Ray Charles

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      <comment>Replacing Ronald_Reagan,_Nancy_Reagan,_and_Ray_Charles.jpg with [[File:President_Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_with_Ray_Charles_After_Acceptance_Speech_at_The_Republican_National_Convention_in_Dallas_Texas_-_DPLA_-_6938a429f413c4c99be778b5c5e56857.jpg]]</comment>
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[[File:President Ronald Reagan and Nancy Reagan with Ray Charles After Acceptance Speech at The Republican National Convention in Dallas Texas - DPLA - 6938a429f413c4c99be778b5c5e56857.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Ronald Reagan, Nancy Reagan da Ray Reagan]]
[[File:Ray Charles (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|250px|Ray Charles]]
'''Raymond Charles Robinson''' ko '''Ray Charles''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Amurika]] ne. An kuma haifi Ray Charles a birnin Albany a Jihar Georgia dake ƙasar Amurika.
==Hotuna==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Ray_Charles_FIJM_2003.jpg|Ray
File:Ray_Charles_classic_piano_pose.jpg|Ray
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{{authority control}}
{{stub}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Charles, Ray}}
[[Category:Mawaƙan Tarayyar Amurka]]</text>
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      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
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      <text bytes="69689" sha1="iozrn18t5wgindjj80tac1q50wi8erh" xml:space="preserve">==Ina bukatar adalci==
Sunana Abdulrahim Abdullahi Sani ina bukatar adalci a cikin wannan korafi nawa. Na kasance ina bada gudummuwa a cikin wannan man haja ta Hausa Wikipedia. Ina gyara da kuma kirkirar sababbin mukaloli. A iya sani na ina kiyaye duk wata doka ta kirkirar mukaloli sannan in sanya musu Manazarta kamar yadda doka tace. Amma @gwanki ya goge man mukuloli duka da na kirkira ba tare da kafa wata hujja ba akan dalilin gogewa. Haka zalika bai gargadeni ba akan ina wani abu da bai kamata ba. Bugu da kari ya goge shafina (profile) ba tare da sanar dani ba. Saboda haka ina bukatar sauran admins da shigo cikin wannan korafin nawa domin ta tabbatar da adalci. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]])  ([[User talk: Saifullahi As|talk]]) [[User:Uncle Bash007|Uncle Bash007]] 
[[User:Abdultambura18|Abdultambura18]] ([[User talk:Abdultambura18|talk]]) 18:17, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC)

==Korafi==
sunana ibrahim abusufyan ina yin wannan korafin ne duba da yanda kake yawan shiga cikin al'amurana a wannan shafi na wikipedia ka kasance kana yawan san kaga kagano laifikana domin ka yi gagawar daukar hukunci,nakasance ina cikin wata gasa ta dora hotuna inda kaje ka goge hotunan da na dora da dama,anma da na lura da yanda abokan gasa ta suke sa hotunan sai naga bashi da banbanci da yanda nikeyi tun a wannna lokacin nafara zargin cewa anya ba kanamin haka bane da wata manufa ,kwanaki nayi gasar vital article i da kagigemin mukallu akalla guda ar'bain batare da yimin gargadi ba ko kafa kwakwarar huja wanda aikin admin aiki ne na gaskiya ba wai aikin san rai ba, ni atunani na idan admin yaga kana aikata badai dai ba zai farama magana ne jn kaki ji to sai ya dau hukunci anma haka kadinka bin duk wata mukala da naui kana gogewa badare da sanar dani in gyara ba to hakika tura takai bango saboda abubuwan da kakemin sun fara sa ni ina loosing interest akan duk wani abu na wikipedia wanda hakan na tabbata bashine anfanin admin ba  nasu rinka korat mutane daga editing ba,zan bada kwakawarar hujoji da zasu gamsar da admins yan uwanka cewa tsakanina da kai kawai kiyaya ce bawai kanayi banae dan in gyara domin hakan ne kadai zaisa ,kabaryimin abunda kakemin ba bisa ka ida ba[[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 17:39, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC)

:Assalam Alaikum @[[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]], Barka da aiki. Ina so ka sani, ba na zo Wikipedia ne domin na bata aikin wani ko korar wani ko hana wani bada gudunmawa ba, a'a, na zo ne kadai domin nima bayar da gudummawa ta a Wikimedia. Duk abinda kaga na yi a Wikipedia ko gyarawa ko goge makala duka na yi ne domin cigaban Hausa Wikipedia. Bayan wannan babu wata manufa a zuciya ta. Duk wani abu da kake tunani bayan wannan to ba haka bane ba. 
:Kuma a baya na yi ma gana a shafin ka na Tattaunawa kan ka gyara sannan sauran admin ma sun ma magana kuma ba gyara din ba.
:Sannan gasa tana sa kana yin aiki maras kyau. 
:Nagode [[User:Gwanki|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF00FF&quot;&gt;Gwanki&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Gwanki|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#800000&quot;&gt;(Yi Min Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 10:48, 2 Disamba 2024 (UTC)
::Nagode da wannan maganar taka sai dai alfarma daya nike nema dukan dan adam ajizi ne wani abu ma bazakasan kuskure bane kakeyi sai wanda yafika sani ya fadama ,ni jna neman alfarma musanman lokacin da mutum keyin gasa indai har akaga yana aikata aiki ba dai daiba dan allah kudaure kuna sanar da mutum dan ya gyara hakan zai sa mutum yadan cewa ba 'acutar dashi ba ,ba abarshi cikin duhu ba sai lokaci yayi sannan ya fuskanci cewa duk aikin da yakeyi angogesu.nagode [[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 14:37, 5 Disamba 2024 (UTC)

==Article about Tony Rinaudo?==
In Niger's desolate Sahel region, Australian agricultural expert Tony Rinaudo found out that even the most devastated regions are criss-crossed by an endless network of roots: &quot;An underground forest&quot;. 
Would you like to write an article about him ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Rinaudo Tony Rinaudo]) as &quot;He inspired farmers to carry on this work over the years. Rinaudo's pioneering technique is called Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration, or FMNR.&quot;[8] The FMNR website describes the technique as a &quot;low-cost land restoration technique used to combat poverty and hunger amongst poor subsistence farmers by increasing food and timber production and resilience to climate extremes&quot;.[8][9][10] He consequently earned the nickname &quot;the Forest Maker&quot;.[11]&quot; Yours --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 18:51, 6 ga Yuni, 2023 (UTC)

== Feminism and Folklore 2023 - A Heartfelt Appreciation for Your Impactful Contribution! ==

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[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|center|500px]]

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Dear Wikimedian,

We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor.

As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeXZaej264LOTM0WQBq9QiGGAC1SWg_pbPByD7gp3sC4j7VKQ/viewform this form] by August 15th, 2023.

Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2024. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity.

Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia.

With warm regards,

'''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''.

--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:37, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC)
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My heartfelt congratulations! --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 22:03, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC)

:Thank you very much [[User:Gwanki|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF00FF&quot;&gt;Gwanki&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Gwanki|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#800000&quot;&gt;(Yi Min Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 05:19, 26 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC)
::Assalamu Alaikum , Masha Allah ina godiya mln Abu amma Dan Allah ina bukatar ka Dan bani dama koda a chart ne yadda zamu kara tattaunawa akan gyaregyare na wadan da ya kamata ace na gyara ina godiya. [[User:Ustaxabunuhu|Ustaxabunuhu]] ([[User talk:Ustaxabunuhu|talk]]) 16:38, 1 Satumba 2023 (UTC)
::Hey oga gwanki I hope you so much you are doing well edit saratu gidado article in fulfulde and hausa [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 20:24, 10 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC)

== Share Shafi ==

Share shafi [[Sahrul Projectt]] Sockpuppet ne ya ƙirƙira. Dubi: [[:id:Wikipedia:Penyalahgunaan_jangka_panjang/Sahrul_Projectt]]. [[User:Willnothappen|Willnothappen]] ([[User talk:Willnothappen|talk]]) 09:19, 23 Oktoba 2023 (UTC)

== Email ==

Aslm, Barka da Aiki @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]. Na maka magana ta Email, ta hanyar (Email This User). [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 16:57, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC)

:Assalam Alaikum [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] I'm sorry, na ga sakon ka na kuma fahimci komi. Zan maka karin bayani a email din, sorry for late reply. [[User:Gwanki|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF00FF&quot;&gt;Gwanki&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Gwanki|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#800000&quot;&gt;(Yi Min Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 18:23, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC)

== Spam ==

‎[[Viraj Ashwin]], ‎[[Abhay Kumar]] Spam [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 18:28, 10 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

== [[Sushi Kaneyoshi]] ==

Barka da Sir Na kirkiro wannan labarin tare da taimakon fassarar MinT Machine shine wannan labarin mai kyau? Ina inganta kwarewata na gyara? ko don Allah ku shawarce ni da wasu ci gaba. Zan bi su a shafi na gaba. [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 15:34, 16 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

== Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2024 Writing Competition ==

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[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
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&lt;center&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/center&gt;

Dear {{PAGENAME}},

Hope you are doing well, Wishing you a Happy New Year!.

We extend a heartfelt invitation to you to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition, which is scheduled to take place from February 1, 2024, to March 31, 2024. This year's edition of Feminism and Folklore will concentrate on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics, aligning with a Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus and featuring a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.

This year we have created two new Tools for the Feminism and Folklore project. The tool is called '''Campwiz'''. This tool is created by the international Tech team of Wiki Loves Folkore especially crafted for Feminism and Folklore project. The tool works as same as fountain or dashboard but has extra abilities required for jury and submission of articles.   

To create a new campaign on Campwiz, organizers to follow these steps:

# Go to the tool link: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# Select your wiki on which you want to organize the campaign (enter the name or short code, such as &quot;{{CONTENTLANG}}&quot; for {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}).
# Give your campaign a name example &quot;Feminism and Folklore 2024 on {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}})&quot;.
# Select the start and end dates (note: keep your start date as Feb 1 and end date as March 31).
# Provide a description for your campaign (you can briefly describe the campaign in this section).
# Make sure to keep the checkboxes ticked for &quot;Allow users to submit articles that were not created but expanded.&quot; if you want to use the campaign for expanded articles also. 
# Keep minimum added bytes as 4000 and minimum added words as 400 and click next.
# In the jury section, keep the checkboxes ticked for &quot;Allow jury members to participate in the campaign&quot; and &quot;Prevent jury members from seeing each other's votes.&quot; As per your preference.
# Under the jury search box, type the username of your jury and click on the &quot;+&quot; button to add; you can add multiple jury members.
# Click next to review and then click on save.

With this we have also created a '''Missing article tool'''. This tool identifies articles in the English Wikipedia that are absent from your native language Wikipedia. You can customize your selection criteria, and our tool will provide you with a table displaying the missing articles along with suggested titles. You also have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats.

Both tools, the Missing Article Tool and the Campwiz Tool, are now available for public use during the Feminism and Folklore campaign. You can find more information about these tools here: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/&lt;/nowiki&gt;

There are also some changes in the rules and criteria's. Please go through the rules below.

# '''Minimum Length:''' The expanded or new article should have a minimum of '''''4000 bytes or 400 words''''', ensuring sufficient depth and coverage of the chosen topic. The local organizers are free to choose the minimum length criteria as per needs of their local Wikipedia and must be clearly mention on local project page.
# '''Language Quality:''' Articles should not be poorly machine-translated, ensuring that language quality and readability are maintained at a high standard.
# '''Timeline of Creation or Expansion:''' The article should be created or expanded between 1 February and 31 March, aligning with the specified contest timeline.
# '''Theme Relevance''': Articles should directly address the theme of feminism and folklore, exploring connections between gender, cultural traditions, and intangible heritage.
# '''No Orphaned Articles:''' Articles must not be orphaned, meaning they should be linked from at least one other article to ensure visibility within the Wikipedia ecosystem.
# '''No Copyright violations:''' There should be no copyright violations, and articles should adhere to local Wikipedia policies on notability, ensuring that the content meets the standards for notability.
# '''Adequate references and Citations:''' Each article should include proper references and citations following local Wikipedia policies, ensuring the reliability and credibility of the information presented.

Learn more about the contest details and prizes on our project page [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|here]]. Should you require any assistance, please feel free to contact us on our meta talk page or via email.

We eagerly anticipate your enthusiastic coordination and participation in Feminism and Folklore 2024.

Thank you and Best wishes,

'''Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team'''

--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 06:51, 18 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)
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== [[Anthony Kiedis]] ==

@[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]Shin za ku bincika cewa wannan labarin da aka kirkira yana da kyau? [[User:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|Bilal Mustafa Sheikh]] ([[User talk:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|talk]]) 08:05, 28 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

==Aisha Aliyu Bokuta==
Salam @[[Gwanki]] na Lura kaman ka dakatar da edit da nakeyi yanzu. Ko meyasa?
[[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]] ([[User talk:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|talk]]) 15:38, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

:Wls @[[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]], A'a ban kulle ki ba, na dai goge wata muƙalar da kika yi guda daya ne Sammakon ba makala kika fassara ba. [[User:Gwanki|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF00FF&quot;&gt;Gwanki&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Gwanki|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#800000&quot;&gt;(Yi Min Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 20:04, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

== Organising Feminism and Folklore ==

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | 350px | right]]

Hello Community Organizers,

Thank you for organising Feminism and Folklore writing competition on your wiki. We congratulate you in joining and celebrating our cultural heritage and promoting gender equality on Wikipedia.

To encourage boost for the contributions of the participants, we're offering prizes for Feminism and Folklore local prizes. Each Wikipedia will have three local winners:

*First Prize: $15 USD
*Second Prize: $10 USD
*Best Jury Article: $5 USD

All this will be in '''gift voucher format only'''. Kindly inform your local community regarding these prizes and post them on the local project page 

The Best Jury Article will be chosen by the jury based on how unique the article is aligned with the theme. The jury will review all submissions and decide the winner together, making sure it's fair. These articles will also be featured on our social media handles. 

We're also providing internet and childcare support to the first 50 organizers and Jury members for who request for it. Remember, only 50 organizers will get this support, and it's given on a first-come, first-served basis. The registration form will close after 50 registrations, and the deadline is March 15, 2024. This support is optional and not compulsory, so if you're interested, fill out the form [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdnytyact-HR6DvsWwnrVeWuzMfuNH1dSjpF24m6od-f3LzZQ/viewform here]. 

Each organizer/jury who gets support will receive $30 USD in gift voucher format, even if they're involved in more than one wiki. No dual support will be provided if you have signed up in more than one language. This support is meant to appreciate your volunteer support for the contest.  

We also invite all organizers and jury members to join us for office hours on '''Saturday, March 2, 2024'''. This session will help you understand the jury process for both contests and give you a chance to ask questions. More details are on  [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2024_Office_Hour_2  meta page].

Let's celebrate our different cultures and work towards gender equality on Wikipedia!

Best regards,

Rockpeterson

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 05:56, 29 ga Faburairu, 2024 (UTC)
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== Wai kai ya zaka bataman aiki bayan kuma baka kara wani abu akan articles din ==

Imposter [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 00:19, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC)

:Aslm @[[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]], Ni bana ɓata aikin kowa sai dai na gyara. Kayi maƙaloli sama da 600 amma kaso 90% ba masu kyau ne ba. A baya na gyara kusan 40% na maƙalolin ka wajen haɗa su da Wikidata. Yanzu ma na ga ka dawo ka ci gaba da yin irin su saboda haka ka daina yin reverts na gyaran da na ma ba tare da dalili ba. Cigaba da yin haka sabawa ƙa'idar editing Wikipedia ne. [[User:Gwanki|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF00FF&quot;&gt;Gwanki&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Gwanki|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#800000&quot;&gt;(Yi Min Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 06:32, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC)

== Reporting unattributed machine translations + copyright violations ==

Hello! I'm Vermont, a [[m:Stewards|steward]]. Apologies for writing in English. I couldn't find whether the Hausa Wikipedia has an admin noticeboard, so I'm messaging you directly.

Yesterday I noticed that [[Special:CentralAuth/787IYO|787IYO]] has been creating many pages which are just English Wikipedia articles put through Google Translate. I spot-checked 5 articles, and none of their text was modified from the Google Translate'd version at all. Unmodified machine translations are generally not very good, and also has resulted in broken links and tables, examples: [[Harshen Bilen]] and [[Harshen Lemerig]].

I left the user a [[:meta:User talk:787IYO#Copyright violations and machine translation|message on their Meta-Wiki talk page]] asking them to go back and add attribution to the English Wikipedia articles (which is required by the CC BY-SA 4.0 license) and check for errors in translation. 787IYO confirmed that they would do this, however...

When I checked their edits today, I noticed they just created this article: [[Hutun Haihuwa]]. The one source is a copyrighted website, and the article's content is machine-translated from that website. Specifically, from the first paragraph &quot;Maternity leave refers to...&quot; and the &quot;How long is maternity leave?&quot; section. Given that the website's content is copyrighted, this article should be deleted.

Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 15:43, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC)

:Dear @[[User:Vermont|Vermont]],
:Thank you for bringing this to my attention. I appreciate your efforts in highlighting the issues with [[User:787IYO|787IYO]]'s contributions. I will thoroughly review the user's contributions and take appropriate action, including the deletion of any non-compliant articles. [[User:Gwanki|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF00FF&quot;&gt;Gwanki&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Gwanki|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#800000&quot;&gt;(Yi Min Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 17:15, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC)
::Hi! Thanks. To note, it's ongoing: [[Shareefah Ibrahim]] (created 3 hours ago) is an unmodified Google Translate of [https://authorpedia.net/our-authors/sheefah-zarma/ this copyrighted authorpedia.net] post. Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 21:01, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC)
::This has not yet been resolved, and the user was unfortunately elected as an administrator. I've left another message on their talk page. In a worst case, you or someone else can probably just delete the content. [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 16:05, 25 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC)

== Next Steps and Feedback Request for Feminism and Folklore Organizers ==

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]

Dear Organizer,

I hope this message finds you well.

First and foremost, I want to extend my gratitude to you for your efforts in organizing the '''Feminism and Folklore''' campaign on your local Wikipedia. Your contribution has been instrumental in bridging the gender and folk gap on Wikipedia, and we truly appreciate your dedication to this important cause.

As the campaign draws to a close, I wanted to inform you about the next steps. It's time to commence the jury process using the CampWiz or Fountain tool where your campaign was hosted. Please ensure that you update the details of the jury, campaign links and the names of organizers accurately on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|sign-up page]].

Once the jury process is completed, kindly update the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Results|results page]] accordingly. The deadline for jury submission of results is '''April 30, 2024'''. However, if you find that the number of articles is high and you require more time, please don't hesitate to inform us via email or on our Meta Wiki talk page. We are more than willing to approve an extension if needed.

Should you encounter any issues with the tools, please feel free to reach out to us on Telegram for assistance. Your feedback and progress updates are crucial for us to improve the campaign and better understand your community's insights.

Therefore, I kindly ask you to spare just 10 minutes to share your progress and achievements with us through a Google Form survey. Your input will greatly assist us in making the campaign more meaningful and impactful.

Here's the link to the survey: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfCkFONXlPVlakMmdh-BWtZp0orYBCSVvViJPbsjf2TIXAWvw/viewform?usp=sf_link Survey Google Form Link]

Thank you once again for your hard work and dedication to the Feminism and Folklore campaign. Your efforts are deeply appreciated, and we look forward to hearing from you soon.

Warm regards,

'''Feminism and Folklore International Team #WeTogether'''

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 08:26, 7 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC)
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== Article created by LTA==
Hello, the article [[Nick Barua]] should be deleted. This was created by a LTA from IP. This article has been deleted from many wikis multiple time, including enwiki [[:en:Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nick Barua]], [[:pt:Wikipédia:Páginas para eliminar/Nick Barua]], [[:ja: Wikipedia:削除依頼/ニック・バルア]], bnwiki etc. [[User:আফতাবুজ্জামান|আফতাবুজ্জামান]] ([[User talk:আফতাবুজ্জামান|talk]]) 18:07, 14 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC)

:Hey oga gwanki master of hausa Wikipedia I hope you so much I am fulfulde Wikipedia editer Adamu from yobe state you a doing well in hausa Wikipedia keep trying￼ sir gwanki [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 09:02, 19 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC)

== Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia,

Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC.

Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a.

Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]].

Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki.

A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC)
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== Spam ==

Hi, I am from the English Wikipedia. The page [[Namaste Henry]] was created by a spammer. Please delete it. [[User:Un assiolo|Un assiolo]] ([[User talk:Un assiolo|talk]]) 19:49, 12 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC)

== Gaisuwa masu kyau daga sabon wikipedian ==

Hello Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, please guide me how to contribute here, hereby am afraid of getting unwanted ban / ip block. if such issue is there kindly drop a message on my talk page please, because i don't want any issue here, so am happy to contribute here, thank you, do guide and tell me if i have done any mistake or anything else . thank you .  [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:51, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC)

:Assalamu alaikum Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, da fatan za a bani gudunmawar da zan bayar a nan, don haka ina tsoron samun ban / ip block maras so. idan irin wannan batu yana da kyau a sauke sako a shafina don Allah, saboda ba na son wani batu a nan, don haka ina farin cikin bayar da gudummawa a nan, na gode, yi jagora kuma ku gaya mani idan na yi kuskure ko wani abu. na gode . [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:52, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC)

== Thank You for Your Contribution to Feminism and Folklore 2024! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|center|500px]]

{{int:please-translate}}

Dear Wikimedian,

We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor.

As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in organizing the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeHYAhFA9Q5vUs9UA1N45TOUxUdSNO8igGTmg4oPUL_qXS1EQ/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] by August 15th, 2024.

Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2025. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity.

Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia.

With warm regards,

'''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''.
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:28, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;.
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== Neman taimako kan saka hoto ==

@user gwanki ina saka hotunan kasa idan na lurabda cewa mukalar tana magana kan dan kasar bansan hakan ya sabawa doka ba,kna bukatar karin bayani pls [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 21:28, 19 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC)

== Gyaran akan WPWP ==

@Gwanki zan gyara nagode [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 05:29, 20 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC)

== Inquiry ==

Hello, why did you delete my article titled ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]])?! [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 16:07, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC)

:Hi @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], the article is already exist as [[Daular Safawiyya]]. [[User:Gwanki|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF00FF&quot;&gt;Gwanki&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Gwanki|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#800000&quot;&gt;(Yi Min Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 18:36, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC)
::There is a difference between the two articles. The first article ([[Daular Safawiyya]]) deals with the subject from all aspects in brief, while the article ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]]) deals only with the historical aspect and conveys it in detail, and this is very common in Wikipedia in all languages. In addition, the article you deleted contains very detailed and important information that I collected from Persian, English and Arabic sources, and I put a great effort into it, so I hope you restore the article. [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 13:59, 21 Satumba 2024 (UTC)
:::Hello @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], Thanks for improving Hausa Wikipedia. I understand your request and I restored it. Thank you for understanding [[User:Gwanki|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF00FF&quot;&gt;Gwanki&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Gwanki|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#800000&quot;&gt;(Yi Min Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 05:37, 22 Satumba 2024 (UTC)

== Report ==

Hello, please check this IP for advertising/spam: [[Musamman:Contributions/2401:4900:7165:970A:8C46:A2FF:FE18:828B]]

Thanks. [[User:Ternera|Ternera]] ([[User talk:Ternera|talk]]) 21:19, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC)

:Thanks for the alarming. 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) [[User:Gwanki|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF00FF&quot;&gt;Gwanki&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Gwanki|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#800000&quot;&gt;(Yi Min Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC)

== Karin Bayani  ==

@[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]] barka da kokari, naga ka goge mukalar &quot;Hispanophone&quot; ko zan iya sanin dalili? [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 06:14, 28 Satumba 2024 (UTC)

== Turai ==

Hello, Gwanki. You appear to have partly hijacked the article on Europe in Hausa [[Turai|ha:Turai]] to replace it with an article about a personal name. This is clearly wrong. You should have created a separate article about the name, not hijacked it. You have then changed the enwiki entry in [[wikidata:Q46|Q46]] to point to [[:en:Turai]] instead of [[:en:Europe]]. This caused a serious problem in enwiki (the article [[:en:Europe]] was no longer linked to other articles about Europe), and I have changed it back. What should happen is that your Hausa article should be moved to a different name (in enwiki is would be something like &quot;Turai (name)&quot;), and the original [[Turai|ha:Turai]] article about Europe should be restored;  Then you can create a new Wikidata item about the name &quot;Turai&quot; and link your new Hausa article and [[:en:Turai]] through it.

(I have posted on your User Talk page in Wikidata as well, and on the Interwiki conflicts page in Wikidata).  [[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 15:37, 25 Oktoba 2024 (UTC)

::Thank you for correcting [[Turai]]. --[[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 21:32, 26 Oktoba 2024 (UTC)

== Feminism and Folklores  2024 Organizers Feedback ==

Dear Organizer,
[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | right | frameless]]

We extend our heartfelt gratitude for your invaluable contributions to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2024 Feminism and Folklore 2024]. Your dedication to promoting feminist perspectives on Wikimedia platforms has been instrumental in the campaign's success.

To better understand your initiatives and impact, we invite you to participate in a short survey (5-7 minutes). 

Your feedback will help us document your achievements in our report and showcase your story in our upcoming blog, highlighting the diversity of [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore] initiatives.

Click to participate in the [https://forms.gle/dSeoDP1r7S4KCrVZ6  survey]. 

By participating in the By participating in the survey, you help us share your efforts in reports and upcoming blogs. This will help showcase and amplify your work, inspiring others to join the movement.

The survey covers:
#Community engagement and participation
#Challenges and successes
#Partnership

Thank you again for your tireless efforts in promoting  [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore].

Best regards,&lt;br&gt;
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 14:23, 26 October 2024 (UTC)
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== [Reminder] Apply for Cycle 3 Grants by December 1st! ==

Dear Feminism and Folklore Organizers,

We hope this message finds you well. We are excited to inform you that the application window for Wikimedia Foundation's Cycle 3 of our grants is now open. Please ensure to submit your applications by December 1st.

For a comprehensive guide on how to apply, please refer to the Wiki Loves Folklore Grant Toolkit: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_Grant_Toolkit

Additionally, you can find detailed information on the Rapid Grant timeline here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid#Timeline

We appreciate your continuous efforts and contributions to our campaigns. Should you have any questions or need further assistance, please do not hesitate to reach out:  '''support@wikilovesfolkore.org'''

Kind regards, &lt;br&gt;
On behalf of the Wiki Loves Folklore International Team. &lt;br&gt;
[[User:Joris Darlington Quarshie | Joris Darlington Quarshie]] ([[User talk:Joris Darlington Quarshie|talk]]) 08:39, 9 November 2024 (UTC)
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== neman adalci  ==

Inasan kalura da kyau ka kara karanta abun da na rubuta a mukalata da ka give ni aganina ko Wanda ya fara koyon Hausa zai iyya gane abun da na rubuta ni a wikipedia ba komi Nike nema ba wurinka sai adalci idan akamin adalci kadai ya isheni. inaji.)[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 09:56, 2 Disamba 2024 (UTC)

== [Workshop] Identifying Win-Win Relationships with Partners for Wikimedia ==

Dear Recipient,&lt;br&gt;
We are excited to invite you to the third workshop in our Advocacy series, part of the Feminism and Folklore International Campaign. This highly anticipated workshop, titled &lt;b&gt;&quot;Identifying Win-Win Relationships with Partners for Wikimedia,&quot;&lt;/b&gt; will be led by the esteemed Alex Stinson, Lead Program Strategist at the Wikimedia Foundation. Don't miss this opportunity to gain valuable insights into forging effective partnerships.

===Workshop Objectives===
* &lt;b&gt;Introduction to Partnerships: &lt;/b&gt;Understand the importance of building win-win relationships within the Wikimedia movement.
* &lt;b&gt;Strategies for Collaboration: &lt;/b&gt;Learn practical strategies for identifying and fostering effective partnerships.
* &lt;b&gt;Case Studies:&lt;/b&gt; Explore real-world examples of successful partnerships in the Wikimedia community.
* &lt;b&gt;Interactive Discussions: &lt;/b&gt;Engage in discussions to share experiences and insights on collaboration and advocacy.

===Workshop Details===
📅 Date: 7th December 2024&lt;br&gt;
⏰ Time: 4:30 PM UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1733589000 Check your local time zone])&lt;br&gt;
📍 Venue: Zoom Meeting

===How to Join:===
Registration Link: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Event:Identifying_Win-Win_Relationships_with_Partners_for_Wikimedia &lt;br&gt;
Meeting ID: 860 4444 3016 &lt;br&gt;
Passcode: 834088

We welcome participants to bring their diverse perspectives and stories as we drive into the collaborative opportunities within the Wikimedia movement. Together, we’ll explore how these partnerships can enhance our advocacy and community efforts.

Thank you,

Wiki Loves Folklore International Team

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 07:34, 03 December 2024 (UTC)
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== Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 in Your Country ==

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless]]

Dear Team,
My name is Joris Darlington Quarshie (user: Joris Darlington Quarshie), and I am the Event Coordinator for the Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 (WLF) International campaign.

Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 is a photographic competition aimed at highlighting folk culture worldwide. The annual international photography competition is held on Wikimedia Commons between the 1st of February and the 31st of March. This campaign invites photographers and enthusiasts of folk culture globally to showcase their local traditions, festivals, cultural practices, and other folk events by uploading photographs to Wikimedia Commons.

As we celebrate the seventh anniversary of Wiki Loves Folklore, the international team is thrilled to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and organizations worldwide to host a local edition in their respective countries. This is an opportunity to bring more visibility to the folk culture of your region and contribute valuable content to the internet.

* Please find the project page for this year’s edition at:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2025
* To sign up and organize the event in your country, visit:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2025/Organize

If you wish to organize your local edition in either February or March instead of both months, feel free to let us know.

In addition to the photographic competition, there will also be a Wikipedia writing competition called Feminism and Folklore, which focuses on topics related to feminism, women's issues, gender gaps, and folk culture on Wikipedia.

We welcome your team to organize both the photo and writing campaigns or either one of them in your local Wiki edition. If you are unable to organize both campaigns, feel free to share this opportunity with other groups or organizations in your region that may be interested.

* You can find the Feminism and Folklore project page here:
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025

* The page to sign up is:
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025/Project_Page

For any questions or to discuss further collaboration, feel free to contact us via the Talk page or email at support@wikilovesfolklore.org. If your team wishes to connect via a meeting to discuss this further, please let us know.

We look forward to your participation in Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 and to seeing the incredible folk culture of your region represented on Wikimedia Commons.

Sincerely,

The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 08:50, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
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== Invitation to Organise Feminism and Folklore 2025 ==

== Invitation to Organise Feminism and Folklore 2025 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&quot;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]]
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;{{int:please-translate}}&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Dear {{PAGENAME}},

My name is [[User:SAgbley|Stella Agbley]], and I am the Event Coordinator for the Feminism and Folklore 2025 (FnF) International campaign.

We're thrilled to announce the Feminism and Folklore 2025 writing competition, held in conjunction with Wiki Loves Folklore 2025! This initiative focuses on enriching Wikipedia with content related to feminism, women's issues, gender gaps, and folk culture.

=== Why Host the Competition? ===
* Empower voices: Provide a platform for discussions on feminism and its intersection with folk culture.
* Enrich Wikipedia: Contribute valuable content to Wikipedia on underrepresented topics.
* Raise awareness: Increase global understanding of these important issues.

=== Exciting Prizes Await! ===
We're delighted to acknowledge outstanding contributions with a range of prizes:

**International Recognition:**
* 1st Prize: $300 USD
* 2nd Prize: $200 USD
* 3rd Prize: $100 USD
* Consolation Prizes (Top 10): $50 USD each

**Local Recognition (Details Coming Soon!):**
Each participating Wikipedia edition (out of 40+) will offer local prizes. Stay tuned for announcements!  
All prizes will be distributed in a convenient and accessible manner. Winners will receive major brand gift cards or vouchers equivalent to the prize value in their local currency.

=== Ready to Get Involved? ===
Learn more about Feminism and Folklore 2025: [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025 Feminism and Folklore 2025]  
Sign Up to Organize a Campaign: [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025/Project_Page Campaign Sign-Up Page]

=== Collaboration is Key! ===
Whether you choose to organize both photo and writing competitions (Wiki Loves Folklore and Feminism and Folklore) or just one, we encourage your participation. If hosting isn't feasible, please share this opportunity with interested groups in your region.

=== Let's Collaborate! ===
For questions or to discuss further collaboration, please contact us via the Talk page or email at support@wikilovesfolklore.org. We're happy to schedule a meeting to discuss details further.  
Together, let's celebrate women's voices and enrich Wikipedia with valuable content!

Thank you,  
**Wiki Loves Folklore International Team**

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) 23:02, 05 January 2025 (UTC)
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== Kara lura da fassara ==

Assalam @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]],

Na bibiyi wannan shafi [[Deng Adut]] sai dai naga akwai 'yan kura-kurai da baza'a rasa ba. Da fatan zamu kara lura sosai. Nagode.

Bissalam [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 09:47, 24 ga Janairu, 2025 (UTC)

== Thank you for being a medical translator! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{| style=&quot;background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;&quot;
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;&quot; | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|100px]]
|style=&quot;font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;&quot; |'''The 2024 Cure Translators Award''' 
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;&quot; |In 2024 you [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php?camp=all&amp;project=all&amp;year=2024&amp;start=Filter joined us as a medical translator]. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We look forwards to working together in 2025.
|}

Thanks again :-)  -- [https://mdwiki.org/wiki/User:Doc_James &lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000f1&quot;&gt;'''Doc James'''&lt;/span&gt;] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 06:54, 26 ga Janairu, 2025 (UTC)
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== Join Us Today: Amplify Women’s Stories on Wikipedia! ==

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[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]]

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{center|''{{int:please-translate}}''}}

Dear {{PAGENAME}},
{{quote|Join us this International Women’s Month to uncover hidden stories and reshape cultural narratives! Dive into an interactive workshop where we’ll illuminate gaps in folklore and women’s history on Wikipedia—and take action to ensure their legacies are written into history.}}

Facilitated by '''Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight''', this workshop will explore how to identify and curate missing stories about women’s contributions to culture and heritage. Let’s work together to amplify voices that have been overlooked for far too long!

== Event Details ==
* '''📅 Date''': Today (15 March 2025)
* '''⏰ Time''': 4:00 PM UTC ([https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/converter.html Convert to your time zone])
* '''📍 Platform''': [https://us06web.zoom.us/j/87522074523?pwd=0EEz1jfr4i9d9Nvdm3ioTaFdRGZojJ.1 Zoom Link]
* '''🔗 Session''': [[meta:Event:Feminism and Folklore International Campaign: Finding and Curating the Missing Gaps on Gender Disparities|Feminism and Folklore International Campaign: Finding and Curating the Missing Gaps on Gender Disparities]]
* '''🆔 Meeting ID''': 860 8747 3266
* '''🔑 Passcode''': FNF@2025

== Participation ==
Whether you’re a seasoned editor or new to Wikipedia, this is your chance to contribute to a more inclusive historical record. ''Bring your curiosity and passion—we’ll provide the tools and guidance!''

'''Let’s make history ''her'' story too.''' See you there!

Best regards,&lt;br&gt;
'''Joris Quarshie'''&lt;br&gt;
[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025 International Team]]

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:1em; text-align:center;&quot;&gt;
Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]  [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|msg]]) 07:15, 24 March 2025 (UTC)
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&lt;/div&gt;
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== Invitation: Gendering the Archive - Building Inclusive Folklore Repositories (April 30th) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
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[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]]

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{{center|''{{int:please-translate}}''}}
Dear {{PAGENAME}},

You are invited to a hands-on session focused on [[meta:Gendering the Archive: Building Inclusive Repositories for Folklore Documentation|Gendering the Archive: Building Inclusive Repositories for Folklore Documentation]]. This online workshop will guide participants on how to create, edit, and expand gender-inclusive folklore articles and multimedia archives on Wikipedia and Wikidata. The session will be led by Rebecca Jeannette Nyinawumuntu.

=== Objectives ===
* '''Design Inclusive Repositories:''' Learn best practices for structuring folklore archives that foreground gender perspectives.
* '''Hands-On Editing:''' Practice creating and improving articles and items on Wikipedia and Wikidata with a gender-inclusive lens.
* '''Collaborative Mapping:''' Work in small groups to plan new entries and multimedia uploads that document underrepresented voices.
* '''Advocacy &amp; Outreach:''' Discuss strategies to promote and sustain these repositories within your local and online communities.

=== Details ===
* '''Date:''' 30th April 2025
* '''Day:''' Wednesday
* '''Time:''' 16:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746028800 Check your local time zone])
* '''Venue:''' Online (Zoom)
* '''Speaker:''' Rebecca Jeannette Nyinawumuntu (Co-founder, Wikimedia Rwanda &amp; Community Engagement Director)

=== How to Join ===
* '''Zoom Link:''' [https://us06web.zoom.us/j/89158738825?pwd=ezEgXbAqwq9KEr499DvJxSzZyXSVQX Join here]
* '''Meeting ID:''' 891 5873 8825
* '''Passcode:''' FNF@2025
* '''Add to Calendar:''' [https://zoom.us/meeting/tZ0scuGvrTMiGNH4I3T7EEQmhuFJkuCHL7Ci/ics?meetingMasterEventId=Xv247OBKRMWeJJ9LSbX2hA Add to your calendar] ''''

=== Agenda ===
# Welcome &amp; Introductions: Opening remarks and participant roll-call.
# Presentation: Overview of gender-inclusive principles and examples of folklore archives.
# Hands-On Workshop: Step-by-step editing on Wikipedia and Wikidata—create or expand entries.
# Group Brainstorm: Plan future repository items in breakout groups.
# Q&amp;A &amp; Discussion: Share challenges, solutions, and next steps.
# Closing Remarks: Summarise key takeaways and outline follow-up actions.

We look forward to seeing you there!

Best regards,&lt;br&gt;
Stella&lt;br&gt;
Feminism and Folklore Organiser

-[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 10:28, 24 April 2025 (UTC)
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== You're invited: Feminism and Folklore Advocacy Session – June 20! ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

Hello {{PAGENAME}}

[[File:Feminism and Folklore logo.svg | right | frameless]]

We are pleased to invite you to an inspiring session in the Feminism and Folklore International Campaign Advocacy Series titled:

🎙️ Documenting Indigenous Women’s Wisdom: The Role of Grandmothers and Elders&lt;br&gt;
🗓 Friday, June 20, 2025&lt;br&gt;
⏰ 4:00 PM UTC&lt;br&gt;
🌍 Online – [https://us06web.zoom.us/j/86470824823?pwd=s7ruwuxrradtJNcZLVT9EyClb8g7ho.1 Zoom link]&lt;br&gt;
👤 Facilitator: Obiageli Ezeilo (Wiki for Senior Citizens Network)&lt;br&gt;

Join us as we explore how the oral teachings of grandmothers and elders preserve cultural heritage and influence today’s feminist movements. Learn how to document these narratives using Wikimedia platforms!

🔗 Event Page &amp; Details:
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Event:Documenting_Indigenous_Women%E2%80%99s_Wisdom:_The_Role_of_Grandmothers_and_Elders

This session includes:&lt;br&gt;
✔️ A keynote presentation&lt;br&gt;
✔️ Story-sharing interactive segment&lt;br&gt;
✔️ Q&amp;A + tools for documenting women’s wisdom on Wikimedia&lt;br&gt;

We hope to see you there!

Warm regards,&lt;br&gt;
Stella&lt;br&gt;
On behalf of Feminism and Folklore Team&lt;br&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 23:49, 17 June 2025 (UTC)
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== Request for deletion: Promotional article &quot;Sandeep Murarka&quot; recreated on Hausa Wikipedia ==

Hello,

I would like to inform you that the English Wikipedia article [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandeep_Murarka?utm_source=chatgpt.com '''Sandeep Murarka'''] was deleted under criterion '''G5 (Creation by a blocked or banned user in violation of block or ban)''' by English Wikipedia administrator [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:MER-C?utm_source=chatgpt.com '''MER-C'''].

However, I noticed that the same promotional article has now been recreated on Hausa Wikipedia: [https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandeep_Murarka?utm_source=chatgpt.com '''Sandeep Murarka (ha.wikipedia)'''], apparently by [https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:A_Sulaiman_Z?utm_source=chatgpt.com '''User:A Sulaiman Z'''].

Since this appears to be promotional content and a recreation of a page previously deleted on English Wikipedia, I kindly request that you review and take appropriate action on the Hausa Wikipedia article.

Thank you for your attention. [[User:Jernellmolas|Jernellmolas]] ([[User talk:Jernellmolas|talk]]) 05:50, 4 Satumba 2025 (UTC)

==[[Hausa Bakwai]]==
Dear Gwanki, can you do anything about the Manazarta in this article as the cite errors are so numerous? Thank you! --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 19:03, 5 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

== Invitation to Organise Feminism and Folklore 2026 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&quot;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]]
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;{{int:please-translate}}&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Dear {{PAGENAME}},

Hope you’re doing well. I’m reaching out with some exciting updates about '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]'''. Thanks to the amazing support from organizers like you, the campaign has grown into one of the biggest and most collaborative initiatives in the entire Wikimedia movement. Your efforts have played a huge part in that, and we’re truly grateful. We’re hoping to make the 2026 edition even larger and even more community-driven.

We’d be very happy to have you join again as an organizer. The sign-up process is simple this year:

#Create your local event page (you can copy from the [[:m:Feminism_and_Folklore/Sample|sample]])
#Set up your Fountain or [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/campwiz/ CampWiz] campaign.
#Add your campaign link to the 2026 '''[[:m:Feminism_and_Folklore_2026/Project_Page|registration list]]'''

The focus of the campaign remains the same - creating or expanding Wikipedia content on feminism, women’s issues, gender topics, and diverse folk traditions from around the world. International and local prizes will continue as before.

'''Special Prize for 2026:'''

Every participant will receive a Wikipedia 25 digital postcard as a token of appreciation for contributing to the global movement during Wikipedia’s 25th anniversary year. This will be sent to all contributors who take part in the campaign.

We’re also adding an optional one-time internet and childcare support for organizers who may need extra assistance to carry out their local campaign. This is entirely optional and meant to help those who might otherwise face challenges in organizing. More details will be shared soon.

If you’re unable to organize this year, no worries at all - please feel free to share the invitation with others in your community who might be interested.

If you have any questions or would like to discuss plans, you can reach us on the [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026|talk page]] or by email.

Looking forward to collaborating again,

'''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:18, 12 Disamba 2025 (UTC)
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== Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon ==

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[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 

Dear Wikimedian,

We thank you for taking an initiative to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia.

The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects.

;About the Campaign 
'''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices.

;What Can Participants Write About? 
Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to:

* Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations  
* Folk dances, music, and traditional performances  
* Women and queer figures in folklore  
* Women in mythology and oral traditions  
* Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives  
* Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends  
* Folk games, sports, and cultural practices  

Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools.

;Checklist for Organizers 
Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community:

# Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] 
# Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool  
# Prepare a local article list and clearly mention:
#* Campaign timeline  
#* Local and international prizes  
# Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]]  
# Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]'''

;Campaign Tools

The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants:

* '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats.
* '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore.

Both tools are now available for use in the campaign.  '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]'''

;Learn More &amp; Get Support
For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''.

If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via:
* '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]'''
* Email us using details on the contact page.

;Join Us in upcoming office hours 
We look forward to your presence in the upcoming office hours where the community and the international Team can interact with each other and know more about the contest. resister yourself for the [[:m:Event:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 Office Hours|office hours event]]. 

Thank you and all the best,
  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]'''

----

''Stay connected:''  
[[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp;
[[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:30, 18 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC)
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== Feminism and Folklore 2026 – Community Organisers &amp; Jury ==

Hello {{PAGENAME}}!,

Thank you for taking the lead in organising '''Feminism and Folklore 2026''' in your community. We truly appreciate your efforts!

To ensure a smooth and successful campaign, please make sure you have:
* Fully completed all details on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Feminism and Folklore 2026 Project Page]]:
* Started promoting the campaign within your community.
* Requested a local administrator to place a '''sitenotice''' about the campaign so users are notified.
* Used the '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/fnf/ Article List Generator Tool]''' and shared the generated article lists with your community.

=== Internet &amp; Childcare Support ===
Community organisers and jury members who require '''internet and childcare support''' (non-mandatory, opt-in, request-only support) should fill the support request form '''by 22 February 2026'''.

'''[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeutXEF1yTnJfExWUYPIf6SkhcnTgul07BeI-biqT4RE_vsrA/viewform Link to the form]'''

Requests submitted after this date will not be entertained.

=== Important Participation Guidelines ===

* Minimum article size: '''3000 bytes and 300 words''' (final decision may be set by local organisers).
* If your country is not listed on the Article list generator tool, please contact us.

=== Community Engagement ===

* Keep your community active and motivated throughout the campaign.
* Share your achievements and notable articles with us so we can highlight them globally.
* In the support form, please indicate if you would like a '''quick coordination call after the campaign'''.
Let’s make '''Feminism and Folklore''', under the banner of '''#WeTogether''', help bridge the '''gender gap''' and '''folklore gap''' on Wikipedia worldwide. 🌍✊

Thank you for your collaboration!

''If someone from your community organisers or jury has missed this message feel free to share this message with them.''

Feminism and Folklore International Team.

–[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 05:17, 16 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC)
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== Translation request ==

Hello, Gwanki. 

Can you translate and create the articles [[:en:Mount Bazardüzü]] as [[Tsaunin Bazardüzü]] and [[:en:Phlegraean Fields]] as [[Campi Flegrei]] in Hausa Wikipedia? 

Yours sincerely, [[User:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[User talk:Kurcke|talk]]) 07:37, 7 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

:Thank you very much. [[User:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[User talk:Kurcke|talk]]) 18:48, 10 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Help ==

Please help me improve [[Gaza genocide|this]] article I recently created; my Hausa language skills are poor. Also, please add [[:en:Gaza_genocide|this]] article to the Hausa Wikipedia as it is important. Thank you. [[User:جودت|جودت]] ([[User talk:جودت|talk]]) 15:50, 8 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Next Steps and Feedback meeting for Feminism and Folklore Organizers ==

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[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]]

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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

Dear Organizer,

I hope this message finds you well.

First and foremost, on behalf of the International Team I want to extend my gratitude to you for your efforts in organizing the '''Feminism and Folklore 2026''' campaign on your local Wikipedia. Your contribution has been instrumental in bridging the gender and folk gap on Wikipedia, and we truly appreciate your dedication to this important cause.

As the campaign has ended I wanted to inform you about the next steps. It's time to commence the jury process using the CampWiz or Fountain tool where your campaign was hosted. Please ensure that you update the details of the jury, campaign links and the names of organizers accurately on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|sign-up page]].

Once the jury process is completed, kindly update only the top 3 winners details on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Results|results page]] accordingly. The deadline for jury submission of results is '''April 30, 2026'''. However, if you find that the number of articles is high and you require more time, please don't hesitate to inform us via email or on campaign Meta Wiki talk page. We are more than willing to approve an extension if needed.

Should you encounter any issues with the tools, please feel free to reach out to us on Telegram for assistance. 

Your feedback and progress updates are crucial for us to improve the campaign and better understand your community's insights. Therefore, we kindly ask you to spare just an hour to collectively share your progress and achievements with us during our '''[[:m:Event:Feminism and Folklore 2026 Post-Campaign Office Hour|community feedback session]]'''. Your input will greatly assist us in making the campaign more meaningful and impactful.

Thank you once again for your hard work and dedication to the Feminism and Folklore campaign. Your efforts are deeply appreciated, and we look forward to hearing from you soon.

Warm regards,

[[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]]

on behalf of Feminism and Folklore International Team 

&lt;nowiki&gt;#WeTogether&lt;/nowiki&gt;
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--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 11:57, 11 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)
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== You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election ==

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Greetings,

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years.

This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required.

The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will week between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run.

In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 18:33, 28 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
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== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:35, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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      <sha1>iozrn18t5wgindjj80tac1q50wi8erh</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>838612</id>
      <parentid>836976</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T23:44:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-30415-61</username>
        <id>45056</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Brk */ sabon sashe</comment>
      <origin>838612</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="41099" sha1="opadh8j5432367ucp0qzbmc8fgkydme" xml:space="preserve">== Barka da zuwa ==

Hi,

Welcome on the Hausa Wikipedia.

Sorry that this message is in English - we are very few editors here and most of us speak only basic/survival Hausa... so I'm very glad to see that someone who speaks fluently has just arrived.

Wishing you a good time contributing to this project (please spread the news around you, since it needs more Hausa speakers!),

--[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 14:30, 12 Agusta 2017 (UTC)
:Nagode [[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]], Zanyi kokari in jawo mutane don mu inganta [[w:ha:|Hausa Wikipedia]].
:Thank you [[user:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]], I will try to draw more people to help develop this [[w:ha:|Hausa Wikipedia]]. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:47, 10 Satumba 2017 (UTC)
::Congratulations on your recent edits! I just wanted to ask if you had received my email from last week (there is a project in order to promote Wikipedia among Hausa speakers that I would like to talk you about), and if not, at which email address I could reach out to you. Thanks a lot, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 14:03, 3 Oktoba 2017 (UTC)
:::Thanks Don. I have received it, and I will reply you there –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 21:23, 3 Oktoba 2017 (UTC)
::::I replied. [[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 12:48, 6 Oktoba 2017 (UTC)
:Hello, iam jalamcy2023 by name iam also a participant of Wikipedia, I used to edits in wikis, so iam try to filled the data support form but it refuse to open for me I don't no what's wrong, and I need the data because I don't have money to buy, please I need your help, so that I should continue my work in Wikipedia, I really enjoyed working with you. Thanks [[User:Jalamcy2023|Jalamcy2023]] ([[User talk:Jalamcy2023|talk]]) 14:28, 12 Satumba 2023 (UTC)

== Help ==

I am Hausa by tribe,and I am interested to start editing and creating some page need ur help don Camilo and ammar,sorry nt gud in speaking English. [[User:Slmdbr|Slmdbr]] ([[User talk:Slmdbr|talk]]) 15:20, 21 Oktoba 2017 (UTC)

==Translation of three sentences==

Dear Ammarpad,

I hope this finds you well.

[[User:Doc James|Doc James]] posted this request on my talk page, but sadly my Hausa is too weak to translate it correctly. Maybe you will be able to help him? Thanks a lot, kind regards, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 12:29, 8 Faburairu 2018 (UTC)

We are working on an offline distribution system for Wikipedia in Nigeria. Am needing help with the translation of the three sentences '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Internet-in-a-Box/Nigeria#Hausa here]'''. Wondering if you can help. Thanks [[User:Doc James|Doc James]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]]) 11:48, 8 Faburairu 2018 (UTC)
*@Doc James and DonCamillo. I have translated it. I will also send someone to translate the Igbo, if no one did. Thank you all. [[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 00:01, 15 Faburairu 2018 (UTC)
:Thanks a lot! :) --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 11:10, 5 Maris 2018 (UTC)

== Facebook page ==

Dear Ammar,

Just to mention that I have just created a Facebook page regarding the Hausa Wikipedia, in order to get more interest from Hausa-speaking people: you're welcome if you want to like it or share it with your friends: [https://www.facebook.com/HausaWikipedia/ Hausa Wikipedia]

Thanks a lot,
Kind regards, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 11:10, 5 Maris 2018 (UTC)
:Thanks a lot. I have seen it, will share too. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:48, 8 Maris 2018 (UTC)

== Neman Admin ==

Barka dai Mr.Ammarpad, Ina da matukar sha'awa sosai na taimaka a wannan shafin na hausa Wikipedia. Ni Bahaushe ne kuma ina gane Turanci, na fassara makaloli da dama daga Turanci Zuwa Hausa sabo da haka ne nake nema wannan shafin ya bani Admin domin karin tallafawa sosai. Nagode [[Abubakar A Gwanki]]
:[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki]] Naji dadin kasancewar ka bahaushe anan. Kasan babu Hausawa da yawa da zamu gina shi. Amma akwai shirye-shiryen da akeyi na farfado da it's. A wane gari kake zaune? –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 21:27, 11 Mayu 2018 (UTC)
::Mr.Ammarpad ina zaune ne a kauyen [[Gwanki]] na karamar hukumar [[Bagwai]] a jihar [[Kano]] Najeriya. [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]].
:::OK, da kwai shirin taro na musamman da ake fatan yi a Kano domin fadada wannan Wikipedia da kuma sawa dalibai suyi rubuta a nan, zan nemeka in sha Allah. Kuma idan ka gama rubuta bayani a shafin tattaunawa (kamar nan da muke magana) kawai ka rubuta (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;) guda hudu, banda bracket din, to zaka ga sunan ka, da kwanan wata, ya fito da kanshi. Kamar yadda zaka ga nawa a kasa. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:05, 12 Mayu 2018 (UTC)

== [[AuwalAzare]] ==

This page can be deleted (again), apparently. [[User:PlyrStar93|PlyrStar93]] ([[User talk:PlyrStar93|talk]]) 04:16, 16 Mayu 2018 (UTC)
:[[User:PlyrStar93|PlyStar93]]. Thanks. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 04:47, 16 Mayu 2018 (UTC)

== Auwal Azare ==

Barla dai malam Ammarpad, Wanda ya kirkiri wannan makalar ta '''Auwal Azare''' ya tubtubeni game da yadda za'ayi unblocking nashi. Idan da yadda za'ayi to a taimaka. Nagode AAgwanki 16:16, 19 Mayu 2018 (UTC)
:@[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Gwanki]] Bani na yi blocking din shi ba. Daga can babban shafin [[Special:CentralAuth/Auwall|Meta da Wikifidiya ta Truranci]] akayi blocking din shi. Sannn '''ka daina kirkirar article akan shi''', ci gaba da yin hakan za iya ja yayi blocking dinka. Wikipedia ba wurin talla bane, kuma ba kowa ake rubuta ma tarihi ba sai sannanun mutane na hakika irin yan siyasa da makamantansu. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 13:30, 21 Mayu 2018 (UTC)

== help ==

Please how to add reference and make template on Hausa articles.
It's hard to me. 
[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|AAGWANKI]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 07:39, 22 Mayu 2018 (UTC)
:@[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki]]: Yanzu babu template din anan sai an dauko su daga Wikipedia ta turanci. Amma idan kana son ka fiddo reference kawai kasa '''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt; .......&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;''' a karshen bayanin zaka ga reference din ya fito a kasa kamar haka (&lt;ref&gt;misali&lt;/ref&gt;). Inda ka ga nasa dash (....) sai ka sa link din bayanin wato kamar BBC Hausa. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 13:54, 25 Mayu 2018 (UTC)

== Databox ==

Hi Ammar,

Well done on the translation of technical messages, I had started this a long time ago but you are way better than me at this!

By the way, I have started to translate Wikidata properties into Hausa. This can be useful because since recently there is a new tool called Databox: it allows, with very simple code, to have an infobox with a lot of useful information on many articles: I have created [[Napoleon]] to give an example. As you can see all the properties are not translated yet into Hausa. It can enable us to create thousands of stubs here on the Hausa Wikipedia (or just add an infobox to the existing articles).

I have put some on [[User:DonCamillo|my userpage]], you can translate them here if you want, or translate them directly on Wikidata if you are familiar with the &quot;labels&quot; system.

Have a great day! Best regards, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 06:11, 9 Yuni 2018 (UTC)
:You're welcome {{@|DonCamillo}}, I will look into them and  do the appropriate thing. By the way, I  am working on new, more intuitive [[Wikipedia:Sabon babban shafi|main page here]], you can have a look and tweak as deem fit. You'll find some templates like [[Template:Articles needed|this]] and [[Template:Invite|this]] are transcluded, so they can be edited independent of main page. Thanks. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 19:12, 9 Yuni 2018 (UTC)

== Reason for deletion of the article Abubakar A Gwanki  ==

I have created many articles here in Hausa language Wikipedia, I didn't see anyone deleted but only one article of &quot;Abubakar A Gwanki&quot;  why is being deleted?  Nasan Dai dukkan makalolin da na kirkira shima kamar sauran ne amma kuma sai shi kadai ne naga ka goge shi. __ [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|AAGWANKI]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 17:14, 11 Yuni 2018 (UTC)
:{{@|Abubakar A Gwanki}} Ina so in tabbatar ma abun da kake yi a Hausa Wikipedia kana kokari, kuma ina fatan ka ida fahimtar ta baki daya. Na dauki number wayarka zan neme ka mu tattauna abubuwa da dama. Amma ka daina kirkirar mukala akanka ko wani abokinka. Mukalar insakulofidiya ana rubuta ta ne kawai akan mutane fitatattu na gaskiya. Shiya sa kaga aka goge [[:en:Abubakar A Gwanki|abunda ka rubuta a Wikipedia ta turanci]]. Na gode. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:38, 11 Yuni 2018 (UTC)

== Translation request ==
Hello! May I ask you for a translation of the phrase '''Automatic refresh''' into {{#language:ha}}? Thanks [[User:-XQV-|-XQV-]] ([[User talk:-XQV-|talk]]) 18:23, 20 ga Yuni, 2018 (UTC)
:Will do that on translatewiki –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 18:05, 26 ga Yuni, 2018 (UTC)
::It is not a MediaWiki message; just my own request. [[User:-XQV-|-XQV-]] ([[User talk:-XQV-|talk]]) 19:43, 27 ga Yuni, 2018 (UTC)

== Neman taimako Daga Abdulmalik mansur sharif ==

Assalamu alaikum Ammarpad, Sunana abdulmalik mansur sharif a garin kano nake ni dalibi ne maison bincike, karance-karance da kuma rubutu musamman sanin tarihi dan Allah inaso a bani dama kuma asakani a hanya nayi wasu rubutun ta yadda zan anfanar da al'ummar hausawa, nadanyi wani Karin bayani akan tarihi Michael Jackson zaku iya dubawa Ku gani Dan Allah. Ina data zaku taimakeni. 
:Sannu da zuwa {{@|Ameer Maleek}} na duba gyaran da kayi kuma nayi farin ciki. A halin yanzu da kwai hausawa yan kadan a shafin, ina fatan zaka ci gaba da ziyartar shi lokaci lokaci. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:56, 7 ga Yuli, 2018 (UTC)

== Godiya  ==

Na gode in Allah ya yarda zanci gaba da bada gudun mowa Dari bisa dari kuma Dan idan kuna da wata kungiya inaso nazama member saboda na kara kwarewa Na kuma samu Karin ilimi da kuma hanyar da zan inganta rubuce rubuce Na. Na gode
:{{@|Ameer Maleek}} OK, ka ban numbarka ta waya, zan neme ka. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:46, 13 ga Yuli, 2018 (UTC)

aslm wai wannan malamin yana ina azaune

Lamba: 08160956607
Gari: kano Nigeria

== [[Kira]] ==

Hi Ammarpad, sorry for writing in English. An IP has blanked the page above, do you think it was correct? If it was we can delete it. Regards [[User:DARIO SEVERI|DARIO SEVERI]] ([[User talk:DARIO SEVERI|talk]]) 05:58, 15 ga Augusta, 2018 (UTC)
:Hi {{@|DARIO SEVERI}} I have restored it and will develop it very soon. It is useful stub about [[:en:Blacsmith|Blacksmithing]]. Thank you. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 06:39, 15 ga Augusta, 2018 (UTC)

== David oyedepo ==

Wanene crista

== WAM 2018 ==

Salam Ammarpad,  Bansan ko zaka shiga cikin wannan gasar ba, amma idan kanada sha'awa zaka iya shiga, ka duba Karin bayani anan [[Wikipedia:Watan Yan'Asiya]]. Nagode.  [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 21:24, 8 Nuwamba, 2018 (UTC)

== Hausa Wikimedians User Group ==

Hello! [[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] I would like to let you know that I have started our Hausa editors community user group [[meta:Hausa Wikimedians User Group|Hausa Wikimedians User Group]] in order to have a connected and collaborative working environment, that would serve as a primary place for co-ordinating of activities that would support us all in our editing and order related endeavors to improve and make quality contents of the Wikimedia projects. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 12:39, 13 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC)
:Thanks {{@|The Living love}}, I will take a look. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:26, 13 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC)

Hello {{@|Ammarpad}}, I'm sorry for contacting you here lately but I've sent you a message through WhatsApp earlier. I've spoken with {{@|DonCamillo}} regarding the application for recognition of our UG Hausa Wikimedians as I earlier told you about, and he's given 100% support for it. I hope to hear from you after seeing my messages. Thanks
[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 14:32, 8 ga Faburairu, 2019 (UTC)
:Hello [[user:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]], as I told you, the [[meta:Hausa Wikimedians User Group|Hausa Wikimedians User Group]] is already on recognition process with the affiliation Committee of the '''WMF''', but the changes you've made just recently has changed everything in the application form we sent, and this has affected the mission which is very crucial. Please let us adhere to the previous name and design of the group. I would also start a discussion on the home page of the project on how we can select boards and audit committee for the group. As founding members I, you and [[user:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]]'s email were all sent to the AffCom committee and I hope they would certainly contact you. If permitted I can undo all the changes or you do it yourself, and if otherwise please let me know. Thanks -[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 02:55, 13 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC)
::Zanyi reply ta WhatsApp. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 18:35, 14 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC)
:Slm [[user:Ammarpad|Ammar]] na maka magana ta whatsapp da email, dangane da message din da AffCom suka dawo dashi. Yanzu bansan me zaka ce ba.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 14:28, 7 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC)
::Nayi reply. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:49, 8 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC)

== Moustapha ==

Hakananna sai nayi nazari

== I-mel  ==

Sannu! Na turo maka sakon I-mel. 
Na gode.  [[User:Engr Muhammad Khamis|Engr Muhammad Khamis]] ([[User talk:Engr Muhammad Khamis|talk]]) 09:11, 10 ga Faburairu, 2019 (UTC)

narda

== Gyara ==

Barka da rana!
Ina son Na ankarar da admins wata matsala da na gano ta a wannan shafin. Matsalar kuwa itace mu masu amfani da wayoyi wajen editing wannan shafin baya bude mana a Babban Shafi (desktop version), Idan da mai yiwuwa to a gyara. - [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 11:56, 4 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC)
:{{@|Abubakar A Gwanki}} OK, ina ganin wannan haka site din yake ne. Yanzu kaga nima ina kan wayar hannu ne, in kana son komawa desktop version, saidai ka latsa &quot;Babban shafi&quot; da kanka, zaka ga wurin a can kasan kowane shafi. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 12:08, 4 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC)

== gidanhaki ==

Gidanhaki dai shiya ce mai din bin tarifi ta kafune tun da zuwan shehu uthaman bin fodiyo allah shi yarda dashi izuwa kawo yanzu sai dai karin suna datakeyi a sassa daban daban da fannin muhammad sani gidanhaki

Slm ammarpad dan allah inaso na kirkiri shafuka na hausa

Assalam

== Kwankwaso,s wife ==

Kwankwaso,s wife

== Various requests ==
Hello, Could you please:
*Replace the [[MediaWiki:Common.css|Hausa wiki css]] with the [[:en:MediaWiki:Common.css|english wiki css]]. It fixes, amongst others, the position of the infoboxes.
*Delete these two pages: [[Template:Wikibase]], [[Module:Wikibase]].
*Edit these localization pages (Just modify the values on the right hand side): 
**[[Template:Infobox biography/localize]].
**[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/basketball/localize]].
**[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/football/localize]].
**[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/tennis/localize]].

Thanks. [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 18:23, 15 Mayu 2019 (UTC)

== Alijos A Shehu ==

Sunan DUNiYA

== Ibrahim kabiru gagarawa ==

Ina Neman yadda zan bude account na Wikipedia
:{{@| 197.210.47.39}} Ka shiga [[Special:CreateAccount]]. Ko kuma ka tura man sunanka da email ta email dina &lt;code&gt;ammar@wikimedia.org.ng&lt;/code&gt;. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:04, 13 ga Yuni, 2019 (UTC)

== Muhamadu ==

Salm YA AKEBUDE EMAIL

== yusuf ==

Ibrahim

== sa idu musa ==

riji yan gwamgwam jido  dawakin  kudu  kano

== sa idu  musa rijiya gwamgwam jido dawakin kudu  IP ==

Yayi daidai kobaiyiba  awayar mindakai

== 88465702 ==

Kaka ari

== layisantara ==

lawal ninazauna awurare dabandaba naungowa natashi dagabayan garin daura  sunwajan gari shadam bu

== Aslm barkan'mu da warhaka ina mana patan alkhairi baki daya yan uwana musilmai  ==

Ina godiya ga allah daya bamu damar yadda damu kasance atare da juna

== babani ==

112202

== Translation ==

I want to know if I can translate a Wikipedia article from 'English Wikipedia' to 'Hausa Wikipedia'. If yes, I want to know more about it. Thanks.

== ibraheem Adamu gumel jigawa state ==

barkanku DA 
fatan kuna lafeeya I want be among members of this organization

 wannni yafara shugaban kasa a nejire

== Neman taimako ==

Barkanku da aiki, ni sunana ABDULMALIK MANSUR ina zaune a garin kano nayi rijista da wannan shafi ne domin nima na bada gudunmowa. Dan Allah ina bukatar shawarwarinku da kuma taimakon ku na gode.

Godiya [[User:Maliky|Maliky]] ([[User talk:Maliky|talk]]) 17:25, 13 ga Augusta, 2020 (UTC)
:Yawwa {{@|Maliky}} Barka da zuwa, kamar dame dame kake bukatar ka sani? –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 22:31, 16 ga Augusta, 2020 (UTC)

Kamar yadda ake yin table da kuma saka hoto. [[User:Maliky|Maliky]] ([[User talk:Maliky|talk]]) 11:41, 14 Satumba 2020 (UTC)

== Muhammad Huwaidahu sufi  ==

Facebook 
Wkslm lafiya kalau

== 0852 ==

Aa

== Aliyu iliyasu dangada ==

Nima inaso nabada gudummawa sosai Dan kara bunkasa yaren hausa innasamu damar hakan dukda ba sosai nake fashintar turanciba amma ina ganeshi 
misali wasu kalmomi da zamuso agyagygyara kuma muna munna da akasamar da wannan shafin 
muna jinjina maka matuka very good,
[[Special:Contributions/105.112.25.48|105.112.25.48]] 10:00, 7 Oktoba 2020 (UTC)
:Yawwa yayi kyau, kuma muna maraba daku. Zaka iya shiga group dinmu na WhatsApp domin ci gaba da tattaunawa da kuma sanin shirye shiryen mu. Kuma ya kamata ka [[Special:CreateAccount|kirkiri sabon account]] don ka samu username na dindindin. Kana iya sake tambaya na idan kana neman karin bayani. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:09, 7 Oktoba 2020 (UTC)

== ismail ==

Labaran duniya

== Abdullahi dahiru odo ogun ==

Barkan muda warhaka!
:Yawwa. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 11:58, 31 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC)

== na kirkira mukala ==

Ya zan sanya reference
::Ka duba shafinka na tattaunawa na anyi maka bayanin hakan. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:08, 16 ga Faburairu, 2021 (UTC)

== From ==

Ghy

== J k musa yaro ==

Son annabi shine so har abada shine son da mutum zai rika ya amfanar dashi duniya da lahira

Allah kasa mudace allah kasamu cekinyan tatu bayin ka

Asslm dan Allah ina da tambaya idan kana kusa

== mansir isah ==

unguwar.magaji. kakngi.giwa.area.Kaduna.state

Crawle

== aminuidris0808811 ==

aminuiris

== Auwal dalladi kargi ==

An haifi auwal a ranar 01/06/2000

== Databox ==

Asslm. Ammar ya ake sanya databox. Na yi translation na [[Jami'ar Jos]] amman daga baya naga '''Uncle bash''' ya saka databox. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 08:38, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC)

:@[[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]], Za ka rubuta &lt;nowiki&gt;{{databox}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; ne a farkon article din. Har da brackets (braces) din. Daga nan zaka ga information din ya fito. A wani article din kuma ba zaka gani ba, amma duk daya ne. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 12:04, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC)
::@[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]], na saka ma [[Jami'ar Jihar Kaduna]] yayi. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 16:34, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC)

==Neman shawara==
Masha Allah

Gaskiya naji dadi sosai kasancewar ansamu mai kula da page na Wikipedia da Hausa hakan ba qaramin cigaba ne ba ace Yaren Hausa yasamu irin wannan daukaka ta hanyar Mr.Ammarpad.

Mr. Ammarpad ina jinjina a gareka,Allah yaqara daukaka,yayimaka jagora adukan lamurranka.

A qarshe ina neman shawarar ka akan yadda za,ayi nabudawa garina Salame Wikipedia,Kasancewar Salame tsohon garine mai dinbin tarihi a daular Usmaniyya Wanda shine mahaifar Sheik Abdulqadir bn Mustafa alturud Salame.
Daga Kabiru Aliyu Salame,Gwadabawa local government,Sokoto state,Nigeria. [[User:Kabir salame|Kabir salame]] ([[User talk:Kabir salame|talk]]) 18:54, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC)

:Barka da zuwa Malam Kabir, muna farin ciki da zuwanka.
:Ka duba tutorial din mu: [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]] akwai bayani sosae akan yadda zaka yi gyara da ƙirƙira sabbin muƙaloli a Wikipedia.
:Akwai kuma bayani na musamman a wannan shafin shima: [[Wikipedia:Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:46, 14 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC)

&lt;u&gt;ja layi&lt;/u&gt; COMMUNIYT SYSTERM ALL THE USE VALU TRY [[Special:Contributions/197.210.70.246|197.210.70.246]] 23:09, 7 Disamba 2022 (UTC)

== Jami u lawal ==

Allah yajikan zulaihatu

== Databox ==

Barka da safe, Ammar,

Ina fata kana lafiya. Congratulations on the work you are doing to add &quot;databox&quot; to articles where it was missing! I have been doing that manually for a long time but you have very clearly found a faster way to do it. :) Could you tell me which tool you are using? Nagode sosai, –[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 07:00, 22 ga Faburairu, 2023 (UTC)
:Barka da yau {{@|DonCamillo|p=}} and sannu da ƙoƙari. Yes yana da wahala manually and can be quite slow. Ina amfani ne da custom PHP code ta hanyar [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=help&amp;modules=edit module na editing], ba tool bane dake a kan wiki ba. Nagode. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 21:00, 22 ga Faburairu, 2023 (UTC)

== Saifillahi Abdullahi mlf ==

Kaura ne katsina

SANI ABAKAR S D P SOKOTO WAMAKKO LG  RUGGAR MONDE AR

== Abia ==

Anyinasarar kama dantaaddaa'ngelzarma'jihar yobe karamunhukumar fune

== ILIYASU UMAR KANYA BABBA JIGAWA ==

ILIYASU UMAR KANYA BABBA JIGAWA

== FUNAKAA ==

FUNAKAA

agaskiya inada tambaya

to kamar ita wannan kasar ta jamhoriyar nijar wane laifine muhammadu bazoum yake dashi har sukan yimasa juyi mulki

== Gaisuwa ==

Na gode kwarai,muna alfahari daku wurin nuna kulawa akan mu, Godiya nake [[User:El-Abdallaah|El-Abdallaah]] ([[User talk:El-Abdallaah|talk]]) 07:59, 31 ga Augusta, 2023 (UTC)

:Nagode, @[[User:El-Abdallaah|El-Abdallaah]]. Barka da ƙoƙari. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 22:53, 1 Satumba 2023 (UTC)

== Usman abubakar  ==

Ita rayuwa wace abace da Allah madau kakin sarki yatsa ramana ita

== ci kekken sunan saiyadina abubakar ==

Ci kekken sunan saiyadina abubakar [[Special:Contributions/105.112.235.123|105.112.235.123]] 15:56, 9 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

== maganin daji ==

maganin daji [[Special:Contributions/2C0F:ECF0:661:3B00:784B:D816:34A7:3ED6|2C0F:ECF0:661:3B00:784B:D816:34A7:3ED6]] 20:01, 19 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

== Ali musa  ==

An haife shi

Chida ga watan Oktoba

1986 cikin@

gari gidan kube @

dake jahar maradi 

[[Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism]] [[Special:Contributions/41.254.48.53|41.254.48.53]] 21:45, 24 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

== Rigar kusa ==

&quot;Rigar kusa&quot; kauye ne dake karamar hukumar musawa katsina state.
Rigar kusa kauye ne mai dauke dauke da yawa matasa da kuma dattawa masana sunce rigar kusa tsohon gari ne.
Rigarkusa kauyika da dama yahada da yar kiya,sabongida slow,bambama da sauransu.
Tana wutar nantarki da asibiti da makaranta primary da nasury.

== Ghana Boy 055 ==


Chapiou


@ [[Special:Contributions/154.160.9.24|154.160.9.24]] 12:09, 21 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC)

== ALIYO ==

BORNO

== Namespaces ==

Hi!

You [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3A%C6%98ofan_al%27umma&amp;diff=213527&amp;oldid=181184 emptied] the page &quot;Wikipedia:Ƙofan al'umma&quot; some time ago.

There was a section I added there with a question about namespace names. It can be seen here in an old revision: [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:%C6%98ofan_al%27umma&amp;oldid=181178#Namespaces

You know the Hausa language, and you are also very experienced with MediaWiki. Can you please check the table and tell me whether the proposed names are good?

Thanks! [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 18:30, 11 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC)

:I made a new section about this here: [[Wikipedia:Kofan al'umma#Namespace name translations]]. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 20:01, 12 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC)

== Shehu gibirima  ==

Shehu gibirima [[Musamman:Contributions/102.91.4.40|102.91.4.40]] 19:03, 24 ga Yuni, 2024 (UTC)

== Salisu garba ==

Assalamu alaikum inason tan baya kozan shiwaka tana da sinada rin ciwon tayi pot

== Shin taya gobarar greenhouse katsina ta faru ==

Shin taya gobarar greenhouse katsina ta faru [[Musamman:Contributions/105.112.117.72|105.112.117.72]] 13:47, 28 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC)

== ABDULRAHMAN HARUNA ==

KADUNA

== Bbca ==

A

== HAUSA RIGAR SILKE ==

DUK WANI ABU DA YA SHAFI INGANTA HARSHEN HAUSA DA HAƁAKATA [[User:ƊANDOGO BUNGUƊU|ƊANDOGO BUNGUƊU]] ([[User talk:ƊANDOGO BUNGUƊU|talk]]) 15:05, 2 ga Maris, 2025 (UTC)

== shaaibu ==

JIGAWA

== SHEHU USMANU ==

GADA BUNGUDU ZAMFARA NIGERIA

== AmmarBot for Swahili Wikipedia ==

Hello brother,

I hope you are doing great after the series of sessions at Wikimania. I also hope you've returned safely to your home country.

I was just asking about the bot issue which I shared with you back in Nairobi. Any progress so far? [[User:Muddyb|Muddyb]] ([[User talk:Muddyb|talk]]) 12:36, 15 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

:Hello @[[User:Muddyb|Muddyb]], I am fine. I hope you reached home safely too. 
:I have set up the code now, I just need the translated text. Please share the welcome text. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:22, 16 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)
::Hello back @[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]]. I have replied to the email.  [[User:Muddyb|Muddyb]] ([[User talk:Muddyb|talk]]) 17:46, 17 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

== 7 ==

uyt [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2025-29458-90|&amp;#126;2025-29458-90]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2025-29458-90|talk]]) 17:51, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

Taba nono na mace

== Lawan abdulhamid ==

Lawan abdulhamid kano

MIYzansa

== Nakasa yin rijista  ==

Nakasa yin rajista miyasane

== SLM ==

SLM

== Isma.il.abdul.yar.runfa ==

 08142754552

Aslm da farko sunana Abdul'aziz Anas ni ina yankin malumfashi ne '''mazaunin yakinkin karamar hukumar malumfashi garin YABA  taken wanna rubutu da nakeyi shine ina da burin naga na wallafar da wani littafi Wanda na rubuta na da mashi suna rayuwar mu a yau .Wannan shine taken Wannan rubutu''' [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-11554-74|&amp;#126;2026-11554-74]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-11554-74|talk]]) 13:02, 21 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC)

== Suleman yakubu yargaba alhaji ==


suleman yakubu yargaba alhaji 

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-11940-32|&amp;#126;2026-11940-32]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-11940-32|talk]]) 22:34, 22 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC)

== Dodik ==

imomaliyev [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-12770-62|&amp;#126;2026-12770-62]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-12770-62|talk]]) 13:18, 26 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC)

== Fulani daneji ==

danejawa

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-12974-74|&amp;#126;2026-12974-74]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-12974-74|talk]]) 22:35, 27 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC)

== Tarihin fulani daneji ==

danejawa [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-12974-74|&amp;#126;2026-12974-74]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-12974-74|talk]]) 22:36, 27 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC)

== NURA FADA MUHAMMED ==

assalama alaikum waramatullah ta alawabar katuhum dafar kodai sunana NURA FADA MUHAMMED MUBI kemikagai suwaga shugabannin kasarmu najeriya dakuma sauran gomnonin jahohin dake afadin najeriya tareda rokon allah subahanahu wata alamadaukakin yabawa shugaban kasar nigeria nisan kona da yawan nasarar wajenganin anshimma wannan zaben dayatinkaromu nashekara ta 2027 alfarman annabi tareda rokonku dan allah dan annabin allah idon allah yasa wanan sakon taje indanake keutata zato taje todan allah kuyikokarin nemoni a number tawa don da sauran bayanin ne al,umar najeriya 07025450283, inajiranku

== inason zuwa gambiya  ==

neman aure zasu bani [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-13669-78|&amp;#126;2026-13669-78]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-13669-78|talk]]) 02:28, 3 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Nazifi ==

yes [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-13801-80|&amp;#126;2026-13801-80]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-13801-80|talk]]) 16:48, 3 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Usmanisah01234@gmail.com  ==

Usmanu [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-14055-73|&amp;#126;2026-14055-73]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-14055-73|talk]]) 20:11, 4 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== AISHA ABDULLAHI ==

assalama alaikum mutanen wikipedia hausa

== Abdul Aziz  ==

Ssdf [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-14413-94|&amp;#126;2026-14413-94]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-14413-94|talk]]) 07:21, 6 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== YAHAYA MUSA  ==

6/3/2026

Ni atemakeni bandasanaa

== Isah Abubakar ==

￼kaduna steste nigeria

￼inaneman temaku kudi 


[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-14783-76|&amp;#126;2026-14783-76]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-14783-76|talk]]) 05:47, 8 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Help ==

Please help me improve [[Gaza genocide|this]] article I recently created; my Hausa language skills are poor. Also, please add [[:en:Gaza_genocide|this]] article to the Hausa Wikipedia as it is important. Thank you. [[User:جودت|جودت]] ([[User talk:جودت|talk]]) 15:48, 8 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Tsakanin sani jingir da Bala lau waye shugaban izalah ==

Tsakanin sani jingir da Bala lau waye shugaban izalah [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-14911-34|&amp;#126;2026-14911-34]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-14911-34|talk]]) 18:45, 8 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== INASONASHIGA ==

WALLAHI

== Alkasim  ==

alkasim  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-15496-73|&amp;#126;2026-15496-73]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-15496-73|talk]]) 13:39, 11 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Alkasim  ==

alkasim  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-15496-73|&amp;#126;2026-15496-73]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-15496-73|talk]]) 13:40, 11 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

Jahan dosso partama nawa ne Garett [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-15494-30|&amp;#126;2026-15494-30]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-15494-30|talk]]) 23:24, 11 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Auwalu mansur gaya  ==

A garin gaya na bada tallafin Ramadan a Kofar gidan Sarkin garin Wanda ya hada da shinkafa da wake da ruwan Leda da lemon fata

== Block review ==

Hi! Could I ask for your review of the block on [[Musamman:Contributions/Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] placed by a global sysop roughly a year ago? If you do not think their contributions necessitate it, I'd recommend removing the block.

The short version on my end is that [[Special:CentralAuth/Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] created a new account, [[Special:CentralAuth/Adamu mc|Adamu mc]], after their account was blocked and subsequently locked. I identified this yesterday and globally blocked the new account. However, reviewing their edits, I don't think they're actually connected to AhmedMustafaaaa. If their contributions to this wiki do not warrant a block, removing their previous account's block would be useful. Thanks for your time, and let me know if I should send this request elsewhere. Best, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 18:40, 16 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

:Hi @[[User:Vermont|Vermont]], I am not very familiar with this user, but from looking at the accounts involved, I agree they are the least likely to be AhmedMustafaaaa. Although [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] appears to be independently blocked on Wikidata and MediaWiki.org for unrelated reasons, their actions here on this wiki are quite acceptable and do not warrant a block.
:I am fine with removing the block from the older account. However, it is worth noting that they created Adamu_ab about a month before the first account was blocked. They then immediately switched to the second account on the day the first was blocked. They need to stick to a single account and appeal blocks from there. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:33, 18 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]]: Indeed - part of a global unblock for them would be a commitment to using a single account, and the old account will likely remain locked. Thanks for looking into this. [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 14:49, 18 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Jimi boi gk ==

Washer boi

== (Ibrahim bako) ==

Bissimillahi rahamani rahim

== Zanshuga ==

masha Allah  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-17709-67|&amp;#126;2026-17709-67]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-17709-67|talk]]) 20:02, 21 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

@[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-17806-26|&amp;#126;2026-17806-26]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-17806-26|talk]]) 22:04, 21 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== I need to edit  ==

yusuf bin shaik  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-18422-17|&amp;#126;2026-18422-17]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-18422-17|talk]]) 01:37, 25 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Dari daya ==

Litafi dari daya

== Gali ==

Gufanar da mal. Nasir el rufa'i a gabar kotu

== ALI ISA JC NAWA ==

CHAM

== Sai anjima ==


sai anjima 

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-19045-00|&amp;#126;2026-19045-00]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-19045-00|talk]]) 11:00, 27 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== xxwxx ==

pap pu wwxx [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-19636-09|&amp;#126;2026-19636-09]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-19636-09|talk]]) 18:16, 29 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Masaudu  ==

Ina son koyon NAHAWU 


[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20180-81|&amp;#126;2026-20180-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20180-81|talk]]) 10:05, 1 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Ina bukatar taimakonku ==

Ina bukatar taimakonku [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20156-98|&amp;#126;2026-20156-98]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20156-98|talk]]) 12:50, 1 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Menene amfanin na'a na'a. ==

Menene amfanin na'a na'a. [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20503-90|&amp;#126;2026-20503-90]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20503-90|talk]]) 01:46, 3 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Learning physics topics  ==

Explain why ph [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20678-19|&amp;#126;2026-20678-19]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20678-19|talk]]) 08:30, 4 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== ١٢٣٤٥ ==

روحاني [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20875-04|&amp;#126;2026-20875-04]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20875-04|talk]]) 15:56, 4 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Chrome ==

روحاني [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20860-61|&amp;#126;2026-20860-61]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20860-61|talk]]) 16:09, 4 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Inason shiga kasara ==

yanada sauki kokuma yabinyake Kuma yakudian kasar suke


[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-21619-45|&amp;#126;2026-21619-45]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-21619-45|talk]]) 15:43, 7 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Fty ==

Fg [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-21613-47|&amp;#126;2026-21613-47]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-21613-47|talk]]) 04:11, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Alikirashi45  ==

alikirashi

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-21759-98|&amp;#126;2026-21759-98]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-21759-98|talk]]) 11:05, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Alikirashi45  ==

alikirashi

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-21759-98|&amp;#126;2026-21759-98]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-21759-98|talk]]) 11:06, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Jibril auwal hamza ==

Inaso Na goge asusuna Na access bank Nada Wani asusuna Yaya zanyi domin Yin hakan

== Usseni.  Ibbirashim ==

08133144879 [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23155-49|&amp;#126;2026-23155-49]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-23155-49|talk]]) 14:59, 14 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Correction  ==

The image of the statue, is not of Tullio Moneta but that of his Uncle/Great uncle, Ernesto Theodore Moneta. 


Tullio lived in Johannesburg, South Africa, not Durban. Mike Hoare lived in the Durban area.


Wikipedia is a popular site as a source of credible information. Please be certain of facts before posting information on people. Thank you.  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23654-39|&amp;#126;2026-23654-39]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-23654-39|talk]]) 17:00, 16 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Ahmad Rufai  ==

Ahmad Rufai [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23571-21|&amp;#126;2026-23571-21]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-23571-21|talk]]) 23:36, 16 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Sutura ==

Sutura [[User:Ahamad roufaï|Ahamad roufaï]] ([[User talk:Ahamad roufaï|talk]]) 23:44, 16 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Wai dan Allah Da gaskene Akwai duniya Asama kamar wannan duniyar tamu  ==

Wai dan Allah Da gaskene Akwai duniya Asama kamar wannan duniyar tamu  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-24499-81|&amp;#126;2026-24499-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-24499-81|talk]]) 09:23, 22 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Misali kasa ko bishyu haka ==

Wai dan Allah Da gaskene Akwai duniya Asama kamar wannan duniyar tamu  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-24499-81|&amp;#126;2026-24499-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-24499-81|talk]]) 09:24, 22 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Alhamdu lillah  ==

masha Allah  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-24815-45|&amp;#126;2026-24815-45]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-24815-45|talk]]) 16:13, 22 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Itaciyyar zamani  ==

shin tayaya Zan Iya gabatar Da darasi Mai Anfani a wannan gida Dan cigaban Al,umma GABA daya . Zan so in Samu damar Hakan in sha Allah. [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-25442-87|&amp;#126;2026-25442-87]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-25442-87|talk]]) 13:35, 26 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Greetings,

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years.

This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required.

The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will week between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run.

In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 18:33, 28 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&amp;oldid=30471754 --&gt;

== Ahamad Abba ==

Ahamad Abba [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-29423-27|&amp;#126;2026-29423-27]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-29423-27|talk]]) 10:10, 16 Mayu 2026 (UTC)

== Nazifi  ==

abdullashi [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-29619-62|&amp;#126;2026-29619-62]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-29619-62|talk]]) 23:58, 16 Mayu 2026 (UTC)

== Dan Allah Ina so na koya likitsnci ==

Abdulrrhaman  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-29631-59|&amp;#126;2026-29631-59]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-29631-59|talk]]) 06:30, 17 Mayu 2026 (UTC)

== Brk ==

a [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-30415-61|&amp;#126;2026-30415-61]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-30415-61|talk]]) 23:44, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>opadh8j5432367ucp0qzbmc8fgkydme</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
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    <title>Shehu Shagari</title>
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      <comment>Replacing Heads_of_State_Cancun_Summit_1981.jpg with [[File:Reagan_Thatcher_Boigny_Sattar_Benjedid_Genscher_Trudeau_Portillo_Fahd_Pahr_Guerreiro_Ziyang_Marcos_Kraigher_Nyerere_Suzuki_Burnham_Mitterrand_Gandhi_Shagari_Falldin_Campins_Waldheim_-_DPLA_-_a9b3</comment>
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'''Shehu Shagari''' Ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne. An haife shi a ranar ashirin da biyar 25 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da Ashirin da Biyar 1925 a garin [[Shagari, Najeriya|Shagari]], [[Arewacin Najeriya]] (a yau [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]])&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. &lt;/ref&gt;, ya kuma rasu ne a ranar ashirin da Takwas 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 bayan jinya da gajeriyar rashin lafiya da ya yi a wani asibiti dake [[Abuja]]. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara casa'in da uku (93) da haihuwa. Shehu Shagari ya zama [[Shugaban Najeriya|shugaban ƙasar Najeriya]] a watan Oktoban shekara ta alif  dari tara da Saba'in da tara (1979), inda ya yi mulki har zuwa Disamban shekara ta alif da ɗari tara da tamanin da uku (1983), wanda sojoji suka kwace mulki a hunnunsa, a jagorancin [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Shehu Shagari shine shugaban Najeriya da ya hau mulki ta sanadiyar zaɓe na farko.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1537778-tarihin-mulkin-najeriya-jerin-shugabannin-najeriya-16-da-kuma-jihohin-da-suka-fito/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya bayar da mulkin zuwa ga farar hula, a dalilin haka da matsi da mulkin sojoji ke fuskanta, ga rashin yin kataɓus, ganin hakan ne dai yasa Obasanjon ya bayar da mulkin amma ba'a kai ko’ina ba sai sojojin suka sake dawowa suka ƙwace mulki daga hannun farar hula, inda suka zargi mulkinsa da cin hanci da rashawa, haka ne ne dai ya kai ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ga zama shugaban Ƙasa a wancan lokacin.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/09/shehu-shagari-obituary&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/12/28/life-and-time-of-alhaji-shehu-shagari/&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:President Sharari of Nigeria is greeted by BGEN Archer Durham upon his arrival for a visit. Andrews AFB.jpg|thumb|Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Shehu Shagari]]
[[File:Reagan Thatcher Boigny Sattar Benjedid Genscher Trudeau Portillo Fahd Pahr Guerreiro Ziyang Marcos Kraigher Nyerere Suzuki Burnham Mitterrand Gandhi Shagari Falldin Campins Waldheim - DPLA - a9b3d3e36d8e15226f167727a0e6aafe.jpg|thumb|Taron shugabannin kasashen a shekara 1981]]

== Tarihi ==
[[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shehu Shagari ya samo asali ne daga Muhammadu,wanda ɗan uwan kakan-kakan Shehu Shagari ne, Makiyayi ne kuma yana yawo da iyalansa baki ɗaya. Kuma an nuna cewa  sun zauna a sifawa a shekara ta 1810, kuma ya zama daga cikin dakarun Shehu [[Usman Ɗan Fodiyo]]&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;. Hakazalika [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shagari wani wuri ne wanda ya samo asali lokacin Shehu Ɗan Fodio sun tsaya tare da mutanen Muhammadu a wani wuri domin hutawa, sai dan Fodiyo yace, &quot;Ku Sha Gari” (Fura da Nono). Daga nan aka sanya ma wurin Shagari, shi kuma shugaban Muhammadu Shagari.  Muhammadu Shehu Shagari ya rasu kuma an binne shi a [[Shifawa]], inda aka binne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo. Muhammadu Shagari ya rasu ya bar ƴaƴa biyu Usman Da Iggi, wanda Iggi ne babba kuma an naɗa Iggi a matsayin magajin Shagari watau shugaban garin [[Shagari (Najeriya)|Shagari (Najeriya)]]. Bayan nadin sarautan Magajin Shagari, Igge tare da kawunsa Shehu dan Fodiyo suka ƙaro dakarun tsaro kuma aka zagaye garin Shagari da ganuwa&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 5. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;.  Daga nan garin Shagari ya fara bunƙasa a harkokin kasuwanci har ma ya mamaye ƙauyukan Sokoto ta kudu&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;.Ƴan kasuwa da matafiya kan yaɗa zango a garin Shagari a duk lokacin da dare yayi musu. Saboda mutanen garin suna da kara da kyawawan ɗabi'u da halaye masu kyau. Garin Shagari ya zama amintaccen gari mai zaman lafiya duk da yaƙe-yaƙe da akai ta yi a ƙarni na 19th  a ƙarƙashin magajin Shagarin. Sarautar Sokoto ƙarƙashin shari’ar musulunci&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;.

Bayan [[Turawa]] sun kama [[Sokoto]], sababbin ƙauyuka sun samu an sanya garin Shagari ƙarƙashin mulkin Yabo&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;. Muhammadu Basharu ɗan Magaji Rufa’i ya sake zama magajin Shagari duk da sun rasa mulki bayan da Turawa suka zo. A lokacin da aka haɗa Kudanci da [[Arewacin Najeriya]], a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sha huɗu (1914) aka naɗa Aliyu baban Shehu Shagari wanda ya gaji Galadima Bayan rasuwarsa da karɓar mulki daga hannun Muhammadu Basharu&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;. Bayan ƙirƙirar Jihohi, da ƙananan hukumomi a 1996, shagari ya zama sabon cibiyar ƙaramar hukumar- da yawan mutane 83,540 a ƙauyuka 10 dake ƙarƙashinsa. Garin Shagari Ya rasa mutane dalilin sabbin hanyoyin kasuwanci na zamani&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;. Duk da garin Shagari ba wata muhimmiyar alƙarya bace, amma [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa garin ya wanzu cikin zaman lafiya da riƙon amana kusan mutanen garin na kula da harkokin gabansu ba tare da katsalandan ba&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;.  

[[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa an haifi Shehu Shagari ne a ranar Laraba 8 ga watan [[Sha’aban]] (watan musulunci) a Shekarar 1925&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;.&lt;sup&gt;(p14) Mahaifiyar&lt;/sup&gt; Shehu Shagari na kiransa da inkiya Balarabe, saboda an haifeshi a Sha’aban&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;.  Asalin sunan Shehu Shagari “Usman” wanda ya samo asali daga [[Uthman Ibn Affan]] sannan kuma sunan kakansa ne ƙanin Muhammadu shagari (wanda ya ƙirƙiro garin shagari) hakazalika sunan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 14-15 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;. [[Hausawa]] kan kira Usman Shehu. Shehu shagari ɗa na uku ne a wajen mahifiyarsa&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 8. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Rayuwa da Ilimi ==
Shehu shagari ya fara ganin mota a rayuwarsa a lokacin yana dan shekara biyar a shekarar 1930, lokacin da [[sultan muhammadu Tambari]] (1925-1931) yazo garin Shagari ya kwana a gidan shehu shagari. &lt;sup&gt;(p16&lt;/sup&gt;Tarihi ya nuna tun kafin a tura shehu shagari makarantar boko ya riga ya koyi ilimin addinin musulunci a wurin iyayensa da kuma manyan malamai&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 17. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;. &lt;sup&gt;(p17&lt;/sup&gt;

Shehu Shagari ya yi zurfin karatu a ilimin [[addini]] kuma a duk lokacin da ya sami hutu yakan tsaya ya koyar da [[ilimi]] a ƙauyensa&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;. &lt;sup&gt;(p20)&lt;/sup&gt;  saboda a fahimatarsa, ilimi wani abu ne da ya jiɓinci rayuwa gaba ɗaya, tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Shehu Shagari ya shafe tsawon shekara 34 yana kuma koyarwa. Shehu Shagari ya bar garin shagari a karo na farko a shekarar 1931, inda ya tafi neman ilimin zamani watau boko a garin yabo. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana da shekaru biyar&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 31 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Siyasa ==
 A shekara ta 1962 sultan Sir Saddiq Abubakar III ya naɗa shehu Shagari Turakin sokoto a matsayin minista wanda sir Ahmadu Bello ya naɗa a kawu a watan Aprilu a garin Kaduna&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).pp. 57-58. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;. 

A zaɓen watan oktoba, shekara ta 1960, wacce zata kawo ƴanci a ƙasar nan, jam’iyyan NPC (wanda sir Ahmadu Bello da Abubakar Tafawa Balewa  a matsayin mataimakinsa) yaci.  An kuma naɗa shehu shagari da Alhaji Muhammadu Ribaɗu, Alhaji Inuwa Wada, Zanna Bukar Dipchorime, Waziri Ibrahim, Usman Sarki, Musa yar,adu'a matsayin ministocin ƙasa bayan da da Najeriya ta samu ƴanci kai&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 70-80. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;. 

An naɗa Shehu shagari a matsayin ministan ayyuka da ɗuba a watan Mayun shekarar 1965&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 103. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;.  Aikin shehu Shagari na farko a matsayinsa na minista shine canza sakatarorin gwamnati na turawa da ƴan najeriya&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.90. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;. 

A ranar 23 ga watan oktoba, shekara ta 1978, shehu Shagari ya yanke shawara fitowa takaran shugan ƙasa akan cewa zai janye idan har bai cinye yawan ƙuri’u ba&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.200.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;.  A zaɓen da akayi a ranar asabar 9 ga watan December shekara ta 1978, shehu shagari ya cinye ƙuri’u 975, Maitama Sule 504, Adam Girome 293, Dr. Saraki 214, Traka 104, Prof Abubakar 92. (primary election held at casino cenema)&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 213-214. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;.  

Jam’iyyar NPN na Shehu Shagari ta lashe kujeru 36 (37.89%) na sanatoci da 168 (37.41%) na kujerun ƴan majalissu. A ranar Alhamis da ƙarfe 12:40pm aka sanar Shehu Shagari yaci zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ƙuri’u 5, 688857&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 227.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;. An rantsar da shugaba na farko da aka  zaɓa a Najeriya (Shehu Shagari) ranar litinin a Tafawaɓalewa Square wanda dake Legas.

== Ayyukan Cigaba ==
Daga cikin kamfanonin da Shehu Shagari ya samar sun haɗa da: 
* Ministry of steel develpment
* Aledja steel plant a shekarar 1982
* Steel rolling mills katsina
* Steel rolling mills oshogbo
* Steel rolling mills jos.
* Anambra motor company a shekarar 1980
* National truck manufacturing company kano a shekarar 1981
* Stey motors Bauchi 
* Leyland Ibadan
* Private assembley company [[Illorin]], [[Onitsha]], [[Gusau]], [[Benin]] &amp; [[Porthercourt]]&lt;ref&gt;Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).p. 310.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Bibliyo ==
* Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|&lt;bdi&gt;978-129-932-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&amp;nbsp;50042754.

==Manazarta==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shagari, Shehu}}
[[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]]
[[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]]
[[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]]
[[Category:Fulani]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1925]]
[[Category:Mutane daga jihar sokoto]]
[[Category:Mutuwan 2018]]</text>
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    <title>Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai</title>
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{{Infobox officeholder|name=Nasir Ahmad El-Rufai|term_end2=27 July 2007|education=[[Barewa College]]|alma_mater=[[Ahmadu Bello University]]&lt;br&gt;[[Harvard University]]&lt;br&gt;[[Georgetown University]]&lt;br&gt;[[University of London]]|spouse={{Collapsible list |title=''See''|1=[[Hadiza Isma El-Rufai]]&lt;br/&gt;Asia Ahmad&lt;br/&gt;Aisha Ummi Garba}}|party=[[All Progressives Congress]]&lt;br&gt;(2013–present)|birth_place=[[Daudawa]], [[Northern Region, Nigeria|Northern Region]], [[British Nigeria]]&lt;br&gt;(now [[Daudawa]], Nigeria)|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1960|2|16|df=yes}}|successor2=[[Aliyu Modibbo Umar]]|predecessor2=[[Mohammed Abba Gana]]|term_start2=17 July 2003|image=|president2=[[Olusegun Obasanjo]]|office2=[[Minister of the Federal Capital Territory]]|term_end1=|term_start1=29 May 2015|successor1=|predecessor1=[[Mukhtar Ramalan Yero]]|deputy1=[[Yusuf Barnabas Bala]]&lt;br&gt;[[Hadiza Sabuwa Balarabe]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Deputy Governor – Kaduna State Government|url=https://kdsg.gov.ng/deputy-governor/|access-date=2020-05-23|archive-date=2021-01-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110014236/https://kdsg.gov.ng/deputy-governor/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;|office1=[[Governor of Kaduna State]]|otherparty=[[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Peoples Democratic Party]]&lt;br&gt;(until 2009)&lt;br&gt;[[Congress for Progressive Change]]&lt;br&gt;(2011–2013)}}{{Databox}}
[[File:Femi-fani-kayode.jpg|thumb|Elrufai da kayode]]
[[File:Nuhu-nasir-femi.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:--Ahmed Nuhu Bamalli-- with --Nasir El Rufai--.jpg|thumb|Ahmed nuhu bamalli with nasir Ahmad El rufa i]]
[[Fayil:El-Rufai with Tinubu.jpg|thumb|'''El-Rufai with Tinubu''']]
 ([[User:Ihayatu|Ihayatu]] ([[User talk:Ihayatu|talk]]) 22:05, 30 Mayu 2023 (UTC))
'''Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai''' (An haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin (1960) miladiyya. An haife shi a garin Daudawa na karamar hukumar Faskari a cikin jihar [[Katsina]] daga kabilar [[Hausa]]. Mahaifinsa ya rasu yana da shekara takwas kaɗai a duniya, daga nan ɗan’uwan mahaifinsa Alhaji Yahaya Hamza ya ɗauki nauyin karatunsa tun daga kuruciyarsa har girmansa. Ya samu  shiga makarantar [[Zariya|Barewa College dake Zaria,]] ɗaya daga cikin kwaleji mafiya shahara a arewacin Najeriya inda yasami babban yabo gami da samun babbar nasarar kammala karatun a matsayin babban dalibi. Nasir El-Rufai ya samu halartar jami’ar [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmadu_Bello_University Ahmadu Ballo] dake Zariya inda yayi karatun digirin a fannin duba ƙasa wanda kuma ya samu lamba ta ɗaya wanda a turance ake kira da First Class.
El-Rufa’i ya samu halarta kwalejin [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_University Harvard] da kuma Georgetown. Sannan ya samu halartar jami’ar a kasar [[London]] a shekara ta 2008 gami da kwalejin [[John F. Kennedy]] dake Harvard a June shekarata 2009.
Dan siyasan Najeriya ne  yanzu tsohon Gwamnan Jihar Kaduna. ([[User:Ihayatu|Ihayatu]] ([[User talk:Ihayatu|talk]]) 22:05, 30 Mayu 2023 (UTC))&lt;ref&gt;&quot;NVS Articles &amp; Viewpoints – Nigerian Village Square&quot;. Nigeriavillagesquare.com. Retrieved 18 October 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;  Ya taba zama Ministan Babban Birnin Tarayya daga shekarata 2003 zuwa shekara ta 2007; da kuma daraktan Ofishin Jama'a.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Office of the Governor – Kaduna State Government&quot;. Retrieved 4 July 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Yana daga cikin wadanda suka kafa jam’iyyar [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressives Congress mai mulki]]([[User:Ihayatu|Ihayatu]] ([[User talk:Ihayatu|talk]]) 22:05, 30 Mayu 2023 (UTC)).&lt;ref&gt;Owete, Festus (25 June 2013). &quot;Masari, El-Rufai, others emerge APC interim national officers | Premium Times Nigeria&quot;. Retrieved 13 July 2021&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[File:Nuhu-nasir-femi.jpg|alt=Photo showing Mallam Nasir Ahmad El-Rufai in the middle. To his right is Mallam Nuhu Ribadu, and to his left is Chief Femi Fani-Kayode.|thumb|260x260px| Hoton da ke nuna Malam Nasir Ahmad El-Rufai a tsakiya. A daman sa akwai Mallam Nuhu Ribadu, a hagun sa kuma akwai Cif.
Mallam Nasiru el-Rufai Dangajere Kusar Yaki! Cewar Yasir Ramadan Gwale
Kamar yadda tsohon mataimakin Shugaban kasa Alhaji Atiku Abubakar ya taba fada a wata hira da ya yi da Jaridar This Day, cewar tsohon shugaban kasa Olushegun Obasanjo ya buka ce shi da ya zabo masa mutum mai jini a jika kuma wanda ba shi da tsoro, wanda idan ma ta kama zai iya yin akuya ga mahaifiyar obasanjon don ya bashi mukamin ministan babban birnin tarayya Abuja saboda ya dai-daitawa mutane sahu daga karkacewar da ya yi. Atiku kuma ya shaidawa Obsanjo cewar Nasan wasu mutane guda biyu abokai da Allah bai sanya sun taba hada hanya da tsoron wani mahaluki ba a fadin tarayyar kasar nan, daya daga cikinsu kuwa shi ne Nasiru el-Rufai, wanda a lokacin shine shugaban hukumar sayar da kadarorin gwamnati ta kasa ( Director General
Bureau of Public Enterprises (BPE) and the Secretary of the National Council of Privatisation).

Tabbas Mallam Nasiru el-Rufai ya nuna cewar shi ba matsoraci bane, lokacin da majalisa ta zo tantance shi a matsayin mutumin da za’a nada minister. Domin idan zamu iya tunawa anyi dauki babu dadi da el-Rufai kafin a nada shi minister, inda aka nemi ya bayar da cin-hanci shi kuma ya yi kememe ya ki bayarwa, wanda wannan ta sanya wasu da yawa daga cikin shugabannin majalisa a wancan lokacin jin kunya ciki kuwa harda Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa Sanata Nasir Ibrahim Mantu, inda el-Rufai ya bayyana a majalisa dauke da al-qur’ani a hannunsa ya yi rantsuwa cewar an nemi hanci daga wajensa, kuma shi Mantu ya karyata, inda el-Rufai ya bukaci Mantu shima da ya rantse da Al-qur’ani amma hakan ta gagara inda ya ce shifa bashi da tsarki duk kuwa da cewar akwai makewayi a majalisar, kusan zamu iya cewa tun a wannan lokacin el-Rufai ya nuna jarumtaka da tabbatarwa da duniya cewar shifa ba mutumin banza bane.

Wannan namijin kokari da bajinta da el-Rufai ya nuna, shi ya sa jihar Georgia da ke kasar Amerika ta bashi izinin zama dan wannan jihar, wanda yanzu haka el-Rufai yana daga cikin ‘yan Najeriya da suke zuwa kasar Amerika ba tare da anyi musu binciken kwakwaf ba.

Lokacin da Mallam Nasiru el-Rufai ya zama babban ministan babban birnin tarayya ya nuna babu sani babu sabo. Domin ya kau-da duk wasu gine gine da akayi ba bisa ka’ida ba, ciki kuwa harda gidan matar shugaban kasa marigayiya Stella Obasanjo da gidan shugaban PDP na wannan lokacin Sanata Amadu Ali da wasu manya manyan kusoshin gwamnati a wancan lokacin. Haka dai el-Rufai ya ringa sanya gireda yana ma-ke duk wani gini da aka gina shi ba bisa kai’da ba a Habuja.

Mallam Nasiru el-Rufai kusan shine ministan Abuja mafi dadewa a tarihin wannan birni tun daga 1999 har zuwa 2007, kuma ya yi aiki dai-dai nasa.

Tun da Marigayi Mallam Umaru Yar’Adua ya zama shugaban kasa el-Rufai ya tsallake yabar kasar nan inda ya tafi kasar Amerika ya koma makaranta, ya halarci kwasa kwasai da dama a fannoni daban daban, ciki kuwa harda katafariyar Jami’arnan ta Harvard, kadan daga Makarantun da el-Rufai ya halarta sun hada da Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Najeryia, Jami’ar London ko University of London a Burtaniya da Harvard Business School, Arthur D. Little School of Management a birnin Massachusetts da Georgetown University da School of Foreign Services a birnin Washington dukkaninisu a kasar Amerika da kuma D.C. da John F. Kennedy School of Government da Harvard University duk dai a can Amerika.

Sannan el-Rufai yana da babbar Lambar yabo ta kasa wadda ake kira OFR (Officer of the Order of the Federal Republic of Nigeria) wadda aka bashi tun yana BFE, kuma yana da digirin girmamawa wanda Jami'ar Abuja ta Bashi a 2005 wato Doctorate Degree.

Bayan da el-Rufai ya dawo gida Najeriya, ya fada Jam’iyyar adawa ta CPC inda ya mara baya ga takarar tsohon shugaban kasa Gen. Muhammadu Buhari duk kuwa da ana kallon zai goya baya ne ga takarar babban abokinsa wato Mallam Nuhu Ribadu.

A halin yanzu dai Mallam Nasiru el-Rufai shi ne babban bakaniken jam’iyyar ta CPC wadda Buharin ya dora masa wannan nauyi na dai-daita sahun jam’iyyar kamar yadda a yiwa birnin tarayya Abuja, saboda fama da matsaloli da jam’iyyar ta ke yi a kusan daukacin jihohin kasarnan.

Bayan haka kuma, el-Rufai shi ne kusan mutum daya tilo wanda tauraruwarsa ke haskawa wajen adawa da gwamnatin Goodluck Jonathan da kuma Jam’iyyar PDP.

Mallam Nasir el-Rufai ya dauki lokaci yana sharhi akan kasafin kudi na shekarar ta 2012 inda ya yi kaca-kaca da gwamnatin Jonathan ya nuna ma basu san me suke yi ba.

Hakan ta sanya el-Rufai ya dinga daukan hankalin jama’a a ciki da wajen kasarnan wajen yadda yake fashin baki a harkar tafiyar da wannan gwamnatin musamman a harkar da ta shafi tattalin arziki, wannan ta sanya jami’an SSS suka ringa sanya masa tarko suna kamashi a kusan duk lokacin da zai yi wata tafiya zuwa kasashen waje, haka nan yake tsallake irin wannan turaku da ake sanya masa.

Bahaushe ya ce al-kalami ya fi Takobi, lallai wannan magana haka ta ke, domin shakka babu wannan gwamnatin Jonathan babu alkalami da ta ke jin tsoro a kullum kamar na el-Rufai, domin sun san cewar mai ilimin gaske ne kuma masani ta fannoni da daman gaske.

Mallam Nasiru el-Rufai dai idan ka ganshi irin mutanan nan ne da zaka gansu ‘yan tsirit wato ba shi da wani cika ido, wannan ce ma ta sanya abokansa suke masa lakabi da sunan GIANT wato wani babban mutum kamar dai yadda Bahaushe yake ce wa
gajere malam dogo .

Lallai kam ya zuwa yanzu babu wani daga cikin ‘yan Adawa wanda tauraruwarsa take haskawa kamar el-Rufai ba, kuma duk wannan ya faru ne ta sanadiyar al-kalaminsa da yake caccakar wannan gwamnati da shi. Tabbas maganar Bahaushe gaskiya ce da ya ce Alkamai ya fi takobi, domin idan da fada za’a iya da takobi watakila da farat daya za’a gama da el-Rufai amma da yake fadan na alkalami ne, babu yadda aka iya da shi sai dai a kayar da shi da hujja idan ana da ita.

Lallai Najeriya tana bukatar mutane masu gaskiya wadan da zasu iya yakar cin-hanci da rashawa da gaskiya kuma hazikai irinsu Mallam Nasiru el-Rufai. Femi Fani-Kayode.]]

== Farkon Rayuwa ==

An haifi Nasir Ahmad El-Rufai a ranar 16 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta alif 1960 ga dangin [[Fulani]] a [[Daudawa]]. Mahaifinsa ya rasu yana da shekaru takwas kadai aduniya. Daga nan ne wani kawun sa ya dauki nauyinsa da kuma karatunsa .&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Profile: Mallam Nasir el-Rufai&quot;. ''BBC News''. 7 September 2004. Retrieved 19 May 2010.&lt;/ref&gt; El-Rufai ya auri mata uku, matarsa ta farko itace [[Hadiza Isma El-Rufai]] marubuciya ce kuma marubuciyace tare, suna gudanar da Gidauniyar Yasmin El-Rufai (YELF), an kafa ta ne don girmama ɗiyarsu da ta mutu a shekarar  ta 2011.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;I used to sing in the Catholic Church choir – Hadiza El-Rufai&quot;. ''Punch Newspapers''. Retrieved 13 January 2021&lt;/ref&gt; 

El-Rufai ya yi karatu a [[Kwalejin Barewa]]. Tun yana karami a kwalejin, [[Shugaban Nijeriya|Shugaba]] [[Umaru Musa Yar'Adua|Umaru 'Yar'Adua]] ne kyaftin din gidan kwanan sa.  A shekarar ta 1976, ya kammala karatunsa a saman 'yan ajinsa, inda ya lashe kyautar &quot;Barewa Old Boys 'Association Academic Achievement&quot;.  El-Rufai ya halarci [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello|Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello da]] ke [[Zariya]], inda ya samu digiri na farko a fannin binciken yawan karatu tare da karramawar ajin farko.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Nasir El Rufai&quot;. LinkedIn. Retrieved 13 June 2021&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta alif Dari Tara da tamanin da hudu 1984, ya sami digiri na biyu kan harkokin kasuwanci daga Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello Zaria. Tun daga nan ya halarci shirye-shiryen ƙwararru da dama a digirinsa na biyu, daga Makarantar Georgetown na Ayyukan Kasashen Waje na Jami'ar Georgetown da ke [[Washington DC|Washington, DC]] da shirye-shirye kan keɓaɓɓu da jagoranci.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Amsterdam, Rober (1 December 2009). &quot;White Paper: Reform vs Status&quot; (PDF). ''Amsterdam &amp; Partners''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; 


&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Archived 9 November 2013 at the [[Wayback Machine]].&lt;/ref&gt; 

A watan Agustan  na shekarar ta 2008 ya sami digiri a fannin shari'a daga Jami'ar London; da kuma digiri na biyu a harkokin mulki daga John F. Kennedy School na Gwamnatin Jami'ar Harvard a watan Yunin a shekarar ta 2009. Ya kuma sami Takaddar Makarantar Kennedy a cikin Manufofin Jama'a da Gudanarwa bayan ya kwashe watanni 11 a matsayin Edward A. Mason Fellow a cikin Manufofin Jama'a da Gudanarwa daga Yuli shekarar ta 2008 zuwa Yuni  shekarar ta 2009.

== Kwarewar Sana'a ==

Nasir ya kirkira Wani kamfani tare da hadin kan abokan sa inda suka samar da kamfanin quantity surveying and project management , kamfanin Yana  Gudanar da ayyukan gine gine da injiinan farar hula ,hakan ya taimaka ma abokan aikin NASA suka zamo attaajirai a nijeriya&lt;ref&gt;https://manuniya.com/2022/12/21/cikakken-tarihin-nasir-ahmad-el-rufai/&lt;/ref&gt;,A shekarar ta 1982, ya kirkiro kamfanin El-Rufai &amp; Partners, wani kamfanin bincike da gwaje-gwaje tare da wasu abokan aikinsa guda uku wadanda suka gudanar da aiki tare  har zuwa shekarar ta  1998.  A lokacin mulkin soja na shekarun ta 1983Zuwa shekarun ta 1998, kamfanin ya karbi kwangilar gini da injiniyan gine-gine ciki har da lokacin da ake gina [[Abuja]], wanda ya sa abokan aikkin nasa suka zama &quot;matasa masu kudi&quot;.  Bugu da kari ga aikinsa, El-Rufai ya rike mukaman gudanarwa tare da kamfanonin sadarwa biyu na duniya, AT&amp;amp;amp;T Network Systems International BV da Motorola Inc.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Amsterdam, Rober (1 December 2009). &quot;White Paper: Reform vs Status&quot; (PDF). ''Amsterdam &amp; Partners''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Farkon aikin siyasa ==

A shekarar ta 1998, bayan mutuwar shugaban mulkin soja Janar [[Sani Abacha]], magajinsa Janar [[Abdulsalami Abubakar|Abdulsalami Abubakar ya]] nada El-Rufai a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan tattalin arziki kasa. A cikin wannan matsayin ya yi aiki tare da [[Bankin Duniya|Bankin]] Duniya da Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya. 

A shekarar ta1999, sojoji suka mika mulki ga Shugaba [[Olusegun Obasanjo]]. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1999, an nada shi a matsayin darekta a Ofishin Harkokin Kasuwancin Jama'a da kuma sakatare na Majalisar Bayar da Kyaututtuka ta Kasa inda ya jagoranci jagorancin sayar da kamfanoni da dama na mallakar gwamnatin nijeriya tare da Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa Alh.[[Atiku Abubakar]] (Turakin Adamawa).

== Ministan Babban Birnin Tarayya ==

A watan Yulin shekara ta 2003, aka nada Nasir Elrufa'i matsayin Ministan Babban Birnin Tarayyan Nigeria, wato Abuja. A lokacinsa, ya jagoranci canjin babban birnin tarayya a baya wanda ya kasance cike da rashawa da kuma kauce wa hanya daga asalin shirin.  Tare da kafa Tsarin Bayanai na Yankin Kasa na Abuja, babban birnin ya zama birni na farko a Najeriya tare da rajistar ƙasar da tsarin bayanai. 

Tare da Shugaban kasa da mambobin Kungiyar Gudanar da Tattalin Arziki, ya jagoranci sake fasalin ayyukan gwamnati na Najeriya wanda ya zama mara aiki a tsawon shekarun mulkin kama-karya na soja. A lokuta daban-daban a lokacin da yake Minista, ya kula da Ma’aikatun Kasuwanci na Tarayya (sau biyu) da na cikin gida. Ya kuma shugabanci wasu manyan kwamitocin majalisar ministocin da suka jagoranci kafa tsarin lamuni a Najeriya, Tsarin katin dan kasa na Najeriya, Inganta Wutar Lantarki da kuma sayar da kadarorin Gwamnatin Tarayya a Abuja. 

A kwanakin karshe na gwamnatin Obasanjo, Nuhu Ribadu, wani abokin tarayya El-Rufai wanda ya taba bayyana shi a matsayin &quot;jami'in zahiri na 2, masa alama da matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban kasa, musamman bayan faduwar- tsakanin Obasanjo da mataimakinsa Atiku Abubakar. An yi imanin cewa amincewa da yarda da Obasanjo ga El-Rufai ya fusata yawancin masu fada aji a siyasance, wanda daga baya za su tsananta masa.

== Gudun hijira ==

A shekarar  ta 2008, El-Rufai ya shiga gudun hijira na kashin kansa kuma ya zama mai sukar gwamnatin [[Umaru Musa Yar'Adua|Umaru 'Yar'Adua]].

== Siyasa ==

A shekarar ta 2010, ya dawo Najeriya kuma daga baya ne Hukumar Yaki da Yiwa Tattalin Arziki Tu'annati (EFCC) ta kama shi. Elrufa'i ya bayyana dawowarsa ne domin ya wanke sunan sa daga tuhumar cin hanci da rashawa. A shekarar  ta 2011, el-Rufai ya shiga siyasar jam’iyya tare da jam’iyyar Congress for Progressive Change da ke goyon bayan kamfen din [[Muhammadu Buhari]] a zaben shugaban kasa na shekarar ta  2011. Acikin shekarar ta  2013, an nada el-Rufai mataimakin sakatare na kasa na sabuwar [[All Progressives Congress|jam’iyya Mai mulki wato All Progressives Congress]] (APC). 

Acikin shekarar ta 2014, El-Rufai ya bayyana yakin neman zaben sa na gwamnan jihar Kaduna, inda ya fito takarar zaben fidda gwani na jam’iyyar APC don zama dan takarar gwamnan jihar na jam’iyyar. Ya ci gaba da lashe zaben gwamna, tare da kuri’u sama da miliyan don kayar da gwamna mai ci [[Mukhtar Ramalan Yero]] dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|Jam’iyyar Democratic Party]]. Ashekarar ta 2018, ya sake fitowa a matsayin dan takarar gwamna na APC. An sake zaben shi a ranar 9 ga watan Maris a shekarar ta  2019, inda ya kayar da abokin karawar sa da kuri’u sama da 200,000. a cikin watan july, 2023 zababben shugaban kasa Ahmed bola Tinubu ya Mika sunan Nasir Ahmed el-Rufai a cikin sabbin ministocin da zaa a nada a majalissar tarayya. 

== Gwamnan Jihar Kaduna ==

A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, a shekarar ta 2015, aka rantsar da El-Rufai a matsayin Gwamna na 22 na Jihar Kaduna. A jawabinsa na farko, ya bayyana cewa shi da mataimakinsa suna rage alawus dinsu da rabi har sai an samu ci gaba a yanayin kasafin kudin jihar Kaduna. A ranar 6 ga watan Agustan a shekarar ta  2015, El-Rufai a daya daga cikin ayyukansa na farko a matsayinsa na gwamna ya bayyana cewa jihar Kaduna za ta fara amfani da tsarin Baitul Malin Ma'aurata nan da 1 ga watan Satumba a shekarar. A karshen atisayen, an rufe asusu guda 470 na ma’aikatu, sassa da hukumomi daban-daban sannan aka dawo da Naira biliyan 24.7 aka mayar da su ga TSA na Gwamnatin Jihar Kaduna tare da [[Babban Bankin Najeriya]]. 

Ta hanyar toshe hanyoyin gurbatawa da rage tsadar tafiyar da gwamnati, ana kiyasta cewa gwamnatin El-Rufai ta sami damar adana Naira Biliyan 1.2 a cikin watanni biyu kacal.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/05/why-el-rufai-should-become-next-sgf/&lt;/ref&gt; {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2021}}El-Rufai kuma sauya yakin sabis a jihar Kaduna da kuma rage yawan ma'aikatun daga 19 zuwa 13 da kuma yawan sakatarori daga 35 zuwa 18.  A wani yunkuri na rage kudin gudanar da mulki, El-Rufai ya nada kwamishinoni 13, da masu ba da shawara na musamman 10 da mataimaka na musamman 12 yayin da kwamishinonin 24, masu ba da shawara na musamman 41 da kuma mataimaka na musamman kimanin 400 da tsohuwar gwamnatin ta nada. {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2021}}

A matsayinsa na gwamna, El-Rufai ya fara aiwatar da garambawul a fannin ilimi da nufin sake fasalin yanayin ilimi a jihar. El-Rufai ya kori sama da malaman firamare 22,000. {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2021}} Gwamnatin El-Rufai ta bullo da shirin Ciyar da Makaranta, da nufin samar da abinci sau daya a kowace rana ga dalibai miliyan daya da rabi a makarantun firamaren gwamnati da ke cikin jihar. {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2021}} Ya kuma soke tarin kudade da kuma levies a makarantun firamare da junior sakandare a Kaduna, game da shi, cire wani kudi nauyin N3 biliyan daga iyaye. 

A ranar 28 ga Maris a shekarar ta 2020, El-Rufai ya gwada tabbatacce ga [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]], bayan ya gama tuntuɓar sa. Ya sanya dokar hana fita a jihar Kaduna da kuma takaita zirga-zirga, don hana yaduwar kwayar. 

A ranar 20 ga watan Agusta a shekarar ta 2020, Rigima ta kaure a shafukan sada zumunta lokacin da [[Kungiyar Layoyi ta Najeriya|Kungiyar Lauyoyi ta Najeriya ta]] gayyaci Gwamna El-rufai don yin magana a taron ta na shekara-shekara. Dubun-dubatar ‘yan Nijeriya sun sanya hannu kan takardar sauya sheka a shafin canji don ganin an soke gayyatar da Gwamna El-rufai ya yi musu. NBA ta fada cikin matsin lamba sannan ta bata sunan gwamnan. Wani rahoto na Open Bar initiative ya kawo dalilai takwas da yasa El-rufai ya gayyaci babban taron bai amsa ba. Wasu daga cikin dalilan sun hada da kin bin umarnin kotu a karar sa da Audu Maikori, yana mai yin barazana ga Gloria Ballason wacce ta kasance lauyan Maikori da kuma wani rahoto da kamfanin Quartz (wallafa) na Afirka wanda ya ambaci Gwamna El-rufai a matsayin shugaban wata kungiyar &quot;masu karfi&quot; ta Gwamnonin Najeriya wadanda &quot;yanzu haka suke amfani da jami'an tsaro akai-akai don kamewa da tsoratar da 'yan jaridar da suka kuskura suka yi tambaya game da ayyukansu ko kokarin tuhumar su&quot;. 

El Rufa'i ya yi afuwa ga fursunoni 12 a jihar Kaduna, 10 daga cikinsu suna dab da kare hukuncin da aka yanke musu, wasu ma an yafe musu saboda yawan shekaru. Bugu da kari ya rage fursunoni guda hukuncin kisa zuwa rai da rai.&lt;ref&gt;https://m.guardian.ng/news/gov-el-rufai-grants-pardon-to-12-prisoners-in-kaduna-state&lt;/ref&gt; 
El Rufa'i yana daya daga cikin masu ilimi matuka acikin gwamnonin nijeriya, saboda hkne ma yayi fice dasamun nasaran shiga gaba atasakanin gwamnoni, sanadiyar ayyukan dakeyi a acikin jihar ta Kaduna. El Rufa'i yadage matuka ganin cewa kowani dan talaka dake jihar Kaduna yasami ingantance ilimi.

== Kara Dubawa ==

* Jerin sunayen gwamnonin jihar Kaduna
* [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]]

== External links ==

{{KadunaStateGovernors}}{{AbujaFCTMinisters}}

* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Kaduna|Jerin Gwamnonin Jihar Kaduna]]
* [[Kisan Kiyashi a Kudancin Kaduna|Kisan kiyashin Kudancin Kaduna]]
{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Rufai, Nasir El-}}{{Authority control}}
== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}} 

== Hanyoyin haɗin waje ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930163800/http://www.thisdayonline.com/nview.php?id=25798 ''This Day'' (Lagos) a kan el-Rufai, 20 Agusta 2005]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3634616.stm ''BBC'' kan Nasir el-Rufai, 7 ga Satumba 2004] ,
* [http://www.nigeriatop.com/ ''Manyan Siyasar Najeriya,'' / Gaskiya akan 'yan siyasar mu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005160256/http://www.nigeriatop.com/ |date=2011-10-05 }}
[[Category:Gwamnonin Jihar Kaduna]]
[[Category:Yan siyasa a najeriya]]
[[Category:Daliban barewa college]]
[[Category:Jami'ar Georgetown]]
[[Category:Yan takaran zaben 2015 a Nijeriya]]
[[Category:Yan jam'iyyar APC]]
[[Category:Makarantan Gwamnati na JF Kennedy]]
[[Category:Ministocin Nijeriya]]
[[Category:PDP]]
[[Category:Daliban Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]]
[[Category:Makarantun Gwamnati]]
[[Category:Daliban Jami'ar London]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Wanda aka haifa a 1960]]
[[Category:'Yan siyasa Jihar Kaduna]]
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[[File:Nestle plant abaji abuja.jpg|thumb|Nestle plant Abaji LGA]]
[[File:Nestle water plant abaji abuja.jpg|thumb|This Nestle water plant is located in Abaji, Federal Capital Territory, commissioned in 2016, it's the forth plant the company own in Nigeria]]
[[File:Abaji lake.jpg|thumb]]
[[Fayil:Abaji lake.jpg|thumb|Rafin Abaji]][[File:Abaji lake takeoff point.jpg|thumb]][[File:Abaji Post Office, Abaji-FCT Abuja.jpg|thumb]]
'''Abaji''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|Karamar hukuma]] ce dake Birnin [[Abuja]], [[Nijeriya]].
Abaji ƙaramar hukuma ce a Babban Birnin Tarayyar Najeriya. Garin shine ƙasar Egbira, Ganagana da [[Hausawa]], mafiya yawa sune [[Ebira|Egbira]] da [[Ganaganci|Ganagana]], mazaunin farko a Abuja sune mutanen Egbira da Tiv kafin zuwan yakin basasar [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Usman Danfodio]] zuwa [[Arewa ta Tsakiya (Najeriya)|Arewa ta tsakiya]], Abuja ta Kudu, bayan sarautar dangin dangi tayi nasara  ta mutanen Egbira wadanda suka yi nasara a yakin tsakaninsu da mutanen Tiv, suka zama dangi mai mulki kuma suka ba [[Hausawa]] damar zama Limamen garin sunan da ake kira Igabazi (ma'ana: Yankin da Abazhi ya sassaka), kuma yana daya daga cikin yankuna yankin a  Abuja.&lt;ref&gt;https://dailytrust.com/abaji-council-gets-over-n2bn-from-faac-in-7-months/&lt;/ref&gt;  Masarautar [[Abaji]] ƙarƙashin jagorancin Ona na Abaji (shugaban FCT Council of sarakuna) ita ce tsohuwar masarautar [[gargajiya]] a Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya.  Wasasar ta kasance ƙarƙashin tsohuwar masarautar Koton Karfe amma ta yarda ta shiga cikin babban birnin tarayya don manufar ci gaba. Hon. Abubakar Umar Abdullahi na jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] (APC) ya zama shugaban karamar hukumar Abaji a zaɓen shugaban karamar hukumar FCT da aka gudanar ranar sha biyu 12 ga watan Fabrairu, 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.blueprint.ng/supreme-court-affirms-abdulahi-as-abaji-chairman/ | title=Supreme Court affirms Abdulahi as Abaji chairman | date=18 March 2022 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tana da yanki na 992 km2 da yawan mutane 98,000 kamar yadda yake a 2016. Tana da shawarar Jami'ar [[Fasaha]] ta Abuja (AUTA) wacce za'a fara aiki ba da daɗewa ba. Kamfanin kwallan kwalba na [[Nestle Najeriya|Nestle]] shima yana cikin Karamar Hukumar, akwai wadataccen wutar lantarki, kuma garin yana kewaye da kogunan lokaci (Azako, Ashara da Ukya). Mutane suna da wayewa kuma idan ana batun ilimi ba'a barsu a baya ba. Karamar hukumar ta kunshi unguwanni goma wadanda sune:

# Nuku/Sabon Gari/Manderegi
# Abaji Central
# Abaji North East
# Abaji South East
# Gurdi
# Rimba/Ebagi
# Agyana/Pandagi
# Gawu
# Yaba
# Alu/Mamagi

Abaji ta raba iyaka da jihohi uku a Najeriya waɗanda suka haɗa da Nassarawa, Niger da Kogi.

Lambar akwatin gidan yankin su ne; 905101&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Post Offices- with map of LGA |publisher=NIPOST |url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx |accessdate=2009-10-20 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007011423/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx |archivedate=2009-10-07 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}

==Hanyoyin haɗi na waje==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://www.fcta.gov.ng/ Official Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240824133834/https://fcta.gov.ng/ |date=2024-08-24 }}

[[Category: Kananan hukumomin Babban Birnin Tarayya, Abuja]]</text>
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    <title>Arsenal F.C.</title>
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'''Kungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta Arsenal''' kungiya ce ta ƙwararrun [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila]] da ke zaune a Islington, Arewacin London, Ingila. Suna fafatawa a [[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]], matakin farko na kwallon kafa na Ingila. A cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na cikin gida, Arsenal ta lashe lambobin league 13 (ciki har da lambar yabo guda ɗaya da ba a ci ba), rikodin Kofin FA 14, Kofin League 2, 17 FA Community Shields da kuma Kofin Centenary na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa. A cikin Kwallon ƙafa na Turai, sun lashe kofin Turai guda ɗaya da kuma kofin Inter-Cities Fairs guda ɗaya. Dangane da kyaututtuka da aka samu, ita ce kulob na uku mafi nasara a kwallon kafa na Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal FC – history, facts and records |url=https://www.footballhistory.org/club/arsenal.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925230002/https://footballhistory.org/club/arsenal.html |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=2023-12-16 |website=footballhistory.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Arsenal ita ce kulob din farko daga kudancin Ingila da ta shiga gasar kwallon kafa acikin shekara ta 1893, a hukumance ta shiga kungiyar farko acikin shekara ta 1904. Arsenal tana ɗaukar matsayi mafi tsawo a cikin rukunin farko (sama da shekaru 105 da ƙidaya) kuma ta kammala karni na 20 tare da matsayi mafi girma na kowane kulob.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta lashe wasanni na biyu mafi girma a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF1stLevelAllTime&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pietarinen |first=Heikki |date=24 August 2017 |title=England – First Level All-Time Tables |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engalltime.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824181412/http://www.rsssf.com/tablese/engalltime.html |archive-date=24 August 2017 |access-date=24 August 2017 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekarun 1930, Arsenal ta lashe gasar zakarun League biyar da kofin FA guda biyu, tare da wani kofin FA da wasu kofin biyu da suka zo bayan yakin. A cikin 1970-71, ta lashe gasar League da FA Cup sau biyu. Tsakanin shekara ta 1989 zuwa shekara ta 2005, kulob din ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai biyar da kofin FA guda biyar, ciki har da karin sau biyu. Tsakanin 1998 da 2017, Arsenal ta cancanci [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] don rikodin kwallon kafa na Ingila na shekaru goma sha tara a jere.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dawson |first=Alan |title=Here's how much money Arsenal has lost after failing to qualify for the Champions League |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/arsenal-will-lose-50-million-if-the-club-fail-to-qualify-for-the-champions-league-2017-5 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417140419/https://www.businessinsider.com/arsenal-will-lose-50-million-if-the-club-fail-to-qualify-for-the-champions-league-2017-5 |archive-date=17 April 2024 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Acikin shekara ta 1886, ma'aikatan makamai a Royal Arsenal a Woolwich sun kafa kulob din a matsayin Dial Square . A shekara ta 1913, kulob din ya haye birnin zuwa [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] a Highbury, ya zama makwabta na kusa da [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]], don haka ya haifar da wasan derby na Arewacin London. Herbert Chapman ya lashe kulob din azurfa na farko, kuma abin da ya bari ya ba da damar yin amfani da ganima a cikin shekarun 1930. Ya taimaka wajen gabatar da tsarin WM, fitilu, da Lambobin rigar; &lt;ref name=&quot;Herbert Chapman Hall of Fame&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Herbert Chapman |url=http://www.nationalfootballmuseum.com/halloffame/herbert-chapman |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418113836/http://www.nationalfootballmuseum.com/halloffame/herbert-chapman |archive-date=18 April 2016 |access-date=20 March 2016 |publisher=National Football Museum}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya kuma kara fararen hannayen hannu da ja mai haske ga rigar kulob din. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=http://historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711145624/http://historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |archive-date=11 July 2020 |access-date=11 July 2020 |website= |publisher=Historical Football Kits}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsène Wenger shine kocin kulob din da ya fi dadewa kuma ya lashe mafi yawan kyaututtuka. Ya lashe kofin FA guda bakwai, kuma tawagarsa ta uku kuma ta karshe da ta lashe lambar yabo ta kafa rikodin Ingila don mafi tsawo a wasanni 49 tsakanin 2003 da 2004, yana karɓar laƙabi The Invincibles .

A shekara ta 2006, kulob din ya koma Filin wasa na Emirates da ke kusa. Tare da kudaden shiga na shekara-shekara na £ 616.6m a cikin kakar 2023-24, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-28 |title=Financial Results |url=https://www.arsenal.com/the-club/corporate-info/arsenal-holdings-financial-results |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Financial Results |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Forbes'' ta kiyasta Arsenal ta kai dala biliyan 3.4, yana mai da ita kulob din kwallon kafa na takwas mafi daraja a duniya, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal on the Forbes Soccer Team Valuations List |url=https://www.forbes.com/teams/arsenal/ |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Forbes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; yayin da kuma kasancewa daya daga cikin kungiyoyin wasanni da aka fi bi a duniya a kan [[Dandalin Sada Zumunta|kafofin sada zumunta]].  Taken kulob din shine ''Victoria Concordia Crescit'', Latin don &quot;Victory Through Harmony&quot;.

== Tarihi ==

=== 1886-1912: Dial Square zuwa Royal Arsenal ===
[[Fayil:Arsenal_1888_squad_photo.jpg|thumb|Royal Arsenal tawagar a cikin 1888. Kyaftin din asali David Danskin yana zaune a hannun dama na benci.]]
Acikin watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1886, dan kasar Scotland David Danskin da abokan aikin makamai goma sha biyar a Woolwich sun kafa kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Dial Square, mai suna bayan wani bita a tsakiyar Royal Arsenal. Kowane memba ya ba da gudummawa shida, kuma Danskin ya kara shillings uku don taimakawa wajen kafa kulob din.&lt;ref name=&quot;dialsquare&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title='Royal Arsenal' formed in Woolwich |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/-royal-arsenal-formed-in-woolwich |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725142641/https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/-royal-arsenal-formed-in-woolwich |archive-date=25 July 2022 |access-date=2 November 2018 |website=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [bayanin 1] Dial Square ta buga wasan farko a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1886 a kan Eastern Wanderers kuma ta ci 6-0. An sake sunan kulob din Royal Arsenal a watan Janairun 1887,&lt;ref name=&quot;Royal Arsenal name&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=13 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Royal Arsenal |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7726 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501065626/http://thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7726 |archive-date=1 May 2015 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma gidansa na farko shine Plumstead Common,  kodayake sun shafe mafi yawan lokutan su suna wasa a Manor Ground.{{Sfn|Masters|1995}} Kyaututtuka na farko da suka samu sune Kent Senior Cup da London Charity Cup a 1889-90 da London Senior Cup a 1890-91; waɗannan su ne kawai kyaututtuka da Arsenal ta samu a lokacin da suke a Kudu maso Gabashin London.&lt;ref name=&quot;FirstCountyCup&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=1 March 2012 |title=122 years ago today – Arsenal's first Silverware &quot; The History of Arsenal |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329190212/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-date=29 March 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=7 March 2012 |title=121 Years ago today – Royal Arsenal's last trophy &quot; The History of Arsenal |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3154 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605041507/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3154 |archive-date=5 June 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 1891, Royal Arsenal ya zama kulob din farko na London da ya zama kwararre.&lt;ref name=&quot;TurnProfessional&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=9 May 2017 |title=Royal Arsenal FC Turn Professional – The Truth |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14579 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923114343/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14579 |archive-date=23 September 2017 |access-date=23 September 2017 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An sake sunan Royal Arsenal a karo na biyu bayan ya zama kamfani mai iyaka a cikin 1893. Sun yi rajistar sabon sunansu, Woolwich Arsenal, tare da Kungiyar kwallon kafa lokacin da kulob din ya hau daga baya a wannan shekarar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=20 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Woolwich Arsenal |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7728 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205024313/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7728 |archive-date=5 February 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; : 5-21 Woolwich Arsenal ita ce ta farko a kudancin kungiyar kwallon kafa, ta fara ne a rukuni na biyu kuma ta kai rukuni na farko a 1904. Rashin halartar taron, saboda matsalolin kudi tsakanin ma'aikatan makamai da isowar kungiyoyin kwallon kafa da suka fi dacewa a wasu wurare a cikin birni, ya jagoranci kulob din kusa da fatarar kuɗi a shekara ta 1910.  &lt;ref name=&quot;arsenal2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Sally |date=December 2007 |title=Woolwich Arsenal 1910 – the arrival of Hall and Norris |url=http://www.wrightanddavis.co.uk/Norris/SLWA10.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410074122/http://www.wrightanddavis.co.uk/Norris/SLWA10.html |archive-date=10 April 2016 |access-date=11 July 2016 |website=wrightanddavis.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; : 112-149 'Yan kasuwa Henry Norris da William Hall sun shiga cikin kulob din, kuma sun nemi su motsa su zuwa wani wuri.&lt;ref name=&quot;arsenal2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=12 April 2017 |title=Did Henry Norris Really Buy Arsenal? |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14520 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422072349/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14520 |archive-date=22 April 2017 |access-date=24 September 2017 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1912-1925: Bankin Ingila kulob din ===
A shekara ta 1913, ba da daɗewa ba bayan sake komawa zuwa Sashe na Biyu, kulob din ya koma haye kogi zuwa sabon [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] a Highbury.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kay&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kay |first=Joyce |year=2008 |title=It Wasn't Just Emily Davison! Sport, Suffrage and Society in Edwardian Britain |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360802212271 |url-status=live |journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport |volume=25 |issue=10 |pages=1343–1346 |doi=10.1080/09523360802212271 |issn=0952-3367 |s2cid=154063364 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230917130504/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09523360802212271 |archive-date=17 September 2023 |access-date=27 September 2021 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Club moves from Woolwich to Highbury |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/club-moves-from-woolwich-to-highbury |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927195634/https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/club-moves-from-woolwich-to-highbury |archive-date=27 September 2021 |access-date=27 September 2021 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 1919, Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta kada kuri'a don inganta Arsenal, maimakon masu adawa da gida [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]], a cikin sabon rukunin farko, duk da kammala na biyar a cikin rukunin na biyu na karshe kafin yakin 1914-15. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Arsenal ta fara sauke &quot;The&quot; a cikin takardun hukuma, a hankali ta sauya sunanta a karo na karshe zuwa Arsenal, kamar yadda aka fi sani a yau.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=30 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Arsenal F.C. |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7732 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150806204052/http://thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7732 |archive-date=6 August 2015 |access-date=12 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Herbert_Chapman_bust_20050922.jpg|right|thumb|Wani tagulla na Herbert Chapman yana tsaye a cikin Filin wasa na Emirates.]]

=== 1925-1934: Gunners na Herbert Chapman ===
Yanayin Arsenal da kuma kyautar albashin da aka bayar ya ja hankalin tauraruwar Huddersfield Town Herbert Chapman a shekarar 1925.  A cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa, Chapman ya gina sabon Arsenal na juyin juya hali. Da farko, ya nada sabon mai horar da shi, Tom Whittaker wanda wata rana zai tashi ya zama sanannen manajan Arsenal da kansa.{{Sfn|Whittaker|Peskett|1957}} Tare da taimakon mai kunnawa Charlie Buchan, ya aiwatar da tsarin WM wanda zai zama tushen tushe ga kayan aikinsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Charlie Buchan}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Jonathan Wilson (writer)}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kuma kama matasa masu basira kamar Cliff Bastin da Eddie Hapgood, yayin da yake ba da babbar kudin shiga ta Highbury a kan taurari kamar David Jack da Alex James.

=== 1934-1947: Shaw, Allison da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ===
Mutuwar Chapman tana nufin aikin ya bar wa abokan aikinsa Joe Shaw da George Allison, tare da dukansu sun tabbatar da kasancewa masu basira da cikakkun masu kula da ƙungiyar Chapman ta Arsenal, suna ganin hat-trick na nasarar league tare da lakabi na 1933-34, 1934-35, da 1937-38, sannan kuma sun ci gaba da lashe Kofin FA na 1936. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Joe Shaw |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEshawJ.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722210145/http://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEshawJ.htm |archive-date=22 July 2017 |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=George Allison |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSENALallison.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128085228/https://www.spartacus-educational.com/ARSENALallison.htm |archive-date=28 November 2022 |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1947-1962: Gunners na Tom Whittaker ===
Duk da wannan lokacin tashin hankali da rikici, Arsenal ta dawo don lashe gasar a karo na biyu bayan yakin 1947-48. Wannan shine kakar wasa ta farko ta Tom Whittaker a matsayin kocin, kuma yana nufin kulob din ya daidaita da rikodin zakaran Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRossHeneghanOrfordCulliton2016&quot;&gt;Ross, James; Heneghan, Michael; Orford, Stuart; Culliton, Eoin (25 August 2016). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Whittaker, duk da halin da yake da shi na tawali'u da tawali'unsa, ana kiransa &quot;ƙwaƙwalwa&quot; a bayan sanannen kungiyar Arsenal ta Chapman.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tom Whittaker |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEwhittaker.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422190134/https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEwhittaker.htm |archive-date=22 April 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 June 2015 |title=How did Tom Whittaker get Chapman to believe in him, and other anniversaries – The History of Arsenal |url=https://blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/12161 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240923022652/https://blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/12161 |archive-date=23 September 2024 |access-date=25 November 2023 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya tara ƙungiyar Arsenal mai cin nasara kuma mai ƙwarewa sosai duk da ƙarancin albarkatu, tare da salon wuta da faɗaɗa wanda ya haifar da babbar murya a lokacin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1962-1984: Billy Wright, Bertie Mee da Terry Neill ===
[[Fayil:Alan_Ball_and_Bertie_Mee.png|thumb|Alan Ball (hagu) da Bertie Mee (wanda ya jagoranci Arsenal zuwa sau biyu na farko a 1971), wanda aka zana a 1972]]
Arsenal ba za ta lashe League ko FA Cup ba har tsawon shekaru 18. Kungiyar '53 Champions ta tsufa, kuma kulob din ya kasa jawo hankalin masu karfi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Post-War Arsenal&amp;nbsp;– Overview |url=http://www.arsenal.com/history/post-war-arsenal/post-war-arsenal-overview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302080424/http://www.arsenal.com/history/post-war-arsenal/post-war-arsenal-overview |archive-date=2 March 2009 |access-date=27 November 2009 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kodayake Arsenal sun kasance masu gasa a cikin waɗannan shekarun, dukiyarsu ta ragu; kulob din ya shafe mafi yawan shekarun 1950 da 1960 a tsakiyar tebur.{{Sfn|Sowman|Wilson|2016}} Ko da tsohon kyaftin din Ingila Billy Wright bai iya kawo kulob din wani nasara ba a matsayin kocin, a cikin wani lokaci tsakanin 1962 da 1966.

=== 1984-1996: Arsenal na George Graham ===
[[Fayil:Tony_Adams_Statue.jpg|left|thumb|Hoton [[Tony Adams]] a waje da Filin wasa na Emirates]]
Ɗaya daga cikin masu cin nasara sau biyu na Mee, George Graham, ya dawo a matsayin kocin a 1986, tare da Arsenal ta lashe kofin League na farko a 1987, kakar farko ta Graham a matsayin mai kula. Sabbin sa hannu Nigel Winterburn, Lee Dixon da Steve Bould sun shiga kulob din a shekarar 1988 don kammala &quot;mashahurin Back Four&quot;, karkashin jagorancin dan wasan gida [[Tony Adams]]. [bayanin 3] Ka'idar Graham na ba da fifiko ga ƙwarewar tsaro da alama ta yi karo da al'adun gargajiya na kulob din a kusa da kwallon kafa, kuma mutane da yawa suna da shakku ko zai yi aiki tare da matasa a kulob din din a wannan lokacin; duk da haka, hanyoyinsa da sauri sun sami addini bayan nasarorin farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 May 2017 |title=Graham's Glory Years |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/grahams-glory-years/graham-s-glory-years-overview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611174653/https://www.arsenal.com/history/grahams-glory-years/graham-s-glory-years-overview |archive-date=11 June 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Graham's Glory Years}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1996-2018: Shekaru na Arsene Wenger ===
[[Fayil:GoldInvinciblesTrophy.jpg|alt=|thumb|Bayan kammala kakar Premier League guda daya da ba a ci nasara ba, an ba da kyautar zinare ta musamman ga Arsenal.]]
Kungiyar ta canza a lokacin mulkin kocin Faransa Arsène Wenger, wanda aka nada a watan Oktoba 1996. Harin kwallon kafa,  sake fasalin abinci da ayyukan motsa jiki,  da kuma ƙwararrun 'yan kallo [bayanin 5] sun bayyana mulkinsa. Tattara manyan 'yan wasa daga [[Faransa|ƙasarsu]] Wenger, kamar [[Patrick Vieira]] da [[Thierry Henry]], Arsenal ta lashe gasar League da Kofin sau biyu a 1997-98 da na uku a 2001-02. Bugu da kari, kulob din ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 1999-2000, sun ci nasara a wasan karshe na Kofin FA na 2003 da 2005, kuma sun lashe gasar Firimiya a 2003-04 ba tare da rasa wasa daya ba, nasarar da ta ba kungiyar sunan laƙabi &quot;The Invincibles&quot;. Wannan nasarar ta zo ne a cikin wasanni 49 da ba a ci nasara ba daga 7 ga Mayu 2003 zuwa 24 ga Oktoba 2004, rikodin ƙasa.

=== 2018-yanzu: Juyin halitta na bayan Wenger ===
Bayan gudanar da gyare-gyare a cikin tsarin aiki na kulob din don ya dace da tashiwar Wenger, an kira Mutanen Espanya [[Unai Emery]] a matsayin sabon kocin kulob din a ranar 23 ga Mayu 2018. Ya zama 'kocin kocin' na farko da kuma kocin na biyu daga wajen Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unai Emery announced as new Arsenal head coach |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/11382525/arsenal-confirm-appointment-of-unai-emery-as-new-head-coach |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041448/http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/11382525/arsenal-confirm-appointment-of-unai-emery-as-new-head-coach |archive-date=26 May 2018 |access-date=25 May 2018 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 May 2023 |title=Welcome Unai |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/welcome-unai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180523102932/https://www.arsenal.com/news/welcome-unai |archive-date=23 May 2018 |access-date=23 May 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kakar wasa ta farko ta Emery, Arsenal ta kammala ta biyar a gasar Firimiya kuma a matsayin ta biyu a gasar Europa League.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Premier League Tables 2018/19 |url=https://www.premierleague.com/tables?co=1&amp;se=210&amp;ha=-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217125722/https://www.premierleague.com/tables?co=1&amp;se=210&amp;ha=-1 |archive-date=17 February 2020 |access-date=14 September 2019 |website=Premier League}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 May 2019 |title=Chelsea win the 2019 UEFA Europa League |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0251-0e9ce2d466b4-6403225af104-1000--chelsea-win-the-2019-uefa-europa-league/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215024306/https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/newsid=2604835.html |archive-date=15 December 2019 |access-date=14 September 2019 |website=[[UEFA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 2019, an sallami Emery a matsayin kocin kuma tsohon dan wasa da mataimakin kocin tawagar farko [[Freddie Ljungberg]] an nada shi a matsayin koci na wucin gadi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 November 2019 |title=Arsenal sack Emery after worst run in 27 years |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/3999924/arsenal-sack-emery-after-worst-run-for-27-years-ljungberg-named-caretaker-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191129155717/https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/3999924/arsenal-sack-emery-after-worst-run-for-27-years-ljungberg-named-caretaker-manager |archive-date=29 November 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 20 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019, Arsenal ta nada tsohon kyaftin din kulob din [[Mikel Arteta]] a matsayin sabon kocin. Arsenal ta gama kakar 2019-20 a matsayi na takwas, mafi ƙasƙanci tun daga 1994-95, amma ya doke Chelsea 2-1-1 don samun nasarar cin Kofin FA na 14 .  Bayan kakar, an canza taken Arteta daga kocin zuwa manajan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 September 2020 |title=Arsenal change Arteta role as part of restructure |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/4178032/arsenal-change-arteta-to-manager-from-coach-as-part-of-restructuring-at-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114085210/https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/4178032/arsenal-change-arteta-to-manager-from-coach-as-part-of-restructuring-at-club |archive-date=14 January 2021 |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2021, an sanar da Arsenal a matsayin kulob din da ya kafa gasar Turai mai suna The Super League;  sun janye daga gasar kwana biyu bayan haka a cikin kuskuren duniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Super League |url=https://thesuperleague.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418235123/https://www.thesuperleague.com/ |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=20 April 2021 |website=thesuperleague.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta gama kakar 2020-21 a matsayi na takwas kuma, ba ta cancanci gasar Turai ba a karo na farko cikin shekaru 26.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 May 2021 |title=Arsenal fails to qualify for Europe for 1st time in 25 years |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/english-premier-league/arsenal-fails-to-qualify-for-europe-for-1st-time-in-25-years-7327569/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209191234/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/english-premier-league/arsenal-fails-to-qualify-for-europe-for-1st-time-in-25-years-7327569/ |archive-date=9 December 2021 |access-date=9 December 2021 |website=The Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kakar bayan (2021-22), Arteta ta tara ƙaramin rukuni a gasar Firimiya tare da matsakaicin shekaru 24 da kwanaki 308 - fiye da shekara guda ƙarami fiye da tawagar ta gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-09-15 |title=Our 2021/22 season in numbers |url=https://www.arsenal.com/premier-league-stats-review-emirates-stadium-attendance-goals-appearances |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026143444/https://www.arsenal.com/premier-league-stats-review-emirates-stadium-attendance-goals-appearances |archive-date=26 October 2022 |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Our 2021/22 season in numbers |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Adam |date=24 May 2022 |title=Premier League: Top trends revealed for the 2021/22 season |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12611391/premier-league-top-trends-revealed-for-the-2021-22-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128184759/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12611391/premier-league-top-trends-revealed-for-the-2021-22-season |archive-date=28 November 2022 |access-date=9 September 2024 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun gama a matsayi na biyar a gasar Firimiya a wannan shekarar, kuma sun cancanci gasar UEFA 

=== Masu samar da kayan aiki da masu tallafawa rigar ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Kayan Arsenal &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527155718/http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |archive-date=27 May 2019 |access-date=27 January 2022 |publisher=Historical Football Kits}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!Lokacin
!Mai ƙera kayan aiki
!Mai tallafawa Shirt (kashin kai) 
!Mai tallafawa Shirt (wandan hannu) 
|-
|1886–1930
|Ba a san shi ba
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Babu
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Babu
|-
|1930–1970
|Bukta
|-
|1971–1981
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Umbro
|-
|1981–1986
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |JVC
|-
|1986–1994
|[[Adidas]]
|-
|1994–1999
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Nike
|-
|1999–2002
|Dreamcast Sega&lt;br /&gt;
|-
|2002–2006
|O2
|-
|2006–2014
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |[[Emirates]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Emirates and Arsenal Renew Sponsorship Deal |url=https://www.emirates.com/media-centre/emirates-and-arsenal-renew-sponsorship-deal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714222642/https://www.emirates.com/media-centre/emirates-and-arsenal-renew-sponsorship-deal |archive-date=14 July 2021 |access-date=24 February 2019 |website=www.emirates.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2014–2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Puma
|-
|2018–2019
| rowspan=&quot;2 &quot; |Ziyarar Rwanda&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal partner with 'Visit Rwanda' |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/club-welcomes-visit-rwanda-new-partner |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802014646/https://www.arsenal.com/news/club-welcomes-visit-rwanda-new-partner |archive-date=2 August 2021 |access-date=23 May 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019–2026
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Adidas]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Adidas and Arsenal launch new home kit |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/adidas-and-arsenal-launch-new-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701174645/https://www.arsenal.com/news/adidas-and-arsenal-launch-new-home-kit |archive-date=1 July 2019 |access-date=1 July 2019 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2026–
|Deel, Inc.
|-
|}

== Filin wasa ==
[[Fayil:Manor_Ground,_Woolwich_Arsenal_vs._Everton.jpg|right|thumb|Manor Ground, Woolwich Arsenal vs. [[Everton FC|Everton]]]]
Kafin ya shiga Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa, Arsenal ta taka leda a takaice a Plumstead Common, sannan a Manor Ground a Plumste, sannan ya shafe shekaru uku tsakanin 1890 da 1893 a kusa da Invicta Ground. Bayan shiga Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa a shekara ta 1893, kulob din ya koma Manor Ground kuma ya shigar da dakuna da terrace, yana inganta shi daga filin wasa kawai. Arsenal ta ci gaba da buga wasanninsu na gida a can na shekaru ashirin masu zuwa (tare da banbanci biyu a kakar 1894-95), har zuwa lokacin da suka koma arewacin London a 1913. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Simon Inglis}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An fi sani da Highbury, [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] shine gidan kulob din daga Satumba 1913 har zuwa Mayu 2006. Mashahurin masanin ƙwallon ƙafa Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin wasan na asali, kuma yana da ƙirar da ta saba da yawancin filin ƙwallon ƙwallon kafa a Burtaniya a lokacin, tare da ɗaki ɗaya da aka rufe da bankunan iska guda uku.&lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2005 |title=A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London |url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-date=4 February 2012 |access-date=4 February 2012 |publisher=Islington Council}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba da cikakken filin wasan babban gyare-gyare a cikin shekarun 1930: an gina sabon Art Deco West da East, an buɗe shi a cikin 1932 da 1936 bi da bi, kuma an kara rufin zuwa filin Arewacin Bank, wanda aka jefa bam a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu kuma ba a dawo da shi ba har zuwa 1954. &lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot; /&gt;

Highbury na iya ɗaukar masu kallo sama da 60,000 a mafi girma, kuma yana da damar 57,000 har zuwa farkon shekarun 1990. Rahoton Taylor da ka'idojin Premier League sun tilasta wa Arsenal ta canza Highbury zuwa filin wasa mai cike da kujeru a lokacin kakar 1993-94, don haka rage damar zuwa masu kallo 38,419 da ke zaune.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Highbury |url=http://www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=The+Club&amp;article=344883&amp;Title=Highbury |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111223345/http://www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=The+Club&amp;article=344883&amp;Title=Highbury |archive-date=11 January 2008 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dole ne a kara rage wannan damar a lokacin wasannin [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai]] don karɓar ƙarin allon talla, don haka don lokutan biyu, daga 1998 zuwa 2000, Arsenal ta buga wasannin gida na gasar zakaruna a Wembley, wanda zai iya ɗaukar masu kallo sama da 70,000.
[[Fayil:Arsenal_Stadium_interior_North_Bank.jpg|alt=A grandstand at a sports stadium. The seats are predominantly red.|right|thumb|Gidan Arewacin Bank, [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]], Highbury]]
An ƙuntata fadada Highbury saboda an sanya Gabashin Gabas a matsayin ginin da aka jera na Grade II kuma sauran uku suna kusa da kadarorin zama.&lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2005 |title=A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London |url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-date=4 February 2012 |access-date=4 February 2012 |publisher=Islington Council}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf &quot;A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan iyakoki sun hana kulob din kara yawan kudaden shiga a cikin shekarun 1990 da shekaru goma na farko na karni na 21, suna sanya su cikin haɗarin barin su a baya a cikin bunkasar kwallon kafa na wannan lokacin. Bayan la'akari da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, a cikin 2000 Arsenal ta ba da shawarar gina sabon filin wasa mai iyawa 60,361 a Ashburton Grove, tun lokacin da ake Filin wasa na Emirates, kimanin mita 500 kudu maso yammacin Highbury. Da farko an jinkirta aikin ne saboda jan tef da hauhawar farashi,  kuma an kammala ginin a watan Yulin 2006, a lokacin da za a fara kakar 2006-07.  An sanya sunan filin wasan ne bayan masu tallafawa, kamfanin jirgin sama na Emirates, wanda kulob din ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tallafawa mafi girma a tarihin Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila, wanda ya kai kimanin fam miliyan 100. Wasu magoya baya sun kira filin Ashburton Grove, ko Grove, saboda ba su yarda da tallafin kamfanoni na sunayen filin wasa ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dawes |first=Brian |year=2006 |title=The 'E' Word |url=http://www.arsenal-world.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&amp;id=283908 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008060533/http://www.arsenal-world.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&amp;id=283908 |archive-date=8 October 2006 |access-date=11 August 2008 |website=Arsenal World |publisher=Footymad}}&lt;/ref&gt; Za a san filin wasan a hukumance da filin wasa na Emirates har zuwa akalla 2028, kuma kamfanin jirgin sama zai zama mai tallafawa kulob din har zuwa akasin haka 2024.   Tun daga farkon kakar 2010-11 zuwa gaba, an san wuraren wasan a matsayin Bankin Arewa, Gabashin Gabas, Yammacin Yamma da ƙarshen Agogo. Matsayin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa yanzu yana tsaye a 60,704.&lt;ref name=&quot;cap2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Premier League Handbook 2020/21 |url=https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2021/04/07/6ebff069-a7ee-415d-afbd-15878b6d33b2/2020-21-PL-Handbook-240321.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412002820/https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2021/04/07/6ebff069-a7ee-415d-afbd-15878b6d33b2/2020-21-PL-Handbook-240321.pdf |archive-date=12 April 2021 |access-date=12 April 2021 |publisher=Premier League |page=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;{{Wide image|Emirates Stadium - East stand Club Level.jpg|1367px|A [[panorama]] of the [[Emirates Stadium]] before a match}}

== 'Yan wasa ==

=== Kungiyar farko ===
{{Updated|24 January 2026}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.arsenal.com/men/players |title=Squad: Men |publisher=Arsenal F.C. |access-date=1 September 2025}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Kididdiga da rikodin ==
[[Fayil:Thierry_Henry_applauding_2012.jpg|thumb|[[Thierry Henry]] shine mai zira kwallaye na Arsenal, tare da kwallaye 228 a duk gasa.]]
Arsenal ta ƙwallon ƙafa 13 League Championship ita ce na uku mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙwallon Ingila, bayan Liverpool (20) da Manchester United (20), &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James M |date=28 August 2009 |title=England&amp;nbsp;– List of Champions |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engchamp.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730154323/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engchamp.html |archive-date=30 July 2022 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma su ne kulob na farko da ya kai na bakwai da na takwas League Championship. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2020, suna ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi bakwai, sauran su ne Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], Manchester City, Leicester City da Liverpool, waɗanda suka lashe gasar Firimiya tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 1992. &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;

Suna riƙe da mafi yawan kyaututtuka na FA Cup, tare da 14.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James M |date=12 June 2009 |title=England FA Challenge Cup Finals |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engcuphist.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113115049/http://rsssf.com/tablese/engcuphist.html |archive-date=13 January 2010 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin kungiyoyi shida kawai da suka lashe kofin FA Sau biyu a jere, a 2002 da 2003, da 2014 da 2015.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt; Arsenal ta samu nasarar League da FA Cup &quot;Doubles&quot; sau uku (a 1971, 1998 da 2002), wani abin da Manchester United ta samu a baya (a 1994, 1996 da 1999).  &lt;ref name=&quot;FCHD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=https://www.fchd.info/ARSENAL.HTM |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091106003337/http://fchd.info/ARSENAL.HTM |archive-date=6 November 2009 |access-date=23 October 2009 |website=Football Club History Database |publisher=Richard Rundle}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stokkermans |first=Karel |date=24 September 2009 |title=Doing the Double: Countrywise Records |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/doublerec.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126184235/http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/doublerec.html |archive-date=26 November 2015 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun kasance rukuni na farko a cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila don kammala FA Cup da League Cup sau biyu, a 1993. Arsenal kuma ita ce kulob din farko na London da ta kai wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA, a shekara ta 2006, inda ta sha kashi 2-1 a [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal Football Club |url=http://www.premierleague.com/page/arsenal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913103452/http://www.premierleague.com/page/arsenal |archive-date=13 September 2008 |access-date=11 August 2008 |publisher=Premier League}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Arsenal tana da daya daga cikin mafi kyawun rikodin jirgin sama a tarihi, bayan sun gama ƙasa da goma sha huɗu sau bakwai kawai. Sun lashe wasanni na biyu mafi girma a gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, kuma sun tara maki na biyu mafi yawa, &lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF1stLevelAllTime&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pietarinen |first=Heikki |date=24 August 2017 |title=England – First Level All-Time Tables |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engalltime.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824181412/http://www.rsssf.com/tablese/engalltime.html |archive-date=24 August 2017 |access-date=24 August 2017 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPietarinen2017&quot;&gt;Pietarinen, Heikki (24 August 2017). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; ko an lissafa su da maki biyu a kowace nasara &lt;ref name=&quot;All Time Table&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=English Premier League : Full All Time Table |url=http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/all-time-table/full |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320225558/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/all-time-table/full |archive-date=20 March 2017 |access-date=21 January 2016 |website=statto.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko kuma da darajar maki na zamani. Sun kasance a cikin saman jirgin sama na mafi yawan lokutan jere (98 kamar yadda 2023-24).  &lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRossHeneghanOrfordCulliton2016&quot;&gt;Ross, James; Heneghan, Michael; Orford, Stuart; Culliton, Eoin (25 August 2016). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;All-time Arsenal&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=James |first=Josh |date=18 June 2013 |title=All-time Arsenal |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/features/48523/behind-the-numbers- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622042610/https://www.arsenal.com/news/features/48523/behind-the-numbers- |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Seasons Spent in the Top Flight of English Football by Clubs from 1888–89 to 2023–24 |url=https://www.myfootballfacts.com/england_footy/football-league/seasons-in-top-flight/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209052735/https://www.myfootballfacts.com/england_footy/football-league/seasons-in-top-flight/ |archive-date=9 December 2021 |access-date=23 September 2023 |website=My Football Facts}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, Arsenal tana da matsayi mafi girma a cikin karni na 20, tare da matsakaicin matsayi na 8.5. 

Arsenal tana riƙe da rikodin mafi tsawo na wasannin League da ba a ci ba (49 tsakanin Mayu 2003 da Oktoba 2004).  Wannan ya hada da dukkan wasannin 38 na nasarar da suka samu a kakar 2003-04, lokacin da Arsenal ta zama kulob na biyu da ta kammala yakin neman zabe ba tare da an ci nasara ba, bayan Preston North End (wanda ya buga wasanni 22 kawai) a 1888-89.&lt;ref name=&quot;49 Unbeaten&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 June 2017 |title=49 Unbeaten |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records/the-unbeaten-record |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112010642/https://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records/the-unbeaten-record |archive-date=12 November 2020 |access-date=14 April 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, suna riƙe da rikodin mafi tsawo a saman jirgin sama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EPL Records&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Records |url=http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107021729/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/records |archive-date=7 November 2011 |access-date=22 March 2016 |website=statto.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta kafa rikodin gasar zakarun Turai a lokacin kakar 2005-06 ta hanyar buga wasanni goma ba tare da ba da kwallo ba, ta doke mafi kyawun bakwai da AC Milan ta kafa. Sun tafi jimlar rikodin minti 995 ba tare da barin abokin hamayyar ya ci kwallo ba; tseren ya ƙare a wasan karshe, lokacin da [[Samuel Eto'o]] ya zira kwallaye 76 na Barcelona.&amp;nbsp;

David O'Leary yana da rikodin bayyanar Arsenal, bayan ya buga wasanni 722 na farko tsakanin 1975 da 1993. Rabin tsakiya kuma tsohon kyaftin din [[Tony Adams]] ya zo na biyu, bayan ya buga sau 669. David Seaman ne ke riƙe da rikodin [[Mai tsaran raga|Mai tsaron gida]], tare da bayyanar 564. &lt;ref name=&quot;clubrecords&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Club Records |url=http://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905054109/http://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records |archive-date=5 September 2015 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Thierry Henry]] shine babban mai zira kwallaye a kulob din tare da kwallaye 228 a duk gasa tsakanin 1999 da 2012;  ya wuce jimlar Ian Wright na 185 a watan Oktoba 2005.  Rubuce-rubucen Wright sun tsaya tun watan Satumbar 1997, lokacin da ya wuce jimlar kwallaye 178 da mai tsaron gida Cliff Bastin ya kafa a shekarar 1939.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ward |first=Rupert |title=Arsenal vs Bolton. 13/0&lt;!-- no format change --&gt;9/97 |url=http://www.arseweb.com/97-98/reports/130997.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008220109/http://www.arseweb.com/97-98/reports/130997.html |archive-date=8 October 2015 |access-date=11 August 2008 |publisher=Arseweb}}&lt;/ref&gt; Henry kuma yana da rikodin kulob din don burin da aka zira a League, tare da 175,  rikodin da Bastin ya rike har zuwa Fabrairu 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;henry&quot; /&gt; Declan Rice yana riƙe da farashin sa hannu na Arsenal bayan an kammala yarjejeniya da [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a watan Yulin 2023, don £ 100 miliyan na farko. Wannan ya wuce tsohon rikodin na fam miliyan 72 ga [[Nicolas Pépé|Nicolas Pepe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 July 2023 |title=Declan Rice: Arsenal sign England midfielder from West Ham in club-record £105m deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/12913870/declan-rice-arsenal-sign-england-midfielder-from-west-ham-in-club-record-lb105m-deal |publisher=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daraja ==
Arsenal ta lashe kyautar azurfa ta farko a matsayin Royal Arsenal a shekara ta 1890. Kofin Kent Junior, wanda Royal Arsenal ta lashe, shine Kofin FA na kulob din, yayin da kofin farko ya zo makonni uku bayan haka lokacin da suka lashe kofin Kent Senior . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=1 March 2012 |title=122 years ago today – Arsenal's first Silverware |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329190212/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-date=29 March 2016 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=The History of Arsenal (AISA Arsenal History Society)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;aftlu&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |title=Arsenal first team line ups |url=http://thearsenalhistory.com/stat/aftlu.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715102949/http://thearsenalhistory.com/stat/aftlu.htm |archive-date=15 July 2016 |access-date=15 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; Babban girmamawa na farko na kasa ya zo ne a 1930, lokacin da suka lashe Kofin FA.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 August 2007 |title=GGM 36: Arsenal win their first major trophy |url=http://www.arsenal.com/ggm-36-arsenal-win-their-first-major-trophy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923185120/http://www.arsenal.com/ggm-36-arsenal-win-their-first-major-trophy |archive-date=23 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar ta ci gaba da samun nasara a cikin shekarun 1930, inda ta lashe kofin FA da kuma gasar kwallon kafa ta farko guda biyar.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 &quot;125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1936–1940 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1936-40 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930230223/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1936-40 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta lashe gasar zakarun farko da kofin sau biyu a kakar 1970-71 kuma sau biyu ta sake maimaita wannan, a 1997-98 da 2001-02, tare da lashe kofin sau uku na FA Cup da League Cup a 1992-93.  Shekarar 2003-04 ita ce kawai kakar wasanni 38 da ba a ci nasara ba a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila. An ba da izinin zinare na musamman na gasar Firimiya kuma an gabatar da shi ga kulob din a kakar wasa mai zuwa.
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%; text-align:center;&quot;
|+Kyautar Arsenal FC
! style=&quot;width: 1%;&quot; |Irin wannan
! style=&quot;width: 5%;&quot; |Gasar
! style=&quot;width: 1%;&quot; |Takardun sarauta
! style=&quot;width: 21%;&quot; |Lokaci
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; scope=&quot;rowgroup&quot; |'''A cikin gida'''
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Sashe na Farko / Premier League{{Efn|Upon its formation in 1992, the [[Premier League]] became the top tier of [[Football in England|English football]]; the [[English Football League|Football League]] [[Football League First Division|First]] and [[Football League Second Division|Second Divisions]] then became the second and third tiers, respectively. From 2004, the First Division became the [[EFL Championship|Championship]] and the Second Division became [[EFL League One|League One]].}}
|13
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1930–31, 1932–33, 1933–34, 1934–35, 1937–38, 1947–48, 1952–53, 1970–71, 1988–89, 1990–91, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin FA
| style=&quot;background-color:gold&quot; |'''14'''
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1929–30, 1935–36, 1949–50, 1970–71, 1978–79, 1992–93, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2019–20
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin EFL{{Efn|Until 2016, the unsponsored name of the EFL Cup was the Football League Cup.}}
|2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1986–87, 1992–93
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Garkuwar Jama'a ta FA{{Efn|Until 2002, the FA Community Shield was known as the FA Charity Shield.}}
|17
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1930, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1938, 1948, 1953, 1991, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2020, 2023
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Centenary na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa
| style=&quot;background-color:gold&quot; |'''1'''
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1988
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;rowgroup&quot; |'''Yankin nahiyar'''
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Masu Gasar Cin Kofin UEFA
|1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1993–94
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Kasuwanci na Kasuwanci
|1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1969–70
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
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      <text bytes="50210" sha1="9ca197fz5qwm1h4z5mcc34fcs23en9m" xml:space="preserve">{{Mukala mai kyau}}{{Databox}}

'''Kungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta Arsenal''' kungiya ce ta ƙwararrun [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila]] da ke zaune a Islington, Arewacin London, Ingila. Suna fafatawa a [[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]], matakin farko na kwallon kafa na Ingila. A cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na cikin gida, Arsenal ta lashe lambobin league 13 (ciki har da lambar yabo guda ɗaya da ba a ci ba), rikodin Kofin FA 14, Kofin League 2, 17 FA Community Shields da kuma Kofin Centenary na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa. A cikin Kwallon ƙafa na Turai, sun lashe kofin Turai guda ɗaya da kuma kofin Inter-Cities Fairs guda ɗaya. Dangane da kyaututtuka da aka samu, ita ce kulob na uku mafi nasara a kwallon kafa na Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal FC – history, facts and records |url=https://www.footballhistory.org/club/arsenal.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925230002/https://footballhistory.org/club/arsenal.html |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=2023-12-16 |website=footballhistory.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Arsenal ita ce kulob din farko daga kudancin Ingila da ta shiga gasar kwallon kafa acikin shekara ta 1893, a hukumance ta shiga kungiyar farko acikin shekara ta 1904. Arsenal tana ɗaukar matsayi mafi tsawo a cikin rukunin farko (sama da shekaru 105 da ƙidaya) kuma ta kammala karni na 20 tare da matsayi mafi girma na kowane kulob.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta lashe wasanni na biyu mafi girma a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF1stLevelAllTime&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pietarinen |first=Heikki |date=24 August 2017 |title=England – First Level All-Time Tables |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engalltime.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824181412/http://www.rsssf.com/tablese/engalltime.html |archive-date=24 August 2017 |access-date=24 August 2017 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekarun 1930, Arsenal ta lashe gasar zakarun League biyar da kofin FA guda biyu, tare da wani kofin FA da wasu kofin biyu da suka zo bayan yakin. A cikin 1970-71, ta lashe gasar League da FA Cup sau biyu. Tsakanin shekara ta 1989 zuwa shekara ta 2005, kulob din ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai biyar da kofin FA guda biyar, ciki har da karin sau biyu. Tsakanin 1998 da 2017, Arsenal ta cancanci [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] don rikodin kwallon kafa na Ingila na shekaru goma sha tara a jere.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dawson |first=Alan |title=Here's how much money Arsenal has lost after failing to qualify for the Champions League |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/arsenal-will-lose-50-million-if-the-club-fail-to-qualify-for-the-champions-league-2017-5 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417140419/https://www.businessinsider.com/arsenal-will-lose-50-million-if-the-club-fail-to-qualify-for-the-champions-league-2017-5 |archive-date=17 April 2024 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Acikin shekara ta 1886, ma'aikatan makamai a Royal Arsenal a Woolwich sun kafa kulob din a matsayin Dial Square . A shekara ta 1913, kulob din ya haye birnin zuwa [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] a Highbury, ya zama makwabta na kusa da [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]], don haka ya haifar da wasan derby na Arewacin London. Herbert Chapman ya lashe kulob din azurfa na farko, kuma abin da ya bari ya ba da damar yin amfani da ganima a cikin shekarun 1930. Ya taimaka wajen gabatar da tsarin WM, fitilu, da Lambobin rigar; &lt;ref name=&quot;Herbert Chapman Hall of Fame&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Herbert Chapman |url=http://www.nationalfootballmuseum.com/halloffame/herbert-chapman |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418113836/http://www.nationalfootballmuseum.com/halloffame/herbert-chapman |archive-date=18 April 2016 |access-date=20 March 2016 |publisher=National Football Museum}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya kuma kara fararen hannayen hannu da ja mai haske ga rigar kulob din. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=http://historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711145624/http://historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |archive-date=11 July 2020 |access-date=11 July 2020 |website= |publisher=Historical Football Kits}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsène Wenger shine kocin kulob din da ya fi dadewa kuma ya lashe mafi yawan kyaututtuka. Ya lashe kofin FA guda bakwai, kuma tawagarsa ta uku kuma ta karshe da ta lashe lambar yabo ta kafa rikodin Ingila don mafi tsawo a wasanni 49 tsakanin shekara ta 2003 da 2004, yana karɓar laƙabi The Invincibles .

A shekara ta 2006, kulob din ya koma Filin wasa na Emirates da ke kusa. Tare da kudaden shiga na shekara-shekara na £ 616.6m a cikin kakar 2023-24, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-28 |title=Financial Results |url=https://www.arsenal.com/the-club/corporate-info/arsenal-holdings-financial-results |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Financial Results |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Forbes'' ta kiyasta Arsenal ta kai dala biliyan 3.4, yana mai da ita kulob din kwallon kafa na takwas mafi daraja a duniya, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal on the Forbes Soccer Team Valuations List |url=https://www.forbes.com/teams/arsenal/ |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Forbes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; yayin da kuma kasancewa daya daga cikin kungiyoyin wasanni da aka fi bi a duniya a kan [[Dandalin Sada Zumunta|kafofin sada zumunta]].  Taken kulob din shine ''Victoria Concordia Crescit'', Latin don &quot;Victory Through Harmony&quot;.

== Tarihi ==

=== 1886-1912: Dial Square zuwa Royal Arsenal ===
[[Fayil:Arsenal_1888_squad_photo.jpg|thumb|Royal Arsenal tawagar a cikin 1888. Kyaftin din asali David Danskin yana zaune a hannun dama na benci.]]
Acikin watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1886, dan kasar Scotland David Danskin da abokan aikin makamai goma sha biyar a Woolwich sun kafa kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Dial Square, mai suna bayan wani bita a tsakiyar Royal Arsenal. Kowane memba ya ba da gudummawa shida, kuma Danskin ya kara shillings uku don taimakawa wajen kafa kulob din.&lt;ref name=&quot;dialsquare&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title='Royal Arsenal' formed in Woolwich |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/-royal-arsenal-formed-in-woolwich |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725142641/https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/-royal-arsenal-formed-in-woolwich |archive-date=25 July 2022 |access-date=2 November 2018 |website=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [bayanin 1] Dial Square ta buga wasan farko a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1886 a kan Eastern Wanderers kuma ta ci 6-0. An sake sunan kulob din Royal Arsenal a watan Janairun 1887,&lt;ref name=&quot;Royal Arsenal name&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=13 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Royal Arsenal |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7726 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501065626/http://thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7726 |archive-date=1 May 2015 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma gidansa na farko shine Plumstead Common,  kodayake sun shafe mafi yawan lokutan su suna wasa a Manor Ground.{{Sfn|Masters|1995}} Kyaututtuka na farko da suka samu sune Kent Senior Cup da London Charity Cup a 1889-90 da London Senior Cup a 1890-91; waɗannan su ne kawai kyaututtuka da Arsenal ta samu a lokacin da suke a Kudu maso Gabashin London.&lt;ref name=&quot;FirstCountyCup&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=1 March 2012 |title=122 years ago today – Arsenal's first Silverware &quot; The History of Arsenal |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329190212/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-date=29 March 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=7 March 2012 |title=121 Years ago today – Royal Arsenal's last trophy &quot; The History of Arsenal |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3154 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605041507/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3154 |archive-date=5 June 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 1891, Royal Arsenal ya zama kulob din farko na London da ya zama kwararre.&lt;ref name=&quot;TurnProfessional&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=9 May 2017 |title=Royal Arsenal FC Turn Professional – The Truth |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14579 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923114343/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14579 |archive-date=23 September 2017 |access-date=23 September 2017 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An sake sunan Royal Arsenal a karo na biyu bayan ya zama kamfani mai iyaka a cikin 1893. Sun yi rajistar sabon sunansu, Woolwich Arsenal, tare da Kungiyar kwallon kafa lokacin da kulob din ya hau daga baya a wannan shekarar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=20 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Woolwich Arsenal |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7728 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205024313/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7728 |archive-date=5 February 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; : 5-21 Woolwich Arsenal ita ce ta farko a kudancin kungiyar kwallon kafa, ta fara ne a rukuni na biyu kuma ta kai rukuni na farko a 1904. Rashin halartar taron, saboda matsalolin kudi tsakanin ma'aikatan makamai da isowar kungiyoyin kwallon kafa da suka fi dacewa a wasu wurare a cikin birni, ya jagoranci kulob din kusa da fatarar kuɗi a shekara ta 1910.  &lt;ref name=&quot;arsenal2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Sally |date=December 2007 |title=Woolwich Arsenal 1910 – the arrival of Hall and Norris |url=http://www.wrightanddavis.co.uk/Norris/SLWA10.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410074122/http://www.wrightanddavis.co.uk/Norris/SLWA10.html |archive-date=10 April 2016 |access-date=11 July 2016 |website=wrightanddavis.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; : 112-149 'Yan kasuwa Henry Norris da William Hall sun shiga cikin kulob din, kuma sun nemi su motsa su zuwa wani wuri.&lt;ref name=&quot;arsenal2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=12 April 2017 |title=Did Henry Norris Really Buy Arsenal? |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14520 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422072349/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14520 |archive-date=22 April 2017 |access-date=24 September 2017 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1912-1925: Bankin Ingila kulob din ===
A shekara ta 1913, ba da daɗewa ba bayan sake komawa zuwa Sashe na Biyu, kulob din ya koma haye kogi zuwa sabon [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] a Highbury.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kay&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kay |first=Joyce |year=2008 |title=It Wasn't Just Emily Davison! Sport, Suffrage and Society in Edwardian Britain |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360802212271 |url-status=live |journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport |volume=25 |issue=10 |pages=1343–1346 |doi=10.1080/09523360802212271 |issn=0952-3367 |s2cid=154063364 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230917130504/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09523360802212271 |archive-date=17 September 2023 |access-date=27 September 2021 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Club moves from Woolwich to Highbury |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/club-moves-from-woolwich-to-highbury |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927195634/https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/club-moves-from-woolwich-to-highbury |archive-date=27 September 2021 |access-date=27 September 2021 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 1919, Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta kada kuri'a don inganta Arsenal, maimakon masu adawa da gida [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]], a cikin sabon rukunin farko, duk da kammala na biyar a cikin rukunin na biyu na karshe kafin yakin 1914-15. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Arsenal ta fara sauke &quot;The&quot; a cikin takardun hukuma, a hankali ta sauya sunanta a karo na karshe zuwa Arsenal, kamar yadda aka fi sani a yau.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=30 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Arsenal F.C. |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7732 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150806204052/http://thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7732 |archive-date=6 August 2015 |access-date=12 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Herbert_Chapman_bust_20050922.jpg|right|thumb|Wani tagulla na Herbert Chapman yana tsaye a cikin Filin wasa na Emirates.]]

=== 1925-1934: Gunners na Herbert Chapman ===
Yanayin Arsenal da kuma kyautar albashin da aka bayar ya ja hankalin tauraruwar Huddersfield Town Herbert Chapman a shekarar 1925.  A cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa, Chapman ya gina sabon Arsenal na juyin juya hali. Da farko, ya nada sabon mai horar da shi, Tom Whittaker wanda wata rana zai tashi ya zama sanannen manajan Arsenal da kansa.{{Sfn|Whittaker|Peskett|1957}} Tare da taimakon mai kunnawa Charlie Buchan, ya aiwatar da tsarin WM wanda zai zama tushen tushe ga kayan aikinsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Charlie Buchan}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Jonathan Wilson (writer)}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kuma kama matasa masu basira kamar Cliff Bastin da Eddie Hapgood, yayin da yake ba da babbar kudin shiga ta Highbury a kan taurari kamar David Jack da Alex James.

=== 1934-1947: Shaw, Allison da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ===
Mutuwar Chapman tana nufin aikin ya bar wa abokan aikinsa Joe Shaw da George Allison, tare da dukansu sun tabbatar da kasancewa masu basira da cikakkun masu kula da ƙungiyar Chapman ta Arsenal, suna ganin hat-trick na nasarar league tare da lakabi na 1933-34, 1934-35, da 1937-38, sannan kuma sun ci gaba da lashe Kofin FA na 1936. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Joe Shaw |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEshawJ.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722210145/http://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEshawJ.htm |archive-date=22 July 2017 |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=George Allison |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSENALallison.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128085228/https://www.spartacus-educational.com/ARSENALallison.htm |archive-date=28 November 2022 |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1947-1962: Gunners na Tom Whittaker ===
Duk da wannan lokacin tashin hankali da rikici, Arsenal ta dawo don lashe gasar a karo na biyu bayan yakin 1947-48. Wannan shine kakar wasa ta farko ta Tom Whittaker a matsayin kocin, kuma yana nufin kulob din ya daidaita da rikodin zakaran Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRossHeneghanOrfordCulliton2016&quot;&gt;Ross, James; Heneghan, Michael; Orford, Stuart; Culliton, Eoin (25 August 2016). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Whittaker, duk da halin da yake da shi na tawali'u da tawali'unsa, ana kiransa &quot;ƙwaƙwalwa&quot; a bayan sanannen kungiyar Arsenal ta Chapman.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tom Whittaker |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEwhittaker.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422190134/https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEwhittaker.htm |archive-date=22 April 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 June 2015 |title=How did Tom Whittaker get Chapman to believe in him, and other anniversaries – The History of Arsenal |url=https://blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/12161 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240923022652/https://blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/12161 |archive-date=23 September 2024 |access-date=25 November 2023 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya tara ƙungiyar Arsenal mai cin nasara kuma mai ƙwarewa sosai duk da ƙarancin albarkatu, tare da salon wuta da faɗaɗa wanda ya haifar da babbar murya a lokacin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1962-1984: Billy Wright, Bertie Mee da Terry Neill ===
[[Fayil:Alan_Ball_and_Bertie_Mee.png|thumb|Alan Ball (hagu) da Bertie Mee (wanda ya jagoranci Arsenal zuwa sau biyu na farko a 1971), wanda aka zana a 1972]]
Arsenal ba za ta lashe League ko FA Cup ba har tsawon shekaru 18. Kungiyar '53 Champions ta tsufa, kuma kulob din ya kasa jawo hankalin masu karfi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Post-War Arsenal&amp;nbsp;– Overview |url=http://www.arsenal.com/history/post-war-arsenal/post-war-arsenal-overview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302080424/http://www.arsenal.com/history/post-war-arsenal/post-war-arsenal-overview |archive-date=2 March 2009 |access-date=27 November 2009 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kodayake Arsenal sun kasance masu gasa a cikin waɗannan shekarun, dukiyarsu ta ragu; kulob din ya shafe mafi yawan shekarun 1950 da 1960 a tsakiyar tebur.{{Sfn|Sowman|Wilson|2016}} Ko da tsohon kyaftin din Ingila Billy Wright bai iya kawo kulob din wani nasara ba a matsayin kocin, a cikin wani lokaci tsakanin 1962 da 1966.

=== 1984-1996: Arsenal na George Graham ===
[[Fayil:Tony_Adams_Statue.jpg|left|thumb|Hoton [[Tony Adams]] a waje da Filin wasa na Emirates]]
Ɗaya daga cikin masu cin nasara sau biyu na Mee, George Graham, ya dawo a matsayin kocin a 1986, tare da Arsenal ta lashe kofin League na farko a 1987, kakar farko ta Graham a matsayin mai kula. Sabbin sa hannu Nigel Winterburn, Lee Dixon da Steve Bould sun shiga kulob din a shekarar 1988 don kammala &quot;mashahurin Back Four&quot;, karkashin jagorancin dan wasan gida [[Tony Adams]]. [bayanin 3] Ka'idar Graham na ba da fifiko ga ƙwarewar tsaro da alama ta yi karo da al'adun gargajiya na kulob din a kusa da kwallon kafa, kuma mutane da yawa suna da shakku ko zai yi aiki tare da matasa a kulob din din a wannan lokacin; duk da haka, hanyoyinsa da sauri sun sami addini bayan nasarorin farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 May 2017 |title=Graham's Glory Years |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/grahams-glory-years/graham-s-glory-years-overview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611174653/https://www.arsenal.com/history/grahams-glory-years/graham-s-glory-years-overview |archive-date=11 June 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Graham's Glory Years}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1996-2018: Shekaru na Arsene Wenger ===
[[Fayil:GoldInvinciblesTrophy.jpg|alt=|thumb|Bayan kammala kakar Premier League guda daya da ba a ci nasara ba, an ba da kyautar zinare ta musamman ga Arsenal.]]
Kungiyar ta canza a lokacin mulkin kocin Faransa Arsène Wenger, wanda aka nada a watan Oktoba 1996. Harin kwallon kafa,  sake fasalin abinci da ayyukan motsa jiki,  da kuma ƙwararrun 'yan kallo [bayanin 5] sun bayyana mulkinsa. Tattara manyan 'yan wasa daga [[Faransa|ƙasarsu]] Wenger, kamar [[Patrick Vieira]] da [[Thierry Henry]], Arsenal ta lashe gasar League da Kofin sau biyu a 1997-98 da na uku a 2001-02. Bugu da kari, kulob din ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 1999-2000, sun ci nasara a wasan karshe na Kofin FA na 2003 da 2005, kuma sun lashe gasar Firimiya a 2003-04 ba tare da rasa wasa daya ba, nasarar da ta ba kungiyar sunan laƙabi &quot;The Invincibles&quot;. Wannan nasarar ta zo ne a cikin wasanni 49 da ba a ci nasara ba daga 7 ga Mayu 2003 zuwa 24 ga Oktoba 2004, rikodin ƙasa.

=== 2018-yanzu: Juyin halitta na bayan Wenger ===
Bayan gudanar da gyare-gyare a cikin tsarin aiki na kulob din don ya dace da tashiwar Wenger, an kira Mutanen Espanya [[Unai Emery]] a matsayin sabon kocin kulob din a ranar 23 ga Mayu 2018. Ya zama 'kocin kocin' na farko da kuma kocin na biyu daga wajen Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unai Emery announced as new Arsenal head coach |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/11382525/arsenal-confirm-appointment-of-unai-emery-as-new-head-coach |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041448/http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/11382525/arsenal-confirm-appointment-of-unai-emery-as-new-head-coach |archive-date=26 May 2018 |access-date=25 May 2018 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 May 2023 |title=Welcome Unai |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/welcome-unai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180523102932/https://www.arsenal.com/news/welcome-unai |archive-date=23 May 2018 |access-date=23 May 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kakar wasa ta farko ta Emery, Arsenal ta kammala ta biyar a gasar Firimiya kuma a matsayin ta biyu a gasar Europa League.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Premier League Tables 2018/19 |url=https://www.premierleague.com/tables?co=1&amp;se=210&amp;ha=-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217125722/https://www.premierleague.com/tables?co=1&amp;se=210&amp;ha=-1 |archive-date=17 February 2020 |access-date=14 September 2019 |website=Premier League}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 May 2019 |title=Chelsea win the 2019 UEFA Europa League |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0251-0e9ce2d466b4-6403225af104-1000--chelsea-win-the-2019-uefa-europa-league/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215024306/https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/newsid=2604835.html |archive-date=15 December 2019 |access-date=14 September 2019 |website=[[UEFA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 2019, an sallami Emery a matsayin kocin kuma tsohon dan wasa da mataimakin kocin tawagar farko [[Freddie Ljungberg]] an nada shi a matsayin koci na wucin gadi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 November 2019 |title=Arsenal sack Emery after worst run in 27 years |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/3999924/arsenal-sack-emery-after-worst-run-for-27-years-ljungberg-named-caretaker-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191129155717/https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/3999924/arsenal-sack-emery-after-worst-run-for-27-years-ljungberg-named-caretaker-manager |archive-date=29 November 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 20 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019, Arsenal ta nada tsohon kyaftin din kulob din [[Mikel Arteta]] a matsayin sabon kocin. Arsenal ta gama kakar 2019-20 a matsayi na takwas, mafi ƙasƙanci tun daga 1994-95, amma ya doke Chelsea 2-1-1 don samun nasarar cin Kofin FA na 14 .  Bayan kakar, an canza taken Arteta daga kocin zuwa manajan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 September 2020 |title=Arsenal change Arteta role as part of restructure |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/4178032/arsenal-change-arteta-to-manager-from-coach-as-part-of-restructuring-at-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114085210/https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/4178032/arsenal-change-arteta-to-manager-from-coach-as-part-of-restructuring-at-club |archive-date=14 January 2021 |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2021, an sanar da Arsenal a matsayin kulob din da ya kafa gasar Turai mai suna The Super League;  sun janye daga gasar kwana biyu bayan haka a cikin kuskuren duniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Super League |url=https://thesuperleague.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418235123/https://www.thesuperleague.com/ |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=20 April 2021 |website=thesuperleague.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta gama kakar 2020-21 a matsayi na takwas kuma, ba ta cancanci gasar Turai ba a karo na farko cikin shekaru 26.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 May 2021 |title=Arsenal fails to qualify for Europe for 1st time in 25 years |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/english-premier-league/arsenal-fails-to-qualify-for-europe-for-1st-time-in-25-years-7327569/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209191234/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/english-premier-league/arsenal-fails-to-qualify-for-europe-for-1st-time-in-25-years-7327569/ |archive-date=9 December 2021 |access-date=9 December 2021 |website=The Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kakar bayan (2021-22), Arteta ta tara ƙaramin rukuni a gasar Firimiya tare da matsakaicin shekaru 24 da kwanaki 308 - fiye da shekara guda ƙarami fiye da tawagar ta gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-09-15 |title=Our 2021/22 season in numbers |url=https://www.arsenal.com/premier-league-stats-review-emirates-stadium-attendance-goals-appearances |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026143444/https://www.arsenal.com/premier-league-stats-review-emirates-stadium-attendance-goals-appearances |archive-date=26 October 2022 |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Our 2021/22 season in numbers |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Adam |date=24 May 2022 |title=Premier League: Top trends revealed for the 2021/22 season |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12611391/premier-league-top-trends-revealed-for-the-2021-22-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128184759/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12611391/premier-league-top-trends-revealed-for-the-2021-22-season |archive-date=28 November 2022 |access-date=9 September 2024 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun gama a matsayi na biyar a gasar Firimiya a wannan shekarar, kuma sun cancanci gasar UEFA 

=== Masu samar da kayan aiki da masu tallafawa rigar ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Kayan Arsenal &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527155718/http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |archive-date=27 May 2019 |access-date=27 January 2022 |publisher=Historical Football Kits}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!Lokacin
!Mai ƙera kayan aiki
!Mai tallafawa Shirt (kashin kai) 
!Mai tallafawa Shirt (wandan hannu) 
|-
|1886–1930
|Ba a san shi ba
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Babu
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Babu
|-
|1930–1970
|Bukta
|-
|1971–1981
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Umbro
|-
|1981–1986
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |JVC
|-
|1986–1994
|[[Adidas]]
|-
|1994–1999
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Nike
|-
|1999–2002
|Dreamcast Sega&lt;br /&gt;
|-
|2002–2006
|O2
|-
|2006–2014
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |[[Emirates]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Emirates and Arsenal Renew Sponsorship Deal |url=https://www.emirates.com/media-centre/emirates-and-arsenal-renew-sponsorship-deal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714222642/https://www.emirates.com/media-centre/emirates-and-arsenal-renew-sponsorship-deal |archive-date=14 July 2021 |access-date=24 February 2019 |website=www.emirates.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2014–2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Puma
|-
|2018–2019
| rowspan=&quot;2 &quot; |Ziyarar Rwanda&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal partner with 'Visit Rwanda' |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/club-welcomes-visit-rwanda-new-partner |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802014646/https://www.arsenal.com/news/club-welcomes-visit-rwanda-new-partner |archive-date=2 August 2021 |access-date=23 May 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019–2026
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Adidas]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Adidas and Arsenal launch new home kit |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/adidas-and-arsenal-launch-new-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701174645/https://www.arsenal.com/news/adidas-and-arsenal-launch-new-home-kit |archive-date=1 July 2019 |access-date=1 July 2019 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2026–
|Deel, Inc.
|-
|}

== Filin wasa ==
[[Fayil:Manor_Ground,_Woolwich_Arsenal_vs._Everton.jpg|right|thumb|Manor Ground, Woolwich Arsenal vs. [[Everton FC|Everton]]]]
Kafin ya shiga Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa, Arsenal ta taka leda a takaice a Plumstead Common, sannan a Manor Ground a Plumste, sannan ya shafe shekaru uku tsakanin 1890 da 1893 a kusa da Invicta Ground. Bayan shiga Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa a shekara ta 1893, kulob din ya koma Manor Ground kuma ya shigar da dakuna da terrace, yana inganta shi daga filin wasa kawai. Arsenal ta ci gaba da buga wasanninsu na gida a can na shekaru ashirin masu zuwa (tare da banbanci biyu a kakar 1894-95), har zuwa lokacin da suka koma arewacin London a 1913. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Simon Inglis}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An fi sani da Highbury, [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] shine gidan kulob din daga Satumba 1913 har zuwa Mayu 2006. Mashahurin masanin ƙwallon ƙafa Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin wasan na asali, kuma yana da ƙirar da ta saba da yawancin filin ƙwallon ƙwallon kafa a Burtaniya a lokacin, tare da ɗaki ɗaya da aka rufe da bankunan iska guda uku.&lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2005 |title=A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London |url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-date=4 February 2012 |access-date=4 February 2012 |publisher=Islington Council}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba da cikakken filin wasan babban gyare-gyare a cikin shekarun 1930: an gina sabon Art Deco West da East, an buɗe shi a cikin 1932 da 1936 bi da bi, kuma an kara rufin zuwa filin Arewacin Bank, wanda aka jefa bam a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu kuma ba a dawo da shi ba har zuwa 1954. &lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot; /&gt;

Highbury na iya ɗaukar masu kallo sama da 60,000 a mafi girma, kuma yana da damar 57,000 har zuwa farkon shekarun 1990. Rahoton Taylor da ka'idojin Premier League sun tilasta wa Arsenal ta canza Highbury zuwa filin wasa mai cike da kujeru a lokacin kakar 1993-94, don haka rage damar zuwa masu kallo 38,419 da ke zaune.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Highbury |url=http://www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=The+Club&amp;article=344883&amp;Title=Highbury |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111223345/http://www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=The+Club&amp;article=344883&amp;Title=Highbury |archive-date=11 January 2008 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dole ne a kara rage wannan damar a lokacin wasannin [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai]] don karɓar ƙarin allon talla, don haka don lokutan biyu, daga 1998 zuwa 2000, Arsenal ta buga wasannin gida na gasar zakaruna a Wembley, wanda zai iya ɗaukar masu kallo sama da 70,000.
[[Fayil:Arsenal_Stadium_interior_North_Bank.jpg|alt=A grandstand at a sports stadium. The seats are predominantly red.|right|thumb|Gidan Arewacin Bank, [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]], Highbury]]
An ƙuntata fadada Highbury saboda an sanya Gabashin Gabas a matsayin ginin da aka jera na Grade II kuma sauran uku suna kusa da kadarorin zama.&lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2005 |title=A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London |url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-date=4 February 2012 |access-date=4 February 2012 |publisher=Islington Council}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf &quot;A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan iyakoki sun hana kulob din kara yawan kudaden shiga a cikin shekarun 1990 da shekaru goma na farko na karni na 21, suna sanya su cikin haɗarin barin su a baya a cikin bunkasar kwallon kafa na wannan lokacin. Bayan la'akari da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, a cikin 2000 Arsenal ta ba da shawarar gina sabon filin wasa mai iyawa 60,361 a Ashburton Grove, tun lokacin da ake Filin wasa na Emirates, kimanin mita 500 kudu maso yammacin Highbury. Da farko an jinkirta aikin ne saboda jan tef da hauhawar farashi,  kuma an kammala ginin a watan Yulin 2006, a lokacin da za a fara kakar 2006-07.  An sanya sunan filin wasan ne bayan masu tallafawa, kamfanin jirgin sama na Emirates, wanda kulob din ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tallafawa mafi girma a tarihin Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila, wanda ya kai kimanin fam miliyan 100. Wasu magoya baya sun kira filin Ashburton Grove, ko Grove, saboda ba su yarda da tallafin kamfanoni na sunayen filin wasa ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dawes |first=Brian |year=2006 |title=The 'E' Word |url=http://www.arsenal-world.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&amp;id=283908 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008060533/http://www.arsenal-world.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&amp;id=283908 |archive-date=8 October 2006 |access-date=11 August 2008 |website=Arsenal World |publisher=Footymad}}&lt;/ref&gt; Za a san filin wasan a hukumance da filin wasa na Emirates har zuwa akalla 2028, kuma kamfanin jirgin sama zai zama mai tallafawa kulob din har zuwa akasin haka 2024.   Tun daga farkon kakar 2010-11 zuwa gaba, an san wuraren wasan a matsayin Bankin Arewa, Gabashin Gabas, Yammacin Yamma da ƙarshen Agogo. Matsayin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa yanzu yana tsaye a 60,704.&lt;ref name=&quot;cap2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Premier League Handbook 2020/21 |url=https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2021/04/07/6ebff069-a7ee-415d-afbd-15878b6d33b2/2020-21-PL-Handbook-240321.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412002820/https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2021/04/07/6ebff069-a7ee-415d-afbd-15878b6d33b2/2020-21-PL-Handbook-240321.pdf |archive-date=12 April 2021 |access-date=12 April 2021 |publisher=Premier League |page=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;{{Wide image|Emirates Stadium - East stand Club Level.jpg|1367px|A [[panorama]] of the [[Emirates Stadium]] before a match}}

== 'Yan wasa ==

=== Kungiyar farko ===
{{Updated|24 January 2026}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.arsenal.com/men/players |title=Squad: Men |publisher=Arsenal F.C. |access-date=1 September 2025}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Kididdiga da rikodin ==
[[Fayil:Thierry_Henry_applauding_2012.jpg|thumb|[[Thierry Henry]] shine mai zira kwallaye na Arsenal, tare da kwallaye 228 a duk gasa.]]
Arsenal ta ƙwallon ƙafa 13 League Championship ita ce na uku mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙwallon Ingila, bayan Liverpool (20) da Manchester United (20), &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James M |date=28 August 2009 |title=England&amp;nbsp;– List of Champions |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engchamp.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730154323/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engchamp.html |archive-date=30 July 2022 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma su ne kulob na farko da ya kai na bakwai da na takwas League Championship. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2020, suna ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi bakwai, sauran su ne Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], Manchester City, Leicester City da Liverpool, waɗanda suka lashe gasar Firimiya tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 1992. &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;

Suna riƙe da mafi yawan kyaututtuka na FA Cup, tare da 14.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James M |date=12 June 2009 |title=England FA Challenge Cup Finals |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engcuphist.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113115049/http://rsssf.com/tablese/engcuphist.html |archive-date=13 January 2010 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin kungiyoyi shida kawai da suka lashe kofin FA Sau biyu a jere, a 2002 da 2003, da 2014 da 2015.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt; Arsenal ta samu nasarar League da FA Cup &quot;Doubles&quot; sau uku (a 1971, 1998 da 2002), wani abin da Manchester United ta samu a baya (a 1994, 1996 da 1999).  &lt;ref name=&quot;FCHD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=https://www.fchd.info/ARSENAL.HTM |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091106003337/http://fchd.info/ARSENAL.HTM |archive-date=6 November 2009 |access-date=23 October 2009 |website=Football Club History Database |publisher=Richard Rundle}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stokkermans |first=Karel |date=24 September 2009 |title=Doing the Double: Countrywise Records |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/doublerec.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126184235/http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/doublerec.html |archive-date=26 November 2015 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun kasance rukuni na farko a cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila don kammala FA Cup da League Cup sau biyu, a 1993. Arsenal kuma ita ce kulob din farko na London da ta kai wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA, a shekara ta 2006, inda ta sha kashi 2-1 a [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal Football Club |url=http://www.premierleague.com/page/arsenal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913103452/http://www.premierleague.com/page/arsenal |archive-date=13 September 2008 |access-date=11 August 2008 |publisher=Premier League}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Arsenal tana da daya daga cikin mafi kyawun rikodin jirgin sama a tarihi, bayan sun gama ƙasa da goma sha huɗu sau bakwai kawai. Sun lashe wasanni na biyu mafi girma a gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, kuma sun tara maki na biyu mafi yawa, &lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF1stLevelAllTime&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pietarinen |first=Heikki |date=24 August 2017 |title=England – First Level All-Time Tables |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engalltime.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824181412/http://www.rsssf.com/tablese/engalltime.html |archive-date=24 August 2017 |access-date=24 August 2017 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPietarinen2017&quot;&gt;Pietarinen, Heikki (24 August 2017). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; ko an lissafa su da maki biyu a kowace nasara &lt;ref name=&quot;All Time Table&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=English Premier League : Full All Time Table |url=http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/all-time-table/full |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320225558/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/all-time-table/full |archive-date=20 March 2017 |access-date=21 January 2016 |website=statto.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko kuma da darajar maki na zamani. Sun kasance a cikin saman jirgin sama na mafi yawan lokutan jere (98 kamar yadda 2023-24).  &lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRossHeneghanOrfordCulliton2016&quot;&gt;Ross, James; Heneghan, Michael; Orford, Stuart; Culliton, Eoin (25 August 2016). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;All-time Arsenal&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=James |first=Josh |date=18 June 2013 |title=All-time Arsenal |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/features/48523/behind-the-numbers- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622042610/https://www.arsenal.com/news/features/48523/behind-the-numbers- |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Seasons Spent in the Top Flight of English Football by Clubs from 1888–89 to 2023–24 |url=https://www.myfootballfacts.com/england_footy/football-league/seasons-in-top-flight/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209052735/https://www.myfootballfacts.com/england_footy/football-league/seasons-in-top-flight/ |archive-date=9 December 2021 |access-date=23 September 2023 |website=My Football Facts}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, Arsenal tana da matsayi mafi girma a cikin karni na 20, tare da matsakaicin matsayi na 8.5. 

Arsenal tana riƙe da rikodin mafi tsawo na wasannin League da ba a ci ba (49 tsakanin Mayu 2003 da Oktoba 2004).  Wannan ya hada da dukkan wasannin 38 na nasarar da suka samu a kakar 2003-04, lokacin da Arsenal ta zama kulob na biyu da ta kammala yakin neman zabe ba tare da an ci nasara ba, bayan Preston North End (wanda ya buga wasanni 22 kawai) a 1888-89.&lt;ref name=&quot;49 Unbeaten&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 June 2017 |title=49 Unbeaten |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records/the-unbeaten-record |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112010642/https://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records/the-unbeaten-record |archive-date=12 November 2020 |access-date=14 April 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, suna riƙe da rikodin mafi tsawo a saman jirgin sama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EPL Records&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Records |url=http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107021729/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/records |archive-date=7 November 2011 |access-date=22 March 2016 |website=statto.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta kafa rikodin gasar zakarun Turai a lokacin kakar 2005-06 ta hanyar buga wasanni goma ba tare da ba da kwallo ba, ta doke mafi kyawun bakwai da AC Milan ta kafa. Sun tafi jimlar rikodin minti 995 ba tare da barin abokin hamayyar ya ci kwallo ba; tseren ya ƙare a wasan karshe, lokacin da [[Samuel Eto'o]] ya zira kwallaye 76 na Barcelona.&amp;nbsp;

David O'Leary yana da rikodin bayyanar Arsenal, bayan ya buga wasanni 722 na farko tsakanin 1975 da 1993. Rabin tsakiya kuma tsohon kyaftin din [[Tony Adams]] ya zo na biyu, bayan ya buga sau 669. David Seaman ne ke riƙe da rikodin [[Mai tsaran raga|Mai tsaron gida]], tare da bayyanar 564. &lt;ref name=&quot;clubrecords&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Club Records |url=http://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905054109/http://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records |archive-date=5 September 2015 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Thierry Henry]] shine babban mai zira kwallaye a kulob din tare da kwallaye 228 a duk gasa tsakanin 1999 da 2012;  ya wuce jimlar Ian Wright na 185 a watan Oktoba 2005.  Rubuce-rubucen Wright sun tsaya tun watan Satumbar 1997, lokacin da ya wuce jimlar kwallaye 178 da mai tsaron gida Cliff Bastin ya kafa a shekarar 1939.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ward |first=Rupert |title=Arsenal vs Bolton. 13/0&lt;!-- no format change --&gt;9/97 |url=http://www.arseweb.com/97-98/reports/130997.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008220109/http://www.arseweb.com/97-98/reports/130997.html |archive-date=8 October 2015 |access-date=11 August 2008 |publisher=Arseweb}}&lt;/ref&gt; Henry kuma yana da rikodin kulob din don burin da aka zira a League, tare da 175,  rikodin da Bastin ya rike har zuwa Fabrairu 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;henry&quot; /&gt; Declan Rice yana riƙe da farashin sa hannu na Arsenal bayan an kammala yarjejeniya da [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a watan Yulin 2023, don £ 100 miliyan na farko. Wannan ya wuce tsohon rikodin na fam miliyan 72 ga [[Nicolas Pépé|Nicolas Pepe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 July 2023 |title=Declan Rice: Arsenal sign England midfielder from West Ham in club-record £105m deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/12913870/declan-rice-arsenal-sign-england-midfielder-from-west-ham-in-club-record-lb105m-deal |publisher=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daraja ==
Arsenal ta lashe kyautar azurfa ta farko a matsayin Royal Arsenal a shekara ta 1890. Kofin Kent Junior, wanda Royal Arsenal ta lashe, shine Kofin FA na kulob din, yayin da kofin farko ya zo makonni uku bayan haka lokacin da suka lashe kofin Kent Senior . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=1 March 2012 |title=122 years ago today – Arsenal's first Silverware |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329190212/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-date=29 March 2016 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=The History of Arsenal (AISA Arsenal History Society)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;aftlu&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |title=Arsenal first team line ups |url=http://thearsenalhistory.com/stat/aftlu.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715102949/http://thearsenalhistory.com/stat/aftlu.htm |archive-date=15 July 2016 |access-date=15 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; Babban girmamawa na farko na kasa ya zo ne a 1930, lokacin da suka lashe Kofin FA.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 August 2007 |title=GGM 36: Arsenal win their first major trophy |url=http://www.arsenal.com/ggm-36-arsenal-win-their-first-major-trophy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923185120/http://www.arsenal.com/ggm-36-arsenal-win-their-first-major-trophy |archive-date=23 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar ta ci gaba da samun nasara a cikin shekarun 1930, inda ta lashe kofin FA da kuma gasar kwallon kafa ta farko guda biyar.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 &quot;125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1936–1940 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1936-40 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930230223/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1936-40 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta lashe gasar zakarun farko da kofin sau biyu a kakar 1970-71 kuma sau biyu ta sake maimaita wannan, a 1997-98 da 2001-02, tare da lashe kofin sau uku na FA Cup da League Cup a 1992-93.  Shekarar 2003-04 ita ce kawai kakar wasanni 38 da ba a ci nasara ba a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila. An ba da izinin zinare na musamman na gasar Firimiya kuma an gabatar da shi ga kulob din a kakar wasa mai zuwa.
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%; text-align:center;&quot;
|+Kyautar Arsenal FC
! style=&quot;width: 1%;&quot; |Irin wannan
! style=&quot;width: 5%;&quot; |Gasar
! style=&quot;width: 1%;&quot; |Takardun sarauta
! style=&quot;width: 21%;&quot; |Lokaci
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; scope=&quot;rowgroup&quot; |'''A cikin gida'''
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Sashe na Farko / Premier League{{Efn|Upon its formation in 1992, the [[Premier League]] became the top tier of [[Football in England|English football]]; the [[English Football League|Football League]] [[Football League First Division|First]] and [[Football League Second Division|Second Divisions]] then became the second and third tiers, respectively. From 2004, the First Division became the [[EFL Championship|Championship]] and the Second Division became [[EFL League One|League One]].}}
|13
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1930–31, 1932–33, 1933–34, 1934–35, 1937–38, 1947–48, 1952–53, 1970–71, 1988–89, 1990–91, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin FA
| style=&quot;background-color:gold&quot; |'''14'''
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1929–30, 1935–36, 1949–50, 1970–71, 1978–79, 1992–93, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2019–20
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin EFL{{Efn|Until 2016, the unsponsored name of the EFL Cup was the Football League Cup.}}
|2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1986–87, 1992–93
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Garkuwar Jama'a ta FA{{Efn|Until 2002, the FA Community Shield was known as the FA Charity Shield.}}
|17
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1930, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1938, 1948, 1953, 1991, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2020, 2023
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Centenary na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa
| style=&quot;background-color:gold&quot; |'''1'''
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1988
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;rowgroup&quot; |'''Yankin nahiyar'''
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Masu Gasar Cin Kofin UEFA
|1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1993–94
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Kasuwanci na Kasuwanci
|1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1969–70
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
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      <text bytes="50215" sha1="i0j2i1awbyeeuzaqwg7t2us0bhah7f6" xml:space="preserve">{{Mukala mai kyau}}{{Databox}}

'''Kungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta Arsenal''' kungiya ce ta ƙwararrun [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila]] da ke zaune a Islington, Arewacin London, Ingila. Suna fafatawa a [[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]], matakin farko na kwallon kafa na Ingila. A cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na cikin gida, Arsenal ta lashe lambobin league 13 (ciki har da lambar yabo guda ɗaya da ba a ci ba), rikodin Kofin FA 14, Kofin League 2, 17 FA Community Shields da kuma Kofin Centenary na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa. A cikin Kwallon ƙafa na Turai, sun lashe kofin Turai guda ɗaya da kuma kofin Inter-Cities Fairs guda ɗaya. Dangane da kyaututtuka da aka samu, ita ce kulob na uku mafi nasara a kwallon kafa na Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal FC – history, facts and records |url=https://www.footballhistory.org/club/arsenal.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925230002/https://footballhistory.org/club/arsenal.html |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=2023-12-16 |website=footballhistory.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Arsenal ita ce kulob din farko daga kudancin Ingila da ta shiga gasar kwallon kafa acikin shekara ta 1893, a hukumance ta shiga kungiyar farko acikin shekara ta 1904. Arsenal tana ɗaukar matsayi mafi tsawo a cikin rukunin farko (sama da shekaru 105 da ƙidaya) kuma ta kammala karni na 20 tare da matsayi mafi girma na kowane kulob.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta lashe wasanni na biyu mafi girma a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF1stLevelAllTime&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pietarinen |first=Heikki |date=24 August 2017 |title=England – First Level All-Time Tables |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engalltime.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824181412/http://www.rsssf.com/tablese/engalltime.html |archive-date=24 August 2017 |access-date=24 August 2017 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekarun 1930, Arsenal ta lashe gasar zakarun League biyar da kofin FA guda biyu, tare da wani kofin FA da wasu kofin biyu da suka zo bayan yakin. A cikin 1970-71, ta lashe gasar League da FA Cup sau biyu. Tsakanin shekara ta 1989 zuwa shekara ta 2005, kulob din ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai biyar da kofin FA guda biyar, ciki har da karin sau biyu. Tsakanin 1998 da 2017, Arsenal ta cancanci [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] don rikodin kwallon kafa na Ingila na shekaru goma sha tara a jere.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dawson |first=Alan |title=Here's how much money Arsenal has lost after failing to qualify for the Champions League |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/arsenal-will-lose-50-million-if-the-club-fail-to-qualify-for-the-champions-league-2017-5 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417140419/https://www.businessinsider.com/arsenal-will-lose-50-million-if-the-club-fail-to-qualify-for-the-champions-league-2017-5 |archive-date=17 April 2024 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Acikin shekara ta 1886, ma'aikatan makamai a Royal Arsenal a Woolwich sun kafa kulob din a matsayin Dial Square . A shekara ta 1913, kulob din ya haye birnin zuwa [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] a Highbury, ya zama makwabta na kusa da [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]], don haka ya haifar da wasan derby na Arewacin London. Herbert Chapman ya lashe kulob din azurfa na farko, kuma abin da ya bari ya ba da damar yin amfani da ganima a cikin shekarun 1930. Ya taimaka wajen gabatar da tsarin WM, fitilu, da Lambobin rigar; &lt;ref name=&quot;Herbert Chapman Hall of Fame&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Herbert Chapman |url=http://www.nationalfootballmuseum.com/halloffame/herbert-chapman |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418113836/http://www.nationalfootballmuseum.com/halloffame/herbert-chapman |archive-date=18 April 2016 |access-date=20 March 2016 |publisher=National Football Museum}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya kuma kara fararen hannayen hannu da ja mai haske ga rigar kulob din. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=http://historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711145624/http://historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |archive-date=11 July 2020 |access-date=11 July 2020 |website= |publisher=Historical Football Kits}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsène Wenger shine kocin kulob din da ya fi dadewa kuma ya lashe mafi yawan kyaututtuka. Ya lashe kofin FA guda bakwai, kuma tawagarsa ta uku kuma ta karshe da ta lashe lambar yabo ta kafa rikodin Ingila don mafi tsawo a wasanni 49 tsakanin shekara ta 2003 da 2004, yana karɓar laƙabi The Invincibles .

A shekara ta 2006, kulob din ya koma Filin wasa na Emirates da ke kusa. Tare da kudaden shiga na shekara-shekara na £ 616.6m a cikin kakar 2023-24, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-28 |title=Financial Results |url=https://www.arsenal.com/the-club/corporate-info/arsenal-holdings-financial-results |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Financial Results |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Forbes'' ta kiyasta Arsenal ta kai dala biliyan 3.4, yana mai da ita kulob din kwallon kafa na takwas mafi daraja a duniya, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal on the Forbes Soccer Team Valuations List |url=https://www.forbes.com/teams/arsenal/ |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Forbes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; yayin da kuma kasancewa daya daga cikin kungiyoyin wasanni da aka fi bi a duniya a kan [[Dandalin Sada Zumunta|kafofin sada zumunta]].  Taken kulob din shine ''Victoria Concordia Crescit'', Latin don &quot;Victory Through Harmony&quot;.

== Tarihi ==

=== 1886-1912: Dial Square zuwa Royal Arsenal ===
[[Fayil:Arsenal_1888_squad_photo.jpg|thumb|Royal Arsenal tawagar a cikin 1888. Kyaftin din asali David Danskin yana zaune a hannun dama na benci.]]
Acikin watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1886, dan kasar Scotland David Danskin da abokan aikin makamai goma sha biyar a Woolwich sun kafa kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Dial Square, mai suna bayan wani bita a tsakiyar Royal Arsenal. Kowane memba ya ba da gudummawa shida, kuma Danskin ya kara shillings uku don taimakawa wajen kafa kulob din.&lt;ref name=&quot;dialsquare&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title='Royal Arsenal' formed in Woolwich |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/-royal-arsenal-formed-in-woolwich |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725142641/https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/-royal-arsenal-formed-in-woolwich |archive-date=25 July 2022 |access-date=2 November 2018 |website=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [bayanin 1] Dial Square ta buga wasan farko a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1886 a kan Eastern Wanderers kuma ta ci 6-0. An sake sunan kulob din Royal Arsenal a watan Janairun 1887,&lt;ref name=&quot;Royal Arsenal name&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=13 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Royal Arsenal |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7726 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501065626/http://thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7726 |archive-date=1 May 2015 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma gidansa na farko shine Plumstead Common,  kodayake sun shafe mafi yawan lokutan su suna wasa a Manor Ground.{{Sfn|Masters|1995}} Kyaututtuka na farko da suka samu sune Kent Senior Cup da London Charity Cup a 1889-90 da London Senior Cup a 1890-91; waɗannan su ne kawai kyaututtuka da Arsenal ta samu a lokacin da suke a Kudu maso Gabashin London.&lt;ref name=&quot;FirstCountyCup&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=1 March 2012 |title=122 years ago today – Arsenal's first Silverware &quot; The History of Arsenal |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329190212/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-date=29 March 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=7 March 2012 |title=121 Years ago today – Royal Arsenal's last trophy &quot; The History of Arsenal |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3154 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605041507/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3154 |archive-date=5 June 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; Acikin shekara ta 1891, Royal Arsenal ya zama kulob din farko na London da ya zama kwararre.&lt;ref name=&quot;TurnProfessional&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=9 May 2017 |title=Royal Arsenal FC Turn Professional – The Truth |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14579 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923114343/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14579 |archive-date=23 September 2017 |access-date=23 September 2017 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An sake sunan Royal Arsenal a karo na biyu bayan ya zama kamfani mai iyaka a cikin 1893. Sun yi rajistar sabon sunansu, Woolwich Arsenal, tare da Kungiyar kwallon kafa lokacin da kulob din ya hau daga baya a wannan shekarar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=20 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Woolwich Arsenal |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7728 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205024313/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7728 |archive-date=5 February 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; : 5-21 Woolwich Arsenal ita ce ta farko a kudancin kungiyar kwallon kafa, ta fara ne a rukuni na biyu kuma ta kai rukuni na farko a 1904. Rashin halartar taron, saboda matsalolin kudi tsakanin ma'aikatan makamai da isowar kungiyoyin kwallon kafa da suka fi dacewa a wasu wurare a cikin birni, ya jagoranci kulob din kusa da fatarar kuɗi a shekara ta 1910.  &lt;ref name=&quot;arsenal2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Sally |date=December 2007 |title=Woolwich Arsenal 1910 – the arrival of Hall and Norris |url=http://www.wrightanddavis.co.uk/Norris/SLWA10.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410074122/http://www.wrightanddavis.co.uk/Norris/SLWA10.html |archive-date=10 April 2016 |access-date=11 July 2016 |website=wrightanddavis.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; : 112-149 'Yan kasuwa Henry Norris da William Hall sun shiga cikin kulob din, kuma sun nemi su motsa su zuwa wani wuri.&lt;ref name=&quot;arsenal2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=12 April 2017 |title=Did Henry Norris Really Buy Arsenal? |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14520 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422072349/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14520 |archive-date=22 April 2017 |access-date=24 September 2017 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1912-1925: Bankin Ingila kulob din ===
A shekara ta 1913, ba da daɗewa ba bayan sake komawa zuwa Sashe na Biyu, kulob din ya koma haye kogi zuwa sabon [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] a Highbury.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kay&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kay |first=Joyce |year=2008 |title=It Wasn't Just Emily Davison! Sport, Suffrage and Society in Edwardian Britain |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360802212271 |url-status=live |journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport |volume=25 |issue=10 |pages=1343–1346 |doi=10.1080/09523360802212271 |issn=0952-3367 |s2cid=154063364 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230917130504/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09523360802212271 |archive-date=17 September 2023 |access-date=27 September 2021 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Club moves from Woolwich to Highbury |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/club-moves-from-woolwich-to-highbury |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927195634/https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/club-moves-from-woolwich-to-highbury |archive-date=27 September 2021 |access-date=27 September 2021 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 1919, Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta kada kuri'a don inganta Arsenal, maimakon masu adawa da gida [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]], a cikin sabon rukunin farko, duk da kammala na biyar a cikin rukunin na biyu na karshe kafin yakin 1914-15. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Arsenal ta fara sauke &quot;The&quot; a cikin takardun hukuma, a hankali ta sauya sunanta a karo na karshe zuwa Arsenal, kamar yadda aka fi sani a yau.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=30 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Arsenal F.C. |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7732 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150806204052/http://thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7732 |archive-date=6 August 2015 |access-date=12 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Herbert_Chapman_bust_20050922.jpg|right|thumb|Wani tagulla na Herbert Chapman yana tsaye a cikin Filin wasa na Emirates.]]

=== 1925-1934: Gunners na Herbert Chapman ===
Yanayin Arsenal da kuma kyautar albashin da aka bayar ya ja hankalin tauraruwar Huddersfield Town Herbert Chapman a shekarar 1925.  A cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa, Chapman ya gina sabon Arsenal na juyin juya hali. Da farko, ya nada sabon mai horar da shi, Tom Whittaker wanda wata rana zai tashi ya zama sanannen manajan Arsenal da kansa.{{Sfn|Whittaker|Peskett|1957}} Tare da taimakon mai kunnawa Charlie Buchan, ya aiwatar da tsarin WM wanda zai zama tushen tushe ga kayan aikinsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Charlie Buchan}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Jonathan Wilson (writer)}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kuma kama matasa masu basira kamar Cliff Bastin da Eddie Hapgood, yayin da yake ba da babbar kudin shiga ta Highbury a kan taurari kamar David Jack da Alex James.

=== 1934-1947: Shaw, Allison da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ===
Mutuwar Chapman tana nufin aikin ya bar wa abokan aikinsa Joe Shaw da George Allison, tare da dukansu sun tabbatar da kasancewa masu basira da cikakkun masu kula da ƙungiyar Chapman ta Arsenal, suna ganin hat-trick na nasarar league tare da lakabi na 1933-34, 1934-35, da 1937-38, sannan kuma sun ci gaba da lashe Kofin FA na 1936. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Joe Shaw |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEshawJ.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722210145/http://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEshawJ.htm |archive-date=22 July 2017 |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=George Allison |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSENALallison.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128085228/https://www.spartacus-educational.com/ARSENALallison.htm |archive-date=28 November 2022 |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1947-1962: Gunners na Tom Whittaker ===
Duk da wannan lokacin tashin hankali da rikici, Arsenal ta dawo don lashe gasar a karo na biyu bayan yakin 1947-48. Wannan shine kakar wasa ta farko ta Tom Whittaker a matsayin kocin, kuma yana nufin kulob din ya daidaita da rikodin zakaran Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRossHeneghanOrfordCulliton2016&quot;&gt;Ross, James; Heneghan, Michael; Orford, Stuart; Culliton, Eoin (25 August 2016). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Whittaker, duk da halin da yake da shi na tawali'u da tawali'unsa, ana kiransa &quot;ƙwaƙwalwa&quot; a bayan sanannen kungiyar Arsenal ta Chapman.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tom Whittaker |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEwhittaker.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422190134/https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEwhittaker.htm |archive-date=22 April 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 June 2015 |title=How did Tom Whittaker get Chapman to believe in him, and other anniversaries – The History of Arsenal |url=https://blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/12161 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240923022652/https://blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/12161 |archive-date=23 September 2024 |access-date=25 November 2023 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya tara ƙungiyar Arsenal mai cin nasara kuma mai ƙwarewa sosai duk da ƙarancin albarkatu, tare da salon wuta da faɗaɗa wanda ya haifar da babbar murya a lokacin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1962-1984: Billy Wright, Bertie Mee da Terry Neill ===
[[Fayil:Alan_Ball_and_Bertie_Mee.png|thumb|Alan Ball (hagu) da Bertie Mee (wanda ya jagoranci Arsenal zuwa sau biyu na farko a 1971), wanda aka zana a 1972]]
Arsenal ba za ta lashe League ko FA Cup ba har tsawon shekaru 18. Kungiyar '53 Champions ta tsufa, kuma kulob din ya kasa jawo hankalin masu karfi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Post-War Arsenal&amp;nbsp;– Overview |url=http://www.arsenal.com/history/post-war-arsenal/post-war-arsenal-overview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302080424/http://www.arsenal.com/history/post-war-arsenal/post-war-arsenal-overview |archive-date=2 March 2009 |access-date=27 November 2009 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kodayake Arsenal sun kasance masu gasa a cikin waɗannan shekarun, dukiyarsu ta ragu; kulob din ya shafe mafi yawan shekarun 1950 da 1960 a tsakiyar tebur.{{Sfn|Sowman|Wilson|2016}} Ko da tsohon kyaftin din Ingila Billy Wright bai iya kawo kulob din wani nasara ba a matsayin kocin, a cikin wani lokaci tsakanin 1962 da 1966.

=== 1984-1996: Arsenal na George Graham ===
[[Fayil:Tony_Adams_Statue.jpg|left|thumb|Hoton [[Tony Adams]] a waje da Filin wasa na Emirates]]
Ɗaya daga cikin masu cin nasara sau biyu na Mee, George Graham, ya dawo a matsayin kocin a 1986, tare da Arsenal ta lashe kofin League na farko a 1987, kakar farko ta Graham a matsayin mai kula. Sabbin sa hannu Nigel Winterburn, Lee Dixon da Steve Bould sun shiga kulob din a shekarar 1988 don kammala &quot;mashahurin Back Four&quot;, karkashin jagorancin dan wasan gida [[Tony Adams]]. [bayanin 3] Ka'idar Graham na ba da fifiko ga ƙwarewar tsaro da alama ta yi karo da al'adun gargajiya na kulob din a kusa da kwallon kafa, kuma mutane da yawa suna da shakku ko zai yi aiki tare da matasa a kulob din din a wannan lokacin; duk da haka, hanyoyinsa da sauri sun sami addini bayan nasarorin farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 May 2017 |title=Graham's Glory Years |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/grahams-glory-years/graham-s-glory-years-overview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611174653/https://www.arsenal.com/history/grahams-glory-years/graham-s-glory-years-overview |archive-date=11 June 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Graham's Glory Years}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1996-2018: Shekaru na Arsene Wenger ===
[[Fayil:GoldInvinciblesTrophy.jpg|alt=|thumb|Bayan kammala kakar Premier League guda daya da ba a ci nasara ba, an ba da kyautar zinare ta musamman ga Arsenal.]]
Kungiyar ta canza a lokacin mulkin kocin Faransa Arsène Wenger, wanda aka nada a watan Oktoba 1996. Harin kwallon kafa,  sake fasalin abinci da ayyukan motsa jiki,  da kuma ƙwararrun 'yan kallo [bayanin 5] sun bayyana mulkinsa. Tattara manyan 'yan wasa daga [[Faransa|ƙasarsu]] Wenger, kamar [[Patrick Vieira]] da [[Thierry Henry]], Arsenal ta lashe gasar League da Kofin sau biyu a 1997-98 da na uku a 2001-02. Bugu da kari, kulob din ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 1999-2000, sun ci nasara a wasan karshe na Kofin FA na 2003 da 2005, kuma sun lashe gasar Firimiya a 2003-04 ba tare da rasa wasa daya ba, nasarar da ta ba kungiyar sunan laƙabi &quot;The Invincibles&quot;. Wannan nasarar ta zo ne a cikin wasanni 49 da ba a ci nasara ba daga 7 ga Mayu 2003 zuwa 24 ga Oktoba 2004, rikodin ƙasa.

=== 2018-yanzu: Juyin halitta na bayan Wenger ===
Bayan gudanar da gyare-gyare a cikin tsarin aiki na kulob din don ya dace da tashiwar Wenger, an kira Mutanen Espanya [[Unai Emery]] a matsayin sabon kocin kulob din a ranar 23 ga Mayu 2018. Ya zama 'kocin kocin' na farko da kuma kocin na biyu daga wajen Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unai Emery announced as new Arsenal head coach |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/11382525/arsenal-confirm-appointment-of-unai-emery-as-new-head-coach |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041448/http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/11382525/arsenal-confirm-appointment-of-unai-emery-as-new-head-coach |archive-date=26 May 2018 |access-date=25 May 2018 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 May 2023 |title=Welcome Unai |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/welcome-unai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180523102932/https://www.arsenal.com/news/welcome-unai |archive-date=23 May 2018 |access-date=23 May 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kakar wasa ta farko ta Emery, Arsenal ta kammala ta biyar a gasar Firimiya kuma a matsayin ta biyu a gasar Europa League.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Premier League Tables 2018/19 |url=https://www.premierleague.com/tables?co=1&amp;se=210&amp;ha=-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217125722/https://www.premierleague.com/tables?co=1&amp;se=210&amp;ha=-1 |archive-date=17 February 2020 |access-date=14 September 2019 |website=Premier League}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 May 2019 |title=Chelsea win the 2019 UEFA Europa League |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0251-0e9ce2d466b4-6403225af104-1000--chelsea-win-the-2019-uefa-europa-league/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215024306/https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/newsid=2604835.html |archive-date=15 December 2019 |access-date=14 September 2019 |website=[[UEFA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 2019, an sallami Emery a matsayin kocin kuma tsohon dan wasa da mataimakin kocin tawagar farko [[Freddie Ljungberg]] an nada shi a matsayin koci na wucin gadi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 November 2019 |title=Arsenal sack Emery after worst run in 27 years |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/3999924/arsenal-sack-emery-after-worst-run-for-27-years-ljungberg-named-caretaker-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191129155717/https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/3999924/arsenal-sack-emery-after-worst-run-for-27-years-ljungberg-named-caretaker-manager |archive-date=29 November 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 20 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019, Arsenal ta nada tsohon kyaftin din kulob din [[Mikel Arteta]] a matsayin sabon kocin. Arsenal ta gama kakar 2019-20 a matsayi na takwas, mafi ƙasƙanci tun daga 1994-95, amma ya doke Chelsea 2-1-1 don samun nasarar cin Kofin FA na 14 .  Bayan kakar, an canza taken Arteta daga kocin zuwa manajan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 September 2020 |title=Arsenal change Arteta role as part of restructure |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/4178032/arsenal-change-arteta-to-manager-from-coach-as-part-of-restructuring-at-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114085210/https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/4178032/arsenal-change-arteta-to-manager-from-coach-as-part-of-restructuring-at-club |archive-date=14 January 2021 |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2021, an sanar da Arsenal a matsayin kulob din da ya kafa gasar Turai mai suna The Super League;  sun janye daga gasar kwana biyu bayan haka a cikin kuskuren duniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Super League |url=https://thesuperleague.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418235123/https://www.thesuperleague.com/ |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=20 April 2021 |website=thesuperleague.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta gama kakar 2020-21 a matsayi na takwas kuma, ba ta cancanci gasar Turai ba a karo na farko cikin shekaru 26.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 May 2021 |title=Arsenal fails to qualify for Europe for 1st time in 25 years |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/english-premier-league/arsenal-fails-to-qualify-for-europe-for-1st-time-in-25-years-7327569/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209191234/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/english-premier-league/arsenal-fails-to-qualify-for-europe-for-1st-time-in-25-years-7327569/ |archive-date=9 December 2021 |access-date=9 December 2021 |website=The Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kakar bayan (2021-22), Arteta ta tara ƙaramin rukuni a gasar Firimiya tare da matsakaicin shekaru 24 da kwanaki 308 - fiye da shekara guda ƙarami fiye da tawagar ta gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-09-15 |title=Our 2021/22 season in numbers |url=https://www.arsenal.com/premier-league-stats-review-emirates-stadium-attendance-goals-appearances |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026143444/https://www.arsenal.com/premier-league-stats-review-emirates-stadium-attendance-goals-appearances |archive-date=26 October 2022 |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Our 2021/22 season in numbers |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Adam |date=24 May 2022 |title=Premier League: Top trends revealed for the 2021/22 season |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12611391/premier-league-top-trends-revealed-for-the-2021-22-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128184759/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12611391/premier-league-top-trends-revealed-for-the-2021-22-season |archive-date=28 November 2022 |access-date=9 September 2024 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun gama a matsayi na biyar a gasar Firimiya a wannan shekarar, kuma sun cancanci gasar UEFA 

=== Masu samar da kayan aiki da masu tallafawa rigar ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Kayan Arsenal &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527155718/http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |archive-date=27 May 2019 |access-date=27 January 2022 |publisher=Historical Football Kits}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!Lokacin
!Mai ƙera kayan aiki
!Mai tallafawa Shirt (kashin kai) 
!Mai tallafawa Shirt (wandan hannu) 
|-
|1886–1930
|Ba a san shi ba
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Babu
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Babu
|-
|1930–1970
|Bukta
|-
|1971–1981
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Umbro
|-
|1981–1986
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |JVC
|-
|1986–1994
|[[Adidas]]
|-
|1994–1999
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Nike
|-
|1999–2002
|Dreamcast Sega&lt;br /&gt;
|-
|2002–2006
|O2
|-
|2006–2014
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |[[Emirates]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Emirates and Arsenal Renew Sponsorship Deal |url=https://www.emirates.com/media-centre/emirates-and-arsenal-renew-sponsorship-deal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714222642/https://www.emirates.com/media-centre/emirates-and-arsenal-renew-sponsorship-deal |archive-date=14 July 2021 |access-date=24 February 2019 |website=www.emirates.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2014–2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Puma
|-
|2018–2019
| rowspan=&quot;2 &quot; |Ziyarar Rwanda&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal partner with 'Visit Rwanda' |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/club-welcomes-visit-rwanda-new-partner |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802014646/https://www.arsenal.com/news/club-welcomes-visit-rwanda-new-partner |archive-date=2 August 2021 |access-date=23 May 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019–2026
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Adidas]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Adidas and Arsenal launch new home kit |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/adidas-and-arsenal-launch-new-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701174645/https://www.arsenal.com/news/adidas-and-arsenal-launch-new-home-kit |archive-date=1 July 2019 |access-date=1 July 2019 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2026–
|Deel, Inc.
|-
|}

== Filin wasa ==
[[Fayil:Manor_Ground,_Woolwich_Arsenal_vs._Everton.jpg|right|thumb|Manor Ground, Woolwich Arsenal vs. [[Everton FC|Everton]]]]
Kafin ya shiga Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa, Arsenal ta taka leda a takaice a Plumstead Common, sannan a Manor Ground a Plumste, sannan ya shafe shekaru uku tsakanin 1890 da 1893 a kusa da Invicta Ground. Bayan shiga Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa a shekara ta 1893, kulob din ya koma Manor Ground kuma ya shigar da dakuna da terrace, yana inganta shi daga filin wasa kawai. Arsenal ta ci gaba da buga wasanninsu na gida a can na shekaru ashirin masu zuwa (tare da banbanci biyu a kakar 1894-95), har zuwa lokacin da suka koma arewacin London a 1913. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Simon Inglis}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An fi sani da Highbury, [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] shine gidan kulob din daga Satumba 1913 har zuwa Mayu 2006. Mashahurin masanin ƙwallon ƙafa Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin wasan na asali, kuma yana da ƙirar da ta saba da yawancin filin ƙwallon ƙwallon kafa a Burtaniya a lokacin, tare da ɗaki ɗaya da aka rufe da bankunan iska guda uku.&lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2005 |title=A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London |url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-date=4 February 2012 |access-date=4 February 2012 |publisher=Islington Council}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba da cikakken filin wasan babban gyare-gyare a cikin shekarun 1930: an gina sabon Art Deco West da East, an buɗe shi a cikin 1932 da 1936 bi da bi, kuma an kara rufin zuwa filin Arewacin Bank, wanda aka jefa bam a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu kuma ba a dawo da shi ba har zuwa 1954. &lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot; /&gt;

Highbury na iya ɗaukar masu kallo sama da 60,000 a mafi girma, kuma yana da damar 57,000 har zuwa farkon shekarun 1990. Rahoton Taylor da ka'idojin Premier League sun tilasta wa Arsenal ta canza Highbury zuwa filin wasa mai cike da kujeru a lokacin kakar 1993-94, don haka rage damar zuwa masu kallo 38,419 da ke zaune.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Highbury |url=http://www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=The+Club&amp;article=344883&amp;Title=Highbury |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111223345/http://www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=The+Club&amp;article=344883&amp;Title=Highbury |archive-date=11 January 2008 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dole ne a kara rage wannan damar a lokacin wasannin [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai]] don karɓar ƙarin allon talla, don haka don lokutan biyu, daga 1998 zuwa 2000, Arsenal ta buga wasannin gida na gasar zakaruna a Wembley, wanda zai iya ɗaukar masu kallo sama da 70,000.
[[Fayil:Arsenal_Stadium_interior_North_Bank.jpg|alt=A grandstand at a sports stadium. The seats are predominantly red.|right|thumb|Gidan Arewacin Bank, [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]], Highbury]]
An ƙuntata fadada Highbury saboda an sanya Gabashin Gabas a matsayin ginin da aka jera na Grade II kuma sauran uku suna kusa da kadarorin zama.&lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2005 |title=A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London |url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-date=4 February 2012 |access-date=4 February 2012 |publisher=Islington Council}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf &quot;A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan iyakoki sun hana kulob din kara yawan kudaden shiga a cikin shekarun 1990 da shekaru goma na farko na karni na 21, suna sanya su cikin haɗarin barin su a baya a cikin bunkasar kwallon kafa na wannan lokacin. Bayan la'akari da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, a cikin 2000 Arsenal ta ba da shawarar gina sabon filin wasa mai iyawa 60,361 a Ashburton Grove, tun lokacin da ake Filin wasa na Emirates, kimanin mita 500 kudu maso yammacin Highbury. Da farko an jinkirta aikin ne saboda jan tef da hauhawar farashi,  kuma an kammala ginin a watan Yulin 2006, a lokacin da za a fara kakar 2006-07.  An sanya sunan filin wasan ne bayan masu tallafawa, kamfanin jirgin sama na Emirates, wanda kulob din ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tallafawa mafi girma a tarihin Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila, wanda ya kai kimanin fam miliyan 100. Wasu magoya baya sun kira filin Ashburton Grove, ko Grove, saboda ba su yarda da tallafin kamfanoni na sunayen filin wasa ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dawes |first=Brian |year=2006 |title=The 'E' Word |url=http://www.arsenal-world.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&amp;id=283908 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008060533/http://www.arsenal-world.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&amp;id=283908 |archive-date=8 October 2006 |access-date=11 August 2008 |website=Arsenal World |publisher=Footymad}}&lt;/ref&gt; Za a san filin wasan a hukumance da filin wasa na Emirates har zuwa akalla 2028, kuma kamfanin jirgin sama zai zama mai tallafawa kulob din har zuwa akasin haka 2024.   Tun daga farkon kakar 2010-11 zuwa gaba, an san wuraren wasan a matsayin Bankin Arewa, Gabashin Gabas, Yammacin Yamma da ƙarshen Agogo. Matsayin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa yanzu yana tsaye a 60,704.&lt;ref name=&quot;cap2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Premier League Handbook 2020/21 |url=https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2021/04/07/6ebff069-a7ee-415d-afbd-15878b6d33b2/2020-21-PL-Handbook-240321.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412002820/https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2021/04/07/6ebff069-a7ee-415d-afbd-15878b6d33b2/2020-21-PL-Handbook-240321.pdf |archive-date=12 April 2021 |access-date=12 April 2021 |publisher=Premier League |page=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;{{Wide image|Emirates Stadium - East stand Club Level.jpg|1367px|A [[panorama]] of the [[Emirates Stadium]] before a match}}

== 'Yan wasa ==

=== Kungiyar farko ===
{{Updated|24 January 2026}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.arsenal.com/men/players |title=Squad: Men |publisher=Arsenal F.C. |access-date=1 September 2025}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Kididdiga da rikodin ==
[[Fayil:Thierry_Henry_applauding_2012.jpg|thumb|[[Thierry Henry]] shine mai zira kwallaye na Arsenal, tare da kwallaye 228 a duk gasa.]]
Arsenal ta ƙwallon ƙafa 13 League Championship ita ce na uku mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙwallon Ingila, bayan Liverpool (20) da Manchester United (20), &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James M |date=28 August 2009 |title=England&amp;nbsp;– List of Champions |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engchamp.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730154323/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engchamp.html |archive-date=30 July 2022 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma su ne kulob na farko da ya kai na bakwai da na takwas League Championship. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2020, suna ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi bakwai, sauran su ne Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], Manchester City, Leicester City da Liverpool, waɗanda suka lashe gasar Firimiya tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 1992. &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;

Suna riƙe da mafi yawan kyaututtuka na FA Cup, tare da 14.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James M |date=12 June 2009 |title=England FA Challenge Cup Finals |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engcuphist.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113115049/http://rsssf.com/tablese/engcuphist.html |archive-date=13 January 2010 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin kungiyoyi shida kawai da suka lashe kofin FA Sau biyu a jere, a 2002 da 2003, da 2014 da 2015.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt; Arsenal ta samu nasarar League da FA Cup &quot;Doubles&quot; sau uku (a 1971, 1998 da 2002), wani abin da Manchester United ta samu a baya (a 1994, 1996 da 1999).  &lt;ref name=&quot;FCHD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=https://www.fchd.info/ARSENAL.HTM |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091106003337/http://fchd.info/ARSENAL.HTM |archive-date=6 November 2009 |access-date=23 October 2009 |website=Football Club History Database |publisher=Richard Rundle}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stokkermans |first=Karel |date=24 September 2009 |title=Doing the Double: Countrywise Records |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/doublerec.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126184235/http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/doublerec.html |archive-date=26 November 2015 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun kasance rukuni na farko a cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila don kammala FA Cup da League Cup sau biyu, a 1993. Arsenal kuma ita ce kulob din farko na London da ta kai wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA, a shekara ta 2006, inda ta sha kashi 2-1 a [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal Football Club |url=http://www.premierleague.com/page/arsenal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913103452/http://www.premierleague.com/page/arsenal |archive-date=13 September 2008 |access-date=11 August 2008 |publisher=Premier League}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Arsenal tana da daya daga cikin mafi kyawun rikodin jirgin sama a tarihi, bayan sun gama ƙasa da goma sha huɗu sau bakwai kawai. Sun lashe wasanni na biyu mafi girma a gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, kuma sun tara maki na biyu mafi yawa, &lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF1stLevelAllTime&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pietarinen |first=Heikki |date=24 August 2017 |title=England – First Level All-Time Tables |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engalltime.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824181412/http://www.rsssf.com/tablese/engalltime.html |archive-date=24 August 2017 |access-date=24 August 2017 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPietarinen2017&quot;&gt;Pietarinen, Heikki (24 August 2017). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; ko an lissafa su da maki biyu a kowace nasara &lt;ref name=&quot;All Time Table&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=English Premier League : Full All Time Table |url=http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/all-time-table/full |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320225558/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/all-time-table/full |archive-date=20 March 2017 |access-date=21 January 2016 |website=statto.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko kuma da darajar maki na zamani. Sun kasance a cikin saman jirgin sama na mafi yawan lokutan jere (98 kamar yadda 2023-24).  &lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRossHeneghanOrfordCulliton2016&quot;&gt;Ross, James; Heneghan, Michael; Orford, Stuart; Culliton, Eoin (25 August 2016). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;All-time Arsenal&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=James |first=Josh |date=18 June 2013 |title=All-time Arsenal |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/features/48523/behind-the-numbers- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622042610/https://www.arsenal.com/news/features/48523/behind-the-numbers- |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Seasons Spent in the Top Flight of English Football by Clubs from 1888–89 to 2023–24 |url=https://www.myfootballfacts.com/england_footy/football-league/seasons-in-top-flight/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209052735/https://www.myfootballfacts.com/england_footy/football-league/seasons-in-top-flight/ |archive-date=9 December 2021 |access-date=23 September 2023 |website=My Football Facts}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, Arsenal tana da matsayi mafi girma a cikin karni na 20, tare da matsakaicin matsayi na 8.5. 

Arsenal tana riƙe da rikodin mafi tsawo na wasannin League da ba a ci ba (49 tsakanin Mayu 2003 da Oktoba 2004).  Wannan ya hada da dukkan wasannin 38 na nasarar da suka samu a kakar 2003-04, lokacin da Arsenal ta zama kulob na biyu da ta kammala yakin neman zabe ba tare da an ci nasara ba, bayan Preston North End (wanda ya buga wasanni 22 kawai) a 1888-89.&lt;ref name=&quot;49 Unbeaten&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 June 2017 |title=49 Unbeaten |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records/the-unbeaten-record |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112010642/https://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records/the-unbeaten-record |archive-date=12 November 2020 |access-date=14 April 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, suna riƙe da rikodin mafi tsawo a saman jirgin sama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EPL Records&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Records |url=http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107021729/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/records |archive-date=7 November 2011 |access-date=22 March 2016 |website=statto.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta kafa rikodin gasar zakarun Turai a lokacin kakar 2005-06 ta hanyar buga wasanni goma ba tare da ba da kwallo ba, ta doke mafi kyawun bakwai da AC Milan ta kafa. Sun tafi jimlar rikodin minti 995 ba tare da barin abokin hamayyar ya ci kwallo ba; tseren ya ƙare a wasan karshe, lokacin da [[Samuel Eto'o]] ya zira kwallaye 76 na Barcelona.&amp;nbsp;

David O'Leary yana da rikodin bayyanar Arsenal, bayan ya buga wasanni 722 na farko tsakanin 1975 da 1993. Rabin tsakiya kuma tsohon kyaftin din [[Tony Adams]] ya zo na biyu, bayan ya buga sau 669. David Seaman ne ke riƙe da rikodin [[Mai tsaran raga|Mai tsaron gida]], tare da bayyanar 564. &lt;ref name=&quot;clubrecords&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Club Records |url=http://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905054109/http://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records |archive-date=5 September 2015 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Thierry Henry]] shine babban mai zira kwallaye a kulob din tare da kwallaye 228 a duk gasa tsakanin 1999 da 2012;  ya wuce jimlar Ian Wright na 185 a watan Oktoba 2005.  Rubuce-rubucen Wright sun tsaya tun watan Satumbar 1997, lokacin da ya wuce jimlar kwallaye 178 da mai tsaron gida Cliff Bastin ya kafa a shekarar 1939.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ward |first=Rupert |title=Arsenal vs Bolton. 13/0&lt;!-- no format change --&gt;9/97 |url=http://www.arseweb.com/97-98/reports/130997.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008220109/http://www.arseweb.com/97-98/reports/130997.html |archive-date=8 October 2015 |access-date=11 August 2008 |publisher=Arseweb}}&lt;/ref&gt; Henry kuma yana da rikodin kulob din don burin da aka zira a League, tare da 175,  rikodin da Bastin ya rike har zuwa Fabrairu 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;henry&quot; /&gt; Declan Rice yana riƙe da farashin sa hannu na Arsenal bayan an kammala yarjejeniya da [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a watan Yulin 2023, don £ 100 miliyan na farko. Wannan ya wuce tsohon rikodin na fam miliyan 72 ga [[Nicolas Pépé|Nicolas Pepe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 July 2023 |title=Declan Rice: Arsenal sign England midfielder from West Ham in club-record £105m deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/12913870/declan-rice-arsenal-sign-england-midfielder-from-west-ham-in-club-record-lb105m-deal |publisher=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daraja ==
Arsenal ta lashe kyautar azurfa ta farko a matsayin Royal Arsenal a shekara ta 1890. Kofin Kent Junior, wanda Royal Arsenal ta lashe, shine Kofin FA na kulob din, yayin da kofin farko ya zo makonni uku bayan haka lokacin da suka lashe kofin Kent Senior . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=1 March 2012 |title=122 years ago today – Arsenal's first Silverware |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329190212/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-date=29 March 2016 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=The History of Arsenal (AISA Arsenal History Society)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;aftlu&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |title=Arsenal first team line ups |url=http://thearsenalhistory.com/stat/aftlu.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715102949/http://thearsenalhistory.com/stat/aftlu.htm |archive-date=15 July 2016 |access-date=15 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; Babban girmamawa na farko na kasa ya zo ne a 1930, lokacin da suka lashe Kofin FA.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 August 2007 |title=GGM 36: Arsenal win their first major trophy |url=http://www.arsenal.com/ggm-36-arsenal-win-their-first-major-trophy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923185120/http://www.arsenal.com/ggm-36-arsenal-win-their-first-major-trophy |archive-date=23 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar ta ci gaba da samun nasara a cikin shekarun 1930, inda ta lashe kofin FA da kuma gasar kwallon kafa ta farko guda biyar.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 &quot;125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1936–1940 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1936-40 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930230223/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1936-40 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta lashe gasar zakarun farko da kofin sau biyu a kakar 1970-71 kuma sau biyu ta sake maimaita wannan, a 1997-98 da 2001-02, tare da lashe kofin sau uku na FA Cup da League Cup a 1992-93.  Shekarar 2003-04 ita ce kawai kakar wasanni 38 da ba a ci nasara ba a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila. An ba da izinin zinare na musamman na gasar Firimiya kuma an gabatar da shi ga kulob din a kakar wasa mai zuwa.
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%; text-align:center;&quot;
|+Kyautar Arsenal FC
! style=&quot;width: 1%;&quot; |Irin wannan
! style=&quot;width: 5%;&quot; |Gasar
! style=&quot;width: 1%;&quot; |Takardun sarauta
! style=&quot;width: 21%;&quot; |Lokaci
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; scope=&quot;rowgroup&quot; |'''A cikin gida'''
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Sashe na Farko / Premier League{{Efn|Upon its formation in 1992, the [[Premier League]] became the top tier of [[Football in England|English football]]; the [[English Football League|Football League]] [[Football League First Division|First]] and [[Football League Second Division|Second Divisions]] then became the second and third tiers, respectively. From 2004, the First Division became the [[EFL Championship|Championship]] and the Second Division became [[EFL League One|League One]].}}
|13
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1930–31, 1932–33, 1933–34, 1934–35, 1937–38, 1947–48, 1952–53, 1970–71, 1988–89, 1990–91, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin FA
| style=&quot;background-color:gold&quot; |'''14'''
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1929–30, 1935–36, 1949–50, 1970–71, 1978–79, 1992–93, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2019–20
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin EFL{{Efn|Until 2016, the unsponsored name of the EFL Cup was the Football League Cup.}}
|2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1986–87, 1992–93
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Garkuwar Jama'a ta FA{{Efn|Until 2002, the FA Community Shield was known as the FA Charity Shield.}}
|17
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1930, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1938, 1948, 1953, 1991, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2020, 2023
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Centenary na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa
| style=&quot;background-color:gold&quot; |'''1'''
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1988
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;rowgroup&quot; |'''Yankin nahiyar'''
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Masu Gasar Cin Kofin UEFA
|1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1993–94
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Kasuwanci na Kasuwanci
|1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1969–70
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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        <username>Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu</username>
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      <text bytes="50228" sha1="agrtqjzlbes4cbzvep0bwidzam9yz2y" xml:space="preserve">{{Mukala mai kyau}}{{Databox}}

'''Kungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta Arsenal''' kungiya ce ta ƙwararrun [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila]] da ke zaune a Islington, Arewacin London, Ingila. Suna fafatawa a [[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]], matakin farko na kwallon kafa na Ingila. A cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na cikin gida, Arsenal ta lashe lambobin league 13 (ciki har da lambar yabo guda ɗaya da ba a ci ba), rikodin Kofin FA 14, Kofin League 2, 17 FA Community Shields da kuma Kofin Centenary na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa. A cikin Kwallon ƙafa na Turai, sun lashe kofin Turai guda ɗaya da kuma kofin Inter-Cities Fairs guda ɗaya. Dangane da kyaututtuka da aka samu, ita ce kulob na uku mafi nasara a kwallon kafa na Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal FC – history, facts and records |url=https://www.footballhistory.org/club/arsenal.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925230002/https://footballhistory.org/club/arsenal.html |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=2023-12-16 |website=footballhistory.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Arsenal ita ce kulob din farko daga kudancin Ingila da ta shiga gasar kwallon kafa acikin shekara ta 1893, a hukumance ta shiga kungiyar farko acikin shekara ta 1904. Arsenal tana ɗaukar matsayi mafi tsawo a cikin rukunin farko (sama da shekaru 105 da ƙidaya) kuma ta kammala karni na 20 tare da matsayi mafi girma na kowane kulob.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta lashe wasanni na biyu mafi girma a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF1stLevelAllTime&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pietarinen |first=Heikki |date=24 August 2017 |title=England – First Level All-Time Tables |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engalltime.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824181412/http://www.rsssf.com/tablese/engalltime.html |archive-date=24 August 2017 |access-date=24 August 2017 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekarun 1930, Arsenal ta lashe gasar zakarun League biyar da kofin FA guda biyu, tare da wani kofin FA da wasu kofin biyu da suka zo bayan yakin. A cikin 1970-71, ta lashe gasar League da FA Cup sau biyu. Tsakanin shekara ta 1989 zuwa shekara ta 2005, kulob din ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai biyar da kofin FA guda biyar, ciki har da karin sau biyu. Tsakanin 1998 da 2017, Arsenal ta cancanci [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] don rikodin kwallon kafa na Ingila na shekaru goma sha tara a jere.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dawson |first=Alan |title=Here's how much money Arsenal has lost after failing to qualify for the Champions League |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/arsenal-will-lose-50-million-if-the-club-fail-to-qualify-for-the-champions-league-2017-5 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417140419/https://www.businessinsider.com/arsenal-will-lose-50-million-if-the-club-fail-to-qualify-for-the-champions-league-2017-5 |archive-date=17 April 2024 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Acikin shekara ta 1886, ma'aikatan makamai a Royal Arsenal a Woolwich sun kafa kulob din a matsayin Dial Square . A shekara ta 1913, kulob din ya haye birnin zuwa [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] a Highbury, ya zama makwabta na kusa da [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]], don haka ya haifar da wasan derby na Arewacin London. Herbert Chapman ya lashe kulob din azurfa na farko, kuma abin da ya bari ya ba da damar yin amfani da ganima a cikin shekarun 1930. Ya taimaka wajen gabatar da tsarin WM, fitilu, da Lambobin rigar; &lt;ref name=&quot;Herbert Chapman Hall of Fame&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Herbert Chapman |url=http://www.nationalfootballmuseum.com/halloffame/herbert-chapman |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418113836/http://www.nationalfootballmuseum.com/halloffame/herbert-chapman |archive-date=18 April 2016 |access-date=20 March 2016 |publisher=National Football Museum}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya kuma kara fararen hannayen hannu da ja mai haske ga rigar kulob din. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=http://historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711145624/http://historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |archive-date=11 July 2020 |access-date=11 July 2020 |website= |publisher=Historical Football Kits}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsène Wenger shine kocin kulob din da ya fi dadewa kuma ya lashe mafi yawan kyaututtuka. Ya lashe kofin FA guda bakwai, kuma tawagarsa ta uku kuma ta karshe da ta lashe lambar yabo ta kafa rikodin Ingila don mafi tsawo a wasanni 49 tsakanin shekara ta 2003 da 2004, yana karɓar laƙabi The Invincibles .

A shekara ta 2006, kulob din ya koma Filin wasa na Emirates da ke kusa. Tare da kudaden shiga na shekara-shekara na £ 616.6m a cikin kakar 2023-24, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-28 |title=Financial Results |url=https://www.arsenal.com/the-club/corporate-info/arsenal-holdings-financial-results |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Financial Results |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Forbes'' ta kiyasta Arsenal ta kai dala biliyan 3.4, yana mai da ita kulob din kwallon kafa na takwas mafi daraja a duniya, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal on the Forbes Soccer Team Valuations List |url=https://www.forbes.com/teams/arsenal/ |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Forbes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; yayin da kuma kasancewa daya daga cikin kungiyoyin wasanni da aka fi bi a duniya a kan [[Dandalin Sada Zumunta|kafofin sada zumunta]].  Taken kulob din shine ''Victoria Concordia Crescit'', Latin don &quot;Victory Through Harmony&quot;.

== Tarihi ==

=== 1886-1912: Dial Square zuwa Royal Arsenal ===
[[Fayil:Arsenal_1888_squad_photo.jpg|thumb|Royal Arsenal tawaga ne a cikin shekara ta 1888. Kyaftin din asali David Danskin yana zaune a hannun dama na benci.]]
Acikin watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1886, dan kasar Scotland David Danskin da abokan aikin makamai goma sha biyar a Woolwich sun kafa kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Dial Square, mai suna bayan wani bita a tsakiyar Royal Arsenal. Kowane memba ya ba da gudummawa shida, kuma Danskin ya kara shillings uku don taimakawa wajen kafa kulob din.&lt;ref name=&quot;dialsquare&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title='Royal Arsenal' formed in Woolwich |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/-royal-arsenal-formed-in-woolwich |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725142641/https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/-royal-arsenal-formed-in-woolwich |archive-date=25 July 2022 |access-date=2 November 2018 |website=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [bayanin 1] Dial Square ta buga wasan farko a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1886 a kan Eastern Wanderers kuma ta ci 6-0. An sake sunan kulob din Royal Arsenal a watan Janairun 1887,&lt;ref name=&quot;Royal Arsenal name&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=13 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Royal Arsenal |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7726 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501065626/http://thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7726 |archive-date=1 May 2015 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma gidansa na farko shine Plumstead Common,  kodayake sun shafe mafi yawan lokutan su suna wasa a Manor Ground.{{Sfn|Masters|1995}} Kyaututtuka na farko da suka samu sune Kent Senior Cup da London Charity Cup a 1889-90 da London Senior Cup a 1890-91; waɗannan su ne kawai kyaututtuka da Arsenal ta samu a lokacin da suke a Kudu maso Gabashin London.&lt;ref name=&quot;FirstCountyCup&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=1 March 2012 |title=122 years ago today – Arsenal's first Silverware &quot; The History of Arsenal |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329190212/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-date=29 March 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=7 March 2012 |title=121 Years ago today – Royal Arsenal's last trophy &quot; The History of Arsenal |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3154 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605041507/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3154 |archive-date=5 June 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; Acikin shekara ta 1891, Royal Arsenal ya zama kulob din farko na London da ya zama kwararre.&lt;ref name=&quot;TurnProfessional&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=9 May 2017 |title=Royal Arsenal FC Turn Professional – The Truth |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14579 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923114343/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14579 |archive-date=23 September 2017 |access-date=23 September 2017 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An sake sunan Royal Arsenal a karo na biyu bayan ya zama kamfani mai iyaka a cikin 1893. Sun yi rajistar sabon sunansu, Woolwich Arsenal, tare da Kungiyar kwallon kafa lokacin da kulob din ya hau daga baya a wannan shekarar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=20 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Woolwich Arsenal |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7728 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205024313/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7728 |archive-date=5 February 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; : 5-21 Woolwich Arsenal ita ce ta farko a kudancin kungiyar kwallon kafa, ta fara ne a rukuni na biyu kuma ta kai rukuni na farko a 1904. Rashin halartar taron, saboda matsalolin kudi tsakanin ma'aikatan makamai da isowar kungiyoyin kwallon kafa da suka fi dacewa a wasu wurare a cikin birni, ya jagoranci kulob din kusa da fatarar kuɗi a shekara ta 1910.  &lt;ref name=&quot;arsenal2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Sally |date=December 2007 |title=Woolwich Arsenal 1910 – the arrival of Hall and Norris |url=http://www.wrightanddavis.co.uk/Norris/SLWA10.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410074122/http://www.wrightanddavis.co.uk/Norris/SLWA10.html |archive-date=10 April 2016 |access-date=11 July 2016 |website=wrightanddavis.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; : 112-149 'Yan kasuwa Henry Norris da William Hall sun shiga cikin kulob din, kuma sun nemi su motsa su zuwa wani wuri.&lt;ref name=&quot;arsenal2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=12 April 2017 |title=Did Henry Norris Really Buy Arsenal? |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14520 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422072349/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14520 |archive-date=22 April 2017 |access-date=24 September 2017 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1912-1925: Bankin Ingila kulob din ===
A shekara ta 1913, ba da daɗewa ba bayan sake komawa zuwa Sashe na Biyu, kulob din ya koma haye kogi zuwa sabon [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] a Highbury.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kay&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kay |first=Joyce |year=2008 |title=It Wasn't Just Emily Davison! Sport, Suffrage and Society in Edwardian Britain |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360802212271 |url-status=live |journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport |volume=25 |issue=10 |pages=1343–1346 |doi=10.1080/09523360802212271 |issn=0952-3367 |s2cid=154063364 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230917130504/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09523360802212271 |archive-date=17 September 2023 |access-date=27 September 2021 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Club moves from Woolwich to Highbury |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/club-moves-from-woolwich-to-highbury |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927195634/https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/club-moves-from-woolwich-to-highbury |archive-date=27 September 2021 |access-date=27 September 2021 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 1919, Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta kada kuri'a don inganta Arsenal, maimakon masu adawa da gida [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]], a cikin sabon rukunin farko, duk da kammala na biyar a cikin rukunin na biyu na karshe kafin yakin 1914-15. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Arsenal ta fara sauke &quot;The&quot; a cikin takardun hukuma, a hankali ta sauya sunanta a karo na karshe zuwa Arsenal, kamar yadda aka fi sani a yau.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=30 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Arsenal F.C. |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7732 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150806204052/http://thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7732 |archive-date=6 August 2015 |access-date=12 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Herbert_Chapman_bust_20050922.jpg|right|thumb|Wani tagulla na Herbert Chapman yana tsaye a cikin Filin wasa na Emirates.]]

=== 1925-1934: Gunners na Herbert Chapman ===
Yanayin Arsenal da kuma kyautar albashin da aka bayar ya ja hankalin tauraruwar Huddersfield Town Herbert Chapman a shekarar 1925.  A cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa, Chapman ya gina sabon Arsenal na juyin juya hali. Da farko, ya nada sabon mai horar da shi, Tom Whittaker wanda wata rana zai tashi ya zama sanannen manajan Arsenal da kansa.{{Sfn|Whittaker|Peskett|1957}} Tare da taimakon mai kunnawa Charlie Buchan, ya aiwatar da tsarin WM wanda zai zama tushen tushe ga kayan aikinsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Charlie Buchan}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Jonathan Wilson (writer)}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kuma kama matasa masu basira kamar Cliff Bastin da Eddie Hapgood, yayin da yake ba da babbar kudin shiga ta Highbury a kan taurari kamar David Jack da Alex James.

=== 1934-1947: Shaw, Allison da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ===
Mutuwar Chapman tana nufin aikin ya bar wa abokan aikinsa Joe Shaw da George Allison, tare da dukansu sun tabbatar da kasancewa masu basira da cikakkun masu kula da ƙungiyar Chapman ta Arsenal, suna ganin hat-trick na nasarar league tare da lakabi na 1933-34, 1934-35, da 1937-38, sannan kuma sun ci gaba da lashe Kofin FA na 1936. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Joe Shaw |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEshawJ.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722210145/http://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEshawJ.htm |archive-date=22 July 2017 |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=George Allison |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSENALallison.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128085228/https://www.spartacus-educational.com/ARSENALallison.htm |archive-date=28 November 2022 |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1947-1962: Gunners na Tom Whittaker ===
Duk da wannan lokacin tashin hankali da rikici, Arsenal ta dawo don lashe gasar a karo na biyu bayan yakin 1947-48. Wannan shine kakar wasa ta farko ta Tom Whittaker a matsayin kocin, kuma yana nufin kulob din ya daidaita da rikodin zakaran Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRossHeneghanOrfordCulliton2016&quot;&gt;Ross, James; Heneghan, Michael; Orford, Stuart; Culliton, Eoin (25 August 2016). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Whittaker, duk da halin da yake da shi na tawali'u da tawali'unsa, ana kiransa &quot;ƙwaƙwalwa&quot; a bayan sanannen kungiyar Arsenal ta Chapman.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tom Whittaker |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEwhittaker.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422190134/https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEwhittaker.htm |archive-date=22 April 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 June 2015 |title=How did Tom Whittaker get Chapman to believe in him, and other anniversaries – The History of Arsenal |url=https://blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/12161 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240923022652/https://blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/12161 |archive-date=23 September 2024 |access-date=25 November 2023 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya tara ƙungiyar Arsenal mai cin nasara kuma mai ƙwarewa sosai duk da ƙarancin albarkatu, tare da salon wuta da faɗaɗa wanda ya haifar da babbar murya a lokacin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1962-1984: Billy Wright, Bertie Mee da Terry Neill ===
[[Fayil:Alan_Ball_and_Bertie_Mee.png|thumb|Alan Ball (hagu) da Bertie Mee (wanda ya jagoranci Arsenal zuwa sau biyu na farko a 1971), wanda aka zana a 1972]]
Arsenal ba za ta lashe League ko FA Cup ba har tsawon shekaru 18. Kungiyar '53 Champions ta tsufa, kuma kulob din ya kasa jawo hankalin masu karfi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Post-War Arsenal&amp;nbsp;– Overview |url=http://www.arsenal.com/history/post-war-arsenal/post-war-arsenal-overview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302080424/http://www.arsenal.com/history/post-war-arsenal/post-war-arsenal-overview |archive-date=2 March 2009 |access-date=27 November 2009 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kodayake Arsenal sun kasance masu gasa a cikin waɗannan shekarun, dukiyarsu ta ragu; kulob din ya shafe mafi yawan shekarun 1950 da 1960 a tsakiyar tebur.{{Sfn|Sowman|Wilson|2016}} Ko da tsohon kyaftin din Ingila Billy Wright bai iya kawo kulob din wani nasara ba a matsayin kocin, a cikin wani lokaci tsakanin 1962 da 1966.

=== 1984-1996: Arsenal na George Graham ===
[[Fayil:Tony_Adams_Statue.jpg|left|thumb|Hoton [[Tony Adams]] a waje da Filin wasa na Emirates]]
Ɗaya daga cikin masu cin nasara sau biyu na Mee, George Graham, ya dawo a matsayin kocin a 1986, tare da Arsenal ta lashe kofin League na farko a 1987, kakar farko ta Graham a matsayin mai kula. Sabbin sa hannu Nigel Winterburn, Lee Dixon da Steve Bould sun shiga kulob din a shekarar 1988 don kammala &quot;mashahurin Back Four&quot;, karkashin jagorancin dan wasan gida [[Tony Adams]]. [bayanin 3] Ka'idar Graham na ba da fifiko ga ƙwarewar tsaro da alama ta yi karo da al'adun gargajiya na kulob din a kusa da kwallon kafa, kuma mutane da yawa suna da shakku ko zai yi aiki tare da matasa a kulob din din a wannan lokacin; duk da haka, hanyoyinsa da sauri sun sami addini bayan nasarorin farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 May 2017 |title=Graham's Glory Years |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/grahams-glory-years/graham-s-glory-years-overview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611174653/https://www.arsenal.com/history/grahams-glory-years/graham-s-glory-years-overview |archive-date=11 June 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Graham's Glory Years}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1996-2018: Shekaru na Arsene Wenger ===
[[Fayil:GoldInvinciblesTrophy.jpg|alt=|thumb|Bayan kammala kakar Premier League guda daya da ba a ci nasara ba, an ba da kyautar zinare ta musamman ga Arsenal.]]
Kungiyar ta canza a lokacin mulkin kocin Faransa Arsène Wenger, wanda aka nada a watan Oktoba 1996. Harin kwallon kafa,  sake fasalin abinci da ayyukan motsa jiki,  da kuma ƙwararrun 'yan kallo [bayanin 5] sun bayyana mulkinsa. Tattara manyan 'yan wasa daga [[Faransa|ƙasarsu]] Wenger, kamar [[Patrick Vieira]] da [[Thierry Henry]], Arsenal ta lashe gasar League da Kofin sau biyu a 1997-98 da na uku a 2001-02. Bugu da kari, kulob din ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 1999-2000, sun ci nasara a wasan karshe na Kofin FA na 2003 da 2005, kuma sun lashe gasar Firimiya a 2003-04 ba tare da rasa wasa daya ba, nasarar da ta ba kungiyar sunan laƙabi &quot;The Invincibles&quot;. Wannan nasarar ta zo ne a cikin wasanni 49 da ba a ci nasara ba daga 7 ga Mayu 2003 zuwa 24 ga Oktoba 2004, rikodin ƙasa.

=== 2018-yanzu: Juyin halitta na bayan Wenger ===
Bayan gudanar da gyare-gyare a cikin tsarin aiki na kulob din don ya dace da tashiwar Wenger, an kira Mutanen Espanya [[Unai Emery]] a matsayin sabon kocin kulob din a ranar 23 ga Mayu 2018. Ya zama 'kocin kocin' na farko da kuma kocin na biyu daga wajen Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unai Emery announced as new Arsenal head coach |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/11382525/arsenal-confirm-appointment-of-unai-emery-as-new-head-coach |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041448/http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/11382525/arsenal-confirm-appointment-of-unai-emery-as-new-head-coach |archive-date=26 May 2018 |access-date=25 May 2018 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 May 2023 |title=Welcome Unai |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/welcome-unai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180523102932/https://www.arsenal.com/news/welcome-unai |archive-date=23 May 2018 |access-date=23 May 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kakar wasa ta farko ta Emery, Arsenal ta kammala ta biyar a gasar Firimiya kuma a matsayin ta biyu a gasar Europa League.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Premier League Tables 2018/19 |url=https://www.premierleague.com/tables?co=1&amp;se=210&amp;ha=-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217125722/https://www.premierleague.com/tables?co=1&amp;se=210&amp;ha=-1 |archive-date=17 February 2020 |access-date=14 September 2019 |website=Premier League}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 May 2019 |title=Chelsea win the 2019 UEFA Europa League |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0251-0e9ce2d466b4-6403225af104-1000--chelsea-win-the-2019-uefa-europa-league/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215024306/https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/newsid=2604835.html |archive-date=15 December 2019 |access-date=14 September 2019 |website=[[UEFA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 2019, an sallami Emery a matsayin kocin kuma tsohon dan wasa da mataimakin kocin tawagar farko [[Freddie Ljungberg]] an nada shi a matsayin koci na wucin gadi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 November 2019 |title=Arsenal sack Emery after worst run in 27 years |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/3999924/arsenal-sack-emery-after-worst-run-for-27-years-ljungberg-named-caretaker-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191129155717/https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/3999924/arsenal-sack-emery-after-worst-run-for-27-years-ljungberg-named-caretaker-manager |archive-date=29 November 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 20 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019, Arsenal ta nada tsohon kyaftin din kulob din [[Mikel Arteta]] a matsayin sabon kocin. Arsenal ta gama kakar 2019-20 a matsayi na takwas, mafi ƙasƙanci tun daga 1994-95, amma ya doke Chelsea 2-1-1 don samun nasarar cin Kofin FA na 14 .  Bayan kakar, an canza taken Arteta daga kocin zuwa manajan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 September 2020 |title=Arsenal change Arteta role as part of restructure |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/4178032/arsenal-change-arteta-to-manager-from-coach-as-part-of-restructuring-at-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114085210/https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/4178032/arsenal-change-arteta-to-manager-from-coach-as-part-of-restructuring-at-club |archive-date=14 January 2021 |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2021, an sanar da Arsenal a matsayin kulob din da ya kafa gasar Turai mai suna The Super League;  sun janye daga gasar kwana biyu bayan haka a cikin kuskuren duniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Super League |url=https://thesuperleague.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418235123/https://www.thesuperleague.com/ |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=20 April 2021 |website=thesuperleague.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta gama kakar 2020-21 a matsayi na takwas kuma, ba ta cancanci gasar Turai ba a karo na farko cikin shekaru 26.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 May 2021 |title=Arsenal fails to qualify for Europe for 1st time in 25 years |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/english-premier-league/arsenal-fails-to-qualify-for-europe-for-1st-time-in-25-years-7327569/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209191234/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/english-premier-league/arsenal-fails-to-qualify-for-europe-for-1st-time-in-25-years-7327569/ |archive-date=9 December 2021 |access-date=9 December 2021 |website=The Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kakar bayan (2021-22), Arteta ta tara ƙaramin rukuni a gasar Firimiya tare da matsakaicin shekaru 24 da kwanaki 308 - fiye da shekara guda ƙarami fiye da tawagar ta gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-09-15 |title=Our 2021/22 season in numbers |url=https://www.arsenal.com/premier-league-stats-review-emirates-stadium-attendance-goals-appearances |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026143444/https://www.arsenal.com/premier-league-stats-review-emirates-stadium-attendance-goals-appearances |archive-date=26 October 2022 |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Our 2021/22 season in numbers |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Adam |date=24 May 2022 |title=Premier League: Top trends revealed for the 2021/22 season |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12611391/premier-league-top-trends-revealed-for-the-2021-22-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128184759/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12611391/premier-league-top-trends-revealed-for-the-2021-22-season |archive-date=28 November 2022 |access-date=9 September 2024 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun gama a matsayi na biyar a gasar Firimiya a wannan shekarar, kuma sun cancanci gasar UEFA 

=== Masu samar da kayan aiki da masu tallafawa rigar ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Kayan Arsenal &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527155718/http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |archive-date=27 May 2019 |access-date=27 January 2022 |publisher=Historical Football Kits}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!Lokacin
!Mai ƙera kayan aiki
!Mai tallafawa Shirt (kashin kai) 
!Mai tallafawa Shirt (wandan hannu) 
|-
|1886–1930
|Ba a san shi ba
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Babu
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Babu
|-
|1930–1970
|Bukta
|-
|1971–1981
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Umbro
|-
|1981–1986
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |JVC
|-
|1986–1994
|[[Adidas]]
|-
|1994–1999
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Nike
|-
|1999–2002
|Dreamcast Sega&lt;br /&gt;
|-
|2002–2006
|O2
|-
|2006–2014
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |[[Emirates]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Emirates and Arsenal Renew Sponsorship Deal |url=https://www.emirates.com/media-centre/emirates-and-arsenal-renew-sponsorship-deal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714222642/https://www.emirates.com/media-centre/emirates-and-arsenal-renew-sponsorship-deal |archive-date=14 July 2021 |access-date=24 February 2019 |website=www.emirates.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2014–2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Puma
|-
|2018–2019
| rowspan=&quot;2 &quot; |Ziyarar Rwanda&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal partner with 'Visit Rwanda' |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/club-welcomes-visit-rwanda-new-partner |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802014646/https://www.arsenal.com/news/club-welcomes-visit-rwanda-new-partner |archive-date=2 August 2021 |access-date=23 May 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019–2026
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Adidas]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Adidas and Arsenal launch new home kit |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/adidas-and-arsenal-launch-new-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701174645/https://www.arsenal.com/news/adidas-and-arsenal-launch-new-home-kit |archive-date=1 July 2019 |access-date=1 July 2019 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2026–
|Deel, Inc.
|-
|}

== Filin wasa ==
[[Fayil:Manor_Ground,_Woolwich_Arsenal_vs._Everton.jpg|right|thumb|Manor Ground, Woolwich Arsenal vs. [[Everton FC|Everton]]]]
Kafin ya shiga Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa, Arsenal ta taka leda a takaice a Plumstead Common, sannan a Manor Ground a Plumste, sannan ya shafe shekaru uku tsakanin 1890 da 1893 a kusa da Invicta Ground. Bayan shiga Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa a shekara ta 1893, kulob din ya koma Manor Ground kuma ya shigar da dakuna da terrace, yana inganta shi daga filin wasa kawai. Arsenal ta ci gaba da buga wasanninsu na gida a can na shekaru ashirin masu zuwa (tare da banbanci biyu a kakar 1894-95), har zuwa lokacin da suka koma arewacin London a 1913. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Simon Inglis}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An fi sani da Highbury, [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] shine gidan kulob din daga Satumba 1913 har zuwa Mayu 2006. Mashahurin masanin ƙwallon ƙafa Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin wasan na asali, kuma yana da ƙirar da ta saba da yawancin filin ƙwallon ƙwallon kafa a Burtaniya a lokacin, tare da ɗaki ɗaya da aka rufe da bankunan iska guda uku.&lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2005 |title=A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London |url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-date=4 February 2012 |access-date=4 February 2012 |publisher=Islington Council}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba da cikakken filin wasan babban gyare-gyare a cikin shekarun 1930: an gina sabon Art Deco West da East, an buɗe shi a cikin 1932 da 1936 bi da bi, kuma an kara rufin zuwa filin Arewacin Bank, wanda aka jefa bam a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu kuma ba a dawo da shi ba har zuwa 1954. &lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot; /&gt;

Highbury na iya ɗaukar masu kallo sama da 60,000 a mafi girma, kuma yana da damar 57,000 har zuwa farkon shekarun 1990. Rahoton Taylor da ka'idojin Premier League sun tilasta wa Arsenal ta canza Highbury zuwa filin wasa mai cike da kujeru a lokacin kakar 1993-94, don haka rage damar zuwa masu kallo 38,419 da ke zaune.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Highbury |url=http://www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=The+Club&amp;article=344883&amp;Title=Highbury |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111223345/http://www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=The+Club&amp;article=344883&amp;Title=Highbury |archive-date=11 January 2008 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dole ne a kara rage wannan damar a lokacin wasannin [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai]] don karɓar ƙarin allon talla, don haka don lokutan biyu, daga 1998 zuwa 2000, Arsenal ta buga wasannin gida na gasar zakaruna a Wembley, wanda zai iya ɗaukar masu kallo sama da 70,000.
[[Fayil:Arsenal_Stadium_interior_North_Bank.jpg|alt=A grandstand at a sports stadium. The seats are predominantly red.|right|thumb|Gidan Arewacin Bank, [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]], Highbury]]
An ƙuntata fadada Highbury saboda an sanya Gabashin Gabas a matsayin ginin da aka jera na Grade II kuma sauran uku suna kusa da kadarorin zama.&lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2005 |title=A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London |url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-date=4 February 2012 |access-date=4 February 2012 |publisher=Islington Council}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf &quot;A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan iyakoki sun hana kulob din kara yawan kudaden shiga a cikin shekarun 1990 da shekaru goma na farko na karni na 21, suna sanya su cikin haɗarin barin su a baya a cikin bunkasar kwallon kafa na wannan lokacin. Bayan la'akari da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, a cikin 2000 Arsenal ta ba da shawarar gina sabon filin wasa mai iyawa 60,361 a Ashburton Grove, tun lokacin da ake Filin wasa na Emirates, kimanin mita 500 kudu maso yammacin Highbury. Da farko an jinkirta aikin ne saboda jan tef da hauhawar farashi,  kuma an kammala ginin a watan Yulin 2006, a lokacin da za a fara kakar 2006-07.  An sanya sunan filin wasan ne bayan masu tallafawa, kamfanin jirgin sama na Emirates, wanda kulob din ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tallafawa mafi girma a tarihin Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila, wanda ya kai kimanin fam miliyan 100. Wasu magoya baya sun kira filin Ashburton Grove, ko Grove, saboda ba su yarda da tallafin kamfanoni na sunayen filin wasa ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dawes |first=Brian |year=2006 |title=The 'E' Word |url=http://www.arsenal-world.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&amp;id=283908 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008060533/http://www.arsenal-world.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&amp;id=283908 |archive-date=8 October 2006 |access-date=11 August 2008 |website=Arsenal World |publisher=Footymad}}&lt;/ref&gt; Za a san filin wasan a hukumance da filin wasa na Emirates har zuwa akalla 2028, kuma kamfanin jirgin sama zai zama mai tallafawa kulob din har zuwa akasin haka 2024.   Tun daga farkon kakar 2010-11 zuwa gaba, an san wuraren wasan a matsayin Bankin Arewa, Gabashin Gabas, Yammacin Yamma da ƙarshen Agogo. Matsayin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa yanzu yana tsaye a 60,704.&lt;ref name=&quot;cap2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Premier League Handbook 2020/21 |url=https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2021/04/07/6ebff069-a7ee-415d-afbd-15878b6d33b2/2020-21-PL-Handbook-240321.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412002820/https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2021/04/07/6ebff069-a7ee-415d-afbd-15878b6d33b2/2020-21-PL-Handbook-240321.pdf |archive-date=12 April 2021 |access-date=12 April 2021 |publisher=Premier League |page=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;{{Wide image|Emirates Stadium - East stand Club Level.jpg|1367px|A [[panorama]] of the [[Emirates Stadium]] before a match}}

== 'Yan wasa ==

=== Kungiyar farko ===
{{Updated|24 January 2026}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.arsenal.com/men/players |title=Squad: Men |publisher=Arsenal F.C. |access-date=1 September 2025}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Kididdiga da rikodin ==
[[Fayil:Thierry_Henry_applauding_2012.jpg|thumb|[[Thierry Henry]] shine mai zira kwallaye na Arsenal, tare da kwallaye 228 a duk gasa.]]
Arsenal ta ƙwallon ƙafa 13 League Championship ita ce na uku mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙwallon Ingila, bayan Liverpool (20) da Manchester United (20), &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James M |date=28 August 2009 |title=England&amp;nbsp;– List of Champions |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engchamp.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730154323/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engchamp.html |archive-date=30 July 2022 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma su ne kulob na farko da ya kai na bakwai da na takwas League Championship. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2020, suna ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi bakwai, sauran su ne Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], Manchester City, Leicester City da Liverpool, waɗanda suka lashe gasar Firimiya tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 1992. &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;

Suna riƙe da mafi yawan kyaututtuka na FA Cup, tare da 14.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James M |date=12 June 2009 |title=England FA Challenge Cup Finals |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engcuphist.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113115049/http://rsssf.com/tablese/engcuphist.html |archive-date=13 January 2010 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin kungiyoyi shida kawai da suka lashe kofin FA Sau biyu a jere, a 2002 da 2003, da 2014 da 2015.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt; Arsenal ta samu nasarar League da FA Cup &quot;Doubles&quot; sau uku (a 1971, 1998 da 2002), wani abin da Manchester United ta samu a baya (a 1994, 1996 da 1999).  &lt;ref name=&quot;FCHD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=https://www.fchd.info/ARSENAL.HTM |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091106003337/http://fchd.info/ARSENAL.HTM |archive-date=6 November 2009 |access-date=23 October 2009 |website=Football Club History Database |publisher=Richard Rundle}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stokkermans |first=Karel |date=24 September 2009 |title=Doing the Double: Countrywise Records |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/doublerec.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126184235/http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/doublerec.html |archive-date=26 November 2015 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun kasance rukuni na farko a cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila don kammala FA Cup da League Cup sau biyu, a 1993. Arsenal kuma ita ce kulob din farko na London da ta kai wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA, a shekara ta 2006, inda ta sha kashi 2-1 a [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal Football Club |url=http://www.premierleague.com/page/arsenal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913103452/http://www.premierleague.com/page/arsenal |archive-date=13 September 2008 |access-date=11 August 2008 |publisher=Premier League}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Arsenal tana da daya daga cikin mafi kyawun rikodin jirgin sama a tarihi, bayan sun gama ƙasa da goma sha huɗu sau bakwai kawai. Sun lashe wasanni na biyu mafi girma a gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, kuma sun tara maki na biyu mafi yawa, &lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF1stLevelAllTime&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pietarinen |first=Heikki |date=24 August 2017 |title=England – First Level All-Time Tables |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engalltime.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824181412/http://www.rsssf.com/tablese/engalltime.html |archive-date=24 August 2017 |access-date=24 August 2017 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPietarinen2017&quot;&gt;Pietarinen, Heikki (24 August 2017). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; ko an lissafa su da maki biyu a kowace nasara &lt;ref name=&quot;All Time Table&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=English Premier League : Full All Time Table |url=http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/all-time-table/full |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320225558/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/all-time-table/full |archive-date=20 March 2017 |access-date=21 January 2016 |website=statto.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko kuma da darajar maki na zamani. Sun kasance a cikin saman jirgin sama na mafi yawan lokutan jere (98 kamar yadda 2023-24).  &lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRossHeneghanOrfordCulliton2016&quot;&gt;Ross, James; Heneghan, Michael; Orford, Stuart; Culliton, Eoin (25 August 2016). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;All-time Arsenal&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=James |first=Josh |date=18 June 2013 |title=All-time Arsenal |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/features/48523/behind-the-numbers- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622042610/https://www.arsenal.com/news/features/48523/behind-the-numbers- |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Seasons Spent in the Top Flight of English Football by Clubs from 1888–89 to 2023–24 |url=https://www.myfootballfacts.com/england_footy/football-league/seasons-in-top-flight/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209052735/https://www.myfootballfacts.com/england_footy/football-league/seasons-in-top-flight/ |archive-date=9 December 2021 |access-date=23 September 2023 |website=My Football Facts}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, Arsenal tana da matsayi mafi girma a cikin karni na 20, tare da matsakaicin matsayi na 8.5. 

Arsenal tana riƙe da rikodin mafi tsawo na wasannin League da ba a ci ba (49 tsakanin Mayu 2003 da Oktoba 2004).  Wannan ya hada da dukkan wasannin 38 na nasarar da suka samu a kakar 2003-04, lokacin da Arsenal ta zama kulob na biyu da ta kammala yakin neman zabe ba tare da an ci nasara ba, bayan Preston North End (wanda ya buga wasanni 22 kawai) a 1888-89.&lt;ref name=&quot;49 Unbeaten&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 June 2017 |title=49 Unbeaten |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records/the-unbeaten-record |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112010642/https://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records/the-unbeaten-record |archive-date=12 November 2020 |access-date=14 April 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, suna riƙe da rikodin mafi tsawo a saman jirgin sama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EPL Records&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Records |url=http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107021729/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/records |archive-date=7 November 2011 |access-date=22 March 2016 |website=statto.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta kafa rikodin gasar zakarun Turai a lokacin kakar 2005-06 ta hanyar buga wasanni goma ba tare da ba da kwallo ba, ta doke mafi kyawun bakwai da AC Milan ta kafa. Sun tafi jimlar rikodin minti 995 ba tare da barin abokin hamayyar ya ci kwallo ba; tseren ya ƙare a wasan karshe, lokacin da [[Samuel Eto'o]] ya zira kwallaye 76 na Barcelona.&amp;nbsp;

David O'Leary yana da rikodin bayyanar Arsenal, bayan ya buga wasanni 722 na farko tsakanin 1975 da 1993. Rabin tsakiya kuma tsohon kyaftin din [[Tony Adams]] ya zo na biyu, bayan ya buga sau 669. David Seaman ne ke riƙe da rikodin [[Mai tsaran raga|Mai tsaron gida]], tare da bayyanar 564. &lt;ref name=&quot;clubrecords&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Club Records |url=http://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905054109/http://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records |archive-date=5 September 2015 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Thierry Henry]] shine babban mai zira kwallaye a kulob din tare da kwallaye 228 a duk gasa tsakanin 1999 da 2012;  ya wuce jimlar Ian Wright na 185 a watan Oktoba 2005.  Rubuce-rubucen Wright sun tsaya tun watan Satumbar 1997, lokacin da ya wuce jimlar kwallaye 178 da mai tsaron gida Cliff Bastin ya kafa a shekarar 1939.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ward |first=Rupert |title=Arsenal vs Bolton. 13/0&lt;!-- no format change --&gt;9/97 |url=http://www.arseweb.com/97-98/reports/130997.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008220109/http://www.arseweb.com/97-98/reports/130997.html |archive-date=8 October 2015 |access-date=11 August 2008 |publisher=Arseweb}}&lt;/ref&gt; Henry kuma yana da rikodin kulob din don burin da aka zira a League, tare da 175,  rikodin da Bastin ya rike har zuwa Fabrairu 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;henry&quot; /&gt; Declan Rice yana riƙe da farashin sa hannu na Arsenal bayan an kammala yarjejeniya da [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a watan Yulin 2023, don £ 100 miliyan na farko. Wannan ya wuce tsohon rikodin na fam miliyan 72 ga [[Nicolas Pépé|Nicolas Pepe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 July 2023 |title=Declan Rice: Arsenal sign England midfielder from West Ham in club-record £105m deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/12913870/declan-rice-arsenal-sign-england-midfielder-from-west-ham-in-club-record-lb105m-deal |publisher=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daraja ==
Arsenal ta lashe kyautar azurfa ta farko a matsayin Royal Arsenal a shekara ta 1890. Kofin Kent Junior, wanda Royal Arsenal ta lashe, shine Kofin FA na kulob din, yayin da kofin farko ya zo makonni uku bayan haka lokacin da suka lashe kofin Kent Senior . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=1 March 2012 |title=122 years ago today – Arsenal's first Silverware |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329190212/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-date=29 March 2016 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=The History of Arsenal (AISA Arsenal History Society)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;aftlu&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |title=Arsenal first team line ups |url=http://thearsenalhistory.com/stat/aftlu.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715102949/http://thearsenalhistory.com/stat/aftlu.htm |archive-date=15 July 2016 |access-date=15 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; Babban girmamawa na farko na kasa ya zo ne a 1930, lokacin da suka lashe Kofin FA.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 August 2007 |title=GGM 36: Arsenal win their first major trophy |url=http://www.arsenal.com/ggm-36-arsenal-win-their-first-major-trophy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923185120/http://www.arsenal.com/ggm-36-arsenal-win-their-first-major-trophy |archive-date=23 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar ta ci gaba da samun nasara a cikin shekarun 1930, inda ta lashe kofin FA da kuma gasar kwallon kafa ta farko guda biyar.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 &quot;125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1936–1940 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1936-40 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930230223/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1936-40 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta lashe gasar zakarun farko da kofin sau biyu a kakar 1970-71 kuma sau biyu ta sake maimaita wannan, a 1997-98 da 2001-02, tare da lashe kofin sau uku na FA Cup da League Cup a 1992-93.  Shekarar 2003-04 ita ce kawai kakar wasanni 38 da ba a ci nasara ba a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila. An ba da izinin zinare na musamman na gasar Firimiya kuma an gabatar da shi ga kulob din a kakar wasa mai zuwa.
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%; text-align:center;&quot;
|+Kyautar Arsenal FC
! style=&quot;width: 1%;&quot; |Irin wannan
! style=&quot;width: 5%;&quot; |Gasar
! style=&quot;width: 1%;&quot; |Takardun sarauta
! style=&quot;width: 21%;&quot; |Lokaci
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; scope=&quot;rowgroup&quot; |'''A cikin gida'''
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Sashe na Farko / Premier League{{Efn|Upon its formation in 1992, the [[Premier League]] became the top tier of [[Football in England|English football]]; the [[English Football League|Football League]] [[Football League First Division|First]] and [[Football League Second Division|Second Divisions]] then became the second and third tiers, respectively. From 2004, the First Division became the [[EFL Championship|Championship]] and the Second Division became [[EFL League One|League One]].}}
|13
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1930–31, 1932–33, 1933–34, 1934–35, 1937–38, 1947–48, 1952–53, 1970–71, 1988–89, 1990–91, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin FA
| style=&quot;background-color:gold&quot; |'''14'''
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1929–30, 1935–36, 1949–50, 1970–71, 1978–79, 1992–93, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2019–20
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin EFL{{Efn|Until 2016, the unsponsored name of the EFL Cup was the Football League Cup.}}
|2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1986–87, 1992–93
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Garkuwar Jama'a ta FA{{Efn|Until 2002, the FA Community Shield was known as the FA Charity Shield.}}
|17
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1930, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1938, 1948, 1953, 1991, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2020, 2023
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Centenary na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa
| style=&quot;background-color:gold&quot; |'''1'''
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1988
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;rowgroup&quot; |'''Yankin nahiyar'''
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Masu Gasar Cin Kofin UEFA
|1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1993–94
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Kasuwanci na Kasuwanci
|1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1969–70
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
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      <text bytes="50239" sha1="kphddg2tqis83fd8qz3frfkiiyhd753" xml:space="preserve">{{Mukala mai kyau}}{{Databox}}

'''Kungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ta Arsenal''' kungiya ce ta ƙwararrun [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila]] da ke zaune a Islington, Arewacin London, Ingila. Suna fafatawa a [[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]], matakin farko na kwallon kafa na Ingila. A cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na cikin gida, Arsenal ta lashe lambobin league 13 (ciki har da lambar yabo guda ɗaya da ba a ci ba), rikodin Kofin FA 14, Kofin League 2, 17 FA Community Shields da kuma Kofin Centenary na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa. A cikin Kwallon ƙafa na Turai, sun lashe kofin Turai guda ɗaya da kuma kofin Inter-Cities Fairs guda ɗaya. Dangane da kyaututtuka da aka samu, ita ce kulob na uku mafi nasara a kwallon kafa na Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal FC – history, facts and records |url=https://www.footballhistory.org/club/arsenal.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925230002/https://footballhistory.org/club/arsenal.html |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=2023-12-16 |website=footballhistory.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Arsenal ita ce kulob din farko daga kudancin Ingila da ta shiga gasar kwallon kafa acikin shekara ta 1893, a hukumance ta shiga kungiyar farko acikin shekara ta 1904. Arsenal tana ɗaukar matsayi mafi tsawo a cikin rukunin farko (sama da shekaru 105 da ƙidaya) kuma ta kammala karni na 20 tare da matsayi mafi girma na kowane kulob.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta lashe wasanni na biyu mafi girma a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF1stLevelAllTime&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pietarinen |first=Heikki |date=24 August 2017 |title=England – First Level All-Time Tables |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engalltime.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824181412/http://www.rsssf.com/tablese/engalltime.html |archive-date=24 August 2017 |access-date=24 August 2017 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekarun 1930, Arsenal ta lashe gasar zakarun League biyar da kofin FA guda biyu, tare da wani kofin FA da wasu kofin biyu da suka zo bayan yakin. A cikin shekara ta 1970-71, ta lashe gasar League da FA Cup sau biyu. Tsakanin shekara ta 1989 zuwa shekara ta 2005, kulob din ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai biyar da kofin FA guda biyar, ciki har da karin sau biyu. Tsakanin 1998 da 2017, Arsenal ta cancanci [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] don rikodin kwallon kafa na Ingila na shekaru goma sha tara a jere.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dawson |first=Alan |title=Here's how much money Arsenal has lost after failing to qualify for the Champions League |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/arsenal-will-lose-50-million-if-the-club-fail-to-qualify-for-the-champions-league-2017-5 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417140419/https://www.businessinsider.com/arsenal-will-lose-50-million-if-the-club-fail-to-qualify-for-the-champions-league-2017-5 |archive-date=17 April 2024 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Acikin shekara ta 1886, ma'aikatan makamai a Royal Arsenal a Woolwich sun kafa kulob din a matsayin Dial Square . A shekara ta 1913, kulob din ya haye birnin zuwa [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] a Highbury, ya zama makwabta na kusa da [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]], don haka ya haifar da wasan derby na Arewacin London. Herbert Chapman ya lashe kulob din azurfa na farko, kuma abin da ya bari ya ba da damar yin amfani da ganima a cikin shekarun 1930. Ya taimaka wajen gabatar da tsarin WM, fitilu, da Lambobin rigar; &lt;ref name=&quot;Herbert Chapman Hall of Fame&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Herbert Chapman |url=http://www.nationalfootballmuseum.com/halloffame/herbert-chapman |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418113836/http://www.nationalfootballmuseum.com/halloffame/herbert-chapman |archive-date=18 April 2016 |access-date=20 March 2016 |publisher=National Football Museum}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya kuma kara fararen hannayen hannu da ja mai haske ga rigar kulob din. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=http://historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711145624/http://historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |archive-date=11 July 2020 |access-date=11 July 2020 |website= |publisher=Historical Football Kits}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsène Wenger shine kocin kulob din da ya fi dadewa kuma ya lashe mafi yawan kyaututtuka. Ya lashe kofin FA guda bakwai, kuma tawagarsa ta uku kuma ta karshe da ta lashe lambar yabo ta kafa rikodin Ingila don mafi tsawo a wasanni 49 tsakanin shekara ta 2003 da 2004, yana karɓar laƙabi The Invincibles .

A shekara ta 2006, kulob din ya koma Filin wasa na Emirates da ke kusa. Tare da kudaden shiga na shekara-shekara na £ 616.6m a cikin kakar 2023-24, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-28 |title=Financial Results |url=https://www.arsenal.com/the-club/corporate-info/arsenal-holdings-financial-results |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Financial Results |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Forbes'' ta kiyasta Arsenal ta kai dala biliyan 3.4, yana mai da ita kulob din kwallon kafa na takwas mafi daraja a duniya, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal on the Forbes Soccer Team Valuations List |url=https://www.forbes.com/teams/arsenal/ |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Forbes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; yayin da kuma kasancewa daya daga cikin kungiyoyin wasanni da aka fi bi a duniya a kan [[Dandalin Sada Zumunta|kafofin sada zumunta]].  Taken kulob din shine ''Victoria Concordia Crescit'', Latin don &quot;Victory Through Harmony&quot;.

== Tarihi ==

=== 1886-1912: Dial Square zuwa Royal Arsenal ===
[[Fayil:Arsenal_1888_squad_photo.jpg|thumb|Royal Arsenal tawaga ne a cikin shekara ta 1888. Kyaftin din asali David Danskin yana zaune a hannun dama na benci.]]
Acikin watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1886, dan kasar Scotland David Danskin da abokan aikin makamai goma sha biyar a Woolwich sun kafa kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Dial Square, mai suna bayan wani bita a tsakiyar Royal Arsenal. Kowane memba ya ba da gudummawa shida, kuma Danskin ya kara shillings uku don taimakawa wajen kafa kulob din.&lt;ref name=&quot;dialsquare&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title='Royal Arsenal' formed in Woolwich |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/-royal-arsenal-formed-in-woolwich |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725142641/https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/-royal-arsenal-formed-in-woolwich |archive-date=25 July 2022 |access-date=2 November 2018 |website=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [bayanin 1] Dial Square ta buga wasan farko a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1886 a kan Eastern Wanderers kuma ta ci 6-0. An sake sunan kulob din Royal Arsenal a watan Janairun 1887,&lt;ref name=&quot;Royal Arsenal name&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=13 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Royal Arsenal |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7726 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501065626/http://thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7726 |archive-date=1 May 2015 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma gidansa na farko shine Plumstead Common,  kodayake sun shafe mafi yawan lokutan su suna wasa a Manor Ground.{{Sfn|Masters|1995}} Kyaututtuka na farko da suka samu sune Kent Senior Cup da London Charity Cup a 1889-90 da London Senior Cup a 1890-91; waɗannan su ne kawai kyaututtuka da Arsenal ta samu a lokacin da suke a Kudu maso Gabashin London.&lt;ref name=&quot;FirstCountyCup&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=1 March 2012 |title=122 years ago today – Arsenal's first Silverware &quot; The History of Arsenal |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329190212/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-date=29 March 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=7 March 2012 |title=121 Years ago today – Royal Arsenal's last trophy &quot; The History of Arsenal |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3154 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605041507/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3154 |archive-date=5 June 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; Acikin shekara ta 1891, Royal Arsenal ya zama kulob din farko na London da ya zama kwararre.&lt;ref name=&quot;TurnProfessional&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=9 May 2017 |title=Royal Arsenal FC Turn Professional – The Truth |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14579 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923114343/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14579 |archive-date=23 September 2017 |access-date=23 September 2017 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An sake sunan Royal Arsenal a karo na biyu bayan ya zama kamfani mai iyaka a cikin 1893. Sun yi rajistar sabon sunansu, Woolwich Arsenal, tare da Kungiyar kwallon kafa lokacin da kulob din ya hau daga baya a wannan shekarar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=20 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Woolwich Arsenal |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7728 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205024313/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7728 |archive-date=5 February 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; : 5-21 Woolwich Arsenal ita ce ta farko a kudancin kungiyar kwallon kafa, ta fara ne a rukuni na biyu kuma ta kai rukuni na farko a 1904. Rashin halartar taron, saboda matsalolin kudi tsakanin ma'aikatan makamai da isowar kungiyoyin kwallon kafa da suka fi dacewa a wasu wurare a cikin birni, ya jagoranci kulob din kusa da fatarar kuɗi a shekara ta 1910.  &lt;ref name=&quot;arsenal2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Sally |date=December 2007 |title=Woolwich Arsenal 1910 – the arrival of Hall and Norris |url=http://www.wrightanddavis.co.uk/Norris/SLWA10.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410074122/http://www.wrightanddavis.co.uk/Norris/SLWA10.html |archive-date=10 April 2016 |access-date=11 July 2016 |website=wrightanddavis.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; : 112-149 'Yan kasuwa Henry Norris da William Hall sun shiga cikin kulob din, kuma sun nemi su motsa su zuwa wani wuri.&lt;ref name=&quot;arsenal2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=12 April 2017 |title=Did Henry Norris Really Buy Arsenal? |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14520 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422072349/http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=14520 |archive-date=22 April 2017 |access-date=24 September 2017 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1912-1925: Bankin Ingila kulob din ===
A shekara ta 1913, ba da daɗewa ba bayan sake komawa zuwa Sashe na Biyu, kulob din ya koma haye kogi zuwa sabon [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] a Highbury.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kay&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kay |first=Joyce |year=2008 |title=It Wasn't Just Emily Davison! Sport, Suffrage and Society in Edwardian Britain |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360802212271 |url-status=live |journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport |volume=25 |issue=10 |pages=1343–1346 |doi=10.1080/09523360802212271 |issn=0952-3367 |s2cid=154063364 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230917130504/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09523360802212271 |archive-date=17 September 2023 |access-date=27 September 2021 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Club moves from Woolwich to Highbury |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/club-moves-from-woolwich-to-highbury |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927195634/https://www.arsenal.com/history/laying-the-foundations/club-moves-from-woolwich-to-highbury |archive-date=27 September 2021 |access-date=27 September 2021 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 1919, Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta kada kuri'a don inganta Arsenal, maimakon masu adawa da gida [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]], a cikin sabon rukunin farko, duk da kammala na biyar a cikin rukunin na biyu na karshe kafin yakin 1914-15. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Arsenal ta fara sauke &quot;The&quot; a cikin takardun hukuma, a hankali ta sauya sunanta a karo na karshe zuwa Arsenal, kamar yadda aka fi sani a yau.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |last2=Andrews |first2=Mark |date=30 January 2014 |title=How Arsenal's Name Changed – Arsenal F.C. |url=http://www.thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7732 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150806204052/http://thearsenalhistory.com/?p=7732 |archive-date=6 August 2015 |access-date=12 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Herbert_Chapman_bust_20050922.jpg|right|thumb|Wani tagulla na Herbert Chapman yana tsaye a cikin Filin wasa na Emirates.]]

=== 1925-1934: Gunners na Herbert Chapman ===
Yanayin Arsenal da kuma kyautar albashin da aka bayar ya ja hankalin tauraruwar Huddersfield Town Herbert Chapman a shekarar 1925.  A cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa, Chapman ya gina sabon Arsenal na juyin juya hali. Da farko, ya nada sabon mai horar da shi, Tom Whittaker wanda wata rana zai tashi ya zama sanannen manajan Arsenal da kansa.{{Sfn|Whittaker|Peskett|1957}} Tare da taimakon mai kunnawa Charlie Buchan, ya aiwatar da tsarin WM wanda zai zama tushen tushe ga kayan aikinsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Charlie Buchan}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Jonathan Wilson (writer)}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kuma kama matasa masu basira kamar Cliff Bastin da Eddie Hapgood, yayin da yake ba da babbar kudin shiga ta Highbury a kan taurari kamar David Jack da Alex James.

=== 1934-1947: Shaw, Allison da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ===
Mutuwar Chapman tana nufin aikin ya bar wa abokan aikinsa Joe Shaw da George Allison, tare da dukansu sun tabbatar da kasancewa masu basira da cikakkun masu kula da ƙungiyar Chapman ta Arsenal, suna ganin hat-trick na nasarar league tare da lakabi na 1933-34, 1934-35, da 1937-38, sannan kuma sun ci gaba da lashe Kofin FA na 1936. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Joe Shaw |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEshawJ.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722210145/http://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEshawJ.htm |archive-date=22 July 2017 |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=George Allison |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSENALallison.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128085228/https://www.spartacus-educational.com/ARSENALallison.htm |archive-date=28 November 2022 |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1947-1962: Gunners na Tom Whittaker ===
Duk da wannan lokacin tashin hankali da rikici, Arsenal ta dawo don lashe gasar a karo na biyu bayan yakin 1947-48. Wannan shine kakar wasa ta farko ta Tom Whittaker a matsayin kocin, kuma yana nufin kulob din ya daidaita da rikodin zakaran Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRossHeneghanOrfordCulliton2016&quot;&gt;Ross, James; Heneghan, Michael; Orford, Stuart; Culliton, Eoin (25 August 2016). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Whittaker, duk da halin da yake da shi na tawali'u da tawali'unsa, ana kiransa &quot;ƙwaƙwalwa&quot; a bayan sanannen kungiyar Arsenal ta Chapman.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tom Whittaker |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEwhittaker.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422190134/https://spartacus-educational.com/ARSEwhittaker.htm |archive-date=22 April 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Spartacus Educational}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 June 2015 |title=How did Tom Whittaker get Chapman to believe in him, and other anniversaries – The History of Arsenal |url=https://blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/12161 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240923022652/https://blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/12161 |archive-date=23 September 2024 |access-date=25 November 2023 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya tara ƙungiyar Arsenal mai cin nasara kuma mai ƙwarewa sosai duk da ƙarancin albarkatu, tare da salon wuta da faɗaɗa wanda ya haifar da babbar murya a lokacin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1962-1984: Billy Wright, Bertie Mee da Terry Neill ===
[[Fayil:Alan_Ball_and_Bertie_Mee.png|thumb|Alan Ball (hagu) da Bertie Mee (wanda ya jagoranci Arsenal zuwa sau biyu na farko a 1971), wanda aka zana a 1972]]
Arsenal ba za ta lashe League ko FA Cup ba har tsawon shekaru 18. Kungiyar '53 Champions ta tsufa, kuma kulob din ya kasa jawo hankalin masu karfi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Post-War Arsenal&amp;nbsp;– Overview |url=http://www.arsenal.com/history/post-war-arsenal/post-war-arsenal-overview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302080424/http://www.arsenal.com/history/post-war-arsenal/post-war-arsenal-overview |archive-date=2 March 2009 |access-date=27 November 2009 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kodayake Arsenal sun kasance masu gasa a cikin waɗannan shekarun, dukiyarsu ta ragu; kulob din ya shafe mafi yawan shekarun 1950 da 1960 a tsakiyar tebur.{{Sfn|Sowman|Wilson|2016}} Ko da tsohon kyaftin din Ingila Billy Wright bai iya kawo kulob din wani nasara ba a matsayin kocin, a cikin wani lokaci tsakanin 1962 da 1966.

=== 1984-1996: Arsenal na George Graham ===
[[Fayil:Tony_Adams_Statue.jpg|left|thumb|Hoton [[Tony Adams]] a waje da Filin wasa na Emirates]]
Ɗaya daga cikin masu cin nasara sau biyu na Mee, George Graham, ya dawo a matsayin kocin a 1986, tare da Arsenal ta lashe kofin League na farko a 1987, kakar farko ta Graham a matsayin mai kula. Sabbin sa hannu Nigel Winterburn, Lee Dixon da Steve Bould sun shiga kulob din a shekarar 1988 don kammala &quot;mashahurin Back Four&quot;, karkashin jagorancin dan wasan gida [[Tony Adams]]. [bayanin 3] Ka'idar Graham na ba da fifiko ga ƙwarewar tsaro da alama ta yi karo da al'adun gargajiya na kulob din a kusa da kwallon kafa, kuma mutane da yawa suna da shakku ko zai yi aiki tare da matasa a kulob din din a wannan lokacin; duk da haka, hanyoyinsa da sauri sun sami addini bayan nasarorin farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 May 2017 |title=Graham's Glory Years |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/grahams-glory-years/graham-s-glory-years-overview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611174653/https://www.arsenal.com/history/grahams-glory-years/graham-s-glory-years-overview |archive-date=11 June 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Graham's Glory Years}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1996-2018: Shekaru na Arsene Wenger ===
[[Fayil:GoldInvinciblesTrophy.jpg|alt=|thumb|Bayan kammala kakar Premier League guda daya da ba a ci nasara ba, an ba da kyautar zinare ta musamman ga Arsenal.]]
Kungiyar ta canza a lokacin mulkin kocin Faransa Arsène Wenger, wanda aka nada a watan Oktoba 1996. Harin kwallon kafa,  sake fasalin abinci da ayyukan motsa jiki,  da kuma ƙwararrun 'yan kallo [bayanin 5] sun bayyana mulkinsa. Tattara manyan 'yan wasa daga [[Faransa|ƙasarsu]] Wenger, kamar [[Patrick Vieira]] da [[Thierry Henry]], Arsenal ta lashe gasar League da Kofin sau biyu a 1997-98 da na uku a 2001-02. Bugu da kari, kulob din ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 1999-2000, sun ci nasara a wasan karshe na Kofin FA na 2003 da 2005, kuma sun lashe gasar Firimiya a 2003-04 ba tare da rasa wasa daya ba, nasarar da ta ba kungiyar sunan laƙabi &quot;The Invincibles&quot;. Wannan nasarar ta zo ne a cikin wasanni 49 da ba a ci nasara ba daga 7 ga Mayu 2003 zuwa 24 ga Oktoba 2004, rikodin ƙasa.

=== 2018-yanzu: Juyin halitta na bayan Wenger ===
Bayan gudanar da gyare-gyare a cikin tsarin aiki na kulob din don ya dace da tashiwar Wenger, an kira Mutanen Espanya [[Unai Emery]] a matsayin sabon kocin kulob din a ranar 23 ga Mayu 2018. Ya zama 'kocin kocin' na farko da kuma kocin na biyu daga wajen Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unai Emery announced as new Arsenal head coach |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/11382525/arsenal-confirm-appointment-of-unai-emery-as-new-head-coach |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041448/http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/11382525/arsenal-confirm-appointment-of-unai-emery-as-new-head-coach |archive-date=26 May 2018 |access-date=25 May 2018 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 May 2023 |title=Welcome Unai |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/welcome-unai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180523102932/https://www.arsenal.com/news/welcome-unai |archive-date=23 May 2018 |access-date=23 May 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kakar wasa ta farko ta Emery, Arsenal ta kammala ta biyar a gasar Firimiya kuma a matsayin ta biyu a gasar Europa League.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Premier League Tables 2018/19 |url=https://www.premierleague.com/tables?co=1&amp;se=210&amp;ha=-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217125722/https://www.premierleague.com/tables?co=1&amp;se=210&amp;ha=-1 |archive-date=17 February 2020 |access-date=14 September 2019 |website=Premier League}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 May 2019 |title=Chelsea win the 2019 UEFA Europa League |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0251-0e9ce2d466b4-6403225af104-1000--chelsea-win-the-2019-uefa-europa-league/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215024306/https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/newsid=2604835.html |archive-date=15 December 2019 |access-date=14 September 2019 |website=[[UEFA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 2019, an sallami Emery a matsayin kocin kuma tsohon dan wasa da mataimakin kocin tawagar farko [[Freddie Ljungberg]] an nada shi a matsayin koci na wucin gadi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 November 2019 |title=Arsenal sack Emery after worst run in 27 years |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/3999924/arsenal-sack-emery-after-worst-run-for-27-years-ljungberg-named-caretaker-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191129155717/https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/3999924/arsenal-sack-emery-after-worst-run-for-27-years-ljungberg-named-caretaker-manager |archive-date=29 November 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 20 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019, Arsenal ta nada tsohon kyaftin din kulob din [[Mikel Arteta]] a matsayin sabon kocin. Arsenal ta gama kakar 2019-20 a matsayi na takwas, mafi ƙasƙanci tun daga 1994-95, amma ya doke Chelsea 2-1-1 don samun nasarar cin Kofin FA na 14 .  Bayan kakar, an canza taken Arteta daga kocin zuwa manajan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 September 2020 |title=Arsenal change Arteta role as part of restructure |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/4178032/arsenal-change-arteta-to-manager-from-coach-as-part-of-restructuring-at-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114085210/https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal/story/4178032/arsenal-change-arteta-to-manager-from-coach-as-part-of-restructuring-at-club |archive-date=14 January 2021 |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2021, an sanar da Arsenal a matsayin kulob din da ya kafa gasar Turai mai suna The Super League;  sun janye daga gasar kwana biyu bayan haka a cikin kuskuren duniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Super League |url=https://thesuperleague.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418235123/https://www.thesuperleague.com/ |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=20 April 2021 |website=thesuperleague.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta gama kakar 2020-21 a matsayi na takwas kuma, ba ta cancanci gasar Turai ba a karo na farko cikin shekaru 26.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 May 2021 |title=Arsenal fails to qualify for Europe for 1st time in 25 years |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/english-premier-league/arsenal-fails-to-qualify-for-europe-for-1st-time-in-25-years-7327569/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209191234/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/english-premier-league/arsenal-fails-to-qualify-for-europe-for-1st-time-in-25-years-7327569/ |archive-date=9 December 2021 |access-date=9 December 2021 |website=The Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kakar bayan (2021-22), Arteta ta tara ƙaramin rukuni a gasar Firimiya tare da matsakaicin shekaru 24 da kwanaki 308 - fiye da shekara guda ƙarami fiye da tawagar ta gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-09-15 |title=Our 2021/22 season in numbers |url=https://www.arsenal.com/premier-league-stats-review-emirates-stadium-attendance-goals-appearances |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026143444/https://www.arsenal.com/premier-league-stats-review-emirates-stadium-attendance-goals-appearances |archive-date=26 October 2022 |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Our 2021/22 season in numbers |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Adam |date=24 May 2022 |title=Premier League: Top trends revealed for the 2021/22 season |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12611391/premier-league-top-trends-revealed-for-the-2021-22-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128184759/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12611391/premier-league-top-trends-revealed-for-the-2021-22-season |archive-date=28 November 2022 |access-date=9 September 2024 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun gama a matsayi na biyar a gasar Firimiya a wannan shekarar, kuma sun cancanci gasar UEFA 

=== Masu samar da kayan aiki da masu tallafawa rigar ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Kayan Arsenal &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527155718/http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Arsenal/Arsenal.htm |archive-date=27 May 2019 |access-date=27 January 2022 |publisher=Historical Football Kits}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!Lokacin
!Mai ƙera kayan aiki
!Mai tallafawa Shirt (kashin kai) 
!Mai tallafawa Shirt (wandan hannu) 
|-
|1886–1930
|Ba a san shi ba
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Babu
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Babu
|-
|1930–1970
|Bukta
|-
|1971–1981
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Umbro
|-
|1981–1986
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |JVC
|-
|1986–1994
|[[Adidas]]
|-
|1994–1999
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Nike
|-
|1999–2002
|Dreamcast Sega&lt;br /&gt;
|-
|2002–2006
|O2
|-
|2006–2014
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |[[Emirates]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Emirates and Arsenal Renew Sponsorship Deal |url=https://www.emirates.com/media-centre/emirates-and-arsenal-renew-sponsorship-deal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714222642/https://www.emirates.com/media-centre/emirates-and-arsenal-renew-sponsorship-deal |archive-date=14 July 2021 |access-date=24 February 2019 |website=www.emirates.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2014–2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Puma
|-
|2018–2019
| rowspan=&quot;2 &quot; |Ziyarar Rwanda&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal partner with 'Visit Rwanda' |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/club-welcomes-visit-rwanda-new-partner |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802014646/https://www.arsenal.com/news/club-welcomes-visit-rwanda-new-partner |archive-date=2 August 2021 |access-date=23 May 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019–2026
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Adidas]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Adidas and Arsenal launch new home kit |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/adidas-and-arsenal-launch-new-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701174645/https://www.arsenal.com/news/adidas-and-arsenal-launch-new-home-kit |archive-date=1 July 2019 |access-date=1 July 2019 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2026–
|Deel, Inc.
|-
|}

== Filin wasa ==
[[Fayil:Manor_Ground,_Woolwich_Arsenal_vs._Everton.jpg|right|thumb|Manor Ground, Woolwich Arsenal vs. [[Everton FC|Everton]]]]
Kafin ya shiga Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa, Arsenal ta taka leda a takaice a Plumstead Common, sannan a Manor Ground a Plumste, sannan ya shafe shekaru uku tsakanin 1890 da 1893 a kusa da Invicta Ground. Bayan shiga Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa a shekara ta 1893, kulob din ya koma Manor Ground kuma ya shigar da dakuna da terrace, yana inganta shi daga filin wasa kawai. Arsenal ta ci gaba da buga wasanninsu na gida a can na shekaru ashirin masu zuwa (tare da banbanci biyu a kakar 1894-95), har zuwa lokacin da suka koma arewacin London a 1913. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Simon Inglis}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An fi sani da Highbury, [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]] shine gidan kulob din daga Satumba 1913 har zuwa Mayu 2006. Mashahurin masanin ƙwallon ƙafa Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin wasan na asali, kuma yana da ƙirar da ta saba da yawancin filin ƙwallon ƙwallon kafa a Burtaniya a lokacin, tare da ɗaki ɗaya da aka rufe da bankunan iska guda uku.&lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2005 |title=A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London |url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-date=4 February 2012 |access-date=4 February 2012 |publisher=Islington Council}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba da cikakken filin wasan babban gyare-gyare a cikin shekarun 1930: an gina sabon Art Deco West da East, an buɗe shi a cikin 1932 da 1936 bi da bi, kuma an kara rufin zuwa filin Arewacin Bank, wanda aka jefa bam a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu kuma ba a dawo da shi ba har zuwa 1954. &lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot; /&gt;

Highbury na iya ɗaukar masu kallo sama da 60,000 a mafi girma, kuma yana da damar 57,000 har zuwa farkon shekarun 1990. Rahoton Taylor da ka'idojin Premier League sun tilasta wa Arsenal ta canza Highbury zuwa filin wasa mai cike da kujeru a lokacin kakar 1993-94, don haka rage damar zuwa masu kallo 38,419 da ke zaune.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Highbury |url=http://www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=The+Club&amp;article=344883&amp;Title=Highbury |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111223345/http://www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=The+Club&amp;article=344883&amp;Title=Highbury |archive-date=11 January 2008 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dole ne a kara rage wannan damar a lokacin wasannin [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai]] don karɓar ƙarin allon talla, don haka don lokutan biyu, daga 1998 zuwa 2000, Arsenal ta buga wasannin gida na gasar zakaruna a Wembley, wanda zai iya ɗaukar masu kallo sama da 70,000.
[[Fayil:Arsenal_Stadium_interior_North_Bank.jpg|alt=A grandstand at a sports stadium. The seats are predominantly red.|right|thumb|Gidan Arewacin Bank, [[Filin wasan Arsenal|Filin wasa na Arsenal]], Highbury]]
An ƙuntata fadada Highbury saboda an sanya Gabashin Gabas a matsayin ginin da aka jera na Grade II kuma sauran uku suna kusa da kadarorin zama.&lt;ref name=&quot;conservation_plan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2005 |title=A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London |url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf |archive-date=4 February 2012 |access-date=4 February 2012 |publisher=Islington Council}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120204050811/http://www.islington.gov.uk/DownloadableDocuments/Environment/Pdf/highburyconservationplan_2005.pdf &quot;A Conservation Plan for Highbury Stadium, London&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan iyakoki sun hana kulob din kara yawan kudaden shiga a cikin shekarun 1990 da shekaru goma na farko na karni na 21, suna sanya su cikin haɗarin barin su a baya a cikin bunkasar kwallon kafa na wannan lokacin. Bayan la'akari da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, a cikin 2000 Arsenal ta ba da shawarar gina sabon filin wasa mai iyawa 60,361 a Ashburton Grove, tun lokacin da ake Filin wasa na Emirates, kimanin mita 500 kudu maso yammacin Highbury. Da farko an jinkirta aikin ne saboda jan tef da hauhawar farashi,  kuma an kammala ginin a watan Yulin 2006, a lokacin da za a fara kakar 2006-07.  An sanya sunan filin wasan ne bayan masu tallafawa, kamfanin jirgin sama na Emirates, wanda kulob din ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tallafawa mafi girma a tarihin Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila, wanda ya kai kimanin fam miliyan 100. Wasu magoya baya sun kira filin Ashburton Grove, ko Grove, saboda ba su yarda da tallafin kamfanoni na sunayen filin wasa ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dawes |first=Brian |year=2006 |title=The 'E' Word |url=http://www.arsenal-world.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&amp;id=283908 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008060533/http://www.arsenal-world.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&amp;id=283908 |archive-date=8 October 2006 |access-date=11 August 2008 |website=Arsenal World |publisher=Footymad}}&lt;/ref&gt; Za a san filin wasan a hukumance da filin wasa na Emirates har zuwa akalla 2028, kuma kamfanin jirgin sama zai zama mai tallafawa kulob din har zuwa akasin haka 2024.   Tun daga farkon kakar 2010-11 zuwa gaba, an san wuraren wasan a matsayin Bankin Arewa, Gabashin Gabas, Yammacin Yamma da ƙarshen Agogo. Matsayin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa yanzu yana tsaye a 60,704.&lt;ref name=&quot;cap2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Premier League Handbook 2020/21 |url=https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2021/04/07/6ebff069-a7ee-415d-afbd-15878b6d33b2/2020-21-PL-Handbook-240321.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412002820/https://resources.premierleague.com/premierleague/document/2021/04/07/6ebff069-a7ee-415d-afbd-15878b6d33b2/2020-21-PL-Handbook-240321.pdf |archive-date=12 April 2021 |access-date=12 April 2021 |publisher=Premier League |page=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;{{Wide image|Emirates Stadium - East stand Club Level.jpg|1367px|A [[panorama]] of the [[Emirates Stadium]] before a match}}

== 'Yan wasa ==

=== Kungiyar farko ===
{{Updated|24 January 2026}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.arsenal.com/men/players |title=Squad: Men |publisher=Arsenal F.C. |access-date=1 September 2025}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Kididdiga da rikodin ==
[[Fayil:Thierry_Henry_applauding_2012.jpg|thumb|[[Thierry Henry]] shine mai zira kwallaye na Arsenal, tare da kwallaye 228 a duk gasa.]]
Arsenal ta ƙwallon ƙafa 13 League Championship ita ce na uku mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙwallon Ingila, bayan Liverpool (20) da Manchester United (20), &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James M |date=28 August 2009 |title=England&amp;nbsp;– List of Champions |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engchamp.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730154323/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engchamp.html |archive-date=30 July 2022 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma su ne kulob na farko da ya kai na bakwai da na takwas League Championship. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2020, suna ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi bakwai, sauran su ne Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], Manchester City, Leicester City da Liverpool, waɗanda suka lashe gasar Firimiya tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 1992. &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;

Suna riƙe da mafi yawan kyaututtuka na FA Cup, tare da 14.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James M |date=12 June 2009 |title=England FA Challenge Cup Finals |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engcuphist.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113115049/http://rsssf.com/tablese/engcuphist.html |archive-date=13 January 2010 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin kungiyoyi shida kawai da suka lashe kofin FA Sau biyu a jere, a 2002 da 2003, da 2014 da 2015.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt; Arsenal ta samu nasarar League da FA Cup &quot;Doubles&quot; sau uku (a 1971, 1998 da 2002), wani abin da Manchester United ta samu a baya (a 1994, 1996 da 1999).  &lt;ref name=&quot;FCHD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal |url=https://www.fchd.info/ARSENAL.HTM |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091106003337/http://fchd.info/ARSENAL.HTM |archive-date=6 November 2009 |access-date=23 October 2009 |website=Football Club History Database |publisher=Richard Rundle}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stokkermans |first=Karel |date=24 September 2009 |title=Doing the Double: Countrywise Records |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/doublerec.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126184235/http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/doublerec.html |archive-date=26 November 2015 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun kasance rukuni na farko a cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila don kammala FA Cup da League Cup sau biyu, a 1993. Arsenal kuma ita ce kulob din farko na London da ta kai wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA, a shekara ta 2006, inda ta sha kashi 2-1 a [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsenal Football Club |url=http://www.premierleague.com/page/arsenal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913103452/http://www.premierleague.com/page/arsenal |archive-date=13 September 2008 |access-date=11 August 2008 |publisher=Premier League}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Arsenal tana da daya daga cikin mafi kyawun rikodin jirgin sama a tarihi, bayan sun gama ƙasa da goma sha huɗu sau bakwai kawai. Sun lashe wasanni na biyu mafi girma a gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, kuma sun tara maki na biyu mafi yawa, &lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF1stLevelAllTime&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pietarinen |first=Heikki |date=24 August 2017 |title=England – First Level All-Time Tables |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engalltime.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824181412/http://www.rsssf.com/tablese/engalltime.html |archive-date=24 August 2017 |access-date=24 August 2017 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPietarinen2017&quot;&gt;Pietarinen, Heikki (24 August 2017). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; ko an lissafa su da maki biyu a kowace nasara &lt;ref name=&quot;All Time Table&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=English Premier League : Full All Time Table |url=http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/all-time-table/full |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320225558/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/all-time-table/full |archive-date=20 March 2017 |access-date=21 January 2016 |website=statto.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko kuma da darajar maki na zamani. Sun kasance a cikin saman jirgin sama na mafi yawan lokutan jere (98 kamar yadda 2023-24).  &lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_Div_Movements&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ross |first=James |last2=Heneghan |first2=Michael |last3=Orford |first3=Stuart |last4=Culliton |first4=Eoin |date=25 August 2016 |title=English Clubs Divisional Movements 1888–2016 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622041929/https://www.rsssf.org/tablese/engall.html |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRossHeneghanOrfordCulliton2016&quot;&gt;Ross, James; Heneghan, Michael; Orford, Stuart; Culliton, Eoin (25 August 2016). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;All-time Arsenal&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=James |first=Josh |date=18 June 2013 |title=All-time Arsenal |url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/features/48523/behind-the-numbers- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622042610/https://www.arsenal.com/news/features/48523/behind-the-numbers- |archive-date=22 June 2023 |access-date=22 June 2023 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Seasons Spent in the Top Flight of English Football by Clubs from 1888–89 to 2023–24 |url=https://www.myfootballfacts.com/england_footy/football-league/seasons-in-top-flight/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209052735/https://www.myfootballfacts.com/england_footy/football-league/seasons-in-top-flight/ |archive-date=9 December 2021 |access-date=23 September 2023 |website=My Football Facts}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, Arsenal tana da matsayi mafi girma a cikin karni na 20, tare da matsakaicin matsayi na 8.5. 

Arsenal tana riƙe da rikodin mafi tsawo na wasannin League da ba a ci ba (49 tsakanin Mayu 2003 da Oktoba 2004).  Wannan ya hada da dukkan wasannin 38 na nasarar da suka samu a kakar 2003-04, lokacin da Arsenal ta zama kulob na biyu da ta kammala yakin neman zabe ba tare da an ci nasara ba, bayan Preston North End (wanda ya buga wasanni 22 kawai) a 1888-89.&lt;ref name=&quot;49 Unbeaten&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 June 2017 |title=49 Unbeaten |url=https://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records/the-unbeaten-record |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112010642/https://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records/the-unbeaten-record |archive-date=12 November 2020 |access-date=14 April 2018 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, suna riƙe da rikodin mafi tsawo a saman jirgin sama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EPL Records&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Records |url=http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107021729/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/premier-league/records |archive-date=7 November 2011 |access-date=22 March 2016 |website=statto.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta kafa rikodin gasar zakarun Turai a lokacin kakar 2005-06 ta hanyar buga wasanni goma ba tare da ba da kwallo ba, ta doke mafi kyawun bakwai da AC Milan ta kafa. Sun tafi jimlar rikodin minti 995 ba tare da barin abokin hamayyar ya ci kwallo ba; tseren ya ƙare a wasan karshe, lokacin da [[Samuel Eto'o]] ya zira kwallaye 76 na Barcelona.&amp;nbsp;

David O'Leary yana da rikodin bayyanar Arsenal, bayan ya buga wasanni 722 na farko tsakanin 1975 da 1993. Rabin tsakiya kuma tsohon kyaftin din [[Tony Adams]] ya zo na biyu, bayan ya buga sau 669. David Seaman ne ke riƙe da rikodin [[Mai tsaran raga|Mai tsaron gida]], tare da bayyanar 564. &lt;ref name=&quot;clubrecords&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Club Records |url=http://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905054109/http://www.arsenal.com/history/club-records |archive-date=5 September 2015 |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Thierry Henry]] shine babban mai zira kwallaye a kulob din tare da kwallaye 228 a duk gasa tsakanin 1999 da 2012;  ya wuce jimlar Ian Wright na 185 a watan Oktoba 2005.  Rubuce-rubucen Wright sun tsaya tun watan Satumbar 1997, lokacin da ya wuce jimlar kwallaye 178 da mai tsaron gida Cliff Bastin ya kafa a shekarar 1939.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ward |first=Rupert |title=Arsenal vs Bolton. 13/0&lt;!-- no format change --&gt;9/97 |url=http://www.arseweb.com/97-98/reports/130997.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008220109/http://www.arseweb.com/97-98/reports/130997.html |archive-date=8 October 2015 |access-date=11 August 2008 |publisher=Arseweb}}&lt;/ref&gt; Henry kuma yana da rikodin kulob din don burin da aka zira a League, tare da 175,  rikodin da Bastin ya rike har zuwa Fabrairu 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;henry&quot; /&gt; Declan Rice yana riƙe da farashin sa hannu na Arsenal bayan an kammala yarjejeniya da [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a watan Yulin 2023, don £ 100 miliyan na farko. Wannan ya wuce tsohon rikodin na fam miliyan 72 ga [[Nicolas Pépé|Nicolas Pepe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 July 2023 |title=Declan Rice: Arsenal sign England midfielder from West Ham in club-record £105m deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/12913870/declan-rice-arsenal-sign-england-midfielder-from-west-ham-in-club-record-lb105m-deal |publisher=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daraja ==
Arsenal ta lashe kyautar azurfa ta farko a matsayin Royal Arsenal a shekara ta 1890. Kofin Kent Junior, wanda Royal Arsenal ta lashe, shine Kofin FA na kulob din, yayin da kofin farko ya zo makonni uku bayan haka lokacin da suka lashe kofin Kent Senior . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |date=1 March 2012 |title=122 years ago today – Arsenal's first Silverware |url=http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329190212/http://www.blog.woolwicharsenal.co.uk/archives/3103 |archive-date=29 March 2016 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=The History of Arsenal (AISA Arsenal History Society)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;aftlu&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |title=Arsenal first team line ups |url=http://thearsenalhistory.com/stat/aftlu.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715102949/http://thearsenalhistory.com/stat/aftlu.htm |archive-date=15 July 2016 |access-date=15 June 2016 |website=The Arsenal History}}&lt;/ref&gt; Babban girmamawa na farko na kasa ya zo ne a 1930, lokacin da suka lashe Kofin FA.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 August 2007 |title=GGM 36: Arsenal win their first major trophy |url=http://www.arsenal.com/ggm-36-arsenal-win-their-first-major-trophy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923185120/http://www.arsenal.com/ggm-36-arsenal-win-their-first-major-trophy |archive-date=23 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar ta ci gaba da samun nasara a cikin shekarun 1930, inda ta lashe kofin FA da kuma gasar kwallon kafa ta farko guda biyar.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150930200319/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1931-35 &quot;125 years of Arsenal history – 1931–1935&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2011 |title=125 years of Arsenal history – 1936–1940 |url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1936-40 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930230223/http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/125-years-of-arsenal-history-1936-40 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=18 September 2015 |publisher=Arsenal F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Arsenal ta lashe gasar zakarun farko da kofin sau biyu a kakar 1970-71 kuma sau biyu ta sake maimaita wannan, a 1997-98 da 2001-02, tare da lashe kofin sau uku na FA Cup da League Cup a 1992-93.  Shekarar 2003-04 ita ce kawai kakar wasanni 38 da ba a ci nasara ba a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila. An ba da izinin zinare na musamman na gasar Firimiya kuma an gabatar da shi ga kulob din a kakar wasa mai zuwa.
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%; text-align:center;&quot;
|+Kyautar Arsenal FC
! style=&quot;width: 1%;&quot; |Irin wannan
! style=&quot;width: 5%;&quot; |Gasar
! style=&quot;width: 1%;&quot; |Takardun sarauta
! style=&quot;width: 21%;&quot; |Lokaci
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; scope=&quot;rowgroup&quot; |'''A cikin gida'''
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Sashe na Farko / Premier League{{Efn|Upon its formation in 1992, the [[Premier League]] became the top tier of [[Football in England|English football]]; the [[English Football League|Football League]] [[Football League First Division|First]] and [[Football League Second Division|Second Divisions]] then became the second and third tiers, respectively. From 2004, the First Division became the [[EFL Championship|Championship]] and the Second Division became [[EFL League One|League One]].}}
|13
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1930–31, 1932–33, 1933–34, 1934–35, 1937–38, 1947–48, 1952–53, 1970–71, 1988–89, 1990–91, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin FA
| style=&quot;background-color:gold&quot; |'''14'''
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1929–30, 1935–36, 1949–50, 1970–71, 1978–79, 1992–93, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2019–20
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin EFL{{Efn|Until 2016, the unsponsored name of the EFL Cup was the Football League Cup.}}
|2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1986–87, 1992–93
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Garkuwar Jama'a ta FA{{Efn|Until 2002, the FA Community Shield was known as the FA Charity Shield.}}
|17
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1930, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1938, 1948, 1953, 1991, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2020, 2023
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Centenary na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa
| style=&quot;background-color:gold&quot; |'''1'''
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1988
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;rowgroup&quot; |'''Yankin nahiyar'''
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Masu Gasar Cin Kofin UEFA
|1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1993–94
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kofin Kasuwanci na Kasuwanci
|1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |1969–70
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>kphddg2tqis83fd8qz3frfkiiyhd753</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Goa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13601</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838377</id>
      <parentid>593944</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:11:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Naja'atu Bintoo Usman</username>
        <id>22641</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>838377</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1576" sha1="qui3gf9gm38kj5a8oyzj1y7u8qm1bak" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}

[[File:Administrative_map_of_Goa.png|thumb|right|250px|Taswirar yankunan jihar Goa.]]
[[Fayil:The Terekhol River and Querim Beach, panoramic view, Goa, India.jpg|thumb]]
[[Fayil:Anjuna Beach, Goa, India, Legendary Curlies beach shack.jpg|thumb]]
[[Fayil:Mandrem Beach and Mandrem River, Mandrem, Goa, India.jpg|thumb]]
[[Fayil:Arambol, Goa, Art performer at sunset.jpg|thumb]]
[[Fayil:Shantadurga temple.jpg|thumb]]
[[Fayil:Vagator Beach, Anjuna, Goa, India.jpg|thumb]]
[[Fayil:Vagator, Goa, India, Trance party in Goa, nightlife in Goa.jpg|thumb]]
[[Fayil:Vagator Beach, Goa, India, Palms.jpg|thumb]]
[[Fayil:View of sunset from São Jacinto Island, Goa, India.jpg|thumb]]
[[Fayil:Market of Goa, Itinerario.png|thumb]]
'''Goa''' jiha ce, da ke a Yammacin kasar [[Indiya]]. Tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita arabba’i 3,702, da yawan jama’a 1,458,545 (in ji kidayar shekarar, 2011). Jihar tarayyar [[Indiya]] ce daga shekara ta 1987. Babban birnin jihar [[Panaji]] ne. Birnin mafi girman jihar [[Vasco da Gama]] ne. Satya Pal Malik shi ne gwamnan jihar. Jihar [[Goa]] tana da iyaka da jihohin biyu: [[Maharashtra]] a Arewa, [[Karnataka]] a Gabas da Kudu. 
==Hotuna==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:India Goa Little Vagator Shiva-Head Cobra.jpg|File:India Goa Little Vagator Shiva-Head Cobra
File:India Goa Chapora River Boat.jpg|India Goa Chapora River Boat
File:WLM 2019 in India Post Card Design-5.jpg
File:Shri-Mangesh-Temple,Goa.JPG|Shri-Mangesh-Temple,Goa
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Manazarta==
{{Template:Jihohin Indiya}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Goa}}
[[Category:Jihohin da yankunan Indiya]]</text>
      <sha1>qui3gf9gm38kj5a8oyzj1y7u8qm1bak</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Sanusi Gado</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>14180</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838484</id>
      <parentid>576287</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:16:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
      <origin>838484</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6351" sha1="dqj40qpltcutsddz2jc7s4jzegwn4wv" xml:space="preserve">&lt;/noinclude&gt;
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Sanusi Gado! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Sanusi Gado|gudummuwarka]]. Kuma ina fatan zaka tsaya ka ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimake ka ka fahimci Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]], ko kuma ka tambayeni a {{Gyara|User talk:Anasskoko|section=new|shafina na tattaunawa}}. Na gode.  [[User:Anasskoko|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#00BFFF&quot;&gt;An@ss_koko&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Anasskoko|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#7F007F&quot;&gt;(magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]][[Special:Contributions/Anasskoko|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#7F007F&quot;&gt;(aiki)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 11:52, 24 ga Yuli, 2020 (UTC)
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Hausa Community Health Articles Trans-Athon]]

== Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia,

Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC.

Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a.

Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]].

Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki.

A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC)
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== Thank you for being a medical contributors! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{| style=&quot;background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;&quot;
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;&quot; | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|130px]]
|style=&quot;font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;&quot; |'''The 2024 Cure Award''' 
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;&quot; |In 2024 you '''[[mdwiki:WikiProjectMed:WikiProject_Medicine/Stats/Top_medical_editors_2024_(all)|were one of the top medical editors in your language]]'''. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We really appreciate you and the vital work you do! 

Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|Consider joining for 2025]]''', there are no associated costs.

Additionally one of our primary efforts revolves around translating health content. We invite you to '''[https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php try our new workflow]''' if you have not already. Our dashboard automatically [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php collects statistics] of your efforts and we are working on [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/fixwikirefs.php tools to automatically improve formating].
|}

Thanks again :-)  -- [[mdwiki:User:Doc_James|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000f1&quot;&gt;'''Doc James'''&lt;/span&gt;]] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 06:23, 26 ga Janairu, 2025 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Doc James@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Top_Other_Language_Editors_2024&amp;oldid=28172893 --&gt;

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:16, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&amp;oldid=30569826 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>dqj40qpltcutsddz2jc7s4jzegwn4wv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Binmaleeek</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>14353</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838419</id>
      <parentid>576293</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:14:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
      <origin>838419</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5083" sha1="nqhkngfvaaqsq1gljfvgbwt4va176lc" xml:space="preserve">Assalamu Alaikum sunana [https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Anasskoko|    Anas], daya daga cikin editoci a [[WP:Hausa Wikipedia]], Idan kina/kana bukatan karin bayani ku min magana [https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Anasskoko|  a nan], domin samun PDF, Video tutorials akan yanda ake gyara [[Hausa Wikipedia]], ko kuma ku min magana a adireshi na na i-mail kamar haka [https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EmailUser/Anasskoko|  aanass.aadamm@gmail.com], Nagode.

'''Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da zasu taimaka maka/miki a [[Hausa Wikipedia]]'''

&lt;/noinclude&gt;
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Binmaleeek! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Binmaleeek|gudummuwarka]]. Kuma ina fatan zaka tsaya ka ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimake ka ka fahimci Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]], ko kuma ka tambayeni a {{Gyara|User talk:Anasskoko|section=new|shafina na tattaunawa}}. Na gode.  [[User:Anasskoko|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#00BFFF&quot;&gt;An@ss_koko&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Anasskoko|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#7F007F&quot;&gt;(magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]][[Special:Contributions/Anasskoko|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#7F007F&quot;&gt;(aiki)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 22:48, 28 ga Augusta, 2020 (UTC)
&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Thank you for being a medical contributors! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{| style=&quot;background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;&quot;
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;&quot; | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|130px]]
|style=&quot;font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;&quot; |'''The 2024 Cure Award''' 
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;&quot; |In 2024 you '''[[mdwiki:WikiProjectMed:WikiProject_Medicine/Stats/Top_medical_editors_2024_(all)|were one of the top medical editors in your language]]'''. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We really appreciate you and the vital work you do! 

Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|Consider joining for 2025]]''', there are no associated costs.

Additionally one of our primary efforts revolves around translating health content. We invite you to '''[https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php try our new workflow]''' if you have not already. Our dashboard automatically [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php collects statistics] of your efforts and we are working on [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/fixwikirefs.php tools to automatically improve formating].
|}

Thanks again :-)  -- [[mdwiki:User:Doc_James|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000f1&quot;&gt;'''Doc James'''&lt;/span&gt;]] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 06:23, 26 ga Janairu, 2025 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Doc James@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Top_Other_Language_Editors_2024&amp;oldid=28172893 --&gt;

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:14, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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      <sha1>nqhkngfvaaqsq1gljfvgbwt4va176lc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:AYM8818</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>14587</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838490</id>
      <parentid>572932</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:20:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
      <origin>838490</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="74248" sha1="9egh1fzirqh9ekteels3hfkb443c8aq" xml:space="preserve">== Sannu da ƙoƙari ==
Assalamu Alaikum suna na [https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Anasskoko|    Anas], daya daga cikin editoci a [[WP:Hausa Wikipedia]], Idan kuna bukatar karin bayani ku min magana ta [https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Anasskoko|  a nan], domin samun PDF, Video tutorials a kan yanda ake gyara [[Hausa Wikipedia]], ko kuma ku min magana a adireshi na na i-mail kamar haka [https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EmailUser/Anasskoko|  aanass.aadamm@gmail.com], Nagode.

'''Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da zasu taimaka ku a [[Hausa Wikipedia]]'''

&lt;/noinclude&gt;
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Aliyu shaba! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Aliyu shaba|gudummuwarka]]. Kuma ina fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bayar da gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimake ku fahimci Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kuna buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]], ko kuma ka tambayeni a {{Gyara|User talk:Anasskoko|section=new|shafina na tattaunawa}}. Na gode.  [[User:Anasskoko|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#00BFFF&quot;&gt;An@ss_koko&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Anasskoko|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#7F007F&quot;&gt;(magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]][[Special:Contributions/Anasskoko|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#7F007F&quot;&gt;(aiki)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 05:15, 15 Satumba 2020 (UTC)
&lt;/noinclude&gt;

'''Saƙo daga ANAS,'''
==Barka da kokari==
Naga kayi creating [[template:Infobox writer|Template Infobox writer]], da kuma sanya category kamar wadannan '''Category:Hausawa, Category:Garuruwan Hausawa'''. Abunda nake son kasani shine Template daga wata Wikipedia ba zata yi amfani ba anan, saboda babu ita, saidai idan anyi creating dinta Kuma yin hakan na bukatar wasu abubuwan da dama kamar Coding da CSS style na shafin. Sannan su kuma categories ana yin sune domin su tattara wasu shafuka masu kama da juna a wuri daya, Bawai ko'ina ake sanya Category ba sai inda categorin ya dace da a saka shi. Misali, '''Category:Mutanen Najeriya''' to kawai za'a sanya wannan category din ne a shafukan mutanen da suka fito daga Najeriya bawai kowa da kowa ba, sannan akwai category da ake kira parent category wadanda su kuma ba'a sanya su a shafuka saidai a cikin wasu categories din. Dan karin bayani zaka iya duba cikakken bayani anan [[en:WP:CATEGORY|English Wikipedia Category]] dan sanin yadda ake amfani da kuma kirkiran sabon category, saboda kamar '''Category:Garuruwan Hausawa''' bai dace ba. &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #804; color: #fa0;&quot;&gt;&lt;samp&gt;Em&lt;/samp&gt;[[User:M-Mustapha|-]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal; background-color: #804; color: #5b2;&quot;&gt;&lt;samp&gt;mustapha&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;samp&gt;[[user talk:M-Mustapha|t@lk]]&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  20:37, 3 Oktoba 2020 (UTC)
==Decolonizetheinternet==
Salam, [https://meta.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Decolonise_the_Internet/Participants Ga link din gasar nan] Saï ka sanya sunan ka kuma ka jera dukkanin mukalolin daka kirkira. &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #804; color: #fa0;&quot;&gt;&lt;samp&gt;Em&lt;/samp&gt;[[User:M-Mustapha|-]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal; background-color: #804; color: #5b2;&quot;&gt;&lt;samp&gt;mustapha&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;samp&gt;[[user talk:M-Mustapha|t@lk]]&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  08:21, 21 Nuwamba, 2020 (UTC)

== Inganta Mukaloli a Hausa Wikipedia ==

Assalamu alaikum, Suna na Anasskoko daya cikin [[wikipedia:Admin|Admin]] masu kula da al'amuran [[Hausa Wikipedia]], naga kokarin ka sosai akan mukalolin daka ke ta kirkira, wanda hakan abune mai kyau, kuma ina maraba da hakan, amman wata hanzari ba gudu ba, wasu daga cikin mukalolin ka basu da [[wikipedia:Tutorial|Reference/Manazarta]] koda ko kwara daya ne, wanda hakan tsaiko ne ga Hausa Wikipedia sanna tsaiko ne a gareka domin cin gasar da kake fafatawa a ciki, shawara ! ka ringa samar da reference/Mmanazarta a kowanne mukala da ka kirkira domin Hausa Wikipedia tayi kyau, kaima ka samu daman lashe cin zakaran gasar Wikipedia@20.

Ka sani rashin samar da reference na haifar da matsaloli masu yawa ga Hausa Wikipedia da kuma kai karan kanka a matsayinka na dan wasan gasar Wikipedia@20, Ina so in karfafa maka gwiya domin ka gyara mukalolinka domin lashe gasar da kake wasa ciki, domin kuma ci gaban Hausa Wikipedia.

Samar da reference abune mai sauki, kawai kaje yanar gizo ka samo su, ko kuma daga littattafai, idan hakan ya maka wahala to akwai wata hanya mai sauki, ka bude tab/shafin browsing biyu a wayar ka ko Kwamputar ka , tab na farko ka bude shafin mukalar a English Wikipedia, tab na biyu kuma ka bude shafin a Hausa Wikipedia, sai ka ringa copying link address din English Wikipedia kana generating din shi a shafin Hausa Wikipedia ta hanyar '''Cite''' dake sama a lokacin '''Editing''', ka tabbatar da cewa ko wacce link adress ta zauna a mazauninta.

Idan kuma kana bukatan karin bayani kamin magana a shafina na tatt,unawa [[User talk:Anasskoko]] domin taimako ko kuma karin bayani, ina maka fatan alheri a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma gasar Wikipedia@20, Nagode! daga naka.--  [[User:Anasskoko|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#00BFFF&quot;&gt;An@ss_koko&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Anasskoko|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#7F007F&quot;&gt;(Yi Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 14:22, 11 ga Maris, 2021 (UTC)

Abin da yasa kake ganin Wasu daga cikin mukalolin basu da reference/Manazarta shi ne, duk wanda ka ganshi be da Manazarta/reference to beda shi ne kana iya duba wa kuma. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_translation_from_Arabic_Wikipedia] 
kusan kuma duk haka suke Ba wai daga ni ba ne [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_translation_from_Asturian_Wikipedia][[User:Anasskoko]]

([[User:Aliyu shaba|Aliyu shaba]] ([[User talk:Aliyu shaba#top|talk]]) 15:51, 11 ga Maris, 2021 (UTC)
Kana iya duba wa wa'innan mokalolin 
[[Trescares]] [[Jarceley]] [[Bergame (Narcea)]]  Kusan yawan cin haka suke
[[User:Anasskoko]]  
([[User:Aliyu shaba|Aliyu shaba]] ([[User talk:Aliyu shaba#top|talk]]) 09:24, 12 ga Maris, 2021 (UTC)
[[Category:Translation Edit-A-Thon]]

== Gasar Hausa Wikipedia ==

'''Assalamu alaikum''' @[[User:Aliyu shaba|Aliyu shaba]]''','''

Ina mai sanar da kai cewa za'a sanar da sakamakon gasa gobe idan Allah ya kaimu, ka duba wannan shafin domin ganin sakamakon gasa, sannan kyaututtuka za'a bayar dasu ne lokaci kadan bayan sanarwan. [[WP:Gasar Hausa Wikipedia ta Shekara-shekara]], Nagode.---  [[User:Anasskoko|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#00BFFF&quot;&gt;An@ss_koko&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Anasskoko|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#7F007F&quot;&gt;(Yi Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 11:20, 23 ga Yuni, 2021 (UTC)

== Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? ==

Hi! {{ping|User:Aliyu shaba}}

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]].

The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement.

Please vote [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|here]]

Regards, [[User:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Zuz (WMF)|talk]]) 10:05, 15 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC)

== Campaigns Product Update #3 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! 

We are excited to share our updates:

*'''Proposal to create new namespaces''': We have proposed to create two namespaces, which are “'''Event'''” and “'''Event talk'''.” This way, we can easily create an Event Center that pulls data from event pages. This Event Center may include tools to create event pages with registration support, a calendar of events, and event statistics, among other features. More importantly, the Event Center will highlight organizing as an essential part of the Wikimedia movement. Please give us feedback on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T296280 Phabricator] or [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_March_2022_update|Meta]] about our proposal to create two new namespaces.

*'''Engineering updates''': We are excited that we have finished hiring for our engineering team! Three engineers and an engineering manager have joined our team since our last update. In the last few months, they have conducted technical planning and launched the building phase of the project. They are now building the  registration tool. You can see the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|updated team on meta]].

*'''Design updates''': We conducted usability tests with a small group of testers for early feedback on the desktop wireframes. After collecting this feedback, we have developed a new version for desktop wireframes, which will be ready to share in the next few weeks. These desktop wireframes display the user flow of two experiences: one for organizers who want to add registration to their event pages, and another for participants who want to register for an event. Additionally, the design team is also currently working on the first version of mobile wireframes, which will be shared during the next office hour. 

::1. View the latest desktop wireframes in '''Figma''' for [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1899%3A44995&amp;scaling=min-zoom&amp;page-id=1472%3A36710&amp;starting-point-node-id=1899%3A44995&amp;show-proto-sidebar=1&amp;hide-ui=1 Campaign Organizer Prototype] and [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1998%3A49612&amp;scaling=min-zoom&amp;page-id=1472%3A36710&amp;starting-point-node-id=1998%3A49612&amp;show-proto-sidebar=1&amp;hide-ui=1 Participant Registration Prototype].
::2. [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_project_principles_&amp;_wireframes_(October_2021)|Leave us some feedback]] on the desktop wireframes. Note that we haven’t posted the newest version of the desktop wireframes on the project page yet, but we will soon (and you can feel free to add feedback on any version you have seen). 
 
*'''Ambassador updates''': Three product ambassadors for the Arabic, French and Swahili communities have now joined our team! They will help us collect feedback from Wikimedia communities about the project and understand the needs of organizers, through gathering first-hand information. These ambassadors are immersed as actual members of these communities, so they will also help us identify the needs of the organizers in our pilot communities. The ambassadors are: [[m:User:Bachounda (WMF)|'''M. Bachounda''']] for Arabic communities, [[m:User:Geugeor-WMF|'''Georges Fodouop''']] for French communities, and [[m:User:AMtavangu (WMF)|'''Antoni Mtavangu''']] for Swahili communities. 

'''What is next?'''
:'''Next Office Hour''': We will be holding an office hour on '''March 31, 2022''' at 15:00 UTC, which will be conducted via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 '''Zoom''']. We invite everyone to attend, and we really hope to see you! The focus will be on the Registration Tool. The team will also be providing community updates on the usability test findings and design highlights for the wireframes. We will also share our current Project timeline and answer any questions you may have. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 03|Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!]]

:In a few months, we are expecting to have the early testable version of the tool. By then, the team will be doing the first round of general testing and gathering feedback. We are looking forward to adding more features on the tool such as communication support, potentially by the end of this year. If you know other organizers that might be interested in following these developments, please recommend that they [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|subscribe to the newsletter]]. We want to receive as much feedback as we can.

Thank you!


'''The Campaign Product Team'''
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:26, 22 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC)
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== Campaign Product Team Office Hour - March 31, 2022 ==

Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers!

The Campaign Product Team will be hosting the next office hour  to share exciting updates on the Registration Tool and new proposed namespaces for events. We will also be sharing community updates on the usability tests and design highlights of the latest mobile and desktop wireframes. 

Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!

:Date: '''March 31, 2022'''
:Time: 15:00 UTC
:Zoom Link: https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320

You may also watch [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jT8fRUWjfI Campaigns Office Hour: Introducing the Campaigns Product Team] to learn more about the Team and the previous wireframes.

Feel free to send a message to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you want to receive an email reminder for this meeting.

Thank you.


'''The Campaign Product Team'''


[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:37, 30 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 7&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 7, July-September 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt; 
----
Welcome to the 7th issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! The newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the implementation of Wikimedia's [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy recommendations]], other relevant topics regarding Movement governance, as well as different projects and activities supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance (MSG) team of the Wikimedia Foundation.  

The MSG Newsletter is delivered quarterly, while the more frequent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Updates|Movement Strategy Weekly]] will be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt; 

* '''Movement sustainability''': Wikimedia Foundation's annual sustainability report has been published. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1|continue reading]])
* '''Improving user experience''': recent improvements on the desktop interface for Wikimedia projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|continue reading]])
* '''Safety and inclusion''': updates on the revision process of the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|continue reading]])
* '''Equity in decisionmaking''': reports from Hubs pilots conversations, recent progress from the Movement Charter Drafting Committee, and a new white paper for futures of participation in the Wikimedia movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|continue reading]])
* '''Stakeholders coordination''': launch of a helpdesk for Affiliates and volunteer communities working on content partnership. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|continue reading]])
* '''Leadership development''': updates on leadership projects by Wikimedia movement organizers in Brazil and Cape Verde. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|continue reading]])
* '''Internal knowledge management''': launch of a new portal for technical documentation and community resources. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|continue reading]])
* '''Innovate in free knowledge''': high-quality audiovisual resources for scientific experiments and a new toolkit to record oral transcripts. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|continue reading]])
* '''Evaluate, iterate, and adapt''': results from the Equity Landscape project pilot ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|continue reading]])
* '''Other news and updates''': a new forum to discuss Movement Strategy implementation, upcoming Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, a new podcast to discuss Movement Strategy, and change of personnel for the Foundation's Movement Strategy and Governance team. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 01:39, 18 ga Yuli, 2022 (UTC)
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== Event Registration Tool: Demo and Invitation to Test ==

Hello Subscribers!

[[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''The Campaigns Product  Team''']] from the Wikimedia Foundation will be hosting two office hours to  demo the new [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], and train organizers how to  use it. In these office hours, you will learn how to:

* Create an event page in the new event namespace (as an event organizer)

* Enable registration on your event page (as an event organizer)

* Collect data on who registered for your event (as an event organizer)

* Register for an event on the event page (as an event participant)

You can attend one office hour or both, depending on your availability on the following dates:

* Session 1: '''Thursday, July 21, 2022 at 5:00 PM UTC'''

* Session 2: '''Saturday, July 23, 2022 at 12:00 PM UTC'''

These events will be multilingual, with live interpretations in '''Arabic''', '''English''', '''French''', '''Italian''', and '''Portuguese''', and '''Swahili'''. Note that Portuguese will be available on the 21st, but not the 23rd. We strongly encourage you to join and share your feedback on the tool. Your feedback will help us improve the tool so that Wikimedians can have a better event experience. To register, please reply to this email or [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 07|'''''sign-up to our page''''']], by adding your signature.

Thank you!

&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt; [[User:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal (WMF)]] ([[User talk:IBrazal (WMF)|talk]]) 06:40, 18 ga Yuli, 2022 (UTC)

== Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 ==

Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers!


The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] will be having an office hour today, '''July 21, 2022 at 17:00 UTC''' via '''Zoom''' to demo the first release of the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']].

You may join the office hour using this [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83538569035 '''meeting link''']. 

We look forward to your participation. 

Thank you.


Best,

The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']]

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:46, 21 ga Yuli, 2022 (UTC)
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== Campaigns Product Update #4 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers!
 
We are excited to share our updates:

*&lt;div style = &quot;text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;&gt;'''Event Registration v0'''&lt;/div&gt;

:We have successfully launched '''Event Registration tool V0''' on beta cluster and collected feedback from the first batch of testers. This tool is part of a more comprehensive organizing solution, the '''Event Center''', which hopes to support movement organizers. Through this registration solution, organizers can collect useful data on campaign participants and their needs while respecting participant privacy. 

:'''Testing update'''. In our first round of feedback collection, testers were composed of different types of organizers around the movement with a language focus on Arabic, French, English, and Swahili communities. Most of the testers successfully created their test event registrations and signed up for a test event registration created by other organizers. '''''Simple''''', '''''easy to use''''', and '''''aids in managing event participants''''' were the common feedback we received from first-time users. In contrast, access and proper localization of the tool were the points for improvement identified. We are working on V1, which will include '''communication support''' and integration with the [https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/ '''Programs and Event Dashboard''']. This will be released on Meta-Wiki soon. We hope to address accessibility during this launch and improve localization problems once the tool has been deployed in local wikiprojects. 

:[https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Main_Page ''The tool is still available for testing on the beta cluster'']. Feel free to leave feedback on our project talk page or this [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe53MNV9CKVBAF3SV2q97baufizH7b_2QJ47H1w0Upvoh4QFQ/viewform form].  

*&lt;div style = &quot;text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;&gt;'''Organizer Lab'''&lt;/div&gt; Looking for a way to learn how to effectively organize around sustainability? Join the beta version of the Organizer Lab on WikiLearn to understand how to effectively organize a global campaign around sustainability and climate change! Applications are open from '''September 22 - October 19, 2022'''.  The Organizer Lab will be a '''9-week online learning experience from the end of October until mid December''' that prepares participants to obtain knowledge about the topics that they wish to create, a call to action for strategic knowledge gaps, as well as more generalized Wikimedia organizing and campaign/event design skills. 
:[[m:Campaigns/Organizer_Lab|'''Read more about the program''']]!  
&lt;br&gt;
'''What's Next''':

*'''Organizer Lab Information Session'''. We invite you to join our information session for the Organizer Lab on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1664546421 '''September 30, 2022 at 14:00 UTC'''] via '''Zoom'''. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89032870014 ''Join this session!'']&lt;br&gt;

*'''Organizer User Rights'''. We are reaching out to a pool of administrators from Arabic, French and Swahili communities to collect feedback on what is the best way to define organizer user rights, what privileges to give to community organizers, and what are the limitations of these privileges. Feel free to reach out to our [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|product ambassadors]] or send an email to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you are interested to be part of these conversations.
&lt;br&gt;
----
'''Community Feedback''':
&lt;center&gt;''&quot;Participants have been always asking the organizers are asked by participants whether they are registered, now participants will just look directly if they are registered, Thank you for creating the system&quot;'' &lt;br&gt; - French Organizer &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

''“I think that the platform will facilitate the process of promoting events and searching for participants”''&lt;br&gt; - Arabic Organizer &lt;/center&gt;&lt;br&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
Thank you!


'''The Campaigns Product Team'''
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 06:30, 21 Satumba 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia Summit 2022 Saturday-31.jpg|thumb|280x280px|The Movement Charter Drafting Committee at the Wikimedia Summit in September.]]

* '''Movement Charter Drafting Committee's participation at [[m:Wikimedia Summit 2022|the Wikimedia Summit]]''': The MCDC members presented initial drafts of the three chapters of the Movement Charter: Preamble, Values and Principles, and Roles and Responsibilities. The three chapters were prioritized to lay the groundwork for the rest of the Charter. MCDC members attended breakout rooms to discuss the progress with all attendees - both online and offline. The drafts received valuable feedback from the affiliates in many sessions. The Committee also launched a survey to gather feedback and suggestions on the Movement Charter development. [[m:Wikimedia Summit 2022/Documentation|Report for the Wikimedia Summit can be found here]]. 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#September 2022|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in September''']]: The Committee released its regular monthly update from September 2022. It includes highlights about the Committee's progress in creating the Movement Charter content, results of the Wikimedia Summit, and an important announcement about membership.

'''Coming up''':
* '''Community consultations'''. In November the MCDC will be organizing events to hear your thoughts on the first three drafts. There will be onboarding sessions for community members to learn about Movement Charter and ask their questions to the Committee members. Community members will be able to share their thoughts and feedback via open and anonymous surveys, along with Meta pages, MS Forum and email. Details to be communicated by the MSG team.
* '''Conference engagement'''. MCDC members will be attending the following conferences in October/November:
** [[m:WikiArabia 2022|WikiArabia]] (28 - 30 October): Anass, Ravan, Reda will facilitate a discussion about the Movement Charter. Additional sessions include a conversation about the roles &amp; responsibilities, and a conversation about hubs. .
** [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2022|WikiIndaba]] (4 - 6 November): Anasss will present a Movement Charter update.
** [[m:WikiConvention francophone/2022|WikiCon francophone]] (17 - 20 November): Anass, Georges and Reda will [[m:WikiConvention francophone/2022/Programme/Atelier sur le contenu de la Charte du mouvement|present a Movement Charter session]]. 
** [https://www.wikimedia.nl/actueel/agenda/wikiconnl-2022/ WikiConNL] (19 November): Ciell will present an Movement Charter update.
* '''Movement Charter Ambassadors Package'''. Individuals and/or groups from various communities will be able to get resources and support to help increase the engagement of community members in the Movement Charter. The details to be shared by the MSG team.
&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

--15:24, 25 Oktoba 2022 (UTC).
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
[[file:Ask Me Anything on Movement Charter, Introduction by Érica Azzellini, English, Nov 12, 2022.webm|thumb|320px|Ask Me Anything session introduction (12 November), presented by a Movement Charter Drafting Committee member.]]

* MCDC members attended the “[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#Ask Me Anything on Movement Charter sessions|'''Ask Me Anything about Movement Charter''']]” sessions to provide more information about the Movement Charter, its goal, why it matters and how it impacts the communities. Recordings of the presentations in different languages can be found [[m:c:Category:Movement_Charter_videos|here]].
* [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|'''The Movement Charter Ambassadors Program''']]: Movement Charter Ambassadors (MCA) are individuals or groups interested in helping to ensure that their communities are fully engaged in community consultations. MCA are interested in supporting their communities to understand the content of the Movement Charter as well as ensuring that their communities can easily provide feedback. Anyone can become a MCA! [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/grant|Dedicated funds are available]] to support the MCA and their activities. Are you interested in becoming a Movement Charter Ambassador for your community? Sign up [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|here]]!
* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcements/Closing membership|'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee will close membership''']]: The  Committee decided not to add new members or replace those who step down after 1 January 2023, unless for exceptional reasons.
* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#October 2022|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in October''']]:  The Committee released its regular monthly update from October 2022. It includes highlights about the Committee's progress in drafting the Movement Charter content, its upcoming community consultation and participation at Wikimedia events.

'''Coming up''':

* '''[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#Community_consultation|Regional feedback conversations]]:''' The MCDC’s community consultations to collect feedback on the first three sections of the Movement Charter will take place between November 20 and December 18, 2022. You are invited to join one of the regional conversations planned for the eight regions (and various languages) of the Movement. Please note that interested people can share their feedback in different ways, including on the [[m:Talk:Movement Charter|Meta talk page]], on the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/c/ensure-equity-in-decision-making/movement-charter/21 Movement Strategy forum], filling out a [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/743832 survey] (anonymously) and sending an email to: [mailto:movementcharter@wikimedia.org movementcharter{{@}}wikimedia.org].
* '''Sign up [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|here]]''' to become a Movement Charter Ambassadors from your community and help ensure that your community is aware of the conversations around the Movement Charter!  
&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

--13:37, 20 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC).
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== Campaigns Product Team Office Hour - December 2022 ==

Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers!

The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|Wikimedia Foundation Campaigns Team]] invites you to join our upcoming office hours. In each session, we will introduce V1 of [[m:Event Center/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], so you can begin '''using it for real events on Meta-wiki'''. &lt;br&gt;

In V1, the following new features will be includedː
* Support for the organizer to specify an event timezone
* Automatic confirmation emails after participants have registered
* Private registration: the option for participants to register and only display their registered username to organizers of the event and we will teach you how you can use it yourself.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;u&gt;'''Office Hour Sessions''':&lt;/u&gt;
* '''1st Session''': '''December 5, 2022''' @ '''18:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom]
* '''2nd Session''': '''December 10, 2022''' @ '''12:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom]
:[[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''''Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!''''']] 
&lt;br&gt;
These office hours will be multilingual, with live interpretations in Arabic, English, French, and Swahili.  Email us @ ''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org'' or [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''sign-up here''']]  if you want to receive a reminder for this meeting.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
Thank you.

'''The Campaigns Product Team'''
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia Movement Charter - Values and Principles presentation - November 2022.webm|thumb|256px|right|Presentation about the Values &amp; Principles chapter by MCDC member [[m:User:Geugeor|Georges Fodouop]].]]
[[File:Wikimedia Movement Charter - Roles and Responsibilities presentation - November 2022.webm|thumb|256px|right|Presentation about the Roles and Responsibilities chapter (statement of intent) by MCDC member [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]].]]

* [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#November%202022|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in November''']]''':''' As usual, the Committee released its regular monthly updates from November 2022. This month’s updates include highlights about the external facilitator hiring, next in-person meeting of the Committee and updates about the new drafting groups, among others. 
* [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation|'''First community consultation period:''']] From mid November to mid December 2022 the Committee members took part in 8 regional feedback sessions. Committee members joined the sessions to provide clarifications and answer to questions that came from different language communities on the Movement Charter. 
** Recordings of the presentations shared during the regional meetings are available [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Regional Conversations#Regional%20conversation|here]] for those interested. 
** A list '''[[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Frequently Asked Questions|Frequently Asked Questions]]''' that came up in the calls is available on Meta. 
** If you have not shared your feedback on the drafts of the Movement Charter yet, please do so by filling out this [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/743832 '''anonymous survey'''], which is open until '''January 2, 2023''' and is available in '''more than 12 languages'''. 
* [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|'''The Movement Charter Ambassador Program''']] received over 15 proposals. The ambassadors are currently putting their initiatives into action in various local communities. The Movement Charter Ambassadors Program will once again be opened for applications in the second quarter of 2023, in preparation for the next  round of Movement Charter consultations. Both individuals and organizations will be able to apply. Those interested in becoming Movement Charter Ambassadors are encouraged to [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|sign-up]]. 

'''Coming up''':
* '''Community Conversations summary:''' [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Team|The Movement Strategy and Governance]] team of the Wikimedia Foundation will prepare and publish the final summary report of the community feedback in January 2023. The report will be shared with the MCDC and the communities on different channels of communication. 
* '''Feedback on the Movement Charter:''' There will be additional ways to engage with the Movement Charter content, including the early feedback on the proposed ratification process and a new set of draft chapters in the second quarter of 2023. 
&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

--14:27, 22 Disamba 2022 (UTC).
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== Translations for Wikimania 2023 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}},

You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]]. We already have a few pages related to Wikimania 2023 available for translation on Wikimania wiki. Your help with translating these pages in your languages would be highly appreciated. Currently the following pages are available for translation:
*[[wikimania:2023:Contact]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Expo space]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Glossary]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Ideas]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Ideas/Globe]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Organizers]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Program]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Travel]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Updates]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Volunteer]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Volunteer signup]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Wikimania]]
*[[wikimania:Template:Wikimania 2023 header]]
If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]].

Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]])

&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered through [[&lt;tvar name=&quot;mass-delivery&quot;&gt;Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery&lt;/tvar&gt;|Global message delivery]]&lt;/small&gt; --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:14, 28 Disamba 2022 (UTC)
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== Translations for Wikimania 2023 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}},

You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]] or because you have [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|subscribed on Meta]]. We already have a few pages related to Wikimania 2023 available for translation on Wikimania wiki. Your help with translating the following pages in your languages would be highly appreciated:
*[[wikimania:2023:Health]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Scholarship Questions]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/FAQ]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/Samples]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/Travel Scholarship application]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Tech Subcommittee]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Tech Subcommittee/Request for Proposal]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Visas]]
If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]].

Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]])

&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered through [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]&lt;/small&gt; --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:50, 22 ga Janairu, 2023 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|120px|right]]
* '''First Community Consultation:''' A concise summary of the community consultation on the initial three drafts of the Charter is now available for your review [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Summary|on Meta]] and [[wmfblog:2023/02/07/movement-charter-community-consultation-summary/|on the Diff platform]]. In addition, you can read about MC Ambassadors are sharing about their experiences: 
** [[wmfblog:2023/02/10/highlights-of-the-movement-charter-drafting-committees-first-community-consultation/|Highlights of the community consultation process, as well as about the Movement Charter Ambassador Program]]. 
** [[wmfblog:2023/02/10/igbo-wikimedians-communitys-participation-in-the-movement-charter-consultation/|The Igbo Wikimedia community’s participation in the MC consultation]].
** [[wmfblog:2023/02/01/ambassadors-of-the-movement-charter-draft-committee-in-the-arabic-speaking-community-share-their-experience/|The experience of Arabic-speaking community members]]. 
* '''What’s next after the community feedback period?''' The Committee is currently reviewing the detailed feedback which consists of 59 pages of comments, in March the Committee will share their response to the comments. The detailed version of the feedback, which the Committee is reviewing, is also available [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|on this Meta page]]. 
* '''MCDC’s Virtual Working Session:''' The Committee gathered virtually from 3rd to 5th February to work on the drafts of the following new set of [[m:Movement Charter/Content|chapters of the Movement Charter]]: Global Council, Hubs, Decision Making, and Roles &amp; Responsibilities. The Committee members worked in their smaller drafting groups first. The full Committee then convened, with representatives of each drafting group presenting the progress made so far, as well as about what type of support is needed for their future sessions. 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#January 2023|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in January''']]''':''' The update includes details of the meetings held by the Committee in the month of January 2023, stakeholder conversations, completed work as well as about the new drafting groups, creating glossary and independent legal review. 

'''Coming up:'''
* '''Community feedback on the ratification methodology''' proposal of the future Movement Charter. The feedback was postponed until March 2023. The communities will be able to review the ratification methodology and share their early input on the open questions.  
* '''The MCDC will soon announce a “Call for Advisors”.''' The call will be an invitation for interested individuals with relevant expertise and knowledge to participate in drafting the Charter. Advisors will be considered non-voting members.
* '''Responses to the community consultation feedback''' by the MCDC. The Committee has been carefully reviewing feedback collected in the consultation from November &amp; December 2022, and will publicly share responses to the feedback by March.   
&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

--14:20, 22 ga Faburairu, 2023 (UTC).
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== Translations for Wikimania 2023 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}},

You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]] or because you have [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|subscribed on Meta]]. Your help with translating the following pages on Wikimania wiki in your languages would be highly appreciated:
*[[wikimania:2023:Attendees]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Program Subcommittee]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Program/FAQ]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Program/Form Questions]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Program/Submissions]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Satellite events]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Scholarship Subcommittee]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Socialize]]
*[[wikimania:2023:Travel Coordination]]
If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]].

Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]])

&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered through [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]&lt;/small&gt; --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 09:40, 4 ga Maris, 2023 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|120px|right]]
* '''Call for Advisors'''! Individuals interested to support the Drafting Groups or the Subcommittees of the MCDC in the role of an advisor can [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd2Fp9NxOox_nxjf9kgV8Q7InIPm4jO9rLmteNkUV34vSHatA/viewform fill out the advisory application form] by May, 2023. The MCDC will be contacting interested individuals on a rolling basis. Do you want to know more about it? Please [[wmfblog:2023/02/21/movement-charter-drafting-committee-call-for-advisors/|read here for more information]]. The information is also available in [[wmfblog:ar/2023/03/02/لجنة-صياغة-ميثاق-الحركة-دعوة-مستشارين/|Arabic]], [[wmfblog:es/2023/03/01/comite-de-redaccion-de-la-carta-del-movimiento-convocatoria-de-asesores/|Spanish]], [[wmfblog:fr/2023/02/27/comite-de-redaction-de-la-charte-du-mouvement-appel-aux-conseillers/|French]], [[wmfblog:pt/2023/02/24/comite-de-redacao-da-carta-do-movimento-wikimedia-chamada-para-pessoas-assessoras/|Brazilian Portuguese]], [[wmfblog:ru/2023/03/02/комитет-по-разработке-устава-движени/|Russian]] and [[wmfblog:zh-hant/2023/03/02/運動憲章起草委員會：徵求顧問/|Chinese]] languages respectively. 
* '''Movement Charter Ambassadors from the Latin America and the Caribbean region''' share their experiences of organizing community conversations on the Movement Charter. Please read the Diff blog [[wmfblog:pt/2023/03/12/programa-de-pessoas-embaixadoras-da-carta-do-movimento-wikimedia-na-america-latina-e-no-caribe/|in Brazilian Portuguese]] and in [[wmfblog:es/2023/03/16/programa-de-embajadores-de-la-carta-del-movimiento-wikimedia-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe/|Spanish languages]]. 
* '''Casual updates''': The MCDC publishes regular casual updates after bi-weekly full Committee meetings, as well as after other drafting group and subcommittee meetings. If you are interested, please read casual updates [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates/Casual|here on Meta]] and on [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-drafting-committees-casual-updates/2079 Movement Strategy Forum]. 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#February 2023|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in February''']]''':''' As usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work &amp; discussions. The MCDC’s monthly updates are also [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charters-discussion-and-monthly-updates/363/20 shared on the multilingual Movement Strategy forum]. 

'''Coming up'''

* '''[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|MCDC Responses to the community feedback]]''': The MCDC published responses [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Summary|to the community feedback]] on the first set of drafts (collected during a consultation in November - December 2022). The response includes a [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|Summary]], as well as some [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|specific responses to the full community feedback]] (highlighted in orange).
* '''Revised Movement Charter drafts:''' The MCDC will share in the coming month the revised versions of the first two chapters: [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Preamble|Preamble]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Values &amp; Principles|Values &amp; Principles]] (including a newly-added glossary), and the revised [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Roles &amp; Responsibilities|Roles &amp; Responsibilities intentions statement]].
* '''Ratification methodology consultation''': The MCDC is working on a new proposal (not available yet) for a [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification|ratification methodology]]. The proposal will be discussed through a community consultation process, including live meetings to provide feedback. 

''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]''

&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

--11:34, 21 ga Maris, 2023 (UTC).
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:MCDC_pre_work_at_New_York_BoT_retreat.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Committee's meeting in New York, in early March.]]
* '''Starting conversations on how to ratify the Movement Charter:''' The Committee invites the Wikimedia movement to express opinions on the [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification|'''proposed Movement Charter ratification methodology''']] from April 10 to April 28. Everyone is invited to share feedback [[m:Talk:Movement Charter#Ratification methodology|on the Meta talk page]] or the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-ratification-methodology-community-review-from-10-28-april-2023/2930 Movement Strategy forum]. Two community conversation hours are planned to take place: on '''April 18 at 10.00 UTC''' and '''April 24 at 17.00 UTC'''. Please [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification/Ratification methodology review launch|read the details here]]. 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|'''MCDC’s responses to the community feedback are now on Meta''']]''':''' The Committee has shared a summary of their responses and next steps based on the feedback from the first round of community consultation which took place late 2022.
* '''What to read on Diff?''' 
** [[wmfblog:2023/03/17/4-movement-charter-ambassadors-from-the-french-speaking-community-share-their-experience/|'''Learn more about the Movement Charter Ambassadors work''']]''':''' Movement Charter Ambassadors from the French-speaking community share their experience. 
** MCDC member [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]] has written a blog post titled “[[wmfblog:2023/03/30/an-excerpt-from-my-life-movement-strategy-and-mcdc/|An excerpt from my life, movement, strategy and MCDC]]”. 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#Meetings|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in March''']]''':''' the monthly Committee’s updates include information about the coordination efforts with Wikimedia Germany, update on membership, submission to Wikimania 2023, participation at the Wikimedia Foundations Board of Trustees’ strategic retreat in New York in March 2023. 

'''Coming up:''' 

* '''Revised chapters:''' The Committee is preparing to publish the revised draft chapters of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Preamble|The Preamble]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Values &amp; Principles|Values &amp; Principles]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Roles &amp; Responsibilities|Roles &amp; Responsibilities]] intentions statement, based on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|the community feedback]] received in November and December 2022. 
* '''Inviting advisors and experts:''' The Committee is preparing to welcome a number of advisors from outside the Committee. All interested Wikimedians were invited to apply earlier (you can still [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd2Fp9NxOox_nxjf9kgV8Q7InIPm4jO9rLmteNkUV34vSHatA/viewform apply here]!). Additionally, the Committee is planning and scheduling meetings with individuals with specific sets of expertise in various topics, including stewards, movement committees, Wikimedia Foundation and affiliate staff, and others.

''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]''
&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

--19:18, 15 ga Afirilu, 2023 (UTC).
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== Asking for collaboration on a multimedia project ==

Dear Aliyu,

I'm Galder Gonzalez (Theklan), project manager at the Basque Wikimedians User Group. Amir Aharoni gave me your contact, as I'm looking for a contact in Hausa language for a cool multimedia project. Let me explain it and see if I can get your help (or you know who can help us). 

A year ago we launched a project in Basque language to create high quality pedagogical videos based on Commons content. All the videos are available here: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ikusgela. Now we are [https://misinfocon.com/ikusgela-offering-free-to-use-multi-language-educational-videos-for-the-wikimedia-community-8816bb110006 in a project under WikiCred] to subtitle some of these videos to other languages. We have been analyzing some languages and we think that Hausa would be a very good choice for subtitling one of the videos about phillosophy: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Philosophy_videos_by_Ikusgela

We are now uploading English translations to made it easier, and we would like someone to upload a Hausa one. Would someone in your community be interested in subtitling (at least) one of these videos into your language? This would be a great example of interlanguage collaboration, and a good resource also for Hausa Wikipedia.

Best, [[User:Theklan|Theklan]] ([[User talk:Theklan|talk]]) 15:00, 4 Mayu 2023 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
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'''Updates:''' 
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation#April_2023_ratification_methodology_community_review|Charter Ratification Methodology proposal conversations]]''': The Movement Charter Drafting Committee recently held the first conversations regarding the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification|ratification methodology for the Movement Charter]]. The MCDC has received valuable feedback from different communities and the Committees during the community input period. The report of the community input will be shared in May, while the updated version of the ratification methodology will be presented between September and November 2023.  
* '''Communication evaluation''': The Communications sub-committee of the MCDC together with the support staff conducted an evaluation of the communications. The Communications sub-committee appreciates the time and input of the community members who shared their opinions during the interviews. Several recommendations are going to be implemented in the upcoming period based on the valuable input.  
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Updates#April_2023|Learn about the MCDC’s work in April]]''': The MCDC continues to draft additional chapters: The Global Council, Hubs, Decision-making and Roles &amp; Responsibilities. Alongside the drafting work, the MCDC is planning their in-person meeting scheduled for 2-4 June in Utrecht, Netherlands with the aim of advancing the charter's content. 

'''What’s coming up?'''
* Participants of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiNusantara_2023|WikiNusantara 2023 in Banjarmasin, Indonesia]] are invited to join a [[m:WikiNusantara_2023/Acara/Selayang_Pandang_Arah_Strategis_Gerakan_Wikimedia:_Kolaborasi_WMF_dan_Komunitas|session on the topics around Wikimedia Movement Strategy and community collaboration]] on May 20. [[m:User:RamzyM_(WMF)|Ramzy Muliawan]] will provide updates, share about the Movement Charter Ambassadors Program and answer the questions. 

''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]''
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== Gyara akan mukalar Umar Ibn Sa'ad ==

@[[User:Aliyu shaba|Aliyu shaba]], Barka da aiki, naga kai ka kirkiri mukalar [[Umar Ibn Sa'ad]], amma baka saka mata manazarta ko daya ba, Yakamata mu rika sakawa duba da yanayin yadda hujja take da mahimmanci ga dukkan bayanan damuka saka. Nagode[[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) 23:11, 27 ga Yuni, 2023 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

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[[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|180px|right]]
''This newsletter combines content from both June and July, due to a delay in sharing out the previous newsletter.''

'''Updates:''' 
* '''New Movement Charter content published:''' The Committee published new draft chapters on the [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Global Council|'''Global''' '''Council''']], [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Hubs|'''Hubs''']] and the [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Glossary|'''Glossary''']]. You are invited to share your feedback or ask any questions you may have to the Committee before September 1, 2023 on the following talk pages:
** [[m:Talk:Movement Charter/Content/Global Council|Share your feedback on The Global Council draft]] 
** [[m:Talk:Movement Charter/Content/Hubs|Share your feedback on Hubs draft]] 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft|'''Revised draft chapters published on Meta:''']] The Committee has shared the revised draft chapters: [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Preamble|Preamble]], [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Values &amp; Principles|Values &amp; Principles]], and [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Roles &amp; Responsibilities|Roles &amp; Responsibilities]] intentions statement. These revisions are based on the [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#November-December 2022 consultation|community feedback]] received in November-December 2022. 
* [[m:wmfblog:2023/06/02/how-will-the-wikimedia-movement-ratify-its-charter/|'''Ratification Methodology community feedback:''']] The summary of community feedback on the proposed methodology for the ratification of the Charter is on Diff. 

* Listen to the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jy_IQ_G1wEI '''WikiAfrica Hour #46: Africa and Movement Charter'''], where MCDC members [[m:User:Anass Sedrati|Anass Sedrati]] and [[m:User:Geugeor-WMF|Georges Foudoup]]  talk about Movement Charter, its aims and objectives, and the relevance to the African community. 
* MCDC member’s are busy participating in various community events to discuss Movement Charter. [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]], a member of the Global Council and Roles and Responsibilities Drafting Groups [[m:EduWiki Conference 2023/Program/MCDC|joined the EduWikiConference 2023]].  The MCDC support staff [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|Ramzy Muliawan]] shared updates about the charter at [[m:WikiNusantara 2023|WikiNustantara 2023]] in Banjarmasin, Indonesia ([https://twitter.com/wikimediaid/status/1659772318913294336 @wikimediaid on Twitter]). The Wikimedia communities in Indonesia were engaged by [[m:Grants:Project/MSIG/Arcuscloud/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program|Movement Charter Ambassador]] [[m:User:Arcuscloud|Arcuscloud]] in the [[m:Grants:Project/MSIG/Arcuscloud/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program|last round of community conversations]]. 

* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#May 2023|'''Learn about MCDC’s work in May &amp; June:''']] as usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work &amp; discussions. 

'''What’s coming up?''' 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#MCDC Live Launch Party|'''Join the live launch party''']]: The Drafting Committee is hosting a launch party on July 30th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1690725614 14.00 UTC] to celebrate the new drafts, introduce them to the community and give space for sharing thoughts and feedback. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZYsdOiurT0vHta6stHaiHHEyrwK3RUPveBR#/registration '''Register here to receive a Zoom link to the launch party.'''] 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Ambassadors Program/Grant|'''Movement Charter Community Conversation grants''']] are open for individuals or groups who want to organize conversations about the Charter content. Talk to us if you need any support on [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/c/ensure-equity-in-decision-making/movement-charter-ambassadors/38 the MS Forum]! Apply for a grant before Jul 30, 2023. 
* [[m:wmania:2023:Wikimania|'''Wikimania 2023''']]''':''' Wikimania 2023: Members of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee are excited to be attending Wikimania Singapore in August, to speak to and hear from you in person (and hybrid) about the four drafts and the Charter in general.
* '''Community events:''' MCDC members will be present in the [[m:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2023|CEE Meeting]] in September in Georgia to discuss the Charter content with the CEE and CA communities. In addition, the MCDC prioritizes participation in the conferences planned for 2023 to continue conversations on the content of the Charter with the communities: [[m:WikiConvention francophone/2023|WikiConvention Francophone]], [[m:WikiWomenCamp 2023|WikiWomen Camp]],  [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2023|WikiIndaba Morocco]], [[m:wikiconference:2023/Main_Page|WikiConference North America]], [[m:GLAM Wiki 2023|GLAM Wiki Conference]], among others.

''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]''
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--12:25, 30 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC).
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== Invitation to Rejoin the [https://mdwiki.org/wiki/WikiProjectMed:Translation_task_force Healthcare Translation Task Force] ==

[[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|right|frameless|125px]]
You have been a [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/prior/index.php medical translators within Wikipedia]. We have recently relaunched our efforts and invite you to [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php join the new process]. Let me know if you have questions. Best [[User:Doc James|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000f1&quot;&gt;'''Doc James'''&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 12:34, 13 August 2023 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter: August 2023&lt;/span&gt; ==

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'''Updates'''
* '''Community consultation''': The community consultation on the [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Global_Council|Global Council]], [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Hubs|Hubs]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Glossary|Glossary]] drafts is ongoing. We value your input, if you have not already, please take a moment to review the draft chapters and share your thoughts with the MCDC. We’ve posed open questions we would like your opinion on. Feel free to engage in a way that is most comfortable for you and your community. Learn more on our Diff blogs about the [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/07/13/a-global-council-for-our-movement/ Global Council] and [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/07/27/building-wikimedia-movement-hubs-together/ Hubs]. 
* '''Launch Party''': On July 30 we hosted a Launch Party to share the Global Council and Hubs draft chapters. It was an inspiring event where we had the opportunity to listen to your feedback and address some of your questions. If you missed it, you can catch the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SItWeX78tv8&amp;list=LL&amp;index=4 recording on YouTube].
* '''Community Conversations''': We want to hear from as many people as possible. On July 16, the SWAN meeting opened its doors and offered an opportunity to interact with the MCDC members regarding the new drafts of the charter. [[m:Strategic_Wikimedia_Affiliates_Network/2023_07#Notes|Notes are available here]]. On July 28, a regional conversation with the Francophone community was held. Here comes a [[m:Talk:Movement_Charter/Content/Global_Council#Summary_of_the_feedback_from_the_francophone_conversation|short summary here in English and French]]. Additionally, on August 2 we had a fruitful conversation with the [[m:Talk:Movement_Charter/Content/Hubs#Summary_from_2_August_call|LATAM region]]. 
* '''[[m:Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Updates#July_2023|MCDC’s Work in July]]''': As usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work &amp; discussions. 

'''Upcoming'''
* '''Join the MCDC at Wikimania''': Whether you’ll be at Wikimania 2023 in person or joining virtually, there are a few events that we would like to invite you to. Please drop by for a casual conversation. We would love to connect to workshop any ideas together. Drop in, get a sweet treat, and share your thoughts with us! [https://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/2023:Registration Register] and see below for an overview of our time together: 
** Tuesday, August 15
*** {{zonestamp|2023-08-15 02:00|02:00 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/UVKSKQ/ '''Movement Strategy &amp; Governance Connection track - Welcome and opening'''] (Room 325)
*** {{zonestamp|2023-08-15 05:45|05:45 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/FJCXUP/ '''Movement Charter Drafting Committee: Open office hour'''] (Room 326)
** Wednesday, August 16
*** {{zonestamp|2023-08-16 03:15|03:15 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/EYGDHC/ '''Role Play the Future Roles and Responsibilities in the Movement'''] (Room 326)
** Thursday, 17 August
*** {{zonestamp|2023-08-17 03:15|03:15 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/AWXHMA/ '''Movement Charter Content Discussions'''] (Room 310)
* A '''[[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation#Regional_conversation:_Middle_East_and_North_Africa|regional call tailored for the MENA region]]''' will be conducted in Arabic on September 2 at 17.00 UTC. Kindly indicate your interest to attend this meeting.  
''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta-wiki]]''
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MCDC Support Team, 23:53, 14 ga Augusta, 2023 (UTC)
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== Talla ==

Aslm @[[User:AYM8818|AYM8818]], da fatan kana lafiya. Wannan shafi mai take a sama wanda ka kirkira ya dade ba'a gyara sa ba ko kuma a yi wani karin bayani a kai; bugu da kari akwai wani mukalar mai take iri daya wanda ya kushi bayanai da suka na wannan da ka kirkira. Saboda haka zamu goge wannan mu hade ta da wancan. 

Bissalam [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 10:47, 13 Satumba 2023 (UTC)

== Organizer Tools Office Hours &amp; Event Discovery Project ==

('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/fr|Lire ce message en français]])'''; ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/es|Ver este mensaje en español]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/sw|Angalia ujumbe huu kwa Kiswahili]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/ar|إقرأ هذه الرسالة بالعربي]]''') &lt;small&gt; {{int:please-translate}} &lt;/small&gt;.

[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team|The Campaigns team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation has some updates to share with you, which are:

We invite you to attend our upcoming community office hours to learn about organizer tools, including the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration|Event registration tool]] (which has [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#September 18, 2023: October office hours &amp; upcoming features|new and upcoming features]]). '''The office hours are on the following dates, and you can join one or both of them:'''

*'''Saturday, October 7 at 12:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session A|Register here]]''')   
**Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Swahili
*'''Tuesday, October 10 at 18:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session B|Register here]]'''). 
**Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Swahili

'''We have launched a new project: [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|Event Discovery]]'''.  This project aims to make it easier for editors to learn about campaign events. '''We need your help to understand how you would like to discover events on the wikis, so that we can create a useful solution. Please share your feedback on our [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|project talk page]]'''.

; Thank you, and we hope to see you at the upcoming office hours! 
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]])   19:54, 24 Satumba 2023 (UTC)

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== Passed criteria for speedy deletion ==

Hello,

Congratulations, the article you created [[Adebola Williams]] has passed SPD.  [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 12:57, 18 ga Janairu, 2025 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:20, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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      <sha1>9egh1fzirqh9ekteels3hfkb443c8aq</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Hamza DK</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>16527</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838488</id>
      <parentid>212353</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:20:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
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      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
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      <text bytes="4564" sha1="2fy1f2jvyma0i3du4ozn4pt7sh2zuvk" xml:space="preserve">== Sannu da ƙoƙari ==
Assalamu Alaikum sunana [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]], daya daga cikin editoci a [[WP:Hausa Wikipedia]], Idan kina/kana buƙatan karin bayani ku min magana [[User_talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|  a nan]], domin samun PDF, Video tutorials akan yanda ake gyara [[Hausa Wikipedia]], ko kuma ku min magana a adireshi na na i-mail kamar haka [https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EmailUser/Abubakar A Gwanki|gwankia6@yahoo.com], Nagode.

'''Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da zasu taimaka maka/miki a [[Hausa Wikipedia]]'''

&lt;/noinclude&gt;
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Hamza DK! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Hamza DK|gudummuwarka]]. Kuma ina fatan zaka tsaya ka ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimake ka ka fahimci Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]].

[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 06:17, 19 Disamba 2020 (UTC)

== Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? ==

Hi! {{ping|User:Hamza DK}}

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]].

The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement.

Please vote [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|here]]

Regards, [[User:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Zuz (WMF)|talk]]) 10:27, 15 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC)

== Mukala:Baiko ==

Hi [[user:Hamza DK|Hamza]], da fatan kana lafiya. Muna godiya da gudummawa da ka bada na samar da sabuwar mukala akan [[Baiko]] a kasar Hausa. Sai dai wannan mukala tayi gajerta kuma akwai muhimman sassa da babu acikinta. Da fatan zaka kara fadada ta kuma a sanya mata hujjoji wato references [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 06:26, 11 Oktoba 2022 (UTC)

Malam hamza dk ina farin cikin taya ka murna akan bayananka ga mai girma abdulkarim abdulsalam [a a zaura]. Amma abin tambaya anan shine shin ko kasan waye   [  A A zaura kuwa?

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:20, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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      <sha1>2fy1f2jvyma0i3du4ozn4pt7sh2zuvk</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Gabas ta Tsakiya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:42:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838496</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4733" sha1="1k5sak4qlh7yurnqxjt85dmirqna2no" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

Eastney wani yanki ne a kusurwar kudu maso gabashin [[Portsmouth]], [[Ingila]], a Tsibirin Portsea . Ana kiran Yankin zaɓe Eastney da Craneswater . A ƙidayar shekara ta 2011 yawan mutanen wannan unguwar ya kai 13,591. 

== Tarihi ==
[[Fayil:Main_Gate,_Eastney_Barracks-Portsmouth_-_geograph.org.uk_-_751148.jpg|thumb|Babban ƙofar, barikin Eastney]]

=== Bariki da garu ===
An gina barikin Eastney a matsayina hedkwatar Royal Marine Artillery, wanda ya koma a lokacin 1867.  A lokaci guda da barikin, an gina wasu ƙananan bindigogi a bakin tekun. Eastney Fort East har yanzu yana nan (ya kasance a cikin amfani da soja har zuwa 1989);  Eastney Fort West an canza shi zuwa lambun da aka ganuwa.

An haɓaka ƙaramin ƙauyen Eastney da gonakin da ke kewaye da shi kuma an haɗa su cikin Portsmouth a cikin shekarun 1890-1905, tare da cibiyar sadarwa ta tituna da aka gina don gidan Royal Marines da iyalansu waɗanda suka bazu zuwa yamma daga wurin barikin. An fi sanya wa tituna suna bayan shahararrun ayyukan soja da na ruwa wanda Royal Marines suka shiga.

Saboda tsananin tashin bama-bamai da aka sha a Portsmouth Blitz a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]], mutane da yawa da suka rasa matsugunansu sun sami mafaka a gabar arewa maso gabashin tafkin Eastney, suna zaune a cikin kwale-kwale na wucin gadi, motocin jirgin kasa da aka canza, da bukkokin masunta. Yawancin wadannan gidaje ba su da kayan more rayuwa na wutar lantarki da na ruwan famfo. Al'ummar ta tsira daga tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1960s lokacin da majalisar birni ta fara ƙaura iyalai zuwa sabbin gidajen da aka gina a Leigh Park da Paulsgrove . &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== Da'awar shahara ===
Eastney ita ce wurin farko na wasan hockey na karkashin ruwa da ake kira Octopush, wanda Alan Blake na sabuwar kungiyar Southsea Sub-Aqua Club ya kirkira.

Fraser Range, wani (sa'an nan) Royal Navy gunnery range kafa a Eastney, an yi amfani da shi a watan Oktoba 1971 a matsayin wurin yin fim don The Sea Devils, jerin Doctor Who watsa tsakanin 26 Fabrairu da 1 Afrilu 1972. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fraser Gunnery Range - The Locations Guide to Doctor Who, Torchwood and The Sarah Jane Adventures |url=http://www.doctorwholocations.net/locations/frasergunneryrange}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙarshen 2017, rukunin Fraser Range ya sayi shi ne ta Ƙungiyar Gidauniyar Yankin, waɗanda ke da shirye-shiryen adana al'adun sojan ruwa da kuma haɓaka shafin don amfani da zama a nan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History - Fraser Range |url=https://fraserrange.co.uk/history/ |access-date=2025-08-05 |archive-date=2023-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720165009/https://fraserrange.co.uk/history/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== A yau ==
[[Fayil:Eastney_Beach,_Portsmouth,_UK.jpg|thumb|Gabashin Gabas]]
Yankin yana da gidan Eastney Beam Engine House, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eastney Beam Engine House |url=http://www.portsmouthmuseums.co.uk/museum-service/Eastney-Beam-Engine-House |access-date=28 May 2016 |publisher=Portsmouth City Museums}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma tafkin yin iyo na majalisa, sansani da wurin motsa jiki, da kuma gidajen da ma'aikatan Sojojin Burtaniya da iyalansu suka mamaye.

Eastney kuma gida ce ga rairayin bakin teku ba bisa ka'ida ba, wanda zai iya kasancewa cikin barazana daga ci gaban dukiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eastney Naturists: Campaigning to save the Beach |url=http://www.eastneybeach.org.uk/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100630083424/http://www.eastneybeach.org.uk/ |archive-date=30 June 2010 |access-date=15 March 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sashen Kimiyya na Marine na Jami'ar Portsmouth yana tare da Ferry Road.

Southsea Marina, Fort Cumberland, da kuma ajiyar yanayi suma suna cikin gundumar.

Eastney Lake, wanda kuma mazauna yankin suka sani da 'Eastney Creek' ko 'The Creek', wani ruwa ne na halitta na Langstone Harbour kuma yana kan gefen arewacin yankin Eastney, tare da Milton a gefen arewa. Wani karamin tafki mai suna 'The Glory Hole' yana kan iyakar kudancin Tafkin Eastney, kuma an cika shi da ruwan gishiri na Langstone Harbour a kan manyan raƙuman ruwa.

== Sufuri ==
Hayling Ferry yana gudana daga Eastney, yana haɗa shi zuwa Ferry Point a Tsibirin Hayling . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=HOME {{!}} Hayling Ferry |url=https://www.haylingferry.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Coci ==
An gina cocin St Margaret na Scotland CofE a kan hanyar tsaunuka tsakanin 1902 da 1903. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bailey468&quot; /&gt; An faɗaɗa shi tsakanin 1908 da 1910. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bailey468&quot; /&gt; An rufe shi a cikin 2017. An gina wani coci tsohon coci mai suna St Patrick a cikin 1906.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>1k5sak4qlh7yurnqxjt85dmirqna2no</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838497</id>
      <parentid>838496</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:44:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838497</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4734" sha1="egzj9m9d8u9d84wzgnewdilzorla1x5" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

Eastney wani yanki ne a kusurwar kudu maso gabashin [[Portsmouth]], [[Ingila]], a Tsibirin Portsea . Ana kiran Yankin zaɓe Eastney da Craneswater . A ƙidayar shekara ta 2011 yawan mutanen wannan unguwar ya kai 13,591. 

== Tarihi ==
[[Fayil:Main_Gate,_Eastney_Barracks-Portsmouth_-_geograph.org.uk_-_751148.jpg|thumb|Babban ƙofar, barikin Eastney]]

=== Bariki da garu ===
An gina barikin Eastney a matsayina hedkwatar Royal Marine Artillery, wanda ya koma a lokacina 1867.  A lokaci guda da barikin, an gina wasu ƙananan bindigogi a bakin tekun. Eastney Fort East har yanzu yana nan (ya kasance a cikin amfani da soja har zuwa 1989);  Eastney Fort West an canza shi zuwa lambun da aka ganuwa.

An haɓaka ƙaramin ƙauyen Eastney da gonakin da ke kewaye da shi kuma an haɗa su cikin Portsmouth a cikin shekarun 1890-1905, tare da cibiyar sadarwa ta tituna da aka gina don gidan Royal Marines da iyalansu waɗanda suka bazu zuwa yamma daga wurin barikin. An fi sanya wa tituna suna bayan shahararrun ayyukan soja da na ruwa wanda Royal Marines suka shiga.

Saboda tsananin tashin bama-bamai da aka sha a Portsmouth Blitz a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]], mutane da yawa da suka rasa matsugunansu sun sami mafaka a gabar arewa maso gabashin tafkin Eastney, suna zaune a cikin kwale-kwale na wucin gadi, motocin jirgin kasa da aka canza, da bukkokin masunta. Yawancin wadannan gidaje ba su da kayan more rayuwa na wutar lantarki da na ruwan famfo. Al'ummar ta tsira daga tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1960s lokacin da majalisar birni ta fara ƙaura iyalai zuwa sabbin gidajen da aka gina a Leigh Park da Paulsgrove . &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== Da'awar shahara ===
Eastney ita ce wurin farko na wasan hockey na karkashin ruwa da ake kira Octopush, wanda Alan Blake na sabuwar kungiyar Southsea Sub-Aqua Club ya kirkira.

Fraser Range, wani (sa'an nan) Royal Navy gunnery range kafa a Eastney, an yi amfani da shi a watan Oktoba 1971 a matsayin wurin yin fim don The Sea Devils, jerin Doctor Who watsa tsakanin 26 Fabrairu da 1 Afrilu 1972. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fraser Gunnery Range - The Locations Guide to Doctor Who, Torchwood and The Sarah Jane Adventures |url=http://www.doctorwholocations.net/locations/frasergunneryrange}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙarshen 2017, rukunin Fraser Range ya sayi shi ne ta Ƙungiyar Gidauniyar Yankin, waɗanda ke da shirye-shiryen adana al'adun sojan ruwa da kuma haɓaka shafin don amfani da zama a nan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History - Fraser Range |url=https://fraserrange.co.uk/history/ |access-date=2025-08-05 |archive-date=2023-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720165009/https://fraserrange.co.uk/history/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== A yau ==
[[Fayil:Eastney_Beach,_Portsmouth,_UK.jpg|thumb|Gabashin Gabas]]
Yankin yana da gidan Eastney Beam Engine House, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eastney Beam Engine House |url=http://www.portsmouthmuseums.co.uk/museum-service/Eastney-Beam-Engine-House |access-date=28 May 2016 |publisher=Portsmouth City Museums}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma tafkin yin iyo na majalisa, sansani da wurin motsa jiki, da kuma gidajen da ma'aikatan Sojojin Burtaniya da iyalansu suka mamaye.

Eastney kuma gida ce ga rairayin bakin teku ba bisa ka'ida ba, wanda zai iya kasancewa cikin barazana daga ci gaban dukiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eastney Naturists: Campaigning to save the Beach |url=http://www.eastneybeach.org.uk/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100630083424/http://www.eastneybeach.org.uk/ |archive-date=30 June 2010 |access-date=15 March 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sashen Kimiyya na Marine na Jami'ar Portsmouth yana tare da Ferry Road.

Southsea Marina, Fort Cumberland, da kuma ajiyar yanayi suma suna cikin gundumar.

Eastney Lake, wanda kuma mazauna yankin suka sani da 'Eastney Creek' ko 'The Creek', wani ruwa ne na halitta na Langstone Harbour kuma yana kan gefen arewacin yankin Eastney, tare da Milton a gefen arewa. Wani karamin tafki mai suna 'The Glory Hole' yana kan iyakar kudancin Tafkin Eastney, kuma an cika shi da ruwan gishiri na Langstone Harbour a kan manyan raƙuman ruwa.

== Sufuri ==
Hayling Ferry yana gudana daga Eastney, yana haɗa shi zuwa Ferry Point a Tsibirin Hayling . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=HOME {{!}} Hayling Ferry |url=https://www.haylingferry.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Coci ==
An gina cocin St Margaret na Scotland CofE a kan hanyar tsaunuka tsakanin 1902 da 1903. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bailey468&quot; /&gt; An faɗaɗa shi tsakanin 1908 da 1910. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bailey468&quot; /&gt; An rufe shi a cikin 2017. An gina wani coci tsohon coci mai suna St Patrick a cikin 1906.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>egzj9m9d8u9d84wzgnewdilzorla1x5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838501</id>
      <parentid>838497</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:49:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838501</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4740" sha1="5us234hr4uyl12adnbvo7s2fuagndzn" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

Eastney wani yanki ne a kusurwar kudu maso gabashin [[Portsmouth]], [[Ingila]], a Tsibirin Portsea . Ana kiran Yankin zaɓe Eastney da Craneswater . A ƙidayar shekara ta 2011 yawan mutanen wannan unguwar ya kai 13,591. 

== Tarihi ==
[[Fayil:Main_Gate,_Eastney_Barracks-Portsmouth_-_geograph.org.uk_-_751148.jpg|thumb|Babban ƙofar, barikin Eastney]]

=== Bariki da garu ===
An gina barikin Eastney a matsayina hedkwatar Royal Marine Artillery, wanda ya koma a lokacina 1867.  A lokaci guda da barikin, an gina wasu ƙananan bindigogi a bakin tekun. Eastney Fort East har yanzu yana nan (ya kasance a cikin amfani da soja har zuwa 1989);  Eastney Fort West an canza shi zuwa lambun da aka ganuwa.

An haɓaka ƙaramin ƙauyen Eastney da gonakin da ke kewaye da shi kuma an haɗa su cikin Portsmouth a cikin shekarun 1890-1905, tare da cibiyar sadarwa ta tituna da aka gina don gidan Royal Marines da iyalansu waɗanda suka bazu zuwa yamma daga wurin barikin. An fi sanya wa tituna suna bayan shahararrun ayyukan soja da na ruwa wanda Royal Marines suka shiga.

Saboda tsananin tashin bama-bamai da aka sha a Portsmouth Blitz a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]], mutane da yawa da suka rasa matsugunansu sun sami mafaka a gabar arewa maso gabashin tafkin Eastney, suna zaune a cikin kwale-kwale na wucin gadi, motocin jirgin kasa da aka canza, da bukkokin masunta. Yawancin wadannan gidaje ba su da kayan more rayuwa kamar na wutar lantarki da na ruwan famfo. Al'ummar ta tsira daga tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1960s lokacin da majalisar birni ta fara ƙaura iyalai zuwa sabbin gidajen da aka gina a Leigh Park da Paulsgrove . &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== Da'awar shahara ===
Eastney ita ce wurin farko na wasan hockey na karkashin ruwa da ake kira Octopush, wanda Alan Blake na sabuwar kungiyar Southsea Sub-Aqua Club ya kirkira.

Fraser Range, wani (sa'an nan) Royal Navy gunnery range kafa a Eastney, an yi amfani da shi a watan Oktoba 1971 a matsayin wurin yin fim don The Sea Devils, jerin Doctor Who watsa tsakanin 26 Fabrairu da 1 Afrilu 1972. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fraser Gunnery Range - The Locations Guide to Doctor Who, Torchwood and The Sarah Jane Adventures |url=http://www.doctorwholocations.net/locations/frasergunneryrange}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙarshen 2017, rukunin Fraser Range ya sayi shi ne ta Ƙungiyar Gidauniyar Yankin, waɗanda ke da shirye-shiryen adana al'adun sojan ruwa da kuma haɓaka shafin don amfani da zama a nan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History - Fraser Range |url=https://fraserrange.co.uk/history/ |access-date=2025-08-05 |archive-date=2023-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720165009/https://fraserrange.co.uk/history/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== A yau ==
[[Fayil:Eastney_Beach,_Portsmouth,_UK.jpg|thumb|Gabashin Gabas]]
Yankin yana da gidan Eastney Beam Engine House, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eastney Beam Engine House |url=http://www.portsmouthmuseums.co.uk/museum-service/Eastney-Beam-Engine-House |access-date=28 May 2016 |publisher=Portsmouth City Museums}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma tafkin yin iyo na majalisa, sansani da wurin motsa jiki, da kuma gidajen da ma'aikatan Sojojin Burtaniya da iyalansu suka mamaye.

Eastney kuma gida ce ga rairayin bakin teku ba bisa ka'ida ba, wanda zai iya kasancewa cikin barazana daga ci gaban dukiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eastney Naturists: Campaigning to save the Beach |url=http://www.eastneybeach.org.uk/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100630083424/http://www.eastneybeach.org.uk/ |archive-date=30 June 2010 |access-date=15 March 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sashen Kimiyya na Marine na Jami'ar Portsmouth yana tare da Ferry Road.

Southsea Marina, Fort Cumberland, da kuma ajiyar yanayi suma suna cikin gundumar.

Eastney Lake, wanda kuma mazauna yankin suka sani da 'Eastney Creek' ko 'The Creek', wani ruwa ne na halitta na Langstone Harbour kuma yana kan gefen arewacin yankin Eastney, tare da Milton a gefen arewa. Wani karamin tafki mai suna 'The Glory Hole' yana kan iyakar kudancin Tafkin Eastney, kuma an cika shi da ruwan gishiri na Langstone Harbour a kan manyan raƙuman ruwa.

== Sufuri ==
Hayling Ferry yana gudana daga Eastney, yana haɗa shi zuwa Ferry Point a Tsibirin Hayling . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=HOME {{!}} Hayling Ferry |url=https://www.haylingferry.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Coci ==
An gina cocin St Margaret na Scotland CofE a kan hanyar tsaunuka tsakanin 1902 da 1903. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bailey468&quot; /&gt; An faɗaɗa shi tsakanin 1908 da 1910. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bailey468&quot; /&gt; An rufe shi a cikin 2017. An gina wani coci tsohon coci mai suna St Patrick a cikin 1906.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>5us234hr4uyl12adnbvo7s2fuagndzn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838503</id>
      <parentid>838501</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:51:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838503</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4742" sha1="7nutqcsx5oaiyogx0d8q188b1khvqfn" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

Eastney wani yanki ne a kusurwar kudu maso gabashin [[Portsmouth]], [[Ingila]], a Tsibirin Portsea . Ana kiran Yankin zaɓe Eastney da Craneswater . A ƙidayar shekara ta 2011 yawan mutanen wannan unguwar ya kai 13,591. 

== Tarihi ==
[[Fayil:Main_Gate,_Eastney_Barracks-Portsmouth_-_geograph.org.uk_-_751148.jpg|thumb|Babban ƙofar, barikin Eastney]]

=== Bariki da garu ===
An gina barikin Eastney a matsayina hedkwatar Royal Marine Artillery, wanda ya koma a lokacina 1867.  A lokaci guda da barikin, an gina wasu ƙananan bindigogi a bakin tekun. Eastney Fort East har yanzu yana nan (ya kasance a cikin amfani da soja har zuwa 1989);  Eastney Fort West an canza shi zuwa lambun da aka ganuwa.

An haɓaka ƙaramin ƙauyen Eastney da gonakin da ke kewaye da shi kuma an haɗa su cikin Portsmouth a cikin shekarun 1890-1905, tare da cibiyar sadarwa ta tituna da aka gina don gidan Royal Marines da iyalansu waɗanda suka bazu zuwa yammaci daga wurin barikin. An fi sanya wa tituna suna bayan shahararrun ayyukan soja da na ruwa wanda Royal Marines suka shiga.

Saboda tsananin tashin bama-bamai da aka sha a Portsmouth Blitz a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]], mutane da yawa da suka rasa matsugunansu sun sami mafaka a gabar arewa maso gabashin tafkin Eastney, suna zaune a cikin kwale-kwale na wucin gadi, motocin jirgin kasa da aka canza, da bukkokin masunta. Yawancin wadannan gidaje ba su da kayan more rayuwa kamar na wutar lantarki da na ruwan famfo. Al'ummar ta tsira daga tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1960s lokacin da majalisar birni ta fara ƙaura iyalai zuwa sabbin gidajen da aka gina a Leigh Park da Paulsgrove . &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== Da'awar shahara ===
Eastney ita ce wurin farko na wasan hockey na karkashin ruwa da ake kira Octopush, wanda Alan Blake na sabuwar kungiyar Southsea Sub-Aqua Club ya kirkira.

Fraser Range, wani (sa'an nan) Royal Navy gunnery range kafa a Eastney, an yi amfani da shi a watan Oktoba 1971 a matsayin wurin yin fim don The Sea Devils, jerin Doctor Who watsa tsakanin 26 Fabrairu da 1 Afrilu 1972. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fraser Gunnery Range - The Locations Guide to Doctor Who, Torchwood and The Sarah Jane Adventures |url=http://www.doctorwholocations.net/locations/frasergunneryrange}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙarshen 2017, rukunin Fraser Range ya sayi shi ne ta Ƙungiyar Gidauniyar Yankin, waɗanda ke da shirye-shiryen adana al'adun sojan ruwa da kuma haɓaka shafin don amfani da zama a nan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History - Fraser Range |url=https://fraserrange.co.uk/history/ |access-date=2025-08-05 |archive-date=2023-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720165009/https://fraserrange.co.uk/history/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== A yau ==
[[Fayil:Eastney_Beach,_Portsmouth,_UK.jpg|thumb|Gabashin Gabas]]
Yankin yana da gidan Eastney Beam Engine House, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eastney Beam Engine House |url=http://www.portsmouthmuseums.co.uk/museum-service/Eastney-Beam-Engine-House |access-date=28 May 2016 |publisher=Portsmouth City Museums}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma tafkin yin iyo na majalisa, sansani da wurin motsa jiki, da kuma gidajen da ma'aikatan Sojojin Burtaniya da iyalansu suka mamaye.

Eastney kuma gida ce ga rairayin bakin teku ba bisa ka'ida ba, wanda zai iya kasancewa cikin barazana daga ci gaban dukiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eastney Naturists: Campaigning to save the Beach |url=http://www.eastneybeach.org.uk/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100630083424/http://www.eastneybeach.org.uk/ |archive-date=30 June 2010 |access-date=15 March 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sashen Kimiyya na Marine na Jami'ar Portsmouth yana tare da Ferry Road.

Southsea Marina, Fort Cumberland, da kuma ajiyar yanayi suma suna cikin gundumar.

Eastney Lake, wanda kuma mazauna yankin suka sani da 'Eastney Creek' ko 'The Creek', wani ruwa ne na halitta na Langstone Harbour kuma yana kan gefen arewacin yankin Eastney, tare da Milton a gefen arewa. Wani karamin tafki mai suna 'The Glory Hole' yana kan iyakar kudancin Tafkin Eastney, kuma an cika shi da ruwan gishiri na Langstone Harbour a kan manyan raƙuman ruwa.

== Sufuri ==
Hayling Ferry yana gudana daga Eastney, yana haɗa shi zuwa Ferry Point a Tsibirin Hayling . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=HOME {{!}} Hayling Ferry |url=https://www.haylingferry.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Coci ==
An gina cocin St Margaret na Scotland CofE a kan hanyar tsaunuka tsakanin 1902 da 1903. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bailey468&quot; /&gt; An faɗaɗa shi tsakanin 1908 da 1910. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bailey468&quot; /&gt; An rufe shi a cikin 2017. An gina wani coci tsohon coci mai suna St Patrick a cikin 1906.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>7nutqcsx5oaiyogx0d8q188b1khvqfn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838509</id>
      <parentid>838503</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:11:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
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Eastney wani yanki ne a kusurwar kudu maso gabashin [[Portsmouth]], [[Ingila]], a Tsibirin Portsea . Ana kiran Yankin zaɓe Eastney da Craneswater . A ƙidayar shekara ta 2011 yawan mutanen wannan unguwar ya kai 13,591. 

== Tarihi ==
[[Fayil:Main_Gate,_Eastney_Barracks-Portsmouth_-_geograph.org.uk_-_751148.jpg|thumb|Babban ƙofar, barikin Eastney]]

=== Bariki da garu ===
An gina barikin Eastney a matsayina hedkwatar Royal Marine Artillery, wanda ya koma a lokacina 1867.  A lokaci guda da barikin, an gina wasu ƙananan bindigogi a bakin tekun. Eastney Fort East har yanzu yana nan (ya kasance a cikin amfani da soja har zuwa 1989);  Eastney Fort West an canza shi zuwa lambun da aka ganuwa.

An haɓaka ƙaramin ƙauyen Eastney da gonakin da ke kewaye da shi kuma an haɗa su cikin Portsmouth a cikin shekarun 1890-1905, tare da cibiyar sadarwa ta tituna da aka gina don gidan Royal Marines da iyalan su waɗanda suka bazu zuwa yammaci daga wurin barikin. An fi sanya wa tituna suna bayan shahararrun ayyukan soja da na ruwa wanda Royal Marines suka shiga.

Saboda tsananin tashin bama-bamai da aka sha a Portsmouth Blitz a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]], mutane da yawa da suka rasa matsugunansu sun sami mafaka a gabar arewa maso gabashin tafkin Eastney, suna zaune a cikin kwale-kwale na wucin gadi, motocin jirgin kasa da aka canza, da bukkokin masunta. Yawancin wadannan gidaje ba su da kayan more rayuwa kamar na wutar lantarki da na ruwan famfo. Al'ummar ta tsira daga tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1960s lokacin da majalisar birni ta fara ƙaura iyalai zuwa sabbin gidajen da aka gina a Leigh Park da Paulsgrove . &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== Da'awar shahara ===
Eastney ita ce wurin farko na wasan hockey na karkashin ruwa da ake kira Octopush, wanda Alan Blake na sabuwar kungiyar Southsea Sub-Aqua Club ya kirkira.

Fraser Range, wani (sa'an nan) Royal Navy gunnery range kafa a Eastney, an yi amfani da shi a watan Oktoba 1971 a matsayin wurin yin fim don The Sea Devils, jerin Doctor Who watsa tsakanin 26 Fabrairu da 1 Afrilu 1972. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fraser Gunnery Range - The Locations Guide to Doctor Who, Torchwood and The Sarah Jane Adventures |url=http://www.doctorwholocations.net/locations/frasergunneryrange}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙarshen 2017, rukunin Fraser Range ya sayi shi ne ta Ƙungiyar Gidauniyar Yankin, waɗanda ke da shirye-shiryen adana al'adun sojan ruwa da kuma haɓaka shafin don amfani da zama a nan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History - Fraser Range |url=https://fraserrange.co.uk/history/ |access-date=2025-08-05 |archive-date=2023-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720165009/https://fraserrange.co.uk/history/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== A yau ==
[[Fayil:Eastney_Beach,_Portsmouth,_UK.jpg|thumb|Gabashin Gabas]]
Yankin yana da gidan Eastney Beam Engine House, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eastney Beam Engine House |url=http://www.portsmouthmuseums.co.uk/museum-service/Eastney-Beam-Engine-House |access-date=28 May 2016 |publisher=Portsmouth City Museums}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma tafkin yin iyo na majalisa, sansani da wurin motsa jiki, da kuma gidajen da ma'aikatan Sojojin Burtaniya da iyalansu suka mamaye.

Eastney kuma gida ce ga rairayin bakin teku ba bisa ka'ida ba, wanda zai iya kasancewa cikin barazana daga ci gaban dukiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eastney Naturists: Campaigning to save the Beach |url=http://www.eastneybeach.org.uk/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100630083424/http://www.eastneybeach.org.uk/ |archive-date=30 June 2010 |access-date=15 March 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sashen Kimiyya na Marine na Jami'ar Portsmouth yana tare da Ferry Road.

Southsea Marina, Fort Cumberland, da kuma ajiyar yanayi suma suna cikin gundumar.

Eastney Lake, wanda kuma mazauna yankin suka sani da 'Eastney Creek' ko 'The Creek', wani ruwa ne na halitta na Langstone Harbour kuma yana kan gefen arewacin yankin Eastney, tare da Milton a gefen arewa. Wani karamin tafki mai suna 'The Glory Hole' yana kan iyakar kudancin Tafkin Eastney, kuma an cika shi da ruwan gishiri na Langstone Harbour a kan manyan raƙuman ruwa.

== Sufuri ==
Hayling Ferry yana gudana daga Eastney, yana haɗa shi zuwa Ferry Point a Tsibirin Hayling . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=HOME {{!}} Hayling Ferry |url=https://www.haylingferry.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Coci ==
An gina cocin St Margaret na Scotland CofE a kan hanyar tsaunuka tsakanin 1902 da 1903. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bailey468&quot; /&gt; An faɗaɗa shi tsakanin 1908 da 1910. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bailey468&quot; /&gt; An rufe shi a cikin 2017. An gina wani coci tsohon coci mai suna St Patrick a cikin 1906.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal</title>
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'''''Musnad Ahmad bin Hambali''''' ( {{Lang-ar|مسند أحمد بن حنبل}}   ) [[Hadisi|hadisi ne]] na hadisi wanda [[Musulunci|malamin addinin]] musulincin nan [[Ahmad Ibn Hanbal|Ahmad bn Hanbal]] (d. 241 AH / 855 AD) ya [[Hanbaliya|tattara wanda aka jingina masa]] fiqhu (doka) a Hanbali. 

== Bayani ==
Yana ɗaya daga cikin manya manyan litattafan hadisi da aka rubuta a Tarihin Musulunci mai ɗauke da hadisai sama da dubu ashirin da bakwai (27000) a cewar Maktaba Shamila. &lt;ref&gt;http://shamela.ws/index.php/book/98139&lt;/ref&gt; An tsara ta ne a cikin hadisan da kowane Sahabi ya ruwaito (Sahabi), farawa da 'asharah mubashsharah (&quot;goma da aka yiwa aljanna da Aljanna&quot;).Kuma Wannan ya nuna matsayin su da kuma kokarin da suka yi na kiyaye sunnar Manzon Allah (S). 

Wasu suna cewa [[Ahmad Ibn Hanbal|Ahmad bn Hanbal ya]] yi tsokaci dangane da littafin nasa wanda ke cewa: &quot;Na shigar da hadisi ne kawai a cikin wannan littafin idan wasu malamai sun yi amfani da shi a matsayin hujja.&quot; Abu al-Faraj Ibn al-Jawzi ya yi da'awar cewa ''Musnad'' yana dauke da hadisai wadanda aka kirkira ta hanyar musayar bayanai (watau mai ba da labarin yana ta faman bayanai, gauraya matani da sarkoki masu iko), wadanda wasu suka ce Hadisai tara ne, ko kuma wasu hadisai goma sha biyar. wasu. Koyaya, an yarda cewa hadisin da ake zargi da kirkirar sa ba sabbin hadisai bane wadanda suke kirkirar tunanin wani marubuci. &lt;ref&gt;Fatawa of [[Ibn Taimiya]], vol 1, page 248.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Littattafai ==
Kungiyoyi da yawa a duniya sun wallafa littafin, wadanda suka hada da:

* Musnad Imam Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Hanbal: An buga: Noor Foundation USA 
* Fassarar Turanci Na Musnad Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal (Vols 5) : An buga: Darussalam 

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin littattafan ahlussunna
* Sahih Muslim
* Jami al-Tirmidhi
* Sunan Abu Dawood
* Sunan ibn Majah
* Muwatta Malik
* Majma al-Zawa'id

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Hanyoyin haɗin waje ==

* [http://www.ibnamin.com/Manhaj/ahmad.htm Hanyar Imamu Ahmad] (Larabci)
[[Category:Musulmai]]
[[Category:Malaman Musulunci]]</text>
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      <id>838713</id>
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'''''Musnad Ahmad bin Hambali''''' ( {{Lang-ar|مسند أحمد بن حنبل}}   ) [[Hadisi|hadisi ne]] na hadisi wanda [[Musulunci|malamin addinin]] musulincin nan [[Ahmad Ibn Hanbal|Ahmad bn Hanbal]] (d. 241 AH / 855 AD) ya [[Hanbaliya|tattara wanda aka jingina masa]] fiqhu (doka) a Hanbali. 

== Bayani ==
Yana ɗaya daga cikin manya manyan litattafan hadisi da aka rubuta a Tarihin Musulunci mai ɗauke da hadisai sama da dubu ashirin da bakwai (27000) a cewar Maktaba Shamila. &lt;ref&gt;http://shamela.ws/index.php/book/98139&lt;/ref&gt; An tsara ta ne a cikin hadisan da kowane Sahabi ya ruwaito (Sahabi), farawa da 'asharah mubashsharah (&quot;goma da aka yiwa aljanna da Aljanna&quot;).Kuma Wannan ya nuna matsayin su da kuma ƙoƙarin da suka yi na kiyaye sunnar Manzon Allah (S). 

Wasu suna cewa [[Ahmad Ibn Hanbal|Ahmad bn Hanbal ya]] yi tsokaci dangane da littafin nasa wanda ke cewa: &quot;Na shigar da hadisi ne kawai a cikin wannan littafin idan wasu malamai sun yi amfani da shi a matsayin hujja.&quot; Abu al-Faraj Ibn al-Jawzi ya yi da'awar cewa ''Musnad'' yana dauke da hadisai wadanda aka ƙirƙira ta hanyar musayar bayanai (watau mai ba da labarin yana ta faman bayanai, gauraya matani da sarkoki masu iko), wadanda wasu suka ce Hadisai tara ne, ko kuma wasu hadisai goma sha biyar. wasu. Koyaya, an yarda cewa hadisin da ake zargi da kirkirar sa ba sabbin hadisai bane wadanda suke kirkirar tunanin wani marubuci. &lt;ref&gt;Fatawa of [[Ibn Taimiya]], vol 1, page 248.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Littattafai ==
Kungiyoyi da yawa a duniya sun wallafa littafin, wadanda suka hada da:

* Musnad Imam Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Hanbal: An buga: Noor Foundation USA 
* Fassarar Turanci Na Musnad Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal (Vols 5) : An buga: Darussalam 

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin littattafan ahlussunna
* Sahih Muslim
* Jami al-Tirmidhi
* Sunan Abu Dawood
* Sunan ibn Majah
* Muwatta Malik
* Majma al-Zawa'id

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Hanyoyin haɗin waje ==

* [http://www.ibnamin.com/Manhaj/ahmad.htm Hanyar Imamu Ahmad] (Larabci)
[[Category:Musulmai]]
[[Category:Malaman Musulunci]]</text>
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'''''Musnad Ahmad bin Hambali''''' ( {{Lang-ar|مسند أحمد بن حنبل}}   ) [[Hadisi|hadisi ne]] na hadisi wanda [[Musulunci|malamin addinin]] musulincin nan [[Ahmad Ibn Hanbal|Ahmad bn Hanbal]] (d. 241 AH / 855 AD) ya [[Hanbaliya|tattara wanda aka jingina masa]] fiqhu (doka) a Hanbali. 

== Bayani ==
Yana ɗaya daga cikin manya manyan litattafan hadisi da aka rubuta a Tarihin Musulunci mai ɗauke da hadisai sama da dubu ashirin da bakwai (27000) a cewar Maktaba Shamila. &lt;ref&gt;http://shamela.ws/index.php/book/98139&lt;/ref&gt; An tsara ta ne a cikin hadisan da kowane Sahabi ya ruwaito (Sahabi), farawa da 'asharah mubashsharah (&quot;goma da aka yiwa aljanna da Aljanna&quot;).Kuma Wannan ya nuna matsayin su da kuma ƙoƙarin da suka yi na kiyaye sunnar Manzon Allah (S). 

Wasu suna cewa [[Ahmad Ibn Hanbal|Ahmad bn Hanbal ya]] yi tsokaci dangane da littafin nasa wanda ke cewa: &quot;Na shigar da hadisi ne kawai a cikin wannan littafin idan wasu malamai sun yi amfani da shi a matsayin hujja.&quot; Abu al-Faraj Ibn al-Jawzi ya yi da'awar cewa ''Musnad'' yana dauke da hadisai wadanda aka ƙirƙira ta hanyar musayar bayanai (watau mai ba da labarin yana ta faman bayanai, gauraya matani da sarkoki masu iko), wadanda wasu suka ce Hadisai tara ne, ko kuma wasu hadisai goma sha biyar. wasu. Koyaya, an yarda cewa hadisin da ake zargi da kirkirar sa ba sabbin hadisai bane wadanda suke kirkirar tunanin wani marubuci. &lt;ref&gt;Fatawa of [[Ibn Taimiya]], vol 1, page 248.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Littattafai ==
Ƙungiyoyi  da yawa a duniya sun wallafa littafin, wadanda suka hada da:

* Musnad Imam Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Hanbal: An buga: Noor Foundation USA 
* Fassarar Turanci Na Musnad Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal (Vols 5) : An buga: Darussalam 

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin littattafan ahlussunna
* Sahih Muslim
* Jami al-Tirmidhi
* Sunan Abu Dawood
* Sunan ibn Majah
* Muwatta Malik
* Majma al-Zawa'id

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Hanyoyin haɗin waje ==

* [http://www.ibnamin.com/Manhaj/ahmad.htm Hanyar Imamu Ahmad] (Larabci)
[[Category:Musulmai]]
[[Category:Malaman Musulunci]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Takarda</title>
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[[File:P literature.svg|thumb|Takarda]]
[[File:A journal writing book.jpg|thumb|Takardar rubutu]]
[[Fayil:Paper sheet.jpg|thumb|takadda]]
[[Fayil:Paper 450x450.jpg|thumb|takadda]]
[[Fayil:FileStack retouched.jpg|thumb|takaddu]]
[[Fayil:Scattered white paper (Unsplash).jpg|thumb|takadda]]
[[Fayil:Paperball 2.jpeg|thumb|Takarda]]
'''Takarda''' Wani siririn abu ne da ake ƙirƙira daga ta hanyar sarrafa sinadarai da makamantansu wanda ake samarwa daga itace, tsumma, ganye, ko sauran nau'in kayan lambu da ake samu a cikin ruwa. Takarda abu ce fara tas da galibi ake rubutu da ita, duk da a wani lokaci akanyi wasu abubuwan da takarda bakasance sai rubutu ba to amman galibin takardu anyi su ne domin rubutu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://ha.kasahorow.org/app/d/takarda/en |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-03-12 |archive-date=2022-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810022412/https://ha.kasahorow.org/app/d/takarda/en |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ana anfani da takarda domin yin zane-zane, da kuma buga rubutu. Sannan kuma takarda yana da bango na kariya saboda kar ya yi datti ko kuma ya yage da sauransu.

Duk da cewa a da ana samar da fallen takarda ne kacal da hannu, a yau ana ƙirƙirar su ne da yawa da manyan ijina, wasu suna kai wa fadin mita 10, suna aiki a mita 2000 a kowanne minti sannan a samar da kuma har ton 600,000 a shekara. Abu ne mai taushi da ke da amfani da dama, wanda ya hada da wallafe-wallafe, zane, jaka, ado, rubutu da goge-goe. Har wayau ana amfani da shi a matsayin fallen tace abu (''filter paper'') allon bango, fallen takardu, tsumman ban daki, kudi, da dai sauran sarrafe-sarrafe na ma'aikatu da dama.

== Tarihi ==
[[Tarihi]] mafi tsawo dangane wanda aka sani da burbushin takardu irin na zamanin nan ya samo asali ne a karni na biyu kafin zuwan Yesu a [[Sin|Birnin Sin]].[[Fayil:Old man reading newspaper early in the morning at Basantapur-IMG 6800.jpg|thumb|Karatun takadda]]
[[Fayil:Various products made from paper.JPG|thumb|takaddu]]

==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im</title>
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      <comment>Rescuing 6 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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'''Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im''' ( {{Lang-ar|عبد الله أحمد النعيم}}   ; an haife shi a shekara ta 1946) wani [[Sudan|malamin addinin Islama ne haifaffen Sudan]] wanda ke zaune a Kasar Amurka kuma yana koyarwa a Jami'ar Emory . Shi ne Charles Howard Candler Farfesan Doka a Makarantar Koyon Shari'a ta Jami'ar Emory, masanin farfesa a Kwalejin  Kimiyya da Kimiyya ta Emory, kuma Babban  Jami'in Cibiyar Nazarin Dokar da Addini na Jami'ar Emory.

Shahararren malamin addinin Musulunci da duniya da 'yancin ɗan adam da a mahangar al'adu daban-daban, Farfesa An-Na'im yana koyar da kwasa-kwasan dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa, dokar kwatanci, 'yancin ɗan adam, da kuma shari'ar Musulunci. Bukatun bincikensa sun hada da tsarin mulki a kasashen musulinci da na Afirka, rashin bin addini, da musulunci da siyasa. Farfesa An-Na'im ya jagoranci ayyukan bincike masu zuwa wadanda suka maida hankali kan dabarun neman shawarwari domin kawo gyara ta hanyar sauya al'adun cikin gida:

* Mata da Landasa a Afirka
* Dokar Iyali ta Musulunci
* Shirin Zumunci a cikin Musulunci da 'Yancin Dan Adam
* Makomar Sharia: Musulunci da Islamasashen Duniya

Ayyukan bincike na Farfesa An-Na’im a yanzu haka sun hada da nazarin Musulmai da kuma wadanda ba su da addini, da kuma ‘yancin dan Adam daga mai kula da jihar zuwa mutane. Ya kuma ci gaba da ci gaba da bunkasa ka'idarsa ta ci gaba a cikin littafinsa ''Islam da the Secular State'' .

== Tarihin Rayuwa ==

; Kuruciya

An-Naim haifaffen [[Sudan|kasar Sudan ne]], in da ya kawo canjin tasirinsa sosai daga yunkurin kawo sauyi na Musulunci na Mahmud Mohamed Taha . dan asalin ƙasar Amurkan ne, amma ya riƙe ɗan ƙasar Sudan.

; Karatu

An-Naim ya sami PhD (Law) daga Jami'ar Edinburgh (Scotland) a shekara ta 1976;  LLB (Daraja) da Diploma a Fannin Ilimin Laifi a Jami'ar Cambridge (Ingila), shekara ta 1973; LLB (Daraja) a Jami'ar Khartoum (Sudan), shekara ta 1970.

; Aiki

A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2009, An-Na`im ya karɓi digirin girmamawa daga Jami'ar catholique de Louvain (UCL, Louvain-la-Neuve) da Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven, Leuven), Belgium. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Masanin Ilimin Duniya a Makarantar Shari'a, Jami'ar Warwick, Burtaniya (har zuwa watan Nuwamban shekara ta 2009); da Babban Malami a Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam, Kwalejin Shari'a, Jami'ar Pretoria (har zuwa watan Nuwamban shekara ta 2009).

== Littattafai ==

* ''Ari, Ba Gasa, Da'awar Shari'a da Addini: Hangen Addinin Musulunci'' &lt;ref&gt;''[http://aannaim.law.emory.edu/pdfiles/2013-complementary-not-competing-claims.pdf Complementary, Not Competing, Claims of Law and Religion: An Islamic Perspective] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402142254/http://aannaim.law.emory.edu/pdfiles/2013-complementary-not-competing-claims.pdf |date=2015-04-02 }}''&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Hanyar Haɗaɗɗiyar Hanyar shiga tsakani game da Takaddama game da Rightsancin Dan Adam'' &lt;ref&gt;''[http://aannaim.law.emory.edu/pdfiles/2013-constellations-inclusive-mediation-competing-claims.pdf An Inclusive Approach to the Mediation of Competing Human Rights Claims] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402135137/http://aannaim.law.emory.edu/pdfiles/2013-constellations-inclusive-mediation-competing-claims.pdf |date=2015-04-02 }}''&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Musulunci da 'Yancin Bil'adama: Bayan Wasannin Hadin Gwiwa'' &lt;ref&gt;''[http://www.abc.net.au/religion/articles/2013/06/03/3773420.htm ABC.net Islam and Human Rights: Beyond the Zero-Sum Game] {{Webarchive}}''&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Musulmai da Adalcin Duniya'' . Philadelphia, PA: Jami'ar Pennsylvania Latsa (2010).
* ''Musulunci da Secasashen Duniya: Tattaunawa game da Makomar Shari'a'' . Cambridge, MA da London, Ingila: Harvard University Press (2008). (kuma an buga shi cikin Larabci da Indonesiya. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101028065602/http://sharia.law.emory.edu/ Ana samun fassarorin] wannan rubutun a cikin Bengali, Persian, Urdu, Bengali, Turkish da Russian, don zazzage su kyauta. )
* ''Tsarin Tsarin Mulki na Afirka da Matsayin Musulunci'' . Philadelphia, PA: Jami'ar Pennsylvania Press (2006).
* ''Zuwa Gyara Tsarin Islama: 'Yancin Bil'adama,' Yancin Dan Adam da Dokar Duniya'' . Syracuse, NY: Cibiyar Nazarin Jami'ar Syracuse, 1990 (ɗaba'ar mai laushi ta Jami'ar Amurka a Cairo, 1992). Wanda aka Fassara cikin Larabci (1994), Indonesiya (1995), Rashanci (1999), da Farshi 2003.
* ''Dokar Laifuka ta Sudan: Manufofin Ka'idojin Nauyin Laifuka'' (Larabci). Omdurman, Sudan: Jaridar Huriya, 1985.
* ''Halaccin aiwatar da Tsarin Tsarin Mulki a cikin Larabawa: Ra'ayin Islama'', a ''[https://global.oup.com/academic/product/constitutionalism-human-rights-and-islam-after-the-arab-spring-9780190627645?cc=de&amp;lang=en&amp; Tsarin Tsarin Mulki, 'Yancin Dan Adam da Musulunci bayan Guguwar Larabawa]'' ( Rainer Grote, Tilmann Röder da Ali El-Haj, Oxford / New York: OUP 2016)

=== Edita ===

* ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yancin Dan Adam A Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Afirka: Gane Alkawarin Kanmu.'' Philadelphia, PA: Jami'ar Pennsylvania Press, 2003.
* ''Dokar Iyali ta Islama a cikin Duniya Mai Sauyawa: Littafin Albarkatun Duniya'' . London: Littattafan Zed, 2002.
* ''Sauyin Al'adu da 'Yancin Dan Adam a Afirka'' . London: Littattafan Zed, 2002.
* ''Sanarwa da inudarar Kai tsakanin Jama'a a Afirka'' . Maryknoll, NY: Littattafan Orbis, 1999.
* ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yancin Duniya, Maganin Gida: Kariyar doka game da' Yancin Dan Adam a karkashin Tsarin Mulkin Kasashen Afirka'' . London: Tambayoyi, 1999.
* ''Girman Al'adun 'Yancin Dan Adam a Duniyar Larabawa'' (Larabci). Alkahira: Cibiyar Ibn Khaldoun, 1993.
* ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yancin Dan-Adam a Tsarin Tsarin Al'adu: Neman Yarjejeniya'' . Philadelphia, PA: Jami'ar Pennsylvania Press, 1992.

=== Co-edita ===

* Tare da Ifi Amadiume: Siyasar Tunawa: ''Gaskiya, Warkarwa da Adalcin Zamani'' . London: Littattafan Zed, 2000.
* Tare da JD Gort, H. Jansen, &amp; HM Vroom: ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yancin Dan Adam da Darajojin Addini: Dangantakar Rashin Jin Dadi?'' Grand Rapids, MI: Kamfanin Kamfanin Buga na William B. Eerdmans, 1995.
* Tare da Francis Deng: ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yancin Dan Adam a Afirka: Ra'ayoyin Al'adu Masu Tsinkaya'' . Washington, DC: Cibiyar Brookings, 1990.

=== Mai Fassara ===

* Fassarar Larabci: Francis Deng: Kuka na Mujiya ( littafin siyasa ). Alkahira: Tsakar rana, 1991.
* Fassarar Ingilishi tare da Gabatarwa: Ustadh Mahmoud Mohamed Taha: Sako na biyu na Islama. Syracuse, NY: Cibiyar Nazarin Jami'ar Syracuse, 1987.

=== Gabatarwa ===

* Gabatarwa a cikin Pranoto Iskandar, Hukum HAM Internasional, Cianjur: Cibiyar Nazarin 'Yancin igancin Baƙi, 2010.
* Gabatarwa a Yakin a kan Kuskure: Labarun Gaskiya na Musulmin Amurka, Jami'ar Arkansas Press, 2007.
* Gabatarwa a cikin Rikicin Rikici: Matsaloli game da Rikici, Rashin Tasiri, da Sadarwa, Lexington, 2016.

=== Kafofin watsa labarai masu alaƙa ===

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091128124020/http://cgs.illinois.edu/resources/webvideo/islam-and-secular-state-negotiating-future-religious-law-islam Gabatar da Bidiyo Bidiyo] Musulunci da Stateasashen Duniya: Tattaunawa game da Makomar Dokar Addini ta Islama. Jami'ar Illinois a Urbana-Champaign (Satumba 5, s2007).
* [http://www.uctv.tv/search-details.aspx?showID=18526 Tattaunawar Gabatarwar Bidiyo] Tare da Tarihi: Musulunci da Secasashen Duniya (Mayu 3, 2010).

=== Manazarta ===
 {{Reflist}}

== Mahaɗa ==

* [http://aannaim.law.emory.edu// Tashar yanar gizon An-Naim] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150325034204/http://aannaim.law.emory.edu/ |date=2015-03-25 }}
* [https://scholarblogs.emory.edu/aannaim/cv/ CV ɗin An-Naim] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121005121/https://scholarblogs.emory.edu/aannaim/cv/ |date=2021-01-21 }}
* {{YouTube|Yg3hLdJLrOY|Prof. An-Naim's 'Conversations with History' video interview with Prof. Harry Kreisler of the Institute of International Studies at U C Berkeley}}  
* [https://scholarblogs.emory.edu/aannaim/ Farfesa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140423193333/http://www.law.emory.edu/ifl/legal/iran.htm |date=2014-04-23 }} [https://scholarblogs.emory.edu/aannaim/ Aikin Neman Shawara na An-Na'im, Makomar Shari'a: Kasuwa daga Batun Musulunci] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140423193333/http://www.law.emory.edu/ifl/legal/iran.htm |date=2014-04-23 }}
* [http://them.polylog.org/3/faa-en.htm Hadin Kai da Dogaro da 'Yancin Dan Adam, Addini da Siyasa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428112940/https://them.polylog.org/3/faa-en.htm |date=2021-04-28 }} da Abdullahi A. An-Na'im
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090925201537/http://cslr.law.emory.edu/people/person/name/ahmed-an-naim/ Cibiyar Nazarin Doka da Addini a Jami'ar Emory]
* [http://imr.or.id/ Cibiyar Kula da Hakkin Baƙi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924050424/https://www.imr.or.id/ |date=2019-09-24 }}
[[Category:Haifaffun 1946]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Mutane]]
[[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
      <sha1>dio5fb3dnzunwvfc14mpaf7yeo0y5t5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Abubakr1111</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>19719</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838457</id>
      <parentid>139607</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:35:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
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      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
      <origin>838457</origin>
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      <text bytes="3680" sha1="d89ynxyrxhljbqno0nsb8qt0lyh16uq" xml:space="preserve">== Barka da zuwa! ==
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Abubakr1111! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Abubakr1111|gudummuwarka]]. Kuma ina fatan zaka tsaya ka ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimake ka ka fahimci Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]], ko kuma ka tambayeni a {{Gyara|User talk:M-Mustapha|section=new|shafina na tattaunawa}}. Na gode. [[User:M-Mustapha|&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #804; color: #fa0;&quot;&gt;&lt;samp&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;''Em-em''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]] &lt;sup&gt;&lt;samp&gt;&lt;u&gt;[[User talk:M-Mustapha|'''talk''']]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 12:45, 18 ga Afirilu, 2021 (UTC)

== Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? ==

Hi! {{ping|User:Abubakr1111}}

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]].

The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement.

Please vote [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|here]]

Regards, [[User:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Zuz (WMF)|talk]]) 10:21, 15 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:35, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Umar Ahmad2345</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
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      <text bytes="1479" sha1="qwm3fyhq0gs88r9tu6idf4036s9d2g4" xml:space="preserve">{{Welcome}} [[&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Aliyu shaba&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Aliyu shaba|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 20:57, 28 ga Afirilu, 2021 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:16, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Equalitychampion</title>
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      <text bytes="2158" sha1="m80wm2vn86uvok5tjft9j2pgb1clwct" xml:space="preserve">{{Barka da zuwa}}

== Gasar Hausa Wikipedia ==

You are invited to participate in Hausa Wikipedia Annual Contest which is taking place right now, click on this link to visit the page and add your user name among the participants.https://ha.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Gasar_Hausa_Wikipedia_ta_Shekara-shekara .  [[User:Anasskoko|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#00BFFF&quot;&gt;An@ss_koko&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Anasskoko|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#7F007F&quot;&gt;(Yi Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 04:27, 8 ga Yuni, 2021 (UTC)

== E-Mail address ==
Hello! We would like to write you an e-mail, as you are [[:meta:Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates|running as a candidate for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee]]! Please reach out to us via strategy2030@wikimedia.org. Thank you! --[[User:CKibelka (WMF)|CKibelka (WMF)]] ([[User talk:CKibelka (WMF)|talk]]) 19:22, 4 Oktoba 2021 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:20, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Tattaunawar user:TheCrescent]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
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  <page>
    <title>Wikipedia:Sabbin editoci</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>21908</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838598</id>
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        <id>13973</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Sabunta shafin sabbin editoci</comment>
      <origin>838598</origin>
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      <text bytes="9225" sha1="r7ina8qaz69u8k67tk0tgr9pvltecmq" xml:space="preserve">Wannan shafin ya na ƙunshe da sabbin editocin da sukayi rajista a Hausa Wikipedia. Robot yana sabunta wannan shafin duk bayan wasu sa'o'i. Kada ku gyara wannan shafin, duk chanjin da akayi, robot zaya yi overwriting din shi a lokacin sabunta shafin.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Numba
!Edita
!Gudummuwa
!Lokacin rajista
|-
|1
|[[User:KerimMounir|KerimMounir]]
|[[Special:Contributions/KerimMounir|Gudummuwa]]
|Lahadi, 17 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|2
|[[User:일본 애니|일본 애니]]
|[[Special:Contributions/일본 애니|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|3
|[[User:Abmer53959|Abmer53959]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Abmer53959|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|4
|[[User:Lerkare|Lerkare]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Lerkare|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|5
|[[User:Abdul Salam Haldar|Abdul Salam Haldar]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Abdul Salam Haldar|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|6
|[[User:AMurmu|AMurmu]]
|[[Special:Contributions/AMurmu|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|7
|[[User:Fvvky|Fvvky]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Fvvky|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|8
|[[User:Magori Hadejia|Magori Hadejia]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Magori Hadejia|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|9
|[[User:Karima KB|Karima KB]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Karima KB|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|10
|[[User:Gogo1963!|Gogo1963!]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Gogo1963!|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|11
|[[User:Grqaser|Grqaser]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Grqaser|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|12
|[[User:Marina bauer|Marina bauer]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Marina bauer|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|13
|[[User:Hikemountain|Hikemountain]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Hikemountain|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|14
|[[User:我的貢獻很多|我的貢獻很多]]
|[[Special:Contributions/我的貢獻很多|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|15
|[[User:Dorkiesha|Dorkiesha]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Dorkiesha|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|16
|[[User:Mulder1982|Mulder1982]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Mulder1982|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|17
|[[User:A.garridoj61|A.garridoj61]]
|[[Special:Contributions/A.garridoj61|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|18
|[[User:Baku.azer|Baku.azer]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Baku.azer|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|19
|[[User:BJames (EdWH)|BJames (EdWH)]]
|[[Special:Contributions/BJames (EdWH)|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|20
|[[User:SOCOFOSGHI|SOCOFOSGHI]]
|[[Special:Contributions/SOCOFOSGHI|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|21
|[[User:DarkGreenAndSunny|DarkGreenAndSunny]]
|[[Special:Contributions/DarkGreenAndSunny|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|22
|[[User:Tomaszrock22|Tomaszrock22]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Tomaszrock22|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|23
|[[User:Vittorio Biscaro|Vittorio Biscaro]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Vittorio Biscaro|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|24
|[[User:DENNIS ENIOLA FASHOLA|DENNIS ENIOLA FASHOLA]]
|[[Special:Contributions/DENNIS ENIOLA FASHOLA|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|25
|[[User:Pawngiorno|Pawngiorno]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Pawngiorno|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 18 ga Mayu 2026
|-
|26
|[[User:10kdollz|10kdollz]]
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|[[User:TrimmerinWiki|TrimmerinWiki]]
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|[[User:Confidence24|Confidence24]]
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|[[User:Cavernadelcan03|Cavernadelcan03]]
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|[[User:Amirhusenjihed|Amirhusenjihed]]
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|[[User:The horse archivists|The horse archivists]]
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|[[User:VikiAzad|VikiAzad]]
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|[[User:Trebors|Trebors]]
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|[[User:Finnfrog99|Finnfrog99]]
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|[[User:Eanna.kiely|Eanna.kiely]]
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|[[User:Durranistan|Durranistan]]
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|[[User:ImpureBuyout1092|ImpureBuyout1092]]
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|[[User:B-root|B-root]]
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|[[User:Pee Dirix|Pee Dirix]]
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|[[User:Zichatmoses|Zichatmoses]]
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|[[User:Marcosigm|Marcosigm]]
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|[[User:Tupinikin|Tupinikin]]
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|[[User:Mundane Crossroads2277|Mundane Crossroads2277]]
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|[[User:Egeooii|Egeooii]]
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|[[User:Anonuser4|Anonuser4]]
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|[[User:Abundant Bases 9209|Abundant Bases 9209]]
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|[[User:Mute Google 9958|Mute Google 9958]]
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|[[User:HangingBonding8060|HangingBonding8060]]
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|[[User:Scottfree001|Scottfree001]]
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|[[User:Nebulous-Offense-6561|Nebulous-Offense-6561]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Nebulous-Offense-6561|Gudummuwa]]
|Talata, 19 ga Mayu 2026
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|52
|[[User:Frilly-Shaving-2242|Frilly-Shaving-2242]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Frilly-Shaving-2242|Gudummuwa]]
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|[[User:UninterestedConsul4530|UninterestedConsul4530]]
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|[[User:Harperjashley|Harperjashley]]
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|[[User:UnbuiltAlmond8|UnbuiltAlmond8]]
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|[[User:RePinout|RePinout]]
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|[[User:Linné Åkerstrom|Linné Åkerstrom]]
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|Laraba, 20 ga Mayu 2026
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|[[User:Ummu Ilham|Ummu Ilham]]
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|[[User:SaadatGeneology|SaadatGeneology]]
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|[[User:Ordinian Yeva|Ordinian Yeva]]
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|[[User:MYacoubCriner-WMF|MYacoubCriner-WMF]]
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|[[User:Twi inaccr|Twi inaccr]]
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|[[User:光パジャマ|光パジャマ]]
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|Laraba, 20 ga Mayu 2026
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|[[User:Wikidoc124|Wikidoc124]]
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|}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Alameen khalid200</title>
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        <id>3927</id>
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      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
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      <text bytes="2567" sha1="lg1220fg5cg5g203ecii8zdc19onbpl" xml:space="preserve">{{Welcome}} [[&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Aliyu shaba&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Aliyu shaba|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 14:29, 15 ga Yuli, 2021 (UTC)

== Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? ==

Hi! {{ping|User:Alameen khalid200}}

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]].

The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement.

Please vote [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|here]]

Regards, [[User:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Zuz (WMF)|talk]]) 10:32, 15 ga Maris, 2022 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:35, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&amp;oldid=30569740 --&gt;</text>
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    <title>Rufa'i Garba</title>
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      <text bytes="1568" sha1="pqt2gpspki57cw8s92h447unqr9h3s1" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
A ranar 20 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta alif 1996, gwamnatin soja ta hambarar da Alhaji Ibrahim Dasuki, Sarkin Musulmi na 18 a Sokoto. A matsayinsa na Gwamnan Sakkwato a shekarar alif 1999, Rufai Garba ya amince da sasantawa da Dasuki kuma ya samar masa da tsarin walwala.

== Aiki ==
Kyaftin Rukuni (Sojan Sama) Rufa'i Garba ya kasance mai kula da harkokin mulkin soja na Jihar Anambra a kasar Nijeriya daga ranar 21 ga watan Disamban shekara ta alif 1996 zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Agusta shekara ta alif 1998 a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Sani Abacha, sannan na Jihar Sakkwato daga ranar 6 ga watan Agusta shekara ta alif 1998 zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu shekara ta alif 1999 a lokacin rikon kwarya Gwamnatin Janar Abdulsalami Abubakar, lokacin da ya mika wa zababben Gwamna Attahiru Dalhatu Bafarwa.&lt;ref&gt;http://allafrica.com/stories/200912160166.html&lt;/ref&gt;

== Siyasa ==
A matsayinsa na Gwamnan Anambra ya amince da gina ginin helkwatar hukumar Ilimi ta Jiha, amma ba a yi komai ba har aka fara aiki a shekarar 2009.  A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1998, gobarar abin da ba a bayyana ba ta kone ofishin gwamnan a gidan Gwamnatin Jihar Anambra.  A watan Agusta shekara ta alif 1998 ya ce 'yan asalin jihar Anambara suna tsoron rundunar yaki da aikata laifuka kamar yadda suke tsoron masu laifi. Ykuma a ce rundunar tana karbar kudi a shingayen hanya tare da tsare mutane ba bisa ka’ida ba, kuma yace gwamnati za ta murkushe wannan aiki.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Gwamnonin Jihar Sokoto]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau</title>
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Abubakar Yusuf Gusau! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 13:34, 9 Satumba 2021 (UTC)

== Goge Makala ==

Barka dai [[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]], sannu da kokari. Za kaga na goge dukkan maƙalolin da ka kirkira, hakan ya faru ne sakamakon wasu da turanci kayi su wanda hakan ya saɓa ma [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Dokokin Hausa Wikipedia]]. Wasu kuma akwai su dama.
Duba  [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] domin samun ƙarin ƙwarewa.
Idan kana da wata bukata to kana iya tuntube Ni ta [[User Talk:Gwanki|Shafina na tattaunawa]]

-[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]] ([[User talk:Gwanki|talk]]) 07:01, 14 Satumba 2021 (UTC)

== Goge Shafin Taraba State ==

Barka da war haka, [[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] ina mai sanar da kai cewa mun goge shafin Taraba State saboda akwai shafin a Hausa Wikipedia [[Jahar Taraba]] saboda haka muka goge. Da fari idan kana so ka kirkiri sabon shafi ka fara duba ta 'search box' ko idan akwai shafin. [[User:Uncle Bash007|Uncle Bash007]] ([[User talk:Uncle Bash007|talk]]) 13:00, 15 Satumba 2022 (UTC)

== Saka manazarta a mukalar &quot;Yankin Sahara na Afrika&quot;  ==

Assalamu Alaika @[[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]], naga kai ne ka kirkira mukalar [[Yankin Sahara na Afrika]] amma baka saka mata manazarta ba. yakamata mu rika inganta ayyukanmu da abin dogaro saboda yanada matikar mahimmanci. Nagode [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) 11:27, 1 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC)

== Manazarta ==

Aslm, @[[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] brk da aiki. Ina so na sanar da kai akan maƙalar da kake fassarawa wannan abu ne mai kyau. Sai dai yadda kake saka '''Manazarta/Reference''' kwara guda a ko'ina madadin maƙalar gaba-daya wanda hakan kuskure ne. Bugu da kari ma manazarta da kake sakawa ba komai bane illa link kwara ɗaya, wanda zai kai mutum ainafin shafin da aka kirkiro ko fassara maƙalar, misali [https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deborah_Ajakaiye#cite_note-7| wannan makalar da ka fassara]. Ina fatan idan kana da tambaya akan yanda ake saka manazarta ka tambaya. Fatan za'a gyara domin kaucewa gogewa. Nagode. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 08:01, 27 Oktoba 2023 (UTC)

:Slm. Naji kuma zan gyara Insha Allah, saboda haka inaso ayi unblocking dina saboda akwai aikin dana nakeso na qara sa. [[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] ([[User talk:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau#top|talk]]) 16:57, 29 Disamba 2023 (UTC)

== Gajerar makala  ==

Barka da yau, @[[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]], naga kana fara fassara maƙala sai ka saki ka kama fassara wata kuma, ya kamata mu riƙa amfani da abin da ake fada mana akai. Kana fara fassara maƙala section ɗaya sai ka barta kuma ka nufi wata!. Ya kamata kafin fassara wata ka tabbatar ka idasa wadda ka rigaya fara fassara akai ko da kashi 80 ne na maƙalar ka cimmawa kafin ka nufi wata kuma. Nagode da fatan zamu kiyaye.

Muma ba yin mu bane dokoki ne na gidauniyar Wikipidia baki-ɗaya kuma tunda har mun amince zamuyi to wajibi ne mu bi dokokin da tsare-tsaren tafiyar nan. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 21:19, 19 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

== Tinuade Sanda ==

Assalam,

Wannan mukala da ka kirkira [[Tinuade Sanda]] mace ce amma kayi amfani da wakilan suna na namiji (misali, shi, tsohon etc). Da fatan za'a rika lura sosai duba da wani  bako na iya zuwa ya karanta ya ga kuskure.

Bissalam [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 15:34, 18 Oktoba 2024 (UTC)

== Books &amp; Bytes – Issue 65 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: 1.5em; margin: 0 100px;&quot;&gt;
[[File:Bookshelf.jpg|right|175px]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.2;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 2em; font-family: Copperplate, 'Copperplate Gothic Light', serif&quot;&gt;'''The Wikipedia Library''': ''Books &amp; Bytes''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Issue 65, September – October 2024
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 1.5em; border: 3px solid #ae8c55; border-radius: .5em; padding: 1em 1.5em; font-size: 1.2em;&quot;&gt;
* Hindu Tamil Thisai joins The Wikipedia Library
* Frankfurt Book Fair 2024 report
* Tech tip: Mass downloads
&lt;big&gt;'''[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter/September-October_2024|Read the full newsletter]]'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Sent by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of The Wikipedia Library team --12:50, 12 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9 (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Wikipedia_Library/Newsletter/Recipients&amp;oldid=27730094 --&gt;

== Books &amp; Bytes – Issue 66 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: 1.5em; margin: 0 100px;&quot;&gt;
[[File:Bookshelf.jpg|right|175px]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.2;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 2em; font-family: Copperplate, 'Copperplate Gothic Light', serif&quot;&gt;'''The Wikipedia Library''': ''Books &amp; Bytes''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Issue 66, November – December 2024
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 1.5em; border: 3px solid #ae8c55; border-radius: .5em; padding: 1em 1.5em; font-size: 1.2em;&quot;&gt;
* Les Jours and East View Press join the library
* Tech tip: Newspapers.com
&lt;big&gt;'''[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter/November-December_2024|Read the full newsletter]]'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Sent by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of The Wikipedia Library team --17:34, 10 ga Janairu, 2025 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;
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== Books &amp; Bytes – Issue 67 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: 1.5em; margin: 0 100px;&quot;&gt;
[[File:Bookshelf.jpg|right|175px]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.2;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 2em; font-family: Copperplate, 'Copperplate Gothic Light', serif&quot;&gt;'''The Wikipedia Library''': ''Books &amp; Bytes''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Issue 67, January – February 2025
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 1.5em; border: 3px solid #ae8c55; border-radius: .5em; padding: 1em 1.5em; font-size: 1.2em;&quot;&gt;
* East View Press and The Africa Report join the library
* Spotlight: Wikimedia+Libraries International Convention and WikiCredCon
* Tech tip: Suggest page
&lt;big&gt;'''[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter/January-February_2025|Read the full newsletter]]'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Sent by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of The Wikipedia Library team --18:49, 19 ga Maris, 2025 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;
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== Books &amp; Bytes – Issue 68 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;font-size: 1.5em; margin: 0 100px&quot;&gt; [[File:Bookshelf.jpg|right|175px]]&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 2em; font-family: Copperplate, 'Copperplate Gothic Light', serif&quot;&gt;'''The Wikipedia Library''': ''Books &amp; Bytes''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Issue 68, March–April 2025 &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;margin-top: 1.5em; border: 3px solid #ae8c55; border-radius: .5em; padding: 1em 1.5em; font-size: 1.2em&quot;&gt; 
In this issue we highlight two resource renewals, #EveryBookItsReader, a note about Phabricator, and, as always, a roundup of news and community items related to libraries and digital knowledge.
&lt;big&gt;'''[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter/March–April 2025|Read the full newsletter]]'''&lt;/big&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;small&gt;Sent by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of The Wikipedia Library team --10:19, 13 Mayu 2025 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;
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== Books &amp; Bytes – Issue 69 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;font-size: 1.5em; margin: 0 100px&quot;&gt; [[File:Bookshelf.jpg|right|175px]]&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 2em; font-family: Copperplate, 'Copperplate Gothic Light', serif&quot;&gt;'''The Wikipedia Library''': ''Books &amp; Bytes''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Issue 69, May–June 2025 &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;margin-top: 1.5em; border: 3px solid #ae8c55; border-radius: .5em; padding: 1em 1.5em; font-size: 1.2em&quot;&gt; 
In this issue we highlight a new partnership, Citation Watchlist and, as always, a roundup of news and community items related to libraries and digital knowledge.
&lt;big&gt;'''[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter/May-June 2025|Read the full newsletter]]'''&lt;/big&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;small&gt;Sent by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of The Wikipedia Library team – 13:11, 1 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;
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== Manazarta  ==

Aslm @[[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] lallai kana ƙoƙari wajan ƙirƙirar muƙala, sai dai kana yin kuskure wajan saka Manazarta. Kana ɗauko link baki ɗaya kasa madadin ainahin link din da ya dace, wanda hakan ya saɓa ƙa'idar Manazarta. [[User:Pharouqenr|&lt;span style=&quot;color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Captain Pharouq&lt;/span&gt;]] 05:32, 12 Satumba 2025 (UTC)

== Books &amp; Bytes – Issue 70 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;font-size: 1.5em; margin: 0 100px&quot;&gt; [[File:Bookshelf.jpg|right|175px]]&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 2em; font-family: Copperplate, 'Copperplate Gothic Light', serif&quot;&gt;'''The Wikipedia Library''': ''Books &amp; Bytes''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Issue 70, July–August 2025 &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;margin-top: 1.5em; border: 3px solid #ae8c55; border-radius: .5em; padding: 1em 1.5em; font-size: 1.2em&quot;&gt; 
* New collections:
** ''Times of Malta''
** Africa Intelligence
** Intelligence Online
** ''La Lettre''
** ''Glitz''
* Spotlight: Wikimania
&lt;big&gt;'''[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter/July-August 2025|Read the full newsletter]]'''&lt;/big&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;small&gt;Sent by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of The Wikipedia Library team – 13:16, 18 Satumba 2025 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;

(This message was sent to [[:User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
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== Gyara ==

@[[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]]Sannunka da kokari abubakar yusuf ,hakika kana kokari wajen inganta mukalu da kuma kirkirar sabin mukalu ,anma kana bukatar gyara sallon yanda kake saka manazarta,kamin magana domin fahimtar yanda ake saka manazarta,ko kuma kaje ka koyo yanda ake saka manazarta [[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 14:56, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

== Belated Wiki Anniversary Wishes 🎉 ==

[[File:Rose and Carnation Flower Bouquet 02.png|150px|right|Happy Wiki Anniversary]]

Dear [[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]],

Your wiki anniversary was '''30 days''' ago, marking '''4 years''' of dedicated service! I wanted to extend a heartfelt thanks for your amazing contributions. With over '''10,249''' edits, your dedication is an inspiration to the community. Wishing you all the best for the year ahead!

''Use this [https://suyashdwivedi.github.io/Wiki_Tools/Wiki_Anniversary.html '''Tool'''] to send wiki anniversary wishes to other amazing Wikimedians.''

-- [[User:Suyash.dwivedi|Suyash.dwivedi]] ([[User talk:Suyash.dwivedi|talk]]) 18:25, 8 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

== Books &amp; Bytes – Issue 71 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;font-size: 1.5em; margin: 0 100px&quot;&gt; [[File:Bookshelf.jpg|right|175px]]&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 2em; font-family: Copperplate, 'Copperplate Gothic Light', serif&quot;&gt;'''The Wikipedia Library''': ''Books &amp; Bytes''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Issue 71, September–October 2025 &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;margin-top: 1.5em; border: 3px solid #ae8c55; border-radius: .5em; padding: 1em 1.5em; font-size: 1.2em&quot;&gt; 
* Spotlight: 1Lib1Ref 2025 in Nigeria
* Frankfurt Book Fair
* Tech tip: Wikipedia Library access template
&lt;big&gt;'''[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter/September-October 2025|Read the full newsletter]]'''&lt;/big&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;small&gt;Sent by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of The Wikipedia Library team – 15:22, 18 Nuwamba, 2025 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;

(This message was sent to [[:User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
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== Manazarta  ==

Barka da auki @[[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] kana sanya Manazarta ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, lallai hakan kuskure ne. Wannan muƙalar mai taken https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Fletcher_(speaker) ka gyara ta Sannan kabi ka'idojin saka Manazarta. [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) 10:55, 19 Nuwamba, 2025 (UTC)

== Gyara akan yadda ake saka Manazarta  ==

Barka @[[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] kana ƙoƙari wajan ƙirƙirar muƙala, hakan abune mai kyau. Saidai kana kuskure wajan saka Manazarta, maimakon kwafo yadda asalin rubutun '''Manazarta''' saika kwafo link address ka saka a maimakon '''Manazarta'''. Tabbas hakan kuskure ne. Domin koyon yadda ake saka Manazarta yimun magana ko ka tuntubi wani ƙwararren edita na kusa. Bugu da ƙari a madadin Manual edit da kakeyi ka koyi amfani da Translation tool domin ingancin aiki. [[User:Pharouqenr|&lt;span style=&quot;color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Captain Pharouq&lt;/span&gt;]] 11:39, 19 Disamba 2025 (UTC)

:Barka da war haka.   Naji dadin gyaran da ka mun Amma inason qarin bayani akan yadda akasa Manazarta.  Nagode [[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] ([[User talk:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|talk]]) 11:43, 19 Disamba 2025 (UTC)
::domin samun Tutorial video yimun magana ta Whatsapp '''09165952575''' [[User:Pharouqenr|&lt;span style=&quot;color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Captain Pharouq&lt;/span&gt;]] 12:01, 19 Disamba 2025 (UTC)

== Books &amp; Bytes – Issue 72 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;font-size: 1.5em; margin: 0 100px&quot;&gt; [[File:Bookshelf.jpg|right|175px]]&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 2em; font-family: Copperplate, 'Copperplate Gothic Light', serif&quot;&gt;'''The Wikipedia Library''': ''Books &amp; Bytes''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Issue 72, November–December 2025 &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;margin-top: 1.5em; border: 3px solid #ae8c55; border-radius: .5em; padding: 1em 1.5em; font-size: 1.2em&quot;&gt; 
* Renewed partnerships
* Spotlight: Strengthening Wikimedia Collaborations with and for Open Science
&lt;big&gt;'''[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter/November-December 2025|Read the full newsletter]]'''&lt;/big&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;small&gt;Sent by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of The Wikipedia Library team – 12:44, 29 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;

(This message was sent to [[:User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
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== Books &amp; Bytes – Issue 73 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;font-size: 1.5em; margin: 0 100px&quot;&gt; [[File:Bookshelf.jpg|right|175px]]&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 2em; font-family: Copperplate, 'Copperplate Gothic Light', serif&quot;&gt;'''The Wikipedia Library''': ''Books &amp; Bytes''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Issue 73, January–February 2026 &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style = &quot;margin-top: 1.5em; border: 3px solid #ae8c55; border-radius: .5em; padding: 1em 1.5em; font-size: 1.2em&quot;&gt; 
* Four new partnerships
* User survey thanks
&lt;big&gt;'''[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Newsletter/January-February 2026|Read the full newsletter]]'''&lt;/big&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;small&gt;Sent by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of The Wikipedia Library team – 12:06, 11 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;

(This message was sent to [[:User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9 (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Wikipedia_Library/Newsletter/Recipients&amp;oldid=30224864 --&gt;

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:20, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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      <sha1>bwxwu41r7i4uflv0c38hqp8oz1qqi07</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Zahrah0</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>24870</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838487</id>
      <parentid>671925</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:20:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
      <origin>838487</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5719" sha1="cjndsgvwrzfembhfqp95i3bxu68qkuo" xml:space="preserve">== Barka da zuwa! ==
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Zahrah0! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Zahrah0|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma ina fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]], ko kuma ka tambayeni a {{Gyara|User talk:Em-mustapha|section=new|shafina na tattaunawa}}. Na gode.[[User:Em-mustapha|&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #804; color: #fa0;&quot;&gt;&lt;samp&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;''Em-mustapha''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]] &lt;sup&gt;&lt;samp&gt;&lt;u&gt;[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 16:02, 11 Satumba 2021 (UTC)

== Goge shafuka ==
Barka da aiki [[user:Zahrah0|Zahrah0]], za Ka ga na goge makalolin da ka kirkira a baya bayan nan, hakan ya faru ne sakamakon wasu kura kurai kamar haka, wasu ka yi masu take da harshen turanci ne, kuma babu ingantacciyar fassara wacce za ta karantu. Shawara itace, ka rinka mayar da hankali wajen gyara makalolin da kayi madadin ƙirƙirar sababbi a kai a kai ba tare da gyarawa ba. Nagode [[User:Gwanki|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF00FF&quot;&gt;Gwanki&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Gwanki|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#800000&quot;&gt;(Yi Min Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 06:33, 31 Disamba 2024 (UTC)

== Moved to Draft ==

Assalam @[[User:Zahrah0|Zahrah0]]

Mun gusar da wannan Shafi [[Fatima Hussain]] zuwa samfuri (draft space) saboda har yanzu babu isassun hujjoji da zasu nuna shahara. Kuna iya inganta ta daga bisani sai a maido ta main space.

Bissalam [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 10:18, 17 ga Janairu, 2025 (UTC)

== Gargaɗi ==

Barka da aiki @[[User:Zahrah0|Zahrah0]] sannu da ƙoƙari. Lallai kina ƙirƙirar muƙaloli ba tare da inganta su ba. Ma'ana baki saka musu Manazarta Sannan baki ƙarasa su domin mai karatu ya gamsu da abinda kika rubuta. Ya kamata ki koma ki gyara muƙalolin da kika kirkira baya bayannan ko kuma mu goge su daga shafin Wikipedia. Bissalam....

[[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 22:02, 22 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)

:ok in sha Allah zan gyara 
:Nagode [[User:Zahrah0|Zahrah0]] ([[User talk:Zahrah0|talk]]) 18:07, 24 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)

== Jan kunne  ==

Sannu @[[User:Zahrah0|Zahrah0]] na miki magana baki daina ba, idan kika ci gaba zan kulle account naki na wani lokaci. Haka zai baki damar koyon yadda ake yin muƙala a Wikipedia.

[[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 03:34, 23 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)

== Koyon Aiki ==

Namaki gyara baki gyara ba. Saboda haka na yi bulokin dinki na mako guda. Domin koyon aiki shiga [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Nan Wajan]]
 [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 18:56, 24 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)

:kaje kaduba Wanda nayi na gyare 
:Kumani ai translation nakeyi 
:gyara y kamata kayi yanda zanyi bawai kayi blocking dina ba [[User:Zahrah0|Zahrah0]] ([[User talk:Zahrah0|talk]]) 11:16, 25 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)
::•Wannan itace muƙalar da kikayi ta ƙarshe [[Scott Arfield]]. Gajera ce sannan baki saka mata Manazarta ko ɗaya ba. Bayan asalin muƙakalar nauyin ta yakai 37,268 byte, sannan tana da Manazarta guda 77 ke kuma ko ɗaya baki saka ba. Domin tabbatarwa,  [[:en:Scott_Arfield|SHIGA ASALIN SHAFIN]]. 
::•Bugu da ƙari daga cikin muƙalu 10 fa kikayi baya guda biyu ne kika sanya ma manazarta daga cikinsu akwai wadda kika kwafo link na mukalar kika sanya shi a matsayin manazarta, bayan hakan ya saɓa dokar Manazarta. Ziyarci muƙalar [[Jack Cork|Anan]]
::•Saboda haka bana rufeki saboda in ɓata miki rai ba face ki ƙara koyo saboda kiyaye ƙa'idojin Wikipedia. 
::•Idan kina buƙatar koyo ziyar ci Shafin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] ko kuma wani kwararren edita na kusa domin kiyaye ƙa'idojin Wikipedia.
::[[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 12:33, 25 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:20, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Jidda3711</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>24873</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838485</id>
      <parentid>111289</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:20:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
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      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
      <origin>838485</origin>
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      <text bytes="2596" sha1="k37bdsqix48kxakk1expovv7gqjo70p" xml:space="preserve">== Barka da zuwa! ==
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Jidda3711! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Jidda3711|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma ina fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]], ko kuma ka tambayeni a {{Gyara|User talk:Em-mustapha|section=new|shafina na tattaunawa}}. Na gode.[[User:Em-mustapha|&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #804; color: #fa0;&quot;&gt;&lt;samp&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;''Em-mustapha''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]] &lt;sup&gt;&lt;samp&gt;&lt;u&gt;[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 16:04, 11 Satumba 2021 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:20, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Saudarh2</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>24889</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838493</id>
      <parentid>744426</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
      <origin>838493</origin>
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Saudarh2! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Saudarh2|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 07:16, 12 Satumba 2021 (UTC)

== Talk ==

H [[Special:Contributions/197.210.226.248|197.210.226.248]] 10:07, 14 ga Faburairu, 2022 (UTC)

== A kula da yin gyare-gyare == 
Barka da aiki @[[User:Saudarh2|Saudarh2]], kin fassara wannan muƙalar https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abincin_Saudiyya batare da yin wasu 'yan gyare-gyare ba, kafin ki wallafa ta yana da kyau ki sake dubata sannan kuma ki gyarata. [[User:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|Muhammad Idriss Criteria]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|talk]]) 21:23, 16 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)
== A kula da gyara ==

Barka da aiki @[[User:Saudarh2|Saudarh2]], na goge wasu daga cikin maƙalolin da kika yi sakamakon maimaita irinsu. Kafin ƙirƙirar maƙala ki tabbata babu wata irin ta. Idan akwai abinda baki gane ba ki tambaye Ni a shafi na na [[User talk:Gwanki|Tattaunawa]]. [[User:Gwanki|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF00FF&quot;&gt;Gwanki&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Gwanki|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#800000&quot;&gt;(Yi Min Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 11:18, 23 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

== Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia,

Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC.

Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a.

Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]].

Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki.

A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_2&amp;oldid=26721207 --&gt;

== Fassara mara inganci ==

Assalam @[[User:Saudarh2|Saudarh2]],

Na duba wannan shafi da kika kirkira [[Pilaki]] kuma a zahiri wannan mukala bata da ma'ana sai da na gyara kusan dukkannin ta. Saboa haka a kula pls. A rika yin fassara ko kirkirar mukala mai ma'ana. 

Nagode [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 03:52, 17 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

== Gargaɗi ==

Sannu da aiki @[[User:Saudarh2|Saudarh2]] naga kina gyara wajan ƙara ma muƙala bayanai, hakan nada kyau. Sai dai kina saka hujja wadda bata dace da gyaran ba. Duba wannan mukalar ta [[Yankin Dosso]] da kuma [[Yankin Tahoua]] domin tabbatarwa. Tabbas hakan kuskure ne sannan ci gaba da aikata hakan ze sanya muyi gaggawar kulle ki na tsawon wani lokaci domin gyaran Wikipedia. Idan kina da tambaya kai tsaye ki tuntuɓeni a [[Tattaunawar user:Pharouqenr|Nan wajan]] [[User:Pharouqenr|&lt;span style=&quot;color:green; font-size:120%;&quot;&gt;Pharouqenr&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|Talk]]) 08:54, 5 Satumba 2025 (UTC)

:ok [[User:Saudarh2|Saudarh2]] ([[User talk:Saudarh2|talk]]) 14:24, 5 Satumba 2025 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:20, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Amusa34</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>25119</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838458</id>
      <parentid>111894</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:35:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
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      <text bytes="2432" sha1="1mdcragb8wp17ge557n8bnu8h4xir1m" xml:space="preserve">My name is anas musa am from kaduna
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Amusa34! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Amusa34|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 11:03, 16 Satumba 2021 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:35, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Bikhrah</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>25580</id>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:35:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
      <origin>838459</origin>
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      <text bytes="4411" sha1="tvl3v9mf7azgpyyo69ewu4wo6j68he7" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Aisha Aliyu! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Aisha Aliyu|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 05:12, 1 Oktoba 2021 (UTC)
== Gaisuwa ==
Assalamu alaikum ƴar'uwa barkanki fatan kina lafiya.....muna ganin editing ɗinki muna fatan zaki cigaba da bada gudummawar ki Allah bamu ikon yin sadaƙatu jariya. [[User:Salihu Aliyu|S Ahmad Fulani]] 19:32, 9 Nuwamba, 2021 (UTC)

== Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia,

Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC.

Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a.

Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]].

Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki.

A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_2&amp;oldid=26721207 --&gt;

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:35, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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  <page>
    <title>Why</title>
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'''Me yasa na''' iya nufin to:

* Dalili, alaƙa mai alaƙa tsakanin abubuwan biyu
* Dalili (muhawara), wani jigo na goyon bayan hujja, akan wane dalili ko manufa
* Ginin ƙasa (metaphysics), wani batu a cikin metaphysics game da yadda abubuwa ke wanzuwa saboda kyawawan abubuwa.
* Me yasa ?, ɗayan Ws guda biyar da ake amfani da su a aikin jarida

== Kiɗa ==

=== Masu fasaha ===

* Me ya sa? (Ƙungiyar Amurka) , ƙungiyar hip hop/indie rock band da aka kafa a Oakland, California, a cikin shekara ta 2004
** Yoni Wolf, wanda aka fi sani da sunan mataki Me yasa?
* Me ya sa ?, ƙungiyar mutanen Burtaniya ta shekara ta 1990s, membobinta biyu daga baya suka kafa Quench a shekara ta dubu da ɗaya 2001
* Me yasa (ƙungiyar Kanada), ƙungiyar dutsen da aka kafa a Winnipeg, Manitoba, a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da casa'in da Uku 1993

=== Kundaye ===

* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwIg&quot;&gt;Me ya sa?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Kundin album)
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwJQ&quot;&gt;Me ya sa?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Ginger Baker album)
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwKA&quot;&gt;Me ya sa?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Littafin Yakubu Whitesides)
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwKw&quot;&gt;Me yasa&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Prudence Liew album)
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwLg&quot;&gt;Me ya sa?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Suna iya zama Kattai album)
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwMQ&quot;&gt;Me yasa&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Taeyeon EP)
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwNA&quot;&gt;Me yasa&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Baby VOX)
* ''Me yasa'', daga Moahni Moahna

=== Waƙoƙi ===

* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar 3T), tare da Michael Jackson
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Andy Gibb)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Annie Lennox), DJ Sammy, Kelly Clarkson, Lara Fabian, Allison Crowe, da sauransu
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot; (Bronski Beat song)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (Waƙar Byrds), B-gefe zuwa ɗayan &quot;Takwas Miles High&quot;
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Carly Simon)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Cathy Dennis)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Frankie Avalon), wanda Anthony Newley ya rufe da kuma Donny Osmond
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (wakar Gabrielle)
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot; (Wakar Geir Rönning)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Glamma Kid)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Godsmack)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Jadakiss)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Jason Aldean)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Jieqiong)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Lionel Richie)
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot; (Wakar Marika Gombitová)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Mary J. Blige), tare da Rick Ross
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Miliyah Kato)
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot; (Mis-Teeq song)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Rascal Flatts)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Sabrina Carpenter)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Sonique)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Taeyeon)
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; (waƙar Tony Sheridan), tare da The Beatles
* &quot; Me yasa (Dole ne Mu Fada cikin Soyayya) &quot;, waƙar Diana Ross &amp; The Supremes
* &quot; Me yasa, me yasa, me yasa &quot;, waƙar Billy Currington
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta 4Minute daga ''Mafi kyawun 4Minute''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Air Supply daga ''Mumbo Jumbo''
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot;, Na Aminé daga ''OnePointFive''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Antique daga ''Die a gare ku''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Matsakaicin Farin Band daga ''Yanke Cake''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot; ta Avril Lavigne, B-gefe zuwa guda &quot;Mai rikitarwa &quot;
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Ayaka daga guda &quot;Tafawa &amp;amp;amp; Ƙauna&quot;/&quot;Me yasa&quot; da waƙar jigon wasan PSP ''Crisis Core: Final Fantasy VII''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Bazzi daga ''Cosmic''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta [[Basshunter]] daga ''[[Bass Generation]]''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Busted daga ''Kyauta ga Kowa''
* &quot;Me yasa, Pt. 2&quot;, ta Rai Mai Ruwa daga ''Blender''
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot;, Daga Des'ree daga ''Sojan Mafarki''
* &quot;Me yasa! ...&quot;, ta Enigma daga ''Le Roi Est Mort, Vive Le Roi!''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, daga Fleetwood Mac daga ''Sirrin Zuwa gare Ni''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, na Frankie Valli daga ''Closeup''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Helloween daga ''Jagora na Zobba''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, na Irene Cara daga ''Kowa na iya gani''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, na Jamie Walters daga ''Jamie Walters''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, na Jason Aldean, shima Shannon Brown ya rufe shi daga ''Masara Fed''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Jocelyn Enriquez daga ''Duk Rayuwata''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, na Joe Satriani daga mai ''tsattsauran ra'ayi''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Limp Bizkit daga ''Greatest Hitz''
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot;, Lonnie Mack daga ''The Wham na wancan Memphis Man''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Mario daga ''Go!''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, na Melanie Chisholm daga ''Northern Star''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, na Natalie Imbruglia daga ''Hagu na Tsakiya''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Ne-Yo daga ''Ba-labari''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta NF daga ''Binciken''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Rooney
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot;, Ta Sehandade na biyu daga ''Juya A Labari na''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, na Shawn Mendes daga ''Shawn Mendes''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta hanyar Stabbing Westward daga ''Wither Blister Burn &amp;amp;amp; Peel''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Swift daga ''Tunani Ana Tunani''
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot;, Tracy Chapman daga ''Tracy Chapman''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Uriah Heep daga ''Aljanu da Bokaye''
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot;, Daga Vanilla Ninja daga ''Vanilla Ninja''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, ta Wide Mouth Mason daga ''Inda Na Fara''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, na Yoko Ono daga ''Yoko Ono/Plastic Ono Band''
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot;, Daga Z-Ro daga ''Rayuwar Joseph W. McVey''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, wanda Buddy Feyne ya rubuta, musamman Nat King Cole ya yi
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, daga ''Tick na musika, kaska.'' ''.'' ''.'' ''BUM!''
* &quot;Me yasa&quot;, daga jerin talabijin ''Fraggle Rock''
* &quot;Me yasa (Menene ke faruwa?)&quot;, Waƙar da Tushen daga ''Tipping Point''
* &quot;Me yasa, me yasa, me yasa&quot;, waƙar Eddie Rabbitt daga ''Waƙoƙi daga Rabbittland''
* &quot;Me yasa? Me ya sa? Me ya sa? (Shin Yana Da Wuya) &quot;, waƙar Paul Revere &amp; The Raiders daga ''Ruhun '67''

== Sauran kafofin watsa labarai ==

* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mw-A&quot;&gt;Me yasa&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (wasan jirgi), wasan da ya danganci jerin talabijin ''Alfred Hitchcock Presents''
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mw_A&quot;&gt;Me ya sa?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (fim), fim na Czech na shekara ta 1987
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mw_w&quot;&gt;Me ya sa?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Fim na shekara ta 1971), ɗan gajeren fim na shekara ta 1971 wanda OJ Simpson da Tim Buckley suka yi
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwAQM&quot;&gt;Me ya sa?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (littafi), littafin yara na Tomie dePaola
* &quot;Me yasa?&quot;, Wani sashi na jerin shirye -shiryen TV ''Kamar yadda Lokaci Ya Wuce''
* ''Me ya sa? tare da Hannibal Buress'', jerin talabijin wurin barkwanci

== Wurare ==

* Me ya sa, Arizona, wata al'umma da ba a haɗa ta ba a Amurka
* Me yasa, Lakes, Sudan ta Kudu

== Sunan mahaifi ==

* Alby Why (1899 - 1969), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta rugby ta Australiya
* Jack Why (1903 - 1944), dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta rugby ta Australiya

== Sufuri ==

* Tashar jirgin kasa ta Whyteleafe, Surrey, lambar tashar jirgin ƙasa

== Sauran amfani ==

* Me yasa mai sa'a yayi taurin kai, ko kuma kawai me yasa ko _why, mai shirye -shiryen kwamfuta kuma mai zane
* Shekarar Yunwar Duniya (WHY), ƙungiyar agaji
* Me yasa ?, wiki na satirical da ƙaramin aikin Uncyclopedia

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Wai|Wai (disambiguation)]]
* Wye (rashin fahimta)
* Y (rarrabuwa)
* All pages with titles containing dalili
{{Disambig|geo|surname}}
[[te:ఎందుకు]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sai'du Ahmed Alkali</title>
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      <comment>Gyara</comment>
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'''Sa'idu Ahmed Alkali''' (An haifi shi a ranar goma sha biyu 12 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif dubu daya da dari tara da sittin da tara 1969). Ya rike sarautar Sarkin Gabas na Dukku. ya samu digirin farko na Kimiyya a fannin tattalin [[arziki]], kuma ya zama ma'aikacin gwamnati.&lt;ref&gt;https://dailytrust.com/amp/gombe-north-senate-seat-apc-floors-dankwambo-in-kwami-lga&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya taɓa zama kwamishinan yaɗa labarai a gwamnatin Gwamna Danjuma Goje .&lt;ref&gt;https://independent.ng/2023-gombe-apc-stakeholders-vow-to-unite-members-to-victory/&lt;/ref&gt;

==Siyasa==
Bayan rasuwar Kawu Peto Dukku a watan Afrilu shekara ta alif dubu biyu da goma 2010, ya fito a matsayin dan takarar jam'iyyar PDP musamman saboda ya fito daga karamar hukumar Dukku. Wannan shawarar da aka yi a kan yanayin kasa ta samu suka daga wasu ‘yan jam’iyyar.&lt;ref&gt;https://hausa.legit.ng/1223916-yanzu-yanzu-gwamna-dankwambo-na-jihar-gombe-ya-sha-kasa-a-karamar-hukumar-kwami.html&lt;/ref&gt;
A zaben tarayya na watan Afrilun shekara ta alif dubu biyu da goma Sha daya 2011. Alkali yayi nasara, inda ya samu kuri’u dubu dari da talatin da shida da dari takwas da hamsin 136,850 a jam’iyyar PDP. Mu'azu Umar Babagoro na jam'iyyar CPC ya samu kuri'u dubu tamanin da daya da dari biyar da goma sha tara 81,519 sai, kuma Injiniya Abdullahi Sa'ad Abubakar na jam'iyyar All Nigeria People's Party, (ANPP) 

==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
[[category:Rayayyun Mutane]]
[[category:Haifaffun 1969]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Samir Naqqash</title>
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'''Samir Naqqash''' ( {{Lang-he|סמיר נקאש}}   , {{Lang-ar|سمير نقاش}}   ; 1938 a [[Bagdaza|Baghdad]] - 6 ga Yuli 'n shekara ta 2004, a cikin Petah Tikva ) marubuci ne na Isra'ila, marubuci ɗan gajeren labari, kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya yi hijira daga Iraki yana da shekaru 13.

==Farkon rayuwa da ilimi==
An haifi Samir Naqqash a Bagadaza, na farko a cikin ƴaƴa shida da aka haifa ga dangin Yahudawa masu arziki. Ya fara makaranta yana ɗan shekara 4, kuma ya fara rubutu tun yana ɗan shekara 6. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.geocities.ws/ruti_v/biograph.htm&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;http://www.banipal.co.uk/contributors/70/samir-naqqash/&lt;/ref&gt; Sa'ad sanda yake ɗan shekara 13, shi da iyalinsa suka ƙaura zuwa Isra'ila, kuma dole ne su yi rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi mara kyau a cibiyar sha .  Shekaru da yawa bayan haka, mahaifinsa ya mutu, kuma hakan ya yi tasiri a kansa. Naqqash ya kuduri aniyar barin Isra’ila don ya sami kansa, ya zauna a [[Turkiyya]], [[Iran]], [[Lebanon]], [[Misra|Masar]], [[Indiya]], da [[Birtaniya]] daga 1958 zuwa 1962, amma ya fuskanci matsaloli kuma aka tilasta masa komawa Isra’ila, inda ya dauki ayyuka daban-daban. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.geocities.ws/ruti_v/biograph.htm&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;http://www.banipal.co.uk/contributors/70/samir-naqqash/&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin shekarar 1970s ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, kuma ya sami digiri a fannin adabin Larabci. Ya shahara a kasashen Larabawa da kuma cikin al'ummar Iraki a Isra'ila, amma daya daga cikin ayyukansa da aka fassara zuwa [[Ibrananci]]. Naqqash ya lashe kyautar firaministan kasar Isra'ila kan adabin Larabci.

Naqqash ya sha kiran kansa Balarabe wanda yayi imani da Yahudanci.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2011}} A cikin shirin &quot; Mantawa Baghdad &quot; (2002), yace  shi baya so ya tafi zuwa Isra'ila amma aka dauka a can a kafarsa ta Yahudawa Agency for Isra'ila .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2011}} Bai taba jin a gida a Isra'ila, da kuma dauki kansa wani Iraqi a zaman talala. Ya ci gaba da bugawa da rubuta da Larabci. Yana ganin kansa a matsayin wani bangare mai girma na al'adar tatsuniyoyi da adabi na Larabci{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2014}} . Sau da yawa ana sukar sa da sunan Larabci amma ya ki canza shi.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2011}} Bayan da ya rasu, Iraqi expatriates ayyana su nufin da shi binne shi a Iraq, muhawwara da ya nuna mafi e kanka ga kasar Iraki fiye da wani expatriate.

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist}}

==Adireshin waje==
* [https://mondoweiss.net/2020/08/with-new-translation-samir-naqqashs-place-in-israeli-literature-should-finally-be-celebrated/ Tare da sabon fassarar, a ƙarshe ya kamata a yi bikin Samir Naqqash a cikin adabin Isra'ila], Mondoweiss, Mati Shemoelof, 18.8.2020
* A Turanci http://acc.teachmideast.org/texts.php?module_id=7&amp;reading_id=310&amp;sequence=1 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226145731/http://acc.teachmideast.org/texts.php?module_id=7&amp;reading_id=310&amp;sequence=1 |date=2016-12-26 }}
* site=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/461488.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040806203854/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/461488.html |date=2004-08-06 }} Art, da sauransu. / An kora daga Babila, Obituary a [[Haretz|Haaretz]] ta Neri Livneh, 6 ga Agusta 2004
* [http://www.kedma.co.il/index.php?id=348&amp;t=pages Marking the Passing of Samir Naqqash] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604072329/http://www.kedma.co.il/index.php?id=348&amp;t=pages |date=2011-06-04 }}, na David Shasha, Kedma, 22 Yuli 2004 (a cikin Ibrananci)
*  
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Haifaffun 1938]]</text>
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'''Samir Naqqash''' ( {{Lang-he|סמיר נקאש}}   , {{Lang-ar|سمير نقاش}}   ; 1938 a [[Bagdaza|Baghdad]] - 6 ga Yuli 'n shekara ta 2004, a cikin Petah Tikva ) marubuci ne na Isra'ila, marubuci ɗan gajeren labari, kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya yi hijira daga Iraki yana da shekaru 13.

==Farkon rayuwa da ilimi==
An haifi Samir Naqqash a Bagadaza, na farko a cikin ƴaƴa shida da aka haifa ga dangin Yahudawa masu arziki. Ya fara makaranta yana ɗan shekara 4, kuma ya fara rubutu tun yana ɗan shekara 6. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.geocities.ws/ruti_v/biograph.htm&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;http://www.banipal.co.uk/contributors/70/samir-naqqash/&lt;/ref&gt; Sa'ad sanda yake ɗan shekara 13, shi da iyalinsa suka ƙaura zuwa Isra'ila, kuma dole ne su yi rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi mara kyau a cibiyar sha .  Shekaru da yawa bayan haka, mahaifinsa ya mutu, kuma hakan ya yi tasiri a kansa. Naqqash ya kuduri aniyar barin Isra’ila don ya sami kansa, ya zauna a [[Turkiyya]], [[Iran]], [[Lebanon]], [[Misra|Masar]], [[Indiya]], da [[Birtaniya]] daga 1958 zuwa 1962, amma ya fuskanci matsaloli kuma aka tilasta masa komawa Isra’ila, inda ya dauki ayyuka daban-daban. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.geocities.ws/ruti_v/biograph.htm&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;http://www.banipal.co.uk/contributors/70/samir-naqqash/&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin shekarar 1970s ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, kuma ya sami digiri a fannin adabin Larabci. Ya shahara a kasashen Larabawa da kuma cikin al'ummar Iraki a Isra'ila, to amma ɗaya daga cikin ayyukansa da aka fassara zuwa [[Ibrananci]]. Naqqash ya lashe kyautar firaministan kasar Isra'ila kan adabin Larabci.

Naqqash ya sha kiran kansa Balarabe wanda yayi imani da Yahudanci.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2011}} A cikin shirin &quot; Mantawa Baghdad &quot; (2002), yace  shi baya so ya tafi zuwa Isra'ila amma aka dauka a can a kafarsa ta Yahudawa Agency for Isra'ila .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2011}} Bai taba jin a gida a Isra'ila, da kuma dauki kansa wani Iraqi a zaman talala. Ya ci gaba da bugawa da rubuta da Larabci. Yana ganin kansa a matsayin wani bangare mai girma na al'adar tatsuniyoyi da adabi na Larabci{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2014}} . Sau da yawa ana sukar sa da sunan Larabci amma ya ki canza shi.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2011}} Bayan da ya rasu, Iraqi expatriates ayyana su nufin da shi binne shi a Iraq, muhawwara da ya nuna mafi e kanka ga kasar Iraki fiye da wani expatriate.

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist}}

==Adireshin waje==
* [https://mondoweiss.net/2020/08/with-new-translation-samir-naqqashs-place-in-israeli-literature-should-finally-be-celebrated/ Tare da sabon fassarar, a ƙarshe ya kamata a yi bikin Samir Naqqash a cikin adabin Isra'ila], Mondoweiss, Mati Shemoelof, 18.8.2020
* A Turanci http://acc.teachmideast.org/texts.php?module_id=7&amp;reading_id=310&amp;sequence=1 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226145731/http://acc.teachmideast.org/texts.php?module_id=7&amp;reading_id=310&amp;sequence=1 |date=2016-12-26 }}
* site=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/461488.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040806203854/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/461488.html |date=2004-08-06 }} Art, da sauransu. / An kora daga Babila, Obituary a [[Haretz|Haaretz]] ta Neri Livneh, 6 ga Agusta 2004
* [http://www.kedma.co.il/index.php?id=348&amp;t=pages Marking the Passing of Samir Naqqash] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604072329/http://www.kedma.co.il/index.php?id=348&amp;t=pages |date=2011-06-04 }}, na David Shasha, Kedma, 22 Yuli 2004 (a cikin Ibrananci)
*  
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Haifaffun 1938]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Hafsat3639</title>
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      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
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      <text bytes="3211" sha1="97b9f9dprqq0sho6san8uzmk2jqeyzd" xml:space="preserve">== Barka da zuwa! ==
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Hafsat3639! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Hafsat3639|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma ina fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]], ko kuma ka tambayeni a {{Gyara|User talk:Em-mustapha|section=new|shafina na tattaunawa}}. Na gode.[[User:Em-mustapha|&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #804; color: #fa0;&quot;&gt;&lt;samp&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;''Em-mustapha''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]] &lt;sup&gt;&lt;samp&gt;&lt;u&gt;[[User talk:Em-mustapha|'''talk''']]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 12:47, 5 ga Faburairu, 2022 (UTC)

== Mukala: Tallatawa ==

Aslm @[[User:Hafsat3639|Hafsat3639]], da fatan kina lafiya. Wannan mukala taki na canza mata suna zuwa [[Talla]], don yafi dacewa da ita. Sannan kuma akwai gyare-gyare kasancewa ya kamata ace nukalar ta fi haka. Misali, talla na iya nufin tallata haja, tallar fina-finai, talla da yara suke. Saboda haka kina iya fadada ta don cancantar zama mukala mai zaman kan ta. [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 10:53, 13 Satumba 2023 (UTC)

:Ok nagode sosai insha  Allah I will take note of it. [[User:Hafsat3639|Hafsat3639]] ([[User talk:Hafsat3639#top|talk]]) 22:58, 13 Satumba 2023 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:20, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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    <title>Ƴancin daidaiton jinsi da cigaban iyali</title>
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[[File:Dewan_Rakyat.svg|right|160x160px]]
Ƴancin Daidaiton Jinsi '''da Ci gaban Iyali''' ( Malay : Jawatankuasa Pilihan Khas Kesaksamaan Gender dan Pembangunan Keluarga; Chinese ; Tamil : மலேசிய பாலின சமத்துவம் மற்றும் மற்றும் குடும்ப மேம்பாட்டு சிறப்பு சிறப்பு சிறப்பு சிறப்பு சிறப்பு சிறப்பு தவம் Majalisar Wakilan Malaysia da yawa. Yana daga cikin sabbin zababbun kwamitoci guda shida na ‘yan majalisar wakilai da shugaban majalisar wakilai, Mohamad Ariff Md Yusof, ya sanar a ranar 4 ga Disamba shekarata 2018 a ƙoƙarin inganta tsarin hukumomin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bernama.com/en/general/news.php?id=1720246#.XMGKOJ9mqHg.twitter|access-date=25 April 2019|date=25 April 2019|publisher=[[Bernama]]|work=[[Bernama]]|title=11 new parliamentarian select committees to be set up}}&lt;/ref&gt; A baya an san shi da '''Kwamitin Zaɓar Ƙwararrun 'Yancin Dan Adam da Daidaita Jinsi kafin a kafa kwamitin zaɓen''' 'yancin ɗan adam da tsarin mulki a ranar 17 ga Oktoba shekarata 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|access-date=18 October 2019|date=17 October 2019|publisher=[[The Sun (Malaysia)]]|url=https://www.thesundaily.my/local/four-new-parliamentary-select-committees-established-BJ1496021|title=Four new parliamentary select committees established|first1=Amar Shah|last1=Mohsen|first2=Ashwin|last2=Kumar|archive-date=28 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128062309/https://www.thesundaily.my/local/four-new-parliamentary-select-committees-established-BJ1496021|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|access-date=18 October 2019|date=17 October 2019|publisher=[[Malay Mail]]|first=Azril|last=Annuar|title=Parliament approves four new select committees|url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2019/10/17/parliament-approves-four-new-select-committees/1801196}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2019/10/17/four-new-parliament-special-select-committees-formed|date=17 October 2019|access-date=18 October 2019|title=Four new Parliament Special Select Committees formed|publisher=[[The Star (Malaysia)]]|last1=Carvalho|first1=Martin|last2=Sivanandam|first2=Hemananthani|last3=Rahim|first3=Rahimy|last4=Tan|first4=Tarrence}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|access-date=18 October 2019|date=18 October 2019|publisher=[[Free Malaysia Today]]|url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2019/10/18/4-more-special-select-committees-set-up/|title=4 more special select committees set up|work=[[Bernama]]|archive-date=18 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018074136/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2019/10/18/4-more-special-select-committees-set-up/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Memba ==

=== Majalisa ta 14 ===
Tun daga watan Disamba na shekarar 2019, membobin kwamitin na yanzu sune kamar haka:&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/454684|publisher=[[Malaysiakini]]|access-date=26 April 2019|title=Six new select committees announced, Anwar heads reforms caucus|date=4 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/therealmariachin/photos/pcb.3533478726669927/3533443720006761/?type=3&amp;theater|access-date=8 December 2019|date=4 December 2019|website=facebook.com|last=Abdullah|first=Maria Chin|title=Maria Chin Abdullah}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; |Memba
! valign=&quot;top&quot; | Biki
! valign=&quot;top&quot; | Mazaba 
|-
| bgcolor=&quot;{{party color|Pakatan Harapan}}&quot; |
| {{Sortname|Nor Aziana|Surip}} MP (Shugaba)
| PKR
| Merbok 
|-
| bgcolor=&quot;{{party color|Pakatan Harapan}}&quot; |
| {{Sortname|Maria Chin|Abdullah}} MP
| PKR
| Petaling Jaya 
|-
| bgcolor=&quot;{{party color|Pakatan Harapan}}&quot; |
| {{Sortname|Ahmad Fahmi|Mohamed Fadzil}} MP
| PKR
| Lembah Pantai 
|-
| bgcolor=&quot;{{party color|Barisan Nasional}}&quot; |
| {{Sortname|Mastura|Mohd Yazid}} MP
| UMNO
| Kuala Kangsar 
|-
| bgcolor=&quot;{{party color|Malaysian Islamic Party}}&quot; |
| {{Sortname|Siti Zailah|Mohd Yusoff}} MP
| PAS
| Rantau Panjang 
|-
| bgcolor=&quot;{{party color|Pakatan Harapan}}&quot; |
| {{Sortname|Kasthuriraani|Patto}} MP
| DAP
| Batu Kawan 
|-
| bgcolor=&quot;{{party color|Sabah Heritage Party}}&quot; |
| {{Sortname|Ma'mun|Sulaiman}} MP
| WARISAN
| Kalabakan
|-
|}
Tsoffin mambobin kwamitin sun hada da:
{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; |Memba
! valign=&quot;top&quot; | Biki
! valign=&quot;top&quot; | Mazaba
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; | Magaji 
|-
| bgcolor=&quot;{{party color|Pakatan Harapan}}&quot; |
| {{Sortname|Charles Anthony|Santiago}} MP
| DAP
| Klang
| Mariya Abdullahi
|}

== Shugaban Kwamitin Zaban Daidaiton Jinsi da Ci gaban Iyali ==
{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |kujera
! Biki
! Mazaba
! Na farko zaba
! Hanya 
|-
| style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Pakatan Harapan}}&quot; |
| {{Sortname|Nor Aziana|Surip}}
| PKR
| Merbok
| 4 Disamba 2018
| Shugaban majalisar wakilai ne ya zaba
|-
|}

== Duba wasu abubuwan ==

* Kwamitocin Majalisar Malesiya

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <title>Vladimir Horowitz</title>
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      <comment>Replacing President_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_present_Pianist_Vladimir_Horowitz_with_the_Medal_of_Freedom_in_the_Roosevelt_room.jpg with [[File:President_Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_Present_Pianist_Vladimir_Horowitz_with_The_Medal_of_Freedom_in_The_Roose</comment>
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[[File:HorowitzBain.jpg|thumb| Vladimir Horowitz, kwanan wata ba a sani ba[[File:Horowitz_Signature.png|alt=signature written in ink in a flowing script|center|frameless]]]]
[[Fayil:Vladimir Horowitz C37292-1 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Vladimir Horowitz]]
'''Vladimir Samoylovich Horowitz'''&lt;ref&gt;/[[Taimako:IPA/English|ˈhɒrəvɪts/]]; [[Russian language|Russian]]: Владимир Самойлович Горовиц; [[Yiddish language|Yiddish]]: וולאַדימיר סאַמוילאָוויטש האָראָוויץ&lt;/ref&gt; (October 1 [   {{Spaced en dash}}Nuwamba 5, 1989) &lt;ref name=&quot;schonberg&quot;&gt;Schonberg, 1992&lt;/ref&gt; ɗan Ukrainian Ba'amurke ne na gargajiya na pianist kuma mawaki.  Yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƴan wasan piano na kowane lokaci,  &lt;ref&gt;Time. Michael Walsh, [https://web.archive.org/web/20081129121717/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1825139,00.html ''The Greatest Pianist of All?''], July 21, 2008. Retrieved on June 3, 2009.&lt;/ref&gt;  an san shi da fasaha na virtuoso, launin sautin, da kuma jin daɗin da ya haifar da wasansa. &lt;ref&gt;Dubal, 1989&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa da farkon aiki ==
[[File:Horowitz_birth_certificate.png|left|thumb| Takaddar haihuwar Vladimir Horowitz]]
An haifi Vladimir Horowitz a [[Kiev|Kyiv]], a lokacin tana karkashin wani yanki na daular Russia. Akwai da'awar cewa Horowitz an haife shi ne a Berdychiv (wani birni kusa da Zhytomyr a Ukraine), amma takardar shaidar haihuwarsa ta nuna babu shakka cewa Kyiv ita ce mahaifarsa. 

Horowitz shi ne auta a cikin yara hudu na Samuil Horowitz da Sophia Bodik, waɗanda ake tsammani Yahudawa ne. Samuil ya kasance ƙwararren injiniyan lantarki kuma ya bada gudunmawa ga masana'antun Jamus. Kakan Horowitz Joachim ɗan kasuwa ne (kuma mai goyon bayan fasaha), na ƙungiyar 1st Guild, wanda ya keɓe shi daga zama a Pale of Settlement . An haifi Horowitz ne a shekara ta 1903, amma domin ya nuna cewa bai cika matashin yin aikin soja ba don kada ya yi kasadar lahani a hannunsa, mahaifinsa ya cire shekarun dansa na shekara guda da ikirarin cewa an haife shi a shekara ta 1904. Kwanan watan 1904 ya bayyana a cikin ayyukan tunani da yawa a lokacin rayuwar pianist.

Kawun Horowitz Alexander almajiri ne kuma aminin Alexander Scriabin . &lt;ref&gt;''Scriabin, a Biography'' Faubion Bowers, p. 82&lt;/ref&gt; Lokacin da Horowitz ya kasance 10, an shirya shi don buga wa Scriabin, wanda ya gaya wa iyayensa cewa yana da hazaka da fasaha sosai. &lt;ref&gt;''A Little Nightmusic'', Samuel Chotzinoff, p. 36 Harper &amp; Row, 1964&lt;/ref&gt;

Horowitz ya sami matsayin koyar da piano tun yana ƙarami, da farko daga mahaifiyarsa, wadda ita kanta ƴan wasan piano ce. A 1912 ya shiga Kyiv Conservatory, inda Vladimir Puchalsky, Sergei Tarnowsky, da Felix Blumenfeld suka koyar da shi. Karatun solo na farko shine a Kharkiv a cikin 1920.

Ba da dadewa ba Horowitz ya fara rangadin kasar Russia, inda ake biya shi da burodi, man shanu da cakulan maimakon kudi, saboda matsalar tattalin arziki da yakin basasa ya haifar. &lt;ref name=&quot;plaskin&quot;&gt;Plaskin, 1983, pp. 52, 56, 338–37, 353.&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin lokacin 1922–23, ya yi kide-kide 23 na shirye-shirye daban-daban goma sha daya a cikin [[Saint-Petersburg|Petrograd]] kadai. &lt;ref name=&quot;plaskin&quot; /&gt; Duk da nasarar da ya samu a farko a matsayin dan wasan pian, Horowitz ya ci gaba da cewa yana so ya zama mawaki kuma ya gudanar da aikinsa a matsayin dan wasan pian kawai don taimaka wa danginsa, wadanda suka yi asarar dukiyoyinsu a juyin juya halin Rasha . 

A cikin Disamba 1925, Horowitz ya yi hijira zuwa Yamma, da alama don yin karatu tare da Artur Schnabel a Berlin amma a asirce ya yi niyyar ba zai dawo ba. Dan wasan piano mai shekaru 22 ya cusa dalar Amurka da fam na Burtaniya a cikin takalminsa don samun kudin gudanar da kide kide da wake-wakar sa na farko. &lt;ref&gt;Horowitz interview with Charles Kuralt, CBS News Sunday Morning&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a a Yammacin dunniya ==
[[File:Vladimir_Horowitz_LOC_3b00629.jpg|thumb|311x311px| Horowitz a 1931]]
A ranar 18 ga Disamba, 1925, Horowitz ya fara bayyanar a wajen ƙasarsa, a [[Berlin]].  Daga baya ya taka leda a [[Faris|Paris]], [[Landan|London]] da [[New York (birni)|New York City]] . Hukumomin [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Soviet]] sun zaɓi Horowitz don wakiltar [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]] a gasar Chopin Piano ta kasa da kasa ta 1927 a [[Poland]], amma ya yanke shawarar zama a Yammacin Turai don haka bai shiga ba. 

Horowitz ya fara halarta a Amurka a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 1928, a Hall Hall Carnegie. Ya buga wasan kwaikwayo na Tchaikovsky 's Piano Concerto No. 1 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Sir Thomas Beecham, wanda shi ma ya fara halarta a Amurka. Horowitz daga baya ya ce shi da Beecham suna da ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da lokaci kuma Beecham yana gudanar da maki &quot;daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kuma bai sani ba&quot; yanki. &lt;ref&gt;Videotaped interview, 1982, intemission feature from London recital&lt;/ref&gt; Kwatankwacin Horowitz da masu sauraronsa abu ne mai ban mamaki. Olin Downes, rubuce-rubuce ga ''[[New York Times|The New York Times]]'', ya kasance mai mahimmanci game da yakin da ake yi tsakanin jagoran da soloist, amma ya ba da Horowitz tare da kyakkyawan sautin waƙa a cikin motsi na biyu da kuma fasaha mai mahimmanci a cikin wasan karshe, yana kiran wasansa &quot;guguwar iska da aka saki. daga steppes&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;Olin Downes, New York Times, January 13, 1928&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan wasan kwaikwayo na farko, Horowitz ya nuna alamar iyawa don faranta wa masu sauraron sa rai, ikon da ya kiyaye don dukan aikinsa. Downes ya rubuta cewa: &quot;An kwashe shekaru da yawa tun lokacin da mai wasan pian ya haifar da irin wannan fushi tare da masu sauraro a wannan birni.&quot; A cikin bita na karatun solo na Horowitz, Downes ya kwatanta wasan pianist yana nuna &quot;mafi yawan idan ba duka halayen babban mai fassara bane.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Olin Downes, New York Times, February 21, 1928&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 1933, ya taka leda a karon farko tare da shugaba Arturo Toscanini a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven's]] Piano Concerto No. 5 . Horowitz da Toscanini sun ci gaba da yin wasa tare sau da yawa, a kan mataki da kuma rikodin. Horowitz ya zauna a Amurka a cikin 1939 kuma ya zama ɗan Amurka a 1944. &lt;ref name=&quot;Encyclopedia.com&quot;&gt;[http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3491900044.html#A Vladimir Horowitz on Encyclopedia.com], accessed ''15 January 2010''&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara fitowar sa ta talabijin a cikin wani kade-kade da aka kade a Hall din Carnegie a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 1968, kuma CBS ya watsa a duk fadin kasar a ranar 22 ga Satumba na waccan shekarar.

Duk da liyafar da aka hada masa, Horowitz ya ƙara samun rashin tabbas game da iyawarsa matsayin ɗan wasan pian. A lokuta da dama, dole ne a tura mai wasan piano zuwa mataki. &lt;ref name=&quot;plaskin&quot;&gt;Plaskin, 1983, pp. 52, 56, 338–37, 353.&lt;/ref&gt; Ya janye daga wasan kwaikwayon jama'a daga 1936 zuwa 1938, 1953 zuwa 1965, 1969 zuwa 1974, da 1983 zuwa 1985.

=== Rikodi ===
{{See also|Vladimir Horowitz discography}}

 
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;width: 270px; float: right; clear: right; margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above&quot; style=&quot;font-size:115%&quot; |Sauti na waje
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left&quot; |[[File:Nuvola_apps_arts.svg|link=|alt=audio icon|16x16px]]&lt;/img&gt; Kuna iya jin Vladimir Horowitz yana yin [[Johannes Brahms]] &quot;Piano Concerto No. 2 in B-flat Major&quot; tare da [[Arturo Toscanini]] yana gudanar da [[NBC Symphony Orchestra|Orchestra na Symphony NBC]] a 1940. [[iarchive:BRAHMSPianoConcertoNo.2-Horowitz-NEWTRANSFER/02.Ii.AllegroAppassionato.mp3|'''nan''']]
|}
A cikin 1926, Horowitz ya yi wasan piano da yawa a ɗakin studio na Welte-Mignon a Freiburg, Jamus. An yi rikodinsa na farko a Amurka don Kamfanin Injin Magana na Victor a 1928. Rikodin farko na Horowitz na Turai, wanda aka yi a cikin 1930 ta Muryar Jagoransa, RCA Victor na London wanda ke da alaƙa, ya kasance na Rachmaninoff 's Piano Concerto No. 3 tare da Albert Coates da Orchestra na Symphony na London, rikodin farko na duniya na wannan yanki. Ta hanyar 1936, Horowitz ya ci gaba da yin rikodi a Burtaniya don HMV na repertoire na solo piano, gami da asusunsa na 1932 na Liszt's Sonata a cikin ƙaramin B. Tun daga 1940, aikin rikodin Horowitz ya sake mayar da hankali ga RCA Victor a Amurka. A wannan shekarar, ya rubuta Brahms Piano Concerto No. 2, kuma a cikin 1941, Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto No. 1, duka tare da NBC Symphony Orchestra karkashin Toscanini. A 1959, RCA Victor bayar da live 1943 wasan kwaikwayo na Tchaikovsky concerto tare da Horowitz da Toscanini; gabaɗaya ana ɗauka cewa ya fi rikodin rikodi na 1941, kuma an zaɓi shi don Grammy Hall of Fame. A lokacin da yayi ritaya na biyu na Horowitz, wanda ya fara a cikin 1953, ya yi jerin rikodi a cikin gidansa na birnin New York, gami da LPs na Scriabin da Clementi . Rikodin sitiriyo na farko na Horowitz, wanda aka yi a cikin 1959, an sadaukar da shi ga Beethoven piano sonatas.

A cikin shekara ta 1962, Horowitz ya fara yin rikodin rikodin rikodin Columbia . Shahararrun sanannun su ne wasan kwaikwayo na dawowar sa na 1965 a Hall Hall Carnegie da kuma rikodin 1968 daga na musamman na talabijin, ''Vladimir Horowitz: Concert a Hall Carnegie'', wanda CBS ya yi ta talabijin. Horowitz ya ci gaba da yin rikodin studio, gami da rikodin 1969 na Schumann's ''Kreisleriana'', wanda aka ba shi Prix Mondial du Disk.

A cikin shekara ta 1975, Horowitz ya koma RCA kuma ya yi rikodin rikodi har zuwa 1983. Ya sanya hannu tare da Deutsche Grammophon a cikin 1985, kuma ya yi ɗakin studio da rikodin raye-raye har zuwa 1989, gami da rikodinsa kawai na Mozart's Piano Concerto No. 23 . An yi fina-finai na gaskiya guda huɗu waɗanda ke nuna Horowitz a wannan lokacin, gami da watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na karatunsa na Afrilu 20, 1986 na Moscow. Rikodinsa na ƙarshe, na Sony Classical (tsohuwar Columbia), an kammala shi kwanaki huɗu kafin mutuwarsa kuma ya ƙunshi rubutun da bai taɓa yin rikodin a baya ba. 

An fitar da duk wakokin Horowitz akan ƙaramin faifain CD, wasu lokuta da yawa. A cikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan mutuwar Horowitz, an fitar da CD ɗin da ke ɗauke da wasannin da ba a fitar da su a baya. Waɗannan sun haɗa da zaɓuka daga littattafan Carnegie Hall da aka rubuta a asirce don Horowitz daga 1945 zuwa 1951. 

=== Dalibai ===
Horowitz ya koyar da dalibai bakwai tsakanin 1937 da 1962: Nico Kaufmann (1937),  Byron Janis (1944-1948), Gary Graffman (1953-1955), Coleman Blumfield (1956-1958), Ronald Turini (1957-1963), Alexander Fiorillo (1960-1962) da Ivan Davis (1961-1962). &lt;ref&gt;Plaskin, Glenn (1983) p. 10 &quot;interviews with all six of Horowitz's students: Gary Graffman, Byron Janis, Ivan Davis, Ronald Turini, Coleman Blumfield, and Alexander Fiorillo&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Janis ya bayyana dangantakarsa da Horowitz a lokacin a matsayin ɗan maye, kuma yakan yi tafiya tare da Horowitz da matarsa a lokacin yawon shakatawa. An gayyaci Davis don zama ɗaya daga cikin ɗaliban Horowitz bayan ya sami kira daga gare shi kwana ɗaya bayan ya ci gasar Franz Liszt. &lt;ref name=&quot;pl&quot;&gt;Plaskin, Glenn (1983) p. 305 &quot;...he also won the Franz Liszt Competition and received a surprise phone call from Horowitz the day after the announcement. ...with 60 concerts planned for his first cross-country tour and a CBS record contract, Davis intrigued Horowitz.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin, Davis yana da kwangila tare da Columbia Records da yawon shakatawa na kasa da aka shirya. &lt;ref name=&quot;pl&quot; /&gt; Horowitz yayi ikirarin cewa ya koyar da dalibai uku ne kawai a wannan lokacin. “Yawancin matasa sun ce su almajiran Horowitz ne, amma uku ne kawai: Janis, Turini, waɗanda na kawo su fagen wasan, da kuma Graffman. Idan wani ya yi iƙirarin, ba gaskiya ba ne. Ina da wadanda suka yi min wasa tsawon wata hudu. Sau ɗaya a mako. Na daina aiki da su saboda ba su ci gaba ba.” &lt;ref name=&quot;pla&quot;&gt;Plaskin, Glenn (1983) p. 300 &quot;Many young people say they have been pupils of Horowitz, but there were only three. Janis, Turini, who I brought to the stage, and Graffman. If someone else claims it, it's not true. I had some who played for me for four months. Once a week. I stopped work with them, because they did not progress.&quot; &quot;The fact that Horowitz disavowed most of his students and blurred the facts regarding their periods of study says something about the erratic nature of his personality during that period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A cewar masanin tarihin Glenn Plaskin: &quot;Gaskiyar cewa Horowitz ya yi watsi da yawancin ɗalibansa kuma ya ɓata gaskiyar game da lokutan nazarin su yana faɗi wani abu game da yanayin halinsa na kuskure a lokacin&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;pla&quot; /&gt; Horowitz ya koma horarwa a cikin 1980s, yayi aiki tare da Murray Perahia, wanda ya riga ya sami ingantaccen aiki, da Eduardus Halim .

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
[[File:Vladimir_Horowitz_C37292-1.jpg|thumb|309x309px| Horowitz a shekarar 1986]]
{{rquote|right|Not long before Horowitz died, he called [his manager] [[Peter Gelb|Gelb]] and told him he was like family now and he didn’t have to call him &quot;Mr. Horowitz&quot;, he could call him &quot;Maestro.&quot;|''The New York Times''&lt;ref name=&quot;brown20130324&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Brown, Chip |date=2013-03-24 |title=The Operatic Reign of Peter Gelb |pages=MM26 |work=The New York Times Magazine |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/24/magazine/the-epic-ups-and-downs-of-peter-gelb.html?pagewanted=all |access-date=March 21, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
A cikin 1933, a bikin farar hula, Horowitz ya auri Wanda Toscanini, 'yar Arturo Toscanini . Ko da yake Horowitz Bayahude ne kuma Wanda ya kasance Roman Katolika, wannan ba batu ba ne, domin babu ɗayansu da ya kasance masu lura da addini. Domin Wanda bai san [[Rashanci]] ba kuma Horowitz ya san ɗan [[Italiyanci]] kaɗan, harshensu na farko shine [[Faransanci]] . Horowitz ya kasance kusa da matarsa, wanda yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan kaɗan daga wanda Horowitz zai yarda da zargi game da wasansa, kuma ta zauna tare da Horowitz lokacin da ya ki barin gidan a lokacin da yake ciki .  Suna da ɗa ɗaya, Sonia Toscanini Horowitz (1934-1975). Ta samu mummunan rauni a wani hatsarin babur a shekarar 1957 amma ta tsira. Ta rasu a shekara ta 1975.  Ba a tantance ko mutuwarta a Geneva ba, sakamakon yawan shan kwayoyi, ya kasance bisa kuskure ko kuma ta [[Kisan kai|kashe kanta]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;schonberg&quot;&gt;Schonberg, 1992&lt;/ref&gt;

Duk da aurensa, an sami jita-jita na cewa yana [[Jima'in jinsi|liwadi]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;plaskin&quot;&gt;Plaskin, 1983, pp. 52, 56, 338–37, 353.&lt;/ref&gt; Arthur Rubinstein ya ce game da Horowitz cewa &quot;[e] kowa ya san shi kuma ya yarda da shi a matsayin ɗan luwadi.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Plaskin, 1983, p. 162&lt;/ref&gt; David Dubal ya rubuta cewa a cikin shekarun da ya yi tare da Horowitz, babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa likitan octogenarian yana yin jima'i, amma &quot;babu shakka yana da sha'awar jikin namiji kuma yana da wuya a yi jima'i a tsawon rayuwarsa.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Dubal, 1991, p. 16. &quot;During the years I knew him, there were no signs of any sex life and very little talk on the subject. I personally doubt that he was capable of loving a man emotionally, but there was no doubt he was powerfully attracted to the male body and was most likely often sexually frustrated throughout his life.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Dubal yana jin cewa Horowitz ya ƙaddamar da ƙaƙƙarfan sha'awar jima'i a cikin wani yanayi mai ƙarfi na batsa da aka yi magana a cikin wasansa. &lt;ref&gt;Dubal, 1991, pp. 16–17.&lt;/ref&gt; Horowitz, wanda ya musanta cewa shi ɗan luwadi ne, &lt;ref&gt;Dubal, 1991, p. 251.&lt;/ref&gt; ya taɓa yin barkwanci, “[t] a nan akwai ƴan wasan pian iri uku: ƴan pian na Yahudawa, ƴan pian ɗin ɗan luwadi, da miyagu pianists. 

A cikin wata kasida ta mujallar ''The New York Times'' a watan Satumba na 2013, Kenneth Leedom, mataimaki na Horowitz na tsawon shekaru biyar kafin 1955, ya yi iƙirarin kasancewa masoyin Horowitz a asirce: &quot;Mun sami rayuwa mai ban mamaki tare. . . Mutum ne mai wahala, ko kadan. Yana da fushi a cikinsa wanda ba shi da imani. Yawan abincin da na jefa a kasa ko a cinyata. Ya d'auko mayafin ya ciro daga teburin, duk abincin ya tashi. Ya yi fushi, da yawa. Amma sai ya nutsu da dadi. Mai dadi sosai, abin so. Kuma hakika ya ƙaunace ni.” 

A cikin 1940s, Horowitz ya fara ganin likitan kwakwalwa don ƙoƙarin canza yanayin jima'i.   A cikin 1960s da kuma a cikin 1970s, mai wasan pianist ya sami magani na electroshock don [[Babban rashin damuwa|damuwa]] . 

A cikin 1982, Horowitz ya fara amfani da magungunan da aka ba da izinin sha; akwai rahotannin cewa shima yana shan barasa. &lt;ref name=&quot;schonberg&quot;&gt;Schonberg, 1992&lt;/ref&gt; Wasan nasa ya sami raguwar fahimta a wannan lokacin, &lt;ref name=&quot;schonberg&quot; /&gt; tare da wasan kwaikwayonsa na 1983 a Amurka da Japan wanda ya lalace ta hanyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da asarar sarrafa jiki. Wani mai sukar Jafananci ya kwatanta Horowitz da &quot;tabbatacciyar gilashin fure mai fashe.&quot; Ya daina wasa a bainar jama'a tsawon shekaru biyu.

== Shekarun baya ==
[[File:President Ronald Reagan and Nancy Reagan Present Pianist Vladimir Horowitz with The Medal of Freedom in The Roosevelt Room - DPLA - 6be3c9a0130b233d1291fcec5c9e5235.jpg|thumb|250x250px| Horowitz, tare da rakiyar matarsa Wanda Toscanini, ya karbi lambar yabo ta Shugaban kasa na 'Yanci daga Shugaba [[Ronald Reagan]] da Uwargidan Shugaban Kasa Nancy Reagan (suna gabatar masa)]]
A cikin 1985, Horowitz, baya shan magani ko shan barasa, ya koma yin aiki da wakokin. bayyanarsa na farko bayan ritaya ba a kan mataki ba, amma a cikin fim din fim ''Vladimir Horowitz: Ƙarshen Romantic'' . A yawancin wasan kwaikwayonsa na baya, ɗan wasan pian octogenarian ya maye gurbin finesse da launi don bravura, kodayake har yanzu yana da ikon yin fa'idar fasaha.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2021}}Yawancin masu sukar, ciki har da Harold C. Schonberg , sun ji cewa wasan kwaikwayon na 1985 da rikodi sun kasance mafi kyawun shekarunsa na baya.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2021}}

A 1986, Horowitz ya sanar da cewa zai koma Tarayyar Soviet a karo na farko tun 1925 don ba da recitals a Moscow da kuma [[Saint-Petersburg|Leningrad]] . A cikin sabon yanayi na sadarwa da fahimtar juna tsakanin USSR da Amurka, ana ganin waɗannan kide-kide a matsayin al'amuran siyasa, da kuma kida, mahimmanci.  Yawancin tikitin wasan kwaikwayo na Moscow an kebe su ne don manyan Soviet kuma kaɗan ne aka sayar wa jama'a. Wannan ya haifar da da yawa daga cikin ɗaliban Conservatory na Moscow sun yi karo da wasan kide-kide, &lt;ref&gt;[[Charles Kuralt]] liner notes for ''Horowitz in Moscow'' CD&lt;/ref&gt; wanda ke saurare ga masu kallon karatun talabijin na duniya. An fitar da wasan kwaikwayo na Moscow akan ƙaramin faifai mai suna ''Horowitz a Moscow'', wanda ya yi sarauta a saman ginshiƙi na kiɗan gargajiya na Billboard sama da shekara guda. Hakanan an sake shi akan VHS kuma, a ƙarshe, DVD. Har ila yau, an ga taron kide-kide a kan Buga na Musamman na ''Labaran CBS Sunday Morning'' tare da rahoton Charles Kuralt daga Moscow.

Bayan wasannin kide-kide na Russia, Horowitz ya zagaya biranen Turai da dama, ciki har da Berlin, Amsterdam, da kuma London. A watan Yuni, Horowitz ya fanshi kansa ga Jafananci tare da wasan kwaikwayo guda uku da suka samu karbuwa a Tokyo. Daga baya a waccan shekarar an ba shi lambar yabo ta Shugaban Kasa na 'Yanci, babbar girmamawa ta farar hula da Amurka ta ba Shugaba [[Ronald Reagan]] .

Yawon shakatawa na karshe na Horowitz ya faru a Turai a cikin bazaran shekarar 1987. An sake yin rikodin bidiyo na karatun jama'a, ''Horowitz a Vienna'', a cikin 1991. Karatunsa na ƙarshe, a Musikhalle Hamburg, Jamus, ya faru a ranar 21 ga Yuni, 1987. An yi rikodin wasan kwaikwayo, amma ba a sake shi ba sai 2008. &lt;ref&gt;James Leonard, [https://www.allmusic.com/album/horowitz-in-hamburg-the-last-concert-mw0001857907 Horowitz in Hamburg: The Last Concert], [Review], [[AllMusic]]. (n.d.) ''(Retrieved 2021-03-06.)''&lt;/ref&gt; Ya ci gaba da yin rikodi har tsawon rayuwarsa.

Vladimir Horowitz ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Nuwamba, 1989, a birnin New York na [[ciwon zuciya]], yana da shekaru 86.   An binne shi a cikin kabarin dangin Toscanini a Cimitero Monumentale, [[Milano|Milan]], Italiya. 

== Repertoire, fasaha da salon wasan kwaikwayon ==
[[File:Vladimir_Horowitz_1986.jpg|thumb|312x312px| Horowitz a cikin 1986 a Concertgebouw a [[Amsterdam]]]]
Horowitz sananne ne don wasan kwaikwayonsa na [[Romanticism|Romantic]] [[piano repertoire]]. Mutane da yawa &lt;ref&gt;See, e.g., [[Joachim Kaiser]] and Klaus Bennert, Grosse Pianisten in Unserer Zeit (1997)&lt;/ref&gt; sunyi la'akari da rikodin farko na Horowitz na Liszt Sonata a cikin ƙananan B a cikin 1932 don zama madaidaicin karatun wannan yanki, ko da bayan fiye da shekaru 75 da fiye da 100 wasanni da wasu pianists suka yi. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;This colossal account of Liszt's great, arching tone-poem for piano...has never really been surpassed for technical authority.&quot; ''The Sunday Times'', 3 January 2010&lt;/ref&gt; Sauran guda tare da abin da yake da alaƙa da su shine Scriabin's Étude a cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan, Chopin's Ballade No. 1, da kuma yawancin Rachmaninoff miniatures, ciki har da ''Polka de WR'' . An yaba wa Horowitz saboda rikodin da ya yi na Rachmaninoff Piano Concerto No. 3, da kuma wasan da ya yi kafin Rachmaninoff ya ba wa mawaƙa, wanda ya ce &quot;ya haɗiye shi gaba ɗaya. Yana da ƙarfin hali, ƙarfi, jajircewa”. Horowitz kuma an san shi da wasan kwaikwayonsa na natsuwa, ayyuka masu kusanci, ciki har da Schumann's ''Kinderszenen'', Scarlatti's keyboard sonatas, keyboard sonatas ta Clementi da Mozart da Haydn sonatas da yawa. Rikodin nasa na Scarlatti da Clementi suna da daraja musamman, kuma ana yaba masa da cewa ya taimaka wajen farfado da sha'awar mawaƙan biyu, waɗanda ba a cika yin rubuce-rubucen ayyukansu ba a farkon rabin farkon ƙarni na 20. 

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Horowitz ya lashe kade-kaden wakokin Rasha na zamani, inda ya baiwa wakokin Amurkan na farko a Prokofiev's Piano Sonatas No. 6, 7 da 8 (wanda ake kira &quot;War Sonatas&quot;) da Kabalevsky 's Piano Sonatas No. 2 da 3. Horowitz kuma ya ƙaddamar da Piano Sonata da na Samuel Barber .

An san shi da nau'ikan wakokin sa na yawancin Liszt's ''Hungarian Rhapsodies''. An yi rikodin ''Rhapsody na biyu'' a cikin 1953, a lokacin bikin cika shekaru 25 na Horowitz a Carnegie Hall, kuma ya ce shi ne mafi wahala a cikin shirye-shiryensa. &lt;ref name=&quot;schonberg&quot;&gt;Schonberg, 1992&lt;/ref&gt; Rubuce-rubucen bayanin kula na Horowitz sun haɗa da ''bambancin abubuwan da ya rubuta akan jigo daga Carmen'' da ''The Stars and Stripes Forever'' by John Philip Sousa . Ƙarshen ya zama abin da aka fi so tare da masu sauraro, waɗanda za su yi tsammanin aikin sa a matsayin ƙaddamarwa. Rubuce-rubucen a gefe, Horowitz baya adawa da canza rubutun abubuwan da aka tsara don inganta abin da ya ɗauka &quot;rubutun da ba a so&quot; ko kuma rashin tsari ba. A cikin 1940, tare da yardar mawaƙa, Horowitz ya ƙirƙiri bugun wasan nasa na Rachmaninoff's Piano Sonata na biyu daga sigar 1913 na asali da 1931 da aka bita, waɗanda 'yan wasan pian ciki har da Ruth Laredo da Hélène Grimaud  suka yi amfani da su. Ya sake rubuta ''Hotunan'' Mussorgsky sosai a wani nunin don sa aikin ya fi tasiri a kan cewa Mussorgsky ba ɗan pian ba ne kuma bai fahimci yuwuwar kayan aikin ba. Horowitz kuma ya canza gajerun wurare a wasu ayyuka, kamar maye gurbin octaves masu haɗaka don ma'aunin chromatic a Chopin's Scherzo a cikin ƙananan B. Wannan ya bambanta da yawancin ƴan wasan pian na zamanin bayan–ƙarni na 19, waɗanda suka ɗauki sacrosanct rubutun mawaƙa. Mawaƙa masu rai waɗanda ayyukansu Horowitz ya buga (a tsakanin su Rachmaninoff, Prokofiev, da Poulenc ) koyaushe suna yaba ayyukan Horowitz na aikinsu ko da lokacin da ya ɗauki 'yanci tare da maki.

Tafsirin Horowitz ya samu karbuwa daga masu sauraron kade-kade, amma ba wasu masu suka ba. Virgil Thomson ya ci gaba da sukar Horowitz a matsayin &quot;masanin murdiya da ƙari&quot; a cikin sharhinsa da ke bayyana a cikin ''New York Herald Tribune'' . Horowitz ya yi iƙirarin ɗaukar kalaman Thomson a matsayin abin yabawa, yana mai cewa [[Michelangelo]] da El Greco su ma “masu iya karkacewa ne”.  A cikin bugu na 1980 na ''Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', Michael Steinberg ya rubuta cewa Horowitz &quot;ya kwatanta cewa kyautar kayan aiki mai ban mamaki ba ta da garanti game da fahimtar kiɗa.&quot; Harold C. Schonberg, mai sukar kiɗa na ''[[New York Times]]'', ya ce masu sharhi irin su Thomson da Steinberg ba su da masaniya game da ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙarni na 19 waɗanda ke sanar da tsarin kiɗan Horowitz. Yawancin ’yan pian (irin su Martha Argerich da Maurizio Pollini ) suna riƙe Horowitz da daraja sosai,   da kuma ɗan wasan pian Friedrich Gulda suna kiran Horowitz a matsayin “over-Allah na piano”.

Salon Horowitz yakan ƙunshi bambance-bambance na masu ɗorewa, tare da ɗumbin nau'ikan fortissimos guda biyu suna biye da pianissimos kwatsam. Ya sami damar samar da ƙarar sauti mai ban mamaki daga piano ba tare da samar da sauti mai tsauri ba. Ya fitar da kewayon launi na tonal na musamman, kuma taut, madaidaicin harin ya kasance sananne har ma a cikin fassararsa na ɓangarorin da ba sa buƙatar fasaha kamar Chopin Mazurkas . An san shi da fasahar octave ; zai iya kunna madaidaicin sashe a cikin octaves da sauri da sauri. Lokacin da dan wasan pian Tedd Joselson ya tambaye shi yadda ya yi octaves, Horowitz ya ba da zanga-zanga kuma Joselson ya ruwaito, &quot;Ya aikata su kamar yadda aka koya mana duka.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;schonberg&quot;&gt;Schonberg, 1992&lt;/ref&gt; Harvey Sachs mai sukar kiɗa da tarihin rayuwa ya ƙaddamar da cewa Horowitz na iya kasancewa &quot;mai cin gajiyar - kuma watakila ma wanda aka azabtar - na tsarin kulawa na tsakiya mai ban mamaki da kuma madaidaicin hankali ga launin sauti.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Harvey Sachs, &quot;Virtuoso&quot;, Thames and Hudson, 1982&lt;/ref&gt; Oscar Levant, a cikin littafinsa ''The Memoirs of an Amnesiac'', ya rubuta cewa octaves na Horowitz sun kasance &quot;masu haske, daidai kuma sun kasance kamar harsashi.&quot; Ya tambayi Horowitz &quot;ko ya tura su gaba ko ya dauke su tare da shi a yawon shakatawa.&quot;

Matsayin Horowitz ya kasance sabon abu domin dabino sau da yawa yana ƙasa da matakin saman maɓalli. Yana yawan buga kida da yatsu madaidaici, kuma dan yatsan hannun dama yakan dunkule har sai an buga rubutu; ga Harold C. Schonberg, &quot;kamar yajin kurma ne.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;schonberg&quot;&gt;Schonberg, 1992&lt;/ref&gt; Don duk jin daɗin wasansa, Horowitz da kyar ya ɗaga hannuwansa sama sama da allo na [[wiktionary:fallboard|piano]] . Byron Janis, daya daga cikin daliban Horowitz, ya ce Horowitz ya yi kokarin koya masa wannan dabarar amma hakan bai yi masa aiki ba.  Jikin Horowitz ba ya motsi, kuma ba kasafai fuskarsa ke nuna wani abu ba face tsananin maida hankali.

Horowitz ya fi son yin wasannin sa a ranakun Lahadi, saboda yana jin masu sauraro sun fi hutawa kuma sun fi mai da hankali fiye da maraice na ranar mako.

== Kyaututtuka da karramawa ==
'''Kyautar Grammy don Mafi Kyawun Ayyukan Al'ada - Soloist Instrumental ko Soloists (tare da ko ba tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa ba)'''

* 1968 ''Horowitz in Concert: Haydn, Schumann, Scriabin, Debussy, Mozart, Chopin'' (Columbia 45572)
* 1969 ''Horowitz akan Talabijin: Chopin, Scriabin, Scarlatti, Horowitz'' (Columbia 7106)
* 1987 ''Horowitz: Rikodin Studio, New York 1985'' (Deutsche Grammophon 419217)

'''Kyautar Grammy don Mafi kyawun Ayyukan Soloist(s) Instrumental (tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa)'''

* 1979 ''Ƙwallon Jubilee na Zinariya'', ''Rachmaninoff: Piano Concerto No. 3'' (RCA CLR1 2633)
* 1989 ''Horowitz Yana Kunna Mozart: Piano Concerto No. 23'' (Deutsche Grammophon 423287)

'''Kyautar Grammy don Mafi kyawun Ayyukan Soloist Instrumental (ba tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa ba)'''

* 1963 Rikodin ''Columbia ya gabatar da Vladimir Horowitz''
* 1964 ''Sautin Horowitz''
* 1965 ''Vladimir Horowitz ya buga Beethoven, Debussy, Chopin''
* 1966 ''Horowitz a zauren Carnegie - Komawar Tarihi''
* 1972 ''Horowitz yana wasa Rachmaninoff (Etudes-Tableaux Piano Music; Sonatas)'' (Columbia M-30464)
* 1973 ''Horowitz Plays Chopin'' (Columbia M-30643)
* 1974 ''Horowitz Plays Scriabin'' (Columbia M-31620)
* 1977 ''The Horowitz Concerts 1975/76'' (RCA ARL1-1766)
* 1979 ''The Horowitz Concerts 1977/78'' (RCA ARL1-2548)
* 1980 ''The Horowitz Concerts 1978/79'' (RCA ARL1-3433)
* 1982 ''The Horowitz Concerts 1979/80'' (RCA ARL1-3775)
* 1988 ''Horowitz a Moscow'' (Deutsche Grammophon 419499)
* 1991 ''Rikodi na Ƙarshe'' (Sony SK 45818)
* 1993 ''Horowitz Abubuwan Da Aka Gano: Chopin, Liszt, Scarlatti, Scriabin, Clementi'' (Sony 48093)

'''Kyautar Grammy don Kyautattun Album Na Gargajiya''' :

* 1963 Rikodin ''Columbia ya gabatar da Vladimir Horowitz''
* 1966 ''Horowitz a Hall Carnegie: Komawar Tarihi''
* 1972 ''Horowitz Yana kunna Rachmaninoff (Etudes-Tableaux Piano Music; Sonatas)''
* 1978 ''Concert na Ƙarni'' tare da Leonard Bernstein (mai gudanarwa), New York Philharmonic, Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, Vladimir Horowitz, Yehudi Menuhin, Mstislav Rostropovich, Isaac Stern, Lyndon Woodside
* 1987 ''Horowitz: Rikodin Studio, New York 1985'' (Deutsche Grammophon 419217)
* 1988 ''Horowitz a Moscow'' (Deutsche Grammophon 419499)

'''Kyautar Nasarar Rayuwar Grammy, 1990'''

'''Prix Mondial du Disque'''

* 1970 ''Kreisleriana''

'''Kyaututtuka daban-daban'''

* 1972 - Memba mai girma na Royal Academy of Music (London) 
* 1982 - Kyautar Gidauniyar Wolf don Kiɗa
* 1985 - Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur daga Gwamnatin Faransa
* 1985 - Order of Merit na Jamhuriyar Italiya
* 1986 – Lambar Yanci na Shugabancin Amurka
* 1988 - Jerin Ƙungiyoyin Bow Tie na Ƙasa na 10 Mafi Kyawun Bow Tie Wearers na 1988 &lt;ref&gt;Anthony Tommasini, [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/25/arts/horowitz-at-85-still-playing-free.html Horowitz at 85: Still Playing Free], ''The New York Times'', Sunday, September 25, 1988&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2012 - Gidan Fame na ''Gramophone'' 

=== Bayanan kula ===
 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Littattafai ==

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* [http://drs.library.yale.edu:8083/saxon/SaxonServlet?style=http://drs.library.yale.edu:8083/saxon/EAD/yul.ead2002.xhtml.xsl&amp;source=http://drs.library.yale.edu:8083/fedora/get/music:mss.0055/EAD Takardun Horowitz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308145154/http://drs.library.yale.edu:8083/saxon/SaxonServlet?style=http%3A%2F%2Fdrs.library.yale.edu%3A8083%2Fsaxon%2FEAD%2Fyul.ead2002.xhtml.xsl&amp;source=http%3A%2F%2Fdrs.library.yale.edu%3A8083%2Ffedora%2Fget%2Fmusic%3Amss.0055%2FEAD |date=2012-03-08 }} a Irving S. Gilmore Music Library, Jami'ar Yale
* [http://www.deutschegrammophon.com/en/cat/result?ART_ID=HORVL Vladimir Horowitz a Deutsche Grammophon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202230914/https://www.deutschegrammophon.com/en/cat/result?ART_ID=HORVL |date=2019-12-02 }}
* [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/272128/Vladimir-Horowitz Vladimir Horowitz a Encyclopædia Britannica]
* Vladimir Horowitz  
* {{IMDb name|0395332}}  
* [http://www.45worlds.com/78rpm/artist/vladimir-horowitz/all Shiga a 45worlds.com]
{{Vladimir Horowitz}}{{Navboxes|title=Awards for Vladimir Horowitz|list={{Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award}}
{{Gramophone Hall of Fame}}
{{National Medal of Arts recipients 1980s|state=autocollapse}}}}{{Arturo Toscanini}} {{Authority control}}
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  <page>
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'''Abderrahmane Boushaki,''' ({{Lang-ar|عبد الرحمان بن علي بوسحاقي}}  ''Abderrahmane ibn Ali al-Boushaki)'' (1896 CE - 1985 CE), sojan Aljeriya ne kuma dan siyasa wanda ya halarci [[Yaƙin Duniya na I]], [[:en:Algerian National Movement|kungiyar gwagwarmayar Aljeriya]] da barkewar [[:en:Algerian War|yakin 'yancin kai na Aljeriya]].&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6475945b/f43.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://abdenour-boushaki.blogspot.com/2019/07/abderrahmane-boushaki.html&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ilimi ==
An haifi Boushaki, a cikin shekarar 1883 a ƙauyen Soumâa kudu da birnin Thenia na yanzu,&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/31120095/Montagne-Thala-Oufella-Soum%C3%A2a-de-Th%C3%A9nia&lt;/ref&gt; kimanin kilomita 50 gabas da babban birnin [[Aljir]], kuma danginsa sun fito ne daga masanin tauhidin [[Malikiyya|Malikit]] [[Sidi Boushaki]] (1394-1453), wanda kuma ya kafa [[Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki]] a shekara ta 1440 a cikin karni na 15.&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimonde.com/article/Zaou%C3%AFa_de_Sidi_Boushaki&lt;/ref&gt;

Mahaifinsa shi ne Ali Boushaki (1855-1965),&lt;ref&gt;https://abdenour-boushaki.blogspot.com/2019/07/ali-boushaki.html&lt;/ref&gt; Muqaddam na Tariqa Rahmaniyyah a Lower Kabylia, yayin da mahaifiyarsa Lallahoum Ishak Boushaki, zuriya ce kamar mijinta na masanin tauhidi Sidi Boushaki a reshen ƙauyen Meraldene.

Kakansa Mohamed Boushaki (1838-1893), wanda aka fi sani da Moh Ouali, shi ma Muqaddam na Tariqa da kansa da kakansa na uba da na uwa sun kasance [[Liman|limamai]] [[musulmi]] kamar yadda 'yan uwansa suke.&lt;ref&gt;https://abdenour-boushaki.blogspot.com/2019/07/mohamed-seghir-boushaki.html&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannan ya sami ilimin addini bisa ga mahangar Musulunci ta Aljeriya a mazhabobin sufanci guda uku na [[Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki]], [[Zawiyet Sidi Boumerdassi]] da [[Zawiyet Sidi Amar Cherif]], da kuma wayewar siyasa bisa akidar kishin kasa ta Aljeriya karkashin jagorancinsa. Kawun mahaifinsa [[Mohamed Seghir Boushaki]] (1869-1959).&lt;ref&gt;https://france2.wiki/wiki/Mohamed_Seghir_Boushaki{{Dead link|date=February 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bd6t545757w/f8.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k75841984/f6.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

Baya ga ayyukansa na ilimi a wannan muhallin [[Sufiyya|Sufi]], ya yi aikin noma da kiwo a kusa da kauyukan Meraldene, Tabrahimt, Gueddara, Azela da Mahrane.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6586446v/f1.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k63719824/f2.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/31120138/Montagne-Tabrahimt-de-Th%C3%A9nia&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yaƙin Duniya na I ==
[[File:Rue Yahia Boushaki - Thénia - Boumerdès.jpg|thumb|[[Titin Yahia Boushaki]]]]
Tun bayan barkewar [[Yaƙin Duniya na I]] an bukaci Boushaki da ya garzaya gaban soja a Faransa tare da gayyatar dubban matasan Aljeriya don shiga yakin da ake yi da Dakarun mulkin mallaka na Jamus domin musanyawa da alkawuran hakkin farar hula da na siyasa wanda zai kasance da aka bai wa ƴan ƙasar Aljeriya idan sun yi nasara.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6475945b/f43.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://orientxxi.info/l-orient-dans-la-guerre-1914-1918/les-algeriens-dans-la-premiere-guerre-mondiale,1157 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-03-22 |archive-date=2023-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004115141/https://orientxxi.info/l-orient-dans-la-guerre-1914-1918/les-algeriens-dans-la-premiere-guerre-mondiale,1157 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wadannan alkawuran da gwamnatin Aljeriya ta mamaya da Faransawa suka yi wa wadannan matasa shi ne na ba su lada ta hanyar bai wa Aljeriya yancin kai, ko kuma a kalla a daidaita aljeriya da matsugunan kasashen waje wajen hakki da aikin zama dan kasa, duk kuwa da fatawowin da wasu malaman tauhidin Aljeriya suka yi na hana su shiga aikin sojojin Faransa.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.cairn.info/histoire-de-l-algerie-a-la-periode-coloniale--9782707178374-page-229.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga nan sai Boushaki ya shiga cikin shekarar 1914 tare da musulmin Aljeriya kusan 173,000 a cikin Sojojin Faransa (80,000 da aka kira da 60,000), a karkashin aikin soja na tilas da aka gabatar a cikin shekarar 1912, wanda ya kasance mai ban sha'awa da farko kuma ya shiga aikin soja na tilas daga shekara ta 1916.&lt;ref&gt;http://sourcesdelagrandeguerre.fr/?p=3240&lt;/ref&gt;

An ba shi aikin soja na 1st Aljeriya 'yan bindiga rejimenti wanda kusan 26,000, suka mutu ko suka ɓace a ƙarshen babban yaƙin.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6335699h/f9.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/consultationIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_051037&amp;udId=cwczeut4k3g--u6qfe0ls997w&amp;details=true&amp;gotoArchivesNums=false&amp;auSeinIR=true&lt;/ref&gt;

Yayin da yake fafutuka a fagen daga, gwamnatin mulkin mallaka a Aljeriya ta yi wa iyalinsa alkawurran samun fa'idodi kamar su alawus alawus, albashi mai kama da na Faransanci, fansho da alawus-alawus.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k63719824/f2.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga baya an ji masa rauni a shekara ta 1916 kuma yankan da aka yi masa ya sa ya samu karin girma zuwa matsayin kofur a cikin sojojin Algerian masu fafutuka har zuwa karshen tashin hankali a Faransa.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6586446v/f1.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.france24.com/fr/20140130-premiere-guerre-mondiale-troupes-maghreb-tirailleurs-marocains-algeriens&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sojojin da suka mutu tsakanin shekarar 1914 zuwa 1918 ==
[[File:Bordeaux, août 1914, Tirailleurs algériens place du Pont.jpg|thumb|'Yan Aljeriya ranar Agusta 1914.]]
Sojoji da dama da aka tura tare da Abderrahmane Boushaki a yankin Thénia (tsohon Ménerville) sun mutu a yaƙe-yaƙe na Babban Yaƙin tsakanin shekarar 1914 zuwa 1918, don lura da haka:&lt;ref&gt;https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/rechercheconsultation/consultation/ir/consultationIR.action?irId=FRAN_IR_051037&amp;udId=cwczeut4k3g--u6qfe0ls997w&amp;details=true&amp;gotoArchivesNums=false&amp;auSeinIR=true&lt;/ref&gt;
# '''Ahmed Boumachou''', an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Nuwamba Shekara ta alif 1896, kuma ya rasu a ranar 2 ga watan Satumba shekarar 1918.
# '''Ahmed Mazouz''', an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 1896, kuma ya rasu a ranar 11 ga watan Yuni shekarar 1918.
# '''Ali Amraoui''', an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairu shekara ta 1898, kuma ya rasu a ranar 14 ga watan Yuli shekarar 1918.
# '''Ali Bouhedi''', wanda ake kyautata zaton an haife shi a shekara ta 1890, kuma ya rasu a ranar 12 ga watan Satumban shekarar 1916.
# '''Ali Mechem''', an haife shi a ranar 11 ga watan Janairu shekara ta  1897, kuma ya rasu a ranar 16 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 1917.
# '''Ali Mezali''', an haife shi a ranar 13, ga watan Mayu shekara ta 1894, kuma ya rasu a ranar 6 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1916.
# '''Amer Takoucht''', wanda aka zaci an haife shi a shekara ta 1897, kuma ya mutu a ranar 31 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 1918.
# '''Ameur Belhabchia''', wanda ake zaton an haife shi a shekara ta 1888, kuma ya mutu a ranar 12 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1916.
# '''Hamidah Tirsatine''', wanda ake kyautata zaton an haife ta a shekara ta 1894, kuma ta rasu a ranar 8 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 1919.
# '''Lounès Baki''', an haife shi a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1894, kuma ya mutu a ranar 11 ga watan Maris shekarar 1916.
# '''Mohamed Agha''', an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 1897, kuma ya rasu a ranar 13 ga watan Mayu shekarar 1919.
# '''Mohamed Agourat''', wanda ake kyautata zaton an haife shi a shekara ta 1872, kuma ya rasu a ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba shekarar ta 1916.
# '''Mohamed Draoui''', wanda ake kyautata zaton an haife shi a shekara ta 1897, kuma ya mutu a ranar 20 ga watan Maris shekarar 1919.
# '''Mohamed Firas''', wanda ake kyautata zaton an haife shi a shekara ta 1892, kuma ya rasu a ranar 15 ga watan Maris shekarar 1916.
# '''Mohamed Razibaoune''', an haife shi a ranar 19 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1897, kuma ya mutu a ranar 11 ga watan Maris shekarar 1917.
# '''Mohamed Haddad''', wanda ake kyautata zaton an haife shi a shekara ta 1890, kuma ya rasu a ranar 22 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 1916.
# '''Mohamed Kordali''', wanda ake kyautata zaton an haife shi a shekara ta 1892, kuma ya mutu a ranar 20 ga watan Yuli shekarar 1918.
# '''Mohamed Sida''', an haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 1897, kuma ya mutu a ranar 29 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 1918.
# '''Mohamed Taghezoult''', an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Yuni shekara ta 1898, kuma ya mutu a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 1919.
# '''Mohamed Talibi''', an haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 1898, kuma ya rasu a ranar 14 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 1919.
# '''Rabah Amalou''', wanda ake kyautata zaton an haife shi a shekara ta 1897, kuma ya rasu a ranar 29 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 1918.
# '''Rabah Tariket''', an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 1896, kuma ya rasu a ranar 11 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 1918.
# '''Saïd Younès''', an haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan Yuli shekara ta 1897, kuma ya mutu a ranar 14 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 1918.
# '''Slimane Mermat''', wanda aka zaci an haife shi a shekara ta 1895, kuma ya mutu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 1918.

== Ƙungiyar Nakasassu da Tsohon Sojoji ==
Boushaki, ya shiga kungiyar da ake kira Ƙungiyar Nakasassu da Tsohon Sojoji ({{Lang-fr|Amicale des Mutilés et Anciens Combattants du Département d'Alger}}) domin ya kiyaye haƙƙinsa na ɗabi'a da na abin duniya da na marayu da iyayen sauran sojojin Aljeriya waɗanda suka shiga aikin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I]].&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k63719824/f2.item.r=Abderrahmane+Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6586446v/f1.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya yi aiki tare da Mohamed Belhocine (1893-1972), tsohon caïd na Béni-Zmenzer a Tizi Ouzou, laftanar, wanda aka yi masa ado da lambar yabo ta soja, Croix de guerre 1914-1918 da Knight na Legion of Honour, don kiyaye muradun mayaƙan da suka fito da rai daga munanan yaƙi.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k7600762c/f2.item.r=Mohamed+Belhocine.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.dz/books?id=zK-hAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA216&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.dz/books?id=zK-hAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA318&lt;/ref&gt;

== Harkar Siyasa ==
Bayan ya dawo daga fagen daga Faransa, Boushaki ya yanke jiki ya kuma shafe shekaru da dama yana fama da tabo na munanan fadan da ke jikinsa.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6586446v/f1.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5328689k/f17.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannan ya auri Khedauedj Boumerdassi, wanda kakansa Sidi Boumerdassi ya kafa Zawiya na Sidi Boumerdassi, kuma kauyensa Ouled Boumerdès yana da tazarar kilomita kadan daga kauyensa na Soumâa.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k63719824/f2.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 1935, matarsa ​​ta haifi yaro Yahia Boushaki, wanda ya ba shi farin ciki, kuma ya dauki nauyin karantar da shi a kan daidaita Sufanci da kishin kasa na soja mai cin gashin kansa.&lt;ref&gt;https://abdenour-boushaki.blogspot.com/2019/07/yahia-boushaki.html&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga nan sai ya yi tafiya tare da dan uwansa daga Meraldene mai suna Aliouat Ishak Boushaki,&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5329527f/f26.item.r=Boushaki+Aliouat.zoom&lt;/ref&gt; wanda soja ne a cikin runduna ta 6 ta masu fafutuka ta Aljeriya, tafiya ta siyasa zuwa Thenia, Boudouaou da Algiers a cikin wadannan garuruwa biyu na mulkin mallaka ta hanyar mika iyalansu. daga kauyukan Soumâa da Meraldene zuwa garuruwan Thénia (Ménerville) da Boudouaou (Alma) bi da bi.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5329088d/f15.item.r=Ishak+Boushaki+Aliouat.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5328689k/f18.item.r=Ishak+Bouslaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamar wani dan uwansa Rabah Ishak Boushaki shi ma daga Meraldene, wanda soja ne a rukunin manyan bindigogi na farko na Afirka, rabon sa da kuma tsira bayan yakin duniya na 1914-1918 zai zo ne ta hanyar da'awar kare [[hakkokin ɗan'adam]] na iyalansu. da na Aljeriya daga gare shi.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5329264p/f16.item.r=Boushaki+Meraldene.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65428850/f41.item.r=Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k64205666/f3.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani wanda ya tsira daga abokin gaban Bajamushe shi ne Rabah Benzerga, wanda shi ne Sajan a runduna ta farko ta Aljeriya, kuma ta fito daga kauyen Azib-Merabtine kusa da Si Mustapha (tsohon Félix-Faure), wanda gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta karbe shi. kantin kayan miya a Thénia bayan dawowa daga yakin.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6475945b/f43.item.r=Benzerga+Rabah.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

== Masallatai ==
Daya daga cikin manyan sakamakon halartar da dama na 'yan uwa da kuma makwabta Abderrahmane Boushaki a cikin jini haraji a lokacin babban Yaƙin, tare da kusan talatin daga cikinsu sun mutu a matsayin soja shahidai a [[Faransa]], shi ne gina wani masallaci domin musulmi bauta ( ibadah) a garin Thenia na mulkin mallaka.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k75849999/f5.item.r=Nait+Saidi+Menerville.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k63694564/f2.item.r=Nait+Saidi.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

Hakika, zuwan daga Azeffun dan kasuwa Mohamed Naït Saïdi (1900-1981) a kasar Thénia ya sa aka samu damar gina wannan masallaci a 1934 da kuma kewayensa da wani katafaren ginin Islama wanda ya kunshi rijiya, hammam, gidan biredi, wurin kwana na fasinjoji, shaguna da gidajen zama.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5683376r/f1.item.r=Nait+Saidi.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

Surukin Kofur Boushaki, Imam Ali Boumerdassi, shi ne aka nada shi a matsayin limamin wa'azi na farko a wannan masallacin da ke tsakiyar birnin, kuma magajinsa sun fito daga kauyuka biyu na Soumâa da Meraldene.&lt;ref&gt;http://wikimapia.org/9663928/Mosqu%C3%A9e-El-Feth-de-Th%C3%A9nia&lt;/ref&gt;

Wannan cudanya ta addini da mazauna kauyukan da ke kewaye da su cikin rayuwar ruhi na garuruwan ‘yan mulkin mallaka sannan ya baiwa Abderrahmane Boushaki damar shiga cikin nadin dan uwansa Imam Hamidah Ishak Boushaki a matsayin Bash Hezzab a Djamaa el Kebir a Algiers, da na kaninsa Imam Brahim Boushaki. kamar yadda Hizab kuma a masallacin Safir da ke cikin [[Casbah na Algiers]].&lt;ref&gt;https://abdenour-boushaki.blogspot.com/2019/07/brahim-boushaki-arabe-kabyle-o-est-un.html&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fasinja na kauyuka ==
[[File:Mderiche.jpg|thumb|Mohamed Deriche]]
Ba za a iya kafa shirye-shiryen siyasa na kwas din 'yancin kai ba a kan tsarin zamantakewar ƙauyen da ke fama da matsalolin zamantakewa, Boushaki ya yi aiki tare da dan majalisar kawunsa [[Mohamed Seghir Boushaki]] tare da Bachagha Mohamed Deriche don kwantar da yankin karkara na Thénia daga fashewa. da laifuka.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k75826757/f2.item.r=Boushaki+Deriche.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

Wannan aikin tsaro ya ba da tabbaci a ƙauyukan da ke kusa da Thénia natsuwar mazaunan da hukumomin gudanarwa da shari'a na kotun birni suka tanadar,&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/31089907/Tribunal-de-Th%C3%A9nia&lt;/ref&gt; baya ga tsarin gargajiya na al'ada da dokokin ƙauye.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bd6t5440400/f4.item.r=Boushaki+Deriche.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

Amma yanayi mai nauyi da takurawa na mulkin mallaka na Faransa a kan 'yan kasar bai kawar da bukatar da kuma wajabcin kiyaye tsarin sirri don warware matsalolin ƙauye ba, kuma ta haka ne Kofur Boushaki ya shiga cikin inuwa don girmama 'yan fashi da kuma barasa na Aljeriya. wanda ya gudu daga mulkin Faransa saboda dalilai na kishin ƙasa, kamar Mohamed Mechkarini.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k75813539/f2.item.r=Mechkarini.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yakin 'Yancin Aljeriya ==
[[File:Ferme Gautier.jpg|thumb|Ferme Gauthier]]
[[File:Rue Yahia Boushaki (2) - Thénia - Boumerdès.jpg|thumb|[[Titin Yahia Boushaki]]]]
Alkawarin kafa Kofur Boushaki a juyin juya halin Aljeriya a shekara ta 1954 bai dade ba, kuma ya kasance mai azama sakamakon shirye-shiryen siyasa da soja na dansa Yahia Boushaki domin ya zama jagora mai inganci kuma mai inganci a fagen yaki da sojoji. Sojojin Faransa a yankin Thénia, kuma ta tsawaita a makwabciyar Kabylia da Mitidja.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.aps.dz/algerie/135156-le-ministre-des-moudjahidines-presente-ses-condoleances-suite-au-deces-du-moudjahid-rabah-rahmoune&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.aps.dz/ar/regions/49053-2017-10-29-11-05-35&lt;/ref&gt;

Hakika, wannan tsohon sojan da bai bar gidansa da ke Soumâa ba tun dawowar sa daga Faransa a shekara ta 1919, hakan ya ba shi damar sakar wata hanyar siyasa da ta tayar da kayar baya tare da matasan 'yan gwagwarmaya na Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties (MTLD). da Ƙungiya ta Musamman (OS) waɗanda suka kasance a shirye kuma suka horar da su don wargajewa da kuma kawar da tsarin mulkin mallaka a yankin Thénia da Aljeriya gaba ɗaya.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.aps.dz/ar/algerie/120842-2022-02-06-15-40-33&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.djazairess.com/akhbarelyoum/225204 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-03-22 |archive-date=2022-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417085852/https://www.djazairess.com/akhbarelyoum/225204 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ta haka ne kauyen Soumâa, ban da batun musulmi da tauhidi, ya zama matattarar mayaka na kungiyar 'yantar da 'yanci ta kasa (FLN) da National Liberation Army (ALN) kamar su Rabah Rahmoune, Ali Touzout, Mohamed Bouchatal, Saïd Baki da sauransu. Mujahid.&lt;ref&gt;https://elmaouid.dz/%d9%88%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%87%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%8a%d8%b9%d8%b2%d9%8a-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%88%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%b6/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://bak-press.dz/site/news/s/8725/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3%3A-%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AD {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004115213/https://bak-press.dz/site/news/s/8725/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3:-%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AD |date=2023-10-04 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Wannan yanayi na jin dadi ya koma baya a lokacin da sojojin Faransa na kasa-da-kasa suka yi ruwan bama-bamai a kauyen Soumâa da ke tafe daga Thénia a wajen Tamsaout a ranar 23 ga Afrilu, 1957 sannan suka lalata zawiyet Sidi Boushaki da makabartar malamin tauhidi Sidi Boushaki ta hanyar binne mujahidai a karkashin gwamnatin Masar rushewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.djazairess.com/elmassa/142106 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-03-22 |archive-date=2022-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417085834/https://www.djazairess.com/elmassa/142106 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Duk da cewa Abderrahmane Boushaki ya nunawa sojojin lambar yabo da kofunan sa a matsayinsa na tsohon soja don hana su ruguza kauyen, duk mazaunan da suka hada da tsofaffi da yara, an kori su tare da kebe su a sansanonin SAS na Tidjelabine bayan halakar. daga ƙauyen, kuma wannan tsohon kofur ɗin ya sami kansa a cikin keɓe sansanin taro nesa ba kusa ba da labarin ɗansa [[Yahia Boushaki (Shahid)|Yahia Boushaki]] da sauran mayaƙan 'yancin kai.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.el-massa.com/dz/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B0%D9%8A%D8%A8-%C2%AB%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%8A%C2%BB-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%81%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.liberte-algerie.com/centre/boumerdes-la-commune-des-700-martyrs-les-honore-264768{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dangane da hanyar sadarwar masu fafutuka da ke aiki a cikin birnin Thénia bayan barnar kauyukan da ke kewaye, kamar Bouzid Boushaki&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bd6t584691c/f3.item.r=Bouzid+Boushaki.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bd6t585286x/f2.item.r=Boushaki+Bouzid.zoom&lt;/ref&gt; wanda aka kama bayan dasa bam a ofishin mawaƙin a wannan birni, an tura su zuwa Ferme. Gauthier yana cikin Souk El Had don azabtar da shi kuma galibi ana kashe shi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.elwatan.com/regions/kabylie/boumerdes/souk-el-had-boumerdes-haouch-gautier-le-camp-des-supplices-01-11-2021 |access-date=2022-03-22 |archive-date=2022-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417085852/https://www.elwatan.com/regions/kabylie/boumerdes/souk-el-had-boumerdes-haouch-gautier-le-camp-des-supplices-01-11-2021 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lnr/270731 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-03-22 |archive-date=2021-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206105309/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lnr/270731 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aljeriya mai cin gashin kanta ==
[[File:Bulletin de référendum.jpg|thumb|1962 Aljeriya ta gudanar da zaben raba gardama na samun 'yancin kai.]]
Ƙungiyar ƙuri'ar raba gardamar 'yancin kai ta Aljeriya a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1962 ta ga halartar Abderrahmane tare da mahaifinsa Ali Boushaki [ar] wanda a lokacin yana da shekaru 107.&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9775063h/f5.item.r=Referendum+autodetermination.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9106882j/f19.item.r=Referendum+autodetermination.zoom&lt;/ref&gt;

Kuma haka ne Cheikh Ali shi ne shugaban Aljeriya wanda ya ga zuwan Faransawa mazauna bayan tawayen Mokrani ya zauna a Mitidja da Kabylie a 1872 yana dan shekara 17 a duniya bayan haka ya shiga yakin Col des Beni Aicha.

Ga shi kuma a matsayinsa na Mukaddam na Tarika Rahmaniyyah, ya ga dubban Faransawa mazauna kasar da ke barin gidajensu da sana’o’insu da gonakinsu da akwatunansu kawai, kuma hakan ya mayar da Aljeriya ga ‘ya’yanta da ‘yan kasar da aka wawashe dukiyoyinsu tun ranar 5 ga watan Yuli, 1830.

Daga nan sai mahukuntan Aljeriya masu cin gashin kansu suka ba Abderrahmane Boushaki lambar yabo ta hanyar canza sunan Avenue Jean Colonna d'Ornano da sunan dansa Kyaftin Shahid Yahia Boushaki da kuma sanya a wannan babban titi hedkwatar Kasma na National Liberation Front (FLN). jam’iyya.&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/street/17710184/Rue-Yahia-Boushaki&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga nan sai lardin Algiers ya canza sunan wata babbar kadara a Bab Ezzouar mai sunan gundumar kuma mai dauke da sunan kwamishinan siyasa [[Yahia Boushaki]].&lt;ref&gt;http://wikimapia.org/11918198/Lotissement-Yahia-Boushaki-I&lt;/ref&gt;

Dangane da mazauninsa, wani babban gida mai lamba 5, Rue Slimane Ambar a kudancin Thénia, hukumomin juyin juya hali sun ba shi kyautar a gefen ƙauyensa na Soumâa.&lt;ref&gt;http://wikimapia.org/street/17710197/Rue-Slimane-Ambar&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lequotidien/8349&lt;/ref&gt;

A gidansa ya karbi manyan jami'ai da shueagabannin siyasa da suka ziyarci birnin Thénia wadanda ba su rasa damar da za su ziyarci mahaifin shahid Yahia Boushaki da kuma kanin limamin [[Brahim Boushaki]] don sha daga tushen Arch na Béni Aïcha wanda ya jagoranci rubuta sanarwar 1 ga Nuwamba 1954 ta ɗan jarida Mohamed Aïchaoui bayan ƙungiyar 22 da kwamitin juyin juya hali na Haɗin kai da Aiki (CRUA) sun shirya taronsu mai ban sha'awa a gidan Lyes Deriche.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lexpression/69168 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-03-22 |archive-date=2025-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250530143727/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lexpression/69168 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lexpression/350050&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mutuwa ==
Kofur Boushaki ya rasu a shekara ta 1985 a gidansa da ke Rua Slimane Ambar, kusa da garuruwan Soumâa, Gueddara da Meraldene.&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/31120110/Montagne-Gueddara-de-Th%C3%A9nia&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga baya aka binne shi kusa da mahaifinsa Muqaddam Ali Boushaki da kawunsa Mohamed Seghir Boushaki a makabartar musulmi ta Thénia da ake kira Djebbana El Ghorba.&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/16243853/Cimeti%C3%A8re-Musulman-El-Ghorba-de-Th%C3%A9nia&lt;/ref&gt;

== Littafi Mai Tsarki ==
[[File:Thenia 11092012.jpg|thumb|Dutsen wucewa na birnin Thenia.]]
[[File:Plan de la Cité Justice à Thénia.jpg|thumb|Taswirar titunan birnin Thénia kafin 1962.]]
* {{cite book 
|date= 28 May 1921
|chapter= 
|work= Liste des candidats non classés pour les emplois qu'ils avaient sollicités
|title= Journal officiel de la République française. Lois et décrets.
|url= https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65428850/f41.item.r=Isbah+Boushaki.zoom
|language= faransanci
|volume= N° 141
|location= Paris
|publisher= Quai Voltaire
|pages= 72
|quote= Citation: p. 41 (6249)
}}

* {{cite book 
|date= 21 June 1923
|chapter= 
|work= Liste des candidats non classés pour les emplois qu'ils avaient sollicités
|title= Journal officiel de la République française. Lois et décrets.
|url= https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6475945b/f43.item.r=Boushaki.zoom
|language= faransanci
|volume= N° 166
|location= Paris
|publisher= Quai Voltaire
|pages= 204
|quote= Citation: p. 195
}}

* {{cite book 
|date= 1 April 1925
|chapter= 
|work= Amicale des mutilés d'Alger
|title= L'Algérie mutilée.
|url= https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6586446v/f1.item.r=Boushaki.zoom
|language= faransanci
|volume= N° 99
|location= Alger
|publisher= Amicale des mutilés du département d'Alger
|pages= 4
|quote= Citation: p. 1
}}

* {{cite book 
|date= 7 September 1928
|chapter= 
|work= Commission de classement des emplois réservés aux militaires indigènes de l'Algérie
|title= Journal officiel de l'Algérie.
|url= https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5329264p/f16.item.r=Boushaki+Meraldene.zoom
|language= faransanci
|volume= N° 36
|location= Alger
|publisher= Gouvernement Général de l’Algérie, Direction de l’Intérieur.
|pages= 16
|quote= Citation: p. 16 (472)
}}

* {{cite book 
|date= 4 August 1933
|chapter= 
|work= Liste des candidats non classés pour les emplois qu’ils avaient sollicités
|title= Journal officiel de l'Algérie.
|url= https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5328689k/f17.item.r=Boushaki.zoom
|language= faransanci
|volume= N° 31
|location= Alger
|publisher= Gouvernement Général de l’Algérie, Direction de l’Intérieur.
|pages= 20
|quote= Citation: p. 17,18 (603-604)
}}

* {{cite book 
|date= 3 August 1934
|chapter= 
|work= Commission de classement des emplois réservés aux militaires indigènes de l'Algérie
|title= Journal officiel de l'Algérie.
|url= https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5329088d/f15.item.r=Ishak+Boushaki+Aliouat.zoom
|language= faransanci
|volume= N° 31
|location= Alger
|publisher= Gouvernement Général de l’Algérie, Direction de l’Intérieur.
|pages= 16
|quote= Citation: p. 15 (597)
}}

* {{cite book 
|date= 28 June 1935
|chapter= 
|work= Liste des candidats non classés pour les emplois qu'ils avaient sollicités
|title= Journal officiel de l'Algérie.
|url= https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5329527f/f26.item.r=Boushaki+Aliouat.zoom
|language= faransanci
|volume= N° 26
|location= Alger
|publisher= Gouvernement Général de l’Algérie, Direction de l’Intérieur.
|pages= 40
|quote= Citation: p. 26 (602)
}}

* {{cite book 
|date= 31 December 1937
|chapter= 
|work= Chronique des Associations
|title= La Tranchée.
|url= https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k63719824/f2.item.r=Boushaki.zoom
|language= faransanci
|volume= N° 387
|location= Alger
|publisher= Amicale des Mutilés et Anciens Combattants du Département d'Alger
|pages= 4
|quote= Citation: p. 2
}}

== Duba kuma ==
* [[Malikiyya]]
* [[Sufiyya]]
* [[Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki]]
* [[Zawiyet Sidi  Boumerdassi]]
* [[Zawiyet Sidi  Amar Cherif]]

== Hanyoyin haɗin waje ==
* [http://www.thenia.net/piwigo/index.php Yanar Gizo &quot;www.thenia.net&quot; game da Thénia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203221946/http://www.thenia.net/piwigo/index.php |date=2020-02-03 }}
* [http://menerville.free.fr/ Shafin Yanar Gizo na farko &quot;http://menerville.free.fr&quot; game da &quot;Ménerville da Thénia&quot; kafin 1962]
* [http://menerville2.free.fr/ Yanar Gizo na Biyu &quot;http://menerville2.free.fr&quot; game da &quot;Ménerville da Thénia&quot; kafin 1962]

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Haihuwan 1896]]
[[Category:Mutuwan 1985]]
[[Category:Mutanen Aljeriya]]
[[Category:Iyalin Boushaki]]
[[Category:Musulunci]]
[[Category:Musulmai]]
[[Category:Rahmaniyya]]
[[Category:Sufiyya]]
[[Category:'Yan siyasa]]</text>
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
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* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
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* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
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    <title>Adlène Guedioura</title>
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      <text bytes="16994" sha1="5j5tlvjtz41r6mc8bd7jo3w8wisr0tn" xml:space="preserve">[[Fayil:Algérie - Arménie - 20140531 - Rafik Halliche (5), Djamel Eddine Mesbah (6), Yacine Brahimi (11), Riyad Mahrez (21) et Adlan Guedioura (17).jpg|thumb|hoton adlene cimin tawagar algejiya]]
[[Fayil:Adlene Guedioura.jpg|thumb|dan wasan kwallon kafa mai takaleda]]
[[Fayil:Algérie - Arménie - 20140531 - 25.jpg|thumb|hodon adle a ciki hili]]
[[Fayil:160416 WBA v Watford-304 (26600818865).jpg|thumb|a kungiyar Watford]]
[[Fayil:Libye - Algérie1.jpg|thumb|hoton shi a kasa]]
[[Fayil:Algérie - Arménie - 20140531 - Equipe d'Algérie.jpg|thumb|adlene cikin tawagar kasa]]
[[Fayil:Soccer Algeria.png|thumb|hoton tambarin kwallon algeria]]
'''Adlène Guedioura''' ( {{Lang-ar|عدلان قديورة}}; an haife shi a ranar 12 ga watan Nuwamba 1985) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa]] ne na Aljeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Aljeriya.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.soccer-blogger.com/2016/03/13/video-adlene-guedioura-goal-vs-arsenal-fa-cup-2016-march-13-guedioura-rocket-thunderbolt/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20120704220247/http://www.nottinghamforest.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0%2C%2C10308~2751614%2C00.html&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.watfordfc.com/teams/first-team/160517-watford-fc-end-of-season-awards-winners |access-date=2024-02-04 |archive-date=2020-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418063134/https://www.watfordfc.com/teams/first-team/160517-watford-fc-end-of-season-awards-winners |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.burtonalbionfc.co.uk/news/2022/february/2402-guedioura/&lt;/ref&gt;

A matakin kulob ɗin, Guedioura ya yi wasa a Sedan, Noisy-le-Sec, L'Entente SSG da Créteil a Faransa, Kortrijk da Charleroi a Belgium, Wolverhampton Wanderers, Nottingham Forest, Crystal Palace, Watford, Middlesbrough da Sheffield United a Ingila, da Al-Gharafa a Qatar.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.thesportsdb.com/player/34145563&lt;/ref&gt;

An haife shi a Faransa, a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa yana wakiltar Algeria, mahaifar mahaifinsa wanda shi ma ya taka leda a ƙungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/wolverhampton_wanderers/8478606.stm&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Algérie - Arménie - 20140531 - Adlan Guedioura.jpg|thumb|Adlène Guedioura]]
An san Guedioura don harbin dogon zango mai ƙarfi. A cikin lokacin 2011 – 12, ya ci &quot;Goal of the Season&quot; a duka Nottingham Forest da Wolverhampton Wanderers. Ana tunanin shi ne ɗan wasan kwallon kafa na farko da ya taba lashe kyautar ƙungiyoyin biyu a kakar wasa ɗaya.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20131012034401/http://www.football-league.co.uk/staticFiles/4e/bd/0%2C%2C10794~179534%2C00.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11706/9640676/premier-league-alan-pardew-says-crystal-palace-need-more-mavericks-like-adlene-guedioura&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
Guedioura, an haife shi a La Roche-sur-Yon, Faransa,  Mahaifiyarsa'yar Sipaniya (Enriqueta Soreira Pons, tsohuwar ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta mata ta [[Ispaniya|Spain]] ),  da kuma tsohon ɗan wasan Algeria Nacer Guedioura.&lt;ref&gt;https://mediafootdz.dz/crb-adlene-guedioura-signe-deux-ans/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.expressandstar.com/sport/wolverhampton-wanderers-fc/2012/07/24/wolves-sell-guedioura-to-forest-for-1m/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-02-04 |archive-date=2024-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204111100/https://www.expressandstar.com/sport/wolverhampton-wanderers-fc/2012/07/24/wolves-sell-guedioura-to-forest-for-1m/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Aikin kulob/ƙungiya ==

=== Farkon aiki ===
Ya fara buga kwallon kafa mai son tare da Racing Paris a matakin matakin kwallon kafa na biyar na Faransa, inda kyawunsa a ƙungiyar ya jawo hankalin kulob ɗin Sedan na Ligue 2, wanda ya koma a 2004. Guedioura ya yi ƙoƙari ya sami damar samun damar ƙungiyar ta farko a Sedan kuma ya bar kulob ɗin a 2005 don shiga ƙungiyar Noisy-le-Sec ta huɗu. Ya buga wasanni 15 gaba ɗaya a ƙungiyar inda ya zura kwallo ɗaya.

Daga nan ya koma mataki na uku tare da L'Entente SSG a cikin 2006. Ya buga wasanni 21 a ƙungiyar, inda ya zura kwallaye 3. Ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar US Créteil-Lusitanos ta Faransa a 2007, inda ya zira kwallaye 6 a wasanni 24.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/23999569&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Belgium ===
[[Fayil:Adlene Guedioura.jpg|thumb|Adlène Guedioura]]
Guedioura ya koma Belgium a lokacin rani na 2008, ya koma Belgian Pro League Kortrijk kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu. Ya yi jimillar wasanni 10 a Kortrijk. Ya shafe rabin kakar wasa tare da kungiyar kuma ya koma kungiyar ta Pro League Charleroi a cikin Janairu 2009, kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara da rabi. Ya buga wasanni 25 a kungiyar a matsayin kaftin, inda ya zura kwallo daya, kafin ya koma kungiyar Wolverhampton Wanderers ta kasar Ingila aro a watan Janairun 2010 har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta bana. 

=== Wolverhampton Wanderers ===
A cikin sa'o'i 24 da isowarsa Wolves, ya fara buga wasansa na farko a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan da suka tashi babu ci da [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]], nan da nan ya zama dan wasa na yau da kullun yayin da kulob din ya tabbatar da tsira a gasar Premier a karon farko. Ya fara wasan Wolves na farko a wasan da suka doke Tottenham da ci 1-0 a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu 2010. Ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a kulob din a wasan karshe na kakar wasa ta bana don samun nasara a kan Sunderland,  bayan haka an tabbatar da cewa ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru uku kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba, ana kyautata zaton yana yankin. £2m. 
[[File:151205 Watford v Norwich-217 (23607617155).jpg|thumb|Adlène Guedioura]]
Guedioura ya sami karaya bayan da Steve Sidwell na Aston Villa ya fafata a ranar 26 ga Satumba 2010.  A ranar 30 ga Maris, Guedioura ya dawo wa Wolves bayan watanni 6 yana jin rauni a karawar da Blackpool Reserves, ya buga cikakken mintuna 90 kuma ya ci wasan 2–1, tare da Guedioura ya zura kwallo a ragar yadi 25.  A ranar 9 ga Afrilu, Guedioura ya fara bayyanar da tawagarsa bayan watanni 6 ya ji rauni a Wolves, yana wasa 75 mintuna a gasar Premier League Everton. A ranar 8 ga watan Mayu ya zira kwallonsa ta farko a gasar Premier ta 2010/2011 yayin nasarar 3-1 a wasan gida da West Bromwich Albion. 

=== Nottingham Forest ===
A ranar 30 ga Janairu 2012, Guedioura ya koma kungiyar Nottingham Forest ta Championship a matsayin aro har zuwa karshen kakar wasa.  Guedioura ya fara buga wa wasa a Nottingham Forest a cikin rashin nasara da suka ci 0-2 da Burnley a ranar 31 ga Janairu 2012.  Manajan Forest Steve Cotterill ya yaba wa Guedioura saboda 'zuciya da ruhinsa' yayin da yake taka leda a Forest,  kuma Sky Sports ya bayyana shi a matsayin &quot;wanda aka fi so tare da amintaccen gandun daji&quot; saboda &quot;nuna ayyukansa duka.&quot; Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko kuma daya tilo ga Forest a kakar 2011–12 tare da yajin yadi 35 a wasan da suka doke Leeds United da ci 7–3.  Kwallon ta lashe kyautar Goal of the Season na Nottingham Forest. 
[[Fayil:Algérie - Arménie - 20140531 - 25.jpg|thumb|Adlène Guedioura]]
A ranar 23 ga watan Yuli 2012, Guedioura ya shiga Nottingham Forest na dindindin kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba,  an yi imanin £1m ne.  Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru uku.  Ya tambayi mabiyansa na [[Twitter]] ko ya kamata ya sanya riga 22 ko lamba 7 a kulob din. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=AdleneGUEDIOURA|date=24 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Washegari ya sanar da cewa zai saka lamba 7, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=AdleneGUEDIOURA|date=25 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; wanda kulob din ya tabbatar ba da jimawa ba. 
Guedoura ya zira kwallon da ta yi nasara ga Nottingham Forest a ranar farko ta kakar wasa, a wasan da suka ci Bristol City 1-0. A ranar 10 ga Nuwamba Guedoura ya zura kwallo a ragar Leicester City FC inda aka tashi 1-1, wasan ya tashi 2-2. Makonni biyu bayan haka a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba ya zura kwallo a ragar tsohuwar kungiyarsa ta Wolverhampton Wanderers tare da alamar kasuwanci mai tsayi.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2014}}

=== Crystal Palace ===
A ranar 3 ga Satumba 2013, Guedioura ya kammala ƙarshen ranar ƙarshe ya koma Crystal Palace ta Premier League kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku.  Ya buga wasansa na farko a kulob din a ranar 14 ga Satumba 2013, zuwa ga zakarun gasar zakarun Turai [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]], yana zuwa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin José Campaña na mintuna na 56. 

=== Watford ===
A ranar 1 ga watan 26 Nuwamba 2014, Guedioura ya koma Watford a matsayin aro har zuwa 1 ga Janairu 2015.  Guedioura ya ci wa Watford kwallaye biyu a wasansu da Cardiff City a ranar 28 ga Disamba 2014.
[[File:Algérie - Arménie - 20140531 - 30.jpg|thumb|Adlène Guedioura]]
Guedioura ya dawo daga yarjejeniyar aro a watan Janairun 2015 kuma sabon koci Alan Pardew ya yi amfani da shi nan da nan yana wasa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan da suka doke Tottenham 2-1.  Pardew ya ci gaba da ambaton Guerdioura a matsayin &quot;maverick&quot; da kuma ma'aunin dan wasan da Crystal Palace ke bukata don kauce wa koma baya. 

Guedioura ya koma Watford akan yarjejeniyar lamuni ta gaggawa akan 27 ga Fabrairu 2015. 

Bayan nasarar lamuni biyu na nasara a Watford a cikin kakar 2014-15, an cimma yarjejeniya tsakanin Crystal Palace da Watford a canja wuri na dindindin a ranar 1 ga watan Satumba 2015. Guedoura ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku tare da &quot;The Hornets.&quot; 

=== Middlesbrough ===
A ranar 31 ga watan Janairu 2017, an sanar da cewa Guedioura ya koma kulob din Premier League Middlesbrough kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da rabi kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba. 

=== Koma zuwa Nottingham Forest ===
[[Fayil:160416 WBA v Watford-304 (26600818865).jpg|thumb|Adlène Guedioura]]
A ranar 31 ga Janairu 2018, ranar ƙarshe na canja wurin, an tabbatar da cewa Guedioura ya koma Nottingham Forest, a kan kwangilar da ke gudana har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2020-21, tare da tsohon manajan Middlesbrough Aitor Karanka.  Ya koma City Ground a kan canja wuri kyauta, bayan da aka soke kwantiraginsa da Middlesbrough ta hanyar amincewar juna. &lt;ref name=&quot;Forest Return&quot; /&gt;   Ya buga wasansa na farko a kungiyar tun bayan tafiyarsa a baya, a ranar 10 ga watan Fabrairu, lokacin da suka yi rashin nasara da ci 2-0 a hannun Hull City da ba ta taka rawar gani ba, inda aka sauya dan Algeria a minti na 77 na gasar. 

=== Sheffield United ===
A ranar 13 ga watan Satumba 2021, Guedioura ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiragin shekara guda tare da kungiyar EFL Championship Sheffield United.  A ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu, 2022, Guedioura ya dakatar da kwantiraginsa ta hanyar yardar juna. 

=== MC Oran ===
A ranar 19 ga watan Fabrairu, 2022, hukumar gudanarwar MC [[Oran]] ta yi kokarin daukar shi aiki amma canja wurin ya ci tura. 

=== Burton Albion ===
A ranar 25 ga watan Fabrairu 2022, Guedioura ya shiga ƙungiyar EFL League One Burton Albion akan ɗan gajeren kwantiragin har zuwa ƙarshen lokacin 2021–22.  A ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 2022 Guedioura ya fice ta hanyar amincewar juna bayan ya yi gwagwarmaya a tinkarar Algeria ba ta shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA 2022

== Ayyukan kasa  ==
[[File:Algérie_-_Arménie_-_20140531_-_Adlan_Guedioura.jpg|alt=|thumb| Guedoura tare da Algeria a 2014]]
Guedioura ya sami karramawar farko a duniya lokacin da aka saka shi cikin tawagar farko ta Algeria a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2010.  Ya buga wasansa na farko a duniya a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2010 a wasan da suka doke Jamhuriyar Ireland da ci 0–3,  kafin a tabbatar da shi a cikin tawagar karshe da za ta buga gasar a Afirka ta Kudu. Ya bayyana a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a dukkan wasannin rukuni uku na Algeria a lokacin gasar&amp;nbsp;– da Slovenia, Ingila da kuma Amurka – inda kungiyar ta kare a kasan rukuninsu.
[[Fayil:151205 Watford v Norwich-217 (23607617155).jpg|thumb|Adlène Guedioura]]
A ranar 3 ga watan Satumbar 2010, Guedioura ya zura ƙwallaye a wasan da suka tashi 1-1 gida da Tanzania a wasan neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Nahiyar Afirka na 2012, wanda ya baiwa ƙungiyar damar cimma maki na farko na yaƙin neman zaɓe da kuma burinsa na farko a duniya. Daga karshe Aljeriya ta kasa samun tikitin shiga gasar, amma an zabi Guedioura a cikin 'yan wasa uku wadanda suka samu nasarar zuwa gasar a 2013, 2017 da 2019, inda suka kammala gasar a matsayin zakarun nahiyoyi tare da Guedioura mai suna a cikin 'kungiyar gasar'.

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
[[File:Libye - Algérie1.jpg|thumb|Adlène Guedioura]]
Guedioura dan tsohon dan wasan kasar Algeria ne, Nacer Guedioura .  Kanensa Nabil Guedioura shi ma dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a kungiyar ci gaban Crystal Palace U21 kuma a matakin mai son a Faransa.  Guedoura [[musulmi]] ne. 

== Kididdigar sana'a ==

=== Kulob ===
{{Updated|match played 26 February 2022}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Soccerway&quot;&gt;{{Soccerway|53518}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nft&quot;&gt;{{NFT|38165}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Club
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Season
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |League Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
|Noisy-le-Sec
|2005–06
|CFA
|15
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|15
|1
|-
|L'Entente SSG
|2006–07
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Championnat National
|33
|3
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|33
|3
|-
|Créteil
|2007–08
|24
|6
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|24
|6
|-
|Kortrijk
|2008–09
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Belgian Pro League
|10
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|10
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Charleroi
|2008–09
|12
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|12
|0
|-
|2009–10
|13
|0
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|15
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!25
!0
!2
!1
!0
!0
!0
!0
!27
!1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Wolverhampton Wanderers
|2009–10
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Premier League
|14
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|14
|1
|-
|2010–11
|10
|1
|0
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|12
|1
|-
|2011–12
|10
|0
|1
|0
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|13
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!34
!2
!1
!0
!4
!1
!0
!0
!39
!3
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Nottingham Forest
|2011–12
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Championship
|19
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|19
|1
|-
|2012–13
|35
|3
|0
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|36
|3
|-
|2013–14
|5
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|6
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!59
!4
!0
!0
!2
!0
!0
!0
!61
!4
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Crystal Palace
|2013–14
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Premier League
|8
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|9
|0
|-
|2014–15
|7
|0
|1
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|10
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!15
!0
!2
!0
!2
!0
!0
!0
!19
!0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Watford
|2014–15
|Championship
|17
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|17
|3
|-
|2015–16
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Premier League
|18
|0
|5
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|23
|1
|-
|2016–17
|3
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|5
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!38
!3
!5
!1
!0
!0
!0
!0
!45
!4
|-
|Middlesbrough
|2017–18
|Championship
|6
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|6
|0
|-
|Nottingham Forest
|2018–19
|Championship
|38
|2
|1
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|39
|2
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Al-Gharafa
|2019–20
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Qatar Stars League
|15
|1
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|16
|1
|-
|2020–21
|20
|1
|8
|2
|0
|0
|1
|0
|29
|3
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!35
!2
!9
!2
!0
!0
!1
!0
!45
!4
|-
|Sheffield United
|2021–22
|Championship
|1
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|2
|0
|-
|Burton Albion
|2021–22
|League One
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Career total
!324
!23
!12
!4
!10
!1
!1
!0
!355
!28
|}

=== Ƙasashen Duniya ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Aljeriya
|-
! Shekara
! Aikace-aikace
! Buri
|-
| 2010
| 7
| 1
|-
| 2011
| 2
| 0
|-
| 2012
| 8
| 0
|-
| 2013
| 10
| 1
|-
| 2014
| 3
| 0
|-
| 2015
| 2
| 0
|-
| 2016
| 2
| 0
|-
| 2017
| 6
| 0
|-
| 2018
| 1
| 0
|-
| 2019
| 14
| 0
|-
| 2020
| 3
| 0
|-
! Jimlar
! 58
! 2
|}

=== Manufar kasa da kasa ===

: ''Maki da sakamako ne suka jera yawan kwallayen da Aljeriya ta ci.'' 

{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;
!Manufar
! Kwanan wata
! Wuri
! Abokin hamayya
! Ci
! Sakamako
! Gasa
|-
| 1.
| 3 Satumba 2010
| Stade Mustapha Tchaker, [[Blida]], Algeria
|&lt;/img&gt; Tanzaniya
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1-1'''
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1-1
| 2012 cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika
|-
| 2.
| 14 ga Agusta, 2013
| Stade Mustapha Tchaker, Blida, Algeria
|&lt;/img&gt; Gini
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1-0'''
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 2-2
| Sada zumunci
|}

== Girmamawa ==

=== Kulob ===
'''Watford'''

* EFL Gasar Zakarun Turai : 2014–15

=== Ƙasashen Duniya ===
'''Aljeriya'''

* Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka : 2019 

=== Mutum ===

* Goal na Watford na kakar wasa: 2015-16 (da [[Arsenal FC|Arsenal]] a gasar cin kofin FA ranar 13 ga Maris 2016)  
* Tawagar Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka: 2019 

== Manazarta ==

{{Reflist}}
[[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Aljeriya]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1985]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>5j5tlvjtz41r6mc8bd7jo3w8wisr0tn</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kungiyar Wasan Kurket ta Kasar Malawi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32951</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838380</id>
      <parentid>536377</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:14:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Naja'atu Bintoo Usman</username>
        <id>22641</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>838380</origin>
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      <text bytes="4582" sha1="5lnx9hgt746se21zhkm4ps74xw7mfj3" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}} 

'''Kungiyar wasan kurket ta Malawi tawagar''' maza ce da ke wakiltar [[Malawi|Jamhuriyar Malawi]] a wasan kurket na kasa da kasa .

== Tarihi ==
A shekara ta 2002 Malawi ta halarci gasar cin kofin [[Afirka|Afrika]] inda ƙasashe 10 suka halarta. Sun zo na ƙarshe a rukunin, inda suka yi rashin nasara a dukkan wasanni 4.

Sun zama memba mai alaƙa na Majalisar Kurket ta Duniya (ICC) a cikin shekarar  2003  kuma memba ta tarayya a cikin shekarar 2017.  Wasansu na farko na ƙasa da ƙasa ya zo ne a shekara mai zuwa a gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka, inda suka zo na hudu. Sun halarci gasar kwatankwacinta a shekarar 2006, Kashi na Uku na yankin Afirka na gasar cin kofin Cricket ta duniya, wanda kuma ya zo na huɗu. 

A cikin watan Oktobar shekarar 2009 Malawi ta karɓi baƙuncin gasar WCL Africa Div 3, inda ta doke dukkan mahalarta gasar har ta kai ga lashe gasar. An daukaka su zuwa WCL Africa Division 2 don gasar ta gaba a Benoni, SA. Sun yi ta fama a wannan matakin kuma sun ƙare a ƙarshe.

== Rubuce-rubuce da Ƙididdiga ==
'''Takaitacciyar Matches na Ƙasashen Duniya&amp;nbsp;- Malawi''' 

''An sabunta ta ƙarshe 22 Oktoba 2021''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 500px;&quot;
| colspan=&quot;7&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; |'''Yin Rikodi'''
|-
! Tsarin
! M
! W
! L
! T
! NR
! Wasan farko
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; | Twenty20 Internationals
| 13
| 9
| 3
| 0
| 1
| 6 Nuwamba, 2019
|}

=== Twenty20 International ===

* Mafi girman ƙungiyar duka: 170/7 v Mozambique ranar 6 ga [[Nuwamba]] 2019 a Lilongwe Golf Club, [[Lilongwe]] . 
* Maki mafi girma na mutum: 84 *, Sami Sohail da Seychelles a ranar 20 ga Oktoba 2021 a Gahanga International Cricket Stadium, [[Kigali]] . 
* Mafi kyawun alkalumman wasan ƙwallon ƙafa: 5/13, Moazzam Baig da Eswatini a ranar 17 ga Oktoba 2021 a IPRC Cricket Ground, [[Kigali]] . 
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break}}

'''Most T20I runs for Malawi'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?class=3;id=169;type=team |title=Records / Malawi / Twenty20 Internationals / Most runs |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=10 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- bgcolor=#bdb76b
! Player!!Runs!!Average!!Career span
|-
|Sami Sohail || 312 || 78.00 || 2019–2021
|-
|Donnex Kansonkho || 188 || 18.80 || 2021–2021
|-
|Hamza Patel || 137 || 27.40 || 2019
|-
|Mohamed Abdulla || 118 || 23.60 || 2019–2021
|-
|Gift Kansonkho || 109 || 15.57 || 2019–2021
|}
{{Col-break}}
'''Most T20I wickets for Malawi'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?class=3;id=169;type=team |title=Records / Malawi / Twenty20 Internationals / Most wickets |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=10 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- bgcolor=#bdb76b
! Player!!Wickets!!Average!!Career span
|-
|Moazzam Baig || 205 || 9.44 || 2019–2021
|-
|Sami Sohail || 20 || 13.50 || 2019–2021
|-
|Mohamed Abdulla || 9 || 18.22 || 2019–2021
|-
|Gershom Ntambalika || 9 || 19.00 || 2019–2021
|-
|Irfan Bhima || 6 || 8.50 || 2019
|}
{{Col-end}}'''T20I rikodin tare da sauran ƙasashe''' 

''An kammala rikodin zuwa T20I #1343.'' ''An sabunta ta ƙarshe 22 Oktoba 2021.''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 600px;&quot;
!Abokin hamayya
! M
! W
! L
! T
! NR
! Wasan farko
! Nasara ta farko
|-
| colspan=&quot;8&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | '''vs Abokan hulɗa'''
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |&lt;/img&gt; Eswatini
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 17 Oktoba 2021
| 17 Oktoba 2021
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |&lt;/img&gt; Ghana
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 19 Oktoba 2021
|
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |&lt;/img&gt; Lesotho
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 22 Oktoba 2021
| 22 Oktoba 2021
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |&lt;/img&gt; Mozambique
| 7
| 5
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 6 Nuwamba, 2019
| 6 Nuwamba, 2019
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |&lt;/img&gt; Rwanda
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 22 Oktoba 2021
| 22 Oktoba 2021
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |&lt;/img&gt; Seychelles
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 20 Oktoba 2021
| 20 Oktoba 2021
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |&lt;/img&gt; Uganda
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 16 Oktoba 2021
|
|}

=== Sauran bayanan ===
Don jerin zaɓaɓɓun wasannin ƙasa da ƙasa da Malawi ta buga, duba [https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Teams/2/2488/Miscellaneous_Matches.html Taskar Cricket] .

== Tarihin gasar ==

=== Yankin Cricket na Duniya na Afirka ===

* 2006 (Kashi na Uku) : Matsayi na 4
* 2008 (Kashi na Uku) : Matsayi na 5
* 2009 (Kashi na uku) : Matsayi na farko
* 2010 (Kashi na Biyu) : Matsayi na 6

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin 'yan wasan kurket na duniya Twenty20 na Malawi

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>5lnx9hgt746se21zhkm4ps74xw7mfj3</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Rufaida Umar Ibrahim</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33490</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838506</id>
      <parentid>365578</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:54:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Zahrah0</username>
        <id>14848</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838506</origin>
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'''Rufaida Umar Ibrahim''' (Shekarar haihuwa; An haife ta a ranar 16 ga watan Janairun shekara ta alif 1995), fitacciyar marubuciyar harshen [[Hausa]] ce kuma mawallafiyar littattafai daga birnin [[Kano]] cikin [[Jihar Kano]] a arewa maso yammacin [[Najeriya]]. Tauraruwarta ta fara haskawa ne a shekarar 2020 bayan ta lashe manyan gasannin gajerun labarai da manyan kafafen watsa labarai suka sanya ciki harda gasar gajerun labarai ta [[BBC Hausa]] inda tazo a matsayin ta 3 a Hikayata na shekarar 2020.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.bbc.com/hausa/shirye-shirye-na-musamman-55451740&lt;/ref&gt; Ita ce kuma ta zamo gwarzuwar gasar Aminiya Trust a matsayin ta 1 wadda kamfanin jarida na Aminiya suka ɗauki nauyi a shekarar 2020. Wannan yasa ake yi mata kallon marubuciyar Hausa da babu kamarta a wannan lokaci.
&lt;ref&gt;https://www.mujallaradabi.com/2021/06/gwarzuwar-aminiya-shin-wace-ce-rufaida.html?m=1{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tarihin Rayuwa==

==Karatu==

==Harkar Rubutu==

==Ayyuka==

==Lambobin Yabo==

==Shahara==

==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ammar ibn Yasir</title>
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        <username>Zahrah0</username>
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[[Category:Articles having different image on Wikidata and Wikipedia]]
'''Abu 'l-Yaqẓān 'Ammar bn Yasir bn 'Amir bin Malik al-Ansīy al-Maḏḏḥiǧī'''  {{Lang-ar|أبو اليقظان عمار ابن ياسر ابن عامر ابن مالك العنسي المذحجي}}    ) wanda aka fi sani da '''Abū 'l-Yaqẓān 'Ammār ibn Sumayya''' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=52-68}}&lt;/ref&gt; ( {{Lang-ar|أبو اليقظان عمار ابن سمية}}   ) ya kasance daya daga cikin [[Muhajirun|Muhajirai]] a tarihin Musulunci &lt;ref name=&quot;Islamtimes2014&quot;&gt;[http://www.islamtimes.org/vdciwyaryt1awp2.ilct.html Ammar Ibn Yasser' shrine is violated], Islam Times, retrieved on 13 Apr 2014&lt;/ref&gt; kuma saboda sadaukarwar sa da ya yi ga tafarkin Musulunci, ana daukar sa a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kusancin [[Sahabban Annabi|sahabban]] [[Muhammad|Annabi Muhammad]] da [[Musulmi|Musulmai]] ; don haka yana da matsayi mafi girma a [[Musulunci]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Introduction&quot;&gt;'''Prophet Muhammad''' (warning [[Khalid ibn al-Walid]]): &quot;Whoever makes an enemy of Ammar, Allah makes an enemy of him; whoever hates ʻAmmār, Allah hates him; whoever curses ʻAmmār, Allah curses him; whoever belittles ‘Ammar, Allah belittles him; and whoever disparages ‘Ammar, Allah disaparages him,&quot; ‘Abdul-‘Aziz As-Shanawi, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=zoN4bOdgJxkC&amp;pg=PA122&amp;lpg=PA122&amp;dq=%22and+whoever+disparages+Ammar%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=U-s7789nUf&amp;sig=npu-eCR08OO_dXOB6qLhF3P3lQ4&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=DyMTU-X4H6OY0AW0moHIDA&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q=%22and%20whoever%20disparages%20Ammar%22&amp;f=false The Ministers around the Prophet - Page 122],'' Dar-us-Salam (2004), Retrieved on 2 Mar 2014&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;'''Prophet Muhammad''': &quot;‘Ammar is with the truth and the truth is with ‘Ammar. &lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;'''Imam Ali''' (deeply saddened while and openly weeping in commiserating Ammar Bin Yassir's martyrdom in the Battle of Siffin): &quot;Any Muslim, who doesn't consider the event of ʻAmmār's being killed to be great, and doesn't treat it to be a painful tragedy, won't be recognized to be adult and mature. &lt;/ref&gt;

Dan kabilar Banu Makhzum ne, an haifi Ammar a shekara ta Ɗari biyar da sittin 567) bayan Hijira. ga Yasir bn Amir da [[Sumayyah yar Khabbat|Sumayyah bint Khayyat]], wadanda aka kashe su duka. Ammar tun yana karami ya musulunta bisa gayyatar [[Abubakar]], ya zama daya daga cikin farkon [[musulmi]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;IbnIshaqGuillame1995&quot;&gt;Muhammad ibn Ishaq. &lt;/ref&gt;  Ya zama daya daga cikin fitattun sahabban Annabi Muhammad ta hanyar shiga duk fadace-fadacen sojansa da yake-yakensa. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;”'Ammar took part in all of the battles that occurred during the Prophet's lifetime. &lt;/ref&gt; A tarihi Ammar bn Yasir shi ne musulmi na farko da ya fara gina [[masallaci]] . &lt;ref&gt;Syed A. A. Razwy, ''A Restatement of the History of Islam &amp; Muslims C.E. 570 to 661'', pages 91 &amp; 552, [https://books.google.com/books?ei=CzMPU47_A4rXrQepqoCACg&amp;id=lNjXAAAAMAAJ&amp;dq=first+built+mosque+ammar+bin+yasir&amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;q=%22was+the+first+man+in+islam+to+build+a+mosque%22 Google Books], Retrieved on 27 Feb 2014&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan mutuwar Annabi Muhammad, Ammar ya kasance mai biyayya ga [[Aliyu Ibn Abi ɗalib|Ali]], kuma [[musulmi]] [[Shi'a|'yan Shi'a]] suna kiransa daya daga cikin Sahabbai Hudu . &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.abna.ir/data.asp?lang=3&amp;Id=399175 Photos: Blast at the Holy Shrine of Prophet Muhammad's Companions 'Ammar Yasir' Denied] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228215439/http://www.abna.ir/data.asp?lang=3&amp;Id=399175 |date=2014-02-28 }}, AhlulBayt News Agency (ABNA), Retrieved on 23 Feb 2014&lt;/ref&gt; Musulmai sun dauki karshen Ammar a matsayin abin da ya kebanta da shi a cikin kaddarorin sahabban Annabi Muhammad, domin sun fahimci mutuwarsa a [[Yaƙin Siffin|yakin Siffin]] a matsayin babban mai bambancewa tsakanin salihai da masu zunubi a Fitina ta farko. 

== Kafin Musulunci ==
Ammar na kabilar Banu Makhzum ne a [[Hijaz]] ( [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] a yau). An haife shine a shekarar giwaye wato shekarar da aka haifi Annabi [[Muhammad]] a [[Makkah|Makka]] kuma yana daya daga cikin masu shiga tsakani a auren Annabi [[Muhammad]] da [[Khadija bint Khuwailid|Khadijah bint Khuwaylid]] . Mahaifinsa Yasir bn Amir dan kabilar Qahtan ne a kasar [[Yemen|Yaman]] ya yi hijira zuwa Makka ya zauna a can bayan ya auri [[Sumayyah yar Khabbat|Sumayyah bint Khayyat]], kuyanga; Ammar da iyayensa, Yasir da Sumayyah, bayi ne ga Abu Huzaifa, amma bayan rasuwarsa, Abu Jahl - wanda daga baya ya zama daya daga cikin manyan makiyan Musulunci, kuma fitaccen mai azabtar da Ammar da iyayensa - ya dauke su a matsayin bayinsa. Amincewar Ammar da sanin amincin Annabi Muhammadu, tun kafin Annabcinsa, sun ƙarfafa shi ya bi wahayin annabcin Annabi Muhammadu a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin farkon masu tuba. &lt;ref&gt;'''Sayyid Saeed Akhtar Rizvi''': &quot;''Ammar and his parents were amongst the first converts to Islam. ''&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;'''Kamran Shahid Ansari''': &quot;''Ammar bin Yasir was one of the early reverts to Islam and belonged to Banu Makhzum tribe. ''&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;&quot;''Ammar’s parents Yassir and Summaya also accepted Islam on the very same day due to a dream Yassir had the previous night. ''&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bayan musulunta ==
Ammar ya musulunta a shekara ta 614 ko shekarar 615. &lt;ref name=&quot;IbnIshaqGuillame1995&quot;&gt;Muhammad ibn Ishaq. &lt;/ref&gt; Wannan ya zo dai-dai da lokacin da kuraishawa suke muzgunawa musulmi masu karamin karfi. &lt;ref&gt;Ibn Ishaq/Guillaume p. 143.&lt;/ref&gt; Kamar yadda Ammar ya gaya wa jikansa daga baya: “Na haɗu da [[Suhayb ar-Rumi|Suhayb bn Sinan]] a ƙofar gidan Al-Arqam alhalin Manzon Allah yana cikinsa. Na tambaye shi, 'Me kake so?' Ya ce mini, 'Me kike so?' Na amsa, 'Ina so in je wurin Annabi Muhammad in ji abin da yake cewa.' Ya ce, 'Haka nake so.' Muka shiga ya gabatar mana da musulunci muka musulunta. Sai muka yini har yamma muka fita muna boye.” &lt;ref&gt;Muhammad ibn Saad. &lt;/ref&gt; Mahaifin Ammar da mahaifiyarsa da kuma ɗan'uwansa su ma sun musulunta, duk da cewa ba bisa gayyatar Abubakar ba. &lt;ref&gt;Ibn Saad/Bewley vol. 3 p. 188.&lt;/ref&gt;

A lokacin da Kuraishawa suka san musuluntar iyalan Yasir, suna cikin “Wadanda aka azabtar da su a [[Makkah|Macca]] don su yi watsi da su”. &lt;ref&gt;Ibn Saad/Bewley vol. 3 pp. 189-190.&lt;/ref&gt; Mutanen Makhzum sun kasance suna fitar da Ammar bn Yasir tare da mahaifinsa da mahaifiyarsa a cikin zafin rana suna fitar da su ga yanayin Makka da ya wuce kima suna azabtar da su a cikin wuta ta bude wuta, Annabi Muhammad ya kasance yana wucewa ta wajensu. Kuma ka ce: “Ku yi haƙuri, ya mutãnen Yasir! Wurin haduwarku Aljanna ce” &lt;ref name=&quot;Ibn Ishaq/Guillaume p. 145&quot;&gt;Ibn Ishaq/Guillaume p. 145.&lt;/ref&gt; da “Ya wuta! Ki kasance mai sanyi da cutarwa ga Ammar kamar yadda kika zama mai sanyi da rashin cutarwa ga Annabi Ibrahim. sakamakon haka Ammar ya samu tabo a jikinsa daga azabar da ake yi masa har tsawon rayuwarsa. &lt;ref&gt;Ibn Saad/Bewley vol. 3 p. 190.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Sadruddin Sharafuddin al-Amili, ''[http://www.al-islam.org/ammar-ibn-yasir-a-companion-of-the-prophet-sadruddin-sharafuddin-al-amili/chapter-7-such-world Ammar Ibn Yasir - A Companion of the Prophet('s) @ Al-islam.org]'', Chapter 7: Such is the World, Retrieved on September 21, 2015&lt;/ref&gt;

An azabtar da Ammar “har bai san me yake cewa ba” kamar yadda abokinsa Suhayb ya yi; a cikin wannan hali, a ƙarshe ya zagi Annabi Muhammadu kuma ya yi magana mai kyau game da gumakan arna. Daga nan sai ya je wurin Annabi Muhammad ya yi furuci da renon sa. Annabi Muhammad ya ce, &quot;Yaya kake samun zuciyarka?&quot; Ammar ya amsa da cewa har yanzu musulmi ne a zuciyarsa, Annabi Muhammad yace komai lafiya. Ayar Kur'ani, &quot; ''wani wanda aka tilasta masa ya aikata wanda zuciyarsa ta tsaya a kan imaninta'' &quot; (16:106), tana nufin Ammar. &lt;ref&gt;Ibn Saad/Bewley vol. 3 pp. 190-191.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Views on Taqiyya&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=395–402}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mahaifiyar Ammar Abu Jahl ne ya kashe ta saboda kin barin Musulunci: ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi shahada . &lt;ref&gt;Muhammad ibn Saad. &lt;/ref&gt; An saukar da ayoyin farko na Suratul Ankabut (Babi na 29: gizo-gizo) a matsayin martani ga wannan lamari mai ban tausayi. &lt;ref&gt;[[Tafsir al-Qurtubi]] (in Arabic), [http://www.e-quran.com/kurtoby/kur-s29.html explanation of and commentary on Surat Al-Ankabut] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128191808/http://www.e-quran.com/kurtoby/kur-s29.html|date=2022-01-28}}, retrieved on may 30, 2014&lt;/ref&gt;

Domin tsira daga azabar mutanen Makka a lokacin, ibn Saad &lt;ref&gt;Ibn Saad/Bewley vol. 3 p. 191.&lt;/ref&gt; da Ibn Ishaq &lt;ref&gt;Ibn Ishaq/Guillaume p. 148.&lt;/ref&gt; sun ruwaito cewa Ammar ya tafi Abisiniya a shekara ta 616.

=== Yaki a karkashin Muhammadu ===
[[File:IMAG5432.jpg|right|thumb|268x268px| Takobin Ammar bn Yasir]]
{{Campaignbox Campaigns of Muhammad}} 
Ammar ya kasance daya daga cikin mayaka kadan da suka halarci babban yakin farko na Musulunci, wato [[Yaƙin Badar|yakin Badar]], duk da tsananin yanayi na ban mamaki a lokacin; &lt;ref&gt;[[Martin Lings]], Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, pages 138–139&lt;/ref&gt; da sadaukar da kai, ya ci gaba da shiga cikin yaqe-yaqe masu tsanani da musulmi ko da bayan wafatin Annabi Muhammad. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;”'Ammar took part in all of the battles that occurred during the Prophet's lifetime. &lt;/ref&gt;

Baya ga babbar rawar da ya taka a yakin Musulunci na soja, wannan lamari a rayuwar Annabi Muhammad ya kasance mafi muhimmanci -a tarihi- ga musulmi: yayin da ʻAmmār ke halartar ginin [[masallacin Annabi]] a Madina, (ya nakalto [[hadisi]] ) “[kuma ya] ya shigo. Sa'ad da suka cika masa tubali suna cewa, 'Suna kashe ni. Suna ɗora mini kaya waɗanda ba za su iya ɗaukar kansu ba.' Ummu Salama matar Annabi ta ce: “Na ga Manzon Allah yana gudu hannunsa yana da gashi-domin shi mai lankwasa ne – sai ya ce: “Kaito Ibn Sumayya! Bã su kashe ku ba, fãce ƙungiyar mutãne fasiƙanci ne. . . . Yanzu yana da sanda a hannunsa, sai manzon Allah ya fusata ya ce, 'Me ke tsakanin su da Ammar? Yana kiran su zuwa Aljanna, alhali kuwa suna kiran sa zuwa ga wuta.” &lt;ref&gt;[http://sunnah.com/bukhari/8/96 Sahih Bukhari 1]; [https://books.google.com/books?id=8VnvFaMzAAsC&amp;pg=PA181&amp;lpg=PA181&amp;dq=%22they+will+invite+him%22+%22ammar%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=Pnnxst_P7L&amp;sig=WvE8XEaxwh-SQhnOmgpMd1stS5I&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=8UUMU8XgMuHT0QXT_oDgDQ&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q=%22they%20will%20invite%20him%22%20%22ammar%22&amp;f=false Sahih Bukhari 2]; [http://www.sacred-texts.com/isl/bukhari/bh4/bh4_66.htm Sahih Bukhari 3]; [http://islamicencyclopedia.org/public/index/singlehadith/id/1/book_id/114/hadith_id/7743 Sahih Bukhari 4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140421082622/http://islamicencyclopedia.org/public/index/singlehadith/id/1/book_id/114/hadith_id/7743 |date=2014-04-21 }}; Volume 1, Book 8, Number 438 &amp; Volume 4, Book 52, Number 67 (all different versions of this incident included), Retrieved on 25 Feb 2014&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Ishaq, 1955 p. 115&quot;&gt;Muhammad ibn Ishaq, ''Sirat Rasul Allah''. &lt;/ref&gt; Waɗannan rahotannin, waɗanda Ahlus-Sunnah da Shi'a suke ganin ingantattu, daga baya za su kasance masu mahimmanci yayin batun maye gurbi musamman wajen tafsirin mutuwar Ammar a yakin Siffin.

== Matsayin bayan rasuwar Muhammad ==


&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;A karkashin [[Umar Ibn Al-Khattab|Umar]], ya zama gwamnan [[Kufa]], amma daga baya aka cire shi daga mulki. &lt;ref&gt;[[Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari|Al-Tabari]], ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=fRjsrA5tfLIC&amp;pg=PA47&amp;dq=%22the+reason+for+%5Bthe+dismissal+of+'ammar%5D%22&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=BtB8U7z0NOiL0AWOuIDYDQ&amp;ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&amp;q=%22the%20reason%20for%20%5Bthe%20dismissal%20of%20'ammar%5D%22&amp;f=false The History of al-Tabari Vol. 14: The Conquest of Iran A.D. 641-643/A.H. 21-23]'', pages 47-51, Retrieved on May 21, 2014&lt;/ref&gt;

A lokacin zaben [[Usman Ibn Affan|Uthman bn Affan]] da [[shura]] suka yi, kafin daga bisani [[Kewaye da Uthman|Ammar]] ya yi hasashen rikicin da ke tafe idan aka zabe wani sai Ali ya ce: “Idan ba ku son kawo sabani a tsakanin musulmi, to ku bayar da mubaya'a ga Ali&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;'''Ammar ibn Yasir''': &quot;If you do not want to cause a dispute among the Muslims, you have to give the pledge of allegiance to Ali&quot;. &lt;/ref&gt; Dangantakar Ammar da [[Usman Ibn Affan|Uthman bn Affan]] ta lalace; ko da yake an ce za a iya cece-ku-ce kan yadda suke yi da juna. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;'Ammar ibn Yasir belonged to the camp of Ali, and when Uthman was chosen as the Caliph 'Ammar offered him his allegiance like the other Muslims, but he was not happy with the caliphate of Uthman. &lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yakin Rakumi ===
Kafin faruwar yaqin Rakumi, an kafa [[shura]] a yunqurin tantance wanda zai gaje shi bayan wafatin Usman;  a wannan taron, mahalarta ba su amince ba game da ko ramuwar gayya ga kisan Usman ya zama wajibi ko a'a. Rahoton `Alqama b. Waqqas al-Laythi na Kinana ya nuna cewa ʻAmmār ya ce kada su nemi fansa. &lt;ref name=&quot;The Succession to Muhammad&quot; /&gt; Madelung ya fassara halayen Ammar a wannan taron yana nuna muradinsa na hana [[Ɗalhahatu Ibn Ubaidullah|Talha]] samun mulki saboda Talha yana goyon bayan neman ramuwar gayya. Ammar ba zai so haka ba tunda &quot;ya kasance mafi himma wajen tunzura 'yan tawaye daukar mataki&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;The Succession to Muhammad&quot; /&gt;

Yayin da yakin ke ci gaba, Ammar ya ci gaba da nuna goyon bayansa ga Ali ta hanyoyi da dama. Ali ya fara tura shi tare da al-Hasan zuwa Kufa domin su yi kokarin hada kan Kufan domin su taimaka a yakin da ke tafe.  A cewar wani rahoto da [[Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari|al-Tabari]] ya rubuta, ʻAmmār an tambayi Ammar lokacin da ya isa saboda ya halarci kisan Usman; duk da haka, ya ci gaba da kokarin shawo kan gwamna [[Abu Musa al-Ashari|Abu Musa]] kan ya dauki matsaya maimakon ya ci gaba da nuna rashin son kai a rikicin.  Al-Tabari ya ruwaito yadda Abu Musa ya kwadaitar da Kufan da su kasance cikin tsaka mai wuya saboda ba ya son shiga cikin fada tsakanin musulmi, sannan kuma ya yi imanin cewa har yanzu al’ummar musulmi suna bin Usman ne saboda ba a bayyana sunan wani sabon magaji ba. Ƙarin watsa wannan waki’ar bai faɗi abin da Ammār ya yi wa Usman ba, maimakon haka ya mayar da hankali ga aniyarsa ta tilastawa Abu Musa aiki. &lt;ref name=&quot;History of al-Tabari&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=206}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin yakin, Ammar ya yi yaki a bangaren Ali. Al-Tabari ya haxa a cikin tarihinsa wani kissa &lt;ref name=&quot;History of al-Tabari&quot; /&gt; wanda a cikinsa aka gaya wa [[Zubayr ibn al-Awam|al-Zubayr]] cewa ʻAmmār yana yaƙi tare da Ali, kuma wannan ilimin ya sa al-Zubair ya ji tsoro domin ya kasance tare da Muhammad da ʻAmār lokacin da Muhammadu ya gaya wa ʻAmmār cewa. za a kashe shi da “mugayen gungun mutane”. &lt;ref name=&quot;Ishaq, 1955 p. 115&quot;&gt;Muhammad ibn Ishaq, ''Sirat Rasul Allah''. &lt;/ref&gt; Al-Tabari ya sake hada da rahotanni da yawa na wannan lamari, wanda a wannan yanayin wani lokaci ne a lokacin yakin da 'Ammār da al-Zubayr suka yi arangama da juna. &lt;ref name=&quot;History of al-Tabari&quot; /&gt; A cikin duka bayanan ʻAmmār ya tunkari al-Zubayr don ya kai masa hari, lokacin da al-Zubayr ke magana. A cikin rahoton Umar b. Shabbah, al-Zubayr ya tambayi ʻAmmār, &quot;Shin kana so ka kashe ni?&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;History of al-Tabari&quot; /&gt; Amma a cikin haka daga Amir b. Hafs, al-Zubayr ya tambaya, &quot;Shin za ka kashe ni, Abu al Yaqzan?&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;History of al-Tabari&quot; /&gt; A cikin duka rahotannin, ʻAmmār ba ya da kyau. A karshen yakin da aka yi nasara a bangaren Ali, Ali ya umurci 'Ammar da Muhammad bn Abi Bakr da su cire [[Aisha]] daga rakuminta, su kai ta gidan Abdallah bn Khalaf al-Khuza I a [[Basra|Basrah]] ; &lt;ref name=&quot;History of al-Tabari&quot; /&gt; saboda Al-Tabari ya nanata kawo rahotanni da yawa daga masu watsawa daban-daban, irin wannan bambance-bambance a daidaitattun bayanan abubuwan da suka faru -a wancan lokacin- ya sa ba a bayyana yanayin taron ʻAmmār da 'A'ishah da aka ruwaito ba. ʻA'ishah tana adawa da `Ammār, &lt;ref name=&quot;History of al-Tabari&quot; /&gt; yayin da wani rahoto daga baya ya kwatanta su biyun da cewa sun fi dacewa da juna. &lt;ref name=&quot;History of al-Tabari&quot; /&gt;

=== Shahada a Yakin Siffin ===
Yayin da yake yin dabarar yadda za a yi galaba a kan sojojin [[Mu'awiya|Muawiyah na I]], Ali ya tara gungun manyan masu mulki na Musulunci da suka hada da ʻAmmār, Hashim ibn Utbah, da Qays ibn Sa’d, wanda gaba xaya, suka kwadaitar da Ali ya yi jihadi da gangan wanda suke ganin ya yi. zama cikin kuskure.  Shi ma Malik Al-Ashtar ya fadi wannan ra'ayi (duk da haka a wani lamari na daban). &lt;ref&gt;'''Dr. Mohammad Nurul Alam''': &quot;Before marching towards Muawiya, Imam Ali (A.S.) tried to settle matters peacefully by sending Jarir, chief of Bani Bajila and the governor of Hamdan, to Syria as an envoy. &lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya a yakin, an kawo sunan Ammār a lokacin da ake ƙoƙarin yin sulhu tsakanin Ali, wanda Shabath ibn Rib'i ya wakilta, da Mu'awiya. &lt;ref name=&quot;The Succession to Muhammad&quot; /&gt;  An ruwaito cewa Shabath ya tambayi Mu'awiya, &quot;Shin zai faranta maka rai Ya Mu'awiya, idan aka ba ka iko a kan 'Ammar, ka kashe shi?&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;History of al-Tabari&quot; /&gt; Martanin Mu’awiya ya ce, “Me zai hana? Amma wallahi da a ce an ba ni mulki a kan Ibn Sumayya, da ba zan kashe shi don daukar fansa ga Usman [kawai] ba face Natil maula Usman”. Martanin Shabath ya kasance na karewa da kare ʻAmmār. A yakin Siffin a Al-Sham, Ali ya nada ʻAmmar a matsayin shugaban sojojin kasan Kufan, kuma a rana ta uku na yakin ya yi kokarin kwadaitar da dakarunsa zuwa ga nasara ta hanyar tunatar da su irin ta'asar Mu'awiya da dakarunsa. &lt;ref name=&quot;History of al-Tabari&quot; /&gt; Daga karshe ʻAmmār ya yi shahada a yakin da sojojin Mu’awiya bn Abi Sufyan suka yi a shekara ta 657. &lt;ref name=&quot;History of al-Tabari&quot; /&gt;

Hanzala bin Khawalid yana cewa:

Ina zaune tare da Mu'awiya. Mutane biyu ne suka yi ta gwabzawa kan kan Ammar bin Yassar. Kowannensu yana cewa &quot;Na kashe Ammar.&quot; Sai Abdullahi bn Amr ya ce: “Kowanenku yana farin ciki da kashe wannan mutum, hakika na ji daga Annabi yana cewa: Ya Ammar ‘yan tawaye za su yi shahada. 

Ikrima ya ruwaito cewa: Ibn Abbas ya ce masa da Ali binu Abdullahi su je wurin Abu Sa’id su saurari wasu ruwayoyinsa; Sai suka tafi (sai suka ga) Abu Sa'id da ɗan'uwansa suna ban ruwa a gonarsu. Da ya gansu sai ya nufo su ya zauna ya zare kafafunsa ya nannade cikin rigarsa ya ce: (Lokacin da ake aikin ginin masallacin Annabi) mun dauki ado na masallaci, bulo daya a daya. yayin da 'Ammar ya kasance yana ɗaukar biyu a lokaci ɗaya. Sai Manzon Allah (saww) ya wuce wajen Ammar ya cire masa kurar da ke kansa, ya ce: “Allah Ya yi wa Ammar Rahma. Ƙungiya mai tayar da hankali za ta kashe shi. Ammar zai kira su zuwa ga Allah, kuma su kira shi zuwa ga wuta. ( [[Sahi al-Bukhari|Sahihul Bukhari]] hadisi na 2812).

Yayin da rahotanni suka bambanta dangane da ainihin shekarun Ammar, yawancin suna sanya shi shekaru casa'in ko fiye.  Madelung ya sanya shi yana da shekaru sama da 90; &lt;ref name=&quot;The Succession to Muhammad&quot; /&gt; yayin da Hasson ya ce yana wani wuri tsakanin 90 da 94.  A cewar wani rahoto Tabari ya bayar, `Abdallah b. Amr ya tambayi mahaifinsa, ʻAmr b.al-As, game da kashe ʻAmmār. Abdallah ya ambaci hadisin da Muhammadu ya gaya wa ʻAmmār cewa “ƙungiyar masu cin zarafi” za su kashe shi.  Amr ya kawo wannan damuwa ga Mu'awiya wanda martaninsa shine &quot;Shin mu ne muka kashe 'Ammar? Sai dai wadanda suka kawo shi nan”. An ce Ali bn Abi Talib ya amsa cewa idan ya kashe Ammar to Muhammadu shi ne ya kashe [[Hamza|Hamza bn Abdul-Muddalib]] . &lt;ref&gt;Syed A. A. Razwy, ''A Restatement of the History of Islam &amp; Muslims C.E. 570 to 661'', page 504, [[google:+openly+weeping+in+commiseration+of&amp;btnG=Search+Books&amp;tbm=bks&amp;tbo=1#q=%22Muhammad+had+killed+hamza%22&amp;tbm=bks|World Federation; 1st edition (1997)]], Retrieved on 10 Mar 2014&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Ammar_ibn_Yasir's_tomb_or_shrine_before_its_destruction.jpg|right|thumb|300x300px| Musulmi a hubbaren Ammar bn Yasir kafin halakar da shi.]]
Muhammad ya nufi Ammar bn Yasir a matsayin daya daga cikin sahabbai hudu da ya kamata musulmi su kula da shiriyarsu da kuma kasancewarsu wadanda aka yi alkawarin aljanna . &lt;ref&gt;&quot;So high a ranking did 'Ammar have among the Companions, that the Prophet Mohammad said: 'Follow the example of those two who come after me, Abu Bakr and Umar. &lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;”Huthaifa related that the Prophet said: &quot;I do not know how long I shall be with you, so accept the leadership of the two who will follow me (and he pointed to Abu Bakr and Umar), and follow the guidance of Ammar. &lt;/ref&gt;

Lokacin da Ammar ya rasu, Mu'awiya ya kira shi da &quot;ɗayan hannun dama Ali&quot; da ɗayan kuma Malik al-Ashtar . Madelung ya nakalto Al-Tabari ta hanyar ruwaito abin da Mu’awiya ya gaya wa mabiyansa bayan ya kashe wani sahabi mai aminci ga Imam Ali, Malik al-Ashtar : “Ali b. Abi Talib yana da hannayen dama biyu. An yanke daya daga cikinsu a Siffin', ma'ana `Ammār b. Yasir, 'da sauran yau', ma'ana al-Ashtar&quot;  Duk da tsokanar Mu'awiya, ʻAli ibn Abi Talib, [[Khalifofi|Halifa]] a lokacin, yana matuqar daraja goyon bayan Ammar bn Yasir da Malik al-Ashtar duk da haka.  Ali ya yi jimamin rashin Ammar sosai. &lt;ref name=&quot;Razwy2014B&quot;&gt;'''Sayed Ali Asgher Razwy''': &quot;When Ali heard that Ammar was killed in action, he recited the 156th verse of the 2nd chapter of Al-Qur’an al-Majid as follows:
'We are for God, and toward Him is our return.'
&lt;/ref&gt;

Haramin Ammar, kafin a ruguza shi, musulmi ne sukan kai ziyara tare da karrama shi. &lt;ref&gt;'''The Washington Times''': &quot;As important figures in Islamic history, the attack on the shrines of these figures will likely be viewed as an affront to the Shiite Muslims who typically perform pilgrimages at the memorial. &lt;/ref&gt;

An yi wa tsohon shugaban Falasdinawa Yasser Arafat laqabi da &quot;Abu Ammar&quot; bayan Ammar bn Yasser. &lt;ref&gt;'''[[Helena Cobban]]''' (before Yasser Arafat's marriage): &quot;Yasser Arafat is not married, but is called 'Abu 'Ammar' as an inversion of the name of the heroic early Muslim warrior 'Ammar bin ('son of) Yasser. &lt;/ref&gt;

=== Wulakanta gidan ibada ===
Musulmai sun yi Allah &lt;ref&gt;Shiitenews.com, ''[http://www.shiitenews.com/index.php/pakistan/9407-mwm-iso-protest-against-desecration-of-holy-shrines Majlis-e-Wehdatul Muslimeen (MWM) and Imamia Students Organization (ISO) protest against desecration of holy shrines] {{Webarchive}}'', Retrieved on 21 May 2014&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Majlis Ulama-e-Shia (Europe), [http://majlis.org.uk/majlis-e-ulama-shia-europe-condemns-the-terrorist-attacks-on-the-holy-shrines-of-ammar-ibn-yassir-ra-and-uwais-al-qarani-ra/ ''Majlis e Ulama Shia Europe condemns the terrorist attacks on the Holy Shrines of Ammar Ibn Yassir (ra) and Uwais Al-Qarani (RA)''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505115034/http://majlis.org.uk/majlis-e-ulama-shia-europe-condemns-the-terrorist-attacks-on-the-holy-shrines-of-ammar-ibn-yassir-ra-and-uwais-al-qarani-ra/ |date=2019-05-05 }}, Retrieved on 21 May 2014&lt;/ref&gt; wadai da rugujewar wurin ibadar Ammar kuma ya haifar da bacin rai a sassa daban-daban na duniyar [[Duniyar Musulunci|musulmi]] . &lt;ref&gt;The Siasat Daily, ''[http://www.siasat.com/english/news/protest-india-against-desecration-shrines-hazrat-owais-qarni-and-ammar-yasir-ra Protest in India against desecration of shrines of Hazrat Owais Qarni and Ammar Yasir (RA)]'', Retrieved on 21 May 2014&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Universal Muslim Association of America (UMAA), ''[http://www.umaamerica.net/content/press-release-shrine-ammar-ibn-yasser Press Release: Shrine of Ammar Ibn Yasser] {{Webarchive}}'', Retrieved on 21 May 2014&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* Rushewar wuraren tarihi na Musulunci na farko a Saudiyya
* Jerin zirga-zirgar Annabi Muhammad
* Uwais al-Qarani

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* [https://www.al-islam.org/print/book/export/html/18026 Tarihin Ammar bin Yasir]
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      <text bytes="14773" sha1="lswpntqrvk57aprtl7ykk5i2w4e3ikj" xml:space="preserve">'''Abdullahi Yusuf Ali''', CBE, MA, LL. M, FRSA, FRSL ( /ɑː ˈliː / ; {{Lang-ur|عبداللہ یوسف علی}}   &amp;#x200E; 14 Afrilu 1872&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q2uPX9hQfyEC|title=Searching for Solace: A Biography of Abdullah Yusuf Ali, Interpreter of the Qur'an|last=Sherif|first=M. A.|date=1 January 1994|publisher=Searching for Solace|isbn=9789839154009|page=4|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; - 10 Disamba 1953) barista ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya wanda ya rubuta littafai da dama game da Musulunci ciki har da tafsirin [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]]. Magoya bayan yunƙurin yaƙin Birtaniya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|yakin duniya na]] ɗaya, Ali ya karbi CBE a 1917 saboda ayyukan da ya yi. Ya mutu a London a 1953.

== Rayuwar farko ==
[[File:Wilson_College_Bombay_1893.jpg|left|thumb| Ali ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Wilson da ke Bombay, wanda aka nuna a nan cikin 1893]]

An haifi Ali a garin Bombay na ƙasar Indiya, ɗan Yusuf Ali Allahbuksh (ya rasu a shekara ta 1891), wanda kuma aka fi sani da Khan Bahadur Yusuf Ali, wanda ɗan asalin [[Shi'a]] Isma'ili ne a al'adar [[Dawudi Bohra]], wanda daga baya ya zama [[Sunna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afifi&quot;/&gt; kuma wanda ya juya baya ga sana’ar gargajiya ta al’ummarsa ta kasuwanci, maimakon haka ya zama Sufeton ‘yan sanda na Gwamnati. A lokacin da ya yi ritaya, ya sami laƙabin '''Khan Bahadur''' a aikin gwamnati.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cambridge&quot;&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=MWSiYp0-AGEC&amp;pg=PA627&amp;lpg=PA627&amp;dq=Abdullah+Yusuf+Ali+cbe&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=jyGfIRgET1&amp;sig=Eq2ftlq7_z0P-eLv1-6l6p2cSLY&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwj4j_iflonSAhXrKMAKHRk5BAc4HhDoAQg7MAY#v=onepage&amp;q=Abdullah%20Yusuf%20Ali%20cbe&amp;f=false Yusuf Ali in ''Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students, Graduates and Holders of Office at the University of Cambridge from the Earliest Times to 1900'', Volume 2: From 1752 to 1900, Cambridge University Press (1954)] – [[Google Books]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=ODNB&gt;Khizar Humayun Ansari, 'Ali, Abdullah Yusuf (1872–1953)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Oct 2012; online edn, Jan 2013 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/95416, accessed 12 February 2017]&lt;/ref&gt; Lokacin yana yaro, Abdullah Yusuf Ali ya halarci makarantar Anjuman Himayat-ul-Islam sannan ya yi karatu a makarantar mishan ta Wilson College, duka a Bombay.&lt;ref name=ODNB/&gt;&lt;ref name=Lecture/&gt; Ya kuma sami ilimi na addini kuma a ƙarshe ya iya karatun kur'ani gabaɗaya. Yana magana da harshen Larabci da Ingilishi sosai. Ya mayar da hankalinsa kan kur’ani da karatun tafsirin kur’ani tun daga farkon waɗanda aka rubuta a farkon tarihin Musulunci. Ali ya yi digiri na farko a fannin adabin Turanci a [[Jami'ar Bombay]] a watan Janairun 1891 yana da shekaru 19 kuma an ba shi takardar shaidar karatun bombay don yin karatu a [[Jami'ar Cambridge]] ta Ingila.&lt;ref name=Lecture/&gt;

Ali ya fara zuwa [[Biritaniya]] ne a shekarar 1891 inda ya karanta fannin shari'a a Kwalejin [[St John's College]] da ke Cambridge da kuma bayan ya kammala karatunsa na BA da LL. B a cikin 1895 ya koma Indiya a cikin wannan shekarar tare da matsayi a cikin Ma'aikatar Jama'a ta Indiya (ICS), daga baya aka kira shi Bar a Lincoln's Inn a 1896 ba ya nan. Ya samu MA da LL. M a shekara ta 1901.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cambridge&quot; /&gt; Ya auri Teresa Mary Shalders (1873-1956) a Cocin St Peter's a [[Bournemouth]] a cikin 1900,&lt;ref name=&quot;ODNB&quot; /&gt; kuma tare da ita yana da 'ya'ya maza uku da mace: Edris Yusuf Ali (1901-1992), Asghar Bloy Yusuf Ali (1902-1971). ), Alban Hyder Yusuf Ali (1904-), da Leila Teresa Ali (1906-).&lt;ref&gt;[http://person.ancestry.com/tree/17456315/person/28100949531/facts The Family of Abdullah Yusf Ali] - [[Ancestry.com]] - pay to view&lt;/ref&gt; Matarsa da 'ya'yansa sun zauna daban-daban a [[Tunbridge Wells]], [[St Albans]] da [[Norwich]] yayin da Ali ya koma bakin aikinsa a Indiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Alibio&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.masud.co.uk/ISLAM/bmh/BMH-IRO-famous_muslims.htm|title=Famous London Muslims|website=www.masud.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya koma [[Biritaniya]] a 1905 a kan hutu na shekaru biyu daga ICS kuma a wannan lokacin an zaɓe shi Fellow na [[Royal Society of Arts]] da [[Royal Society of Literature]].&lt;ref name=&quot;OUbio&quot;&gt;[http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/yusuf-ali Abdullah Yusuf Ali – 'Making Britain: Discover how South Asians shaped the nation, 1870–1950'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120235951/http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/yusuf-ali |date=2018-01-20 }} – [[Open University]]&lt;/ref&gt; Ali ya fara jan hankalin jama’a ne a Biritaniya bayan ya gabatar da wata lacca a [[Royal Society of Arts]] da ke Landan a shekarar 1906, wanda mai ba shi shawara Sir [[George Birdwood]] ya shirya. Wani mai ba da shawara shi ne [[Lord James Meston]], tsohon Laftanar Gwamna na Lardunan United, wanda, lokacin da aka naɗa shi Memba na Kuɗi na Gwamnatin Indiya ya naɗa Ali a mukamai a gundumomi daban-daban a [[Indiya]] wanda kuma ya ƙunshi gajeren lokaci biyu a matsayin Mataimakin Sakatare (1907). sannan Mataimakin Sakatare (1911-12) a Sashen Kudi na Gwamnatin Indiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;ODNB&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Salaam&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.salaam.co.uk/knowledge/biography/viewentry.php?id=1777|title=Abdullah Yusuf Ali – Biographical Dictionary on salaam.co.uk|access-date=2022-12-14|archive-date=2018-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006134508/http://www.salaam.co.uk/knowledge/biography/viewentry.php?id=1777|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Iyali da aiki==
[[Khizar Humayun Ansari]], marubucin tarihin rayuwarsa a ƙamus na Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, ya rubuta game da Ali:
 
&lt;blockquote&gt;
Abdullah Yusuf Ali ya kasance na Ƙungiyar musulmin Indiya daga kwararrun iyalai wadanda suka damu da matsayi. A kokarinsa na neman tasiri, nuna wariya, idan ba rashin hankali ba, ya zama babban sifa na dangantakarsa da Birtaniya. A lokacin da ya inganta lokaci na rayuwarsa ya gauraye da yawa a cikin manya-aji da'irori, assiduously noma dangantaka da mambobi na Turanci elite. Ya burge shi musamman da dabi'un da a fili da kuma jin daɗin waɗanda yake tarayya da su, kuma, a sakamakon haka, ya zama Anglophile marar kuskure. Aurensa da Teresa Shalders bisa ga al'adar Cocin Ingila, karbar bakuncin liyafar ga masu nagarta da masu girma, dandanonsa ga kayan tarihi da al'adu na Hellenic da sha'awar jarumarsa, sha'awar sana'a a Indiya a matsayin hanyar daidaitawa. rarrabuwar ƙabilanci da zamantakewa, da bayar da shawararsa na yada tunanin masu ra'ayin ra'ayi da na zamani ta hanyar ilimin boko, duk ƙoƙari ne na gaske na shiga cikin al'ummar [[Birtaniya]].&lt;ref name=ODNB/&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Tafiyarsa akai-akai tsakanin Indiya da Biritaniya ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar aurensa kuma matarsa Teresa Mary Shalders ta yi rashin aminci a gare shi kuma ta haifi ɗan shege a cikin 1910,&lt;ref name=Lecture/&gt; hakan yasa ya sake ta a 1912&lt;ref&gt;[http://interactive.ancestry.com/2465/40243_636897_8793-00000/69695?backurl=http://person.ancestry.com/tree/17456315/person/28100948612/facts/citation/140210484528/edit/record Divorce of Abdullah Yusuf Ali and Teresa Mary Yusuf Ali (1912)] - [[Ancestry.com]] - pay to view&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya sami kulawa. ’ya’yansu huɗu, wadanda ya bar su tare da gomnati a Ingila.&lt;ref name=Alibio/&gt; Duk da haka, 'ya'yansa sun ƙi shi kuma a ziyarar zuwa London a nan gaba a cikin 1920s da 1930s ya zauna a [[National Liberal Club]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;Encyc&quot;&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=bYtmAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA42&amp;lpg=PA42&amp;dq=Abdullah+Yusuf+Ali+cbe&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=yu7cEX5Rh_&amp;sig=OXsijBiR35haiGki13aD0qRNdzo&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwj4j_iflonSAhXrKMAKHRk5BAc4HhDoAQgzMAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=Abdullah%20Yusuf%20Ali%20cbe&amp;f=false Ian Richard Netton, ''Encyclopedia of Islamic Civilisation and Religion''], Routledge (2008) - [[Google Books]] pg 42&lt;/ref&gt; A 1914 Ali ya yi murabus daga ICS ya zauna a Biritaniya inda ya zama amintaccen [[masallacin Shah Jehan]] a [[Woking]] kuma a 1921 ya zama mai kula da asusun gina [[masallacin gabashin London]].&lt;ref name=ODNB/&gt; Yayin da yakin duniya na ɗaya ya ɓarke, ba kamar [[musulmi]] da yawa a [[Biritaniya]] ba waɗanda suka ji daɗin ba da goyon bayan yakin da Birtaniya ke yi da 'yan uwan musulmi na [[Daular Usmaniyya]], Ali ya kasance mai matukar goyon baya ga gudunmawar Indiyawa ga yunƙurin yaƙin,&lt;ref name=Alibio/&gt; har zuwa wannan. rubuta labarai, ba da jawabai na jama'a da gudanar da yawon shakatawa na Scandinavia&lt;ref name=ODNB/&gt; kuma an naɗa shi CBE a cikin 1917 don ayyukansa na wannan dalilin. A wannan shekarar ya shiga ma'aikatan Makarantar Nazarin Gabas a matsayin malami a [[Hindustani]].&lt;ref name=OUbio/&gt;

Ya auri Gertrude Anne Mawbey (1895 – 1984) a shekara ta 1920, kuma ta ɗauki sunan musulma ‘Masuma’ ta dawo tare da shi zuwa Indiya don gujewa tsangwamar da ma’auratan suka sha daga ‘ya’yan Ali daga aurensa na farko, wanda ya fusata shi da sabuwar matarsa. A cikin wasiyyarsa Ali ya ambaci dansa na biyu Asghar Bloy Yusuf Ali wanda ya yi nisa har ya kai ga cin zarafi, zagi da tsananta mini lokaci zuwa lokaci.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lecture&quot;&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=cYHaa42tLlAC&amp;pg=PA11&amp;lpg=PA11&amp;dq=masuma+yusuf+ali&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=GzTFIDpAko&amp;sig=tlJe7WgT50sAOpvfwXtd7rHFTCs&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjz2__PzYvSAhWJDcAKHerPCT0Q6AEILDAF#v=onepage&amp;q=masuma%20yusuf%20ali&amp;f=false M.A. Sherif, ''The Abdullah Yusuf Ali Memorial Lecture''], Islamic Book Trust, Kuala Lumpur (2008) - [[Google Books]] pg 11&lt;/ref&gt;

Tare da Mawbey yana da ɗa, Rashid (an haife shi 1922/3),&lt;ref name=Lecture/&gt; amma wannan auren kuma ya ƙare cikin rashin nasara.&lt;ref name=Encyc/&gt; Ya kasance haziki mai daraja a Indiya kuma Sir [[Muhammad Iqbal]] ya ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin shugaban Kwalejin Islamia a [[Lahore]], yana aiki daga 1925 zuwa 1927 da kuma daga 1935 zuwa 1937. Hakanan ya kasance Fellow da syndic na Jami'ar Punjab (1925-8 da 1935-9) kuma memba na Kwamitin Binciken Jami'ar Punjab (1932-33). Daga cikin wallafe-wallafensa akwai ''Ideals Educational Muslim'' (1923),''Muhimman Abubuwan Islama'' (1929), ''Ilimin halin kirki: Aims and Methods'' (1930), ''Personality of Man in Islam'' (1931), da ''The Message of Islam'' (1940). Koyaya, sanannen aikinsa na ilimi shine fassararsa zuwa Turanci da tafsirin Kur'ani, Kur'ani Mai Girma: Rubutu, Fassara da Tafsiri (1934-8; bugu na 1939-40), wanda ya kasance ɗayan biyu mafi girma. Fassarar Ingilishi da ake amfani da su sosai (ɗayan shine fassarar Marmaduke Pickthall ).&lt;ref name=Alibio/&gt; Ya yi aiki a tawagar Indiya zuwa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a 1928.&lt;ref name=Cambridge/&gt;&lt;ref name=ODNB/&gt;&lt;ref name=OUbio/&gt;

==Bayan shekaru==
[[File:Abdullah Yusuf Ali Grave Brookwood.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Grave of Abdullah Yusuf Ali a maƙabartar [[Brookwood Cemetery]]]]

A cikin Disamba 1938 yayin da yake rangadi don inganta fassararsa, Ali ya taimaka wajen buɗe [[Masallacin Al-Rashid]], masallaci na uku a Arewacin Amirka, a [[Edmonton]], [[Alberta]], [[Kanada]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://muslim-canada.org/alrashidmosque.html |title=Al Rashid Mosque in Edmonton |access-date=12 June 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305234233/http://muslim-canada.org/alrashidmosque.html |archive-date=5 March 2009 |url-status=dead  }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.alrashidonline.com/history.php|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080708193021/http://www.alrashidonline.com/history.php|url-status=dead|title=Canadian Islam Centre - History|archivedate=8 July 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 1947 Ali yana cikin yawancin Indiyawan da suka dawo Indiya bayan samun 'yancin kai don ɗaukar Muƙaman siyasa. Duk da haka, a wurinsa matakin bai yi nasara ba, ya koma Landan inda ya zama mai rauni a hankali da jiki, yana zaune a keɓe da danginsa da kuma tsarin mulkin Birtaniya da ya yi tarayya da su a baya. Ba wani ƙayyadadden wurin zama ba, Ali ya shafe mafi yawan shekaru goma na rayuwarsa ko dai yana zaune a National Liberal Club, a cikin Royal Commonwealth Society ko kuma yawo kan titunan London da rayuwa cikin talauci duk da yana da £20,578 16s 3d a banki.&lt;ref name=Salaam/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://interactive.ancestry.com/1904/32858_625537_2393-00036/15002410?backurl=&amp;ssrc=&amp;backlabel=Return Probate Record for Abdullah Yusuf Ali (1954)] - [[Ancestry.com]] - pay to view&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 9 ga Disamba 1953 'yan sanda &lt;ref name=Encyc/&gt; sun gano Ali ba shi da hali kuma yana cikin ruɗani a wata kofa a Westminster. An sallame shi washegari kuma wani gida na Majalisar gundumar Landan don tsofaffi a Titin Dovehouse a Chelsea ya ɗauke shi. Anan ya sami bugun zuciya a ranar 10 ga Disamba kuma an garzaya da shi asibitin St Stephen da ke [[Fulham]] inda ya mutu shi kadai a ranar.&lt;ref name=ODNB/&gt;&lt;ref name=Alibio/&gt;

Babu wani dangi da ya yi ikirarin gawar amma babban hukumar Pakistan ta san Ali; sun shirya jana'izarsa da binne shi a sashin [[musulmi]] a [[makabartar Brookwood]] kusa da [[Woking]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.ibtbooks.com/lecture/aboutaya.php |title=The Third Abdullah Yusus Ali Memorial Lecture (2013) |access-date=13 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214102349/http://www.ibtbooks.com/lecture/aboutaya.php |archive-date=14 February 2017 |url-status=dead  }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tafsirin Alqur'ani==
{{Main|The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary}}
An buga juzu'i 30 na fassarar Alqur'ani. A [[Saudi Arabiya]], Fadar Shugaban Kasa ta Cibiyar Nazarin Musulunci, ta gyara ainihin fassarar Yusuf Ali.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.learnreligions.com/top-english-translations-of-the-quran-2004604|title=4 Top English Translations of the Quran|date=15 June 2019|work=learnreligions.com|access-date=4 February 2020|archive-date=4 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204035552/https://www.learnreligions.com/top-english-translations-of-the-quran-2004604|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[The Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project]], wanda &quot;musamman ya fi mayar da hankali ga mazhabar Shi'a goma sha biyu &quot;, ya yi nazarin bugu na fassarar Ali don tabbatar da ko sun kiyaye fahimtar Ali na ainihin rubutun Larabci. Sun tabbatar an sami sauye-sauye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.al-islam.org/tahrif/yusufali/index.htm  |title=Investigating Distortions in Islamic Texts |work=[[Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project]]|access-date=4 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Manazarta==
{{Reflist|2}}

=Hanyoyin haɗi na waje=
* {{gutenberg author| id=Ali+Abdullah+Yusuf | name=Abdullah Yusuf Ali}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Abdullah Yusuf Ali |sopt=t}}

[[Category:Haifaffun 1872]]
[[Category:Mutuwan 1953]]
[[Category:Marubuta daga Mumbai]]
[[Category:Dawoodi Bohras]]
[[Category:Mafassarin Alqur'ani zuwa Yaren Ingilishi]]
[[Category:Ɗalibin Jami'ar Mumbai]]
[[Category:Ɗalibin Kwalejin St John's, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Mamba a Lincoln's Inn]]</text>
      <sha1>lswpntqrvk57aprtl7ykk5i2w4e3ikj</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria</title>
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Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirin kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulki don sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattauna tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
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Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirin kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulki don sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattauna tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838517</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:18:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
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      <origin>838517</origin>
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      <text bytes="5439" sha1="tthn4x0kl9bycthl5a8mm4h5hhtq8wv" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirin kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulki don sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattauna tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>tthn4x0kl9bycthl5a8mm4h5hhtq8wv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838520</id>
      <parentid>838517</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:22:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838520</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5447" sha1="kb885jitt21wyba5dyz3mgbhhlh8533" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulki don sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattauna tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>kb885jitt21wyba5dyz3mgbhhlh8533</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838522</id>
      <parentid>838520</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:26:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838522</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5449" sha1="cohejlvvr2embbpqlyz3776at41q3do" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulki don sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattauna tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>cohejlvvr2embbpqlyz3776at41q3do</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838523</id>
      <parentid>838522</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:28:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838523</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5455" sha1="jnnjhgu213jbm1n1dhjh0rw64958osz" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa don sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattauna tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>jnnjhgu213jbm1n1dhjh0rw64958osz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838525</id>
      <parentid>838523</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:29:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838525</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5460" sha1="bh1b9p51dpml4vaixn198pwnwksqmyh" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattauna tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>bh1b9p51dpml4vaixn198pwnwksqmyh</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838527</id>
      <parentid>838525</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:30:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838527</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5461" sha1="0uyoppk5jrl5kpw30sa4hfdyvr3uph7" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattauna tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>0uyoppk5jrl5kpw30sa4hfdyvr3uph7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838528</id>
      <parentid>838527</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:32:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838528</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5462" sha1="7qa78kmk64m9arj9vjgoap93am4x33c" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>7qa78kmk64m9arj9vjgoap93am4x33c</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838529</id>
      <parentid>838528</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:33:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838529</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5470" sha1="jr5btaqdmkxhd6617xtje9z7aqi5jon" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa game da tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>jr5btaqdmkxhd6617xtje9z7aqi5jon</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838530</id>
      <parentid>838529</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:34:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838530</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5476" sha1="tt6r0ixza13ckujiohrcpxkiidsz1id" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa game da tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>tt6r0ixza13ckujiohrcpxkiidsz1id</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838531</id>
      <parentid>838530</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:35:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838531</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5475" sha1="3m0isx2y32lu0ol9kiuherb3b1d7xwe" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa game da tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyya National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>3m0isx2y32lu0ol9kiuherb3b1d7xwe</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838533</id>
      <parentid>838531</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:36:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838533</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5478" sha1="pd8ree0ottlp3ibzhpue1s9pbnjxypp" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa game da tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyya ta National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya-shiyya don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>pd8ree0ottlp3ibzhpue1s9pbnjxypp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838536</id>
      <parentid>838533</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:45:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838536</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5479" sha1="2p20l217mfbhnuhj4pns9ljvjlwh0b7" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa game da tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyya ta National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya shiyyar don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta zabi sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>2p20l217mfbhnuhj4pns9ljvjlwh0b7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838541</id>
      <parentid>838536</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:49:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838541</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5480" sha1="lqr6xgug9z915enhm7womr9x747qp6c" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa game da tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyya ta National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya shiyyar don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta fidda sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>lqr6xgug9z915enhm7womr9x747qp6c</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838543</id>
      <parentid>838541</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:51:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838543</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5485" sha1="qvjr8w1d5x1xie0i5gh9439bac4o0dt" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa game da tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyya ta National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya shiyyar don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta fidda sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da kuma Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarar manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>qvjr8w1d5x1xie0i5gh9439bac4o0dt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838545</id>
      <parentid>838543</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:55:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838545</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5488" sha1="c51k6phli0x0aceqk6bvufzmkr812z3" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa game da tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyya ta National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya shiyyar don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta fidda sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da kuma Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarkarun manyan zabuka biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>c51k6phli0x0aceqk6bvufzmkr812z3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838546</id>
      <parentid>838545</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:56:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838546</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5492" sha1="jx37ror22zyssc1j9jwotprd0p82bbo" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa game da tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyya ta National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya shiyyar don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta fidda sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da kuma Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarkarun manyan zabuka gudabiyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>jx37ror22zyssc1j9jwotprd0p82bbo</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838547</id>
      <parentid>838546</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:56:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838547</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5493" sha1="65l3sgiylbcuavuxd1q0kyke86y73sw" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa game da tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyya ta National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya shiyyar don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta fidda sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da kuma Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarkarun manyan zabuka guda biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>65l3sgiylbcuavuxd1q0kyke86y73sw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838550</id>
      <parentid>838547</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:58:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838550</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5499" sha1="54tlc1elohlzyinmoxlguxf0an51u7o" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Jam'iyyar '''National Party of Nigeria''' ('''NPN''') ita ce babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Najeriya a lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu (1979-1983).&lt;ref&gt;https://nigerianscholars.com/tutorials/nigerian-party-politics/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[Fayil:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Tambarin Nigeria]]
===== Samuwar Jam'iyyar NPN =====
Mafarin jam’iyyar na iya kasancewa shi ne ganawar sirri da aka yi wasu lokuta tsakanin manyan shugabannin Arewacin [[Najeriya]] bayan haramta jam’iyyun siyasa a shekarar ta 1966 da gwamnatocin mulkin soja na wanan lokaci [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] suka yi. Wasu tsirarun ‘yan jam’iyyun da aka haramtawa zama a yankin Arewacin Najeriya sun fara shirye shiryen kafa jam’iyyar arewa domin shirin komawa kan tafarkin [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuradiyya]], kungiyar ta kuma tuntubi ‘yan kudancin Najeriya kan batun kafa jam’iyyar a kasa ta gaskiya. Taron tsarin mulki da aka shirya a 1977 don shirya kundin tsarin mulkin kasa, don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin dimokraɗiyya, ya tabbatar da mafi kyawun hanyar da mambobin ƙungiyar da ke tasowa za su gana da tattaunwa game da tsare-tsaren yankunansu da al'ummarsu. A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, 1978, aka kafa jam’iyya ta National Party of Nigeria, wadda ta kunshi ‘yan majalisar wakilai, kuma Makaman Bida, tsohon dan jam’iyyar NPC ne ya jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062804/https://nigerianwiki.com/National_Party_of_Nigeria |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da aka kafa jam'iyyar, jam'iyyar ta iya zana fiye da ita na tsoffin mambobin NPC kuma ta jawo hankalin wasu 'yan siyasa na jamhuriya ta farko kamar [[Joseph Tarka]], tsohon shugaban United Middle Belt Congress, KO Mbadiwe, wanda ya taba zama minista da kuma [[Remi Fani-Kayode]], tsohon dan jam'iyyar NNDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203231723/https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/NPN.html#gsc.tab=0 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoban 1978, jam'iyyar ta amince da shiyya shiyyar don zabar jami'an jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta fidda sabon shugabanta, Augustus Akinloye, dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar Yarbawa]] kuma tsohon ministan gwamnatin Najeriya na jam’iyyar National Democratic Party a kan ‘yan takara kamar Fani Kayode, Adeyinka Adebayo da kuma Adeleke Adedoyin. Zaben dan kudancin Najeriya ya share fagen tafiya da dan takarar shugaban kasa zuwa ginshikin jam'iyyar: jihohin Hausa-Fulani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223060450/https://classhall.com/lesson/the-national-party-of-nigeria-npn/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Zabe =====
Jam’iyyar NPN ta gabatar da ‘yan takarkarun manyan zabuka guda biyu, na 1979 da na 1983. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 36 na majalisar dattawa daga cikin kujeru 95 na [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|majalisar dattawa]] da kujeru 168 daga cikin kujeru 449 na majalisar wakilai. A ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, 1979, an bayyana dan takarar jam'iyyar a zaben shugaban kasa, Shehu Shagari, a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben. Jam’iyyar ta kulla kawance da jam’iyyar Peoples Party ta Najeriya domin samun kuri’u mafi rinjaye a majalisar dokokin kasar, daga baya kawancen ya yi kaca-kaca da shi a shekarar 1981. Domin samun goyon bayan [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]], jam'iyyar ta ba da damar Odumegwu Ojukwu, jagoran Biafra ya dawo.&lt;ref&gt;https://studyhq.net/national-party-of-nigeria/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Moshood Abiola]], wanda tsohon mamba ne a majalisar wakilan Najeriya da Kamaru (NCNC), bai samu nasarar zama shugaban jam'iyyar ko tikitin takarar shugaban kasa a jam'iyyar NPN ba, sannan ya tsaya takarar jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke a shekarar 1993. zabe. [[Adamu Ciroma]], tsohon sakataren jam’iyyar NPN, daga baya ya zama jigo [[Peoples Democratic Party|a jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party]].

== Tarihin zabe ==

=== Zaben shugaban kasa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!'''Zabe'''
! Dan takarar jam'iyya
! Abokiyar gudu
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Sakamako'''
|-
| 1979
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Shehu Shagari]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]]
| 5,668,857
| 33.77%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|-
| 1983
| 12,081,471
| 47.5%
| '''Zabe'''&lt;/img&gt; 
|}

=== Zaben majalisar wakilai da na dattawa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Zabe'''
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar wakilai]]
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya|Majalisar Dattawa]]
|-
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
! '''Ƙuri'u'''
! '''%'''
! '''Kujeru'''
! +/-
! Matsayi
|-
| 1979
| 5,325,680
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|168|449|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 168
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
| 4,032,329
| 35.6% 
|{{Composition bar|36|95|pro}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 36
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|-
| 1983 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|306|450|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 138
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st 
|
|
|{{Composition bar|60|96|{{party color|National Party of Nigeria}}}}
|&lt;/img&gt; 24
|&lt;/img&gt; 1st
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Jam'iyyun Siyasa]]</text>
      <sha1>54tlc1elohlzyinmoxlguxf0an51u7o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Pep Guardiola</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43501</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838554</id>
      <parentid>484531</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T19:12:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Najeebyusuf</username>
        <id>45048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355076447|Pep Guardiola]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838554</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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'''Josep''' &quot;'''Pep'''&quot; Guardiola Sala (pronunciation Katalan: [ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə];&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How to pronounce 'Pep Guardiola' |url=https://forvo.com/word/pep_guardiola/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230617141026/https://forvo.com/word/pep_guardiola/ |archive-date=17 June 2023 |access-date=17 June 2023 |website=[[Forvo]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Alcover |first=Antoni Maria |author-link=Antoni Maria Alcover i Sureda |last2=Moll |first2=Francesc de Borja |author-link2=Francesc de Borja Moll i Casasnovas |title=Pep |url=https://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=pep |access-date=17 June 2023 |website=Diccionari català-valencià-balear |publisher=[[Institute for Catalan Studies]] |language=ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Alcover |first=Antoni Maria |last2=Moll |first2=Francesc de Borja |title=guardiola |url=https://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=guardiola |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406172405/http://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?word=guardiola |archive-date=6 April 2016 |access-date=17 June 2023 |website=Diccionari català-valencià-balear |publisher=Institute for Catalan Studies |language=ca}}&lt;/ref&gt; an haife shi a ranar 18 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1971) shi ne kocin kwallon kafa na Catalonia kuma tsohon dan wasa daga [[Ispaniya|Spain]] wanda shine kocin [[La Liga|Ƙungiyar]] Premier League ta Manchester City. Guardiola yana daya daga cikin manajoji biyu a tarihi da suka lashe gasar cin kofin nahiyar sau biyu kuma yana da rikodin wasanni da aka fi samu a jere a La Liga, Bundesliga, da Premier League. {{Efn|Barcelona (16 games, 2010–11), Bayern Munich (19 games, 2013–14), and Manchester City (18 games, 2017–18).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=31 December 2017 |title=Man City fail to match Bayern for longest winning run in Europe's top 5 leagues |url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/club/manchester-city/382/blog/post/3311049/man-city-fail-to-match-bayern-for-longest-winning-run-in-europes-top-5-leagues |publisher=ESPN |access-date=4 January 2018 |archive-date=3 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103164246/http://www.espn.co.uk/football/club/manchester-city/382/blog/post/3311049/man-city-fail-to-match-bayern-for-longest-winning-run-in-europes-top-5-leagues |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} An dauke shi daya daga cikin manyan manajoji na kowane lokaci.   &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 August 2013 |title=Greatest Managers, No. 18: Pep Guardiola |url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/news/story/_/id/1513648/pep-guardiola |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123035535/http://www.espn.com/soccer/news/story/_/id/1513648/pep-guardiola |archive-date=23 January 2018 |access-date=9 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-09-26 |title=Ranked! The 100 best football managers of all time |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/ranked-the-100-best-football-managers-of-all-time/10 |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=fourfourtwo.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-06-15 |title=Pep Guardiola: The greatest of all time? |url=https://www.euronews.com/2023/06/15/is-pep-guardiola-the-greatest-football-manager-of-all-time |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=euronews |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Watach |first=Nestor |date=2024-12-19 |title=Where does Carlo Ancelotti rank in the most successful football managers ever? |url=https://www.planetfootball.com/quick-reads/the-most-successful-managers-in-football-history-by-trophies-won-guardiola-ferguson |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=Planet Football |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{IPA|ca|ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə}}{{IPA|ca|ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə}}{{IPA|ca|ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə}}

Guardiola dan wasan tsakiya ne mai tsaron gida wanda yawanci ke taka leda a matsayin mai taka leda mai zurfi. Ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa tare da [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]], ya zama wani ɓangare na Johan Cruyff's Dream Team wanda ya lashe [[UEFA Champions League|Kofin Turai]] na farko a shekarar 1992, da kuma lambobin league na Spain hudu a jere daga 1991 zuwa 1994. Ya jagoranci tawagar daga 1997 har zuwa lokacin da ya bar Barcelona a shekara ta 2001. Daga nan Guardiola ya kasance tare da Brescia da Roma a Italiya, Al-Ahli a Qatar da Dorados a Mexico. An buga shi sau 47 a tawagar kasar Spain kuma ya bayyana a gasar cin Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 1994, da kuma UEFA Euro 2000. Ya kuma buga wasannin sada zumunci ga Catalonia. 

Bayan ya yi ritaya a matsayin dan wasa, Guardiola ya jagoranci Barcelona B a takaice kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta Tercera División kafin ya dauki nauyin tawagar farko a 2008. A kakar wasa ta farko, Guardiola ya jagoranci Barcelona zuwa gasar cin kofin nahiyar La Liga, Copa del Rey da UEFA Champions League, ya zama kocin mafi ƙanƙanta da ya lashe gasar ta ƙarshe. An ba shi suna FIFA World Coach of the Year a shekara ta 2011 bayan ya jagoranci kulob din zuwa wani La Liga da Champions League sau biyu a kakar 2010-11. Guardiola ya ƙare shekaru hudu na Barcelona a shekarar 2012 tare da girmamawa 14, rikodin kulob din.

Guardiola ya koma [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]] a shekarar 2013 kuma ya lashe Bundesliga a kowane kakar wasa uku, gami da sau biyu na cikin gida. Ya bar kulob din zuwa Manchester City a shekarar 2016 kuma tun daga lokacin ya lashe lambobin Premier League guda shida, ciki har da nasarori hudu a jere daga 2019 zuwa 2024, wanda ke nuna karo na farko a tarihin jirgin saman Ingila da wata kungiya ta yi hakan. Taken farko da ya samu a kakar wasa ta biyu a matsayin mai kula ya karya rikodin cikin gida da yawa yayin da tawagar ta zama ta farko da ta kai maki 100 a kakar wasa daya. Ya kuma jagoranci City zuwa sau uku na cikin gida a cikin 2018-19. Guardiola ya jagoranci City zuwa wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai a shekarar 2020-21, da kuma gasar zakarurwar Turai ta farko a matsayin wani ɓangare na sau uku na nahiyar a shekarar 2022-23. Shi ne kocin kulob din na biyu mafi tsawo kuma shine kocin da ya fi dadewa a yanzu a cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi huɗu.

 
== Ayyukan kulob din ==
An haife shi a Santpedor, Barcelona, Catalonia, Guardiola ya shiga La [[La Masia|Masia]] yana da shekaru 13 daga Gymnastic Manresa kuma ya tashi ta hanyar makarantar matasa ta Barcelona na tsawon shekaru shida, inda ya fara bugawa a 1990 a kan Cádiz.  Kamar yadda Phil Ball ya rubuta a cikin ''Morbo'',
{{Blockquote|In his first week at the club, [[Johan Cruyff]] turned up unannounced at the [[Mini Estadi]], a venue just down the road from [[Camp Nou]] used by [[FC Barcelona B|Barcelona B]]. Just before half-time he wandered into the dug-out and asked [[Carles Rexach|Charly Rexach]], the youth team manager at the time, the name of the young lad playing on the [[Right midfielder|right side of midfield]]. &quot;Guardiola – good lad,&quot; came the reply. Cruyff ignored the comment and told Rexach to move him into the middle for the second half, to play as [[Defensive midfielder|pivot]]. It was a difficult position to adapt to and one not used by many teams in Spain at the time. Guardiola adjusted immediately, as Cruyff had suspected he would, and when he moved to the first-team in 1990, he became the pivot of the [[FC Barcelona#Dream Team|Dream Team]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Josep Guardiola – The Boy from Santpedor |url=http://www.spain-football.org/josep-guardiola.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130110210922/http://www.spain-football.org/josep-guardiola.html |archive-date=10 January 2013 |access-date=16 January 2013 |website=Spain-football.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
A watan Fabrairun 2010, Guardiola ya gudanar da wasan sa na 100 ga tawagar farko ta Barcelona. Rubuce-rubucensa ya kasance a cikin nasara 71, 19 draw da 10 loss, tare da 242 goals for da 76 against. A ranar 10 ga Afrilu 2010, ya zama kocin farko a tarihin Barcelona don doke Real Madrid sau hudu a jere a El Clásico . Barcelona ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2009-10, amma ta rasa 3-2 a hannun Inter Milan na [[José Mourinho]].&lt;ref name=&quot;UEFA 09-10&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=UEFA Champions League 2009/10 matches |url=http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2010/matches/round=2000031/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223004148/http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2010/matches/round=2000031/index.html |archive-date=23 December 2017 |access-date=28 April 2012 |publisher=UEFA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da wannan, sun sami nasarar lashe lambar yabo ta La Liga ta 20 tare da maki 99 ta hanyar doke Real Valladolid 4-0 a gida.&lt;ref name=&quot;ESPNsoccer&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 April 2013 |title=Pep Guardiola leaves Barcelona, Tito Vilanova appointed |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story/_/id/1055344/pep-guardiola-leaves-barcelona,-tito-vilanova-appointed?cc=3436 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130102230810/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story/_/id/1055344/pep-guardiola-leaves-barcelona,-tito-vilanova-appointed?cc=3436 |archive-date=2 January 2013 |access-date=28 April 2012 |website=ESPN Soccernet}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin, wannan shine mafi girman maki da aka taɓa samu a cikin kowane ɗayan manyan rukunin Turai. Taken La Liga shine zakara na bakwai na Guardiola a matsayin kocin kulob din, inda ya ci Ferdinand Daučík na biyu a bayan Johan Cruyff da kyaututtuka 11.

A kakar 2020-21 an ga tsaron City ya inganta sosai idan aka kwatanta da yakin da ya gabata, ya ba da kwallo daya kawai a wasanni goma sha biyu da aka buga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 January 2021 |title=&quot;One leads, the other one listens&quot; – Pep Guardiola explains the Ruben Dias &amp; John Stones partnership |url=https://mcfcxtra.com/2021/01/29/one-leads-the-other-one-listens-pep-guardiola-explains-the-ruben-dias-john-stones-partnership/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221041204/https://mcfcxtra.com/2021/01/29/one-leads-the-other-one-listens-pep-guardiola-explains-the-ruben-dias-john-stones-partnership/ |archive-date=21 February 2021 |access-date=12 February 2021 |website=City Xtra}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 2020, Guardiola ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Manchester City har zuwa lokacin rani na 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 November 2020 |title=Guardiola signs new City deal! |url=https://www.mancity.com/news/mens/pep-guardiola-signs-new-contract-63741384 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119123128/https://www.mancity.com/news/mens/pep-guardiola-signs-new-contract-63741384 |archive-date=19 November 2020 |access-date=19 November 2020 |publisher=Manchester City F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya lashe wasan sa na 500 a matsayin kocin bayan City ta doke Sheffield United 1-0 a gida a Premier League a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2021; shi ne wasan na tara da City ta lashe a watan Janairu, ya zama kungiyar da ta fi samun nasara a cikin wata daya a cikin manyan matakai hudu na kwallon kafa na Ingila tun lokacin da Football League ta fara a 1888. Bayan nasarar 3-1 a kan Swansea City a gasar cin Kofin FA a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, kungiyar Guardiola ta karya rikodin mafi tsawo a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila, tare da nasarori goma sha biyar a jere ga City a duk gasa.

Guardiola ya lashe lambar yabo ta uku ta Premier League a ranar 11 ga Mayu bayan da Manchester United ta ci Leicester City, makonni biyu bayan ta doke Tottenham Hotspur 1-0 a wasan karshe na Gasar cin kofin EFL ta 2021 don da'awar wannan kofin a karo na huɗu a jere. A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, Manchester City ta taka leda a wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai a karo na farko a tarihin su, inda ta sha kashi a hannun Chelsea 0-1. Bayan wasan, an soki Guardiola saboda zabin tawagarsa kuma bai fara dan wasan tsakiya ba. Kocin Chelsea [[Thomas Tuchel]] ya kuma yarda cewa ya yi mamakin ganin dan wasan tsakiya Fernandinho a cikin City ya fara farawa.
[[Fayil:Pep_Guardiola_2021.jpg|right|thumb|Guardiola a matsayin manajan Manchester City a 2021]]
A lokacin canjin bazara na 2021, Manchester City ta karya rikodin canjin Burtaniya ta hanyar sanya hannu kan dan wasan Aston Villa [[Jack Grealish]] na £ 100m.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 August 2021 |title=Jack Grealish: Manchester City sign Aston Villa captain for £100m |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12372309/jack-grealish-manchester-city-sign-aston-villa-captain-for-100m |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806071359/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12372309/jack-grealish-manchester-city-sign-aston-villa-captain-for-100m |archive-date=6 August 2021 |access-date=27 January 2023 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 25 ga watan Satumba, ya wuce Les McDowall a matsayin kocin da ya fi samun nasara a tarihin Manchester City bayan nasarar da suka samu 1-0 a kan Chelsea a Premier League. A ranar 22 ga Mayu 2022, Manchester City ta lashe Gasar Firimiya tare da nasarar 3-2 a kan Aston Villa . Wannan shi ne karo na huɗu na Guardiola a kulob din, wanda ya sanya shi na biyu a cikin jerin manajoji tare da mafi yawan sunayen Premier League.

A lokacin kakar 2022-23, Manchester City ta ƙarshe lambar yabo ta Premier League ta uku a jere, ta biyar a karkashin Guardiola. &lt;ref name=&quot;plwin5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 May 2023 |title=Manchester City win Premier League for third successive season after Arsenal lose |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65613744 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520183914/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65613744 |archive-date=20 May 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=BBC Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2022, Guardiola ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Manchester City har zuwa lokacin rani na 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |date=23 November 2022 |title=Guardiola extends Manchester City deal to 2025 |url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/guardiola-extends-manchester-city-deal-2025-2022-11-23/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123102522/https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/guardiola-extends-manchester-city-deal-2025-2022-11-23/ |archive-date=23 November 2022 |access-date=2 April 2024 |website=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 November 2022 |title=Pep Guardiola signs Man City contract to 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37634161/pep-guardiola-signs-manchester-city-contract-2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240325110401/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37634161/pep-guardiola-signs-manchester-city-contract-2025 |archive-date=25 March 2024 |access-date=2 April 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 3 ga Yuni 2023, kulob din ya ƙarshe kofin FA na biyu a karkashin Guardiola bayan nasarar 2-1 a kan abokan hamayyar Manchester United a wasan karshe don samun wani sau biyu na cikin gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 June 2023 |title=Manchester City hold off Manchester United to win FA Cup and strike Double |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/jun/03/manchester-city-manchester-united-fa-cup-final-match-report |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230619144101/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/jun/03/manchester-city-manchester-united-fa-cup-final-match-report |archive-date=19 June 2023 |access-date=2 July 2023 |website=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 10 ga watan Yunin 2023, ya jagoranci kulob din zuwa gasar zakarun Turai ta farko, kuma ta uku, bayan nasarar 1-0 a kan Inter Milan a wasan karshe, wanda ya kammala nasarar da suka samu a nahiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 June 2023 |title=How many times has Pep Guardiola won the Champions League? Man City boss claims another European title to complete treble |url=https://talksport.com/football/1454990/pep-guardiola-champions-league-record-titles-barcelona-man-city/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702044305/https://talksport.com/football/1454990/pep-guardiola-champions-league-record-titles-barcelona-man-city/ |archive-date=2 July 2023 |access-date=2 July 2023 |publisher=talkSPORT}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Notelist}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|+Bayyanawa da burin ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara
!Ƙungiyar ƙasa
!Shekara
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
|-
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Spain&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_INTL&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pla Diaz |first=Emilio |date=1 December 2002 |title=Josep Guardiola Sala – International matches |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/guardiola-intl.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101082757/http://rsssf.com/miscellaneous/guardiola-intl.html |archive-date=1 November 2012 |access-date=16 January 2013 |publisher=RSSSF}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|1992
|2
|1
|-
|1993
|5
|0
|-
|1994
|7
|1
|-
|1995
|0
|0
|-
|1996
|5
|1
|-
|1997
|4
|1
|-
|1998
|0
|0
|-
|1999
|9
|0
|-
|2000
|8
|1
|-
|2001
|7
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
!47
!5
|}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1971]]</text>
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'''Josep''' &quot;'''Pep'''&quot; Guardiola Sala (pronunciation Katalan: [ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə];&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How to pronounce 'Pep Guardiola' |url=https://forvo.com/word/pep_guardiola/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230617141026/https://forvo.com/word/pep_guardiola/ |archive-date=17 June 2023 |access-date=17 June 2023 |website=[[Forvo]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Alcover |first=Antoni Maria |author-link=Antoni Maria Alcover i Sureda |last2=Moll |first2=Francesc de Borja |author-link2=Francesc de Borja Moll i Casasnovas |title=Pep |url=https://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=pep |access-date=17 June 2023 |website=Diccionari català-valencià-balear |publisher=[[Institute for Catalan Studies]] |language=ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Alcover |first=Antoni Maria |last2=Moll |first2=Francesc de Borja |title=guardiola |url=https://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=guardiola |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406172405/http://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?word=guardiola |archive-date=6 April 2016 |access-date=17 June 2023 |website=Diccionari català-valencià-balear |publisher=Institute for Catalan Studies |language=ca}}&lt;/ref&gt; an haife shi a ranar 18 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1971) shi ne kocin kwallon kafa na Catalonia kuma tsohon dan wasa daga [[Ispaniya|Spain]] wanda shine kocin [[La Liga|Ƙungiyar]] Premier League ta Manchester City. Guardiola yana daya daga cikin manajoji biyu a tarihi da suka lashe gasar cin kofin nahiyar sau biyu kuma yana da rikodin wasanni da aka fi samu a jere a La Liga, Bundesliga, da Premier League. {{Efn|Barcelona (16 games, 2010–11), Bayern Munich (19 games, 2013–14), and Manchester City (18 games, 2017–18).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=31 December 2017 |title=Man City fail to match Bayern for longest winning run in Europe's top 5 leagues |url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/club/manchester-city/382/blog/post/3311049/man-city-fail-to-match-bayern-for-longest-winning-run-in-europes-top-5-leagues |publisher=ESPN |access-date=4 January 2018 |archive-date=3 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103164246/http://www.espn.co.uk/football/club/manchester-city/382/blog/post/3311049/man-city-fail-to-match-bayern-for-longest-winning-run-in-europes-top-5-leagues |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} An dauke shi daya daga cikin manyan manajoji na kowane lokaci.   &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 August 2013 |title=Greatest Managers, No. 18: Pep Guardiola |url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/news/story/_/id/1513648/pep-guardiola |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123035535/http://www.espn.com/soccer/news/story/_/id/1513648/pep-guardiola |archive-date=23 January 2018 |access-date=9 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-09-26 |title=Ranked! The 100 best football managers of all time |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/ranked-the-100-best-football-managers-of-all-time/10 |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=fourfourtwo.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-06-15 |title=Pep Guardiola: The greatest of all time? |url=https://www.euronews.com/2023/06/15/is-pep-guardiola-the-greatest-football-manager-of-all-time |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=euronews |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Watach |first=Nestor |date=2024-12-19 |title=Where does Carlo Ancelotti rank in the most successful football managers ever? |url=https://www.planetfootball.com/quick-reads/the-most-successful-managers-in-football-history-by-trophies-won-guardiola-ferguson |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=Planet Football |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{IPA|ca|ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə}}{{IPA|ca|ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə}}{{IPA|ca|ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə}}

Guardiola dan wasan tsakiya ne mai tsaron gida wanda yawanci ke taka leda a matsayin mai taka leda mai zurfi. Ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa tare da [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]], ya zama wani ɓangare na Johan Cruyff's Dream Team wanda ya lashe [[UEFA Champions League|Kofin Turai]] na farko a shekarar 1992, da kuma lambobin league na Spain hudu a jere daga 1991 zuwa 1994. Ya jagoranci tawagar daga 1997 har zuwa lokacin da ya bar Barcelona a shekara ta 2001. Daga nan Guardiola ya kasance tare da Brescia da Roma a Italiya, Al-Ahli a Qatar da Dorados a Mexico. An buga shi sau 47 a tawagar kasar Spain kuma ya bayyana a gasar cin Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 1994, da kuma UEFA Euro 2000. Ya kuma buga wasannin sada zumunci ga Catalonia. 

Bayan ya yi ritaya a matsayin dan wasa, Guardiola ya jagoranci Barcelona B a takaice kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta Tercera División kafin ya dauki nauyin tawagar farko a 2008. A kakar wasa ta farko, Guardiola ya jagoranci Barcelona zuwa gasar cin kofin nahiyar La Liga, Copa del Rey da UEFA Champions League, ya zama kocin mafi ƙanƙanta da ya lashe gasar ta ƙarshe. An ba shi suna FIFA World Coach of the Year a shekara ta 2011 bayan ya jagoranci kulob din zuwa wani La Liga da Champions League sau biyu a kakar 2010-11. Guardiola ya ƙare shekaru hudu na Barcelona a shekarar 2012 tare da girmamawa 14, rikodin kulob din.

Guardiola ya koma [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]] a shekarar 2013 kuma ya lashe Bundesliga a kowane kakar wasa uku, gami da sau biyu na cikin gida. Ya bar kulob din zuwa Manchester City a shekarar 2016 kuma tun daga lokacin ya lashe lambobin Premier League guda shida, ciki har da nasarori hudu a jere daga 2019 zuwa 2024, wanda ke nuna karo na farko a tarihin jirgin saman Ingila da wata kungiya ta yi hakan. Taken farko da ya samu a kakar wasa ta biyu a matsayin mai kula ya karya rikodin cikin gida da yawa yayin da tawagar ta zama ta farko da ta kai maki 100 a kakar wasa daya. Ya kuma jagoranci City zuwa sau uku na cikin gida a cikin 2018-19. Guardiola ya jagoranci City zuwa wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai a shekarar 2020-21, da kuma gasar zakarurwar Turai ta farko a matsayin wani ɓangare na sau uku na nahiyar a shekarar 2022-23. Shi ne kocin kulob din na biyu mafi tsawo kuma shine kocin da ya fi dadewa a yanzu a cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi huɗu.

 
== Ayyukan kulob din ==
An haife shi a Santpedor, Barcelona, Catalonia, Guardiola ya shiga La [[La Masia|Masia]] yana da shekaru 13 daga Gymnastic Manresa kuma ya tashi ta hanyar makarantar matasa ta Barcelona na tsawon shekaru shida, inda ya fara bugawa a 1990 a kan Cádiz.  Kamar yadda Phil Ball ya rubuta a cikin ''Morbo'',
{{Blockquote|In his first week at the club, [[Johan Cruyff]] turned up unannounced at the [[Mini Estadi]], a venue just down the road from [[Camp Nou]] used by [[FC Barcelona B|Barcelona B]]. Just before half-time he wandered into the dug-out and asked [[Carles Rexach|Charly Rexach]], the youth team manager at the time, the name of the young lad playing on the [[Right midfielder|right side of midfield]]. &quot;Guardiola – good lad,&quot; came the reply. Cruyff ignored the comment and told Rexach to move him into the middle for the second half, to play as [[Defensive midfielder|pivot]]. It was a difficult position to adapt to and one not used by many teams in Spain at the time. Guardiola adjusted immediately, as Cruyff had suspected he would, and when he moved to the first-team in 1990, he became the pivot of the [[FC Barcelona#Dream Team|Dream Team]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Josep Guardiola – The Boy from Santpedor |url=http://www.spain-football.org/josep-guardiola.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130110210922/http://www.spain-football.org/josep-guardiola.html |archive-date=10 January 2013 |access-date=16 January 2013 |website=Spain-football.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
A watan Fabrairun 2010, Guardiola ya gudanar da wasan sa na 100 ga tawagar farko ta Barcelona. Rubuce-rubucensa ya kasance a cikin nasara 71, 19 draw da 10 loss, tare da 242 goals for da 76 against. A ranar 10 ga Afrilu 2010, ya zama kocin farko a tarihin Barcelona don doke Real Madrid sau hudu a jere a El Clásico . Barcelona ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2009-10, amma ta rasa 3-2 a hannun Inter Milan na [[José Mourinho]].&lt;ref name=&quot;UEFA 09-10&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=UEFA Champions League 2009/10 matches |url=http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2010/matches/round=2000031/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223004148/http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2010/matches/round=2000031/index.html |archive-date=23 December 2017 |access-date=28 April 2012 |publisher=UEFA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da wannan, sun sami nasarar lashe lambar yabo ta La Liga ta 20 tare da maki 99 ta hanyar doke Real Valladolid 4-0 a gida.&lt;ref name=&quot;ESPNsoccer&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 April 2013 |title=Pep Guardiola leaves Barcelona, Tito Vilanova appointed |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story/_/id/1055344/pep-guardiola-leaves-barcelona,-tito-vilanova-appointed?cc=3436 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130102230810/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story/_/id/1055344/pep-guardiola-leaves-barcelona,-tito-vilanova-appointed?cc=3436 |archive-date=2 January 2013 |access-date=28 April 2012 |website=ESPN Soccernet}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin, wannan shine mafi girman maki da aka taɓa samu a cikin kowane ɗayan manyan rukunin Turai. Taken La Liga shine zakara na bakwai na Guardiola a matsayin kocin kulob din, inda ya ci Ferdinand Daučík na biyu a bayan Johan Cruyff da kyaututtuka 11.

A kakar 2020-21 an ga tsaron City ya inganta sosai idan aka kwatanta da yakin da ya gabata, ya ba da kwallo daya kawai a wasanni goma sha biyu da aka buga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 January 2021 |title=&quot;One leads, the other one listens&quot; – Pep Guardiola explains the Ruben Dias &amp; John Stones partnership |url=https://mcfcxtra.com/2021/01/29/one-leads-the-other-one-listens-pep-guardiola-explains-the-ruben-dias-john-stones-partnership/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221041204/https://mcfcxtra.com/2021/01/29/one-leads-the-other-one-listens-pep-guardiola-explains-the-ruben-dias-john-stones-partnership/ |archive-date=21 February 2021 |access-date=12 February 2021 |website=City Xtra}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 2020, Guardiola ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Manchester City har zuwa lokacin rani na 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 November 2020 |title=Guardiola signs new City deal! |url=https://www.mancity.com/news/mens/pep-guardiola-signs-new-contract-63741384 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119123128/https://www.mancity.com/news/mens/pep-guardiola-signs-new-contract-63741384 |archive-date=19 November 2020 |access-date=19 November 2020 |publisher=Manchester City F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya lashe wasan sa na 500 a matsayin kocin bayan City ta doke Sheffield United 1-0 a gida a Premier League a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2021; shi ne wasan na tara da City ta lashe a watan Janairu, ya zama kungiyar da ta fi samun nasara a cikin wata daya a cikin manyan matakai hudu na kwallon kafa na Ingila tun lokacin da Football League ta fara a 1888. Bayan nasarar 3-1 a kan Swansea City a gasar cin Kofin FA a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, kungiyar Guardiola ta karya rikodin mafi tsawo a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila, tare da nasarori goma sha biyar a jere ga City a duk gasa.

Guardiola ya lashe lambar yabo ta uku ta Premier League a ranar 11 ga Mayu bayan da Manchester United ta ci Leicester City, makonni biyu bayan ta doke Tottenham Hotspur 1-0 a wasan karshe na Gasar cin kofin EFL ta 2021 don da'awar wannan kofin a karo na huɗu a jere. A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, Manchester City ta taka leda a wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai a karo na farko a tarihin su, inda ta sha kashi a hannun Chelsea 0-1. Bayan wasan, an soki Guardiola saboda zabin tawagarsa kuma bai fara dan wasan tsakiya ba. Kocin Chelsea [[Thomas Tuchel]] ya kuma yarda cewa ya yi mamakin ganin dan wasan tsakiya Fernandinho a cikin City ya fara farawa.
[[Fayil:Pep_Guardiola_2021.jpg|right|thumb|Guardiola a matsayin manajan Manchester City a 2021]]
A lokacin canjin bazara na 2021, Manchester City ta karya rikodin canjin Burtaniya ta hanyar sanya hannu kan dan wasan Aston Villa [[Jack Grealish]] na £ 100m.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 August 2021 |title=Jack Grealish: Manchester City sign Aston Villa captain for £100m |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12372309/jack-grealish-manchester-city-sign-aston-villa-captain-for-100m |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806071359/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12372309/jack-grealish-manchester-city-sign-aston-villa-captain-for-100m |archive-date=6 August 2021 |access-date=27 January 2023 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 25 ga watan Satumba, ya wuce Les McDowall a matsayin kocin da ya fi samun nasara a tarihin Manchester City bayan nasarar da suka samu 1-0 a kan Chelsea a Premier League. A ranar 22 ga Mayu 2022, Manchester City ta lashe Gasar Firimiya tare da nasarar 3-2 a kan Aston Villa . Wannan shi ne karo na huɗu na Guardiola a kulob din, wanda ya sanya shi na biyu a cikin jerin manajoji tare da mafi yawan sunayen Premier League.

A lokacin kakar 2022-23, Manchester City ta ƙarshe lambar yabo ta Premier League ta uku a jere, ta biyar a karkashin Guardiola. &lt;ref name=&quot;plwin5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 May 2023 |title=Manchester City win Premier League for third successive season after Arsenal lose |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65613744 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520183914/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65613744 |archive-date=20 May 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=BBC Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2022, Guardiola ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Manchester City har zuwa lokacin rani na 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |date=23 November 2022 |title=Guardiola extends Manchester City deal to 2025 |url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/guardiola-extends-manchester-city-deal-2025-2022-11-23/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123102522/https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/guardiola-extends-manchester-city-deal-2025-2022-11-23/ |archive-date=23 November 2022 |access-date=2 April 2024 |website=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 November 2022 |title=Pep Guardiola signs Man City contract to 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37634161/pep-guardiola-signs-manchester-city-contract-2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240325110401/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37634161/pep-guardiola-signs-manchester-city-contract-2025 |archive-date=25 March 2024 |access-date=2 April 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 3 ga Yuni 2023, kulob din ya ƙarshe kofin FA na biyu a karkashin Guardiola bayan nasarar 2-1 a kan abokan hamayyar Manchester United a wasan karshe don samun wani sau biyu na cikin gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 June 2023 |title=Manchester City hold off Manchester United to win FA Cup and strike Double |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/jun/03/manchester-city-manchester-united-fa-cup-final-match-report |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230619144101/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/jun/03/manchester-city-manchester-united-fa-cup-final-match-report |archive-date=19 June 2023 |access-date=2 July 2023 |website=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 10 ga watan Yunin 2023, ya jagoranci kulob din zuwa gasar zakarun Turai ta farko, kuma ta uku, bayan nasarar 1-0 a kan Inter Milan a wasan karshe, wanda ya kammala nasarar da suka samu a nahiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 June 2023 |title=How many times has Pep Guardiola won the Champions League? Man City boss claims another European title to complete treble |url=https://talksport.com/football/1454990/pep-guardiola-champions-league-record-titles-barcelona-man-city/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702044305/https://talksport.com/football/1454990/pep-guardiola-champions-league-record-titles-barcelona-man-city/ |archive-date=2 July 2023 |access-date=2 July 2023 |publisher=talkSPORT}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Notelist}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|+Bayyanawa da burin ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara
!Ƙungiyar ƙasa
!Shekara
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
|-
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Spain&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_INTL&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pla Diaz |first=Emilio |date=1 December 2002 |title=Josep Guardiola Sala – International matches |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/guardiola-intl.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101082757/http://rsssf.com/miscellaneous/guardiola-intl.html |archive-date=1 November 2012 |access-date=16 January 2013 |publisher=RSSSF}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|1992
|2
|1
|-
|1993
|5
|0
|-
|1994
|7
|1
|-
|1995
|0
|0
|-
|1996
|5
|1
|-
|1997
|4
|1
|-
|1998
|0
|0
|-
|1999
|9
|0
|-
|2000
|8
|1
|-
|2001
|7
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
!47
!5
|}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
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'''Josep''' &quot;'''Pep'''&quot; Guardiola Sala (pronunciation Katalan: [ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə];&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How to pronounce 'Pep Guardiola' |url=https://forvo.com/word/pep_guardiola/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230617141026/https://forvo.com/word/pep_guardiola/ |archive-date=17 June 2023 |access-date=17 June 2023 |website=[[Forvo]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Alcover |first=Antoni Maria |author-link=Antoni Maria Alcover i Sureda |last2=Moll |first2=Francesc de Borja |author-link2=Francesc de Borja Moll i Casasnovas |title=Pep |url=https://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=pep |access-date=17 June 2023 |website=Diccionari català-valencià-balear |publisher=[[Institute for Catalan Studies]] |language=ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Alcover |first=Antoni Maria |last2=Moll |first2=Francesc de Borja |title=guardiola |url=https://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=guardiola |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406172405/http://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?word=guardiola |archive-date=6 April 2016 |access-date=17 June 2023 |website=Diccionari català-valencià-balear |publisher=Institute for Catalan Studies |language=ca}}&lt;/ref&gt; an haife shi a ranar 18 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1971) shi ne kocin kwallon kafa na Catalonia kuma tsohon dan wasa daga [[Ispaniya|Spain]] wanda shine kocin [[La Liga|Ƙungiyar]] Premier League ta Manchester City. Guardiola yana daya daga cikin manajoji biyu a tarihi da suka lashe gasar cin kofin nahiyar sau biyu kuma yana da rikodin wasanni da aka fi samu a jere a La Liga, Bundesliga, da Premier League. {{Efn|Barcelona (16 games, 2010–11), Bayern Munich (19 games, 2013–14), and Manchester City (18 games, 2017–18).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=31 December 2017 |title=Man City fail to match Bayern for longest winning run in Europe's top 5 leagues |url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/club/manchester-city/382/blog/post/3311049/man-city-fail-to-match-bayern-for-longest-winning-run-in-europes-top-5-leagues |publisher=ESPN |access-date=4 January 2018 |archive-date=3 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103164246/http://www.espn.co.uk/football/club/manchester-city/382/blog/post/3311049/man-city-fail-to-match-bayern-for-longest-winning-run-in-europes-top-5-leagues |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} An dauke shi daya daga cikin manyan manajoji na kowane lokaci.   &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 August 2013 |title=Greatest Managers, No. 18: Pep Guardiola |url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/news/story/_/id/1513648/pep-guardiola |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123035535/http://www.espn.com/soccer/news/story/_/id/1513648/pep-guardiola |archive-date=23 January 2018 |access-date=9 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-09-26 |title=Ranked! The 100 best football managers of all time |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/ranked-the-100-best-football-managers-of-all-time/10 |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=fourfourtwo.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-06-15 |title=Pep Guardiola: The greatest of all time? |url=https://www.euronews.com/2023/06/15/is-pep-guardiola-the-greatest-football-manager-of-all-time |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=euronews |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Watach |first=Nestor |date=2024-12-19 |title=Where does Carlo Ancelotti rank in the most successful football managers ever? |url=https://www.planetfootball.com/quick-reads/the-most-successful-managers-in-football-history-by-trophies-won-guardiola-ferguson |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=Planet Football |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{IPA|ca|ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə}}{{IPA|ca|ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə}}{{IPA|ca|ˈpɛb‿ɡwəɾðiˈɔlə}}

Guardiola dan wasan tsakiya ne mai tsaron gida wanda yawanci ke taka leda a matsayin mai taka leda mai zurfi. Ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa tare da [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]], ya zama wani ɓangare na Johan Cruyff's Dream Team wanda ya lashe [[UEFA Champions League|Kofin Turai]] na farko a shekarar 1992, da kuma lambobin league na Spain hudu a jere daga 1991 zuwa 1994. Ya jagoranci tawagar daga 1997 har zuwa lokacin da ya bar Barcelona a shekara ta 2001. Daga nan Guardiola ya kasance tare da Brescia da Roma a Italiya, Al-Ahli a Qatar da Dorados a Mexico. An buga shi sau 47 a tawagar kasar Spain kuma ya bayyana a gasar cin Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 1994, da kuma UEFA Euro 2000. Ya kuma buga wasannin sada zumunci ga Catalonia. 

Bayan ya yi ritaya a matsayin dan wasa, Guardiola ya jagoranci Barcelona B a takaice kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta Tercera División kafin ya dauki nauyin tawagar farko a 2008. A kakar wasa ta farko, Guardiola ya jagoranci Barcelona zuwa gasar cin kofin nahiyar La Liga, Copa del Rey da UEFA Champions League, ya zama kocin mafi ƙanƙanta da ya lashe gasar ta ƙarshe. An ba shi suna FIFA World Coach of the Year a shekara ta 2011 bayan ya jagoranci kulob din zuwa wani La Liga da Champions League sau biyu a kakar 2010-11. Guardiola ya ƙare shekaru hudu na Barcelona a shekarar 2012 tare da girmamawa 14, rikodin kulob din.

Guardiola ya koma [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]] a shekarar 2013 kuma ya lashe Bundesliga a kowane kakar wasa uku, gami da sau biyu na cikin gida. Ya bar kulob din zuwa Manchester City a shekarar 2016 kuma tun daga lokacin ya lashe lambobin Premier League guda shida, ciki har da nasarori hudu a jere daga 2019 zuwa 2024, wanda ke nuna karo na farko a tarihin jirgin saman Ingila da wata kungiya ta yi hakan. Taken farko da ya samu a kakar wasa ta biyu a matsayin mai kula ya karya rikodin cikin gida da yawa yayin da tawagar ta zama ta farko da ta kai maki 100 a kakar wasa daya. Ya kuma jagoranci City zuwa sau uku na cikin gida a cikin 2018-19. Guardiola ya jagoranci City zuwa wasan karshe na Gasar Zakarun Turai a shekarar 2020-21, da kuma gasar zakarurwar Turai ta farko a matsayin wani ɓangare na sau uku na nahiyar a shekarar 2022-23. Shi ne kocin kulob din na biyu mafi tsawo kuma shine kocin da ya fi dadewa a yanzu a cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi huɗu.

 
== Ayyukan kulob din ==
An haife shi a Santpedor, Barcelona, Catalonia, Guardiola ya shiga La [[La Masia|Masia]] yana da shekaru 13 daga Gymnastic Manresa kuma ya tashi ta hanyar makarantar matasa ta Barcelona na tsawon shekaru shida, inda ya fara bugawa a 1990 a kan Cádiz.  Kamar yadda Phil Ball ya rubuta a cikin ''Morbo'',
{{Blockquote|In his first week at the club, [[Johan Cruyff]] turned up unannounced at the [[Mini Estadi]], a venue just down the road from [[Camp Nou]] used by [[FC Barcelona B|Barcelona B]]. Just before half-time he wandered into the dug-out and asked [[Carles Rexach|Charly Rexach]], the youth team manager at the time, the name of the young lad playing on the [[Right midfielder|right side of midfield]]. &quot;Guardiola – good lad,&quot; came the reply. Cruyff ignored the comment and told Rexach to move him into the middle for the second half, to play as [[Defensive midfielder|pivot]]. It was a difficult position to adapt to and one not used by many teams in Spain at the time. Guardiola adjusted immediately, as Cruyff had suspected he would, and when he moved to the first-team in 1990, he became the pivot of the [[FC Barcelona#Dream Team|Dream Team]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Josep Guardiola – The Boy from Santpedor |url=http://www.spain-football.org/josep-guardiola.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130110210922/http://www.spain-football.org/josep-guardiola.html |archive-date=10 January 2013 |access-date=16 January 2013 |website=Spain-football.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
A watan Fabrairun 2010, Guardiola ya gudanar da wasan sa na 100 ga tawagar farko ta Barcelona. Rubuce-rubucensa ya kasance a cikin nasara 71, 19 draw da 10 loss, tare da 242 goals for da 76 against. A ranar 10 ga Afrilu 2010, ya zama kocin farko a tarihin Barcelona don doke Real Madrid sau hudu a jere a El Clásico . Barcelona ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2009-10, amma ta rasa 3-2 a hannun Inter Milan na [[José Mourinho]].&lt;ref name=&quot;UEFA 09-10&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=UEFA Champions League 2009/10 matches |url=http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2010/matches/round=2000031/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223004148/http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2010/matches/round=2000031/index.html |archive-date=23 December 2017 |access-date=28 April 2012 |publisher=UEFA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da wannan, sun sami nasarar lashe lambar yabo ta La Liga ta 20 tare da maki 99 ta hanyar doke Real Valladolid 4-0 a gida.&lt;ref name=&quot;ESPNsoccer&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 April 2013 |title=Pep Guardiola leaves Barcelona, Tito Vilanova appointed |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story/_/id/1055344/pep-guardiola-leaves-barcelona,-tito-vilanova-appointed?cc=3436 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130102230810/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story/_/id/1055344/pep-guardiola-leaves-barcelona,-tito-vilanova-appointed?cc=3436 |archive-date=2 January 2013 |access-date=28 April 2012 |website=ESPN Soccernet}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin, wannan shine mafi girman maki da aka taɓa samu a cikin kowane ɗayan manyan rukunin Turai. Taken La Liga shine zakara na bakwai na Guardiola a matsayin kocin kulob din, inda ya ci Ferdinand Daučík na biyu a bayan Johan Cruyff da kyaututtuka 11.

A kakar 2020-21 an ga tsaron City ya inganta sosai idan aka kwatanta da yakin da ya gabata, ya ba da kwallo daya kawai a wasanni goma sha biyu da aka buga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 January 2021 |title=&quot;One leads, the other one listens&quot; – Pep Guardiola explains the Ruben Dias &amp; John Stones partnership |url=https://mcfcxtra.com/2021/01/29/one-leads-the-other-one-listens-pep-guardiola-explains-the-ruben-dias-john-stones-partnership/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221041204/https://mcfcxtra.com/2021/01/29/one-leads-the-other-one-listens-pep-guardiola-explains-the-ruben-dias-john-stones-partnership/ |archive-date=21 February 2021 |access-date=12 February 2021 |website=City Xtra}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 2020, Guardiola ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Manchester City har zuwa lokacin rani na 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 November 2020 |title=Guardiola signs new City deal! |url=https://www.mancity.com/news/mens/pep-guardiola-signs-new-contract-63741384 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119123128/https://www.mancity.com/news/mens/pep-guardiola-signs-new-contract-63741384 |archive-date=19 November 2020 |access-date=19 November 2020 |publisher=Manchester City F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya lashe wasan sa na 500 a matsayin kocin bayan City ta doke Sheffield United 1-0 a gida a Premier League a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2021; shi ne wasan na tara da City ta lashe a watan Janairu, ya zama kungiyar da ta fi samun nasara a cikin wata daya a cikin manyan matakai hudu na kwallon kafa na Ingila tun lokacin da Football League ta fara a 1888. Bayan nasarar 3-1 a kan Swansea City a gasar cin Kofin FA a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, kungiyar Guardiola ta karya rikodin mafi tsawo a tarihin kwallon kafa na Ingila, tare da nasarori goma sha biyar a jere ga City a duk gasa.

Guardiola ya lashe lambar yabo ta uku ta Premier League a ranar 11 ga Mayu bayan da Manchester United ta ci Leicester City, makonni biyu bayan ta doke Tottenham Hotspur 1-0 a wasan karshe na Gasar cin kofin EFL ta 2021 don da'awar wannan kofin a karo na huɗu a jere. A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, Manchester City ta taka leda a wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai a karo na farko a tarihin su, inda ta sha kashi a hannun Chelsea 0-1. Bayan wasan, an soki Guardiola saboda zabin tawagarsa kuma bai fara dan wasan tsakiya ba. Kocin Chelsea [[Thomas Tuchel]] ya kuma yarda cewa ya yi mamakin ganin dan wasan tsakiya Fernandinho a cikin City ya fara farawa.
[[Fayil:Pep_Guardiola_2021.jpg|right|thumb|Guardiola a matsayin manajan Manchester City a 2021]]
A lokacin canjin bazara na 2021, Manchester City ta karya rikodin canjin Burtaniya ta hanyar sanya hannu kan dan wasan Aston Villa [[Jack Grealish]] na £ 100m.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 August 2021 |title=Jack Grealish: Manchester City sign Aston Villa captain for £100m |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12372309/jack-grealish-manchester-city-sign-aston-villa-captain-for-100m |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806071359/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12372309/jack-grealish-manchester-city-sign-aston-villa-captain-for-100m |archive-date=6 August 2021 |access-date=27 January 2023 |website=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 25 ga watan Satumba, ya wuce Les McDowall a matsayin kocin da ya fi samun nasara a tarihin Manchester City bayan nasarar da suka samu 1-0 a kan Chelsea a Premier League. A ranar 22 ga Mayu 2022, Manchester City ta lashe Gasar Firimiya tare da nasarar 3-2 a kan Aston Villa . Wannan shi ne karo na huɗu na Guardiola a kulob din, wanda ya sanya shi na biyu a cikin jerin manajoji tare da mafi yawan sunayen Premier League.

A lokacin kakar 2022-23, Manchester City ta ƙarshe lambar yabo ta Premier League ta uku a jere, ta biyar a karkashin Guardiola. &lt;ref name=&quot;plwin5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 May 2023 |title=Manchester City win Premier League for third successive season after Arsenal lose |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65613744 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520183914/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65613744 |archive-date=20 May 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=BBC Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2022, Guardiola ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Manchester City har zuwa lokacin rani na 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |date=23 November 2022 |title=Guardiola extends Manchester City deal to 2025 |url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/guardiola-extends-manchester-city-deal-2025-2022-11-23/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123102522/https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/guardiola-extends-manchester-city-deal-2025-2022-11-23/ |archive-date=23 November 2022 |access-date=2 April 2024 |website=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 November 2022 |title=Pep Guardiola signs Man City contract to 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37634161/pep-guardiola-signs-manchester-city-contract-2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240325110401/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37634161/pep-guardiola-signs-manchester-city-contract-2025 |archive-date=25 March 2024 |access-date=2 April 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 3 ga Yuni 2023, kulob din ya ƙarshe kofin FA na biyu a karkashin Guardiola bayan nasarar 2-1 a kan abokan hamayyar Manchester United a wasan karshe don samun wani sau biyu na cikin gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 June 2023 |title=Manchester City hold off Manchester United to win FA Cup and strike Double |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/jun/03/manchester-city-manchester-united-fa-cup-final-match-report |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230619144101/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/jun/03/manchester-city-manchester-united-fa-cup-final-match-report |archive-date=19 June 2023 |access-date=2 July 2023 |website=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 10 ga watan Yunin 2023, ya jagoranci kulob din zuwa gasar zakarun Turai ta farko, kuma ta uku, bayan nasarar 1-0 a kan Inter Milan a wasan karshe, wanda ya kammala nasarar da suka samu a nahiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 June 2023 |title=How many times has Pep Guardiola won the Champions League? Man City boss claims another European title to complete treble |url=https://talksport.com/football/1454990/pep-guardiola-champions-league-record-titles-barcelona-man-city/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702044305/https://talksport.com/football/1454990/pep-guardiola-champions-league-record-titles-barcelona-man-city/ |archive-date=2 July 2023 |access-date=2 July 2023 |publisher=talkSPORT}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Notelist}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|+Bayyanawa da burin ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara
!Ƙungiyar ƙasa
!Shekara
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
|-
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Spain&lt;ref name=&quot;RSSSF_INTL&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pla Diaz |first=Emilio |date=1 December 2002 |title=Josep Guardiola Sala – International matches |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/guardiola-intl.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101082757/http://rsssf.com/miscellaneous/guardiola-intl.html |archive-date=1 November 2012 |access-date=16 January 2013 |publisher=RSSSF}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|1992
|2
|1
|-
|1993
|5
|0
|-
|1994
|7
|1
|-
|1995
|0
|0
|-
|1996
|5
|1
|-
|1997
|4
|1
|-
|1998
|0
|0
|-
|1999
|9
|0
|-
|2000
|8
|1
|-
|2001
|7
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
!47
!5
|}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1971]]</text>
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    <title>Zakariyya Bencha</title>
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'''Zakaria Benchaâ''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1997), shi ne [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|dan wasan kwallon]] kafa na kasar Aljeriya wanda ke buga wasan gaba .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.dzfoot.com/2020/09/25/mercato-benchaa-de-retour-a-lusm-alger-188674.php|title=Mercato : Benchâa de retour à l’USM Alger|access-date=2023-04-05|archive-date=2024-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241212071407/https://www.dzfoot.com/2020/09/25/mercato-benchaa-de-retour-a-lusm-alger-188674.php|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Aikin kulob ==

=== MC Oran ===
An haifi Benchaâ a [[Oran]] . Ya fara aiki da MC Oran a rukunin matasa. A shekarar 2014, ya shiga kungiyar A na kulob din.

=== USM Alger ===
A ranar 23 ga watan Maris, 2018 Zakaria Benchaâ ya koma USM Alger na yanayi uku.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.usma.dz/index.php/component/content/article/88-a-la-une/925-zakaria-benchaa-usmiste-pour-3-ans?Itemid=437 |title=Zakaria Benchaa Usmiste pour 3 ans |website=usma.dz |access-date=25 March 2018 |archive-date=12 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142955/http://www.usma.dz/index.php/component/content/article/88-a-la-une/925-zakaria-benchaa-usmiste-pour-3-ans?Itemid=437 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ya buga wasansa na farko a kungiyar a gasar cin kofin zakarun kulob na Larabawa a lokacin da suka doke Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya . A ranar 14 ga watan Agusta, ya fara buga wasansa na farko a gasar Ligue 1 da DRB Tadjenanet a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin kuma ya ci ƙwallonsa ta farko a nasara da ci 3-1.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.dzfoot.com/2018/08/14/ligue-1-j1-usm-alger-3-1-drb-tadjenanet-132724.php |title=Ligue 1 (J1) : USM Alger 3-1 DRB Tadjenanet |website=dzfoot.com |access-date=15 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Benchaâ ya samu raunin da ya hana shi haskawa yayin da ya kammala kakar wasa da wuri kuma ya buga wasanni bakwai kawai. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.lebuteur.com/article/detail?id=90780&amp;titre=usma-benchaa-annonce-la-couleur |title=USMA: Benchaâ annonce la couleur! |website=lebuteur.com |date=30 July 2019 |access-date=22 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin kakar wasa mai zuwa, bayan kawar da raunin, Benchaâ ya taka rawar gani sosai a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta CAF, inda ya zira kwallaye biyar. gami da takalmin gyaran kafa da AS Sonidep da Gor Mahia . a cikin canja wurin hunturu 2019-2020 Benchaâ ya tafi zuwa kulob din Tunisiya CS Sfaxien kan Lamuni na tsawon watanni shida tare da zabin siye.  Bayan dogon jira saboda rufe iyakokin, Bencha' ya koma Algeria, Antar Yahia darektan wasanni na USM Alger ya bayyana cewa Benchaâ yana da kwarewa mai kyau kuma zai yi horo tare da kungiyar Reserve, kuma idan tunaninsa bai dace da Kungiyar ba. ba zai kasance a cikin tawagar kulob din ba.

=== CS Sfaxien ===
A ranar 30 ga watan Janairu, 2020, Benchaâ ya koma kulob din CS Sfaxien na Tunisiya kan Lamu na tsawon watanni shida.  Bayan shigansa, ya samu rauni wanda ya hana shi barin filin na tsawon watanni, kuma wasansa na farko shi ne da CA Bizertin A ranar 9 ga watan Agusta, 2020. Kwallonsa ta farko ita ce a kan US Ben Guerdane lokacin da Benchaâ ya zira ƙwallaye biyu da ci 4-0.  Sakamakon cutar ta COVID-19, an tsawaita rancen zuwa ranar 30 ga watan Satumba har zuwa ƙarshen gasar zakarun Tunisiya, bayan yarjejeniya tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.footalgerien.com/foot-transfert-pret-de-benchaa-cs-sfaxien-prolonge-jusquau-30-septembre/ |title=USM Alger : Le prêt de Benchaâ au CS Sfaxien prolongé jusqu’au 30 septembre |website=.footalgerien.com |date=5 August 2020 |access-date=22 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayin tunatarwa, ƙungiyoyin biyu suna da bambanci a cikin wannan fayil, a watan Agustan da ya gabata. 'Yan Tunisiya sun yi barazanar kama hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Tunisiya (FTF) da FIFA don kunna zabin sayen.  A ranar 25 ga watan Satumba, 2020, Benchaâ ya koma [[USM Alger]] .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.mediafootdz.com/ligue-1-mobilis/usma-zakaria-benchaa-de-retour/|title=USMA : Zakaria Benchaâ de retour !|access-date=2023-04-05|archive-date=2022-09-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220914090359/https://www.mediafootdz.com/ligue-1-mobilis/usma-zakaria-benchaa-de-retour/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Hanyoyin hadi na waje ==

* {{Soccerway|zakaria--benchaa/398682}}
* [https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/75963/Zakaria_Benchaa.html NFT Profile]
[[Category:'Yan wasan kwallon kafa ta kasar Aljeriya]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haihuwan 1997]]</text>
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  <page>
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      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Umar A Muhammad! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Umar A Muhammad|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 28 Mayu 2023 (UTC)

:naji dadi Kuma nayi murna da saqon ku [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad#top|talk]]) 14:16, 16 ga Augusta, 2023 (UTC)

== Yanda ake magance fari Naruwa  ==

In ansami fari na ruwa ( Rashin Ruwa Lokacin damina )  Ana yin ganda kokuma ayii Haro koh Ayii Huda Aqi  shuka ￼sai  Ruwa ya duka sosai [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad#top|talk]]) 17:16, 31 Mayu 2023 (UTC)

== ARINGA SARA ANA DUBAN BAKIN GATARI ==

Wannan kalmace daga cikin jerin Karin Magana na Hausa 

In ace aringa ￼ Sara ana duba bakin gatari ana nufin ( karinga aiki da lura) kada garin gyara arasa ido [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad#top|talk]]) 14:20, 16 ga Augusta, 2023 (UTC)

== Burin Dan Adam A Rayuwa ==

Rayuwa abace Wanda kowa kesun jin dadi acikinta ba wanda keson yasha wuya acikin  [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad#top|talk]]) 14:26, 16 ga Augusta, 2023 (UTC)

== Ƙafan mota Wanda ake kira da ƙiran golf ==

Ƙafan mota wanda ake kira da ƙiran golf tana da madauri na taya guda hudu tanada shaft of zuba guda Ɗaya shaft of zuban nada madauri guda biyu sannam tanada shaft Yana da madauri guda uku sanna yanada bulget a ƙasa yanada madauri guda Ɗaya [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad#top|talk]]) 14:40, 16 ga Augusta, 2023 (UTC)

== Mukala: Falalan Salatin Annabi SAW ==

Assalam, da fatan kana lafiya. Muna godiya da kirkirar wannan mukala da ka yi akan falalar salatin manzo SAW. Amma duba da tsarin Wikipedia inaga mukalar tana bukatan inganci sosai kafin a bar ta ta zamo shafi tsayayya. Na farko akwai bukatan ka cire son kai (wato bias) duk da cewa na san duk musulmi na matukar kaunar manzo SAW. Na biyu akwai bukatan manazarta (wato citations/references). Na uku na ga ka sanya wani dan emoji mai alamun ruwa ruwa to ba'a amfani da su a shafukan Wikipedia. Da fatan zamu gyara baki daya. AlLah sa mu dace..

Barka da Juma'a.[[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 05:47, 24 Nuwamba, 2023 (UTC)

:Idan kuma muka kara bita muka ga ba'a inganta ta ba to zamu hade ta kai tsaye da mukalar Manzon AlLah SAW - [[Muhammad]]. [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 05:48, 24 Nuwamba, 2023 (UTC)

== Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia,

Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC.

Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a.

Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]].

Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki.

A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC)
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== Thank you for being a medical contributors! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{| style=&quot;background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;&quot;
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|style=&quot;font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;&quot; |'''The 2024 Cure Award''' 
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;&quot; |In 2024 you '''[[mdwiki:WikiProjectMed:WikiProject_Medicine/Stats/Top_medical_editors_2024_(all)|were one of the top medical editors in your language]]'''. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We really appreciate you and the vital work you do! 

Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|Consider joining for 2025]]''', there are no associated costs.

Additionally one of our primary efforts revolves around translating health content. We invite you to '''[https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php try our new workflow]''' if you have not already. Our dashboard automatically [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php collects statistics] of your efforts and we are working on [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/fixwikirefs.php tools to automatically improve formating].
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Thanks again :-)  -- [[mdwiki:User:Doc_James|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000f1&quot;&gt;'''Doc James'''&lt;/span&gt;]] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 06:23, 26 ga Janairu, 2025 (UTC)
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== Zaben UC4C  ==

Assalam @[[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]]

Ina neman goyon bayanka (support) son zama daya daga cikin mambobin UC4C a zaben Kwamitin UC4C na 2025. Ka zabi (support) wa Uncle Bash007 a wannan shafin na zabe:


https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/403 [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 06:25, 16 ga Yuni, 2025 (UTC)

== Gyara shafi ==

Barka @[[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] shafinka na Wikipedia ba bayananka bane, bayanai ne na injin mota kasanya. Ya kamata ka gyara.

[[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 11:26, 24 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)

:Tom nagode raka yadade zanne mi karin bayani a gyaramin nagode da kulawa da lura da kk mana [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad|talk]]) 11:35, 24 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)
::🤗🙏 [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 11:38, 24 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)

== Gyara a kan take (Title) ==

Assalam @[[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]],

Sannu da kokari, ina bibiyar aikinka, sannan na lura kana canza taken mukala (''article title'') a shafukan da kake kirkira. Kana kara &quot;yanayin kasar..&quot; a mukalun da kake kirkira. Misali, [[Yanayin yankin Leningrad]] a maimakon sunan Kasar [[Leningrad Oblast]] kawai. Da kuma a nan, [[Yanayin ƙasar Adygea]] a maimakon sunan kasar kawai [[Adygea]]! 

Ina fatan zaka gyara. Idan sunan abu ne na gaskiya (proper noun), ba'a sauya shi. Ka saka shi yadda yaka

[[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 06:02, 7 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

:Nagode ranka ya dade [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad|talk]]) 06:09, 7 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)
::@[[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]]
::Ka cigaba da rubuta '''Yanayin Yankin'''... kawai ka fassara shi ba tare da ka sauya sunan ba tunda sunan kasa ne [[Yanayin yankin Tangshan]] - [[Tangshan]] kawai. 
::Ka gyara pls [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 09:25, 7 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)
:::Tom mai gida [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad|talk]]) 09:33, 7 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

== Fassara mara inganci - gogewa ==

Assalam @[[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]],

Sannu da kokari ina ganin ayyukan ka. Amma sai dai wannan mukala [[Rarraba guguwa]] ba ta karantuwa kasancewa akwai kalmomin kimiyya da geography da yawa wanda idan ba mutum ya kware a Hausa ba (ina nufin kalmomin kimiyya da Hausa) ba zai fassara ta yadda ta dace be. Saboda haka zan share ta. [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 16:27, 10 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

:Nagode Uncle  [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad|talk]]) 16:32, 10 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

== Taya murna da Jawo Hankali ==

Barka da aiki @[[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]], da farko ina taya ka murna akan nasarar kasancewa mataki na 3rd a gasar &quot;Wiki For Human Right 2025&quot;. Daga bisani kuma inaso injawo hankalinka domin kula wajan saka sashen &quot;Manazarta&quot; a kowace muƙaka da zaka ƙirƙira. Mafi yawancin muƙalolin da ka yi baya bayan nan suna da inganci, saidai kana mantuwa wajan fiddo sashen Manazarta. Yin gyaran zai kawo rashin ruɗani ga mai karatu domin fahimtar komi a cikin muhallinsa. Bissalam....

[[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 07:55, 25 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

:Tom Ranka ya dade nagode za a gyara [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad|talk]]) 08:29, 25 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:16, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)
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    <title>Abuja Investments Company</title>
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{{Databox}}
[[Abuja]] Investments Company Limited (AICL) kamfani ne na ci gaba da saka hannun jari na Najeriya don Babban Birnin Tarayya (FCTA), wanda ke zaune a birnin Abuja . Yana samar da saka hannun jari don Ci gaban tattalin arziki ga yankin [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] a Najeriya.

== Tarihi ==
An kafa AICL a cikin 1994 a matsayin Kamfanin Abuja Kamfanin Haɓaka Zuba Jari da Kaddarori (AIPDC).

Kamfanin ya yi gyare-gyare da ayyuka da yawa a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnati da masu zuba jari masu sha'awar yin aiki a cikin Babban Birnin Tarayya.

An ƙirƙira AICL kuma ma mallakin babban birnin tarayya ne gaba ɗaya (FCTA) tare da hangen nesa don haɓaka iya aiki a cikin gudanarwar haɗin gwiwar jama'a masu zaman kansu da sarrafa kadarorin don ci gaba mai dorewa. AICL an yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mallakar jama'a amma mai zaman kansa Kamfanin Lamuni mai iyaka don yin aiki a matsayin Kamfanin Riƙe na FCT. Tun daga 2009 [sabunta], yana da sama da $100M a ƙarƙashin gudanarwa AICL kuma ya girma ya zama kamfani na saka hannun jari tare da ɗimbin fayil don haɗa hannun jari a harkar sufuri, fasaha da ƙasa.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
!Nasarorin da aka samu
|-
|1993
|An fara aiki a karkashin FCT a matsayin Kamfanin Abuja Investment &amp; Finance Limited
|-
|1994
|An haɗa shi da Canjin Sunan da aka yi wa Kamfanin Abuja Property &amp; Development Company
|-
|1995
|An kafa Subsidiary Aso Savings &amp; Loans Limited
|-
|1995
|An kafa Subsidiary Aso Property &amp; Investment Management Limited
|-
|2004
|Kamfanonin da aka kafa Abuja Leasing Company Ltd da Abuja Markets Management Limited
|-
|2005
|Gudanar da Kamfanin Sufurin Jama'a na Abuja
|-
|2006
|1st Corporate Restructuring Exercise - Canjin Sunan zuwa Abuja Investments Company Limited
|-
|2006
|Kamfanin Abuja Property &amp; Development Company da aka kafa
|-
|2006
|An kafa Subsidiary Abuja Technology Village
|-
|2006
|Da aka kafa Subsidiary Abuja Connect Limited
|-
|2008
|Da aka kafa Subsidiary Abuja Film Village Int
|-
|2009
|An kafa Subsidiary PowerNoth-AICL Ltd
|-
|2009
|Ayyukan sake fasalin kamfanoni na biyu - Maido da Kasuwanci
|}

== Kasuwanci ==
Wadannan sune rassa da kamfanonin kasuwanci a karkashin AICL: &lt;ref name=&quot;Abuja Investments Company Limited&quot;&gt;[http://www.abujainvestments.com], Holding Company for the FCT.&lt;/ref&gt;

Wadannan sune rassa da kamfanonin kasuwanci a karkashin AICL: &lt;ref name=&quot;Abuja Investments Company Limited&quot;&gt;[http://www.abujainvestments.com &lt;nowiki&gt;[1]&lt;/nowiki&gt;], Holding Company for the FCT.&lt;/ref&gt;

* Kamfanin Ci gaban Gidauniyar Abuja Limited (APDC) 100%
* Kamfanin Sufurin Jama'a na Abuja (AUMTCO) 100%
* Abuja Market Management Limited (AMML) 95%
* Abuja Technology Village Free Zone (ATVFZ) 51%
* Abuja Film Village Ltd 50%
* Shirin Ginin Gas 50%

'''Abokan hulɗa'''

* Kamfanin haya na Abuja (ALC) 20%
* PowerNoth AICL Kamfanin Leasing na Kayan aiki 20%
* Asibitin Amurka 20%
* ASO Savings &amp; Loans Plc 10%
* Kamfanin Abuja Power Ltd 10%
* Otal din Babban Birni (Otal din Sheraton da Hasumiyoyin Abuja]) 6.51%
* Abuja Downtown Mall 5%

== Ayyukan Kasuwanci ==
AICL a matsayinta na kungiya ta kusan gwamnati ta kasance a cikin kasuwancin tsara haɗin gwiwar jama'a da masu zaman kansu. A cikin wannan hanyar kamfanin yana ba da sabis masu zuwa: 

* Ci gaban Kasuwanci
* Shawarwarin Kudade
* Gudanar da saka hannun jari
* Gudanar da Ayyuka
* Ci gaban Gidaje
* Kasuwanci Kasuwanci

== Ci gaban Yankin ==

=== Bankin &amp; Kudi ===

=== Kasuwanci ===
Kamfanin AICL na Abuja Markets Management Limited (AMML) yana ba da sabis na gudanar da kayan aiki ga kusan dukkanin kasuwanni a babban birnin, Abuja.

=== Karfi ===
Kamfanin ya tsara kamfanoni daban-daban na dandamali don ci gaban tattalin arziki na FCT a bangaren makamashi, wasu kamfanoni sune:

* Shirin Ginin Gas
* Kamfanin Wutar Lantarki na Abuja

=== Nishaɗi da Karɓar Baƙi ===
AICL tana da dabarun da ke cikin Otal din Capital (Sheraton Hotel &amp; Towers, Abuja) kuma kamfanin iyaye ne ga Abuja Film Village

=== Muhalli ===
Tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Abuja (AEPB), AICL ta yi babban saka hannun jari a wannan bangare musamman a samar da motocin zubar da sharar gida ta hanyar shigar da Kamfanin Leasing na PowerNoth AICL don share sharar gida daga tsakiyar gari.

=== Lafiya ===
AICL ta yi aiki a kan kafa Asibitin Amurka, aikin da ke gudana tun 2009.

=== Gidaje da Infrastructure ===
AICL tana riƙe da saka hannun jari a cikin:

* Kamfanin Ci gaban Gidauniyar Abuja Limited (APDC) 
* Abuja Downtown Mall

=== Fasahar ===
Dangane da Babban Shirin Babban Birnin Tarayya, AICL ta kafa kamfanoni masu zuwa don ƙirƙirar ƙarin iyawa a bangaren fasaha da inganta ayyukan motoci na yanzu a yankin: 

* Yankin Fasaha na Abuja
* Garin Abuja

=== Sufuri ===
AICL ta ba da gudummawa ga fannin sufuri na tattalin arziki ta hanyar kafa manyan kamfanoni biyu: Kamfanin Leasing na Abuja (ALC) da Kamfanin Sufuri na Birane na Abuja (AUMTCO).

ALC tana ba da dandamali ga mutane da kamfanoni don siyan motoci don sabis na taksi a ƙarƙashin tsari na PPP mai suna 'Abuja Green Cab Scheme'. Wannan makircin yana ba da kuɗin haya ga 'yan Najeriya masu cancanta har zuwa shekaru huɗu don sayen Cabs.

AUMTCO tana ba da sabis na sufuri ga duk mazauna a Babban Birnin Tarayya (FCT). Kamfanin yana da bas sama da 150 waɗanda ke amfani da hanyoyin da aka tsara a cikin babban birnin kuma suna ba da sabis na sufuri na wucin gadi ga garuruwan tauraron dan adam waɗanda ke ba da mafi yawan ma'aikata ga Babban Birnin.

== Abokan hulɗa ==
A cikin shekaru Abuja Investments Company Limited an lura da yin aiki tare da kamfanoni masu zuwa:

* Kwamitin Kare Muhalli na Abuja &lt;ref name=&quot;AEPB&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.ng.undp.org/documents/SEEDS/Federal_Capital_Territory.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724211138/http://www.ng.undp.org/documents/SEEDS/Federal_Capital_Territory.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-24 |access-date=2011-06-20}}, AICL sets the pace for AEPB.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Afirka &lt;ref name=&quot;AUST&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Our Sponsors &amp; Partners &amp;#124; African University of Science &amp; Technology |url=http://www.aust.edu.ng/content/our-sponsors-partners |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817072157/http://aust.edu.ng/content/our-sponsors-partners |archive-date=2011-08-17 |access-date=2011-06-20}}, AUST: Sponsors-Partners.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Aso Savings &amp; Loans Plc &lt;ref name=&quot;Aso Savings &amp; Loans&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=ASO Partners - ASO Savings &amp; Loans, PLC |url=http://www.asoplc.com/content/xtras/partners.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211213907/http://asoplc.com/content/xtras/partners.php |archive-date=2010-12-11 |access-date=2011-06-20}}, Aso Savings: Partners.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ƙungiyar Churchgate 
* Fasahar Fasaha ta Ƙananan &lt;ref name=&quot;Craft Technologies Limited&quot;&gt;[http://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/10/nigeria-at-50-anniversary-promo-to-end-dec-31-2/], Nigeria at 50 anniversary promo.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Kakara Rapid Development &lt;ref name=&quot;Kakara&quot;&gt;[http://allafrica.com/stories/200909110711.html], AICL Partners with Kakara.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Hukumar Tallafa Jari ta Najeriya
* [[Ma'aikatar Masana'antu, Kasuwanci da Zuba Jari ta Tarayya (Nijeriya)|Ma'aikatar Masana'antu, Ciniki da Zuba Jari ta Tarayya (Nijeriya)]]
* [[Tattalin arzikin Najeriya]]

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Ab-DanKoɗo</title>
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      <id>838492</id>
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        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
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      <comment>/* Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C */ sabon sashe</comment>
      <origin>838492</origin>
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      <text bytes="3622" sha1="1xub40arabegs008sdo4bhachcjv5ut" xml:space="preserve">== Barka da zuwa! ==
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, El-Abdallaah! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/El-Abdallaah|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma ina fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]], ko kuma ka tambayeni a {{Gyara|User talk:Ammarpad|section=new|shafina na tattaunawa}}. Na gode.–[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:22, 1 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC)

== Canza shekaru daga Numbobi zuwa kalmomi ==

Aslm {{@|El-Abdallaah|p=}}, barka da zuwa Wikipedia ta Hausa.

Na lura ka fara yin wani salon &quot;gyara&quot; na canza shekarun haihuwa daga numbobi zuwa kalmomi, kamar [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faruk_Umar_Faruk&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=273044 wannan] da [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ado_Ahmad_Gidan_Dabino&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=273001 wannan] da ma wasu da yawa. Please ka daina. Babu buƙatar irin wannan gyara. Shekarun haihuwa a ingantacciyar Hausa ana rubuta sune da numbobi kuma babu ɓukatar kalmomi bayan haka. 

Kalmomin ana furta sune a Hausar lafazi, lokacin da ake magana. Sannan kowane bahaushe ko mai koyon Hausa da yaga numbobin yasan abunda suke nufi, kuma zai karanta sune da kalmomi a zuciya lokacin karatu.

Domin ƙara fahimtar gyara da inganta muƙaloli a Wikipedia ta Hausa, da ma sauran shawarwari ka karanta [[#Barka da zuwa!|wannan saƙon marabar]].

Da fatan zaka gyara. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:35, 1 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC)

== Za ka iya samun damar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ina tuntubar ku ne saboda kun riga kun kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen da suka shafi [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kwamitin Kula da Ɗabi'a na Duniya (U4C)]]. Kuna iya cancantar kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen U4C na yanzu, wanda aka buɗe yanzu kuma zai ƙare a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2026. Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da 'yan takara da zaɓen a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|shafin zaɓe akan Meta]], kuma daga nan za ku iya samun damar jefa ƙuri'ar da kanta. Shiga cikin waɗannan zaɓen yana da mahimmanci ga shugabancin al'ummomin Wikimedia, kuma lokacin da kuka ɓata kuna koyo game da 'yan takara da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a ana yaba muku.

-- Tare da haɗin gwiwar U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:20, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Tattaunawar user:Abdallaahpage2]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
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  <page>
    <title>Zahra Kazemi</title>
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'''Zahra &quot;Ziba&quot; Kazemi-Ahmadabadi''' (Persian; An haife ta 1948- ta mutu 11 ga watan Yulin 2003) ta kasance 'yar jarida mai zaman kanta na Iran-Kanada. Ta sami sananne saboda kama ta a Iran da kuma yanayin da hukumomin [[Iran]] suka tsare ta, wanda aka kashe ta. Rahoton binciken gawawwakin Kazemi ya nuna cewa jami'an Iran sun yi mata fyade kuma sun azabtar da ita yayin da take kurkukun Evin, wanda ke cikin babban birnin [[Tehran]].
Kodayake hukumomin Iran sun nace cewa mutuwarta ba ta da gangan kuma ta mutu daga bugun jini yayin da ake tuhumar ta, [[Shahram Azam]], tsohon likitan soja wanda ya yi amfani da ilimin da ya yi game da shari'ar Kazemi don neman mafaka a [[Kanada]] a shekara ta 2004, ya bayyana cewa ya bincika jikin Kazemi kuma ya lura cewa ta nuna alamun azabtarwa, gami da karyewar kwanyar, karyewar hanci, alamun fyade, da mummunan rauni na ciki.

Mutuwarta ita ce karo na farko da mutuwar [[Iran]] a hannun gwamnati ta ja hankalin manyan kasashen duniya.&lt;ref&gt;Ebadi, Shirin, ''Iran Awakening'', by Shirin Ebadi with Azadeh Moaveni, [[Random House]] New York, 2006, p.199&lt;/ref&gt; Saboda 'yan kasa biyu da kuma yanayin mutuwarta, tun daga lokacin ta zama sananniyar kasa da kasa. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2003, 'yan jaridar Kanada don Magana ta kyauta sun girmama Kazemi tare da lambar yabo ta Tara Singh Hayer Memorial don nuna godiya ga ƙarfin hali wajen kare' yancin faɗar albarkacin baki.&lt;ref&gt;[http://cjfe.org/releases/2003/031007-awardwinners.html Memorial Award November 2003 ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706095246/http://www.cjfe.org/releases/2003/031007-awardwinners.html|date=6 July 2010}}, [[cjfe.org]]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa da mutuwa ==
An haifi Kazemi a [[Shiraz]], dake kasar Iran, kuma ta koma Faransa a 1974 don nazarin adabi da fina-finai a Jami'ar Paris . Tare da ɗanta, Stephan Hachemi, ta yi hijira zuwa Kanada a 1993 kuma ta zauna a [[Montréal|Montreal]], Quebec, inda daga baya ta sami 'yancin Kanada kuma ta zama ɗan ƙasa biyu. Ta yi aiki a Afirka, Latin Amurka, da Caribbean sannan kuma akai-akai a kasashe daban-daban na Gabas ta Tsakiya, gami da yankunan Palasdinawa, [[Iraƙi|Iraki]], da [[Afghanistan]]. Ta ziyarci kasashen biyu na ƙarshe kafin da kuma lokacin mamayar Amurka. Nan da nan kafin tafiyarta zuwa Iran, Kazemi ta sake komawa Iraki, ta rubuta aikin Amurka. Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikinta sune rubuce-rubuce na talauci, talauci, tilasta gudun hijira da zalunci, da kuma ƙarfin mata a cikin waɗannan yanayi.

=== Kamawa ===
[[File:EvinHouseofDetention.jpg|thumb|Gidan tsare-tsare na Evin, inda aka kama Kazemi kuma aka tsare shi]]
Tafiya zuwa ƙasar haihuwarta ta amfani da fasfo ta Iran, an ba Kazemi damar shiga Iran don ɗaukar hotuna na yiwuwar zanga-zangar da ake sa ran za ta faru a [[Tehran]] a watan Yulin 2003. An gudanar da zanga-zangar kuma an murkushe su yadda ya kamata bayan rana ta shida ta hanyar tura manyan jami'an tsaro da masu tsaron gida, ko kuma &quot;masu sutura&quot;. Bayan clampdown, kimanin dalibai 4000 &quot;sun ɓace&quot; kuma an yi tunanin an kama su ne saboda zanga-zangar kuma an kai su kurkukun Evin, gidan tsare fursunonin siyasa na Tehran. Kamar yadda ya saba bayan irin waɗannan abubuwan, dangin waɗanda suka ɓace sun taru a waje da gidan yarin Evin a arewacin Tehran da fatan sanin abin da ya faru da yaransu. A ranar 23 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2003, Kazemi ta tafi kurkuku don daukar hotuna na waɗannan dangin, tana da katin manema labarai da gwamnati ta bayar wanda ta yi tunanin ya ba ta izini ta yin aiki a Tehran, gami da Evin.

A cewar Shirin Ebadi, lauyan Iran kuma tsohon alƙali wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya a shekara ta 2003 kuma daga baya ya zama babban wakilin dangin Kazemi a shari'ar mutuwar Kazemi, wani ma'aikacin kurkuku ya ga Kazemi yana ɗaukar hotuna kuma ya bukaci ta ba shi kyamararta, yayin da aka haramta daukar hoto a gaban kurkuku.&lt;blockquote&gt;Da yake damuwa cewa jami'ai na iya tayar da iyalan da ta riga ta dauki hotuna, sai ta nuna katin manema labarai kuma ta fallasa fim din ga haske. Mai tsaron ya yi mata ihu da fushi, 'Ban tambaye ka ka ka ka fallasa fim dinka ba, na gaya muku ka ba ni kyamarar ka' 'Za ka iya samun kyamarar,' ta amsa, 'amma fim din na ni ne.' Jami'an 'yan sanda, masu gabatar da kara, da jami'an leken asiri sun tsare ta kuma suka yi mata tambayoyi a cikin kwanaki uku masu zuwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ebadi&quot;&gt;Ebadi, ''Iran Awakening'', (2006), pp. 195–7&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Ma'aikatan gidan yarin Evin, wanda lauyoyin iyalin Kazemi suka yi la'akari da shi a cikin duka da suka haifar da mutuwar Kazemi, sun ce ta kasance a cikin wani yanki mai rikitarwa, tana daukar hotunan sassan gidan yarin. Kwanaki da yawa bayan kama ta, jaridu masu tsananin layi sun buga labarai &quot;suna kiranta ɗan leƙen asiri wanda ya shiga ƙasar a ɓoye a matsayin ɗan jarida&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ebadi&quot;&gt;Ebadi, ''Iran Awakening'', (2006), pp. 195–7&lt;/ref&gt;

Kazemi ta nace cewa ba ta dauki hoton wani bangare na kurkuku ba, kawai titin da masu zanga-zangar, wadanda suka kasance dangin daliban masu fafutuka da aka daure a kurkuku.

=== Mutuwa ===
A ranar 11 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2003, kwanaki goma sha tara bayan an kama ta, Kazemi ta mutu a hannun Iran a asibitin Sojojin Baghiyyatollah al-Azam . Kwanaki biyu bayan haka, kamfanin dillancin labarai na IRNA na Iran ya ba da rahoton cewa Kazemi ta yi wa bugun jini yayin da ake tuhumar ta kuma ta mutu a asibiti. Wannan labarin ya canza zuwa wanda Kazemi ya mutu bayan ya fadi kuma ya buga kansa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ebadi&quot;&gt;Ebadi, ''Iran Awakening'', (2006), pp. 195–7&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 16 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2003, mataimakin shugaban kasar Iran, Mohammad Ali Abtahi, &quot;ya yarda cewa Kazemi ya mutu sakamakon bugawa&quot;. Mohammad Ali Abtahi (Mataimakin Shugaban Harkokin Shari'a) da Masoud Pezeshkian (Ministan Lafiya da Ilimi na Kiwon Lafiya) sun yarda cewa ta mutu ne daga karyewar kwanyar sakamakon bugawa a kai. Abtahi ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana ƙarƙashin matsin lamba don dawo da amincewar, amma ya yi tsayayya da shi.

Shirin Ebadi ta ba da rahoton cewa jami'an tsaro sun bincika gidan wani aboki wanda ba a san sunansa ba wanda Kazemi ke zaune a ciki kuma &quot;ya ci gaba da tambayar&quot; abokinta game da &quot;'yanayin likita&quot; na Kazemi da kuma waɗanne magunguna da take shan kowace rana&quot;. Jami'ai sun kuma hana tsohuwar mahaifiyar Kazemi, mai rauni, wacce ta yi tafiya daga Shiraz don ganin ɗanta kaɗai, daga ganin Kazemi har sai sun tambaye ta game da magungunan da suka nace cewa dole ne 'yarta ta yi amfani da su. Abokin Kazemi ya gaya wa Ebadi cewa daga baya ta fahimci wannan yana nufin Kazemi ya mutu, kuma jami'an &quot;suna so su yi iƙirarin cewa Ziba yana da yanayin da ya riga ya kara muni a kurkuku&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ebadi&quot;&gt;Ebadi, ''Iran Awakening'', (2006), pp. 195–7&lt;/ref&gt;

Labarin bai zama babbar gardama ba har sai kusan shekaru biyu bayan haka, lokacin da Shahram Azam, tsohon likitan ma'aikatar tsaro ta Iran, ya fitar da wata sanarwa cewa ya bincika Kazemi a asibiti kwana hudu bayan kama ta kuma ya sami alamun azabtarwa, ciki har da:&lt;blockquote&gt;
* Shaidar fyade mai tsanani
* Kashewar kwanyar, yatsunsu biyu da suka karye, yatsun da suka ɓace, babban yatsan da aka murkushe, da hanci da ya karye.
* Rashin rauni mai tsanani a cikin ciki, kumburi a bayan kai, da kuma kafada mai rauni.
* Rashin zurfi a wuyan da kuma shaidar bulala a kan kafafu.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;Daya daga cikin jami'an leken asiri na Iran guda biyu da ake tuhumar mutuwarta an wanke ta a watan Satumbar shekara ta 2003. Sauran wakilin, Mohammed Reza Aghdam-Ahmadi (محمدرضام احمدی), an tuhume shi da &quot;kisan kai da gangan&quot; kuma an fara shari'arsa a Tehran a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2003. A cikin wannan watan, majalisar dokokin Iran ta yi Allah wadai da Saeed Mortazavi, mai gabatar da kara na Tehran, saboda sanar da cewa Kazemi ya mutu daga bugun jini. A ranar 25 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2004, an wanke Aghdam-Ahmadi.

== Duba kuma ==

* Kashe Mahsa Amini
* 'Yancin Dan Adam a Iran
* Jerin shahararrun matan Farisa
* Jerin 'yan kasashen waje da aka tsare a Iran
* Zahra Bani Yaghoub

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [http://montreal.cbc.ca/regional/servlet/View?filename=qc_kazemi20030716 Labarin labarai na CBC Montreal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051024140924/http://montreal.cbc.ca/regional/servlet/View?filename=qc_kazemi20030716 |date=2005-10-24 }}
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3085551.stm Labarin Labaran BBC]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3905319.stm Binciken BBC News game da shari'ar]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/stories/2003/07/23/iran_ambassador030723 Kabari a Iran]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/this_world/3475705.stm BBC This World, Iran: Asirin Kisan kai, wanda aka watsa a Burtaniya a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu, 2004]
* {{In lang|fa}} Reports of the 17 July 2004 trial session in [http://www.vaghaye.com/13830428/Page-6.html Vaghaye] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040803084553/http://www.vaghaye.com/13830428/Page-6.html |date=2004-08-03 }} and [http://www.sharghnewspaper.com/830428/index.htm Shargh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023410/http://www.sharghnewspaper.com/830428/index.htm |date=2016-03-04 }}, [http://www.sharghnewspaper.com/830428/gover.htm#s86760 newspapers]{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://naghed.net/Yaddasht_ha/Sugnameh.htm Labarin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090505222739/http://www.naghed.net/Yaddasht_ha/Sugnameh.htm |date=2009-05-05 }} Zahra Kazemi. na Khosro Naghed (Persian)
* [http://cjfe.org/protestlets/2005/01042005iran.html 'Yan jaridar Kanada don Magana ta 'Yanci suna buƙatar Aiki] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425154730/http://cjfe.org/protestlets/2005/01042005iran.html |date=2009-04-25 }}
* [http://www.ifex.org/en/content/view/full/65794/ Ƙungiyoyin Magana ta 'Yanci suna kira ga Adalci] - IFEX
* [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/kazemi/ CBC: Tarihi a kan Kazemi]
* [http://www.iran-press-service.com/articles_2003/Jul-2003/journalist_dies_17703.htm Shugaba da aka nada mai gabatar da kara Mortazavi ya kashe Zahra Kazemi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220142232/http://www.iran-press-service.com/articles_2003/Jul-2003/journalist_dies_17703.htm |date=2016-12-20 }}
* [http://www.womenfreedomforum.org/kazemi/wff-article.htm WWF: Labaran Zahra Kazemi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211024125/http://www.womenfreedomforum.org/kazemi/wff-article.htm |date=2021-02-11 }}
[[Category:Matattun 2003]]
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'''Giginya'''  Kauye ne a karamar hukumar [[Babura]] dake jihar [[jigawa]]&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Polling Unit Locator Tool&quot;. Abuja, Nigeria: Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). December 28, 2019. Retrieved December 28, 2019&lt;/ref&gt;

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[[Fayil:Johnny Depp 21 Jump Street 1987 Press Photo.jpg|thumb|Johnny Depp lokacin yana yaro]]
[[Fayil:Johnny Depp Festival de Cannes 2023.jpg|thumb|Johnny Depp]]
[[Fayil:JeffBeckTribute1RAH220523 (60 of 136) (52920268320).jpg|thumb|Johnny Depp a ilin rawa]]
[[Fayil:Joseph Al Ahmad and Johnny Depp.jpg|thumb|Johnny Depp abashie award]]
 

'''John Christopher Depp II''' (an haife shi a watan Yuni&amp;nbsp; 9shekara ta, Shekara ta alif 1963) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na [[Amurka]] kuma mawaƙi. Shi ne mafi karɓar lambobin yabo da yawa, gami da lambar yabo ta Golden Globe da lambar yabo ta Actors Guild Award, kuma an zaɓi shi don lambar yabo ta Academy guda uku da kyaututtukan BAFTA guda biyu.


Depp ya fara fitowa a fim ɗin sa na farko a cikin fim ɗin ban tsoro ''A Nightmare akan Elm Street'' (1984) kuma ya bayyana a cikin shirin ''Platoon'' (1986), kafin ya kuma yi fice a matsayin matashin matsafi acikin jerin talabijin ''21 Jump Street'' (1987 – 1990). A cikin 1990s, Depp ya yi aiki mafi yawa a cikin fina-finai masu zaman kansu tare da masu gudanarwa na mawallafi, sau da yawa yana wasa da haruffa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ''Cry-Baby'' (1990), ''Abin da ke Cin Gilbert Grape'' (1993), ''Benny da Joon'' (1993), ''Dead Man'' (1995), ''Donnie Brasco'' (1997), da ''Tsoro da ƙi a Las Vegas'' (1998). Depp kuma ya fara haɗin gwiwa na tsawon lokaci tare da darekta Tim Burton, yana nuna jagorancin fina-finai ''Edward Scissorhands'' (1990), ''Ed Wood'' (1994), da ''Sleepy Hollow'' (1999) ''.''

A cikin shekarun 2000s, Depp ya zama ɗaya daga cikin taurarin fina-finai mafi cin nasara ta hanyar buga Kyaftin Jack Sparrow a cikin jerin fina-finai na Walt Disney swashbuckler ''Pirates of the Caribbean'' (2003 – 2017). Ya kuma sami yabo ga ''Chocolat'' (2000), ''Neman Neverland'' (2004) da ''Maƙiyin Jama'a'' (2009), kuma ya ci gaba da cin nasarar kasuwancinsa tare da Burton tare da fina-finai ''Charlie da Kamfanin Chocolate'' (2005), ''Bride Bride'' (2005), ''Sweeney Todd'' . '': The Demon Barber na Fleet Street'' (2007), da ''Alice a Wonderland'' (2010).


A cikin shekarar 2012, Depp yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan taurarin fina-finai na duniya,   kuma ''Guinness World Records'' ya jera shi a matsayin ɗan wasan da ya fi samun kuɗi a duniya, tare da samun dalar Amurka 75.&amp;nbsp;miliyan a shekara.  A cikin shekarar 2010s, Depp ya fara samar da fina-finai ta hanyar kamfaninsa Infinitum Nihil . Ya kuma sami yabo ga ''Black Mass'' (2015) kuma ya kafa babban rukuni na Hollywood Vampires tare da [[Alice Cooper]] da Joe Perry, kafin yin tauraro a matsayin Gellert Grindelwald a cikin Wizarding World fina-finai ''Fantastic Beasts da Inda za a Nemo su'' (2016) da ''Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes Grindelwald'' (2018).
[[Category:Biography with signature]]
[[Category:Articles with hCards]]
Tsakanin shekarar 1998 da 2012, Depp yana cikin dangantaka da mawaƙin Faransa Vanessa Paradis, wanda yake da 'ya'ya biyu, ciki har da actress Lily-Rose Depp . Daga 2015 zuwa 2017, Depp ya auri 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Amber Heard . Sakin nasu ya ja hankalin kafafen yada labarai, domin dukkansu sun yi zargin cin zarafi da juna, kuma dukkansu suna aikata laifukan batanci da jama'a suka yi.

== Rayuwar farko ==
An kuma haifi John Christopher Depp II a ranar 9 ga Yuni, 1963, a Owensboro, Kentucky,    auta cikin yara hudu na mai hidima Betty Sue Depp ( née Wells; daga baya Palmer)  da injiniyan farar hula John. Christopher Depp. {{Sfn|Blitz|Krasniewicz|2007}}  Iyalin Depp suna tafiya akai-akai a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, daga ƙarshe suka zauna a Miramar, [[Florida]], a cikin 1970. &lt;ref name=&quot;tca&quot;&gt;Stated on ''[[Inside the Actors Studio]]'', 2002&lt;/ref&gt; Iyayensa sun sake aure a cikin shekarar 1978 lokacin yana 15, &lt;ref name=&quot;tca&quot; /&gt;  kuma mahaifiyarsa daga baya ta auri Robert Palmer, wanda Depp ya kira &quot;wahayi&quot;.  

Mahaifiyar Depp ta ba shi guitar sa'ad da yake ɗan shekara 12, kuma ya fara wasa a ƙungiyoyi daban-daban. &lt;ref name=&quot;tca&quot;&gt;Stated on ''[[Inside the Actors Studio]]'', 2002&lt;/ref&gt; Ya bar makarantar Miramar a 16 a shekarar 1979 don zama mawaƙin dutse. Ya yi yunkurin komawa makaranta bayan makonni biyu, amma shugaban makarantar ya gaya masa ya bi mafarkinsa na zama mawaki. &lt;ref name=&quot;tca&quot; /&gt; A cikin shekarar 1980, Depp ya fara wasa a cikin ƙungiyar da ake kira The Kids. Bayan samun nasara a cikin gida a Florida, ƙungiyar ta koma Los Angeles don neman yarjejeniyar rikodin, ta canza sunanta zuwa Hanyar Gun shida. Bugu da ƙari ga ƙungiyar, Depp ya yi ayyuka daban-daban na banƙyama, kamar a cikin tallan waya. A cikin Disamba 1983, Depp ya auri mai yin kayan shafa Lori Anne Allison,  'yar'uwar bassist da mawaƙa. Yara sun rabu kafin su sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar rikodin a 1984, kuma Depp ya fara haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyar Rock City Angels .  Ya haɗu da rubuta waƙar su &quot;Mary&quot;, wanda ya bayyana a farkon Geffen Records album ''Young Man's Blues'' .  Depp da Allison sun sake aure a 1985. &lt;ref name=&quot;peoplebio&quot; /&gt;

Depp na asalin Ingilishi ne, tare da wasu zuriyar Faransanci, Jamusanci, da Irish.  Sunansa ya fito ne daga Baƙin Huguenot Bafaranshe, Pierre Dieppe, wanda ya zauna a [[Virginia]] kusan 1700. Shi ne kuma zuriyar Elizabeth Key Grinstead, daya daga cikin matan farko na asalin asalin [[Afirkawan Amurka|Ba'amurke]] a Arewacin Amurka don neman 'yancinta da nasara.  A cikin tambayoyin da aka yi a 2002 da 2011, Depp ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana da zuriyar Amirkawa, yana mai cewa: &quot;Ina tsammanin ina da wasu 'yan asalin Amirkawa a cikin layi. Kakata kakata 'yar asalin Amurka ce. Ta girma Cherokee ko watakila Creek Indian . Yana da ma'ana dangane da zuwan daga Kentucky, wanda ke cike da Cherokee da Indiyawan Indiya.&quot;  An bincika iƙirarin Depp lokacin da ''ƙasar Indiya a Yau'' ta rubuta cewa Depp bai taɓa yin tambaya game da al'adunsa ba ko kuma an gane shi a matsayin memba na Cherokee Nation . &lt;ref name=&quot;exploiting&quot; /&gt; Wannan ya haifar da sukar Depp daga al'ummar Amurkawa na asali, kamar yadda Depp ba shi da rubuce-rubuce na asali na asali,  da shugabannin al'ummar 'yan asalin suna la'akari da shi &quot;ba Ba Indiyawa ba&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;exploiting&quot; /&gt;  kuma mai riya .   &lt;ref name=&quot;Jago&quot;&gt;Jago, Robert (February 1, 2021). [https://nationalpost.com/opinion/robert-jago-criminalizing-pretendians-is-not-the-answer-we-need-to-give-first-nations-control-over-grants &quot;Robert Jago: Criminalizing 'Pretendians' Is Not the Answer; We Need to Give First Nations Control over Grants.&quot;] ''[[National Post]]''. Retrieved June 19, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt; Zaɓin Depp don nuna Tonto, ɗan asalin Ba'amurke, a cikin ''The Lone Ranger'' an soki shi, &lt;ref name=&quot;exploiting&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;AIFT&quot; /&gt; tare da zaɓin nasa na sanya wa ƙungiyar dutsen suna &quot;Tonto's Giant Nuts&quot;.     A lokacin gabatarwa don ''The Lone Ranger'', Depp an karɓi shi a matsayin ɗan girmamawa ta LaDonna Harris, memba na Comanche Nation, yana mai da shi memba mai daraja na danginta amma ba memba na kowace kabila ba.   Sunan Comanche na Depp da aka bayar a lokacin karɓo shine &quot;Mah Woo May&quot;, wanda ke nufin canza siffar.  Mahimman martani ga da'awarsa daga al'ummar 'yan asalin ya karu bayan wannan, gami da hotunan satirical na Depp na 'yan wasan barkwanci. &lt;ref name=&quot;ICTybarra&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Keene1&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Bogado1&quot; /&gt; Tallace-tallacen da ke nuna hotunan Depp da ƴan asalin Amirka, na Dior don ƙamshi &quot;Sauvage&quot;, an ja shi a cikin 2019 bayan an zarge shi da cin zarafin al'adu da [[wariyar launin fata]] .     &lt;ref name=&quot;8Tribes&quot; /&gt;

== Sana'a ==

=== 1984–1989: Matsayi na farko da ''21 Jump Street'' ===
[[File:President Ronald Reagan Greets Johnny Depp While Nancy Reagan Looks on in The Blue Room During The Reception After Tennis Tournament Benefit for The Nancy Reagan Drug Abuse Fund Spo - DPLA - 4377bec3bb07d0244007214d44b6f670.jpg|thumb| Depp yana gaisawa da Shugaba [[Ronald Reagan]] a Fadar [[White House]]&amp;nbsp;fa'ida ga Asusun Ciwon Magunguna na Nancy Reagan a cikin 1988]]
Depp ya koma Los Angeles tare da ƙungiyar sa lokacin yana ɗan shekara 20. Bayan ƙungiyar ta rabu, matar Depp a lokacin Lori Ann Allison ta gabatar da shi ga ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Nicolas Cage . &lt;ref name=&quot;tca&quot;&gt;Stated on ''[[Inside the Actors Studio]]'', 2002&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan sun zama abokan shayarwa, Cage ya shawarce shi ya ci gaba da yin wasan kwaikwayo. {{Sfn|Blitz|Krasniewicz|2007}} Depp ya kasance yana sha'awar yin aiki tun lokacin da ya karanta tarihin James Dean da kallon ''Rebel ba tare da wani dalili ba'' .  Cage ya taimaka wa Depp ya sami kwarewa tare da Wes Craven don ''A Nightmare akan Elm Street'' ; Depp, wanda ba shi da masaniyar wasan kwaikwayo, ya ce &quot;ya yi hatsari ne&quot;. {{Sfn|Blitz|Krasniewicz|2007}}  Godiya a wani bangare don kama ido na 'yar Craven, {{Sfn|Blitz|Krasniewicz|2007}} Depp ya sami matsayin babban saurayin babban mutum, daya daga cikin wadanda abin ya shafa na Freddy Krueger . &lt;ref name=&quot;tca&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Johnny_Depp_Jim_Jarmusch_Cannes_1995.jpg|left|thumb| Depp tare da darekta Jim Jarmusch a 1995 Cannes Film Festival]]
Depp ba shi da fitowar fina-finai a cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, sai dai taƙaitaccen fim a cikin ''Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare'' (1991), kashi na shida a cikin ''A Nightmare on Elm Street'' ikon amfani da sunan kamfani. Ya fito a fina-finai uku a shekarar 1993. A cikin wasan barkwanci na soyayya ''Benny da Joon'', ya buga wani fanin fim mai ban mamaki da jahilci wanda ke abokantaka da wata mace mai tabin hankali da dan uwanta; ya zama mai bacci ya buge . Janet Maslin na ''[[New York Times|The New York Times]]'' ya rubuta cewa Depp &quot;ba zai yi kama da Buster Keaton ba, amma akwai lokutan da ya zama da gaske ya zama Babban Fuskar Dutse, yana kuma kawo dabi'un Keaton mai dadi da sihiri a rayuwa&quot;.  Depp ya sami zaɓi na biyu na Golden Globe don wasan kwaikwayon. Fim ɗinsa na biyu na 1993 shine Lasse Hallström 's ''Abin da ke Cin Gilbert Grape'', wasan kwaikwayo game da dangin da ba su da aiki tare da Leonardo DiCaprio da Juliette Lewis . Bai yi kyau a kasuwanci ba, amma ya sami sanarwa mai kyau daga masu suka.  Ko da yake mafi yawan sake dubawa sun mayar da hankali kan DiCaprio, wanda aka zaba don lambar yabo ta Academy don wasan kwaikwayonsa, Todd McCarthy na ''Iri-iri'' ya rubuta cewa &quot;Depp yana kula da allo na cibiyar da ke da matukar dacewa, mai ban sha'awa.&quot;  Sakin Depp na 1993 na ƙarshe shine wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na Emir Kusturica ''Arizona Dream'', wanda ya buɗe don sake dubawa mai kyau kuma ya lashe kyautar Azurfa a Bikin Fim na [[Berlin]].

A cikin shekarar 1994, Depp ya sake saduwa da Burton, yana taka rawa a cikin ''Ed Wood'', wani fim na tarihin rayuwa game da ɗaya daga cikin manyan daraktocin fina-finai na tarihi. Daga baya Depp ya ce ya damu game da fina-finai da shirya fina-finai a lokacin, amma &quot;a cikin mintuna 10 da jin labarin aikin, na yi alkawari.&quot;  Ya gano cewa rawar da ta taka ta ba shi &quot;zama don shimfiɗawa da jin daɗi&quot; da kuma yin aiki tare da Martin Landau, wanda ya buga Bela Lugosi, &quot;ya sabunta soyayyata don yin wasan kwaikwayo&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Arnold, Gary&quot; /&gt; Duk da cewa bai samu koma baya da farashinsa na samarwa ba, ''Ed Wood'' ya sami kyakkyawar liyafar daga masu suka, tare da rubuta Maslin cewa Depp ya “tabbatar da kansa a matsayin kafaffe, ƙwararren ɗan wasan kwaikwayo” kuma “ya kama duk wani kyakkyawan fata wanda ya sa Ed Wood ya ci gaba., godiya ga iyawar ban dariya ta musamman don kallon layin azurfa na kowane girgije&quot;.  An zabi Depp a karo na uku don Mafi kyawun Jarumin Kiɗa ko Barkwanci Golden Globe saboda rawar da ya taka.

A shekara ta gaba, Depp ya taka rawa a cikin fina-finai uku. Ya taka leda a gaban Marlon Brando a cikin akwatin-ofishin buga ''Don Juan DeMarco'', a matsayin mutumin da ya gaskanta shi ne Don Juan, babban masoyi a duniya. Ya yi tauraro a cikin Jim Jarmusch 's ''Dead Man'', wani harbin Yamma gaba ɗaya a baki-da-fari; ba nasara ce ta kasuwanci ba kuma tana da sake dubawa masu mahimmanci. Kuma a cikin gazawar kuɗi da mahimmanci ''Nick of Time'', Depp ya buga wani akawu wanda aka gaya masa ya kashe ɗan siyasa don ya ceci 'yarsa da aka sace.

A cikin shekarar 1997, Depp da Al Pacino sun taka rawa a wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Donnie Brasco'', wanda Mike Newell ya jagoranta. Depp ya buga Joseph D. Pistone, wakilin FBI na ɓoye wanda ya ɗauki sunan Donnie Brasco don kutsawa Mafia a [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]]. Don shirya, Depp ya shafe lokaci tare da Pistone, wanda fim ɗin ya dogara akan abubuwan tunawa. ''Donnie Brasco'' ya kasance babban nasara na kasuwanci da mahimmanci, kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayon Depp.   Hakanan a cikin 1997, Depp ya yi muhawara a matsayin darekta kuma marubucin allo tare da ''The Brave'' . Ya yi tauraro a cikinta a matsayin talakan Ba’amurke ɗan asalin ƙasar Amurka wanda ya karɓi shawara daga wani attajiri, wanda Marlon Brando ya buga, ya fito a cikin wani fim ɗin snuff don musanya kuɗi ga danginsa. An fara shi a bikin Fim na Cannes na 1997 don sake dubawa mara kyau.  ''Bambance-bambancen'' da ake kira shi &quot;mai turgitsi da rashin imani neo-western&quot;,  da Time Out sun rubuta cewa &quot;ban da rashin fahimta, shugabanci yana da lahani guda biyu: yana da jinkirin jinkiri kuma mai ban tsoro kamar yadda kyamarar ke mai da hankali akai-akai akan bandana'd Depp. kai da tsage jiki&quot;.  Saboda sake dubawa, Depp bai saki ''The Brave'' a cikin Amurka ba  

Depp ya kasance fan kuma abokin marubuci Hunter S. Thompson, kuma ya buga alter ego Raoul Duke a cikin ''Tsoro da Ƙauna a Las Vegas'' (1998), fassarar fim na Terry Gilliam na Thompson's pseudo-biographical novel mai suna iri ɗaya . {{Efn|Depp accompanied Thompson as his road manager on one of the author's last book tours.&lt;ref name=&quot;contactmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web |work=ContactMusic |title=Depp was ray for thompson book tour |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/news.nsf/article/depp%20was%20ray%20for%20thompson%20book%20tour_1001455 |access-date=July 3, 2006 |date=July 3, 2006 |archive-date=March 15, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315173941/http://www.contactmusic.com/news.nsf/article/depp%20was%20ray%20for%20thompson%20book%20tour_1001455 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2006, he contributed a foreword to ''Gonzo: Photographs by Hunter S. Thompson'', a posthumous collection of photographs of and by Thompson, and in 2008 narrated the documentary film ''[[Gonzo: The Life and Work of Dr. Hunter S. Thompson]]''. Following Thompson's suicide in 2005, Depp paid for most of his memorial event in his hometown of [[Aspen, Colorado]]. Following Thompson's wishes, fireworks were set off and his ashes were shot from a cannon.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC News&quot;&gt;{{cite news |publisher=BBC News Entertainment |title=Thompson's ashes fired into sky |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4168266.stm |access-date=June 22, 2007 |date=August 21, 2005 |archive-date=October 10, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010020116/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4168266.stm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}} gazawar ofishin akwatin ne  da masu sukar lamura.  Daga baya a waccan shekarar, Depp ya yi ɗan taƙaitaccen bayani a Mika Kaurismäki 's ''LA Ba tare da Taswira ba'' (nhgb).

Depp ya kuma fito a cikin fina-finai uku a 1999. Na farko shi ne sci-fi mai ban sha'awa ''Matar Astronaut'', tare da Charlize Theron tare da haɗin gwiwa, wanda ba wani nasara ba ne na kasuwanci ko mahimmanci. Na biyu, ''Ƙofar Tara'' ta Roman Polanski, ta buga Depp a matsayin mai siyar da tsofaffin littattafai wanda ya shiga cikin wani asiri. Ya kasance mai matsakaicin nasara tare da masu sauraro amma ya sami fa'idodi masu gauraya. Na uku shine karbuwar Burton na ''The Legend of Sleepy Hollow'', inda Depp ya buga Ichabod Crane gaban Christina Ricci da Christopher Walken . Domin aikinsa, Depp ya dauki wahayi daga Angela Lansbury, Roddy McDowall da Basil Rathbone, yana mai cewa &quot;koyaushe yana tunanin Ichabod a matsayin mutum mai laushi, mai rauni wanda watakila ya ɗan yi hulɗa da gefen mata, kamar yarinya mai firgita&quot; . {{Sfn|Burton|Salisbury|2006}}  ''Sleepy Hollow'' nasara ce ta kasuwanci da mahimmanci.

Fim ɗin farko na Depp na sabuwar shekara shine wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya-Faransa ''Mutumin da ya yi kuka'' (2000), wanda Sally Potter ya jagoranta kuma ya nuna shi a matsayin ɗan doki na [[Mutanen Romani|Roma]] a gaban Christina Ricci, Cate Blanchett, da John Turturro . Ba nasara mai mahimmanci ba ce. Depp kuma yana da rawar goyan bayan Julian Schnabel wanda aka fi sani da ''kafin faɗuwar dare'' (2000). Fim dinsa na karshe na shekarar 2000 shine Hallström mai mahimmanci da cin nasara ''Chocolat ,'' wanda ya buga wani dan Roma da kuma ƙaunar ƙauna na babban hali, Juliette Binoche . Matsayin Depp na gaba duka sun dogara ne akan mutanen tarihi. A cikin ''Blow'' (2001), ya yi tauraro a matsayin mai safarar hodar Iblis George Jung, wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na Medellín Cartel a cikin 1980s. Fim ɗin bai yi kasa a gwiwa ba a ofishin akwatin  kuma ya sami ra'ayoyi daban-daban.   A cikin karbuwar littafin ban dariya ''Daga Jahannama'' (2001), Depp ya zana sufeto Frederick Abberline, wanda ya binciki kisan gillar Jack the Ripper a cikin 1880s London. Fim ɗin kuma ya sami ra'ayoyi daban-daban  amma ya kasance matsakaicin nasara na kasuwanci. 
[[File:Johnny_Depp_as_Captain_Jack_Sparrow_in_Queensland,_Australia.jpg|thumb| Depp a cikin kaya kamar Kyaftin Jack Sparrow . An hoton shi a nan akan saitin ''Pirates of the Caribbean: Matattu Matattu Ba su Faɗi Tatsuniya'' a cikin 2015.]]

[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]

== Early life ==

An y haifi John Christopher Depp II a ranar 9 ga watan Yuni, shekarata alif 1963, a Owensboro, Kentucky,    auta a cikin yara hudu na mai hidima Betty Sue Depp ( {{née}} Wells; daga baya Palmer)  da injiniyan farar hula John Christopher Depp. {{Sfn|Blitz|Krasniewicz|2007}}  Iyalin Depp suna tafiya akai-akai a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, daga ƙarshe suka zauna a Miramar, Florida, a cikin shekarar 1970. &lt;ref name=&quot;tca&quot;&gt;Stated on ''[[Inside the Actors Studio]]'', 2002&lt;/ref&gt; Iyayensa sun sake aure a cikin shekarata alif  1978 lokacin yana Dan shekarata 15, &lt;ref name=&quot;tca&quot; /&gt;  kuma mahaifiyarsa daga baya ta auri Robert Palmer, wanda Depp ya kira &quot;wahayi&quot;.  

Ya bar makarantar Miramar Yana Dan shekara 16 a shekarata alif 1979 don zama mawaƙin dutse. A cikin shekarar 1980, Depp ya fara wasa a cikin ƙungiyar da ake kira The Kids. A cikin Watan Disamba shekarata alif 1983, Depp ya auri mai yin kayan shafa Lori Anne Allison,  'yar'uwar bassist da mawaƙa. Yaran sun rabu kafin su shiga yarjejeniyar rikodin a shekarata alif 1984, kuma Depp ya fara haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyar Rock City Angels .  Depp da Allison sun sake aure a shekarata alif 1985. &lt;ref name=&quot;peoplebio&quot; /&gt;

A cikin tambayoyin da aka yi a shekarata 2002 da shekarar 2011, Depp ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana da zuriyar 'yan asalin Amirka, yana mai cewa: &quot;Ina tsammanin ina da wasu 'yan asalin Amirkawa a cikin layi. Wani talla mai nuna hoton Depp da ƴan asalin ƙasar Amurka, wanda Dior ya yi don ƙamshi &quot;Sauvage&quot;, an ja shi a cikin Shekarar 2019 bayan an zarge shi da cin zarafin al'adu da [[wariyar launin fata]] .     &lt;ref name=&quot;8Tribes&quot; /&gt;

== Career ==

=== A shekarata alif 1984–zuwa shekarar alif 1989: Matsayi na farko da ''21 Jump Street'' ===

[[File:President Ronald Reagan Greets Johnny Depp While Nancy Reagan Looks on in The Blue Room During The Reception After Tennis Tournament Benefit for The Nancy Reagan Drug Abuse Fund Spo - DPLA - 4377bec3bb07d0244007214d44b6f670.jpg|thumb|Depp yana gaisawa da Shugaba [[Ronald Reagan]] a Fadar [[White House]]&amp;nbsp;fa'ida ga Asusun Ciwon Magunguna na Nancy Reagan acikin shekarata alif 1988]]

Ko da yake Depp yace &quot;ba shi da wani sha'awar zama ɗan wasan kwaikwayo&quot;, ya ci gaba da jefa shi a cikin fina-finai,  yana yin abin da ya dace don biyan wasu takardun kudi waɗanda aikinsa na kiɗa ya bar ba tare da biya ba. {{Sfn|Blitz|Krasniewicz|2007}} Bayan rawar tauraro a cikin ''wasan ban dariya mai zaman kansa'' na shekarar alif 1985, Depp an jefa shi a matsayin jagorar wasan skating ''Thrashin'' na shekarar alif 1986 ta daraktan fim ɗin, amma furodusansa ya yi watsi da shawarar.   Madadin haka, Depp ya fito a cikin ƙaramar rawar tallafi a matsayin mai zaman kansa mai magana da Vietnam a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Yaƙin Vietnam na Oliver Stone na shekarar 1986 ''Platoon'' . Ya zama tsafi matashi a ƙarshen Shekarata alif 1980s, lokacin da ya yi tauraro a matsayin ɗan sanda a ɓoye a cikin wani aiki na makarantar sakandare a cikin jerin talabijin na Fox ''21 Jump Street'', wanda aka fara a cikin shekarata 1987. &lt;ref name=&quot;tca&quot;&gt;Stated on ''[[Inside the Actors Studio]]'', 2002&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== A shekarata alif 1990–zuwa shekarar 2002: Fina-finai masu zaman kansu da haɗin gwiwar farko tare da Tim Burton ===
Fim ɗinsa na farko a cikin Shekarata alif 1990 shine John Waters 's ''Cry-Baby'', wasan ban dariya na kiɗa da aka saita a cikin shekarata alif 1950s. Har ila yau, a cikin shekarata 1990, Depp ya taka rawar gani a fim din Tim Burton na soyayya mai ban sha'awa ''Edward Scissorhands'' gaban Dianne Wiest da Winona Ryder . 

Depp ba shi da fitowar fina-finai a cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, sai dai taƙaitaccen fim a cikin ''Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare'' (a shekarata alif 1991), kashi na shida a cikin ''A Nightmare on Elm Street'' ikon amfani da sunan kamfani. Ya fito a fina-finai uku a shekarar alif 1993. Fim ɗinsa na biyu na shekarar 1993 shine Lasse Hallström 's ''Abin da ke Cin Gilbert Grape'', wasan kwaikwayo game da dangin da ba su da aiki tare da Leonardo DiCaprio da Juliette Lewis . Sakin Depp na shekarata alif 1993 na ƙarshe shine wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na Emir Kusturica ''Arizona Dream'', wanda ya buɗe don sake dubawa mai kyau kuma ya lashe kyautar Azurfa a Bikin Fim na Berlin.

A cikin shekarata alif 1994, Depp ya sake saduwa da Burton, yana taka rawa a cikin ''Ed Wood'', wani fim na tarihin rayuwa game da ɗaya daga cikin manyan daraktocin fina-finai na tarihi. 

A cikin shekarata alif 1997, Depp da Al Pacino sun taka rawa a wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Donnie Brasco'', wanda Mike Newell ya jagoranta. Depp ya buga Joseph D. Pistone, wakilin FBI na ɓoye wanda ya ɗauki sunan Donnie Brasco don kutsawa Mafia a birnin New York. Hakanan a cikin shekarata 1997, Depp ya yi muhawara a matsayin darekta kuma marubucin allo tare da ''The Brave'' .
&lt;references /&gt;

== Other ventures ==

A cikin shekarar 2004, Depp ya kafa kamfanin shirya fina-finai Infinitum Nihil don haɓaka ayyukan da zai yi aiki a matsayin ɗan wasa ko furodusa.  Fim ɗin na farko na kamfanin guda biyu shine ''The Rum Diary'' (a shekarar 2011) da ''Hugo'' (a shekarata 2011). 

Depp ya mallaki gidan rawanin dare The Viper Room a Los Angeles daga shekarata alif 1993 zuwa shekarar  2003,  kuma shi ma wani bangare ne na mashaya gidan cin abinci Man Ray a Paris na ɗan gajeren lokaci.  Depp da Douglas Brinkley sun gyara littafin mawaƙin gargajiya na Woody Guthrie 's ''House of Earth'',  wanda aka buga a cikin shekarata 2013. 

[[File:HollywoodVampsSSe200618-126_(42513694350)_(Cropped).jpg|thumb|Depp yana yin tare da Hollywood Vampires a Wembley Arena a cikin shekarar 2018]]

Ya kuma yi tare da Manson a Revolver Golden Gods Awards a shekarata 2012.  A cikin shekarata alif 1990s, shi ma memba ne na P, ƙungiyar kiɗan da ke nuna mawaƙin Butthole Surfers Gibby Haynes, Red Hot Chili Pepper bassist Flea da Gitatar Jima'i Pistols Steve Jones .

A cikin shekarar 2015, Depp ya kafa babban rukuni na Hollywood Vampires tare da [[Alice Cooper]] da Joe Perry ; Ƙungiyar ta kuma haɗa da Bruce Witkin, abokinsa daga ƙungiyar a shekarar alif 1980s, The Kids. Hollywood Vampires sun fitar da kundi na farko mai taken kansu a cikin watan Satumba shekarata 2015. Ƙungiyar ta fara halarta ta farko a The Roxy a Los Angeles a watan Satumba na shekarar 2015,  kuma tun daga lokacin ya yi balaguron duniya guda biyu a shekarata 2016  da shekarar 2018.   Album ɗin su na biyu na studio, ''Rise'', an sake shi a watan Yuni shekarata 2019 kuma ya ƙunshi galibin kayan asali, gami da waƙoƙin da Depp ya rubuta. 

A cikin shekarar 2020, Depp ya fitar da murfin John Lennon 's &quot; Warewa &quot; tare da mawallafin guitar Jeff Beck, kuma ya bayyana cewa za su sake fitar da ƙarin kiɗa tare a nan gaba.  Tun daga watan Mayu Shekarata 2022, Depp ya shiga Beck onstage don yawan kide-kide a cikin [[Birtaniya|United Kingdom]], inda Beck ya ba da sanarwar cewa sun yi rikodin kundi tare.  An kuma fitar da rikodin haɗin gwiwar su, mai suna ''18'', a ranar 15 ga watan Yuli, shekarata  2022. A cikin watan Mayu shekarata 2023, Depp ya yi a wurin kide-kide na girmamawa na Jeff Beck da aka gudanar a Hall of Royal Albert a London, yana raba matakin tare da Eric Clapton, Rod Stewart, Ronnie Wood da Kirk Hammett da sauransu.  

A cikin watan Yuli shekarata 2022, zane-zanen da Depp ya yi ya sayar a cikin ƙasa da kwana ɗaya tun lokacin da aka fara yin muhawara a cikin gidan kayan fasaha na Castle Fine Art a cikin Lambun Covent na London.

== Reception and public image ==

A cikin shekarata alif dubu daya da dari tara da casa'in (1990s), ana ganin Depp a matsayin sabon nau'in tauraron fim na namiji wanda ya ƙi ka'idodin waccan rawar.   ''Jaridar Sydney Morning Herald'' ta bayyana Depp a cikin shekarata alif dubu daya da dari tara da casa'in (1990s) a matsayin &quot; mugun yaro na Hollywood &quot;;  Sarkar Depp shan taba, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi na nishaɗi da halayen sha an rubuta su gabaɗaya a wannan lokacin.  A cewar dan jaridar ''The Guardian'' Hadley Freeman a cikin shekarar 2020:
[[File:JohnnyDeppJerryBruckheimerTomCruiseHWOFJune2013.jpg|left|thumb|Depp tare da furodusa Jerry Bruckheimer (tsakiyar) da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Tom Cruise (dama) a cikin shekarar 2013]]

Bayan shekaru goma na fitowa musamman a cikin fina-finai masu zaman kansu tare da cin nasarar kasuwanci daban-daban, Depp ya zama ɗayan manyan ofisoshin akwatin a cikin shekarar 2000s tare da matsayinsa na Kyaftin Jack Sparrow a Walt Disney Studios ' ''Pirates of the Caribbean'' franchise.  Fina-finan biyar a cikin jerin sun sami dalar Amurka biliyan 4.5 har zuwa Shekarar 2021. Baya ga ikon mallakar ''Pirates'', Depp ya kuma yi ƙarin fina-finai huɗu tare da Tim Burton waɗanda suka kasance manyan nasarori, tare da ɗaya, ''Alice in Wonderland'' (a shekarar 2010), ya zama babban abin kasuwa city na ayyukan Depp kuma ɗayan fina-finai mafi girma a tarihi (kamar na shekarar 2021). 

A cikin shekarata 2003, a daidai wannan shekarar da aka fito da fim na farko a cikin jerin ''Pirates'', Depp an kira shi &quot;Mutumin Mafi Girma na Duniya&quot; ta ''Mutane'' ; zai sake samun taken a Shekarata 2009. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lennard&quot; /&gt; A cikin shekaru goma zuwa cikin shekarar 2010s, Depp ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan kuma fitattun taurarin fina-finai a duniya   kuma an sanya shi ta hanyar jefa ƙuri'ar jama'a a matsayin &quot;Tauraron Fina-Finan Namiji da Aka Fi So&quot; a Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Jama'a kowace shekara don shekarata 2005 zuwa shekarar 2012. A cikin Shekarar 2012, Depp ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi samun kuɗi a masana'antar fina-finai ta Amurka, yana samun sama da dala miliyan 75 a kowane fim,  kuma har zuwa shekarata 2020, shi ne ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na goma mafi girma a duniya, tare da fina-finansa sun sami sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 3.7 a ofishin akwatin Amurka da sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 10 a duk duniya.  Ko da yake babban abin da aka fi so tare da masu sauraro, ra'ayoyin masu suka kan Depp sun canza a cikin Shekarar 2000s, sun zama mafi mummunan yayin da aka gan shi ya dace da ainihin Hollywood. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lennard&quot; /&gt; Ko da kuwa, Depp ya ci gaba da yin watsi da ƙarin ayyukan jagoranci na gargajiya har zuwa ƙarshen shekarar 2000s, lokacin da ya yi tauraro a matsayin John Dillinger a cikin ''Maƙiyan Jama'a'' (a shekarar 2009). &lt;ref name=&quot;Lennard&quot; /&gt;

A cikin shekarata 2010s, fina-finan Depp ba su yi nasara ba, tare da manyan fina-finai na studio na kasafin kudi irin su ''Dark Shadows'' (a shekarar 2012), ''The Lone Ranger'' (a shekarar 2013), da ''Alice Ta Gidan Gilashin'' (a shekarar 2016) waɗanda ba su yi nasara ba a ofishin akwatin.

== Reception and public image ==

A cikin shekarata alif dubu daya da dari tara da casa'in (1990s), ana ganin Depp a matsayin sabon nau'in tauraron fim na namiji wanda ya ƙi ka'idodin waccan rawar.   ''Jaridar Sydney Morning Herald'' ta bayyana Depp a cikin shekarata alif dubu daya da dari tara da casa'in (1990s) a matsayin &quot; mugun yaro na Hollywood &quot;;  Sarkar Depp shan taba, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi na nishaɗi da halayen sha an rubuta su gabaɗaya a wannan lokacin.  A cewar dan jaridar ''The Guardian'' Hadley Freeman a cikin shekarar 2020:
[[File:JohnnyDeppJerryBruckheimerTomCruiseHWOFJune2013.jpg|left|thumb|Depp tare da furodusa Jerry Bruckheimer (tsakiyar) da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Tom Cruise (dama) a cikin shekarar 2013]]

Bayan shekaru goma na fitowa musamman a cikin fina-finai masu zaman kansu tare da cin nasarar kasuwanci daban-daban, Depp ya zama ɗayan manyan ofisoshin akwatin a cikin shekarar 2000s tare da matsayinsa na Kyaftin Jack Sparrow a Walt Disney Studios ' ''Pirates of the Caribbean'' franchise.  Fina-finan biyar a cikin jerin sun sami dalar Amurka biliyan 4.5 har zuwa Shekarar 2021. Baya ga ikon mallakar ''Pirates'', Depp ya kuma yi ƙarin fina-finai huɗu tare da Tim Burton waɗanda suka kasance manyan nasarori, tare da ɗaya, ''Alice in Wonderland'' (a shekarar 2010), ya zama babban abin kasuwa city na ayyukan Depp kuma ɗayan fina-finai mafi girma a tarihi (kamar na shekarar 2021). 

A cikin shekarata 2003, a daidai wannan shekarar da aka fito da fim na farko a cikin jerin ''Pirates'', Depp an kira shi &quot;Mutumin Mafi Girma na Duniya&quot; ta ''Mutane'' ; zai sake samun taken a Shekarata 2009. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lennard&quot; /&gt; A cikin shekaru goma zuwa cikin shekarar 2010s, Depp ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan kuma fitattun taurarin fina-finai a duniya   kuma an sanya shi ta hanyar jefa ƙuri'ar jama'a a matsayin &quot;Tauraron Fina-Finan Namiji da Aka Fi So&quot; a Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Jama'a kowace shekara don shekarata 2005 zuwa shekarar 2012. A cikin Shekarar 2012, Depp ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi samun kuɗi a masana'antar fina-finai ta Amurka, yana samun sama da dala miliyan 75 a kowane fim,  kuma har zuwa shekarata 2020, shi ne ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na goma mafi girma a duniya, tare da fina-finansa sun sami sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 3.7 a ofishin akwatin Amurka da sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 10 a duk duniya.  Ko da yake babban abin da aka fi so tare da masu sauraro, ra'ayoyin masu suka kan Depp sun canza a cikin Shekarar 2000s, sun zama mafi mummunan yayin da aka gan shi ya dace da ainihin Hollywood. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lennard&quot; /&gt; Ko da kuwa, Depp ya ci gaba da yin watsi da ƙarin ayyukan jagoranci na gargajiya har zuwa ƙarshen shekarar 2000s, lokacin da ya yi tauraro a matsayin John Dillinger a cikin ''Maƙiyan Jama'a'' (a shekarar 2009). &lt;ref name=&quot;Lennard&quot; /&gt;

A cikin shekarata 2010s, fina-finan Depp ba su yi nasara ba, tare da manyan fina-finai na studio na kasafin kudi irin su ''Dark Shadows'' (a shekarar 2012), ''The Lone Ranger'' (a shekarar 2013), da ''Alice Ta Gidan Gilashin'' (a shekarar 2016) waɗanda ba su yi nasara ba a ofishin akwatin.
&lt;references group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot; /&gt;

== Personal life ==

Depp ya fara Saiyan fam miliyan 13 a Somerset a cikin shekarar 2014,  kuma a halin yanzu yana zaune a [[Landan]] . 

Depp da mai yin kayan shafa Lori Anne Allison sun yi aure daga shekarata alif1983 har zuwa shekarar alif1985.  A ƙarshen Shekarata alif 1980s, ya kasance tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo Jennifer Gray da Sherilyn Fenn .  A cikin shekarar alif  1990, ya ba da shawara ga {{nowrap|co-star}} ''Edward Scissorhands'' Winona Ryder, wanda ya fara saduwa da ita a shekarar da ta gabata lokacin tana 17 kuma yana 26.   Sun kawo karshen dangantakarsu a shekarar alif 1993; &lt;ref name=&quot;IndependentWR&quot; /&gt; Daga baya Depp ya sanya tattoo &quot;Winona Har abada&quot; a hannun damansa ya canza zuwa &quot;Wino Har abada&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Freeman2&quot; /&gt;Tsakanin shekarata alif 1994 da shekarar alif 1998, yana cikin dangantaka da samfurin Ingilishi [[Kate Moss]] .  Bayan kuma rabuwar shi daga Moss, Depp ya fara dangantaka da 'yar wasan kwaikwayo na Faransa kuma mawaƙa Vanessa Paradis, wanda ya sadu da shi yayin yin fim ''na Ƙofar Tara'' a Faransa a shekarar alif 1998. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, 'yar Lily-Rose Melody Depp (an haifi shi a shekarata alif 1999) da ɗa, Jack (an haifi shi a shekarata 2002).</text>
      <sha1>j91nawjy92302f30mnoae3xiky1gppu</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Abdulkarim Rahman Hamzah</title>
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      <text bytes="5864" sha1="7b4hiral1kpspnsgv4o7ehxyfmoq7id" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
[[File:Abdul Karim Rahman Hamzah 2020.jpg|thumb|Abdulkarim Rahman Hamzah]]
Dato Sri [[Aikin Hajji|Haji]] '''Abdul Karim Rahman Hamzah''' (Jawi: عبد الكريم الرحمن حمزة; an haife shi a ranar 15 gagashi 1960),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|accessdate=23 February 2019|year=2008|url=http://dunsarawak.blogspot.com/2009/03/kawasan-pilihanraya-n_8814.html|publisher=[[Sarawak State Legislative Assembly]]|title=DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SARAWAK}}&lt;/ref&gt; ɗan siyasan Malaysia ne wanda ke zaune a jihar Sarawak daga jam'iyyar Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (PBB), babbar jam'iyya ce ta ƙungiyar Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS) mai mulki ta jihar. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Yawon Bude Ido, Fasaha, Al'adu, Matasa da Wasanni na Sarawak tun watan Mayu 2017. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Matasa da Wasanni na Sarawak daga Janairun 2017 zuwa Mayu 2017 da Mataimakin Ministar [[Gidaje]] da Ci gaban Matasa na Sarawak Daga Satumba 2011 zuwa Janairu 2017. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Sarawak (MLA) na Asajaya tun watan Satumbar shekara ta 2001.

== Ayyukan siyasa ==
An fara nada Abdul Karim a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Gidaje da Ci gaban Matasa bayan ya samu nasarar kare kujerarsa kuma ya zama MLA na wa'adi uku a shekarar 2011.

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2017, Babban Minista na shida na Sarawak Abang Abdul Rahman Zohari Abang Openg ya kara Abdul Karim matsayi na cikakken minista don ya jagoranci Ma'aikatar Yawon Bude Ido, Fasaha, Al'adu, Matasa da Wasanni.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|accessdate=23 February 2019|url=https://www.thesundaily.my/archive/awang-tengah-appointed-new-deputy-cm-swak-cabinet-reshuffle-ITARCH443863|date=7 May 2017|title=Awang Tengah appointed new Deputy CM in S'wak cabinet reshuffle|agency=[[Bernama]]|work=[[The Sun (Malaysia)|The Sun]]}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon zaben ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%&quot;
|+'''Sarawak State Legislative Assembly'''
!Year
!Constituency
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Candidate
!Votes
!Pct
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Opponent(s)
!Votes
!Pct
!Ballots cast
!Majority
!Turnout
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2001
| rowspan=&quot;9&quot; |'''Asajaya'''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; {{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{nowrap|'''Abdul Karim Rahman Hamzah'''}} ('''[[Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu|PBB]]''')
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |'''5,068'''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |'''70.60%'''
| {{Party shading/Independent}} |
|Abang Abu Bakar Abang Mustapha (IND)
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |1,403
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |19.55%
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |7,268
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |3,655
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |78.05%
|-
| {{Party shading/Keadilan}} |
|Abdullah Daraup (PKR)
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |707
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |9.85%
|-
|2006
| {{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|{{nowrap|'''Abdul Karim Rahman Hamzah'''}} ('''[[Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu|PBB]]''')
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |'''6,949'''
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |'''78.65%'''
| {{Party shading/Keadilan}} |
|Mosidi Sait (PKR)
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |1,886
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |19.55%
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |9,011
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |5,063
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |74.99%
|-
|2011
| {{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|{{nowrap|'''Abdul Karim Rahman Hamzah'''}} ('''[[Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu|PBB]]''')
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |'''7,597'''
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |'''70.97%'''
| {{Party shading/Keadilan}} |
|Arip Ameran (PKR)
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |3,108
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |29.03%
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |10,881
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |4,489
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |78.85%
|-
|2016
| {{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|{{nowrap|'''Abdul Karim Rahman Hamzah'''}} ('''[[Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu|PBB]]''')
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |'''6,163'''
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |'''74.72%'''
| {{Party shading/Keadilan}} |
|Abang Junaidi Abang Gom (PKR)
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |2,085
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |25.28%
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |8,371
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |4,078
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |76.63%
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2021
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; {{Party shading/Gabungan Parti Sarawak}} |
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |'''{{nowrap|Abdul Karim Rahman Hamzah}} (PBB)'''
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |'''6,380'''
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |'''70.04%'''
| {{Party shading/Keadilan}} |
|Mahmud Epah (PKR)
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |721
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |7.92%
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |9,109
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |4,531
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |73.83%
|-
| bgcolor=&quot;{{United Sarawak Party/meta/shading}}&quot; |
|Ishak Buji (PSB)
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |1,849
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |20.30%
|-
| bgcolor=&quot;{{Parti Bumi Kenyalang/meta/shading}}&quot; |
|Mohamad Mahdeen Saharuddin (PBK)
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |159
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |1.75%
|}

== Daraja ==

* {{Flag|Sarawak}} :
** [[File:MY-SAR_Order_of_the_Star_of_the_Hornbill_(Bintang_Kenyalang)_-_3._Commander_(PGBK).svg|50x50px]] Commander of the Order of the Star of Hornbill Sarawak (PGBK) – '''Datuk''' (2013)
** Kwamandan Knight na Mafi Girma na Tauraron Sarawak (PNBS) - '''Dato Sri''' (2021)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/ahmad-urai-abdul-karim-dan-pandelela-antara-penerima-darjah-kebesaran-tyt-sarawak-324354|title=Ahmad Urai, Abdul Karim dan Pandelela antara penerima darjah kebesaran TYT Sarawak|date=2021-10-09|access-date=2021-10-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[File:MY-SAR_Order_of_the_Star_of_Sarawak_-_2_ribbon_PNBS_-JBS-PBS-ABS-BBS.svg|50x50px]]

== Duba kuma ==

* Asajaya (mazabar jihar)

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Haihuwan 1960]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>7b4hiral1kpspnsgv4o7ehxyfmoq7id</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Adasa Cookey</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54110</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838628</id>
      <parentid>788553</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T03:42:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>13371</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>838628</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10418" sha1="nxb3sjwvy0tvolpo3jwlfrjdiybk26u" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist|Name=Adasa Cookey|image=AdasaCookey.jpg|Background=non_performing_personnel|Birth_name=Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam|birth_date={{birth date and age|1981|10|21|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Port Harcourt]], [[Rivers State]], [[Nigeria]]|Occupations=[[Cinematographer]], editor, colourist, [[music video director]], [[commercial director]], [[filmmaker]]|Years_active=2010–present|website=www.adasacookey.com|module={{Infobox person
| embed     = yes
| education = [[Rivers State University of Science and Technology]] 
}}}}

'''Adasa Cookey''' (an haife shi a matsayin '''Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam''' ) ɗalibi ne a [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]], darektan bidiyon kiɗa, mai shirya fina-finai, darektan kasuwanci, mai tsara launuka, kuma mai shirya fina-finai . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2019 |title=Movie director Adasa Cookey saves the job of a teller who paid him N4.3m instead of N432k |url=https://www.legit.ng/1235496-movie-director-adasa-cookey-saves-job-a-teller-paid-n43m-n432k.html |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yana aiki da kuma ba da umarni ga Squareball Media Productions Limited inda shi ne kuma Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na kamfanin, wanda kuma kamfani ne na rikodin da ke ɗauke da [[1da Banton]] da Eli Jae. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga Oktoban shekarar 1981, a [[Port Harcourt]], [[Jihar Rivers]], [[Najeriya]] . Ya kuma yi ƙuruciyarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya yi makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a [[Jami'ar Jihar Ribas|Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers]] kuma ya sami digirin farko a fannin gine-gine. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Adasa ya bar aikinsa na wakilin kula da abokan ciniki a shekarar 2010 don ya canza sha'awarsa ta gyaran bidiyo kai tsaye. Ya jagoranci bidiyon kiɗan mawakan kiɗa kamar [[Davido]], [[Burna Boy]], [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], [[Adekunle Gold]], [[D'Prince]], da [[Don Jazzy]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2019 |title=Movie director Adasa Cookey saves the job of a teller who paid him N4.3m instead of N432k |url=https://www.legit.ng/1235496-movie-director-adasa-cookey-saves-job-a-teller-paid-n43m-n432k.html |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zaɓaɓɓen bidiyon bidiyo ==

* [[Burna Boy]] – Like To Biki (2013) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* D'Prince – Jakar Goody (2013)
* Ketchup - Nuna Ni Yuh Rozay (2013)
* [[Mavin Records|Mavins]] All Stars - Adaobi (2014) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* DJ Xclusive ft [[Davido]] – Wo Le (2015)
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Sade (2015) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2019 |title=Movie director Adasa Cookey saves the job of a teller who paid him N4.3m instead of N432k |url=https://www.legit.ng/1235496-movie-director-adasa-cookey-saves-job-a-teller-paid-n43m-n432k.html |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Ready (2016)
* Ric Hassani - Kai Kawai (2017)
* [[Orezi]] - Girbin Gindi (2017) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Idahams - Toast (2017)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Selense (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Ayo (2019)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Duduke (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking – Jericho (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bebe Cool ft Rudeboy - Feeling (2020)
* Runtown ft. Bella Shmurda, Darkovibes - Jiki Riddim (Video) (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2019 |title=Movie director Adasa Cookey saves the job of a teller who paid him N4.3m instead of N432k |url=https://www.legit.ng/1235496-movie-director-adasa-cookey-saves-job-a-teller-paid-n43m-n432k.html |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft. [[Adekunle Gold]] – By You (2019)
* Praiz – Madu (2020)
* [[Niniola]] - Mai jaraba (2020)
* Wande Coal ft. Wale – Again (Remix) (2020)
* Wande Coal – Again (2020)
* Idahams - Dala biliyan (2019)
* Idahams -Ada (2020)
* Idahams - Shiga Idona (2020)
* Stonebwoy da [[Zlatan]] - Critical (2021) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Stonebwoy’s new video for ‘Critical’ featuring Nigerian artist Zlatan – GRUNGECAKE |url=https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850 |access-date=2025-12-28 |archive-date=2024-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127115353/https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
! Aiki
! Bikin
! Nau'i
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|Nishaɗin Jama'a na Birni]]
| ''Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;| {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity
| ''Bidiyon Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;| {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;Kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | KYAUTUTTUKAN GALAXY
| ''Daraktan Bidiyo na Shekara''| {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2019
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2019 |title=Movie director Adasa Cookey saves the job of a teller who paid him N4.3m instead of N432k |url=https://www.legit.ng/1235496-movie-director-adasa-cookey-saves-job-a-teller-paid-n43m-n432k.html |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;| {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2017
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Orezi, &quot;Tukunyar Girki&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau Na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;| {{Won}} 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Adekunle Gold]], &quot;Ka ɗauki Kiran&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Fim'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;| {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Edita'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey: 10-Year Journey Of A Self-Taught Music Video Director |url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/adasa-cookey-10-year-journey-of-a-self-taught-music-video-director/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;| {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 1, 2019 |title=Nigerian music videos best in Africa –Adasa Cookey |url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-music-videos-best-in-africa-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;| {{Nom}}
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* {{Official website|adasacookey.com}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>nxb3sjwvy0tvolpo3jwlfrjdiybk26u</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Agunrege</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54291</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838661</id>
      <parentid>823489</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T06:20:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>13371</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>838661</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="729" sha1="9yzso244cfr1ndbkrqbchwncjbgvnrn" xml:space="preserve">'''Agunrege''' wani kauyene a karamar hukumar Atisbo dake jihar Oyo a najeriya'''&lt;ref&gt;https://mapcarta.com/17049120&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.gomapper.com/travel/where-is/agunrege-located.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323093439/https://www.gomapper.com/travel/where-is/agunrege-located.html |date=2024-03-23 }}https://my.maptons.com/2907212&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://nga.postcodebase.com/node/48780&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://nigeria.places-in-the-world.com/2351721-place-agunrege.html{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/oyo-atisbo-ago-are-owo-agunrege.html&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://ng.geoview.info/agunrege,501491965n&lt;/ref&gt;'''

{{Stub}}

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>9yzso244cfr1ndbkrqbchwncjbgvnrn</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Zulai Bebeji</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>55110</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838400</id>
      <parentid>417858</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T14:15:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>13371</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>838400</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1786" sha1="iojvf8gezw4d1rvr9ij8ngolkbarwst" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}

'''Zulai Bebeji''' jaruma ce a masana'antar fim ta Hausa wato [[Kannywood]] ta jima a masana'antar an damawa da ita. Tana Bada gudummawa tana taka rawa a matsayin uwa a masana'antar ta kara yin suna ne data fito a fim Mai dogon zango Mai suna &quot;KISHIYA TACE&quot; Wanda suke da jarumi [[Lawan Ahmad]] , [[Maryam Malika]], [[Samha M Inuwa]].&lt;ref&gt;https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=q6jUwsT-yxo&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taƙaitaccen Tarihin Ta ==
Cikakken sunan ta shine Zulaihat Abdullahi Aliyu Bebeji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.asuadailypost.com.ng/2023/02/takaitaccen-tarihin-hajiya-zulai-bebeji.html?m=1 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-07-31 |archive-date=2023-07-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731201538/https://www.asuadailypost.com.ng/2023/02/takaitaccen-tarihin-hajiya-zulai-bebeji.html?m=1 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; An haife ta a Karamar hukumar [[Bebeji]] dake [[Jihar Kano]]. Ta girma a Gawuna Karamar hukumar [[Nasarawa (Kano)|Nasarawa]] a hannun yayar mahaifiyar ta Mai suna hajiya lariya da mijin ta mlm ladan, Ta fara karatun Boko Dana islama ne a gawuna daga baya tai aure bayan tayi aure ta cigaba da karatu . Daga Nan ta fito a masana'antar fim inda tayi shekaru da yawa a&lt;ref&gt;https://www.blueprint.ng/i-dont-have-any-mentor-in-kannywood-zulai-bebeji/&lt;/ref&gt; masana'antar . Iyayenta sun rasu gaba daya. Da tayi aure ta haifi Yara shida daga baya biyu suka rasu yanzun tana da Yara hudu Kenan da jikoki da dama&lt;ref&gt;https://fimmagazine.com/sukar-da-aka-ri%C6%99a-yi-wa-yan-zaman-shahada-ce-aka-kwaso-aka-ya%C9%93a-wa-yan-kannywood-zulai-bebeji/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Hausawa]]
[[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo]]
[[Category:Mata yan wasan kwaikwayo]]
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Mutane daga jihar kano]]
[[Category:Mata]]</text>
      <sha1>iojvf8gezw4d1rvr9ij8ngolkbarwst</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bowen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>55638</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838447</id>
      <parentid>786326</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:29:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pretty Fulani</username>
        <id>44366</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Gyara</comment>
      <origin>838447</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4320" sha1="dqvdx8m270lzxkiqrbtzds79cc9k11f" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
[[File:Parking sign, Woolworths, Bowen 101 0164.jpg|thumb|Gurin ajeye mutuci a garin Bowen]]
[[Fayil:Murals, Herbert St Bowen 101 0135.jpg|thumb|hoton wani Zane a garin bowen]]
[[Fayil:Bowen crater AS15-P-0169.jpg|thumb|hotpn yanayin garin bowen]]
[[Fayil:Kings Beach and Cape Edgecumbe from Flagstaff Hill, Bowen IMGP0320.jpg|thumb|Hoton baking ruwa na garin boyen]]
[[Fayil:Parking sign, Woolworths, Bowen 101 0164.jpg|thumb|hoton wurin aje a in hawa a bowen]]
[[Fayil:Overpass at Bowen Place, Canberra ACT.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a bowen]]
[[Fayil:Bowen Park Bowen Bridge Rd Bowen Hills P1050344.jpg|thumb|Hoton wani layi a bowen]]
[[Fayil:Clouds, Bowen Park, Bowen Hills DSCF9327.jpg|thumb|hoton wajen shakatawa a bowen]]
[[Fayil:Bowen Air Lines Logo.jpg|thumb|tambarin kambanin Bowen na jirgi]]
[[Fayil:Bowen Park Bowen Hills P1110638.jpg|thumb|hoton kofar shiga wurin shakatawa na bowen]]
[[Fayil:Bowen Park Bowen Hills P1110621.jpg|thumb|hoton cikin Bowen park]]
[[Fayil:School at Bowen Queensland ca. 1918.tiff|thumb|hoton makarantar bowen]]
[[Fayil:Grey's Bay, Bowen, 2020.jpg|thumb|hoton wurin shakatawa a bowen]]
[[Fayil:Bowen Park Bowen Hills P1110625.jpg|thumb|hoton wurin walwala]]
'''Bowen''' wanda aka sani da Bowensburg ada wani qaramin qauyene a babbar jihar [[Illinois]] dake qasar amurka. Yawan mutanan kauyen ya kai 494 a ƙidayar da akai a Shekhar 2010.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowen,_Illinois&lt;/ref&gt;

== Labarin kasa ==
Bowen yana kudu maso gabashin gundumar Hancock 40°13′55″N 91°3′46″W (40.232035, -91.062694)  Hanyar Illinois Hanyar 61 ta bi ta tsakiyar gari, tana shiga daga gabas akan titin 5th kuma ta tashi zuwa kudu akan titin Worrell.  Hanyar Illinois Hanyar 94 yana shiga daga arewa akan titin Worrell kuma ya tashi zuwa kudu tare da IL 61. Zuwa arewa, IL 94 yana kaiwa mil 16 (kilomita 26) zuwa Carthage, watau County seat kenan.  IL 61 yana kaiwa gabas mil 6 (kilomita 10) zuwa Agusta, kuma manyan hanyoyin biyu suna jagorantar kudu mil shida kafin su rabu.&lt;ref&gt;http://factfinder2.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US1707510&lt;/ref&gt;

Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a ta 2010, Bowen yana da jimillar fili mai faɗin murabba'in mil 0.43 (1.11 km2), duk ƙasa.

== Alƙaluma ==

Ya zuwa ƙidayar na shekarar 2000, akwai mutane 535, gidaje 205, da iyalai 143 da ke zaune a ƙauyen.  Yawan jama'a ya kasance mazauna 1,241.6 a kowace murabba'in mil (479.4/km2).  Aƙwai rukunin gidaje 230 a matsakaicin yawa na 533.8 a kowace murabba'in mil (206.1/km2).  Tsarin launin fata na ƙauyen ya kasance 99.81% Fara da kuma 0.19% 'Yan asalin ƙasar Amurka.  Hispanic ko Latino na kowace kabila sune kashi 0.19% na yawan jama'a.https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau

Akwai gidaje a shekarar 205, daga cikinsu kashi 35.1% na da yara ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 da ke zaune tare da su, kashi 55.6% ma’aurata ne ke zaune tare, kashi 11.2% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 30.2% kuma ba dangi ba ne.  Kashi 24.4% na dukkan gidaje sun kasance mutane ne, kuma 14.1% suna da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka.  Matsakaicin girman gidan ya kasance 2.61 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 3.12.&lt;ref&gt;https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_17.txt&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin ƙauyen, yawan jama'a ya bazu, tare da 30.5% 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18, 5.6% daga 18 zuwa 24, 30.1% daga 25 zuwa 44, 17.2% daga 45 zuwa 64, da 16.6% waɗanda ke da shekaru 65 ko kuma  mazan.  Matsakaicin shekarun ya kasance shekaru 33.  Ga kowane mata 100, akwai maza 91.1.  Ga kowane mata 100 masu shekaru 18 zuwa sama, akwai maza 88.8.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html&lt;/ref&gt;

Matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na gida a cikin ƙauyen shine $29,091, kuma matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na dangi shine $36,429.  Maza suna da matsakaicin kudin shiga na $30,764 sabanin $22,000 na mata.  Kudin shiga na kowane mutum na ƙauyen shine $13,241.  Kimanin kashi 13.0% na iyalai da kashi 16.3% na yawan jama'a sun kasance ƙasa da layin talauci, gami da kashi 25.9% na waɗanda suke ƙasa da shekara 18 da 7.1% na waɗanda shekarunsu suka kai 65 ko sama da haka.&lt;ref&gt;https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/2398155&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Kogin Ngerdorch</title>
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'''Kogin Ngerdorch''' kogi ne a [[Palau]] wanda yake gudu daga [[Tafkin Turkana|tafkin]] Ngardok zuwa teku ta jihohin Melekeok da Ngchesar. Kogin Ngerdorch yana aiki a matsayin hanyar da ke haɗa kada da teku.{{stub}}

==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Koguna]]</text>
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    <title>Abdul Malik Baloki</title>
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      <text bytes="4595" sha1="rod8hy18fplo59ns9v4sae52br5kogg" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}[[File:Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah Konstituante Masyumi.jpg|thumbnail|Abdul Malik Baloch]]
'''Abdul Malik Baloch'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://nspp.gov.pk/abdul-malik-baloch/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2025-06-21 |archive-date=2025-06-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250621164346/https://nspp.gov.pk/abdul-malik-baloch/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ( {{Lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|عبدالمالک بلوچ}}}}  - {{Transl|ur|''ʿAbdu l-Mālik Balōč''}} ) ɗan siyasa ne kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Ministan [[Balochistan]] na 21, [[Pakistan]] daga ranar 7 ga watan Yunin 2013 zuwa 23 ga watan Disambar 2015.&lt;ref name=a/&gt;&lt;ref name=b&gt;{{cite news|publisher=Samaa|title=Baloch vacates CM office as Murree agreement takes effect|url=http://www.samaa.tv/pakistan/2015/12/baloch-vacates-cm-office-for-pml-ns-zehri/|date=12 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; An haife shi a gundumar Turbat, Makran kuma ɗan ƙabilar Hooth ne.&lt;ref name=a&gt;{{cite news|title=Dr Abdul Malik Baloch resigns as CM Balochistan|url=http://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/pakistan/dr-abdul-malik-baloch-resigns-as-cm-balochistan/|work=Daily Pakistan Global|accessdate=23 December 2015|date=23 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shi ne shugaban jam'iyyar National Party .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Party President|url=http://www.nationalparty.org.pk/?id=12|work=President|publisher=National Party|accessdate=6 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113232037/http://nationalparty.org.pk/?id=12|archive-date=13 January 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Shi ne shugaba na farko da ba na ƙabilanci ba da ya zama Babban Ministan Balochistan. Sanaullah Zehri shugaban ƙabilar Zehri ne ya gaji Malik bayan murabus ɗin Malik bisa yarjejeniyar raba madafun iko ta Murree.&lt;ref name=b/&gt; 

Baloch yayi kamfen don kawar da cin hanci da rashawa daga lardin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://dawn.com/news/1050506/jammers-for-balochistan-jails-do-not-work|title=Jammers for Balochistan jails do not work|author=Saleem Shahid|work=dawn.com|date=20 October 2013 |accessdate=11 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/10/27/news/national/balochistan-health-minister-directs-tracing-out-ghost-employees/|title=Balochistan health minister directs tracing out ghost employees|work=pakistantoday.com.pk|accessdate=11 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yana da kyakkyawar dangantaka da gwamnatin tarayya kuma ya ɗauki kamfanoni da yawa daga tarayya zuwa gwamnatin Baloch, yana fatan ƙara kuɗaɗen shiga na larduna.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/623093/saindak-copper-gold-project-govt-moves-to-transfer-ownership-to-balochistan/|title=Saindak Copper-Gold Project: Govt moves to transfer ownership to Balochistan|date=27 October 2013|work=The Express Tribune|accessdate=11 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Abdul malik baloch.jpeg|thumb|Abdul Malik Baloki]]
Baloch ya kuma amince da tattaunawar zaman lafiya da mayakan a lardinsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=20 October 2013|title=CM Balochistan urges religious, Baloch forces to come to table|url=http://www.geo.tv/article-123148-CM-Balochistan-urges-religious-Baloch-forces-to-come-to-table|publisher=Geo TV}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Matakan tashe-tashen hankula da kashe-kashen mutane sun ragu idan aka kwatanta da gwamnatocin baya yayin da gina wutar lantarki da hanyoyi suka inganta ababen more rayuwa na Balochistan. Wannan ya zo ne yayin da Balochistan ta fitar da mafi yawan ci gabanta, na farko a tarihin Pakistan. &lt;ref&gt;http://tribune.com.pk/story/710642/dr-malik-urges-insurgents-to-revisit-their-approach/ [Read beyond the title for impact on economy]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
Ya yi karatunsa na farko a wata makaranta da ke Turbat, sannan ya yi matsakaicin karatunsa a Kwalejin Ata Shad Degree, ita ma a Turbat. Ya ci gaba da karatun digirinsa na MBBS a Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Lund. Ya ƙware a fannin ilimin ido.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==
Baloch ya fara aikinsa na siyasa ne a karkashin dandalin Baloch Student Organization (BSO). Daga baya a cikin shekarar 1988, tare da haɗin gwiwar manyan 'yan siyasa ya kafa jam'iyyar siyasa ta kasa, Balochistan National Movement. Ya tsaya takara a wannan shekarar. Ya lashe kujerar majalisar dokokin kasar Balochistan kuma ya zama ministan lafiya na lardin a majalisar ministocin Nawab Akbar Khan Bugti. Ya kuma zama ministan ilimi na lardi a shekarar 1993.

A cikin shekarar 2004, mabiyan [[Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo|Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo]] sun haɗu da BNM kuma suka zama Jam'iyyar National Party . An zaɓe shi a majalisar dattawa a shekarar 2006.
== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Haihuwan 1958]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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    <title>Abdenour Boushaki</title>
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[[Fayil:عبد النور البوسحاقي الجزائري.jpg|thumb|Abdenour Boushaki]]
'''Abdenour Boushaki''' (larabci: [عبد النور بوسحاقي]), (an haife shi 27 ga watan Nuwamban shekara ta alif 1972, a Thénia, Lardin Boumerdès, Kabylie, Algeria) malamin jami'a ne, ɗan siyasan Islama kuma mai fafutukar al'adu daga [[Aljeriya]].&lt;ref&gt;https://dz.linkedin.com/in/abdenour-boushaki-03057193{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://copainsdavant.linternaute.com/p/abdenour-boushaki-18841275&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.facebook.com/AbdenourBoushaki1/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://twitter.com/aboushaki&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pinterest.com/abdenour_boushaki/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iyali ==
An haifi Boushaki a cikin 1972 a matsayin babban memba na dangin Morabite Argelina wanda ke zaune a cikin gundumar Thenia, zuwa gabashin lardin Argel.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.rodovid.org/wk/Person:1508304&lt;/ref&gt;

Yana daga cikin zuriyar 18th na zuriyar al'adun musulmi na Maliki Sidi Boushaki (1394-1453) waɗanda suka zo ƙauyukan Soumâa, Meraldene, Tabrahimt da yankin da ke kusa da birnin Thénia.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Boushaki-1&lt;/ref&gt;

Mahaifinta Boualem Boushaki kuma mahaifiyarta Melha Belhocine, rukunin iyalai na morabita da Chorfas da ke zaune a yankin Cablia.&lt;ref&gt;https://everybodywiki.com/Abdenour_Boushaki&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/elwatan/1586092 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-10-21 |archive-date=2023-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022110444/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/elwatan/1586092 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ilimi ==
Boushaki ya samu karatun share fage ne daga wajen iyayensa, inda mahaifinsa Boualem Boushaki (1931-2003) ya cusa masa ilimin harsunan larabci da kur'ani mai tsarki, da kuma ilimin lissafi.&lt;ref&gt;https://plus.wikimonde.com/wiki/Enseignement_%C3%A0_Th%C3%A9nia&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/street/17710197/&lt;/ref&gt;

Kasancewar danginsa masu ilimi, da ’yan’uwansa maza da mata, sun ba shi damar koyon dabarun farko na ilimin gaba da sakandare a cikin yanayi mai daɗi na iyali mai wadatar ɗabi’a da ruhaniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/50061 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-10-22 |archive-date=2023-10-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012083059/https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/50061 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/street/17710196/&lt;/ref&gt;

Don haka tun yana karami ya kasance mai hazakar polyglot kuma mai iya furta yare na Aljeriya, Larabci na adabin Al-Qur'ani, Faransanci mai tsauri da ɗan Turancin fasaha da kiɗa, kuma hakan ya faru ne saboda tasirin kawun mahaifinsa Bouzid Boushaki (1935) -2023), wanda ya kasance babban mai karanta litattafai da adabin duniya.&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/street/17710206/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/street/17710202/&lt;/ref&gt;

Shigarsa a watan Satumba na 1978 zuwa makarantar firamare ta jima'i ga maza a Thénia wani muhimmin canji ne a rayuwarsa domin yana da 'yan mitoci kaɗan daga gidan danginsa, kuma wannan kusanci ya ba shi tabbacin kwanciyar hankali na ilimi wanda ke guje wa jinkirta safiya rashin hunturu.&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/31088700/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://wikimapia.org/street/17710222/&lt;/ref&gt;

Don haka Abdenour Boushaki ya ci gaba da karatunsa na farko na tsawon shekaru shida a jere, inda a kodayaushe ya kasance na farko a ajinsa, sai dai a lokuta biyu da ya kamu da rashin lafiya da kamuwa da cutar kyanda, sannan kuma abokin aikinsa Djamel Boucheneb ya zarce shi a matakin rarrabuwa.&lt;ref&gt;https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Bouzid_Boushaki&lt;/ref&gt;

Boushaki ya shiga cikin hazaka da nasara a jarrabawar makarantar firamare ta shekara ta shida, wacce aka yi a watan Yuni 1984 a makarantar maza ta Thénia, daidai da samar da lardin Boumerdès a lokacin rabon mulki da yankuna na watan Fabrairu 1984 da kuma mika mulki na gundumar Thénia na lardin Algiers zuwa sabuwar mazabar Boumerdès.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.djs35.dz/wilaya%20de%20boumerdes.html&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://radioalgerie.dz/news/fr/article/20150727/47679.html&lt;/ref&gt;

Wannan matashin dalibi ya sami maki 214 akan jimlar maki 220, ko kuma matsakaicin 19.45 / 20.00, akan wannan jarabawar makaranta da ake sha'awar, don haka ya sanya shi na farko a zamaninsa a duk makarantar Algiers Academy na Ilimi.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.aps.dz/algerie/144832-education-un-examen-de-mise-a-niveau-a-la-fin-du-cycle-primaire&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sufismo ==
Boushaki hizo kamfen na sabunta ruhi a Argelia ta hanyar gwagwarmayar watsa labarai tare da kawo karshen gyara zauía a Argelia na Sufismo a alamar hermandad Rahmaniyyah.&lt;ref&gt;https://twitter.com/AbdenourBousha1&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/infosoir/30949 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-10-21 |archive-date=2023-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022110444/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/infosoir/30949 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A yi amfani da kafofin watsa labarai daban-daban da ka'idojin zamantakewa don yada kyakkyawar fahimta da aiki da sufanci na daidaiku da na jama'a, ta hanyar zikiri da addu'a tare da daidaiton halayen da ake bukata a cikin yanayin zamantakewa.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.aps.dz/culture/154867-l-influence-spirituelle-et-culturelle-du-soufisme-algerien-en-afrique-mise-en-avant&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.djazairess.com/fr/infosoir/26325&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki ==
A halin yanzu Boushaki ya shiga aikin sake gina kogin [[Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki]] da ke wajen birnin Thenia, bayan da aka lalata shi a shekarar 1957 a lokacin yakin ‘yancin kai na Argelia.&lt;ref&gt;https://plus.wikimonde.com/wiki/Zaou%C3%AFa_de_Sidi_Boushaki&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://everybodywiki.com/Zaou%C3%AFa_de_Sidi_Boushaki&lt;/ref&gt;

An rubuta Este Proyecto a cikin Las Del Ministerio DE ASUNTOS Religiosos Y Dotaciones Para Revitalizar El Retorno a Lo Básico Mediante La Rehabilitación de las Zauías Destruidas por Franceses antes de la independencia a cikin 1962, así como la reapetura de otraa de otraa. shekaru goma na ta'addancin Salafawa.&lt;ref&gt;https://handwiki.org/wiki/Religion:Zawiyet_Sidi_Boushaki&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/48531 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-10-21 |archive-date=2023-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828093316/https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/48531 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Casi all the zaouias suffices de la tariqa rahamniyyah han reabierto sus puertas a la enseñanza en la lardin de Bumerdés, en este caso Zauía de Sidi Amar Cherif y Zauía de Sidi Boumerdassi, y queda que las tres zaouias esíelas de Sidi Boumerdassi , Zauía de Sidi Salem da Zauía de Sidi Ghobrini cewa fatan zama reabiertas al público sufí da autético tan vinculado y anchored a cikin argina Islamic reference.&lt;ref&gt;https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34431{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Nikos Dendias &amp; Noureddine Erray 6.jpg|thumb|Abdenour Boushaki]]
Motar bas din manyan filayen kasar Thenia na ci gaba kuma Abdenour Boushaki yana fuskantar matsin lamba daga jami'ai da wakilai don samun fili mai girman hekta biyar wanda zai iya gina gine-gine da gine-ginen wannan makarantar Islamiyya ta kakanni da aka gina a 1442 ta el Sidi Boushaki's teólogo después de regreso de son viaje iniciático al Machrek.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.depechedekabylie.com/national/175021-proteger-imperativement-notre-referent-religieux/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.lequotidien-oran.com/index.php?news=5213392&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==
* [[Sidi Boushaki]]
* [[Brahim Boushaki]]
* [[Malikiyya]]
* [[Sufiyya]]
* [[Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki]]
* [[Zawiyet Sidi  Boumerdassi]] 
* [[Zawiyet Sidi Amar Cherif]]

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== Hanyoyin waje ==
{{Commons|Category:Abdenour Boushaki|Abdenour Boushaki}}
* Blogger: [https://www.blogger.com/profile/13100546842055658963 13100546842055658963]
* Dailymotion: [https://www.dailymotion.com/Abdenour_Boushaki Abdenour Boushaki]
* Facebook ID 1: [https://www.facebook.com/AbdenourBoushaki1 AbdenourBoushaki1]
* Facebook ID 2: [https://www.facebook.com/Abdenour.Boushaki Abdenour.Boushaki]
* Familysearch: [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL83-NZD GL83-NZD]
* Flickr: [https://www.flickr.com/people/199380548%40N03 199380548%40N03]
* Geni: [https://www.geni.com/profile/index/6000000185569791173 6000000185569791173]
* Google Knowledge: [https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/g/11r74sgygx /g/11r74sgygx]
* GND: [https://d-nb.info/gnd/1315509555 1315509555]
* Google News: [https://news.google.com/topics/CAAqKAgKIiJDQkFTRXdvTkwyY3ZNVEZ5TnpSelozbG5lQklDWm5Jb0FBUAE CAAqKAgKIiJDQkFTRXdvTkwyY3ZNVEZ5TnpSelozbG5lQklDWm5Jb0FBUAE]
* Google Scholar: [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xVVqQ3MAAAAJ xVVqQ3MAAAAJ]
* Instagram: [https://www.instagram.com/boushaki1972/ boushaki1972]
* LinkedIn: [https://www.linkedin.com/in/abdenour-boushaki-03057193/ abdenour-boushaki-03057193]
* OpenLibrary: [https://openlibrary.org/works/OL13245249A OL13245249A]
* Orcid: [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7062-1206 0000-0001-7062-1206]
* Pinterest: [https://www.pinterest.com/Abdenour_Boushaki/ Abdenour Boushaki]
* Quora: [https://www.quora.com/topic/Abdenour-Boushaki Abdenour Boushaki]
* Reddit: [https://www.reddit.com/user/boushaki boushaki]
* Rodovid: [https://en.rodovid.org/wk/Person:1508304 1508304]
* Story Graph: [https://app.thestorygraph.com/authors/f8c764ac-2fff-4db7-a080-ad02cb80e183 f8c764ac-2fff-4db7-a080-ad02cb80e183]{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* Tiktok: [https://www.tiktok.com/@boushaki1972 @boushaki1972]
* Twitter: [https://twitter.com/AbdenourBousha1 AbdenourBousha1]
* Wikitree: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Boushaki-1 Boushaki-1]
* Youtube: [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC8sL3wi25DFGwLrkvayQ1Gw Abdenour Boushaki]
* [http://www.thenia.net/ Yanar Gizo &quot;www.thenia.net&quot; game da Thénia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418232811/http://thenia.net/ |date=2021-04-18 }}
* [http://menerville.free.fr/ Yanar Gizo na farko &quot;http://menerville.free.fr&quot; game da &quot;Ménerville da Thénia&quot; kafin 1962]
* [http://menerville2.free.fr/ Yanar Gizo na Biyu &quot;http://menerville2.free.fr&quot; game da &quot;Ménerville da Thénia&quot; kafin 1962]

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Boushaki, Mohamed Seghir}}

[[Category:Haifaffun 1972]]
[[Category:Mutanen Aljeriya]]
[[Category:Iyalin Boushaki]]
[[Category:Musulmai]]
[[Category:Rahmaniyya]]
[[Category:Sufiyya]]
[[Category:'Yan siyasa]]
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    <title>Abdussalam Akhundzadeh</title>
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'''Abdussalam Akhundzadeh''' ( Azerbaijani, Persian) Malamin addini ne dan kasar Azabaijan, malamin addinin Islama kuma [[Shaykh al-Islām|Sheikh ul-Islam]] na Caucasus na biyar.

== Rayuwar farko ==
[[Fayil:Muslim sheikh, Tbilisi (de Baye).JPG|thumb|Abdussalam Akhundzadeh]]
An haife shi a [[Salyan]] a ranar 13 ga watan Janairu 1843 ga limamin yankin Akund Vali Muhammad da matarsa Khanum Aliverdi gizi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Rahnulla|first=Sevinj|url=http://www.aak.gov.az/upload/dissertasion/f_ls_f_/Avtoreferat_AZ.pdf|title=Şeyxülislam Abdussalam Axundzadənin dini-etik görüşləri (Dissertasiya)|year=2021|location=[[Baku]]|trans-title=Sheikh ul-Islam Abdussalam Akhundzadeh's religious-ethic views (Dissertation)}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya koyi [[Larabci]], [[Farisawa|Farisa]] da [[Turkanci|Turkawa]] a farkon rayuwarsa daga mahaifinsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Axundzadə Əbdüssəlam Axund Vəliməmməd oğlu|url=http://calilbook.musigi-dunya.az/a/axundzade_abdussalam.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-14|website=calilbook.musigi-dunya.az|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614193209/http://calilbook.musigi-dunya.az/a/axundzade_abdussalam.html |archive-date=2021-06-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya koma Tbilisi a 1864 kuma ya zauna a titin Gorgasali na yanzu, Old Tbilisi. A ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 1879, an ba shi damar yin aiki a matsayin malami a sashen Tatar, inda ya doke Seyid Azim Shirvani a gasar,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Nəsrəddinov|first=Nazim|date=26 December 2013|title=Naxçıvan &quot;Əshabi - Kəhf&quot;i - Olaylar|url=http://www.anl.az/down/meqale/olaylar/2013/dekabr/343981.htm|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-14|website=www.anl.az|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140804110644/http://anl.az/down/meqale/olaylar/2013/dekabr/343981.htm |archive-date=2014-08-04 }}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya zuwa ranar 28 ga Yuli, 1880, a hukumance an nada shi malami a makarantar Gori Teachers Seminary. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; A halin yanzu, ya sadu da Ali-Agha Shikhlinski, Mirza Fatali Akhundov da sauran masu fasaha na Azeri wadanda ke aiki kuma suna zaune a Tbilisi.

== As Sheikhul Islam ==
An nada shi a matsayin [[Shaykh al-Islām|Sheikh ul-Islam]] a ranar 21 ga watan Yuni 1893 bayan rasuwar Mirza Hasan Tahirzadeh kuma ya rike mukamin har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 1907. A cikin 1895, an zabe shi a matsayin shugaban [[Spiritual Council of Caucasus|Majalisar Ruhaniya na Caucasus]] . Ya kasance a wurin bikin nadin sarauta na Nicholas II na Rasha a ranar 26 ga Mayu shekara  ta 1896.

Ya kasance mai aiki a lokacin kisan kiyashin Armeno-Tatar, ya inganta zaman lafiya tsakanin al'ummomi sosai. Ya ziyarci Nakhchivan a ranar 15 ga Mayu 1905. Tare da qadis na [[Yerevan]], Sharur da Nakhchivan, archimandrite na Yerevan Karapet da Jafargulu khan, ya ziyarci kauyukan [[Garakhanbeyli]], Tumbul, Goshadize da Shikhmakhmud. Musulman kauyukan Garajig da Bulgan sun taru ne a kauyen Garakhanbeyli da ke da al'ummar Armeniya, inda Armeniyawa da musulmi suka sha alwashin ba za su yi gaba da juna ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Mustafa|first=Nazim|title=Massacres in Nakhchivan and Sharur-Daralayaz|url=https://genocide.preslib.az/ru_a1-5.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-14|website=genocide.preslib.az|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150809050431/http://genocide.preslib.az:80/ru_a1-5.html |archive-date=2015-08-09 }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ya buga wata sanarwa tare da Katolika na Armenia Mkrtich Khrimian game da kisan kiyashi a watan Yuni 1905.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Խմբագրական|date=1993-03-31|title=Խրիմյան Հայրիկի և Բաքվի Շեյխ ուլ Իսլամի համատեղ կոչը հայ և ադրբեջանցի ժողովուրդներին 1905 թվականին|trans-title=Joint appeal of Khrimyan Hayrik and Sheikh ul Islam of Baku to the Armenian-Azerbaijani peoples in 1905|url=http://echmiadzin.asj-oa.am/7285/|journal=Էջմիածին. Պաշտօնական ամսագիր Հայրապետական Աթոռոյ Ս. Էջմիածնի|volume=Ծ|issue=Ա–Գ|pages=41|access-date=2023-10-21|archive-date=2021-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614193228/http://echmiadzin.asj-oa.am/7285/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ya samu labarin mutuwar 'yarsa Zabita wanda ya haifar da tashin hankali saboda ya ga kisan kiyashi a lokacin da ya ziyarci Ganja. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Рахнулла|first1=С. В.|last2=Rahnulla|first2=S. V.|date=2017|title=Пятый шейх-уль-ислам духовного управления мусульман Кавказа|url=http://dspace.onua.edu.ua/handle/11300/11466|journal=Актуальні проблеми філософії та соціології|language=ru}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya mutu ba da daɗewa ba a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba shekara  ta 1907, yana fama da baƙin ciki sakamakon mutuwar 'yarsa. An binne shi a Pantheon na fitattun Azerbaijan, Tbilisi. An maye gurbinsa da Abbasquli Sultan-Huseynbeov na wucin gadi&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Zaytsev|first=Ilya|title=Документы эпохи Шамиля из Государственного архива Российской Федерации // Ломоносовские чтения. Востоковедение. Тезисы докладов научной конференции . М.,2015.|url=https://www.academia.edu/16726217|journal=|language=en|pages=222}}&lt;/ref&gt; sannan Mahammad Hasan Movlazadeh Shakavi ya gaje shi.

== Iyali ==
Ya yi aure akalla sau uku:

# Ummu Salama - 'yar gida mai daraja Abdul Ali bey Muradkhanov
## Abdullatif bey
## Abdurrashid bey (b. 10 Afrilu 1880) - Gwamnan Baku
## Asaf bey
## Valida Khanum (20 Disamba 1884)
## Zabita khanum (1887-1905)
## Hidayat bey (20 Disamba 1893)
# Gulara khanum - diyar malamin gida Haji Alakbar
## Asiya khanum (25 Satumba 1901)
# Sona khanum - 'yar gida mai daraja Javad bek

Baya ga danginsa, ya kasance kakan mahaifiyar Anvar Gasimzade (wanda mahaifinsa Ali Gasimov ya kasance 'yar'uwar Akhundzadeh), da Fidan Gasimova da Khuraman Gasimova .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Musayeva|first=Yasaman|date=27 December 2019|title=Əfsanə qadın|url=http://www.anl.az/down/meqale/azerbaycan/2019/dekabr/692717.htm|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-14|website=www.anl.az|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614193206/http://www.anl.az/down/meqale/azerbaycan/2019/dekabr/692717.htm |archive-date=2021-06-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==

=== A cikin harshen Rashanci ===

# ''Учебник по исламу'' - ''Littafin Karatun Musulunci''
# ''Лекарство от невежества (объяснение и заявление метода лечения) - Maganin Jahilci (Bayyanawa da Bayyana Hanyar Jiyya)''
# ''Наставление и назидание - Umarni da Gyarawa''

=== A cikin harshen Azerbaijan ===

# Umdətul Əhkam (&quot;Babban hukunci&quot;, 1882, [[Tabriz]] ),
# Zubdətul Əhkam (&quot;Selected Verdict&quot;, 1903)
# Tarixi Müqəddəs Ənbiya (&quot;History of Holy Prophets&quot;, 1892)
# Tarixi Müqəddəs Xatəmül Ənbiya və Xilafət (&quot; History of the Holy Prophets and the Khalifate&quot;),
# Xətti Təliq da Nəstəliq (&quot;Rubutun Hannu Taliq da Nastaliq &quot;)

=== A cikin harshen Farisa ===

# ''Miftahil Lisani Farsi ('' Persian  &lt;/link&gt; '') - Mabuɗin harshen Farisa (1891)''
# ''Qawaid Mukhtasare Farsi'' - ''Takaitaccen Dokokin Harshen Farisa''
# ''Mutalie-i'' ''Kitab-i-Íqán (''Persian'') - Yadda ake karanta Kitab-i-Íqán (1896, Tbilisi )''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=http://www.orientalstudies.ru/rus/images/stories/library_islam_alphabetic.pdf|title=Islamic manuscript catalogue|publisher=Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences|location=[[Saint Petersburg]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
# ''Mudafia bar megalei khasm (''Persian'') - Kare labarin abokin hamayya (1897, Tbilisi)''&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hashemian|first=Hadi|title=«مدافعه بر مقاله خصم» از عبدالسلام آخوندزاده، شیخ الاسلام قفقاز|trans-title=&quot;Defending against the Enemy&quot; article by Abdul Salam Akhundzadeh, Shaykh al-Islam of the Caucasus|url=https://www.magiran.com/paper/928480|journal=Payām-i Bahāristān|language=Persian|volume=3|issue=12|pages=386|issn=1735-9929}}&lt;/ref&gt;  
# ''Nasihati waiz'' ( Persian ) - ''Nasihar Mai Wa'azi (1903)''

== Manazarta ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Iyalai ==

Yayi aure aƙalla sau uku: 

# Ummu Salama - 'yar mai daraja wanda yake a yankin Abdul Ali bey Muradkhanov
## Abdullatif bey
## Abdurrashid bey (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Afrilu shekarata alif 1880) - Gwamna ne a Baku
## Asaf bey
## Valida khanum (20 Disamba 1884) 
## Zabita khanum (1887-1905) 
##
# Gulara khanum - 'yar malamin yankin Haji Alakbar ne
## Asiya khanum (25 Satumba 1901) 
# Sona khanum - 'yar mai daraja ne wanda yake yankin Javad bek

Bayan ga danginsa na kusa, ya kasance kakan mahaifiyar Anvar Gasimzade (wanda mahaifinsa Ali Gasimov dan uwan Akhundzadeh ne), da kuma Fidan Gasimova da kuma Khuraman Gasimova . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Musayeva |first=Yasaman |date=27 December 2019 |title=Əfsanə qadın |url=http://www.anl.az/down/meqale/azerbaycan/2019/dekabr/692717.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614193206/http://www.anl.az/down/meqale/azerbaycan/2019/dekabr/692717.htm |archive-date=2021-06-14 |access-date=2021-06-14 |website=www.anl.az}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <title>Where Is Kyra?</title>
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      <comment>An kirkira ta fassara &quot;Production&quot; daga shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340506118|Where Is Kyra?]]&quot;</comment>
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'''''Where Is Kyra??''''' (wanda aka saki a Burtaniya azaman '''''yaudara''''' ) wani fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka da akayi a shekarar 2017 wanda [[Andrew Dosunmu]] ya ba da umarni kuma Darci Picoult tare da Dosunmu Picoult suka, tsara labarin. Fim din akwai taurari da suka haɗa da; [[Michelle Pfeiffer]] da [[Kiefer Sutherland]].

Fim ɗin an fara haska shi a duniya a bikin Fim na Sundance a ranar 23 ga Janairu, 2017. An saki fim ɗin da aka  takaita iya waɗanda zasu kalla a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 2018, ta dandalin Great Point Media da Paladin.

== Yan wasan shirin ==
* [[Michelle Pfeiffer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Oct2015THR&quot; /&gt; a matsayin Kyra Johnson
* [[Kiefer Sutherland]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Oct2015THR&quot; /&gt; a matsayin Doug
* [[Suzanne Shepherd]] a matsayin Ruth Johnson
* [[Sam Robards]] a matsayin Carl
* [[Rutanya Alda]] a matsayin Ms. Pavlovsky

== Shiryawa ==
[[Killer Films]]` [[Christine Vachon]] ce ta shirya fim ɗin tare da David Hinojosa da Rhea Scott, yayin da Great Point Media suka ɗauki nauyin fim ɗin.&lt;ref name=Oct2015THR&gt;{{cite news|last1=Siegel|first1=Tatiana|title=Michelle Pfeiffer, Kiefer Sutherland to Star in 'Beat-Up Little Seagull' for Killer Films (Exclusive)|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/michelle-pfeiffer-kiefer-sutherland-star-834533|accessdate=January 10, 2016|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]]|date=October 27, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Asalin sunan ''Beat-Up Little Seagull'', daga baya aka sake masa suna ''Where Is Kyra?''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.screendaily.com/news/afm-great-point-launches-ambitious-slate/5110882.article|title=AFM: Great Point launches ambitious slate|website=Screen Daily|publisher=[[Screen International]]|first=Andreas|last=Wiseman|date=November 2, 2016|accessdate=November 20, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Aikin ɗaukar shirin fim ɗin ya fara ne a ranar Nuwamba 2, 2015 a [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Oct2015THR&quot; /&gt; kuma aka ƙare a ranar 2 ga Janairu, 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=On the Set for 1/8/16: Robert Pattinson Starts on the Feature, ‘Good Time’ While Michael Fassbender &amp; Marion Cotillard Wrap ‘Assassin’s Creed’|url=http://www.ssninsider.com/on-the-set-for-1816-robert-pattinson-starts-on-the-feature-good-time-while-michael-fassbender-marion-cotillard-wrap-assassins-creed/|accessdate=January 10, 2016|work=SSN Insider|date=January 8, 2016|author=SSN Insider Staff|publisher=TSS News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Production ==
Asalin sunan ''Beat-Up Little Seagull ne'', daga baya aka sake masa suna ''Where Is Kyra?.''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Wiseman |first=Andreas |date=November 2, 2016 |title=AFM: Great Point launches ambitious slate |url=http://www.screendaily.com/news/afm-great-point-launches-ambitious-slate/5110882.article |access-date=November 20, 2016 |website=Screen Daily |publisher=[[Screen International]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Wiseman |first=Andreas |date=November 2, 2016 |title=AFM: Great Point launches ambitious slate |url=http://www.screendaily.com/news/afm-great-point-launches-ambitious-slate/5110882.article |accessdate=November 20, 2016 |website=Screen Daily |publisher=[[Screen International]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Saki ==
An fara haska fim ɗin a bikin Fim na Sundance na 2017 a ranar 23 ga Janairu, 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Patten|first1=Dominic|url=https://deadline.com/2016/12/sundance-2017-premieres-midnight-special-events-robert-redford-rashida-jones-1201864406/|title=Sundance 2017: Robert Redford, New Rashida Jones Netflix Series, ‘Rebel In The Rye’ &amp; More On Premiere, Docu, Midnight &amp; Kids Slates|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|publisher=[[Penske Business Media]]|date=December 5, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sundance.org/pdf/film-guide/SFF17_FilmGrid_Web_Dec12.pdf|title=2017 Sundance Film Festival Printable Film Guide|work=[[Sundance Film Festival]]|publisher=[[The Sundance Institute]]|accessdate=April 4, 2018|archive-date=December 20, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220174324/http://www.sundance.org/pdf/film-guide/SFF17_FilmGrid_Web_Dec12.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin Janairu 2018, an sanar da Great Point Media kuma Paladin zai rarraba fim ɗin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/festivals/sundance-great-point-media-us-theatrical-distribution-arm-1202662410/|title=Sundance: Great Point Media Launching U.S. Theatrical Distribution Arm|website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|first=Dave|last=McNary|date=January 12, 2018|accessdate=July 25, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; An saki fim ɗin a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/2018/02/where-is-kyra-trailer-michelle-pfeiffer-sundance-1201929970/|title=
‘Where Is Kyra?’ Trailer: Michelle Pfeiffer Gets Lost and Finds Her Comeback — Watch|website=[[IndieWire]]|first=Michael|last=Nordine|date=February 17, 2018|accessdate=July 25, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
''Inda aka saki shirin fim din'' a Burtaniya a cikin watan Maris 2019.

== Liyafa ==
Game da bitar Rotten Tomatoes, fim ɗin yana da ƙimar amincewa na kashi 81% bisa bita 53 da matsakaicin ƙimar 6.4/10. Mahimman ra'ayi na gidan yanar gizon yana karanta, &quot; W''here is Kyra?'' ya dogara ne akan kyakkyawan aikin Michelle Pfeiffer.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/where_is_kyra |title=Where is Kyra? (2018) |work=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |publisher=[[Fandango Media]] |accessdate=July 8, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kan Metacritic, fim ɗin yana da matsakaicin maki kashi 72 cikin 100, bisa la'akari da masu suka 20.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/where-is-kyra |title=Where is Kyra? Reviews |work=[[Metacritic]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |accessdate=July 8, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zabi Michelle Pfeiffer don lambar yabo ta Gotham na 2018 don Mafi kyawun Jaruma saboda rawar da ta yi.

==Manazarta==
{{Reflist|2}}

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje==
* {{IMDb title|5198670}}
[[Category:Fim]]</text>
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      <comment>An kirkira ta fassara &quot;Production&quot; daga shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340506118|Where Is Kyra?]]&quot;</comment>
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'''''Where Is Kyra??''''' (wanda aka saki a Burtaniya azaman '''''yaudara''''' ) wani fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka da akayi a shekarar 2017 wanda [[Andrew Dosunmu]] ya ba da umarni kuma Darci Picoult tare da Dosunmu Picoult suka, tsara labarin. Fim din akwai taurari da suka haɗa da; [[Michelle Pfeiffer]] da [[Kiefer Sutherland]].

Fim ɗin an fara haska shi a duniya a bikin Fim na Sundance a ranar 23 ga Janairu, 2017. An saki fim ɗin da aka  takaita iya waɗanda zasu kalla a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 2018, ta dandalin Great Point Media da Paladin.

== Yan wasan shirin ==
* [[Michelle Pfeiffer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Oct2015THR&quot; /&gt; a matsayin Kyra Johnson
* [[Kiefer Sutherland]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Oct2015THR&quot; /&gt; a matsayin Doug
* [[Suzanne Shepherd]] a matsayin Ruth Johnson
* [[Sam Robards]] a matsayin Carl
* [[Rutanya Alda]] a matsayin Ms. Pavlovsky

== Shiryawa ==
[[Killer Films]]` [[Christine Vachon]] ce ta shirya fim ɗin tare da David Hinojosa da Rhea Scott, yayin da Great Point Media suka ɗauki nauyin fim ɗin.&lt;ref name=Oct2015THR&gt;{{cite news|last1=Siegel|first1=Tatiana|title=Michelle Pfeiffer, Kiefer Sutherland to Star in 'Beat-Up Little Seagull' for Killer Films (Exclusive)|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/michelle-pfeiffer-kiefer-sutherland-star-834533|accessdate=January 10, 2016|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]]|date=October 27, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Asalin sunan ''Beat-Up Little Seagull'', daga baya aka sake masa suna ''Where Is Kyra?''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.screendaily.com/news/afm-great-point-launches-ambitious-slate/5110882.article|title=AFM: Great Point launches ambitious slate|website=Screen Daily|publisher=[[Screen International]]|first=Andreas|last=Wiseman|date=November 2, 2016|accessdate=November 20, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Aikin ɗaukar shirin fim ɗin ya fara ne a ranar Nuwamba 2, 2015 a [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Oct2015THR&quot; /&gt; kuma aka ƙare a ranar 2 ga Janairu, 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=On the Set for 1/8/16: Robert Pattinson Starts on the Feature, ‘Good Time’ While Michael Fassbender &amp; Marion Cotillard Wrap ‘Assassin’s Creed’|url=http://www.ssninsider.com/on-the-set-for-1816-robert-pattinson-starts-on-the-feature-good-time-while-michael-fassbender-marion-cotillard-wrap-assassins-creed/|accessdate=January 10, 2016|work=SSN Insider|date=January 8, 2016|author=SSN Insider Staff|publisher=TSS News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Production ==
Asalin sunan ''Beat-Up Little Seagull ne'', daga baya aka sake masa suna ''Where Is Kyra?.''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Wiseman |first=Andreas |date=November 2, 2016 |title=AFM: Great Point launches ambitious slate |url=http://www.screendaily.com/news/afm-great-point-launches-ambitious-slate/5110882.article |access-date=November 20, 2016 |website=Screen Daily |publisher=[[Screen International]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Wiseman |first=Andreas |date=November 2, 2016 |title=AFM: Great Point launches ambitious slate |url=http://www.screendaily.com/news/afm-great-point-launches-ambitious-slate/5110882.article |accessdate=November 20, 2016 |website=Screen Daily |publisher=[[Screen International]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Production ==
Asalin sunan ''Beat-Up Little Seagull ne'', daga baya aka sake masa suna ''Where Is Kyra?'' .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Wiseman |first=Andreas |date=November 2, 2016 |title=AFM: Great Point launches ambitious slate |url=http://www.screendaily.com/news/afm-great-point-launches-ambitious-slate/5110882.article |accessdate=November 20, 2016 |website=Screen Daily |publisher=[[Screen International]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Saki ==
An fara haska fim ɗin a bikin Fim na Sundance na 2017 a ranar 23 ga Janairu, 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Patten|first1=Dominic|url=https://deadline.com/2016/12/sundance-2017-premieres-midnight-special-events-robert-redford-rashida-jones-1201864406/|title=Sundance 2017: Robert Redford, New Rashida Jones Netflix Series, ‘Rebel In The Rye’ &amp; More On Premiere, Docu, Midnight &amp; Kids Slates|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|publisher=[[Penske Business Media]]|date=December 5, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sundance.org/pdf/film-guide/SFF17_FilmGrid_Web_Dec12.pdf|title=2017 Sundance Film Festival Printable Film Guide|work=[[Sundance Film Festival]]|publisher=[[The Sundance Institute]]|accessdate=April 4, 2018|archive-date=December 20, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220174324/http://www.sundance.org/pdf/film-guide/SFF17_FilmGrid_Web_Dec12.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin Janairu 2018, an sanar da Great Point Media kuma Paladin zai rarraba fim ɗin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/festivals/sundance-great-point-media-us-theatrical-distribution-arm-1202662410/|title=Sundance: Great Point Media Launching U.S. Theatrical Distribution Arm|website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|first=Dave|last=McNary|date=January 12, 2018|accessdate=July 25, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; An saki fim ɗin a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/2018/02/where-is-kyra-trailer-michelle-pfeiffer-sundance-1201929970/|title=
‘Where Is Kyra?’ Trailer: Michelle Pfeiffer Gets Lost and Finds Her Comeback — Watch|website=[[IndieWire]]|first=Michael|last=Nordine|date=February 17, 2018|accessdate=July 25, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
''Inda aka saki shirin fim din'' a Burtaniya a cikin watan Maris 2019.

== Liyafa ==
Game da bitar Rotten Tomatoes, fim ɗin yana da ƙimar amincewa na kashi 81% bisa bita 53 da matsakaicin ƙimar 6.4/10. Mahimman ra'ayi na gidan yanar gizon yana karanta, &quot; W''here is Kyra?'' ya dogara ne akan kyakkyawan aikin Michelle Pfeiffer.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/where_is_kyra |title=Where is Kyra? (2018) |work=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |publisher=[[Fandango Media]] |accessdate=July 8, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kan Metacritic, fim ɗin yana da matsakaicin maki kashi 72 cikin 100, bisa la'akari da masu suka 20.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/where-is-kyra |title=Where is Kyra? Reviews |work=[[Metacritic]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |accessdate=July 8, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zabi Michelle Pfeiffer don lambar yabo ta Gotham na 2018 don Mafi kyawun Jaruma saboda rawar da ta yi.

==Manazarta==
{{Reflist|2}}

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje==
* {{IMDb title|5198670}}
[[Category:Fim]]</text>
      <sha1>jdck76ea9f4tm4buj30w3k3oj8owyl3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grant McCann</title>
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    <id>65796</id>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:51:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Zahrah0</username>
        <id>14848</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An kirkira ta fassara &quot;Club career&quot; daga shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352233674|Grant McCann]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="14698" sha1="2au1f9f8ed3ehayb1uxzpgh96rctys0" xml:space="preserve">{{Gyara mukala}}
{{databox}}
'''Grant Samuel McCann''' (An haife shi ranar 14 ga watan Afrilu 1980) ƙwararren [[Manager (kwallon kafa)|manajan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Arewacin Ireland kuma tsohon [[Dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|ɗan wasa]] wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|gasar ƙwallon ƙafa]] . A halin yanzu shi ne manajan [[EFL League Biyu]] kulob [[Doncaster Rovers FC|Doncaster Rovers]].

An haife shi a [[Belfast]], McCann ya taka leda a cikin [[tsarin matasa]] [[Lisburn Distillery FC|na Distillery]] daga 1995 har zuwa lokacin da ya shiga [[Kwalejin Kwallon kafa|Kwalejin Kwallon kafa ta]] [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a 1996, inda ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru. &lt;ref name=&quot;Career History&quot;&gt;&quot;Grant McCann&quot;. ''Barry Hugman's Footballers''. Retrieved 3 April 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Alumni&quot;&gt;&quot;Career History&quot;. UpThePosh!. Retrieved 17 February 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara wasansa na farko a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2001 a wasan da suka doke [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] da ci 2–1.  Har ila yau McCann ya buga wa [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Arewacin Ireland|Ireland ta Arewa]] wasanni 39 bayan ya fara buga wasansa na farko da Malta a shekarar 2001, inda ya buga wasan ƙarshe a wasanni 39 da ya buga a wasan sada zumunta da suka doke [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Netherlands|Netherlands]] da ci 6-0 a watan Yunin 2012.

== Aikin kulob ==
bayan shiga cikin ƙungiyar farko ta West Ham McCann yana da [[Lamuni (kwallon kafa)|lamuni]] a [[Livingston FC|Livingston]] da [[Notts County FC|Notts County]] kafin ya koma [[Cheltenham Town FC|Cheltenham Town]], a cikin wata yarjejeniyar lamuni, a cikin 2000. Duk da cewa ya buga wasa kaɗan na maye gurbin West Ham kuma bai fara wasa ba, ana tunawa da shi don ya ci wani abin takaici da ban mamaki a wasan da suka sha kashi a waje da Blackburn Rovers da ci 1-7 a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 2001. Bayan ya fito daga benci, McCann ya yi yunkurin tsallakewa daga cikin nasa bugun fanareti amma ko ta yaya kwallon ta bi bayansa ta wuce Shaka Hislop a ragar West Ham. Wannan ya zama bayyanar McCann na ƙarshe a West Ham.  &lt;ref&gt;ADD REF&lt;/ref&gt;

== Garin Cheltenham ==
[[Fayil:McCann Dec2007.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
Bayan wani yarjejeniyar aro ya mayar da shi zuwa Cheltenham a cikin 2002, an sanya motsin na dindindin a lokacin [[Canja wurin taga|kasuwar canja wuri]] na Janairu 2003 lokacin da ya tashi daga West Ham akan £ 50,000, rikodin rikodin canja wurin Cheltenham Town. McCann ya ci gaba da buga wasanni 155 na gasar ga kulob din [[Gloucestershire]] . Ya buga wasanni hudu ne kawai a madadin The Hammers. &lt;ref name=&quot;Sbase&quot;&gt;&quot;Grant McCann&quot;. Westhamstats.info. 14 April 1980. Retrieved 30 May 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Barnsley ==
Ya shiga [[Barnsley FC|Barnsley]] akan ranar ƙarshe na lamuni, 23 Nuwamba 2006, a cikin kwangilar da ta ƙare a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2007. A karon farko da ya buga da [[Ipswich Town FC|Ipswich Town]] ya zura kwallo a raga a minti na 92 a wasan farko na [[Simon Davey]] a matsayin koci na riko. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/6160986.stm|title=Barnsley 1–0 Ipswich|publisher=BBC Sport|date=25 November 2006|access-date=30 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyoyin biyu sun amince da farashin £100,000 kuma McCann ya koma Barnsley na dindindin a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2007. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin wannan kuɗi ne na rikodi na ɗan wasa mai fita daga Cheltenham. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/b/barnsley/6684035.stm|title=Tykes sign Cheltenham's Odejayi|publisher=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2007|access-date=30 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Peterborough United ==
A ranar 24 ga Mayu 2010, [[Peterborough United FC|Peterborough United]] ta sanar da cewa sun doke gasar zakarun Turai da dama don tabbatar da ayyukan McCann kan kwantiragin shekaru uku. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Posh pull off major Transfer coup|url=http://www.theposh.com/page/NewsDetail/0,,10427~2057997,00.html|publisher=Peterborough United F.C.|date=24 May 2010|access-date=24 May 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100526021126/http://www.theposh.com/page/NewsDetail/0,,10427~2057997,00.html|archive-date=26 May 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 1 ga Agusta, an nada McCann kyaftin na 2010–11 League One season, yana ɗaukar rawar daga [[George Boyd (mai wasan ƙwallon ƙafa)|George Boyd]] . Ya ci gaba da rike wannan matsayi na kakar 2011-12. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/p/peterborough_united/8877758.stm|title=Football – Grant McCann confirmed as Peterborough United captain|publisher=BBC Sport|date=2 August 2010|access-date=30 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

McCann yana da nasarorin da ba kasafai ake samu ba na samun daukaka ta hanyar buga wasa sau uku - sau daya kowanne da kungiyoyi uku a filayen wasa uku - tare da Cheltenham Town a [[filin wasa na Millennium]], Cardiff, tare da Scunthorpe United a [[filin wasa na Wembley]], London da Peterborough United a [[Old Trafford|Old Trafford.]], Manchester.
[[Fayil:McCann Colum koeln literaturhaus 230107.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
A ranar 30 Afrilu 2012, McCann tare da wasu 'yan wasan Peterborough guda bakwai an sanya su a cikin jerin canja wurin ta hanyar sarrafa [[Darren Ferguson]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;tlist&quot;&gt;http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/6160986.stm&lt;/ref&gt;

== Linfield ==
[[Fayil:Aaron Lines at Maverick Saloon.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
A ranar 14 ga Janairu, 2015, McCann ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa don shiga ƙungiyar [[Premiership NIFL|NIFL Premiership]] [[Linfield FC|Linfield]] akan canja wuri kyauta bayan an dakatar da kwantiraginsa a Peterborough ta hanyar amincewar juna. Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin watanni shida na farko da zai dore har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014–15. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.irishfa.com/news/item/2679/mccann-signs-for-barnsley&lt;/ref&gt; McCann, wanda ya buga kusan wasanni 200 a dukkanin gasa na Posh, ya kasance yana taimakawa wajen horar da matasan kungiyar Peterborough a makonni kafin tafiyar tasa, amma yana sha'awar ci gaba da buga wasa akai-akai. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Tykes sign Cheltenham's Odejayi&quot;. BBC Sport. 31 May 2007. Retrieved 30 May 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; Dan uwansa, Ryan McCann, ya taba taka leda a Linfield tsakanin 2002 da 2005, inda ya lashe kofuna da dama tare da Blues gami da taken gasar a 2004 da [[Setanta Sports Cup|Kofin Setanta]] a 2005.

== Komawa zuwa Peterborough United ==
[[Fayil:Richard McCann 1272027.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
A ranar 26 ga Fabrairu 2015, Linfield ya tabbatar da cewa an dakatar da kwantiragin McCann tare da aiwatar da shi nan take, tare da sauƙaƙe komawar sa Peterborough a matsayin koci har zuwa aƙalla ƙarshen kakar 2014–15. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;McCann completes Scunthorpe move&quot;. BBC Sport. 15 January 2008. Retrieved 30 May 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin gudanarwa ==
A ranar 16 ga Mayu 2016, an nada McCann kocin [[Peterborough United FC|Peterborough United]] akan kwantiragin shekaru hudu. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Peterborough United: Grant McCann appointed manager|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/36301464|publisher=BBC Sport|date=16 May 2016|access-date=3 April 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nada shi Manajan League One na watan na Agusta 2017, bayan da kungiyarsa ta fara tashi a farkon kakar wasa ta bana. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 2018, an kore shi bayan da bai samu nasara ba a wasanni bakwai. &lt;ref name=&quot;PeterboroughOut&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43193015|title=Grant McCann: Peterborough sack manager after no wins in seven matches|publisher=BBC Sport|date=25 February 2018|access-date=27 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kariyan ta na kulub ==

An haife shi a [[Belfast]], McCann ya buga wa Lisburn Youth  kuma a cikin [[Youth system|tsarin matasa]] na Distillery daga 1995 har zuwa sanya hannu ga [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] Academy of Football a 1996, inda ya fara aikin sana'a. &lt;ref name=&quot;Career History&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Career History |url=http://www.uptheposh.com/people/171/career/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227223046/http://www.uptheposh.com/people/171/career/ |archive-date=27 February 2015 |access-date=17 February 2012 |publisher=UpThePosh!}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Alumni&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=West Ham United &amp;#124; Graduates |url=http://www.whufc.com/page/AcademyAlumni |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117231115/http://www.whufc.com/page/AcademyAlumni |archive-date=17 November 2011 |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=West Ham United F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara bugawa a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2001 a wasan da aka yi da [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] 2-1 . &lt;ref name=&quot;debut&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 April 1980 |title=Grant McCann |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&amp;ham=751&amp;united=Grant_McCann |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Westhamstats.info}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Da yake yana da wuya a shiga cikin tawagar farko ta West Ham, McCann yana da rance a Livingston da Notts County kafin ya koma Cheltenham Town, a wani yarjejeniyar rance, a cikin 2000.&lt;ref name=&quot;Barnsley&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Barnsley &amp;#124; GRANT McCANN – CHELTENHAM TOWN PROFILE |url=http://www.barnsleyfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10309~932414,00.html |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Barnsley F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya yi wasanni da yawa na maye gurbin West Ham kuma bai taba fara wasa ba. Ya zira kwallaye a lokacin da aka ci Blackburn Rovers 1-7 a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 2001; bayan ya fito daga benci, ya yi ƙoƙari ya fita daga cikin yankin nasa amma kwallon ta wata hanya ya juya baya a bayansa kuma ya wuce [[Shaka Hislop]] a burin West Ham.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 July 2002 |title=Grant McCann of West Ham United scores an own goal during the FA... |url=https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/grant-mccann-of-west-ham-united-scores-an-own-goal-during-news-photo/969347 |access-date=26 July 2019 |website=Getty Images}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan ya zama bayyanar McCann ta ƙarshe ga West Ham.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Game played on 14 Oct 2001 |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=5&amp;ham=4251&amp;united=14_Oct_2001 |access-date=26 July 2019 |website=www.westhamstats.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Garin Cheltenham ===
Bayan wani yarjejeniyar aro ya dawo da shi zuwa Cheltenham a shekara ta 2002, an sanya shi na dindindin a lokacin canjin canjin Janairu 2003 lokacin da ya tashi daga West Ham don £ 50,000, kuɗin canjin rikodin Cheltenham Town.&lt;ref name=&quot;Barnsley&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Barnsley &amp;#124; GRANT McCANN – CHELTENHAM TOWN PROFILE |url=http://www.barnsleyfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10309~932414,00.html |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Barnsley F.C.}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.barnsleyfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10309~932414,00.html &quot;Barnsley &amp;#x7C; GRANT McCANN – CHELTENHAM TOWN PROFILE&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; McCann ya ci gaba da buga wasanni 155 a kulob din Gloucestershire. Ya yi sauye-sauye hudu kawai ga The Hammers . &lt;ref name=&quot;Sbase&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Grant McCann &amp;#124; Peterborough United |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=17455 |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Soccer Base}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Barnsley ===
Ya shiga [[Barnsley FC|Barnsley]] a ranar rance, 23 ga Nuwamba 2006, a cikin kwangilar da ta ƙare a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2007. A wasan farko da ya yi da Ipswich Town, ya zira kwallaye a minti na 92 a wasan farko na Simon Davey a matsayin mai kula. Kungiyoyin biyu sun amince da biyan £ 100,000 kuma McCann ya koma Barnsley har abada a ranar 2 ga Janairun 2007.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mccann Signs For Barnsley |url=http://www.irishfa.com/news/item/2679/mccann-signs-for-barnsley |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Irishfa.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin wannan kuɗin rikodin ne ga mai kunnawa daga Cheltenham.

=== Scunthorpe ===
A watan Janairun 2008, McCann ya bar Barnsley don sanya hannu ga abokan hamayyar Scunthorpe United don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba.

=== Peterborough United ===
A ranar 24 ga Mayu 2010, Peterborough United ta ba da sanarwar cewa sun doke gasar daga kungiyoyin zakarun Turai don samun ayyukan McCann a kwangilar shekaru uku. A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, an nada McCann a matsayin kyaftin din kakar 2010-11 League One, inda ya taka rawar daga George Boyd. Ya ci gaba da rike wannan mukamin a kakar 2011-12.

An ci gaba da McCann ta hanyar wasa sau uku - sau ɗaya kowannensu tare da kungiyoyi uku a filin wasa uku - tare da Cheltenham Town a Filin wasa na Millennium, Cardiff, tare da Scunthorpe United a [[Filin wasa na Wembley]], London da kuma Peterborough United a Old Trafford, Manchester.

A ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2012, McCann tare da wasu 'yan wasa bakwai na Peterborough an sanya su a cikin jerin canjin ta hanyar kocin Darren Ferguson . 

=== Filin Linfield ===
A ranar 14 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2015, McCann ya koma kasarsa ta asali don shiga kungiyar NIFL Premier League ta Linfield a kan canja wurin kyauta bayan an dakatar da kwangilarsa a Peterborough ta hanyar yardar juna. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar farko ta watanni shida har zuwa karshen kakar 2014-15. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Grant McCann signs for Linfield |url=http://www.linfieldfc.com/latestnews.asp?nid=13281 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116221700/http://www.linfieldfc.com/latestnews.asp?nid=13281 |archive-date=16 January 2015 |access-date=14 January 2015 |publisher=Linfield F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; McCann, wanda ya buga kusan wasanni 200 a duk gasa na Posh, ya kasance yana taimakawa tare da horar da matasa na Peterborough a cikin makonni kafin ya tashi, amma yana da sha'awar ci gaba da wasa a kai a kai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=McCann joins Linfield |url=http://www.theposh.com/news/article/grant-mccann-2202430.aspx |access-date=14 January 2015 |publisher=Peterborough United F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ɗan'uwansa, Ryan McCann, a baya ya buga wa Linfield wasa tsakanin 2002 da 2005, inda ya lashe kofuna da yawa tare da Blues ciki har da taken league a 2004 da kuma Kofin Setanta a 2005.

A ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2015, an danganta McCann da aikin kocin a tsohon kulob dinsa na Peterborough United, bayan korar Darren Ferguson kwana biyu da suka gabata. An ɗauka cewa McCann zai daidaita matsayinsa a Peterborough tare da lokacin wasa a Linfield .  Koyaya, daga baya an tabbatar da cewa McCann zai kawo ƙarshen zamansa a Linfield bayan makonni shida kawai. A lokacin da ya yi ɗan gajeren lokaci a kulob din, ya buga wasanni shida a duk gasa, inda ya zira kwallaye sau ɗaya a kan Ballymena United a wasan league.

=== Komawa zuwa Peterborough United ===
A ranar 26 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2015, Linfield ya tabbatar da cewa an dakatar da kwangilar McCann nan take, wanda ya sauƙaƙa dawowarsa zuwa Peterborough a matsayin kocin har zuwa aƙalla ƙarshen kakar 2014-15.
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{{databox}}
'''Grant Samuel McCann''' (An haife shi ranar 14 ga watan Afrilu 1980) ƙwararren [[Manager (kwallon kafa)|manajan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Arewacin Ireland kuma tsohon [[Dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|ɗan wasa]] wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|gasar ƙwallon ƙafa]] . A halin yanzu shi ne manajan [[EFL League Biyu]] kulob [[Doncaster Rovers FC|Doncaster Rovers]].

An haife shi a [[Belfast]], McCann ya taka leda a cikin [[tsarin matasa]] [[Lisburn Distillery FC|na Distillery]] daga 1995 har zuwa lokacin da ya shiga [[Kwalejin Kwallon kafa|Kwalejin Kwallon kafa ta]] [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a shekara ta alif 1996, inda ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru. &lt;ref name=&quot;Career History&quot;&gt;&quot;Grant McCann&quot;. ''Barry Hugman's Footballers''. Retrieved 3 April 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Alumni&quot;&gt;&quot;Career History&quot;. UpThePosh!. Retrieved 17 February 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara wasansa na farko a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2001 a wasan da suka doke [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] da ci 2–1.  Har ila yau McCann ya buga wa [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Arewacin Ireland|Ireland ta Arewa]] wasanni 39 bayan ya fara buga wasansa na farko da Malta a shekarar 2001, inda ya buga wasan ƙarshe a wasanni 39 da ya buga a wasan sada zumunta da suka doke [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Netherlands|Netherlands]] da ci 6-0 a watan Yunin 2012.

== Aikin kulob ==
bayan shiga cikin ƙungiyar farko ta West Ham McCann yana da [[Lamuni (kwallon kafa)|lamuni]] a [[Livingston FC|Livingston]] da [[Notts County FC|Notts County]] kafin ya koma [[Cheltenham Town FC|Cheltenham Town]], a cikin wata yarjejeniyar lamuni, a cikin 2000. Duk da cewa ya buga wasa kaɗan na maye gurbin West Ham kuma bai fara wasa ba, ana tunawa da shi don ya ci wani abin takaici da ban mamaki a wasan da suka sha kashi a waje da Blackburn Rovers da ci 1-7 a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 2001. Bayan ya fito daga benci, McCann ya yi yunkurin tsallakewa daga cikin nasa bugun fanareti amma ko ta yaya kwallon ta bi bayansa ta wuce Shaka Hislop a ragar West Ham. Wannan ya zama bayyanar McCann na ƙarshe a West Ham.  &lt;ref&gt;ADD REF&lt;/ref&gt;

== Garin Cheltenham ==
[[Fayil:McCann Dec2007.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
Bayan wani yarjejeniyar aro ya mayar da shi zuwa Cheltenham a cikin 2002, an sanya motsin na dindindin a lokacin [[Canja wurin taga|kasuwar canja wuri]] na Janairu 2003 lokacin da ya tashi daga West Ham akan £ 50,000, rikodin rikodin canja wurin Cheltenham Town. McCann ya ci gaba da buga wasanni 155 na gasar ga kulob din [[Gloucestershire]] . Ya buga wasanni hudu ne kawai a madadin The Hammers. &lt;ref name=&quot;Sbase&quot;&gt;&quot;Grant McCann&quot;. Westhamstats.info. 14 April 1980. Retrieved 30 May 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Barnsley ==
Ya shiga [[Barnsley FC|Barnsley]] akan ranar ƙarshe na lamuni, 23 Nuwamba 2006, a cikin kwangilar da ta ƙare a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2007. A karon farko da ya buga da [[Ipswich Town FC|Ipswich Town]] ya zura kwallo a raga a minti na 92 a wasan farko na [[Simon Davey]] a matsayin koci na riko. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/6160986.stm|title=Barnsley 1–0 Ipswich|publisher=BBC Sport|date=25 November 2006|access-date=30 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyoyin biyu sun amince da farashin £100,000 kuma McCann ya koma Barnsley na dindindin a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2007. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin wannan kuɗi ne na rikodi na ɗan wasa mai fita daga Cheltenham. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/b/barnsley/6684035.stm|title=Tykes sign Cheltenham's Odejayi|publisher=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2007|access-date=30 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Peterborough United ==
A ranar 24 ga Mayu 2010, [[Peterborough United FC|Peterborough United]] ta sanar da cewa sun doke gasar zakarun Turai da dama don tabbatar da ayyukan McCann kan kwantiragin shekaru uku. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Posh pull off major Transfer coup|url=http://www.theposh.com/page/NewsDetail/0,,10427~2057997,00.html|publisher=Peterborough United F.C.|date=24 May 2010|access-date=24 May 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100526021126/http://www.theposh.com/page/NewsDetail/0,,10427~2057997,00.html|archive-date=26 May 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 1 ga Agusta, an nada McCann kyaftin na 2010–11 League One season, yana ɗaukar rawar daga [[George Boyd (mai wasan ƙwallon ƙafa)|George Boyd]] . Ya ci gaba da rike wannan matsayi na kakar 2011-12. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/p/peterborough_united/8877758.stm|title=Football – Grant McCann confirmed as Peterborough United captain|publisher=BBC Sport|date=2 August 2010|access-date=30 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

McCann yana da nasarorin da ba kasafai ake samu ba na samun daukaka ta hanyar buga wasa sau uku - sau daya kowanne da kungiyoyi uku a filayen wasa uku - tare da Cheltenham Town a [[filin wasa na Millennium]], Cardiff, tare da Scunthorpe United a [[filin wasa na Wembley]], London da Peterborough United a [[Old Trafford|Old Trafford.]], Manchester.
[[Fayil:McCann Colum koeln literaturhaus 230107.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
A ranar 30 Afrilu 2012, McCann tare da wasu 'yan wasan Peterborough guda bakwai an sanya su a cikin jerin canja wurin ta hanyar sarrafa [[Darren Ferguson]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;tlist&quot;&gt;http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/6160986.stm&lt;/ref&gt;

== Linfield ==
[[Fayil:Aaron Lines at Maverick Saloon.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
A ranar 14 ga Janairu, 2015, McCann ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa don shiga ƙungiyar [[Premiership NIFL|NIFL Premiership]] [[Linfield FC|Linfield]] akan canja wuri kyauta bayan an dakatar da kwantiraginsa a Peterborough ta hanyar amincewar juna. Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin watanni shida na farko da zai dore har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014–15. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.irishfa.com/news/item/2679/mccann-signs-for-barnsley&lt;/ref&gt; McCann, wanda ya buga kusan wasanni 200 a dukkanin gasa na Posh, ya kasance yana taimakawa wajen horar da matasan kungiyar Peterborough a makonni kafin tafiyar tasa, amma yana sha'awar ci gaba da buga wasa akai-akai. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Tykes sign Cheltenham's Odejayi&quot;. BBC Sport. 31 May 2007. Retrieved 30 May 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; Dan uwansa, Ryan McCann, ya taba taka leda a Linfield tsakanin 2002 da 2005, inda ya lashe kofuna da dama tare da Blues gami da taken gasar a 2004 da [[Setanta Sports Cup|Kofin Setanta]] a 2005.

== Komawa zuwa Peterborough United ==
[[Fayil:Richard McCann 1272027.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
A ranar 26 ga Fabrairu 2015, Linfield ya tabbatar da cewa an dakatar da kwantiragin McCann tare da aiwatar da shi nan take, tare da sauƙaƙe komawar sa Peterborough a matsayin koci har zuwa aƙalla ƙarshen kakar 2014–15. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;McCann completes Scunthorpe move&quot;. BBC Sport. 15 January 2008. Retrieved 30 May 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin gudanarwa ==
A ranar 16 ga Mayu 2016, an nada McCann kocin [[Peterborough United FC|Peterborough United]] akan kwantiragin shekaru hudu. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Peterborough United: Grant McCann appointed manager|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/36301464|publisher=BBC Sport|date=16 May 2016|access-date=3 April 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nada shi Manajan League One na watan na Agusta 2017, bayan da kungiyarsa ta fara tashi a farkon kakar wasa ta bana. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 2018, an kore shi bayan da bai samu nasara ba a wasanni bakwai. &lt;ref name=&quot;PeterboroughOut&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43193015|title=Grant McCann: Peterborough sack manager after no wins in seven matches|publisher=BBC Sport|date=25 February 2018|access-date=27 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kariyan ta na kulub ==

An haife shi a [[Belfast]], McCann ya buga wa Lisburn Youth  kuma a cikin [[Youth system|tsarin matasa]] na Distillery daga 1995 har zuwa sanya hannu ga [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] Academy of Football a 1996, inda ya fara aikin sana'a. &lt;ref name=&quot;Career History&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Career History |url=http://www.uptheposh.com/people/171/career/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227223046/http://www.uptheposh.com/people/171/career/ |archive-date=27 February 2015 |access-date=17 February 2012 |publisher=UpThePosh!}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Alumni&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=West Ham United &amp;#124; Graduates |url=http://www.whufc.com/page/AcademyAlumni |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117231115/http://www.whufc.com/page/AcademyAlumni |archive-date=17 November 2011 |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=West Ham United F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara bugawa a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2001 a wasan da aka yi da [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] 2-1 . &lt;ref name=&quot;debut&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 April 1980 |title=Grant McCann |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&amp;ham=751&amp;united=Grant_McCann |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Westhamstats.info}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Da yake yana da wuya a shiga cikin tawagar farko ta West Ham, McCann yana da rance a Livingston da Notts County kafin ya koma Cheltenham Town, a wani yarjejeniyar rance, a cikin 2000.&lt;ref name=&quot;Barnsley&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Barnsley &amp;#124; GRANT McCANN – CHELTENHAM TOWN PROFILE |url=http://www.barnsleyfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10309~932414,00.html |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Barnsley F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya yi wasanni da yawa na maye gurbin West Ham kuma bai taba fara wasa ba. Ya zira kwallaye a lokacin da aka ci Blackburn Rovers 1-7 a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 2001; bayan ya fito daga benci, ya yi ƙoƙari ya fita daga cikin yankin nasa amma kwallon ta wata hanya ya juya baya a bayansa kuma ya wuce [[Shaka Hislop]] a burin West Ham.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 July 2002 |title=Grant McCann of West Ham United scores an own goal during the FA... |url=https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/grant-mccann-of-west-ham-united-scores-an-own-goal-during-news-photo/969347 |access-date=26 July 2019 |website=Getty Images}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan ya zama bayyanar McCann ta ƙarshe ga West Ham.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Game played on 14 Oct 2001 |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=5&amp;ham=4251&amp;united=14_Oct_2001 |access-date=26 July 2019 |website=www.westhamstats.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Garin Cheltenham ===
Bayan wani yarjejeniyar aro ya dawo da shi zuwa Cheltenham a shekara ta 2002, an sanya shi na dindindin a lokacin canjin canjin Janairu 2003 lokacin da ya tashi daga West Ham don £ 50,000, kuɗin canjin rikodin Cheltenham Town.&lt;ref name=&quot;Barnsley&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Barnsley &amp;#124; GRANT McCANN – CHELTENHAM TOWN PROFILE |url=http://www.barnsleyfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10309~932414,00.html |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Barnsley F.C.}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.barnsleyfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10309~932414,00.html &quot;Barnsley &amp;#x7C; GRANT McCANN – CHELTENHAM TOWN PROFILE&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; McCann ya ci gaba da buga wasanni 155 a kulob din Gloucestershire. Ya yi sauye-sauye hudu kawai ga The Hammers . &lt;ref name=&quot;Sbase&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Grant McCann &amp;#124; Peterborough United |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=17455 |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Soccer Base}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Barnsley ===
Ya shiga [[Barnsley FC|Barnsley]] a ranar rance, 23 ga Nuwamba 2006, a cikin kwangilar da ta ƙare a ranar 1 ga watan Janairun 2007. A wasan farko da ya yi da Ipswich Town, ya zira kwallaye a minti na 92 a wasan farko na Simon Davey a matsayin mai kula. Kungiyoyin biyu sun amince da biyan £ 100,000 kuma McCann ya koma Barnsley har abada a ranar 2 ga watan Janairun 2007.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mccann Signs For Barnsley |url=http://www.irishfa.com/news/item/2679/mccann-signs-for-barnsley |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Irishfa.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin wannan kuɗin rikodin ne ga mai kunnawa daga Cheltenham.

=== Scunthorpe ===
A watan Janairun 2008, McCann ya bar Barnsley don sanya hannu ga abokan hamayyar Scunthorpe United don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba.

=== Peterborough United ===
A ranar 24 ga Mayu 2010, Peterborough United ta ba da sanarwar cewa sun doke gasar daga kungiyoyin zakarun Turai don samun ayyukan McCann a kwangilar shekaru uku. A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, an nada McCann a matsayin kyaftin din kakar 2010-11 League One, inda ya taka rawar daga George Boyd. Ya ci gaba da rike wannan mukamin a kakar 2011-12.

An ci gaba da McCann ta hanyar wasa sau uku - sau ɗaya kowannensu tare da kungiyoyi uku a filin wasa uku - tare da Cheltenham Town a Filin wasa na Millennium, Cardiff, tare da Scunthorpe United a [[Filin wasa na Wembley]], London da kuma Peterborough United a Old Trafford, Manchester.

A ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2012, McCann tare da wasu 'yan wasa bakwai na Peterborough an sanya su a cikin jerin canjin ta hanyar kocin Darren Ferguson . 

=== Filin Linfield ===
A ranar 14 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2015, McCann ya koma kasarsa ta asali don shiga kungiyar NIFL Premier League ta Linfield a kan canja wurin kyauta bayan an dakatar da kwangilarsa a Peterborough ta hanyar yardar juna. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar farko ta watanni shida har zuwa karshen kakar 2014-15. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Grant McCann signs for Linfield |url=http://www.linfieldfc.com/latestnews.asp?nid=13281 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116221700/http://www.linfieldfc.com/latestnews.asp?nid=13281 |archive-date=16 January 2015 |access-date=14 January 2015 |publisher=Linfield F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; McCann, wanda ya buga kusan wasanni 200 a duk gasa na Posh, ya kasance yana taimakawa tare da horar da matasa na Peterborough a cikin makonni kafin ya tashi, amma yana da sha'awar ci gaba da wasa a kai a kai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=McCann joins Linfield |url=http://www.theposh.com/news/article/grant-mccann-2202430.aspx |access-date=14 January 2015 |publisher=Peterborough United F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ɗan'uwansa, Ryan McCann, a baya ya buga wa Linfield wasa tsakanin 2002 da 2005, inda ya lashe kofuna da yawa tare da Blues ciki har da taken league a 2004 da kuma Kofin Setanta a 2005.

A ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2015, an danganta McCann da aikin kocin a tsohon kulob dinsa na Peterborough United, bayan korar Darren Ferguson kwana biyu da suka gabata. An ɗauka cewa McCann zai daidaita matsayinsa a Peterborough tare da lokacin wasa a Linfield .  Koyaya, daga baya an tabbatar da cewa McCann zai kawo ƙarshen zamansa a Linfield bayan makonni shida kawai. A lokacin da ya yi ɗan gajeren lokaci a kulob din, ya buga wasanni shida a duk gasa, inda ya zira kwallaye sau ɗaya a kan Ballymena United a wasan league.

=== Komawa zuwa Peterborough United ===
A ranar 26 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2015, Linfield ya tabbatar da cewa an dakatar da kwangilar McCann nan take, wanda ya sauƙaƙa dawowarsa zuwa Peterborough a matsayin kocin har zuwa aƙalla ƙarshen kakar 2014-15.
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'''Grant Samuel McCann''' (An haife shi ranar 14 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta alif 1980) ƙwararren [[Manager (kwallon kafa)|manajan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Arewacin Ireland kuma tsohon [[Dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|ɗan wasa]] wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|gasar ƙwallon ƙafa]] . A halin yanzu shi ne manajan [[EFL League Biyu]] kulob [[Doncaster Rovers FC|Doncaster Rovers]].

An haife shi a [[Belfast]], Mc Cann ya taka leda a cikin [[tsarin matasa]] [[Lisburn Distillery FC|na Distillery]] daga 1995 har zuwa lokacin da ya shiga [[Kwalejin Kwallon kafa|Kwalejin Kwallon kafa ta]] [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a shekara ta alif 1996, inda ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru. &lt;ref name=&quot;Career History&quot;&gt;&quot;Grant McCann&quot;. ''Barry Hugman's Footballers''. Retrieved 3 April 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Alumni&quot;&gt;&quot;Career History&quot;. UpThePosh!. Retrieved 17 February 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara wasansa na farko a ranar 19 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 2001.A wasan da suka doke [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] da ci 2–1.  Har ila yau Mc Cann ya buga wa [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Arewacin Ireland|Ireland ta Arewa]] wasanni talatin da tara bayan ya fara buga wasansa na farko da Malta a shekarar 2001, inda ya buga wasan ƙarshe a wasanni 39 daya buga a wasan sada zumunta da suka doke [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Netherlands|Netherlands]] da ci 6-0 a watan Yunin 2012.

== Aikin kulob ==
bayan shiga cikin ƙungiyar farko ta West Ham McCann yana da [[Lamuni (kwallon kafa)|lamuni]] a [[Livingston FC|Livingston]] da [[Notts County FC|Notts County]] kafin ya koma [[Cheltenham Town FC|Cheltenham Town]], a cikin wata yarjejeniyar lamuni, a cikin 2000. Duk da cewa ya buga wasa kaɗan na maye gurbin West Ham kuma bai fara wasa ba, ana tunawa da shi don ya ci wani abin takaici da ban mamaki a wasan da suka sha kashi a waje da Blackburn Rovers da ci 1-7 a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 2001. Bayan ya fito daga benci, Mc Cann ya yi yunkurin tsallakewa daga cikin nasa bugun fanareti amma ko ta yaya kwallon ta bi bayansa ta wuce Shaka Hislop a ragar West Ham. Wannan ya zama bayyanar McCann na ƙarshe a West Ham.  &lt;ref&gt;ADD REF&lt;/ref&gt;

== Garin Cheltenham ==
[[Fayil:McCann Dec2007.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
Bayan wani yarjejeniyar aro ya mayar da shi zuwa Cheltenham a cikin 2002, an sanya motsin na dindindin a lokacin [[Canja wurin taga|kasuwar canja wuri]] na Janairu 2003 lokacin da ya tashi daga West Ham akan £ 50,000, rikodin rikodin canja wurin Cheltenham Town. McCann ya ci gaba da buga wasanni 155 na gasar ga kulob din [[Gloucestershire]] . Ya buga wasanni hudu ne kawai a madadin The Hammers. &lt;ref name=&quot;Sbase&quot;&gt;&quot;Grant McCann&quot;. Westhamstats.info. 14 April 1980. Retrieved 30 May 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Barnsley ==
Ya shiga [[Barnsley FC|Barnsley]] akan ranar ƙarshe na lamuni, 23 Nuwamba 2006, a cikin kwangilar da ta ƙare a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2007. A karon farko da ya buga da [[Ipswich Town FC|Ipswich Town]] ya zura kwallo a raga a minti na 92 a wasan farko na [[Simon Davey]] a matsayin koci na riko. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/6160986.stm|title=Barnsley 1–0 Ipswich|publisher=BBC Sport|date=25 November 2006|access-date=30 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyoyin biyu sun amince da farashin £100,000 kuma McCann ya koma Barnsley na dindindin a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2007. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin wannan kuɗi ne na rikodi na ɗan wasa mai fita daga Cheltenham. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/b/barnsley/6684035.stm|title=Tykes sign Cheltenham's Odejayi|publisher=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2007|access-date=30 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Peterborough United ==
A ranar 24 ga Mayu 2010, [[Peterborough United FC|Peterborough United]] ta sanar da cewa sun doke gasar zakarun Turai da dama don tabbatar da ayyukan McCann kan kwantiragin shekaru uku. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Posh pull off major Transfer coup|url=http://www.theposh.com/page/NewsDetail/0,,10427~2057997,00.html|publisher=Peterborough United F.C.|date=24 May 2010|access-date=24 May 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100526021126/http://www.theposh.com/page/NewsDetail/0,,10427~2057997,00.html|archive-date=26 May 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 1 ga Agusta, an nada McCann kyaftin na 2010–11 League One season, yana ɗaukar rawar daga [[George Boyd (mai wasan ƙwallon ƙafa)|George Boyd]] . Ya ci gaba da rike wannan matsayi na kakar 2011-12. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/p/peterborough_united/8877758.stm|title=Football – Grant McCann confirmed as Peterborough United captain|publisher=BBC Sport|date=2 August 2010|access-date=30 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

McCann yana da nasarorin da ba kasafai ake samu ba na samun daukaka ta hanyar buga wasa sau uku - sau daya kowanne da kungiyoyi uku a filayen wasa uku - tare da Cheltenham Town a [[filin wasa na Millennium]], Cardiff, tare da Scunthorpe United a [[filin wasa na Wembley]], London da Peterborough United a [[Old Trafford|Old Trafford.]], Manchester.
[[Fayil:McCann Colum koeln literaturhaus 230107.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
A ranar 30 Afrilu 2012, McCann tare da wasu 'yan wasan Peterborough guda bakwai an sanya su a cikin jerin canja wurin ta hanyar sarrafa [[Darren Ferguson]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;tlist&quot;&gt;http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/6160986.stm&lt;/ref&gt;

== Linfield ==
[[Fayil:Aaron Lines at Maverick Saloon.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
A ranar 14 ga Janairu, 2015, McCann ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa don shiga ƙungiyar [[Premiership NIFL|NIFL Premiership]] [[Linfield FC|Linfield]] akan canja wuri kyauta bayan an dakatar da kwantiraginsa a Peterborough ta hanyar amincewar juna. Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin watanni shida na farko da zai dore har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014–15. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.irishfa.com/news/item/2679/mccann-signs-for-barnsley&lt;/ref&gt; McCann, wanda ya buga kusan wasanni 200 a dukkanin gasa na Posh, ya kasance yana taimakawa wajen horar da matasan kungiyar Peterborough a makonni kafin tafiyar tasa, amma yana sha'awar ci gaba da buga wasa akai-akai. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Tykes sign Cheltenham's Odejayi&quot;. BBC Sport. 31 May 2007. Retrieved 30 May 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; Dan uwansa, Ryan McCann, ya taba taka leda a Linfield tsakanin 2002 da 2005, inda ya lashe kofuna da dama tare da Blues gami da taken gasar a 2004 da [[Setanta Sports Cup|Kofin Setanta]] a 2005.

== Komawa zuwa Peterborough United ==
[[Fayil:Richard McCann 1272027.jpg|thumb|Grant McCann]]
A ranar 26 ga Fabrairu 2015, Linfield ya tabbatar da cewa an dakatar da kwantiragin McCann tare da aiwatar da shi nan take, tare da sauƙaƙe komawar sa Peterborough a matsayin koci har zuwa aƙalla ƙarshen kakar 2014–15. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;McCann completes Scunthorpe move&quot;. BBC Sport. 15 January 2008. Retrieved 30 May 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin gudanarwa ==
A ranar 16 ga Mayu 2016, an nada McCann kocin [[Peterborough United FC|Peterborough United]] akan kwantiragin shekaru hudu. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Peterborough United: Grant McCann appointed manager|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/36301464|publisher=BBC Sport|date=16 May 2016|access-date=3 April 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nada shi Manajan League One na watan na Agusta 2017, bayan da kungiyarsa ta fara tashi a farkon kakar wasa ta bana. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 2018, an kore shi bayan da bai samu nasara ba a wasanni bakwai. &lt;ref name=&quot;PeterboroughOut&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43193015|title=Grant McCann: Peterborough sack manager after no wins in seven matches|publisher=BBC Sport|date=25 February 2018|access-date=27 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kariyan ta na kulub ==

An haife shi a [[Belfast]], McCann ya buga wa Lisburn Youth  kuma a cikin [[Youth system|tsarin matasa]] na Distillery daga 1995 har zuwa sanya hannu ga [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] Academy of Football a 1996, inda ya fara aikin sana'a. &lt;ref name=&quot;Career History&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Career History |url=http://www.uptheposh.com/people/171/career/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227223046/http://www.uptheposh.com/people/171/career/ |archive-date=27 February 2015 |access-date=17 February 2012 |publisher=UpThePosh!}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Alumni&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=West Ham United &amp;#124; Graduates |url=http://www.whufc.com/page/AcademyAlumni |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117231115/http://www.whufc.com/page/AcademyAlumni |archive-date=17 November 2011 |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=West Ham United F.C}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara bugawa a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2001 a wasan da aka yi da [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] 2-1 . &lt;ref name=&quot;debut&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 April 1980 |title=Grant McCann |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&amp;ham=751&amp;united=Grant_McCann |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Westhamstats.info}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Da yake yana da wuya a shiga cikin tawagar farko ta West Ham, McCann yana da rance a Livingston da Notts County kafin ya koma Cheltenham Town, a wani yarjejeniyar rance, a cikin 2000.&lt;ref name=&quot;Barnsley&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Barnsley &amp;#124; GRANT McCANN – CHELTENHAM TOWN PROFILE |url=http://www.barnsleyfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10309~932414,00.html |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Barnsley F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya yi wasanni da yawa na maye gurbin West Ham kuma bai taba fara wasa ba. Ya zira kwallaye a lokacin da aka ci Blackburn Rovers 1-7 a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 2001; bayan ya fito daga benci, ya yi ƙoƙari ya fita daga cikin yankin nasa amma kwallon ta wata hanya ya juya baya a bayansa kuma ya wuce [[Shaka Hislop]] a burin West Ham.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 July 2002 |title=Grant McCann of West Ham United scores an own goal during the FA... |url=https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/grant-mccann-of-west-ham-united-scores-an-own-goal-during-news-photo/969347 |access-date=26 July 2019 |website=Getty Images}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan ya zama bayyanar McCann ta ƙarshe ga West Ham.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Game played on 14 Oct 2001 |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=5&amp;ham=4251&amp;united=14_Oct_2001 |access-date=26 July 2019 |website=www.westhamstats.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Garin Cheltenham ===
Bayan wani yarjejeniyar aro ya dawo da shi zuwa Cheltenham a shekara ta 2002, an sanya shi na dindindin a lokacin canjin canjin Janairu 2003 lokacin da ya tashi daga West Ham don £ 50,000, kuɗin canjin rikodin Cheltenham Town.&lt;ref name=&quot;Barnsley&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Barnsley &amp;#124; GRANT McCANN – CHELTENHAM TOWN PROFILE |url=http://www.barnsleyfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10309~932414,00.html |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Barnsley F.C.}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.barnsleyfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10309~932414,00.html &quot;Barnsley &amp;#x7C; GRANT McCANN – CHELTENHAM TOWN PROFILE&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; McCann ya ci gaba da buga wasanni 155 a kulob din Gloucestershire. Ya yi sauye-sauye hudu kawai ga The Hammers . &lt;ref name=&quot;Sbase&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Grant McCann &amp;#124; Peterborough United |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=17455 |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Soccer Base}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Barnsley ===
Ya shiga [[Barnsley FC|Barnsley]] a ranar rance, 23 ga Nuwamba 2006, a cikin kwangilar da ta ƙare a ranar 1 ga watan Janairun 2007. A wasan farko da ya yi da Ipswich Town, ya zira kwallaye a minti na 92 a wasan farko na Simon Davey a matsayin mai kula. Kungiyoyin biyu sun amince da biyan £ 100,000 kuma McCann ya koma Barnsley har abada a ranar 2 ga watan Janairun 2007.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mccann Signs For Barnsley |url=http://www.irishfa.com/news/item/2679/mccann-signs-for-barnsley |access-date=30 May 2011 |publisher=Irishfa.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin wannan kuɗin rikodin ne ga mai kunnawa daga Cheltenham.

=== Scunthorpe ===
A watan Janairun 2008, McCann ya bar Barnsley don sanya hannu ga abokan hamayyar Scunthorpe United don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba.

=== Peterborough United ===
A ranar 24 ga Mayu 2010, Peterborough United ta ba da sanarwar cewa sun doke gasar daga kungiyoyin zakarun Turai don samun ayyukan McCann a kwangilar shekaru uku. A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, an nada McCann a matsayin kyaftin din kakar 2010-11 League One, inda ya taka rawar daga George Boyd. Ya ci gaba da rike wannan mukamin a kakar 2011-12.

An ci gaba da McCann ta hanyar wasa sau uku - sau ɗaya kowannensu tare da kungiyoyi uku a filin wasa uku - tare da Cheltenham Town a Filin wasa na Millennium, Cardiff, tare da Scunthorpe United a [[Filin wasa na Wembley]], London da kuma Peterborough United a Old Trafford, Manchester.

A ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2012, McCann tare da wasu 'yan wasa bakwai na Peterborough an sanya su a cikin jerin canjin ta hanyar kocin Darren Ferguson . 

=== Filin Linfield ===
A ranar 14 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2015, McCann ya koma kasarsa ta asali don shiga kungiyar NIFL Premier League ta Linfield a kan canja wurin kyauta bayan an dakatar da kwangilarsa a Peterborough ta hanyar yardar juna. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar farko ta watanni shida har zuwa karshen kakar 2014-15. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Grant McCann signs for Linfield |url=http://www.linfieldfc.com/latestnews.asp?nid=13281 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116221700/http://www.linfieldfc.com/latestnews.asp?nid=13281 |archive-date=16 January 2015 |access-date=14 January 2015 |publisher=Linfield F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; McCann, wanda ya buga kusan wasanni 200 a duk gasa na Posh, ya kasance yana taimakawa tare da horar da matasa na Peterborough a cikin makonni kafin ya tashi, amma yana da sha'awar ci gaba da wasa a kai a kai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=McCann joins Linfield |url=http://www.theposh.com/news/article/grant-mccann-2202430.aspx |access-date=14 January 2015 |publisher=Peterborough United F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ɗan'uwansa, Ryan McCann, a baya ya buga wa Linfield wasa tsakanin 2002 da 2005, inda ya lashe kofuna da yawa tare da Blues ciki har da taken league a 2004 da kuma Kofin Setanta a 2005.

A ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2015, an danganta McCann da aikin kocin a tsohon kulob dinsa na Peterborough United, bayan korar Darren Ferguson kwana biyu da suka gabata. An ɗauka cewa McCann zai daidaita matsayinsa a Peterborough tare da lokacin wasa a Linfield .  Koyaya, daga baya an tabbatar da cewa McCann zai kawo ƙarshen zamansa a Linfield bayan makonni shida kawai. A lokacin da ya yi ɗan gajeren lokaci a kulob din, ya buga wasanni shida a duk gasa, inda ya zira kwallaye sau ɗaya a kan Ballymena United a wasan league.

=== Komawa zuwa Peterborough United ===
A ranar 26 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2015, Linfield ya tabbatar da cewa an dakatar da kwangilar McCann nan take, wanda ya sauƙaƙa dawowarsa zuwa Peterborough a matsayin kocin har zuwa aƙalla ƙarshen kakar 2014-15.
== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abdur Rahman bin Yusuf Mangera</title>
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[[Category:Articles with hCards]]
'''Abdur Rahman ibn Yusuf Mangera''' masani ne [[Mabiya Sunnah|na Sunna]], marubuci, kuma wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Whitethread da Zamzam Academy. Ya rubuta ''Fiqh al-Imam'' da ''Healthy Muslim Marriage'' . An bayyana shi a cikin bugu na 2020 na 500 Mafi Tasirin Musulmai wanda Cibiyar Nazarin Dabarun Musulunci ta Royal ta tattara.

== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
Mangera ya kammala karatunsa a Darul Uloom Bury sannan ya yi karatun Ifta a Darul Uloom Zakariyya da ke kasar Afirka ta Kudu sannan ya yi karatu a Mazahir Uloom Jadeed da ke Saharanpur a kasar Indiya. Ya sami digiri na B.A a Jami'ar Rand Afrikaans da ke Johannesburg da kuma digiri na M.A da PhD a [[Ilimin Musulunci|fannin Nazarin Musulunci]] daga SOAS, Jami'ar Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Mufti Abdur-Rahman ibn Yusuf Mangera&quot;. ''rayyaninstitute.com''. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Abdur-Rahman ibn Yusuf&quot;. ''www.whitethreadpress.com''. Archived from the original on 8 May 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Dr. Mufti Abdur-Rahman Ibn Yusuf Mangera&quot;. ''ZamZam Academy''. Retrieved 7 May 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Mufti Abdur-Rahman Ibn Yusuf&quot;. ''Tafsir.io''. Archived from the original on 8 May 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Dr. Mufti Abdur-Rahman Ibn Yusuf Mangera&quot;. ''www.albalaghacademy.com''. Retrieved 8 May 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;     An ba shi izini ya watsa hadisi daga Habib Al-Rahman Al-Azmi (ta hanyar dalibinsa Zayn al-'Abidin), Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi, Muhammad al-'Awwama, da [[Muhammad Yunus Jaunpuri]]. 

Mangera ya kafa Cibiyar Whitethread da ZamZam Academy.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;ABOUT ZAMZAM ACADEMY&quot;. ''ZamZam Academy''. Retrieved 7 May 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;   An bayyana shi a cikin 2020 na 500 Mafi Tasirin Musulmai.&lt;ref&gt;''The 500 Most Influential Muslims'' (PDF) (2020 ed.). Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre. pp. 124, 235. Retrieved 15 April 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;  An kuma ba shi kyautar girmamawa a Kwalejin Cambridge Muslim a shekarar 2013 da kuma Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought da ke Amman, Jordan a shekarar 2016. 
[[Fayil:Abdur Rahman ibn Yusuf Mangera.jpg|thumb|Abdur Rahman bin Yusuf Mangera]]
A cikin shekarar 2016, Mangera ya yi tafiya zuwa [[Kashmir]] don yin jawabi a taron Imam Abu Hanifa wanda Darul Uloom Raheemiyyah ya shirya a cikin hadaddun taro na Jami'ar Kashmir.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Dar-ul-Uloom Raheemiya organizes conference&quot;. ''Greater Kashmir''. 9 May 2016.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ayyukan adabi ==
Littattafan Mangera sun haɗa da:

* ''Fiqh al-Imam: Mahimman Hujjoji a Fiqhu na Hanafi'' (1996).
* ''Prayers for Forgiveness: Neman Fadakarwa ta Ruhaniya ta hanyar Addu'a ta Gaskiya'' (2004)
* ''Provision for the Seekers'' (2005), (fassara da sharhin aikin Larabci Zad al-Talibin wanda Ashiq Ilahi Bulandshahri ya haɗa).
* ''Co-authored Reflections of Pearls'' (2005)
* ''[[Imam Abu Hanifa]] 's Al-Fiqh al-Akbar Explained'' (2007)
* ''Salat &amp; Salam: Godiya ga Mafi Masoyin Allah'' (2007), littafin salati da aminci ga Annabi Muhammad
* ''Imam Ghazali's Beginning of Guidance'' (Bidayah al-Hidaya) (2010)
* ''A Critical Edition of Abū'l-Layth al-Samarqandi'' (Thesis na PhD, 2013) 
&lt;ref name=&quot;phd&quot;&gt;{{cite thesis|title=A critical edition of Abū 'l-Layth al-Samarqandī's Nawāzil.|url=https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/17840/|website=SOAS, University of London|year=2013|doi=10.25501/SOAS.00017840|accessdate=7 May 2019|last1=Mangera|first1=Abdur-Rahman|type=phd|archive-date=7 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507175338/https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/17840/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Healthy Muslim Marriage : Buɗe Sirri Zuwa Ƙarshen Ni'ima'' 

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin Hanafiyya
* Jerin Ash'aris da Maturidisu
* Jerin Deobandis

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>It's Her Day</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-21T10:08:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
        <id>23935</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An kirkira ta fassara &quot;__LEAD_SECTION__&quot; daga shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340025585|It's Her Day]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838746</origin>
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'''''Ranarta''''' Fim ne na wasan barkwanci na Najeriya na 2016 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author-link=360nobs |date=16 September 2016 |title=Movie Review: It's Her Day |url=https://www.360nobs.com/2016/09/movie-review-day/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118051110/https://www.360nobs.com/2016/09/movie-review-day/ |archive-date=18 January 2017 |access-date=16 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; game da wasu ma'aurata da suka yi aure daga asali daban-daban na zamantakewa da kuma gwagwarmayar da suke fuskanta a aji yayin da suke shirin bikin aurensu mai kyau. Bovi Ugboma ya fito a matsayin Victor, wani sabon saurayi da aka matsa masa lamba don ya ba wa budurwarsa mai son abin duniya, [[Nicole Scherzinger|Nicole]] ( [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] ) auren tatsuniya mai ban mamaki. [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] ne ya shirya fim ɗin kuma Aniedi Anwah ne ya shirya shi kuma an fara nuna shi a ranar 9 ga Satumban shekarar 2016 a Legas, Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author-link=Pulse Nigeria |date=25 September 2016 |title=&quot;It's Her Day&quot; is an imaginative and clever comedy movie |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/pulse-movie-review-its-her-day-is-an-imaginative-and-clever-comedy-movie-id5498634.html |access-date=16 February 2024 |archive-date=24 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124052533/http://pulse.ng/movies/pulse-movie-review-its-her-day-is-an-imaginative-and-clever-comedy-movie-id5498634.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author-link=ThisDay Live |date=8 October 2016 |title=Bovi's Movie Premiere &quot;It's Her Day&quot; |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/10/08/bovis-movie-premiere-its-her-day/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Infobox film|name=It's Her Day|image=It's Her Day.jpg|alt=|caption=|director=Aniedi Anwah|writer=[[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]]|screenplay={{Plainlist|
Bovi Ugboma
}}|story=|based_on=&lt;!-- {{based on|title of the original work|writer of the original work}} --&gt;|producer=Bovi Ugboma|starring={{Plainlist|
*Bovi Ugboma
*[[Ini Dima-Okojie]]
*[[Shaffy Bello]]
*[[Amanda Mike-Ebeye]]
*[[Toni Tones]]
*Adunni Ade
*Najite Dede
*Gregory Ojefua
*Thelma Ezeamaka
*Femi Durojaiye
*Ese Lami George 
}}|narrator=|cinematography=Emeka Madu|editing=[[Akin Alabi]]|music={{Plainlist|
*Harrison &quot;Babariq&quot; Eke
}}|studio=Kountry Kulture Network|distributor=Silverbird Distribution|released={{Film date|2016|10|09|Lagos, Nigeria|df=y|ref1=&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/10/08/bovis-movie-premiere-its-her-day/] http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/10/08/bovis-movie-premiere-its-her-day/ Retrieved 8 October 2016&lt;/ref&gt;}}|runtime=|country=Nigeria|language=English|gross=₦55,021,150 (Raked ₦12M in the opening weekend)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.viewngr.com/bovis-its-her-day-movie-gross-over-55m-nollywood-movies-2016/ |title=Bovi's It's Her Day Movie Bags Over 55m High Grossing Nollywood Movies In 2016 |author-link=View Nigeria |date=17 January 2017 |access-date=16 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117013546/http://www.viewngr.com/bovis-its-her-day-movie-gross-over-55m-nollywood-movies-2016/ |archive-date=17 January 2017 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

[[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] ne ya shirya fim ɗin kuma Aniedi Anwah ne ya ba da umarni kuma an fara nuna shi a ranar 9 ga Satumba, 2016 a Legas, Najeriya  
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author-link=Pulse Nigeria |date=25 September 2016 |title=&quot;It's Her Day&quot; is an imaginative and clever comedy movie |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/pulse-movie-review-its-her-day-is-an-imaginative-and-clever-comedy-movie-id5498634.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124052533/http://pulse.ng/movies/pulse-movie-review-its-her-day-is-an-imaginative-and-clever-comedy-movie-id5498634.html |archive-date=24 January 2017 |access-date=16 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author-link=ThisDay Live |date=8 October 2016 |title=Bovi's Movie Premiere &quot;It's Her Day&quot; |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/10/08/bovis-movie-premiere-its-her-day/ |newspaper=[[This Day]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Takaitaccen Bayani ==
Victor ya dawo gida daga Burtaniya don ya auri amaryarsa, Nicole Hernández mai tsaurin kai, wacce ba ta ɓata lokaci ba wajen tsara bikin auren mafarkinta. Ganin cewa mahaifiyar Nicole mai wayo tana shiga cikin kowane abu, Victor ya ga cewa kuɗin ya wuce kasafin kuɗinsa. Duk da gargaɗin da aka yi masa daga babban abokinsa Omonigho, wanda Nicole ba ta so - tare da danginsa da ke [[Warri]], musamman Anti Foweh - Victor ya fuskanci matsin lamba ba wai kawai don ya faranta wa Nicole da mahaifiyarta rai ba, har ma da 'yan'uwan Hernández masu buƙata - Stacey, Nancy, da Augusta. Tare da taimakon wani mai shirya bikin aure mai kyau, Hernándezes ya yi watsi da duk wani abu da ya faru a babban ranar Nicole, yayin da shawarwarin Victor ko dai an yi watsi da su ko kuma an yi musu ba'a.

Matsala ta biyo baya a [[Al'adun aure a Afirka|bikin auren]] ma'auratan lokacin da Victor ya fesa wa amaryarsa [[Naira|takardun naira]] maimakon takardun dala . Ya nemi afuwa, amma buƙatun amaryar Nicole sun ci gaba. Yanzu ya yi nadamar rabuwa da Angela, tsohuwar budurwar da ya tafi da ita don Nicole, kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin dawo da ita duk da aurensa. Duk da haka, ta fahimci fuskarsa kuma ta ba shi shawara ya ƙi ci gaba da bayyana kansa. A lokacin zaman ba da shawara kafin aure, Victor da Nicole sun tayar da rikici lokacin da ta fi mai da hankali kan Candy Crush ɗinta kuma ta yi watsi da taron. Ya rabu da ita, wani mataki da Omonigho ya amince da shi, amma bayan ya gano cewa Angela yanzu tana da sabon namiji, sai ya sulhunta da Nicole.

Victor ya ɗauki abokansa su tsaya a matsayin masu yaudara ta hanyar tattaunawa ta waya da Hernándezes bayan sun dage kan yin rajistar shahararrun mawakan kiɗa don yin wasa a bikin auren. An yi bikin mawaka, kuma washegari da safe Victor, wanda ya kwana a daren da ya gabata, ya firgita da cewa ya makara zuwa bikin. Masu angonsa sun ƙara ta'azzara lamarin ta hanyar hayar ''kekuna'' don kai shi da abokan angonsa zuwa coci, suna cika wata tsohuwar yarjejeniya. Sun isa tsakiyar hirar ''Mr.'' s Hernández da HipTV, wanda ya jawo mata kunya kai tsaye a talabijin, sai ta mare shi a gaban abokansa da suka firgita. Da ta fahimci cewa Nicole za ta ci gaba da zama mai girman kai bayan ta ƙi zobensa, Victor ya jefar da ita a kan bagadi ya fita da ƙarfi.

Victor da [[Groomsmen|abokan angonsa]] sun isa gidan Angela suka roƙe ta da ta yi la'akari da sake farfaɗo da tsohuwar dangantakarta. Duk da cewa ta karɓi uzurinsa, Angela ba ta manta da raunin da ta sha bayan ya yi watsi da ita ba, kuma ta kore su da bulala.

== Ƴan wasan kwaikwayo ==

* [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] a matsayin Victor Elomena/Victor Smith
* [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] as Nicole Hernández
* [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] as Mrs Hernández
* [[Toni Tones]] a matsayin Stacy Hernández
* Thelma Ezeamaka as Augusta Hernández
* [[Amanda Ebeye|Amanda Mike-Ebeye]] as Nancy Hernández
* [[Adunni Ade]] a matsayin Caroline, mai tsara bikin aure
* [[Najite Dede]] a matsayin Aunty Foweh
* [[Gregory Ojefua]] a matsayin Omonigo
* Femi Durojaiye a matsayin Dede
* Ese Lami George a matsayin Victoria
* [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Angela

== Samarwa ==
[[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] ne ya shirya fim ɗin. Aniedi Anwah ne ya ba da umarni.  A cikin Kountry Kulture Network, wanda Silverbird Distribution ya rarraba.

== Fitowa ==
An fara nuna fim ɗin a Lagos, Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Satumba. 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>18 Hours</title>
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'''''18 Hours''''' Fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na [[Kenya]] na shekarar 2017 wanda Njue Kevin ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni a karon farko na darakta.  The simintin sun ha da Nick Ndeda, [[Sue Wanjiru]], Brian Ogola, Isaya Evans da Shirleen Wangari.&lt;ref name=&quot;KenyanVibe&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.kenyanvibe.com/fast-facts-soon-released-kenyan-film-18-hours/|title=Fast Facts On The Soon To Be Released Kenyan Film &quot;18 Hours&quot; - KenyanVibe|date=2017-09-20|work=KenyanVibe|access-date=2018-02-01|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Fim din &quot;ya bi wani sabon likitan asibiti wanda ya tsira da sa'o'i goma sha takwas 18 a cikin motar asibiti don rayuwar wanda ya kamu da hatsarin hanya wanda aka hana shi shiga asibiti. &quot; Fim din, ya zama tarihi a matsayin hoton Kenya na farko da za a zaba don fim mafi kyau a Afirka Magic Viewers Choice Awards (AMVCA) yana da wasu gabatarwa huɗu 4 a cikin kyaututtuka na shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha takwas 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://nairobinews.nation.co.ke/chillax/18-hours-kenyan-movies-nominated-amvca-awards/|title='18 Hours' tops Kenyan movies nominated for 2018 AMVCA awards - Nairobi News|date=2018-07-01|work=Nairobi News|access-date=2018-07-24|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724183651/https://nairobinews.nation.co.ke/chillax/18-hours-kenyan-movies-nominated-amvca-awards/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Labarin fim ==
Bisa  likitan likitancin Brian Odhiambo na ainihi, labarin ya ba da kyakkyawan ra'ayi game da tsarin kiwon lafiya na likita wanda zai yi duk abin da yake bukata don ceton rayuwar mai haƙuri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/film-on-teen-who-spent-18-hrs-with-ambulance-patient-id7421113.html|title=Film on teen who spent 18 hours with ambulance patient comes to life|last=Watiri|first=Sue|access-date=2018-02-01|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202132037/http://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/film-on-teen-who-spent-18-hrs-with-ambulance-patient-id7421113.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Zach yana aiki ne don sabis na likitocin Raven. Ayyukansa shine kula da shari'o'in gaggawa. Kira na gaggawa ya zo ne daga wani shaida game da hadari da ke kan babbar hanya. Wani mai tafiya ya shiga cikin saurin gudu kuma ya gudu yayin da yake kan hanyarsa ta komawa gida daga aiki.

An sanya shi shugaban ceto, Zach da direbansa Mark sun fita daga sansanin su kuma a cikin kimanin minti 20, sun isa wurin. Wanda ya mutu yana zubar da jini ashirin daga kai kuma ba ya motsawa.

Zach da Mark sun dauki wadanda suka mutu a cikin motar asibiti kuma ba da daɗewa ba, suna kan hanyarsu zuwa asibitoci daban-daban. Sabina (matar wanda ya mutu) ta haɗu da su, kowannensu yana sauyawa yana kula da wanda ya mutu yayin da suke tabbatar da cewa yana da isasshen iskar oxygen a kowane lokaci. Zack  ƙaddara ya ci gaba da rayuwar wanda hatsarin ya shafa, awanni 18 bayan hadarin.

== Ƴan wasa ==

* [[Nick Ndeda]]
* [[Sue Wanjiru]]
* Brian Ogola
* [[Achar Brian]]
* [[Junniah W Kariithi]]
* [[shirleen Wangari]]
* Ruth Maingi
* [[Brenda Wairimu]].

== Fitarwa ==
Fim din  fara ne a shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha biyar 2015 lokacin da Njue Kevin, marubuci &amp; darektan, ya karanta wata kasida a jaridar. Labari  wanda ya samo asali daga bala'i na ainihi, Inda wani mutum ya zubar da jini a cikin motar asibiti na tsawon sa'o'i goma sha takwas 18 saboda Asibitin Kasa na Kenyatta ya yi iƙirarin cewa ba shi da gado na ICU. Kuma wannan lokacin ne muka fara wasa tare da ra'ayin cewa wannan na iya zama fim mai ƙarfi; fim wanda zai iya nishaɗi amma kuma ana amfani dashi don canjin zamantakewa. An gabatarwa, Phoebe Ruguru ya haɗu kuma ci gaban rubutun ya fara ne da yin magana da likitoci da masu fasaha na gaggawa waɗanda suka nutse sosai kuma suka shiga cikin aikin a ko'ina. Yana  ban tsoro na kiwon lafiya, don haka dole ne mu kasance masu gaskiya ga ƙungiyar likitanci, Njue ya gaya wa BBC World sabis.

Tsarin simintin  buɗe ga jama'a kuma ya haɗa da 'yan wasan Kenya duk da cewa samarwar ta sami aikace-aikace daga' yan wasan kwaikwayo a duk faɗin duniya ciki har da wasu daga LA, Hollywood, London, da Jamus. An sanya kiran simintin a kan layi kuma ya karbi masu neman dubu ɗaya 1000 tare da ashirin da biyar 25 kawai suna yin fim din. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p05b7r3j|title=BBC Minute: On film crew and kit, BBC Minute - BBC World Service|website=BBC|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-02-01}}&lt;/ref&gt; rubuce-rubucen, Njue ya hayar da mai zane-zane kuma ya kafa sansani na makonni huɗu 4 a cikin gidansa a Nairobi [1] inda suka yi zane-zane da hotuna don ba da labarin a gani.

== Saki ==
An buɗe sa'o'i goma sha takwas 18 zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo a duk faɗin Gabashin Afirka a ranar goma 10 ga watan Nuwamba shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha bakwai 2017 ga firaministan da aka sayar. Mutane da yawa na kafofin watsa labarai sun yi farin ciki da ƙaddamarwa ciki har da ɗan wasan Kenya David Rudisha,  wanda ke da hannu a cikin kamfen ɗin talla don ba da shawara don ingantaccen martani na gaggawa a Kenya.

An karɓi fim ɗin da kyau a [[Kenya|kasar Kenya]] tare da sake dubawa da ke nuna ƙarfin hali na Njue Kevin da tawagarsa don yin fim din 18 Hours.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://thearenakenyablog.wordpress.com/2017/11/16/review-18-hours-to-live-the-arena-kenya/|title=REVIEW: 18 Hours to live? {{!}} The Arena Kenya|date=2017-11-16|work=The Arena Kenya {{!}} BLOG|access-date=2018-02-01|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{IMDb title|tt6892088}}
* {{Official website|https://rocquepictures.net/}}
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
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  <page>
    <title>Yaren Gorani</title>
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[[Fayil:Gorani Flag.png|thumb|tutar gorani]]
[[Fayil:Gorani relief sculpture (3).jpg|thumb|yaren gorani]]
[[Fayil:Drapeau Gorani.png|thumb|tutar gorani]]
'''Gorani''' (Kurdish گۆرانی  , lit. ')  Wanda aka fi sani da babban yaren sa; '''Hawrami''' ({{Lang|ku|ھەورامی}}, romaniised: ''Hewramî'') yare ne na Arewa maso yammacin [[Iran]] wanda kabilun [[Kurdawa]] ke magana a arewa maso gabashin [[Iraƙi|Iraki]] da yammacin Iran  kuma tare da [[Harshen Zaza|Zaza]] sun zama yarukan Zaza-Gorani.  &amp;nbsp;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=170–174}}&lt;/ref&gt; bincike &lt;ref name=&quot;leezenberg2&quot; /&gt; yawa suna ɗaukar Gorani [[Harsunan Kurdawa|Yaren Kurdawa]]. Masu magana  Gorani suna kiran yarensu Kurdish. Gorani yare &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=627–643}}&lt;/ref&gt; na wallafe-wallafen ga Kurdawa da yawa.

Ana magana  Gorani a Iraki da Iran kuma yana da yare huɗu: Bajelani, Hawrami, da Sarli, wasu tushe sun haɗa da Shabaki a matsayin yaren Gorani. &lt;ref&gt;Meri, Josef W., ''Medieval Islamic Civilization'': A–K, index. &lt;/ref&gt; cikin wadannan, Hawrami ita ce yaren adabi na gargajiya da koiné na [[Kurdawa]] a yankin Ardalan na tarihi a Dutsen Zagros, amma tun daga lokacin Kurdawa ta Tsakiya da Kudancin Kurdawa sun maye gurbinsa.

Gorani yana da kimanin masu magana 180,000 a Iran a 2007 da masu magana 120,000 a Iraki da kuma a 2007 don jimlar masu magana 300,000. Ethnologue ya ba da rahoton cewa ana barazanar yaren a cikin ƙasashe biyu kuma masu magana da ke zaune a Iraki sun haɗa da dukan manya da wasu yara, duk da haka bai ambaci ko masu magana suna canzawa zuwa Sorani ko a'a ba. Yawancin masu magana da Gorani a Iran suna magana da Sorani, Farisa, da Kudancin Kurdawa. Y masu magana a Iraki suna magana da Sorani, yayin da wasu kuma ke magana da Larabci na Mesopotamiya.

== Magana ==
Sunan Goran ya bayyana ya kasance asalin Indo-Iranian.  iya samo sunan daga tsohuwar kalmar Avestan, ''gairi'', wanda ke nufin dutse.

== Littattafai ==
A karkashin sarakuna masu zaman kansu na Ardalan (9th-14th / 14th-19th karni), tare da babban birninsu a Sanandaj, Gorani ya zama abin hawa na tarin shayari. Gorani ya kasance kuma ya kasance harshen farko na nassoshi na ƙungiyar Ahl-e Haqq, ko [[Ahl-e Haqq|Yarsanism]], wanda ke tsakiya akan Gahvara. Ayyukan Prose, akasin haka, ba a san su ba. Tsarin ayar Gorani yana da sauƙi sosai kuma yana da ma'ana. Ya ƙunshi kusan gaba ɗaya na stanzas na rabin ayoyi biyu na jimloli goma kowannensu, ba tare da la'akari da yawan jimloli ba.

An san sunayen mawaƙa na gargajiya arba'in da ke rubutawa a cikin Gorani, amma ba a san cikakkun bayanai game da rayuwa da kwanakin ba. Wataƙila marubucin farko shine Mele Perîşan, marubucin Masnavi na layi 500 akan bangaskiyar [[Shi'a]] wanda aka ruwaito ya rayu a kusa da 1356-1431. Sauran mawaƙa an san su daga ƙarni na 17 zuwa 19 kuma sun haɗa da Shaykh Mustafa Takhtayi, Khana Qubadi, Yusuf Yaska, Mistefa Bêsaranî da Khulam Rada Khan Arkawazi . Ɗaya daga cikin manyan mawaƙa na ƙarshe da ya kammala littafin waka (divan) a Gurani shine Mawlawi Tawagozi a kudancin Halabja .

Kurdish Shahnameh tarin waƙoƙi ne masu ban sha'awa waɗanda aka ba da su ta hanyar magana daga ƙarni ɗaya zuwa na gaba, wanda a ƙarshe Almas Khan-e Kanoule'ei ya rubuta wasu labaru a ƙarni na sha takwas. Har ila yau, akwai masnavis masu tsayi ko masu tsayi da yawa, galibi marubuta da ba a san su ba ne suka fassara su daga wallafe-wallafen Farisa ciki har da: Bijan da Manijeh, Khurshid-i Khawar, Khosrow da Shirin, Layla da Majnun, Shirin da Farhad, Haft Khwan-i Rostam da Sultan Jumjuma. Ana adana rubuce-rubucen waɗannan ayyukan a halin yanzu a cikin ɗakunan karatu na ƙasa na [[Berlin]], [[Landan]], da [[Faris|Paris]].

=== Misali na waƙoƙin Gorani ===
''Şîrîn u Xesrew'' wanda Khana Qubadî ya rubuta a shekara ta 1740.
 

== Harsuna ==

=== Bajelani ===
'''Bajelani''' yare ne na Gorani  tare da kimanin masu magana 59,000, galibi a kusa da Mosul,  kusa da Khanaqin da kusa da kwarin Khosar. 

=== Hawrami ===
'''Hawrami''' (&lt;span lang=&quot;ckb&quot;&gt;هەورامی&lt;/span&gt;; ''&lt;span lang=&quot;kmr&quot;&gt;Hewramî&lt;/span&gt;'') wanda aka fi sani da '''Avromani''', '''Awromani''' ko '''Horami''', yare ne na Gorani kuma an dauke shi a matsayin mafi tsufa. An fi magana da shi a yankin Hawraman, yankin tsaunuka da ke yammacin [[Iran]] (Iranian Kurdistan) da arewa maso gabashin [[Iraƙi|Iraki]] (Iraqi Kurdistan). Akwai kusan masu magana ,000, kuma UNESCO ta sanya shi a matsayin &quot;mai haɗari&quot; a cikin 2010. [1]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zaki Mda</title>
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      <text bytes="8528" sha1="rhk8pyg1lkw8xl0fzeoayls2d1mqof4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|suna=Zakes Mda|birth_date=1948|status=PhD|occupation=Novelist
poet}}&lt;div class=&quot;references-small &quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
[[category:Mutuwan 1993]]
'''Zanemvula Kizito Gatyeni “Zakes''' / Mda ( / ˈzɛɪk s mˈdɑː / ) , (an haife shi a shekara ta 1948) marubuci ɗan Afirka ta Kudu ne, mawaƙi kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo. Ya lashe manyan lambobin yabo na adabi na Afirka ta Kudu da Burtaniya saboda litattafai da wasan kwaikwayo. Shi ma dan siyasar AP Mda ne.

== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
Zanemvula Mda an haife shi a Herschel, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1948.  kuma ya kammala Takaddun shaida na Ƙasashen Waje na Cambridge a Makarantar Sakandare ta Peka, Lesotho, a cikin 1969. Ya yi karatun BFA (Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyaki da Adabi) a Kwalejin Fasaha da Adabi ta Duniya, Zurich, Switzerland, a cikin 1976. Ya kammala MFA (Theater) da MA (Mass Communication and Media) a 1984 a Jami'ar [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]], Amurka. Ya yi karatun digirinsa na uku a Jami'ar Cape Town, Afirka ta Kudu, a 1989.

== Sana'a ==
Lokacin da ya fara bugawa, ya ɗauki sunan alƙalami na Zakes Mda. Baya ga rubuta litattafai da wasan kwaikwayo, ya koyar da Turanci da kuma rubuce-rubucen kirkire-kirkire a Afirka ta Kudu da Ingila.

Kwanan nan, ya tafi Amurka, inda ya zama Farfesa a Sashen Turanci a Jami'ar Ohio a [[Athens]], Ohio .  Ya kasance malami mai ziyara a Jami'ar Yale da Jami'ar [[Vermont]] . &lt;ref&gt;[http://search.barnesandnoble.com/Madonna-of-Excelsior/Zakes-Mda/e/9780312423827 &quot;Madonna of Excelsior&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607070326/http://search.barnesandnoble.com/Madonna-of-Excelsior/Zakes-Mda/e/9780312423827 |date=2011-06-07 }} at Barnes &amp; Noble.&lt;/ref&gt; Tun daga Yuli 2021, shi malami ne a cikin Babban Shirye-shiryen Ilimi a Jami'ar Johns Hopkins.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.english.ohiou.edu/directory/faculty_page/mda/|title=English Department|website=www.english.ohiou.edu|language=en|access-date=27 September 2018|archive-date=21 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151221201026/http://www.english.ohiou.edu/directory/faculty_page/mda|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[http://search.barnesandnoble.com/Madonna-of-Excelsior/Zakes-Mda/e/9780312423827 &quot;Madonna of Excelsior&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607070326/http://search.barnesandnoble.com/Madonna-of-Excelsior/Zakes-Mda/e/9780312423827 |date=2011-06-07 }} at Barnes &amp; Noble.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://advanced.jhu.edu/directory/zakes-mda/|title=Zakes Mda|website=Johns Hopkins University|language=en|access-date=26 July 2021|archive-date=26 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726135249/https://advanced.jhu.edu/directory/zakes-mda/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Mda memba ne wanda ya kafa kuma (kamar na 2011) yana aiki a kan kwamitin ba da shawara na [[African Writers Trust]], &lt;ref name=&quot;AWT-board&quot;&gt;[http://www.africanwriterstrust.org/advisory-board &quot;Advisory Board&quot;], African Writers Trust. Retrieved 24 August 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;wani ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wanda ke neman daidaitawa da tattara marubutan Afirka a cikin Ƙasashen waje da marubuta a nahiyar don inganta rabawa. na fasaha da sauran albarkatu, da kuma haɓaka ilimi da koyo tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;AWT&quot;&gt;[http://www.africanwriterstrust.org &quot;What is African Writers Trust?&quot;] African Writers Trust. Retrieved 24 August 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; 

A cikin 2013, ya zama majiɓinci na Etisalat Prize for Literature (tare da [[Ama Ata Aidoo]], Dele Olojede, Ellah Allfrey, [[Margaret Busby]] da [[Kole Omotoso]] ).  

== Ayyukan adabi ==
Littafin labari na farko na Mda, ''Hanyoyi na Mutuwa'' (1995), ya faru ne a cikin shekarun rikon kwarya da suka nuna sauyin Afirka ta Kudu zuwa al'ummar dimokradiyya. Ya bi halin Toloki. Bayan ya sami kansa a cikin hali, sai ya kirkiro wata sana'a a matsayin &quot;Mai Makoki&quot;. Ya ratsa tashe-tashen hankula a cikin birni na wani birni na Afirka ta Kudu wanda ba a bayyana sunansa ba, yana samun tsohuwar soyayya a tsakanin fadan da ake yi a garuruwa da ƙauyuka .

''Zuciyar Ja'' (2000), labari na uku na Mda, an yi wahayi zuwa ga tarihin Nongqawuse, annabiya Xhosa wacce annabce-annabce suka haifar da Kisan Shanu na 1856–1857 . Al'adun Xhosa ya rabu tsakanin Muminai da Kafirai, suna ƙara wa halin da ake ciki yanzu, yunwa da rugujewar zamantakewa. An yi imanin cewa mutane 20,000 ne suka mutu sakamakon yunwa a lokacin. A cikin littafin labari, Mda ya ci gaba da jujjuya baya da gaba tsakanin yau da lokacin Nongqawuse don nuna hadaddun cudanya tsakanin tarihi da tatsuniyoyi. Ya nuna rashin tabbas game da makomar al'adun da ke damun alakar da ke tattare da mulkin mallaka na Daular, da kuma nasu ƙungiyoyin farar hula, na barazanar kashe gidansu na Qolorha-by-Sea.

Labarin Mda na Kisan Shanu ya zana sosai akan na ɗan tarihi Jeff Peires a cikin littafinsa ''The Dead Will Tashi'' (Mda ya yarda da wannan a farkon littafinsa). Kamar Peires, Mda ya bayyana Mhlkaza, kawun Nongqawuse kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƴan wasa a cikin taron, tare da William Goliath, mutumin Xhosa na farko da ya yi baftisma a cocin Anglican.

Littafin Mda's 2011, ''Wani lokaci Akwai Wuta'', ''[[New York Times|The New York Times]]'' ya bayyana a matsayin &quot;mai girma da kuma jujjuya memoir&quot;: &quot;Kaddara ta farko, sannan zabi, sun sifanta Mda a matsayin baƙo na dindindin wanda wani ɓangare na al'ummomin uku ne - Lesotho, Afirka ta Kudu da Amurka - wadanda suka zama gidajensa na wucin gadi - Ya rubuta daga cikin mummunan makomar gudun hijirar, yana mai yarda cewa rayuwar da aka tumbuke tana kawo sabbin ra'ayoyi amma a kan tsadar tsoro na rashin daidaituwa na ciki. Duk da haka, kamar yadda tarihin rayuwarsa ya bayyana., a kan mataki da kuma a kan shafin Mda ya sami wani nau'i na ci gaba daban-daban ta hanyar ci gaba da kasancewa na haƙƙin mallaka. na dawo gida.&quot; 

A ranar 8 ga Yuni 2012, Mda ya sami digiri na girmamawa na Jami'ar Cape Town saboda gudunmawarsa ga adabi na duniya. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.uct.ac.za/mondaypaper/?id=9193 &quot;Honorary docs for two&quot;], University of Cape Town, 8 June 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Doctoral&quot;&gt;[http://www.uct.ac.za Doctoral acceptance speech] live broadcast from UCT Website on 8 June 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; An fassara litattafansa zuwa harsuna 21, fassarar ''Hanyoyin Mutuwa'' zuwa Turkanci shine na baya-bayan nan.

== Littafi Mai Tsarki ==

* (1977) ''Sabon Rubutun Afirka ta Kudu''
* (1979) ''Za mu yi waƙa don Uban ƙasa''
* (1979) ''Matattu''
* (1979) ''Zoben Dark''
* (1980) ''Dutsen''
* (1982) ''An haramta: Wasa don Rediyo''
* (1982) ''Gobarar bazara''
* (1986) ''Bits of Debris: The Poetry of Zakes Mda''
* (1988) ''Da ’yan mata a cikin Rigunansu na Lahadi''
* (1989) ''Murnar Yaki''
* (1990) ''Wasannin Zakes Mda''
* (1991) ''Labarin Soyayya na Nun''
* (1992) ''Dandalin Soho''
* (1993) ''Lokacin da mutane ke wasa da mutane''
* (1993) ''Da ‘Yan Mata A Rigunansu na Lahadi: Ayyuka Hudu''
* (1995) ''Hanyoyin Mutuwa''
* (1995) ''Ta Yi Wasa Da Duhu''
* (1998) ''Melville 67''
* (2000) ''[[The Heart of Redness|Zuciyar Ja]]''
* (2002) ''Madonna na Excelsior''
* (2002) ''Wawaye, Kararrawa da Muhimmancin Ci: Satires Uku''
* (2005) ''Mai kiran Whale''
* (2007) ''Ciwon''
* (2009) ''Black Diamond''
* (2011) ''Wani lokaci Akwai Wuta: Memoirs na wani waje''
* (2012) ''Uwargidanmu ta Benoni''
* (2013) ''Masu Sculptors na Mapungubwe''
* (2014) ''Rachel's Blue''
* (2015) ''Ƙananan Rana''
* (2019) ''Zulus na New York''
* (2021) ''Wakokin Yan Tafiya''

== Kyauta ==

* 1978: Amstel Playwright of the Year Award, lambar yabo ta musamman don ''Za Mu Waƙa don Ƙasar Uba.''{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2018}}&lt;/link&gt;
* 1979: Amstel Playwright of the Year Award, wanda ya yi nasara ga ''The Hill''{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2018}}&lt;/link&gt;
* 1997: Kyautar Littafin M-Net, ''Hanyoyin Mutuwa''{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2018}}&lt;/link&gt;
* 2001: Kyautar Marubuta ta Commonwealth: Afirka, ''Zuciyar Ja'' 
* 2001: Kyautar Legacy na Hurston-Wright, ''Zuciyar Ja''{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2018}}&lt;/link&gt;
* 2001: Kyautar Almara &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwsw&quot;&gt;na Lahadi Times&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ''Zuciyar Ja'' 
* 2004: Manyan Littattafai goma na Afirka ta Kudu da aka buga a cikin Decade of Democracy, ''The Madonna of Excelsior''{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2018}}&lt;/link&gt;
* 2017: Barry Ronge Fiction Prize, ''Ƙananan Suns'' 

== Duba kuma ==

* Lecture na Tunawa da Steve Biko na Shekara-shekara
* Flaxman Qoopane

== Nassoshi ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1948]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zina Hidouri</title>
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'''Zina Hidouri''' (Arabic) tsohuwar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Tunisia . Ta taka leda a matsayin mai gaba kuma ta jagoranci tawagar mata ta Tunisia.

== Ayyukan kulob din ==
Hidouri ya buga wa Tunis Air Club da AS Banque de l'Habitat wasa a Tunisia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.ftf.org.tn/evenement_details.php?code=140&amp;evenement=955 |title=Equipe Nationale Féminine Seniors Stage du 17 au 21/10/2011 |access-date=24 March 2024 |archive-date=29 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111029060900/http://www.ftf.org.tn/evenement_details.php?code=140&amp;evenement=955 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablest/tun-wom2013.html|title=Tunisia (Women) 2012/13|website=rsssf|accessdate=8 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kasa da kasa ==
Hidouri ta buga wa Tunisia a babban matakin a lokacin gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka biyu (2012 da 2014).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.maghress.com/fr/lopinion/23397|website=Maghress|title=Football féminin : Eliminatoires - Championnat d'Afrique « aller » (Guinée Equatoriale 2012)|language=fr|date=16 January 2012|accessdate=9 August 2021|archive-date=24 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524234351/https://www.maghress.com/fr/lopinion/23397|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Manufofin kasa da kasa ===
''Sakamakon da sakamakon sun lissafa burin Tunisia na farko''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!A'a.
!Ranar
!Wurin da ake ciki
!Abokin hamayya
!Sakamakon
!Sakamakon
!Gasar
!Tabbacin.
|-
|{{Center|1}}
|14 Fabrairu 2014
|Cibiyar Horar da Al Ahly, 6th Oktoba City, Misira
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{Fbw|EGY}}
|{{Center|'''1'''–0}}
|{{Center|3–0}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |cancantar gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2014
|
|-
|{{Center|2}}
|1 ga Maris 2014
|Filin wasa na 15 ga Oktoba, Bizerte, Tunisia
|{{Center|'''2'''–1}}
|{{Center|2–2}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;CAF&quot;&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Webarchive template wayback links]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zakaria El Azzouzi</title>
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'''Zakaria El Azzouzi''' ( {{Lang-ar|زكريا العزوزي}}  ; an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 1996) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin gaba . &lt;ref name=&quot;soccerway&quot;&gt;{{Soccerway|zakaria-el-azzouzi/381093}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kulob ==
An haifi El Azzouzi a [[Rotterdam]] . Shi matashi ne daga AFC Ajax . Ya yi wasansa na farko na ƙwararru a 21 ga Agusta 2015 tare da Jong Ajax da NAC Breda . Ya buga cikakken wasan, rashin nasara da ci 3-0. &lt;ref name=&quot;soccerway2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=NAC Breda vs. Jong Ajax - 21 August 2015 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/08/21/netherlands/eerste-divisie/nac-bv/jong-ajax/2039576/ |access-date=2015-08-22 |publisher=soccerway.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 22 ga Janairu 2016, an aika El Azzouzi a matsayin aro zuwa FC Twente na sauran kakar wasa &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ad.nl/eredivisie/fc-twente-huurt-ajax-aanvaller-el-azzouzi~a8df42b4/ FC Twente huurt Ajax-aanvaller El Azzouzi] - AD {{In lang|nl}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya shiga sabuwar haɓakar Sparta akan aro don kakar 2016-17. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.vi.nl/nieuws/sparta-rotterdam-huurt-el-azzouzi-van-ajax.htm Sparta Rotterdam huurt El Azzouzi van Ajax] - Voetbal International {{In lang|nl}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya kasance ba tare da kulob ba bayan an rushe kwantiraginsa da Ajax a watan Disamba 2018. 

A ranar 7 ga Maris 2019, El Azzouzi ya rattaba hannu kan kwangilar watanni shida tare da zaɓi na ƙarin shekara tare da Emmen bayan kasancewa wakili na kyauta na watanni biyu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 March 2019 |title=Welkom, Zakaria El Azzouzi! – FC Emmen |url=https://fcemmen.nl/welkom-zakaria-el-azzouzi/ |website=FC Emmen |language=nl}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai kungiyar ta kasa yi masa rijista, wanda hakan ke nufin bai buga wasa a hukumance ba a lokacin da ya ke kungiyar. 

A ranar 20 ga Yuni 2019, Volendam ya ba da sanarwar cewa sun sanya hannu kan El Azzouzi a matsayin sabon ƙari na farko kafin kakar 2019-20. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 June 2019 |title=Zakaria El Azzouzi kiest voor FC Volendam |url=https://fcvolendam.nl/nieuws/zakaria-el-azzouzi-kiest-voor-fc-volendam/ |website=FC Volendam |language=nl}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu tare da zaɓi na wani shekara. A lokacin da ba a hukumance halarta a karon, a kan 6 Yuli a kan Hoofdklasse kulob din VPV Purmersteijn, shi ma ya zira kwallo ta farko a kulob din. 

== Ayyukan kasa da kasa ==
An haifi El Azzouzi a cikin Netherlands ga iyayen zuriyar Moroccan. Ya wakilci Maroko a gasar cin kofin Afrika na U-17 a 2013 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 April 2013 |title=CAN U 17 : La liste du Maroc |url=http://www.africatopsports.com/2013/04/07/can-u-17-la-liste-du-maroc/ }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 17 ga Mayu, 2016, kocin kasar Hervé Renard ya kira El Azzouzi don buga wasan motsa jiki na kasa da kasa da DR Congo (Mayu 27) da kuma wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika da Libya (3 ga Yuni). Ga El Azzouzi, wannan shi ne karo na farko da ya kasance cikin tawagar kasar Morocco. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016-05-17 |title=Bouy en El Azzouzi debuteren in Marokkaanse selectie |url=https://www.vi.nl/nieuws/bouy-en-el-azzouzi-debuteren-in-marokkaanse-selectie |access-date=2024-03-26 |website=Voetbal International |language=nl}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
A ranar 12 ga Maris 2015, lokacin da El Azzouzi ya taka leda a makarantar horar da matasa ta Ajax, an kama shi tare da abokan wasansa Samet Bulut da Aschraf El Mahdioui saboda cin zarafin wata 'yar sanda sanye da kayan aiki. Jami’in ya samu raunuka a kafadarsa da raunuka iri-iri. Daga baya ta shigar da kara a kan ‘yan wasan uku. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=van Sluis |first=Hilbert |date=13 March 2015 |title=Jeugdspelers Ajax mishandelen agente |url=https://www.metronieuws.nl/in-het-nieuws/2015/03/jeugdspelers-ajax-mishandelen-agente/ |access-date=11 September 2020 |publisher=[[Metro International]] |language=nl}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwana guda bayan haka, Ajax ta sanar a wani sako a hukumance cewa ta dakatar da 'yan wasan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 March 2015 |title=Ajax schorst jeugdspelers na mogelijke mishandeling |url=https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/4010244/ajax-schorst-jeugdspelers-mogelijke-mishandeling.html |access-date=11 September 2020 |publisher=NU.nl |language=nl}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya a wancan makon, El Azzouzi ya kasance kadai ake zargi a cikin lamarin. Duk da haka, an ba su damar sake buga wa ƙungiyar matasa Ajax A1 bayan dakatarwar wata guda. A matsayin hukunci, dole ne ya sanar da matasan 'yan wasan Ajax tare da Bulut da El Mahdioui. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 March 2015 |title=Ajax houdt geschorste talenten binnenboord |url=https://www.vi.nl/nieuws/ajax-houdt-geschorste-talenten-binnenboord- |access-date=11 September 2020 |publisher=[[Voetbal International]] |language=nl}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.telegraaf.nl/telesport/voetbal/ajax/23811206/__Ajax_laat_A-junioren_blijven__.html#voetbal/298/fixtures/ Ajax laat A-junioren blijven] - Telegraaf {{In lang|nl}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1996]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ƙungiyar Ka'idoji ta Najeriya</title>
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[[Fayil:Logo of Nigerian Association of Resident Doctor(NARD).jpg|thumb|nigerian association]]
'''Ƙungiyar ƙa'idoji ta Najeriya''' ita ce babbar ƙungiya mai alhakin daidaitawa da daidaita inganci dukkan kayayyaki a Najeriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=About SONCAP |url=http://www.exports-to-nigeria.com/en/about |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=Cotecna Nigeria |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka da umarni ==
Ayyukan SON sun haɗa da amma ba a iyakance su ba, ga wasu kamar haka: &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=About SON - Nigeria Trade Portal |url=https://trade.gov.ng/en/custom-pages/about-son |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=Nigeria Customs Service |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230219225547/https://trade.gov.ng/en/custom-pages/about-son |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

* tabbatar da kayayyaki
* samar da manufofi don samar da ingancin kayayyaki da aiyuka
* kimanta ayyukan tabbatar da inganci, gami da takaddun shaida na tsarin, samfuran da dakunan gwaje-gwaje a duk faɗin Najeriya
* tsarawa, amincewa da bayyana ka'idoji dangane da metrology, kayan aiki, kayayyaki, tsari da matakai.
* tabbatar da kayayyakin kasuwanci da masana'antu a duk faɗin Najeriya
* yin rajista da daidaita alamomi da ƙayyadaddun bayanai da sauransu.
* binciken ingancin samfurin
* aiwatar da ka'idoji da kuma hukunta masu karya doka
* tattara kayayyaki a Najeriya da ke buƙatar daidaitawa
* saka idanu kan daidaitattun kayayyakin shigo da fitarwa
* inganta daidaito na ma'auni da yaduwar bayanai da suka shafi ka'idoji

== Kafawa ==
An kafa SON a ƙarƙashin Dokar Enabling Number 56 na Disambar shekara ta 1971, koda yake ya fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairu, shekarar 1970. An yi wa Dokar gyare-gyare sau uku: Dokar Lamba 20 ta shekarar 1976, Dokar Lamba 32 ta shekarar 1984 da Dokar Lamba 18 ta shekarar 1990.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=SON |url=https://www.iso.org/member/1982.html |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=ISO |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; SON memba ne na Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya don daidaitawa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Justice |date=2022-02-25 |title=Full Information about Standards Organisation of Nigeria (SON) |url=https://pharmchoices.com/info-about-standards-organisation-of-nigeria-son/ |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=pharmchoices.com |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi ==

* A bikin cika shekaru 50 na hukumar, Darakta Janar na Ƙungiyar ya ba da sanarwar cewa hukumar ta karɓi ƙa'idodin masana'antu na Najeriya 213 don sanya yaduwar samfuran karya a cikin tantancewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Okogba |first=Emmanuel |date=2022-11-24 |title=SON approves over 168 new standards in two years |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/11/son-approves-over-168-new-standards-in-two-years/ |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Kungiyar Duniya]]
[[Rukuni:Kungiyoyin]]</text>
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    <title>Abimbola Abass Adebakin</title>
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'''Abimbola Adebakin''' (an haife ta Abimbola Abass) ita ce shugabar kasuwanci kuma likitan magani a Najeriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 June 2020 |title=My Life in Tech: Abimbola Adebakin on activating the potency of Nigeria's pharmaceutical industry through technology |url=https://techcabal.com/2020/06/24/my-life-in-tech-abimbola-adebakin/ |website=Tech Cabal}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugaba na Advantage Health Africa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How Social entrepreneurs in Africa are building inclusive health solutions |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/06/how-supporting-social-entrepreneurs-can-help-combat-health-inequality/ |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=World Economic Forum |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Abimbola a baya ya kasance Babban Jami'in Ayyuka na [[Gidauniyar Tony Elumelu]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Elumelu Challenges Entrepreneurs On Mentorship – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/04/30/elumelu-challenges-entrepreneurs-on-mentorship/ |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2021, an sanar da ita a matsayin mai cin nasara na Bayer Foundation Women Empowerment Award &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Delivering medicines at the doorstep of urban and rural Nigerians |url=https://www.bayer-foundation.com/news-stories/social-innovation/delivering-medicines-doorstep-urban-and-rural-nigerians |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=Bayer Foundation |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; da Google's Black Founders Fund . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Endurance |first=Okafor |date=2021-10-11 |title=myMedicines makes list of 26 Nigerian startups to win Google's $3m Black Founders Fund |url=https://businessday.ng/companies/article/mymedicines-makes-list-of-26-nigerian-startups-to-win-googles-3m-black-founders-fund/ |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kasance Mutumin Shekara na [[YNaija]] a shekarar 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-12-31 |title=YNaija |url=https://ynaija.com/ynaija-com-person-of-the-year/ |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=YNaija |language=en-GB |archive-date=2022-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930050825/https://ynaija.com/ynaija-com-person-of-the-year/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya kuma kasance a cikin jerin sunayen 20 na [[Jack Ma]]'s Africa's Business Heroes na shekarar alif dubu biyu da a shirin da biyu 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-09-09 |title=Adebakin's, Aderinoye's road to global entrepreneurial stage The Nation Newspaper |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/adebakins-aderinoyes-road-to-global-entrepreneurial-stage/ |access-date=2022-09-29 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Yarbawa]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:Fire Country logo.png|thumb|tutar kasan wuta]]
Fire Country jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin ne na wasan kwaikwayo na [[Amurka ta Kudu|Amurka]] wanda Max Thieriot, Tony Phelan da Joan Rater suka kirkira don CBS, tare da Thieriot .  An fara jerin ne a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2022. A ranar 6 ga Janairu, 2023, an sabunta jerin don kakar wasa ta biyu, wanda aka fara a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2024. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2024, an sabunta jerin don kakar wasa ta uku.

Jerin ya fito ne daga Jerry Bruckheimer Television da CBS Studios.

== Farko ==
[[Fayil:Oregon Country Fair Fire Groove.jpg|thumb|Wasan Yan Kasar wuta]]
Bode Donovan matashi ne mai laifi tare da rikice-rikice na baya. Da fatan ya fanshe kansa kuma ya rage hukuncinsa na kurkuku, ya ba da gudummawa ga Shirin Tsaro na California wanda fursunoni ke taimakawa Ma'aikatar Kula da dazuzzuka da Wutar Lantarki ta California, wanda aka sani da Cal Fire .  Ya ƙare an sanya shi a garinsu a Arewacin California inda dole ne ya yi aiki tare da tsoffin abokai, wasu fursunoni, da manyan masu kashe gobara da ke kashe manyan gobarar da ke addabar yankin.

== Masu ba da labari ==

=== Hannun hannu ===

* Max Thieriot a matsayin Bode Donovan (aka Bode Leone), wani fursuna mai kashe gobara da ke neman fansa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=May 14, 2022 |title=Double Duty: 'Fire Country' Star Max Thieriot Will Return To 'SEAL Team' For Season 6 |url=https://deadline.com/2022/05/max-thieriot-star-seal-team-season-6-fire-country-season-1-1235023753/ |access-date=March 20, 2023 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Kevin Alejandro a matsayin Manny Perez, mahaifin Gabriela kuma mai kashe gobara na Cal, tsohon Kyaftin na Three Rock.
* Jordan Calloway a matsayin Jake Crawford, tsohon saurayi na Riley da Gabriela, mai kashe gobara na Cal, yanzu Station 42 Kyaftin.
* Stephanie Arcila a matsayin Gabriela Perez, 'yar Manny, mai kashe gobara da likitan lafiya.
* Jules Latimer a matsayin Hauwa'u Edwards, aboki mafi kyau na Bode &amp; Jake, kuma mai kashe gobara na Cal Fire, yanzu Kyaftin na Three Rock.
* Diane Farr a matsayin Sharon Leone, mahaifiyar Bode da Riley, matar Vince kuma mai kashe gobara na Cal Fire, tsohon Sashen Cif.
* Billy Burke a matsayin Vince Leone, mahaifin Bode da Riley, mijin Sharon da kuma Cal Fire Battalion Chief.

=== Sauye-sauye ===

* W. Tré Davis a matsayin Freddy &quot;Goat&quot; Mills, mai kashe gobara kuma abokin Bode.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Framke |first=Caroline |date=October 4, 2022 |title='Fire Country,' CBS' New Drama About Incarcerated Firefighters, Has Some Style, but Its Bravado Is Predictable: TV Review |url=https://variety.com/2022/tv/reviews/fire-country-review-1235388703/ |access-date=January 29, 2023 |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  (Lokaci na 1, Baƙo Season 2) 
* Michael Trucco a matsayin Luke Leone, ɗan'uwan Vince kuma Babban Battalion na Cal Fire.
* Jade Pettyjohn a matsayin Riley Leone, 'yar Vince da Sharon da ta mutu, ƙanwar Bode kuma abokiyar Hauwa'u mafi kyau.  (Lokaci na 1) 
* Fiona Rene a matsayin Rebecca Lee, mace mai zaman kanta kuma tsohon lauya.  (Lokaci na 1) 
* Sabina Gadecki a matsayin Cara, tsohuwar budurwa ta Bode kuma mai son jinya ta ER.  (Lokaci 1-2) 
* Afrilu Amber Telek a matsayin Babban Jami'in Wutar Lantarki Dolly Burnet, kawun Bode.  (Lokaci na 1) 
* Aaron Pearl a matsayin Babban Jami'in Wutar Lantarki mai ritaya Paulie Burnett, kawun Bode.  (Lokaci na 1) 
* Zach Tinker a matsayin Collin O'Reilly / Alex Shawcross, mai kashe gobara.  (Lokaci na 1) &lt;ref name=&quot;ZackT&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cordero |first=Rosy |date=January 27, 2023 |title='Fire Country' Adds Zach Tinker To Season 1 Cast |url=https://deadline.com/2023/01/fire-country-zach-tinker-season-1-cast-1235242755/ |access-date=January 27, 2023 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Katrina Reynolds a matsayin Cookie, budurwa ta Freddy.  (Lokaci na 1) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Rebecca |date=January 21, 2023 |title=Fire Country Episode 12 Preview: Photos, Cast, and Plot |url=https://www.showbizjunkies.com/tv/fire-country-episode-12/ |access-date=January 29, 2023 |website=ShowbizJunkies}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Karen LeBlanc a matsayin Dokta Lilly Crawford, mahaifiyar Jake kuma likitan zuciya a LA.  (Lokaci na 1) 
* Barclay Hope a matsayin Uba David Pascal .  (Lokaci 1-2) 
* Rebecca Mader a matsayin Faye Stone, Shugaba kuma wanda ya kafa kamfanin kashe gobara mai zaman kansa, Nozzle .  (Lokaci na 1) &lt;ref name=&quot;RebeccaMandKanoa&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=March 13, 2023 |title='Fire Country': Rebecca Mader Joins Cast Of CBS Drama Series As Recurring |url=https://deadline.com/2023/03/fire-country-rebecca-mader-cast-cbs-drama-series-kanoa-goo-1235285232/ |access-date=March 13, 2023 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Kanoa Goo a matsayin Kyle, abokiyar Gabriela mai nutsewa.  (Lokaci na 1) [4]&lt;ref name=&quot;RebeccaMandKanoa&quot; /&gt;
* Crystal Balint a matsayin Erika Snow, Mataimakin Cif na Cal Fire.  (Lokaci na 1) 
* Riley Davis a matsayin Troy Elliott matashi mai kashe gobara.  (Lokaci na 1) 
* Rafael de la Fuente a matsayin Diego Moreno, likitan Cal Fire.  (Lokaci na 2) &lt;ref name=&quot;RafaeldlF&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mitovich |first=Matt Webb |date=December 13, 2023 |title=''Fire Country'' Adds Rafael de la Fuente for Season 2 — Should Bode Be Worried? (Exclusive) |url=https://tvline.com/casting-news/fire-country-season-2-rafael-de-la-fuente-cast-gabriela-instructor-1235098134/ |access-date=December 13, 2023 |website=TVLine}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Tye White a matsayin Cole Rodman, tsohon mayaƙan MMA wanda shine abokin tantanin Bode.  (Lokaci na 2) 
* Jason O'Mara a matsayin Liam, kyakkyawa mai kashe gobara wanda tsohon abokin aikin Sharon ne.  (Lokaci na 2) 
* Alix West Lefler a matsayin Genevieve, 'yar Cara.
* Catherine Lough Haggquist a matsayin Gwamna Kelly .  (Lokaci na 2) 

'''Baƙi'''

* Kane Brown a matsayin Robin, mai tsalle-tsalle na jirgin kasa wanda ke taimakawa Cal Fire tare da wadanda hatsarin jirgin kasa ya shafa.  (Lokaci na 1) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 28, 2023 |title=See Kane Brown's Acting Debut Unfold Through a Series of Fiery Photos |url=https://countrynow.com/see-kane-browns-acting-debut-unfold-through-a-series-of-fiery-photos/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Morena Baccarin a matsayin Mickey Fox, Sergeant na Sheriff na Edgewater County kuma Sheriff mai shekaru goma sha biyar a kan aikin, wanda ya san kowane bangare na Edgewater da mazaunanta. Ita ce 'yar'uwar Sharon. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=January 23, 2024 |title=Morena Baccarin To Headline 'Fire Country' Spinoff In Works At CBS |url=https://deadline.com/2024/01/morena-baccarin-star-fire-country-sheriff-spinoff-cbs-1235801140/ |access-date=January 24, 2024 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Paola Núñez a matsayin Roberta, mahaifiyar Gabriela da tsohuwar matar Manny.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mitovich |first=Matt Webb |date=March 6, 2024 |title=Fire Country Casts House of Usher's Paola Núñez as Gabriela's Mother (Exclusive) |url=https://tvline.com/casting-news/fire-country-gabriela-mother-paola-nunez-season-2-wedding-1235180111/ |access-date=March 7, 2024 |website=TVLine |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Abubuwan da suka faru ==

=== Bayani na jerin ===
{{Series overview|color1=#8F0000|link1=#Season 1 (2022–23)|episodes1=22|start1={{Start date|2022|10|7}}|end1={{End date|2023|5|19}}|color2=#85454E|link2=#Season 2 (2024)|episodes2=10|start2={{Start date|2024|2|16}}|end2={{End date|2024|5|17}}}}

=== Lokacin 1 (2022-23) ===
{{Episode table|background=#8F0000|overall=5|season=5|title=18|titleR=|director=14|writer=24|airdate=|airdateR=|country=U.S.|viewers=|episodes={{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 1
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 1
 |Title           = Pilot
 |DirectedBy      = [[James Strong (director)|James Strong]]
 |WrittenBy       = {{StoryTeleplay|t=[[Joan Rater]] &amp; [[Tony Phelan]]|s=Joan Rater &amp; Tony Phelan &amp; [[Max Thieriot]]|tfirst=y}}
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|7}}
 |Viewers         = 5.91&lt;ref name=&quot;1.01&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-10-7-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 10.7.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=October 10, 2022|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|access-date=October 10, 2022|archive-date=June 28, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628121211/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-10-7-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 2
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 2
 |Title           = The Fresh Prince of Edgewater
 |DirectedBy      = [[Dermott Downs]]
 |WrittenBy       = Natalia Fernàndez
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|14}}
 |Viewers         = 5.80&lt;ref name=&quot;1.02&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-10-14-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 10.14.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=October 17, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=October 17, 2022|archive-date=October 17, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017200850/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-10-14-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 3
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 3
 |Title           = Where There's Smoke...
 |DirectedBy      = [[Eagle Egilsson]]
 |WrittenBy       = David Gould
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|21}}
 |Viewers         = 5.26&lt;ref name=&quot;1.03&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-10-21-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 10.21.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=October 24, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=October 24, 2022|archive-date=October 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024200619/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-10-21-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 4
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 4
 |Title           = Work, Don't Worry
 |DirectedBy      = Jacquie Gould
 |WrittenBy       = Tonya Kong
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|28}}
 |Viewers         = 5.30&lt;ref name=&quot;1.04&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-10-28-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 10.28.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=October 31, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=October 31, 2022|archive-date=October 31, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031205230/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-10-28-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 5
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 5
 |Title           = Get Some, Be Safe
 |DirectedBy      = Gonzalo Amat
 |WrittenBy       = Barbara Kaye Friend
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|4}}
 |Viewers         = 5.53&lt;ref name=&quot;1.05&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-11-4-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 11.4.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=November 7, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=November 7, 2022|archive-date=October 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022142433/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-11-4-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 6 
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 6
 |Title           = Like Old Times
 |DirectedBy      = Erica Watson
 |WrittenBy       = Sara Casey &amp; Manuel Herrera
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|18}}
 |Viewers         = 5.47&lt;ref name=&quot;1.06&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-11-18-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 11.18.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=November 21, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=November 21, 2022|archive-date=October 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022140934/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-11-18-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 7
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 7
 |Title           = Happy to Help
 |DirectedBy      = Antonio Negret
 |WrittenBy       = Dwain Worrell
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|2}}
 |Viewers         = 5.46&lt;ref name=&quot;1.07&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-12-2-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 12.2.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=December 5, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=December 5, 2022|archive-date=October 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022135244/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-12-2-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 8
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 8
 |Title           = Bad Guy
 |DirectedBy      = [[Kevin Alejandro]]
 |WrittenBy       = Tia Napolitano
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|9}}
 |Viewers         = 5.59&lt;ref name=&quot;1.08&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-12-9-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 12.9.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=December 12, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=December 12, 2022|archive-date=December 13, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213001108/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-12-9-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 9
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 9
 |Title           = No Good Deed
 |DirectedBy      = [[Sarah Wayne Callies]]
 |WrittenBy       = Tia Napolitano &amp; Julia Fontana
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|1|6}}
 |Viewers         = 6.57&lt;ref name=&quot;1.09&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-1-6-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 1.6.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=January 9, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=January 9, 2023|archive-date=October 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022131617/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-1-6-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 10
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 10
 |Title           = Get Your Hopes Up
 |DirectedBy      = Laura Nisbet Peters
 |WrittenBy       = Natalia Fernàndez
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|1|13}}
 |Viewers         = 5.95&lt;ref name=&quot;1.10&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-1-13-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 1.13.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=January 17, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=January 17, 2023|archive-date=October 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022130949/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-1-13-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 11
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 11
 |Title           = Mama Bear
 |DirectedBy      = Anton L. Cropper
 |WrittenBy       = David Gould
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|1|20}}
 |Viewers         = 6.10&lt;ref name=&quot;1.11&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-1-20-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 1.20.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=January 23, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=January 23, 2023|archive-date=March 10, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240310143208/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-1-20-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 12
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 12
 |Title           = Two Pink Lines
 |DirectedBy      = Dermott Downs
 |WrittenBy       = Joan Rater &amp; Tony Phelan
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|1|29}}
 |Viewers         = 10.08&lt;ref name=&quot;1.12&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-sunday-1-29-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Sunday 1.29.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|work=Showbuzz Daily|first=Mitch|last=Salem|date=January 31, 2023|access-date=January 31, 2023|archive-date=February 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201001135/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-sunday-1-29-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = '''Note''': This episode aired after CBS's broadcast of the [[2022 AFC Championship Game|AFC Championship Game]]. &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 13
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 13
 |Title           = You Know Your Dragon Best
 |DirectedBy      = [[Marie Jamora]]
 |WrittenBy       = Tia Napolitano &amp; Barbara Kaye Friend
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|2|3}}
 |Viewers         = 6.37&lt;ref name=&quot;1.13&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-2-3-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 2.3.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=February 6, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=February 6, 2023|archive-date=October 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022124208/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-2-3-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 14
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 14
 |Title           = A Fair to Remember
 |DirectedBy      = Kantú Lentz
 |WrittenBy       = Sara Casey &amp; Manuel Herrera
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|2|10}}
 |Viewers         = 6.49&lt;ref name=&quot;1.14&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-2-10-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 2.10.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=February 13, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=February 13, 2023|archive-date=February 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213214106/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-2-10-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 15
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 15
 |Title           = False Promises
 |DirectedBy      = C. Chi-Yoon Chung
 |WrittenBy       = Natalia Fernàndez
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|3|3}}
 |Viewers         = 6.00&lt;ref name=&quot;1.15&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-3-3-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 3.3.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=March 6, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=March 6, 2023|archive-date=March 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306211811/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-3-3-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 16
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 16
 |Title           = My Kinda Leader
 |DirectedBy      = Eagle Egilsson
 |WrittenBy       = Dwain Worrell
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|3|10}}
 |Viewers         = 5.59&lt;ref name=&quot;1.16&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-3-10-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 3.10.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=March 13, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=March 13, 2023|archive-date=March 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313202010/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-3-10-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 17
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 17
 |Title           = A Cry for Help
 |DirectedBy      = Gonzalo Amat
 |WrittenBy       = Julia Fontana
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|3|31}}
 |Viewers         = 5.27&lt;ref name=&quot;1.17&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-3-31-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 3.31.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=April 3, 2023|access-date=April 3, 2023|archive-date=April 4, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404052202/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-3-31-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 18
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 18
 |Title           = Off the Rails
 |DirectedBy      = Bill Purple
 |WrittenBy       = Tia Napolitano &amp; David Gould
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|4|7}}
 |Viewers         = 6.09&lt;ref name=&quot;1.18&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-4-7-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 4.7.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=April 10, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=April 10, 2023|archive-date=April 10, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410232821/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-4-7-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 19
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 19
 |Title           = Watch Your Step
 |DirectedBy      = Lisa Demaine
 |WrittenBy       = Joelle Garfinkel
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|4|21}}
 |Viewers         = 5.82&lt;ref name=&quot;1.19&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-4-21-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 4.21.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=April 24, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=April 24, 2023|archive-date=April 25, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425114822/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-4-21-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 20
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 20
 |Title           = At the End of My Rope
 |DirectedBy      = Joy Lane
 |WrittenBy       = Julia Fontana &amp; Barbara Kaye Friend
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|5|5}}
 |Viewers         = 5.32&lt;ref name=&quot;1.20&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-5-5-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 5.5.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=May 8, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=May 8, 2023|archive-date=May 8, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508213327/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-5-5-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 21
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 21
 |Title           = Backfire
 |DirectedBy      = Max Thieriot
 |WrittenBy       = David Gould
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|5|12}}
 |Viewers         = 5.06&lt;ref name=&quot;1.21&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-5-12-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 5.12.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=May 15, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=May 15, 2023|archive-date=May 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515202551/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-5-12-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 22
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 22
 |Title           = I Know It Feels Impossible
 |DirectedBy      = Dermott Downs
 |WrittenBy       = Tia Napolitano
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|5|19}}
 |Viewers         = 5.32&lt;ref name=&quot;1.22&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-5-19-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Friday 5.19.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals &amp; Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=May 22, 2023|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=May 22, 2023|archive-date=May 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522210823/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-friday-5-19-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = &lt;!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --&gt;
 |LineColor       = 8F0000
}}}}

=== Lokaci na 2 (2024) ===
{{Episode table|background=#85454E|overall=5|season=5|title=18|titleR=&lt;ref name=&quot;TFC&quot;/&gt;|director=14|writer=24|airdate=|airdateR=&lt;ref name=&quot;TFC&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Shows A-Z – Fire Country on CBS|url=http://www.thefutoncritic.com/showatch/fire-country/listings/|website=[[The Futon Critic]]|access-date=April 15, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;|country=U.S.|viewers=|episodes={{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 23
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 1
 |Title           = Something's Coming
 |DirectedBy      = Bill Purple
 |WrittenBy       = Tia Napolitano
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2024|2|16}}
 |Viewers         = 5.71&lt;ref name=&quot;2.01&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/friday-ratings-cbs-earns-prime-time-total-viewer-victory-with-drama-returns-s-w-a-t-7th-season-opener-up-from-season-six-average/|title=Friday Ratings: CBS Earns Prime Time Total Viewer Victory with Drama Returns, 'S.W.A.T.' 7th Season Opener Up from Season Six Average|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=February 19, 2024|access-date=February 21, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = 
 |LineColor       = 85454E
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 24
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 2
 |Title           = Like Breathing Again
 |DirectedBy      = [[Kevin Alejandro]]
 |WrittenBy       = Natalia Fernàndez
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2024|2|23}}
 |Viewers         = 5.23&lt;ref name=&quot;2.02&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/friday-ratings-s-w-a-t-fire-country-and-blue-bloods-continue-to-provide-cbs-the-total-viewer-win/|title=Friday Ratings: 'S.W.A.T.', 'Fire Country' and 'Blue Bloods' Continue to Provide CBS the Total Viewer Win|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=February 24, 2024|access-date=February 27, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = 
 |LineColor       = 85454E
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 25
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 3
 |Title           = See You Next Apocalypse
 |DirectedBy      = Kantú Lentz
 |WrittenBy       = Dwain Worrell
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2024|3|1}}
 |Viewers         = 5.25&lt;ref name=&quot;2.03&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/friday-ratings-cbs-and-fox-share-in-prime-time-honors/|title=Friday Ratings: CBS and Fox Share in Prime Time Honors|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=March 4, 2024|access-date=March 4, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = 
 |LineColor       = 85454E
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 26
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 4
 |Title           = Too Many Unknowns
 |DirectedBy      = Nicole Rubio
 |WrittenBy       = Barbara Kaye Friend
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2024|3|15}}
 |Viewers         = 5.06&lt;ref name=&quot;2.04&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/friday-ratings-espn-fox-and-big-ten-network-air-evenings-top-mens-basketball-conference-tournament-games/|title=Friday Ratings: ESPN, Fox and Big Ten Network Air Evening's Top Men's Basketball Conference Tournament Games|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=March 18, 2024|access-date=March 18, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = 
 |LineColor       = 85454E
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 27
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 5
 |Title           = This Storm Will Pass
 |DirectedBy      = [[Eagle Egilsson]]
 |WrittenBy       = David Gould
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2024|4|5}}
 |Viewers         = 4.95&lt;ref name=&quot;2.05&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/friday-ratings-caitlin-clark-and-victorious-iowa-in-ncaa-womens-final-four-on-espn-fuel-new-viewership-record/|title=Friday Ratings: Caitlin Clark and Victorious Iowa in NCAA Women's Final Four on ESPN Fuel New Viewership Record|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=April 6, 2024|access-date=April 8, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = 
 |LineColor       = 85454E
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 28
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 6
 |Title           = Alert the Sheriff
 |DirectedBy      = [[Max Thieriot]]
 |WrittenBy       = {{StoryTeleplay|t=[[Joan Rater]] &amp; [[Tony Phelan]]|s=Joan Rater &amp; Tony Phelan &amp; Max Thieriot|tfirst=y}}
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2024|4|12}}
 |Viewers         = 5.05&lt;ref name=&quot;2.06&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/friday-ratings-masters-golf-second-round-on-espn-builds-from-prior-day-figures/|title=Friday Ratings: Masters Golf Second Round on ESPN Builds from Prior Day Figures|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=April 15, 2024|access-date=April 15, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = 
 |LineColor       = 85454E
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 29
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 7
 |Title           = A Hail Mary
 |DirectedBy      = [[Marie Jamora]]
 |WrittenBy       = Sara Casey &amp; Manuel Herrera
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2024|4|26}}
 |Viewers         = 5.06&lt;ref name=&quot;2.07&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/friday-ratings-nfl-draft-day-two-combined-audience-across-abc-espn-and-nfl-network-slips-from-23/|title=Friday Ratings: NFL Draft Day Two Combined Audience Across ABC, ESPN and NFL Network Slips from '23|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=April 29, 2024|access-date=April 29, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = 
 |LineColor       = 85454E
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 30
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 8
 |Title           = It's Not Over
 |DirectedBy      = Gonzalo Amat
 |WrittenBy       = India Gurley
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2024|5|3}}
 |Viewers         = 5.00&lt;ref name=&quot;2.08&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/friday-ratings-cbs-and-espn-share-prime-time-victory/|title=Friday Ratings: CBS and ESPN Share Prime Time Victory|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=May 6, 2024|access-date=May 6, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = 
 |LineColor       = 85454E
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 31
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 9
 |Title           = No Future, No Consequences
 |DirectedBy      = [[Sarah Wayne Callies]]
 |WrittenBy       = Anupam Nigam
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2024|5|10}}
 |Viewers         = 4.67&lt;ref name=&quot;2.09&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/friday-ratings-jeopardy-masters-on-abc-provides-slight-uptick-in-the-hour-among-total-viewers-for-abc/|title=Friday Ratings: 'Jeopardy! Masters' on ABC Provides Slight Uptick in the Hour Among Total Viewers for ABC|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=May 13, 2024|access-date=May 13, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = 
 |LineColor       = 85454E
}}
{{Episode list
 |EpisodeNumber   = 32
 |EpisodeNumber2  = 10
 |Title           = I Do
 |DirectedBy      = Bill Purple
 |WrittenBy       = Tia Napolitano &amp; William Harper
 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2024|5|17}}
 |Viewers         = 5.22&lt;ref name=&quot;2.10&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/friday-ratings-fire-country-on-cbs-rises-to-two-month-viewer-high-with-season-two-finale/|title=Friday Ratings: 'Fire Country' on CBS Rises to Two-Month Viewer High with Season Two Finale|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=May 20, 2024|access-date=May 20, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 |ShortSummary    = 
 |LineColor       = 85454E
}}}}

== Fitarwa ==

=== Ci gaba ===
A watan Nuwamba 2021, CBS ta ba da sanarwar cewa tana haɓaka jerin tare da Thieriot, Tony Phelan da Joan Rater, bisa ga abubuwan da Thierot ya samu yana girma a ƙasar wuta ta Arewacin California. An san jerin masu yuwuwa da suna ''Cal Fire'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;Development&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=November 21, 2021 |title='Cal Fire' Drama From Max Thieriot, Tony Phelan, Joan Rater &amp; Jerry Bruckheimer Television In Works At CBS |url=https://deadline.com/2021/11/cal-fire-drama-max-thieriot-tony-phelan-joan-rater-jerry-bruckheimer-television-cbs-1234873402/ |access-date=September 18, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Fabrairun 2022, wani matukin jirgi na jerin ya kasance mai haske.&lt;ref name=&quot;Greenlight&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=February 4, 2022 |title=CBS Orders 'Cal Fire' Drama Pilot From Max Thieriot, Tony Phelan, Joan Rater &amp; Jerry Bruckheimer TV |url=https://deadline.com/2022/02/cal-fire-cbs-drama-pilot-max-thieriot-tony-phelan-joan-rater-jerry-bruckheimer-tv-1234927008/ |access-date=September 18, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Phelan da Rater ne suka rubuta matukin jirgi, tare da Thieriot a matsayin marubuci, kuma James Strong ne ya ba da umarni. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2022, CBS ta dauki jerin, yanzu ana kiransu Fire Country . &lt;ref name=&quot;Pilot&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=May 12, 2022 |title=CBS Picks Up 3 Drama Pilots To Series, Passes On Comedy Pilots In Programming Shift |url=https://deadline.com/2022/05/cbs-orders-3-drama-pilots-series-east-new-york-fire-country-so-help-me-todd-passes-on-comedy-pilots-1235022501/ |access-date=September 18, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tia Napolitano za ta yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen.&lt;ref name=&quot;Showrunner&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=May 13, 2022 |title='Fire Country': Tia Napolitano Set As Showrunner On CBS' New Max Thieriot Drama Series |url=https://deadline.com/2022/05/fire-country-tia-napolitano-showrunner-max-thieriot-cbs-drama-series-1235021364/ |access-date=September 18, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 19 ga Oktoba, 2022, jerin sun sami cikakken umarni na kakar wasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mitovich |first=Matt Webb |date=October 19, 2022 |title=CBS' East New York, So Help Me Todd and Fire Country Get Full-Season Orders |url=https://tvline.com/2022/10/19/fire-country-full-season-order-east-new-york-so-help-me-todd/ |access-date=October 19, 2022 |website=[[TVLine]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 6 ga Janairu, 2023, CBS ta sabunta jerin don kakar wasa ta biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rice |first=Lynette |date=January 6, 2023 |title='Fire Country' Renewed For Second Season By CBS |url=https://deadline.com/2023/01/fire-country-renewed-second-season-by-cbs-1235213230/ |access-date=January 6, 2023 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 12 ga Maris, 2024, an sabunta jerin don kakar wasa ta uku.&lt;ref name=&quot;S2Renewal&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cordero |first=Rosy |date=March 12, 2024 |title='Fire Country' Scores Season 3 Renewal At CBS |url=https://deadline.com/2024/03/fire-country-season-3-renewal-cbs-1235856143/ |access-date=March 12, 2024 |website=Deadline Hollywood |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Fim ===
An fara yin fim din ne a ranar 21 ga Yuli, 2022, a [[Vancouver]], Kanada, kuma an kammala shi a ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 2023. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 14, 2023 |title=DGC BC Production List |url=https://www.dgc.ca/assets/Uploads/BritishColumbia/AvailsProductionLists/Production/Production-List.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417175415/https://www.dgc.ca/assets/Uploads/BritishColumbia/AvailsProductionLists/Production/Production-List.pdf |archive-date=April 17, 2023 |access-date=April 17, 2023 |website=[[Directors Guild of Canada]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jerin yana amfani da ƙauyen da ke kusa da Fort Langley don nuna garin Edgewater na Arewacin California.&lt;ref name=&quot;Filming&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gittins |first=Susan |date=July 21, 2022 |title=New CBS Series FIRE COUNTRY From Max Thieriot Starts Filming in Vancouver |url=http://hollywoodnorthbuzz.com/2022/07/new-cbs-series-fire-country-from-max-thieriot-starts-filming-in-vancouver.html |access-date=September 18, 2022 |website=Hollywood North Buzz}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da ƙari an kafa hotunan don birnin Edgewood a Rio Dell, a cikin Humboldt County, California, inda aka saita wasan kwaikwayon.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Burns |first=Ryan |date=November 9, 2022 |title=Rio Dell Co-Stars in the New Hit CBS Action-Drama 'Fire Country' |url=https://lostcoastoutpost.com/2022/nov/9/video-rio-dell-co-stars-new-hit-cbs-drama-fire-cou/ |access-date=January 14, 2023 |website=Lost Coast Outpost}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasuwanci ===
A watan Fabrairun 2022, an ba da sanarwar cewa Thieriot zai fito a cikin jerin.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cast1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=February 24, 2022 |title=Max Thieriot To Star In His CBS Drama Pilot 'Cal Fire'; 'SEAL Team' Future Uncertain, But There Are Positive Signs |url=https://deadline.com/2022/02/max-thieriot-star-cal-fire-cbs-pilot-seal-team-future-season-6-clay-spencer-1234959439/ |access-date=September 18, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, an ba Burke da Alejandro matsayi na jagoranci a cikin matukin jirgi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cast2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=March 2, 2022 |title=Billy Burke &amp; Kevin Alejandro Join Max Thieriot As Leads In CBS Pilot 'Cal Fire' |url=https://deadline.com/2022/03/billy-burke-kevin-alejandro-cast-cal-fire-cbs-pilot-1234969189/ |access-date=September 18, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan 'yan kwanaki, an sanar da cewa Farr, Calloway, Arcila, da Latimer za su bayyana a matsayin masu zaman kansu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cast3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=March 8, 2022 |title='Cal Fire': Diane Farr, Jordan Calloway Among Four Cast In CBS Pilot |url=https://deadline.com/2022/03/cal-fire-diane-farr-jordan-calloway-cast-cbs-pilot-max-thieriot-1234973475/ |access-date=September 18, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Satumbar 2022, an ba da sanarwar cewa Trucco zai shiga wasan kwaikwayon a matsayin mai maimaitawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cast4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cordero |first=Rosy |date=September 15, 2022 |title='Fire Country': Michael Trucco Joins CBS Drama |url=https://deadline.com/2022/09/fire-country-michael-trucco-cbs-drama-1235119964/ |access-date=September 18, 2022 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Janairun 2023, an ruwaito cewa Zach Tinker ya shiga cikin simintin a cikin wani damar da ba a bayyana ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;ZackT&quot;/&gt; A watan Maris na shekara ta 2023, an ba da sanarwar cewa an jefa Rebecca Mader da Kanoa Goo a cikin matsayi na maimaitawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;RebeccaMandKanoa&quot;/&gt; A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2023, an ruwaito cewa Rafael de la Fuente ya shiga cikin simintin a cikin damar maimaitawa don kakar wasa ta biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;RafaeldlF&quot;/&gt; A ranar 15 ga watan Disamba, 2023, an ba da rahoton cewa ana ci gaba da jefawa a halin yanzu don sabon hali a Season 2 (mace sheriff), wanda zai iya zama babban hali a cikin wani spinoff (ko ya zama jerin na yau da kullun). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=December 15, 2023 |title='Fire Country' Eying Sheriff-Centered Spinoff |url=https://deadline.com/2023/12/fire-country-spinoff-female-sheriff-planted-episode-1235668904/ |access-date=December 16, 2023 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 19 ga watan Disamba, 2023, an ruwaito cewa Tye White da Jason O'Mara za su shiga cikin simintin a cikin damar maimaitawa don kakar wasa ta biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=December 19, 2023 |title='Fire Country' Adds Tye White &amp; Jason O'Mara As Recurring In Season 2 |url=https://deadline.com/2023/12/fire-country-tye-white-jason-omara-season-2-1235677855/ |access-date=December 20, 2023 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== watsa shirye-shirye ==
Fire Country ya fara ne a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2022, a CBS a Amurka. &lt;ref name=&quot;Premiere&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Webb Mitovich |first=Matt |date=September 6, 2022 |title=In New Fire Country Trailer, Pros Teach Cons How to Battle a Blaze |url=https://tvline.com/2022/09/06/fire-country-trailer-cbs-convicts-become-firefighters/ |access-date=September 18, 2022 |website=[[TVLine]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hakanan yana samuwa a kan Paramount + ta hanyar biyan kuɗi da kuma Pluto TV kyauta. An fara kakar wasa ta biyu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2024.&lt;ref name=&quot;S2Premiere&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nellie |first=Andreeva |date=November 13, 2023 |title=CBS Sets 2024 Premiere Dates For Delayed Scripted Series, Confirms 'Matlock' &amp; 'Poppa's House' Move To Next Season |url=https://deadline.com/2023/11/cbs-2024-premiere-dates-scripted-series-post-strike-1235600901/ |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Simulcasting a Amurka, jerin sun fito ne a kan Global a Kanada kuma suna samuwa a cikin kunshin StackTV daga Amazon Prime Video. An kuma watsa shi a kan Noovo, a matsayin shirin Faransanci.

A waje da Amurka, jerin sun rarraba ta hanyar Paramount Global Content Distribution. An fara jerin ne a ranar 20 ga Disamba, 2022, a kan Fox a Portugal.

A Italiya, an fara shi a kan Rai 2 a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 2023, amma an cire shi daga jadawalin Rai 2 a kan 22 ga Janairu، 2023, bayan abubuwa uku kawai saboda ƙananan ƙididdiga. Ya fara watsawa a kan Rai 4 a ranar 24 ga Yuli, 2023.

A Ostiraliya a ranar 11 ga Janairu, 2023, a kan Network 10. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Knox |first=David |date=January 4, 2023 |title=Airdate: Fire Country |url=https://tvtonight.com.au/2023/01/airdate-fire-country.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230104013650/https://tvtonight.com.au/2023/01/airdate-fire-country.html |archive-date=January 4, 2023 |access-date=January 19, 2023 |website=TV Tonight |publisher=[[TV Tonight]] |language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A New Zealand, ana samun jerin a kan TVNZ 2.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fire Country |url=https://www.tvnz.co.nz/shows/fire-country |access-date=April 23, 2023 |website=www.tvnz.co.nz}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kowane labari har yanzu yana samuwa a kan TVNZ+.

A Croatia, an fara shi ne a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 2023, a kan Fox.

A Bulgaria, an fara shi ne a ranar 7 ga Maris, 2023, a kan Fox kuma an ba da shi ga gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bulgarian Pro Films .

A Norway, ana samun sa a TV 2 Play . Daga baya aka kara shi zuwa Strim .

A Sweden, an kara shi zuwa [[TV4 Play]] a ranar 28 ga Agusta, 2023.

A Poland, an fara shi a kan Viaplay .

A Jamus, an fara shi ne a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 2023, a gidan talabijin na Universal.

A Latin Amurka da Brazil, jerin sun fara ne kawai a kan Pay-TV Sony Channel a ranar 18 ga Satumba, 2023.
==Manazarta==
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zumbrota, Minnesota</title>
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      <text bytes="12289" sha1="gfsws7f1e1vwpnzob9vm5eh40i9itwb" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
[[Fayil:Zumbrota Public Library.jpg|thumb|gurin karatu na Gari '''Zumbrota''']]
[[Fayil:ZumbrotaMNwatertower.JPG|thumb|Zumbrota, Minnesota]]
{{Infobox settlement|official_name=Zumbrota|settlement_type=[[City]]|nickname=|motto=&quot;Bridging the Past and the Future&quot;
&lt;!-- Images --&gt;|image_skyline=CoveredBridgeZumbrotaMN.jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=Zumbrota Covered Bridge|image_flag=|image_seal=&lt;!-- Maps --&gt;|image_map=Goodhue_County_Minnesota_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Zumbrota_Highlighted.svg|mapsize=250px|map_caption=Location of Zumbrota, Minnesota|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=&lt;!-- Location --&gt;|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name={{flag|United States}}|subdivision_type1=[[U.S. state|State]]|subdivision_name1={{flag|Minnesota}}|subdivision_type2=[[List of counties in Minnesota|County]]|subdivision_name2=[[Goodhue County, Minnesota|Goodhue]]
&lt;!-- Government --&gt;|government_footnotes=|government_type=|leader_title=|leader_name=|leader_title1=|leader_name1=|established_title=|established_date=&lt;!-- Area --&gt;|unit_pref=Imperial|area_footnotes=&lt;ref name=&quot;CenPopGazetteer2020&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_27.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=July 24, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;|area_magnitude=|area_total_km2=7.33|area_land_km2=7.31|area_water_km2=0.02|area_total_sq_mi=2.83|area_land_sq_mi=2.82|area_water_sq_mi=0.01
&lt;!-- Population --&gt;|population_as_of=[[2020 United States Census|2020]]|population_est=|pop_est_as_of=|population_footnotes=|population_total=3726|population_density_km2=509.69|population_density_sq_mi=1319.87
&lt;!-- General information --&gt;|timezone=[[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]|utc_offset=-6|timezone_DST=CDT|utc_offset_DST=-5|elevation_footnotes=&lt;ref name=&quot;GR3&quot;/&gt;|elevation_m=302|elevation_ft=|coordinates={{coord|44|17|34|N|92|40|18|W|region:US-MN|display=inline,title}}|postal_code_type=[[ZIP Code]]|postal_code=55992|area_code_type=[[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]|area_code=[[Area code 507|507]]|blank_name=[[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS]] code|blank_info={{FIPS|27|72328}}|blank1_name=[[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] ID|blank1_info=0654511&lt;ref name=&quot;GR3&quot;&gt;{{GNIS|654511}}&lt;/ref&gt;|website=[http://www.ci.zumbrota.mn.us ci.zumbrota.mn.us]|footnotes=|pop_est_footnotes=|name=}}'''Zumbrota''' birni ne a cikin Goodhue County, [[Minnesota]], Amurka, tare da Arewacin Fork na Kogin Zumbro . Yawan jama'a ya kai 3,252 a ƙidayar 2010. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Census (City)&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&amp;prodType=table |access-date=April 27, 2011 |website=American FactFinder |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |archive-date=April 11, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411124723/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&amp;prodType=table |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yana inganta kansa a matsayin &quot;Zumbrota kadai a duniya&quot;.

== Tarihi ==
Joseph Bailey da DB Goddard sun yi ikirarin Zumbrota a matsayin gari a shekara ta 1856. Sunan Zumbrota ya bayyana ne daga cin hanci da rashawa na sunan Faransanci na Kogin Zumbro na gida, Rivière des Embarras (River dakatarwa), haɗe da Dakota ''toŋ'' (ƙauye).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Warren Upham}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Zumbrota ita ce gidan Zumbrota Covered Bridge, gada ta ƙarshe da ke aiki a jihar Minnesota. An shigar da shi ne a 1869, shekara guda kafin isowar layin dogo zuwa yankin. An jera gadar a cikin National Register of Historic Places . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Zumbrota Minnesota |url=http://www.ci.zumbrota.mn.us/ |access-date=2012-05-31 |publisher=City of Zumbrota}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gidan karatu na jama'a na Zumbrota shine ɗakin karatu na farko da ke tallafawa haraji a Minnesota.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Library History - Zumbrota Public Library |url=http://www.zumbrota.info/about-us/library-history/ |access-date=April 6, 2018 |website=www.zumbrota.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Birnin Zumbrota ya yi bikin cika shekaru sesquicenten a shekara ta 2006.

== Yanayin ƙasa ==
A cewar Ofishin Ƙididdigar Amurka, birnin yana da yanki na murabba'in kilomita .68 (6.94 , wanda .67 murabba'i mil (6.92  ƙasa ne kuma 0.01 murabba'ir mil (0.03 km2) ruwa ne.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gazetteer files&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090031/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=January 12, 2012 |access-date=2012-11-13 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hanyar Amurka ta 52 da Hanyar Jihar Minnesota ta 58 da 60 sune manyan hanyoyi guda uku a cikin birni.

=== Yanayi ===
{{Weather box}}

== Yawan jama'a ==
 

=== 2010 ===
As of the 2010 Census, there were 3,252 people, 1,349 households, and 882 families living in the city. The population density was {{Convert|1218.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,437 housing units at an average density of {{Convert|538.2|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.8% White, 0.7% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.6% of the population.&lt;ref name=&quot;Census2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=2010 Demographic Profile Data |url=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/1600000US2772328 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213102848/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/1600000US2772328 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=August 22, 2017 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Akwai gidaje 1,349, daga cikinsu 34.4% suna da yara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 18 da ke zaune tare da su, 51.4% [[Aure|ma'aurata]] ne da ke zaune mmogo, 9.8% suna da mace mai gida ba tare da miji ba, 4.2% suna da namiji mai gida ba, kuma 34.6% ba iyalai ba ne. 30.5% na dukkan gidaje sun kunshi mutane, kuma 14.7% suna da wani da ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ke da shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman iyali ya kasance 2.37 kuma matsakaicin girman iyalin ya kasance 2.96.

Matsakaicin shekarun a cikin birni ya kasance shekaru 38.2. 26.7% na mazauna ba su kai shekara 18 ba; 5.5% suna tsakanin shekaru 18 zuwa 24; 26.3% sun kasance daga 25 zuwa 44; 25.7% sun kasance daga 45 zuwa 64; kuma 16% sun kasance shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Tsarin jinsi na birnin ya kasance maza 46.8% da mata 53.2%.

=== 2000 ===
At the 2000 Census, there were 2,789 people, 1,141 households, and 741 families living in the city. The population density was {{Convert|1,412.6|PD/sqmi|PD/km2}}. There were 1,191 housing units at an average density of {{Convert|603.2|/sqmi|/km2}}. The racial makeup of the city was 96.38% White, 0.82% African American, 0.14% Native American, 0.65% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 1.18% from other races, and 0.79% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.47% of the population.

Akwai gidaje 1,141, daga cikinsu 32.9% suna da yara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 18 da ke zaune tare da su, 54.4% [[Aure|ma'aurata]] ne da ke zaune mmogo, 7.9% suna da mace mai gida ba tare da miji ba, kuma 35.0% ba iyalai ba ne. Kashi 31.5 na dukkan gidaje sun kunshi mutane, kuma kashi 16.1 cikin dari suna da wani da ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ke da shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman iyali ya kasance 2.40 kuma matsakaicin girman iyalin ya kasance 3.04.

A cikin birni, yawan jama'a ya bazu, tare da kashi 26.6% a ƙarƙashin shekaru 18, 7.2% daga 18 zuwa 24, 29.4% daga 25 zuwa 44, 18.5% daga 45 zuwa 64, da kuma 18.3% waɗanda suka kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin shekarun ya kasance shekaru 37. Ga kowane mata 100, akwai maza 88.4. Ga kowane mata 100 masu shekaru 18 da sama, akwai maza 85.8.

Matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na iyali a cikin birni ya kasance $ 41,678, kuma matsakaicin kuɗin haya na iyali ya kasance $ 53,750. Maza suna da matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na $ 34,821 tare da $ 25,647 ga mata. Kudin shiga na kowane mutum a birnin ya kai dala 22,786. Kimanin kashi 6.6% na iyalai da kashi 8.0% na yawan jama'a sun kasance a ƙasa da layin talauci, gami da kashi 10.7% na waɗanda ba su kai shekara 18 ba da kuma kashi 13.1% na waɗanda ke da shekaru 65 ko sama da haka.

== Addini ==
[[Fayil:1stCongregationalZumbrota.jpg|thumb|Ikilisiya ta farko, an jera ta a cikin National Register of Historic Places]]
Ikilisiyar Lutheran ta Kristi memba ne na Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS) a Zumbrota . Ikilisiyar Lutheran ta United Redeemer da Ikilisiyar Lutere ta Land sune membobin Ikilisiyar Evangelical Lutheran a Amurka (ELCA) a Zumbrota . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=United Redeemer Lutheran Church in Zumbrota, Mn |url=http://www.urlchurch.org |access-date=2017-01-27 |website=United Redeemer Lutheran Church |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lands Lutheran Church |url=http://www.landslutheran.org |access-date=2017-01-27 |website=www.landslutheran.org |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cocin Katolika na St. Paul &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Church of St. Paul – Church of St. Michael |url=http://www.stpaulstmichael.com |access-date=2017-01-27 |website=Church of St. Paul – Church of St. Michael}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Ikilisiyar United Church of Christ ta farko, memba na United Church of Kristi (UCC), suma suna cikin Zumbrota. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ucc-zumbrota-mn |url=http://www.ucczumbrota.org/ |access-date=2017-01-27 |website=ucc-zumbrota-mn |archive-date=2017-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202033119/http://www.ucczumbrota.org/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ilimi ==
[[Fayil:CrossingsZumbrotaMN.jpg|right|thumb|Hanyar wucewa a Carnegie, filin wasan kwaikwayon da kuma zane-zane a cikin ginin ɗakin karatu na 1907]]
An kafa makarantar sakandare ta Zumbrota-Mazeppa lokacin da makarantun jama'a na Zumbrota da Mazeppa suka haɗu a shekarar 1987. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mazeppa Public School |url=http://www.mazeppahistoricalsociety.org/mazeppa-public-school.html |access-date=2017-01-27 |website=Mazeppa Area Historical Society |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Makarantun firamare, na tsakiya, da na sakandare duk suna cikin Zumbrota yayin da makarantar firamare ke cikin Mazeppa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Zumbrota-Mazeppa Public Schools |url=http://www.zmschools.us |access-date=2017-01-27 |website=zmschools.us |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Makarantar Lutheran ta Kristi makarantar firamare ce ta Kirista (Pre-K-8) ta Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS) a Zumbrota .

== Gidajen shakatawa da nishaɗi ==
[[Fayil:Zumbrotatrailbridge.jpg|thumb|Hanyar keke a Zumbrota]]
Zumbrota's Covered Bridge Park yana da wuraren shakatawa na kwallon kafa, hanyoyin keke, tafkin yin iyo, babban tsarin wasan yara, sansani, da kuma gada mai rufi a Minnesota. Har ila yau, yana da filin golf na frisbee, wurin shakatawa, da kuma kankara a lokacin hunturu.

== Bukukuwan ==
Bikin Covered Bridge wani biki ne na shekara-shekara wanda ake gudanarwa a karshen mako na uku a watan Yuni. Ya haɗa da babban fareti, bikin wuta, 5K / 10K nishaɗi da rabin marathon, da sauran ayyuka da yawa.

== Shahararrun mutane ==

* Charles Clarence Beck, babban mai zane-zane na littafin DC Comics mai suna Captain MarvelKyaftin Marvel
* Paul Casey &quot;Gus&quot; Bradley, kocin kwallon kafa na NFL
* Kenneth O. Chilstrom, jami'in Sojojin Sama na Amurka
* William Bruce Dickey, ɗan kasuwa kuma ɗan majalisa na jihar Minnesota
* Oliver J. Lee, ɗan kasuwa, malami, kuma ɗan majalisa na jihar Minnesota
* Genevieve Stearns, mai binciken abinci mai gina jiki

== manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Ƙarin karantawa ==
{{Cite book|last3=}}

== External links ==

* [http://www.ci.zumbrota.mn.us City website]
* [http://www.zumbrota.com/ ''News Record''] - Zumbrota Newspaper
* [http://www.zumbrotatheatre.com/ Historic State Theatre] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218131417/http://zumbrotatheatre.com/ |date=2014-12-18 }}
* [http://www.zumbrotaareahistorycenter.org/ Zumbrota Area Historical Society]
{{Goodhue County, Minnesota}}{{Authority control}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Osama Hajjaj</title>
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'''Osama Eid Hajjaj,''' (Arabic) ɗan palasdinawa Mai wasan kwaikwayo ne na-Jordani, an haife shi a [[Amman]] a shekara ta 1973.

== Rayuwa da aiki ==
An haifi Osman Hajjaj a Amman, Jordan a shekara ta 1973. Ya yi aiki ga jaridu daban-daban na yau da kullun a Jordan, kamar Ad-Dustour da ''Al Ra'i'', da jaridu na mako-mako kamar ''Al-Bilad'' da ''Al-Mar'aa''; ya yi aiki ga &quot;&gt;Al-Ittihad, jaridar Emirati. A halin yanzu, yana aiki a Al Arab Al Yawm (jarida)  kuma yana buga zane-zanensa a shafukan yanar gizo na yanki da na duniya da yawa, kamar Cagle Cartoons . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Cagle Post |url=http://www.cagle.com/2015/05/cartoonist-under-threats/}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma http://www.cartoonmovement.com/ .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Cartoon Movement |url=http://www.cartoonmovement.com/p/12440 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150502132116/http://www.cartoonmovement.com/p/12440 |archive-date=2015-05-02 |website=www.cartoonmovement.com}} &lt;/ref&gt;

Osama ɗan'uwan [[Emad Hajjaj]] ne, wanda shi ma mai zane-zane ne.&lt;ref&gt;Maktabi, R., &quot;Brothers' political cartoons break taboos,&quot; ''CNN: Middle East News,'' 5 April 2011 [http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/meast/04/05/jordan.cartoonists/index.html Online:] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231117055959/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/meast/04/05/jordan.cartoonists/index.html |date=2023-11-17 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 'Yan uwan suna da masaniya game da ƙalubalen da ke tattare da buga zane-zanen siyasa a Gabas. gabaɗaya sun kasance Wanda aka azabtartar da su, &lt;ref&gt;Gruber, C., &quot;Fighting ISIS With A Pen,&quot; 26 June, ''Newsweek,'' 26 June 2015, [http://www.newsweek.com/fighting-isis-pen-347335 Online:]&lt;/ref&gt; sun sami barazanar mutuwa saboda aikin su na satirical, musamman zane-zane da aka yi wa ISIS. Osama ya yi iƙirarin cewa an ɗaure shi saboda ɗaya daga cikin zane-zanensa.&lt;ref&gt;Maktabi, R., &quot;Brothers' political cartoons break taboos,&quot; ''CNN: Middle East News,'' 5 April 2011 [http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/meast/04/05/jordan.cartoonists/index.html Online:] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231117055959/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/meast/04/05/jordan.cartoonists/index.html |date=2023-11-17 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
An fi saninsa da zane-zanensa na siyasa da zane-zane,da yawa daga cikinsu sun bayyana a cikin rubutu da littattafai da cikin rare mujalla kamar su France's charlie Hebdo


ni da litattafai &lt;ref&gt;Glover, R.W. and Tagliarin, D., ''Teaching Politics Beyond the Book: Film, Texts, and New Media in the Classroom,'' A &amp; C Black, 2012, n.p. [E-text edition]&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma cikin shahararrun mujallu kamar ''Charlie Hebdo.'' na Faransa .

== Dubi kuma ==

* Fasahar Jordan
* Omaya Joha

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>'Yancin Dan Adam a kasar Sin</title>
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[[Fayil:Flag of China Fire and Rescue.svg|thumb|tutar Kasar sin]]
Kungiyoyin kasa da kasa suna nazarin haƙƙin ɗan adam a kasar Sin lokaci-lokaci, kamar su hukumomin yarjejeniyar haƙƙin ɗanɗano da kuma Binciken Lokaci na Duniya na Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=China |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/countries/china |access-date=2 February 2024 |website=Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta kasar Sin (CCP), Gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin (PRC), magoya bayansu, da sauran masu goyon baya suna da'awar cewa manufofi da matakan tilasta aiki sun isa don karewa daga cin zarafin bil'adama. Koyaya, wasu ƙasashe (kamar Amurka da Kanada), ƙungiyoyin da ba na gwamnati ba (NGOs) ciki har da 'Yancin Dan Adam a China da [[Amnesty International]], da' yan ƙasa, lauyoyi, da Masu adawa a cikin ƙasar, sun bayyana cewa hukumomi a kasar Sin suna ba da izini ko shirya irin wannan cin zarafi.

Kungiyoyin ba da agaji masu zaman kansu kamar Amnesty International da [[Sa-ido akan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|Human Rights Watch]], da kuma cibiyoyin gwamnati na kasashen waje kamar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, a kai a kai suna gabatar da shaidar cewa PRC ta keta 'yancin [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|magana]], [['Yanci na motsi|motsi]], da [['Yancin addini|Addini]] na' yan ƙasa da sauransu a cikin iko. Hukumomi a cikin PRC suna da'awar inganta haƙƙin ɗan adam, kamar yadda suke bayyana su daban, don su dogara da &quot;al'adun ƙasa&quot; da matakin ci gaba ƙasar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 1997 |title=Progress in China's Human Rights Cause in 1996 |url=http://www.china.org.cn/e-white/prhumanrights1996/index.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, gwamnatoci suna da alhakin ingantawa da kare dukkan haƙƙin ɗan adam a duk duniya, ba tare da la'akari da yanayin ƙasarsu ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 June 1993 |title=Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/vienna-declaration-and-programme-action |access-date=2 February 2024 |website=Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights |at=paragraph I.5}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'Yan siyasa na PRC sun ci gaba da cewa, bisa ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na PRC, &quot;Ka'idoji huɗu&quot; sun maye gurbin' [[Hakkokin Jama'a Da Na Siyasa|'Yancin zama ɗan ƙasa]]. Jami'an PRC suna fassara muhimmancin Ka'idojin Kaddada guda huɗu a matsayin tushen doka don kama mutanen da gwamnati ta ce suna neman kawar da ka'idojin. 'Yan kasar Sin waɗanda hukumomi suka ga suna bin waɗannan ka'idoji, a gefe guda, hukumomin PRC sun ba su izinin jin daɗi da kuma aiwatar da duk haƙƙoƙin da suka zo tare da zama ɗan ƙasa na PRC, muddin ba su keta dokokin PRC ta kowace hanya ba.

Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da yawa sun yada batutuwan kare hakkin dan Adam a kasar Sin da suke ganin gwamnati ba ta da kyau, gami da: [[Hukuncin Kisa|hukuncin kisa]] (shar da kisa), manufofin yaro daya (wanda kasar Sin ta yi banbanci ga 'yan tsiraru na kabilanci kafin a soke shi a shekarar 2015), matsayin siyasa da shari'a na Tibet, da kuma watsi da' yancin yada labarai a kasar Sin. Sauran wuraren damuwa sun haɗa da rashin amincewar doka game da haƙƙin ɗan adam da rashin shari'a mai zaman kanta, mulkin doka, da kuma tsari da ya dace. Ƙarin batutuwan da aka tayar game da haƙƙin ɗan adam sun haɗa da rashin haƙƙin ma'aikata (musamman  wanda ke ƙuntata 'yancin motsi na ma'aikata masu ƙaura), rashin ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata marasa zaman kansu daga CCP, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 April 2017 |title=Trade Union Law and Collective Bargaining in China |url=https://www.chinabusinessreview.com/trade-union-law-and-collective-bargaining-in-china/ |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=China Business Review |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |script-title=zh:中华全国总工会网站 |url=http://www.acftu.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618070010/http://www.acftu.org/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=23 November 2018 |website=acftu.org |language=zh}}&lt;/ref&gt; aiwatar da Tsarin Kudin Jama'a da jerin sunayen ba da izini, waɗanda ke aiki don ƙuntata mutum da haƙƙin membobin danginsu, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=Nov 10, 2022 |title=Social Credit System in China: Why it is so scary. |url=https://tutanota.com/blog/posts/social-credit-system}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma zargin nuna bambanci ga ma'aikatan karkara da 'yancin addini - ƙungiyoyin addinin Tibet, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 November 2001 |title=Christians face waves of persecution |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/Christians+face+waves+persecution/5935732/story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114174440/http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Christians+face+waves+persecution/5935732/story.html |archive-date=14 January 2012 |access-date=13 January 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  [5] [6] [5] [5] [6] [5]  [5] [6] [5] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 February 2008 |title=China's Crackdown on Christians Worsens, Christian News |url=http://www.christianpost.com/news/china-s-crackdown-on-christians-worsens-31104/ |access-date=13 January 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; [5] [6] [5] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chinese government persecutes dissidents &amp;#124; TheCabin.net – Conway, Arkansas |url=http://thecabin.net/interact/opinion/columns/2012-01-07/chinese-government-persecutes-dissidents |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227233632/https://www.thecabin.net/interact/opinion/columns/2012-01-07/chinese-government-persecutes-dissidents |archive-date=27 February 2019 |access-date=13 January 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; [5] [6] [5] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Department of State. The Office of Electronic Information |first=Bureau of Public Affairs |date=19 September 2008 |title=China includes Tibet, Hong Kong, Macau |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2008/108404.htm |access-date=13 January 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; [5] [6] [5] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 1, 2020 |title=The Social Credit System: Not Just Another Chinese Idiosyncrasy |url=https://jpia.princeton.edu/news/social-credit-system-not-just-another-chinese-idiosyncrasy}}&lt;/ref&gt; [5] [6] [5] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [5] [6] [7] [6] [5] [6] [7] [7] [5] [6] [10] [5] [6] [7] [8] [5] [6] [7] [10] [5] [6] [10] [10] [5] [6] [6] [5] [6] [10] [6] [5] [6] [6] [7] [5] [5] [6] [7] [4] [5] [6] [10] [4] [5] [6] [6] [10] [5] [5] [6] [10] {{Spaced en dash}}Wasu kungiyoyin masu fafutuka na kasar Sin suna kokarin fadada wadannan 'yanci, ciki har da' yancin dan adam a kasar Sin, Masu kare hakkin dan adam na kasar Sin, da kuma Kungiyar Lauyoyin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta kasar Sin. Lauyoyin kare hakkin dan adam na kasar Sin wadanda ke daukar shari'o'in da suka shafi wadannan batutuwan, duk da haka, sau da yawa suna fuskantar cin zarafi, korarsu, da kamawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HRW Thin Ice&quot;&gt;[[Human Rights Watch]]. [https://www.hrw.org/en/node/62248/section/6 Walking on Thin Ice] 28 April 2008.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;amnesty13&quot;&gt;Amnesty International, [https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ASA17/022/2010/en &quot;China: No Rule of Law when Defence Lawyers Cannot Perform their Legitimate Role&quot;], 5 October 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar rahoton Amnesty International daga 2016/2017 gwamnati ta ci gaba da tsarawa da aiwatar da jerin sabbin dokokin tsaron kasa wadanda suka gabatar da babbar barazana ga kare haƙƙin ɗan adam. Rikicin da aka yi wa lauyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da masu fafutuka ya ci gaba a duk shekara. Masu fafutuka da masu kare hakkin dan adam sun ci gaba da kasancewa cikin sa ido, cin zarafi, tsoratarwa, kamawa, da tsare-tsare.&lt;ref name=&quot;amnesty.org&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human rights in China |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/asia-and-the-pacific/east-asia/china/report-china/ |website=Amnesty International}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rahoton ya ci gaba da cewa [[Ɗan sanda|'yan sanda]] sun tsare adadi mai yawa na masu kare hakkin dan adam a waje da wuraren tsare-tsare na al'ada, wani lokacin ba tare da samun damar zuwa [[lauya]] ba na dogon lokaci, suna fallasa wadanda aka tsare ga haɗarin [[Gallazawa|azabtarwa]] da sauran rashin kulawa. Masu sayar da littattafai, masu bugawa, masu gwagwarmaya, da kuma [[ɗan jarida]] wanda ya ɓace a ƙasashe makwabta a cikin 2015 da 2016 sun fito a tsare a China, suna haifar da damuwa game da hukumomin tilasta bin doka na China da ke aiki a waje da ikonsu.&lt;ref name=&quot;amnesty.org&quot; /&gt;

A cikin rahoton kare hakkin dan adam wanda ke kimanta 'yancin zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, da siyasa, kasar Sin ta sami matsayi mafi ƙasƙanci a duniya don aminci daga ayyukan gwamnati da haƙƙin taruwa.

== Tsarin shari'a ==
Tun bayan sauye-sauyen shari'a na ƙarshen 1970s da 1980s, CCP ta motsa a hukumance ƙoƙarin rungumar harshen mulkin doka kuma ta yi ƙoƙari ta kafa tsarin kotu na zamani. A lokacin wannan tsari, ta kafa dubban sabbin dokoki da ka'idoji, kuma ta fara horar da karin masu sana'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;HRW Thin Ice&quot;/&gt; An jaddada manufar 'dokar doka' a cikin kundin tsarin mulki, kuma jam'iyyar da ke mulki ta fara kamfen don inganta ra'ayin cewa 'yan ƙasa suna da kariya a ƙarƙashin doka. A lokaci guda, duk da haka, akwai babban saɓani a cikin kundin tsarin mulki da kansa, inda Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta nace cewa ikonta ya maye gurbin na doka.&lt;ref name=&quot;fordham&quot;&gt;Eva Pils, [http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2065&amp;context=ilj&amp;sei-redir=1#search=%22gao%20zhisheng%20hunger%20strike%22 'Asking the Tiger for His Skin: Rights Activism in China'], Fordham International Law Journal, Volume 30, Issue 4 (2006).&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka, kundin tsarin mulki ya tsarkake mulkin doka, duk da haka a lokaci guda ya jaddada ka'idar cewa &quot;shugabanci Jam'iyyar Kwaminis&quot; yana da fifiko a kan doka. Ko da wasu Sinawa da kansu suna da ra'ayi mara kyau game da fifiko na jagorancin CCP akan ikon tsarin mulki da na shari'a.

Shari'a ba ta da 'yanci daga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis, kuma alƙalai suna fuskantar matsin siyasa; a lokuta da yawa, kwamitocin jam'iyya masu zaman kansu suna ba da sakamakon shari'o'in.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Yardley |first=Jim |date=28 November 2005 |title=A young judge tests China's legal system |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/11/28/news/judge.php |access-date=23 August 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta wannan hanyar, CCP tana sarrafa bangaren shari'a ta hanyar tasirin ta.&lt;ref name=&quot;HRW Thin Ice&quot;/&gt; Wan''na'' tasirin ya samar da tsarin da ake yawan bayyanawa a matsayin &quot;mulkin doka&quot; (yana nuni da ikon CCP), maimakon mulkin doka.&lt;ref name=&quot;nytimes&quot;&gt;[[The New York Times]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/ref/world/asia/rule_index.html Rule by Law: A Series] 2005.&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da ƙari, tsarin shari'a ba shi da kariya ga haƙƙin jama'a, kuma sau da yawa ya kasa tabbatar da tsarin da ya dace.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Belkin |first=Ira |date=Fall 2000 |title=China's Criminal Justice System: A Work in Progress |url=https://law.yale.edu/sites/default/files/documents/pdf/Chinas_Criminal_Justice_System.pdf |url-status=live |journal=[[Washington Journal of Modern China]] |volume=6 |issue=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019034145/http://www.law.yale.edu/documents/pdf/chinas_criminal_justice_system.pdf |archive-date=19 October 2011 |access-date=6 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan yana adawa da tsarin dubawa da ma'auni ko rabuwa da iko.

Masana kasashen waje sun kiyasta cewa a cikin 2000, akwai tsakanin mutane miliyan 1.5 zuwa miliyan 4 a kurkuku a kasar Sin. &amp;nbsp;PRC ba ta ba da izinin baƙi su bincika tsarin azabtarwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Becker&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Jasper Becker}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== 'Yancin Jama'a ==

=== 'Yanci na magana ===
[[Fayil:Protest_in_Hong_Kong_against_the_detention_of_Liuxiaobo_11Feb.jpg|thumb|zanga-zangar siyasa a Hong Kong game da tsare-tsaren [[Liu Xiaobo]] wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel ta kasar Sin.]]
Kodayake kundin tsarin mulki na 1982 ya ba da tabbacin 'yancin magana, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Constitution of the People's Republic of China |url=http://english.people.com.cn/constitution/constitution.html |access-date=5 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; gwamnatin kasar Sin sau da yawa tana amfani da sassan &quot;rashin ikon gwamnati&quot; da &quot;kariya ga asirin gwamnati&quot; a cikin tsarin shari'arsu don ɗaure waɗanda ke sukar gwamnati.  Wani laifi da aka yi amfani da shi don ɗaure masu sukar kamar Sun Dawu shine &quot;karɓar jayayya da haifar da matsala&quot;.

A lokacin wasannin Olympics na bazara na shekara ta 2008, gwamnati ta yi alkawarin bayar da izini da ke ba mutane izinin yin zanga-zanga a cikin &quot;gidan shakatawa na zanga-zanga&quot; a Beijing. Koyaya, an janye yawancin aikace-aikacen, an dakatar da su, ko kuma an dakatar da shi, kuma 'yan sanda sun tsare wasu daga cikin mutanen da suka yi amfani da su.

Nuni ga wasu abubuwan da suka faru da rikice-rikice da ƙungiyoyin siyasa, da kuma samun dama ga shafukan yanar gizo da hukumomin PRC suka ɗauka &quot;mai haɗari&quot; ko &quot;mai barazana ga tsaron jihar&quot;, An toshe shi a intanet a cikin PRC; kuma abubuwan da ake jayayya da su ko kuma masu sukar hukumomin PRc ba su cikin wallafe-wallafe-wallon da yawa, kuma suna ƙarƙashin ikon CCP a cikin ƙasar Sin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 2011 |title=Freedom on the Net Report: China |url=http://www.freedomhouse.org/images/File/FotN/China2011.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423033632/http://www.freedomhouse.org/images/File/FotN/China2011.pdf |archive-date=23 April 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dokoki a Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin sun haramta bayar da shawarwari game da rabuwa da kowane bangare na yankin da ake da'awar daga kasar Sin, ko kalubalen jama'a ga mulkin CCP na gwamnatin kasar Sin. An share zanga-zangar da ba a ba da izini ba a lokacin wasannin Olympics da 'yan gwagwarmayar kasashen waje bakwai suka yi a Gidan Tarihin Kasashen China, suna nuna rashin amincewa da Tibet kyauta da kuma toshe ƙofar, kuma an fitar da masu zanga-zambe.

Injinan bincike na Intanet na kasashen waje ciki har da Microsoft Bing, [[Yahoo!]] !, da Google China sun kasance cikin zargi don taimakawa waɗannan ayyukan. Yahoo! !, musamman, ya bayyana cewa ba zai kare sirrin da sirri na abokan cinikinsa na kasar Sin daga hukumomi ba.&lt;ref&gt;Gunther, Marc. [https://money.cnn.com/2006/02/15/news/international/pluggedin_fortune/index.htm?cnn=yes &quot;Tech execs get grilled over mainland China business: Yahoo, Google, Microsoft, and Cisco, facing attack in Congress, say they're doing more good than harm in China&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011132834/https://money.cnn.com/2006/02/15/news/international/pluggedin_fortune/index.htm?cnn=yes |date=2008-10-11 }}. ''[[CNN]].'' 16 February 2006.&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 2005, bayan Yahoo! China ta ba da imel din sirri da Adireshin IP ga gwamnatin kasar Sin, an yanke wa mai ba da rahoto Shi Tao hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku na tsawon shekaru goma saboda sakin takardar Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta ciki zuwa shafin dimokuradiyya na kasar Sin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 August 2006 |title=China: Internet Companies Aid Censorship |url=https://www.hrw.org/english/docs/2006/08/09/china13940.htm |access-date=6 February 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shugaban Skype Josh Silverman ya ce &quot;sanin gama gari&quot; ne cewa TOM Online &quot;ya kafa hanyoyin da za su ... toshe saƙonnin nan take dauke da wasu kalmomin da hukumomin kasar Sin suka ɗauka abin ƙyama&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;spying&quot;&gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7649761.stm &quot;China 'spying on Skype messages'&quot;], [[BBC News]]. 3 October.2008.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:屠夫.jpg|thumb|An yanke wa Mai rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam Wu Gan hukuncin shekaru 8 a kurkuku a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2017]]
A watan Yunin 2020, Cai Xia, farfesa mai ritaya na Makarantar Jam'iyyar CCP, ya soki Xi Jinping, Babban Sakataren CCP, wanda ya kira shi &quot;shugaban Mafia&quot; kuma Jam'iyyar Kwaminis mai mulki &quot;zombie na siyasa&quot;. A cikin sauti na minti 20 a shafukan sada zumunta, ta ce kowa da kowa bawan Xi ne, kuma babu haƙƙin ɗan adam da mulkin doka, Ta ba da shawarar cewa Xi ya yi ritaya. A ranar 17 ga watan Agustan 2020, an kori Cai Xia daga Makarantar Jam'iyyar CCP ta Tsakiya kuma an soke fansho ta na ritaya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The CCP's Central Party School (College of National Administration) severely dealt with the serious violation of discipline by retired teacher Cai Xia |url=http://www.ccps.gov.cn/xyyw/202008/t20200817_142799.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817062503/http://www.ccps.gov.cn/xyyw/202008/t20200817_142799.shtml |archive-date=17 August 2020 |access-date=17 August 2020 |website=CCP's Central Party School (College of National Administration)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 'Yanci na magana a lokacin rikicin Coronavirus na 2020 ====
A lokacin Rikicin Coronavirus na 2020, an ruwaito cewa PRC ta hana labarai game da kwayar cutar kuma ta yi ƙoƙari ta ragewa da kuma bayar da rahoton mutuwar. Akwai rahotanni game da tsare-tsare, hare-hare, azabtarwa, da kuma bacewar masu ba da labari ciki har da masu gwagwarmaya, likitoci, lauyoyi, dalibai, da 'yan kasuwa waɗanda suka kirkiro da kuma ɗora bidiyo na asibitoci masu yawa da kuma yawan mutuwar.&lt;ref name=&quot;HRW-Covid19&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 April 2020 |title=China: Free Covid-19 Activists, 'Citizen Journalists' |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/04/27/china-free-covid-19-activists-citizen-journalists |publisher=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt;Wasu daga cikin wadannan masu ba da labari sune:

* Li Wenliang, likitan likitan kasar Sin wanda ya yi aiki a asibitin Wuhan kuma ya ba da gargadi na gaggawa ga wasu asibitoci da likitoci game da sabon cutar. An kama shi kuma an zarge shi da &quot;yi maganganun ƙarya&quot; wanda ya &quot;tabbatar da tsarin zamantakewa sosai&quot;.  
* Fang Bin, ɗan kasuwa na kasar Sin, ɗan jarida ɗan ƙasa kuma mai ba da labari wanda ya watsa hotunan Wuhan a lokacin rikicin Coronavirus. Ya ɓace tun daga 9 ga Fabrairu 2020.&lt;ref name=&quot;HRW-Covid19&quot;/&gt;
* Chen Qiushi, lauya ne na kasar Sin, mai fafutuka, kuma ɗan jarida ɗan ƙasa wanda ya rufe zanga-zangar Hong Kong ta 2019-20 da annobar COVID-19 kuma ya ɓace tun daga 6 ga Fabrairu 2020  har zuwa Satumba 2020 lokacin da aka same shi amma &quot;ba kyauta ba&quot;.  Bayan kwanaki 600, ya sake bayyana a cikin wasika a asusun [[Twitter]].&lt;ref name=&quot;HRW-Covid19&quot; /&gt; &quot;A cikin shekara da watanni takwas da suka gabata, na fuskanci abubuwa da yawa. Wasu daga cikinsu za a iya magana, wasu daga cikinsu ba za a iya ba, wasikar Chen ta karanta. &quot;Na yi imanin kun fahimta.
* Li Zehua, ɗan jaridar ɗan ƙasar Sin, rapper, kuma YouTuber wanda ke ƙoƙarin gano lauya da ya ɓace kuma ɗan jarida ɗan ƙasa Chen Qiushi. Ya ɓace tun daga 26 ga Fabrairu 2020   har zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu 2020 lokacin da ya sanya bidiyon YouTube cewa an keɓe shi da karfi kusan watanni biyu. 
* Chen Mei da El amogid Wei, masu gwagwarmaya waɗanda ke raba labaran da aka tantance game da barkewar coronavirus a kan wani tarihin kan layi, ba za a iya tuntuɓar su ba tun daga 19 ga Afrilu 2020 
* Li-Meng Yan, masanin ilimin ƙwayoyin cuta na Hong Kong kuma mai ba da labari dole ne ya tsere zuwa Amurka, bayan da ta sami manyan abubuwan rufe cutar ta hukumomin kasar Sin. Ta ce idan ta ba da labarinta game da rufewa a kasar Sin, za a &quot;yi ta ɓace kuma a kashe ta&quot;.
* An yanke wa 'yar [https://www.cbsnews.com/news/china-covid-wuhan-citizen-journalist-zhang-zhan-hunger-strike-prison/ Jaridar mai zaman kanta Zhang Zhan] hukuncin shekaru hudu a kurkuku saboda &quot;karɓar jayayya da haifar da matsala&quot;, cajin da ta karɓa bayan ta tashi zuwa Wuhan bayan barkewar COVID-19. A lokacin, ta san tana cikin hadarin tsaron kanta da kamawa, amma tana so ta kara koyo game da halin da ake ciki na COVID-19 kuma ta raba abubuwan da ta gano tare da wasu.

=== 'Yanci na' yan jarida ===
Masu sukar suna jayayya cewa CCP ta kasa cika alkawuranta game da 'yancin kafofin watsa labarai na kasar Sin. Gidan 'Yanci jama'a na Amurka koyaushe yana sanya kasar Sin a matsayin &quot;Ba Free&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 2011 |title=Freedom of the Press Report: China |url=http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=251&amp;year=2010&amp;country=7801}}&lt;/ref&gt; a cikin binciken' yancin jarida na shekara-shekara, gami da rahoton 2014. Jaridar PRC He Qinglian ta ce kafofin watsa labarai na PRC suna sarrafawa ta hanyar umarni daga sashen farfaganda na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis, kuma suna ƙarƙashin kulawa mai zurfi wanda ke barazanar azabtarwa ga masu laifi, maimakon tantancewa kafin bugawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Hijacked Potential of China's Internet |url=http://hrichina.org/public/PDFs/CRF.2.2006/CRF-2006-2_MediaControlChina.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930155631/http://hrichina.org/public/PDFs/CRF.2.2006/CRF-2006-2_MediaControlChina.pdf |archive-date=30 September 2007 |access-date=22 September 2006}} &quot;The Hijacked Potential of China's Internet&quot;, English translation of a chapter in the 2006 revised edition of ''Media Control in China'' published in Chinese by Liming Enterprises of Taiwan in 2006. Retrieved 4 February 2007&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2008, an kama mai ba da rahoto na ITV News John Ray yayin da yake rufe zanga-zangar &quot;Free Tibet&quot;. Rahotanni na kafofin watsa labarai na kasa da kasa game da zanga-zangar Tibet 'yan watanni kafin wasannin Olympics na Beijing a 2008 sun haifar da martani mai karfi a cikin China. Masu aikin kafofin watsa labarai na kasar Sin sun yi amfani da damar yin jayayya da hukumomin farfaganda don ƙarin 'yancin kafofin watsa labarai:  wani ɗan jarida ya tambaya, 'Idan ba a yarda da' yan jarida na kasar Sin su bayar da rahoto game da matsalolin da ke faruwa a Tibet ba, ta yaya' yan jaridar kasashen waje za su iya sanin game da hangen nesa na kasar Sin game da abubuwan da suka faru?'  'yan jarida na kasashen waje sun kuma bayar da rahoton cewa an hana su shiga wasu shafukan yanar gizo, gami da na kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stockmann 269-289&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Stockmann |first=Daniela |date=17 June 2010 |title=Who Believes Propaganda? Media Effects during the Anti-Japanese Protests in Beijing |journal=The China Quarterly |volume=202 |pages=269–289 |doi=10.1017/S0305741010000238 |s2cid=154907890}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shugaban kwamitin wasannin Olympics na kasa da kasa Jacques Rogge ya bayyana a ƙarshen wasannin Olympics da 'Dokokin [da ke kula da 'yancin kafofin watsa labarai na kasashen waje a lokacin wasannin Olympics] bazai zama cikakke ba amma suna da canjin teku idan aka kwatanta da halin da ake ciki a baya. Muna fatan za su ci gaba.'  Kungiyar Wakilan Kasashen Waje-kashen Waje ta China (FCCC) ta fitar da wata sanarwa a lokacin wasannun wasannin Olympics cewa &quot;duk da karɓar ci gaba dangane da samun dama da yawan taron manema labarai a cikin wasannin Olympics, FCCC ta kasance mai tsoratar da sauran wasannin Olympics sun fi damuwa a lokacin da aka bayar da rahoton ranar 30 da rahoton budewa a waje&quot;.

Tun lokacin da kasar Sin ke ci gaba da yin amfani da iko mai yawa a kan kafofin watsa labarai, tallafin jama'a ga rahotanni na cikin gida ya zama abin mamaki ga masu kallo da yawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stockmann 269-289&quot;/&gt; Ba a san abubuwa da yawa game da yadda 'yan kasar Sin suka yi imani da maganganun hukuma na CCP ba, ko kuma game da waɗanne kafofin watsa labarai suke ganin gaskiya ne da kuma dalilin da ya sa. Ya zuwa yanzu, bincike kan kafofin watsa labarai a kasar Sin ya mayar da hankali kan sauya dangantakar da ke tsakanin kafofin watsa labarai da jihar a lokacin sake fasalin.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stockmann 269-289&quot; /&gt; Har ila yau, ba a san shi sosai game da yadda yanayin kafofin watsa labarai na kasar Sin ya shafi ikon gwamnati na shawo kan masu sauraron kafofin watsa labarai ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stockmann 269-289&quot; /&gt; Bincike kan amincewar siyasa ya nuna cewa fallasawa ga kafofin watsa labarai yana da alaƙa da goyon baya ga gwamnati a wasu lokuta, kuma a wasu ba su da kyau. An ambaci binciken a matsayin shaida cewa jama'ar kasar Sin sun yi imanin farfaganda da aka watsa musu ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, amma kuma cewa ba su yarda da shi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kennedy |first=John James |date=1 October 2009 |title=Maintaining Popular Support for the Chinese Communist Party: The Influence of Education and the State-Controlled Media |journal=Political Studies |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=517–536 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-9248.2008.00740.x |s2cid=144636358}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Xueyi |last2=Shi, Tianjian |date=31 August 2001 |title=Media effects on political confidence and trust in the People's Republic of China in the post-Tiananmen period |journal=East Asia |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=84–118 |doi=10.1007/s12140-001-0011-3 |s2cid=154892012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ana iya bayyana waɗannan sakamakon da suka sabawa ta hanyar fahimtar cewa talakawa suna ɗaukar tushen kafofin watsa labarai a matsayin abin dogaro zuwa mafi girma ko ƙarami, dangane da yadda kafofin watsa labarai suka sami gyare-gyare.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stockmann 269-289&quot; /&gt;

A cikin 2012 Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam ya bukaci gwamnatin kasar Sin da ta ɗaga takunkumin kan damar samun damar kafofin watsa labarai zuwa yankin da kuma ba da damar masu sa ido masu zaman kansu, marasa son kai su ziyarci da kuma tantance yanayin a Tibet.&lt;ref name=&quot;UN News Centre&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=UN News Centre |date=2 November 2012 |title=China must urgently address rights violations in Tibet – UN senior official |url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=43399&amp;Cr=China&amp;Cr1 |access-date=2 March 2013 |publisher=United Nations}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gwamnatin kasar Sin ba ta canza matsayinta ba.

A watan Maris na 2020, kasar Sin ta kori ma'aikatan The New York Times, The Washington Post, da The Wall Street Journal don mayar da martani ga Amurka da ta bayyana cewa kafofin watsa labarai na kasar Sin guda biyar suna aiki a matsayin ofisoshin kasashen waje na gwamnati tare da ma'aikatan su da aka sake sanya su ma'aikatan gwamnatin kasar Sin, suna buƙatar amincewa kamar ma'aikatan diflomasiyya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Flynn |first=Kerry |last2=Jiang |first2=Steven |date=17 March 2020 |title=China to expel New York Times, Wall Street Journal, and Washington Post reporters &amp;#124; CNN Business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/17/media/china-retaliates-against-us-media/index.html |website=CNN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kasar Sin ta fitar da 'yan jarida na kasashen waje lokaci-lokaci. Ursula Gauthier, 'yar jarida daga Faransa da ke aiki a kungiyar kafofin watsa labarai ta L'Obs, an tura ta Faransa bayan ta yi sharhi game da martani na kasar Sin ga Hare-haren [[Faris|Paris]] da suka faru a watan Nuwamba 2015. Ta lura cewa matsayin tausayi na kasar Sin ba &quot;ba tare da wani dalili ba&quot;.

Gauthier ya riga ya ba da rahoto game da tsanantawar da kasar Sin ta yi wa kabilun Uyghur, da yawa daga cikinsu sun yi imani da Islama. Sau da yawa kasar Sin tana zargin mutanen Uyghur da ta'addanci kuma ta kafa tsarin sansanoni, wanda suke da'awar su ne &quot;cibiyoyin horar da sana'a&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Maizland |first=Lindsay |date=1 March 2021 |title=China's Repression of Uyghurs in Xinjiang |url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/chinas-repression-uyghurs-xinjiang |access-date=12 October 2021 |website=councilonforeignrelations.com |publisher=Council on Foreign Relations |quote=&quot;vocational training centers&quot; |archive-date=27 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627010748/https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/chinas-repression-uyghurs-xinjiang |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, waɗanda suka rayu a cikin sansanonin suna da'awar cewa hukumomi suna azabtarwa, fyade, da cin zarafin jima'i ga fursunoni tare da tilasta musu yin aiki ba tare da biyan su ba kuma suna lalata mata.  Bugu da ƙari, masana da yawa da masu tsara manufofi na ƙasashen waje suna la'akari da tsare-tsaren da ba su dace ba maimakon alaƙa da tuhumar ta'addanci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=4 October 2018 |title=European Parliament resolution of 4 October 2018 on mass arbitrary detention of Uyghurs and Kazakhs in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-8-2018-0377_EN.html |access-date=12 October 2021 |website=europarl.eu |publisher=European Parliament}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saboda haka, 'yan jarida kamar Gauthier sun soki ayyukan kasar Sin.

A lokacin korar Gauthier, ita ce 'yar jarida ta farko da aka kore ta tun lokacin da China ta kori Melissa Chan daga Al Jazeera a shekarar 2015. Chan ya ba da rahoto game da &quot;black kurkuku&quot; na kasar Sin da kuma kwace ƙasar gwamnati. Game da korar ta, Yang Rui na China Global Television Network ya rubuta, &quot;Ya kamata mu rufe wadanda ke lalata kasar Sin kuma mu tura su cikin kaya&quot;, a cewar The Wall Street Journal . 

==Manazarta==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:An Account of Some New Experiments in Electricity, Containing, 1. An Enquiry Whether Vapour be a Conductor of Electricity. 2. Some Experiments, to Ascertain the Direction of the Electric Matter (IA jstor-106020).pdf|thumb]]
A cikin [[sadarwa]], kalmar yanayin electromagnetic (EME)  tana da ma'anoni kamar haka:

# Don, tsarin sadarwa, rarraba sararin samaniya na filayen lantarki dake kewaye da shafin da aka bashi. Za'a iya bayyana yanayin electromagnetic dangane da rarraba sararin samaniya da na lokaci na Ƙarfin filin lantarki (volts a kowace mita), irradiance (watts a kowace murabba'in mita), ko ƙarfin makamashi (joules a kowace mita cubic).
# Sakamakon samfurin rarraba mitar lantarki da [[lokaci]], a cikin nau'o'i daban-daban, na matakan fitarwa da wutar lantarki da aka gudanar ko kuma wanda rundunar soja, tsarin, ko dandamali zasu iya haɗuwa da shi yayin aiwatar da aikin da aka ba shi a cikin yanayin da aka nufa. Yana da jimlar tsangwama na lantarki; bugun lantarki; haɗarin radiation na lantarki ga ma'aikata, kayan aiki, da kayan aiki; da abubuwan da suka faru na halitta na walƙiya da p-static.
# Duk abubuwan dake faruwa na lantarki da za a iya gani a wani wuri.&lt;ref&gt;Directive 2014/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility, Article 3 (Definitions), paragraph 8.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta. ==
{{Reflist}}

== Tushen. ==

*  &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;citation FS1037C MS188&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation cs1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220122224547/https://www.its.bldrdoc.gov/fs-1037/fs-1037c.htm ''Tsarin Tarayya 1037C'']. Babban Gudanar da Ayyuka. An adana shi daga [https://www.its.bldrdoc.gov/fs-1037/fs-1037c.htm asali] a 2022-01-22.&lt;/cite&gt; (don tallafawa MIL-STD-188).  &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;
*  Wannan labarin ya haɗa dakayan yankin jama'adaga&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span about=&quot;#mwt8&quot; class=&quot;citation FS1037C MS188&quot; id=&quot;mwJQ&quot;&gt;.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:&quot;\&quot;&quot;&quot;\&quot;&quot;&quot;'&quot;&quot;'&quot;}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(&quot;//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg&quot;)right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(&quot;//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg&quot;)right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(&quot;//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg&quot;)right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(&quot;//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg&quot;)right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;Kalmomin Soja da Kalmomin da ke da alaƙa. Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Amurka.
[[Rukuni:Muhalli]]
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  <page>
    <title>Bioplastic</title>
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[[Fayil:BiodegradablePlasticUtensils1.jpg|thumb|Kayan filastik da za a iya lalata suKayan aiki]]
[[Fayil:Flower_Wrapping_made_of_PLA-Blend_Bio-Flex.jpg|thumb|Rufewar furanni da akayi da PLA-blend bio-flex]]
[[Fayil:Classification of bioplastics.jpg|thumb|rabe raben kayan roba]]
'''Bioplastics''' kayan filastik ne da aka samar daga tushen biomass mai sabuntawa, kamar su kitse na kayan lambu da mai, [[starch]]&quot; id=&quot;mwFA&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Corn starch&quot;&gt;starch na masara, kara, woodchips, sawdust, sharar abinci da aka sake amfani da su, da dai sauransu. Ana samun wasu bioplastics ta hanyar sarrafawa kai tsaye daga Biopolymers na halitta ciki har da polysaccharides (misali, starch, cellulose, chitosan, da Alginate) da sunadarai (misali), yayin da suka samo asali daga [[sukari]] ko kuma shuke-shuke da suka zama sinadarin sukari, sinadarin sinadarin (sugar, sinadarai) (sugar da sinadarin da sinadarai, sinadurin sinadarin) (samar, sinadari, sinadaran (misali) (s. Sabanin haka, filastik na yau da kullun, kamar filastik mai burbushin halittu (wanda ake kira polymers na [[Danyen mai|man fetur]]) an samo su ne daga man fetur ko iskar gas.

Ɗaya daga cikin fa'idodin bioplastics shine 'yancin kansu daga man fetur a matsayin albarkatun kasa, wanda shine iyaka kuma ba'a rarraba shi ba'a duniya wanda keda alaƙa da siyasar man fetur da Tasirin muhalli. Nazarin nazarin sake zagayowar rayuwa ya nuna cewa ana iya yin wasu bioplastics tare da ƙananan sawun carbon fiye da takwarorinsu na burbushin halittu, misali lokacin da ake amfani da biomass a matsayin albarkatun kasa da kuma samar da makamashi. Koyaya, wasu hanyoyin bioplastics basu da inganci kuma suna haifar da sawun carbon mafi girma fiye da burbushin filastik. &lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Rosenboom |first=Jan-Georg |last2=Langer |first2=Robert |last3=Traverso |first3=Giovanni |date=2022-02-20 |title=Bioplastics for a circular economy |journal=Nature Reviews Materials |language=en |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=117–137 |bibcode=2022NatRM...7..117R |doi=10.1038/s41578-021-00407-8 |issn=2058-8437 |pmc=8771173 |pmid=35075395}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=S. |last2=Rothman |first2=R. |date=2020-07-10 |title=Life cycle assessment of bio-based and fossil-based plastic: A review |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652620312051 |journal=Journal of Cleaner Production |language=en |volume=261 |page=121158 |doi=10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121158 |issn=0959-6526 |s2cid=216414551 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pellis |first=Alessandro |last2=Malinconico |first2=Mario |last3=Guarneri |first3=Alice |last4=Gardossi |first4=Lucia |date=2021-01-25 |title=Renewable polymers and plastics: Performance beyond the green |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871678420301813 |journal=New Biotechnology |language=en |volume=60 |pages=146–158 |doi=10.1016/j.nbt.2020.10.003 |issn=1871-6784 |pmid=33068793 |s2cid=224321496}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bambanci tsakanin filastik daba na ''burbushin halittu'' ba (bio) da filastik na burbushi yana da iyakacin dacewa tunda kayan kamar man fetur kansu kawai burbushin burbushin halitta ne. Saboda haka, ko kowane irin filastik yana da lalacewa ko wanda ba zai iya lalacewa ba (mai dorewa) ya dogara da tsarin kwayoyinsa, ba'a kan ko biomass dake samar da albarkatun kasa ya zama burbushin ba. Dukkanin bioplastics masu ɗorewa, kamar su Bio-PET ko [[polyethylene]]&quot; id=&quot;mwOQ&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Biopolyethylene&quot;&gt;biopolyethylene (masu kama da polyethylene terephthalate da polyethylene na burbushin halittu), da bioplastics mai lalacewa, kamar Polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, ko polyhydroxyalkanoates, sun wanzu. Bioplastics dole ne a sake amfani dasu kamar filastik na burbushin halittu don kauce wa gurɓata filastik; &quot;sauka-in&quot; bioplastics (kamar biopolyethylene) ya dace da kogunan sake amfani da yanzu. A gefe guda, sake amfani da kwayoyin halitta a cikin kogunan sake amfani na yanzu yana haifar da ƙarin ƙalubale, saboda yana iya haɓaka farashin rarrabawa da rage amfanin gona da ingancin sake amfani. Koyaya, biodegradation ba shine kawai hanyar da aka yarda da ita ba don maganin halittu mai lalacewa, kuma sake amfani da inji da sinadarai galibi shine zaɓi da aka fi so daga ra'ayin muhalli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Fredi |first=Giulia |last2=Dorigato |first2=Andrea |date=2021-07-01 |title=Recycling of bioplastic waste: A review |journal=Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research |language=en |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=159–177 |doi=10.1016/j.aiepr.2021.06.006 |s2cid=237852939 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Biodegradability na iya bada hanyar ƙarshen rayuwa a wasu aikace-aikace, kamar su mulch na noma, amma manufar biodegradation ba ta da sauƙi kamar yadda mutane da yawa suka yi imani. Samun yiwuwar biodegradation ya dogara sosai da tsarin kashin sinadarai na polymer, kuma bioplastics daban-daban suna da tsari daban-daban, don haka ba za'a iya ɗauka cewa bioplastic a cikin muhalli zai rushe cikin sauƙi ba. Hakanan, ana iya haɗa filastik masu narkewa daga man fetur.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bioplastics (PLA) - World Centric |url=http://www.worldcentric.org/biocompostables/bioplastics |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190309234733/http://www.worldcentric.org/biocompostables/bioplastics |archive-date=2019-03-09 |access-date=2018-07-15 |website=worldcentric.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya zuwa 2018, bioplastics ya wakilci kusan 2% na fitar da filastik na duniya (&gt; tan miliyan 380). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Chinthapalli |first=Raj |last2=Skoczinski |first2=Pia |last3=Carus |first3=Michael |last4=Baltus |first4=Wolfgang |last5=de Guzman |first5=Doris |last6=Käb |first6=Harald |last7=Raschka |first7=Achim |last8=Ravenstijn |first8=Jan |date=2019-08-01 |title=Biobased Building Blocks and Polymers—Global Capacities, Production and Trends, 2018–2023 |url=https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ind.2019.29179.rch |journal=Industrial Biotechnology |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=237–241 |doi=10.1089/ind.2019.29179.rch |issn=1550-9087 |s2cid=202017074}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tare da cigaba da bincike kan bioplastics, saka hannun jari a cikin kamfanonin bioplastic da haɓaka bincike kan filastik na burbushin burbushin halittu, bioplastics suna zama mafi rinjaye a wasu kasuwanni, yayin da fitar da filastik burbushin kuma ke ƙaruwa a hankali.

== Ma'anar IUPAC ==
Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Pure da Applied Chemistry ta bayyana polymer mai laushi kamar haka:
{{Reflist|2}}

== Aikace-aikacen da aka gabatar ==
[[Fayil:Bio-K_Abfallbeutel_Kompostbeutel_CG.jpg|thumb|Kayayyakin akwatin da akayi daga bioplastics da sauran filastik masu lalacewa]]
Akwai aikace-aikacen kasuwanci kaɗan don bioplastics. Farashi da aiki sun kasance matsala. Misali na Italiya ne, inda jakunkunan filastik masu lalacewa suka zama tilas ga masu siye tun daga 2011 tare da gabatar da takamaiman doka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consiglio dei Ministri conferma la messa al bando dei sacchetti di plastica non biodegradabili - Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare |url=http://www.minambiente.it/comunicati/consiglio-dei-ministri-conferma-la-messa-al-bando-dei-sacchetti-di-plastica-non |website=minambiente.it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Baya ga kayan tsari, ana haɓaka bioplastics na lantarki wanda ke alkawarin ɗaukar wutar lantarki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Suszkiw |first=Jan |date=December 2005 |title=Electroactive Bioplastics Flex Their Industrial Muscle |url=http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/dec05/plastic1205.htm |access-date=2011-11-28 |website=News &amp; Events |publisher=[[USDA]] Agricultural Research Service}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.heatsign.com/dpm-direct-part-marking-applications/ direct part marking]&lt;/ref&gt;

Ana amfani da kwayoyin halitta don abubuwan da za'a iya zubar dasu, kamar marufi, kayan kwalliya, tukwane, kwano, da kara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=G. |last2=Patel |first2=M. |year=2012 |title=Plastics derived from biological sources: Present and future: P technical and environmental review |journal=Chemical Reviews |volume=112 |issue=4 |pages=2082–2099 |doi=10.1021/cr200162d |pmid=22188473}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Biopolymers suna samuwa a matsayin murfin takarda maimakon murfin man fetur na yau da kullun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Khwaldia |first=Khaoula |last2=Elmira Arab-Tehrany |last3=Stephane Desobry |year=2010 |title=Biopolymer Coatings on Paper Packaging Materials |journal=Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=82–91 |doi=10.1111/j.1541-4337.2009.00095.x |pmid=33467805 |doi-access=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bioplastics da ake kira drop-in bioplastics suna da sunadarai iri ɗaya da takwarorinsu na burbushin halittu amma anyi sune daga albarkatun sabuntawa. Misalan sun hada da [[bio-PE]], [[bio-PET]], [[Propylene|bio-propylene]], [[bio-PP]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bio-based drop-in, smart drop-in and dedicated chemicals |url=https://www.roadtobio.eu/uploads/news/2017_October/RoadToBio_Drop-in_paper.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102122527/https://www.roadtobio.eu/uploads/news/2017_October/RoadToBio_Drop-in_paper.pdf |archive-date=2020-11-02 |access-date=2020-10-30}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma biobased nylons. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.wur.nl/nl/Onderzoek-Resultaten/Onderzoeksinstituten/food-biobased-research/Oplossingen/Duurzame-bioplastics-op-basis-van-hernieuwbare-grondstoffen.htm Duurzame bioplastics op basis van hernieuwbare grondstoffen]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.bioplastics.guide/ref/bioplastics/what-are-bioplastics/ |title=What are bioplastics? |access-date=2024-07-12 |archive-date=2022-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605220227/http://www.bioplastics.guide/ref/bioplastics/what-are-bioplastics/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Drop in bioplastics2&quot;&gt;[https://bioplasticsnews.com/2018/08/28/drop-ins-bioplastics/ Drop in bioplastics]&lt;/ref&gt; Ana iya amfani da kayan aikin bioplastics da ke cikin fasaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bio-based drop-in, smart drop-in and dedicated chemicals |url=https://www.roadtobio.eu/uploads/news/2017_October/RoadToBio_Drop-in_paper.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102122527/https://www.roadtobio.eu/uploads/news/2017_October/RoadToBio_Drop-in_paper.pdf |archive-date=2020-11-02 |access-date=2020-10-30}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hanyar da aka keɓe ta hanyar rayuwa tana ba da damar samar da samfuran da baza'a  iya samun su bata hanyar halayen sunadarai na gargajiya kuma suna iya ƙirƙirar samfuran dake da halaye na musamman da mafi girma, idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin da suka dace da burbushin halittu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Drop in bioplastics2&quot; /&gt;

== Nau'o'in ==

=== Polysaccharide-based bioplastics ===

==== Gilashin da aka samo asali ====
[[Fayil:Stärke-Packstoff_Pömpel_CG.jpg|thumb|Ruwan kwalliya da akayi daga bioplastics (thermoplastic starch) ]]
Thermoplastic starch yana wakiltar mafi yawan amfani da bioplastic, wanda ya zama kusan kashi 50 cikin 100 na kasuwar bioplastics.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Types of Bioplastic {{!}} InnovativeIndustry.net |url=http://www.innovativeindustry.net/types-of-bioplastic |access-date=2020-07-11 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409192929/http://www.innovativeindustry.net/types-of-bioplastic |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Za'a iya yin fim din bioplastic mai sauƙi a gida ta hanyar gelatinizing starch da kuma Maganin gyare-gyare.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.instructables.com/id/Make-Potato-Plastic!/ Make Potato Plastic!]. Instructables.com (2007-07-26). Retrieved 2011-08-14.&lt;/ref&gt; Tsarkake starch yana iya shan [[danshi]], kuma saboda haka kayan da suka dace don samar da magungunan magunguna ta bangaren magunguna. Koyaya, tsattsarkan kwayoyin halitta masu tsabta suna da rauni. Plasticizer irin su glycerol, glycol, da sorbitol kuma ana iya ƙara su don a iya sarrafa starch ta hanyar thermo-plastically.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Liu |first=Hongsheng |last2=Xie |first2=Fengwei |last3=Yu |first3=Long |last4=Chen |first4=Ling |last5=Li |first5=Lin |date=2009-12-01 |title=Thermal processing of starch-based polymers |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079670009000653 |journal=Progress in Polymer Science |language=en |volume=34 |issue=12 |pages=1348–1368 |doi=10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2009.07.001 |issn=0079-6700}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ana iya daidaita halaye na sakamakon bioplastic (wanda ake kira &quot;thermoplastic starch&quot;) don takamaiman buƙatu ta hanyar daidaita adadin waɗannan abubuwan. Ana iya amfani da dabarun sarrafa polymer na al'ada don aiwatar da starch a cikin bioplastic, kamar extrusion, injection molding, matsa lamba molding da kuma warwarewa simintin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Abubuwan dake tattare da starch bioplastic suna da tasiri sosai ta hanyar amylose / amylopectin ratio. Gabaɗaya, starch mai ƙarfi yana haifar da kyawawan halaye na inji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Li |first=Ming |last2=Liu |first2=Peng |last3=Zou |first3=Wei |last4=Yu |first4=Long |last5=Xie |first5=Fengwei |last6=Pu |first6=Huayin |last7=Liu |first7=Hongshen |last8=Chen |first8=Ling |date=2011-09-01 |title=Extrusion processing and characterization of edible starch films with different amylose contents |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0260877411002196 |journal=Journal of Food Engineering |language=en |volume=106 |issue=1 |pages=95–101 |doi=10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.04.021 |issn=0260-8774}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, starch mai girma yana da ƙarancin sarrafawa saboda yawan zafin jiki na gelatinization  da ƙaranci mai narkewa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Liu |first=Hongsheng |last2=Yu |first2=Long |last3=Xie |first3=Fengwei |last4=Chen |first4=Ling |date=2006-08-15 |title=Gelatinization of cornstarch with different amylose/amylopectin content |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0144861706000506 |journal=Carbohydrate Polymers |language=en |volume=65 |issue=3 |pages=357–363 |doi=10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.01.026 |issn=0144-8617 |s2cid=85239192}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Xie |first=Fengwei |last2=Yu |first2=Long |last3=Su |first3=Bing |last4=Liu |first4=Peng |last5=Wang |first5=Jun |last6=Liu |first6=Hongshen |last7=Chen |first7=Ling |date=2009-05-01 |title=Rheological properties of starches with different amylose/amylopectin ratios |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0733521009000083 |journal=Journal of Cereal Science |language=en |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=371–377 |doi=10.1016/j.jcs.2009.01.002 |issn=0733-5210}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sau dayawa ana haɗa kwayoyin halitta na Starch tare da polyesters masu lalacewa don samar da starch / polylactic acid, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Khalid |first=Saud |last2=Yu |first2=Long |last3=Meng |first3=Linghan |last4=Liu |first4=Hongsheng |last5=Ali |first5=Amjad |last6=Chen |first6=Ling |year=2017 |title=Poly(lactic acid)/starch composites: Effect of microstructure and morphology of starch granules on performance |journal=Journal of Applied Polymer Science |volume=134 |issue=46 |page=45504 |doi=10.1002/app.45504}}&lt;/ref&gt; starch / polykrolactone &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Starch based Bioplastic Manufacturers and Suppliers |url=http://bioplasticsonline.net/2010/06/starch-based-bioplastic-manufacturers-and-suppliers/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814061041/http://bioplasticsonline.net/2010/06/starch-based-bioplastic-manufacturers-and-suppliers/ |archive-date=August 14, 2011 |website=bioplasticsonline.net}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko starch / Ecoflex &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sherman |first=Lilli Manolis |date=1 July 2008 |title=Enhancing biopolymers: additives are needed for toughness, heat resistance &amp; processability. |url=https://www.ptonline.com/articles/enhancing-biopolymers-additives-are-needed-for-toughness-heat-resistance-processability |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417023038/https://www.ptonline.com/articles/enhancing-biopolymers-additives-are-needed-for-toughness-heat-resistance-processability |archive-date=17 April 2016 |website=Plastics Technology}}&lt;/ref&gt; (polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate wanda BASF &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=BASF announces major bioplastics production expansion |url=http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2008/04/22/basf-announces-major-bioplastics-production-expansion/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331122532/http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2008/04/22/basf-announces-major-bioplastics-production-expansion/ |archive-date=2012-03-31 |access-date=2011-08-31}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya samar). Ana amfani da waɗannan cakuda don aikace-aikacen masana'antu kuma ana iya yin compostable. Sauran masu samarwa, kamar Roquette, sun haɓaka wasu cakuda starch / polyolefin. Wadannan cakuda ba su da biodegradable, amma suna da ƙananan sawun carbon fiye da filastik na man fetur da akayi amfani da su don aikace-aikace iri ɗaya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Roquette, nouvel acteur sur le marché des plastiques, lance GAÏALENE®: une gamme innovante de plastique végétal |url=http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2010/10/16/roquette-nouvel-acteur-sur-le-marche-des-plastiques-lance-gaialene%C2%AE-une-gamme-innovante-de-plastique-vegetal/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331122551/http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2010/10/16/roquette-nouvel-acteur-sur-le-marche-des-plastiques-lance-gaialene%C2%AE-une-gamme-innovante-de-plastique-vegetal/ |archive-date=2012-03-31 |access-date=2011-08-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Starch yana da arha, mai yawa, kuma mai sabuntawa.

Fim din da aka samo asali (wanda akafi amfani dashi don dalilai na marufi) galibi ana yin su ne daga starch da aka gauraya da polyesters na thermoplastic don samar da kayayyakin biodegradable da compostable. Ana ganin waɗannan fina-finai musamman a cikin kayan masarufi na mujallu da fina-ffinai. A cikin Kunshin abinci, ana ganin waɗannan fina-finai a matsayin burodi ko jakar 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu. Ana amfani da jaka masu hadawa tare da wannan fina-finai a cikin zaɓaɓɓen tattara sharar gida. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da fina-finai na starch a matsayin takarda.&lt;ref name=&quot;StarchPlasticsPaperUsda&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Avant |first=Sandra |date=April 2017 |title=Better Paper, Plastics With Starch |url=https://agresearchmag.ars.usda.gov/2017/apr/starch/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214152835/https://agresearchmag.ars.usda.gov/2017/apr/starch/ |archive-date=2018-12-14 |access-date=2018-12-14 |publisher=USDA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Cate |first=Peter |date=January 2017 |title=Collaboration delivers better results |journal=Reinforced Plastics |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=51–54 |doi=10.1016/j.repl.2016.09.002 |issn=0034-3617}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An yi nazarin nanocomposites na Starch-based a ko'ina, suna nuna ingantaccen kayan aikin inji, kwanciyar hankali na zafi, juriya na danshi, da kuma kayan shingen gas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Xie |first=Fengwei |last2=Pollet |first2=Eric |last3=Halley |first3=Peter J. |last4=Avérous |first4=Luc |date=2013-10-01 |title=Starch-based nano-biocomposites |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079670013000439 |journal=Progress in Polymer Science |series=Progress in Bionanocomposites: from green plastics to biomedical applications |language=en |volume=38 |issue=10 |pages=1590–1628 |doi=10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.05.002 |issn=0079-6700}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Gilashin dake dauke da cellulose ====
[[Fayil:Bio-K_Blister_CG.jpg|thumb|Blisin kunshe-kunshe da akayi da cellulose acetate, bioplastic]]
Cellulose bioplastics galibi sune cellulose esters (ciki har da cellulose acetate da nitrocellulose) da abubuwan da suka samo asali, gami da celluloid.

Cellulose na iya zama thermoplastic lokacin da aka canza shi sosai. Misali na wannan shine cellulose acetate, wanda yake da tsada sabili da haka ba'a amfani dashi don marufi. Koyaya, fiber na cellulosic da aka kara zuwa starches na iya inganta kaddarorin inji, permeability ga gas, da juriya na ruwa saboda kasancewa ƙasa da hydrophilic fiye da starch.

Wata kungiya a Jami'ar Shanghai ta sami damar gina sabon filastik mai kore wanda ya dogara da cellulose ta hanyar hanyar da ake kira matsin zafi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Song |first=Na |last2=Hou |first2=Xingshuang |last3=Chen |first3=Li |last4=Cui |first4=Siqi |last5=Shi |first5=Liyi |last6=Ding |first6=Peng |date=2017-05-16 |title=A Green Plastic Constructed from Cellulose and Functionalized Graphene with High Thermal Conductivity |journal=ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces |volume=9 |issue=21 |pages=17914–17922 |doi=10.1021/acsami.7b02675 |issn=1944-8244 |pmid=28467836}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gilashin dake da tushen furotin ===
[[Fayil:Edible_packaging_film.jpg|thumb|Cigaban fim din casein mai cin abinci a USDA &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=OBrien |date=February 2018 |title=That's a Wrap: Edible Food Wraps from ARS |url=https://agresearchmag.ars.usda.gov/2018/feb/wraps/#printdiv |journal=USDA Agricultural Research |page=22 |access-date=4 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Bioplastics za'a iyayin su daga sunadarai daga tushe daban-daban. Misali, gluten na alkama da casein suna nuna kyawawan halaye a matsayin albarkatun kasa don polymers daban-daban masu lalacewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Song |first=J. H. |last2=Murphy |first2=R. J. |last3=Narayan |first3=R. |last4=Davies |first4=G. B. H. |date=2009-07-27 |title=Biodegradable and compostable alternatives to conventional plastics |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=364 |issue=1526 |pages=2127–2139 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2008.0289 |issn=0962-8436 |pmc=2873018 |pmid=19528060}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bugu da ƙari, ana ɗaukar furotin soya a matsayin wani tushen bioplastic. Anyi amfani da sunadarai na soya a cikin samar da filastik sama da shekaru ɗari. Misali, bangarorin jiki na motar Ford ta asali anyi su ne da filastik na soya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ralston |first=Brian E. |last2=Osswald |first2=Tim A. |date=February 2008 |title=The History of Tomorrow's Materials: Protein-Based Biopolymers |journal=Plastics Engineering |volume=64 |issue=2 |pages=36–40 |doi=10.1002/j.1941-9635.2008.tb00292.x |issn=0091-9578}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Akwai matsaloli tare da amfani da filastik na soya mai gina jiki saboda ƙarancin ruwa da tsada mai yawa. Sabili da haka, samar da cakuda furotin soya tare da wasu polyesters masu lalacewa da suka riga sun kasance yana inganta ƙwarewar ruwa da tsada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Zhang |first=Jinwen |last2=Jiang |first2=Long |last3=Zhu |first3=Linyong |last4=Jane |first4=Jay-lin |last5=Mungara |first5=Perminus |date=May 2006 |title=Morphology and Properties of Soy Protein and Polylactide Blends |url=http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/fshn_ag_pubs/108 |journal=Biomacromolecules |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=1551–1561 |doi=10.1021/bm050888p |issn=1525-7797 |pmid=16677038}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Wasu polyesters na aliphatic ===
Aliphatic biopolyesters galibi polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) ne kamar poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyhydrexyvalerate (PHV) da polyhydроxyhexanoate (PHH).

==== Polylactic acid (PLA) ====
[[Fayil:Mulch_Film_made_of_PLA-Blend_Bio-Flex.jpg|left|thumb|Fim din Mulch da aka yi da Polylactic acid (PLA) -blend bio-flex]]
Polylactic acid (PLA) filastik ne mai haske wanda aka samar daga [[masara]] &lt;ref name=&quot;smithsonianmag.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=History, Travel, Arts, Science, People, Places |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/plastic.html |website=smithsonianmag.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko dextrose . A saman, yana kama da filastik na al'ada na petrochemical kamar PS. An samo shine daga tsire-tsire, kuma yana raguwa a ƙarƙashin yanayin masana'antu. Abin takaici, yana nuna ƙarfin tasirin ƙasa, ƙarfin zafi, da kuma abubuwan shingen (toshe jigilar iska a fadin membrane) idan aka kwatanta da filastik marasa lalacewa. Haɗuwa da PLA yawanci suna zuwa a cikin nau'ikan granulates. Ana amfani da PLA a kan iyakantaccen sikelin don samar da fina-finai, fiber, kwantena na filastik, kofuna, da kwalabe. PLA kuma shine mafi yawan nau'in filastik da akayi amfani dashi don yin samfurin igiya a cikin na'urorin bugawa na 3D.

==== Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate ====
biopolymer poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) polyester ne wanda wasu kwayoyin cuta ke samar da glucose, starch na masara &lt;ref name=&quot;bioplastic-innovation.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mirel: PHAs grades for Rigid Sheet and Thermoforming |url=http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2011/06/08/mirel-phas-grades-for-rigid-sheet-and-thermoforming/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331122556/http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2011/06/08/mirel-phas-grades-for-rigid-sheet-and-thermoforming/ |archive-date=2012-03-31 |access-date=2011-08-31}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko ruwa mai guba. &lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Micromidas is using carefully constructed populations of bacteria to convert organic waste into bio-degradable plastics. |url=http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2011/07/29/micromidas-is-using-carefully-constructed-populations-of-bacteria-to-convert-organic-waste-into-bio-degradable-plastics/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023230713/http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2011/07/29/micromidas-is-using-carefully-constructed-populations-of-bacteria-to-convert-organic-waste-into-bio-degradable-plastics/ |archive-date=October 23, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Halayensa suna kama da na polypropylene (PP). Fitar da PHB yana ƙaruwa. Masana'antar [[sukari]] ta [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]], alal misali, ta yanke shawarar fadada samar da PHB zuwa sikelin masana'antu. PHB ya bambanta da farko ta hanyar halaye na jiki. Ana iya sarrafa shi a cikin fim mai haske tare da narkewa sama da digiri 130 na Celsius, kuma yana iya lalacewa batare da raguwa ba.

=== Polyhydroxyalkanoates ===
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) sune polyesters na layi wanda aka samar a cikin yanayi ta hanyar fermentation na [[sukari]] ko lipids. Kwayoyin cuta ne ke samar da su don adana carbon da makamashi. A cikin samar da masana'antu, ana cire polyester kuma an tsarkake shi daga ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar inganta yanayin fermentation na sukari. Fiye da 150 daban-daban monomers za'a iya haɗawa a cikin wannan iyali don ba da kayan dake da kyawawan halaye daban-daban. PHA yafi ductile kuma bashi da ƙarfi fiye da sauran filastik, kuma yana da biodegradable. Ana amfani da waɗannan filastik a masana'antar kiwon lafiya.

=== Kashewa 11 ===
PA 11 wani abu ne wanda aka samo daga man fetur. An kuma san shi a ƙarƙashin sunan kasuwanci Rilsan B, wanda Arkema ke kasuwanci. PA 11 na cikin dangin polymers na fasaha kuma ba biodegradable ba ne. Abubuwan dake ciki suna kama da na PA 12, kodayake ana rage hayaki na iskar gas da amfani da albarkatun da baza'a iya sabuntawa ba yayin samar da shi. Har ila yau, juriya ta zafi ta fi ta PA 12. Ana amfani dashi a cikin aikace-aikace masu inganci kamar layin man fetur na mota, bututun iska na pneumatic, bututun kebul na lantarki, bututun mai da gas mai sassauƙa, bututun ruwa na sarrafawa, takalma na wasanni, kayan aikin lantarki, da catheters.

Irin wannan filastik shine Polyamide 410 (PA 410), wanda aka samo kashi 70% daga man castor, a ƙarƙashin sunan kasuwanci EcoPaXX, wanda DSM ke kasuwanci.&lt;ref name=&quot;EcoPaXX&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home |url=http://www.dsm.com/en_US/cworld/public/media/pages/press-releases/19_10_dsm_launches_bio_based_performance_materials_for_automotive_industry.jsp |website=dsm.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;PA 410 babban polyamide ne wanda ya haɗu da fa'idodin babban narkewa (kimanin 250 °C), ƙarancin danshi da kyakkyawan juriya ga abubuwa masu sinadarai daban-daban.&amp;nbsp;

=== Polyethylene da aka samo daga kwayoyin halitta ===
{{Plastics}}Tsarin gini na asali (monomer) na [[polyethylene]] shine ethylene . Ethylene yana da kama da, kuma ana iya samo shi daga ethanol, wanda za'a iya samar dashi ta hanyar fermentation na kayan aikin gona kamar sukari ko masara. Polyethylene da aka samo daga kwayoyin halitta yana da kama da polyethylene na gargajiya - ba ya lalacewa amma ana iya sake amfani dashi. &amp;nbsp;Kungiyar sunadarai ta Brazil  tayi iƙirarin cewa ta amfani da hanyar samar da polyethylene daga sukari ethanol kamawa (yana cirewa daga muhalli) tan 2.15 na CO a kowace tan na Green Polyethylene da aka samar

=== Abinci da aka canza ta hanyar kwayar halitta ===
Tare da masara na GM kasancewa abinci na yau da kullun, ba abin mamaki bane cewa anyi wasu kwayoyin halitta daga wannan.

A karkashin fasahar masana'antar bioplastics akwai samfurin &quot;masana'antar shuka&quot;, wanda ke amfani da amfanin gona da aka canza kwayoyin halitta ko kwayoyin halitta don inganta inganci.

=== Polyhydroxyurethanes ===
Rashin polyamines da cyclic carbonates suna samar da polyhydroxyurethanes . &lt;ref name=&quot;From Petrochemical Polyurethanes to Biobased Polyhydroxyurethanes&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Nohra |first=Bassam |last2=Laure Candy |last3=Jean-Francois Blanco |last4=Celine Guerin |last5=Yann Raoul |last6=Zephirin Mouloungui |year=2013 |title=From Petrochemical Polyurethanes to Biobased Polyhydroxyurethanes |url=https://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/9942/1/Nohra_9942.pdf |journal=Macromolecules |volume=46 |issue=10 |pages=3771–3792 |bibcode=2013MaMol..46.3771N |doi=10.1021/ma400197c |access-date=2024-07-12 |archive-date=2020-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918232716/https://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/9942/1/Nohra_9942.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba kamar polyurethanes da aka haɗa da giciye ba, polyhydroxyurethanes dake da alaƙa da giciye suna da ka'ida mai sauƙi ga sake amfani da sake sarrafawa ta hanyar halayen transcarbamoylation.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mechanically Activated, Catalyst-Free Polyhydroxyurethane Vitrimers&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Fortman |first=David J. |last2=Jacob P. Brutman |last3=[[Christopher J. Cramer]] |last4=Marc A. Hillmyer |last5=William R. Dichtel |year=2015 |title=Mechanically Activated, Catalyst-Free Polyhydroxyurethane Vitrimers |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |volume=137 |issue=44 |pages=14019–14022 |doi=10.1021/jacs.5b08084 |pmid=26495769 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Polymers da aka samo daga lipid ===
An kirkiro nau'ikan bioplastic dayawa daga kitse da mai da aka samo daga shuka da dabba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Meier |first=Michael A. R. |last2=Metzger |first2=Jürgen O. |last3=Schubert |first3=Ulrich S. |date=2007-10-02 |title=Plant oil renewable resources as green alternatives in polymer science |journal=Chemical Society Reviews |volume=36 |issue=11 |pages=1788–802 |doi=10.1039/b703294c |issn=1460-4744 |pmid=18213986}}&lt;/ref&gt; Polyurethanes, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Floros |first=Michael |last2=Hojabri |first2=Leila |last3=Abraham |first3=Eldho |last4=Jose |first4=Jesmy |last5=Thomas |first5=Sabu |last6=Pothan |first6=Laly |last7=Leao |first7=Alcides Lopes |last8=Narine |first8=Suresh |year=2012 |title=Enhancement of thermal stability, strength and extensibility of lipid-based polyurethanes with cellulose-based nanofibers |journal=Polymer Degradation and Stability |volume=97 |issue=10 |pages=1970–1978 |doi=10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.02.016}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pillai |first=Prasanth K. S. |last2=Floros |first2=Michael C. |last3=Narine |first3=Suresh S. |date=2017-07-03 |title=Elastomers from Renewable Metathesized Palm Oil Polyols |journal=ACS Sustainable Chemistry &amp; Engineering |volume=5 |issue=7 |pages=5793–5799 |doi=10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00517}}&lt;/ref&gt; polyesters, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Can |first=E. |last2=Küsefoğlu |first2=S. |last3=Wool |first3=R. P. |date=2001-07-05 |title=Rigid, thermosetting liquid molding resins from renewable resources. I. Synthesis and polymerization of soy oil monoglyceride maleates |journal=Journal of Applied Polymer Science |volume=81 |issue=1 |pages=69–77 |doi=10.1002/app.1414 |issn=1097-4628}}&lt;/ref&gt; epoxy resins &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Stemmelen |first=M. |last2=Pessel |first2=F. |last3=Lapinte |first3=V. |last4=Caillol |first4=S. |last5=Habas |first5=J.-P. |last6=Robin |first6=J.-J. |date=2011-06-01 |title=A fully biobased epoxy resin from vegetable oils: From the synthesis of the precursors by thiol-ene reaction to the study of the final material |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00587993/file/JPOLSCI.pdf |journal=Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry |volume=49 |issue=11 |pages=2434–2444 |bibcode=2011JPoSA..49.2434S |doi=10.1002/pola.24674 |issn=1099-0518 |s2cid=78089334}}&lt;/ref&gt; da wasu nau'ikan polymers an haɓaka su tare da kwatankwacin kaddarorin kayan mai. Cigaban da aka samu kwanan nan na olefin metathesis ya buɗe nau'ikan abinci iri-iri zuwa sauya tattalin arziki zuwa biomonomers da polymers.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Meier |first=Michael A. R. |date=2009-07-21 |title=Metathesis with Oleochemicals: New Approaches for the Utilization of Plant Oils as Renewable Resources in Polymer Science |journal=Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics |volume=210 |issue=13–14 |pages=1073–1079 |doi=10.1002/macp.200900168 |issn=1521-3935 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tare da karuwar samar da man kayan lambu na gargajiya da kuma man fetur da aka samo daga microalgae mai arha,  akwai babbar damar ci gaba a wannan yanki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mata |first=Teresa M. |last2=Martins |first2=António A. |last3=Caetano |first3=Nidia. S. |year=2010 |title=Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review |journal=Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=217–232 |doi=10.1016/j.rser.2009.07.020 |s2cid=15481966 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tasirin muhalli ==
[[Fayil:Bottle_made_from_Cellulose_Acetate_Biograde.JPG|thumb|Gilashin da aka yi da cellulose acetate biograde]]
Ana amfani da kayan aiki irin su starch, cellulose, itace, sukari da biomass a matsayin maye gurbin albarkatun man fetur don samar da bioplastics; wannan ya sa samar da bioplatics ya zama aiki mai ɗorewa idan aka kwatanta da samar da filastik na al'ada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot;&gt;Gironi, F., and Vincenzo Piemonte. &quot;Bioplastics and Petroleum-Based Plastics: Strengths and Weaknesses.&quot; Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, vol. 33, no. 21, 2011, pp. 1949–59, doi:10.1080/15567030903436830.&lt;/ref&gt; Sau dayawa ana muhawara game da tasirin muhalli na bioplastics, saboda akwai ma'auni daban-daban don &quot;kore&quot; (misali, amfani da ruwa, amfani da makamashi, sare daji, biodegradation, da dai sauransu).  &lt;ref&gt;Yates, Madeleine R., and Claire Y. Barlow. &quot;Life Cycle Assessments of Biodegradable, Commercial Biopolymers - A Critical Review.&quot; Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 78, Elsevier B.V., 2013, pp. 54–66, doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.06.010.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;BiodegradableEnvironmentalImpactAxion&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 February 2018 |title=Are biodegradable plastics better for the environment? |url=https://axiongroup.co.uk/news/biodegradable-plastics-better-environment/ |access-date=2018-12-14 |publisher=Axion}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BiodegradableImpactMiles&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Miles |first=Lindsay |date=22 March 2018 |title=Biodegradable Plastic: Is It Really Eco-Friendly? |url=https://treadingmyownpath.com/2018/03/22/biodegradable-plastic-is-it-really-eco-friendly/ |access-date=2018-12-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saboda haka tasirin muhalli na bioplastic ana rarraba shi cikin amfani da makamashi mara sabuntawa, canjin yanayi, eutrophication da acid.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot;&gt;Weiss, Martin, et al. &quot;A Review of the Environmental Impacts of Biobased Materials.&quot; Journal of Industrial Ecology, vol. 16, no. SUPPL.1, 2012, doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00468.x.&lt;/ref&gt; Samar da kwayoyin halitta yana rage fitar da iskar gas kuma yana rage amfani da makamashi mara sabuntawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot; /&gt; Kamfanoni a duk duniya zasu iya kara dorewar muhalli na samfuran su ta hanyar amfani da bioplastics &lt;ref&gt;Brockhaus, Sebastian, et al. &quot;A Crossroads for Bioplastics: Exploring Product Developers' Challenges to Move beyond Petroleum-Based Plastics.&quot; Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 127, Elsevier Ltd, 2016, pp. 84–95, doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.003.
&lt;/ref&gt;

Kodayake bioplastics suna adana karin makamashi wanda baza'a iya sabuntawa ba fiye da filastik na al'ada kuma suna fitar da ƙananan iskar gas idan aka kwatanta da filastic na al'adu, bioplastics suma suna da mummunan tasirin muhalli kamar eutrophication da acidization.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot;&gt;Weiss, Martin, et al. &quot;A Review of the Environmental Impacts of Biobased Materials.&quot; Journal of Industrial Ecology, vol. 16, no. SUPPL.1, 2012, doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00468.x.&lt;/ref&gt; Bioplastics suna haifar da mafi girman yiwuwar eutrophication fiye da filastik na al'ada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; Samar da kwayoyin halitta a lokacin ayyukan noma na masana'antu yana haifar da nitrate da phosphate don tacewa cikin jikin ruwa; wannan yana haifar da eutrophication, tsarin da jiki na ruwa ke samun wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; Eutrophication barazana ce ga albarkatun ruwa a duniya tun lokacin da yake haifar da fure mai cutarwa wanda ke haifar da wuraren da suka mutu na oxygen, yana kashe dabbobin ruwa.&lt;ref&gt;Sinha, E., et al. &quot;Eutrophication Will Increase during the 21st Century as a Result of Precipitation Changes.&quot; Science, vol. 357, no. July, 2017, pp. 405–08.&lt;/ref&gt; Bioplastics kuma suna kara yawan acid.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; Babban karuwa a cikin eutrophication da acidisation wanda bioplastics ya haifar ya haifar da amfani da taki na sinadarai a cikin noman albarkatun kasa masu sabuntawa don samar da bioplastics.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot;&gt;Gironi, F., and Vincenzo Piemonte. &quot;Bioplastics and Petroleum-Based Plastics: Strengths and Weaknesses.&quot; Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, vol. 33, no. 21, 2011, pp. 1949–59, doi:10.1080/15567030903436830.&lt;/ref&gt;

Sauran tasirin muhalli na bioplastics sun haɗa da yin amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ɗan adam da na ƙasa da kuma yiwuwar cutar kansa idan aka kwatanta da filastik na al'ada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot;&gt;Weiss, Martin, et al. &quot;A Review of the Environmental Impacts of Biobased Materials.&quot; Journal of Industrial Ecology, vol. 16, no. SUPPL.1, 2012, doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00468.x.&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, bioplastics suna yin amfani da mafi girman ecotoxicity na ruwa fiye da kayan al'ada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; Bioplastics da sauran kayan da suka danganci halittu suna kara raguwar ozone na stratospheric idan aka kwatanta da filastik na al'ada; wannan shine sakamakon fitar da nitrous oxide yayin aikace-aikacen taki yayin aikin gona na masana'antu don samar da biomass.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; takin zamani yana ƙara hayakin nitrous oxide musamman lokacin da amfanin gona ba ya buƙatar duk nitrogen.&lt;ref&gt;Rosas, Francisco, et al. &quot;Nitrous Oxide Emission Reductions from Cutting Excessive Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications.&quot; Climatic Change, vol. 132, no. 2, 2015, pp. 353–67, doi:10.1007/s10584-015-1426-y.&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙananan tasirin muhalli na bioplastics sun haɗa da guba ta hanyar amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta a kan amfanin gona da akayi amfani dasu don yin bioplastics.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot;&gt;Gironi, F., and Vincenzo Piemonte. &quot;Bioplastics and Petroleum-Based Plastics: Strengths and Weaknesses.&quot; Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, vol. 33, no. 21, 2011, pp. 1949–59, doi:10.1080/15567030903436830.&lt;/ref&gt; Bioplastics kuma suna haifar da hayakin carbon dioxide daga motocin girbi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot; /&gt; Sauran ƙananan tasirin muhalli sun haɗa da yawan amfani da ruwa don noma, rushewar ƙasa, asarar carbon na ƙasa da asarar halittu masu yawa, kuma galibi sakamakon amfani da ƙasa ne da ke da alaƙa da bioplastics.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; Amfani da ƙasa don samar da kwayoyin halitta yana haifar da ɓacewar carbon kuma yana ƙara farashin carbon yayin karkatar da ƙasa daga amfanin dake akwai &lt;ref&gt;Gironi, F., and Vincenzo Piemonte. &quot;Land-Use Change Emissions: How Green Are the Bioplastics?&quot; Environmental Progress &amp; Sustainable Energy, vol. 30, no. 4, 2010, pp. 685–691, doi:10.1002/ep.10518.&lt;/ref&gt;

Kodayake bioplastics suna da fa'ida sosai saboda suna rage amfani da baza'a iya sabuntawa bada kuma fitar da GHG, suna kuma shafar muhalli ta hanyar amfani da ƙasa da ruwa, ta amfani da maganin ƙwayoyin cuta da taki, eutrophication da acidization; saboda haka fifiko na mutum ga ko dai bioplastics ko filastik na al'ada ya dogara da abinda mutum ya ɗauka mafi mahimmancin tasirin muhalli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot;&gt;Gironi, F., and Vincenzo Piemonte. &quot;Bioplastics and Petroleum-Based Plastics: Strengths and Weaknesses.&quot; Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, vol. 33, no. 21, 2011, pp. 1949–59, doi:10.1080/15567030903436830.&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani batu tare da bioplastics, shine cewa wasu bioplastics ana yin su ne daga sassan amfanin gona masu cin abinci. Wannan yana sa bioplastics su yi gasa da samar da abinci saboda amfanin gona da ke samar da bioplastics ana iya amfani da su don ciyar da mutane.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cho&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cho |first=Renee |title=The truth about bioplastics |url=https://phys.org/news/2017-12-truth-bioplastics.html |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=phys.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan bioplastics ana kiransu &quot;1st generation feedstock bioplastics&quot;.Bioplastics na ƙarni na 2 suna amfani da amfanin gona wanda ba abinci ba (abinci na cellulosic) ko kayan sharar gida daga kayan shararru na ƙarni 1 (misali man kayan lambu). Bioplastics na ƙarni na uku suna amfani da algae a matsayin kayan abinci.&lt;ref&gt;[https://bioplasticsnews.com/2018/09/12/bioplastic-feedstock-1st-2nd-and-3rd-generations/ Bioplastic Feedstock 1st, 2nd and 3rd Generations]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Biodegradation na Bioplastics ===
{{Packaging}}
[[Fayil:Air_Pillow_made_of_PLA-Blend_Bio-Flex.jpg|thumb|Kunshin matashin iska da akayi da PLA-blend bio-flex]]
Biodegradation na kowane filastik tsari ne wanda ke faruwa a tsayayyen / ruwa inda enzymes a cikin ruwa suka lalata tsayayyen.&lt;ref&gt;Degli-Innocenti, Francesco. &quot;Biodegradation of Plastics and Ecotoxicity Testing: When Should It Be Done.&quot; Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 5, no. SEP, 2014, pp. 1–3, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00475.&lt;/ref&gt; Wasu nau'ikan bioplastics da filastik na al'ada dake dauke da kari suna iya lalacewa.&lt;ref&gt;Gómez, Eddie F., and Frederick C. Michel. &quot;Biodegradability of Conventional and Bio-Based Plastics and Natural Fiber Composites during Composting, Anaerobic Digestion and Long-Term Soil Incubation.&quot; Polymer Degradation and Stability, vol. 98, no. 12, 2013, pp. 2583–2591., doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.09.018.&lt;/ref&gt; Bioplastics suna iya lalacewa a cikin mahalli daban-daban saboda haka sunfi karɓa fiye da filastik na al'ada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot;&gt;Emadian, S. Mehdi, et al. &quot;Biodegradation of Bioplastics in Natural Environments.&quot; Waste Management, vol. 59, Elsevier Ltd, 2017, pp. 526–36, doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2016.10.006.&lt;/ref&gt; Biodegradability na bioplastics yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na muhalli ciki har da ƙasa, yanayin ruwa da takin mai.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Dukkanin tsari da abun dake ciki na biopolymer ko bio-composite suna da tasiri a kan tsarin biodegradation, saboda haka canza abun da ke cikinsa da tsari na iya kara biodegradability.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Ƙasa da takin mai a matsayin yanayin muhalli sunfi dacewa a cikin biodegradation saboda yawan bambancin microbial.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Compoosting ba wai kawai biodegrades bioplastics yadda ya kamata ba amma kuma yana rage fitar da iskar gas.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Biodegradability na bioplastics a cikin mahalli mai narkewa za a iya inganta ta hanyar ƙara karin sukari mai narkewar da kara yawan zafin jiki.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Yanayin ƙasa a gefe guda suna da babban bambancin microorganisms wanda ke sauƙaƙa lalacewar bioplastics.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Koyaya, bioplastics a cikin yanayin ƙasa suna buƙatar yanayin zafi mafi girma da kuma lokaci mai tsawo don biodegrade.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Wasu kwayoyin halitta sun lalace yadda ya kamata a cikin ruwa da tsarin ruwa; duk da haka, wannan yana haifar da haɗari ga yanayin halittu na ruwa da ruwa mai laushi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Saboda haka daidai ne a kammala cewa biodegradation na bioplastics a cikin ruwa jiki wanda ke haifar da mutuwar ruwa da ruwa mara lafiya ana iya lura da shi a matsayin daya daga cikin mummunar tasirin muhalli na bioplastic.

== Bioplastics don kayan gini ==
Ma'anar bioplastics ta samo asali ne daga farkon karni na 20. Koyaya, gagarumin cigaba yafaru a cikin shekarun 1980 da 1990 lokacin da masu bincike suka fara haɓaka filastik masu narkewa daga tushen halitta. Masana'antar gine-gine ta fara lura da yiwuwar bioplastics a ƙarshen 2000s, wanda aka motsa ta hanyar turawa ta duniya don ayyukan gine-gine masu kyau.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, bioplastics sun ga ci gaba mai yawa dangane da dorewa, tsada-tasiri, da aiki. Sabbin abubuwa a cikin cakuda biopolymer da sinadarai sun sanya bioplastics sunfi dacewa da aikace-aikacen gini, daga rufi zuwa kayan aikin tsari.

=== Aikace-aikacen A Ginin ===

; Rufewa
: Ana iya amfani da kwayoyin halitta don ƙirƙirar kayan kariya masu inganci da muhalli. Polylactic acid (PLA) da polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) ana amfani da su don wannan dalili saboda yanayin zafi da biodegradability.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ecbf.vc/biodegradable-bioplastics&lt;/ref&gt;

; Gidauniyar ƙasa
: Abubuwan dake tattare da halittu, kamar waɗanda aka yi daga PLA da fiber na halitta, suna bada madaidaiciya da ɗorewa ga kayan ado na gargajiya. Suna da daraja musamman saboda ƙananan sawun carbon da sake amfani dasu.

; Panels da Rufewa
: Binciken Bioplastic, wanda akayi daga cakuda fiber na halitta da biopolymers, suna bada zaɓi mai kyau don rufe bango da rarraba. Wadannan kayan suna da sauƙi, masu ɗorewa, kuma ana iya tsara su don kwaikwayon kayan gargajiya kamar itace ko dutse.

; Ayyuka
: Ana amfani da kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsari don simintin simintin. Suna bada fa'idodi dangane da sake amfani, rage nauyi, da rage tasirin muhalli idan aka kwatanta da kayan al'ada.&lt;ref&gt;https://plasticconcreteformwork.com/environmental-benefits-of-plastic-formwork-in-concrete-construction/&lt;/ref&gt;

; Ƙarfafawa
: Za'a iya amfani da sinadaran Bioplastic da aka ƙarfafa tare da fiber na halitta ko wasu kayan aiki a aikace-aikacen tsari, suna bada madadin mai ɗorewa ga ƙarfe ko fiberglass.

=== Fa'idodin Bioplastics a cikin Gine-gine Tasirin Muhalli ===

; Rage sawun carbon
: Bioplastics an samo su ne daga hanyoyin sabuntawa, wanda ke rage sawun carbon na kayan gini.

; Rashin lalacewa
: Yawancin bioplastics suna iya lalacewa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen rage sharar gida da gurɓata muhalli a ƙarshen rayuwarsu.

; Ingancin Makamashi
: Samar da kwayoyin halitta gabaɗaya yana buƙatar ƙarancin makamashi idan aka kwatanta da filastik na al'ada, ƙara rage tasirin muhalli.

=== Fa'idodin Tattalin Arziki ===

; Kyakkyawan albarkatu
: Amfani da bioplastics na iya rage dogaro da man fetur na burbushin halittu kuma yabada gudummawa ga ingantaccen amfani da albarkatun halitta.

; Cigaban Kasuwanci
: Kasuwar bioplastics tana fadada, ta hanyar karuwar buƙatun kayan gini masu ɗorewa. Wannan ci gaban yana gabatar da sabbin damar tattalin arziki ga masana'antun da masu samarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.vantagemarketresearch.com/industry-report/bioplastics-market-2274?trk=article-ssr-frontend-pulse_little-text-block |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-07-12 |archive-date=2024-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240708210043/https://www.vantagemarketresearch.com/industry-report/bioplastics-market-2274?trk=article-ssr-frontend-pulse_little-text-block |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ƙalubalen da Ƙuntatawa ===

; Kudin
: Bioplastics sau dayawa sunfi tsada don samarwa fiye da filastik na gargajiya, wanda zai iya zama shingen ga yaduwar tallafi a cikin masana'antar gine-gine mai tsada. Koyaya, anasa ran cigaban bincike da fasaha don rage farashin a tsawon lokaci.

; Ayyuka
: Duk da yake bioplastics sunyi gagarumin cigaba, wasu nau'ikan har yanzu suna bayan kayan gargajiya dangane da ƙarfi, tsayi, da juriya ga abubuwan muhalli kamar bayyanar UV da danshi.&lt;ref&gt;https://primebiopol.com/bioplasticos-y-plasticos-convencionales-un-analisis-comparativo/?lang=en&lt;/ref&gt;

; Ƙayyadaddun Aikace-aikace
: A halin yanzu, bioplastics sun dace da iyakantaccen aikace-aikace a cikin gini. fadada amfani dasu zuwa matsayi mai mahimmanci zai buƙaci cigaba da gwaji.

=== Abubuwan da za su faru a nan gaba ===
Makomar bioplastics a cikin gini tana da kyau, tare da cigaba da bincike da kirkire-kirkire masu yiwuwa su faɗaɗa aikace-aikacen su da inganta ayyukansu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sameerabuildingconstruction.com/can-bioplastics-replace-traditional-materials-in-building/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-07-12 |archive-date=2024-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240708213339/https://sameerabuildingconstruction.com/can-bioplastics-replace-traditional-materials-in-building/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yayinda masana'antar gine-gine ke karuwa da dorewa, bioplastics suna shirye su taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban kayan gini masu aminci.&lt;ref&gt;https://itechmag.org/paper/volume%201/03-08.pdf{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bioplastics suna bada zaɓi mai ɗorewa da amfani ga kayan gini na gargajiya, tare da fa'idodin muhalli da tattalin arziki. Duk da yake ƙalubalen sun kasance, musamman dangane da farashi da aiki, cigaban dake gudana a cikin fasahar bioplastic &lt;ref&gt;https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/1158/1/012008/pdf&lt;/ref&gt; yana da damar canza masana'antar gine-gine da kuma bada gudummawa ga makomar da tafi dacewa.

== Masana'antu da kasuwanni ==
[[Fayil:Teebeutel_Polylactid_2009.jpg|thumb|Takalma na shayi da akayi da polylactide (PLA) (sha'irori) ]]
Duk da yake filastik da suka danganci kayan kwayoyin halitta sun ƙera sune ta kamfanonin sunadarai a cikin karni na 20, kamfanin farko daya mai da hankali kan bioplastics - Marlborough Biopolymers - an kafa shine a 1983. Koyaya, Marlborough da sauran kamfanonin da suka biyo baya sun kasa samun nasarar kasuwanci, tare da irin wannan kamfani na farko don samun nasarar kudi na dogon lokaci shine kamfanin Novamont na Italiya, wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1989. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Axel |date=5 September 2018 |title=The History and Most Important Innovations of Bioplastics |url=https://bioplasticsnews.com/2018/07/05/history-of-bioplastics/ |website=Bioplastics News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bioplastics sun kasance ƙasa da kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari na duk filastik da aka ƙera a duk duniya.&lt;ref name=&quot;dx.doi.org2&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |date=March 2016 |title=Ready to Grow: The Biodegradable Polymers Market |journal=Plastics Engineering |volume=72 |issue=3 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1002/j.1941-9635.2016.tb01489.x |issn=0091-9578}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Darby |first=Debra |date=August 2012 |title=Bioplastics Industry Report |url=https://www.biocycle.net/2012/08/15/bioplastics-industry-report/ |journal=BioCycle |volume=53 |issue=8 |pages=40–44}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin bioplastics basu adana karin hayaki na carbon ba fiye da yadda ake buƙata don ƙera su.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Rujnić-Sokele |first=Maja |last2=Pilipović |first2=Ana |date=September 2017 |title=Challenges and Opportunities of Biodegradable Plastics: A Mini Review |journal=Waste Management &amp; Research |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=132–140 |doi=10.1177/0734242x16683272 |pmid=28064843 |s2cid=23782848}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kiyasta cewa maye gurbin tan miliyan 250 na filastik da aka ƙera a kowace shekara tare da filastik na rayuwa zai buƙaci hekta miliyan 100 na ƙasa, ko kashi 7 cikin dari na ƙasar noma a Duniya. Kuma lokacin da bioplastics suka kai ƙarshen rayuwarsu, waɗanda aka tsara don zama compostable kuma ana tallata su azaman biodegradable galibi ana aika su zuwa wuraren zubar da shara saboda rashin kayan aikin composting ko rarraba sharar gida, inda suke saki methane yayin da suke rushewa anaerobically.

COPA (Kwamitin Kungiyar Aikin Gona a Tarayyar Turai) da COGEGA (Kwamnatin Aikin Gida a Tarayyen Turai) sunyi kimantawa game da yiwuwar bioplastics a bangarori daban-daban na tattalin arzikin Turai:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Yankin
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Tunanin shekara-shekara
|-
|Kayayyakin abinci||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|450,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Takalma na sharar gida||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|100,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Biodegradable mulch foils||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|130,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Biodegradable foils for diapers||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|80,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Diapers, 100% biodegradable||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|240,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Kunshin kwalliya||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|400,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Kunshin kayan lambu||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|400,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Abubuwan da ke cikin taya||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|200,000||0.0005}}
|-
!'''Jimillar:'''
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |2,000,000
!
|}

== Tarihi da cigaban bioplastics ==
{{Blockquote|''Biobased polymer'' derived from the ''[[biomass]]'' or issued from monomers derived from the biomass and which, at some stage in its processing into finished products, can be shaped by flow.
:''Note 1'': Bioplastic is generally used as the opposite of polymer derived from fossil resources.
:''Note 2'': Bioplastic is misleading because it suggests that any polymer derived from the biomass is ''environmentally friendly''.
:''Note 3'': The use of the term &quot;bioplastic&quot; is discouraged. Use the expression &quot;biobased polymer&quot;.
:''Note 4'': A biobased polymer similar to a petrobased one does not imply any superiority with respect to the environment unless the comparison of respective ''life cycle assessments'' is favourable.&lt;ref name=&quot;IUPAC2012&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|title=Terminology for biorelated polymers and applications (IUPAC Recommendations 2012)|journal=[[Pure and Applied Chemistry]]|year=2012|volume=84|issue=2|pages=377–410|doi=10.1351/PAC-REC-10-12-04|url=http://pac.iupac.org/publications/pac/pdf/2012/pdf/8402x0377.pdf|last1=Vert|first1=Michel|s2cid=98107080|access-date=2013-07-17|archive-date=2015-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319032817/http://pac.iupac.org/publications/pac/pdf/2012/pdf/8402x0377.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

* 1855: First (inferior) version of linoleum produced
* 1862: At the Great London Exhibition, Alexander Parkes displays Parkesine, the first thermoplastic. Parkesine is made from nitrocellulose and had very good properties, but exhibits extreme flammability. (White 1998)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=White |first=J. L. |date=December 1998 |title=Fourth in a Series: Pioneers of Polymer Processing Alexander Parkes |journal=International Polymer Processing |volume=13 |issue=4 |page=326 |doi=10.3139/217.980326 |issn=0930-777X |s2cid=137545344}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1897: Still produced today, Galalith is a milk-based bioplastic that was created by German chemists in 1897. Galalith is primarily found in buttons. (Thielen 2014)
* 1907: Leo Baekeland invented Bakelite, which received the National Historic Chemical Landmark for its non-conductivity and heat-resistant properties. It is used in radio and telephone casings, kitchenware, firearms and many more products. (Pathak, Sneha, Mathew 2014)
* 1912: Brandenberger invents Cellophane out of wood, cotton, or hemp cellulose. (Thielen 2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
* 1920s: Wallace Carothers finds Polylactic Acid (PLA) plastic. PLA is incredibly expensive to produce and is not mass-produced until 1989. (Whiteclouds 2018)
* 1925: Polyhydroxybutyrate was isolated and characterised by French microbiologist [[Maurice Lemoigne]]
* 1926: Maurice Lemoigne invents polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) which is the first bioplastic made from bacteria. (Thielen 2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
* 1930s: The first bioplastic car was made from soy beans by Henry Ford. (Thielen 2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Soybean Car - The Henry Ford |url=https://www.thehenryford.org/collections-and-research/digital-resources/popular-topics/soy-bean-car/ |access-date=2020-12-09 |website=www.thehenryford.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1940-1945: During World War II, an increase in plastic production is seen as it is used in many wartime materials. Due to government funding and oversight the United States production of plastics (in general, not just bioplastics) tripled during 1940-1945 (Rogers 2005).&lt;ref name=&quot;A Brief History of Plastic&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 2005 |title=A Brief History of Plastic |url=https://brooklynrail.org/2005/05/express/a-brief-history-of-plastic |access-date=2018-09-27 |website=The Brooklyn Rail}}&lt;/ref&gt; The 1942 U.S. government short film ''The Tree in a Test Tube'' illustrates the major role bioplastics played in the World War II victory effort and the American economy of the time.
* 1950s: Amylomaize (&gt;50% amylose content corn) was successfully bred and commercial bioplastics applications started to be explored. (Liu, Moult, Long, 2009) A decline in bioplastic development is seen due to the cheap oil prices, however the development of synthetic plastics continues.
* 1970s: The environmental movement spurred more development in bioplastics. (Rogers 2005)&lt;ref name=&quot;A Brief History of Plastic&quot; /&gt;
* 1983: The first bioplastics company, Marlborough Biopolymers, is started which uses a bacteria-based bioplastic called {{Not a typo|biopal}}. (Feder 1985)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=May 1995 |title=New fibre could make stronger parts |journal=Reinforced Plastics |volume=39 |issue=5 |page=17 |doi=10.1016/0034-3617(95)91746-2 |issn=0034-3617}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1989: The further development of PLA is made by Dr. Patrick R. Gruber when he figures out how to create PLA from corn. (Whiteclouds 2018). The leading bioplastic company is created called Novamount. Novamount uses matter-bi, a bioplastic, in multiple different applications. (Novamount 2018)
* Late 1990s: The development of TP starch and BIOPLAST from research and production of the company BIOTEC  lead to the BIOFLEX film. BIOFLEX film can be classified as blown film extrusion, flat film extrusion, and injection moulding lines. These three classifications have applications as follows: Blown films - sacks, bags, trash bags, mulch foils, hygiene products, diaper films, air bubble films, protective clothing, gloves, double rib bags, labels, barrier ribbons; Flat films - trays, flower pots, freezer products and packaging, cups, pharmaceutical packaging; Injection moulding - disposable cutlery, cans, containers, performed pieces, CD trays, cemetery articles, golf tees, toys, writing materials. (Lorcks 1998)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Lörcks |first=Jürgen |date=January 1998 |title=Properties and applications of compostable starch-based plastic material |journal=Polymer Degradation and Stability |volume=59 |issue=1–3 |pages=245–249 |doi=10.1016/s0141-3910(97)00168-7 |issn=0141-3910}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1992: It is reported in Science that PHB can be produced by the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. (Poirier, Dennis, Klomparens, Nawrath, Somerville 1992)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Poirier |first=Yves |last2=Dennis |first2=Douglas |last3=Klomparens |first3=Karen |last4=Nawrath |first4=Christiane |last5=Somerville |first5=Chris |date=December 1992 |title=Perspectives on the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates in plants |journal=FEMS Microbiology Letters |volume=103 |issue=2–4 |pages=237–246 |doi=10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05843.x |issn=0378-1097 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2001: Metabolix inc. purchases Monsanto's biopol business (originally Zeneca) which uses plants to produce bioplastics. (Barber and Fisher 2001)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=1985-12-02 |title=Monsanto finds buyer for oil and gas assets |journal=Chemical &amp; Engineering News |volume=63 |issue=48 |page=5 |doi=10.1021/cen-v063n048.p005a |issn=0009-2347}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2001: Nick Tucker uses elephant grass as a bioplastic base to make plastic car parts. (Tucker 2001)
* 2005: Cargill and Dow Chemicals is rebranded as NatureWorks and becomes the leading PLA producer. (Pennisi 2016)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pennisi |first=Elizabeth |author-link=Elizabeth Pennisi |date=1992-05-16 |title=Natureworks |journal=Science News |volume=141 |issue=20 |pages=328–331 |doi=10.2307/3976489 |issn=0036-8423 |jstor=3976489}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2007: Metabolix inc. market tests its first 100% biodegradable plastic called Mirel, made from corn sugar fermentation and genetically engineered bacteria. (Digregorio 2009)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=DiGregorio |first=Barry E. |date=January 2009 |title=Biobased Performance Bioplastic: Mirel |journal=Chemistry &amp; Biology |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=1–2 |doi=10.1016/j.chembiol.2009.01.001 |issn=1074-5521 |pmid=19171300 |doi-access=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2012: A bioplastic is developed from seaweed proving to be one of the most environmentally friendly bioplastics based on research published in the journal of pharmacy research. (Rajendran, Puppala, Sneha, Angeeleena, Rajam 2012)
* 2013: A patent is put on bioplastic derived from blood and a crosslinking agent like sugars, proteins, etc. (iridoid derivatives, diimidates, diones, carbodiimides, acrylamides, dimethylsuberimidates, aldehydes, Factor XIII, dihomo bifunctional NHS esters, carbonyldiimide, {{Sic|glyoxyls}}, proanthocyanidin, reuterin). This invention can be applied by using the bioplastic as tissue, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, bones, and being used in stem cell delivery. (Campbell, Burgess, Weiss, Smith 2013)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=November 2004 |title=Nanotube technology gains US patent |journal=Reinforced Plastics |volume=48 |issue=10 |page=17 |doi=10.1016/s0034-3617(04)00461-8 |issn=0034-3617}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Campbell |first=Phil G. |last2=Burgess |first2=James E. |last3=Weiss |first3=Lee E. |last4=Smith |first4=Jason |date=18 June 2015 |title=Methods and Apparatus for Manufacturing Plasma Based Plastics and Bioplastics Produced Therefrom |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20150165093A1/en |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2014: It is found in a study published in 2014 that bioplastics can be made from blending vegetable waste (parsley and spinach stems, the husks from cocoa, the hulls of rice, etc.) with TFA solutions of pure cellulose creates a bioplastic. (Bayer, Guzman-Puyol, Heredia-Guerrero, Ceseracciu, Pignatelli, Ruffilli, Cingolani, and Athanassiou 2014)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Bayer |first=Ilker S. |last2=Guzman-Puyol |first2=Susana |last3=Heredia-Guerrero |first3=José Alejandro |last4=Ceseracciu |first4=Luca |last5=Pignatelli |first5=Francesca |last6=Ruffilli |first6=Roberta |last7=Cingolani |first7=Roberto |last8=Athanassiou |first8=Athanassia |date=2014-07-15 |title=Direct Transformation of Edible Vegetable Waste into Bioplastics |url=https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/74866 |journal=Macromolecules |volume=47 |issue=15 |pages=5135–5143 |bibcode=2014MaMol..47.5135B |doi=10.1021/ma5008557 |issn=0024-9297 |access-date=2024-07-12 |archive-date=2024-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202142027/https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/74866 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2016: An experiment finds that a car bumper that passes regulation can be made from nano-cellulose based bioplastic biomaterials using banana peels. (Hossain, Ibrahim, Aleissa 2016)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Sharif Hossain |first=A.B.M. |last2=Ibrahim |first2=Nasir A. |last3=AlEissa |first3=Mohammed Saad |date=September 2016 |title=Nano-cellulose derived bioplastic biomaterial data for vehicle bio-bumper from banana peel waste biomass |journal=Data in Brief |volume=8 |pages=286–294 |doi=10.1016/j.dib.2016.05.029 |issn=2352-3409 |pmc=4906129 |pmid=27331103}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2017: A new proposal for bioplastics made from Lignocellulosics resources (dry plant matter). (Brodin, Malin, Vallejos, Opedal, Area, Chinga-Carrasco 2017)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Brodin |first=Malin |last2=Vallejos |first2=María |last3=Opedal |first3=Mihaela Tanase |last4=Area |first4=María Cristina |last5=Chinga-Carrasco |first5=Gary |date=September 2017 |title=Lignocellulosics as sustainable resources for production of bioplastics – A review |journal=Journal of Cleaner Production |volume=162 |pages=646–664 |doi=10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.05.209 |issn=0959-6526 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2018: Many developments occur including Ikea starting industrial production of bioplastics furniture (Barret 2018), Project Effective focusing on replacing nylon with bio-nylon (Barret 2018), and the first packaging made from fruit (Barret 2018).
* 2019: Five different types of Chitin nanomaterials were extracted and synthesized by the 'Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology' to verify strong personality and antibacterial effects. When buried underground, 100% biodegradation was possible within six months.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Tran TH, Nguyen HL, Hwang DS, Lee JY, Cha HG, Koo JM, Hwang SY, Park J, Oh DX |year=2019 |title=Five different chitin nanomaterials from identical source with different advantageous functions and performances |journal=Carbohydrate Polymers |publisher=Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. |volume=205 |pages=392–400 |doi=10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.089 |issn=0144-8617 |pmid=30446120 |s2cid=53569630}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; ba cikakken jerin bane. Wadannan abubuwan kirkirar suna nuna bambancin bioplastics da muhimman cigaba. Sabbin aikace-aikace da abubuwan kirkirar bioplastics suna cigaba da faruwa. 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Shekara
!Binciken Bioplastic ko Ci gaba
|-
|1862
|Parkesine - Alexander Parkes
|-
|1868
|Celluloid - John Wesley Hyatt
|-
|1897
|Galalith - likitocin Jamus
|-
|1907
|Bakelite - Leo Baekeland
|-
|1912
|Cellophane - Jacques E. Brandenberger
|-
|Shekaru na 1920
|Polylactic Acid (PLA) - Wallace Carothers
|-
|1926
|Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) - Maurice Lemoigne
|-
|Shekaru na 1930
|Soya-bean-based bioplastic mota - Henry Ford
|-
|1983
|Biopal - Marlborough Biopolymers
|-
|1989
|PLA daga masara - Dokta Patrick R. Gruber; Matter-bi - Novamount
|-
|1992
|Ana iya samar da PHB ta hanyar Arabidopsis thaliana (ƙaramin shuka mai fure) 
|-
|1998
|Fim din Bioflex (bugawa, kwance, gyaran allura) yana haifar da aikace-aikace daban-daban na bioplastic
|-
|2001
|PHB za a iya samar da shi ta hanyar giwayen
|-
|2007
|Mirel (100% biodegradable filastik) ta Metabolic inc. an gwada shi a kasuwa
|-
|2012
|Bioplastic an haɓaka shi ne daga albasa
|-
|2013
|Bioplastic da aka yi daga jini da kuma mai haɗin giciye wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin hanyoyin kiwon lafiya
|-
|2014
|Bioplastic da aka yi daga sharar kayan lambu
|-
|2016
|Kamfanin mota da aka yi da kwayar cutar ayaba
|-
|2017
|Bioplastics da aka yi daga albarkatun lignocellulosic (tsire mai bushe) 
|-
|2018
|Kayan kwalliya na bioplastic, bio-nylon, marufi daga 'ya'yan itace
|}
[[Fayil:Bioplastics_Development_Center_-_University_of_Massachusetts_Lowell_-_DSC00107.JPG|thumb|Cibiyar Cigaban Bioplastics - Jami'ar Massachusetts Lowell]]
[[Fayil:PLA-Kugelschreiber_NatureWorks_CG.jpg|thumb|Fensir da akayi da bioplastics (Polylactide, PLA) ]]

== Hanyoyin gwaji ==
[[Fayil:Shampoo_Bottle_made_of_PLA-Blend_Bio-Flex.jpg|thumb|264x264px|Gilashin shampoo na bioplastic da aka yi da PLA-blend bio-flex]]

=== Kasuwancin masana'antu - EN 13432, ASTM D6400 ===
Dole ne A cikin ma'aunin masana'antu na EN 13432 don da'awar cewa samfurin filastik yana iyayin compostable a kasuwar Turai. A taƙaice, yana buƙatar gwaje-gwaje da yawa da kuma saita ka'idojin wucewa / gazawar, gami da rushewa (rugujewar jiki da gani) na abin da aka gama a cikin makonni 1, biodegradation (canja carbon zuwa CO) na sinadaran polymeric a cikin kwanaki 180, guba na shuka da ƙarfe mai nauyi. Matsayin ASTM 6400 shine tsarin tsari na Amurka kuma yana da irin wannan buƙatu.

Yawancin filastik na [[starch]], filastik da ke PLA da wasu mahaɗan co-[[polyester]] na [[Aliphatic]]-aromatic, kamar su succinates da adipates, sun sami waɗannan takaddun shaida. Additive-based bioplastics sayar a matsayin photodegradable ko [[Oxo Biodegradable]] basu bi waɗannan ka'idoji a halin yanzu ba.

=== Compostability - ASTM D6002 ===
Hanyar ASTM D 6002 don ƙayyade compostability na filastik ya bayyana kalmar compostable kamar haka:&lt;blockquote&gt;wanda ke iya fuskantar lalacewar halittu a cikin wani shafin mai mai mai mai amfani dashi don kayan baza'a iya rarrabe su ba kuma ya rushe cikin carbon dioxide, ruwa, mahaɗan inorganic da biomass a cikin adadin daya dace da sanannun kayan mai amfani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Compostable.info |url=http://www.compostable.info/compostable.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; 
Wannan ma'anar ta jawo zargi da yawa saboda, sabanin yadda aka bayyana kalmar a al'ada, ya rabu da tsarin &quot;composting&quot; daga bukatar hakan wanda ke haifar da [[humus]] / compost a matsayin samfurin ƙarshe. Abinda kawai wannan ma'auni ya bayyana shi ne cewa filastik mai sarrafawa dole ne ya nemi yatafi da sauri kamar yadda wani abu da mutum ya riga ya kafa ya zama mai sarrafawa a ƙarƙashin ma'anar gargajiya.

==== . ASTM D 6002 ====
A watan Janairun 2011, ASTM ta janye ma'auni na ASTM D 6002, wanda yaba masana'antun filastik amincin doka don lakafta filastik a matsayin mai sarrafawa. Bayanansa kamar haka:&lt;blockquote&gt;Wannan jagorar da aka rufe ta bada shawarar ka'idoji, hanyoyin, da kuma hanyar gaba ɗaya don kafa compostability na filastik masu lalacewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ASTM D6002 - 96(2002)e1 Standard Guide for Assessing the Compostability of Environmentally Degradable Plastics (Withdrawn 2011) |url=http://www.astm.org/Standards/D6002.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221192326/https://www.astm.org/Standards/D6002.htm |archive-date=2019-12-21 |access-date=2012-09-05 |website=astm.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;ASTM har yanzu bai maye gurbin wannan ma'auni ba.

=== Biobased - ASTM D6866 ===
An haɓaka hanyar ASTM D6866 don tabbatar da abubuwan da aka samo daga kwayoyin halitta na bioplastics. Hasken sararin samaniya dake haɗuwa da yanayi yana nufin cewa wasu daga cikin carbon shine isotope carbon-14. CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; daga yanayi ana amfani dashi ta shuke-shuke a cikin photosynthesis, don haka sabon kayan shuke-huke zasu ƙunshi carbon-14 da carbon-12. A karkashin yanayin daya dace, da kuma a kan lokutan geological, za'a iya canza ragowar halittu masu rai zuwa burbushin burbushin halittu. Bayan ~ shekaru 100,000 duk carbon-14 dake cikin asalin kwayoyin halitta zasu sha wahala a cikin lalacewar rediyo inda suka bar carbon-12 kawai. Samfurin da aka yi daga biomass zai sami matakin carbon-14, yayin da samfurin da akayi da sinadarin man fetur bazai sami carbon-14. Za'a iya auna kashi na carbon mai sabuntawa a cikin kayan (mai ƙarfi ko ruwa) tare da ma'aunin ma'auni mai sauri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ASTM D6866 - 11 Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis |url=http://www.astm.org/Standards/D6866.htm |access-date=2011-08-14 |publisher=Astm.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2010-02-24 |title=NNFCC Newsletter&amp;nbsp;– Issue 16. Understanding Bio-based Content&amp;nbsp;— NNFCC |url=http://www.nnfcc.co.uk/publications/nnfcc-newsletter-issue-16-understanding-bio-based-content |access-date=2011-08-14 |publisher=Nnfcc.co.uk |archive-date=2011-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720182801/http://www.nnfcc.co.uk/publications/nnfcc-newsletter-issue-16-understanding-bio-based-content |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Akwai muhimmiyar bambanci tsakanin [[Rashin lalacewa|biodegradability]] da abun ciki na biobased. A bioplastic irin su high-density polyethylene (HDPE) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Braskem |url=http://www.braskem.com.br/site/portal_braskem/en/sala_de_imprensa/sala_de_imprensa_detalhes_6062.aspx |access-date=2011-08-14 |publisher=Braskem}}&lt;/ref&gt; iya zama 100% biobased (watau dauke da 100% sabunta carbon), duk da haka ba-biodegradable. Wadannan bioplastics irin su HDPE duk da haka suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rage iskar gas, musamman lokacin da aka ƙone su don samar da makamashi. Sashe na biobased na waɗannan bioplastics ana ɗaukar su carbon-neutral tunda asalin su ya fito ne daga biomass

=== Anaerobic biodegradability - ASTM D5511-02 da ASTM D 5526 ===
ASTM D5511-12 da ASTM D 5526-12 hanyoyin gwaji ne waɗanda suka bi ka'idodin duniya kamar ISO DIS 15985 don biodegradability na filastik.

== Dubi kuma ==
  

== Manazarta ==
 

== Ƙarin karantawa ==

* [https://www.proquest.com/docview/1347639560 Flastik ba tare da Tarihin Man Fetur ba da Siyasa na 'Green' Flastik a Amurka]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=KZCNJ8qSWKYC ''Filastik da muhalli'']
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=SUCtOwns7TEC&amp;pg=PA155 &quot;Ginin Jama'a na Bakelite: Zuwa ga ka'idar kirkirar&quot;] a cikin The Social Construction of Technological Systems, shafuffuka 155-182&amp;nbsp;

== Haɗin waje ==

* [http://www.gcis.com.cn/11-multi-client-market-research-reports/204-china-biodegradable-plastics-market-research-report Binciken Kasuwar China don Flastik mai lalacewa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210904192810/http://www.gcis.com.cn/11-multi-client-market-research-reports/204-china-biodegradable-plastics-market-research-report |date=2021-09-04 }} An adana shi 2021-09-04 a , Mayu 2017, GCiS China Strategic Research
[[Rukuni:Muhalli]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:BiodegradablePlasticUtensils1.jpg|thumb|Kayan filastik da za a iya lalata suKayan aiki]]
[[Fayil:Flower_Wrapping_made_of_PLA-Blend_Bio-Flex.jpg|thumb|Rufewar furanni da akayi da PLA-blend bio-flex]]
[[Fayil:Classification of bioplastics.jpg|thumb|rabe raben kayan roba]]
'''Bioplastics''' kayan filastik ne da aka samar daga tushen biomass mai sabuntawa, kamar su kitse na kayan lambu da mai, [[starch]]&quot; id=&quot;mwFA&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Corn starch&quot;&gt;starch na masara, kara, woodchips, sawdust, sharar abinci da aka sake amfani da su, da dai sauransu. Ana samun wasu bioplastics ta hanyar sarrafawa kai tsaye daga Biopolymers na halitta ciki har da polysaccharides (misali, starch, cellulose, chitosan, da Alginate) da sunadarai (misali), yayin da suka samo asali daga [[sukari]] ko kuma shuke-shuke da suka zama sinadarin sukari, sinadarin sinadarin (sugar, sinadarai) (sugar da sinadarin da sinadarai, sinadurin sinadarin) (samar, sinadari, sinadaran (misali) (s. Sabanin haka, filastik na yau da kullun, kamar filastik mai burbushin halittu (wanda ake kira polymers na [[Danyen mai|man fetur]]) an samo su ne daga man fetur ko iskar gas.

Ɗaya daga cikin fa'idodin bioplastics shine 'yancin kansu daga man fetur a matsayin albarkatun kasa, wanda shine iyaka kuma ba'a rarraba shi ba'a duniya wanda keda alaƙa da siyasar man fetur da Tasirin muhalli. Nazarin nazarin sake zagayowar rayuwa ya nuna cewa ana iya yin wasu bioplastics tare da ƙananan sawun carbon fiye da takwarorinsu na burbushin halittu, misali lokacin da ake amfani da biomass a matsayin albarkatun kasa da kuma samar da makamashi. Koyaya, wasu hanyoyin bioplastics basu da inganci kuma suna haifar da sawun carbon mafi girma fiye da burbushin filastik. &lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Rosenboom |first=Jan-Georg |last2=Langer |first2=Robert |last3=Traverso |first3=Giovanni |date=2022-02-20 |title=Bioplastics for a circular economy |journal=Nature Reviews Materials |language=en |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=117–137 |bibcode=2022NatRM...7..117R |doi=10.1038/s41578-021-00407-8 |issn=2058-8437 |pmc=8771173 |pmid=35075395}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=S. |last2=Rothman |first2=R. |date=2020-07-10 |title=Life cycle assessment of bio-based and fossil-based plastic: A review |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652620312051 |journal=Journal of Cleaner Production |language=en |volume=261 |page=121158 |doi=10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121158 |issn=0959-6526 |s2cid=216414551 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pellis |first=Alessandro |last2=Malinconico |first2=Mario |last3=Guarneri |first3=Alice |last4=Gardossi |first4=Lucia |date=2021-01-25 |title=Renewable polymers and plastics: Performance beyond the green |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871678420301813 |journal=New Biotechnology |language=en |volume=60 |pages=146–158 |doi=10.1016/j.nbt.2020.10.003 |issn=1871-6784 |pmid=33068793 |s2cid=224321496}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bambanci tsakanin filastik daba na ''burbushin halittu'' ba (bio) da filastik na burbushi yana da iyakacin dacewa tunda kayan kamar man fetur kansu kawai burbushin burbushin halitta ne. Saboda haka, ko kowane irin filastik yana da lalacewa ko wanda ba zai iya lalacewa ba (mai dorewa) ya dogara da tsarin kwayoyinsa, ba'a kan ko biomass dake samar da albarkatun kasa ya zama burbushin ba. Dukkanin bioplastics masu ɗorewa, kamar su Bio-PET ko [[polyethylene]]&quot; id=&quot;mwOQ&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Biopolyethylene&quot;&gt;biopolyethylene (masu kama da polyethylene terephthalate da polyethylene na burbushin halittu), da bioplastics mai lalacewa, kamar Polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, ko polyhydroxyalkanoates, sun wanzu. Bioplastics dole ne a sake amfani dasu kamar filastik na burbushin halittu don kauce wa gurɓata filastik; &quot;sauka-in&quot; bioplastics (kamar biopolyethylene) ya dace da kogunan sake amfani da yanzu. A gefe guda, sake amfani da kwayoyin halitta a cikin kogunan sake amfani na yanzu yana haifar da ƙarin ƙalubale, saboda yana iya haɓaka farashin rarrabawa da rage amfanin gona da ingancin sake amfani. Koyaya, biodegradation ba shine kawai hanyar da aka yarda da ita ba don maganin halittu mai lalacewa, kuma sake amfani da inji da sinadarai galibi shine zaɓi da aka fi so daga ra'ayin muhalli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Fredi |first=Giulia |last2=Dorigato |first2=Andrea |date=2021-07-01 |title=Recycling of bioplastic waste: A review |journal=Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research |language=en |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=159–177 |doi=10.1016/j.aiepr.2021.06.006 |s2cid=237852939 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Biodegradability na iya bada hanyar ƙarshen rayuwa a wasu aikace-aikace, kamar su mulch na noma, amma manufar biodegradation ba ta da sauƙi kamar yadda mutane da yawa suka yi imani. Samun yiwuwar biodegradation ya dogara sosai da tsarin kashin sinadarai na polymer, kuma bioplastics daban-daban suna da tsari daban-daban, don haka ba za'a iya ɗauka cewa bioplastic a cikin muhalli zai rushe cikin sauƙi ba. Hakanan, ana iya haɗa filastik masu narkewa daga man fetur.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bioplastics (PLA) - World Centric |url=http://www.worldcentric.org/biocompostables/bioplastics |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190309234733/http://www.worldcentric.org/biocompostables/bioplastics |archive-date=2019-03-09 |access-date=2018-07-15 |website=worldcentric.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya zuwa 2018, bioplastics ya wakilci kusan 2% na fitar da filastik na duniya (&gt; tan miliyan 380). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Chinthapalli |first=Raj |last2=Skoczinski |first2=Pia |last3=Carus |first3=Michael |last4=Baltus |first4=Wolfgang |last5=de Guzman |first5=Doris |last6=Käb |first6=Harald |last7=Raschka |first7=Achim |last8=Ravenstijn |first8=Jan |date=2019-08-01 |title=Biobased Building Blocks and Polymers—Global Capacities, Production and Trends, 2018–2023 |url=https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ind.2019.29179.rch |journal=Industrial Biotechnology |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=237–241 |doi=10.1089/ind.2019.29179.rch |issn=1550-9087 |s2cid=202017074}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tare da cigaba da bincike kan bioplastics, saka hannun jari a cikin kamfanonin bioplastic da haɓaka bincike kan filastik na burbushin burbushin halittu, bioplastics suna zama mafi rinjaye a wasu kasuwanni, yayin da fitar da filastik burbushin kuma ke ƙaruwa a hankali.

== Ma'anar IUPAC ==
Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Pure da Applied Chemistry ta bayyana polymer mai laushi kamar haka:
{{Reflist|2}}

== Aikace-aikacen da aka gabatar ==
[[Fayil:Bio-K_Abfallbeutel_Kompostbeutel_CG.jpg|thumb|Kayayyakin akwatin da akayi daga bioplastics da sauran filastik masu lalacewa]]
Akwai aikace-aikacen kasuwanci kaɗan don bioplastics. Farashi da aiki sun kasance matsala. Misali na Italiya ne, inda jakunkunan filastik masu lalacewa suka zama tilas ga masu siye tun daga 2011 tare da gabatar da takamaiman doka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consiglio dei Ministri conferma la messa al bando dei sacchetti di plastica non biodegradabili - Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare |url=http://www.minambiente.it/comunicati/consiglio-dei-ministri-conferma-la-messa-al-bando-dei-sacchetti-di-plastica-non |website=minambiente.it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Baya ga kayan tsari, ana haɓaka bioplastics na lantarki wanda ke alkawarin ɗaukar wutar lantarki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Suszkiw |first=Jan |date=December 2005 |title=Electroactive Bioplastics Flex Their Industrial Muscle |url=http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/dec05/plastic1205.htm |access-date=2011-11-28 |website=News &amp; Events |publisher=[[USDA]] Agricultural Research Service}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ana amfani da kwayoyin halitta don abubuwan da za'a iya zubar dasu, kamar marufi, kayan kwalliya, tukwane, kwano, da kara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=G. |last2=Patel |first2=M. |year=2012 |title=Plastics derived from biological sources: Present and future: P technical and environmental review |journal=Chemical Reviews |volume=112 |issue=4 |pages=2082–2099 |doi=10.1021/cr200162d |pmid=22188473}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Biopolymers suna samuwa a matsayin murfin takarda maimakon murfin man fetur na yau da kullun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Khwaldia |first=Khaoula |last2=Elmira Arab-Tehrany |last3=Stephane Desobry |year=2010 |title=Biopolymer Coatings on Paper Packaging Materials |journal=Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=82–91 |doi=10.1111/j.1541-4337.2009.00095.x |pmid=33467805 |doi-access=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bioplastics da ake kira drop-in bioplastics suna da sunadarai iri ɗaya da takwarorinsu na burbushin halittu amma anyi sune daga albarkatun sabuntawa. Misalan sun hada da [[bio-PE]], [[bio-PET]], [[Propylene|bio-propylene]], [[bio-PP]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bio-based drop-in, smart drop-in and dedicated chemicals |url=https://www.roadtobio.eu/uploads/news/2017_October/RoadToBio_Drop-in_paper.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102122527/https://www.roadtobio.eu/uploads/news/2017_October/RoadToBio_Drop-in_paper.pdf |archive-date=2020-11-02 |access-date=2020-10-30}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma biobased nylons. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.wur.nl/nl/Onderzoek-Resultaten/Onderzoeksinstituten/food-biobased-research/Oplossingen/Duurzame-bioplastics-op-basis-van-hernieuwbare-grondstoffen.htm Duurzame bioplastics op basis van hernieuwbare grondstoffen]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.bioplastics.guide/ref/bioplastics/what-are-bioplastics/ |title=What are bioplastics? |access-date=2024-07-12 |archive-date=2022-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605220227/http://www.bioplastics.guide/ref/bioplastics/what-are-bioplastics/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Drop in bioplastics2&quot;&gt;[https://bioplasticsnews.com/2018/08/28/drop-ins-bioplastics/ Drop in bioplastics]&lt;/ref&gt; Ana iya amfani da kayan aikin bioplastics da ke cikin fasaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bio-based drop-in, smart drop-in and dedicated chemicals |url=https://www.roadtobio.eu/uploads/news/2017_October/RoadToBio_Drop-in_paper.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102122527/https://www.roadtobio.eu/uploads/news/2017_October/RoadToBio_Drop-in_paper.pdf |archive-date=2020-11-02 |access-date=2020-10-30}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hanyar da aka keɓe ta hanyar rayuwa tana ba da damar samar da samfuran da baza'a  iya samun su bata hanyar halayen sunadarai na gargajiya kuma suna iya ƙirƙirar samfuran dake da halaye na musamman da mafi girma, idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin da suka dace da burbushin halittu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Drop in bioplastics2&quot; /&gt;

== Nau'o'in ==

=== Polysaccharide-based bioplastics ===

==== Gilashin da aka samo asali ====
[[Fayil:Stärke-Packstoff_Pömpel_CG.jpg|thumb|Ruwan kwalliya da akayi daga bioplastics (thermoplastic starch) ]]
Thermoplastic starch yana wakiltar mafi yawan amfani da bioplastic, wanda ya zama kusan kashi 50 cikin 100 na kasuwar bioplastics.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Types of Bioplastic {{!}} InnovativeIndustry.net |url=http://www.innovativeindustry.net/types-of-bioplastic |access-date=2020-07-11 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409192929/http://www.innovativeindustry.net/types-of-bioplastic |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Za'a iya yin fim din bioplastic mai sauƙi a gida ta hanyar gelatinizing starch da kuma Maganin gyare-gyare.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.instructables.com/id/Make-Potato-Plastic!/ Make Potato Plastic!]. Instructables.com (2007-07-26). Retrieved 2011-08-14.&lt;/ref&gt; Tsarkake starch yana iya shan [[danshi]], kuma saboda haka kayan da suka dace don samar da magungunan magunguna ta bangaren magunguna. Koyaya, tsattsarkan kwayoyin halitta masu tsabta suna da rauni. Plasticizer irin su glycerol, glycol, da sorbitol kuma ana iya ƙara su don a iya sarrafa starch ta hanyar thermo-plastically.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Liu |first=Hongsheng |last2=Xie |first2=Fengwei |last3=Yu |first3=Long |last4=Chen |first4=Ling |last5=Li |first5=Lin |date=2009-12-01 |title=Thermal processing of starch-based polymers |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079670009000653 |journal=Progress in Polymer Science |language=en |volume=34 |issue=12 |pages=1348–1368 |doi=10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2009.07.001 |issn=0079-6700}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ana iya daidaita halaye na sakamakon bioplastic (wanda ake kira &quot;thermoplastic starch&quot;) don takamaiman buƙatu ta hanyar daidaita adadin waɗannan abubuwan. Ana iya amfani da dabarun sarrafa polymer na al'ada don aiwatar da starch a cikin bioplastic, kamar extrusion, injection molding, matsa lamba molding da kuma warwarewa simintin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Abubuwan dake tattare da starch bioplastic suna da tasiri sosai ta hanyar amylose / amylopectin ratio. Gabaɗaya, starch mai ƙarfi yana haifar da kyawawan halaye na inji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Li |first=Ming |last2=Liu |first2=Peng |last3=Zou |first3=Wei |last4=Yu |first4=Long |last5=Xie |first5=Fengwei |last6=Pu |first6=Huayin |last7=Liu |first7=Hongshen |last8=Chen |first8=Ling |date=2011-09-01 |title=Extrusion processing and characterization of edible starch films with different amylose contents |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0260877411002196 |journal=Journal of Food Engineering |language=en |volume=106 |issue=1 |pages=95–101 |doi=10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.04.021 |issn=0260-8774}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, starch mai girma yana da ƙarancin sarrafawa saboda yawan zafin jiki na gelatinization  da ƙaranci mai narkewa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Liu |first=Hongsheng |last2=Yu |first2=Long |last3=Xie |first3=Fengwei |last4=Chen |first4=Ling |date=2006-08-15 |title=Gelatinization of cornstarch with different amylose/amylopectin content |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0144861706000506 |journal=Carbohydrate Polymers |language=en |volume=65 |issue=3 |pages=357–363 |doi=10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.01.026 |issn=0144-8617 |s2cid=85239192}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Xie |first=Fengwei |last2=Yu |first2=Long |last3=Su |first3=Bing |last4=Liu |first4=Peng |last5=Wang |first5=Jun |last6=Liu |first6=Hongshen |last7=Chen |first7=Ling |date=2009-05-01 |title=Rheological properties of starches with different amylose/amylopectin ratios |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0733521009000083 |journal=Journal of Cereal Science |language=en |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=371–377 |doi=10.1016/j.jcs.2009.01.002 |issn=0733-5210}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sau dayawa ana haɗa kwayoyin halitta na Starch tare da polyesters masu lalacewa don samar da starch / polylactic acid, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Khalid |first=Saud |last2=Yu |first2=Long |last3=Meng |first3=Linghan |last4=Liu |first4=Hongsheng |last5=Ali |first5=Amjad |last6=Chen |first6=Ling |year=2017 |title=Poly(lactic acid)/starch composites: Effect of microstructure and morphology of starch granules on performance |journal=Journal of Applied Polymer Science |volume=134 |issue=46 |page=45504 |doi=10.1002/app.45504}}&lt;/ref&gt; starch / polykrolactone &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Starch based Bioplastic Manufacturers and Suppliers |url=http://bioplasticsonline.net/2010/06/starch-based-bioplastic-manufacturers-and-suppliers/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814061041/http://bioplasticsonline.net/2010/06/starch-based-bioplastic-manufacturers-and-suppliers/ |archive-date=August 14, 2011 |website=bioplasticsonline.net}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko starch / Ecoflex &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sherman |first=Lilli Manolis |date=1 July 2008 |title=Enhancing biopolymers: additives are needed for toughness, heat resistance &amp; processability. |url=https://www.ptonline.com/articles/enhancing-biopolymers-additives-are-needed-for-toughness-heat-resistance-processability |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417023038/https://www.ptonline.com/articles/enhancing-biopolymers-additives-are-needed-for-toughness-heat-resistance-processability |archive-date=17 April 2016 |website=Plastics Technology}}&lt;/ref&gt; (polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate wanda BASF &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=BASF announces major bioplastics production expansion |url=http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2008/04/22/basf-announces-major-bioplastics-production-expansion/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331122532/http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2008/04/22/basf-announces-major-bioplastics-production-expansion/ |archive-date=2012-03-31 |access-date=2011-08-31}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya samar). Ana amfani da waɗannan cakuda don aikace-aikacen masana'antu kuma ana iya yin compostable. Sauran masu samarwa, kamar Roquette, sun haɓaka wasu cakuda starch / polyolefin. Wadannan cakuda ba su da biodegradable, amma suna da ƙananan sawun carbon fiye da filastik na man fetur da akayi amfani da su don aikace-aikace iri ɗaya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Roquette, nouvel acteur sur le marché des plastiques, lance GAÏALENE®: une gamme innovante de plastique végétal |url=http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2010/10/16/roquette-nouvel-acteur-sur-le-marche-des-plastiques-lance-gaialene%C2%AE-une-gamme-innovante-de-plastique-vegetal/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331122551/http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2010/10/16/roquette-nouvel-acteur-sur-le-marche-des-plastiques-lance-gaialene%C2%AE-une-gamme-innovante-de-plastique-vegetal/ |archive-date=2012-03-31 |access-date=2011-08-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Starch yana da arha, mai yawa, kuma mai sabuntawa.

Fim din da aka samo asali (wanda akafi amfani dashi don dalilai na marufi) galibi ana yin su ne daga starch da aka gauraya da polyesters na thermoplastic don samar da kayayyakin biodegradable da compostable. Ana ganin waɗannan fina-finai musamman a cikin kayan masarufi na mujallu da fina-ffinai. A cikin Kunshin abinci, ana ganin waɗannan fina-finai a matsayin burodi ko jakar 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu. Ana amfani da jaka masu hadawa tare da wannan fina-finai a cikin zaɓaɓɓen tattara sharar gida. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da fina-finai na starch a matsayin takarda.&lt;ref name=&quot;StarchPlasticsPaperUsda&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Avant |first=Sandra |date=April 2017 |title=Better Paper, Plastics With Starch |url=https://agresearchmag.ars.usda.gov/2017/apr/starch/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214152835/https://agresearchmag.ars.usda.gov/2017/apr/starch/ |archive-date=2018-12-14 |access-date=2018-12-14 |publisher=USDA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Cate |first=Peter |date=January 2017 |title=Collaboration delivers better results |journal=Reinforced Plastics |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=51–54 |doi=10.1016/j.repl.2016.09.002 |issn=0034-3617}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An yi nazarin nanocomposites na Starch-based a ko'ina, suna nuna ingantaccen kayan aikin inji, kwanciyar hankali na zafi, juriya na danshi, da kuma kayan shingen gas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Xie |first=Fengwei |last2=Pollet |first2=Eric |last3=Halley |first3=Peter J. |last4=Avérous |first4=Luc |date=2013-10-01 |title=Starch-based nano-biocomposites |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079670013000439 |journal=Progress in Polymer Science |series=Progress in Bionanocomposites: from green plastics to biomedical applications |language=en |volume=38 |issue=10 |pages=1590–1628 |doi=10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.05.002 |issn=0079-6700}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Gilashin dake dauke da cellulose ====
[[Fayil:Bio-K_Blister_CG.jpg|thumb|Blisin kunshe-kunshe da akayi da cellulose acetate, bioplastic]]
Cellulose bioplastics galibi sune cellulose esters (ciki har da cellulose acetate da nitrocellulose) da abubuwan da suka samo asali, gami da celluloid.

Cellulose na iya zama thermoplastic lokacin da aka canza shi sosai. Misali na wannan shine cellulose acetate, wanda yake da tsada sabili da haka ba'a amfani dashi don marufi. Koyaya, fiber na cellulosic da aka kara zuwa starches na iya inganta kaddarorin inji, permeability ga gas, da juriya na ruwa saboda kasancewa ƙasa da hydrophilic fiye da starch.

Wata kungiya a Jami'ar Shanghai ta sami damar gina sabon filastik mai kore wanda ya dogara da cellulose ta hanyar hanyar da ake kira matsin zafi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Song |first=Na |last2=Hou |first2=Xingshuang |last3=Chen |first3=Li |last4=Cui |first4=Siqi |last5=Shi |first5=Liyi |last6=Ding |first6=Peng |date=2017-05-16 |title=A Green Plastic Constructed from Cellulose and Functionalized Graphene with High Thermal Conductivity |journal=ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces |volume=9 |issue=21 |pages=17914–17922 |doi=10.1021/acsami.7b02675 |issn=1944-8244 |pmid=28467836}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gilashin dake da tushen furotin ===
[[Fayil:Edible_packaging_film.jpg|thumb|Cigaban fim din casein mai cin abinci a USDA &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=OBrien |date=February 2018 |title=That's a Wrap: Edible Food Wraps from ARS |url=https://agresearchmag.ars.usda.gov/2018/feb/wraps/#printdiv |journal=USDA Agricultural Research |page=22 |access-date=4 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Bioplastics za'a iyayin su daga sunadarai daga tushe daban-daban. Misali, gluten na alkama da casein suna nuna kyawawan halaye a matsayin albarkatun kasa don polymers daban-daban masu lalacewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Song |first=J. H. |last2=Murphy |first2=R. J. |last3=Narayan |first3=R. |last4=Davies |first4=G. B. H. |date=2009-07-27 |title=Biodegradable and compostable alternatives to conventional plastics |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=364 |issue=1526 |pages=2127–2139 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2008.0289 |issn=0962-8436 |pmc=2873018 |pmid=19528060}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bugu da ƙari, ana ɗaukar furotin soya a matsayin wani tushen bioplastic. Anyi amfani da sunadarai na soya a cikin samar da filastik sama da shekaru ɗari. Misali, bangarorin jiki na motar Ford ta asali anyi su ne da filastik na soya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ralston |first=Brian E. |last2=Osswald |first2=Tim A. |date=February 2008 |title=The History of Tomorrow's Materials: Protein-Based Biopolymers |journal=Plastics Engineering |volume=64 |issue=2 |pages=36–40 |doi=10.1002/j.1941-9635.2008.tb00292.x |issn=0091-9578}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Akwai matsaloli tare da amfani da filastik na soya mai gina jiki saboda ƙarancin ruwa da tsada mai yawa. Sabili da haka, samar da cakuda furotin soya tare da wasu polyesters masu lalacewa da suka riga sun kasance yana inganta ƙwarewar ruwa da tsada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Zhang |first=Jinwen |last2=Jiang |first2=Long |last3=Zhu |first3=Linyong |last4=Jane |first4=Jay-lin |last5=Mungara |first5=Perminus |date=May 2006 |title=Morphology and Properties of Soy Protein and Polylactide Blends |url=http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/fshn_ag_pubs/108 |journal=Biomacromolecules |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=1551–1561 |doi=10.1021/bm050888p |issn=1525-7797 |pmid=16677038}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Wasu polyesters na aliphatic ===
Aliphatic biopolyesters galibi polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) ne kamar poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyhydrexyvalerate (PHV) da polyhydроxyhexanoate (PHH).

==== Polylactic acid (PLA) ====
[[Fayil:Mulch_Film_made_of_PLA-Blend_Bio-Flex.jpg|left|thumb|Fim din Mulch da aka yi da Polylactic acid (PLA) -blend bio-flex]]
Polylactic acid (PLA) filastik ne mai haske wanda aka samar daga [[masara]] &lt;ref name=&quot;smithsonianmag.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=History, Travel, Arts, Science, People, Places |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/plastic.html |website=smithsonianmag.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko dextrose . A saman, yana kama da filastik na al'ada na petrochemical kamar PS. An samo shine daga tsire-tsire, kuma yana raguwa a ƙarƙashin yanayin masana'antu. Abin takaici, yana nuna ƙarfin tasirin ƙasa, ƙarfin zafi, da kuma abubuwan shingen (toshe jigilar iska a fadin membrane) idan aka kwatanta da filastik marasa lalacewa. Haɗuwa da PLA yawanci suna zuwa a cikin nau'ikan granulates. Ana amfani da PLA a kan iyakantaccen sikelin don samar da fina-finai, fiber, kwantena na filastik, kofuna, da kwalabe. PLA kuma shine mafi yawan nau'in filastik da akayi amfani dashi don yin samfurin igiya a cikin na'urorin bugawa na 3D.

==== Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate ====
biopolymer poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) polyester ne wanda wasu kwayoyin cuta ke samar da glucose, starch na masara &lt;ref name=&quot;bioplastic-innovation.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mirel: PHAs grades for Rigid Sheet and Thermoforming |url=http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2011/06/08/mirel-phas-grades-for-rigid-sheet-and-thermoforming/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331122556/http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2011/06/08/mirel-phas-grades-for-rigid-sheet-and-thermoforming/ |archive-date=2012-03-31 |access-date=2011-08-31}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko ruwa mai guba. &lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Micromidas is using carefully constructed populations of bacteria to convert organic waste into bio-degradable plastics. |url=http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2011/07/29/micromidas-is-using-carefully-constructed-populations-of-bacteria-to-convert-organic-waste-into-bio-degradable-plastics/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023230713/http://bioplastic-innovation.com/2011/07/29/micromidas-is-using-carefully-constructed-populations-of-bacteria-to-convert-organic-waste-into-bio-degradable-plastics/ |archive-date=October 23, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Halayensa suna kama da na polypropylene (PP). Fitar da PHB yana ƙaruwa. Masana'antar [[sukari]] ta [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]], alal misali, ta yanke shawarar fadada samar da PHB zuwa sikelin masana'antu. PHB ya bambanta da farko ta hanyar halaye na jiki. Ana iya sarrafa shi a cikin fim mai haske tare da narkewa sama da digiri 130 na Celsius, kuma yana iya lalacewa batare da raguwa ba.

=== Polyhydroxyalkanoates ===
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) sune polyesters na layi wanda aka samar a cikin yanayi ta hanyar fermentation na [[sukari]] ko lipids. Kwayoyin cuta ne ke samar da su don adana carbon da makamashi. A cikin samar da masana'antu, ana cire polyester kuma an tsarkake shi daga ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar inganta yanayin fermentation na sukari. Fiye da 150 daban-daban monomers za'a iya haɗawa a cikin wannan iyali don ba da kayan dake da kyawawan halaye daban-daban. PHA yafi ductile kuma bashi da ƙarfi fiye da sauran filastik, kuma yana da biodegradable. Ana amfani da waɗannan filastik a masana'antar kiwon lafiya.

=== Kashewa 11 ===
PA 11 wani abu ne wanda aka samo daga man fetur. An kuma san shi a ƙarƙashin sunan kasuwanci Rilsan B, wanda Arkema ke kasuwanci. PA 11 na cikin dangin polymers na fasaha kuma ba biodegradable ba ne. Abubuwan dake ciki suna kama da na PA 12, kodayake ana rage hayaki na iskar gas da amfani da albarkatun da baza'a iya sabuntawa ba yayin samar da shi. Har ila yau, juriya ta zafi ta fi ta PA 12. Ana amfani dashi a cikin aikace-aikace masu inganci kamar layin man fetur na mota, bututun iska na pneumatic, bututun kebul na lantarki, bututun mai da gas mai sassauƙa, bututun ruwa na sarrafawa, takalma na wasanni, kayan aikin lantarki, da catheters.

Irin wannan filastik shine Polyamide 410 (PA 410), wanda aka samo kashi 70% daga man castor, a ƙarƙashin sunan kasuwanci EcoPaXX, wanda DSM ke kasuwanci.&lt;ref name=&quot;EcoPaXX&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home |url=http://www.dsm.com/en_US/cworld/public/media/pages/press-releases/19_10_dsm_launches_bio_based_performance_materials_for_automotive_industry.jsp |website=dsm.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;PA 410 babban polyamide ne wanda ya haɗu da fa'idodin babban narkewa (kimanin 250 °C), ƙarancin danshi da kyakkyawan juriya ga abubuwa masu sinadarai daban-daban.&amp;nbsp;

=== Polyethylene da aka samo daga kwayoyin halitta ===
{{Plastics}}Tsarin gini na asali (monomer) na [[polyethylene]] shine ethylene . Ethylene yana da kama da, kuma ana iya samo shi daga ethanol, wanda za'a iya samar dashi ta hanyar fermentation na kayan aikin gona kamar sukari ko masara. Polyethylene da aka samo daga kwayoyin halitta yana da kama da polyethylene na gargajiya - ba ya lalacewa amma ana iya sake amfani dashi. &amp;nbsp;Kungiyar sunadarai ta Brazil  tayi iƙirarin cewa ta amfani da hanyar samar da polyethylene daga sukari ethanol kamawa (yana cirewa daga muhalli) tan 2.15 na CO a kowace tan na Green Polyethylene da aka samar

=== Abinci da aka canza ta hanyar kwayar halitta ===
Tare da masara na GM kasancewa abinci na yau da kullun, ba abin mamaki bane cewa anyi wasu kwayoyin halitta daga wannan.

A karkashin fasahar masana'antar bioplastics akwai samfurin &quot;masana'antar shuka&quot;, wanda ke amfani da amfanin gona da aka canza kwayoyin halitta ko kwayoyin halitta don inganta inganci.

=== Polyhydroxyurethanes ===
Rashin polyamines da cyclic carbonates suna samar da polyhydroxyurethanes . &lt;ref name=&quot;From Petrochemical Polyurethanes to Biobased Polyhydroxyurethanes&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Nohra |first=Bassam |last2=Laure Candy |last3=Jean-Francois Blanco |last4=Celine Guerin |last5=Yann Raoul |last6=Zephirin Mouloungui |year=2013 |title=From Petrochemical Polyurethanes to Biobased Polyhydroxyurethanes |url=https://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/9942/1/Nohra_9942.pdf |journal=Macromolecules |volume=46 |issue=10 |pages=3771–3792 |bibcode=2013MaMol..46.3771N |doi=10.1021/ma400197c |access-date=2024-07-12 |archive-date=2020-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918232716/https://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/9942/1/Nohra_9942.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba kamar polyurethanes da aka haɗa da giciye ba, polyhydroxyurethanes dake da alaƙa da giciye suna da ka'ida mai sauƙi ga sake amfani da sake sarrafawa ta hanyar halayen transcarbamoylation.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mechanically Activated, Catalyst-Free Polyhydroxyurethane Vitrimers&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Fortman |first=David J. |last2=Jacob P. Brutman |last3=[[Christopher J. Cramer]] |last4=Marc A. Hillmyer |last5=William R. Dichtel |year=2015 |title=Mechanically Activated, Catalyst-Free Polyhydroxyurethane Vitrimers |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |volume=137 |issue=44 |pages=14019–14022 |doi=10.1021/jacs.5b08084 |pmid=26495769 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Polymers da aka samo daga lipid ===
An kirkiro nau'ikan bioplastic dayawa daga kitse da mai da aka samo daga shuka da dabba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Meier |first=Michael A. R. |last2=Metzger |first2=Jürgen O. |last3=Schubert |first3=Ulrich S. |date=2007-10-02 |title=Plant oil renewable resources as green alternatives in polymer science |journal=Chemical Society Reviews |volume=36 |issue=11 |pages=1788–802 |doi=10.1039/b703294c |issn=1460-4744 |pmid=18213986}}&lt;/ref&gt; Polyurethanes, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Floros |first=Michael |last2=Hojabri |first2=Leila |last3=Abraham |first3=Eldho |last4=Jose |first4=Jesmy |last5=Thomas |first5=Sabu |last6=Pothan |first6=Laly |last7=Leao |first7=Alcides Lopes |last8=Narine |first8=Suresh |year=2012 |title=Enhancement of thermal stability, strength and extensibility of lipid-based polyurethanes with cellulose-based nanofibers |journal=Polymer Degradation and Stability |volume=97 |issue=10 |pages=1970–1978 |doi=10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.02.016}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pillai |first=Prasanth K. S. |last2=Floros |first2=Michael C. |last3=Narine |first3=Suresh S. |date=2017-07-03 |title=Elastomers from Renewable Metathesized Palm Oil Polyols |journal=ACS Sustainable Chemistry &amp; Engineering |volume=5 |issue=7 |pages=5793–5799 |doi=10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00517}}&lt;/ref&gt; polyesters, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Can |first=E. |last2=Küsefoğlu |first2=S. |last3=Wool |first3=R. P. |date=2001-07-05 |title=Rigid, thermosetting liquid molding resins from renewable resources. I. Synthesis and polymerization of soy oil monoglyceride maleates |journal=Journal of Applied Polymer Science |volume=81 |issue=1 |pages=69–77 |doi=10.1002/app.1414 |issn=1097-4628}}&lt;/ref&gt; epoxy resins &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Stemmelen |first=M. |last2=Pessel |first2=F. |last3=Lapinte |first3=V. |last4=Caillol |first4=S. |last5=Habas |first5=J.-P. |last6=Robin |first6=J.-J. |date=2011-06-01 |title=A fully biobased epoxy resin from vegetable oils: From the synthesis of the precursors by thiol-ene reaction to the study of the final material |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00587993/file/JPOLSCI.pdf |journal=Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry |volume=49 |issue=11 |pages=2434–2444 |bibcode=2011JPoSA..49.2434S |doi=10.1002/pola.24674 |issn=1099-0518 |s2cid=78089334}}&lt;/ref&gt; da wasu nau'ikan polymers an haɓaka su tare da kwatankwacin kaddarorin kayan mai. Cigaban da aka samu kwanan nan na olefin metathesis ya buɗe nau'ikan abinci iri-iri zuwa sauya tattalin arziki zuwa biomonomers da polymers.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Meier |first=Michael A. R. |date=2009-07-21 |title=Metathesis with Oleochemicals: New Approaches for the Utilization of Plant Oils as Renewable Resources in Polymer Science |journal=Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics |volume=210 |issue=13–14 |pages=1073–1079 |doi=10.1002/macp.200900168 |issn=1521-3935 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tare da karuwar samar da man kayan lambu na gargajiya da kuma man fetur da aka samo daga microalgae mai arha,  akwai babbar damar ci gaba a wannan yanki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mata |first=Teresa M. |last2=Martins |first2=António A. |last3=Caetano |first3=Nidia. S. |year=2010 |title=Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review |journal=Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=217–232 |doi=10.1016/j.rser.2009.07.020 |s2cid=15481966 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tasirin muhalli ==
[[Fayil:Bottle_made_from_Cellulose_Acetate_Biograde.JPG|thumb|Gilashin da aka yi da cellulose acetate biograde]]
Ana amfani da kayan aiki irin su starch, cellulose, itace, sukari da biomass a matsayin maye gurbin albarkatun man fetur don samar da bioplastics; wannan ya sa samar da bioplatics ya zama aiki mai ɗorewa idan aka kwatanta da samar da filastik na al'ada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot;&gt;Gironi, F., and Vincenzo Piemonte. &quot;Bioplastics and Petroleum-Based Plastics: Strengths and Weaknesses.&quot; Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, vol. 33, no. 21, 2011, pp. 1949–59, doi:10.1080/15567030903436830.&lt;/ref&gt; Sau dayawa ana muhawara game da tasirin muhalli na bioplastics, saboda akwai ma'auni daban-daban don &quot;kore&quot; (misali, amfani da ruwa, amfani da makamashi, sare daji, biodegradation, da dai sauransu).  &lt;ref&gt;Yates, Madeleine R., and Claire Y. Barlow. &quot;Life Cycle Assessments of Biodegradable, Commercial Biopolymers - A Critical Review.&quot; Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 78, Elsevier B.V., 2013, pp. 54–66, doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.06.010.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;BiodegradableEnvironmentalImpactAxion&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 February 2018 |title=Are biodegradable plastics better for the environment? |url=https://axiongroup.co.uk/news/biodegradable-plastics-better-environment/ |access-date=2018-12-14 |publisher=Axion}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BiodegradableImpactMiles&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Miles |first=Lindsay |date=22 March 2018 |title=Biodegradable Plastic: Is It Really Eco-Friendly? |url=https://treadingmyownpath.com/2018/03/22/biodegradable-plastic-is-it-really-eco-friendly/ |access-date=2018-12-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saboda haka tasirin muhalli na bioplastic ana rarraba shi cikin amfani da makamashi mara sabuntawa, canjin yanayi, eutrophication da acid.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot;&gt;Weiss, Martin, et al. &quot;A Review of the Environmental Impacts of Biobased Materials.&quot; Journal of Industrial Ecology, vol. 16, no. SUPPL.1, 2012, doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00468.x.&lt;/ref&gt; Samar da kwayoyin halitta yana rage fitar da iskar gas kuma yana rage amfani da makamashi mara sabuntawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot; /&gt; Kamfanoni a duk duniya zasu iya kara dorewar muhalli na samfuran su ta hanyar amfani da bioplastics &lt;ref&gt;Brockhaus, Sebastian, et al. &quot;A Crossroads for Bioplastics: Exploring Product Developers' Challenges to Move beyond Petroleum-Based Plastics.&quot; Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 127, Elsevier Ltd, 2016, pp. 84–95, doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.003.
&lt;/ref&gt;

Kodayake bioplastics suna adana karin makamashi wanda baza'a iya sabuntawa ba fiye da filastik na al'ada kuma suna fitar da ƙananan iskar gas idan aka kwatanta da filastic na al'adu, bioplastics suma suna da mummunan tasirin muhalli kamar eutrophication da acidization.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot;&gt;Weiss, Martin, et al. &quot;A Review of the Environmental Impacts of Biobased Materials.&quot; Journal of Industrial Ecology, vol. 16, no. SUPPL.1, 2012, doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00468.x.&lt;/ref&gt; Bioplastics suna haifar da mafi girman yiwuwar eutrophication fiye da filastik na al'ada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; Samar da kwayoyin halitta a lokacin ayyukan noma na masana'antu yana haifar da nitrate da phosphate don tacewa cikin jikin ruwa; wannan yana haifar da eutrophication, tsarin da jiki na ruwa ke samun wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; Eutrophication barazana ce ga albarkatun ruwa a duniya tun lokacin da yake haifar da fure mai cutarwa wanda ke haifar da wuraren da suka mutu na oxygen, yana kashe dabbobin ruwa.&lt;ref&gt;Sinha, E., et al. &quot;Eutrophication Will Increase during the 21st Century as a Result of Precipitation Changes.&quot; Science, vol. 357, no. July, 2017, pp. 405–08.&lt;/ref&gt; Bioplastics kuma suna kara yawan acid.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; Babban karuwa a cikin eutrophication da acidisation wanda bioplastics ya haifar ya haifar da amfani da taki na sinadarai a cikin noman albarkatun kasa masu sabuntawa don samar da bioplastics.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot;&gt;Gironi, F., and Vincenzo Piemonte. &quot;Bioplastics and Petroleum-Based Plastics: Strengths and Weaknesses.&quot; Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, vol. 33, no. 21, 2011, pp. 1949–59, doi:10.1080/15567030903436830.&lt;/ref&gt;

Sauran tasirin muhalli na bioplastics sun haɗa da yin amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ɗan adam da na ƙasa da kuma yiwuwar cutar kansa idan aka kwatanta da filastik na al'ada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot;&gt;Weiss, Martin, et al. &quot;A Review of the Environmental Impacts of Biobased Materials.&quot; Journal of Industrial Ecology, vol. 16, no. SUPPL.1, 2012, doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00468.x.&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, bioplastics suna yin amfani da mafi girman ecotoxicity na ruwa fiye da kayan al'ada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; Bioplastics da sauran kayan da suka danganci halittu suna kara raguwar ozone na stratospheric idan aka kwatanta da filastik na al'ada; wannan shine sakamakon fitar da nitrous oxide yayin aikace-aikacen taki yayin aikin gona na masana'antu don samar da biomass.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; takin zamani yana ƙara hayakin nitrous oxide musamman lokacin da amfanin gona ba ya buƙatar duk nitrogen.&lt;ref&gt;Rosas, Francisco, et al. &quot;Nitrous Oxide Emission Reductions from Cutting Excessive Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications.&quot; Climatic Change, vol. 132, no. 2, 2015, pp. 353–67, doi:10.1007/s10584-015-1426-y.&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙananan tasirin muhalli na bioplastics sun haɗa da guba ta hanyar amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta a kan amfanin gona da akayi amfani dasu don yin bioplastics.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot;&gt;Gironi, F., and Vincenzo Piemonte. &quot;Bioplastics and Petroleum-Based Plastics: Strengths and Weaknesses.&quot; Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, vol. 33, no. 21, 2011, pp. 1949–59, doi:10.1080/15567030903436830.&lt;/ref&gt; Bioplastics kuma suna haifar da hayakin carbon dioxide daga motocin girbi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot; /&gt; Sauran ƙananan tasirin muhalli sun haɗa da yawan amfani da ruwa don noma, rushewar ƙasa, asarar carbon na ƙasa da asarar halittu masu yawa, kuma galibi sakamakon amfani da ƙasa ne da ke da alaƙa da bioplastics.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weis et al&quot; /&gt; Amfani da ƙasa don samar da kwayoyin halitta yana haifar da ɓacewar carbon kuma yana ƙara farashin carbon yayin karkatar da ƙasa daga amfanin dake akwai &lt;ref&gt;Gironi, F., and Vincenzo Piemonte. &quot;Land-Use Change Emissions: How Green Are the Bioplastics?&quot; Environmental Progress &amp; Sustainable Energy, vol. 30, no. 4, 2010, pp. 685–691, doi:10.1002/ep.10518.&lt;/ref&gt;

Kodayake bioplastics suna da fa'ida sosai saboda suna rage amfani da baza'a iya sabuntawa bada kuma fitar da GHG, suna kuma shafar muhalli ta hanyar amfani da ƙasa da ruwa, ta amfani da maganin ƙwayoyin cuta da taki, eutrophication da acidization; saboda haka fifiko na mutum ga ko dai bioplastics ko filastik na al'ada ya dogara da abinda mutum ya ɗauka mafi mahimmancin tasirin muhalli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gironi and Piemonte&quot;&gt;Gironi, F., and Vincenzo Piemonte. &quot;Bioplastics and Petroleum-Based Plastics: Strengths and Weaknesses.&quot; Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, vol. 33, no. 21, 2011, pp. 1949–59, doi:10.1080/15567030903436830.&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani batu tare da bioplastics, shine cewa wasu bioplastics ana yin su ne daga sassan amfanin gona masu cin abinci. Wannan yana sa bioplastics su yi gasa da samar da abinci saboda amfanin gona da ke samar da bioplastics ana iya amfani da su don ciyar da mutane.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cho&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cho |first=Renee |title=The truth about bioplastics |url=https://phys.org/news/2017-12-truth-bioplastics.html |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=phys.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan bioplastics ana kiransu &quot;1st generation feedstock bioplastics&quot;.Bioplastics na ƙarni na 2 suna amfani da amfanin gona wanda ba abinci ba (abinci na cellulosic) ko kayan sharar gida daga kayan shararru na ƙarni 1 (misali man kayan lambu). Bioplastics na ƙarni na uku suna amfani da algae a matsayin kayan abinci.&lt;ref&gt;[https://bioplasticsnews.com/2018/09/12/bioplastic-feedstock-1st-2nd-and-3rd-generations/ Bioplastic Feedstock 1st, 2nd and 3rd Generations]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Biodegradation na Bioplastics ===
{{Packaging}}
[[Fayil:Air_Pillow_made_of_PLA-Blend_Bio-Flex.jpg|thumb|Kunshin matashin iska da akayi da PLA-blend bio-flex]]
Biodegradation na kowane filastik tsari ne wanda ke faruwa a tsayayyen / ruwa inda enzymes a cikin ruwa suka lalata tsayayyen.&lt;ref&gt;Degli-Innocenti, Francesco. &quot;Biodegradation of Plastics and Ecotoxicity Testing: When Should It Be Done.&quot; Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 5, no. SEP, 2014, pp. 1–3, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00475.&lt;/ref&gt; Wasu nau'ikan bioplastics da filastik na al'ada dake dauke da kari suna iya lalacewa.&lt;ref&gt;Gómez, Eddie F., and Frederick C. Michel. &quot;Biodegradability of Conventional and Bio-Based Plastics and Natural Fiber Composites during Composting, Anaerobic Digestion and Long-Term Soil Incubation.&quot; Polymer Degradation and Stability, vol. 98, no. 12, 2013, pp. 2583–2591., doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.09.018.&lt;/ref&gt; Bioplastics suna iya lalacewa a cikin mahalli daban-daban saboda haka sunfi karɓa fiye da filastik na al'ada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot;&gt;Emadian, S. Mehdi, et al. &quot;Biodegradation of Bioplastics in Natural Environments.&quot; Waste Management, vol. 59, Elsevier Ltd, 2017, pp. 526–36, doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2016.10.006.&lt;/ref&gt; Biodegradability na bioplastics yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na muhalli ciki har da ƙasa, yanayin ruwa da takin mai.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Dukkanin tsari da abun dake ciki na biopolymer ko bio-composite suna da tasiri a kan tsarin biodegradation, saboda haka canza abun da ke cikinsa da tsari na iya kara biodegradability.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Ƙasa da takin mai a matsayin yanayin muhalli sunfi dacewa a cikin biodegradation saboda yawan bambancin microbial.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Compoosting ba wai kawai biodegrades bioplastics yadda ya kamata ba amma kuma yana rage fitar da iskar gas.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Biodegradability na bioplastics a cikin mahalli mai narkewa za a iya inganta ta hanyar ƙara karin sukari mai narkewar da kara yawan zafin jiki.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Yanayin ƙasa a gefe guda suna da babban bambancin microorganisms wanda ke sauƙaƙa lalacewar bioplastics.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Koyaya, bioplastics a cikin yanayin ƙasa suna buƙatar yanayin zafi mafi girma da kuma lokaci mai tsawo don biodegrade.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Wasu kwayoyin halitta sun lalace yadda ya kamata a cikin ruwa da tsarin ruwa; duk da haka, wannan yana haifar da haɗari ga yanayin halittu na ruwa da ruwa mai laushi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Emadian et al&quot; /&gt; Saboda haka daidai ne a kammala cewa biodegradation na bioplastics a cikin ruwa jiki wanda ke haifar da mutuwar ruwa da ruwa mara lafiya ana iya lura da shi a matsayin daya daga cikin mummunar tasirin muhalli na bioplastic.

== Bioplastics don kayan gini ==
Ma'anar bioplastics ta samo asali ne daga farkon karni na 20. Koyaya, gagarumin cigaba yafaru a cikin shekarun 1980 da 1990 lokacin da masu bincike suka fara haɓaka filastik masu narkewa daga tushen halitta. Masana'antar gine-gine ta fara lura da yiwuwar bioplastics a ƙarshen 2000s, wanda aka motsa ta hanyar turawa ta duniya don ayyukan gine-gine masu kyau.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, bioplastics sun ga ci gaba mai yawa dangane da dorewa, tsada-tasiri, da aiki. Sabbin abubuwa a cikin cakuda biopolymer da sinadarai sun sanya bioplastics sunfi dacewa da aikace-aikacen gini, daga rufi zuwa kayan aikin tsari.

=== Aikace-aikacen A Ginin ===

; Rufewa
: Ana iya amfani da kwayoyin halitta don ƙirƙirar kayan kariya masu inganci da muhalli. Polylactic acid (PLA) da polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) ana amfani da su don wannan dalili saboda yanayin zafi da biodegradability.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ecbf.vc/biodegradable-bioplastics&lt;/ref&gt;

; Gidauniyar ƙasa
: Abubuwan dake tattare da halittu, kamar waɗanda aka yi daga PLA da fiber na halitta, suna bada madaidaiciya da ɗorewa ga kayan ado na gargajiya. Suna da daraja musamman saboda ƙananan sawun carbon da sake amfani dasu.

; Panels da Rufewa
: Binciken Bioplastic, wanda akayi daga cakuda fiber na halitta da biopolymers, suna bada zaɓi mai kyau don rufe bango da rarraba. Wadannan kayan suna da sauƙi, masu ɗorewa, kuma ana iya tsara su don kwaikwayon kayan gargajiya kamar itace ko dutse.

; Ayyuka
: Ana amfani da kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsari don simintin simintin. Suna bada fa'idodi dangane da sake amfani, rage nauyi, da rage tasirin muhalli idan aka kwatanta da kayan al'ada.&lt;ref&gt;https://plasticconcreteformwork.com/environmental-benefits-of-plastic-formwork-in-concrete-construction/&lt;/ref&gt;

; Ƙarfafawa
: Za'a iya amfani da sinadaran Bioplastic da aka ƙarfafa tare da fiber na halitta ko wasu kayan aiki a aikace-aikacen tsari, suna bada madadin mai ɗorewa ga ƙarfe ko fiberglass.

=== Fa'idodin Bioplastics a cikin Gine-gine Tasirin Muhalli ===

; Rage sawun carbon
: Bioplastics an samo su ne daga hanyoyin sabuntawa, wanda ke rage sawun carbon na kayan gini.

; Rashin lalacewa
: Yawancin bioplastics suna iya lalacewa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen rage sharar gida da gurɓata muhalli a ƙarshen rayuwarsu.

; Ingancin Makamashi
: Samar da kwayoyin halitta gabaɗaya yana buƙatar ƙarancin makamashi idan aka kwatanta da filastik na al'ada, ƙara rage tasirin muhalli.

=== Fa'idodin Tattalin Arziki ===

; Kyakkyawan albarkatu
: Amfani da bioplastics na iya rage dogaro da man fetur na burbushin halittu kuma yabada gudummawa ga ingantaccen amfani da albarkatun halitta.

; Cigaban Kasuwanci
: Kasuwar bioplastics tana fadada, ta hanyar karuwar buƙatun kayan gini masu ɗorewa. Wannan ci gaban yana gabatar da sabbin damar tattalin arziki ga masana'antun da masu samarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.vantagemarketresearch.com/industry-report/bioplastics-market-2274?trk=article-ssr-frontend-pulse_little-text-block |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-07-12 |archive-date=2024-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240708210043/https://www.vantagemarketresearch.com/industry-report/bioplastics-market-2274?trk=article-ssr-frontend-pulse_little-text-block |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ƙalubalen da Ƙuntatawa ===

; Kudin
: Bioplastics sau dayawa sunfi tsada don samarwa fiye da filastik na gargajiya, wanda zai iya zama shingen ga yaduwar tallafi a cikin masana'antar gine-gine mai tsada. Koyaya, anasa ran cigaban bincike da fasaha don rage farashin a tsawon lokaci.

; Ayyuka
: Duk da yake bioplastics sunyi gagarumin cigaba, wasu nau'ikan har yanzu suna bayan kayan gargajiya dangane da ƙarfi, tsayi, da juriya ga abubuwan muhalli kamar bayyanar UV da danshi.&lt;ref&gt;https://primebiopol.com/bioplasticos-y-plasticos-convencionales-un-analisis-comparativo/?lang=en&lt;/ref&gt;

; Ƙayyadaddun Aikace-aikace
: A halin yanzu, bioplastics sun dace da iyakantaccen aikace-aikace a cikin gini. fadada amfani dasu zuwa matsayi mai mahimmanci zai buƙaci cigaba da gwaji.

=== Abubuwan da za su faru a nan gaba ===
Makomar bioplastics a cikin gini tana da kyau, tare da cigaba da bincike da kirkire-kirkire masu yiwuwa su faɗaɗa aikace-aikacen su da inganta ayyukansu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sameerabuildingconstruction.com/can-bioplastics-replace-traditional-materials-in-building/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-07-12 |archive-date=2024-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240708213339/https://sameerabuildingconstruction.com/can-bioplastics-replace-traditional-materials-in-building/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yayinda masana'antar gine-gine ke karuwa da dorewa, bioplastics suna shirye su taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban kayan gini masu aminci.&lt;ref&gt;https://itechmag.org/paper/volume%201/03-08.pdf{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bioplastics suna bada zaɓi mai ɗorewa da amfani ga kayan gini na gargajiya, tare da fa'idodin muhalli da tattalin arziki. Duk da yake ƙalubalen sun kasance, musamman dangane da farashi da aiki, cigaban dake gudana a cikin fasahar bioplastic &lt;ref&gt;https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/1158/1/012008/pdf&lt;/ref&gt; yana da damar canza masana'antar gine-gine da kuma bada gudummawa ga makomar da tafi dacewa.

== Masana'antu da kasuwanni ==
[[Fayil:Teebeutel_Polylactid_2009.jpg|thumb|Takalma na shayi da akayi da polylactide (PLA) (sha'irori) ]]
Duk da yake filastik da suka danganci kayan kwayoyin halitta sun ƙera sune ta kamfanonin sunadarai a cikin karni na 20, kamfanin farko daya mai da hankali kan bioplastics - Marlborough Biopolymers - an kafa shine a 1983. Koyaya, Marlborough da sauran kamfanonin da suka biyo baya sun kasa samun nasarar kasuwanci, tare da irin wannan kamfani na farko don samun nasarar kudi na dogon lokaci shine kamfanin Novamont na Italiya, wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1989. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Axel |date=5 September 2018 |title=The History and Most Important Innovations of Bioplastics |url=https://bioplasticsnews.com/2018/07/05/history-of-bioplastics/ |website=Bioplastics News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bioplastics sun kasance ƙasa da kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari na duk filastik da aka ƙera a duk duniya.&lt;ref name=&quot;dx.doi.org2&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |date=March 2016 |title=Ready to Grow: The Biodegradable Polymers Market |journal=Plastics Engineering |volume=72 |issue=3 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1002/j.1941-9635.2016.tb01489.x |issn=0091-9578}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Darby |first=Debra |date=August 2012 |title=Bioplastics Industry Report |url=https://www.biocycle.net/2012/08/15/bioplastics-industry-report/ |journal=BioCycle |volume=53 |issue=8 |pages=40–44}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin bioplastics basu adana karin hayaki na carbon ba fiye da yadda ake buƙata don ƙera su.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Rujnić-Sokele |first=Maja |last2=Pilipović |first2=Ana |date=September 2017 |title=Challenges and Opportunities of Biodegradable Plastics: A Mini Review |journal=Waste Management &amp; Research |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=132–140 |doi=10.1177/0734242x16683272 |pmid=28064843 |s2cid=23782848}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kiyasta cewa maye gurbin tan miliyan 250 na filastik da aka ƙera a kowace shekara tare da filastik na rayuwa zai buƙaci hekta miliyan 100 na ƙasa, ko kashi 7 cikin dari na ƙasar noma a Duniya. Kuma lokacin da bioplastics suka kai ƙarshen rayuwarsu, waɗanda aka tsara don zama compostable kuma ana tallata su azaman biodegradable galibi ana aika su zuwa wuraren zubar da shara saboda rashin kayan aikin composting ko rarraba sharar gida, inda suke saki methane yayin da suke rushewa anaerobically.

COPA (Kwamitin Kungiyar Aikin Gona a Tarayyar Turai) da COGEGA (Kwamnatin Aikin Gida a Tarayyen Turai) sunyi kimantawa game da yiwuwar bioplastics a bangarori daban-daban na tattalin arzikin Turai:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Yankin
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Tunanin shekara-shekara
|-
|Kayayyakin abinci||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|450,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Takalma na sharar gida||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|100,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Biodegradable mulch foils||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|130,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Biodegradable foils for diapers||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|80,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Diapers, 100% biodegradable||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|240,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Kunshin kwalliya||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|400,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Kunshin kayan lambu||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|400,000||0.0005}}
|-
|Abubuwan da ke cikin taya||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{bartable|200,000||0.0005}}
|-
!'''Jimillar:'''
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |2,000,000
!
|}

== Tarihi da cigaban bioplastics ==
{{Blockquote|''Biobased polymer'' derived from the ''[[biomass]]'' or issued from monomers derived from the biomass and which, at some stage in its processing into finished products, can be shaped by flow.
:''Note 1'': Bioplastic is generally used as the opposite of polymer derived from fossil resources.
:''Note 2'': Bioplastic is misleading because it suggests that any polymer derived from the biomass is ''environmentally friendly''.
:''Note 3'': The use of the term &quot;bioplastic&quot; is discouraged. Use the expression &quot;biobased polymer&quot;.
:''Note 4'': A biobased polymer similar to a petrobased one does not imply any superiority with respect to the environment unless the comparison of respective ''life cycle assessments'' is favourable.&lt;ref name=&quot;IUPAC2012&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|title=Terminology for biorelated polymers and applications (IUPAC Recommendations 2012)|journal=[[Pure and Applied Chemistry]]|year=2012|volume=84|issue=2|pages=377–410|doi=10.1351/PAC-REC-10-12-04|url=http://pac.iupac.org/publications/pac/pdf/2012/pdf/8402x0377.pdf|last1=Vert|first1=Michel|s2cid=98107080|access-date=2013-07-17|archive-date=2015-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319032817/http://pac.iupac.org/publications/pac/pdf/2012/pdf/8402x0377.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

* 1855: First (inferior) version of linoleum produced
* 1862: At the Great London Exhibition, Alexander Parkes displays Parkesine, the first thermoplastic. Parkesine is made from nitrocellulose and had very good properties, but exhibits extreme flammability. (White 1998)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=White |first=J. L. |date=December 1998 |title=Fourth in a Series: Pioneers of Polymer Processing Alexander Parkes |journal=International Polymer Processing |volume=13 |issue=4 |page=326 |doi=10.3139/217.980326 |issn=0930-777X |s2cid=137545344}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1897: Still produced today, Galalith is a milk-based bioplastic that was created by German chemists in 1897. Galalith is primarily found in buttons. (Thielen 2014)
* 1907: Leo Baekeland invented Bakelite, which received the National Historic Chemical Landmark for its non-conductivity and heat-resistant properties. It is used in radio and telephone casings, kitchenware, firearms and many more products. (Pathak, Sneha, Mathew 2014)
* 1912: Brandenberger invents Cellophane out of wood, cotton, or hemp cellulose. (Thielen 2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
* 1920s: Wallace Carothers finds Polylactic Acid (PLA) plastic. PLA is incredibly expensive to produce and is not mass-produced until 1989. (Whiteclouds 2018)
* 1925: Polyhydroxybutyrate was isolated and characterised by French microbiologist [[Maurice Lemoigne]]
* 1926: Maurice Lemoigne invents polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) which is the first bioplastic made from bacteria. (Thielen 2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
* 1930s: The first bioplastic car was made from soy beans by Henry Ford. (Thielen 2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Soybean Car - The Henry Ford |url=https://www.thehenryford.org/collections-and-research/digital-resources/popular-topics/soy-bean-car/ |access-date=2020-12-09 |website=www.thehenryford.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1940-1945: During World War II, an increase in plastic production is seen as it is used in many wartime materials. Due to government funding and oversight the United States production of plastics (in general, not just bioplastics) tripled during 1940-1945 (Rogers 2005).&lt;ref name=&quot;A Brief History of Plastic&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 2005 |title=A Brief History of Plastic |url=https://brooklynrail.org/2005/05/express/a-brief-history-of-plastic |access-date=2018-09-27 |website=The Brooklyn Rail}}&lt;/ref&gt; The 1942 U.S. government short film ''The Tree in a Test Tube'' illustrates the major role bioplastics played in the World War II victory effort and the American economy of the time.
* 1950s: Amylomaize (&gt;50% amylose content corn) was successfully bred and commercial bioplastics applications started to be explored. (Liu, Moult, Long, 2009) A decline in bioplastic development is seen due to the cheap oil prices, however the development of synthetic plastics continues.
* 1970s: The environmental movement spurred more development in bioplastics. (Rogers 2005)&lt;ref name=&quot;A Brief History of Plastic&quot; /&gt;
* 1983: The first bioplastics company, Marlborough Biopolymers, is started which uses a bacteria-based bioplastic called {{Not a typo|biopal}}. (Feder 1985)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=May 1995 |title=New fibre could make stronger parts |journal=Reinforced Plastics |volume=39 |issue=5 |page=17 |doi=10.1016/0034-3617(95)91746-2 |issn=0034-3617}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1989: The further development of PLA is made by Dr. Patrick R. Gruber when he figures out how to create PLA from corn. (Whiteclouds 2018). The leading bioplastic company is created called Novamount. Novamount uses matter-bi, a bioplastic, in multiple different applications. (Novamount 2018)
* Late 1990s: The development of TP starch and BIOPLAST from research and production of the company BIOTEC  lead to the BIOFLEX film. BIOFLEX film can be classified as blown film extrusion, flat film extrusion, and injection moulding lines. These three classifications have applications as follows: Blown films - sacks, bags, trash bags, mulch foils, hygiene products, diaper films, air bubble films, protective clothing, gloves, double rib bags, labels, barrier ribbons; Flat films - trays, flower pots, freezer products and packaging, cups, pharmaceutical packaging; Injection moulding - disposable cutlery, cans, containers, performed pieces, CD trays, cemetery articles, golf tees, toys, writing materials. (Lorcks 1998)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Lörcks |first=Jürgen |date=January 1998 |title=Properties and applications of compostable starch-based plastic material |journal=Polymer Degradation and Stability |volume=59 |issue=1–3 |pages=245–249 |doi=10.1016/s0141-3910(97)00168-7 |issn=0141-3910}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1992: It is reported in Science that PHB can be produced by the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. (Poirier, Dennis, Klomparens, Nawrath, Somerville 1992)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Poirier |first=Yves |last2=Dennis |first2=Douglas |last3=Klomparens |first3=Karen |last4=Nawrath |first4=Christiane |last5=Somerville |first5=Chris |date=December 1992 |title=Perspectives on the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates in plants |journal=FEMS Microbiology Letters |volume=103 |issue=2–4 |pages=237–246 |doi=10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05843.x |issn=0378-1097 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2001: Metabolix inc. purchases Monsanto's biopol business (originally Zeneca) which uses plants to produce bioplastics. (Barber and Fisher 2001)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=1985-12-02 |title=Monsanto finds buyer for oil and gas assets |journal=Chemical &amp; Engineering News |volume=63 |issue=48 |page=5 |doi=10.1021/cen-v063n048.p005a |issn=0009-2347}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2001: Nick Tucker uses elephant grass as a bioplastic base to make plastic car parts. (Tucker 2001)
* 2005: Cargill and Dow Chemicals is rebranded as NatureWorks and becomes the leading PLA producer. (Pennisi 2016)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pennisi |first=Elizabeth |author-link=Elizabeth Pennisi |date=1992-05-16 |title=Natureworks |journal=Science News |volume=141 |issue=20 |pages=328–331 |doi=10.2307/3976489 |issn=0036-8423 |jstor=3976489}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2007: Metabolix inc. market tests its first 100% biodegradable plastic called Mirel, made from corn sugar fermentation and genetically engineered bacteria. (Digregorio 2009)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=DiGregorio |first=Barry E. |date=January 2009 |title=Biobased Performance Bioplastic: Mirel |journal=Chemistry &amp; Biology |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=1–2 |doi=10.1016/j.chembiol.2009.01.001 |issn=1074-5521 |pmid=19171300 |doi-access=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2012: A bioplastic is developed from seaweed proving to be one of the most environmentally friendly bioplastics based on research published in the journal of pharmacy research. (Rajendran, Puppala, Sneha, Angeeleena, Rajam 2012)
* 2013: A patent is put on bioplastic derived from blood and a crosslinking agent like sugars, proteins, etc. (iridoid derivatives, diimidates, diones, carbodiimides, acrylamides, dimethylsuberimidates, aldehydes, Factor XIII, dihomo bifunctional NHS esters, carbonyldiimide, {{Sic|glyoxyls}}, proanthocyanidin, reuterin). This invention can be applied by using the bioplastic as tissue, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, bones, and being used in stem cell delivery. (Campbell, Burgess, Weiss, Smith 2013)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=November 2004 |title=Nanotube technology gains US patent |journal=Reinforced Plastics |volume=48 |issue=10 |page=17 |doi=10.1016/s0034-3617(04)00461-8 |issn=0034-3617}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Campbell |first=Phil G. |last2=Burgess |first2=James E. |last3=Weiss |first3=Lee E. |last4=Smith |first4=Jason |date=18 June 2015 |title=Methods and Apparatus for Manufacturing Plasma Based Plastics and Bioplastics Produced Therefrom |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20150165093A1/en |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2014: It is found in a study published in 2014 that bioplastics can be made from blending vegetable waste (parsley and spinach stems, the husks from cocoa, the hulls of rice, etc.) with TFA solutions of pure cellulose creates a bioplastic. (Bayer, Guzman-Puyol, Heredia-Guerrero, Ceseracciu, Pignatelli, Ruffilli, Cingolani, and Athanassiou 2014)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Bayer |first=Ilker S. |last2=Guzman-Puyol |first2=Susana |last3=Heredia-Guerrero |first3=José Alejandro |last4=Ceseracciu |first4=Luca |last5=Pignatelli |first5=Francesca |last6=Ruffilli |first6=Roberta |last7=Cingolani |first7=Roberto |last8=Athanassiou |first8=Athanassia |date=2014-07-15 |title=Direct Transformation of Edible Vegetable Waste into Bioplastics |url=https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/74866 |journal=Macromolecules |volume=47 |issue=15 |pages=5135–5143 |bibcode=2014MaMol..47.5135B |doi=10.1021/ma5008557 |issn=0024-9297 |access-date=2024-07-12 |archive-date=2024-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202142027/https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/74866 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2016: An experiment finds that a car bumper that passes regulation can be made from nano-cellulose based bioplastic biomaterials using banana peels. (Hossain, Ibrahim, Aleissa 2016)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Sharif Hossain |first=A.B.M. |last2=Ibrahim |first2=Nasir A. |last3=AlEissa |first3=Mohammed Saad |date=September 2016 |title=Nano-cellulose derived bioplastic biomaterial data for vehicle bio-bumper from banana peel waste biomass |journal=Data in Brief |volume=8 |pages=286–294 |doi=10.1016/j.dib.2016.05.029 |issn=2352-3409 |pmc=4906129 |pmid=27331103}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2017: A new proposal for bioplastics made from Lignocellulosics resources (dry plant matter). (Brodin, Malin, Vallejos, Opedal, Area, Chinga-Carrasco 2017)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Brodin |first=Malin |last2=Vallejos |first2=María |last3=Opedal |first3=Mihaela Tanase |last4=Area |first4=María Cristina |last5=Chinga-Carrasco |first5=Gary |date=September 2017 |title=Lignocellulosics as sustainable resources for production of bioplastics – A review |journal=Journal of Cleaner Production |volume=162 |pages=646–664 |doi=10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.05.209 |issn=0959-6526 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2018: Many developments occur including Ikea starting industrial production of bioplastics furniture (Barret 2018), Project Effective focusing on replacing nylon with bio-nylon (Barret 2018), and the first packaging made from fruit (Barret 2018).
* 2019: Five different types of Chitin nanomaterials were extracted and synthesized by the 'Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology' to verify strong personality and antibacterial effects. When buried underground, 100% biodegradation was possible within six months.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Tran TH, Nguyen HL, Hwang DS, Lee JY, Cha HG, Koo JM, Hwang SY, Park J, Oh DX |year=2019 |title=Five different chitin nanomaterials from identical source with different advantageous functions and performances |journal=Carbohydrate Polymers |publisher=Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. |volume=205 |pages=392–400 |doi=10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.089 |issn=0144-8617 |pmid=30446120 |s2cid=53569630}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; ba cikakken jerin bane. Wadannan abubuwan kirkirar suna nuna bambancin bioplastics da muhimman cigaba. Sabbin aikace-aikace da abubuwan kirkirar bioplastics suna cigaba da faruwa. 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Shekara
!Binciken Bioplastic ko Ci gaba
|-
|1862
|Parkesine - Alexander Parkes
|-
|1868
|Celluloid - John Wesley Hyatt
|-
|1897
|Galalith - likitocin Jamus
|-
|1907
|Bakelite - Leo Baekeland
|-
|1912
|Cellophane - Jacques E. Brandenberger
|-
|Shekaru na 1920
|Polylactic Acid (PLA) - Wallace Carothers
|-
|1926
|Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) - Maurice Lemoigne
|-
|Shekaru na 1930
|Soya-bean-based bioplastic mota - Henry Ford
|-
|1983
|Biopal - Marlborough Biopolymers
|-
|1989
|PLA daga masara - Dokta Patrick R. Gruber; Matter-bi - Novamount
|-
|1992
|Ana iya samar da PHB ta hanyar Arabidopsis thaliana (ƙaramin shuka mai fure) 
|-
|1998
|Fim din Bioflex (bugawa, kwance, gyaran allura) yana haifar da aikace-aikace daban-daban na bioplastic
|-
|2001
|PHB za a iya samar da shi ta hanyar giwayen
|-
|2007
|Mirel (100% biodegradable filastik) ta Metabolic inc. an gwada shi a kasuwa
|-
|2012
|Bioplastic an haɓaka shi ne daga albasa
|-
|2013
|Bioplastic da aka yi daga jini da kuma mai haɗin giciye wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin hanyoyin kiwon lafiya
|-
|2014
|Bioplastic da aka yi daga sharar kayan lambu
|-
|2016
|Kamfanin mota da aka yi da kwayar cutar ayaba
|-
|2017
|Bioplastics da aka yi daga albarkatun lignocellulosic (tsire mai bushe) 
|-
|2018
|Kayan kwalliya na bioplastic, bio-nylon, marufi daga 'ya'yan itace
|}
[[Fayil:Bioplastics_Development_Center_-_University_of_Massachusetts_Lowell_-_DSC00107.JPG|thumb|Cibiyar Cigaban Bioplastics - Jami'ar Massachusetts Lowell]]
[[Fayil:PLA-Kugelschreiber_NatureWorks_CG.jpg|thumb|Fensir da akayi da bioplastics (Polylactide, PLA) ]]

== Hanyoyin gwaji ==
[[Fayil:Shampoo_Bottle_made_of_PLA-Blend_Bio-Flex.jpg|thumb|264x264px|Gilashin shampoo na bioplastic da aka yi da PLA-blend bio-flex]]

=== Kasuwancin masana'antu - EN 13432, ASTM D6400 ===
Dole ne A cikin ma'aunin masana'antu na EN 13432 don da'awar cewa samfurin filastik yana iyayin compostable a kasuwar Turai. A taƙaice, yana buƙatar gwaje-gwaje da yawa da kuma saita ka'idojin wucewa / gazawar, gami da rushewa (rugujewar jiki da gani) na abin da aka gama a cikin makonni 1, biodegradation (canja carbon zuwa CO) na sinadaran polymeric a cikin kwanaki 180, guba na shuka da ƙarfe mai nauyi. Matsayin ASTM 6400 shine tsarin tsari na Amurka kuma yana da irin wannan buƙatu.

Yawancin filastik na [[starch]], filastik da ke PLA da wasu mahaɗan co-[[polyester]] na [[Aliphatic]]-aromatic, kamar su succinates da adipates, sun sami waɗannan takaddun shaida. Additive-based bioplastics sayar a matsayin photodegradable ko [[Oxo Biodegradable]] basu bi waɗannan ka'idoji a halin yanzu ba.

=== Compostability - ASTM D6002 ===
Hanyar ASTM D 6002 don ƙayyade compostability na filastik ya bayyana kalmar compostable kamar haka:&lt;blockquote&gt;wanda ke iya fuskantar lalacewar halittu a cikin wani shafin mai mai mai mai amfani dashi don kayan baza'a iya rarrabe su ba kuma ya rushe cikin carbon dioxide, ruwa, mahaɗan inorganic da biomass a cikin adadin daya dace da sanannun kayan mai amfani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Compostable.info |url=http://www.compostable.info/compostable.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; 
Wannan ma'anar ta jawo zargi da yawa saboda, sabanin yadda aka bayyana kalmar a al'ada, ya rabu da tsarin &quot;composting&quot; daga bukatar hakan wanda ke haifar da [[humus]] / compost a matsayin samfurin ƙarshe. Abinda kawai wannan ma'auni ya bayyana shi ne cewa filastik mai sarrafawa dole ne ya nemi yatafi da sauri kamar yadda wani abu da mutum ya riga ya kafa ya zama mai sarrafawa a ƙarƙashin ma'anar gargajiya.

==== . ASTM D 6002 ====
A watan Janairun 2011, ASTM ta janye ma'auni na ASTM D 6002, wanda yaba masana'antun filastik amincin doka don lakafta filastik a matsayin mai sarrafawa. Bayanansa kamar haka:&lt;blockquote&gt;Wannan jagorar da aka rufe ta bada shawarar ka'idoji, hanyoyin, da kuma hanyar gaba ɗaya don kafa compostability na filastik masu lalacewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ASTM D6002 - 96(2002)e1 Standard Guide for Assessing the Compostability of Environmentally Degradable Plastics (Withdrawn 2011) |url=http://www.astm.org/Standards/D6002.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221192326/https://www.astm.org/Standards/D6002.htm |archive-date=2019-12-21 |access-date=2012-09-05 |website=astm.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;ASTM har yanzu bai maye gurbin wannan ma'auni ba.

=== Biobased - ASTM D6866 ===
An haɓaka hanyar ASTM D6866 don tabbatar da abubuwan da aka samo daga kwayoyin halitta na bioplastics. Hasken sararin samaniya dake haɗuwa da yanayi yana nufin cewa wasu daga cikin carbon shine isotope carbon-14. CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; daga yanayi ana amfani dashi ta shuke-shuke a cikin photosynthesis, don haka sabon kayan shuke-huke zasu ƙunshi carbon-14 da carbon-12. A karkashin yanayin daya dace, da kuma a kan lokutan geological, za'a iya canza ragowar halittu masu rai zuwa burbushin burbushin halittu. Bayan ~ shekaru 100,000 duk carbon-14 dake cikin asalin kwayoyin halitta zasu sha wahala a cikin lalacewar rediyo inda suka bar carbon-12 kawai. Samfurin da aka yi daga biomass zai sami matakin carbon-14, yayin da samfurin da akayi da sinadarin man fetur bazai sami carbon-14. Za'a iya auna kashi na carbon mai sabuntawa a cikin kayan (mai ƙarfi ko ruwa) tare da ma'aunin ma'auni mai sauri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ASTM D6866 - 11 Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis |url=http://www.astm.org/Standards/D6866.htm |access-date=2011-08-14 |publisher=Astm.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2010-02-24 |title=NNFCC Newsletter&amp;nbsp;– Issue 16. Understanding Bio-based Content&amp;nbsp;— NNFCC |url=http://www.nnfcc.co.uk/publications/nnfcc-newsletter-issue-16-understanding-bio-based-content |access-date=2011-08-14 |publisher=Nnfcc.co.uk |archive-date=2011-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720182801/http://www.nnfcc.co.uk/publications/nnfcc-newsletter-issue-16-understanding-bio-based-content |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Akwai muhimmiyar bambanci tsakanin [[Rashin lalacewa|biodegradability]] da abun ciki na biobased. A bioplastic irin su high-density polyethylene (HDPE) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Braskem |url=http://www.braskem.com.br/site/portal_braskem/en/sala_de_imprensa/sala_de_imprensa_detalhes_6062.aspx |access-date=2011-08-14 |publisher=Braskem}}&lt;/ref&gt; iya zama 100% biobased (watau dauke da 100% sabunta carbon), duk da haka ba-biodegradable. Wadannan bioplastics irin su HDPE duk da haka suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rage iskar gas, musamman lokacin da aka ƙone su don samar da makamashi. Sashe na biobased na waɗannan bioplastics ana ɗaukar su carbon-neutral tunda asalin su ya fito ne daga biomass

=== Anaerobic biodegradability - ASTM D5511-02 da ASTM D 5526 ===
ASTM D5511-12 da ASTM D 5526-12 hanyoyin gwaji ne waɗanda suka bi ka'idodin duniya kamar ISO DIS 15985 don biodegradability na filastik.

== Dubi kuma ==
  

== Manazarta ==
 

== Ƙarin karantawa ==

* [https://www.proquest.com/docview/1347639560 Flastik ba tare da Tarihin Man Fetur ba da Siyasa na 'Green' Flastik a Amurka]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=KZCNJ8qSWKYC ''Filastik da muhalli'']
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=SUCtOwns7TEC&amp;pg=PA155 &quot;Ginin Jama'a na Bakelite: Zuwa ga ka'idar kirkirar&quot;] a cikin The Social Construction of Technological Systems, shafuffuka 155-182&amp;nbsp;

== Haɗin waje ==

* [http://www.gcis.com.cn/11-multi-client-market-research-reports/204-china-biodegradable-plastics-market-research-report Binciken Kasuwar China don Flastik mai lalacewa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210904192810/http://www.gcis.com.cn/11-multi-client-market-research-reports/204-china-biodegradable-plastics-market-research-report |date=2021-09-04 }} An adana shi 2021-09-04 a , Mayu 2017, GCiS China Strategic Research
[[Rukuni:Muhalli]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ahlam Khudr</title>
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'''Ahlam Khudr''' ({{Lang-ar|أحلام خضر}}  &lt;/link&gt; ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Āḥlām Khuḍr'') 'yar ƙasar Sudan ne mai fafutuka kuma ma'aikaciyar gandun daji. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=نت |first=العربية |date=October 19, 2019 |title=مات ابنها.. قصة أم أضحت أيقونة في السودان |url=https://www.alarabiya.net/ar/arab-and-world/sudan/2019/10/19/موت-ابن-يفتح-دربا-لا-عودة-عنها-أم-أضحت-أيقونة-السودان.html |website=العربية نت}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2019 |title=&quot;بي بي سي&quot; تختار سيدتين سودانيتين ضمن أكثر 100 امرأة إلهاماً لعام 2019 |url=https://allshahid.com/?p=10894}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An ƙashe ɗan Khudr a wata zanga-zangar lumana a shekara ta 2013 (wani ɓangare na zanga-zangar 2011-13 a Sudan). Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta kasance mai fafutuka, tana kiran kanta &quot;mahaifiyar shahidai.&quot; Ta kasance mai aiki a dandalin tattaunawa na ƙarƙashin ƙasa, an &quot;yi mata duka&quot; lokacin da jami'an tsaro suka kama ta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=bbcafrica|title=Ahlam Khudr is a protest leader from Sudan. After the death of her 17-year-old son, Ahlam has dedicated her life to seeking justice for him, and fighting for the rights of those killed or 'disappeared' in Sudan. Here's her vision of a future led by women: &lt;nowiki&gt;pic.twitter.com/KXNzuehUP7&lt;/nowiki&gt;|date=October 16, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 17, 2019 |title=All the Arab women who made it to BBC's '100 Women List' |url=https://stepfeed.com/all-the-arab-women-who-made-it-to-bbc-s-100-women-list-1279 |website=StepFeed |access-date=July 15, 2024 |archive-date=December 27, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241227111250/https://stepfeed.com/all-the-arab-women-who-made-it-to-bbc-s-100-women-list-1279 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin watan Disamba 2018, Ahlam Khudr ta kasance mai muhimmanci a [[juyin juya halin Sudan]]. A cikin shekara 2019, an saka ta cikin Mata 100 na BBC. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Arabia |first=ByScene |title=From Revolutionaries to Entrepreneurs: 17 Arabs Chosen among BBC’s 100 Women List for 2019 |url=http://www.scenearabia.com/Culture/Entrepreneurs-Arab-Women-BBC-100-Most-Influential-2019-Activists |website=SceneArabia |access-date=2024-07-15 |archive-date=2023-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408192035/https://scenearabia.com/Culture/Entrepreneurs-Arab-Women-BBC-100-Most-Influential-2019-Activists |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2019 |title=BBC 100 Women 2019: Who is on the list? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-50042279 |via=www.bbc.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abigail Guthrie</title>
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'''Abigail &quot;Abbey&quot; Guthrie''' tsohuwar 'yar wasan [[tennis]] ce. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Spring |first=Jono |date=2019-01-19 |title=Hannah Sutherland-Smith continues to punch above her weight |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/manawatu-standard/news/109999988/hannah-sutherland-smith-continues-to-punch-above-her-weight |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527005127/https://www.stuff.co.nz/manawatu-standard/news/109999988/hannah-sutherland-smith-continues-to-punch-above-her-weight |archive-date=27 May 2021 |access-date=2021-05-27 |website=Stuff |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A Junior Circuit, ta kai kololuwa a lamba 360 a 2008.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} [[Kristi Boxx]] sun sami lakabi biyu na ITF a kewayen Mata a 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=Abigail Guthrie |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/abigail-guthrie/800266041/nzl/wt/d/titles/#pprofile-info-tabs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527005127/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/abigail-guthrie/800266041/nzl/wt/d/titles/ |archive-date=27 May 2021 |access-date=2021-05-27 |website=www.itftennis.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Guthrie ya yi takara a Auckland Open a lokacin rani na 2012/2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Irena Pavlovic vs. Abigail Guthrie 29.12.2012 - ASB Classic - Auckland - TennisLive.co.uk |url=https://www.tennislive.co.uk/wta/match/irena-pavlovic-VS-abigail-guthrie/asb-classic-auckland-2013/ |access-date=2021-06-04 |website=www.tennislive.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aleksandrina Naydenova vs. Abigail Guthrie 28.12.2013 - ASB Classic - Auckland - TennisLive.com |url=https://www.tennislive.net/wta/match/aleksandrina-naydenova-VS-abigail-guthrie/asb-classic-auckland-2013_1/ |access-date=2021-06-04 |website=www.tennislive.net}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kuma yi wasanta na farko don tawagar New Zealand Fed Cup a 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tennis: Fed Cup team start with win |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/tennis-fed-cup-team-start-with-win/WO4J6SHLWCFE3SS4TPO6OO6OEU/ |access-date=2021-05-27 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ |archive-date=2021-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527005129/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/tennis-fed-cup-team-start-with-win/WO4J6SHLWCFE3SS4TPO6OO6OEU/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta rike rikodin 9–1 a gasar bayan Gasar Cin Kofin Rukunin Rukunin Asiya/Oceania na 2014 a [[Astana]], Kazakhstan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015 |title=Tennis New Zealand's Annual Report |url=https://tennis-kiwi.amplifierpreview.co.nz/assets/Files-pdf-word-docs-etc/TNZAnnualReport2014web.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129134617/https://tennis-kiwi.amplifierpreview.co.nz/assets/Files-pdf-word-docs-etc/TNZAnnualReport2014web.pdf |archive-date=29 January 2021 |access-date=27 May 2021 |website=Tennis New Zealand}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2014, kuma a matsayin kati, ita da abokin aikinta Sacha Jones sun doke iri na biyu Marina Erakovic da [[Cara Black]] a zagaye na farko. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jones bids farewell to tennis injuries |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/news/jones-bids-farewell-to-tennis-injuries |access-date=2021-05-27 |website=SBS News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tennis: Erakovic out of ASB Classic |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/tennis-erakovic-out-of-asb-classic/C5JJXXLFGDXSFIIFJSTQSCGHZE/ |access-date=2021-05-27 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ |archive-date=2021-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527005132/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/tennis-erakovic-out-of-asb-classic/C5JJXXLFGDXSFIIFJSTQSCGHZE/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Top seeds fall early at ASB Classic |url=https://www.tvnz.co.nz/content/tvnz/onenews/story/2013/12/30/top-seeds-fall-early-at-asb-classic |access-date=2021-05-27 |website=1 NEWS |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-07-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240727222447/https://www.tvnz.co.nz/content/tvnz/onenews/story/2013/12/30/top-seeds-fall-early-at-asb-classic |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trans-Tasman duo defeats local favourite |url=https://www.asbclassic.co.nz/news/trans-tasman-duo-defeats-local-favourite/ |access-date=2021-06-04 |website=ASB Classic |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ITF Circuit final ==

=== Biyu: 5 (2-3) ===
{|
|
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%&quot;
! Labari
|- style=&quot;background:#f88379;&quot;
| Gasar $100,000
|- style=&quot;background:#f7e98e;&quot;
| Gasar $75,000
|- style=&quot;background:#addfad;&quot;
| Gasar $50,000
|- style=&quot;background:lightblue;&quot;
| Gasar $25,000
|- style=&quot;background:#f0f8ff;&quot;
| Gasar $10,000 
|}
|
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%&quot;
!Ƙarshe ta saman
|-
| Mai tsanani (2-2)
|-
| Laka (0-1)
|-
| Ciyawa (0-0)
|-
| Kafet (0-0)
|}
|}
{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:97%&quot;
!Outcome
!No.
!Date
!Tournament
!Surface
!Partner
!Opponents
!Score
|- style=&quot;background:#f0f8ff;&quot;
| bgcolor=&quot;98FB98&quot; |Winner
|1.
|14 July 2013
|Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt
|Hard (o)
|{{Flagicon|USA}} Kristi Boxx
|{{Flagicon|RUS}} [[Anna Morgina]] &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; {{Flagicon|HUN}} Naomi Totka
|6–1, 6–2
|- style=&quot;background:lightblue;&quot;
| bgcolor=&quot;FFA07A&quot; |Runner-up
|1.
|10 August 2013
|[[Izmir]], Turkey
|Hard (o)
|{{Flagicon|USA}} Kristi Boxx
|{{Flagicon|SRB}} [[Aleksandra Krunic]] &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; {{Flagicon|POL}} [[Katarzyna Piter]]
|2–6, 2–6
|- style=&quot;background:#f0f8ff;&quot;
| bgcolor=&quot;FFA07A&quot; |Runner-up
|2.
|5 October 2013
|[[South Carolina|Hilton Head]], USA
|Clay (o)
|{{Flagicon|USA}} Kristi Boxx
|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Alexandra Mueller]] &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; {{Flagicon|CAN}} Jillian O'Neill
|4–6, 1–6
|- style=&quot;background:lightblue;&quot;
| bgcolor=&quot;98FB98&quot; |Winner
|2.
|13 October 2013
|Macon, USA
|Hard (o)
|{{Flagicon|USA}} Kristi Boxx
|{{Flagicon|USA}} Emily Harman &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Elizabeth Lumpkin]]
|3–6, 7–6&lt;sup&gt;(7–4)&lt;/sup&gt;, [10–4]
|- style=&quot;background:lightblue;&quot;
| bgcolor=&quot;FFA07A&quot; |Runner-up
|3.
|27 October 2013
|Florence, USA
|Hard
|{{Flagicon|USA}} Kristi Boxx
|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Anamika Bhargava]] &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Madison Brengle]]
|5–7, 5–7
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* Abigail Guthrie at the Women's Tennis Association 
* Abigail Guthrie at the International Tennis Federation 
* Abigail Guthrie at the Billie Jean King Cup 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Guthrie, Abigail}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Yan adam]]</text>
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    <title>Florence Griffith Joyner</title>
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      <comment>Replacing Florence_Griffith_Joyner.jpg with [[File:President_Ronald_Reagan_Greeting_Florence_Griffith_Joyner_of_The_United_States_Olympic_Team_in_The_Oval_Office_-_DPLA_-_80c2b6323f406616bcad1ab77b7a176e.jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker</comment>
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''''''Florence Delorez Griffith''' Joyner'''  (an haife ta a ranar  21 ga Disamba, 1959 ta mutu - 21 ga Satumba, 1998), anfi sanin ta da '''Flo-Jo''', 'yar wasan motsa jiki ce ta Amurka kuma mace mafi sauri da aka taɓa yin rikodin.
[[Fayil:President Ronald Reagan Greeting Florence Griffith Joyner of The United States Olympic Team in The Oval Office - DPLA - 80c2b6323f406616bcad1ab77b7a176e.jpg|thumb| Florence Griffith Joyner.]]
[[Fayil:Florence Griffith and Valerie Brisco-Hooks, 1984.jpg|thumb| Florence Griffith da Valerie Brisco-Hooks,a shekarar 1984]]
{{stub}}
==Hotuna==
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==Manazarta==
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]]</text>
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'''Abu al-Barakat al-Nasafi''' fitaccen malamin [[Hanafiyya|Hanafi]] ne, malamin tafsirin Alqur'ani mi girma ne. ([[Tafsiri|mufassir]]),kuma malamin tauhidi Maturidi .Ita ce ma’anar tafsirin wahayi da haqiqanin tawili. 

Ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan mutane na zamanin gargajiya na [[Hanafiyya|Shari'ar Hanafi]] kuma daya daga cikin fitattun malaman makarantar Maturidi a cikin al'adar [[Mabiya Sunnah|Sunni]], wanda ya ci gaba tare da Hanafiyya, wanda ya ba da gudummawa sosai a fagen kimiyyar Islama a ynkin [[Tsakiyar Asiya|Asiya ta Tsakiya]], musamman ga yada tsarin Hanafian da koyarwar makarantar Maturidi cikin duniyar Islama kuma ya bar adadi mai yawa na al'adun kimiyya.

Ya yi nasarar aiki a rassa daban-daban na nazarin Islama kamar [[Tafsiri|tafsir]], [[Fiƙihu|fiqh]] da Kalam . Don gudummawar da ya bayar ga kimiyyar Musulunci an ba shi lakabi mai daraja na &quot;Hafiz al-Din&quot; (Mai Kare Addini). 

'Abd al-Hayy al-Lucknawi ya yaba masa, kuma [[Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani|Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani]] ya bayyana shi a matsayin &quot;[[Allamah|'Allamah]] na Duniya&quot;, kuma Ibn Taghribirdi ya ba shi lakabin girmamawa na &quot;[[Shaykh al-Islām|Shaykh al-Islam]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 September 2010 |title=A Brief Biography of Imam al-Nasafi |url=https://www.alittihad.ae/article/56325/2010/النسفي-رئيس-الحنفية-و-«علامة-الدنيا» |publisher=[[Al-Ittihad (Emirati newspaper)]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wasu malamai sun sanya shi a matsayin [[Ijitihadi|Mujtahid]] a cikin Hanafi fiqh . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Manahij al-Mufassirin by Mani' 'Abd al-Halim Mahmud |url=https://books.rafed.net/view.php?type=c_fbook&amp;b_id=876&amp;page=215 |publisher=rafed.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Suna ==
Abu al-Barakat 'Abd Allah b. Ahmad b. Mahmud Hafiz al-Din al-Nasaf (aikin da aka yi wa birnin Nasaf a Transoxania, Qarshi na zamani a kudancin [[Uzbekistan]]). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Imam Nasafi |url=https://www.bqs.org.uk/imam-nasafi/ |publisher=British Quran Society }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Haihuwar ==
 
Ba a san ranar haihuwarsa ba, amma an haife shi a Izaj. An kuma ce an haife shi a Nasaf a Sogdiana (Kudancin [[Uzbekistan]] da Yammacin [[Tajikistan]] na yanzu). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, First Edition (1913-1936) |url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-1/al-nasafi-SIM_3422 |publisher=BrillOnline Reference Works}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Malamai ==
Ya yi karatu a karkashin wasu malamai da masters, kamar: 

* Shams al-A'imma Abu al-Wajd Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Sattar b. Muhammad al'Imādi al-Kardari (ya mutu 642 AH).
* Hamid al-Din 'Ali b. Muhammad b. 'Ali al-Darir al-Ramushi al-Bukhari (ya mutu 666 AH).
* Badr al-Din Jawahir-Zadah Muhammad b. Mahmud b. 'Abdelkarim (ya mutu 651 AH).

== Dalibai ==
Dalibansa sune: &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, First Edition (1913-1936) |url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-1/al-nasafi-SIM_3422 |publisher=BrillOnline Reference Works}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Muzaffar al-Din ibn al-Sa'ati, marubucin Majma' al-Bahrain wa Multaqa al-Nayyirain (ya mutu 694/1294 - 1295).
* Husam al-Din Husayn b. 'Ali al-Sighnaqi, mai sharhi kan al-Hidaya (ya mutu 714/1314 - 1315).

== Littattafai ==
Wasu daga cikin shahararrun ayyukansa sune: 

* ''Madarik al-Tanzil wa Haqa'iq al-Ta'wil'' (Arabic) 'The Perceptions of Revelation and the Truths of Interpretation').
* ''Kanz al-Daqa'iq'' (Arabic) taƙaitaccen umarnin shari'ar Islama ne bisa ga makarantar Shari'a ta Hanifite.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Treasure of Exactitudes: On the Doctrine of the Great Imam Abu Hanifah al-Nuʿman Ibn Thabit |url=https://www.wdl.org/en/item/11226/ |publisher=[[World Digital Library]] |access-date=2024-10-29 |archive-date=2021-03-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210328080231/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/11226/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Manar al-Anwar fi Usul al-Fiqh'' (Arabic) 'The Lighthouse casting Light on the Principles of Jurisprudence'). 
* '' 'Umdat al-Aqa'id'' (Arabic, lit. 'Babban Ginshiƙi na Alkawari'). Wani rubutu game da Kalam (tauhidin Islama), yana bayyana koyarwar [[Mabiya Sunnah|Sunni]], tare da karyata koyarwar [[Shi'a]] da sauran ƙungiyoyi.  Masanin Gabas na Ingila William Cureton ne ya shirya aikin kuma ya buga shi a Landan a 1843, a ƙarƙashin taken 'Umdat 'Aqidat Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah (Arabic: عمدة عقيدة أهل السنة والجماعة, lit. 'Pillar of the Creed of the Sunnites') ya kuma rubuta tsokaci ga wannan littafin kuma ya kira shi Al-I'timad (Arabic).Masanin Gabas na Ingila William Cureton ne ya shirya aikin kuma ya buga shi a [[Landan]] a 1843, a ƙarƙashin taken 'Umdat 'Aqidat Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah (Arabic language&quot; typeof=&quot;mw:Transclusion&quot;&gt;Arabic: عمدة عقيدة أهل السنة والجماعة, lit. 'Pillar of the Creed of the Sunnites') ya kuma rubuta tsokaci ga wannan littafin kuma ya kira shi ''Al-I'timad'' (Arabic).
* ''Al-Musaffa fi Sharh al-Manzuma al-Nasafiyya fi al-Khilafiyyat'' (Arabic) 'Fitar da waƙoƙin al-Napafi a kan Bambance-bambance'). Ayyukan sharhi game da Abu Hafs 'Umar al-Nasafi's ''al-Manzumah fi al-Khilafiyyat'' wanda littafi ne game da rikice-rikice da bambance-bambance tsakanin makarantun shari'a.

== Mutuwa ==
Ya mutu a shekara ta 710/1310 a [[Bagdaza|Bagadaza]] a daren Jumma'a na watan [[Rabi' al-awwal|Rabi' al-Awwal]] . An binne shi a garin Izaj da ke tsakanin Khuzestan da [[Isfahan]] . A cewar Kurashi da Ibn Taghribirdi, ranar mutuwarsa ta kasance 701 AH = 1301 AD.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, First Edition (1913-1936) |url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-1/al-nasafi-SIM_3422 |publisher=BrillOnline Reference Works}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi]]

== Manazarta ==
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    <title>Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert</title>
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[[Fayil:MtAlbert.1.jpg|thumb|Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert]]
'''Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura''', dutse ne mai launin fitattun wuta kuma Tūpuna Maunga (dutse ne mai tarihi) wanda ya mamaye fadin wuri na yankin Ōwairano da Dutsen Albert na [[Auckland]].

== Magana ==
Babban sunan Māori na tsaunin shine ''Ōwairaka'', wanda ke nufin 'Wurin Wairaka'. Wairaka 'yar Toroa ce, kwamandan ɗaya daga cikin manyan matuƙan jiragen ruwa, ''Mātaatua'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;Place Names&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Alexander Wyclif Reed}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwIg&quot;&gt;Wakaka&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; sananne ne saboda suna Whakatāne, wani gari a Gabashin Bay of Plenty inda ta ceci waka daga kwarara zuwa teku. An nuna ta a cikin Siffar Wairaka da ke Whakatāne Heads . Wairaka daga baya ta koma [[Auckland|Tāmaki Makaurau]] don kauce wa auren da aka shirya kuma ta kafa nata pā a Ōwairaka . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dunsford |first=Deborah |title=Wairaka, heroine of her time |url=http://www.mtalbertinc.co.nz/through-historians-eyes/ |access-date=14 November 2019 |website=Mt Albert Inc |publisher=Mt Albert Historical Society}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sauran sunan Māori, {{Lang|MI|Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura}}, yana nufin 'tsawon wuta na Rakataura', yana nufin ci gaba da aikinta na mai binciken Tainui [[Rakataura|Rakatāura]] (wanda aka fi sani da Hape).&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ōwairaka / Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura |url=https://www.maunga.nz/maunga/owairaka-te-ahi-ka-a-rakataura/ |access-date=2022-04-03 |website=www.maunga.nz |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;linz&quot;&gt;{{LINZ|access-date=21 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ɗaya daga cikin sunayen farko da Tāmaki Māori ya ba dutsen mai fitattun wuta shine ''Te Puke ko Ruarangi'' (Dutse na Ruarangi). Labarin gargajiya ya shafi Ruarangi, wani shugaban mutanen Patupaiarehe, wanda Kuma ya tsere wa wani hari a kan Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert ta hanyar bututun lava kuma ya fito a Western Springs Te Wai Ōrea . 

An ba dutsen sunan Ingilishi, Dutsen Albert, bayan matar [[Sarauniya Victoria]], Yarima Albert, biyo bayan wata takarda a shekarar 1866 ga Superintendent na Lardin Auckland . &lt;ref name=&quot;Place Names&quot;/&gt;

Babu wani daga cikin sunayen uku da hukuma ne. A cikin shekarar 2014, Tāmaki Collective ya amince cewa duka Ōwairaka da Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura sun nuna tarihin tarihin Māori na gida tare da wannan shafin. Daga cikin uku, Ōwairaka shine sunan da aka fi amfani dashi.

Majalisar Auckland da Hukumar Tūpuna Maunga suna nufin shafin a matsayin ''Ōwairaka / Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura / Dutsen Albert'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Council |first=Auckland |title=Tūpuna Maunga significance and history |url=http://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/about-auckland-council/how-auckland-council-works/kaupapa-maori/comanagement-authorities-boards/tupuna-maunga-tamaki-makaurau-authority/Pages/tupuna-maunga-significance-history.aspx |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=Auckland Council |language=en |archive-date=2022-05-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520111119/https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/about-auckland-council/how-auckland-council-works/kaupapa-maori/comanagement-authorities-boards/tupuna-maunga-tamaki-makaurau-authority/Pages/tupuna-maunga-significance-history.aspx |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;/&gt; An san shi da sunan biyu Ōwairaka / Mount Albert . &lt;ref name=&quot;Trees&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ōwairaka / Mount Albert trees |url=https://www.waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/Ōwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104064332/https://waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/%C5%8Cwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees |archive-date=4 January 2020 |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=waateanews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ōwairaka/Mt Albert tree war heads to High Court as Auckland citizens take on Tūpuna Maunga Authority |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/owairakamt-albert-tree-war-heads-to-high-court-as-auckland-citizens-take-on-tupuna-maunga-authority/UJJABZUFJO4RUXAIHJ2UJOKP7I/ |access-date=23 December 2020 |website=[[The New Zealand Herald]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Janairun shekarar 2020, masanin tarihi Pita Tūrei ya yi jayayya da gaskiyar tarihi na ''Ōwairaka'' da ake kira bayan Wairaka, yana mai da'awar cewa sunan shine a maimakon haka taƙaitaccen {{Lang|mi|Te Wai o Rakataura}}, sunan ga wuraren da ke cikin Oakley Creek.

== Yanayin ƙasa da tarihi ==
[[Fayil:Mount_Albert_Ōwairaka_1845.jpg|right|thumb|Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert watercolour wanda John Guise Mitford ya zana a shekarar 1845. Māori ne suka tono wuraren da aka ɗora don zama da tsaro. Yawancin sun lalace daga baya ta hanyar haƙa dutse.]]
[[Fayil:Mount_Albert,_Auckland,_New_Zealand.jpg|right|thumb|Ra'ayi na dutsen wuta Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert, a cikin katin waya daga kusan 1910.]]
Babbar tudu, a cikin filin shakatawa a kudancin ƙarshen unguwar, tana da mita 135 (443 a tsawo, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin kusan 53 da ba a taɓa gani ba a duk faɗin birnin Auckland, dukansu suna cikin filin dutsen mai fitattun wuta na Auckland {{Convert|135|m}}

Dutsen ya fashe kusan shekaru 120,000 da suka gabata. Dutsen ya kasance a baya mita 148 (486 ft) tsawo kuma shafin daya daga cikin muhimman Māori pā a yankin, tare da shahararrun wuraren da aka tono da rami don zama da tsaro. 486&amp;nbsp;

Ngāti Awa shugaban Titahi da wani ɓangare na ''iwi'' (ƙabilar) an ba su kyauta don aikin ƙasa, kodayake aikin mai yiwuwa ya ɗauki ƙarni da yawa, ta amfani da kayan aikin hannu. Ōwairaka 'dutse ce' ga Maungakiekie wacce Titahi ta tono. Ōwairaka daga baya ya kasance pā na ƙungiyar [[Te Waiohua|Waiohua]] ta Tāmaki, wanda babban shugaban Kiwi Tāmaki ya ziyarta a wasu lokutan lokacin da za a kiyaye tsuntsaye. pā yana da yawan jama'a har zuwa kusan dubu daya da rabi a cikin ƙarni na 16 da 17. Bayan Te Taoū [[Ngāti Whātua]] ya ci Waiohua a babban yakin Paruroa, mambobin Te Taoū, Ngā Oho da Te Uringutu sun kama Ōwairaka kuma sun mamaye su. Ta hanyar auren dabarun, masu nasara sun shiga cikin jini tare da Tāmaki, ma'ana Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei yana da zuriya tare da kungiyoyin da suka mamaye Tāmaki Makaurau na ƙarni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Council |first=Auckland |title=Ōwairaka / Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura / Mt Albert Path – historic walks in Auckland |url=http://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/parks-recreation/get-outdoors/aklpaths/Pages/path-detail.aspx?ItemId=395 |access-date=2022-04-02 |website=Auckland Council |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Auckland Council |title=Ōwairaka - Mt Albert heritage walks, brochure |url=https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/arts-culture-heritage/heritage-walks-places/Pages/owairaka-mt-albert-walks.aspx |journal=Auckland Council}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Volcanic Auckland |url=https://www.nzgeo.com/stories/volcanic-auckland/ |access-date=2022-04-03 |website=New Zealand Geographic |language=en-NZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan da Crown ta sami ƙasar a cikin 1841 kuma ta raba ta zuwa ƙananan gonaki, manyan duwatsu sun rage tsawo na ƙanƙara da kimanin mita 15 (49 , sun canza siffarta sosai kuma sun rage yawan ƙasa zuwa ƙasa zuwa ƙasa da rabi. An dakatar da ma'adinai a cikin 1928 saboda matsin lamba don riƙe ramukan Māori wanda ya rinjayi waɗanda aka gina a Yaƙin Duniya na 1. Dutsen da farko yana da craters biyu. An daidaita daya don yin filin wasa a cikin shekarun 1900. Sauran an kafa shi a cikin tafkin ruwa na Majalisar Yankin Auckland a shekarar 1945. An kwashe ramin dutse na basalt a cikin 1961 don filin harbi kuma an kwantar da ciki na kwano, yana cire ƙarin alamun archaeological. Idan aka kwatanta da raguwa kaɗan na aikin ƙasa na Māori sun kasance, amma shafin ya kasance mai mahimmanci ga Māori da archaeological.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

Amfani da yanzu na maunga (dutse) sun haɗa da tafiya na nishaɗi, filayen wasa, kulob din harbi da tafkin ruwa a ƙarƙashin paddock a gefen kudancin dutsen.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;

== Yarjejeniyar yarjejeniya ==
[[Fayil:Ōwairaka_Te_Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura_Mount_Albert_Sign.JPG|right|thumb|Babban alamar shigarwa ta Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert.]]
A cikin Yarjejeniyar Waitangi ta 2014 tsakanin Crown da ''Ngā Mana Whenua o ''Tāmaki Makaurau'''' na 13 Auckland iwi da hapū (wanda aka fi sani da Tāmaki Collective), mallakar 14 Tūpuna Maunga na Tāmaki makaurau / Auckland an ba da shi ga ƙungiyar. Dokar ta bayyana cewa za a riƙe ƙasar a amince da ita &quot;don amfanin Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau da sauran mutanen Auckland&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau Collective Redress Act 2014 |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2014/0052/latest/whole.html |access-date=25 October 2014 |website=New Zealand Legislation}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Ben |date=2019-11-13 |title=Who really owns Ōwairaka? |url=https://thespinoff.co.nz/auckland/13-11-2019/who-really-owns-owairaka |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=The Spinoff}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dokar ta kuma bayyana cewa 14 Tūpuna Maunga na Auckland, gami da Ōwairaka / Mount Albert, suna da ajiya kuma suna ƙarƙashin Dokar Tsaro ta 1977. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau Collective Redress Act 2014 No 52 (as at 01 August 2020), Public Act 41 Maunga must remain as reserves vested in trustee – New Zealand Legislation |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2014/0052/latest/DLM5322527.html?search=sw_096be8ed819ec4e5_%22reserves+act%22_25_se&amp;p=1&amp;sr=18 |access-date=2020-11-25 |website=www.legislation.govt.nz}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert an rarraba shi a matsayin 'tsarin shakatawa'. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau Collective Redress Act 2014 No 52 (as at 01 August 2020), Public Act 22 Mount Albert – New Zealand Legislation |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2014/0052/latest/DLM5322503.html?search=sw_096be8ed819ec4e5_%22reserves+act%22_25_se&amp;p=1&amp;sr=7 |access-date=2020-11-25 |website=www.legislation.govt.nz}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hukumar Tūpuna Maunga o Tāmaki Makaurau ko Hukumar Tūpun Maunga (TMA) kungiya ce ta hadin gwiwa da aka kafa don gudanar da Tūpuna maunga 14. Majalisar Auckland tana kula da Tūpuna Maunga a karkashin jagorancin TMA . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tūpuna Maunga o Tāmaki Makaurau Authority |url=https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/about-auckland-council/how-auckland-council-works/kaupapa-maori/comanagement-authorities-boards/tupuna-maunga-tamaki-makaurau-authority/Pages/default.aspx |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=Auckland Council}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ngā Kōrero |url=https://www.maunga.nz/about-us/ |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=www.maunga.nz |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Samun damar mota ==
[[Fayil:Ōwairaka_Te_Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura_Mount_Albert_Entrance.JPG|right|thumb|Babban ƙofar Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert, yana nuna ƙofofi biyu da ke dakatar da yawancin motoci daga shiga hanya.]]
Saboda muhimmancin ruhaniya da al'adu na {{Lang|mi|maunga}} ga Māori, da kuma tsaron masu tafiya, an rufe hanyar taron har abada ga mafi yawan motoci a watan Maris na shekara ta 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Changes to vehicle access on Tūpuna Maunga |url=https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/about-auckland-council/how-auckland-council-works/kaupapa-maori/comanagement-authorities-boards/tupuna-maunga-tamaki-makaurau-authority/Pages/changes-vehicle-access-tupuna-maunga.aspx |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=Auckland Council}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Owairaka the sixth and final maunga closed to cars |url=https://tewahanui.nz/auckland-issues/owairaka-the-sixth-and-final-maunga-closed-to-cars |access-date=2022-08-06 |website=tewahanui.nz}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Maido da tsire-tsire na asali ==
[[Fayil:Mount_Albert_Ōwairaka_Native_Trees.jpeg|right|thumb|Tsofaffin itatuwan Puriri da pōhutukawa da ke girma a kan Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert . Fiye da rabin bishiyoyin itace na yanzu 'yan asalin ne.&lt;ref name=&quot;Trees&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ōwairaka / Mount Albert trees |url=https://www.waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/Ōwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104064332/https://waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/%C5%8Cwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees |archive-date=4 January 2020 |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=waateanews.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200104064332/https://waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/%C5%8Cwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees &quot;Ōwairaka / Mount Albert trees&quot;]. ''waateanews.com''. Archived from [https://www.waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/Ōwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees the original] on 4 January 2020&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;4 January&lt;/span&gt; 2020&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;]]
A matsayin wani ɓangare na babban shirin aiki don dawo da lalacewa, gami da tsire-tsire na asali da wuraren zama na namun daji, TMA na shirin cire bishiyoyi 345 da kuma dasa sabbin bishiyoyi da tsire'o'i 13,000. Yawancin bishiyoyi masu ban sha'awa ana rarraba su a matsayin ƙwayoyin cuta ko nau'in ciyawa a ƙarƙashin dabarun Gudanar da Kayan Cutar Yankin Auckland. Har ila yau, aikin yana da niyyar adanawa da haɓaka wuraren kallo tsakanin Auckland. Aikin yana da yardar ma'aikata, goyon bayan masu ilimin muhalli, masu binciken bishiyoyi, Majalisar Auckland, Majalisar Itace, Forest da Bird da Tāmaki Collective . &lt;ref name=&quot;Trees&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;/&gt;

A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019 wani rukuni na masu zanga-zangar sun toshe cire bishiyoyi masu ban sha'awa, suna nuna damuwa game da dabbobi da tsire-tsire masu ban sha-tsire.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Meet the activists trying to stop native trees being planted on Mt Albert |url=https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2019/11/meet-the-activists-trying-to-stop-native-trees-being-planted-on-mt-albert.amp.html |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=Newshub }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Janairun 2020, Pouroto Ngaropo, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin 'shugaban Ngāti Awa ki Te Awa o Te Atua', ya yi iƙirarin alaƙar kakanninmu da Ōwairaka kuma ya yi magana a adawa da shirin TMA daga hangen nesa na Māori. Wakilin da aka ba da umarni na Ngāti Awa ''iwi'', Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Awa, ya ce Tāmaki Collective ''iwi'' yana da damar sare bishiyoyi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Māori world view important in Ōwairaka tree debate |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/pouroto-ngaropo-maori-world-view-important-in-owairaka-tree-debate/OFKHYI6SOWT7JIQIKOPUKZ745Y/?fbclid=IwAR2R4_C5-uAjqgivkVCLzRTY5tMEorfKDxZRq6oh1ErjYhzsA0T66JexbdM |access-date=14 January 2020 |website=nzherald }}{{Dead link|date=December 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Ngati Awa backs Tamaki iwi right to make Owairaka tree cull call |url=https://waateanews.com/2020/01/10/ngati-awa-backs-tamaki-iwi-right-to-make-owairaka-tree-cull-call/ |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=Waatea News: Māori Radio Station |language=en-NZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Mayu 2020, don mayar da martani ga rashin jituwa da ya haifar da zanga-zangar da kuma rubutun ra'ayi a shafin, wakilan Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei a fili sun nemi TMA, Majalisar Auckland da masu zanga-zambe suyi aiki tare don neman sulhu don ci gaba da sake farfado da itacen asali.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=owairakamt-albert-tree-impasse-time-to-move-forward-agree-protesters-and-ngati-whatua |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/owairakamt-albert-tree-impasse-time-to-move-forward-agree-protesters-and-ngati-whatua/NBCADRVEJPW6ZZSPDWKR62HXSU/ |access-date=4 May 2020 |website=nzherald |archive-date=30 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030113805/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/owairakamt-albert-tree-impasse-time-to-move-forward-agree-protesters-and-ngati-whatua/NBCADRVEJPW6ZZSPDWKR62HXSU/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Yunin 2020 wata mace Māori ta yi iƙirarin cewa an yi mata cin zarafin launin fata a filin ajiye motoci a Dutsen Albert, kuma ta ce kasancewar kungiyar ta &quot;[protest] ta kara tashin hankali a kan Dutsen Albert&quot;. TMA ta ce wasu Māori na gida, gami da yara, sun ji ba su da kwanciyar hankali kuma an ɗaga tsaro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-06-11 |title=Māori woman allegedly racially abused at Ōwairaka while out on a walk |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/418744/maori-woman-allegedly-racially-abused-at-owairaka-while-out-on-a-walk |access-date=2022-04-02 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Nuwamba 2020, wani masanin kimiyyar tsuntsaye ya nuna damuwa game da cire bishiyoyi a lokacin da tsuntsaye ke yin gida, yana neman a jinkirta duk wani aiki har zuwa Fabrairu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mt Albert Tree Felling would be cruel of nesting birds experts say |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/117549183/mt-albert-tree-removal-felling-would-be-cruel-on-nesting-birds-experts-say |access-date=20 November 2019 |website=Stuff}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Disamba na 2020, Babban Kotun ta gano cewa TMA da Majalisar Auckland sun yi aiki bisa doka, suna ba da damar shirye-shiryen sabuntawa na asali su ci gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tūpuna Maunga Authority wins court battle in Ōwairaka/Mt Albert tree war |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/tupuna-maunga-authority-wins-court-battle-in-owairakamt-albert-tree-war/6WCF3XRODUK56TSC2GRRNZMTCA/ |access-date=23 December 2020 |website=[[The New Zealand Herald]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, Kotun daukaka kara ta gano cewa shirin TMA ya karya Dokar Tsaro kuma bai tuntubi jama'a yadda ya kamata ba. Sakamakon haka, an 'tsayar da Yarjejeniyar Resource'. A watan Yuni, Kotun Koli ta ki sauraron aikace-aikacen da TMA ta yi don daukaka kara kan shawarar. TMA ta lura cewa &quot;Kotu ta daukaka kara ba ta yanke shawara game da cire itace ba, maimakon tsarin shari'a da za a bi. &quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ōwairaka/Mt Albert tree fight goes full circle |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/kahu/owairakamt-albert-tree-fight-goes-full-circle/AO5ZGUBL75PNJP5NOCIKG3HMOY/ |access-date=2022-07-12 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta  ==
{{Reflist}}

* ''Dutsen wuta na Auckland: Jagoran filin''. Hayward, B.W.; Auckland University Press, 2019, shafi na 335  . 

== Haɗin waje ==

* [http://www.aucklandcity.govt.nz/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll?AC=SEE_ALSO&amp;QF0=Subjects&amp;QI0==%22Mount+Albert,+mountain%22&amp;XC=/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll&amp;BU=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aucklandcity.govt.nz%2Fdbtw-wpd%2Fheritageimages%2Findex.htm&amp;TN=heritageimages&amp;SN=AUTO20186&amp;SE=880&amp;RN=0&amp;MR=20&amp;TR=0&amp;TX=1000&amp;ES=0&amp;CS=1&amp;XP=&amp;RF=HIOReport&amp;EF=&amp;DF=HIORecord&amp;RL=0&amp;EL=0&amp;DL=0&amp;NP=2&amp;ID=&amp;MF=WPEngMsg.ini&amp;MQ=&amp;TI=0&amp;DT=&amp;ST=0&amp;IR=2515&amp;NR=1&amp;NB=0&amp;SV=0&amp;SS=1&amp;BG=&amp;FG=&amp;QS=index&amp;OEX=ISO-8859-1&amp;OEH=ISO-8859-1 Hotunan Ōwairaka]{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} da aka gudanar a cikin tarin al'adun Auckland.
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    <title>Abincin Maroko</title>
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Abinci na [[Moroko|Maroko]] (Arabic) shine '''Abincin Moroko''', wanda aka haɓaka ta hanyar hulɗa da musayar tare da al'adu da kasashe da yawa a cikin ƙarni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 October 2007 |title=The Art of Moroccan Cuisine |url=http://fescooking.com/come-cook-with-us/the-art-of-moroccan-cuisine}}&lt;/ref&gt; Abincin Moroko yawanci cakuda ne na Larabawa, Berber, Andalusi, da kuma abincin Bahar Rum, tare da ƙananan tasirin Turai (Faransanci da Mutanen Espanya) da kuma yankin Sahara. Kamar sauran [[Abincin Maghrebi]], abincin Moroko yana da alaƙa da Abincin Gabas ta Tsakiya fiye da sauran yankunan [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|Afirka]].

A cewar mai dafa abinci na Moroko kuma mai binciken abinci {{Interlanguage link|Hossin Houari|ary|الحسين الهواري}} [ary], tsoffin alamun abinci na Marok da har yanzu ana iya lura da su a yau sun koma  na 7 BC.&lt;ref name=&quot;moroccanchefs&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 January 2019 |title=Best Moroccan Chefs honored on a TV program, interview with Hossin Houari |url=https://2m.ma/ar/news/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A9-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9-20190121/ |language=ar,ary}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An haramta cin naman alade ga Musulmai a Maroko, daidai da dokokin abinci na Islama.

== Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su ==
Moroko tana samar da 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu masu yawa na Bahar Rum, da kuma kayayyakin wurare masu zafi kamar kwari. Naman da aka saba da shi sun hada da naman sa, awaki, [[Rago|ragon da ɗan rago]], wanda, tare da kaza da abincin teku, suna aiki a matsayin tushe don abinci. Abubuwan da ke da ɗanɗano sun haɗa da lemun tsami, man argan, man shanu da aka adana (smen), Man zaitun, da busassun 'ya'yan itatuwa.

Babban hatsi a yau shinkafa ne da alkama, ana amfani da su don burodi da couscous, kodayake har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 20, [[sha'ir]] ya kasance muhimmiyar mahimmanci, musamman a kudu. Ana yawan cin inabi sabo, a matsayin kayan zaki; amfani da ruwan inabi kusan 1 lita ne kawai a kowace shekara. Fatsun dafa abinci na gargajiya shine man shanu da kitsen dabba, kodayake man zaitun yanzu yana maye gurbin su. Ana amfani da man shanu duka sabo, ''zebeda'', da kuma adanawa, ''smen''.

== Abincin ɗanɗano ==
Ana amfani da kayan yaji da Ras el hanout sosai a cikin abincin Maroko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What Is Baharat Spice? - Baharat vs. Ras el Hanout |url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-baharat-spice-2355809 |access-date=2024-11-19 |archive-date=2021-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029174913/https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-baharat-spice-2355809 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da yake ta kadance ana shigo da wasu kayan yaji zuwa Maroko ta hanyar [[Larabawa]], suna gabatar da tasirin dafa abinci na Farisa da Larabci, sinadaran da yawa - kamar saffron daga Talaouine, mint da zaitun daga [[Ameknas|Meknes]], da orange da lemun tsami daga [[Fas|Fes]] - ana shuka su a gida, kuma ana fitar da su. Bayan [[Idrisid dynasty|Idrissids]] sun kafa [[Fas|Fes]] a cikin 789, wanda ya fi yawa a Al'adun Larabawa, an kawo kayan yaji da yawa daga gabas. Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da cinnamon, cumin, turmeric, [[Citta|ginger]], paprika, Coriander, saffron, mace, cloves, fennel, [[Anise]], Nutmeg, Cayenne pepper, fenugreek, caraway, black pepper da sesame seeds. An haɗa kayan yaji ashirin da bakwai don cakuda kayan yaji na Maroko ''Ras el hanout''.

Shuke-shuke na yau da kullun a cikin abincin Maroko sun haɗa da mint, parsley, Coriander, Oregon, peppermint, marjoram, verbena, sage da Bay laurel.

== Tsarin abinci ==
[[Fayil:خذنجال_وسلو.jpg|thumb|''Khudenjal'', shayi na ganye wanda ya dogara da ''Alpinia officinarum,'' da nau'ikan selou guda biyu a [[Jema el-Fnaa|Jemaa el-Fnaa]] a Marrakesh.]]
Kayan cin abincin rana na yau da kullun yana farawa da jerin salads masu zafi da sanyi, sannan ''[[Tajine|tagine]]'' ko dwaz. Sau da yawa, don abinci na yau da kullun, abincin ɗan rago ko kaza na gaba ne, ko couscous da aka rufe da nama da kayan lambu. A al'ada, Maroko suna cin abinci da hannayensu kuma suna amfani da burodi. Amfani da naman alade da barasa ba abu ne mai yawa ba saboda Ƙuntatawa na addini.

== Babban abinci ==
[[Fayil:كسكس_بالخضار_والتفاية.jpg|left|thumb|[[Couscous]] tare da kayan lambu, nama, da ''tfaya'', kayan lambu ne na albasa, ruwan inabi, sukari, man shanu, da cinnamon.]]
Babban abincin Maroko da aka fi sani da shi shine [[couscous]];  Ɗan rago shine nama da aka fi cinyewa a Maroko, yawanci ana cinye shi a cikin ''[[Tajine|tagine]]'' tare da zaɓi mai yawa na kayan lambu. Ana amfani da kaza sosai a cikin ''tagines'' ko gasa. Suna kuma amfani da ƙarin sinadaran kamar furotin, ƙwai da aka dafa, da lemun tsami. Kamar abincin su na kasa, ''tagine'' yana da ɗanɗano na musamman na sanannun kayan yaji kamar saffron, cumin, cinnamon, ginger, da cilantro, da kuma jan albasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Food, Morocco Travel Guide |url=https://www.desertmoroccoadventure.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Morocco-Travel-Guide-DMA.pdf |publisher=Desert Morocco Adventure}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abinci na Maroko yana da wadataccen abincin teku. An kama pilchard na Turai da yawa amma yana raguwa. Sauran nau'ikan kifi sun haɗa da mackerel, anchovy, sardinella, da mackeral na doki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Moroccan Sardine FAO 34 |url=http://fisheryimprovementprojects.org/fip/moroccan-sardine-2/ |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Fishery Improvement Projects}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sauran shahararrun abinci na Maroko sune pastilla (wanda aka rubuta ''basteeya'' ko bestilla), &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwqw&quot;&gt;tanjia&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, da ''rfissa'' .
[[Fayil:TAGINE_COOKED_CHICKEN_AND_VEGETABLES_WITH_MINT_TEA_IN_JEMAA_EL_FNA_SQUARE_MARRAKECH_MOROCCO_APRIL_2013_(8704488002).jpg|left|thumb|Kayan kaza da kayan lambu da aka dafa tare da shayi na mint da Khobz el-dâr.]]
Babban bangare na abincin yau da kullun shine burodi. Gurasa a Maroko galibi ana yin ta ne daga semolina na alkama da aka sani da &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwtw&quot;&gt;Khobz&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; . Gidajen burodi sun zama ruwan dare a ko'ina cikin Maroko kuma sabo ne mai mahimmanci a kowane birni, gari, da ƙauye. Mafi yawanci shine ƙasa mai laushi mai laushi ko burodi mai farar gari ko baguettes. Har ila yau, akwai gurasa mai laushi da yawa da gurasar da ba a dafa ba.

Bugu da kari, akwai nama mai gishiri da nama mai gishirin da aka adana kamar su khlea da g'did (ainihin naman [[Rago|tumaki]]), waɗanda ake amfani da su don dandana ''tagines'' ko amfani da su a cikin el ''Rghaif'', pancake mai ɗanɗano na Maroko.

== Soup ==
''[[Harira]]'', wani nau'i mai nauyi, ana cinye shi a lokacin hunturu don dumi kuma yawanci ana ba da shi don abincin dare. Yawanci ana cinye shi tare da burodi mai sauƙi ko tare da kwanakin a lokacin watan Ramadan. ''[[Bissara]]'' babban sopo ne na wake wanda kuma ake cinyewa a lokacin watanni masu sanyi na shekara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Valenta |first=Kyle |date=June 23, 2016 |title=How to eat breakfast like a local around the world - Provided By Advertising Publications |url=http://www.seattletimes.com/nwshowcase/journeys/how-to-eat-breakfast-like-a-local-around-the-world/ |access-date=September 6, 2016 |website=[[The Seattle Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Beboush, mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗana, kayan abinci ne na gargajiya a cikin abincin Maroko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-10-26 |title=Moroccan Cuisine: The Ultimate Guide of the Best 25 foods! |url=https://www.marrakechgo.com/savoring-moroccan-cuisine-moroccan-food/ |access-date=2023-10-26 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026232123/https://www.marrakechgo.com/savoring-moroccan-cuisine-moroccan-food/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; An yi shi ne ta hanyar dafa ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin broth mai ƙanshi wanda aka haɗa da kayan ƙanshi, gami da kumin, coriander, da mint.
[[Fayil:Salade_asortie_Beni_Mellal,_Morocco.jpg|thumb|''Salad asorti'', ya yi aiki a Beni Mellal]]
Salad sun hada da kayan lambu da kayan lambobi, ana ba da su zafi ko sanyi.&lt;ref name=&quot;zeldes&quot; /&gt; Sun hada da ''Zaalouk,'' aubergine da [[Tumatir|Tumar]] cakuda, da kuma ''Hituka'' (haɗewar tumatir, hayaki mai hayaki, tafarnuwa, da kayan yaji) halayyar biranen Taza da Fes, a cikin Atlas.&lt;ref name=&quot;zeldes&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Zeldes |first=Leah A. |date=Jan 12, 2024 |title=Eat this! Zaalouk, a cooked salad from Morocco |url=https://privatedeserttours.com/authentic-moroccan-cuisine/ |website=Authentic Moroccan Cuisine |publisher=Private Desert Tours}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani salatin sanyi ana kiransa ''bakoula'', ko ''khoubiza'', wanda ya kunshi ganyen mallow da aka gasa, amma kuma ana iya yin shi da spinach ko arugula, tare da parsley, cilantro, lemun tsami, man zaitun, da zaitun.

== Abincin cin abinci ==
[[Fayil:Moroccan_cookies_seller_marrakech.jpg|thumb|Mai sayar da kukis na gargajiya na Maroko a tsohuwar Madina a Marrakech]]
Yawancin lokaci, ana ba da 'ya'yan itatuwa na yanayi maimakon kayan zaki a ƙarshen abinci. Abincin zaki na yau da kullun shine ''kaab da ghzal'' ({{Lang|ar|كعب الغزال}}, ƙafar gaselle), burodi da aka cika da almond paste kuma an rufe shi da sukari. Wani kuma shine ''halwa Chebakia'', gurasar da aka dafa da siffar pretzel, an tsoma shi cikin zuma kuma an yayyafa shi da tsaba na sesame; ana cin shi a lokacin watan Ramadan. ''Jowhara'' abinci ne mai ɗanɗano na musamman na Fes, wanda aka yi da gasawar ''waraq'', cream, da sassan almond. Kayan kwalliya na kwakwa, 'Zucre Coco', ma sanannu ne.

== Abincin Ruwa ==
Maroko tana da fiye da kilomita 3000 na bakin teku. &amp;nbsp;Akwai yalwar kifi a cikin waɗannan ruwan bakin teku tare da sardine yana da mahimmanci a kasuwanci kamar yadda Maroko ita ce babbar mai fitarwa a duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Moroccan Fishery Products Exports on the World Market |url=https://www.finances.gov.ma/Docs/2012/depf/7405_etude_aout2012.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; An yi amfani da Sardines a cikin samar da garum a Lixus.

A kasuwannin kifi na Maroko, mutum na iya samun sole, swordfish, tuna, turbot, mackerel, shrimp, conger eel, skate, red snapper, spider crab, lobster da kuma nau'ikan mollusks.

A cikin abincin Maroko, ana haɗa abincin teku a cikin, da sauransu, tajines, &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwARQ&quot;&gt;bastilla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ''briouat'', da ''paella''.
[[Fayil:السوق_المركزي_فواكه_البحر.jpg|thumb|Abincin teku don sayarwa a Babban Kasuwar [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]]Kasuwar Tsakiya]]

== Abin sha ==
[[Fayil:Moroccan_mint_tea_on_a_traditional_tray.jpg|thumb|shayi na mint na Morocco]]
[[Fayil:كرواصن_بيستاش_مع_نص-نص.jpg|thumb|Wani pistachio croissant ya yi aiki tare da ''nuṣ-nuṣ'' ({{Lang|ary|نص-نص}} &quot;rabi-rabi,&quot; wani nau'in Moroccan na cafe crème), ya yi aiki a wani cafe a Casablanca.]]
Abin sha mafi mashahuri shine shayi na mint na Morocco, wanda ake kira atay. A al'ada, yin shayi mai kyau a Maroko ana ɗaukarsa nau'in fasaha kuma shan shi tare da abokai da iyali sau da yawa al'adar yau da kullun ce. Hanyar zuba ruwa tana da mahimmanci kamar ingancin shayi da kansa. Ginin shayi na Maroko yana da tsawo, gogewa mai laushi kuma wannan yana ba da damar zuba shayi daidai a cikin ƙananan tabarau daga tsawo. Don mafi kyawun dandano, ana cika tabarau a matakai biyu. Marokowa suna son shayi tare da kumfa, don haka yayin da suke zuba suna riƙe da tukunyar shayi sama da tabarau. A ƙarshe, shayi yana tare da sukari mai wuya ko kumfa.[1] Maroko tana da yalwar orange da tangerines, don haka ruwan orange yana da sauƙin samu kuma yana da arha.

== Abincin cin abinci da sauri ==
Sayar da abinci mai sauri a kan titi ya daɗe yana da al'ada, kuma misali mafi kyau shine filin Djemaa el Fna a [[Marrakesh|Marrakech]]. ''Ma'quda'' mai cin nama ne wanda ya shahara tsakanin dalibai da mutanen da ba su da wadata, musamman a [[Fas|Fes]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-11-07 |title=فيديو..&quot;المعقودة&quot;..تعرف على قصة أشهر أكلة فاسية شعبية.. أكلة &quot; الطلبة وأولاد الشعب&quot; |url=https://www.febrayer.com/679681.html |access-date=2021-11-09 |website=فبراير.كوم {{!}} موقع مغربي إخباري شامل يتجدد على مدار الساعة |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Farawa a cikin shekarun 1980s, sabbin gidajen cin abinci, da farko a arewa, sun fara ba da bocadillos (kalma ta [[Yaren Sifen|Mutanen Espanya]] don sandwich).

Kasuwancin Kayan madara da ake kira ''Mhlaba'' ({{Lang|ar|محْلَبة}}), sun zama ruwan dare a duk faɗin ƙasar. Wadannan shagunan madara gabaɗaya suna ba da kowane nau'in kayan madara, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, smoothies, da kayan gida kamar su bocadillos, ''[[M'semen|Msemmen]]'' da ''harcha''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dairy Development in Morocco |url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al746e/al746e00.pdf |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization}}&lt;/ref&gt;

''Khanz u-bnīn'' ({{Lang|ar|خانز وبنين}} &quot;mai ƙanshi da mai daɗi&quot;) sandwich ne mai arha kuma sananne.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-02-10 |title=ربورتاج … عشـاق &quot;خانـز وبنيـن&quot; - جريدة الصباح |url=https://assabah.ma/287880.html |access-date=2021-03-15 |website=assabah.ma |language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani shahararren abinci na titi a Maroko &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Vacation in Morocco |url=https://www.moroccan.vacations/ |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Moroccan Vacation |archive-date=23 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723161135/https://moroccan.vacations/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; shine kwari, ana ba da su a cikin ruwan su a cikin ƙananan kwanon rufi, kuma ana cinye su ta amfani da takalmin hakora. 

A ƙarshen shekarun 1990s, yawancin kamfanonin abinci masu sauri sun buɗe gidajen cin abinci a manyan birane.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fast Food in Morocco |url=http://www.euromonitor.com/fast-food-in-morocco/report |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Euromonitor International}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Abinci ==
Daga cikin wadanda suka kawo abincin Maroko ga masu sauraro da yawa sune mai dafa abinci na TV Choumicha da Al-Amīn al-Hajj Mustafa an-Nakīr, mai dafa abinci ga tsohon sarki na Maroko Hassan II.

== Dubi kuma ==
  

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category: Abincin Kasashe]]
[[Category: Abinci]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>lzkvzrb9qlf9jto8c3xk8tlqepwyb0m</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Tariq Majid</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Abdulrahman tahir shika</username>
        <id>24962</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nayi gyara</comment>
      <origin>838738</origin>
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      <text bytes="2011" sha1="fpb39we3xdbfaewmra844u39fjjx9tf" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Tariq Majid''' an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1950) babban janar ne wadda yayi ritaya  mai [[Military star ranking|star]] hudu a cikin Sojojin kasar [[Pakistan]] wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban 13 na Kwamitin Haɗin gwiwar Shugabannin Ma'aikata daga shekara ta alif dubu biyu da a shirin da bakwai 2007 zuwa shekara ta alif dubu biyu da goma 2010, babban kuma babban mai ba da shawara a soja a cikin Sojan kasar Pakistan. 

Kafin wannan ci gaba, shi ne kwamandan aiki nav Corps, wanda aka ajiye a Rawalpindi. Sauran ayyukansa na kwamandan ma'aikata sun hada da Babban Janar (CGS) a shekara ta alif dubu biyu da da ukku 2003 zuwa shekara ta alif dubu biyu da shidda 2006 da kuma Darakta Janar na Lantarki na Sojoji (DGMI) a shekara ta alif dubu biyu 2000 zuwa shekara ta alif dubu biyu da ukku 2003, duk manyan ma'aikatan Sojojin kasar Pakistan. Wani babban jami'in mai suna janar Khalid Shameem Wynne ne ya gaje shi a man matsayin shugaban hadin gwiwa.

== Tarihin rayuwa ==

=== Tarihin Sa ===
An haifi Tariq Majid a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 1950 a [[Lahore]], [[Pakistan]])&quot; .Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Gwamnatin Islamia, Civil Lines, Lahore da Kwalejin Jiha, Lahore . Tariq Majid ya shiga Kwalejin Sojan kasar Pakistan a Kakul, a shekarar 1967.  Ya kammala karatu tare da Digiri na farko daga PMA a shekara ta 1971 kuma ya ba da izini a cikin kasar Sojojin Pakistan a matsayin Lieutenant na 2 a cikin 28th Light anti-tank weapon Battalion na Baloch Regiment na Sojojin kasar Pakistán a watan Afrilun shekara ta 1971. Bayan ya shiga cikin Yaƙin a shekara ta 1971, Majid ya ci gaba da samun masanin kimiyya a yakin hadin gwiwa daga Kwalejin Kwamandan da Ma'aikata a [[Quetta]] a shekarar ta 1982.
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1950]]
&lt;ref&gt;  General Majid Retires! Archived 2010-10-10 at the Wayback Machine &lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;  Iftikhar A. Khan (October 3, 2007). &quot;Kiani named for top army slot&quot;. Dawn News archives. Retrieved 3 December 2012. &lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <title>Tattaunawar user:Kanarifuggel</title>
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        <username>Mfield</username>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Mfield moved page [[Tattaunawar user:Ledaaaaa]] to [[Tattaunawar user:Kanarifuggel]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Ledaaaaa|Ledaaaaa]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Kanarifuggel|Kanarifuggel]]&quot;</comment>
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Ledaaaaa! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Ledaaaaa|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 25 Mayu 2025 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abdelhafidh Yaha</title>
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        <id>13371</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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'''Abdelhafidh Yaha''' ya kasance ɗan gwagwarmayar juyin juya hali kuma jagoran 'yan tawaye na jam'iyyar 'yantar da ƙasa wanda ya yi gwagwarmayar samun 'yancin kai [[Aljeriya|na Aljeriya]] tare da mamayar Faransa.&lt;ref&gt;M. Benhaddadi, Si L’Hafidh Haha: hymne à un héros au cœur des maquis kabyles, 5 février 2016, [http://www.berberes.com/rubriques/contributions/5844-si-l-hafidh-haha-hymne-a-un-heros-au-coeur-des-maquis-kabyles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123125405/http://www.berberes.com/rubriques/contributions/5844-si-l-hafidh-haha-hymne-a-un-heros-au-coeur-des-maquis-kabyles |date=2025-01-23 }}, الفقيد المجاهد ياحة عبد الحفيظ يوارى الثرى بمسقط رأسه,25/01/2016, [http://www.radioalgerie.dz/news/ar/article/20160125/65513.html], Abdelhafidh Yaha, dit Si hafidh, est décédé ce matin parmi les siens à Paris à l'âge de 83 ans.[http://www.lematindz.net/news/22181-yaha-abdelhafidh-retour-sur-linfatigable-militant-des-causes-justes.html][http://www.lematindz.net/news/17995-ffs-contre-dictature-yaha-abdelhafidh-livre-ses-memoires-aux-algeriens.html][http://www.lematindz.net/keywords/yaha-abdelhafidh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250530171449/https://www.lematindz.net/keywords/yaha-abdelhafidh |date=2025-05-30 }}, En quelques jours une grenade, dont seul, le détonateur explose, est lancée dans un restaurant européen. Puis, Monsieur Bighetti de Flogny, adjoint de L'Administrateur Civil, est attaqué et blessé, dans les rues mêmes du village alors qu'il [https://www.liberte-algerie.com/actualite/si-lhafidh-la-kabylie-enterre-encore-un-de-ses-heros-241130] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617015453/https://www.liberte-algerie.com/actualite/si-lhafidh-la-kabylie-enterre-encore-un-de-ses-heros-241130 |date=2018-06-17 }}[https://issuu.com/22bca/docs/chasseurs_en_kabylie_1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123142543/https://issuu.com/22bca/docs/chasseurs_en_kabylie_1 |date=2025-01-23 }}[http://www.lexpressiondz.com/actualite/253237-escale-chez-si-lhafidh-yaha.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180520124150/http://www.lexpressiondz.com/actualite/253237-escale-chez-si-lhafidh-yaha.html |date=2018-05-20 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 1954 ya shiga cikin Front de Liberation nationale tare da 'yantar da ɗan'uwansa.&lt;ref&gt;M. Benhaddadi, Si L’Hafidh Haha: hymne à un héros au cœur des maquis kabyles, 5 février 2016, [http://www.berberes.com/rubriques/contributions/5844-si-l-hafidh-haha-hymne-a-un-heros-au-coeur-des-maquis-kabyles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123125405/http://www.berberes.com/rubriques/contributions/5844-si-l-hafidh-haha-hymne-a-un-heros-au-coeur-des-maquis-kabyles |date=2025-01-23 }}, الفقيد المجاهد ياحة عبد الحفيظ يوارى الثرى بمسقط رأسه,25/01/2016, [http://www.radioalgerie.dz/news/ar/article/20160125/65513.html], Abdelhafidh Yaha, dit Si hafidh, est décédé ce matin parmi les siens à Paris à l'âge de 83 ans.[http://www.lematindz.net/news/22181-yaha-abdelhafidh-retour-sur-linfatigable-militant-des-causes-justes.html][http://www.lematindz.net/news/17995-ffs-contre-dictature-yaha-abdelhafidh-livre-ses-memoires-aux-algeriens.html][http://www.lematindz.net/keywords/yaha-abdelhafidh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250530171449/https://www.lematindz.net/keywords/yaha-abdelhafidh |date=2025-05-30 }}, En quelques jours une grenade, dont seul, le détonateur explose, est lancée dans un restaurant européen. Puis, Monsieur Bighetti de Flogny, adjoint de L'Administrateur Civil, est attaqué et blessé, dans les rues mêmes du village alors qu'il [https://www.liberte-algerie.com/actualite/si-lhafidh-la-kabylie-enterre-encore-un-de-ses-heros-241130]{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}[https://issuu.com/22bca/docs/chasseurs_en_kabylie_1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123142543/https://issuu.com/22bca/docs/chasseurs_en_kabylie_1 |date=2025-01-23 }}[http://www.lexpressiondz.com/actualite/253237-escale-chez-si-lhafidh-yaha.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180520124150/http://www.lexpressiondz.com/actualite/253237-escale-chez-si-lhafidh-yaha.html |date=2018-05-20 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin watan Afrilun 1956 ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na FLN shine kwanton ɓauna na Thappurth Thamoqrate (Great Gate), wanda ya raunata ma'aikacin Michelet, Émile Baume da abokin aikinsa Marc Bighetti de Flogny, yayin da garin ya cika da sojoji na {{Interlanguage link|22nd Alpine Chasseurs Battalion|fr|22e bataillon de chasseurs alpins}}, Si Lhafidh yayi nasarar tserewa. A cikin kwanakin da suka biyo baya, zaluncin ya ninka zalunci: kamawa, azabtarwa da hallakawa.&lt;ref&gt;M. Benhaddadi, Si L’Hafidh Haha: hymne à un héros au cœur des maquis kabyles, 5 février 2016, [http://www.berberes.com/rubriques/contributions/5844-si-l-hafidh-haha-hymne-a-un-heros-au-coeur-des-maquis-kabyles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123125405/http://www.berberes.com/rubriques/contributions/5844-si-l-hafidh-haha-hymne-a-un-heros-au-coeur-des-maquis-kabyles |date=2025-01-23 }}, الفقيد المجاهد ياحة عبد الحفيظ يوارى الثرى بمسقط رأسه,25/01/2016, [http://www.radioalgerie.dz/news/ar/article/20160125/65513.html], Abdelhafidh Yaha, dit Si hafidh, est décédé ce matin parmi les siens à Paris à l'âge de 83 ans.[http://www.lematindz.net/news/22181-yaha-abdelhafidh-retour-sur-linfatigable-militant-des-causes-justes.html][http://www.lematindz.net/news/17995-ffs-contre-dictature-yaha-abdelhafidh-livre-ses-memoires-aux-algeriens.html][http://www.lematindz.net/keywords/yaha-abdelhafidh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250530171449/https://www.lematindz.net/keywords/yaha-abdelhafidh |date=2025-05-30 }}, En quelques jours une grenade, dont seul, le détonateur explose, est lancée dans un restaurant européen. Puis, Monsieur Bighetti de Flogny, adjoint de L'Administrateur Civil, est attaqué et blessé, dans les rues mêmes du village alors qu'il [https://www.liberte-algerie.com/actualite/si-lhafidh-la-kabylie-enterre-encore-un-de-ses-heros-241130] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617015453/https://www.liberte-algerie.com/actualite/si-lhafidh-la-kabylie-enterre-encore-un-de-ses-heros-241130 |date=2018-06-17 }}[https://issuu.com/22bca/docs/chasseurs_en_kabylie_1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123142543/https://issuu.com/22bca/docs/chasseurs_en_kabylie_1 |date=2025-01-23 }}[http://www.lexpressiondz.com/actualite/253237-escale-chez-si-lhafidh-yaha.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180520124150/http://www.lexpressiondz.com/actualite/253237-escale-chez-si-lhafidh-yaha.html |date=2018-05-20 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2016]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zoulikha Oudai</title>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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[[Fayil:يمينة الشايب.jpg|thumb|Zoulikha Oudai]]
'''Zoulikha Oudai''' wata 'yar ƙasar Chenouas ce kuma 'yar ƙasar Algeria da ta mutu a lokacin [[Yaƙin Aljeriya|yakin 'yancin kai na Aljeriya]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lalla Zoulikha Oudaï, la mère des résistants, d'après Kamal Bouchama |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lnr/260195 |website=Djazairess |access-date=2025-05-30 |archive-date=2025-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250530193647/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lnr/260195 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Femmes algériennes sans visages !: Toute l'actualité sur liberte-algerie.com |url=https://www.liberte-algerie.com/chronique/femmes-algeriennes-sans-visages-402 |website=www.liberte-algerie.com/ |access-date=2025-05-30 |archive-date=2021-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525084304/https://www.liberte-algerie.com/chronique/femmes-algeriennes-sans-visages-402 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; An haife ta a ranar 7 ga Mayu 1911 a Hadjout, kuma ta girma a Cherchell. Ta haifi 'ya'ya biyar; Bayan da sojojin Faransa suka kashe mijinta da ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yanta, ta kasance mai himma ga neman 'yancin kai kuma ta shiga cikin National Liberation Front (Algeria) a matsayin shugabar yankin Cherchell. Daga nan sai ta shiga ƙarƙashin ƙasa ta zama fitacciyar jami’ar leken asiri a banygaren Front.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/discover/algeria-women-militants-independence-activists|title=From militants to student activists: The women who fought for Algeria|website=www.middleeasteye.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Assia Djebar , The Woman Without Burial , A. Michel, 2002&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://nena-news.it/dalle-militanti-alle-studentesse-attiviste-le-donne-che-hanno-combattuto-per-lalgeria/|title=Dalle militanti alle studentesse attiviste: le donne che hanno combattuto per l'Algeria|date=July 13, 2020}}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sojojin Faransa sun kama ta a shekara ta 1957 kuma aka kashe ta bayan kwanaki 10 na azabtarwa ba tare da amfani ba. Jikinta bai sake dawowa ba sai a shekarar 1984; Yanzu haka tana cikin makabartar shahidai da ke Menaceur. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=From militants to student activists: The women who fought for Algeria |url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/discover/algeria-women-militants-independence-activists |website=www.middleeasteye.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 13, 2020 |title=Dalle militanti alle studentesse attiviste: le donne che hanno combattuto per l'Algeria |url=https://nena-news.it/dalle-militanti-alle-studentesse-attiviste-le-donne-che-hanno-combattuto-per-lalgeria/ }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1957]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1911]]</text>
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Filin ruwa yana kawar da rashin dai-daituwa ta rage cire ruwa ta amfani da shinge na zahiri, tsari na sinadarai, ko tsarin nazarin halittu. Mace Tsaftace ruwa zuwa ga halaye daban-daban, don dalilai kamar: bayar da ban ruwa na noma, wanda zai iya samun ruwan sha, aquarium na jama'a, da kuma wuraren shakatawa.

== Hanyoyin da ake tacewa ==
Babban labarin: Tace

Filters suna amfani da sieving, adsorption, musayar ion, biofilms da sauran matakai don cire abubuwan da ba a so daga ruwa. Ba kamar sieve ko allo ba, tacewa na iya yuwuwar cire ɓangarorin da suka yi ƙasa da ramukan da ruwansa ke wucewa, kamar su nitrates ko ƙwayoyin cuta kamar Cryptosporidium.&lt;ref&gt;Choosing Home Water Filters &amp; Other Water Treatment Systems | Drinking Water | Healthy Water&quot;. ''Centers for Disease Control and Prevention''. 2021-02-08. Archived from the original on 2022-11-12. Retrieved 2022-11-12&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga cikin hanyoyin tacewa, fitattun misalan sun hada da najasa, da ake amfani da su wajen raba daskararru da daskarewa daga ruwa&lt;ref&gt;Mays, Larry W. (2013-05-01). &quot;A brief history of water filtration/sedimentation&quot;. ''Water Supply''. '''13''' (3): 735–742. doi:10.2166/ws.2013.102. ISSN 1606-9749. Archived from the original on 2022-11-12. Retrieved 2022-11-12.&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma kunna garwashin magani, inda a galibi ana zuba tafasasshen ruwa ta wani yadi don kama ragowar da ba a so. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da injina don yin aiki a kan cire gishiri da tsarkake ruwa ta hanyar jujjuya shi zuwa tankunan ruwa masu yawa. Wannan dabarar tana da nufin tace ruwa akan ma'auni mafi girma, kamar hidimar dukan biranen&lt;ref&gt;Mays, Larry W. (2013-05-01). &quot;A brief history of water filtration/sedimentation&quot;. ''Water Supply''. '''13''' (3): 735–742. doi:10.2166/ws.2013.102. ISSN 1606-9749. Archived from the original on 2022-11-12. Retrieved 2022-11-12.&lt;/ref&gt;

Waɗannan hanyoyi guda uku sun fi dacewa, saboda sun samo asali ne daga ƙarni kuma sune tushen yawancin hanyoyin tacewa na zamani da ake amfani da su a yau.

== Rabe rabe ==
Nau'o'in tace ruwa na birni da sauran manyan tsarin kulawa sun haɗa da matatun watsa labarai, masu tace allo, matattarar diski, jinkirin gadaje tace yashi, saurin saurin yashi, matattarar zane, da matatun halittu kamar masu goge algae.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Ƙyamar Afirka</title>
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'''Rashin jin daɗin Afirka''', Afroscepticism, ko Afrophobia nuna bambanci ne, ƙiyayya, nuna bambanci, ko [[wariyar launin fata]] ga mutane da [[al'adun Afirka]] da na Afirka.

Nuna bambanci ga 'yan Afirka da mutanen da suka fito daga Afirka yana da dogon tarihi, wanda ya samo asali ne daga Tarihin d ̄ a, kodayake ya kasance sananne ne musamman a lokacin [[Kasuwancin bayi na Atlantika|Cinikin bayi na Atlantic]], cinikin bayi ta Sahara, [[Cinikin bayi na Tekun Indiya]], cinikin bautar Bahar Maliya, da kuma Lokacin mulkin mallaka. A karkashin ikirarin fararen fata, 'yan Turai galibi suna nuna 'yan Afirka a matsayin marasa wayewa da na asali, tare da cin nasarar mulkin mallaka da ke nuna manufofin wayewa. Saboda amfani da al'adun baki, da kuma rashin tarihin rubuce-rubuce a yawancin al'adun Afirka, an nuna mutanen Afirka ba su da tarihi kwata-kwata, duk da cewa suna da [[Tarihin Afirka|dogon lokaci, rikitarwa, da kuma tarihin daban-daban]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Cooper |first=Frederick |date=2000 |title=Africa's Pasts and Africa's Historians |journal=Canadian Journal of African Studies |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=298–336 |doi=10.2307/486417 |jstor=486417}}&lt;/ref&gt; A Amurka, Afrophobia ya rinjayi [[Dokokin Jim Crow]] da gidaje masu rarrabewa, makarantu, da wuraren jama'a. A Afirka ta Kudu, ya ɗauki nau'in wariyar launin fata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ochonu |first=Moses E. |date=2020-12-31 |title=South African Afrophobia in local and continental contexts |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-modern-african-studies/article/south-african-afrophobia-in-local-and-continental-contexts/41B09403C62C7C16B11DC03F24B1B76F |journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies |language=en |volume=58 |issue=4 |pages=499–519 |doi=10.1017/S0022278X20000543 |issn=0022-278X |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an sami karuwar maganganun ƙiyayya da tashin hankali na Afrophobic a Turai da Amurka. An danganta wannan ga dalilai da yawa, gami da ci gaban Afirka a cikin waɗannan yankuna, karuwar 'yan gudun hijira da baƙi daga Afirka, da kuma hauhawar jam'iyyun siyasa masu tsattsauran ra'ayi da masu tsattstsauran ra-tsattsauranuran ra'ayyaki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|journal=Jennifer|url-status=Taylor}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-08-16 |title=US racism on the rise, UN experts warn in wake of Charlottesville violence |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2017/08/us-racism-rise-un-experts-warn-wake-charlottesville-violence |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=UN Human Rights Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2017, kungiyar kwararru ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Mutanen da suka fito daga Afirka (WGEPAD) ta gaya wa Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam cewa halin da ake ciki na 'yan Afirka da mutanen da suka fito da Afirka ya kasance damuwa ce ta gaggawa, suna ambaton tashin hankali na wariyar launin fata, zalunci da kisan kai na 'yan sanda, da wariyar launin fatar launin fata. A farkon wannan shekarar, WGEPAD ta ba da shawarar amfani da kalmar Afrophobia don bayyana &quot;wani nau'i na musamman da takamaiman bambancin launin fata wanda ke shafar mutanen da suka fito daga Afirka da Afirka&quot;.

== Kalmomin ==
''Rashin jin daɗin [[Afirka]]'' shine nuna bambanci ko nuna bambanci ga kowane al'ada da al'ummomi daban-daban na Afirka saboda tunanin su na Afirka. Ya bambanta da, amma yana iya haɗuwa da, Anti-Black wariyar launin fata ko Negrophobia, wanda shine raini musamman ga baƙar fata na zuriyar Afirka ta kudu da Sahara, ban da sauran 'yan Afirka kamar fararen Afirka ko' [[Arewacin Afirka|'Yan Arewacin Afirka]]. Ana iya amfani da kalmar Afrophobia don bayyana wariyar launin fata da kuma ra'ayi na Afirka a ko'ina.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Tsoron Afirka ===

=== Rashin amincewa da Afirka ===
''Rashin jin daɗin Afirka'' da Afroscepticism suna da kwatankwacin anti-Europeanism da Euroscepticism. Afroscepticism an sanya shi a matsayin adawa da ''Afirka'' (ra'ayin [[Al'adun Afirka]]), Afirka, ko Afrocentrism, sau da yawa ana ganinsa a matsayin bangarorin [[Pan-Africanism]]. Afroscepticism na iya haɗawa da rungumar Afropessimism, da ƙin al'adun gargajiya na Afirka ko &quot;Tsarin Ilimi na 'yan asalin Afirka&quot;.    Ra'ayin Afropessimist yana ganin Afirka dangane da &quot;matsananciyar halaye da cutar kanjamau, yaƙi, talauci da cututtuka suka bayyana&quot;, kuma ta haka ne ba za a iya taimakawa ba.

=== Rashin wariyar launin fata ===
Kalmar ''wariyar launin fata'' ba a tabbatar da ita ba kafin karni na 20, &lt;ref name=&quot;racism&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Definition of RACISM |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/racism |access-date=2024-07-20 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; amma negrophobia (an fara rubuta tsakanin 1810-1820; sau da yawa ana amfani da shi), kuma daga baya ''Colourphobia'' (wanda aka fara rubuta shi a 1834), &lt;ref name=&quot;colourphobia&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Definition of COLORPHOBIA |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/colorphobia |access-date=2024-07-20 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  mai yiwuwa ya samo asali ne a cikin [[Kau da Bautan Bayi|ƙungiyar abolitionist]], inda aka yi amfani da shi azaman kwatanci ga [[rabies]] (wanda ake kira hydrophobia) don bayyana tunanin &quot;mad dog&quot; a bayan dalilin bautar da kuma yanayin da ke yaduwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;webdictionary&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dictionary.com {{!}} Meanings &amp; Definitions of English Words |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/negrophobia |access-date=2024-07-20 |website=Dictionary.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Garcia |first=J. L .A. |title=Racism and the Discourse of Phobias: Negrophobia, Xenophobia and More---Dialogue with Kim and Sundstrom |url=https://soar.suny.edu/handle/20.500.12648/7164 |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=SUNY Open Access Repository |page=2 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; J. L. A. Garcia yana nufin negrophobia a matsayin &quot;kakan&quot; na kalmomi kamar xenophobia, Islamophobia da homophobia.&lt;ref name=&quot;:022&quot; /&gt; An yi amfani da Melanophobia don komawa ga wariyar launi fata  da kuma launi (rashin nuna bambanci ga mutanen da ke da fata mai duhu), musamman a Latin Amurka, Gabas ta Tsakiya, da Afirka.

== Ta wurin ==
An lura da cewa rubuce-rubuce da kalmomi game da wariyar launin fata, gami da game da Afrophobia, sun dangana a kan Amurka.  A cikin 2016, an yi amfani da &quot;Afrophobia&quot; a matsayin kalmar wariyar launin fata ga masu launin fata a China.  A cikin irin wannan amfani, wannan ba daidai ba ne saboda wariyar launin fata ana yin ta ne akan mutane masu launin fata daga ko'ina, ba tare da la'akari da wata alaƙa da Afirka ba.  Sabanin haka, ra'ayoyin kasar Sin don fata mai haske fiye da matsakaici ya fi dacewa, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin talla.

==Tarihin mulkin mallaka==

Yawancin al'ummomin Afirka suna amfani da al'adar baka wajen adana tarihinsu, wanda hakan ya sa aka samu ƙarancin tarihi da aka rubuta. Tarihin mulkin mallaka ya fi maida hankali kan nasarorin sojoji, jami'an mulkin mallaka da wasu fitattun mutane na mulkin mallaka, ta amfani da bayanai kaɗan da kuma rubuce-rubucen da aka yi daga mahangar Turawa kacokan, suna watsi da ra'ayin mutanen da aka mallake, karkashin hujjar fifikon fararen fata.

An ɗauki Afirkawa a matsayin ƙasa da Fararen fata a al'ada, wanda hakan ya ƙarfafa hujjar &quot;aikin wayar da kan jahilai&quot;. Masana tarihi da dama sun yi watsi da hanyoyin baka, suna ɗaukarsu a matsayin marasa muhimmanci, lamarin da ya sa aka ɗauka kamar Afirka ba ta da tarihi kuma ba ta da sha’awar ƙirƙirar shi.

Wasu daga cikin masu mulkin mallaka sun nuna sha’awa ga ra’ayi na daban, inda suka yi ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar cikakken tarihin Afirka ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin baka da binciken ƙasa, amma ba su samu yabo ko kulawa a wancan lokacin ba.
&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Roberts |first=A.D. |date=1978 |title=The Earlier Historiography of Colonial Africa |journal=History in Africa |language=en |volume=5 |pages=153–167 |doi=10.2307/3171484 |issn=0361-5413 |jstor=3171484 |s2cid=162869454}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |author=Fanon, Frantz |title=The wretched of the earth |date=December 2007 |others=Philcox, Richard; Sartre, Jean-Paul; Bhabha, Homi K. |isbn=9780802198853 |location=New York |oclc=1085905753}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Cooper |first=Frederick |date=2000 |title=Africa's Pasts and Africa's Historians |journal=Canadian Journal of African Studies |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=298–336 |doi=10.2307/486417 |jstor=486417}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Suremain |first=Marie-Albane de SuremainMarie-Albane de |title=Colonial History and Historiography |date=2019-04-18 |encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Historiography: Methods and Sources |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780190698706.001.0001/acref-9780190698706-e-303 |access-date=2024-12-28 |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/acref/9780190698706.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-069870-6|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Gwaggwarmaya==

Don shawo kan abin da ake ganin &quot;tsoron Afirka&quot; ne, marubuci Langston Hughes ya ba da shawarar cewa Turawan Amurka su samu nutsuwa a zukatansu tare da fahimtar irin yadda Baƙin Fata ke bayyana ji ba tare da ƙuntatawa ba.{{cn|date=January 2024}} Marubuci James Baldwin shi ma ya ba da shawara iri ɗaya, yana cewa Fararen Fata na Amurka za su iya kawar da &quot;tsoron Afirka&quot; da ke zuciyarsu ta hanyar tuntuɓar waɗanda suka ɓoye ji, su nuna tausayi da jin daɗin wasu, kuma ta haka su fuskanci rayuwarsu da ba su cika da motsin rai ba, su daina ƙyamar ko tsoron Baƙin Fata. &lt;ref name=&quot;Washington&quot;&gt;{{cite book|date=2001|title=The Ideologies of African American Literature|author =Washington, Robert E.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PP6DSxXSFhsC|page=272|publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield|isbn=9780742509504}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An kafa Kungiyar Turai da ke Yaki da Bambanci (European Network Against Racism – ENAR) a shekara ta 1998 daga kusan kungiyoyi 150 daga sassa daban-daban na Tarayyar Turai, da nufin yaki da wariyar launin fata, ƙiyayyar baƙi, da ƙin Yahudawa — waɗanda su ne manyan fannoni na yaƙin neman adalci a lokacin. Sai dai ba a ambaci kalmar &quot;tsoron Afirka&quot; a matsayin babban jigo ba sai a shekarar 2011, sakamakon matsin lamba daga masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin Baƙi. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

A shekarar 2016, Tess Asplund ta yi wata zanga-zangar da ta yadu a kafafen sada zumunta domin nuna adawa da Neo-Nazism a matsayin wani ɓangare na gwagwarmayarta da tsoron Afirka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/04/woman-defied-neo-nazis-sweden-tess-asplund-viral-photograph|title=Matar da ta kalubalanci 'yan Neo-Nazi 300 a taron gangamin kasar Sweden ta bayyana fushinta|last=Crouch|first=David|date=2016-05-04|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2016-12-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==A fannin ilimi==

Wasu ra’ayoyin ƙiyayya da Afirka (Afrophobia) na danganta da tunanin cewa ‘yan Afirka ba su da wayewa. Wannan ra’ayi yana kunshe da akidar cewa Afirka ba ta da tarihi na wayewa, tare da amfani da hotuna da ke yada ra’ayoyi marasa tushe cewa har yanzu 'yan Afirka na rayuwa a cikin rumfunan laka suna ɗauke da mākaman farauta — tare da wasu ra’ayoyi da ke nuna su a matsayin marasa ci gaba. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Mays |first1=Vickie M. |title=The Black American and psychotherapy: The dilemma. |journal=Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training |date=1985 |volume=22 |issue=2S |pages=379–388 |doi=10.1037/h0085518}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first1=Ngonidzashe |last1=Marongwe |first2=Munyaradzi |last2=Mawere |chapter=Violence, Identity and Politics of Belonging: The April 2015 Afrophobic Attacks in South Africa and the Emergence of Some Discourses |pages=89–116 |chapter-url=https://muse.jhu.edu/chapter/1878812 |editor1-last=Munyaradzi |editor1-first=Mawere |editor2-last=Ngonidzashe |editor2-first=Marongwe |title=Violence, Politics and Conflict Management in Africa: Envisioning Transformation, Peace and Unity in the Twenty-First Century |date=2016 |publisher=Langaa RPCIG |isbn=978-9956-763-54-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Afrophobia a cikin fannin ilimi na iya bayyana ta hanyar barin wasu muhimman abubuwa da suka shafi Afirka, kamar rashin fassara ko bayanin fasahohin zane-zane na Afirka, watsi da tsofaffin daulolin Afirka a cikin taswirar duniya, ko kuma yada ra’ayoyin Turawa ta hanyar watsi da gudummawar da Afirka ta bayar ga wayewar duniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Skinner |first1=Ryan Thomas |title=Walking, talking, remembering: an Afro-Swedish critique of being-in-the-world |journal=African and Black Diaspora |date=24 April 2018 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=1–19 |doi=10.1080/17528631.2018.1467747 |s2cid=149746823 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Ƴancin Ɗan Adam a Laberiya</title>
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'''Hakkokin dan Adam a Laberiya''' ya zama abin daukar hankali a duniya lokacin da aka nada shugabar kasar, [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]], daya daga cikin mata uku da suka samu lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Nobel a shekara ta 2011, wadanda dukkansu an ba da misali da su &quot;saboda gwagwarmayar da suke yi na kare lafiyar mata da kuma hakkin mata na samun cikakkiyar damar shiga aikin samar da zaman lafiya&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2011/johnson_sirleaf.html |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=Nobel Prize Website}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Amma duk da haka, kamar yadda Guardian ta bayyana a watan Oktoban 2012, &quot;ba a yi maraba da lambar yabo ga shugaba Sirleaf baki daya ba a kasarta&quot;, kuma shekara guda bayan sanar da kyautar, daya daga cikin wadanda suka yi nasara a gasar Sirleaf, Leymah Gbowee, 'yar gwagwarmayar Laberiya, ta bayyana ra'ayoyin da dama daga cikin masu sukar Sirleaf, da zargin shugaban kasa da nuna rashin amincewa da gwamnatin Sirleaf, da kuma wasu manyan mukamai na gwamnatin Sirleaf, da dai sauransu. 'ya'ya uku.  A watan Nuwamban 2012, wata lauya mai rajin kare hakkin dan Adam ta Laberiya, Tiawan Saye Gongloe, ita ma ta soki yadda Sirleaf ke nuna son kai tare da yin kira gare ta da ta yi murabus. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Liberia: Prominent human rights lawyer calls for Ellen's resignation |url=http://www.afrika.no/Detailed/22810.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528015907/http://www.afrika.no/Detailed/22810.html |archive-date=May 28, 2013 |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=The Norwegian Council for Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dukkanin son zuciya da cin hanci da rashawa sun yadu a Laberiya. Daga cikin sauran manyan matsalolin da suka shafi kare hakkin bil adama a kasar sun hada da kashe-kashen al'ada, cin zarafin 'yan sanda, abubuwan da ake kira &quot;gwaji ta hanyar gwaji&quot;, [[Kamu da tsarewa ba bisa ka'ida ba|kame ba bisa ka'ida ba]], rashin bin doka, cin zarafin mata, cin zarafin gida, kaciya, cin zarafin yara, safarar mutane, da kuma aikin yara. Tun bayan kawo karshen yakin basasa a shekara ta 2003, duk da haka, an samu gagarumin aiki daga kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da dama da nufin tabbatar da dimokuradiyya mai inganci a kasar Laberiya bisa hakkin dan Adam. 

Laberiya ta kasance mai rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kan 'yancin jama'a da siyasa, yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kan 'yancin tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da al'adu, yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kan kawar da duk wani nau'i na wariyar launin fata, Yarjejeniyar kawar da duk wani nau'i na nuna wariya ga mata, yarjejeniyar yaki da azabtarwa da sauran zalunci, rashin dan Adam ko wulakanta magani ko hukuncin da aka yi wa yara. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Action for Community and Human Development Inc. |url=http://www.ned.org/node/169 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130312142702/http://www.ned.org/node/169 |archive-date=March 12, 2013 |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=National Endowment for Democracy}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yakin Basasa Bayan Yakin Basasa ==
Yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta 2003 wadda ta kawo karshen yakin basasa ta bukaci gwamnatin Laberiya ta kafa wata hukumar kare hakkin dan Adam ta kasa mai zaman kanta. Duk da cewa an zartar da dokar kafa irin wannan hukumar a hukumance a shekara ta 2008, an dage kafa hukumar na tsawon shekaru da dama. Amnesty International ta lura a cikin 2013 cewa Laberiya na matukar bukatar irin wannan kwamiti, kuma ta yi kira ga gwamnati da ta sanya kafa irin wannan hukumar a gaba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Liberia Human Rights |url=http://www.amnestyusa.org/our-work/countries/africa/liberia |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=Amnesty International}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Satumba na 2009 an kafa hukumar kare hakkin dan Adam ta kasa mai zaman kanta, amma duk da haka zabar mambobinta, a cewar kungiyar Human Rights Watch, an lalata ta da &quot;hanyar tantancewa mara kyau, rashin shigar kungiyoyin fararen hula, da kuma zaben farko na memba dake da kusanci da shugaban kasa, da sauran mambobin da ba su da masaniya game da 'yancin kai na hukumar da kuma game da sadaukarwarta ga Sirle. &lt;ref name=&quot;World Report 2011: Liberia&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=World Report 2011: Liberia |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report-2011/liberia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124060348/http://www.hrw.org/world-report-2011/liberia |archive-date=January 24, 2013 |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Human Rights Watch ta lura cewa a cikin 2010 Laberiya &quot;ba ta sami wani ci gaba ba wajen tabbatar da hukunta wadanda ke da alhakin aikata laifukan yaki a lokacin yakin basasa&quot; bisa ga rahoton karshe na 2009 na kwamitin gaskiya da sulhu. &lt;ref name=&quot;World Report 2011: Liberia&quot;/&gt; Rahoton da Amnesty ta fitar a shekarar 2012 ya yi korafin cewa har yanzu ba a gurfanar da mutanen da suka aikata manyan laifukan take hakkin bil’adama a lokacin yakin basasa ba, kuma har yanzu ba a yi kunnen uwar shegu da kiran da hukumar gaskiya da sasantawa ta yi na a kafa kotun hukunta masu laifi ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Annual Report |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/region/liberia/report-2012 |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=Amnesty International}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil adama guda biyar sun kafa Coalition for Justice a Laberiya (CJL) a watan Oktoban 2012 &quot;domin bayar da shawarar tabbatar da adalci, samar da wayar da kan jama'a, da fafutukar kafa kotun kasa da kasa don hukunta wadanda suka aikata laifukan yaki a Laberiya&quot;. Har ila yau, tana neman, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, don taimakawa &quot;gina da ƙarfafa cibiyoyin dimokuradiyya na kasa da kuma bin doka a Laberiya wanda zai hada da sa ido, rubutawa da kuma ba da shawarar gudanar da ayyukansu masu tasiri a matsayin cibiyoyin shari'a na jama'a da ke tabbatar da doka da mutunta 'yancin ɗan adam&quot;. CJL ta ce tsarin kasuwancinta na farko zai kasance &quot;suna da kunya&quot; wadanda suka keta hakkin dan adam a lokacin yakin &quot;da kuma tabbatar da cewa Amurka ba mafaka ce a gare su ba ko kuma wurin hutu inda suke balaguro da jin dadin dukiyarsu ta jini ba tare da wani nau'i na lissafi ba&quot;.

Tun bayan kawo karshen yakin basasar Laberiya a shekara ta 2002, dakarun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ne ke kula da harkokin tsaro, kuma suna horar da sojoji da 'yan sanda na Laberiya. Wani shirin da Amurka ta jagoranta na daukar sabbin sojojin Laberiya da horar da su ya kammala aikinsa a watan Disamba na 2009, kodayake sojojin Amurka sun ci gaba da horar da jami'an sojan Laberiya a cikin 2010. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/af/154354.htm |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=US Department of State}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jami’an tsaro, duk da cewa suna kai rahoto ga jami’an farar hula, wani lokacin ma suna yin aikin kansu. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot; /&gt;

== Hakkoki na asali ==
A bisa ka’ida, gwamnati na mutunta ‘yancin fadin albarkacin baki da ‘yan jarida, duk da cewa gwamnati ta kai karar jaridu da sauran jama’a saboda bata-gari. 'Yan jarida sukan buga labarai don biyan kuɗi. Samun Intanet ba shi da ƙuntatawa, kodayake ƙasa da kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari na ƴan ƙasar Laberiya suna kan layi. Cibiyoyin ilimi suna aiki kyauta. Ana mutunta haƙƙin yin taro kyauta, kodayake akwai keɓantacce. 'Yan Liberia suna more 'yancin yin addini. Har ila yau, suna samun ’yancin yin tafiye-tafiye cikin gida da waje, da kuma ’yancin yin ƙaura zuwa ƙasashen waje, amma a lokacin balaguro, wani lokaci ana gudanar da bincike ba bisa ka’ida ba da ‘yan sanda da jami’an shige da fice.

Wariya dangane da kabilanci, jima'i, addini, nakasa, da sauran irin waɗannan halayen haramun ne, amma galibi yana faruwa duk da haka. Wariyar launin fata doka ce, duk da haka. Baƙar fata kawai, alal misali, na iya zama ƴan ƙasar Laberiya ko kuma masu mallakar filaye.

Mutanen Laberiya da ke zaune a wajen Monrovia suna da iyakacin damar samun sabis na gwamnati.

Kashe-kashen ibada, wanda ya hada da cire gawar wanda aka kashen da aka yi amfani da shi wajen ibadar kabilanci, wanda kuma rahotannin ‘yan sanda kan bayyana su a matsayin hadari ko kashe kansa, lamarin da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari. Hakanan ana yawan yin zanga-zangar adawa da waɗannan kashe-kashen, kuma a wasu lokuta kan haifar da rauni da mutuwa &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt;

== Cin hanci da rashawa ==
Cin hanci da rashawa ya zama ruwan dare a kowane mataki na gwamnatin Laberiya. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt; Cin hanci da rashawa, don haka, ba laifi ba ne da za a hukunta shi a ƙarƙashin dokar Laberiya. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot; /&gt;

Akwai Hukumar Yaki da Cin Hanci da Rashawa ta Laberiya da ba ta da kuɗaɗe, wadda aka ƙirƙira a shekarar 2008, wadda ake zaton tana da ikon hukunta laifukan da suka kai ga cin hanci da rashawa. Human Rights Watch ta lura a cikin 2011 cewa ko da yake an sami yawaitar badakalar cin hanci da rashawa a cikin shekarar da ta gabata, sun haifar da &quot;bincike kaɗan da yanke hukunci guda biyu kawai&quot;. Hukumar Yaki da Cin Hanci da Rashawa, HRW ta yi korafin cewa, “rashin isassun kudade [da] ma’aikata ne ke kawo cikas” kuma a zahiri ba ta da “hukunce-hukuncen shari’a da kanta”, kuma kasantuwar Sirleaf ta shawo kan wannan batu ya sa “a tunanin cewa shugaban kasa ba shi da niyyar magance matsalar”. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt;

== Hakkokin mata ==
Mata suna da matsayin doka iri ɗaya da maza. Fyade da tashin hankalin cikin gida ba bisa ka'ida ba ne, amma ya yadu, kuma ba a aiwatar da dokokin da aka yi musu yadda ya kamata. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/af/154354.htm |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=[[US Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fyade da sauran nau'ikan cin zarafi na jima'i sun kasance daga cikin laifukan da aka fi aikatawa akai-akai. Ba a laifin fyaden ma'aurata . &lt;ref name=&quot;Liberia Human Rights&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Liberia Human Rights |url=http://www.amnestyusa.org/our-work/countries/africa/liberia |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=[[Amnesty International]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ci gaban da aka samu na baya-bayan nan a wannan fanni ya hada da kafa kotun shari'ar jinsi da cin zarafin mata, bude wani gidan kariyar da MDD ke tallafawa a Monrovia, don ceto wadanda suka tsira daga cin zarafin mata, da tallafin da MDD ta bayar na shirin aiwatar da ayyukan kasa kan cin zarafin mata, da kuma amincewa da Laberiya na Yarjejeniya ta Afirka kan 'yancin dan Adam da al'umma kan 'yancin mata a Afirka . &lt;ref name=&quot;Liberia Human Rights&quot;/&gt; [[Sa-ido akan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|Human Rights Watch]] ta lura cewa a cikin 2010, rahotannin fyade da kuma martanin 'yan sanda game da wadannan rahotanni sun inganta, amma sun raina kafa kotun cin zarafin jima'i &quot;nakasu a cikin tsarin shari'a da rashin son ba da shaida ya kawo cikas ga kokarin gurfanar da laifuka&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt;

Cin zarafin jima'i ba bisa ka'ida ba ne, kuma yana da yawa. [[Auren mata da yawa|Auren fiye da ɗaya]] ba bisa doka ba ne, amma maza da yawa suna da mata da yawa, daidai da al'adun gida. Ma’aikatar Jin Dadi da Raya Kasa tana da alhakin kare ‘yancin mata. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt;

Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan kawar da nuna wariya ga mata, a cikin wani rahoto na 2009, ya yi kira ga Laberiya &quot;ta kafa ba tare da bata lokaci ba, kuma a matsayin dokar da ta ba da fifiko kan haramta kaciyar mata da kuma tabbatar da cewa an gurfanar da masu laifin tare da hukunta su daidai da tsananin wannan cin zarafi&quot;. Har ila yau, ta yi kira ga Laberiya da &quot;ta gaggauta dakatar da ba da izini ga ma'aikata, kamar yadda ma'aikatar harkokin cikin gida ke yi a halin yanzu&quot;, da aiwatar da kuma karfafa shirye-shiryen da aka tsara don canza dabi'u game da aikin. Kwamitin ya kuma bukaci Laberiya da &quot;ta magance duk wani nau'i na cin zarafin mata&quot;, da ta yi amfani da dukkan hanyoyin da za a iya &quot;don isar da sakon cewa ba za a amince da duk wani nau'i na cin zarafin mata ba, ciki har da cin zarafi a cikin gida&quot;, da kuma tabbatar da cewa tsarin shari'a ya magance irin wannan cin zarafi.

Fataucin mata matsala ce, kuma kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan kawar da wariya ga mata ya yi kira ga kasar Laberiya da ta aiwatar da aiwatar da dokar yaki da fataucin bil adama ta shekara ta 2005 yadda ya kamata, don ba da tallafi ga matan da lamarin ya shafa, da kuma magance tushen matsalar. 

== Hakkokin yara ==
A Laberiya, yaro ya zama ɗan ƙasa idan aƙalla iyaye ɗaya ɗan Laberiya ne ko kuma idan yaron baƙar fata ne kuma aka haife shi a ƙasar. Yaran da ba bakar fata da aka haifa a Laberiya ba su cancanci zama dan kasa ba, manufar da ke nuna matukar damuwa game da hakkokinsu da kariyar su. Ko da yake ilimi kyauta ne a fasaha, iyalai ne ke da alhakin samar da riguna, littattafai, da kayayyaki. Yawancin makarantu kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin &quot;kudade&quot; don biyan kuɗin aiki da albashi, wanda zai iya zama shinge ga iyalai masu karamin karfi.

Cin zarafin yara, gami da cin zarafin jima'i, ya zama ruwan dare, kuma ayyuka irin su kaciyar mata (FGM) sun kasance gama gari kuma na doka. Har ila yau, karuwancin 'yan mata wani lamari ne mai mahimmanci, tare da fataucin yara, tare da kasancewar yara da yawa a kan tituna a cikin birane kamar Monrovia. Bisa kididdigar da aka yi a baya-bayan nan, akwai dubban yara kanana a Laberiya, wadanda yawancinsu marayu ne ko kuma sun fito ne daga yanayin rashin kwanciyar hankali na iyali. Wadannan yaran galibi basu da damar samun kayan masarufi, da suka hada da abinci, wurin kwana, da ilimi.

Gidajen marayu a Laberiya suna aiki da ƙaramin tsari, wanda ke haifar da rashin isassun kayan abinci, rashin yanayin tsafta, da ƙarancin kulawar lafiya. Yawancin gidajen marayu sun dogara da tallafin waje daga kungiyoyi irin su UNICEF don taimakon kuɗi. Ya zuwa shekarar 2023, an yi kiyasin cewa akwai marayu sama da 30,000 a Laberiya, lamarin da ya ta’azzara sakamakon yakin basasa da rikicin lafiya, wato barkewar cutar Ebola.

Dangane da yarjejeniyoyin kasa da kasa, Laberiya ba ta cikin yarjejeniyar Hague ta shekarar 1980 kan al'amuran da suka shafi satar yara na kasa da kasa a shekarar 1980, wanda ke nuna damuwa game da kare hakkin yara a lokuta da ake takaddama a kan tsare yara a duniya.

Asusun Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam na Norwegian &quot;yana goyon bayan wasu tsare-tsare na gida don kare hakkin yara da kuma inganta 'yancin ɗan adam a cikin tsarin makarantar Laberiya&quot;, gami da shirye-shiryen hana cin zarafin jima'i da cin zarafin ɗalibai a makarantu. Ya taimaka wajen kafa kungiyoyin kula da ‘yan wasa da “kwamitocin gyara” wadanda ke ba da rahoton irin wannan cin zarafi da ya kai ga korar malamai da dama. Wani memba na daya daga cikin wadannan kulake na makaranta ya ce ayyukansa &quot;ya taimaka wajen kara mutunta hakkin dalibai a makarantar. Misali, dabi'ar rashin lokaci tsakanin malamai da dalibai ya ragu sosai tun lokacin da aka kafa kungiyar shekaru biyu da suka wuce.&quot; Kokarin da hukumar ta NHRF ta tallafawa a wani bangare ya taimaka wajen kawar da azabtarwa ta jiki a makarantu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Children's rights in Liberia |url=http://www.nhrf.no/index.php/focus/stories/student-rights-in-liberia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430224714/http://www.nhrf.no/index.php/focus/stories/student-rights-in-liberia |archive-date=April 30, 2012 |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=The Norwegian Human Rights Fund}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin 2010 na Hukumar Ci Gaban Taimakon Kai da Taimakon da ke neman inganta yanayin kare hakkin bil adama ga daliban makarantun sakandare a kudu maso gabashin Laberiya, &quot;fiye da dalibai da malamai 3000 sun halarci zaman horo kan batutuwan kare hakkin bil'adama&quot;. Dalibai sun yi muhawara game da 'yancin ɗan adam tare da kafa kwamitoci &quot;don ganowa da kuma nuna yadda ake cin zarafi da nemo kayan aikin da za a bi da masu laifi&quot;. Shirin ya samu nasara ta hanyoyi da dama, inda ya taimaka wajen kawar da dadaddiyar dabi'u kamar &quot;Yaran da ke aiki a gonakin malamai da sayen dabino a matsayin kudin makaranta&quot; da kuma tilasta wa iyaye biyan kudin makaranta na makarantun kyauta. &quot;An kuma samu ci gaba ta fuskar cin zarafi da cin zarafi ga dalibai, a mafi yawan makarantun da ake kaiwa hari, an aiwatar da dokar hana dukan daliban da aka yi musu ba daidai ba, ko kuma sun gaza, a wani hali kuma an hana yiwa dalibai bulala sakamakon shiga tsakani na SHDRA.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Protecting children`s rights in rural schools |url=http://www.nhrf.no/index.php/focus/stories/protecting-childrens-rights-in-rural-schools |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717062343/http://www.nhrf.no/index.php/focus/stories/protecting-childrens-rights-in-rural-schools |archive-date=July 17, 2012 |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=The Norwegian Human Rights Fund}}&lt;/ref&gt;

UNESCO ta hannun asusun samar da zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ta hada kai da ma'aikatar ilimi ta Laberiya don aiwatar da shirin &quot;Peace, Human Rights and Citizenship Education&quot; a makarantun kasar. Hakan ya hada da horar da malamai 1,300 don baiwa dalibai ilimi da dabarun magance rikice-rikice domin bunkasa zaman lafiya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Liberia: Promoting peace and reconciliation through curriculum reform |url=http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/themes/pcpd/unesco-in-post-crisis-situations/peace-and-reconciliation/ |access-date=2013-01-10 |website=UNESCO}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga karshe, yayin da ake shirin inganta halin da marayu da kananan yara masu rauni a Laberiya, akwai gagarumin kalubale. Magance wadannan batutuwa na bukatar hada kai daga gwamnati, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da sauran kasashen duniya don tabbatar da cewa dukkan yara, musamman marayu, za su iya samun hakkinsu na ilimi, tsaro da tallafi.

== Hakkokin nakasassu ==
Wariya ga nakasassu haramun ne amma ya yadu musamman a karkara. Yawancin gine-ginen jama'a ba sa isa ga nakasassu, kuma babu wata doka da ta bukaci a samu su. Sakamakon yakin basasa, akwai 'yan kasar Laberiya da dama masu nakasa. Akwai Hukumar Nakasassu ta Kasa amma ba ta da tasiri wajen kare hakkin nakasassu. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt;

== Hakkokin tsiraru ==
Laberiya na da kabilu daban-daban 16, kowannensu yana da yarensa, kuma rashin hakuri da juna a tsakaninsu ya ci gaba. Mutanen da ba baƙar fata ba a ba su izinin mallakar dukiya a Laberiya kuma ba su cancanci neman zama ɗan ƙasa ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt;

== Hakkin LGBT ==
Ayyukan jima'i iri ɗaya haramun ne a Laberiya. Babu sanannun ƙungiyoyin haƙƙin LGBT. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt; Lokacin da Sirleaf ta lashe kyautar zaman lafiya ta Nobel kuma aka yaba mata a matsayin jarumar kare hakkin bil'adama, mutane da yawa sun lura da wannan rashin jituwa, amma Sirleaf ta tsaya tsayin daka kan 'yancin 'yan luwadi. 

Tattaunawar hadin gwiwa a watan Maris na 2012 da Tony Blair ta yi kanun labaran duniya saboda goyon bayan Sirleaf ga dokar hana luwadi a kasarta da kuma saboda kin kalubalantarta da Blair ya yi kan batun. &quot;Muna da wasu dabi'u na gargajiya a cikin al'ummarmu da muke son kiyayewa,&quot; in ji Sirleaf.

== Ƙungiyar kwadago da haƙƙin ƙwadago ==
Ma'aikata a kamfanoni masu zaman kansu suna da 'yancin shiga ƙungiyoyi kuma an ba su izinin shiga yajin aiki da kuma yin ciniki tare. An hana ma'aikatan gwamnati shiga kungiyoyin kwadago.

Yin aikin tilas ba bisa ka'ida ba, amma yana faruwa, tare da iyalai na karkara galibi suna aika mata da yara zuwa birane don yin aiki a gidaje ko kuma masu sayar da titi. Yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 16 ba a yarda su yi aiki ba, amma wannan haramcin ba a aiwatar da shi yadda ya kamata ba kuma aikin yara ya kasance a kusan ko'ina, tare da ƙananan yara suna aiki a kasuwannin birane, gonaki da gonaki, da sauran ayyukan, wasu daga cikinsu suna da haɗari. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt;

Ya kamata Hukumar Kwadago ta kare yara daga aiki, amma ba ta da isassun ma'aikata da kuma samun kudade. Dokoki daban-daban suna iyakance lokutan aiki, kafa buƙatun fa'ida, da saita ƙa'idodin lafiya da aminci. Akwai mafi karancin albashi amma bai shafi ma’aikata da yawa ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt;

Wani aiki a Laberiya na Action for Community and Human Development ya nemi &quot;inganta karfin kungiyoyin ma'aikatan masana'antu don yin aiki tare da gudanarwa da kare hakkin ma'aikata, gina karfin tsarin ci gaban al'umma a cikin shugabanci da yanke shawara, da kuma taimakawa mazabar tare da haɗin gwiwarsu da hukumomin gida&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Liberia |url=http://www.ned.org/node/169 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130312142702/http://www.ned.org/node/169 |archive-date=March 12, 2013 |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=National Endowment For Democracy}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shari'a da tsarin hukunci ==

=== Hakkokin mutanen da ake shari'a ===
Ma'aikatar shari'a ta Laberiya tana da rashin iya aiki, cin hanci da rashawa, lauyoyi da alkalai da ba su cancanta ba, da rashin isasshen wuraren kotuna, sufuri, da sauran kayan aiki. Ko da yake waɗanda ake tuhuma suna da ’yancin halartar nasu shari’o’in, da tuntuɓar lauya, don duba shaidu, da kuma ɗaukaka hukunci, ana hana waɗannan haƙƙoƙin ga mutanen da ba su ba da cin hanci ko kuma ba su da lauya. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt;

Amnesty International ta bayyana matsalolin da ke tattare da shari'ar Laberiya kamar haka a shekara ta 2012: &quot;Rashin isassun binciken 'yan sanda, karancin masu kare jama'a, rashin gudanar da shari'a, cin hanci da rashawa, da kuma bangaren shari'a da ba shi da ikon sauraron kararraki a kan lokaci ya taimaka wajen samun koma baya a tsarin shari'ar laifuka. Kusan kashi 80 cikin 100 na fursunoni suna jiran a yi musu shari'a, wasu kuma ana bukatar a yi musu shari'a na tsawon shekaru. don samun 'yanci, misali 'yan sanda su gudanar da bincike a kai a kai sun ki bayar da belinsu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Annual Report 2012 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/region/liberia/report-2012 |access-date=January 10, 2013 |website=Amnesty International}}&lt;/ref&gt; Alkalai suna yawan bayar da diyya, su yi shari'a, sakin fursunonin, da yanke hukunci ba tare da laifi ba, a matsayin cin hanci, kuma sau da yawa lauyoyin su kan shawarci wadanda ake kara da su biya alkalai, alkalai, da sauran su. &lt;ref name=&quot;2010 Human Rights Report: Liberia&quot;/&gt;

=== Hakkin mutanen da ke gidan yari ===
Yanayin gidajen yari a Laberiya ba su da kyau, tare da cunkoso, rashin isasshen abinci da ruwan sha, rashin tsafta da iska, da rashin kula da lafiya. Kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta kasance tana taimakawa wajen inganta samar da ruwan sha da tsaftar muhalli a wurare da dama, yayin da MDD da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ke ba da ayyukan jinya da kuma aikin da suka shafi tsaftar muhalli. A wasu lokuta, maza da mata, manya da yara, da waɗanda aka yanke wa hukunci da waɗanda ake tuhuma suna jiran shari'a ana tsare su tare. Ana barin fursunonin su karɓi baƙi da yin addininsu.

Gwamnati ta ba da izinin sa ido kan yanayin kurkuku daga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam, da kafofin watsa labarai. A cikin 2008 mafi yawan fursunoni a gidan yarin Monrovia, a cewar Amnesty International, ana tsare da su ba tare da tuhuma ba, wasu na tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 2010, a cewar Human Rights Watch, &quot;fiye da kashi 10 cikin 100 na kusan mutane 1,700 da ake tsare da su a gidajen yarin Laberiya an same su da laifi&quot;.

Sirleaf ta sanya hannu kan wata doka a shekara ta 2008 wacce ta sake haifar da hukuncin kisa. Kwamitin Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya lura da damuwa da cewa, hakan na wakiltar saba wa ka'ida ta zabi ta biyu ga yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kan 'yancin jama'a da siyasa, wadda Laberiya ta rattaba hannu a kai.

== Halin tarihi ==
Jadawalin da ke gaba yana nuna ƙimar Laberiya tun 1972 a cikin rahotannin Freedom in the World, wanda Freedom House ke bugawa kowace shekara. Ƙimar 1 &quot;kyauta&quot; ne; 7, &quot;ba kyauta ba&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;FH1972&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Freedom House |author-link=Freedom House |year=2024 |title=Country and Territory Ratings and Statuses, FIW 1973-2024 |url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2024-02/Country_and_Territory_Ratings_and_Statuses_FIW_1973-2024.xlsx |access-date=21 December 2024 |format=XLS}}&lt;/ref&gt; 1

== Yarjejeniyoyi na duniya ==
Matsayin Laberiya game da [[Dokar 'yancin dan adam ta kasa da kasa|yarjejeniyoyin kare hakkin bil adama na kasa da kasa]] sune kamar haka.

== Magana ==
{{reflist|2}}
==Mahaɗa==

===Rahoto===
*[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?dlid=186212 Country Report on Human Rights Practices for 2011] by the [[United States Department of State]]
* [https://www.amnesty.org/en/region/liberia/report-2012 2012 Annual Report], by [[Amnesty International]] (also available in [https://www.amnesty.org/ar/region/liberia/report-2010 Arabic], [https://www.amnesty.org/fr/region/liberia/report-2010 French], and [https://www.amnesty.org/es/region/liberia/report-2010 Spanish])
* [http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2011/liberia Freedom in the World 2011 Report], by [[Freedom House]]

===Ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa===
*[https://www.amnesty.org/en/region/liberia Liberia] at [[Amnesty International]] (also available in [https://www.amnesty.org/ar/region/liberia Arabic], [https://www.amnesty.org/fr/region/liberia French], and [https://www.amnesty.org/es/region/liberia Spanish])
*[https://www.hrw.org/africa/liberia Liberia] at [[Human Rights Watch]]
*[http://www.fidh.org/-Liberia,206- Liberia]{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} at [[FIDH]] (More information on the [http://www.fidh.org/-Liberia,68- French site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602092045/http://fidh.org/-Liberia,68- |date=2013-06-02 }})
*[http://ohchr.org/EN/countries/AfricaRegion/Pages/LRIndex.aspx Liberia] at the [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]] (OHCHR)
*[http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/liberia.html Liberia] at [[UNICEF]]
*[http://www.ifex.org/liberia/ Liberia] at the [[International Freedom of Expression Exchange]] (IFEX)

===Ƙungiyoyin cikin gida===
*[http://rwhr.org Regional Watch for Human Rights]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]
[[Rukuni:Ƴancin Ɗan Adam a Afirka]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abd Al-Baqi Abd Karim Al-Sadun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>103417</id>
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'''Abd Al-Baqi Abd Karim Al-Sadun''' (1947 – 14 ga Disamba, 2021) ɗan siyasa ne daga ƙasar [[Iraq]]. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mambobin Kwamitin Yanki na Jam’iyyar Ba’ath ta Zamani ta Larabawa a Iraq (Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region). Shi ne ke da alhakin kula da ayyukan jam’iyyar Ba’ath a yankin kudu da [[Gwamnatin Diyala (Diyala Governorate)]], kuma ya kasance ɗan majalisar wakilan [[Iraq]].

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Zubair|first=Sami|date=27 June 2015|title=An kama ɗan jagorancin jam’iyyar Ba’ath da aka rusa, Abdul-Baqi Al-Saadoun, a birnin Kirkuk|url=https://www.rudaw.net/arabic/kurdistan/270620152|access-date=2021-03-30|website=www.rudaw.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Rayuwa==
Al-Sadun ya fito daga dangin Saadun, kuma yana daga cikin fitattun shugabannin jam’iyyar Ba’ath bayan faduwarsa gwamnatin Saddam Hussein a shekarar 2003. Ana zargin cewa ya tsere zuwa ƙasar [[Siriya]].
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2014-03-17|title=Masu tushe daga cikin dangin sa sun tabbatar cewa Abdul-Baqi Al-Saadoun yana zaune a wata ƙasa ta Larabawa, kuma al-Douri ne ke bayan kamfen da ake yi masa|url=https://www.azzaman.com/%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%80-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3/|access-date=2021-03-30|website=Azzaman|language=ar|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304092236/http://www.azzaman.com/?p=65852|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
An saka sunansa cikin jerin sunayen mutanen da Amurka ke nema ruwa a jallo daga Iraq har zuwa lokacin da aka kama shi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2010-09-02|title=Fitattun fuskokin tsohuwar gwamnatin Iraq: Ina suke yanzu?|url=https://www.bbc.com/arabic/middleeast/2010/09/100902_iraq_playcards_tc2|access-date=2021-03-04|website=BBC News عربي|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
An yankewa Al-Sadun hukuncin kisa ne a ranar 11 ga Janairu, 2016, bisa tuhumar aikata kisan kare dangi (genocide) da ya faru a lokacin mulkin Saddam Hussein.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Arab|first=The New|title=An yanke wa wani jigo a gwamnatin Saddam hukuncin kisa kan laifin kisan kare dangi|url=https://english.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2016/1/11/saddam-era-iraqi-leader-condemned-to-death-in-genocide-case|access-date=2021-03-30|website=alaraby|date=11 January 2016|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An kwantar da Al-Sadun a asibiti domin yi masa tiyatar ido, amma ya rasu a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 2021, yana da shekaru 74 da haihuwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.rudaw.net/arabic/middleeast/iraq/141220215 |title=An kwantar da ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin tsohuwar gwamnati a asibiti |website=Rudaw|access-date=14 December 2021|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zaben 'yan majalisar wakilan Najeriya na 2015 a jihar Bayelsa</title>
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A ranar 28 ga Maris, 2015 ne aka gudanar da zaɓen ƴan majalisar wakilan Najeriya na shekarar 2015 a jihar Bayelsa, domin zaben ‘yan majalisar wakilai da za su wakilci jihar Bayelsa ta Najeriya.

== Bayani ==

{|class=wikitable style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:bottom;&quot;
!rowspan=3|Affiliation
!colspan=2|Party
!rowspan=3|Total
|-
| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|All Progressives Congress}}&quot; |
| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}}&quot; |
|-
![[All Progressives Congress|APC]]
![[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
!Before Election
| -
| 5
! 5
|-
!After Election
| -
| 5
! 5
|-
|}

== Takaitawa ==

{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%;line-height:14px;&quot;
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot;| District
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|[[Incumbent]]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot;| Party
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|Elected Reps Member
! colspan=&quot;2&quot;| Party
|-
| Brass/Nembe
| [[Jephthah Foingha]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Jephthah Foingha]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Ogbia
| Agbedi Fredrick
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Sodaguno Festus Omoni]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Sagbama/Ekeremor
| [[Henry Seriake Dickson]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| Agbedi Fredrick
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Southern Ijaw
| [[Henry Aladeinyefa Daniel-Ofongo|Henry Ofongo]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Henry Aladeinyefa Daniel-Ofongo|Henry Ofongo]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Yenagoa/Kolokuna/Opokuma	
| Warman Weri Ogoriba
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Douye Diri]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|}

== Sakamako ==

== Brass/Nembe ==
Dan takarar jam’iyyar PDP Jephthah Foingha ne ya lashe zaben inda ya doke sauran ‘yan takarar jam’iyyar.&lt;ref&gt;Hon. Jephthah Foingha biography, net worth, age, family, contact &amp; picture&quot;. www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;DOMESTIC TYRANT: HOW REPS MEMBER JEPHTAH FOINGHA SACKED AIDE WITHOUT PAY AND DUE PROCESS&quot;. Secret Reporters. January 23, 2021. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;ws. October 2, 2014. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Usman, Hassan. &quot;DOMESTIC TYRANT: HOW REPS MEMBER JEPHTAH FOINGHA SACKED AIDE WITHOUT PAY AND DUE PROCESS&quot;. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Public offices held by Jephthah Foingha in Nigeria&quot;. citizensciencenigeria.org. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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A ranar 28 ga Maris, 2015 ne aka gudanar da zaɓen ƴan majalisar wakilan Najeriya na shekarar 2015 a jihar Bayelsa, domin zaɓen ƴan majalisar wakilai da za su wakilci jihar Bayelsa ta Najeriya.

== Bayani ==

{|class=wikitable style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:bottom;&quot;
!rowspan=3|Affiliation
!colspan=2|Party
!rowspan=3|Total
|-
| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|All Progressives Congress}}&quot; |
| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}}&quot; |
|-
![[All Progressives Congress|APC]]
![[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
!Before Election
| -
| 5
! 5
|-
!After Election
| -
| 5
! 5
|-
|}

== Takaitawa ==

{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%;line-height:14px;&quot;
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot;| District
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|[[Incumbent]]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot;| Party
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|Elected Reps Member
! colspan=&quot;2&quot;| Party
|-
| Brass/Nembe
| [[Jephthah Foingha]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Jephthah Foingha]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Ogbia
| Agbedi Fredrick
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Sodaguno Festus Omoni]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Sagbama/Ekeremor
| [[Henry Seriake Dickson]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| Agbedi Fredrick
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Southern Ijaw
| [[Henry Aladeinyefa Daniel-Ofongo|Henry Ofongo]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Henry Aladeinyefa Daniel-Ofongo|Henry Ofongo]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Yenagoa/Kolokuna/Opokuma	
| Warman Weri Ogoriba
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Douye Diri]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|}

== Sakamako ==

== Brass/Nembe ==
Dan takarar jam’iyyar PDP Jephthah Foingha ne ya lashe zaben inda ya doke sauran ‘yan takarar jam’iyyar.&lt;ref&gt;Hon. Jephthah Foingha biography, net worth, age, family, contact &amp; picture&quot;. www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;DOMESTIC TYRANT: HOW REPS MEMBER JEPHTAH FOINGHA SACKED AIDE WITHOUT PAY AND DUE PROCESS&quot;. Secret Reporters. January 23, 2021. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;ws. October 2, 2014. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Usman, Hassan. &quot;DOMESTIC TYRANT: HOW REPS MEMBER JEPHTAH FOINGHA SACKED AIDE WITHOUT PAY AND DUE PROCESS&quot;. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Public offices held by Jephthah Foingha in Nigeria&quot;. citizensciencenigeria.org. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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A ranar 28 ga Maris, 2015 ne aka gudanar da zaɓen ƴan majalisar wakilan Najeriya na shekarar 2015 a jihar Bayelsa, domin zaɓen ƴan majalisar wakilai da za su wakilci jihar Bayelsa ta Najeriya.

== Bayani ==

{|class=wikitable style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:bottom;&quot;
!rowspan=3|Affiliation
!colspan=2|Party
!rowspan=3|Total
|-
| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|All Progressives Congress}}&quot; |
| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}}&quot; |
|-
![[All Progressives Congress|APC]]
![[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
!Before Election
| -
| 5
! 5
|-
!After Election
| -
| 5
! 5
|-
|}

== Takaitawa ==

{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%;line-height:14px;&quot;
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot;| District
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|[[Incumbent]]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot;| Party
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|Elected Reps Member
! colspan=&quot;2&quot;| Party
|-
| Brass/Nembe
| [[Jephthah Foingha]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Jephthah Foingha]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Ogbia
| Agbedi Fredrick
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Sodaguno Festus Omoni]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Sagbama/Ekeremor
| [[Henry Seriake Dickson]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| Agbedi Fredrick
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Southern Ijaw
| [[Henry Aladeinyefa Daniel-Ofongo|Henry Ofongo]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Henry Aladeinyefa Daniel-Ofongo|Henry Ofongo]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|-
| Yenagoa/Kolokuna/Opokuma	
| Warman Weri Ogoriba
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
| [[Douye Diri]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot;|
| [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]]
|}

== Sakamako ==

== Brass/Nembe ==
Ɗan takarar jam’iyyar PDP Jephthah Foingha ne ya lashe zaben inda ya doke sauran ƴan takarar jam’iyyar.&lt;ref&gt;Hon. Jephthah Foingha biography, net worth, age, family, contact &amp; picture&quot;. www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;DOMESTIC TYRANT: HOW REPS MEMBER JEPHTAH FOINGHA SACKED AIDE WITHOUT PAY AND DUE PROCESS&quot;. Secret Reporters. January 23, 2021. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;ws. October 2, 2014. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Usman, Hassan. &quot;DOMESTIC TYRANT: HOW REPS MEMBER JEPHTAH FOINGHA SACKED AIDE WITHOUT PAY AND DUE PROCESS&quot;. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Public offices held by Jephthah Foingha in Nigeria&quot;. citizensciencenigeria.org. Retrieved October 29, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>406th Air Expeditionary Wing</title>
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{{Infobox military unit|unit_name=406th Air Expeditionary Wing
[[File:United States Air Forces in Africa.svg|center|60px]]|image=230618-F-TO545-1429 Guardian Angels hone their skills in joint personnel recovery exercise.jpg|image_size=300|caption=A [[pararescueman]] from the wing's 82nd Expeditionary Rescue Squadron drags a litter during an exercise in Djibouti, 2023|dates=1952–1958; 1972–1992; 2011–2011; 2023–present|country={{USA}}|allegiance=|branch={{air force|USA}}|type=Air Expeditionary|role=|size=|command_structure=[[United States Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa]]
*[[Third Air Force]]|current_commander=|garrison=[[Ramstein Air Base]], Germany|ceremonial_chief=|nickname=|patron=|motto=''Ascende et Defende''&lt;br/&gt;([[Latin]]: &quot;Rise and Defend&quot;)|colors=|march=|mascot=|battles=|anniversaries=|decorations=[[File:Air Force Outstanding Unit Award Streamer.jpg|150px]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Air Force Outstanding Unit Award]] (6x)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Air Force Recognition Programs |url=https://access.afpc.af.mil/AwardsDMZNet40/SearchAwards.aspx |access-date=2023-06-23 |website=Air Force Personnel Services}}&lt;/ref&gt;|identification_symbol=[[File:406th Air Expeditionary Wg.png|165px]]|identification_symbol_label=406th Air Expeditionary Wing emblem}}

'''406th Air Expeditionary Wing''' (406 AEW) wani sashi ne na wucin gadi wanda aka sanya wa Sojojin Sama na Uku na Amurka, wanda aka ajiye a Ramstein Air Base, kasar  Jamus. Abubuwan da ke ciki suna gudanar da jigilar jiragen sama, dawo da ma'aikata, kwashe wadanda suka mutu, da kuma hare-hare don tallafawa Kwamandan Afirka  da ke a Amurka.

An fara kunna reshen ne a matsayin rukunin masu kai harin bam a farkon [[Cold War|yakin cacar baka]] a shekarar 1952 kuma an ajiye shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] tsawon shekaru shida har zuwa lokacin da aka fara aiki a shekarar 1958. Daga 1972 zuwa 1992, reshe ya yi aiki a matsayin rukunin horo yayin da yake zaune a Spain.

A cikin 2001, an ba da reshe ga Sojojin Sama na Amurka a Turai a matsayin rukunin wucin gadi.

An kunna naúrar kwanan nan akan 9 ga Yuni 2023, tare da ɗaukan ikon sassan na 435th Air Expeditionary Wing .

== Tarihi ==

=== 406th Fighter-Bomber Wing ===
[[Fayil:406_fighter-interceptor_wg.jpg|left|thumb|145x145px| Alamar 406th Fighter-Bomber Wing]]
[[Fayil:Republic_F-84E-1-RE_Thunderjet_49-2066.jpg|thumb| Jamhuriyar F-84E-1-RE Thunderjets na 512th Fighter-Bomber Squadron. Serial 49-2066 yana cikin gaba.]]
[[Fayil:F_86d_512fis_52_4063_phal_1958.jpg|thumb| Arewacin Amurka F-86D-45-NA Saber Serial 52-4063 na 513th Fighter Interceptor Squadron]]
A ranar 10 ga Yuli 1952, 123d Fighter-Bomber Wing a RAF Manston, Ingila an sake shi daga sabis na tarayya kuma ya koma Kentucky Air Guard, yayin da ma'aikatansa da kayan aiki suka koma zuwa sabuwar 406th Fighter-Bomber Wing .  Rundunar mayakan da aka maye gurbinsu da 512th, 513th da 514th bi da bi, F-84G Thunderjets da goyan bayan jiragen sama na ANG an sanya su zuwa 406th Fighter-Bomber Group . FBW na 406 ya ba da umarnin ayyuka na ƙungiyoyin tallafi da kuma yaƙi na 406 na FBG. ’Yan tsirarun jami’an tsaro na kasa da ke da reshe sun tafi kuma na karshe an sake su daga bakin aiki a ranar 9 ga Yuli, kodayake wasu ‘yan ajiyar sun kasance a bakin aiki na karin watanni shida zuwa goma sha biyu.

A ranar 1 ga Mayu 1956, lokacin da FIW na 406 ya canza zuwa ƙungiyar Tri-Deputate, yana ba da ƙungiyoyi masu aiki kai tsaye zuwa reshe. Kungiyar Fighter-Bomber ta 406 ba ta aiki. A cikin Yuni 1956 F-86D Saber interceptors sun zo daga CONUS don ba da 87th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron wanda aka canjawa wuri zuwa 406th daga 81st FBW da aka sanya wa RAF Shepherds Grove . FIS ta 87, duk da haka, ta kasance a jiki a Shepherds Grove, amma tana ƙarƙashin umarnin ƙungiya na 406th a Manston. A cikin Satumba 1955, an sake fasalin 87th na 512th FIS.

A cikin watan Mayu 1958, an kashe 406th a wurin, tare da tura dakarun tsaron iska guda uku zuwa nahiyar Turai a karkashin Rundunar Tsaro ta 86 (Mai tsaro) a Ramstein Air Base West Jamus. An mayar da tawagar zuwa sansanoni masu zuwa:

* FIS na 512 zuwa Sembach Air Base, Jamus ta Yamma
* FIS na 513 zuwa Filin Jirgin Sama na Phalsbourg-Bourscheid na Faransa
* 514th FIS zuwa Ramstein Air Base, Jamus ta Yamma

A ƙarshe an janye F-86D daga Turai a cikin 1961, kuma 512th, 513th da 514th ba a kunna su ba.

=== 406th dabaran Fighter Training Wing ===
[[Fayil:406th_tactical_fighter_wg-patch.jpg|left|thumb|127x127px| Alamar 406th Dabarar Horon Fighter Wing]]
A cikin Fabrairu 1970 Project CREEK STEP ya yi kira ga gina Zaragoza Air Base a matsayin wurin horar da makamai na USAFE, tare da yin amfani da Bardenas Reales Air-to-Ground Bombing da Gunnery Range (kimanin 45).&amp;nbsp;mi/70&amp;nbsp;km arewa maso yamma na tushe) ya fara a watan Maris.

Tare da rufe Wheelus Air Base a [[Libya]], Zaragoza ya koma aiki a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1970 tare da kunna na 86 Air Division . An ɗaukaka na 406th zuwa matsayin Wing akan 21 ga Yuli 1972. Kodayake 406th ba shi da wani jirgin sama na dindindin, Wing ya ba da tallafi ga duk jiragen sama na dabara na USAFE waɗanda suka yi amfani da kewayon Zaragoza, da kuma tura sassan SAC da TAC, da kuma ƙungiyoyin NATO masu haɗin gwiwa.

Tun daga watan Satumba na 1972, na 406th kuma yana gudanar da Makarantar Koyon Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta USAFE, kuma a cikin Mayu 1976, ya fara aiki da Makarantar Koyarwa ta USAFE. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kean |first=Connor |title=Tactical Air Control Party Specialist (TACP) |url=http://www.airforce.com/careers/detail/tactical-air-control-party-specialist-tacp-males-only/ |access-date=16 March 2013 |publisher=United States Air Force |archive-date=8 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130308073354/https://www.airforce.com/careers/detail/tactical-air-control-party-specialist-tacp-males-only/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Makamai na horar da makamai sune F-4 Phantom II jirgin sama, kodayake F-111 sun yi amfani da jeri na reshe na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin 1974, kuma Navy A-7 Corsairs na Amurka sun yi amfani da kewayon wurare a watan Yuni 1974. A cikin Nuwamba 1976, 406th TFTW ya fara cikakken goyon bayan kulawar SAC KC-135 na tanki na dindindin. A ranar 12 ga Satumbar 1977, an ƙara wani fanni a cikin ayyukan horo na reshe lokacin da ya gudanar da horon yaƙin iska na farko (DACT) tare da jiragen sama na AmurkaF da na Amurka.

A cikin 1979, an rufe Makarantar Pilot mai koyarwa a cikin Yuli, saboda manyan canje-canje a cikin manufofin USAFE da tsare kasafin kuɗi. A ranar 1 ga Janairu 1980, aikin tallafi ya faɗaɗa lokacin da 406th ya ɗauki alhakin wurare daban-daban na ayyuka don tallafawa rukunin radar na AmurkaF guda huɗu a Humosa, Mencora, Soller, da Inoges. Reshe ya ba da wannan tallafi tare da haɗin gwiwar 401st Tactical Fighter Wing da aka ba Torrejon AB .

Babban daga cikin abubuwan da aka cimma na TFTW na 406 a lokacin 1981 shine shirye-shirye da tsara shirye-shiryen liyafar Ƙungiyoyin Horar da Makamai na F-16 wanda ya fara a 1982. TFS na 512 na 86th Tactical Fighter Wing a Ramstein AB, Jamus ta Yamma ya yi rikodin aika jirgin F-16C na farko zuwa Bardenas Reales Range akan 3 Afrilu 1986. Wannan ya wakilci farkon amfani da jirgin C-model F-16 a kewayon tun lokacin da aka gabatar da sabbin F-16 zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Turai.

A cikin sauran shekarun 1980, na 406th ya ci gaba da ba da tallafi ga horar da ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa na USAFE da kuma horo na horo. Agusta 1990 ya kawo wani lokaci mai tsanani, yayin da 406th da Zaragoza suka ba da babban tallafi na iska da ƙasa don Operation Desert Shield, wanda aka gudanar a matsayin mayar da martani ga mamayar [[Iraƙi|Iraki]] na [[Kuwaiti (ƙasa)|Kuwait]] . Dubban jami'an soji da tarin kayan aiki ne suka bi ta Zaragoza a kan hanyar da za a shawo kan rikicin Gabas ta Tsakiya. Tushen da reshe ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin babban tashar jiragen ruwa na samar da tallafi a lokacin da kuma bayan Operation Desert Storm .

Dangane da irin tanadin da ke buƙatar cire wasu raka'a daga Spain, 406th ya fara ƙoƙarin kawo ƙarshen ayyukansa da mayar da Zaragoza ga Gwamnatin Spain a cikin 1992. Amfani da kewayon horo ya ƙare a watan Disamba 1991, sannan juyar da ayyukan tushe ga Mutanen Espanya a cikin Afrilu 1992.

An kunna Wing na 406th Tactical Fighter Training Wing a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1994 lokacin da USAFE ta ƙare gabanta kuma ta mayar da ikon Zaragoza Air Base ga gwamnatin Spain.

=== 406th Air Expeditionary Wing ===
A cikin 2001, an canza reshe zuwa matsayi na wucin gadi azaman '''406th Air Expeditionary Wing''' . &lt;ref name=&quot;406LH&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bailey |first=Carl E. |date=2001-02-05 |title=Lineage and Honors History of the 406 Air Expeditionary Wing (USAFE) |url=http://www.foia.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-090702-014.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717075915/http://www.foia.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-090702-014.pdf |archive-date=17 July 2011 |publisher=[[Air Force Historical Research Agency]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan damar, an kunna reshen a farkon 2003 a matsayin reshe na wucin gadi da za a yi amfani da shi a matsayin wani bangare na Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), wanda ke da tushe a [[Turkiyya]] . Lokacin da Turkiyya ta ƙi yarda a yi amfani da ƙasarta a matsayin wani ɓangare na mamayewar Iraki na Maris 2003,  da alama an dakatar da 406 AEW jim kaɗan bayan haka.{{or|date=June 2023}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;The material near this tag possibly contains original research. (June 2023)&quot;&gt;bincike na asali?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

An kunna shi a ranar 30 ga Maris 2011 a Moron Air Base, Spain don tallafawa Operation Odyssey Dawn, manufa don tilasta dokar hana zirga-zirgar jiragen sama da aka sanya don kare fararen hula a Libya yayin yakin basasar Libya . Aikin harhada wani jirgin sama mai dakon mai da farko ya fado ne a kan 171st Air Refueling Wing of the Pennsylvania Air National Guard da Birgediya Janar Roy E. Uptegraff III, wanda ya fara da jiragen ruwa guda biyu da suka rigaya a Moron don tallafawa jiragen da ke jujjuyawa zuwa da kuma daga Gabas ta Tsakiya. Jiragen tanka guda hudu na farko na 171 sun isa da safiyar ranar 20 ga Maris. A rana mai zuwa, reshen da ba a tsara ba tukuna ya girma zuwa gaurayawan Boeing KC-135 Stratotankers goma sha biyar da McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extenders guda hudu, wanda aka zana daga fikafikai 14 na runduna ta yau da kullun, Dokar Reserve na Sojan Sama, da Tsaron Sama . Da yake duban yadda ratsin wutsiya a cikin jiragen da ya umarta, Brig. Janar Uptegraff ya sanya wa sashinsa suna &quot;Calico Wing.&quot;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Uptegraff |first=B.G. Roy E. III |date=22 August 2011 |title=Answering the call: The birth of a 'Calico' wing |url=https://www.amc.af.mil/News/Commentaries/Display/Article/149491/answering-the-call-the-birth-of-a-calico-wing/ |access-date=21 January 2018 |publisher=Air Mobility Command Public Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Saboda Majalisa ba ta amince da aikin ba, yawancin aikin reshe yana kan sansanonin sa kai, tare da samun kuɗaɗen kuɗin da aka tsara don wasu dalilai. Yayin da aka ba da ikon sarrafa reshe zuwa Rundunar Sojan Sama na Amurka a Turai (USAFE) na Sojan Sama na Goma sha bakwai, ƙarancin aiki da ƙwarewa tare da ayyukan motsa jiki na iska ya haifar da haɗakar sarrafawa tsakanin USAFE (don sarrafa dabara) da Dokar Motsawa ta Air Motsi (AMC).  A ranar 31 ga Maris, Odyssey Dawn ne [[NATO]] ta karbe shi, wacce ta sanya mata suna Operation Unified Protector . A wannan rana, an jaddada yanayin ruɗewar umarnin umarni lokacin da umarni guda ɗaya daga USAFE da AMC suka naɗa reshen Uptegraff duka 406th AEW (USAFE), da 313th Air Expeditionary Wing (AMC).  Bayanan daga baya sun jaddada cewa Uptegraff ya mayar da hankali kan tabbatar da cewa an ci gaba da gudanar da ayyuka, da kuma cewa AEW na 406 ya wanzu a taƙaice.  Ba a bayyana ba lokacin da aka rushe 406 AEW bisa hukuma. Sabanin haka, 313 AEW ya wanzu har zuwa Oktoba 2011.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2023}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)&quot;&gt;abubuwan da ake bukata&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

A ranar 9 ga Yuni 2023, an kunna naúrar yayin wani biki a Ramstein Air Base, ya sami abubuwan da ke cikin 435th Air Expeditionary Wing, wanda aka kunna a wannan rana. Wanda ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi biyu, waɗanda su kuma suka ƙunshi jimillar runduna 10, ƙungiyar ita ce kawai reshen iska da ke ƙarƙashin ikon Amurka na Afirka . Yin aiki daga filayen jiragen sama guda huɗu, aikin reshe ya ƙunshi tashin jirgin sama na dabara, farfaɗowar ma'aikata, korar waɗanda suka mutu, da ayyukan kai hari. &lt;ref name=&quot;Jordan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jordan |first=Miquel |date=2023-06-12 |title=4-part ceremony equips 406th AEW to continue 435th AEW legacy |url=https://www.usafe.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/3424284/4-part-ceremony-equips-406th-aew-to-continue-435th-aew-legacy/ |access-date=2023-06-23 |publisher=[[United States Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa]] |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623150729/https://www.usafe.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/3424284/4-part-ceremony-equips-406th-aew-to-continue-435th-aew-legacy/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zuri'a ==

* An kafa shi azaman '''406th Fighter-Bomber Wing''' akan 25 Yuni 1952

: An fara aiki a ranar 10 ga Yuli, 1952
: An sake fasalin '''406th Fighter-Interceptor Wing''' akan 1 Afrilu 1954
: Ranar 15 ga Mayu, 1958

* An Sake Sake Shafi '''Na 406th Tactical Fighter Wing''' akan 20 Yuni 1972

* RAF Manston, Ingila, 10 Yuli 1952 - 15 Mayu 1958
* Zaragoza Air Base, Spain, 15 Yuli 1972 - 31 Oktoba 1992 &lt;ref name=&quot;406LH&quot;/&gt;
* Ramstein Air Base, Jamus, 9 Yuni 2023 - yanzu &lt;ref name=&quot;Jordan&quot;/&gt;

== manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Ahmad Rufai Zakari</title>
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      <text bytes="4263" sha1="prcmnose2gu7fnruz2t6raoghubwqpj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Ahmad Rufai Zakari|image=|alt=|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date=25 February 1984|birth_place=|spouse=|children=|death_date=|death_place=|nationality=Nigerian/USA|net worth=|other_names=|known_for={{hlist|Engineering|Oil and Gas|Infrastructure Finance|SA to presidency}}|occupation=|title=Engineer and Consultant}}

'''Ahmad Rufai Zakari''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta alif 1984), masanin Najeriya ne kan ababen more rayuwa a kan iko. Ahmed shi ne Babban Darakta na Gas Power Installed Fleet da Ayyuka na Najeriya / [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Janar Electric. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman ga Shugaba [[Muhammadu Buhari]] kan ababen more rayuwa daga shekarar 2019 zuwa shekara ta 2023.

== Rayuwa ta farko da iyali ==
An haifi Ahmad a ranar 25 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta alif 1984  ga dangin Mr. da Mrs. Zakari Kazaure na [[Jigawa|Jihar Jigawa]] . Mahaifinsa, Mista Zakari Kazaure ya kasance ma'aikacin banki kuma masanin tattalin arziki kafin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2000. Shi ne yaro na farko a cikin iyalin yara biyar.

== Bayanan ilimi ==
Bayan ya halarci makarantar sakandare a [[Najeriya]], Ahmad ya sami damar yin karatun digiri na farko a cikin Injiniyan Lantarki / Tattalin Arziki daga Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo,  kuma a shekara ta 2006 yana da shekaru 22 ya kammala karatu. Yayinda yake a Jami'ar, ya ci gaba da sha'awar Man fetur da iskar gas da kayan aikin kuɗi a Power.

== Ayyuka ==
Daga shekara ta 2006 zuwa shekara ta 2008, ya kasance daga cikin Injiniya mafi ƙanƙanta da aka yarda da shi don gina aiki a Janar Electric ta hanyar shirin da aka sani da Edison Engineering Development Programme,  Amurka. Daga baya aka yi masa aiki a matsayin Injiniyan Lantarki a Janar Electric . 

Daga watan Satumba 2012 zuwa Janairu 2014, Ahmad ya kasance babban darektan kuma manajan Audit na GE Corporate (wanda ya haɗa da Oil da Gas, Afirka ta Kudu da Gabas ta Tsakiya) kuma shi ne na farko na Afirka da za a inganta shi zuwa matsayin Manajan Audit Manajan.

Tsakanin 2015 da 2017, ya kasance Babban Darakta / Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na Janar Electric, Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=POWER WEEK AFRICA, 10 - 14 September 2018, Johannesburg {{!}} Speakers |url=https://www.power-week.com/Africa/Speakers/bio/AhmadZakari.html |access-date=3 September 2019 |website=www.power-week.com |publisher=Power Week Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nasarorin da aka samu ==
Mista Ahmad shi ne dan Afirka na farko da aka inganta zuwa Matsayin Manajan Gudanar da Audit kuma yana da alhakin binciken kudi / bin doka na duniya da kuma shawarwarin aiki don sashin 20B na GE Oil da Gas.

Shi ne ke da alhakin shigar da wutar lantarki ta gas a Najeriya da Afirka ta Kudu. Wannan ya kai sama da turbines 150 kuma har zuwa 8GW na ƙarfin shigarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=POWER WEEK AFRICA, 10 - 14 September 2018, Johannesburg {{!}} Speakers |url=https://www.power-week.com/Africa/Speakers/bio/AhmadZakari.html |access-date=3 September 2019 |website=www.power-week.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kyaututtuka da girmamawa ==

* GE Power Services Gabas ta Tsakiya da Afirka Team of the Year Award (SSA) 
* Kyautar Shugaban Duniya ta GE
* GE Corporate Audit Ma'aikatan Mutum Kyautar - Binciken tsarin Afirka ta Kudu
* Kyautar Kungiyar Ma'aikatan Bincike ta GE - Kyautar Kudancin Duniya

== Naɗin siyasa ==
A cikin 2019,  Shugaban Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya, Shugaba [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya nada shi  a matsayin Mai ba da shawara na Musamman  ga shugabancin kan ababen more rayuwa.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Laolu |first=Akande |title=President Buhari Approves Re-Appointment of Ade Ipaye as Deputy Chief of Staff, Others – The State House, Abuja |url=http://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-buhari-approves-re-appointment-of-ade-ipaye-as-deputy-chief-of-staff-others/ |access-date=3 September 2019 |website=Statehouse |publisher=State house |archive-date=3 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903034651/http://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-buhari-approves-re-appointment-of-ade-ipaye-as-deputy-chief-of-staff-others/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kasance daga cikin matasa kalilan da aka nada a matsayin mataimakan shugabancin.

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]]</text>
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      <comment>/* Ayyuka */</comment>
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      <text bytes="4274" sha1="f6duxxt9cq43elj0054tgcudv74jged" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Ahmad Rufai Zakari|image=|alt=|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date=25 February 1984|birth_place=|spouse=|children=|death_date=|death_place=|nationality=Nigerian/USA|net worth=|other_names=|known_for={{hlist|Engineering|Oil and Gas|Infrastructure Finance|SA to presidency}}|occupation=|title=Engineer and Consultant}}

'''Ahmad Rufai Zakari''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta alif 1984), masanin Najeriya ne kan ababen more rayuwa a kan iko. Ahmed shi ne Babban Darakta na Gas Power Installed Fleet da Ayyuka na Najeriya / [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Janar Electric. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman ga Shugaba [[Muhammadu Buhari]] kan ababen more rayuwa daga shekarar 2019 zuwa shekara ta 2023.

== Rayuwa ta farko da iyali ==
An haifi Ahmad a ranar 25 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta alif 1984  ga dangin Mr. da Mrs. Zakari Kazaure na [[Jigawa|Jihar Jigawa]] . Mahaifinsa, Mista Zakari Kazaure ya kasance ma'aikacin banki kuma masanin tattalin arziki kafin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2000. Shi ne yaro na farko a cikin iyalin yara biyar.

== Bayanan ilimi ==
Bayan ya halarci makarantar sakandare a [[Najeriya]], Ahmad ya sami damar yin karatun digiri na farko a cikin Injiniyan Lantarki / Tattalin Arziki daga Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo,  kuma a shekara ta 2006 yana da shekaru 22 ya kammala karatu. Yayinda yake a Jami'ar, ya ci gaba da sha'awar Man fetur da iskar gas da kayan aikin kuɗi a Power.

== Ayyuka ==
Daga shekara ta 2006 zuwa shekara ta 2008, ya kasance daga cikin Injiniya mafi ƙanƙanta da aka yarda da shi don gina aiki a Janar Electric ta hanyar shirin da aka sani da Edison Engineering Development Programme,  Amurka. Daga baya aka yi masa aiki a matsayin Injiniyan Lantarki a Janar Electric . 

Daga watan Satumba shekara ta 2012 zuwa Janairu 2014, Ahmad ya kasance babban darektan kuma manajan Audit na GE Corporate (wanda ya haɗa da Oil da Gas, Afirka ta Kudu da Gabas ta Tsakiya) kuma shi ne na farko na Afirka da za a inganta shi zuwa matsayin Manajan Audit Manajan.

Tsakanin 2015 da 2017, ya kasance Babban Darakta / Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na Janar Electric, Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=POWER WEEK AFRICA, 10 - 14 September 2018, Johannesburg {{!}} Speakers |url=https://www.power-week.com/Africa/Speakers/bio/AhmadZakari.html |access-date=3 September 2019 |website=www.power-week.com |publisher=Power Week Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nasarorin da aka samu ==
Mista Ahmad shi ne dan Afirka na farko da aka inganta zuwa Matsayin Manajan Gudanar da Audit kuma yana da alhakin binciken kudi / bin doka na duniya da kuma shawarwarin aiki don sashin 20B na GE Oil da Gas.

Shi ne ke da alhakin shigar da wutar lantarki ta gas a Najeriya da Afirka ta Kudu. Wannan ya kai sama da turbines 150 kuma har zuwa 8GW na ƙarfin shigarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=POWER WEEK AFRICA, 10 - 14 September 2018, Johannesburg {{!}} Speakers |url=https://www.power-week.com/Africa/Speakers/bio/AhmadZakari.html |access-date=3 September 2019 |website=www.power-week.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kyaututtuka da girmamawa ==

* GE Power Services Gabas ta Tsakiya da Afirka Team of the Year Award (SSA) 
* Kyautar Shugaban Duniya ta GE
* GE Corporate Audit Ma'aikatan Mutum Kyautar - Binciken tsarin Afirka ta Kudu
* Kyautar Kungiyar Ma'aikatan Bincike ta GE - Kyautar Kudancin Duniya

== Naɗin siyasa ==
A cikin 2019,  Shugaban Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya, Shugaba [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya nada shi  a matsayin Mai ba da shawara na Musamman  ga shugabancin kan ababen more rayuwa.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Laolu |first=Akande |title=President Buhari Approves Re-Appointment of Ade Ipaye as Deputy Chief of Staff, Others – The State House, Abuja |url=http://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-buhari-approves-re-appointment-of-ade-ipaye-as-deputy-chief-of-staff-others/ |access-date=3 September 2019 |website=Statehouse |publisher=State house |archive-date=3 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903034651/http://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-buhari-approves-re-appointment-of-ade-ipaye-as-deputy-chief-of-staff-others/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kasance daga cikin matasa kalilan da aka nada a matsayin mataimakan shugabancin.

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]]</text>
      <sha1>f6duxxt9cq43elj0054tgcudv74jged</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>A ina</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>105602</id>
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      <text bytes="478" sha1="8mmeql9bqrb01b9cmjscurgdgeyd8ol" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
Na iya nufin: A ina

* A ina?, daya daga cikin Ws biyar a cikin aikin jarida
* inda (command), umarnin harsashi
* Where.com, mai ba da aikace-aikacen da ke cikin wuri ta hanyar wayoyin hannu
* Inda (mujallar) , jerin mujallu don masu yawon bude ido
* &quot;Ina?&quot;, waƙar Nickelback daga kundin Curb, 1996
* Inda, fim din fim na 2022 wanda Tsai Ming-liang ya jagoranta

== Dubi kuma ==

* Ware (disambiguation) 
* Rashin sutura
* Sun kasance (disambiguation) 
{{Disambig}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zaben gwamna na Jihar Legas na 1999</title>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Legas na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun 1999. Dan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]] [[Bola Tinubu]] ya lashe zaben inda ya doke dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Bola Tinubu]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar [[Jerin gwamnonin Lagos|Gwamnan Jihar Legas]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== AD na farko ===
[[Bola Tinubu]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na AD . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 4,093,143. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 1,184,372, yayin da yawan kuri'un inganci ya kasance 1,149,375. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 34,997.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>7sasywmjdanonhzld6pptzaa2ytpsva</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>838729</id>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Legas na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]] [[Bola Tinubu]] ya lashe zaɓen inda ya doke dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Bola Tinubu]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar [[Jerin gwamnonin Lagos|Gwamnan Jihar Legas]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== AD na farko ===
[[Bola Tinubu]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na AD . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 4,093,143. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 1,184,372, yayin da yawan kuri'un inganci ya kasance 1,149,375. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 34,997.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Legas na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]] [[Bola Tinubu]] ya lashe zaɓen inda ya doke dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Bola Tinubu]] ya fito ne a matsayin ɗan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar [[Jerin gwamnonin Lagos|Gwamnan Jihar Legas]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa ƙuri'a.

== Zaɓen fidda gwani ==

=== AD na farko ===
[[Bola Tinubu]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na AD . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 4,093,143. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 1,184,372, yayin da yawan kuri'un inganci ya kasance 1,149,375. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 34,997.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Legas na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]] [[Bola Tinubu]] ya lashe zaɓen inda ya doke dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Bola Tinubu]] ya fito ne a matsayin ɗan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar [[Jerin gwamnonin Lagos|Gwamnan Jihar Legas]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa ƙuri'a.

== Zaɓen fidda gwani ==

=== AD na farko ===
[[Bola Tinubu]] ne ya lashe Zaɓen fidda gwani na AD . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa ƙuri'a a jihar ya kai 4,093,143. Adadin ƙuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 1,184,372, yayin da yawan ƙuri'un inganci ya kasance 1,149,375. Kayan ƙuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 34,997.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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Zaben gwamna na Jihar Neja na 1979 ya faru ne a ranar 28 ga Yuli, 1979. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=African Elections Database |url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng_governorship.html |access-date=May 17, 2021 |publisher=African Elections }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Awwal Ibrahim]] na [[Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria|NPN]] ya lashe zaben a karo na farko don zama gwamnan zartarwa na farko na [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]] da ke jagoranta kuma, ya kayar da manyan 'yan adawa a gasar.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adeyemo, Ademola |date=January 13, 2009 |title=Where Are Second Republic Governors? |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200901140197.html?page=2 |access-date=May 18, 2021 |website=All Africa |publisher=ThisDay}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=THE SECOND REPUBLIC, 1979-83 |url=http://countrystudies.us/nigeria/29.htm |access-date=May 18, 2021 |publisher=Countryside Studies}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Aondowase, Nyam |year=2015 |title=AN ANALYSIS OF THE 2003 AND 2007 ELECTORAL VIOLENCE IN NIGERIA |url=https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/53451/Nyam_Analysis_2015.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y |access-date=May 22, 2021 |format=PDF}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528072649/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |archive-date=28 May 2010 |access-date=2021-05-23 |publisher=World Statesmen}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Okpu |first=Ugbana |date=1985 |title=Inter-Party Political Relations in Nigeria 1979-1983 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40174204 |format=JSTOR |journal=Africa Spectrum |publisher=Sage Publications, Ltd. |volume=20 |pages=191–209 |jstor=40174204 |access-date=May 28, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Joseph |first=Richard A. |date=1981 |title=The Ethnic Trap: Notes on the Nigerian Campaign and Elections, 1978-79 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1166229 |format=JSTOR |journal=Issue: A Journal of Opinion |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=11 |pages=17–23 |doi=10.2307/1166229 |jstor=1166229 |url-access=subscription |access-date=May 28, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=6 Aspects of Income Distribution in the Nigerian Urban Sector |url=http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNABR753.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222165809/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNABR753.pdf |archive-date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=May 30, 2021 |publisher=USAID}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Awwal Ibrahim]] ya fito ne mai nasara a zaben fidda gwani na [[Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria|NPN]]. Abokin aikinsa shi ne Idris Alhassan Kpaki . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Emmanuel, Odang |date=October 8, 2020 |title=State Governors and Their Deputies |url=https://rainbownigeria.com/2020/10/08/state-governors-and-their-deputies-2/?_gl=1*1ks7sm*_ga*a3BDcWhmU3phVndTOUdnVVRxci10eVBOdC1uTmtXemRFN3Q3OHkxYk9WWHc4MnAtVDdnWEVyVXFERjFtVGV4cw.. |access-date=May 31, 2021 |website=Rainbow Nigeria |archive-date=June 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213338/https://rainbownigeria.com/2020/10/08/state-governors-and-their-deputies-2/?_gl=1*1ks7sm*_ga*a3BDcWhmU3phVndTOUdnVVRxci10eVBOdC1uTmtXemRFN3Q3OHkxYk9WWHc4MnAtVDdnWEVyVXFERjFtVGV4cw.. |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Niger|Gwamnan Jihar Neja]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Sakamakon ==
Akwai jam'iyyun siyasa guda biyar da [[Hukumar Zaɓe mai zaman kanta ta ƙasa|Hukumar Zabe ta Tarayya]] (FEDECO) ta yi rajista don shiga cikin zaben. Malam [[Awwal Ibrahim]] na [[Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria|NPN]] ya lashe gasar ta hanyar jefa kuri'u mafi girma&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Hart, C. |date=1993 |title=The Nigerian Elections of 1983 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1161428 |format=JSTOR |journal=Africa: Journal of the International African Institute |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=397–418 |doi=10.2307/1161428 |jstor=1161428 |s2cid=145591693 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=33. Nigeria (1960-present) |url=https://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/sub-saharan-africa-region/nigeria-1960-present/ |access-date=May 20, 2021 |publisher=[[University of Central Arkansas]] |archive-date=June 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613133852/https://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/sub-saharan-africa-region/nigeria-1960-present/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}} 
[[Category: Siyasa a Najeriya]]</text>
      <sha1>dfuo5t2flkj9bj1bjx7fml4clw3c12y</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>1983 Zaben gwamna na Jihar Imo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>838564</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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Zaben gwamna na Jihar Imo na 1983 ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 13 ga watan Agusta, 1983. Dan takarar NPP [[Sam Mbakwe]] ya lashe zaben, inda ya kayar da wasu 'yan takara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=Nigeria: Where Are Second Republic Governors? |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200901140197.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604161632/https://allafrica.com/stories/200901140197.html |archive-date=June 4, 2011 |access-date=2009-01-13 |website=This Day}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Okpu |first=Ugbana |date=1985 |title=Inter-Party Political Relations in Nigeria 1979-1983 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40174204 |journal=Africa Spectrum |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=191–209 |issn=0002-0397 |jstor=40174204}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Emmanuel |first=Odang |date=September 19, 2020 |title=Nigeria Second Republic Governors - Rainbownigeria |url=https://rainbownigeria.com/2020/09/19/nigeria-second-republic-governors/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428000147/https://rainbownigeria.com/2020/09/19/nigeria-second-republic-governors/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Sam Mbakwe]] ya fito ne daga dan takarar NPP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Hart |first=Christopher |date=1993 |title=The Nigerian elections of 1983 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/africa/article/abs/nigerian-elections-of-1983/932FDD8E5CD8E04409A3BAF03D126128 |journal=Africa |language=en |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=397–418 |doi=10.2307/1161428 |issn=1750-0184 |jstor=1161428 |s2cid=145591693 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=33. Nigeria (1960-present) |url=https://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/sub-saharan-africa-region/nigeria-1960-present/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=uca.edu |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-06-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613133852/https://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/sub-saharan-africa-region/nigeria-1960-present/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Elections in Nigeria |url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng_governorship.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=africanelections.tripod.com }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar [[List of governors of Imo State|Gwamnan Jihar Imo]] ta hanyar tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== NPP na farko ===
[[Sam Mbakwe]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na NPP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria - THE SECOND REPUBLIC, 1979-83 |url=http://countrystudies.us/nigeria/29.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=countrystudies.us}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2005-12-02 |title=THISDAYonline |url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2001/11/10/20011110cov02.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051202191041/http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2001/11/10/20011110cov02.html |archive-date=December 2, 2005 |access-date=2021-05-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{stub}}
== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zaben gwamna na jihar Nasarawa na 1999</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:50:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na jihar Nasarawa na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Abdullahi Adamu]] ya lashe zaɓen, inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Abdullahi Adamu]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar Gwamnan Jihar Nasarawa ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== PDP na farko ===
[[Abdullahi Adamu]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 702,021. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kai 634,095 yayin da adadin kuri'un kirki ya kai 613,030. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 21,065.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>jcqlribsecaw318o42bac4rbzjgvahs</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>838735</id>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na jihar Nasarawa na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Abdullahi Adamu]] ya lashe zaɓen, inda ya kayar da ɗan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Abdullahi Adamu]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar Gwamnan Jihar Nasarawa ta amfani da tsarin jefa ƙuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== PDP na farko ===
[[Abdullahi Adamu]] ne ya lashe Zaɓen na fidda gwani na PDP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 702,021. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kai 634,095 yayin da adadin kuri'un kirki ya kai 613,030. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 21,065.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>m71i5ctpjvw5a8nyz2oc7e74a6hltnt</sha1>
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      <id>838736</id>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na jihar Nasarawa na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Abdullahi Adamu]] ya lashe zaɓen, inda ya kayar da ɗan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Abdullahi Adamu]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar Gwamnan Jihar Nasarawa ta amfani da tsarin jefa ƙuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== PDP na farko ===
[[Abdullahi Adamu]] ne ya lashe Zaɓen na fidda gwani na PDP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa ƙuri'a a jihar ya kai 702,021. Adadin ƙuri'un da aka jefa ya kai 634,095 yayin da adadin kuri'un kirki ya kai 613,030. Kayan ƙuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 21,065.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>4fs45i7od1uyvjetyzqfyyio0voffop</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Zaɓen majalisar dattawan Najeriya a jihar Katsina, 1992</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>838394</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T13:13:58Z</timestamp>
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        <id>13371</id>
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An gudanar da zaben [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya]] na 1992 a [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]] a ranar 4 ga Yuli, 1992, don zabar mambobin Majalisar Dattijan Najeriya don wakiltar Jihar Katsana. [[Mahmud Kanti Bello]] wanda ke wakiltar Katsina North da Ibrahim Safana wanda ke wakilcin Katsina Central sun ci nasara a dandalin [[Jam'iyyar SDP|Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party]], yayin da [[Abu Ibrahim]] wanda ke wakil da Katsina South (Funtua) ya ci nasara a kan dandalin Yarjejeniyar Jamhuriyar Republican ta Kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Elections in Nigeria |url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html |access-date=2021-08-24 |website=africanelections.tripod.com |archive-date=2021-10-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections Senate, 1992 |url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2364_92.htm |access-date=2021-08-24 |website=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==

=== Katsina ta Arewa ===
[[Mahmud Kanti Bello]] na [[Jam'iyyar SDP|Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party]] ne ya lashe zaben.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Refugees |first=United Nations High Commissioner for |title=Refworld {{!}} Nigeria: List of senators from 1983 to present |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6aadd87.html |access-date=2021-08-24 |website=Refworld |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Katsina ta Tsakiya ===
Ibrahim Safana na Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party ne ya lashe zaben.

=== Katsina ta Kudu (Funtua) ===
[[Abu Ibrahim]] na Yarjejeniyar Jamhuriyar Republican ta Kasa ne ya lashe zaben.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>qzdnk7738zrf0ktkpnar8hhl9tfshul</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Zaben gwamna na Jihar Cross River na 1999</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>106302</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838724</id>
      <parentid>664177</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:45:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
        <id>23935</id>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Cross River na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Donald Duke]] ya lashe zaben, inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Donald Duke]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar Gwamnan Jihar Cross River ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== PDP na farko ===
[[Donald Duke]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,091,930. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 1,006,387 yayin da adadin kuri'un inganci ya kasance 998,607. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 7,780. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>5qoiw3ihc3vwfpaw7fnsrkx7fi59tpn</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>838725</id>
      <parentid>838724</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:46:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
        <id>23935</id>
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      <text bytes="2558" sha1="lvg1gewi7ix5btcajbfi4ca4hh47p5i" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Cross River na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Donald Duke]] ya lashe zaɓen, inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Donald Duke]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar Gwamnan Jihar Cross River ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== PDP na farko ===
[[Donald Duke]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,091,930. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 1,006,387 yayin da adadin kuri'un inganci ya kasance 998,607. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 7,780. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>lvg1gewi7ix5btcajbfi4ca4hh47p5i</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>838726</id>
      <parentid>838725</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:46:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
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      <text bytes="2562" sha1="ogf6ass4jgr2tobk8qahub4h3kvg2up" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Cross River na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Donald Duke]] ya lashe zaɓen, inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Donald Duke]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar Gwamnan Jihar Cross River ta amfani da tsarin jefa ƙuri'a.

== Zaɓen fidda gwani ==

=== PDP na farko ===
[[Donald Duke]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,091,930. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 1,006,387 yayin da adadin kuri'un inganci ya kasance 998,607. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 7,780. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>ogf6ass4jgr2tobk8qahub4h3kvg2up</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>838727</id>
      <parentid>838726</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:47:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Cross River na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Donald Duke]] ya lashe zaɓen, inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Donald Duke]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar Gwamnan Jihar Cross River ta amfani da tsarin jefa ƙuri'a.

== Zaɓen fidda gwani ==

=== PDP na farko ===
[[Donald Duke]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa ƙuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,091,930. Adadin ƙuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 1,006,387 yayin da adadin ƙuri'un inganci ya kasance 998,607. Kayan ƙuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 7,780. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>beubaqhgcsprgk790rzrjvdg3jb0cbb</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Zaben gwamna na Jihar Ebonyi na 1999</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>106305</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838741</id>
      <parentid>664182</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:55:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
        <id>23935</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838741</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2539" sha1="foj97a47pse26yitzwug6ep0ncddp54" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Ebonyi na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairun shekarar 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Sam Egwu]] ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Sam Egwu]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar Gwamnan Jihar Ebonyi ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== PDP na farko ===
[[Sam Egwu]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 902,327. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 517,893, yayin da adadin kuri'un inganci ya kasance 505,862. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 12,031&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>foj97a47pse26yitzwug6ep0ncddp54</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838742</id>
      <parentid>838741</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:55:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
        <id>23935</id>
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      <text bytes="2540" sha1="r30ozqooimv7yxdkji6t5crpzqylypn" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Ebonyi na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairun shekarar 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Sam Egwu]] ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Sam Egwu]] ya fito ne a matsayin ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar Gwamnan Jihar Ebonyi ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== PDP na farko ===
[[Sam Egwu]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 902,327. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 517,893, yayin da adadin kuri'un inganci ya kasance 505,862. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 12,031&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>r30ozqooimv7yxdkji6t5crpzqylypn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838743</id>
      <parentid>838742</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:55:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
        <id>23935</id>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Ebonyi na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairun shekarar 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Sam Egwu]] ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Sam Egwu]] ya fito ne a matsayin ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar Gwamnan Jihar Ebonyi ta amfani da tsarin jefa ƙuri'a.

== Zaɓen fidda gwani ==

=== PDP na farko ===
[[Sam Egwu]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 902,327. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 517,893, yayin da adadin kuri'un inganci ya kasance 505,862. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 12,031&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>7f9ewuwh6acbdzlzkavesp1bx1k33to</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>838744</id>
      <parentid>838743</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:56:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
        <id>23935</id>
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      <text bytes="2548" sha1="t9t37by6xrienmh63nj88rn0v26j0f7" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Ebonyi na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairun shekarar 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Sam Egwu]] ya lashe zaben, inda ya doke dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Sam Egwu]] ya fito ne a matsayin ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar Gwamnan Jihar Ebonyi ta amfani da tsarin jefa ƙuri'a.

== Zaɓen fidda gwani ==

=== PDP na farko ===
[[Sam Egwu]] ne ya lashe Zaɓen fidda gwani na PDP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa ƙuri'a a jihar ya kai 902,327. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 517,893, yayin da adadin ƙuri'un inganci ya kasance 505,862. Kayan ƙuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 12,031&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>t9t37by6xrienmh63nj88rn0v26j0f7</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>1999 Zaben gwamna na jihar Enugu</title>
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      <id>838720</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:43:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
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Zaɓen gwamna na jihar Enugu na 1999 ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun 1999. Dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ya lashe zaben, inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Enugu|Gwamnan Jihar Enugu]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==
[[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,466,472. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kai 845,320, yayin da adadin kuri'un kirki ya kai 842,415. Kotu da aka ƙi sun kasance 3,005&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838721</id>
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        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
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Zaɓen gwamna na jihar Enugu na shekarar 1999 ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ya lashe zaben, inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Enugu|Gwamnan Jihar Enugu]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==
[[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,466,472. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kai 845,320, yayin da adadin kuri'un kirki ya kai 842,415. Kotu da aka ƙi sun kasance 3,005&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838722</id>
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        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
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Zaɓen gwamna na jihar Enugu na shekarar 1999 ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ya lashe zaben, inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Enugu|Gwamnan Jihar Enugu]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaɓen fidda gwani ==
[[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,466,472. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kai 845,320, yayin da adadin kuri'un kirki ya kai 842,415. Kotu da aka ƙi sun kasance 3,005&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838723</id>
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Zaɓen gwamna na jihar Enugu na shekarar 1999 ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga watan Janairun 1999. Ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] [[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ya lashe zaben, inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Enugu|Gwamnan Jihar Enugu]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaɓen fidda gwani ==
[[Chimaroke Ogbonnia|Chimaroke Nnamani]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na PDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa ƙuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,466,472. Adadin ƙuri'un da aka jefa ya kai 845,320, yayin da adadin k'ƙuri'un ƙirƙir ya kai 842,415. Kotu da aka ƙi sun kasance 3,005&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <title>Zaben gwamna na Jihar Kogi na 1999</title>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Kogi na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Wanda aka zaɓa a [[All People's Party|APP]] [[Abubakar Audu]] ya lashe zaɓen, inda ya kayar da ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Abubakar Audu]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Kogi|Gwamnan Jihar Kogi]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== APP na farko ===
[[Abubakar Audu]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na APP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,265,442. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 974,892 yayin da adadin kuri'un inganci ya kasance 961,206. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 13,686.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Kogi na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Wanda aka zaɓa a [[All People's Party|APP]] [[Abubakar Audu]] ya lashe zaɓen, inda ya kayar da ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Abubakar Audu]] ya fito ne a matsayin ɗan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Kogi|Gwamnan Jihar Kogi]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa ƙuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== APP na farko ===
[[Abubakar Audu]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na APP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,265,442. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 974,892 yayin da adadin kuri'un inganci ya kasance 961,206. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 13,686.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''Zaɓen gwamna na Jihar Kogi na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Wanda aka zaɓa a [[All People's Party|APP]] [[Abubakar Audu]] ya lashe zaɓen, inda ya kayar da ɗan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Abubakar Audu]] ya fito ne a matsayin ɗan takarar [[All People's Party|APP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Kogi|Gwamnan Jihar Kogi]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa ƙuri'a.

== Zaɓen fidda gwani ==

=== APP na farko ===
[[Abubakar Audu]] ne ya lashe Zaɓen fidda gwani na APP . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa ƙuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,265,442. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 974,892 yayin da adadin ƙuri'un inganci ya kasance 961,206. Kayan ƙuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 13,686.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <title>Zaben gwamna na jihar Ogun na 1999</title>
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'''Zaben gwamna na jihar Ogun na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Dan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]] [[Olusegun Osoba]] ya lashe zaɓen inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Olusegun Osoba]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zabe ==
Ana zabar [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Ogun|Gwamnan Jihar Ogun]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaben fidda gwani ==

=== AD na farko ===
[[Olusegun Osoba]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na AD . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,592,502. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 403,260 yayin da adadin kuri'un inganci ya kasance 391,395. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 11,865.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Zaben gwamna na jihar Ogun na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Dan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]] [[Olusegun Osoba]] ya lashe zaɓen inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Olusegun Osoba]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Ogun|Gwamnan Jihar Ogun]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaɓen fidda gwani ==

=== AD na farko ===
[[Olusegun Osoba]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na AD . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa kuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,592,502. Adadin kuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 403,260 yayin da adadin kuri'un inganci ya kasance 391,395. Kayan kuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 11,865.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Zaben gwamna na jihar Ogun na 1999''' ya faru ne a Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1999. Dan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]] [[Olusegun Osoba]] ya lashe zaɓen inda ya kayar da dan takarar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 1999 |url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors1999.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigerian States |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-18 |title=1999 governors: Where are they now? |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/1999-governors-now/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Election Monitoring, 2,18 Feb 1999 |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Urgent_Action/apic_21899.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=www.africa.upenn.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Olusegun Osoba]] ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[Alliance for Democracy (Nijeriya)|AD]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220162904/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE8.1Egwu.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2020 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=EISA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-05-20 |title=PDF |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203164238/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01781.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2017 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=IFES}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin zaɓe ==
Ana zaɓar [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Ogun|Gwamnan Jihar Ogun]] ta amfani da tsarin jefa kuri'a.

== Zaɓen fidda gwani ==

=== AD na farko ===
[[Olusegun Osoba]] ne ya lashe Zaben fidda gwani na AD . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tracker |first=Nigerian |date=2021-03-22 |title=How First Set Of 1999 Governors Went To Political Oblivion |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/03/22/how-first-set-of-1999-governors-went-to-political-oblivion/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Nigerian Tracker |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sakamakon ==
Adadin masu jefa ƙuri'a a jihar ya kai 1,592,502. Adadin ƙuri'un da aka jefa ya kasance 403,260 yayin da adadin ƙuri'un inganci ya kasance 391,395. Kayan ƙuri'un da aka ƙi sun kasance 11,865.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Election results |url=http://www.geocities.ws/ndlf/elec.html |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=www.geocities.ws}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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Zaben gwamna na Jihar Ogun na 1991 ya faru ne a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1991. Dan takarar [[Jam'iyyar SDP|SDP]] [[Olusegun Osoba]] ya lashe zaben.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Shettima |first=Kole Ahmed |date=December 1995 |title=Engendering Nigeria's Third Republic |journal=African Studies |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=38 |pages=61–98 |jstor=524793}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria - The Third Republic |url=http://countrystudies.us/nigeria/76.htm |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=countrystudies.us}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Elections in Nigeria |url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng_governorship.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=africanelections.tripod.com }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Halin da ake yi ==
An gudanar da zaben gwamna ta amfani da tsarin zabe mai budewa. An gudanar da zaben fidda gwani ga jam'iyyun biyu don zabar masu ɗaukar tutar su a ranar 19 ga Oktoba, 1991.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How we politicked in the past, by veterans |url=https://dailytrust.com/how-we-politicked-in-the-past-by-veterans |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Daily Trust |language=en |archive-date=2021-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427235835/https://dailytrust.com/how-we-politicked-in-the-past-by-veterans |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=CONTRADICTING ITSELF An Undemocratic Transition Seeks To Bring Democracy Nearer |url=https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/pdfs/n/nigeria/nigeria924.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210080216/http://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/pdfs/n/nigeria/nigeria924.pdf |archive-date=February 10, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GOVERNORSHIP AND HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY ELECTIONS, DECEMBER 14, 1991 |url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/ce01273.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204145243/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/ce01273.pdf |archive-date=December 4, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Zaben ya faru ne a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1991. Dan takarar [[Jam'iyyar SDP|SDP]] [[Olusegun Osoba]] ya lashe zaben.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Refugees |first=United Nations High Commissioner for |title=Refworld {{!}} Nigeria: Corroboration of state assembly and gubernatorial election results for Lagos State, December 1991 |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6aae538.html |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=Refworld |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Taron Duniya</title>
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      <text bytes="6501" sha1="skdj4bz94ezgl77hzbavpd0u9rz2fa8" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}[[Fayil:Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg|thumb|Taron Duniya wani taron [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ne.]]
''''''taron''' [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]]{{Databox}}kan Muhalli da Ci Gaban''' ('''UNCED'''), wanda aka fi sani da Taron '''[[Rio de Janeiro]]''' ko '''Taron Duniya''' (Portuguese: ECO92, Cúpula da Terra), babban taron Majalisar Dinkinobho ne da aka gudanar a Rio de Janeiro daga 3 zuwa 14 Yuni 1992. 

Taron na Rio ya samu halartar shugabannin jihohi da gwamnati 108, kuma sun taimaka wajen kafawa da yada manufar Ci gaba mai ɗorewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rio-92 |url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/a-camara/documentos-e-pesquisa/arquivo/sites-tematicos/rio20/eco-92 |access-date=2025-11-11 |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Babban nasarar taron na 1992 shine kafa Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi (UNFCCC) wanda aka kafa a wani bangare a matsayin yarjejeniyar muhalli ta kasa da kasa don yaki da &quot;matsalolin mutum masu haɗari tare da tsarin yanayi&quot; da kuma daidaita yawan iskar gas a cikin yanayi. Jihohi 154 ne suka sanya hannu a taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Muhalli da Ci gaba (UNCED). Ya zuwa 2022, UNFCCC tana da jam'iyyu 198. Babban hukumar yanke shawara, Taron Jam'iyyun (COP) yana haɗuwa a kowace shekara don tantance ci gaba wajen magance canjin yanayi.

== Tarihi ==
Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 1972 kan Muhalli na Mutum ('''UNCHE''') ko '''Taron Stockholm''', shine taron farko na duniya don magance batutuwan muhalli. Ya faru ne a Stockholm, Sweden daga 5 zuwa 16 Yuni 1972.

An kirkiro taron koli na duniya a matsayin hanyar da [[Member state|jihohin membobin]] za su hada kai a duniya kan batutuwan ci gaba bayan [[Cold War|Yaƙin Cold]] . Saboda batutuwan da suka shafi [[Sustainability|dorewa]] sun yi yawa ga kasashe membobin su magance, an gudanar da taron koli na duniya a matsayin dandamali ga sauran kasashe membobinsu don yin hadin gwiwa.

== Batutuwan da aka tattauna ==
Batutuwan da aka tattauna sun hada da:

* Binciken tsarin tsarin samarwa - musamman samar da sinadarai masu guba, kamar gubar a cikin man fetur, ko sharar gida mai guba ciki har da sunadarai masu radiyo
* madadin hanyoyin samar da makamashi don maye gurbin amfani da man fetur wanda wakilan da ke da alaƙa da [[Canjin yanayi]] na duniya
* sabon dogaro da tsarin Sufuri na jama'a don rage hayakin motoci, cunkoso a birane da matsalolin kiwon lafiya da iska da hayaki suka haifar
* amfani mai girma da iyakancewar samar da ruwa
* muhimmancin kare tekuna na duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rio-92 |url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/a-camara/documentos-e-pesquisa/arquivo/sites-tematicos/rio20/eco-92 |access-date=2025-11-11 |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ci gaba ==
Wani muhimmin nasarorin taron shine yarjejeniya kan Yarjejeniyar Canjin Yanayi wanda hakan ya haifar da [[Yarjejeniyar Kyoto]] da Yarjejeniya ta Paris. Wani yarjejeniya shi ne &quot;ba don gudanar da wani aiki a kan ƙasashen 'yan asalin da zai haifar da lalacewar muhalli ba ko kuma hakan ba zai dace da al'ada ba.&quot;

An buɗe Yarjejeniyar kan Bambancin Halitta don sanya hannu a Taron Duniya kuma ya fara zuwa sake fasalin matakan da ba su ƙarfafa lalacewar yankunan halittu na halitta da abin da ake kira ci gaban rashin tattalin arziki ba. An fara gabatar da [[World Oceans Day|Ranar Tekun Duniya]] a wannan taron kuma an san ta tun daga lokacin.

Kodayake Shugaba George H. W. Bush ya sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Taron Duniya kan Yanayi, Mai Gudanar da EPA William K. Reilly ya yarda cewa burin Amurka a taron yana da wuyar tattaunawa kuma sakamakon duniya na hukumar sun haɗu, gami da gazawar Amurka don sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar da aka gabatar kan Bambancin Halitta. 

== Matasa ==
A wannan matakin, ba a san matasa a hukumance a cikin mulkin yanayi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rio-92 |url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/a-camara/documentos-e-pesquisa/arquivo/sites-tematicos/rio20/eco-92 |access-date=2025-11-11 |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kodayake ba a ba matasa takamaiman sanarwa ba, akwai babban taron matasa a UNCED.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rio-92 |url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/a-camara/documentos-e-pesquisa/arquivo/sites-tematicos/rio20/eco-92 |access-date=2025-11-11 |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt; Matasa sun shiga cikin tattaunawar Babi na 25 na Agenda 21 kan Yara &amp; Matasa a Ci Gaban Ci gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rio-92 |url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/a-camara/documentos-e-pesquisa/arquivo/sites-tematicos/rio20/eco-92 |access-date=2025-11-11 |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tare da UNCED, matasa sun shirya taron [[Youth '92|Matasa '92]] tare da shiga daga ko'ina cikin duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rio-92 |url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/a-camara/documentos-e-pesquisa/arquivo/sites-tematicos/rio20/eco-92 |access-date=2025-11-11 |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rio-92 |url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/a-camara/documentos-e-pesquisa/arquivo/sites-tematicos/rio20/eco-92 |access-date=2025-11-11 |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shirye-shiryen ya faru a baya, amma kuma daga baya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rio-92 |url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/a-camara/documentos-e-pesquisa/arquivo/sites-tematicos/rio20/eco-92 |access-date=2025-11-11 |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt; Matasa da yawa da suka halarci taron ba su gamsu da canjin ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rio-92 |url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/a-camara/documentos-e-pesquisa/arquivo/sites-tematicos/rio20/eco-92 |access-date=2025-11-11 |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Taron Duniya - jerin sauran taron kafin da bayan Rio 1992 (na farko a 1972) 
* Taswirar Duniya
* Maurice Strong
* [[Tsarin taka Tsantsan|Ka'idar kariya]]
* Taron Yankin kan Muhalli da Lafiya a kasashen Kudu maso Gabas da Gabashin Asiya
* [[Severn Cullis-Suzuki|Severn Suzuki]]
* Cibiyar Muhalli
* Tommy Koh - hanyar haɗi zuwa Shugaban Babban Kwamitin Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Muhalli da Ci gaba
* Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Muhalli na Dan Adam 1972
* [[Taron Canjin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] - taron koli na shekara-shekara da aka gudanar a cikin tsarin Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkinobho kan Canjin Yanayin (UNFCCC) 

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>1956 Hadarin jirgin kasa na Mahbubnagar</title>
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Hadarin jirgin kasa na Mahbubnagar na 1956 hadarin jirgin kasa ne a Jihar Hyderabad, Indiya a kan layin Secunderabad-[[Dhone|Dronachalam]] tsakanin Jadcherla da Mahbubnugar a ranar 2 ga Satumba 1956. Wani jirgin kasa ya fadi cikin kogi inda ya kashe akalla fasinjoji 125 bayan gada ta rushe sakamakon lalacewar ruwan sama.

A lokacin ne mafi munin hatsarin jirgin kasa da aka taba samu a Indiya kuma hadarin har yanzu yana cikin bala'in jirgin kasa mafi muni a Indiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 November 2016 |title=10 deadliest train accidents in India |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/world/south-asia/india/10-deadliest-train-accidents-india-1317709 |access-date=17 August 2023 |website=The Daily Star}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kasa da watanni bayan haka, irin wannan bala'i, hatsarin jirgin kasa na Ariyalur na 1956 a [[Tamil Nadu]], ya zama sabon bala'i na Indiya lokacin da wani jirgin ya fadi cikin Kogin Marudaiyaru, ya kashe fasinjoji sama da 150 lokacin da gada ta rushe bayan ruwan sama.

== Abin da ya faru ==
A lokacin ambaliyar Indiya ta 1956, a cikin dare na 2 ga Satumba 1956, wani gada mai tsawon mita 37 ya lalace sosai ta hanyar ambaliyar ruwa a Jihar Hyderabad, a kan layin Secunderabad-[[Dhone|Dronachalam]] tsakanin Jadcherla da Mahbubnagar kilomita 5 daga Mahbubnagar . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 September 1956 |title=Train accident between Jadcherla and Mehbubnagar. Lok Sabha Debates. Volume 6, 1956. Thirteenth Session, 1956. |url=https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/56023/1/lsd_01_13_03-09-1956.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404211147/https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/56023/1/lsd_01_13_03-09-1956.pdf |archive-date=4 April 2023 |access-date=30 April 2020 |publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi |pages=39, 102 |via=Digital Library, Lok Sabha, Parliament of India.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Government's Decision Re. Report of Mahbubnagar Railway Accident. Lok Sabha Debates. Second Series. Volume 1. 1957. |url=https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/1399/1/lsd_02_01_14-05-1957.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404204209/https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/1399/1/lsd_02_01_14-05-1957.pdf |archive-date=4 April 2023 |access-date=9 May 2020 |publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi |page=28 |via=Digital Library, Lok Sabha, Parliament of India.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan tsakar dare gadar ta rushe lokacin da jirgin kasa ya yi ƙoƙarin tsallaka gadar. Jirgin kasa da motoci biyu sun nutse cikin kogin da ya ambaliya. Wani karusa na uku tare da fasinjoji na biyu da na uku da kuma karusar gidan waya tare da masu rarraba wasiku sun kasance a rataye a kan gadar.

Akalla mutane 125 ne suka mutu a cikin bala'in. Mutane 22 ne kawai suka mutu daga cikin motocin biyu da ke cikin ruwa suka tsira. Wadanda abin ya shafa sun makale a cikin kekunan jirgin kasa kuma an jefa wasu cikin ruwa. An gano gawawwaki arba'in a cikin ruwa, har zuwa mil daya daga wurin. An kai gawarwaki zuwa [[Hyderabad]] don ganowa. Yawancin wadanda abin ya shafa sun fito ne daga Secunderabad ko Hyderabad.&lt;ref name=&quot;GN&quot; /&gt; Wasikar da jirgin ke ɗauka ta ɓace.&lt;ref name=&quot;PN&quot; /&gt;

== Sakamakon haka ==
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan hadarin, wani mazaunin yankin ya hau keke zuwa Mahbubnagar, hanyar mil 5 a kan hanyoyin laka. Ayyukan ceto sun kasance da wahala sosai a duk rana saboda ruwan sama mai yawa. Babban Ministan Jihar Hyderabad Burgula Ramakrishna Rao ya tafi nan da nan zuwa wurin hatsarin. Jami'an Central Railways sun zo wurin bala'in ta jirgin sama daga [[Mumbai|Bombay]]. Dangi na wadanda abin ya shafa sun zo da yawa zuwa Tashar Hyderabad da Tashar Secunderabad don samun bayanai game da danginsu.

Ministan jirgin kasa na Indiya Lal Bahadur Shastri ya so ya dauki alhakin siyasa saboda hadarin kuma ya ba da murabus dinsa ga Firayim Minista Jawaharlal Nehru, amma ya ki. Bayan hadarin jirgin kasa na Ariyalur na 1956 irin wannan hadarin kimanin watanni uku bayan haka, Shastri ya sake ba da murabus dinsa kuma an yarda da shi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NN: Lal Bahadur Shastri. &quot;I Am Responsible&quot; |url=http://www.freeindia.org/biographies/greatleaders/shastri/page17.htm |website=Free India |access-date=2025-07-27 |archive-date=2014-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203234111/http://www.freeindia.org/biographies/greatleaders/shastri/page17.htm |url-status=dead }}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 October 2019 |title=When Lal Bahadur Shastri sent Nehru his resignation &amp; set a gold standard for politicians |url=https://theprint.in/pageturner/excerpt/lal-bahadur-shastri-sent-nehru-his-resignation-set-gold-standard-for-politicians/304341/ |website=The Print}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bincike ==
Sakamakon rahoton binciken shi ne cewa jirgin kasa ne ke da alhakin hadarin. Ba daidai ba ne a sami gadoji biyu tare da haɗari wanda ma'aikaci ɗaya kawai ke kula da shi. Kusa da wannan an zargi injiniyoyin da ke da alhakin.

Saboda kwandon ruwa a ƙasa da rafin da kuma yawan yiwuwar hazo a lokacin ruwan sama, shawarar ita ce gina ƙarin rami a ƙarƙashin layin jirgin ƙasa.

== Manazarta ==
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    <title>'Yan Kasuwancin shakka (fim)</title>
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'''Merchants of Doubt''' fim ne na Amurka na 2014 wanda Robert Kenner ya jagoranta kuma littafin 2010 mai suna Naomi Oreskes da Erik M. Conway suka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Buder 2015-03-0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Buder |first=Emily |date=March 8, 2015 |title=Robert Kenner Exposes America's Lucrative Lies in 'Merchants of Doubt' |url=http://www.indiewire.com/article/robert-kenner-exposes-americas-lucrative-lies-in-merchants-of-doubt-20150308 |publisher=[[Indiewire]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Merchants of Doubt |url=http://sonyclassics.com/merchantsofdoubt/ |access-date=March 13, 2015 |publisher=Sony Pictures}} Film's official website.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;IMDB 2014&quot;&gt;{{IMDb title|3675568}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Documentary film|fim din]] ya gano amfani da dabarun hulɗa da jama'a waɗanda Masana'antar taba sigari ta kirkira don kare kasuwancin su daga bincike da ke nuna haɗarin kiwon lafiya daga shan sigari. Mafi shahararren waɗannan dabarun shine haɓaka masana kimiyya da sauransu waɗanda suka sami nasarar jefa shakku game da sakamakon kimiyya. Yin amfani da ƙwararren mai sihiri, fim ɗin yana bincika kwatankwacin tsakanin waɗannan dabarun da hanyoyin da masu sihiri ke amfani da su don janye hankalin masu sauraron su daga lura da yadda ake yin mafarki. Ga masana'antar taba, dabarun sun sami nasarar jinkirta tsarin gwamnati har sai da aka kafa Yarjejeniyar kimiyya game da haɗarin kiwon lafiya daga shan sigari. A matsayin misali na biyu, fim din ya bayyana yadda masana'antun masu hana wuta suka yi aiki don kare tallace-tallace bayan an ruwaito tasirin guba na masu hana wuta a cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya. Babban abin damuwa na fim din shine ci gaba da amfani da waɗannan dabarun don hana ayyukan gwamnati don tsara hayakin gas don mayar da martani ga haɗarin [[Canjin yanayi|Canjin yanayi na duniya]].&lt;ref name=&quot;tp01-2015-09-03&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Goldstein |first=Jessica |date=September 10, 2014 |title=Professional Deceivers: People Who Can Convince You A Garbage Man Knows More Science Than A NASA PhD |url=http://thinkprogress.org/culture/2014/09/10/3565769/merchants-of-doubt-director-deception-climate-change/ |website=[[ThinkProgress]]}} Interview with Kenner.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fitarwa ==

=== Batutuwan hira ===
Masu shirya fina-finai sun yi hira da mutane sama da goma sha biyu waɗanda suka shiga cikin rikice-rikice da suka fara daga tsarin kayayyakin taba zuwa [[Canjin yanayi]] na duniya. A cikin tsari da suka bayyana a cikin fim din, batutuwan hira sune:

* Stanton Glantz, farfesa a fannin kiwon lafiya kuma mai fafutuka don tsara shan taba. A shekara ta 1994, Glantz ya sami katako na takardu da aka kwafe daga bayanan kamfanin taba na Brown da Williamson wanda ya bayyana wayar da kan jama'a game da haɗarin lafiya na shan taba a farkon shekarun 1950.
* Sam Roe da Patricia Callahan, 'yan jarida a jaridar Chicago Tribune wadanda, a cikin 2012, sun fallasa &quot;masu sana'a da ke sanya lafiyar jama'a cikin haɗari ta hanyar ci gaba da amfani da masu hana wuta masu guba a cikin kayan gida da matattarar gida, suna haifar da kokarin sake fasalin a matakin jihar da na kasa. &quot; Callahan da Roe sun kasance masu karshe don Kyautar Pulitzer don Rahoton Bincike. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013 |title=2013 Pulitzer Prize Finalists |url=http://www.pulitzer.org/2013_investigative_reporting_finalist_1 |publisher=Columbia University |access-date=2025-07-27 |archive-date=2021-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630013414/https://www.pulitzer.org/2013_investigative_reporting_finalist_1 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* James Hansen, tsohon masanin kimiyya na NASA wanda shaidarsa ta 1988 game da canjin yanayi ga kwamitocin majalisa ya taimaka wajen wayar da kan jama'a game da dumamar duniya. Hansen ya zama fitaccen mai ba da shawara game da tsara hayakin gas.
* John Passacantando, tsohon babban darakta na [[Greenpeace]], kungiyar masu fafutukar kare muhalli.
* William O'Keefe, babban jami'in zartarwa na Cibiyar George C. Marshall,  kungiyar da ke adawa da ka'idojin gwamnati game da hayakin gas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--&gt; |date= |title=Articles tagged William O'Keefe |url=http://marshall.org/people/william-okeefe/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807012645/http://marshall.org/people/william-okeefe/ |archive-date=2017-08-07 |access-date=July 24, 2016 |website=George C. Marshall Institute |publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Fayil:Naomi_Oreskes_2nd_European_TA_conference_in_Berlin_2015_(cropped_to_collar).JPG|right|thumb|Naomi Oreskes (2015), co-marubucin littafin Merchants of Doubt''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yan Kasuwancin Shakka'']]
[[Fayil:S_Fred_Singer_2011.jpg|right|thumb|Fred Singer (2011), sanannen abokin adawar tsarin iskar gas]]

* Naomi Oreskes, farfesa a tarihin kimiyya, kuma marubucin littafin da ya yi wahayi zuwa fim din.
* Fred Singer, masanin kimiyyar lissafi da masanin kimiwyar muhalli wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Kimiyya da Manufofin Muhalli (SEPP) a cikin 1990 don yin aiki game da tsara iskar gas, da sauran batutuwa.
* Michael Shermer, marubuci kuma mai wallafa mujallar Skeptic . Shermer da farko ya kasance &quot;mai adawa&quot; game da ka'idojin hayaki na gas, amma ra'ayoyinsa sun canza yayin da shaidar kimiyya game da canjin yanayi ta ci gaba.
* Matthew Crawford, marubuci kuma tsohon darektan Cibiyar George C. Marshall. Crawford ya yi murabus saboda tasirin masu tallafawa Cibiyar wajen tantance ayyukan Cibiyar da matsayi.
* Marc Morano, mai fafutukar siyasa wanda ya buga shafin yanar gizon ƙin Yanayi na ClimateDepot tun shekara ta 2009. Don karfafa korafe-korafe ga masana kimiyya waɗanda ake kallon ayyukansu a matsayin tallafi kan aikin fitar da iskar gas, shafin yanar gizon yana buga adiresoshin su.
* Ben Santer, [[Michael E. Mann]], da [[Katharine Hayhoe]], masana kimiyya na yanayi waɗanda suka sami barazanar kansu saboda aikin su akan canjin yanayi na duniya.
* Tim Phillips, shugaban Amirkawa don wadata, wanda ke aiki a kan ka'idojin gwamnati game da canjin yanayi da sauran batutuwa.
* Bob Inglis, tsohon Wakilin Amurka na Gundumar majalisa ta 4 ta Kudancin Carolina wanda ya rasa kujerarsa a zaben fidda gwani bayan sanarwar da ya yi cewa ya canza ra'ayinsa kuma yanzu ya yi imanin cewa [[Canjin yanayi|Canjin yanayi na duniya]] matsala ce da gwamnati ta magance. Bayan ya rasa kujerarsa a Majalisa, Inglis ya fara aiki don samun tallafi don aiki don yaki da canjin yanayi na duniya a yankunan masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na Amurka.

=== Masanin sihiri na sana'a ===
Fim din ya saka sharhi da wasan kwaikwayon mai sihiri Jamy Ian Swiss. Maganar waɗannan interludes ita ce akwai kwatanci tsakanin dabarun masu sihiri masu sana'a da dabarun kungiyoyin hulɗa da jama'a: masu sihiri suna koyon yadda za su janye hankalin masu sauraron su daga lura da yaudarar da ke haifar da da dabarun su da mafarkai, yayin da kungiyoyin ke jan hankalin jama'a daga haɗarin da ke tattare da samfuran. Masana'antar taba sigari ta haɓaka waɗannan dabarun a cikin shekarun 1950 don mayar da martani ga binciken kimiyya wanda ke nuna cewa shan sigari babbar haɗarin kiwon lafiya ce, saboda binciken babbar barazana ce ga tallace-tallace na taba. Babban dabarar jan hankali ita ce amfani da mutane masu gamsarwa waɗanda ke da'awar cewa rashin tabbas game da haɗarin ya tabbatar da jinkirin ɗaukar mataki.

Wani bita da ba a sanya hannu ba a cikin The Boston Globe ya bayyana cewa: &quot;Don bayyana ma'anarsa a bayyane, Kenner ya bi aikin sihiri na Swiss da kuma zane-zane mai ban sha'awa tare da haɗuwa mai ban shaʼawa na masana daban-daban a tsawon shekaru suna musanta cewa sigari suna haifar da cutar kansa, ko kuma suna shelar cewa an 'an tsara asbestos don ƙarshe a rayuwa - matsala kyauta.' Sa'an nan kuma ana iya gujewa da masu musantawa a cikin New York suna yin amfani da wannan labarin, suna jin 'Yarwar nan' yankancin New York' yankanci suna yin amfani, suna motsawa a cikin wannan hoton nan kuma suna motsawa, suna motsa jiki, suna motsawar nan suna motsawa kamar New York suna motsawa' a cikin New suna motsawa da New York .

== Manazarta ==
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    <title>Microplastics</title>
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'''Microplastics''' sune &quot;ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙira ko matrix na polymer, tare da siffar yau da kullun ko mara kyau kuma tare da girman daga 1 μm zuwa 5 mm, na ko dai asalin masana'antu na farko ko na biyu, waɗanda ba za a iya warware su a cikin ruwa ba&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Microplastics: Finding a consensus&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Boctor |first=Joseph |date=2025 |title=Microplastics and nanoplastics: fate, transport, and governance from agricultural soil to food webs and humans |journal=Environmental Science Europe |volume=37 |issue=1 |bibcode=2025ESEur..37...68B |doi=10.1186/s12302-025-01104-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Microplastics suna haifar da [[Gurbatar yanayi|gurɓataccen yanayi]] ta hanyar shiga yanayin halitta daga tushe daban-daban, gami da [[Kwalliya|kayan shafawa]], [[tufafi]], gini, gyare-gyare, kayan kwalliya, da hanyoyin masana'antu.

Ana amfani da kalmar ''microplastics'' don rarrabewa daga mafi girma, [[Gurbacewar Robobi|Sharar]] [[Plastic|filastik]] ba microscopic ba. A halin yanzu an gane rarrabuwa biyu na microplastics. Microplastics na farko sun haɗa da duk wani sashi na filastik ko barbashi wanda ya riga ya zama 5.0 mm a girman ko ƙasa kafin shiga cikin [[Yanayi na halitta|muhalli]]. Wadannan sun hada da microfibers daga tufafi, [[microbeads]], [[glitter]] na filastik &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Green |first=Dannielle Senga |last2=Jefferson |first2=Megan |last3=Boots |first3=Bas |last4=Stone |first4=Leon |date=January 2021 |title=All that glitters is litter? Ecological impacts of conventional versus biodegradable glitter in a freshwater habitat |journal=Journal of Hazardous Materials |volume=402 |bibcode=2021JHzM..40224070G |doi=10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124070 |pmid=33254837}}&lt;/ref&gt; da pellets na filastic (wanda aka fi sani da nurdles). &lt;ref name=&quot;Cole-20132&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Cole |first=M |last2=Lindeque |first2=P |last3=Fileman |first3=E |last4=Halsband |first4=C |last5=Goodhead |first5=R |last6=Moger |first6=J |last7=Galloway |first7=TS |year=2013 |title=Microplastic Ingestion by Zooplankton |url=http://plymsea.ac.uk/id/eprint/5461/1/Cole%20et%20al.pdf |journal=Environmental Science &amp; Technology |volume=47 |issue=12 |pages=6646–6655 |bibcode=2013EnST...47.6646C |doi=10.1021/es400663f |pmid=23692270 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Where Does Marine Litter Come From? |url=https://www.marinelitterthefacts.com/sources |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518161039/https://www.marinelitterthefacts.com/sources |archive-date=18 May 2021 |access-date=25 September 2018 |website=Marine Litter Facts |publisher=British Plastics Federation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Microplastics na biyu ya taso ne daga lalacewa (rugujewa) na manyan kayayyakin filastik ta hanyar hanyoyin yanayi na halitta bayan shiga cikin muhalli. Irin waɗannan tushen microplastics na biyu sun haɗa da kwalabe na ruwa da soda, tarun kamun kifi, jaka na filastik, [[akwati|kwantena]] na microwave, jaka na shayi da lalacewar taya.  .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kovochich |first=M |last2=Liong |first2=M |last3=Parker |first3=JA |last4=Oh |first4=SC |last5=Lee |first5=JP |last6=Xi |first6=L |last7=Kreider |first7=ML |last8=Unice |first8=KM |date=February 2021 |title=Chemical mapping of tire and road wear particles for single particle analysis |journal=Science of the Total Environment |volume=757 |bibcode=2021ScTEn.75744085K |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144085 |pmid=33333431 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Boucher-2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Conkle-2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Conkle |first=Jeremy L. |last2=Báez Del Valle |first2=Christian D. |last3=Turner |first3=Jeffrey W. |year=2018 |title=Are We Underestimating Microplastic Contamination in Aquatic Environments? |journal=Environmental Management |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |bibcode=2018EnMan..61....1C |doi=10.1007/s00267-017-0947-8 |pmid=29043380}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 July 2019 |title=Plastic free July: How to stop accidentally consuming plastic particles from packaging |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/environment/114132313/plastic-free-july-how-to-stop-accidentally-consuming-plastic-particles-from-packaging |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104233257/https://www.stuff.co.nz/environment/114132313/plastic-free-july-how-to-stop-accidentally-consuming-plastic-particles-from-packaging |archive-date=4 November 2021 |access-date=13 April 2021 |website=Stuff |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dukkanin nau'ikan biyu an gane su da ci gaba a cikin muhalli a manyan matakan, musamman a cikin yanayin ruwa da na ruwa, inda suke haifar da gurɓataccen ruwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;European Investment Bank&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Development solutions: Building a better ocean |url=https://www.eib.org/en/essays/plastic-pollution |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021115556/https://www.eib.org/en/essays/plastic-pollution |archive-date=21 October 2021 |access-date=19 August 2020 |website=European Investment Bank}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.heatsign.com/dpm-direct-part-marking-applications/ direct part marking]&lt;/ref&gt;

Kimanin kashi 35% na dukkan microplastics na teku sun fito ne daga masana'antu / tufafi, da farko saboda lalacewar polyester, acrylic, ko tufafin nailan, sau da yawa yayin aikin wankewa. Microplastics kuma suna tarawa a cikin iska da yanayin ƙasa. An gano microplastics na iska a cikin yanayi, da kuma cikin gida da waje. 

Because plastics degrade slowly (often over hundreds to thousands of years),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Chamas |first=Ali |last2=Moon |first2=Hyunjin |last3=Zheng |first3=Jiajia |last4=Qiu |first4=Yang |last5=Tabassum |first5=Tarnuma |last6=Jang |first6=Jun Hee |last7=Abu-Omar |first7=Mahdi |last8=Scott |first8=Susannah L. |last9=Suh |first9=Sangwon |author-link9=Sangwon Suh |year=2020 |title=Degradation Rates of Plastics in the Environment |journal=ACS Sustainable Chemistry &amp; Engineering |volume=8 |issue=9 |pages=3494–3511 |doi=10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b06635 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; microplastics have a high probability of ingestion, incorporation into, and [[Haɗuwa da kwayoyin halitta|accumulation]] in the bodies and tissues of many organisms. The toxic [[Abubuwan sunadarai|chemicals]] that come from both the ocean and runoff can also biomagnify up the food chain. In terrestrial ecosystems, microplastics have been demonstrated to reduce the viability of [[Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa)|soil]] ecosystems.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Why food's plastic problem is bigger than we realise |url=https://www.bbc.com/future/bespoke/follow-the-food/why-foods-plastic-problem-is-bigger-than-we-realise.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118053742/https://www.bbc.com/future/bespoke/follow-the-food/why-foods-plastic-problem-is-bigger-than-we-realise.html |archive-date=18 November 2021 |access-date=27 March 2021 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; As of 2023, the cycle and movement of microplastics in the environment was not fully known. Microplastics in surface sample ocean surveys might have been underestimated as deep layer ocean sediment surveys in China found that plastics are present in deposition layers far older than the invention of plastics.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2025}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

Microplastics na iya lalacewa zuwa ƙananan nanoplastics ta hanyar hanyoyin sinadarai, rushewar inji, har ma da hanyoyin narkewar dabbobi. Nanoplastics wani sashi ne na microplastics kuma sun fi karami fiye da 1 μm (1 micrometer ko 1000 nm). Nanoplastics ba za a iya gani da ido na mutum ba.&amp;nbsp;

== Rarraba ==
[[Fayil:Microplastic_sample.jpg|thumb|Samfurori na microstic.]]
[[Fayil:Snap-40.jpg|thumb|Fiber na Microplastic da aka gano a cikin yanayin ruwa.]]
[[Fayil:Photodegraded_Plastic_Bag.jpg|thumb|Hoton fatar filastik mai laushi kusa da hanyar tafiya a cikin kusan 2,000 guda na 1 zuwa 25 mm bayan watanni uku na waje.]]
Kalmar &quot;microplastics&quot; an gabatar da ita ne a shekara ta 2004 ta hanyar Farfesa Richard Thompson, masanin ilimin halittu na ruwa a Jami'ar Plymouth a Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=Andrea |title=Earth Has a Hidden Plastic Problem – Scientists Are Hunting It Down |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/microplastics-earth-has-a-hidden-plastic-problem-mdash-scientists-are-hunting-it-down/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231021904/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/microplastics-earth-has-a-hidden-plastic-problem-mdash-scientists-are-hunting-it-down/ |archive-date=31 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=Scientific American}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 November 2017 |title=To Save the Oceans, Should You Give Up Glitter? |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/11/glitter-plastics-ocean-pollution-environment-spd/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102120052/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/11/glitter-plastics-ocean-pollution-environment-spd/ |archive-date=2 January 2020 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=National Geographic News}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 July 2014 |title=Microplastic waste: This massive (tiny) threat to sea life is now in every ocean |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/microplastic-waste-this-massive-tiny-threat-to-sea-life-is-now-in-every-ocean-9602430.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220514/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/microplastic-waste-this-massive-tiny-threat-to-sea-life-is-now-in-every-ocean-9602430.html |archive-date=14 May 2022 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=The Independent}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Microplastics: Finding a consensus&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Boctor |first=Joseph |date=2025 |title=Microplastics and nanoplastics: fate, transport, and governance from agricultural soil to food webs and humans |journal=Environmental Science Europe |volume=37 |issue=1 |bibcode=2025ESEur..37...68B |doi=10.1186/s12302-025-01104-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFBoctor2025&quot;&gt;Boctor, Joseph (2025). [[doi:10.1186/s12302-025-01104-x|&quot;Microplastics and nanoplastics: fate, transport, and governance from agricultural soil to food webs and humans&quot;]]. ''Environmental Science Europe''. '''37''' (1) 68. [[Bibcode (identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025ESEur..37...68B 2025ESEur..37...68B]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:&lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-free&quot; title=&quot;Freely accessible&quot;&gt;[[doi:10.1186/s12302-025-01104-x|10.1186/s12302-025-01104-x]]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Microplastics sun zama ruwan dare a duniyarmu a yau. A cikin shekara ta 2014, an kiyasta cewa akwai tsakanin tiriliyan 15 zuwa 51 na microplastic a cikin tekun duniya, wanda aka kiyasta ya auna tsakanin 93,000 da 236,000 tan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ioakeimidis |first=C |last2=Fotopoulou |first2=KN |last3=Karapanagioti |first3=HK |last4=Geraga |first4=M |last5=Zeri |first5=C |last6=Papathanassiou |first6=E |last7=Galgani |first7=F |last8=Papatheodorou |first8=G |year=2016 |title=The degradation potential of PET bottles in the marine environment: An ATR-FTIR based approach |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |issue=1 |page=23501 |bibcode=2016NatSR...623501I |doi=10.1038/srep23501 |pmc=4802224 |pmid=27000994}}&lt;/ref&gt;  A karkashin tasirin hasken rana, iska, raƙuman ruwa da sauran dalilai, filastik ya lalace zuwa ƙananan raguwa da aka sani da microplastics, ko ma nanoplastics.

=== Microplastics na farko ===
[[Fayil:Mikroplastasarp.jpg|thumb|Microspherules na polyethylene a cikin maganin hakora.]]
[[Fayil:Football_field_microplastics.jpg|thumb|a) Filin kwallon kafa na wucin gadi tare da roba na ƙasa (GTR) da aka yi amfani da shi don cushioning. b) Microplastics daga wannan filin, wanda ruwan sama ya wanke, wanda aka samo a cikin yanayi kusa da rafi.]]

== Manazarta ==
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'''Microplastics''' sune &quot;ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙira ko matrix na polymer, tare da siffar yau da kullun ko mara kyau kuma tare da girman daga 1 μm zuwa 5 mm, na ko dai asalin masana'antu na farko ko na biyu, waɗanda ba za a iya warware su a cikin ruwa ba&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Microplastics: Finding a consensus&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Boctor |first=Joseph |date=2025 |title=Microplastics and nanoplastics: fate, transport, and governance from agricultural soil to food webs and humans |journal=Environmental Science Europe |volume=37 |issue=1 |bibcode=2025ESEur..37...68B |doi=10.1186/s12302-025-01104-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Microplastics suna haifar da [[Gurbatar yanayi|gurɓataccen yanayi]] ta hanyar shiga yanayin halitta daga tushe daban-daban, gami da [[Kwalliya|kayan shafawa]], [[tufafi]], gini, gyare-gyare, kayan kwalliya, da hanyoyin masana'antu.

Ana amfani da kalmar ''microplastics'' don rarrabewa daga mafi girma, [[Gurbacewar Robobi|Sharar]] [[Plastic|filastik]] ba microscopic ba. A halin yanzu an gane rarrabuwa biyu na microplastics. Microplastics na farko sun haɗa da duk wani sashi na filastik ko barbashi wanda ya riga ya zama 5.0 mm a girman ko ƙasa kafin shiga cikin [[Yanayi na halitta|muhalli]]. Wadannan sun hada da microfibers daga tufafi, [[microbeads]], [[glitter]] na filastik &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Green |first=Dannielle Senga |last2=Jefferson |first2=Megan |last3=Boots |first3=Bas |last4=Stone |first4=Leon |date=January 2021 |title=All that glitters is litter? Ecological impacts of conventional versus biodegradable glitter in a freshwater habitat |journal=Journal of Hazardous Materials |volume=402 |bibcode=2021JHzM..40224070G |doi=10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124070 |pmid=33254837}}&lt;/ref&gt; da pellets na filastic (wanda aka fi sani da nurdles). &lt;ref name=&quot;Cole-20132&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Cole |first=M |last2=Lindeque |first2=P |last3=Fileman |first3=E |last4=Halsband |first4=C |last5=Goodhead |first5=R |last6=Moger |first6=J |last7=Galloway |first7=TS |year=2013 |title=Microplastic Ingestion by Zooplankton |url=http://plymsea.ac.uk/id/eprint/5461/1/Cole%20et%20al.pdf |journal=Environmental Science &amp; Technology |volume=47 |issue=12 |pages=6646–6655 |bibcode=2013EnST...47.6646C |doi=10.1021/es400663f |pmid=23692270 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Where Does Marine Litter Come From? |url=https://www.marinelitterthefacts.com/sources |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518161039/https://www.marinelitterthefacts.com/sources |archive-date=18 May 2021 |access-date=25 September 2018 |website=Marine Litter Facts |publisher=British Plastics Federation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Microplastics na biyu ya taso ne daga lalacewa (rugujewa) na manyan kayayyakin filastik ta hanyar hanyoyin yanayi na halitta bayan shiga cikin muhalli. Irin waɗannan tushen microplastics na biyu sun haɗa da kwalabe na ruwa da soda, tarun kamun kifi, jaka na filastik, [[akwati|kwantena]] na microwave, jaka na shayi da lalacewar taya.  .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kovochich |first=M |last2=Liong |first2=M |last3=Parker |first3=JA |last4=Oh |first4=SC |last5=Lee |first5=JP |last6=Xi |first6=L |last7=Kreider |first7=ML |last8=Unice |first8=KM |date=February 2021 |title=Chemical mapping of tire and road wear particles for single particle analysis |journal=Science of the Total Environment |volume=757 |bibcode=2021ScTEn.75744085K |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144085 |pmid=33333431 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Boucher-2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Conkle-2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Conkle |first=Jeremy L. |last2=Báez Del Valle |first2=Christian D. |last3=Turner |first3=Jeffrey W. |year=2018 |title=Are We Underestimating Microplastic Contamination in Aquatic Environments? |journal=Environmental Management |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |bibcode=2018EnMan..61....1C |doi=10.1007/s00267-017-0947-8 |pmid=29043380}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 July 2019 |title=Plastic free July: How to stop accidentally consuming plastic particles from packaging |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/environment/114132313/plastic-free-july-how-to-stop-accidentally-consuming-plastic-particles-from-packaging |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104233257/https://www.stuff.co.nz/environment/114132313/plastic-free-july-how-to-stop-accidentally-consuming-plastic-particles-from-packaging |archive-date=4 November 2021 |access-date=13 April 2021 |website=Stuff |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dukkanin nau'ikan biyu an gane su da ci gaba a cikin muhalli a manyan matakan, musamman a cikin yanayin ruwa da na ruwa, inda suke haifar da gurɓataccen ruwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;European Investment Bank&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Development solutions: Building a better ocean |url=https://www.eib.org/en/essays/plastic-pollution |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021115556/https://www.eib.org/en/essays/plastic-pollution |archive-date=21 October 2021 |access-date=19 August 2020 |website=European Investment Bank}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kimanin kashi 35% na dukkan microplastics na teku sun fito ne daga masana'antu / tufafi, da farko saboda lalacewar polyester, acrylic, ko tufafin nailan, sau da yawa yayin aikin wankewa. Microplastics kuma suna tarawa a cikin iska da yanayin ƙasa. An gano microplastics na iska a cikin yanayi, da kuma cikin gida da waje. 

Because plastics degrade slowly (often over hundreds to thousands of years),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Chamas |first=Ali |last2=Moon |first2=Hyunjin |last3=Zheng |first3=Jiajia |last4=Qiu |first4=Yang |last5=Tabassum |first5=Tarnuma |last6=Jang |first6=Jun Hee |last7=Abu-Omar |first7=Mahdi |last8=Scott |first8=Susannah L. |last9=Suh |first9=Sangwon |author-link9=Sangwon Suh |year=2020 |title=Degradation Rates of Plastics in the Environment |journal=ACS Sustainable Chemistry &amp; Engineering |volume=8 |issue=9 |pages=3494–3511 |doi=10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b06635 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; microplastics have a high probability of ingestion, incorporation into, and [[Haɗuwa da kwayoyin halitta|accumulation]] in the bodies and tissues of many organisms. The toxic [[Abubuwan sunadarai|chemicals]] that come from both the ocean and runoff can also biomagnify up the food chain. In terrestrial ecosystems, microplastics have been demonstrated to reduce the viability of [[Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa)|soil]] ecosystems.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Why food's plastic problem is bigger than we realise |url=https://www.bbc.com/future/bespoke/follow-the-food/why-foods-plastic-problem-is-bigger-than-we-realise.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118053742/https://www.bbc.com/future/bespoke/follow-the-food/why-foods-plastic-problem-is-bigger-than-we-realise.html |archive-date=18 November 2021 |access-date=27 March 2021 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; As of 2023, the cycle and movement of microplastics in the environment was not fully known. Microplastics in surface sample ocean surveys might have been underestimated as deep layer ocean sediment surveys in China found that plastics are present in deposition layers far older than the invention of plastics.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2025}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

Microplastics na iya lalacewa zuwa ƙananan nanoplastics ta hanyar hanyoyin sinadarai, rushewar inji, har ma da hanyoyin narkewar dabbobi. Nanoplastics wani sashi ne na microplastics kuma sun fi karami fiye da 1 μm (1 micrometer ko 1000 nm). Nanoplastics ba za a iya gani da ido na mutum ba.&amp;nbsp;

== Rarraba ==
[[Fayil:Microplastic_sample.jpg|thumb|Samfurori na microstic.]]
[[Fayil:Snap-40.jpg|thumb|Fiber na Microplastic da aka gano a cikin yanayin ruwa.]]
[[Fayil:Photodegraded_Plastic_Bag.jpg|thumb|Hoton fatar filastik mai laushi kusa da hanyar tafiya a cikin kusan 2,000 guda na 1 zuwa 25 mm bayan watanni uku na waje.]]
Kalmar &quot;microplastics&quot; an gabatar da ita ne a shekara ta 2004 ta hanyar Farfesa Richard Thompson, masanin ilimin halittu na ruwa a Jami'ar Plymouth a Ingila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=Andrea |title=Earth Has a Hidden Plastic Problem – Scientists Are Hunting It Down |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/microplastics-earth-has-a-hidden-plastic-problem-mdash-scientists-are-hunting-it-down/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231021904/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/microplastics-earth-has-a-hidden-plastic-problem-mdash-scientists-are-hunting-it-down/ |archive-date=31 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=Scientific American}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 November 2017 |title=To Save the Oceans, Should You Give Up Glitter? |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/11/glitter-plastics-ocean-pollution-environment-spd/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102120052/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/11/glitter-plastics-ocean-pollution-environment-spd/ |archive-date=2 January 2020 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=National Geographic News}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 July 2014 |title=Microplastic waste: This massive (tiny) threat to sea life is now in every ocean |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/microplastic-waste-this-massive-tiny-threat-to-sea-life-is-now-in-every-ocean-9602430.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220514/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/microplastic-waste-this-massive-tiny-threat-to-sea-life-is-now-in-every-ocean-9602430.html |archive-date=14 May 2022 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=The Independent}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Microplastics: Finding a consensus&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Boctor |first=Joseph |date=2025 |title=Microplastics and nanoplastics: fate, transport, and governance from agricultural soil to food webs and humans |journal=Environmental Science Europe |volume=37 |issue=1 |bibcode=2025ESEur..37...68B |doi=10.1186/s12302-025-01104-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFBoctor2025&quot;&gt;Boctor, Joseph (2025). [[doi:10.1186/s12302-025-01104-x|&quot;Microplastics and nanoplastics: fate, transport, and governance from agricultural soil to food webs and humans&quot;]]. ''Environmental Science Europe''. '''37''' (1) 68. [[Bibcode (identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025ESEur..37...68B 2025ESEur..37...68B]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:&lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-free&quot; title=&quot;Freely accessible&quot;&gt;[[doi:10.1186/s12302-025-01104-x|10.1186/s12302-025-01104-x]]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Microplastics sun zama ruwan dare a duniyarmu a yau. A cikin shekara ta 2014, an kiyasta cewa akwai tsakanin tiriliyan 15 zuwa 51 na microplastic a cikin tekun duniya, wanda aka kiyasta ya auna tsakanin 93,000 da 236,000 tan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ioakeimidis |first=C |last2=Fotopoulou |first2=KN |last3=Karapanagioti |first3=HK |last4=Geraga |first4=M |last5=Zeri |first5=C |last6=Papathanassiou |first6=E |last7=Galgani |first7=F |last8=Papatheodorou |first8=G |year=2016 |title=The degradation potential of PET bottles in the marine environment: An ATR-FTIR based approach |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |issue=1 |page=23501 |bibcode=2016NatSR...623501I |doi=10.1038/srep23501 |pmc=4802224 |pmid=27000994}}&lt;/ref&gt;  A karkashin tasirin hasken rana, iska, raƙuman ruwa da sauran dalilai, filastik ya lalace zuwa ƙananan raguwa da aka sani da microplastics, ko ma nanoplastics.

=== Microplastics na farko ===
[[Fayil:Mikroplastasarp.jpg|thumb|Microspherules na polyethylene a cikin maganin hakora.]]
[[Fayil:Football_field_microplastics.jpg|thumb|a) Filin kwallon kafa na wucin gadi tare da roba na ƙasa (GTR) da aka yi amfani da shi don cushioning. b) Microplastics daga wannan filin, wanda ruwan sama ya wanke, wanda aka samo a cikin yanayi kusa da rafi.]]

== Manazarta ==
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    <title>Ƴan Afirka a Guangzhou</title>
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'''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yan Afirka mazauna Guangzhou''' ' [[Shige da fice daga Afirka|yan cirani ne 'yan Afirka]] da Sinawa 'yan Afirka mazauna [[Guangzhou]] na [[Sin|kasar Sin]] .

Tun daga karshen shekarun 1990s, an samu kwararar dubban 'yan kasuwa da 'yan kasuwa na Afirka, wadanda galibinsu daga [[Afirka ta Yamma]], suka isa birnin Guangzhou, suka kafa al'ummar Afirka a tsakiyar babban birnin kasar Sin. 

Tun daga shekarar 2014, al'ummar Afirka na birnin ya ragu matuka saboda tsauraran matakan shige da fice da hukumomin kasar Sin suka yi da kuma matsin tattalin arziki a kasashen gida, ciki har da faduwar darajar [[Naira|Naira Najeriya]] da [[Kwanza ta Agolan|kwanza na Angola]] .    

== Yawan jama'a ==
[[Fayil:African_area,_Guangzhou_-_01.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Ƙarshen kudancin Baohan Straight Street, gundumar Dengfeng, gundumar Yuexiu, Guangzhou]]
[[Fayil:African_area,_Guangzhou_-_02.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Wasu 'yan Afirka da aka gani a Guangzhou, 2014]]
Kiyasin adadin 'yan Afirka a Guangzhou yana da wahala saboda yanayin tafi-da-gidanka da riko na al'umma. Yawancin masu shigowa baƙi ne na ɗan gajeren lokaci da ke yin kasuwanci, wanda zai iya haifar da haɓakar hasashe na yawan mazauna. Misali, alkaluman hukuma sun yi rikodin bakin haure 430,000 da 'yan Afirka na Afirka a wuraren binciken birni a cikin watanni tara na farkon 2014 - adadi wanda ya haɗa da maimaita shigarwar kuma ba sa nuna zama na dogon lokaci.

Dangane da damuwar jama'a a lokacin barkewar cutar Ebola a shekarar 2014, hukumomin Guangzhou sun bayyana cewa, kusan 'yan Afirka 16,000, ciki har da 'yan Afirka ta Arewa, ke zaune a birnin. Daga cikin waɗannan, kusan 4,000 ne kawai aka ɗauki matsayin mazaunin dogon lokaci, waɗanda aka ayyana a matsayin waɗanda suka zauna sama da watanni shida.  

Wani rahoto na shekarar 2020 ya kiyasta cewa 'yan Afirka 500,000 ne ke zaune a kasar Sin, yayin da kusan 100,000 ke zaune a Guangzhou kadai. &lt;ref name=&quot;Adams&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Adams |first=Bodomo |date=May 5, 2020 |title=Historical and contemporary perspectives on inequalities and well-being of Africans in China |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14631369.2020.1761246 |journal=Asian Ethnicity |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=526–541 |doi=10.1080/14631369.2020.1761246}}&lt;/ref&gt; Masanin Adams Bodomo a baya ya kiyasta sama da 'yan Afirka 500,000 a China a cikin 2012,  ko da yake alkaluman nasa, dangane da aikin fage, an soki shi da wuce gona da iri saboda motsin al'umma. 

Bayan 2014, ƙididdigar yawan jama'a ta fara raguwa. Wani labarin na 2014 a cikin ''This Is Africa'' ya bayyana tsauraran matakan tilasta shige da fice da kuma batun musayar kudi a matsayin dalilan raguwar.   A cikin 2016, [[CNN]] ta ba da rahoton cewa dubban bakin haure na Afirka sun bar Guangzhou a cikin watanni 18 da suka gabata.  A farkon 2017, bayanan hukuma sun nuna cewa adadin mazauna Afirka ya ragu zuwa 10,344.  A cewar Ofishin Tsaron Jama'a na Guangzhou, adadin ya ragu zuwa 4,553 nan da shekarar 2020.  Mai bincike Roberto Castillo ya danganta wannan yanayin a wani bangare na cutar ta COVID-19 da kuma tsauraran matakan tilasta masu wuce gona da iri. 

Ya zuwa shekarar 2024, an ba da rahoton cewa, al'ummar Afirka a Guangzhou sun koma kan matakan da suka dace kafin barkewar cutar. An danganta wannan murmurewa da sake bude iyakokin kasar Sin, da sabunta ayyukan kasuwanci, da kuma saukaka matakan kula da shige da fice na zamani. 

Daga cikin 'yan kasashen Afirka a Guangzhou, manyan kungiyoyi sun fito ne daga [[Najeriya]] da [[Mali]] . 'Yan Najeriya, galibi 'yan kabilar [[Inyamurai|Igbo]] ne, su ne mafi yawan jama'a gaba daya, yayin da 'yan Mali ke wakiltar wani kaso mai tsoka na mazauna yankin.  &lt;ref name=&quot;overstay&quot; /&gt;  Sauran sanannun al'ummomi sun hada da 'yan gudun hijira daga [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], [[Ghana]], da [[Senegal]], tare da 'yan ɗaruruwan mutane daga kowace ƙasa da aka yi wa rajista da ƙungiyoyin jama'a tun daga 2014. 

== Unguwannin ==
Akwai manyan yankuna guda biyu da 'yan Afirka ke zama da kasuwanci a Guangzhou: Xiaobei da Guangyuanxi, dukkansu yankuna a gundumar Yuexiu da ke tsakiyar kasar. 

Yankin Xiaobei yana kusa da tashar Xiaobei kuma gida ne ga tituna da dama da ke cin abinci ga mazauna Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Tun da yake yankin ya kasance gida ne ga al'ummar musulmi daga Ningxia da Xinjiang, yawancin baƙi 'yan Afirka, waɗanda kusan rabinsu Musulmai ne, sun taru a kusa da wani yanki na gari musamman saboda sauƙin samun abincin halal . Saboda tarihin unguwar an sami 'yan Afirka Musulmai 'yan Afirka fiye da Kiristocin Afirka a Xiaobei. Cibiyar jijiya ta yankin ita ce titin Baohan Straight Street inda akwai shaguna da gidajen cin abinci na Afirka. An gyara titin a shekarar 2015 kuma da yawa daga cikin barayin sun tashi ko kafa shaguna.

Kimanin {{Convert|2|mi|km|0}} daga Xiaobei kuma arewacin tashar jirgin kasa ta Guangzhou Guangyuanxi ne, yankin da ya fi dacewa da kasuwanci tare da kasancewar [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]] na Najeriya.  Wurin yana cike da manyan ƴan kasuwa masu sayar da takalma, tufafi, da sauran kayayyaki. &lt;ref name=&quot;neighborhoods&quot; /&gt; Kasuwancin kasuwancin suna cikin manyan gine-gine da ake kira Tong Tong Trade Mart, Tian'en Clothing Market, Ginin Tangqi, Kasuwar Kan'ana, da Ginin Ying Fu. Tun da tsauraran matakan tilasta shige da fice a lokacin rani na 2013, wannan yanki ya zama marar barci fiye da da. &lt;ref name=&quot;neighborhoods&quot; /&gt;

==Tarihi==
===Shekarun 1990 da 2000===
Tun lokacin da tattalin arzikin kasar Sin ya fara habaka a shekarun 1990, dubban Afirkawa suka yi hijira zuwa kasar; yawancin waɗanda suka tafi sun fito ne daga Yammacin Afirka.&lt;ref name=&quot;star&quot;/&gt; Yawancin Afirkawa sun bar Indonesia da Thailand suka nufi Guangzhou bayan rikicin kudi na Asiya a shekarar 1997, inda damar kasuwanci ta jawo karin mutane.&lt;ref name=MarshAfro/&gt;

A Guangzhou, yawancin Afirkawa na harkokin kasuwanci ne, suna ziyarta ko zama a birnin saboda kasuwannin sayar da kayayyaki da ke samun kayayyaki daga masana'antu kusa. A shekarun 2000, yawan Afirkawan da ke zaune a birnin ya karu cikin gaggawa, inda rahoton labarai na 2008 ya bayyana cewa yawan mutanen Afirka ya karu da kashi 30% zuwa 40% a shekara.&lt;ref name=&quot;star&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url= http://reuters.com/article/idUKTRE57K27U20090821 |title= Out of Africa and into China, immigrants struggle |first=James |last=Pomfret |publisher=Reuters |date=21 August 2009 |access-date=31 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;MarshAfro&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=Marsh, Jenni |url=http://scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/article/1521076/afro-chinese-marriages-boom-guangzhou-will-it-be-til-death |title=Afro-Chinese marriages boom in Guangzhou: but will it be 'til death do us part'? |work=South China Morning Post |date=2014-07-02 |access-date=2020-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215054147/https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/article/1521076/afro-chinese-marriages-boom-guangzhou-will-it-be-til-death |archive-date=2020-02-15 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tun daga shekarar 2004, hukumomin 'yan sanda a Guangzhou da wasu yankunan kasar Sin sun kara mayar da hankali kan dakile shigowa ba bisa ka’ida ba. A shekarar 2003, an gudanar da yakin neman kawar da baƙi marasa takardu a Guangdong da wasu wurare, kuma daga shekarar 2008, 'yan sanda sun kaddamar da jerin kamfe na “guguwa” domin kama masu wuce wa da izinin zama a lardin.&lt;ref name=&quot;Nomos&quot;/&gt;{{rp|155–160}} A Guangzhou, wata doka ta cikin gida da aka kafa a 2004 ta karfafa mazauna gari su rika bayar da rahoton wadanda ake zargin sun shigo ba bisa ka’ida ba, inda ake ba da lada na CNY 100 ga duk wani sahihin bayani.&lt;ref name=&quot;Nomos&quot;/&gt;{{rp|73–74}}

Rahoton Reuters na 2009 ya kiyasta cewa akwai kimanin Afirkawa da Larabawa 100,000 a Guangzhou, yawancinsu ba su da ingantaccen biza. Yawancin ‘yan hijira daga Afirka sun ce wahalar gudanar da kasuwanci cikin kwanaki 30 na bizar yawon bude ido da tsadar tikitin dawowa na daga cikin dalilan da yasa suke wucewa.&lt;ref name=star/&gt; Binciken ilimin zamantakewa ya gano cewa 'yan Najeriya, musamman Igbos, sun fi wuce wa da biza saboda matsin lamba daga iyali da girman kai na maza, inda ake sa ran mutum zai yi nasara a ƙasashen waje.&lt;ref name=&quot;mathews&quot;/&gt;

===Zanga-zanga a 2009 da 2012===
Tashin hankali tsakanin al'ummar Afirka da ‘yan sanda a Guangzhou ya haifar da tarzoma a shekarar 2009 da 2012. A watan Yuli 2009, wasu maza biyu ‘yan Najeriya sun fado daga sama na wani bene yayin da suke kokarin gudu daga hannun hukumomin shige da fice na kasar Sin.&lt;ref name=&quot;star&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; Dukansu sun jikkata daga faduwar.&lt;ref name=&quot;riots&quot;/&gt; Amma bayan jin jita-jitar mutuwarsu, daruruwan Afirkawa, galibinsu ‘yan Najeriya, suka mamaye ofishin ‘yan sanda na gari.&lt;ref name=&quot;riots&quot;/&gt; Zanga-zangar ta rikide zuwa tarzoma da ta rufe hanyoyi guda takwas na babbar hanya na tsawon sa’o’i.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;star2&quot;/&gt;

A watan Yuni 2012, wani Bafrikawa da aka tsare bayan gardama da direban tasi ya mutu bayan “zai fadi kuma ya rasa numfashi”, a cewar ‘yan sanda.&lt;ref name=&quot;protest&quot;/&gt; Sama da Afirkawa 100 sun hallara a ofishin ‘yan sanda suna neman sanin musabbabin mutuwar. ‘Yan sandan Guangzhou suka ce za su bincika lamarin daidai da doka kuma suka kara da cewa “Dole ne kowa ya bi dokar kasar Sin; ba wanda ya kamata ya bata sha’anin jama’a ko ya kawo tangarda”.&lt;ref name=&quot;protest&quot; /&gt;

===Kara tsananta dokokin shige da fice===
An gudanar da babban samame na kama bakin haure a watan Yuli da Agusta 2013.&lt;ref name=&quot;mathews&quot;/&gt; Rahotannin jaridu sun bayyana cewa adadin Afirkawa a yankin ya ragu tun daga shekarar 2014, inda karancin damar samun biza ya zama daya daga cikin dalilai.&lt;ref name=&quot;tia&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=cnn/&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Pan2008&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Pan |first=Xiaobo |title=Chocolate City - Africans searching for the Chinese Dream |url=http://www.infzm.com/content/6446/0 |newspaper=Southern Weekly |date=2008-01-23 |access-date=2011-09-08 |archive-date=2019-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301025748/http://www.infzm.com/content/6446/0 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tsarin biza da aka kafa tun daga 2013 a gundumar Yuexiu ya fuskanci sauyi a lokacin bazara na 2018, inda rahotanni suka bayyana cewa wasu otel da gidajen haya masu sauki sun hana Afirkawa zama, ko suka ware masu fasfo daga Uganda da Najeriya, tare da rufe shaguna da gidajen abinci na Afirkawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;supchina&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;dailymonitor&quot;/&gt; Jaridar Daily Monitor ta Uganda ta tattauna da wasu ‘yan kasar da ke Guangzhou da suka ce an gaya musu su zauna a otel masu tsada, yayin da wasu ke ganin an yi wa ‘yan Uganda farmaki ne saboda yawan wadanda ake zargi daga Uganda da laifin safarar miyagun kwayoyi, wadanda ake zargin ‘yan Najeriya ne da suka sayi fasfo na Uganda ta hanyar cin hanci.&lt;ref name=&quot;dailymonitor&quot;/&gt; Wani jami’i daga Uganda ya zargi Ma’aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida da siyar da fasfo na Uganda ba bisa doka ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;dailymonitor&quot;/&gt; Kakakin Hukumar Kula da Sha’anin Fasaƙwafasa da Shige da Fice ta Ma’aikatar ya ce wadannan fasfo an sace su ne ko kuma wasu ‘yan kasar suka siyar.&lt;ref name=&quot;dailymonitor&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Nomos&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Habicht |first=Jasper |url=https://www.nomos-elibrary.de/index.php?doi=10.5771/9783748907817 |title=The Role of Campaigns in Law Enforcement: The Example of Sanfei Campaigns in Chinese Immigration Law |date=2020 |publisher=Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft |series=Studies on the Law and Legal Culture of China |volume=9 |isbn=978-3-7489-0781-7 |pages=155–160 |doi=10.5771/9783748907817 |s2cid=218955976 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Annobar COVID-19===
A lokacin annobar COVID-19 a cikin kasar Sin, rahotanni sun yadu na cewa an kori Afirkawa daga gidajen haya da otel a Guangzhou, inda suka shiga cikin mawuyacin hali na neman abinci da mafaka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Reuters2009&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://reuters.com/article/idUKTRE57K27U20090821 |title=Out of Africa and into China, immigrants struggle |first=James |last=Pomfret |publisher=Reuters |date=21 August 2009 |access-date=31 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 11 ga Afrilu, Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka a Guangzhou ya gargadi Ba’amurke ‘yan Afirka da su guji zuwa Guangzhou, inda wasu suka bayyana cewa ana kiyayarsu a otel da shaguna.&lt;ref name=&quot;cnn2&quot;/&gt; Ofishin Jakadancin ya kara da cewa an sami karancin biza ga Afirkawa da tilasta musu yin gwajin COVID-19 da killace su na kwanaki 14 a kudinsu.&lt;ref name=&quot;mathews&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Mathews |first1=Gordon |last2=Lin |first2=Linessa Dan |last3=Yang |first3=Yang |title=The World in Guangzhou |date=2017 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |pages=118}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Jakadun kasashen Afirka da ke kasar Sin sun rubuta wasika ga Wang Yi, Ministan Harkokin Waje na kasar Sin, suna bukatar a dakile nuna wariya ga Afirkawa a Guangzhou. Shugaban Hukumar Tarayyar Afirka (AU), Moussa Faki Mahamat, ma ya kira Jakadan kasar Sin a AU, Liu Yuxi, ya bayyana matsanancin damuwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

A ranar 12 ga Afrilu, Zhao Lijian, kakakin Ma’aikatar Harkokin Waje ta kasar Sin, ya bayyana cewa:&lt;ref name=&quot;Zhao&quot;/&gt;
{{Cquote|A lokacin da muke yakar cutar coronavirus, gwamnatin kasar Sin ta ba da muhimmanci matuka ga rayuwa da lafiyar baki a kasar. Muna kula da kowa daidai. Muna kin nuna bambanci, kuma muna adawa da wariyar launin fata. Tun bayan barkewar cutar, hukumomin Guangdong sun ba da kulawa ta musamman ga marasa lafiya baki, ciki har da ‘yan Afirka. An yi shirye-shirye na musamman don kare rayukansu yadda ya kamata, kuma hakan ya sa muka ceci wasu daga cikin su.}}

Ya kara da cewa a taron manema labarai na 13 ga Afrilu cewa kasar Sin za ta dauki matakai don shawo kan damuwar “abokai daga Afirka” da kuma dakile nuna wariya, tare da suka kan Amurka da cewa tana kokarin hargitsa dangantakar Sin da Afirka da sunan annoba, amma hakan ba zai yi nasara ba.

===Bayan annoba===
A shekarar 2024, harkokin kasuwancin ‘yan Afirka a Guangzhou sun dawo yadda suka kasance kafin annobar.&lt;ref name=&quot;chinastory&quot; /&gt; A watan Mayu 2025, damuwa game da dokokin shige da fice ya sake tasowa a kafafen sada zumunta bayan jita-jitar cewa ‘yan sanda sama da 3,000 sun kai samame a gundumar Sanyuanli, wadda ke da yawan al’ummar Afirka. Gwamnatin gundumar ta karyata jita-jitar, tana cewa samamen ba ya da nasaba da dokar shige da fice, illa dai aikin gyaran birni, kuma adadin “3,000 ‘yan sanda” ya yi yawa fiye da gaskiya.

==Aure Tsakanin Kabilu==  
A zuwa shekarar 2014, an samu auratayya da dama tsakanin mutane daga Afirka da kuma na kasar Sin a Guangzhou, inda kusan dukkan auratayyar ke kasancewa tsakanin maza 'yan Afirka da mata 'yan kasar Sin. Biza ta aure da kasar Sin ke bayarwa ba ta halatta ma'aurata su yi aiki ba. Auratayyar da yawa na fuskantar matsaloli saboda wahalar samun biza mai dorewa.&lt;ref name=MarshAfro/&gt;  
Yawancin 'yan kasar Sin da ke zaune tare da auren 'yan Afirka a Guangzhou, misali, sun fito ne daga jihohin karkara masu talauci kamar Sichuan, Hunan, da Hubei. Daga shekarar 2010 zuwa 2014, mutanen karkara daga kasar Sin da suka auri 'yan Afirka da sauran 'yan kasashen waje sun samu damar haihuwar yara fiye da daya, sabanin yadda dokar haihuwa guda take tanada wa sauran 'yan kasa na kasar Sin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Admin|date=2014-06-03|title=Bride and prejudice: Afro-Chinese marriages in Guangzhou|url=https://africachinareporting.co.za/2014/06/bride-and-prejudice-afro-chinese-marriages-in-guangzhou/|access-date=2021-06-01|website=Africa-China Reporting Project|language=en-ZA|archive-date=2020-02-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215054119/https://africachinareporting.co.za/2014/06/bride-and-prejudice-afro-chinese-marriages-in-guangzhou/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2010-10-06|title=China cracks down on African immigrants and traders|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/oct/06/china-crackdown-african-immigration|access-date=2021-06-01|website=the Guardian|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Kasuwanci da Kalubalen Canjin Kudi==  
Baya ga matakan hana shige da fice, wani babban kalubale da 'yan kasuwar Afirka ke fuskanta shi ne faduwar darajar kudin kasashen Afirka da dama bayan faduwar farashin danyen mai tun daga 2014.&lt;ref name=&quot;ft&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Commodity dip hits China's little Africa |url=http://www.ft.com/content/74a878fc-3b68-11e6-93e1-426e2e7bb8ad |work=Financial Times |date=July 4, 2016 |access-date=August 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814001825/https://www.ft.com/content/74a878fc-3b68-11e6-93e1-426e2e7bb8ad |archive-date=August 14, 2018 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  
'Yan kasuwa daga Najeriya — mafi rinjaye daga Afirka — sun bayyana yadda suka kasa samun kudin kasashen waje da ake bukata don sayen kaya. Gwamnatin Najeriya ta fara mayar da martani ga faduwar darajar Naira ta hanyar takaita damar samun kudin kasashen waje da kin rage darajar Naira ta hukuma.&lt;ref name=&quot;ft&quot;/&gt;  
Don samun Naira, 'yan kasuwa na Najeriya sun koma kasuwar bayan-fage inda suke sayen daloli da karin kashi 75% akan farashi na hukuma, lamarin da ya sa samun riba ya zama da wahala.&lt;ref name=&quot;depreciation&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ft&quot;/&gt;  
Wani tsohon dan kasuwa daga Najeriya da ke sayar da kaya a Guangzhou ya bayyana wa Financial Times cewa bai iya cika ko rabin kwantena daya ba cikin shekarar 2016 saboda wannan matsalar.&lt;ref name=&quot;ft&quot;/&gt;  
Wadanda ke fataucin kaya daga sauran kasashen Afirka, ciki har da Angola, wani babban mai fitar da mai, suma sun fuskanci irin wannan matsala.&lt;ref name=&quot;depreciation&quot;/&gt;

A 'yan shekarun nan, matsalolin sun tsananta. Rikicin darajar Naira da kuma takunkumin samun dala ta hanyar hukumomi sun tilasta 'yan kasuwa su koma amfani da hanyoyin musayar kudi ta bayan-fage da kuma amfani da kudaden dijital (cryptocurrency) don ci gaba da kasuwanci da kasar Sin.  
Da dama daga cikin 'yan kasuwa sun bayyana cewa yin amfani da bankuna don canja kudi ba ya yiwuwa yanzu. Wani dan kasuwa daga kabilar Igbo ya ce: “Gare mu, ya fi sauki mu canja Naira kai tsaye da kudin RMB; sai Naira miliyan 10 ta sayi kwantena daya. Amma idan sai an canja zuwa USD, to rabin kwantena kawai zan iya lodawa.”&lt;ref name=&quot;liu2025&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last=Liu |first=Jing Jing |title=Decentering the Dollar in Africa-China Trade: How Nigerian Entrepreneurs Navigate Currency Swaps and Digital Currencies in an Era of USD Hegemony and RMB Internationalization |journal=African Studies Review |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=7–30 |date=March 2025 |doi=10.1017/asr.2025.20 |url=https://doi.org/10.1017/asr.2025.20 |access-date=29 June 2025|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Raguwar darajar Naira da ya zarta 70% tsakanin 2022 da 2024 da kuma rashin karbuwa sosai na shirin musayar kudade tsakanin kasashen ya sa yawancin 'yan kasuwa daga Najeriya dogara ne ga hanyoyin biyan kudi na bayan-fage.  
Sun sha korafi akan jinkiri, karancin kudade da rashin gaskiya a tsarin sayar da kudi na Babban Bankin Najeriya. A wasu lokuta, an hana 'yan kasuwa aika kudade ta banki (USD ko RMB), lamarin da ya sa suka koma amfani da kudaden dijital kamar USDT duk da dokar hana hakan.&lt;ref name=&quot;liu2025&quot;/&gt;

==Laifi==  
Laifuka da suka shafi 'yan Afirka a Guangzhou sun dauki hankalin hukumomi da al'umma daga bangarorin biyu — na Afirka da na kasar Sin.

A watan Agusta 2013, Hukumar Tsaron Jama'a ta Guangzhou ta gudanar da wani babban samame akan masu fataucin miyagun kwayoyi da ya hada jami'an tsaro 1,300, inda suka kai hari otal din Lihua (Dragon) a yankin Yuexiu, wani wuri da aka fi sani da cunkoson 'yan hijira daga Afirka.  
Wannan samame ya zo ne daidai lokacin da gwamnati ke gudanar da wani gagarumin kokari na dakile shige da ficen ba bisa ka'ida ba a lokacin zafi, kuma an kama mutane 168, yawancin su 'yan Najeriya da Mali.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Guangzhou police smash West African-led drugs ring|url=http://www.dongguantoday.com/news/guangdong/201308/t20130815_2526371.shtml|newspaper=Dongguan Today|date=2013-08-15|access-date=2014-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222161830/http://www.dongguantoday.com/news/guangdong/201308/t20130815_2526371.shtml|archive-date=2014-02-22|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan wannan farmaki, Jakadan Najeriya a Sin a wancan lokacin, Sola Onadipe, ya soki 'yan kasarsa da kakkausar murya. A hirarsa da jaridar Vanguard, ya nuna bakin cikinsa game da yadda 'yan Najeriya ke shiga harkokin da suka sabawa doka a kasar Sin.  
Ya ce wasu daga cikin su na shan tabar wiwi a fili da shan giya sosai, yana kiran irin wannan hali da “abun kunya”, kuma ya bayyana cewa yana jin takaici wajen wakiltar su a matsayin jakada.&lt;ref name=&quot;ambassador&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=February 16, 2014 |title=Nigerians' notoriety in China is unprecedented - Ambassador Onadipe |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/02/nigerians-notoriety-china-unprecedented-ambassador-onadipe/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180811164728/https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/02/nigerians-notoriety-china-unprecedented-ambassador-onadipe/ |archive-date=August 11, 2018 |access-date=August 11, 2018 |work=The Vanguard}}&lt;/ref&gt;  
Jakadan ya kwatanta halin 'yan Najeriya da sauran 'yan kasashen Afirka kamar Ghana, Kamaru da Côte d'Ivoire, yana cewa ba su fuskantar irin wannan matsin lamba daga 'yan sanda, wanda ke nuna cewa halayen 'yan Najeriya ne ke janyo matsaloli.  
Wannan kakkausar magana daga bakar jakada mai ci ta janyo cece-kuce daga masana.  
Farfesa Steven F. Jackson, masanin siyasa, ya ce wannan ba wai kawai nuna takaici bane, yana iya zama alamar rikice-rikicen cikin gida tsakanin kabilu da ajin al'umma a Najeriya.  
Ya lura cewa yawancin 'yan Najeriya da ke Guangzhou 'yan kabilar Igbo ne daga kudu maso gabas, yayin da Onadipe, jakadan, mai yiyuwa ne daga kabilar Yarbawa daga kudu maso yamma.  
Jackson ya ce, “Jakadu sukan kasance masu diflomasiyya da adalci wajen kare 'yan kasarsu”, amma furucin Onadipe na iya zama wani alamar rarrabuwar kawuna cikin kasar Najeriya.&lt;ref&gt;Steven F. Jackson, &quot;Two Distant Giants: China and Nigeria Perceive Each Other,&quot; European, Middle Eastern, &amp; African Affairs, Winter 2019, pp. 60–62. [https://www.airuniversity.af.edu/JEMEAA/Display/Article/2042417/two-distant-giants-china-and-nigeria-perceive-each-other/]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2017, wani jami'in ofishin jakadancin Najeriya da ke Guangzhou ya kiyasta cewa a matsakaici, kashi 1% na 'yan Najeriya da ke zuwa birnin ana kama su ne da laifin safarar miyagun kwayoyi.&lt;ref name=&quot;consulate&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=535 Nigerians languish in Chinese prisons for drug trafficking |url=https://www.thepointng.com/535-nigerians-languish-in-chinese-prisons-for-drug-trafficking/ |work=The Point |date=May 1, 2017 |access-date=August 11, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809215658/https://www.thepointng.com/535-nigerians-languish-in-chinese-prisons-for-drug-trafficking/ |archive-date=August 9, 2018 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}

==Ƙara karatu==

* {{cite news|author=Grangereau, Philippe|url=http://www.liberation.fr/monde/2013/10/27/chinenoirs-desespoirs_942712|title=Noirs désespoirs en Chine|work=[[Libération]]|date=2013-10-27|language=fr|access-date=2015-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412144920/http://www.liberation.fr/monde/2013/10/27/chinenoirs-desespoirs_942712|archive-date=2015-04-12|url-status=live}}()
* {{cite news|title=非洲朋友你在广州还好吗|trans-title=Friends From Africa, How are You Doing in Guangzhou?|work=[[Guangming Daily]]|date=2012-02-27|language=zh-cn}}
** [http://epaper.gmw.cn/gmrb/html/2012-02/25/nw.D110000gmrb_20120225_1-08.htm ——来自基层的调研报道（之一）]
** [http://epaper.gmw.cn/gmrb/html/2012-02/26/nw.D110000gmrb_20120226_3-08.htm ——来自基层的调研报道（之二）]
** [http://epaper.gmw.cn/gmrb/html/2012-02/27/nw.D110000gmrb_20120227_7-08.htm ——来自基层的调研报道（之三）]
* {{cite news|url=http://epaper.gmw.cn/wzb/html/2012-07/26/nw.D110000wzb_20120726_1-08.htm?div=-1|title=非洲人在广州|work=[[Guangming Daily]]|date=2012-07-26|language=zh-cn}}</text>
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    <title>Ogere Remo</title>
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Ogere (wanda kuma ake kira Ogere Remo ko Ogere-Remo ko Ogere - Remo), tsohon gari ne a yankin Remo na Jihar Ogun, [[Najeriya]]. An kafa garin ne a shekara ta 1401 A.D. Ogere na cikin karamar hukumar Ikenne a jihar Ogun.

Gidan kakannin Yarabawa shine Ile-Ife. Oduduwa shine kakannin duk yarbawa a gida da waje.

Mutanen Ogere Yarabawa ne na Remo stock. Sun fito ne daga gidan kakanni &quot;Lagere a Ile-Ife&quot; a cikin hijira daban-daban guda biyu karkashin jagorancin Olipakala da Lowa-Lida bi da bi. Biyu su ne Sarakunan Ile-Ife.&lt;ref&gt;Ademowo, Adewale (2011-06-01). &quot;The Ancient History of Ogere Remo&quot;. InfoStride News.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wuri ==
Ogere yana cikin wani yanki mai tudu. Yanayin yanayin garin ya ba da hujjar maganar Littafi Mai Tsarki da ke cewa &quot;Garin da ke kan tuddai ba zai iya ɓoye ba&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;UFDC&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ogere yana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin garuruwa talatin da uku waɗanda suka haɗa da &quot;Masarautar Remo&quot;. Yana cikin Kudu-maso-Yamma na Masarautar.

Ogere yana da iyaka a Arewa da Ajura (Garin Egba), a Kudu tare da Iperu-Remo, a Gabas tare da Ode-Remo, a Yamma da Sagamu Remo.

Duka titin Lagos – Ibadan Expressway da Ijebu-Ode – Abeokuta Expressway sun bi ta Ogere.

== Tarihi ==
Mutane

Mutanen dai manoma ne da kuma ’yan kasuwa ta hanyar sana’a. Sun noma shinkafa, kolanut da koko a matsayin amfanin gona. Matan sun yi cinikin garri da shinkafa da kayan masarufi da masaku.

Olipakala, Yarima Mai Jiran Gado na Ile-Ife, zuriyar Kakanin Yarbawa Oduduwa kuma jarumi shi ne wanda ya assasa kuma uban ruhi na mutanen Ogere.&lt;ref&gt;FRSC battles 24-hour gridlock on Lagos-Ibadan expressway&quot;. The InfoStride&lt;/ref&gt;

Olipakala ya yi hijira tare da babban yayansa Obanta daga Ile-Ife zuwa Ijebu-Ode.

Matarsa, Yemogun ma ta yi tafiya da shi. Sun zauna a Ijebu-Ode na dan wani lokaci, ba da jimawa ba suka sauka a Ijebu-Ode, sai Obanta ya gano Olipakala mutum ne mai tsatsauran ra'ayi.&lt;ref&gt;I listen to country music before going to bed - 80 year old accountant&quot;. The Punch.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya yi wuya ya iya sarrafa Obanta har ma ya fara kalubalantar ikonsa a cikin yanke shawara na zamantakewa da siyasa. Sakamakon haka ne aka bukaci Olipakala ya je ya zauna a can nesa.

Olipakala da iyalansa sun kaura daga Ijebu-Ode suka koma yamma. Sun sauka a “Agbele” kuma suka kira mazaunin “Ilagere” inda suka yi masauki.&lt;ref&gt;Ikenne Remo&quot;. 21 August 2013&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani ƙaura da Lowa-Eri wanda ya kafa gundumar Lagere a Ile-Ife ya jagoranta shi ma ya yanke shawarar ƙaura daga Ile-Ife don sake samun wani matsuguni.

A tafiyar su Lowa-Eri shugaban kungiyar ya mutu a Ipole da Lowa-Lida; dansa sai ya zama shugaba.

Lowa-Lida ya kafa kauyuka da yawa a Ile-Nla, Ogbo kusa da Ijebu-Ode kafin ya zauna a Idoko (bangaren Ijebu-Mushin).

Tarihin baka ya yi ikirarin cewa Lowa-Lida ne ya gina Obinrin-Ojowu a Ijebu-Ode, wanda ya bar dansa Lowa-Iberu a matsayin babban firist.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Follow due process to avoid sanctions - Ogun tasks forestry&quot;. The InfoStride.&lt;/ref&gt;

Lowa-Lida da kungiyarsa suma sun koma West-ward daga Ijebu-Ode suka zauna a Agbele Ogere tare da dangin Olipakala.

“An gina Aje Shrine a Ogere a wurin da ake yanzu, wanda a lokacin yana da nisan mil 11/2 daga Agbele.

Oloja na Iremo wanda ke cikin tawagar Lowa shi ne Babban Firist. Kalmar “Iremo” daga baya aka sanya ta zuwa ga Aremo.

Mutanen Lagere sun zauna a sansanoni biyu a Agbele kuma sun ɗauke ta a matsayin mazauninsu.

Olipakala ya kasance cikakken shugaban mutanen Ilagere tsawon shekaru. Ya kafa sansanin yaƙi mai ƙarfi da daula. Ya yi yaƙi don kare mutuncin jama'arsa da kuma ainihin su.

Olipakala da matarsa Yemogun sun gadin mutanen Lagere (Ogere) tare da tabbatar da tsaronsu daga mamaye garuruwan da ke makwabtaka da su. Ya yi yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa don ya kāre mutanensa.

Matarsa Yemogun ta kasance abokiyar zama nagari a duk yaƙe-yaƙe don kare mutanensa. Mutanen Ogere ba a taba cin nasara a kowane yaki ba a lokacin da Olipakala, Yemogun da Lowa-Lida suke raye; don haka aka ba shi wani cognomen mai gudana kamar haka: &quot;Olipakala a gbe ni ma dehin&quot;.

A lokacin yaƙi, an tuntuɓi maƙwabtansu na kusa ta hanyar amfani da &quot;Apere&quot; - gangunan siginar yaƙi da ake amfani da shi don isar da saƙon da abokan gaba ba za su iya fassarawa ba.

Mazauna yankin Lagere (Ogere) na al'ummar manoma ne kuma suna fuskantar babbar barazana daga namun daji kuma namun daji irinsu zakuna da damisa da kuraye da kuraye ne suka kai musu hari musamman da yamma da yamma. Anyi kokarin kashe wadannan dabbobi.

Bayan da aka ci namun daji, tare da ingantaccen tsaro na rayuwa, ayyukan noma sun bunƙasa da faɗaɗa ta yadda mazauna Olipakala suka sami zaman lafiya da wadata.

Wasu ƙauyuka sun taso a matsayin tauraron dan adam mazauna Agbele. Wadannan sun hada da Iporo I da II, Orile-Epe, Iseje, Lowosiwu, Larufin, Ipakala, Sakale, Obelu, Idoko, Oke Mogun da Ejigun.

Ta hanyar taimakon waɗannan alloli ne Ogere ya zo ya zauna a wurin da yake yanzu.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abiola Akiyode-Afolabi</title>
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      <text bytes="8558" sha1="fb116qymjszghx2908zn22qinsn4fuw" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Abiola Akiyode-Afolabi''' [[lauya]] ce a Najeriya kuma [[Hakkokin Jama'a Da Na Siyasa|Mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama]].&lt;ref name=&quot;GN&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 August 2016 |title=Dr. Abiola Akiyode-Afolabi elected chair, as TMG gets new board |url=https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/dr-abiola-akiyode-afolabi-elected-chair-as-tmg-gets-new-board/ |access-date=2019-07-27 |website=guardian.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ita ce shugabar kungiyar da ta kafa Cibiyar Bincike da Takardun Mata ta Mata (WARDC), wata kungiya mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta ta kula da lafiyar mata da haihuwa wadda babbar manufarta ita ce inganta 'yancin mata, 'yancin ɗan adam, mulki da bin doka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Punch&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 December 2017 |title=My mother planned our church wedding without informing us – Abiola Akiyode-Afolabi |url=https://punchng.com/my-mother-planned-our-church-wedding-without-informing-us-abiola-akiyode-afolabi/ |access-date=2019-07-27 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abiola Akiyode-Afolabi memba ce ta kwamitin zartarwa na Cibiyar Nazarin Zaman Lafiya ta Yammacin Afirka da [[Asusun Amincewa na Mata na Najeriya]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;thrive&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Abiola Akiyode-Afolabi |url=https://thrive.org.ng/speaker/dr-mrs-abiola-akiode-afolabi/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727150442/https://thrive.org.ng/speaker/dr-mrs-abiola-akiode-afolabi/ |archive-date=2019-07-27 |access-date=2019-07-27 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tana koyar da Dokar Jama'a ta Duniya a [[Jami'ar Lagos|Jami'ar Legas]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;thrive&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Welcome to University of Lagos&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Welcome to University of Lagos |url=http://196.45.48.50/staffdirectory.php?parentid=68&amp;filter=60&amp;searchct=PRIVATE%20AND%20PROPERTY%20LAW |access-date=2019-07-27 |website=196.45.48.50}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2016, an zabe ta a matsayin shugabar kungiyar The Monitoring Group (TMG), hadin gwiwar kungiyoyin farar hula 400.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016-08-21 |title=TMG elects Abiola Akiyode-Afolabi new chairman {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/209007-tmg-elects-abiola-akiyode-afolabi-new-chairman.html |access-date=2022-03-28 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-08-27 |title=Auwal Rafsanjani elected new chairman of TMG |url=https://www.thecable.ng/auwal-rafsanjani-elected-new-chairman-of-tmg |access-date=2022-03-28 |website=TheCable |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-07-18 |title=FG's obsession with desire to suppress free speech makes credible polls doubtful in 2023 – Chair, TMG, Akiyode-Afolabi |url=https://punchng.com/fgs-obsession-with-desire-to-suppress-free-speech-makes-credible-polls-doubtful-in-2023-chair-tmg-akiyode-afolabi/ |access-date=2022-03-28 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Akiyode-Afolabi a jihar Kwara amma ta girma a Osogbo, jihar Osun a Najeriya. &lt;ref name=&quot;Punch&quot;/&gt;

Ta yi karatun Shari'a daga Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo, Ile Ife, inda ta fara tafiyarta a cikin gwagwarmayar kare hakkin dan adam a matsayin mace ta farko da ke hulɗa da jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;Punch&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;SR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016-08-21 |title=Akiyode-Afolabi Elected Transition Monitoring Group Chair As Coalition Gets New Board |url=http://saharareporters.com/2016/08/21/akiyode-afolabi-elected-transition-monitoring-group-chair-coalition-gets-new-board |access-date=2019-07-27 |website=Sahara Reporters}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi karatun digirin na biyu a makarantar Notre Dame Law School, Indiana, Amurka, sannan ta yi digirin digirgir daga Jami’ar SOAS ta Landan tare da kwararriyar dokokin jin kai ta duniya da ke mai da hankali kan zaman lafiya da tsaro na mata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 October 2013 |title=Abiola Akiyode-Afolabi |url=https://ng.boell.org/person/abiola-akiyode-afolabi |access-date=2019-07-27 |website=Heinrich Böll Stiftung Nigeria |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;thrive&quot;/&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
Bayan ta dawo Najeriya bayan kammala karatunta a Makarantar Koyon Aikin Shari'a ta Jami'ar Notre Dame, ta kafa Cibiyar Binciken Mata da Takardu (WARDC) a 2002, wani kamfani da ya mayar da hankali kan magance matsalolin da suka shafi cin zarafin jinsi da shawarwarin manufofi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Punch&quot;/&gt;

A watan Agustan 2016, an nada ta Shugabar kungiyar Kula da Canji (TMG), tarin kungiyoyin farar hula 400. Ita ce mace ta biyu da ta jagoranci TMG, bayan Ayo Obe na Kungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama (CLO) a cikin '90s.&lt;ref name=&quot;SR&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GN&quot;/&gt; Ita memba ce ta ƙungiyar Bring Back our Girls (BBOG) kuma tana jagorantar kamfen ɗin don makarantu masu aminci da aminci a [[Arewa ta Gabas (Najeriya)|Arewa maso Gabashin Najeriya]]. Ta kuma jagoranci Cibiyar Gyaran Jima'i da Tsarin Mulki (GECORN) da aka kafa a shekara ta 2003. &lt;ref name=&quot;NWTF&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Board of Directors |url=https://nigerianwomentrustfund.org/about-us/board-of-directors/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231051602/https://nigerianwomentrustfund.org/about-us/board-of-directors/ |archive-date=2019-12-31 |access-date=2019-07-27 |website=NWTF |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2018, Abiola a matsayin Babban Darakta na Cibiyar Bincike da Dokokin Mata (WARDC), ta samu hukunci mai kyau a kan Najeriya game da rikicin cikin gida na Mary Sunday v. Nigeria wanda ke gaban Kotun Shari'a na Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Yammacin Afirka ( Kotun ECOWAS).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-02-08 |title=Mary Sunday: ECOWAS court okays suit against Nigerian government |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/02/mary-sunday-ecowas-court-okays-suit-nigerian-government/ |access-date=2019-07-30 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=admin |title=IHRDA, WARDC obtain favourable judgment against Nigeria in &quot;Mary Sunday&quot; domestic violence case |url=https://www.ihrda.org/2018/05/press-release-ihrda-wardc-obtain-favourable-judgment-against-nigeria-in-mary-sunday-domestic-violence-case/ |access-date=2019-07-30 |website=IHRDA |language=en-US |archive-date=2019-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725102901/https://www.ihrda.org/2018/05/press-release-ihrda-wardc-obtain-favourable-judgment-against-nigeria-in-mary-sunday-domestic-violence-case/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ta samu nasarar wakiltar Monica Osagie, daliba a Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo wacce Farfesa Richard Iyiola Akindele, malami a sashen lissafi a shekarar 2018 ya tsananta mata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 April 2018 |title=OAU sex scandal: Why Osagie resorted to self-help –Activist |url=https://punchng.com/oau-sex-scandal-why-osagie-resorted-to-self-help-activist/ |access-date=2019-07-27 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 April 2018 |title=Sex-for-mark: Protest as panel denies victim legal representation |url=https://punchng.com/sex-for-mark-protest-as-panel-denies-victim-legal-representation/ |access-date=2019-07-27 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-04-21 |title=Sex For Mark: Female Student To Appear Before OAU Panel Tuesday |url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/04/21/sex-mark-female-student-appear-oau-panel-tuesday |access-date=2019-07-27 |website=Sahara Reporters}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Aliyu |first=Abdullateef |last2=Lagos |date=2018-04-22 |title=OAU sex scandal: 'I am ready to appear before panel' |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/oau-sex-scandal-i-am-ready-to-appear-before-panel.html |access-date=2019-07-27 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Abiola tana koyar da Dokar Jama'a ta Duniya a [[Jami'ar Lagos|Jami'ar Legas]] . 

== Kyaututtuka ==
[[Ƙungiyar Ƴancin Ɗan Adam ta Duniya|Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya don 'Yancin Dan Adam]], Amurka ta bayyana Akiyode-Afolabi a matsayin wanda ya samu lambar yabo ta Ranar Tsaro ta 1999. . &lt;ref name=&quot;NWTF&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Board Members |url=http://gepad.appkiosk.ng/wp/board-members/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727150432/http://gepad.appkiosk.ng/wp/board-members/ |archive-date=2019-07-27 |access-date=2019-07-27 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr Abiola Akiyode Afolabi – Future Leadership Conference |url=http://futureleadershipconference.com/performer/dr-abiola-akiyode-afolabi/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727150432/http://futureleadershipconference.com/performer/dr-abiola-akiyode-afolabi/ |archive-date=2019-07-27 |access-date=2019-07-27 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>'Yancin Dan Adam a Costa Rica</title>
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      <text bytes="21610" sha1="duxkvck4ofboaz1oqwxoaik30cy2mn9" xml:space="preserve">[[Costa Rica]] galibi ana daukar ta daya daga cikin kasashe mafi kyau a Latin [[Amurka]] wajen kare haƙƙin ɗan adam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Morgan2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Lynn M. |date=2019 |title='Human Life Is Inviolable': Costa Rica's Human Rights Crucible |journal=Medical Anthropology |volume=38 |issue=6 |pages=493–507 |doi=10.1080/01459740.2018.1510394 |pmid=30299172 |s2cid=52941535}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya shiga cikin kirkirar ka'idojin haƙƙin ƙasa da ƙasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;ILO&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=n.d. |title=Ratifications for Costa Rica |url=https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:11200:0::NO::P11200_COUNTRY_ID:102599 |access-date=2019-05-18 |website=International Labour Organization}}&lt;/ref&gt; Costa Rica ta sanya hannu, kuma ta tabbatar da, yarjejeniyoyin kasa da kasa da yawa game da haƙƙoƙi, gami da sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 1948 kan [[Haƙƙoƙin ɗan'adam|'Yancin Dan Adam]] (UNDHR).  &lt;ref name=&quot;ILO&quot; /&gt; Costa Rica ta ci sama da ma'anar duniya don haƙƙin ɗan adam, ta sami matsayi mafi girma a duniya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mainwaring2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|edition=Timothy R.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Matsayinta na [[talauci]] yana zaune a 18.6%, ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙasƙanci a yankunan Latin Amurka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mainwaring2010&quot; /&gt; Hakkin dan adam a Costa Rica galibi ya samo asali ne daga UNDHR, Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Costa Rican da Tsarin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Amurka.

Hakkin mata, yara da 'yan gudun hijira duk an tabbatar da su a Costa Rica.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Fernández1987&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Fernández |first=Gastón |last2=Narváez |first2=León |date=1987 |title=Refugees and Human Rights in Costa Rica: The Mariel Cubans |journal=International Migration Review |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=406–415 |doi=10.1177/019791838702100209 |jstor=2546323 |s2cid=147136620 |jstor-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hakkin LGBT ya inganta sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, misali tare da halatta auren jinsi guda a cikin 2020.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Dittrich2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dittrich |first=Boris |date=4 April 2018 |title=Marriage Equality, Transgender Rights Might Be on the Horizon in Costa Rica |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2018/04/04/marriage-equality-transgender-rights-might-be-horizon-costa-rica |access-date=2019-05-14 |website=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=n.d. |title=LGBT Rights in Costa Rica |url=https://www.equaldex.com/region/costa-rica |access-date=2023-03-20 |website=Equaldex}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tushen 'Yancin Dan Adam ==
[[Fayil:Constitución_de_Costa_Rica_(portada).jpg|thumb|227x227px|Tsarin Mulki na Costa Rica]]

=== Tsarin Mulki na Costa Rica ===
An kafa Kundin [[Kundin Tsarin Mulki|Tsarin Mulki]] na Costa Rica a cikin 1949. Ya ƙunshi Matakai 177 da ke nuna ka'idoji da ka'idojin da dole ne 'yan Costa Rica su bi, yayin da suke tsara hakkinsu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Embassy1961&quot; /&gt; Kafin shekara ta 1989, kotuna ba su yi amfani da kundin tsarin mulki ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilson2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Wilson |first=Bruce M. |date=2007 |title=Claiming Individual Rights Through a Constitutional Court: The Example of Gays in Costa Rica |journal=International Journal of Constitutional Law |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=242–257 |doi=10.1093/icon/mom010 |s2cid=145804317 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan ya canza tare da kirkirar Kotun Tsarin Mulki (Sala IV) a cikin 1989. &lt;ref name=&quot;Wilson2011&quot; /&gt; Babban rawar da kotun ke takawa ita ce kare haƙƙin tsarin mulki.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilson2011&quot; /&gt;

=== 'Yancin Dan Adam na Duniya ===
Costa Rica ta sanya hannu kuma ta tabbatar da tarurruka da yawa na kasa da kasa, sanarwa da Yarjejeniyoyi game da haƙƙin ɗan adam.&lt;ref name=&quot;ILO&quot;/&gt; Yarjejeniyoyi suna da doka, yayin da sanarwa da yarjejeniyoyi suna haifar da halin kirki, duk da haka, sanarwa sau da yawa suna samun matsayin [[Dokar al'ada ta duniya]] a tsawon lokaci.

Wasu daga cikin yarjejeniyoyin kasa da kasa da Costa Rica ta tabbatar sun hada da: &lt;ref name=&quot;ILO&quot;/&gt;

* [[Gamayyar Sanarwa na Yancin Dan'adam|Sanarwar Duniya ta 'Yancin Dan Adam]]
* Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa
* [[Yarjejeniya ta Duniya kan Haƙƙin Tattalin Arziki, zamantakewa da al'adu|Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Tattalin Arziki, Jama'a da Al'adu]]
* Yarjejeniyar da ke adawa da azabtarwa da sauran zalunci, rashin mutunci ko rashin mutunci
* [[Yarjejeniyar kan 'Yancin Yara]]
* Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da dukkan nau'o'in nuna bambanci ga mata
* [[Yarjejeniyar Amurka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam]] &quot;Pact of San Jose, Costa Rica&quot;

=== Tsarin 'Yancin Dan Adam na Amurka ===
A shekara ta 1959 an kafa Tsarin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Amurka don mayar da martani ga keta haƙƙin ɗan adam a Latin Amurka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Morgan2019&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Shaver2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Shaver |first=Lea |date=2010 |title=The Inter-American Human Rights System: An Effective Institution for Regional Rights Protection? |url=https://journals.library.wustl.edu/globalstudies/article/id/491/ |journal=Washington University Global Studies Law Review |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=639–676 |s2cid=153342810}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tsarin ya kunshi Hukumar Inter-American kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Kotun Inter-American na'Yancin Dan adam. &lt;ref name=&quot;Morgan2019&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Engstrom2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Engstrom |first=Par |last2=Hillebrecht |first2=Courtney |date=2018 |title=Institutional Change and the Inter-American Human Rights System |journal=The International Journal of Human Rights |volume=22 |issue=9 |pages=1111–1122 |doi=10.1080/13642987.2018.1534786 |s2cid=150241616 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kafa kotun ne bayan kwamiti, tana aiki tun shekara ta 1979.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Shaver2010&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;IJRC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=n.d. |title=Inter-American Human Rights System |url=https://ijrcenter.org/regional/inter-american-system/ |access-date=2019-05-18 |website=International Justice Resource Center |archive-date=2025-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250320220242/https://ijrcenter.org/regional/inter-american-system/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ana iya ba da rahoton lokuta na keta haƙƙin ɗan adam ga ƙungiyoyin biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;IJRC&quot; /&gt; Hakanan ƙungiyoyi biyu na iya sanya matakan gaggawa ga waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin haɗari.&lt;ref name=&quot;IJRC&quot; /&gt; Manufar tsarin ita ce ta rage girman take hakkin dan adam a cikin Latin Amurka. Shawarwarin da tsarin ya yi suna da ɗaurewa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Morgan2019&quot; /&gt;

Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Amurka ta kafa ta kasashe 35 na Kungiyar Kasashen Amurka (OAS). &lt;ref name=&quot;IJRC&quot;/&gt; Ya ƙunshi ƙwararrun lauyoyi marasa jam'iyya. Babban ayyukanta shine saka idanu kan yanayin haƙƙin ɗan adam, karɓar korafe-korafe game da keta doka da ziyartar ƙasashe da wuraren da aka ambata rahotanni suka faru.&lt;ref name=&quot;IJRC&quot; /&gt; Har ila yau, hukumar tana gudanar da ayyukan ingantawa, gami da bugawa rahotanni na haƙƙin ɗan adam wanda jama'a da shirye-shiryen ilimi ke da shi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Abi-Mershed |first=Elizabeth |date=17 September 2018 |title=Human Rights Treaty Bodies in the Field: The Inter-American Regional System and Sessions Away from Headquarters |url=https://www.universal-rights.org/blog/human-rights-treaty-bodies-in-the-field-the-inter-american-regional-system-and-sessions-away-from-headquarters/ |access-date=2019-05-21 |website=Universal Rights Group}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;IJRC&quot; /&gt;

A halin yanzu, kasashe mambobi 20 na jihohin OAS sun yarda da ikon Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Amurka.&lt;ref name=&quot;IJRC&quot;/&gt; Akwai alƙalai masu zaman kansu guda bakwai a kotun, waɗanda aka zaba ta hanyar Babban Taron OAS. &lt;ref name=&quot;Shaver2010&quot;/&gt; Suna yanke shawara kan shari'o'in keta haƙƙin ɗan adam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Engstrom2018&quot;/&gt; Ana iya gabatar da shari'o'in da aka kawo a kan kasashe membobin OAS a gaban kotun.&lt;ref name=&quot;IJRC&quot; /&gt; Dole ne a kai karar kotun ta wata jiha wacce memba ce ta OAS da Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Amurka.&lt;ref name=&quot;IJRC&quot; /&gt;

== Muhimman Yankuna na 'Yancin Dan Adam ==

=== 'Yancin Mata ===
[[Fayil:Laura_Chinchilla_Miranda_with_Hillary_Rodham_Clinton_(cropped).jpg|thumb|273x273px|Laura Chinchilla Miranda, mace ta farko da ta zama shugaban kasar Costa Rica]]
A halin yanzu ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a nuna bambanci ga mata a Costa Rica, kasar da ke da tarihi ta mai da hankali sosai kan inganta [[Daidaiton jinsi|daidaito tsakanin jinsi]]; kundin tsarin mulki ya yi alkawarin daidaito.&lt;ref name=&quot;Morgan2019&quot;/&gt; Har yanzu akwai bambancin iko, duk da haka ya ragu sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rico201312&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rico |date=26 December 2013 |title=Shift of Traditional Role of Women in Costa Rica |url=https://qcostarica.com/blog-shift-of-traditional-role-of-women-in-costa-rica/ |access-date=2019-05-21 |website=Q Costa Rica}}&lt;/ref&gt; Costa Rica ta kasance ta uku a cikin kasashe masu tasowa don daidaito tsakanin jinsi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Morgan2019&quot; /&gt; Aure yawanci ana yarda da shi, bisa ga soyayya, tare da saki na doka kuma yawanci yana son mata dangane da rarraba dukiya da kula da yara.

Ana ba da ilimi na firamare da sakandare kyauta ga dukan mata a Costa Rica.  Hakanan ana iya samun ilimi na jami'a mai zaman kansa da na jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;WTP2010&quot; /&gt; Yawan karatu da rubutu tsakanin maza da mata suna zaune daidai da kashi 96%.&lt;ref name=&quot;WTP2010&quot; /&gt; Saboda samun damar samun ilimi, tare da bukatar tattalin arziki, mata yanzu suna da kusan kashi 36% na ma'aikata, galibi a masana'antun masana'antu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WTP2010&quot; /&gt; Har yanzu mata suna da alaƙa da cinikin kasuwanci da masana'antun kimiyya, duk da cewa mata yanzu suna iya sarrafawa da mallakar dukiya, kamar dukiya da dukiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rico201312&quot;/&gt; Rashin daidaito na albashi ya ci gaba, maza suna samun, a matsakaita, 23.6% fiye da wannan aikin.&lt;ref name=&quot;WTP2010&quot; /&gt;

Costa Rica tana da ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman matakan wakilcin siyasa na mata a duniya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Morgan2019&quot;/&gt; Mata suna da kusan kashi 34% na kujerun kasa a majalisa da kashi 47% na kujeru na gari. Shugaban mata na farko shine Laura Chinchilla Miranda a cikin 2010 . &lt;ref name=&quot;Rico201312&quot;/&gt; Mata a halin yanzu suna riƙe da mukamai na farko da na biyu na mataimakin shugaban kasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;WTP2010&quot; /&gt; An sami 'yancin mata na jefa kuri'a a shekarar 1948 tare da kirkirar kundin tsarin mulki.&lt;ref name=&quot;Morgan2019&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WTP2010&quot; /&gt;

An ba da rahoton kulawar kafin haihuwa da bayan haihuwa a matsayin na musamman a Costa Rica, duka mace-macen mata da jarirai sun yi ƙasa kaɗan idan aka kwatanta da sauran ƙasashen duniya.  An yarda da rigakafin hana haihuwa, 80% na mata sama da 18 suna amfani da wani nau'i.  Zubar da ciki, laifi ne na laifi, sai dai a lokuta da rayuwar mahaifiyar ta kasance cikin haɗari.  Kotun tsarin mulki ta Costa Rica ta dakatar da hadi a cikin Vitro a cikin 2000 saboda an yi imani da cewa ya keta “rayayyar rayuwa” a karkashin tsarin mulki, tauye hakkin dan tayi na rayuwa.  An soke wannan a cikin 2012 ta Kotun Inter-American Court of Human Rights wadda ta ayyana dokar ta keta haƙƙin ɗan adam na sirri, kafa iyali da kuma 'yancin kai na haifuwa.  Daga ƙarshe, Costa Rica ta ɗage haramcin, tare da ƙuntatawa mai tsanani&lt;ref name=&quot;Morgan2019&quot; /&gt;

=== 'Yancin' Yan Gudun Hijira ===
Costa Rica a tarihi ta kasance sananne wajen kiyayewa da aiwatar da haƙƙin 'yan gudun hijira, bisa ga aikinta ga yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 1967 kan 'yan gudun hijira, yawan shigar da ita.  Costa Rica ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyoyin da suka shafi 'yancin 'yan gudun hijira.  Har ila yau Costa Rica tana halartar taron kasa da kasa kan 'yan gudun hijira na Amurka ta tsakiya.] Manufofin 'yan gudun hijirar Costa Rica sun kasance a bayyane kuma suna karɓa, kodayake hakan ya ragu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. &lt;ref name=&quot;MorenoJimenez2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Moreno Jimenez |first=Rebeca |date=27 November 2015 |title=5 Information Challenges for Refugees in Costa Rica |url=https://www.unhcr.org/innovation/5-information-challenges-for-refugees-in-costa-rica/ |access-date=2019-05-21 |website=UNHCR Innovation Service |publisher=UNHCR}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

A cikin 1979 sama da 'yan gudun hijira 150,000 sun gudu zuwa Costa Rica, galibi daga Nicaragua, tare da ƙananan lambobi sun zo daga El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras da Panama, galibi suna gujewa danniya ta siyasa.  Musamman ma, Costa Rica ta amince da 'yancin yin aiki, wanda aka nuna a cikin dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa.] Wannan ya ragu zuwa wani mataki ta hanyar kwararar baƙi marasa izini, waɗanda aka fi sani da &quot;baƙi&quot;;  mummunan kyama a kusa da 'yan gudun hijira ya tashi, wani bangare saboda karuwar aikata laifuka da rage yawan ayyukan da ake samu ga 'yan Costa Rica.  A sakamakon haka, ƙuntatawa akan aiki ya taso, irin su Mataki na 13 na Dokar Ma'aikata na Costa Rica wanda ya nuna cewa duk wani aikin aiki dole ne ya zama 90% Costa Rican.   Haƙƙin ɗan gudun hijira na yin aiki ya ragu.  Baƙi ba bisa ƙa'ida ba galibi suna samun aikin yi fiye da 'yan gudun hijira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiley1995&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Wiley |first=James |date=1995 |title=Undocumented Aliens and Recognized Refugees: The Right to Work in Costa Rica |journal=International Migration Review |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=423–440 |doi=10.2307/2546788 |jstor=2546788 |s2cid=147471161}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ayyukan kiwon lafiya na farko sun kasance, kuma sun kasance, masu sauƙi ga 'yan gudun hijira, suna tabbatar da haƙƙin ɗan adam ga kiwon lafiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiley1995&quot;/&gt; Wannan saboda ba a buƙatar takardu a ƙarƙashin Ma'aikatar Lafiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiley1995&quot; /&gt; Wannan kulawa mai sauƙi ta kiwon lafiya ta samo asali ne daga tsoron cewa 'yan gudun hijira suna kawo cututtuka waɗanda za su shafi Costa Ricans idan ba a kula da su ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiley1995&quot; /&gt; Hakanan ana ba da ilimi ga 'yan gudun hijira saboda kasancewa haƙƙin ɗan adam, da kuma Kyakkyawan waje da yake da shi a kan al'ummar Costa Rican.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiley1995&quot; /&gt;

Hawan baƙi ba bisa ka'ida ba a cikin shekarun da suka gabata ya sa haƙƙin 'yan gudun hijira ya faɗi yayin da mummunan kunya ya karu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiley1995&quot;/&gt; A sakamakon haka, Costa Rica ta koma daga kasancewa a buɗewa da maraba da 'yan gudun hijira, zuwa al'umma mai tsayayya da kasancewarsu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fernández1987&quot;/&gt;

Canje-canje na doka a watan Nuwamba 2022 a karkashin Shugaba Rodrigo Chaves sun gabatar da sabbin kalubale. Dokar da ta kafa ka'idojin 'yan gudun hijira na kasar yanzu ta sanya manyan shingen aiki ga masu neman mafaka, gami da hana aikin kai da kuma buƙatar tayin aiki don bayar da izinin aiki.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Asylum Seekers in Costa Rica Struggle to Survive as New Decree Restricts Access to Work |url=https://www.refugeesinternational.org/perspectives-and-commentaries/asylum-seekers-in-costa-rica-struggle-to-survive-as-new-decree-restricts-access-to-work/ |access-date=2024-04-22 |website=Refugees International |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan matakan sun nuna gagarumin canji daga dokokin da suka gabata waɗanda suka sauƙaƙa haɗin gwiwar 'yan gudun hijira da masu neman mafaka a cikin kasuwar aiki.

Wannan dokar ta baya-bayan nan ta haifar da damuwa game da tasirin da take da shi a kan ikon Costa Rica na amsawa yadda ya kamata ga rikicin 'yan gudun hijira, wanda zai iya lalata tarihinta na ci gaba da manufofin' yan gudun hijira da kuma shafar hakkoki da jin daɗin masu neman mafaka a cikin iyakokinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;/&gt;

=== 'Yancin LGBT ===
Advances in LGBT rights in the past few decades in Costa Rica have been met with significant contention.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilson2011&quot;/&gt; Whilst [[Jima'in jinsi|homosexuality]] was decriminalised in the 19th Century, [[Wariya|discrimination]] against homosexuals, a legal practice, remains prevalent.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2023}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; This can in part be attributed to the continued influence of the [[Cocin katolika|Roman Catholic Church]] in Costa Rica, citizens more socially [[Conservatism|conservative]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rico201307&quot; /&gt;

A tarihi, haƙƙin LGBT sun kasance marasa kulawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilson2011&quot;/&gt; Harin 'yan sanda da hare-hare kan mutanen LGBT a cikin dukiyar jama'a da masu zaman kansu sun kasance masu yawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rico201307&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilson2011&quot; /&gt; Nuna bambanci a fagen sana'a ma sananne ne, ana korar mutane da yawa ko kuma ana cin zarafi saboda asalin jima'i.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rico201307&quot; /&gt; Kula da lafiyar [[Kanjamau|Cutar kanjamau]] ya kasance kadan saboda lalacewar da ke kewaye da shi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilson2011&quot; /&gt; Wannan ya karfafa ta hanyar Binciken ra'ayi na kasa na 1999 wanda ya gano kashi 80% na Costa Ricans waɗanda suka amsa sun yi imanin cewa luwadi &quot;ba zai yiwu ba&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilson2011&quot; /&gt;

A cikin 1990 Ministan Gwamnati Desanti ya sanya haramtacciyar mata na kasashen waje da ke tafiya kadai, tare da gajeren gashi ko saka wando, daga shiga Costa Rica, idan sun kasance a can don shiga taron kasa na Lesbians, wanda aka sani da &quot;Encuentro&quot;; ba har zuwa ƙarshen shekarun 1990 ba ne Kotun Koli ta Costa Rica ta yanke hukuncin cewa an tsara haƙƙin mutanen LGBT zuwa taron zaman lafiya a cikin kundin tsarin mulki.

Sauran misalai na nuna bambanci sun haɗa da Luis Fishman wanda ya haramta mutane da ke nuna kansu a matsayin LGBT kamar yadda suke aiki a kan 'yan sanda a 1993. &lt;ref name=&quot;Wilson2011&quot;/&gt; A ƙarshen shekarun 1990s masu yawon bude ido na LGBT zuwa Costa Rica an lakafta su a matsayin masu yawon shakatawa na jima'i waɗanda Eduardo Leon-Paez bai maraba da su a ƙasar ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilson2011&quot; /&gt; A cikin shekara ta 2007, Mario Nunez ya gabatar da lissafin da zai hana mutanen LGBT da [[Spouses|ma'aurata]] masu jinsi guda daga kula da yara. Kudin bai wuce ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rico201307&quot; /&gt; A shekara ta 2008, Kotun Koli ta haramta wa 'ɗan luwaɗi ziyartar matansu a kurkuku, hukuncin ya sauya a shekara ta 2011.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rico201307&quot; /&gt; Yunkurin girman kai na LGBT na farko ya faru ne a shekara ta 2004, ya sadu da juriya mai yawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rico201307&quot; /&gt;

Duk da wannan tsayin daka, tun daga 2010 an sami ci gaba sosai a haƙƙoƙin LGBT, wanda lauya Yashin Castrillo ya sauƙaƙa a 2013 lokacin da aka hana shi auren abokin zamansa[1].  Castrillo ya yi hamayya da wannan sosai, inda ya kawo batun a cikin haske, galibi ta hanyar iƙirarinsa na cewa ka'idodin iyali, waɗanda ke hana ma'auratan aure aure, sun saba wa Mataki na 28, 33 da 39 na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Costa Rica.  A cikin 2010, al'ummar LGBT sun sami wakilcin siyasa tare da zaɓen mataimakiyar tarayya Carmen Munoz, ta sauƙaƙe haɓaka haƙƙin LGBT na doka.]  A cikin 2018, Kotun Koli ta Costa Rica ta yanke hukuncin cewa haramcin auren jinsi ya keta haƙƙin mutanen LGBT, kasancewar nuna wariya da rashin bin ka'ida.  Sakamakon haka, auren ɗan luwaɗi ya zama doka a ranar 26 ga Mayu 2020. Hakanan ana iya danganta wannan halatta ga matsayin IACHR, wanda aka fallasa a cikin 2016, wanda ya ba da fifiko kan mahimmancin haƙƙin LGBT, musamman haƙƙin aure.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dittrich2018&quot; /&gt;
[[Fayil:OscarArias.jpg|thumb|203x203px|Oscar Arias Sanchez, shugaban Costa Rica daga 1986-1990 da 2006-2010]]
Costa Rica ta tabbatar da [[Yarjejeniyar kan 'Yancin Yara|Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan]] [[Haƙƙoƙin yara|'Yancin yara]] (UNCRC) a ranar 21 ga watan Agusta, 1990, ma'ana an tilasta ta doka ta tabbatar da abubuwan da ta ƙunshi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Humanium&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=n.d. |title=Children of Costa Rica |url=https://www.humanium.org/en/costa-rica/ |access-date=2019-05-21 |website=Humanium}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=n.d. |title=Ratification Status for Costa Rica |url=https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/TreatyBodyExternal/Treaty.aspx?CountryID=41&amp;Lang=en |access-date=2019-05-14 |website=UN Treaty Body Database |publisher=OHCHR}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shugaban Costa Rica a shekara ta 2009, Oscar Arias Sanchez, ya bayyana cewa wannan taron 'ya canza tsararraki', ganin manyan ci gaban haƙƙin yara a duk fadin gundumar.&lt;ref name=&quot;Humanium&quot; /&gt; Abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci a cikin wannan yarjejeniya sune haƙƙin yaro ga rayuwa, 'yancin faɗar kai, girmama ra'ayoyinsu da [[Wariya|rashin nuna bambanci]] a kowane tushe na jiki ko tunani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=n.d. |title=Convention on the Rights of the Child |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/convention-rights-child |access-date=2019-05-14 |website=OHCHR}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=n.d. |title=The Convention on the Rights of the Child |url=https://www.acyp.nsw.gov.au/about/the-convention-on-the-rights-of-the-child |access-date=2019-05-14 |website=Advocate for Children and Young People}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ci gaban da aka gani a Costa Rica sun kasance galibi a fannonin kiwon lafiya, ilimi, rashin nuna bambanci da girmamawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Humanium&quot; /&gt;

An ci gaba da ingantawa tun lokacin da aka ci gaba da Manufofin Jama'a don Yara da Matasa 2009-2021 a cikin 2009. Shugaba Sanchez, ministocinsa, Majalisar Kasa kan Ayyukan Kula da Yara da Yara, tare da mataimaki daga babban rukuni na yara ne suka kirkirar wannan Manufar.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNICEF2009&quot; /&gt; Manufar tana da niyyar sake jaddada UNCRC don ci gaba da tabbatarwa da cimma dukkan hakkokin yaro, mai da hankali kan kungiyoyin da ba su da rauni da waɗanda aka ware waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarin, takamaiman kariya da taimako.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNICEF2009&quot; /&gt; Halitta wannan manufofin yana ƙarfafa jajircewar Costa Rica don inganta yanayin yara a duk faɗin ƙasar. &lt;ref name=&quot;UNICEF2009&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Humanium&quot;/&gt;
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    <title>'Yancin Dan Adam a Yemen</title>
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Ana ganin '''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yancin Dan Adam a Yemen''' a matsayin matsala. Sojojin tsaro sun kasance da alhakin [[Gallazawa|azabtarwa]], zalunci har ma da kisan gillar da ba na shari'a ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;derechos&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Derechos: Human Rights in Yemen |url=http://www.derechos.org/human-rights/mena/yemen/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809083441/http://www.derechos.org/human-rights/mena/yemen/ |archive-date=9 August 2014 |access-date=21 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 'yan shekarun nan an sami ci gaba, tare da gwamnati ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar kare hakkin dan adam ta kasa da kasa da yawa, har ma da nada mace, Dokta Wahiba Fara'a, a matsayin Ministan Jihar 'Yancin Dan Adam.

Sauran kafofin sun bayyana cewa matsaloli da yawa sun ci gaba tare da zargin cewa ba a aiwatar da waɗannan gyare-gyare ba kuma har yanzu ana cin zarafin, musamman a fannonin [[Haƙƙoƙin Mata|'Yancin mata]],' yancin manema labarai, [[Gallazawa|azabtarwa]] da zalunci na' yan sanda. Akwai kamawa na wucin gadi na 'yan ƙasa da kuma binciken gidaje. Tsawon tsare-tsare kafin a yi shari'a matsala ce mai tsanani, kuma cin hanci da rashawa na shari'a, rashin inganci, da tsangwama na zartarwa suna lalata tsarin da ya dace. 'Yanci na magana, 'yan jarida da addini duk an ƙuntata su.&lt;ref name=&quot;derechos&quot;/&gt; A cikin 2018 da 2019, kafofin da yawa, gami da [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] sun bayyana halin da ake ciki na haƙƙin ɗan adam a Yemen a matsayin mafi muni a duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=15 October 2018 |title=Why is Yemen the world's worst humanitarian crisis? |url=https://www.rescue.org/article/why-yemen-worlds-worst-humanitarian-crisis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409035331/https://www.rescue.org/article/why-yemen-worlds-worst-humanitarian-crisis |archive-date=9 April 2019 |access-date=17 March 2019 |website=International Rescue Committee (IRC)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A Call For A Cease-Fire In Yemen Makes News. Its Catastrophe Doesn't |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2018/11/01/662634864/a-call-for-a-ceasefire-in-yemen-makes-news-its-catastrophe-doesnt |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190317212726/https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2018/11/01/662634864/a-call-for-a-ceasefire-in-yemen-makes-news-its-catastrophe-doesnt |archive-date=17 March 2019 |access-date=17 March 2019 |website=NPR.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yemen is undeniably the world's worst humanitarian crisis: WFP |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/09/yemen-undeniably-world-worst-humanitarian-crisis-wfp-180928051150315.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325002417/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/09/yemen-undeniably-world-worst-humanitarian-crisis-wfp-180928051150315.html |archive-date=25 March 2019 |access-date=17 March 2019 |website=www.aljazeera.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 November 2018 |title=Yemen: UN chief hails 'signs of hope' in world's worst man-made humanitarian disaster |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2018/11/1024782 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190425233355/https://news.un.org/en/story/2018/11/1024782 |archive-date=25 April 2019 |access-date=17 March 2019 |website=UN News}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2019 |title=Humanitarian crisis in Yemen remains the worst in the world, warns UN |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/02/1032811 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325081131/https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/02/1032811 |archive-date=25 March 2019 |access-date=17 March 2019 |website=UN News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yarjejeniya ==
Yemen jam'iyya ce ga yarjejeniyoyin kare hakkin dan adam masu zuwa: 

* Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da nuna bambanci ga mata (CEDAW) 
* Yarjejeniyar da ta shafi Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira
* Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da nuna bambanci tsakanin launin fata
* Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa
* Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Tattalin Arziki, Jama'a da Al'adu
* Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan haramta kisan kare dangi
* Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan Laifukan Yakin da Laifukan Kan Dan Adam
* Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Siyasa na Mata
* Yarjejeniyar Yarjejeniyar Aure da Mafi ƙarancin Shekarar Aure da Yarjejeniyar aure Rijistar
* Yarjejeniyar kan haramtacciyar Ciniki da Cin Hanci da rashawa
* Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan haramta nuna bambanci tsakanin launin fata
* Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Yara
* Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan yaki da azabtarwa, zalunci da rashin mutunci
* Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 1994 da Yarjejeniyar da aka haɗa ta 1997

== 'Yancin mata ==
{{Human rights in the Middle East}}Duk da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Yemen na 1994, wanda ya tsara daidaito ga 'yan ƙasar Yemen, mata har yanzu suna fama da ƙuntatawa daban-daban da matsayi na biyu. Dokar Yanayin Mutum ta Yemen musamman, wacce ta shafi batutuwan aure, kisan aure, kula da yara da gado, ta ba mata ƙananan hakkoki fiye da maza, ta ware mata daga yanke shawara, kuma ta hana su damar, da sarrafawa, albarkatu da dukiya.

Ba a ba da damar saki ga mata daidai ba. Yana da wahala ga mace ta saki namiji. Namiji na iya saki mace yadda yake so. Duk da yake namiji na iya saki ba tare da tabbatar da aikinsa a kotu ba, dole ne mace ta gabatar da isasshen hujja. Mata suna fuskantar abubuwa da yawa masu amfani, zamantakewa, da kuma kudi a cikin tsarin saki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Freedom House |url=http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=186 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070713105709/http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=186 |archive-date=July 13, 2007 |access-date=17 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman shari'a don samun tallace-tallace a duniya shine Nujood Ali, wanda ya yi nasarar samun saki yana da shekaru goma,   tare da taimakon wata fitacciyar lauya ta Yemen wacce ta amince da wakiltar ta.

Yemen tana da daya daga cikin mafi munin rikodin auren yara a duniya, tare da rikodin UNICEF a shekara ta 2005 cewa kashi 48.4% na matan Yemen da ke da shekaru 20-24 a halin yanzu sun yi aure kafin su kai 18 (da 14% kafin su kai shekara 15). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=15 April 2005 |title=Early Marriage: A Harmful Traditional Practice |url=http://www.unicef.org/publications/index_26024.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617201313/http://www.unicef.org/publications/index_26024.html |archive-date=17 June 2016 |access-date=21 May 2016 |website=UNICEF}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kafin hadin kan Yemen a shekarar 1990, dokar ta sanya mafi karancin shekarun aure a 16 a Yemen ta Kudu da 15 a arewa. Bayan hadin kai, an kafa dokar a 15. A cikin 1999, an yi wa dokar matsayin farar hula gyare-gyare kuma an soke mafi ƙarancin shekaru. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2010, sabuwar doka mai rikitarwa ta sanya mafi ƙarancin shekaru don aure a shekara 17. 'Yan majalisa masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun yi tsayayya da lissafin a kan cewa sanya mafi ƙarancin shekarun aure ya saɓa da Islama. Sauran abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa ga auren yara sun haɗa da al'adun al'adu, matsin tattalin arziki ga iyayen 'yan mata, da kuma darajar da aka sanya akan budurwa da kuma sha'awar kare su daga jima'i a waje da aure.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Elie |first=Janise |last2=agencies |date=11 September 2013 |title=Yemeni child bride, eight, 'dies on wedding night' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/sep/11/yemen-child-bride-dies-wedding |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410022035/https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/sep/11/yemen-child-bride-dies-wedding |archive-date=10 April 2019 |access-date=17 March 2019 |via=www.theguardian.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sauran abubuwan da za su iya haifar da su sun haɗa da sha'awar tsofaffin mazaje ga matasa, matan da suka miƙa wuya, da kuma imanin cewa 'yan mata ba su da damar ɗaukar kwayar cutar kanjamau da cutar kanjamawa. Hadarin auren farko ga 'yan mata sun haɗa da karuwar haɗarin kiwon lafiya da ke tattare da juna biyu na farko, warewar jama'a, karuwar haɗari na fuskantar tashin hankali na gida da kuma rage ilimin' yan mata, ci gaba da ba da gudummawa ga 'mata na talauci'.

Samun damar mata zuwa kula da lafiyar uwa yana da ƙuntatawa sosai. A mafi yawan lokuta, mazaje suna yanke shawarar haihuwa na mata. Yana da wahala ga mata su sami rigakafin haihuwa, ko kuma su yi aiki don magani ba tare da izinin miji ba. Yawan mace-mace na yara a Yemen da kuma na huɗu mafi saurin karuwa a duniya an danganta su da rashin yanke shawara na mata a cikin ciki da kuma samun damar ayyukan kiwon lafiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=IRIN - Early marriage a challenge to development, experts say |url=http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=26227 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218100310/http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=26227 |archive-date=18 February 2012 |access-date=21 May 2016 |website=IRIN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mata suna da saukin kamuwa da cin zarafin jima'i daga masu tsaron kurkuku, kuma akwai ƙananan, idan akwai, azabtarwa don cin zarafin mata fiye da maza. Dokar ta tanadi kariya ga mata daga tashin hankali na gida, amma a zahiri akwai kariya kaɗan ga mata da ke fama da tashin hankali na cikin gida kuma ba a gudanar da bincike na irin waɗannan abubuwan ba. Ba a ba da rahoton cin zarafin ma'aurata ko cin zarafin gida ga 'yan sanda ba saboda ka'idojin zamantakewa da al'adu, ma'ana mata suna yin shiru a ƙarƙashin waɗannan cin zarafin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=UNDP - Inequalities |url=http://www.undp.org.ye/Inequalities.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071117101900/http://www.undp.org.ye/Inequalities.php |archive-date=2007-11-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== 'Yanci na' yan jarida ==
A shekara ta 2005, Yemen ta kasance ta 136 cikin kasashe 167 dangane da 'yancin' yan jarida. Gwamnati tana da iko a kan dukkan talabijin da rediyo kuma ta haramta 'yan jarida don buga bayanai &quot;maras kyau&quot;. A shekara ta 2001, 'yan jarida a jaridar ''Al-Shura'' sun sami bulala 80 don ɓata sunan Abdul Majeed al-Zindani, shugaban babbar jam'iyyar Islama a kasar. An kuma rufe jaridar. A cewar Human Rights Watch, &quot;A karkashin ka'idojin Dokar Labarai ta 1990, wanda aka bayar a 1993 da 1998, jaridu dole ne su nemi Ma'aikatar Bayanai don sabunta lasisin su na shekara-shekara... a tsakiyar 2000 kusan rabin wallafe-wallafen Yemen 200 ne kawai aka ba su lasisi. &quot;

Ofishin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ([[Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Ƴancin Dan Adam|OHCHR]]) ya rubuta wasu laifuffuka da yawa na kare hakkin dan adam a kan 'yan jarida a Yemen wadanda suka hada da kashe-kashen, bacewar mutane da kuma hukuncin kisa da bangarorin da ke yaƙi a cikin rikicin makamai na Yemen suka yi. A ranar 2 ga Yuni, 2020, a gundumar Dar Sa'ad, an kashe ɗan jaridar AFP Nabeel Al-Qitee'e a gaban gidansa. A ranar 11 ga Afrilu 2020, an yanke wa 'yan jarida hudu hukuncin kisa kuma kotun hukunta wasu shida a babban birnin [[Sanaa|Sana'a]], wanda 'Yan tawayen Houthi ke sarrafawa. Tun lokacin da aka fara rikici a shekarar 2015, an kwace kungiyoyin yada labarai 24, an rufe tashoshin talabijin 26 da hukumomin jarida. A cewar OHCHR, an rubuta take hakkin dan adam 357 da cin zarafin da aka yi wa 'yan jarida, gami da kamawa da tsare-tsare 184, kashe-kashen 28, hare-hare 45, [[Rashin da aka tilasta|bacewar tilasta]] 2 da sace daya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yemen: Human rights violations against journalists, coming 'from all quarters' |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/08/1069652 |access-date=6 August 2020 |website=UN News }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 6 ga Nuwamba 2020, Human Rights Watch ta bayyana cewa 'yan jarida hudu da hukumomin Houthi suka tsare a Yemen tun 2015 an tuhume su da hukuncin kisa kuma an ba su kulawa mara kyau yayin da suke kurkuku. An kama fursunoni huɗu kuma an yanke musu hukuncin kisa ba tare da shari'a mai kyau ba a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 2020, ta kotun da ke karkashin ikon Houthi a Sanaa. Kotun ta zargi 'yan jarida da cin amana da leken asiri ga jihohin kasashen waje la'akari da aikin jarida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yemen: Jailed Journalists Face Abuse, Death Penalty |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/11/06/yemen-jailed-journalists-face-abuse-death-penalty |access-date=6 November 2020 |website=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== 'Yanci na addini ==
{{Asia in topic|Human rights in}}Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ba da 'yancin addini, kuma Gwamnati gabaɗaya tana girmama wannan haƙƙin a aikace; duk da haka, akwai wasu ƙuntatawa. Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya bayyana cewa Islama ita ce addinin jihar, kuma Shari'a (dokar Islama) ita ce tushen dukkan dokoki. Manufofin gwamnati sun ci gaba da ba da gudummawa ga aikin addini ba kyauta ba; duk da haka, akwai wasu ƙuntatawa. Musulmai da mabiyan kungiyoyin addinai ban da Islama suna da 'yanci su bauta bisa ga imanin su, amma Gwamnati ta haramta tuba daga Islama da kuma tuba ga Musulmai.

Kodayake dangantakar da ke tsakanin kungiyoyin addinai ta ci gaba da ba da gudummawa ga 'yancin addini, akwai wasu rahotanni game da cin zarafin al'umma da nuna bambanci bisa ga imani ko aiki na addini. Akwai hare-hare a kan Yahudawa kuma wasu fitattun Musulmai na Zaydi sun ji cewa hukumomin gwamnati sun yi niyya da su saboda addininsu. Sake shiga soja na gwamnati a cikin lardin Saada ya haifar da rikice-rikicen siyasa, kabilanci, da addini don sake fitowa a watan Janairun 2007, biyo bayan rikici na soja na uku tare da 'yan tawaye da ke da alaƙa da iyalin al-Houthi, waɗanda ke bin makarantar Zaydi ta Shi'a Islam. 

Tun farkon Rikicin Shia, an kama Zaidis da yawa da ake zargi da tallafawa Al-Houthi kuma an tsare su ba tare da tuhuma ko shari'a ba. A cewar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, Rahoton 'Yancin Addini na Duniya na 2007, &quot;Wasu Zaydis sun ba da rahoton cin zarafi da nuna bambanci da Gwamnati ta yi saboda ana zargin su da tausayi ga al-Houthis. Koyaya, ya bayyana cewa ayyukan Gwamnati a kan kungiyar tabbas sun kasance a siyasa, ba addini ba, saboda motsawa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yemen |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90224.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190630144233/https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90224.htm |archive-date=30 June 2019 |access-date=21 May 2016 |website=U.S. Department of State}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin LGBT ==
{{Yemeni Civil War (2014–present)}}Kwastam ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a [[Yemen]] daidai da tsarin [[Shari'a]] Shari'a na kasar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.asylumlaw.org/docs/sexualminorities/Yemen%202%20%5BSO%5D%5B96-98%5D.pdf ''International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission: Status of Sexual minorities – Yemen'']{{Dead link|date=April 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mutanen LGBT a Yemen na iya fuskantar nuna bambanci, shari'a, da ƙalubalen zamantakewa. Hukunce-hukunce ga luwadi ya fito ne daga bulala zuwa mutuwa.&lt;ref&gt;[http://personals.advocate.com/print_article_ektid5981.asp ''New book details increase in antigay violence worldwide'']{{Dead link|date=November 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://console.clubsonline.com.au/gallery/images/Baudh_An%20FCO%20programme%20for%20promoting%20the%20human%20rights%20of%20LGBT%20people.pdf ''An FCO programme for promoting the human rights of LGBT people'']{{Dead link|date=April 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yemen na ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe bakwai da suka yi amfani da hukuncin kisa don ayyukan [[Jima'in jinsi|Jima'i]] tsakanin manya na jinsi ɗaya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dadp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=''World Day against Death Penalty: 7 countries still put people to death for same-sex acts'' |url=http://ilga.org/news_results.asp?LanguageID=1&amp;FileCategoryID=50&amp;FileID=1111&amp;ZoneID=7 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091030011857/http://www.ilga.org/news_results.asp?LanguageID=1&amp;FileCategoryID=50&amp;FileID=1111&amp;ZoneID=7 |archive-date=October 30, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gwamnati ta toshe shafukan yanar gizo na gay da [[Maɗigo|lesbian]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Study: 25 countries block Web sites, including those with gay content - News - Advocate.com |url=http://www.advocate.com/news_detail_ektid45332.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081026182130/http://www.advocate.com/news_detail_ektid45332.asp |archive-date=26 October 2008 |access-date=21 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Matsayin hukuma shi ne cewa babu 'yan luwadi a Yemen.&lt;ref name=&quot;attwy&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=''And then there was Yemen.'' |url=http://www.advocateinsider.com/2007/11/and-then-theres.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113170128/http://www.advocateinsider.com/2007/11/and-then-theres.html |archive-date=January 13, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya zuwa shekara ta 2007, babu wani sararin jama'a ko rabin jama'a ga masu luwadi kamar yadda yake a kasashen yamma.&lt;ref name=&quot;attwy&quot; /&gt;

A sakamakon Sharia, ana kashe mutanen LGBT a hare-hare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 January 2014 |title=Yemen: 25-year-old man shot dead for being gay |url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2014/01/08/yemen-25-year-old-man-shot-dead-for-being-gay/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060153/http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2014/01/08/yemen-25-year-old-man-shot-dead-for-being-gay/ |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=21 May 2016 |website=PinkNews}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Cinikin mutane ==
Rahoton Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka na 2013 Trafficking in Persons ya rarraba Yemen a matsayin ƙasa ta Tier 3, &lt;ref name=&quot;trafficking-in-persons-2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=Trafficking in Persons Report: Country Narratives T - Z and Special Case |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/210742.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526201501/https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/210742.pdf |archive-date=26 May 2019 |access-date=19 August 2013 |publisher=United States Department of State}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma'ana cewa gwamnatinta ba ta cika cikakkun ka'idojin da suka shafi fataucin mutane kuma ba ta yin gagarumin ƙoƙari don yin hakan. &lt;ref name=&quot;tiers-2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |year=2011 |title=Tiers: Placement, Guide, and Penalties for Tier 3 Countries |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2011/164221.htm |access-date=19 August 2013 |publisher=United States Department of State}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rashin bin 'yancin yara a lokacin yakin basasa ==
[[Amnesty International]] ta yi tir da daukar kananan yara maza a karkashin shekaru 17 a hannun kungiyar Houthi ta [[Yemen]] don yin yaƙi a matsayin yara sojoji a kan gaba na [[Yakin Basasar Yemeni (2014-Yanzu)|Yaƙin basasar Yemen]]. A tsakiyar watan Fabrairun 2017, yara maza hudu, masu shekaru tsakanin 15 zuwa 17, Huthis ne suka dauka a [[Sanaa|Sana'a]]; jimlar adadin yaran da aka dauka ba a sani ba. Tun lokacin da yara suka yi farin ciki don harba Kalashnikovs da bindigogi kuma su sa kayan soja, Houthis sun gudanar da cibiyoyin gida waɗanda ke gudanar da ayyukan kamar addu'o'i, laccoci da laccoci inda aka ƙarfafa su shiga yaƙe-yaƙe na gaba don kare Yemen da Saudi Arabia. Kamar yadda rahoton ya bayyana, koyaushe suna ɗaukar ma'aikaci ɗaya daga kowane iyali; kuma lokacin da ɗa ya mutu, an ba da albashi na kowane wata, wanda aka kiyasta tsakanin 20,000 da 30,000 Yemen Riyals, ga iyalin. A cewar hukumomin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kusan mutane 1,500 da suka kamu da yara sun shiga cikin rikici tun watan Maris na shekara ta 2015. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 28, 2017 |title=Yemen: Huthi forces recruiting child soldiers for front-line combat |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2017/02/yemen-huthi-forces-recruiting-child-soldiers-for-front-line-combat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170521171958/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2017/02/yemen-huthi-forces-recruiting-child-soldiers-for-front-line-combat/ |archive-date=May 21, 2017 |access-date=June 27, 2017 |publisher=[[Amnesty International]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &amp;nbsp;

[[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]] da [[Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa]] sun hayar yara sojoji daga [[Sudan]] (musamman daga Darfur), da Yemen don yin yaƙi da Houthis a lokacin yakin basasar Yemen (2015-yanzu).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 December 2018 |title=Child soldiers from Darfur fighting at front line of war in Yemen, returned soldiers say |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/child-soldiers-yemen-war-sudan-saudi-arabia-darfur-poor-front-line-deaths-janjaweed-a8703186.html |website=The Independent}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 December 2018 |title=Saudi Arabia recruited Darfur children to fight in Yemen: NYT |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/12/29/saudi-arabia-recruited-darfur-children-to-fight-in-yemen-nyt |website=Aljazeera}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kirkpatrick |first=David D. |date=28 December 2018 |title=On the Front Line of the Saudi War in Yemen: Child Soldiers From Darfur (Published 2018) |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/28/world/africa/saudi-sudan-yemen-child-fighters.html |website=The New York Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sojojin SAS na musamman na Burtaniya suna da hannu wajen horar da yara sojoji a Yemen. An ruwaito akalla kashi 40% na sojoji da ke yaƙi da hadin gwiwar Saudiyya yara ne.&lt;ref name=&quot;urlSerious questions over SAS involvement in Yemen war | UK news | The Guardian&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title='Serious' questions over SAS involvement in Yemen war &amp;#124; UK news &amp;#124; The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/mar/27/serious-questions-over-sas-involvement-in-yemen-war |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328170441/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/mar/27/serious-questions-over-sas-involvement-in-yemen-war |archive-date=28 March 2019 |website=[[TheGuardian.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Saudi Arabia kuma tana hayar yara sojoji na Yemen don kare iyakar Saudiyya daga Houthis.&lt;ref name=&quot;urlExclusive: Yemeni child soldiers recruited by Saudi-UAE coalition | Saudi Arabia News | Al Jazeera&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Exclusive: Yemeni child soldiers recruited by Saudi-UAE coalition &amp;#124; Saudi Arabia News &amp;#124; Al Jazeera |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2019/03/exclusive-yemeni-child-soldiers-recruited-saudi-uae-coalition-190329132329547.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402091726/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2019/03/exclusive-yemeni-child-soldiers-recruited-saudi-uae-coalition-190329132329547.html |archive-date=2 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Yunin 2019, Mike Pompeo, Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Amurka, ya hana shigar da Saudi Arabia a cikin jerin kasashen Amurka da ke daukar yara sojoji, ya watsar da binciken masana nasa cewa hadin gwiwar Saudiyya tana amfani da yara a yakin basasar Yemen. &lt;ref name=&quot;urlPompeo blocks inclusion of Saudi Arabia on US child soldiers list | US news | The Guardian&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 18, 2019 |title=Pompeo blocks inclusion of Saudi Arabia on US child soldiers list |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jun/18/mike-pompeo-saudi-arabia-yemen-sudan-child-soldiers |via=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aiki ==
Tun daga shekara ta 2015 ILO tana aiki tare da [[United Nations Development Programme|Shirin Ci Gaban]] [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] (UNDP)  don ƙirƙirar sabbin ayyuka da samar da kudaden shiga a Yemen. [[The World Bank|Bankin Duniya]], Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, [[Tarayyar Turai]] da [[Islamic Development Bank|Bankin Ci Gaban Musulunci]] sun shiga ILO don shirya rahotanni masu yawa na Lalacewar da Bukatar (DNA). &lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=The ILO Technical Cooperation Programme in Yemen |url=https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---arabstates/---ro-beirut/documents/briefingnote/wcms_537983.pdf |access-date=2021-07-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; ILO ta aiwatar da Tsarin Bayanai na Kasuwancin Kwadago tare da hadin gwiwar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Jama'a da Kwadago don tallafawa manufofin aiki da [[Silatech]] na Qatar, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) da kuma kudaden ILO suka tallafawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ILO's Voluntary Core Contributions (Regular Budget Supplementary Account – RBSA): Success stories from the Arab States |url=https://www.arabtradeunion.org/upload/ILO%E2%80%99s%20Voluntary%20Core%20Contributions%20(RBSA)%20Success%20stories%20from%20the%20Arab%20States.compressed.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031015227/https://www.arabtradeunion.org/upload/ILO%E2%80%99s%20Voluntary%20Core%20Contributions%20(RBSA)%20Success%20stories%20from%20the%20Arab%20States.compressed.pdf |archive-date=2021-10-31 |access-date=2021-09-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ayyukan &quot;Ilimi na Kasuwanci- Sanin game da kasuwanci&quot;  da &quot;Shirin Kasuwanci na Mata a Yemen&quot;  Asusun Ci Gaban Jama'a ne ya ba da kuɗin don samar da damar samun ƙwarewar kasuwanci na asali.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=EUROPEAN DIALOGUE Youth Financial Inclusion |url=https://silatech.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/al-amal-eu-dialogue.pdf |access-date=2021-07-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Development (SFD) |first=Social Fund for |date=2013-05-17 |title=Women Entrepreneurship Programme in Yemen |url=http://www.ilo.org/beirut/projects/WCMS_213575/lang--en/index.htm |access-date=2021-07-14 |website=www.ilo.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, ILO ta yi haɗin gwiwa tare da UNDP don tallafawa samun damar yin aiki ga matasa da aiwatar da aikin &quot;Livelihood and Economic Recovery&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Wiener Zeitung |title=United Nations Development Programme - ADMIN &amp; FINANCE ASSOCIATE FOR LIVELIHOOD AND ECONOMIC RECOVERY - STRENGTHENING SOCIAL COHESION AND COMMUNITY RESILIENCE |url=https://www.wienerzeitung.at/amtsblatt/jobs/internationale_jobs/655507_ADMIN-und-FINANCE-ASSOCIATE-FOR-LIVELIHOOD-AND-ECONOMIC-RECOVERY-STRENGTHENING-SOCIAL-COHESION-AND-COMMUNITY-RESILIENCE.html?em_cnt_page=1 |access-date=2021-07-14 |website=Internationale Jobs |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot; /&gt;

== Kurkuku na sirri ==
[[Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa]] tana gudanar da Kurkuku na sirri a [[Yemen]] inda ake tilasta wa fursunoni su ɓace kuma ana azabtar da su. Har ila yau, Amurka ta yarda da yin tambayoyi ga fursunoni amma ta m[[Tarayyar Amurka|US]] &quot;duk wani shiga ko sanin cin zarafin bil'adama&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Disappearances and torture in southern Yemen detention facilities must be investigated as war crimes |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2018/07/disappearances-and-torture-in-southern-yemen-detention-facilities-must-be-investigated-as-war-crimes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403013201/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2018/07/disappearances-and-torture-in-southern-yemen-detention-facilities-must-be-investigated-as-war-crimes/ |archive-date=3 April 2019 |access-date=17 March 2019 |website=www.amnesty.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 25, 2017 |title=Inside numerous secret prisons in Yemen, the UAE tortures and the U.S. interrogates detainees: Re... |url=http://www.salon.com/2017/06/25/inside-numerous-secret-prisons-in-yemen-the-uae-tortures-and-the-u-s-interrogates-detainees-report/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133425/https://www.salon.com/2017/06/25/inside-numerous-secret-prisons-in-yemen-the-uae-tortures-and-the-u-s-interrogates-detainees-report/ |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |access-date=August 14, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=HRW: UAE backs torture and disappearances in Yemen |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/06/hrw-uae-backs-torture-disappearances-yemen-170622094158991.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801120734/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/06/hrw-uae-backs-torture-disappearances-yemen-170622094158991.html |archive-date=2018-08-01 |access-date=2018-08-14 |website=www.aljazeera.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Amnesty urges probe into report of UAE torture in Yemen |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/06/amnesty-urges-probe-claims-uae-torture-yemen-170622192753316.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801124834/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/06/amnesty-urges-probe-claims-uae-torture-yemen-170622192753316.html |archive-date=2018-08-01 |access-date=2018-08-14 |website=www.aljazeera.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=UAE runs 'horrific network of torture' in secret Yemen prisons: report |url=https://www.dailysabah.com/mideast/2017/06/22/uae-runs-horrific-network-of-torture-in-secret-yemen-prisons-report |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133337/https://www.dailysabah.com/mideast/2017/06/22/uae-runs-horrific-network-of-torture-in-secret-yemen-prisons-report |archive-date=2018-07-03 |access-date=2018-08-14 |website=[[Daily Sabah]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Dimokuradiyya a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka
* Zaben a Yemen
* Hooria Mashhour, tsohon Ministan Kare Hakkin Dan Adam
* [[Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da Gabas ta Tsakiya|'Yancin Dan Adam a Gabas ta Tsakiya]]
* [[Hakkokin ɗan Adam a kasashen Musulmi|'Yancin Dan Adam a Kasashen Musulunci]]

== Manazarta ==

== Haɗin waje ==

* [https://www.hrw.org/middle-east/n-africa/yemen Human Rights Watch: Yemen]
* [[International Freedom of Expression Exchange|IFEX]].org/en/content/view/full/232/&quot; id=&quot;mwA7A&quot; rel=&quot;mw:ExtLink nofollow&quot;&gt;Censorship a Yemen - IFEX
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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Cibiyar 5 Gyres kungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta 501 (c) (3)  wacce ke mai da hankali kan rage [[Gurbacewar Robobi|gurɓataccen filastik]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://www.5gyres.org/ |access-date=2017-07-05 |website=5Gyres.org |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; ta hanyar mai da hankali ga bincike na farko. Shirye-shiryen suna mai da hankali kan kimiyya, ilimi da kasada (bincike na bincike ga 'yan ƙasa-masana kimiyya). Tun daga shekara ta 2017, 5 Gyres ya kasance a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman tare da Majalisar Tattalin Arziki da Jama'a ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. An gabatar da aikin kungiyar na 2015 a cikin shirin fim na 2017 &quot;Smog of the Sea,&quot; wanda Jack Johnson ya samar, wanda ya shiga cikin tafiyar.

Sunan kungiyoyi yana nuni ne ga manyan gires guda biyar na subtropical dukansu suna da [[Gurbacewar Robobi|gurɓataccen filastik]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Plastic FAQs |url=https://www.5gyres.org/faq |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=5Gyres.org |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-06-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616095656/https://www.5gyres.org/faq |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi ==
5 Gyres ta kafa ta Anna Cummins da Marcus Eriksen. Eriksen da Cummins sun kasance masu magana a jami'o'i &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Perils of Plastic: Notes from the Oceans and the Great Lakes |url=http://www.fredonia.edu/gogreen/earthweek/keynote.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411095105/http://www.fredonia.edu/gogreen/earthweek/keynote.asp |archive-date=2015-04-11 |access-date=8 March 2013 |website=Earth Week |publisher=SUNY Fredonia}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma a cikin labaran labarai. Anna Cummins kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta Golden Goody, a lokacin taron [[Los Angeles]] na USNC don Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta farko ta shekara-shekara.  Kafin kafa 5 Gyres, Cummins da Eriksen sun yi aiki a Algalita Marine Research Foundation, tare da wanda ya kafa Charles J. Moore, wanda a halin yanzu mai ba da shawara ne na kimiyya ga 5 Gyros.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=5 Gyres, Advisors and Staff |url=http://5gyres.org/who_we_are/advisors_and_staff/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130402033327/http://5gyres.org/who_we_are/advisors_and_staff/ |archive-date=2013-04-02 |access-date=8 March 2013 |publisher=5 Gyres}}&lt;/ref&gt;

5 Gyres na ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi biyu da suka aika da Expeditions don bincika Babban Gishiri na Pacific .  5 Gyres sun gabatar da sakamakon su a Aquarium of the Pacific  kuma an ambaci su a matsayin tushen kimanta girman gyres. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=5 Gyres: Saving our Synthetic Seas |url=http://www.aquariumofpacific.org/events/info/5_gyres_saving_our_synthetic_seas/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208083147/http://www.aquariumofpacific.org/events/info/5_gyres_saving_our_synthetic_seas/ |archive-date=2013-02-08 |access-date=19 February 2013 |publisher=Aquarium of the Pacific}}&lt;/ref&gt; 5 Gyres ya bayyana ayyukansu a watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo na National Aquarium,  an nuna su a shafin yanar gizon Two Oceans Aquarium,  kuma sun shirya shawarwari kan yadda za a rage amfani da filastik.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=January 1, 2013: The Great Pacific Garbage Patch |url=http://www.aqua.org/care/a-blue-view |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125091929/http://www.aqua.org/care/a-blue-view |archive-date=January 25, 2013 |access-date=14 February 2013 |website=Blue View radio series |publisher=National Aquarium}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marcus |first=Eriksen |title=5 Gyres Q&amp;A: Thinking about solutions |url=http://www.aquarium.co.za/blog/entry/5_gyres_qa_thinking_about_solutions/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515092036/http://www.aquarium.co.za/blog/entry/5_gyres_qa_thinking_about_solutions/ |archive-date=15 May 2013 |access-date=19 February 2013 |publisher=Two Oceans Aquarium, Cape Town, South Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; 5 Gyres ya kuma yi aiki tare da mai zane-zane na muhalli [[Marina DeBris]] a cikin amfani da [[trashion]] don taimakawa wajen wayar da kan jama'a game da sharar teku. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Novak |first=Brennan |title=Marina Debris aka Garbage Girl rocks trash couture in Japan |url=http://5gyres.org/posts/2012/06/20/marina_debris_aka_garbage_girl_rocks_trash_couture_in_japan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628052541/http://5gyres.org/posts/2012/06/20/marina_debris_aka_garbage_girl_rocks_trash_couture_in_japan |archive-date=2012-06-28 |access-date=8 March 2013 |publisher=5 Gyres}}&lt;/ref&gt;

5 Gyres ita ce ƙungiya ta farko da ta bincika gurɓataccen filastik a cikin manyan gires guda biyar &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Eriksen |first=Marcus |last2=Maximenko |first2=Nikolai |last3=Thiel |first3=Martin |last4=Cummins |first4=Anna |last5=Lattin |first5=Gwen |last6=Wilson |first6=Stiv |last7=Hafner |first7=Jan |last8=Zellers |first8=Ann |last9=Rifman |first9=Samuel |date=2013-03-15 |title=Plastic pollution in the South Pacific subtropical gyre |journal=Marine Pollution Bulletin |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=71–76 |doi=10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.12.021 |pmid=23324543}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ta farko don ƙayyade yawan filastik da ke saman tekun duniya: Kusan tan 270,000 da ɓangarori tiriliyan 5.25. Sun buga wannan binciken a matsayin Global Estimate of Plastic Pollution a cikin 2014,  wanda zai sake sabuntawa a cikin 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Eriksen |first=Marcus |last2=Lebreton |first2=Laurent C. M. |last3=Carson |first3=Henry S. |last4=Thiel |first4=Martin |last5=Moore |first5=Charles J. |last6=Borerro |first6=Jose C. |last7=Galgani |first7=Francois |last8=Ryan |first8=Peter G. |last9=Reisser |first9=Julia |date=2014-12-10 |title=Plastic Pollution in the World's Oceans: More than 5 Trillion Plastic Pieces Weighing over 250,000 Tons Afloat at Sea |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=e111913 |bibcode=2014PLoSO...9k1913E |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0111913 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=4262196 |pmid=25494041 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; A tarihi, kungiyar ta gabatar da nune-nunen tafiye-tafiye,  gami da tsayawa a jami'o'i  da tattaunawar ilimi; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=5 Gyres: Plastic Pollution in the World's Oceans at the Santa Monica Public Library |url=http://www.santa-monica.org/Content.aspx?id=16197 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101222221127/http://santa-monica.org/Content.aspx?id=16197 |archive-date=22 December 2010 |access-date=19 February 2013 |publisher=City of Santa Monica}}&lt;/ref&gt; a cikin 2016 gabatarwarsu ta ilimi &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=5 Gyres Bike Tour to Stop at UNCW |url=http://uncw.edu/articles/2012/10/5-gyres-bike-tour-to-stop-at-uncw/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160616223624/http://uncw.edu/articles/2012/10/5-gyres-bike-tour-to-stop-at-uncw/ |archive-date=2016-06-16 |access-date=14 February 2013 |publisher=University of North Carolina, Wilmington}}&lt;/ref&gt; ta kai dalibai 3,000 ta hanyar shirin &quot;Kowane yaro a cikin Park&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Every Kid in a Park {{!}} Main |url=https://www.everykidinapark.gov/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706143918/https://www.everykidinapark.gov/ |archive-date=2017-07-06 |access-date=2017-07-05 |website=www.everykidinapark.gov |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2012, 5 Gyres shine na farko da ya gano cewa microbeads na filastik (wanda aka saba samu a cikin samfuran kulawa na mutum kamar maganin hakora da sabulu na exfoliating) suna gurɓata hanyoyinmu na ruwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mason |first=Sherri A. |last2=Kammin |first2=Laura |last3=Eriksen |first3=Marcus |last4=Aleid |first4=Ghadah |last5=Wilson |first5=Stiv |last6=Box |first6=Carolyn |last7=Williamson |first7=Nick |last8=Riley |first8=Anjanette |date=2016-08-01 |title=Pelagic plastic pollution within the surface waters of Lake Michigan, USA |url=https://scholarsphere.psu.edu/resources/daa021c4-9fe2-4df2-b3e9-6d7ffc26dbbe |journal=Journal of Great Lakes Research |volume=42 |issue=4 |pages=753–759 |doi=10.1016/j.jglr.2016.05.009 |doi-access=free |access-date=2025-08-07 |archive-date=2025-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250708185130/https://scholarsphere.psu.edu/resources/daa021c4-9fe2-4df2-b3e9-6d7ffc26dbbe |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; 5 Gyres ya yi amfani da wannan binciken don taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar hadin gwiwa wanda ya gamsar da kamfanoni kamar [[Procter &amp; Gamble]], Johnson &amp;amp;amp; Johnson da L'Oreal don fitar da microbeads na filastik. Bayan shekaru biyu kawai, yakin ya karu zuwa cikin motsi na kasa, wanda ya kai ga nasarar da aka samu lokacin da Shugaba Obama ya sanya hannu kan Dokar Microbead-Free Waters a cikin doka a ƙarshen 2015. 

Wannan nasarar ta jaddada tsarin Gyres na amfani da kimiyya don fitar da mafita, kuma ta sanar da tsarin kungiyar don wayar da kan jama'a game da gurɓataccen filastik na polystyrene da Styrofoam ta hanyar kamfen ɗin su na 2017 {{Not a typo|&lt;nowiki&gt;#foamfree&lt;/nowiki&gt;}} Action, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Styrofoam |url=https://www.5gyres.org/styrofoam/ |access-date=2017-07-05 |website=5Gyres.org |language=en-US |archive-date=2017-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803020412/https://www.5gyres.org/styrofoam |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; wanda:

* Yana ƙarfafa alkawarin ƙin amfani da polystyrene guda ɗaya da faɗaɗa kumfa na polystyreno (wanda aka fi sani da Styrofoam).
* Yana haɗa baƙi tare da haramtacciyar gida (ko albarkatun don fara ɗaya).
* Yana ba su damar yin tweet, imel ko kiran wakilan su don tallafi.
* Yana sanar da magoya baya game da ci gaban &quot;hana haramtacciyar haramtacciya&quot;.
* Ya ba da umarni ga binciken farko don tantance guba na filastik na polystyrene mai ''wuya''.

Tare da fiye da al'ummomi 100 a California kwanan nan da suka kafa haramcin polystyrene, da kuma haramtacciyar doka a duk fadin jihar a kan kuri'un 2018, 5 Gyres suna ganin polystyrène a matsayin fadada yanayi na ƙarfin da ya fara da microbeads.

== Manazarta ==

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    <title>'Yancin Dan Adam da na siyasa a Venezuela</title>
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Rubuce-rubucen haƙƙin ɗan adam a Venezuela sun soki kungiyoyin haƙƙin ɗanɗano kamar su Human Rights Watch da [[Amnesty International]]. Damuwa sun haɗa da hare-hare kan 'yan jarida, tsanantawa na siyasa, cin zarafin masu kare hakkin dan adam, yanayin kurkuku mara kyau, azabtarwa, kisan gillar da 'yan tawagar kisa suka yi, da kuma bacewar tilasta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Countries |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/ |access-date=2019-07-10 |website=www.amnesty.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=IACHR Annual Report 2008 - Chapter IV |url=http://www.cidh.oas.org/annualrep/2008eng/Chap4.f.eng.htm |access-date=2019-07-10 |website=www.cidh.oas.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2008-09-19 |title=Venezuela: Human Rights Watch Delegation Expelled |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2008/09/19/venezuela-human-rights-watch-delegation-expelled |access-date=2019-07-10 |website=Human Rights Watch |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar rahoton Human Rights Watch na 2017, a karkashin jagorancin Shugaba Hugo Chávez kuma yanzu Shugaba Nicolás Maduro, tara iko a cikin reshen zartarwa da rushewar tabbacin kare hakkin dan adam sun ba gwamnati damar tsoratar, tsanantawa, har ma da aikata laifuka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Venezuela Events of 2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-01-12 |title=World Report 2017: Rights Trends in Venezuela |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2017/country-chapters/venezuela |access-date=2019-07-10 |website=Human Rights Watch |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rahoton ya kara da cewa wasu damuwa masu ci gaba sun hada da yanayin kurkuku mara kyau, rashin hukunci ga keta haƙƙin ɗan adam, da ci gaba da cin zarafin jami'an gwamnati na masu kare haƙƙin ɗanɗano da kafofin watsa labarai masu zaman kansu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Venezuela Events of 2016&quot; /&gt; Rahoton ya ci gaba da cewa a cikin 2016, Hukumar leken asiri ta Bolivarian National (SEBIN) ta tsare mutane da yawa kan zargin tsarawa, ingantawa, ko shiga cikin ayyukan tashin hankali na adawa da gwamnati, gami da wasu wadanda, a zahiri, zanga-zangar zaman lafiya ne. Mutane da yawa sun ce an [[Gallazawa|azabtarwa]] da su ko kuma an yi musu cin zarafi a tsare, ko kuma ba su iya ganin iyalansu ko lauyoyi ba na tsawon sa'o'i, wani lokaci kwanaki, bayan kama su. A lokuta da yawa, masu gabatar da kara sun kasa gabatar da wata hujja mai inganci da ke danganta wadanda ake tuhuma da laifuka. A wasu, shaidar ta haɗa da mallakar kayan siyasa, gami da takardun da ke kira ga sakin fursunonin siyasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Venezuela Events of 2016&quot; /&gt; A cewar rahoton Amnesty International daga 2016/2017 masu kare hakkin dan adam sun ci gaba da kai hare-hare da tsoratarwa daga kafofin watsa labarai na gwamnati da manyan jami'an gwamnati.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Venezuela 2017/2018 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/americas/venezuela/report-venezuela/ |access-date=2019-07-10 |website=www.amnesty.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tun daga shekara ta 2014, rikicin da ke ci gaba a Venezuela ya haifar da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, matsalar tattalin arziki, karancin kayan masarufi, da karuwar rashin aikin yi, talauci, cututtuka, mutuwar yara, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, da aikata laifuka. A cewar Amnesty International, rikicin a Venezuela ya kai &quot;lokaci mai banƙyama&quot;, tare da kashi 75% na 'yan ƙasa da ke fama da asarar nauyi saboda karancin abinci. A cewar Asusun Kuɗi na Duniya, rashin aikin yi ya kai kashi 34.3%.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unemployment rate |url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/LUR@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD |access-date=2019-07-10 |website=www.imf.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin shekara ta 2006, Sashin Lantarki na Tattalin Arziki ya kimanta Venezuela a matsayin &quot;mulkin haɗe-haɗe&quot; tare da alamar 5.42 daga 10. Kasar ta kasance a matsayi na 93 daga cikin kasashe 167, kuma ta uku mafi ƙanƙanta a Latin Amurka bayan [[Cuba]] da [[Haiti]]. A cikin rahoton 2012, alamar ƙasar ta lalace zuwa 5.15 kuma matsayinta zuwa 95 daga cikin 167.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Democracy Index 2012 |url=https://www.eiu.com/public/topical_report.aspx?campaignid=DemocracyIndex12 |access-date=2019-07-10 |website=www.eiu.com |archive-date=2020-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200519022602/https://www.eiu.com/public/topical_report.aspx?campaignid=DemocracyIndex12 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;A lokacin shugabancin Nicolás Maduro, dimokuradiyya ta kasar ta kara tabarbarewa, tare da rahoton 2017 wanda ya rage Venezuela daga mulkin mallaka zuwa mulkin kama karya, mafi ƙasƙanci, tare da alamar 3.87 (na biyu mafi ƙasƙanta a Latin Amurka), yana nuna &quot;ci gaba da raguwa ga mulkin kama karya na Venezuela yayin da gwamnati ta haɗa da Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa da ke da ke da rinjaye 'yan adawa, ta da kurkuku ko kuma ta hana' yan adawa da zanga-zangar adawa&quot;.

Shirin Ma'aunin 'Yancin Dan Adam &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human Rights Measurement Initiative – The first global initiative to track the human rights performance of countries |url=https://humanrightsmeasurement.org/ |access-date=2022-03-19 |website=humanrightsmeasurement.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya ba Venezuela maki don' yancin jama'a da na siyasa. Don Tsaro daga 'Yancin Jiha, HRMI tana amfani da martani daga masana kare hakkin dan adam a Venezuela don ba kasar maki don samun' yanci daga kamawa, tilasta bacewar, hukuncin kisa, kisa ba tare da shari'a ba, da azabtarwa da rashin kulawa. Venezuela ta sami jimillar kashi 2.9 daga cikin 10 don waɗannan haƙƙoƙin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Venezuela - HRMI Rights Tracker |url=https://rightstracker.org/ |access-date=2022-03-19 |website=rightstracker.org |language=en |archive-date=2022-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324233849/https://rightstracker.org/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Don 'Yancin Karfafawa, wanda ya kunshi' yancin taro da tarayya, ra'ayi da faɗar albarkacin baki, da kuma shiga cikin gwamnati, Venezuela ta sami jimillar kashi 2.4 cikin 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Venezuela - HRMI Rights Tracker |url=https://rightstracker.org/ |access-date=2022-03-19 |website=rightstracker.org |language=en |archive-date=2022-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324233849/https://rightstracker.org/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin shari'a ==
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan an zabi Shugaba Chávez da farko, an kira zaben raba gardama na kasa a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1999 inda kashi 92% na masu jefa kuri'a suka amince da tsara sabon kundin tsarin mulki. Kundin Tsarin Mulki an tsara shi ne ta hanyar zaɓaɓɓen majalisa tare da shiga kungiyoyin 'yan ƙasa daban-daban, kuma an zabe shi daga baya a wannan shekarar a wani raba gardama na kasa kuma an amince da shi da goyon baya 71.8% daga cikin masu jefa kuri'a. Sabon kundin tsarin mulkin Venezuela ya nemi samun dama da dama, kamar kiwon lafiya a matsayin haƙƙin ɗan adam. Har ila yau, ya kirkiro Ofishin Mai Tsaron Jama'a, wanda ya haɗa da Ofishin Mai Kula da Hakkin Dan Adam. Daga cikin labaran 350 a cikin kundin tsarin mulki na 1999, 116 an sadaukar da su ga ayyuka, haƙƙin ɗan adam, da tabbacin, gami da babi game da haƙƙin 'yan asalin ƙasar.

Venezuela ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Amurka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam a shekarar 1977. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AMERICAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS &quot;PACT OF SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA&quot; (B-32) |url=http://www.oas.org/dil/treaties_B-32_American_Convention_on_Human_Rights_sign.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160104141721/http://www.oas.org/dil/treaties_B-32_American_Convention_on_Human_Rights_sign.htm |archive-date=4 January 2016 |access-date=6 January 2016 |website=Multilateral Treaties |publisher=Organization of American States}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan ya sanya shi wani ɓangare na ikon Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Amurka.

* Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa (Kwamitin' Yancin Dan Adam) 
* Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Tattalin Arziki, Jama'a da Al'adu (Kwamitin kan' Yancin Tattalan Arziki, Tattalin Ruwa da Al'adun Al'adu) 

== Tarihi ==

=== Shekaru na 1980 ===

==== Kisan kiyashi na El Amparo ====
{{Main|2014 Venezuelan protests}}
Kisan kiyashi na El Amparo kisan kiyashi ne na masunta 14 wanda ya faru a kusa da ƙauyen El Amparo, a yammacin jihar Apure ta [[Venezuela]], a ranar 29 ga Oktoba 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;IACHR&quot; /&gt; Wani hadin gwiwar sojoji da 'yan sanda sun yi iƙirarin cewa masunta (waɗanda ba su da bayanan' yan sanda kuma ba a san su da bayanan soja na Venezuela ko na Colombia ba)  sun kasance ƙungiyar' yan tawaye waɗanda suka kai musu hari da bindigogi da grenades, tare da zargin musayar bindigogi na minti 15-20 da ke faruwa a kewayon 20-30 m. Wani shari'ar da aka kai Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Amurka (IACHR) ya kammala a shekarar 1996, tare da IACHR ta umarci Venezuela da ta biya sama da $ 700,000 a cikin diyya ga dangin da ke kusa da wadanda abin ya shafa.&amp;nbsp;

==== Caracazo ====
{{External media|width=260px|video1={{YouTube|id=8YiQi32ihig|title=Human Rights Watch multimedia report on abuses}}|float=left}}
Ɗaya daga cikin shari'o'i shida da IACHR ta kawo wa Venezuela tsakanin 1977 da 1998 da suka shafi Caracazo na 1989, wanda gwamnatocin Venezuela da suka biyo baya suka kasa bincike, duk da buƙatun kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam kamar [[Amnesty International]],  da umarni daga Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Amurka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 February 2007 |title=Comité de Familiares de las Víctimas |url=http://www.cofavic.org.ve/index.php?id=5&amp;idcolum=58 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013103251/http://cofavic.org.ve/index.php?id=5&amp;idcolum=58 |archive-date=13 October 2007 |access-date=1 July 2009 |publisher=[[COFAVIC]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Yulin 2009, an tuhumi ministan tsaro na lokacin [[Italo del Valle Alliegro]] dangane da Caracazo.

=== Shekaru na 1990 ===
Tare da karuwar rashin kwanciyar hankali na tsarin siyasa a fuskar rikicin tattalin arziki, Venezuela ta ga yunkurin juyin mulki sau biyu a 1992; daya daga cikinsu ya jagoranci shugaban kasar Hugo Chávez na gaba. Dukansu sun kasa, kuma a cikin tsarin tsayayya da yunkurin juyin mulki, an ruwaito jami'an gwamnati sun kashe mutane arba'in, fararen hula da 'yan tawaye da suka mika wuya, ko dai a matsayin kisa ba tare da shari'a ba, ko ta hanyar amfani da karfi mara kyau.

An tsare su da ɗaruruwan kuma sun ci gaba da ɗan lokaci bayan abubuwan da suka faru, kuma sun haɗa da shugabannin ɗalibai da sauran shugabannin jama'a waɗanda ba su da alaƙa da yunkurin juyin mulki. An dakatar da 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki na watanni biyu a cikin shari'ar Fabrairu, da makonni uku a cikin shariʼar Nuwamba, kuma ya haɗa da tantance kafofin watsa labarai. Jerin zanga-zangar a watan Maris da Afrilu da ke kira ga murabus din Shugaba Carlos Andrés Pérez da maido da tabbacin kundin tsarin mulki sun hadu da tashin hankali na jihar ciki har da harbe-harbe na 'yan sanda a cikin taron jama'a, tare da jimlar mutuwar 13.

Yawancin 'yan jarida da ke rufe zanga-zangar sun ji rauni sosai daga 'yan sanda. Kodayake an gwada mahalarta yunkurin juyin mulkin Fabrairu a karkashin tsarin shari'a na soja na yau da kullun, don mayar da martani ga yunkurin janar mulkin Nuwamba gwamnati ta kirkiro kotuna na wucin gadi bisa ga dokar shari'a ta 1938 ta Eleazar López Contreras, wanda aka tsara shekaru ashirin kafin sauyawa zuwa dimokuradiyya. Kotun Koli ta yanke hukuncin kotunan ba bisa ka'ida ba, amma a kan dalilin da ya sa Shugaban kasa ya yi watsi da dakatar da haƙƙin kundin tsarin mulki (dama ga karewa, haƙƙin da alƙali na halitta ya yi masa shari'a) maimakon a kan dalilin tsari da ya dace wanda aka soki su.

A lokacin 1989-1993 lokacin Perez tashin hankali na zanga-zangar ya zama ruwan dare, tare da daya daga cikin zanga-zambe uku da aka danne. A lokacin gwamnatin Caldera ya fadi, kuma a tsakiyar wannan yawan zanga-zangar da aka danne ya fadi zuwa daya daga cikin shida.

=== Shekaru na 2000 ===
[[Fayil:Freedom_ratings_in_Venezuela_(1998_to_2017).png|right|thumb|350x350px|Rarrabawar 'yanci a Venezuela daga 1998 zuwa 2017.&lt;br /&gt; (1 = Free, 7 = ba kyauta ba) ]]
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan zaben Hugo Chávez, ƙididdigar 'yanci a Venezuela ta sauka bisa ga ƙungiyar siyasa da' yancin ɗan adam Freedom House . &lt;ref name=&quot;FH2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Country ratings and status, FIW 1973–2014 |url=https://www.freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/Country%20Ratings%20and%20Status%2C%201973-2014%20%28FINAL%29.xls |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141030190924/http://www.freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/Country%20Ratings%20and%20Status,%201973-2014%20(FINAL).xls |archive-date=30 October 2014 |access-date=16 December 2014 |website=Freedom House}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2004, Amnesty International ta soki yadda gwamnatin Shugaba Chavez ta yi amfani da juyin mulkin 2000, tana mai cewa ba a bincika abubuwan da suka faru na tashin hankali yadda ya kamata ba kuma ba a hukunta su ba&quot; kuma cewa &quot;rashin hukuntawa da masu aikata laifin ya ji yana ƙarfafa ci gaba da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam a cikin yanayin siyasa mai rikitarwa&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;AImarch2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=VENEZUELA Protestors in civil disturbances |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/amr53/003/2004/en/ |access-date=15 December 2014 |publisher=Amnesty International}}&lt;/ref&gt; Amnesty International ta kuma soki tsaron kasa na Venezuela da Direccion de Inteligencia Seguridad y Prevención (DISIP) suna mai cewa &quot;sun yi amfani da karfi mai yawa don sarrafa halin da ake ciki a lokuta da yawa&quot; yayin zanga-zangar da ta shafi tunawa da Venezuela ta 2004.&lt;ref name=&quot;AImarch2004&quot; /&gt; An kuma lura cewa da yawa daga cikin masu zanga-zangar da aka tsare kamar ba a &quot; kawo su gaban alƙali a cikin iyakar lokacin doka ba&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;AImarch2004&quot; /&gt;

A shekara ta 2005, farfesa a Jami'ar Tsakiya ta Venezuela Margarita López Maya da Luis Lander, sun bayyana cewa akwai &quot;mafi girman amincewa da haƙƙin yin zanga-zanga, kuma an kafa wannan. &quot;  Rikicin tashin hankali na zanga-zangar ya fadi zuwa 1 cikin 25 a cikin 1998-99, kuma zuwa 1 cikin 36 ta 2002-3. Koyaya, a cikin 2008, an sanya Venezuela a matsayin ƙasa mafi ƙarancin dimokuradiyya a Kudancin Amurka a cikin 2008 Economist Intelligence Unit Democracy Index .  Har ila yau, a cikin 2008, Freedom House ya cire Venezuela daga jerin ƙasashe da ke da dimokuradiyya.&lt;ref name=&quot;FHratings2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Venezuela |url=https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2009/venezuela#.VI_VZIed7ww |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216104051/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2009/venezuela#.VI_VZIed7ww |archive-date=16 December 2014 |access-date=16 December 2014 |website=Freedom House}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2009, Hukumar Kula da 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Amurka ta fitar da wani rahoto wanda ya nuna cewa gwamnatin Venezuela ta yi &quot;matsi da rashin haƙuri&quot;. 

=== Shekaru na 2010 ===
A cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, akwai korafe-korafe 31,096 game da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam da aka karɓa tsakanin shekarun 2011 da 2014. Daga cikin 31,096, kashi 3.1% ya haifar da tuhuma da Ma'aikatar Jama'a ta Venezuela ta yi.

A cikin shekara ta 2011, NGO PROVEA ta soki gaskiyar cewa jam'iyyar gwamnati ta PSUV ta zaba a matsayin dan takarar majalisa Róger Cordero Lara, wanda ke da hannu a cikin Kisan kiyashi na Cantaura a shekarar 1982. An zabi Cordero kuma PROVEA ta bukaci a ɗaga rigakafinsa.

A cikin rahoton Freedom House a shekara ta 2013, an soki gwamnatin Shugaba Nicolás Maduro saboda &quot;karin aiwatar da dokoki da ka'idoji a kan 'yan adawa don rage rawar da take takawa a matsayin tantance ikon gwamnati&quot;, wanda ya ba da' yancin Venezuela a cikin raguwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;FHrating2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Venezuela |url=https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2014/venezuela-0#.VI_TE4ed7wx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216101957/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2014/venezuela-0#.VI_TE4ed7wx |archive-date=16 December 2014 |access-date=16 December 2014 |website=Freedom House}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== zanga-zangar Venezuela ta 2014 ====
[[Fayil:Grupos_pro-gubernamentales_disparando_durante_protestas_en_Valencia,_Venezuela_2014.webm|right|thumb|290x290px|Harin masu goyon bayan gwamnati a kan daliban zanga-zangar Genesis Carmona yana shiga]]
A lokacin zanga-zangar Venezuelan ta 2014, kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da yawa sun yi Allah wadai da gwamnatin Venezuelan saboda yadda take gudanar da zanga-zambe yayin da jami'an tsaro suka ba da rahoton cewa sun wuce al'amuran da ake yi na gudanar da zanga'angar, tare da hanyoyin da suka fara daga amfani da gashin roba da iskar hawaye zuwa lokuta na harsashi da azabtar da masu zanga-zangran da aka kama, a cewar kungiyoyi kamar Amnesty International  da Human Rights Watch.&lt;ref name=&quot;HRWpfp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Punished for Protesting |url=https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/venezuela0514_reportcover_web.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513223338/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/venezuela0514_reportcover_web.pdf |archive-date=13 May 2014 |access-date=6 May 2014 |publisher=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sauran matsaloli a lokacin zanga-zangar sun hada da tantancewar kafofin watsa labarai da haƙuri na gwamnati game da tashin hankali ta ''Kungiyoyi'' masu fafutuka da aka sani da colectivos .&lt;ref name=&quot;HRWcolectivo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 February 2014 |title=Venezuela: Violence Against Protesters, Journalists |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/02/21/venezuela-violence-against-protesters-journalists |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221210347/http://www.hrw.org/news/2014/02/21/venezuela-violence-against-protesters-journalists |archive-date=21 February 2014 |access-date=21 March 2014 |publisher=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, an zargi gwamnatin Venezuela da kama abokan adawar da siyasa, musamman tsohon magajin garin Chacao kuma shugaban Popular Will, Leopoldo López, wanda ya mika kansa a watan Fabrairu, yana amsa zarge-zargen kisan kai da tayar da tashin hankali, ta amfani da kama shi don nuna rashin amincewa da &quot;laifukan rashin amincewa&quot; na gwamnati.

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2014, Amurka ta sanya hannu kan Dokar Tsaron 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a ta Venezuela ta shekara ta 2014 don sanya takunkumi ga mutanen Venezuela da ke da alhakin keta haƙƙin ɗan adam sakamakon zanga-zangar Venezuela ta shekara-zangar 2014. &lt;ref name=&quot;congress1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=S.2142 – Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Act of 2014 |url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/senate-bill/2142/titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213011526/https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/senate-bill/2142/titles |archive-date=13 December 2014 |access-date=11 December 2014 |website=Congress.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dokar ta ba da izinin daskarewa da haramtacciyar biza ga waɗanda ake zargi da yin amfani da ayyukan tashin hankali ko keta haƙƙin ɗan adam na waɗanda ke adawa da gwamnatin Venezuela. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2015, Amurka ta daskare kadarori kuma ta soke biza na manyan jami'ai da yawa da ke da alaƙa da cin zarafin bil'adama a Venezuela.

An azabtar da daruruwan 'yan Venezuela da hukumomin Venezuela suka tsare a lokacin zanga-zangar.&lt;ref name=&quot;UN22oct&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Venezuela: UN rights chief calls for immediate release of opposition leader, politicians |url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=49120 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021131739/http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=49120#.VEc4WZPF8Q5 |archive-date=21 October 2014 |access-date=22 October 2014 |publisher=United Nations}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Kan azabtarwa ====
A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Venezuela ta bayyana a gaban Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Kan azabtarwa kan shari'o'i tsakanin 2002 da 2014. Masana Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ba su gamsu da tawagar gwamnatin Venezuela da Mataimakin Dokar Tsaro da Manufofin Cikin Gida, José Vicente Rangel Avalos ke jagoranta ba kuma tambayoyin da Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkinobho ya yi ba shi da amsa daidai. A cikin shari'ar Alkalin María Lourdes Afiuni Mora mai shekaru biyar, wani wakilin Venezuela ya ce, &quot;Mai gabatar da kara bai karɓi korafe-korafe game da zargin fyade da aka fada a cikin littafi ba. Mun ba da shawara ga kwamitin, me ya sa damuwa?&quot;, wanda wani memba na hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya amsa &quot;Yana da mahimmanci kuma mai tsanani, saboda ya wuce mutum, ya shafi manufar shari'a da mulkin doka idan wannan ya faru a wata ƙasa&quot;. Masana da yawa sun kuma sun soki gwamnatocin jama'a 5,000 sun fi rikodin. Masana sun kuma soki Hukumar Kula da Torture ta Venezuela saboda rashin zaman kanta daga gwamnati, sun yi tambaya game da ayyukan likitoci da masana kimiyya waɗanda suka bincika wadanda abin ya shafa kuma suka tambayi game da 'yancin tsarin shari'a daga wasu hukumomin gwamnatin Venezuela. 

A ranar 28 ga watan Nuwamba, Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na yaki da azabtarwa ya nuna &quot;fargitsi&quot; saboda rahotanni na cin zarafin da hukumomin Venezuela suka yi a lokacin zanga-zangar Venezuela ta 2014. A cewar kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, zarge-zargen azabtarwa sun hada da &quot;bugawa, konewa da girgizar lantarki a kokarin samun ikirari&quot;. Kwamitin ya kuma yi kira ga ƙarin bincike daga gwamnatin Venezuela tun daga cikin binciken 185 na cin zarafi a lokacin zanga-zangar, an tuhumi 5 kawai. Sauran batutuwan da kwamitin ya gabatar sun hada da sakin Leopoldo López da tsohon magajin gari Daniel Ceballos daga kurkuku, wanda kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya bukaci.

A ranar 11 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2015 a wani taron Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Geneva, mai ba da rahoto game da azabtarwa da sauran mummunar kulawa, Juan E. Méndez, ya bayyana cewa gwamnatin Bolivarian ta kasa amsa buƙatun da yawa don bayanai wanda Méndez ya ce, &quot;A wannan yanayin Venezuela ba ta amsa ba, don haka na yanke shawarar da ta dogara da rashin amsa, amma a bayyane akan abin da na sani game da shari'o'o'in. &quot;  Ya kuma bayyana cewa gwamnatin Maduro ba ta bi &quot;da wajibin bincike, gurfanar da kuma azabtar da duk ayyukan azabtarwa da zalunci, rashin mutunci ko wulakanci&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;LVmarch11&quot; /&gt;

==== zanga-zangar Venezuela ta 2017 ====
[[Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Ƴancin Dan Adam|Ofishin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ya yi tir da &quot;yadu da kuma tsarin amfani da karfi mai yawa&quot; a kan masu zanga-zangar, yana mai cewa jami'an tsaro da kungiyoyin da ke goyon bayan gwamnati suna da alhakin mutuwar akalla masu zanga-zanga 73. Ofishin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya bayyana &quot;hoton yaduwa da tsari na amfani da karfi da kuma tsare-tsare na wucin gadi a kan masu zanga-zangar a Venezuela&quot;. &quot;Littafin shaida sun nuna cewa jami'an tsaro, galibi masu tsaron kasa, 'yan sanda na kasa da' yan sanda na gida, sun yi amfani da karfi mai yawa don haifar da tsoro, murkushe rashin amincewa da kuma hana masu zanga-zangar taruwa, taruwa da isa ga cibiyoyin jama'a don gabatar da korafe-korafe&quot;.

A cikin wata wasika ta 9 ga Mayu 2017, Hukumar Kula da 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Amurka (IACHR) ta bayyana cewa &quot;ta yi nadama game da matakan da hukumomin Venezuela suka dauka don mayar da martani ga zanga-zangar da ta fara a watan Maris a kasar&quot; kuma &quot;ta yi kira ga Jiha da ta dakatar da waɗannan matakan kuma ta cika wajibai na' yancin dan adam na kasa da kasa&quot;. IACHR ta damu musamman game da &quot;karin mutuwar, raunin da kuma tsare-tsaren jama'a da ya biyo bayan aikin soja na gudanar da zanga-zambe na López&quot;. 
[[Fayil:David_Vallenilla_shot.webm|right|thumb|250x250px|Mai zanga-zangar Venezuela David Vallenilla ya harbe shi da wani jami'in tsaro]]
Yawancin mutanen da aka kashe a lokacin zanga-zangar sun mutu daga raunin bindiga, tare da mutane da yawa sakamakon zalunci da hukumomin Venezuela suka yi da kuma taimakawa masu goyon bayan gwamnati. Wani rahoto daga Human Rights Watch da Foro Penal sun rubuta aƙalla shari'o'i shida inda jami'an tsaro na Venezuela suka mamaye wuraren zama da gine-ginen gidaje a Caracas da kuma jihohi daban-daban guda huɗu, yawanci kusa da barricades da mazauna suka gina; bisa ga shaidu, jami'ai sun fashe cikin gidaje ba tare da warrant ba, suna satar kayan mutum da abinci daga mazauna, da kuma suna doke su da kama su.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Human Rights Watch|last2=Foro Penal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani rahoto na [[Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Ƴancin Dan Adam|Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam]] ya bayyana cewa an yi amfani da makamai marasa kisa don haifar da raunin da ba dole ba, yana bayanin cewa jami'an tsaro sun harbe bututun gas kai tsaye a kan masu zanga-zangar a gajeren nesa. Mónica Kräuter, masanin sunadarai kuma malami na Jami'ar Simón Bolívar wacce ta yi nazarin kwano na gas sama da dubu tun daga shekara ta 2014, ta bayyana cewa jami'an tsaro sun harba iskar hawaye wanda, a cewarta, &quot;ya rushe cikin cyanide oxide, phosgene da nitrogens waɗanda suke da haɗari sosai&quot;. Kungiyoyi irin su Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Venezuela sun yi tir da amfani da iskar hawaye da aka kashe kai tsaye ko cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya da asibitoci da ke kusa, da gidaje da gine-ginen zama.

A cikin wata sanarwa ta 15 ga Yuni, Human Rights Watch ta bayyana cewa manyan jami'an gwamnati, kamar su José Antonio Benavides Torres, shugaban jami'an tsaro na Bolivarian; Vladimir Padrino López, ministan tsaro kuma kwamandan aiki na dabarun Sojoji; Néstor Reverol, ministan cikin gida, Carlos Alfredo Pérez Ampueda, darektan 'yan sanda na Bolivari; Gustavo González López, darektaran leken asiri na kasa, da Siriya Venero de Guerrero, babban lauyan soja, suna da alhakin cin zarafin' yancin dan adam da sojojin Venezuela suka yi a lokacin da kuma. Jami'an Venezuela sun yaba wa hukumomi saboda ayyukansu kuma sun musanta duk wani laifi.&lt;ref name=&quot;HRWjun15&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=15 June 2017 |title=Venezuela: Senior Officials' Responsibility for Abuses |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/06/15/venezuela-senior-officials-responsibility-abuses |access-date=17 June 2017 |publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2017, [[Ayislan|Iceland]] ta toshe shigar da tan 16 na iskar hawaye daga kasar Sin da aka ƙaddara su isa Venezuela, suna mai cewa &quot;a bayyane yake cewa akwai iskar hauka mai yawa, kuma ana iya ganin Venezuela a matsayin yanki mai haɗari inda ba a girmama haƙƙin ɗan adam na asali ba, da sauransu&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 October 2017 |title=Heimild til flutnings á hergögnum um íslenskt yfirráðasvæði ekki veitt |url=https://www.stjornarradid.is/efst-a-baugi/frettir/stok-frett/2017/10/23/Heimild-til-flutnings-a-hergognum-um-islenskt-yfirradasvaedi-ekki-veitt/ |access-date=2019-01-27 |website=[[Government of Iceland]] |language=is}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Laifukan da aka yi wa bil'adama ====
[[Fayil:UN_-_Venezuela_Continued_impunity_amid_dismal_human_rights_situation.webm|thumb|250x250px|[[Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Ƴancin Dan Adam|Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam]] Zeid Raad Al Hussein da dangin wadanda aka kashe a lokacin zanga-zangar sun tattauna rikicin a Venezuela]]
A ranar 14 ga Satumba 2017, lauyan Venezuelan Tamara SJu ya ba da shaida game da shari'o'i 289 na azabtarwa a lokacin masu sauraro na farko na Kungiyar Kasashen Amurka (OAS) don nazarin yiwuwar laifuka a kan bil'adama a kasar, gami da abubuwan da suka faru a lokacin zanga-zangar 2017 da shari'ar azabtar da jima'i 192 . 

A watan Fabrairun 2018, Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa (ICC) ta ba da sanarwar cewa za ta bude bincike na farko game da laifuffukan da ake zargi da hukumomin Venezuela suka yi wa bil'adama.

Masu binciken [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] sun ba da rahoton a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2020 cewa Nicolás Maduro da sauran manyan jami'ai sun ba da umarnin kisan kai da azabtar da masu sukar, suna keta haƙƙin ɗan adam.

Tun daga watan Nuwamba 2020, jami'an jihar Venezuela suna shiga cikin ofisoshin kungiyoyin farar hula da kuma yin barazanar jama'a ga masu kare hakkin dan adam. An kuma tsare mambobi biyar na kungiyar NGO ta Venezuela {{Interlanguage link|Azul Positivo|es}} ba tare da takardar shaidar ba.[es] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 February 2021 |title=Standing in solidarity with Venezuelan human rights defenders |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/02/05/standing-solidarity-venezuelan-human-rights-defenders |access-date=5 February 2021 |publisher=Human Rights Watch}}/&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Ziyarar tawagar OHCHR ta 2019 ====
Bayan taron Ƙungiyar Lima na 25 ga Fabrairu a Colombia, Shugaban kasar Chile Sebastián Piñera ya soki Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam (OHCHR) Michelle Bachelet a ranar 3 ga watan Maris saboda gazawarta na hukunta Maduro, kuma ya kira ta &quot;ta cika rawar da take takawa a matsayin babban kwamishina don kare' yancin dan adam a kasar da ake mamaye su da zalunci&quot;. A ranar 8 ga watan Maris, ofishinta ta sanar da cewa za ta aika da tawagar mutum biyar zuwa Venezuela daga 11 zuwa 22 ga watan Maris a gaban ziyarar da Bachelet zai iya yi. A ranar 15 ga watan Maris, Kwalejin Likitoci ta Jihar Lara ta yi tir da cewa babban aiki da jami'an gwamnati ke yi don tsaftacewa, gyarawa da samar da kayan kiwon lafiya a Barquisimeto kuma &quot;farce ne da aka sanya [a wurin] don ba da gagarumin gyare-gyare ga asibitin, sanin cewa a nan mutane suna mutuwa saboda rashin kayan aiki&quot;. A lokacin ziyarar da aka kai Jihar Carabobo, daya daga cikin mambobin tawagar ya bayyana cewa ba su da &quot;wawaye&quot;, cewa tawagar ta lura cewa an fentin bangon asibitin kuma ginin yana da ƙanshi kamar fenti. A ranar 17 ga watan Maris, tawagar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta sami damar ziyartar asibitin Fasto Oropeza a jihar Lara ba tare da masu kula da shi ba, suna koyo game da yanayin da ke cikin haɗari.

Prodavinci ta taƙaita mahimman abubuwan jawabinta. Ta ce amincewa da martani ga rikicin da hukumomi suka yi bai isa ba, kuma yanayin ya lalace tun ziyararsu ta ƙarshe, musamman tsakanin mutanen da ke fama da rauni. Da ta fahimci cewa lalacewar ta fara ne kafin a yi amfani da takunkumin tattalin arziki na 2017, ta nuna damuwa cewa takunkumin zai kara tsananta yanayin. Ta nuna korafe-korafe game da yanayin da ake zargi da kisan kai da rundunar 'yan sanda ta musamman (FAES). Ta damu da karuwar 'yancin magana da ƙuntatawa na manema labarai. Ta ambaci muhimmiyar tasiri a kan kiwon lafiya da tsarin kiwon lafiya: yaduwar cututtukan kamuwa da cuta, da mutuwar uwaye da jarirai. Ta ba da rahoton cewa yara miliyan daya sun rasa makaranta saboda yanayin da ke cikin kasar. Ta ambaci kashe-kashen Venezuela na 2019 a matsayin misali na rushewar ababen more rayuwa na kasar, wanda ke haifar da karancin abinci, ruwa da kiwon lafiya. Ta ce jami'an tsaro da kungiyoyin da ke goyon bayan gwamnati sun yi amfani da karfi sosai don murkushe zanga-zangar, gami da kisan kai, tsare-tsare, azabtarwa da barazanar. Ta nuna cewa neman abinci, kiwon lafiya da aiki sun haifar da ƙaura mai yawa daga Venezuela. Ta bukaci hukumomi da su inganta yanayin haƙƙin ɗan adam da gaggawa da kuma &quot;nuna ainihin jajircewarsu don magance batutuwan ƙalubale da yawa&quot;.

===== Michelle Bachelet ziyarar =====
Kafin zaman makonni uku na Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, shugaban OHCHR, Michelle Bachelet, ya ziyarci Venezuela daga 19 zuwa 21 ga Yuni. Kwamishinan 'Yancin Dan Adam ya sadu da Maduro da Guaidó daban a lokacin ziyararta, da kuma mai gabatar da kara na Venezuela Tarek William Saab, wasu masu fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam, da iyalai na wadanda abin ya shafa wadanda suka fuskanci azabtarwa da zalunci na jihar.&lt;ref name=&quot;reutersBacheletvisit&quot; /&gt; An gudanar da zanga-zangar a gaban ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Caracas a ranar karshe ta ziyarar, suna nuna rashin amincewa da cin zarafin da gwamnatin Maduro ta yi.&lt;ref name=&quot;bloombergBacheletvisit&quot; /&gt; Gilber Caro wanda aka saki kwanaki 2 kafin ziyarar, ya shiga cikin taron.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Scott |last2=Goodman |first2=Joshua |date=22 June 2019 |title=UN human rights chief appeals for dialogue in Venezuela |url=https://apnews.com/97c6390cb2694098b823fe8766819d4b |access-date=22 June 2019 |website=Associated Press}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bachelet ya ba da sanarwar kirkirar tawagar da jami'an Majalisar Dinkin Duniya guda biyu ke kula da ita waɗanda za su kasance a Venezuela don saka idanu kan halin jin kai.&lt;ref name=&quot;bloombergBacheletvisit&quot; /&gt; Bachelet ya nuna damuwa cewa takunkumin da aka yi kwanan nan kan fitar da mai da cinikin zinariya na iya kara tsananta rikicin da 'yan Venezuela suka riga suka fuskanta.&lt;ref name=&quot;bloombergBacheletvisit&quot; /&gt; Ta kuma yi kira da a saki fursunonin siyasa a Venezuela.&lt;ref name=&quot;reutersBacheletvisit&quot; /&gt; Bachelet ya kasance a karkashin matsin lamba daga kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam don yin aiki don sakin fursunonin siyasa 700 da aka daure a Venezuela, zargin da Maduro ke yi adawa da shi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=UN Human Rights Chief Urges Venezuelan Government to Free Jailed Dissidents |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/americas_un-human-rights-chief-urges-venezuelan-government-free-jailed-dissidents/6170450.html |access-date=22 June 2019 |publisher=VOANews}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rahoton karshe da aka buga ya yi magana game da kisan gillar da ba a yi la'akari da shi ba, azabtarwa, ɓacewar tilasta wa mutane da sauran keta haƙƙin da ake zargi da jami'an tsaro na Venezuela suka aikata a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Bachelet ta bayyana damuwarta game da yawan kisan gillar da ba a yi la'akari da shi ba kuma ta bukaci a rushe FAES.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fr24Michellereport&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 July 2019 |title=UN report cites 'shockingly high' number of likely 'executions' in Venezuela |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20190705-venezuela-united-nations-report-michelle-bachelet-human-rights |access-date=10 July 2019 |website=France 24}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cewar rahoton, hukumomin Venezuela sun yi rajistar shari'o'i 1569 na kisa sakamakon &quot;tsayayya da iko&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Fr24Michellereport&quot; /&gt; Sauran mutuwar 52 da suka faru a lokacin zanga-zangar 2019 an danganta su da colectivos.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 July 2019 |title=UN human rights chief 'hopeful' Venezuelan authorities are ready to address violations, calls for dialogue |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/07/1041902 |access-date=10 July 2019 |website=UN News |archive-date=5 July 2019 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190705211108/https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/07/1041902 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Rahoton ya kuma ba da cikakken bayani game da yadda gwamnatin Venezuela ta &quot;yi niyyar kawar da, dannewa da kuma aikata laifuka ga abokan adawar siyasa da mutanen da ke sukar gwamnati&quot; tun daga shekara ta 2016.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fr24Michellereport&quot; /&gt;

A lokacin jawabi a watan Satumbar 2019 don gabatar da rahoton sabuntawa a taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Bachelet ta sanar da damuwarta game da yiwuwar kisan gillar da 'yan sanda na Venezuela suka yi bayan ziyararta a watan Yuni. A cewarta, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta, Victims&quot; Monitor (Spanish: Monitor de víctimas), ta ba da rahoton kisa 57 da FAES ta yi a Caracas a farkon watan Yuli. Bachelet ta yi kira a baya don rushe FAES, amma ta bayyana cewa &quot;A akasin haka, FAES sun sami tallafi daga matakin mafi girma na Gwamnati&quot;. Wani damuwa a cikin jawabinta shine dokar da aka gabatar don aikata laifuka ga kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da ke karɓar kuɗi daga ƙasashen waje, matakin da a cewar Associated Press, &quot;zai iya kara lalata dimokuradiyya a Venezuela&quot;.

=== Shirye-shiryen ===
A lokacin Harin Macuto Bay a watan Mayu 2020, an kashe mutane takwas, yayin da aka tsare mutane 23, dangane da yunkurin shiga Venezuela, gami da 'yan Amurka biyu. PROVEA, wata kungiya mai kare hakkin dan adam ta wallafa a shafinta na Twitter don kare hakkin dan Adam na wadanda aka tsare kuma ta kara da cewa &quot;kawai suna tallafawa da inganta tsarin mulki, zaman lafiya da kuma hanyoyin farar hula don dawo da dimokuradiyya na kasar&quot;. Nicolás Maduro ya zargi PROVEA da karbar kudi daga Hukumar leken asiri ta Amurka da kuma kare hakkin wadanda ake zargi da &quot;yan ta'adda&quot; da &quot;masu kwangila&quot; wadanda ya yi iƙirarin, kasancewar &quot;wani ɓangare na jami'an tsaro na Donald Trump&quot;. Human Rights Watch ta zargi gwamnatin Maduro da gudanar da &quot;kamfen mai tsanani&quot; a kan PROVEA, &quot; fadada cikas da ta ga masu sukar, abokan adawar da 'yan jarida&quot;.

== 'Yancin jama'a da na siyasa ==

=== Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa ===
A cewar [[Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Siyasa|Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa]] (ICCPR), &quot;Kowane mutum zai sami' yancin 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki; wannan haƙƙin zai haɗa da' yancin neman, karɓa da ba da bayanai da ra'ayoyi na kowane irin, ba tare da la'akari da iyakoki ba, ko dai ta baki, a rubuce ko a bugawa, a cikin hanyar fasaha, ko ta hanyar kowane kafofin watsa labarai da ya zaɓa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=IND&amp;mtdsg_no=IV-4&amp;chapter=4&amp;clang=_en#top |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108140021/https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=IND&amp;mtdsg_no=IV-4&amp;chapter=4&amp;clang=_en#top |archive-date=8 November 2016 |access-date=7 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ambaci shi musamman a cikin Mataki na 18 da 19, 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki da tunani an tabbatar da haƙƙoƙin da aka bayar a hannun jihohi masu zaman kansu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |url=http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/ccpr.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111085734/http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/ccpr.aspx |archive-date=11 November 2016 |access-date=7 November 2016 |website=United Nations Human Rights Committee: Office of the High Commissioner |publisher=United Nations}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dangane da Tarin Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Venezuela ta sanya hannu kan ICCPR a ranar 24 ga Yuni 1969 kuma ta amince da ƙwarewar dokar haƙƙin ɗan adam kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin alkawarin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=United Nations Treaty Collection: 4. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |url=http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/ccpr.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111085734/http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/ccpr.aspx |archive-date=11 November 2016 |access-date=7 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tunanin da ba a ɗaure shi ba bisa doka, sanya hannu kan ICCPR yana wakiltar kuma yana nuna bin ka'idodin haƙƙin ɗan adam da ake tsammani daga dukkan ƙasashen membobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. a cikin 2015, ICCPR ta kammala cewa Venezuela ba ta iya tabbatar da yarjejeniyar da aka yi ba a kan sanya hannu kan takardar kuma ta ba da shawarar cewa kasar ta dauki matakai don kara wayar da kan jama'a game da alkawarin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=CCPR – International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |url=http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/treatybodyexternal/SessionDetails1.aspx?SessionID=899&amp;Lang=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109044041/http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/treatybodyexternal/SessionDetails1.aspx?SessionID=899&amp;Lang=en |archive-date=9 November 2017 |access-date=7 November 2016 |website=United Nations Human Right Office of the High Commissioner |publisher=United Nations Human Rights Committee}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 'Yanci na' yan jarida ===
An ambaci 'yancin' yan jarida ta hanyar mahimman sashe guda biyu a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Venezuela na 1999. Hakkin 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki an tsara shi a Mataki na 57 da Mataki na 58 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki. Hakkin bayyana ra'ayoyi kyauta ba tare da tantancewa ba (Mataki na 57) da kuma haƙƙin amsawa (Mataki nke 58) gabaɗaya suna cikin layi tare da ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa. Koyaya, Hukumar Inter-American kan 'Yancin Dan Adam (IACHR) ta nuna damuwa game da Mataki na 58 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki, wanda ya ba da cewa &quot;Kowane mutum yana da haƙƙin bayani a kan lokaci, gaskiya, rashin son kai da kuma ba a tantance shi ba&quot;. Hukumar ta ɗauki matsala game da haƙƙin &quot;gaskiya da lokaci&quot; bayanin yana jayayya cewa wannan &quot;wani nau'in tantancewa ne na baya da aka haramta a cikin Yarjejeniyar Amurka kan 'Yanfin Dan Adam&quot;.

Damuwa game da 'yancin' yan jarida a Venezuela ta fito ne daga Human Rights Watch,   [[Amnesty International]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 August 2009 |title=Venezuela: Globovisión attack must be urgently investigated and journalists protected |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/for-media/press-releases/venezuela-globovisi%C3%B3n-attack-must-be-urgently-investigated-and-journalis |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100217062438/http://www.amnesty.org/en/for-media/press-releases/venezuela-globovisi%C3%B3n-attack-must-be-urgently-investigated-and-journalis |archive-date=17 February 2010 |access-date=3 February 2010 |publisher=Amnesty International}}&lt;/ref&gt; Inter American Press Association,  Cibiyar Labaran Kasa da Kasa,  Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, [4] Reporters without Borders, [5] wakilan [[Cocin katolika|Cocin Katolika]], Hukumar Inter-American kan 'Yancin Dan Adam, da sauransu. [5] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 February 2009 |title=2008 Human Rights Report: Venezuela |url=https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2008/wha/119177.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228084025/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2008/wha/119177.htm |archive-date=28 February 2010 |access-date=3 February 2010 |website=Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor: 2008 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices |publisher=U.S. Department of State}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 June 2009 |title=In 'cure worse than cold,' Globovisión waits to be stripped of broadcast frequency |url=http://www.rsf.org/In-cure-worse-than-cold.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090627035944/http://www.rsf.org/In-cure-worse-than-cold.html |archive-date=27 June 2009 |access-date=3 February 2010 |publisher=Reporters without Borders}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun daga shekara ta 2003, Freedom House ta sanya Venezuela a matsayin &quot;ba kyauta ba&quot; game da 'yancin' yan jarida,  tare da kasancewa a wannan matsayi har zuwa shekara ta 2014. &lt;ref name=&quot;FHpressfreedom2003&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=FREEDOM OF THE PRESS 2003 |url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FOTP%202003%20Full%20Report.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150516134448/https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FOTP%202003%20Full%20Report.pdf |archive-date=16 May 2015 |access-date=16 December 2014 |website=Freedom House}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FHpressfreedom2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=FREEDOM OF THE PRESS 2014 |url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FOTP_2014.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114160202/https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FOTP_2014.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2015 |access-date=16 December 2014 |website=Freedom House}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 27 ga Mayu 2007, shugaban kasar Hugo Chávez ya yanke shawarar rufe tashar ta hanyar kin sabunta izinin watsa shirye-shirye su, yana zargin tashar da hannu a juyin mulkin 2002 a Venezuela, wanda ya hambarar da gwamnatinsa a takaice.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSF22&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 30, 2007 |title=Easy to See the Speck in the Other's Eye |url=http://www.rethinkvenezuela.com/news/05-30-07ips.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720144437/http://www.rethinkvenezuela.com/news/05-30-07ips.html |archive-date=20 July 2011 |access-date=2007-06-05 |publisher=Inter Press Service}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Maris na shekara ta 2009 Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Amurka ta kammala shari'o'i biyu da tashoshin talabijin na Venezuela masu zaman kansu Globovision da RCTV suka kawo wa Venezuela. Ya kammala cewa gwamnatin Venezuela ta kasa yin isasshen don hanawa da kuma azabtar da ayyukan tsoratar da 'yan jarida ta wasu, kamar yadda [[Yarjejeniyar Amurka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam]] ta buƙaci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 March 2009 |title=Inter American Court of Human Rights |url=http://www.corteidh.or.cr/docs/comunicados/cp_02_09_esp.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522191400/http://www.corteidh.or.cr/docs/comunicados/cp_02_09_esp.pdf |archive-date=22 May 2011 |access-date=1 July 2009 |publisher=[[Inter-American Court of Human Rights|IACHR]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2015, Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Amurka ta yanke hukuncin cewa kin sabuntawa da izinin shine &quot;ƙuntatawa mara kai tsaye kan yin amfani da 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki [...] da nufin hana sadarwa da yaduwar ra'ayoyi da ra'ayoyin&quot;, cewa gwamnati ta keta haƙƙin tsarin da ya dace kuma dole ne ta dawo da izinin RCTV. Gwamnatin Venezuela ta yi watsi da hukuncin.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2019, an tsare wani dan jaridar Venezuelan mai zaman kansa Luis Carlos Díaz bisa zargin da ake yi na haifar da babbar wuta a kasar. Díaz ya gaya wa matarsa cewa a lokacin binciken, jami'an leken asiri sun buge shi da kwalkwali, suka kwace wayarsa, kwamfuta da tsabar kudi kuma suka yi masa barazanar dasa gawar a gidansa kuma suka zarge shi da kisan kai idan ya yi magana game da kamawa ga kowa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 March 2019 |title=Venezuela: Journalist Detained, Accused of Causing Blackout |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/03/12/venezuela-journalist-detained-accused-causing-blackout |access-date=12 March 2019 |publisher=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt; An tsare Díaz a cikin kurkukun El Helicoide da ke [[Karakas|Caracas]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Venezuelan Journalist Luis Carlos Díaz Was Detained After Reporting On His Country's Blackout |url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/hayesbrown/luis-carlos-diaz-detained-venezuela-blackout |access-date=12 March 2019 |publisher=BuzzFeed News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gudanar da adalci ===
Akwai matsaloli tare da tsarin adalci na Venezuela a duk lokacin dimokuradiyya (tun 1958). Baya ga rashin kulawa da majalisa, sojojin Venezuela suna da iko a kan tsarin shari'a fiye da sauran ƙasashe. Ana iya aika laifuka game da &quot;yancin kai da tsaro na al'umma, game da 'yanci da kuma tsarin jama'a&quot; ga alƙalai na soja, kuma sojojin suna sarrafa mafi yawan tilasta bin doka da suka shafi yankunan iyaka, ayyukan da ma'aikatan soja ko fararen hula suka yi a yankunan da ke karkashin ikon soja, da laifuka da dokar farar hula ta rufe. Dokar Venezuela ta ba 'yan sanda iko fiye da yadda suke yi a mafi yawan ƙasashe, kuma suna da muhimmiyar rawa wajen farawa da gudanar da ayyukan shari'a; &quot;yan sanda sun sannu a hankali sun ɗauki yawancin ayyukan duka [Ma'aikatar Shari'a] da alƙalai masu bincike&quot;. &quot;Wannan iko ya ba da izinin cin zarafin ya bazu a duk lokacin shari'a&quot;, gami da amfani da shaidu na ƙarya a kai a kai, abubuwan da suka ƙirƙira da kuma lalata shaidu, da kuma zargin ƙarya, gami da rashin amincewa da umarnin kotu, kariya ga jami'an da ake zargi, da kuma cin zarafin masu gwagwarmayar siyasa. Har ila yau, yana nufin cewa tsarin shari'a ya daɗe yana da talauci sosai wajen binciken zargin cin zarafin da jami'an gwamnati suka yi.

Wani rahoto na 1993 Human Rights Watch ya bayyana cewa &quot;gwamnatin shari'a tana cikin rikici. [Civil] kotuna suna lalacewa ta hanyar siyasa, cin hanci da rashawa, rashin inganci da rashin albarkatu. &quot; An gano wani ɓangare na matsalar a matsayin &quot;babban rawar&quot; alƙali a cikin shari'o'in aikata laifuka a gudanar da bincike, gami da jagorantar 'Yan sanda na shari'a. Shari'o'i masu rikitarwa na iya mamaye ma da alƙalai masu lamiri, kuma tsarin yana ba da sauƙin &quot;kayan aiki don rashin aiki na shari'a&quot;. Rahoton ya lura cewa &quot;ra'ayi ya yadu - tsakanin lauyoyi, alƙalai da masu biyan haraji da kuma talakawa - cewa cin hanci da rashawa ya lalata kowane matakin tsarin shari'a... &quot; Kafin 1991, an ce nadin alƙalai (ta hanyar Majalisar Shari'a) &quot;yana da hankali&quot;; daga baya, gasa da ka'idojin manufa sun rage tasirin siyasa har zuwa wani lokaci.

Babban matsala na dogon lokaci shine gazawar adalcin da ya taso daga jinkirta tsarin tsarin tsarin shari'a:  a cikin 1990 matsakaiciyar kotu ta karbi sabbin shari'o'i 675, kuma ta kai ga yanke shawara akan 120. A Caracas matsakaicin kotu ya ɗauki kwanaki 286 don kammala binciken lokaci na gwaji, a kan iyakar doka na 34; da kuma kwanaki 794 kafin yanke hukunci, sabanin adadin da doka ta tanada na 68. Sakamakon koma bayan shari’a, da yawa daga cikin fursunonin da aka yanke wa hukuncin za su shafe tsawon lokaci a tsare a lokacin yanke hukunci fiye da iyakar hukuncin da aka amince da su kan laifukan da suka aikata. Rikicin baya kuma yana ba da gudummawa sosai ga cunkoson gidajen yarin Venezuela.

An kama Richard Blanco, wani jami'in karamar hukuma daga Caracas, a Caracas a watan Agustan shekara ta 2009, an tuhume shi da tayar da tashin hankali da raunata jami'in 'yan sanda yayin zanga-zangar. Amnesty International ta ce &quot;tsayar da shi ya zama kamar siyasa ce&quot;, tana mai cewa shaidar bidiyon da aka bayar don tallafawa zargin ba ta nuna wata shaidar tashin hankali ko ta'addanci da Blanco ya yi ba. Amnesty ta nemi a sake shi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Document |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/document/?indexNumber=AMR53%2f009%2f2009&amp;language=en |access-date=2019-07-10 |website=www.amnesty.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=WebCite query result |url=http://www.amnestyusa.org/actioncenter/actions/uaa34609.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5tzBnSwMs?url=http://www.amnestyusa.org/actioncenter/actions/uaa34609.pdf |archive-date=2010-11-04 |access-date=2019-07-10 |website=www.webcitation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; An sake shi a kan beli a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2010. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Document |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/document/?indexNumber=amr53%2f005%2f2010&amp;language=en |access-date=2019-07-10 |website=www.amnesty.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Japan]] mulkin mallaka ne na tsarin mulki. The Human Rights Scores Dataverse ya sanya Japan a wani wuri a tsakiya tsakanin ƙasashen G7 akan aikinta na haƙƙin ɗan adam, a ƙasa da [['Yancin Dan Adam a Jamus|Jamus]] da Kanada da sama da Ingila, [['Yancin Dan Adam a Faransa|Faransa]], Italiya, da [['Yancin Dan Adam a Amurka|Amurka]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Fariss |first=Christopher |date=2019-05-27 |title=Latent Human Rights Protection Scores Version 3 |url=https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/TADPGE |language=en |publisher=Harvard Dataverse |doi=10.7910/DVN/TADPGE}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙididdigar Ƙasashe masu rauni ta sanya Japan ta biyu a ƙarshe a cikin G7 bayan Amurka a kan &quot;Human Rights and Rule of Law&quot; sub-indicator.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Global Data {{!}} Fragile States Index |url=https://fragilestatesindex.org/data/ |access-date=2020-03-18 |website=fragilestatesindex.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dangane da kididdigar Ma'aikatar Shari'a (MOJ) don 2022, hukumomin kare hakkin dan adam na MOJ sun sami shawarwari 159,864 kan take hakkin dan adam, sun kammala shari'o'i 7,627 na matakan gyara ga wadanda abin ya shafa, kuma sun fara shari'o-tafiye 7,859 na matakan gyarawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;moj2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=令和4年における「人権侵犯事件」の状況について（概要） |url=https://www.moj.go.jp/content/001393246.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915090717/https://www.moj.go.jp/content/001393246.pdf |archive-date=September 15, 2023 |access-date=15 September 2023 |website=Ministry of Justice (Japan) |page=3-5, 25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga cikin shari’o’in da MOJ ta kammala gyara ga wadanda abin ya shafa, mafi yawan shari’o’in da suka shafi nuna wariya sun hada da burakumin wariya (406), sai nakasassu, marasa lafiya, mazauna kasashen waje, mata, tsofaffi, da asalin jinsi.&lt;ref name=&quot;moj2022&quot; /&gt; Daga cikin shari'o'in da MOJ ta fara aiwatarwa ga wadanda abin ya shafa, 18.6% sun hada da keta sirri, 14.5% sun shafi haƙƙin ma'aikata, 13.3% sun haɗa da cin zarafi a makaranta, 12.8% sun haɗa da cin zarafi da cin zarafi, 10.2% sun haɗa da karba da tilastawa. A cewar MOJ, yawan take hakkin dan Adam ya ragu daga shekara zuwa shekara, amma yawan laifukan cin zarafi da keta hakkin bil'adama a Intanet ya kasance da yawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;moj2022&quot; /&gt;

Baƙi a Japan na iya fuskantar take haƙƙin ɗan adam wanda ƴan ƙasar Japan ba sa yi. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kafofin watsa labaru na yammacin Turai sun ba da rahoton cewa kamfanoni na Japan suna yawan kwace fasfo na ma'aikatan baƙo a Japan, musamman ma'aikatan da ba su da kwarewa daga Philippines da sauran ƙasashe masu talauci na Asiya.

== Manyan batutuwa ==
Japan tana da hukuncin aikata laifuka sama da kashi 99%. A lokuta da yawa, kotuna sun yarda da ikirarin da aka tilasta musu kuma sun saki wadanda ke kurkuku. Don magance wannan, an zartar da doka a cikin 2016 wanda ke buƙatar yin wasu tambayoyi a bidiyo. Koyaya, wannan ya shafi kawai mutanen da ake zargi da manyan laifuka, kamar kisan kai, ƙonewa da satar mutane, waɗanda suka kai kashi 3% kawai na shari'o'in. A cikin ƙasashen shari'a na yau da kullun waɗanda ke yin shari'a ta hanyar juriya, babban ƙimar yanke hukunci na iya nuna cewa waɗanda ake tuhuma ba sa karɓar [[Ƴancin gwaji|Shari'a mai kyau]]. Wani lokaci masu gabatar da kara na Japan sun yanke shawarar kada su gurfanar da su a cikin ƙananan laifuka ko kuma lokacin da akwai babban yiwuwar rashin laifi. Wasu masu bincike na Japan sun yi imanin cewa wannan yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da yawan yanke hukunci a Japan. Adadin masu gabatar da kara a Japan ya kai 33.4%. Ba a bi kashi 64.3 cikin dari ba. Japan kuma tana aiwatar da hukuncin kisa, wanda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ke da niyya, kamar yadda wasu manyan kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da [[Tarayyar Turai]] ke yi (duba Hukuncin kisa a Japan).

Akwai cece-kuce da yawa da suka shafi zamantakewa da shari'a na tsiraru. Ko da yake Jafanawa suna ɗaukar kansu a matsayin mutane iri ɗaya, ƴan tsiraru sun wanzu, kuma galibi suna fuskantar wariya. Mafi yawan ƴan tsiraru su ne hisabetsu buraku miliyan biyu zuwa huɗu (&quot;al'ummomin da ake nuna wariya&quot;), zuriyar ƙazamar ƙauyen Japan na feudal. Sauran irin wadannan tsiraru sun hada da Ainu, ’yan asalin arewacin Japan, da kuma mutanen Okinawa. Har ila yau, kasar Japan tana da mazauna 'yan asalin Koriya da Sinawa dubu dari da dama wadanda tare da sauran mazauna kasashen waje suka fuskanci bambancin salo da wariya.

== Tsarin shari'a ==

=== Furci ===
Kundin Tsarin Mulki da Kundin Laifukan sun hada da tsare-tsare don tabbatar da cewa ba za a iya tilasta wa wanda ake zargi da aikata laifin aikata laifi ba. A shekara ta 2003, an daina amfani da bel ɗin hana fata. An kafa ƙuƙumi masu laushi na fata ba tare da bel na jiki ba a matsayin madadin na'urorin hanawa. Kungiyar kare hakkin bil adama ta Amnesty International ta bukaci kasar Japan da ta sake fasalin hanyoyin binciken ‘yan sanda.

=== Mutuwar fursunoni ===
Akwai bayanan fursunoni a Japan da suka mutu a cikin wani yanayi na zato yayin da suke tsare.

* A ranar 20 ga Yuni, 1994, Arjang Mehrpooran na ƙasar Iran ya mutu daga abubuwan da ba a sani ba yayin da yake tsare don keta visa a ofishin 'yan sanda na Minami Senju. An yi zargin cewa an kai masa hari ne ya haifar da mutuwarsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Imtiaz A. Chaudhry |title=Japanese Government's Mysterious Policies |url=http://www.tabunka.org/newsletter/immigration_p1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425151055/http://www.tabunka.org/newsletter/immigration_p1.html |archive-date=April 25, 2009 |access-date=May 19, 2010 |publisher=United for a Multicultural Japan}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* A ranar 9 ga watan Agusta, 1997, Mousavi Abarbe Kouh Mir Hossein, ɗan ƙasar Iran, ya karye wuyansa kuma ya mutu yayin da yake cikin kulawar Cibiyar Kula da Shige da Fice ta Kita Ward.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=1998 |title=1998 Annual Report for Japan |url=http://www.amnestyusa.org/annualreport.php?id=ar&amp;yr=1998&amp;c=JPN |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110218150859/http://www.amnestyusa.org/annualreport.php?id=ar&amp;yr=1998&amp;c=JPN |archive-date=February 18, 2011 |access-date=May 19, 2010 |publisher=Amnesty International}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* A shekara ta 2001, an ruwaito cewa masu tsaron gidan yarin [[Nagoya]] guda biyu sun yayyafa bututun ruwa mai karfi a jikin wani fursuna &quot;marasa iko&quot;, wanda ya haifar da mutuwarsa washegari. A sakamakon shari'arsa ta Maris 2003, an gargadi mai kula da gidan don hana ci gaba da cin zarafin da ma'aikatansa suka yi.
* A shekara ta 2002, wani fursuna a gidan yarin [[Nagoya]] ya mutu bayan masu gadi, a matsayin matakin horo, sun yi amfani da maɓallin fata da belin jiki da aka yi amfani da shi sosai.
* A ranar 22 ga Maris, 2010, Abubaka Awudu Suraj, ɗan ƙasar [[Ghana]], ya mutu yayin da yake hannun Ofishin Shige da Fice na Japan yayin da aka kore shi daga Japan.
* A ranar 6 ga Maris, 2021, Wishma Sandamali, wata mace ta Sri Lanka, ta mutu a tsare a wani wurin tsare shige da fice a Nagoya bayan an hana roƙonta na sakin wucin gadi da isasshen kulawa.

A shekara ta 2003, Ma’aikatar Shari’a ta kafa wata tawaga ta musamman da za ta binciki mutuwar fursunoni 1,566 daga 1993 zuwa 2002. Wani rahoto na farko ya nuna cewa kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na shari’o’in sun ƙunshi abubuwa da ake tuhuma. Koyaya, a cikin watan Yuni, Ma'aikatar ta sanar da cewa akwai alamun cin zarafi kawai a cikin asarar rayuka biyu na Nagoya. Dangane da sauran mutuwar da ake zargin, Ma'aikatar ta ce ana iya danganta mutuwar kusan 10 da rashin kulawar lafiya. Hukumomi sun ba da rahoton cewa sun yi asarar takardun mutuwar mutane tara a gidan yarin Fuchū na [[Tokyo]]. Ragowar mutuwar an ƙaddara cewa &quot;ba za a yi shakka ba&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Japan |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/27772.htm |website=U.S. Department of State}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tun daga watan Mayun 2019, Japan ba ta rattaba hannu ko amincewa da Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ga Yarjejeniyar Yaƙi da azabtarwa da sauran Mummunan Jiyya ko Hukunci.

=== Tsarin kurkuku ===
Yanayin kurkuku ya cika ka'idojin kasa da kasa; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=JAPAN 2017 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT |url=https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/277329.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420183856/https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/277329.pdf |archive-date=2018-04-20 |website=state.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; duk da cewa wasu ba su da isasshen kulawar lafiya da isassun dumama a lokacin sanyi ko sanyaya a lokacin rani kuma wasu wuraren sun cika makil. An hana fursunoni su saya ko karɓar ƙarin abinci. Yayin da ake ajiye bayanan kisa na tsawon shekaru 10, yawancinsu sun bace, wanda ya haifar da ci gaba da bitar tsarin gidan yari. Fursunoni suna aiki a matsakaicin iya aiki 117%.  A wasu cibiyoyin, an sanya fursunoni biyu a cikin ɗakunan da aka tsara don fursunoni ɗaya, kuma talatin ko sittin a cikin ɗakuna da aka tsara na 15.

A cewar jami'an gidan yarin na Fuchū da Yokohama, kulawar likitoci ba ta cika ba. Ofishin gyaran fuska na MOJ ma ya yarda cewa wuraren gyara ba su da shiri na likita. Tawagar Gwamnati kan lamurran Likitoci na Cibiyoyin Kula da Lafiya sun ci gaba da tuntubar ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa a kan batutuwan da suka shafi ƙara yawan ma'aikatan lafiya, haɓaka yanayin kiwon lafiya a cikin dare da ƙarshen mako, da ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa tare da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya a cikin al'umma. A watan Mayu, Ministan ya kafa wani karamin kwamiti don inganta cibiyoyin kula da lafiyar gidan yari.

A wasu cibiyoyin tufafi da barguna ba su isa su kare fursunoni daga yanayin sanyi ba. Galibin gidajen yari ba sa samar da dumama a lokutan sanyi a lokacin sanyi duk da sanyin sanyi, lamarin da ya sa fursunonin gamuwa da raunukan sanyi da za a iya hana su. Fursunonin kasashen waje a yankin Tokyo sun ci gaba da gabatar wa jami'an diflomasiyya masu ziyara a cikin wannan shekarar yatsu da yatsu da sanyin sanyi ya shafa, sakamakon kamuwa da sanyi na dogon lokaci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Japan |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2012/eap/204206.htm |website=U.S. Department of State}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Lauyoyin Japan, hukumomi suna ba da izini su karanta wasiƙun da fursunoni suka aika ko aka karɓa kuma ba a buƙatar su bayyana wannan aikin ga fursunoni. Idan abun cikin ana ganin &quot;bai dace ba&quot;, ana iya tantance wasiƙar ko kwace. An kula da duk ziyarar da fursunoni da aka yanke wa hukunci; duk da haka, fursunonin da shari'o'insu ke kan shari'a an ba su damar shiga cikin sirri ga wakilansu na doka.

Ba a buƙatar MOJ ta sanar da dangin wanda aka yanke wa hukuncin kisa kafin a kashe shi. Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam sun bayyana cewa, suma lauyoyin ba a sanar da hukuncin kisa ba sai bayan da aka yanke hukuncin kisa kuma an tsare fursunonin da aka yanke wa hukuncin kisa na tsawon shekaru a gidan yari ba tare da wata alaka da kowa ba sai masu gadin gidan yari. Ba za a iya ba da izini ga kowane dalili ba, gami da dalilai na likita da na jin kai, har sai wani fursuna ya cika kashi biyu bisa uku na hukuncin daurinsa.

JFBA da kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil adama sun soki tsarin gidan yari, tare da mai da hankali kan tsauraran ladabtarwa da kuma biyayya ga dokoki da dama. Dokokin gidan yari sun kasance sirri. Yayin da dokar tilasta bin doka ta gidan yari ta bayyana cewa iyakar lokacin da za a iya tsare fursunoni a cikin ɗaki ɗaya shine watanni 6, masu fafutuka sun yi iƙirarin cewa masu gadin sun ci gaba da samun fa'ida sosai wajen aiwatar da hukunce-hukuncen zaɓe, gami da &quot;ƙananan ɗaurin kurkuku&quot;, wanda za'a iya sanya shi aƙalla 1 kuma bai wuce kwanaki 60 ba. An kuma yi iƙirarin cewa a wasu lokuta ana tilasta wa fursunoni durƙusa ba motsi a cikin ɗakin da babu kowa na sa'o'i da yawa a lokaci guda; duk da haka, an bar baki da nakasassu su zauna a kan wani katafaren kujera, bisa ga shawarar mai kula da gidan yarin.

A cikin Disamba, [yaushe?] Majalisar Dattawa ta zartar da dokar da aka yiwa Laifuka da kuma sake duba dokar gidan yari ta 1908. Dokar Laifukan-Laifi ta yi kira da a biya diyya da shawarwari ga waɗanda aka yi wa laifi, kiyaye haƙƙin waɗanda abin ya shafa, da ba da bayanan binciken laifuka. Da nufin ƙarfafa hukunce-hukunce a kan masu aikata laifuka, bita na dokar Penal Code ta kafa sabbin tuhume-tuhume kan aikata laifin fyade ga ƙungiyoyi, ƙara mafi girman zaman gidan yari da hukunce-hukuncen laifuffukan da ke barazana ga rayuwa, da kuma tsawaita ka'idojin zartar da manyan laifuka daga shekaru 15 zuwa 29.

A cikin Fabrairun 2003, gwamnati ta amince da Yarjejeniyar Canja Hukunce-hukunce, ta ba da damar fursunonin kasashen waje su gabatar da kara don cika hukuncin daurinsu a kasarsu. Gwamnati ta kara da cewa dole ne fursunoni su yi akalla kashi daya bisa uku na hukuncin da aka yanke musu a Japan kafin a yi la'akari da koke. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2007, an mayar da fursunoni 10 na Amurka zuwa Amurka don kammala hukuncin daurinsu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Prisoner Transfer |url=http://tokyo.usembassy.gov/e/acs/tacs-transfer.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081225134138/http://tokyo.usembassy.gov/e/acs/tacs-transfer.html |archive-date=December 25, 2008 |access-date=October 21, 2008 |publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mata da matasa an zaunar da su daban da maza; duk da haka, maza masu gadin gidan yari a wasu lokuta suna gadin fursunonin mata. A cikin wannan shekarar, an tuhumi wani ma’aikacin gidan yari da laifin “tashin hankali da rashin tausayi daga wani jami’in gwamnati na musamman” saboda yin lalata da wata fursuna da ke jiran shari’a. A cikin wannan shekarar, wasu wuraren tsare mata suna aiki bisa ga iya aiki. An tsare fursunonin da ake tsare da su daban da fursunonin da aka yanke musu hukunci.

Yayin da gwamnati ta iyakance damar kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam zuwa wuraren tsare mutane, an ba da izinin ziyartar gidajen yari. Sai dai Amnesty International ta yi ikirarin cewa ba a ba wa kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil adama damar shiga gidan yarin Nagoya ba saboda yadda ake ci gaba da shari'ar kotuna da ke da alaka da cin zarafi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Refugees |first=United Nations High Commissioner for |title=Refworld {{!}} U.S. Department of State Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2003 – Japan |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/403f57b98.html |access-date=2019-12-03 |website=Refworld |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Hana kamawa ko tsare-tsare ===
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya haramta kamawa da tsarewa ba bisa ka'ida ba, kuma gabaɗaya Gwamnati tana kiyaye waɗannan hane-hane. Dokar ta tanadi hukuncin shari'a game da halaccin tsarewa. Ba za a iya tsare mutane ba tare da tuhuma ba, kuma dole ne hukumomi masu gabatar da kara su shirya don nuna cewa akwai yuwuwar dalilin tsare wanda ake tuhuma. A karkashin doka, ana iya tsare wanda ake tuhuma a gidan yari na yau da kullun ko wurin “madogayya” (’yan sanda) na tsare har na tsawon awanni 72. Dole ne alkali ya yi hira da wadanda ake tuhuma kafin a tsare su. Alkalin zai iya tsawaita tsarewar tuhumar har zuwa kwanaki 10 a jere bisa la'akari da bukatar mai gabatar da kara. An nemi waɗannan kari kuma an ba su akai-akai. A karkashin yanayi na ban mamaki, masu gabatar da kara na iya neman karin kwanaki 5, wanda zai kawo iyakar lokacin tsarewar zuwa kwanaki 28.

Hukumar tsaron ‘yan sanda ta kasa ce ke kula da hukumar ‘yan sanda ta kasa (NPA). Bugu da kari, kowace karamar hukuma tana da hukumar kula da lafiyar ‘yan sanda da kuma hukumar ‘yan sanda, wanda kasafin kudin karamar hukumar ya samu. Cin hanci da rashawa da rashin hukunta su ba matsala ba ne a cikin rundunar 'yan sanda na kasa ko na lardin

A karkashin kundin tsarin laifuka, 'yan sanda da masu gabatar da kara suna da ikon sarrafawa ko iyakance damar lauya idan sun ga ya cancanta saboda bincike. Ba za a iya ba da shawara ba yayin tambayoyi a kowane lokaci kafin ko bayan tuhuma. Da yake ba a amince da lauyan da kotu ta nada ba sai bayan an tuhume shi, dole ne wadanda ake tuhuma su dogara da dukiyarsu wajen daukar lauya kafin a gurfanar da su gaban kuliya, ko da yake kungiyoyin lauyoyi na cikin gida sun baiwa wadanda ake tsare da shawarwarin kyauta. Masu sukar sun yi zargin cewa samun damar samun shawara ya iyakance duka a tsawon lokaci da mita; sai dai gwamnatin ta musanta cewa haka lamarin yake. Za a iya amfani da tsarewar da ba a san kowa ba har tsawon kwanaki 23.

Masu sukar sun yi zargin cewa barin tsare wadanda ake tuhuma a hannun hukumomin da suka yi musu tambayoyi yana kara yiwuwar cin zarafi da tilastawa. Gwamnati ta ce shari'o'in mutanen da aka aika zuwa wuraren da ake tsare da 'yan sanda sun kasance wadanda ba a cece-kuce a kai ba. Dokar MOJ ta ba wa jami'ai damar iyakance adadin takardun da suka shafi shari'ar kotuna da fursunoni ke riƙe.

[[Law for Expediting Court Procedure|Dokar Gudanar da Hanyar Kotun]] ta fara aiki a shekara ta 2003. Matsakaicin lokacin shari'a a shekara ta 2005 ya kasance watanni 3.2 don shari'o'in aikata laifuka &lt;ref name=&quot;HR2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 6, 2007 |title=Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – 2006 |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2006/78775.htm |access-date=October 21, 2008 |publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; da watanni 8.2 don shari'ar farar hula. Tsawon lokacin da aka kawo wanda ake zargi a gaban shari'a ya dogara da yanayin laifin, amma da wuya ya wuce watanni 3 daga ranar kamawa; matsakaicin ya kasance 1 zuwa 2 watanni.

=== Jarabawar ===
Kundin tsarin mulki ya tanadi tsarin shari'a mai zaman kansa, kuma gwamnati gaba daya ta mutunta wannan tanadi a aikace. Majalisar zartaswa ta nada alkalai na wa'adi na shekaru 10, wanda za a iya sabunta shi har sai alkalan sun kai shekaru 65. Alkalan kotun koli na iya yin aiki har zuwa shekaru 70, amma suna fuskantar bitar lokaci-lokaci ta hanyar kuri'ar jin ra'ayin jama'a.

Akwai matakan kotuna da dama, da suka hada da manyan kotuna, kotunan gunduma, kotunan iyali, da kotunan takaitawa, inda kotun koli ke zama kotun daukaka kara ta karshe. Yawancin lokaci ana fara shari'a a matakin kotun gunduma, kuma ana iya ɗaukaka hukunci zuwa babbar kotun, kuma a ƙarshe, zuwa Kotun Koli. Gabaɗaya gwamnati na mutunta tanadin tsarin mulki na yancin yin gaggawar shari'a a gaban jama'a ta wata kotun da ba ta son kai a duk wani shari'a. Ko da yake an kammala yawancin shari'o'in masu aikata laifuka a cikin lokaci mai ma'ana, wasu lokuta lokuta suna ɗaukar shekaru da yawa don yin aiki ta hanyar shari'a da tsarin ɗaukaka.

A cikin Yuli 2003, Diet ya zartar da doka da nufin rage matsakaicin lokacin da ake buƙata don kammala shari'ar laifuka da shari'ar farar hula da suka haɗa da gwajin shaida. Tanadin ta sun haɗa da ɗaukar lambobi masu yawa na ƙarin kotuna da ma'aikatan MOJ, sake duba jarrabawar mashahuran, kafa sabbin makarantun shari'a da za su ƙara yawan ƙwararrun shari'a har sau uku nan da 2010, da buƙatar kotuna da masu adawa da ƙararraki su yi aiki tare don inganta tsarin shari'a ta hanyar ba da izinin tattarawa da bayyanawa a baya. Kwamitin ba da shawara kan sake fasalin shari'a ya fitar da ka'idojin kafa makarantun shari'a na digiri, kuma a cikin Maris 2004, jami'o'i 68 (22 na jama'a da masu zaman kansu 46) sun buɗe sabbin makarantun shari'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt;

Dokar Yuli 2003, doka ta kuma sa Kotun Koli ta dauki alhakin hanzarta shari'a a ƙananan kotuna, ta sanya wa'adin shekaru 2 ga kotuna don kawo ƙarshen shari'ar masu laifi da na farar hula, kuma tana buƙatar gwamnati ta ɗauki matakan shari'a da na kuɗi don cimma waɗannan manufofin. Ana sanar da wanda ake tuhuma game da tuhume-tuhumen da aka kama kuma wata kotun farar hula mai zaman kanta tare da lauya mai kare kariya da hakkin yi mata tambayoyi ta tabbatar da shari'ar jama'a. Babu wata shari'a ta juri; duk da haka, wani kudurin doka na sake fasalin shari'a da aka zartar a watan Mayu zai ba da damar yin shari'ar manyan laifuka ta mutum shida, alkalai da aka zaba ba bisa ka'ida ba. A shekarar 2009 ne aka shirya fara aiki da dokar.

Ana kyautata zaton wanda ake tuhuma bashi da laifi. Kundin tsarin mulkin kasar ya ba wa wadanda ake tuhuma ‘yancin kada a tilasta musu su yi shaida a kansu da kuma samun damar samun lauyoyi kyauta da sirri; duk da haka, Gwamnati ta ce 'yancin tuntuɓar lauyoyi ba cikakke ba ne kuma ana iya ƙuntatawa idan irin wannan ƙuntatawa ta dace da ruhin Kundin Tsarin Mulki. Samun shiga wani lokaci an rage shi a aikace; alal misali, dokar ta baiwa masu gabatar da kara damar sarrafa damar da za su iya tuntubar lauyoyi kafin a gurfanar da su a gaban kuliya, sannan akwai zargin cewa an tilasta musu yin ikirari. Wadanda ake tuhuma suna da kariya daga sake aiwatar da dokoki kuma suna da hakkin samun damar samun shaida mai laifi bayan an gurfanar da su a hukumance. Koyaya, doka ba ta buƙatar cikakken bayyanawa daga masu gabatar da kara, kuma ana iya danne kayan da masu gabatar da kara ba su yi amfani da su a kotu ba. Masu sukar sun yi iƙirarin cewa wakilan shari'a na waɗanda ake tuhuma ba sa samun damar yin amfani da duk abubuwan da suka dace a cikin rikodin 'yan sanda. Wanda ake tuhuma wanda bai gamsu da hukuncin da kotun shari'a ta yanke ba na iya daukaka kara zuwa babbar kotu.

Babu ƙa'idodin da ke ba da izinin ingantaccen ingancin sadarwa tsakanin alkalai, lauyoyi, da waɗanda ba Jafananci waɗanda ake tuhuma ba, kuma babu daidaitaccen tsarin lasisi ko cancantar tabbatar da masu fassara na kotu. Ana iya ci gaba da shari'a ko da wanda ake tuhuma bai fahimci abin da ke faruwa ba ko abin da ake faɗa ba. Fursunonin kasashen waje akai-akai sun yi iƙirarin cewa 'yan sanda sun bukace su da su sanya hannu a cikin maganganun Jafananci cewa ba za su iya karantawa ba kuma ba a fassara su da kyau.

Ya zuwa watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, Japan ba ta sanya hannu ko tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ta Farko ga Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa da Yarjejeniya ta Biyu ga Yarjejeniya Ta Duniya kan 'Yanfin Bil'adami da Siyasa ba.

Babu rahotanni game da fursunonin siyasa.

=== Sauran batutuwa ===

* The Constitution does not prohibit arbitrary interference with [[Keɓantawa|privacy]], family, home, or correspondence but prohibit them by [[Shari'ar shari'a|case law]] on interpretation on Article 13 of the Constitution, and the government generally respects these prohibitions in practice.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2007}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2007)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; In April 2003, the Public Security Investigation Agency extended surveillance of the terrorist group Aleph (formerly known as Aum Shinrikyo) because the government declared the group still posed a danger to society. In 2002, the Defense Agency confirmed reports that it had violated a law protecting personal information when it compiled lists of citizens seeking official documents. A privacy bill to prevent such actions passed the Diet on May 2, 2003.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2021}}
* The government's attitude regarding international and nongovernmental investigation of alleged violations of human rights is generally cooperative and responsive to human rights groups' views, although the government restricts their access to detention facilities. A number of domestic and international human rights groups generally operated without governmental restrictions, investigating and publishing their findings on human rights cases. Government officials generally were cooperative and responsive to their views, although the Government restricted access by human rights groups to detention facilities.
* In December 2008 [[Kwamitin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya|United Nations Human Rights Committee]] gave a recommendation to Japan relating to public welfare in Article 12 and 13 of the Constitution that &quot;while taking note of the State party's explanation that 'public welfare' cannot be relied on as a ground on placing arbitrary restrictions on human rights, the Committee reiterate its concern that the concept of 'public welfare' is vague and open-ended and may permit restrictions exceeding those permissible under the Covenant (art. 2).&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consideration of Reports Submitted by States Parties Under Article 40 of the Covenant, CCPR/C/JPN/CO/5, (para 10 p.3) 18 December 2008 |url=http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G09/401/08/PDF/G0940108.pdf?OpenElement |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413123227/http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G09/401/08/PDF/G0940108.pdf?OpenElement |archive-date=April 13, 2015 |access-date=December 31, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== 'Yancin Jama'a ==

=== 'Yanci na magana da na' yan jarida ===
Kundin tsarin mulkin kasar Japan ya tanadi ‘yancin fadin albarkacin baki da kuma ‘yan jarida. A ra'ayi, 'yan jarida masu zaman kansu, ingantaccen shari'a, da tsarin siyasar dimokuradiyya mai aiki sun haɗu don tabbatar da 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki da 'yan jarida. Sai dai, tsarin kulab din 'yan jarida na musamman na kasar Japan ya sha suka daga kungiyoyin 'yancin 'yan jarida. Kulab ɗin galibi suna ba da manyan kafofin watsa labarai damar keɓance hanyoyin samun labarai, tare da hana masu ba da rahoto na waje da masu zaman kansu. Ƙungiyoyin suna ba wa manema labarai damar samun damar yin taron manema labarai na hukuma da kuma bayanan baya tare da 'yan siyasa, lauyoyi da shugabannin 'yan kasuwa. Masu suka dai sun ce tsarin kulab din ya baiwa hukumomi damar dakile labaran da suke ganin ba shi da dadi a gare su kuma yana rage ingancin labaran.

Batutuwan 'yancin magana da' yan jarida sun hada da:

* A watan Yulin shekara ta 2003, Majalisar Dattijai ta zartar da dokar da ta hana neman jima'i daga kananan yara ta hanyar Intanet. Kungiyar Masu ba da Intanet ta Japan da Kungiyar Kula da Sadarwa ta nuna damuwa game da ma'anar shafukan da aka haramta wa yara kuma game da ayyukan da ake buƙatar masu ba da su ɗauka don hana amfani da shafukan Intanet ba bisa ka'ida ba.
* A cikin 2015 'yan jarida da masana siyasa sun ba da rahoton cewa gwamnatin Firayim Minista [[Shinzo Abe|Shinzō Abe]] tana yin canji mai mahimmanci a cikin ma'auni na iko tsakanin gwamnatinsa da kafofin watsa labarai, ta amfani da dabaru don yin shiru da sukar da ta wuce duk abin da magabata ya gwada. Wadannan sun hada da: karin korafe-korafe masu tsattsauran ra'ayi ga shugabannin 'yan jarida da masu sharhi, wanda ya sa wasu' yan jarida da mai sharhi su rasa ayyukansu; karin ramuwar gayya ga tashoshin da ke ci gaba da kuskuren gwamnati; nada sabon shugaban ga mai watsa shirye-shiryen jama'a na kasa, NHK, wanda ya bayyana cewa cibiyar sadarwa ba za ta kauce wa ra'ayoyin gwamnati ba; kuma a bayyane tana nuna cewa lasisin watsa shirye-aikacen watsa shirye-gyare na cibiyoyin sadarwa masu tsattsthi na cibiyoyi masu tsattsi da yawa a karkashin dokar da gangan ba.
** karin korafe-korafe ga shugabannin 'yan jarida da masu sharhi, wanda ya sa wasu' yan jarida da mai sharhi su rasa ayyukansu;
** karin ramuwar gayya ga hanyoyin da ke ci gaba da yin kuskure ga gwamnati;
** nada sabon shugaban ga mai watsa shirye-shiryen jama'a na kasa, NHK, wanda ya bayyana cewa cibiyar sadarwa ba za ta kauce wa ra'ayoyin gwamnati ba; da
** a bayyane yana nuna cewa za a soke lasisin watsa shirye-shirye na cibiyoyin sadarwa masu mahimmanci a karkashin dokar da ke buƙatar rahotanni na talabijin ba da gangan ba su karkatar da gaskiyar.

'Yan jarida, masu sharhi da ƙwararrun kafofin watsa labaru sun ce a yanzu gidajen jaridu suna yin la'akari da abubuwan da suka faru ko kuma cire muryoyin da suka dace don guje wa jawo fushin hukuma.

A karkashin Mataki na 4 na Dokar watsa shirye-shirye, watsa shirye-aikacen talabijin na Japan yana buƙatar adalci na siyasa, kuma akwai azabtarwa kamar soke lasisi. Wannan dokar ta wanzu tun kafin gwamnatin Abe. Batun soke lasisi shine amsar tambayar jam'iyyar adawa game da dokar watsa shirye-shirye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=特集ワイド：高市氏の「停波」発言 ホントの怖さ – 毎日新聞 |url=https://mainichi.jp/articles/20160218/dde/012/010/060000c |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108135936/https://mainichi.jp/articles/20160218/dde/012/010/060000c |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=November 7, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, kafofin watsa labarai na Japan sun yi tsayayya da wannan sosai. [[Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Dan Adam|UNCHR]] ta yi kira ga cire Mataki na 4,  amma yawancin kafofin watsa labarai na Japan suna adawa da cire Mataki ya 4.

Ichiro Furutachi dan jarida ne da ya rasa aikinsa. Ya gaya wa Sankei Shimbun, &quot;Gwamnatin ba ta matsa lamba,&quot; &quot;Idan rahotonmu karya ne, za a murkushe shirinmu, don haka akwai tsarin kai don samar da rahoto mai inganci don jin tsoro&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=【古舘伊知郎インタビュー特別版】「政権は何も圧力をかけてないが、自主規制の悪魔と闘わねばならない」「産経に悪く書かれるとおいしい」　（2/2ページ） – 産経ニュース |url=https://www.sankei.com/premium/news/160606/prm1606060006-n2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031191440/https://www.sankei.com/premium/news/160606/prm1606060006-n2.html |archive-date=October 31, 2019 |access-date=October 31, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 'Yanci na Intanet ====
Freedom House ta kimanta damar Intanet ta Japan a matsayin &quot;kyauta&quot; tare da ƙididdigar da ta kai 22.

Samun damar Intanet a Japan ba shi da iyaka. Babu wata dokar gwamnati da ta hana shiga Intanet ko rahotannin da ke nuna cewa gwamnati na bincikar saƙon imel ko taɗi ta Intanet ba tare da izini na doka da ya dace a ƙasar ba. Kundin tsarin mulki da doka sun kare 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki, kuma gwamnati na mutunta wannan hakkin a aikace. Gwamnati ba ta tsoma baki wajen samun damar buga littattafan Intanet. Mutane da ƙungiyoyi suna shiga cikin yanayin bayyana ra'ayi mai daɗi ta Intanet, gami da imel. Doka da tsarin mulki sun haramta kutse ba tare da izini ba ga sirri, iyali, gida, ko wasiku, kuma gabaɗaya gwamnati na mutunta waɗannan haramcin a aikace.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2020}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== 'Yanci na zaman lafiya da haɗin kai ===
The Constitution provides for the [[Yancin taro|freedom of assembly]] and association, and the Government generally respects these rights in practice.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2010}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2010)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== 'Yanci na addini ===
 
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ba da [['Yancin addini|'yancin addini]].

Mataki na 20 ya ce:
{{Blockquote|’Yancin addini ya tabbata ga kowa. Babu wata kungiyar addini da za ta sami wata gata daga Jiha, ko kuma ta yi amfani da wata hukuma ta siyasa.

(2) Ba za a tilasta wa wani mutum shiga cikin wani aiki na addini, biki, ibada ko aiki ba.

(3) Gwamnati da sassanta su nisanci ilimin addini ko wani aiki na addini.&lt;ref&gt;National Diet Library[http://www.ndl.go.jp/constitution/e/etc/c01.html#s3 The Constitution of Japan]&lt;/ref&gt;}}
&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template &quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Mambobin Cocin Unification sun yi zargin cewa ‘yan sanda ba su amsa zargin da ake yi wa ’yan cocin ba na tilas. Yayin da kararraki ke raguwa a cikin shekarar, mai magana da yawun Cocin Unification ya ba da rahoton cewa masu gabatar da kara sun yi watsi da kararraki biyu saboda karancin shaida. Ko da yake an ba da rahoton cewa an yi garkuwa da wata mamba daya daga danginta a cikin shekarar, Cocin Unification ba ta kai rahoton lamarin ga ‘yan sanda ba. An ci gaba da nuna damuwa game da halin da jami'ai ke yi na yanke hukunci kan lalata shirye-shirye a matsayin al'amarin iyali. Ba kamar na shekarun baya ba, Shaidun Jehobah sun ba da rahoton cewa Gwamnati tana daraja ’yancinsu na addini a wannan shekarar&lt;/sup&gt;

=== 'Yanci na motsi ===
Kundin tsarin mulki ya tanadi ‘yancin yin tafiya a cikin kasa, tafiye-tafiye zuwa kasashen waje, shige da fice, da kuma komawa gida, kuma gwamnati gaba daya tana mutunta su a aikace. Jama'a na da 'yancin yin tafiye-tafiye cikin 'yanci a cikin kasa da waje, canza wurin zama, yin hijira, da komawa gida bisa radin kansu. Za a iya rasa zama ɗan ƙasa ta hanyar zama ɗan ƙasa a wata ƙasa ko kuma ta hanyar gazawar mutanen da aka haifa tare da 'yan ƙasa biyu don zaɓar ɗan ƙasa a lokacin da ake buƙata. Doka ba ta ba da izinin yin hijira tilas ba, kuma ba a amfani da ita.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2006&quot;/&gt;

Doka ta tanadi ba da matsayin ɗan gudun hijira ko mafaka ga mutane daidai da yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 1951 dangane da matsayin 'yan gudun hijira ko yarjejeniya ta 1967. A aikace, gwamnati ta ba da kariya daga sakewa, komowar mutane zuwa ƙasar da suke fargabar tsanantawa, amma ba ta ba da izinin zama ɗan gudun hijira ko mafaka ba. Gwamnati ta hada kai da ofishin hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da sauran kungiyoyin jin kai wajen taimaka wa 'yan gudun hijira.

A cikin Mayu 2003, Abincin Abinci ya zartar da lissafin soke wa'adin kwanaki 60 na aikace-aikacen da ake buƙata a baya don baƙi masu neman matsayin 'yan gudun hijira. Dokar amincewa da ‘yan gudun hijira da ta gabata ta tanadi cewa dole ne masu neman izinin zama ‘yan gudun hijira su nemi izinin shiga cikin kwanaki 60 bayan isarsu Japan ko kuma cikin kwanaki 60 da suka fahimci cewa za a iya tsananta musu a kasarsu ta haihuwa. Baƙon da aka gane a matsayin ɗan gudun hijira yana da damar samun wuraren ilimi, taimakon jama'a da taimako, da fa'idodin jin daɗin jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2003&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 25, 2004 |title=Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – 2003 |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/27772.htm |access-date=October 21, 2008 |publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayanan gwamnati sun nuna cewa an tsare mutane 523,617 a shekarar 2003 a cibiyoyin tsare bakin haure. Rahotanni daga kafafen yada labarai sun ce an yi ta korar mutane da dama a asirce. A watan Yuli, wasu iyalai biyu Kurdawa sun gudanar da zanga-zangar kwanaki 72 don nuna adawa da umarnin korarsu a gaban jami'ar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke Tokyo.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt;

Ya zuwa shekara ta 2005, gwamnati ta ba da matsayin 'yan gudun hijira da mafaka ga waɗanda ke da'awar tsoron tsanantawa a cikin ƙananan shari'o'i.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 8, 2006 |title=Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – 2005 |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61610.htm |access-date=October 21, 2008 |publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wata kungiya mai zaman kanta (NGO), a cikin wata sanarwa ga Kwamitin Gudanarwa da Kare Hakkin Dan Adam, ta lura cewa, daga 1982 zuwa Disamba 2002, an yarda da mutane 301 a matsayin 'yan gudun hijira. Gwamnati ta yi la'akari da cewa yawancin mutanen da ke neman mafaka a kasar sun yi hakan ne saboda dalilai na tattalin arziki. A shekara ta 2003, akwai kimanin 'yan gudun hijira 7,900 da masu neman mafaka a kasar, daga cikinsu kimanin 7,700 'yan gudun gudun hijira ne na Vietnam da Kambodiya. Daga cikin ikirarin 'yan gudun hijira 336 da aka gabatar a shekara ta 2003, Gwamnati ta ba da mafaka ga mutane 10 daga [[Myanmar|Burma]], [[Burundi]], da [[Iran]] kuma ta ba da izinin zama na dogon lokaci bisa la'akari da jin kai ga 16. A matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin sake haɗuwa da iyali don dangi na kusa da 'yan gudun hijirar Indochinese da suka sake zama a cikin shekarun da suka gabata, Gwamnati ta yarda da' yan gudun hijira 147 daga Vietnam da Cambodia a shekara ta 2003.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt;

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2003, an zartar da doka da ta ba Ministan Shari'a ikon bayar da izinin zama na wucin gadi ga mutanen da ke neman mafaka.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2003&quot;/&gt; Duk da yake wannan dokar ta samar da hanyar da [[Mai Neman Mafaka|Masu neman mafaka]] za su sami matsayin doka a cikin ƙasar a lokacin tsarin amincewa da 'yan gudun hijira, a aikace yana da matukar wahala a sami irin waɗannan izini. A watan Janairun shekara ta 2003, [[Immigration Bureau|Ofishin Shige da Fice]] ya fara ba da cikakkun bayanai, rubuce-rubuce game da yanke shawara don kada a ba da matsayin 'yan gudun hijira ga masu neman mafaka kuma ya buɗe ofishin bayanai a Filin jirgin saman Narita don masu neman mafakar.

== 'Yancin siyasa ==
Kundin tsarin mulkin kasa ya bai wa ‘yan kasa ‘yancin sauya gwamnatinsu cikin lumana, kuma ‘yan kasar sun yi amfani da wannan ‘yancin a aikace ta hanyar zabe na lokaci-lokaci, da ‘yanci da kuma gaskiya da aka gudanar bisa tsarin zabe na duniya. Ƙasar dimokuradiyya ce ta majalisar dokoki da jam'iyyun siyasa ko jam'iyyun da ke da ikon samun rinjaye a majalisar wakilai na cin abinci na biyu. Jam'iyyar LDP da New Komeito Party ne suka kafa gwamnatin hadin gwiwa da ake da su. Sai dai a dan takaitaccen lokaci a shekarun 1990, LDP ce ke da rinjaye a kowace gwamnati tun tsakiyar shekarun 1950. An gudanar da babban zaben kasa na karshe a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 2024, sannan kuma an gudanar da zaben ‘yan majalisar dattawa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 2025.

A cewar kididdigar Hukumar 'yan sanda ta kasa daga Janairu zuwa Yuni 2003, an kama mutane 43 da suka shafi cin hanci da rashawa na siyasa saboda irin waɗannan zarge-zargen kamar cin hanci, yin magudi, da keta dokar kula da kudade na siyasa. Wannan ya kasance karuwar shari'o'i 14 daga shekarar da ta gabata a lokaci guda.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt; A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yawan mata da ke rike da mukamai na gwamnati ya karu a hankali. Ya zuwa watan Agustan 2023, mata sun rike kujeru 46 daga cikin 465 a cikin Lower House of the Diet  da kujeru 69 a cikin kujeru 248 na Upper House . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Japan: number of members in the lower house by gender |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1262138/japan-number-members-house-of-representatives-by-gender/ |access-date=2023-08-11 |website=Statista |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=参院選 女性当選者が35人で過去最多に 当選者に占める女性比率も過去最高：東京新聞 TOKYO Web |url=https://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/188816 |access-date=2023-08-11 |website=東京新聞 TOKYO Web |language=ja}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya zuwa watan Agustan 2023, akwai mata biyu a cikin majalisar ministoci. Ya zuwa watan Agustan 2023, 2 daga cikin gwamnonin 47 na kasar mata ne.

Tun daga watan Agustan 2023, Japan ba ta amince ko sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Kisan Kisa ba, Yarjejeniyar Bauta ta 1926 ko Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 1956 Ƙarin Yarjejeniya kan Kawar da Bauta.

== Nuna bambanci ==
Kundin tsarin mulkin kasa ya haramta wariya ga ’yan kasa bisa kabilanci, akida, jinsi, matsayin zamantakewa, ko asalin iyali; Ba 'yan kasa ba ba su da kariya daga waɗannan nau'ikan wariya ta tsarin mulki ko doka har zuwa 2014

=== Cin zarafin jinsi ===
A karon farko har abada, MHLW, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida da Sadarwa, da MEXT sun ba da ka'idoji na ministoci da sanarwa na yau da kullun waɗanda ke buƙatar hukumomi, ƙananan hukumomi, da makarantu don halartar batutuwan da suka shafi yanayin jima'i da cin zarafin jinsi da fitar da mutum a matsayin LGBT. Wannan ya faru ne a watan Mayun 2019. 

== Cin zarafin mata ==
Cin zarafi da ake yi wa mata, musamman cin zarafi a cikin gida, yawanci ba a ba da rahoto ba, saboda matsalolin zamantakewa da al'adu game da wulakanta iyali ko jefar da mutuncin mijin aure ko 'ya'yansa. Kididdigar da NPA ta yi kan cin zarafin mata ta yi nuni da girman matsalar. Bisa kididdigar da NPA ta yi, an samu kararraki 12,568 na rikicin cikin gida da kuma umarnin hana mutane 1,499 a shekarar 2003. 'Yan sanda sun dauki mataki a kararraki 41 da aka saba wa umarnin kotu. Tsakanin Afrilu da Satumba, cibiyoyin shawarwarin fifiko 120 sun sami shari'o'i 24,818 na shawarwarin tashin hankalin gida. Daga cikin jimlar shawarwari 103,986 tun daga kasafin kuɗi na 2002, 99.6% na mata ne. &lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt;

Dokar ta ba da damar kotunan gundumar su sanya umarni na watanni 6 a kan masu aikata tashin hankali na cikin gida da kuma yanke wa masu keta doka hukuncin har zuwa shekara 1 a kurkuku ko sanya tarar har zuwa miliyan 1 yen. A cewar alkaluman Kotun Koli daga Janairu zuwa Satumba 2003, an nemi aikace-aikace 1,579 don hana umarni akan ma'aurata masu cin zarafi, kuma an bayar da 1,256.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt; Dokokin ko dai sun haramta masu aikata laifin su kusanci wadanda aka azabtar ko kuma sun umarce su da su bar gida, ko duka biyun. Dokar ta kuma rufe auren doka da mutane da suka sake aure; ta kuma ƙarfafa prefectures su faɗaɗa wuraren mafaka ga waɗanda aka yi wa cin zarafin gida kuma sun ƙayyade cewa [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] suna ba da taimako na kuɗi ga cibiyoyin masu zaman kansu 40 da suka riga sun yi aiki da irin waɗannan mafaka.

Bita ga Doka don Rigakafin Rikicin Ma'aurata da Kariya ga waɗanda aka kashe a watan Mayu ya faɗaɗa ma'anar tashin hankalin ma'aurata ya haɗa da cin zarafi na tunani, jima'i, da ta jiki da ƙara tsawon umarnin hanawa daga makonni 2 zuwa watanni 2.

Kotun Koli ta yanke hukunci game da magana ta 750 na Dokar Jama’a a watan Disamba 2015. Wannan labarin yana bukatar mata da miji su ɗauki suna iri ɗaya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 12, 2017 |title=Human Rights Watch |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2017/country-chapters/japan# |access-date=December 11, 2018 |website=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rashin fyade ==
Kididdigar NPA ta ba da rahoton fyade 2,472 a shekara ta 2003.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt; An gurfanar da maza saboda fyade na aure; yawanci waɗannan shari'o'in sun haɗa da wani ɓangare na uku wanda ya taimaka wajen fyade. Dangane da manyan fyade da yawa a cikin shekara ta 2003 da suka shafi daliban koleji a Jami'ar Waseda, Babban Gidan ya zartar da lissafi a watan Disamba wanda ya sa fyade ya zama laifi wanda za'a iya hukunta shi da mafi ƙarancin shekaru 4 a kurkuku. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2004, an yanke wa wani tsohon dalibi hukuncin shekaru 14 a kurkuku saboda fyade mata biyu a wani biki da kungiyar dalibai ta &quot;Super Free&quot; ta shirya, da kuma mace ta uku a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2001. Dukkanin sauran wadanda ake tuhuma 13 sun sami hukuncin ɗaurin rai har zuwa shekaru 10. Yawancin kananan hukumomi sun amsa bukatar taimakon sirri ga matan da aka zalunta ta hanyar kafa sassan shawarwari na musamman na mata a cikin 'yan sanda da ofisoshin gundumar.&lt;ref name=&quot;CNN2018-04-22a&quot; /&gt; Koyaya, tun daga shekara ta 2018, har yanzu ana hana mata bayar da rahoton fyade da cin zarafin jima'i ta hanyar cikas na shari'a da na aiki, ta hanyar kula da mata da ke magana, kamar Shiori Itō, da sauran matsaloli da yawa. Tsohon shugaban ofishin masu gabatar da kara na gundumar Osaka ya yi wa wata mai gabatar da kara mata da ta bugu hari kuma an yi mata barazana. An gabatar da tuhumar kuma an kai karar shari'a a 2024, shekaru shida bayan haka.  

== Mata masu ta'aziyya ==
Yawancin shari'o'in da mata suka tilasta yin aiki a matsayin &quot;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (September 2011)&quot;&gt;when?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&quot; id=&quot;mwAe4&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Comfort women&quot;&gt;mata masu ta'aziyya&quot; (mata da 'yan mata da aka tilasta yin [[Bautar Jima'i|bautar jima'i]]) a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu an kammala su a shekara ta 2004. A watan Fabrairu, Babban Kotun Tokyo ta ki amincewa da roko da tsoffin mata 7 na Taiwan suka yi, yayin da a watan Nuwamba Kotun Koli ta yi watsi da karar lalacewa da &quot;mata 35 na Koriya suka gabatar a shekarar 1991. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2004 Babban Kotun Tokyo ta yi watsi da karar da tsoffin 'yan kasar Sin 4 suka yi, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Washington University |first=Memory and Reconciliation in the Asia-Pacific |title=Comfort Women: Japan |url=http://www.gwu.edu/~memory/data/judicial/comfortwomen_japan/Chinese%20(1st%20group).html |access-date=December 24, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma Kotun Koli ta ki amincewa da karar da 'yan Philippines 46 suka gabatar a shekarar 1993. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Filipino Comfort Women |url=https://www2.gwu.edu/~memory/data/judicial/comfortwomen_japan/filipina.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119230640/https://www2.gwu.edu/~memory/data/judicial/comfortwomen_japan/filipina.html |archive-date=January 19, 2019 |access-date=February 6, 2019 |website=www2.gwu.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Aure da saki ==

=== Kulawa ===
Lokacin da ma'aurata suka rabu, ana nuna kyama sosai a kotunan dangin Japan wanda ke ba da kashi 80% na iyaye mata bisa ga kididdigar 2004 daga Cibiyar Nazarin Yawan Jama'a da Tsaro ta Jama'a. Kula da jiki tare ko kula da iyaye ba sabon abu ba ne.

=== Satar da mutane ===
Akwai manyan zargi game da iyayen Jafananci da suka sake aure da iyayen kasashen waje waɗanda aka hana su samun damar zuwa ga yaransu bayan kisan aure.&lt;ref name=&quot;child-abduction&quot; /&gt; Da yawa daga cikin wadannan mutanen da suka sake aure sun rasa damar yin amfani da yaransu.&lt;ref name=&quot;child-abduction&quot; /&gt; Iyaye na kasashen waje bayan kisan aure na iya shan wahala daga satar yara.&lt;ref name=&quot;child-abduction&quot; /&gt; A cikin 2020, 'yan majalisa na [[Tarayyar Turai]] sun karɓi ƙuduri mara ɗaurewa ga Japan don bin damar iyaye, haƙƙin ziyara da kuma dawo da yaran da aka sace.

=== Hukunce-hukunce na jiki ===
A cikin Fabrairu 2020 duk amfani da hukuncin daurin rai da rai a kan yara a Japan ya ƙare bayan Ma'aikatar Lafiya, Ma'aikata da Jin Dadin Jama'a (MHLW) ta fitar da jagororin aiwatar da gyare-gyare na 2019 da aka yi wa dokoki kan yara.

== 'Yancin yara ==
Samari da 'yan mata suna samun daidaiton damar kula da lafiya da sauran ayyukan jama'a. Ilimi galibi kyauta ne kuma wajibi ne ta matakin ƙananan sakandare (shekaru 14 ko aji tara). Ilimi ya kasance a ko'ina ga ɗaliban da suka cika mafi ƙarancin matsayin ilimi a matakin sakandare har zuwa shekaru 18. Al'umma ta ba da daraja sosai kan ilimi, kuma matakan rajista ga yara maza da mata ta matakin sakandare kyauta ya wuce 96%.

Yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 14 ba za a iya ɗaukar alhakin aikata laifuka ba. A karkashin dokar samari, ana gurfanar da wadanda ake tuhuma a kotun iyali kuma suna da damar daukaka kara zuwa kotun daukaka kara. Shari’ar kotunan iyali ba ta fito fili ga jama’a ba, manufar da ‘yan uwa na kananan yara suka yi suka. A cikin shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, laifuffukan yara sun nuna sauye-sauye zuwa manyan laifuka kamar kisan kai, fashi, kone-kone, da fyade. Gwamnatin lardin Tokyo ta ci gaba da shirye-shiryen kare jin dadin yaran da ba su da jiha, wadanda iyayensu mata masu hijira ba bisa ka'ida ba suka ki yin rajista saboda fargabar mayar da su gida.

=== Cin zarafin yara da sakaci ===
Jama'a sun mai da hankali kan rahotanni na cin zarafin yara akai-akai a gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Milaniak |first=Izabela |date=2014 |title=Does child abuse and neglect increase risk for perpetration of violence inside and outside the home? |journal=Psychology of Violence |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=246–255 |doi=10.1037/a0037956 |pmc=4504697 |pmid=26191459}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dokar ta ba jami'an kula da lafiyar yara ikon hana iyaye masu cin zarafi daga saduwa ko sadarwa tare da yaransu, kodayake saboda ra'ayoyin al'adun Japan game da al'amuran iyali suna &quot;masu zaman kansu&quot;, wannan zaɓi na tilasta aiki ba a yi amfani da shi ba. Dokar ta kuma haramta cin zarafi a karkashin horo kuma ta tilasta malamai, likitoci, da jami'an jin dadin su ba da rahoton duk wani yanayi mai ban tsoro ga 1 daga cikin cibiyoyin ba da shawara na yara 182 na cikin gida ko kuma cibiyar jin dadin birni. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2003, Ma'aikatar Lafiya, Aiki, da Welfare ta ba da rahoton cewa yara 108 sun mutu sakamakon cin zarafin yara tun lokacin da aka kafa Dokar Rigakafin Cin zarafin Yara a shekara ta 2000.

A cikin 2003, an sami rikodin 23,738 na cin zarafin yara, kusan kashi 2% daga 2002, a cewar Ofishin Majalisar. Kusan kashi 50% na lamuran sun shafi tashin hankali, kuma kashi 40% na rashin kulawar iyaye ne. Cibiyoyin jin daɗin yara ma sun ba da rahoton rikodin kira 26,573 a cikin 2003, haɓakar kira 2,800 daga shekarar da ta gabata. Alkalumman da aka yarda da su gabaɗaya sun nuna cewa sama da kashi 70% na laifukan cin zarafin yara sun haɗa da mai laifin mace, yawanci mahaifiyar yaron. Kodayake Gwamnati ta ba da tallafi ga ƙananan hukumomi don magance yawan cin zarafin yara, kashi 13% ne kawai suka karɓi tayin. Yawancin kananan hukumomin da suka yi watsi da tallafin sun bayyana cewa ba za su iya biyan kason su na kudirin ba.

a cikin 2014 'yan sanda sun ba da rahoton shari'o'i 13,037 na cin zarafin yara ciki har da cin zarafin jima'i da mutuwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 10, 2013 |title=Article expired |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/article-expired/ |website=The Japan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 20 ga Yuli, 2020, wani rahoto daga [[Sa-ido akan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|HRW]] ya bayyana cewa 'yan wasa na yara a [[Japan]] sun sha wahala a jiki, jima'i da kuma magana daga masu horar da su, wanda ya sa wasu daga cikinsu su kashe rayukansu. Rahoton &quot;'Na kasance a cikin sau da yawa ba zan iya lissafawa ba&quot;: Cin zarafin 'yan wasa na yara a Japan, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 20, 2020 |title=&quot;I Was Hit So Many Times I Can't Count&quot; : Abuse of Child Athletes in Japan |url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/07/20/i-was-hit-so-many-times-i-cant-count/abuse-child-athletes-japan |access-date=20 July 2020 |website=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya rubuta tarihin kasar na azabtar da jiki a wasanni, wanda aka sani da taibatsu a cikin Jafananci, kuma ya bayyana cin zarafin yara a cikin horar da wasanni a duk makarantun Jafananci. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 20, 2020 |title=Human Rights Watch criticises Japan after report reveals abuse of athletes |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/jul/20/human-rights-watch-criticises-japan-after-report-reveals-abuse-of-athletes |access-date=20 July 2020 |website=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Cinikin mutane ==
Kundin tsarin mulki ya haramta rike mutane a kan bauta ko wane iri. A karkashin dokar aikata laifuka, an haramta bautar da ba da son rai ba sai dai a matsayin hukuncin wani laifi. Dokar aikata laifuka ta haramta saye da sayar da mutane; babu wata doka ga cibiyoyi da ayyuka irin na bauta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Japan |url=https://antislaverylaw.ac.uk/country/japan/ |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=Antislavery in Domestic Legislation |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ko da yake Japan tana da dokokin da suka haramta safarar jima'i da safarar ƙwadago, waɗannan dokokin ba a la'akari da su cikakku da ma'anar da suka yi daidai da dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 May 2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Japan |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/japan/ |access-date=9 March 2023 |website=U.S. Department of State}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Afrilun 2004, gwamnatin Japan ta ƙirƙiri wani runduna don yaƙar fataucin mutane. A watan Disamba na wannan shekarar, Gwamnati ta fitar da shirinta na yaki da safarar mutane. Shirin Aiki ya maida hankali ne kan rigakafi da kawar da fataucin mutane, da kuma kare wadanda abin ya shafa. Shirin Aiki ya yi kira da a sake nazarin biza na &quot;mai nishadantarwa&quot;, da karfafa kula da shige-da-fice, da yin kwaskwarima ga dokokin hukunta laifuka don mai da fataucin mutane laifi, da kuma kara ba da kariya ga wadanda abin ya shafa ta hanyar matsuguni, ba da shawara, da taimakon komawa gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=MOFA: Japan's Action Plan of Measures to Combat Trafficking in Persons |url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/i_crime/people/action.html |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=www.mofa.go.jp}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Japan's Actions to Combat Trafficking in Persons: A Prompt and Appropriate Response from a Humanitarian Perspective |url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/i_crime/people/pamphlet.pdf |access-date=9 March 2023 |website=www.mofa.go.jp.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya zuwa watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, Japan ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar kan Laifukan da aka tsara ta kasa da kasa, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=United Nations Treaty Collection |url=https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=IND&amp;mtdsg_no=XVIII-12&amp;chapter=18&amp;clang=_en |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=treaties.un.org |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yarjejeniyar hanawa, hanawa da azabtar da fataucin mutane, musamman mata da yara, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=United Nations Treaty Collection |url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=ind&amp;mtdsg_no=XVIII-12-a&amp;chapter=18&amp;clang=_en#EndDec |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=treaties.un.org |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Cin Hanci da rashawa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=United Nations Treaty Collection |url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=IND&amp;mtdsg_no=XVIII-14&amp;chapter=18&amp;clang=_en |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=treaties.un.org |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cin zarafin jima'i ===
[[Safarar Mutane|Cinikin mata da 'yan mata]] a cikin kasar ya kasance matsala.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Jones |first=A. |date=2010 |title=Human Trafficking, the Japanese Commercial Sex Industry, and the Yakuza: Recommendations for the Japanese Government |journal=Affairs Review |volume=49}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mata da 'yan mata, da farko daga Thailand, Philippines, da Gabashin Turai, an yi fataucin su cikin ƙasar don [[Bautar Jima'i|cin zarafin jima'i]] da aikin tilas. Mata da 'yan mata daga Colombia, Brazil, Mexico, [[Koriya ta Kudu]], Malaysia, Burma, da Indonesia suma an yi fataucin su cikin ƙasar a cikin ƙananan lambobi. Kasar ta kasance makoma ga baƙi ba bisa ka'ida ba daga China waɗanda ƙungiyoyin masu aikata laifuka suka yi fataucin su kuma suka tsare su cikin bautar bashi don cin zarafin jima'i da bautar da aka yi a cikin shaguna da gidajen cin abinci. Gwamnati ta ba da rahoton cewa wasu masu safarar mutane sun yi amfani da kashe-kashen da sace-sacen don tilasta hadin kai.

Ko da yake ba a samu kididdiga mai inganci kan adadin mata da aka yi safarar su zuwa kasar ba, kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan Adam sun ba da rahoton cewa mutane kusan 200,000 galibi matan kudu maso gabashin Asiya ne ake safarar su a duk shekara zuwa cikin kasar tare da tilasta musu yin sana'ar jima'i. A shekarar 2003, NPA ta kama mutane 41 da laifin safarar mutane, 8 daga cikinsu masu safarar mutane ne. Daga cikin wadannan mutane 36 an yanke musu hukunci, 14 sun samu zaman gidan yari, 17 sun samu tara, 5 kuma sun samu duka biyun tara da kuma zaman gidan yari. A watan Fabrairun 2003, ofisoshin 'yan sanda 17 da 'yan sanda na birnin Tokyo a lokaci guda sun kai farmaki kan kulake 24 tare da ceto 68 da aka yi safarar su.

== Hakkin mutanen da ke da nakasa ==
 
Akwai kimanin mutane miliyan 3.4 da ke da shekaru sama da 18 da nakasar jiki da kuma kusan miliyan 3 masu nakasa tabin hankali. Ko da yake ba gabaɗaya ake fuskantar nuna wariya a aikin yi, ilimi, ko wajen samar da wasu hidimomi na jiha ba, nakasassu sun fuskanci ƙayyadaddun damar safarar jama'a, ilimin jama'a na yau da kullun, da sauran wurare. Kwamitin tattaunawa kan samar da nakasassu aiki, wanda ke aiki a cikin ma'aikatar lafiya, kwadago da walwala, ya ba da umarnin cewa kamfanoni masu zaman kansu masu ma'aikata 300 ko sama da haka su dauki kayyadadden kaso na nakasassu. Hukuncin rashin bin doka tara ne.

Doka ba ta ba da izinin isa ga gine-gine ga masu nakasa ba; duk da haka, dokar kan ka'idojin gine-gine na wuraren jama'a na ba wa masu gudanar da asibitoci, gidajen wasan kwaikwayo, otal-otal, da kamfanoni makamantansu damar samun lamuni mai rahusa da fa'idar haraji idan sun gina manyan hanyoyin shiga da na'urar hawan hawa don daukar nakasassu.

Dokar Haɓaka Ayyukan Nakasassu ta haɗa da masu nakasa. Har ila yau, dokar ta sassauta sharuddan bayar da lasisi ga cibiyoyin tallafawa al’umma da ke inganta ayyukan yi ga nakasassu, sannan ta bullo da tallafin da gwamnati ke ba wa masu nakasa ayyukan yi na wucin gadi. A cikin 2003, ma'aikatan da ke da nakasa da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu ke aiki sun ƙunshi matsakaicin kashi 1.5% na adadin ma'aikata na yau da kullun, ƙasa da adadin da doka ta tanada na 1.8%. Yayin da kusan kashi 70% na manyan kamfanoni (ma'aikata 1,000 ko sama da haka) suka gaza cimma wannan burin, manyan kamfanoni da yawa suna da rarrabuwa na musamman ga ma'aikatan da ke da nakasa, gami da Omron, Sony, da Honda. Misali, kashi 80% na ma'aikatan masana'antar Kyoto na Omron na 82 suna da nakasu, kuma yawancinsu suna da nakasa. Waɗannan ma'aikatan suna samun matsakaicin yen miliyan 3 a kowace shekara, wanda ya haura mafi ƙarancin albashi

A ƙarshen 2002, duk gwamnatocin larduna da kashi 91.5% na ƙananan hukumomi sun haɓaka tsare-tsare na yau da kullun ga ƴan ƙasa masu nakasa. A watan Yuni, an sake bitar mahimman dokar ta naƙasassu, wanda ya wajabta duk gundumomi su tsara tsare-tsare na nakasassu.

Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2015, Japan ta tabbatar da [[Yarjejeniya kan Haƙƙin masu lalura ta musamman|Yarjejeniyar kan 'Yancin Mutanen da ke da nakasa]] amma ba ta sanya hannu ko kuma ta tabbatar da yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ga Yarjejeniyar' yancin Mutanen Da ke da nakasasa ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) {{!}} United Nations Enable |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/convention-on-the-rights-of-persons-with-disabilities.html |access-date=2019-12-03 |website=www.un.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙananan mutane ==
Burakumin, Koreans, Sinawa, da ma'aikatan baki sun fuskanci bambanci daban-daban na wariyar launin fata a cikin al'umma, wasu daga cikinsu suna da tsanani kuma sun dade. Kimanin Burakumin miliyan 3 ('ya'yan ɓangarorin zamanin ɓangarorin &lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;waɗanda ba'a sani ba&lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;), duk da cewa ba a nuna musu wariya na gwamnati ba, galibi sun kasance waɗanda ke fama da wariyar launin fata a cikin al'umma, gami da ƙuntatawa damar samun gidaje da damar yin aiki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What is Buraku Discrimination ? |url=http://blhrri.org/blhrri_e/blhrri/buraku.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920122257/http://blhrri.org/blhrri_e/blhrri/buraku.htm |archive-date=September 20, 2008 |access-date=October 21, 2008 |publisher=Buraku Liberation and Human Rights Research Institute}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar MOJ, akwai kusan mazauna kasashen waje miliyan 1.85 bisa doka a cikin 2002. Mafi yawan rukuni, a kusan 625,400, 'yan kabilar Koriya ne, sai 'yan China, Brazil, da Philippines. Duk da ingantuwar tsare-tsaren doka game da wariya, mazauna Koriya ta dindindin (waɗanda ake kira Zainichi Koreans, waɗanda akasarinsu an haife su, sun girma, kuma sun yi karatu a Japan) sun fuskanci wariyar launin fata iri-iri na al'umma. An bayar da rahoton cewa, cin zarafi da barazana ga kungiyoyi da mutane masu goyon bayan Koriya ta Arewa ya karu tun daga shekarar 2002 da Koriya ta Arewa ta amince da cewa ta yi garkuwa da 'yan kasar Japan fiye da dozin. Sauran baki kuma ana nuna musu wariya. Akwai ra'ayi mai yawa tsakanin 'yan kasar Japan cewa baki sun aikata laifuka da dama. A cewar wani bincike da gwamnati ta gudanar, sama da kashi 70% na ‘yan kasar na fargabar cewa karuwar ma’aikatan kasashen waje da ke aiki ba bisa ka’ida ba ka iya kawo cikas ga tsaron jama’a da kuma haifar da cin zarafin bil’adama kan ma’aikatan da kansu. Duk da haka, fiye da 80% sun ce ya kamata kasar ta karbi ma'aikatan kasashen waje bisa sharadi ko kuma ba tare da wani sharadi ba.

Ya zuwa Mayu 2019, Japan ba ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar da ke adawa da nuna bambanci a Ilimi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-04-19 |title=UNESCO calls Member States to ratify the Convention against Discrimination in Education |url=https://en.unesco.org/news/unesco-calls-member-states-ratify-convention-against-discrimination-education |access-date=2019-12-03 |website=UNESCO |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin ma'aikaci ==

=== Hakkin haɗuwa ===
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ba da damar ma'aikata su haɗu da yardar rai a cikin ƙungiyoyi.

=== Dokar cin zarafin jima'i a wurin aiki ===
Dokar Damar Samun Ma'aikata Daidaita ta Japan da aka ƙirƙira a cikin 1972 kawai tana ba da shawara ko ba da shawarar masu ɗaukar aiki don ɗaukar matakan hana cin zarafi. Cin zarafin jima'i shine mafi yawan rahotannin nau'in nau'in ma'aikata a Ma'aikatar Lafiya, Kwadago, da Jin Dadin Jama'a a Japan.

A cikin 1999 an sake gyara dokar Samar Da Ma'aikata Daidaitacce kuma an ƙara wani tanadi da ke buƙatar masu ɗaukar ma'aikata su ɗauki matakan hana cin zarafi da mata a wuraren aiki. An sake sake fasalinta a cikin 2007 don haɗawa da maza waɗanda aka kashe, kuma an sake yin bita a cikin 2014 don haɗawa da lalata da jima'i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 25, 2015 |title=Japan sees progress on sexual harassment, but some still don't get it |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/community/2015/03/25/issues/japan-sees-progress-sexual-harassment-still-dont-get/ |website=The Japan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Hakkin shirya da ciniki tare ===
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ba da ƙungiyoyi damar tsarawa, ciniki, da aiki tare.

=== Hana aikin tilas ko tilas ===
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya tanadi cewa ba za a riƙe wani mutum a cikin bautar kowane irin ba. Bautar da ba da gangan ba, sai dai a matsayin horo ga laifi, an haramta shi.

=== Hana aikin yara ===
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya haramta aikin yara.

=== Yanayin aiki da aka yarda da shi da mafi ƙarancin albashi ===
Mafi ƙarancin albashi ana saita shi akan tsarin yanki (shugabanci) da masana'antu, tare da shigar da ma'aikatu masu ba da shawara (ma'aikata, ma'aikata, bukatun jama'a). Ma'aikata da ke ƙarƙashin mafi ƙarancin ma'aikata dole ne su sanya mafi ƙarancin albashin da abin ya shafa, kuma ana ɗaukar bin mafi ƙarancin albashi ya zama tartsatsi. Matsakaicin ƙimar albashi ya jeri bisa ga lardi daga 606 zuwa yen 710 a kowace awa. An yi la'akarin mafi ƙarancin albashi ya isa don samar wa ma'aikaci da iyali kyakkyawan yanayin rayuwa.

Dokar Matsayin Ma'aikata ta tanadi satin aiki na sa'o'i 40 don yawancin masana'antu kuma ta ba da izinin biyan kuɗi na sa'o'i sama da 40 a cikin mako ɗaya ko 8 a rana. Koyaya, ƙungiyoyin ƙwadago suna yawan sukar gwamnati saboda gazawar aiwatar da mafi girman ka'idojin lokacin aiki a cikin ƙananan kamfanoni. Ƙungiyoyin masu fafutuka sun yi iƙirarin cewa masu ɗaukan ma'aikata suna cin zarafi ko nuna wariya ga ma'aikatan ƙasashen waje, waɗanda galibi ba su da ɗan sanin yaren Jafananci ko haƙƙinsu na doka.

Gwamnati ta yi kokarin rage kwararowar ma'aikatan kasashen waje ba bisa ka'ida ba ta hanyar gurfanar da masu daukar ma'aikata a gaban kuliya. Bisa kididdigar da NPA ta fitar, an tuhumi mutane 175 da laifin &quot;taimakawa aikin yi ba bisa ka'ida ba&quot; a farkon rabin farkon shekarar 2002. Dokar shige da fice ta tanadi hukunci kan masu daukar ma'aikatan kasashen waje da ba su da takardun aiki. An tada mafi girman tara na taimakon aikin ba bisa ka'ida ba zuwa yen miliyan 3 a watan Disamba. Hakanan ana iya hana ma'aikatan ƙasashen waje da ake zargi shiga don fasfo, biza, da kuma rashin bin ka'ida. Gwamnati ta ci gaba da nazarin batun ma'aikatan kasashen waje, kuma kungiyoyin 'yan kasar da dama suna aiki tare da ma'aikatan kasashen waje ba bisa ka'ida ba don inganta hanyoyin samun bayanai kan hakkokin ma'aikata.

Ma'aikatar Kwadago ta gudanar da aiki yadda ya kamata daban-daban dokoki da ka'idoji da ke kula da lafiyar ma'aikata da aminci, babba daga cikinsu akwai Dokar Tsaron Masana'antu da Lafiya. Ma'aikatar Kwadago ce ta tsara ka'idoji kuma ta fitar da su bayan tuntubar Kwamitin Tsaro da Lafiya na Majalisar Ma'aikata ta Tsakiya. Sufetocin kwadago na da hurumin dakatar da ayyukan da ba su da tsaro nan take, kuma doka ta tanadi cewa ma’aikata na iya bayyana damuwarsu kan lafiyar sana’o’i da kuma kawar da kansu daga yanayin aiki mara kyau ba tare da kawo cikas ga ci gaban aikinsu ba.

A cewar sabbin rahotanni daga Cibiyar Albarkatun Kasuwanci da Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam, kusan zarge-zarge 197 na take hakkin dan adam an bayyana a kan ayyukan makamashi da ake sabunta su. A cikin 2019, wata ƙungiyar da ke London da ke haɓaka haƙƙin ɗan adam, ta tattara bayanan hare-hare 47, kama daga ƙarar ƙararraki zuwa tashin hankali kan mutanen da suka nuna damuwa game da cin zarafin ɗan adam a cikin masana'antar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2020 |title=Green-energy firms have a human rights problem |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2020/07/06/commentary/world-commentary/green-energy-firms-human-rights-problem/ |access-date=6 July 2020 |website=The Japan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Batutuwan ma'aikatan kasashen waje ===

==== Kwace fasfo ====
Al'ada ce ga kamfanonin Japan su ɗauki fasfo na ma'aikatan kasashen waje.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; Ba bisa ka'ida ba ne ga kamfanoni su kwace fasfo na 'yan ƙasar Japan, amma ba na ma'aikatan kasashen waje ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; Akwai jagororin gwamnati kawai game da kwacewa.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; Kamfanoni suna tsoron cewa ma'aikatan kasashen waje na iya guduwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; A cewar lauyoyi masu gwagwarmaya, tilasta mutane su yi aiki yayin da suke ɗaukar fasfo suna kama da aikin tilas.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; Sun roki gwamnatin Japan da ta sanya shi ba bisa ka'ida ba don kare haƙƙin ɗan adam.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; Takamaiman adadin shari'o'in ba a bayyane yake ba, amma shari'oʼi da yawa ba a bayar da rahoton su ba saboda shingen harshe da barazanar korarsu.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sakura Murakami |date=January 23, 2020 |title=Japan should ban confiscation of foreign employees' passports, lawyer says |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-japan-immigration/japan-should-ban-confiscation-of-foreign-employees-passports-lawyer-says-idUSKBN1ZM0T8 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127223633/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-japan-immigration/japan-should-ban-confiscation-of-foreign-employees-passports-lawyer-says-idUSKBN1ZM0T8 |archive-date=January 27, 2021 |website=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Mutanen Ainu
* Yawan jama'a na Japan
* Batutuwan kabilanci a Japan
* Fadar Japan
* 'Yancin Bayanai a Japan
* Rashin gida a Japan
* Jima'i a Japan
* Cinikin mutane a Japan
* Rashin yara na kasa da kasa a Japan
* Hakkin LGBT a Japan
* Koriya ta Arewa ta sace 'yan kasar Japan
* Karuwanci a Japan
* Raelyn Campbell
* Mutanen Ryukyuan
* Yunkurin samun 'yancin kai na Ryukyu
* Mata a Japan
* [[Fataucin mutane don karuwanci a Japan|Cinikin jima'i a Japan]]

'''Kasashen Duniya:'''

* 'Yancin Dan Adam a Asiya
* [[Haƙƙin ɗan adam a Turai|'Yancin Dan Adam a Turai]]
* [['Yancin Dan Adam a Ostiraliya]]
* [['Yancin Dan Adam a Amurka]]
* [['Yancin Dan Adam a Rasha]]
* [['Yancin Dan Adam a kasar Sin]]

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]

== External links ==

 
[[Japan]] mulkin mallaka ne na tsarin mulki. The Human Rights Scores Dataverse ya sanya Japan a wani wuri a tsakiya tsakanin ƙasashen G7 akan aikinta na haƙƙin ɗan adam, a ƙasa da [['Yancin Dan Adam a Jamus|Jamus]] da Kanada da sama da Ingila, [['Yancin Dan Adam a Faransa|Faransa]], Italiya, da [['Yancin Dan Adam a Amurka|Amurka]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Fariss |first=Christopher |date=2019-05-27 |title=Latent Human Rights Protection Scores Version 3 |url=https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/TADPGE |language=en |publisher=Harvard Dataverse |doi=10.7910/DVN/TADPGE}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙididdigar Ƙasashe masu rauni ta sanya Japan ta biyu a ƙarshe a cikin G7 bayan Amurka a kan &quot;Human Rights and Rule of Law&quot; sub-indicator.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Global Data {{!}} Fragile States Index |url=https://fragilestatesindex.org/data/ |access-date=2020-03-18 |website=fragilestatesindex.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dangane da kididdigar Ma'aikatar Shari'a (MOJ) don 2022, hukumomin kare hakkin dan adam na MOJ sun sami shawarwari 159,864 kan take hakkin dan adam, sun kammala shari'o'i 7,627 na matakan gyara ga wadanda abin ya shafa, kuma sun fara shari'o-tafiye 7,859 na matakan gyarawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;moj2022&quot;/&gt; Daga cikin shari’o’in da MOJ ta kammala gyara ga wadanda abin ya shafa, mafi yawan shari’o’in da suka shafi nuna wariya sun hada da burakumin wariya (406), sai nakasassu, marasa lafiya, mazauna kasashen waje, mata, tsofaffi, da asalin jinsi.&lt;ref name=&quot;moj2022&quot; /&gt; Daga cikin shari'o'in da MOJ ta fara aiwatarwa ga wadanda abin ya shafa, 18.6% sun hada da keta sirri, 14.5% sun shafi haƙƙin ma'aikata, 13.3% sun haɗa da cin zarafi a makaranta, 12.8% sun haɗa da cin zarafi da cin zarafi, 10.2% sun haɗa da karba da tilastawa. A cewar MOJ, yawan take hakkin dan Adam ya ragu daga shekara zuwa shekara, amma yawan laifukan cin zarafi da keta hakkin bil'adama a Intanet ya kasance da yawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;moj2022&quot; /&gt;

Baƙi a Japan na iya fuskantar take haƙƙin ɗan adam wanda ƴan ƙasar Japan ba sa yi. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kafofin watsa labaru na yammacin Turai sun ba da rahoton cewa kamfanoni na Japan suna yawan kwace fasfo na ma'aikatan baƙo a Japan, musamman ma'aikatan da ba su da kwarewa daga Philippines da sauran ƙasashe masu talauci na Asiya.

== Manyan batutuwa ==
Japan tana da hukuncin aikata laifuka sama da kashi 99%. A lokuta da yawa, kotuna sun yarda da ikirarin da aka tilasta musu kuma sun saki wadanda ke kurkuku. Don magance wannan, an zartar da doka a cikin 2016 wanda ke buƙatar yin wasu tambayoyi a bidiyo. Koyaya, wannan ya shafi kawai mutanen da ake zargi da manyan laifuka, kamar kisan kai, ƙonewa da satar mutane, waɗanda suka kai kashi 3% kawai na shari'o'in. A cikin ƙasashen shari'a na yau da kullun waɗanda ke yin shari'a ta hanyar juriya, babban ƙimar yanke hukunci na iya nuna cewa waɗanda ake tuhuma ba sa karɓar [[Ƴancin gwaji|Shari'a mai kyau]]. Wani lokaci masu gabatar da kara na Japan sun yanke shawarar kada su gurfanar da su a cikin ƙananan laifuka ko kuma lokacin da akwai babban yiwuwar rashin laifi. Wasu masu bincike na Japan sun yi imanin cewa wannan yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da yawan yanke hukunci a Japan. Adadin masu gabatar da kara a Japan ya kai 33.4%. Ba a bi kashi 64.3 cikin dari ba. Japan kuma tana aiwatar da hukuncin kisa, wanda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ke da niyya, kamar yadda wasu manyan kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da [[Tarayyar Turai]] ke yi (duba Hukuncin kisa a Japan).

Akwai cece-kuce da yawa da suka shafi zamantakewa da shari'a na tsiraru. Ko da yake Jafanawa suna ɗaukar kansu a matsayin mutane iri ɗaya, ƴan tsiraru sun wanzu, kuma galibi suna fuskantar wariya. Mafi yawan ƴan tsiraru su ne hisabetsu buraku miliyan biyu zuwa huɗu (&quot;al'ummomin da ake nuna wariya&quot;), zuriyar ƙazamar ƙauyen Japan na feudal. Sauran irin wadannan tsiraru sun hada da Ainu, ’yan asalin arewacin Japan, da kuma mutanen Okinawa. Har ila yau, kasar Japan tana da mazauna 'yan asalin Koriya da Sinawa dubu dari da dama wadanda tare da sauran mazauna kasashen waje suka fuskanci bambancin salo da wariya.

== Tsarin shari'a ==

=== Furci ===
'''Kasashen Duniya:'''

=== Mutuwar fursunoni ===
Akwai bayanan fursunoni a Japan da suka mutu a cikin wani yanayi na zato yayin da suke tsare.

* A ranar 20 ga Yuni, 1994, Arjang Mehrpooran na ƙasar Iran ya mutu daga abubuwan da ba a sani ba yayin da yake tsare don keta visa a ofishin 'yan sanda na Minami Senju. An yi zargin cewa an kai masa hari ne ya haifar da mutuwarsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Imtiaz A. Chaudhry |title=Japanese Government's Mysterious Policies |url=http://www.tabunka.org/newsletter/immigration_p1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425151055/http://www.tabunka.org/newsletter/immigration_p1.html |archive-date=April 25, 2009 |access-date=May 19, 2010 |publisher=United for a Multicultural Japan}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* A ranar 9 ga watan Agusta, 1997, Mousavi Abarbe Kouh Mir Hossein, ɗan ƙasar Iran, ya karye wuyansa kuma ya mutu yayin da yake cikin kulawar Cibiyar Kula da Shige da Fice ta Kita Ward.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=1998 |title=1998 Annual Report for Japan |url=http://www.amnestyusa.org/annualreport.php?id=ar&amp;yr=1998&amp;c=JPN |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110218150859/http://www.amnestyusa.org/annualreport.php?id=ar&amp;yr=1998&amp;c=JPN |archive-date=February 18, 2011 |access-date=May 19, 2010 |publisher=Amnesty International}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* A shekara ta 2001, an ruwaito cewa masu tsaron gidan yarin [[Nagoya]] guda biyu sun yayyafa bututun ruwa mai karfi a jikin wani fursuna &quot;marasa iko&quot;, wanda ya haifar da mutuwarsa washegari. A sakamakon shari'arsa ta Maris 2003, an gargadi mai kula da gidan don hana ci gaba da cin zarafin da ma'aikatansa suka yi.
* A shekara ta 2002, wani fursuna a gidan yarin [[Nagoya]] ya mutu bayan masu gadi, a matsayin matakin horo, sun yi amfani da maɓallin fata da belin jiki da aka yi amfani da shi sosai.
* A ranar 22 ga Maris, 2010, Abubaka Awudu Suraj, ɗan ƙasar [[Ghana]], ya mutu yayin da yake hannun Ofishin Shige da Fice na Japan yayin da aka kore shi daga Japan.
* A ranar 6 ga Maris, 2021, Wishma Sandamali, wata mace ta Sri Lanka, ta mutu a tsare a wani wurin tsare shige da fice a Nagoya bayan an hana roƙonta na sakin wucin gadi da isasshen kulawa.

A shekara ta 2003, Ma’aikatar Shari’a ta kafa wata tawaga ta musamman da za ta binciki mutuwar fursunoni 1,566 daga 1993 zuwa 2002. Wani rahoto na farko ya nuna cewa kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na shari’o’in sun ƙunshi abubuwa da ake tuhuma. Koyaya, a cikin watan Yuni, Ma'aikatar ta sanar da cewa akwai alamun cin zarafi kawai a cikin asarar rayuka biyu na Nagoya. Dangane da sauran mutuwar da ake zargin, Ma'aikatar ta ce ana iya danganta mutuwar kusan 10 da rashin kulawar lafiya. Hukumomi sun ba da rahoton cewa sun yi asarar takardun mutuwar mutane tara a gidan yarin Fuchū na Tokyo. Ragowar mutuwar an ƙaddara cewa &quot;ba za a yi shakka ba&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Japan |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/27772.htm |website=U.S. Department of State}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tun daga watan Mayun 2019, Japan ba ta rattaba hannu ko amincewa da Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ga Yarjejeniyar Yaƙi da azabtarwa da sauran Mummunan Jiyya ko Hukunci.

=== Tsarin kurkuku ===
 
Yanayin kurkuku ya cika ka'idojin kasa da kasa; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=JAPAN 2017 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT |url=https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/277329.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420183856/https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/277329.pdf |archive-date=2018-04-20 |website=state.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; duk da cewa wasu ba su da isasshen kulawar lafiya da isassun dumama a lokacin sanyi ko sanyaya a lokacin rani kuma wasu wuraren sun cika makil. An hana fursunoni su saya ko karɓar ƙarin abinci. Yayin da ake ajiye bayanan kisa na tsawon shekaru 10, yawancinsu sun bace, wanda ya haifar da ci gaba da bitar tsarin gidan yari. Fursunoni suna aiki a matsakaicin iya aiki 117%.  A wasu cibiyoyin, an sanya fursunoni biyu a cikin ɗakunan da aka tsara don fursunoni ɗaya, kuma talatin ko sittin a cikin ɗakuna da aka tsara na 15.

A cewar jami'an gidan yarin na Fuchū da Yokohama, kulawar likitoci ba ta cika ba. Ofishin gyaran fuska na MOJ ma ya yarda cewa wuraren gyara ba su da shiri na likita. Tawagar Gwamnati kan lamurran Likitoci na Cibiyoyin Kula da Lafiya sun ci gaba da tuntubar ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa a kan batutuwan da suka shafi ƙara yawan ma'aikatan lafiya, haɓaka yanayin kiwon lafiya a cikin dare da ƙarshen mako, da ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa tare da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya a cikin al'umma. A watan Mayu, Ministan ya kafa wani karamin kwamiti don inganta cibiyoyin kula da lafiyar gidan yari.

A wasu cibiyoyin tufafi da barguna ba su isa su kare fursunoni daga yanayin sanyi ba. Galibin gidajen yari ba sa samar da dumama a lokutan sanyi a lokacin sanyi duk da sanyin sanyi, lamarin da ya sa fursunonin gamuwa da raunukan sanyi da za a iya hana su. Fursunonin kasashen waje a yankin Tokyo sun ci gaba da gabatar wa jami'an diflomasiyya masu ziyara a cikin wannan shekarar yatsu da yatsu da sanyin sanyi ya shafa, sakamakon kamuwa da sanyi na dogon lokaci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Japan |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2012/eap/204206.htm |website=U.S. Department of State}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Lauyoyin Japan, hukumomi suna ba da izini su karanta wasiƙun da fursunoni suka aika ko aka karɓa kuma ba a buƙatar su bayyana wannan aikin ga fursunoni. Idan abun cikin ana ganin &quot;bai dace ba&quot;, ana iya tantance wasiƙar ko kwace. An kula da duk ziyarar da fursunoni da aka yanke wa hukunci; duk da haka, fursunonin da shari'o'insu ke kan shari'a an ba su damar shiga cikin sirri ga wakilansu na doka.

Ba a buƙatar MOJ ta sanar da dangin wanda aka yanke wa hukuncin kisa kafin a kashe shi. Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam sun bayyana cewa, suma lauyoyin ba a sanar da hukuncin kisa ba sai bayan da aka yanke hukuncin kisa kuma an tsare fursunonin da aka yanke wa hukuncin kisa na tsawon shekaru a gidan yari ba tare da wata alaka da kowa ba sai masu gadin gidan yari. Ba za a iya ba da izini ga kowane dalili ba, gami da dalilai na likita da na jin kai, har sai wani fursuna ya cika kashi biyu bisa uku na hukuncin daurinsa.

JFBA da kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil adama sun soki tsarin gidan yari, tare da mai da hankali kan tsauraran ladabtarwa da kuma biyayya ga dokoki da dama. Dokokin gidan yari sun kasance sirri. Yayin da dokar tilasta bin doka ta gidan yari ta bayyana cewa iyakar lokacin da za a iya tsare fursunoni a cikin ɗaki ɗaya shine watanni 6, masu fafutuka sun yi iƙirarin cewa masu gadin sun ci gaba da samun fa'ida sosai wajen aiwatar da hukunce-hukuncen zaɓe, gami da &quot;ƙananan ɗaurin kurkuku&quot;, wanda za'a iya sanya shi aƙalla 1 kuma bai wuce kwanaki 60 ba. An kuma yi iƙirarin cewa a wasu lokuta ana tilasta wa fursunoni durƙusa ba motsi a cikin ɗakin da babu kowa na sa'o'i da yawa a lokaci guda; duk da haka, an bar baki da nakasassu su zauna a kan wani katafaren kujera, bisa ga shawarar mai kula da gidan yarin.

A cikin Disamba, [yaushe?] Majalisar Dattawa ta zartar da dokar da aka yiwa Laifuka da kuma sake duba dokar gidan yari ta 1908. Dokar Laifukan-Laifi ta yi kira da a biya diyya da shawarwari ga waɗanda aka yi wa laifi, kiyaye haƙƙin waɗanda abin ya shafa, da ba da bayanan binciken laifuka. Da nufin ƙarfafa hukunce-hukunce a kan masu aikata laifuka, bita na dokar Penal Code ta kafa sabbin tuhume-tuhume kan aikata laifin fyade ga ƙungiyoyi, ƙara mafi girman zaman gidan yari da hukunce-hukuncen laifuffukan da ke barazana ga rayuwa, da kuma tsawaita ka'idojin zartar da manyan laifuka daga shekaru 15 zuwa 29.

A cikin Fabrairun 2003, gwamnati ta amince da Yarjejeniyar Canja Hukunce-hukunce, ta ba da damar fursunonin kasashen waje su gabatar da kara don cika hukuncin daurinsu a kasarsu. Gwamnati ta kara da cewa dole ne fursunoni su yi akalla kashi daya bisa uku na hukuncin da aka yanke musu a Japan kafin a yi la'akari da koke. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2007, an mayar da fursunoni 10 na Amurka zuwa Amurka don kammala hukuncin daurinsu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Prisoner Transfer |url=http://tokyo.usembassy.gov/e/acs/tacs-transfer.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081225134138/http://tokyo.usembassy.gov/e/acs/tacs-transfer.html |archive-date=December 25, 2008 |access-date=October 21, 2008 |publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mata da matasa an zaunar da su daban da maza; duk da haka, maza masu gadin gidan yari a wasu lokuta suna gadin fursunonin mata. A cikin wannan shekarar, an tuhumi wani ma’aikacin gidan yari da laifin “tashin hankali da rashin tausayi daga wani jami’in gwamnati na musamman” saboda yin lalata da wata fursuna da ke jiran shari’a. A cikin wannan shekarar, wasu wuraren tsare mata suna aiki bisa ga iya aiki. An tsare fursunonin da ake tsare da su daban da fursunonin da aka yanke musu hukunci.

Yayin da gwamnati ta iyakance damar kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam zuwa wuraren tsare mutane, an ba da izinin ziyartar gidajen yari. Sai dai Amnesty International ta yi ikirarin cewa ba a ba wa kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil adama damar shiga gidan yarin Nagoya ba saboda yadda ake ci gaba da shari'ar kotuna da ke da alaka da cin zarafi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Refugees |first=United Nations High Commissioner for |title=Refworld {{!}} U.S. Department of State Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2003 – Japan |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/403f57b98.html |access-date=2019-12-03 |website=Refworld |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Hana kamawa ko tsare-tsare ===
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya haramta kamawa da tsarewa ba bisa ka'ida ba, kuma gabaɗaya Gwamnati tana kiyaye waɗannan hane-hane. Dokar ta tanadi hukuncin shari'a game da halaccin tsarewa. Ba za a iya tsare mutane ba tare da tuhuma ba, kuma dole ne hukumomi masu gabatar da kara su shirya don nuna cewa akwai yuwuwar dalilin tsare wanda ake tuhuma. A karkashin doka, ana iya tsare wanda ake tuhuma a gidan yari na yau da kullun ko wurin “madogayya” (’yan sanda) na tsare har na tsawon awanni 72. Dole ne alkali ya yi hira da wadanda ake tuhuma kafin a tsare su. Alkalin zai iya tsawaita tsarewar tuhumar har zuwa kwanaki 10 a jere bisa la'akari da bukatar mai gabatar da kara. An nemi waɗannan kari kuma an ba su akai-akai. A karkashin yanayi na ban mamaki, masu gabatar da kara na iya neman karin kwanaki 5, wanda zai kawo iyakar lokacin tsarewar zuwa kwanaki 28.

Hukumar tsaron ‘yan sanda ta kasa ce ke kula da hukumar ‘yan sanda ta kasa (NPA). Bugu da kari, kowace karamar hukuma tana da hukumar kula da lafiyar ‘yan sanda da kuma hukumar ‘yan sanda, wanda kasafin kudin karamar hukumar ya samu. Cin hanci da rashawa da rashin hukunta su ba matsala ba ne a cikin rundunar 'yan sanda na kasa ko na lardin

A karkashin kundin tsarin laifuka, 'yan sanda da masu gabatar da kara suna da ikon sarrafawa ko iyakance damar lauya idan sun ga ya cancanta saboda bincike. Ba za a iya ba da shawara ba yayin tambayoyi a kowane lokaci kafin ko bayan tuhuma. Da yake ba a amince da lauyan da kotu ta nada ba sai bayan an tuhume shi, dole ne wadanda ake tuhuma su dogara da dukiyarsu wajen daukar lauya kafin a gurfanar da su gaban kuliya, ko da yake kungiyoyin lauyoyi na cikin gida sun baiwa wadanda ake tsare da shawarwarin kyauta. Masu sukar sun yi zargin cewa samun damar samun shawara ya iyakance duka a tsawon lokaci da mita; sai dai gwamnatin ta musanta cewa haka lamarin yake. Za a iya amfani da tsarewar da ba a san kowa ba har tsawon kwanaki 23.

Masu sukar sun yi zargin cewa barin tsare wadanda ake tuhuma a hannun hukumomin da suka yi musu tambayoyi yana kara yiwuwar cin zarafi da tilastawa. Gwamnati ta ce shari'o'in mutanen da aka aika zuwa wuraren da ake tsare da 'yan sanda sun kasance wadanda ba a cece-kuce a kai ba. Dokar MOJ ta ba wa jami'ai damar iyakance adadin takardun da suka shafi shari'ar kotuna da fursunoni ke riƙe.

[[Law for Expediting Court Procedure|Dokar Gudanar da Hanyar Kotun]] ta fara aiki a shekara ta 2003. Matsakaicin lokacin shari'a a shekara ta 2005 ya kasance watanni 3.2 don shari'o'in aikata laifuka &lt;ref name=&quot;HR2006&quot;/&gt; da watanni 8.2 don shari'ar farar hula. Tsawon lokacin da aka kawo wanda ake zargi a gaban shari'a ya dogara da yanayin laifin, amma da wuya ya wuce watanni 3 daga ranar kamawa; matsakaicin ya kasance 1 zuwa 2 watanni.

=== Jarabawar ===
Kundin tsarin mulki ya tanadi tsarin shari'a mai zaman kansa, kuma gwamnati gaba daya ta mutunta wannan tanadi a aikace. Majalisar zartaswa ta nada alkalai na wa'adi na shekaru 10, wanda za a iya sabunta shi har sai alkalan sun kai shekaru 65. Alkalan kotun koli na iya yin aiki har zuwa shekaru 70, amma suna fuskantar bitar lokaci-lokaci ta hanyar kuri'ar jin ra'ayin jama'a.

Akwai matakan kotuna da dama, da suka hada da manyan kotuna, kotunan gunduma, kotunan iyali, da kotunan takaitawa, inda kotun koli ke zama kotun daukaka kara ta karshe. Yawancin lokaci ana fara shari'a a matakin kotun gunduma, kuma ana iya ɗaukaka hukunci zuwa babbar kotun, kuma a ƙarshe, zuwa Kotun Koli. Gabaɗaya gwamnati na mutunta tanadin tsarin mulki na yancin yin gaggawar shari'a a gaban jama'a ta wata kotun da ba ta son kai a duk wani shari'a. Ko da yake an kammala yawancin shari'o'in masu aikata laifuka a cikin lokaci mai ma'ana, wasu lokuta lokuta suna ɗaukar shekaru da yawa don yin aiki ta hanyar shari'a da tsarin ɗaukaka.

A cikin Yuli 2003, Diet ya zartar da doka da nufin rage matsakaicin lokacin da ake buƙata don kammala shari'ar laifuka da shari'ar farar hula da suka haɗa da gwajin shaida. Tanadin ta sun haɗa da ɗaukar lambobi masu yawa na ƙarin kotuna da ma'aikatan MOJ, sake duba jarrabawar mashahuran, kafa sabbin makarantun shari'a da za su ƙara yawan ƙwararrun shari'a har sau uku nan da 2010, da buƙatar kotuna da masu adawa da ƙararraki su yi aiki tare don inganta tsarin shari'a ta hanyar ba da izinin tattarawa da bayyanawa a baya. Kwamitin ba da shawara kan sake fasalin shari'a ya fitar da ka'idojin kafa makarantun shari'a na digiri, kuma a cikin Maris 2004, jami'o'i 68 (22 na jama'a da masu zaman kansu 46) sun buɗe sabbin makarantun shari'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt;

Dokar Yuli 2003, doka ta kuma sa Kotun Koli ta dauki alhakin hanzarta shari'a a ƙananan kotuna, ta sanya wa'adin shekaru 2 ga kotuna don kawo ƙarshen shari'ar masu laifi da na farar hula, kuma tana buƙatar gwamnati ta ɗauki matakan shari'a da na kuɗi don cimma waɗannan manufofin. Ana sanar da wanda ake tuhuma game da tuhume-tuhumen da aka kama kuma wata kotun farar hula mai zaman kanta tare da lauya mai kare kariya da hakkin yi mata tambayoyi ta tabbatar da shari'ar jama'a. Babu wata shari'a ta juri; duk da haka, wani kudurin doka na sake fasalin shari'a da aka zartar a watan Mayu zai ba da damar yin shari'ar manyan laifuka ta mutum shida, alkalai da aka zaba ba bisa ka'ida ba. A shekarar 2009 ne aka shirya fara aiki da dokar.

Ana kyautata zaton wanda ake tuhuma bashi da laifi. Kundin tsarin mulkin kasar ya ba wa wadanda ake tuhuma ‘yancin kada a tilasta musu su yi shaida a kansu da kuma samun damar samun lauyoyi kyauta da sirri; duk da haka, Gwamnati ta ce 'yancin tuntuɓar lauyoyi ba cikakke ba ne kuma ana iya ƙuntatawa idan irin wannan ƙuntatawa ta dace da ruhin Kundin Tsarin Mulki. Samun shiga wani lokaci an rage shi a aikace; alal misali, dokar ta baiwa masu gabatar da kara damar sarrafa damar da za su iya tuntubar lauyoyi kafin a gurfanar da su a gaban kuliya, sannan akwai zargin cewa an tilasta musu yin ikirari. Wadanda ake tuhuma suna da kariya daga sake aiwatar da dokoki kuma suna da hakkin samun damar samun shaida mai laifi bayan an gurfanar da su a hukumance. Koyaya, doka ba ta buƙatar cikakken bayyanawa daga masu gabatar da kara, kuma ana iya danne kayan da masu gabatar da kara ba su yi amfani da su a kotu ba. Masu sukar sun yi iƙirarin cewa wakilan shari'a na waɗanda ake tuhuma ba sa samun damar yin amfani da duk abubuwan da suka dace a cikin rikodin 'yan sanda. Wanda ake tuhuma wanda bai gamsu da hukuncin da kotun shari'a ta yanke ba na iya daukaka kara zuwa babbar kotu.

Babu ƙa'idodin da ke ba da izinin ingantaccen ingancin sadarwa tsakanin alkalai, lauyoyi, da waɗanda ba Jafananci waɗanda ake tuhuma ba, kuma babu daidaitaccen tsarin lasisi ko cancantar tabbatar da masu fassara na kotu. Ana iya ci gaba da shari'a ko da wanda ake tuhuma bai fahimci abin da ke faruwa ba ko abin da ake faɗa ba. Fursunonin kasashen waje akai-akai sun yi iƙirarin cewa 'yan sanda sun bukace su da su sanya hannu a cikin maganganun Jafananci cewa ba za su iya karantawa ba kuma ba a fassara su da kyau.

Ya zuwa watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, Japan ba ta sanya hannu ko tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ta Farko ga Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa da Yarjejeniya ta Biyu ga Yarjejeniya Ta Duniya kan 'Yanfin Bil'adami da Siyasa ba.

Babu rahotanni game da fursunonin siyasa.

=== Sauran batutuwa ===

== 'Yancin Jama'a ==

=== 'Yanci na magana da na' yan jarida ===
Kundin tsarin mulkin kasar Japan ya tanadi ‘yancin fadin albarkacin baki da kuma ‘yan jarida. A ra'ayi, 'yan jarida masu zaman kansu, ingantaccen shari'a, da tsarin siyasar dimokuradiyya mai aiki sun haɗu don tabbatar da 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki da 'yan jarida. Sai dai, tsarin kulab din 'yan jarida na musamman na kasar Japan ya sha suka daga kungiyoyin 'yancin 'yan jarida. Kulab ɗin galibi suna ba da manyan kafofin watsa labarai damar keɓance hanyoyin samun labarai, tare da hana masu ba da rahoto na waje da masu zaman kansu. Ƙungiyoyin suna ba wa manema labarai damar samun damar yin taron manema labarai na hukuma da kuma bayanan baya tare da 'yan siyasa, lauyoyi da shugabannin 'yan kasuwa. Masu suka dai sun ce tsarin kulab din ya baiwa hukumomi damar dakile labaran da suke ganin ba shi da dadi a gare su kuma yana rage ingancin labaran.

Batutuwan 'yancin magana da' yan jarida sun hada da:

* A watan Yulin shekara ta 2003, Majalisar Dattijai ta zartar da dokar da ta hana neman jima'i daga kananan yara ta hanyar Intanet. Kungiyar Masu ba da Intanet ta Japan da Kungiyar Kula da Sadarwa ta nuna damuwa game da ma'anar shafukan da aka haramta wa yara kuma game da ayyukan da ake buƙatar masu ba da su ɗauka don hana amfani da shafukan Intanet ba bisa ka'ida ba.
* A cikin 2015 'yan jarida da masana siyasa sun ba da rahoton cewa gwamnatin Firayim Minista [[Shinzo Abe|Shinzō Abe]] tana yin canji mai mahimmanci a cikin ma'auni na iko tsakanin gwamnatinsa da kafofin watsa labarai, ta amfani da dabaru don yin shiru da sukar da ta wuce duk abin da magabata ya gwada. Wadannan sun hada da: karin korafe-korafe masu tsattsauran ra'ayi ga shugabannin 'yan jarida da masu sharhi, wanda ya sa wasu' yan jarida da mai sharhi su rasa ayyukansu; karin ramuwar gayya ga tashoshin da ke ci gaba da kuskuren gwamnati; nada sabon shugaban ga mai watsa shirye-shiryen jama'a na kasa, NHK, wanda ya bayyana cewa cibiyar sadarwa ba za ta kauce wa ra'ayoyin gwamnati ba; kuma a bayyane tana nuna cewa lasisin watsa shirye-aikacen watsa shirye-gyare na cibiyoyin sadarwa masu tsattsthi na cibiyoyi masu tsattsi da yawa a karkashin dokar da gangan ba.
** karin korafe-korafe ga shugabannin 'yan jarida da masu sharhi, wanda ya sa wasu' yan jarida da mai sharhi su rasa ayyukansu;
** karin ramuwar gayya ga hanyoyin da ke ci gaba da yin kuskure ga gwamnati;
** nada sabon shugaban ga mai watsa shirye-shiryen jama'a na kasa, NHK, wanda ya bayyana cewa cibiyar sadarwa ba za ta kauce wa ra'ayoyin gwamnati ba; da
** a bayyane yana nuna cewa za a soke lasisin watsa shirye-shirye na cibiyoyin sadarwa masu mahimmanci a karkashin dokar da ke buƙatar rahotanni na talabijin ba da gangan ba su karkatar da gaskiyar.

'Yan jarida, masu sharhi da ƙwararrun kafofin watsa labaru sun ce a yanzu gidajen jaridu suna yin la'akari da abubuwan da suka faru ko kuma cire muryoyin da suka dace don guje wa jawo fushin hukuma.

A karkashin Mataki na 4 na Dokar watsa shirye-shirye, watsa shirye-aikacen talabijin na Japan yana buƙatar adalci na siyasa, kuma akwai azabtarwa kamar soke lasisi. Wannan dokar ta wanzu tun kafin gwamnatin Abe. Batun soke lasisi shine amsar tambayar jam'iyyar adawa game da dokar watsa shirye-shirye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=特集ワイド：高市氏の「停波」発言 ホントの怖さ – 毎日新聞 |url=https://mainichi.jp/articles/20160218/dde/012/010/060000c |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108135936/https://mainichi.jp/articles/20160218/dde/012/010/060000c |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=November 7, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, kafofin watsa labarai na Japan sun yi tsayayya da wannan sosai. [[Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Dan Adam|UNCHR]] ta yi kira ga cire Mataki na 4,  amma yawancin kafofin watsa labarai na Japan suna adawa da cire Mataki ya 4.

Ichiro Furutachi dan jarida ne da ya rasa aikinsa. Ya gaya wa Sankei Shimbun, &quot;Gwamnatin ba ta matsa lamba,&quot; &quot;Idan rahotonmu karya ne, za a murkushe shirinmu, don haka akwai tsarin kai don samar da rahoto mai inganci don jin tsoro&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=【古舘伊知郎インタビュー特別版】「政権は何も圧力をかけてないが、自主規制の悪魔と闘わねばならない」「産経に悪く書かれるとおいしい」　（2/2ページ） – 産経ニュース |url=https://www.sankei.com/premium/news/160606/prm1606060006-n2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031191440/https://www.sankei.com/premium/news/160606/prm1606060006-n2.html |archive-date=October 31, 2019 |access-date=October 31, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 'Yanci na Intanet ====
 
Freedom House ta kimanta damar Intanet ta Japan a matsayin &quot;kyauta&quot; tare da ƙididdigar da ta kai 22.

Samun damar Intanet a Japan ba shi da iyaka. Babu wata dokar gwamnati da ta hana shiga Intanet ko rahotannin da ke nuna cewa gwamnati na bincikar saƙon imel ko taɗi ta Intanet ba tare da izini na doka da ya dace a ƙasar ba. Kundin tsarin mulki da doka sun kare 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki, kuma gwamnati na mutunta wannan hakkin a aikace. Gwamnati ba ta tsoma baki wajen samun damar buga littattafan Intanet. Mutane da ƙungiyoyi suna shiga cikin yanayin bayyana ra'ayi mai daɗi ta Intanet, gami da imel. Doka da tsarin mulki sun haramta kutse ba tare da izini ba ga sirri, iyali, gida, ko wasiku, kuma gabaɗaya gwamnati na mutunta waɗannan haramcin a aikace.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2020}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== 'Yanci na zaman lafiya da haɗin kai ===
The Constitution provides for the [[Yancin taro|freedom of assembly]] and association, and the Government generally respects these rights in practice.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2010}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2010)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== 'Yanci na addini ===
{{Blockquote|’Yancin addini ya tabbata ga kowa. Babu wata kungiyar addini da za ta sami wata gata daga Jiha, ko kuma ta yi amfani da wata hukuma ta siyasa.

(2) Ba za a tilasta wa wani mutum shiga cikin wani aiki na addini, biki, ibada ko aiki ba.

(3) Gwamnati da sassanta su nisanci ilimin addini ko wani aiki na addini.&lt;ref&gt;National Diet Library[http://www.ndl.go.jp/constitution/e/etc/c01.html#s3 The Constitution of Japan]&lt;/ref&gt;}}
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ba da [['Yancin addini|'yancin addini]].

Mataki na 20 ya ce:

&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template &quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Mambobin Cocin Unification sun yi zargin cewa ‘yan sanda ba su amsa zargin da ake yi wa ’yan cocin ba na tilas. Yayin da kararraki ke raguwa a cikin shekarar, mai magana da yawun Cocin Unification ya ba da rahoton cewa masu gabatar da kara sun yi watsi da kararraki biyu saboda karancin shaida. Ko da yake an ba da rahoton cewa an yi garkuwa da wata mamba daya daga danginta a cikin shekarar, Cocin Unification ba ta kai rahoton lamarin ga ‘yan sanda ba. An ci gaba da nuna damuwa game da halin da jami'ai ke yi na yanke hukunci kan lalata shirye-shirye a matsayin al'amarin iyali. Ba kamar na shekarun baya ba, Shaidun Jehobah sun ba da rahoton cewa Gwamnati tana daraja ’yancinsu na addini a wannan shekarar&lt;/sup&gt;

=== 'Yanci na motsi ===
Kundin tsarin mulki ya tanadi ‘yancin yin tafiya a cikin kasa, tafiye-tafiye zuwa kasashen waje, shige da fice, da kuma komawa gida, kuma gwamnati gaba daya tana mutunta su a aikace. Jama'a na da 'yancin yin tafiye-tafiye cikin 'yanci a cikin kasa da waje, canza wurin zama, yin hijira, da komawa gida bisa radin kansu. Za a iya rasa zama ɗan ƙasa ta hanyar zama ɗan ƙasa a wata ƙasa ko kuma ta hanyar gazawar mutanen da aka haifa tare da 'yan ƙasa biyu don zaɓar ɗan ƙasa a lokacin da ake buƙata. Doka ba ta ba da izinin yin hijira tilas ba, kuma ba a amfani da ita.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2006&quot;/&gt;

Doka ta tanadi ba da matsayin ɗan gudun hijira ko mafaka ga mutane daidai da yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 1951 dangane da matsayin 'yan gudun hijira ko yarjejeniya ta 1967. A aikace, gwamnati ta ba da kariya daga sakewa, komowar mutane zuwa ƙasar da suke fargabar tsanantawa, amma ba ta ba da izinin zama ɗan gudun hijira ko mafaka ba. Gwamnati ta hada kai da ofishin hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da sauran kungiyoyin jin kai wajen taimaka wa 'yan gudun hijira.

A cikin Mayu 2003, Abincin Abinci ya zartar da lissafin soke wa'adin kwanaki 60 na aikace-aikacen da ake buƙata a baya don baƙi masu neman matsayin 'yan gudun hijira. Dokar amincewa da ‘yan gudun hijira da ta gabata ta tanadi cewa dole ne masu neman izinin zama ‘yan gudun hijira su nemi izinin shiga cikin kwanaki 60 bayan isarsu Japan ko kuma cikin kwanaki 60 da suka fahimci cewa za a iya tsananta musu a kasarsu ta haihuwa. Baƙon da aka gane a matsayin ɗan gudun hijira yana da damar samun wuraren ilimi, taimakon jama'a da taimako, da fa'idodin jin daɗin jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2003&quot;/&gt;

Bayanan gwamnati sun nuna cewa an tsare mutane 523,617 a shekarar 2003 a cibiyoyin tsare bakin haure. Rahotanni daga kafafen yada labarai sun ce an yi ta korar mutane da dama a asirce. A watan Yuli, wasu iyalai biyu Kurdawa sun gudanar da zanga-zangar kwanaki 72 don nuna adawa da umarnin korarsu a gaban jami'ar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke Tokyo.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt;

Ya zuwa shekara ta 2005, gwamnati ta ba da matsayin 'yan gudun hijira da mafaka ga waɗanda ke da'awar tsoron tsanantawa a cikin ƙananan shari'o'i.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2005&quot;/&gt; Wata kungiya mai zaman kanta (NGO), a cikin wata sanarwa ga Kwamitin Gudanarwa da Kare Hakkin Dan Adam, ta lura cewa, daga 1982 zuwa Disamba 2002, an yarda da mutane 301 a matsayin 'yan gudun hijira. Gwamnati ta yi la'akari da cewa yawancin mutanen da ke neman mafaka a kasar sun yi hakan ne saboda dalilai na tattalin arziki. A shekara ta 2003, akwai kimanin 'yan gudun hijira 7,900 da masu neman mafaka a kasar, daga cikinsu kimanin 7,700 'yan gudun gudun hijira ne na Vietnam da Kambodiya. Daga cikin ikirarin 'yan gudun hijira 336 da aka gabatar a shekara ta 2003, Gwamnati ta ba da mafaka ga mutane 10 daga [[Myanmar|Burma]], [[Burundi]], da [[Iran]] kuma ta ba da izinin zama na dogon lokaci bisa la'akari da jin kai ga 16. A matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin sake haɗuwa da iyali don dangi na kusa da 'yan gudun hijirar Indochinese da suka sake zama a cikin shekarun da suka gabata, Gwamnati ta yarda da' yan gudun hijira 147 daga Vietnam da Cambodia a shekara ta 2003.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt;

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2003, an zartar da doka da ta ba Ministan Shari'a ikon bayar da izinin zama na wucin gadi ga mutanen da ke neman mafaka.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2003&quot;/&gt; Duk da yake wannan dokar ta samar da hanyar da [[Mai Neman Mafaka|Masu neman mafaka]] za su sami matsayin doka a cikin ƙasar a lokacin tsarin amincewa da 'yan gudun hijira, a aikace yana da matukar wahala a sami irin waɗannan izini. A watan Janairun shekara ta 2003, [[Immigration Bureau|Ofishin Shige da Fice]] ya fara ba da cikakkun bayanai, rubuce-rubuce game da yanke shawara don kada a ba da matsayin 'yan gudun hijira ga masu neman mafaka kuma ya buɗe ofishin bayanai a Filin jirgin saman Narita don masu neman mafakar.

== 'Yancin siyasa ==
Kundin tsarin mulkin kasa ya bai wa ‘yan kasa ‘yancin sauya gwamnatinsu cikin lumana, kuma ‘yan kasar sun yi amfani da wannan ‘yancin a aikace ta hanyar zabe na lokaci-lokaci, da ‘yanci da kuma gaskiya da aka gudanar bisa tsarin zabe na duniya. Ƙasar dimokuradiyya ce ta majalisar dokoki da jam'iyyun siyasa ko jam'iyyun da ke da ikon samun rinjaye a majalisar wakilai na cin abinci na biyu. Jam'iyyar LDP da New Komeito Party ne suka kafa gwamnatin hadin gwiwa da ake da su. Sai dai a dan takaitaccen lokaci a shekarun 1990, LDP ce ke da rinjaye a kowace gwamnati tun tsakiyar shekarun 1950. An gudanar da babban zaben kasa na karshe a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 2024, sannan kuma an gudanar da zaben ‘yan majalisar dattawa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 2025.

A cewar kididdigar Hukumar 'yan sanda ta kasa daga Janairu zuwa Yuni 2003, an kama mutane 43 da suka shafi cin hanci da rashawa na siyasa saboda irin waɗannan zarge-zargen kamar cin hanci, yin magudi, da keta dokar kula da kudade na siyasa. Wannan ya kasance karuwar shari'o'i 14 daga shekarar da ta gabata a lokaci guda.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 28, 2005 |title=Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – 2004 |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2004/41644.htm |access-date=October 21, 2008 |publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yawan mata da ke rike da mukamai na gwamnati ya karu a hankali. Ya zuwa watan Agustan 2023, mata sun rike kujeru 46 daga cikin 465 a cikin Lower House of the Diet  da kujeru 69 a cikin kujeru 248 na Upper House . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Japan: number of members in the lower house by gender |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1262138/japan-number-members-house-of-representatives-by-gender/ |access-date=2023-08-11 |website=Statista |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=参院選 女性当選者が35人で過去最多に 当選者に占める女性比率も過去最高：東京新聞 TOKYO Web |url=https://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/188816 |access-date=2023-08-11 |website=東京新聞 TOKYO Web |language=ja}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya zuwa watan Agustan 2023, akwai mata biyu a cikin majalisar ministoci. Ya zuwa watan Agustan 2023, 2 daga cikin gwamnonin 47 na kasar mata ne.

Tun daga watan Agustan 2023, Japan ba ta amince ko sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Kisan Kisa ba, Yarjejeniyar Bauta ta 1926 ko Majalisar Dinkin Duniya 1956 Ƙarin Yarjejeniya kan Kawar da Bauta.

== Nuna bambanci ==
Kundin tsarin mulkin kasa ya haramta wariya ga ’yan kasa bisa kabilanci, akida, jinsi, matsayin zamantakewa, ko asalin iyali; Ba 'yan kasa ba ba su da kariya daga waɗannan nau'ikan wariya ta tsarin mulki ko doka har zuwa 2014

=== Cin zarafin jinsi ===
A karon farko har abada, MHLW, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida da Sadarwa, da MEXT sun ba da ka'idoji na ministoci da sanarwa na yau da kullun waɗanda ke buƙatar hukumomi, ƙananan hukumomi, da makarantu don halartar batutuwan da suka shafi yanayin jima'i da cin zarafin jinsi da fitar da mutum a matsayin LGBT. Wannan ya faru ne a watan Mayun 2019. 

Cin zarafi da ake yi wa mata, musamman cin zarafi a cikin gida, yawanci ba a ba da rahoto ba, saboda matsalolin zamantakewa da al'adu game da wulakanta iyali ko jefar da mutuncin mijin aure ko 'ya'yansa. Kididdigar da NPA ta yi kan cin zarafin mata ta yi nuni da girman matsalar. Bisa kididdigar da NPA ta yi, an samu kararraki 12,568 na rikicin cikin gida da kuma umarnin hana mutane 1,499 a shekarar 2003. 'Yan sanda sun dauki mataki a kararraki 41 da aka saba wa umarnin kotu. Tsakanin Afrilu da Satumba, cibiyoyin shawarwarin fifiko 120 sun sami shari'o'i 24,818 na shawarwarin tashin hankalin gida. Daga cikin jimlar shawarwari 103,986 tun daga kasafin kuɗi na 2002, 99.6% na mata ne. &lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt;

Dokar ta ba da damar kotunan gundumar su sanya umarni na watanni 6 a kan masu aikata tashin hankali na cikin gida da kuma yanke wa masu keta doka hukuncin har zuwa shekara 1 a kurkuku ko sanya tarar har zuwa miliyan 1 yen. A cewar alkaluman Kotun Koli daga Janairu zuwa Satumba 2003, an nemi aikace-aikace 1,579 don hana umarni akan ma'aurata masu cin zarafi, kuma an bayar da 1,256.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt; Dokokin ko dai sun haramta masu aikata laifin su kusanci wadanda aka azabtar ko kuma sun umarce su da su bar gida, ko duka biyun. Dokar ta kuma rufe auren doka da mutane da suka sake aure; ta kuma ƙarfafa prefectures su faɗaɗa wuraren mafaka ga waɗanda aka yi wa cin zarafin gida kuma sun ƙayyade cewa kananan hukumomi suna ba da taimako na kuɗi ga cibiyoyin masu zaman kansu 40 da suka riga sun yi aiki da irin waɗannan mafaka.

Bita ga Doka don Rigakafin Rikicin Ma'aurata da Kariya ga waɗanda aka kashe a watan Mayu ya faɗaɗa ma'anar tashin hankalin ma'aurata ya haɗa da cin zarafi na tunani, jima'i, da ta jiki da ƙara tsawon umarnin hanawa daga makonni 2 zuwa watanni 2.

Kotun Koli ta yanke hukunci game da magana ta 750 na Dokar Jama’a a watan Disamba 2015. Wannan labarin yana bukatar mata da miji su ɗauki suna iri ɗaya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 12, 2017 |title=Human Rights Watch |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2017/country-chapters/japan# |access-date=December 11, 2018 |website=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rashin fyade ==
Kididdigar NPA ta ba da rahoton fyade 2,472 a shekara ta 2003.&lt;ref name=&quot;HR2004&quot;/&gt; An gurfanar da maza saboda fyade na aure; yawanci waɗannan shari'o'in sun haɗa da wani ɓangare na uku wanda ya taimaka wajen fyade. Dangane da manyan fyade da yawa a cikin shekara ta 2003 da suka shafi daliban koleji a Jami'ar Waseda, Babban Gidan ya zartar da lissafi a watan Disamba wanda ya sa fyade ya zama laifi wanda za'a iya hukunta shi da mafi ƙarancin shekaru 4 a kurkuku. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2004, an yanke wa wani tsohon dalibi hukuncin shekaru 14 a kurkuku saboda fyade mata biyu a wani biki da kungiyar dalibai ta &quot;Super Free&quot; ta shirya, da kuma mace ta uku a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2001. Dukkanin sauran wadanda ake tuhuma 13 sun sami hukuncin ɗaurin rai har zuwa shekaru 10. Yawancin kananan hukumomi sun amsa bukatar taimakon sirri ga matan da aka zalunta ta hanyar kafa sassan shawarwari na musamman na mata a cikin 'yan sanda da ofisoshin gundumar.&lt;ref name=&quot;CNN2018-04-22a&quot; /&gt; Koyaya, tun daga shekara ta 2018, har yanzu ana hana mata bayar da rahoton fyade da cin zarafin jima'i ta hanyar cikas na shari'a da na aiki, ta hanyar kula da mata da ke magana, kamar Shiori Itō, da sauran matsaloli da yawa. Tsohon shugaban ofishin masu gabatar da kara na gundumar Osaka ya yi wa wata mai gabatar da kara mata da ta bugu hari kuma an yi mata barazana. An gabatar da tuhumar kuma an kai karar shari'a a 2024, shekaru shida bayan haka.  

== Mata masu ta'aziyya ==
Yawancin shari'o'in da mata suka tilasta yin aiki a matsayin &quot;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (September 2011)&quot;&gt;when?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&quot; id=&quot;mwAe4&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Comfort women&quot;&gt;mata masu ta'aziyya&quot; (mata da 'yan mata da aka tilasta yin [[Bautar Jima'i|bautar jima'i]]) a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu an kammala su a shekara ta 2004. A watan Fabrairu, Babban Kotun Tokyo ta ki amincewa da roko da tsoffin mata 7 na Taiwan suka yi, yayin da a watan Nuwamba Kotun Koli ta yi watsi da karar lalacewa da &quot;mata 35 na Koriya suka gabatar a shekarar 1991. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2004 Babban Kotun Tokyo ta yi watsi da karar da tsoffin 'yan kasar Sin 4 suka yi, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Washington University |first=Memory and Reconciliation in the Asia-Pacific |title=Comfort Women: Japan |url=http://www.gwu.edu/~memory/data/judicial/comfortwomen_japan/Chinese%20(1st%20group).html |access-date=December 24, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma Kotun Koli ta ki amincewa da karar da 'yan Philippines 46 suka gabatar a shekarar 1993. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Filipino Comfort Women |url=https://www2.gwu.edu/~memory/data/judicial/comfortwomen_japan/filipina.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119230640/https://www2.gwu.edu/~memory/data/judicial/comfortwomen_japan/filipina.html |archive-date=January 19, 2019 |access-date=February 6, 2019 |website=www2.gwu.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Aure da saki ==

=== Kulawa ===
Lokacin da ma'aurata suka rabu, ana nuna kyama sosai a kotunan dangin Japan wanda ke ba da kashi 80% na iyaye mata bisa ga kididdigar 2004 daga Cibiyar Nazarin Yawan Jama'a da Tsaro ta Jama'a. Kula da jiki tare ko kula da iyaye ba sabon abu ba ne.

=== Satar da mutane ===
Akwai manyan zargi game da iyayen Jafananci da suka sake aure da iyayen kasashen waje waɗanda aka hana su samun damar zuwa ga yaransu bayan kisan aure.&lt;ref name=&quot;child-abduction&quot; /&gt; Da yawa daga cikin wadannan mutanen da suka sake aure sun rasa damar yin amfani da yaransu.&lt;ref name=&quot;child-abduction&quot; /&gt; Iyaye na kasashen waje bayan kisan aure na iya shan wahala daga satar yara.&lt;ref name=&quot;child-abduction&quot; /&gt; A cikin 2020, 'yan majalisa na [[Tarayyar Turai]] sun karɓi ƙuduri mara ɗaurewa ga Japan don bin damar iyaye, haƙƙin ziyara da kuma dawo da yaran da aka sace.

=== Hukunce-hukunce na jiki ===
A cikin Fabrairu 2020 duk amfani da hukuncin daurin rai da rai a kan yara a Japan ya ƙare bayan Ma'aikatar Lafiya, Ma'aikata da Jin Dadin Jama'a (MHLW) ta fitar da jagororin aiwatar da gyare-gyare na 2019 da aka yi wa dokoki kan yara.

== 'Yancin yara ==
Samari da 'yan mata suna samun daidaiton damar kula da lafiya da sauran ayyukan jama'a. Ilimi galibi kyauta ne kuma wajibi ne ta matakin ƙananan sakandare (shekaru 14 ko aji tara). Ilimi ya kasance a ko'ina ga ɗaliban da suka cika mafi ƙarancin matsayin ilimi a matakin sakandare har zuwa shekaru 18. Al'umma ta ba da daraja sosai kan ilimi, kuma matakan rajista ga yara maza da mata ta matakin sakandare kyauta ya wuce 96%.

Yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 14 ba za a iya ɗaukar alhakin aikata laifuka ba. A karkashin dokar samari, ana gurfanar da wadanda ake tuhuma a kotun iyali kuma suna da damar daukaka kara zuwa kotun daukaka kara. Shari’ar kotunan iyali ba ta fito fili ga jama’a ba, manufar da ‘yan uwa na kananan yara suka yi suka. A cikin shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, laifuffukan yara sun nuna sauye-sauye zuwa manyan laifuka kamar kisan kai, fashi, kone-kone, da fyade. Gwamnatin lardin Tokyo ta ci gaba da shirye-shiryen kare jin dadin yaran da ba su da jiha, wadanda iyayensu mata masu hijira ba bisa ka'ida ba suka ki yin rajista saboda fargabar mayar da su gida.

=== Cin zarafin yara da sakaci ===
Jama'a sun mai da hankali kan rahotanni na cin zarafin yara akai-akai a gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Milaniak |first=Izabela |date=2014 |title=Does child abuse and neglect increase risk for perpetration of violence inside and outside the home? |journal=Psychology of Violence |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=246–255 |doi=10.1037/a0037956 |pmc=4504697 |pmid=26191459}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dokar ta ba jami'an kula da lafiyar yara ikon hana iyaye masu cin zarafi daga saduwa ko sadarwa tare da yaransu, kodayake saboda ra'ayoyin al'adun Japan game da al'amuran iyali suna &quot;masu zaman kansu&quot;, wannan zaɓi na tilasta aiki ba a yi amfani da shi ba. Dokar ta kuma haramta cin zarafi a karkashin horo kuma ta tilasta malamai, likitoci, da jami'an jin dadin su ba da rahoton duk wani yanayi mai ban tsoro ga 1 daga cikin cibiyoyin ba da shawara na yara 182 na cikin gida ko kuma cibiyar jin dadin birni. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2003, Ma'aikatar Lafiya, Aiki, da Welfare ta ba da rahoton cewa yara 108 sun mutu sakamakon cin zarafin yara tun lokacin da aka kafa Dokar Rigakafin Cin zarafin Yara a shekara ta 2000.

A cikin 2003, an sami rikodin 23,738 na cin zarafin yara, kusan kashi 2% daga 2002, a cewar Ofishin Majalisar. Kusan kashi 50% na lamuran sun shafi tashin hankali, kuma kashi 40% na rashin kulawar iyaye ne. Cibiyoyin jin daɗin yara ma sun ba da rahoton rikodin kira 26,573 a cikin 2003, haɓakar kira 2,800 daga shekarar da ta gabata. Alkalumman da aka yarda da su gabaɗaya sun nuna cewa sama da kashi 70% na laifukan cin zarafin yara sun haɗa da mai laifin mace, yawanci mahaifiyar yaron. Kodayake Gwamnati ta ba da tallafi ga ƙananan hukumomi don magance yawan cin zarafin yara, kashi 13% ne kawai suka karɓi tayin. Yawancin kananan hukumomin da suka yi watsi da tallafin sun bayyana cewa ba za su iya biyan kason su na kudirin ba.

a cikin 2014 'yan sanda sun ba da rahoton shari'o'i 13,037 na cin zarafin yara ciki har da cin zarafin jima'i da mutuwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 10, 2013 |title=Article expired |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/article-expired/ |website=The Japan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 20 ga Yuli, 2020, wani rahoto daga [[Sa-ido akan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|HRW]] ya bayyana cewa 'yan wasa na yara a [[Japan]] sun sha wahala a jiki, jima'i da kuma magana daga masu horar da su, wanda ya sa wasu daga cikinsu su kashe rayukansu. Rahoton &quot;'Na kasance a cikin sau da yawa ba zan iya lissafawa ba&quot;: Cin zarafin 'yan wasa na yara a Japan, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 20, 2020 |title=&quot;I Was Hit So Many Times I Can't Count&quot; : Abuse of Child Athletes in Japan |url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/07/20/i-was-hit-so-many-times-i-cant-count/abuse-child-athletes-japan |access-date=20 July 2020 |website=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya rubuta tarihin kasar na azabtar da jiki a wasanni, wanda aka sani da taibatsu a cikin Jafananci, kuma ya bayyana cin zarafin yara a cikin horar da wasanni a duk makarantun Jafananci. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 20, 2020 |title=Human Rights Watch criticises Japan after report reveals abuse of athletes |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/jul/20/human-rights-watch-criticises-japan-after-report-reveals-abuse-of-athletes |access-date=20 July 2020 |website=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Cinikin mutane ==
Ko da yake Japan tana da dokokin da suka haramta safarar jima'i da safarar ƙwadago, waɗannan dokokin ba a la'akari da su cikakku da ma'anar da suka yi daidai da dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 May 2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Japan |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/japan/ |access-date=9 March 2023 |website=U.S. Department of State}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Afrilun 2004, gwamnatin Japan ta ƙirƙiri wani runduna don yaƙar fataucin mutane. A watan Disamba na wannan shekarar, Gwamnati ta fitar da shirinta na yaki da safarar mutane. Shirin Aiki ya maida hankali ne kan rigakafi da kawar da fataucin mutane, da kuma kare wadanda abin ya shafa. Shirin Aiki ya yi kira da a sake nazarin biza na &quot;mai nishadantarwa&quot;, da karfafa kula da shige-da-fice, da yin kwaskwarima ga dokokin hukunta laifuka don mai da fataucin mutane laifi, da kuma kara ba da kariya ga wadanda abin ya shafa ta hanyar matsuguni, ba da shawara, da taimakon komawa gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=MOFA: Japan's Action Plan of Measures to Combat Trafficking in Persons |url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/i_crime/people/action.html |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=www.mofa.go.jp}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Japan's Actions to Combat Trafficking in Persons: A Prompt and Appropriate Response from a Humanitarian Perspective |url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/i_crime/people/pamphlet.pdf |access-date=9 March 2023 |website=www.mofa.go.jp.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya zuwa watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, Japan ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar kan Laifukan da aka tsara ta kasa da kasa, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=United Nations Treaty Collection |url=https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=IND&amp;mtdsg_no=XVIII-12&amp;chapter=18&amp;clang=_en |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=treaties.un.org |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yarjejeniyar hanawa, hanawa da azabtar da fataucin mutane, musamman mata da yara, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=United Nations Treaty Collection |url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=ind&amp;mtdsg_no=XVIII-12-a&amp;chapter=18&amp;clang=_en#EndDec |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=treaties.un.org |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Cin Hanci da rashawa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=United Nations Treaty Collection |url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=IND&amp;mtdsg_no=XVIII-14&amp;chapter=18&amp;clang=_en |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=treaties.un.org |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cin zarafin jima'i ===
[[Safarar Mutane|Cinikin mata da 'yan mata]] a cikin kasar ya kasance matsala.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Jones |first=A. |date=2010 |title=Human Trafficking, the Japanese Commercial Sex Industry, and the Yakuza: Recommendations for the Japanese Government |journal=Affairs Review |volume=49}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mata da 'yan mata, da farko daga Thailand, Philippines, da Gabashin Turai, an yi fataucin su cikin ƙasar don [[Bautar Jima'i|cin zarafin jima'i]] da aikin tilas. Mata da 'yan mata daga Colombia, Brazil, Mexico, Koriya ta Kudu, Malaysia, Burma, da Indonesia suma an yi fataucin su cikin ƙasar a cikin ƙananan lambobi. Kasar ta kasance makoma ga baƙi ba bisa ka'ida ba daga China waɗanda ƙungiyoyin masu aikata laifuka suka yi fataucin su kuma suka tsare su cikin bautar bashi don cin zarafin jima'i da bautar da aka yi a cikin shaguna da gidajen cin abinci. Gwamnati ta ba da rahoton cewa wasu masu safarar mutane sun yi amfani da kashe-kashen da sace-sacen don tilasta hadin kai.

Ko da yake ba a samu kididdiga mai inganci kan adadin mata da aka yi safarar su zuwa kasar ba, kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan Adam sun ba da rahoton cewa mutane kusan 200,000 galibi matan kudu maso gabashin Asiya ne ake safarar su a duk shekara zuwa cikin kasar tare da tilasta musu yin sana'ar jima'i. A shekarar 2003, NPA ta kama mutane 41 da laifin safarar mutane, 8 daga cikinsu masu safarar mutane ne. Daga cikin wadannan mutane 36 an yanke musu hukunci, 14 sun samu zaman gidan yari, 17 sun samu tara, 5 kuma sun samu duka biyun tara da kuma zaman gidan yari. A watan Fabrairun 2003, ofisoshin 'yan sanda 17 da 'yan sanda na birnin Tokyo a lokaci guda sun kai farmaki kan kulake 24 tare da ceto 68 da aka yi safarar su.

== Hakkin mutanen da ke da nakasa ==
Akwai kimanin mutane miliyan 3.4 da ke da shekaru sama da 18 da nakasar jiki da kuma kusan miliyan 3 masu nakasa tabin hankali. Ko da yake ba gabaɗaya ake fuskantar nuna wariya a aikin yi, ilimi, ko wajen samar da wasu hidimomi na jiha ba, nakasassu sun fuskanci ƙayyadaddun damar safarar jama'a, ilimin jama'a na yau da kullun, da sauran wurare. Kwamitin tattaunawa kan samar da nakasassu aiki, wanda ke aiki a cikin ma'aikatar lafiya, kwadago da walwala, ya ba da umarnin cewa kamfanoni masu zaman kansu masu ma'aikata 300 ko sama da haka su dauki kayyadadden kaso na nakasassu. Hukuncin rashin bin doka tara ne.

Doka ba ta ba da izinin isa ga gine-gine ga masu nakasa ba; duk da haka, dokar kan ka'idojin gine-gine na wuraren jama'a na ba wa masu gudanar da asibitoci, gidajen wasan kwaikwayo, otal-otal, da kamfanoni makamantansu damar samun lamuni mai rahusa da fa'idar haraji idan sun gina manyan hanyoyin shiga da na'urar hawan hawa don daukar nakasassu.

Dokar Haɓaka Ayyukan Nakasassu ta haɗa da masu nakasa. Har ila yau, dokar ta sassauta sharuddan bayar da lasisi ga cibiyoyin tallafawa al’umma da ke inganta ayyukan yi ga nakasassu, sannan ta bullo da tallafin da gwamnati ke ba wa masu nakasa ayyukan yi na wucin gadi. A cikin 2003, ma'aikatan da ke da nakasa da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu ke aiki sun ƙunshi matsakaicin kashi 1.5% na adadin ma'aikata na yau da kullun, ƙasa da adadin da doka ta tanada na 1.8%. Yayin da kusan kashi 70% na manyan kamfanoni (ma'aikata 1,000 ko sama da haka) suka gaza cimma wannan burin, manyan kamfanoni da yawa suna da rarrabuwa na musamman ga ma'aikatan da ke da nakasa, gami da Omron, Sony, da Honda. Misali, kashi 80% na ma'aikatan masana'antar Kyoto na Omron na 82 suna da nakasu, kuma yawancinsu suna da nakasa. Waɗannan ma'aikatan suna samun matsakaicin yen miliyan 3 a kowace shekara, wanda ya haura mafi ƙarancin albashi

A ƙarshen 2002, duk gwamnatocin larduna da kashi 91.5% na ƙananan hukumomi sun haɓaka tsare-tsare na yau da kullun ga ƴan ƙasa masu nakasa. A watan Yuni, an sake bitar mahimman dokar ta naƙasassu, wanda ya wajabta duk gundumomi su tsara tsare-tsare na nakasassu.

Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2015, Japan ta tabbatar da [[Yarjejeniya kan Haƙƙin masu lalura ta musamman|Yarjejeniyar kan 'Yancin Mutanen da ke da nakasa]] amma ba ta sanya hannu ko kuma ta tabbatar da yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ga Yarjejeniyar' yancin Mutanen Da ke da nakasasa ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) {{!}} United Nations Enable |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/convention-on-the-rights-of-persons-with-disabilities.html |access-date=2019-12-03 |website=www.un.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙananan mutane ==
Burakumin, Koreans, Sinawa, da ma'aikatan baki sun fuskanci bambanci daban-daban na wariyar launin fata a cikin al'umma, wasu daga cikinsu suna da tsanani kuma sun dade. Kimanin Burakumin miliyan 3 ('ya'yan ɓangarorin zamanin ɓangarorin &lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;waɗanda ba'a sani ba&lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;), duk da cewa ba a nuna musu wariya na gwamnati ba, galibi sun kasance waɗanda ke fama da wariyar launin fata a cikin al'umma, gami da ƙuntatawa damar samun gidaje da damar yin aiki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What is Buraku Discrimination ? |url=http://blhrri.org/blhrri_e/blhrri/buraku.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920122257/http://blhrri.org/blhrri_e/blhrri/buraku.htm |archive-date=September 20, 2008 |access-date=October 21, 2008 |publisher=Buraku Liberation and Human Rights Research Institute}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar MOJ, akwai kusan mazauna kasashen waje miliyan 1.85 bisa doka a cikin 2002. Mafi yawan rukuni, a kusan 625,400, 'yan kabilar Koriya ne, sai 'yan China, Brazil, da Philippines. Duk da ingantuwar tsare-tsaren doka game da wariya, mazauna Koriya ta dindindin (waɗanda ake kira Zainichi Koreans, waɗanda akasarinsu an haife su, sun girma, kuma sun yi karatu a Japan) sun fuskanci wariyar launin fata iri-iri na al'umma. An bayar da rahoton cewa, cin zarafi da barazana ga kungiyoyi da mutane masu goyon bayan Koriya ta Arewa ya karu tun daga shekarar 2002 da Koriya ta Arewa ta amince da cewa ta yi garkuwa da 'yan kasar Japan fiye da dozin. Sauran baki kuma ana nuna musu wariya. Akwai ra'ayi mai yawa tsakanin 'yan kasar Japan cewa baki sun aikata laifuka da dama. A cewar wani bincike da gwamnati ta gudanar, sama da kashi 70% na ‘yan kasar na fargabar cewa karuwar ma’aikatan kasashen waje da ke aiki ba bisa ka’ida ba ka iya kawo cikas ga tsaron jama’a da kuma haifar da cin zarafin bil’adama kan ma’aikatan da kansu. Duk da haka, fiye da 80% sun ce ya kamata kasar ta karbi ma'aikatan kasashen waje bisa sharadi ko kuma ba tare da wani sharadi ba.

Ya zuwa Mayu 2019, Japan ba ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar da ke adawa da nuna bambanci a Ilimi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-04-19 |title=UNESCO calls Member States to ratify the Convention against Discrimination in Education |url=https://en.unesco.org/news/unesco-calls-member-states-ratify-convention-against-discrimination-education |access-date=2019-12-03 |website=UNESCO |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin ma'aikaci ==

=== Hakkin haɗuwa ===
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ba da damar ma'aikata su haɗu da yardar rai a cikin ƙungiyoyi.

=== Dokar cin zarafin jima'i a wurin aiki ===
Dokar Damar Samun Ma'aikata Daidaita ta Japan da aka ƙirƙira a cikin 1972 kawai tana ba da shawara ko ba da shawarar masu ɗaukar aiki don ɗaukar matakan hana cin zarafi. Cin zarafin jima'i shine mafi yawan rahotannin nau'in nau'in ma'aikata a Ma'aikatar Lafiya, Kwadago, da Jin Dadin Jama'a a Japan.

A cikin 1999 an sake gyara dokar Samar Da Ma'aikata Daidaitacce kuma an ƙara wani tanadi da ke buƙatar masu ɗaukar ma'aikata su ɗauki matakan hana cin zarafi da mata a wuraren aiki. An sake sake fasalinta a cikin 2007 don haɗawa da maza waɗanda aka kashe, kuma an sake yin bita a cikin 2014 don haɗawa da lalata da jima'i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 25, 2015 |title=Japan sees progress on sexual harassment, but some still don't get it |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/community/2015/03/25/issues/japan-sees-progress-sexual-harassment-still-dont-get/ |website=The Japan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Hakkin shirya da ciniki tare ===
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ba da ƙungiyoyi damar tsarawa, ciniki, da aiki tare.

=== Hana aikin tilas ko tilas ===

=== Hana aikin yara ===
Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya haramta aikin yara.

=== Yanayin aiki da aka yarda da shi da mafi ƙarancin albashi ===
Mafi ƙarancin albashi ana saita shi akan tsarin yanki (shugabanci) da masana'antu, tare da shigar da ma'aikatu masu ba da shawara (ma'aikata, ma'aikata, bukatun jama'a). Ma'aikata da ke ƙarƙashin mafi ƙarancin ma'aikata dole ne su sanya mafi ƙarancin albashin da abin ya shafa, kuma ana ɗaukar bin mafi ƙarancin albashi ya zama tartsatsi. Matsakaicin ƙimar albashi ya jeri bisa ga lardi daga 606 zuwa yen 710 a kowace awa. An yi la'akarin mafi ƙarancin albashi ya isa don samar wa ma'aikaci da iyali kyakkyawan yanayin rayuwa.

Gwamnati ta yi kokarin rage kwararowar ma'aikatan kasashen waje ba bisa ka'ida ba ta hanyar gurfanar da masu daukar ma'aikata a gaban kuliya. Bisa kididdigar da NPA ta fitar, an tuhumi mutane 175 da laifin &quot;taimakawa aikin yi ba bisa ka'ida ba&quot; a farkon rabin farkon shekarar 2002. Dokar shige da fice ta tanadi hukunci kan masu daukar ma'aikatan kasashen waje da ba su da takardun aiki. An tada mafi girman tara na taimakon aikin ba bisa ka'ida ba zuwa yen miliyan 3 a watan Disamba. Hakanan ana iya hana ma'aikatan ƙasashen waje da ake zargi shiga don fasfo, biza, da kuma rashin bin ka'ida. Gwamnati ta ci gaba da nazarin batun ma'aikatan kasashen waje, kuma kungiyoyin 'yan kasar da dama suna aiki tare da ma'aikatan kasashen waje ba bisa ka'ida ba don inganta hanyoyin samun bayanai kan hakkokin ma'aikata.

Ma'aikatar Kwadago ta gudanar da aiki yadda ya kamata daban-daban dokoki da ka'idoji da ke kula da lafiyar ma'aikata da aminci, babba daga cikinsu akwai Dokar Tsaron Masana'antu da Lafiya. Ma'aikatar Kwadago ce ta tsara ka'idoji kuma ta fitar da su bayan tuntubar Kwamitin Tsaro da Lafiya na Majalisar Ma'aikata ta Tsakiya. Sufetocin kwadago na da hurumin dakatar da ayyukan da ba su da tsaro nan take, kuma doka ta tanadi cewa ma’aikata na iya bayyana damuwarsu kan lafiyar sana’o’i da kuma kawar da kansu daga yanayin aiki mara kyau ba tare da kawo cikas ga ci gaban aikinsu ba.

=== Batutuwan ma'aikatan kasashen waje ===
Al'ada ce ga kamfanonin Japan su ɗauki fasfo na ma'aikatan kasashen waje.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; Ba bisa ka'ida ba ne ga kamfanoni su kwace fasfo na 'yan ƙasar Japan, amma ba na ma'aikatan kasashen waje ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; Akwai jagororin gwamnati kawai game da kwacewa.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; Kamfanoni suna tsoron cewa ma'aikatan kasashen waje na iya guduwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; A cewar lauyoyi masu gwagwarmaya, tilasta mutane su yi aiki yayin da suke ɗaukar fasfo suna kama da aikin tilas.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; Sun roki gwamnatin Japan da ta sanya shi ba bisa ka'ida ba don kare haƙƙin ɗan adam.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot; /&gt; Takamaiman adadin shari'o'in ba a bayyane yake ba, amma shari'oʼi da yawa ba a bayar da rahoton su ba saboda shingen harshe da barazanar korarsu.&lt;ref name=&quot;passport-confiscation&quot;/&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Mutanen Ainu
* Yawan jama'a na Japan
* Batutuwan kabilanci a Japan
* Fadar Japan
* 'Yancin Bayanai a Japan
* Rashin gida a Japan
* Jima'i a Japan
* Cinikin mutane a Japan
* Rashin yara na kasa da kasa a Japan
* Hakkin LGBT a Japan
* Koriya ta Arewa ta sace 'yan kasar Japan
* Karuwanci a Japan
* Raelyn Campbell
* Mutanen Ryukyuan
* Yunkurin samun 'yancin kai na Ryukyu
* Mata a Japan
* [[Fataucin mutane don karuwanci a Japan|Cinikin jima'i a Japan]]

Kundin Tsarin Mulki da Kundin Laifukan sun hada da tsare-tsare don tabbatar da cewa ba za a iya tilasta wa wanda ake zargi da aikata laifin aikata laifi ba. A shekara ta 2003, an daina amfani da bel ɗin hana fata. An kafa ƙuƙumi masu laushi na fata ba tare da bel na jiki ba a matsayin madadin na'urorin hanawa. Kungiyar kare hakkin bil adama ta Amnesty International ta bukaci kasar Japan da ta sake fasalin hanyoyin binciken ‘yan sanda.

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==

* [http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/human/ Shafin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Japan kan 'Yancin Dan Adam a Japan]
* [http://www.crnjapan.net/ Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Yara ta Japan]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100531195353/http://www.jiwe.or.jp/english/law/law1_1_1.html Dokar Daidaitaccen Aiki]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061002152305/http://www.ifex.org/en/content/view/full/151/ Censorship a Japan]
* [http://newsletters.ahrchk.net/jpn/ Labaran AHRC, gami da roko na gaggawa, sanarwa da wasikun budewa cikin Jafananci. Sauran takardun kare hakkin dan adam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323024346/http://newsletters.ahrchk.net/jpn/ |date=2016-03-23 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081030200040/http://www.jclu.org/file/special_rapporteur.pdf Kwamitin 'Yancin Bil'adama na Japan na' yancin 'yan kasashen waje]
* [[OHCHR]].org/english/law/cerd.htm&quot; id=&quot;mwBig&quot; rel=&quot;mw:ExtLink nofollow&quot;&gt;Rubutun Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan kawar da dukkan nau'o'in nuna bambanci na launin fata UN OHCHR
* [http://www.asiancenturyinstitute.com/politics/722-polite-japan-s-dark-underbelly Rashin ciki mai kyau na Japan]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>'Yancin Dan Adam a Burma</title>
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      <text bytes="47064" sha1="6d1mw49gm54e4ed3d65f7lojkxsde42" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}} {{Gyara mukala}} 
Hakkin dan adam a Myanmar a karkashin mulkin soja an dauki shi a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi munin duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=2003 |title=A Special Report to the 59th Session of the United Nations |url=http://www.middle-east-info.org/gateway/mostrepressiveregimes.pdf |publisher=Freedom House |place=Geneva |pages=vii–7 |quote=ruled by one of the world's most repressive regimes.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Howse |first=Robert |last2=Jared M. Genser |title=Are EU Trade Sanctions on Burma Compatible With WTO Law? |url=http://students.law.umich.edu/mjil/article-pdfs/v29n2-howse-genser.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Are EU Trade Sanctions on Burma Compatible with WTO Law? |pages=166+ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100607153959/http://students.law.umich.edu/mjil/article-pdfs/v29n2-howse-genser.pdf |archive-date=7 June 2010 |access-date=7 November 2010 |quote=repressive and abusive military regime}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin Shekara ta  2022,gidan yanci ta kimanta haƙƙin ɗan adam na Myanmar a kaso 9 daga cikin 100 (ba kyauta ba). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Myanmar: Freedom in the World 2022 Country Report |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/myanmar/freedom-world/2022 |website=Freedom House}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bayani na gaba ɗaya ==
Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam na kasa da kasa ciki har da Human Rights Watch, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brad Adams |title=Statement to the EU Development Committee |url=http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/09/01/burma9290.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060620074005/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/09/01/burma9290.htm |archive-date=20 June 2006 |access-date=11 July 2006 |publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;Afuwa ta ƙasa da kasa  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brad Adams |title=Amnesty International 2009 Report on Human Rights in Myanmar |url=http://report2009.amnesty.org/en/regions/asia-pacific/myanmar |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090912013419/http://report2009.amnesty.org/en/regions/asia-pacific/myanmar |archive-date=12 September 2009 |access-date=4 January 2010 |publisher=[[Amnesty International]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; da American Association for the Advancement of Science &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Satellite Images Verify Myanmar Forced Relocations, Mounting Military Presence |url=http://sciencemode.com/2007/09/28/satellite-images-verify-myanmar-forced-relocations-mounting-military-presence/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226124205/http://sciencemode.com/2007/09/28/satellite-images-verify-myanmar-forced-relocations-mounting-military-presence/ |archive-date=26 February 2008 |access-date=1 October 2007 |publisher=ScienceMode}}&lt;/ref&gt; sun sake rubutawa da kuma hukunta yaduwar take hakkin dan adam a Myanmar. Rahoton yancin na Duniya a shekarar 2011 na Freedom House ya lura cewa &quot;Junta ta soja ta... hana kusan dukkanin hakkoki na asali; kuma ta aikata cin zarafin 'yancin dan adam ba tare da hukuntawa ba. &quot; A cikin shekarata  2011 &quot;kasar fiye da fursunonin siyasa 2,100 sun hada da kimanin mambobi 429 na NLD, masu nasara a zaben shekarar 1990. &quot;  A watan Yulin shekarar 2013, a cewar [[Assistance Association for Political Prisoners|Kungiyar Taimako ga Fursunonin Siyasa]], akwai kimanin fursunonin Siyaya 100 a cikin kurkuku na Burma.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Burma (Myanmar) (2011) |url=http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=22&amp;year=2011&amp;country=8007 |access-date=29 August 2011 |publisher=Freedom House}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 9 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 2012, [[Samantha Power]], Mataimakin Shugaban Amurka [[Barack Obama]] na Musamman ga Shugaban kasa kan 'Yancin Dan Adam, ya rubuta a shafin yanar gizon Fadar White House kafin ziyarar Shugaban cewa &quot;mummunar cin zarafin' yancin dan adam ga fararen hula a yankuna da yawa suna ci gaba, gami da mata da yara. &quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;SH2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Samantha Power |date=9 November 2012 |title=Supporting Human Rights in Burma |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2012/11/09/supporting-human-rights-burma |access-date=20 November 2012 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |via=[[NARA|National Archives]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Babban Taron Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ya yi kira akai-akai &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=List of UN General Assembly Resolutions on Burma |url=http://www.altsean.org/Research/UN%20Dossier/UNGA.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104120635/http://www.altsean.org/Research/UN%20Dossier/UNGA.htm |archive-date=4 November 2016 |access-date=4 January 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; ga tsoffin gwamnatocin soja na Burma da su mutunta haƙƙin ɗan adam kuma a sanya wani ƙuduri don kawo karshen ci gaba da take hakkin dan adam na gaggawa na duniya &quot;don kawo karshen matakan gaggawa na mulkin mallaka na duniya&quot;.

[[Aikin tilasta]], fataucin mutane da [[aikin yara]] sun zama ruwan dare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 1998 |title=Myanmar: 10th anniversary of military repression |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/asa16/020/1998/en/ |access-date=14 July 2006 |publisher=[[Amnesty International]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, rundunar sojin Burma ta shahara da yin amfani da tashin hankali na jima'i a matsayin kayan sarrafawa, gami da zargin fyade da sojoji suka yi da kuma karbar [[Bautar Jima'i|bayi na jima'i]],  aikin da ya ci gaba a shekarar 2012. &lt;ref name=&quot;womenofburma2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 February 2007 |title=State of Terror report |url=http://www.womenofburma.org/Statement&amp;Release/state_of_terror_report.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070528044207/http://www.womenofburma.org/Statement%26Release/state_of_terror_report.pdf |archive-date=28 May 2007 |access-date=21 May 2007 |publisher=[[Women's League of Burma]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human Rights Watch World Report 2012, Burma |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report-2012/world-report-2012-burma |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630121229/http://www.hrw.org/world-report-2012/world-report-2012-burma |archive-date=30 June 2013 |access-date=6 July 2013 |website=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2017, kwamitin mambobi uku a Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun gudanar da aikin gano gaskiyar. Wannan aikin an yi shi ne don &quot;kafa gaskiyar da yanayin da ake zargi da cin zarafin bil'adama na baya-bayan nan da sojoji da jami'an tsaro suka yi, da cin zarafi, a Myanmar ... tare da tabbatar da cikakken lissafi ga masu aikata laifin da adalci ga wadanda abin ya shafa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Biographies of the members of the Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar |url=http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/MyanmarFFM/Pages/Members.aspx |website=United Nations Human Rights Council}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abin takaici, gwamnatin Myanmar ba ta yi aiki tare da Ofishin Binciken Gaskiya (FFM) ba. Ba su yarda da Mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da halin da ake ciki na haƙƙin ɗan adam a Myanmar a cikin ƙasar ba.[1] Abin da Ofishin Binciken Gaskiya ya gano kuma ya sanar da shi ne cewa jami'an tsaro a Myanmar sun aikata manyan keta dokar kasa da kasa &quot;wanda ya ba da izinin binciken aikata laifuka da gurfanar da shi&quot;, wato laifuka a kan bil'adama, Laifukan yaki, da kisan kare dangi.[2]
[[Fayil:Mae_La_refugee_camp2.jpg|thumb|sansanin Mae La, Lardin Tak, Thailand, daya daga cikin mafi girma daga cikin sansanonin UNHCR guda tara a Thailand inda sama da [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'Yan gudun hijira]] 700,000, [[Mai Neman Mafaka|Masu neman mafaka]], da marasa kasa suka tsere.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Refugees |first=United Nations High Commissioner for |title=Thailand |url=https://www.unhcr.org/thailand.html |access-date=2021-01-04 |website=UNHCR |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Dangane da waɗannan da'awar, Gwamnatin Myanmar ta ɗauki matsayin cewa aikin FFM ba shi da alhaki kuma ba shi da tushe. A watan Satumbar Shekarar 2019, alal misali, U Kyaw Moe Tun, wakilin dindindin na Myanmar a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Geneva, ya ba da tsokaci yayin Taron Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a Geneva. U Kyaw Moe Tun ya ce &quot;Mutanen Myanmar, waɗanda suka kasance tare da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a cikin gwagwarmayarsu ta dogon lokaci don dimokuradiyya da haƙƙin ɗan adam, suna ƙara yin takaici da rashin daidaituwa da wasu bangarorin Majalisar Dinkinobho suka ɗauka game da Myanmar&quot;.

Aung San Suu Kyi ta jagoranci jam'iyyar adawa ta National League for Democracy wacce ta yi nasara a Babban zaben 1990. An ɗaure ta ko kuma a tsare ta a gida na tsawon shekaru 15 daga cikin shekaru 21 daga shekara ta  1990 zuwa shekarar 2010.  A cikin shekarata 2021, Sojojin Myanmar sun daure ta a wani juyin mulki. Ya zuwa watan Agustan shekarar 2022, ana tsare ta a cikin kurkuku mai zaman kanta tana yin shekaru 17 bayan jerin fitina na sirri.

== 'Yanci na addini,' yancin' yan tsiraru, da rikice-rikicen cikin gida ==
 An tattara shaidu wanda ya nuna cewa gwamnatin Burma ta yi alama da wasu kabilun tsiraru kamar [[Karen people|Karen]], [[Karenni people|Karenni]] da [[Shan people|Shan]] don hallaka ko 'Burmisation'.  Wannan, duk da haka, bai sami kulawa sosai daga al'ummomin duniya ba tun lokacin da ya fi rikitarwa da kai tsaye fiye da kisan kiyashi wanda ya faru a wurare kamar [[Kisan ƙare dangi na Rwandan|Rwanda]]. A cewar [[Amnesty International|Afuwa ta ƙasa da kasa]], Musulman Rohingya sun ci gaba da shan wahala a karkashin mulkin [[Military dictatorship|junta]] wanda ya mallaki Burma tun shekara ta 1978, kuma da yawa daga cikinsu sun gudu zuwa makwabciyar [[Bangladesh]] a sakamakon haka  Rikicin da aka yi wa al'ummomin [[Kirista]] kamar [[Kachin people|Kachin]] ya karu tun lokacin da aka sake fara fada a watan Yunin shekarar 2011 a cikin [[2011–2012 Kachin Conflict|Rikicin Kachin na Shekara ta 2011 da shekarar 2012]].


A ranar 21 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, a zaman 49 na Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Michelle Bachelet ta bayyana cewa zalunci da jami'an tsaro suka yi da Tatmadaw ya haifar da rikice-rikicen da suka riga sun kasance a cikin kabilun da yawa. A cikin &quot;babban rikici&quot; da ke fuskantar samun dama ga 'yancin ɗan adam na asali a Myanmar bayan juyin mulkin a watan Fabrairun shekarar  2021, daruruwan kungiyoyin adawa da makamai yanzu sun kafa a duk faɗin ƙasar, wanda ya haifar da &quot;rashin hankali a yankunan da suka kasance masu kwanciyar hankali a baya&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 March 2022 |title=Human rights in Myanmar face 'profound crisis' – Bachelet |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/03/1114382 |access-date=21 March 2022 |website=United Nation |archive-date=21 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220321213706/https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/03/1114382 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin shekarata  2022, Freedom House ya kimanta 'yancin addini na Myanmar a matsayin 1 daga 4,  yana mai lura da cewa kundin tsarin mulki ya ba da' yancin addini kuma ya amince da addinin Buddha, Kiristanci, Islama, Hindu da animism. Koyaya, wasu maganganun ƙiyayya da nuna bambanci na Musulmi sun karu da kafofin sada zumunta, cibiyoyin jihohi da manyan shafukan yanar gizo na labarai.

=== Tsanantawa ga Musulmai ===
 
Musulmai Rohingya sun fuskanci cin zarafin 'yancin dan adam daga gwamnatin Burma wacce ta ki amincewa da su a matsayin' yan ƙasa (duk da tsararraki na zama a kasar) kuma ta yi ƙoƙari ta kori Rohingya da karfi kuma ta kawo wadanda ba Rohingya ba don maye gurbin su. Wannan manufofin ya haifar da korar kusan rabin yawan Rohingya daga Burma. &lt;ref name=&quot;South East Asia pg. 342&quot; /&gt; An kiyasta mutane 90,000 ne suka yi hijira a cikin tashin hankali na baya-bayan nan tsakanin Musulmai Rohingya da Buddha a yammacin Jihar Rakhine ta Burma. A sakamakon wannan manufofin an bayyana mutanen Rohingya a matsayin &quot;daga cikin wadanda ba a so a duniya&quot;  da kuma &quot;ɗaya daga cikin 'yan tsiraru da aka fi tsanantawa a duniya&quot;.  

Tun daga shekarar 1982 dokar 'yancin Rohingya an kwace su daga' yancin ƙasar Burma. A shekara ta 2012, wani tashin hankali ya tashi tsakanin 'yan Buddha na kabilanci na Rakhine da Musulmai na Rohingya, wanda ya bar mutane 78 da suka mutu, 87 da suka ji rauni, kuma dubban gidaje sun lalace. Har ila yau, ya kori mutane sama da 52,000. Ya zuwa watan Yulin shekarar 2012, Gwamnatin Myanmar ba ta haɗa da ƙungiyar 'yan tsiraru ta Rohingya ba - waɗanda aka rarraba su a matsayin Musulmai na Bengali marasa kasa daga Bangladesh tun shekara ta  1982 - a cikin jerin sunayen kabilun gwamnati sama da 130 sabili da haka gwamnati ta ce ba su da'awar zama ɗan ƙasar Myanmar.

==== Rikicin Jihar Rakhine na shekarar 2012 ====
{{Asia in topic|Human rights in}}Rikicin Jihar Rakhine na shekara ta 2012 jerin rikice-rikice ne da ke gudana tsakanin Musulmai Rohingya da kabilun Rakhine a arewacin Jihar Rikhine, Myanmar . Rikicin ya zo ne bayan makonni na rikice-rikice na ɗarika kuma yawancin mutane a bangarorin biyu na rikici sun hukunta su.

Dalilin da ya haifar da tashin hankali ba a bayyane yake ba, tare da masu sharhi da yawa suna ambaton kisan Musulmai goma na Burmese da kabilun Rakhine bayan fyade da kisan yarinya mai shekaru 13 da Musulmai na Burmese suka yi. Dukkanin ƙauyuka an &quot;ƙare su&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;PhilInquirer&quot; /&gt; Fiye da gidaje ɗari uku da gine-ginen jama'a da yawa an rushe su. A cewar Tun Khin, Shugaban kungiyar Rohingya ta Burma (BROUK), a ranar 28 ga watan Yuni an kashe Rohingya 650, 1,200 sun ɓace, kuma fiye da 80,000 sun rasa muhallinsu. A cewar hukumomin Myanmar, tashin hankali, tsakanin 'yan Buddha na kabilanci da Musulmai na Rohingya, ya bar mutane 78 da suka mutu, 87 da suka ji rauni, kuma dubban gidaje sun lalace. Har ila yau, ya kori mutane sama da 52,000.

Gwamnati ta mayar da martani ta hanyar sanya dokar hana fita da kuma tura sojoji a yankuna. A ranar 10 ga watan  Yuni, an ayyana dokar ta baci a Rakhine, wanda ya ba da damar sojoji su shiga cikin gudanarwar yankin. Sojojin Burma da 'yan sanda an zarge su da yin niyya ga Musulmai Rohingya ta hanyar kama jama'a da tashin hankali. Yawancin kungiyoyin 'yan majami'a da suka taka muhimmiyar rawa a gwagwarmayar Burma don dimokuradiyya sun dauki matakai don toshe duk wani taimakon jin kai ga al'ummar Rohingya.

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, [[Amnesty International|Afuwa na ƙasa da kasa]] ta zargi sojojin Burma da aikata laifukan yaki da sauran ta'addanci a Jihar Rakhine. Sojoji sun &quot;kisan fararen hula da suka ji rauni a hare-haren da ba su nuna bambanci ba tun watan Janairun shekarar  2019&quot;, in ji Amnesty.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 May 2019 |title=Amnesty accuses Burmese military of new abuses |url=https://www.countypress.co.uk/news/national/17670063.amnesty-accuses-burmese-military-of-new-abuses/ |access-date=29 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;Sabon ayyukan a Jihar Rakhine sun nuna wani soja marar tuba, wanda ba a sake fasalinsa ba kuma ba a iya lissafa shi ba yana tsoratar da fararen hula da kuma aikata laifuka a matsayin dabara ce da gangan&quot;, in ji Daraktan Yankin Amnesty na Gabas da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya.

==== Ci gaba da tashin hankali ====
A ranar 30 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2013, masu tayar da kayar baya a garin Thandwe na yammacin bakin teku sun ƙone gidaje biyu. Rikicin ya fara ne saboda jita-jita cewa wani musulmi ya yi wa wata yarinya mara shekaru fyade, ko kuma rikici tsakanin Rakhine da Musulmi trishaw. Musulmai uku sun ji rauni a cikin gobarar. An toshe hanyoyi a ciki da waje na garin kuma mai magana da yawun gwamnati ya ce 'yan sanda na Myanmar suna aiki don neman masu laifi.

A ranar 21 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, gwamnatin Biden ta ayyana cewa sojojin Myanmar sun aikata kisan kare dangi a kan 'yan tsiraru Rohingya. Sakataren Harkokin Waje [[Antony Blinken]] ya bayyana cewa Amurka ta ga shaidar da ke nuna kyakkyawar niyyar hallaka Rohingya, tare da rahotanni na kisan kai, fyade, da ƙonewa.

A ranar 4 ga watan Yulin shekarar  2022, wani mai binciken [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ya rubuta laifukan yaki da sojojin Myanmar suka yi kuma ya fitar da hotuna masu ban tsoro na kisan gillar da ake zargi da shi a yankin Sagaing. A ranar 10 ga Mayu, an kama mutane 30 bayan wani hari na soja na Myanmar a Ƙauyen Mondaingbin, a Garin Ye-U. Akalla biyar daga cikinsu daga baya sun Bayyanawa sun mutu, hannayensu a ɗaure, an harbe su daga baya. Hotuna kalilan da Rediyon Free Asia (RFA) ya samu sun ba da hujja mai banƙyama game da aikin zalunci wanda ke ƙarfafa tsarin kashe-kashen da ke ɗauke da alamun ayyukan soja.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 July 2022 |title=Myanmar Military Atrocities Laid Bare in Gruesome Footage |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/07/04/myanmar-military-atrocities-laid-bare-gruesome-footage |access-date=4 July 2022 |website=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Tsabtace kabilanci ====
Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta zargi Gwamnatin Myanmar da [[Tsabtace kabilanci]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Gruesome New Details on The Ethnic Cleansing in Myanmar No One Is Talking About |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/02/03/gruesome-new-details-on-the-ethnic-cleansing-in-myanmar-no-one-is-talking-about/ |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=Foreignpolicy.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; na yawan Rohingya da aikata laifuka da aka ba da izini na jihar kamar kisan gillar da ba a yi hukunci ba, Kisan kiyashi, &lt;ref name=&quot;theguardian.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=McPherson |first=Poppy |date=8 May 2017 |title='We must protect our country': extremist Buddhists target Mandalay's Muslims |url=https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2017/may/08/buddhist-extremists-anti-muslim-mandalay-ma-ba-tha |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=the Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Gallazawa|azabtarwa]], fyade da kuma tilasta musu gudun hijira amma Myanmar ta musanta hakan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 February 2017 |title=Myanmar may have killed 'thousands' of Rohingya Muslims |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-02-09/myanmar-may-have-killed-thousands-of-rohingya-muslims/8256344 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=Abc.net.au}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 December 2016 |title=Burma: Rohingya Recount Killings, Rape, and Arson |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2016/12/21/burma-rohingya-recount-killings-rape-and-arson |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=Hrw.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 January 2017 |title=Burma: Government Forces Implicated in Killings and Rape |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/01/12/burma-government-forces-implicated-killings-and-rape |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=Hrw.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 April 2017 |title=Suu Kyi denies Rohingya ethnic cleansing |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-39507350 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=Bbc.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 July 2017 |title=In Myanmar's hidden region, media tour takes harrowing turn when soldiers aren't watching |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-07-19/myanmar-rohingya-muslims-share-stories-violence-rakhine-state/8721978 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=Abc.net.au}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Agustan  shekarar 2017 an bayar da rahoton sabon kisan kiyashi da ƙone ƙauyukan Rohingya ta Sojojin Myanmar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 September 2017 |title=Women, children feared among scores dead in Myanmar village 'massacre' |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-09-01/reports-of-women-and-children-among-dead-in-myanmar-massacre/8862164 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=Abc.net.au}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 September 2017 |title=Rohingya children 'beheaded and burned alive' in Burma |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/rohingya-burma-myanmar-children-beheaded-burned-alive-refugees-bangladesh-a7926521.html |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=Independent.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=MacGregor |first=Fiona |date=2 September 2017 |title=Fears of mass atrocities against Rohingya civilians in Burma |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/09/02/rohingya-minority-beheaded-burned-alive-burma-army/ |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=Telegraph.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 August 2017 |title=Rohingya villages 'burned by Burmese army' in crackdown on Muslim minority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/rohingya-muslims-burma-army-burn-villages-persecute-minority-rakhine-state-a7917926.html |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=Independent.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=edition.cnn.com |title=UV: At least 30,000 Rohingya trapped in Myanmar mountains without food |url=https://unvis.it/edition.cnn.com/2017/09/04/asia/rohingya-refugees-myanmar-military/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904204839/https://unvis.it/edition.cnn.com/2017/09/04/asia/rohingya-refugees-myanmar-military/index.html |archive-date=4 September 2017 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=unv.is/}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekara ta 2020 Yanghee Lee, mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ga Myanmar, ya bayyana cewa an ƙarfafa Tatmadaw ta hanyar ƙarin iko da aka ba su a lokacin annobar coronavirus.

A cikin shekarata  2022, Sakataren Harkokin Waje na Amurka ya yanke shawarar cewa mambobin sojojin Burma sun aikata kisan kare dangi da laifuka a kan bil'adama a kan mutanen Rohingya. An kiyasta Rohingya miliyan 1.6 sun gudu zuwa Bangladesh, Thailand da Indiya; a ƙarshen shekarar  2022, UNHCR ta ba da rahoton cewa ana tsare kusan Rohingya 148,000 a sansanonin ƙaura a ƙasar.&lt;ref name=&quot;US2022&quot; /&gt;

Bincike da [[Amnesty International|Afuwa ta ƙasa da kasa]] ta jagoranta ya kammala cewa hare-haren da sojojin Myanmar suka yi a watan Maris / Afrilu, shekara ta 2020, sun kashe fararen hula ciki har da yara. A cewar shaidu, sojoji na Myanmar sun tsare fararen hula da gangan saboda zargin da ake yi da Sojojin Arakan. Sojoji sun azabtar da wadanda aka tsare kuma sun yi musu duka. An yanke Intanet sama da shekara guda a yankin da ke rikici. An hana fararen hula taimakon jin kai kan annobar COVID-19. Amnesty ta kuma bayar da rahoton lalacewa da ƙone ƙauyuka a cikin Rakhine da Chin State.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 July 2020 |title=Myanmar: Indiscriminate airstrikes kill civilians as Rakhine conflict worsens |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/07/myanmar-indiscriminate-airstrikes-kill-civilians-rakhine/ |access-date=8 July 2020 |website=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Zarge-zargen kisan kare dangi da laifuka a kan mutanen Rohingya ====
[[Fayil:Displaced_Rohingya_people_in_Rakhine_State_(8280610831).jpg|alt=|thumb|Mutanen Rohingya da suka rasa muhallinsu na Myanmar &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 December 2012 |title=Trapped inside Myanmar's refugee camps, the Rohingya people call for recognition |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/dec/20/Myanmar-rohingya-muslim-refugee-camps |access-date=10 February 2015 |website=The Guardian}}{{Dead link|date=September 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Mutanen Rohingya sun fuskanci cin zarafin 'yancin ɗan adam daga gwamnatin Burma wacce ta ki amincewa da su a matsayin' yan ƙasar Burma (duk da cewa wasu daga cikinsu sun zauna a Burma sama da ƙarni uku) - an hana Rohingya zama ɗan ƙasar Burma tun lokacin da aka kafa dokar zama ɗan ƙasa ta Shekarar 1982. Gwamnatin Burma ta yi ƙoƙari ta kori Rohingya da karfi kuma ta kawo wadanda ba Rohingya ba don maye gurbin su  - wannan manufofin ya haifar da fitar da kusan rabin 800,000  Rohingya daga Burma, yayin da aka bayyana mutanen Rohingya a matsayin &quot;daga cikin wadanda ba a so a duniya&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;South East Asia pg. 342&quot; /&gt; da kuma &quot;ɗaya daga cikin 'yan tsiraru da aka fi tsanantawa a duniya&quot;    

Ba a yarda Rohingya su yi tafiya ba tare da izinin hukuma ba, an hana su mallakar ƙasa, kuma ana buƙatar su sanya hannu kan alkawarin ba za su sami yara fiye da biyu ba. Ya zuwa watan Yulin Shekarar 2012, gwamnatin Myanmar ba ta haɗa da ƙungiyar 'yan tsiraru ta Rohingya ba - an rarraba su a matsayin Musulmai na Bengali marasa kasa daga Bangladesh tun daga shekara ta 1982 - a cikin jerin sunayen kabilun gwamnati sama da 130 kuma, sabili da haka, gwamnati ta bayyana cewa ba su da'awar zama ɗan ƙasar Myanmar.

Tun lokacin da aka fara sauyin mulkin demokraɗiyya a shekara ta 2011, an ci gaba da tashin hankali yayin da aka kashe mutane 280 kuma aka tilasta wa 140,000 su gudu daga gidajensu a jihar Rakhine a shekara ta 2014. Wani wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya ba da rahoton a watan Maris na shekara ta 2013 cewa tashin hankali ya sake tashi tsakanin al'ummomin [[Buddha]] da [[Musulmi]] na Myanmar, tare da tashin hankali da ke yaduwa zuwa garuruwan da ke kusa da Yangon.

== 'Yanci na magana da' yancin siyasa ==
Wani rahoto na [[Amnesty International|Afuwa ta ƙasa da kasa]] na shekarar  2004 ya bayyana cewa, tsakanin shekara ta  1989 da Shekarar  2004, an daure fursunonin siyasa sama da 1,300 bayan shari'o'i marasa adalci. Fursunoni, ciki har da shugabannin National League for Democracy (NLD) Aung San Suu Kyi da U Tin Oo, &quot;an hana su 'yancin su ba bisa ka'ida ba don ayyukan zaman lafiya waɗanda ba za a ɗauka la'akari da laifuka a ƙarƙashin dokar kasa da kasa ba&quot;, Amnesty International ta yi ikirarin.

Rahoton Freedom House ya lura cewa hukumomi suna bincika gidajen 'yan ƙasa, suna tsayar da wasiku, da kuma saka idanu kan tattaunawar tarho, kuma cewa mallaka da amfani da wayoyi, injunan fax, kwamfutoci, modems, da software suna da laifi.

A cewar Kungiyar Taimako don fursunonin siyasa (Burma), akwai fursunonin siyasa 1,547 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=List of Political Prisoners in Burma in 2008 |url=http://aappb.org/prisoners1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902223936/http://www.aappb.org/prisoners1.html |archive-date=2 September 2011 |access-date=12 January 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; a Burma - adadin ya ninka sau biyu daga 1,100 a Shekara ta 2006 zuwa 2,123 a shekarar 2008. Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2013, akwai fursunonin siyasa 176 a cikin kurkuku na Burma.

Ana iya tsare fursunonin siyasa a kan tuhume-tuhumen da ba su da alaƙa da siyasa, suna rikitar da shari'ar sakin su. Misali, 'yan sanda sun tsare memba na Sojojin Democrat na kasa kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin ƙasa [[Daw Bauk Ja]] saboda rashin kulawar likita a shekarar 2013, kodayake tsarewar ta danganta da mutuwar a shekara ta 2008, wanda dangin marigayin suka janye a shekarar 2010. Ta yi takarar zabe a shekara ta 2010 kuma ta yi yakin neman zabe a kan madatsar ruwan Myitsone kuma ta dauki Kamfanin Yuzana zuwa kotu don kwace ƙasar da ta yi a yankin Hukawng Valley na Jihar Kachin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Actions: No Political Prisoner Left Behind. Free Buak Ja |url=http://www.burmacampaign.org.uk/index.php/campaigns/actions/free-political-prisoners/no-political-prisoner-left-behind |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112112459/http://www.burmacampaign.org.uk/index.php/campaigns/actions/free-political-prisoners/no-political-prisoner-left-behind |archive-date=12 November 2013 |access-date=7 November 2013 |publisher=Burma Campaign UK}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 'Yanci na' yan jarida ===
Gwamnati ce ke kula da kafofin watsa labarai na Burma sosai. Jaridu, mujallu da sauran wallafe-wallafen suna gudana a ƙarƙashin Ma'aikatar Bayanai kuma suna fuskantar babban tantancewa kafin bugawa. 'Yan jarida suna fuskantar mummunar sakamako don sukar jami'an gwamnati, manufofi, ko ma bayar da rahoto game da zargi. An sauƙaƙa ƙuntatawa kan tantancewar kafofin watsa labarai a watan Agustan shekarar  2012 biyo bayan zanga-zangar da daruruwan masu zanga-zambe suka yi da riguna suna buƙatar gwamnati &quot;Stop Killing the Press&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;DB&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roughneen |first=Simon |date=15 August 2012 |title=MediaShift. In Burma, a Delicate Balance for New Freedoms of Speech |url=https://www.pbs.org/mediashift/2012/08/in-burma-a-delicate-balance-for-new-freedoms-of-speech228.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126224043/http://www.pbs.org/mediashift/2012/08/in-burma-a-delicate-balance-for-new-freedoms-of-speech228.html |archive-date=26 November 2012 |access-date=20 November 2012 |publisher=PBS}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Babban canji ya zo ne a cikin hanyar da kungiyoyin yada labarai ba za su sake gabatar da abubuwan da suke ciki ga kwamitin tantancewa ba kafin a buga su, duk da haka, kamar yadda wani edita a cikin 'yan jarida da ke gudun hijira ''Irrawaddy'' ya bayyana, wannan sabon &quot;yanci&quot; ya sa wasu' yan jarida na Burma su ga sabon doka kawai su ga ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar yanayin tantance kansu kamar yadda' yan jaridu &quot;ana buƙatar tabbatar da su bi jagororin 16 don kare abubuwan da suka haifar da kasa guda uku - rashin rushewar Tarayyar, rashin hadin kai na kasa, ba da kuma ba su da kuma ba za su ba su ba su da ka' yan jaridar su ba su dace ba su ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;DB&quot;/&gt;

A ranar 3 ga watan Satumban shekara ta 2018 kotun Myanmar ta yanke wa 'yan jarida biyu na Burma da ke aiki a Reuters hukuncin shekaru bakwai a kurkuku bisa zargin kare asirin jihar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 September 2018 |title=The Crushing of the Free Press in Myanmar |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2018/09/06/crushing-free-press-myanmar}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Agustan shekarar  2019, kotun Myanmar ta yanke wa wani mai shirya fina-finai hukuncin shekara guda a kurkuku tare da aiki tuƙuru saboda sukar sojoji a Facebook.

An kama wani mai shirya fina-finai na Burma, Min Htin Ko Gyi, a ranar 12 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta  2019 kuma an tuhume shi a hukumance a karkashin sashi na 505 (a) na Dokar Shari'a ta Myanmar a ranar 1 ga watan Agustan shekarar 2019, don ɗaurin kurkuku na shekara guda kan zargin sukar Sojojin Myanmar a cikin sakon [[Fezbuk|Facebook]]. Min Htin Ko Gyi kuma ita ce ta kafa Cibiyar Fim ta Dignity Film (HDFI) da kuma Human Rights, Human Dignity International Film Festival . Nicholas Bequelin Darakta na Gabas da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya a Amnesty, ya yi Allah wadai da hukuncin kuma ya kira shi 'mummunan' la'akari da cututtukan kiwon lafiya masu tsanani da Min Htin Ko Gyi ke fama da su, daya daga cikinsu shine ciwon hanta wanda ke buƙatar magani na kwararru.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 August 2019 |title=Myanmar: Filmmaker sentenced to one year in prison for Facebook post |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2019/08/myanmar-filmmaker-jailed-facebook-post/ |access-date=29 August 2019 |publisher=Amnesty International}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 19 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 2020, HRW ta bukaci gwamnatin Myanmar da ta kawo karshen rufe intanet na tsawon shekara guda, wanda ya shafi fiye da mutane miliyan daya da ke zaune a yankin rikici. HRW ta ambaci ma'aikatan jin kai da ke nuna cewa wasu ƙauyuka ba su san annobar coronavirus ba, saboda rufe intanet da kuma saboda an hana ma'aikatan agaji shiga ƙauyuka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 June 2020 |title=Myanmar: End World's Longest Internet Shutdown |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/06/19/myanmar-end-worlds-longest-internet-shutdown |access-date=19 June 2020 |website=Human Rights Watch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin yara ==
A cewar Human Rights Watch, &lt;ref&gt;[http://hrw.org/reports/2002/burma/ &quot;MY GUN WAS AS TALL AS ME&quot;] ''&quot;My Gun Was as Tall as Me&quot; : Child Soldiers in Burma], Human Rights Watch, October 2002, {{ISBN|1-56432-279-3}}''&lt;/ref&gt; daukar ma'aikata da satar yara cikin soja ya zama ruwan dare. An kiyasta 70,000 daga cikin sojoji 350,000-400,000 na kasar yara ne. Har ila yau, akwai rahotanni da yawa game da yawan [[aikin yara]].

=== Yara sojoji ===
Yara sojoji suna da kuma ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin Sojojin Burma da kuma ƙungiyoyin 'yan tawaye na Burma. Jaridar Independent ta ruwaito a watan Yunin shekarar 2012 cewa &quot;Ana sayar da yara a matsayin masu shiga soja a cikin sojojin Burma don kusan $ 40 da jaka na shinkafa ko gwangwani na man fetur. &quot;  Wakilin Musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Sakatare-Janar na Yara da Rikicin Makamai, Radhika Coomaraswamy, wanda ya sauka daga matsayinta mako guda bayan haka, ya sadu da wakilan Gwamnatin Myanmar a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekarar  2012 kuma ya bayyana cewa tana fatan sanya hannu kan shirin aiki zai &quot;auniyar canji&quot;.

A watan Satumbar shekarar 2012 Sojojin Burma sun saki yara 42 kuma Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya ta sadu da wakilan gwamnati da Sojojin Independence na Kachin don tabbatar da sakin karin yara. A cewar Samantha Power, tawagar Amurka ta tayar da batun yara sojoji tare da gwamnati a watan Oktoban shekarar 2012. Koyaya, ba ta yi sharhi game da ci gaban gwamnati zuwa ga sake fasalin a wannan yanki ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;SH&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Samantha Power |date=9 November 2012 |title=Supporting Human Rights in Burma |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2012/11/09/supporting-human-rights-burma |access-date=20 November 2012 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |via=[[NARA|National Archives]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kashewa da fyade da aka amince da shi ==
Wani rahoto na shekarar  2002 da Gidauniyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Shan da The Shan Women's Action Network, Lasisi don Rape, ya ba da cikakken bayani game da abubuwan 173 da suka faru na fyade da sauran nau'ikan tashin hankali na jima'i, wanda ya shafi 'yan mata da mata 625, waɗanda sojojin Tatmadaw (Sojojin Burma) suka aikata a Jihar Shan, galibi tsakanin shekara ta  1996 da Shekarar  2001. Marubutan sun lura cewa adadi na iya zama ƙasa da gaskiyar. A cewar rahoton, &quot;tsarin soja na Burma yana ba da izinin dakarunta a hankali kuma a kan sikelin da ya yadu don yin fyade ba tare da hukuntawa ba don tsoratar da kuma mamaye kabilun Shan. &quot; Bugu da ƙari, rahoton ya bayyana cewa &quot;25% na fyade sun haifar da mutuwa, a wasu abubuwan da suka faru tare da gawawwakin da aka nuna wa al'ummomin yankin da gangan; an yi wa mata fyade a cikin sansanonin soja, kuma a wasu lokuta mata da aka yi wa masu tayar da alhakin cewa an yi wa masu zanga-zangar gwamnati rahoton cewa an yi musu fyade a lokuta ne da alhaken nan da yawa.

Wani rahoto na shekarar 2003 &quot;Babu Matsayi Mai Tsaro: Sojojin Burma da Rape of Ethnic Women&quot; na [[Yan Gudun Hijira Na Duniya|'Yan Gudun Hijira na Duniya]] ya kara da rubuce-rubuce game da yaduwar amfani da fyade da sojojin Burma suka yi don zaluntar mata daga kabilun kabilun daban-daban guda biyar.

Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam kamar Amnesty International sun kuma bayar da rahoton azabtar da fursunoni akai-akai, gami da fursunonin siyasa.

=== Bautar da fataucin mutane ===
{{Asia in topic|Human rights in}}Ana yin aikin tilastawa da fataucin mutane a Myanmar.[1] Fataucin mutane yana faruwa galibi ga matan da ba su da aikin yi kuma ba su da kuɗi kaɗan. Dillalai sun yaudare su da cewa akwai mafi kyawun dama da albashi a kasashen waje[2]. A cikin shekarata 2017, gwamnati ta ba da rahoton shari'o'in fataucin mutane 185. Gwamnatin Burma ba ta da wani yunƙuri na kawar da fataucin mutane. Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta ba da rahoton cewa duka gwamnati da Tatmadaw suna da hannu a cikin jima'i da fataucin aiki.[3] Mata da 'yan mata daga dukkan kabilu da kuma baki sun sha fama da safarar jima'i a Myanmar. [4] Ana tilasta musu yin karuwanci, aure ko masu juna biyu.[4][5] Fataucin jima'i a Myanmar yana haifar da abubuwa kamar rikice-rikice na cikin gida, rashin zaman lafiya na siyasa, kwace filaye, [6] rashin kula da iyakoki, [7] [8] da takunkumin gwamnati game da ba da takaddun balaguro.[4]

Masana'antar cyber-scam a yankunan iyaka na Myanmar ta haɗa da fataucin mutane, tilasta aiki da sauran cin zarafi.&lt;ref name=&quot;MC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 October 2023 |title=Myanmar's cyber-scam industry limps on amid regional crackdown |url=https://www.frontiermyanmar.net/en/myanmars-cyber-scam-industry-limps-on-amid-regional-crackdown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231205145610/https://www.frontiermyanmar.net/en/myanmars-cyber-scam-industry-limps-on-amid-regional-crackdown/ |archive-date=5 December 2023 |access-date=29 November 2023 |website=[[Frontier Myanmar]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin cibiyoyin zamba suna cikin yankunan da ke ƙarƙashin ikon abokan hulɗa kamar Sojojin Tsaro na Yankin . &lt;ref name=&quot;MC&quot; /&gt; A watan Agustan shekarar 2023, wani rahoto daga [[Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Ƴancin Dan Adam|Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam]] ya lura cewa akalla mutane 120,000 a Myanmar sun makale a cikin irin waɗannan cibiyoyin ta hanyar' yan bindiga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 October 2023 |title=#trending: Chinese netizens afraid of Southeast Asia travel after hit movie No More Bets shows human trafficking scams |url=https://www.todayonline.com/world/no-more-bets-movie-chinese-tourists-2271816 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231205145607/https://www.todayonline.com/world/no-more-bets-movie-chinese-tourists-2271816 |archive-date=5 December 2023 |access-date=29 November 2023 |website=[[Today (Singapore newspaper)]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kasuwancin kwayar halitta ==
Sojojin sun mamaye Myanmar a shekarar 2021. Binciken shekara guda da [[CNN]] ta gudanar ya nuna cewa rabin yawan mutanen Myanmar miliyan 54 suna rayuwa a kasa da layin talauci. Wannan yana motsa da yawa daga cikinsu zuwa matakai masu tsananin gaske kamar cinikin gabobin kan layi. Wannan aikin da ba bisa ka'ida ba na sayar da gabobin su na iya samun su biyan kuɗi daidai da albashi na shekaru biyu. Mutane da yawa suna tallata gabobin da suke so su ba da gudummawa a kan kafofin sada zumunta, wannan tsari ne mara iyaka yayin da iyalai ke samun kansu a kan layi don cinikin gabobin su yayin da kudi ya ƙare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rebane |first=Teele |date=30 August 2024 |title=Myanmar's poorest are so desperate they're turning to social media to sell their kidneys |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/08/30/asia/myanmar-organ-selling-coup-poverty-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=1 September 2024 |website=CNN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &amp;nbsp;

== Aiki ==

=== Aikin tilasta ===
A cewar Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya ta 'Yancin Kwadago, dubban maza, mata, yara da tsofaffi sun tilasta su yi aiki ba tare da son rai ba ta hanyar gwamnati. Mutanen da suka ƙi aiki na iya zama wadanda aka azabtar, fyade ko kisan kai. Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya ta ci gaba da kira Burma da ta kawo karshen aikin tilasta aiki tun daga shekarun 1960. A watan Yunin 2000, Taron ILO ya amince da ƙuduri da ke kira ga gwamnatoci da su dakatar da duk wata dangantaka da kasar da za ta iya taimaka wa junta don ci gaba da amfani da aikin tilas.

=== Hakkin tsara aiki ===
An dakatar da kungiyoyin kwadago lokacin da Janar Ne Win ya zo mulki a shekarar 1962. A cikin shekara ta 2010, a cikin kira mai yawa don sake fasalin dokokin ma'aikata, an dauki matakin masana'antu ba bisa ka'ida ba a masana'antun tufafi da yawa a Rangoon, wanda ya haifar da damuwa a matakin gwamnati.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Burma Rejects Labor Union Application |url=http://irrawaddy.org/article.php?art_id=18796 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425064409/http://www2.irrawaddy.org/article.php?art_id=18796 |archive-date=25 April 2012 |access-date=17 October 2011 |website=The Irrawaddy website}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2011, an ba da sanarwar cewa sabuwar doka ta ba da izini ga ƙungiyoyin kwadago.

=== Inganta haƙƙin aiki ===
Gwamnatin Myanmar da Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya, tare da Amurka, Japan da Denmark, sun kaddamar da wani shiri a shekarar 2014 don inganta ci gaban hakki da aiki a Myanmar.

== Shari'ar da ta gabata da shari'o'in mutum ==

=== Shekaru na 1990 ===
A cikin wata shari'a mai mahimmanci, wasu kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam sun kai karar kamfanin Unocal, wanda a baya aka sani da Union Oil of California kuma yanzu wani ɓangare na Chevron Corporation. Sun zargi cewa tun farkon shekarun 1990s, Unocal ya haɗu da masu mulkin kama karya a Burma don juya dubban 'yan ƙasa zuwa bayi masu kama da juna. Unocal, kafin a sayi shi, ya bayyana cewa ba su da ilimi ko alaƙa da waɗannan ayyukan da ake zargi duk da cewa ya ci gaba da aiki a Burma. An yi imanin cewa wannan shine karo na farko da aka gurfanar da kamfani na Amurka a kotun Amurka bisa la'akari da cewa kamfanin ya keta haƙƙin ɗan adam a wata ƙasa.

=== Shekarun  2000 ===
Rahoton yancin a Duniya na shekarar 2004 na Freedom House ya lura cewa &quot;Junta ta yi mulki ta hanyar doka, tana kula da shari'a, tana hana duk hakkoki na asali, kuma tana cin zarafin bil'adama ba tare da hukunci ba. Jami'an soja suna riƙe da dukkan mukamai na majalisa, kuma jami'ai masu aiki ko masu ritaya suna riƙe da duk manyan mukamai a duk ma'aikatu. An ruwaito cin hanci da rashawa na hukuma yana da yawa a matakin mafi girma da na gida. &quot;

Brad Adams, darektan sashen Human Rights Watch na Asiya, a cikin jawabin Shekarar 2004 ya bayyana halin da ake ciki na haƙƙin ɗan adam a cikin ƙasar kamar yadda yake da ban tsoro: &quot;Burma misali ne na littafin koyarwa na jihar 'yan sanda. Masu ba da labari da' yan leƙen asirin gwamnati suna ko'ina. Mutanen Burmese suna jin tsoron yin magana da baƙi sai dai a mafi yawan halaye saboda tsoron a kai su daga baya don yin tambayoyi ko mafi muni. Babu 'yancin magana, taro ko ƙungiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Statement to the EU Development Committee (Human Rights Watch, 30-8-2004) |url=http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/09/01/burma9290.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060620074005/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/09/01/burma9290.htm |archive-date=20 June 2006 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=hrw.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga 2005 zuwa 2007 kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu sun gano cewa cin zarafi na 'yancin ɗan adam ya haɗa da rashi na shari'a mai zaman kanta, ƙuntatawa akan samun damar Intanet ta hanyar yin amfani da software, [1] [2] cewa tilasta yin aiki, fataucin bil'adama, da aikin yara sun kasance na kowa, [3] kuma an yi amfani da cin zarafin jima'i a matsayin kayan sarrafawa, ciki har da fyade na yau da kullum da kuma daukar nauyin bayin jima'i. Ƙungiya mai fafutukar tabbatar da dimokraɗiyya ta mata ta kafu a gudun hijira, galibi a kan iyakar Thailand da Chiang Mai. Har ila yau, an ce ana ci gaba da fafutukar kare hakkin mata a duniya.[4]

A cikin sanarwar manema labarai a ranar 16 ga watan  Disamba, shekara ta  2005 Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta ce shigar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Burma tana da mahimmanci  kuma ta lissafa miyagun ƙwayoyi, cin zarafin bil'adama da cin zarafin siyasa a matsayin manyan matsalolin da Majalisar Dinkinobho ke buƙatar magance su.&lt;ref name=&quot;IB&quot; /&gt;

A cewar masu kare hakkin dan adam da masu gabatar da hakkin dan adam (HRDP), a ranar 18 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2007, da yawa daga cikin mambobinta (Myint Aye, Maung Maung Lay, Tin Maung Oo da Yin Kyi) kusan mutane ɗari ne suka sadu da su karkashin jagorancin wani jami'in yankin, U Nyunt Oo, kuma suka buge su. Saboda harin, Myint Hlaing da Maung Maung Lay sun ji mummunan rauni kuma daga baya aka kwantar da su a asibiti. HRDP ta yi zargin cewa hukumomi sun amince da wannan harin kuma sun yi alkawarin daukar mataki na shari'a. An kafa [[Human Rights Defenders and Promoters|Masu kare haƙƙin ɗan adam da masu gabatar da su]] a cikin shekarata 2002 don wayar da kan jama'ar Burma game da haƙƙin ɗanɗansu

=== Shekarun 2010 ===
A watan Afrilun 2019, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta nada wani mai shigar da kara na Amurka a matsayin shugaban wata tawaga mai zaman kanta da za ta binciki take hakkin bil adama a jihar Rakhine mai fama da rikici a Myanmar, da ke mai da hankali kan cin zarafin da aka yi wa Musulman Rohingya. Sai dai jam'iyyar siyasa mai mulkin Myanmar National League for Democracy ta ki amincewa da sabon tsarin binciken Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.[1]

=== Shekarun  2020 ===
A ranar 14 ga watan Agustan shekarar 2022, Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam Michelle Bachelet ya fara ziyarar hukuma ta kwana hudu zuwa [[Bangladesh]]. Wannan ita ce ziyarar farko ta hukuma ta Babban Jami'in Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya zuwa kasar. Ms. Bachelet za ta je Cox's Bazar inda za ta iya ziyartar sansanonin da ke kula da 'yan gudun hijira na Rohingya daga [[Myanmar]] kuma ta sadu da' yan gudun hijira.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 August 2022 |title=UN rights chief in Bangladesh, to visit Rohingya camps |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2022/aug/14/un-rights-chief-in-bangladesh-to-visit-rohingya-camps-2487515.html |access-date=2022-08-14 |website=The New Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=UN Human Rights Chief to visit Bangladesh, including Cox's Bazar, 14–17 August |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/media-advisories/2022/08/un-human-rights-chief-visit-bangladesh-including-coxs-bazar-14-17-august |access-date=2022-08-14 |website=OHCHR |language=en |via=Press Release}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==
* Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Myanmar
* Tsayar da Intanet a Myanmar
* [[Haƙƙin Mata a Myanmar|'Yancin mata a Myanmar]]
* 'Yanci na addini a Myanmar
* Hakkin LGBT a Myanmar
* Laifukan yaki a lokacin yakin basasar Myanmar (2021-yanzu) 
* Burma VJ
* Cibiyar Burma Prague

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}} 

== Haɗin waje ==

* Burmese soldiers target Christians in recent attacks – 2 November, 2011[usurped]
* [https://www.hrw.org/asia/burma Human Rights Watch: Burma]
* [http://www.burmacampaign.org.uk Burma Campaign UK]
* [http://www.burma-center.org/en/publications/reports/ Collection of reports on issues in Burma, maintained by Burma Center Prague]
* [https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/asa16/007/2004/en/ Amnesty International report on prisoners of conscience]
* [http://www.icftu.org/focus.asp?Issue=Burma&amp;Language=EN International Confederation of Free Trade Unions' Burma Campaign]
* Freedom House's Burma ratings[usurped]
* Minorities in Burma[usurped] and [http://www.minorityrights.org/1022/reports/burma-myanmar-time-for-change.html Burma: Time for Change] by Minority Rights Group International
* Licence to rape[usurped], a report on the Burmese military regime's use of sexual violence in Shan State, by The Shan Human Rights Foundation and The Shan Women's Action Network
* [http://www.khrg.org Karen Human Rights Group], Documenting the voices of villagers in rural Burma
* Refugees International on Burmese refugees[usurped]
* [http://www.burmaproject.org/ Burma Project] (Open Society Institute)
* [http://www.freeburmacoalition.org/ The Free Burma Coalition]
* Censorship in Burma[usurped]: [[International Freedom of Expression Exchange|IFEX]]
* [http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/11/16/opinion/edburma.php# Focus on Myanmar] The Boston Globe.   16 November 2005
* Burma Labour Solidarity Organisation[usurped]
* [http://burma.ahrchk.net Asian Human Rights Commission – Burma homepage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905152308/http://burma.ahrchk.net/ |date=2011-09-05 }}
* Rule of Lords[usurped] Weekly column on human rights &amp; the rule of law in Burma &amp; Thailand
* Chin Human Rights Organization[usurped]
* [http://www.justiceinburma.com Human Rights abuse in Burma reported on by Guy Horton] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017195855/http://www.justiceinburma.com/ |date=2021-10-17 }}
* [https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?year=2012&amp;dlid=204190 Burma 2012 Human Rights Report] United States Department of State 
{{Asia in topic|Human rights in}} 
[[Rukuni:Yancin Dan Adam]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Zhenotdel</title>
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      <text bytes="5556" sha1="l0vuf2d15mczcty4z0qkswgus1uuk6g" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}[[Fayil:I._Nivinskiy_-_Women,_Go_into_Cooperatives_(1918)_2.jpeg|thumb|{{Interlanguage link|Ignati Nivinski|ru|Нивинский, Игнатий Игнатьевич}} - &quot;Mata, Ku shiga cikin Haɗin gwiwa&quot; (1918)]]
[[Fayil:Première_réunion_du_jenotdel_de_l'Amour_(1920).jpg|thumb|Taron Zhenotdel a yankin Amur, 1920]]
[[Fayil:Касимовский_женотдел.jpg|thumb|Kasimov Zhenotdel, 1925]]
[[Fayil:Premier_cours_de_cadres_femmes_en_Tchouvachie._(1925).gif|thumb|Membobin yankin Chuvash mai cin gashin kansa na Zhenotdel, 1925]]
The '''Zhenotdel'''  ( Russian  ,  ), sashen mata na kwamitin tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta All-Russian (Bolsheviks), shi ne sashe na jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Rasha mai sadaukar da kai ga harkokin mata a cikin 1920s. Ya ba wa mata a juyin juya halin Rasha sabbin dama har sai da aka narkar da shi a shekara ta 1930.

== Tarihi ==
An kafa Zhenotdel da wasu [[October Revolution|ƴan juyin juya hali]] [[Feminism|na mata]] biyu [[Russians|na Rasha]] [[Alexandra Kollontai]] da [[Inessa Armand|Inesa Armand]] a shekara ta 1919. An dukufa wajen inganta yanayin rayuwar mata a duk faɗin tarayyar Soviet, da yaƙi da jahilci, da ilimantar da mata game da sabon dokokin aure, ilimi, da aiki da [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Tarayyar Soviet]] ta kafa. A yankin tsakiyar Asiya na Tarayyar Soviet, Zhenotdel ya kuma jagoranci kokarin inganta rayuwar mata musulmi ta hanyar kamfen na karantarwa da karantarwa, da kuma kamfen na &quot;rushe lullubi&quot;. 

Zhenotdel ya rinjayi Bolshevik da su halatta zubar da ciki a Rasha, kasa ta farko da ta yi hakan, a watan Nuwamba 1920. Wannan shi ne karo na farko a tarihi da mata ke da hakkin zubar da ciki kyauta a asibitocin jihohi. 

== Ci gaban farko ==
A cikin 1906, Kollontai yayi ƙoƙari ya tsara mata a cikin wata ƙungiya ta daban a cikin Rasha Social Democratic Party, don tattauna batutuwan da suka fuskanta a gida da kuma wurin aiki. An gamu da wannan rashin jituwa yayin da yawancin masu daukar ma'aikata ke kallon ma'aikatan mata a matsayin &quot;masu koma baya&quot;, kuma ana amfani da su ne kawai a matsayin aiki mai arha don cin zarafi yadda ake so a wurin aiki. &lt;ref name=&quot;Goldman_1996&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Goldman |first=Wendy Z. |date=1996 |title=Industrial Politics, Peasant Rebellion and the Death of the Proletarian Women's Movement in the USSR |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2500978 |journal=[[Slavic Review]] |volume=55 |issue=1 |pages=46–77 |doi=10.2307/2500978 |issn=0037-6779 |jstor=2500978 |s2cid=155457291 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Juyin Halitta ==
Ƙirƙirar [[New Economic Policy|NEP]] a farkon shekarun 1920 ya haifar da sauye-sauye a cikin damuwa na jam'iyyun zuwa masana'antu da kuma samar da ƙwararrun ma'aikata waɗanda ke da aminci ga [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] . Sun sanya al'amuran mata a matsayin fifiko na biyu saboda shugabancin maza yana ganin aikin cikin gida bai amfanar masana'antu ba. Jam’iyyar ta yi tsauri sosai kan kashe kudade a cikin jama’a saboda [[Russian Civil War|yakin basasa]] ya haifar da yunwa da fatara a karkara da kuma rashin aikin yi a tsakanin mata. Zhenotdel ta fara rikidewa daga yin aiki ga takamaiman batutuwan mata, zuwa kayan aikin da jam'iyyar ta yi amfani da ita don ciyar da manufofinta. &lt;ref name=&quot;Clements_19922&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Clements |first=Barbara Evans |date=1992 |title=The Utopianism of the Zhenotdel |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2500056 |journal=[[Slavic Review]] |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=485–496 |doi=10.2307/2500056 |issn=0037-6779 |jstor=2500056 |s2cid=147565826 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akida ==
Kafin juyin juya halin, Bolsheviks ya yi imanin cewa kafa ƙungiyar mata daban zai inganta ra'ayoyin mata da kuma ciyar da albarkatun kasa. Wannan ya hana wasu tsofaffin matan Bolshevik amincewa da kafa daular Zhenotdel saboda suna tunanin zai hana juyin juya halin proletariat daya. &lt;ref name=&quot;Goldman_1996&quot;/&gt;

== Rushewa ==
Lokacin da [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]] ya hau kan karagar mulki kuma ya sauƙaƙa [[Five-year plans of the Soviet Union|shirin na shekaru biyar]], da farko ma'aikatan Zhenotdel sun yi fatan cewa [[Collectivization in the Soviet Union|tattarawa]] zai kai ga samar da gidaje na jama'a da kula da yara da suka kasance suna faɗa. Ko da yake jam'iyyar a hukumance ta goyi bayan aikin Zhenotdel, amma sun kasa daidaita kan yadda ya kamata su tsara yadda ya kamata, tun da rashin jituwa tsakanin mata da 'yan jam'iyyar na cikin gida ya kawo cikas ga wanzuwar kungiyar. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Hayden |first=Carol Eubanks |date=1 January 1976 |title=The Zhenotdel and the Bolshevik Party |url=https://www.schoeningh.de/view/journals/ruhi/3/1/article-p150_9.xml |journal=[[Russian History (Brill journal)|Russian History]] |language=en |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=150–173 |doi=10.1163/187633176X00099 |issn=1876-3316 |url-access=subscription |access-date=11 August 2025 |archive-date=2 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102012108/https://www.schoeningh.de/view/journals/ruhi/3/1/article-p150_9.xml |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tsofaffin ma'aikatan Zhenotdel sun ƙare sun kasance masu ƙarfin gwiwa don rugujewar Zhenotdel. 'Yan jam'iyyar na gida sun fara tunanin cewa ya kamata mata su dauki nauyin abubuwan da suka shafi ayyukan zamantakewa. Mata da yawa sun so, maimakon su shiga aikin jam'iyya gaba ɗaya kuma suna jin cewa wannan rabon aiki ɗaya ne da ake yi a gida. &lt;ref name=&quot;Goldman_1996&quot;/&gt;

== Manazarta ==

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      <text bytes="7251" sha1="96oj9cmf49ga1e0j2walkwxjl3171wc" xml:space="preserve">'''Ƙungiyar Jami'o'i ta Turai kan Jama'a, Kimiyya da Fasaha''' ('''ESST''') ƙungiya ce ta jami'o'in da ke koyarwa da bincike tare a fagen zamantakewa, kimiyya da ci gaban fasaha. Jami'o'i daga ko'ina cikin Turai mambobi ne na ƙungiyar, wanda aka kafa a 1991 kuma an yi rajista a matsayin ƙungiyar da ba ta da riba a Belgium. An kafa kungiyar ne don karfafa ilimi da bincike a Nazarin Kimiyya da Fasaha (STS) . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ESST – European Studies of Society, Science, and Technology International Master Programme |url=http://esst.eu/ |access-date=2023-01-26 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka da halaye ==
ESST tana gudanar da shirin koyarwa da bincike wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga Nazarin kimiyya da fasaha, a cikin tarihin tarihi da na zamani. Shirin na ESST yana da alaƙa da ƙwarewa tare da sha'awa mai ƙarfi a cikin haɗuwa da kimiyya da fasaha tare da manufofin jama'a, canjin al'adu, da ci gaban tattalin arziki. 

Shirin ESST na kasa da kasa ne a cikin hangen nesa: kamfani ne na al'adu da yawa wanda ya samo asali ne daga koyarwa, bincike da al'adun kimiyya na yankuna da kasashe da yawa na Turai, da kuma kwarewar zamantakewar su. Jami'o'in sun haɓaka shirin karatun digiri na cibiyar sadarwa wanda ke mai da hankali kan ci gaban zamantakewa, kimiyya da fasaha a Turai, wanda suke koyarwa tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da juna. Wannan ya haɗa da musayar ɗalibai da ma'aikata daga jami'o'in da suka halarci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History of the Association – ESST |url=http://esst.eu/history-of-the-association/ |access-date=2023-01-26 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Digirin Jagora na ESST ==
Kungiyar ESST tana ba da shirin Jagora &quot;Society, Science and Technology in Europe&quot; kuma tana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban albarkatun bayanai da ra'ayoyin nazari da ƙwarewa ga masu bincike da ɗalibai a fagen kimiyya, canjin fasaha da kirkire-kirkire. An tsara shirin ne don samar da horo na digiri na biyu ga malamai daga dukkan fannoni: Kimiyya ta Jama'a, Kimiyya ta Halitta, Injiniya da Humanities.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Programme Aim and Educational Structure – ESST |url=http://esst.eu/programme-aim-and-educational-structure/ |access-date=2023-01-26 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PManufar shirin ===
Babban manufar MA ESST ita ce samar da masu bincike na gaba, masu ba da shawara kan kirkire-kirkire, manajojin bincike da masu tsara manufofi tare da zurfin fahimta game da alaƙar da ke tsakanin bincike da kirkire-karya, takamaiman yanayin zamantakewar al'umma da tarihin su na fitowa da kuma zamantakewar tattalin arziki na zamani. Shirin yana ɗaukar tsarin hadin gwiwa kuma yana ba da dama ga musayar ɗalibai da ma'aikata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Programme Aim and Educational Structure – ESST |url=http://esst.eu/programme-aim-and-educational-structure/ |access-date=2023-01-26 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Tsarin ilimi ===
Shirin ESST Master shine shirin ECTS na 60 kuma an raba shi zuwa sassa biyu: ɓangaren gabatarwa na farko da ɓangaren ƙwarewa na biyu. Shirin ESST an shirya shi ta hanyoyi daban-daban ta jami'o'in da suka halarci: Wasu jami'oʼi suna ba da ESST a matsayin shirin shekara guda tare da 60 ECTS: Athens, Maastricht da Madrid. Sauran abokan hulɗa sun saka shirin 60 ECTS ESST a cikin shirin shekara biyu na gida: Klagenfurt, Strasbourg da Trento. Oslo tana ba da shirin ESST a matsayin shirin ECTS 90 wanda ke ɗaukar shekara ɗaya da rabi. Ba tare da la'akari da ko an shirya ESST MA a cikin shekara ɗaya, ɗaya da rabi ko biyu ba, duk waɗannan jami'o'in suna ba da shirin ECTS ESST 60 don haka su cika bukatun digiri.

Dukkanin jami'o'in ESST da ke ba da semester na farko suna koyar da tsarin karatu na yau da kullun (tare da wasu kari na gida) a cikin wannan semester, bayan haka ɗalibai suna zaɓar ƙwarewa daga kewayon da jami'oʼi daban-daban suka bayar a cikin ESST a cikin semester na biyu. Dalibai suna da zaɓi na ko dai canja wuri tsakanin jami'o'i (da ƙasashe) bayan semester na farko ko zama a jami'a ɗaya don duka watanni biyu. Masu sa ido ne ke kula da rubutun Jagora a jami'ar semester na biyu kuma ma'aikatan jami'o'i biyu na ESST ne ke ba da digiri, ɗayan su koyaushe daga jami'ar farko ne.

Sauran abokan ESST suna ba da ƙwarewa ne kawai a cikin semester na biyu: Aalborg, Lisbon, Louvain, Lund, Tallinn da Toruń . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Programme Aim and Educational Structure – ESST |url=http://esst.eu/programme-aim-and-educational-structure/ |access-date=2023-01-26 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Harshe ===
Wasu jami'o'i suna ba da ECTS 30 na farko a Turanci: Athens da Maastricht . Sauran suna ba da ECTS 30 na farko na shirin a cikin yarensu na ƙasa: Madrid, Klagenfurt, Oslo, Strasbourg da Trento.

=== Taken da digiri ===
Bayan kammalawar nasara, ɗalibai suna karɓar Master of Arts (MA) &quot;Society, Science and Technology&quot;, wanda ke ba da haƙƙin taken da ya dace. A mafi yawan cibiyoyin ilimi na ESST, ɗalibai suna karɓar taken Master na gida da difloma na ESST MA. Daliban da suka samu nasarar kammala karatun da ke rufe tsarin karatun ESST na yau da kullun don semester na farko, amma wadanda ba sa ɗaukar (ko kammala) ƙwarewar ESST a cikin semester na biyu kuma ba sa rubuta rubutun daidai da dokokin ESST, suna karɓar takardar shaidar ESST ban da digiri na gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Career Opportunities and Qualifications – ESST |url=http://esst.eu/career-opportunities-and-qualifications/ |access-date=2023-01-26 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Jami'o'in shirin Jagora ==

* [https://www.aau.at/en/studien/master-science-technology-and-society-studies/ Alpen-Adria-Jami'ar Klagenfurt, Austria]
* [https://www.master-doctorado-innovacion.com/ Jami'ar Madrid mai cin gashin kanta, Spain]
* [https://www.maastrichtuniversity.nl/education/master/master-european-studies-society-science-and-technology Jami'ar Maastricht, Netherlands]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://www.hpst.phs.uoa.gr/en/index_en.html NKUA, Athens, Girka]
* [https://www.sv.uio.no/tik/english/ Jami'ar Oslo, Norway]
* [https://www.sv.uio.no/tik/english/ Jami'ar Strasbourg, Faransa]
* [https://www.sociologia.unitn.it/en Jami'ar Trento, Italiya]

== Kwarewar semester na biyu ==

* [https://www.business.aau.dk/ Jami'ar Aalborg, Denmark]
* [https://www.business.aau.dk/ Jami'ar Lund, Sweden]
* [https://www.umk.pl/en/ Jami'ar Nicolaus Copernicus, Poland]
* [https://www.iseg.ulisboa.pt/ Jami'ar Lisbon, Portugal]
* [https://taltech.ee/en Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tallinn, Estonia]
* [https://uclouvain.be/en/index.html Jami'ar Katolika ta Louvain, Belgium] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250109133854/https://uclouvain.be/en/index.html |date=2025-01-09 }}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [http://www.esst.eu Gidan yanar gizon ESST] wanda ya ƙunshi bayanai game da jami'o'i, ƙwarewa, Ƙungiyar, ayyukan tsofaffi da Kyautar ESST.
* InterESST kungiyar ESST Alumni
* [http://www.linkedin.com/groups/InterESST-Alumni-1795180/about Shafukan InterESST na LinkedIn]
* [http://www.facebook.com/pages/InterESST-Oslo/169196240752 Ƙungiyar Facebook ta Oslo InterESST]
* [http://www.facebook.com/pages/InterESST-Maastricht/259236909628 Ƙungiyar Facebook ta Maastricht InterESST]
{{Science and technology studies}}</text>
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    <title>Gidan shakatawa na Wind Cave</title>
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{{Databox}}

'''Wind Cave National Park''' wurin shakatawa ne na ƙasa na [[Amurka]] mai {{Convert|10|mi|km|0}} arewa da garin Hot Springs a yammacin [[South Dakota]]. An kafa shi a ranar 3 ga Janairu, 1903  ta Shugaba Theodore Roosevelt, shi ne wurin shakatawa na shida a Amurka kuma kogon farko da aka sanya shi wurin shakatawa na kasa a ko'ina cikin duniya. Kogon ya yi fice saboda gyare- gyarensa na ƙididdiga da ake kira boxwork, da kuma aikin sanyi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Wind Cave National Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/wica/index.htm |access-date=2022-02-26 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kimanin kashi 95 cikin 100 na abubuwan da aka gano a duniya ana samunsu a cikin kogon iska.

Kogon iska yana ɗaya daga cikin sanannun misalan [[Kwarin numfashi|kogon numfashi]]. An san kogon a matsayin tsarin kogon mafi girma a duniya, tare da mafi girman juzu'i a kowace mil kubik. Kogon Wind shine kogon na shida mafi tsayi a duniya tare da {{Convert|168.02|mi|km|2}} na hanyoyin kogon da aka bincika ( {{As of|2025}}  ) da kuma kogo na uku mafi tsayi a Amurka, ko da yake shi ne kogo mafi tsayi na biyu a Custer County, South Dakota bayan Jewel Cave. &lt;ref name=&quot;Gulden&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gulden |first=Bob |date=April 19, 2021 |title=Worlds longest caves |url=http://www.caverbob.com/wlong.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060515145704/http://www.caverbob.com/wlong.htm |archive-date=May 15, 2006 |access-date=September 4, 2021 |website=Geo2 Committee on Long and Deep Caves |publisher=[[National Speleological Society]] (NSS)}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da kusancin da ke kusa, babu wata alaƙa da aka taɓa samu tsakanin Kogon Wind da Kogon Jewel kuma mafi yawan masana ilimin ƙasa sun yi imanin cewa ba a haɗa kogon ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Esri News -- ArcNews Winter 2002/2003 Issue -- Developing a Cave Potential Map for South Dakota's Wind Cave Using GIS |url=https://www.esri.com/news/arcnews/winter0203articles/developing-a-cave.html |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=www.esri.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A sama ƙasa, wurin shakatawa ya haɗa da mafi girman sauran gauraye ciyawar ciyawa a cikin Amurka, da kuma ƙarshen ƙarshen Kudancin Dakota Centennial Trail.

== Asalin suna ==
An ce sassan kogon suna “ [[Kwarin numfashi|numfasawa]] ” yayin da iskar ke ci gaba da shiga ko fita daga cikin su, tana daidaita matsi na yanayi na kogon da kuma iskar waje. Lokacin da karfin iska ya fi girma a wajen kogon fiye da na cikinsa, iskar tana kwararowa cikin kogon, yana kara karfin kogon domin ya yi daidai da na waje. Lokacin da karfin iskan da ke cikin kogon ya fi na wajensa, iska tana fita daga cikin kogon, ta rage karfin iskan da ke cikin kogon.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Gomell |first=Annika |last2=Austin |first2=Daniel |last3=Ohms |first3=Marc |last4=Pflitsch |first4=Andreas |date=September 2021 |title=Air pressure propagation through Wind Cave and Jewel Cave: How do pressure waves travel through barometric caves? |url=https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2393&amp;context=ijs |journal=[[International Journal of Speleology]] |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=263–273 |doi=10.5038/1827-806X.50.3.2393 |via=[[University of South Florida]] |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Babban kogo irin su Kogon Iska mai ƴan ƴan buɗe ido kaɗan zai “numfashi” a fili fiye da ƙaramin kogo mai manyan buɗewa.

Canje-canjen yanayi cikin sauri, tare da saurin sauye-sauye na barometric, fasali ne na yanayin yammacin Dakota ta Kudu. Idan guguwa mai sauri tana gabatowa a ranar da ’yan’uwan Bingham suka sami kogon, da yanayin yanayin ya yi ta faduwa da sauri, wanda hakan ya sa iska mai tsananin karfin kogon ta yi gaggawar fitar da duk wani budadden da ake da shi, wanda hakan ya haifar da iskar da aka sanya wa sunan kogon iska.

== Tarihi ==
Lakota, Cheyenne, da sauran ƴan asalin Amirkawa waɗanda suka bi ta kuma suka yi sansani a kusa da yankin sun san da wanzuwar kogon, kamar yadda farkon mazaunan Yuro-Amurka suka yi, amma babu wata shaida da aka rubuta da aka gano cewa da gaske kowa ya shiga cikinsa. 

Lakota ( [[Sioux]] ), ƴan asalin ƙasar da ke zaune a yankin [[Black Hills]] na Kudancin Dakota, sun yi magana game da wani rami da ke hura iska, wurin da suke ɗaukar [[Sacred|tsattsarka]] a matsayin wurin da suka fara fitowa daga ƙarƙashin ƙasa inda suka rayu kafin [[Demiurge|halittar]] [[Creation myth#Lakota|duniya]] .  Asalin sunan Washun Niya, Kogon iska ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a al'adu da al'adun mutanen Lakota.  Tarihin baka na wadannan mutane yana ba da labarin Tokahe, ɗan adam na farko da ya fito daga cikin kogon, wanda ke nuna alamar fitowa daga cikin ƙasa. Labarinsa da kasancewarsa a Kogon Wind wani muhimmin sashi ne na tarihin Lakota, kuma yana tasiri sosai ga labarin asalinsu.

Kogon iska da sauran wurare a ko'ina cikin Black Hills suna da mahimmanci ga 'yan asalin ƙasar ta wasu hanyoyi fiye da ruhaniya. Wanda ake yiwa laƙabi, a zaɓe, a matsayin &quot;kasuwancin kasuwa,&quot; wuraren da ke kewaye da kogon sun ba da albarkatu masu yawa don rayuwa ta asali. Sau da yawa a lokacin lokutan hunturu, irin waɗannan wuraren sun zama wurare masu kyau don sansanonin; Yawancin wasan da suke farauta sun fi son matsugunin da kogon ya tanadar kuma sun sanya waɗannan wuraren su zama wuraren zama na Lakota da wuraren farauta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Albers |first=Patricia |last2=Berndt |first2=Christina |last3=Brown |first3=Elizabeth |last4=Kelly |first4=Yvonne |last5=Kittelson |first5=Vanessa |last6=Rossina |first6=Kim |last7=Schlegel |first7=Stacy |last8=Yardley |first8=Andrea |date=2003-01-01 |title=The Home of the Bison : An Ethnographic and Ethnohistorical Study of Traditional Cultural Affiliations to Wind Cave National Park |url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/natlpark/158 |journal=U.S. National Park Service Publications and Papers}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Korar mutanen Lakota daga ƙarshe ya biyo bayan ingantaccen tarihin korar ƴan asalin ƙasar a duk faɗin ƙasar. A cikin 1851 an kafa yarjejeniya a Fort Laramie, shigar da kabilar zuwa dangantakar doka da gwamnatin Amurka.  Wani Yarjejeniyar Fort Laramie a cikin 1868 ta sake fasalta da rage iyakokin ƙasar Lakota a cikin Black Hills. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Mataki na biyu a cikin waccan yarjejeniya ya ba da izinin gina garu a cikin ƙasar Lakota kuma a cikin 1874 Janar George A. Custer ya fara binciken ƙasar kuma ya yi kuskuren ba da rahoton kasancewar zinare mai yawa, duk da masanin ilimin geologist a ƙungiyar sa na masu binciken ya ce babu adadi mai yawa. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Daga nan ne masu hakar ma'adinai suka fara mamaye tuddai don neman zinariya, wanda ya saba wa yarjejeniyar da aka yi da mutanen Lakota, ko da yake gwamnati ba ta yi wani abu ba don hukunta irin wadannan laifuffuka. A cikin 1875 an yi la'akari da taken Lakota na ƙasar ba shi da inganci saboda rashin haɓaka tsarin su da kuma tsammanin &quot;ɓata&quot; ƙasar. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Lokacin da aka zartar da Dokar Dawes a cikin 1877, an buɗe wurin ga mazauna kuma an rufe yadda ya kamata a mallaki Lakota daga ƙasashen kakanninsu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Kayan aiki ==
Hanyoyi da yawa sun bi ta wurin shakatawa kuma akwai {{Convert|30|mi|km|0}} hanyoyin tafiya a saman. Gidan shakatawa yana da kimanin baƙi 656,397 a cikin 2018.  Fiye da mutane 109,000 sun ziyarci kogon da kansa a cikin 2015, mafi girma tun 1968 kafin balaguron kogo ya iyakance ga mutane 40 kowanne. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kent |first=Jim |date=January 19, 2016 |title=Wind Cave Numbers Highest In 40 Years |url=http://listen.sdpb.org/post/wind-cave-numbers-highest-40-years |access-date=January 19, 2016 |website=[[South Dakota Public Broadcasting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cibiyar baƙo ta Wind Cave tana da dakuna uku na nuni game da [[Ilmin duwatsu|ilimin ƙasa]] na kogo da tarihin kogon farko, namun daji na wurin shakatawa da tarihin halitta, da aikin Hukumar Kula da Farar Hula a wurin shakatawa.

Elk Mountain Campground, wanda ke cikin dajin [[Pinus ponderosa|pine na ponderosa]], yana da nisan {{Convert|1.25|mi|km|1}} daga cibiyar baƙo. Filin sansanin yana da shafuka 75 don tantuna da motocin nishaɗi kuma ana buɗe kowace shekara tare da shirye-shiryen kashe gobara da ake bayarwa a lokacin rani da ƙarancin sabis da ake samu a cikin hunturu. 

== Geology ==
[[Fayil:NPS_Wind_Cave_NP_Geologic_Map.png|thumb|Taswirar yanayin wurin shakatawa:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; NPS Wind Cave National Park Geologic Map, inda Mp shine Mississippian Pahasapa ( Madison ) Limestone, Phm shine Tsarin Pennsylvania Minnelusa, Po shine Permian Opeche Shale, Pm shine Minnekahta Limestone, TRPs shine Tsarin Triassic Spearfish, Tw shine Rukunin Qarter Quater, yayin da Quater Quater Quaters ke. alluvial adibas]]
Matakan uku da ke yin tsarin kogon iska suna cikin babban 76 m na Dutsen Mississippian Pahasapa Limestone . Ajiye a cikin tekun ciki, chert, gypsum, da ruwan tabarau na anhydrite a cikin dutsen farar ƙasa shaida ne na lokuta masu yawa na ƙafe. Lokacin da matakan teku suka faɗo a ƙarshen Mississippian, rushewar dutsen farar ƙasa ya haifar da filin Kaskaskia paleo karst, cikakke tare da fissures, nutsewa, da kogo. Don haka, rashin daidaituwa ya wanzu tsakanin wannan dutsen farar ƙasa da ƙaƙƙarfan Ƙirar Pennylvania Minnelusa. Waɗannan jajayen yashi da yumbu sun cika cikin kogo. Waɗannan kogon da ba a cika su ba an lulluɓe su a cikin dogtooth spar . Sakawa na gaba na Permian Opeche Shale, Permian Minnekahta Limestone, Triassic Spearfish Formation, da Tertiary White River Group ya biyo baya. Paleocene da zaizayar Eocene sun kawar da waɗannan magudanar ruwa, a yankin kogon, har zuwa Minnelusa. An fara haɓaka haɓakar yanayin ƙasa a lokacin Laramide Orogeny, wanda ya saukar da teburin ruwa, ya zubar da tsarin kogon tare da faɗaɗa shi. A yau matakin ruwa yana da nisan mita 150 a ƙasa, wanda ya kai digo na 0.4 m kowace shekara 1000. 

An fara lura da aikin akwatin a cikin kogon iska. Wadannan fins ɗin calcite sun kasance fashe da ke cika gypsum da anhydrite. Calcite-gypsum pseudomorphs na kowa. Sulfuric acid da aka saki ya raunana gadon, yana ba shi damar yin saurin yanayi fiye da calcite. Sakamakon fins ɗin da ke tsaka da juna ya samar da ɗakuna masu buɗewa kuma suna fitowa daga bene da ke kewaye da adadin daga 0.6 zuwa 1.2 m. Ƙananan matakan kogon suna da kayan aikin akwatin gauraye da aikin sanyi da popcorn kogo . An kuma fara gano gandun daji na Helictite a cikin kogon iska. Ana samun madarar Moon a sama da yawa, yayin da ana samun rafts na calcite a cikin ƙananan matakan tsarin kogon.  {{Rp|18,20–21}}

=== A cikin shahararrun al'adu ===
A yayin muhawarar zaben fidda gwani na jam'iyyar Democrat ta 2020 a ranar 19 ga Disamba, 2019, dan takarar Sanata Amy Klobuchar ya yi nuni da kogon iska a matsayin wani bangare na harin da aka kai wa dan takarar magajin garin Pete Buttigieg, wanda ya karbi bakuncin taron gangamin yakin neman zabe a cikin kogon ruwan inabi. Klobuchar ya ce, &quot;Na zo nan ne domin in gabatar da shari'ar ci gaba, kuma ban taba zuwa kogon ruwan inabi ba. Na je kogon Wind a South Dakota, wanda na ba da shawarar ku je.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Presidential candidate promotes Wind Cave during debate |url=https://rapidcityjournal.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/presidential-candidate-promotes-wind-cave-during-debate/article_f8a64c30-dbc8-5f67-86ba-8e3855e03f8a.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jami'an jama'a na Kudancin Dakota, gami da Wakilin Jiha Dusty Johnson, sun yi amfani da shi don haɓaka yawon shakatawa zuwa ga gandun daji na Wind Cave. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=RepDustyJohnson|title=For once, I agree with @amyklobuchar....|date=20 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gallery ==
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot;&gt;
Fayil:Calcite_boxwork,_Wind_Cave.jpg|alt=Calcite boxwork removed from the cave; Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago| Calcite boxwork cire daga kogon; Filin Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi, Chicago
Fayil:Cave_Frostwork_and_Popcorn-Wind_Cave.JPG|alt=Frostwork and popcorn formations| Frostwork da tsarin popcorn
Fayil:Prairie_dog_at_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg|alt=A prairie dog; part of an extensive colony in the park| Karen farar fata ; wani yanki na babban yanki a wurin shakatawa
Fayil:Flora_in_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg|alt=Flora of the prairie| Flora na prairie
Fayil:Bison_and_Prairie_Dog_in_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg|alt=Bison and prairie dogs are commonplace in the park.| Bison da karnukan prairie sun zama ruwan dare a wurin shakatawa.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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      <text bytes="19869" sha1="o36cjr8o7mdaej144ft53onfvyxizbk" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}[[File:ThingsFallApart.jpg|alt=A book cover with the drawing of a traditional masquerade overlapping a local church building with two standing men at the front, and texts &quot;Chinua Achebe&quot; and &quot;Things Fall Apart&quot; written in all capital letter.|thumb|Rubutun farko na Things Fall Apart (1958) ]]
'''''Things Fall Apart''''' labari ne na shekarar 1958 marubuci ɗan Najeriya [[Chinua Achebe]] . Littafin novel din Achebe ne na farko kuma an rubuta shi lokacin yana aiki a [[Muryar Najeriya (VON)|Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Najeriya]] . [[Heinemann (Mawallafa)|Heinemann]] ne ya fara buga littafin a London a ranar 17 ga watan Yuni,shekara ta 1958.

Labarin, wanda aka kafa a Najeriya ta Burtaniya, ya shafi Okonkwo, jagoran gargajiya mai tasiri na dangin [[Kasar Inyamurai|Ibo]] na Umuofia, wanda ke adawa da mulkin mallaka da Kiristanci na farko. An dauki taken littafin ne daga aya ta &quot;The Second Coming&quot;, waka ta shekarar 1919 ta mawaki na Irish W. B. Yeats. Abubuwan da suka fadi Apart sun zama ɓangare na farko na &quot;African trilogy&quot; na Achebe tare da litattafansa No Longer at Ease da Arrow of God . Littafin ya binciki jigogi da yawa, musamman al'adu, namiji, da mulkin mallaka.

Abubuwan da suka fadi suna da mahimmanci a cikin wallafe-wallafen Afirka. Ya sami yabo mai mahimmanci da shahara a [[Time (magazine)|Lokaci]] bugawa, kuma an fassara shi cikin harsuna sama da hamsin. An jera shi a cikin Time's &quot;100 Best English-language Novels daga shekara 1923 zuwa shekarar 2005&quot;. Littafin ya sami sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da Wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo ''Okonkwo'' (a shekarar 1961) na Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Najeriya, da kuma fim din  shekarar 1971 Things Fall Apart, wanda ya fito da Princess Elizabeth na Tooro .

== Makirci ==
Okonkwo sanannen mutum ne a ƙauyen Umuofia . Shi zakara ne na kokawa kuma shugaban dangi. Ya yi ƙoƙari ya zama akasin mahaifinsa Unoka, wanda ya kasance mai bashi mai laushi wanda ba zai iya tallafa wa matarsa ko 'ya'yansa ba, ya fi son yin wasa da sarewa fiye da yin gwagwarmaya don samun nasara. Okonkwo yana aiki tuƙuru tun yana ƙarami don gina daraja da wadata duk da kansa. Da yake ya damu da ƙarfin namiji da horo, sau da yawa yana doke matansa da 'ya'yansa.

Tsofaffi sun zaɓi Okonkwo ya zama mai kula da Ikemefuna, wani yaro wanda aka ɗauke shi a matsayin zaman lafiya tsakanin Umuofia da wata dangi bayan mahaifin Ikemefuna ya kashe wata mace daga Umuofia. Yaron yana kallon Okonkwo a matsayin mahaifinsa na biyu. Oracle na Umuofia ya bayyana cewa dole ne a kashe yaron. Ezeudu, dattijon ƙauyen, ya gargadi Okonkwo da ya guje wa kisan, amma ya kawar da gargadi kuma ya aiwatar da mummunan aiki. Bayan ya kashe Ikemefuna, Okonkwo yana jin bakin ciki da mafarkai masu ban tsoro. A lokacin gaisuwar bindiga a jana'izar Ezeudu, bindigar Okonkwo ta fashe ba zato ba tsammani kuma ta kashe dan Ezeudu. Shi da iyalinsa an tura su gudun hijira na tsawon shekaru bakwai zuwa ƙasarsa, Mbanta, kamar yadda ake buƙata don kwantar da hankalin alloli.

Yayinda Okonkwo ke Mbanta, ya fahimci cewa fararen maza suna zaune a Umuofia da niyyar gabatar da addininsu, [[Kiristanci]]. Yayin da yawan masu tuba ke ƙaruwa, ƙafar fararen mutane ke ƙaruwa kuma an gabatar da sabuwar gwamnati. An tilasta wa ƙauyen karɓar ko adawa da tilasta wa al'ummar fararen fata. Dan Okonkwo Nwoye ya zama mai son sani game da masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje, kuma bayan mahaifinsa ya buge shi a karo na ƙarshe, sai ya yanke shawarar barin iyalinsa ya zauna da kansa. Wani mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje, Mista Brown ne ya gabatar da Nwoye ga sabon addinin. A cikin shekarar karshe ta gudun hijira, Okonkwo ya umarci abokinsa mafi kyau Obierika ya sayar da dukkan yams dinsa kuma ya hayar mutane biyu don gina masa gidaje biyu don ya sami gida don ya koma tare da iyalinsa. Ya kuma gudanar da babban biki ga dangin mahaifiyarsa.

Da yake dawowa daga Mbanta, Okonkwo ya sami ƙauyensa ya canza ta wurin kasancewar fararen maza. Bayan wani mai tuba ya aikata laifin fallasa dattijo yayin da yake nuna ruhun kakanninmu na dangin, ƙauyen ya rama ta hanyar lalata cocin Kirista na yankin. A mayar da martani, Kwamishinan Gundumar da ke wakiltar gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ya dauki Okonkwo da wasu shugabannin 'yan asalin da dama a matsayin fursuna yayin da ake jiran biyan tarar jaka ɗari biyu. Duk da umarnin Kwamishinan Gundumar na bi da shugabannin Umuofia da girmamawa, 'yan asalin &quot;manzanni na kotu&quot; sun kunyata su, suna aske kawunansu kuma suna bulala su. Cikin fushi, mutanen Umuofia a ƙarshe sun taru don tayar da kayar baya. Okonkwo, kasancewa jarumi ne ta hanyar halitta kuma yana da ƙarfi game da bin al'adar Umuofian da al'ada, yana raina duk tsoro kuma yana ba da shawarar yaki.

Lokacin da manzanni na fararen gwamnati suka yi ƙoƙari su dakatar da taron, Okonkwo ya fille kan daya daga cikinsu. Saboda taron ya ba da damar sauran manzanni su tsere kuma ba ya ya yaƙi tare da Okonkwo, ya fahimci da fidda rai cewa mutanen Umuofia ba za su yi yaƙi don kare kansu ba. Sakamakon wannan shi ne cewa lokacin da Kwamishinan Gundumar, Gregory Irwin, ya zo gidan Okonkwo don kai shi kotu, ya gano cewa Okonkwo ya kashe kansa saboda ya ga yana yaƙi shi kaɗai kuma kabilarsa ta daina. Daga cikin mutanensa, ayyukan Okonkwo sun lalata sunansa da matsayinsa, saboda ya saba wa koyarwar [[Inyamurai|Ibo]] don kashe kansa. Obierika ya yi ƙoƙari kada ya rushe yayin da yake kuka game da mutuwar Okonkwo. Yayin da Irwin da mutanensa ke shirin binne Okonkwo, Irwin ya yi tunanin cewa mutuwar Okonkwo za ta zama babi mai ban sha'awa ga littafinsa, The Pacification of the Primitive Tribes of the Lower Niger .

== Tarihi da tarihin bugawa ==
[[Fayil:Chinua_Achebe,_1966.jpg|alt= See caption|thumb|Achebe a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], 1966; shekaru takwas bayan bugawa na Things Fall Apart''Abubuwa sun rabu'']]
Abubuwan da suka fadi sun kasance littafin farko na [[Chinua Achebe]]. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] a shekara ta 1953, ya zama malami a Oba, [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]], kafin ya yi aiki a [[Muryar Najeriya (VON)|Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Najeriya]] (NBC) a shekara mai zuwa. A lokacin da yake zaune a NBC, ya fara rubuta rubutun. Ya rubuta a Turanci tun lokacin da ya ɗauki ma'auni na yanzu don rubuce-rubucen [[Harshen Ibo|Harshen Igbo]] kamar yadda aka tsara; wanda aka kirkira ta hanyar haɗuwa da yaruka daban-daban, wanda ya bayyana a cikin hira ta shekarar 1994.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brooks |first=Jerome |date=24 June 2024 |title=Chinua Achebe, The Art of Fiction No. 139 |url=https://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/1720/the-art-of-fiction-no-139-chinua-achebe |access-date=24 February 2025 |website=The Paris Review}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 1957 ya cire sashi na biyu da na uku na rubutun, ya bar labarin Okonkwo kawai, a ƙarshe babban halin labarin. Ya kuma sake fasalinsa kuma ya kara sabbin sakin layi da surori.

Bayan Achebe ya ga talla a cikin The Spectator, sai ya aika da kwafin rubuce-rubucen da ya rubuta da hannu zuwa wata hukumar buga takardu a London ta hanyar wasika ta yau da kullun. Bayan ya aika da kuɗin da hukumar ta nema na £ 22 ta hanyar umarnin gidan waya na Burtaniya, bai ji komai daga hukumar ba har tsawon watanni da yawa. Zuwa ƙarshen shekara, abokin aikinsa, Angela Beattie, wanda ke gab da barin matsayinta na Shugaban Tattaunawa a NBC, yana zuwa London don hutun shekara-shekara, Achebe ya tambaye ta ta bincika matsayin rubutun sa lokacin da ta isa London. Bayan shigar da Beattie, hukumar ta dawo da rubuce-rubucen da aka riga aka rufe da ƙura daga kusurwar ofishin, kuma ta aika da kwafin guda ɗaya kawai zuwa Achebe a Legas.{{Sfn|Ezenwa-Ohaeto|1997}}

An gabatar da Achebe a matsayin Shugaban Tattaunawa a NBC. Ya aika da rubutun sa ga wakilin wallafe-wallafen Gilbert Phelps a shekara ta 1958. {{Sfn|Ezenwa-Ohaeto|1997}} Gidajen wallafe-wallafen da yawa sun ki amincewa da rubutun, suna ba da dalilin cewa fiction na marubutan Afirka ba su da damar kudi. Daga bisani aka kai rubutun zuwa ofishin William Heinemann, inda aka gabatar da shi ga James Michie kuma ta hanyarsa, ya zo ga hankalin Alan Hill, mai ba da shawara kan wallafe-wallafen.{{Sfn|Ezenwa-Ohaeto|1997}} An buga Things Fall Apart a cikin hardback a ranar 17 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1958 tare da kusan shekarar 2000 kofe bugawa. Kodayake masu bugawa ba su sake gyara ko kwafin rubutun ba, ya sami yabo nan take a cikin jaridar Burtaniya. The Times Literary Supplement ya ce littafin &quot;ya yi nasara sosai wajen gabatar da rayuwar kabilanci daga ciki yayin da alamu na ji da halayen tunani suka bayyana a cikin hotuna na Afirka, ba a rubuta su ba sama ko ƙasa. &quot;{{Sfn|Ezenwa-Ohaeto|1997}}

== Jigogi ==

=== Al'adu ===
Abubuwan da suka fadi baya suna nuna tushen al'adun Igbos kuma suna nufin su a matsayin ka'idar duniya, wanda ke farfado da darajar da ta ɓace na mutane a lokacin [[Mallakar Najeriya|Mulkin mallaka na Najeriya]].{{Sfn|Rhoads|1993}}


Masana tarihi suna mai da hankali kan daular Afirka da ta gabata don inganta matsayin tarihin Afirka, amma Achebe ya karya wannan tsari ta hanyar nuna mutanen Igbo a matsayin masu warewa a cikin al'adun da aka kafa.{{Sfn|Rhoads|1993}} Alal misali, lokacin da masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje suka shiga Mbanta, suna tsammanin za a sami sarki. Bayan an gaya musu babu wani, sun kafa nasu tsarin mulki. A cikin Things Fall Apart, akwai saɓani tsakanin al'adun al'adu daban-daban; alal misali, Turawa sun ba da izinin mutane su yi yaƙi kan addini amma al'adar Igbo ta hana kashe juna.{{Sfn|Rhoads|1993}}

Achebe ya gabatar da wasu ma'auni ga al'adun Igbo yayin da ba ya nuna abubuwan da suka gabata - alal misali, ba shi da kyau ga mai karatu na zamani, mai karatu na mulkin mallaka ya yarda da dokar cewa ya kamata a kashe Ikemefuna saboda zunuban danginsa.{{Sfn|Rhoads|1993}} Kodayake Achebe ya nuna cin amana, jahilci, da rashin haƙuri na Burtaniya, bai wakilce su a matsayin mugayen mutane ba. Maimakon haka yana amfani da al'adu biyu - na Burtaniya da na Igbo - don wakiltar cakuda mutane biyu kamar yadda aka gani a cikin Okonkwo da Mista Smith, waɗanda dukansu biyu suka ƙi yin sulhu lokacin da aka yi wa al'adunsu barazana.{{Sfn|Rhoads|1993}}

== Kyauta ==

=== Karɓar baƙi ===
Abubuwan da suka fadi suna da mahimmanci a cikin wallafe-wallafen Afirka na Ingilishi, da kuma fahimtar wallafe-walfen Afirka a Yamma. Ana nazarin shi sosai a Afirka, Turai, da Arewacin Amurka, inda ya kasance batun ayyukan bincike na sakandare da na uku. An fassara shi zuwa harsuna sama da 50.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jilani |first=Sarah |date=8 June 2023 |title=Things Fall Apart: Chinua Achebe and the languages of African literature |url=https://theconversation.com/things-fall-apart-chinua-achebe-and-the-languages-of-african-literature-106006 |access-date=17 November 2024 |website=The Conversation}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[Time (magazine)|Lokaci]]'' ya lissafa littafin a cikin ''TIME 100 Mafi kyawun Littattafan Turanci daga shekara ta 1923 zuwa shekarar 2005''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Grossman |first=Lev |date=16 October 2005 |title=Is Full List one of the All-TIME 100 Best Novels? |url=https://entertainment.time.com/2005/10/16/all-time-100-novels/slide/all/ |access-date=17 November 2024 |website=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |archive-date=6 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406074522/https://entertainment.time.com/2005/10/16/all-time-100-novels/slide/all/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mawallafin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya [[Wole Soyinka]] ya bayyana Things Fall Apart a matsayin &quot;littafi na farko a Turanci wanda ya yi magana daga cikin halin Afirka, maimakon nuna Afirka a matsayin mai ban mamaki, kamar yadda fari zai gan shi. &quot;A lokacin bikin cika shekaru 60 na littafin, Femi Elufowoju Jr, [[Adesua Etomi]], Lu Msamati, Jennifer Nansubuga Makumbi, [[Chibundu Onuzo]], Ellahama Allfrey, [[Ben Okri]], da [[Margaret Busby]] suka karanta shi a Cibiyar Bankin ta Kudu a London a ranar 15 ga  watan Afrilu.

A ranar 5 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 2019 BBC News ta lissafa Things Fall Apart a cikin jerin Littattafai 100 mafi tasiri. Abubuwan da suka fadi sun kasance a cikin ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' a matsayin daya daga cikin &quot;Littafi 12 da aka dauka a matsayin 'Littafi Mafi Girma da aka taɓa Rubuta'&quot;. 

=== Tasiri ===
Kafin a buga Things Fall Apart, yawancin litattafai game da Afirka 'yan [[Europeans|Turawa]] ne suka rubuta su kuma sun nuna 'yan Afirka a matsayin masu tayar da hankali da ke buƙatar haskakawa ta Yamma. Abubuwan da suka fadi sun shirya hanya don wakiltar [[Al'adun Afirka]] da baƙi ba suka kirkira ba; littafin ya rinjayi wasu marubutan Afirka su rubuta game da al'amuran zamantakewa, tarihi, da al'adu na [[Modern Africa|Afirka ta zamani]].

Achebe ya nuna al'ummar Igbo da tausayi, yana bawa mai karatu damar bincika tasirin mulkin mallaka daga hangen nesa daban. Ya tabbatar da cewa za'a iya bayyana shahararren Things Fall Apart a Najeriya kawai cewa &quot;wannan shine karo na farko da muke ganin kanmu, a matsayin mutane masu cin gashin kansu, maimakon rabin mutane, ko kuma kamar yadda Conrad zai ce, 'ruhohi masu mahimmanci'&quot;. Wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel ta Najeriya [[Wole Soyinka]] ya kira littafin &quot;littafi na farko a Turanci wanda ya yi magana daga cikin halin Afirka, maimakon nuna Afirka a matsayin mai ban mamaki, kamar yadda fari zai gan shi&quot;.{{Sfn|''The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education''|2001}}

Harshen littafin ba wai kawai ya burge masu sukar ba amma kuma ya kasance babban abu a fitowar littafin Afirka na zamani. Saboda Achebe ya rubuta a Turanci, ya nuna rayuwar Igbo daga ra'ayi na mutumin Afirka, kuma ya yi amfani da harshen mutanensa, ya sami damar yin tasiri sosai ga masu rubutun Afirka, waɗanda suka kalli shi a matsayin mai ba da shawara.
 
Labarin Achebe da zargi sun ci gaba da karfafawa da tasiri ga marubuta a duniya. Hilary Mantel, marubucin littafin Booker Prize a cikin wani labarin 7 ga watan Mayu, shekara ya 2012 a cikin ''Newsweek'', &quot;Hilary Mantel's 5 Favorite Historical Fictions&quot;, ya lissafa Things Fall Apart a matsayin daya daga cikin litattafan da ta fi so guda biyar a cikin wannan nau'in. Sabon ƙarni na marubutan Afirka - wadanda suka lashe Kyautar Caine Binyavanga Waina (darakta na yanzu na Cibiyar Chinua Achebe a Kwalejin Bard) da [[Helon Habila]] (Waiting for an Angel [2004] da Measuring Time [2007]), da kuma Uzodinma Iweala (Beasts of No Nation [2005]), da Farfesa Okey Ndibe (Arrows of Rain [2000]) sun ƙidaya Chinua Aquebe a matsayin babban tasiri. [[Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]], marubucin shahararrun litattafan Purple Hibiscus (shekara ta 2003) da Half of a Yellow Sun (2006), ya yi sharhi a cikin wata hira ta shekarar 2006: &quot;Chinua Achebe koyaushe zai kasance da muhimmanci a gare ni saboda aikinsa bai rinjayi salon na ba kamar yadda falsafar rubuce-rubuce ta: karanta shi ya ƙarfafa ni, ya ba ni izinin rubuta game da abubuwan da na sani sosai. &quot;&amp;nbsp;

An yi bikin cika shekaru 60 da bugawa ta farko ta Things Fall Apart a Cibiyar Bankin Kudancin a London, Burtaniya, a ranar 15 ga Watan Afrilun shekarar 2018 tare da karatun kai tsaye daga littafin da Femi Elufowoju Jr, [[Adesua Etomi]], Yomi Sode, Lucian Msamati, Jennifer Nansubuga Makumbi, [[Chibundu Onuzo]], [[Ellah Wakatama Allfrey]], [[Ben Okri]], da [[Margaret Busby]] suka yi. 

== Daidaitawa ==
Abubuwan da suka fadi an daidaita su cikin Wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo, ''Okonkwo'', ta [[Muryar Najeriya (VON)|Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Najeriya]] a watan Afrilu 1961. Ya ƙunshi marubucin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya kuma mawaki [[Wole Soyinka]] a matsayin mai tallafawa.&lt;ref&gt;Ezenwa-Ohaeto (1997). ''Chinua Achebe: A Biography'' Bloomington: Indiana University Press, p. 81. {{ISBN|0-253-33342-3}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Edition_cover_of_Things_Fall_Apart_(1985).png|alt=Cover collage of film stills by Stephen Goldblatt|thumb|Cover of Things Fall Apart (1985) Rubuce-rubucen fim na Stephen Goldblatt&lt;nowiki&gt;Hanyar haɗin fim na Stephen Goldblatt&lt;/nowiki&gt;]]
A shekara ta 1970, an juya littafin zuwa fim din mai suna - wanda aka fi sani da Bullfrog In The Sun - wanda mai shirya fina-finai da kuma furodusa Hansjürgen Pohland ya jagoranta kuma ya fito da Princess Elizabeth of Toro, [[Johnny Sekka]] da [[Orlando Martins]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;Chioni-2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Moore |first=David Chioni |last2=Analee Heath |last3=Chinua Achebe |date=2008 |title=A Conversation with Chinua Achebe |journal=Transition |volume=100 |issue=100 |page=23 |jstor=20542537}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 1965, mai samar da fim din Najeriya Francis Oladele ya kafa Calpenny Nigeria Limited, kamfanin samar da fim na farko a Najeriya bayan samun 'yancin kai. Shirin Amurka-Jamusanci-Nijeriya Things Fall Apart shi ne fim dinsa na biyu bayan Kongi's Harvest . Abubuwan da suka fadi an yi la'akari da su sun ɓace shekaru da yawa har sai Stephen Goldblatt ya sami fiye da 2,000 stills, takardun samarwa, wasiƙu, takardon jaridu na zamani bugawa fim da sauransu a cikin ajiyar tauraron dan adam na Deutsche Kinemathek Berlin a cikin  shekara ta 2019. Wannan ya haifar da ci gaba da bincike mai zurfi da aikin digitization kan al'adun fina-finai na Najeriya, tare da nune-nunen da nunawa a Legas, Kampala, Abidjan, Accra da Atlanta, da sauran wurare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Things Fall Apart and the Air of Nostalgia, Cultural Restitution – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/08/15/things-fall-apart-and-the-air-of-nostalgia-cultural-restitution/ |access-date=2025-04-14 |website=www.thisdaylive.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Things that Fell Apart were Restored in an Interaction with Time by Tusiime Tutu |url=https://andariya.com/post/things-that-fell-apart-were-restored-in-an-interaction-with-time |access-date=2025-04-17 |website=Andariya}}&lt;/ref&gt; A Jamus, fim din ya fara ne a Ranar Afirka a Bonn a karkashin kulawar Ministan Harkokin Waje na Jamus na lokacin Walter Scheel . A Amurka, an fara gabatar da shi a Atlanta a shekara ta 1974, tare da magajin garin Atlanta na lokacin, Maynard Jackson, a matsayin mai kula.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Author Chinua Achebe at the movie premier of &quot;Things Fall Apart,&quot; 1974 with Millicent Dobbs Jordan, Mattiwilda Dobbs and Christiana Chinwe Okoli. |url=https://dlg.usg.edu/record/gsu_ajc_12376?canvas=0&amp;x=1413&amp;y=1124&amp;w=4608 |access-date=2025-04-17 |website=Digital Library of Georgia |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin rubutunsa Lokacin da Bullfrog Jumps In The Sun - Me ya sa Abubuwa Har yanzu fim ne mai mahimmanci har zuwa yau, mai zane-zane na zamani na Legas Mallam Mudi Yahaya ya bayyana rikitarwa na samarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-02-20 |title=When The Bullfrog Jumps In The Sun |url=https://theexplainer.com.ng/when-the-bullfrog-jumps-in-the-sun/ |access-date=2025-04-14 |website=The explainer |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 1987, darektan, David Orere, ya daidaita littafin a cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin da [[Hukumar Talabijin ta Najeriya]] ta watsa. Ya fito da [[Pete Edochie]] a matsayin Okonkwo da [[Justus Esiri]] a matsayin Obierika . Sauran sun hada da [[Nkem Owoh]] da Sam Loco Efe a matsayin tallafi.

A cikin shekara ta 1999, ƙungiyar hip-hop ta Amurka Roots ta fitar da kundi na huɗu na studio Things Fall Apart dangane da littafin Achebe. Har ila yau, an yi wasan kwaikwayo na Things Fall Apart wanda [[Biyi Bandele]] ya daidaita a Cibiyar Kennedy.  A watan Satumbar shekarar 2024, an sanar da karɓar talabijin don ci gaba a A24 tare da [[Idris Elba]] da [[David Oyelowo]] a matsayin masu samarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Otterson |first=Joe |date=2024-09-26 |title=Idris Elba to Star in 'Things Fall Apart' TV Series From A24, Elba's 22Summers, David Oyelowo (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2024/tv/news/idris-elba-things-fall-apart-tv-series-a24-david-oyelowo-1236156154/ |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

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'''Gilbert Bani''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1986), wanda aka fi sani da sunansa na mataki '''A-Q''', dan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma marubucin waƙa na Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Solanke |first=Abiola |title=Rapper AQ&quot;s new album &quot;Blessed Forever&quot; is out to touch a life |url=http://www.pulse.ng/buzz/rapper-aqs-new-album-blessed-forever-is-out-to-touch-a-life-id7089270.html |access-date=22 May 2018 |website=Pulse.ng |archive-date=13 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180513163425/http://www.pulse.ng/buzz/rapper-aqs-new-album-blessed-forever-is-out-to-touch-a-life-id7089270.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; An zabi waƙarsa &quot;Agu Ji Ndi Men&quot; don Mafi Kyawun Rap a The Headies 2016  .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=TheNET.ng - Nigeria's Top Website for News, Gossip, Comedy, Videos, Blogs, Events, Weddings, Nollywood, Celebs, Scoop and Games |url=https://thenet.ng/headies-nominated-rapper-q-releases-new-song-titled-mmm/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029230557/http://www.thenet.ng/2016/12/headies-nominated-rapper-q-releases-new-song-titled-mmm/ |archive-date=2017-10-29 |access-date=22 May 2018 |website=Nigerian Entertainment Today}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 December 2016 |title=Headies-nominated rapper, A-Q, drops 'MMM' |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/headies-aq-mmm-rapper-song/ |access-date=22 May 2018 |website=Lifestyle.thecable.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 November 2010 |title=The debut of Nigerian controversial Rap Artiste; A-Q |url=http://trendyafrica.com/the-debut-of-nigerian-controversial-rap-artiste-a-q/ |access-date=22 May 2018 |website=Trendy Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 December 2016 |title=&quot;My Strongest Competition In The Rap Single Category Is Olamide&quot;- AQ |url=http://www.naijaloaded.com.ng/18/strongest-competition-rap-single-category-olamide-aq |access-date=22 May 2018 |website=Naijaloaded.com.ng |archive-date=9 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809170904/http://www.naijaloaded.com.ng/18/strongest-competition-rap-single-category-olamide-aq |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haife shi a cikin iyali na shida a matsayin yaro na ƙarshe, A-Q, wanda ainihin sunansa Gilbert Bani ne, ya girma a Surulere inda ya zauna mafi yawan rayuwarsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A-Q Profile and Discography {{!}} African Music Library |url=https://africanmusiclibrary.org//artist/A-Q |access-date=2023-11-04 |website=africanmusiclibrary.org |archive-date=2023-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231104173957/https://africanmusiclibrary.org//artist/A-Q |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=TopNaija.ng |date=2021-09-15 |title=Gilbert Bani: biography, age, family, net worth |url=https://topnaija.ng/gilbert-bani-biography-age-family-net-worth/ |access-date=2023-11-04 |website=TopNaija.ng |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231104174001/https://topnaija.ng/gilbert-bani-biography-age-family-net-worth/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ilimi ==
A-Q ya halarci Kwalejin Sarakuna ta Legas, kuma ya sami karatun sakandare a [[Jami'ar Lagos|Jami'ar Legas]] . Tun yana ƙarami ya fara tattara waƙoƙin hip-hop, yana koyon kalmomin kuma yana kwaikwayon su. Ba ta dauki lokaci mai tsawo ba kafin ya fara rubuta nasa kalmomin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=9jaolofofo Meets Rapper 'A-Q' (Exclusive Interview) |url=http://9jaolofofo.com.ng/super-sunday-9jaolofofo-meets-rapper-aq-exclusive-interview/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130714002417/http://9jaolofofo.com.ng/super-sunday-9jaolofofo-meets-rapper-aq-exclusive-interview/ |archive-date=2013-07-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kiɗa ==
A-Q ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar rikodin sa ta farko a shekara ta 2001 tare da Big Leaf Records, inda ya kasance na shekaru biyu kafin ya fara aiki da kansa a shekara ta 2003. Waƙarsa ta farko &quot; (W) rap Najeriya&quot;, wanda kraftmatics suka samar, an fara shi a shekara ta 2004 sannan bidiyon kiɗa ya biyo baya. Daga baya ya fitar da cikakken kundin tarawa, Listen and Understand a shekara ta 2005 sannan ya biyo bayan wani guda, &quot;Abubuwan da muke yi&quot;, wanda ya ba shi yarjejeniyar rarraba ta yanar gizo ta duniya. A cikin 2006 A-Q ta fitar da mixtape mai taken Maga Must Pay vol 1.''Maga Dole ne Ya Bi Vol 1.''

A-Q ya ɗauki hutu daga kiɗa don kammala karatunsa a [[Jami'ar Lagos|Jami'ar Legas]] amma har yanzu ya sami nasarar saki guda ɗaya, &quot;Make Money&quot;, da kuma bidiyo mai zuwa a cikin 2008 wanda Laylow ya samar kuma yana nuna Morachi da Xtrim daga mixtape na kan layi mai taken Love and Money .''Ƙauna da Kudi.''

A- ya kammala karatu a shekara ta 2010 kuma ya koma masana'antar nishaɗi, a wannan lokacin yana da lakabin rikodin, Hustle Inc, a kan dandalin da ya fara Black Friday Twitter Freestyles, sakin kyauta na mako-mako. Wannan ya sami amincewar kan layi, gami da daga mai gabatarwa [[Don Jazzy]], wanda ya kira shi &quot;daya daga cikin rappers mafi rashin lafiya da ke raye&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=one of the sickest rappers alive (Don Jazzy calls A-Q one of the sickest rapper alive) |url=http://www.underdarock.com/blog/don-jazzy-calls-a-q-one-of-the-sickest-rapper-alive/ }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya yi rikodin kuma ya fitar da kundin The Past Present and Future a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2010 wanda ke da waƙoƙin &quot;Names&quot; da &quot;Champagne and Rum&quot;. Ya fitar da karin kiɗa, gami da &quot;Distractions&quot; wanda ke nuna Vector a cikin 2012, &quot;Machine Gun Flow&quot;, &quot;555 (5beats 5verses da 5blessings) &quot;, da kuma &quot;Me ya sa&quot; wanda ke dauke da Pamela.

Ya fitar da EP a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2012 mai taken Make Your Best Rapper Look Stupid . A halin yanzu yana aiki a kan kundi na biyu mai taken ''G.I.L.B.E.R.T (Albarka da Daraja).''

A cikin 2018, A-Q ya kasance wani ɓangare na LAMBAugust, kamfen ɗin rap a Najeriya, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2018-08-11 |title=#LAMBAugust: Chocolate City Music to release 3 Albums &quot;for the culture of hip-hop in Nigeria&quot; in August |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/08/lambaugust-chocolate-city-music-release-3-albums-culture-hip-hop-nigeria-august/ |access-date=2019-06-19 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya fitar da kundi tare da mai ba da labari na Chocolatecity Loose Kaynon mai suna Crown .

A-Q ya lashe Lyricist a kan Roll don &quot;Crown&quot; a cikin 13th edition na The Headies . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gbenga Bada |date=October 20, 2019 |title=Headies 2019: Here are all the winners at the 13th edition of music award |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/headies-2019-here-are-all-the-winners-at-13th-edition-of-music-award/peegxqv |access-date=20 October 2019 |publisher=Pulse Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya bar lakabin rikodin Chocolate a cikin 2020 kuma ya ce &quot;Na sami kwarewa mai kyau a Chocolate City, kuma ina farin cikin kasancewa wani ɓangare na tafiyar lakabin zuwa riba&quot;. Ya ci gaba da kafa incubator na kiɗa ga masu zane-zane na Afirka.

A watan Fabrairun 2021, A-Q ya lashe kyautar Best Rap Album  don kundin sa na 2020 &quot;God's Engineering&quot; a 14 Edition of The Headies awards.

A watan Satumbar 2022, A-Q ya lashe lambar yabo ta Lyricist on the Roll don aikinsa a kan &quot;The Last Cypher&quot; guda daga kundin &quot;Behold The Lamb&quot; a 15th Edition na The Headies Awards a Atlanta, Amurka.

2023 ya ga sakin Allah's Engineering 2, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin &quot;mafi kyau a cikin ingancin waƙoƙinsa da isar da su... &quot;.

== Bayanan da aka yi ==

=== Kundin studio ===

* A baya Yanzu da Makomar (2010) 
* Ɗan Yahaya: Tarihin da ba a fada ba (2015) 
* ''Rose'' (2016) 
* ''Albarka ta Har abada'' (2017) 
* Crown &lt;small&gt; (tare da Loose Kaynon) &lt;/small&gt; (2018) 
* ''Injiniyan Allah'' (2020) 
* ''Zinariya'' (2021) 
* Dubi Ɗan Rago &lt;small&gt;tare da M.I Abaga, Loose Kaynon da Blaqbonez&lt;/small&gt; (2022) 
* ETHOS &lt;small&gt; (tare da [[Brymo]]) &lt;/small&gt; (2022) 
* ''Injiniyan Allah 2'' (2023) 
* ''Purple Ba Ya wanzu'' (2024) 
* ''GE3 (Farko) '' (2025) 

=== Mixtapes da EPs ===

* ''Sauraro da Tsayawa'' (2005) 
* ''Maga Dole ne Ya Bi Mixtape'' (2006) 
* ''Ƙauna da Kudi (The Mixtape) '' (2008) 
* Ka yi wa mafi kyawun Rapper Ka yi Wauta (2012) 
* Ɗan Yahaya: Grace &amp; Glory (2014) 
* ''Ka kama Subka'' ɗinka (2016) 
* ''Ma'anar'' (2016) 
* ''Rahoton Rayuwa'' &lt;small&gt; (tare da M.I Abaga) &lt;/small&gt; (2020) 

=== Marasa aure ===

* &quot; (W) rap Najeriya&quot; (2005) 
* &quot;Yin Kuɗi&quot; (2007) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Video: A-Q - Names Ft Xtrim + Making money + 123 Shots :: Notjustok.c… |url=http://m.notjustok.com/2010/07/17/video-a-q-names-ft-xtrim-making-money-123-shots/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130727135257/http://m.notjustok.com/2010/07/17/video-a-q-names-ft-xtrim-making-money-123-shots/ |archive-date=27 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;Sunayen&quot; (2010) 
* &quot;Champagne da Rum&quot; (2011) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 October 2010 |title=champagne rum |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2010/10/08/new-music-aq-champagne-rum/ |access-date=22 May 2018 |website=Bellanaija.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;Me ya sa&quot; (2012) 
* &quot;Aikin Allah&quot; (2019) 
* &quot;L.A.M.B Cypher&quot; (2019) &lt;small&gt;tare da M.I Abaga, Loose Kaynon da Blaqbonez&lt;/small&gt;
* &quot;Dole ne ku ji da zama&quot; (2020) ft Oxlade
* &quot;Ka numfashi&quot; (2021) ft Chike

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1986]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Ghana</title>
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'''[[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta [[Ghana]]''' ('''GFA''') ita ce hukumar kula da kwallon kafa a Ghana, da ke zaune a babban birnin, [[Accra]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;team&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Southern Times-The Politics of Soccer How Kwame Nkrumah built a team of winners |url=http://www.southerntimesafrica.com/news_article.php?id=9181&amp;title=The%20Politics%20of%20Soccer%20%20%20How%20Kwame%20Nkrumah%20built%20a%20team%20of%20winners |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131210182642/http://www.southerntimesafrica.com/news_article.php?id=9181&amp;title=The%20Politics%20of%20Soccer%20%20%20How%20Kwame%20Nkrumah%20built%20a%20team%20of%20winners |archive-date=10 December 2013 |access-date=7 December 2013 |publisher=[[Southern Times Africa]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 January 2013 |title=Ghana Football Association signs 15-million US dollar sponsorship deal with Oil Company – Xinhua &amp;#124; English.news.cn |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-01/05/c_132080657.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131126185029/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-01/05/c_132080657.htm |archive-date=26 November 2013 |access-date=7 December 2013 |publisher=[[Xinhua News Agency]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kafa ta a shekara ta 1957 &lt;ref name=&quot;team&quot; /&gt; don maye gurbin kungiyar kwallon kafa ta [[Gold Coast (Mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya)|Gold Coast]] wacce aka kafa a 1920, tana shirya da kuma gudanar da wasannin kwallon kafa na Ghana, wasannin kofin kwallon kafa da kungiyoyin kasa.

A ranar 7 ga Yuni 2018, tsohon Ministan Wasanni, [[Isaac Kwame Asiamah]], ya rushe GFA, bayan gano cin hanci da rashawa a cikin ƙungiyar ta hanyar bidiyon bincike wanda daga baya ya zama Anas Aremeyaw Anas' Number 12 fallasa. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Breaking News: President Akufo-Addo dissolves GFA |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2018/June-7th/breaking-news-president-akufo-addo-dissolves-gfa.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162226/https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2018/June-7th/breaking-news-president-akufo-addo-dissolves-gfa.php |archive-date=12 June 2018 |access-date=8 June 2018 |website=myjoyonline.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Oktoba na 2019, an zabi Kurt Okraku, a matsayin sabon shugaban GFA bayan sake dubawa bayan kammala aikin Kwamitin daidaitawa na [[FIFA]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kurt Okraku is new Ghana FA president |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/sports/2019/October-25th/kurt-okraku-is-new-ghana-fa-president.php |access-date=6 November 2019 |website=myjoyonline.com |archive-date=6 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106155626/http://www.myjoyonline.com/sports/2019/October-25th/kurt-okraku-is-new-ghana-fa-president.php |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya aka zabi Mark Addo mataimakin shugaban kasa a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 November 2019 |title=Mark Addo is new Vice President of GFA |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/sports/sports-news/mark-addo-is-new-vice-president-of-gfa.html |access-date=6 November 2019 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt; An sake zabar Kurt Okraku a karo na biyu a matsayin Shugaban GFA a lokacin zaben su na 2023 a [[Tamale, Ghana]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Kurt Edwin Simeon-Okraku re-elected as GFA President |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/kurt-edwin-simeon-okraku-reelected-as-gfa-president |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=Ghana Football Association |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi ==

=== Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Gold Coast ===
Hukumar kwallon kafa ta Ghana (GFA) ita ce ta gaji kungiyar kwallon kafa [[Gold Coast (Mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya)|ta Gold Coast]], wacce ta kasance daya daga cikin tsoffin kungiyoyin kwallon kafa a Afirka, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1920. &lt;ref name=&quot;ghanaweb.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ghana Football Association, Biography |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Ghana-Football-Association-3586 |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=www.ghanaweb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'Yan kasuwan Turai sun bullo da wasan kwallon kafa a Gold Coast a karshen karni na 19. &lt;ref name=&quot;ghanaweb.com&quot; /&gt; Kamar yadda wasan ya zama sananne, an kafa kulake masu son da yawa a bakin tekun. &lt;ref name=&quot;ghanaweb.com&quot; /&gt; Bayanai sun nuna cewa Cape Coast da [[Accra]] sune biranen farko na mulkin mallaka a [[Yankin Saharar Afirka|yankin kudu da hamadar sahara]] da suka karbi bakuncin wasannin gasa a [[Gold Coast (Mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya)|gabar tekun Gold]] . Bayan rashin ƙarfi a cikin 1915, gasar ta fara a 1922 tare da Accra Hearts of Oak Sporting Club da ke fitowa a matsayin masu nasara, suna ɗaukar garkuwar Guggisberg da ake so - mai suna bayan gwamnan Birtaniya mai ci gaba na wancan lokacin da kuma mutumin da ya fara gasar kwallon kafa ta Accra, Sir Gordon Guggisberg. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Yeboah |first=Thomas Freeman |date=19 December 2013 |title=On this day: The first ever professional Premier League game was played in Ghana |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/on-this-day-the-first-ever-professional-premier-league-game-was-played-in-ghana |access-date=31 July 2023 |website=Ghana Soccernet}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;footballghana.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 August 2022 |title=The History and Development of Football in Ghana |url=https://footballghana.com/the-history-and-development-of-football-in-ghana |access-date=2023-07-31 |website=Footballghana |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 August 2022 |title=The History and Development of Football in Ghana |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/on-this-day-the-first-ever-professional-premier-league-game-was-played-in-ghana |access-date=31 July 2023 |website=Ghana Soccernet}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Matsayi na mai son ===
An kawo kwallon kafa zuwa Gold Coast kusa da ƙarshen karni na 19 ta 'yan kasuwa daga Turai, waɗanda a lokacin suka ci yankunan bakin teku kuma suka gina manyan birane da manyan gidaje don sauƙaƙe kasuwanci. A lokacin hutun su, ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa za su buga kwallon kafa tsakanin kansu da kuma 'yan asalin ƙasar.

Shahararren wasan ya bazu da sauri a bakin tekun, wanda ya kai ga kafa kulob din kwallon kafa na farko, Excelsior, a cikin 1903 da Mista Briton, ɗan ƙasar Jamaica wanda ya kasance Babban Malami na Makarantar Yara ta Gwamnatin Philip Quaque a Cape Coast. Yayinda shahararren wasan ya karu, an kafa wasu kungiyoyi masu son a bakin tekun, gami da: Accra Hearts of Oak, Accra Standfast, Cape Coast Venomous Vipers, Cape Coast Mysterious Dwarfs (yanzu Cape Coast Ebusua Dwarfs), Sekondi Hasaacas da Sekondi Eleven Wise.

=== Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Gold Coast ===
A cikin 1952, Gwamnatin Gold Coast ta kafa Dokar 14, wanda ya kafa Majalisar Wasanni ta Gold Coast, kuma ya ba Gwamnatin Gold Gold Coast ikon doka don sarrafa dukkan ƙungiyoyin mai son, gami da kwallon kafa.

Yayinda shahararren wasan ya bazu a duk faɗin ƙasar, kungiyoyin da ke akwai sun haɗu a ƙarshen 1930 kuma sun zabi Richard Maabuo Akwei a matsayin shugaban su.

Zuwa tsakiyar shekara ta 1950, kungiyoyin, karkashin jagorancin Ohene Djan, sun zargi Akwei da rashin kulawa kuma sun yi tambaya game da ikonsa na taimakawa wajen bunkasa kwallon kafa na Ghana. Don haka sun yi magana da korafe-korafe ga Gwamnan Gold Coast, Sir Charles Arden-Clarke, da kuma Mai shirya Wasanni na Pioneer, Joseph Ranadurai, game da rashin kula da Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Amateur ta Akwei. Yayinda ake magana da korafin, Ohene Djan ya jagoranci &quot;Jin juya halin kwallon kafa&quot; kuma ya yi nasarar hambarar da Gwamnatin Akwei a shekarar 1957.

=== Juyin Juya Halin Kwallon Kafa (1957) ===
A shekara ta 1957, an zabi Ohene Djan a matsayin Babban Sakatare na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta kungiyoyin kuma an kafa Kungiyar Kwando ta Ghana a hukumance. Ya haɗu da kungiyar tare da [[FIFA]] a 1958 da CAF a 1960. 

Ohene Djan ya taimaka wajen samun tallafi ga gasar cin kofin FA ta Ghana ta farko daga kamfanin samar da magunguna, Merrs R.R. Harding da Kamfanin. A cikin wannan shekarar ya yi nasarar samun sabis na Kocin Baƙo, [[George Ainsley]], don Ƙungiyar Ƙasa. Sa'an nan a shekara ta 1959, ya sake samun nasara wajen shirya gasar farko ta kasa, kafin Ghana ta zama jamhuriya a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1960.

=== Sanarwar Winneba ===
Ta hanyar sanarwar Winneba ta 1993, ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ghana ta sami damar kawar da matsayinta na mai son. Kafa kungiyoyin kwararru ya ba da damar kafa kungiyoyi a ƙarƙashin lambar kamfanoni (Dokar 179, 1963) a matsayin kamfanonin da ke da iyaka.&lt;ref name=&quot;footballghana.com&quot;/&gt;

=== Rushewa ===
[[Fayil:Kurt-okraku-standing-2305-g1050.jpg|thumb|Kurt Okraku ya zama shugaban kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Ghana a ranar 7 ga Oktoba 2019.]]
An rushe kungiyar 'tare da sakamako nan take' a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2018, bayan da ɗan jarida mai ɓoye Anas Aremeyaw Anas ya bayyana yawan cin hanci da rashawa a cikin ƙungiyar da ƙwallon ƙafa na Ghana gabaɗaya ta hanyar bincikensa, Lamba 12: Lokacin da Hauka da Cin Hanci da rashi suka zama ka'ida. An yi fim da alƙalai da jami'an kungiyar suna karɓar cin hanci.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt; Tsohon Ministan Wasanni [[Isaac Kwame Asiamah]] ya kira Kwesi Nyantakyi a kan Joy FM na Accra a matsayin &quot;tsohon shugaban kasa&quot; saboda duk makamai da masu alaƙa da GFA sun rushe. Saboda haka an soke Gasar Firimiya ta Ghana ta 2018 yayin da FIFA ta haramta Ghana daga duk wani gasa na kasa da kasa har sai an kara sanarwa. An shirya GFA don sake buɗewa a watan Agusta 2019.   &lt;ref name=&quot;BBC News&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-06-07 |title=Ghana Football Association dissolved after bribery allegations |url=https://www.africanews.com/2018/06/07/ghana-football-association-dissolved-after-bribery-allegations/ |access-date=2023-07-31 |website=[[Africanews]] |language=en |archive-date=2023-06-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616193619/https://www.africanews.com/2018/06/07/ghana-football-association-dissolved-after-bribery-allegations/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ghana's football association dissolved after bribery claims – DW – 06/07/2018 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/fifa-suspends-ghanas-football-chief-after-dissolution-of-countrys-football-association/a-44116707 |access-date=2023-07-31 |website=[[Deutsche Welle]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Durosomo |first=Damola |title=Ghana Football Association Dissolved Following Documentary Exposing Widespread Corruption - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/betraying-the-game-corruption-ghana-football-association-anas-aremeyaw-anas-disbanded-dissolved/ |access-date=2023-07-31 |website=Okayafrica |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Sake ginawa da ayyukan bayan haka ===
An gudanar da zabe a watan Oktoba na 2019 kuma daga cikin 'yan takara shida da suka yi takara, Kurt Okraku ya zama mai nasara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GFA Elections: Kurt Okraku elected President – as it happened |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/sports/2019/October-25th/live-ghana-fa-elections-finale-as-120-delegates-decide-new-president.php |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=[[Joy FM (Ghana)|MyJoyOnline.com]] |archive-date=25 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025165407/https://www.myjoyonline.com/sports/2019/October-25th/live-ghana-fa-elections-finale-as-120-delegates-decide-new-president.php |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019, an hada kwamitin kungiyar mata. Kungiyar ta kunshi Hilary Boateng (shugaban), Rosalind Amoh (Mataimakin shugaban), Nana Aba Anamoah, Cleopatra Nsia, Jerry Dogbatse, Nana Poku Fosu Geabour II da Kirista Isaac Mensah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nana Aba Anamoah, Rosalind Amoh gets GFA appointment |url=https://ghananewsagency.org/sports/nana-aba-anamoah-rosalind-amoh-gets-gfa-appointment-160347 |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=[[Ghana News Agency]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Janairun 2020, an nada Prosper Harrison Addo a matsayin Babban Sakatare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 January 2020 |title=GFA appoints Prosper Harrison Addo as General Secretary |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/sports/sports-news/gfa-appoints-prosper-harrison-addo-as-general-secretary.html |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An sanar da shi a farkon watan Janairun 2020 cewa an rushe ma'aikatan fasaha na dukkan kungiyoyin kasa. An yi wannan ne da niyyar ba da sabon farawa da haɓaka aikin ƙungiyoyi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Plans underway to restructure national teams – GFA |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/sports/2020/January-4th/plans-underway-to-restructure-national-teams-gfa.php |access-date=7 January 2020 |website=www.myjoyonline.com }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ghana has not been competitive – Kurt Okraku explains Kwesi Appiah axing |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/sports/2020/January-4th/ghana-has-not-been-competitive-kurt-okraku-explains-kwesi-appiah-axing.php |access-date=7 January 2020 |website=[[Joy FM (Ghana)|MyJoyOnline.com]] }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Dangane da rushewar, an nada Mercy Efua Tagoe-Quarcoo da CK Akonnor a matsayin manyan masu horar da Black Queens da Black Stars bi da bi. Mercy Tagoe-Quarcoo ta sami taimako daga Charles Anokye Frimpong da Charles Akonnor ta David Duncan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 January 2020 |title=Mercy Tagoe named as Black Queens coach |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/sports/sports-news/ghana-news-mercy-tagoe-named-as-black-queens-coach.html |access-date=16 January 2020 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 January 2020 |title=Black Stars: CK Akonnor named Head Coach of Ghana |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/sports/sports-news/black-stars-ck-akonnor-appointed-head-coach-of-ghana.html |access-date=16 January 2020 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kara Ma'aikatar Ƙungiyoyin Kasa a cikin kayan GFA kuma an nada Mista Alex Asante wanda yake Mataimakin Sakatare Janar a matsayin mukaddashin shugabanta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Alex Asante heads newly established GFA National Teams Department |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/alex-asante-heads-newly-established-gfa-national-teams-department |access-date=16 January 2020 |website=Ghana Football Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Satumbar 2020, Kotun Arbitration for Sport ta yi watsi da karar da Wilfred Kwaku Osei Palmer ya yi wanda, a tsakanin wasu, ya nemi ya soke zaben shugaban kasa na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Ghana da aka gudanar a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=CAS throws out Osei Palmer's appeal against Ghana Football Association |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/cas-throws-out-osei-palmers-appeal-against-ghana-football/17oiz3lof90wf1fg9pdvsln8hy |access-date=18 September 2020 |website=[[Goal.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Haɗin gwiwa ==
A ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2020, GFA ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya tare da Decathlon Ghana, ta sanya wasikar abokin ciniki na hukuma don kayan aiki da kayan aiki na Black Stars da sauran kayayyakin kasuwanci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-10-23 |title=GFA signs partnership agreement with Decathlon |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/sports/football/gfa-signs-partnership-agreement-with-decathlon/ |access-date=2020-10-23 |website=MyJoyOnline.com |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; An tsawaita yarjejeniyar har tsawon shekaru hudu a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2024.&lt;ref name=&quot;gfaextend&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 November 2024 |title=Decathlon Ghana extends partnership with Ghana Football Association |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/decathlon-ghana-extends-partnership-with-ghana-football-association |access-date=27 December 2024 |website=Ghana Soccernet |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 14 ga Satumba 2022, Access Bank Ghana ya zama abokin haɗin banki na GFA a cikin yarjejeniyar shekara guda ta US $ 250,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-09-14 |title=Access Bank named Division One League sponsor in $250k deal |url=https://www.businessghana.com/site/news/sports/270563/Access-Bank-named-Division-One-League-sponsor-in-250k-deal |access-date= |website=BusinessGhana}}&lt;/ref&gt; PUMA ita ce mai tallafawa kayan aiki na hukuma kuma [[Kamfanin Man Fetur na Kasa na Ghana]] (GNPC) ita ce mai ba da tallafi na hukuma ga manyan kungiyoyin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Partners |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/partners |access-date=2023-07-31 |website=Ghana Football Association |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙungiyoyin Ƙasa ==
Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Ghana ta kunshi kungiyoyi tara (9) na kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Ghana Football Association |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/ |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=Ghana Football Association |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan kungiyoyi sune:

* Black Stars &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Black Stars |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/category/black-stars |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=www.ghanafa.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Black Stars &quot;B&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Black Stars 'B' |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/category/black-stars-b |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=www.ghanafa.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Black Starlets &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Black Starlets |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/category/black-starlets |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=www.ghanafa.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Black Queens &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Black Queens |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/category/black-queens |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=www.ghanafa.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Black Meteors &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Black Meteors |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/category/black-meteors |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=www.ghanafa.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Black Maidens &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Black Maidens |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/category/black-maidens |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=www.ghanafa.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Black Satellites &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Black Satellites |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/category/black-satellites |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=www.ghanafa.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Black Princes &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Black Princesses |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/category/black-princesses |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=www.ghanafa.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Black Sharks &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Black-sharks |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/category/black-sharks |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=www.ghanafa.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== GFA Foundation ==
Ayyuka da Shirye-shiryen Gidauniyar an bayyana su ta hanyar batutuwa 5 ko wuraren mayar da hankali da aka taƙaita a ƙarƙashin acronym CARES: &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Programmes &amp; Projects |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/foundation/projects-and-programmes |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=www.ghanafa.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* '''C -''' Ci gaban Al'umma (Lafiya da Ilimi) 
* '''A -''' Taimako ga Mutanen da ba su da wadata
* R - Ragewa, Maimaitawa &amp; Maimaita
* '''E -''' Koyar da Fans a kan Hooliganism, wasa mai kyau da amincin kai
* '''S -''' Taimako ga jin daɗin tsoffin 'yan wasan ƙasa da jami'an kwallon kafa.

== Kofin Kasashen Afirka ==
Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Ghana tana da alaƙa da [[Confederation of African Football|CAF]] a cikin 1960,  kuma a cikin 1963 ta lashe tayin karɓar bakuncin [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|Kofin Kasashen Afirka]] na 5 (AFCON), don ya dace da Taron ([[Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Afirka|OAU]]) Shugabannin Jihohi da Gwamnati a Accra. Ghana ta lashe kofin kuma ta sake ci gaba don kare shi a [[Tunisiya]] a shekarar 1965.

Bayan nasarar 1965, Ghana ta dauki bakuncin kuma ta lashe gasar AFCON ta 13 a 1978, kuma shekaru hudu bayan haka, ta sake lashe ta a Tripoli, Libya. Kungiyar ta lashe AFCON sau hudu (a 1963, 1965, 1978, da 1982), wanda ya sa Ghana ta zama tawagar ta biyu mafi nasara a tarihin gasar, tare da [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Kamaru|Kamaru]].

Kodayake tawagar ba ta cancanci gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|Kofin Duniya na FIFA]] ba har zuwa shekara ta 2006, Ghana ta sami babban nasara a matakin matasa, ta lashe gasar cin kofen FIFA World Under-17 sau biyu kuma ta kammala matsayi na biyu sau biyu. Ghana kuma ta kammala ta biyu a gasar zakarun matasa ta duniya ta FIFA sau biyu.

Ghana ta zama kasar Afirka ta farko da ta lashe lambar yabo a kwallon kafa a gasar Olympics ta 1992 .

A shekara ta 2009, Ghana ta zama kasar Afirka ta farko da ta lashe gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta U-20 ta hanyar kayar da Brazil. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Today in History: Ghana beat Brazil with 10 men to win FIFA U-20 World Cup |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Today-in-History-Ghana-beat-Brazil-with-10-men-to-win-FIFA-U-20-World-Cup-789701 |access-date=6 November 2019 |website=www.ghanaweb.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Game da Kwallon ƙafa na mata, Ghana Black Queens sun shiga gasar cin kofin duniya biyu da [[Gasar Olympic|Wasannin Olympics]]. Sun kuma kasance masu cin gaba ga Falcons na [[Najeriya]] a gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka.

Ghana ta dauki bakuncin gasar AFCON a watan Janairun 2008.

Ghana ta cancanci gasar AFCON a watan Janairun 2017 bayan ta kammala saman rukuni na H a cikin matakan cancanta. 

Ghana ba ta iya samun cancanta ga gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 2025 a karo na farko ba tun shekara ta 20H04. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-11-20 |title=Ghana's failure to qualify for 2025 AFCON a big blow – Ibrahim Tanko - Adomonline.com |url=https://www.adomonline.com/ghanas-failure-to-qualify-for-2025-afcon-a-big-blow-ibrahim-tanko/ |access-date=2024-11-26 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mintah |first=Yaw Loic |date=2024-11-18 |title=2025 AFCON Qualifiers: Ghana ends campaign winless in abysmal and disappointing fashion |url=https://citisportsonline.com/2024/11/2025-afcon-qualifiers-ghana-ends-campaign-winless-in-abysmal-and-disappointing-fashion/ |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=Citi Sports Online |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Ghana ta nemi gafara ga 'yan Ghana saboda baƙar fata na Ghana ba su iya samun cancanta ga AFCON 2025 ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-11-21 |title=GFA issues apology to Ghanaians for Black Stars failure to qualify for AFCON 2025 - MyJoyOnline |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/gfa-issues-apology-to-ghanaians-for-black-stars-failure-to-qualify-for-afcon-2025/ |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-11-22 |title=GFA apologises to Ghanaians for Black Stars' 2025 AFCON qualifier failure - Adomonline.com |url=https://www.adomonline.com/gfa-apologises-to-ghanaians-for-black-stars-2025-afcon-qualifier-failure/ |access-date=2024-11-26 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-01-30 |title=GFA apologises to Ghanaians, accepts responsibility for Black Stars' early AFCON exit |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2024/01/gfa-apologises-to-ghanaians-accepts-responsibility-for-black-stars-early-afcon-exit/ |access-date=2024-11-26 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shugabannin zartarwa / Shugabannin ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable collapsible sortable&quot;
!Shugaban kasa
!Matsayin mukamin
|-
|Mista Ohene Djan
|1957–60
|-
|Mista H. P. Nyemitei
|1966–67
|-
|Nana Fredua Mensah
|1967–68
|-
|Mista H. P. Nyemitei
|1968–71
|-
|Mista Henry Djaba
|1971–72
|-
|Maj. Janar R. E. Kotei[[Robert Kotei|R. E. A. Kotei]]
|1972–73
|-
|Col. Brew-Graves
|1973–75
|-
|Maj. George Lamptey
|1975–77
|-
|Maj. D. O. Asiamah
|1977–79
|-
|Mista I. R. Aboagye
|1979
|-
|Mista Samuel Okyere
|1979–80
|-
|Mista S. K. Mainoo
|1980–82
|-
|Mista Zac Bentum
|1982–83
|-
|Mista L. Ackah-Yensu
|1983–84
|-
|Mista L. T. K. Kaisar
|1984
|-
|Mista E. O. Teye
|1984–86
|-
|Mista Samuel Okyere
|1986–90
|-
|Mista Awuah Nyamekye
|1990–92
|-
|Mista Joe Lartey
|1992–93
|-
|Mista Samuel Brew-Butler
|1993–97
|-
|Alhaji M. N. D. Jawula
|1997–2001
|-
|Mista Ben Koufie
|2001–03
|-
|Dokta [[Nyaho Nyaho-Tamakloe|N. Nyaho-Tamakloe]]
|2004–05
|-
|Mista Kwesi Nyantakyi
|2005–2018
|-
|Mista Kurt Okraku
|2019-ya zuwa yanzu
|}
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 October 2019 |title=GFA Plaque Wrong: Here are the heads of Ghana Football Association since 1950 |url=https://mobile.footballghana.com/gfa-plaque-wrong-here-are-the-heads-of-ghana-football-association-since-1950 |access-date=27 December 2022 |website=footballghana.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kwamitin zartarwa ==
A ranar Alhamis 24 ga Oktoba, 2019, wakilan Premier League, Division One League, da Kwallon Kafa na Mata sun taru a sakatariyar Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Ghana a Accra don zabar wakilan su don sabuwar Majalisar Zartarwa da aka kafa.

Masu gudanar da kwallon kafa goma sun fito ne a matsayin zaɓaɓɓun membobin Majalisar Zartarwa ta mutum 12. Wannan majalisa da aka sake ginawa ta kunshi wakilai masu daraja, ciki har da uku daga Division One League, biyu daga Kungiyar Yankin, daya daga Kungiyar Mata, da sauran mukamai da mambobin Premier League suka cika.

Da ke ƙasa akwai cikakken jerin sunayen Majalisar Zartarwa

'''Gasar Firimiya'''

* Tony Aubynn (Medeama SC) 
* Frederick Acheampong (Ashanti Gold SC) 
* [[George Amoako]] (Asante Kotoko) 
* Kinsley Osei Bonsu ([[Bechem United FC|Bechem United]]) 
* Nana Oduro Sarfo (Brekum Chelsea) 

'''Ƙungiyar Ɗaya'''

* Randy Abbey (Zuciyar Zaki) 
* Samuel Anim Addo (Matasa Manzanni) 
* Mark Addo (Nzema Kotoko) 

'''RFA'''

* Linsford Asamoah ([[Yankin Gabashi (Ghana)|Yankin Gabas]]) 

'''Kwallon ƙafa na Mata'''

* Madam Habiba Atta Forson (Mata masu ban sha'awa) 

== Zarge-zarge na gyara wasan ==
Wani bincike na sirri wanda The Telegraph da Channel 4 suka jagoranta ya zargi Kwesi Nyantakyi da sauran jami'an Tarayyar Ghana da gyaran wasan. A cewar wannan binciken duk da haka, zargin ya shafi wasannin sada zumunci na kasa da kasa kawai - don haka, wasannin da tawagar kasar Ghana ta buga a gasar cin Kofin Duniya na 2014 ba su da tasiri ga zarge-zargen.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 June 2014 |title=Football match-fixing: Ghana deal casts cloud over World Cup finals in Brazil |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10918321/Football-match-fixing-deal-casts-cloud-over-World-Cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140623034649/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10918321/Football-match-fixing-deal-casts-cloud-over-World-Cup.html |archive-date=23 June 2014 |access-date=22 June 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwesi Nyantakyi ya musanta zargin gyara wasan, yana cewa, &quot;ra'ayin jaridar ko gidan watsa labarai gaba ɗaya ba daidai ba ne, kuma &quot;babu wani dalili na fargabar kamar yadda na damu, saboda babu wani abu da ya faru da ya shafi ni ko Tarayya&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nyantakyi denies agreeing match fixing contract |url=http://www.ghanafa.org/pages/gfa/201406/9712.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625114146/http://ghanafa.org/pages/gfa/201406/9712.php |archive-date=25 June 2014 |access-date=23 June 2014 |publisher=Ghana Football Federation}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Matasa Canjin Kudin Matasa ==
Kotun Arbitration for Sport (CAS) ta ba da hukuma don tallafawa Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Ghana (GFA) a cikin wata takaddama ta shari'a da ta shafi Kungiyar Kwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwasan Tema game da canja wurin mai tsaron [[Joseph Paintsil]] zuwa kungiyar KRC Genk ta Belgium. Joseph Paintsil ya shiga KRC Genk daga Tema Youth a cikin 2018, kuma jayayya ta tashi game da aikace-aikacen da ya dace na Mataki na 33 (5) C na dokokin GFA, wanda ya shafi biyan kashi na horo da kudaden canja wuri a cikin asusun ci gaban kwallon kafa.

Hukuncin CAS ya goyi bayan matsayin GFA, kuma a sakamakon haka, Tema Youth dole ne ya biya Yuro 150,000 ga GFA. An kuma buƙaci su biya Yuro 688,000 ga Young Redbull FC (Kungiyar Ghana ta baya ta Paintsil) da Yuro 150,000 ga Kungiyar Kungiyoyin Ghana League (GHALCA).

CAS ta ki amincewa da duk ikirarin da Tema Youth ta kawo a kan Young Red Bull FC kuma ta yi watsi da wadanda ke da niyyar GFA. An kuma umarci Tema Youth da su biya GFA 4,000 Swiss Francs a matsayin gudummawa ga kudaden shari'a da sauran kudaden da suka shafi ayyukan sasantawa.

Wannan hukuncin ya nuna ƙarshen jerin shari'o'in da Tema Youth SC ta fara, wanda ya fara ne lokacin da Young Red Bull ya gabatar da da'awar a kan Tema Youth game da yarjejeniyar canja wurin su ga Joseph Paintsil. Kwamitin Matsayin Mai kunnawa na GFA da Kwamitin daukaka kara a baya sun yi hukunci a madadin GFA a wannan al'amari.

A sakamakon hukuncin CAS, Tema Youth SC, a halin yanzu a gasar zakarun Ghana ta uku, za ta ci gaba da samun raguwar maki ga kowane wasan da aka buga har sai an warware bashin da suka rage. Bugu da ƙari, za a sanya haramcin canja wurin, a cikin gida da na duniya, har sai an cimma cikakken sasantawa ko kuma an amince da juna.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 September 2023 |title=Graphic Online |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/sports/sports-news/gfa-wins-eur150-000-award-in-tema-youth-joseph-paintsil-transfer-fee-case.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Adomi Bridge</title>
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'''Gadar Adomi''' (asali '''gadar Volta''' ) gada ce da ke ratsa bakin karfe da ke ratsa kogin Volta a Atimpoku a [[Ghana]] a [[Afirka ta Yamma|yammacin Afirka]] . Ita ce gada ta farko ta dindindin da za ta ratsa kogin Volta, wadda ta ratsa kudu zuwa [[Tekun Guinea|mashigin tekun Guinea]], kuma ita ce gadar dakatarwa mafi tsayi a Ghana. Yana bayar da babbar hanyar, kusa da [[madatsar ruwan Akosombo]], tsakanin [[Yankin Gabashi (Ghana)|yankin Gabas]] da [[yankin Volta]] na Ghana. [[Kwame Nkrumah]], shugaban Ghana na farko ne ya bude ta a shekarar 1957. Babbar gadar baka mai siffar jinjirin wata tana cikin tambari da kudin Ghana.

== Tarihi ==
[[Fayil:The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-46-41.jpg|left|thumb|Adomi Bridge da ake ginawa a shekara ta 1957. N2 a baya ya haɗa Tema da [[Yankin Volta]]]]
A shekara ta 1953 (kafin samun 'yancin Ghana a shekara ta 1956 daga mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya), an yanke shawarar gina gada a fadin Kogin Volta don maye gurbin sabis na jirgin ruwa a Senchi inda jinkirin ya kasance a wasu lokuta har zuwa 'yan kwanaki. Bincike ya nuna kyakkyawan shafin don ƙetare guda ɗaya game da tsayi 800 a wani kunkuntar wuyan kogi a Adomi, game da kilomita 2.5 daga saman jirgin ruwa kuma kusa da madatsar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki da aka tsara a lokacin a cikin Volta River Project. An zana zane-zane da yawa don gadar baka ko gadar dakatarwa a Adomi da sauran shafuka kuma an haɓaka ƙididdigar farashi. Kwamitin Ci Gaban Ci gaba ya zaɓi kusurwar guda ɗaya a Adomi . &lt;ref name=&quot;scott roberts 1958&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Scott |first=Peter Adamson |last2=Roberts |first2=Gilbert |title=The Volta Bridge |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1680/iicep.1958.2304 |access-date=2 August 2020 |website=Institute of Civil Engineers Virtual Library |publisher=Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, E-ISSN 1753-7789, Volume 9, Issue 4, April 1958, pp. 395-432}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;
[[Fayil:Volta_Bridge_plague.jpg|left|thumb|annoba ta tunawa da budewar 1957 ta [[Kwame Nkrumah]]]]
A cikin Fall 1953 an nada injiniyoyin ba da shawara: [[Halcrow Group|Sir William Halcrow &amp; Partners]] sune masu gudanar da aikin kuma sun tsara duk hanyoyin kusanci da tsawo, yayin da [[Freeman Fox &amp; Partners]] suka tsara gadar arko guda ɗaya. Bayan shekara guda, an gayyaci masu siyarwa don cikakken aikin, gami da hanyoyin kusanci, gadar bakan da kusanci. A watan Janairun 1955, an daidaita kwangilar kuma wasu ma'aikatan gini sun fara zuwa wurin. [[Dorman Long]] (Bridge and Engineering) Ltd ita ce babban dan kwangila na gini kuma [[Cleveland Bridge &amp; Engineering Company|Kamfanin Cleveland Bridge &amp; Engineering]] Company shine mai kirkirar ƙarfe. An fara aiki a kan gadar ne a watan Maris na shekara ta 1955, tare da sassan ƙarfe da aka riga aka yi a Ƙasar Ingila, yayin da aka gudanar da ayyukan kankare don kusanci da ƙuƙwalwar gadar a wurin. An tsara sassan da aka riga aka yi su gaba ɗaya, amma kusan dukkanin gine-ginen ƙarfe a wurin an tsara su azaman haɗin da aka ɗora, gami da waɗanda ke saman da ƙananan ƙira na ƙwanƙwasawa. An gina hanyar motar kankare bayan an kammala aikin ƙarfe don bakan da bene. A watan Janairun shekara ta 1957 an kammala aikin sosai. Jimlar kudin da aka kammala aikin ya kai fam dubu 682.&lt;ref name=&quot;scott roberts 19582&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Scott |first=Peter Adamson |last2=Roberts |first2=Gilbert |title=The Volta Bridge |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1680/iicep.1958.2304 |access-date=2 August 2020 |website=Institute of Civil Engineers Virtual Library |publisher=Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, E-ISSN 1753-7789, Volume 9, Issue 4, April 1958, pp. 395-432}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin gadar da aka yi ==
[[Fayil:Adome_Bridge,_River_Volta,_Ghana.jpg|left|thumb|Adomi Bridge karfe arc goyan bayan hanya mai layin biyu]]
William Brown na injiniyoyin Freeman Fox &amp;amp;amp; Partners ne ya tsara gadar guda ɗaya. Yana da gada mai siffar ƙarfe mai siffar azurfa mai siffar arfa tare da hanyar hanya guda biyu da aka dakatar da igiyoyi.&lt;ref name=&quot;structurae&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |year=2012 |title=Adome Bridge (1957) Structurae |url=http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?id=s0010640 |access-date=April 24, 2012 |website=en.structurae.de}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙananan ƙuƙwalwar ta tashi {{Convert|158.5|ft}}   sama da hinges kuma babban tsayi yana da {{Convert|805|ft}}   tsawo. Don yin kyakkyawan siffar ƙwanƙwasawa, ƙananan ƙuƙwalwar da aka kafa ta ƙananan ƙuchu shine parabola, kuma ƙuƙwalwa ta sama an samo ta ne daga gare ta hanyar raguwa ta hanyar logarithmically daga tsakiya zuwa hinges.&lt;ref name=&quot;scott roberts 1958&quot;/&gt;
{{Blockquote|''Aesthetically the arch was the perfect complement to the trough of the valley... and the silver colour proposed for the steelwork would offset the green of the hills against which it would be seen.''  --Scott and Roberts (1958)&lt;ref name=&quot;scott roberts 1958&quot; /&gt;}}
Kamar yadda aka dakatar da gadon hanya ta hanyar kebul na tsaye (hangers) da aka haɗa da tashar ƙarfe, ana iya ɗaukar gadar a matsayin nau'in tashar tashar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A mathematical model of a suspension bridge – case study: Adomi bridge, Atimpoku, Ghana. |url=http://beta.garj.org/garjeti/pdf/2012/June/Kwofie%20et%20al.pdf |access-date=2 August 2020 |website=Global Advanced Research Journals |publisher=Global Advanced Research Journal of Engineering, Technology and Innovation Vol. 1(3) pp. 047-062, June, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Biyu na igiyoyi masu tsaye ko hangers an haɗa su a tsakanin 35ft zuwa katako na katako, wanda, tare da katako shida na katako da bracers a tsakanin katako na tsakiya, suna tallafawa nauyin hanya da nauyinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;scott roberts 1958&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ohemeng 2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ohemeng |first=Yaw 'Frank' |date=24 July 2008 |title=Adomi Bridge – Possible Causes and Potential Repairs |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/175681/1/adomi-bridge-possible-causes-and-potential-repairs.html |access-date=2 August 2020 |website=Modern Ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Kwame Nkrumah]], Firayim Minista na Gold Coast kuma Shugaban Ghana na farko ne ya buɗe gadar a hukumance a ranar 25 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1957. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Volta Bridge and Lake, Ghana |url=http://www.john-knapton.com/volta.htm |access-date=2 August 2020 |website=john-knapton.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yana ɗauke da Hanyar Kasa ta N2 kuma ya kasance mai taimako sosai ga matafiya da 'yan kasuwa waɗanda ke amfani da hanya don samun damar zuwa gabas da arewacin yankunan Ghana.

== Hanyar zuwa gadar ==
Adomi Bridge yana cikin Atimpoku a [[Yankin Gabashi (Ghana)|Yankin Gabas]] Ghana, wanda ke kusa da Kogin Volta . Ginin yana ɗauke da Hanyar Kasa N2 kuma yana haɗa ɓangarorin Yankin Gabas da Juapong a Gundumar Arewacin Tongu, Ho, Hohoe, da sauran garuruwa a [[Yankin Volta]]. Tafiye-tafiye daga yankunan arewacin Ghana a kan N2 zai ratsa hanyar gabas kuma a ƙarshe ya yi amfani da Adomi Bridge don haye Kogin Volta. Ginin yana da nisan kilomita {{Convert|87|km}} (54  arewa maso gabashin [[Accra]], babban birnin Ghana, kuma kimanin kilomita {{Convert|75|km}} (47  arewacin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Tema.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Routes to Adomi Bridge |url=http://www.dearghana.com/attractions/adomi-bridge/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128132357/http://www.dearghana.com/attractions/adomi-bridge/ |archive-date=28 January 2015 |access-date=23 January 2015 |website=dearghana.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan farfadowa ==

* 2008: An gano wasu manyan fashewa, watakila saboda gajiya, a kan katako na gadar a tsakiyar tsakiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;ohemeng 2008&quot;/&gt; Bayan wadannan binciken, Gwamnatin Ghana ta sanya iyakar kaya a kan gadar don rage yawan lalacewar. An karfafa katako da aka fashe ta hanyar shigar da ƙarin faranti na ƙarfe a wuraren da abin ya shafa. Ci gaba da amfani da gadar ta hanyar manyan motoci duk da haka, ya kara lalata amincin bene da kwanciyar hankali.&lt;ref name=&quot;rehab 2015&quot; /&gt;
* 2009: An sami karin raguwa, galibi a kusa da wannan yanki kamar yadda aka gano a baya; wannan ya bukaci manyan ayyukan gyarawa a kan gadar dakatarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Photographs of the Adomi Bridge, April 2016 |url=https://independent-travellers.com/ghana/adomi_bridge/ |access-date=September 18, 2017 |website=Independent Travellers |publisher=independent-travellers.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2011: An kammala cikakken binciken gada a watan Afrilun 2011. Gabaɗaya, an gano akwatin yana cikin yanayi mai kyau, amma gadar ta kasance mafi muni fiye da yadda ake tsammani, wanda aka danganta shi da nauyin zirga-zirga da rashin kulawa, kuma ya kamata a maye gurbinsa.&lt;ref name=&quot;rehab 2015&quot; /&gt;
* 2014: An rufe gadar don zirga-zirga a ranar 10 ga Maris 2014 don maye gurbin dukkan titin da aka dakatar da shi da duk masu ratayewa, ta injiniyoyin Bilfinger MCE GmbH na Austria na Yuro miliyan 13.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Adomi bridge to be closed down Monday |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2014/March-9th/adomi-bridge-to-be-closed-down-monday.php |access-date=10 March 2014 |publisher=myjoyonline.com |archive-date=10 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310001236/http://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2014/March-9th/adomi-bridge-to-be-closed-down-monday.php |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Adomi bridge rehabilitation 80% complete |url=http://ghana-net.com/adomi-bridge.html |access-date=2 August 2020 |website=ghana-net.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An maye gurbin tsohuwar bene na kankare da ƙarami, mai ƙarfi na orthotropic tare da kashin biyu: farantin ƙarfe tare da katako biyu masu ci gaba, suna gudana a ƙarƙashin hanyoyi / hanyoyi, tare da duk lokacin da aka dakatar.&lt;ref name=&quot;rehab 2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Eitelberger |first=Johannes |last2=Herrmann |first2=P |last3=Widmann |first3=M |date=September 2015 |title=Rehabilitation of the Adomi Bridge in Ghana |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328191395_Rehabilitation_of_the_Adomi_Bridge_in_Ghana |access-date=2 August 2020 |website=researchgate.net |publisher=Proceedings of the International Symposium on Steel Bridges}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2015: An bude sabon gadar da aka gyara don zirga-zirga a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2015. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mahama gets first ride on 'new' Adomi bridge |url=http://citifmonline.com/2015/12/19/mahama-gets-first-ride-on-new-adomi-bridge-photos/ |access-date=4 February 2018 |archive-date=5 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205125957/http://citifmonline.com/2015/12/19/mahama-gets-first-ride-on-new-adomi-bridge-photos/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wurin yawon bude ido ==
A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2019, an rarraba Adomi Bridge a matsayin wurin yawon bude ido bayan yarjejeniya tsakanin Gundumar Asuogyaman, [[Hukumar Kula da Manyan Hanyoyi, Ghana|Hukumar Hanyar Ghana]] da Kamfanin Ci gaban Yawon Bude Ido na Ghana (GTDC). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Adomi Bridge now classified as tourist site |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2019/April-28th/adomi-bridge-now-classified-as-tourist-site.php |access-date=28 April 2019 |website=Myjoyonline |publisher=Myjoyonline |archive-date=28 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428154354/https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2019/April-28th/adomi-bridge-now-classified-as-tourist-site.php |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hotuna ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fayil:Volta_Bridge_at_Adomi.jpg|alt=Adomi Bridge from abutment| Adomi Bridge daga abutment
Fayil:Adome_Bridge,_Ghana.jpg|alt=Aerial view from the north of the Adomi Bridge| Duban iska daga arewacin gadar Aomi
Fayil:Lake_Volta_06.jpg|alt=The silver crescent-shaped Adomi Bridge from the Volta River| Gadar Adomi mai siffar jinjirin wata na azurfa daga kogin Volta
Fayil:Adome_Bridge_2010.jpg|alt=Adomi Bridge in 2010| Adomi Bridge a cikin 2010
Fayil:Nice_bridge,_close_to_Akosombo_Dam.jpg|alt=Adomi Bridge hangers from arch to the transverse beams| Gadar Adomi tana ratayewa daga baka zuwa madaidaicin katako
Fayil:Adomi_II.jpg|alt=Adomi bridge from afar| Adomi gada daga nesa
Fayil:2000_cedis_(1994).png|alt=Adomi Bridge on a 1994 2000 Cedis banknote| Adomi Bridge akan takardar banki [[Cedi na Ghana|ta Cedis]] 1994 2000
Fayil:Adormi_bridge.jpg|alt=Adomi bridge| Adomi gada
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>2015 Ghana Yanayin Shari'a</title>
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Wani cin hanci da rashawa a cikin Shari'a na Ghana a watan Satumbar 2015 biyo bayan fallasawar da ɗan jarida mai bincike Anas Aremyaw Anas ya yi &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Myjoyonline.com |title=Ghana News - Scandal: Let’s celebrate incorruptible judges in Anas’ exposé |url=http://myjoyonline.com/news/2015/September-11th/scandal-lets-celebrate-incorruptible-judges-in-anas-expose.php |access-date=2015-09-11 |website=myjoyonline.com |archive-date=2015-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150914010528/http://myjoyonline.com/news/2015/September-11th/scandal-lets-celebrate-incorruptible-judges-in-anas-expose.php |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Accused Ghana judges shown bribe videos - BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-34210925 |access-date=2015-09-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi ==
Anas ya gudanar da bincike na shekaru biyu na sirri game da bangaren shari'a a Ghana kuma ya fitar da shaidar sauti da bidiyo game da cin hanci da rashawa da ke faruwa.

Bayan fallasawa, an dakatar da [[Alkali|alƙalai]] da majistare 22 kuma alƙalai 12 na Babban Kotun suna cikin bincike.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=[[Nana Boakye-Yiadom (journalist)|Nana Boakye-Yiadom]] |title=Chief Justice cracks whip: 22 'corrupt' judges suspended |url=http://citifmonline.com/2015/09/09/chief-justice-cracks-whip-22-corrupt-judges-suspended/ |access-date=2015-09-11 |website=citifmonline |archive-date=2015-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911223342/http://citifmonline.com/2015/09/09/chief-justice-cracks-whip-22-corrupt-judges-suspended/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adjorlolo |first=Ruth Abla |title=22 Ghanaian Judges Suspended Over Alleged Corrupt Practices |url=http://www.gbcghana.com/1.6725613 |access-date=2015-09-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Myjoyonline.com |title=Ghana News - 22 judges suspended |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2015/September-10th/22-judges-suspended.php |access-date=2015-09-11 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |archive-date=2015-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911194125/http://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2015/September-10th/22-judges-suspended.php |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ofori-Atta |first=Prince |title=22 Ghanaian judges suspended over corruption scandal {{!}} West Africa |url=http://www.theafricareport.com/West-Africa/22-ghanaian-judges-suspended-over-corruption-scandal.html |access-date=2015-09-11 |website=www.theafricareport.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Alƙalai da aka tuhuma ===
Alƙalai goma sha biyu na Babban Kotun da aka tuhume su a cikin wannan abin kunya sun haɗa da:

* Mai Shari'a Essel Mensah
* Mai Shari'a Charles Quist
* Mai shari'a Peter U. Dery
* Mai Shari'a John Ajet Nassam
* Mai Shari'a Ernest Obimpe
* Mai Shari'a Mustapha Habib Logoh
* Mai Shari'a Yaw Ansu-Gyeabour
* Mai Shari'a Ayisi Addo
* Mai Shari'a Mohammed Iddrisu
* Adalci Yaw Badu
* Mai Shari'a Heward Mills &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Full list of indicted High court judges |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Full-list-of-indicted-High-court-judges-380965 |access-date=2015-09-11 |website=www.ghanaweb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Cin hanci da rashawa a Ghana
* Jerin shari'o'in cin hanci da rashawa a Ghana

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Gatakar najeriya da maxico</title>
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      <comment>Replacing Heads_of_State_Cancun_Summit_1981.jpg with [[File:Reagan_Thatcher_Boigny_Sattar_Benjedid_Genscher_Trudeau_Portillo_Fahd_Pahr_Guerreiro_Ziyang_Marcos_Kraigher_Nyerere_Suzuki_Burnham_Mitterrand_Gandhi_Shagari_Falldin_Campins_Waldheim_-_DPLA_-_a9b3</comment>
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Kasashen [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]] da [[Najeriya]] sun kafa dangantakar diflomasiyya a 1976  kuma kasashe ne masu iko na yanki guda biyu a Latin Amurka da [[Afirka]], bi da bi. Kasashen biyu mambobi ne na rukuni na 15, rukuni na 24 da [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]].

== Tarihi ==
Kasashen guda biyu sun kafa dangantakar diflomasiyya da juna a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 1976.  Watanni uku bayan kafa dangantakar diflomasiyya, Mexico ta bude ofishin jakadancin a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], duk da haka, an rufe ofishin jakadun a 1979 saboda matsalolin kudi. A cikin 1981, Najeriya ta buɗe ofishin jakadancin a [[Mexico (birni)|Birnin Mexico]] kuma daga baya ta rufe ofishinta na diflomasiyya shekaru biyu bayan haka a cikin 1983. Najeriya ta sake buɗe ofishin jakadancinta a Mexico a shekara ta 2000 kuma Mexico ta bi ta hanyar buɗe ofishin Jakadancin a [[Abuja]] (sabuwar babban birnin Najeriya tun 1991) a shekara ta 2008. &lt;ref name=&quot;Relations&quot; /&gt;

A cikin 1981, Shugaban Najeriya [[Shehu Shagari]] ya halarci taron koli na Shuwagabannin Jihohi a [[Cancun|Cancún]] inda ya sadu da takwaransa, Shugaban Mexico José López Portillo da shuwagabannin wasu kasashe. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Regan Meets with Chinese and Mexican Leaders(Published 1981) |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/22/world/reagan-meets-with-chinese-and-mexican-leaders.html |website=[[The New York Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun daga shekara ta 2000, dangantakar da ke tsakanin kasashen biyu da kuma tarurruka masu girma tsakanin kasashen biyu sun karu sosai. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2002, Shugaban Najeriya [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ya kai ziyararsa ta farko zuwa Mexico don halartar [[Monterrey]]_Consensus&quot; id=&quot;mwKA&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Monterrey Consensus&quot;&gt;Yarjejeniyar Monterrey da aka gudanar a arewacin birnin Monterrey na Mexico. A watan Satumbar 2002, Shugaba Vicente Fox ya zama shugaban kasar Mexico na farko da ya kai ziyara a Najeriya. A watan Satumbar 2005, Shugaban Najeriya Olusegun Obasanjo ya ziyarci Mexico na biyu.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2013, Mataimakin Sakataren Harkokin Waje na Mexico Lourdes Aranda Bezaury ya ziyarci Najeriya kuma ya sadu da Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] .  A cikin 2014, [[Jim O'Neill, Baron O'Neill na Gatley|Jim O'Neill]], wanda aka sani da ƙirƙirar kalmar BRIC a cikin shekara ta 2001, ya kirkiro kalmar ''MINT'' (Mexico, [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], Najeriya, da [[Turkiyya]]) acronym wanda ke nufin ƙungiyar ƙasashe masu damar samun saurin ci gaban tattalin arziki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jim O'Neill's MINT Theory Advances a &quot;Perfect Storm&quot;—for Whom? |url=https://nacla.org/blog/2014/2/3/jim-o%25E2%2580%2599neill%25E2%2580%2599s-mint-theory-advances-perfect-storm%25E2%2580%2594-whom |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=NACLA |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan shekarar, ofishin jakadancin Mexico a Najeriya ya kaddamar da Kamfanin Kasuwanci da Masana'antu na Najeriya da Mexico (NMCCI) don inganta kasuwanci tsakanin kasashen biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria, Mexico Launch Chamber Of Commerce And Industry |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2014/12/13/nigeriamexico-launch-chamber-of-commerce-and-industry/ |access-date=2024-04-27 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Fabrairun 2020, al'adun Mexico sun kwace wani tsohuwar tagulla na [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] kuma sun mayar da shi Najeriya. Daga baya aka ayyana siffar ta zama karya a cewar mai kula da gidan kayan gargajiya na Afirka ta Tsakiya a Tervuren, [[Beljik|Belgium]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-03-18 |title=Yoruba archeological piece Mexico returned to Nigeria is fake |url=https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/english/yoruba-archeological-piece-mexico-returned-nigeria-fake |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=El Universal |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2024, kasashen biyu sun yi bikin shekaru 48 na dangantakar diflomasiyya.

== Ziyarar da aka yi da matsayi mai girma ==
[[Fayil:Reagan Thatcher Boigny Sattar Benjedid Genscher Trudeau Portillo Fahd Pahr Guerreiro Ziyang Marcos Kraigher Nyerere Suzuki Burnham Mitterrand Gandhi Shagari Falldin Campins Waldheim - DPLA - a9b3d3e36d8e15226f167727a0e6aafe.jpg|right|thumb|Shugaban Najeriya [[Shehu Shagari]] yana halartar taron koli na Arewa da Kudu a Cancún tare da takwaransa na Mexico, Shugaba José López Portillo; 1981]]
'''Ziyarar da ta fi girma daga Mexico zuwa Najeriya'''

* Shugaba Vicente Fox (2002) 
* Wakilin Musamman Roberto Zapata Barradas (2013) 
* Mataimakin Sakataren Harkokin Waje Lourdes Aranda Bezaury (2013) 
* Darakta Janar na ProMéxico Francisco González Díaz (2016, 2018) 
* Darakta Janar na Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya Jorge Álvarez Fuentes (2018) 

'''Ziyarar da ta fi girma daga Najeriya zuwa Mexico'''

* Shugaba [[Shehu Shagari]] (1981) 
* Shugaba [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] (2002, 2005) 
* Mataimakin Ministan Kudi Yerima Lawan Ngama (2013) 
* Ministan kudi [[Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala]] (2014) 

== Yarjejeniyar Biyu ==
Kasashen biyu sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyoyi da dama na bangarorin biyu kamar Yarjejeniyar Ilimi da Al'adu (1999); Yarjejeniyar Kafa Tattaunawa kan Amfani na Mutuwa (2012); Yarjejeniya ta Fahimtar tsakanin ProMéxico da Majalisar don Inganta Fitarwa ta Najeriya (2015); Yarjejeniyarsa ta Fahimtar Tsaro tsakanin Bancomext da Bankin Najeriya don Fitarwa da Shigarwa; (2015) da kuma Yarjejeniyar Fahimtar Tsayawa tsakanin Hukumar Jami'o'i ta Kasa ta Najeriya da Ƙungiyar Jami'o-Jami'i da Cibiyoyin Ilimi ta Mexico (2016).

== Dangantakar kasuwanci ==
A cikin 2023, cinikayya tsakanin kasashe biyu ya kai dala miliyan 121.6.  Babban fitarwa na Mexico zuwa Najeriya sun hada da: motoci da sauran motoci, barasa, alkama da meslin, kifi, magani, tarho da wayoyin hannu, da bututu da bututu. Babban fitar da Najeriya zuwa Mexico sun hada da: shuke-shuke, tsaba, 'ya'yan itatuwa, ma'adinai ko nitrogenados na sinadarai; kwayar koko, da wayoyin lantarki da igiyoyi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Trade2&quot; /&gt; Kamfanoni masu yawa na Mexico kamar su [[Cemex]] da Grupo Bimbo suna aiki a Najeriya. A watan Janairun 2020, kamfanin biyan kuɗi na hannu na Najeriya Paga ya ba da sanarwar ƙaddamar da ayyukanta a Mexico da Latin Amurka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria's Paga acquires Apposit, confirms Mexico and Ethiopia expansion |url=https://techcrunch.com/2020/01/21/nigerias-paga-acquires-apposit-confirms-mexico-and-ethiopia-expansion/ |access-date=2020-01-21 |website=TechCrunch |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Embajada_de_Nigeria_en_Ciudad_de_México.jpg|right|thumb|Ofishin Jakadancin Najeriya a Birnin Mexico]]

== Ayyukan diflomasiyya na mazauna ==

* Mexico tana da ofishin jakadanci a [[Abuja]] . 
* Najeriya tana da ofishin jakadanci a [[Mexico (birni)|Birnin Mexico]].

== Dubi kuma ==

* Richard Okunorobo

== Manazarta ==</text>
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{{Infobox event|image=Satellite image of 2019 Southeast Asian haze in Borneo - 20190915.jpg|caption=A [[NASA]] satellite image showing the extent of the haze in Borneo on 15 September 2019.|participants=|notes=}} 

Rikicin gurɓata iska na ƙasa da ƙasa ya shafi kasashe da yawa a Kudu maso gabashin Asiya daga Fabrairu zuwa Satumba 2019, gami da [[Brunei]], [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], [[Maleshiya|Malaysia]], [[Filipin|Philippines]], [[Singafora|Singapore]], [[Tailan|Thailand]], da [[Vietnam]].

Tailandia ta fara fuskantar hazo a cikin watan Fabrairu wanda ya dade har zuwa watan Mayu, wanda ya karu a watan Maris da Afrilu. Indonesiya ta fara fuskantar hazo tsakanin watan Yuni da Yuli. Malaysia ta kamu da cutar daga watan Agusta, yayin da Singapore, Brunei, da Vietnam suka fuskanci hazo a watan Satumba.

Wannan shi ne sabon abin da ya faru na hazo na kudu maso gabashin Asiya, batu na dogon lokaci wanda ke faruwa a cikin tsanani a kowane lokacin rani a yankin. Yawan gobarar dazuzzukan ya samo asali ne sakamakon saran dazuka da aka yi ba bisa ka'ida ba a madadin masana'antar man dabino a Indonesia, musamman a tsibirin Sumatra da Borneo, wanda ya bazu cikin sauri a lokacin rani.

== Tarihi da abubuwan da suka haifar ==

=== Kasashen Kudancin ASEAN ===
Yawancin wuraren zafi na ƙasashen arewa maso gabashin Asiya (Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, da Philippines) sun faru daga Janairu zuwa Mayu 2019, musamman a Maris da Afrilu 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 September 2019 |title=Monthly Hotspot Count for Year 2019 - North ASEAN |url=http://asmc.asean.org/asmc-haze-hotspot-monthly-new#Hotspot |access-date=17 September 2019 |website=Asean Specialised Meteorological Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An samu gobara a filayen dazuzzuka a arewacin Thailand tare da filayen noma a Pa Phru Kuan Kreng na lardin Nakhon Si Thammarat a kudancin Thailand.&lt;ref name=&quot;northern Thailand forest fires&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 March 2019 |title=Thailand's North choking on toxic haze from fires |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/north-chokes-on-toxic-haze-largely-from-myanmar-fires |access-date=23 August 2019 |publisher=The Straits Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;southern Thailand forest and farm fire&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Asaree Thaitrakulpanich |date=22 August 2019 |title=Weeks of Fire Destroyed Almost 14,500 Rai of Forest and Farms in Southern Thailand |url=http://www.khaosodenglish.com/featured/2019/08/22/weeks-of-fire-destroyed-almost-14500-rai-of-forest-and-farms-in-southern-thailand/ |access-date=23 August 2019 |publisher=Khaosod English}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasashen Arewacin ASEAN ===
Gobarar daji a Indonesiya na haifar da hatsaniya ta kan iyaka a Indonesia, Malaysia, da Singapore kusan kowace shekara. Wadannan gobarar tana share filayen noman dabino, kuma an san cewa ’yan kwangila ne masu karamin karfi wadanda ke samar da manyan kamfanoni da ke da’awar hana wannan al’adar amma sun yarda cewa sarkar na tsare “gidan yanar gizo ce mai rikitarwa”  Wannan gidan yanar gizon ya kara dagulewa saboda yadda ba da kuɗaɗen masana'antar dabino ke fitowa daga bankuna da yawa. Yawancin wadannan bankunan sun fito ne daga Asiya, ciki har da Singapore, Malaysia da Indonesia, wadanda suka ba da gudummawar biliyoyin daloli don sare dazuzzuka don masana'antar dabino da alkama da takarda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-02-05 |title=Asian banks give billions to firms linked to deforestation, study finds |url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/02/asian-banks-give-billions-to-firms-linked-to-deforestation-study-finds/ |access-date=2019-12-08 |website=Mongabay Environmental News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2019, gobara tana ƙonewa a larduna da yawa na [[Sumatra]] da Kalimantan a cikin Indonesia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Linda Yulisman |date=14 August 2019 |title=Indonesia steps up fight against fires as hot spots increase |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/indonesia-steps-up-fight-against-fires-as-hot-spots-increase |access-date=23 August 2019 |publisher=The Straits Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan yankuna suna da manyan yankuna na Peat, wanda ke da ƙonewa sosai a Lokacin fari. Yankunan da ke cikin waɗannan yankuna suna da matukar damuwa ga konewa saboda asalin su ne kuma ba sa ƙonewa. Koyaya, ana zubar da waɗannan tuddai kuma ana bushe su don amfani da aikin gona, yana mai da su da saukin ƙonewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=31 July 2023 |title=Peatland drainage |url=https://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/geography/research/projects/tropical-peatland/downloadable-resources/peatland-drainage |access-date=25 November 2025 |archive-date=19 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019080815/https://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/geography/research/projects/tropical-peatland/downloadable-resources/peatland-drainage |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Peat, wanda ya kunshi yadudduka na shuke-shuke da sauran kwayoyin halitta, yana ba da gudummawa sosai ga hayakin carbon lokacin da aka ƙone shi, saboda yawansa da abun ciki na carbon.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cris, R. |last2=Buckmaster, S. |last3=Bain, C. |last4=Reed, M. |name-list-style=amp |date=2014 |title=Peatlands and Climate Change |url=https://www.iucn.org/resources/issues-briefs/peatlands-and-climate-change |access-date=26 September 2019 |publisher=IUCN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar Cibiyar Kula da Yanayi ta Kasa ta Asean, yawancin hotspots na Indonesia da Malaysia sun faru ne a watan Agusta da Satumba 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 September 2019 |title=Monthly Hotspot Count for Year 2019 - South ASEAN |url=http://asmc.asean.org/asmc-haze-hotspot-monthly-new#Hotspot |access-date=17 September 2019 |website=Asean Specialised Meteorological Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya zuwa watan Satumbar 2019, Indonesia tana da jimlar hotspots sama da 20,000 a cikin 2019, yayin da Malaysia ke da hotspots fiye da 2,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 September 2019 |title=Annual Hotspot Count (2019-2019) - South ASEAN |url=http://asmc.asean.org/asmc-haze-hotspot-annual-new#Hotspot |access-date=17 September 2019 |website=Asean Specialised Meteorological Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 12 ga Satumba 2019 kadai, akwai wurare masu zafi 1,188 a lardunan Kalimantan da wurare masu zafi 431 a larduna na Sumatra.

A watan Yunin 2019, gobarar dajin da ta tashi a jihar Sarawak ta kasar Malaysia da ke tsibirin Borneo ta yi sanadiyar hatsaniya a birnin Miri na Malaysia.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sarawak forest fires&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stephen Then |date=17 July 2019 |title=Forest fires flare up again in parts of Sarawak |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2019/07/17/forest-fires-flare-up-again-in-parts-of-sarawak |access-date=23 August 2019 |website=The Star}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kasashen da abin ya shafa ==

=== Brunei ===
A ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2019, Brunei ta fuskanci hazo, wanda gwamnatinta ta danganta ga wurare masu zafi a kan iyakar Indonesia a lardunan Kalimantan na Borneo. 

=== Indonesia ===
[[Fayil:Kabut_Jam_Gadang_2019.jpg|thumb|Jam Gadang a Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]] a ranar 17 ga Satumba 2019.]]
Biyo bayan mummunan hazo na shekarar 2015 na kudu maso gabashin Asiya wanda ya samo asali daga Indonesia, gobarar dazuzzukan kasar ta dawo a watan Yuli tare da kadada 42,740 (kadada 105,600) ta kone a fadin kasar wanda ya haifar da hazo mai wuce gona da iri zuwa Malaysia da Singapore.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hans Nicholas Jong |date=6 August 2019 |title=Haze from forest fires, Indonesia's national 'embarrassment', is back |url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/08/haze-from-fires-indonesias-national-embarrassment-are-back/ |access-date=23 August 2019 |publisher=Mongabay}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 August 2019 |title=In pictures: Wildfires ignite across Indonesia |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-49444325 |access-date=24 August 2019 |publisher=BBC News}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gwamnati ta aika da sojoji, 'yan sanda da ma'aikatan hukumar bala'i 9000 don yaƙi da gobarar.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP 2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=AFP |date=16 September 2019 |title=Experts: Indonesia forest fires may not be extinguished any time soon |url=https://www.nst.com.my/world/2019/09/521833/experts-indonesia-forest-fires-may-not-be-extinguished-any-time-soon |access-date=26 September 2019 |website=NST Online}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2019, an fara dubban gobara a [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], mafi yawansu sun shirya don share ƙasa don shuke-shuke da ke yin [[Manja|Man dabino]]. Wutar ta haifar da hayaki wanda ya katse tafiye-tafiyen iska kuma ya sa mutane suka yi rashin lafiya. Ministan muhalli na Indonesia ya ce hayaki ya fito ne daga gobarar da aka kunna daga wurare masu zafi a [[Maleshiya|Malaysia]] da [[Vietnam]]. Hukumar Kula da Bala'o'i ta Indonesia ta ce an gano gobara sama da 3,600 a tsibirin [[Sumatra]] da [[Borneo]] ta hanyar tauraron dan adam. Malaysia ta aika da bayanin diflomasiyya da ke kira ga Indonesia da ta dauki mataki nan take don magance gobarar. Malaysia ta rufe fiye da makarantu 400 kuma ta aika da abin rufe fuska na rabin miliyan zuwa yankin don yaki da rashin ingancin iska. Yanayin ruwan sama ya zo daga 24 ga Satumba 2019 a larduna shida, wato Riau, Jambi, Kudancin Sumatra, Yammacin Kalimantan, Tsakiyar Kalimantan da Kudancin Kalimantin, wanda ya kawo sauƙin da ake buƙata daga hawan hawan da ya gabata 'yan makonni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Yulisman |first=Linda |date=25 September 2019 |title=Rain sweeps through Sumatra, Kalimantan, gives respite from haze |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/rain-sweeps-through-sumatra-kalimantan-gives-respite-from-haze |access-date=4 October 2019 |website=The Straits Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya zuwa watan Satumba, akwai mutane 885,026 da suka kamu da cutar ta numfashi mai tsanani saboda hazo; 291,807 sun fito daga Kudancin Sumatra, 268,591 daga Riau, da 163,662 daga Yammacin Kalimantan.&lt;ref name=&quot;South China Morning Post 2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 September 2019 |title=Nearly 900,000 Indonesians suffer breathing issues due to haze |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/3030044/nearly-900000-indonesians-suffering-breathing-issues-due |access-date=26 September 2019 |website=South China Morning Post}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Malaysia ===
[[Fayil:Kuala_Lumpur_hazy_skyline_2019.jpg|thumb|Shan sigari yana mamaye [[Kuala Lumpur]], babban birnin [[Maleshiya|Malaysia]], a ranar 11 ga Satumba 2019. Hasumiyoyin Petronas ba su da ganuwa a cikin hoton.]]
A farkon watan Fabrairu, daji da ciyayi a Pahang sun kama wuta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=T. N. Alagesh |date=26 February 2019 |title=40ha of Pahang forest, peat land on fire [NSTTV] |url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2019/02/463995/40ha-pahang-forest-peat-land-fire-nsttv |access-date=23 August 2019 |publisher=New Straits Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; A farkon watan Agusta, Klang ya lullube cikin tsananin hazo sakamakon gobarar da ta tashi a Riau, wanda gobara ta tsananta a wani gandun daji da ke kusa. Manyan garuruwa da garuruwan jihar Sarawak, kamar Kuching, sun kuma fuskanci hatsaniya daga wurare masu zafi a Kalimantan. Malesiya kuma ta kunna Shirin Ayyukanta na Kasa don Buɗe Konewa da Shirin Ayyukan Haze na Ƙasa a ranar 14 ga Agusta, yayin da ingancin iska a Kuala Baram da Miri ya kai matakan haɗari. A Rompin, Pahang, Ƙimar Gurbacewar iska (API) da aka rubuta a ranar 18 ga Agusta ta kasance 223, wanda aka rarraba a matsayin &quot;marasa lafiya sosai&quot;. Har ila yau wasu jahohi da dama na Malaysia da wasu yankuna na tarayya kamar Kuala Lumpur, Negeri Sembilan, Penang, Putrajaya da Selangor sun fuskanci hatsaniya daga Sumatra a Indonesia yayin da jihar Sarawak ke fama da gobara a jihar tun watan Yuli da kuma makwabciyarta Kalimantan, Indonesia tun watan Agusta.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sarawak forest fires&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rachel Tay |date=2 August 2019 |title=The haze is making a comeback in August, and some Malaysian regions are already affected |url=https://www.businessinsider.my/the-haze-is-making-a-comeback-in-august-and-some-malaysian-regions-are-already-affected/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190823091814/https://www.businessinsider.my/the-haze-is-making-a-comeback-in-august-and-some-malaysian-regions-are-already-affected/ |archive-date=23 August 2019 |access-date=23 August 2019 |publisher=Business Insider Malaysia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stephen Then |date=18 August 2019 |title=More hotspots in Kalimantan may bring widespread transboundary haze to S'wak |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2019/08/18/more-hotspots-in-kalimantan-may-bring-widespread-transboundary-haze-to-s039wak |access-date=23 August 2019 |website=The Star}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kadada 2.4 na daji kuma ta kone a Johor a watan Agusta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 August 2019 |title=2.4ha of forest burnt near Johor Legoland Theme Park |url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2019/08/24/2-4ha-of-forest-burnt-near-johor-legoland-theme-park/ |access-date=24 August 2019 |website=Bernama |publisher=Free Malaysia Today}}&lt;/ref&gt; Spotify Malaysia ya ƙirƙiri jerin waƙoƙi mai suna Hazed and Confused wanda ya haɗa da waƙoƙi game da wuta da konewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 September 2019 |title=Haze-inspired Spotify list re-emerges as situation worsens |url=https://www.todayonline.com/world/haze-inspired-spotify-list-re-emerges-situation-worsens |access-date=19 September 2019 |website=Today |archive-date=29 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929015547/https://www.todayonline.com/world/haze-inspired-spotify-list-re-emerges-situation-worsens |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Philippines ===
A ranar 17 ga Satumba, 2019, bisa ga rahoton farko na ofisoshin yanki na Ofishin Kula da Muhalli (EMB), hukumar da hukumomin Janar Santos sun tabbatar da cewa an sami tsawaita sararin samaniya a Mindanao da Visayas, musamman Cebu City. An kuma fuskanci yanayi mai ban tsoro a Koronadal, Tupi, da Davao City.

=== Singapore ===
A ranar 26 ga watan Agustan 2019, akwai ɗan hazo a Singapore, tare da yanayin da ke ingantawa a hankali a rana. Wannan mai yiwuwa ne saboda gobara a Sumatra, Indonesia, ko Johor, Malaysia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 August 2019 |title=S'pore may experience slightly hazy conditions in the next few days: NEA |url=https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/spore-may-experience-slightly-hazy-conditions-next-few-days-nea |access-date=17 September 2019 |website=Today}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>2025 Yajin aikin yankin Cajamarca</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T20:46:37Z</timestamp>
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Yajin aikin yankin Cajamarca na 2025 ya fara ne a ranar 6 ga Oktoba a Cajamarca a Peru, wanda Rondas campesinas ya kira don nuna adawa da rashin tsaro, watsi da ayyukan more rayuwa da kuma yaki da hako ma'adinai ba bisa ka'ida ba.

== Jerin lokaci ==

=== 1 ga Oktoba ===
A Jaén Kungiyar Rondas Campesinas da Sufuri sun kira yajin aikin yanki na ranar 6 ga Oktoba, Wakilin masu jigilar kayayyaki na M1, Wincler Delgado, ya tabbatar da shigar da sassan jigilar M1, M2 da M3.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Perú |first=Red de Medios Regionales |date=2025-10-02 |title=Paro regional en el nororiente este 6 de octubre contra el MTC por abandono de obras y otros temas (VIDEO) {{!}} Inforegión |url=https://inforegion.pe/paro-regional-en-el-nororiente-este-6-de-octubre-contra-el-mtc-por-abandono-de-obras-y-otros-temas-video/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shugaban Federación de Rondas Campesinas de Cajamarca, Johan Fernández, ya ayyana cewa dandalin gwagwarmaya yana mai da hankali kan bukatar kammala babbar hanyar Saliyo a sassanta Chiple –Cutervo –Cochabamba, Lajas – Chota, Bambamarca – Cajamarca, Cajabamba – Cajamarcay –Chovoyape. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-10-03 |title=ANUNCIAN BLOQUEO DE VIAS DURANTE PARO REGIONAL DE CAJAMARCA QUE INICIA EL 6 DE OCTUBRE {{!}} Andina Radio - Chota la más informativa de la Región |url=https://andinaradio.net/2025/10/03/anuncian-bloqueo-de-vias-durante-paro-regional-de-cajamarca-que-inicia-el-6-de-octubre/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 6 ga Oktoba ===
An bayar da rahoton toshewa a kan babbar hanyar Chiple - Cutervo da Bellavista - Jaén, a Cutervo Rondas Campesinas an gano kuma an tsare jami'an 'yan sanda na ɓoye, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Perú |first=Red de Medios Regionales |date=2025-10-06 |title=Paro en Cajamarca: Bloqueos en Chiple-Cutervo y Bellavista-Jaén, con fuerte presencia de ronderos en Chamaya (VIDEO) {{!}} Inforegión |url=https://inforegion.pe/paro-en-cajamarca-bloqueos-en-chiple-cutervo-y-bellavista-jaen-con-fuerte-presencia-de-ronderos-en-chamaya-video/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'yan sanda ta ƙasar Peru sun tura ayyukan sintiri. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Perú 21 |date=2025-10-06 |title=Cajamarca: ronderos bloquean carreteras y declaran paro regional indefinido |url=https://peru21.pe/peru/cajamarca-ronderos-bloquean-carreteras-y-declaran-paro-regional-indefinido/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=peru21.pe |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 7 ga Oktoba ===
Sakataren kungiyar Federación Regional de Rondas Campesinas de Cajamarca, Juan Carlos Guevara, ya yi nuni da cewa yajin aikin yankin da aka kira ya yi tasiri sosai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Medios |first=Monitoreo |title=Paro Regional en Cajamarca tuvo alta convocatoria de la población |url=https://monitoreocajamarcamedios.com/paro-regional-en-cajamarca-tuvo-alta-convocatoria-de-la-poblacion/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |language=es-PE}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 8 ga Oktoba ===
Masu zanga-zangar sun toshe muhimman wurare kamar Chiple (Cutervo), Chamaya (Jaén) da Bellavista (San Ignacio). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-10-08 |title=La región Cajamarca vive su segundo día de huelga indefinida con bloqueos en Cutervo, Jaén y San Ignacio |url=https://lalupa.pe/peru/la-region-cajamarca-vive-su-segundo-dia-de-huelga-indefinida-con-bloqueos-en-cutervo-jaen-y-san-ignacio-2-101802 |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=LA LUPA |language=es }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 9 ga Oktoba ===
Wani shugaban kungiyar Rondas campesinas daga San Ignacio ya tabbatar da cewa kungiyoyin manoma bakwai na ci gaba da jajircewa wajen fafutukar da suke yi tare da gargadin cewa zanga-zangar za ta kara yin tsamari nan da 'yan sa'o'i kadan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-10-09 |title=Tercer día de paro regional en Cajamarca: ronderos de San Ignacio radicalizan protesta y mantienen tomada la carretera Fernando Belaúnde Terry - Reina de la Selva |url=https://reinadelaselva.pe/tercer-dia-de-paro-regional-en-cajamarca-ronderos-de-san-ignacio-radicalizan-protesta-y-mantienen-tomada-la-carretera-fernando-belaunde-terry/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 10 ga Oktoba ===
Frente de Defensa de los Intereses y Patrimonio de Cutervo ne ya sanar da dakatar da yajin aikin yanki na dindindin a Cajamarca, bayan tsige Dina Boluarte, amma bisa ga bayanan Domiciano Gonzáles, shugaban Federación Subregional de Rondas Campesinas, an rufe hanyoyin tsakanin Chaén da Chaén.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Giraldo |first=Por Clara |date=2025-10-10 |title=Paro en Cajamarca se levanta luego de la vacancia de Dina Boluarte, ronderos esperan reunirse con nuevos ministros |url=https://www.infobae.com/peru/2025/10/10/paro-en-cajamarca-se-levanta-luego-de-la-vacancia-de-dina-boluarte-ronderos-esperan-reunirse-con-nuevos-ministros/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=infobae |language=es-ES}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Astonitas |first=Ernesto |date=2025-10-10 |title=Ronderos de Cajamarca levantan paro y liberan vías tras vacancia de Dina Boluarte |url=https://rpp.pe/peru/cajamarca/cajamarca-ronderos-levantan-paro-y-liberan-vias-tras-vacancia-de-dina-boluarte-noticia-1658818 |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=rpp.pe |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Chike da Kogin</title>
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'''''Chike da Kogin''''' Labarin yara ne na [[Chinua Achebe]] . An fara buga shi a [[Afirka]] ta Kudu a shekara ta 1966 ta Cambridge University Press, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=a book review by Gabriel Constans: Chike and the River |url=https://www.nyjournalofbooks.com/book-review/chike-and-river |access-date=28 July 2023 |website=www.nyjournalofbooks.com |archive-date=28 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728040344/https://www.nyjournalofbooks.com/book-review/chike-and-river |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da zane-zane na Prue Theobalds, kuma shine na farko na labaran yara da yawa da Achebe zai rubuta. Sabon sake bugawa yana da ƙirar murfin Victor Ekpuk.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chike and the River by Chinua Achebe: 9780307473868 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/207152/chike-and-the-river-by-chinua-achebe-illustrated-by-edel-rodriguez/ |access-date=17 May 2023 |website=PenguinRandomhouse.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Review |first=Folio |date=30 April 2020 |title=The Adventures of Childhood: Chike and the River Book Review |url=https://folioreview.wordpress.com/2020/04/30/the-adventures-of-childhood-chike-and-the-river-book-review/ |access-date=17 May 2023 |website=Folio Review |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Chinua Achebe ya fara buga Chike da Kogin a matsayin ɗan littafin a 1966 bayan 'yarsa ta fara makarantar sakandare a [[Najeriya]] kuma ya lura cewa yawancin matani na makaranta ga yara na Afirka mutanen Yamma ne suka rubuta su.

== Makirci ==
Labari ne na wani yaro dan [[Najeriya]] mai suna Chike wanda ya bar ƙauyensa, Umuofia, ya tafi ya zauna tare da kawunsa a babban birnin [[Onitsha]]. Yana da abokai da yawa waɗanda suka sa ya yi farin ciki lokacin da suka sadu kuma shi kaɗai ne yaron da ya tsira ya haye kogi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ulin |first=David L. |date=16 August 2011 |title=Book review: 'Chike and the River' by Chinua Achebe |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/jacketcopy/2011/08/book-review-chinua-achebes-chike-and-the-river.html |access-date=13 April 2016 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bincike ==
Da yake sake duba littafin a shekarar 2011, New York Journal of Books ya ce: &quot;A cikin ''Chike da Kogin'', matasa masu karatu suna kallon rayuwar Afirka, suna koyo game da Kogin Neja, kuma suna haɗawa da Chike kamar dai shi ɗan'uwansu ne. Hasken Mista Achebe shine ikonsa na sa masu karatu su ji kamar mai ilimi a kafadar Chike: tare da tafiya da kuma su san duk abin da ya ji da ya gani. &quot;.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Goodreads |url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/134001 |access-date=17 May 2023 |website=Goodreads |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
==manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abin rufe fuska, Launi na Sama</title>
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Littafin '''''&quot;A Mask, the Colour of the Sky''''' &quot; (قناع بلون السماء) littafi ne na marubuci, mawaƙi, kuma fursuna Basem Khandakji, wanda aka buga a shekarar 2023 ta Dar Al-Adab a [[Beirut]] . Littafin ya lashe kyautar Duniya ta Almarar Larabci a shekarar 2024, wanda ake kira Larabci Booker Prize . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A Mask, the Colour of the Sky {{!}} International Prize for Arabic Fiction |url=https://arabicfiction.org/en/node/2240 |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=arabicfiction.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 April 2024 |title=&quot;A Mask, the Color of the Sky&quot; by Palestinian detainee Bassem Khandakji wins International Prize for Arabic Fiction |url=https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/143583}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Za a buga fassarar littafin a Turanci a shekarar 2026 ta Europa Editions . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A Mask, the Colour of the Sky {{!}} International Prize for Arabic Fiction |url=https://arabicfiction.org/en/node/2240 |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=arabicfiction.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=A Mask the Color of the Sky - Bassem Khandaqji |url=http://www.europaeditions.com.cricchetto.frequenze.it/book/9798889661719/a-mask-the-color-of-the-sky |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Europa Editions |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bayani ==
An rubuta littafin ne a lokacin da ake tsare da shi a gidan yarin Isra'ila. Hukumomin gidan yarin Isra'ila sun musanta duk wani bayani game da littafin. [1]

Ɗan'uwan Khandakji ya ce an rubuta littafin ne tsakanin watan Yuni da Nuwamba 2021 &quot;a cikin mawuyacin hali&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A Mask, the Colour of the Sky {{!}} International Prize for Arabic Fiction |url=https://arabicfiction.org/en/node/2240 |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=arabicfiction.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Takaitaccen Bayani ==
Littafin ya ta'allaka ne akan wani Bafalasdine mai suna Nur wanda ke zaune a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira a Ramallah . Da ya sami katin shaidar ɗan adam mai launin shuɗi da aka bai wa Isra'ilawa a cikin rigar da aka yi amfani da ita, sai ya ɗauki sunan bogi, Ur, kuma aka ɗauke shi aiki don haƙa kayan tarihi kusa da Megiddo . [1]

== Martani ==
Littafin ya lashe kyautar Duniya ta Almarar Larabci a shekarar 2024 a wani hukunci da aka cimma matsaya guda ɗaya. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adel |first=Ibrahim |date=2024-04-30 |title=Basim Khandaqji wins top Arabic literary award from behind prison bars |url=https://en.majalla.com/node/315786 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Al Majalla |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ana ɗaukar kyautar a matsayin mafi daraja a duniyar Larabawa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A Mask, the Colour of the Sky {{!}} International Prize for Arabic Fiction |url=https://arabicfiction.org/en/node/2240 |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=arabicfiction.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A daren da littafin ya lashe kyautar kasa da kasa ta 2024 don Almarar Larabci, masu gadin Isra'ila sun yi wa marubucin duka a cikin ɗakin kurkukunsa, sannan aka sanya shi a [[Tsayawa kadai|kurkuku shi kaɗai]] a gidan yarin Ofer . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A Mask, the Colour of the Sky {{!}} International Prize for Arabic Fiction |url=https://arabicfiction.org/en/node/2240 |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=arabicfiction.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Balmain Observer da Western Suburbs Advertiser</title>
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'''''Balmain Observer da Western Suburbs Advertiser''''' [[jarida]] ce da aka buga a Balmain, New South Wales, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] daga shekarar 1880 zuwa 1984.

== Tarihi ==
Jaridar ta fara ne a matsayin mai zaman kanta ta Balmain da kuma mai lura da Leichhardt a shekarar 1880. Masu mallakar jaridar sun haɗa da T. Preston, WS Ford &amp; WC Macdougall. [1] Ofishin jaridar yana kan titin Darling, Balmain [2] kuma an yaɗa ta a unguwannin Sydney na Balmain, Drummoyne, Leichhardt, Annandale, Sydney, Petersham, Summer Hill, Ashfield, Glebe, Ryde da Five Dock . [3]

== Canzawa ta hanyar dijital ==
An yi amfani da wannan takarda a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Shirin Digitization na Jaridun Australiya na Laburaren Ƙasa na Australiya . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Balmain Observer |url=http://library.sl.nsw.gov.au/record=b1161162~S1 |access-date=12 December 2013 |website=catalogue entry |publisher=State Library of NSW}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Trove newspaper|671|Balmain Observer and Western Suburbs Advertiser|NSW : 1884 - 1907}}. Retrieved 22 May 2017&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin jaridu a Ostiraliya
* Jerin jaridu a New South Wales

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ahmad Karima</title>
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'''Ahmad Mahmoud Karima''' (Arabic: أحمد محمود كريمة), [[Farfesa|professor]] of [[Shari'a|Islamic law]] and comparative jurisprudence at [[Jami'ar Al-Azhar|Al-Azhar University]], is best known for his religious moderation and condemnations of radicalism, and for his intense criticism of the [[Salafiyya|Salafi]]-[[Wahabiyanci|Wahhabi movement]], and the [[Ƴan'uwa Musulmai|Muslim Brotherhood]] group.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=بالفيديو أحمد كريمة: باحب أغاني فيروز وأم كلثوم.. والغناء كان مسموحًا به في عهد النبي |url=https://www.masrawy.com/ramadan/islamicnnews-sunna/details/2020/5/7/1782204/بالفيديو-أحمد-كريمة-باحب-أغاني-فيروز-وأم-كلثوم-والغناء-كان-مسموح-ا |publisher=Masrawy |language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Moderation of Islam by Dr. Ahmed Mahmoud Karima |url=https://azhargraduates.org/en/Makalat1.aspx?id=379 |publisher=The World Association for al-Azhar Graduates}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Brotherhood and Salafis behind criticism of Iran visit: Ahmed Karima |url=https://www.dailynewssegypt.com/2014/09/24/brotherhood-salafis-behind-criticism-iran-visit-ahmed-karima/ |website=[[Daily News Egypt]] }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History of Salafi movement stained with Muslim blood |url=http://www.taghribnews.com/en/news/231889/history-of-slafi-movement-stained-with-muslim-blood |publisher=Taghrib news Agency (TNA) |access-date=2025-12-24 |archive-date=2024-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225022921/https://www.taghribnews.com/en/news/231889/history-of-slafi-movement-stained-with-muslim-blood |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya bayyana bayan [[2016 international conference on Sunni Islam in Grozny|Taron kasa da kasa na 2016 kan addinin Sunni a Grozny]] cewa &quot;Idan duniya tana sa ran kawar da [[ta'addanci]], dole ne ta tsaya a kan [[Wahabiyanci|Wahhabism]] saboda su ne tushen duk tashin hankali da rikici. &quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Moderation of Islam by Dr. Ahmed Mahmoud Karima |url=https://azhargraduates.org/en/Makalat1.aspx?id=379 |publisher=The World Association for al-Azhar Graduates}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1951]]

==manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mike Smith (mai fafutuka)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>124551</id>
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      <id>838676</id>
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        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
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      <comment>Gyara</comment>
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'''Michael John Smith''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1956/57) ɗan gwagwarmayar kare [[Gudanar da muhalli|muhalli]] ne na New ''Zealand'' kuma mai fafutukar kare Hakkin Māori . 

Smith Māori ne, kuma ya nuna kansa tare da Ngāpuhi da Ngāti Kahu iwi .  An haife shi a cikin shekarun 1950 a Yankin Arewa New Zealand ga mahaifin Māori da mahaifiyar Pākehā (Turai). 

Ayyukan Smith sun fara ne a shekarar 1992, lokacin da ya halarci taron koli na duniya kan hayakin gas. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1994 ya kirkiro manyan labarai a New Zealand lokacin da ya kai hari kan itacen da ke kan Auckland's Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill tare da chainsaw, wani aiki da nufin jaddada fushin Māori ga sabbin manufofin tattalin arziki na gwamnatin New Zealand. Har ila yau, akwai jin daɗi tsakanin wasu Māori cewa itacen - wani nau'i mai ban sha'awa - bai dace ba kuma ya kamata a maye gurbinsa da shuka na asali. Lalacewar ta haifar da kama Smith kuma ya sami watanni tara na tsare-tsare. Smith tun daga lokacin ya nuna nadama game da aikin, musamman ga waɗanda itacen ke da muhimmancin kansu.

A cikin 2024, Smith ya sami damar kai karar manyan kamfanoni da yawa na New Zealand game da gudummawar da suka bayar ga canjin yanayi. Shari'ar, ''[[Smith v Fonterra Co-operative Group Ltd]]'', wata shari'a ce mai mahimmanci a cikin Dokar laifi New Zealand. Ya yi daidai da irin wannan motsi na kasa da kasa don neman hanyoyin shari'a don hanzarta aiki a kan muhalli.&lt;ref&gt;25.

Gibson, E., &quot;Iwi leader Mike Smith gets his day in court against seven major emitters,&quot; ''Radio New Zealand'', 7 February 2024. Retrieved 16 February 2025.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Maureen Milgram Forrest</title>
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'''Maureen Milgram Forrest''' (1 ga Fabrairu 1938 - 1 ga Maris 2013) ta kasance 'yar [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] ce wacce ta kafa LeicesterHERday Trust  kuma darektan aikin asali na [[BRIT School|Makarantar BRIT]] a Croydon, London.  An kuma san ta da suna '''Lillian Maureen Bernice Forrest''' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 24, 2014 |title=The British Columbia Gazette |url=http://www.bclaws.ca/civix/document/id/bcgaz1/bcgaz1/112581399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118185958/http://www.bclaws.ca/civix/document/id/bcgaz1/bcgaz1/112581399 |archive-date=18 November 2015 |access-date=11 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ==
 
A ƙarshen shekarun 1990 ta kasance darektan zane-zane kuma shugaban zartarwa na Cibiyar Fasaha ta Brewhouse a [[Burton upon Trent|Burton a kan Trent]], Staffordshire

Ta koma zama a Ingila a ƙarshen shekarun 1980, inda jaridar ''Leicester Mercury'' ta fara aiki da ita. Ta kasance darakta na Ken Chamberlain Trust . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ƙarshen shekarun 1990 ta kasance darektan zane-zane kuma shugaban zartarwa na Cibiyar Fasaha ta Brewhouse a Burton a kan Trent, Staffordshire . 

A shekara ta 2009 Forrest ya kasance alƙali don lambar yabo ta Leicester First, kuma ya gabatar da ita ga Stuart Berry a [[Filin wasa na King Power|Filin wasa na Walkers]] tare da ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa Alan Birchenall . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ta koma Victoria a shekarar 2010. A wannan shekarar an ba ta lambar yabo ta Sarauniya don Inganta Kasuwanci. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1938]]
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2013]]

==manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Peter Kürten</title>
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{{Databox}}Kürten ( [ˈpeːtɐ ˈkʏʁtn̩]; 26 ga Mayu 1883 - 2 ga Yuli 1931) ya kasance Mai kisan gilla na Jamus, wanda aka sani da The Vampire na Düsseldorf da Düsseldor Monster, wanda ya aikata jerin kisan kai da cin zarafin jima'i tsakanin Fabrairu da Nuwamba 1929 a birnin Düsseldorm . A cikin shekarun da suka gabata kafin wadannan hare-hare da kisan kai, Kürten ya tara dogon rikodin aikata laifuka don laifuka ciki har da ƙonewa da yunkurin kisan kai. Ya kuma furta kisan yarinya mai shekaru tara a 1913 a Mülheim da Rhein da kuma yunkurin kisan yarinyar mai shekaru 17 a Düsseldorf.

[[:de:Karl Berg (Mediziner)|daga]]&amp;#x5D;-] ya bayyana shi a matsayin &quot;sarkin masu lalata da jima'i&quot;,  Kürten an same shi da laifin kisan kai tara da kuma laifuffuka bakwai na yunkurin kisan kai wanda An [[Kashe kai|yanke kansa]] hukuncin kisa ta hanyar yanke masa kai a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1931.  An kashe shi ta hanyar guillotine a watan Yulin 1931, yana da shekaru 48.

Kürten ya zama sananne da &quot;Vampire na Düsseldorf&quot; saboda a wasu lokuta yana ƙoƙari ya sha jini daga raunukan wadanda ya kashe; da kuma &quot;Düsseldorf Monster&quot; duka saboda yawancin kisan da ya yi an yi su a ciki da kewayen birnin Düsseldorf, kuma saboda zalunci da ya yi wa jikin wadanda ya kashe.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==

=== Yarinta ===
An haifi Peter Kürten a cikin iyali mai talauci, mai cin zarafi a Mülheim da Rhein a ranar 26 ga Mayu 1883, babba cikin yara goma sha uku (biyu zagi cikinsu sun mutu tun suna ƙanana). [undefined] Iyayen Kürten duka masu shaye-shaye ne waɗanda ke zaune a cikin ɗaki ɗaya, kuma mahaifin Kürten yana yawan doke matarsa da 'ya'yansa, musamman lokacin da ya bugu. Lokacin da ya bugu, mahaifin Kürten sau da yawa ya tilasta matarsa da 'ya'yansa su taru a gabansa kafin ya umarci matarsa ta cire tsirara kuma ta yi jima'i da shi yayin da yaransa ke kallo.[3] An daure shi na watanni goma sha takwas a shekara ta 1897 saboda ya yi wa 'yarsa ta fari fyade, wanda ke da shekaru 13. Ba da daɗewa ba, mahaifiyar Kürten ta sami umarnin rabuwa, kuma daga baya ta sake yin aure kuma ta koma Düsseldorf.

A shekara ta 1888, Kürten ya yi ƙoƙari ya nutsar da ɗaya daga cikin abokan wasansa. Shekaru hudu bayan haka, ya yi abota da wani mai kama kare na gida wanda ke zaune a cikin wannan gini kamar iyalinsa kuma ya fara bin shi a zagaye. Wannan mutumin sau da yawa yana azabtarwa da kashe dabbobin da ya kama, kuma Kürten nan da nan ya zama mai aiki da son shiga cikin azabtar da dabbobi.{{Sfn|Real-Life Crimes|1993}}

Da yake shi ne ɗan fari da ya tsira, Kürten ya zama abin da aka yi wa mahaifinsa cin zarafin jiki kuma sau da yawa ya ki komawa gida daga makaranta a sakamakon haka. Kodayake shi dalibi ne mai kyau, daga baya ya tuna da aikinsa na ilimi ya sha wahala saboda yawan tashin hankali na jiki da ya jimre. Tun daga ƙuruciya, Kürten sau da yawa yana guduwa daga gida na tsawon lokaci daga kwanaki zuwa makonni. Yawancin lokacin da Kürten ya yi a kan tituna yana cikin kamfanin ƙananan masu laifi da rashin daidaituwa na zamantakewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta hanyar waɗannan sanannun, an gabatar da Kürten ga nau'o'i daban-daban na ƙananan laifuka, wanda da farko ya aikata a matsayin hanyar ciyarwa da tufafi da kansa yayin da yake zaune a kan tituna.

Kürten daga baya ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya aikata kisan kai na farko yana da shekaru tara, &lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 November 2006 |title=Peter Kürten: German Serial Killer |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Peter-Kurten |access-date=10 February 2007 |website=britannica.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; lokacin da ya tura wani aboki na makaranta wanda ya san ba zai iya yin iyo daga jirgin ruwa ba. Lokacin da wani yaro na biyu ya yi ƙoƙari ya ceci yaron da ke nitsewa, Kürten ya riƙe kansa a ƙarƙashin ruwa, don haka yaran biyu sun nitse. Hukumomi sun yi mulki a matsayin mutuwar ba da gangan ba.

=== Samartaka ===
A lokacin da take da shekaru 13, Kürten ta kafa dangantaka da wata yarinya shekarunta kuma, kodayake ta ba Kürten damar cire tufafi da kuma faranta mata rai, za ta yi tsayayya da duk wani yunkurin da ya yi na yin jima'i. Don sauƙaƙa sha'awar jima'i, Kürten ya koma ga ayyukan jima'i da tumaki, aladu da awaki a cikin ɗakunan gida, amma daga baya ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya sami mafi girman jin daɗinsa idan ya yi wa dabbobi wuka kafin ya samun orgasm. Kürten ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya fara wuka da yanka dabbobi tare da karuwar mitar don cimma orgasms, kodayake ya kasance mai tsayin daka wannan hali ya ƙare lokacin da aka lura da shi yana wuka alade. Ya kuma yi ƙoƙari ya yi wa 'yar'uwar da mahaifinsa ya yi wa fyade a baya.

A shekara ta 1897, Kürten ya bar makaranta. A kan nacewar mahaifinsa, ya sami aiki a matsayin mai koyo. Wannan koyo ya dauki shekaru biyu kafin Kürten ya sace duk kuɗin da zai iya samu a gidansa, tare da kusan 300 na zinariya daga ma'aikatarsa,  kuma ya gudu daga gida. Ya koma [[Koblenz]], inda ya fara ɗan gajeren dangantaka da wata [[Karuwanci|karuwa]] mai shekaru biyu da ya girme shi wanda, ya yi iƙirarin, da yardar rai ya miƙa wuya ga kowane nau'in lalata da ya bukaci daga gare ta. An kama shi makonni hudu bayan haka kuma an tuhume shi da karyawa da shiga da sata, kuma daga baya aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin wata daya. An sake shi daga kurkuku a watan Agustan 1899 kuma ya koma rayuwar aikata laifuka. {{Refn|This proved to be the first of seventeen instances in which Kürten was imprisoned throughout his life. In total, Kürten would serve seventeen separate sentences of imprisonment between 1899 and his final arrest, the combined total being twenty-seven.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto5&quot;&gt;''Monster: The True Story of Serial Killer Peter Kürten'' p. 31&lt;/ref&gt;}}

== Manazarta ==

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    <title>Charles Fraser (ɗan kasuwa)</title>
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'''Sir Charles Annand Fraser''' KCVO WS DL FRSE (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Oktoban shekarar 1928) ɗan kasuwa ne na Scotland kuma tsohon Shugaban, Lothian da Borders Enterprise, cibiyar sadarwar Scottish Enterprise .

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Charles Annand Fraser a ranar 16 ga Oktoba 1928 a Humbie a Gabashin Lothian, Scotland, kuMA ya yi karatu a tsohuwar Kwalejin Hamilton. Mahaifinsa a wannan lokacin Minista ne a Hamilton Old Parish Church . Charles Fraser ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Jami'ar Edinburgh, inda ya kammala MA da LLB.

== Ayyukan kasuwanci ==
Abokin tarayya (1965 zuwa 1992) a cikin masu ba da shawara na Edinburgh W. &amp; J. Burness WS, Fraser tsohon darakta ne na British Assets Trust PLC; Scottish Media Group (tsohon Scottish Television PLC); Scottish Business in the Community da Stakis PLC. Ya kuma kasance Mataimakin Shugaban United Biscuits (Holdings) tsakanin 1986 da 1995 kuma Shugaban bankunan Morgan Grenfell (Scotland) da Adamu da Kamfanin. Fraser ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin darektan Asusun Widows na Scotland, (1978-94).

== Sauran alƙawura ==
Daga 1966 zuwa 1972 Fraser ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Law Society of Scotland, kuma daga 1969 zuwa 1988, a matsayin Mai ɗaukar Purse ga Babban Kwamishinan Ubangiji zuwa Babban Taron Ikilisiyar Scotland, yana aiki kuma, daga 1972 zuwa 1978, a Kotun Jami'ar Heriot-Watt . 

A shekara ta 1991, an nada Fraser a matsayin Shugaban Lothian &amp; Edinburgh Enterprise, wani ɓangare na cibiyar sadarwar Scottish Enterprise, mukamin da ya rike har zuwa 1994, daga wannan shekarar, zuwa 1997, ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Sakataren Gwamnati na Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Scotland kan Ci Gaban Ci gaba. Daga 1997 zuwa 2000, Fraser ya kasance mai kula da Asusun Kula da namun daji na Duniya (UK). 

== Daraja ==
An nada Charles Annand Fraser a matsayin [[Royal Victorian Order|LVO]] a shekarar 1968; [[Royal Victorian Order|CVO]] a shekarar 1985  kuma an ba shi lambar yabo, a matsayin [[Royal Victorian Order|KCVO]] a shekarar 1989.  An kuma nada shi [[Deputy Lieutenant|Mataimakin Lieutenant]] na East Lothian a 1984  kuma an zabe shi Fellow na [[Royal Society of Edinburgh|Royal Society na Edinburgh]] a 1993. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=www.rse.org.uk/fellow/charles-fraser/ |url=https://www.rse.org.uk/fellow/charles-fraser/ |access-date=7 August 2017 |website=The Royal Society of Edinburgh}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
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    <title>William Forbes Skene</title>
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[[Fayil:William_Forbes_Skene.jpg|thumb|Hoton Skene na Sir George Reid, c. 1888]]
'''William Forbes Skene''' WS FRSE FSA (Scot) DCL LLD (7 Yuni 1809 - 29 Agustan shekarar 1892), lauya ne FSA (Scotland) , masanin tarihi kuma masanin tarihi.

Ya kafa kamfanin lauya na Scotland '''Skene Edwards''' wanda ya shahara a cikin karni na 20 amma ya ɓace a 2008 lokacin da ya haɗu da Morton Fraser . 

== Rayuwa ==
An haife shi a Inverey, ɗan na biyu na abokin Sir Walter Scott, James Skene (1775-1864), na Rubislaw, kusa da Aberdeen, da matarsa, Jane Forbes, 'yar Sir William Forbes, Baronet na 6 na Pitsligo . 

Iyalin sun koma Edinburgh a 1817, da farko suna zaune tare da kawunsa, Andrew Skene sannan daga 1820 suna zaune a 126 Princes Street da ke fuskantar Edinburgh Castle . 

Ya yi karatu a [[Edinburgh]]&quot; id=&quot;mwPg&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Royal High School, Edinburgh&quot;&gt;Makarantar Sakandare a Edinburgh .  Daga nan aka koya masa aiki a matsayin lauya na farko ga Francis Wilson WS a filin majalisa sannan ga Henry Jardine WS kuma a filin majalisun.

Daga nan ya yi karatun shari'a a Jami'ar St Andrews da Jami'ar Edinburgh, kuma yana da sha'awar musamman a cikin nazarin ilimin Celtic da adabi. A cikin 1832, ya zama Marubuci ga Signet (WS), kuma jim kadan bayan haka ya sami nadin hukuma a sashen lissafi na Kotun Taron, wanda ya rike har zuwa 1865. Sha'awarsa ta farko a tarihin da kayan tarihi na Highlands na Scotland ya haifar da 'ya'yan itace na farko a 1837, lokacin da ya buga The Highlanders of Scotland, their Origin, History and Antiquities .

A shekara ta 1847, a lokacin yunwar dankali ta Highland, an nada shi Sakatare ga Babban Kwamitin Taimako na Highland . A wannan matsayi ya yi aiki tare da Sir Charles Trevelyan, Mataimakin Sakataren Baitulmalin.

A shekara ta 1859 an zabe shi Fellow na Royal Society na Edinburgh wanda ya ba da shawara shine Cosmo Innes . Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kungiyar daga 1869 zuwa 1871. 

Babban aikinsa, duk da haka, shine ''Celtic Scotland, Tarihin Tsohon Alban'' (3 vols., Edinburgh, 1876-1880), watakila mafi mahimmancin gudummawa ga Tarihin Scotland da aka rubuta a cikin karni na 19. A shekara ta 1879 an sanya shi Dokta na Dokar Jama'a (DCL) na [[Jami'ar Oxford]], kuma a shekara ta 1881 Masanin Tarihi na Royal na Scotland. An nada shi Mataimakin Lieutenant na Edinburgh a 1886. &lt;ref&gt;Scotsman newspaper 13 July 2008&lt;/ref&gt;

William Forbes Skene ya kasance babban memba na ikilisiya na St Vincent's Scottish Episcopal Church a St Vincent Street a [[Stockbridge, Edinburgh|Stockbridge]] a arewacin Edinburgh . Ana tunawa da shi a can ta hanyar wani shahararren abin tunawa a bangon kudancin jirgin. Wani mai faɗakarwa na Bishara, ya yi jayayya cewa, tun lokacin da Babban Synod na Ikilisiyar Episcopal ta Scotland na 1863 ya kafa Littafin Addu'ar Ingilishi a matsayin babban iko ga bautar Ikilisiyar kuma Ikilisiyar Irish Episcopal Church ta karɓi Mataki talatin da tara na Ikilisiya a matsayin yadin koyarwa, don St Vincent ya kasance a waje da wannan coci ba zai iya zama mai adalci ba.
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[[Fayil:William_Forbes_Skene.jpg|thumb|Hoton Skene na Sir George Reid, c. 1888]]
'''William Forbes Skene''' WS FRSE FSA (Scot) DCL LLD (7 Yuni 1809 - 29 Agustan shekarar 1892), lauya ne FSA (Scotland) , masanin tarihi kuma masanin tarihi.

Ya kafa kamfanin lauya na Scotland '''Skene Edwards''' wanda ya shahara a cikin ƙarni na 20 amma ya ɓace a shekarar 2008 lokacin da ya haɗu da Morton Fraser . 

== Rayuwa ==
An haife shi a Inverey, ɗan na biyu na abokin Sir Walter Scott, James Skene (1775-1864), na Rubislaw, kusa da Aberdeen, da matarsa, Jane Forbes, 'yar Sir William Forbes, Baronet na 6 na Pitsligo . 

Iyalin sun koma Edinburgh a 1817, da farko suna zaune tare da kawunsa, Andrew Skene sannan daga 1820 suna zaune a 126 Princes Street da ke fuskantar Edinburgh Castle . 

Ya yi karatu a [[Edinburgh]]&quot; id=&quot;mwPg&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Royal High School, Edinburgh&quot;&gt;Makarantar Sakandare a Edinburgh .  Daga nan aka koya masa aiki a matsayin lauya na farko ga Francis Wilson WS a filin majalisa sannan ga Henry Jardine WS kuma a filin majalisun.

Daga nan ya yi karatun shari'a a Jami'ar St Andrews da Jami'ar Edinburgh, kuma yana da sha'awar musamman a cikin nazarin ilimin Celtic da adabi. A cikin 1832, ya zama Marubuci ga Signet (WS), kuma jim kadan bayan haka ya sami nadin hukuma a sashen lissafi na Kotun Taron, wanda ya rike har zuwa 1865. Sha'awarsa ta farko a tarihin da kayan tarihi na Highlands na Scotland ya haifar da 'ya'yan itace na farko a 1837, lokacin da ya buga The Highlanders of Scotland, their Origin, History and Antiquities .

A shekara ta 1847, a lokacin yunwar dankali ta Highland, an nada shi Sakatare ga Babban Kwamitin Taimako na Highland . A wannan matsayi ya yi aiki tare da Sir Charles Trevelyan, Mataimakin Sakataren Baitulmalin.

A shekara ta 1859 an zabe shi Fellow na Royal Society na Edinburgh wanda ya ba da shawara shine Cosmo Innes . Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kungiyar daga 1869 zuwa 1871. 

Babban aikinsa, duk da haka, shine ''Celtic Scotland, Tarihin Tsohon Alban'' (3 vols., Edinburgh, 1876-1880), watakila mafi mahimmancin gudummawa ga Tarihin Scotland da aka rubuta a cikin karni na 19. A shekara ta 1879 an sanya shi Dokta na Dokar Jama'a (DCL) na [[Jami'ar Oxford]], kuma a shekara ta 1881 Masanin Tarihi na Royal na Scotland. An nada shi Mataimakin Lieutenant na Edinburgh a 1886. &lt;ref&gt;Scotsman newspaper 13 July 2008&lt;/ref&gt;

William Forbes Skene ya kasance babban memba na ikilisiya na St Vincent's Scottish Episcopal Church a St Vincent Street a [[Stockbridge, Edinburgh|Stockbridge]] a arewacin Edinburgh . Ana tunawa da shi a can ta hanyar wani shahararren abin tunawa a bangon kudancin jirgin. Wani mai faɗakarwa na Bishara, ya yi jayayya cewa, tun lokacin da Babban Synod na Ikilisiyar Episcopal ta Scotland na 1863 ya kafa Littafin Addu'ar Ingilishi a matsayin babban iko ga bautar Ikilisiyar kuma Ikilisiyar Irish Episcopal Church ta karɓi Mataki talatin da tara na Ikilisiya a matsayin yadin koyarwa, don St Vincent ya kasance a waje da wannan coci ba zai iya zama mai adalci ba.
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[[Fayil:William_Forbes_Skene.jpg|thumb|Hoton Skene na Sir George Reid, c. 1888]]
'''William Forbes Skene''' WS FRSE FSA (Scot) DCL LLD (7 Yuni 1809 - 29 Agustan shekarar 1892), lauya ne FSA (Scotland) , masanin tarihi kuma masanin tarihi.

Ya kafa kamfanin lauya na Scotland '''Skene Edwards''' wanda ya shahara a cikin ƙarni na 20 amma ya ɓace a shekarar 2008 lokacin da ya haɗu da Morton Fraser . 

== Rayuwa ==
An haife shi a Inverey, ɗan na biyu na abokin Sir Walter Scott, James Skene (1775-1864), na Rubislaw, kusa da Aberdeen, da matarsa, Jane Forbes, 'yar Sir William Forbes, Baronet na 6 na Pitsligo . 

Iyalin sun koma Edinburgh a shekarar 1817, da farko suna zaune tare da kawunsa, Andrew Skene sannan daga 1820 suna zaune a 126 Princes Street da ke fuskantar Edinburgh Castle . 

Ya yi karatu a [[Edinburgh]]&quot; id=&quot;mwPg&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Royal High School, Edinburgh&quot;&gt;Makarantar Sakandare a Edinburgh .  Daga nan aka koya masa aiki a matsayin lauya na farko ga Francis Wilson WS a filin majalisa sannan ga Henry Jardine WS kuma a filin majalisun.

Daga nan ya yi karatun shari'a a Jami'ar St Andrews da Jami'ar Edinburgh, kuma yana da sha'awar musamman a cikin nazarin ilimin Celtic da adabi. A cikin 1832, ya zama Marubuci ga Signet (WS), kuma jim kadan bayan haka ya sami nadin hukuma a sashen lissafi na Kotun Taron, wanda ya rike har zuwa 1865. Sha'awarsa ta farko a tarihin da kayan tarihi na Highlands na Scotland ya haifar da 'ya'yan itace na farko a 1837, lokacin da ya buga The Highlanders of Scotland, their Origin, History and Antiquities .

A shekara ta 1847, a lokacin yunwar dankali ta Highland, an nada shi Sakatare ga Babban Kwamitin Taimako na Highland . A wannan matsayi ya yi aiki tare da Sir Charles Trevelyan, Mataimakin Sakataren Baitulmalin.

A shekara ta 1859 an zabe shi Fellow na Royal Society na Edinburgh wanda ya ba da shawara shine Cosmo Innes . Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kungiyar daga 1869 zuwa 1871. 

Babban aikinsa, duk da haka, shine ''Celtic Scotland, Tarihin Tsohon Alban'' (3 vols., Edinburgh, 1876-1880), watakila mafi mahimmancin gudummawa ga Tarihin Scotland da aka rubuta a cikin karni na 19. A shekara ta 1879 an sanya shi Dokta na Dokar Jama'a (DCL) na [[Jami'ar Oxford]], kuma a shekara ta 1881 Masanin Tarihi na Royal na Scotland. An nada shi Mataimakin Lieutenant na Edinburgh a 1886. &lt;ref&gt;Scotsman newspaper 13 July 2008&lt;/ref&gt;

William Forbes Skene ya kasance babban memba na ikilisiya na St Vincent's Scottish Episcopal Church a St Vincent Street a [[Stockbridge, Edinburgh|Stockbridge]] a arewacin Edinburgh . Ana tunawa da shi a can ta hanyar wani shahararren abin tunawa a bangon kudancin jirgin. Wani mai faɗakarwa na Bishara, ya yi jayayya cewa, tun lokacin da Babban Synod na Ikilisiyar Episcopal ta Scotland na 1863 ya kafa Littafin Addu'ar Ingilishi a matsayin babban iko ga bautar Ikilisiyar kuma Ikilisiyar Irish Episcopal Church ta karɓi Mataki talatin da tara na Ikilisiya a matsayin yadin koyarwa, don St Vincent ya kasance a waje da wannan coci ba zai iya zama mai adalci ba.
==manazarta ==</text>
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        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
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[[Fayil:William_Forbes_Skene.jpg|thumb|Hoton Skene na Sir George Reid, c. 1888]]
'''William Forbes Skene''' WS FRSE FSA (Scot) DCL LLD (7 Yuni 1809 - 29 Agustan shekarar 1892), lauya ne FSA (Scotland) , masanin tarihi kuma masanin tarihi.

Ya kafa kamfanin lauya na Scotland '''Skene Edwards''' wanda ya shahara a cikin ƙarni na 20 amma ya ɓace a shekarar 2008 lokacin da ya haɗu da Morton Fraser . 

== Rayuwa ==
An haife shi a Inverey, ɗan na biyu na abokin Sir Walter Scott, James Skene (1775-1864), na Rubislaw, kusa da Aberdeen, da matarsa, Jane Forbes, 'yar Sir William Forbes, Baronet na 6 na Pitsligo . 

Iyalin sun koma Edinburgh a shekarar 1817, da farko suna zaune tare da kawunsa, Andrew Skene sannan daga 1820 suna zaune a 126 Princes Street da ke fuskantar Edinburgh Castle . 

Ya kuma yi karatu a [[Edinburgh]]&quot; id=&quot;mwPg&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Royal High School, Edinburgh&quot;&gt;Makarantar Sakandare a Edinburgh .  Daga nan aka koya masa aiki a matsayin lauya na farko ga Francis Wilson WS a filin majalisa sannan ga Henry Jardine WS kuma a filin majalisun.

Daga nan ya yi karatun shari'a a Jami'ar St Andrews da Jami'ar Edinburgh, kuma yana da sha'awar musamman a cikin nazarin ilimin Celtic da adabi. A cikin 1832, ya zama Marubuci ga Signet (WS), kuma jim kadan bayan haka ya sami nadin hukuma a sashen lissafi na Kotun Taron, wanda ya rike har zuwa 1865. Sha'awarsa ta farko a tarihin da kayan tarihi na Highlands na Scotland ya haifar da 'ya'yan itace na farko a 1837, lokacin da ya buga The Highlanders of Scotland, their Origin, History and Antiquities .

A shekara ta 1847, a lokacin yunwar dankali ta Highland, an nada shi Sakatare ga Babban Kwamitin Taimako na Highland . A wannan matsayi ya yi aiki tare da Sir Charles Trevelyan, Mataimakin Sakataren Baitulmalin.

A shekara ta 1859 an zabe shi Fellow na Royal Society na Edinburgh wanda ya ba da shawara shine Cosmo Innes . Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kungiyar daga 1869 zuwa 1871. 

Babban aikinsa, duk da haka, shine ''Celtic Scotland, Tarihin Tsohon Alban'' (3 vols., Edinburgh, 1876-1880), watakila mafi mahimmancin gudummawa ga Tarihin Scotland da aka rubuta a cikin karni na 19. A shekara ta 1879 an sanya shi Dokta na Dokar Jama'a (DCL) na [[Jami'ar Oxford]], kuma a shekara ta 1881 Masanin Tarihi na Royal na Scotland. An nada shi Mataimakin Lieutenant na Edinburgh a 1886. &lt;ref&gt;Scotsman newspaper 13 July 2008&lt;/ref&gt;

William Forbes Skene ya kasance babban memba na ikilisiya na St Vincent's Scottish Episcopal Church a St Vincent Street a [[Stockbridge, Edinburgh|Stockbridge]] a arewacin Edinburgh . Ana tunawa da shi a can ta hanyar wani shahararren abin tunawa a bangon kudancin jirgin. Wani mai faɗakarwa na Bishara, ya yi jayayya cewa, tun lokacin da Babban Synod na Ikilisiyar Episcopal ta Scotland na 1863 ya kafa Littafin Addu'ar Ingilishi a matsayin babban iko ga bautar Ikilisiyar kuma Ikilisiyar Irish Episcopal Church ta karɓi Mataki talatin da tara na Ikilisiya a matsayin yadin koyarwa, don St Vincent ya kasance a waje da wannan coci ba zai iya zama mai adalci ba.
==manazarta ==</text>
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      <id>838702</id>
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[[Fayil:William_Forbes_Skene.jpg|thumb|Hoton Skene na Sir George Reid, c. 1888]]
'''William Forbes Skene''' WS FRSE FSA (Scot) DCL LLD (7 Yuni 1809 - 29 Agustan shekarar 1892), lauya ne FSA (Scotland) , masanin tarihi kuma masanin tarihi.

Ya kafa kamfanin lauya na Scotland '''Skene Edwards''' wanda ya shahara a cikin ƙarni na 20 amma ya ɓace a shekarar 2008 lokacin da ya haɗu da Morton Fraser . 

== Rayuwa ==
An haife shi a Inverey, ɗan na biyu na abokin Sir Walter Scott, James Skene (1775-1864), na Rubislaw, kusa da Aberdeen, da matarsa, Jane Forbes, 'yar Sir William Forbes, Baronet na 6 na Pitsligo . 

Iyalin sun koma Edinburgh a shekarar 1817, da farko suna zaune tare da kawunsa, Andrew Skene sannan daga 1820 suna zaune a 126 Princes Street da ke fuskantar Edinburgh Castle . 

Ya kuma yi karatu a [[Edinburgh]]&quot; id=&quot;mwPg&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Royal High School, Edinburgh&quot;&gt;Makarantar Sakandare a Edinburgh .  Daga nan aka koya masa aiki a matsayin lauya na farko ga Francis Wilson WS a filin majalisa sannan ga Henry Jardine WS kuma a filin majalisun.

Daga nan ya yi karatun shari'a a Jami'ar St Andrews da Jami'ar Edinburgh, kuma yana da sha'awar musamman a cikin nazarin ilimin Celtic da adabi. A cikin shekara ta 1832, ya zama Marubuci ga Signet (WS), kuma jim kadan bayan haka ya sami nadin hukuma a sashen lissafi na Kotun Taron, wanda ya rike har zuwa 1865. Sha'awarsa ta farko a tarihin da kayan tarihi na Highlands na Scotland ya haifar da 'ya'yan itace na farko a 1837, lokacin da ya buga The Highlanders of Scotland, their Origin, History and Antiquities .

A shekara ta 1847, a lokacin yunwar dankali ta Highland, an nada shi Sakatare ga Babban Kwamitin Taimako na Highland . A wannan matsayi ya yi aiki tare da Sir Charles Trevelyan, Mataimakin Sakataren Baitulmalin.

A shekara ta 1859 an zabe shi Fellow na Royal Society na Edinburgh wanda ya ba da shawara shine Cosmo Innes . Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kungiyar daga 1869 zuwa 1871. 

Babban aikinsa, duk da haka, shine ''Celtic Scotland, Tarihin Tsohon Alban'' (3 vols., Edinburgh, 1876-1880), watakila mafi mahimmancin gudummawa ga Tarihin Scotland da aka rubuta a cikin karni na 19. A shekara ta 1879 an sanya shi Dokta na Dokar Jama'a (DCL) na [[Jami'ar Oxford]], kuma a shekara ta 1881 Masanin Tarihi na Royal na Scotland. An nada shi Mataimakin Lieutenant na Edinburgh a 1886. &lt;ref&gt;Scotsman newspaper 13 July 2008&lt;/ref&gt;

William Forbes Skene ya kasance babban memba na ikilisiya na St Vincent's Scottish Episcopal Church a St Vincent Street a [[Stockbridge, Edinburgh|Stockbridge]] a arewacin Edinburgh . Ana tunawa da shi a can ta hanyar wani shahararren abin tunawa a bangon kudancin jirgin. Wani mai faɗakarwa na Bishara, ya yi jayayya cewa, tun lokacin da Babban Synod na Ikilisiyar Episcopal ta Scotland na 1863 ya kafa Littafin Addu'ar Ingilishi a matsayin babban iko ga bautar Ikilisiyar kuma Ikilisiyar Irish Episcopal Church ta karɓi Mataki talatin da tara na Ikilisiya a matsayin yadin koyarwa, don St Vincent ya kasance a waje da wannan coci ba zai iya zama mai adalci ba.
==manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Alan Simpson (dan siyasa na Amurka)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>75</id>
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      <comment>Replacing C28310-36.jpg with [[File:Meeting_with_Republican_Congressional_Leadership_(Doughnuts)_with_Bob_Michel,_Bob_Dole_and_Alan_Simpson_in_Cabinet_Room_-_DPLA_-_233a41f911b52ed85fd1870f8de8405c.jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] bec</comment>
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'''Alan Kooi Simpson''''' (2 ga Satumba, 1931 - 14 ga Maris, 2025) ɗan siyasa ne ɗan Amurka daga Wyoming . Ɗan jam'iyyar Republican ne, ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Wyoming wanda ke wakiltar Park County, Wyoming daga 1965 zuwa 1977 kuma a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dattawan Amurka daga 1979 zuwa 1997. Simpson ya kasance mai tsawatarwa na jam'iyyar Republican a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka daga 1985 zuwa 1995, yana aiki a matsayin mai tsawatarwa na rinjaye na Majalisar Dattawan Amurka daga 1985 zuwa 1987. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai tsawatarwa na Hukumar Kula da Nauyin Kuɗi da Gyara (wanda aka fi sani da Simpson–Bowles) tare da shugabar jam'iyyar Democrat Erskine Bowles na North Carolina .

An haife shi a [[Denver]], Simpson ya kammala karatunsa na farko da na lauya a Jami'ar Wyoming . Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Wyoming daga 1965-1977 kafin a zaɓe shi a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a 1978. Bayan ya yi wa'adi uku, Simpson ya ƙi sake neman zaɓe a 1996. Bayan ya bar ofis, Simpson ya yi aikin lauya kuma ya koyar a jami'o'i da yawa. Ya kuma yi aiki a Hukumar Ci gaba da Gwamnati, Hukumar Kula da Monuments ta Amurka, da Ƙungiyar Nazarin Iraki . Ya kasance mai goyon bayan gyara Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Amurka don soke ''Citizens United da FEC'' (2010) tare da ba wa Majalisa damar sanya iyakokin kashe kuɗi kan kuɗaɗen kamfen . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mullen |first=Maggie |date=February 4, 2017 |title=Former Senator Simpson Working To Reverse Citizens United |url=https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/post/former-senator-simpson-working-reverse-citizens-united#stream/0 |access-date=November 16, 2019 |website=wyomingpublicmedia.org |publisher=Wyoming Public Media}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Simpson a [[Denver]], Colorado, a ranar 2 ga Satumba, 1931, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mullen |first=Maggie |date=February 4, 2017 |title=Former Senator Simpson Working To Reverse Citizens United |url=https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/post/former-senator-simpson-working-reverse-citizens-united#stream/0 |access-date=November 16, 2019 |website=wyomingpublicmedia.org |publisher=Wyoming Public Media}}&lt;/ref&gt; ɗan Milward Simpson da tsohon Lorna Kooi. Sunansa na tsakiya, Kooi, ya fito ne daga kakansa na uwa, wanda iyayensa baƙi ne daga ƙasar Holland. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Congressional Record, Volume 141 Issue 14 (Tuesday, January 24, 1995) |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CREC-1995-01-24/html/CREC-1995-01-24-pt1-PgS1427-2.htm |access-date=December 1, 2015 |website=Gpo.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; Simpson yana da ɗan'uwa babba, Pete Simpson, masanin tarihi kuma tsohon mai gudanarwa a Jami'ar Wyoming da ke Laramie, Wyoming, wanda ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Wyoming daga 1981 zuwa 1984, bayan ya wakilci Gundumar Sheridan, Wyoming, yayin da a lokacin yake shugaba a Kwalejin Sheridan . Pete Simpson shi ne ɗan takarar gwamna na jam'iyyar Republican a shekarar 1986, bayan ya nemi mukamin yayin da ƙaninsa ke aiki a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 29, 2002 |title=Former U.S. Sen. Alan Simpson And Brother To Lecture In Boulder, Denver Nov. 11-12 |url=https://www.colorado.edu/today/2002/10/29/former-us-sen-alan-simpson-and-brother-lecture-boulder-denver-nov-11-12 |access-date=November 15, 2019 |website=Colorado.edu |publisher=University of Colorado Boulder}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sanatan Amurka ==
[[Fayil:Meeting with Republican Congressional Leadership (Doughnuts) with Bob Michel, Bob Dole and Alan Simpson in Cabinet Room - DPLA - 233a41f911b52ed85fd1870f8de8405c.jpg|thumb|Simpson (na biyu daga hagu) a wani taron majalisar ministoci da Shugaba Ronald Reagan, Bob Michel da Bob Dole, 1985]]

=== Shigar jama'a ===
Simpson yana cikin kwamitin gudanarwa a Cibiyar Nazarin Zamantakewa ta Ƙasa (NICD). An ƙirƙiri cibiyar a Jami'ar Arizona bayan harbin da aka yi wa ɗan Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka Gabby Giffords daga Arizona. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mullen |first=Maggie |date=February 4, 2017 |title=Former Senator Simpson Working To Reverse Citizens United |url=https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/post/former-senator-simpson-working-reverse-citizens-united#stream/0 |access-date=November 16, 2019 |website=wyomingpublicmedia.org |publisher=Wyoming Public Media}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kasance memba na kwamitin girmamawa na ƙungiyar agaji ta Wings of Hope kuma shugaban kwamitin ba da shawara na Issue One, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da ke neman rage rawar da kuɗi ke takawa a siyasa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mullen |first=Maggie |date=February 4, 2017 |title=Former Senator Simpson Working To Reverse Citizens United |url=https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/post/former-senator-simpson-working-reverse-citizens-united#stream/0 |access-date=November 16, 2019 |website=wyomingpublicmedia.org |publisher=Wyoming Public Media}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Congressional Record, Volume 141 Issue 14 (Tuesday, January 24, 1995) |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CREC-1995-01-24/html/CREC-1995-01-24-pt1-PgS1427-2.htm |access-date=December 1, 2015 |website=Gpo.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar mutum da mutuwa ==
A shekarar 1954, Simpson ya auri tsohuwar Susan Ann Schroll, wacce ya haɗu da ita yayin da take karatu a Jami'ar Wyoming. Tare, sun haifi 'ya'ya uku masu suna William Simpson, Colin M. Simpson, da Susan Gallagher. 

Lafiyar Simpson ta ragu bayan kamuwa da ciwon sanyi a ƙarshen shekarunsa na tamanin, wanda ya haifar da yanke ƙafarsa ta ƙasa da ta hagu.  A watan Disamba na 2024, ya karye a kugunsa kuma bai taɓa murmurewa gaba ɗaya ba, wanda ya kai ga mutuwarsa a ƙarƙashin kulawar marasa lafiya a Cody, Wyoming, a ranar 14 ga Maris, 2025 yana da shekaru 93. &lt;ref name=&quot;McFadden&quot; /&gt;  
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2025]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1931]]
[[Rukuni:Articles with hAudio microformats]]
===MANAZARTA===</text>
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  <page>
    <title>James Gatehouse</title>
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'''James Gatehouse''' (27  Maris  1883 - 7 Disamba 1949) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar [[Australiya (Perth)|Australiya]] wanda ya buga wasa da Geelong a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Victorian (VFL). 

A shekara ta 1900 ya auri Eleanor Wright Austin, wanda aka fi sani da 'Nellie'. Ta kasance mai cin nasara a wasan golf kuma mai kula da golf kuma ta lashe lambobin yabo na Australiya guda uku, lambobin yabo biyar na Victorian da kuma Gasar Cin Kofin Kungiyar a Royal Melbourne Golf Club.[1] An lashe lambar yabo ta farko ta Australiya a shekara ta 1909.[2]

Mahaifin James Gatehouse ya kasance Magajin garin Melbourne a lokacin 1874-1875.

== Manazarta ==
&lt;ref&gt;Holmesby, Russell; Main, Jim (2014). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers: every AFL/VFL player since 1897 (10th ed.). Seaford, Victoria: BAS Publishing. p. 309. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-1-921496-32-5&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1883]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Malcolm Fraser</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>132072</id>
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        <id>75</id>
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      <comment>Replacing President_Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_with_Prime_Minister_Malcolm_Fraser_and_Tamara_Fraser.jpg with [[File:President_Ronald_Reagan_Nancy_Reagan_Malcolm_Fraser_and_Tamara_Fraser_in_Cross_Hall_Before_The_State_Dinner_for_Prime_Minister_Fraser_o</comment>
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'''John Malcolm Fraser''' / / ˈfreɪzər / ; 21 ga Mayu 1930 - 20 Maris 2015) wani manomi ne kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan ƙasar Ostiraliya wanda ya kasance firayim minista na 22 na ƙasar Ostiraliya, daga 1975 zuwa 1983. Ya riƙe muƙami a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar Liberal Party of Australia, kuma shi ne firayim minista na huɗu mafi daɗewa a tarihin Ostiraliya.

An haifi Fraser a sansanin tumakin mahaifinsa, kuma bayan ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Magdalen, Oxford, ya koma Ostiraliya don ya mallaki kadarorin iyalinsa a Gundumar Yammacin Victoria . Bayan shan kaye a karon farko a shekarar 1954, an zaɓe shi a Majalisar Wakilai ta Ostiraliya a zaɓen tarayya na 1955, a matsayin ɗan majalisa (MP) na yankin Wannon. Yana da shekaru 25 a lokacin, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙanƙanta mutane da aka taɓa zaɓa a majalisar. Shi ne Firayim Minista na baya-bayan nan a shekarar 2025 da ya wakilci mazabar karkara. Lokacin da Harold Holt ya zama Firayim Minista a 1966, an naɗa Fraser Ministan Sojoji. Bayan ɓacewar Holt kuma John Gorton ya maye gurbinsa, Fraser ya zama Ministan Ilimi da Kimiyya (1968–1969) sannan kuma Ministan Tsaro (1969–1971). A shekarar 1971, Fraser ya yi murabus daga majalisar ministoci kuma ya yi Allah wadai da Gorton a matsayin &quot;bai cancanci ya riƙe babban mukamin Firayim Minista ba&quot;; wannan ya haifar da maye gurbin Gorton da William McMahon. Daga baya ya koma tsohon fannin iliminsa da kimiyya.

Bayan da aka kayar da jam'iyyar Liberal-National Coalition a zaɓen 1972, Fraser bai yi nasara ba wajen tsayawa takarar shugabancin Liberal, inda ya sha kaye a hannun Billy Snedden . Lokacin da jam'iyyar ta sha kaye a zaɓen 1974, ya fara fafatawa da Snedden, daga ƙarshe ya fuskanci ƙalubale mai nasara a watan Maris na 1975. A matsayinsa na Shugaban 'Yan adawa, Fraser ya yi amfani da ikon da jam'iyyar ke da shi na Majalisar Dattawan Australiya don toshe hanyar da gwamnatin Whitlam ke samu, wanda hakan ya haifar da rikicin kundin tsarin mulki na Australiya na 1975. Wannan ya kai ga korar Gough Whitlam daga mukamin firayim minista ta hannun gwamna-janar Sir John Kerr, wani abu na musamman a tarihin Australiya. Daidaiton ayyukan Fraser a rikicin da kuma ainihin yadda ya taka rawa a shawarar Kerr ya kasance abin muhawara tun daga lokacin. Fraser ya kasance firayim ministan Australiya kaɗai da ya hau kan wannan matsayi bayan korar magajinsa.

Bayan korar Whitlam, an rantsar da Fraser a matsayin firayim minista bisa tsarin riƙon kwarya na farko. Ƙungiyar ta yi nasara mai yawa a zaɓen 1975, kuma an sake zaɓensa a 1977 da 1980. Fraser ya nuna sha'awar harkokin waje a matsayin firayim minista, kuma ya fi himma a fagen ƙasashen duniya fiye da sauran magabatansa. Ya kasance mai goyon bayan al'adu daban-daban, kuma a lokacin da yake kan mulki Ostiraliya ta karɓi baƙi da yawa waɗanda ba fararen fata ba (ciki har da 'yan Vietnam masu jirgin ruwa ) a karon farko, wanda hakan ya kawo ƙarshen manufofin White Australia. Gwamnatinsa ta kuma kafa Sabis na Watsa Labarai na Musamman (SBS). Musamman a shekarunsa na ƙarshe a kan mulki, Fraser ya shiga rikici da ɓangaren &quot;bushewar&quot; tattalin arziki da kuma masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na kuɗi na jam'iyyarsa. Gwamnatinsa ta yi wasu manyan canje-canje kaɗan ga manufofin tattalin arziki.

Bayan ya sha kaye a zaɓen 1983, Fraser ya yi ritaya daga siyasa. A lokacin aikinsa na bayan siyasa, ya riƙe muƙamai na ba da shawara a Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (MDD) da kuma [[Kasashen common wealth|Commonwealth of Nations]], kuma ya kasance shugaban hukumar agaji [[Hadin Gwiwa Don Taimakawa A Ko Ina|ta CARE]] daga 1990 zuwa 1995. Ya yi murabus daga jam'iyyar Liberal Party a 2009 bayan zaɓen Tony Abbott a matsayin shugaba, Fraser ya kasance mai suka ga manufofin 'yan Liberal tsawon shekaru da dama. An yi ta cece-kuce kan matsayin Firayim Minista na Fraser. Gabaɗaya ana yaba masa da dawo da zaman lafiya a ƙasar bayan jerin shugabanni na ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma an yaba masa saboda jajircewarsa ga al'adu daban-daban da kuma adawa da wariyar launin fata a [[Afirka ta Kudu]], amma yanayin shigarsa ofis har yanzu yana ci gaba da zama abin cece-kuce kuma mutane da yawa sun ɗauki gwamnatinsa a matsayin wata dama da ta ɓace don gyaran tattalin arziki. Shi ne Firayim Minista na ƙarshe na Australiya wanda ya cancanci a yi masa salon &quot; Right Honourable &quot; a matsayin memba na Majalisar Sirri ta Burtaniya. Wa'adinsa na shekaru bakwai da rabi a matsayin firayim minista shi ne na huɗu mafi tsawo a tarihin Ostiraliya, sai dai Bob Hawke, John Howard da Robert Menzies sun wuce shi.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==

=== Haihuwa da asalin iyali ===
An haifi John Malcolm Fraser &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Redmond |first=Elizabeth M. |date= |orig-date=1972 |others=Published online in 2006. |title=Sir Simon Fraser (1832–1919) |url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fraser-sir-simon-399 |journal=[[Australian Dictionary of Biography]] |volume=4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114083439/https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fraser-sir-simon-399 |archive-date=14 January 2025 |quote=A grandson John Malcolm Fraser (1930-2015) was prime minister of Australia from 1975 to 1983.}}&lt;/ref&gt; a Toorak, Melbourne, Victoria, a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1930. Shi ne na biyu cikin 'ya'ya biyu da Una Arnold (née Woolf) da John Neville Fraser suka haifa; babbar 'yar'uwarsa Lorraine an haife ta a shekarar 1928. Shi da mahaifinsa an san su ne kawai da sunayensu na tsakiya. Kakansa na uba, Sir Simon Fraser, an haife shi a Nova Scotia, Kanada, kuma ya isa Ostiraliya a shekarar 1853. Ya sami dukiyarsa a matsayin mai kwangilar jirgin ƙasa, kuma daga baya ya sami manyan matsugunan [[kiwo]], ya zama memba na &quot; squattocracy &quot;. Kakan Fraser na uwa, Louis Woolf, an haife shi a Dunedin, New Zealand, kuma ya isa Ostiraliya tun yana yaro. Asalinsa Bayahude ne, abin da jikansa bai koya ba har sai da ya girma. A matsayin akawu mai hayar kasuwanci, ya auri Amy Booth, wacce take da alaƙa da dangin Horordern masu arziki na Sydney kuma ɗan uwan farko ne na Sir Samuel Horordern. 

Fraser yana da tarihin siyasa a ɓangarorin biyu na iyalinsa. Mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakool Shire, ciki har da shugaban ƙasa na tsawon shekaru biyu, kuma mai sha'awar Billy Hughes ne kuma abokin Richard Casey. Simon Fraser ya yi aiki a majalisun biyu na Majalisar Dokokin Victoria ta mulkin mallaka, kuma ya wakilci Victoria a wasu yarjejeniyoyi na kundin tsarin mulki na shekarun 1890. Daga ƙarshe ya zama ɗaya daga cikin membobin farko na sabuwar Majalisar Dattawan Tarayya, yana aiki daga 1901 zuwa 1913 a matsayin memba na jam'iyyun farko na masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Louis Woolf ya kuma tsaya takarar Majalisar Dattawa a 1901, yana tsayawa a matsayin ' Yancin Kasuwanci a Yammacin Ostiraliya . Ya sami ƙuri'u 400 kacal a duk faɗin jihar, kuma bai sake zama ɗan takarar mukamai na gwamnati ba. 

== Mai tsaron baya ==
[[Fayil:Fraser1956.jpg|left|thumb|Fraser a shekarar 1956, jim kaɗan bayan zaɓensa a Majalisar Dokoki]]
[[Fayil:Malcolm_Fraser_1974_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Fraser a shekarar 1974.]]
[[Fayil:Fraser_-_Ford_-_Peck.jpg|right|thumb|Fraser a wani liyafar cin abincin dare na fadar [[White House]] a shekarar 1976, inda Shugaba Gerald Ford ya gabatar da shi ga jarumi Gregory Peck . Haka kuma ana iya ganin jaruma Shirley Temple a bayan Ford.]]
[[Fayil:John_Fraser_Prime_Minister_of_Australia_and_Jimmy_Carter_during_a_state_visit_arrival_ceremony._-_NARA_-_175240.tif|left|thumb|Fraser da shugaban Amurka [[Jimmy Carter]] a watan Yunin 1977]]
[[Fayil:President Ronald Reagan Nancy Reagan Malcolm Fraser and Tamara Fraser in Cross Hall Before The State Dinner for Prime Minister Fraser of Australia - DPLA - 9cdea15d1f7bd806dfa65d4e7d022b36.jpg|right|thumb|Frasers tare da Ronald da Nancy Reagan a Fadar [[White House]] a shekarar 1982]]
[[Fayil:MalcolmFraser1982.JPEG|left|thumb|Fraser a shekarar 1982, kusan ƙarshen wa'adinsa a ofis]]
[[Fayil:FraserSorry.jpg|right|thumb|Fraser a Majalisar Dokoki a shekarar 2008, saboda neman afuwar da Kevin Rudd ya yi wa [[Ƙungiyoyin da aka sace|tsararrakin da aka sace]]]]
[[Fayil:Malcolm_and_Tamie_Fraser.jpg|left|thumb|Malcolm da Tamie Fraser a wani taron siyasa a shekarar 1958]]
[[File:Grave_of_John_Malcolm_Fraser,_Melbourne_General_Cemetery_2017.jpg|thumb|Kabarin Fraser a cikin Lambun Firayim Minista na Babban Makabartar Melbourne]]

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Matattun 2015]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1930]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Eugenia Charles</title>
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      <comment>Replacing President_Ronald_Reagan_meets_with_Prime_Minister_Eugenia_Charles.jpg with [[File:President_Ronald_Reagan_Meets_with_Prime_Minister_Eugenia_Charles_of_Dominica_on_Events_in_Grenada_George_Shultz_and_Robert_Mcfarlane_Also_Visible_-_DPLA_-_b2115fa</comment>
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'''Dame Mary Eugenia Charles''' (15 ga Mayu 1919 - 6 ga Satumba 2005) 'yar siyasar Dominica ce wacce ta kasance Firayim Minista ta Dominica daga 21 ga Yulin 1980 har zuwa 14 ga Yuni 1995. Lauyan mace na farko a Dominica, ita ce ta farko a Dominique, kuma har zuwa yau, Firayim Minista mace. Ita ce Firayim Minista ta biyu a cikin [[Karibiyan|Caribbean]] bayan Lucina da Costa na Netherlands Antilles . Ita ce mace ta farko a Amurka da aka zaba a matsayinta na [[Shugaban Gwamnati|shugaban gwamnati]]. Ta yi aiki na biyu mafi tsawo na kowane Firayim Minista na Dominica, kuma ita ce Firayim Ministan Mata na biyar mafi tsawo a duniya ko shugaban gwamnati, bayan [[Sheikh Hasina]] na [[Bangladesh]], Sirimavo Bandaranaike na [[Sri Lanka]], [[Angela Merkel]] na [[Jamus]] da Indira Gandhi na [[Indiya]]. {{Efn|Although Sirimavo Bandaranaike served as Prime Minister of Sri Lanka for approximately 16 years, she served as the head of government during her first two terms only; the prime minister was no longer the head of government during her last term from 1994 to 2000.}} &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eugenia Charles |url=https://london.ac.uk/eugenia-charles |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200821070311/https://london.ac.uk/eugenia-charles |archive-date=21 August 2020 |access-date=17 January 2020 |publisher=University of London}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An kuma bayyana ta a matsayin &quot;Iron Lady of the Caribbean&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eugenia Charles |url=https://london.ac.uk/eugenia-charles |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200821070311/https://london.ac.uk/eugenia-charles |archive-date=21 August 2020 |access-date=17 January 2020 |publisher=University of London}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
An haifi Eugenia Charles a ranar 15 ga Mayu 1919, a ƙauyen kamun kifi na Pointe Michel a Saint Luke Parish, Dominica . Ita ce 'yar [[J. B. Charles|John Baptiste &quot;J. B. &quot; Charles]] da Josephine Charles (née Delauney),  ƙarama cikin yara huɗu.  An dauki iyalinta a matsayin wani ɓangare na &quot;launi bourgeoisie&quot;, zuriyar 'yanci masu launin fata. Mahaifinta masanin gini ne wanda ya zama mai mallakar ƙasa mai arziki kuma yana da sha'awar kasuwanci a fitarwa da shigo da kayayyaki.

Ta wuce mashaya kuma ta koma Dominica, inda ta zama lauya mace ta farko a tsibirin. Ta kafa aikin kwararre a cikin dokar dukiya. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Dominica Bar Association a cikin shekarun 1970s. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin darakta na Bankin hadin gwiwar Dominican, wanda mahaifinta ya kafa, kuma ya kafa tsarin rancen dalibai na farko a kasar.

Charles bai taba yin aure ba kuma ba shi da yara. A shekara ta 1991, an sanya ta Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE). 

== Ayyukan siyasa ==
[[Fayil:President Ronald Reagan Meets with Prime Minister Eugenia Charles of Dominica on Events in Grenada George Shultz and Robert Mcfarlane Also Visible - DPLA - b2115fa33fa49a111b0a71dd2acfb384.jpg|left|thumb|Charles ya sadu da Shugaban Amurka Ronald Reagan a Ofishin Oval na Fadar White House game da abubuwan da ke faruwa a [[Grenada]]]]
Charles ya fara kamfen a siyasa a cikin shekarun 1960 game da ƙuntatawa kan 'yancin' yan jarida. Ta rubuta ginshiƙan jarida da ba a san su ba ga The Herald da The Star suna sukar gwamnatin Dominica Labour Party . [1] A shekara ta 1967, ta shiga cikin Freedom Fighters, ƙungiyar bayar da shawarwari wacce ke adawa da Dokar Littattafai Masu Rikici da Ba a so. [1] [2] A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1968, kungiyar ta haɗu da Ƙungiyar Democrat ta Dominica don zama Jam'iyyar Dominica Freedom Party (DFP). Jam'iyyar ta gudanar da taron farko a watan Yunin 1969 kuma an nada Charles a matsayin jagoranta, matsayin da za ta rike har zuwa 1995. [2][3]

Charles ya tsaya takarar kujerar [[Roseau North (Dominica constituency)|Roseau ta Arewa]] a Babban zaben 1970 amma ya sha kashi a hannun Patrick John . An zabe ta a Majalisar Dokoki a Babban zaben 1975, tana wakiltar mazabar Roseau Central kuma ta zama Shugaban Jam'iyyar adawa. Charles ya kasance wakili a taron kundin tsarin mulki na 1977 a Gidan Marlborough a London kuma ya goyi bayan Dominica samun cikakken 'yancin kai daga mulkin Burtaniya a shekarar 1978. A shekara ta 1979, ta kasance memba na Kwamitin Ceto na Kasa, wanda ya kirkiro gwamnatin wucin gadi bayan murabus din Patrick John.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

=== Firayim Minista ===
[[Fayil:Eugenia_Charles_(full).jpg|thumb|Charles a Grenada a cikin 1986]]
Charles ya zama Firayim Minista lokacin da DFP ta mamaye Babban zaben 1980, nasarar zaben farko na jam'iyyar. [1] Ta maye gurbin Oliver Seraphin, wanda ya hau mulki ne kawai a shekarar da ta gabata, lokacin da zanga-zangar jama'a ta tilasta Firayim Minista na farko na kasar, Patrick John, ya sauka daga mukamin. Lokacin ta na farko ya mayar da hankali kan sake gina ababen more rayuwa da kuma kula da bala'i kamar yadda Guguwar David ta buge Dominica a ranar 29 ga watan Agusta 1979.[2] Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Waje na Dominica daga 1980 zuwa 1990, Ministan Kudi daga 1980 zuwa 1995, kuma a matsayin shugabar Ƙungiyar Kasashen Gabashin Caribbean (OECS). [undefined][3][4]

A shekara ta 1981, ta fuskanci yunkurin juyin mulki sau biyu. A wannan shekarar Frederick Newton, kwamandan Sojojin Dominica, ya shirya hari kan hedikwatar 'yan sanda a Roseau, wanda ya haifar da mutuwar wani jami'in' yan sanda. An sami Newton da wasu sojoji biyar da laifi a harin kuma an yanke musu hukuncin kisa a shekarar 1983. Daga baya aka sauya hukuncin da aka yanke wa magoya bayan guda biyar zuwa rai da rai a kurkuku, amma an kashe Newton a shekarar 1986. &lt;ref name=&quot;coup&quot; /&gt;

A cikin 1981, wani rukuni na 'yan fashi na Kanada da Amurka, galibi suna da alaƙa da fararen fata da kungiyoyin Ku Klux Klan, sun shirya juyin mulki don dawo da tsohon Firayim Minista Patrick John zuwa mulki. Yunkurin, wanda masu makirci suka kira Operation Red Dog, jami'an tarayya na Amurka a [[New Orleans|New Orleans, Louisiana]] sun hana shi. Ba da daɗewa ba aka yi masa lakabi da &quot;Bayou of Pigs&quot;, yana nufin mamayewar Bay of Pigs da ta gaza shekaru da suka gabata a Cuba.S
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2005]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1919]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abdul Aziz Malazada</title>
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'''Abdul Aziz Malazada''' (1917 - 1987) masanin [[Mabiya Sunnah|Sunni]] ne, lauya kuma ɗan siyasa daga Iran . An san shi da kokarin da ya yi na inganta imani da koyarwar Sunni a yankin, da kuma gudummawar da ya bayar ga ilimin Islama da shari'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Qalandarzahi |first=Abdul Wahed |date=2014-04-20 |title=All about Hazrat Maulana Abdul Aziz Molazad |url=http://sunnionline.us/balochi/2014/04/86 |access-date=2023-02-14 |website=SunniOnline |language=fa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kafa kuma ya gudanar da cibiyoyin addini da yawa, gami da Jamiah Darul Uloom Zahedan, inda ya horar da malamai da daliban kimiyyar Islama da yawa. Ya kuma shiga cikin siyasa da harkokin zamantakewa, yana aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar don Binciken Ƙarshe na Kundin Tsarin Mulki kuma wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban Jam'iyyar Muslim Union. Ya kasance mai ba da shawara ga haƙƙin Sunnis a Iran kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta jituwa da fahimta tsakanin addinai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Alim-e Rabbani and great reformer Hazrat Maulana Abdulaziz Molazade |url=http://ensani.ir/fa/article/245917/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85-%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%88-%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%AD-%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF-%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B2-%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87 |access-date=2023-02-14 |website=ensani.ir |language=fa }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, Ya kasance marubuci da mawaƙi, marubucin littattafai da yawa game da dokar Islama, tauhidin, da ruhaniya.

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
An haifi Abdul Aziz Malazada a shekara ta 1917 a ƙauyen Depkor, Sarbaz a Lardin Sistan da Baluchestan kuma ya mutu a shekara ta 1987. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Yunkurin Deobandi a Iran
* Jerin Deobandis

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}{{Hanafi scholars}}{{Maturidi}}
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1987]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1917]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Haim Bodek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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Haim Bodek (An haife shi 1970 or 1971 :25) wani ɗan ƙasar [[Amurka]] ne mai haɓaka manhajar ciniki . Ya yi aiki a Hull Trading Company wanda Goldman Sachs ya saya a shekarar 1999. Ya zama shugaban duniya na Electronic Volatility Trading a UBS a shekarar 2006, daga baya ya kafa nasa kamfanin, Trading Machines, a shekarar 2007. : 33–35 

Lokacin da manhajarsa ta fara asarar kuɗi a shekarar 2009, ya bi diddigin dalilin zuwa wani nau'in oda mara takardu wanda wasu kamfanonin ciniki na algorithmic ke amfani da shi don samun fa'ida fiye da sauran 'yan kasuwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Alec Liu |date=2014-12-19 |title=What Led Whistle-Blower Haim Bodek to Expose the Biggest Scam on Wall Street? |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-fix-is-in-0000517-v21n12/ |publisher=[[Vice (magazine)|vice.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fallasa lamarin da ƙara a shekarar 2011 ga Hukumar Tsaro da Musayar Kuɗi, wanda ya sa BATS Global Markets ta biya tarar dala miliyan 14.  Wani fim ɗin gaskiya na shekarar 2013, ''The Wall Street Code'', ya ba da labarin binciken Bodek game da dabarun ciniki ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Wall Street Code |url=https://topdocumentaryfilms.com/wall-street-code/ |access-date=10 May 2020 |website=Top Documentary Films}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shi ɗan masanin kimiyyar lissafi ne Arie Bodek .  {{Rp|24}}Ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Rochester a shekarar 1995 da digiri a fannin lissafi da [[Hanyoyin bincike a kimiyyar fahimta|kimiyyar fahimta]], sannan ya tafi aiki a Magnify, kamfanin da masanin kimiyyar kwamfuta Robert Grossman ya kafa. &lt;ref name=&quot;darkpools&quot; /&gt; {{Rp|26}}Ya auri Elizabeth Bonheim a shekarar 1997. &lt;ref name=&quot;darkpools&quot; /&gt; {{Rp|35}}

== Manazarta ==

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    <title>Zoe Rapti</title>
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      <text bytes="3378" sha1="5hxzpmvhs9qrtp9w6z6c4bhhlrk1f84" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}} 
'''Zoe Rapti''' (Girkanci: ; an haife ta a shekara ta 1966) lauya ce kuma 'yar siyasa a Girka, wacce ta kasance memba na majalisar dokokin Hellenic na jam'iyyar New Democracy na Athens B1 tun daga shekarar 2019. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Lafiya a cikin Ma'aikatar Kyriakos Mitsotakis daga 2020 zuwa 2023.

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
An haifi Rapti a Athens kuma tana zaune a cikin garin Filothei-Psychiko . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ράπτη Ζωή |url=https://vouliwatch.gr/mp/rapti-zoi |access-date=2020-08-04 |website=vouliwatch - Δυναμώνουμε τη Δημοκρατία}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi karatun shari'a a Jami'ar Kasa da Kapodistrian ta Athens (1984-1989) sannan ta fara karatun digiri na biyu a Jami'an Kent a Ingila (1990-1991), inda ta sami Jagora na Dokoki tare da girmamawa a Dokar Kasuwanci ta Duniya.&lt;ref name=&quot;eklogika&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;biography&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Το Βιογραφικό της Ζωής Ράπτη |url=http://www.zoirapti.gr/viografiko/ |access-date=7 October 2020 |website=Ζωή Ράπτη |language=el |archive-date=22 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922165328/http://www.zoirapti.gr/viografiko/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga 1991 zuwa 2014, Rapti ta yi aiki a matsayin lauya a Athens a Majalisar Jiha inda ta ƙware a cikin muhalli da dokar binciken. Ta yi aiki tare da &quot;Chamber of Environment and Sustainability&quot; daga 2001 zuwa 2005 kuma tare da babban sakatariyar wasannin Olympics a Ma'aikatar Al'adu kan dorewa da kuma raba amfani da wuraren Olympics daga 2004 zuwa 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;eklogika&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;biography&quot;/&gt;

== Ayyukan siyasa ==
Rapti ya kasance wakilin gari na Psychiko daga 1998 har zuwa 2014, yana aiki a matsayin mataimakin magajin gari daga 2005 zuwa 2006 kuma a cikin 2009, shugaban majalisa a cikin 2007, kuma wakilin gari a cikin Tarayyar Tsakiya ta Gundumar Girka (ΚΕΔΕ) daga 2007 zuwa 2010. [1][2] Daga 2010 zuwa 2015, ta kasance Babban Sakatare na Cibiyar Dimokuradiyya ta Konstantinos Karamanlis . Ta kasance Sakatariyar Harkokin Jama'a ta Jam'iyyar kuma memba ne na bangarorin kiwon lafiya, aiki, da hadin kan al'umma na jam'iyyar New Democracy daga 2016 zuwa 2018.[1][2]

Rapti ya kasance dan takara na jam'iyyar New Democracy a Zaben Majalisar Tarayyar Turai na 2014. Ta shiga cikin zaben Janairu da Satumba 2015, tana tsaye ga jam'iyyar New Democracy a Athens B, amma ba ta lashe kujerar ba. A watan Afrilun 2019 an rantsar da ita a matsayin memba na majalisa bayan murabus din Vangelis Meimarakis . An sake zabar ta a matsayin memba na majalisa na Athens B a zaben Yuli 2019 da kuma Zaben Mayu 2023 . &lt;ref name=&quot;eklogika&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΑ ΝΕΑ{{!}}ΕΚΛΟΓΕΣ 2019{{!}}ΥΠΟΨΗΦΙΟΙ{{!}}ΨΗΦΟΔΕΛΤΙΑ |url=https://www.eklogika.gr/page/viografika/z-rapti-cv |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012052913/https://www.eklogika.gr/page/viografika/z-rapti-cv |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=2020-08-04 |website=www.eklogika.gr |language=el}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;biography&quot;/&gt;

Tun daga 5 ga watan Agustan 2020, Rapti ya kasance Mataimakin Ministan Lafiya, tare da alhakin lafiyar kwakwalwa a cikin Ma'aikatar Kyriakos Mitsotakis . &lt;ref name=&quot;eklogika&quot;/&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}} 
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1966]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abdulaziz Haqqani</title>
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Abdulaziz Haqqani (Pashto: عبدالعزيز حقاني, Romanized: Abd-ul-'Aziz Haqqānī, pspsps; haife c. 1987 - c. 1989), wanda kuma aka sani da Aziz Haqqani (Pashto: عزيز حقاني, dan kungiyar Haqqani ne na kungiyar Haqqani), [1] tsohon shugabanta Jalaluddin Haqqani, kuma mataimakinsa Sirajuddin Haqqani. Yayin da ɗan'uwansa ke aiki a matsayin babban jagoran hanyar sadarwar, Abdulaziz yana aiki a matsayin mataimakinsa kuma kwamandan gudanarwa mai kula da tsarawa da aiwatar da dukkan manyan hare-hare.[2][3]

== Rayuwa ==
An haifi Abdulaziz Haqqani a Afghanistan tsakanin shekarun 1987 zuwa 1989 ga Jalaluddin Haqqani da matarsa ​​ta farko[1][2]. ’Yan Taliban suna kiransa da Hafiz mai daraja, wanda ke nuni da cewa ya haddace Alkur’ani gaba daya[3].

Bayan lalacewar lafiyar Jalaluddin Haqqani, dansa Sirajuddin Haqqanii ya ɗauki nauyin aiki a matsayin babban shugaban cibiyar sadarwa ta Haqqani. Wani ɗan Jalaluddin, Badruddin Haqqani, ya ɗauki matsayi mai girma a cikin ƙungiyar a matsayin kwamandan aiki, kafin a kashe shi a wani harin jirgin sama na Amurka a cikin 2012. Bayan kisan ɗan'uwansa Badruddin Haqqani, Abdulaziz Haqqani ya ɗauki alhakin duk manyan hare-haren Haqqani Network, yana da hannu sosai a cikin yanke shawara na soja da hanyoyin dabaru.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Yusufzai |first=Arshad |date=2022-03-07 |title=Sirajuddin Haqqani, feared and secretive Taliban figure, reveals face in rare public appearance |url=https://arab.news/jwznk |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=[[Arab News]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 September 2015 |title=Abdul Aziz Haqqani Designated Global Terrorist |url=https://editorials.voa.gov/a/abdul-aziz-haqqani-designated-global-terrorist/2952770.html |access-date=18 January 2023 |website=[[Voice of America]] |language=en |archive-date=18 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118174835/https://editorials.voa.gov/a/abdul-aziz-haqqani-designated-global-terrorist/2952770.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A cewar FDD's Long War Journal, a matsayin shugaban ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa ta Haqqani, Abdulaziz Haqqani yana da dangantaka mai karfi da al-Qaeda, Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, Jaish-e-Muhammad, Lashcar-e-Tayyiba, da Tehrik-e-Maliban Pakistan.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roggio |first=Bill |author-link=Bill Roggio |date=25 August 2015 |title=US adds Haqqani Network commander to list of global terrorists |url=https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2015/08/us-adds-haqqani-network-commander-to-list-of-global-terrorists.php |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=[[FDD's Long War Journal]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan hare-Harin Taliban na 2021 da maido da mulkin [[Afghanistan|Masarautar Musulunci ta Afghanistan]] a kan kasar, an nada shi a matsayin mataimakin Sirajuddin Haqqani. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 October 2022 |title=Al Qaeda, ISIS and the Taliban |url=https://ultrascan-research.com/assets/files/Report_AfPak-intelligence-Monitor-Al-QaedaandISIS-Taliban-October-13-2022-REDACTED.pdf |access-date=19 January 2023 |website=Ultrascan Research Services}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hukunce-hukunce ==
Kodayake Amurka ta ba da izinin cibiyar sadarwa ta Haqqani a matsayin Kungiyar Ta'addanci ta kasashen waje tun watan Satumbar 2012, Abdulaziz Haqqani an ba da izini ne kawai a matsayin Mai Ta'addancin Duniya na Musamman tun daga 25 ga watan Agusta 2015, tare da lada har zuwa dala miliyan 5 don bayanin da ke kaiwa ga wurinsa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aziz Haqqani |url=https://rewardsforjustice.net/rewards/aziz-haqqani/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707082556/https://rewardsforjustice.net/rewards/aziz-haqqani/ |archive-date=7 July 2022 |access-date=19 January 2022 |website=[[Rewards for Justice]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Yusufzai |first=Arshad |date=2022-03-07 |title=Sirajuddin Haqqani, feared and secretive Taliban figure, reveals face in rare public appearance |url=https://arab.news/jwznk |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=[[Arab News]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Taliban sun yi tir da wannan matakin, wadanda suka bayyana Abdulaziz Haqqani a matsayin &quot;Mujahid mai ƙarancin matsayi na Masarautar Musulunci,&quot; yayin da suke bayyana cewa takunkumin ba zai yi tasiri ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roggio |first=Bill |author-link=Bill Roggio |date=29 August 2015 |title=Taliban decries US designation of 'low-ranking ' Haqqani Network commander |url=https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2015/08/taliban-decries-us-designation-of-low-ranking-haqqani-network-commander.php |access-date=18 January 2023 |website=[[FDD's Long War Journal]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2025, ma'aikatar cikin gida ta Afghanistan ta ba da sanarwar ɗaga kyaututtuka da Amurka ta sanya a kan Haqqani da danginsa Sirajuddin Haqqani kuma [[Yahya Haqqani]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Yusufzai |first=Arshad |date=2022-03-07 |title=Sirajuddin Haqqani, feared and secretive Taliban figure, reveals face in rare public appearance |url=https://arab.news/jwznk |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=[[Arab News]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ivana Trump</title>
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      <comment>Replacing Ivana_Trump_shakes_hands_with_Fahd_of_Saudi_Arabia.jpg with [[File:State_Visit_of_King_Fahd_of_Saudi_Arabia_State_Dinner_Receiving_Line_with_Ivana_Trump_and_Donald_Trump_in_East_Room_-_DPLA_-_1a44d05819eab8ba3dcf7a6883ad92ba.jpg]] (by [[:c:User:</comment>
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      <text bytes="9662" sha1="n44cbxxudutyonkhszssa77g43htm59" xml:space="preserve">'''Ivana Marie Trump''' ( née Zelníčková ; {{Efn|{{IPA|cs|ˈzɛlɲiːtʃkovaː|lang}}|name=MN}} Fabrairu 20, 1949 - Yuli 14, 2022) 'Yar kasuwa ce 'yar Czech da Amurka, mai son jama'a, kuma mai tallata kayan kawa. Ta zauna a [[Kanada]] a shekarun 1970, kafin ta koma Amurka ta auri [[Donald Trump]] a shekarar 1977. Ta rike manyan mukamai na gudanarwa a Trump Organization, a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban zane-zanen cikin gida, babban jami'i kuma shugaban wurin shakatawa na gidan caca na Trump's Castle, da kuma manajan Plaza Hotel .

Ivana da Donald Trump sun kasance fitattun mutane a cikin al'ummar New York a tsawon shekarun 1980. Sakin ma'auratan, wanda aka amince da shi a shekarar 1990, ya kasance batun da kafofin watsa labarai suka yi ta yayatawa sosai. [lower-alpha 1] Bayan rabuwar, ta ƙirƙiro nata nau'ikan tufafi, kayan ado na zamani, da kayan kwalliya waɗanda aka sayar a QVC UK da Home Shopping Network . Ta rubuta wani shafi na ba da shawara ga Globe mai suna &quot;Ask Ivana&quot; daga 1995 zuwa 2010, kuma ta buga littattafai da dama, ciki har da ayyukan almara, taimakon kai, da kuma tarihin rayuwar da ke raising Trump .

== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Ivana Marie Zelníčková {{Efn|name=MN}} a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, 1949, a Gottwaldov, Jamhuriyar Gurguzu ta Czechoslovak ( Zlín na yanzu, Jamhuriyar Czech), 'yar Miloš Zelníček (1927–1990) da Marie Zelníčková (ɗan Francová, an haife ta a 1926). {{Sfn|Hurt III|1993}} &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 27, 2018 |title=Zemřela Ivana Trumpová. První manželce Donalda Trumpa bylo 73 let |url=https://www.respekt.cz/tydenik/2018/44/donald-trump-v-hledacku-stb |access-date=December 31, 2023 |website=Týdeník Respekt |publisher=Respekt}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Marie Zelníčková (born Francová) |url=https://www.myheritage.com/names/marie_zeln%C3%AD%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801212809/https://www.myheritage.com/names/marie_zeln%C3%AD%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1 |archive-date=August 1, 2020 |access-date=June 1, 2019 |website=myheritage.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An rene ta a gidan Katolika .  Mahaifinta injiniyan lantarki ne kuma mahaifiyarta tana aiki a matsayin mai aiki da waya. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Burleigh |first=Nina |date=November 27, 2017 |title=Donald Trump's first ex-wife, Ivana, once wore homemade clothes. Now she spends holidays at Mar-a-Lago |url=https://www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-ivana-donald-ivanka-trump-russia-communism-czech-republic-721669 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924144516/https://www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-ivana-donald-ivanka-trump-russia-communism-czech-republic-721669 |archive-date=September 24, 2020 |access-date=August 23, 2020 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mahaifinta ya ƙarfafa wa 'yarsa damar yin wasan tsere kan dusar ƙanƙara, aikin da ta fara tun tana da shekaru huɗu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;  Bayan haɓaka ƙwarewa a matsayin mai wasan tsere kan dusar ƙanƙara, Ivana ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙaramar ƙungiyar wasan tsere kan dusar ƙanƙara ta ƙasa, wanda ya ba ta damar yin tafiya fiye da iyakokin kwaminisanci na zamanin Soviet na abin da a wancan lokacin ake kira Jamhuriyar Gurguzu ta Czechoslovak. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Ta halarci Jami'ar Charles da ke Prague kuma ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin motsa jiki a shekarar 1972.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; A shekarar 1970 Ivana ta fito a Talabijin na Czechoslovak a cikin shirin talabijin na yara na ''Pan Tau'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heinlein |first=Stefan |date=November 16, 2016 |title=Ex-Frau von Donald Trump – Ivana Trump plant Diplomatenkarriere in Prag |url=https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/ex-frau-von-donald-trump-ivana-trump-plant.1773.de.html?dram:article_id=371467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117133017/https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/ex-frau-von-donald-trump-ivana-trump-plant.1773.de.html?dram:article_id=371467 |archive-date=November 17, 2020 |access-date=August 24, 2020 |website=Deutschlandfunk |language=de-DE}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Wani mai ba da labari ( StB ) mai suna ''Lubos'' ya ba da rahoto ga manyansa a shekarar 1977 yadda Ivana ta fara aiki a wani gidan mai a Austria, inda ta haɗu da mijinta na farko a shekarar 1968. Daga nan ta yi ƙaura zuwa Kanada, inda ta auri Trump. &lt;/blockquote&gt;A shekarar 1988, Ivana ta shaida wa manema labarai cewa an zaɓe ta a matsayin madadin ƙungiyar tseren kankara ta Czechoslovak a lokacin gasar Olympics ta hunturu ta 1972, wadda ta ƙware a wasannin gangara da tsalle-tsalle . &lt;ref name=&quot;mmw&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=White |first=Marion M. |date=September 26, 1988 |title=Ivana Trump: Hard work, discipline and self-reliance |url=https://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/doc/nb/news/0EB528F413ED16AC?p=AWNB |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107132556/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/doc/nb/news/0EB528F413ED16AC?p=AWNB |archive-date=November 7, 2018 |access-date=July 19, 2019 |website=[[Tampa Bay Times|St. Petersburg Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Duk da haka, Czechoslovakia ta aika 'yan wasa mata huɗu ne kawai zuwa gasar Olympics ta hunturu ta 1972, kuma babu ɗaya daga cikinsu da ya yi tseren kankara ta Alpine. A shekarar 1989, Petr Pomezný, Sakatare Janar na Kwamitin Olympics na Czechoslovak, ya musanta ikirarin Ivana kuma ya bayyana cewa, duk da bincike mai zurfi, ba a sami wani rikodin da ya nuna cewa ta shiga gasar ba.  A shekarar 2021, Snopes ta tabbatar da cewa Czechoslovakia ba ta aika mata 'yan tseren kankara ta Alpine zuwa gasar Olympics ta hunturu ta 1972 ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 27, 2018 |title=Zemřela Ivana Trumpová. První manželce Donalda Trumpa bylo 73 let |url=https://www.respekt.cz/tydenik/2018/44/donald-trump-v-hledacku-stb |access-date=December 31, 2023 |website=Týdeník Respekt |publisher=Respekt}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hijira zuwa Kanada ==
A shekarar 1971 Ivana ta auri Alfred Winklmayr, wani malamin wasan kankara na Austria da kuma abokinta na platonic, domin samun fasfo. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lague&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;McCauley&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Conconi&quot; /&gt; Auren ya ba ta 'yancin barin Czechoslovakia ba tare da ta sauya sheka ba don haka za ta iya riƙe 'yancin komawa don ziyartar iyayenta.  {{Sfn|Hurt III|1993}}   A matsayinta na Ivana Winklmayr, ta karɓi fasfo ɗinta na Austria a watan Maris na 1972.  A watan Agusta na 1973,  ta sami saki daga Alfred Winklmayr a [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], inda ya ƙaura don koyar da wasan kankara. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lague&quot; /&gt; {{Sfn|Hurt III|1993}} &lt;ref name=&quot;Conconi&quot; /&gt;

Ivana ta yi mu'amala da mawaki kuma marubuciyar wasan kwaikwayo {{Interlanguage link|Jiří Štaidl|cs}} cikin soyayya. wanda ya mutu a hatsarin mota a shekarar 1973. {{Sfn|Burleigh|2018}} Bayan mutuwar Štaidl, Ivana ta koma Kanada inda ta zauna tare da George (Jiří) Syrovátka wanda ta yi soyayya tun 1967; Syrovátka ta koma Kanada a shekarar 1971 kuma ta mallaki wani shagon sayar da kayan wasan kankara a Montreal. {{Sfn|Hurt III|1993}}   Ta yi iƙirarin a lokacin ta auri Syrovátka, kodayake su biyun ba su taɓa yin aure ba.   Ivana ta yi aiki a matsayin mai koyar da wasan kankara yayin da take zaune a Kanada. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hallemann |first=Caroline |last2=Dangremond |first2=Sam |date=June 25, 2019 |title=Here's What You Need to Know About Ivana Trump, Donald's First Wife |url=https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/politics/news/g2605/donald-trump-first-wife-ivana-trump/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200825055245/https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/politics/news/g2605/donald-trump-first-wife-ivana-trump/ |archive-date=August 25, 2020 |access-date=August 23, 2020 |website=[[Town &amp; Country (magazine)|Town &amp; Country]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta zauna a [[Montréal|Montreal]] na tsawon shekaru biyu inda ta ci gaba da inganta Turancinta ta hanyar darussan dare a [[Jami'ar McGill]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;Gross&quot; /&gt; Tana aiki a matsayin mai tallan kayan kawa, Ivana ta shaida wa ''Montreal Gazette'' a shekarar 1975 cewa ta ɗauki yin kayan kawa a matsayin aiki, maimakon aiki.  Abokan cinikinta na yin tallan kayan kwalliya sun haɗa da shagon Eaton da mai tsara kayan kwalliya Auckie Sanft, tare da ayyukan tallatawa na gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1976 a Montreal. &lt;ref name=&quot;Gross&quot; /&gt;

== Aure da Donald Trump ==
[[Fayil:State Visit of King Fahd of Saudi Arabia State Dinner Receiving Line with Ivana Trump and Donald Trump in East Room - DPLA - 1a44d05819eab8ba3dcf7a6883ad92ba.jpg|thumb|Ivana da Donald Trump sun karɓi liyafar cin abincin dare ga Sarki [[Fahd na Saudi Arabia|Fahd na Saudiyya]] a shekarar 1985, tare da shugaban Amurka Ronald Reagan da uwargidansa Nancy Reagan.]]
Ivana tana [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]] tare da wasu mutane a shekarar 1976 lokacin da ta haɗu da Donald Trump.  A ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 1977, ma'auratan sun yi aure a Cocin Marble Collegiate a wani daurin aure inda Norman Vincent Peale ya jagoranci bikin. {{Sfn|Barrett|2016}} {{Sfn|Blair|2015}}  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Marie Zelníčková (born Francová) |url=https://www.myheritage.com/names/marie_zeln%C3%AD%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801212809/https://www.myheritage.com/names/marie_zeln%C3%AD%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1 |archive-date=August 1, 2020 |access-date=June 1, 2019 |website=myheritage.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Sun zama fitattun mutane a cikin al'ummar New York a shekarun 1980 kuma sun yi aiki tare a kan manyan ayyuka da dama, ciki har da Trump Tower a Fifth Avenue a Manhattan, gyaran Grand Hyatt Hotel a birnin New York, da kuma gina Trump Taj Mahal Casino Resort a Atlantic City, New Jersey .  
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2022]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1949]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zahara Monique Bassett</title>
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'''Zahara Monique Bassett''' ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugabar Kamfanin Life Is Work. Life is Work wata hukuma ce ta kula da jin dadin jama'a a Yammacin Chicago .  Haka kuma ita ce &quot;mai fafutukar hangen nesa da aka san ta a ƙasa kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na transgender, adalci na zamantakewa, daidaito a fannin lafiya, da daidaiton LGBT.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;HoF&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Zahara Monique Bassett |url=https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ |access-date=29 March 2023 |website=Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame |archive-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328235353/https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
Bassett ta girma a unguwar Garfield Park da ke Chicago . Tana tafiya zuwa Arewacin Chicago saboda dalilai daban-daban. A matsayinta na baƙar fata, mace mai canza jinsi, ta ji cewa unguwarsu ba ta da albarkatun da ke nuna jinsi.  &lt;ref&gt;name=&quot;HoF&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Zahara Monique Bassett |url=https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ |access-date=29 March 2023 |website=Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame |archive-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328235353/https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ &quot;Zahara Monique Bassett&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251008162147/https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ |date=2025-10-08 }}. ''Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;29 March&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ita ce ta huɗu cikin yara shida, an kore ta daga gidanta lokacin da take da shekaru 15 saboda ta riga ta gane cewa ita ce transgender tsawon shekaru kaɗan. Wani lokacin rashin matsuguni, sau da yawa tana yin jima'i tsawon shekaru 13. 

== Sana'a ==
Kwarewar da ta samu wajen neman albarkatu a cikin al'ummarta ya sa ta gano Life is Work a shekarar 2015 don yi wa abokan ciniki hidima ta hanyar samar da hanyoyin kula da shari'o'i, bayar da shawarwari da kuma fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a. A shekarar 2021, ta shiga Gidauniyar AIDS ta Chicago 's Learning Centre Collaborative kuma Gwamna JB Pritzker ya naɗa ta a cikin Hukumar Kula da Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam. &lt;ref&gt;name=&quot;HoF&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Zahara Monique Bassett |url=https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ |access-date=29 March 2023 |website=Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame |archive-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328235353/https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ &quot;Zahara Monique Bassett&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251008162147/https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ |date=2025-10-08 }}. ''Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;29 March&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ganewa ==
An shigar da Bassett cikin Zauren Shahararrun LGBT na Chicago a shekarar 2022. 

Gidauniyar Chicago for Women ta ba ta kyautar The Impact Award . &lt;ref&gt;name=&quot;HoF&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Zahara Monique Bassett |url=https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ |access-date=29 March 2023 |website=Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame |archive-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328235353/https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ &quot;Zahara Monique Bassett&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251008162147/https://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/bassett-zahara/ |date=2025-10-08 }}. ''Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;29 March&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ta sami kyautar Román Buenrostro Legacy Award a shekarar 2023.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abdul Jabbar (mai fafutuka)</title>
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'''Abdul Jabbar''' (11 October 1919 – 21 February 1952) was a Bengali protester who was killed during the Bengali language movement in 1952 that took place in what was then East Pakistan. He is considered a martyr in [[Bangladesh]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ds11Feb2008&quot; /&gt;

== Tarihi ==
An haifi Abdul Jabbar a ranar 11 ga Octoban shekarar 1919 a Pachua a ƙarƙashin Gaffargaon, Mymensingh, Gabashin Bengal, British Raj . Kodayake ya sami ilimin firamare a makarantar sakandare ta yankin da ake kira pathsala (Dhopaghat Krishtobazar Primary School), ya kasa ci gaba da karatunsa saboda talauci.

== Ayyuka ==
Abdul Jabbar yana aiki tare da mahaifinsa yana noma a ƙauyensu. Ya yanke shawarar tafiya zuwa garin [[Narayanganj]] mai tashar jiragen ruwa a Burma ta hanyar jirgin ƙasa. Ya sami aiki a Burma ta hannun wani Baturen Ingila da ya haɗu da shi a Narayanganj. Ya yi aiki a can tsawon shekaru 12 kafin ya koma Burma.  An ɗauke shi aiki a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Indiya ta Birtaniya a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu amma an sallame shi bayan ya ji rauni a lokacin horo.  A lokacin yana aiki a matsayin mai dinki.  Ya zo Dhaka, Gabashin Pakistan a 1952 tare da matarsa don yi wa surukarsa magani a Asibitin Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Dhaka. &lt;ref name=&quot;bpedia2&quot; /&gt; A 1949, ya shiga [[Bangladesh Ansar|Ansar Bangladesh]], rundunar sojoji ta [[Bangladesh]] (wadda a wancan lokacin ake [[East Pakistan|kira Gabashin Pakistan]] ). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-02-21 |script-title=bn:ভাষা শহীদ আনসার প্লাটুন কমান্ডার আব্দুল জব্বারের প্রতি আনসার ও গ্রাম প্রতিরক্ষা বাহিনীর পক্ষ হতে বিনম্র শ্রদ্ধা |url=https://chetona24news.com/3178/?fbclid=IwY2xjawKW6FBleHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHvBsaFwk8GJtsh33nOCkAhq6V3kXhMMxqqK-1oOVO3ZnqCvzBg6YQXUgKkpE_aem_Yh-FN_0UbrUGmp2JNsgntQ |access-date=2025-05-18 |website=চেতনা ২৪ নিউজ |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250818055356/https://chetona24news.com/3178/?fbclid=IwY2xjawKW6FBleHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHvBsaFwk8GJtsh33nOCkAhq6V3kXhMMxqqK-1oOVO3ZnqCvzBg6YQXUgKkpE_aem_Yh-FN_0UbrUGmp2JNsgntQ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
A shekara ta 1949, Abdul Jabbar ya auri Amina Khatun, ɗaya daga cikin 'yar'uwar abokansa kuma ya zauna. Shekara daya da rabi bayan auren, Amina ta haifi jariri, wanda ake kira Nurul Islam Badol. 

== Manazarta ==
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1919]]</text>
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    <title>Abin dariya Burton</title>
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'''Hilarie Ros Burton''' (an haife ta a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1982), wacce aka fi sani da '''Hilarie Burton Morgan''', 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka. Tsohuwar mai gabatar da shirin MTV na ''Total Request Live'', ta fito a matsayin Peyton Sawyer a shirin The WB / The CW ''One Tree Hill'' na tsawon shekaru shida (2003–2009). Burton ta fito a cikin shirin Post ''One Tree Hill'', ''Our Very Own'', ''Solstice'', da ''The List'' . Ta kuma yi rawar gani ko kuma ta sake fitowa a cikin shirin talabijin, ciki har da rawar da ta taka a matsayin Sara Ellis a shirin ''White Collar'' (2010–2013), Dr. Lauren Boswell a shirin [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] na likitanci ''Grey's Anatomy'' (2013), Molly Dawes a shirin [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] na ''Forever'' (2014), da kuma Karen Palmer a shirin talabijin [[Fox Broadcasting Company|na Fox]] ''Lethal Weapon'' (2016). Burton ta kasance mai gabatar da shirin ''Drama Queens'' tare da tsoffin jaruman ''One Tree Hill'', Sophia Bush da Bethany Joy Lenz har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2024.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Hilarie Ros Burton  a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1982, &lt;ref name=&quot;birthday&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 2, 2020 |title=Chad Michael Murray's Birthday Message to Hilarie Burton Will Delight One Tree Hill Fans |url=https://www.eonline.com/news/1167110/chad-michael-murray-s-birthday-message-to-hilarie-burton-will-delight-one-tree-hill-fans}}&lt;/ref&gt; a Sterling, Virginia, Amurka. Mahaifinta, James William &quot;Bill&quot; Burton (an haife shi a 1947), tsohon soja ne na rundunar sojin Amurka, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=DeHority |first=Sam |date=March 29, 2013 |title=Are You Man Enough for Hilarie Burton? |url=http://www.mensfitness.com/women/dating-advice/are-you-man-enough-for-hilarie-burton |access-date=August 5, 2013 |website=[[Men's Fitness]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma mahaifiyarta, Lisa &lt;ref name=&quot;TVGuide.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hilarie Burton: Biography |url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/hilarie-burton/bio/3000382837/ |access-date=February 9, 2024 |website=[[TV Guide]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kay ( née Blankers ; an haife ta a shekarar 1960), dillalin gidaje ne &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ingram |first=Hunter |date=March 28, 2015 |title=Hilarie Burton, Stephen Colletti reminisce about 'One Tree Hill' during adorable Q&amp;A |url=http://wilmonfilm.blogs.starnewsonline.com/17065/hilarie-burton-stephen-colletti-reminisce-about-one-tree-hill-during-adorable-qa/?tc=ar |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222153917/http://wilmonfilm.blogs.starnewsonline.com/17065/hilarie-burton-stephen-colletti-reminisce-about-one-tree-hill-during-adorable-qa/?tc=ar |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |access-date=August 5, 2015 |website=[[Starnewsonline.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; daga zuriyar Holland  wanda asalinsa daga [[Minnesota]] ne. Ma'auratan sun yi aure a shekarar 1981.  Burton ita ce babba cikin 'ya'ya huɗu, tare da 'yan'uwa maza uku. A shekarar 2000, Burton ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Park View, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |title=Hilarie Burton Says She Owes Career, From 'TRL' To 'One Tree Hill,' To 'Fairy Godfather' Carson Daly |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1599520/hilarie-burton-says-she-owes-career-from-trl-to-one-tree-hill-to-fairy-godfather-carson-daly/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807205051/http://www.mtv.com/news/1599520/hilarie-burton-says-she-owes-career-from-trl-to-one-tree-hill-to-fairy-godfather-carson-daly/ |archive-date=August 7, 2016 |website=MTV News}}&lt;/ref&gt; inda ta kasance ma'ajin ɗaliban majalisar a shekararta ta biyu,  mataimakiyar shugabar makarantar sakandare,  kuma kyaftin na ƙungiyar masu ba da shawara, shugaban majalisar ɗalibai,  da kuma sarauniyar dawowa gida a shekararta ta ƙarshe.  Ta halarci Jami'ar New York da Jami'ar Fordham, inda ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 2004. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Scott, Erika |date=March 1, 2002 |title=THE STUDENT VOICE OF FORDHAM COLLEGE AT LINCOLN CENTER |url=https://www.library.fordham.edu/digital/item/collection/OBVR/id/4567 |journal=[[The Fordham Observer]] |volume=XX |issue=10}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Halayyar kafofin watsa labarai ===
Babban hutun Burton na farko ya zo ne lokacin da take aiki a matsayin VJ a shirin MTV na ''Total Request Live (TRL)'' . An yi tsammanin za ta zama baƙo mai sharhi a wani sashe, amma furodusoshi sun yanke shawarar ba ta aiki na dindindin. Burton ta ci gaba da gabatarwa a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan MTV Video Music Awards na 2000 da kuma ''bikin Iced Out na sabuwar shekara'' ta MTV. Burton ta ci gaba da nuna kanta a shirin wasan kwaikwayo na The WB ''Dawson's Creek'' a shekara ta 2002, wanda ya nuna farkon fim ɗinta na talabijin.

A watan Oktoban 2017, lokacin da labarin shari'o'in cin zarafin mata na Harvey Weinstein ya bazu, Burton [[Twitter|ya sake wallafa]] wani bidiyo na ''TRL Uncensored'' a shekarar 2003, inda [[Ben Affleck]] ya matse nononta a iska. Wannan martani ne ga wani sakon Twitter da magoya baya suka wallafa wanda ya yi ba'a, &quot;[Affleck] ya kuma kama nonon Hilarie Burton-Morgan a TRL sau daya. Duk da haka, kowa ya manta.&quot; Burton ya amsa, &quot;Ban manta ba [game da shi] ... Ni yaro ne.&quot; Affleck, wacce ta yi suka ga Weinstein a bainar jama'a, daga baya ta mayar da martani a shafin Twitter don neman afuwa ga Burton.  Lokacin da aka tambaye ta game da lamarin wata guda bayan haka a ''shirin The Late Show tare da Stephen Colbert'', Affleck ya ce, &quot;Ban tuna ba, amma ina neman afuwa gaba daya. Tabbas ban yi tsammanin tana karya ko karya ba.&quot; 

A shekarar 2021, Burton ta fara wani shirin rediyo mai suna Drama Queens tare da abokan aikinta na One Tree Hill, Sophia Bush da Bethany Joy Lenz .

=== Fim da kuma shirya fina-finai ===
[[Fayil:Hilarie_Burton_Gitmo.jpg|thumb|453x453px|Hilarie Burton a watan Yunin 2008]]
An fito da Burton a cikin shirin wasan kwaikwayo na The WB ''One Tree Hill'' a matsayin Peyton Sawyer, wata mai fasaha mai zaman kanta ta gani da kiɗa da kuma mai shela, a watan Afrilun 2003. An fara shirin a ranar 23 ga Satumba, 2003, kuma ya zama babban shirin cibiyar sadarwa na shekara. An dauki rawar da Burton ta taka a matsayin rawar da ta fi fice kuma ita ce wacce aka fi sani da ita har zuwa yau. Saboda rawar da ta taka a cikin shirin, an nuna Burton a murfin ''Maxim'', ''American Cheerleader Magazine'' da ''People'' . Wasan kwaikwayonta ya sami yabo mai zafi kuma ta sami nadin Teen Choice Award sau uku. A watan Mayun 2009, The CW ta sanar da cewa Burton ba za ta dawo a kakar wasa ta bakwai ta shirin ba bisa ga shawararta ta kin dawowa, sabanin jita-jitar da ta bari saboda matsalolin albashi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Breaking: Two Stars Exit One Tree Hill |url=http://www.tvguide.com/News/Murray-Burton-exit-1006006.aspx |access-date=May 12, 2009 |publisher=TVGuide.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

One Tree Hill ya ƙara wa Burton martaba a bainar jama'a. A watan Mayun 2007, an sanya ta a matsayi na #77 a cikin jerin &quot;Zuciya 100 na Jerin 2007&quot; ' Maxim . Ta kuma bayyana a shafin mujallar Maxim na Nuwamba 2006 tare da jaruman One Tree Hill Sophia Bush da Danneel Harris . A shekarun baya, Burton ta kasance ta biyu a cikin jerin ' Mata 50 Mafi Kyau a 2005&quot;, da kuma ta goma sha biyu a cikin jerin &quot;Mata 20 Mafi Kyau a 2003&quot; na Much Music .

Duk da cewa har yanzu tana cikin jaruman ''One Tree Hill'', Burton ta fara fitowa a fim dinta na farko tare da Allison Janney da Cheryl Hines a cikin wani fim mai kyau da aka yi wa bita a shekarar 2005 mai suna ''Our Very Own'' wanda ya mayar da hankali kan matasa biyar na ƙananan gari waɗanda ke mafarkin rayuwa mafi kyau. Burton da abokan aikinta sun sami kyautar &quot;Outstanding Ensemble Acting&quot; a bikin fina-finai na Sarasota mai daraja. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hilarie Burton cast bio on The WB |url=http://www.cwtv.com/shows/one-tree-hill/cast/hilarie-burton |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012233729/http://www.cwtv.com/shows/one-tree-hill/cast/hilarie-burton |archive-date=October 12, 2007 |access-date=August 7, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Burton ta fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Lifetime na 2007 ''Normal Adolescent Behavior'' wanda ya biyo bayan ƙungiyar abokai waɗanda ke cikin dangantaka mai ƙarfi da aminci. A wannan shekarar, Burton ta yi tare a cikin fim ɗin ban tsoro ''na Solstice'' tare da [[Amanda Seyfried]] da Elisabeth Harnois . Burton ta kuma ƙirƙiri kamfanin shirya fina-finai nata, Southern Gothic Production (SoGoPro) a shekarar 2007, tare da Nick Gray, Kelly Tenney, James Burton, da Meg Mortimer. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Southern Gothic Productions: Who is Southern Gothic Productions? |url=http://southerngothicprod.com/aboutus.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090428112358/http://www.southerngothicprod.com/aboutus.htm |archive-date=April 28, 2009 |access-date=May 30, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;sogopro.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Southern Gothic Productions – Home Page |url=http://sogopro.com/ |access-date=January 22, 2014 |publisher=Sogopro.com }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Blogger |url=https://southerngothicproductions.blogspot.com/ |access-date=January 22, 2014 |publisher=Southerngothicproductions.blogspot.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 2008, Burton ta fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Fox Searchlight Pictures mai suna ''The Secret Life of Bees'', a matsayin mahaifiyar Dakota Fanning da ta rasu, da kuma fim mai suna The List mai suna ''The List'' . An sake fitar da Burton a fim ɗin ''Bloodworth'' tare da [[Hilary Duff]] da Val Kilmer, wani sabon shiri na littafin ''Provinces of Night'' na William Gay . Fim ɗin ya fara fitowa ne bayan fitowarta daga One Tree Hill, a bikin fina-finai na duniya na Santa Barbara na 2010, amma ta sami kuɗi kaɗan. Burton ta lashe kambun wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka Network mai ''suna White Collar'' a shekara ta 2010 a matsayin Sara Ellis, mai binciken inshora a kakar wasa ta biyu. An inganta ta zuwa jerin shirye-shiryen da suka dace a shekara ta 2011 a kakar wasa ta uku, amma ta koma ga jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo masu maimaitawa a kakar wasa ta huɗu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=White Collar Promotes Hilarie Burton to Series Regular |url=http://www.tvguide.com/News/White-Collar-Burton-1029011.aspx |access-date=February 9, 2011 |publisher=TVGuide.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2012 ta ga Burton ta fito a matsayin baƙo a cikin shirin wasan kwaikwayo na 'yan sanda [[American Broadcasting Company|na ABC]] &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mw5A&quot;&gt;Castle&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (kashi na 4, kashi na 13) a matsayin tauraruwar talabijin ta gaskiya wacce ake zargi da kisan kai.  Na gaba kuma sai ga wani rawar da ya sake takawa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na likitanci na ABC ''mai suna Grey's Anatomy'' a cikin shirye-shirye uku na ƙarshe na kakar wasa ta tara ta 2013, a matsayin Dr. Lauren Boswell. A wannan kaka, Burton ta taka rawar da ta sake takawa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo [[CBS|na CBS]] mai ɗan gajeren lokaci mai suna ''Hostages'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hostages/IMDB |url=https://pro-labs.imdb.com/title/tt3096660/ |access-date=March 14, 2014 |publisher=IMDB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Burton ta sake haɗuwa da abokin wasan ''One Tree Hill'' Tyler Hilton don rawar da ta sake takawa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na CBS na kimiyya ''mai suna Extant'' a cikin 2015. Burton ya bayyana a matsayin wakilin DEA na babban jarumi Martin Riggs akan ''Lethal Weapon'' daga kashi na bakwai na kakar wasa ta farko a cikin 2016 har zuwa kashi na uku na kakar wasa ta biyu a cikin 2017.

A watan Nuwamba na 2017, Burton ya yi magana dangane da zargin da ake yi wa Mark Schwahn, wanda ya kafa ''One Tree Hill'', ya yi lalata da wasu daga cikin mata, yana zargin cewa Schwahn ma ta yi lalata da ita. 

Burton ta fito a matsayin bakuwar jaruma a kakar wasa ta goma ta &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwAQI&quot;&gt;The Walking Dead&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; a matsayin matar Negan Lucille, inda ta fito tare da mijinta na gaske Jeffrey Dean Morgan wanda ke taka rawar Negan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Brandon |date=November 3, 2020 |title=The Walking Dead: Hilarie Burton Cast As Negan's Wife Lucille (Exclusive) |url=https://comicbook.com/thewalkingdead/news/the-walking-dead-hilarie-burton-negan-lucille-cast/ |access-date=November 3, 2020 |website=Comicbook.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga 2021 zuwa 2024, Burton ta kasance mai gabatar da shirin talabijin ''na Drama Queens'' tare da abokan aikinta na ''One Tree Hill'', Sophia Bush da Bethany Joy Lenz . Ta bar shirin bayan kammala mayar da martani ga shirye-shiryen da ta fito a ciki, wanda hakan ya sa &lt;nowiki&gt;ta&lt;/nowiki&gt; yi tambaya game da abin da ta kawo [a shirin]&quot;. Robert Buckley ne ya maye gurbinta a matsayin mai masaukin baki, wanda ya fito a kakar wasa ta 7-9 ta ''One Tree Hill'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tinoco |first=Armando |date=2024-07-08 |title=Hilarie Burton Steps Back From ‘One Tree Hill’ Rewatch Podcast ‘Drama Queens’; Robert Buckley Set To Join Sophia Bush &amp; Bethany Joy Lenz |url=https://deadline.com/2024/07/hilarie-burton-one-tree-hill-rewatch-podcast-drama-queens-robert-buckley-1236004014/ |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rubutu ===
A ranar 5 ga Mayu, 2020, Burton ta buga littafinta na farko wanda ba na almara ba, ''The Rural Diaries: Love, Livestock, and Big Life Lessons Down on Mischief Farm'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 5, 2020 |title=Hilarie Burton Talks One Tree Hill Horrors, Jeffrey Dean Morgan Romance and More in New Book |url=https://www.eonline.com/news/1148196/hilarie-burton-talks-one-tree-hill-horrors-jeffrey-dean-morgan-romance-and-more-in-new-book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ta buga littafin tarihin rayuwarta, ''Grimoire Girl: A Memoir of Magic and Mischief'', a ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 2023. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2023 |title=Hilarie Burton Morgan on Building a Better Life Through 'Magic and Mischief' |url=https://people.com/hilarie-burton-morgan-s-new-book-on-magic-and-mischief-7507010}} &lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
[[Fayil:US_Navy_081206-N-3346C-012_Chief_Master-at-Arms_Michael_Minotto_explains_the_functions_of_the_M4_Battle_Rifle_to_actress_Hilarie_Burton.jpg|right|thumb|200x200px|Burton tana riƙe da bindiga kirar M4 yayin ziyarar da ta kai Amurka]]
A lokacin da take kan ''One Tree Hill'', Burton ta zauna a Wilmington, wani birni mai tashar jiragen ruwa a gundumar New Hanover, North Carolina, inda aka ɗauki hoton shirin. &lt;ref name=&quot;TVGuide.com&quot;/&gt; Ta fara soyayya da Jeffrey Dean Morgan a shekarar 2009, bayan Jensen da Danneel Ackles sun gabatar da ita. An haifi ɗanta na farko na ma'auratan, ɗa, a watan Maris na 2010, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jeffrey Dean Morgan and Hilarie Burton Talk Baby Son Gus, Parenthood: It's Been Spectacular |url=http://uk.eonline.com/news/275265/jeffrey-dean-morgan-and-hilarie-burton-talk-baby-son-gus-parenthood-it-s-been-spectacular |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120715205633/http://uk.eonline.com/news/275265/jeffrey-dean-morgan-and-hilarie-burton-talk-baby-son-gus-parenthood-it-s-been-spectacular |archive-date=2012-07-15}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma an haifi ɗanta na biyu, 'ya mace, a watan Fabrairu na 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hilarie Burton Morgan (@hilarieburton) on Instagram {{!}} Ghostarchive |url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/hilarieburton/1729227337700321975 |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=ghostarchive.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan suna zaune a [[Los Angeles]], California, ma'auratan sun ƙaura zuwa Hudson Valley, New York, bayan haihuwar ɗansu.  A shekarar 2014, Burton da Morgan sun sayi Samuel's Sweet Shop a ƙauyen Rhinebeck a gundumar Dutchess  tare da Paul da Julie Rudd da furodusa Andy Ostroy.  A shekarar 2018, Burton da Morgan sun sayi {{Convert|100|acre|m2}}   [[wiktionary:working farm|gonar aiki]], wadda suka sanya wa suna Mischief Farm.  Ma'auratan sun yi aure a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 2019, a wani bikin da Jensen Ackles ya jagoranta. 

Burton ta bayyana gaskiya a [[Dandalin Sada Zumunta|shafukan sada zumunta]] game da wahalar da ma'auratan ke sha wajen ɗaukar ciki, tana mai cewa sai da aka ɗauki shekaru biyar kafin a samu nasarar ɗaukar jariri na biyu kafin a haife shi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mandell |first=Andrea |title=Hilarie Burton, Jeffrey Dean Morgan welcome 'miracle baby' in honest post about fertility |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/entertainthis/2018/03/06/hilarie-burton-jeffrey-dean-morgan-welcome-miracle-baby-honest-post-fertility/401730002/ |access-date=July 4, 2020 |website=USA TODAY}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya, ta yi magana a bainar jama'a don goyon bayan [[Ƙungiyoyin haƙƙin zubar da ciki|haƙƙin zubar da ciki]] bayan hukuncin [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun Ƙoli]] kan ''Dobbs da Jackson Women's Health Organization'' wanda ya soke ''Roe da Wade'', tana mai cewa: &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Wang |first=Jessica |date=June 29, 2022 |title=Hilarie Burton shares powerful story of having abortion after pregnancy loss |url=https://ew.com/celebrity/hilarie-burton-abortion-experience-roe-v-wade-reversal/ |access-date=2023-07-19 |website=EW.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Wannan ita ce ɗiyata. Ƙaunatacciya. 'Yata. Ba wani sirri ba ne da na yi fama da rashin haihuwa. Rashin ɗaukar ciki da yawa kafin ta kasance abin tausayi. Amma jikin mata duk ya bambanta kuma ba a iya faɗi ba. Zubar da ciki bayan da tayin ya mutu ya ba mahaifata damar warkewa ta hanyar da ta sa ta zama lafiya don ɗaukar ciki a nan gaba. Ko kun yi amfani da kalmar D&amp;amp;amp;C . Kalmar da aka rubuta a hukumance a kan takardun asibiti ita ce zubar da ciki. Wannan shine abin da ya kasance.&lt;/blockquote&gt;Burton tana da iyali a Wilmington. Tsawon shekaru, ta kasance mai fafutukar kare al'ummar Wilmington, kuma mafi kyawun misali na hakan shine aikinta na tallata da tara kuɗi don fim ɗin ''Wilmington on Fire'', game da kisan kiyashin Wilmington na 1898. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='One Tree Hill's' Hilarie Burton Morgan committed to fighting for Wilmington community |url=https://www.starnewsonline.com/story/special/2020/06/26/rsquoone-tree-hillrsquosrsquo-hilarie-burton-morgan-committed-to-fighting-for-wilmington-community/42229813/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundin Waƙoƙi ==

=== Waƙar Sauti ===

* ''Haɗaɗɗen Hanya: Kiɗa daga Shirin Talabijin na One Tree Hill, Juzu'i na 3'' (2007)

== Fim ɗin fim ==

=== Fim ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Shekara
! Lakabi
! Matsayin
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Bayanan kula
|-
| 2005
| ''Namu Sosai''
| Bobbie Chester
| Fim ɗin farko da aka fara yi
|-
| 2007
| ''Jerin''
| Jo Johnston
|
|-
| 2007
| ''Halayyar Matasa ta Al'ada''
| Ryan
|
|-
| 2008
| ''Solstice''
| Alicia
|
|-
| 2008
| ''Sirrin Rayuwar Kudan zuma''
| Deborah Owens
|
|-
| 2009
| ''Labarin Soyayya ta Gaske game da Saurayi &amp; Budurwa''
| Saurayi
| Gajeren fim; kuma furodusa, daraktan fasaha da kuma mai tsara kayan sawa
|-
| 2010
| ''Bloodworth''
| Hazel
|
|-
| 2014
| ''Kare Mai Ido Baƙi''
|
|
|-
| 2017
| ''Girma Smith''
| Nancy Brunner
|
|-
| 2020
| ''618 zuwa Omaha''
| Mrs. Jenkins
| Gajeren fim
|}

=== Talabijin ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Year
!Title
!Role
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Notes
|-
|2000–2008
|''Total Request Live''
|Herself
|Co-host
|-
|2001
|''Becoming Presents: Wannabe''
|Herself
|Correspondent, select episodes
|-
|2002
|''Dawson's Creek''
|VJ Hilarie
|Episode: &quot;100 Light Years from Home&quot;
|-
|2003–2009
|''One Tree Hill''
|Peyton Sawyer
|Main role; 130 episodes {{Small|(Seasons 1–6)}}
|-
|2003
|''MTV's Iced Out New Year's Eve''
|Herself
|Host
|-
|2003
|''MTV Does Miami''
|Herself
|Co-host
|-
|2003
|''MTV Diary''
|Herself
|Alongside ''One Tree Hill'' cast
|-
|2003
|''The Real World: Las Vegas''
|Herself
|Reunion Host: ''7 The Hard Way''
|-
|2003
|''Pepsi Smash''
|Herself
|Host
|-
|2005
|''Unscripted''
|Herself
|Episode #1.5
|-
|2008
|''Little Britain USA''
|Lesbian College Student
|Episode #1.6
|-
|2010–2013
|''White Collar''
|Sara Ellis
|22 episodes; Main role {{Small|(Season 3)}}; Recurring role {{Small|(Seasons 2 and 4)}}
|-
|2012
|''Castle''
|Kay Cappuccio
|Episode: &quot;An Embarrassment of Bitches&quot;
|-
|2012
|''Naughty or Nice''
|Krissy Kringle
|Television film
|-
|2013
|''Grey's Anatomy''
|Dr. Lauren Boswell
|Recurring role; 3 episodes
|-
|2013
|''Hostages''
|Samantha
|Recurring role; 4 episodes
|-
|2013
|''Christmas on the Bayou''
|Katherine &quot;Kat&quot;
|Television film
|-
|2014–2015
|''Forever''
|Iona Payne / Molly Dawes
|Guest role; 2 episodes
|-
|2015
|''Surprised by Love''
|Josie Mayfield
|Television film
|-
|2015
|''Extant''
|Anna Schaefer
|Recurring role; 6 episodes
|-
|2015
|''Last Chance for Christmas''
|Annie
|Television film
|-
|2016
|''Togetherness''
|Kennedy
|Episode: &quot;Advanced Pretend&quot;
|-
|2016
|''Summer Villa''
|Terry Russell
|Television film
|-
|2016–2017
|''Lethal Weapon''
|Karen Palmer
|Recurring role; 6 episodes
|-
|2018
|''The Christmas Contract''
|Jolie Guidry
|Television film; also co-producer
|-
|2019
|''A Christmas Wish''
|Faith
|Television film; also producer
|-
|2020
|''Friday Night in with the Morgans''
|Herself
|Co-host, also executive producer; 7 episodes
|-
|2020
|''Council of Dads''
|Margot
|Recurring role; 6 episodes
|-
|2020
|''Dear Christmas''
|Cameo
|Television film
|-
|2021
|''The Walking Dead''
|Lucille
|Episode: &quot;Here's Negan&quot;
|- 
|2021–2026
|''True Crime Story: It Couldn't Happen Here''
|Herself
|Host; crime documentary series, 17 episodes; also executive producer
|-
|2022
|''Good Sam''
|Gretchen Taylor
|Episode: &quot;Keep Talking&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cordero |first=Rosy |date=January 20, 2022 |title='Good Sam' Reunites 'One Tree Hill' Stars Sophia Bush, Hilarie Burton, &amp; Bethany Joy Lenz |url=https://deadline.com/2022/01/sophia-bush-one-tree-hill-reunion-hilarie-burton-bethany-joy-lenz-good-sam-1234916632/ |access-date=January 20, 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2025
|''The Walking Dead: Dead City''
|Lucille
|Episode: &quot;Novi Dan, Novi Početak&quot;
|}

=== Bidiyon kiɗa ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Shekara
! Lakabi
! Mai zane
! Matsayin
|-
| 2005
| &quot; Takardar Haɗaɗɗiyar Tef &quot;
| Mannequin na Jack
| Peyton Sawyer
|}

=== Littafin Sauti ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Shekara
! Lakabi
! Matsayin
|-
| 2020
| ''Littafin Tarihin Karkara: Soyayya, Dabbobi, da Darussa Masu Muhimmanci a Kan Gonar Mischief''
| Mai ba da labari
|-
| 2023
| ''Yarinyar Grimoire: Tunawa da Sihiri da Barna''
| Mai ba da labari
|}

=== Podcast ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Shekara
! Lakabi
! Matsayin
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Bayanan kula
|-
| 2021–2024
| ''Sarakunan Wasan Kwaikwayo''
| Kanta
| Mai masaukin baki; shirye-shirye 212
|-
| 2021
| ''Bridgewater''
| Shelley Hoskins
| Shirye-shirye 3
|}

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Shekara
! Ƙungiyar
! Nau'i
! Aiki
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2004
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Kyaututtukan Zaɓin Matasa
| Tauraron TV na Zabi – Mace
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | ''Tudun Bishiya Ɗaya''| {{Nom}}
|-
| Zaɓaɓɓiyar Jarumar Talabijin: Wasan Kwaikwayo/Aiki/Kasada| {{Nom}}
|-
| 2005
| Zaɓaɓɓen Jarumar Talabijin: Wasan Kwaikwayo| {{Nom}} 
|-
| 2006
| Bikin Fina-finai na Sarasota
| Fitaccen ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙungiyar
| ''Namu Sosai''| {{Won}} 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2008
| Kyaututtukan Zaɓin Matasa
| Zaɓaɓɓen Jarumar Talabijin: Wasan Kwaikwayo
| ''Tudun Bishiya Ɗaya''| {{Nom}}
|-
| Kyaututtukan Fina-finan Hollywood
| Fim ɗin Tawagar Shekara &lt;small&gt;(An Raba tare da 'Yan Wasan Kwaikwayo)&lt;/small&gt;
| ''Sirrin Rayuwar Kudan zuma''| {{Won}}
|}

== Littattafan tarihi ==

* ''Littafin Tarihin Karkara: Soyayya, Dabbobi, da Darussa Masu Muhimmanci a Kan Gonar Mischief'' (2020)
* ''Yarinya Grimoire: Tunawa da Sihiri da Barna'' (2023)

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>f9hj5ad3ny1hxrew1wh2x3wu5wcw619</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>A. Oveta Fuller</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:06:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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      <text bytes="15795" sha1="ebhy3i0gi8922ymfelidlkz84no717u" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}

'''Almyra Oveta Fuller''' (Agusta 31, 1955 - Nuwamba 18, 2022) farfesa ce ta farko a fannin [[Ilimin halittu|ilimin ƙwayoyin cuta]] da kuma ilimin rigakafi a Makarantar Likitanci ta Jami'ar Michigan . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Oveta Fuller, November, 18, 2022 |url=https://medicine.umich.edu/dept/microbiology-immunology/news/archive/202211/dr-oveta-fuller-november-18-2022 |access-date=2021-11-21 |website=University of Michigan |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi aiki a matsayin darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka (ASC), malami a Shirin ASC STEM a Jami'ar Michigan (UM) da kuma farfesa mai taimako a Makarantar Nazarin Tauhidi ta Payne . Fuller ƙwararriyar masaniyar ƙwayoyin cuta ce kuma ƙwararriya ce a fannin bincike kan ƙwayar cutar Herpes simplex, da kuma [[Kanjamau|HIV/AIDS]] . Ta yi ƙoƙari sosai don kawar da tatsuniyoyi game da cutar HIV da COVID-19.  Fuller da ƙungiyar bincikenta sun gano wani mai karɓar B5, &lt;ref&gt; name=&quot;Perez et all 2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Perez |first=A |last2=Li |first2=QX |last3=Perez-Romero |first3=P |last4=Delassus |first4=G |last5=Lopez |first5=SR |last6=Sutter |first6=S |last7=McLaren |first7=N |last8=Fuller |first8=AO |date=June 2005 |title=A new class of receptor for herpes simplex virus has heptad repeat motifs that are common to membrane fusion proteins. |journal=Journal of Virology |volume=79 |issue=12 |pages=7419–30 |doi=10.1128/jvi.79.12.7419-7430.2005 |pmc=1143644 |pmid=15919898}}&lt;/ref&gt; suna haɓaka fahimtar ƙwayar cutar Herpes simplex da ƙwayoyin da take kai hari.

== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Fuller a ranar 31 ga Agusta, 1955, a Mebane, North Carolina . Deborah Woods Fuller, mahaifiyarta malami ce kuma mahaifinta Herbert R. Fuller ne ke kula da gonar iyali.  Fuller ta girma kusa da Yanceyville, North Carolina . &lt;ref&gt; name=&quot;Kessler&quot; &lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Prominent Virologist and AME itinerant elder Dr. A. Oveta Fuller dies at age 67 |url=https://www.caswellmessenger.com/news/article_aad50b60-d3bf-11ed-bde9-3328c2e42da2.html |access-date=April 16, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun tana ƙarama, ilimin halittu ya burge ta tun tana ƙarama. Ta yi mamakin yadda kakarta ta warke da sauri daga cizon moccasin na ruwa bayan ta sha maganin hana ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda maganin gubar maciji ne. Duk da cewa cizon macijin kakarta ya taimaka mata wajen yaba wa ilimin halittu, akwai kuma malaman ilmin halittu guda biyu, Ms. Elam da Mr. Majette waɗanda suka ba ta kwarin gwiwa. &lt;ref&gt; name=&quot;Kessler&quot; &lt;/ref&gt; Duk da cewa mai ba ta shawara ya gaya mata cewa ba za ta yi nasara ba, ta dage ta halarci makarantar da ta fi so. &lt;ref&gt; name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Remembering a Legacy: Rev. Dr. A. Oveta Fuller |url=https://asm.org/articles/2023/february/remembering-a-legacy-rev-dr-a-oveta-fuller |access-date=2025-02-20 |website=ASM.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan kammala karatunta a Makarantar Sakandare ta Bartlett Yancey, ta sami tallafin karatu na [[Aubrey Lee Brooks]] a Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Chapel Hill, inda ta sami digiri na farko a fannin ilmin halitta a shekarar 1977. Fuller ta ci gaba da karatunta a Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Chapel Hill don kammala karatun digirinta na uku a fannin [[Ilimin halittu|ilmin kwayoyin halitta]] da kuma ilimin garkuwar jiki a shekarar 1983. &lt;ref&gt;name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=A. Oveta Fuller {{!}} U-M LSA National Center for Institutional Diversity |url=https://lsa.umich.edu/ncid/people/diversity-scholars-directory/a-oveta-fuller.html |access-date=2019-10-22 |website=lsa.umich.edu |archive-date=2019-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022172404/https://lsa.umich.edu/ncid/people/diversity-scholars-directory/a-oveta-fuller.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin ilimi ==
A shekarar 1983, Fuller ta halarci Jami'ar Chicago don samun digiri na uku a fannin karatun digiri na uku. [1] A shekarar 1988, ta zama mataimakiyar farfesa a sashen Microbiology da Immunology a Makarantar Likitanci ta Jami'ar Michigan ; a shekarar 1995, an kara mata matsayi a matsayin farfesa mai aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa a Cibiyar Lafiya ta Duniya, Shirin STEM, da Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka a Jami'ar Michigan . Ta kasance farfesa mai aiki a fannin Microbiology da Immunology a Makarantar Likitanci da kuma malamai a Shirin STEM na Nazarin Afirka a Jami'ar Michigan .

== Bincike da wallafe-wallafe ==
Binciken Fuller wanda ya fara a matsayin jami'ar digiri na biyu kuma ya ci gaba da yin irin waɗannan batutuwa, ya mayar da hankali kan gano hanyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na yadda ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa ke shiga da kuma kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-09-23 |title=A. Oveta Fuller, Ph.D. {{!}} Microbiology &amp; Immunology {{!}} Michigan Medicine |url=https://medicine.umich.edu/dept/microbiology-immunology/oveta-fuller-phd |access-date=2019-10-22 |website=Microbiology &amp; Immunology |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Musamman, dakin gwaje-gwajenta yana nazarin cututtukan herpes da ƙwayoyin cuta na HIV/AIDS. Tana da sha'awar fahimtar hanyoyin shigar ƙwayoyin cuta da kamuwa da cuta da wuri, kamar hanyoyin haɗa membrane. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Lab ɗinta wani ɓangare ne na haɗin gwiwa tare da injiniyan sinadarai da masu binciken kwayoyin halitta na ɗan adam don haɓaka fasahar microchip don hanyoyin gano ƙwayoyin cuta da wuri, sauri, da araha. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Littattafan da ta fi ambato, waɗanda suka dogara da aikinta a lokacin da take digiri na biyu a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Spear, sune:

* Fuller AO, Spear PG. Kwayoyin rigakafi na anti-glycoprotein D waɗanda ke ba da damar sha amma suna toshe kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar ƙwayar cuta ta herpes simplex 1 suna hana haɗuwar ƙwayoyin cuta na virion a saman tantanin halitta. Takardun Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa. 1987 Agusta 1;84(15):5454-8. A cewar Google Scholar, an ambaci sau 321 &lt;ref name=&quot;pdgs&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Google Scholar |url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&amp;as_sdt=0%2C33&amp;q=A+Oveta+Fuller&amp;btnG=#d=gs_cit&amp;u=%2Fscholar%3Fq%3Dinfo%3AydjzKrIdMB8J%3Ascholar.google.com%2F%26output%3Dcite%26scirp%3D0%26hl%3Den |access-date=March 9, 2022 |website=scholar.google.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Fuller ya taimaka wajen gano yadda kwayar cuta da ba ta da gD ba ta da alaƙa da ƙwayoyin cuta fiye da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke ɗauke da gD.
* Fuller AO, Santos RE, Spear PG. Magungunan rigakafi masu rage ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke da alaƙa da glycoprotein H na ƙwayar cutar herpes simplex suna ba da damar haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa ƙwayoyin cuta amma suna hana shiga. Journal of virology. 1989 Agusta;63(8):3435-43. A cewar Google Scholar, an ambaci sau 251 &lt;ref name=&quot;pdgs&quot; /&gt;

Littattafan da ta fi ambato sun dogara ne akan aikin da ba na kanta ba, amma akan wannan batu, sune :

* Fuller AO, Lee WC. Shigar da kwayar cutar Herpes simplex nau'in 1 ta hanyar tarin hulɗar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin halitta yana buƙatar ayyuka daban-daban na gD da gH a cikin shigar ciki. Journal of virology. 1992 Agusta;66(8):5002-12. A cewar Google Scholar, an ambaci sau 198 &lt;ref name=&quot;gs&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Google Scholar |url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&amp;as_sdt=0%2C33&amp;q=A+Oveta+Fuller&amp;btnG=#d=gs_cit&amp;u=%2Fscholar%3Fq%3Dinfo%3AVgqizkwlLGsJ%3Ascholar.google.com%2F%26output%3Dcite%26scirp%3D2%26hl%3Den |access-date=March 9, 2022 |website=scholar.google.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Fuller AO, Lee WC. Shigar da kwayar cutar Herpes simplex nau'in 1 ta hanyar tarin hulɗar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin halitta yana buƙatar ayyuka daban-daban na gD da gH a cikin shigar ciki. Journal of virology. 1992 Agusta;66(8):5002-12. A cewar Google Scholar, an ambaci sau 171 &lt;ref name=&quot;gs&quot; /&gt;

== Sauran ayyuka ==
Fuller ta yi aiki tare da shirin Trusted Messenger Intervention (TMI) don ɗaukar taimakon shugabannin addinai na gida don magance rashin daidaiton lafiya tare da mai da hankali kan gwajin HIV/AIDS, rigakafi, da magani. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=A. Oveta Fuller {{!}} U-M LSA National Center for Institutional Diversity |url=https://lsa.umich.edu/ncid/people/diversity-scholars-directory/a-oveta-fuller.html |access-date=2019-10-22 |website=lsa.umich.edu |archive-date=2019-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022172404/https://lsa.umich.edu/ncid/people/diversity-scholars-directory/a-oveta-fuller.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://lsa.umich.edu/ncid/people/diversity-scholars-directory/a-oveta-fuller.html &quot;A. Oveta Fuller | U-M LSA National Center for Institutional Diversity&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215162431/https://lsa.umich.edu/ncid/people/diversity-scholars-directory/a-oveta-fuller.html |date=2023-02-15 }}. ''lsa.umich.edu''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2019-10-22&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi nasarar aiwatar da wannan shirin a cikin al'ummomi a Zambia da Amurka kuma kwanan nan ta gabatar da shirye-shirye a wasu ƙasashe, ciki har da Liberia inda aka mayar da hankali kan cututtuka masu yuwuwa kamar HIV/AIDS da [[Ƙwayoyin cuta na Ebola|cutar Ebola]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Fuller fasto ce a Cocin Bethel African Methodist Episocopal da ke Adrian, Michigan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brown, Kevin |date=21 November 2005 |title=U-M microbiology professor takes yearlong sabbatical to fight HIV-AIDS |url=http://www.ur.umich.edu/0506/Nov21_05/14.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225025108/http://www.ur.umich.edu/0506/Nov21_05/14.shtml |archive-date=25 February 2015 |access-date=24 February 2015 |website=University Record Online}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kasance mai ba da shawara kan kimiyya a Cocin AME na duniya kuma memba na malamai a Makarantar Tauhidi ta Payne, tana koyar da kwas ɗin ilmin halitta kan HIV/AIDS.

Aikin Fuller a fannin ilimin cututtuka ya ba ta damar bayar da gudummawa ga ci gaba da amincewa da alluran rigakafi bayan barkewar cutar COVID-19 a shekarar 2020. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Remembering a Legacy: Rev. Dr. A. Oveta Fuller |url=https://asm.org/articles/2023/february/remembering-a-legacy-rev-dr-a-oveta-fuller |access-date=2025-02-20 |website=ASM.org |language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://asm.org/articles/2023/february/remembering-a-legacy-rev-dr-a-oveta-fuller &quot;Remembering a Legacy: Rev. Dr. A. Oveta Fuller&quot;]. ''ASM.org''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2025-02-20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarun 2020 da 2021 ta kasance memba a kwamitin ba da shawara kan allurar rigakafi da kayayyakin halittu [[Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna|na Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mackay |first=Hannah |date=2021-11-07 |title=Dr. A Oveta Fuller talks FDA advisory COVID-19 vaccines and hesitancy |url=https://www.michigandaily.com/news/dr-a-oveta-fuller-talks-fda-advisory-committees-votes-on-covid-19-vaccines-vaccine-hesitancy/ |access-date=2022-02-22 |website=The Michigan Daily |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Research |first=Center for Biologics Evaluation and |date=2022-02-02 |title=Roster of the Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee |url=https://www.fda.gov/advisory-committees/vaccines-and-related-biological-products-advisory-committee/roster-vaccines-and-related-biological-products-advisory-committee |url-status=dead |journal=FDA |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718194731/https://www.fda.gov/advisory-committees/vaccines-and-related-biological-products-advisory-committee/roster-vaccines-and-related-biological-products-advisory-committee |archive-date=July 18, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Paula Tutman, Dane |date=2020-12-12 |title=Why a University of Michigan professor voted 'No' on Pfizer's COVID vaccine |url=https://www.clickondetroit.com/all-about-ann-arbor/2020/12/11/why-a-university-of-michigan-professor-voted-no-on-pfizers-covid-vaccine/ |access-date=2022-02-22 |website=WDIV |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Lambobin yabo da karramawa ==
A shekarar 1983, an ba ta lambar yabo ta National Technical Association Service Award, Anna Fund Postdoctoral Award, da kuma Thornton Professional Achievement Award. A shekarar 1987, an kuma ba ta lambar yabo ta Ford Foundation kuma a shekarar 1992 an ba ta lambar yabo ta NSF Career Advancement Award. Sauran kyaututtukan sun haɗa da Mace ta Shekara a Hulɗa da Dan Adam ta Jami'ar Michigan Task Force (1998) &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fuller |first=A. Oveta |date=22 October 2019 |title=A. Oveta Fuller CV |url=https://lsa.umich.edu/ncid/people/diversity-scholars-directory/a-oveta-fuller/_jcr_content/file.res/fuller,aoveta_CV.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809154537/https://lsa.umich.edu/ncid/people/diversity-scholars-directory/a-oveta-fuller/_jcr_content/file.res/fuller,aoveta_CV.pdf |archive-date=2020-08-09 |access-date= |website=University of Michigan}}&lt;/ref&gt; hidimarta tare da lambar yabo ta Distinguished Service Award a Microbiology and Ministry daga Missions Society, AME, lambar yabo ta Robert Smith Community Service &quot;Humanitarian Award,&quot; kuma an haskaka tarihin rayuwarta a cikin &quot;Distinguished African American Scientists of the 20th Century&quot; (Kessler, Kidd, and Morin, Oryx Press, Phoenix, AZ, 1996). &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; A shekarar 2012, ta sami kyautar Fulbright US Scholar Program. A watan Janairun 2013, ta fara bincike na tsawon watanni tara a yankin Copperbelt da ke Zambia,  wanda aikinta ya mayar da hankali kan kawo bayanan likitanci cikin al'ummomi ta hanyar shugabannin addinai na gida. A lokacin hutun hutu a shekarar 2006, Dr.Fuller ta yi tafiya zuwa ƙasashen Afirka da dama, ciki har da Botswana, Afirka ta Kudu da Zambia don taimaka wa membobin limaman coci su fahimci ilimin da ke tattare da cutar HIV da AIDS da kuma yadda za su taimaka wajen ilmantar da limamansu game da tasirin tasirin cutar AIDS a cikin al'ummominsu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bringing Faith and Science Together to Fight HIV in Africa |url=https://labblog.uofmhealth.org/rounds/bringing-faith-and-science-together-to-fight-hiv-africa |access-date=2021-02-28 |website=University of Michigan |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2022, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Regents' Award for Distinguished Public Service ta Jami'ar Michigan, wadda ke ba da lada ga ayyukan hidimar jama'a waɗanda suka shafi koyarwa da bincike, kuma suna nuna ƙwarewar ƙwararru da ilimi, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Thirty-four faculty members to receive awards this fall |url=https://record.umich.edu/articles/thirty-four-faculty-members-to-receive-awards/ |access-date=2021-11-21 |website=University of Michigan |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma lambar yabo ta Sarah Goddard Power Award ta jami'ar, wadda ke ba da lada ga mutanen da suka bayar da gudummawa mai yawa ga inganta mata ta hanyar jagoranci, malanta ko wasu hanyoyi a rayuwarsu ta sana'a. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Three faculty members to receive Goddard Power awards |url=https://record.umich.edu/articles/three-faculty-members-to-receive-goddard-power-awards/ |access-date=2021-11-21 |website=University of Michigan |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yanzu gadonta ya ci gaba da tallafawa wasu mata da ''kyautar A. Ovetta Fuller,'' wadda ke tallafawa ɗalibai masu tasowa waɗanda suka sadaukar da kansu don samun ci gaba a fannoni na rashin daidaiton lafiya, cututtuka masu yaɗuwa, ko ilimin ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma ilimin rigakafi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ivana Parker, Ph.D., to receive the inaugural A. Oveta Fuller Award – J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering |url=https://bme.ufl.edu/2024/10/03/ivana-parker-ph-d-to-receive-the-inaugural-a-oveta-fuller-award/ |access-date=2025-09-25 |website=bme.ufl.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2022]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Hattie Canty</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>838382</id>
      <parentid>813222</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:19:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-30094-20</username>
        <id>45035</id>
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      <text bytes="3398" sha1="jide3phno8l0r0e7qpewk6b1fb4x57r" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Hattie Canty''' (10 ga Yuni, 1933 - 12 ga Yuli, 2012) &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=HATTIE CANTY's Obituary on Las Vegas Review-Journal |url=http://obits.reviewjournal.com/obituaries/lvrj/obituary.aspx?n=hattie-canty&amp;pid=158653884&amp;fhid=11573 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314153507/http://obits.reviewjournal.com/obituaries/lvrj/obituary.aspx?n=hattie-canty&amp;pid=158653884&amp;fhid=11573 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |access-date=2017-03-14 |website=Las Vegas Review-Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt; ' yar fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ce 'yar asalin Afirka a [[Las Vegas|Las Vegas, Nevada]] . An kira ta &quot;ɗaya daga cikin manyan shugabannin yajin aiki a tarihin Amurka.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 September 2016 |title=Women in Labor History » Zinn Education Project |url=https://zinnedproject.org/materials/women-in-labor-history/ |access-date=2017-03-14 |website=zinnedproject.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko da iyali ==
An haifi Canty a shekarar 1933 a karkarar St. Stephens, Alabama . [1] Daga baya ta ƙaura da yara biyu zuwa San Diego, California inda ta yi aiki a matsayin mai dafa abinci da mai kula da gida. [2] A shekarar 1961, Canty ta ƙaura zuwa Las Vegas, Nevada. A shekarar 1972 ta ɗauki aiki a matsayin mai kula da yara a Thunderbird Hotel . Bayan mutuwar mijinta a shekarar 1975, an bar ta ta kula da yara takwas da kuɗin shigarta. Canty ta fara samun aiki a matsayin mai kula da yara a Gundumar Makarantar Clark County daga baya kuma a matsayin mai kula da yara a gidaje masu zaman kansu. Daga ƙarshe, ta sami aiki a Maxim Hotel and Casino (daga baya Westin Las Vegas ), wanda ya ba ta da 'ya'yanta damar samun inshorar lafiya.

== Gudanar da Ma'aikata a Las Vegas ==
A lokacin da take aiki a Otal ɗin Maxim ne ta shiga cikin ƙungiyar kwadago. Ta shiga Las Vegas Hotel and Culinary Workers Union Local 226 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Culinary Workers Union Local 226 |url=http://www.culinaryunion226.org/ |access-date=2017-03-14 |website=Culinary Union Local 226 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://bc55-game.online bossclub55]&lt;/ref&gt;kuma aka zaɓe ta a kwamitin zartarwa. A shekarar 1984, Canty ta kasance wani ɓangare na shirin yajin aikin ma'aikatan gidan caca na Las Vegas waɗanda suka buƙaci ingantattun yanayi da fa'idodin inshora. Yajin aikin ya ɗauki tsawon kwanaki 75. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hattie Canty {{!}} ONE |url=http://www.onlinenevada.org/articles/hattie-canty |access-date=2017-03-14 |website=www.onlinenevada.org }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 1990, an zaɓe ta shugabar Las Vegas Hotel and Culinary Workers Union Local 226. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;  A matsayinta na shugaba, ta jagoranci yajin aikin da aka yi ta yayatawa &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 March 2008 |title=Canty, Hattie (1934- ) {{!}} The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed |url=http://www.blackpast.org/aah/canty-hattie-1934 |access-date=2017-03-14 |website=www.blackpast.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 1991, Canty ta jagoranci yajin aikin ma'aikatan abinci 550 daga New Frontier Hotel and Gambling Hall don nuna rashin adalci ga yanayin aiki. Yajin aikin shine yajin aikin ma'aikata mafi tsawo a tarihin Amurka kuma ya ɗauki tsawon shekaru shida da rabi. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Matattun 2012]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]]</text>
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      <id>838439</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:25:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lp0 on fire</username>
        <id>41466</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Reverted 1 edit by [[Special:Contributions/~2026-30094-20|~2026-30094-20]] ([[User talk:~2026-30094-20|talk]]): Spam (TwinkleGlobal)</comment>
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'''Hattie Canty''' (10 ga Yuni, 1933 - 12 ga Yuli, 2012) &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=HATTIE CANTY's Obituary on Las Vegas Review-Journal |url=http://obits.reviewjournal.com/obituaries/lvrj/obituary.aspx?n=hattie-canty&amp;pid=158653884&amp;fhid=11573 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314153507/http://obits.reviewjournal.com/obituaries/lvrj/obituary.aspx?n=hattie-canty&amp;pid=158653884&amp;fhid=11573 |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |access-date=2017-03-14 |website=Las Vegas Review-Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt; ' yar fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ce 'yar asalin Afirka a [[Las Vegas|Las Vegas, Nevada]] . An kira ta &quot;ɗaya daga cikin manyan shugabannin yajin aiki a tarihin Amurka.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 September 2016 |title=Women in Labor History » Zinn Education Project |url=https://zinnedproject.org/materials/women-in-labor-history/ |access-date=2017-03-14 |website=zinnedproject.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko da iyali ==
An haifi Canty a shekarar 1933 a karkarar St. Stephens, Alabama . [1] Daga baya ta ƙaura da yara biyu zuwa San Diego, California inda ta yi aiki a matsayin mai dafa abinci da mai kula da gida. [2] A shekarar 1961, Canty ta ƙaura zuwa Las Vegas, Nevada. A shekarar 1972 ta ɗauki aiki a matsayin mai kula da yara a Thunderbird Hotel . Bayan mutuwar mijinta a shekarar 1975, an bar ta ta kula da yara takwas da kuɗin shigarta. Canty ta fara samun aiki a matsayin mai kula da yara a Gundumar Makarantar Clark County daga baya kuma a matsayin mai kula da yara a gidaje masu zaman kansu. Daga ƙarshe, ta sami aiki a Maxim Hotel and Casino (daga baya Westin Las Vegas ), wanda ya ba ta da 'ya'yanta damar samun inshorar lafiya.

== Gudanar da Ma'aikata a Las Vegas ==
A lokacin da take aiki a Otal ɗin Maxim ne ta shiga cikin ƙungiyar kwadago. Ta shiga Las Vegas Hotel and Culinary Workers Union Local 226 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Culinary Workers Union Local 226 |url=http://www.culinaryunion226.org/ |access-date=2017-03-14 |website=Culinary Union Local 226 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma aka zaɓe ta a kwamitin zartarwa. A shekarar 1984, Canty ta kasance wani ɓangare na shirin yajin aikin ma'aikatan gidan caca na Las Vegas waɗanda suka buƙaci ingantattun yanayi da fa'idodin inshora. Yajin aikin ya ɗauki tsawon kwanaki 75. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hattie Canty {{!}} ONE |url=http://www.onlinenevada.org/articles/hattie-canty |access-date=2017-03-14 |website=www.onlinenevada.org }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 1990, an zaɓe ta shugabar Las Vegas Hotel and Culinary Workers Union Local 226. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;  A matsayinta na shugaba, ta jagoranci yajin aikin da aka yi ta yayatawa &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 March 2008 |title=Canty, Hattie (1934- ) {{!}} The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed |url=http://www.blackpast.org/aah/canty-hattie-1934 |access-date=2017-03-14 |website=www.blackpast.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 1991, Canty ta jagoranci yajin aikin ma'aikatan abinci 550 daga New Frontier Hotel and Gambling Hall don nuna rashin adalci ga yanayin aiki. Yajin aikin shine yajin aikin ma'aikata mafi tsawo a tarihin Amurka kuma ya ɗauki tsawon shekaru shida da rabi. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Matattun 2012]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Littafin Corpus Cluniacense</title>
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        <username>Abdulrahman tahir shika</username>
        <id>24962</id>
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      <comment>Nayi gyara</comment>
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'''''Corpus Cluniacense''''' ko '''''Corpus Islamolatinum''''',  wani lokacin ana kiransa '''''Corpus Toledanum''''' a matsayin kuskure,  tarin rubuce-rubucen [[Harshen Latin|Latin]] ne game da [[Musulunci]] da aka tattara a shekarar 1142–1143. A tsakiyarsa akwai fassarori daga [[Larabci]] na ayyukan Musulunci guda biyar, ciki har da [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alƙur'ani]]. {{Sfn|Lappin|2021}} Abbot Peter the Venable of Cluny ne ya ba da umarnin a yi aikin a lokacin tafiya zuwa Spain. Robert of Ketton ne ya jagoranci tawagar masu fassara, wanda ya fassara Alƙur'ani. Sauran masu fassara su ne Herman of Carinthia, Peter of Toledo da kuma wani Musulmi mai suna Muḥammad. Peter of Poitiers ne ya taimaka musu a fannin Latin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Di Cesare|2012}}; {{Harvard citation no brackets|Martínez Gázquez|2012}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Rubutun farko da ya ƙunshi mafi yawan ''Corpus'' shine Paris, Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal, Lat. 1162, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙarni na 12. &lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Di Cesare|2012}}; {{Harvard citation no brackets|Lappin|2021}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan rubutun kuma ya ƙunshi farkon hoton Muḥammad a yammacin Turai. {{Sfn|Di Cesare|2012}} Hakanan ya ƙunshi wani taken na musamman, ''Fabulae Sarracenorum'' ('Tales of the Saracens'), kafin Robert na gabatarwar Ketton ga tarihin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|De la Cruz Palma|Ferrero Hernández|2011a}}, and {{Harvard citation no brackets|Di Cesare|2012}}, include the ''Doctrina Mahumet'' among the ''Fabulae Sarracenorum'', but {{Harvard citation no brackets|Martínez Gázquez|2012}} does not. The title is sometimes mistakenly thought to refer only to the chronicle, per {{Harvard citation no brackets|De la Cruz Palma|Ferrero Hernández|2011b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; An yi kwafin farko na cikakken ''Corpus'' zuwa 1300 kuma wataƙila a matsayin martani ga Majalisar Lyon ta Biyu (1274) da kuma kiran dawo da Ƙasa Mai Tsarki bayan 1291. An yi waɗannan kwafin ne daga ainihin rubutun, wanda da alama Peter the Venerable ne ya kawo shi Ingila kuma ya bar shi a can. {{Sfn|Lappin|2021}}

[[Theodor Bibliander]] ne ya shirya Corpus kuma [[Johannes Oporinus]] ne ya buga shi a [[Basel]] a ranar 11 ga Janairun 1543 a ƙarƙashin taken Machumetis Saracenorum principis eiusque successorum vitae ac doctrina, ipseque Alcoran . [[Martin Luther]] da [[Philip Melanchthon]] sun ba da gabatarwa. Littafin bai kasance ba tare da gardama ba, Oporinus ya kasance a kurkuku ta hukumomin Basel don yunkurinsa na farko a shekara ta 1542. An buga bugu na biyu a cikin 1550 tare da gyare-gyare bisa ga rubutun da Kadinal John na Ragusa ya kwafe a cikin 1437.{{Sfn|Kritzeck|1964}}
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  <page>
    <title>Ƙalubalen Rossetti</title>
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'''Reto Rossetti''' (11 ga Afrilu 1909 - 20 ga Satumba 1994) mawaki ne na Burtaniya kuma farfesa ne na [[Esperantist]] . Ya kasance Italiyanci-Switzerland kuma ya riƙe 'yancinsa, kodayake ya rayu duk rayuwarsa a Burtaniya. Ayyukansa na sana'a a matsayin malami a kwalejojin fasaha ya ƙare a matsayin Shugaban sashen ilimin fasaha a [[University of Bristol|Jami'ar Bristol]]. Babban ɗan'uwansa shi ne [[Cezaro Rossetti]], marubucin ''[[Kredu min, sinjorino!]]''  (Ka yi imani da ni, Ma'am!). Ya mutu a [[Gosport]].

== Rayuwa mai ban sha'awa ==
Waƙoƙinsa sun bayyana a cikin aikin da aka rubuta, ''[[Kvaropo]]'' (''Quartet''). Waƙoƙin Rossetti sun bayyana a cikin jaridar [[Esperanto]] (jarida).

Tare da ɗan'uwansa, Cezaro Rossetti (Caesar) ya rubuta kuma ya kwatanta 'The Moc Gonnogal' - tarin waƙoƙi da aka rubuta a matsayin yaudara akan aikin mawaki na Scotland William McGonnogal .

Sauran ayyukansa sune: Mestizo de l' Mondo (Mestizo of the World), tarin waƙoƙi; El la ''[[El la Maniko|Maniko]]'' (Out of my Sleeve); da ''[[Pinta krajono]]'' (Sharp Pencil), tarin litattafai. Babban fassararsa shine ''Otelo'' (''Othello'') na [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]]. Rossetti ya yi fassarori da yawa daga waƙoƙin Ingilishi. Ya kasance edita kuma babban abokin aiki a kan ''Angla Antologio'' .

Uku daga cikin ayyukansa suna kan William Auld's Basic Esperanto Reading List: El la ''[[El la maniko|Maniko]]'', ''[[33 Rakontoj]]'', ''[[Pinta krajono]]'' .

== Ayyuka ==

=== Na asali a cikin Esperanto ===

* ''[[Oazo]]'' (tarin waka a ''[[Kvaropo]]'' (1952)) 
* ''[[Mestizo de l' Mondo|Mestizo na Mondo]]''
* El la ''[[El la maniko|Maniko]]'' (tarin litattafai, 1955) 
* ''[[Pinta krajono]]'' (tarin waƙoƙi, 1959) 

== Haɗin waje ==

* ''' (a cikin Esperanto) ''' [https://esperanto.net/literaturo/autor/rrossetti.html Takaitaccen tarihin rayuwa].
* ''' (a cikin Esperanto) ''' Sperto ya yi akrigas. [https://www.liberafolio.org/2005/aperis/baldurrossetti/ Binciken 'yan uwan Rossetti] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213000630/http://www.liberafolio.org/2005/aperis/baldurrossetti/ |date=2016-12-13 }} na Baldur Ragnarsson, wanda aka buga a ''[[Juna Amiko]]''.
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1994]]
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  <page>
    <title>Ángela Molina</title>
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Ángela Molina Tejedor (an haife ta a 5 ga Oktoba 1955) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Mutanen Espanya. Baya ga wasan kwaikwayon da ta yi a fina-finai na Mutanen Espanya, ta fito a cikin shirye-shiryen kasa da kasa da yawa, musamman a fina-fukkin Italiya da jerin talabijin.

== Iyali ==
An haifi Molina a [[Madrid]] a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 1955, 'yar mawaƙa Antonio Molina da Ángela Tejedor . &lt;ref name=&quot;hola&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 July 2017 |title=Ángela Molina, la nueva reina del clan familiar |url=https://www.hola.com/actualidad/galeria/2017070496672/angela-molina-nueva-reina-del-clan-familiar-gt/2/ |website=[[¡Hola!]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'Yan uwanta {{Interlanguage link|Paula Molina|es|Paula Molina (actriz)}}, Mónica da {{Interlanguage link|Miki Molina|es|Micky Molina}} suma sun bi aikin wasan kwaikwayo.[es]&lt;ref name=&quot;laverdad&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 July 2016 |title=Ángela Molina, ese oscuro objeto de deseo |url=https://www.laverdad.es/murcia/culturas/cine/201607/14/angela-molina-oscuro-objeto-20160714163922-rc.html |website=[[La Verdad (Murcia)|La Verdad]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wata daga cikin 'yan uwanta, {{Interlanguage link|Noel Molina|es}} [es], mawaƙiya ce.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Román |first=Manuel |date=18 March 2017 |title=Antonio Molina sólo tuvo un gran amor: Ángela, madre de 8 hijos |url=https://www.libertaddigital.com/chic/corazon/2017-03-18/antonio-molina-solo-tuvo-un-gran-amor-angela-madre-de-8-hijos-1276595054/ |website=Chic |publisher=[[Libertad Digital]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
She studied dance and theatre art in the Escuela Superior de Madrid.&lt;ref name=&quot;hola&quot;/&gt; She made her film debut in 1975 with César Fernández Ardavín's ''No matarás''.&lt;ref name=&quot;info&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 March 2010 |title=La actriz Angela Molina recibirá el premio Luis Buñuel en el Festival de Huesca |url=https://www.lainformacion.com/arte-cultura-y-espectaculos/la-actriz-angela-molina-recibira-el-premio-luis-bunuel-en-el-festival-de-huesca_kFfyZvwR3DMbrd3OC6l9j/ |website=La Información }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Another early major credit is her performance as Rosa (a sexually provocative woman and unwed mother) in ''Black Brood'' (1977), a film portraying fascist violence in post-Francoist Spain. She rose to international prominence after starring in Luis Buñuel's last film ''That Obscure Object of Desire'' (1977).&lt;ref name=&quot;info&quot; /&gt;

Ta yi aiki tare da irin waɗannan daraktoci kamar su Luis Buñuel, 'yan uwan Taviani, Jaime Chávarri, Pedro Almodóvar, Fernando Colomo, Jaime Camino, José Luis Borau, Manuel Gutiérrez Aragon, Giuseppe Tornatore, &lt;ref name=&quot;laverdad&quot;/&gt; Bigas Luna, Alain Tanner, Julio Medem, &lt;ref name=&quot;elsiglo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=García Palacios |first=David |date=3 December 2020 |title=Los Goya premian la &quot;autenticidad&quot; de Ángela Molina |url=https://elsiglodeuropa.es/los-goya-premian-la-autenticidad-de-angela-molina/ |website=El Siglo de Europa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ridley Scott, Lina Wertmüller, Sergio Castellitto da Jaime na Armiñán.

A shekara ta 1985, ta zama 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta kasashen waje da ta lashe kyautar fim din Italiya David di Donatello saboda rawar da ta taka a cikin Lina Wertmüller's Camorra . [1] An ba ta kyautar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Donostia-San Sebastian a shekarar 1987 saboda rawar da ta taka a Half of Heaven . An kuma zaba ta akai-akai don Kyautar Goya Awards (lambar fina-finai ta Spain).

A shekara ta 1999, ta kasance Shugabar Juri a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Berlin na 49. &lt;ref name=&quot;Berlinale&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Berlinale: 1999 Juries |url=http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1999/04_jury_1999/04_Jury_1999.html |access-date=2012-01-28 |website=berlinale.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An ba ta lambar yabo ta zinare a cikin Fine Arts a shekara ta 2002 da kuma Kyautar Cinematography ta Spain a shekara ta 2016. &lt;ref name=&quot;laverdad&quot;/&gt;[es]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 July 2016 |title=La actriz Ángela Molina, Premio Nacional de Cinematografía 2016 |url=https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20160714/actriz-angela-molina-premio-nacional-cinematografia-2016/1371144.shtml |website=[[RTVE]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
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  <page>
    <title>Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Masu ba da Shawara ga Zaman Lafiya</title>
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Ƙungiyar Masu ba da shawara kan Zaman Lafiya ta Duniya (IAWPA) kungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta duniya kuma mai shiga cikin Yarjejeniyar Duniya ta [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] . Manufarta ita ce inganta zaman lafiya da jituwa a cikin al'ummomi daban-daban a duk faɗin duniya da kuma tabbatar da cewa ana cimma burin da manufofi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya wajen kiyaye zaman lafiya a duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 2017 |title=International Association of World Peace Advocates |url=http://www.ipb.org/members/international-association-of-world-peace-advocates/ |access-date=2020-10-07 |publisher=ipb.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=International Association of World Peace Advocates |url=https://www.unglobalcompact.org/what-is-gc/participants/30511-International-Association-of-World-Peace-Advocates |access-date=2020-10-07 |publisher=unglobalcompact.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=International Association of World Peace Advocates |url=https://www.influencewatch.org/non-profit/international-association-of-world-peace-advocates/ |access-date=2020-10-07 |publisher=www.influencewatch.org/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kungiyar kungiya ce ta 'yan ƙasa na duniya da ke da damuwa waɗanda sha'awarsu ita ce inganta zaman lafiya na duniya, al'umma mai adalci da hada kai a cikin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don tabbatar da cewa ana gudanar da dukkan nau'ikan mutane a cikin al'ummarmu a kan tsare-tsaren, shirye-shirye da manufofi na Majalisar Dinkinobho.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=Credible elections crucial to peace, development – CSO |url=https://nnn.ng/credible-elections-crucial-to-peace-development-cso/ |access-date=2020-10-07 |publisher=nnn.ng / |archive-date=2020-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008212653/https://nnn.ng/credible-elections-crucial-to-peace-development-cso/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yana hulɗa da kungiyoyi na kasa da kasa da na yanki kuma yana ɗaukar mutane masu ladabi a matsayin Babban Jakadun Zaman Lafiya ta hanyar ingantaccen tantancewa na gabatarwa tare da girmamawa ta musamman da aka ba wa mutanen da ƙoƙarin su ke bayyane wajen yin zaman lafiya da samar da alheri ga yara marayu, gwauraye da tsofaffi.

A matsayin ƙungiyar manyan jakadun zaman lafiya, ƙungiyar tana tunawa da kwanakin kiyaye Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, shekarun da suka gabata tare da mai da hankali ga ƙasa, jihohi da ƙauyuka, suna kawo wayar da kan jama'a game da Majalisar Dinkinobho ga mutanen da ba su da masaniya game da aiki, ayyuka da tsarin Majalisar Dinkin duniya don ba su damar rabawa da samun ilimi game da wasu abubuwan da suka faru, jigogi da batutuwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=International Association of World Peace Advocates |url=https://social.un.org/ageing-working-group/documents/newngos/7session/IAWPA.pdf |access-date=2020-10-07 |publisher=social.un.org |archive-date=2020-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013124443/https://social.un.org/ageing-working-group/documents/newngos/7session/IAWPA.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manufar kungiyar ==
Dalilin da aka kafa kungiyar shine kamar haka:

* Don daukar mutane a matsayin masu sa kai don taimakawa wajen aiwatar da Manufofin Ci Gaban Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kuma inganta aikin sa kai na Majalisar Dinkinobho a duk ayyukan ɗan adam.
* Don inganta hadin kai, zaman lafiya da jituwa tsakanin da tsakanin mambobi da jama'a.
* Don taimakawa wajen inganta ilimin zaman lafiya a makarantu, kwalejoji, jami'o'i, masana'antu da wuraren ibada da kuma taruwa akai-akai don manufar amfani da ilimi a cikin aikin jin kai.
* Don ba da jagoranci na ɗabi'a ga matasa ta hanyar shirya darussan horar da jagoranci, tarurruka, tarurrwa, da sauransu.
* Don inganta abota ta kasa da kasa ta hanyar shirya shirye-shiryen musayar da kuma karfafa ayyukan zaman lafiya da ayyuka tare da wasu irin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi a duniya.
* Don kaiwa ga hukumomin kamfanoni, majami'u, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, makarantu, al'ummomi da sauran ƙungiyoyi masu kyau da nufin taimakawa mutane wajen cimma zaman lafiya.
* Don yin aiki tare da kungiyoyi na kasa da kasa da wadanda ba na gwamnati ba, gami da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da hukumomin ta na musamman.
* Don ba da taimako na farko ga mabukata a lokutan zaman lafiya da yaƙi.
* Don ƙarfafawa da haɓaka ruhun aikin jin kai a cikin mutane musamman matasa, ta hanyar kafa ƙungiyoyin ƙungiyar a cikin cibiyoyin da aka amince da su, matsayi na dabarun da wurare
* Don kafa kungiyoyin zaman lafiya a ƙauyuka, birane, garuruwa, makarantu da majami'u da kuma amfani da irin waɗannan kungiyoyin don koyar da zaman lafiya da ka'idojin taimakon farko da kuma aiki.
* Don taimakawa tsofaffi / tsofaffi, ingantawa da kare hakkinsu da kuma tabbatar da cewa ana bi da su da ladabi da girmamawa.

== Shahararrun Jakadun Zaman Lafiya ==
Wasu sanannun jakadun zaman lafiya na IAWPA (UN) sun hada da:

* George Weah, shugaban Liberia &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012 |title=Welcoming and Applauding Amb. George Weah's Appointment as Liberia's First Peace Ambassador |url=https://thenewdawnliberia.com/ref-welcoming-and-applauding-amb-george-weahs-appointment-as-liberias-first-peace-ambassador/ |access-date=2020-10-10 |publisher=thenewdawnliberia.com /}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Hope Uzodinma, gwamnan [[Imo|Jihar Imo]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=Uzodinma, 16 other governors bag 2020 SDGs champions |url=https://nnn.ng/uzodinma-16-other-governors-bag-2020-sdgs-champions/ |access-date=2020-10-07 |publisher=nnn.ng / }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=Uzodimma Receives Members of International Association of World Peace Advocates |url=https://nnn.ng/credible-elections-crucial-to-peace-development-cso/ |access-date=2020-10-08 |publisher=nnn.ng / |archive-date=2020-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008212653/https://nnn.ng/credible-elections-crucial-to-peace-development-cso/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* TVC News, tashar labarai ta talabijin ta awa 24 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016 |title=Intl Association of World Peace Advocates honours TVC News |url=https://www.tvcnews.tv/tag/international-association-of-world-peace-advocates/?amp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012052547/https://www.tvcnews.tv/tag/international-association-of-world-peace-advocates/?amp |archive-date=2020-10-12 |access-date=2020-10-08 |publisher=nnn.ng /}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bishop Samuel Ben Owusu &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=Bishop Sam Owusu Appointed UN World Peace Advocate |url=https://pleasuresmagazine.com.ng/2020/03/induction-ceremony-bishop-sam-owusu-appointed-un-world-peace-advocate/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011102104/https://pleasuresmagazine.com.ng/2020/03/induction-ceremony-bishop-sam-owusu-appointed-un-world-peace-advocate/ |archive-date=2020-10-11 |access-date=2020-10-08 |publisher=nnn.ng /}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Mike Ozekhome]], [[Babban Lauyan Najeriya]]
* Firayim Minista Elijah Babatunde Ayodele &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=Primate Ayodele Bags United Nations Eminent Ambassador Of Peace Award |url=https://instantnewsnaija.com/primate-ayodele-bags-united-nations-eminent-ambassador-of-peace-award/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011202833/https://instantnewsnaija.com/primate-ayodele-bags-united-nations-eminent-ambassador-of-peace-award/ |archive-date=2020-10-11 |access-date=2020-10-08 |publisher=instantnewsnaija.com /}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Da. Stephanie Nnadi, Shugaba / Wanda ya kafa Kashi Daya na Duniya &lt;ref&gt;{{YouTube|9ISyD3WnMrA|In-Depth Interview with UN Peace Ambassador Stephanie Nnadi {{!}} THE CONVERSATION}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Juwon Lawal Razaq, wanda ya kafa kungiyar Afirka &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The United Nations chooses Dubai as the starting point for its Diamond Jubilee celebrations |url=https://www.albayan.ae/across-the-uae/news-and-reports/2020-02-23-1.3785283 |access-date=2023-11-15 |publisher=albayan.ae}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Mai Girma, Sarki (Dr.) I. U. [[Sarki Otuo Ogbalakon|Otuo Ogbalakon]] IX na Unyeada KingdomMulkin da ba a yi amfani da shi ba
* David Evans-Uhegbu, wanda ya kafa Jungle Entertainment Ventures
* Da.  (Dr.) Irmiya Emmanuel Adeleko
* Dokta Richard Godwin Magenge
* Da.  (M.Sc.dba) Edmond Murati, Shugaban IT GOV daga Jamhuriyar Kosovo

== Duba kuma ==

* Yarjejeniyar Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
* Shirin Rahoton Duniya
* Hakkin zamantakewar kamfanoni
* Ci gaba mai dorewa

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zaharira Harifai</title>
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'''Zaharira Harifai''' (Ibraniyawa; 12 ga Disamba, 1929 - 2 ga Janairu, 2013) 'yar fim ce ta Isra'ila, [[Ɗan wasa|'yar wasan kwaikwayo]], kuma 'yar wasan talabijin, kuma mai zane-zane. 

Ta kasance mai karɓar Kyautar Isra'ila a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda aka ba ta a shekara ta 2003.  Jaridar Jerusalem Post ta kira ta &quot;ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Isra'ila&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;jpost&quot; /&gt;

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
An haifi Harifai kuma ta girma a [[Tel Abib|Tel Aviv]] .  Mahaifinta, Haim Leib Harifai, malamin Ibrananci ne da adabi, ɗan jarida, kuma mai fafutukar al'adu a Yishuv, wanda ya yi ƙaura daga Rasha a 1922. A shekara ta 1934, tana da shekaru hudu, ta zama maraya lokacin da mahaifinta ya mutu daga cutar huhu.&lt;ref name=&quot;ynet&quot; /&gt; Mahaifiyarta, Hannah Dvora, ta yi aiki a cikin kicin makarantar sakandare.

Ta halarci Makarantar noma ta Mikveh Isra'ila don makarantar sakandare, inda ta yi fice, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, a cikin iyo. A shekara ta 1946, bayan kammala makarantar sakandare, ta horar da ita a Kibbut Gvat a cikin tsarin Palmach Battalion . A lokacin [[Yakin Falasdinu na 1948|Yakin Independence]], ta yi aiki a matsayin mai aiki da rediyo a cikin Golani Brigade . 

== Ayyuka ==
Bayan sallamar ta ta ta soja, ta bayyana a cikin shirin farar hula na ƙungiyar Chizbatron (a waje da soja) kuma ta yi karatu a makarantar wasan kwaikwayo da ke haɗe da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Cameri .  Ɗaya daga cikin malamanta shine Peter Frye, amma Harifai ta ɗauki kanta da farko ɗalibar Yosef Milo, wanda ya kafa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Cameri.

A cikin shekarun 1950 da 1960, ta yi wasan kwaikwayo kamar The Italian Straw Hat da As You Like It a Cameri, da The Caucasian Chalk Circle da sauran shirye-shirye a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Haifa .

A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, ta kasance memba na ƙungiyar ''Batzal Yarok'' (Green Onion), inda ta raira waƙa &quot;The Pioneer Prostitute,&quot; waƙar da aka haramta daga watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=גת |first=יונתן |title=זהרירה חריפאי: מלכה ללא כתר |url=https://www.makorrishon.co.il/nrg/online/47/ART2/426/479.html |access-date=2025-12-03 |website=NRG}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan an kore ta daga gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Cameri, da farko saboda dalilai da suka shafi bayyanarta ta jiki, a cikin 1958 ta taka rawar lesbian Inez a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Jean-Paul Sartre No Exit a matsayin wani ɓangare na Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Zavit, wanda ta kafa tare da wasu 'yan wasan kwaikwayo.
[[Fayil:Habima_(997009453233005171.jpg|thumb|Harifai a cikin maimaitawa a Habima]]
A shekara ta 1959, mata biyu sun yi ƙoƙari su kashe kansu ta hanyar nutsar da su a cikin Kogin Yarkon. Harifai, wacce ta kasance fitacciyar mai yin iyo ga Hapoel Tel Aviv (100m breaststroke), ta cire rigarta kuma ta yi tsalle cikin ruwa don ceton su, amma kawai ta sami nasarar ceto daya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=לדיאנסקי |first=עו&quot;ד ראובן |date=2023-06-04 |title=קריאת גשר אוסישקין בת&quot;א ע&quot;ש השחקנית זהרירה חריפאי שהלכה לעולמה לפני כ-10 שנים |url=https://www.ladianski.co.il/2023/06/04/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%AA-%D7%92%D7%A9%D7%A8-%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9F-%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%90-%D7%A2%D7%A9-%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA-%D7%96%D7%94%D7%A8/ |access-date=2025-12-03 |website=ראובן לדיאנסקי, משנה לראש העיר ת&quot;א וראש סיעת &quot;חילונים ירוקים&quot; |language=he-IL }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 1967, ta kirkiro wani maraice na karatun shayari da ake kira &quot;Harsunan da aka rufe a cikin Littafin,&quot; kuma daga nan zuwa gaba ta ƙware a karatun shayari. An dauke ta daga cikin masu gabatarwa na wannan fasahar a Isra'ila.
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2013]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1929]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ada Sereni</title>
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'''Ada Sereni''' (née Ascarelli) (20 ga Yuni, 1905 - 24 ga Nuwamba, 1997) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=עדה סרני (אסקרלי) 22 June 1905 – 24 November 1997 in BillionGraves GPS Headstones {{!}} BillionGraves |url=https://he.billiongraves.com/grave/%D7%A2%D7%93%D7%94-%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99-%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%99/21275229 |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=he.billiongraves.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin Mossad LeAliyah Bet a Italiya (shige da fice ba bisa ka'ida ba daga Yahudawa zuwa Mandatory Palestine tsakanin 1920 da 1948), ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kibbutz Givat Brenner, kuma mai karɓar Kyautar Isra'ila don gudummawa ta musamman ga al'ummawa da ƙasar. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=עדה סרני (1905–1997) {{!}} הספרייה הלאומית |url=https://www.nli.org.il/he/a-topic/987007302598705171 |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=www.nli.org.il |language=he |archive-date=2024-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204032951/https://www.nli.org.il/he/a-topic/987007302598705171 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin rayuwa ==

=== Shekaru na farko ===
An haife ta a matsayin Ada Ascarelli a cikin 1905 a [[Rum|Roma]] ga wani attajiri kuma sanannen iyalin Yahudawa na Sephardic wanda ya ƙidaya mawaki na karni na 16 Devorà Ascarelli daga cikin kakanninta. Iyayenta sune Ettore (1847-1919), da Emma Tagliacozzo (1882-1978). Mahaifinta ya mutu lokacin da ta shiga makarantar sakandare. Mahaifiyarta ta tsira daga Holocaust ta hanyar tserewa daga tarwatsa Yahudawa na Italiya a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 1943, kuma ta ɓoye a cikin gidan ibada na nuns na Notre-Dame de Sion . Kakan mahaifinta shine Tranquillo Ascarelli, tsohon shugaban [[Israelite University|Jami'ar Isra'ila]] . Kakan mahaifiyarta Ariel, a matsayin mai samar da ulu na Paparoma, bai taba miƙa wuya ga ƙuntatawa da ke kiyaye wasu Yahudawa na Romawa a cikin ghetto na Yahudawa ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=enciclopedia delle donne: Ascarelli Sereni Ada |url=https://www.enciclopediadelledonne.it/edd.nsf/biografie/ada-ascarelli-sereni |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=enciclopediadelledonne.it |language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=La Scuola per i 150 anni dell'Unità d'Italia – Dalla prima guerra mondiale al secondo dopoguerra (1915–1950) – Sereni Ada |url=https://www.150anni.it/webi/index.php?s=59&amp;wid=2090 |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=www.150anni.it}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta T. Mamiani a Roma, inda ta sadu da Enzo Sereni, wanda ya riga ya kasance mai aiki a cikin ƙungiyar Zionist.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt; Sun yi aure a 1925 yana da shekaru 20 lokacin da Enzo ta sami digiri a fannin falsafa daga Jami'ar Roma; Ada ta watsar da digiri a fannonin sunadarai.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ada Ascarelli Sereni |url=http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/sereni-ada |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=Jewish Women's Archive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 1926 sun sanar da iyalansu cewa suna ƙaura zuwa Isra'ila, suna yin hakan a watan Fabrairun 1927 tare da jaririnsu Hannah (an haife ta a ranar 4 ga Yuli, 1926), suna zaune a Rehovot. Sun kasance daga cikin Italiyanci na farko da suka yi ƙaura (make Aliyah) zuwa Isra'ila.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;/&gt;

=== Ka ƙaura zuwa Isra'ila da Givat Brenner ===
Sereni ta sami ƙaura zuwa Rehovot da wahala sosai, tana magana da su a matsayin &quot;mafi munin lokaci a rayuwarta. &quot; 'yar ta biyu Hagar (an haife ta a ranar 2 ga Yuli, 1927) kuma Yayinda Enzo ke aiki a gonakin, Ada ta zauna a gida tana kula da' ya'yansu mata biyu, 'yar ta uku, Hagar (ya haife ta 2 ga Yuli), an haife ta ne a Isra'ila.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;/&gt;

A watan Yunin 1928, bisa ga jagorancin Sereni, ita da iyalinta sun shiga kungiyar da ta kafa Givat Brenner, daya daga cikin manyan Kibbutzes na Isra'ila.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;/&gt; An haifi ɗanta Daniel (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Maris, 1931) a can.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;/&gt;
[[Fayil:1944-_סרני_מצטלם_לפני_יציאתו_לשליחות_באירופה-_מימין_לשמאל-_דניאל_עדה_ה_btm4779.jpeg|thumb|Iyalin Sereni da aka ɗauka kafin Enzo ya tafi aiki a Turai: Daga dama zuwa hagu: Daniel, Ada, Hagar da Ancho Serni, 1944]]
Duk da yake Kibbutz ba shi da kayan aiki (an ɗauki ruwa a kan jaki), Sereni ya saba da rayuwa a can. Ta zama darektan ruwan 'ya'yan itace da kuma adanawa.[1][2][3] A shekara ta 1931 ta haifi ɗanta na uku, ɗa mai suna Daniel . A cikin shekarun 1930, iyalin sun shiga Enzo a kan manufofi da yawa a madadin kibbutz da ƙungiyar Zionist zuwa Italiya, Jamus, da Amurka.[2] Yayinda yake a New York, Sereni ya shirya wani yanki na matasa Isra'ila majagaba da malamai, duk suna zaune a cikin gida ɗaya tare da iyalansu.[1]

A cikin 1944, Enzo, ba tare da son Sereni ba, ya ba da kansa don zuwa bayan abokan gaba a Italiya don yin hulɗa da Yahudawa da suka tsira a can. A cewar Ada:

== Manazarta ==
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1997]]
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    <title>Æthelburg na Wessex</title>
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'''Æthelburg''' (kuma '''Æthelburh''' ko '''Ethelburga''' ) (kimanin 673–740) ita ce Sarauniyar Wessex ta hanyar auren Sarki Ine na Wessex . Wataƙila ta fi shahara saboda abin da ta aikata a shekara ta 722, lokacin da ta lalata sansanin Taunton (wanda Ine ta gina) a ƙoƙarin neman ɗan tawayen Ealdbert . 

== Rayuwa ==
An haifi Æthelburg a kusan shekara ta 673. Ita ce matar Sarki Ine na Wessex . Wasu masana tarihi suna ɗaukar Æthelburg a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin jaruman mata 'yan Anglo-Saxon. 

A shekara ta 722, Æthelburg ta ƙone birnin Taunton, wani birni da Ine ta gina. [1] Ine da kanta ba ta nan a lokacin, tana yaƙi da Saxons na Kudu. [2] Ba a fayyace ainihin dalilin Æthelburg na ƙona birnin ba, amma ko dai tana ƙoƙarin nemo ɗan tawayen Ealdbert ko kuma tana ƙoƙarin hana 'yan tawayen kwace Taunton. [3] A cewar Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Ealdbert &quot;ya yi yawo a Surrey da Sussex&quot; saboda wannan. [2] Mijin Æthelburg Ine zai kashe Ealdbert bayan shekaru uku. [2]

A shekara ta 726, Æthelburg ta yi aikin hajji zuwa [[Rum|Roma]] tare da mijinta Sarki Ine na Wessex wanda ya sauka daga karagar mulki, bai bar wani magaji a fili ba.  Dukansu Æthelburg da Sarki Ine sun mutu a Roma.

== Gado ==
Æthelburg wani mutum ne da aka nuna a cikin shirin Judy Chicago mai ''suna The Dinner Party'', wanda aka wakilta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin sunaye 999 a kan ''Heritage Floor'' . A cikin ''Bikin Cin Abinci,'' halin Æthelburg a zahiri haɗin Æthelburg na Wessex da Æthelburg na Kent ne, wanda galibi ana rikita ta da shi. Ana danganta ta da wurin da Theodora ke zaune.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Aethel&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=Aethelburg |url=http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/heritage_floor/aethelburg.php |access-date=16 December 2011 |website=Elizabeth A. Sackler Center for Feminist Art: The Dinner Party: Heritage Floor: Aethelburg |publisher=[[Brooklyn Museum]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aethelburg |url=https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/heritage_floor/aethelburg |access-date=2023-05-25 |website=www.brooklynmuseum.org |language=en |archive-date=2017-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040251/https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/heritage_floor/aethelburg |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Æthelburg da Ine dukkansu haruffa ne na hangen nesa a cikin littafin Lucy Holland ''mai suna Song Of The Huntress'' . 

== Duba kuma ==

* Gidan bishiyar iyali ta Wessex

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Árni Böðvarsson</title>
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'''Árni Böðvarsson''' (15 ga Mayu, 1924 - 1 ga Satumba, 1992) malamin Icelandic ne, [[Nahawu|masanin ilimin lissafi]], kuma editan ƙamus. Ya shirya ƙamus na farko na Icelandic, ya haɗu da ƙamus na Rasha-Icelandic, kuma ya kasance Esperantist, editan ƙamus na Icelandico-Esperanto, memba na dogon lokaci na Ƙungiyar Esperanto ta Duniya (UEA), wanda ya kafa ƙungiyar Esperanto ta [[Reykjavik|Reykjavík]], kuma sakataren Ƙungiyar Esperantu ta Icelandic.

== Rayuwa da aiki ==
An haifi Árni a Hvolreppur a Rangárvallasýsla, ɗaya daga cikin yara biyar. Ya kasance mai ilimi mai zaman kansa, ya ɗauki jarrabawar barin makaranta a Menntaskólinn a Reykjavík a 1945, sannan ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Iceland, inda ya sami cand.mag . a cikin karatun Icelandic a cikin 1950 da kuma cancantar koyarwa a cikin 1953. &lt;ref name=&quot;linguist&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Höfundatal: Árni Böðvarsson, 1924–1992 |url=http://málfræði.is/hofundur.php?id=10 |access-date=August 17, 2016 |publisher=Íslenska Málfræðifélagið |language=Icelandic }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga 1955 zuwa 1957 ya kasance malami mai ziyara a cikin Icelandic a Jami'o'in Bergen da Oslo, yayin da yake nazarin tarihin Norwegian da Norwegian dialectology. A shekara ta 1980 ya kammala digiri a fannin yaren yara da Bulgarian a Jami'ar Uppsala . &lt;ref name=&quot;MBL&quot; /&gt;

Ya koyar a makarantu da kwalejoji da yawa, ciki har da Jami'ar Ilimi ta Iceland, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Cikin Gida ta Iceland (daga 1968 zuwa 1987), da Kwalejin Hamrahlið, inda ya koyar daga 1968 zuwa 1984  kuma ya kasance babban mai kula da ɗakin karatu daga 1970. Ya kuma yi aiki na shekaru da yawa ga mai watsa shirye-shiryen ƙasa, RÚV, yana samar da wani sashi mai taken Daglegt mál (Maganar yau da kullun) na shekaru da dama, yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na farko daga 1984, kuma yana gyara littafin cikin gida akan harshe, ''Tungutaks.''&lt;ref name=&quot;linguist&quot;/&gt;

== Esperanto ==
Árni ya kasance memba na Ƙungiyar Esperanto ta Duniya na shekaru da yawa kuma wakili ne mai ƙwarewa a [[ilimin harsuna|ilimin harshe]]. Ya kafa kungiyar Esperanto ta Reykjavík, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin sakataren kungiyar Esperanto Association ta Iceland. Ya shirya 1965 ''Íslenzk-Esperanto orđabók / Islanda-Esperanta vortaro'' (Icelandic-Esperantu Dictionary) wanda Baldvin B. Skaftfell ya tattara kuma ya rubuta wani ɗan littafin a Esperanto akan harshen Icelandic. Ya kasance memba na Kwamitin Majalisa na Ƙasa don Taron Esperanto na Duniya na 62 da aka gudanar a Reykjavík a cikin 1977 kuma, shekaru da yawa, memba na kwamiti don, gasar adabi ta UEA.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1924]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abia Angels FC</title>
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'''Abia Angels Football Club''' kungiya ce ta Kwallon ƙafa na mata ta Najeriya wacce ke zaune a [[Umuahia]], [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]] kuma tana taka leda a gasar Firimiya ta NWFL.

== Tarihi ==
[[Abiya|Gwamnatin Jihar Abia]] ce ta kafa kulob din a matsayin Abia Queens.&lt;ref name=&quot;Enyimba&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2025 |title=Open letter to Governor Alex Otti on the poor structure at Abia Angels |url=https://www.futbalgallore.com/2025/08/07/open-letter-to-governor-alex-otti-on-the-poor-structure-at-abia-angels/ |website=futbalgallore.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun fara fafatawa a rukuni na biyu a kakar 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria Women 2014 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nig-wom2014.html |access-date=28 March 2026 |website=rsssf.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2015, sun sami ci gaba zuwa saman jirgin, sannan kocin Roland Gbaruku ya jagoranci, bayan sun lashe Pro-League, kashi na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 October 2015 |title=Ikpeazu's wife lauds Abia Angels |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/ikpeazus-wife-lauds-abia-angels/ |website=The Guardian Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2021, sun tsere wa sakewa bayan sun kammala na biyu a cikin wasannin sakewa.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 May 2021 |title=Pelican Stars, Abia Angels survive relegation |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2021/05/12/pelican-stars-abia-angels-survive-relegation/ |website=This Day Live}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.thisdaylive.com/2021/05/12/pelican-stars-abia-angels-survive-relegation/ &quot;Pelican Stars, Abia Angels survive relegation&quot;]. ''This Day Live''. 12 May 2021.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria Women 2020/21 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nig-wom2021.html#:~:text=Promotion%20Playoff%202021-,NWFL%20Premiership%202020/21,Other%20Cup%20Tournaments |access-date=28 March 2026 |website=rsssf.org}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nig-wom2021.html#:~:text=Promotion%20Playoff%202021-,NWFL%20Premiership%202020/21,Other%20Cup%20Tournaments &quot;Nigeria Women 2020/21&quot;]. ''rsssf.org''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 March&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Su ne kawai kulob din kwallon kafa daga [[Kudu ta Yamma (Najeriya)|kudu maso gabashin Najeriya]] a halin yanzu a cikin [[Gasar Firimiya ta Mata ta Najeriya|Firayim Minista na NWFL]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2025 |title=Open letter to Governor Alex Otti on the poor structure at Abia Angels |url=https://www.futbalgallore.com/2025/08/07/open-letter-to-governor-alex-otti-on-the-poor-structure-at-abia-angels/ |website=futbalgallore.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A halin yanzu Mario Eshalomi ne ke gudanar da su. Tsohon dan kasar Najeriya mai suna [[Adanna Nwaneri]] ne ya jagoranci su a baya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 July 2024 |title=NWFL:Abia Angels unveil Adanna Gloria as new coach |url=https://en.africatopsports.com/2024/07/25/nwfl-abia-angels-unveil-adanna-gloria-as-new-coach/ |website=Africa Top Sports |access-date=31 March 2026 |archive-date=27 April 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260427120033/https://en.africatopsports.com/2024/07/25/nwfl-abia-angels-unveil-adanna-gloria-as-new-coach/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://en.africatopsports.com/2024/07/25/nwfl-abia-angels-unveil-adanna-gloria-as-new-coach/ &quot;NWFL:Abia Angels unveil Adanna Gloria as new coach&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260427120033/https://en.africatopsports.com/2024/07/25/nwfl-abia-angels-unveil-adanna-gloria-as-new-coach/ |date=2026-04-27 }}. ''Africa Top Sports''. 25 July 2024.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

==Manzarta==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Kungiyoyi ]] 
[[Category:Kungiyoyin Kwallon Kafa]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zazi Sadou</title>
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Zazi Sadou ƙwararriyar mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata ce ta ƙasar Algeria. A lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na ƙasar Algeria, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai magana da yawun ƙungiyar fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata ta ƙasar Algeria daga 1993 zuwa 2004 a matsayin wadda ta kafa ƙungiyar Rassemblement Algérien des Femmes Démocrates (RAFD), memba a Kwamitin Kasa na Yaƙi da Mantawa da Cin Amana kuma memba da ta kafa Majalisar Matan Dimokuradiyya ta Algeria (AADW).

== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
Sadou ta kafa ƙungiyar Rassemblement Algérien des Femmes Democrats (RAFD), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-10-19 |title=Zazi sadou : le combat féministe en Algérie |url=https://www.canalsud.net/spip.php?article3593 |access-date=2026-01-09 |website=Canal Sud |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; ta kasance memba a Kwamitin Ƙasa na Yaƙi da Mantawa da Cin Amana,  kuma ta kasance memba a Majalisar Matan Dimokuraɗiyya ta Algeria (AADW). &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2005 |title=Zazi Sadou |url=https://1000peacewomen.org/en/network/1000-peacewomen/zazi-sadou-33 |access-date=2026-01-09 |website=PeaceWomen Across the Globe |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta shirya tarurrukan mata a Algeria &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Khelifi |first=Ghania |date=2021-01-06 |title=Feminism in Algeria: a brief overview |url=https://medfeminiswiya.net/2021/01/06/feminism-in-algeria-a-brief-overview/?lang=en |access-date=2026-01-09 |website=Medfeminiswiya |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1995-02-03 |title=Zazi Sadou: un grand moment d'émotion |url=https://www.humanite.fr/-/-/zazi-sadou-un-grand-moment-demotion |access-date=2026-01-09 |website=L'Humanité |language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ta yi rubutu a jaridar Aljeriya ta ''El Watan'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Benoune |first=Karima |date=2018-07-06 |title=“Our Ancestors Would Have Killed All These Women:” The Meanings of Jihadist Rape in 1990s Algeria |url=https://www.boundary2.org/2018/07/karima-benoune-our-ancestors-would-have-killed-all-these-women-the-meanings-of-jihadist-rape-in-1990s-algeria-english/ |access-date=2026-01-09 |website=b2o: boundary 2 online |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; An yi mata barazanar kisa daga masu tsattsauran ra'ayi saboda fafutukarta. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

A matsayinta na mai magana da yawun RAFD daga 1993 zuwa 2004,   &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-04-25 |title=Zazi Sadou: &quot;Nuestro corazón palpita de nuevo&quot; |url=https://ecuadortoday.media/2019/04/25/zazi-sadou-nuestro-corazon-palpita-de-nuevo/ |access-date=2026-01-09 |website=EcuadorToday |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sadou ta tattara shaidar mata da suka tsira daga tashin hankalin da kungiyar Musulunci mai makamai ta Aljeriya ta aikata a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Aljeriya|yakin basasar Aljeriya]], wadanda suka hada da sace mutane, [[fyade]] da azabtarwa.  A kasashen duniya, ta gabatar da shaidar ga manema labarai na duniya &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;   da [[Mary Robinson]], [[Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Ƴancin Dan Adam|babbar kwamishinar kare hakkin dan adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Carroll |first=Joe |title=Robinson says violence in Algeria is intolerable |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/robinson-says-violence-in-algeria-is-intolerable-1.119392 |access-date=2026-01-09 |website=[[The Irish Times]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ta halarci taruka tare da Michel Tubiana, shugaban [[Kungiyar 'Yancin Dan Adam (Faransa)|kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam]] ta Faransa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2003-12-16 |title=Des futurs plus humains, un enjeu fortement politique |url=https://www.humanite.fr/medias/assises-et-agoras-de-lhumanite/des-futurs-plus-humains-un-enjeu-fortement-politique |access-date=2026-01-09 |website=L'Humanité |language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kuma yi amfani da shaidar da Sadou ta tattara a cikin ''Rahoton Inuwa game da Aljeriya'', wanda aka gabatar wa Kwamitin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] [[Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da dukkan nau'o'in nuna bambanci ga mata|kan Kawar da Wariya ga Mata]] (CEDAW) ta Cibiyar Shari'ar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Mata ta Duniya da kuma cibiyar hadin kan Mata da ke Rayuwa a karkashin Dokokin Musulmi (WLUML) a shekarar 1999.  A shekarar 2000, RAFD ta kafa &quot;Lambar Yabo ta Mata Masu Ra'ayin Kariya Kan Tsarin Mulki da Oblivion&quot; ga matan da ke adawa da tsattsauran ra'ayi . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-02-03 |title=ALGERIA: When Women's Human Rights Defenders Face Political Non-state Actors |url=https://peacewomen.org/content/algeria-when-womens-human-rights-defenders-face-political-non-state-actors |access-date=2026-01-09 |website=PeaceWomen |language=en |archive-date=2026-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260218141718/https://peacewomen.org/content/algeria-when-womens-human-rights-defenders-face-political-non-state-actors |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Lalande |first=Aude |date=2006-01-08 |title=le refus |url=https://vacarme.org/article556.html |journal=Uproar |language=fr |volume=34 |pages=175–176 |access-date=2026-01-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kyaututtuka ==
A shekarar 1997, ƙungiyar Women, Law and Development International (WLDI) ta ba Sadou kyautar 'Yancin Dan Adam. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1997-10-23 |title=Zazi Sadou: «Les clés de la solution sont chez nous» |url=https://www.humanite.fr/-/-/zazi-sadou-les-cles-de-la-solution-sont-chez-nous |access-date=2026-01-09 |website=L'Humanité |language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2005, an nada Sadou a matsayin lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Nobel 1000 Women a faɗin duniya (PWAG). &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt; 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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    <title>2016 a Najeriya</title>
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Wadannan sun lissafa abubuwan da suka faru a shekarar '''2016 a [[Najeriya]]'''.

== Wadanda ke aiki ==

=== Gwamnatin Tarayya ===

* Shugaba: [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Mataimakin shugaban Kasar Najeriya|Mataimakin Shugaban kasa]]: [[Yemi Osinbajo]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Shugaban Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya|Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa]]: [[Bukola Saraki]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* Kakakin majalisar: [[Yakubu Dogara]] (APC) 
* [[Shugaban Alƙalan Alƙalai na Najeriya|Babban Mai Shari'a]]: [[Mahmud Mohammed]] (Har zuwa 10 ga Nuwamba) 

=== Gwamnoni ===

* Jihar Abia: [[Okezie Ikpeazu]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) 
* [[Jerin Gwamnonin Jihar Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]]: [[Bindo Jibrilla]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin sunayen gwamnonin jihar Akwa Ibom|Jihar Akwa Ibom]]: [[Udom Gabriel Emmanuel|Udom Emmanuel]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) 
* [[Jerin Gwamnonin Jihar Anambra|Jihar Anambra]]: [[Willie Obiano]] ([[All Progressives Grand Alliance|APGA]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwanonin Jihar Bauchi|Jihar Bauchi]]: [[Mohammed Abdullahi Abubakar|M. A. Abubakar]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin sunayen Gwamnoni jihar Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]]: [[Henry Dickson]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwanonin Jihar Benue|Jihar Benue]]: [[Samuel Ortom]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Borno|Jihar Borno]]: [[Kashim Shettima]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* Jihar Cross River: [[Benedict Ayade|Ben Ayade]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) 
* Jihar Delta: [[Arthur Okowa Ifeanyi|Ifeanyi Okowa]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) 
* Jihar Ebonyi: [[David Umahi|Dave Umahi]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) 
* Jihar Edo: [[Adams Oshiomhole|Adams A. Oshiomhole]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) (har zuwa 12 ga Nuwamba); [[Godwin Obaseki]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) (farawa 12 ga Nu Nuwamba) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Ekiti|Jihar Ekiti]]: [[Ayodele Fayose|Ayo Fayose]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Enugu|Jihar Enugu]]: [[Ifeanyi Ugwuanyi]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Gombe|Jihar Gombe]]: [[Ibrahim Hassan Dankwambo|Ibrahim Dankwambo]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) 
* Jihar Imo: Rochas Okorocha ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Jigawa|Jihar Jigawa]]: [[Mohammed Badaru Abubakar|Badaru Abubakar]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Kaduna|Jihar Kaduna]]: [[Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai|Nasir el-Rufai]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Kano|Jihar Kano]]: [[Abdullahi Umar Ganduje|Umar Ganduje]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Katsina|Jihar Katsina]]: [[Aminu Bello Masari|Aminu Masari]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwanonin Jihar kebbi|Jihar Kebbi]]: [[Abubakar Atiku Bagudu]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Kogi|Jihar Kogi]]: [[Idris Wada]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) (har zuwa 27 ga Janairu); [[Yahaya Bello]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) (farawa 27 ga Janairun) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Kwara|Jihar Kwara]]: [[Abdulfatah Ahmed]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin gwamnonin Lagos|Jihar Legas]]: [[Akinwunmi Ambode|Akinwumi Ambode]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Gwamnonin Jihar Nasarawa|Jihar Nasarawa]]: [[Umaru Tanko Al-Makura|Umaru Al-Makura]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Niger|Jihar Nijar]]: [[Abubakar Sani Bello]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Ogun|Jihar Ogun]]: [[Ibikunle Amosun]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* Jihar Ondo: [[Olusegun Mimiko]] ([[Nigeria Labour Party|LP]]) 
* Jihar Osun: [[Rauf Aregbesola]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Oyo.|Jihar Oyo]]: [[Abiola Ajimobi]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* Jihar Filayen: [[Simon Bako Lalong|Simon Lalong]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* Jihar Rivers: [[Ezenwo Wike|Ezenwo Nyesom Wike]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) 
* [[Jerin Gwamnonin Jahar Sokoto|Jihar Sokoto]]: [[Aminu Waziri Tambuwal|Aminu Tambuwal]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwanonin Jihar Taraba|Jihar Taraba]]: [[Darius Ishaku]] ([[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]) 
* [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin Jihar Yobe|Jihar Yobe]]: [[Ibrahim Gaidam|Ibrahim Geida]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 
* [[Jerin Gwamnonin Jihar Zamfara|Jihar Zamfara]]: [[Abdul'aziz Abubakar Yari|Abdul-aziz Yari Abubakar]] ([[All Progressives Congress|APC]]) 

== Abubuwan da suka faru ==

* Janairu - Tattalin arzikin Najeriya ya yi kwangila 1.5%, karo na farko da ya ragu a cikin shekaru 25 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria's economy shrinks in 2016 for first time in 25 years |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN1670U6/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 4 ga Janairu - [[Haliru Mohammed Bello]], tsohon Ministan Tsaro kuma manajan yakin neman zabe na tsohon Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]], an kama shi ne bisa zargin karkatar da kudi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=5 January 2016|title=Nigeria's ex-Defence minister arraigned for money laundering|publisher=Star Africa|url=http://en.starafrica.com/news/nigerias-ex-defence-minister-arraigned-for-money-laundering.html|access-date=6 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304113942/http://en.starafrica.com/news/nigerias-ex-defence-minister-arraigned-for-money-laundering.html|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 Janairu - 'yan bindiga na [[Boko Haram]] sun harbe mutane 7 kuma sun kone gidaje 10 a [[Madagali]], [[Adamawa]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.enca.com/africa/7-killed-nigeria-attack 7 killed in Nigeria attack] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203143922/https://www.enca.com/africa/7-killed-nigeria-attack |date=2016-02-03 }} ENCA&lt;/ref&gt; 
* 11 ga Fabrairu - Mutane biyu da aka gano a matsayin mata masu fashewa a sansanin da ke Dikwa, Borno. Lamarin ya haifar da asarar kusan rayuka 58 tsakanin mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu (IDPs). Bugu da ƙari, wani mutum, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin yarinya, ya yarda da hukumomin tsaro cewa ta guji aiwatar da irin wannan aikin kashe kansa bayan ta fahimci cewa danginta suna neman mafaka a sansanin.

* 11 Yuni - 12th Africa Movie Academy Awards ya faru a Port Harcourt .
* Yuli - Kwamitin bincike da gwamnatin jihar ta kafa ya ba da shawarar cewa sojoji da ke da alhakin mutuwar mambobi 347 na Shi'a Islamic Movement of Nigeria a Zaria, jihar Kaduna, a cikin Disamba 12-14, 2015, ya kamata su fuskanci tuhuma.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2016 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Nigeria |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2016-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/nigeria/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* 3-7 ga watan Agusta - An gudanar da Taron Editocin Najeriya a Port Harcourt .

* Oktoba - Gwamnatin Jihar Kaduna ta aiwatar da haramtacciyar haramtacciya a kan Ƙungiyar Musulunci a Najeriya (IMN), wanda ya haifar da irin wannan haramtacciyan haramtacciyu ga kungiyoyin Shia a jihohi huɗu na arewa. Daga baya, lokuta na tashin hankali da ya shafi taron jama'a da tilasta bin doka sun faru a lokacin ayyukan addinin Shia, wanda ya haifar da mutuwar tsakanin mambobin IMN a fadin jihohin Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Plateau, Sokoto, da Yobe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Human Rights Watch |title=Nigeria: Events of 2016 |date=2017-01-12 |work=Share this via Facebook |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2017/country-chapters/nigeria |access-date=2024-05-15 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* 29 ga Oktoba - Wadanda ake zargi da kai hare-hare na Boko Haram sun kashe akalla mutane tara a [[Maiduguri]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 October 2016 |title=WITNESSES: BOMB BLASTS KILL 9 IN NORTHEASTERN NIGERIAN CITY |url=http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/A/AF_NIGERIA_BOKO_HARAM_SUICIDE_BOMBS?SITE=AP&amp;SECTION=HOME&amp;TEMPLATE=DEFAULT |access-date=29 October 2016 |archive-date=29 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029175503/http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/A/AF_NIGERIA_BOKO_HARAM_SUICIDE_BOMBS?SITE=AP&amp;SECTION=HOME&amp;TEMPLATE=DEFAULT |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jerin fina-finan Najeriya na 2016|Jerin fina-finai na Najeriya na 2016]]

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:נעם1</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>علاء moved page [[Tattaunawar user:נעם12]] to [[Tattaunawar user:נעם1]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/נעם12|נעם12]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/נעם1|נעם1]]&quot;</comment>
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, נעם12! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/נעם12|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 19 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>1920 NC State Aggies kungiyar kwallon kafa</title>
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      <text bytes="6859" sha1="hjuta4x59uus2ey6sqfik54ejh437jn" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Jihar North Carolina ta 1920 ta kasance ƙungiyar [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka]] da ke wakiltar Jami'ar Jihar North North Carolina a Kudancin Atlantic Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SAIAA) a lokacin kakar wasan kwallon kafa ta kwaleji ta 1920. A kakar wasa ta biyu a karkashin kocin Bill Fetzer, kungiyar ta tara rikodin 7-3.

==Shiri==
{{CFB schedule

|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = September 25
| w/l = w
| opponent = [[1920 Davidson Wildcats football team|Davidson]]
| site_stadium = [[Riddick Stadium]]
| site_cityst = [[Raleigh, North Carolina|Raleigh, NC]]
| score = 23–0
| attend = 
| source = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=State's eleven beat Davidson|date=September 26, 1920|newspaper=The Charlotte News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/108847455/states-eleven-beat-davidson/|accessdate=September 3, 2022|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 2
| w/l = w
| nonconf = y
| away = y
| opponent = [[1920 Navy Midshipmen football team|Navy]]
| site_stadium = [[Worden Field]]
| site_cityst = [[Annapolis, Maryland|Annapolis, MD]]
| score = 14–7
| attend = 
| source = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-york-herald-navy-defeated-by-tar-hee/150728415/|work=New York Herald|title=Navy defeated by Tar Heel eleven|date=October 3, 1920|accessdate=July 5, 2024|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 9
| w/l = l
| away = y
| opponent = [[1920 Georgetown Blue and Gray football team|Georgetown]]
| site_stadium = [[Griffith Stadium|American League Park]]
| site_cityst = [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]]
| score = 0–27
| attend = 
| source = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-roanoke-times-georgetown-gets-best-o/150728558/|work=The Roanoke Times|title=Georgetown gets best of N.C. State|date=October 10, 1920|accessdate=July 5, 2024|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-post-gu-defeats-tarheel/189827378/|work=The Washington Post|title=G.U. defeats Tarheels|date=October 10, 1920|accessdate=January 25, 2026|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 16
| w/l = l
| nonconf = y
| away = y
| opponent = [[1920 Penn State Nittany Lions football team|Penn State]]
| site_stadium = [[New Beaver Field]]
| site_cityst = [[University Park, Pennsylvania|University Park, PA]]
| score = 0–41
| attend = 3,500
| source = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-pittsburgh-press-carolinans-no-match/150728698/|work=The Pittsburgh Press|title=Carolinans no match for Penn State|date=October 17, 1920|accessdate=July 5, 2024|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 21
| w/l = w
| opponent = [[1920 North Carolina Tar Heels football team|North Carolina]]
| site_stadium = Riddick Stadium
| site_cityst = Raleigh, NC
| gamename = [[North Carolina–NC State football rivalry|rivalry]]
| score = 13–3
| attend = 8,000
| source = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-atlanta-journal-north-carolina-state/150728850/|work=The Atlanta Journal|title=North Carolina Staters defeat University, 13–3|date=October 22, 1920|accessdate=July 5, 2024|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 30
| w/l = l
| away = y
| opponent = [[1920 VMI Keydets football team|VMI]]
| site_stadium = VMI Parade Ground
| site_cityst = [[Lexington, Virginia|Lexington, VA]]
| score = 0–14
| attend = 
| source = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-and-advance-flying-cadets-defea/150729079/|work=The Lynchburg News|title=Flying Cadets defeat State|date=October 31, 1920|accessdate=July 5, 2024|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 6
| w/l = w
| opponent = [[1920 William &amp; Mary Indians football team|William &amp; Mary]]
| site_stadium = Riddick Stadium
| site_cityst = Raleigh, NC
| score = 81–0
| attend = 
| source = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-and-observer-state-overwhelms-w/150729334/|work=The News and Observer|title=State overwhelms William and Mary|date=November 7, 1920|accessdate=July 5, 2024|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 11
| time = 3:00 p.m.
| w/l = w
| neutral = y
| opponent = [[1920 VPI Gobblers football team|VPI]]
| site_stadium = League Park
| site_cityst = [[Norfolk, Virginia|Norfolk, VA]]
| score = 14–6
| attend = 5,000
| source = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Virginia Tech Succumbs Before Tarheel Attack|url=http://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&amp;d=RTD19201112.1.10&amp;e=------192-en-20--1-byDA.rev-txt-txIN-foot+ball----1920--#|publisher=Library of Virginia|newspaper=[[Richmond Times-Dispatch]]|date=November 12, 1920|page=10|access-date=December 14, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 20
| w/l = w
| nonconf = y
| opponent = {{cfb link|year=1920|team=Wofford Terriers|title=Wofford}}
| site_stadium = Riddick Stadium
| site_cityst = Raleigh, NC
| score = 90–7
| attend = 
| source = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-charlotte-news-staters-bested-woffor/150729469/|work=The Charlotte News|title=Staters bested Wofford eleven in easy fashion|date=November 21, 1920|accessdate=July 5, 2024|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 25
| w/l = w
| nonconf = y
| away = y
| opponent = [[1920 Wake Forest Baptists football team|Wake Forest]]
| site_stadium = 
| site_cityst = [[Wake Forest, North Carolina|Wake Forest, NC]]
| gamename = [[NC State–Wake Forest rivalry|rivalry]]
| score = 49–7
| attend = 
| source = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=State College Runs Away From Ancient Rivals By Score 49-7|newspaper=The News and Observer|date=November 26, 1920|page=9|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/36881181/state_college_runs_away_from_ancient/|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
}}
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2016 NC State Football Media Guide|publisher=North Carolina State University|access-date=April 14, 2020|year=2016|pages=123, 129|url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/sidearm.sites/gopack.com/documents/2016/7/25/2016MediaGuide_InsidePages.pdf|archive-date=April 1, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401165542/https://s3.amazonaws.com/sidearm.sites/gopack.com/documents/2016/7/25/2016MediaGuide_InsidePages.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=1920 Football Schedule|publisher=North Carolina State University|access-date=April 14, 2020|url=https://gopack.com/sports/football/schedule/1920}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=1920 North Carolina State Wolfpack Schedule and Results|publisher=Sports Reference LLC|work=SR/College Football|accessdate=July 5, 2024|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/schools/north-carolina-state/1920-schedule.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zaki Kaak</title>
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'''Lion Kaak''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Yuni 1991) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan]] ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar Vierde Divisie MASV .

== Aikin kulob ==
Kaak ya buga wasa a matsayin matashi a Pax Hengelo sannan ya koma ƙungiyar De Graafschap ta Eredivisie a shekara ta 2001. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 March 2011 |title=Eigen volk komt een keer eerst op de Vijverberg |url=https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/eigen-volk-komt-een-keer-eerst-op-de-vijverberg~bcc801c2/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[de Volkskrant]] |language=Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya ci gaba ta tsarin matasa har sai da aka ɗaukaka shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko a shekara ta 2009. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Kaak ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar, a ranar 13 ga Maris 2011 a wasan gida da ADO Den Haag, inda ya maye gurbin Gregor Breinburg . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 March 2011 |title=Debutant Kaak: &quot;Dit is echt top&quot; |url=http://www.soccernews.nl/news/116907/debutant-kaak-dit-is-echt-top |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=www.soccernews.nl |language=Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Yunin 2012, Kaak ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da AGOVV . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dusseldorp |first=Wout |date=18 June 2012 |title=Lion Kaak gaat naar AGOVV |url=https://www.gelderlander.nl/de-graafschap/lion-kaak-gaat-naar-agovv~a96f7252/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=De Gelderlander |language=Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan watanni shida, a watan Janairun 2013, kulob din ya fadi warwas kuma ya koma Go Ahead Eagles kyauta har zuwa karshen kakar wasa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 January 2013 |title=AGOVV failliet verklaard |url=https://www.ad.nl/nederlands-voetbal/agovv-failliet-verklaard~a0369590/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[Algemeen Dagblad]] |language=Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 February 2013 |title=Clubloze Kaak maakt seizoen af bij Go Ahead |url=https://www.fcupdate.nl/voetbalnieuws/228675/clubloze-kaak-maakt-seizoen-af-bij-go-ahead/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=www.fcupdate.nl |language=Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin bazara na 2013, ya yi atisaye tare da tsohuwar kungiyarsa, De Graafschap. A watan Yulin 2013, Kaak ya sanya hannu da kungiyar Valencia CF Mestalla ta Spain, kungiyar da ke karkashin kulawar [[Valencia CF|Valencia CF.]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 July 2013 |title=Lion Kaak tekent contract bij Valencia |url=https://www.rtvoost.nl/nieuws/168089/Lion-Kaak-tekent-contract-bij-Valencia |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=RTV Oost |language=Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Torres |first=David |date=26 June 2019 |title=Todos los holandeses de la historia del Valencia CF |url=https://eldesmarque.com/valencia/valencia-cf/198142-jasper-cillesen-y-todos-los-holandeses-de-la-historia-del-valencia-cf |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=El Desmarque |language=Spanish |archive-date=18 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191118062202/https://eldesmarque.com/valencia/valencia-cf/198142-jasper-cillesen-y-todos-los-holandeses-de-la-historia-del-valencia-cf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kuma yi atisaye sau da dama tare da kungiyar farko ta Valencia kuma a ranar wasan karshe na kakar wasa ta 2013-14, ya zauna a benci. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Arastell |first=J.M. |date=16 May 2014 |title=Lion Kaak es la sorpresa para el partido ante el Celta |url=https://www.superdeporte.es/valencia/2014/05/16/lion-kaak-sorpresa-partido-celta/225434.html |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[Super Deporte]] |language=Spanish}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Valencia vs. Celta Vigo - 17 May 2014 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2014/05/17/spain/primera-division/valencia-club-de-futbol/real-club-celta-de-vigo/1518026/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=int.soccerway.com |publisher=Perform Group}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da haka, bai buga wasa ba.

A shekarar 2014, ya koma Netherlands, inda ya fara bugawa kungiyar Eerste Divisie ta Achilles '29 wasa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Loef |first=Marco |date=3 August 2014 |title=Achilles'29 legt Lion Kaak vast |url=https://www.omroepgelderland.nl/nieuws/2065594/Achilles-29-legt-Lion-Kaak-vast |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Omroep Gelderland |language=Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wasan farko na gasar a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta da Jong PSV (rashin nasara a waje da 0-2), Kaak ya fara buga wasa a farkon jerin 'yan wasa, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Blokland |first=Bastiaan |date=9 August 2014 |title=Achilles verliest seizoensopening van Jong PSV |url=https://www.omroepgelderland.nl/nieuws/2066077/Achilles-verliest-seizoensopening-van-Jong-PSV |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Omroep Gelderland |language=Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt; inda zai ci gaba da zama a cikin watanni masu zuwa. A ranar 1 ga Disamba, ya taimaka wa [[Mehmet Dingil]] daga bugun kusurwa da ya buga wa FC Volendam . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 December 2014 |title=Hoofdrol Zivkovic, Sparta morst in Limburg |url=https://www.vi.nl/nieuws/hoofdrol-zivkovic-sparta-morst-in-limburg |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[Voetbal International]] |language=Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saboda ya buga wa Achilles '29 wasa a matsayin mai son wasa, ya sami damar sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar canja wuri kyauta tare da kungiyarsa ta yara, De Graafschap, a watan Janairun 2015, kan kwantiragin shekara daya da rabi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 January 2015 |title=Lion Kaak terug naar De Graafschap |url=https://www.degraafschap.nl/nieuws/lion-kaak-terug-naar-de-graafschap/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=[[De Graafschap]] |language=Dutch }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 27 ga Janairun 2015, Kaak ya koma kulob din a hukumance a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa na minti 83 a wasan da suka yi nasara a kan SC Telstar da ci 2-0. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Telstar vs. De Graafschap - 27 January 2015 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/01/27/netherlands/eerste-divisie/stormvogels-telstar-combinatie/bv-de-graafschap/1691507/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=int.soccerway.com |publisher=Perform Group}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A lokacin bazara na 2017, Kaak ya koma FC Oss, wanda ya zama TOP Oss daga 1 ga Yuli 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 June 2017 |title=Lion Kaak voor twee seizoenen naar FC Oss |url=https://www.regio8.nl/lion-kaak-voor-twee-seizoenen-naar-fc-oss/content/item?962661 |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Regio8 |language=Dutch }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FC Oss wordt weer TOP Oss! |url=http://www.fcoss.nl/nieuws/laatste-nieuws/1185-fc-oss-wordt-weer-top-oss |access-date=3 November 2017 |website=www.fcoss.nl |language=nl}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2019, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiragi, wanda zai ci gaba da kasancewa a Oss har zuwa 2022. &lt;ref name=&quot;top2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Daniels |first=Daan |date=22 March 2019 |title=Lion Kaak drie jaar langer bij TOP Oss |url=https://www.bd.nl/top-oss/lion-kaak-drie-jaar-langer-bij-top-oss~a8423db5/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |publisher=Brabants Dagblad |language=Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 20 ga Yuni 2022, De Graafschap ya sanar da cewa Kaak zai koma kulob din a kakar wasa ta 2022-23, wanda hakan ya nuna karo na uku da ya yi a Doetinchem. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 June 2022 |title=Middenvelder Lion Kaak keert terug bij De Graafschap |url=https://www.degraafschap.nl/nieuws/middenvelder-lion-kaak-keert-terug-bij-de-graafschap |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622022742/https://www.degraafschap.nl/nieuws/middenvelder-lion-kaak-keert-terug-bij-de-graafschap |archive-date=22 June 2022 |access-date=22 June 2022 |website=De Graafschap |language=nl}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Mayun 2025, ya sanar da yin ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru. Kaak ya zaɓi ci gaba da aikinsa a matakin ɗan wasa tare da MASV a ƙungiyar Vierde Divisie, bayan da ya karɓi aiki tare da tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa De Graafschap a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar masu neman 'yan wasa matasa da kuma kocin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 15 a kakar wasa ta 2025-26. Saboda buƙatun wannan matsayi, shirin ƙaura zuwa Spakenburg - wanda ke fafatawa a matakin ƙwallon ƙafa ta 'yan wasa - bai cimma nasara ba. [1] [2] [3]

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Kaak ya wakilci Netherlands a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 16, inda ya samu damar fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan farko a wasan sada zumunci da Italiya a ranar 14 ga Maris 2007, kafin a maye gurbinsa da Cayfano Latupeirissa a minti na 58 bayan rashin nasara 2-1. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Italië O16 – Nederland O16 |url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/185191/uitslagen/wedstrijd/6274 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123213517/https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/185191/uitslagen/wedstrijd/6274 |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=5 March 2023 |website=OnsOranje}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Salon wasan ==
Kaak yana da ƙafar dama. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 April 2017 |title=Lion Kaak on Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/BTBED2rDmRH/ |website=instagram.com |quote=Samen alles geven voor de club!#mooiste club van NL!!!}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawanci yana wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya mai tsaron baya]] .  A lokacin da yake tare da TOP Oss, an siffanta shi a matsayin mutum mai ƙarfi a filin wasa wanda ke &quot;kare ƙa'idodi, dabi'u da tunanin ƙungiyar&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;top2&quot;/&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ürfan Abbasov</title>
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'''Ürfan Ağamehdi oğlu Abbasov''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1992) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na [[Azerbaijan|Azerbaijani]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin hagu na Araz-Naxçıvan a cikin Premier League na Azerbaijan, da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙasa ta Azerbaijan.

== Ayyuka ==

=== Kungiyar ===
A ranar 4 ga watan Yunin 2019, Abbasov ya bar Gabala FK ta hanyar yardar juna, bayan ya buga wasanni 220 a kulob din, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 June 2019 |title=Qəbələ Urfan Abbasovla yollarını ayırdı |url=http://gabalafc.az/az/xeber/qebele-urfan-abbasovla-yollarini-ayirdi-4456 |access-date=4 June 2019 |website=gabalafc.az/ |publisher=Gabala FK |language=az}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya sanya hannu ga Sabail FK. &lt;ref name=&quot;Sabail Sign Abbasov&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 June 2019 |title=@abbasov_34 ➡️#SBLFC ✔️ |url=https://www.facebook.com/SabailFC/videos/vb.1732087423706184/2114271772034056/?type=3&amp;theater |access-date=4 June 2019 |website=facebook.com |publisher=Sabail FK Facebook |language=az}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 9 ga Yuni 2021, Abbasov ya koma Gabala, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 June 2021 |title=Urfan Abbasov &quot;Qəbələ&quot;də |url=http://gabalafc.az/az/xeber/urfan-abbasov-qebele-de-5199 |access-date=11 June 2021 |website=gabalafc.az/ |publisher=Gabala FK |language=Azerbaijani}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 6 ga Yuni 2023, Abbasov ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa da Gabala na ƙarin shekaru biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 June 2023 |title=&quot;Qəbələ&quot;də dörd müqavilə |url=https://gabalafc.az/az/xeber/qebele-de-dord-muqavile-6199 |access-date=12 June 2023 |website=gabalafc.az |publisher=Gabala FK |language=Azerbaijani}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2024, Araz-Naxçıvan ta sanar da sanya hannu kan Abbasov zuwa kwangilar shekara guda don kakar 2024-25. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 May 2024 |title=Urfan Abbasov “Araz-Naxçıvan”da |url=https://arazpfk.com/xeber/928/ |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=arazpfk.com |publisher=Araz-Naxçıvan PFK |language=Azerbaijani }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasashen Duniya ===
A ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 2015 an kira Abbasov zuwa tawagar kasar Azerbaijan don wasan da suka yi da Moldova, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 November 2015 |title=Урфан Аббасов приглашен в сборную Азербайджана |url=http://1news.az/sport/azfootball/20151110123828888.html |access-date=18 November 2015 |website=1news.az/ |publisher=1news.az |language=ru}}&lt;/ref&gt; a lokacin da ya fara fitowa a matsayin mai maye gurbin Pavlo Pashayev na minti na 69.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 November 2015 |title=Азербайджан завершает год победой над Молдовой |url=http://azerisport.com/football/20151117101401702.html |access-date=18 November 2015 |website=azerisport.com/ |publisher=Azerisport |language=ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abbasov ya zira kwallaye na farko ga Azerbaijan a ranar 29 ga Mayu 2018, a cikin nasara 3-0 a wasan sada zumunci da Kyrgyzstan. &lt;ref name=&quot;Abbasov Azerbaijan Goal&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 May 2018 |title=Ürfan Abbasov Azərbaycan millisində ilk qolunu vurdu |url=http://gabalafc.az/az/xeber/urfan-abbasov-azerbaycan-millisinde-ilk-qolunu-vurdu-3868 |access-date=29 May 2018 |website=gabalafc.az |publisher=Gabala FK |language=az}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kididdigar aiki ==

=== Kungiyar ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Lokacin
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ƙungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kofin Kasa
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Yankin nahiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
|-
!Rarraba
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
|-
| rowspan=&quot;9&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; |Gabala
|2011–12
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; |Gasar Firimiya ta Azerbaijan
|12
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|14
|0
|-
|2012–13
|28
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|30
|0
|-
|2013–14
|21
|1
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|23
|1
|-
|2014–15
|25
|1
|3
|0
|1
|0
|29
|1
|-
|2015–16
|21
|0
|3
|0
|6
|0
|30
|0
|-
|2016–17
|20
|0
|5
|0
|5
|0
|30
|0
|-
|2017–18
|25
|0
|5
|0
|1
|0
|31
|0
|-
|2018–19
|25
|1
|5
|0
|2
|0
|32
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
!177
!3
!28
!0
!15
!0
!220
!3
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; |Sahabbai
|2019–20
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; |Gasar Firimiya ta Azerbaijan
|20
|0
|2
|0
|2
|0
|24
|0
|-
|2020–21
|27
|2
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|29
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
!47
!2
!4
!0
!2
!0
!53
!2
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; |Gabala
|2021–22
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; |Gasar Firimiya ta Azerbaijan
|26
|1
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|28
|1
|-
|2022–23
|14
|0
|5
|0
|0
|0
|19
|0
|-
|2023–24
|31
|1
|5
|1
|2
|0
|38
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
!71
!2
!12
!1
!2
!0
!85
!3
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Cikakken aikinsa
!297
!7
!44
!1
!19
!0
!360
!8
|}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ángel Di María</title>
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{{Databox}}
'''Ángel Fabián Di María Hernández''' (an haife shi ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 1988) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne daga ƙasar Argentina wanda yake taka leda a matsayin winga ko ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari. An san shi da saurin gudu, iya yin dribble, bayar da taimakon ƙwallaye da kuma ƙwarewarsa wajen ƙirƙirar damar cin ƙwallo ga abokan wasansa. Ana kallonsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun ‘yan wasan Argentina na zamaninsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ángel Di María profile |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/players/angel-di-maria |publisher=FIFA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An haifi Di María a birnin Rosario da ke lardin Santa Fe na Argentina. Tun yana ƙarami ya nuna ƙwarewa sosai a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, lamarin da ya sa iyayensa suka kai shi makarantar horas da ‘yan wasa ta El Torito kafin daga baya ya shiga makarantar matasa ta Rosario Central. A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa yana da yawan kuzari sosai, har likitoci suka ba iyayensa shawarar su sa shi yin wasanni domin rage yawan motsinsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The story of Ángel Di María |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Angel-Di-Maria |publisher=Britannica}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di María ya fara buga wa babbar ƙungiyar Rosario Central wasa a shekarar 2005. A lokacin yana ɗaya daga cikin matasan ‘yan wasan da suka fi burge magoya baya a gasar Argentina saboda saurin gudunsa da dabarunsa a gefen fili. Wasansa ya ja hankalin ƙungiyoyin Turai musamman Benfica ta Portugal wacce ta saya shi a shekarar 2007.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Di María joins Benfica |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11837/2314373/di-maria-joins-benfica |publisher=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A Benfica, Di María ya ci gaba da bunƙasa har ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi muhimmancin ‘yan wasan ƙungiyar. Ya taimaka wa Benfica ta lashe gasar Primeira Liga da kuma League Cup na Portugal. A wannan lokaci ne ya fara samun suna sosai a nahiyar Turai saboda salon wasansa mai kayatarwa da iya kai hari daga gefe.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Benfica stars Di María |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/01e5-0e74c1f7c5f-5c6d0b4d6e7d-1000--di-maria-shines-at-benfica/ |publisher=UEFA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2010, Real Madrid ta sayi Di María daga Benfica. A Madrid ya taka rawa sosai wajen taimaka wa ƙungiyar ƙarƙashin José Mourinho da kuma Carlo Ancelotti. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan ‘yan wasan da suka taimaka wa Real Madrid lashe gasar UEFA Champions League ta goma wato “La Décima” a shekarar 2014. A wasan ƙarshe da Atlético Madrid, an zaɓe shi a matsayin gwarzon wasa saboda rawar da ya taka wajen nasarar ƙungiyarsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Real Madrid win La Décima |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0215-0e8a0b5c8e5c-74b2a7d0e9fd-1000--real-madrid-win-la-decima/ |publisher=UEFA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan nasararsa a Spain, Di María ya koma Manchester United a shekarar 2014 kan kuɗi masu yawa wanda ya kafa tarihin sayen ɗan wasa mafi tsada a Ingila a lokacin. Ya fara rayuwarsa a Ingila da kyau inda ya nuna bajinta a wasanni da dama, amma daga baya matsalolin daidaituwa da rayuwa a ƙasar suka sa bajintarsa ta ragu. Ya yi kaka guda kacal a Manchester United kafin ya koma Paris Saint-Germain.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Manchester United sign Di María |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/28952443 |publisher=BBC Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A Paris Saint-Germain (PSG), Di María ya sake dawowa kan ganiyarsa. Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar wajen lashe kofunan Ligue 1 da dama, Coupe de France da sauran kofuna na cikin gida. Har ila yau, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kai PSG wasan ƙarshe na UEFA Champions League a shekarar 2020. A lokacin zamansa a PSG ya kafa tarihin ɗan wasan da ya fi bayar da assists a tarihin ƙungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Di María makes PSG history |url=https://www.psg.fr/equipes/equipe-premiere/content/angel-di-maria-becomes-psgs-all-time-assist-leader |publisher=Paris Saint-Germain}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2022, Di María ya koma Juventus ta Italiya bayan barinsa PSG. Duk da cewa zamansa a Juventus bai daɗe ba, ya nuna ƙwarewa da gogewa musamman a wasannin Turai. Daga baya ya koma Benfica a shekarar 2023 domin ci gaba da taka leda a ƙungiyar da ta taimaka wajen haskaka shi a Turai.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Di María returns to Benfica |url=https://www.slbenfica.pt/en-us/agora/noticias/2023/07/06/football-benfica-angel-di-maria-signing |publisher=Benfica}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matakin ƙasa da ƙasa, Di María ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun ‘yan wasan Argentina tsawon shekaru masu yawa. Ya taimaka wa Argentina lashe gasar FIFA U-20 World Cup ta 2007 da kuma lambar zinare a gasar Olympics ta 2008, inda ya ci ƙwallon da ta ba Argentina nasara a wasan ƙarshe da Najeriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Argentina win Olympic gold |url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/olympicgames/beijing2008/news/argentina-strike-gold-again-858837 |publisher=FIFA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di María ya buga gasar cin kofin duniya da dama tare da Argentina ciki har da na 2010, 2014, 2018 da 2022. A gasar 2014 ya taka rawa sosai wajen kai Argentina wasan ƙarshe, duk da cewa rauni ya hana shi buga wasan ƙarshe da Jamus. Duk da haka, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan ‘yan wasan ƙungiyar a wannan lokaci.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Argentina at the 2014 World Cup |url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/2014brazil |publisher=FIFA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan shekaru da dama na rashin nasara a manyan gasa, Di María ya taimaka wa Argentina lashe Copa América ta 2021 bayan ya ci ƙwallon da ta bai wa ƙasarsa nasara a kan Brazil a wasan ƙarshe. Wannan nasara ta kawo ƙarshen shekaru masu yawa ba tare da Argentina ta lashe babban kofi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Argentina win Copa América 2021 |url=https://www.conmebol.com/en/copa-america-2021-final-argentina-v-brazil/ |publisher=CONMEBOL}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2022, Di María ya zama ɗaya daga cikin jaruman Argentina a gasar FIFA World Cup da aka gudanar a Qatar. Ya ci muhimmiyar ƙwallo a wasan ƙarshe da Faransa inda Argentina ta zama zakaran duniya bayan bugun fenariti. Bajintarsa a wannan wasa ta sa mutane da dama suka yaba da rawar da ya taka wajen samun nasarar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Argentina win FIFA World Cup 2022 |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/qatar2022/articles/argentina-france-final-report |publisher=FIFA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di María ya shahara wajen amfani da ƙafar hagu wajen yin dogon pass, crosses masu kyau da kuma harba ƙwallaye daga nesa. Masana ƙwallon ƙafa da dama sun yaba masa saboda jajircewa, aiki tukuru da kuma iya taka leda a wurare daban-daban na kai hari. Duk da kasancewarsa ba shi da ƙarfi sosai a jiki, ya yi amfani da sauri da fasaha wajen cin galaba a kan abokan hamayya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=How Di María became one of football's best creators |url=https://theathletic.com/ |publisher=The Athletic |access-date=2026-05-07 |archive-date=2021-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210715120444/https://theathletic.com/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nasarori ==

=== Benfica ===
* Primeira Liga: 2009–10
* Taça da Liga: 2008–09, 2009–10

=== Real Madrid ===
* La Liga: 2011–12
* Copa del Rey: 2010–11
* UEFA Champions League: 2013–14

=== Paris Saint-Germain ===
* Ligue 1: 2015–16, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2021–22
* Coupe de France: 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2019–20, 2020–21

=== Argentina ===
* FIFA World Cup: 2022
* Copa América: 2021
* Olympics Gold Medal: 2008

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Haihuwan 1988]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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    <title>Abiodun Olugbemiga Obafemi</title>
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    <id>149966</id>
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        <username>Ibn baaz</username>
        <id>28481</id>
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'''Abiodun Olugbemiga Obafemi''' Listen (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Disamba 1973)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/26748&lt;/ref&gt; tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]]. Shi mai tsaron gida ne wanda ya buga mafi yawan aikinsa a Jamus, kuma ya kasance daga cikin tawagar da ta lashe lambar zinare ta Najeriya a gasar [[Olympics]] ta 1996.

== Manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* Abiodun Obafemia WorldFootball.net
* Abiodun Obafemiafussballdaten.de  (a cikin Jamusanci) 
{{Nigeria men's football squad 1996 Summer Olympics}}


[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>n97ca46pbq6gnot8nef9lmeeiwmbkor</sha1>
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'''Abiodun Olugbemiga Obafemi''' Listen (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Disamba 1973)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/26748&lt;/ref&gt; tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]]. Shi mai tsaron gida ne wanda ya buga mafi yawan aikinsa a Jamus, kuma ya kasance daga cikin tawagar da ta lashe lambar zinare ta Najeriya a gasar [[Olympics]] ta 1996.

== Nasarori ==
zakara a Gasar League ta Kudu na [[jamus]] a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta SSV Reutlingen&lt;ref&gt;https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe47058/abiodun-obafemi/honours/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* Abiodun Obafemia WorldFootball.net
* Abiodun Obafemiafussballdaten.de  (a cikin Jamusanci) 
{{Nigeria men's football squad 1996 Summer Olympics}}


[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>dqh8ig3rrtgcrhhgzygyxpsia2m8spt</sha1>
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      <id>838754</id>
      <parentid>838752</parentid>
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        <username>Ibn baaz</username>
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      <comment>Ibn baaz moved page [[Abiodun Obafemi]] to [[Abiodun Olugbemiga Obafemi]]</comment>
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&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; 

'''Abiodun Olugbemiga Obafemi''' Listen (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Disamba 1973)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/26748&lt;/ref&gt; tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]]. Shi mai tsaron gida ne wanda ya buga mafi yawan aikinsa a Jamus, kuma ya kasance daga cikin tawagar da ta lashe lambar zinare ta Najeriya a gasar [[Olympics]] ta 1996.

== Nasarori ==
zakara a Gasar League ta Kudu na [[jamus]] a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta SSV Reutlingen&lt;ref&gt;https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe47058/abiodun-obafemi/honours/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* Abiodun Obafemia WorldFootball.net
* Abiodun Obafemiafussballdaten.de  (a cikin Jamusanci) 
{{Nigeria men's football squad 1996 Summer Olympics}}


[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>dqh8ig3rrtgcrhhgzygyxpsia2m8spt</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Adaílton (ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, an haife shi a shekara ta 1983)</title>
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'''''Adaílton'&lt;nowiki/&gt;'' José dos Santos Filho''', wanda aka fi sani da Adaílton (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Afrilu 1983) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida.

== Ayyuka ==

=== Kungiyar ===
Adaílton ya fara aikinsa tare da Vitória, inda ya lashe lambobin yabo uku na State League. A shekara ta 2004, kungiyar [[Ligue 1|Lig 1]] ta Rennes ta sanya hannu a kansa kuma ya ci gaba da bayyana a wasanni 42 na kulob din Faransa. A shekara ta 2007, ya koma Brazil ya sanya hannu tare da Santos kuma da sauri ya kafa kansa tare da kulob din yana taimaka musu zuwa 2007 Campeonato Paulista . A watan Agustan 2008, Adaílton ya sabunta kwangilarsa tare da Santos, har zuwa Disamba 2009 kuma ya sanya hannu a watan Fabrairun 2010 ga FC Sion . Ya zama mai farawa na yau da kullun ga ƙungiyar Switzerland kuma ya taimaka wa kulob din ya kama Nasara cin kofin Switzerland ta 2010-11. Ya bar Sion a lokacin rani na 2012 zuwa Henan Jianye . Yayin da aka sauke kulob din daga Super League na kasar Sin, Adaílton ya koma Sion a lokacin canjin canji na gaba a cikin hunturu na 2013. 

Bayan ya bayyana a kai a kai ga Sion, an tura Adaílton aro ga abokin hamayyar Swiss FC Chiasso . Adaílton ya buga wa Chiasso wasa a kai a kai a kakar wasa daya da ya yi a kulob din inda ya buga wasanni 26 kuma ya zira kwallaye biyu. A ƙarshen ƙungiyar Switzerland Adaílton ta koma Brazil ta sanya hannu tare da Bahia . Bayan watanni shida kawai tare da kulob din inda ya bayyana a wasanni 4, Adaílton ya bar kulob din.&lt;ref&gt;[http://politicabahia.com/site/?p=56109 Adailton rescinde e não é mais jogador do Bahia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005173245/http://politicabahia.com/site/?p=56109 |date=2021-10-05 }} – politicabahia.com {{In lang|pt}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2014 an sanar da cewa Chicago Fire ta sanya hannu kan Adaílton.

=== Kasashen Duniya ===
Adaílton ta kasance memba na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta Brazil wacce ta lashe gasar zakarun duniya ta FIFA ta 2003. A lokacin gasar ya zira kwallaye guda daya ga Brazil a 1-1 draw tare da Jamhuriyar Czech a ranar 1 ga Disamba 2003. 

== Manazarta ==
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Álvaro Peña (ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Spain)</title>
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      <id>838403</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T14:35:41Z</timestamp>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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'''Álvaro Peña Herrero''' (an haife shi 24 Oktoba 1991) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Sipaniya wanda ke taka rawa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan tsakiya na tsakiya]] na ƙungiyar Primera Federación Barakaldo .

Bayan ya girma a Athletic Bilbao (ya buga wasanni biyu a gasa), ya zura kwallaye 17 a Segunda División a wasanni 246 a cikin shekaru bakwai, yana bugawa Lugo, Alcorcón, Albacete, Mirandés da Amorebieta .

== Aikin kulob ==
An haife shi a [[Bilbao]], Biscay, Peña ya shiga ƙungiyar matasa ta Athletic Bilbao a shekara ta 2006, yana da shekaru 15. Bayan ya buga wasa a ƙungiyar CD Basconia ta gona, ya ci gaba da yin shekaru biyu tare da ƙungiyar B a Segunda División B.

Peña ya fara buga wasa da babbar ƙungiyar a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 2012, inda ya fara da nasarar da suka samu a kan Hapoel Ironi Kiryat Shmona FC da ci 2-0 a wasan rukuni na gasar UEFA Europa League . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 November 2012 |title=Athletic post comfortable Kiryat Shmona win |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0203-0e8221642ebe-5aebe8986f76-1000--athletic-post-comfortable-kiryat-shmona-win/ |access-date=7 September 2023 |publisher=UEFA}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasanni 34 da ya buga wa ƙungiyar a shekarar da ta gabata, ciki har da wasannin share fage . 

A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2013, Peña ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da kulob din Segunda División CD Lugo . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Del Campo |first=José Luis |date=3 July 2013 |title=Lugo: Álvaro Peña, dos años con los gallegos |trans-title=Lugo: Álvaro Peña, two years with the Galicians |url=http://www.todomercadoweb.es/mercado-futbolistico/lugo-alvaro-pena-dos-anos-con-los-gallegos-49654 |access-date=11 July 2013 |publisher=Todo Mercado Web |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara buga gasar a ranar 17 ga Agusta, inda ya buga mintuna 65 a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da CD Numancia,  kuma ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a matsayin ƙwararre a ranar 19 ga Oktoba ta hanyar zura kwallo ta biyu a ragar ƙungiyarsa a wasan da suka tashi 3-3 da Recreativo de Huelva . 

Peña ya shiga Racing de Santander na rukuni na uku a watan Agusta na 2015, kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu.  A ranar 5 ga Yuli na 2017, ya koma mataki na biyu bayan ya amince da kwangilar shekaru biyu a AD Alcorcón . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 July 2017 |title=Álvaro Peña, nuevo fichaje de la A.D. Alcorcón |trans-title=Álvaro Peña, new signing of A.D. Alcorcón |url=http://www.adalcorcon.com/noticia/alvaro-pena-nuevo-fichaje-de-la-a-d-alcorcon |access-date=15 July 2017 |publisher=AD Alcorcón |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 17 ga Janairun 2019, Peña ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da rabi da Albacete Balompié, wanda har yanzu yana cikin rukuni na biyu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 January 2019 |title=Álvaro Peña se pone la camiseta del Alba |trans-title=Álvaro Peña puts the shirt of ''Alba'' |url=https://www.albacetebalompie.es/noticia/alvaro-pena-se-pone-la-camiseta-del-alba |access-date=4 February 2019 |publisher=Albacete Balompié |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 2 ga Satumba, ya koma CD Mirandés na wannan gasar a matsayin aro don kakar wasa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 September 2019 |title=Álvaro Peña, cedido al CD Mirandés |trans-title=Álvaro Peña, loaned to CD Mirandés |url=https://www.albacetebalompie.es/noticia/alvaro-pena-cedido-al-cd-mirandes |access-date=3 September 2019 |publisher=CD Mirandés |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan dawowarsa, Peña ya kasance mai fara wasa akai-akai ga ''Alba'' yayin da suka fuskanci koma baya .  A ranar 21 ga Yuli 2021, ya shiga sabuwar ƙungiya ta SD Amorebieta ta rukuni na biyu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 July 2021 |title=Álvaro Peña, décima incorporación de la SD Amorebieta |trans-title=Álvaro Peña, tenth addition of SD Amorebieta |url=http://sdamorebieta.eus/?p=11384&amp;lang=es |access-date=3 August 2021 |publisher=SD Amorebieta |language=es |archive-date=3 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803041357/http://sdamorebieta.eus/?p=11384&amp;lang=es |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 25 ga Agusta 2022, Peña ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya (tare da zaɓin tsawaita) da Almere City FC a gasar Eerste Divisie ta ƙasar Holland. [1] Ya sami ci gaba zuwa Eredivisie a kakar wasansa ta farko ta hanyar wasannin share fage, wannan shine karo na farko da ƙungiyar ta taɓa samu a tarihinta na shekaru 22 inda ya ba da gudummawar kwallaye biyar daga wasanni 31. [2]

Peña ya zura kwallonsa daya tilo a gasar Netherlands a ranar 17 ga Disamba 2023, a wasan da suka doke SBV Vitesse da ci 5-0 a gida. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 December 2023 |title=Almere City vernedert Vitesse (5–0) en stuurt Arnhemmers als hekkensluiter de kerst in |trans-title=Almere City humiliate Vitesse (5–0) and send Arnhem team to last place at Christmas |url=https://nos.nl/artikel/2501895-almere-city-vernedert-vitesse-5-0-en-stuurt-arnhemmers-als-hekkensluiter-de-kerst-in |access-date=19 October 2024 |publisher=[[Nederlandse Omroep Stichting]] |language=nl}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyarsa ta yi nasarar kaucewa faduwa cikin sauƙi, inda ta kare da maki 34. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 August 2024 |title=City met geslepen zwaarden richting seizoensopener tegen AZ |trans-title=City sharpen their claws heading into season opener against AZ |url=https://almerecity.nl/almere-city-1/city-met-geslepen-zwaarden-richting-seizoensopener-tegen-az/ |access-date=19 October 2024 |publisher=Almere City |language=nl}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 17 ga Yulin 2024, Peña ya koma FC Andorra kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya tare da zaɓin tsawaita wasa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 July 2024 |title=Álvaro Peña arriba per sumar forces al mig del camp |trans-title=Álvaro Peña arrives to add strength to the midfield |url=https://www.fcandorra.com/noticies/alvaro-pena-tricolor |access-date=17 July 2024 |publisher=FC Andorra |language=ca}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 24 ga Yulin shekara mai zuwa, bayan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta koma rukuni na biyu a ƙoƙarin farko, ya dakatar da haɗin gwiwarsa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 July 2025 |title=Agreement with Álvaro Peña for the termination of his contract |url=https://www.fcandorra.com/en/news/alvaro-pena-thanks |access-date=25 July 2025 |publisher=FC Andorra}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikipedia:Hausa Wikimedia Data Support/2026/Cycle 1.json</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>151786</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838395</id>
      <parentid>838340</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T13:20:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Khalifah123</username>
        <id>28682</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
      <origin>838395</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="10925" sha1="ffc20uhv8pnwn7lcgwgakultgs26qkw" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>ffc20uhv8pnwn7lcgwgakultgs26qkw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838401</id>
      <parentid>838395</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T14:22:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM</username>
        <id>37991</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
      <origin>838401</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="11370" sha1="rz4ok3e1x4x27woagpe67ntvgbk81bh" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838413</id>
      <parentid>838401</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T15:42:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dev ammar</username>
        <id>21046</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
      <origin>838413</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="11830" sha1="12ziesxed625qg6bpzpb4487pjblg1f" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838426</id>
      <parentid>838413</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:17:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pharouqenr</username>
        <id>25549</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
      <origin>838426</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="12208" sha1="260v7cm3pzyhe9hao3bz67vz1ah38et" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838432</id>
      <parentid>838426</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:20:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sani Abdullahi M</username>
        <id>27364</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
      <origin>838432</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="12636" sha1="d3j6ufi1tlhvao8py5jqmba9fum7k95" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	}
}</text>
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        <id>14848</id>
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      <comment>Apply</comment>
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      <text bytes="12971" sha1="t62w10tnitrmnwshf04w2nen5vl8pcj" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838532</id>
      <parentid>838451</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:35:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Nnamadee</username>
        <id>31123</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
      <origin>838532</origin>
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      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="13374" sha1="2aaw7b756k3spuvs7db3kgdjwjqbm0q" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u31123&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Nnamadee&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data ne saboda zai taimaka mani sosai wajen inganta muƙala, ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙaloli da kuma bibiyar ayyukan da suka gabata. A matsayina na administrator kuma mai bada gudummawa ta din-din-din, tallafin data zai taimaka mani sosai wajen ƙara jajircewa.&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838534</id>
      <parentid>838532</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:38:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
      <origin>838534</origin>
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      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="13765" sha1="hu0xgirbpw6g0bxgekzzt8y3nzxu170" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u31123&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Nnamadee&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data ne saboda zai taimaka mani sosai wajen inganta muƙala, ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙaloli da kuma bibiyar ayyukan da suka gabata. A matsayina na administrator kuma mai bada gudummawa ta din-din-din, tallafin data zai taimaka mani sosai wajen ƙara jajircewa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u30485&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Aluja&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Nasarawa&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne domin kara samun kwarin gwiwa wajen bayar da gudummawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia da yan uwanta. Duk da cewa muna bada gudummawar amma wannan tallafi na ƙaramin tasiri zai yi ba ƙara mana ƙaimi a cikin tafiyar. Allah Ubangiji ya bamu sa'a.&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838535</id>
      <parentid>838534</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:42:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibrahim Sani Mustapha</username>
        <id>15405</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
      <origin>838535</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="14359" sha1="qu3su3jvzklu965gizbakd9miwwfp57" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u31123&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Nnamadee&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data ne saboda zai taimaka mani sosai wajen inganta muƙala, ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙaloli da kuma bibiyar ayyukan da suka gabata. A matsayina na administrator kuma mai bada gudummawa ta din-din-din, tallafin data zai taimaka mani sosai wajen ƙara jajircewa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u30485&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Aluja&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Nasarawa&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne domin kara samun kwarin gwiwa wajen bayar da gudummawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia da yan uwanta. Duk da cewa muna bada gudummawar amma wannan tallafi na ƙaramin tasiri zai yi ba ƙara mana ƙaimi a cikin tafiyar. Allah Ubangiji ya bamu sa'a.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u15405&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim Sani Mustapha&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafin na internet data support ne saboda samun damar ci gaba da bada gudummawa a Hausa Wikipedia da Hausa Wiktionary kamar yadda na saba. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen ƙara samun wata damar don ci-gaba da ƙirƙira da gyara maƙalu, ƙara kalmomi da ma’anoninsu, da kuma bincike domin inganta ingancin bayanai cikin harshen Hausa.  Samun wannan tallafi zai taimaka min ƙwarai da gaske wajen ci gaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai.&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838576</id>
      <parentid>838535</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:19:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
        <id>23935</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
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      <text bytes="14751" sha1="qp92mlp6kec4tyu8zivno5ddas3bqwu" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u31123&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Nnamadee&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data ne saboda zai taimaka mani sosai wajen inganta muƙala, ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙaloli da kuma bibiyar ayyukan da suka gabata. A matsayina na administrator kuma mai bada gudummawa ta din-din-din, tallafin data zai taimaka mani sosai wajen ƙara jajircewa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u30485&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Aluja&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Nasarawa&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne domin kara samun kwarin gwiwa wajen bayar da gudummawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia da yan uwanta. Duk da cewa muna bada gudummawar amma wannan tallafi na ƙaramin tasiri zai yi ba ƙara mana ƙaimi a cikin tafiyar. Allah Ubangiji ya bamu sa'a.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u15405&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim Sani Mustapha&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafin na internet data support ne saboda samun damar ci gaba da bada gudummawa a Hausa Wikipedia da Hausa Wiktionary kamar yadda na saba. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen ƙara samun wata damar don ci-gaba da ƙirƙira da gyara maƙalu, ƙara kalmomi da ma’anoninsu, da kuma bincike domin inganta ingancin bayanai cikin harshen Hausa.  Samun wannan tallafi zai taimaka min ƙwarai da gaske wajen ci gaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u23935&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ummun Sultan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi ina neman shi ne domin samun data da zan cigaba Congratulations Hausa Wikipedia da kuma sister projects nata, idan na samu wannan tallafi zanyi amfani da shi wajen kara yawan gudunmawar da nake badawa a hausa Wikipedia da kuma  sister project nata.&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838599</id>
      <parentid>838576</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:34:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abbakaramb</username>
        <id>37993</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
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      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="15087" sha1="eccdt885ow5x5l6t0ktd4wx781p9qvn" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u31123&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Nnamadee&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data ne saboda zai taimaka mani sosai wajen inganta muƙala, ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙaloli da kuma bibiyar ayyukan da suka gabata. A matsayina na administrator kuma mai bada gudummawa ta din-din-din, tallafin data zai taimaka mani sosai wajen ƙara jajircewa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u30485&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Aluja&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Nasarawa&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne domin kara samun kwarin gwiwa wajen bayar da gudummawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia da yan uwanta. Duk da cewa muna bada gudummawar amma wannan tallafi na ƙaramin tasiri zai yi ba ƙara mana ƙaimi a cikin tafiyar. Allah Ubangiji ya bamu sa'a.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u15405&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim Sani Mustapha&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafin na internet data support ne saboda samun damar ci gaba da bada gudummawa a Hausa Wikipedia da Hausa Wiktionary kamar yadda na saba. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen ƙara samun wata damar don ci-gaba da ƙirƙira da gyara maƙalu, ƙara kalmomi da ma’anoninsu, da kuma bincike domin inganta ingancin bayanai cikin harshen Hausa.  Samun wannan tallafi zai taimaka min ƙwarai da gaske wajen ci gaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u23935&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ummun Sultan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi ina neman shi ne domin samun data da zan cigaba Congratulations Hausa Wikipedia da kuma sister projects nata, idan na samu wannan tallafi zanyi amfani da shi wajen kara yawan gudunmawar da nake badawa a hausa Wikipedia da kuma  sister project nata.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37993&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abbakaramb&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;To help me stay online so that I can edit and write in wikimedia.\nAs you all know that Data is too cost now and the economy is not friendly😊.\nI need like 10-15GB if i am to stay online for at least a week.&quot;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>eccdt885ow5x5l6t0ktd4wx781p9qvn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838601</id>
      <parentid>838599</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:44:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ashiru Lawal</username>
        <id>24821</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
      <origin>838601</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="15515" sha1="81lnatw53yrd3cz3tyb0nodhla7h6is" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u31123&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Nnamadee&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data ne saboda zai taimaka mani sosai wajen inganta muƙala, ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙaloli da kuma bibiyar ayyukan da suka gabata. A matsayina na administrator kuma mai bada gudummawa ta din-din-din, tallafin data zai taimaka mani sosai wajen ƙara jajircewa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u30485&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Aluja&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Nasarawa&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne domin kara samun kwarin gwiwa wajen bayar da gudummawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia da yan uwanta. Duk da cewa muna bada gudummawar amma wannan tallafi na ƙaramin tasiri zai yi ba ƙara mana ƙaimi a cikin tafiyar. Allah Ubangiji ya bamu sa'a.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u15405&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim Sani Mustapha&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafin na internet data support ne saboda samun damar ci gaba da bada gudummawa a Hausa Wikipedia da Hausa Wiktionary kamar yadda na saba. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen ƙara samun wata damar don ci-gaba da ƙirƙira da gyara maƙalu, ƙara kalmomi da ma’anoninsu, da kuma bincike domin inganta ingancin bayanai cikin harshen Hausa.  Samun wannan tallafi zai taimaka min ƙwarai da gaske wajen ci gaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u23935&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ummun Sultan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi ina neman shi ne domin samun data da zan cigaba Congratulations Hausa Wikipedia da kuma sister projects nata, idan na samu wannan tallafi zanyi amfani da shi wajen kara yawan gudunmawar da nake badawa a hausa Wikipedia da kuma  sister project nata.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37993&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abbakaramb&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;To help me stay online so that I can edit and write in wikimedia.\nAs you all know that Data is too cost now and the economy is not friendly😊.\nI need like 10-15GB if i am to stay online for at least a week.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24821&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ashiru Lawal&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am writing to request data support to assist and enhance my efforts in Wikipedia editing and publishing. I have remained committed to contributing valuable and reliable information on Wikipedia through regular editing, research, and content improvement aimed at promoting free access to knowledge.&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838603</id>
      <parentid>838601</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:56:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>BAFFA ISAH MK</username>
        <id>21695</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
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      <text bytes="16201" sha1="4t9r0ft3yqc7xf1re047ywjn0vsw5au" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u31123&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Nnamadee&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data ne saboda zai taimaka mani sosai wajen inganta muƙala, ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙaloli da kuma bibiyar ayyukan da suka gabata. A matsayina na administrator kuma mai bada gudummawa ta din-din-din, tallafin data zai taimaka mani sosai wajen ƙara jajircewa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u30485&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Aluja&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Nasarawa&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne domin kara samun kwarin gwiwa wajen bayar da gudummawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia da yan uwanta. Duk da cewa muna bada gudummawar amma wannan tallafi na ƙaramin tasiri zai yi ba ƙara mana ƙaimi a cikin tafiyar. Allah Ubangiji ya bamu sa'a.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u15405&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim Sani Mustapha&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafin na internet data support ne saboda samun damar ci gaba da bada gudummawa a Hausa Wikipedia da Hausa Wiktionary kamar yadda na saba. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen ƙara samun wata damar don ci-gaba da ƙirƙira da gyara maƙalu, ƙara kalmomi da ma’anoninsu, da kuma bincike domin inganta ingancin bayanai cikin harshen Hausa.  Samun wannan tallafi zai taimaka min ƙwarai da gaske wajen ci gaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u23935&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ummun Sultan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi ina neman shi ne domin samun data da zan cigaba Congratulations Hausa Wikipedia da kuma sister projects nata, idan na samu wannan tallafi zanyi amfani da shi wajen kara yawan gudunmawar da nake badawa a hausa Wikipedia da kuma  sister project nata.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37993&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abbakaramb&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;To help me stay online so that I can edit and write in wikimedia.\nAs you all know that Data is too cost now and the economy is not friendly😊.\nI need like 10-15GB if i am to stay online for at least a week.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24821&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ashiru Lawal&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am writing to request data support to assist and enhance my efforts in Wikipedia editing and publishing. I have remained committed to contributing valuable and reliable information on Wikipedia through regular editing, research, and content improvement aimed at promoting free access to knowledge.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21695&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;BAFFA ISAH MK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am requesting data support to help me remain active in contributing to Wikimedia platforms, with a strong focus on Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language projects. Access to internet data will allow me to continue editing and developing articles, sharing educational resources, and taking part in online trainings, campaigns, and community engagement activities.\n\nThis support will greatly improve my ability to contribute consistently and continue advancing free and accessible knowledge for Hausa-speaking communities through Wikimedia initiatives.&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838643</id>
      <parentid>838603</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T05:12:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kaddi123</username>
        <id>38060</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
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      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="16616" sha1="0ft1slewf3hz52bxfvggb2xcw14ci9p" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u31123&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Nnamadee&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data ne saboda zai taimaka mani sosai wajen inganta muƙala, ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙaloli da kuma bibiyar ayyukan da suka gabata. A matsayina na administrator kuma mai bada gudummawa ta din-din-din, tallafin data zai taimaka mani sosai wajen ƙara jajircewa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u30485&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Aluja&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Nasarawa&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne domin kara samun kwarin gwiwa wajen bayar da gudummawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia da yan uwanta. Duk da cewa muna bada gudummawar amma wannan tallafi na ƙaramin tasiri zai yi ba ƙara mana ƙaimi a cikin tafiyar. Allah Ubangiji ya bamu sa'a.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u15405&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim Sani Mustapha&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafin na internet data support ne saboda samun damar ci gaba da bada gudummawa a Hausa Wikipedia da Hausa Wiktionary kamar yadda na saba. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen ƙara samun wata damar don ci-gaba da ƙirƙira da gyara maƙalu, ƙara kalmomi da ma’anoninsu, da kuma bincike domin inganta ingancin bayanai cikin harshen Hausa.  Samun wannan tallafi zai taimaka min ƙwarai da gaske wajen ci gaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u23935&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ummun Sultan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi ina neman shi ne domin samun data da zan cigaba Congratulations Hausa Wikipedia da kuma sister projects nata, idan na samu wannan tallafi zanyi amfani da shi wajen kara yawan gudunmawar da nake badawa a hausa Wikipedia da kuma  sister project nata.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37993&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abbakaramb&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;To help me stay online so that I can edit and write in wikimedia.\nAs you all know that Data is too cost now and the economy is not friendly😊.\nI need like 10-15GB if i am to stay online for at least a week.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24821&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ashiru Lawal&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am writing to request data support to assist and enhance my efforts in Wikipedia editing and publishing. I have remained committed to contributing valuable and reliable information on Wikipedia through regular editing, research, and content improvement aimed at promoting free access to knowledge.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21695&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;BAFFA ISAH MK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am requesting data support to help me remain active in contributing to Wikimedia platforms, with a strong focus on Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language projects. Access to internet data will allow me to continue editing and developing articles, sharing educational resources, and taking part in online trainings, campaigns, and community engagement activities.\n\nThis support will greatly improve my ability to contribute consistently and continue advancing free and accessible knowledge for Hausa-speaking communities through Wikimedia initiatives.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38060&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Kaddi123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-21&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Inanem talafi domin cigaba da editing da samun damar bada gudumuwa a shafin Wikipedia cikin Sauki, wannan zai taimaka min wurin yin ayukan na yau da kulum masaman wurin editing,Ina farin ciki sosai idan na samu shiga cikin wadanda zasu samu wannan talafi na Wikipedia,. Abubakar lawali kaddi&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838670</id>
      <parentid>838643</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T06:37:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salahuddin lawan</username>
        <id>45064</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
      <origin>838670</origin>
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      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="17028" sha1="bizyzndxdkx8gxygtkxmohuuw5f73gr" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u31123&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Nnamadee&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data ne saboda zai taimaka mani sosai wajen inganta muƙala, ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙaloli da kuma bibiyar ayyukan da suka gabata. A matsayina na administrator kuma mai bada gudummawa ta din-din-din, tallafin data zai taimaka mani sosai wajen ƙara jajircewa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u30485&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Aluja&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Nasarawa&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne domin kara samun kwarin gwiwa wajen bayar da gudummawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia da yan uwanta. Duk da cewa muna bada gudummawar amma wannan tallafi na ƙaramin tasiri zai yi ba ƙara mana ƙaimi a cikin tafiyar. Allah Ubangiji ya bamu sa'a.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u15405&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim Sani Mustapha&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafin na internet data support ne saboda samun damar ci gaba da bada gudummawa a Hausa Wikipedia da Hausa Wiktionary kamar yadda na saba. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen ƙara samun wata damar don ci-gaba da ƙirƙira da gyara maƙalu, ƙara kalmomi da ma’anoninsu, da kuma bincike domin inganta ingancin bayanai cikin harshen Hausa.  Samun wannan tallafi zai taimaka min ƙwarai da gaske wajen ci gaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u23935&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ummun Sultan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi ina neman shi ne domin samun data da zan cigaba Congratulations Hausa Wikipedia da kuma sister projects nata, idan na samu wannan tallafi zanyi amfani da shi wajen kara yawan gudunmawar da nake badawa a hausa Wikipedia da kuma  sister project nata.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37993&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abbakaramb&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;To help me stay online so that I can edit and write in wikimedia.\nAs you all know that Data is too cost now and the economy is not friendly😊.\nI need like 10-15GB if i am to stay online for at least a week.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24821&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ashiru Lawal&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am writing to request data support to assist and enhance my efforts in Wikipedia editing and publishing. I have remained committed to contributing valuable and reliable information on Wikipedia through regular editing, research, and content improvement aimed at promoting free access to knowledge.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21695&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;BAFFA ISAH MK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am requesting data support to help me remain active in contributing to Wikimedia platforms, with a strong focus on Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language projects. Access to internet data will allow me to continue editing and developing articles, sharing educational resources, and taking part in online trainings, campaigns, and community engagement activities.\n\nThis support will greatly improve my ability to contribute consistently and continue advancing free and accessible knowledge for Hausa-speaking communities through Wikimedia initiatives.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38060&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Kaddi123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-21&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Inanem talafi domin cigaba da editing da samun damar bada gudumuwa a shafin Wikipedia cikin Sauki, wannan zai taimaka min wurin yin ayukan na yau da kulum masaman wurin editing,Ina farin ciki sosai idan na samu shiga cikin wadanda zasu samu wannan talafi na Wikipedia,. Abubakar lawali kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Salahuddin lawan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-21&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want this application in order to improve my life career and earn comfortable life and my school fees money please help me to approve my application due to my reasonable condition and give a chance to help each other for our good career for getting job to earn a living in my life&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838675</id>
      <parentid>838670</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T06:52:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mustysummy</username>
        <id>21281</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Apply</comment>
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      <text bytes="17457" sha1="a5qd8t8m1z9gggyurujk4gxg808ehwi" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u31123&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Nnamadee&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data ne saboda zai taimaka mani sosai wajen inganta muƙala, ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙaloli da kuma bibiyar ayyukan da suka gabata. A matsayina na administrator kuma mai bada gudummawa ta din-din-din, tallafin data zai taimaka mani sosai wajen ƙara jajircewa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u30485&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Aluja&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Nasarawa&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne domin kara samun kwarin gwiwa wajen bayar da gudummawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia da yan uwanta. Duk da cewa muna bada gudummawar amma wannan tallafi na ƙaramin tasiri zai yi ba ƙara mana ƙaimi a cikin tafiyar. Allah Ubangiji ya bamu sa'a.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u15405&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim Sani Mustapha&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafin na internet data support ne saboda samun damar ci gaba da bada gudummawa a Hausa Wikipedia da Hausa Wiktionary kamar yadda na saba. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen ƙara samun wata damar don ci-gaba da ƙirƙira da gyara maƙalu, ƙara kalmomi da ma’anoninsu, da kuma bincike domin inganta ingancin bayanai cikin harshen Hausa.  Samun wannan tallafi zai taimaka min ƙwarai da gaske wajen ci gaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u23935&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ummun Sultan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi ina neman shi ne domin samun data da zan cigaba Congratulations Hausa Wikipedia da kuma sister projects nata, idan na samu wannan tallafi zanyi amfani da shi wajen kara yawan gudunmawar da nake badawa a hausa Wikipedia da kuma  sister project nata.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37993&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abbakaramb&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;To help me stay online so that I can edit and write in wikimedia.\nAs you all know that Data is too cost now and the economy is not friendly😊.\nI need like 10-15GB if i am to stay online for at least a week.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24821&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ashiru Lawal&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am writing to request data support to assist and enhance my efforts in Wikipedia editing and publishing. I have remained committed to contributing valuable and reliable information on Wikipedia through regular editing, research, and content improvement aimed at promoting free access to knowledge.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21695&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;BAFFA ISAH MK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am requesting data support to help me remain active in contributing to Wikimedia platforms, with a strong focus on Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language projects. Access to internet data will allow me to continue editing and developing articles, sharing educational resources, and taking part in online trainings, campaigns, and community engagement activities.\n\nThis support will greatly improve my ability to contribute consistently and continue advancing free and accessible knowledge for Hausa-speaking communities through Wikimedia initiatives.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38060&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Kaddi123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-21&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Inanem talafi domin cigaba da editing da samun damar bada gudumuwa a shafin Wikipedia cikin Sauki, wannan zai taimaka min wurin yin ayukan na yau da kulum masaman wurin editing,Ina farin ciki sosai idan na samu shiga cikin wadanda zasu samu wannan talafi na Wikipedia,. Abubakar lawali kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Salahuddin lawan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-21&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want this application in order to improve my life career and earn comfortable life and my school fees money please help me to approve my application due to my reasonable condition and give a chance to help each other for our good career for getting job to earn a living in my life&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21281&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mustysummy&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-21&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina shaawar bada gudummuwa ga Wikipedia da inganta damar samun ilimi kyauta. \nTallafin zai taimake ni yin bincik, Kirkira, gyara da sabunta tare da \ningantacen bayani. Hakan zai bani damar shiga cikin ayyukan Wikipedia da bada gudummuwar ingantacen aiki wanda zai amfanar da jama'a a duniya baki daya&quot;
	}
}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838753</id>
      <parentid>838675</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T11:00:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Maiakwai4u</username>
        <id>37986</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Apply</comment>
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      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="17811" sha1="3uxcv9jjbtm9q7ekqejafzqw75wvc0p" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;u24259&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abusule dankofa&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na editor na wikimedia hanzai bani damar yin aiki cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12444&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hamza DK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an second active editor of Wiktionary and Wikidata, I need this data support to edit more and upload information on Wiktionary, Wikipedia and wiki data. And this support will helps me contribute regularly and improve free knowledge for everyone.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u9880&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Galdiz&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Borno&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Na kasance edita me bada gudummawa harna tsawon kusan shekara 7 ina Alfahari da wannan aiki da nakeyi. Ina neman wannan tallafi na Data support ne saboda watarana kanaso kayi wani abin Amman rashin data saiya hanaka wannan tallafi zai taimaka kwarai da gaske Allah ya bamu sa’a ya taimaki Hausa Wikipedia.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21576&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev moha2507&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data domin in ci gaba da aikin da nake yi a Wikimedia/Hausa Wikipedia.\nIna so na ciga ba da inganta bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina amfani da lokaci na wajen bincike, gyara, da rubuta ingantattun bayanai domin su amfani al’umma baki ɗaya.\nina fuskantar ƙarancin data wanda ke rage min damar ci gaba da wannan aiki mai muhimmanci. Idan aka taimaka min da wannan tallafi, zan iya ƙara himma wajen:\nInganta Hausa Wikipedia da ƙarin articles masu amfani\nTaimakawa wajen yaɗa ilimi cikin Hausa\nDa kuma shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia community yadda ya kamata&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44591&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Engineer014&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ni sabon edita ne a Hausa Wikipedia, idan na samu wannan tallafin tabbas zan ƙara samun karsashi na ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙalu da kuma gyara waɗanda ke akwai. Tabbas samun wannan tallafin zai taimaka mani wajan ƙarin karsahi.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19233&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim abusufyan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-19&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt.because it will help.in wrinting ,and make your.work.more easire and paster,ballerss ,so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more engl8shnto.determ&quot;
	},
	&quot;u39275&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sardeeq&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;As an active editor data support will definitely help more, inorder for me to keep contributing i think I need the support 100%.\nI also I need the data support to research edit and improve Wikipedia articles consistently and effectively.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38699&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Arcdanumma047&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need this in order to contribute More and more edit then last time because of this data . Because some time we can't get data network and we want edit, but now I believed. If we get this free data network the edit will add more&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22698&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar A Muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need data support because I needed  for many reason  first I'm a student  I don't have enouph money .\n The support will help me participate actively in Wikimedia activities, online trainings, research, editing, and community contributions without internet limitations.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28242&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dmukhtar105&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want data support to activately contribute to Hausa Wikipedia by creating, editing and improving articles in hausa language,the support will enables me to access different resources conduct research and participate regularly&quot;
	},
	&quot;u43323&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Saad Nuhu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Gombe&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data domin zai bani dama wajan bada gudummawa, kirkirar muƙala, da kuma gyara muƙala. A matsayina na Administrator hakan zai bani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci domin tantance aiki mai kyau cikin nutsuwa ba tare da fargabar ƙarewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45027&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Wayit&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am a student and am really struggling to get data to be in the wikimedia hausa space to learn more and also give my on impact \nAnd even to run some of my school activities on line so if am being supported it will really mean a lot to me and it will go along way&quot;
	},
	&quot;u41082&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Hussey833&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan data support in ne domin hakan zai taimaka min wajen bada gudumuwa cikin natsuwa da kuma tabbatar da inkancin shafin wikipedia batare da fargaba ba,sannan kuma tallafin yakan kara karsashi cikin natsuwa wajen gaanin cewa bada gudunmuwa ta edit baizamo matsala ba a wannan shafi na wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24783&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abubakar Kaddi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne na data support domin cigaba bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia da kuma yan uwanta, ada an taɓa bani kuma naji daɗi saboda na ninka ayyukan da nakeyi na editing din Wikipedia a lokacin da na samu tallafin Nagode Allah ya bamu nasara daga Abubakar Kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u32668&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Muhdavdullahi&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukala da gyaran muqala.\nA matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa hakan zaibani damar kirkira da kuma gyara mukala batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u22641&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Naja'atu Bintoo Usman&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support because I actively contribute to Wikipedia by reading, editing, and researching articles. Access to data will help me contribute more consistently, improve the quality of my edits, and support my learning and research activities, especially where internet access is limited.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12577&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Umar-askira&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina nema wanna tallafin me daga gidauniya ya Hausa Wikimedians domin chi gaba da nada gudunmuwa a Hausa Wikipedia ta hanya kirikiran makalai, bunkasa makalai tare da inganta makalai. Hausa Wikipedia tana bukatan cigaba da bunkasa ta hanyar fasara makalai daga wasu yarikan zuwa Hausa Musamman English zuwa Hausa ko Arabic zuwa Hausa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28228&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;HK RIGASA2&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin Data Support Program domin samun damar cigaba da bada gudummawa a ayyukan Wikimedia musamman Wikipedia da sauran projects. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen samun internet data domin yin editing, bincike, upload na abubuwa masu amfani da kuma kara inganta ilimin al’umma ta hanyar harshen Hausa.\nHaka kuma wannan tallafin zai kara min karfin gwaiwa da kuzarin cigaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai tare da koyon sababbin abubuwa a cikin Wikimedia movement. Ina da burin amfani da wannan dama wajen taimakawa wajen yada ingantaccen ilimi kyauta ga al’umma.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u19064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mansir Yusuf&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi zai taimaka min wajen kwarin gwiwar cigaba da bada gudunmawa a makalolin Hausa Wikipedia, ina fatan sanyi nasarar samun tallafin domin ina bukatar shi kuma zai taimaka min bama ni ka dai ba da sauran editicin da suka nemi wannan tallafin&quot;
	},
	&quot;u29451&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Halima Waziri&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data support to enhance my contributions to open knowledge and improve access to reliable information. The support will help me overcome internet and data cost challenges, enabling me to actively participate in Wikimedia projects through editing, research, uploads, and community activities. It will also support my efforts to promote digital literacy, document local knowledge, and encourage more people, especially underrepresented groups, to contribute to free and accessible knowledge platforms.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44366&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pretty Fulani&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I need the data supppprt  because it will help me to continue contribute and make your work  more easire and paster also I don have enauph money ballerss so i think bringing the program into.existance again is what ready makes it more.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14681&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Plateau&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi na nema a baya ban taba samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na dace domin wannan tallafi nasan zai taimaka min sosai musamman wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwa a shafukan hausa wikipedia domin wani lokacin kanaso ka bada gudunmuwa ko kayi editing to rashin isassar data sai ta hana mutum duk yadda kaso da kayi editing din&quot;
	},
	&quot;u44560&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mai Jiddah muhammad&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina buƙatar wannan tallafi ne domin ni sabuwa ce a gyara makalolin Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbi, ina fatan samun wannan tallafin zai kara min hazaka wajen ganin na cigaba da editing da samar da makalolin Wikipedia idan har na samun tallafin, dan haka wannan tallafin zai taimaka min sosai idan na same shi, Nagode.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u12403&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;M Bash Ne&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am applying for data support to help me actively continuing contribute to Wikimedia projects, especially Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language Wikimedia platforms. The support will enable me to participate in online editing activities, create and improve articles, upload educational content, and engage in community campaigns, training, and outreach programs. Reliable internet access is very important for my contributions and will help me continue promoting free knowledge in the Hausa language community.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u28682&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Khalifah123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Am requesting for it because it will gave me the opportunity to create some articles and edits some previous articles properly and also give the chance to do my work without me thinking of going out of data thank you&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37991&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data akan ayukkan da mukeyi na internet,\nDon zakalo muhimman abubuwa na yau da kullun,zamu gabatar da bincike bincikenmu idan har munsamu gudun muwa daga gareku,hakika wannan aiki yanada mahimmanci sosai ga al’umma da duniya baki daya amma muna muna bukatar support na yin aiki tukuru.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21046&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Dev ammar&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina bukatan wannan tallafi saboda na siya data don bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia, sakamakon rashin data da nake fuskanta, hakan na bani wahala wajen samun isasshen lokaci da zan bada gudummuwa a Hausa Wikipedia dalili shine ina amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa wato computer wajen sauqaqar da aikina, kuma tana jan data sosai. Nagode&quot;
	},
	&quot;u25549&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Pharouqenr&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina Neman tallafin data domin hakan zaibani dama wajen bada gudummuwa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da kuma gyaran muƙalu. A matsayina na mai bada gudummuwa kuma mai gudanarwa, hakan zaibani damar bibiyar ayyukan editoci batare da fargabar karewar data ba.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u27364&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Sani Abdullahi M&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;A lokacin baya ni ma na taba neman wannan tallafi ban samu ba ina fatan wannan karon na samu a hakikan gaskiya wannan tallafin zai taimakawa mu kananan editoci wajen cigaba da bada gudunmuwar yin editing ina fatan a wannan karon nayi nasara na samu domin na zama mai bada gudunmuwa a koda yaushe&quot;
	},
	&quot;u14848&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Zahrah0&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kaduna&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data support ne saboda in ringa bada gudunmawa a wajen editing, kir Kiran muƙala, fassara a hausa Wikipedia saboda wani lokaci rashin data shiyake hana ni editing da kuma fassarori a Wikipedia&quot;
	},
	&quot;u31123&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Nnamadee&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman tallafin data ne saboda zai taimaka mani sosai wajen inganta muƙala, ƙirƙirar sababbin muƙaloli da kuma bibiyar ayyukan da suka gabata. A matsayina na administrator kuma mai bada gudummawa ta din-din-din, tallafin data zai taimaka mani sosai wajen ƙara jajircewa.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u30485&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Aluja&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Nasarawa&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafi ne domin kara samun kwarin gwiwa wajen bayar da gudummawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia da yan uwanta. Duk da cewa muna bada gudummawar amma wannan tallafi na ƙaramin tasiri zai yi ba ƙara mana ƙaimi a cikin tafiyar. Allah Ubangiji ya bamu sa'a.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u15405&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ibrahim Sani Mustapha&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman wannan tallafin na internet data support ne saboda samun damar ci gaba da bada gudummawa a Hausa Wikipedia da Hausa Wiktionary kamar yadda na saba. Wannan tallafin zai taimaka min wajen ƙara samun wata damar don ci-gaba da ƙirƙira da gyara maƙalu, ƙara kalmomi da ma’anoninsu, da kuma bincike domin inganta ingancin bayanai cikin harshen Hausa.  Samun wannan tallafi zai taimaka min ƙwarai da gaske wajen ci gaba da bada gudummawa akai-akai.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u23935&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ummun Sultan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Wannan tallafi ina neman shi ne domin samun data da zan cigaba Congratulations Hausa Wikipedia da kuma sister projects nata, idan na samu wannan tallafi zanyi amfani da shi wajen kara yawan gudunmawar da nake badawa a hausa Wikipedia da kuma  sister project nata.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37993&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Abbakaramb&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;To help me stay online so that I can edit and write in wikimedia.\nAs you all know that Data is too cost now and the economy is not friendly😊.\nI need like 10-15GB if i am to stay online for at least a week.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u24821&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Ashiru Lawal&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Zamfara&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am writing to request data support to assist and enhance my efforts in Wikipedia editing and publishing. I have remained committed to contributing valuable and reliable information on Wikipedia through regular editing, research, and content improvement aimed at promoting free access to knowledge.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21695&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;BAFFA ISAH MK&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-20&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I am requesting data support to help me remain active in contributing to Wikimedia platforms, with a strong focus on Hausa Wikipedia and other Hausa-language projects. Access to internet data will allow me to continue editing and developing articles, sharing educational resources, and taking part in online trainings, campaigns, and community engagement activities.\n\nThis support will greatly improve my ability to contribute consistently and continue advancing free and accessible knowledge for Hausa-speaking communities through Wikimedia initiatives.&quot;
	},
	&quot;u38060&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Kaddi123&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-21&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Inanem talafi domin cigaba da editing da samun damar bada gudumuwa a shafin Wikipedia cikin Sauki, wannan zai taimaka min wurin yin ayukan na yau da kulum masaman wurin editing,Ina farin ciki sosai idan na samu shiga cikin wadanda zasu samu wannan talafi na Wikipedia,. Abubakar lawali kaddi&quot;
	},
	&quot;u45064&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Salahuddin lawan&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Kano&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-21&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;I want this application in order to improve my life career and earn comfortable life and my school fees money please help me to approve my application due to my reasonable condition and give a chance to help each other for our good career for getting job to earn a living in my life&quot;
	},
	&quot;u21281&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Mustysummy&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Katsina&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-21&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina shaawar bada gudummuwa ga Wikipedia da inganta damar samun ilimi kyauta. \nTallafin zai taimake ni yin bincik, Kirkira, gyara da sabunta tare da \ningantacen bayani. Hakan zai bani damar shiga cikin ayyukan Wikipedia da bada gudummuwar ingantacen aiki wanda zai amfanar da jama'a a duniya baki daya&quot;
	},
	&quot;u37986&quot;: {
		&quot;username&quot;: &quot;Maiakwai4u&quot;,
		&quot;state&quot;: &quot;Sokoto&quot;,
		&quot;status&quot;: &quot;pending&quot;,
		&quot;date&quot;: &quot;2026-05-21&quot;,
		&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ina neman talafi data domin Kara karfa fawa Gurin ci gaban da Kuma inganta yaren Hausa a Duniya, wanna da ya shafi tarihi, Tatalin Arziki, Cigaban Kimita, Nima, Fisahar zamani da Kuma inganta yaren Hausa da aladun Harshen Hausa.&quot;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>3uxcv9jjbtm9q7ekqejafzqw75wvc0p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ujah Uloko</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151828</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838360</id>
      <parentid>838358</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:04:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340054396|Ujah Uloko]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838360</origin>
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'''Ujah Uloko''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga Agusta 1999) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya na tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar Al Ramadi FC ta Iraqi.&lt;ref&gt;Nasarawa Utd Survive Plateau Utd Scare, Pick First Point&quot;. Archived from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kulob ==
Uloko ya rattaba hannu a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Nasarawa United a gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya a watan Yulin 2018. [1] [2] Bayan ya yi fice a kakar wasa biyu, ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Katsina United a gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya kan yarjejeniyar watanni 6. [3] [4] Daga nan ya ƙaura zuwa ƙasashen waje ya kuma sanya hannu da ƙungiyar Al-Nasiriya ta Iraqi a watan Satumbar 2020, ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin kyaftin na ƙungiyar. [5] A lokacin bazara na 2021, ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Al Ramadi FC ta Iraqi.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]]</text>
      <sha1>f5fgb7dzn9icjp95zb1dr90gljfk0mg</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838361</id>
      <parentid>838360</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:04:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838361</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1021" sha1="9wwrzibf6ha41bh0zyf9m9a2te2trba" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Ujah Uloko''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga Agusta 1999) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya na tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar Al Ramadi FC ta Iraqi.&lt;ref&gt;Nasarawa Utd Survive Plateau Utd Scare, Pick First Point&quot;. Archived from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kulob ==
Uloko ya rattaba hannu a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Nasarawa United a gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya a watan Yulin 2018. [1] [2] Bayan ya yi fice a kakar wasa biyu, ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Katsina United a gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya kan yarjejeniyar watanni 6. [3] [4] Daga nan ya ƙaura zuwa ƙasashen waje ya kuma sanya hannu da ƙungiyar Al-Nasiriya ta Iraqi a watan Satumbar 2020, ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin kyaftin na ƙungiyar. [5] A lokacin bazara na 2021, ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Al Ramadi FC ta Iraqi.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]]</text>
      <sha1>9wwrzibf6ha41bh0zyf9m9a2te2trba</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Michael Okoro Ibe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151829</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838363</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:05:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339473359|Michael Okoro Ibe]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838363</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="301" sha1="r0wa65fb45lqwygojqghhnnulzmo6u2" xml:space="preserve">'''Michael Okoro Ibe''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Yuni 1995) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasa da ƙasa na Najeriya wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matsayin ɗan tsakiya a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya ta Remo Stars FC [1] [2]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]]</text>
      <sha1>r0wa65fb45lqwygojqghhnnulzmo6u2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838364</id>
      <parentid>838363</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:06:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339473359|Michael Okoro Ibe]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838364</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="591" sha1="5ihs7z969njwiwp15k02wvwuqx8kx1m" xml:space="preserve">'''Michael Okoro Ibe''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Yuni 1995) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasa da ƙasa na Najeriya wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matsayin ɗan tsakiya a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya ta Remo Stars FC .&lt;ref&gt;Adesanya, Taiwo (2024-09-12). &quot;NPFL: Remo Stars sign free-agent Michael Ibe&quot;. ''Daily Post''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 2024-12-02.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;NPFL: Remo Stars Sign Free Agent Michael Ibe – Independent Newspaper Nigeria&quot;. Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. 2024-09-12. Retrieved 2024-12-02.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]]</text>
      <sha1>5ihs7z969njwiwp15k02wvwuqx8kx1m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838366</id>
      <parentid>838364</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:07:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838366</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="603" sha1="eor1580keikbotntbfuo1ubfwmirwkk" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Michael Okoro Ibe''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Yuni 1995) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasa da ƙasa na Najeriya wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matsayin ɗan tsakiya a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya ta Remo Stars FC .&lt;ref&gt;Adesanya, Taiwo (2024-09-12). &quot;NPFL: Remo Stars sign free-agent Michael Ibe&quot;. ''Daily Post''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 2024-12-02.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;NPFL: Remo Stars Sign Free Agent Michael Ibe – Independent Newspaper Nigeria&quot;. Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. 2024-09-12. Retrieved 2024-12-02.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]]</text>
      <sha1>eor1580keikbotntbfuo1ubfwmirwkk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Enyinnaya Godswill</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151830</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838368</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:08:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354592756|Enyinnaya Godswill]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838368</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1702" sha1="5btr3hufeap9kaaihhjrxxbvh3itnr8" xml:space="preserve">
'''Enyinnaya Godswill''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1999) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]] a ƙungiyar [[Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Firimiya|Premier Soccer League]] [[Stellenbosch F.C.|Stellenbosch]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=K. Godswill |url=https://ng.soccerway.com/players/enyinaya-kazie-godswill/683228 |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=ng.soccerway.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasa ta Najeriya|CHAN Eagles]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ELIM CHAN 2023 : GHANA VS NIGÉRIA, LES COMPOS OFFICIELLES |url=https://www.africatopsports.com/2022/08/28/elim-chan-2023-ghana-vs-nigeria-les-compos-officielles |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=africatopsports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Godswill ya samu gayyatar farko zuwa CHAN Eagles don buga wasan neman cancantar shiga gasar CHAN ta 2022 mai matakai biyu da tawagar Ghana B. Bai shiga wasan farko ba, amma ya fara wasan da aka yi a filin wasa na Moshood Abiola National Stadium a ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2022. [1]

A watan Yunin 2021, an sanya shi cikin tawagar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] don buga wasan sada zumunci da Mexico . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria confirm 23-man squad for Mexico friendly, four players dropped |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/nigeria-confirm-23-man-squad-for-mexico-friendly-four-players-dropped/apatqqnnw8ey1te04d4n5oq52 |access-date=17 July 2024 |website=goal.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daraja ==

=== Kulob ===

==== Rivers United ====

* Gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya : Ta Lashe 2021–2022

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]]</text>
      <sha1>5btr3hufeap9kaaihhjrxxbvh3itnr8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838369</id>
      <parentid>838368</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:08:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838369</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1713" sha1="iiz2xz3lyryhhi0iztiff7msi6h2cun" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Enyinnaya Godswill''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1999) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya na dama]] a ƙungiyar [[Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Firimiya|Premier Soccer League]] [[Stellenbosch F.C.|Stellenbosch]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=K. Godswill |url=https://ng.soccerway.com/players/enyinaya-kazie-godswill/683228 |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=ng.soccerway.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasa ta Najeriya|CHAN Eagles]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ELIM CHAN 2023 : GHANA VS NIGÉRIA, LES COMPOS OFFICIELLES |url=https://www.africatopsports.com/2022/08/28/elim-chan-2023-ghana-vs-nigeria-les-compos-officielles |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=africatopsports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Godswill ya samu gayyatar farko zuwa CHAN Eagles don buga wasan neman cancantar shiga gasar CHAN ta 2022 mai matakai biyu da tawagar Ghana B. Bai shiga wasan farko ba, amma ya fara wasan da aka yi a filin wasa na Moshood Abiola National Stadium a ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2022. [1]

A watan Yunin 2021, an sanya shi cikin tawagar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] don buga wasan sada zumunci da Mexico . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria confirm 23-man squad for Mexico friendly, four players dropped |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/nigeria-confirm-23-man-squad-for-mexico-friendly-four-players-dropped/apatqqnnw8ey1te04d4n5oq52 |access-date=17 July 2024 |website=goal.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daraja ==

=== Kulob ===

==== Rivers United ====

* Gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya : Ta Lashe 2021–2022

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]]</text>
      <sha1>iiz2xz3lyryhhi0iztiff7msi6h2cun</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ifeanyi George</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151831</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838370</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:09:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1303942246|Ifeanyi George]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838370</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1302" sha1="gjxhc88u8tzbcqpw6zak8s5f5h4nvwx" xml:space="preserve">
'''Ifeanyi George''' (22 Nuwamba 1993 - 22 Maris 2020) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba .

== Sana'a ==
An haife shi a [[Umuahia]], George ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa a kulob ɗin [[Enyimba International F.C.|Enyimba]] da [[Enugu Rangers]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|pid=68917|accessdate=27 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya samu damar buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasanni biyu a shekarar 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|accessdate=27 June 2020}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/68917.html &quot;Ifeanyi George&quot;]. ''National Football Teams''. Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;27 June&lt;/span&gt; 2020&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mutuwa ==
Ifeanyi ya mutu ne a hatsarin mota a ranar 22 ga Maris 2020 yayin da yake tafiya daga Enugu zuwa Legas bayan soke gasar Najeriya saboda COVID-19 . An ruwaito cewa Ifenayi, tare da abokin wasansa Emmanuel Ogbu da abokinsa Eteka Gabriel, sun yi karo da wata mota mai dauke da na'urar hangen nesa. Duk mutane 3 da ke cikin motar sun mutu a wurin da lamarin ya faru. [1] [2] [3]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutattun 2020]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]]</text>
      <sha1>gjxhc88u8tzbcqpw6zak8s5f5h4nvwx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838371</id>
      <parentid>838370</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:09:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838371</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1313" sha1="ddy62sauqybxkt8h74uawg0uh3ho9lx" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Ifeanyi George''' (22 Nuwamba 1993 - 22 Maris 2020) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba .

== Sana'a ==
An haife shi a [[Umuahia]], George ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa a kulob ɗin [[Enyimba International F.C.|Enyimba]] da [[Enugu Rangers]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|pid=68917|accessdate=27 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya samu damar buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasanni biyu a shekarar 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|accessdate=27 June 2020}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/68917.html &quot;Ifeanyi George&quot;]. ''National Football Teams''. Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;27 June&lt;/span&gt; 2020&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mutuwa ==
Ifeanyi ya mutu ne a hatsarin mota a ranar 22 ga Maris 2020 yayin da yake tafiya daga Enugu zuwa Legas bayan soke gasar Najeriya saboda COVID-19 . An ruwaito cewa Ifenayi, tare da abokin wasansa Emmanuel Ogbu da abokinsa Eteka Gabriel, sun yi karo da wata mota mai dauke da na'urar hangen nesa. Duk mutane 3 da ke cikin motar sun mutu a wurin da lamarin ya faru. [1] [2] [3]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutattun 2020]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]]</text>
      <sha1>ddy62sauqybxkt8h74uawg0uh3ho9lx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lucky Idahor</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151832</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838374</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:10:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328692073|Lucky Idahor]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838374</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3403" sha1="6viibm37pprvw7lt7cvrgj5vxx7v1wl" xml:space="preserve">
'''Lucky Issy Idahor''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Agusta 1980) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]], wanda ya buga wasa na ƙarshe a FC Zorya Luhansk a [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]] .

== Sana'a ==
Ya sanya hannu a Tavriya a watan Janairun 2007, bayan ya taɓa bugawa FC Karpaty Lviv, Inter Baku da Vorskla Poltava . Idahor ya fara aikinsa na Turai a shekarar 2000 tare da FC Dynamo Kyiv, wanda ya buga wa ƙungiyar a gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA . [1] Idahor ya zura wa Tavriya kwallo mai kyau a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin Ukrainian a shekarar 2010 da Metalurh Donetsk . [2]

== Ƙididdigar aiki ==
{{Updated|Match played 1 December 2013}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=I. IDAHOR|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/issy-lucky-idahor/37118/|publisher=Soccerway|accessdate=2 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Lucky Idahor|url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4825/Lucky_Idahor.html|publisher=National Football Teams | accessdate=2 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Club performance
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Season
!Club
!League
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
|2001-02
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Dynamo Kyiv
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ukrainian Premier League
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |19
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |5
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |
|0
|0
|19
|5
|-
|2002-03
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |8
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |0
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |
|7
|2
|15
|2
|-
|2003-04
|Vorskla Poltava
|14
|5
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|14
|5
|-
|2004-05&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2004/05 APL Stats |url=http://www.pfl.az/upload/arxiv/200405/oyuncustats200405.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060136/http://www.pfl.az/upload/arxiv/200405/oyuncustats200405.pdf |archive-date=21 September 2013 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Peşəkar Futbol Liqası}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Inter Baku
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Azerbaijan Premier League
|11
|2
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|11
|2
|-
|2005-06&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2005/06 APL Stats |url=http://www.pfl.az/upload/arxiv/200506/oyuncustats200506.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016145729/http://www.pfl.az/upload/arxiv/200506/oyuncustats200506.pdf |archive-date=16 October 2013 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Peşəkar Futbol Liqası}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|19
|6
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|19
|6
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2006-07
|Karpaty Lviv
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Ukrainian Premier League
|10
|0
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|10
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Tavriya Simferopol
|11
|5
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|11
|5
|-
|2007-08
|30
|7
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|30
|7
|-
|2008-09
|26
|7
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|26
|7
|-
|2009-10
|25
|5
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |4
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|29
|5
|-
|2010-11
|30
|13
|2
|1
|2
|1
|34
|15
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2011-12
|9
|1
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|10
|1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Zorya Luhansk
|10
|2
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|11
|2
|-
|2012-13
|25
|3
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|26
|3
|-
|2013-14
|3
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|3
|0
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ukraine
!220
!53
!9
!1
!9
!3
!238
!57
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Azerbaijan
!30
!8
!
!
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!30
!8
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Career total
!250
!61
!9
!1
!9
!3
!268
!65
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]]</text>
      <sha1>6viibm37pprvw7lt7cvrgj5vxx7v1wl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838375</id>
      <parentid>838374</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:10:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838375</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3414" sha1="p61zj1xozmz20ecqaxp1hpbl1iq3311" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Lucky Issy Idahor''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Agusta 1980) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]], wanda ya buga wasa na ƙarshe a FC Zorya Luhansk a [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]] .

== Sana'a ==
Ya sanya hannu a Tavriya a watan Janairun 2007, bayan ya taɓa bugawa FC Karpaty Lviv, Inter Baku da Vorskla Poltava . Idahor ya fara aikinsa na Turai a shekarar 2000 tare da FC Dynamo Kyiv, wanda ya buga wa ƙungiyar a gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA . [1] Idahor ya zura wa Tavriya kwallo mai kyau a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin Ukrainian a shekarar 2010 da Metalurh Donetsk . [2]

== Ƙididdigar aiki ==
{{Updated|Match played 1 December 2013}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=I. IDAHOR|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/issy-lucky-idahor/37118/|publisher=Soccerway|accessdate=2 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Lucky Idahor|url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4825/Lucky_Idahor.html|publisher=National Football Teams | accessdate=2 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Club performance
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Season
!Club
!League
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
|2001-02
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Dynamo Kyiv
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ukrainian Premier League
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |19
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |5
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |
|0
|0
|19
|5
|-
|2002-03
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |8
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |0
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |
|7
|2
|15
|2
|-
|2003-04
|Vorskla Poltava
|14
|5
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|14
|5
|-
|2004-05&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2004/05 APL Stats |url=http://www.pfl.az/upload/arxiv/200405/oyuncustats200405.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060136/http://www.pfl.az/upload/arxiv/200405/oyuncustats200405.pdf |archive-date=21 September 2013 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Peşəkar Futbol Liqası}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Inter Baku
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Azerbaijan Premier League
|11
|2
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |
| bgcolor=&quot;silver&quot; |
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|11
|2
|-
|2005-06&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2005/06 APL Stats |url=http://www.pfl.az/upload/arxiv/200506/oyuncustats200506.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016145729/http://www.pfl.az/upload/arxiv/200506/oyuncustats200506.pdf |archive-date=16 October 2013 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Peşəkar Futbol Liqası}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|19
|6
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|19
|6
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2006-07
|Karpaty Lviv
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Ukrainian Premier League
|10
|0
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|10
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Tavriya Simferopol
|11
|5
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|11
|5
|-
|2007-08
|30
|7
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|30
|7
|-
|2008-09
|26
|7
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|26
|7
|-
|2009-10
|25
|5
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |4
| bgcolor=&quot;gold&quot; |0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|29
|5
|-
|2010-11
|30
|13
|2
|1
|2
|1
|34
|15
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2011-12
|9
|1
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|10
|1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Zorya Luhansk
|10
|2
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|11
|2
|-
|2012-13
|25
|3
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|26
|3
|-
|2013-14
|3
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|3
|0
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ukraine
!220
!53
!9
!1
!9
!3
!238
!57
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Azerbaijan
!30
!8
!
!
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!30
!8
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Career total
!250
!61
!9
!1
!9
!3
!268
!65
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]]</text>
      <sha1>p61zj1xozmz20ecqaxp1hpbl1iq3311</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sam Ibiam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151833</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838376</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:11:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343259359|Sam Ibiam]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838376</origin>
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      <text bytes="1199" sha1="h4tsb6b4fkyq011yd3sa7fcs6nhzxer" xml:space="preserve">
'''Sam Henshaw Ibiam''' (4 Afrilu 1925 &amp;#x2013; 2 Disamba 2015), wanda aka fi sani da '''The Black Magnet''' a lokacin da yake wasa, [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]] wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] ga [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Najeriya]] wadda aka ɗauke ta a matsayin &quot;Masu Yawon Bude Ido na Burtaniya na 1949&quot;.  Ya yi ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa a 1958. 

== Sana'ar wasa ==
Aikin Sam Ibiam ya fito fili yayin da yake tare da ƙungiyar Port Harcourt XI.  Domin girmama nasarorin da ya samu, an karrama Sam Ibiam a lokacin &quot;Kyautar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Farko ga Jaruman Wasanni da Jaruman da suka gabata&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;sam&quot; /&gt;

== Aikin koyarwa ==
Bayan ya yi ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa a shekarar 1960, Sam ya yi aiki a matsayin babban kocin ƙungiyar Aba XI kafin ya koma Hukumar Watsa Labarai ta Najeriya. [1]

== Daraja ==

=== Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa ===

* Kofin Jalco - 1958

== Mutuwa ==
Sam ya mutu a ranar 2 ga Disamba, 2015, a gidansa da ke [[Ebonyi|Jihar Ebonyi]], Najeriya. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Matattun 2015]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
      <sha1>h4tsb6b4fkyq011yd3sa7fcs6nhzxer</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838378</id>
      <parentid>838376</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T12:11:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838378</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1210" sha1="er4zepsq0gaaa0398l522vqcohpfqa2" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Sam Henshaw Ibiam''' (4 Afrilu 1925 &amp;#x2013; 2 Disamba 2015), wanda aka fi sani da '''The Black Magnet''' a lokacin da yake wasa, [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]] wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] ga [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Najeriya]] wadda aka ɗauke ta a matsayin &quot;Masu Yawon Bude Ido na Burtaniya na 1949&quot;.  Ya yi ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa a 1958. 

== Sana'ar wasa ==
Aikin Sam Ibiam ya fito fili yayin da yake tare da ƙungiyar Port Harcourt XI.  Domin girmama nasarorin da ya samu, an karrama Sam Ibiam a lokacin &quot;Kyautar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Farko ga Jaruman Wasanni da Jaruman da suka gabata&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;sam&quot; /&gt;

== Aikin koyarwa ==
Bayan ya yi ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa a shekarar 1960, Sam ya yi aiki a matsayin babban kocin ƙungiyar Aba XI kafin ya koma Hukumar Watsa Labarai ta Najeriya. [1]

== Daraja ==

=== Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa ===

* Kofin Jalco - 1958

== Mutuwa ==
Sam ya mutu a ranar 2 ga Disamba, 2015, a gidansa da ke [[Ebonyi|Jihar Ebonyi]], Najeriya. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Matattun 2015]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
      <sha1>er4zepsq0gaaa0398l522vqcohpfqa2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:נעם12</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
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      <comment>علاء moved page [[Tattaunawar user:נעם12]] to [[Tattaunawar user:נעם1]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/נעם12|נעם12]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/נעם1|נעם1]]&quot;</comment>
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  <page>
    <title>Janet Akekoromowe</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:06:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Victorpeter001</username>
        <id>44932</id>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355215802|Janet Akekoromowe]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Seimeyeha Janet Akekoromowe ‘yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce daga Najeriya wadda ke taka leda a matsayin mai kai hari ga ƙungiyar Bayelsa Queens a gasar Nigeria Women Football League (NWFL). Ta wakilci Nigeria a matakin matasa tare da Nigeria women's national under-20 football team. Ta fara samun shahara ne sakamakon rawar da ta taka a gasar NWFL da kuma halartar da ta yi a gasar neman gurbin shiga 2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup da kuma na 2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup.''' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adewale |first=Abiodun |date=2026-02-05 |title=‘Akekoromowei focused on Falconets duty’ |url=https://punchng.com/akekoromowei-focused-on-falconets-duty/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelechi |date=2026-02-06 |title=Falconets Star Akekoromowei Delays Europe Move for World Cup Qualifier |url=https://www.footballinnigeria.com.ng/youth-development/falconets-star-akekoromowei-delays-europe-move-for-world-cup-qualifier/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Amosu |first=Adeboye |date=2026-02-06 |title=EXCLUSIVE: Falconets Star Delays European Move To Focus On World Cup |url=https://www.completesports.com/exclusive-falconets-star-delays-european-move-to-focus-on-world-cup/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |website=Complete Sports |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko da Ilimi ==
An haifi Akekoromowei a Ese-Odo, [[Ondo (jiha)|Jihar Ondo]], Najeriya, kuma ta girma a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas.]] Ita ce ta ƙarshe cikin yara goma sha ɗaya. Ta halarci Makarantar Yara ta 'Yan Sanda da [[Takardar shaidar barin makarantar sakandare|Makarantar Sakandare]] ta Kwamandan a Legas . 


== Ayyukan kwallon kafa ==
Akekoromowei ta buga wa [[Nasarawa United F.C.|Nasarawa]] Amazons wasa a gasar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya . A lokacin kakar 2024-25 ta NWFL, ta fito a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasan league kuma ta gama a matsayin mai zira kwallaye na biyu mafi girma tare da kwallaye 13 a wasanni 19. An kuma ba ta suna 'yar wasa mafi mahimmanci (MVP). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adewale |first=Abiodun |date=2026-02-05 |title=‘Akekoromowei focused on Falconets duty’ |url=https://punchng.com/akekoromowei-focused-on-falconets-duty/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Queens na Bayelsa ===
A watan Yulin 2025, Akekoromowei ya sanya hannu ga Bayelsa Queens daga Nasarawa Amazons gabanin kakar 2025-26. An sanar da canja wurin ne a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirye-shiryen Bayelsa Queens don CAF Women's Champions League da kuma yakin neman zabe na NWFL. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-08-30 |title=Bayelsa Queens 4-1 Sam Nelly: Akekoromowei on fire as NWFL champions maintain perfect run - Soccernet NG |url=https://soccernet.ng/2025/08/bayelsa-queens-sam-nelly-akekoromow-nwfl.html |access-date=2026-05-20 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Obah |first=Amara |date=2025-07-03 |title=Bayelsa Queens sign striker Janet Akekoromowei |url=https://www.aclsports.com/bayelsa-queens-sign-striker-janet-akekoromowei/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |website=ACLSports |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Flames |first=Sport |date=2025-07-04 |title=Transfer: Bayelsa Queens FC announces the signing of Janet Akekoromowei - Sport Flames {{!}}{{!}} Female Football {{!}} Janet Akekoromowei {{!}} NWFL |url=https://sportflames.com/2025/07/transfer-bayelsa-queens-fc-announces-the-signing-of-janet-akekoromowei/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan tafiyarta, ta zama babban dan wasa ga kulob din, tana ba da gudummawa ga burin da taimakawa a gasa ta cikin gida da na yanki. A lokacin da ta samu damar shiga gasar zakarun mata ta WAFU B ta 2025, ta zira kwallaye masu muhimmanci ga Bayelsa Queens kuma ta sami lambar yabo ta Player of the Match a wasannin da ta yi da Sam-Nelly FC da USFA. An kuma zabe ta a matsayin NWFL Firayim Minista Matchday One Top Performer a lokacin kakar 2025-26.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adebayo |first=Olusola |date=2025-12-03 |title=Bayelsa United Forward Akekoromowei Wins NWFL Premiership Week One Top Performer Award |url=https://www.sports247.ng/bayelsa-united-forward-akekoromowei-wins-nwfl-premiership-week-one-top-performer-award/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |website=Sports247 Nigeria |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-05-18 |title=Janet Akekeromowei named NWFL Premiership MVP in debut season – The NWFL |url=https://thenwfl.com/2025/05/18/janet-akekeromowei-named-nwfl-premiership-mvp-in-debut-season/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kasa da kasa ==
Akekoromowei ya wakilci Najeriya a matakin matasa tare da Falconets . Ta kasance daga cikin tawagar Najeriya don gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-20 ta 2024 a Colombia kuma ta buga wasanni uku a lokacin gasar. 

Daga baya ta fito fili a lokacin yakin neman cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-20 ta 2026, inda ta ci kwallaye a wasannin da suka dace da Rwanda da kuma shiga wasannin shirye-shiryen tawagar. 

Rahotanni a cikin 2026 sun haɗa ta da yiwuwar motsawa zuwa kungiyoyin Turai ciki har da FC Barcelona Femení, SL Benfica (mata) da Paris Saint-Germain Féminine, kodayake ta bayyana cewa nan da nan ta mai da hankali ne akan taimakawa Najeriya ta cancanci gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-20 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kelechi |date=2026-02-06 |title=Falconets Star Akekoromowei Delays Europe Move for World Cup Qualifier |url=https://www.footballinnigeria.com.ng/youth-development/falconets-star-akekoromowei-delays-europe-move-for-world-cup-qualifier/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adewale |first=Abiodun |date=2026-02-05 |title=‘Akekoromowei focused on Falconets duty’ |url=https://punchng.com/akekoromowei-focused-on-falconets-duty/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-08-22 |title=&quot;I couldn't afford university&quot; - Father of Falconet star elated his daughter will play for Nigeria at the U-20 FIFA Women's World Cup - Soccernet NG |url=https://soccernet.ng/2024/08/i-couldnt-afford-university-father-of-falconet-star-elated-his-daughter-will-play-for-nigeria-at-the-u-20-fifa-womens-world-cup.html |access-date=2026-05-20 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Salon wasa ==
An bayyana Akekoromowei a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na wasanni na Najeriya a matsayin mai ci gaba da aka sani da iyawarta ta gama, kai farmaki ga hankali da saurin.

== Daraja da kyaututtuka ==

=== Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Najeriya Mafi Kyawun Dan wasa: 2024-25 ===
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Amosu |first=Adeboye |date=2026-02-06 |title=EXCLUSIVE: Falconets Star Delays European Move To Focus On World Cup |url=https://www.completesports.com/exclusive-falconets-star-delays-european-move-to-focus-on-world-cup/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |website=Complete Sports |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adewale |first=Abiodun |date=2026-02-05 |title=‘Akekoromowei focused on Falconets duty’ |url=https://punchng.com/akekoromowei-focused-on-falconets-duty/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; NWFL Firayim Minista Wasanni Daya Mafi Girma Mai Aiki: 2025-26 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adewale |first=Abiodun |date=2026-02-05 |title=‘Akekoromowei focused on Falconets duty’ |url=https://punchng.com/akekoromowei-focused-on-falconets-duty/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nassoshi ==
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  <page>
    <title>Barnabas Imenger (ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, an haife shi a shekara ta 1975)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151836</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838415</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:11:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338395829|Barnabas Imenger (footballer, born 1975)]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Barnabas Shikaan Imenger''' (15 ga Mayu 1975 - 22 Maris 2021) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne kuma manaja a Najeriya.

== Sana'a ==
Imenger ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya a Lobi Bank da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya, [1] ya buga wasanni 8 a ƙasashen waje. [2]

Daga baya ya jagoranci Lobi Stars . 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]]</text>
      <sha1>tvltcjb88zgy8ritgrueed2a4cw9qof</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>838421</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:15:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338395829|Barnabas Imenger (footballer, born 1975)]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Barnabas Shikaan Imenger''' (15 ga Mayu 1975 - 22 Maris 2021) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne kuma manaja a Najeriya.&lt;ref&gt;Barnabas Imenger&quot;. ''National Football Teams''. Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann. Retrieved 23 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Former Super Eagles midfielder Barnabas Imenger dies after brief illness&quot;. Legit.ng. 22 March 2021. Archived from the original on 23 March 2021. Retrieved 23 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Imenger ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya a Lobi Bank da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya, [1] ya buga wasanni 8 a ƙasashen waje. [2]

Daga baya ya jagoranci Lobi Stars . 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]]</text>
      <sha1>3606l7oua7udemdiggezbf0jxm2sprt</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>838423</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:16:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
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      <text bytes="719" sha1="dqj2qhnw4jan6dsq9sbjb5uk03bfde9" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Barnabas Shikaan Imenger''' (15 ga Mayu 1975 - 22 Maris 2021) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne kuma manaja a Najeriya.&lt;ref&gt;Barnabas Imenger&quot;. ''National Football Teams''. Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann. Retrieved 23 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Former Super Eagles midfielder Barnabas Imenger dies after brief illness&quot;. Legit.ng. 22 March 2021. Archived from the original on 23 March 2021. Retrieved 23 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Imenger ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya a Lobi Bank da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya, [1] ya buga wasanni 8 a ƙasashen waje. [2]

Daga baya ya jagoranci Lobi Stars . 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]]</text>
      <sha1>dqj2qhnw4jan6dsq9sbjb5uk03bfde9</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Nuna</title>
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    <id>151837</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:13:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pretty Fulani</username>
        <id>44366</id>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333769600|Nuna]]&quot;</comment>
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&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Sidebar/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; 
[[Fayil:Nuna3atZandvoort1.JPG|thumb|300x300px|Nuna 3 a filin wasa na ZandvoortGidan shakatawa na Zandvoort]]
'''Nuna'''  sunan jerin motocin tsere masu amfani da hasken rana waɗanda suka lashe gasar Duniya ta Solar Challenge a Ostiraliya sau takwas: a 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2013, 2015, 2017 da 2025. Ɗaliban da ke cikin &quot;Brunel Solar Team&quot; (wadda a da Nuon Solar Team da Vattenfall Solar Team) ne suka gina motocin a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Delft da ke Netherlands, wanda kamfanin Brunel International [nl] na ƙasar Holland (wanda a da N.V. Nuon Energy) ke ɗaukar nauyinsa.

== Nuna 1 (2001) ==

=== Ka'idojin ƙira ===
Don samun kyakkyawar dama don cin nasara, motar dole ne ta:

* tattara makamashi mai yawa na hasken rana kamar yadda zai yiwu
* yi amfani da ƙaramin makamashi kamar yadda zai yiwu don tuki a wani saurin. Wannan yana nufin kulawa ta musamman ga: ingancin canja wurin wutar lantarki zuwa ƙafafun, da rage rikici, wanda ya ƙunshi: rikici na iska (tsayayyar iska), da rikici mai juyawa, wanda nauyin ya shafi shi, da sauransu.
** ingancin canja wurin wutar lantarki zuwa ƙafafun, da
** rage rikice-rikice, wanda ya ƙunshi: rikice-rikicen iska (tsayayyar iska), da rikice-ƙarfe mai juyawa, wanda nauyin ya shafi shi, da sauransu
*** gogewar iska (tsayayyar iska), da kuma
*** jujjuyawar friction, wanda nauyin ya shafi shi, da sauransu

=== Kwayoyin hasken rana ===
Ana yin sel na hasken rana da gallium arsenide (GaAs) kuma sun ƙunshi yadudduka uku. Hasken rana wanda ke shiga cikin Layer na sama ana amfani dashi a cikin ƙananan yadudduka, wanda ke haifar da ingancin sama da 26%. Wannan nau'in tantanin hasken rana yana daga cikin mafi kyawun samuwa a halin yanzu. Baya ga inganci, girman yana da mahimmanci, don haka duk saman Nuna 3 an rufe shi da su, ban da ɗakin jirgi.

Ingancin yana da kyau lokacin da hasken rana ya buga sel a tsaye. Idan ba haka ba, fitarwa yana raguwa ta hanyar kusan cosine na kusurwa tare da madaidaiciya. 
[[Fayil:VIcharacteristicSolarCell.jpg|left|thumb|VI halayyar tantanin hasken rana]]
kaya hasken rana tana ba da wani adadin halin yanzu don wani adadin hasken rana. Rashin ƙarfin lantarki ya dogara da nauyin (mafi daidai da juriya na nauyin). iko shine samfurin ƙarfin lantarki da na yanzu sabili da haka ya dogara da nauyin. A kan wani ƙarfin lantarki halin yanzu na tantanin hasken rana da sauri ya sauka zuwa sifili, kamar yadda jadawalin ya nuna.

Duk da haka, batirin yana da ƙarfin lantarki mai daidaito, wanda kuma yana da ƙima daban da na ƙwayoyin hasken rana. Don haka ana buƙatar canjin ƙarfin lantarki. Ana amfani da wani nau'in na'urar canza wutar lantarki ta DC-DC don tabbatar da cewa juriyar lodin da aka gabatar wa ƙwayoyin hasken rana ta kasance ta yadda ƙwayoyin hasken rana ke ba da ƙarfi mafi girma, haka nan kuma a saman layin kore a cikin jadawalin. Ana kiran wannan da mai bin diddigin ma'aunin wutar lantarki mafi girma (MPPT). A nan ma, manufar ita ce a sami wannan juyawa ya cimma matsakaicin inganci (&gt;97%).

=== Tsarin iska ===
[[Fayil:NunaModelWindTunnel.jpg|right|thumb|Ƙasa na samfurin Nuna 3 a cikin Ramin iska]]
Rashin ƙarfin iska wani muhimmin bangare ne na jimlar juriya. Muhimmanci shine yankin gaba da kuma ma'aunin jan hankali. Dole ne a tsara siffar don adana kwararar laminar, yayin da turbulence ke haifar da karuwar jan hankali. Ana samun kyakkyawan siffar a matakai daban-daban:

# Ta hanyar kwaikwayon kwamfuta na ƙirar.
# Ta hanyar gwaji na samfurin sikelin a cikin Ramin iska. Misali, ana iya amfani da fentin ruwa don ganin kwararar iska a saman. An dauki hoton da aka nuna a lokacin daya daga cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwaje a cikin Low Speed Laboratory na TU Delft.
# Ta hanyar gwaji na cikakken mota a cikin ramin iska. Don wannan, ana amfani da DNW Large Low-Speed Facility (LLF) a Marknesse.

Daga bayanan yanayi a yankin da za a gudanar da gasar, ana iya kammala cewa akwai yiwuwar iska mai karfi. An tsara ƙuƙwalwar ƙafafun Nuna 3 ta yadda iska ta gefe za ta sami sakamako mai motsawa.

=== Motar ===
[[Fayil:BielMotorEfficiency.jpg|thumb|Ingancin injin Biel, akan saurin]]
Motar tana cikin motar baya gaba ɗaya don rage asarar ta hanyar watsawa ta inji daga mota zuwa motar (kamar a cikin mota ta al'ada a cikin akwatin kayan aiki da cardan). Motar ingantacciyar sigar asalin 1993 Motar Ruhun Biel II ta Makarantar Injiniya ta Biel, Switzerland [http://www.ti.bfh.ch/  (yanzu: Berner Fachhochschule Technik und Informatik)] . Ci gaban ya faru ne saboda sake fasalin wutar lantarki da sarrafawa na dijital, wanda aka samu a shekarar 1999. Sun ba da izinin ƙarin iko 50% (sama da 2400 W) da kuma 45% mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da 1993 Spirit of Biel II. Hakanan an inganta ingancin tsarin motsa jiki (gami da asarar wutar lantarki) kuma yanzu ya wuce 98%. Amma kamar yadda jadawalin ya nuna wannan ya dogara da saurin kuma yana ƙaruwa tare da saurin. An fara zane ne don isa ga matsakaicin aikinsa a saurin tafiya na yau da kullun na motar hasken rana a kusan 100 km / h.&amp;nbsp;

=== Tseren ===
Samun nasarar tseren yana buƙatar ba kawai abin hawa mai kyau ba har ma da hanyar da ta dace don tuki, daidai da halaye na hanya. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka bincika wannan na watanni biyu kafin tseren. Ana tsara bambance-bambance na tsawo kuma suna da alaƙa da bayanan [[Tsarin Matsayin Duniya|GPS]]. Daga wannan, a lokacin tseren, ana iya ƙayyade saurin mafi kyau. 

Duk da duk gwaje-gwaje da sauran shirye-shirye, wani abu da ba a tabbatar da shi ba ya kasance; [[yanayi]]. Duk wani girgije zai yi tasiri sosai ga yawan hasken rana da za a iya kamawa. Don haka duk wani canjin yanayi a kan hanya dole ne a saka idanu akai-akai. Dukkanin waɗannan bayanan ana nazarin su ta hanyar samfurin kwamfuta wanda ke ƙididdige saurin da ya dace don wannan lokacin. An gina wannan kayan aiki a cikin motocin matukin jirgi (mai amfani da man fetur). Ta hanyar telemetry waɗannan koyaushe suna karɓar bayanai game da yanayin batir da adadin hasken rana da aka kama.

== Kungiyar ==
Kowace sigar Nuna an gina ta ne ta ƙungiyar da ta ƙunshi ɗaliban Jami'ar Fasaha ta Delft. Ƙungiyar tana da mambobi tsakanin goma zuwa ashirin. Suna ɗaukar shekara guda daga karatunsu don tsara da gina sabuwar sigar motar tsere ta hasken rana tun daga tushe. A shekara ta 2001 ƙungiyar alpha-centauri ce ta gina Nuna 1. An ba su jagora daga tsohon ɗan sama jannatin Wubbo Ockels. Daga 2002 zuwa 2019 ana kiran ƙungiyar da Nuon Solar Team. Tun daga 2022 ƙungiyar ana kiranta Brunel Solar Team.

== Nuna ==
Ƙungiyar Nuna ta farko (Alpha Centauri Team) Nuon ce ta tallafawa. Kungiyar ta kunshi galibi dalibai daga Jami'ar Fasaha ta Delft waɗanda tsohon ɗan saman jannati Wubbo Ockels ya jagoranta. Wannan shi ne karo na farko da tawagar Dutch ta shiga cikin tseren, kuma sun lashe tseren kilomita 3021 a cikin awanni 32 da minti 39, sun karya tsohuwar rikodin da ƙungiyar Honda ta yi daga 1996 (sa'o'i 33 da minti 32). Matsakaicin saurin ya kasance kilomita 91.8 a kowace awa.&amp;nbsp;

== Nuna 2 (2003) ==
Nuna 2 ta lashe tseren a cikin sa'o'i 31.05 da matsakaicin saurin 97.02 km / h don tseren kilomita 3021, ta karya rikodin tseren na tawagar da ta gabata Nuna 1.&amp;nbsp;

== Nuna 3 (2005) ==
[[Fayil:Nuna3Team.JPG|thumb|200x200px|Kungiyar a tseren Zandvoort]]
Nuna 3 na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka fi so don fitowar 2005 na Ƙalubalen Hasken Rana na Duniya tare da saurin gwajin gwaji na 130 km / h. Sakamakon karshe shi ne cewa an rufe kilomita 3021 tsakanin Darwin da Adelaide a cikin rikodin awanni 29 da minti 11, matsakaicin kimanin kilomita 103 / h. Wannan har yanzu shine rikodin yanzu na Ƙalubalen Hasken rana na Duniya.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

== Nuna 4 (2007) ==
Babban canje-canje ga Nuna 4 daga wanda ya riga shi Nuna 3 shine motar motsa jiki maimakon maɓallan, wurin zama madaidaici maimakon direba da ke kwance da kuma karamin bangon hasken rana na 6 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; idan aka kwatanta da 9 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; da ya gabata. Wadannan canje-canje sun zama dole ne ta hanyar canje-canje a cikin dokoki da aka haifar da damuwa game da tsaro da ƙoƙari na sa motar ta fi kama da mota ta ainihi, da kuma raguwa a cikin iyakar saurin kan hanyoyin Australiya. Nuna 4 ta lashe gasar a shekara ta 2007.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

== Nuna 5 (2009) ==
[[Fayil:Nuna_5.jpg|right|thumb|150x150px|Nuna 5]]
Babban canje-canjen da aka yi wa Nuna 5 daga wanda ya gabace shi Nuna 4 shine raguwar nauyin batirin, wanda ya canza daga kilogiram 30 a shekarar 2007 zuwa kilogiram 25. Sauran canje-canjen sun buƙaci a hana motoci yin tsere a kan tayoyin da aka yi amfani da su a baya (tayoyi masu santsi), maimakon haka, ana buƙatar tayoyin da aka yi wa fenti (masu tafiya ko masu ratsawa). Haka kuma, an buƙaci direban ya zauna a tsaye tare da kusurwar zama, aƙalla digiri 27.  Ya kammala na biyu.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

== Nuna 6 (2011) ==
[[Fayil:Nuna_6.jpg|right|thumb|150x150px|Nuna 6]]
Babban canje-canje ga Nuna 6 daga wanda ya riga shi Nuna 5 shine canjin sel na hasken rana zuwa sel na silicon monocrystalline, da kuma batirin batir - duka biyu daidai da sabbin dokoki. An kuma rage nauyin mota da jan iska.

== Nuna 7 (2013) ==
[[Fayil:Nuna_7.jpg|thumb|150x150px|Nuna 7, wanda ya lashe gasar Bridgestone World Solar Challenge ta 20132013 Bridgestone World Solar Challenge]]
Babban canji ga Nuna 7 daga wadanda suka riga shi shine cewa yana da ƙafafu huɗu maimakon uku, kamar yadda sabbin dokoki na ƙalubalen hasken rana na Duniya suka buƙaci. Har ila yau, abin hawa ba shi da daidaituwa, kamar yadda ɗakin direba yake a gefen dama. Nauyin batir da abin hawa ba su canza ba dangane da wanda ya riga shi, Nuna 6. Nuna 7 ta lashe gasar Bridgestone World Solar Challenge ta 2013.

== Nuna 8 (2015) ==
[[Fayil:Nuna_8S_Inside.jpg|thumb|150x150px|Nuna 8S, an gyara shi don ƙalubalen Sasol SolarƘalubalen Hasken rana na Sasol]]
A cikin ɗaliban masu kalubalantar, ƙungiyar daga Jami'ar Fasaha ta Delft ta riƙe taken tare da [[Nuna 8]] da matsakaicin saurin 91.75 km / h (57.01 mph), a gaban takwarorinsu na Dutch, Jami'ar Twente, wanda ya jagoranci mafi yawan tseren, amma ya gama minti 8 kawai a bayansu a matsayi na biyu. Wani gyare-gyaren mota, Nuna 8S, ya lashe 2016 Sasol Solar Challenge a Afirka ta Kudu.

== Nuna 9 (2017) ==
A cikin ɗaliban masu kalubalantar, ƙungiyar daga Delft ta sake riƙe taken su tare da [[Nuna 9]] da matsakaicin saurin 81.2 km / h (50.5 mph), a gaban Jami'ar Michigan Solar Car Team. Wani gyare-gyare na mota, Nuna 9S, ya lashe 2018 Sasol Solar Challenge a Afirka ta Kudu.

== Nuna X (2019) ==
Nuna X (10) ya kasance a wuri na farko a ranar ƙarshe ta tseren tare da matsakaicin saurin 85.22 km / h (52.95 mph), amma tseren su ya ƙare ba zato ba tsammani saboda wuta a cikin mota. Motar ta kone cikin minti daya, ta hana tawagar lashe lambar yabo ta 8 a duniya. Wannan shi ne karo na farko tun lokacin da tawagar ta fara shiga cikin Gwagwarmayar Hasken rana ta Duniya cewa sun kasa samun wuri a kan podium. Wani fasalin motar da aka gyara, Nuna Phoenix, ya kafa rikodin duniya don mafi yawan kilomita da aka tuka ta amfani da ikon rana kawai: kilomita 924 bayan an soke tseren su saboda COVID-19.

== Nuna 11 (2021) ==
Nuna 11 ta fuskanci irin waɗannan matsalolin kamar Nuna Phoenix. A farkon lokacin ƙirar su ya zama kamar za a gudanar da sigar 2021 na Ƙalubalen Hasken rana na Duniya. Amma watanni biyu kafin taron, an soke shi saboda COVID-19. Ya haifar da tawagar da ta kafa ƙalubalen hasken rana na Morocco inda suka gama a matsayi na uku. Wani gyare-gyare na mota, Nuna 11s, ya lashe gasar Sasol Solar Challenge ta 2022 a Afirka ta Kudu.

== Dubi kuma ==

* Twente One, motar tseren hasken rana ta Dutch daga Jami'ar Twente.
* ''SolUTra'', motar TU wacce ta riga ta wuce Twente One.
* Motocin hasken rana na Stella na Jami'ar Fasaha ta Dutch Eindhoven wanda ya lashe ajin Cruiser na WSC a cikin 2013 da 2015.
* Jerin ƙungiyoyin motocin hasken rana
* Ƙalubalen Rana na Duniya

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

* [http://www.nuonsolarteam.com www.nuonsolarteam.com]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090207001211/http://www.solpower.nl/ Shafin yanar gizo na ƙungiyar Nuna 3 (yawanci daga Ostiraliya)]
* [http://www.speedace.info/solar_cars/nuon_solar_car_team_netherlands.htm Shafin magana akan ƙungiyar Nuon Solar]
* [https://www.flickr.com/photos/nuonsolarteam/ Hotuna daga ƙungiyar hasken rana ta Nuon]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:Nuna3atZandvoort1.JPG|thumb|300x300px|Nuna 3 a filin wasa na ZandvoortGidan shakatawa na Zandvoort]]
'''Nuna'''  sunan jerin motocin tsere masu amfani da hasken rana waɗanda suka lashe gasar Duniya ta Solar Challenge a Ostiraliya sau takwas: a 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2013, 2015, 2017 da 2025. Ɗaliban da ke cikin &quot;Brunel Solar Team&quot; (wadda a da Nuon Solar Team da Vattenfall Solar Team) ne suka gina motocin a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Delft da ke Netherlands, wanda kamfanin Brunel International [nl] na ƙasar Holland (wanda a da N.V. Nuon Energy) ke ɗaukar nauyinsa.

== Nuna 1 (2001) ==

=== Ka'idojin ƙira ===
Don samun kyakkyawar dama don cin nasara, motar dole ne ta:

* tattara makamashi mai yawa na hasken rana kamar yadda zai yiwu
* yi amfani da ƙaramin makamashi kamar yadda zai yiwu don tuki a wani saurin. Wannan yana nufin kulawa ta musamman ga: ingancin canja wurin wutar lantarki zuwa ƙafafun, da rage rikici, wanda ya ƙunshi: rikici na iska (tsayayyar iska), da rikici mai juyawa, wanda nauyin ya shafi shi, da sauransu.
** ingancin canja wurin wutar lantarki zuwa ƙafafun, da
** rage rikice-rikice, wanda ya ƙunshi: rikice-rikicen iska (tsayayyar iska), da rikice-ƙarfe mai juyawa, wanda nauyin ya shafi shi, da sauransu
*** gogewar iska (tsayayyar iska), da kuma
*** jujjuyawar friction, wanda nauyin ya shafi shi, da sauransu

=== Kwayoyin hasken rana ===
Ana yin sel na hasken rana da gallium arsenide (GaAs) kuma sun ƙunshi yadudduka uku. Hasken rana wanda ke shiga cikin Layer na sama ana amfani dashi a cikin ƙananan yadudduka, wanda ke haifar da ingancin sama da 26%. Wannan nau'in tantanin hasken rana yana daga cikin mafi kyawun samuwa a halin yanzu. Baya ga inganci, girman yana da mahimmanci, don haka duk saman Nuna 3 an rufe shi da su, ban da ɗakin jirgi.

Ingancin yana da kyau lokacin da hasken rana ya buga sel a tsaye. Idan ba haka ba, fitarwa yana raguwa ta hanyar kusan cosine na kusurwa tare da madaidaiciya. 
[[Fayil:VIcharacteristicSolarCell.jpg|left|thumb|VI halayyar tantanin hasken rana]]
kaya hasken rana tana ba da wani adadin halin yanzu don wani adadin hasken rana. Rashin ƙarfin lantarki ya dogara da nauyin (mafi daidai da juriya na nauyin). iko shine samfurin ƙarfin lantarki da na yanzu sabili da haka ya dogara da nauyin. A kan wani ƙarfin lantarki halin yanzu na tantanin hasken rana da sauri ya sauka zuwa sifili, kamar yadda jadawalin ya nuna.

Duk da haka, batirin yana da ƙarfin lantarki mai daidaito, wanda kuma yana da ƙima daban da na ƙwayoyin hasken rana. Don haka ana buƙatar canjin ƙarfin lantarki. Ana amfani da wani nau'in na'urar canza wutar lantarki ta DC-DC don tabbatar da cewa juriyar lodin da aka gabatar wa ƙwayoyin hasken rana ta kasance ta yadda ƙwayoyin hasken rana ke ba da ƙarfi mafi girma, haka nan kuma a saman layin kore a cikin jadawalin. Ana kiran wannan da mai bin diddigin ma'aunin wutar lantarki mafi girma (MPPT). A nan ma, manufar ita ce a sami wannan juyawa ya cimma matsakaicin inganci (&gt;97%).

=== Tsarin iska ===
[[Fayil:NunaModelWindTunnel.jpg|right|thumb|Ƙasa na samfurin Nuna 3 a cikin Ramin iska]]
Rashin ƙarfin iska wani muhimmin bangare ne na jimlar juriya. Muhimmanci shine yankin gaba da kuma ma'aunin jan hankali. Dole ne a tsara siffar don adana kwararar laminar, yayin da turbulence ke haifar da karuwar jan hankali. Ana samun kyakkyawan siffar a matakai daban-daban:

# Ta hanyar kwaikwayon kwamfuta na ƙirar.
# Ta hanyar gwaji na samfurin sikelin a cikin Ramin iska. Misali, ana iya amfani da fentin ruwa don ganin kwararar iska a saman. An dauki hoton da aka nuna a lokacin daya daga cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwaje a cikin Low Speed Laboratory na TU Delft.
# Ta hanyar gwaji na cikakken mota a cikin ramin iska. Don wannan, ana amfani da DNW Large Low-Speed Facility (LLF) a Marknesse.

Daga bayanan yanayi a yankin da za a gudanar da gasar, ana iya kammala cewa akwai yiwuwar iska mai karfi. An tsara ƙuƙwalwar ƙafafun Nuna 3 ta yadda iska ta gefe za ta sami sakamako mai motsawa.

=== Motar ===
[[Fayil:BielMotorEfficiency.jpg|thumb|Ingancin injin Biel, akan saurin]]
Motar tana cikin motar baya gaba ɗaya don rage asarar ta hanyar watsawa ta inji daga mota zuwa motar (kamar a cikin mota ta al'ada a cikin akwatin kayan aiki da cardan). Motar ingantacciyar sigar asalin 1993 Motar Ruhun Biel II ta Makarantar Injiniya ta Biel, Switzerland [http://www.ti.bfh.ch/  (yanzu: Berner Fachhochschule Technik und Informatik)] . Ci gaban ya faru ne saboda sake fasalin wutar lantarki da sarrafawa na dijital, wanda aka samu a shekarar 1999. Sun ba da izinin ƙarin iko 50% (sama da 2400 W) da kuma 45% mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da 1993 Spirit of Biel II. Hakanan an inganta ingancin tsarin motsa jiki (gami da asarar wutar lantarki) kuma yanzu ya wuce 98%. Amma kamar yadda jadawalin ya nuna wannan ya dogara da saurin kuma yana ƙaruwa tare da saurin. An fara zane ne don isa ga matsakaicin aikinsa a saurin tafiya na yau da kullun na motar hasken rana a kusan 100 km / h.&amp;nbsp;

=== Tseren ===
Samun nasarar tseren yana buƙatar ba kawai abin hawa mai kyau ba har ma da hanyar da ta dace don tuki, daidai da halaye na hanya. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka bincika wannan na watanni biyu kafin tseren. Ana tsara bambance-bambance na tsawo kuma suna da alaƙa da bayanan [[Tsarin Matsayin Duniya|GPS]]. Daga wannan, a lokacin tseren, ana iya ƙayyade saurin mafi kyau. 

Duk da duk gwaje-gwaje da sauran shirye-shirye, wani abu da ba a tabbatar da shi ba ya kasance; [[yanayi]]. Duk wani girgije zai yi tasiri sosai ga yawan hasken rana da za a iya kamawa. Don haka duk wani canjin yanayi a kan hanya dole ne a saka idanu akai-akai. Dukkanin waɗannan bayanan ana nazarin su ta hanyar samfurin kwamfuta wanda ke ƙididdige saurin da ya dace don wannan lokacin. An gina wannan kayan aiki a cikin motocin matukin jirgi (mai amfani da man fetur). Ta hanyar telemetry waɗannan koyaushe suna karɓar bayanai game da yanayin batir da adadin hasken rana da aka kama.

== Kungiyar ==
Kowace sigar Nuna an gina ta ne ta ƙungiyar da ta ƙunshi ɗaliban Jami'ar Fasaha ta Delft. Ƙungiyar tana da mambobi tsakanin goma zuwa ashirin. Suna ɗaukar shekara guda daga karatunsu don tsara da gina sabuwar sigar motar tsere ta hasken rana tun daga tushe. A shekara ta 2001 ƙungiyar alpha-centauri ce ta gina Nuna 1. An ba su jagora daga tsohon ɗan sama jannatin Wubbo Ockels. Daga 2002 zuwa 2019 ana kiran ƙungiyar da Nuon Solar Team. Tun daga 2022 ƙungiyar ana kiranta Brunel Solar Team.

== Nuna ==
Ƙungiyar Nuna ta farko (Alpha Centauri Team) Nuon ce ta tallafawa. Kungiyar ta kunshi galibi dalibai daga Jami'ar Fasaha ta Delft waɗanda tsohon ɗan saman jannati Wubbo Ockels ya jagoranta. Wannan shi ne karo na farko da tawagar Dutch ta shiga cikin tseren, kuma sun lashe tseren kilomita 3021 a cikin awanni 32 da minti 39, sun karya tsohuwar rikodin da ƙungiyar Honda ta yi daga 1996 (sa'o'i 33 da minti 32). Matsakaicin saurin ya kasance kilomita 91.8 a kowace awa.&amp;nbsp;

== Nuna 2 (2003) ==
Nuna 2 ta lashe tseren a cikin sa'o'i 31.05 da matsakaicin saurin 97.02 km / h don tseren kilomita 3021, ta karya rikodin tseren na tawagar da ta gabata Nuna 1.&amp;nbsp;

== Nuna 3 (2005) ==
[[Fayil:Nuna3Team.JPG|thumb|200x200px|Kungiyar a tseren Zandvoort]]
Nuna 3 na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka fi so don fitowar 2005 na Ƙalubalen Hasken Rana na Duniya tare da saurin gwajin gwaji na 130 km / h. Sakamakon karshe shi ne cewa an rufe kilomita 3021 tsakanin Darwin da Adelaide a cikin rikodin awanni 29 da minti 11, matsakaicin kimanin kilomita 103 / h. Wannan har yanzu shine rikodin yanzu na Ƙalubalen Hasken rana na Duniya.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

== Nuna 4 (2007) ==
Babban canje-canje ga Nuna 4 daga wanda ya riga shi Nuna 3 shine motar motsa jiki maimakon maɓallan, wurin zama madaidaici maimakon direba da ke kwance da kuma karamin bangon hasken rana na 6 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; idan aka kwatanta da 9 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; da ya gabata. Wadannan canje-canje sun zama dole ne ta hanyar canje-canje a cikin dokoki da aka haifar da damuwa game da tsaro da ƙoƙari na sa motar ta fi kama da mota ta ainihi, da kuma raguwa a cikin iyakar saurin kan hanyoyin Australiya. Nuna 4 ta lashe gasar a shekara ta 2007.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

== Nuna 5 (2009) ==
[[Fayil:Nuna_5.jpg|right|thumb|150x150px|Nuna 5]]
Babban canje-canjen da aka yi wa Nuna 5 daga wanda ya gabace shi Nuna 4 shine raguwar nauyin batirin, wanda ya canza daga kilogiram 30 a shekarar 2007 zuwa kilogiram 25. Sauran canje-canjen sun buƙaci a hana motoci yin tsere a kan tayoyin da aka yi amfani da su a baya (tayoyi masu santsi), maimakon haka, ana buƙatar tayoyin da aka yi wa fenti (masu tafiya ko masu ratsawa). Haka kuma, an buƙaci direban ya zauna a tsaye tare da kusurwar zama, aƙalla digiri 27.  Ya kammala na biyu.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

== Nuna 6 (2011) ==
[[Fayil:Nuna_6.jpg|right|thumb|150x150px|Nuna 6]]
Babban canje-canje ga Nuna 6 daga wanda ya riga shi Nuna 5 shine canjin sel na hasken rana zuwa sel na silicon monocrystalline, da kuma batirin batir - duka biyu daidai da sabbin dokoki. An kuma rage nauyin mota da jan iska.

== Nuna 7 (2013) ==
[[Fayil:Nuna_7.jpg|thumb|150x150px|Nuna 7, wanda ya lashe gasar Bridgestone World Solar Challenge ta 20132013 Bridgestone World Solar Challenge]]
Babban canji ga Nuna 7 daga wadanda suka riga shi shine cewa yana da ƙafafu huɗu maimakon uku, kamar yadda sabbin dokoki na ƙalubalen hasken rana na Duniya suka buƙaci. Har ila yau, abin hawa ba shi da daidaituwa, kamar yadda ɗakin direba yake a gefen dama. Nauyin batir da abin hawa ba su canza ba dangane da wanda ya riga shi, Nuna 6. Nuna 7 ta lashe gasar Bridgestone World Solar Challenge ta 2013.

== Nuna 8 (2015) ==
[[Fayil:Nuna_8S_Inside.jpg|thumb|150x150px|Nuna 8S, an gyara shi don ƙalubalen Sasol SolarƘalubalen Hasken rana na Sasol]]
A cikin ɗaliban masu kalubalantar, ƙungiyar daga Jami'ar Fasaha ta Delft ta riƙe taken tare da [[Nuna 8]] da matsakaicin saurin 91.75 km / h (57.01 mph), a gaban takwarorinsu na Dutch, Jami'ar Twente, wanda ya jagoranci mafi yawan tseren, amma ya gama minti 8 kawai a bayansu a matsayi na biyu. Wani gyare-gyaren mota, Nuna 8S, ya lashe 2016 Sasol Solar Challenge a Afirka ta Kudu.

== Nuna 9 (2017) ==
A cikin ɗaliban masu kalubalantar, ƙungiyar daga Delft ta sake riƙe taken su tare da [[Nuna 9]] da matsakaicin saurin 81.2 km / h (50.5 mph), a gaban Jami'ar Michigan Solar Car Team. Wani gyare-gyare na mota, Nuna 9S, ya lashe 2018 Sasol Solar Challenge a Afirka ta Kudu.

== Nuna X (2019) ==
Nuna X (10) ya kasance a wuri na farko a ranar ƙarshe ta tseren tare da matsakaicin saurin 85.22 km / h (52.95 mph), amma tseren su ya ƙare ba zato ba tsammani saboda wuta a cikin mota. Motar ta kone cikin minti daya, ta hana tawagar lashe lambar yabo ta 8 a duniya. Wannan shi ne karo na farko tun lokacin da tawagar ta fara shiga cikin Gwagwarmayar Hasken rana ta Duniya cewa sun kasa samun wuri a kan podium. Wani fasalin motar da aka gyara, Nuna Phoenix, ya kafa rikodin duniya don mafi yawan kilomita da aka tuka ta amfani da ikon rana kawai: kilomita 924 bayan an soke tseren su saboda COVID-19.

== Nuna 11 (2021) ==
Nuna 11 ta fuskanci irin waɗannan matsalolin kamar Nuna Phoenix. A farkon lokacin ƙirar su ya zama kamar za a gudanar da sigar 2021 na Ƙalubalen Hasken rana na Duniya. Amma watanni biyu kafin taron, an soke shi saboda COVID-19. Ya haifar da tawagar da ta kafa ƙalubalen hasken rana na Morocco inda suka gama a matsayi na uku. Wani gyare-gyare na mota, Nuna 11s, ya lashe gasar Sasol Solar Challenge ta 2022 a Afirka ta Kudu.

== Dubi kuma ==

* Twente One, motar tseren hasken rana ta Dutch daga Jami'ar Twente.
* ''SolUTra'', motar TU wacce ta riga ta wuce Twente One.
* Motocin hasken rana na Stella na Jami'ar Fasaha ta Dutch Eindhoven wanda ya lashe ajin Cruiser na WSC a cikin 2013 da 2015.
* Jerin ƙungiyoyin motocin hasken rana
* Ƙalubalen Rana na Duniya

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

* [http://www.nuonsolarteam.com www.nuonsolarteam.com]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090207001211/http://www.solpower.nl/ Shafin yanar gizo na ƙungiyar Nuna 3 (yawanci daga Ostiraliya)]
* [http://www.speedace.info/solar_cars/nuon_solar_car_team_netherlands.htm Shafin magana akan ƙungiyar Nuon Solar]
* [https://www.flickr.com/photos/nuonsolarteam/ Hotuna daga ƙungiyar hasken rana ta Nuon]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Beatriz Arjona</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1335656771|Beatriz Arjona]]&quot;</comment>
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== Rayuwa da aiki ==
An haifi Arjona a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 1983 a [[Sevilla|Seville]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 December 2025 |title=Beatriz Arjona, chi è &quot;Alma&quot; di Buen Camino: carriera, premi e vita privata |url=https://www.ilmessaggero.it/schede/alma_buen_camino_chi_e_beatriz_arjona_film_checco_zalone_eta_film_carriera_dove_vive_premi_teatro_fidanzato_figli-beatriz_arjona_chi_e-2-9264623.html |website=[[Il Messaggero]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ortiz |first=Braulio |date=21 September 2024 |title=Beatriz Arjona: instrucciones para experimentar otras vidas |url=https://www.diariodesevilla.es/ocio/beatriz-arjona-instrucciones-experimentar-vidas_0_2002424047.html |website=[[Diario de Sevilla]] |publisher=[[Grupo Joly]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi karatun wasan kwaikwayo a makarantar Seville ta Escuela Superior de Arte Dramático (ESAD). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=C.H. |date=10 February 2022 |title=Beatriz Arjona, de 'Amar es para siempre': amante de la naturaleza y veterana del teatro |url=https://www.vanitatis.elconfidencial.com/famosos/2022-02-10/beatriz-arroja-helena-amar-es-para-siempre-perfil_3373144/ |website=Vanitatis |via=[[El Confidencial]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta ci gaba da aiki na farko a kan mataki a karkashin {{Interlanguage link|Jota Linares|ca}} , Afrilu Zamora, da {{Interlanguage link|Oriol Tarrasón|es}} [es],  tana nunawa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo kamar A quién te llevarías a una isla desierta da Las dependientas. &lt;ref name=&quot;corral&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Corral |first=Pedro del |date=26 December 2024 |title=Beatriz Arjona |url=https://www.aisge.es/beatriz-arjona |website=Aisge}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;vanitatis&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heredia |first=Carolina |date=23 November 2022 |title=Temporadas y reparto &quot;Amar es para siempre&quot;: ¿Qué ha pasado desde su estreno hasta hoy? |url=https://www.vemostv.com/noticias/8705/historia-temporadas-actores-amar-es-para-siempre |website=VemosTV}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kuma fara aikin allo, ta fito a cikin Casting (2012) wanda aka ba da kyautar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a bikin fina-finai na Málaga .  &lt;ref name=&quot;corral&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Muñoz |first=Fernando |date=18 March 2020 |title=Tres pequeñas joyas españolas para ver gratis en casa sin necesidad de registrarte |url=https://www.abc.es/play/cine/noticias/abci-tres-pequenas-joyas-espanolas-para-gratis-casa-sin-necesidad-registrarte-202003180145_noticia.html |website=[[ABC (Spain)|ABC]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta ci gaba da fitowa a fim din Mexico Me quedo contigo, wanda aka gabatar a bikin fina-finai na Morelia na 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Aviña |first=Rafael |date=5 June 2016 |title=Me quedo contigo |url=https://www.reforma.com/aplicacioneslibre/preacceso/articulo/default.aspx?__rval=1&amp;urlredirect=/aplicaciones/articulo/default.aspx?id=861698 |website=[[Reforma (newspaper)|Reforma]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 July 2015 |title=Las insondables leyes del azar y la tragicomedia |url=https://www.aisge.es/los-ganadores-del-notodofilmfest |website=Aisge}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta nuna Dulce a cikin Cable Girls' season 4. &lt;ref name=&quot;vanitatis&quot; /&gt; Sauran rawar talabijin sun haɗa da kyauta a cikin El ministerio del tiempo, Estoy vivo, Libertad, da Operación Barrio Inglés .  &lt;ref name=&quot;corral&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;vanitatis&quot; /&gt; Ta kuma nuna Lucía Setién / Helena Garrido a kakar wasa ta goma na wasan kwaikwayo Amar es para siempre . &lt;ref name=&quot;vanitatis&quot; /&gt;

Don rawar da ta taka a fim din The Party's Over (2024) a matsayin ma'aikaciyar gida, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 October 2024 |title=Elena Manrique retrata los males del privilegio en 'Fin de fiesta' |url=https://www.europapress.es/castilla-y-leon/noticia-elena-manrique-retrata-males-privilegio-fin-fiesta-20241022164926.html |website=[[Europa Press]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ta lashe kyautar Best Leading Actress a 4th Carmen Awards. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 February 2025 |title=Beatriz Arjona, Premio Carmen a mejor interpretación femenina protagonista |url=https://cordopolis.eldiario.es/cultura/minuto-minuto-premios-carmen-cordoba_6_12012972_1112103.html |website=Cordópolis |via=[[eldiario.es]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kuma zaba ta a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau don Alone in the Night (2024). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 December 2024 |title=‘Solos en la noche’ encabeza las nominaciones a los cuartos premios Carmen del cine andaluz |url=https://www.audiovisual451.com/solos-en-la-noche-encabeza-las-nominaciones-a-los-cuartos-premios-carmen-del-cine-andaluz/ |website=Audiovisual451}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2025, ta fito a matsayin Alma a cikin ofishin jakadancin Italiyanci Buen Camino . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Buttasi |first=Vanni |date=2 January 2026 |title=Buen camino - Beatriz Arjona |url=https://www.gazzettadiparma.it/indiscreto/2026/01/02/gallery/buen-camino-beatriz-arjona-915259/ |website=[[Gazzetta di Parma]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
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[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Anthony Igwe</title>
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'''Anthony &quot;Lambar Duniya ta Biyu&quot; Igwe''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Disamba 1945) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya. Ya fafata a gasar maza a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1968. &lt;ref name=&quot;SportsRef&quot;&gt;{{Cite sports-reference|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ig/anthony-igwe-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418080425/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ig/anthony-igwe-1.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 April 2020|title=Anthony Igwe|accessdate=21 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 1975, Igwe ya koma Amurka don neman digiri a fannin Kinesiology daga Jami'ar San Francisco . A can, ya buga wasanni uku a shirin ƙwallon ƙafa na maza na San Francisco Dons. [1]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1945]]</text>
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      <text bytes="829" sha1="r36jrq1z0ze4tljxbs08ktcozwf0yy0" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Anthony &quot;Lambar Duniya ta Biyu&quot; Igwe''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Disamba 1945) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya. Ya fafata a gasar maza a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1968. &lt;ref name=&quot;SportsRef&quot;&gt;{{Cite sports-reference|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ig/anthony-igwe-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418080425/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ig/anthony-igwe-1.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 April 2020|title=Anthony Igwe|accessdate=21 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 1975, Igwe ya koma Amurka don neman digiri a fannin Kinesiology daga Jami'ar San Francisco . A can, ya buga wasanni uku a shirin ƙwallon ƙafa na maza na San Francisco Dons. [1]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1945]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sylvester Igboun</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1320543956|Sylvester Igboun]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Sylvester Emeka Igbonu''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Satumba 1990), wanda aka fi sani da '''Sylvester Igboun''', tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba .

An san Igboun da saurinsa mai ƙarfi. Sunan mahaifinsa Igbonu ne amma an yi kuskuren rubuta shi lokacin da ake yin rijistar fasfo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 September 2015 |title=IGBOUN REVEALS HOW DANISH CLUB CHANGED HIS NAME |url=https://africanfootball.com/news/566317/Igboun-reveals-how-Danish-club-changed-his-name |access-date=10 September 2015 |publisher=Africanfootball.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rigarsa ta nuna laƙabinsa &quot;Sly&quot; a baya maimakon sunan mahaifinsa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Russian Premier League player page |url=http://rfpl.org/players/Igbun-Silvestr-Emeka |access-date=24 October 2016 |publisher=[[Russian Premier League]] |language=Russian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kulob ==
A ranar 13 ga Yulin 2015, Igbonu ya sanya hannu a kulob din FC Ufa na gasar Firimiya ta Rasha . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 July 2015 |title=Сильвестер Игбун переходит в ФК &quot;Уфа&quot; |url=http://fcufa.pro/allarticle/lenta/61-klub/2450-silvester-igbun-perekhodit-v-fk-ufa |publisher=[[FC Ufa]] |language=Russian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 2 ga Satumba, 2019, ya koma FC Dynamo Moscow a matsayin aro don kakar 2019-20 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 September 2019 |title=Сильвестр Игбун – в &quot;Динамо&quot; |trans-title=Sylvester Igboun at Dynamo |url=http://fcdynamo.ru/news/events/?id_4=14588 |publisher=[[FC Dynamo Moscow]] |language=Russian}}&lt;/ref&gt; Masoyan Dynamo sun zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasan watan Satumba na 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title=Сильвестр Игбун стал лучшим игроком сентября |trans-title=Sylvester Igboun is the best player of September |url=http://fcdynamo.ru/news/events/?id_4=14707 |publisher=[[FC Dynamo Moscow]] |language=Russian}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 4 ga Agusta, 2020, Dynamo Moscow ta sanar da cewa ta sayi Igboun a kan canja wurin dindindin daga FC Ufa . &lt;ref name=&quot;Sylvester Igboun&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 August 2020 |title=Сильвестр Игбун остаётся в &quot;Динамо&quot; |url=https://fcdynamo.ru/news/events/?id_4=15566 |publisher=[[FC Dynamo Moscow]] |language=Russian}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 7 ga Janairu, 2022, kwangilarsa da Dynamo ta ƙare bisa amincewar juna. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 January 2022 |title=Сильвестр Игбун покидает &quot;Динамо&quot; |url=https://fcdm.ru/news/silvestr-igbun-pokidaet-dinamo |publisher=[[FC Dynamo Moscow]] |language=ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, 2022, Igboun ya koma kulob din gasar Premier ta Rasha Nizhny Novgorod har zuwa karshen kakar wasa. [1] A ranar 16 ga Maris, 2022, an dakatar da kwangilar bisa amincewar juna. [2]

A watan Satumba na 2022, Igboun ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da ƙungiyar Indian Super League ta NorthEast United . &lt;ref name=&quot;NEUtd&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 September 2022 |title=NorthEast United have completed the signings of Nigerian Striker Sylvester Emeka Igboun and Australian defender Aaron Evans |url=https://twitter.com/IFTWC/status/1572261826397896704 |access-date=21 September 2022 |website=@IFTWC}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 20 ga Oktoba, ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar a wasan da suka fafata da East Bengal, inda ya maye gurbin Michael Jakobsen a minti na 71. Wasan ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 3-1. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 October 2022 |title=East Bengal earn dominating win over NorthEast United |url=https://khelnow.com/football/2022-10-indian-football-isl-2022-23-northeast-united-vs-east-bengal-match-report-highlights |access-date=25 October 2022 |website=khelnow.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 October 2022 |title=NorthEast United 1 – 3 East Bengal |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/10/20/india/indian-super-league/northeast-united/east-bengal-club-fc/3949681/ |access-date=25 October 2022 |website=Soccerway}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan kwana uku, a cewar Igboun, ya tafi saboda rashin kyawun kayan aiki da masauki da ƙungiyar ta samar. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 October 2022 |title=Breaking: Nigerian forward Sylvester Igboun leaves NorthEast United |url=https://khelnow.com/football/2022-10-indian-football-isl-2022-23-northeast-united-sylvester-igboun-leaves-club |access-date=24 October 2022 |website=khelnow.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Ya fara buga wa tawagarsa ta ƙasa da ƙasa a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2017 da Tanzania a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 2015, inda ya maye gurbin [[Moses Simon]] a minti na 69. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 September 2015 |title=Tanzania vs. Nigeria |url=http://www.weltfussballarchiv.com/match-report/2015-09-05/africa-afcon-qualifcation-2017-gabon/tanzania-vs-nigeria/487377/ |publisher=weltfussballarchiv.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙididdigar aiki ==

=== Kulob ===
{{Updated|20 October 2022}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Soccerway|sylvester-igboun/128195}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT Stats&quot;/&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Club
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Season
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Other
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |Midtjylland
|2009–10
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Danish Superliga
|1
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|1
|0
|-
|2010–11
|31
|6
|5{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[Danish Cup]]|name=DanCup}}
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|36
|8
|-
|[[2011-12 Danish Superliga|2011–12]]
|31
|8
|1{{Efn|name=DanCup}}
|0
|4{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=statsUEL}}
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|36
|9
|-
|2012–13
|25
|8
|0
|0
|2{{Efn|name=statsUEL}}
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|27
|9
|-
|2013–14
|28
|10
|1{{Efn|name=DanCup}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|29
|10
|-
|2014–15
|31
|9
|0
|0
|2{{Efn|name=statsUEL}}
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|33
|10
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!147
!41
!7
!2
!8
!3
!0
!0
!162
!46
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Ufa
|2015–16
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Russian Premier League
|25
|4
|1{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[Russian Cup (football)|Russian Cup]]|name=RussCup}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|26
|4
|-
|2016–17
|24
|3
|2{{Efn|name=RussCup}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|26
|3
|-
|2017–18
|26
|7
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|26
|7
|-
|2018–19
|27
|9
|0
|0
|6{{Efn|name=statsUEL}}
|1
|2{{Efn|Appearance(s) in Relegation play-offs|name=Relpoffs}}
|1
|35
|11
|-
|2019–20
|6
|2
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|6
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!108
!25
!3
!0
!6
!1
!2
!1
!119
!27
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Dynamo Moscow &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;(loan)
|2019–20
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Russian Premier League
|20
|2
|1{{Efn|name=RussCup}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|21
|2
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Dynamo Moscow
|2020–21
|17
|1
|2{{Efn|name=RussCup}}
|0
|1{{Efn|name=statsUEL}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|20
|1
|-
|2021–22
|10
|0
|2{{Efn|name=RussCup}}
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|12
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!27
!1
!4
!1
!1
!0
!0
!0
!32
!2
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Nizhny Novgorod
|2021–22
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Russian Premier League
|1
|0
|1{{Efn|name=RussCup}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|2
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |NorthEast United
|2022–23
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Indian Super League
|1
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|1
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Career total
!304
!69
!16
!3
!15
!4
!2
!1
!337
!77
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]]</text>
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      <text bytes="7515" sha1="qzxhxnvimw9u14ma4qspc1ndpeqzwqe" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Sylvester Emeka Igbonu''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Satumba 1990), wanda aka fi sani da '''Sylvester Igboun''', tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba .

An san Igboun da saurinsa mai ƙarfi. Sunan mahaifinsa Igbonu ne amma an yi kuskuren rubuta shi lokacin da ake yin rijistar fasfo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 September 2015 |title=IGBOUN REVEALS HOW DANISH CLUB CHANGED HIS NAME |url=https://africanfootball.com/news/566317/Igboun-reveals-how-Danish-club-changed-his-name |access-date=10 September 2015 |publisher=Africanfootball.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rigarsa ta nuna laƙabinsa &quot;Sly&quot; a baya maimakon sunan mahaifinsa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Russian Premier League player page |url=http://rfpl.org/players/Igbun-Silvestr-Emeka |access-date=24 October 2016 |publisher=[[Russian Premier League]] |language=Russian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kulob ==
A ranar 13 ga Yulin 2015, Igbonu ya sanya hannu a kulob din FC Ufa na gasar Firimiya ta Rasha . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 July 2015 |title=Сильвестер Игбун переходит в ФК &quot;Уфа&quot; |url=http://fcufa.pro/allarticle/lenta/61-klub/2450-silvester-igbun-perekhodit-v-fk-ufa |publisher=[[FC Ufa]] |language=Russian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 2 ga Satumba, 2019, ya koma FC Dynamo Moscow a matsayin aro don kakar 2019-20 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 September 2019 |title=Сильвестр Игбун – в &quot;Динамо&quot; |trans-title=Sylvester Igboun at Dynamo |url=http://fcdynamo.ru/news/events/?id_4=14588 |publisher=[[FC Dynamo Moscow]] |language=Russian}}&lt;/ref&gt; Masoyan Dynamo sun zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasan watan Satumba na 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title=Сильвестр Игбун стал лучшим игроком сентября |trans-title=Sylvester Igboun is the best player of September |url=http://fcdynamo.ru/news/events/?id_4=14707 |publisher=[[FC Dynamo Moscow]] |language=Russian}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 4 ga Agusta, 2020, Dynamo Moscow ta sanar da cewa ta sayi Igboun a kan canja wurin dindindin daga FC Ufa . &lt;ref name=&quot;Sylvester Igboun&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 August 2020 |title=Сильвестр Игбун остаётся в &quot;Динамо&quot; |url=https://fcdynamo.ru/news/events/?id_4=15566 |publisher=[[FC Dynamo Moscow]] |language=Russian}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 7 ga Janairu, 2022, kwangilarsa da Dynamo ta ƙare bisa amincewar juna. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 January 2022 |title=Сильвестр Игбун покидает &quot;Динамо&quot; |url=https://fcdm.ru/news/silvestr-igbun-pokidaet-dinamo |publisher=[[FC Dynamo Moscow]] |language=ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, 2022, Igboun ya koma kulob din gasar Premier ta Rasha Nizhny Novgorod har zuwa karshen kakar wasa. [1] A ranar 16 ga Maris, 2022, an dakatar da kwangilar bisa amincewar juna. [2]

A watan Satumba na 2022, Igboun ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da ƙungiyar Indian Super League ta NorthEast United . &lt;ref name=&quot;NEUtd&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 September 2022 |title=NorthEast United have completed the signings of Nigerian Striker Sylvester Emeka Igboun and Australian defender Aaron Evans |url=https://twitter.com/IFTWC/status/1572261826397896704 |access-date=21 September 2022 |website=@IFTWC}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 20 ga Oktoba, ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar a wasan da suka fafata da East Bengal, inda ya maye gurbin Michael Jakobsen a minti na 71. Wasan ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 3-1. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 October 2022 |title=East Bengal earn dominating win over NorthEast United |url=https://khelnow.com/football/2022-10-indian-football-isl-2022-23-northeast-united-vs-east-bengal-match-report-highlights |access-date=25 October 2022 |website=khelnow.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 October 2022 |title=NorthEast United 1 – 3 East Bengal |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/10/20/india/indian-super-league/northeast-united/east-bengal-club-fc/3949681/ |access-date=25 October 2022 |website=Soccerway}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan kwana uku, a cewar Igboun, ya tafi saboda rashin kyawun kayan aiki da masauki da ƙungiyar ta samar. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 October 2022 |title=Breaking: Nigerian forward Sylvester Igboun leaves NorthEast United |url=https://khelnow.com/football/2022-10-indian-football-isl-2022-23-northeast-united-sylvester-igboun-leaves-club |access-date=24 October 2022 |website=khelnow.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Ya fara buga wa tawagarsa ta ƙasa da ƙasa a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2017 da Tanzania a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 2015, inda ya maye gurbin [[Moses Simon]] a minti na 69. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 September 2015 |title=Tanzania vs. Nigeria |url=http://www.weltfussballarchiv.com/match-report/2015-09-05/africa-afcon-qualifcation-2017-gabon/tanzania-vs-nigeria/487377/ |publisher=weltfussballarchiv.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙididdigar aiki ==

=== Kulob ===
{{Updated|20 October 2022}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Soccerway|sylvester-igboun/128195}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT Stats&quot;/&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Club
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Season
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Other
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |Midtjylland
|2009–10
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Danish Superliga
|1
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|1
|0
|-
|2010–11
|31
|6
|5{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[Danish Cup]]|name=DanCup}}
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|36
|8
|-
|[[2011-12 Danish Superliga|2011–12]]
|31
|8
|1{{Efn|name=DanCup}}
|0
|4{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=statsUEL}}
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|36
|9
|-
|2012–13
|25
|8
|0
|0
|2{{Efn|name=statsUEL}}
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|27
|9
|-
|2013–14
|28
|10
|1{{Efn|name=DanCup}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|29
|10
|-
|2014–15
|31
|9
|0
|0
|2{{Efn|name=statsUEL}}
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|33
|10
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!147
!41
!7
!2
!8
!3
!0
!0
!162
!46
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Ufa
|2015–16
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Russian Premier League
|25
|4
|1{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[Russian Cup (football)|Russian Cup]]|name=RussCup}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|26
|4
|-
|2016–17
|24
|3
|2{{Efn|name=RussCup}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|26
|3
|-
|2017–18
|26
|7
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|26
|7
|-
|2018–19
|27
|9
|0
|0
|6{{Efn|name=statsUEL}}
|1
|2{{Efn|Appearance(s) in Relegation play-offs|name=Relpoffs}}
|1
|35
|11
|-
|2019–20
|6
|2
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|6
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!108
!25
!3
!0
!6
!1
!2
!1
!119
!27
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Dynamo Moscow &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;(loan)
|2019–20
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Russian Premier League
|20
|2
|1{{Efn|name=RussCup}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|21
|2
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Dynamo Moscow
|2020–21
|17
|1
|2{{Efn|name=RussCup}}
|0
|1{{Efn|name=statsUEL}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|20
|1
|-
|2021–22
|10
|0
|2{{Efn|name=RussCup}}
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|12
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!27
!1
!4
!1
!1
!0
!0
!0
!32
!2
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Nizhny Novgorod
|2021–22
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Russian Premier League
|1
|0
|1{{Efn|name=RussCup}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|2
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |NorthEast United
|2022–23
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Indian Super League
|1
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|1
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Career total
!304
!69
!16
!3
!15
!4
!2
!1
!337
!77
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]]</text>
      <sha1>qzxhxnvimw9u14ma4qspc1ndpeqzwqe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Igbinadolor mai haske</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151841</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838438</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:24:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1303825022|Bright Igbinadolor]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838438</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="726" sha1="gyuh0msu93zyap6re49aos98y4azrr4" xml:space="preserve">
'''Bright Igbinadolor''' (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Disamba 1980) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasa a ƙungiyar Southern Myanmar United a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] .

== Sana'a ==
Igbinadolor ya buga wasa a Najeriya, Spain, Switzerland, Finland da Myanmar a matsayin ƴan wasa na Bendel Insurance, Sporting de Gijón B, Stade Nyonnais, Jokerit da Southern Myanmar United . [1]

Ya halarci gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2000, &lt;ref&gt;{{FIFA player|178829}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya sami damar buga wasa sau ɗaya a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya a 2002. &lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|29354}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]]</text>
      <sha1>gyuh0msu93zyap6re49aos98y4azrr4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838440</id>
      <parentid>838438</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:25:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838440</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="737" sha1="lnjz6lkwlsezni37q9wp7k4pbc62ig5" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Bright Igbinadolor''' (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Disamba 1980) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasa a ƙungiyar Southern Myanmar United a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] .

== Sana'a ==
Igbinadolor ya buga wasa a Najeriya, Spain, Switzerland, Finland da Myanmar a matsayin ƴan wasa na Bendel Insurance, Sporting de Gijón B, Stade Nyonnais, Jokerit da Southern Myanmar United . [1]

Ya halarci gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2000, &lt;ref&gt;{{FIFA player|178829}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya sami damar buga wasa sau ɗaya a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya a 2002. &lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|29354}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]]</text>
      <sha1>lnjz6lkwlsezni37q9wp7k4pbc62ig5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Pretty Fulani</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>151842</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838442</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:26:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pretty Fulani</username>
        <id>44366</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Shafina</comment>
      <origin>838442</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="72" sha1="oifqflq1fvzgowquy9jmokv0ccni9nj" xml:space="preserve">Ni suna na Fatima Khalid daga lere ina matukar jin daɗin bada gudummawa</text>
      <sha1>oifqflq1fvzgowquy9jmokv0ccni9nj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Francis Ikechukwu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151843</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838443</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:26:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325787636|Francis Ikechukwu]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838443</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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'''Francis Ikechukwu''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Satumba 1989), [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ya buga wa Al-Ahly Shendi wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba .

== Aikin kulob ==
An haifi Francis Ikechukwu a [[Jos]], Najeriya, ya girma tare da shahararrun 'yan wasa daga Jos kamar John Obi Mikel da Obinna Nsofor. Ya fara aikinsa a wasu ƙungiyoyin 'yan wasa na gida kamar Ecwa Development FC da Delta Force (dukansu suna zaune a Delta State a Najeriya). Daga nan ya shiga gwaji a Sudan tare da wasu 'yan wasan Najeriya kamar Malikh Isaac, na Khartoum FC, waɗanda a lokacin suke wasa a Sudan Second Division.

A shekarar 2008, ya jagoranci Khartoum FC zuwa gasar Premier ta Sudan kuma ya fito a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasa a Sudan. Kwazonsa ya jawo hankalin wata kungiyar Sudan, Al-Ahly Shendi, wacce ta dauke shi bayan ta biya kudin canja wuri zuwa Khartoum FC.

Francis ya jagoranci ƙungiyoyin biyu zuwa gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka, inda ya bayyana sau 4 a jere. Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan Najeriya da yawa da suka buga wasa a Sudan tsawon shekaru (sauran 'yan wasa daga Najeriya sune marigayi Endurance Idahor, Kelechi Osenwea, Stephen Worgu da Malik Isaac).

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Francis Ikechukwu ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 ta Najeriya a lokacin da aka shirya shi don shiga gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar Olympics ta 2012, amma an cire shi daga tawagar. [1]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]]</text>
      <sha1>5phn88n0a4msolpokorufrwg7btc4un</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838446</id>
      <parentid>838443</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:28:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325787636|Francis Ikechukwu]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838446</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1636" sha1="tcqiau78mhgi2u6n4ewllfpmw2dbude" xml:space="preserve">
'''Francis Ikechukwu''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Satumba 1989), [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ya buga wa Al-Ahly Shendi wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;Nigeria: Olympics - Kayode for Dream Team&quot; AllAfrica. Retrieved 25 October 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kulob ==
An haifi Francis Ikechukwu a [[Jos]], Najeriya, ya girma tare da shahararrun 'yan wasa daga Jos kamar John Obi Mikel da Obinna Nsofor. Ya fara aikinsa a wasu ƙungiyoyin 'yan wasa na gida kamar Ecwa Development FC da Delta Force (dukansu suna zaune a Delta State a Najeriya). Daga nan ya shiga gwaji a Sudan tare da wasu 'yan wasan Najeriya kamar Malikh Isaac, na Khartoum FC, waɗanda a lokacin suke wasa a Sudan Second Division.

A shekarar 2008, ya jagoranci Khartoum FC zuwa gasar Premier ta Sudan kuma ya fito a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasa a Sudan. Kwazonsa ya jawo hankalin wata kungiyar Sudan, Al-Ahly Shendi, wacce ta dauke shi bayan ta biya kudin canja wuri zuwa Khartoum FC.

Francis ya jagoranci ƙungiyoyin biyu zuwa gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka, inda ya bayyana sau 4 a jere. Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan Najeriya da yawa da suka buga wasa a Sudan tsawon shekaru (sauran 'yan wasa daga Najeriya sune marigayi Endurance Idahor, Kelechi Osenwea, Stephen Worgu da Malik Isaac).

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Francis Ikechukwu ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 ta Najeriya a lokacin da aka shirya shi don shiga gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar Olympics ta 2012, amma an cire shi daga tawagar. [1]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]]</text>
      <sha1>tcqiau78mhgi2u6n4ewllfpmw2dbude</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838448</id>
      <parentid>838446</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:29:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838448</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1647" sha1="aobafybovtggh2onmnxbwrjoi36oahm" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Francis Ikechukwu''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Satumba 1989), [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ya buga wa Al-Ahly Shendi wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;Nigeria: Olympics - Kayode for Dream Team&quot; AllAfrica. Retrieved 25 October 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kulob ==
An haifi Francis Ikechukwu a [[Jos]], Najeriya, ya girma tare da shahararrun 'yan wasa daga Jos kamar John Obi Mikel da Obinna Nsofor. Ya fara aikinsa a wasu ƙungiyoyin 'yan wasa na gida kamar Ecwa Development FC da Delta Force (dukansu suna zaune a Delta State a Najeriya). Daga nan ya shiga gwaji a Sudan tare da wasu 'yan wasan Najeriya kamar Malikh Isaac, na Khartoum FC, waɗanda a lokacin suke wasa a Sudan Second Division.

A shekarar 2008, ya jagoranci Khartoum FC zuwa gasar Premier ta Sudan kuma ya fito a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasa a Sudan. Kwazonsa ya jawo hankalin wata kungiyar Sudan, Al-Ahly Shendi, wacce ta dauke shi bayan ta biya kudin canja wuri zuwa Khartoum FC.

Francis ya jagoranci ƙungiyoyin biyu zuwa gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka, inda ya bayyana sau 4 a jere. Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan Najeriya da yawa da suka buga wasa a Sudan tsawon shekaru (sauran 'yan wasa daga Najeriya sune marigayi Endurance Idahor, Kelechi Osenwea, Stephen Worgu da Malik Isaac).

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Francis Ikechukwu ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 ta Najeriya a lokacin da aka shirya shi don shiga gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar Olympics ta 2012, amma an cire shi daga tawagar. [1]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]]</text>
      <sha1>aobafybovtggh2onmnxbwrjoi36oahm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bitrus Ijeh</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151844</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838449</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:31:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344474025|Peter Ijeh]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838449</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4030" sha1="iglt50wimczuw5hq5fp90px019cmdda" xml:space="preserve">
'''Peter Ijeh''' (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Maris 1977) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Peter Ijeh - top scorer lists |url=https://www.topscorersfootball.com/peter-ijeh |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=TopScorersFootball.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==

=== Farkon aikina ===
Bayan ya buga wasa a kungiyoyi kamar NiTel United Lagos kuma ya lashe kyautar mafi girman mai zura kwallaye tare da Julius Berger FC a gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya, ya koma kungiyar Malmö FF ta Sweden a shekarar 2001. Shi ne mafi yawan kwallaye a Allsvenskan a shekarar 2002 da kwallaye 24. A shekarar 2003, ya samu rauni a kafa wanda ya hana shi buga mafi yawan kakar wasa, amma duk da haka ya samu nasarar dawowa da karfi kuma ya kare da kwallaye 10. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Busari |first=Niyi |date=11 November 2020 |title=Peter Ijeh Appointed As Manager of Swedish Club |url=https://bsnsports.com.ng/peter-ijeh-appointed-as-manager-of-swedish-club/ |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=BSN Sports |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ƙarshen shekarar 2003, ya koma IFK Göteborg a kan yarjejeniyar canja wuri kyauta a cikin wani lamari mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce yayin da babban ɗan wasan ƙungiyar ya sanya hannu a kan yarjejeniyar cika shekaru 100 da kafa kuma Göteborg ya zo na uku. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ojewunmi |first=Moses |date=11 November 2020 |title=Swedish Division 2 side Appoints Peter Ijeh as Manager |url=https://www.brila.net/swedish-division-2-side-appoints-peter-ijeh-as-manager/ |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=Latest Sports News In Nigeria |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 2005, Ijeh ya koma kulob din Denmark FC Copenhagen kuma ya lashe gasar a kakar wasa ta 2005-06. 

=== Viking ===
[[Fayil:Åfk_viking_2009.jpg|alt=Peter Ijeh|thumb|Peter Ijeh a matsayin sabon kyaftin na Viking FK]]
A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2006, Ijeh ya koma Viking FK da ke Norway kan yarjejeniyar dala miliyan 3 ta Denmark . Ya samu nasara nan take, inda ya zira kwallaye 11 a wasanni 15 don ceton ƙungiyar daga faduwa. A wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa ta 2006, Ijeh ya zira kwallaye 4 kuma ya matsa wa wani mai tsaron baya na ƙungiyar ya zura kwallo a raga yayin da Viking ya lalata abokan hamayyarsa na gida da kuma SK Brann da ke matsayi na biyu da ci 5-0 don hawa matsayi biyu a teburin kuma don haka ya tsira daga faduwa da bambancin kwallaye. 

A farkon watan Janairun 2007, majiyoyi da dama a cikin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Norway sun yi iƙirarin cewa Ijeh zai nemi wata ƙungiya nan ba da jimawa ba, inda ƙungiyar Coventry City ta Ingila za ta nemi ɗan wasan gaban Najeriya, wanda ake kyautata zaton yana sha'awar gwada ƙwarewarsa a wasan Ingilishi mai ƙarfi. Ana kyautata zaton manajan Coventry City [[Micky Adams]] ya kalli ɗan wasan a wani rangadin neman 'yan wasa zuwa Norway kwanan nan. 

An ruwaito cewa kulob din Lyn Fotball da ke [[Oslo]] ya yi tayin NOK miliyan 12 don sayen Ijeh, kodayake Viking ya ƙi amincewa da hakan. Ijeh ya bar Viking a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2009 don sanya hannu a kungiyar Syriaska FC a rukuni na biyu na Sweden. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 November 2020 |title=Former NPFL Star appointed as technical adviser of Swedish club side |url=https://ojbsport.com/2020/11/11/former-npfl-star-appointed-as-technical-adviser-of-swedish-club-side/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205225905/https://ojbsport.com/2020/11/11/former-npfl-star-appointed-as-technical-adviser-of-swedish-club-side/ |archive-date=5 December 2020 |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=OJB SPORT |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kungiyar Syriaska FC ===
A ranar 23 ga Oktoba, Ijeh ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da ya kai Syrianka ga Allsvenskan a karon farko. Ya kammala kakar wasa da kwallaye 17. Ya kuma zura kwallon farko ta Syrianka FC ta Allsvenskan, bayan kuskuren da 'yan tsaron Gefle IF suka yi masa ya ba shi damar jefa kwallon a raga babu komai. [1]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]]</text>
      <sha1>iglt50wimczuw5hq5fp90px019cmdda</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838450</id>
      <parentid>838449</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:32:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838450</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4041" sha1="8mn59tccbg53vk56j6wabsnwgs9gvm4" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Peter Ijeh''' (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Maris 1977) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Peter Ijeh - top scorer lists |url=https://www.topscorersfootball.com/peter-ijeh |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=TopScorersFootball.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==

=== Farkon aikina ===
Bayan ya buga wasa a kungiyoyi kamar NiTel United Lagos kuma ya lashe kyautar mafi girman mai zura kwallaye tare da Julius Berger FC a gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya, ya koma kungiyar Malmö FF ta Sweden a shekarar 2001. Shi ne mafi yawan kwallaye a Allsvenskan a shekarar 2002 da kwallaye 24. A shekarar 2003, ya samu rauni a kafa wanda ya hana shi buga mafi yawan kakar wasa, amma duk da haka ya samu nasarar dawowa da karfi kuma ya kare da kwallaye 10. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Busari |first=Niyi |date=11 November 2020 |title=Peter Ijeh Appointed As Manager of Swedish Club |url=https://bsnsports.com.ng/peter-ijeh-appointed-as-manager-of-swedish-club/ |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=BSN Sports |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ƙarshen shekarar 2003, ya koma IFK Göteborg a kan yarjejeniyar canja wuri kyauta a cikin wani lamari mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce yayin da babban ɗan wasan ƙungiyar ya sanya hannu a kan yarjejeniyar cika shekaru 100 da kafa kuma Göteborg ya zo na uku. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ojewunmi |first=Moses |date=11 November 2020 |title=Swedish Division 2 side Appoints Peter Ijeh as Manager |url=https://www.brila.net/swedish-division-2-side-appoints-peter-ijeh-as-manager/ |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=Latest Sports News In Nigeria |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 2005, Ijeh ya koma kulob din Denmark FC Copenhagen kuma ya lashe gasar a kakar wasa ta 2005-06. 

=== Viking ===
[[Fayil:Åfk_viking_2009.jpg|alt=Peter Ijeh|thumb|Peter Ijeh a matsayin sabon kyaftin na Viking FK]]
A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2006, Ijeh ya koma Viking FK da ke Norway kan yarjejeniyar dala miliyan 3 ta Denmark . Ya samu nasara nan take, inda ya zira kwallaye 11 a wasanni 15 don ceton ƙungiyar daga faduwa. A wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa ta 2006, Ijeh ya zira kwallaye 4 kuma ya matsa wa wani mai tsaron baya na ƙungiyar ya zura kwallo a raga yayin da Viking ya lalata abokan hamayyarsa na gida da kuma SK Brann da ke matsayi na biyu da ci 5-0 don hawa matsayi biyu a teburin kuma don haka ya tsira daga faduwa da bambancin kwallaye. 

A farkon watan Janairun 2007, majiyoyi da dama a cikin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Norway sun yi iƙirarin cewa Ijeh zai nemi wata ƙungiya nan ba da jimawa ba, inda ƙungiyar Coventry City ta Ingila za ta nemi ɗan wasan gaban Najeriya, wanda ake kyautata zaton yana sha'awar gwada ƙwarewarsa a wasan Ingilishi mai ƙarfi. Ana kyautata zaton manajan Coventry City [[Micky Adams]] ya kalli ɗan wasan a wani rangadin neman 'yan wasa zuwa Norway kwanan nan. 

An ruwaito cewa kulob din Lyn Fotball da ke [[Oslo]] ya yi tayin NOK miliyan 12 don sayen Ijeh, kodayake Viking ya ƙi amincewa da hakan. Ijeh ya bar Viking a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2009 don sanya hannu a kungiyar Syriaska FC a rukuni na biyu na Sweden. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 November 2020 |title=Former NPFL Star appointed as technical adviser of Swedish club side |url=https://ojbsport.com/2020/11/11/former-npfl-star-appointed-as-technical-adviser-of-swedish-club-side/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205225905/https://ojbsport.com/2020/11/11/former-npfl-star-appointed-as-technical-adviser-of-swedish-club-side/ |archive-date=5 December 2020 |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=OJB SPORT |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kungiyar Syriaska FC ===
A ranar 23 ga Oktoba, Ijeh ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da ya kai Syrianka ga Allsvenskan a karon farko. Ya kammala kakar wasa da kwallaye 17. Ya kuma zura kwallon farko ta Syrianka FC ta Allsvenskan, bayan kuskuren da 'yan tsaron Gefle IF suka yi masa ya ba shi damar jefa kwallon a raga babu komai. [1]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]]</text>
      <sha1>8mn59tccbg53vk56j6wabsnwgs9gvm4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Stanley Ihugba</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151845</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838452</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:33:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332063042|Stanley Ihugba]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838452</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2119" sha1="husxpkcl5g0uzutwrscvnuhwosz5x9k" xml:space="preserve">
'''Stanley Chinedu Ihugba''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 1987, a [[Jos]] ) [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya ne na ƙwallon ƙafa]] [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]] wanda ke bugawa Skjetten wasa.

== Sana'a ==
Ihugba ya fara aikinsa a Plateau United, [1] ya koma a shekarar 2007 zuwa Heartland FC [2] inda ya buga wasanni 36 a kakarsa ta farko. Ya koma Norway a watan Janairun 2009 a gwaji; ya kammala horo tare da FC Lyn Oslo, wacce a ranar 2 ga Fabrairun 2009 ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin da zai kare a ranar 31 ga Disamban 2011. [3] Duk da haka, kungiyar ta fadi warwas a shekarar 2010.

Bayan ya yi aiki a Sarpsborg 08 FF da Ull/Kisa, ya koma Ørn-Horten a shekarar 2015. Duk da haka, bayan rabin kakar wasa aka sake shi.   A shekarar 2016, ya tafi Brumunddal, saboda wani shiri na tara kuɗi na gida.  Ya tafi Skjetten a shekarar 2017, kuma bayan ya rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018, ya dawo a shekarar 2019. 

== Ƙididdigar aiki ==
{{Updated|2 November 2013}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kulob
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kakar wasa
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Sashe
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Gasar League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kofi
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Jimilla
|-
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
|-
| 2009
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Lyn
| Eliteserien
| 21
| 0
| 4
| 0
| 25
| 0
|-
| 2010
| 1. raba
| 11
| 1
| 2
| 1
| 13
| 2
|-
| 2011
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Ull/Kisa
| 2. rarrabawa
| 9
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 10
| 2
|-
| 2011
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Sarpsborg 08
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Eliteserien
| 13
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 13
| 0
|-
| 2012
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | 1. raba
| 27
| 1
| 2
| 0
| 29
| 1
|-
| 2013
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Ull/Kisa
| 26
| 0
| 3
| 0
| 29
| 0
|-
| 2014
| 16
| 0
| 3
| 0
| 19
| 0
|-
| 2015
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Ørn-Horten
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | 2. rarrabawa
| 9
| 0
| 2
| 0
| 11
| 0
|-
| 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Brumunddal
| 15
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 15
| 0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Jimillar Aiki
! 147
! 3
! 17
! 2
! 164
! 5
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]]</text>
      <sha1>husxpkcl5g0uzutwrscvnuhwosz5x9k</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838455</id>
      <parentid>838452</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:34:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332063042|Stanley Ihugba]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838455</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2339" sha1="sz2gmbq0muc3jl7jalixzvonipeets6" xml:space="preserve">
'''Stanley Chinedu Ihugba''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 1987, a [[Jos]] ) [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya ne na ƙwallon ƙafa]] [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]] wanda ke bugawa Skjetten wasa.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Nigeriasports.com - As it happens&quot;. Archived from the original on 26 June 2006. Retrieved 8 January 2026.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Skatvedt, Henrik. &quot;Ny nigerianer til Lyn&quot;. Nettavisen (in Norwegian). Retrieved 14 May 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Ihugba ya fara aikinsa a Plateau United, [1] ya koma a shekarar 2007 zuwa Heartland FC [2] inda ya buga wasanni 36 a kakarsa ta farko. Ya koma Norway a watan Janairun 2009 a gwaji; ya kammala horo tare da FC Lyn Oslo, wacce a ranar 2 ga Fabrairun 2009 ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin da zai kare a ranar 31 ga Disamban 2011. [3] Duk da haka, kungiyar ta fadi warwas a shekarar 2010.

Bayan ya yi aiki a Sarpsborg 08 FF da Ull/Kisa, ya koma Ørn-Horten a shekarar 2015. Duk da haka, bayan rabin kakar wasa aka sake shi.   A shekarar 2016, ya tafi Brumunddal, saboda wani shiri na tara kuɗi na gida.  Ya tafi Skjetten a shekarar 2017, kuma bayan ya rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018, ya dawo a shekarar 2019. 

== Ƙididdigar aiki ==
{{Updated|2 November 2013}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kulob
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kakar wasa
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Sashe
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Gasar League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kofi
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Jimilla
|-
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
|-
| 2009
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Lyn
| Eliteserien
| 21
| 0
| 4
| 0
| 25
| 0
|-
| 2010
| 1. raba
| 11
| 1
| 2
| 1
| 13
| 2
|-
| 2011
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Ull/Kisa
| 2. rarrabawa
| 9
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 10
| 2
|-
| 2011
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Sarpsborg 08
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Eliteserien
| 13
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 13
| 0
|-
| 2012
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | 1. raba
| 27
| 1
| 2
| 0
| 29
| 1
|-
| 2013
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Ull/Kisa
| 26
| 0
| 3
| 0
| 29
| 0
|-
| 2014
| 16
| 0
| 3
| 0
| 19
| 0
|-
| 2015
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Ørn-Horten
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | 2. rarrabawa
| 9
| 0
| 2
| 0
| 11
| 0
|-
| 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Brumunddal
| 15
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 15
| 0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Jimillar Aiki
! 147
! 3
! 17
! 2
! 164
! 5
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]]</text>
      <sha1>sz2gmbq0muc3jl7jalixzvonipeets6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838456</id>
      <parentid>838455</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:35:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838456</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2350" sha1="r51w6ipyke4xna81kbv3md5m7m2m2un" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Stanley Chinedu Ihugba''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 1987, a [[Jos]] ) [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya ne na ƙwallon ƙafa]] [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]] wanda ke bugawa Skjetten wasa.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Nigeriasports.com - As it happens&quot;. Archived from the original on 26 June 2006. Retrieved 8 January 2026.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Skatvedt, Henrik. &quot;Ny nigerianer til Lyn&quot;. Nettavisen (in Norwegian). Retrieved 14 May 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Ihugba ya fara aikinsa a Plateau United, [1] ya koma a shekarar 2007 zuwa Heartland FC [2] inda ya buga wasanni 36 a kakarsa ta farko. Ya koma Norway a watan Janairun 2009 a gwaji; ya kammala horo tare da FC Lyn Oslo, wacce a ranar 2 ga Fabrairun 2009 ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin da zai kare a ranar 31 ga Disamban 2011. [3] Duk da haka, kungiyar ta fadi warwas a shekarar 2010.

Bayan ya yi aiki a Sarpsborg 08 FF da Ull/Kisa, ya koma Ørn-Horten a shekarar 2015. Duk da haka, bayan rabin kakar wasa aka sake shi.   A shekarar 2016, ya tafi Brumunddal, saboda wani shiri na tara kuɗi na gida.  Ya tafi Skjetten a shekarar 2017, kuma bayan ya rasa dukkan kakar wasa ta 2018, ya dawo a shekarar 2019. 

== Ƙididdigar aiki ==
{{Updated|2 November 2013}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kulob
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kakar wasa
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Sashe
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Gasar League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kofi
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Jimilla
|-
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
|-
| 2009
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Lyn
| Eliteserien
| 21
| 0
| 4
| 0
| 25
| 0
|-
| 2010
| 1. raba
| 11
| 1
| 2
| 1
| 13
| 2
|-
| 2011
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Ull/Kisa
| 2. rarrabawa
| 9
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 10
| 2
|-
| 2011
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Sarpsborg 08
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Eliteserien
| 13
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 13
| 0
|-
| 2012
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | 1. raba
| 27
| 1
| 2
| 0
| 29
| 1
|-
| 2013
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Ull/Kisa
| 26
| 0
| 3
| 0
| 29
| 0
|-
| 2014
| 16
| 0
| 3
| 0
| 19
| 0
|-
| 2015
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Ørn-Horten
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | 2. rarrabawa
| 9
| 0
| 2
| 0
| 11
| 0
|-
| 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; | Brumunddal
| 15
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 15
| 0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Jimillar Aiki
! 147
! 3
! 17
! 2
! 164
! 5
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]]</text>
      <sha1>r51w6ipyke4xna81kbv3md5m7m2m2un</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Alaqagha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151846</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838453</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:33:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pretty Fulani</username>
        <id>44366</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1326349125|Alaqagha]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838453</origin>
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      <text bytes="20624" sha1="0ljr46ts42mf6xfvddozrubx8jftcke" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;infobox ib-settlement vcard&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;fn org&quot;&gt;Alaqagha&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;nickname ib-settlement-native&quot;&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Nobold/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nobold&quot;&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;Uyghur-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ug&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;A lokacin da za a yi zagaye&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;languageicon&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%; font-weight:normal&quot;&gt; (Uighur) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; top: 0.2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;Chinese-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;zh-Hans&quot;&gt;Garin Alaka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;languageicon&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%; font-weight:normal&quot;&gt; ([[Sinanci]]) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;nickname ib-settlement-other-name&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; top: 0.2em;&quot;&gt;Alakaga, Alahage&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-subheader&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;category&quot;&gt;Birni&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Location map/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:250px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:250px&quot;&gt;[[Fayil:China_Xinjiang_Southern_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|262x262px|Alaqagha is located in Southern Xinjiang]]&lt;div class=&quot;od notheme&quot; style=&quot;top:19.444%;left:81.416%;font-size:91%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;id&quot; style=&quot;left:-3px;top:-3px&quot;&gt;[[Fayil:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Alaqagha]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pl&quot; style=&quot;width:6em;right:4px&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Alaqagha&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;Yanayi a cikin Xinjiang&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |Hanyar daidaitawa: 41°32′48′′N 082°45′59′′E / 41.54667°N 82.76639°E / 41.54667; 82.76763&lt;span class=&quot;geo-inline&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Alaqagha&amp;params=41_32_48_N_082_45_59_E_type:city(38197)_region:CN-XJ &lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;41°32′48′′N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;082°45′59′′E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;/&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;41.54667°N 82.76639°E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;﻿ / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;41.54667; 82.76639&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kasar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[Sin|China]]
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yankin da ke da ikon cin gashin kansa
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Xinjiang
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Aksu
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Birni na matakin gundumar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Kuqa
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ƙauyuka
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |25
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |Yankin &lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;xzqhkuqa1997&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;• Jimillar&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |147.6 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (57.0 sq mi) &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |Yawan jama'a (2010) [2]&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt; (2010)&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;• Jimillar&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |38,197
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |• Ƙarƙashin jama'a&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.8/km2 (670.3/sq mi) &amp;nbsp;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |Ƙungiyoyin kabilanci&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |• Manyan kabilun&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Uighur
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yankin lokaci
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |UTC+8 (Tsarin China) 
|}
'''Alaqagha''',&lt;ref name=&quot;hoshur&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=[[Shohret Hoshur]] |last2=Richard Finney |date=23 May 2014 |title=Over 100 Detained After Xinjiang Police Open Fire on Protesters |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/detained-05232014165418.html |access-date=9 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; '''Alakaga''', (Uyghur: ئالاقاغا بازىرى&lt;ref name=&quot;abdurrahman&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 June 2020 |editor-last=Amangul Abdurrahman {{lang|ug|ئامانگۈل ئابدۇراخمان}} |script-title=ug:خەلق تۇرمۇشى بەخت – سائادىتى قەلبلەرنى ئىللىتتى |url=http://uy.ts.cn/system/2020/06/21/036326269.shtml |access-date=9 July 2020 |website=[[Tianshannet]] |language=ug |quote={{lang|ug|دېدى 6 – ئاينىڭ 19 – كۈنى كۇچا شەھىرىنىڭ ئالاقاغا بازىرى باغۋەن كەنتىدىكى پېشقەدەم پارتىيە ئەزاسى جامال مەمەت خۇشال ھالدا.}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;abidullah&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ablimat Abidullah {{lang|ug|ئابلىمىت ئەبەيدۇللا}} |date=11 February 2018 |editor-last=Qalbinur {{lang|ug|قەلبىنۇر}} |script-title=ug:خىزمەت ئەترىتىدىكىلەر قوشماقلاشقان تۇغقانلىرىنىڭ «ئالتۇن توي»ىنى ئۆتكۈزۈپ بەردى |url=http://124.117.227.230/65/51189.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200710040936/http://124.117.227.230/65/51189.html |archive-date=10 July 2020 |access-date=10 July 2020 |website={{lang|ug|شىنجاڭ گېزىتى تورى}} [[Xinjiang Daily]] |language=ug |via=[[Internet Archive]] |quote={{lang|ug|يېقىندا كۇچا ناھىيەسىنىڭ ئالاقاغا بازىرى دۆڭلۈك كەنت كومىتېتىنىڭ زالىدا،}}}}&lt;/ref&gt; or '''Alahage''' {{Lang-zh|{{linktext|阿拉哈格|镇}}}}), is a town in Kuqa, Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang, China.


== Sunan ==
'Alaqagha' / 'Alakaga' shi ne Uighur don 'fure crow' (花乌́). [bayyanawa da ake buƙata] Dangane da fahimtar yankin, hankaki / hankaki na launuka daban-daban ana amfani da su don ziyartar garin akai-akai.&lt;ref name=&quot;xie&quot; /&gt; 

== Tarihi ==
A shekara ta 1958, an kafa Alaqagha Commune ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格公社}}). 

A shekara ta 1984, Alaqagha Commune ya zama Alaqagha Township ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格乡}}). 

Tsakanin 2000 da 2003, garin Alaqagha ya zama garin Alaq agha ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格镇}}). 

A ranar 20 ga Mayu 2014, bayan ƙarfe 4:30 na yamma, 'yan sanda na musamman dauke da makamai sun yi wa masu zanga-zangar Uyghur harbi tare da kama sama da 100. Masu zanga-zangar sun yi barazanar kai hari kan wani ginin gwamnati a Alaqagha. A cewar wani jami'in yankin, 'yan sanda sun kashe mutane biyu (ciki har da Elqem Memtimin, mai shekaru 23) tare da raunata biyar. Masu zanga-zangar Uyghur sama da 1,000 suna neman a saki mata da 'yan mata 'yan Uyghur 25 da aka tsare saboda sanya mayafin kai. Masu zanga-zangar sun yi wa shugaban makarantar, Tursun Qadir, da shugaban gwamnatin garin Alaqagha duka tare da jefa duwatsu a gine-ginen gwamnati na yankin. An ci gaba da tattara masu zanga-zangar har zuwa dare. taron masu zanga-zangar ya ci gaba &lt;sup class=&quot;mw-ref reference&quot; mwfa=&quot;&quot;&gt;&quot;&gt;[./Alaqagha#cite_note-denyer-3 &lt;span class=&quot;mw-reflink-text&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;1&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hoshur&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=[[Shohret Hoshur]] |last2=Richard Finney |date=23 May 2014 |title=Over 100 Detained After Xinjiang Police Open Fire on Protesters |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/detained-05232014165418.html |access-date=9 July 2020}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFShohret_HoshurRichard_Finney2014&quot;&gt;[[Shohret Hoshur]]; Richard Finney (23 May 2014). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Eset Sulaiman |last2=Parameswaran Ponnudurai |date=20 May 2014 |title=Xinjiang Police Open Fire at Protest Against Clampdown on Islamic Dress |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/dress-05202014202002.html |access-date=9 July 2020 |website=[[Radio Free Asia]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya a wannan shekarar, an tsare wata kungiya ta Washington Post a Alaqagha kuma daga karshe aka kore ta daga yankin.&lt;ref name=&quot;denyer&quot; /&gt; A ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2015, Rebiya Kadeer, shugaban Majalisar Uyghur ta Duniya a lokacin, ya ambaci garin a cikin yankunan da ke da tabbacin tabbacin tashin hankali na jihar wanda ya cancanci ci gaba da bincike.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015 |title=THE GLOBAL MAGNITSKY HUMAN RIGHTS ACCOUNTABILITY ACT |url=https://archive.org/details/gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388/ |archive-url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:THE_GLOBAL_MAGNITSKY_HUMAN_RIGHTS_ACCOUNTABILITY_ACT_(IA_gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388).pdf |archive-date=24 June 2020 |publisher=[[US Government Publishing Office]] |page=[https://archive.org/details/gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388/page/n16/ 13] &amp; [https://archive.org/details/gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388/page/n18/ 15] |via=[[Internet Archive]] and [[Wikimedia Commons]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 September 2019 |title=File:Congressional Record Volume 165, Issue 145, 2019-09-11.pdf |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Congressional_Record_Volume_165,_Issue_145,_2019-09-11.pdf |series=[[Congressional Record]] |pages=S5450–S5452}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yanayin ƙasa ==
Alaqagha yana da nisan {{Convert|26|km|mi}} (16  zuwa kudu maso yammacin kujerar gwamnatin Kuqa. Ƙasar tana da faɗi tare da hanyoyi a kan arewa maso kudu.&lt;ref name=&quot;xie&quot; /&gt; Alaqagha tana kusa da uku na Kuqa, Xayar County da Xinhe County (Toksu). &lt;ref name=&quot;xie&quot; /&gt;

== Rarrabawar gudanarwa ==
Alaqagha ya hada da ƙauyuka ashirin da biyar:  &lt;ref name=&quot;statsalakaga&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019 |script-title=zh:2019年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：阿拉哈格镇 |trans-title=2019 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Alakaga Town |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2019/65/29/23/652923102.html |access-date=9 July 2020 |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China]] |language=zh-hans |quote={{lang|zh-hans|统计用区划代码 城乡分类代码 名称 652923102200 220 库纳斯村 652923102201 220 兰干村 652923102202 220 博孜村 652923102204 220 红旗村 652923102205 220 巴格万村 652923102206 220 乌库托格拉克村 652923102207 220 铁提尔其村 652923102208 220 托乎拉村 652923102209 220 排孜巴格村 652923102210 220 央都玛村 652923102211 220 英萨村 652923102212 220 喀拉尕奇艾日克村 652923102213 220 阔什艾日克村 652923102214 220 田园村 652923102215 220 孜格尔其村 652923102216 220 希望村 652923102217 220 奥依托格拉克村 652923102218 220 吐格曼拜什村 652923102219 121 巴扎村 652923102220 220 吉日木勒克村 652923102221 220 比苏特村 652923102222 220 英其开艾日克村 652923102223 220 乔喀博斯坦村 652923102224 220 铁热克艾日克村 652923102225 220 墩吕克村}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;statsalakaga2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2009 |script-title=zh:2009年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：阿拉哈格镇 |trans-title=2009 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Alakaga Town |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2009/65/29/23/652923102.html |access-date=14 July 2020 |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China]] |language=zh-hans |quote={{lang|zh-hans|代码 城乡分类 名称 652923102200 220 库纳斯村委会 652923102201 220 兰干村委会 652923102202 220 博孜村委会 652923102204 220 强尕村委会 652923102205 220 巴格万村委会 652923102206 220 乌库托格拉克村委会 652923102207 220 铁提尔村委会 652923102208 220 托乎拉村委会 652923102209 220 排孜巴格村委会 652923102210 220 央都玛村委会 652923102211 220 英萨村委会 652923102212 220 喀拉尕奇艾日克村委会 652923102213 220 库什艾日克村委会 652923102214 220 喀拉东村委会 652923102215 220 孜格尔其村委会 652923102216 220 克塔提村委会 652923102217 220 奥依托格拉克村委会 652923102218 220 吐格曼贝希村委会 652923102219 121 阿拉哈格村委会 652923102220 220 吉日木勒克村委会 652923102221 220 比苏特村委会 652923102222 220 英其开艾日克村委会 652923102223 220 乔喀派斯坦村委会 652923102224 220 铁热克艾日克村委会 652923102225 220 墩鲁克村委会}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ƙauyuka (Mandarin Sinanci Hanyu Pinyin-sunayen da aka samo sai dai inda aka samar da Uyghur):

* Kunasi (Kunasicun; {{Lang|zh-hans|库纳斯村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|04|N|082|47|07|E}}
* Langan ({{Lang|zh-hans|兰干村}})
* Bozi ({{Lang|zh-hans|博孜村}})
* Hongqi ({{Lang|zh-hans|红旗村}}), formerly Qiangga (Qianggacun; {{Lang|zh-hans|强尕村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|14|N|082|45|54|E}}
* Baghwen (Bagewan; {{Lang|ug|باغۋەن كەنت}}&lt;ref name=&quot;abdurrahman&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 June 2020 |editor-last=Amangul Abdurrahman {{lang|ug|ئامانگۈل ئابدۇراخمان}} |script-title=ug:خەلق تۇرمۇشى بەخت – سائادىتى قەلبلەرنى ئىللىتتى |url=http://uy.ts.cn/system/2020/06/21/036326269.shtml |access-date=9 July 2020 |website=[[Tianshannet]] |language=ug |quote={{lang|ug|دېدى 6 – ئاينىڭ 19 – كۈنى كۇچا شەھىرىنىڭ ئالاقاغا بازىرى باغۋەن كەنتىدىكى پېشقەدەم پارتىيە ئەزاسى جامال مەمەت خۇشال ھالدا.}}}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFAmangul_Abdurrahman_ئامانگۈل_ئابدۇراخمانCategory:Articles_containing_Uyghur-language_text2020&quot;&gt;Amangul Abdurrahman &lt;span title=&quot;Uyghur-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;ug&quot;&gt;ئامانگۈل ئابدۇراخمان&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, ed. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; / {{Lang|zh-hans|巴格万村}})
* Wukutuogelake ({{Lang|zh-hans|乌库托格拉克村}})
* Tieti'erqi (Tieti'erqicun;{{Lang|zh-hans|铁提尔其村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|59|N|082|45|19|E}}
* Tuohula (Tuohulacun; {{Lang|zh-hans|托乎拉村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|47|N|082|44|48|E}}
* Paizibage (Paizi Bagecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|排孜巴格村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|14|N|082|45|08|E}}
* Yangduma (Yangdumacun; {{Lang|zh-hans|央都玛村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|30|N|082|45|27|E}}
* Yingsa ({{Lang|zh-hans|英萨村}})
* Kalagaqi'airike (Kalagaqi Airikecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|喀拉尕奇艾日克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|21|N|082|44|41|E}}
* Kuoshi'airike ({{Lang|zh-hans|阔什艾日克村}}), formerly Kushi'airike ({{Lang|zh-hans|库什艾日克村}})
* Tianyuan ({{Lang|zh-hans|田园村}}), formerly Kaladong ({{Lang|zh-hans|喀拉东村}})
* Zige'erqi (Zige'er Qicun; {{Lang|zh-hans|孜格尔其村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|32|29|N|082|43|37|E}}
* Xiwang ({{Lang|zh-hans|希望村}}), formerly Ketati ({{Lang|zh-hans|克塔提村}})
* Aoyituogelake ({{Lang|zh-hans|奥依托格拉克村}})
* Tugemanbaishi (Tugeman Bashicun; {{Lang|zh-hans|吐格曼拜什村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|33|26|N|082|43|28|E}}, formerly Tugemanbeixi ({{Lang|zh-hans|吐格曼贝希村}})
* Bazha ({{Lang|zh-hans|巴扎村}}), formerly Alahage ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格村}})
* Jirimuleke (Jirimu Lekecun;{{Lang|zh-hans|吉日木勒克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|52|N|082|46|26|E}}
* Bisute ({{Lang|zh-hans|比苏特村}})
* Yingqikai'airike (Yingqikai Airikecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|英其开艾日克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|34|34|N|082|43|23|E}}
* Qiaokabositan (Qiaoka Bositancun; {{Lang|zh-hans|乔喀博斯坦村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|33|50|N|082|42|12|E}}, formerly Qiaokapaisitan ({{Lang|zh-hans|乔喀派斯坦村}})
* Tiereke'airike (Tiereke Airikecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|铁热克艾日克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|14|N|082|47|55|E}}
* Dönglük (Dunlüke, Dunlukecun; {{Lang|ug|دۆڭلۈك كەنت}}&lt;ref name=&quot;abidullah&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ablimat Abidullah {{lang|ug|ئابلىمىت ئەبەيدۇللا}} |date=11 February 2018 |editor-last=Qalbinur {{lang|ug|قەلبىنۇر}} |script-title=ug:خىزمەت ئەترىتىدىكىلەر قوشماقلاشقان تۇغقانلىرىنىڭ «ئالتۇن توي»ىنى ئۆتكۈزۈپ بەردى |url=http://124.117.227.230/65/51189.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200710040936/http://124.117.227.230/65/51189.html |archive-date=10 July 2020 |access-date=10 July 2020 |website={{lang|ug|شىنجاڭ گېزىتى تورى}} [[Xinjiang Daily]] |language=ug |via=[[Internet Archive]] |quote={{lang|ug|يېقىندا كۇچا ناھىيەسىنىڭ ئالاقاغا بازىرى دۆڭلۈك كەنت كومىتېتىنىڭ زالىدا،}}}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFAblimat_Abidullah_ئابلىمىت_ئەبەيدۇللاCategory:Articles_containing_Uyghur-language_text2018&quot;&gt;Ablimat Abidullah &lt;span title=&quot;Uyghur-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;ug&quot;&gt;ئابلىمىت ئەبەيدۇللا&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (11 February 2018). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; / {{Lang|zh-hans|墩吕克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|57|N|082|47|46|E}}, formerly Dunluke ({{Lang|zh-hans|墩鲁克村}})

== Tattalin Arziki ==
Garin yana kusa da mahadar sassa uku na ƙananan hukumomi, a al'adance kasuwa ce mai mahimmanci. Tattalin arzikin yankin galibi noma ne tare da kiwon dabbobi. Ana kiwon kifi a yankin gabas, ciki har da Kunasi. Ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa, ciki har da sanannen Pyrus nivalis na ƙauyen Qiangga, farin peaches na ƙauyen Kunasi da muskmelons na ƙauyen Yingsa. Abincin da ake nomawa a yankin shine plum mai hayaƙi..

Ya zuwa 2019, an dauki ƙauyen Qiaokabositan a matsayin matalauta sosai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bureau of Finance, Kuqa County {{lang|zh-hans|库车县财政局}} |date=17 June 2019 |script-title=zh:库车县新建阿拉哈格镇乔喀博斯坦村等 6 个深度贫困村阵地建设扶贫资金安排使用情况公告公示 |url=http://www.xjkc.gov.cn/DFS/file/2020/05/08/202005082222523986a5uxr.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714050450/http://www.xjkc.gov.cn/DFS/file/2020/05/08/202005082222523986a5uxr.pdf |archive-date=14 July 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |website=Kuqa City People's Government {{lang|zh-hans|库车市人民政府}} |language=zh-hans}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yawan jama'a ==
{{Historical populations|2000|35031|2010|38197|}}Ya zuwa shekara ta 1997, 99.6% na yawan mutanen Alaqagha [[Uyghurs|Uighur]] ne.

Ya zuwa 2005-6, 4.65% na yawan mutanen Alaqagha, a cikin jimlar 1,710 na mazaunan garin, an dauke su matalauta ne.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Communication Construction Administration Bureau of Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region |date=September 2007 |title=PRC: Xinjiang Regional Road Improvement Project (Korla-Kuqa Section) |url=https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-document/76705/39655-03-prc-ipdp.pdf |access-date=10 July 2020 |website=[[Asian Development Bank]] |page=76 |quote=Distribution of Rural Poor Population in Kuche County&lt;br&gt;No. Town（ship） Total households Total population （person） Poor households Percentage Poor population （person） Percentage&lt;br&gt;{...}&lt;br&gt;13 Alahage 7727 36735 317 4.10% 1710 4.65%}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sufuri ==

* Hanyar Kasa ta kasar Sin 217

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
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      <text bytes="20635" sha1="mamypw5vx27vjkrzlrple3wkglayxnz" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}{| class=&quot;infobox ib-settlement vcard&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;fn org&quot;&gt;Alaqagha&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;nickname ib-settlement-native&quot;&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Nobold/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nobold&quot;&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;Uyghur-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ug&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;A lokacin da za a yi zagaye&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;languageicon&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%; font-weight:normal&quot;&gt; (Uighur) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; top: 0.2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;Chinese-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;zh-Hans&quot;&gt;Garin Alaka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;languageicon&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%; font-weight:normal&quot;&gt; ([[Sinanci]]) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;nickname ib-settlement-other-name&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; top: 0.2em;&quot;&gt;Alakaga, Alahage&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-subheader&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;category&quot;&gt;Birni&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Location map/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:250px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:250px&quot;&gt;[[Fayil:China_Xinjiang_Southern_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|262x262px|Alaqagha is located in Southern Xinjiang]]&lt;div class=&quot;od notheme&quot; style=&quot;top:19.444%;left:81.416%;font-size:91%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;id&quot; style=&quot;left:-3px;top:-3px&quot;&gt;[[Fayil:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Alaqagha]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pl&quot; style=&quot;width:6em;right:4px&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Alaqagha&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;Yanayi a cikin Xinjiang&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |Hanyar daidaitawa: 41°32′48′′N 082°45′59′′E / 41.54667°N 82.76639°E / 41.54667; 82.76763&lt;span class=&quot;geo-inline&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Alaqagha&amp;params=41_32_48_N_082_45_59_E_type:city(38197)_region:CN-XJ &lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;41°32′48′′N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;082°45′59′′E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;/&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;41.54667°N 82.76639°E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;﻿ / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;41.54667; 82.76639&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kasar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[Sin|China]]
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yankin da ke da ikon cin gashin kansa
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Xinjiang
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Aksu
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Birni na matakin gundumar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Kuqa
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ƙauyuka
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |25
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |Yankin &lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;xzqhkuqa1997&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;• Jimillar&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |147.6 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (57.0 sq mi) &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |Yawan jama'a (2010) [2]&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt; (2010)&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;• Jimillar&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |38,197
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |• Ƙarƙashin jama'a&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.8/km2 (670.3/sq mi) &amp;nbsp;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |Ƙungiyoyin kabilanci&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |• Manyan kabilun&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Uighur
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yankin lokaci
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |UTC+8 (Tsarin China) 
|}
'''Alaqagha''',&lt;ref name=&quot;hoshur&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=[[Shohret Hoshur]] |last2=Richard Finney |date=23 May 2014 |title=Over 100 Detained After Xinjiang Police Open Fire on Protesters |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/detained-05232014165418.html |access-date=9 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; '''Alakaga''', (Uyghur: ئالاقاغا بازىرى&lt;ref name=&quot;abdurrahman&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 June 2020 |editor-last=Amangul Abdurrahman {{lang|ug|ئامانگۈل ئابدۇراخمان}} |script-title=ug:خەلق تۇرمۇشى بەخت – سائادىتى قەلبلەرنى ئىللىتتى |url=http://uy.ts.cn/system/2020/06/21/036326269.shtml |access-date=9 July 2020 |website=[[Tianshannet]] |language=ug |quote={{lang|ug|دېدى 6 – ئاينىڭ 19 – كۈنى كۇچا شەھىرىنىڭ ئالاقاغا بازىرى باغۋەن كەنتىدىكى پېشقەدەم پارتىيە ئەزاسى جامال مەمەت خۇشال ھالدا.}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;abidullah&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ablimat Abidullah {{lang|ug|ئابلىمىت ئەبەيدۇللا}} |date=11 February 2018 |editor-last=Qalbinur {{lang|ug|قەلبىنۇر}} |script-title=ug:خىزمەت ئەترىتىدىكىلەر قوشماقلاشقان تۇغقانلىرىنىڭ «ئالتۇن توي»ىنى ئۆتكۈزۈپ بەردى |url=http://124.117.227.230/65/51189.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200710040936/http://124.117.227.230/65/51189.html |archive-date=10 July 2020 |access-date=10 July 2020 |website={{lang|ug|شىنجاڭ گېزىتى تورى}} [[Xinjiang Daily]] |language=ug |via=[[Internet Archive]] |quote={{lang|ug|يېقىندا كۇچا ناھىيەسىنىڭ ئالاقاغا بازىرى دۆڭلۈك كەنت كومىتېتىنىڭ زالىدا،}}}}&lt;/ref&gt; or '''Alahage''' {{Lang-zh|{{linktext|阿拉哈格|镇}}}}), is a town in Kuqa, Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang, China.


== Sunan ==
'Alaqagha' / 'Alakaga' shi ne Uighur don 'fure crow' (花乌́). [bayyanawa da ake buƙata] Dangane da fahimtar yankin, hankaki / hankaki na launuka daban-daban ana amfani da su don ziyartar garin akai-akai.&lt;ref name=&quot;xie&quot; /&gt; 

== Tarihi ==
A shekara ta 1958, an kafa Alaqagha Commune ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格公社}}). 

A shekara ta 1984, Alaqagha Commune ya zama Alaqagha Township ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格乡}}). 

Tsakanin 2000 da 2003, garin Alaqagha ya zama garin Alaq agha ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格镇}}). 

A ranar 20 ga Mayu 2014, bayan ƙarfe 4:30 na yamma, 'yan sanda na musamman dauke da makamai sun yi wa masu zanga-zangar Uyghur harbi tare da kama sama da 100. Masu zanga-zangar sun yi barazanar kai hari kan wani ginin gwamnati a Alaqagha. A cewar wani jami'in yankin, 'yan sanda sun kashe mutane biyu (ciki har da Elqem Memtimin, mai shekaru 23) tare da raunata biyar. Masu zanga-zangar Uyghur sama da 1,000 suna neman a saki mata da 'yan mata 'yan Uyghur 25 da aka tsare saboda sanya mayafin kai. Masu zanga-zangar sun yi wa shugaban makarantar, Tursun Qadir, da shugaban gwamnatin garin Alaqagha duka tare da jefa duwatsu a gine-ginen gwamnati na yankin. An ci gaba da tattara masu zanga-zangar har zuwa dare. taron masu zanga-zangar ya ci gaba &lt;sup class=&quot;mw-ref reference&quot; mwfa=&quot;&quot;&gt;&quot;&gt;[./Alaqagha#cite_note-denyer-3 &lt;span class=&quot;mw-reflink-text&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;1&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hoshur&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=[[Shohret Hoshur]] |last2=Richard Finney |date=23 May 2014 |title=Over 100 Detained After Xinjiang Police Open Fire on Protesters |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/detained-05232014165418.html |access-date=9 July 2020}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFShohret_HoshurRichard_Finney2014&quot;&gt;[[Shohret Hoshur]]; Richard Finney (23 May 2014). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Eset Sulaiman |last2=Parameswaran Ponnudurai |date=20 May 2014 |title=Xinjiang Police Open Fire at Protest Against Clampdown on Islamic Dress |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/dress-05202014202002.html |access-date=9 July 2020 |website=[[Radio Free Asia]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya a wannan shekarar, an tsare wata kungiya ta Washington Post a Alaqagha kuma daga karshe aka kore ta daga yankin.&lt;ref name=&quot;denyer&quot; /&gt; A ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2015, Rebiya Kadeer, shugaban Majalisar Uyghur ta Duniya a lokacin, ya ambaci garin a cikin yankunan da ke da tabbacin tabbacin tashin hankali na jihar wanda ya cancanci ci gaba da bincike.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015 |title=THE GLOBAL MAGNITSKY HUMAN RIGHTS ACCOUNTABILITY ACT |url=https://archive.org/details/gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388/ |archive-url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:THE_GLOBAL_MAGNITSKY_HUMAN_RIGHTS_ACCOUNTABILITY_ACT_(IA_gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388).pdf |archive-date=24 June 2020 |publisher=[[US Government Publishing Office]] |page=[https://archive.org/details/gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388/page/n16/ 13] &amp; [https://archive.org/details/gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388/page/n18/ 15] |via=[[Internet Archive]] and [[Wikimedia Commons]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 September 2019 |title=File:Congressional Record Volume 165, Issue 145, 2019-09-11.pdf |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Congressional_Record_Volume_165,_Issue_145,_2019-09-11.pdf |series=[[Congressional Record]] |pages=S5450–S5452}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yanayin ƙasa ==
Alaqagha yana da nisan {{Convert|26|km|mi}} (16  zuwa kudu maso yammacin kujerar gwamnatin Kuqa. Ƙasar tana da faɗi tare da hanyoyi a kan arewa maso kudu.&lt;ref name=&quot;xie&quot; /&gt; Alaqagha tana kusa da uku na Kuqa, Xayar County da Xinhe County (Toksu). &lt;ref name=&quot;xie&quot; /&gt;

== Rarrabawar gudanarwa ==
Alaqagha ya hada da ƙauyuka ashirin da biyar:  &lt;ref name=&quot;statsalakaga&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019 |script-title=zh:2019年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：阿拉哈格镇 |trans-title=2019 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Alakaga Town |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2019/65/29/23/652923102.html |access-date=9 July 2020 |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China]] |language=zh-hans |quote={{lang|zh-hans|统计用区划代码 城乡分类代码 名称 652923102200 220 库纳斯村 652923102201 220 兰干村 652923102202 220 博孜村 652923102204 220 红旗村 652923102205 220 巴格万村 652923102206 220 乌库托格拉克村 652923102207 220 铁提尔其村 652923102208 220 托乎拉村 652923102209 220 排孜巴格村 652923102210 220 央都玛村 652923102211 220 英萨村 652923102212 220 喀拉尕奇艾日克村 652923102213 220 阔什艾日克村 652923102214 220 田园村 652923102215 220 孜格尔其村 652923102216 220 希望村 652923102217 220 奥依托格拉克村 652923102218 220 吐格曼拜什村 652923102219 121 巴扎村 652923102220 220 吉日木勒克村 652923102221 220 比苏特村 652923102222 220 英其开艾日克村 652923102223 220 乔喀博斯坦村 652923102224 220 铁热克艾日克村 652923102225 220 墩吕克村}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;statsalakaga2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2009 |script-title=zh:2009年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：阿拉哈格镇 |trans-title=2009 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Alakaga Town |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2009/65/29/23/652923102.html |access-date=14 July 2020 |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China]] |language=zh-hans |quote={{lang|zh-hans|代码 城乡分类 名称 652923102200 220 库纳斯村委会 652923102201 220 兰干村委会 652923102202 220 博孜村委会 652923102204 220 强尕村委会 652923102205 220 巴格万村委会 652923102206 220 乌库托格拉克村委会 652923102207 220 铁提尔村委会 652923102208 220 托乎拉村委会 652923102209 220 排孜巴格村委会 652923102210 220 央都玛村委会 652923102211 220 英萨村委会 652923102212 220 喀拉尕奇艾日克村委会 652923102213 220 库什艾日克村委会 652923102214 220 喀拉东村委会 652923102215 220 孜格尔其村委会 652923102216 220 克塔提村委会 652923102217 220 奥依托格拉克村委会 652923102218 220 吐格曼贝希村委会 652923102219 121 阿拉哈格村委会 652923102220 220 吉日木勒克村委会 652923102221 220 比苏特村委会 652923102222 220 英其开艾日克村委会 652923102223 220 乔喀派斯坦村委会 652923102224 220 铁热克艾日克村委会 652923102225 220 墩鲁克村委会}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ƙauyuka (Mandarin Sinanci Hanyu Pinyin-sunayen da aka samo sai dai inda aka samar da Uyghur):

* Kunasi (Kunasicun; {{Lang|zh-hans|库纳斯村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|04|N|082|47|07|E}}
* Langan ({{Lang|zh-hans|兰干村}})
* Bozi ({{Lang|zh-hans|博孜村}})
* Hongqi ({{Lang|zh-hans|红旗村}}), formerly Qiangga (Qianggacun; {{Lang|zh-hans|强尕村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|14|N|082|45|54|E}}
* Baghwen (Bagewan; {{Lang|ug|باغۋەن كەنت}}&lt;ref name=&quot;abdurrahman&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 June 2020 |editor-last=Amangul Abdurrahman {{lang|ug|ئامانگۈل ئابدۇراخمان}} |script-title=ug:خەلق تۇرمۇشى بەخت – سائادىتى قەلبلەرنى ئىللىتتى |url=http://uy.ts.cn/system/2020/06/21/036326269.shtml |access-date=9 July 2020 |website=[[Tianshannet]] |language=ug |quote={{lang|ug|دېدى 6 – ئاينىڭ 19 – كۈنى كۇچا شەھىرىنىڭ ئالاقاغا بازىرى باغۋەن كەنتىدىكى پېشقەدەم پارتىيە ئەزاسى جامال مەمەت خۇشال ھالدا.}}}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFAmangul_Abdurrahman_ئامانگۈل_ئابدۇراخمانCategory:Articles_containing_Uyghur-language_text2020&quot;&gt;Amangul Abdurrahman &lt;span title=&quot;Uyghur-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;ug&quot;&gt;ئامانگۈل ئابدۇراخمان&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, ed. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; / {{Lang|zh-hans|巴格万村}})
* Wukutuogelake ({{Lang|zh-hans|乌库托格拉克村}})
* Tieti'erqi (Tieti'erqicun;{{Lang|zh-hans|铁提尔其村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|59|N|082|45|19|E}}
* Tuohula (Tuohulacun; {{Lang|zh-hans|托乎拉村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|47|N|082|44|48|E}}
* Paizibage (Paizi Bagecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|排孜巴格村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|14|N|082|45|08|E}}
* Yangduma (Yangdumacun; {{Lang|zh-hans|央都玛村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|30|N|082|45|27|E}}
* Yingsa ({{Lang|zh-hans|英萨村}})
* Kalagaqi'airike (Kalagaqi Airikecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|喀拉尕奇艾日克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|21|N|082|44|41|E}}
* Kuoshi'airike ({{Lang|zh-hans|阔什艾日克村}}), formerly Kushi'airike ({{Lang|zh-hans|库什艾日克村}})
* Tianyuan ({{Lang|zh-hans|田园村}}), formerly Kaladong ({{Lang|zh-hans|喀拉东村}})
* Zige'erqi (Zige'er Qicun; {{Lang|zh-hans|孜格尔其村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|32|29|N|082|43|37|E}}
* Xiwang ({{Lang|zh-hans|希望村}}), formerly Ketati ({{Lang|zh-hans|克塔提村}})
* Aoyituogelake ({{Lang|zh-hans|奥依托格拉克村}})
* Tugemanbaishi (Tugeman Bashicun; {{Lang|zh-hans|吐格曼拜什村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|33|26|N|082|43|28|E}}, formerly Tugemanbeixi ({{Lang|zh-hans|吐格曼贝希村}})
* Bazha ({{Lang|zh-hans|巴扎村}}), formerly Alahage ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格村}})
* Jirimuleke (Jirimu Lekecun;{{Lang|zh-hans|吉日木勒克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|52|N|082|46|26|E}}
* Bisute ({{Lang|zh-hans|比苏特村}})
* Yingqikai'airike (Yingqikai Airikecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|英其开艾日克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|34|34|N|082|43|23|E}}
* Qiaokabositan (Qiaoka Bositancun; {{Lang|zh-hans|乔喀博斯坦村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|33|50|N|082|42|12|E}}, formerly Qiaokapaisitan ({{Lang|zh-hans|乔喀派斯坦村}})
* Tiereke'airike (Tiereke Airikecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|铁热克艾日克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|14|N|082|47|55|E}}
* Dönglük (Dunlüke, Dunlukecun; {{Lang|ug|دۆڭلۈك كەنت}}&lt;ref name=&quot;abidullah&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ablimat Abidullah {{lang|ug|ئابلىمىت ئەبەيدۇللا}} |date=11 February 2018 |editor-last=Qalbinur {{lang|ug|قەلبىنۇر}} |script-title=ug:خىزمەت ئەترىتىدىكىلەر قوشماقلاشقان تۇغقانلىرىنىڭ «ئالتۇن توي»ىنى ئۆتكۈزۈپ بەردى |url=http://124.117.227.230/65/51189.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200710040936/http://124.117.227.230/65/51189.html |archive-date=10 July 2020 |access-date=10 July 2020 |website={{lang|ug|شىنجاڭ گېزىتى تورى}} [[Xinjiang Daily]] |language=ug |via=[[Internet Archive]] |quote={{lang|ug|يېقىندا كۇچا ناھىيەسىنىڭ ئالاقاغا بازىرى دۆڭلۈك كەنت كومىتېتىنىڭ زالىدا،}}}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFAblimat_Abidullah_ئابلىمىت_ئەبەيدۇللاCategory:Articles_containing_Uyghur-language_text2018&quot;&gt;Ablimat Abidullah &lt;span title=&quot;Uyghur-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;ug&quot;&gt;ئابلىمىت ئەبەيدۇللا&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (11 February 2018). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; / {{Lang|zh-hans|墩吕克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|57|N|082|47|46|E}}, formerly Dunluke ({{Lang|zh-hans|墩鲁克村}})

== Tattalin Arziki ==
Garin yana kusa da mahadar sassa uku na ƙananan hukumomi, a al'adance kasuwa ce mai mahimmanci. Tattalin arzikin yankin galibi noma ne tare da kiwon dabbobi. Ana kiwon kifi a yankin gabas, ciki har da Kunasi. Ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa, ciki har da sanannen Pyrus nivalis na ƙauyen Qiangga, farin peaches na ƙauyen Kunasi da muskmelons na ƙauyen Yingsa. Abincin da ake nomawa a yankin shine plum mai hayaƙi..

Ya zuwa 2019, an dauki ƙauyen Qiaokabositan a matsayin matalauta sosai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bureau of Finance, Kuqa County {{lang|zh-hans|库车县财政局}} |date=17 June 2019 |script-title=zh:库车县新建阿拉哈格镇乔喀博斯坦村等 6 个深度贫困村阵地建设扶贫资金安排使用情况公告公示 |url=http://www.xjkc.gov.cn/DFS/file/2020/05/08/202005082222523986a5uxr.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714050450/http://www.xjkc.gov.cn/DFS/file/2020/05/08/202005082222523986a5uxr.pdf |archive-date=14 July 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |website=Kuqa City People's Government {{lang|zh-hans|库车市人民政府}} |language=zh-hans}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yawan jama'a ==
{{Historical populations|2000|35031|2010|38197|}}Ya zuwa shekara ta 1997, 99.6% na yawan mutanen Alaqagha [[Uyghurs|Uighur]] ne.

Ya zuwa 2005-6, 4.65% na yawan mutanen Alaqagha, a cikin jimlar 1,710 na mazaunan garin, an dauke su matalauta ne.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Communication Construction Administration Bureau of Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region |date=September 2007 |title=PRC: Xinjiang Regional Road Improvement Project (Korla-Kuqa Section) |url=https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-document/76705/39655-03-prc-ipdp.pdf |access-date=10 July 2020 |website=[[Asian Development Bank]] |page=76 |quote=Distribution of Rural Poor Population in Kuche County&lt;br&gt;No. Town（ship） Total households Total population （person） Poor households Percentage Poor population （person） Percentage&lt;br&gt;{...}&lt;br&gt;13 Alahage 7727 36735 317 4.10% 1710 4.65%}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sufuri ==

* Hanyar Kasa ta kasar Sin 217

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>mamypw5vx27vjkrzlrple3wkglayxnz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838462</id>
      <parentid>838454</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:36:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pretty Fulani</username>
        <id>44366</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Gyara</comment>
      <origin>838462</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15128" sha1="bm6dldrceham8zxmcjyia1z4geukd5s" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}&lt;div class=&quot;fn org&quot;&gt;Alaqagha&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;nickname ib-settlement-native&quot;&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Nobold/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nobold&quot;&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;Uyghur-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ug&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;A lokacin da za a yi zagaye&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;languageicon&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%; font-weight:normal&quot;&gt; (Uighur) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; top: 0.2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;Chinese-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;zh-Hans&quot;&gt;Garin Alaka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;languageicon&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%; font-weight:normal&quot;&gt; ([[Sinanci]]) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;nickname ib-settlement-other-name&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; top: 0.2em;&quot;&gt;Alakaga, Alahage&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:250px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:250px&quot;&gt;[[Fayil:China_Xinjiang_Southern_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|262x262px|Alaqagha is located in Southern Xinjiang]]&lt;div class=&quot;od notheme&quot; style=&quot;top:19.444%;left:81.416%;font-size:91%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;id&quot; style=&quot;left:-3px;top:-3px&quot;&gt;[[Fayil:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Alaqagha]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pl&quot; style=&quot;width:6em;right:4px&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Alaqagha&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;Yanayi a cikin Xinjia&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;• Jimillar&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |147.6 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (57.0 sq mi) &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt; (2010)&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;


== Sunan ==
'Alaqagha' / 'Alakaga' shi ne Uighur don 'fure crow' (花乌́). [bayyanawa da ake buƙata] Dangane da fahimtar yankin, hankaki / hankaki na launuka daban-daban ana amfani da su don ziyartar garin akai-akai.&lt;ref name=&quot;xie&quot; /&gt; 

== Tarihi ==
A shekara ta 1958, an kafa Alaqagha Commune ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格公社}}). 

A shekara ta 1984, Alaqagha Commune ya zama Alaqagha Township ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格乡}}). 

Tsakanin 2000 da 2003, garin Alaqagha ya zama garin Alaq agha ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格镇}}). 

A ranar 20 ga Mayu 2014, bayan ƙarfe 4:30 na yamma, 'yan sanda na musamman dauke da makamai sun yi wa masu zanga-zangar Uyghur harbi tare da kama sama da 100. Masu zanga-zangar sun yi barazanar kai hari kan wani ginin gwamnati a Alaqagha. A cewar wani jami'in yankin, 'yan sanda sun kashe mutane biyu (ciki har da Elqem Memtimin, mai shekaru 23) tare da raunata biyar. Masu zanga-zangar Uyghur sama da 1,000 suna neman a saki mata da 'yan mata 'yan Uyghur 25 da aka tsare saboda sanya mayafin kai. Masu zanga-zangar sun yi wa shugaban makarantar, Tursun Qadir, da shugaban gwamnatin garin Alaqagha duka tare da jefa duwatsu a gine-ginen gwamnati na yankin. An ci gaba da tattara masu zanga-zangar har zuwa dare. taron masu zanga-zangar ya ci gaba &lt;sup class=&quot;mw-ref reference&quot; mwfa=&quot;&quot;&gt;&quot;&gt;[./Alaqagha#cite_note-denyer-3 &lt;span class=&quot;mw-reflink-text&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;1&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hoshur&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=[[Shohret Hoshur]] |last2=Richard Finney |date=23 May 2014 |title=Over 100 Detained After Xinjiang Police Open Fire on Protesters |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/detained-05232014165418.html |access-date=9 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Eset Sulaiman |last2=Parameswaran Ponnudurai |date=20 May 2014 |title=Xinjiang Police Open Fire at Protest Against Clampdown on Islamic Dress |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/dress-05202014202002.html |access-date=9 July 2020 |website=[[Radio Free Asia]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya a wannan shekarar, an tsare wata kungiya ta Washington Post a Alaqagha kuma daga karshe aka kore ta daga yankin.&lt;ref name=&quot;denyer&quot; /&gt; A ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2015, Rebiya Kadeer, shugaban Majalisar Uyghur ta Duniya a lokacin, ya ambaci garin a cikin yankunan da ke da tabbacin tabbacin tashin hankali na jihar wanda ya cancanci ci gaba da bincike.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015 |title=THE GLOBAL MAGNITSKY HUMAN RIGHTS ACCOUNTABILITY ACT |url=https://archive.org/details/gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388/ |archive-url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:THE_GLOBAL_MAGNITSKY_HUMAN_RIGHTS_ACCOUNTABILITY_ACT_(IA_gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388).pdf |archive-date=24 June 2020 |publisher=[[US Government Publishing Office]] |page=[https://archive.org/details/gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388/page/n16/ 13] &amp; [https://archive.org/details/gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-114hhrg94388/page/n18/ 15] |via=[[Internet Archive]] and [[Wikimedia Commons]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 September 2019 |title=File:Congressional Record Volume 165, Issue 145, 2019-09-11.pdf |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Congressional_Record_Volume_165,_Issue_145,_2019-09-11.pdf |series=[[Congressional Record]] |pages=S5450–S5452}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yanayin ƙasa ==
Alaqagha yana da nisan {{Convert|26|km|mi}} (16  zuwa kudu maso yammacin kujerar gwamnatin Kuqa. Ƙasar tana da faɗi tare da hanyoyi a kan arewa maso kudu.&lt;ref name=&quot;xie&quot; /&gt; Alaqagha tana kusa da uku na Kuqa, Xayar County da Xinhe County (Toksu). &lt;ref name=&quot;xie&quot; /&gt;

== Rarrabawar gudanarwa ==
Alaqagha ya hada da ƙauyuka ashirin da biyar:  &lt;ref name=&quot;statsalakaga&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019 |script-title=zh:2019年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：阿拉哈格镇 |trans-title=2019 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Alakaga Town |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2019/65/29/23/652923102.html |access-date=9 July 2020 |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China]] |language=zh-hans |quote={{lang|zh-hans|统计用区划代码 城乡分类代码 名称 652923102200 220 库纳斯村 652923102201 220 兰干村 652923102202 220 博孜村 652923102204 220 红旗村 652923102205 220 巴格万村 652923102206 220 乌库托格拉克村 652923102207 220 铁提尔其村 652923102208 220 托乎拉村 652923102209 220 排孜巴格村 652923102210 220 央都玛村 652923102211 220 英萨村 652923102212 220 喀拉尕奇艾日克村 652923102213 220 阔什艾日克村 652923102214 220 田园村 652923102215 220 孜格尔其村 652923102216 220 希望村 652923102217 220 奥依托格拉克村 652923102218 220 吐格曼拜什村 652923102219 121 巴扎村 652923102220 220 吉日木勒克村 652923102221 220 比苏特村 652923102222 220 英其开艾日克村 652923102223 220 乔喀博斯坦村 652923102224 220 铁热克艾日克村 652923102225 220 墩吕克村}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;statsalakaga2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2009 |script-title=zh:2009年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：阿拉哈格镇 |trans-title=2009 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Alakaga Town |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2009/65/29/23/652923102.html |access-date=14 July 2020 |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China]] |language=zh-hans |quote={{lang|zh-hans|代码 城乡分类 名称 652923102200 220 库纳斯村委会 652923102201 220 兰干村委会 652923102202 220 博孜村委会 652923102204 220 强尕村委会 652923102205 220 巴格万村委会 652923102206 220 乌库托格拉克村委会 652923102207 220 铁提尔村委会 652923102208 220 托乎拉村委会 652923102209 220 排孜巴格村委会 652923102210 220 央都玛村委会 652923102211 220 英萨村委会 652923102212 220 喀拉尕奇艾日克村委会 652923102213 220 库什艾日克村委会 652923102214 220 喀拉东村委会 652923102215 220 孜格尔其村委会 652923102216 220 克塔提村委会 652923102217 220 奥依托格拉克村委会 652923102218 220 吐格曼贝希村委会 652923102219 121 阿拉哈格村委会 652923102220 220 吉日木勒克村委会 652923102221 220 比苏特村委会 652923102222 220 英其开艾日克村委会 652923102223 220 乔喀派斯坦村委会 652923102224 220 铁热克艾日克村委会 652923102225 220 墩鲁克村委会}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ƙauyuka (Mandarin Sinanci Hanyu Pinyin-sunayen da aka samo sai dai inda aka samar da Uyghur):

* Kunasi (Kunasicun; {{Lang|zh-hans|库纳斯村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|04|N|082|47|07|E}}
* Langan ({{Lang|zh-hans|兰干村}})
* Bozi ({{Lang|zh-hans|博孜村}})
* Hongqi ({{Lang|zh-hans|红旗村}}), formerly Qiangga (Qianggacun; {{Lang|zh-hans|强尕村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|14|N|082|45|54|E}}
* Baghwen (Bagewan; {{Lang|ug|باغۋەن كەنت}}&lt;ref name=&quot;abdurrahman&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 June 2020 |editor-last=Amangul Abdurrahman {{lang|ug|ئامانگۈل ئابدۇراخمان}} |script-title=ug:خەلق تۇرمۇشى بەخت – سائادىتى قەلبلەرنى ئىللىتتى |url=http://uy.ts.cn/system/2020/06/21/036326269.shtml |access-date=9 July 2020 |website=[[Tianshannet]] |language=ug |quote={{lang|ug|دېدى 6 – ئاينىڭ 19 – كۈنى كۇچا شەھىرىنىڭ ئالاقاغا بازىرى باغۋەن كەنتىدىكى پېشقەدەم پارتىيە ئەزاسى جامال مەمەت خۇشال ھالدا.}}}}&lt;/ref&gt; / {{Lang|zh-hans|巴格万村}})
* Wukutuogelake ({{Lang|zh-hans|乌库托格拉克村}})
* Tieti'erqi (Tieti'erqicun;{{Lang|zh-hans|铁提尔其村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|59|N|082|45|19|E}}
* Tuohula (Tuohulacun; {{Lang|zh-hans|托乎拉村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|47|N|082|44|48|E}}
* Paizibage (Paizi Bagecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|排孜巴格村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|14|N|082|45|08|E}}
* Yangduma (Yangdumacun; {{Lang|zh-hans|央都玛村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|30|N|082|45|27|E}}
* Yingsa ({{Lang|zh-hans|英萨村}})
* Kalagaqi'airike (Kalagaqi Airikecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|喀拉尕奇艾日克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|21|N|082|44|41|E}}
* Kuoshi'airike ({{Lang|zh-hans|阔什艾日克村}}), formerly Kushi'airike ({{Lang|zh-hans|库什艾日克村}})
* Tianyuan ({{Lang|zh-hans|田园村}}), formerly Kaladong ({{Lang|zh-hans|喀拉东村}})
* Zige'erqi (Zige'er Qicun; {{Lang|zh-hans|孜格尔其村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|32|29|N|082|43|37|E}}
* Xiwang ({{Lang|zh-hans|希望村}}), formerly Ketati ({{Lang|zh-hans|克塔提村}})
* Aoyituogelake ({{Lang|zh-hans|奥依托格拉克村}})
* Tugemanbaishi (Tugeman Bashicun; {{Lang|zh-hans|吐格曼拜什村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|33|26|N|082|43|28|E}}, formerly Tugemanbeixi ({{Lang|zh-hans|吐格曼贝希村}})
* Bazha ({{Lang|zh-hans|巴扎村}}), formerly Alahage ({{Lang|zh-hans|阿拉哈格村}})
* Jirimuleke (Jirimu Lekecun;{{Lang|zh-hans|吉日木勒克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|31|52|N|082|46|26|E}}
* Bisute ({{Lang|zh-hans|比苏特村}})
* Yingqikai'airike (Yingqikai Airikecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|英其开艾日克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|34|34|N|082|43|23|E}}
* Qiaokabositan (Qiaoka Bositancun; {{Lang|zh-hans|乔喀博斯坦村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|33|50|N|082|42|12|E}}, formerly Qiaokapaisitan ({{Lang|zh-hans|乔喀派斯坦村}})
* Tiereke'airike (Tiereke Airikecun; {{Lang|zh-hans|铁热克艾日克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|14|N|082|47|55|E}}
* Dönglük (Dunlüke, Dunlukecun; {{Lang|ug|دۆڭلۈك كەنت}}&lt;ref name=&quot;abidullah&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ablimat Abidullah {{lang|ug|ئابلىمىت ئەبەيدۇللا}} |date=11 February 2018 |editor-last=Qalbinur {{lang|ug|قەلبىنۇر}} |script-title=ug:خىزمەت ئەترىتىدىكىلەر قوشماقلاشقان تۇغقانلىرىنىڭ «ئالتۇن توي»ىنى ئۆتكۈزۈپ بەردى |url=http://124.117.227.230/65/51189.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200710040936/http://124.117.227.230/65/51189.html |archive-date=10 July 2020 |access-date=10 July 2020 |website={{lang|ug|شىنجاڭ گېزىتى تورى}} [[Xinjiang Daily]] |language=ug |via=[[Internet Archive]] |quote={{lang|ug|يېقىندا كۇچا ناھىيەسىنىڭ ئالاقاغا بازىرى دۆڭلۈك كەنت كومىتېتىنىڭ زالىدا،}}}}&lt;/ref&gt; / {{Lang|zh-hans|墩吕克村}}) &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Coord|41|30|57|N|082|47|46|E}}, formerly Dunluke ({{Lang|zh-hans|墩鲁克村}})

== Tattalin Arziki ==
Garin yana kusa da mahadar sassa uku na ƙananan hukumomi, a al'adance kasuwa ce mai mahimmanci. Tattalin arzikin yankin galibi noma ne tare da kiwon dabbobi. Ana kiwon kifi a yankin gabas, ciki har da Kunasi. Ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa, ciki har da sanannen Pyrus nivalis na ƙauyen Qiangga, farin peaches na ƙauyen Kunasi da muskmelons na ƙauyen Yingsa. Abincin da ake nomawa a yankin shine plum mai hayaƙi..

Ya zuwa 2019, an dauki ƙauyen Qiaokabositan a matsayin matalauta sosai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bureau of Finance, Kuqa County {{lang|zh-hans|库车县财政局}} |date=17 June 2019 |script-title=zh:库车县新建阿拉哈格镇乔喀博斯坦村等 6 个深度贫困村阵地建设扶贫资金安排使用情况公告公示 |url=http://www.xjkc.gov.cn/DFS/file/2020/05/08/202005082222523986a5uxr.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714050450/http://www.xjkc.gov.cn/DFS/file/2020/05/08/202005082222523986a5uxr.pdf |archive-date=14 July 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |website=Kuqa City People's Government {{lang|zh-hans|库车市人民政府}} |language=zh-hans}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yawan jama'a ==
{{Historical populations|2000|35031|2010|38197|}}Ya zuwa shekara ta 1997, 99.6% na yawan mutanen Alaqagha [[Uyghurs|Uighur]] ne.

Ya zuwa 2005-6, 4.65% na yawan mutanen Alaqagha, a cikin jimlar 1,710 na mazaunan garin, an dauke su matalauta ne.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Communication Construction Administration Bureau of Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region |date=September 2007 |title=PRC: Xinjiang Regional Road Improvement Project (Korla-Kuqa Section) |url=https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-document/76705/39655-03-prc-ipdp.pdf |access-date=10 July 2020 |website=[[Asian Development Bank]] |page=76 |quote=Distribution of Rural Poor Population in Kuche County&lt;br&gt;No. Town（ship） Total households Total population （person） Poor households Percentage Poor population （person） Percentage&lt;br&gt;{...}&lt;br&gt;13 Alahage 7727 36735 317 4.10% 1710 4.65%}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sufuri ==

* Hanyar Kasa ta kasar Sin 217

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Dominic Iorfa (ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, an haife shi a shekara ta 1968)</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353870845|Dominic Iorfa (footballer, born 1968)]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Dominic Iorfa''' (ko '''Dominic Jorfa''',  an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1968) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba .

== Aikin kulob ==
Iorfa ya buga wasa a Ingila, Scotland, Turkiyya, Ireland da Belgium. Ya shahara da saurinsa na lantarki amma bai yi kama da mai sarrafa kansa ba, ya zama fitaccen ɗan wasa a yawancin ƙungiyoyin da aka buga wa wasa, musamman a Peterborough United inda har yanzu ana yi masa ihu a wasu lokutan wasanni marasa daɗi.

Ya sanya hannu a Queens Park Rangers a watan Maris na 1990 kan kuɗin canja wuri na £145,000 daga Royal Antwerp. Duk da cewa ya buga wasanni 8 kawai na ƙungiyar farko a Rangers, ya sami ƙaunar magoya bayan Rangers da yawa, duk da cewa ya kasance yana taka rawa a cikin 'Yan Wasan Rangers mafi muni a shekarun baya-bayan nan. Aikinsa a Rangers ya fara da kyau tare da shi ya zira kwallaye uku a wasansa na farko a kan reserves da Reading a ranar 3 ga Afrilu 1990 a wasan da suka yi nasara a gida da ci 3-2. Makonni kaɗan da suka gabata ya sake zira kwallaye uku a wasan reserves a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu 1990 yayin da yake gwaji tare da Millwall da Queens Park Rangers a wasan da Millwall ta yi nasara da ci 4-3. Wannan wasan ya sa Rangers ta sayi shi. Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa ta bana a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun Wimbledon da ci 2-3 a ranar 5 ga Mayu 1990. Dominic ya yi sauri amma ya yi ƙoƙari ya ƙware a kan dokar 'off side' kuma daga ƙarshe ya ɓace daga fafatawar da suka yi da Rangers inda wasansa na ƙarshe na farko ya kasance a waje da [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]] a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun 2-0 a ranar 14 ga Satumba 1991.

A wasansa na farko a Aylesbury United, ya zura kwallaye 2, yana sanye da takalmansa masu launin rawaya &quot;ayaba&quot;. A wasansa na gaba, yana gab da shiga filin wasa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa, sai ya yi jayayya da mai tsaron raga, aka kuma ba shi jan kati. Bai sake buga wa Aylesbury wasa ba. 

Ya ji daɗin nasarar da ya samu a gasar League of Ireland Premier Division tare da Waterford United kuma magoya bayansa sun yi masa sha'awa, duk da rashin samun bugun fenariti a wasansa na farko. Har zuwa yau, har yanzu takalman Puma masu launin rawaya suna sanye da kayan kit ɗin ƙungiyar wanda ya karɓi takalmin daga Iorfa jim kaɗan kafin ya bar ƙungiyar.

A halin yanzu shi memba ne na hukumar [[Hukumar Kwallon Kafar Najeriya|NFA]] kuma Shugaban Lobi Stars FC 

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Iorfa ya wakilci Najeriya sau huɗu, ciki har da wanda ya fara wasa a gasar neman matsayi na uku da Mexico a gasar cin kofin King Fahd ta 1995. [1] Ya taɓa fitowa a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1988 yayin da yake buga wasa sau biyu a ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 ta Najeriya .

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
An haifi Iorfa a [[Gboko]], [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] .

Ɗansa, wanda aka sanya wa suna Dominic Iorfa, yana buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya ga Sheffield Wednesday ; ya wakilci Ingila a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 da kuma 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1968]]</text>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353870845|Dominic Iorfa (footballer, born 1968)]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Dominic Iorfa''' (ko '''Dominic Jorfa''',  an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1968) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;Dominic Iorfa&quot;. Barry Hugman's Footballers. Archived from the original on 8 June 2024. Retrieved 14 April 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Son yılların 10 fiyasko transferi... [Arşiv] - TurkeyForum Community&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kulob ==
Iorfa ya buga wasa a Ingila, Scotland, Turkiyya, Ireland da Belgium. Ya shahara da saurinsa na lantarki amma bai yi kama da mai sarrafa kansa ba, ya zama fitaccen ɗan wasa a yawancin ƙungiyoyin da aka buga wa wasa, musamman a Peterborough United inda har yanzu ana yi masa ihu a wasu lokutan wasanni marasa daɗi.

Ya sanya hannu a Queens Park Rangers a watan Maris na 1990 kan kuɗin canja wuri na £145,000 daga Royal Antwerp. Duk da cewa ya buga wasanni 8 kawai na ƙungiyar farko a Rangers, ya sami ƙaunar magoya bayan Rangers da yawa, duk da cewa ya kasance yana taka rawa a cikin 'Yan Wasan Rangers mafi muni a shekarun baya-bayan nan. Aikinsa a Rangers ya fara da kyau tare da shi ya zira kwallaye uku a wasansa na farko a kan reserves da Reading a ranar 3 ga Afrilu 1990 a wasan da suka yi nasara a gida da ci 3-2. Makonni kaɗan da suka gabata ya sake zira kwallaye uku a wasan reserves a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu 1990 yayin da yake gwaji tare da Millwall da Queens Park Rangers a wasan da Millwall ta yi nasara da ci 4-3. Wannan wasan ya sa Rangers ta sayi shi. Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa ta bana a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun Wimbledon da ci 2-3 a ranar 5 ga Mayu 1990. Dominic ya yi sauri amma ya yi ƙoƙari ya ƙware a kan dokar 'off side' kuma daga ƙarshe ya ɓace daga fafatawar da suka yi da Rangers inda wasansa na ƙarshe na farko ya kasance a waje da [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]] a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun 2-0 a ranar 14 ga Satumba 1991.

A wasansa na farko a Aylesbury United, ya zura kwallaye 2, yana sanye da takalmansa masu launin rawaya &quot;ayaba&quot;. A wasansa na gaba, yana gab da shiga filin wasa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa, sai ya yi jayayya da mai tsaron raga, aka kuma ba shi jan kati. Bai sake buga wa Aylesbury wasa ba. 

Ya ji daɗin nasarar da ya samu a gasar League of Ireland Premier Division tare da Waterford United kuma magoya bayansa sun yi masa sha'awa, duk da rashin samun bugun fenariti a wasansa na farko. Har zuwa yau, har yanzu takalman Puma masu launin rawaya suna sanye da kayan kit ɗin ƙungiyar wanda ya karɓi takalmin daga Iorfa jim kaɗan kafin ya bar ƙungiyar.

A halin yanzu shi memba ne na hukumar [[Hukumar Kwallon Kafar Najeriya|NFA]] kuma Shugaban Lobi Stars FC 

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Iorfa ya wakilci Najeriya sau huɗu, ciki har da wanda ya fara wasa a gasar neman matsayi na uku da Mexico a gasar cin kofin King Fahd ta 1995. [1] Ya taɓa fitowa a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1988 yayin da yake buga wasa sau biyu a ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 ta Najeriya .

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
An haifi Iorfa a [[Gboko]], [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] .

Ɗansa, wanda aka sanya wa suna Dominic Iorfa, yana buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya ga Sheffield Wednesday ; ya wakilci Ingila a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 da kuma 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1968]]</text>
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      <id>838465</id>
      <parentid>838464</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:38:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
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      <text bytes="3429" sha1="he7u7fwcmz9ugu2s3kya071p1bj0el0" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Dominic Iorfa''' (ko '''Dominic Jorfa''',  an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1968) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;Dominic Iorfa&quot;. Barry Hugman's Footballers. Archived from the original on 8 June 2024. Retrieved 14 April 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Son yılların 10 fiyasko transferi... [Arşiv] - TurkeyForum Community&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kulob ==
Iorfa ya buga wasa a Ingila, Scotland, Turkiyya, Ireland da Belgium. Ya shahara da saurinsa na lantarki amma bai yi kama da mai sarrafa kansa ba, ya zama fitaccen ɗan wasa a yawancin ƙungiyoyin da aka buga wa wasa, musamman a Peterborough United inda har yanzu ana yi masa ihu a wasu lokutan wasanni marasa daɗi.

Ya sanya hannu a Queens Park Rangers a watan Maris na 1990 kan kuɗin canja wuri na £145,000 daga Royal Antwerp. Duk da cewa ya buga wasanni 8 kawai na ƙungiyar farko a Rangers, ya sami ƙaunar magoya bayan Rangers da yawa, duk da cewa ya kasance yana taka rawa a cikin 'Yan Wasan Rangers mafi muni a shekarun baya-bayan nan. Aikinsa a Rangers ya fara da kyau tare da shi ya zira kwallaye uku a wasansa na farko a kan reserves da Reading a ranar 3 ga Afrilu 1990 a wasan da suka yi nasara a gida da ci 3-2. Makonni kaɗan da suka gabata ya sake zira kwallaye uku a wasan reserves a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu 1990 yayin da yake gwaji tare da Millwall da Queens Park Rangers a wasan da Millwall ta yi nasara da ci 4-3. Wannan wasan ya sa Rangers ta sayi shi. Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa ta bana a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun Wimbledon da ci 2-3 a ranar 5 ga Mayu 1990. Dominic ya yi sauri amma ya yi ƙoƙari ya ƙware a kan dokar 'off side' kuma daga ƙarshe ya ɓace daga fafatawar da suka yi da Rangers inda wasansa na ƙarshe na farko ya kasance a waje da [[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]] a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun 2-0 a ranar 14 ga Satumba 1991.

A wasansa na farko a Aylesbury United, ya zura kwallaye 2, yana sanye da takalmansa masu launin rawaya &quot;ayaba&quot;. A wasansa na gaba, yana gab da shiga filin wasa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa, sai ya yi jayayya da mai tsaron raga, aka kuma ba shi jan kati. Bai sake buga wa Aylesbury wasa ba. 

Ya ji daɗin nasarar da ya samu a gasar League of Ireland Premier Division tare da Waterford United kuma magoya bayansa sun yi masa sha'awa, duk da rashin samun bugun fenariti a wasansa na farko. Har zuwa yau, har yanzu takalman Puma masu launin rawaya suna sanye da kayan kit ɗin ƙungiyar wanda ya karɓi takalmin daga Iorfa jim kaɗan kafin ya bar ƙungiyar.

A halin yanzu shi memba ne na hukumar [[Hukumar Kwallon Kafar Najeriya|NFA]] kuma Shugaban Lobi Stars FC 

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Iorfa ya wakilci Najeriya sau huɗu, ciki har da wanda ya fara wasa a gasar neman matsayi na uku da Mexico a gasar cin kofin King Fahd ta 1995. [1] Ya taɓa fitowa a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1988 yayin da yake buga wasa sau biyu a ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 ta Najeriya .

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
An haifi Iorfa a [[Gboko]], [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] .

Ɗansa, wanda aka sanya wa suna Dominic Iorfa, yana buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya ga Sheffield Wednesday ; ya wakilci Ingila a matakin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 da kuma 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1968]]</text>
      <sha1>he7u7fwcmz9ugu2s3kya071p1bj0el0</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bonke Innocent</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151848</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838466</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:40:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1326468339|Bonke Innocent]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Bonke Innocent''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Janairu 1996) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya]] .

== Aikin kulob ==
A ranar 2 ga Agusta 2017, Malmö FF ta sanar da sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Innocent har zuwa 2021 kan kuɗin €799,000. [1]

Malmö FF ta sallami Innocent a ƙarshen shekarar 2021, sannan ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 ga ƙungiyar Ligue 1 FC Lorient . 

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Innocent ya fara buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|tawagar Najeriya]] wasa a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2021 a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya da Cape Verde, wanda ya yi nasara a waje da ci 2-1. Ya fara wasan kuma ya buga dukkan wasan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 September 2021 |title=Cape Verde v Nigeria game report |url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/qatar2022/qualifiers/caf/match-center/400197997 |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙididdigar aiki ==

=== Kulob ===
{{Updated|match played 8 December 2021}}&lt;ref&gt;{{soccerway|bonke-innocent/355667}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Bayyanar da kwallaye a raga ta kulob, kakar wasa da kuma gasa
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kulob
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kakar wasa
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Gasar League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kofin Ƙasa
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Nahiyar Nahiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Jimilla
|-
! Sashe
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; | Lillestrøm
| 2014
| Tippeligaen
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | –
| 1
| 0
|-
| 2015
| Tippeligaen
| 20
| 0
| 2
| 0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | –
| 22
| 0
|-
| 2016
| Tippeligaen
| 24
| 0
| 2
| 0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | –
| 26
| 0
|-
| 2017
| Tippeligaen
| 9
| 0
| 2
| 1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | –
| 11
| 1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Jimilla
! 54
! 0
! 6
! 1
! 0
! 0
! 60
! 1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; | Malmö FF
| 2017
| Allsvenskan
| 2
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 2
| 0
|-
| 2018
| Allsvenskan
| 15
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 5
| 0
| 21
| 0
|-
| 2019
| Allsvenskan
| 11
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 6
| 0
| 18
| 0
|-
| 2020
| Allsvenskan
| 16
| 0
| 2
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 19
| 0
|-
| 2021
| Allsvenskan
| 17
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 13
| 0
| 31
| 0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Jimilla
! 61
! 0
! 5
! 0
! 25
! 0
! 91
! 0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Jimillar aiki
! 115
! 0
! 11
! 1
! 25
! 0
! 151
! 1
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2475" sha1="2db7rr6mw6h2h1uedim6izvl4j6blnz" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Bonke Innocent''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Janairu 1996) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya]] .

== Aikin kulob ==
A ranar 2 ga Agusta 2017, Malmö FF ta sanar da sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Innocent har zuwa 2021 kan kuɗin €799,000. [1]

Malmö FF ta sallami Innocent a ƙarshen shekarar 2021, sannan ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 ga ƙungiyar Ligue 1 FC Lorient . 

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Innocent ya fara buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|tawagar Najeriya]] wasa a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2021 a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya da Cape Verde, wanda ya yi nasara a waje da ci 2-1. Ya fara wasan kuma ya buga dukkan wasan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 September 2021 |title=Cape Verde v Nigeria game report |url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/qatar2022/qualifiers/caf/match-center/400197997 |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙididdigar aiki ==

=== Kulob ===
{{Updated|match played 8 December 2021}}&lt;ref&gt;{{soccerway|bonke-innocent/355667}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Bayyanar da kwallaye a raga ta kulob, kakar wasa da kuma gasa
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kulob
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kakar wasa
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Gasar League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kofin Ƙasa
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Nahiyar Nahiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Jimilla
|-
! Sashe
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
! Manhajoji
! Ƙwallaye
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; | Lillestrøm
| 2014
| Tippeligaen
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | –
| 1
| 0
|-
| 2015
| Tippeligaen
| 20
| 0
| 2
| 0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | –
| 22
| 0
|-
| 2016
| Tippeligaen
| 24
| 0
| 2
| 0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | –
| 26
| 0
|-
| 2017
| Tippeligaen
| 9
| 0
| 2
| 1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | –
| 11
| 1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Jimilla
! 54
! 0
! 6
! 1
! 0
! 0
! 60
! 1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; | Malmö FF
| 2017
| Allsvenskan
| 2
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 2
| 0
|-
| 2018
| Allsvenskan
| 15
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 5
| 0
| 21
| 0
|-
| 2019
| Allsvenskan
| 11
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 6
| 0
| 18
| 0
|-
| 2020
| Allsvenskan
| 16
| 0
| 2
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 19
| 0
|-
| 2021
| Allsvenskan
| 17
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 13
| 0
| 31
| 0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Jimilla
! 61
! 0
! 5
! 0
! 25
! 0
! 91
! 0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Jimillar aiki
! 115
! 0
! 11
! 1
! 25
! 0
! 151
! 1
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]]</text>
      <sha1>2db7rr6mw6h2h1uedim6izvl4j6blnz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mazabar Yanam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151849</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838473</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T16:55:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
        <id>22698</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354865426|Yanam Assembly constituency]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Yanam''' yanki ne na [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]_Legislative_Assembly&quot; id=&quot;mwDQ&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Puducherry Legislative Assembly&quot;&gt;majalisa a yankin Tarayyar Puducherry a Indiya, wanda ke rufe yankin Yanam . Mazabar majalisar Yanam tana daga cikin mazabar Puducherry Lok Sabha . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yanam Election Results 2016, Candidate list, Winner, Runner-up and Current MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/pondicherry/assembly-constituencies/yanam.html |website=Elections in India}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== memba na Majalisar ==

=== memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Faransa Indiya ===
 

* 1946: Madimchetty Satianarayanamourty; Kamichetty Sri Parassourama Varaprassada Rao Naidu, 
* 1951: Madimchetty Satianarayanamourty; Canacala Tataya . 

Canjin da aka yi a Faransa a Indiya ya faru ne a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba 1954. Wadannan ƙauyuka huɗu na Faransa an shirya su a matsayin '''Jihar Pondicherry''' . Daga baya, a ranar 11 ga Yuni 1955, Gwamnatin Indiya ta rushe ''Majalisar Wakilai'' ta Jihar Pondicherry (Amendment of Representative Assembly Decree) Order, 1955.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=1955 |title=Extraordinary Gazette of India, 1955, No. 468 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gazette.e.1955.468 |website=Government of India |publisher=Directorate of Printing}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Pondicherry ===
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Hatnote/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;

* 1955: Erra Jagannadha Rao (Majalisa); Kamichetty Sri Parassourama Varaprassada Rao Naidu (Majalisar). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=1976 |title=Directory of Indian Women Today, 1976 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PAkuAAAAYAAJ |website=Ajīta Kaura, Arpana Caur |publisher=India International Publications |page=251}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1959: mazabar '''Kanakalapeta''': Kamichetty Savithri (Ind.) [bayanin 1]; mazabar '''Adiandhrapeta''': Kamichi Sri Parassourama Varaprassada Rao Naidu (Ind.).

Kamar yadda mutane ke fatan samun gwamnati mai farin jini, Majalisar Dokokin Indiya ta zartar da Dokar Yankin Tarayyar, 1963 wadda ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1963, kuma an gabatar da tsarin gwamnati da ya mamaye sauran sassan ƙasar a wannan yanki. An mayar da Majalisar Wakilan Pondicherry zuwa Majalisar Dokoki ta Pondicherry a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1963 kamar yadda Sashe na 54(3) na Dokar Yankin Tarayyar, 1963 ya tanada kuma an yi la'akari da cewa membobinta an zaɓe su zuwa Majalisar. 966  Don haka, 'yan majalisar dokokin Yanam zuwa Majalisar Dokoki ta Farko (1963–1964) su ne Smt.Kamichetty Savithri da Shri Kamichetty Sri Parassoura Varaprassada Rao Naidu.

== Mambobin Majalisar Dokoki ==
Ana gudanar da zaben Majalisar Dokokin Puducherry tun shekarar 1964. Kafin a gudanar da zaben Majalisar Dokoki ta Pondicherry a watan Agustan shekara ta 1964, kwamitin rarraba iyakokin ya ƙayyade mazabar kuma an raba duk yankin zuwa mazabar mutum 30 kuma an ba da kujerar guda ɗaya ga yankin Yanam. : 965 {{Rp|965}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Shekara
!Taron
!memba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jam'iyyar
|-
|1964
|Na biyu
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Kamisetty Parasuram Naidu| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1969
|Na uku| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|1974
|Na huɗu
|-
|1977
|Na biyar| {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
|1980
|Na 6| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|1985
|Na 7| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1990
|Na 8th
|Raksha Harikrishna| {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|-
|1991
|Na 9th
|Velaga Rajeswara Rao| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1996
|Na 10
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Malladi Krishna Rao| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|2001
|Na 11
|-
|2006
|Na 12| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|2011
|Na 13
|-
|2016
|Na 14
|-
|2021
|Na 15
|Gollapalli Srinivas Ashok| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|2026
|Na 16
|Malladi Krishna Rao| {{Full party name with color|All India N.R. Congress}}
|-
|}

== Sakamakon zaben ==
{{Bar box|title=Vote share of winning candidates}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2026 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2026 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link}}
{{Election box candidate with party link}}
{{Election box candidate with party link}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=All India N.R. Congress|loser=Independent|swing=}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2021 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2021 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref name=election2021&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13417-puducherry-general-legislative-election-2021/ |title=Puducherry General Legislative Election 2021 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=9 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Independent politician|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=-12.29}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2016 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2016 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box hold with party link}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2011 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2011 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box hold with party link}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2006 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2006 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 2006  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3437-puducherry-2006/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925222225/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3437-puducherry-2006/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=25 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=Independent politician|swing=7.55}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2001 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2001 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 2001  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3436-puducherry-2001/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927050359/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3436-puducherry-2001/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box hold with party link}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1996 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1996 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1996  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3434-puducherry-1996/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917135105/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3434-puducherry-1996/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
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{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Independent politician|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=5.43}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1991 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1991 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1991  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3433-puducherry-1991/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917135604/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3433-puducherry-1991/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{End}}{{Election box begin|title=[[1990 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1990  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3431-puducherry-1990/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917130547/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3431-puducherry-1990/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=Raksha Harikrishna|party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes=4,632|percentage=42.99|change=38.29}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Velaga Rajeshwara Rao|party=Indian National Congress|votes=3,027|percentage=28.09|change=-13.36}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Kamichetty Venkata Venu|party=Independent politician|votes=2,955|percentage=27.42|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Kamuju Srinivasa Rao|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|votes=121|percentage=1.12|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory|votes=1,605|percentage=14.90|change=9.35}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=10,775|percentage=85.72|change=-1.55}}
{{Election box registered electors|reg. electors=12,680|change=57.83}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=1.53}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1985 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1985 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1985  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3430-puducherry-1985/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917140417/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3430-puducherry-1985/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=Independent politician|swing=-6.97}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1980 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1980 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1980  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3428-puducherry-1980/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927041541/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3428-puducherry-1980/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Independent politician|loser=Janata Party|swing=0.35}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1977 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1977 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1977  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3426-puducherry-1977/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927043330/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3426-puducherry-1977/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
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{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Janata Party|loser=Independent politician|swing=-4.66}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1974 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1974 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1974  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3425-puducherry-1974/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917133352/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3425-puducherry-1974/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{End}}{{Election box begin|title=[[1969 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1969  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3423-puducherry-1969/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917140530/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3423-puducherry-1969/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Independent politician|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=}}
{{End}}

=== Majalisar Wakilai ta Pondicherry ===

== Dubi kuma ==

* Yanaon
* Majalisar Wakilai ta Faransa Indiya
* Majalisar Wakilai ta Pondicherry {{Legislature of the Puducherry}}</text>
      <sha1>o6j9mkqjcebs02vj6erxtn7p8qeqvcc</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>838476</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:02:25Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
        <id>22698</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354865426|Yanam Assembly constituency]]&quot;</comment>
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 &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Hatnote/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;'''Yanam''' yanki ne na &quot;Puducherry Legislative Assembly&quot;&gt;majalisa a yankin Tarayyar Puducherry a Indiya, wanda ke rufe yankin Yanam . Mazabar majalisar Yanam tana daga cikin mazabar Puducherry Lok Sabha . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yanam Election Results 2016, Candidate list, Winner, Runner-up and Current MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/pondicherry/assembly-constituencies/yanam.html |website=Elections in India}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== memba na Majalisar ==

=== memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Pondicherry ===
 {{Bar box|title=Vote share of winning candidates}}

* 1946: Madimchetty Satianarayanamourty; Kamichetty Sri Parassourama Varaprassada Rao Naidu, 
* 1951: Madimchetty Satianarayanamourty; Canacala Tataya . 

Canjin da aka yi a Faransa a Indiya ya faru ne a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba 1954. Wadannan ƙauyuka huɗu na Faransa an shirya su a matsayin '''Jihar Pondicherry''' . Daga baya, a ranar 11 ga Yuni 1955, Gwamnatin Indiya ta rushe ''Majalisar Wakilai'' ta Jihar Pondicherry (Amendment of Representative Assembly Decree) Order, 1955.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=1955 |title=Extraordinary Gazette of India, 1955, No. 468 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gazette.e.1955.468 |website=Government of India |publisher=Directorate of Printing}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Faransa Indiya ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2026 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam}}
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* 1955: Erra Jagannadha Rao (Majalisa); Kamichetty Sri Parassourama Varaprassada Rao Naidu (Majalisar). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=1976 |title=Directory of Indian Women Today, 1976 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PAkuAAAAYAAJ |website=Ajīta Kaura, Arpana Caur |publisher=India International Publications |page=251}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1959: mazabar '''Kanakalapeta''': Kamichetty Savithri (Ind.) [bayanin 1]; mazabar '''Adiandhrapeta''': Kamichi Sri Parassourama Varaprassada Rao Naidu (Ind.).

Kamar yadda mutane ke fatan samun gwamnati mai farin jini, Majalisar Dokokin Indiya ta zartar da Dokar Yankin Tarayyar, 1963 wadda ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1963, kuma an gabatar da tsarin gwamnati da ya mamaye sauran sassan ƙasar a wannan yanki. An mayar da Majalisar Wakilan Pondicherry zuwa Majalisar Dokoki ta Pondicherry a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1963 kamar yadda Sashe na 54(3) na Dokar Yankin Tarayyar, 1963 ya tanada kuma an yi la'akari da cewa membobinta an zaɓe su zuwa Majalisar. 966  Don haka, 'yan majalisar dokokin Yanam zuwa Majalisar Dokoki ta Farko (1963–1964) su ne Smt.Kamichetty Savithri da Shri Kamichetty Sri Parassoura Varaprassada Rao Naidu.

== Mambobin Majalisar Dokoki ==
Ana gudanar da zaben Majalisar Dokokin Puducherry tun shekarar 1964. Kafin a gudanar da zaben Majalisar Dokoki ta Pondicherry a watan Agustan shekara ta 1964, kwamitin rarraba iyakokin ya ƙayyade mazabar kuma an raba duk yankin zuwa mazabar mutum 30 kuma an ba da kujerar guda ɗaya ga yankin Yanam. : 965 {{Rp|965}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Shekara
!Taron
!memba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jam'iyyar
|-
|1964
|Na biyu
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Kamisetty Parasuram Naidu| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1969
|Na uku| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|1974
|Na huɗu
|-
|1977
|Na biyar| {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
|1980
|Na 6| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|1985
|Na 7| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1990
|Na 8th
|Raksha Harikrishna| {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|-
|1991
|Na 9th
|Velaga Rajeswara Rao| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1996
|Na 10
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Malladi Krishna Rao| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|2001
|Na 11
|-
|2006
|Na 12| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|2011
|Na 13
|-
|2016
|Na 14
|-
|2021
|Na 15
|Gollapalli Srinivas Ashok| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|2026
|Na 16
|Malladi Krishna Rao| {{Full party name with color|All India N.R. Congress}}
|-
|}

== Sakamakon zaben ==
{{Election box begin|title=[[2021 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref name=election2021&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13417-puducherry-general-legislative-election-2021/ |title=Puducherry General Legislative Election 2021 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=9 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Independent politician|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=-12.29}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2026 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2016 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam}}
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{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2021 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2011 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam}}
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=== Zaben Majalisar 2016 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2006 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 2006  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3437-puducherry-2006/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925222225/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3437-puducherry-2006/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=25 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=Independent politician|swing=7.55}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2011 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2001 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 2001  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3436-puducherry-2001/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927050359/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3436-puducherry-2001/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2006 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1996 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1996  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3434-puducherry-1996/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917135105/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3434-puducherry-1996/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Independent politician|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=5.43}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2001 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1991 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1991  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3433-puducherry-1991/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917135604/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3433-puducherry-1991/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
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{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|swing=13.88}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1996 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1990 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1990  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3431-puducherry-1990/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917130547/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3431-puducherry-1990/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=Raksha Harikrishna|party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes=4,632|percentage=42.99|change=38.29}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Velaga Rajeshwara Rao|party=Indian National Congress|votes=3,027|percentage=28.09|change=-13.36}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Kamichetty Venkata Venu|party=Independent politician|votes=2,955|percentage=27.42|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Kamuju Srinivasa Rao|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|votes=121|percentage=1.12|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory|votes=1,605|percentage=14.90|change=9.35}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=10,775|percentage=85.72|change=-1.55}}
{{Election box registered electors|reg. electors=12,680|change=57.83}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=1.53}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1991 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1985 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1985  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3430-puducherry-1985/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917140417/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3430-puducherry-1985/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{Election box margin of victory}}
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{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=Independent politician|swing=-6.97}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1985 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1980 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1980  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3428-puducherry-1980/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927041541/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3428-puducherry-1980/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Independent politician|loser=Janata Party|swing=0.35}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1980 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1977 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1977  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3426-puducherry-1977/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927043330/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3426-puducherry-1977/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
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{{Election box margin of victory}}
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{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Janata Party|loser=Independent politician|swing=-4.66}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1977 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1974 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1974  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3425-puducherry-1974/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917133352/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3425-puducherry-1974/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
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{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1974 ===
 

=== Majalisar Wakilai ta Pondicherry ===

== Dubi kuma ==

* Yanaon
* Majalisar Wakilai ta Faransa Indiya
* Majalisar Wakilai ta Pondicherry</text>
      <sha1>5v8czs2cx20so3gzpoi989bayievidm</sha1>
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      <id>838477</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:05:56Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
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      <text bytes="13777" sha1="32eerr6wmu8xhb8y084iln4uanymkb5" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
 &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Hatnote/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;'''Yanam''' yanki ne na &quot;Puducherry Legislative Assembly&quot;&gt;majalisa a yankin Tarayyar Puducherry a Indiya, wanda ke rufe yankin Yanam . Mazabar majalisar Yanam tana daga cikin mazabar Puducherry Lok Sabha . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yanam Election Results 2016, Candidate list, Winner, Runner-up and Current MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/pondicherry/assembly-constituencies/yanam.html |website=Elections in India}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== memba na Majalisar ==

=== memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Pondicherry ===
 {{Bar box|title=Vote share of winning candidates}}

* 1946: Madimchetty Satianarayanamourty; Kamichetty Sri Parassourama Varaprassada Rao Naidu, 
* 1951: Madimchetty Satianarayanamourty; Canacala Tataya . 

Canjin da aka yi a Faransa a Indiya ya faru ne a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba 1954. Wadannan ƙauyuka huɗu na Faransa an shirya su a matsayin '''Jihar Pondicherry''' . Daga baya, a ranar 11 ga Yuni 1955, Gwamnatin Indiya ta rushe ''Majalisar Wakilai'' ta Jihar Pondicherry (Amendment of Representative Assembly Decree) Order, 1955.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=1955 |title=Extraordinary Gazette of India, 1955, No. 468 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gazette.e.1955.468 |website=Government of India |publisher=Directorate of Printing}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Faransa Indiya ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2026 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam}}
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{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=All India N.R. Congress|loser=Independent|swing=}}
{{End}}

* 1955: Erra Jagannadha Rao (Majalisa); Kamichetty Sri Parassourama Varaprassada Rao Naidu (Majalisar). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=1976 |title=Directory of Indian Women Today, 1976 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PAkuAAAAYAAJ |website=Ajīta Kaura, Arpana Caur |publisher=India International Publications |page=251}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1959: mazabar '''Kanakalapeta''': Kamichetty Savithri (Ind.) [bayanin 1]; mazabar '''Adiandhrapeta''': Kamichi Sri Parassourama Varaprassada Rao Naidu (Ind.).

Kamar yadda mutane ke fatan samun gwamnati mai farin jini, Majalisar Dokokin Indiya ta zartar da Dokar Yankin Tarayyar, 1963 wadda ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1963, kuma an gabatar da tsarin gwamnati da ya mamaye sauran sassan ƙasar a wannan yanki. An mayar da Majalisar Wakilan Pondicherry zuwa Majalisar Dokoki ta Pondicherry a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1963 kamar yadda Sashe na 54(3) na Dokar Yankin Tarayyar, 1963 ya tanada kuma an yi la'akari da cewa membobinta an zaɓe su zuwa Majalisar. 966  Don haka, 'yan majalisar dokokin Yanam zuwa Majalisar Dokoki ta Farko (1963–1964) su ne Smt.Kamichetty Savithri da Shri Kamichetty Sri Parassoura Varaprassada Rao Naidu.

== Mambobin Majalisar Dokoki ==
Ana gudanar da zaben Majalisar Dokokin Puducherry tun shekarar 1964. Kafin a gudanar da zaben Majalisar Dokoki ta Pondicherry a watan Agustan shekara ta 1964, kwamitin rarraba iyakokin ya ƙayyade mazabar kuma an raba duk yankin zuwa mazabar mutum 30 kuma an ba da kujerar guda ɗaya ga yankin Yanam. : 965 {{Rp|965}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Shekara
!Taron
!memba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jam'iyyar
|-
|1964
|Na biyu
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Kamisetty Parasuram Naidu| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1969
|Na uku| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|1974
|Na huɗu
|-
|1977
|Na biyar| {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
|1980
|Na 6| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|1985
|Na 7| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1990
|Na 8th
|Raksha Harikrishna| {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|-
|1991
|Na 9th
|Velaga Rajeswara Rao| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1996
|Na 10
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Malladi Krishna Rao| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|2001
|Na 11
|-
|2006
|Na 12| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|2011
|Na 13
|-
|2016
|Na 14
|-
|2021
|Na 15
|Gollapalli Srinivas Ashok| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|2026
|Na 16
|Malladi Krishna Rao| {{Full party name with color|All India N.R. Congress}}
|-
|}

== Sakamakon zaben ==
{{Election box begin|title=[[2021 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref name=election2021&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13417-puducherry-general-legislative-election-2021/ |title=Puducherry General Legislative Election 2021 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=9 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
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{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Independent politician|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=-12.29}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2026 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2016 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
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{{Election box margin of victory}}
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{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box hold with party link}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2021 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2011 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
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{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box hold with party link}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2016 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2006 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 2006  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3437-puducherry-2006/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925222225/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3437-puducherry-2006/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=25 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=Independent politician|swing=7.55}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2011 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2001 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 2001  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3436-puducherry-2001/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927050359/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3436-puducherry-2001/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box hold with party link}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2006 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1996 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1996  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3434-puducherry-1996/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917135105/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3434-puducherry-1996/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Independent politician|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=5.43}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 2001 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1991 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1991  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3433-puducherry-1991/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917135604/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3433-puducherry-1991/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|swing=13.88}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1996 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1990 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1990  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3431-puducherry-1990/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917130547/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3431-puducherry-1990/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=Raksha Harikrishna|party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes=4,632|percentage=42.99|change=38.29}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Velaga Rajeshwara Rao|party=Indian National Congress|votes=3,027|percentage=28.09|change=-13.36}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Kamichetty Venkata Venu|party=Independent politician|votes=2,955|percentage=27.42|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Kamuju Srinivasa Rao|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|votes=121|percentage=1.12|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory|votes=1,605|percentage=14.90|change=9.35}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=10,775|percentage=85.72|change=-1.55}}
{{Election box registered electors|reg. electors=12,680|change=57.83}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=1.53}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1991 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1985 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1985  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3430-puducherry-1985/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917140417/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3430-puducherry-1985/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=Independent politician|swing=-6.97}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1985 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1980 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1980  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3428-puducherry-1980/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927041541/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3428-puducherry-1980/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Independent politician|loser=Janata Party|swing=0.35}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1980 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1977 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1977  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3426-puducherry-1977/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927043330/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3426-puducherry-1977/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Janata Party|loser=Independent politician|swing=-4.66}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1977 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[1974 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Yanam&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1974  |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3425-puducherry-1974/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917133352/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3425-puducherry-1974/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|}}
{{Election box margin of victory}}
{{Election box turnout}}
{{Election box registered electors}}
{{Election box hold with party link}}
{{End}}

=== Zaben Majalisar 1974 ===
 

=== Majalisar Wakilai ta Pondicherry ===

== Dubi kuma ==

* Yanaon
* Majalisar Wakilai ta Faransa Indiya
* Majalisar Wakilai ta Pondicherry</text>
      <sha1>32eerr6wmu8xhb8y084iln4uanymkb5</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Yellow.ai</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151850</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838479</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T17:14:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
        <id>22698</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354661382|Yellow.ai]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838479</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8711" sha1="9aj848kyd7r9y9j38m4zeni3fvkkglk" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Message box/ambox.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;  {{Reflist}}'''Yellow.[[Kirkirar Basira|AI]]''', tsohon Yellow Messenger, kamfani ne na kasa da kasa wanda ke da hedikwata a San Mateo, California wanda ke mai da hankali kan aikin sarrafa kansa na sabis na abokin ciniki. An kafa shi a cikin 2016 kuma yana ba da dandamali na AI don sarrafa abubuwan da ke tattare da tallafin abokin ciniki a cikin hira da murya. Dandalin yana tallafawa fiye da harsuna 135 a fadin tashoshi sama da 35.

== Tarihi ==
An kafa Yellow.ai a shekarar 2016 ta hannun Raghu Ravinutala, Jaya Kishore Reddy Gollarereddy, da Rashid Khan a [[Bangalore]], Indiya. Raghavendra Ravinutala da Jaya Kishore Reddy Gollarereddy sun bar aikinsu na cikakken lokaci don kafa Yellow.ai, kuma sun haɗu da Rashid Khan a wani kwaleji mai suna Hackathon, inda ya fara aiki da su. Zuwa watan Janairun 2016, Yellow.ai ta sami abokan ciniki 50,000..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roy |first=Debroop |date=2020-06-02 |title=Using Artificial Intelligence, This Start-Up Is Helping Enterprises Connect Better |url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/en-in/technology/using-artificial-intelligence-this-start-up-is-helping/351348 |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=Entrepreneur |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan shekarar, kamfanin ya fitar da samfurin aikace-aikacen don kamfanonin B2B. Wannan sigar software da dandamali an yi niyya ne don tallafawa murya da hulɗar tattaunawa ga kamfanoni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bardhan |first=Saptak |date=2023-02-09 |title=Artificial Intelligence Take-Over |url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/en-in/entrepreneurs/artificial-intelligence-take-over/444639 |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=Entrepreneur |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2016, kamfanin ya shiga shirin hanzari na [[Microsoft]] da SAP Startup Studio.

A watan Afrilu na 2021, a cikin annobar COVID-19, kamfanin ya haɓaka chatbots don taimakawa gwamnatoci da allurar rigakafi. Ya ƙaddamar da Yellow Messenger Care don ƙirƙirar chatbots na omnichannel da ke da alaƙa da taimakon COVID-19, wanda ya taimaka wa kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da asibitoci a cikin ƙoƙarin sarrafa rikicin su. A watan Yunin 2021, kamfanin ya sake sanya kansa daga Yellow Messenger zuwa Yellow.ai. A cikin 2022, Yellow.ai ta ƙaddamar da DynamicNLP, wanda aka tsara don kawar da buƙatar horar da samfurin NLP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dey |first=Victor |date=2022-08-18 |title=Can conversational AI skip NLP training? Yellow AI has a plan |url=https://venturebeat.com/ai/can-conversational-ai-reduce-nlp-model-training-yellow-ai-has-a-plan/ |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2023, Yellow.ai ya ba da sanarwar ƙaddamar da Dynamic Automation Platform (DAP) kuma ya bayyana sabon tambarin a matsayin wani ɓangare na dabarun sake fasalin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-04-25 |title=Yellow AI launches dynamic automation platform powered by generative AI for enterprises |url=https://venturebeat.com/ai/yellow-ai-launches-dynamic-automation-platform-powered-by-generative-ai-for-enterprises/ |access-date=2023-06-06 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2023, kamfanin ya kuma ƙaddamar da samfurin ƙaramin harshe mai suna YellowG, dandalin AI mai samarwa don aikin sarrafa kansa.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dey |first=Victor |date=2023-05-18 |title=Yellow AI launches YellowG, a generative AI platform for automation workflows |url=https://venturebeat.com/ai/yellow-ai-launches-yellowg-a-generative-ai-platform-for-automation-workflows/ |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kamfanin ya tura sama da 120 generative AI bots don kasuwanci a cikin 2023. 

=== Haɗin gwiwa da tushen abokin ciniki ===
A watan Janairun 2019, kamfanin ya yi aiki tare da Microsoft don yin aiki kan sauya tsarin sarrafa murya ta hanyar amfani da kayan aikin Azure Al Speech Services da kayan aikin sarrafa harshe na halitta (NLP). A watan Fabrairun 2022, kamfanin ya yi haɗin gwiwa da Tech Mahindra don haɓaka fasahar AI ta kasuwanci. Ya yi haɗin gwiwa da kamfanin kasuwanci na e-commerce Unicommerce a watan Yulin 2020. A watan Fabrairun 2022, Edelweiss General Insurance ta ƙaddamar da AI Voice Bot ɗinta, ta amfani da fasahar Yellow.ai. Yellow.ai ta aiwatar da fasahar sabis na abokin ciniki ta AI a Urja, wani mataimaki na kama-da-wane da kamfanin gwamnati BPCL ya ƙaddamar. Kamfanin ya kuma ƙulla haɗin gwiwa da Accenture, Infosys, TCS, da Wipro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=TCS, Infosys, HCLTech, Tech Mahindra partner with Yellow.AI for automation solutions |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/technology/tcs-infosys-hcltech-tech-mahindra-partner-with-yellow-ai-for-automation-solutions-article-12744773.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241021222521/https://www.moneycontrol.com/technology/tcs-infosys-hcltech-tech-mahindra-partner-with-yellow-ai-for-automation-solutions-article-12744773.html |archive-date=October 21, 2024 |access-date=2025-01-19 |website=Moneycontrol |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abokan ciniki sun haɗa da Sony,  [[Flipkart]], Grab, Skoda, Honda, Domino's Pizza, Bajaj Finance, [[Volkswagen]], HDFC Bank, Ferrellgas, Indigo, Adani Capital,  Haldiram, Lulu Group, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories da Concentrix.  

== Kudin ==
A watan Yunin 2019, Yellow.ai ta kammala wani shiri na tallafin dala miliyan 4 wanda Lightspeed Venture Partners da masu zuba jari na mala'iku suka jagoranta kamar Phanindra Sama, wanda ya kafa RedBus, Anand Swaminathan, babban abokin tarayya, McKinsey &amp; Company, wanda ya kafa Limeroad, Prashant Malik, da kuma wanda ya kafa Snapdeal, Kunal Bahl.&amp;nbsp;

A watan Afrilun 2020, ta tara dala miliyan 20 a zagayen B na gasar Lightspeed Ventures Partners da Lightspeed India Partners. A watan Agustan 2021, kamfanin ya tara dala miliyan 78.15 a zagayen tallafin Series C wanda WestBridge Capital, Sapphire Ventures, Salesforce Ventures, da Lightspeed Venture Partners suka jagoranta. Kamfanin ya tara jimillar dala miliyan 102 zuwa yanzu..&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

== Kyaututtuka ==
Kamfanin ya lashe kyautar Frost &amp;amp;amp; Sullivan Technology Innovation Leadership Award a shekarar 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 2021 |title=Yellow.ai Recognized for 2021 Technology Innovation Leadership |url=https://www.frost.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Yellow.ai-Award-Writeup.pdf |publisher=[[Frost &amp; Sullivan]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mujallar '''Dan kasuwa'' mai suna Yellow.ai mafi kyawun AI Startup na Shekara a Kyautar 'Dan kasuwa Indiya Startup ta 2022. An ba shi lambar yabo ta Best Chat / Conversational Bot / Tool a lokacin MarTech Leadership Summit 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=MarTech Leadership Awards – 2022 |url=https://www.kamikaze.co.in/martech/archives/awards/2022.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521213149/https://www.kamikaze.co.in/martech/archives/awards/2022.html |archive-date=May 21, 2022 |access-date=November 17, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Financial Express ta ba shi kyautar Mafi kyawun Amfani da Ma'amala ta AI - Zinariya a Kyautar FuTech ta Financial Express a cikin 2022. Kamfanin ya sami ambaton girmamawa a cikin maganin atomatik na rukunin Shekara a CCW Excellence Awards 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2022 CCW Excellence Awards winners |url=https://www.customercontactweekdigital.com/events-customercontactweekawards/2022-winners |publisher=CCW}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mujallar ''Forbes'' ta kara da Rashid Khan wanda ya kafa Yellow.ai zuwa Forbes Indiya 30 A karkashin 30 2022  da Forbes Asiya 30 A karkashin 30, 2022  jerin, a matsayin daya daga cikin matasa masu canza wasan da ke rushe masana'antar Fasaha ta Kasuwanci. Cibiyar Bincike ta Hurun ta lissafa kamfanin a cikin jerin 'Future Unicorn Index 2022' na Indiya. A cikin 2023, co-kafa &amp; Shugaba, Raghu Ravinutala an gane shi a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan Shugabannin SaaS 50 ta The Software Report . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=jirehl |date=2023-10-24 |title=The Top 50 SaaS CEOs of 2023 {{!}} The Software Report |url=https://www.thesoftwarereport.com/the-top-50-saas-ceos-of-2023/ |access-date=2024-02-13 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yellow.ai ya kasance na 13 a Yankin Bay kuma na 88 a cikin ƙasa a kan 2023 Deloitte Technology Fast 500 na [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2023 Technology Fast 500 Award Winners |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/technology-media-and-telecommunications/articles/fast500-winners.html |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Amazon Alexa
* Bixby (mai taimakawa na yanar gizo) 
* Cortana (software) 
* Mataimakin Google
* Apple Siri
* Viv (software)</text>
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      <text bytes="8722" sha1="rigy09wsqqmcx8lew6ul1z1gkwkrx67" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Message box/ambox.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;  {{Reflist}}'''Yellow.[[Kirkirar Basira|AI]]''', tsohon Yellow Messenger, kamfani ne na kasa da kasa wanda ke da hedikwata a San Mateo, California wanda ke mai da hankali kan aikin sarrafa kansa na sabis na abokin ciniki. An kafa shi a cikin 2016 kuma yana ba da dandamali na AI don sarrafa abubuwan da ke tattare da tallafin abokin ciniki a cikin hira da murya. Dandalin yana tallafawa fiye da harsuna 135 a fadin tashoshi sama da 35.

== Tarihi ==
An kafa Yellow.ai a shekarar 2016 ta hannun Raghu Ravinutala, Jaya Kishore Reddy Gollarereddy, da Rashid Khan a [[Bangalore]], Indiya. Raghavendra Ravinutala da Jaya Kishore Reddy Gollarereddy sun bar aikinsu na cikakken lokaci don kafa Yellow.ai, kuma sun haɗu da Rashid Khan a wani kwaleji mai suna Hackathon, inda ya fara aiki da su. Zuwa watan Janairun 2016, Yellow.ai ta sami abokan ciniki 50,000..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roy |first=Debroop |date=2020-06-02 |title=Using Artificial Intelligence, This Start-Up Is Helping Enterprises Connect Better |url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/en-in/technology/using-artificial-intelligence-this-start-up-is-helping/351348 |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=Entrepreneur |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan shekarar, kamfanin ya fitar da samfurin aikace-aikacen don kamfanonin B2B. Wannan sigar software da dandamali an yi niyya ne don tallafawa murya da hulɗar tattaunawa ga kamfanoni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bardhan |first=Saptak |date=2023-02-09 |title=Artificial Intelligence Take-Over |url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/en-in/entrepreneurs/artificial-intelligence-take-over/444639 |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=Entrepreneur |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2016, kamfanin ya shiga shirin hanzari na [[Microsoft]] da SAP Startup Studio.

A watan Afrilu na 2021, a cikin annobar COVID-19, kamfanin ya haɓaka chatbots don taimakawa gwamnatoci da allurar rigakafi. Ya ƙaddamar da Yellow Messenger Care don ƙirƙirar chatbots na omnichannel da ke da alaƙa da taimakon COVID-19, wanda ya taimaka wa kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da asibitoci a cikin ƙoƙarin sarrafa rikicin su. A watan Yunin 2021, kamfanin ya sake sanya kansa daga Yellow Messenger zuwa Yellow.ai. A cikin 2022, Yellow.ai ta ƙaddamar da DynamicNLP, wanda aka tsara don kawar da buƙatar horar da samfurin NLP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dey |first=Victor |date=2022-08-18 |title=Can conversational AI skip NLP training? Yellow AI has a plan |url=https://venturebeat.com/ai/can-conversational-ai-reduce-nlp-model-training-yellow-ai-has-a-plan/ |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2023, Yellow.ai ya ba da sanarwar ƙaddamar da Dynamic Automation Platform (DAP) kuma ya bayyana sabon tambarin a matsayin wani ɓangare na dabarun sake fasalin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-04-25 |title=Yellow AI launches dynamic automation platform powered by generative AI for enterprises |url=https://venturebeat.com/ai/yellow-ai-launches-dynamic-automation-platform-powered-by-generative-ai-for-enterprises/ |access-date=2023-06-06 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2023, kamfanin ya kuma ƙaddamar da samfurin ƙaramin harshe mai suna YellowG, dandalin AI mai samarwa don aikin sarrafa kansa.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dey |first=Victor |date=2023-05-18 |title=Yellow AI launches YellowG, a generative AI platform for automation workflows |url=https://venturebeat.com/ai/yellow-ai-launches-yellowg-a-generative-ai-platform-for-automation-workflows/ |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kamfanin ya tura sama da 120 generative AI bots don kasuwanci a cikin 2023. 

=== Haɗin gwiwa da tushen abokin ciniki ===
A watan Janairun 2019, kamfanin ya yi aiki tare da Microsoft don yin aiki kan sauya tsarin sarrafa murya ta hanyar amfani da kayan aikin Azure Al Speech Services da kayan aikin sarrafa harshe na halitta (NLP). A watan Fabrairun 2022, kamfanin ya yi haɗin gwiwa da Tech Mahindra don haɓaka fasahar AI ta kasuwanci. Ya yi haɗin gwiwa da kamfanin kasuwanci na e-commerce Unicommerce a watan Yulin 2020. A watan Fabrairun 2022, Edelweiss General Insurance ta ƙaddamar da AI Voice Bot ɗinta, ta amfani da fasahar Yellow.ai. Yellow.ai ta aiwatar da fasahar sabis na abokin ciniki ta AI a Urja, wani mataimaki na kama-da-wane da kamfanin gwamnati BPCL ya ƙaddamar. Kamfanin ya kuma ƙulla haɗin gwiwa da Accenture, Infosys, TCS, da Wipro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=TCS, Infosys, HCLTech, Tech Mahindra partner with Yellow.AI for automation solutions |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/technology/tcs-infosys-hcltech-tech-mahindra-partner-with-yellow-ai-for-automation-solutions-article-12744773.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241021222521/https://www.moneycontrol.com/technology/tcs-infosys-hcltech-tech-mahindra-partner-with-yellow-ai-for-automation-solutions-article-12744773.html |archive-date=October 21, 2024 |access-date=2025-01-19 |website=Moneycontrol |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abokan ciniki sun haɗa da Sony,  [[Flipkart]], Grab, Skoda, Honda, Domino's Pizza, Bajaj Finance, [[Volkswagen]], HDFC Bank, Ferrellgas, Indigo, Adani Capital,  Haldiram, Lulu Group, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories da Concentrix.  

== Kudin ==
A watan Yunin 2019, Yellow.ai ta kammala wani shiri na tallafin dala miliyan 4 wanda Lightspeed Venture Partners da masu zuba jari na mala'iku suka jagoranta kamar Phanindra Sama, wanda ya kafa RedBus, Anand Swaminathan, babban abokin tarayya, McKinsey &amp; Company, wanda ya kafa Limeroad, Prashant Malik, da kuma wanda ya kafa Snapdeal, Kunal Bahl.&amp;nbsp;

A watan Afrilun 2020, ta tara dala miliyan 20 a zagayen B na gasar Lightspeed Ventures Partners da Lightspeed India Partners. A watan Agustan 2021, kamfanin ya tara dala miliyan 78.15 a zagayen tallafin Series C wanda WestBridge Capital, Sapphire Ventures, Salesforce Ventures, da Lightspeed Venture Partners suka jagoranta. Kamfanin ya tara jimillar dala miliyan 102 zuwa yanzu..&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

== Kyaututtuka ==
Kamfanin ya lashe kyautar Frost &amp;amp;amp; Sullivan Technology Innovation Leadership Award a shekarar 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 2021 |title=Yellow.ai Recognized for 2021 Technology Innovation Leadership |url=https://www.frost.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Yellow.ai-Award-Writeup.pdf |publisher=[[Frost &amp; Sullivan]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mujallar '''Dan kasuwa'' mai suna Yellow.ai mafi kyawun AI Startup na Shekara a Kyautar 'Dan kasuwa Indiya Startup ta 2022. An ba shi lambar yabo ta Best Chat / Conversational Bot / Tool a lokacin MarTech Leadership Summit 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=MarTech Leadership Awards – 2022 |url=https://www.kamikaze.co.in/martech/archives/awards/2022.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521213149/https://www.kamikaze.co.in/martech/archives/awards/2022.html |archive-date=May 21, 2022 |access-date=November 17, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Financial Express ta ba shi kyautar Mafi kyawun Amfani da Ma'amala ta AI - Zinariya a Kyautar FuTech ta Financial Express a cikin 2022. Kamfanin ya sami ambaton girmamawa a cikin maganin atomatik na rukunin Shekara a CCW Excellence Awards 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2022 CCW Excellence Awards winners |url=https://www.customercontactweekdigital.com/events-customercontactweekawards/2022-winners |publisher=CCW}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mujallar ''Forbes'' ta kara da Rashid Khan wanda ya kafa Yellow.ai zuwa Forbes Indiya 30 A karkashin 30 2022  da Forbes Asiya 30 A karkashin 30, 2022  jerin, a matsayin daya daga cikin matasa masu canza wasan da ke rushe masana'antar Fasaha ta Kasuwanci. Cibiyar Bincike ta Hurun ta lissafa kamfanin a cikin jerin 'Future Unicorn Index 2022' na Indiya. A cikin 2023, co-kafa &amp; Shugaba, Raghu Ravinutala an gane shi a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan Shugabannin SaaS 50 ta The Software Report . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=jirehl |date=2023-10-24 |title=The Top 50 SaaS CEOs of 2023 {{!}} The Software Report |url=https://www.thesoftwarereport.com/the-top-50-saas-ceos-of-2023/ |access-date=2024-02-13 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yellow.ai ya kasance na 13 a Yankin Bay kuma na 88 a cikin ƙasa a kan 2023 Deloitte Technology Fast 500 na [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2023 Technology Fast 500 Award Winners |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/technology-media-and-telecommunications/articles/fast500-winners.html |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Amazon Alexa
* Bixby (mai taimakawa na yanar gizo) 
* Cortana (software) 
* Mataimakin Google
* Apple Siri
* Viv (software)</text>
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'''Yellow.[[Kirkirar Basira|AI]]''', tsohon Yellow Messenger, kamfani ne na kasa da kasa wanda ke da hedikwata a San Mateo, California wanda ke mai da hankali kan aikin sarrafa kansa na sabis na abokin ciniki. An kafa shi a cikin 2016 kuma yana ba da dandamali na AI don sarrafa abubuwan da ke tattare da tallafin abokin ciniki a cikin hira da murya. Dandalin yana tallafawa fiye da harsuna 135 a fadin tashoshi sama da 35.

== Tarihi ==
An kafa Yellow.ai a shekarar 2016 ta hannun Raghu Ravinutala, Jaya Kishore Reddy Gollarereddy, da Rashid Khan a [[Bangalore]], Indiya. Raghavendra Ravinutala da Jaya Kishore Reddy Gollarereddy sun bar aikinsu na cikakken lokaci don kafa Yellow.ai, kuma sun haɗu da Rashid Khan a wani kwaleji mai suna Hackathon, inda ya fara aiki da su. Zuwa watan Janairun 2016, Yellow.ai ta sami abokan ciniki 50,000..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roy |first=Debroop |date=2020-06-02 |title=Using Artificial Intelligence, This Start-Up Is Helping Enterprises Connect Better |url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/en-in/technology/using-artificial-intelligence-this-start-up-is-helping/351348 |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=Entrepreneur |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan shekarar, kamfanin ya fitar da samfurin aikace-aikacen don kamfanonin B2B. Wannan sigar software da dandamali an yi niyya ne don tallafawa murya da hulɗar tattaunawa ga kamfanoni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bardhan |first=Saptak |date=2023-02-09 |title=Artificial Intelligence Take-Over |url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/en-in/entrepreneurs/artificial-intelligence-take-over/444639 |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=Entrepreneur |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2016, kamfanin ya shiga shirin hanzari na [[Microsoft]] da SAP Startup Studio.

A watan Afrilu na 2021, a cikin annobar COVID-19, kamfanin ya haɓaka chatbots don taimakawa gwamnatoci da allurar rigakafi. Ya ƙaddamar da Yellow Messenger Care don ƙirƙirar chatbots na omnichannel da ke da alaƙa da taimakon COVID-19, wanda ya taimaka wa kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da asibitoci a cikin ƙoƙarin sarrafa rikicin su. A watan Yunin 2021, kamfanin ya sake sanya kansa daga Yellow Messenger zuwa Yellow.ai. A cikin 2022, Yellow.ai ta ƙaddamar da DynamicNLP, wanda aka tsara don kawar da buƙatar horar da samfurin NLP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dey |first=Victor |date=2022-08-18 |title=Can conversational AI skip NLP training? Yellow AI has a plan |url=https://venturebeat.com/ai/can-conversational-ai-reduce-nlp-model-training-yellow-ai-has-a-plan/ |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2023, Yellow.ai ya ba da sanarwar ƙaddamar da Dynamic Automation Platform (DAP) kuma ya bayyana sabon tambarin a matsayin wani ɓangare na dabarun sake fasalin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-04-25 |title=Yellow AI launches dynamic automation platform powered by generative AI for enterprises |url=https://venturebeat.com/ai/yellow-ai-launches-dynamic-automation-platform-powered-by-generative-ai-for-enterprises/ |access-date=2023-06-06 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2023, kamfanin ya kuma ƙaddamar da samfurin ƙaramin harshe mai suna YellowG, dandalin AI mai samarwa don aikin sarrafa kansa.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dey |first=Victor |date=2023-05-18 |title=Yellow AI launches YellowG, a generative AI platform for automation workflows |url=https://venturebeat.com/ai/yellow-ai-launches-yellowg-a-generative-ai-platform-for-automation-workflows/ |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kamfanin ya tura sama da 120 generative AI bots don kasuwanci a cikin 2023. 

=== Haɗin gwiwa da tushen abokin ciniki ===
A watan Janairun 2019, kamfanin ya yi aiki tare da Microsoft don yin aiki kan sauya tsarin sarrafa murya ta hanyar amfani da kayan aikin Azure Al Speech Services da kayan aikin sarrafa harshe na halitta (NLP). A watan Fabrairun 2022, kamfanin ya yi haɗin gwiwa da Tech Mahindra don haɓaka fasahar AI ta kasuwanci. Ya yi haɗin gwiwa da kamfanin kasuwanci na e-commerce Unicommerce a watan Yulin 2020. A watan Fabrairun 2022, Edelweiss General Insurance ta ƙaddamar da AI Voice Bot ɗinta, ta amfani da fasahar Yellow.ai. Yellow.ai ta aiwatar da fasahar sabis na abokin ciniki ta AI a Urja, wani mataimaki na kama-da-wane da kamfanin gwamnati BPCL ya ƙaddamar. Kamfanin ya kuma ƙulla haɗin gwiwa da Accenture, Infosys, TCS, da Wipro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=TCS, Infosys, HCLTech, Tech Mahindra partner with Yellow.AI for automation solutions |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/technology/tcs-infosys-hcltech-tech-mahindra-partner-with-yellow-ai-for-automation-solutions-article-12744773.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241021222521/https://www.moneycontrol.com/technology/tcs-infosys-hcltech-tech-mahindra-partner-with-yellow-ai-for-automation-solutions-article-12744773.html |archive-date=October 21, 2024 |access-date=2025-01-19 |website=Moneycontrol |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abokan ciniki sun haɗa da Sony,  [[Flipkart]], Grab, Skoda, Honda, Domino's Pizza, Bajaj Finance, [[Volkswagen]], HDFC Bank, Ferrellgas, Indigo, Adani Capital,  Haldiram, Lulu Group, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories da Concentrix.  

== Kudin ==
A watan Yunin 2019, Yellow.ai ta kammala wani shiri na tallafin dala miliyan 4 wanda Lightspeed Venture Partners da masu zuba jari na mala'iku suka jagoranta kamar Phanindra Sama, wanda ya kafa RedBus, Anand Swaminathan, babban abokin tarayya, McKinsey &amp; Company, wanda ya kafa Limeroad, Prashant Malik, da kuma wanda ya kafa Snapdeal, Kunal Bahl.&amp;nbsp;

A watan Afrilun 2020, ta tara dala miliyan 20 a zagayen B na gasar Lightspeed Ventures Partners da Lightspeed India Partners. A watan Agustan 2021, kamfanin ya tara dala miliyan 78.15 a zagayen tallafin Series C wanda WestBridge Capital, Sapphire Ventures, Salesforce Ventures, da Lightspeed Venture Partners suka jagoranta. Kamfanin ya tara jimillar dala miliyan 102 zuwa yanzu..&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

== Kyaututtuka ==
Kamfanin ya lashe kyautar Frost &amp;amp;amp; Sullivan Technology Innovation Leadership Award a shekarar 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 2021 |title=Yellow.ai Recognized for 2021 Technology Innovation Leadership |url=https://www.frost.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Yellow.ai-Award-Writeup.pdf |publisher=[[Frost &amp; Sullivan]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mujallar '''Dan kasuwa'' mai suna Yellow.ai mafi kyawun AI Startup na Shekara a Kyautar 'Dan kasuwa Indiya Startup ta 2022. An ba shi lambar yabo ta Best Chat / Conversational Bot / Tool a lokacin MarTech Leadership Summit 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=MarTech Leadership Awards – 2022 |url=https://www.kamikaze.co.in/martech/archives/awards/2022.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521213149/https://www.kamikaze.co.in/martech/archives/awards/2022.html |archive-date=May 21, 2022 |access-date=November 17, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Financial Express ta ba shi kyautar Mafi kyawun Amfani da Ma'amala ta AI - Zinariya a Kyautar FuTech ta Financial Express a cikin 2022. Kamfanin ya sami ambaton girmamawa a cikin maganin atomatik na rukunin Shekara a CCW Excellence Awards 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2022 CCW Excellence Awards winners |url=https://www.customercontactweekdigital.com/events-customercontactweekawards/2022-winners |publisher=CCW}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mujallar ''Forbes'' ta kara da Rashid Khan wanda ya kafa Yellow.ai zuwa Forbes Indiya 30 A karkashin 30 2022  da Forbes Asiya 30 A karkashin 30, 2022  jerin, a matsayin daya daga cikin matasa masu canza wasan da ke rushe masana'antar Fasaha ta Kasuwanci. Cibiyar Bincike ta Hurun ta lissafa kamfanin a cikin jerin 'Future Unicorn Index 2022' na Indiya. A cikin 2023, co-kafa &amp; Shugaba, Raghu Ravinutala an gane shi a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan Shugabannin SaaS 50 ta The Software Report . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=jirehl |date=2023-10-24 |title=The Top 50 SaaS CEOs of 2023 {{!}} The Software Report |url=https://www.thesoftwarereport.com/the-top-50-saas-ceos-of-2023/ |access-date=2024-02-13 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yellow.ai ya kasance na 13 a Yankin Bay kuma na 88 a cikin ƙasa a kan 2023 Deloitte Technology Fast 500 na [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2023 Technology Fast 500 Award Winners |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/technology-media-and-telecommunications/articles/fast500-winners.html |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Amazon Alexa
* Bixby (mai taimakawa na yanar gizo) 
* Cortana (software) 
* Mataimakin Google
* Apple Siri
* Viv (software)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zandabad</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322053680|Zandabad]]&quot;</comment>
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|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-subheader&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;category&quot;&gt;Ƙauyen&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |[[File:Sheyvar_(Şeyvər)_mountain.JPG|333x333px|Sheyvar Mountain overlooking the village of Zandabad]]&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-caption&quot;&gt;Dutsen Sheyvar yana kallon ƙauyen Zandabad&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Location map/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:250px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:250px&quot;&gt;[[Fayil:Iran_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|250x250px|Zandabad is located in Iran]]&lt;div class=&quot;od notheme&quot; style=&quot;top:9.027%;left:16.741%;font-size:91%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;id&quot; style=&quot;left:-3px;top:-3px&quot;&gt;[[Fayil:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Zandabad]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pr&quot; style=&quot;width:6em;left:4px&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zandabad&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |Hanyar sadarwa: 38°36′03′′N 46°55′55′′E / 38.60083°N 46.93194°E / 38. 60083; 46.93194. &lt;indicator name=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Zandabad&amp;params=38_36_03_N_46_55_55_E_dim:1km_type:city(975)_region:IR-03 &lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;38°36′03″N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;46°55′55″E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &amp;#xfeff;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;38.60083°N 46.93194°E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;38.60083; 46.93194&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/indicator&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kasar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[Iran]]
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Lardin
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Gabashin Azerbaijan
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Ahar
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Tsakiya
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar Karkara
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Hacha mai kwakwalwa
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Hawan sama&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |1,351.4 m (4,434 ft) &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |Yawan jama'a (2016) [2]&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt; (2016)&lt;ref name=&quot;2016 East Azerbaijan Province&quot;&gt; {{Cite web |script-title=fa:سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395 : استان آذربایجان شرقی |trans-title=General Population and Housing Census 2016: East Azerbaijan Province |url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113123618/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx |archive-date=13 November 2020 |access-date=19 December 2022 |website={{lang|fa|rtl=yes|مرکز آمار ایران}} [Statistical Centre of Iran] |language=fa |format=Excel}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;• Jimillar&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |975
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yankin lokaci
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |UTC+3:30 (STIR) 
|}
(Persian) ƙauye ne a cikin Gundumar Karkara ta Owch Hacha &lt;sup class=&quot;mw-ref reference&quot; cx-link=&quot;&quot; data-linkid=&quot;106&quot; href=&quot;./Iran&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Iran&quot;&gt;Iran Jalali calendar)&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;date&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;16 May 1990 &lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;lt;!-- Converted 'Approval date' using &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.iranchamber.com/calendar/converter/iranian_calendar_converter.php&lt;/nowiki&gt; --&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;script-title&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;fa:تصویب اصلاحاتی در دهستانهای استان آذربایجان شرقی&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;trans-title&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;‌Approval of reforms in rural districts of East Azerbaijan province&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;url&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/112813&amp;amp;quot;},&amp;amp;quot;archive-url&amp;amp;quot;:{&amp;amp;quot;wt&amp;amp;quot;:&amp;amp;quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20231206114303/https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/112813&amp;amp;quot;},&amp;amp;quot;archive-date&amp;amp;quot;:{&amp;amp;quot;wt&amp;amp;quot;:&amp;amp;quot;6&lt;/nowiki&gt; December 2023&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;access-date&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;4 September 2025&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;website&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fa|rtl=yes|لام تا کام}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; [Lam ta Kam]&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;publisher&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fa|rtl=yes|‌وزارت کشور}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; [Ministry of the Interior]&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;agency&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fa|rtl=yes|کمیسیون سیاسی دفاعی هیأت دولت}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; [Political Defense Commission of the Government Board]&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;language&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;fa&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;id&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fa|rtl=yes|شناسه}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; [ID] 34E4F82E-DD23-444A-BF32-58F2CC57DDA2. &lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fa|rtl=yes|شماره دوره}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; [Course number] 69.&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;}},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;i&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:0}}]}\&quot; data-ve-no-generated-contents=\&quot;true\&quot; id=\&quot;mwzg\&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;cite about=\&quot;#mwt22\&quot; class=\&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source\&quot; id=\&quot;CITEREFHabibi1990\&quot; data-ve-ignore=\&quot;\&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=\&quot;cx-link\&quot; data-linkid=\&quot;195\&quot; href=\&quot;./Hassan_Habibi\&quot; id=\&quot;mwzw\&quot; rel=\&quot;mw:WikiLink\&quot; title=\&quot;Hassan Habibi\&quot;&gt;Habibi, Hassan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (16 May 1990) [&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span id=\&quot;mw0A\&quot; title=\&quot;Persian-language text\&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=\&quot;rtl\&quot; id=\&quot;mw0Q\&quot; lang=\&quot;fa\&quot;&gt;تاریخ تصویب&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Approval date) 1369/02/26 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot;}}&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-East_Azerbaijan_Province_Reforms_112813_5-0&quot; rel=&quot;dc:references&quot; typeof=&quot;mw:Extension/ref&quot;&gt;[./Zandabad#cite_note-East_Azerbaijan_Province_Reforms_112813-5 &lt;span class=&quot;mw-reflink-text&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;1&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/sup&gt; na Gundumar Tsakiya a cikin Garin Ahar, lardin Gabashin Azerbaijan, Iran .{{Efn|Also [[romanize]]d as '''Zandābād''', and [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]: '''Zəndabad'''; also known as '''Zandava''' and '''Zandāwa'''; formerly '''Samadia''' and Azerbaijani: '''Səmədiyə'''&lt;ref&gt;{{GEOnet3|-3088922|Zandabad}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

== Magana ==
Asalin sunan ƙauyen Samadia ne, amma an canza wannan sunan zuwa Zandabad ta hanyar shawarar Kwalejin Iran da kuma wasu ƙungiyoyin khanate a shekarar 1936. {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2024}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== Harshe ===
Yawancin mutanen ƙauyen 'yan Azerbaijan ne. A yau, yaren da aka fi magana a Samadia shine Turkic na Azerbaijan, wanda yake cikin iyalin yarukan Turkic. Azerbaijani memba ne na reshen Oghuz na [[Turkic languages|Harshen Turkic]], kuma yana da alaƙa da [[Turkanci|Turkiyya]] da Turkmeni. Harshen Azerbaijani na zamani ya samo asali ne daga yaren Oghuz na Gabas na Yammacin (Oghuz) Turkic, wanda ya bazu zuwa Kudu maso Yammacin Asiya a lokacin ƙaurawar Turkic na zamani kuma [[Farisawa|Farisa]] da [[Larabci]] sun rinjayi shi sosai.

=== Addini ===
Yawancin jama'a mabiyan [[Shi'a|Shia]] ne.

=== Yawan jama'a ===
A lokacin kididdigar kasa ta 2006, yawan mutanen ƙauyen ya kai 1,104 a cikin gidaje 224. &lt;ref name=&quot;2006 East Azerbaijan Province&quot;&gt; {{Cite web |script-title=fa:سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1385 : استان آذربایجان شرقی |trans-title=General Population and Housing Census 2006: East Azerbaijan Province |url=http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/03.xls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920092432/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/03.xls |archive-date=20 September 2011 |access-date=25 September 2022 |website={{lang|fa|rtl=yes|مرکز آمار ایران}} [Statistical Centre of Iran] |language=fa |format=Excel}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙididdigar da ta biyo baya a cikin 2011 ta ƙidaya mutane 633 a cikin gidaje 166.&lt;ref name=&quot;2011 East Azerbaijan Province&quot;&gt; {{Cite web |script-title=fa:سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1390 : استان آذربایجان شرقی |trans-title=General Population and Housing Census 2011: East Azerbaijan Province |url=https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/East-Azerbaijan.xls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116202318/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/East-Azerbaijan.xls |archive-date=16 January 2023 |access-date=19 December 2022 |website=Iran Data Portal—Syracuse University |language=fa |format=Excel |agency={{lang|fa|rtl=yes|مرکز آمار ایران}} [Statistical Centre of Iran]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙididdigar shekara ta 2016 ta auna yawan mutanen ƙauyen a matsayin mutane 975 a cikin gidaje 298. Ita ce ƙauyen da ta fi yawan jama'a a cikin gundumar karkara.&lt;ref name=&quot;2016 East Azerbaijan Province&quot;&gt; {{Cite web |script-title=fa:سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395 : استان آذربایجان شرقی |trans-title=General Population and Housing Census 2016: East Azerbaijan Province |url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113123618/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx |archive-date=13 November 2020 |access-date=19 December 2022 |website={{lang|fa|rtl=yes|مرکز آمار ایران}} [Statistical Centre of Iran] |language=fa |format=Excel}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20201113123618/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx &lt;bdi lang=&quot;fa&quot;&gt;سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395 : استان آذربایجان شرقی&lt;/bdi&gt;] &amp;#x5B;General Population and Housing Census 2016: East Azerbaijan Province&amp;#x5D;. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yanayin ƙasa ==
Samadia yanki ne mai tsaunuka da matsakaici.{{Wide image|Samadia mountains panorama.jpg|1000px|Panoramic view from the Samadia village mountains}}

== Tattalin Arziki ==
Babban fitar da ƙauyen shine hatsi. Mutane suna rayuwa a kan noma da shanu. Yin sana'a kilim kuma shine tushen samun kudin shiga.

== Al'adu da fasaha ==

=== Waƙoƙi ===
Ashik ne ke buga wakokin da suka shahara, waɗanda ke buga Saz ko Qopuz, wani nau'in waƙa. Waƙoƙinsu an yi su ne da wani ɓangare na tushen waƙa ɗaya.

=== Abincin ===
Wasu abincin gargajiya na Zandabad sune:

''Ash'' shine miya da aka shirya tare da bouillon, [[Kayan miya|kayan lambu]] daban-daban, carrot, [[Taliya|noodle]] da kayan yaji.

''[[Dolma]]'' abincin gargajiya ne na Azerbaijan. Ana yin sa da eggplant, barkono, tumatir ko zucchini cike da cakuda nama, wake, albasa da kayan ƙanshi iri-iri.

== Abubuwan jan hankali ==
Akwai abubuwa da yawa a Samadia, ciki har da:

* Səmədiyə daşı, wani rubutunrubutun da aka rubuta
* Dutsen Şeyvər, dutse mafi tsawo a ƙauyen

== Dubi kuma ==
{{Clear}}&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Notelist}}&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
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      <id>838500</id>
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{| class=&quot;infobox ib-settlement vcard&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;fn org&quot;&gt;Zandabad&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;nickname ib-settlement-native&quot; lang=&quot;fa&quot;&gt;[[Persian language|Farisa]]: Zondeآباد&lt;span lang=&quot;fa&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;Zonde ya zama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-subheader&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;category&quot;&gt;Ƙauyen&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |[[File:Sheyvar_(Şeyvər)_mountain.JPG|333x333px|Sheyvar Mountain overlooking the village of Zandabad]]&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-caption&quot;&gt;Dutsen Sheyvar yana kallon ƙauyen Zandabad&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Location map/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:250px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:250px&quot;&gt;[[Fayil:Iran_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|250x250px|Zandabad is located in Iran]]&lt;div class=&quot;od notheme&quot; style=&quot;top:9.027%;left:16.741%;font-size:91%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;id&quot; style=&quot;left:-3px;top:-3px&quot;&gt;[[Fayil:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Zandabad]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pr&quot; style=&quot;width:6em;left:4px&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zandabad&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |Hanyar sadarwa: 38°36′03′′N 46°55′55′′E / 38.60083°N 46.93194°E / 38. 60083; 46.93194. &lt;indicator name=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Zandabad&amp;params=38_36_03_N_46_55_55_E_dim:1km_type:city(975)_region:IR-03 &lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;38°36′03″N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;46°55′55″E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &amp;#xfeff;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;38.60083°N 46.93194°E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;38.60083; 46.93194&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/indicator&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kasar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[Iran]]
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Lardin
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Gabashin Azerbaijan
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Ahar
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Tsakiya
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar Karkara
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Hacha mai kwakwalwa
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Hawan sama&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |1,351.4 m (4,434 ft) &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |Yawan jama'a (2016) [2]&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt; (2016)&lt;ref name=&quot;2016 East Azerbaijan Province&quot;&gt; {{Cite web |script-title=fa:سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395 : استان آذربایجان شرقی |trans-title=General Population and Housing Census 2016: East Azerbaijan Province |url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113123618/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx |archive-date=13 November 2020 |access-date=19 December 2022 |website={{lang|fa|rtl=yes|مرکز آمار ایران}} [Statistical Centre of Iran] |language=fa |format=Excel}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;• Jimillar&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |975
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yankin lokaci
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |UTC+3:30 (STIR) 
|}
(Persian) ƙauye ne a cikin Gundumar Karkara ta Owch Hacha &lt;sup class=&quot;mw-ref reference&quot; cx-link=&quot;&quot; data-linkid=&quot;106&quot; href=&quot;./Iran&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Iran&quot;&gt;Iran Jalali calendar)&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;date&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;16 May 1990 &lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;lt;!-- Converted 'Approval date' using &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.iranchamber.com/calendar/converter/iranian_calendar_converter.php&lt;/nowiki&gt; --&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;script-title&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;fa:تصویب اصلاحاتی در دهستانهای استان آذربایجان شرقی&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;trans-title&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;‌Approval of reforms in rural districts of East Azerbaijan province&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;url&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/112813&amp;amp;quot;},&amp;amp;quot;archive-url&amp;amp;quot;:{&amp;amp;quot;wt&amp;amp;quot;:&amp;amp;quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20231206114303/https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/112813&amp;amp;quot;},&amp;amp;quot;archive-date&amp;amp;quot;:{&amp;amp;quot;wt&amp;amp;quot;:&amp;amp;quot;6&lt;/nowiki&gt; December 2023&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;access-date&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;4 September 2025&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;website&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fa|rtl=yes|لام تا کام}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; [Lam ta Kam]&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;publisher&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fa|rtl=yes|‌وزارت کشور}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; [Ministry of the Interior]&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;agency&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fa|rtl=yes|کمیسیون سیاسی دفاعی هیأت دولت}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; [Political Defense Commission of the Government Board]&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;language&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;fa&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;id&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fa|rtl=yes|شناسه}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; [ID] 34E4F82E-DD23-444A-BF32-58F2CC57DDA2. &lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fa|rtl=yes|شماره دوره}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; [Course number] 69.&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;}},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;i&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:0}}]}\&quot; data-ve-no-generated-contents=\&quot;true\&quot; id=\&quot;mwzg\&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;cite about=\&quot;#mwt22\&quot; class=\&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source\&quot; id=\&quot;CITEREFHabibi1990\&quot; data-ve-ignore=\&quot;\&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=\&quot;cx-link\&quot; data-linkid=\&quot;195\&quot; href=\&quot;./Hassan_Habibi\&quot; id=\&quot;mwzw\&quot; rel=\&quot;mw:WikiLink\&quot; title=\&quot;Hassan Habibi\&quot;&gt;Habibi, Hassan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (16 May 1990) [&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span id=\&quot;mw0A\&quot; title=\&quot;Persian-language text\&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=\&quot;rtl\&quot; id=\&quot;mw0Q\&quot; lang=\&quot;fa\&quot;&gt;تاریخ تصویب&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Approval date) 1369/02/26 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot;}}&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-East_Azerbaijan_Province_Reforms_112813_5-0&quot; rel=&quot;dc:references&quot; typeof=&quot;mw:Extension/ref&quot;&gt;[./Zandabad#cite_note-East_Azerbaijan_Province_Reforms_112813-5 &lt;span class=&quot;mw-reflink-text&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;1&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/sup&gt; na Gundumar Tsakiya a cikin Garin Ahar, lardin Gabashin Azerbaijan, Iran .{{Efn|Also [[romanize]]d as '''Zandābād''', and [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]: '''Zəndabad'''; also known as '''Zandava''' and '''Zandāwa'''; formerly '''Samadia''' and Azerbaijani: '''Səmədiyə'''&lt;ref&gt;{{GEOnet3|-3088922|Zandabad}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

== Magana ==
Asalin sunan ƙauyen Samadia ne, amma an canza wannan sunan zuwa Zandabad ta hanyar shawarar Kwalejin Iran da kuma wasu ƙungiyoyin khanate a shekarar 1936. {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2024}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== Harshe ===
Yawancin mutanen ƙauyen 'yan Azerbaijan ne. A yau, yaren da aka fi magana a Samadia shine Turkic na Azerbaijan, wanda yake cikin iyalin yarukan Turkic. Azerbaijani memba ne na reshen Oghuz na [[Turkic languages|Harshen Turkic]], kuma yana da alaƙa da [[Turkanci|Turkiyya]] da Turkmeni. Harshen Azerbaijani na zamani ya samo asali ne daga yaren Oghuz na Gabas na Yammacin (Oghuz) Turkic, wanda ya bazu zuwa Kudu maso Yammacin Asiya a lokacin ƙaurawar Turkic na zamani kuma [[Farisawa|Farisa]] da [[Larabci]] sun rinjayi shi sosai.

=== Addini ===
Yawancin jama'a mabiyan [[Shi'a|Shia]] ne.

=== Yawan jama'a ===
A lokacin kididdigar kasa ta 2006, yawan mutanen ƙauyen ya kai 1,104 a cikin gidaje 224. &lt;ref name=&quot;2006 East Azerbaijan Province&quot;&gt; {{Cite web |script-title=fa:سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1385 : استان آذربایجان شرقی |trans-title=General Population and Housing Census 2006: East Azerbaijan Province |url=http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/03.xls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920092432/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/03.xls |archive-date=20 September 2011 |access-date=25 September 2022 |website={{lang|fa|rtl=yes|مرکز آمار ایران}} [Statistical Centre of Iran] |language=fa |format=Excel}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙididdigar da ta biyo baya a cikin 2011 ta ƙidaya mutane 633 a cikin gidaje 166.&lt;ref name=&quot;2011 East Azerbaijan Province&quot;&gt; {{Cite web |script-title=fa:سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1390 : استان آذربایجان شرقی |trans-title=General Population and Housing Census 2011: East Azerbaijan Province |url=https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/East-Azerbaijan.xls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116202318/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/East-Azerbaijan.xls |archive-date=16 January 2023 |access-date=19 December 2022 |website=Iran Data Portal—Syracuse University |language=fa |format=Excel |agency={{lang|fa|rtl=yes|مرکز آمار ایران}} [Statistical Centre of Iran]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙididdigar shekara ta 2016 ta auna yawan mutanen ƙauyen a matsayin mutane 975 a cikin gidaje 298. Ita ce ƙauyen da ta fi yawan jama'a a cikin gundumar karkara.&lt;ref name=&quot;2016 East Azerbaijan Province&quot;&gt; {{Cite web |script-title=fa:سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395 : استان آذربایجان شرقی |trans-title=General Population and Housing Census 2016: East Azerbaijan Province |url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113123618/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx |archive-date=13 November 2020 |access-date=19 December 2022 |website={{lang|fa|rtl=yes|مرکز آمار ایران}} [Statistical Centre of Iran] |language=fa |format=Excel}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20201113123618/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_03.xlsx &lt;bdi lang=&quot;fa&quot;&gt;سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395 : استان آذربایجان شرقی&lt;/bdi&gt;] &amp;#x5B;General Population and Housing Census 2016: East Azerbaijan Province&amp;#x5D;. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yanayin ƙasa ==
Samadia yanki ne mai tsaunuka da matsakaici.{{Wide image|Samadia mountains panorama.jpg|1000px|Panoramic view from the Samadia village mountains}}

== Tattalin Arziki ==
Babban fitar da ƙauyen shine hatsi. Mutane suna rayuwa a kan noma da shanu. Yin sana'a kilim kuma shine tushen samun kudin shiga.

== Al'adu da fasaha ==

=== Waƙoƙi ===
Ashik ne ke buga wakokin da suka shahara, waɗanda ke buga Saz ko Qopuz, wani nau'in waƙa. Waƙoƙinsu an yi su ne da wani ɓangare na tushen waƙa ɗaya.

=== Abincin ===
Wasu abincin gargajiya na Zandabad sune:

''Ash'' shine miya da aka shirya tare da bouillon, [[Kayan miya|kayan lambu]] daban-daban, carrot, [[Taliya|noodle]] da kayan yaji.

''[[Dolma]]'' abincin gargajiya ne na Azerbaijan. Ana yin sa da eggplant, barkono, tumatir ko zucchini cike da cakuda nama, wake, albasa da kayan ƙanshi iri-iri.

== Abubuwan jan hankali ==
Akwai abubuwa da yawa a Samadia, ciki har da:

* Səmədiyə daşı, wani rubutunrubutun da aka rubuta
* Dutsen Şeyvər, dutse mafi tsawo a ƙauyen

== Dubi kuma ==
{{Clear}}&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Notelist}}&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>hiw6xdrd6y951au0yxnt7fjyvrdsz1t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Long Dark Night</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151852</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838510</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:11:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>13085</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348352405|Long Dark Night]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838510</origin>
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Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya Long Dark Night ([[Kroatiya|Croatian:]]) fim ne na Croatian na 2004 wanda ke hulɗa da [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]] a Croatia da sakamakonsa. Antun Vrdoljak ne ya ba da umarnin kuma ya fito da Goran Višnjić . Shi ne gabatarwar Croatia ga Kyautar Kwalejin ta 77 don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje, amma ba a yarda da shi a matsayin wanda aka zaba ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;YahooMoviesNomineeList&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 January 2005 |title=2005 Oscars 77th Academy Awards Nominees |url=https://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080122041139/http://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |archive-date=22 January 2008 |access-date=8 July 2008 |publisher=[[Yahoo! Movies]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An kuma daidaita fim din a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 13 da gidan talabijin ya watsa a shekara ta 2005. 

== Yan Wasan Shirin ==

* Goran Višnjić - Ivan Kolar - Iva
* Mustafa Nadarević - Španac
* Ivo Gregurević - Manjo
* Goran Navojec - Matija Čačić - Mata
* Boris Dvornik - Luka Kolar
* Tarik Filipović - Joka
* {{Interlanguage link|Katarina Bistrović-Darvaš|hr}}  - Vera Kolar
* Žarko Potočnjak - Alojz
* Vera Zima - Kata
* Alen Liverić - Jozef Schmit
* Goran Grgić - Franz Kirchmeier
* Krešimir Mikić - Robert Neuman

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{IMDb title|id=0305499|title=Long Dark Night}}</text>
      <sha1>b6alxb077anzfbydq159mkumu3tqx9f</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838511</id>
      <parentid>838510</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:12:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>13085</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838511</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1430" sha1="5397vagddp9gbf6d3n28knaxuwo9lzn" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
Long Dark Night ([[Kroatiya|Croatian:]]) fim ne na Croatian na 2004 wanda ke hulɗa da [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]] a Croatia da sakamakonsa. Antun Vrdoljak ne ya ba da umarnin kuma ya fito da Goran Višnjić . Shi ne gabatarwar Croatia ga Kyautar Kwalejin ta 77 don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje, amma ba a yarda da shi a matsayin wanda aka zaba ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;YahooMoviesNomineeList&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 January 2005 |title=2005 Oscars 77th Academy Awards Nominees |url=https://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080122041139/http://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |archive-date=22 January 2008 |access-date=8 July 2008 |publisher=[[Yahoo! Movies]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An kuma daidaita fim din a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 13 da gidan talabijin ya watsa a shekara ta 2005. 

== Yan Wasan Shirin ==

* Goran Višnjić - Ivan Kolar - Iva
* Mustafa Nadarević - Španac
* Ivo Gregurević - Manjo
* Goran Navojec - Matija Čačić - Mata
* Boris Dvornik - Luka Kolar
* Tarik Filipović - Joka
* {{Interlanguage link|Katarina Bistrović-Darvaš|hr}}  - Vera Kolar
* Žarko Potočnjak - Alojz
* Vera Zima - Kata
* Alen Liverić - Jozef Schmit
* Goran Grgić - Franz Kirchmeier
* Krešimir Mikić - Robert Neuman

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{IMDb title|id=0305499|title=Long Dark Night}}</text>
      <sha1>5397vagddp9gbf6d3n28knaxuwo9lzn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838512</id>
      <parentid>838511</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:12:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>13085</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838512</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1432" sha1="8al621959kmsea74v7owale7llm4kyt" xml:space="preserve">{{databox|2}}
Long Dark Night ([[Kroatiya|Croatian:]]) fim ne na Croatian na 2004 wanda ke hulɗa da [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]] a Croatia da sakamakonsa. Antun Vrdoljak ne ya ba da umarnin kuma ya fito da Goran Višnjić . Shi ne gabatarwar Croatia ga Kyautar Kwalejin ta 77 don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje, amma ba a yarda da shi a matsayin wanda aka zaba ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;YahooMoviesNomineeList&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 January 2005 |title=2005 Oscars 77th Academy Awards Nominees |url=https://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080122041139/http://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |archive-date=22 January 2008 |access-date=8 July 2008 |publisher=[[Yahoo! Movies]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An kuma daidaita fim din a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 13 da gidan talabijin ya watsa a shekara ta 2005. 

== Yan Wasan Shirin ==

* Goran Višnjić - Ivan Kolar - Iva
* Mustafa Nadarević - Španac
* Ivo Gregurević - Manjo
* Goran Navojec - Matija Čačić - Mata
* Boris Dvornik - Luka Kolar
* Tarik Filipović - Joka
* {{Interlanguage link|Katarina Bistrović-Darvaš|hr}}  - Vera Kolar
* Žarko Potočnjak - Alojz
* Vera Zima - Kata
* Alen Liverić - Jozef Schmit
* Goran Grgić - Franz Kirchmeier
* Krešimir Mikić - Robert Neuman

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{IMDb title|id=0305499|title=Long Dark Night}}</text>
      <sha1>8al621959kmsea74v7owale7llm4kyt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838513</id>
      <parentid>838512</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:14:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>13085</id>
      </contributor>
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Long Dark Night ([[Kroatiya|Croatian:]]) fim ne na Croatian na 2004 wanda ke hulɗa da [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]] a Croatia da sakamakonsa. Antun Vrdoljak ne ya ba da umarnin kuma ya fito da Goran Višnjić . Shi ne gabatarwar Croatia ga Kyautar Kwalejin ta 77 don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje, amma ba a yarda da shi a matsayin wanda aka zaba ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;YahooMoviesNomineeList&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 January 2005 |title=2005 Oscars 77th Academy Awards Nominees |url=https://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080122041139/http://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |archive-date=22 January 2008 |access-date=8 July 2008 |publisher=[[Yahoo! Movies]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An kuma daidaita fim din a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 13 da gidan talabijin ya watsa a shekara ta 2005.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://obljetnica.hrt.hr/leksikon/d/duga-mracna-noc/|title=Duga mračna noć|encyclopedia=Leksikon radija i televizije|publisher=[[Croatian Radiotelevision]]|language=hr|accessdate=16 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Yan Wasan Shirin ==

* Goran Višnjić - Ivan Kolar - Iva
* Mustafa Nadarević - Španac
* Ivo Gregurević - Manjo
* Goran Navojec - Matija Čačić - Mata
* Boris Dvornik - Luka Kolar
* Tarik Filipović - Joka
* {{Interlanguage link|Katarina Bistrović-Darvaš|hr}}  - Vera Kolar
* Žarko Potočnjak - Alojz
* Vera Zima - Kata
* Alen Liverić - Jozef Schmit
* Goran Grgić - Franz Kirchmeier
* Krešimir Mikić - Robert Neuman

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{IMDb title|id=0305499|title=Long Dark Night}}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838514</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:15:41Z</timestamp>
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        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
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Long Dark Night ([[Kroatiya|Croatian:]]) fim ne na Croatian na 2004 wanda ke hulɗa da [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]] a Croatia da sakamakonsa. Antun Vrdoljak ne ya ba da umarnin kuma ya fito da Goran Višnjić . Shi ne gabatarwar Croatia ga Kyautar Kwalejin ta 77 don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje, amma ba a yarda da shi a matsayin wanda aka zaba ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;AMPASSubmissionList&quot;&gt;{{cite press release|url=http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2004/04.10.22.html|title=50 Countries in Competition for Oscar|publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]]|date=22 October 2004|accessdate=29 January 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050207192921/http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2004/04.10.22.html|archivedate=7 February 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;YahooMoviesNomineeList&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 January 2005 |title=2005 Oscars 77th Academy Awards Nominees |url=https://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080122041139/http://movies.yahoo.com/feature/osc_03nominees.html |archive-date=22 January 2008 |access-date=8 July 2008 |publisher=[[Yahoo! Movies]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An kuma daidaita fim din a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 13 da gidan talabijin ya watsa a shekara ta 2005.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://obljetnica.hrt.hr/leksikon/d/duga-mracna-noc/|title=Duga mračna noć|encyclopedia=Leksikon radija i televizije|publisher=[[Croatian Radiotelevision]]|language=hr|accessdate=16 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Yan Wasan Shirin ==

* Goran Višnjić - Ivan Kolar - Iva
* Mustafa Nadarević - Španac
* Ivo Gregurević - Manjo
* Goran Navojec - Matija Čačić - Mata
* Boris Dvornik - Luka Kolar
* Tarik Filipović - Joka
* {{Interlanguage link|Katarina Bistrović-Darvaš|hr}}  - Vera Kolar
* Žarko Potočnjak - Alojz
* Vera Zima - Kata
* Alen Liverić - Jozef Schmit
* Goran Grgić - Franz Kirchmeier
* Krešimir Mikić - Robert Neuman

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{IMDb title|id=0305499|title=Long Dark Night}}</text>
      <sha1>0rndskynjrnz5t3yv04s0adgkdne352</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Salaheddine Mokdad Saidi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151853</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838518</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:21:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>13085</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1276546651|Salaheddine Mokdad Saidi]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Salaheddine Mokdad Saidi''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1978), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Aljeriya.

== Bayanan kulob din ==
Ƙungiyar ta yanzu: Oek el kseur 1998/2005MB Béjaïa2005/20012 Omk elmilia 2012/2013 Mbbejaia 2013/2016{{Flagicon|ALG}}

== Duba kuma ==

* Ƙungiyar ƙwallon volleyball ta maza ta Algeria

Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Aljeriya 2006/2009

== Haɗin waje ==

* [http://www.fivb.org/EN/Volleyball/Competitions/WorldChampionships/2010/Men/Rounds/Players.asp?Tourn=MQ10AF-D&amp;Team=ALG&amp;No=120346 http://www.fivb.org/EN/Volleyball/Competitions/WorldChampionships/2010/Men/Rounds/Players.asp? Tourn=MQ10AF-D&amp;Team=ALG&amp;No=120346]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838519</id>
      <parentid>838518</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:22:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>13085</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838519</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="745" sha1="lmrsi8bkotjiirbidvxa4e61v46x75g" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Salaheddine Mokdad Saidi''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1978), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Aljeriya.

== Bayanan kulob din ==
Ƙungiyar ta yanzu: Oek el kseur 1998/2005MB Béjaïa2005/20012 Omk elmilia 2012/2013 Mbbejaia 2013/2016{{Flagicon|ALG}}

== Duba kuma ==

* Ƙungiyar ƙwallon volleyball ta maza ta Algeria

Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Aljeriya 2006/2009

== Haɗin waje ==

* [http://www.fivb.org/EN/Volleyball/Competitions/WorldChampionships/2010/Men/Rounds/Players.asp?Tourn=MQ10AF-D&amp;Team=ALG&amp;No=120346 http://www.fivb.org/EN/Volleyball/Competitions/WorldChampionships/2010/Men/Rounds/Players.asp? Tourn=MQ10AF-D&amp;Team=ALG&amp;No=120346]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]]</text>
      <sha1>lmrsi8bkotjiirbidvxa4e61v46x75g</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Zachariah Atinasio</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151854</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838524</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:29:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>13085</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1164352527|Zachariah Atinasio]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya Zachariah Atinasio''' ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Sudan ta Kudu wanda a halin yanzu ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida.

== Ayyukan kasa da kasa ==
Ya buga akalla manyan wasanni biyu a Sudan ta Kudu da [[Itofiya|Habasha]] da [[Kenya]] a gasar cin Kofin CECAFA na 2012 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2012 Cecafa Tusker Challenge Cup, Day One: Kenya hopes dented by loss to Uganda |url=http://www.kpl.co.ke/news/article/121125/2012_Cecafa_Tusker_Challenge_Cup_Day_One_Kenya_hopes_dented_by_loss_to_Uganda |access-date=29 November 2012 |publisher=kpl.co.ke}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2012 Cecafa Tusker Challenge Cup Day Four (4): Kenya win, Uganda land in quarters |url=http://kpl.co.ke/news/article/121128/2012_Cecafa_Tusker_Challenge_Cup_Day_Four_4_Kenya_win_Uganda_land_in_quarters |access-date=29 November 2012 |publisher=kpl.co.ke}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>dvprpd8rrbfpo7nccavc5mnfqhbun1o</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>838526</id>
      <parentid>838524</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:29:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>13085</id>
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      <text bytes="918" sha1="hjad1as8e7t77qpdrsfsu1cuhql70k3" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Zachariah Atinasio''' ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Sudan ta Kudu wanda a halin yanzu ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida.

== Ayyukan kasa da kasa ==
Ya buga akalla manyan wasanni biyu a Sudan ta Kudu da [[Itofiya|Habasha]] da [[Kenya]] a gasar cin Kofin CECAFA na 2012 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2012 Cecafa Tusker Challenge Cup, Day One: Kenya hopes dented by loss to Uganda |url=http://www.kpl.co.ke/news/article/121125/2012_Cecafa_Tusker_Challenge_Cup_Day_One_Kenya_hopes_dented_by_loss_to_Uganda |access-date=29 November 2012 |publisher=kpl.co.ke}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2012 Cecafa Tusker Challenge Cup Day Four (4): Kenya win, Uganda land in quarters |url=http://kpl.co.ke/news/article/121128/2012_Cecafa_Tusker_Challenge_Cup_Day_Four_4_Kenya_win_Uganda_land_in_quarters |access-date=29 November 2012 |publisher=kpl.co.ke}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>hjad1as8e7t77qpdrsfsu1cuhql70k3</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Alfonso Smith</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151855</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838537</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:46:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336712435|Alfonso Smith]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838537</origin>
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'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu Alfonso Smith''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1987) tsohon dan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance mai gudu a cikin Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kasa (NFL). Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Kentucky Wildcats kuma Arizona Cardinals ta sanya hannu a matsayin mai ba da kyauta a cikin shekara ta 2010. Ya kuma kasance memba na San Francisco 49ers .

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Smith a ranar 23 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1987 a San Bernardino, California . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Waggener a Louisville, Kentucky . &lt;ref name=&quot;PFR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Alfonso Smith Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/S/SmitAl22.htm |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Pro Football Reference]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Smith ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Kentucky Wildcats daga 2005 zuwa 2009, yana yin redshirt a shekarunsa na farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Alfonso Smith |url=https://ukathletics.com/sports/football/roster/player/alfonso-smith/ |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=University of Kentucky athletics}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya taka leda a matsayin ajiya daga 2006 zuwa 2008 har sai da ya sami matsayi a cikin sahun farawa a cikin shekara ta biyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cosby |first=Chip |date=August 8, 2009 |title=Alfonso Smith is UK's No. 1 back |url=https://www.kentucky.com/sports/college/kentucky-sports/uk-football/article44005311.html |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Lexington Herald-Leader]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ayyukansa na kwaleji sun kasance alama ce ta jerin ƙananan raunuka amma masu maimaitawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Urban |first=Darren |date=August 22, 2011 |title=Alfonso's Opportunity |url=https://www.azcardinals.com/news/alfonso-s-opportunity-5561621 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=azcardinals.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Raunin yatsa ya iyakance lokacin wasansa a lokacin babban lokacinsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cosby |first=Chip |date=October 24, 2009 |title=Alfonso Smith is looking for a thumbs-up review in second halfQ+A |url=https://www.kentucky.com/sports/college/kentucky-sports/uk-football/article44012106.html |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Lexington Herald-Leader]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Smith ya buga wasanni 49 a Kentucky, ya yi sauri sau 215 don yadudduka 974 da kuma touchdown takwas. Ya kara da karɓar 30 don yadudduka 322 da touchdowns biyu, dawowar 15 don yaduddura 155, da kuma 28 tackles, daya tilasta fumble, da kuma daya fumble dawowa a kan ƙungiyoyi na musamman.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arizona Cardinals: Alfonso Smith |url=http://www.azcardinals.com/team/roster/Alfonso-Smith/7695762a-361a-43b6-809d-5cac1a9d0d6f |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728153028/http://www.azcardinals.com/team/roster/Alfonso-Smith/7695762a-361a-43b6-809d-5cac1a9d0d6f |archive-date=July 28, 2011 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=azcardinals.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan sana'a ==

=== Arizona Cardinals ===
Bayan ya tafi ba a zaba shi ba a cikin shirin NFL na 2010, Smith ya sanya hannu tare da Arizona Cardinals a matsayin mai ba da kyauta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Smith Bided His Time |url=https://www.azcardinals.com/news/smith-bided-his-time-5961942 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=azcardinals.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Smith ya buga wasanni 43 a cikin yanayi hudu tare da Cardinals, ya yi sauri sau 48 don yadudduka 156 da kuma touchdowns biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NBC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Crabtree |first=Curtis |date=July 28, 2014 |title=49ers agree to terms with Alfonso Smith |url=https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/49ers-agree-to-terms-with-alfonso-smith |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[NBC Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;SI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 29, 2014 |title=49ers sign Alfonso Smith for depth at running back following injuries |url=https://www.si.com/nfl/2014/07/29/san-francisco-49ers-sign-alfonso-smith-running-back-injuries |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Sports Illustrated]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== San Francisco 49ers ===
A ranar 28 ga Yuli, 2014, San Francisco 49ers sun amince da sharuddan tare da Smith.&lt;ref name=&quot;NBC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Crabtree |first=Curtis |date=July 28, 2014 |title=49ers agree to terms with Alfonso Smith |url=https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/49ers-agree-to-terms-with-alfonso-smith |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[NBC Sports]]}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFCrabtree2014&quot;&gt;Crabtree, Curtis (July 28, 2014). [https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/49ers-agree-to-terms-with-alfonso-smith &quot;49ers agree to terms with Alfonso Smith&quot;]. ''[[NBC Sports]]''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;June 21,&lt;/span&gt; 2025&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;SI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 29, 2014 |title=49ers sign Alfonso Smith for depth at running back following injuries |url=https://www.si.com/nfl/2014/07/29/san-francisco-49ers-sign-alfonso-smith-running-back-injuries |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Sports Illustrated]]}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.si.com/nfl/2014/07/29/san-francisco-49ers-sign-alfonso-smith-running-back-injuries &quot;49ers sign Alfonso Smith for depth at running back following injuries&quot;]. ''[[Sports Illustrated]]''. July 29, 2014&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;June 21,&lt;/span&gt; 2025&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ya yi sauri sau bakwai don yadudduka 19 a wasanni shida a cikin kakar wasa daya tare da tawagar.&lt;ref name=&quot;PFR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Alfonso Smith Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/S/SmitAl22.htm |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Pro Football Reference]]}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/S/SmitAl22.htm &quot;Alfonso Smith Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College&quot;]. ''[[Pro Football Reference]]''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;June 21,&lt;/span&gt; 2025&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan horarwa ==
A ranar 21 ga Yuni, 2017, Smith ya shiga ma'aikatan Michigan Wolverines a matsayin mataimakin kocin masu gudu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Snyder |first=Mark |date=June 21, 2017 |title=Michigan adds ex-NFL running back Alfonso Smith as assistant RB coach |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/college/university-michigan/wolverines/2017/06/21/michigan-football-alfonso-smith/415230001/ |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Detroit Free Press]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2019, Smith ya koma makarantar sakandare ta Waggener, a matsayin mataimakin kocin kungiyar kwallon kafa ta makarantar. Ya yi aiki a karkashin kocin Tye Lawson, tsohon abokin aikinsa a Kentucky . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chernoff |first=Andrew |date=July 18, 2019 |title=Former NFL player returns 'home' to Waggener |url=https://www.wlky.com/article/former-nfl-player-returns-home-to-waggener/28440657 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[WLKY]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110728153028/http://www.azcardinals.com/team/roster/Alfonso-Smith/7695762a-361a-43b6-809d-5cac1a9d0d6f Tarihin Arizona Cardinals]
* Kentucky Wildcats bio An adana shi a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 2011, a 
* [https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/stats/_/id/13642/alfonso-smith ESPN.com rayuwa]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838539</id>
      <parentid>838537</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:47:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
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'''Alfonso Smith''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1987) tsohon dan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance mai gudu a cikin Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kasa (NFL). Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Kentucky Wildcats kuma Arizona Cardinals ta sanya hannu a matsayin mai ba da kyauta a cikin shekara ta 2010. Ya kuma kasance memba na San Francisco 49ers .

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Smith a ranar 23 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1987 a San Bernardino, California . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Waggener a Louisville, Kentucky . &lt;ref name=&quot;PFR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Alfonso Smith Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/S/SmitAl22.htm |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Pro Football Reference]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Smith ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Kentucky Wildcats daga 2005 zuwa 2009, yana yin redshirt a shekarunsa na farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Alfonso Smith |url=https://ukathletics.com/sports/football/roster/player/alfonso-smith/ |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=University of Kentucky athletics}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya taka leda a matsayin ajiya daga 2006 zuwa 2008 har sai da ya sami matsayi a cikin sahun farawa a cikin shekara ta biyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cosby |first=Chip |date=August 8, 2009 |title=Alfonso Smith is UK's No. 1 back |url=https://www.kentucky.com/sports/college/kentucky-sports/uk-football/article44005311.html |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Lexington Herald-Leader]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ayyukansa na kwaleji sun kasance alama ce ta jerin ƙananan raunuka amma masu maimaitawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Urban |first=Darren |date=August 22, 2011 |title=Alfonso's Opportunity |url=https://www.azcardinals.com/news/alfonso-s-opportunity-5561621 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=azcardinals.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Raunin yatsa ya iyakance lokacin wasansa a lokacin babban lokacinsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cosby |first=Chip |date=October 24, 2009 |title=Alfonso Smith is looking for a thumbs-up review in second halfQ+A |url=https://www.kentucky.com/sports/college/kentucky-sports/uk-football/article44012106.html |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Lexington Herald-Leader]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Smith ya buga wasanni 49 a Kentucky, ya yi sauri sau 215 don yadudduka 974 da kuma touchdown takwas. Ya kara da karɓar 30 don yadudduka 322 da touchdowns biyu, dawowar 15 don yaduddura 155, da kuma 28 tackles, daya tilasta fumble, da kuma daya fumble dawowa a kan ƙungiyoyi na musamman.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arizona Cardinals: Alfonso Smith |url=http://www.azcardinals.com/team/roster/Alfonso-Smith/7695762a-361a-43b6-809d-5cac1a9d0d6f |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728153028/http://www.azcardinals.com/team/roster/Alfonso-Smith/7695762a-361a-43b6-809d-5cac1a9d0d6f |archive-date=July 28, 2011 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=azcardinals.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan sana'a ==

=== Arizona Cardinals ===
Bayan ya tafi ba a zaba shi ba a cikin shirin NFL na 2010, Smith ya sanya hannu tare da Arizona Cardinals a matsayin mai ba da kyauta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Smith Bided His Time |url=https://www.azcardinals.com/news/smith-bided-his-time-5961942 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=azcardinals.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Smith ya buga wasanni 43 a cikin yanayi hudu tare da Cardinals, ya yi sauri sau 48 don yadudduka 156 da kuma touchdowns biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NBC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Crabtree |first=Curtis |date=July 28, 2014 |title=49ers agree to terms with Alfonso Smith |url=https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/49ers-agree-to-terms-with-alfonso-smith |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[NBC Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;SI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 29, 2014 |title=49ers sign Alfonso Smith for depth at running back following injuries |url=https://www.si.com/nfl/2014/07/29/san-francisco-49ers-sign-alfonso-smith-running-back-injuries |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Sports Illustrated]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== San Francisco 49ers ===
A ranar 28 ga Yuli, 2014, San Francisco 49ers sun amince da sharuddan tare da Smith.&lt;ref name=&quot;NBC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Crabtree |first=Curtis |date=July 28, 2014 |title=49ers agree to terms with Alfonso Smith |url=https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/49ers-agree-to-terms-with-alfonso-smith |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[NBC Sports]]}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFCrabtree2014&quot;&gt;Crabtree, Curtis (July 28, 2014). [https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/49ers-agree-to-terms-with-alfonso-smith &quot;49ers agree to terms with Alfonso Smith&quot;]. ''[[NBC Sports]]''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;June 21,&lt;/span&gt; 2025&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;SI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 29, 2014 |title=49ers sign Alfonso Smith for depth at running back following injuries |url=https://www.si.com/nfl/2014/07/29/san-francisco-49ers-sign-alfonso-smith-running-back-injuries |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Sports Illustrated]]}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.si.com/nfl/2014/07/29/san-francisco-49ers-sign-alfonso-smith-running-back-injuries &quot;49ers sign Alfonso Smith for depth at running back following injuries&quot;]. ''[[Sports Illustrated]]''. July 29, 2014&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;June 21,&lt;/span&gt; 2025&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ya yi sauri sau bakwai don yadudduka 19 a wasanni shida a cikin kakar wasa daya tare da tawagar.&lt;ref name=&quot;PFR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Alfonso Smith Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/S/SmitAl22.htm |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Pro Football Reference]]}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/S/SmitAl22.htm &quot;Alfonso Smith Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College&quot;]. ''[[Pro Football Reference]]''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;June 21,&lt;/span&gt; 2025&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan horarwa ==
A ranar 21 ga Yuni, 2017, Smith ya shiga ma'aikatan Michigan Wolverines a matsayin mataimakin kocin masu gudu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Snyder |first=Mark |date=June 21, 2017 |title=Michigan adds ex-NFL running back Alfonso Smith as assistant RB coach |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/college/university-michigan/wolverines/2017/06/21/michigan-football-alfonso-smith/415230001/ |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Detroit Free Press]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2019, Smith ya koma makarantar sakandare ta Waggener, a matsayin mataimakin kocin kungiyar kwallon kafa ta makarantar. Ya yi aiki a karkashin kocin Tye Lawson, tsohon abokin aikinsa a Kentucky . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chernoff |first=Andrew |date=July 18, 2019 |title=Former NFL player returns 'home' to Waggener |url=https://www.wlky.com/article/former-nfl-player-returns-home-to-waggener/28440657 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[WLKY]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110728153028/http://www.azcardinals.com/team/roster/Alfonso-Smith/7695762a-361a-43b6-809d-5cac1a9d0d6f Tarihin Arizona Cardinals]
* Kentucky Wildcats bio An adana shi a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 2011, a 
* [https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/stats/_/id/13642/alfonso-smith ESPN.com rayuwa]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838542</id>
      <parentid>838539</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:49:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* San Francisco 49ers */</comment>
      <origin>838542</origin>
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      <text bytes="6370" sha1="k1322rybucgg1v088u1955uhp4rd3ts" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Alfonso Smith''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1987) tsohon dan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance mai gudu a cikin Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kasa (NFL). Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Kentucky Wildcats kuma Arizona Cardinals ta sanya hannu a matsayin mai ba da kyauta a cikin shekara ta 2010. Ya kuma kasance memba na San Francisco 49ers .

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Smith a ranar 23 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1987 a San Bernardino, California . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Waggener a Louisville, Kentucky . &lt;ref name=&quot;PFR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Alfonso Smith Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/S/SmitAl22.htm |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Pro Football Reference]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Smith ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Kentucky Wildcats daga 2005 zuwa 2009, yana yin redshirt a shekarunsa na farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Alfonso Smith |url=https://ukathletics.com/sports/football/roster/player/alfonso-smith/ |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=University of Kentucky athletics}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya taka leda a matsayin ajiya daga 2006 zuwa 2008 har sai da ya sami matsayi a cikin sahun farawa a cikin shekara ta biyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cosby |first=Chip |date=August 8, 2009 |title=Alfonso Smith is UK's No. 1 back |url=https://www.kentucky.com/sports/college/kentucky-sports/uk-football/article44005311.html |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Lexington Herald-Leader]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ayyukansa na kwaleji sun kasance alama ce ta jerin ƙananan raunuka amma masu maimaitawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Urban |first=Darren |date=August 22, 2011 |title=Alfonso's Opportunity |url=https://www.azcardinals.com/news/alfonso-s-opportunity-5561621 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=azcardinals.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Raunin yatsa ya iyakance lokacin wasansa a lokacin babban lokacinsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cosby |first=Chip |date=October 24, 2009 |title=Alfonso Smith is looking for a thumbs-up review in second halfQ+A |url=https://www.kentucky.com/sports/college/kentucky-sports/uk-football/article44012106.html |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Lexington Herald-Leader]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Smith ya buga wasanni 49 a Kentucky, ya yi sauri sau 215 don yadudduka 974 da kuma touchdown takwas. Ya kara da karɓar 30 don yadudduka 322 da touchdowns biyu, dawowar 15 don yaduddura 155, da kuma 28 tackles, daya tilasta fumble, da kuma daya fumble dawowa a kan ƙungiyoyi na musamman.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arizona Cardinals: Alfonso Smith |url=http://www.azcardinals.com/team/roster/Alfonso-Smith/7695762a-361a-43b6-809d-5cac1a9d0d6f |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728153028/http://www.azcardinals.com/team/roster/Alfonso-Smith/7695762a-361a-43b6-809d-5cac1a9d0d6f |archive-date=July 28, 2011 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=azcardinals.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan sana'a ==

=== Arizona Cardinals ===
Bayan ya tafi ba a zaba shi ba a cikin shirin NFL na 2010, Smith ya sanya hannu tare da Arizona Cardinals a matsayin mai ba da kyauta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Smith Bided His Time |url=https://www.azcardinals.com/news/smith-bided-his-time-5961942 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=azcardinals.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Smith ya buga wasanni 43 a cikin yanayi hudu tare da Cardinals, ya yi sauri sau 48 don yadudduka 156 da kuma touchdowns biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NBC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Crabtree |first=Curtis |date=July 28, 2014 |title=49ers agree to terms with Alfonso Smith |url=https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/49ers-agree-to-terms-with-alfonso-smith |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[NBC Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;SI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 29, 2014 |title=49ers sign Alfonso Smith for depth at running back following injuries |url=https://www.si.com/nfl/2014/07/29/san-francisco-49ers-sign-alfonso-smith-running-back-injuries |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Sports Illustrated]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== San Francisco 49ers ===
A ranar 28 ga Yuli, 2014, San Francisco 49ers sun amince da sharuddan tare da Smith.&lt;ref name=&quot;NBC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Crabtree |first=Curtis |date=July 28, 2014 |title=49ers agree to terms with Alfonso Smith |url=https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/49ers-agree-to-terms-with-alfonso-smith |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[NBC Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;SI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 29, 2014 |title=49ers sign Alfonso Smith for depth at running back following injuries |url=https://www.si.com/nfl/2014/07/29/san-francisco-49ers-sign-alfonso-smith-running-back-injuries |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Sports Illustrated]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya yi sauri sau bakwai don yadudduka 19 a wasanni shida a cikin kakar wasa daya tare da tawagar.&lt;ref name=&quot;PFR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Alfonso Smith Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/S/SmitAl22.htm |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Pro Football Reference]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan horarwa ==
A ranar 21 ga Yuni, 2017, Smith ya shiga ma'aikatan Michigan Wolverines a matsayin mataimakin kocin masu gudu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Snyder |first=Mark |date=June 21, 2017 |title=Michigan adds ex-NFL running back Alfonso Smith as assistant RB coach |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/college/university-michigan/wolverines/2017/06/21/michigan-football-alfonso-smith/415230001/ |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[Detroit Free Press]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2019, Smith ya koma makarantar sakandare ta Waggener, a matsayin mataimakin kocin kungiyar kwallon kafa ta makarantar. Ya yi aiki a karkashin kocin Tye Lawson, tsohon abokin aikinsa a Kentucky . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chernoff |first=Andrew |date=July 18, 2019 |title=Former NFL player returns 'home' to Waggener |url=https://www.wlky.com/article/former-nfl-player-returns-home-to-waggener/28440657 |access-date=June 21, 2025 |website=[[WLKY]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110728153028/http://www.azcardinals.com/team/roster/Alfonso-Smith/7695762a-361a-43b6-809d-5cac1a9d0d6f Tarihin Arizona Cardinals]
* Kentucky Wildcats bio An adana shi a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 2011, a 
* [https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/stats/_/id/13642/alfonso-smith ESPN.com rayuwa]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]]</text>
      <sha1>k1322rybucgg1v088u1955uhp4rd3ts</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Charles A. Guy</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151856</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838548</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:57:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1153468608|Charles A. Guy]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838548</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa Charles A. Guy''' (ya mutu a shekara ta 1985) ya kasance mai mallakar dogon lokaci kuma editan Lubbock Avalanche-Journal .

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Charles Guy ya kafa Lubbock Daily Journal tare da abokin tarayya Dorrance Roderick, kuma a 1926 ya sayi jaridar mai hamayya The Lubbock Avalanche daga John James Dillard da Thad Tubbs don kafa Lubbocks Avalanche-Journal .  Ya yi aiki a matsayin edita da mai bugawa na Lubbock Avalanche-Journal daga 1931 zuwa 1972. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 June 1985 |title=Charles A. Guy, 83, editor and publisher... |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1985-06-17-0310020282-story.html |access-date=12 April 2020 |publisher=THE ORLANDO SENTINEL}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An bayyana shi a matsayin &quot;mai gaskiya&quot; a cikin hanyar da ɗan jarida Erwin Canham ya yi.

The Charles A. Guy Park in Lubbock, Texas is named after him.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2020}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2020)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>a2q0n011x2y31rtf6ztiip789zatvtp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838549</id>
      <parentid>838548</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:57:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838549</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1145" sha1="i6b4047spu8a6906158m0ol1nupg13o" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Charles A. Guy''' (ya mutu a shekara ta 1985) ya kasance mai mallakar dogon lokaci kuma editan Lubbock Avalanche-Journal .

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Charles Guy ya kafa Lubbock Daily Journal tare da abokin tarayya Dorrance Roderick, kuma a 1926 ya sayi jaridar mai hamayya The Lubbock Avalanche daga John James Dillard da Thad Tubbs don kafa Lubbocks Avalanche-Journal .  Ya yi aiki a matsayin edita da mai bugawa na Lubbock Avalanche-Journal daga 1931 zuwa 1972. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 June 1985 |title=Charles A. Guy, 83, editor and publisher... |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1985-06-17-0310020282-story.html |access-date=12 April 2020 |publisher=THE ORLANDO SENTINEL}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An bayyana shi a matsayin &quot;mai gaskiya&quot; a cikin hanyar da ɗan jarida Erwin Canham ya yi.

The Charles A. Guy Park in Lubbock, Texas is named after him.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2020}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2020)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>i6b4047spu8a6906158m0ol1nupg13o</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838551</id>
      <parentid>838549</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T18:59:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Tarihin rayuwa */</comment>
      <origin>838551</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1023" sha1="khb7bkdu5wpg2f72lcg6kp9fobfv64l" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Charles A. Guy''' (ya mutu a shekara ta 1985) ya kasance mai mallakar dogon lokaci kuma editan Lubbock Avalanche-Journal .

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Charles Guy ya kafa Lubbock Daily Journal tare da abokin tarayya Dorrance Roderick, kuma a 1926 ya sayi jaridar mai hamayya The Lubbock Avalanche daga John James Dillard da Thad Tubbs don kafa Lubbocks Avalanche-Journal .  Ya yi aiki a matsayin edita da mai bugawa na Lubbock Avalanche-Journal daga 1931 zuwa 1972. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 June 1985 |title=Charles A. Guy, 83, editor and publisher... |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1985-06-17-0310020282-story.html |access-date=12 April 2020 |publisher=THE ORLANDO SENTINEL}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An bayyana shi a matsayin &quot;mai gaskiya&quot; a cikin hanyar da ɗan jarida Erwin Canham ya yi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Erwin |first1=Canham |title=Commitment to Freedom |date=1958 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |page=422}}&lt;/ref&gt;


The Charles A. Guy Park in Lubbock, Texas is named after him.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>khb7bkdu5wpg2f72lcg6kp9fobfv64l</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838557</id>
      <parentid>838551</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T19:26:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Tarihin rayuwa */</comment>
      <origin>838557</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1329" sha1="d4xqw7hfcwhl4r98w4lq8lgpq5o9c28" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Charles A. Guy''' (ya mutu a shekara ta 1985) ya kasance mai mallakar dogon lokaci kuma editan Lubbock Avalanche-Journal .

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Charles Guy ya kafa Lubbock Daily Journal tare da abokin tarayya Dorrance Roderick, kuma a 1926 ya sayi jaridar mai hamayya The Lubbock Avalanche daga John James Dillard da Thad Tubbs don kafa Lubbocks Avalanche-Journal ..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite thesis|type=M.A.|first=Sally Ann|last=Logue Post|title=With or Without Offense: Bernard Hanks and the Abilene Reporter-News|chapter=5|pages=49–50|publisher=Texas Tech University|year=1984|url=http://repositories.tdl.org/ttu-ir/bitstream/handle/2346/13098/31295003626453.pdf?sequence=1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya yi aiki a matsayin edita da mai bugawa na Lubbock Avalanche-Journal daga 1931 zuwa 1972. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 June 1985 |title=Charles A. Guy, 83, editor and publisher... |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1985-06-17-0310020282-story.html |access-date=12 April 2020 |publisher=THE ORLANDO SENTINEL}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An bayyana shi a matsayin &quot;mai gaskiya&quot; a cikin hanyar da ɗan jarida Erwin Canham ya yi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Erwin |first1=Canham |title=Commitment to Freedom |date=1958 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |page=422}}&lt;/ref&gt;


The Charles A. Guy Park in Lubbock, Texas is named after him.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Ledaaaaa</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151857</id>
    <redirect title="Tattaunawar user:Kanarifuggel" />
    <revision>
      <id>838573</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T20:58:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mfield</username>
        <id>41477</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mfield moved page [[Tattaunawar user:Ledaaaaa]] to [[Tattaunawar user:Kanarifuggel]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Ledaaaaa|Ledaaaaa]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Kanarifuggel|Kanarifuggel]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="43" sha1="gygljqxw6sbug4kxq8lslwb7em0yqmq" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Tattaunawar user:Kanarifuggel]]</text>
      <sha1>gygljqxw6sbug4kxq8lslwb7em0yqmq</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Jtneill</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151858</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838577</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:23:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838577</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Jtneill! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Jtneill|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>iwh5ahuh7n5lbw6zl866mmu3g670grs</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Poydoo</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151859</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838578</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:23:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838578</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1183" sha1="jumply1ddqu4ryngxjkibu004mujyvf" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Poydoo! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Poydoo|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>jumply1ddqu4ryngxjkibu004mujyvf</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Boud</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151860</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838579</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:23:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838579</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1179" sha1="s8cfmgqu51bccaqc5nbqkxjcziy1srm" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Boud! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Boud|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>s8cfmgqu51bccaqc5nbqkxjcziy1srm</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Najeebyusuf</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151861</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838580</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:23:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838580</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1193" sha1="oi0i14tbehsh72oftrehdgfe10z015q" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Najeebyusuf! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Najeebyusuf|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Redmin</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151862</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838581</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:24:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838581</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1183" sha1="omcty5bbr0r3vftf13wwl1w7x0g7bbo" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Redmin! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Redmin|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>omcty5bbr0r3vftf13wwl1w7x0g7bbo</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Wikidoc124</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151863</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838582</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:24:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838582</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1191" sha1="nk1ob07hvk0b5b2yniqfa82tl06qrh6" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Wikidoc124! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Wikidoc124|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>nk1ob07hvk0b5b2yniqfa82tl06qrh6</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Brain Boy 53</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151864</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838583</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:24:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838583</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1195" sha1="gmdkcj3tdelegf5oxt5ukg4s69h2w1n" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Brain Boy 53! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Brain Boy 53|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>gmdkcj3tdelegf5oxt5ukg4s69h2w1n</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Goemon XIII</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151865</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838584</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:24:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838584</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1193" sha1="44gy3i90jg4a7jatu40kq5xboklvdl0" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Goemon XIII! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Goemon XIII|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>44gy3i90jg4a7jatu40kq5xboklvdl0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:光パジャマ</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151866</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838585</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:24:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838585</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1201" sha1="suyaote8vyyoorofcj3hn91amqwop37" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, 光パジャマ! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/光パジャマ|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>suyaote8vyyoorofcj3hn91amqwop37</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Twi inaccr</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151867</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838586</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:24:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838586</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1191" sha1="93wr580qzadoran8r3ja4jyzv4fcbcl" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Twi inaccr! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Twi inaccr|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>93wr580qzadoran8r3ja4jyzv4fcbcl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:MYacoubCriner-WMF</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151868</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838587</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:25:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838587</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1205" sha1="9z78ag1k9cuq5u2kc7w4oyd4xlpg04l" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, MYacoubCriner-WMF! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/MYacoubCriner-WMF|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>9z78ag1k9cuq5u2kc7w4oyd4xlpg04l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Meekly420</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151869</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838588</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:25:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838588</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1189" sha1="c935ark0opydvr7pf9w49m6088690tj" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Meekly420! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Meekly420|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>c935ark0opydvr7pf9w49m6088690tj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Oltnilhn</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151870</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838589</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:25:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838589</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1187" sha1="gavqrar1tr21w6rxyf14ctv7nz1zknc" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Oltnilhn! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Oltnilhn|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>gavqrar1tr21w6rxyf14ctv7nz1zknc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:GNKJ95</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151871</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838590</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:25:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838590</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1183" sha1="dujkiwrjy9xy52xho6l8p4yzeqfksqr" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, GNKJ95! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/GNKJ95|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>dujkiwrjy9xy52xho6l8p4yzeqfksqr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Ordinian Yeva</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151872</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838591</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:25:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838591</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1197" sha1="mccvlht3myd137dy0a49bkgyl3t2yen" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Ordinian Yeva! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Ordinian Yeva|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>mccvlht3myd137dy0a49bkgyl3t2yen</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:SaadatGeneology</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151873</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838592</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:25:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838592</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1201" sha1="sargmhek0xma1lg9uc0lx00v6t1dks5" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, SaadatGeneology! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/SaadatGeneology|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>sargmhek0xma1lg9uc0lx00v6t1dks5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Wayit</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151874</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838593</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:26:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838593</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1181" sha1="c2gmiruywjcgn9iddeu1wn8okpipqy4" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Wayit! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Wayit|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>c2gmiruywjcgn9iddeu1wn8okpipqy4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Skzfv</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151875</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838594</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:26:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838594</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1181" sha1="7vjmkhamsoch31uhocolm2897uu0fnn" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Skzfv! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Skzfv|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>7vjmkhamsoch31uhocolm2897uu0fnn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Ummu Ilham</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151876</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838595</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:26:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838595</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1191" sha1="6xz016wshhm1ybcg1ypp0o8nkzzwhdz" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Ummu Ilham! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Ummu Ilham|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>6xz016wshhm1ybcg1ypp0o8nkzzwhdz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Linné Åkerstrom</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>151877</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838596</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:26:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>838596</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1205" sha1="ni4tynmcrt96gdj7wwkhavnq30hgwf8" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Linné Åkerstrom! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Linné Åkerstrom|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>ni4tynmcrt96gdj7wwkhavnq30hgwf8</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:RePinout</title>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T21:26:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
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      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, RePinout! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/RePinout|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>mwsj8vwlcjkebhod98g1jdvkaedgi70</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Tanja Machalet</title>
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      <id>838633</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T04:56:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349532467|Tanja Machalet]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka Tanja Machalet''' (née '''Breuer''', an haife ta a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1974) &lt;ref name=&quot;personal_website_spd&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Tanja Machalet, geb. Breuer |url=https://www.tanja-machalet.de/internet/%C3%9Cber%20mich/Zur%20Person/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031115915/https://www.tanja-machalet.de/internet/%C3%9Cber%20mich/Zur%20Person/ |archive-date=31 October 2021 |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=tanja-machalet.de |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'yar siyasar Jamus ce ta Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SPD). Machalet ta zama memba na Bundestag a Zaben tarayya na Jamus na 2021 kuma ta wakilci mazabar Montabaur.&lt;ref name=&quot;bundestagwahl_montabaur_2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bundestagswahl 2021 - 204: Montabaur |url=https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahlen/2021/ergebnisse/bund-99/land-7/wahlkreis-204.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009084439/https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahlen/2021/ergebnisse/bund-99/land-7/wahlkreis-204.html |archive-date=9 October 2021 |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=Der Bundeswahlleiter |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan siyasa ==

=== Ayyuka a cikin siyasa ===
Machalet ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban tarayya na Jusos daga 1999 zuwa 2003, wanda ta kasance memba tun 1991.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Wayback Machine has not archived that URL. |url=https://arthyredir.com/?src=272+4+4xl+50kwbalance+de+jmbl+noprot&amp;dom=westerwaelderleben.de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614152111/https://arthyredir.com/?src=272+4+4xl+50kwbalance+de+jmbl+noprot&amp;dom=westerwaelderleben.de |archive-date=14 June 2021 |access-date=2023-04-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2009, ta kasance dan takarar SPD don mai kula da gundumar a gundumar Westerwald, amma ta sha kashi a hannun Achim Schwickert na CDU. A cikin 2011 da 2016, Machalet ya yi takarar majalisar dokokin jihar Rhineland-Palatinate a gundumar Montabaur kuma ya shiga majalisar dokokin jihar don SPD a jerin jihohi a lokuta biyu. A cikin majalisa daga 2016, ta kasance memba na Kwamitin Kasafin Kudi da Kudi, Kwamitin Harkokin Jama'a da Aiki, da Kwamitin Lafiya, Kulawa da Demography. Ta kuma kasance mai magana da yawun manufofin kasafin kudi na kungiyar 'yan majalisa ta SPD.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tanja Machalet |url=https://www.spdfraktion-rlp.de/fraktion/abgeordnete/tanja-machalet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923171349/https://www.spdfraktion-rlp.de/fraktion/abgeordnete/tanja-machalet |archive-date=September 23, 2020 |access-date=2023-04-18 |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Machalet memba ne na majalisa na karamar hukumar Wallmerod &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Verbandsgemeinderat |url=https://www.wallmerod.de/vg_wallmerod/Rathaus/B%C3%BCrgermeister%20&amp;%20Gremien/Verbandsgemeinderat/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930180149/https://www.wallmerod.de/vg_wallmerod/Rathaus/B%C3%BCrgermeister%20&amp;%20Gremien/Verbandsgemeinderat/ |archive-date=September 30, 2019 |access-date=2023-04-18 |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma majalisar gundumar gundumar Westerwald .

A watan Maris na 2020, Machalet ta ba da sanarwar cewa ba za ta sake tsayawa takara a zaben majalisar dokokin jihar Rhineland-Palatinate na 18 ba. Kwamitin zartarwa na SPD a cikin Westerwaldkreis ya zabi Machalet don ya gaji Gabi Weber a mazabar Bundestag ta Montabaur don zaben zuwa Bundestag na 20 na Jamus. A ranar 20 ga Maris, 2021, an zabe ta ne ta taron wakilai masu dacewa a matsayin dan takarar SPD kai tsaye a mazabar Bundestag ta Montabaur . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-03-23 |title=SPD wählt Dr. Tanja Machalet zur Bundestagskandidatin für den Wahlkreis 204 Montabaur |url=https://www.ww-kurier.de/artikel/100388-spd-waehlt-dr--tanja-machalet-zur-bundestagskandidatin |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=www.ww-kurier.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisar dokokin Jamus, 2021-yanzu ===
A cikin Zaben 2021, an zabi Machalet a Bundestag na Jamus a matsayin dan takara kai tsaye a mazabar Montabaur . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Aktuell |first=S. W. R. |title=Tanja Machalet gewinnt den Wahlkreis Montabaur |url=https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/koblenz/wahlergebnis-bundestagswahl-2021-wahlkreis-montabaur-100.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012211105/https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/koblenz/wahlergebnis-bundestagswahl-2021-wahlkreis-montabaur-100.html |archive-date=12 October 2022 |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=swr.online |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun daga [[Zaben tarayya na Jamus na 2025|Zaben 2025]], ta kasance shugabar Kwamitin Majalisar Dokoki kan Lafiya.

A cikin ƙungiyar 'yan majalisa, Machalet ta kasance a cikin Hagu na Majalisar, ƙungiyar hagu. 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
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'''Tanja Machalet''' (née '''Breuer''', an haife ta a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1974) &lt;ref name=&quot;personal_website_spd&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Tanja Machalet, geb. Breuer |url=https://www.tanja-machalet.de/internet/%C3%9Cber%20mich/Zur%20Person/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031115915/https://www.tanja-machalet.de/internet/%C3%9Cber%20mich/Zur%20Person/ |archive-date=31 October 2021 |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=tanja-machalet.de |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'yar siyasar Jamus ce ta Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SPD). Machalet ta zama memba na Bundestag a Zaben tarayya na Jamus na 2021 kuma ta wakilci mazabar Montabaur.&lt;ref name=&quot;bundestagwahl_montabaur_2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bundestagswahl 2021 - 204: Montabaur |url=https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahlen/2021/ergebnisse/bund-99/land-7/wahlkreis-204.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009084439/https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahlen/2021/ergebnisse/bund-99/land-7/wahlkreis-204.html |archive-date=9 October 2021 |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=Der Bundeswahlleiter |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan siyasa ==

=== Ayyuka a cikin siyasa ===
Machalet ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban tarayya na Jusos daga 1999 zuwa 2003, wanda ta kasance memba tun 1991.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Wayback Machine has not archived that URL. |url=https://arthyredir.com/?src=272+4+4xl+50kwbalance+de+jmbl+noprot&amp;dom=westerwaelderleben.de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614152111/https://arthyredir.com/?src=272+4+4xl+50kwbalance+de+jmbl+noprot&amp;dom=westerwaelderleben.de |archive-date=14 June 2021 |access-date=2023-04-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2009, ta kasance dan takarar SPD don mai kula da gundumar a gundumar Westerwald, amma ta sha kashi a hannun Achim Schwickert na CDU. A cikin 2011 da 2016, Machalet ya yi takarar majalisar dokokin jihar Rhineland-Palatinate a gundumar Montabaur kuma ya shiga majalisar dokokin jihar don SPD a jerin jihohi a lokuta biyu. A cikin majalisa daga 2016, ta kasance memba na Kwamitin Kasafin Kudi da Kudi, Kwamitin Harkokin Jama'a da Aiki, da Kwamitin Lafiya, Kulawa da Demography. Ta kuma kasance mai magana da yawun manufofin kasafin kudi na kungiyar 'yan majalisa ta SPD.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tanja Machalet |url=https://www.spdfraktion-rlp.de/fraktion/abgeordnete/tanja-machalet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923171349/https://www.spdfraktion-rlp.de/fraktion/abgeordnete/tanja-machalet |archive-date=September 23, 2020 |access-date=2023-04-18 |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Machalet memba ne na majalisa na karamar hukumar Wallmerod &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Verbandsgemeinderat |url=https://www.wallmerod.de/vg_wallmerod/Rathaus/B%C3%BCrgermeister%20&amp;%20Gremien/Verbandsgemeinderat/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930180149/https://www.wallmerod.de/vg_wallmerod/Rathaus/B%C3%BCrgermeister%20&amp;%20Gremien/Verbandsgemeinderat/ |archive-date=September 30, 2019 |access-date=2023-04-18 |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma majalisar gundumar gundumar Westerwald .

A watan Maris na 2020, Machalet ta ba da sanarwar cewa ba za ta sake tsayawa takara a zaben majalisar dokokin jihar Rhineland-Palatinate na 18 ba. Kwamitin zartarwa na SPD a cikin Westerwaldkreis ya zabi Machalet don ya gaji Gabi Weber a mazabar Bundestag ta Montabaur don zaben zuwa Bundestag na 20 na Jamus. A ranar 20 ga Maris, 2021, an zabe ta ne ta taron wakilai masu dacewa a matsayin dan takarar SPD kai tsaye a mazabar Bundestag ta Montabaur . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-03-23 |title=SPD wählt Dr. Tanja Machalet zur Bundestagskandidatin für den Wahlkreis 204 Montabaur |url=https://www.ww-kurier.de/artikel/100388-spd-waehlt-dr--tanja-machalet-zur-bundestagskandidatin |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=www.ww-kurier.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisar dokokin Jamus, 2021-yanzu ===
A cikin Zaben 2021, an zabi Machalet a Bundestag na Jamus a matsayin dan takara kai tsaye a mazabar Montabaur . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Aktuell |first=S. W. R. |title=Tanja Machalet gewinnt den Wahlkreis Montabaur |url=https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/koblenz/wahlergebnis-bundestagswahl-2021-wahlkreis-montabaur-100.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012211105/https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/koblenz/wahlergebnis-bundestagswahl-2021-wahlkreis-montabaur-100.html |archive-date=12 October 2022 |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=swr.online |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun daga [[Zaben tarayya na Jamus na 2025|Zaben 2025]], ta kasance shugabar Kwamitin Majalisar Dokoki kan Lafiya.

A cikin ƙungiyar 'yan majalisa, Machalet ta kasance a cikin Hagu na Majalisar, ƙungiyar hagu. 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>si3baw8dv4phg0on01r5zn6638ah6dl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838635</id>
      <parentid>838634</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T04:56:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838635</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4780" sha1="rshrz1wwtsibxrx98y7t065397e89hl" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Tanja Machalet''' (née '''Breuer''', an haife ta a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1974) &lt;ref name=&quot;personal_website_spd&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Tanja Machalet, geb. Breuer |url=https://www.tanja-machalet.de/internet/%C3%9Cber%20mich/Zur%20Person/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031115915/https://www.tanja-machalet.de/internet/%C3%9Cber%20mich/Zur%20Person/ |archive-date=31 October 2021 |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=tanja-machalet.de |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'yar siyasar Jamus ce ta Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SPD). Machalet ta zama memba na Bundestag a Zaben tarayya na Jamus na 2021 kuma ta wakilci mazabar Montabaur.&lt;ref name=&quot;bundestagwahl_montabaur_2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bundestagswahl 2021 - 204: Montabaur |url=https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahlen/2021/ergebnisse/bund-99/land-7/wahlkreis-204.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009084439/https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahlen/2021/ergebnisse/bund-99/land-7/wahlkreis-204.html |archive-date=9 October 2021 |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=Der Bundeswahlleiter |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan siyasa ==

=== Ayyuka a cikin siyasa ===
Machalet ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban tarayya na Jusos daga 1999 zuwa 2003, wanda ta kasance memba tun 1991.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Wayback Machine has not archived that URL. |url=https://arthyredir.com/?src=272+4+4xl+50kwbalance+de+jmbl+noprot&amp;dom=westerwaelderleben.de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614152111/https://arthyredir.com/?src=272+4+4xl+50kwbalance+de+jmbl+noprot&amp;dom=westerwaelderleben.de |archive-date=14 June 2021 |access-date=2023-04-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2009, ta kasance dan takarar SPD don mai kula da gundumar a gundumar Westerwald, amma ta sha kashi a hannun Achim Schwickert na CDU. A cikin 2011 da 2016, Machalet ya yi takarar majalisar dokokin jihar Rhineland-Palatinate a gundumar Montabaur kuma ya shiga majalisar dokokin jihar don SPD a jerin jihohi a lokuta biyu. A cikin majalisa daga 2016, ta kasance memba na Kwamitin Kasafin Kudi da Kudi, Kwamitin Harkokin Jama'a da Aiki, da Kwamitin Lafiya, Kulawa da Demography. Ta kuma kasance mai magana da yawun manufofin kasafin kudi na kungiyar 'yan majalisa ta SPD.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tanja Machalet |url=https://www.spdfraktion-rlp.de/fraktion/abgeordnete/tanja-machalet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923171349/https://www.spdfraktion-rlp.de/fraktion/abgeordnete/tanja-machalet |archive-date=September 23, 2020 |access-date=2023-04-18 |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Machalet memba ne na majalisa na karamar hukumar Wallmerod &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Verbandsgemeinderat |url=https://www.wallmerod.de/vg_wallmerod/Rathaus/B%C3%BCrgermeister%20&amp;%20Gremien/Verbandsgemeinderat/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930180149/https://www.wallmerod.de/vg_wallmerod/Rathaus/B%C3%BCrgermeister%20&amp;%20Gremien/Verbandsgemeinderat/ |archive-date=September 30, 2019 |access-date=2023-04-18 |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma majalisar gundumar gundumar Westerwald .

A watan Maris na 2020, Machalet ta ba da sanarwar cewa ba za ta sake tsayawa takara a zaben majalisar dokokin jihar Rhineland-Palatinate na 18 ba. Kwamitin zartarwa na SPD a cikin Westerwaldkreis ya zabi Machalet don ya gaji Gabi Weber a mazabar Bundestag ta Montabaur don zaben zuwa Bundestag na 20 na Jamus. A ranar 20 ga Maris, 2021, an zabe ta ne ta taron wakilai masu dacewa a matsayin dan takarar SPD kai tsaye a mazabar Bundestag ta Montabaur . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-03-23 |title=SPD wählt Dr. Tanja Machalet zur Bundestagskandidatin für den Wahlkreis 204 Montabaur |url=https://www.ww-kurier.de/artikel/100388-spd-waehlt-dr--tanja-machalet-zur-bundestagskandidatin |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=www.ww-kurier.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisar dokokin Jamus, 2021-yanzu ===
A cikin Zaben 2021, an zabi Machalet a Bundestag na Jamus a matsayin dan takara kai tsaye a mazabar Montabaur . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Aktuell |first=S. W. R. |title=Tanja Machalet gewinnt den Wahlkreis Montabaur |url=https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/koblenz/wahlergebnis-bundestagswahl-2021-wahlkreis-montabaur-100.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012211105/https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/koblenz/wahlergebnis-bundestagswahl-2021-wahlkreis-montabaur-100.html |archive-date=12 October 2022 |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=swr.online |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun daga [[Zaben tarayya na Jamus na 2025|Zaben 2025]], ta kasance shugabar Kwamitin Majalisar Dokoki kan Lafiya.

A cikin ƙungiyar 'yan majalisa, Machalet ta kasance a cikin Hagu na Majalisar, ƙungiyar hagu. 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>rshrz1wwtsibxrx98y7t065397e89hl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838636</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Dan majalisar dokokin Jamus, 2021-yanzu */</comment>
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      <text bytes="5043" sha1="1lj6tag8puoyxcgr8am9cm2uyaj5gac" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Tanja Machalet''' (née '''Breuer''', an haife ta a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1974) &lt;ref name=&quot;personal_website_spd&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Tanja Machalet, geb. Breuer |url=https://www.tanja-machalet.de/internet/%C3%9Cber%20mich/Zur%20Person/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031115915/https://www.tanja-machalet.de/internet/%C3%9Cber%20mich/Zur%20Person/ |archive-date=31 October 2021 |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=tanja-machalet.de |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'yar siyasar Jamus ce ta Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SPD). Machalet ta zama memba na Bundestag a Zaben tarayya na Jamus na 2021 kuma ta wakilci mazabar Montabaur.&lt;ref name=&quot;bundestagwahl_montabaur_2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bundestagswahl 2021 - 204: Montabaur |url=https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahlen/2021/ergebnisse/bund-99/land-7/wahlkreis-204.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009084439/https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahlen/2021/ergebnisse/bund-99/land-7/wahlkreis-204.html |archive-date=9 October 2021 |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=Der Bundeswahlleiter |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan siyasa ==

=== Ayyuka a cikin siyasa ===
Machalet ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban tarayya na Jusos daga 1999 zuwa 2003, wanda ta kasance memba tun 1991.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Wayback Machine has not archived that URL. |url=https://arthyredir.com/?src=272+4+4xl+50kwbalance+de+jmbl+noprot&amp;dom=westerwaelderleben.de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614152111/https://arthyredir.com/?src=272+4+4xl+50kwbalance+de+jmbl+noprot&amp;dom=westerwaelderleben.de |archive-date=14 June 2021 |access-date=2023-04-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2009, ta kasance dan takarar SPD don mai kula da gundumar a gundumar Westerwald, amma ta sha kashi a hannun Achim Schwickert na CDU. A cikin 2011 da 2016, Machalet ya yi takarar majalisar dokokin jihar Rhineland-Palatinate a gundumar Montabaur kuma ya shiga majalisar dokokin jihar don SPD a jerin jihohi a lokuta biyu. A cikin majalisa daga 2016, ta kasance memba na Kwamitin Kasafin Kudi da Kudi, Kwamitin Harkokin Jama'a da Aiki, da Kwamitin Lafiya, Kulawa da Demography. Ta kuma kasance mai magana da yawun manufofin kasafin kudi na kungiyar 'yan majalisa ta SPD.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tanja Machalet |url=https://www.spdfraktion-rlp.de/fraktion/abgeordnete/tanja-machalet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923171349/https://www.spdfraktion-rlp.de/fraktion/abgeordnete/tanja-machalet |archive-date=September 23, 2020 |access-date=2023-04-18 |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Machalet memba ne na majalisa na karamar hukumar Wallmerod &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Verbandsgemeinderat |url=https://www.wallmerod.de/vg_wallmerod/Rathaus/B%C3%BCrgermeister%20&amp;%20Gremien/Verbandsgemeinderat/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930180149/https://www.wallmerod.de/vg_wallmerod/Rathaus/B%C3%BCrgermeister%20&amp;%20Gremien/Verbandsgemeinderat/ |archive-date=September 30, 2019 |access-date=2023-04-18 |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma majalisar gundumar gundumar Westerwald .

A watan Maris na 2020, Machalet ta ba da sanarwar cewa ba za ta sake tsayawa takara a zaben majalisar dokokin jihar Rhineland-Palatinate na 18 ba. Kwamitin zartarwa na SPD a cikin Westerwaldkreis ya zabi Machalet don ya gaji Gabi Weber a mazabar Bundestag ta Montabaur don zaben zuwa Bundestag na 20 na Jamus. A ranar 20 ga Maris, 2021, an zabe ta ne ta taron wakilai masu dacewa a matsayin dan takarar SPD kai tsaye a mazabar Bundestag ta Montabaur . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-03-23 |title=SPD wählt Dr. Tanja Machalet zur Bundestagskandidatin für den Wahlkreis 204 Montabaur |url=https://www.ww-kurier.de/artikel/100388-spd-waehlt-dr--tanja-machalet-zur-bundestagskandidatin |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=www.ww-kurier.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisar dokokin Jamus, 2021-yanzu ===
A cikin Zaben 2021, an zabi Machalet a Bundestag na Jamus a matsayin dan takara kai tsaye a mazabar Montabaur . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Aktuell |first=S. W. R. |title=Tanja Machalet gewinnt den Wahlkreis Montabaur |url=https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/koblenz/wahlergebnis-bundestagswahl-2021-wahlkreis-montabaur-100.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012211105/https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/koblenz/wahlergebnis-bundestagswahl-2021-wahlkreis-montabaur-100.html |archive-date=12 October 2022 |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=swr.online |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun daga [[Zaben tarayya na Jamus na 2025|Zaben 2025]], ta kasance shugabar Kwamitin Majalisar Dokoki kan Lafiya.

A cikin ƙungiyar 'yan majalisa, Machalet ta kasance a cikin Hagu na Majalisar, ƙungiyar hagu.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.parlamentarische-linke.de/unsere-mitglieder/ Members] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150311122743/https://www.parlamentarische-linke.de/unsere-mitglieder/ |date=11 March 2015 }} [[Parlamentarische Linke|Parliamentary Left]].&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838638</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Dan majalisar dokokin Jamus, 2021-yanzu */</comment>
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'''Tanja Machalet''' (née '''Breuer''', an haife ta a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1974) &lt;ref name=&quot;personal_website_spd&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Tanja Machalet, geb. Breuer |url=https://www.tanja-machalet.de/internet/%C3%9Cber%20mich/Zur%20Person/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031115915/https://www.tanja-machalet.de/internet/%C3%9Cber%20mich/Zur%20Person/ |archive-date=31 October 2021 |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=tanja-machalet.de |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'yar siyasar Jamus ce ta Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SPD). Machalet ta zama memba na Bundestag a Zaben tarayya na Jamus na 2021 kuma ta wakilci mazabar Montabaur.&lt;ref name=&quot;bundestagwahl_montabaur_2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bundestagswahl 2021 - 204: Montabaur |url=https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahlen/2021/ergebnisse/bund-99/land-7/wahlkreis-204.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009084439/https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahlen/2021/ergebnisse/bund-99/land-7/wahlkreis-204.html |archive-date=9 October 2021 |access-date=31 October 2021 |website=Der Bundeswahlleiter |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan siyasa ==

=== Ayyuka a cikin siyasa ===
Machalet ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban tarayya na Jusos daga 1999 zuwa 2003, wanda ta kasance memba tun 1991.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Wayback Machine has not archived that URL. |url=https://arthyredir.com/?src=272+4+4xl+50kwbalance+de+jmbl+noprot&amp;dom=westerwaelderleben.de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614152111/https://arthyredir.com/?src=272+4+4xl+50kwbalance+de+jmbl+noprot&amp;dom=westerwaelderleben.de |archive-date=14 June 2021 |access-date=2023-04-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2009, ta kasance dan takarar SPD don mai kula da gundumar a gundumar Westerwald, amma ta sha kashi a hannun Achim Schwickert na CDU. A cikin 2011 da 2016, Machalet ya yi takarar majalisar dokokin jihar Rhineland-Palatinate a gundumar Montabaur kuma ya shiga majalisar dokokin jihar don SPD a jerin jihohi a lokuta biyu. A cikin majalisa daga 2016, ta kasance memba na Kwamitin Kasafin Kudi da Kudi, Kwamitin Harkokin Jama'a da Aiki, da Kwamitin Lafiya, Kulawa da Demography. Ta kuma kasance mai magana da yawun manufofin kasafin kudi na kungiyar 'yan majalisa ta SPD.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tanja Machalet |url=https://www.spdfraktion-rlp.de/fraktion/abgeordnete/tanja-machalet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923171349/https://www.spdfraktion-rlp.de/fraktion/abgeordnete/tanja-machalet |archive-date=September 23, 2020 |access-date=2023-04-18 |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Machalet memba ne na majalisa na karamar hukumar Wallmerod &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Verbandsgemeinderat |url=https://www.wallmerod.de/vg_wallmerod/Rathaus/B%C3%BCrgermeister%20&amp;%20Gremien/Verbandsgemeinderat/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930180149/https://www.wallmerod.de/vg_wallmerod/Rathaus/B%C3%BCrgermeister%20&amp;%20Gremien/Verbandsgemeinderat/ |archive-date=September 30, 2019 |access-date=2023-04-18 |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma majalisar gundumar gundumar Westerwald .

A watan Maris na 2020, Machalet ta ba da sanarwar cewa ba za ta sake tsayawa takara a zaben majalisar dokokin jihar Rhineland-Palatinate na 18 ba. Kwamitin zartarwa na SPD a cikin Westerwaldkreis ya zabi Machalet don ya gaji Gabi Weber a mazabar Bundestag ta Montabaur don zaben zuwa Bundestag na 20 na Jamus. A ranar 20 ga Maris, 2021, an zabe ta ne ta taron wakilai masu dacewa a matsayin dan takarar SPD kai tsaye a mazabar Bundestag ta Montabaur . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-03-23 |title=SPD wählt Dr. Tanja Machalet zur Bundestagskandidatin für den Wahlkreis 204 Montabaur |url=https://www.ww-kurier.de/artikel/100388-spd-waehlt-dr--tanja-machalet-zur-bundestagskandidatin |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=www.ww-kurier.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisar dokokin Jamus, 2021-yanzu ===
A cikin Zaben 2021, an zabi Machalet a Bundestag na Jamus a matsayin dan takara kai tsaye a mazabar Montabaur . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Aktuell |first=S. W. R. |title=Tanja Machalet gewinnt den Wahlkreis Montabaur |url=https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/koblenz/wahlergebnis-bundestagswahl-2021-wahlkreis-montabaur-100.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012211105/https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/koblenz/wahlergebnis-bundestagswahl-2021-wahlkreis-montabaur-100.html |archive-date=12 October 2022 |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=swr.online |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun daga [[Zaben tarayya na Jamus na 2025|Zaben 2025]], ta kasance shugabar Kwamitin Majalisar Dokoki kan Lafiya.&lt;ref&gt;Jens Jordan and Lea Hensen (20 May 2025), [https://vorwaerts.de/inland/bundestag-das-sind-die-neuen-sprecher-der-spd-fraktion Bundestag: Das sind die neuen Sprecher der SPD-Fraktion] ''[[Vorwärts]]''.&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin ƙungiyar 'yan majalisa, Machalet ta kasance a cikin Hagu na Majalisar, ƙungiyar hagu.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.parlamentarische-linke.de/unsere-mitglieder/ Members] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150311122743/https://www.parlamentarische-linke.de/unsere-mitglieder/ |date=11 March 2015 }} [[Parlamentarische Linke|Parliamentary Left]].&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mike GalloWay (dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa)</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355285895|Mike Galloway (footballer)]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu Michael Galloway''' (30 ga Mayu 1965 - Mayu 2026) ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] kuma kocin. Ya buga wa Berwick Rangers, Mansfield Town, Halifax Town, Heart of Midlothian, [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Celtic|Celtic]] da Leicester City. Galloway ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida amma yana da kwanciyar hankali yana wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar filin wasa]] kuma ana amfani dashi sau da yawa a wannan matsayi yayin da yake a Celtic. An haife shi a Ingila, Galloway ya wakilci [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Scotland|Scotland]] sau ɗaya a wasan kasa da kasa.

== Harkokin wasa ==
An haifi Galloway a Oswestry a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1965. Ya fara aikinsa tare da Berwick Rangers . Bayan ya yi aiki a Mansfield Town da Halifax Town, ya koma Heart of Midlothian (Hearts) a cikin kaka na 1987. Ayyukan Galloway na Hearts sune babban dalilin da ya sa kungiyar Edinburgh ta sami damar tura [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Celtic|Celtic]] har zuwa lokacin kakar 1987-88.

Kocin Celtic Billy McNeill ya sanya hannu kan Galloway a shekarar 1989. Ya fara gasar farko a nasarar 3-1 a tsohon kulob din Hearts a ranar 12 ga watan Agusta. Zai kasance alama ce ta yau da kullun a wannan shekarar ta farko tare da kulob din. Duk da matsalar nauyi da wasu wasan kwaikwayon da ba su dace ba wanda ya gan shi a ciki da waje na tawagar, ya sami lambar yabo ta [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Scotland|Scotland]] a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1991.

== Ayyukan horarwa ==
A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2011, an nada Galloway a matsayin kocin a East of Scotland League Club Coldstream FC don kakar 2011-12. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Coldstream Football Club - Latest News |url=http://www.coldstreamfc.co.uk/latest_news.php?type=news |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170115142546/http://www.coldstreamfc.co.uk/latest_news.php?type=news |archive-date=15 January 2017 |access-date=14 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 15 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2011, an nada shi manajan kungiyar Northern Alliance League Club [[Berwick United]] a kakar 2011-12.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Galloway named new manager of Berwick United - Local Sport - Berwick Advertiser |url=http://www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk/sport/local-sport/galloway_named_new_manager_of_berwick_united_1_1679587 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002014926/http://www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk/sport/local-sport/galloway_named_new_manager_of_berwick_united_1_1679587 |archive-date=2 October 2011 |website=www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 22 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2013, an nada shi manajan kungiyar Eyemouth United ta Gabashin Scotland League.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite web |title=Eyemouth appoint new first team manager. - Eyemouth United Football Club |url=http://www.eyemouthunitedfc.co.uk/news/eyemouth-appoint-new-first-tea-1049179.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928191544/http://www.eyemouthunitedfc.co.uk/news/eyemouth-appoint-new-first-tea-1049179.html |archive-date=28 September 2013 |access-date=25 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mutuwa ==
A ranar 20 ga Mayu 2026, an sanar da cewa Galloway ya mutu yana da shekaru 60.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 May 2026 |title=Mike Galloway |url=https://www.heartsfc.co.uk/blogs/news/mike-galloway |access-date=20 May 2026 |website=Heart of Midlothian FC}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na kasa da kasa na Scotland da aka haifa a waje da Scotland

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* Mike Gallowaya filin wasan kwallon kafa
* Mike Gallowaya Post War Ingilishi &amp; Scottish Football League A-Z Player's Transfer Database
* Tun daga shekara ta 1888... The Searchable Firayim Minista da Football League Player Database (da ake buƙata biyan kuɗi) 
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2026]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]]</text>
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      <id>838640</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
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'''Michael Galloway''' (30 ga Mayu 1965 - Mayu 2026) ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] kuma kocin. Ya buga wa Berwick Rangers, Mansfield Town, Halifax Town, Heart of Midlothian, [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Celtic|Celtic]] da Leicester City. Galloway ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida amma yana da kwanciyar hankali yana wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar filin wasa]] kuma ana amfani dashi sau da yawa a wannan matsayi yayin da yake a Celtic. An haife shi a Ingila, Galloway ya wakilci [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Scotland|Scotland]] sau ɗaya a wasan kasa da kasa.

== Harkokin wasa ==
An haifi Galloway a Oswestry a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1965. Ya fara aikinsa tare da Berwick Rangers . Bayan ya yi aiki a Mansfield Town da Halifax Town, ya koma Heart of Midlothian (Hearts) a cikin kaka na 1987. Ayyukan Galloway na Hearts sune babban dalilin da ya sa kungiyar Edinburgh ta sami damar tura [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Celtic|Celtic]] har zuwa lokacin kakar 1987-88.

Kocin Celtic Billy McNeill ya sanya hannu kan Galloway a shekarar 1989. Ya fara gasar farko a nasarar 3-1 a tsohon kulob din Hearts a ranar 12 ga watan Agusta. Zai kasance alama ce ta yau da kullun a wannan shekarar ta farko tare da kulob din. Duk da matsalar nauyi da wasu wasan kwaikwayon da ba su dace ba wanda ya gan shi a ciki da waje na tawagar, ya sami lambar yabo ta [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Scotland|Scotland]] a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1991.

== Ayyukan horarwa ==
A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2011, an nada Galloway a matsayin kocin a East of Scotland League Club Coldstream FC don kakar 2011-12. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Coldstream Football Club - Latest News |url=http://www.coldstreamfc.co.uk/latest_news.php?type=news |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170115142546/http://www.coldstreamfc.co.uk/latest_news.php?type=news |archive-date=15 January 2017 |access-date=14 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 15 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2011, an nada shi manajan kungiyar Northern Alliance League Club [[Berwick United]] a kakar 2011-12.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Galloway named new manager of Berwick United - Local Sport - Berwick Advertiser |url=http://www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk/sport/local-sport/galloway_named_new_manager_of_berwick_united_1_1679587 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002014926/http://www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk/sport/local-sport/galloway_named_new_manager_of_berwick_united_1_1679587 |archive-date=2 October 2011 |website=www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 22 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2013, an nada shi manajan kungiyar Eyemouth United ta Gabashin Scotland League.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite web |title=Eyemouth appoint new first team manager. - Eyemouth United Football Club |url=http://www.eyemouthunitedfc.co.uk/news/eyemouth-appoint-new-first-tea-1049179.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928191544/http://www.eyemouthunitedfc.co.uk/news/eyemouth-appoint-new-first-tea-1049179.html |archive-date=28 September 2013 |access-date=25 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mutuwa ==
A ranar 20 ga Mayu 2026, an sanar da cewa Galloway ya mutu yana da shekaru 60.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 May 2026 |title=Mike Galloway |url=https://www.heartsfc.co.uk/blogs/news/mike-galloway |access-date=20 May 2026 |website=Heart of Midlothian FC}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na kasa da kasa na Scotland da aka haifa a waje da Scotland

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* Mike Gallowaya filin wasan kwallon kafa
* Mike Gallowaya Post War Ingilishi &amp; Scottish Football League A-Z Player's Transfer Database
* Tun daga shekara ta 1888... The Searchable Firayim Minista da Football League Player Database (da ake buƙata biyan kuɗi) 
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2026]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]]</text>
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'''Michael Galloway'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Hugman|6993|accessdate=5 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; (30 ga Mayu 1965 - Mayu 2026) ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] kuma kocin. Ya buga wa Berwick Rangers, Mansfield Town, Halifax Town, Heart of Midlothian, [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Celtic|Celtic]] da Leicester City. Galloway ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida amma yana da kwanciyar hankali yana wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar filin wasa]] kuma ana amfani dashi sau da yawa a wannan matsayi yayin da yake a Celtic. An haife shi a Ingila, Galloway ya wakilci [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Scotland|Scotland]] sau ɗaya a wasan kasa da kasa.

== Harkokin wasa ==
An haifi Galloway a Oswestry a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1965. Ya fara aikinsa tare da Berwick Rangers . Bayan ya yi aiki a Mansfield Town da Halifax Town, ya koma Heart of Midlothian (Hearts) a cikin kaka na 1987. Ayyukan Galloway na Hearts sune babban dalilin da ya sa kungiyar Edinburgh ta sami damar tura [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Celtic|Celtic]] har zuwa lokacin kakar 1987-88.

Kocin Celtic Billy McNeill ya sanya hannu kan Galloway a shekarar 1989. Ya fara gasar farko a nasarar 3-1 a tsohon kulob din Hearts a ranar 12 ga watan Agusta. Zai kasance alama ce ta yau da kullun a wannan shekarar ta farko tare da kulob din. Duk da matsalar nauyi da wasu wasan kwaikwayon da ba su dace ba wanda ya gan shi a ciki da waje na tawagar, ya sami lambar yabo ta [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Scotland|Scotland]] a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1991.

== Ayyukan horarwa ==
A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2011, an nada Galloway a matsayin kocin a East of Scotland League Club Coldstream FC don kakar 2011-12. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Coldstream Football Club - Latest News |url=http://www.coldstreamfc.co.uk/latest_news.php?type=news |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170115142546/http://www.coldstreamfc.co.uk/latest_news.php?type=news |archive-date=15 January 2017 |access-date=14 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 15 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2011, an nada shi manajan kungiyar Northern Alliance League Club [[Berwick United]] a kakar 2011-12.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Galloway named new manager of Berwick United - Local Sport - Berwick Advertiser |url=http://www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk/sport/local-sport/galloway_named_new_manager_of_berwick_united_1_1679587 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002014926/http://www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk/sport/local-sport/galloway_named_new_manager_of_berwick_united_1_1679587 |archive-date=2 October 2011 |website=www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 22 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2013, an nada shi manajan kungiyar Eyemouth United ta Gabashin Scotland League.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite web |title=Eyemouth appoint new first team manager. - Eyemouth United Football Club |url=http://www.eyemouthunitedfc.co.uk/news/eyemouth-appoint-new-first-tea-1049179.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928191544/http://www.eyemouthunitedfc.co.uk/news/eyemouth-appoint-new-first-tea-1049179.html |archive-date=28 September 2013 |access-date=25 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mutuwa ==
A ranar 20 ga Mayu 2026, an sanar da cewa Galloway ya mutu yana da shekaru 60.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 May 2026 |title=Mike Galloway |url=https://www.heartsfc.co.uk/blogs/news/mike-galloway |access-date=20 May 2026 |website=Heart of Midlothian FC}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na kasa da kasa na Scotland da aka haifa a waje da Scotland

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* Mike Gallowaya filin wasan kwallon kafa
* Mike Gallowaya Post War Ingilishi &amp; Scottish Football League A-Z Player's Transfer Database
* Tun daga shekara ta 1888... The Searchable Firayim Minista da Football League Player Database (da ake buƙata biyan kuɗi) 
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2026]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838642</id>
      <parentid>838641</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T05:11:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="3867" sha1="e3ocgoyyecl2y3yaa7xq645s3owd3zm" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Michael Galloway'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Hugman|6993|accessdate=5 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; (30 ga Mayu 1965 - Mayu 2026) ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] kuma kocin. Ya buga wa Berwick Rangers, Mansfield Town, Halifax Town, Heart of Midlothian, [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Celtic|Celtic]] da Leicester City. Galloway ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida amma yana da kwanciyar hankali yana wasa a [[Mai buga tsakiya|tsakiyar filin wasa]] kuma ana amfani dashi sau da yawa a wannan matsayi yayin da yake a Celtic. An haife shi a Ingila, Galloway ya wakilci [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Scotland|Scotland]] sau ɗaya a wasan kasa da kasa.

== Harkokin wasa ==
An haifi Galloway a Oswestry a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1965. Ya fara aikinsa tare da Berwick Rangers . Bayan ya yi aiki a Mansfield Town da Halifax Town, ya koma Heart of Midlothian (Hearts) a cikin kaka na 1987. Ayyukan Galloway na Hearts sune babban dalilin da ya sa kungiyar Edinburgh ta sami damar tura [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Celtic|Celtic]] har zuwa lokacin kakar 1987-88.

Kocin Celtic Billy McNeill ya sanya hannu kan Galloway a shekarar 1989. Ya fara gasar farko a nasarar 3-1 a tsohon kulob din Hearts a ranar 12 ga watan Agusta. Zai kasance alama ce ta yau da kullun a wannan shekarar ta farko tare da kulob din. Duk da matsalar nauyi da wasu wasan kwaikwayon da ba su dace ba wanda ya gan shi a ciki da waje na tawagar, ya sami lambar yabo ta [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Scotland|Scotland]] a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1991.

== Ayyukan horarwa ==
A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2011, an nada Galloway a matsayin kocin a East of Scotland League Club Coldstream FC don kakar 2011-12. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Coldstream Football Club - Latest News |url=http://www.coldstreamfc.co.uk/latest_news.php?type=news |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170115142546/http://www.coldstreamfc.co.uk/latest_news.php?type=news |archive-date=15 January 2017 |access-date=14 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 15 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2011, an nada shi manajan kungiyar Northern Alliance League Club [[Berwick United]] a kakar 2011-12.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Galloway named new manager of Berwick United - Local Sport - Berwick Advertiser |url=http://www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk/sport/local-sport/galloway_named_new_manager_of_berwick_united_1_1679587 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002014926/http://www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk/sport/local-sport/galloway_named_new_manager_of_berwick_united_1_1679587 |archive-date=2 October 2011 |website=www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 22 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2013, an nada shi manajan kungiyar Eyemouth United ta Gabashin Scotland League.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite web |title=Eyemouth appoint new first team manager. - Eyemouth United Football Club |url=http://www.eyemouthunitedfc.co.uk/news/eyemouth-appoint-new-first-tea-1049179.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928191544/http://www.eyemouthunitedfc.co.uk/news/eyemouth-appoint-new-first-tea-1049179.html |archive-date=28 September 2013 |access-date=25 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mutuwa ==
A ranar 20 ga Mayu 2026, an sanar da cewa Galloway ya mutu yana da shekaru 60.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 May 2026 |title=Mike Galloway |url=https://www.heartsfc.co.uk/blogs/news/mike-galloway |access-date=20 May 2026 |website=Heart of Midlothian FC}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na kasa da kasa na Scotland da aka haifa a waje da Scotland

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* Mike Gallowaya filin wasan kwallon kafa
* Mike Gallowaya Post War Ingilishi &amp; Scottish Football League A-Z Player's Transfer Database
* Tun daga shekara ta 1888... The Searchable Firayim Minista da Football League Player Database (da ake buƙata biyan kuɗi) 
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2026]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Curiosity (rover mai yawo a Mars)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151881</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838646</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T05:24:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Amos Kanskii</username>
        <id>45063</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sabon shafi: '''''Curiosity''''' wata [[Rover|rover]] ce ta [[Mars]] da ke bincika kwarin Gale da Dutsen Sharp a Mars a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) na [[NASA]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/mars-science-laboratory-curiosity-rover-msl/&lt;/ref&gt; An ƙaddamar da shi a shekarar 2011 kuma ya sauka a shekarar da ta biyo baya, rover mai girman mota yana ci gaba da aiki fiye da shekaru goma bayan aikin sa na asali na shekaru biyu.  An tura ''Curiosity'' daga...</comment>
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      <text bytes="1019" sha1="1wtdxjtu39b7eiuzpxfe4lrrs2bgy5b" xml:space="preserve">'''''Curiosity''''' wata [[Rover|rover]] ce ta [[Mars]] da ke bincika kwarin Gale da Dutsen Sharp a Mars a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) na [[NASA]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/mars-science-laboratory-curiosity-rover-msl/&lt;/ref&gt; An ƙaddamar da shi a shekarar 2011 kuma ya sauka a shekarar da ta biyo baya, rover mai girman mota yana ci gaba da aiki fiye da shekaru goma bayan aikin sa na asali na shekaru biyu.

An tura ''Curiosity'' daga Cape Canaveral, [[Florida]], a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 2011, da karfe 15:02:00 UTC, kuma ta sauka a Aeolis Palus a cikin kwari Gale a duniyar Mars a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2012, da karfe 05:17:57 UTC.&lt;ref name=&quot;Abilleira2013&quot;&gt;https://trs.jpl.nasa.gov/handle/2014/44069?show=full&lt;/ref&gt; Wurin saukar Bradbury Landing ya kasance ƙasa da kilomita 2.4 (miles 1.5) daga tsakiyar wurin da rover ɗin ya sauka, bayan tafiya ta kilomita miliyan 560 (miliyan 350 miles).&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA-20120822&quot;/&gt;

==Manazarta==
{{reflist}}

{{Stub}}

[[Category:Mars]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838648</id>
      <parentid>838646</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T05:25:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Amos Kanskii</username>
        <id>45063</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838648</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1031" sha1="qeh7tahzjjuhvefsrj3y5tqeym0x12q" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''''Curiosity''''' wata [[Rover|rover]] ce ta [[Mars]] da ke bincika kwarin Gale da Dutsen Sharp a Mars a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) na [[NASA]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/mars-science-laboratory-curiosity-rover-msl/&lt;/ref&gt; An ƙaddamar da shi a shekarar 2011 kuma ya sauka a shekarar da ta biyo baya, rover mai girman mota yana ci gaba da aiki fiye da shekaru goma bayan aikin sa na asali na shekaru biyu.

An tura ''Curiosity'' daga Cape Canaveral, [[Florida]], a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 2011, da karfe 15:02:00 UTC, kuma ta sauka a Aeolis Palus a cikin kwari Gale a duniyar Mars a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2012, da karfe 05:17:57 UTC.&lt;ref name=&quot;Abilleira2013&quot;&gt;https://trs.jpl.nasa.gov/handle/2014/44069?show=full&lt;/ref&gt; Wurin saukar Bradbury Landing ya kasance ƙasa da kilomita 2.4 (miles 1.5) daga tsakiyar wurin da rover ɗin ya sauka, bayan tafiya ta kilomita miliyan 560 (miliyan 350 miles).&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA-20120822&quot;/&gt;

==Manazarta==
{{reflist}}

{{Stub}}

[[Category:Mars]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gale (kwari)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151882</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838649</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T05:32:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Amos Kanskii</username>
        <id>45063</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sabon shafi: {{Databox}} '''Gale''' [[kwari|kwarara]] ce, kuma watakila tsohuwar tafki busasshe, a {{coord|5.4|S|137.8|E|globe:Mars}} a arewacin yammacin bangaren kwadranglin Aeolis a duniyar [[Mars]].&lt;ref&gt;USGS Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature.  https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/nomenclature/Feature/2071.&lt;/ref&gt; Yana da diamita na kilomita 154 (mili 96) kuma ana kiyasta shekarunsa kusan biliyan 3.5–3.8. An sanya sunan kwari ne bayan Walter Frederick Gale, wani masanin taurari na sha'aw...</comment>
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      <text bytes="1067" sha1="8oh4l5auwhnwess7aqdd0c532uq64b2" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Gale''' [[kwari|kwarara]] ce, kuma watakila tsohuwar tafki busasshe, a {{coord|5.4|S|137.8|E|globe:Mars}} a arewacin yammacin bangaren kwadranglin Aeolis a duniyar [[Mars]].&lt;ref&gt;USGS Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature.  https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/nomenclature/Feature/2071.&lt;/ref&gt; Yana da diamita na kilomita 154 (mili 96) kuma ana kiyasta shekarunsa kusan biliyan 3.5–3.8. An sanya sunan kwari ne bayan Walter Frederick Gale, wani masanin taurari na sha'awa daga Sydney, Ostiraliya, wanda ya lura da Mars a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19.&lt;ref&gt;https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/gale-walter-frederick-6269&lt;/ref&gt; [[Aeolis Mons]], wanda aka fi sani da Dutsen Sharp, dutsen ne a tsakiyar Gale kuma yana tashi kimanin 5.5 km (18,000 ft) daga ƙasa.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20120728141903/http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/HotTopics/index.php?%2Farchives%2F447-Three-New-Names-Approved-for-Features-on-Mars.html&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/15000&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nasanews&quot; /&gt;

==Manazarta==
{{reflist}}

{{Stub}}

[[Category:Mars]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Rukuni:Mars</title>
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    <id>151883</id>
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      <id>838650</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T05:34:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Amos Kanskii</username>
        <id>45063</id>
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      <comment>Created blank page</comment>
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  <page>
    <title>Tsibirin Deverall</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151884</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838651</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T05:38:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Amos Kanskii</username>
        <id>45063</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sabon shafi: {{Databox}} '''Tsibirin Deverall''' ({{Coord|81|28|S|161|54|E}}) ƙaramar [[Tsibirin|tsibiri]] ce da kankara ta lullube a [[Antatika]], tana tashi sama da Ross Ice Shelf a arewa maso gabashin Beaumont Bay. An sanya mata suna ne ta Binciken Ilimin Kasa na New Zealand na Antarktika (1960–61) domin William H. Deverall, wani mai aikin rediyo a Scott Base a shekarar 1961. Ana ɗaukar ta a matsayin tsibirin da ke kudu mafi nisa a duniya.  {{Stub}}  [[Category:Antatika]]</comment>
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'''Tsibirin Deverall''' ({{Coord|81|28|S|161|54|E}}) ƙaramar [[Tsibirin|tsibiri]] ce da kankara ta lullube a [[Antatika]], tana tashi sama da Ross Ice Shelf a arewa maso gabashin Beaumont Bay. An sanya mata suna ne ta Binciken Ilimin Kasa na New Zealand na Antarktika (1960–61) domin William H. Deverall, wani mai aikin rediyo a Scott Base a shekarar 1961. Ana ɗaukar ta a matsayin tsibirin da ke kudu mafi nisa a duniya.

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      <contributor>
        <username>Amos Kanskii</username>
        <id>45063</id>
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      <text bytes="474" sha1="smu5lh6xmeolu28ygeko2ax3pk9m2nb" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Tsibirin Deverall''' ({{Coord|81|28|S|161|54|E}}) ƙaramar [[Tsibirin|tsibiri]] ce da kankara ta lullube a [[Antatika]], tana tashi sama da Ross Ice Shelf a arewa maso gabashin Beaumont Bay. An sanya mata suna ne ta Binciken Ilimin Kasa na [[New Zealand]] na Antarktika (1960–61) domin William H. Deverall, wani mai aikin rediyo a Scott Base a shekarar 1961. Ana ɗaukar ta a matsayin tsibirin da ke kudu mafi nisa a duniya.

{{Stub}}

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  <page>
    <title>Robert Limpert</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151885</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838658</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T06:13:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340532374|Robert Limpert]]&quot;</comment>
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[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_1.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_2.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa Robert Limpert''' (15 ga Yulin 1925 - 18 ga Afrilu 1945) ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar adawa da gwamnatin Nazi a yakin duniya na biyu . An kashe shi a kwanakin ƙarshe na yaƙin don yanke layin tarho a wani gidan kwamandan Wehrmacht da aka watsar a Ansbach a [[Jamus]].

== Rayuwa ==
Limpert was a native of Ansbach. There, he attended elementary school for four years then transferred to the Gymnasium Carolinum.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2023}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; Limpert developed a severe heart condition in early childhood.

A shekara ta 1943, an zargi Robert Limpert da abokinsa Wolfgang Hammer da lalata shingen wuta a lokacin tsaro na dare a makarantar sakandare da kuma rubuta taken da ke sukar mulkin Nazi. Wannan ya haifar da korar su. Bayan kammala karatunsa an rubuta shi zuwa aikin soja a watan Maris na shekara ta 1945. Ciwon zuciya bayan kwana takwas ya haifar da korarsa kuma ya koma Ansbach.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
A cikin kwanaki kafin 18 ga Afrilu 1945, Limpert da abokan aikinsa a cikin ƙungiyar adawar Nazi sun sanya takardu a kan Ansbach Rathaus (gidan majalisa) a cikin ƙoƙari na zuga mazauna yankin su lalata tsaron garin kuma su mika wuya ga Allies. Mataimakin magajin gari ya amince, amma Kanar Ernst Meyer ya mamaye shi.

A ranar 18 ga watan, tare da sojojin da suka hada kai da ke kusantar Ansbach, 'yan kungiyar Hitler Youth guda biyu sun lura da Limpert suna yanke layin tarho tsakanin hedkwatar kwamandan da aka watsar kwanan nan da sojojin da ke waje da birnin. Ba a haɗa layin ba. An kama Limpert amma ya tsere. An sake kama shi, Meyer ya yanke wa Limpert hukuncin kisa, kuma an rataye shi sa'o'i kafin Sojojin Amurka su kama birnin. Meyer ya sanya igiyar da kansa, kuma a yunkurin farko na rataye Limpert igiyar ta karye.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 &quot;German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie&quot;]. ''www.gdw-berlin.de''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;26 October&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan karshen yakin, an yanke wa Kanar Ernst Meyer hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku saboda kisan kai, wanda ya yi shekaru shida. A cewar 'yarsa, Ute Althaus, bai taɓa yin nadamar ayyukansa ba.

== Kyauta ==
Kwanaki uku bayan kisan da aka yi wa Limpert an binne shi inda tsohon malaminsa, Karl Bosl ya yaba masa. Wannan shine farkon kokarin Bosl na share abubuwan da suka gabata a matsayin Nazi.

== Hotuna ==
 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bayanan littattafai ==

*  
*: Kotun Gundumar Ansbach, 14 Disamba 1946: &quot;Erhängung eines Studenten, der in Flugblättern sowie gegenüber dem Bürgermeister von Ansbach zur kampflosen Übergabe der Stadt aufgefordert und Sabotage an einem Nachrichtenkabel verübt hatte, das zwischen dem Gefechtsstand des Kampfkommandanten und der kämpfenden Truppe verlief&quot;
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{Cite web |date=April 19, 2007 |title=Zivilcourage junger Leute gewürdigt |url=http://www.epv.de/node/3414 |website=Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern e.V.}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
      <sha1>aorgj07i78gqabi7hmw1knc3sgyhcl6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838659</id>
      <parentid>838658</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T06:16:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Rayuwa */</comment>
      <origin>838659</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3944" sha1="71zqkbclehyqhz7wr4fa7pv44ldbjnm" xml:space="preserve">
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_1.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_2.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa Robert Limpert''' (15 ga Yulin 1925 - 18 ga Afrilu 1945) ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar adawa da gwamnatin Nazi a yakin duniya na biyu . An kashe shi a kwanakin ƙarshe na yaƙin don yanke layin tarho a wani gidan kwamandan Wehrmacht da aka watsar a Ansbach a [[Jamus]].

== Rayuwa ==
Limpert was a native of Ansbach. There, he attended elementary school for four years then transferred to the Gymnasium Carolinum. Limpert developed a severe heart condition in early childhood.

A shekara ta 1943, an zargi Robert Limpert da abokinsa Wolfgang Hammer da lalata shingen wuta a lokacin tsaro na dare a makarantar sakandare da kuma rubuta taken da ke sukar mulkin Nazi. Wannan ya haifar da korar su. Bayan kammala karatunsa an rubuta shi zuwa aikin soja a watan Maris na shekara ta 1945. Ciwon zuciya bayan kwana takwas ya haifar da korarsa kuma ya koma Ansbach.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
A cikin kwanaki kafin 18 ga Afrilu 1945, Limpert da abokan aikinsa a cikin ƙungiyar adawar Nazi sun sanya takardu a kan Ansbach Rathaus (gidan majalisa) a cikin ƙoƙari na zuga mazauna yankin su lalata tsaron garin kuma su mika wuya ga Allies. Mataimakin magajin gari ya amince, amma Kanar Ernst Meyer ya mamaye shi.

A ranar 18 ga watan, tare da sojojin da suka hada kai da ke kusantar Ansbach, 'yan kungiyar Hitler Youth guda biyu sun lura da Limpert suna yanke layin tarho tsakanin hedkwatar kwamandan da aka watsar kwanan nan da sojojin da ke waje da birnin. Ba a haɗa layin ba. An kama Limpert amma ya tsere. An sake kama shi, Meyer ya yanke wa Limpert hukuncin kisa, kuma an rataye shi sa'o'i kafin Sojojin Amurka su kama birnin. Meyer ya sanya igiyar da kansa, kuma a yunkurin farko na rataye Limpert igiyar ta karye.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 &quot;German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie&quot;]. ''www.gdw-berlin.de''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;26 October&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan karshen yakin, an yanke wa Kanar Ernst Meyer hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku saboda kisan kai, wanda ya yi shekaru shida. A cewar 'yarsa, Ute Althaus, bai taɓa yin nadamar ayyukansa ba.

== Kyauta ==
Kwanaki uku bayan kisan da aka yi wa Limpert an binne shi inda tsohon malaminsa, Karl Bosl ya yaba masa. Wannan shine farkon kokarin Bosl na share abubuwan da suka gabata a matsayin Nazi.

== Hotuna ==
 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bayanan littattafai ==

*  
*: Kotun Gundumar Ansbach, 14 Disamba 1946: &quot;Erhängung eines Studenten, der in Flugblättern sowie gegenüber dem Bürgermeister von Ansbach zur kampflosen Übergabe der Stadt aufgefordert und Sabotage an einem Nachrichtenkabel verübt hatte, das zwischen dem Gefechtsstand des Kampfkommandanten und der kämpfenden Truppe verlief&quot;
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{Cite web |date=April 19, 2007 |title=Zivilcourage junger Leute gewürdigt |url=http://www.epv.de/node/3414 |website=Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern e.V.}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
      <sha1>71zqkbclehyqhz7wr4fa7pv44ldbjnm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838660</id>
      <parentid>838659</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T06:20:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ayyuka */</comment>
      <origin>838660</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3605" sha1="fgyibmbupsdbmdm8ehid0ypxpl1giaj" xml:space="preserve">
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_1.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_2.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa Robert Limpert''' (15 ga Yulin 1925 - 18 ga Afrilu 1945) ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar adawa da gwamnatin Nazi a yakin duniya na biyu . An kashe shi a kwanakin ƙarshe na yaƙin don yanke layin tarho a wani gidan kwamandan Wehrmacht da aka watsar a Ansbach a [[Jamus]].

== Rayuwa ==
Limpert was a native of Ansbach. There, he attended elementary school for four years then transferred to the Gymnasium Carolinum. Limpert developed a severe heart condition in early childhood.

A shekara ta 1943, an zargi Robert Limpert da abokinsa Wolfgang Hammer da lalata shingen wuta a lokacin tsaro na dare a makarantar sakandare da kuma rubuta taken da ke sukar mulkin Nazi. Wannan ya haifar da korar su. Bayan kammala karatunsa an rubuta shi zuwa aikin soja a watan Maris na shekara ta 1945. Ciwon zuciya bayan kwana takwas ya haifar da korarsa kuma ya koma Ansbach.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
A cikin kwanaki kafin 18 ga Afrilu 1945, Limpert da abokan aikinsa a cikin ƙungiyar adawar Nazi sun sanya takardu a kan Ansbach Rathaus (gidan majalisa) a cikin ƙoƙari na zuga mazauna yankin su lalata tsaron garin kuma su mika wuya ga Allies. Mataimakin magajin gari ya amince, amma Kanar Ernst Meyer ya mamaye shi.

A ranar 18 ga watan, tare da sojojin da suka hada kai da ke kusantar Ansbach, 'yan kungiyar Hitler Youth guda biyu sun lura da Limpert suna yanke layin tarho tsakanin hedkwatar kwamandan da aka watsar kwanan nan da sojojin da ke waje da birnin. Ba a haɗa layin ba. An kama Limpert amma ya tsere. An sake kama shi, Meyer ya yanke wa Limpert hukuncin kisa, kuma an rataye shi sa'o'i kafin Sojojin Amurka su kama birnin. Meyer ya sanya igiyar da kansa, kuma a yunkurin farko na rataye Limpert igiyar ta karye.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan karshen yakin, an yanke wa Kanar Ernst Meyer hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku saboda kisan kai, wanda ya yi shekaru shida. A cewar 'yarsa, Ute Althaus, bai taɓa yin nadamar ayyukansa ba.

== Kyauta ==
Kwanaki uku bayan kisan da aka yi wa Limpert an binne shi inda tsohon malaminsa, Karl Bosl ya yaba masa. Wannan shine farkon kokarin Bosl na share abubuwan da suka gabata a matsayin Nazi.

== Hotuna ==
 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bayanan littattafai ==

*  
*: Kotun Gundumar Ansbach, 14 Disamba 1946: &quot;Erhängung eines Studenten, der in Flugblättern sowie gegenüber dem Bürgermeister von Ansbach zur kampflosen Übergabe der Stadt aufgefordert und Sabotage an einem Nachrichtenkabel verübt hatte, das zwischen dem Gefechtsstand des Kampfkommandanten und der kämpfenden Truppe verlief&quot;
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{Cite web |date=April 19, 2007 |title=Zivilcourage junger Leute gewürdigt |url=http://www.epv.de/node/3414 |website=Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern e.V.}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
      <sha1>fgyibmbupsdbmdm8ehid0ypxpl1giaj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838662</id>
      <parentid>838660</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T06:21:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Hotuna */</comment>
      <origin>838662</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4155" sha1="spm3hin9tfw6ydypq99v0s8e5xt0st5" xml:space="preserve">
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_1.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_2.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa Robert Limpert''' (15 ga Yulin 1925 - 18 ga Afrilu 1945) ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar adawa da gwamnatin Nazi a yakin duniya na biyu . An kashe shi a kwanakin ƙarshe na yaƙin don yanke layin tarho a wani gidan kwamandan Wehrmacht da aka watsar a Ansbach a [[Jamus]].

== Rayuwa ==
Limpert was a native of Ansbach. There, he attended elementary school for four years then transferred to the Gymnasium Carolinum. Limpert developed a severe heart condition in early childhood.

A shekara ta 1943, an zargi Robert Limpert da abokinsa Wolfgang Hammer da lalata shingen wuta a lokacin tsaro na dare a makarantar sakandare da kuma rubuta taken da ke sukar mulkin Nazi. Wannan ya haifar da korar su. Bayan kammala karatunsa an rubuta shi zuwa aikin soja a watan Maris na shekara ta 1945. Ciwon zuciya bayan kwana takwas ya haifar da korarsa kuma ya koma Ansbach.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
A cikin kwanaki kafin 18 ga Afrilu 1945, Limpert da abokan aikinsa a cikin ƙungiyar adawar Nazi sun sanya takardu a kan Ansbach Rathaus (gidan majalisa) a cikin ƙoƙari na zuga mazauna yankin su lalata tsaron garin kuma su mika wuya ga Allies. Mataimakin magajin gari ya amince, amma Kanar Ernst Meyer ya mamaye shi.

A ranar 18 ga watan, tare da sojojin da suka hada kai da ke kusantar Ansbach, 'yan kungiyar Hitler Youth guda biyu sun lura da Limpert suna yanke layin tarho tsakanin hedkwatar kwamandan da aka watsar kwanan nan da sojojin da ke waje da birnin. Ba a haɗa layin ba. An kama Limpert amma ya tsere. An sake kama shi, Meyer ya yanke wa Limpert hukuncin kisa, kuma an rataye shi sa'o'i kafin Sojojin Amurka su kama birnin. Meyer ya sanya igiyar da kansa, kuma a yunkurin farko na rataye Limpert igiyar ta karye.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan karshen yakin, an yanke wa Kanar Ernst Meyer hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku saboda kisan kai, wanda ya yi shekaru shida. A cewar 'yarsa, Ute Althaus, bai taɓa yin nadamar ayyukansa ba.

== Kyauta ==
Kwanaki uku bayan kisan da aka yi wa Limpert an binne shi inda tsohon malaminsa, Karl Bosl ya yaba masa. Wannan shine farkon kokarin Bosl na share abubuwan da suka gabata a matsayin Nazi.

== Hotuna ==
{{gallery
|align=center
|File:RobertLimpertGeburtshausKronenstrasse6.png
|Birthplace at 6 Kronenstrasse
|File:GymnasiumCarolinumAnsbachEingang.png
|Main door of Gymnasium Carolinum
|File:AnsbachRathaustor.png
|Rathaus
|File:RobertLimpertPlakette3StLudwig.png
|Plaque at Church of St. Ludwig
|File:Ansbach Gedenktafel Robert Limpert 877.jpg
|Plaque commemorating Limpert on the Ansbach Rathaus
|File:RobertLimpertPlakette2Kronenstrasse6.png
|Official plaque at birthplace
|File:RobertLimpertPlakette1Kronenstrasse6.png
|Private memorial at birthplace
}}

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bayanan littattafai ==

*  
*: Kotun Gundumar Ansbach, 14 Disamba 1946: &quot;Erhängung eines Studenten, der in Flugblättern sowie gegenüber dem Bürgermeister von Ansbach zur kampflosen Übergabe der Stadt aufgefordert und Sabotage an einem Nachrichtenkabel verübt hatte, das zwischen dem Gefechtsstand des Kampfkommandanten und der kämpfenden Truppe verlief&quot;
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{Cite web |date=April 19, 2007 |title=Zivilcourage junger Leute gewürdigt |url=http://www.epv.de/node/3414 |website=Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern e.V.}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
      <sha1>spm3hin9tfw6ydypq99v0s8e5xt0st5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838663</id>
      <parentid>838662</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T06:21:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Hotuna */</comment>
      <origin>838663</origin>
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[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_1.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_2.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa Robert Limpert''' (15 ga Yulin 1925 - 18 ga Afrilu 1945) ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar adawa da gwamnatin Nazi a yakin duniya na biyu . An kashe shi a kwanakin ƙarshe na yaƙin don yanke layin tarho a wani gidan kwamandan Wehrmacht da aka watsar a Ansbach a [[Jamus]].

== Rayuwa ==
Limpert was a native of Ansbach. There, he attended elementary school for four years then transferred to the Gymnasium Carolinum. Limpert developed a severe heart condition in early childhood.

A shekara ta 1943, an zargi Robert Limpert da abokinsa Wolfgang Hammer da lalata shingen wuta a lokacin tsaro na dare a makarantar sakandare da kuma rubuta taken da ke sukar mulkin Nazi. Wannan ya haifar da korar su. Bayan kammala karatunsa an rubuta shi zuwa aikin soja a watan Maris na shekara ta 1945. Ciwon zuciya bayan kwana takwas ya haifar da korarsa kuma ya koma Ansbach.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
A cikin kwanaki kafin 18 ga Afrilu 1945, Limpert da abokan aikinsa a cikin ƙungiyar adawar Nazi sun sanya takardu a kan Ansbach Rathaus (gidan majalisa) a cikin ƙoƙari na zuga mazauna yankin su lalata tsaron garin kuma su mika wuya ga Allies. Mataimakin magajin gari ya amince, amma Kanar Ernst Meyer ya mamaye shi.

A ranar 18 ga watan, tare da sojojin da suka hada kai da ke kusantar Ansbach, 'yan kungiyar Hitler Youth guda biyu sun lura da Limpert suna yanke layin tarho tsakanin hedkwatar kwamandan da aka watsar kwanan nan da sojojin da ke waje da birnin. Ba a haɗa layin ba. An kama Limpert amma ya tsere. An sake kama shi, Meyer ya yanke wa Limpert hukuncin kisa, kuma an rataye shi sa'o'i kafin Sojojin Amurka su kama birnin. Meyer ya sanya igiyar da kansa, kuma a yunkurin farko na rataye Limpert igiyar ta karye.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan karshen yakin, an yanke wa Kanar Ernst Meyer hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku saboda kisan kai, wanda ya yi shekaru shida. A cewar 'yarsa, Ute Althaus, bai taɓa yin nadamar ayyukansa ba.

== Kyauta ==
Kwanaki uku bayan kisan da aka yi wa Limpert an binne shi inda tsohon malaminsa, Karl Bosl ya yaba masa. Wannan shine farkon kokarin Bosl na share abubuwan da suka gabata a matsayin Nazi.

== Hotuna ==
gallery
|align=center
|File:RobertLimpertGeburtshausKronenstrasse6.png
|Birthplace at 6 Kronenstrasse
|File:GymnasiumCarolinumAnsbachEingang.png
|Main door of Gymnasium Carolinum
|File:AnsbachRathaustor.png
|Rathaus
|File:RobertLimpertPlakette3StLudwig.png
|Plaque at Church of St. Ludwig
|File:Ansbach Gedenktafel Robert Limpert 877.jpg
|Plaque commemorating Limpert on the Ansbach Rathaus
|File:RobertLimpertPlakette2Kronenstrasse6.png
|Official plaque at birthplace
|File:RobertLimpertPlakette1Kronenstrasse6.png
|Private memorial at birthplace

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bayanan littattafai ==

*  
*: Kotun Gundumar Ansbach, 14 Disamba 1946: &quot;Erhängung eines Studenten, der in Flugblättern sowie gegenüber dem Bürgermeister von Ansbach zur kampflosen Übergabe der Stadt aufgefordert und Sabotage an einem Nachrichtenkabel verübt hatte, das zwischen dem Gefechtsstand des Kampfkommandanten und der kämpfenden Truppe verlief&quot;
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{Cite web |date=April 19, 2007 |title=Zivilcourage junger Leute gewürdigt |url=http://www.epv.de/node/3414 |website=Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern e.V.}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
      <sha1>3uibcxvk1ng5lxzcmmb4a3ne2uhepz6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838664</id>
      <parentid>838663</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T06:22:16Z</timestamp>
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[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_1.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_2.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa Robert Limpert''' (15 ga Yulin 1925 - 18 ga Afrilu 1945) ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar adawa da gwamnatin Nazi a yakin duniya na biyu . An kashe shi a kwanakin ƙarshe na yaƙin don yanke layin tarho a wani gidan kwamandan Wehrmacht da aka watsar a Ansbach a [[Jamus]].

== Rayuwa ==
Limpert was a native of Ansbach. There, he attended elementary school for four years then transferred to the Gymnasium Carolinum. Limpert developed a severe heart condition in early childhood.

A shekara ta 1943, an zargi Robert Limpert da abokinsa Wolfgang Hammer da lalata shingen wuta a lokacin tsaro na dare a makarantar sakandare da kuma rubuta taken da ke sukar mulkin Nazi. Wannan ya haifar da korar su. Bayan kammala karatunsa an rubuta shi zuwa aikin soja a watan Maris na shekara ta 1945. Ciwon zuciya bayan kwana takwas ya haifar da korarsa kuma ya koma Ansbach.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
A cikin kwanaki kafin 18 ga Afrilu 1945, Limpert da abokan aikinsa a cikin ƙungiyar adawar Nazi sun sanya takardu a kan Ansbach Rathaus (gidan majalisa) a cikin ƙoƙari na zuga mazauna yankin su lalata tsaron garin kuma su mika wuya ga Allies. Mataimakin magajin gari ya amince, amma Kanar Ernst Meyer ya mamaye shi.

A ranar 18 ga watan, tare da sojojin da suka hada kai da ke kusantar Ansbach, 'yan kungiyar Hitler Youth guda biyu sun lura da Limpert suna yanke layin tarho tsakanin hedkwatar kwamandan da aka watsar kwanan nan da sojojin da ke waje da birnin. Ba a haɗa layin ba. An kama Limpert amma ya tsere. An sake kama shi, Meyer ya yanke wa Limpert hukuncin kisa, kuma an rataye shi sa'o'i kafin Sojojin Amurka su kama birnin. Meyer ya sanya igiyar da kansa, kuma a yunkurin farko na rataye Limpert igiyar ta karye.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan karshen yakin, an yanke wa Kanar Ernst Meyer hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku saboda kisan kai, wanda ya yi shekaru shida. A cewar 'yarsa, Ute Althaus, bai taɓa yin nadamar ayyukansa ba.

== Kyauta ==
Kwanaki uku bayan kisan da aka yi wa Limpert an binne shi inda tsohon malaminsa, Karl Bosl ya yaba masa. Wannan shine farkon kokarin Bosl na share abubuwan da suka gabata a matsayin Nazi.

== Hotuna ==
gallery

|File:RobertLimpertGeburtshausKronenstrasse6.png
|Birthplace at 6 Kronenstrasse
|File:GymnasiumCarolinumAnsbachEingang.png
|Main door of Gymnasium Carolinum
|File:AnsbachRathaustor.png
|Rathaus
|File:RobertLimpertPlakette3StLudwig.png
|Plaque at Church of St. Ludwig
|File:Ansbach Gedenktafel Robert Limpert 877.jpg
|Plaque commemorating Limpert on the Ansbach Rathaus
|File:RobertLimpertPlakette2Kronenstrasse6.png
|Official plaque at birthplace
|File:RobertLimpertPlakette1Kronenstrasse6.png
|Private memorial at birthplace

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bayanan littattafai ==

*  
*: Kotun Gundumar Ansbach, 14 Disamba 1946: &quot;Erhängung eines Studenten, der in Flugblättern sowie gegenüber dem Bürgermeister von Ansbach zur kampflosen Übergabe der Stadt aufgefordert und Sabotage an einem Nachrichtenkabel verübt hatte, das zwischen dem Gefechtsstand des Kampfkommandanten und der kämpfenden Truppe verlief&quot;
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{Cite web |date=April 19, 2007 |title=Zivilcourage junger Leute gewürdigt |url=http://www.epv.de/node/3414 |website=Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern e.V.}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
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        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
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[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_1.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_2.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa Robert Limpert''' (15 ga Yulin 1925 - 18 ga Afrilu 1945) ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar adawa da gwamnatin Nazi a yakin duniya na biyu . An kashe shi a kwanakin ƙarshe na yaƙin don yanke layin tarho a wani gidan kwamandan Wehrmacht da aka watsar a Ansbach a [[Jamus]].

== Rayuwa ==
Limpert was a native of Ansbach. There, he attended elementary school for four years then transferred to the Gymnasium Carolinum. Limpert developed a severe heart condition in early childhood.

A shekara ta 1943, an zargi Robert Limpert da abokinsa Wolfgang Hammer da lalata shingen wuta a lokacin tsaro na dare a makarantar sakandare da kuma rubuta taken da ke sukar mulkin Nazi. Wannan ya haifar da korar su. Bayan kammala karatunsa an rubuta shi zuwa aikin soja a watan Maris na shekara ta 1945. Ciwon zuciya bayan kwana takwas ya haifar da korarsa kuma ya koma Ansbach.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
A cikin kwanaki kafin 18 ga Afrilu 1945, Limpert da abokan aikinsa a cikin ƙungiyar adawar Nazi sun sanya takardu a kan Ansbach Rathaus (gidan majalisa) a cikin ƙoƙari na zuga mazauna yankin su lalata tsaron garin kuma su mika wuya ga Allies. Mataimakin magajin gari ya amince, amma Kanar Ernst Meyer ya mamaye shi.

A ranar 18 ga watan, tare da sojojin da suka hada kai da ke kusantar Ansbach, 'yan kungiyar Hitler Youth guda biyu sun lura da Limpert suna yanke layin tarho tsakanin hedkwatar kwamandan da aka watsar kwanan nan da sojojin da ke waje da birnin. Ba a haɗa layin ba. An kama Limpert amma ya tsere. An sake kama shi, Meyer ya yanke wa Limpert hukuncin kisa, kuma an rataye shi sa'o'i kafin Sojojin Amurka su kama birnin. Meyer ya sanya igiyar da kansa, kuma a yunkurin farko na rataye Limpert igiyar ta karye.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan karshen yakin, an yanke wa Kanar Ernst Meyer hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku saboda kisan kai, wanda ya yi shekaru shida. A cewar 'yarsa, Ute Althaus, bai taɓa yin nadamar ayyukansa ba.

== Kyauta ==
Kwanaki uku bayan kisan da aka yi wa Limpert an binne shi inda tsohon malaminsa, Karl Bosl ya yaba masa. Wannan shine farkon kokarin Bosl na share abubuwan da suka gabata a matsayin Nazi.

== Hotuna ==
gallery

File:RobertLimpertGeburtshausKronenstrasse6.png
Birthplace at 6 Kronenstrasse
File:GymnasiumCarolinumAnsbachEingang.png
Main door of Gymnasium Carolinum
File:AnsbachRathaustor.png
Rathaus
File:RobertLimpertPlakette3StLudwig.png
Plaque at Church of St. Ludwig
File:Ansbach Gedenktafel Robert Limpert 877.jpg
Plaque commemorating Limpert on the Ansbach Rathaus
File:RobertLimpertPlakette2Kronenstrasse6.png
Official plaque at birthplace
File:RobertLimpertPlakette1Kronenstrasse6.png
Private memorial at birthplace

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bayanan littattafai ==

*  
*: Kotun Gundumar Ansbach, 14 Disamba 1946: &quot;Erhängung eines Studenten, der in Flugblättern sowie gegenüber dem Bürgermeister von Ansbach zur kampflosen Übergabe der Stadt aufgefordert und Sabotage an einem Nachrichtenkabel verübt hatte, das zwischen dem Gefechtsstand des Kampfkommandanten und der kämpfenden Truppe verlief&quot;
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{Cite web |date=April 19, 2007 |title=Zivilcourage junger Leute gewürdigt |url=http://www.epv.de/node/3414 |website=Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern e.V.}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838667</id>
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        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
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[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_1.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_2.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa Robert Limpert''' (15 ga Yulin 1925 - 18 ga Afrilu 1945) ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar adawa da gwamnatin Nazi a yakin duniya na biyu . An kashe shi a kwanakin ƙarshe na yaƙin don yanke layin tarho a wani gidan kwamandan Wehrmacht da aka watsar a Ansbach a [[Jamus]].

== Rayuwa ==
Limpert was a native of Ansbach. There, he attended elementary school for four years then transferred to the Gymnasium Carolinum. Limpert developed a severe heart condition in early childhood.

A shekara ta 1943, an zargi Robert Limpert da abokinsa Wolfgang Hammer da lalata shingen wuta a lokacin tsaro na dare a makarantar sakandare da kuma rubuta taken da ke sukar mulkin Nazi. Wannan ya haifar da korar su. Bayan kammala karatunsa an rubuta shi zuwa aikin soja a watan Maris na shekara ta 1945. Ciwon zuciya bayan kwana takwas ya haifar da korarsa kuma ya koma Ansbach.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
A cikin kwanaki kafin 18 ga Afrilu 1945, Limpert da abokan aikinsa a cikin ƙungiyar adawar Nazi sun sanya takardu a kan Ansbach Rathaus (gidan majalisa) a cikin ƙoƙari na zuga mazauna yankin su lalata tsaron garin kuma su mika wuya ga Allies. Mataimakin magajin gari ya amince, amma Kanar Ernst Meyer ya mamaye shi.

A ranar 18 ga watan, tare da sojojin da suka hada kai da ke kusantar Ansbach, 'yan kungiyar Hitler Youth guda biyu sun lura da Limpert suna yanke layin tarho tsakanin hedkwatar kwamandan da aka watsar kwanan nan da sojojin da ke waje da birnin. Ba a haɗa layin ba. An kama Limpert amma ya tsere. An sake kama shi, Meyer ya yanke wa Limpert hukuncin kisa, kuma an rataye shi sa'o'i kafin Sojojin Amurka su kama birnin. Meyer ya sanya igiyar da kansa, kuma a yunkurin farko na rataye Limpert igiyar ta karye.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan karshen yakin, an yanke wa Kanar Ernst Meyer hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku saboda kisan kai, wanda ya yi shekaru shida. A cewar 'yarsa, Ute Althaus, bai taɓa yin nadamar ayyukansa ba.

== Kyauta ==
Kwanaki uku bayan kisan da aka yi wa Limpert an binne shi inda tsohon malaminsa, Karl Bosl ya yaba masa. Wannan shine farkon kokarin Bosl na share abubuwan da suka gabata a matsayin Nazi.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bayanan littattafai ==

*  
*: Kotun Gundumar Ansbach, 14 Disamba 1946: &quot;Erhängung eines Studenten, der in Flugblättern sowie gegenüber dem Bürgermeister von Ansbach zur kampflosen Übergabe der Stadt aufgefordert und Sabotage an einem Nachrichtenkabel verübt hatte, das zwischen dem Gefechtsstand des Kampfkommandanten und der kämpfenden Truppe verlief&quot;
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  
*  

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{Cite web |date=April 19, 2007 |title=Zivilcourage junger Leute gewürdigt |url=http://www.epv.de/node/3414 |website=Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern e.V.}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838668</id>
      <parentid>838667</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T06:29:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
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[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_1.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_2.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
'''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa Robert Limpert''' (15 ga Yulin 1925 - 18 ga Afrilu 1945) ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar adawa da gwamnatin Nazi a yakin duniya na biyu . An kashe shi a kwanakin ƙarshe na yaƙin don yanke layin tarho a wani gidan kwamandan Wehrmacht da aka watsar a Ansbach a [[Jamus]].

== Rayuwa ==
Limpert was a native of Ansbach. There, he attended elementary school for four years then transferred to the Gymnasium Carolinum. Limpert developed a severe heart condition in early childhood.

A shekara ta 1943, an zargi Robert Limpert da abokinsa Wolfgang Hammer da lalata shingen wuta a lokacin tsaro na dare a makarantar sakandare da kuma rubuta taken da ke sukar mulkin Nazi. Wannan ya haifar da korar su. Bayan kammala karatunsa an rubuta shi zuwa aikin soja a watan Maris na shekara ta 1945. Ciwon zuciya bayan kwana takwas ya haifar da korarsa kuma ya koma Ansbach.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
A cikin kwanaki kafin 18 ga Afrilu 1945, Limpert da abokan aikinsa a cikin ƙungiyar adawar Nazi sun sanya takardu a kan Ansbach Rathaus (gidan majalisa) a cikin ƙoƙari na zuga mazauna yankin su lalata tsaron garin kuma su mika wuya ga Allies. Mataimakin magajin gari ya amince, amma Kanar Ernst Meyer ya mamaye shi.

A ranar 18 ga watan, tare da sojojin da suka hada kai da ke kusantar Ansbach, 'yan kungiyar Hitler Youth guda biyu sun lura da Limpert suna yanke layin tarho tsakanin hedkwatar kwamandan da aka watsar kwanan nan da sojojin da ke waje da birnin. Ba a haɗa layin ba. An kama Limpert amma ya tsere. An sake kama shi, Meyer ya yanke wa Limpert hukuncin kisa, kuma an rataye shi sa'o'i kafin Sojojin Amurka su kama birnin. Meyer ya sanya igiyar da kansa, kuma a yunkurin farko na rataye Limpert igiyar ta karye.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan karshen yakin, an yanke wa Kanar Ernst Meyer hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku saboda kisan kai, wanda ya yi shekaru shida. A cewar 'yarsa, Ute Althaus, bai taɓa yin nadamar ayyukansa ba.

== Kyauta ==
Kwanaki uku bayan kisan da aka yi wa Limpert an binne shi inda tsohon malaminsa, Karl Bosl ya yaba masa. Wannan shine farkon kokarin Bosl na share abubuwan da suka gabata a matsayin Nazi.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bayanan littattafai ==

*{{Cite book |last=Adelheid L. Rüter-Ehlermann |title=Justiz und NS-Verbrechen:Sammlung deutscher Strafurteile wegen nationalsozialistischer Tötungsverbrechen 1945–1966 |last2=C. F. Rüter |publisher=University Press |year=1968 |volume=1 |location=Amsterdam |pages=113–129 |ref=none |issue=10}}
*:District Court of Ansbach, 14 December 1946: &quot;Erhängung eines Studenten, der in Flugblättern sowie gegenüber dem Bürgermeister von Ansbach zur kampflosen Übergabe der Stadt aufgefordert und Sabotage an einem Nachrichtenkabel verübt hatte, das zwischen dem Gefechtsstand des Kampfkommandanten und der kämpfenden Truppe verlief&quot;
*{{Cite book |last=Fröhlich, Elke |title=Bayern in der NS-Zeit. Die Herausforderung des Einzelnen. Geschichten über Widerstand und Verfolgung. |last2=Broszat, Martin |publisher=[[Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag]] |year=1983 |isbn=3-486-42411-4 |volume=VI |location=Oldenbourg, München |ref=none}}
*{{Cite book |last=Puvogel, Ulrike |url=http://www.bpb.de/publikationen/DTVV5O,0,Gedenkst%E4tten_f%FCr_die_Opfer_des_Nationalsozialismus_Band_I.html |title=Gedenkstätten für die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus |last2=Stankowski, Martin |date=1996 |publisher=Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung |isbn=3-89331-208-0 |volume=1 |location=Bonn |ref=none}}
*{{Cite book |last=Fritz, Diana |title=Ansbach unterm Hakenkreuz |date=2002 |isbn=3-932884-09-4 |location=Ansbach |ref=none}}
*{{Cite book |last=Althaus, Ute |title=&quot;NS-Offizier war ich nicht.&quot; Die Tochter forscht nach. |date=2006 |publisher=Psychosozial-Verlag |isbn=3-89806-504-9 |location=Gießen |ref=none}}
*{{Cite news |date=January 21, 2007 |title=Die Tochter forscht nach |url=http://www.sonntagsblatt-bayern.de/news/aktuell/2007_03_mfr_13_01.htm |work=Sonntagsblatt Bayern |author-last=Wairer |author-first=Frank}}
*{{Cite book |last=Kedar |first=Benjamin Z. |title=A Bavarian Historian Reinvents Himself: Karl Bosl &amp; the Third Reich |last2=Herde |first2=Peter |publisher=Magnes Press |year=2011 |ref=none}}
*{{Cite book |last=Helmut Moll |title=Zeugen für Christus. Das deutsche Martyrologium des 20. Jahrhunderts. |date=2019 |publisher=der Deutschen Bischofskonferenz |isbn=978-3-506-78012-6 |volume=I |location=Paderborn |pages=108–112 |ref=none}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{Cite web |date=April 19, 2007 |title=Zivilcourage junger Leute gewürdigt |url=http://www.epv.de/node/3414 |website=Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern e.V.}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
      <sha1>fa3r4cptlbg70g1zvgp0jatio4i6sm0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838690</id>
      <parentid>838668</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:17:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A'isha A Ibrahim</username>
        <id>22074</id>
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[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_1.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
[[Fayil:Limpert_flyer_2.jpg|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin takardun adawa da Nazi na Limpert]]
'''Robert Limpert''' (15 ga Yulin 1925 - 18 ga Afrilu 1945) ya kasance mai gwagwarmayar adawa da gwamnatin Nazi a yakin duniya na biyu . An kashe shi a kwanakin ƙarshe na yaƙin don yanke layin tarho a wani gidan kwamandan Wehrmacht da aka watsar a Ansbach a [[Jamus]].

== Rayuwa ==
Limpert was a native of Ansbach. There, he attended elementary school for four years then transferred to the Gymnasium Carolinum. Limpert developed a severe heart condition in early childhood.

A shekara ta 1943, an zargi Robert Limpert da abokinsa Wolfgang Hammer da lalata shingen wuta a lokacin tsaro na dare a makarantar sakandare da kuma rubuta taken da ke sukar mulkin Nazi. Wannan ya haifar da korar su. Bayan kammala karatunsa an rubuta shi zuwa aikin soja a watan Maris na shekara ta 1945. Ciwon zuciya bayan kwana takwas ya haifar da korarsa kuma ya koma Ansbach.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
A cikin kwanaki kafin 18 ga Afrilu 1945, Limpert da abokan aikinsa a cikin ƙungiyar adawar Nazi sun sanya takardu a kan Ansbach Rathaus (gidan majalisa) a cikin ƙoƙari na zuga mazauna yankin su lalata tsaron garin kuma su mika wuya ga Allies. Mataimakin magajin gari ya amince, amma Kanar Ernst Meyer ya mamaye shi.

A ranar 18 ga watan, tare da sojojin da suka hada kai da ke kusantar Ansbach, 'yan kungiyar Hitler Youth guda biyu sun lura da Limpert suna yanke layin tarho tsakanin hedkwatar kwamandan da aka watsar kwanan nan da sojojin da ke waje da birnin. Ba a haɗa layin ba. An kama Limpert amma ya tsere. An sake kama shi, Meyer ya yanke wa Limpert hukuncin kisa, kuma an rataye shi sa'o'i kafin Sojojin Amurka su kama birnin. Meyer ya sanya igiyar da kansa, kuma a yunkurin farko na rataye Limpert igiyar ta karye.&lt;ref name=&quot;GDW&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/robert-limpert/?no_cache=1 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan karshen yakin, an yanke wa Kanar Ernst Meyer hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku saboda kisan kai, wanda ya yi shekaru shida. A cewar 'yarsa, Ute Althaus, bai taɓa yin nadamar ayyukansa ba.

== Kyauta ==
Kwanaki uku bayan kisan da aka yi wa Limpert an binne shi inda tsohon malaminsa, Karl Bosl ya yaba masa. Wannan shine farkon kokarin Bosl na share abubuwan da suka gabata a matsayin Nazi.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bayanan littattafai ==

*{{Cite book |last=Adelheid L. Rüter-Ehlermann |title=Justiz und NS-Verbrechen:Sammlung deutscher Strafurteile wegen nationalsozialistischer Tötungsverbrechen 1945–1966 |last2=C. F. Rüter |publisher=University Press |year=1968 |volume=1 |location=Amsterdam |pages=113–129 |ref=none |issue=10}}
*:District Court of Ansbach, 14 December 1946: &quot;Erhängung eines Studenten, der in Flugblättern sowie gegenüber dem Bürgermeister von Ansbach zur kampflosen Übergabe der Stadt aufgefordert und Sabotage an einem Nachrichtenkabel verübt hatte, das zwischen dem Gefechtsstand des Kampfkommandanten und der kämpfenden Truppe verlief&quot;
*{{Cite book |last=Fröhlich, Elke |title=Bayern in der NS-Zeit. Die Herausforderung des Einzelnen. Geschichten über Widerstand und Verfolgung. |last2=Broszat, Martin |publisher=[[Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag]] |year=1983 |isbn=3-486-42411-4 |volume=VI |location=Oldenbourg, München |ref=none}}
*{{Cite book |last=Puvogel, Ulrike |url=http://www.bpb.de/publikationen/DTVV5O,0,Gedenkst%E4tten_f%FCr_die_Opfer_des_Nationalsozialismus_Band_I.html |title=Gedenkstätten für die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus |last2=Stankowski, Martin |date=1996 |publisher=Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung |isbn=3-89331-208-0 |volume=1 |location=Bonn |ref=none}}
*{{Cite book |last=Fritz, Diana |title=Ansbach unterm Hakenkreuz |date=2002 |isbn=3-932884-09-4 |location=Ansbach |ref=none}}
*{{Cite book |last=Althaus, Ute |title=&quot;NS-Offizier war ich nicht.&quot; Die Tochter forscht nach. |date=2006 |publisher=Psychosozial-Verlag |isbn=3-89806-504-9 |location=Gießen |ref=none}}
*{{Cite news |date=January 21, 2007 |title=Die Tochter forscht nach |url=http://www.sonntagsblatt-bayern.de/news/aktuell/2007_03_mfr_13_01.htm |work=Sonntagsblatt Bayern |author-last=Wairer |author-first=Frank}}
*{{Cite book |last=Kedar |first=Benjamin Z. |title=A Bavarian Historian Reinvents Himself: Karl Bosl &amp; the Third Reich |last2=Herde |first2=Peter |publisher=Magnes Press |year=2011 |ref=none}}
*{{Cite book |last=Helmut Moll |title=Zeugen für Christus. Das deutsche Martyrologium des 20. Jahrhunderts. |date=2019 |publisher=der Deutschen Bischofskonferenz |isbn=978-3-506-78012-6 |volume=I |location=Paderborn |pages=108–112 |ref=none}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{Cite web |date=April 19, 2007 |title=Zivilcourage junger Leute gewürdigt |url=http://www.epv.de/node/3414 |website=Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern e.V.}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]</text>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354611042|Python (missile)]]&quot;</comment>
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Rafael '''Python''' (wanda aka tsara duk manyan haruffa; פיתון) iyali ne na makamai masu linzami na iska zuwa iska (AAMs) wanda kamfanin kera makamai na Isra'ila Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, tsohon RAFAEL Armament Development Authority ya gina. Asalin farawa da ''Shafrir'' (Ibraniyawa: ש scorר, wanda aka fassara shi a matsayin dome, ko rigar kariya - amma kuma yana da kama da Dragonfly, nau'in namiji na juyawa don jerin Damselfly (שפירית), an haɓaka makami mai linzami na ''Shafrir-1'' a 1959, sannan ''Shafrir-2'' ya biyo baya a farkon shekarun 1970. Daga baya, kamfanin iyaye ya ba da sunan yammacin &quot;''Python''&quot; don dalilai na fitarwa, farawa da ''Python-3'' a cikin 1978. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an ci gaba da bunkasa shi kuma ya samo asali a cikin ''Python-4'', ''Python-5'', ''Derby'' da kuma, SPYDER, tsarin kare iska na ƙasa. A halin yanzu, makamai masu linzami suna aiki tare da sojojin kasashe sama da goma sha biyar daga ko'ina cikin duniya.

== Zane da ci gaba ==
[[Fayil:PythonGenerHe.png|left|thumb|An lissafa daga sama zuwa ƙasa: Shafrir-1, Shafrir-2, Python-3, Python-4, Python-5.]]
A shekarun 1950, Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila (IAF) ta gabatar da buƙatu don ƙirƙirar makami mai linzami daga sama zuwa sama da aka ƙera a cikin gida, don haɓaka masana'antar tsaro ta cikin gida da rage dogaro da shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje. An ba da kwangilar Rafael Armament Development Authority don ƙirƙirar Shafrir (Ibrananci: שפריר, wanda aka fassara shi a matsayin Dragonfly, nau'in inflection na maza don Damselfly, שפרירית) a cikin 1959. Makamin ya shiga cikin yanayin aiki tare da jiragen saman Mirage na Isra'ila a cikin 1963, amma IAF ba ta ji daɗin aikinta ba kuma ba a sami nasarar kashe sojojin sama da shi ba a lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, ana yin kisan kai da bindigogi. An gabatar da ingantaccen Shafrir-2 ba da daɗewa ba a cikin 1971, kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan makamai masu linzami daga sama zuwa sama da aka taɓa yi. A lokacin Yaƙin Yom Kippur na 1973, IAF ta harba makamai masu linzami Shafrir-2 guda 176, inda ta lalata jiragen saman abokan gaba 89.&lt;ref name=&quot;python2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shafrir-2 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040916/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |archive-date=2008-09-14 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fitar da Shafrir-2 tare da jirgin sama na Isra'ila zuwa ƙasashen [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]].

Bayan Shafrir-2, an ba da sabon makamai masu linzami da Rafael ya yi sunan yammacin '''Python'''. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa makami mai linzami na gaba da Rafael ya gina a farkon shekarun 1970 an kira shi Python-3, amma babu Python-1 ko Python-2 (sun kasance Shafrir-1, Shafrir-2). Python-3 ya inganta kewayon da kuma ikon kai farmaki, ya tabbatar da kansa kafin da kuma lokacin Yaƙin Lebanon na 1982, ya lalata jirgin saman abokan gaba 35. [[Sin|Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin]] ta burge ta da aikinta da kuma gina lasisi na Python-3 a matsayin PiLi-8 (PL-8) AAM.&lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 October 2008 |title=PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |archive-date=23 January 2012 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=SinoDefence.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ƙarin ci gaba ga Python-3 ya haifar da ci gaban Python-4 a tsakiyar shekarun 1980, wanda ya kara da zaɓi don jagorar gani.&lt;ref name=&quot;python4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-4 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060721190258/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-date=2006-07-21 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekarun 1990s Rafael ya fara ci gaba a kan Python-5 AAM, wanda aka sanye shi da ingantaccen mai neman hoto na lantarki tare da ikon kulle bayan ƙaddamarwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;python5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |archive-date=2006-07-15 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna sabon makami mai linzami a cikin 2003 Paris Air Show, kuma an yi niyya don aiki tare da IAF F-15I Ra'am (&quot;Thunder&quot;) da F-16I Sufa (&quot;Storm&quot;).

An ce Python-5 yana da cikakken ikon kaddamar da shi ko kuma makami mai linzami ne, ma'ana ana iya kaddamar dashi a manufa ba tare da la'akari da wurin da aka yi niyya ba dangane da jagorancin jirgin sama mai kaddamarwa. Zai iya kulle a kan manufofi bayan ƙaddamarwa, koda kuwa sun kai digiri 100 daga hangen nesa na jirgin sama mai ƙaddamarwa.

=== Shafrir-1 ===
An ƙera '''Shafrir-1''' a tsakanin 1959-1964 don cika buƙatun IAF na makami mai linzami na cikin gida daga sama zuwa sama. An yi nufin gina ƙwarewar masana'antar tsaro ta cikin gida, da kuma rage dogaro da shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Daga baya an tabbatar da fargabar dogaro da ƙasashen waje lokacin da Faransa ta haramta fitar da makamai zuwa Isra'ila.

Shafrir-1 an yi amfani da shi ne a kan jiragen saman Mirage III da aka gina a Faransa. Gwajin farko ya faru ne a Faransa a 1963. Koyaya aikin makami mai linzami ya kasance mara kyau sosai cewa nan da nan an fara aiki a kan ingantaccen sigar gaba, Shafrir-2. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shafrir 1 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080922153739/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python1.html |archive-date=2008-09-22 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|250|cm|in}}  in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|55|cm|in}}  in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|14|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|65|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24  fashewar fashewa, daga baya {{Cvt|30|kg|lb}} kg (66  
* Yankin: {{Cvt|5|km|mi|0}}   
* Saurin: Mach 1.7

Shafrir-2 an ba shi lambar yabo tare da kashe-kashen 89 a cikin Yakin Yom Kippur na 1973. &lt;ref name=&quot;python2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shafrir-2 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040916/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |archive-date=2008-09-14 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040916/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html &quot;Shafrir-2&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html the original] on 2008-09-14.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; A duk rayuwarta ta hidima, an ba ta lambar yabo tare da jimlar kashe-kashen 106.

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|250|cm|in}}  in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|55|cm|in}}  in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|15|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|93|kg|lb}} kg (205  
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24  
* Yankin: {{Cvt|5|km|mi|0}}   
* Saurin: Mach 2.1

=== Python-3 ===
[[Fayil:Rafael_Python_3_3.jpg|thumb|Python 3 makami mai linzami a ƙarƙashin fuka-fukan F-15 Eagle na Isra'ila.]]
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Hatnote/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;Python-3 ingantaccen AAM ne tare da ikon kai farmaki, saurin sauri, kewayon, da aiki. Ya yi aiki sosai kafin da kuma lokacin Yaƙin Lebanon na 1982, inda ya zira kwallaye 35 (wasu kafofin sun ce 50) kashe-kashen.&lt;ref name=&quot;python5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |archive-date=2006-07-15 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html &quot;Python-5&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html the original] on 2006-07-15.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

PLAAF ta kasar Sin ta yi farin ciki sosai da wannan makami mai linzami, kuma ta biya kudin samar da lasisi a matsayin PL-8 AAM a cikin shekarun 1980. &lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 October 2008 |title=PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |archive-date=23 January 2012 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=SinoDefence.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp &quot;PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile&quot;]. SinoDefence.com. 12 October 2008. Archived from [http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp the original] on 23 January 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;20 March&lt;/span&gt; 2012&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Lambar shirin da ake kira &quot;Number 8 Project&quot; (八号工程) kuma an fara shi ne a ranar 15 ga Satumba, 1983. Daga Maris 1988 zuwa Afrilu 1989, an kammala canja wurin fasaha zuwa China yayin da lasisi da sassan lasisi suka ci gaba, kuma a lokacin bazara na 1989, cikakken makami mai linzami na kasar Sin ya sami takardar shaidar jihar. Babban mai samar da makami mai linzami shine [[Xi'an]] Eastern Machinery Factory (西安东方机械厂) wanda ke Xi'an, kuma an kuma ruwaito cewa kasar Sin ta haɓaka tsarin gani (HMS) don PL-8.&lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot; /&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|295|cm|in}} cm (116 in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|80|cm|in}}  in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|120|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24 , mai aiki kusa fuse
* Yankin: {{Cvt|15|km|mi}}   
* Saurin: Mach 3.5

=== Python-4 ===
[[Fayil:Rafael_Python_4.jpg|thumb|Wani makami mai linzami na Python 4 a karkashin fuka-fukan F-15D Baz '957']]
Python-4 ƙarni ne na 4th AAM tare da ikon kai farmaki, da haɗin kai tare da tsarin gani (HMS). &lt;ref name=&quot;python4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-4 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060721190258/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-date=2006-07-21 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20060721190258/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html &quot;Python-4&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html the original] on 2006-07-21.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ya shiga aiki a cikin shekarun 1990, kuma kamar wanda ya riga shi Python-3, an haɗa shi da tsarin HMS na Elbit Systems DASH (Nuna da Sight Helmet) don Isra'ila F-15s da F-16s, Chilean F-16s (MLU da C / D block 50/52 plus), F-5E / F Tiger III, Kfirs na Kudancin Amurka da SAAB JAS 39 Gripen. An ruwaito mai neman makami mai linzami yana amfani da fasahar fasahar band biyu mai kama da na US FIM-92 Stinger (Infrared homing da ultraviolet), tare da ikon [[IRCCM]] (IR ECCM) don rage radiation na IR don rage tasirin flares na abokan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Carlo Kopp |date=April 1997 |title=Fourth Generation AAMs – The Rafael Python 4 |url=http://www.sci.fi/~fta/python4.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925143819/http://www.sci.fi/~fta/python4.html |archive-date=2006-09-25 |publisher=Australian Aviation}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|300|cm|in}} cm (120 in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|50|cm|in}} cm (20 in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|120|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24 , mai aiki laser kusanci fuse tare da back-up tasiri fuse
* Yankin: {{Cvt|15|km|mi}}   
* Saurin: Mach 3.5 ko fiye

=== Python-5 ===
[[Fayil:Python5_missile.jpg|thumb|Python-5, sabon memba a cikin iyalin Python na AAMs]]
[[Fayil:HAL_Tejas_(LSP-07)_firing_Python-5_missile_better_visibility.png|alt=A Python-5 AAM being fired from Indian Air Force HAL Tejas fighter during certification tests|thumb|An kori Python-5 AAM daga rundunar sojin saman Indiya HAL Tejas]]
Python-5 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 Full Sphere IR Air-to-Air or Surface-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.rafael.co.il/marketing/SIP_STORAGE/FILES/9/1189.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729222556/http://www.rafael.co.il/marketing/SIP_STORAGE/FILES/9/1189.pdf |archive-date=2016-07-29}}&lt;/ref&gt; a halin yanzu shine mafi kyawun makami mai linzami na iska zuwa iska a cikin kayan Isra'ila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=https://www.rafael.co.il/system/python5/ |access-date= |website=www.rafael.co.il}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayin gajeren Makami mai linzami daga iska zuwa iska, yana iya &quot;kulle-on bayan kaddamarwa&quot; (LOAL), kuma yana da cikakken sararin samaniya / duk hanyar (ciki har da baya). Makamin makami mai linzami yana da kai mai neman ci gaba wanda ya haɗa da mai neman wutar lantarki da kuma hotunan infrared wanda ke bincika yankin da aka yi niyya don jirgin sama mai ƙiyayya, sannan yana kulle don bin ƙarshe, da kuma ƙirar rikitarwa ta amfani da jimlar wurare goma sha takwas na iska.&lt;ref name=&quot;python5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |archive-date=2006-07-15 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html &quot;Python-5&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html the original] on 2006-07-15.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; An fara amfani da Python-5 a yaƙi a lokacin Yaƙin Lebanon na 2006, lokacin da F-16 Fighting Falcons suka yi amfani da shi don lalata Ababil UAVs biyu da aka yi amfani da su a Iran da [[Hezbollah]] ta yi amfani da ita. A ranar 13 ga Mayu 2021, wani F-16 na Isra'ila ya harbe wani jirgin sama mai suna Shahed wanda ke aiki da makami mai linzami na Python-5.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 May 2021 |title=Iron Dome intercepts drone during combat for first time, says Israeli military |url=https://www.defensenews.com/unmanned/2021/05/17/iron-dome-intercepts-drone-during-combat-for-first-time-says-israeli-military/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210620002841/https://www.defensenews.com/unmanned/2021/05/17/iron-dome-intercepts-drone-during-combat-for-first-time-says-israeli-military/ |archive-date=2021-06-20 |access-date=2021-05-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gross |first=Judah Ari |date=13 May 2021 |title=Footage shows IDF fighter jet shooting down 'suicide drone' launched from Gaza |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/footage-shows-idf-fighter-jet-shooting-down-suicide-drone-launched-from-gaza/ |website=[[The Times of Israel]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Trevithick |first=Joseph |date=May 13, 2021 |title=Palestinian Militants Are Now Launching Suicide Drones At Israel |url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/40601/palestinian-militants-are-now-launching-suicide-drones-at-israel |website=The Drive}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|310|cm|in}} cm (120 in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|64|cm|in}} cm (25 in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|105|kg|lb}} kg (231  
* Jagora: IR + hoton lantarki
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24  
* Yankin: &gt; {{Cvt|20|km|mi}} km (12  
* Saurin: Mach 4

== Sauran ci gaban Python ==

=== Derby ===
[[Fayil:Derby_missile.jpg|thumb|Mashin ''Derby'']]
Har ila yau an san shi da Alto, makami mai linzami na Derby shine BVR, matsakaici (~ {{Cvt|50|km|mi}}  ) mai aiki na radar homing. Kodayake a zahiri ba wani ɓangare na dangin &quot;Python&quot; ba, makami mai linzami babban nau'i ne na Python-4 tare da mai neman Radar mai aiki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Derby Beyond Visual Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/derby/Derby.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060718065607/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/derby/Derby.html |archive-date=2006-07-18 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|362|cm|in}}  in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|64|cm|in}} cm (25 in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|118|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: Radar mai aiki
* Warhead: {{Cvt|23|kg|lb}} kg (51  
* Yankin: {{Cvt|50|km|mi}}   
* Saurin: Mach 4

==== I-Derby ER ====
A watan Yunin 2015, Rafael ya tabbatar da wanzuwar I-Derby-ER, wani nau'in Derby mai tsayi wanda ke ƙara nisan zuwa 54 nmi (mita 62; kilomita 100), bayan an yi watsi da sigar &quot;Python 6&quot; bisa ga makami mai linzami Stunner da aka harba ta sama. Don cimma babban zango, an ƙara injin roka mai ƙarfi mai bugun jini biyu, inda bugun makamashi na biyu yayin da makamin ya kusa kaiwa ga inda aka nufa ya tsawaita lokacin tashi. Hakanan yana haɗa mai nema da fuse cikin tsarin firikwensin da haɗin kai don samar da sarari ga sabon motar..

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, an ruwaito cewa Indiya tana shirin shirya mayakan Sukhoi Su-30MKI da makamai masu linzami na I-Derby ER don maye gurbin makamai masu makamai masu lanzami na R-77. A baya, a cikin 2018, an riga an zaba shi don mayaƙin HAL Tejas na Sojojin Sama na Indiya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bedi |first=Rahul |date=29 May 2019 |title=IAF plans to arm its Su-30MKI fleet with I-Derby ER BVRAAMs |url=https://www.janes.com/article/88867/iaf-plans-to-arm-its-su-30mki-fleet-with-i-derby-er-bvraams |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529175655/https://www.janes.com/article/88867/iaf-plans-to-arm-its-su-30mki-fleet-with-i-derby-er-bvraams |archive-date=2019-05-29 |website=Jane's Defence Weekly |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Hatnote/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
[[Fayil:SPYDER.jpg|thumb|SPYDER - ƙungiyar harbi mai linzami (MFU) ]]
'''S''' ('''PY''' da '''DER''') ingantaccen tsarin makami mai linzami ne wanda Rafael ya kirkira wanda ke amfani da nau'ikan makamai masu linzami na Python-5 da Derby.

== Masu aiki ==
[[Fayil:Defense.gov_News_Photo_010124-D-0000X-001.jpg|thumb|Biyu PL-8 AAMs suna bayyane a fili a kan wani kasar Sin Navy Shenyang J-8 interceptor]]

=== Masu aiki na yanzu ===

* - Shafrir-2 (makamai masu linzami 350, an kawo su 1981). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=SIPRI arms transfer database |url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513073842/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |archive-date=13 May 2011 |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=[[Stockholm International Peace Research Institute]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-3. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-3 (400 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2001), Python-4 da Derby (200 makamai masu makamai masu banƙyama kowannensu, duk an kawo 2011). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{BRA}}
* - Shafrir-2 (50 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1978), Python-3 (120 makamai masu makamai masu banƙyama, an kawo 1997), Python-4 (280 makamai masu lanƙyama, aka kawo 2011) da Derby (60 makamai masu kunƙyama, a kawo 2003). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{CHL}}
* - Python-3 (3000 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1983, sunan gida [[PL-8 (missile)|PiLi-8 (PL-8)]] ). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; [1]&lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 October 2008 |title=PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |archive-date=23 January 2012 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=SinoDefence.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp &quot;PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile&quot;]. SinoDefence.com. 12 October 2008. Archived from [http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp the original] on 23 January 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;20 March&lt;/span&gt; 2012&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;{{CHN}}
* - Shafrir-2 (makamai masu linzami 80, an kawo su 1989), Python-3/4 (makamai mai linzami 75 kowannensu, duk an kawo su 2005), Python-5 (makamai linzami 100, an kawo su 2011) da Derby (makamai lanzami 40, an kawo su 2010). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; 
* - Shafrir-2 (makamai masu linzami 75, an kawo su 1984), Python-3 / Python-4 (makamai mai linzami 60, an kawo su 1996), Python-5 (makamai linzami 50, an kawo su 2001) da Derby (makamai lanzami 60, an ba su 2003). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{ECU}}
* - Shafrir . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}&lt;/ref&gt; [yanawa da ake buƙata]  
* - Python-5 da Derby makamai masu linzami da aka kawo a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin SPYDER.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trade Registers |url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513073842/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |archive-date=2011-05-13 |access-date=2012-03-20 |website=armstrade.sipri.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{GEO}}
* - Shafrir-2 (100 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1978). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{HND}}
* - Python-4 da Python-5 (100 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2007) da kuma I-Derby ER.&lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{IND}}
* - Shafrir-1/2, Python-4 da Python-5, (mai amfani na farko, sunan gida ''Zephyr''). 
* - Python-5 da Derby tare da mai ƙarfafa roket mai ƙarfi (wani ɓangare na tsarin tsaron iska na SPYDER).  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mario Alvaro |first=Limos |date=16 May 2021 |title=Israel Is Supplying Air Defense Missiles to the Philippines |url=https://id.summitmedia.com.ph?d=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.esquiremag.ph%2Fpolitics%2Fnews%2Fisrael-supplying-air-defense-missiles-philippines-a00293-20210516 |access-date= |website=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nepomuceno |first=Priam |date=30 December 2022 |title=Yearender: AFP ends 2022 with anti-air missile capability |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1191493 |access-date= |website=www.pna.gov.ph |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-3. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-4 (600 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2004) da Python-5 da Derby makamai masu makamai masu banƙyama.&lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; Ya zuwa 2023, ana amfani da Python-V a kan mayakan RSAF F-16C / D +.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Singapore Air Force upgraded F-16C/D+ fighter now armed with Python-5 air-to-air missiles |url=https://airrecognition.com/index.php/news/defense-aviation-news/2023-news-aviation-aerospace/september/9213-singapore-air-force-upgraded-f-16c-d-fighter-now-armed-with-python-5-air-to-air-missiles.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Shafrir-2 (450 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1977). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; 
* - Python-4 (400-500 makamai masu linzami, an kawo su 1990). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; 
* - Python-4 (54 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2004). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{VEN}}
* - Python-5 da Derby (makamai masu linzami 375 kowannensu, an kawo 2018 a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin SPYDER). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{VNM}}

=== Tsoffin masu aiki ===

* - Python-3 (sunan yankin V3S Snake, an kawo shi a 1989 kuma ya yi ritaya a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2008), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=V3S Snake (Rafael Python 3) |url=http://www.saairforce.co.za/the-airforce/weapons/68/v3s-snake-rafael-python-3 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=South African Air Force unofficial website}}&lt;/ref&gt; Derby (sunan yanki a matsayin R-Darter ko V4). 

=== Masu aiki na gaba ===

* - I-Derby ER (48 makamai masu linzami, an kawo su ta 2027). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gosselin-Malo |first=Elisabeth |date=2023-10-27 |title=Czech Republic orders new batch of air-to-air missiles from Rafael |url=https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2023/10/27/czech-republic-orders-new-batch-of-air-to-air-missiles-from-rafael/ |access-date=2023-10-27 |website=Defense News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Dubi kuma ==

* Jerin makamai da Sojojin Sama na Isra'ila suka yi amfani da su
* AIM-9 Sidewinder - (Amurka) 
* IRIS-T - (Jamus, Italiya, Sweden, Girka) 
* Merlin  (Turkey
* ASRAAM - (United Kingdom) 
* R-73 - (Soviet Union) 

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354611042|Python (missile)]]&quot;</comment>
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Rafael '''Python''' (wanda aka rubuta shi da manyan haruffa; פיתון)  yana cikin  makamai masu linzami na iska zuwa iska (AAMs) wanda kamfanin kera makamai na Isra'ila Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, tsohon RAFAEL Armament Development Authority ya gina. Asalin farawa da ''Shafrir'' (Ibraniyawa: ש scorר, wanda aka fassara shi a matsayin dome, ko rigar kariya - amma kuma yana da kama da Dragonfly, nau'in namiji na juyawa don jerin Damselfly (שפירית), an haɓaka makami mai linzami na ''Shafrir-1'' a 1959, sannan ''Shafrir-2'' ya biyo baya a farkon shekarun 1970. Daga baya, kamfanin iyaye ya ba da sunan yammacin &quot;''Python''&quot; don dalilai na fitarwa, farawa da ''Python-3'' a cikin 1978. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an ci gaba da bunkasa shi kuma ya samo asali a cikin ''Python-4'', ''Python-5'', ''Derby'' da kuma, SPYDER, tsarin kare iska na ƙasa. A halin yanzu, makamai masu linzami suna aiki tare da sojojin kasashe sama da goma sha biyar daga ko'ina cikin duniya.

== Zane da ci gaba ==
[[Fayil:PythonGenerHe.png|left|thumb|An lissafa daga sama zuwa ƙasa: Shafrir-1, Shafrir-2, Python-3, Python-4, Python-5.]]
A shekarun 1950, Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila (IAF) ta gabatar da buƙatu don ƙirƙirar makami mai linzami daga sama zuwa sama da aka ƙera a cikin gida, don haɓaka masana'antar tsaro ta cikin gida da rage dogaro da shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje. An ba da kwangilar Rafael Armament Development Authority don ƙirƙirar Shafrir (Ibrananci: שפריר, wanda aka fassara shi a matsayin Dragonfly, nau'in inflection na maza don Damselfly, שפרירית) a cikin 1959. Makamin ya shiga cikin yanayin aiki tare da jiragen saman Mirage na Isra'ila a cikin 1963, amma IAF ba ta ji daɗin aikinta ba kuma ba a sami nasarar kashe sojojin sama da shi ba a lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, ana yin kisan kai da bindigogi. An gabatar da ingantaccen Shafrir-2 ba da daɗewa ba a cikin 1971, kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan makamai masu linzami daga sama zuwa sama da aka taɓa yi. A lokacin Yaƙin Yom Kippur na 1973, IAF ta harba makamai masu linzami Shafrir-2 guda 176, inda ta lalata jiragen saman abokan gaba 89.&lt;ref name=&quot;python2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shafrir-2 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040916/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |archive-date=2008-09-14 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fitar da Shafrir-2 tare da jirgin sama na Isra'ila zuwa ƙasashen [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]].

Bayan Shafrir-2, an ba da sabon makamai masu linzami da Rafael ya yi sunan yammacin '''Python'''. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa makami mai linzami na gaba da Rafael ya gina a farkon shekarun 1970 an kira shi Python-3, amma babu Python-1 ko Python-2 (sun kasance Shafrir-1, Shafrir-2). Python-3 ya inganta kewayon da kuma ikon kai farmaki, ya tabbatar da kansa kafin da kuma lokacin Yaƙin Lebanon na 1982, ya lalata jirgin saman abokan gaba 35. [[Sin|Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin]] ta burge ta da aikinta da kuma gina lasisi na Python-3 a matsayin PiLi-8 (PL-8) AAM.&lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 October 2008 |title=PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |archive-date=23 January 2012 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=SinoDefence.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ƙarin ci gaba ga Python-3 ya haifar da ci gaban Python-4 a tsakiyar shekarun 1980, wanda ya kara da zaɓi don jagorar gani.&lt;ref name=&quot;python4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-4 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060721190258/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-date=2006-07-21 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekarun 1990s Rafael ya fara ci gaba a kan Python-5 AAM, wanda aka sanye shi da ingantaccen mai neman hoto na lantarki tare da ikon kulle bayan ƙaddamarwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;python5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |archive-date=2006-07-15 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna sabon makami mai linzami a cikin 2003 Paris Air Show, kuma an yi niyya don aiki tare da IAF F-15I Ra'am (&quot;Thunder&quot;) da F-16I Sufa (&quot;Storm&quot;).

An ce Python-5 yana da cikakken ikon kaddamar da shi ko kuma makami mai linzami ne, ma'ana ana iya kaddamar dashi a manufa ba tare da la'akari da wurin da aka yi niyya ba dangane da jagorancin jirgin sama mai kaddamarwa. Zai iya kulle a kan manufofi bayan ƙaddamarwa, koda kuwa sun kai digiri 100 daga hangen nesa na jirgin sama mai ƙaddamarwa.

=== Shafrir-1 ===
An ƙera '''Shafrir-1''' a tsakanin 1959-1964 don cika buƙatun IAF na makami mai linzami na cikin gida daga sama zuwa sama. An yi nufin gina ƙwarewar masana'antar tsaro ta cikin gida, da kuma rage dogaro da shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Daga baya an tabbatar da fargabar dogaro da ƙasashen waje lokacin da Faransa ta haramta fitar da makamai zuwa Isra'ila.

Shafrir-1 an yi amfani da shi ne a kan jiragen saman Mirage III da aka gina a Faransa. Gwajin farko ya faru ne a Faransa a 1963. Koyaya aikin makami mai linzami ya kasance mara kyau sosai cewa nan da nan an fara aiki a kan ingantaccen sigar gaba, Shafrir-2. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shafrir 1 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080922153739/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python1.html |archive-date=2008-09-22 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|250|cm|in}}  in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|55|cm|in}}  in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|14|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|65|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24  fashewar fashewa, daga baya {{Cvt|30|kg|lb}} kg (66  
* Yankin: {{Cvt|5|km|mi|0}}   
* Saurin: Mach 1.7

Shafrir-2 an ba shi lambar yabo tare da kashe-kashen 89 a cikin Yakin Yom Kippur na 1973. &lt;ref name=&quot;python2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shafrir-2 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040916/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |archive-date=2008-09-14 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040916/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html &quot;Shafrir-2&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html the original] on 2008-09-14.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; A duk rayuwarta ta hidima, an ba ta lambar yabo tare da jimlar kashe-kashen 106.

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|250|cm|in}}  in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|55|cm|in}}  in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|15|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|93|kg|lb}} kg (205  
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24  
* Yankin: {{Cvt|5|km|mi|0}}   
* Saurin: Mach 2.1

=== Python-3 ===
[[Fayil:Rafael_Python_3_3.jpg|thumb|Python 3 makami mai linzami a ƙarƙashin fuka-fukan F-15 Eagle na Isra'ila.]]
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Hatnote/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;Python-3 ingantaccen AAM ne tare da ikon kai farmaki, saurin sauri, kewayon, da aiki. Ya yi aiki sosai kafin da kuma lokacin Yaƙin Lebanon na 1982, inda ya zira kwallaye 35 (wasu kafofin sun ce 50) kashe-kashen.&lt;ref name=&quot;python5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |archive-date=2006-07-15 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html &quot;Python-5&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html the original] on 2006-07-15.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

PLAAF ta kasar Sin ta yi farin ciki sosai da wannan makami mai linzami, kuma ta biya kudin samar da lasisi a matsayin PL-8 AAM a cikin shekarun 1980. &lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 October 2008 |title=PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |archive-date=23 January 2012 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=SinoDefence.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp &quot;PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile&quot;]. SinoDefence.com. 12 October 2008. Archived from [http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp the original] on 23 January 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;20 March&lt;/span&gt; 2012&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Lambar shirin da ake kira &quot;Number 8 Project&quot; (八号工程) kuma an fara shi ne a ranar 15 ga Satumba, 1983. Daga Maris 1988 zuwa Afrilu 1989, an kammala canja wurin fasaha zuwa China yayin da lasisi da sassan lasisi suka ci gaba, kuma a lokacin bazara na 1989, cikakken makami mai linzami na kasar Sin ya sami takardar shaidar jihar. Babban mai samar da makami mai linzami shine [[Xi'an]] Eastern Machinery Factory (西安东方机械厂) wanda ke Xi'an, kuma an kuma ruwaito cewa kasar Sin ta haɓaka tsarin gani (HMS) don PL-8.&lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot; /&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|295|cm|in}} cm (116 in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|80|cm|in}}  in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|120|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24 , mai aiki kusa fuse
* Yankin: {{Cvt|15|km|mi}}   
* Saurin: Mach 3.5

=== Python-4 ===
[[Fayil:Rafael_Python_4.jpg|thumb|Wani makami mai linzami na Python 4 a karkashin fuka-fukan F-15D Baz '957']]
Python-4 ƙarni ne na 4th AAM tare da ikon kai farmaki, da haɗin kai tare da tsarin gani (HMS). &lt;ref name=&quot;python4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-4 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060721190258/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-date=2006-07-21 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20060721190258/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html &quot;Python-4&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html the original] on 2006-07-21.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ya shiga aiki a cikin shekarun 1990, kuma kamar wanda ya riga shi Python-3, an haɗa shi da tsarin HMS na Elbit Systems DASH (Nuna da Sight Helmet) don Isra'ila F-15s da F-16s, Chilean F-16s (MLU da C / D block 50/52 plus), F-5E / F Tiger III, Kfirs na Kudancin Amurka da SAAB JAS 39 Gripen. An ruwaito mai neman makami mai linzami yana amfani da fasahar fasahar band biyu mai kama da na US FIM-92 Stinger (Infrared homing da ultraviolet), tare da ikon [[IRCCM]] (IR ECCM) don rage radiation na IR don rage tasirin flares na abokan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Carlo Kopp |date=April 1997 |title=Fourth Generation AAMs – The Rafael Python 4 |url=http://www.sci.fi/~fta/python4.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925143819/http://www.sci.fi/~fta/python4.html |archive-date=2006-09-25 |publisher=Australian Aviation}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|300|cm|in}} cm (120 in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|50|cm|in}} cm (20 in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|120|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24 , mai aiki laser kusanci fuse tare da back-up tasiri fuse
* Yankin: {{Cvt|15|km|mi}}   
* Saurin: Mach 3.5 ko fiye

=== Python-5 ===
[[Fayil:Python5_missile.jpg|thumb|Python-5, sabon memba a cikin iyalin Python na AAMs]]
[[Fayil:HAL_Tejas_(LSP-07)_firing_Python-5_missile_better_visibility.png|alt=A Python-5 AAM being fired from Indian Air Force HAL Tejas fighter during certification tests|thumb|An kori Python-5 AAM daga rundunar sojin saman Indiya HAL Tejas]]
Python-5 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 Full Sphere IR Air-to-Air or Surface-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.rafael.co.il/marketing/SIP_STORAGE/FILES/9/1189.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729222556/http://www.rafael.co.il/marketing/SIP_STORAGE/FILES/9/1189.pdf |archive-date=2016-07-29}}&lt;/ref&gt; a halin yanzu shine mafi kyawun makami mai linzami na iska zuwa iska a cikin kayan Isra'ila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=https://www.rafael.co.il/system/python5/ |access-date= |website=www.rafael.co.il}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayin gajeren Makami mai linzami daga iska zuwa iska, yana iya &quot;kulle-on bayan kaddamarwa&quot; (LOAL), kuma yana da cikakken sararin samaniya / duk hanyar (ciki har da baya). Makamin makami mai linzami yana da kai mai neman ci gaba wanda ya haɗa da mai neman wutar lantarki da kuma hotunan infrared wanda ke bincika yankin da aka yi niyya don jirgin sama mai ƙiyayya, sannan yana kulle don bin ƙarshe, da kuma ƙirar rikitarwa ta amfani da jimlar wurare goma sha takwas na iska.&lt;ref name=&quot;python5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |archive-date=2006-07-15 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html &quot;Python-5&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html the original] on 2006-07-15.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; An fara amfani da Python-5 a yaƙi a lokacin Yaƙin Lebanon na 2006, lokacin da F-16 Fighting Falcons suka yi amfani da shi don lalata Ababil UAVs biyu da aka yi amfani da su a Iran da [[Hezbollah]] ta yi amfani da ita. A ranar 13 ga Mayu 2021, wani F-16 na Isra'ila ya harbe wani jirgin sama mai suna Shahed wanda ke aiki da makami mai linzami na Python-5.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 May 2021 |title=Iron Dome intercepts drone during combat for first time, says Israeli military |url=https://www.defensenews.com/unmanned/2021/05/17/iron-dome-intercepts-drone-during-combat-for-first-time-says-israeli-military/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210620002841/https://www.defensenews.com/unmanned/2021/05/17/iron-dome-intercepts-drone-during-combat-for-first-time-says-israeli-military/ |archive-date=2021-06-20 |access-date=2021-05-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gross |first=Judah Ari |date=13 May 2021 |title=Footage shows IDF fighter jet shooting down 'suicide drone' launched from Gaza |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/footage-shows-idf-fighter-jet-shooting-down-suicide-drone-launched-from-gaza/ |website=[[The Times of Israel]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Trevithick |first=Joseph |date=May 13, 2021 |title=Palestinian Militants Are Now Launching Suicide Drones At Israel |url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/40601/palestinian-militants-are-now-launching-suicide-drones-at-israel |website=The Drive}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|310|cm|in}} cm (120 in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|64|cm|in}} cm (25 in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|105|kg|lb}} kg (231  
* Jagora: IR + hoton lantarki
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24  
* Yankin: &gt; {{Cvt|20|km|mi}} km (12  
* Saurin: Mach 4

== Sauran ci gaban Python ==

=== Derby ===
[[Fayil:Derby_missile.jpg|thumb|Mashin ''Derby'']]
Har ila yau an san shi da Alto, makami mai linzami na Derby shine BVR, matsakaici (~ {{Cvt|50|km|mi}}  ) mai aiki na radar homing. Kodayake a zahiri ba wani ɓangare na dangin &quot;Python&quot; ba, makami mai linzami babban nau'i ne na Python-4 tare da mai neman Radar mai aiki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Derby Beyond Visual Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/derby/Derby.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060718065607/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/derby/Derby.html |archive-date=2006-07-18 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|362|cm|in}}  in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|64|cm|in}} cm (25 in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|118|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: Radar mai aiki
* Warhead: {{Cvt|23|kg|lb}} kg (51  
* Yankin: {{Cvt|50|km|mi}}   
* Saurin: Mach 4

==== I-Derby ER ====
A watan Yunin 2015, Rafael ya tabbatar da wanzuwar I-Derby-ER, wani nau'in Derby mai tsayi wanda ke ƙara nisan zuwa 54 nmi (mita 62; kilomita 100), bayan an yi watsi da sigar &quot;Python 6&quot; bisa ga makami mai linzami Stunner da aka harba ta sama. Don cimma babban zango, an ƙara injin roka mai ƙarfi mai bugun jini biyu, inda bugun makamashi na biyu yayin da makamin ya kusa kaiwa ga inda aka nufa ya tsawaita lokacin tashi. Hakanan yana haɗa mai nema da fuse cikin tsarin firikwensin da haɗin kai don samar da sarari ga sabon motar..

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, an ruwaito cewa Indiya tana shirin shirya mayakan Sukhoi Su-30MKI da makamai masu linzami na I-Derby ER don maye gurbin makamai masu makamai masu lanzami na R-77. A baya, a cikin 2018, an riga an zaba shi don mayaƙin HAL Tejas na Sojojin Sama na Indiya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bedi |first=Rahul |date=29 May 2019 |title=IAF plans to arm its Su-30MKI fleet with I-Derby ER BVRAAMs |url=https://www.janes.com/article/88867/iaf-plans-to-arm-its-su-30mki-fleet-with-i-derby-er-bvraams |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529175655/https://www.janes.com/article/88867/iaf-plans-to-arm-its-su-30mki-fleet-with-i-derby-er-bvraams |archive-date=2019-05-29 |website=Jane's Defence Weekly |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Hatnote/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
[[Fayil:SPYDER.jpg|thumb|SPYDER - ƙungiyar harbi mai linzami (MFU) ]]
'''S''' ('''PY''' da '''DER''') ingantaccen tsarin makami mai linzami ne wanda Rafael ya kirkira wanda ke amfani da nau'ikan makamai masu linzami na Python-5 da Derby.

== Masu aiki ==
[[Fayil:Defense.gov_News_Photo_010124-D-0000X-001.jpg|thumb|Biyu PL-8 AAMs suna bayyane a fili a kan wani kasar Sin Navy Shenyang J-8 interceptor]]

=== Masu aiki na yanzu ===

* - Shafrir-2 (makamai masu linzami 350, an kawo su 1981). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=SIPRI arms transfer database |url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513073842/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |archive-date=13 May 2011 |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=[[Stockholm International Peace Research Institute]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-3. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-3 (400 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2001), Python-4 da Derby (200 makamai masu makamai masu banƙyama kowannensu, duk an kawo 2011). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{BRA}}
* - Shafrir-2 (50 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1978), Python-3 (120 makamai masu makamai masu banƙyama, an kawo 1997), Python-4 (280 makamai masu lanƙyama, aka kawo 2011) da Derby (60 makamai masu kunƙyama, a kawo 2003). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{CHL}}
* - Python-3 (3000 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1983, sunan gida [[PL-8 (missile)|PiLi-8 (PL-8)]] ). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; [1]&lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 October 2008 |title=PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |archive-date=23 January 2012 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=SinoDefence.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp &quot;PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile&quot;]. SinoDefence.com. 12 October 2008. Archived from [http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp the original] on 23 January 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;20 March&lt;/span&gt; 2012&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;{{CHN}}
* - Shafrir-2 (makamai masu linzami 80, an kawo su 1989), Python-3/4 (makamai mai linzami 75 kowannensu, duk an kawo su 2005), Python-5 (makamai linzami 100, an kawo su 2011) da Derby (makamai lanzami 40, an kawo su 2010). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; 
* - Shafrir-2 (makamai masu linzami 75, an kawo su 1984), Python-3 / Python-4 (makamai mai linzami 60, an kawo su 1996), Python-5 (makamai linzami 50, an kawo su 2001) da Derby (makamai lanzami 60, an ba su 2003). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{ECU}}
* - Shafrir . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}&lt;/ref&gt; [yanawa da ake buƙata]  
* - Python-5 da Derby makamai masu linzami da aka kawo a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin SPYDER.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trade Registers |url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513073842/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |archive-date=2011-05-13 |access-date=2012-03-20 |website=armstrade.sipri.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{GEO}}
* - Shafrir-2 (100 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1978). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{HND}}
* - Python-4 da Python-5 (100 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2007) da kuma I-Derby ER.&lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{IND}}
* - Shafrir-1/2, Python-4 da Python-5, (mai amfani na farko, sunan gida ''Zephyr''). 
* - Python-5 da Derby tare da mai ƙarfafa roket mai ƙarfi (wani ɓangare na tsarin tsaron iska na SPYDER).  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mario Alvaro |first=Limos |date=16 May 2021 |title=Israel Is Supplying Air Defense Missiles to the Philippines |url=https://id.summitmedia.com.ph?d=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.esquiremag.ph%2Fpolitics%2Fnews%2Fisrael-supplying-air-defense-missiles-philippines-a00293-20210516 |access-date= |website=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nepomuceno |first=Priam |date=30 December 2022 |title=Yearender: AFP ends 2022 with anti-air missile capability |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1191493 |access-date= |website=www.pna.gov.ph |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-3. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-4 (600 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2004) da Python-5 da Derby makamai masu makamai masu banƙyama.&lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; Ya zuwa 2023, ana amfani da Python-V a kan mayakan RSAF F-16C / D +.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Singapore Air Force upgraded F-16C/D+ fighter now armed with Python-5 air-to-air missiles |url=https://airrecognition.com/index.php/news/defense-aviation-news/2023-news-aviation-aerospace/september/9213-singapore-air-force-upgraded-f-16c-d-fighter-now-armed-with-python-5-air-to-air-missiles.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Shafrir-2 (450 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1977). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; 
* - Python-4 (400-500 makamai masu linzami, an kawo su 1990). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; 
* - Python-4 (54 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2004). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{VEN}}
* - Python-5 da Derby (makamai masu linzami 375 kowannensu, an kawo 2018 a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin SPYDER). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{VNM}}

=== Tsoffin masu aiki ===

* - Python-3 (sunan yankin V3S Snake, an kawo shi a 1989 kuma ya yi ritaya a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2008), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=V3S Snake (Rafael Python 3) |url=http://www.saairforce.co.za/the-airforce/weapons/68/v3s-snake-rafael-python-3 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=South African Air Force unofficial website}}&lt;/ref&gt; Derby (sunan yanki a matsayin R-Darter ko V4). 

=== Masu aiki na gaba ===

* - I-Derby ER (48 makamai masu linzami, an kawo su ta 2027). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gosselin-Malo |first=Elisabeth |date=2023-10-27 |title=Czech Republic orders new batch of air-to-air missiles from Rafael |url=https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2023/10/27/czech-republic-orders-new-batch-of-air-to-air-missiles-from-rafael/ |access-date=2023-10-27 |website=Defense News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Dubi kuma ==

* Jerin makamai da Sojojin Sama na Isra'ila suka yi amfani da su
* AIM-9 Sidewinder - (Amurka) 
* IRIS-T - (Jamus, Italiya, Sweden, Girka) 
* Merlin  (Turkey
* ASRAAM - (United Kingdom) 
* R-73 - (Soviet Union) 

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
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{{Databox}}
Rafael '''Python''' (wanda aka rubuta shi da manyan haruffa; פיתון)  yana cikin  makamai masu linzami na iska zuwa iska (AAMs) wanda kamfanin kera makamai na Isra'ila Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, tsohon RAFAEL Armament Development Authority ya gina. Asalin farawa da ''Shafrir'' (Ibraniyawa: ש scorר, wanda aka fassara shi a matsayin dome, ko rigar kariya - amma kuma yana da kama da Dragonfly, nau'in namiji na juyawa don jerin Damselfly (שפירית), an haɓaka makami mai linzami na ''Shafrir-1'' a 1959, sannan ''Shafrir-2'' ya biyo baya a farkon shekarun 1970. Daga baya, kamfanin iyaye ya ba da sunan yammacin &quot;''Python''&quot; don dalilai na fitarwa, farawa da ''Python-3'' a cikin 1978. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an ci gaba da bunkasa shi kuma ya samo asali a cikin ''Python-4'', ''Python-5'', ''Derby'' da kuma, SPYDER, tsarin kare iska na ƙasa. A halin yanzu, makamai masu linzami suna aiki tare da sojojin kasashe sama da goma sha biyar daga ko'ina cikin duniya.

== Zane da ci gaba ==
[[Fayil:PythonGenerHe.png|left|thumb|An lissafa daga sama zuwa ƙasa: Shafrir-1, Shafrir-2, Python-3, Python-4, Python-5.]]
A shekarun 1950, Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila (IAF) ta gabatar da buƙatu don ƙirƙirar makami mai linzami daga sama zuwa sama da aka ƙera a cikin gida, don haɓaka masana'antar tsaro ta cikin gida da rage dogaro da shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje. An ba da kwangilar Rafael Armament Development Authority don ƙirƙirar Shafrir (Ibrananci: שפריר, wanda aka fassara shi a matsayin Dragonfly, nau'in inflection na maza don Damselfly, שפרירית) a cikin 1959. Makamin ya shiga cikin yanayin aiki tare da jiragen saman Mirage na Isra'ila a cikin 1963, amma IAF ba ta ji daɗin aikinta ba kuma ba a sami nasarar kashe sojojin sama da shi ba a lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, ana yin kisan kai da bindigogi. An gabatar da ingantaccen Shafrir-2 ba da daɗewa ba a cikin 1971, kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan makamai masu linzami daga sama zuwa sama da aka taɓa yi. A lokacin Yaƙin Yom Kippur na 1973, IAF ta harba makamai masu linzami Shafrir-2 guda 176, inda ta lalata jiragen saman abokan gaba 89.&lt;ref name=&quot;python2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shafrir-2 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040916/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |archive-date=2008-09-14 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fitar da Shafrir-2 tare da jirgin sama na Isra'ila zuwa ƙasashen [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]].

Bayan Shafrir-2, an ba da sabon makamai masu linzami da Rafael ya yi sunan yammacin '''Python'''. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa makami mai linzami na gaba da Rafael ya gina a farkon shekarun 1970 an kira shi Python-3, amma babu Python-1 ko Python-2 (sun kasance Shafrir-1, Shafrir-2). Python-3 ya inganta kewayon da kuma ikon kai farmaki, ya tabbatar da kansa kafin da kuma lokacin Yaƙin Lebanon na 1982, ya lalata jirgin saman abokan gaba 35. [[Sin|Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin]] ta burge ta da aikinta da kuma gina lasisi na Python-3 a matsayin PiLi-8 (PL-8) AAM.&lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 October 2008 |title=PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |archive-date=23 January 2012 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=SinoDefence.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ƙarin ci gaba ga Python-3 ya haifar da ci gaban Python-4 a tsakiyar shekarun 1980, wanda ya kara da zaɓi don jagorar gani.&lt;ref name=&quot;python4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-4 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060721190258/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-date=2006-07-21 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekarun 1990s Rafael ya fara ci gaba a kan Python-5 AAM, wanda aka sanye shi da ingantaccen mai neman hoto na lantarki tare da ikon kulle bayan ƙaddamarwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;python5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |archive-date=2006-07-15 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna sabon makami mai linzami a cikin 2003 Paris Air Show, kuma an yi niyya don aiki tare da IAF F-15I Ra'am (&quot;Thunder&quot;) da F-16I Sufa (&quot;Storm&quot;).

An ce Python-5 yana da cikakken ikon kaddamar da shi ko kuma makami mai linzami ne, ma'ana ana iya kaddamar dashi a manufa ba tare da la'akari da wurin da aka yi niyya ba dangane da jagorancin jirgin sama mai kaddamarwa. Zai iya kulle a kan manufofi bayan ƙaddamarwa, koda kuwa sun kai digiri 100 daga hangen nesa na jirgin sama mai ƙaddamarwa.

=== Shafrir-1 ===
An ƙera '''Shafrir-1''' a tsakanin 1959-1964 don cika buƙatun IAF na makami mai linzami na cikin gida daga sama zuwa sama. An yi nufin gina ƙwarewar masana'antar tsaro ta cikin gida, da kuma rage dogaro da shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Daga baya an tabbatar da fargabar dogaro da ƙasashen waje lokacin da Faransa ta haramta fitar da makamai zuwa Isra'ila.

Shafrir-1 an yi amfani da shi ne a kan jiragen saman Mirage III da aka gina a Faransa. Gwajin farko ya faru ne a Faransa a 1963. Koyaya aikin makami mai linzami ya kasance mara kyau sosai cewa nan da nan an fara aiki a kan ingantaccen sigar gaba, Shafrir-2. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shafrir 1 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080922153739/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python1.html |archive-date=2008-09-22 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|250|cm|in}}  in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|55|cm|in}}  in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|14|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|65|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24  fashewar fashewa, daga baya {{Cvt|30|kg|lb}} kg (66  
* Yankin: {{Cvt|5|km|mi|0}}   
* Saurin: Mach 1.7

Shafrir-2 an ba shi lambar yabo tare da kashe-kashen 89 a cikin Yakin Yom Kippur na 1973. &lt;ref name=&quot;python2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shafrir-2 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040916/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html |archive-date=2008-09-14 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20080914040916/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html &quot;Shafrir-2&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python2.html the original] on 2008-09-14.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; A duk rayuwarta ta hidima, an ba ta lambar yabo tare da jimlar kashe-kashen 106.

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|250|cm|in}}  in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|55|cm|in}}  in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|15|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|93|kg|lb}} kg (205  
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24  
* Yankin: {{Cvt|5|km|mi|0}}   
* Saurin: Mach 2.1

=== Python-3 ===
[[Fayil:Rafael_Python_3_3.jpg|thumb|Python 3 makami mai linzami a ƙarƙashin fuka-fukan F-15 Eagle na Isra'ila.]]
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Hatnote/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;Python-3 ingantaccen AAM ne tare da ikon kai farmaki, saurin sauri, kewayon, da aiki. Ya yi aiki sosai kafin da kuma lokacin Yaƙin Lebanon na 1982, inda ya zira kwallaye 35 (wasu kafofin sun ce 50) kashe-kashen.&lt;ref name=&quot;python5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |archive-date=2006-07-15 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html &quot;Python-5&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html the original] on 2006-07-15.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

PLAAF ta kasar Sin ta yi farin ciki sosai da wannan makami mai linzami, kuma ta biya kudin samar da lasisi a matsayin PL-8 AAM a cikin shekarun 1980. &lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 October 2008 |title=PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |archive-date=23 January 2012 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=SinoDefence.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp &quot;PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile&quot;]. SinoDefence.com. 12 October 2008. Archived from [http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp the original] on 23 January 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;20 March&lt;/span&gt; 2012&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Lambar shirin da ake kira &quot;Number 8 Project&quot; (八号工程) kuma an fara shi ne a ranar 15 ga Satumba, 1983. Daga Maris 1988 zuwa Afrilu 1989, an kammala canja wurin fasaha zuwa China yayin da lasisi da sassan lasisi suka ci gaba, kuma a lokacin bazara na 1989, cikakken makami mai linzami na kasar Sin ya sami takardar shaidar jihar. Babban mai samar da makami mai linzami shine [[Xi'an]] Eastern Machinery Factory (西安东方机械厂) wanda ke Xi'an, kuma an kuma ruwaito cewa kasar Sin ta haɓaka tsarin gani (HMS) don PL-8.&lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot; /&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|295|cm|in}} cm (116 in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|80|cm|in}}  in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|120|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24 , mai aiki kusa fuse
* Yankin: {{Cvt|15|km|mi}}   
* Saurin: Mach 3.5

=== Python-4 ===
[[Fayil:Rafael_Python_4.jpg|thumb|Wani makami mai linzami na Python 4 a karkashin fuka-fukan F-15D Baz '957']]
Python-4 ƙarni ne na 4th AAM tare da ikon kai farmaki, da haɗin kai tare da tsarin gani (HMS). &lt;ref name=&quot;python4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-4 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060721190258/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html |archive-date=2006-07-21 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20060721190258/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html &quot;Python-4&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python4.html the original] on 2006-07-21.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ya shiga aiki a cikin shekarun 1990, kuma kamar wanda ya riga shi Python-3, an haɗa shi da tsarin HMS na Elbit Systems DASH (Nuna da Sight Helmet) don Isra'ila F-15s da F-16s, Chilean F-16s (MLU da C / D block 50/52 plus), F-5E / F Tiger III, Kfirs na Kudancin Amurka da SAAB JAS 39 Gripen. An ruwaito mai neman makami mai linzami yana amfani da fasahar fasahar band biyu mai kama da na US FIM-92 Stinger (Infrared homing da ultraviolet), tare da ikon [[IRCCM]] (IR ECCM) don rage radiation na IR don rage tasirin flares na abokan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Carlo Kopp |date=April 1997 |title=Fourth Generation AAMs – The Rafael Python 4 |url=http://www.sci.fi/~fta/python4.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925143819/http://www.sci.fi/~fta/python4.html |archive-date=2006-09-25 |publisher=Australian Aviation}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|300|cm|in}} cm (120 in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|50|cm|in}} cm (20 in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|120|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: IR
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24 , mai aiki laser kusanci fuse tare da back-up tasiri fuse
* Yankin: {{Cvt|15|km|mi}}   
* Saurin: Mach 3.5 ko fiye

=== Python-5 ===
[[Fayil:Python5_missile.jpg|thumb|Python-5, sabon memba a cikin iyalin Python na AAMs]]
[[Fayil:HAL_Tejas_(LSP-07)_firing_Python-5_missile_better_visibility.png|alt=A Python-5 AAM being fired from Indian Air Force HAL Tejas fighter during certification tests|thumb|An kori Python-5 AAM daga rundunar sojin saman Indiya HAL Tejas]]
Python-5 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 Full Sphere IR Air-to-Air or Surface-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.rafael.co.il/marketing/SIP_STORAGE/FILES/9/1189.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729222556/http://www.rafael.co.il/marketing/SIP_STORAGE/FILES/9/1189.pdf |archive-date=2016-07-29}}&lt;/ref&gt; a halin yanzu shine mafi kyawun makami mai linzami na iska zuwa iska a cikin kayan Isra'ila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=https://www.rafael.co.il/system/python5/ |access-date= |website=www.rafael.co.il}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayin gajeren Makami mai linzami daga iska zuwa iska, yana iya &quot;kulle-on bayan kaddamarwa&quot; (LOAL), kuma yana da cikakken sararin samaniya / duk hanyar (ciki har da baya). Makamin makami mai linzami yana da kai mai neman ci gaba wanda ya haɗa da mai neman wutar lantarki da kuma hotunan infrared wanda ke bincika yankin da aka yi niyya don jirgin sama mai ƙiyayya, sannan yana kulle don bin ƙarshe, da kuma ƙirar rikitarwa ta amfani da jimlar wurare goma sha takwas na iska.&lt;ref name=&quot;python5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Python-5 |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html |archive-date=2006-07-15 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20060715230748/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html &quot;Python-5&quot;]. ''www.Israeli-Weapons.com''. Archived from [http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/python/Python5.html the original] on 2006-07-15.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; An fara amfani da Python-5 a yaƙi a lokacin Yaƙin Lebanon na 2006, lokacin da F-16 Fighting Falcons suka yi amfani da shi don lalata Ababil UAVs biyu da aka yi amfani da su a Iran da [[Hezbollah]] ta yi amfani da ita. A ranar 13 ga Mayu 2021, wani F-16 na Isra'ila ya harbe wani jirgin sama mai suna Shahed wanda ke aiki da makami mai linzami na Python-5.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 May 2021 |title=Iron Dome intercepts drone during combat for first time, says Israeli military |url=https://www.defensenews.com/unmanned/2021/05/17/iron-dome-intercepts-drone-during-combat-for-first-time-says-israeli-military/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210620002841/https://www.defensenews.com/unmanned/2021/05/17/iron-dome-intercepts-drone-during-combat-for-first-time-says-israeli-military/ |archive-date=2021-06-20 |access-date=2021-05-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gross |first=Judah Ari |date=13 May 2021 |title=Footage shows IDF fighter jet shooting down 'suicide drone' launched from Gaza |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/footage-shows-idf-fighter-jet-shooting-down-suicide-drone-launched-from-gaza/ |website=[[The Times of Israel]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Trevithick |first=Joseph |date=May 13, 2021 |title=Palestinian Militants Are Now Launching Suicide Drones At Israel |url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/40601/palestinian-militants-are-now-launching-suicide-drones-at-israel |website=The Drive}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|310|cm|in}} cm (120 in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|64|cm|in}} cm (25 in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|105|kg|lb}} kg (231  
* Jagora: IR + hoton lantarki
* Warhead: {{Cvt|11|kg|lb}} kg (24  
* Yankin: &gt; {{Cvt|20|km|mi}} km (12  
* Saurin: Mach 4

== Sauran ci gaban Python ==

=== Derby ===
[[Fayil:Derby_missile.jpg|thumb|Mashin ''Derby'']]
Har ila yau an san shi da Alto, makami mai linzami na Derby shine BVR, matsakaici (~ {{Cvt|50|km|mi}}  ) mai aiki na radar homing. Kodayake a zahiri ba wani ɓangare na dangin &quot;Python&quot; ba, makami mai linzami babban nau'i ne na Python-4 tare da mai neman Radar mai aiki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Derby Beyond Visual Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/derby/Derby.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060718065607/http://www.israeli-weapons.com/weapons/missile_systems/air_missiles/derby/Derby.html |archive-date=2006-07-18 |website=www.Israeli-Weapons.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Tsawon: {{Cvt|362|cm|in}}  in) 
* Tsakanin: {{Cvt|64|cm|in}} cm (25 in) 
* Diamita: {{Cvt|16|cm|in}}  in) 
* Nauyin: {{Cvt|118|kg|lb}}   
* Jagora: Radar mai aiki
* Warhead: {{Cvt|23|kg|lb}} kg (51  
* Yankin: {{Cvt|50|km|mi}}   
* Saurin: Mach 4

==== I-Derby ER ====
A watan Yunin 2015, Rafael ya tabbatar da wanzuwar I-Derby-ER, wani nau'in Derby mai tsayi wanda ke ƙara nisan zuwa 54 nmi (mita 62; kilomita 100), bayan an yi watsi da sigar &quot;Python 6&quot; bisa ga makami mai linzami Stunner da aka harba ta sama. Don cimma babban zango, an ƙara injin roka mai ƙarfi mai bugun jini biyu, inda bugun makamashi na biyu yayin da makamin ya kusa kaiwa ga inda aka nufa ya tsawaita lokacin tashi. Hakanan yana haɗa mai nema da fuse cikin tsarin firikwensin da haɗin kai don samar da sarari ga sabon motar..

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, an ruwaito cewa Indiya tana shirin shirya mayakan Sukhoi Su-30MKI da makamai masu linzami na I-Derby ER don maye gurbin makamai masu makamai masu lanzami na R-77. A baya, a cikin 2018, an riga an zaba shi don mayaƙin HAL Tejas na Sojojin Sama na Indiya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bedi |first=Rahul |date=29 May 2019 |title=IAF plans to arm its Su-30MKI fleet with I-Derby ER BVRAAMs |url=https://www.janes.com/article/88867/iaf-plans-to-arm-its-su-30mki-fleet-with-i-derby-er-bvraams |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529175655/https://www.janes.com/article/88867/iaf-plans-to-arm-its-su-30mki-fleet-with-i-derby-er-bvraams |archive-date=2019-05-29 |website=Jane's Defence Weekly |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Hatnote/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
[[Fayil:SPYDER.jpg|thumb|SPYDER - ƙungiyar harbi mai linzami (MFU) ]]
'''S''' ('''PY''' da '''DER''') ingantaccen tsarin makami mai linzami ne wanda Rafael ya kirkira wanda ke amfani da nau'ikan makamai masu linzami na Python-5 da Derby.

== Masu aiki ==
[[Fayil:Defense.gov_News_Photo_010124-D-0000X-001.jpg|thumb|Biyu PL-8 AAMs suna bayyane a fili a kan wani kasar Sin Navy Shenyang J-8 interceptor]]

=== Masu aiki na yanzu ===

* - Shafrir-2 (makamai masu linzami 350, an kawo su 1981). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=SIPRI arms transfer database |url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513073842/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |archive-date=13 May 2011 |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=[[Stockholm International Peace Research Institute]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-3. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-3 (400 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2001), Python-4 da Derby (200 makamai masu makamai masu banƙyama kowannensu, duk an kawo 2011). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{BRA}}
* - Shafrir-2 (50 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1978), Python-3 (120 makamai masu makamai masu banƙyama, an kawo 1997), Python-4 (280 makamai masu lanƙyama, aka kawo 2011) da Derby (60 makamai masu kunƙyama, a kawo 2003). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{CHL}}
* - Python-3 (3000 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1983, sunan gida [[PL-8 (missile)|PiLi-8 (PL-8)]] ). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; [1]&lt;ref name=&quot;SINOD&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 October 2008 |title=PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile |url=http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp |archive-date=23 January 2012 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=SinoDefence.com}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120123130704/http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp &quot;PiLi-8 Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile&quot;]. SinoDefence.com. 12 October 2008. Archived from [http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/weapon/pl8.asp the original] on 23 January 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;20 March&lt;/span&gt; 2012&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;{{CHN}}
* - Shafrir-2 (makamai masu linzami 80, an kawo su 1989), Python-3/4 (makamai mai linzami 75 kowannensu, duk an kawo su 2005), Python-5 (makamai linzami 100, an kawo su 2011) da Derby (makamai lanzami 40, an kawo su 2010). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; 
* - Shafrir-2 (makamai masu linzami 75, an kawo su 1984), Python-3 / Python-4 (makamai mai linzami 60, an kawo su 1996), Python-5 (makamai linzami 50, an kawo su 2001) da Derby (makamai lanzami 60, an ba su 2003). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{ECU}}
* - Shafrir . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}&lt;/ref&gt; [yanawa da ake buƙata]  
* - Python-5 da Derby makamai masu linzami da aka kawo a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin SPYDER.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trade Registers |url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513073842/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |archive-date=2011-05-13 |access-date=2012-03-20 |website=armstrade.sipri.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{GEO}}
* - Shafrir-2 (100 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1978). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{HND}}
* - Python-4 da Python-5 (100 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2007) da kuma I-Derby ER.&lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{IND}}
* - Shafrir-1/2, Python-4 da Python-5, (mai amfani na farko, sunan gida ''Zephyr''). 
* - Python-5 da Derby tare da mai ƙarfafa roket mai ƙarfi (wani ɓangare na tsarin tsaron iska na SPYDER).  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mario Alvaro |first=Limos |date=16 May 2021 |title=Israel Is Supplying Air Defense Missiles to the Philippines |url=https://id.summitmedia.com.ph?d=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.esquiremag.ph%2Fpolitics%2Fnews%2Fisrael-supplying-air-defense-missiles-philippines-a00293-20210516 |access-date= |website=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nepomuceno |first=Priam |date=30 December 2022 |title=Yearender: AFP ends 2022 with anti-air missile capability |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1191493 |access-date= |website=www.pna.gov.ph |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-3. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Python-4 (600 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2004) da Python-5 da Derby makamai masu makamai masu banƙyama.&lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; Ya zuwa 2023, ana amfani da Python-V a kan mayakan RSAF F-16C / D +.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Singapore Air Force upgraded F-16C/D+ fighter now armed with Python-5 air-to-air missiles |url=https://airrecognition.com/index.php/news/defense-aviation-news/2023-news-aviation-aerospace/september/9213-singapore-air-force-upgraded-f-16c-d-fighter-now-armed-with-python-5-air-to-air-missiles.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* - Shafrir-2 (450 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 1977). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; 
* - Python-4 (400-500 makamai masu linzami, an kawo su 1990). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt; 
* - Python-4 (54 makamai masu linzami, an kawo 2004). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{VEN}}
* - Python-5 da Derby (makamai masu linzami 375 kowannensu, an kawo 2018 a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin SPYDER). &lt;ref name=&quot;SIPRI&quot; /&gt;{{VNM}}

=== Tsoffin masu aiki ===

* - Python-3 (sunan yankin V3S Snake, an kawo shi a 1989 kuma ya yi ritaya a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2008), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=V3S Snake (Rafael Python 3) |url=http://www.saairforce.co.za/the-airforce/weapons/68/v3s-snake-rafael-python-3 |access-date=20 March 2012 |publisher=South African Air Force unofficial website}}&lt;/ref&gt; Derby (sunan yanki a matsayin R-Darter ko V4). 

=== Masu aiki na gaba ===

* - I-Derby ER (48 makamai masu linzami, an kawo su ta 2027). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gosselin-Malo |first=Elisabeth |date=2023-10-27 |title=Czech Republic orders new batch of air-to-air missiles from Rafael |url=https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2023/10/27/czech-republic-orders-new-batch-of-air-to-air-missiles-from-rafael/ |access-date=2023-10-27 |website=Defense News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Dubi kuma ==

* Jerin makamai da Sojojin Sama na Isra'ila suka yi amfani da su
* AIM-9 Sidewinder - (Amurka) 
* IRIS-T - (Jamus, Italiya, Sweden, Girka) 
* Merlin  (Turkey
* ASRAAM - (United Kingdom) 
* R-73 - (Soviet Union) 

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Masallacin Lima</title>
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    <id>151887</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838677</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T07:01:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
        <id>22698</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1316076450|Mosque of Lima]]&quot;</comment>
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'''[[Masallaci]] [[Lima]]''' (Spanish), wanda aka fi sani da '''Masallacin Magdalena del Mar''', masallaci ne a Lima, [[Peru]] .  An gina shi a cikin yankunan a wani babban gida a cikin 1986 ta Al'ummar Palasdinawa a cikin gundumar Magdalena del Mar ta birnin. Masallacin yana buɗewa ga jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;Correo&quot; /&gt;

== Tarihi ==
A shekara ta 1986 Miguel Abdalá Hamideh, ɗan kasuwa na [[Ƙasar Falasɗinu|Palasdinawa]], ya ba da gudummawar gidansa ga Al'ummar musulmi a Peru waɗanda suka ga hotunansa ya shafi ayyukan rikici na Larabawa da Isra'ila, a lokaci guda kuma don samar da buɗewa ga 'yan gudun hijirar Palasdinawa da suka isa Lima.

Ƙungiyar Musulunci ta Peru, wadda ta jagoranci masallacin, ta sanar tsakanin shekarun 2000 da 2010 cewa tana shirin gina babban masallaci a wannan gundumar ta Magdalena del Mar, tunda adadin masu imani ya riga ya kai dubu biyu, tsakanin baƙi ('yan gudun hijira da masu yawon buɗe ido daga [[Duniyar Musulunci|Duniyar Musulunci)]]  da masu tuba na Peruvian, mafi yawansu daga reshen Sunni. 

Musulmai da ke kin amincewa da duk wani aiki na jihadi ko kyamar Musulunci galibi suna amfani da masallacin a matsayin wurin zanga-zanga.

A ranar 14 ga Mayu, 2019, masallacin ya kasance wurin taron Interreligious Council tsakanin ikilisiyoyin addinai da yawa da ke zaune tare a Peru. 

== Bayani na gaba ɗaya ==
Masallacin yana a tsakiya na titunan Tacna da Alfonso Ugarte, 'yan kilomita daga Cocin Immaculate Heart of Mary . 

Gidansa bai yi kama da na [[Masallaci]] Asiya ba, don haka mutane da yawa ba sa amfani da kalmar &quot;masjid&quot; don bayyana haikalin. Cikinta yana da [[Musalla|musallas]] daban-daban ga mata da maza, cike da kafet don addu'a zuwa [[Makkah|Makka]], Saudi Arabia.

Shi ne babban wurin al'ummar musulmi a Peru, shi ne wurin bikin Ramadan kuma shi ne babban hedkwatar kungiyar Musulunci ta Peru.

== Dubi kuma ==
 

* Musulunci a Peru
* Jerin masallatai a Amurka
* Larabawa Peruvians

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838678</id>
      <parentid>838677</parentid>
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        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
        <id>22698</id>
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      <text bytes="2002" sha1="ls8flcpyfsvnfz9by6hl32oejeh44jc" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
 

'''[[Masallaci]] [[Lima]]''' (Spanish), wanda aka fi sani da '''Masallacin Magdalena del Mar''', masallaci ne a Lima, [[Peru]] .  An gina shi a cikin yankunan a wani babban gida a cikin 1986 ta Al'ummar Palasdinawa a cikin gundumar Magdalena del Mar ta birnin. Masallacin yana buɗewa ga jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;Correo&quot; /&gt;

== Tarihi ==
A shekara ta 1986 Miguel Abdalá Hamideh, ɗan kasuwa na [[Ƙasar Falasɗinu|Palasdinawa]], ya ba da gudummawar gidansa ga Al'ummar musulmi a Peru waɗanda suka ga hotunansa ya shafi ayyukan rikici na Larabawa da Isra'ila, a lokaci guda kuma don samar da buɗewa ga 'yan gudun hijirar Palasdinawa da suka isa Lima.

Ƙungiyar Musulunci ta Peru, wadda ta jagoranci masallacin, ta sanar tsakanin shekarun 2000 da 2010 cewa tana shirin gina babban masallaci a wannan gundumar ta Magdalena del Mar, tunda adadin masu imani ya riga ya kai dubu biyu, tsakanin baƙi ('yan gudun hijira da masu yawon buɗe ido daga [[Duniyar Musulunci|Duniyar Musulunci)]]  da masu tuba na Peruvian, mafi yawansu daga reshen Sunni. 

Musulmai da ke kin amincewa da duk wani aiki na jihadi ko kyamar Musulunci galibi suna amfani da masallacin a matsayin wurin zanga-zanga.

A ranar 14 ga Mayu, 2019, masallacin ya kasance wurin taron Interreligious Council tsakanin ikilisiyoyin addinai da yawa da ke zaune tare a Peru. 

== Bayani na gaba ɗaya ==
Masallacin yana a tsakiya na titunan Tacna da Alfonso Ugarte, 'yan kilomita daga Cocin Immaculate Heart of Mary . 

Gidansa bai yi kama da na [[Masallaci]] Asiya ba, don haka mutane da yawa ba sa amfani da kalmar &quot;masjid&quot; don bayyana haikalin. Cikinta yana da [[Musalla|musallas]] daban-daban ga mata da maza, cike da kafet don addu'a zuwa [[Makkah|Makka]], Saudi Arabia.

Shi ne babban wurin al'ummar musulmi a Peru, shi ne wurin bikin Ramadan kuma shi ne babban hedkwatar kungiyar Musulunci ta Peru.

== Dubi kuma ==
 

* Musulunci a Peru
* Jerin masallatai a Amurka
* Larabawa Peruvians

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>ls8flcpyfsvnfz9by6hl32oejeh44jc</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Iyali Sammuel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151888</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838679</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T08:03:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Upgirlie</username>
        <id>37758</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Farawa</comment>
      <origin>838679</origin>
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      <text bytes="192" sha1="b5stx5n2ebkzq5o7h0gv70irne4d51c" xml:space="preserve">'''Iyalin Sammuel''' wani  iyalin Krioli limamai Ibrahimi da ake girmamawa. Wanna Iyali ta yin fitowa daga shiga masu Bature zuwa cikin kogin Najeria Delta wanda an fara a kaman shekarau 1600.</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838680</id>
      <parentid>838679</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T08:22:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Upgirlie</username>
        <id>37758</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>including formation of new loan words like androjiniyya (androgyny or androgynous) into Hausa language. I wrote this article using my previous knowledge of the Hausa language and mine is pidgin Hausa so it might be unintelligible.</comment>
      <origin>838680</origin>
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      <text bytes="580" sha1="77gzpzihdsbdrd97phy0yl9of7cg7ba" xml:space="preserve">'''Iyalin Sammuel''' wani  iyalin Krioli limamai Ibrahimi da ake girmamawa. Wanna Iyali ta yin fitowa daga shigawa masu Bature zuwa cikin kogin Najeriya Delta wanda an fara a kaman shekarau 1600.
Daga shigawa masu Bature zuwa cikin Najeriya Delta an haife wani mata androjiniyya da an rubutuwa sunan ta wei Akporaro Samuel, da aka kira ko sani kuma kama Sista. A. Sammuel. Wanna mata androjiniyya bata son wanna sunan ta amma domin wani polisi Najeriya wanda yin priventin aidentiti froud, wanna mata bata iya yi daban suna ta amma ta iya yin suna iyalin ta ya zama '''Sammuel'''.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Joseph Dosu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151889</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838681</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:13:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344793421|Joseph Dosu]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Joseph Dosu''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Yuni 1973) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] .  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dosu Joseph backs Dessers to be given another Nigeria opportunity {{!}} Goal.com Nigeria |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/dosu-joseph-backs-dessers-to-be-given-another-nigeria-opportunity/blt1f90ca9a50940d57 |access-date=6 April 2023 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-NG}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kulob ==
Dosu ya taimaka wa Julius Berger lashe Kofin FA na Najeriya a watan Nuwamban 1996, ta hanyar ajiye kwallo a raga a wasan karshe da Katsina United . Aikinsa ya ƙare ba zato ba tsammani bayan wani mummunan hatsarin mota a Legas a 1997, wanda ya kusan sa shi gurgunta.

Bayan gasar Olympics ta 1996, Dosu ya rattaba hannu da kulob din Reggiana na Serie A. Ya kasa yin tasiri a [[Italiya]] kuma an tilasta masa yin ritaya yana da shekaru 23, saboda hatsarin mota da ya kawo karshen rayuwarsa. 

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Shi ne kawai ɗan wasan da ke buga wasa a gida da aka saka a cikin ƙungiyar Olympics ta Najeriya ta 1996, inda duk da cewa shi ne ɗan wasan da bai fi ƙwarewa a cikin masu tsaron gida uku ba, ya ƙare a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko da ƙungiyar ta zaɓa.  Bayan ya lashe lambar zinare tare da [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Super Eagles]] a gasar Olympics ta 1996, ya ci gaba da buga wasanni uku na ƙasa da ƙasa ga Najeriya.  Wasan share fagen shiga [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA]] ta Nuwamba 1996 da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]], wanda Super Eagles ta ci 2-0 a Lagos. Wasan sada zumunci da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|Morocco]] a Disamba 1996, inda ya ci gaba da kare ƙwallo, da kuma wasan share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA da Kenya a Janairu 1997. Wasan da ya buga da Kenya wanda ya ƙare da kunnen doki 1-1, shi ne wasansa na ƙarshe ga Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{FIFA player|156905}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin koyarwa ==
Ya fara aikinsa na koyarwa a shekarar 2009 a matsayin Babban Koci a [[Westerlo Football Academy|Kwalejin Kwallon Kafa ta Westerlo]] da ke Legas. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>838682</id>
      <parentid>838681</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:14:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
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      <origin>838682</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2288" sha1="jkeauccpbazma66et2zad5t3nkknl51" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Joseph Dosu''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Yuni 1973) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] .  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dosu Joseph backs Dessers to be given another Nigeria opportunity {{!}} Goal.com Nigeria |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/dosu-joseph-backs-dessers-to-be-given-another-nigeria-opportunity/blt1f90ca9a50940d57 |access-date=6 April 2023 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-NG}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kulob ==
Dosu ya taimaka wa Julius Berger lashe Kofin FA na Najeriya a watan Nuwamban 1996, ta hanyar ajiye kwallo a raga a wasan karshe da Katsina United . Aikinsa ya ƙare ba zato ba tsammani bayan wani mummunan hatsarin mota a Legas a 1997, wanda ya kusan sa shi gurgunta.

Bayan gasar Olympics ta 1996, Dosu ya rattaba hannu da kulob din Reggiana na Serie A. Ya kasa yin tasiri a [[Italiya]] kuma an tilasta masa yin ritaya yana da shekaru 23, saboda hatsarin mota da ya kawo karshen rayuwarsa. 

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Shi ne kawai ɗan wasan da ke buga wasa a gida da aka saka a cikin ƙungiyar Olympics ta Najeriya ta 1996, inda duk da cewa shi ne ɗan wasan da bai fi ƙwarewa a cikin masu tsaron gida uku ba, ya ƙare a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko da ƙungiyar ta zaɓa.  Bayan ya lashe lambar zinare tare da [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Super Eagles]] a gasar Olympics ta 1996, ya ci gaba da buga wasanni uku na ƙasa da ƙasa ga Najeriya.  Wasan share fagen shiga [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA]] ta Nuwamba 1996 da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]], wanda Super Eagles ta ci 2-0 a Lagos. Wasan sada zumunci da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|Morocco]] a Disamba 1996, inda ya ci gaba da kare ƙwallo, da kuma wasan share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA da Kenya a Janairu 1997. Wasan da ya buga da Kenya wanda ya ƙare da kunnen doki 1-1, shi ne wasansa na ƙarshe ga Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{FIFA player|156905}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin koyarwa ==
Ya fara aikinsa na koyarwa a shekarar 2009 a matsayin Babban Koci a [[Westerlo Football Academy|Kwalejin Kwallon Kafa ta Westerlo]] da ke Legas. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Godwin Iwelumo</title>
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    <id>151890</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838683</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:15:04Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1337700719|Godwin Iwelumo]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838683</origin>
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'''Godwin Iwelumo''' tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne a [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya]] (1978) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FIFA Player Statistics: Godwin Iwelumo |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=51347/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914071503/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player%3D51347/index.html |archive-date=14 September 2012 |access-date=13 June 2012 |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma [[ACB Lagos]] . A halin yanzu yana gudanar da makarantar horar da [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta kansa a yankin Lake Norman kusa da Mooresville, North Carolina, Amurka.

Ya kuma horar da ƙwallon ƙafa ta makarantar sakandare ta Hendersonville a Hendersonville, Tennessee .

Iwelumo ya ci wa Najeriya kwallo a wasansa na farko, inda ya ci 7-0 a wasan sada zumunci da Benin a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 1977. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Solaja, Kunle |date=10 February 2011 |title=Ehiosun is 58th scoring debutant |url=http://www.supersport.com/football/article.aspx?Id=396517 |publisher=Supersport.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>glerr4wzkgr65cuwkxw6y743gusxx33</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838684</id>
      <parentid>838683</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:15:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838684</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1247" sha1="jj6bdlzaxd2f0kv3pnjjjb37f4tuusy" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Godwin Iwelumo''' tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne a [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya]] (1978) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FIFA Player Statistics: Godwin Iwelumo |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=51347/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914071503/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player%3D51347/index.html |archive-date=14 September 2012 |access-date=13 June 2012 |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma [[ACB Lagos]] . A halin yanzu yana gudanar da makarantar horar da [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta kansa a yankin Lake Norman kusa da Mooresville, North Carolina, Amurka.

Ya kuma horar da ƙwallon ƙafa ta makarantar sakandare ta Hendersonville a Hendersonville, Tennessee .

Iwelumo ya ci wa Najeriya kwallo a wasansa na farko, inda ya ci 7-0 a wasan sada zumunci da Benin a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 1977. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Solaja, Kunle |date=10 February 2011 |title=Ehiosun is 58th scoring debutant |url=http://www.supersport.com/football/article.aspx?Id=396517 |publisher=Supersport.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>jj6bdlzaxd2f0kv3pnjjjb37f4tuusy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Manasseh Ishiaku</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151891</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838685</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:16:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354531779|Manasseh Ishiaku]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838685</origin>
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'''Manasseh Ishiaku''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Janairu 1983) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date= |title=Ishiaku, Manasseh |url=http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/1-bundesliga/2011-12/vereinslos-0/32523/spieler_manasseh-ishiaku.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921134440/http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/1-bundesliga/2011-12/vereinslos-0/32523/spieler_manasseh-ishiaku.html |archive-date=21 September 2011 |access-date=20 January 2012 |publisher=[[kicker (sports magazine)|kicker]] |language=German}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A lokacin da yake La Louvière, ya taimaka musu lashe Kofin Belgium na 2002-03, inda ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan ƙarshe. [1] Shekaru huɗu bayan haka ya zira ƙwallon da ta yi nasara a wasan ƙarshe na wannan gasar, a wannan karon ga Club Brugge . [2]

== Daraja ==
'''La Louvière'''

* Kofin Belgium : 2002–03

'''Club Brugge'''

* Kofin Super Cup na Belgium : 2005 
* Kofin Belgium : 2006–07

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]]</text>
      <sha1>7soped4thbtgc8wid5x1j9vzfzuyypc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838686</id>
      <parentid>838685</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:16:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838686</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1170" sha1="on9zbhbk8oudndlr3o6lwfqyfn8wf8f" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Manasseh Ishiaku''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Janairu 1983) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date= |title=Ishiaku, Manasseh |url=http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/1-bundesliga/2011-12/vereinslos-0/32523/spieler_manasseh-ishiaku.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921134440/http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/1-bundesliga/2011-12/vereinslos-0/32523/spieler_manasseh-ishiaku.html |archive-date=21 September 2011 |access-date=20 January 2012 |publisher=[[kicker (sports magazine)|kicker]] |language=German}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A lokacin da yake La Louvière, ya taimaka musu lashe Kofin Belgium na 2002-03, inda ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan ƙarshe. [1] Shekaru huɗu bayan haka ya zira ƙwallon da ta yi nasara a wasan ƙarshe na wannan gasar, a wannan karon ga Club Brugge . [2]

== Daraja ==
'''La Louvière'''

* Kofin Belgium : 2002–03

'''Club Brugge'''

* Kofin Super Cup na Belgium : 2005 
* Kofin Belgium : 2006–07

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]]</text>
      <sha1>on9zbhbk8oudndlr3o6lwfqyfn8wf8f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wasiu Ipaye</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151892</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838687</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:16:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1278666643|Wasiu Ipaye]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838687</origin>
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'''Wasiu Ipaye''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Yuli 1968) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya. Ya buga wasanni uku a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Najeriya daga 1989 zuwa 1995. [1] An kuma sanya shi cikin tawagar Najeriya a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1990. [2]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1968]]</text>
      <sha1>3ilcpjy75qo11h5aofx6pjmd2g8eme6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838688</id>
      <parentid>838687</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:17:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1278666643|Wasiu Ipaye]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838688</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="419" sha1="g1h0y8ck2z850ne4l76x4inpv44n7nv" xml:space="preserve">
'''Wasiu Ipaye''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Yuli 1968) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya. Ya buga wasanni uku a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Najeriya daga 1989 zuwa 1995. [1] An kuma sanya shi cikin tawagar Najeriya a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1990. [2]&lt;ref&gt;Wasiu Ipaye&quot;. ''National Football Teams''. Retrieved 3 May 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1968]]</text>
      <sha1>g1h0y8ck2z850ne4l76x4inpv44n7nv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838689</id>
      <parentid>838688</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:17:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838689</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="430" sha1="2djkp8ng3qbgyz0raisvbzk5n5gw7yb" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Wasiu Ipaye''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Yuli 1968) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya. Ya buga wasanni uku a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Najeriya daga 1989 zuwa 1995. [1] An kuma sanya shi cikin tawagar Najeriya a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1990. [2]&lt;ref&gt;Wasiu Ipaye&quot;. ''National Football Teams''. Retrieved 3 May 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1968]]</text>
      <sha1>2djkp8ng3qbgyz0raisvbzk5n5gw7yb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Emilio John</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151893</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838691</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:18:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325405634|Emilio John]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838691</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2051" sha1="j5nqahxax8ltx6l8vxkqsw1tb45ebtt" xml:space="preserve">
'''Emilio John''' ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya mai ritaya. Ya buga wasa a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka inda ya lashe kyautar gwarzon shekara ta 1978, da kuma gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta cikin gida ta Major Indoor Soccer League . Haka kuma ya kasance memba na [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Najeriya]] .

== Sana'a ==
John ya halarci Jami'ar Quincy, inda ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza daga 1974 zuwa 1977. A wannan shekarar, Quincy ya lashe gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta NAIA a shekarun 1974, 1975 da 1977, kuma John ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a ƙungiyar Amurka a shekarar 1977. [1] Ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1978. [2]

A shekarar 1978, John ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Sacramento Gold of the American Soccer League . An ba shi lambar yabo ta Rookie of the Year. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Year in American Soccer - 1978 |url=http://homepages.sover.net/~spectrum/year/1978.html#ASL |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217025808/http://homepages.sover.net/~spectrum/year/1978.html#ASL |archive-date=17 February 2015 |access-date=2018-05-14 |website=homepages.sover.net}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 1979, ya koma ƙungiyar New Jersey Americans . Daga nan ya buga wa ƙungiyar St. Louis Steamers da Kansas City Comets na babbar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta cikin gida . Ya kuma buga wa ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya da ta ƙasa. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;  &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

Lokacin da John ya yi ritaya daga wasa, ya ci gaba da zama a Kansas City, ya zama likitan gyaran jiki, kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa ta Attack. A shekarar 1985, ya sami digiri na biyu daga Jami'ar Kansas a fannin Gudanar da Ayyukan Lafiya. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1950]]</text>
      <sha1>j5nqahxax8ltx6l8vxkqsw1tb45ebtt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838692</id>
      <parentid>838691</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:18:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838692</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2062" sha1="lbb8ig6kndiv2p8oipxwtbf7vkivl9o" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Emilio John''' ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya mai ritaya. Ya buga wasa a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka inda ya lashe kyautar gwarzon shekara ta 1978, da kuma gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta cikin gida ta Major Indoor Soccer League . Haka kuma ya kasance memba na [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Najeriya]] .

== Sana'a ==
John ya halarci Jami'ar Quincy, inda ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza daga 1974 zuwa 1977. A wannan shekarar, Quincy ya lashe gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta NAIA a shekarun 1974, 1975 da 1977, kuma John ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a ƙungiyar Amurka a shekarar 1977. [1] Ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1978. [2]

A shekarar 1978, John ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Sacramento Gold of the American Soccer League . An ba shi lambar yabo ta Rookie of the Year. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Year in American Soccer - 1978 |url=http://homepages.sover.net/~spectrum/year/1978.html#ASL |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217025808/http://homepages.sover.net/~spectrum/year/1978.html#ASL |archive-date=17 February 2015 |access-date=2018-05-14 |website=homepages.sover.net}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 1979, ya koma ƙungiyar New Jersey Americans . Daga nan ya buga wa ƙungiyar St. Louis Steamers da Kansas City Comets na babbar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta cikin gida . Ya kuma buga wa ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya da ta ƙasa. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;  &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

Lokacin da John ya yi ritaya daga wasa, ya ci gaba da zama a Kansas City, ya zama likitan gyaran jiki, kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa ta Attack. A shekarar 1985, ya sami digiri na biyu daga Jami'ar Kansas a fannin Gudanar da Ayyukan Lafiya. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1950]]</text>
      <sha1>lbb8ig6kndiv2p8oipxwtbf7vkivl9o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Solomon Jabason</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151894</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838693</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:19:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1294313903|Solomon Jabason]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838693</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="191" sha1="7qvhte7f6n6r65bg6t3bs9t6nqpn0jj" xml:space="preserve">
'''Solomon Jabason''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Disamba 1991) ɗan wasan tsakiya ne na ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya. [1]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]]</text>
      <sha1>7qvhte7f6n6r65bg6t3bs9t6nqpn0jj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838694</id>
      <parentid>838693</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:20:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1294313903|Solomon Jabason]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838694</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="248" sha1="08tvrv0ostocqix282ol5ua50a9cx16" xml:space="preserve">
'''Solomon Jabason''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Disamba 1991) ɗan wasan tsakiya ne na ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya. [1]&lt;ref&gt;Solomon Jabason at National-Football-Teams.com&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]]</text>
      <sha1>08tvrv0ostocqix282ol5ua50a9cx16</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838695</id>
      <parentid>838694</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:20:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838695</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="259" sha1="mkcs84fuh6ekuxyyynrrnw8x7hn1teh" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Solomon Jabason''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Disamba 1991) ɗan wasan tsakiya ne na ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya. [1]&lt;ref&gt;Solomon Jabason at National-Football-Teams.com&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]]</text>
      <sha1>mkcs84fuh6ekuxyyynrrnw8x7hn1teh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Furo Iyenemi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151895</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838696</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:21:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354660015|Furo Iyenemi]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838696</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2195" sha1="b13rpz5w6vw2lwdtqjv7m8mzxr1uaex" xml:space="preserve">
'''Furo Iyenemi'''   (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Yuli 1978) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|na Najeriya]] mai ritaya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya]] ga ƙungiyoyi a Faransa, Belgium, Switzerland da Girka.

== Aikin kulob ==
An haifi Iyenemi a [[Okrika]], ya koma Faransa kuma ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar ajiye ta [[Paris Saint-Germain]] a shekarar 1995. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da ƙungiyar Belgian Pro League KSV Waregem a shekarar 1997. Ya sami takardar zama ɗan ƙasar Belgium sannan ya koma ƙungiyar FC Sion ta Switzerland .

A watan Janairun 2003, Iyenemi ya koma ƙungiyar Akratitos FC ta Super League ta Girka, inda ya buga wasanni 7 kafin ya bar ƙungiyar. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mastrogiannopoulos, Alexander |date=21 March 2004 |title=Greece 2002/03 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesg/grk03.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127122514/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesg/grk03.html |archive-date=27 January 2010 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Iyenemi ya buga wa Najeriya wasa a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2000 da aka yi a Sydney . [1] Ya jagoranci tawagar yayin da suka kai zagaye na takwas na gasar. [2]

Iyenemi ya buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya]] wasa a gasar [[Gasar Kofin Kasashen Afrika ta 2000|cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2000]], inda ya buga wasanni biyar yayin da Najeriya ta kammala matsayi na biyu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Courtney, Barrie |last2=Stokkermans, Karel |date=9 July 2009 |title=African Nations Cup 2000 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tables/00a.html |website=[[RSSSF]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
Ɗansa, Kaye Furo, yana buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru a Belgium a ƙungiyar Club Brugge KV . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 12, 2022 |title=Kaye Furo the son of Iyenemi Furo off the mark for Club Brugge U19 in UYL |url=https://sportsration.com/kaye-furo-the-son-of-iyenemi-furo-off-the-mark-for-club-brugge-u19-in-uyl/ |access-date=31 August 2025 |website=Sportsration.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]]</text>
      <sha1>b13rpz5w6vw2lwdtqjv7m8mzxr1uaex</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838697</id>
      <parentid>838696</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:21:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sardeeq</username>
        <id>39275</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838697</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2206" sha1="4cvoa46mqf618k6n4dunpx76s5j5n5e" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Furo Iyenemi'''   (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Yuli 1978) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|na Najeriya]] mai ritaya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya]] ga ƙungiyoyi a Faransa, Belgium, Switzerland da Girka.

== Aikin kulob ==
An haifi Iyenemi a [[Okrika]], ya koma Faransa kuma ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar ajiye ta [[Paris Saint-Germain]] a shekarar 1995. Ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da ƙungiyar Belgian Pro League KSV Waregem a shekarar 1997. Ya sami takardar zama ɗan ƙasar Belgium sannan ya koma ƙungiyar FC Sion ta Switzerland .

A watan Janairun 2003, Iyenemi ya koma ƙungiyar Akratitos FC ta Super League ta Girka, inda ya buga wasanni 7 kafin ya bar ƙungiyar. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mastrogiannopoulos, Alexander |date=21 March 2004 |title=Greece 2002/03 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesg/grk03.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127122514/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesg/grk03.html |archive-date=27 January 2010 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
Iyenemi ya buga wa Najeriya wasa a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2000 da aka yi a Sydney . [1] Ya jagoranci tawagar yayin da suka kai zagaye na takwas na gasar. [2]

Iyenemi ya buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya]] wasa a gasar [[Gasar Kofin Kasashen Afrika ta 2000|cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2000]], inda ya buga wasanni biyar yayin da Najeriya ta kammala matsayi na biyu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Courtney, Barrie |last2=Stokkermans, Karel |date=9 July 2009 |title=African Nations Cup 2000 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tables/00a.html |website=[[RSSSF]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
Ɗansa, Kaye Furo, yana buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru a Belgium a ƙungiyar Club Brugge KV . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 12, 2022 |title=Kaye Furo the son of Iyenemi Furo off the mark for Club Brugge U19 in UYL |url=https://sportsration.com/kaye-furo-the-son-of-iyenemi-furo-off-the-mark-for-club-brugge-u19-in-uyl/ |access-date=31 August 2025 |website=Sportsration.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]]</text>
      <sha1>4cvoa46mqf618k6n4dunpx76s5j5n5e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Masallacin Jinn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151896</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838730</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:48:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
        <id>22698</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1300440468|Mosque of the Jinn]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Masallacin Jinn''' (Arabic: مسجد الجنّ, romanized: Masjid al-Jinn)&lt;ref name=&quot;ghalib&quot;&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; masallacin sunna ne [[Masallaci|Masallacin Musulmai]] , ya garin [[Makkah|makka]], [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]], kusa da Jannat al-Mu'alla. Anfisanin masallacin da sunnan '''Mosque of Allegiance'''&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt; near Jannat al-Mu'alla. It is also known as the '''Mosque of Allegiance'''&lt;ref name=&quot;hajinfo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Masjid Al-Jinn |url=http://www.hajinformation.com/main/m9506.htm |access-date=27 May 2017 |publisher=Ministry of Hajj}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the '''Mosque of Guards'''&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt; (Arabic: مسجد الحرس, romanized: Masjid al-Ḥaras) because the city's guards would patrol up to that point.&lt;ref name=&quot;ghalib&quot; /&gt;

An gina masallacin ne a wurin da aka ce wani rukuni na jinn sun taru wata dare don jin karatun wani ɓangare na [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]] ta [[Muhammad|Muhammadu]]. Muhammad daga baya ya sadu da waɗannan shugabannin jinn kuma ya yarda da rungumar Islama da ''[[bay'ah]]'' (alamu na aminci) a gare shi.&lt;ref name=&quot;jamesr&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt; An ambaci lamarin a [[Al-Jinn|babi na al-Jinn]] na Alkur'ani.&lt;ref name=&quot;skhan&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt;

Masallacin an dauke shi daya daga cikin tsofaffi a Makka kuma yana daya daga cikin manyan masallatai da aka ziyarta a cikin birni.

== Dubi kuma ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Stack/styles.css&quot; /&gt; 

* [[Musulunci a Saudiyya|Musulunci a Saudi Arabia]]
* [[Jerin masallatai a Saudi Arabia]]

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>ap3lqlj7npdrggywlu6g56rvlouu6vh</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838732</id>
      <parentid>838730</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T09:49:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
        <id>22698</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838732</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1590" sha1="0rgnxeohis4dmw660dt77iam5twtdnh" xml:space="preserve">
 {{Databox}}

'''Masallacin Jinn''' (Arabic: مسجد الجنّ, romanized: Masjid al-Jinn)&lt;ref name=&quot;ghalib&quot;&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; masallacin sunna ne [[Masallaci|Masallacin Musulmai]] , ya garin [[Makkah|makka]], [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]], kusa da Jannat al-Mu'alla. Anfisanin masall,daacin da sunnan '''Mosque of Allegiance'''&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt; near Jannat al-Mu'alla. It is also known as the '''Mosque of Allegiance'''&lt;ref name=&quot;hajinfo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Masjid Al-Jinn |url=http://www.hajinformation.com/main/m9506.htm |access-date=27 May 2017 |publisher=Ministry of Hajj}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the '''Mosque of Guards'''&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt; (Arabic: مسجد الحرس, romanized: Masjid al-Ḥaras) because the city's guards would patrol up to that point.&lt;ref name=&quot;ghalib&quot; /&gt;

An gina masallacin ne a wurin da aka ce wani rukuni na jinn sun taru wata dare don jin karatun wani ɓangare na [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]] ta [[Muhammad|Muhammadu]]. Muhammad daga baya ya sadu da waɗannan shugabannin jinn kuma ya yarda da rungumar Islama da ''[[bay'ah]]'' (alamu na aminci) a gare shi.&lt;ref name=&quot;jamesr&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt; An ambaci lamarin a [[Al-Jinn|babi na al-Jinn]] na Alkur'ani.&lt;ref name=&quot;skhan&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt;

Masallacin an dauke shi daya daga cikin tsofaffi a Makka kuma yana daya daga cikin manyan masallatai da aka ziyarta a cikin birni.

== Dubi kuma ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Stack/styles.css&quot; /&gt; 

* [[Musulunci a Saudiyya|Musulunci a Saudi Arabia]]
* [[Jerin masallatai a Saudi Arabia]]

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>0rgnxeohis4dmw660dt77iam5twtdnh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>U.S. Route 23</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151897</id>
    <revision>
      <id>838748</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T10:13:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
        <id>23935</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ƙirƙira ta hanyar buɗe sashe daga shafi &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1335218912|U.S. Route 23]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>838748</origin>
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      <text bytes="122" sha1="favmoedg6iv6g5xhdy3swwl7vibkwtk" xml:space="preserve">Hanya ce ta asali ta 1926 wadda ta fara isa kudu kawai har zuwa [[Portsmouth, Ohio]], kuma tun daga lokacin aka fadada ta.</text>
      <sha1>favmoedg6iv6g5xhdy3swwl7vibkwtk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838749</id>
      <parentid>838748</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T10:14:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
        <id>23935</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838749</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="134" sha1="0eafa373urli28gah6gmj22nylcbpxq" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
Hanya ce ta asali ta 1926 wadda ta fara isa kudu kawai har zuwa [[Portsmouth, Ohio]], kuma tun daga lokacin aka fadada ta.</text>
      <sha1>0eafa373urli28gah6gmj22nylcbpxq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>838750</id>
      <parentid>838749</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T10:15:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummun Sultan</username>
        <id>23935</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>838750</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="147" sha1="957syq9b03aus8q9yihg2bap440fxi9" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
Hanya ce ta asali ta 1926 wadda ta fara isa kudu kawai har zuwa Portsmouth, Ohio, kuma tun daga lokacin aka faɗaɗa ta.

==Manazarta==</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Abiodun Obafemi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151898</id>
    <redirect title="Abiodun Olugbemiga Obafemi" />
    <revision>
      <id>838755</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-21T11:04:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibn baaz</username>
        <id>28481</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ibn baaz moved page [[Abiodun Obafemi]] to [[Abiodun Olugbemiga Obafemi]]</comment>
      <origin>838755</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="40" sha1="87ol6r8to6ao1ax5lnddh3cr1temwh8" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Abiodun Olugbemiga Obafemi]]</text>
      <sha1>87ol6r8to6ao1ax5lnddh3cr1temwh8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
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