Wikipedia hawiki https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babban_shafi MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.4 first-letter Midiya Musamman Tattaunawa User Tattaunawar user Wikipedia Tattaunawar Wikipedia Fayil Tattaunawar fayil MediaWiki Tattaunawar MediaWiki Samfuri Tattaunawar samfuri Taimako Tattaunawar taimako Rukuni Tattaunawar rukuni TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 4307 843141 732140 2026-05-30T06:46:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843141 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Kofar Nasarawa - Kano City Gate.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Hawan nasarawa 4.jpg|thumb|Bikin sallahhawan nasarawa]][[File:Masaka market nassarawa.jpg|thumb]][[File:Hawan nasarawa 3.jpg|thumb|Hawan_nasarawa_3]] [[File:Hawan nasarawa1.jpg|thumb|Hawan_nasarawa_1]] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.population.gov.ng/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2025-06-22 |archive-date=2025-05-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250517030017/http://population.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>'''Nasarawa''' Ƙaramar hukuma ce a [[Jihar Kano]], [[Nijeriya]]. Tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan birane na Jihar Kano, sannan kuma Nasarawa na ɗaya daga cikin manyan gurare masu tarin ma'aikatun gwamnatin [[Jihar Kano|Jihar Kano.]] Cibiyar karamar hukumar Nasarawa na nan a garin Bompai, Kano.<ref>"Ana ce-ce-ku-ce kan batun rusa gadar Kofar Nasarawa a Kano". ''BBC News Hausa'' (in Hausa). Retrieved 2021-07-24.</ref><ref>https://www.kanostate.gov.ng/</ref><ref>https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/571/nasarawa</ref><ref>https://nigerianleaders.com/list-of-local-government-areas-in-kano-state-and-their-chairmen/</ref><ref>https://xplorer.ng/kano/kano-state-population-by-local-government-area/</ref><ref>https://mapcarta.com/Nassarawa</ref><ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/800541-unicef-raises-alarm-over-polio-variant-in-kano-lgas.html</ref> Ƙaramar hukumar Nasarawa na da girman dayakai kimanin 34 km² tare da yawan jama'a mutum 678,669 dangane da kidayar shekara ta 2006. Tana da lamban wasika kamar haka 700.<ref>"Post Offices- with map of LGA". NIPOST. Archived from the original on 2009-10-07. Retrieved 2021-07-24.</ref><ref>https://www.zipcode.ng/nasarawa-lga-postal-code-kano-state.html</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://showpostcodes.com.ng/kano-state-postal-code/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2025-06-22 |archive-date=2025-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250807044255/https://showpostcodes.com.ng/kano-state-postal-code/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://postcode.com.ng/nasarawa-lga-of-kano-state-postal-or-zip-codes/</ref> == Wurare == [[File:MURITALA MOHAMED LIBRARY KANO 02.jpg|thumb|MURITALA_MOHAMED_LIBRARY_KANO_02]] [[File:MURITALA MOHAMED LIBRARY KANO 01.jpg|thumb|MURITALA_MOHAMED_LIBRARY_KANO_01]] [[File:Kofar Nasarawa - Kano City Gate.jpg|thumb|Kofar Nasarawa -Birnin Kano Bikin sallag]] Ƙofan Nasarawa kofa ce da ke ɗauke da wurare kamar Gadar Nasarawa wacce tsohon gwamna kano kuma sanata Dr Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso ya kashe miliyoyin Nairori wajen ginata.<ref>"Ana ce-ce-ku-ce kan batun rusa gadar Kofar Nasarawa a Kano". BBC News Hausa (in Hausa). Retrieved 2021-07-24.</ref>. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{Kananan Hukumomin Jihar Kano}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nasarawa}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin Jihar Kano]] 6spmng6kfkk2d8hpj670i6178p4i8bi 0 7231 843318 842260 2026-05-30T10:57:14Z Sirjat 20447 /* Kariya da tasirin ɗan adam */ 843318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nilu''' babban kogi ne da ke arewa maso gabashin Afirka, yana gudana zuwa Bahar Rum. Tsawonsa ya kai {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}}, kuma shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, duk da cewa ba ya ɗaukar ruwa da yawa kamar Amazon ko Congo. Nilu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin muhalli, tattalin arziki, da al’adu na Afirka tsawon dubban shekaru. Nilu yana da manyan rassan ruwa guda biyu: Farin Nilu da Bakin Nilu. Farin Nilu ya fi tsawo kuma ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin kogin, amma Bakin Nilu yana kawo ruwa fiye da sau biyu na Farin Nilu. Farin Nilu yana farawa kusa da Lake Victoria, yana gudana ta Uganda da Sudan ta Kudu; Bakin Nilu kuma yana farawa kusa da Lake Tana a Habasha, yana shiga Sudan daga kudu maso gabas. Sannan sukan haɗu a Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. Daga nan Nilu yana gudana ta hamadar Nubia zuwa Cairo, sannan ya zube cikin Bahar Rum kusa da Alexandria, inda ya kafa babban kwarin Nilu Delta. Kwarin Nilu yana ratsa ƙasashe 11. Yawancin ruwan Nilu yana fitowa daga ruwan sama a ƙasashen da ke sama kamar Habasha, Kenya, Tanzaniya da Uganda. Ƙasashen da ke ƙasa kamar Masar da Sudan suna dogara da ruwan Nilu don ban ruwa. Sauran ƙasashen da ke cikin kwarin sun haɗa da Burundi, DR Congo, Eritrea da Rwanda. Nilu ya kasance ginshiƙin ƙasar Masar ta dā, inda ambaliyar shekara-shekara ta kawo ƙasa mai gina amfanin gona. Wannan ƙasa ta tallafa wa noma da rayuwa a cikin hamada. Nilu ya sauƙaƙa kasuwanci, sadarwa, sufuri, da mulki. A kudu da cataract na biyu akwai Nubia, inda tsoffin al’ummomi irin su Kerma da Daular Kush suka zauna. A ƙarni na 19, Turawa sun yi bincike a kusa da Lake Victoria don gano asalin kogin. A yau, al’ummomin Nilotic suna rayuwa a gefen Nilu, suna kiwon shanu ta hanyar yin hijira bisa yanayin ambaliyar Nilu. A zamanin yau, Nilu yana da muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin Masar da Sudan, inda ake amfani da shi wajen ban ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki. Tun daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, an gina dam fiye da goma sha biyu a kwarin Nilu. Wadannan dam sun canza tsarin ambaliyar shekara-shekara, sun rage yawan laka da ke zuwa ƙasa, wanda ya sa Nilu Delta ke raguwa. Wasu dam kamar Aswan High Dam da Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam sun haifar da rikice-rikicen siyasa kan ƙarancin ruwa, tsaro, abinci, da tilasta ƙaura. == Sunaye da Asalin Suna == Kalmar Turanci "Nile" ta samo asali daga Latin ''Nilus'' da Greek ''Neilos'', wanda wataƙila ya samo asali daga kalmar Semitic ''naḥal'' ma’ana 'kogi'.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A cikin tsohuwar harshen Masar, kalma ɗaya ake amfani da ita don 'Nilu' da 'kogi': ''jtrw''.{{sfn|Allen|2000|pp=21,101}} Masarawa sun kira ƙasarsu ''kmt'' ma’ana 'baƙi', don nuni da launin ruwan ambaliyar Nilu mai ɗauke da laka daga sama.{{sfn|Allen|2000|p=339, 470}} Sunan Turanci "Blue Nile" fassarar sunan Larabci ne ''Al-Baḥr Al-Azraq''.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A zamanin yau, kogin yana da sunaye daban-daban a cikin kwarin Nilu. A Masar ana kiransa ''Al-Nīl'', ''Baḥr Al-Nīl'' ko ''Nahr Al-Nīl''.<ref name=Barh>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Badawi|2003 |p=717}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> A Sudan ta Kudu ana kiransa ''Baḥr el-Jebel'' ma’ana 'Kogin Dutsen'.{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}} A Uganda, masu magana da Luganda suna kiransa ''Kiyira''.{{sfn|Hamilton |2016|p=66}} Wasu mutanen Nubia na Masar da Sudan suna amfani da sunan Nobiin ''Áman Dawū'' ('Babban Ruwa').{{sfn|Murray| 1923|p=8}} Wasu rassan ruwa da sassan kogin suna ɗauke da sunan "Nile", ciki har da: * Albert Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Albert zuwa Nimule<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|pp=5,6,40}}. |{{harvnb| Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}}. }}</ref> * Black Nile — wani suna na Atbarah River<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Haupt|1926|p=305}}. |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|p=24}}. }}</ref> * Blue Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Kyoga Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Kyoga zuwa Lake Albert{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}} * Main Nile — ɓangaren Nilu bayan haɗuwar Bakin Nilu da Farin Nilu{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=4}} * Mountain Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga duwatsun Uganda zuwa filayen Sudan ta Kudu{{sfn|Talling|2009|p=390}} * Victoria Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Victoria zuwa Lake Kyoga{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=5}} * White Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Yellow Nile — Wadi Howar, tsohon rassa da ya bushe shekaru dubban da suka wuce{{sfn| Dumont|2009|p=4}} == Asali == [[File:Nile River Sources.svg|thumb|Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka. Nilu yana bayyana a matsayin layi mai lanƙwasa mai shuɗi, yana farawa daga ƙasa a cikin daji mai kore, sannan ya tafi sama ya ƙare a Bahar Rum.|Nilu yana da cataracts guda shida da kuma asali da dama.{{efn|Wasu daga cikin cataracts sun nutse saboda madatsun ruwa da aka gina.}}]] Asalin Nilu yana daga wani rassa na Rukarara River, a cikin Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda, a {{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E}}, a tsayin {{convert|2,539|m|ft|sp=us}}.<ref name=SourceCite>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Liu|2009}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=277–278}}. }}</ref>{{efn |name=sourceNote|An fara gano wurin a 1969 ta masu bincike daga Waseda University.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2006, wasu masu yawon buɗe ido suka sake gano wurin, suka sanya alama a wani itace kusa ({{Coord|2|16|56|S|29|19|53|E|display=inline}}) wanda yanzu wurin yawon buɗe ido ne.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2009, masana suka yi amfani da hotunan tauraron dan adam don ƙara daidaita wurin, suka sanya shi a wani rijiya ({{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E|display=inline}}) da ke nesa da wurin na 1969/2006.<ref name=SourceCite/>}} Asalin yana nufin farkon ruwan da ke gudana duk shekara a cikin kwarin Nilu.<ref name=SourceCite/> Daga wannan asali, kogin yana gudana {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}} zuwa bakin Bahar Rum.<ref name=SourceCite/>{{efn|name=longest}} Tsawon an auna shi a 2009 ta hanyar hotunan tauraron dan adam.<ref name=SourceCite/> Mafi tsayin asalin Nilu yana kan duwatsun Rwenzori a Uganda.<ref name=Rwenz/> Duwatsun da ake kira “Mountains of the Moon” da Ptolemy ya bayyana sun danganta da Rwenzori.<ref name=Rwenz>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont|2009|pp=243–246}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=282}}. }}</ref> Asalin da ya fi kudu yana Burundi a Ruvyironza River, wanda ke shiga Kagera River.<ref name=southSource/> An gina wani abin tunawa a kusa da Rutovu a 1937 ta Burkhart Waldecker.<ref name=southSource>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-29}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=300–301}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. |{{harvnb|Warburg|2007|pp=475,483-484}}. |{{harvnb|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Abin tunawa yana a {{Coord|3|54|54.0|S|29|50|16.5|E}}.{{sfn|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}} }} Lake Victoria — wanda Tanzaniya, Uganda da Kenya ke rabawa — wani lokaci ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin Nilu, saboda yana ciyar da Farin Nilu daga Jinja, Uganda.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=6}}{{efn|Nilu yana fita daga Lake Victoria a Jinja, inda ake da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ake kira "source of the Nile".{{Sfn|Walubiri|2018}}}} Wasu kuma suna ganin asalin gaskiya shi ne gajimare na ruwan sama da ke sama da Lake Victoria, saboda su ne ke kawo mafi yawan ruwan tafkin.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=340-341}}. |{{harvnb|Camberlin|2009|pp=312-314}}. }}</ref> Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusa da Gish Abay, kudu da Lake Tana.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}{{efn|Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusan km 75 kudu da Lake Tana, a {{Coord|10.9699|N|37.1986|E|format=dms}}.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}}} == Yanayin ƙasa == [[File:Nile River Landmarks.svg|thumb|Ruwan Kogin Nilu yana samo asali ne daga ruwan sama da ke sauka a tsaunukan yankunan kudu da gabashin Kwarin Nilu.|alt=Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka, tana nuna wuraren wasu birane da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ke kan kogin.]] Kogin Nilu babban kogi ne a arewa maso gabashin Afirka wanda ke kwarara zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum. Kwarin Nilu shi ne dukkan yankin ƙasa da ruwansa ke gangarowa zuwa Kogin Nilu, kuma yana da faɗin kilomita murabba'i 2,927,843{{snd}}kimanin kashi 10% na nahiyar Afirka (duba taswirar da ke kusa).<ref name=basinSize/> Kasashe goma sha ɗaya ne gaba ɗaya ko wani ɓangarensu ke cikin wannan kwari: Burundi, Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo, Masar, Eritrea, Habasha, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan ta Kudu, Sudan, Tanzaniya da Uganda.{{sfn|Allan|2009|p=753}}{{efn|A shekara ta 2011, Sudan ta Kudu ta balle daga Sudan, ta zama ƙasa ta goma sha ɗaya a Kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=18}}}} Wannan kwari ya ƙunshi nau'o'in yanayi, tsarin muhalli da siffofin ƙasa iri-iri{{snd}}daga hamada masu yashi da fari a arewa, zuwa filayen fadama masu laushi a tsakiyar yankin, zuwa tsaunuka masu dazuzzuka da yawan ruwan sama a kudu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=335-340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=5}}. }}</ref> Ana iya raba Kwarin Nilu zuwa yankuna bakwai; biyar daga cikinsu suna ɗauke da mafi tsawon hanyar da Kogin Nilu yake bi. Idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan yankuna biyar su ne: Tafkunan Manyan Afirka, Nilu na Tsaunuka, Farin Nilu, Babban Nilu, da Delta ta Nilu. Yankuna biyu na ƙari suna ɗauke da manyan rafukan da ke shiga Nilu: Shuɗin Nilu da Kogin Atbarah.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} === Tafkunan Manyan Afirka === Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka yana ɗauke da asalin Kogin Nilu tare da wasu manyan tafkuna da suke cikin tsarin Kogin Nilu: Tafkin Victoria, Tafkin Albert, Tafkin George da Tafkin Edward.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont |2009|p=255}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-46}}. Bayanin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka. }}</ref> Asalin Kogin Nilu shi ne Kogin Rukarara da ke cikin Gandun Dajin Ƙasa na Nyungwe a Rwanda,<ref name=SourceCite/> kuma yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera wanda ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}}{{efn|name=sourceRivSequence|Asalin Kogin Nilu yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Rukarara, sannan zuwa Kogin Mwogo, wanda ke haɗuwa da Kogin Mbirurume ya zama Kogin Nyabarongo, wanda ke kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera, wanda kuma ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=260,263,277–278}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. }}</ref> }} Ko da yake babban tafki ne{{snd}}na biyu mafi girman tafkin ruwa mai ɗanɗano a duniya idan aka auna faɗi{{efn|An auna ne ta fuskar faɗin ƙasa, ba girman ruwa ba.}}{{snd}} Tafkin Victoria ba shi da zurfi sosai, domin matsakaicin zurfinsa kusan mita 40 ne.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=214}} Kogin yana fara ɗaukar sunan “Nilu” ne a inda Tafkin Victoria ke zubar da ruwa daga arewacinsa: sashen daga nan zuwa Tafkin Albert ana kiransa Victoria Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan faɗuwa guda biyu{{snd}}Ripon Falls da Owen Falls{{snd}}sun kasance a wurin da Nilu ke fita daga Tafkin Victoria, amma an nutsar da su bayan gina Dam ɗin Nalubaale. Bayan Bujagali Falls da Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Bujagali, Victoria Nile yana zubowa cikin Tafkin Kyoga. Bayan ya fita daga Tafkin Kyoga, Kogin Kafu yana shiga cikinsa, sannan ya ratsa Murchison Falls ya shiga Tafkin Albert. Ba kamar Tafkin Victoria ba, Tafkin Albert tafki ne mai zurfi wanda tsaunuka suka kewaye shi. Kogin yana fita daga tafkin a gefen arewarsa, inda ake kiransa Albert Nile; wannan sashe na kogin yana da shimfiɗa kuma faffaɗa, kuma ya dace da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa masu tururi.<ref name=phys>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=336–339}}. }}</ref> === Nilu na Tsaunuka === Yanki na biyu na Kwarin Nilu idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa shi ne Nilu na Tsaunuka ({{langx|ar-latn|Bahr al Jabal}}).<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. }}</ref> Wannan yanki yana farawa kusa da garin Nimule, yana kaiwa zuwa Tafkin No, kuma gaba ɗayansa yana cikin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan ya ratsa Nimule, kogin yana wucewa ta Fula Rapids sannan ya isa Juba{{snd}}babban birnin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan Juba, Nilu yana ratsa garin Bor sannan ya shiga Sudd, wata babbar fadama da ke kan shimfiɗaɗɗen fili.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=47-69}}.</ref> Gangarar ƙasar a yankin Sudd kusan 1:13,000 ce kawai, saboda haka kogin yana tafiya a hankali kuma yana faɗaɗa. Tsire-tsire masu yalwa ciki har da sedges, papyrus da water hyacinth na gama gari (wani nau'in tsiro mai mamaye muhalli) suna toshe hanyoyin ruwa kuma suna wahalar da zirga-zirga. A gefen arewa na fadamar Sudd, Nilu yana wucewa ta Tafkin No, ƙaramin tafki inda Kogin Bahr el Ghazal (wato “kogin barewa” a Larabci) ke shiga cikinsa daga yamma.<ref name=phys/> ===Yankin Farar Nilu=== [[File:Whiteandblueniles.jpg|thumb|alt=Hoton sama na Khartoum, yana nuna haduwar koguna biyu, kowanne da launin ruwansa daban|Launuka daban-daban na Farar Nilu (hagu) da Bakar Nilu (dama) suna bayyana inda suka hade suka zama babban Nilu (hagu sama).]] Yayin da ake ci gaba da tafiya ƙasa, yankin na uku na kwarin Nilu shi ne yankin Farar Nilu{{efn|Yankin Farar Nilu, kamar yadda aka bayyana nan, yana dauke da karamin bangare na babban Kogin Farar Nilu.}} wanda ya hada da tsawon {{convert|800 |km|mi|sp=us}} daga kusa da Malakal zuwa Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. A nan ne Bakar Nilu ya hade da shi. Wannan bangaren kogin yana da faɗi, kwanciyar hankali, tare da ciyayi da fadamomi a bakin koguna. Kogin nan ba shi da zurfi kuma yana rasa ruwa sosai ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Inda Farar Nilu ya hade da Bakar Nilu, launukansu suna bambanta sosai. Farar Nilu ya fi haske saboda yashi da yake dauke da [[quartz]] da [[feldspar]]. Wannan ya bambanta da Bakar Nilu wanda ke dauke da laka mai duhu daga duwatsun [[basaltic rock]] na Habasha.{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|pp=44-45}} Kogin Sobat shi ne rafi wanda ke hade da Farar Nilu kusa da garin Malakal (bayan haduwar Bahr el Ghazal, kafin Bakar Nilu). Yankinsa{{snd}}wanda ya hada da [[Machar Marshes]]{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}}{{snd}}yana dauke da kusan kilomita murabba’i 225,000.{{sfn|Shahin|2002|p=276}} Sobat yana ambaliya tsakanin Yuli da Disamba.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} ===Babban Nilu=== [[File:Assuan-Hochdamm 15.JPG|thumb|Babban Dam na Aswan yana kan babban Nilu kusa da iyakar Misira da Sudan. Injinan lantarki na dam din suna da karfin samar da 2.1 [[gigawatt]]s.{{sfn|El-Shabrawy|2009| p= 149}}|alt=Ginin kankare mai girma kusa da tafkin shiru. Manyan hasumiyoyin wutar lantarki suna kusa da ginin.]] Yankin na hudu na kwarin Nilu{{snd}}babban Nilu{{efn|Bangaren Nilu tsakanin haduwar Bakar/Farar Nilu da Bahar Rum ana kiransa Babban Nilu ko Saharan Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=360}}. |{{harvnb|Williams|2009|p=62}}. }}</ref> }}{{snd}}yana daga Khartoum zuwa Cairo, babban birnin Misira.<ref name=phys/> Wannan bangaren yana da faɗi da zurfi mai daidaito: kusan {{convert|500|m|ft|sp=us}} faɗi da {{convert|10|m|ft|sp=us}} zurfi a wurin da ya fi zurfi (idan ba ambaliya ba).{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|p=45}} Da zarar ya bar Khartoum, kogin ya shiga Sabaloka Game Reserve kuma ya ratsa manyan rafuka masu ƙarfi da ba a iya ketarewa da jirgin ruwa. Wannan shi ne na shida (kuma mafi kusa da sama) daga cikin rafuka shida na Nilu. Kogin Atbarah{{snd}}babban rafi{{snd}}yana hade da Nilu, wanda daga nan ya bi babban lankwasawa S zuwa yamma. Ana samun sauran rafuka hudu (lamba 5, 4, 3, da 2) a cikin wannan lankwasawa S, wanda ya sa kogin ba ya iya ketarewa; duk da haka jiragen ruwa na iya tafiya a wasu wuraren da ba su da rafuka. Kogin daga nan ya shiga tafkin Nasser. Wannan tafki{{snd}}tafki na biyu mafi girma da mutum ya yi a duniya{{snd}}an kafa shi ne lokacin da aka gina Babban Dam na Aswan a Misira, kuma ya mamaye fiye da {{convert|480 |km|mi|sp=us}} na Nilu. Dam na Aswan Low{{snd}}wanda ya fi tsoho kuma ya fi ƙanƙanta{{snd}}yana ƙasa da Babban Dam na Aswan, kusa da wurin rafin farko na Nilu (wanda yanzu ya nutse). Daga wadannan dam-dam, Nilu yana gudana kusan {{convert|800|km|mi|sp=us}} ta cikin dutsen limestone, tare da gonaki masu ban ruwa, har sai ya isa Cairo.<ref name=phys/> ===Delta na Nilu=== [[File:Nile River and delta from orbit.jpg|thumb|Delta na Nilu shi ne babban yanki mai siffar alwatika da ciyayi a saman wannan hoto, inda kogin ya zuba cikin Bahar Rum.|alt=Hoton arewacin Misira, wanda aka dauka daga sararin samaniya. Nilu ya kare ta hanyar shiga Bahar Rum, yana samar da babban yanki mai siffar alwatika.]] Yankin na biyar, kuma na ƙarshe, wanda ya kunshi Kogin Nilu shi ne Delta na Nilu, babban [[delta]] mai siffar alwatika (kimanin 22,000&nbsp;km{{super|2}}){{sfn|Hamza|2009|p=75}} wanda ya fara daga Cairo zuwa Bahar Rum.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Kogin ya rabu zuwa manyan hanyoyi biyu a cikin delta: reshen Rosetta da reshen Damietta. Jimillar girman delta (ciki har da bangaren da ya nutse) kusan 150,000&nbsp;km{{super|3}}. Delta an gina shi tsawon miliyoyin shekaru, daga yashi da kogin ya kawo daga sama.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Talbot|Williams|2009|pp=37–40, 57}}. }}</ref> Tun bayan kammala Babban Dam na Aswan a 1970, delta ya fara raguwa saboda lalacewar ruwan Bahar Rum. A da, lalacewar tana daidaita da sabbin ƙasa daga yashi da kogin ya kawo; amma dam yana rike yashi a tafkin sa, yana hana sabuwar ƙasa isa delta.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=93}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=45-46}}. }}</ref> ===Rafin Bakar Nilu=== [[File:Lower Aber river and tributaries.png|thumb|Asalin Bakar Nilu yana daga Gish Abay a ƙasan layin haske. Kogin yana gudana zuwa arewa daga nan zuwa Tafkin Tana.|alt=Taswirar Habasha, tana nuna wani bangare na Bakar Nilu da Tafkin Tana.]] Tsawon hanyar Nilu{{snd}}wanda ya hada da rafi Farar Nilu{{snd}}yana da wasu rafuka. Yankunan kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu da Atbarah su ne yankuna na ƙarshe na kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Bakar Nilu yana fitowa daga tsaunuka a Habasha inda yake farawa a matsayin rafin da ake kira ''Abay'' kusa da garin Gish Abay: {{lang|am|Gish}} kalma ce ta Amharic wadda ke nufin 'tushen', kuma Abay shi ne sunan rafin.<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}. |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=88-104}}. Overview of Blue Nile. }}</ref> Gish Abay yana shiga Tafkin Tana, tafki mai faɗi kuma ba shi da zurfi, wanda ke da hanya guda ta fita inda ya karɓi sunan "Bakar Nilu". Kogin daga nan yana yin babban lankwasawa: da farko zuwa kudu, sannan yamma ta cikin kwarin mai ban mamaki mai zurfin {{convert|2 |km|ft|sp=us}}, sannan arewa yana shiga Kudancin Sudan zuwa Sudan, inda ya hade da Farar Nilu a Khartoum ya zama Babban Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009}}. }}</ref> A hanyarsa, Bakar Nilu yana samar da wutar lantarki a wurare da dama, ciki har da Tis Abay hydropower project a Bakar Nilu Falls, Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam kusa da iyakar Habasha da Kudancin Sudan, Roseires Dam kusa da garin Ad Damazin, da Sennar Dam.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=274, 339}}. Blue Nile Falls. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=116,135}}. Roseires Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=341}}. Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=118, 131, 348}}. Sennar Dam. }}</ref> Girman kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu ya fi kilomita murabba’i 306,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} ===Rafin Atbarah=== Kogin Atbarah rafi ne na Nilu wanda yake fitowa daga arewacin Habasha, kuma yana hade da Nilu kusan {{convert|320|km|mi|sp=us}} arewa da Khartoum.<ref name=Atbarah/> Yankin kwaruruwansa ya fi kilomita murabba’i 204,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} Atbarah yana da gudu mai yawa a lokacin da bayan damina a Habasha (lokacin bazara da kaka), amma yana iya bushewa a lokacin hunturu da bazara. Duk da kasancewar rafin yana yawan yankewa, yana bayar da fiye da kashi 10% na jimillar ruwan shekara na Nilu.<ref name=Atbarah>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=7}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=339}}. }}</ref> Dam-dam da ke kan Atbarah sun hada da Khashm el-Girba Dam, Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex, da Tekezé Dam (a kan rafin Tekezé).<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=321,336–337}}. Tekezé Dam. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=359}}. Khashm el-Girba Dam. |{{harvnb|Hafez |2024}}. Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex. }}</ref> ==Ruwan Kogin== {{Nile River routemap}} [[File:Monthly variations of the flow of the Nile River.svg|thumb|upright=1.25|alt=Zane yana nuna sauyin ruwan Nilu a kowace shekara cikin mita kubik a sakan. Darajoji (Janairu zuwa Disamba) su ne 1285.7, 1006.0, 831.3, 881.7, 828.7, 845.2, 1930.3, 6984.0, 7866.5, 4895.2, 2510.8, 1596.9.|Gudun ruwan Nilu yana bambanta sosai a duk shekara. An auna darajoji (m³/s) a Dongola a kan babban Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin Dongola", ''Global Runoff Data Center''}}{{efn|name=exclGERD}} ]] ===Gudun ruwa da ambaliya=== {{further|Flooding of the Nile}} Ko da yake Nilu shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, ba shi da mafi girman gudun ruwa. Gudunsa{{snd}}kimanin 87 km³ a shekara{{efn| name=discharge}}{{snd}}ya yi ƙanƙanta idan aka kwatanta da manyan koguna. Gudun Nilu kusan kashi 1% ne na Amazon, 6% na Congo, da 12% na Yangtze.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=4}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=11}}. }}</ref>{{efn|An yi kwatancen ne da gudun Nilu da aka auna a Aswan. Gudun Nilu zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum ya fi ƙanƙanta.{{efn| name=discharge}} }} Gudun shekara-shekara daga manyan rassan uku na Nilu: 54% daga Blue Nile, 32% daga White Nile (ciki har da gudun Bahr el Ghazal da Sobat), da 14% daga Atbarah.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc= Table 4. Based on annual discharge figures: Blue Nile 48 km³; White Nile 28 km³; Atbarah 12 km³ }} Dutsen White Nile da Blue Nile suna samun ruwan sama na yanayi, amma gudun White Nile ya fi daidaito fiye da Blue Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Wannan saboda tafkuna da fadamomi da yawa a White Nile suna rage tasirin yanayin ruwan sama.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=357}} Yayin da White Nile ke wucewa ta cikin fadamar Sudd, kusan rabin ruwan yana ɓacewa ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=346}} A gefe guda, gudun Blue Nile yana bambanta sosai: yana ambaliya daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba saboda ruwan sama na damina.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan Blue Nile ya yi yawa a lokacin damina har White Nile ke ja baya a wurin haɗuwar koguna.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Ghabbour|2009|pp=503–504}}. }}</ref> A lokacin ambaliya, gudun ruwa zuwa babban Nilu kusan 70% daga Blue Nile, 20% daga Atbarah, da 10% daga White Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A kololuwar ambaliya, gudun yau da kullum zuwa Lake Nasser kusan 0.71 km³, sau uku fiye da matsakaicin gudun yau da kullum na shekara 0.23 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. Summer flood: 25.1 billion ft³ per day, or 0.71 km³ per day. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 4}}. Annual mean measured at Dongola station: 83 km³ per year, or 0.23 km³ per day. }}</ref>{{efn|name=exclGERD}}{{ efn| Yayin da gudun Blue Nile ke raguwa a lokacin sanyi, ruwan White Nile da aka tara yana ƙaruwa a Khartoum. A Afrilu da Mayu, White Nile yana bayar da kusan 80% na ruwan Nilu. Wannan ya ba da damar yin ban ruwa a duk shekara.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=5}} }} Kafin a gina madatsun ruwa a Nilu, gudun ruwan Nilu a Masar yana bambanta da yanayi: ya fi yawa a lokacin bazara/damina; ya fi ƙanƙanta a lokacin sanyi/bazara.{{efn| Ƙarfin ambaliyar Nilu na shekara-shekara yana iya bambanta sosai daga shekara zuwa shekara. Lokutan ƙarancin ambaliya na iya ɗaukar shekaru da dama ko ƙarni.{{sfn|Collins|2002|pp=20-26}} }} Amma bayan gina Aswan High Dam{{snd}}wanda ya ƙirƙiri tafkin da zai iya riƙe kusan shekaru biyu na gudun ruwa{{snd}} gudun ruwan da ke ƙasa ya fi daidaito a duk shekara.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=45}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Gudun shekara-shekara na kogin a Aswan kusan 84 km³; kuma tafkin Aswan High Dam yana iya riƙe kusan 160 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p= 8644 |loc=section 3.5.4}}. }}</ref> }} === Jigilar laka === Nilu yana ɗaukar laka zuwa ƙasa. Motsin laka ana rarrabe shi zuwa laka mai shawagi (wanda ke shawagi a cikin ruwa) ko laka mai nauyi (wanda ke kan ƙasan kogi).{{sfn|Lemma |2019|p=1}} Kashi 97% na laka da Nilu ke ɗauka daga Atbarah da Blue Nile ne, dukkansu daga Habasha.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=38}} Ƙasa a Delta ta Nilu ta samo asali daga duwatsu a Habasha. Jimillar duwatsun da aka nika cikin shekaru miliyan 30 daga asalin Nilu a Habasha kusan 102,000 km³, wanda ya yi daidai da ƙasar Delta ta Nilu kusan 150,000 km³.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=37}} == Muhalli == === Dabbobi === Jimillar nau’in kifaye da aka samu a kwarin Nilu an kiyasta fiye da 800. A cikin kogin kaɗai, nau’in kifaye 128 ne aka samu, daga iyalai 27.<ref name=fish/> Yawancin nau’in kifaye suna cikin iyalai huɗu: Cichlidae (cichlids), Cyprinidae (carp), Mormyridae (elephantfish), da Mochokidae (catfish).{{sfn|Witte|2009|p=647 }} Wasu nau’in Cichlid suna cikin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka.<ref name=fish>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Witte|2009|pp=647, 651–652 }}. |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. }}</ref> Baya ga kifaye, dabbobin da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwan Nilu a wasu lokuta sun haɗa da hipopotamus, kada na Nilu, da buffalo na Afirka. Wasu halittun ruwa sun haɗa da molluscs, crab, da shrimp. <ref name=animals/> Dabbobi da yawa suna rayuwa a cikin muhallin bakin kogi, ciki har da giwaye, antelope, da giraffe.<ref name=animals/> Ƙwaryar da aka samu a tafkunan Nilu suna ɗauke da ƙwari masu cutarwa (blood flukes) waɗanda ke haifar da schistosomiasis ga dabbobi da mutane.{{sfn| Green|2009|p=205}} Tsuntsaye da ke rayuwa a bakin Nilu sun haɗa da herons, kingfishers, ospreys, da nau’o’in storks ciki har da shoebills.<ref name=animals>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=189}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Van Damme|Bocxlaer |2009|pp=585}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont |2009|pp=10–11}}. |{{harvnb|Green|El-Moghraby|2009|pp=193,196–197,201–202}}. }}</ref> Wasu nau’in tsuntsaye suna da alaƙa da kwarin Nilu kaɗai (misali blue-winged goose), yayin da wasu suna da yaduwar duniya (misali moorhen da osprey).{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Wasu nau’in heron, ducks, geese, da egrets suna rayuwa a kwarin duk shekara, kuma nau’in ducks da geese 14 suna zuwa ne kawai a lokacin sanyi.{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Yawancin gulls da terns a kwarin suna yin hijira. A cikin shekaru dubu da suka gabata, wasu nau’in tsuntsaye sun ragu saboda mamayar ɗan adam a muhallinsu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Green|2009a|p=705}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53-55,58,70}}. }}</ref> === Tsirrai === [[File:Nymphaea lotus1XMATT.jpg|thumb|alt= Furen fari da ganyaye masu kore suna shawagi a saman ruwa.|Nymphaea lotus (furen lotus na Masar) yana asali daga ruwan kwanciyar hankali na kwarin Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|pp=205,207}}. |{{harvnb| Vijverberg|2009|p=166}}. }}</ref>]] Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka na kwarin Nilu ya ƙunshi tsirrai kamar water lily, papyrus, da water hyacinth. Water hyacinth tsiro ne mai mamaya, kuma ya shafi tsirrai na asali a Lake Kyoga.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. |{{harvnb| Dumont|2009|p=13}}. }}</ref> Tsirrai da aka saba a fadamar Sudd sun haɗa da Vossia, hippo grass, reed mace, ambatch, da papyrus. Sudd kuma tana ɗauke da tsirrai da ke rayuwa a cikin ƙaramin ambaliya, misali Oryza, antelope grass, da Phragmites.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=350}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> === Gurbatar muhalli === A tarihi, ruwan Nilu ya kasance mai kyau don sha, amma a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, ya zama ba shi da lafiya a wasu wurare.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|Talling|2009a|p=368}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Jack Talling ya rubuta "Abubuwa biyu na ruwan Nilu na ƙasa sun jawo hankali{{snd}} cewa yana da inganci don sha da ban ruwa, kuma cewa yana ɗauke da yawan laka a yanayi."{{sfn|Talling|2009a|p=368}} }} Gurɓatawa ya fi yawa a Lake Tana, kusa da manyan birane, da Delta ta Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|El-Sheekh|2009|pp=395–396}}. }}</ref> Asalin gurɓatawa a Nilu sun haɗa da aikin gona, masana’antu, da shara na gida. Akwai masana’antu 36 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa kai tsaye cikin Nilu, da 41 cikin tashoshin ban ruwa. Waɗannan masana’antu sun haɗa da: sinadarai, lantarki, injiniya, takin zamani, abinci, ƙarfe, hakar ma’adinai, mai da sabulu, takarda, masana’antar zane da itace. Akwai fiye da magudanan aikin gona 90 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa cikin Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin National Water Quality", ''Nile Basin Initiative''|pp=12-22}} Gurbatar kogi ya fi yawa tsakanin Aswan da Tekun Bahar Rum. Gurɓatar nan ya fito daga ayyukan ɗan adam, zubar aikin gona, da shara na masana’antu. Gurɓataccen abu yana ƙaruwa yayin da kogi ke tafiya ƙasa saboda taruwar gurɓatawa.<ref name=delta>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hegab|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=75}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53,59,69}}. }}</ref> Delta tana da sauƙin taruwar gurɓatawa saboda rashin motsin ruwa mai kyau, ƙasa mai laushi, da yawan laka a ƙasan kogi.{{sfn|Abotalib|2023}} === Kariya da tasirin ɗan adam === [[File:Murchison Falls, Uganda (23475021234).jpg|thumb|Murchison Falls a White Nile|alt=Babban rafin ruwa, da dazuzzuka a bangarorin biyu.]] Kwarin Nilu ya kasance mai ɗanɗano da danshi daga shekaru 15,000 da suka gabata zuwa 5,000, wanda ya ba da damar fara aikin gona mai girma a kusan shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata.<ref name=Humid/> Ci gaban aikin gona ya ƙara tasiri ga muhalli tun daga lokacin, yana haifar da sare dazuzzuka da lalacewar ƙasa.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Tasirin ya ƙara muni saboda yanayin ƙanƙara da ya fara kusan shekaru 4,000 da suka gabata. Wannan ya haifar da yunwa, rikice-rikicen zamantakewa, da lalacewar muhalli.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Wasu nau’in dabbobi sun bace a kwarin Nilu saboda ayyukan ɗan adam. Sacred ibis ya kasance mai muh ==Tarihin ɗan Adam== ===Kafin Tarihi=== [[File:The Nile River flows into the Mediterranean Sea (iss071e405499).jpg | thumb | Kogin Nilu (ƙasa) yana gudana ta hamadar Masar, wanda ya kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]].<ref name=Humid/> |alt=Hoton tauraron dan adam na Masar, yana nuna yashi da yawa, tare da kogin mai duhu yana gudana ta cikin yashi, yana shiga cikin teku. ]] Tsofaffin kakanni na jinsin ɗan Adam sun zauna kusa da kwarin Nilu. An gano ƙashin [[Australopithecus afarensis]] da aka fi sani da [[Lucy (hominid)|Lucy]] a gabashin iyakar kwarin. [[Olduvai Gorge]]{{snd}}inda aka fara gano ƙashin [[Homo habilis]]{{snd}}yana kudu da kwarin.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=246,346}}</ref> A cikin kwarin Nilu, wurin binciken [[Nyayanga]] a gabashin gabar Tafkin Victoria yana da kayan aikin [[Oldowan]] tun shekaru miliyan 2.6 da suka wuce.<ref>{{harvnb|Plummer|2023}}</ref>{{efn| Kogin Nilu da Tafkin Victoria ba su kasance a irin wannan siffar ba a lokacin [[Australopithecus afarensis]], [[Homo habilis]], ko [[Oldowan|masana'antar Oldowan]].<ref>{{harvnb|Abdelsalam|2018|pp=742,768|loc=Figures 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D}}</ref> }} An gano zaman ɗan Adam a bakin Nilu tsakanin shekaru 12,000 zuwa 20,000 da suka wuce a wurin kusa da garin [[Qurta]] (Masar). Waɗannan mutane sun sassaka [[petroglyphs]] a cikin duwatsu, suna nuna [[auroch]]s, tsuntsaye, [[hippopotamid]]s, barewa, [[hartebeest]], da kifi. Wasu masana sun yi hasashen cewa waɗannan mutane, ko wasu da ke kusa, sun iya fara kiwon tumaki, awaki, ko shanu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=53}}. |{{harvnb|Huyge|2011}}. |{{harvnb|Leplongeon|2017}}. }}</ref> Saharar gabas{{snd}}ciki har da Masar da Sudan{{snd}}ta kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]] wanda ya ɗauki daga kusan shekaru 10,000 zuwa 5,000 da suka wuce. Al’ummomin makiyaya sun bunƙasa a lokacin, amma lokacin da yanayi ya bushe kusan 3,900 K.Z., mutane sun tilasta yin hijira zuwa kwarin Nilu don tsira. Wannan ne asalin al’ummomin [[Nubians|Nubiya]] a Sudan da kuma wayewar Masar ta dā.<ref name=Humid>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Kuper|Kröpelin|2006|pp=803–807}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=47,57}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Culture of the Nile", "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River"}}. Al’adar Nubiya (Sudan) a Sudan. }}</ref> ===Wayewar Masar ta dā=== {{See also|Ancient Egyptian agriculture}} [[File:Journey to Abydos, Tomb of Pairy MET DT10886.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|alt=Zane a bango na jirgin ruwa a kan kogi, tare da Masarawa suna yin iyo|Masarawa sun yi amfani da jiragen ruwa sosai wajen sufuri. Wannan hoto daga [[TT139|Kabari na Pairy]].<ref name=ancientTransport/>]] Kogin Nilu ya kasance cibiyar rayuwar Masar: yana ba da abinci ta hanyar amfanin gona da ya shayar, kuma yana jawo mutuwa lokacin da fari ya jawo gazawar amfanin gona da yunwa. Nilu ya ƙarfafa ci gaban kimiyya da gwamnati: ban ruwa, hasashen ambaliya da haraji duk sun buƙaci sabbin ƙwarewar lissafi da gudanarwa. Hasashen yanayi da taurari ma sun bunƙasa saboda buƙatar Masarawa su fahimci kogin da ambaliyarsa.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=9–10}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=49,63,69}}. }}</ref> Kalanda ta [[Masar ta dā]] ta dogara da zagayen ambaliyar Nilu. Shekara ta kasu kashi uku, kowanne yana da watanni huɗu na kwanaki talatin. Lokutan su ne [[Season of the Inundation|Akhet]] ('ambaliya'), [[Season of the Emergence|Peret]] ('girbi'), da [[Season of the Harvest|Shemu]] ('amfani'). Akhet shi ne lokacin da Nilu ya yi ambaliya, yana barin sabuwar ƙasa mai albarka; Peret shi ne lokacin girma; Shemu kuma lokacin girbi ba tare da ruwan sama ba.<ref name="Seasons">{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=103}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=355}}. Footnote 10. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=62}}. }}</ref> Nilu ya shafi harshensu: kalmomin kwatance sun dogara da mutum da yake fuskantar sama da kogin: kalma ɗaya na iya nufin ''sama'' da ''kudu''; wata kalma na ''hagu'' da ''gabashi''; da wata kalma na ''dama'' da ''yamma''.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=21}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=61}}. }}</ref> Wani lokaci suna kiran ruwan sama da "Nilu a sama".<ref>{{harvnb|Assmann|2001|p=59}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} rnhqoc21b6efgcqe4lhowambq3mbwan 843320 843318 2026-05-30T10:57:52Z Sirjat 20447 /* Wayewar Masar ta dā */ 843320 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nilu''' babban kogi ne da ke arewa maso gabashin Afirka, yana gudana zuwa Bahar Rum. Tsawonsa ya kai {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}}, kuma shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, duk da cewa ba ya ɗaukar ruwa da yawa kamar Amazon ko Congo. Nilu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin muhalli, tattalin arziki, da al’adu na Afirka tsawon dubban shekaru. Nilu yana da manyan rassan ruwa guda biyu: Farin Nilu da Bakin Nilu. Farin Nilu ya fi tsawo kuma ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin kogin, amma Bakin Nilu yana kawo ruwa fiye da sau biyu na Farin Nilu. Farin Nilu yana farawa kusa da Lake Victoria, yana gudana ta Uganda da Sudan ta Kudu; Bakin Nilu kuma yana farawa kusa da Lake Tana a Habasha, yana shiga Sudan daga kudu maso gabas. Sannan sukan haɗu a Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. Daga nan Nilu yana gudana ta hamadar Nubia zuwa Cairo, sannan ya zube cikin Bahar Rum kusa da Alexandria, inda ya kafa babban kwarin Nilu Delta. Kwarin Nilu yana ratsa ƙasashe 11. Yawancin ruwan Nilu yana fitowa daga ruwan sama a ƙasashen da ke sama kamar Habasha, Kenya, Tanzaniya da Uganda. Ƙasashen da ke ƙasa kamar Masar da Sudan suna dogara da ruwan Nilu don ban ruwa. Sauran ƙasashen da ke cikin kwarin sun haɗa da Burundi, DR Congo, Eritrea da Rwanda. Nilu ya kasance ginshiƙin ƙasar Masar ta dā, inda ambaliyar shekara-shekara ta kawo ƙasa mai gina amfanin gona. Wannan ƙasa ta tallafa wa noma da rayuwa a cikin hamada. Nilu ya sauƙaƙa kasuwanci, sadarwa, sufuri, da mulki. A kudu da cataract na biyu akwai Nubia, inda tsoffin al’ummomi irin su Kerma da Daular Kush suka zauna. A ƙarni na 19, Turawa sun yi bincike a kusa da Lake Victoria don gano asalin kogin. A yau, al’ummomin Nilotic suna rayuwa a gefen Nilu, suna kiwon shanu ta hanyar yin hijira bisa yanayin ambaliyar Nilu. A zamanin yau, Nilu yana da muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin Masar da Sudan, inda ake amfani da shi wajen ban ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki. Tun daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, an gina dam fiye da goma sha biyu a kwarin Nilu. Wadannan dam sun canza tsarin ambaliyar shekara-shekara, sun rage yawan laka da ke zuwa ƙasa, wanda ya sa Nilu Delta ke raguwa. Wasu dam kamar Aswan High Dam da Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam sun haifar da rikice-rikicen siyasa kan ƙarancin ruwa, tsaro, abinci, da tilasta ƙaura. == Sunaye da Asalin Suna == Kalmar Turanci "Nile" ta samo asali daga Latin ''Nilus'' da Greek ''Neilos'', wanda wataƙila ya samo asali daga kalmar Semitic ''naḥal'' ma’ana 'kogi'.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A cikin tsohuwar harshen Masar, kalma ɗaya ake amfani da ita don 'Nilu' da 'kogi': ''jtrw''.{{sfn|Allen|2000|pp=21,101}} Masarawa sun kira ƙasarsu ''kmt'' ma’ana 'baƙi', don nuni da launin ruwan ambaliyar Nilu mai ɗauke da laka daga sama.{{sfn|Allen|2000|p=339, 470}} Sunan Turanci "Blue Nile" fassarar sunan Larabci ne ''Al-Baḥr Al-Azraq''.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A zamanin yau, kogin yana da sunaye daban-daban a cikin kwarin Nilu. A Masar ana kiransa ''Al-Nīl'', ''Baḥr Al-Nīl'' ko ''Nahr Al-Nīl''.<ref name=Barh>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Badawi|2003 |p=717}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> A Sudan ta Kudu ana kiransa ''Baḥr el-Jebel'' ma’ana 'Kogin Dutsen'.{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}} A Uganda, masu magana da Luganda suna kiransa ''Kiyira''.{{sfn|Hamilton |2016|p=66}} Wasu mutanen Nubia na Masar da Sudan suna amfani da sunan Nobiin ''Áman Dawū'' ('Babban Ruwa').{{sfn|Murray| 1923|p=8}} Wasu rassan ruwa da sassan kogin suna ɗauke da sunan "Nile", ciki har da: * Albert Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Albert zuwa Nimule<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|pp=5,6,40}}. |{{harvnb| Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}}. }}</ref> * Black Nile — wani suna na Atbarah River<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Haupt|1926|p=305}}. |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|p=24}}. }}</ref> * Blue Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Kyoga Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Kyoga zuwa Lake Albert{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}} * Main Nile — ɓangaren Nilu bayan haɗuwar Bakin Nilu da Farin Nilu{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=4}} * Mountain Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga duwatsun Uganda zuwa filayen Sudan ta Kudu{{sfn|Talling|2009|p=390}} * Victoria Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Victoria zuwa Lake Kyoga{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=5}} * White Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Yellow Nile — Wadi Howar, tsohon rassa da ya bushe shekaru dubban da suka wuce{{sfn| Dumont|2009|p=4}} == Asali == [[File:Nile River Sources.svg|thumb|Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka. Nilu yana bayyana a matsayin layi mai lanƙwasa mai shuɗi, yana farawa daga ƙasa a cikin daji mai kore, sannan ya tafi sama ya ƙare a Bahar Rum.|Nilu yana da cataracts guda shida da kuma asali da dama.{{efn|Wasu daga cikin cataracts sun nutse saboda madatsun ruwa da aka gina.}}]] Asalin Nilu yana daga wani rassa na Rukarara River, a cikin Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda, a {{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E}}, a tsayin {{convert|2,539|m|ft|sp=us}}.<ref name=SourceCite>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Liu|2009}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=277–278}}. }}</ref>{{efn |name=sourceNote|An fara gano wurin a 1969 ta masu bincike daga Waseda University.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2006, wasu masu yawon buɗe ido suka sake gano wurin, suka sanya alama a wani itace kusa ({{Coord|2|16|56|S|29|19|53|E|display=inline}}) wanda yanzu wurin yawon buɗe ido ne.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2009, masana suka yi amfani da hotunan tauraron dan adam don ƙara daidaita wurin, suka sanya shi a wani rijiya ({{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E|display=inline}}) da ke nesa da wurin na 1969/2006.<ref name=SourceCite/>}} Asalin yana nufin farkon ruwan da ke gudana duk shekara a cikin kwarin Nilu.<ref name=SourceCite/> Daga wannan asali, kogin yana gudana {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}} zuwa bakin Bahar Rum.<ref name=SourceCite/>{{efn|name=longest}} Tsawon an auna shi a 2009 ta hanyar hotunan tauraron dan adam.<ref name=SourceCite/> Mafi tsayin asalin Nilu yana kan duwatsun Rwenzori a Uganda.<ref name=Rwenz/> Duwatsun da ake kira “Mountains of the Moon” da Ptolemy ya bayyana sun danganta da Rwenzori.<ref name=Rwenz>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont|2009|pp=243–246}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=282}}. }}</ref> Asalin da ya fi kudu yana Burundi a Ruvyironza River, wanda ke shiga Kagera River.<ref name=southSource/> An gina wani abin tunawa a kusa da Rutovu a 1937 ta Burkhart Waldecker.<ref name=southSource>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-29}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=300–301}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. |{{harvnb|Warburg|2007|pp=475,483-484}}. |{{harvnb|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Abin tunawa yana a {{Coord|3|54|54.0|S|29|50|16.5|E}}.{{sfn|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}} }} Lake Victoria — wanda Tanzaniya, Uganda da Kenya ke rabawa — wani lokaci ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin Nilu, saboda yana ciyar da Farin Nilu daga Jinja, Uganda.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=6}}{{efn|Nilu yana fita daga Lake Victoria a Jinja, inda ake da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ake kira "source of the Nile".{{Sfn|Walubiri|2018}}}} Wasu kuma suna ganin asalin gaskiya shi ne gajimare na ruwan sama da ke sama da Lake Victoria, saboda su ne ke kawo mafi yawan ruwan tafkin.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=340-341}}. |{{harvnb|Camberlin|2009|pp=312-314}}. }}</ref> Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusa da Gish Abay, kudu da Lake Tana.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}{{efn|Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusan km 75 kudu da Lake Tana, a {{Coord|10.9699|N|37.1986|E|format=dms}}.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}}} == Yanayin ƙasa == [[File:Nile River Landmarks.svg|thumb|Ruwan Kogin Nilu yana samo asali ne daga ruwan sama da ke sauka a tsaunukan yankunan kudu da gabashin Kwarin Nilu.|alt=Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka, tana nuna wuraren wasu birane da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ke kan kogin.]] Kogin Nilu babban kogi ne a arewa maso gabashin Afirka wanda ke kwarara zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum. Kwarin Nilu shi ne dukkan yankin ƙasa da ruwansa ke gangarowa zuwa Kogin Nilu, kuma yana da faɗin kilomita murabba'i 2,927,843{{snd}}kimanin kashi 10% na nahiyar Afirka (duba taswirar da ke kusa).<ref name=basinSize/> Kasashe goma sha ɗaya ne gaba ɗaya ko wani ɓangarensu ke cikin wannan kwari: Burundi, Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo, Masar, Eritrea, Habasha, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan ta Kudu, Sudan, Tanzaniya da Uganda.{{sfn|Allan|2009|p=753}}{{efn|A shekara ta 2011, Sudan ta Kudu ta balle daga Sudan, ta zama ƙasa ta goma sha ɗaya a Kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=18}}}} Wannan kwari ya ƙunshi nau'o'in yanayi, tsarin muhalli da siffofin ƙasa iri-iri{{snd}}daga hamada masu yashi da fari a arewa, zuwa filayen fadama masu laushi a tsakiyar yankin, zuwa tsaunuka masu dazuzzuka da yawan ruwan sama a kudu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=335-340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=5}}. }}</ref> Ana iya raba Kwarin Nilu zuwa yankuna bakwai; biyar daga cikinsu suna ɗauke da mafi tsawon hanyar da Kogin Nilu yake bi. Idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan yankuna biyar su ne: Tafkunan Manyan Afirka, Nilu na Tsaunuka, Farin Nilu, Babban Nilu, da Delta ta Nilu. Yankuna biyu na ƙari suna ɗauke da manyan rafukan da ke shiga Nilu: Shuɗin Nilu da Kogin Atbarah.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} === Tafkunan Manyan Afirka === Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka yana ɗauke da asalin Kogin Nilu tare da wasu manyan tafkuna da suke cikin tsarin Kogin Nilu: Tafkin Victoria, Tafkin Albert, Tafkin George da Tafkin Edward.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont |2009|p=255}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-46}}. Bayanin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka. }}</ref> Asalin Kogin Nilu shi ne Kogin Rukarara da ke cikin Gandun Dajin Ƙasa na Nyungwe a Rwanda,<ref name=SourceCite/> kuma yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera wanda ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}}{{efn|name=sourceRivSequence|Asalin Kogin Nilu yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Rukarara, sannan zuwa Kogin Mwogo, wanda ke haɗuwa da Kogin Mbirurume ya zama Kogin Nyabarongo, wanda ke kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera, wanda kuma ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=260,263,277–278}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. }}</ref> }} Ko da yake babban tafki ne{{snd}}na biyu mafi girman tafkin ruwa mai ɗanɗano a duniya idan aka auna faɗi{{efn|An auna ne ta fuskar faɗin ƙasa, ba girman ruwa ba.}}{{snd}} Tafkin Victoria ba shi da zurfi sosai, domin matsakaicin zurfinsa kusan mita 40 ne.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=214}} Kogin yana fara ɗaukar sunan “Nilu” ne a inda Tafkin Victoria ke zubar da ruwa daga arewacinsa: sashen daga nan zuwa Tafkin Albert ana kiransa Victoria Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan faɗuwa guda biyu{{snd}}Ripon Falls da Owen Falls{{snd}}sun kasance a wurin da Nilu ke fita daga Tafkin Victoria, amma an nutsar da su bayan gina Dam ɗin Nalubaale. Bayan Bujagali Falls da Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Bujagali, Victoria Nile yana zubowa cikin Tafkin Kyoga. Bayan ya fita daga Tafkin Kyoga, Kogin Kafu yana shiga cikinsa, sannan ya ratsa Murchison Falls ya shiga Tafkin Albert. Ba kamar Tafkin Victoria ba, Tafkin Albert tafki ne mai zurfi wanda tsaunuka suka kewaye shi. Kogin yana fita daga tafkin a gefen arewarsa, inda ake kiransa Albert Nile; wannan sashe na kogin yana da shimfiɗa kuma faffaɗa, kuma ya dace da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa masu tururi.<ref name=phys>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=336–339}}. }}</ref> === Nilu na Tsaunuka === Yanki na biyu na Kwarin Nilu idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa shi ne Nilu na Tsaunuka ({{langx|ar-latn|Bahr al Jabal}}).<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. }}</ref> Wannan yanki yana farawa kusa da garin Nimule, yana kaiwa zuwa Tafkin No, kuma gaba ɗayansa yana cikin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan ya ratsa Nimule, kogin yana wucewa ta Fula Rapids sannan ya isa Juba{{snd}}babban birnin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan Juba, Nilu yana ratsa garin Bor sannan ya shiga Sudd, wata babbar fadama da ke kan shimfiɗaɗɗen fili.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=47-69}}.</ref> Gangarar ƙasar a yankin Sudd kusan 1:13,000 ce kawai, saboda haka kogin yana tafiya a hankali kuma yana faɗaɗa. Tsire-tsire masu yalwa ciki har da sedges, papyrus da water hyacinth na gama gari (wani nau'in tsiro mai mamaye muhalli) suna toshe hanyoyin ruwa kuma suna wahalar da zirga-zirga. A gefen arewa na fadamar Sudd, Nilu yana wucewa ta Tafkin No, ƙaramin tafki inda Kogin Bahr el Ghazal (wato “kogin barewa” a Larabci) ke shiga cikinsa daga yamma.<ref name=phys/> ===Yankin Farar Nilu=== [[File:Whiteandblueniles.jpg|thumb|alt=Hoton sama na Khartoum, yana nuna haduwar koguna biyu, kowanne da launin ruwansa daban|Launuka daban-daban na Farar Nilu (hagu) da Bakar Nilu (dama) suna bayyana inda suka hade suka zama babban Nilu (hagu sama).]] Yayin da ake ci gaba da tafiya ƙasa, yankin na uku na kwarin Nilu shi ne yankin Farar Nilu{{efn|Yankin Farar Nilu, kamar yadda aka bayyana nan, yana dauke da karamin bangare na babban Kogin Farar Nilu.}} wanda ya hada da tsawon {{convert|800 |km|mi|sp=us}} daga kusa da Malakal zuwa Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. A nan ne Bakar Nilu ya hade da shi. Wannan bangaren kogin yana da faɗi, kwanciyar hankali, tare da ciyayi da fadamomi a bakin koguna. Kogin nan ba shi da zurfi kuma yana rasa ruwa sosai ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Inda Farar Nilu ya hade da Bakar Nilu, launukansu suna bambanta sosai. Farar Nilu ya fi haske saboda yashi da yake dauke da [[quartz]] da [[feldspar]]. Wannan ya bambanta da Bakar Nilu wanda ke dauke da laka mai duhu daga duwatsun [[basaltic rock]] na Habasha.{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|pp=44-45}} Kogin Sobat shi ne rafi wanda ke hade da Farar Nilu kusa da garin Malakal (bayan haduwar Bahr el Ghazal, kafin Bakar Nilu). Yankinsa{{snd}}wanda ya hada da [[Machar Marshes]]{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}}{{snd}}yana dauke da kusan kilomita murabba’i 225,000.{{sfn|Shahin|2002|p=276}} Sobat yana ambaliya tsakanin Yuli da Disamba.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} ===Babban Nilu=== [[File:Assuan-Hochdamm 15.JPG|thumb|Babban Dam na Aswan yana kan babban Nilu kusa da iyakar Misira da Sudan. Injinan lantarki na dam din suna da karfin samar da 2.1 [[gigawatt]]s.{{sfn|El-Shabrawy|2009| p= 149}}|alt=Ginin kankare mai girma kusa da tafkin shiru. Manyan hasumiyoyin wutar lantarki suna kusa da ginin.]] Yankin na hudu na kwarin Nilu{{snd}}babban Nilu{{efn|Bangaren Nilu tsakanin haduwar Bakar/Farar Nilu da Bahar Rum ana kiransa Babban Nilu ko Saharan Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=360}}. |{{harvnb|Williams|2009|p=62}}. }}</ref> }}{{snd}}yana daga Khartoum zuwa Cairo, babban birnin Misira.<ref name=phys/> Wannan bangaren yana da faɗi da zurfi mai daidaito: kusan {{convert|500|m|ft|sp=us}} faɗi da {{convert|10|m|ft|sp=us}} zurfi a wurin da ya fi zurfi (idan ba ambaliya ba).{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|p=45}} Da zarar ya bar Khartoum, kogin ya shiga Sabaloka Game Reserve kuma ya ratsa manyan rafuka masu ƙarfi da ba a iya ketarewa da jirgin ruwa. Wannan shi ne na shida (kuma mafi kusa da sama) daga cikin rafuka shida na Nilu. Kogin Atbarah{{snd}}babban rafi{{snd}}yana hade da Nilu, wanda daga nan ya bi babban lankwasawa S zuwa yamma. Ana samun sauran rafuka hudu (lamba 5, 4, 3, da 2) a cikin wannan lankwasawa S, wanda ya sa kogin ba ya iya ketarewa; duk da haka jiragen ruwa na iya tafiya a wasu wuraren da ba su da rafuka. Kogin daga nan ya shiga tafkin Nasser. Wannan tafki{{snd}}tafki na biyu mafi girma da mutum ya yi a duniya{{snd}}an kafa shi ne lokacin da aka gina Babban Dam na Aswan a Misira, kuma ya mamaye fiye da {{convert|480 |km|mi|sp=us}} na Nilu. Dam na Aswan Low{{snd}}wanda ya fi tsoho kuma ya fi ƙanƙanta{{snd}}yana ƙasa da Babban Dam na Aswan, kusa da wurin rafin farko na Nilu (wanda yanzu ya nutse). Daga wadannan dam-dam, Nilu yana gudana kusan {{convert|800|km|mi|sp=us}} ta cikin dutsen limestone, tare da gonaki masu ban ruwa, har sai ya isa Cairo.<ref name=phys/> ===Delta na Nilu=== [[File:Nile River and delta from orbit.jpg|thumb|Delta na Nilu shi ne babban yanki mai siffar alwatika da ciyayi a saman wannan hoto, inda kogin ya zuba cikin Bahar Rum.|alt=Hoton arewacin Misira, wanda aka dauka daga sararin samaniya. Nilu ya kare ta hanyar shiga Bahar Rum, yana samar da babban yanki mai siffar alwatika.]] Yankin na biyar, kuma na ƙarshe, wanda ya kunshi Kogin Nilu shi ne Delta na Nilu, babban [[delta]] mai siffar alwatika (kimanin 22,000&nbsp;km{{super|2}}){{sfn|Hamza|2009|p=75}} wanda ya fara daga Cairo zuwa Bahar Rum.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Kogin ya rabu zuwa manyan hanyoyi biyu a cikin delta: reshen Rosetta da reshen Damietta. Jimillar girman delta (ciki har da bangaren da ya nutse) kusan 150,000&nbsp;km{{super|3}}. Delta an gina shi tsawon miliyoyin shekaru, daga yashi da kogin ya kawo daga sama.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Talbot|Williams|2009|pp=37–40, 57}}. }}</ref> Tun bayan kammala Babban Dam na Aswan a 1970, delta ya fara raguwa saboda lalacewar ruwan Bahar Rum. A da, lalacewar tana daidaita da sabbin ƙasa daga yashi da kogin ya kawo; amma dam yana rike yashi a tafkin sa, yana hana sabuwar ƙasa isa delta.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=93}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=45-46}}. }}</ref> ===Rafin Bakar Nilu=== [[File:Lower Aber river and tributaries.png|thumb|Asalin Bakar Nilu yana daga Gish Abay a ƙasan layin haske. Kogin yana gudana zuwa arewa daga nan zuwa Tafkin Tana.|alt=Taswirar Habasha, tana nuna wani bangare na Bakar Nilu da Tafkin Tana.]] Tsawon hanyar Nilu{{snd}}wanda ya hada da rafi Farar Nilu{{snd}}yana da wasu rafuka. Yankunan kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu da Atbarah su ne yankuna na ƙarshe na kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Bakar Nilu yana fitowa daga tsaunuka a Habasha inda yake farawa a matsayin rafin da ake kira ''Abay'' kusa da garin Gish Abay: {{lang|am|Gish}} kalma ce ta Amharic wadda ke nufin 'tushen', kuma Abay shi ne sunan rafin.<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}. |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=88-104}}. Overview of Blue Nile. }}</ref> Gish Abay yana shiga Tafkin Tana, tafki mai faɗi kuma ba shi da zurfi, wanda ke da hanya guda ta fita inda ya karɓi sunan "Bakar Nilu". Kogin daga nan yana yin babban lankwasawa: da farko zuwa kudu, sannan yamma ta cikin kwarin mai ban mamaki mai zurfin {{convert|2 |km|ft|sp=us}}, sannan arewa yana shiga Kudancin Sudan zuwa Sudan, inda ya hade da Farar Nilu a Khartoum ya zama Babban Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009}}. }}</ref> A hanyarsa, Bakar Nilu yana samar da wutar lantarki a wurare da dama, ciki har da Tis Abay hydropower project a Bakar Nilu Falls, Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam kusa da iyakar Habasha da Kudancin Sudan, Roseires Dam kusa da garin Ad Damazin, da Sennar Dam.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=274, 339}}. Blue Nile Falls. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=116,135}}. Roseires Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=341}}. Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=118, 131, 348}}. Sennar Dam. }}</ref> Girman kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu ya fi kilomita murabba’i 306,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} ===Rafin Atbarah=== Kogin Atbarah rafi ne na Nilu wanda yake fitowa daga arewacin Habasha, kuma yana hade da Nilu kusan {{convert|320|km|mi|sp=us}} arewa da Khartoum.<ref name=Atbarah/> Yankin kwaruruwansa ya fi kilomita murabba’i 204,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} Atbarah yana da gudu mai yawa a lokacin da bayan damina a Habasha (lokacin bazara da kaka), amma yana iya bushewa a lokacin hunturu da bazara. Duk da kasancewar rafin yana yawan yankewa, yana bayar da fiye da kashi 10% na jimillar ruwan shekara na Nilu.<ref name=Atbarah>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=7}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=339}}. }}</ref> Dam-dam da ke kan Atbarah sun hada da Khashm el-Girba Dam, Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex, da Tekezé Dam (a kan rafin Tekezé).<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=321,336–337}}. Tekezé Dam. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=359}}. Khashm el-Girba Dam. |{{harvnb|Hafez |2024}}. Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex. }}</ref> ==Ruwan Kogin== {{Nile River routemap}} [[File:Monthly variations of the flow of the Nile River.svg|thumb|upright=1.25|alt=Zane yana nuna sauyin ruwan Nilu a kowace shekara cikin mita kubik a sakan. Darajoji (Janairu zuwa Disamba) su ne 1285.7, 1006.0, 831.3, 881.7, 828.7, 845.2, 1930.3, 6984.0, 7866.5, 4895.2, 2510.8, 1596.9.|Gudun ruwan Nilu yana bambanta sosai a duk shekara. An auna darajoji (m³/s) a Dongola a kan babban Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin Dongola", ''Global Runoff Data Center''}}{{efn|name=exclGERD}} ]] ===Gudun ruwa da ambaliya=== {{further|Flooding of the Nile}} Ko da yake Nilu shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, ba shi da mafi girman gudun ruwa. Gudunsa{{snd}}kimanin 87 km³ a shekara{{efn| name=discharge}}{{snd}}ya yi ƙanƙanta idan aka kwatanta da manyan koguna. Gudun Nilu kusan kashi 1% ne na Amazon, 6% na Congo, da 12% na Yangtze.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=4}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=11}}. }}</ref>{{efn|An yi kwatancen ne da gudun Nilu da aka auna a Aswan. Gudun Nilu zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum ya fi ƙanƙanta.{{efn| name=discharge}} }} Gudun shekara-shekara daga manyan rassan uku na Nilu: 54% daga Blue Nile, 32% daga White Nile (ciki har da gudun Bahr el Ghazal da Sobat), da 14% daga Atbarah.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc= Table 4. Based on annual discharge figures: Blue Nile 48 km³; White Nile 28 km³; Atbarah 12 km³ }} Dutsen White Nile da Blue Nile suna samun ruwan sama na yanayi, amma gudun White Nile ya fi daidaito fiye da Blue Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Wannan saboda tafkuna da fadamomi da yawa a White Nile suna rage tasirin yanayin ruwan sama.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=357}} Yayin da White Nile ke wucewa ta cikin fadamar Sudd, kusan rabin ruwan yana ɓacewa ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=346}} A gefe guda, gudun Blue Nile yana bambanta sosai: yana ambaliya daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba saboda ruwan sama na damina.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan Blue Nile ya yi yawa a lokacin damina har White Nile ke ja baya a wurin haɗuwar koguna.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Ghabbour|2009|pp=503–504}}. }}</ref> A lokacin ambaliya, gudun ruwa zuwa babban Nilu kusan 70% daga Blue Nile, 20% daga Atbarah, da 10% daga White Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A kololuwar ambaliya, gudun yau da kullum zuwa Lake Nasser kusan 0.71 km³, sau uku fiye da matsakaicin gudun yau da kullum na shekara 0.23 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. Summer flood: 25.1 billion ft³ per day, or 0.71 km³ per day. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 4}}. Annual mean measured at Dongola station: 83 km³ per year, or 0.23 km³ per day. }}</ref>{{efn|name=exclGERD}}{{ efn| Yayin da gudun Blue Nile ke raguwa a lokacin sanyi, ruwan White Nile da aka tara yana ƙaruwa a Khartoum. A Afrilu da Mayu, White Nile yana bayar da kusan 80% na ruwan Nilu. Wannan ya ba da damar yin ban ruwa a duk shekara.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=5}} }} Kafin a gina madatsun ruwa a Nilu, gudun ruwan Nilu a Masar yana bambanta da yanayi: ya fi yawa a lokacin bazara/damina; ya fi ƙanƙanta a lokacin sanyi/bazara.{{efn| Ƙarfin ambaliyar Nilu na shekara-shekara yana iya bambanta sosai daga shekara zuwa shekara. Lokutan ƙarancin ambaliya na iya ɗaukar shekaru da dama ko ƙarni.{{sfn|Collins|2002|pp=20-26}} }} Amma bayan gina Aswan High Dam{{snd}}wanda ya ƙirƙiri tafkin da zai iya riƙe kusan shekaru biyu na gudun ruwa{{snd}} gudun ruwan da ke ƙasa ya fi daidaito a duk shekara.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=45}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Gudun shekara-shekara na kogin a Aswan kusan 84 km³; kuma tafkin Aswan High Dam yana iya riƙe kusan 160 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p= 8644 |loc=section 3.5.4}}. }}</ref> }} === Jigilar laka === Nilu yana ɗaukar laka zuwa ƙasa. Motsin laka ana rarrabe shi zuwa laka mai shawagi (wanda ke shawagi a cikin ruwa) ko laka mai nauyi (wanda ke kan ƙasan kogi).{{sfn|Lemma |2019|p=1}} Kashi 97% na laka da Nilu ke ɗauka daga Atbarah da Blue Nile ne, dukkansu daga Habasha.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=38}} Ƙasa a Delta ta Nilu ta samo asali daga duwatsu a Habasha. Jimillar duwatsun da aka nika cikin shekaru miliyan 30 daga asalin Nilu a Habasha kusan 102,000 km³, wanda ya yi daidai da ƙasar Delta ta Nilu kusan 150,000 km³.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=37}} == Muhalli == === Dabbobi === Jimillar nau’in kifaye da aka samu a kwarin Nilu an kiyasta fiye da 800. A cikin kogin kaɗai, nau’in kifaye 128 ne aka samu, daga iyalai 27.<ref name=fish/> Yawancin nau’in kifaye suna cikin iyalai huɗu: Cichlidae (cichlids), Cyprinidae (carp), Mormyridae (elephantfish), da Mochokidae (catfish).{{sfn|Witte|2009|p=647 }} Wasu nau’in Cichlid suna cikin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka.<ref name=fish>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Witte|2009|pp=647, 651–652 }}. |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. }}</ref> Baya ga kifaye, dabbobin da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwan Nilu a wasu lokuta sun haɗa da hipopotamus, kada na Nilu, da buffalo na Afirka. Wasu halittun ruwa sun haɗa da molluscs, crab, da shrimp. <ref name=animals/> Dabbobi da yawa suna rayuwa a cikin muhallin bakin kogi, ciki har da giwaye, antelope, da giraffe.<ref name=animals/> Ƙwaryar da aka samu a tafkunan Nilu suna ɗauke da ƙwari masu cutarwa (blood flukes) waɗanda ke haifar da schistosomiasis ga dabbobi da mutane.{{sfn| Green|2009|p=205}} Tsuntsaye da ke rayuwa a bakin Nilu sun haɗa da herons, kingfishers, ospreys, da nau’o’in storks ciki har da shoebills.<ref name=animals>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=189}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Van Damme|Bocxlaer |2009|pp=585}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont |2009|pp=10–11}}. |{{harvnb|Green|El-Moghraby|2009|pp=193,196–197,201–202}}. }}</ref> Wasu nau’in tsuntsaye suna da alaƙa da kwarin Nilu kaɗai (misali blue-winged goose), yayin da wasu suna da yaduwar duniya (misali moorhen da osprey).{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Wasu nau’in heron, ducks, geese, da egrets suna rayuwa a kwarin duk shekara, kuma nau’in ducks da geese 14 suna zuwa ne kawai a lokacin sanyi.{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Yawancin gulls da terns a kwarin suna yin hijira. A cikin shekaru dubu da suka gabata, wasu nau’in tsuntsaye sun ragu saboda mamayar ɗan adam a muhallinsu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Green|2009a|p=705}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53-55,58,70}}. }}</ref> === Tsirrai === [[File:Nymphaea lotus1XMATT.jpg|thumb|alt= Furen fari da ganyaye masu kore suna shawagi a saman ruwa.|Nymphaea lotus (furen lotus na Masar) yana asali daga ruwan kwanciyar hankali na kwarin Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|pp=205,207}}. |{{harvnb| Vijverberg|2009|p=166}}. }}</ref>]] Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka na kwarin Nilu ya ƙunshi tsirrai kamar water lily, papyrus, da water hyacinth. Water hyacinth tsiro ne mai mamaya, kuma ya shafi tsirrai na asali a Lake Kyoga.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. |{{harvnb| Dumont|2009|p=13}}. }}</ref> Tsirrai da aka saba a fadamar Sudd sun haɗa da Vossia, hippo grass, reed mace, ambatch, da papyrus. Sudd kuma tana ɗauke da tsirrai da ke rayuwa a cikin ƙaramin ambaliya, misali Oryza, antelope grass, da Phragmites.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=350}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> === Gurbatar muhalli === A tarihi, ruwan Nilu ya kasance mai kyau don sha, amma a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, ya zama ba shi da lafiya a wasu wurare.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|Talling|2009a|p=368}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Jack Talling ya rubuta "Abubuwa biyu na ruwan Nilu na ƙasa sun jawo hankali{{snd}} cewa yana da inganci don sha da ban ruwa, kuma cewa yana ɗauke da yawan laka a yanayi."{{sfn|Talling|2009a|p=368}} }} Gurɓatawa ya fi yawa a Lake Tana, kusa da manyan birane, da Delta ta Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|El-Sheekh|2009|pp=395–396}}. }}</ref> Asalin gurɓatawa a Nilu sun haɗa da aikin gona, masana’antu, da shara na gida. Akwai masana’antu 36 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa kai tsaye cikin Nilu, da 41 cikin tashoshin ban ruwa. Waɗannan masana’antu sun haɗa da: sinadarai, lantarki, injiniya, takin zamani, abinci, ƙarfe, hakar ma’adinai, mai da sabulu, takarda, masana’antar zane da itace. Akwai fiye da magudanan aikin gona 90 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa cikin Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin National Water Quality", ''Nile Basin Initiative''|pp=12-22}} Gurbatar kogi ya fi yawa tsakanin Aswan da Tekun Bahar Rum. Gurɓatar nan ya fito daga ayyukan ɗan adam, zubar aikin gona, da shara na masana’antu. Gurɓataccen abu yana ƙaruwa yayin da kogi ke tafiya ƙasa saboda taruwar gurɓatawa.<ref name=delta>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hegab|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=75}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53,59,69}}. }}</ref> Delta tana da sauƙin taruwar gurɓatawa saboda rashin motsin ruwa mai kyau, ƙasa mai laushi, da yawan laka a ƙasan kogi.{{sfn|Abotalib|2023}} === Kariya da tasirin ɗan adam === [[File:Murchison Falls, Uganda (23475021234).jpg|thumb|Murchison Falls a White Nile|alt=Babban rafin ruwa, da dazuzzuka a bangarorin biyu.]] Kwarin Nilu ya kasance mai ɗanɗano da danshi daga shekaru 15,000 da suka gabata zuwa 5,000, wanda ya ba da damar fara aikin gona mai girma a kusan shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata.<ref name=Humid/> Ci gaban aikin gona ya ƙara tasiri ga muhalli tun daga lokacin, yana haifar da sare dazuzzuka da lalacewar ƙasa.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Tasirin ya ƙara muni saboda yanayin ƙanƙara da ya fara kusan shekaru 4,000 da suka gabata. Wannan ya haifar da yunwa, rikice-rikicen zamantakewa, da lalacewar muhalli.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Wasu nau’in dabbobi sun bace a kwarin Nilu saboda ayyukan ɗan adam. Sacred ibis ya kasance mai muh ==Tarihin ɗan Adam== ===Kafin Tarihi=== [[File:The Nile River flows into the Mediterranean Sea (iss071e405499).jpg | thumb | Kogin Nilu (ƙasa) yana gudana ta hamadar Masar, wanda ya kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]].<ref name=Humid/> |alt=Hoton tauraron dan adam na Masar, yana nuna yashi da yawa, tare da kogin mai duhu yana gudana ta cikin yashi, yana shiga cikin teku. ]] Tsofaffin kakanni na jinsin ɗan Adam sun zauna kusa da kwarin Nilu. An gano ƙashin [[Australopithecus afarensis]] da aka fi sani da [[Lucy (hominid)|Lucy]] a gabashin iyakar kwarin. [[Olduvai Gorge]]{{snd}}inda aka fara gano ƙashin [[Homo habilis]]{{snd}}yana kudu da kwarin.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=246,346}}</ref> A cikin kwarin Nilu, wurin binciken [[Nyayanga]] a gabashin gabar Tafkin Victoria yana da kayan aikin [[Oldowan]] tun shekaru miliyan 2.6 da suka wuce.<ref>{{harvnb|Plummer|2023}}</ref>{{efn| Kogin Nilu da Tafkin Victoria ba su kasance a irin wannan siffar ba a lokacin [[Australopithecus afarensis]], [[Homo habilis]], ko [[Oldowan|masana'antar Oldowan]].<ref>{{harvnb|Abdelsalam|2018|pp=742,768|loc=Figures 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D}}</ref> }} An gano zaman ɗan Adam a bakin Nilu tsakanin shekaru 12,000 zuwa 20,000 da suka wuce a wurin kusa da garin [[Qurta]] (Masar). Waɗannan mutane sun sassaka [[petroglyphs]] a cikin duwatsu, suna nuna [[auroch]]s, tsuntsaye, [[hippopotamid]]s, barewa, [[hartebeest]], da kifi. Wasu masana sun yi hasashen cewa waɗannan mutane, ko wasu da ke kusa, sun iya fara kiwon tumaki, awaki, ko shanu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=53}}. |{{harvnb|Huyge|2011}}. |{{harvnb|Leplongeon|2017}}. }}</ref> Saharar gabas{{snd}}ciki har da Masar da Sudan{{snd}}ta kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]] wanda ya ɗauki daga kusan shekaru 10,000 zuwa 5,000 da suka wuce. Al’ummomin makiyaya sun bunƙasa a lokacin, amma lokacin da yanayi ya bushe kusan 3,900 K.Z., mutane sun tilasta yin hijira zuwa kwarin Nilu don tsira. Wannan ne asalin al’ummomin [[Nubians|Nubiya]] a Sudan da kuma wayewar Masar ta dā.<ref name=Humid>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Kuper|Kröpelin|2006|pp=803–807}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=47,57}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Culture of the Nile", "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River"}}. Al’adar Nubiya (Sudan) a Sudan. }}</ref> ===Wayewar Masar ta dā=== {{See also|Ancient Egyptian agriculture}} [[File:Journey to Abydos, Tomb of Pairy MET DT10886.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|alt=Zane a bango na jirgin ruwa a kan kogi, tare da Masarawa suna yin iyo|Masarawa sun yi amfani da jiragen ruwa sosai wajen sufuri. Wannan hoto daga [[TT139|Kabari na Pairy]].<ref name=ancientTransport/>]] Kogin Nilu ya kasance cibiyar rayuwar Masar: yana ba da abinci ta hanyar amfanin gona da ya shayar, kuma yana jawo mutuwa lokacin da fari ya jawo gazawar amfanin gona da yunwa. Nilu ya ƙarfafa ci gaban kimiyya da gwamnati: ban ruwa, hasashen ambaliya da haraji duk sun buƙaci sabbin ƙwarewar lissafi da gudanarwa. Hasashen yanayi da taurari ma sun bunƙasa saboda buƙatar Masarawa su fahimci kogin da ambaliyarsa.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=9–10}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=49,63,69}}. }}</ref> Kalanda ta [[Masar ta dā]] ta dogara da zagayen ambaliyar Nilu. Shekara ta kasu kashi uku, kowanne yana da watanni huɗu na kwanaki talatin. Lokutan su ne [[Season of the Inundation|Akhet]] ('ambaliya'), [[Season of the Emergence|Peret]] ('girbi'), da [[Season of the Harvest|Shemu]] ('amfani'). Akhet shi ne lokacin da Nilu ya yi ambaliya, yana barin sabuwar ƙasa mai albarka; Peret shi ne lokacin girma; Shemu kuma lokacin girbi ba tare da ruwan sama ba.<ref name="Seasons">{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=103}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=355}}. Footnote 10. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=62}}. }}</ref> Nilu ya shafi harshensu: kalmomin kwatance sun dogara da mutum da yake fuskantar sama da kogin: kalma ɗaya na iya nufin ''sama'' da ''kudu''; wata kalma na ''hagu'' da ''gabashi''; da wata kalma na ''dama'' da ''yamma''.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=21}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=61}}. }}</ref> Wani lokaci suna kiran ruwan sama da "Nilu a sama".<ref>{{harvnb|Assmann|2001|p=59}}</ref> ===Al’ummomin Nubiya, Habasha, da Nilotic=== [[File:Rulers of Kush, Kerma Museum.jpg|thumb|[[Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt]] ta kasance ƙarƙashin sarakunan [[Kushites|Kushite]], waɗanda aka fi sani da Baƙar Firauna.<ref name=Kushite/>|alt=Hoton gumakan dutse guda bakwai na maza, suna tsaye.]] Kudu da ambaliyar Nilu ta biyu akwai [[Nubia]], inda al’ummomi suka zauna a bakin Nilu (yanzu Sudan) tun ƙarshen lokacin danshi na Afirka.<ref name=Kerma/>{{efn|Wasu masana sun sanya iyakar arewacin Nubia a Ambaliya ta Farko;{{harvnb|Appiah|Gates|2005|pp=1447}} wasu kuma a Ambaliya ta Biyu.{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=93}}}} Waɗannan al’ummomin Nubiya sun bunƙasa tare da wayewar Masar a arewa, amma ba su yi hulɗa sosai ba har sai lokacin [[Old Kingdom of Egypt]] kusan 3,000 K.Z.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Culture of the Nile"}}</ref> Wayewar farko ta Nubia ita ce [[Kerma culture]], daga kusan 2600 K.Z. zuwa 1500 K.Z. Kerma ta fara da kiwon shanu, amma daga baya ta koma noma yayin da Saharar ta bushe.<ref name=Kerma>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=92–95}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Culture of the Nile", "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River"}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=39-42}}. }}</ref> Kusan 780 K.Z., [[Kushite Empire]] ta taso a bakin Nilu, ta mamaye yawancin Masar ƙarƙashin [[Black Pharaoh]]s.<ref name=Kushite>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=92–95}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=60}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=107-115}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River", "Meroe"}}. }}</ref> Bayan zuwan Kiristanci, masarautun Kirista a Nubia (ciki har da [[Nobatia]], [[Makuria]], da [[Alodia]]) sun bunƙasa a bakin Nilu.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "History of Sudan: Arrival of Christianity and Islam"}}</ref> A yankin [[Eritrea]] da arewacin [[Ethiopia]], [[Kingdom of Aksum]] ta bunƙasa daga ƙarni na 1 zuwa 960 Z.Z. Aksum ta fi amfani da Tekun Ja wajen sufuri, amma kogunan Atbarah da Blue Nile suna cikin mulkinsa.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Ethiopia (Abyssinia)"}}</ref> [[Funj Sultanate]] (1504–1821) ta yi mulki a yankin Sudan na zamani.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=102}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Blue Nile River", "History of Sudan: Arrival of Christianity and Islam", "History of Sudan: Modern Period"}}. }}</ref> [[Ethiopian Empire]] (1270–1974) ta mamaye yankin Habasha da Eritrea.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Ethiopia (Abyssinia)"}}</ref> Kogin Nilu ya kasance gida ga [[Nilotic peoples]], manyan al’ummomi da suka samo asali a Sudan ta Kudu, suka yi hijira zuwa Uganda da Kenya.<ref>{{harvnb|Stokes|2009|pp=499-500|loc=Article: "Nilotes"}}</ref> Nilotic sun haɗa da [[Dinka people|Dinka]] da [[Nuer people|Nuer]], manyan kabilu a Sudan ta Kudu; dukkansu makiyaya ne masu yin hijira bisa yanayin ambaliyar Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=138–144}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=70-77}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Sudd", "Dinka", "Nuer"}} }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} qyv3dir2z5m2k7f1raeccja1q88010l 843322 843320 2026-05-30T10:58:14Z Sirjat 20447 /* Wayewar Masar ta dā */ 843322 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nilu''' babban kogi ne da ke arewa maso gabashin Afirka, yana gudana zuwa Bahar Rum. Tsawonsa ya kai {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}}, kuma shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, duk da cewa ba ya ɗaukar ruwa da yawa kamar Amazon ko Congo. Nilu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin muhalli, tattalin arziki, da al’adu na Afirka tsawon dubban shekaru. Nilu yana da manyan rassan ruwa guda biyu: Farin Nilu da Bakin Nilu. Farin Nilu ya fi tsawo kuma ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin kogin, amma Bakin Nilu yana kawo ruwa fiye da sau biyu na Farin Nilu. Farin Nilu yana farawa kusa da Lake Victoria, yana gudana ta Uganda da Sudan ta Kudu; Bakin Nilu kuma yana farawa kusa da Lake Tana a Habasha, yana shiga Sudan daga kudu maso gabas. Sannan sukan haɗu a Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. Daga nan Nilu yana gudana ta hamadar Nubia zuwa Cairo, sannan ya zube cikin Bahar Rum kusa da Alexandria, inda ya kafa babban kwarin Nilu Delta. Kwarin Nilu yana ratsa ƙasashe 11. Yawancin ruwan Nilu yana fitowa daga ruwan sama a ƙasashen da ke sama kamar Habasha, Kenya, Tanzaniya da Uganda. Ƙasashen da ke ƙasa kamar Masar da Sudan suna dogara da ruwan Nilu don ban ruwa. Sauran ƙasashen da ke cikin kwarin sun haɗa da Burundi, DR Congo, Eritrea da Rwanda. Nilu ya kasance ginshiƙin ƙasar Masar ta dā, inda ambaliyar shekara-shekara ta kawo ƙasa mai gina amfanin gona. Wannan ƙasa ta tallafa wa noma da rayuwa a cikin hamada. Nilu ya sauƙaƙa kasuwanci, sadarwa, sufuri, da mulki. A kudu da cataract na biyu akwai Nubia, inda tsoffin al’ummomi irin su Kerma da Daular Kush suka zauna. A ƙarni na 19, Turawa sun yi bincike a kusa da Lake Victoria don gano asalin kogin. A yau, al’ummomin Nilotic suna rayuwa a gefen Nilu, suna kiwon shanu ta hanyar yin hijira bisa yanayin ambaliyar Nilu. A zamanin yau, Nilu yana da muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin Masar da Sudan, inda ake amfani da shi wajen ban ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki. Tun daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, an gina dam fiye da goma sha biyu a kwarin Nilu. Wadannan dam sun canza tsarin ambaliyar shekara-shekara, sun rage yawan laka da ke zuwa ƙasa, wanda ya sa Nilu Delta ke raguwa. Wasu dam kamar Aswan High Dam da Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam sun haifar da rikice-rikicen siyasa kan ƙarancin ruwa, tsaro, abinci, da tilasta ƙaura. == Sunaye da Asalin Suna == Kalmar Turanci "Nile" ta samo asali daga Latin ''Nilus'' da Greek ''Neilos'', wanda wataƙila ya samo asali daga kalmar Semitic ''naḥal'' ma’ana 'kogi'.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A cikin tsohuwar harshen Masar, kalma ɗaya ake amfani da ita don 'Nilu' da 'kogi': ''jtrw''.{{sfn|Allen|2000|pp=21,101}} Masarawa sun kira ƙasarsu ''kmt'' ma’ana 'baƙi', don nuni da launin ruwan ambaliyar Nilu mai ɗauke da laka daga sama.{{sfn|Allen|2000|p=339, 470}} Sunan Turanci "Blue Nile" fassarar sunan Larabci ne ''Al-Baḥr Al-Azraq''.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A zamanin yau, kogin yana da sunaye daban-daban a cikin kwarin Nilu. A Masar ana kiransa ''Al-Nīl'', ''Baḥr Al-Nīl'' ko ''Nahr Al-Nīl''.<ref name=Barh>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Badawi|2003 |p=717}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> A Sudan ta Kudu ana kiransa ''Baḥr el-Jebel'' ma’ana 'Kogin Dutsen'.{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}} A Uganda, masu magana da Luganda suna kiransa ''Kiyira''.{{sfn|Hamilton |2016|p=66}} Wasu mutanen Nubia na Masar da Sudan suna amfani da sunan Nobiin ''Áman Dawū'' ('Babban Ruwa').{{sfn|Murray| 1923|p=8}} Wasu rassan ruwa da sassan kogin suna ɗauke da sunan "Nile", ciki har da: * Albert Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Albert zuwa Nimule<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|pp=5,6,40}}. |{{harvnb| Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}}. }}</ref> * Black Nile — wani suna na Atbarah River<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Haupt|1926|p=305}}. |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|p=24}}. }}</ref> * Blue Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Kyoga Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Kyoga zuwa Lake Albert{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}} * Main Nile — ɓangaren Nilu bayan haɗuwar Bakin Nilu da Farin Nilu{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=4}} * Mountain Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga duwatsun Uganda zuwa filayen Sudan ta Kudu{{sfn|Talling|2009|p=390}} * Victoria Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Victoria zuwa Lake Kyoga{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=5}} * White Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Yellow Nile — Wadi Howar, tsohon rassa da ya bushe shekaru dubban da suka wuce{{sfn| Dumont|2009|p=4}} == Asali == [[File:Nile River Sources.svg|thumb|Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka. Nilu yana bayyana a matsayin layi mai lanƙwasa mai shuɗi, yana farawa daga ƙasa a cikin daji mai kore, sannan ya tafi sama ya ƙare a Bahar Rum.|Nilu yana da cataracts guda shida da kuma asali da dama.{{efn|Wasu daga cikin cataracts sun nutse saboda madatsun ruwa da aka gina.}}]] Asalin Nilu yana daga wani rassa na Rukarara River, a cikin Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda, a {{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E}}, a tsayin {{convert|2,539|m|ft|sp=us}}.<ref name=SourceCite>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Liu|2009}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=277–278}}. }}</ref>{{efn |name=sourceNote|An fara gano wurin a 1969 ta masu bincike daga Waseda University.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2006, wasu masu yawon buɗe ido suka sake gano wurin, suka sanya alama a wani itace kusa ({{Coord|2|16|56|S|29|19|53|E|display=inline}}) wanda yanzu wurin yawon buɗe ido ne.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2009, masana suka yi amfani da hotunan tauraron dan adam don ƙara daidaita wurin, suka sanya shi a wani rijiya ({{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E|display=inline}}) da ke nesa da wurin na 1969/2006.<ref name=SourceCite/>}} Asalin yana nufin farkon ruwan da ke gudana duk shekara a cikin kwarin Nilu.<ref name=SourceCite/> Daga wannan asali, kogin yana gudana {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}} zuwa bakin Bahar Rum.<ref name=SourceCite/>{{efn|name=longest}} Tsawon an auna shi a 2009 ta hanyar hotunan tauraron dan adam.<ref name=SourceCite/> Mafi tsayin asalin Nilu yana kan duwatsun Rwenzori a Uganda.<ref name=Rwenz/> Duwatsun da ake kira “Mountains of the Moon” da Ptolemy ya bayyana sun danganta da Rwenzori.<ref name=Rwenz>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont|2009|pp=243–246}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=282}}. }}</ref> Asalin da ya fi kudu yana Burundi a Ruvyironza River, wanda ke shiga Kagera River.<ref name=southSource/> An gina wani abin tunawa a kusa da Rutovu a 1937 ta Burkhart Waldecker.<ref name=southSource>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-29}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=300–301}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. |{{harvnb|Warburg|2007|pp=475,483-484}}. |{{harvnb|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Abin tunawa yana a {{Coord|3|54|54.0|S|29|50|16.5|E}}.{{sfn|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}} }} Lake Victoria — wanda Tanzaniya, Uganda da Kenya ke rabawa — wani lokaci ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin Nilu, saboda yana ciyar da Farin Nilu daga Jinja, Uganda.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=6}}{{efn|Nilu yana fita daga Lake Victoria a Jinja, inda ake da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ake kira "source of the Nile".{{Sfn|Walubiri|2018}}}} Wasu kuma suna ganin asalin gaskiya shi ne gajimare na ruwan sama da ke sama da Lake Victoria, saboda su ne ke kawo mafi yawan ruwan tafkin.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=340-341}}. |{{harvnb|Camberlin|2009|pp=312-314}}. }}</ref> Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusa da Gish Abay, kudu da Lake Tana.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}{{efn|Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusan km 75 kudu da Lake Tana, a {{Coord|10.9699|N|37.1986|E|format=dms}}.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}}} == Yanayin ƙasa == [[File:Nile River Landmarks.svg|thumb|Ruwan Kogin Nilu yana samo asali ne daga ruwan sama da ke sauka a tsaunukan yankunan kudu da gabashin Kwarin Nilu.|alt=Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka, tana nuna wuraren wasu birane da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ke kan kogin.]] Kogin Nilu babban kogi ne a arewa maso gabashin Afirka wanda ke kwarara zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum. Kwarin Nilu shi ne dukkan yankin ƙasa da ruwansa ke gangarowa zuwa Kogin Nilu, kuma yana da faɗin kilomita murabba'i 2,927,843{{snd}}kimanin kashi 10% na nahiyar Afirka (duba taswirar da ke kusa).<ref name=basinSize/> Kasashe goma sha ɗaya ne gaba ɗaya ko wani ɓangarensu ke cikin wannan kwari: Burundi, Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo, Masar, Eritrea, Habasha, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan ta Kudu, Sudan, Tanzaniya da Uganda.{{sfn|Allan|2009|p=753}}{{efn|A shekara ta 2011, Sudan ta Kudu ta balle daga Sudan, ta zama ƙasa ta goma sha ɗaya a Kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=18}}}} Wannan kwari ya ƙunshi nau'o'in yanayi, tsarin muhalli da siffofin ƙasa iri-iri{{snd}}daga hamada masu yashi da fari a arewa, zuwa filayen fadama masu laushi a tsakiyar yankin, zuwa tsaunuka masu dazuzzuka da yawan ruwan sama a kudu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=335-340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=5}}. }}</ref> Ana iya raba Kwarin Nilu zuwa yankuna bakwai; biyar daga cikinsu suna ɗauke da mafi tsawon hanyar da Kogin Nilu yake bi. Idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan yankuna biyar su ne: Tafkunan Manyan Afirka, Nilu na Tsaunuka, Farin Nilu, Babban Nilu, da Delta ta Nilu. Yankuna biyu na ƙari suna ɗauke da manyan rafukan da ke shiga Nilu: Shuɗin Nilu da Kogin Atbarah.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} === Tafkunan Manyan Afirka === Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka yana ɗauke da asalin Kogin Nilu tare da wasu manyan tafkuna da suke cikin tsarin Kogin Nilu: Tafkin Victoria, Tafkin Albert, Tafkin George da Tafkin Edward.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont |2009|p=255}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-46}}. Bayanin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka. }}</ref> Asalin Kogin Nilu shi ne Kogin Rukarara da ke cikin Gandun Dajin Ƙasa na Nyungwe a Rwanda,<ref name=SourceCite/> kuma yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera wanda ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}}{{efn|name=sourceRivSequence|Asalin Kogin Nilu yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Rukarara, sannan zuwa Kogin Mwogo, wanda ke haɗuwa da Kogin Mbirurume ya zama Kogin Nyabarongo, wanda ke kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera, wanda kuma ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=260,263,277–278}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. }}</ref> }} Ko da yake babban tafki ne{{snd}}na biyu mafi girman tafkin ruwa mai ɗanɗano a duniya idan aka auna faɗi{{efn|An auna ne ta fuskar faɗin ƙasa, ba girman ruwa ba.}}{{snd}} Tafkin Victoria ba shi da zurfi sosai, domin matsakaicin zurfinsa kusan mita 40 ne.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=214}} Kogin yana fara ɗaukar sunan “Nilu” ne a inda Tafkin Victoria ke zubar da ruwa daga arewacinsa: sashen daga nan zuwa Tafkin Albert ana kiransa Victoria Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan faɗuwa guda biyu{{snd}}Ripon Falls da Owen Falls{{snd}}sun kasance a wurin da Nilu ke fita daga Tafkin Victoria, amma an nutsar da su bayan gina Dam ɗin Nalubaale. Bayan Bujagali Falls da Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Bujagali, Victoria Nile yana zubowa cikin Tafkin Kyoga. Bayan ya fita daga Tafkin Kyoga, Kogin Kafu yana shiga cikinsa, sannan ya ratsa Murchison Falls ya shiga Tafkin Albert. Ba kamar Tafkin Victoria ba, Tafkin Albert tafki ne mai zurfi wanda tsaunuka suka kewaye shi. Kogin yana fita daga tafkin a gefen arewarsa, inda ake kiransa Albert Nile; wannan sashe na kogin yana da shimfiɗa kuma faffaɗa, kuma ya dace da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa masu tururi.<ref name=phys>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=336–339}}. }}</ref> === Nilu na Tsaunuka === Yanki na biyu na Kwarin Nilu idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa shi ne Nilu na Tsaunuka ({{langx|ar-latn|Bahr al Jabal}}).<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. }}</ref> Wannan yanki yana farawa kusa da garin Nimule, yana kaiwa zuwa Tafkin No, kuma gaba ɗayansa yana cikin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan ya ratsa Nimule, kogin yana wucewa ta Fula Rapids sannan ya isa Juba{{snd}}babban birnin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan Juba, Nilu yana ratsa garin Bor sannan ya shiga Sudd, wata babbar fadama da ke kan shimfiɗaɗɗen fili.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=47-69}}.</ref> Gangarar ƙasar a yankin Sudd kusan 1:13,000 ce kawai, saboda haka kogin yana tafiya a hankali kuma yana faɗaɗa. Tsire-tsire masu yalwa ciki har da sedges, papyrus da water hyacinth na gama gari (wani nau'in tsiro mai mamaye muhalli) suna toshe hanyoyin ruwa kuma suna wahalar da zirga-zirga. A gefen arewa na fadamar Sudd, Nilu yana wucewa ta Tafkin No, ƙaramin tafki inda Kogin Bahr el Ghazal (wato “kogin barewa” a Larabci) ke shiga cikinsa daga yamma.<ref name=phys/> ===Yankin Farar Nilu=== [[File:Whiteandblueniles.jpg|thumb|alt=Hoton sama na Khartoum, yana nuna haduwar koguna biyu, kowanne da launin ruwansa daban|Launuka daban-daban na Farar Nilu (hagu) da Bakar Nilu (dama) suna bayyana inda suka hade suka zama babban Nilu (hagu sama).]] Yayin da ake ci gaba da tafiya ƙasa, yankin na uku na kwarin Nilu shi ne yankin Farar Nilu{{efn|Yankin Farar Nilu, kamar yadda aka bayyana nan, yana dauke da karamin bangare na babban Kogin Farar Nilu.}} wanda ya hada da tsawon {{convert|800 |km|mi|sp=us}} daga kusa da Malakal zuwa Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. A nan ne Bakar Nilu ya hade da shi. Wannan bangaren kogin yana da faɗi, kwanciyar hankali, tare da ciyayi da fadamomi a bakin koguna. Kogin nan ba shi da zurfi kuma yana rasa ruwa sosai ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Inda Farar Nilu ya hade da Bakar Nilu, launukansu suna bambanta sosai. Farar Nilu ya fi haske saboda yashi da yake dauke da [[quartz]] da [[feldspar]]. Wannan ya bambanta da Bakar Nilu wanda ke dauke da laka mai duhu daga duwatsun [[basaltic rock]] na Habasha.{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|pp=44-45}} Kogin Sobat shi ne rafi wanda ke hade da Farar Nilu kusa da garin Malakal (bayan haduwar Bahr el Ghazal, kafin Bakar Nilu). Yankinsa{{snd}}wanda ya hada da [[Machar Marshes]]{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}}{{snd}}yana dauke da kusan kilomita murabba’i 225,000.{{sfn|Shahin|2002|p=276}} Sobat yana ambaliya tsakanin Yuli da Disamba.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} ===Babban Nilu=== [[File:Assuan-Hochdamm 15.JPG|thumb|Babban Dam na Aswan yana kan babban Nilu kusa da iyakar Misira da Sudan. Injinan lantarki na dam din suna da karfin samar da 2.1 [[gigawatt]]s.{{sfn|El-Shabrawy|2009| p= 149}}|alt=Ginin kankare mai girma kusa da tafkin shiru. Manyan hasumiyoyin wutar lantarki suna kusa da ginin.]] Yankin na hudu na kwarin Nilu{{snd}}babban Nilu{{efn|Bangaren Nilu tsakanin haduwar Bakar/Farar Nilu da Bahar Rum ana kiransa Babban Nilu ko Saharan Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=360}}. |{{harvnb|Williams|2009|p=62}}. }}</ref> }}{{snd}}yana daga Khartoum zuwa Cairo, babban birnin Misira.<ref name=phys/> Wannan bangaren yana da faɗi da zurfi mai daidaito: kusan {{convert|500|m|ft|sp=us}} faɗi da {{convert|10|m|ft|sp=us}} zurfi a wurin da ya fi zurfi (idan ba ambaliya ba).{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|p=45}} Da zarar ya bar Khartoum, kogin ya shiga Sabaloka Game Reserve kuma ya ratsa manyan rafuka masu ƙarfi da ba a iya ketarewa da jirgin ruwa. Wannan shi ne na shida (kuma mafi kusa da sama) daga cikin rafuka shida na Nilu. Kogin Atbarah{{snd}}babban rafi{{snd}}yana hade da Nilu, wanda daga nan ya bi babban lankwasawa S zuwa yamma. Ana samun sauran rafuka hudu (lamba 5, 4, 3, da 2) a cikin wannan lankwasawa S, wanda ya sa kogin ba ya iya ketarewa; duk da haka jiragen ruwa na iya tafiya a wasu wuraren da ba su da rafuka. Kogin daga nan ya shiga tafkin Nasser. Wannan tafki{{snd}}tafki na biyu mafi girma da mutum ya yi a duniya{{snd}}an kafa shi ne lokacin da aka gina Babban Dam na Aswan a Misira, kuma ya mamaye fiye da {{convert|480 |km|mi|sp=us}} na Nilu. Dam na Aswan Low{{snd}}wanda ya fi tsoho kuma ya fi ƙanƙanta{{snd}}yana ƙasa da Babban Dam na Aswan, kusa da wurin rafin farko na Nilu (wanda yanzu ya nutse). Daga wadannan dam-dam, Nilu yana gudana kusan {{convert|800|km|mi|sp=us}} ta cikin dutsen limestone, tare da gonaki masu ban ruwa, har sai ya isa Cairo.<ref name=phys/> ===Delta na Nilu=== [[File:Nile River and delta from orbit.jpg|thumb|Delta na Nilu shi ne babban yanki mai siffar alwatika da ciyayi a saman wannan hoto, inda kogin ya zuba cikin Bahar Rum.|alt=Hoton arewacin Misira, wanda aka dauka daga sararin samaniya. Nilu ya kare ta hanyar shiga Bahar Rum, yana samar da babban yanki mai siffar alwatika.]] Yankin na biyar, kuma na ƙarshe, wanda ya kunshi Kogin Nilu shi ne Delta na Nilu, babban [[delta]] mai siffar alwatika (kimanin 22,000&nbsp;km{{super|2}}){{sfn|Hamza|2009|p=75}} wanda ya fara daga Cairo zuwa Bahar Rum.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Kogin ya rabu zuwa manyan hanyoyi biyu a cikin delta: reshen Rosetta da reshen Damietta. Jimillar girman delta (ciki har da bangaren da ya nutse) kusan 150,000&nbsp;km{{super|3}}. Delta an gina shi tsawon miliyoyin shekaru, daga yashi da kogin ya kawo daga sama.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Talbot|Williams|2009|pp=37–40, 57}}. }}</ref> Tun bayan kammala Babban Dam na Aswan a 1970, delta ya fara raguwa saboda lalacewar ruwan Bahar Rum. A da, lalacewar tana daidaita da sabbin ƙasa daga yashi da kogin ya kawo; amma dam yana rike yashi a tafkin sa, yana hana sabuwar ƙasa isa delta.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=93}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=45-46}}. }}</ref> ===Rafin Bakar Nilu=== [[File:Lower Aber river and tributaries.png|thumb|Asalin Bakar Nilu yana daga Gish Abay a ƙasan layin haske. Kogin yana gudana zuwa arewa daga nan zuwa Tafkin Tana.|alt=Taswirar Habasha, tana nuna wani bangare na Bakar Nilu da Tafkin Tana.]] Tsawon hanyar Nilu{{snd}}wanda ya hada da rafi Farar Nilu{{snd}}yana da wasu rafuka. Yankunan kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu da Atbarah su ne yankuna na ƙarshe na kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Bakar Nilu yana fitowa daga tsaunuka a Habasha inda yake farawa a matsayin rafin da ake kira ''Abay'' kusa da garin Gish Abay: {{lang|am|Gish}} kalma ce ta Amharic wadda ke nufin 'tushen', kuma Abay shi ne sunan rafin.<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}. |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=88-104}}. Overview of Blue Nile. }}</ref> Gish Abay yana shiga Tafkin Tana, tafki mai faɗi kuma ba shi da zurfi, wanda ke da hanya guda ta fita inda ya karɓi sunan "Bakar Nilu". Kogin daga nan yana yin babban lankwasawa: da farko zuwa kudu, sannan yamma ta cikin kwarin mai ban mamaki mai zurfin {{convert|2 |km|ft|sp=us}}, sannan arewa yana shiga Kudancin Sudan zuwa Sudan, inda ya hade da Farar Nilu a Khartoum ya zama Babban Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009}}. }}</ref> A hanyarsa, Bakar Nilu yana samar da wutar lantarki a wurare da dama, ciki har da Tis Abay hydropower project a Bakar Nilu Falls, Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam kusa da iyakar Habasha da Kudancin Sudan, Roseires Dam kusa da garin Ad Damazin, da Sennar Dam.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=274, 339}}. Blue Nile Falls. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=116,135}}. Roseires Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=341}}. Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=118, 131, 348}}. Sennar Dam. }}</ref> Girman kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu ya fi kilomita murabba’i 306,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} ===Rafin Atbarah=== Kogin Atbarah rafi ne na Nilu wanda yake fitowa daga arewacin Habasha, kuma yana hade da Nilu kusan {{convert|320|km|mi|sp=us}} arewa da Khartoum.<ref name=Atbarah/> Yankin kwaruruwansa ya fi kilomita murabba’i 204,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} Atbarah yana da gudu mai yawa a lokacin da bayan damina a Habasha (lokacin bazara da kaka), amma yana iya bushewa a lokacin hunturu da bazara. Duk da kasancewar rafin yana yawan yankewa, yana bayar da fiye da kashi 10% na jimillar ruwan shekara na Nilu.<ref name=Atbarah>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=7}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=339}}. }}</ref> Dam-dam da ke kan Atbarah sun hada da Khashm el-Girba Dam, Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex, da Tekezé Dam (a kan rafin Tekezé).<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=321,336–337}}. Tekezé Dam. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=359}}. Khashm el-Girba Dam. |{{harvnb|Hafez |2024}}. Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex. }}</ref> ==Ruwan Kogin== {{Nile River routemap}} [[File:Monthly variations of the flow of the Nile River.svg|thumb|upright=1.25|alt=Zane yana nuna sauyin ruwan Nilu a kowace shekara cikin mita kubik a sakan. Darajoji (Janairu zuwa Disamba) su ne 1285.7, 1006.0, 831.3, 881.7, 828.7, 845.2, 1930.3, 6984.0, 7866.5, 4895.2, 2510.8, 1596.9.|Gudun ruwan Nilu yana bambanta sosai a duk shekara. An auna darajoji (m³/s) a Dongola a kan babban Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin Dongola", ''Global Runoff Data Center''}}{{efn|name=exclGERD}} ]] ===Gudun ruwa da ambaliya=== {{further|Flooding of the Nile}} Ko da yake Nilu shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, ba shi da mafi girman gudun ruwa. Gudunsa{{snd}}kimanin 87 km³ a shekara{{efn| name=discharge}}{{snd}}ya yi ƙanƙanta idan aka kwatanta da manyan koguna. Gudun Nilu kusan kashi 1% ne na Amazon, 6% na Congo, da 12% na Yangtze.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=4}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=11}}. }}</ref>{{efn|An yi kwatancen ne da gudun Nilu da aka auna a Aswan. Gudun Nilu zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum ya fi ƙanƙanta.{{efn| name=discharge}} }} Gudun shekara-shekara daga manyan rassan uku na Nilu: 54% daga Blue Nile, 32% daga White Nile (ciki har da gudun Bahr el Ghazal da Sobat), da 14% daga Atbarah.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc= Table 4. Based on annual discharge figures: Blue Nile 48 km³; White Nile 28 km³; Atbarah 12 km³ }} Dutsen White Nile da Blue Nile suna samun ruwan sama na yanayi, amma gudun White Nile ya fi daidaito fiye da Blue Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Wannan saboda tafkuna da fadamomi da yawa a White Nile suna rage tasirin yanayin ruwan sama.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=357}} Yayin da White Nile ke wucewa ta cikin fadamar Sudd, kusan rabin ruwan yana ɓacewa ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=346}} A gefe guda, gudun Blue Nile yana bambanta sosai: yana ambaliya daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba saboda ruwan sama na damina.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan Blue Nile ya yi yawa a lokacin damina har White Nile ke ja baya a wurin haɗuwar koguna.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Ghabbour|2009|pp=503–504}}. }}</ref> A lokacin ambaliya, gudun ruwa zuwa babban Nilu kusan 70% daga Blue Nile, 20% daga Atbarah, da 10% daga White Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A kololuwar ambaliya, gudun yau da kullum zuwa Lake Nasser kusan 0.71 km³, sau uku fiye da matsakaicin gudun yau da kullum na shekara 0.23 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. Summer flood: 25.1 billion ft³ per day, or 0.71 km³ per day. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 4}}. Annual mean measured at Dongola station: 83 km³ per year, or 0.23 km³ per day. }}</ref>{{efn|name=exclGERD}}{{ efn| Yayin da gudun Blue Nile ke raguwa a lokacin sanyi, ruwan White Nile da aka tara yana ƙaruwa a Khartoum. A Afrilu da Mayu, White Nile yana bayar da kusan 80% na ruwan Nilu. Wannan ya ba da damar yin ban ruwa a duk shekara.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=5}} }} Kafin a gina madatsun ruwa a Nilu, gudun ruwan Nilu a Masar yana bambanta da yanayi: ya fi yawa a lokacin bazara/damina; ya fi ƙanƙanta a lokacin sanyi/bazara.{{efn| Ƙarfin ambaliyar Nilu na shekara-shekara yana iya bambanta sosai daga shekara zuwa shekara. Lokutan ƙarancin ambaliya na iya ɗaukar shekaru da dama ko ƙarni.{{sfn|Collins|2002|pp=20-26}} }} Amma bayan gina Aswan High Dam{{snd}}wanda ya ƙirƙiri tafkin da zai iya riƙe kusan shekaru biyu na gudun ruwa{{snd}} gudun ruwan da ke ƙasa ya fi daidaito a duk shekara.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=45}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Gudun shekara-shekara na kogin a Aswan kusan 84 km³; kuma tafkin Aswan High Dam yana iya riƙe kusan 160 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p= 8644 |loc=section 3.5.4}}. }}</ref> }} === Jigilar laka === Nilu yana ɗaukar laka zuwa ƙasa. Motsin laka ana rarrabe shi zuwa laka mai shawagi (wanda ke shawagi a cikin ruwa) ko laka mai nauyi (wanda ke kan ƙasan kogi).{{sfn|Lemma |2019|p=1}} Kashi 97% na laka da Nilu ke ɗauka daga Atbarah da Blue Nile ne, dukkansu daga Habasha.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=38}} Ƙasa a Delta ta Nilu ta samo asali daga duwatsu a Habasha. Jimillar duwatsun da aka nika cikin shekaru miliyan 30 daga asalin Nilu a Habasha kusan 102,000 km³, wanda ya yi daidai da ƙasar Delta ta Nilu kusan 150,000 km³.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=37}} == Muhalli == === Dabbobi === Jimillar nau’in kifaye da aka samu a kwarin Nilu an kiyasta fiye da 800. A cikin kogin kaɗai, nau’in kifaye 128 ne aka samu, daga iyalai 27.<ref name=fish/> Yawancin nau’in kifaye suna cikin iyalai huɗu: Cichlidae (cichlids), Cyprinidae (carp), Mormyridae (elephantfish), da Mochokidae (catfish).{{sfn|Witte|2009|p=647 }} Wasu nau’in Cichlid suna cikin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka.<ref name=fish>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Witte|2009|pp=647, 651–652 }}. |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. }}</ref> Baya ga kifaye, dabbobin da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwan Nilu a wasu lokuta sun haɗa da hipopotamus, kada na Nilu, da buffalo na Afirka. Wasu halittun ruwa sun haɗa da molluscs, crab, da shrimp. <ref name=animals/> Dabbobi da yawa suna rayuwa a cikin muhallin bakin kogi, ciki har da giwaye, antelope, da giraffe.<ref name=animals/> Ƙwaryar da aka samu a tafkunan Nilu suna ɗauke da ƙwari masu cutarwa (blood flukes) waɗanda ke haifar da schistosomiasis ga dabbobi da mutane.{{sfn| Green|2009|p=205}} Tsuntsaye da ke rayuwa a bakin Nilu sun haɗa da herons, kingfishers, ospreys, da nau’o’in storks ciki har da shoebills.<ref name=animals>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=189}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Van Damme|Bocxlaer |2009|pp=585}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont |2009|pp=10–11}}. |{{harvnb|Green|El-Moghraby|2009|pp=193,196–197,201–202}}. }}</ref> Wasu nau’in tsuntsaye suna da alaƙa da kwarin Nilu kaɗai (misali blue-winged goose), yayin da wasu suna da yaduwar duniya (misali moorhen da osprey).{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Wasu nau’in heron, ducks, geese, da egrets suna rayuwa a kwarin duk shekara, kuma nau’in ducks da geese 14 suna zuwa ne kawai a lokacin sanyi.{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Yawancin gulls da terns a kwarin suna yin hijira. A cikin shekaru dubu da suka gabata, wasu nau’in tsuntsaye sun ragu saboda mamayar ɗan adam a muhallinsu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Green|2009a|p=705}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53-55,58,70}}. }}</ref> === Tsirrai === [[File:Nymphaea lotus1XMATT.jpg|thumb|alt= Furen fari da ganyaye masu kore suna shawagi a saman ruwa.|Nymphaea lotus (furen lotus na Masar) yana asali daga ruwan kwanciyar hankali na kwarin Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|pp=205,207}}. |{{harvnb| Vijverberg|2009|p=166}}. }}</ref>]] Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka na kwarin Nilu ya ƙunshi tsirrai kamar water lily, papyrus, da water hyacinth. Water hyacinth tsiro ne mai mamaya, kuma ya shafi tsirrai na asali a Lake Kyoga.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. |{{harvnb| Dumont|2009|p=13}}. }}</ref> Tsirrai da aka saba a fadamar Sudd sun haɗa da Vossia, hippo grass, reed mace, ambatch, da papyrus. Sudd kuma tana ɗauke da tsirrai da ke rayuwa a cikin ƙaramin ambaliya, misali Oryza, antelope grass, da Phragmites.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=350}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> === Gurbatar muhalli === A tarihi, ruwan Nilu ya kasance mai kyau don sha, amma a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, ya zama ba shi da lafiya a wasu wurare.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|Talling|2009a|p=368}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Jack Talling ya rubuta "Abubuwa biyu na ruwan Nilu na ƙasa sun jawo hankali{{snd}} cewa yana da inganci don sha da ban ruwa, kuma cewa yana ɗauke da yawan laka a yanayi."{{sfn|Talling|2009a|p=368}} }} Gurɓatawa ya fi yawa a Lake Tana, kusa da manyan birane, da Delta ta Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|El-Sheekh|2009|pp=395–396}}. }}</ref> Asalin gurɓatawa a Nilu sun haɗa da aikin gona, masana’antu, da shara na gida. Akwai masana’antu 36 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa kai tsaye cikin Nilu, da 41 cikin tashoshin ban ruwa. Waɗannan masana’antu sun haɗa da: sinadarai, lantarki, injiniya, takin zamani, abinci, ƙarfe, hakar ma’adinai, mai da sabulu, takarda, masana’antar zane da itace. Akwai fiye da magudanan aikin gona 90 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa cikin Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin National Water Quality", ''Nile Basin Initiative''|pp=12-22}} Gurbatar kogi ya fi yawa tsakanin Aswan da Tekun Bahar Rum. Gurɓatar nan ya fito daga ayyukan ɗan adam, zubar aikin gona, da shara na masana’antu. Gurɓataccen abu yana ƙaruwa yayin da kogi ke tafiya ƙasa saboda taruwar gurɓatawa.<ref name=delta>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hegab|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=75}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53,59,69}}. }}</ref> Delta tana da sauƙin taruwar gurɓatawa saboda rashin motsin ruwa mai kyau, ƙasa mai laushi, da yawan laka a ƙasan kogi.{{sfn|Abotalib|2023}} === Kariya da tasirin ɗan adam === [[File:Murchison Falls, Uganda (23475021234).jpg|thumb|Murchison Falls a White Nile|alt=Babban rafin ruwa, da dazuzzuka a bangarorin biyu.]] Kwarin Nilu ya kasance mai ɗanɗano da danshi daga shekaru 15,000 da suka gabata zuwa 5,000, wanda ya ba da damar fara aikin gona mai girma a kusan shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata.<ref name=Humid/> Ci gaban aikin gona ya ƙara tasiri ga muhalli tun daga lokacin, yana haifar da sare dazuzzuka da lalacewar ƙasa.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Tasirin ya ƙara muni saboda yanayin ƙanƙara da ya fara kusan shekaru 4,000 da suka gabata. Wannan ya haifar da yunwa, rikice-rikicen zamantakewa, da lalacewar muhalli.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Wasu nau’in dabbobi sun bace a kwarin Nilu saboda ayyukan ɗan adam. Sacred ibis ya kasance mai muh ==Tarihin ɗan Adam== ===Kafin Tarihi=== [[File:The Nile River flows into the Mediterranean Sea (iss071e405499).jpg | thumb | Kogin Nilu (ƙasa) yana gudana ta hamadar Masar, wanda ya kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]].<ref name=Humid/> |alt=Hoton tauraron dan adam na Masar, yana nuna yashi da yawa, tare da kogin mai duhu yana gudana ta cikin yashi, yana shiga cikin teku. ]] Tsofaffin kakanni na jinsin ɗan Adam sun zauna kusa da kwarin Nilu. An gano ƙashin [[Australopithecus afarensis]] da aka fi sani da [[Lucy (hominid)|Lucy]] a gabashin iyakar kwarin. [[Olduvai Gorge]]{{snd}}inda aka fara gano ƙashin [[Homo habilis]]{{snd}}yana kudu da kwarin.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=246,346}}</ref> A cikin kwarin Nilu, wurin binciken [[Nyayanga]] a gabashin gabar Tafkin Victoria yana da kayan aikin [[Oldowan]] tun shekaru miliyan 2.6 da suka wuce.<ref>{{harvnb|Plummer|2023}}</ref>{{efn| Kogin Nilu da Tafkin Victoria ba su kasance a irin wannan siffar ba a lokacin [[Australopithecus afarensis]], [[Homo habilis]], ko [[Oldowan|masana'antar Oldowan]].<ref>{{harvnb|Abdelsalam|2018|pp=742,768|loc=Figures 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D}}</ref> }} An gano zaman ɗan Adam a bakin Nilu tsakanin shekaru 12,000 zuwa 20,000 da suka wuce a wurin kusa da garin [[Qurta]] (Masar). Waɗannan mutane sun sassaka [[petroglyphs]] a cikin duwatsu, suna nuna [[auroch]]s, tsuntsaye, [[hippopotamid]]s, barewa, [[hartebeest]], da kifi. Wasu masana sun yi hasashen cewa waɗannan mutane, ko wasu da ke kusa, sun iya fara kiwon tumaki, awaki, ko shanu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=53}}. |{{harvnb|Huyge|2011}}. |{{harvnb|Leplongeon|2017}}. }}</ref> Saharar gabas{{snd}}ciki har da Masar da Sudan{{snd}}ta kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]] wanda ya ɗauki daga kusan shekaru 10,000 zuwa 5,000 da suka wuce. Al’ummomin makiyaya sun bunƙasa a lokacin, amma lokacin da yanayi ya bushe kusan 3,900 K.Z., mutane sun tilasta yin hijira zuwa kwarin Nilu don tsira. Wannan ne asalin al’ummomin [[Nubians|Nubiya]] a Sudan da kuma wayewar Masar ta dā.<ref name=Humid>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Kuper|Kröpelin|2006|pp=803–807}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=47,57}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Culture of the Nile", "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River"}}. Al’adar Nubiya (Sudan) a Sudan. }}</ref> ===Wayewar Masar ta dā=== [[File:Journey to Abydos, Tomb of Pairy MET DT10886.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|alt=Zane a bango na jirgin ruwa a kan kogi, tare da Masarawa suna yin iyo|Masarawa sun yi amfani da jiragen ruwa sosai wajen sufuri. Wannan hoto daga [[TT139|Kabari na Pairy]].<ref name=ancientTransport/>]] Kogin Nilu ya kasance cibiyar rayuwar Masar: yana ba da abinci ta hanyar amfanin gona da ya shayar, kuma yana jawo mutuwa lokacin da fari ya jawo gazawar amfanin gona da yunwa. Nilu ya ƙarfafa ci gaban kimiyya da gwamnati: ban ruwa, hasashen ambaliya da haraji duk sun buƙaci sabbin ƙwarewar lissafi da gudanarwa. Hasashen yanayi da taurari ma sun bunƙasa saboda buƙatar Masarawa su fahimci kogin da ambaliyarsa.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=9–10}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=49,63,69}}. }}</ref> Kalanda ta [[Masar ta dā]] ta dogara da zagayen ambaliyar Nilu. Shekara ta kasu kashi uku, kowanne yana da watanni huɗu na kwanaki talatin. Lokutan su ne [[Season of the Inundation|Akhet]] ('ambaliya'), [[Season of the Emergence|Peret]] ('girbi'), da [[Season of the Harvest|Shemu]] ('amfani'). Akhet shi ne lokacin da Nilu ya yi ambaliya, yana barin sabuwar ƙasa mai albarka; Peret shi ne lokacin girma; Shemu kuma lokacin girbi ba tare da ruwan sama ba.<ref name="Seasons">{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=103}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=355}}. Footnote 10. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=62}}. }}</ref> Nilu ya shafi harshensu: kalmomin kwatance sun dogara da mutum da yake fuskantar sama da kogin: kalma ɗaya na iya nufin ''sama'' da ''kudu''; wata kalma na ''hagu'' da ''gabashi''; da wata kalma na ''dama'' da ''yamma''.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=21}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=61}}. }}</ref> Wani lokaci suna kiran ruwan sama da "Nilu a sama".<ref>{{harvnb|Assmann|2001|p=59}}</ref> ===Al’ummomin Nubiya, Habasha, da Nilotic=== [[File:Rulers of Kush, Kerma Museum.jpg|thumb|[[Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt]] ta kasance ƙarƙashin sarakunan [[Kushites|Kushite]], waɗanda aka fi sani da Baƙar Firauna.<ref name=Kushite/>|alt=Hoton gumakan dutse guda bakwai na maza, suna tsaye.]] Kudu da ambaliyar Nilu ta biyu akwai [[Nubia]], inda al’ummomi suka zauna a bakin Nilu (yanzu Sudan) tun ƙarshen lokacin danshi na Afirka.<ref name=Kerma/>{{efn|Wasu masana sun sanya iyakar arewacin Nubia a Ambaliya ta Farko;{{harvnb|Appiah|Gates|2005|pp=1447}} wasu kuma a Ambaliya ta Biyu.{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=93}}}} Waɗannan al’ummomin Nubiya sun bunƙasa tare da wayewar Masar a arewa, amma ba su yi hulɗa sosai ba har sai lokacin [[Old Kingdom of Egypt]] kusan 3,000 K.Z.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Culture of the Nile"}}</ref> Wayewar farko ta Nubia ita ce [[Kerma culture]], daga kusan 2600 K.Z. zuwa 1500 K.Z. Kerma ta fara da kiwon shanu, amma daga baya ta koma noma yayin da Saharar ta bushe.<ref name=Kerma>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=92–95}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Culture of the Nile", "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River"}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=39-42}}. }}</ref> Kusan 780 K.Z., [[Kushite Empire]] ta taso a bakin Nilu, ta mamaye yawancin Masar ƙarƙashin [[Black Pharaoh]]s.<ref name=Kushite>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=92–95}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=60}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=107-115}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River", "Meroe"}}. }}</ref> Bayan zuwan Kiristanci, masarautun Kirista a Nubia (ciki har da [[Nobatia]], [[Makuria]], da [[Alodia]]) sun bunƙasa a bakin Nilu.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "History of Sudan: Arrival of Christianity and Islam"}}</ref> A yankin [[Eritrea]] da arewacin [[Ethiopia]], [[Kingdom of Aksum]] ta bunƙasa daga ƙarni na 1 zuwa 960 Z.Z. Aksum ta fi amfani da Tekun Ja wajen sufuri, amma kogunan Atbarah da Blue Nile suna cikin mulkinsa.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Ethiopia (Abyssinia)"}}</ref> [[Funj Sultanate]] (1504–1821) ta yi mulki a yankin Sudan na zamani.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=102}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Blue Nile River", "History of Sudan: Arrival of Christianity and Islam", "History of Sudan: Modern Period"}}. }}</ref> [[Ethiopian Empire]] (1270–1974) ta mamaye yankin Habasha da Eritrea.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Ethiopia (Abyssinia)"}}</ref> Kogin Nilu ya kasance gida ga [[Nilotic peoples]], manyan al’ummomi da suka samo asali a Sudan ta Kudu, suka yi hijira zuwa Uganda da Kenya.<ref>{{harvnb|Stokes|2009|pp=499-500|loc=Article: "Nilotes"}}</ref> Nilotic sun haɗa da [[Dinka people|Dinka]] da [[Nuer people|Nuer]], manyan kabilu a Sudan ta Kudu; dukkansu makiyaya ne masu yin hijira bisa yanayin ambaliyar Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=138–144}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=70-77}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Sudd", "Dinka", "Nuer"}} }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} r45pvza8f53ll8wz9ydwty85pp7ooli 843324 843322 2026-05-30T11:00:46Z Sirjat 20447 /* Al’ummomin Nubiya, Habasha, da Nilotic */ 843324 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nilu''' babban kogi ne da ke arewa maso gabashin Afirka, yana gudana zuwa Bahar Rum. Tsawonsa ya kai {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}}, kuma shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, duk da cewa ba ya ɗaukar ruwa da yawa kamar Amazon ko Congo. Nilu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin muhalli, tattalin arziki, da al’adu na Afirka tsawon dubban shekaru. Nilu yana da manyan rassan ruwa guda biyu: Farin Nilu da Bakin Nilu. Farin Nilu ya fi tsawo kuma ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin kogin, amma Bakin Nilu yana kawo ruwa fiye da sau biyu na Farin Nilu. Farin Nilu yana farawa kusa da Lake Victoria, yana gudana ta Uganda da Sudan ta Kudu; Bakin Nilu kuma yana farawa kusa da Lake Tana a Habasha, yana shiga Sudan daga kudu maso gabas. Sannan sukan haɗu a Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. Daga nan Nilu yana gudana ta hamadar Nubia zuwa Cairo, sannan ya zube cikin Bahar Rum kusa da Alexandria, inda ya kafa babban kwarin Nilu Delta. Kwarin Nilu yana ratsa ƙasashe 11. Yawancin ruwan Nilu yana fitowa daga ruwan sama a ƙasashen da ke sama kamar Habasha, Kenya, Tanzaniya da Uganda. Ƙasashen da ke ƙasa kamar Masar da Sudan suna dogara da ruwan Nilu don ban ruwa. Sauran ƙasashen da ke cikin kwarin sun haɗa da Burundi, DR Congo, Eritrea da Rwanda. Nilu ya kasance ginshiƙin ƙasar Masar ta dā, inda ambaliyar shekara-shekara ta kawo ƙasa mai gina amfanin gona. Wannan ƙasa ta tallafa wa noma da rayuwa a cikin hamada. Nilu ya sauƙaƙa kasuwanci, sadarwa, sufuri, da mulki. A kudu da cataract na biyu akwai Nubia, inda tsoffin al’ummomi irin su Kerma da Daular Kush suka zauna. A ƙarni na 19, Turawa sun yi bincike a kusa da Lake Victoria don gano asalin kogin. A yau, al’ummomin Nilotic suna rayuwa a gefen Nilu, suna kiwon shanu ta hanyar yin hijira bisa yanayin ambaliyar Nilu. A zamanin yau, Nilu yana da muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin Masar da Sudan, inda ake amfani da shi wajen ban ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki. Tun daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, an gina dam fiye da goma sha biyu a kwarin Nilu. Wadannan dam sun canza tsarin ambaliyar shekara-shekara, sun rage yawan laka da ke zuwa ƙasa, wanda ya sa Nilu Delta ke raguwa. Wasu dam kamar Aswan High Dam da Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam sun haifar da rikice-rikicen siyasa kan ƙarancin ruwa, tsaro, abinci, da tilasta ƙaura. == Sunaye da Asalin Suna == Kalmar Turanci "Nile" ta samo asali daga Latin ''Nilus'' da Greek ''Neilos'', wanda wataƙila ya samo asali daga kalmar Semitic ''naḥal'' ma’ana 'kogi'.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A cikin tsohuwar harshen Masar, kalma ɗaya ake amfani da ita don 'Nilu' da 'kogi': ''jtrw''.{{sfn|Allen|2000|pp=21,101}} Masarawa sun kira ƙasarsu ''kmt'' ma’ana 'baƙi', don nuni da launin ruwan ambaliyar Nilu mai ɗauke da laka daga sama.{{sfn|Allen|2000|p=339, 470}} Sunan Turanci "Blue Nile" fassarar sunan Larabci ne ''Al-Baḥr Al-Azraq''.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A zamanin yau, kogin yana da sunaye daban-daban a cikin kwarin Nilu. A Masar ana kiransa ''Al-Nīl'', ''Baḥr Al-Nīl'' ko ''Nahr Al-Nīl''.<ref name=Barh>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Badawi|2003 |p=717}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> A Sudan ta Kudu ana kiransa ''Baḥr el-Jebel'' ma’ana 'Kogin Dutsen'.{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}} A Uganda, masu magana da Luganda suna kiransa ''Kiyira''.{{sfn|Hamilton |2016|p=66}} Wasu mutanen Nubia na Masar da Sudan suna amfani da sunan Nobiin ''Áman Dawū'' ('Babban Ruwa').{{sfn|Murray| 1923|p=8}} Wasu rassan ruwa da sassan kogin suna ɗauke da sunan "Nile", ciki har da: * Albert Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Albert zuwa Nimule<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|pp=5,6,40}}. |{{harvnb| Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}}. }}</ref> * Black Nile — wani suna na Atbarah River<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Haupt|1926|p=305}}. |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|p=24}}. }}</ref> * Blue Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Kyoga Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Kyoga zuwa Lake Albert{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}} * Main Nile — ɓangaren Nilu bayan haɗuwar Bakin Nilu da Farin Nilu{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=4}} * Mountain Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga duwatsun Uganda zuwa filayen Sudan ta Kudu{{sfn|Talling|2009|p=390}} * Victoria Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Victoria zuwa Lake Kyoga{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=5}} * White Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Yellow Nile — Wadi Howar, tsohon rassa da ya bushe shekaru dubban da suka wuce{{sfn| Dumont|2009|p=4}} == Asali == [[File:Nile River Sources.svg|thumb|Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka. Nilu yana bayyana a matsayin layi mai lanƙwasa mai shuɗi, yana farawa daga ƙasa a cikin daji mai kore, sannan ya tafi sama ya ƙare a Bahar Rum.|Nilu yana da cataracts guda shida da kuma asali da dama.{{efn|Wasu daga cikin cataracts sun nutse saboda madatsun ruwa da aka gina.}}]] Asalin Nilu yana daga wani rassa na Rukarara River, a cikin Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda, a {{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E}}, a tsayin {{convert|2,539|m|ft|sp=us}}.<ref name=SourceCite>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Liu|2009}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=277–278}}. }}</ref>{{efn |name=sourceNote|An fara gano wurin a 1969 ta masu bincike daga Waseda University.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2006, wasu masu yawon buɗe ido suka sake gano wurin, suka sanya alama a wani itace kusa ({{Coord|2|16|56|S|29|19|53|E|display=inline}}) wanda yanzu wurin yawon buɗe ido ne.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2009, masana suka yi amfani da hotunan tauraron dan adam don ƙara daidaita wurin, suka sanya shi a wani rijiya ({{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E|display=inline}}) da ke nesa da wurin na 1969/2006.<ref name=SourceCite/>}} Asalin yana nufin farkon ruwan da ke gudana duk shekara a cikin kwarin Nilu.<ref name=SourceCite/> Daga wannan asali, kogin yana gudana {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}} zuwa bakin Bahar Rum.<ref name=SourceCite/>{{efn|name=longest}} Tsawon an auna shi a 2009 ta hanyar hotunan tauraron dan adam.<ref name=SourceCite/> Mafi tsayin asalin Nilu yana kan duwatsun Rwenzori a Uganda.<ref name=Rwenz/> Duwatsun da ake kira “Mountains of the Moon” da Ptolemy ya bayyana sun danganta da Rwenzori.<ref name=Rwenz>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont|2009|pp=243–246}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=282}}. }}</ref> Asalin da ya fi kudu yana Burundi a Ruvyironza River, wanda ke shiga Kagera River.<ref name=southSource/> An gina wani abin tunawa a kusa da Rutovu a 1937 ta Burkhart Waldecker.<ref name=southSource>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-29}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=300–301}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. |{{harvnb|Warburg|2007|pp=475,483-484}}. |{{harvnb|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Abin tunawa yana a {{Coord|3|54|54.0|S|29|50|16.5|E}}.{{sfn|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}} }} Lake Victoria — wanda Tanzaniya, Uganda da Kenya ke rabawa — wani lokaci ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin Nilu, saboda yana ciyar da Farin Nilu daga Jinja, Uganda.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=6}}{{efn|Nilu yana fita daga Lake Victoria a Jinja, inda ake da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ake kira "source of the Nile".{{Sfn|Walubiri|2018}}}} Wasu kuma suna ganin asalin gaskiya shi ne gajimare na ruwan sama da ke sama da Lake Victoria, saboda su ne ke kawo mafi yawan ruwan tafkin.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=340-341}}. |{{harvnb|Camberlin|2009|pp=312-314}}. }}</ref> Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusa da Gish Abay, kudu da Lake Tana.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}{{efn|Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusan km 75 kudu da Lake Tana, a {{Coord|10.9699|N|37.1986|E|format=dms}}.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}}} == Yanayin ƙasa == [[File:Nile River Landmarks.svg|thumb|Ruwan Kogin Nilu yana samo asali ne daga ruwan sama da ke sauka a tsaunukan yankunan kudu da gabashin Kwarin Nilu.|alt=Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka, tana nuna wuraren wasu birane da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ke kan kogin.]] Kogin Nilu babban kogi ne a arewa maso gabashin Afirka wanda ke kwarara zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum. Kwarin Nilu shi ne dukkan yankin ƙasa da ruwansa ke gangarowa zuwa Kogin Nilu, kuma yana da faɗin kilomita murabba'i 2,927,843{{snd}}kimanin kashi 10% na nahiyar Afirka (duba taswirar da ke kusa).<ref name=basinSize/> Kasashe goma sha ɗaya ne gaba ɗaya ko wani ɓangarensu ke cikin wannan kwari: Burundi, Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo, Masar, Eritrea, Habasha, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan ta Kudu, Sudan, Tanzaniya da Uganda.{{sfn|Allan|2009|p=753}}{{efn|A shekara ta 2011, Sudan ta Kudu ta balle daga Sudan, ta zama ƙasa ta goma sha ɗaya a Kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=18}}}} Wannan kwari ya ƙunshi nau'o'in yanayi, tsarin muhalli da siffofin ƙasa iri-iri{{snd}}daga hamada masu yashi da fari a arewa, zuwa filayen fadama masu laushi a tsakiyar yankin, zuwa tsaunuka masu dazuzzuka da yawan ruwan sama a kudu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=335-340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=5}}. }}</ref> Ana iya raba Kwarin Nilu zuwa yankuna bakwai; biyar daga cikinsu suna ɗauke da mafi tsawon hanyar da Kogin Nilu yake bi. Idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan yankuna biyar su ne: Tafkunan Manyan Afirka, Nilu na Tsaunuka, Farin Nilu, Babban Nilu, da Delta ta Nilu. Yankuna biyu na ƙari suna ɗauke da manyan rafukan da ke shiga Nilu: Shuɗin Nilu da Kogin Atbarah.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} === Tafkunan Manyan Afirka === Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka yana ɗauke da asalin Kogin Nilu tare da wasu manyan tafkuna da suke cikin tsarin Kogin Nilu: Tafkin Victoria, Tafkin Albert, Tafkin George da Tafkin Edward.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont |2009|p=255}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-46}}. Bayanin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka. }}</ref> Asalin Kogin Nilu shi ne Kogin Rukarara da ke cikin Gandun Dajin Ƙasa na Nyungwe a Rwanda,<ref name=SourceCite/> kuma yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera wanda ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}}{{efn|name=sourceRivSequence|Asalin Kogin Nilu yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Rukarara, sannan zuwa Kogin Mwogo, wanda ke haɗuwa da Kogin Mbirurume ya zama Kogin Nyabarongo, wanda ke kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera, wanda kuma ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=260,263,277–278}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. }}</ref> }} Ko da yake babban tafki ne{{snd}}na biyu mafi girman tafkin ruwa mai ɗanɗano a duniya idan aka auna faɗi{{efn|An auna ne ta fuskar faɗin ƙasa, ba girman ruwa ba.}}{{snd}} Tafkin Victoria ba shi da zurfi sosai, domin matsakaicin zurfinsa kusan mita 40 ne.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=214}} Kogin yana fara ɗaukar sunan “Nilu” ne a inda Tafkin Victoria ke zubar da ruwa daga arewacinsa: sashen daga nan zuwa Tafkin Albert ana kiransa Victoria Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan faɗuwa guda biyu{{snd}}Ripon Falls da Owen Falls{{snd}}sun kasance a wurin da Nilu ke fita daga Tafkin Victoria, amma an nutsar da su bayan gina Dam ɗin Nalubaale. Bayan Bujagali Falls da Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Bujagali, Victoria Nile yana zubowa cikin Tafkin Kyoga. Bayan ya fita daga Tafkin Kyoga, Kogin Kafu yana shiga cikinsa, sannan ya ratsa Murchison Falls ya shiga Tafkin Albert. Ba kamar Tafkin Victoria ba, Tafkin Albert tafki ne mai zurfi wanda tsaunuka suka kewaye shi. Kogin yana fita daga tafkin a gefen arewarsa, inda ake kiransa Albert Nile; wannan sashe na kogin yana da shimfiɗa kuma faffaɗa, kuma ya dace da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa masu tururi.<ref name=phys>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=336–339}}. }}</ref> === Nilu na Tsaunuka === Yanki na biyu na Kwarin Nilu idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa shi ne Nilu na Tsaunuka ({{langx|ar-latn|Bahr al Jabal}}).<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. }}</ref> Wannan yanki yana farawa kusa da garin Nimule, yana kaiwa zuwa Tafkin No, kuma gaba ɗayansa yana cikin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan ya ratsa Nimule, kogin yana wucewa ta Fula Rapids sannan ya isa Juba{{snd}}babban birnin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan Juba, Nilu yana ratsa garin Bor sannan ya shiga Sudd, wata babbar fadama da ke kan shimfiɗaɗɗen fili.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=47-69}}.</ref> Gangarar ƙasar a yankin Sudd kusan 1:13,000 ce kawai, saboda haka kogin yana tafiya a hankali kuma yana faɗaɗa. Tsire-tsire masu yalwa ciki har da sedges, papyrus da water hyacinth na gama gari (wani nau'in tsiro mai mamaye muhalli) suna toshe hanyoyin ruwa kuma suna wahalar da zirga-zirga. A gefen arewa na fadamar Sudd, Nilu yana wucewa ta Tafkin No, ƙaramin tafki inda Kogin Bahr el Ghazal (wato “kogin barewa” a Larabci) ke shiga cikinsa daga yamma.<ref name=phys/> ===Yankin Farar Nilu=== [[File:Whiteandblueniles.jpg|thumb|alt=Hoton sama na Khartoum, yana nuna haduwar koguna biyu, kowanne da launin ruwansa daban|Launuka daban-daban na Farar Nilu (hagu) da Bakar Nilu (dama) suna bayyana inda suka hade suka zama babban Nilu (hagu sama).]] Yayin da ake ci gaba da tafiya ƙasa, yankin na uku na kwarin Nilu shi ne yankin Farar Nilu{{efn|Yankin Farar Nilu, kamar yadda aka bayyana nan, yana dauke da karamin bangare na babban Kogin Farar Nilu.}} wanda ya hada da tsawon {{convert|800 |km|mi|sp=us}} daga kusa da Malakal zuwa Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. A nan ne Bakar Nilu ya hade da shi. Wannan bangaren kogin yana da faɗi, kwanciyar hankali, tare da ciyayi da fadamomi a bakin koguna. Kogin nan ba shi da zurfi kuma yana rasa ruwa sosai ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Inda Farar Nilu ya hade da Bakar Nilu, launukansu suna bambanta sosai. Farar Nilu ya fi haske saboda yashi da yake dauke da [[quartz]] da [[feldspar]]. Wannan ya bambanta da Bakar Nilu wanda ke dauke da laka mai duhu daga duwatsun [[basaltic rock]] na Habasha.{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|pp=44-45}} Kogin Sobat shi ne rafi wanda ke hade da Farar Nilu kusa da garin Malakal (bayan haduwar Bahr el Ghazal, kafin Bakar Nilu). Yankinsa{{snd}}wanda ya hada da [[Machar Marshes]]{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}}{{snd}}yana dauke da kusan kilomita murabba’i 225,000.{{sfn|Shahin|2002|p=276}} Sobat yana ambaliya tsakanin Yuli da Disamba.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} ===Babban Nilu=== [[File:Assuan-Hochdamm 15.JPG|thumb|Babban Dam na Aswan yana kan babban Nilu kusa da iyakar Misira da Sudan. Injinan lantarki na dam din suna da karfin samar da 2.1 [[gigawatt]]s.{{sfn|El-Shabrawy|2009| p= 149}}|alt=Ginin kankare mai girma kusa da tafkin shiru. Manyan hasumiyoyin wutar lantarki suna kusa da ginin.]] Yankin na hudu na kwarin Nilu{{snd}}babban Nilu{{efn|Bangaren Nilu tsakanin haduwar Bakar/Farar Nilu da Bahar Rum ana kiransa Babban Nilu ko Saharan Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=360}}. |{{harvnb|Williams|2009|p=62}}. }}</ref> }}{{snd}}yana daga Khartoum zuwa Cairo, babban birnin Misira.<ref name=phys/> Wannan bangaren yana da faɗi da zurfi mai daidaito: kusan {{convert|500|m|ft|sp=us}} faɗi da {{convert|10|m|ft|sp=us}} zurfi a wurin da ya fi zurfi (idan ba ambaliya ba).{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|p=45}} Da zarar ya bar Khartoum, kogin ya shiga Sabaloka Game Reserve kuma ya ratsa manyan rafuka masu ƙarfi da ba a iya ketarewa da jirgin ruwa. Wannan shi ne na shida (kuma mafi kusa da sama) daga cikin rafuka shida na Nilu. Kogin Atbarah{{snd}}babban rafi{{snd}}yana hade da Nilu, wanda daga nan ya bi babban lankwasawa S zuwa yamma. Ana samun sauran rafuka hudu (lamba 5, 4, 3, da 2) a cikin wannan lankwasawa S, wanda ya sa kogin ba ya iya ketarewa; duk da haka jiragen ruwa na iya tafiya a wasu wuraren da ba su da rafuka. Kogin daga nan ya shiga tafkin Nasser. Wannan tafki{{snd}}tafki na biyu mafi girma da mutum ya yi a duniya{{snd}}an kafa shi ne lokacin da aka gina Babban Dam na Aswan a Misira, kuma ya mamaye fiye da {{convert|480 |km|mi|sp=us}} na Nilu. Dam na Aswan Low{{snd}}wanda ya fi tsoho kuma ya fi ƙanƙanta{{snd}}yana ƙasa da Babban Dam na Aswan, kusa da wurin rafin farko na Nilu (wanda yanzu ya nutse). Daga wadannan dam-dam, Nilu yana gudana kusan {{convert|800|km|mi|sp=us}} ta cikin dutsen limestone, tare da gonaki masu ban ruwa, har sai ya isa Cairo.<ref name=phys/> ===Delta na Nilu=== [[File:Nile River and delta from orbit.jpg|thumb|Delta na Nilu shi ne babban yanki mai siffar alwatika da ciyayi a saman wannan hoto, inda kogin ya zuba cikin Bahar Rum.|alt=Hoton arewacin Misira, wanda aka dauka daga sararin samaniya. Nilu ya kare ta hanyar shiga Bahar Rum, yana samar da babban yanki mai siffar alwatika.]] Yankin na biyar, kuma na ƙarshe, wanda ya kunshi Kogin Nilu shi ne Delta na Nilu, babban [[delta]] mai siffar alwatika (kimanin 22,000&nbsp;km{{super|2}}){{sfn|Hamza|2009|p=75}} wanda ya fara daga Cairo zuwa Bahar Rum.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Kogin ya rabu zuwa manyan hanyoyi biyu a cikin delta: reshen Rosetta da reshen Damietta. Jimillar girman delta (ciki har da bangaren da ya nutse) kusan 150,000&nbsp;km{{super|3}}. Delta an gina shi tsawon miliyoyin shekaru, daga yashi da kogin ya kawo daga sama.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Talbot|Williams|2009|pp=37–40, 57}}. }}</ref> Tun bayan kammala Babban Dam na Aswan a 1970, delta ya fara raguwa saboda lalacewar ruwan Bahar Rum. A da, lalacewar tana daidaita da sabbin ƙasa daga yashi da kogin ya kawo; amma dam yana rike yashi a tafkin sa, yana hana sabuwar ƙasa isa delta.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=93}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=45-46}}. }}</ref> ===Rafin Bakar Nilu=== [[File:Lower Aber river and tributaries.png|thumb|Asalin Bakar Nilu yana daga Gish Abay a ƙasan layin haske. Kogin yana gudana zuwa arewa daga nan zuwa Tafkin Tana.|alt=Taswirar Habasha, tana nuna wani bangare na Bakar Nilu da Tafkin Tana.]] Tsawon hanyar Nilu{{snd}}wanda ya hada da rafi Farar Nilu{{snd}}yana da wasu rafuka. Yankunan kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu da Atbarah su ne yankuna na ƙarshe na kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Bakar Nilu yana fitowa daga tsaunuka a Habasha inda yake farawa a matsayin rafin da ake kira ''Abay'' kusa da garin Gish Abay: {{lang|am|Gish}} kalma ce ta Amharic wadda ke nufin 'tushen', kuma Abay shi ne sunan rafin.<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}. |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=88-104}}. Overview of Blue Nile. }}</ref> Gish Abay yana shiga Tafkin Tana, tafki mai faɗi kuma ba shi da zurfi, wanda ke da hanya guda ta fita inda ya karɓi sunan "Bakar Nilu". Kogin daga nan yana yin babban lankwasawa: da farko zuwa kudu, sannan yamma ta cikin kwarin mai ban mamaki mai zurfin {{convert|2 |km|ft|sp=us}}, sannan arewa yana shiga Kudancin Sudan zuwa Sudan, inda ya hade da Farar Nilu a Khartoum ya zama Babban Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009}}. }}</ref> A hanyarsa, Bakar Nilu yana samar da wutar lantarki a wurare da dama, ciki har da Tis Abay hydropower project a Bakar Nilu Falls, Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam kusa da iyakar Habasha da Kudancin Sudan, Roseires Dam kusa da garin Ad Damazin, da Sennar Dam.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=274, 339}}. Blue Nile Falls. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=116,135}}. Roseires Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=341}}. Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=118, 131, 348}}. Sennar Dam. }}</ref> Girman kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu ya fi kilomita murabba’i 306,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} ===Rafin Atbarah=== Kogin Atbarah rafi ne na Nilu wanda yake fitowa daga arewacin Habasha, kuma yana hade da Nilu kusan {{convert|320|km|mi|sp=us}} arewa da Khartoum.<ref name=Atbarah/> Yankin kwaruruwansa ya fi kilomita murabba’i 204,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} Atbarah yana da gudu mai yawa a lokacin da bayan damina a Habasha (lokacin bazara da kaka), amma yana iya bushewa a lokacin hunturu da bazara. Duk da kasancewar rafin yana yawan yankewa, yana bayar da fiye da kashi 10% na jimillar ruwan shekara na Nilu.<ref name=Atbarah>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=7}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=339}}. }}</ref> Dam-dam da ke kan Atbarah sun hada da Khashm el-Girba Dam, Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex, da Tekezé Dam (a kan rafin Tekezé).<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=321,336–337}}. Tekezé Dam. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=359}}. Khashm el-Girba Dam. |{{harvnb|Hafez |2024}}. Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex. }}</ref> ==Ruwan Kogin== {{Nile River routemap}} [[File:Monthly variations of the flow of the Nile River.svg|thumb|upright=1.25|alt=Zane yana nuna sauyin ruwan Nilu a kowace shekara cikin mita kubik a sakan. Darajoji (Janairu zuwa Disamba) su ne 1285.7, 1006.0, 831.3, 881.7, 828.7, 845.2, 1930.3, 6984.0, 7866.5, 4895.2, 2510.8, 1596.9.|Gudun ruwan Nilu yana bambanta sosai a duk shekara. An auna darajoji (m³/s) a Dongola a kan babban Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin Dongola", ''Global Runoff Data Center''}}{{efn|name=exclGERD}} ]] ===Gudun ruwa da ambaliya=== {{further|Flooding of the Nile}} Ko da yake Nilu shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, ba shi da mafi girman gudun ruwa. Gudunsa{{snd}}kimanin 87 km³ a shekara{{efn| name=discharge}}{{snd}}ya yi ƙanƙanta idan aka kwatanta da manyan koguna. Gudun Nilu kusan kashi 1% ne na Amazon, 6% na Congo, da 12% na Yangtze.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=4}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=11}}. }}</ref>{{efn|An yi kwatancen ne da gudun Nilu da aka auna a Aswan. Gudun Nilu zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum ya fi ƙanƙanta.{{efn| name=discharge}} }} Gudun shekara-shekara daga manyan rassan uku na Nilu: 54% daga Blue Nile, 32% daga White Nile (ciki har da gudun Bahr el Ghazal da Sobat), da 14% daga Atbarah.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc= Table 4. Based on annual discharge figures: Blue Nile 48 km³; White Nile 28 km³; Atbarah 12 km³ }} Dutsen White Nile da Blue Nile suna samun ruwan sama na yanayi, amma gudun White Nile ya fi daidaito fiye da Blue Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Wannan saboda tafkuna da fadamomi da yawa a White Nile suna rage tasirin yanayin ruwan sama.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=357}} Yayin da White Nile ke wucewa ta cikin fadamar Sudd, kusan rabin ruwan yana ɓacewa ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=346}} A gefe guda, gudun Blue Nile yana bambanta sosai: yana ambaliya daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba saboda ruwan sama na damina.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan Blue Nile ya yi yawa a lokacin damina har White Nile ke ja baya a wurin haɗuwar koguna.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Ghabbour|2009|pp=503–504}}. }}</ref> A lokacin ambaliya, gudun ruwa zuwa babban Nilu kusan 70% daga Blue Nile, 20% daga Atbarah, da 10% daga White Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A kololuwar ambaliya, gudun yau da kullum zuwa Lake Nasser kusan 0.71 km³, sau uku fiye da matsakaicin gudun yau da kullum na shekara 0.23 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. Summer flood: 25.1 billion ft³ per day, or 0.71 km³ per day. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 4}}. Annual mean measured at Dongola station: 83 km³ per year, or 0.23 km³ per day. }}</ref>{{efn|name=exclGERD}}{{ efn| Yayin da gudun Blue Nile ke raguwa a lokacin sanyi, ruwan White Nile da aka tara yana ƙaruwa a Khartoum. A Afrilu da Mayu, White Nile yana bayar da kusan 80% na ruwan Nilu. Wannan ya ba da damar yin ban ruwa a duk shekara.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=5}} }} Kafin a gina madatsun ruwa a Nilu, gudun ruwan Nilu a Masar yana bambanta da yanayi: ya fi yawa a lokacin bazara/damina; ya fi ƙanƙanta a lokacin sanyi/bazara.{{efn| Ƙarfin ambaliyar Nilu na shekara-shekara yana iya bambanta sosai daga shekara zuwa shekara. Lokutan ƙarancin ambaliya na iya ɗaukar shekaru da dama ko ƙarni.{{sfn|Collins|2002|pp=20-26}} }} Amma bayan gina Aswan High Dam{{snd}}wanda ya ƙirƙiri tafkin da zai iya riƙe kusan shekaru biyu na gudun ruwa{{snd}} gudun ruwan da ke ƙasa ya fi daidaito a duk shekara.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=45}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Gudun shekara-shekara na kogin a Aswan kusan 84 km³; kuma tafkin Aswan High Dam yana iya riƙe kusan 160 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p= 8644 |loc=section 3.5.4}}. }}</ref> }} === Jigilar laka === Nilu yana ɗaukar laka zuwa ƙasa. Motsin laka ana rarrabe shi zuwa laka mai shawagi (wanda ke shawagi a cikin ruwa) ko laka mai nauyi (wanda ke kan ƙasan kogi).{{sfn|Lemma |2019|p=1}} Kashi 97% na laka da Nilu ke ɗauka daga Atbarah da Blue Nile ne, dukkansu daga Habasha.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=38}} Ƙasa a Delta ta Nilu ta samo asali daga duwatsu a Habasha. Jimillar duwatsun da aka nika cikin shekaru miliyan 30 daga asalin Nilu a Habasha kusan 102,000 km³, wanda ya yi daidai da ƙasar Delta ta Nilu kusan 150,000 km³.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=37}} == Muhalli == === Dabbobi === Jimillar nau’in kifaye da aka samu a kwarin Nilu an kiyasta fiye da 800. A cikin kogin kaɗai, nau’in kifaye 128 ne aka samu, daga iyalai 27.<ref name=fish/> Yawancin nau’in kifaye suna cikin iyalai huɗu: Cichlidae (cichlids), Cyprinidae (carp), Mormyridae (elephantfish), da Mochokidae (catfish).{{sfn|Witte|2009|p=647 }} Wasu nau’in Cichlid suna cikin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka.<ref name=fish>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Witte|2009|pp=647, 651–652 }}. |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. }}</ref> Baya ga kifaye, dabbobin da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwan Nilu a wasu lokuta sun haɗa da hipopotamus, kada na Nilu, da buffalo na Afirka. Wasu halittun ruwa sun haɗa da molluscs, crab, da shrimp. <ref name=animals/> Dabbobi da yawa suna rayuwa a cikin muhallin bakin kogi, ciki har da giwaye, antelope, da giraffe.<ref name=animals/> Ƙwaryar da aka samu a tafkunan Nilu suna ɗauke da ƙwari masu cutarwa (blood flukes) waɗanda ke haifar da schistosomiasis ga dabbobi da mutane.{{sfn| Green|2009|p=205}} Tsuntsaye da ke rayuwa a bakin Nilu sun haɗa da herons, kingfishers, ospreys, da nau’o’in storks ciki har da shoebills.<ref name=animals>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=189}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Van Damme|Bocxlaer |2009|pp=585}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont |2009|pp=10–11}}. |{{harvnb|Green|El-Moghraby|2009|pp=193,196–197,201–202}}. }}</ref> Wasu nau’in tsuntsaye suna da alaƙa da kwarin Nilu kaɗai (misali blue-winged goose), yayin da wasu suna da yaduwar duniya (misali moorhen da osprey).{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Wasu nau’in heron, ducks, geese, da egrets suna rayuwa a kwarin duk shekara, kuma nau’in ducks da geese 14 suna zuwa ne kawai a lokacin sanyi.{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Yawancin gulls da terns a kwarin suna yin hijira. A cikin shekaru dubu da suka gabata, wasu nau’in tsuntsaye sun ragu saboda mamayar ɗan adam a muhallinsu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Green|2009a|p=705}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53-55,58,70}}. }}</ref> === Tsirrai === [[File:Nymphaea lotus1XMATT.jpg|thumb|alt= Furen fari da ganyaye masu kore suna shawagi a saman ruwa.|Nymphaea lotus (furen lotus na Masar) yana asali daga ruwan kwanciyar hankali na kwarin Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|pp=205,207}}. |{{harvnb| Vijverberg|2009|p=166}}. }}</ref>]] Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka na kwarin Nilu ya ƙunshi tsirrai kamar water lily, papyrus, da water hyacinth. Water hyacinth tsiro ne mai mamaya, kuma ya shafi tsirrai na asali a Lake Kyoga.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. |{{harvnb| Dumont|2009|p=13}}. }}</ref> Tsirrai da aka saba a fadamar Sudd sun haɗa da Vossia, hippo grass, reed mace, ambatch, da papyrus. Sudd kuma tana ɗauke da tsirrai da ke rayuwa a cikin ƙaramin ambaliya, misali Oryza, antelope grass, da Phragmites.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=350}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> === Gurbatar muhalli === A tarihi, ruwan Nilu ya kasance mai kyau don sha, amma a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, ya zama ba shi da lafiya a wasu wurare.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|Talling|2009a|p=368}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Jack Talling ya rubuta "Abubuwa biyu na ruwan Nilu na ƙasa sun jawo hankali{{snd}} cewa yana da inganci don sha da ban ruwa, kuma cewa yana ɗauke da yawan laka a yanayi."{{sfn|Talling|2009a|p=368}} }} Gurɓatawa ya fi yawa a Lake Tana, kusa da manyan birane, da Delta ta Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|El-Sheekh|2009|pp=395–396}}. }}</ref> Asalin gurɓatawa a Nilu sun haɗa da aikin gona, masana’antu, da shara na gida. Akwai masana’antu 36 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa kai tsaye cikin Nilu, da 41 cikin tashoshin ban ruwa. Waɗannan masana’antu sun haɗa da: sinadarai, lantarki, injiniya, takin zamani, abinci, ƙarfe, hakar ma’adinai, mai da sabulu, takarda, masana’antar zane da itace. Akwai fiye da magudanan aikin gona 90 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa cikin Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin National Water Quality", ''Nile Basin Initiative''|pp=12-22}} Gurbatar kogi ya fi yawa tsakanin Aswan da Tekun Bahar Rum. Gurɓatar nan ya fito daga ayyukan ɗan adam, zubar aikin gona, da shara na masana’antu. Gurɓataccen abu yana ƙaruwa yayin da kogi ke tafiya ƙasa saboda taruwar gurɓatawa.<ref name=delta>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hegab|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=75}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53,59,69}}. }}</ref> Delta tana da sauƙin taruwar gurɓatawa saboda rashin motsin ruwa mai kyau, ƙasa mai laushi, da yawan laka a ƙasan kogi.{{sfn|Abotalib|2023}} === Kariya da tasirin ɗan adam === [[File:Murchison Falls, Uganda (23475021234).jpg|thumb|Murchison Falls a White Nile|alt=Babban rafin ruwa, da dazuzzuka a bangarorin biyu.]] Kwarin Nilu ya kasance mai ɗanɗano da danshi daga shekaru 15,000 da suka gabata zuwa 5,000, wanda ya ba da damar fara aikin gona mai girma a kusan shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata.<ref name=Humid/> Ci gaban aikin gona ya ƙara tasiri ga muhalli tun daga lokacin, yana haifar da sare dazuzzuka da lalacewar ƙasa.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Tasirin ya ƙara muni saboda yanayin ƙanƙara da ya fara kusan shekaru 4,000 da suka gabata. Wannan ya haifar da yunwa, rikice-rikicen zamantakewa, da lalacewar muhalli.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Wasu nau’in dabbobi sun bace a kwarin Nilu saboda ayyukan ɗan adam. Sacred ibis ya kasance mai muh ==Tarihin ɗan Adam== ===Kafin Tarihi=== [[File:The Nile River flows into the Mediterranean Sea (iss071e405499).jpg | thumb | Kogin Nilu (ƙasa) yana gudana ta hamadar Masar, wanda ya kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]].<ref name=Humid/> |alt=Hoton tauraron dan adam na Masar, yana nuna yashi da yawa, tare da kogin mai duhu yana gudana ta cikin yashi, yana shiga cikin teku. ]] Tsofaffin kakanni na jinsin ɗan Adam sun zauna kusa da kwarin Nilu. An gano ƙashin [[Australopithecus afarensis]] da aka fi sani da [[Lucy (hominid)|Lucy]] a gabashin iyakar kwarin. [[Olduvai Gorge]]{{snd}}inda aka fara gano ƙashin [[Homo habilis]]{{snd}}yana kudu da kwarin.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=246,346}}</ref> A cikin kwarin Nilu, wurin binciken [[Nyayanga]] a gabashin gabar Tafkin Victoria yana da kayan aikin [[Oldowan]] tun shekaru miliyan 2.6 da suka wuce.<ref>{{harvnb|Plummer|2023}}</ref>{{efn| Kogin Nilu da Tafkin Victoria ba su kasance a irin wannan siffar ba a lokacin [[Australopithecus afarensis]], [[Homo habilis]], ko [[Oldowan|masana'antar Oldowan]].<ref>{{harvnb|Abdelsalam|2018|pp=742,768|loc=Figures 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D}}</ref> }} An gano zaman ɗan Adam a bakin Nilu tsakanin shekaru 12,000 zuwa 20,000 da suka wuce a wurin kusa da garin [[Qurta]] (Masar). Waɗannan mutane sun sassaka [[petroglyphs]] a cikin duwatsu, suna nuna [[auroch]]s, tsuntsaye, [[hippopotamid]]s, barewa, [[hartebeest]], da kifi. Wasu masana sun yi hasashen cewa waɗannan mutane, ko wasu da ke kusa, sun iya fara kiwon tumaki, awaki, ko shanu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=53}}. |{{harvnb|Huyge|2011}}. |{{harvnb|Leplongeon|2017}}. }}</ref> Saharar gabas{{snd}}ciki har da Masar da Sudan{{snd}}ta kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]] wanda ya ɗauki daga kusan shekaru 10,000 zuwa 5,000 da suka wuce. Al’ummomin makiyaya sun bunƙasa a lokacin, amma lokacin da yanayi ya bushe kusan 3,900 K.Z., mutane sun tilasta yin hijira zuwa kwarin Nilu don tsira. Wannan ne asalin al’ummomin [[Nubians|Nubiya]] a Sudan da kuma wayewar Masar ta dā.<ref name=Humid>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Kuper|Kröpelin|2006|pp=803–807}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=47,57}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Culture of the Nile", "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River"}}. Al’adar Nubiya (Sudan) a Sudan. }}</ref> ===Wayewar Masar ta dā=== [[File:Journey to Abydos, Tomb of Pairy MET DT10886.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|alt=Zane a bango na jirgin ruwa a kan kogi, tare da Masarawa suna yin iyo|Masarawa sun yi amfani da jiragen ruwa sosai wajen sufuri. Wannan hoto daga [[TT139|Kabari na Pairy]].<ref name=ancientTransport/>]] Kogin Nilu ya kasance cibiyar rayuwar Masar: yana ba da abinci ta hanyar amfanin gona da ya shayar, kuma yana jawo mutuwa lokacin da fari ya jawo gazawar amfanin gona da yunwa. Nilu ya ƙarfafa ci gaban kimiyya da gwamnati: ban ruwa, hasashen ambaliya da haraji duk sun buƙaci sabbin ƙwarewar lissafi da gudanarwa. Hasashen yanayi da taurari ma sun bunƙasa saboda buƙatar Masarawa su fahimci kogin da ambaliyarsa.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=9–10}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=49,63,69}}. }}</ref> Kalanda ta [[Masar ta dā]] ta dogara da zagayen ambaliyar Nilu. Shekara ta kasu kashi uku, kowanne yana da watanni huɗu na kwanaki talatin. Lokutan su ne [[Season of the Inundation|Akhet]] ('ambaliya'), [[Season of the Emergence|Peret]] ('girbi'), da [[Season of the Harvest|Shemu]] ('amfani'). Akhet shi ne lokacin da Nilu ya yi ambaliya, yana barin sabuwar ƙasa mai albarka; Peret shi ne lokacin girma; Shemu kuma lokacin girbi ba tare da ruwan sama ba.<ref name="Seasons">{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=103}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=355}}. Footnote 10. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=62}}. }}</ref> Nilu ya shafi harshensu: kalmomin kwatance sun dogara da mutum da yake fuskantar sama da kogin: kalma ɗaya na iya nufin ''sama'' da ''kudu''; wata kalma na ''hagu'' da ''gabashi''; da wata kalma na ''dama'' da ''yamma''.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=21}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=61}}. }}</ref> Wani lokaci suna kiran ruwan sama da "Nilu a sama".<ref>{{harvnb|Assmann|2001|p=59}}</ref> ===Al’ummomin Nubiya, Habasha, da Nilotic=== [[File:Rulers of Kush, Kerma Museum.jpg|thumb|[[Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt]] ta kasance ƙarƙashin sarakunan [[Kushites|Kushite]], waɗanda aka fi sani da Baƙar Firauna.<ref name=Kushite/>|alt=Hoton gumakan dutse guda bakwai na maza, suna tsaye.]] Kudu da ambaliyar Nilu ta biyu akwai [[Nubia]], inda al’ummomi suka zauna a bakin Nilu (yanzu Sudan) tun ƙarshen lokacin danshi na Afirka.<ref name=Kerma/>{{efn|Wasu masana sun sanya iyakar arewacin Nubia a Ambaliya ta Farko;{{harvnb|Appiah|Gates|2005|pp=1447}} wasu kuma a Ambaliya ta Biyu.{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=93}}}} Waɗannan al’ummomin Nubiya sun bunƙasa tare da wayewar Masar a arewa, amma ba su yi hulɗa sosai ba har sai lokacin [[Old Kingdom of Egypt]] kusan 3,000 K.Z.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Culture of the Nile"}}</ref> Wayewar farko ta Nubia ita ce [[Kerma culture]], daga kusan 2600 K.Z. zuwa 1500 K.Z. Kerma ta fara da kiwon shanu, amma daga baya ta koma noma yayin da Saharar ta bushe.<ref name=Kerma>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=92–95}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Culture of the Nile", "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River"}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=39-42}}. }}</ref> Kusan 780 K.Z., [[Kushite Empire]] ta taso a bakin Nilu, ta mamaye yawancin Masar ƙarƙashin [[Black Pharaoh]]s.<ref name=Kushite>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=92–95}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=60}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=107-115}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River", "Meroe"}}. }}</ref> Bayan zuwan Kiristanci, masarautun Kirista a Nubia (ciki har da [[Nobatia]], [[Makuria]], da [[Alodia]]) sun bunƙasa a bakin Nilu.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "History of Sudan: Arrival of Christianity and Islam"}}</ref> A yankin [[Eritrea]] da arewacin [[Ethiopia]], [[Kingdom of Aksum]] ta bunƙasa daga ƙarni na 1 zuwa 960 Z.Z. Aksum ta fi amfani da Tekun Ja wajen sufuri, amma kogunan Atbarah da Blue Nile suna cikin mulkinsa.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Ethiopia (Abyssinia)"}}</ref> [[Funj Sultanate]] (1504–1821) ta yi mulki a yankin Sudan na zamani.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=102}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Blue Nile River", "History of Sudan: Arrival of Christianity and Islam", "History of Sudan: Modern Period"}}. }}</ref> [[Ethiopian Empire]] (1270–1974) ta mamaye yankin Habasha da Eritrea.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Ethiopia (Abyssinia)"}}</ref> Kogin Nilu ya kasance gida ga [[Nilotic peoples]], manyan al’ummomi da suka samo asali a Sudan ta Kudu, suka yi hijira zuwa Uganda da Kenya.<ref>{{harvnb|Stokes|2009|pp=499-500|loc=Article: "Nilotes"}}</ref> Nilotic sun haɗa da [[Dinka people|Dinka]] da [[Nuer people|Nuer]], manyan kabilu a Sudan ta Kudu; dukkansu makiyaya ne masu yin hijira bisa yanayin ambaliyar Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=138–144}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=70-77}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Sudd", "Dinka", "Nuer"}} }}</ref> ===Masar daga zamanin Roma zuwa mulkin mallaka=== [[File:Mahmoudiyah Canal.jpg|thumb|An gina Mahmoudiyah Canal ta hannun Muhammad Ali na Masar (mai mulki daga 1805 zuwa 1848) don tallafawa ban ruwa da sufuri.<ref name=ali/>|alt=Hoton kogi, da bishiyoyi a bakin biyu, da jirgin ruwa a gefe.]] Kogin Nilu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasar Daular Roma, wadda ta yi mulkin Masar tsawon ƙarni da dama. Romawa sun shigo da hatsi mai yawa daga Masar, wanda aka noma da ruwan ambaliyar Nilu.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=19-20}}</ref> A ƙarni na farko, sarkin Trajan ya gina wani canal da ya haɗa Nilu da Tekun Ja.<ref>{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=50}}</ref> Tsakanin 945 da 977 Z.Z., ambaliyar Nilu ta yi ƙasa sosai; hakan ya jawo gazawar amfanin gona da rikice-rikicen siyasa wanda ya haifar da Fatimid Caliphate.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=21}}</ref>{{efn|Kusan 642 Z.Z., mayaƙan Larabawa sun kawo addinin Musulunci zuwa Masar, suka maye gurbin addinin Masar na dā.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=21}}</ref>}} Canals a Masar sun ci gaba da gina su da gyara su ta hannun Fatimiyawa (ƙarni na 10–11), Mamluk Sultanate (ƙarni na 13–16), da Ottoman Egypt (ƙarni na 16–19).<ref>{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=50-52}}</ref> Duk da ƙwarewar Masarawa wajen gina canals, ba su yi nasarar gina manyan dam ba sai ƙarni na 19, lokacin da auduga — da aka shayar da ruwan Nilu — ta zama muhimmin amfanin kasuwanci.<ref name=ali>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=52}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=15}}. }}</ref> Waɗannan dam ɗin farko an gina su a lokacin mulkin Muhammad Ali na Masar. An fara gina ƙananan dam a Delta da kusa da Cairo, domin tsawaita lokacin girma. Ali ya kuma gina canals ciki har da Mahmoudiyah Canal, wanda aka fara a 1818.<ref name=ali/> Ismail Pasha (Viceroy na Masar, 1863–1879) ya gina Ibrahimiya Canal — an kammala a 1873 — wanda yake tafiya a layi da Nilu kuma ana amfani da shi wajen ban ruwa.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Beaumont|1993|p=249}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Khedive Isma'il 1830-1895"}}. }}</ref> ===Binciken asalin Nilu=== [[File:Abyssinia 1619 map by Jodocus Hondius.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|alt=Tsohon taswirar Afirka ta tsakiya. Taswirar ta nuna garuruwa da koguna da dama, tare da kuskuren ilimin ƙasa.|Taswirar Turawa ta ƙarni na 17 na Afirka ta tsakiya. Nilu an rubuta shi ''Nilus fl.''. Yawancin abubuwan taswirar suna da kuskure ko almara.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=177-179}}</ref>]] Tun daga zamanin Helenawa, Turawa sun yi sha’awar gano asalin Nilu da ambaliyarsa.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=2}}</ref> Herodotus ya ziyarci Masar a 457 K.Z. ya yi tafiya har zuwa Aswan; ya yi mamakin ambaliyar Nilu da ke farawa a lokacin bazara — lokacin da ba a samun ruwan sama a Masar.<ref>{{harvnb|Williams|2009|p=70}}</ref> Masana ilimin ƙasa daga Turai, Afirka, da Larabawa tun daga Eratosthenes ƙarni na 2 K.Z. sun yi hasashen cewa asalin Nilu daga manyan tafkuna a Afirka ta tsakiya.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=177-179}}</ref> Duk da haka, har zuwa ƙarni na 17, taswirar da aka yi ba ta da tushe na kimiyya. Asalin Blue Nile an gano shi ta hannun mishan Pedro Páez wanda ya ziyarci Gish Abay a farkon ƙarni na 17, ya rubuta littafin ''História da Ethiópia''. Daga baya Jerónimo Lobo da James Bruce sun yada labarinsa, suna hasashen ya ziyarci wurin tsakanin 1613–1618.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=324}}</ref> Asalin White Nile ya fi wahala a gano. Tafkin Victoria ba a tabbatar da shi a matsayin babban asalin White Nile ba sai bayan shekaru 260 da aka gano Blue Nile.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=174–175}}</ref> A 1858, John Hanning Speke ya fara ganin Tafkin Victoria, daga baya ya gano wani kogi da ke fita daga arewacin tafkin, ya ce shi ne Nilu.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=36}}</ref> Amma bai bi kogin har zuwa Sudan ba, hakan ya sa wasu suka yi shakku. A farkon ƙarni na 20, Richard Kandt ya ce asalin White Nile daga wani reshen Kagera River a Nyungwe Forest.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 1969, masu bincike daga Waseda University sun gano wani reshe na Kagera. A 2006, masu yawon buɗe ido sun sake gano wurin, suka sanya alama a jikin itace. A 2009, masana sun yi amfani da hoton tauraron dan adam don ƙara tabbatar da wurin, suka gano tushen a wani rijiya kusa da wurin da aka gano a baya.<ref name=SourceCite/> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} bqlf9k9asnq8962dzb50ngyi58vi377 843326 843324 2026-05-30T11:04:18Z Sirjat 20447 /* Binciken asalin Nilu */ 843326 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nilu''' babban kogi ne da ke arewa maso gabashin Afirka, yana gudana zuwa Bahar Rum. Tsawonsa ya kai {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}}, kuma shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, duk da cewa ba ya ɗaukar ruwa da yawa kamar Amazon ko Congo. Nilu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin muhalli, tattalin arziki, da al’adu na Afirka tsawon dubban shekaru. Nilu yana da manyan rassan ruwa guda biyu: Farin Nilu da Bakin Nilu. Farin Nilu ya fi tsawo kuma ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin kogin, amma Bakin Nilu yana kawo ruwa fiye da sau biyu na Farin Nilu. Farin Nilu yana farawa kusa da Lake Victoria, yana gudana ta Uganda da Sudan ta Kudu; Bakin Nilu kuma yana farawa kusa da Lake Tana a Habasha, yana shiga Sudan daga kudu maso gabas. Sannan sukan haɗu a Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. Daga nan Nilu yana gudana ta hamadar Nubia zuwa Cairo, sannan ya zube cikin Bahar Rum kusa da Alexandria, inda ya kafa babban kwarin Nilu Delta. Kwarin Nilu yana ratsa ƙasashe 11. Yawancin ruwan Nilu yana fitowa daga ruwan sama a ƙasashen da ke sama kamar Habasha, Kenya, Tanzaniya da Uganda. Ƙasashen da ke ƙasa kamar Masar da Sudan suna dogara da ruwan Nilu don ban ruwa. Sauran ƙasashen da ke cikin kwarin sun haɗa da Burundi, DR Congo, Eritrea da Rwanda. Nilu ya kasance ginshiƙin ƙasar Masar ta dā, inda ambaliyar shekara-shekara ta kawo ƙasa mai gina amfanin gona. Wannan ƙasa ta tallafa wa noma da rayuwa a cikin hamada. Nilu ya sauƙaƙa kasuwanci, sadarwa, sufuri, da mulki. A kudu da cataract na biyu akwai Nubia, inda tsoffin al’ummomi irin su Kerma da Daular Kush suka zauna. A ƙarni na 19, Turawa sun yi bincike a kusa da Lake Victoria don gano asalin kogin. A yau, al’ummomin Nilotic suna rayuwa a gefen Nilu, suna kiwon shanu ta hanyar yin hijira bisa yanayin ambaliyar Nilu. A zamanin yau, Nilu yana da muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin Masar da Sudan, inda ake amfani da shi wajen ban ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki. Tun daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, an gina dam fiye da goma sha biyu a kwarin Nilu. Wadannan dam sun canza tsarin ambaliyar shekara-shekara, sun rage yawan laka da ke zuwa ƙasa, wanda ya sa Nilu Delta ke raguwa. Wasu dam kamar Aswan High Dam da Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam sun haifar da rikice-rikicen siyasa kan ƙarancin ruwa, tsaro, abinci, da tilasta ƙaura. == Sunaye da Asalin Suna == Kalmar Turanci "Nile" ta samo asali daga Latin ''Nilus'' da Greek ''Neilos'', wanda wataƙila ya samo asali daga kalmar Semitic ''naḥal'' ma’ana 'kogi'.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A cikin tsohuwar harshen Masar, kalma ɗaya ake amfani da ita don 'Nilu' da 'kogi': ''jtrw''.{{sfn|Allen|2000|pp=21,101}} Masarawa sun kira ƙasarsu ''kmt'' ma’ana 'baƙi', don nuni da launin ruwan ambaliyar Nilu mai ɗauke da laka daga sama.{{sfn|Allen|2000|p=339, 470}} Sunan Turanci "Blue Nile" fassarar sunan Larabci ne ''Al-Baḥr Al-Azraq''.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A zamanin yau, kogin yana da sunaye daban-daban a cikin kwarin Nilu. A Masar ana kiransa ''Al-Nīl'', ''Baḥr Al-Nīl'' ko ''Nahr Al-Nīl''.<ref name=Barh>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Badawi|2003 |p=717}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> A Sudan ta Kudu ana kiransa ''Baḥr el-Jebel'' ma’ana 'Kogin Dutsen'.{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}} A Uganda, masu magana da Luganda suna kiransa ''Kiyira''.{{sfn|Hamilton |2016|p=66}} Wasu mutanen Nubia na Masar da Sudan suna amfani da sunan Nobiin ''Áman Dawū'' ('Babban Ruwa').{{sfn|Murray| 1923|p=8}} Wasu rassan ruwa da sassan kogin suna ɗauke da sunan "Nile", ciki har da: * Albert Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Albert zuwa Nimule<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|pp=5,6,40}}. |{{harvnb| Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}}. }}</ref> * Black Nile — wani suna na Atbarah River<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Haupt|1926|p=305}}. |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|p=24}}. }}</ref> * Blue Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Kyoga Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Kyoga zuwa Lake Albert{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}} * Main Nile — ɓangaren Nilu bayan haɗuwar Bakin Nilu da Farin Nilu{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=4}} * Mountain Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga duwatsun Uganda zuwa filayen Sudan ta Kudu{{sfn|Talling|2009|p=390}} * Victoria Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Victoria zuwa Lake Kyoga{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=5}} * White Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Yellow Nile — Wadi Howar, tsohon rassa da ya bushe shekaru dubban da suka wuce{{sfn| Dumont|2009|p=4}} == Asali == [[File:Nile River Sources.svg|thumb|Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka. Nilu yana bayyana a matsayin layi mai lanƙwasa mai shuɗi, yana farawa daga ƙasa a cikin daji mai kore, sannan ya tafi sama ya ƙare a Bahar Rum.|Nilu yana da cataracts guda shida da kuma asali da dama.{{efn|Wasu daga cikin cataracts sun nutse saboda madatsun ruwa da aka gina.}}]] Asalin Nilu yana daga wani rassa na Rukarara River, a cikin Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda, a {{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E}}, a tsayin {{convert|2,539|m|ft|sp=us}}.<ref name=SourceCite>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Liu|2009}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=277–278}}. }}</ref>{{efn |name=sourceNote|An fara gano wurin a 1969 ta masu bincike daga Waseda University.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2006, wasu masu yawon buɗe ido suka sake gano wurin, suka sanya alama a wani itace kusa ({{Coord|2|16|56|S|29|19|53|E|display=inline}}) wanda yanzu wurin yawon buɗe ido ne.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2009, masana suka yi amfani da hotunan tauraron dan adam don ƙara daidaita wurin, suka sanya shi a wani rijiya ({{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E|display=inline}}) da ke nesa da wurin na 1969/2006.<ref name=SourceCite/>}} Asalin yana nufin farkon ruwan da ke gudana duk shekara a cikin kwarin Nilu.<ref name=SourceCite/> Daga wannan asali, kogin yana gudana {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}} zuwa bakin Bahar Rum.<ref name=SourceCite/>{{efn|name=longest}} Tsawon an auna shi a 2009 ta hanyar hotunan tauraron dan adam.<ref name=SourceCite/> Mafi tsayin asalin Nilu yana kan duwatsun Rwenzori a Uganda.<ref name=Rwenz/> Duwatsun da ake kira “Mountains of the Moon” da Ptolemy ya bayyana sun danganta da Rwenzori.<ref name=Rwenz>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont|2009|pp=243–246}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=282}}. }}</ref> Asalin da ya fi kudu yana Burundi a Ruvyironza River, wanda ke shiga Kagera River.<ref name=southSource/> An gina wani abin tunawa a kusa da Rutovu a 1937 ta Burkhart Waldecker.<ref name=southSource>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-29}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=300–301}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. |{{harvnb|Warburg|2007|pp=475,483-484}}. |{{harvnb|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Abin tunawa yana a {{Coord|3|54|54.0|S|29|50|16.5|E}}.{{sfn|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}} }} Lake Victoria — wanda Tanzaniya, Uganda da Kenya ke rabawa — wani lokaci ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin Nilu, saboda yana ciyar da Farin Nilu daga Jinja, Uganda.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=6}}{{efn|Nilu yana fita daga Lake Victoria a Jinja, inda ake da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ake kira "source of the Nile".{{Sfn|Walubiri|2018}}}} Wasu kuma suna ganin asalin gaskiya shi ne gajimare na ruwan sama da ke sama da Lake Victoria, saboda su ne ke kawo mafi yawan ruwan tafkin.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=340-341}}. |{{harvnb|Camberlin|2009|pp=312-314}}. }}</ref> Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusa da Gish Abay, kudu da Lake Tana.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}{{efn|Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusan km 75 kudu da Lake Tana, a {{Coord|10.9699|N|37.1986|E|format=dms}}.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}}} == Yanayin ƙasa == [[File:Nile River Landmarks.svg|thumb|Ruwan Kogin Nilu yana samo asali ne daga ruwan sama da ke sauka a tsaunukan yankunan kudu da gabashin Kwarin Nilu.|alt=Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka, tana nuna wuraren wasu birane da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ke kan kogin.]] Kogin Nilu babban kogi ne a arewa maso gabashin Afirka wanda ke kwarara zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum. Kwarin Nilu shi ne dukkan yankin ƙasa da ruwansa ke gangarowa zuwa Kogin Nilu, kuma yana da faɗin kilomita murabba'i 2,927,843{{snd}}kimanin kashi 10% na nahiyar Afirka (duba taswirar da ke kusa).<ref name=basinSize/> Kasashe goma sha ɗaya ne gaba ɗaya ko wani ɓangarensu ke cikin wannan kwari: Burundi, Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo, Masar, Eritrea, Habasha, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan ta Kudu, Sudan, Tanzaniya da Uganda.{{sfn|Allan|2009|p=753}}{{efn|A shekara ta 2011, Sudan ta Kudu ta balle daga Sudan, ta zama ƙasa ta goma sha ɗaya a Kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=18}}}} Wannan kwari ya ƙunshi nau'o'in yanayi, tsarin muhalli da siffofin ƙasa iri-iri{{snd}}daga hamada masu yashi da fari a arewa, zuwa filayen fadama masu laushi a tsakiyar yankin, zuwa tsaunuka masu dazuzzuka da yawan ruwan sama a kudu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=335-340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=5}}. }}</ref> Ana iya raba Kwarin Nilu zuwa yankuna bakwai; biyar daga cikinsu suna ɗauke da mafi tsawon hanyar da Kogin Nilu yake bi. Idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan yankuna biyar su ne: Tafkunan Manyan Afirka, Nilu na Tsaunuka, Farin Nilu, Babban Nilu, da Delta ta Nilu. Yankuna biyu na ƙari suna ɗauke da manyan rafukan da ke shiga Nilu: Shuɗin Nilu da Kogin Atbarah.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} === Tafkunan Manyan Afirka === Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka yana ɗauke da asalin Kogin Nilu tare da wasu manyan tafkuna da suke cikin tsarin Kogin Nilu: Tafkin Victoria, Tafkin Albert, Tafkin George da Tafkin Edward.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont |2009|p=255}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-46}}. Bayanin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka. }}</ref> Asalin Kogin Nilu shi ne Kogin Rukarara da ke cikin Gandun Dajin Ƙasa na Nyungwe a Rwanda,<ref name=SourceCite/> kuma yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera wanda ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}}{{efn|name=sourceRivSequence|Asalin Kogin Nilu yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Rukarara, sannan zuwa Kogin Mwogo, wanda ke haɗuwa da Kogin Mbirurume ya zama Kogin Nyabarongo, wanda ke kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera, wanda kuma ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=260,263,277–278}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. }}</ref> }} Ko da yake babban tafki ne{{snd}}na biyu mafi girman tafkin ruwa mai ɗanɗano a duniya idan aka auna faɗi{{efn|An auna ne ta fuskar faɗin ƙasa, ba girman ruwa ba.}}{{snd}} Tafkin Victoria ba shi da zurfi sosai, domin matsakaicin zurfinsa kusan mita 40 ne.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=214}} Kogin yana fara ɗaukar sunan “Nilu” ne a inda Tafkin Victoria ke zubar da ruwa daga arewacinsa: sashen daga nan zuwa Tafkin Albert ana kiransa Victoria Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan faɗuwa guda biyu{{snd}}Ripon Falls da Owen Falls{{snd}}sun kasance a wurin da Nilu ke fita daga Tafkin Victoria, amma an nutsar da su bayan gina Dam ɗin Nalubaale. Bayan Bujagali Falls da Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Bujagali, Victoria Nile yana zubowa cikin Tafkin Kyoga. Bayan ya fita daga Tafkin Kyoga, Kogin Kafu yana shiga cikinsa, sannan ya ratsa Murchison Falls ya shiga Tafkin Albert. Ba kamar Tafkin Victoria ba, Tafkin Albert tafki ne mai zurfi wanda tsaunuka suka kewaye shi. Kogin yana fita daga tafkin a gefen arewarsa, inda ake kiransa Albert Nile; wannan sashe na kogin yana da shimfiɗa kuma faffaɗa, kuma ya dace da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa masu tururi.<ref name=phys>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=336–339}}. }}</ref> === Nilu na Tsaunuka === Yanki na biyu na Kwarin Nilu idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa shi ne Nilu na Tsaunuka ({{langx|ar-latn|Bahr al Jabal}}).<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. }}</ref> Wannan yanki yana farawa kusa da garin Nimule, yana kaiwa zuwa Tafkin No, kuma gaba ɗayansa yana cikin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan ya ratsa Nimule, kogin yana wucewa ta Fula Rapids sannan ya isa Juba{{snd}}babban birnin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan Juba, Nilu yana ratsa garin Bor sannan ya shiga Sudd, wata babbar fadama da ke kan shimfiɗaɗɗen fili.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=47-69}}.</ref> Gangarar ƙasar a yankin Sudd kusan 1:13,000 ce kawai, saboda haka kogin yana tafiya a hankali kuma yana faɗaɗa. Tsire-tsire masu yalwa ciki har da sedges, papyrus da water hyacinth na gama gari (wani nau'in tsiro mai mamaye muhalli) suna toshe hanyoyin ruwa kuma suna wahalar da zirga-zirga. A gefen arewa na fadamar Sudd, Nilu yana wucewa ta Tafkin No, ƙaramin tafki inda Kogin Bahr el Ghazal (wato “kogin barewa” a Larabci) ke shiga cikinsa daga yamma.<ref name=phys/> ===Yankin Farar Nilu=== [[File:Whiteandblueniles.jpg|thumb|alt=Hoton sama na Khartoum, yana nuna haduwar koguna biyu, kowanne da launin ruwansa daban|Launuka daban-daban na Farar Nilu (hagu) da Bakar Nilu (dama) suna bayyana inda suka hade suka zama babban Nilu (hagu sama).]] Yayin da ake ci gaba da tafiya ƙasa, yankin na uku na kwarin Nilu shi ne yankin Farar Nilu{{efn|Yankin Farar Nilu, kamar yadda aka bayyana nan, yana dauke da karamin bangare na babban Kogin Farar Nilu.}} wanda ya hada da tsawon {{convert|800 |km|mi|sp=us}} daga kusa da Malakal zuwa Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. A nan ne Bakar Nilu ya hade da shi. Wannan bangaren kogin yana da faɗi, kwanciyar hankali, tare da ciyayi da fadamomi a bakin koguna. Kogin nan ba shi da zurfi kuma yana rasa ruwa sosai ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Inda Farar Nilu ya hade da Bakar Nilu, launukansu suna bambanta sosai. Farar Nilu ya fi haske saboda yashi da yake dauke da [[quartz]] da [[feldspar]]. Wannan ya bambanta da Bakar Nilu wanda ke dauke da laka mai duhu daga duwatsun [[basaltic rock]] na Habasha.{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|pp=44-45}} Kogin Sobat shi ne rafi wanda ke hade da Farar Nilu kusa da garin Malakal (bayan haduwar Bahr el Ghazal, kafin Bakar Nilu). Yankinsa{{snd}}wanda ya hada da [[Machar Marshes]]{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}}{{snd}}yana dauke da kusan kilomita murabba’i 225,000.{{sfn|Shahin|2002|p=276}} Sobat yana ambaliya tsakanin Yuli da Disamba.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} ===Babban Nilu=== [[File:Assuan-Hochdamm 15.JPG|thumb|Babban Dam na Aswan yana kan babban Nilu kusa da iyakar Misira da Sudan. Injinan lantarki na dam din suna da karfin samar da 2.1 [[gigawatt]]s.{{sfn|El-Shabrawy|2009| p= 149}}|alt=Ginin kankare mai girma kusa da tafkin shiru. Manyan hasumiyoyin wutar lantarki suna kusa da ginin.]] Yankin na hudu na kwarin Nilu{{snd}}babban Nilu{{efn|Bangaren Nilu tsakanin haduwar Bakar/Farar Nilu da Bahar Rum ana kiransa Babban Nilu ko Saharan Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=360}}. |{{harvnb|Williams|2009|p=62}}. }}</ref> }}{{snd}}yana daga Khartoum zuwa Cairo, babban birnin Misira.<ref name=phys/> Wannan bangaren yana da faɗi da zurfi mai daidaito: kusan {{convert|500|m|ft|sp=us}} faɗi da {{convert|10|m|ft|sp=us}} zurfi a wurin da ya fi zurfi (idan ba ambaliya ba).{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|p=45}} Da zarar ya bar Khartoum, kogin ya shiga Sabaloka Game Reserve kuma ya ratsa manyan rafuka masu ƙarfi da ba a iya ketarewa da jirgin ruwa. Wannan shi ne na shida (kuma mafi kusa da sama) daga cikin rafuka shida na Nilu. Kogin Atbarah{{snd}}babban rafi{{snd}}yana hade da Nilu, wanda daga nan ya bi babban lankwasawa S zuwa yamma. Ana samun sauran rafuka hudu (lamba 5, 4, 3, da 2) a cikin wannan lankwasawa S, wanda ya sa kogin ba ya iya ketarewa; duk da haka jiragen ruwa na iya tafiya a wasu wuraren da ba su da rafuka. Kogin daga nan ya shiga tafkin Nasser. Wannan tafki{{snd}}tafki na biyu mafi girma da mutum ya yi a duniya{{snd}}an kafa shi ne lokacin da aka gina Babban Dam na Aswan a Misira, kuma ya mamaye fiye da {{convert|480 |km|mi|sp=us}} na Nilu. Dam na Aswan Low{{snd}}wanda ya fi tsoho kuma ya fi ƙanƙanta{{snd}}yana ƙasa da Babban Dam na Aswan, kusa da wurin rafin farko na Nilu (wanda yanzu ya nutse). Daga wadannan dam-dam, Nilu yana gudana kusan {{convert|800|km|mi|sp=us}} ta cikin dutsen limestone, tare da gonaki masu ban ruwa, har sai ya isa Cairo.<ref name=phys/> ===Delta na Nilu=== [[File:Nile River and delta from orbit.jpg|thumb|Delta na Nilu shi ne babban yanki mai siffar alwatika da ciyayi a saman wannan hoto, inda kogin ya zuba cikin Bahar Rum.|alt=Hoton arewacin Misira, wanda aka dauka daga sararin samaniya. Nilu ya kare ta hanyar shiga Bahar Rum, yana samar da babban yanki mai siffar alwatika.]] Yankin na biyar, kuma na ƙarshe, wanda ya kunshi Kogin Nilu shi ne Delta na Nilu, babban [[delta]] mai siffar alwatika (kimanin 22,000&nbsp;km{{super|2}}){{sfn|Hamza|2009|p=75}} wanda ya fara daga Cairo zuwa Bahar Rum.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Kogin ya rabu zuwa manyan hanyoyi biyu a cikin delta: reshen Rosetta da reshen Damietta. Jimillar girman delta (ciki har da bangaren da ya nutse) kusan 150,000&nbsp;km{{super|3}}. Delta an gina shi tsawon miliyoyin shekaru, daga yashi da kogin ya kawo daga sama.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Talbot|Williams|2009|pp=37–40, 57}}. }}</ref> Tun bayan kammala Babban Dam na Aswan a 1970, delta ya fara raguwa saboda lalacewar ruwan Bahar Rum. A da, lalacewar tana daidaita da sabbin ƙasa daga yashi da kogin ya kawo; amma dam yana rike yashi a tafkin sa, yana hana sabuwar ƙasa isa delta.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=93}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=45-46}}. }}</ref> ===Rafin Bakar Nilu=== [[File:Lower Aber river and tributaries.png|thumb|Asalin Bakar Nilu yana daga Gish Abay a ƙasan layin haske. Kogin yana gudana zuwa arewa daga nan zuwa Tafkin Tana.|alt=Taswirar Habasha, tana nuna wani bangare na Bakar Nilu da Tafkin Tana.]] Tsawon hanyar Nilu{{snd}}wanda ya hada da rafi Farar Nilu{{snd}}yana da wasu rafuka. Yankunan kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu da Atbarah su ne yankuna na ƙarshe na kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Bakar Nilu yana fitowa daga tsaunuka a Habasha inda yake farawa a matsayin rafin da ake kira ''Abay'' kusa da garin Gish Abay: {{lang|am|Gish}} kalma ce ta Amharic wadda ke nufin 'tushen', kuma Abay shi ne sunan rafin.<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}. |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=88-104}}. Overview of Blue Nile. }}</ref> Gish Abay yana shiga Tafkin Tana, tafki mai faɗi kuma ba shi da zurfi, wanda ke da hanya guda ta fita inda ya karɓi sunan "Bakar Nilu". Kogin daga nan yana yin babban lankwasawa: da farko zuwa kudu, sannan yamma ta cikin kwarin mai ban mamaki mai zurfin {{convert|2 |km|ft|sp=us}}, sannan arewa yana shiga Kudancin Sudan zuwa Sudan, inda ya hade da Farar Nilu a Khartoum ya zama Babban Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009}}. }}</ref> A hanyarsa, Bakar Nilu yana samar da wutar lantarki a wurare da dama, ciki har da Tis Abay hydropower project a Bakar Nilu Falls, Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam kusa da iyakar Habasha da Kudancin Sudan, Roseires Dam kusa da garin Ad Damazin, da Sennar Dam.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=274, 339}}. Blue Nile Falls. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=116,135}}. Roseires Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=341}}. Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=118, 131, 348}}. Sennar Dam. }}</ref> Girman kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu ya fi kilomita murabba’i 306,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} ===Rafin Atbarah=== Kogin Atbarah rafi ne na Nilu wanda yake fitowa daga arewacin Habasha, kuma yana hade da Nilu kusan {{convert|320|km|mi|sp=us}} arewa da Khartoum.<ref name=Atbarah/> Yankin kwaruruwansa ya fi kilomita murabba’i 204,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} Atbarah yana da gudu mai yawa a lokacin da bayan damina a Habasha (lokacin bazara da kaka), amma yana iya bushewa a lokacin hunturu da bazara. Duk da kasancewar rafin yana yawan yankewa, yana bayar da fiye da kashi 10% na jimillar ruwan shekara na Nilu.<ref name=Atbarah>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=7}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=339}}. }}</ref> Dam-dam da ke kan Atbarah sun hada da Khashm el-Girba Dam, Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex, da Tekezé Dam (a kan rafin Tekezé).<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=321,336–337}}. Tekezé Dam. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=359}}. Khashm el-Girba Dam. |{{harvnb|Hafez |2024}}. Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex. }}</ref> ==Ruwan Kogin== {{Nile River routemap}} [[File:Monthly variations of the flow of the Nile River.svg|thumb|upright=1.25|alt=Zane yana nuna sauyin ruwan Nilu a kowace shekara cikin mita kubik a sakan. Darajoji (Janairu zuwa Disamba) su ne 1285.7, 1006.0, 831.3, 881.7, 828.7, 845.2, 1930.3, 6984.0, 7866.5, 4895.2, 2510.8, 1596.9.|Gudun ruwan Nilu yana bambanta sosai a duk shekara. An auna darajoji (m³/s) a Dongola a kan babban Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin Dongola", ''Global Runoff Data Center''}}{{efn|name=exclGERD}} ]] ===Gudun ruwa da ambaliya=== {{further|Flooding of the Nile}} Ko da yake Nilu shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, ba shi da mafi girman gudun ruwa. Gudunsa{{snd}}kimanin 87 km³ a shekara{{efn| name=discharge}}{{snd}}ya yi ƙanƙanta idan aka kwatanta da manyan koguna. Gudun Nilu kusan kashi 1% ne na Amazon, 6% na Congo, da 12% na Yangtze.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=4}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=11}}. }}</ref>{{efn|An yi kwatancen ne da gudun Nilu da aka auna a Aswan. Gudun Nilu zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum ya fi ƙanƙanta.{{efn| name=discharge}} }} Gudun shekara-shekara daga manyan rassan uku na Nilu: 54% daga Blue Nile, 32% daga White Nile (ciki har da gudun Bahr el Ghazal da Sobat), da 14% daga Atbarah.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc= Table 4. Based on annual discharge figures: Blue Nile 48 km³; White Nile 28 km³; Atbarah 12 km³ }} Dutsen White Nile da Blue Nile suna samun ruwan sama na yanayi, amma gudun White Nile ya fi daidaito fiye da Blue Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Wannan saboda tafkuna da fadamomi da yawa a White Nile suna rage tasirin yanayin ruwan sama.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=357}} Yayin da White Nile ke wucewa ta cikin fadamar Sudd, kusan rabin ruwan yana ɓacewa ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=346}} A gefe guda, gudun Blue Nile yana bambanta sosai: yana ambaliya daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba saboda ruwan sama na damina.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan Blue Nile ya yi yawa a lokacin damina har White Nile ke ja baya a wurin haɗuwar koguna.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Ghabbour|2009|pp=503–504}}. }}</ref> A lokacin ambaliya, gudun ruwa zuwa babban Nilu kusan 70% daga Blue Nile, 20% daga Atbarah, da 10% daga White Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A kololuwar ambaliya, gudun yau da kullum zuwa Lake Nasser kusan 0.71 km³, sau uku fiye da matsakaicin gudun yau da kullum na shekara 0.23 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. Summer flood: 25.1 billion ft³ per day, or 0.71 km³ per day. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 4}}. Annual mean measured at Dongola station: 83 km³ per year, or 0.23 km³ per day. }}</ref>{{efn|name=exclGERD}}{{ efn| Yayin da gudun Blue Nile ke raguwa a lokacin sanyi, ruwan White Nile da aka tara yana ƙaruwa a Khartoum. A Afrilu da Mayu, White Nile yana bayar da kusan 80% na ruwan Nilu. Wannan ya ba da damar yin ban ruwa a duk shekara.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=5}} }} Kafin a gina madatsun ruwa a Nilu, gudun ruwan Nilu a Masar yana bambanta da yanayi: ya fi yawa a lokacin bazara/damina; ya fi ƙanƙanta a lokacin sanyi/bazara.{{efn| Ƙarfin ambaliyar Nilu na shekara-shekara yana iya bambanta sosai daga shekara zuwa shekara. Lokutan ƙarancin ambaliya na iya ɗaukar shekaru da dama ko ƙarni.{{sfn|Collins|2002|pp=20-26}} }} Amma bayan gina Aswan High Dam{{snd}}wanda ya ƙirƙiri tafkin da zai iya riƙe kusan shekaru biyu na gudun ruwa{{snd}} gudun ruwan da ke ƙasa ya fi daidaito a duk shekara.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=45}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Gudun shekara-shekara na kogin a Aswan kusan 84 km³; kuma tafkin Aswan High Dam yana iya riƙe kusan 160 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p= 8644 |loc=section 3.5.4}}. }}</ref> }} === Jigilar laka === Nilu yana ɗaukar laka zuwa ƙasa. Motsin laka ana rarrabe shi zuwa laka mai shawagi (wanda ke shawagi a cikin ruwa) ko laka mai nauyi (wanda ke kan ƙasan kogi).{{sfn|Lemma |2019|p=1}} Kashi 97% na laka da Nilu ke ɗauka daga Atbarah da Blue Nile ne, dukkansu daga Habasha.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=38}} Ƙasa a Delta ta Nilu ta samo asali daga duwatsu a Habasha. Jimillar duwatsun da aka nika cikin shekaru miliyan 30 daga asalin Nilu a Habasha kusan 102,000 km³, wanda ya yi daidai da ƙasar Delta ta Nilu kusan 150,000 km³.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=37}} == Muhalli == === Dabbobi === Jimillar nau’in kifaye da aka samu a kwarin Nilu an kiyasta fiye da 800. A cikin kogin kaɗai, nau’in kifaye 128 ne aka samu, daga iyalai 27.<ref name=fish/> Yawancin nau’in kifaye suna cikin iyalai huɗu: Cichlidae (cichlids), Cyprinidae (carp), Mormyridae (elephantfish), da Mochokidae (catfish).{{sfn|Witte|2009|p=647 }} Wasu nau’in Cichlid suna cikin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka.<ref name=fish>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Witte|2009|pp=647, 651–652 }}. |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. }}</ref> Baya ga kifaye, dabbobin da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwan Nilu a wasu lokuta sun haɗa da hipopotamus, kada na Nilu, da buffalo na Afirka. Wasu halittun ruwa sun haɗa da molluscs, crab, da shrimp. <ref name=animals/> Dabbobi da yawa suna rayuwa a cikin muhallin bakin kogi, ciki har da giwaye, antelope, da giraffe.<ref name=animals/> Ƙwaryar da aka samu a tafkunan Nilu suna ɗauke da ƙwari masu cutarwa (blood flukes) waɗanda ke haifar da schistosomiasis ga dabbobi da mutane.{{sfn| Green|2009|p=205}} Tsuntsaye da ke rayuwa a bakin Nilu sun haɗa da herons, kingfishers, ospreys, da nau’o’in storks ciki har da shoebills.<ref name=animals>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=189}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Van Damme|Bocxlaer |2009|pp=585}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont |2009|pp=10–11}}. |{{harvnb|Green|El-Moghraby|2009|pp=193,196–197,201–202}}. }}</ref> Wasu nau’in tsuntsaye suna da alaƙa da kwarin Nilu kaɗai (misali blue-winged goose), yayin da wasu suna da yaduwar duniya (misali moorhen da osprey).{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Wasu nau’in heron, ducks, geese, da egrets suna rayuwa a kwarin duk shekara, kuma nau’in ducks da geese 14 suna zuwa ne kawai a lokacin sanyi.{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Yawancin gulls da terns a kwarin suna yin hijira. A cikin shekaru dubu da suka gabata, wasu nau’in tsuntsaye sun ragu saboda mamayar ɗan adam a muhallinsu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Green|2009a|p=705}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53-55,58,70}}. }}</ref> === Tsirrai === [[File:Nymphaea lotus1XMATT.jpg|thumb|alt= Furen fari da ganyaye masu kore suna shawagi a saman ruwa.|Nymphaea lotus (furen lotus na Masar) yana asali daga ruwan kwanciyar hankali na kwarin Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|pp=205,207}}. |{{harvnb| Vijverberg|2009|p=166}}. }}</ref>]] Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka na kwarin Nilu ya ƙunshi tsirrai kamar water lily, papyrus, da water hyacinth. Water hyacinth tsiro ne mai mamaya, kuma ya shafi tsirrai na asali a Lake Kyoga.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. |{{harvnb| Dumont|2009|p=13}}. }}</ref> Tsirrai da aka saba a fadamar Sudd sun haɗa da Vossia, hippo grass, reed mace, ambatch, da papyrus. Sudd kuma tana ɗauke da tsirrai da ke rayuwa a cikin ƙaramin ambaliya, misali Oryza, antelope grass, da Phragmites.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=350}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> === Gurbatar muhalli === A tarihi, ruwan Nilu ya kasance mai kyau don sha, amma a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, ya zama ba shi da lafiya a wasu wurare.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|Talling|2009a|p=368}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Jack Talling ya rubuta "Abubuwa biyu na ruwan Nilu na ƙasa sun jawo hankali{{snd}} cewa yana da inganci don sha da ban ruwa, kuma cewa yana ɗauke da yawan laka a yanayi."{{sfn|Talling|2009a|p=368}} }} Gurɓatawa ya fi yawa a Lake Tana, kusa da manyan birane, da Delta ta Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|El-Sheekh|2009|pp=395–396}}. }}</ref> Asalin gurɓatawa a Nilu sun haɗa da aikin gona, masana’antu, da shara na gida. Akwai masana’antu 36 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa kai tsaye cikin Nilu, da 41 cikin tashoshin ban ruwa. Waɗannan masana’antu sun haɗa da: sinadarai, lantarki, injiniya, takin zamani, abinci, ƙarfe, hakar ma’adinai, mai da sabulu, takarda, masana’antar zane da itace. Akwai fiye da magudanan aikin gona 90 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa cikin Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin National Water Quality", ''Nile Basin Initiative''|pp=12-22}} Gurbatar kogi ya fi yawa tsakanin Aswan da Tekun Bahar Rum. Gurɓatar nan ya fito daga ayyukan ɗan adam, zubar aikin gona, da shara na masana’antu. Gurɓataccen abu yana ƙaruwa yayin da kogi ke tafiya ƙasa saboda taruwar gurɓatawa.<ref name=delta>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hegab|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=75}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53,59,69}}. }}</ref> Delta tana da sauƙin taruwar gurɓatawa saboda rashin motsin ruwa mai kyau, ƙasa mai laushi, da yawan laka a ƙasan kogi.{{sfn|Abotalib|2023}} === Kariya da tasirin ɗan adam === [[File:Murchison Falls, Uganda (23475021234).jpg|thumb|Murchison Falls a White Nile|alt=Babban rafin ruwa, da dazuzzuka a bangarorin biyu.]] Kwarin Nilu ya kasance mai ɗanɗano da danshi daga shekaru 15,000 da suka gabata zuwa 5,000, wanda ya ba da damar fara aikin gona mai girma a kusan shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata.<ref name=Humid/> Ci gaban aikin gona ya ƙara tasiri ga muhalli tun daga lokacin, yana haifar da sare dazuzzuka da lalacewar ƙasa.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Tasirin ya ƙara muni saboda yanayin ƙanƙara da ya fara kusan shekaru 4,000 da suka gabata. Wannan ya haifar da yunwa, rikice-rikicen zamantakewa, da lalacewar muhalli.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Wasu nau’in dabbobi sun bace a kwarin Nilu saboda ayyukan ɗan adam. Sacred ibis ya kasance mai muh ==Tarihin ɗan Adam== ===Kafin Tarihi=== [[File:The Nile River flows into the Mediterranean Sea (iss071e405499).jpg | thumb | Kogin Nilu (ƙasa) yana gudana ta hamadar Masar, wanda ya kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]].<ref name=Humid/> |alt=Hoton tauraron dan adam na Masar, yana nuna yashi da yawa, tare da kogin mai duhu yana gudana ta cikin yashi, yana shiga cikin teku. ]] Tsofaffin kakanni na jinsin ɗan Adam sun zauna kusa da kwarin Nilu. An gano ƙashin [[Australopithecus afarensis]] da aka fi sani da [[Lucy (hominid)|Lucy]] a gabashin iyakar kwarin. [[Olduvai Gorge]]{{snd}}inda aka fara gano ƙashin [[Homo habilis]]{{snd}}yana kudu da kwarin.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=246,346}}</ref> A cikin kwarin Nilu, wurin binciken [[Nyayanga]] a gabashin gabar Tafkin Victoria yana da kayan aikin [[Oldowan]] tun shekaru miliyan 2.6 da suka wuce.<ref>{{harvnb|Plummer|2023}}</ref>{{efn| Kogin Nilu da Tafkin Victoria ba su kasance a irin wannan siffar ba a lokacin [[Australopithecus afarensis]], [[Homo habilis]], ko [[Oldowan|masana'antar Oldowan]].<ref>{{harvnb|Abdelsalam|2018|pp=742,768|loc=Figures 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D}}</ref> }} An gano zaman ɗan Adam a bakin Nilu tsakanin shekaru 12,000 zuwa 20,000 da suka wuce a wurin kusa da garin [[Qurta]] (Masar). Waɗannan mutane sun sassaka [[petroglyphs]] a cikin duwatsu, suna nuna [[auroch]]s, tsuntsaye, [[hippopotamid]]s, barewa, [[hartebeest]], da kifi. Wasu masana sun yi hasashen cewa waɗannan mutane, ko wasu da ke kusa, sun iya fara kiwon tumaki, awaki, ko shanu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=53}}. |{{harvnb|Huyge|2011}}. |{{harvnb|Leplongeon|2017}}. }}</ref> Saharar gabas{{snd}}ciki har da Masar da Sudan{{snd}}ta kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]] wanda ya ɗauki daga kusan shekaru 10,000 zuwa 5,000 da suka wuce. Al’ummomin makiyaya sun bunƙasa a lokacin, amma lokacin da yanayi ya bushe kusan 3,900 K.Z., mutane sun tilasta yin hijira zuwa kwarin Nilu don tsira. Wannan ne asalin al’ummomin [[Nubians|Nubiya]] a Sudan da kuma wayewar Masar ta dā.<ref name=Humid>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Kuper|Kröpelin|2006|pp=803–807}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=47,57}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Culture of the Nile", "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River"}}. Al’adar Nubiya (Sudan) a Sudan. }}</ref> ===Wayewar Masar ta dā=== [[File:Journey to Abydos, Tomb of Pairy MET DT10886.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|alt=Zane a bango na jirgin ruwa a kan kogi, tare da Masarawa suna yin iyo|Masarawa sun yi amfani da jiragen ruwa sosai wajen sufuri. Wannan hoto daga [[TT139|Kabari na Pairy]].<ref name=ancientTransport/>]] Kogin Nilu ya kasance cibiyar rayuwar Masar: yana ba da abinci ta hanyar amfanin gona da ya shayar, kuma yana jawo mutuwa lokacin da fari ya jawo gazawar amfanin gona da yunwa. Nilu ya ƙarfafa ci gaban kimiyya da gwamnati: ban ruwa, hasashen ambaliya da haraji duk sun buƙaci sabbin ƙwarewar lissafi da gudanarwa. Hasashen yanayi da taurari ma sun bunƙasa saboda buƙatar Masarawa su fahimci kogin da ambaliyarsa.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=9–10}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=49,63,69}}. }}</ref> Kalanda ta [[Masar ta dā]] ta dogara da zagayen ambaliyar Nilu. Shekara ta kasu kashi uku, kowanne yana da watanni huɗu na kwanaki talatin. Lokutan su ne [[Season of the Inundation|Akhet]] ('ambaliya'), [[Season of the Emergence|Peret]] ('girbi'), da [[Season of the Harvest|Shemu]] ('amfani'). Akhet shi ne lokacin da Nilu ya yi ambaliya, yana barin sabuwar ƙasa mai albarka; Peret shi ne lokacin girma; Shemu kuma lokacin girbi ba tare da ruwan sama ba.<ref name="Seasons">{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=103}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=355}}. Footnote 10. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=62}}. }}</ref> Nilu ya shafi harshensu: kalmomin kwatance sun dogara da mutum da yake fuskantar sama da kogin: kalma ɗaya na iya nufin ''sama'' da ''kudu''; wata kalma na ''hagu'' da ''gabashi''; da wata kalma na ''dama'' da ''yamma''.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=21}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=61}}. }}</ref> Wani lokaci suna kiran ruwan sama da "Nilu a sama".<ref>{{harvnb|Assmann|2001|p=59}}</ref> ===Al’ummomin Nubiya, Habasha, da Nilotic=== [[File:Rulers of Kush, Kerma Museum.jpg|thumb|[[Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt]] ta kasance ƙarƙashin sarakunan [[Kushites|Kushite]], waɗanda aka fi sani da Baƙar Firauna.<ref name=Kushite/>|alt=Hoton gumakan dutse guda bakwai na maza, suna tsaye.]] Kudu da ambaliyar Nilu ta biyu akwai [[Nubia]], inda al’ummomi suka zauna a bakin Nilu (yanzu Sudan) tun ƙarshen lokacin danshi na Afirka.<ref name=Kerma/>{{efn|Wasu masana sun sanya iyakar arewacin Nubia a Ambaliya ta Farko;{{harvnb|Appiah|Gates|2005|pp=1447}} wasu kuma a Ambaliya ta Biyu.{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=93}}}} Waɗannan al’ummomin Nubiya sun bunƙasa tare da wayewar Masar a arewa, amma ba su yi hulɗa sosai ba har sai lokacin [[Old Kingdom of Egypt]] kusan 3,000 K.Z.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Culture of the Nile"}}</ref> Wayewar farko ta Nubia ita ce [[Kerma culture]], daga kusan 2600 K.Z. zuwa 1500 K.Z. Kerma ta fara da kiwon shanu, amma daga baya ta koma noma yayin da Saharar ta bushe.<ref name=Kerma>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=92–95}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Culture of the Nile", "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River"}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=39-42}}. }}</ref> Kusan 780 K.Z., [[Kushite Empire]] ta taso a bakin Nilu, ta mamaye yawancin Masar ƙarƙashin [[Black Pharaoh]]s.<ref name=Kushite>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=92–95}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=60}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=107-115}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River", "Meroe"}}. }}</ref> Bayan zuwan Kiristanci, masarautun Kirista a Nubia (ciki har da [[Nobatia]], [[Makuria]], da [[Alodia]]) sun bunƙasa a bakin Nilu.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "History of Sudan: Arrival of Christianity and Islam"}}</ref> A yankin [[Eritrea]] da arewacin [[Ethiopia]], [[Kingdom of Aksum]] ta bunƙasa daga ƙarni na 1 zuwa 960 Z.Z. Aksum ta fi amfani da Tekun Ja wajen sufuri, amma kogunan Atbarah da Blue Nile suna cikin mulkinsa.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Ethiopia (Abyssinia)"}}</ref> [[Funj Sultanate]] (1504–1821) ta yi mulki a yankin Sudan na zamani.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=102}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Blue Nile River", "History of Sudan: Arrival of Christianity and Islam", "History of Sudan: Modern Period"}}. }}</ref> [[Ethiopian Empire]] (1270–1974) ta mamaye yankin Habasha da Eritrea.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Ethiopia (Abyssinia)"}}</ref> Kogin Nilu ya kasance gida ga [[Nilotic peoples]], manyan al’ummomi da suka samo asali a Sudan ta Kudu, suka yi hijira zuwa Uganda da Kenya.<ref>{{harvnb|Stokes|2009|pp=499-500|loc=Article: "Nilotes"}}</ref> Nilotic sun haɗa da [[Dinka people|Dinka]] da [[Nuer people|Nuer]], manyan kabilu a Sudan ta Kudu; dukkansu makiyaya ne masu yin hijira bisa yanayin ambaliyar Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=138–144}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=70-77}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Sudd", "Dinka", "Nuer"}} }}</ref> ===Masar daga zamanin Roma zuwa mulkin mallaka=== [[File:Mahmoudiyah Canal.jpg|thumb|An gina Mahmoudiyah Canal ta hannun Muhammad Ali na Masar (mai mulki daga 1805 zuwa 1848) don tallafawa ban ruwa da sufuri.<ref name=ali/>|alt=Hoton kogi, da bishiyoyi a bakin biyu, da jirgin ruwa a gefe.]] Kogin Nilu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasar Daular Roma, wadda ta yi mulkin Masar tsawon ƙarni da dama. Romawa sun shigo da hatsi mai yawa daga Masar, wanda aka noma da ruwan ambaliyar Nilu.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=19-20}}</ref> A ƙarni na farko, sarkin Trajan ya gina wani canal da ya haɗa Nilu da Tekun Ja.<ref>{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=50}}</ref> Tsakanin 945 da 977 Z.Z., ambaliyar Nilu ta yi ƙasa sosai; hakan ya jawo gazawar amfanin gona da rikice-rikicen siyasa wanda ya haifar da Fatimid Caliphate.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=21}}</ref>{{efn|Kusan 642 Z.Z., mayaƙan Larabawa sun kawo addinin Musulunci zuwa Masar, suka maye gurbin addinin Masar na dā.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=21}}</ref>}} Canals a Masar sun ci gaba da gina su da gyara su ta hannun Fatimiyawa (ƙarni na 10–11), Mamluk Sultanate (ƙarni na 13–16), da Ottoman Egypt (ƙarni na 16–19).<ref>{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=50-52}}</ref> Duk da ƙwarewar Masarawa wajen gina canals, ba su yi nasarar gina manyan dam ba sai ƙarni na 19, lokacin da auduga — da aka shayar da ruwan Nilu — ta zama muhimmin amfanin kasuwanci.<ref name=ali>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=52}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=15}}. }}</ref> Waɗannan dam ɗin farko an gina su a lokacin mulkin Muhammad Ali na Masar. An fara gina ƙananan dam a Delta da kusa da Cairo, domin tsawaita lokacin girma. Ali ya kuma gina canals ciki har da Mahmoudiyah Canal, wanda aka fara a 1818.<ref name=ali/> Ismail Pasha (Viceroy na Masar, 1863–1879) ya gina Ibrahimiya Canal — an kammala a 1873 — wanda yake tafiya a layi da Nilu kuma ana amfani da shi wajen ban ruwa.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Beaumont|1993|p=249}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Khedive Isma'il 1830-1895"}}. }}</ref> ===Binciken asalin Nilu=== [[File:Abyssinia 1619 map by Jodocus Hondius.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|alt=Tsohon taswirar Afirka ta tsakiya. Taswirar ta nuna garuruwa da koguna da dama, tare da kuskuren ilimin ƙasa.|Taswirar Turawa ta ƙarni na 17 na Afirka ta tsakiya. Nilu an rubuta shi ''Nilus fl.''. Yawancin abubuwan taswirar suna da kuskure ko almara.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=177-179}}</ref>]] Tun daga zamanin Helenawa, Turawa sun yi sha’awar gano asalin Nilu da ambaliyarsa.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=2}}</ref> Herodotus ya ziyarci Masar a 457 K.Z. ya yi tafiya har zuwa Aswan; ya yi mamakin ambaliyar Nilu da ke farawa a lokacin bazara — lokacin da ba a samun ruwan sama a Masar.<ref>{{harvnb|Williams|2009|p=70}}</ref> Masana ilimin ƙasa daga Turai, Afirka, da Larabawa tun daga Eratosthenes ƙarni na 2 K.Z. sun yi hasashen cewa asalin Nilu daga manyan tafkuna a Afirka ta tsakiya.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=177-179}}</ref> Duk da haka, har zuwa ƙarni na 17, taswirar da aka yi ba ta da tushe na kimiyya. Asalin Blue Nile an gano shi ta hannun mishan Pedro Páez wanda ya ziyarci Gish Abay a farkon ƙarni na 17, ya rubuta littafin ''História da Ethiópia''. Daga baya Jerónimo Lobo da James Bruce sun yada labarinsa, suna hasashen ya ziyarci wurin tsakanin 1613–1618.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=324}}</ref> Asalin White Nile ya fi wahala a gano. Tafkin Victoria ba a tabbatar da shi a matsayin babban asalin White Nile ba sai bayan shekaru 260 da aka gano Blue Nile.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=174–175}}</ref> A 1858, John Hanning Speke ya fara ganin Tafkin Victoria, daga baya ya gano wani kogi da ke fita daga arewacin tafkin, ya ce shi ne Nilu.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=36}}</ref> Amma bai bi kogin har zuwa Sudan ba, hakan ya sa wasu suka yi shakku. A farkon ƙarni na 20, Richard Kandt ya ce asalin White Nile daga wani reshen Kagera River a Nyungwe Forest.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 1969, masu bincike daga Waseda University sun gano wani reshe na Kagera. A 2006, masu yawon buɗe ido sun sake gano wurin, suka sanya alama a jikin itace. A 2009, masana sun yi amfani da hoton tauraron dan adam don ƙara tabbatar da wurin, suka gano tushen a wani rijiya kusa da wurin da aka gano a baya.<ref name=SourceCite/> == Siyasar ruwa a zamanin zamani== Kogin Nilu yana ketare iyakokin ƙasashe da dama, yana mai da shi kogi na ƙasashe da dama kuma ya zama abin rikici na siyasa.{{sfn|Allan|2009|pp=749-751}} ===Zamanin mulkin mallaka=== Bayan mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya a Masar ya fara a 1882,{{efn|Turawan Yamma sun raba Afirka a wani tsari da ake kira Scramble for Africa, wanda aka tabbatar a taron Berlin na 1885. Bisa wannan yarjejeniya, Birtaniya ta samu mafi yawan kwarin Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=176–177,317}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc= Article: "Geography of the Nile"}}. }}</ref> }} suka fara ƙarin ayyukan ruwa don ƙarfafa samar da auduga da tallafawa yawan jama’ar Masar da ke ƙaruwa da sauri.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=15}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=59–64}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=52}}. }}</ref>{{efn|name=EgyptIndep}} Babban dam na farko da aka gina a kan Nilu shi ne Aswan Low Dam, an kammala shi a 1902. An ƙara tsayinsa sau biyu: a 1912 da 1933.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=15}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=62–63}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> Wasu dam da aka gina a lokacin mulkin mallaka sun haɗa da Sennar Dam (1914–1925) a kan Blue Nile a Sudan, da Jebel Aulia Dam, wanda aka kammala a 1937 kusa da Khartoum.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=22}} Babban manufar dam ɗin da aka gina a ƙarni na 20 ita ce tallafawa ban ruwa; samar da wutar lantarki ta hydropower ba ta da muhimmanci sosai.{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=17}} A 1929, an cimma yarjejeniya tsakanin Masar da Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=63–64}}. |{{harvnb|Roach|2025|p=5}}. }}</ref> Yarjejeniyar ta tanadi cewa Masar da Sudan za su yi amfani da biliyan 48 da biliyan 4 na ruwan Nilu a kowace shekara, bi da bi. Masar ta tanadi ikon sa ido kan ruwan Nilu a ƙasashen sama, ta gudanar da ayyukan da suka shafi kogi ba tare da amincewar ƙasashen sama ba, kuma ta yi veto kan duk wani gini da zai iya cutar da Masar.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|p=22}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=63–64}}. |{{harvnb|Roach|2025|p=5}}. }}</ref> ===Bayan mulkin mallaka=== File:Großer Tempel (Abu Simbel) 31.jpg|thumb|An ɗaga haikalin Abu Simbel zuwa sama lokacin da aka gina Aswan High Dam wanda ya nutse wurin da suka kasance a dā.{{sfn|Fleming|Lothian|1997|pp=135-136}} |alt=Babban sassaka na dutse na sarakuna huɗu suna zaune a kujeru.] Masar da Sudan sun samu ‘yancin kai daga Birtaniya a tsakiyar shekarun 1950s.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|pp=22-23}}{{efn|name=EgyptIndep|Masar ta samu ‘yancin kai na zahiri a 1922, amma Birtaniya ta ci gaba da iko da harkokin waje kuma ta ajiye sojoji kusa da Suez Canal. Cikakken ‘yanci ya samu a 1957 bayan rikicin Suez.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=63-68}}}} A 1959 Masar da Sudan suka sabunta yarjejeniyar raba ruwa ta 1929. Sabuwar yarjejeniyar ta raba ruwa tsakanin Masar da Sudan da biliyan 55.5 da biliyan 18.5, bi da bi.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=122–123}}. |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|pp=22–24}}. }}</ref> Ƙasashen sama a cikin kwarin Nilu ba su shiga yarjejeniyar ta 1959 ba — ciki har da Habasha, wadda ke samar da fiye da rabin ruwan Nilu.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=24}} Yarjejeniyar ta 1959 ta ba da damar gina dam, wanda aka yi: Masar ta gina Aswan High Dam (an kammala 1970); Sudan ta gina Khashm el-Girba Dam (1964), Roseires Dam (1966), Merowe Dam (2009), da Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex (2017).{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=24}}{{efn|Yarjejeniyar ta 1959 ta kuma tanadi diyya daga Masar zuwa Sudan saboda korar Nubians daga wuraren su na asali sakamakon tafkin da Aswan High Dam ya haifar.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|pp=22-24}}}} A 1960, Masar ta fara gina Aswan High Dam wanda ke adana kusan ruwan Nilu na shekaru biyu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|pp=15–16}}. |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=52}}. }}</ref> Dam ɗin ya mai da sashen Nilu daga dam zuwa teku a matsayin babban canal na ban ruwa.{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=16}} Dam ɗin ya kawo fa’ida: ƙarin ruwa don ban ruwa, da wutar lantarki don masana’antu. Amma ya kawo illa: ingancin ruwa ya ragu, ƙasar ta rasa albarkar laka, ƙasar ta ƙara gishiri, cutar schistosomiasis, asarar muhalli, da korar Nubians.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|pp=148–151}}. |{{harvnb|Talling|2009|p=29}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=132–133}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=46,53,69}}. }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} s3hqt5x5731qm70rt9vu7lzvx6ezj27 843327 843326 2026-05-30T11:05:26Z Sirjat 20447 /* Bayan mulkin mallaka */ 843327 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nilu''' babban kogi ne da ke arewa maso gabashin Afirka, yana gudana zuwa Bahar Rum. Tsawonsa ya kai {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}}, kuma shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, duk da cewa ba ya ɗaukar ruwa da yawa kamar Amazon ko Congo. Nilu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin muhalli, tattalin arziki, da al’adu na Afirka tsawon dubban shekaru. Nilu yana da manyan rassan ruwa guda biyu: Farin Nilu da Bakin Nilu. Farin Nilu ya fi tsawo kuma ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin kogin, amma Bakin Nilu yana kawo ruwa fiye da sau biyu na Farin Nilu. Farin Nilu yana farawa kusa da Lake Victoria, yana gudana ta Uganda da Sudan ta Kudu; Bakin Nilu kuma yana farawa kusa da Lake Tana a Habasha, yana shiga Sudan daga kudu maso gabas. Sannan sukan haɗu a Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. Daga nan Nilu yana gudana ta hamadar Nubia zuwa Cairo, sannan ya zube cikin Bahar Rum kusa da Alexandria, inda ya kafa babban kwarin Nilu Delta. Kwarin Nilu yana ratsa ƙasashe 11. Yawancin ruwan Nilu yana fitowa daga ruwan sama a ƙasashen da ke sama kamar Habasha, Kenya, Tanzaniya da Uganda. Ƙasashen da ke ƙasa kamar Masar da Sudan suna dogara da ruwan Nilu don ban ruwa. Sauran ƙasashen da ke cikin kwarin sun haɗa da Burundi, DR Congo, Eritrea da Rwanda. Nilu ya kasance ginshiƙin ƙasar Masar ta dā, inda ambaliyar shekara-shekara ta kawo ƙasa mai gina amfanin gona. Wannan ƙasa ta tallafa wa noma da rayuwa a cikin hamada. Nilu ya sauƙaƙa kasuwanci, sadarwa, sufuri, da mulki. A kudu da cataract na biyu akwai Nubia, inda tsoffin al’ummomi irin su Kerma da Daular Kush suka zauna. A ƙarni na 19, Turawa sun yi bincike a kusa da Lake Victoria don gano asalin kogin. A yau, al’ummomin Nilotic suna rayuwa a gefen Nilu, suna kiwon shanu ta hanyar yin hijira bisa yanayin ambaliyar Nilu. A zamanin yau, Nilu yana da muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin Masar da Sudan, inda ake amfani da shi wajen ban ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki. Tun daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, an gina dam fiye da goma sha biyu a kwarin Nilu. Wadannan dam sun canza tsarin ambaliyar shekara-shekara, sun rage yawan laka da ke zuwa ƙasa, wanda ya sa Nilu Delta ke raguwa. Wasu dam kamar Aswan High Dam da Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam sun haifar da rikice-rikicen siyasa kan ƙarancin ruwa, tsaro, abinci, da tilasta ƙaura. == Sunaye da Asalin Suna == Kalmar Turanci "Nile" ta samo asali daga Latin ''Nilus'' da Greek ''Neilos'', wanda wataƙila ya samo asali daga kalmar Semitic ''naḥal'' ma’ana 'kogi'.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A cikin tsohuwar harshen Masar, kalma ɗaya ake amfani da ita don 'Nilu' da 'kogi': ''jtrw''.{{sfn|Allen|2000|pp=21,101}} Masarawa sun kira ƙasarsu ''kmt'' ma’ana 'baƙi', don nuni da launin ruwan ambaliyar Nilu mai ɗauke da laka daga sama.{{sfn|Allen|2000|p=339, 470}} Sunan Turanci "Blue Nile" fassarar sunan Larabci ne ''Al-Baḥr Al-Azraq''.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A zamanin yau, kogin yana da sunaye daban-daban a cikin kwarin Nilu. A Masar ana kiransa ''Al-Nīl'', ''Baḥr Al-Nīl'' ko ''Nahr Al-Nīl''.<ref name=Barh>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Badawi|2003 |p=717}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> A Sudan ta Kudu ana kiransa ''Baḥr el-Jebel'' ma’ana 'Kogin Dutsen'.{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}} A Uganda, masu magana da Luganda suna kiransa ''Kiyira''.{{sfn|Hamilton |2016|p=66}} Wasu mutanen Nubia na Masar da Sudan suna amfani da sunan Nobiin ''Áman Dawū'' ('Babban Ruwa').{{sfn|Murray| 1923|p=8}} Wasu rassan ruwa da sassan kogin suna ɗauke da sunan "Nile", ciki har da: * Albert Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Albert zuwa Nimule<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|pp=5,6,40}}. |{{harvnb| Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}}. }}</ref> * Black Nile — wani suna na Atbarah River<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Haupt|1926|p=305}}. |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|p=24}}. }}</ref> * Blue Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Kyoga Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Kyoga zuwa Lake Albert{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=338,345}} * Main Nile — ɓangaren Nilu bayan haɗuwar Bakin Nilu da Farin Nilu{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=4}} * Mountain Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga duwatsun Uganda zuwa filayen Sudan ta Kudu{{sfn|Talling|2009|p=390}} * Victoria Nile — ɓangaren Farin Nilu daga Lake Victoria zuwa Lake Kyoga{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=5}} * White Nile — ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan Nilu * Yellow Nile — Wadi Howar, tsohon rassa da ya bushe shekaru dubban da suka wuce{{sfn| Dumont|2009|p=4}} == Asali == [[File:Nile River Sources.svg|thumb|Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka. Nilu yana bayyana a matsayin layi mai lanƙwasa mai shuɗi, yana farawa daga ƙasa a cikin daji mai kore, sannan ya tafi sama ya ƙare a Bahar Rum.|Nilu yana da cataracts guda shida da kuma asali da dama.{{efn|Wasu daga cikin cataracts sun nutse saboda madatsun ruwa da aka gina.}}]] Asalin Nilu yana daga wani rassa na Rukarara River, a cikin Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda, a {{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E}}, a tsayin {{convert|2,539|m|ft|sp=us}}.<ref name=SourceCite>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Liu|2009}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=277–278}}. }}</ref>{{efn |name=sourceNote|An fara gano wurin a 1969 ta masu bincike daga Waseda University.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2006, wasu masu yawon buɗe ido suka sake gano wurin, suka sanya alama a wani itace kusa ({{Coord|2|16|56|S|29|19|53|E|display=inline}}) wanda yanzu wurin yawon buɗe ido ne.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 2009, masana suka yi amfani da hotunan tauraron dan adam don ƙara daidaita wurin, suka sanya shi a wani rijiya ({{Coord|2|19|35|S|29|21|30|E|display=inline}}) da ke nesa da wurin na 1969/2006.<ref name=SourceCite/>}} Asalin yana nufin farkon ruwan da ke gudana duk shekara a cikin kwarin Nilu.<ref name=SourceCite/> Daga wannan asali, kogin yana gudana {{convert|7,088|km|mi|sp=us}} zuwa bakin Bahar Rum.<ref name=SourceCite/>{{efn|name=longest}} Tsawon an auna shi a 2009 ta hanyar hotunan tauraron dan adam.<ref name=SourceCite/> Mafi tsayin asalin Nilu yana kan duwatsun Rwenzori a Uganda.<ref name=Rwenz/> Duwatsun da ake kira “Mountains of the Moon” da Ptolemy ya bayyana sun danganta da Rwenzori.<ref name=Rwenz>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont|2009|pp=243–246}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=282}}. }}</ref> Asalin da ya fi kudu yana Burundi a Ruvyironza River, wanda ke shiga Kagera River.<ref name=southSource/> An gina wani abin tunawa a kusa da Rutovu a 1937 ta Burkhart Waldecker.<ref name=southSource>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-29}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=300–301}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. |{{harvnb|Warburg|2007|pp=475,483-484}}. |{{harvnb|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Abin tunawa yana a {{Coord|3|54|54.0|S|29|50|16.5|E}}.{{sfn|"Source Du Nil", ''Google Maps''}} }} Lake Victoria — wanda Tanzaniya, Uganda da Kenya ke rabawa — wani lokaci ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin asalin Nilu, saboda yana ciyar da Farin Nilu daga Jinja, Uganda.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=6}}{{efn|Nilu yana fita daga Lake Victoria a Jinja, inda ake da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ake kira "source of the Nile".{{Sfn|Walubiri|2018}}}} Wasu kuma suna ganin asalin gaskiya shi ne gajimare na ruwan sama da ke sama da Lake Victoria, saboda su ne ke kawo mafi yawan ruwan tafkin.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=340-341}}. |{{harvnb|Camberlin|2009|pp=312-314}}. }}</ref> Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusa da Gish Abay, kudu da Lake Tana.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}{{efn|Asalin Bakin Nilu yana kusan km 75 kudu da Lake Tana, a {{Coord|10.9699|N|37.1986|E|format=dms}}.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}}} == Yanayin ƙasa == [[File:Nile River Landmarks.svg|thumb|Ruwan Kogin Nilu yana samo asali ne daga ruwan sama da ke sauka a tsaunukan yankunan kudu da gabashin Kwarin Nilu.|alt=Taswirar arewa maso gabashin Afirka, tana nuna wuraren wasu birane da wuraren yawon buɗe ido da ke kan kogin.]] Kogin Nilu babban kogi ne a arewa maso gabashin Afirka wanda ke kwarara zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum. Kwarin Nilu shi ne dukkan yankin ƙasa da ruwansa ke gangarowa zuwa Kogin Nilu, kuma yana da faɗin kilomita murabba'i 2,927,843{{snd}}kimanin kashi 10% na nahiyar Afirka (duba taswirar da ke kusa).<ref name=basinSize/> Kasashe goma sha ɗaya ne gaba ɗaya ko wani ɓangarensu ke cikin wannan kwari: Burundi, Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo, Masar, Eritrea, Habasha, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan ta Kudu, Sudan, Tanzaniya da Uganda.{{sfn|Allan|2009|p=753}}{{efn|A shekara ta 2011, Sudan ta Kudu ta balle daga Sudan, ta zama ƙasa ta goma sha ɗaya a Kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=18}}}} Wannan kwari ya ƙunshi nau'o'in yanayi, tsarin muhalli da siffofin ƙasa iri-iri{{snd}}daga hamada masu yashi da fari a arewa, zuwa filayen fadama masu laushi a tsakiyar yankin, zuwa tsaunuka masu dazuzzuka da yawan ruwan sama a kudu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=335-340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=5}}. }}</ref> Ana iya raba Kwarin Nilu zuwa yankuna bakwai; biyar daga cikinsu suna ɗauke da mafi tsawon hanyar da Kogin Nilu yake bi. Idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan yankuna biyar su ne: Tafkunan Manyan Afirka, Nilu na Tsaunuka, Farin Nilu, Babban Nilu, da Delta ta Nilu. Yankuna biyu na ƙari suna ɗauke da manyan rafukan da ke shiga Nilu: Shuɗin Nilu da Kogin Atbarah.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} === Tafkunan Manyan Afirka === Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka yana ɗauke da asalin Kogin Nilu tare da wasu manyan tafkuna da suke cikin tsarin Kogin Nilu: Tafkin Victoria, Tafkin Albert, Tafkin George da Tafkin Edward.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Eggermont |2009|p=255}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=27-46}}. Bayanin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka. }}</ref> Asalin Kogin Nilu shi ne Kogin Rukarara da ke cikin Gandun Dajin Ƙasa na Nyungwe a Rwanda,<ref name=SourceCite/> kuma yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera wanda ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}}{{efn|name=sourceRivSequence|Asalin Kogin Nilu yana kaiwa zuwa Kogin Rukarara, sannan zuwa Kogin Mwogo, wanda ke haɗuwa da Kogin Mbirurume ya zama Kogin Nyabarongo, wanda ke kaiwa zuwa Kogin Kagera, wanda kuma ke zubowa cikin Tafkin Victoria.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=260,263,277–278}}. |{{harvnb|Hughes|1992|pp=97,119,198}}. }}</ref> }} Ko da yake babban tafki ne{{snd}}na biyu mafi girman tafkin ruwa mai ɗanɗano a duniya idan aka auna faɗi{{efn|An auna ne ta fuskar faɗin ƙasa, ba girman ruwa ba.}}{{snd}} Tafkin Victoria ba shi da zurfi sosai, domin matsakaicin zurfinsa kusan mita 40 ne.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=214}} Kogin yana fara ɗaukar sunan “Nilu” ne a inda Tafkin Victoria ke zubar da ruwa daga arewacinsa: sashen daga nan zuwa Tafkin Albert ana kiransa Victoria Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan faɗuwa guda biyu{{snd}}Ripon Falls da Owen Falls{{snd}}sun kasance a wurin da Nilu ke fita daga Tafkin Victoria, amma an nutsar da su bayan gina Dam ɗin Nalubaale. Bayan Bujagali Falls da Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Bujagali, Victoria Nile yana zubowa cikin Tafkin Kyoga. Bayan ya fita daga Tafkin Kyoga, Kogin Kafu yana shiga cikinsa, sannan ya ratsa Murchison Falls ya shiga Tafkin Albert. Ba kamar Tafkin Victoria ba, Tafkin Albert tafki ne mai zurfi wanda tsaunuka suka kewaye shi. Kogin yana fita daga tafkin a gefen arewarsa, inda ake kiransa Albert Nile; wannan sashe na kogin yana da shimfiɗa kuma faffaɗa, kuma ya dace da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa masu tururi.<ref name=phys>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|pp=336–339}}. }}</ref> === Nilu na Tsaunuka === Yanki na biyu na Kwarin Nilu idan aka bi daga sama zuwa ƙasa shi ne Nilu na Tsaunuka ({{langx|ar-latn|Bahr al Jabal}}).<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. }}</ref> Wannan yanki yana farawa kusa da garin Nimule, yana kaiwa zuwa Tafkin No, kuma gaba ɗayansa yana cikin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan ya ratsa Nimule, kogin yana wucewa ta Fula Rapids sannan ya isa Juba{{snd}}babban birnin Sudan ta Kudu. Bayan Juba, Nilu yana ratsa garin Bor sannan ya shiga Sudd, wata babbar fadama da ke kan shimfiɗaɗɗen fili.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=47-69}}.</ref> Gangarar ƙasar a yankin Sudd kusan 1:13,000 ce kawai, saboda haka kogin yana tafiya a hankali kuma yana faɗaɗa. Tsire-tsire masu yalwa ciki har da sedges, papyrus da water hyacinth na gama gari (wani nau'in tsiro mai mamaye muhalli) suna toshe hanyoyin ruwa kuma suna wahalar da zirga-zirga. A gefen arewa na fadamar Sudd, Nilu yana wucewa ta Tafkin No, ƙaramin tafki inda Kogin Bahr el Ghazal (wato “kogin barewa” a Larabci) ke shiga cikinsa daga yamma.<ref name=phys/> ===Yankin Farar Nilu=== [[File:Whiteandblueniles.jpg|thumb|alt=Hoton sama na Khartoum, yana nuna haduwar koguna biyu, kowanne da launin ruwansa daban|Launuka daban-daban na Farar Nilu (hagu) da Bakar Nilu (dama) suna bayyana inda suka hade suka zama babban Nilu (hagu sama).]] Yayin da ake ci gaba da tafiya ƙasa, yankin na uku na kwarin Nilu shi ne yankin Farar Nilu{{efn|Yankin Farar Nilu, kamar yadda aka bayyana nan, yana dauke da karamin bangare na babban Kogin Farar Nilu.}} wanda ya hada da tsawon {{convert|800 |km|mi|sp=us}} daga kusa da Malakal zuwa Khartoum, babban birnin Sudan. A nan ne Bakar Nilu ya hade da shi. Wannan bangaren kogin yana da faɗi, kwanciyar hankali, tare da ciyayi da fadamomi a bakin koguna. Kogin nan ba shi da zurfi kuma yana rasa ruwa sosai ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Inda Farar Nilu ya hade da Bakar Nilu, launukansu suna bambanta sosai. Farar Nilu ya fi haske saboda yashi da yake dauke da [[quartz]] da [[feldspar]]. Wannan ya bambanta da Bakar Nilu wanda ke dauke da laka mai duhu daga duwatsun [[basaltic rock]] na Habasha.{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|pp=44-45}} Kogin Sobat shi ne rafi wanda ke hade da Farar Nilu kusa da garin Malakal (bayan haduwar Bahr el Ghazal, kafin Bakar Nilu). Yankinsa{{snd}}wanda ya hada da [[Machar Marshes]]{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=6}}{{snd}}yana dauke da kusan kilomita murabba’i 225,000.{{sfn|Shahin|2002|p=276}} Sobat yana ambaliya tsakanin Yuli da Disamba.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} ===Babban Nilu=== [[File:Assuan-Hochdamm 15.JPG|thumb|Babban Dam na Aswan yana kan babban Nilu kusa da iyakar Misira da Sudan. Injinan lantarki na dam din suna da karfin samar da 2.1 [[gigawatt]]s.{{sfn|El-Shabrawy|2009| p= 149}}|alt=Ginin kankare mai girma kusa da tafkin shiru. Manyan hasumiyoyin wutar lantarki suna kusa da ginin.]] Yankin na hudu na kwarin Nilu{{snd}}babban Nilu{{efn|Bangaren Nilu tsakanin haduwar Bakar/Farar Nilu da Bahar Rum ana kiransa Babban Nilu ko Saharan Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=360}}. |{{harvnb|Williams|2009|p=62}}. }}</ref> }}{{snd}}yana daga Khartoum zuwa Cairo, babban birnin Misira.<ref name=phys/> Wannan bangaren yana da faɗi da zurfi mai daidaito: kusan {{convert|500|m|ft|sp=us}} faɗi da {{convert|10|m|ft|sp=us}} zurfi a wurin da ya fi zurfi (idan ba ambaliya ba).{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|p=45}} Da zarar ya bar Khartoum, kogin ya shiga Sabaloka Game Reserve kuma ya ratsa manyan rafuka masu ƙarfi da ba a iya ketarewa da jirgin ruwa. Wannan shi ne na shida (kuma mafi kusa da sama) daga cikin rafuka shida na Nilu. Kogin Atbarah{{snd}}babban rafi{{snd}}yana hade da Nilu, wanda daga nan ya bi babban lankwasawa S zuwa yamma. Ana samun sauran rafuka hudu (lamba 5, 4, 3, da 2) a cikin wannan lankwasawa S, wanda ya sa kogin ba ya iya ketarewa; duk da haka jiragen ruwa na iya tafiya a wasu wuraren da ba su da rafuka. Kogin daga nan ya shiga tafkin Nasser. Wannan tafki{{snd}}tafki na biyu mafi girma da mutum ya yi a duniya{{snd}}an kafa shi ne lokacin da aka gina Babban Dam na Aswan a Misira, kuma ya mamaye fiye da {{convert|480 |km|mi|sp=us}} na Nilu. Dam na Aswan Low{{snd}}wanda ya fi tsoho kuma ya fi ƙanƙanta{{snd}}yana ƙasa da Babban Dam na Aswan, kusa da wurin rafin farko na Nilu (wanda yanzu ya nutse). Daga wadannan dam-dam, Nilu yana gudana kusan {{convert|800|km|mi|sp=us}} ta cikin dutsen limestone, tare da gonaki masu ban ruwa, har sai ya isa Cairo.<ref name=phys/> ===Delta na Nilu=== [[File:Nile River and delta from orbit.jpg|thumb|Delta na Nilu shi ne babban yanki mai siffar alwatika da ciyayi a saman wannan hoto, inda kogin ya zuba cikin Bahar Rum.|alt=Hoton arewacin Misira, wanda aka dauka daga sararin samaniya. Nilu ya kare ta hanyar shiga Bahar Rum, yana samar da babban yanki mai siffar alwatika.]] Yankin na biyar, kuma na ƙarshe, wanda ya kunshi Kogin Nilu shi ne Delta na Nilu, babban [[delta]] mai siffar alwatika (kimanin 22,000&nbsp;km{{super|2}}){{sfn|Hamza|2009|p=75}} wanda ya fara daga Cairo zuwa Bahar Rum.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Kogin ya rabu zuwa manyan hanyoyi biyu a cikin delta: reshen Rosetta da reshen Damietta. Jimillar girman delta (ciki har da bangaren da ya nutse) kusan 150,000&nbsp;km{{super|3}}. Delta an gina shi tsawon miliyoyin shekaru, daga yashi da kogin ya kawo daga sama.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Talbot|Williams|2009|pp=37–40, 57}}. }}</ref> Tun bayan kammala Babban Dam na Aswan a 1970, delta ya fara raguwa saboda lalacewar ruwan Bahar Rum. A da, lalacewar tana daidaita da sabbin ƙasa daga yashi da kogin ya kawo; amma dam yana rike yashi a tafkin sa, yana hana sabuwar ƙasa isa delta.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=93}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=45-46}}. }}</ref> ===Rafin Bakar Nilu=== [[File:Lower Aber river and tributaries.png|thumb|Asalin Bakar Nilu yana daga Gish Abay a ƙasan layin haske. Kogin yana gudana zuwa arewa daga nan zuwa Tafkin Tana.|alt=Taswirar Habasha, tana nuna wani bangare na Bakar Nilu da Tafkin Tana.]] Tsawon hanyar Nilu{{snd}}wanda ya hada da rafi Farar Nilu{{snd}}yana da wasu rafuka. Yankunan kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu da Atbarah su ne yankuna na ƙarshe na kwarin Nilu.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Bakar Nilu yana fitowa daga tsaunuka a Habasha inda yake farawa a matsayin rafin da ake kira ''Abay'' kusa da garin Gish Abay: {{lang|am|Gish}} kalma ce ta Amharic wadda ke nufin 'tushen', kuma Abay shi ne sunan rafin.<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=323–324}}. |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=88-104}}. Overview of Blue Nile. }}</ref> Gish Abay yana shiga Tafkin Tana, tafki mai faɗi kuma ba shi da zurfi, wanda ke da hanya guda ta fita inda ya karɓi sunan "Bakar Nilu". Kogin daga nan yana yin babban lankwasawa: da farko zuwa kudu, sannan yamma ta cikin kwarin mai ban mamaki mai zurfin {{convert|2 |km|ft|sp=us}}, sannan arewa yana shiga Kudancin Sudan zuwa Sudan, inda ya hade da Farar Nilu a Khartoum ya zama Babban Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|McKenna|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009}}. }}</ref> A hanyarsa, Bakar Nilu yana samar da wutar lantarki a wurare da dama, ciki har da Tis Abay hydropower project a Bakar Nilu Falls, Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam kusa da iyakar Habasha da Kudancin Sudan, Roseires Dam kusa da garin Ad Damazin, da Sennar Dam.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=274, 339}}. Blue Nile Falls. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=116,135}}. Roseires Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=341}}. Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=118, 131, 348}}. Sennar Dam. }}</ref> Girman kwaruruwan Bakar Nilu ya fi kilomita murabba’i 306,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} ===Rafin Atbarah=== Kogin Atbarah rafi ne na Nilu wanda yake fitowa daga arewacin Habasha, kuma yana hade da Nilu kusan {{convert|320|km|mi|sp=us}} arewa da Khartoum.<ref name=Atbarah/> Yankin kwaruruwansa ya fi kilomita murabba’i 204,000.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 3}} Atbarah yana da gudu mai yawa a lokacin da bayan damina a Habasha (lokacin bazara da kaka), amma yana iya bushewa a lokacin hunturu da bazara. Duk da kasancewar rafin yana yawan yankewa, yana bayar da fiye da kashi 10% na jimillar ruwan shekara na Nilu.<ref name=Atbarah>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=7}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=339}}. }}</ref> Dam-dam da ke kan Atbarah sun hada da Khashm el-Girba Dam, Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex, da Tekezé Dam (a kan rafin Tekezé).<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=321,336–337}}. Tekezé Dam. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=359}}. Khashm el-Girba Dam. |{{harvnb|Hafez |2024}}. Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex. }}</ref> ==Ruwan Kogin== {{Nile River routemap}} [[File:Monthly variations of the flow of the Nile River.svg|thumb|upright=1.25|alt=Zane yana nuna sauyin ruwan Nilu a kowace shekara cikin mita kubik a sakan. Darajoji (Janairu zuwa Disamba) su ne 1285.7, 1006.0, 831.3, 881.7, 828.7, 845.2, 1930.3, 6984.0, 7866.5, 4895.2, 2510.8, 1596.9.|Gudun ruwan Nilu yana bambanta sosai a duk shekara. An auna darajoji (m³/s) a Dongola a kan babban Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin Dongola", ''Global Runoff Data Center''}}{{efn|name=exclGERD}} ]] ===Gudun ruwa da ambaliya=== {{further|Flooding of the Nile}} Ko da yake Nilu shi ne mafi tsawo a duniya, ba shi da mafi girman gudun ruwa. Gudunsa{{snd}}kimanin 87 km³ a shekara{{efn| name=discharge}}{{snd}}ya yi ƙanƙanta idan aka kwatanta da manyan koguna. Gudun Nilu kusan kashi 1% ne na Amazon, 6% na Congo, da 12% na Yangtze.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=4}}. |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=340}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=11}}. }}</ref>{{efn|An yi kwatancen ne da gudun Nilu da aka auna a Aswan. Gudun Nilu zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum ya fi ƙanƙanta.{{efn| name=discharge}} }} Gudun shekara-shekara daga manyan rassan uku na Nilu: 54% daga Blue Nile, 32% daga White Nile (ciki har da gudun Bahr el Ghazal da Sobat), da 14% daga Atbarah.{{sfn|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc= Table 4. Based on annual discharge figures: Blue Nile 48 km³; White Nile 28 km³; Atbarah 12 km³ }} Dutsen White Nile da Blue Nile suna samun ruwan sama na yanayi, amma gudun White Nile ya fi daidaito fiye da Blue Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Wannan saboda tafkuna da fadamomi da yawa a White Nile suna rage tasirin yanayin ruwan sama.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=357}} Yayin da White Nile ke wucewa ta cikin fadamar Sudd, kusan rabin ruwan yana ɓacewa ta hanyar ƙura.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2009|p=346}} A gefe guda, gudun Blue Nile yana bambanta sosai: yana ambaliya daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba saboda ruwan sama na damina.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} Ruwan Blue Nile ya yi yawa a lokacin damina har White Nile ke ja baya a wurin haɗuwar koguna.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Ghabbour|2009|pp=503–504}}. }}</ref> A lokacin ambaliya, gudun ruwa zuwa babban Nilu kusan 70% daga Blue Nile, 20% daga Atbarah, da 10% daga White Nile.{{sfn|Hurst|2025}} A kololuwar ambaliya, gudun yau da kullum zuwa Lake Nasser kusan 0.71 km³, sau uku fiye da matsakaicin gudun yau da kullum na shekara 0.23 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. Summer flood: 25.1 billion ft³ per day, or 0.71 km³ per day. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p=8639|loc=Table 4}}. Annual mean measured at Dongola station: 83 km³ per year, or 0.23 km³ per day. }}</ref>{{efn|name=exclGERD}}{{ efn| Yayin da gudun Blue Nile ke raguwa a lokacin sanyi, ruwan White Nile da aka tara yana ƙaruwa a Khartoum. A Afrilu da Mayu, White Nile yana bayar da kusan 80% na ruwan Nilu. Wannan ya ba da damar yin ban ruwa a duk shekara.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=5}} }} Kafin a gina madatsun ruwa a Nilu, gudun ruwan Nilu a Masar yana bambanta da yanayi: ya fi yawa a lokacin bazara/damina; ya fi ƙanƙanta a lokacin sanyi/bazara.{{efn| Ƙarfin ambaliyar Nilu na shekara-shekara yana iya bambanta sosai daga shekara zuwa shekara. Lokutan ƙarancin ambaliya na iya ɗaukar shekaru da dama ko ƙarni.{{sfn|Collins|2002|pp=20-26}} }} Amma bayan gina Aswan High Dam{{snd}}wanda ya ƙirƙiri tafkin da zai iya riƙe kusan shekaru biyu na gudun ruwa{{snd}} gudun ruwan da ke ƙasa ya fi daidaito a duk shekara.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=5}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=45}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Gudun shekara-shekara na kogin a Aswan kusan 84 km³; kuma tafkin Aswan High Dam yana iya riƙe kusan 160 km³.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Senay|2014|p= 8644 |loc=section 3.5.4}}. }}</ref> }} === Jigilar laka === Nilu yana ɗaukar laka zuwa ƙasa. Motsin laka ana rarrabe shi zuwa laka mai shawagi (wanda ke shawagi a cikin ruwa) ko laka mai nauyi (wanda ke kan ƙasan kogi).{{sfn|Lemma |2019|p=1}} Kashi 97% na laka da Nilu ke ɗauka daga Atbarah da Blue Nile ne, dukkansu daga Habasha.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=38}} Ƙasa a Delta ta Nilu ta samo asali daga duwatsu a Habasha. Jimillar duwatsun da aka nika cikin shekaru miliyan 30 daga asalin Nilu a Habasha kusan 102,000 km³, wanda ya yi daidai da ƙasar Delta ta Nilu kusan 150,000 km³.{{sfn|Talbot|Williams|2009|p=37}} == Muhalli == === Dabbobi === Jimillar nau’in kifaye da aka samu a kwarin Nilu an kiyasta fiye da 800. A cikin kogin kaɗai, nau’in kifaye 128 ne aka samu, daga iyalai 27.<ref name=fish/> Yawancin nau’in kifaye suna cikin iyalai huɗu: Cichlidae (cichlids), Cyprinidae (carp), Mormyridae (elephantfish), da Mochokidae (catfish).{{sfn|Witte|2009|p=647 }} Wasu nau’in Cichlid suna cikin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka.<ref name=fish>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Witte|2009|pp=647, 651–652 }}. |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. }}</ref> Baya ga kifaye, dabbobin da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwan Nilu a wasu lokuta sun haɗa da hipopotamus, kada na Nilu, da buffalo na Afirka. Wasu halittun ruwa sun haɗa da molluscs, crab, da shrimp. <ref name=animals/> Dabbobi da yawa suna rayuwa a cikin muhallin bakin kogi, ciki har da giwaye, antelope, da giraffe.<ref name=animals/> Ƙwaryar da aka samu a tafkunan Nilu suna ɗauke da ƙwari masu cutarwa (blood flukes) waɗanda ke haifar da schistosomiasis ga dabbobi da mutane.{{sfn| Green|2009|p=205}} Tsuntsaye da ke rayuwa a bakin Nilu sun haɗa da herons, kingfishers, ospreys, da nau’o’in storks ciki har da shoebills.<ref name=animals>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=189}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Van Damme|Bocxlaer |2009|pp=585}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont |2009|pp=10–11}}. |{{harvnb|Green|El-Moghraby|2009|pp=193,196–197,201–202}}. }}</ref> Wasu nau’in tsuntsaye suna da alaƙa da kwarin Nilu kaɗai (misali blue-winged goose), yayin da wasu suna da yaduwar duniya (misali moorhen da osprey).{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Wasu nau’in heron, ducks, geese, da egrets suna rayuwa a kwarin duk shekara, kuma nau’in ducks da geese 14 suna zuwa ne kawai a lokacin sanyi.{{sfn|Green|2009a|p=705}} Yawancin gulls da terns a kwarin suna yin hijira. A cikin shekaru dubu da suka gabata, wasu nau’in tsuntsaye sun ragu saboda mamayar ɗan adam a muhallinsu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Green|2009a|p=705}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53-55,58,70}}. }}</ref> === Tsirrai === [[File:Nymphaea lotus1XMATT.jpg|thumb|alt= Furen fari da ganyaye masu kore suna shawagi a saman ruwa.|Nymphaea lotus (furen lotus na Masar) yana asali daga ruwan kwanciyar hankali na kwarin Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|pp=205,207}}. |{{harvnb| Vijverberg|2009|p=166}}. }}</ref>]] Yankin Tafkunan Manyan Afirka na kwarin Nilu ya ƙunshi tsirrai kamar water lily, papyrus, da water hyacinth. Water hyacinth tsiro ne mai mamaya, kuma ya shafi tsirrai na asali a Lake Kyoga.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb| Green|2009|p=205}}. |{{harvnb| Dumont|2009|p=13}}. }}</ref> Tsirrai da aka saba a fadamar Sudd sun haɗa da Vossia, hippo grass, reed mace, ambatch, da papyrus. Sudd kuma tana ɗauke da tsirrai da ke rayuwa a cikin ƙaramin ambaliya, misali Oryza, antelope grass, da Phragmites.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Sutcliffe|2009|p=350}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> === Gurbatar muhalli === A tarihi, ruwan Nilu ya kasance mai kyau don sha, amma a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, ya zama ba shi da lafiya a wasu wurare.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|Talling|2009a|p=368}}. }}</ref>{{efn|Jack Talling ya rubuta "Abubuwa biyu na ruwan Nilu na ƙasa sun jawo hankali{{snd}} cewa yana da inganci don sha da ban ruwa, kuma cewa yana ɗauke da yawan laka a yanayi."{{sfn|Talling|2009a|p=368}} }} Gurɓatawa ya fi yawa a Lake Tana, kusa da manyan birane, da Delta ta Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=18}}. |{{harvnb|El-Sheekh|2009|pp=395–396}}. }}</ref> Asalin gurɓatawa a Nilu sun haɗa da aikin gona, masana’antu, da shara na gida. Akwai masana’antu 36 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa kai tsaye cikin Nilu, da 41 cikin tashoshin ban ruwa. Waɗannan masana’antu sun haɗa da: sinadarai, lantarki, injiniya, takin zamani, abinci, ƙarfe, hakar ma’adinai, mai da sabulu, takarda, masana’antar zane da itace. Akwai fiye da magudanan aikin gona 90 da ke zubar da gurɓataccen ruwa cikin Nilu.{{sfn|"Nile Basin National Water Quality", ''Nile Basin Initiative''|pp=12-22}} Gurbatar kogi ya fi yawa tsakanin Aswan da Tekun Bahar Rum. Gurɓatar nan ya fito daga ayyukan ɗan adam, zubar aikin gona, da shara na masana’antu. Gurɓataccen abu yana ƙaruwa yayin da kogi ke tafiya ƙasa saboda taruwar gurɓatawa.<ref name=delta>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Hegab|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Hamza|2009|p=75}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=53,59,69}}. }}</ref> Delta tana da sauƙin taruwar gurɓatawa saboda rashin motsin ruwa mai kyau, ƙasa mai laushi, da yawan laka a ƙasan kogi.{{sfn|Abotalib|2023}} === Kariya da tasirin ɗan adam === [[File:Murchison Falls, Uganda (23475021234).jpg|thumb|Murchison Falls a White Nile|alt=Babban rafin ruwa, da dazuzzuka a bangarorin biyu.]] Kwarin Nilu ya kasance mai ɗanɗano da danshi daga shekaru 15,000 da suka gabata zuwa 5,000, wanda ya ba da damar fara aikin gona mai girma a kusan shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata.<ref name=Humid/> Ci gaban aikin gona ya ƙara tasiri ga muhalli tun daga lokacin, yana haifar da sare dazuzzuka da lalacewar ƙasa.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Tasirin ya ƙara muni saboda yanayin ƙanƙara da ya fara kusan shekaru 4,000 da suka gabata. Wannan ya haifar da yunwa, rikice-rikicen zamantakewa, da lalacewar muhalli.{{sfn|Williams |2009a|p=771}} Wasu nau’in dabbobi sun bace a kwarin Nilu saboda ayyukan ɗan adam. Sacred ibis ya kasance mai muh ==Tarihin ɗan Adam== ===Kafin Tarihi=== [[File:The Nile River flows into the Mediterranean Sea (iss071e405499).jpg | thumb | Kogin Nilu (ƙasa) yana gudana ta hamadar Masar, wanda ya kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]].<ref name=Humid/> |alt=Hoton tauraron dan adam na Masar, yana nuna yashi da yawa, tare da kogin mai duhu yana gudana ta cikin yashi, yana shiga cikin teku. ]] Tsofaffin kakanni na jinsin ɗan Adam sun zauna kusa da kwarin Nilu. An gano ƙashin [[Australopithecus afarensis]] da aka fi sani da [[Lucy (hominid)|Lucy]] a gabashin iyakar kwarin. [[Olduvai Gorge]]{{snd}}inda aka fara gano ƙashin [[Homo habilis]]{{snd}}yana kudu da kwarin.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=246,346}}</ref> A cikin kwarin Nilu, wurin binciken [[Nyayanga]] a gabashin gabar Tafkin Victoria yana da kayan aikin [[Oldowan]] tun shekaru miliyan 2.6 da suka wuce.<ref>{{harvnb|Plummer|2023}}</ref>{{efn| Kogin Nilu da Tafkin Victoria ba su kasance a irin wannan siffar ba a lokacin [[Australopithecus afarensis]], [[Homo habilis]], ko [[Oldowan|masana'antar Oldowan]].<ref>{{harvnb|Abdelsalam|2018|pp=742,768|loc=Figures 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D}}</ref> }} An gano zaman ɗan Adam a bakin Nilu tsakanin shekaru 12,000 zuwa 20,000 da suka wuce a wurin kusa da garin [[Qurta]] (Masar). Waɗannan mutane sun sassaka [[petroglyphs]] a cikin duwatsu, suna nuna [[auroch]]s, tsuntsaye, [[hippopotamid]]s, barewa, [[hartebeest]], da kifi. Wasu masana sun yi hasashen cewa waɗannan mutane, ko wasu da ke kusa, sun iya fara kiwon tumaki, awaki, ko shanu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=53}}. |{{harvnb|Huyge|2011}}. |{{harvnb|Leplongeon|2017}}. }}</ref> Saharar gabas{{snd}}ciki har da Masar da Sudan{{snd}}ta kasance mai ɗan danshi a lokacin [[African humid period]] wanda ya ɗauki daga kusan shekaru 10,000 zuwa 5,000 da suka wuce. Al’ummomin makiyaya sun bunƙasa a lokacin, amma lokacin da yanayi ya bushe kusan 3,900 K.Z., mutane sun tilasta yin hijira zuwa kwarin Nilu don tsira. Wannan ne asalin al’ummomin [[Nubians|Nubiya]] a Sudan da kuma wayewar Masar ta dā.<ref name=Humid>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Kuper|Kröpelin|2006|pp=803–807}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=47,57}}. Al’adar Masar. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Culture of the Nile", "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River"}}. Al’adar Nubiya (Sudan) a Sudan. }}</ref> ===Wayewar Masar ta dā=== [[File:Journey to Abydos, Tomb of Pairy MET DT10886.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|alt=Zane a bango na jirgin ruwa a kan kogi, tare da Masarawa suna yin iyo|Masarawa sun yi amfani da jiragen ruwa sosai wajen sufuri. Wannan hoto daga [[TT139|Kabari na Pairy]].<ref name=ancientTransport/>]] Kogin Nilu ya kasance cibiyar rayuwar Masar: yana ba da abinci ta hanyar amfanin gona da ya shayar, kuma yana jawo mutuwa lokacin da fari ya jawo gazawar amfanin gona da yunwa. Nilu ya ƙarfafa ci gaban kimiyya da gwamnati: ban ruwa, hasashen ambaliya da haraji duk sun buƙaci sabbin ƙwarewar lissafi da gudanarwa. Hasashen yanayi da taurari ma sun bunƙasa saboda buƙatar Masarawa su fahimci kogin da ambaliyarsa.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=9–10}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=49,63,69}}. }}</ref> Kalanda ta [[Masar ta dā]] ta dogara da zagayen ambaliyar Nilu. Shekara ta kasu kashi uku, kowanne yana da watanni huɗu na kwanaki talatin. Lokutan su ne [[Season of the Inundation|Akhet]] ('ambaliya'), [[Season of the Emergence|Peret]] ('girbi'), da [[Season of the Harvest|Shemu]] ('amfani'). Akhet shi ne lokacin da Nilu ya yi ambaliya, yana barin sabuwar ƙasa mai albarka; Peret shi ne lokacin girma; Shemu kuma lokacin girbi ba tare da ruwan sama ba.<ref name="Seasons">{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=103}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=355}}. Footnote 10. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=62}}. }}</ref> Nilu ya shafi harshensu: kalmomin kwatance sun dogara da mutum da yake fuskantar sama da kogin: kalma ɗaya na iya nufin ''sama'' da ''kudu''; wata kalma na ''hagu'' da ''gabashi''; da wata kalma na ''dama'' da ''yamma''.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Allen|2000|p=21}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=61}}. }}</ref> Wani lokaci suna kiran ruwan sama da "Nilu a sama".<ref>{{harvnb|Assmann|2001|p=59}}</ref> ===Al’ummomin Nubiya, Habasha, da Nilotic=== [[File:Rulers of Kush, Kerma Museum.jpg|thumb|[[Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt]] ta kasance ƙarƙashin sarakunan [[Kushites|Kushite]], waɗanda aka fi sani da Baƙar Firauna.<ref name=Kushite/>|alt=Hoton gumakan dutse guda bakwai na maza, suna tsaye.]] Kudu da ambaliyar Nilu ta biyu akwai [[Nubia]], inda al’ummomi suka zauna a bakin Nilu (yanzu Sudan) tun ƙarshen lokacin danshi na Afirka.<ref name=Kerma/>{{efn|Wasu masana sun sanya iyakar arewacin Nubia a Ambaliya ta Farko;{{harvnb|Appiah|Gates|2005|pp=1447}} wasu kuma a Ambaliya ta Biyu.{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=93}}}} Waɗannan al’ummomin Nubiya sun bunƙasa tare da wayewar Masar a arewa, amma ba su yi hulɗa sosai ba har sai lokacin [[Old Kingdom of Egypt]] kusan 3,000 K.Z.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Culture of the Nile"}}</ref> Wayewar farko ta Nubia ita ce [[Kerma culture]], daga kusan 2600 K.Z. zuwa 1500 K.Z. Kerma ta fara da kiwon shanu, amma daga baya ta koma noma yayin da Saharar ta bushe.<ref name=Kerma>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=92–95}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Culture of the Nile", "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River"}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=39-42}}. }}</ref> Kusan 780 K.Z., [[Kushite Empire]] ta taso a bakin Nilu, ta mamaye yawancin Masar ƙarƙashin [[Black Pharaoh]]s.<ref name=Kushite>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=92–95}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=60}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=107-115}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "History of the Nile", "History of Egypt: Ancient", "History of Sudan: Ancient Kush and Nubia", "Atbara River", "Meroe"}}. }}</ref> Bayan zuwan Kiristanci, masarautun Kirista a Nubia (ciki har da [[Nobatia]], [[Makuria]], da [[Alodia]]) sun bunƙasa a bakin Nilu.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "History of Sudan: Arrival of Christianity and Islam"}}</ref> A yankin [[Eritrea]] da arewacin [[Ethiopia]], [[Kingdom of Aksum]] ta bunƙasa daga ƙarni na 1 zuwa 960 Z.Z. Aksum ta fi amfani da Tekun Ja wajen sufuri, amma kogunan Atbarah da Blue Nile suna cikin mulkinsa.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Ethiopia (Abyssinia)"}}</ref> [[Funj Sultanate]] (1504–1821) ta yi mulki a yankin Sudan na zamani.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=102}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Blue Nile River", "History of Sudan: Arrival of Christianity and Islam", "History of Sudan: Modern Period"}}. }}</ref> [[Ethiopian Empire]] (1270–1974) ta mamaye yankin Habasha da Eritrea.<ref>{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Ethiopia (Abyssinia)"}}</ref> Kogin Nilu ya kasance gida ga [[Nilotic peoples]], manyan al’ummomi da suka samo asali a Sudan ta Kudu, suka yi hijira zuwa Uganda da Kenya.<ref>{{harvnb|Stokes|2009|pp=499-500|loc=Article: "Nilotes"}}</ref> Nilotic sun haɗa da [[Dinka people|Dinka]] da [[Nuer people|Nuer]], manyan kabilu a Sudan ta Kudu; dukkansu makiyaya ne masu yin hijira bisa yanayin ambaliyar Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=138–144}}. |{{harvnb|Collins|2002|pp=70-77}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Articles: "Sudd", "Dinka", "Nuer"}} }}</ref> ===Masar daga zamanin Roma zuwa mulkin mallaka=== [[File:Mahmoudiyah Canal.jpg|thumb|An gina Mahmoudiyah Canal ta hannun Muhammad Ali na Masar (mai mulki daga 1805 zuwa 1848) don tallafawa ban ruwa da sufuri.<ref name=ali/>|alt=Hoton kogi, da bishiyoyi a bakin biyu, da jirgin ruwa a gefe.]] Kogin Nilu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasar Daular Roma, wadda ta yi mulkin Masar tsawon ƙarni da dama. Romawa sun shigo da hatsi mai yawa daga Masar, wanda aka noma da ruwan ambaliyar Nilu.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=19-20}}</ref> A ƙarni na farko, sarkin Trajan ya gina wani canal da ya haɗa Nilu da Tekun Ja.<ref>{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=50}}</ref> Tsakanin 945 da 977 Z.Z., ambaliyar Nilu ta yi ƙasa sosai; hakan ya jawo gazawar amfanin gona da rikice-rikicen siyasa wanda ya haifar da Fatimid Caliphate.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=21}}</ref>{{efn|Kusan 642 Z.Z., mayaƙan Larabawa sun kawo addinin Musulunci zuwa Masar, suka maye gurbin addinin Masar na dā.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=21}}</ref>}} Canals a Masar sun ci gaba da gina su da gyara su ta hannun Fatimiyawa (ƙarni na 10–11), Mamluk Sultanate (ƙarni na 13–16), da Ottoman Egypt (ƙarni na 16–19).<ref>{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=50-52}}</ref> Duk da ƙwarewar Masarawa wajen gina canals, ba su yi nasarar gina manyan dam ba sai ƙarni na 19, lokacin da auduga — da aka shayar da ruwan Nilu — ta zama muhimmin amfanin kasuwanci.<ref name=ali>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=52}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=15}}. }}</ref> Waɗannan dam ɗin farko an gina su a lokacin mulkin Muhammad Ali na Masar. An fara gina ƙananan dam a Delta da kusa da Cairo, domin tsawaita lokacin girma. Ali ya kuma gina canals ciki har da Mahmoudiyah Canal, wanda aka fara a 1818.<ref name=ali/> Ismail Pasha (Viceroy na Masar, 1863–1879) ya gina Ibrahimiya Canal — an kammala a 1873 — wanda yake tafiya a layi da Nilu kuma ana amfani da shi wajen ban ruwa.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Beaumont|1993|p=249}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc=Article: "Khedive Isma'il 1830-1895"}}. }}</ref> ===Binciken asalin Nilu=== [[File:Abyssinia 1619 map by Jodocus Hondius.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|alt=Tsohon taswirar Afirka ta tsakiya. Taswirar ta nuna garuruwa da koguna da dama, tare da kuskuren ilimin ƙasa.|Taswirar Turawa ta ƙarni na 17 na Afirka ta tsakiya. Nilu an rubuta shi ''Nilus fl.''. Yawancin abubuwan taswirar suna da kuskure ko almara.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=177-179}}</ref>]] Tun daga zamanin Helenawa, Turawa sun yi sha’awar gano asalin Nilu da ambaliyarsa.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=2}}</ref> Herodotus ya ziyarci Masar a 457 K.Z. ya yi tafiya har zuwa Aswan; ya yi mamakin ambaliyar Nilu da ke farawa a lokacin bazara — lokacin da ba a samun ruwan sama a Masar.<ref>{{harvnb|Williams|2009|p=70}}</ref> Masana ilimin ƙasa daga Turai, Afirka, da Larabawa tun daga Eratosthenes ƙarni na 2 K.Z. sun yi hasashen cewa asalin Nilu daga manyan tafkuna a Afirka ta tsakiya.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=177-179}}</ref> Duk da haka, har zuwa ƙarni na 17, taswirar da aka yi ba ta da tushe na kimiyya. Asalin Blue Nile an gano shi ta hannun mishan Pedro Páez wanda ya ziyarci Gish Abay a farkon ƙarni na 17, ya rubuta littafin ''História da Ethiópia''. Daga baya Jerónimo Lobo da James Bruce sun yada labarinsa, suna hasashen ya ziyarci wurin tsakanin 1613–1618.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=324}}</ref> Asalin White Nile ya fi wahala a gano. Tafkin Victoria ba a tabbatar da shi a matsayin babban asalin White Nile ba sai bayan shekaru 260 da aka gano Blue Nile.<ref>{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=174–175}}</ref> A 1858, John Hanning Speke ya fara ganin Tafkin Victoria, daga baya ya gano wani kogi da ke fita daga arewacin tafkin, ya ce shi ne Nilu.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2002|p=36}}</ref> Amma bai bi kogin har zuwa Sudan ba, hakan ya sa wasu suka yi shakku. A farkon ƙarni na 20, Richard Kandt ya ce asalin White Nile daga wani reshen Kagera River a Nyungwe Forest.<ref name=SourceCite/> A 1969, masu bincike daga Waseda University sun gano wani reshe na Kagera. A 2006, masu yawon buɗe ido sun sake gano wurin, suka sanya alama a jikin itace. A 2009, masana sun yi amfani da hoton tauraron dan adam don ƙara tabbatar da wurin, suka gano tushen a wani rijiya kusa da wurin da aka gano a baya.<ref name=SourceCite/> == Siyasar ruwa a zamanin zamani== Kogin Nilu yana ketare iyakokin ƙasashe da dama, yana mai da shi kogi na ƙasashe da dama kuma ya zama abin rikici na siyasa.{{sfn|Allan|2009|pp=749-751}} ===Zamanin mulkin mallaka=== Bayan mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya a Masar ya fara a 1882,{{efn|Turawan Yamma sun raba Afirka a wani tsari da ake kira Scramble for Africa, wanda aka tabbatar a taron Berlin na 1885. Bisa wannan yarjejeniya, Birtaniya ta samu mafi yawan kwarin Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=176–177,317}}. |{{harvnb|Shoup|2017|loc= Article: "Geography of the Nile"}}. }}</ref> }} suka fara ƙarin ayyukan ruwa don ƙarfafa samar da auduga da tallafawa yawan jama’ar Masar da ke ƙaruwa da sauri.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=15}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=59–64}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=52}}. }}</ref>{{efn|name=EgyptIndep}} Babban dam na farko da aka gina a kan Nilu shi ne Aswan Low Dam, an kammala shi a 1902. An ƙara tsayinsa sau biyu: a 1912 da 1933.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=15}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=62–63}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. }}</ref> Wasu dam da aka gina a lokacin mulkin mallaka sun haɗa da Sennar Dam (1914–1925) a kan Blue Nile a Sudan, da Jebel Aulia Dam, wanda aka kammala a 1937 kusa da Khartoum.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=22}} Babban manufar dam ɗin da aka gina a ƙarni na 20 ita ce tallafawa ban ruwa; samar da wutar lantarki ta hydropower ba ta da muhimmanci sosai.{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=17}} A 1929, an cimma yarjejeniya tsakanin Masar da Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=63–64}}. |{{harvnb|Roach|2025|p=5}}. }}</ref> Yarjejeniyar ta tanadi cewa Masar da Sudan za su yi amfani da biliyan 48 da biliyan 4 na ruwan Nilu a kowace shekara, bi da bi. Masar ta tanadi ikon sa ido kan ruwan Nilu a ƙasashen sama, ta gudanar da ayyukan da suka shafi kogi ba tare da amincewar ƙasashen sama ba, kuma ta yi veto kan duk wani gini da zai iya cutar da Masar.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|p=22}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=63–64}}. |{{harvnb|Roach|2025|p=5}}. }}</ref> ===Bayan mulkin mallaka=== File:Großer Tempel (Abu Simbel) 31.jpg|thumb|An ɗaga haikalin Abu Simbel zuwa sama lokacin da aka gina Aswan High Dam wanda ya nutse wurin da suka kasance a dā.{{sfn|Fleming|Lothian|1997|pp=135-136}} |alt=Babban sassaka na dutse na sarakuna huɗu suna zaune a kujeru.] Masar da Sudan sun samu ‘yancin kai daga Birtaniya a tsakiyar shekarun 1950s.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|pp=22-23}}{{efn|name=EgyptIndep|Masar ta samu ‘yancin kai na zahiri a 1922, amma Birtaniya ta ci gaba da iko da harkokin waje kuma ta ajiye sojoji kusa da Suez Canal. Cikakken ‘yanci ya samu a 1957 bayan rikicin Suez.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=63-68}}}} A 1959 Masar da Sudan suka sabunta yarjejeniyar raba ruwa ta 1929. Sabuwar yarjejeniyar ta raba ruwa tsakanin Masar da Sudan da biliyan 55.5 da biliyan 18.5, bi da bi.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=122–123}}. |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|pp=22–24}}. }}</ref> Ƙasashen sama a cikin kwarin Nilu ba su shiga yarjejeniyar ta 1959 ba — ciki har da Habasha, wadda ke samar da fiye da rabin ruwan Nilu.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=24}} Yarjejeniyar ta 1959 ta ba da damar gina dam, wanda aka yi: Masar ta gina Aswan High Dam (an kammala 1970); Sudan ta gina Khashm el-Girba Dam (1964), Roseires Dam (1966), Merowe Dam (2009), da Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex (2017).{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=24}}{{efn|Yarjejeniyar ta 1959 ta kuma tanadi diyya daga Masar zuwa Sudan saboda korar Nubians daga wuraren su na asali sakamakon tafkin da Aswan High Dam ya haifar.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|pp=22-24}}}} A 1960, Masar ta fara gina Aswan High Dam wanda ke adana kusan ruwan Nilu na shekaru biyu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|pp=15–16}}. |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|p=125}}. |{{harvnb|Hurst|2025}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|p=52}}. }}</ref> Dam ɗin ya mai da sashen Nilu daga dam zuwa teku a matsayin babban canal na ban ruwa.{{sfn|Dumont|2009|p=16}} Dam ɗin ya kawo fa’ida: ƙarin ruwa don ban ruwa, da wutar lantarki don masana’antu. Amma ya kawo illa: ingancin ruwa ya ragu, ƙasar ta rasa albarkar laka, ƙasar ta ƙara gishiri, cutar schistosomiasis, asarar muhalli, da korar Nubians.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|El-Shabrawy|2009|pp=148–151}}. |{{harvnb|Talling|2009|p=29}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=132–133}}. |{{harvnb|Bunbury|2023|pp=46,53,69}}. }}</ref> === Rikice-rikice da tattaunawa na ƙarshen ƙarni na 20 === A duk ƙarni na 20, akwai babban bambanci a ƙarfin siyasa a cikin kwarin Nilu: Masar da Sudan a arewa sun fi ƙarfi fiye da sauran ƙasashe goma a kudu.<ref name=powerShift/> Bayan Masar da Sudan suka ƙirƙiri yarjejeniyar 1959, wasu daga cikin ƙasashen sama (ciki har da Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, da Habasha) suka fara bayyana adawa da sharuɗɗan yarjejeniyar, suna cewa ba su da alhakin bin ta saboda ba su shiga ba.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|pp=24-25}} Ƙasashen sama sun yi hujja cewa dam ɗin da Masar da Sudan suka gina sun kare waɗannan ƙasashe daga fari, yunwa, da ambaliya, amma ƙasashen sama kamar Habasha har yanzu suna fuskantar fari da yunwa.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=71, 339-344}} Misali, Aswan High Dam ya samar da kusan biliyan 10 na kilowatt-hours a kowace shekara; kuma ya ba manoma na Masar damar yin girbi sau uku a shekara, maimakon sau ɗaya kafin dam.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|p=70}} Shugabannin Masar sau da yawa sun bayyana cewa za su iya amfani da ƙarfin soja don kare haƙƙoƙinsu bisa yarjejeniyar 1959.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|pp=24–25}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=82}}. }}</ref> A ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, ƙasashen Afirka sun shiga ƙoƙari da dama don kafa manufofin rabon ruwa — ciki har da Undugu Commission (1983–1993) da TECCONILE (1993–1998) — amma ba su yi nasara wajen ƙirƙirar yarjejeniyoyi na dogon lokaci ba.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|pp=26-27}} A 1999, ƙasashe tara daga cikin goma na kwarin Nilu — Burundi, Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo, Masar, Habasha, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania da Uganda — suka kafa Nile Basin Initiative don inganta tattaunawa cikin lumana kan batutuwan da suka shafi kwarin Nilu.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|"The Nile Basin Trust Fund", ''World Bank Group''}}. |{{harvnb|Dumont|2009|p=16}}. }}</ref> === Sauyin ƙarfi zuwa ƙasashen sama === File:GERD 3.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, an kammala a 2025, yana samar da fiye da gigawatts 5.{{sfn|Endeshaw|2025}}|alt=Hoton babban dam na kankare da tafkin da ya haifar, daga sama.] A farkon ƙarni na 21, ƙarfi ya koma ga ƙasashen sama yayin da suka fara gina dam ba tare da amincewar Masar ko Sudan ba.<ref name=powerShift>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|pp=20–21,25,32–33}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|pp=336–337, 341–342}}. |{{harvnb|Allan|2009|pp=760–768}}. }} </ref> A 2008, Habasha ta gina Tekezé Dam ba tare da neman izini daga Masar ko Sudan ba.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=336-337}} A 2010, ƙasashe biyar na sama — Uganda, Habasha, Rwanda, Tanzania, da Kenya — suka rattaba hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniya, Cooperative Framework Agreement, wadda ta nufi raba ruwan cikin adalci ga ƙasashen sama. Kenya ta rattaba hannu saboda tana da shirin fitar da ruwa daga Tafkin Victoria don ban ruwa. Masar da Sudan sun yi adawa da yarjejeniyar.{{sfn|Tvedt|2021|pp=244–245}}{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|pp=25–26}}{{sfn|Roussi|2020}}{{sfn|Bunbury|2023|p=70}} A 2011, Sudan ta Kudu ta samu ‘yancin kai daga Sudan, ta zama ƙasa ta goma sha ɗaya a kwarin Nilu. A rikice-rikicen ruwa na gaba, Sudan ta Kudu ta yi kawance da ƙasashen sama maimakon Sudan.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=18}} A 2011, Habasha ta sanar da shirin gina babban dam a kan Blue Nile kusa da iyakar Sudan. Dam ɗin daga baya aka sanya masa suna Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD).{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=27}} Habasha ta ɗauki GERD a matsayin muhimmin ginshiƙi na makomar ƙasar, saboda wutar lantarki da dam ɗin zai samar za ta inganta rayuwar jama’a. Masar ta damu cewa dam ɗin zai rage ruwan ban ruwa saboda tana amfani da kusan duk ruwan da ke shiga ƙasar, kuma ta yi fargabar zai haifar da ƙarancin ruwa. Sudan ta damu da tsaro da samar da ruwa.<ref>{{Multiref |{{harvnb|Ranjan|2024|p=30}}. |{{harvnb|Tvedt|2021|p=316}}. }}</ref> Bayan sanarwar dam ɗin, shugaban Masar Mohamed Morsi ya yi nuni da yiwuwar kai hare-haren soja kan Habasha,{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=27}} kuma Sudan da Masar suka gudanar da atisayen soja tare.{{sfn|İlkbahar|Mercan|2023|pp=1165-1166}} An gudanar da tattaunawa da dama tsakanin Habasha, Sudan, da Masar yayin da ake gina dam ɗin da kuma lokacin da ake cika tafkin.{{sfn|Roach|2025|pp=1-2}} A 2015 ƙasashen suka rattaba hannu kan "Declaration of Principles" wanda ya ƙunshi yarjejeniyoyi na manyan manufofi kan amfani da ruwa da hanyoyin cika tafkin.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=28}} A 2019, Amurka ta jagoranci tattaunawa tsakanin ƙasashen.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|p=28}} A 2020, African Union ta fara jagorantar tattaunawa.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|pp=29-31}} A wannan shekarar, Masar ta nemi Majalisar Tsaron Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta shiga, amma ta ƙi.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|pp=30-32}} A 2021 da 2022, UAE ta jagoranci tattaunawa.{{sfn|Ranjan|2024|pp=30,33}} Gina dam ɗin GERD ya kammala a 2020, kuma a 2025 tafkin ya cika kuma yawancin injinan dam ɗin suna samar da wutar lantarki.{{sfn|Mureithi|2025}} == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} k79egjw956whnwhbrvgjqc1waop742s 0 7455 843106 441980 2026-05-30T06:31:01Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843106 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Makurdi''' birni ne, da ke a [[Benue (jiha)|jihar Benue]], a ƙasar [[Nijeriya]]. Shi ne babban birnin jihar Benue. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2007, akwai jimilar mutane 500,797 (dubu dari biyar da dari bakwai da tisa'in da bakwai). == Yawan Jama'a == Manyan ƙabilun da ke yankin sun haɗa da [[Tiv]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bergsma|first=Harold M.|date=November 2015|title=PROLOGUE: HISTORY OF THE TIV|journal=Africa |volume=85 |issue=4 |pages=611–627 |doi=10.1017/S0001972015000613 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/africa/article/prologue-history-of-the-tiv/DD0357DB2B8E7BBFC5B3DDF81819F8A2/core-reader|access-date=November 1, 2020}}</ref> Idoma, [[Hausa]], [[Igede]], [[Jukunawa|Jukun]], [[Agatu]], Etulo, Alago da [[Igbo]]. {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Makurdi}} [[Category:Biranen Najeriya]] [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] bd7gmje31zkkeykunaiw5ecgxzoaefk 843108 843106 2026-05-30T06:31:31Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 /* Manazarta */ 843108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Makurdi''' birni ne, da ke a [[Benue (jiha)|jihar Benue]], a ƙasar [[Nijeriya]]. Shi ne babban birnin jihar Benue. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2007, akwai jimilar mutane 500,797 (dubu dari biyar da dari bakwai da tisa'in da bakwai). == Yawan Jama'a == Manyan ƙabilun da ke yankin sun haɗa da [[Tiv]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bergsma|first=Harold M.|date=November 2015|title=PROLOGUE: HISTORY OF THE TIV|journal=Africa |volume=85 |issue=4 |pages=611–627 |doi=10.1017/S0001972015000613 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/africa/article/prologue-history-of-the-tiv/DD0357DB2B8E7BBFC5B3DDF81819F8A2/core-reader|access-date=November 1, 2020}}</ref> Idoma, [[Hausa]], [[Igede]], [[Jukunawa|Jukun]], [[Agatu]], Etulo, Alago da [[Igbo]]. {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Makurdi}} [[Category:Biranen Najeriya]] [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] dkg6a45eh9o05221rnwq0fo9948ndna 0 8456 842885 841845 2026-05-29T23:22:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842885 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Monrovia''' {{Efn|{{IPAc-en|m|ə|n|ˈ|r|oʊ|v|i|ə|audio=en-us-Monrovia.oga}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Monrovia |title=Definition of Monrovia |publisher=The Free Dictionary |access-date=2014-01-05 }} {{IPAc-en|m|ə|n|ˈ|r|oʊ|v|i|ə|,_|m|ɒ|n|ˈ|r|oʊ|v|i|ə}})</ref><ref>{{cite dictionary |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Monrovia |title=Define Monrovia|dictionary=Dictionary.com |access-date=2014-01-05}} {{IPAc-en|m|ə|n|ˈ|r|oʊ|v|i|ə}}</ref>}} ita ce [[Babban birni|babban]] birni kuma birni mafi girma a [[Laberiya]], wacce ke bakin tekun Atlantika a Cape Mesurado a gundumar Montserrado . Tana aiki a matsayin cibiyar siyasa, gudanarwa, tattalin arziki, da al'adu ta ƙasar. A cewar ƙidayar jama'a ta 2022, birnin yana da yawan jama'a kusan miliyan 1.76, yayin da babban yankin birni ya wuce mutane miliyan 2.2, wanda ya kai kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na jimillar yawan jama'ar Laberiya kuma yana wakiltar yankin da ya fi yawan jama'a a ƙasar. An kafa birnin a shekarar 1822 ta [[Ƙungiyar Mulkin Mallaka ta Amurka|ƙungiyar Turawan Mulkin Mallaka ta Amurka]] a matsayin matsuguni ga 'yan Afirka 'yan asalin ƙasar da suka riga suka zama bayi kuma aka sanya musu suna bayan [[James Monroe]], shugaban ƙasar Amurka na biyar. Monrovia ta zama babban birnin [[Laberiya|Jamhuriyar Laberiya]] bayan ayyana 'yancin kai na ƙasar a shekarar 1847. Matsugunin farko ya ta'allaka ne a Tsibirin Providence kafin faɗaɗa zuwa babban yankin ƙasar, kuma birnin ya ci gaba da zama babban cibiyar ikon siyasa da gudanarwa a ƙarni na 19 da 20. Monrovia tana karɓar bakuncin gwamnatin ƙasa ta Laberiya, manyan cibiyoyin gwamnati, ofisoshin diflomasiyya na ƙasashen waje, da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Freeport ta Monrovia ita ce babbar tashar jiragen ruwa ta ƙasar kuma muhimmin ɓangare na tattalin arzikinta. Ayyukan tattalin arziki sun haɗa da ayyukan tashar jiragen ruwa, masana'antu, ayyuka, da kuma babban ɓangaren da ba na yau da kullun ba. Birnin kuma yana aiki a matsayin babban cibiyar ilimi, kafofin watsa labarai, da rayuwar al'adu ta Laberiya. Monrovia ta fuskanci ƙaruwar yawan jama'a cikin sauri a lokacin yaƙin basasar Liberia (1989-2003), wanda galibi ya samo asali ne daga ƙaura daga yankunan karkara. Rikicin ya haifar da lalacewar kayayyakin more rayuwa da ayyukan jama'a. Tun bayan ƙarshen yaƙe-yaƙe, birnin ya fuskanci sake ginawa a hankali da kuma ci gaba da faɗaɗa birane, yayin da yake fuskantar ƙalubale da suka shafi gidaje, tsafta, sufuri, da rashin daidaito a fannin tattalin arziki. == Asalin Ma'anar == An sanya wa Monrovia suna ne don girmama Shugaban Amurka [[James Monroe]], fitaccen mai goyon bayan mulkin mallaka na Laberiya da kuma [[Ƙungiyar Mulkin Mallaka ta Amurka]] (ACS). Tare da [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]], tana ɗaya daga cikin [[Babban birni|manyan biranen]] duniya guda biyu da aka sanya wa suna bayan shugaban Amurka. Sunan Monrovia na asali shine ''Christopolis'' har zuwa 1824, shekaru biyu kacal bayan kafa birnin. Karin kalmar "-via" ta fito ne daga allahn [[Harsunan Edoid|Edoidi-]] [[Mutanen Edo|Benin]] na Yammacin Afirka Ovia wanda ke jagorantar zaman lafiya da wadata, ko kuma wata mace ta tatsuniyar Ovia ta kabilar Uhen, wacce ta shahara da kyawunta mai girma, ƙa'idodi marasa canzawa, da kuma auren Sarkin [[Masarautar Oyo|Daular Oyo]] . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Monrovia01.jpg|thumb|Monrovia a ƙarni na 19.]] Kafin shekarar 1816, yankin da ke kewaye da Cape Mesurado da bakin [[Kogin Mesurado]] ana kiransa Ducor. An daɗe ana kafa shi a matsayin mahadar hanya da kuma wurin kasuwanci wanda al'ummomin kamun kifi, ciniki da noma na ƙabilu daban-daban ke zaune, ciki har da [[Harshen Dewoin|Dey]], Kru, [[Mutanen Bassa(Laberiya)|Bassa]], Gola, da Vai . Mai zane-zanen zane-zane na Faransa kuma mai cinikin bayi Chevalier des Marchais ya ziyarci Ducor da Cape a shekarar 1723, ya gudanar da kasuwanci a can kuma daga baya ya buga taswirar yankin. A shekarar 1821, da nufin kafa wani yanki mai wadatar kai ga mutanen da ba su da launin fata daga Amurka, wani abu da aka riga aka cimma tare da Baƙar fata 'Yan Burtaniya a [[Freetown]], rukunin farko na 'yan [[Afirkawan Amurka|Afirka-Amurka]] sun isa Yammacin Afirka daga Amurka a ƙarƙashin jagorancin [[Ƙungiyar Mulkin Mallaka ta Amurka]] tare da goyon bayan gwamnatin Amurka. <ref name="WDL">{{Cite web |year=1830 |title=Map of Liberia, West Africa |url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/446/ |access-date=2 June 2013 |website=[[World Digital Library]] |archive-date=18 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518201022/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/446/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sun sauka a Tsibirin Sherbro, wani ɓangare na [[Saliyo]] ta zamani. A ranar 7 ga Janairu 1822, wani jirgin ruwa ya kai waɗannan mazauna zuwa Tsibirin Dazoe (wanda yanzu ake kira Tsibirin Providence) a bakin Kogin Mesurado. Daga baya suka sauka a gabar tekun Cape Mesurado, suka kafa wani matsuguni da suka kira ''Christopolis'' . [[Fayil:Monrovia_Bay.jpg|thumb|Tekun Atlantika kamar yadda aka gani daga Monrovia.]] Monrovia tana kan yankin Cape Mesurado, tsakanin Tekun Atlantika da [[Kogin Mesurado]], wanda bakinsa ya samar da babban tashar jiragen ruwa ta halitta. Sojojin Amurka sun faɗaɗa tashar jiragen ruwan sosai a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . Kogin Saint Paul yana arewacin birnin kai tsaye kuma yana da iyaka ta arewa ta Tsibirin Bushrod, wanda ake isa ta hanyar ketare "Sabuwar Gada" daga tsakiyar birnin Monrovia. Monrovia tana cikin gundumar Montserrado kuma ita ce birni mafi girma a Laberiya a matsayin cibiyar gudanarwa, kasuwanci da kuɗi. <ref name="housing">{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=Liberia Housing Profile |url=http://www.iut.nu/Facts%20and%20figures/Africa/Liberia_HousingSectorProfile.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017042216/http://www.iut.nu/Facts%20and%20figures/Africa/Liberia_HousingSectorProfile.pdf |archive-date=17 October 2017 |access-date=16 October 2017 |publisher=[[United Nations Human Settlements Programme]] |pages=14–15, 23}}</ref> === Yanayi === An rarraba yanayin Monrovia a matsayin yanayi mai zafi na damina ( ''Am'' ) a cikin [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|rarrabuwar yanayi ta Köppen]] . <ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{Cite web |title=Climate: Monrovia - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table |url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/506/ |access-date=5 January 2014 |publisher=Climate-Data.org}}</ref> Ita ce babban birnin da ya fi danshi a duniya, inda ruwan sama na shekara-shekara ke kaiwa matsakaicin {{Convert|182|in}} . Yana da lokacin damina da lokacin bushewa amma yana samun ruwan sama ko da a lokacin rani. Yanayin zafi yana da daidaito a duk shekara, matsakaicinsa kusan {{Convert|79.5|F}} . Ƙananan bambance-bambancen kawai suna cikin yanayin zafi mai yawa, wanda yake kusa da {{Convert|81|F}} a lokacin hunturu kuma kusan {{Convert|90|F}} a lokacin rani. Yawancin lokaci, zafi yana tsakanin {{Convert|72|and|75|F}} duk shekara. == Mutane masu shahara == * Mary Antoinette Brown-Sherman (1926–2004), malamar Liberia kuma mace ta farko da ta zama shugabar Jami'ar Liberia * Prince Johnson, ɗan siyasan Liberia * Clarence Kparghai, ɗan wasan hockey na kankara na ƙasar Switzerland * Janjay Lowe, wanda aka fi sani da Mon Rovîa, mawaki kuma mawaƙiya 'yar Afro-Appalachian daga Liberia * Sio Moore, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka * Darlington Nagbe, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka * Aloysius Wleh Penie, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasar Liberia * Massimo Pigliucci (an haife shi a shekarar 1964), masanin ilimin halittu da juyin halitta * [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]], tsohuwar shugabar Liberia * Takun J, mawakin Liberia * Charles Taylor, tsohon shugaban Liberia * Benoni Urey, ɗan kasuwan Liberia * [[Gorge weah|George Weah]], tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Liberia * Ashton Youboty, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka * Gus Edwards, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka == Tattalin Arziki == [[Fayil:Market_stall_@_Monrovia,_Liberia_-_panoramio.jpg|thumb|Shagon sayar da kaya a tsakiyar Monrovia]] Tattalin arzikin Monrovia ya mamaye ta hanyar faɗaɗa tashar jiragen ruwanta - Freeport of Monrovia - kuma a matsayin wurin da ofisoshin gwamnatin Laberiya ke. Manyan kayayyakin da birnin ke fitarwa sun haɗa da latex da ma'adinan ƙarfe, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Foreign Relations of the United States: Agreement between the United States and Liberia regarding the construction of a port and port works, signed at Monrovia, December 31, 1943 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1943v04/ch42 |access-date=2026-01-27 |website=Office of the Historian, U.S. Department of State}}</ref> kuma kamun kifi yana ba da muhimmiyar gudummawa ga tattalin arziki, kodayake kamun kifi ba shi da aminci kuma kiyasin gida ya nuna cewa har zuwa kwanan nan mutane biyar suna mutuwa a kowane wata a bakin teku. == Sufuri == [[Fayil:Robert_International_Airport,_Margibi_County,_Liberia.jpg|thumb|Tashar Filin [[Filin jirgin saman Monrovia|Jirgin Sama ta Duniya ta Roberts]]]] Jiragen ruwa suna haɗa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Freeport ta Monrovia da ke birnin, tashar jiragen ruwa mafi cunkoso a ƙasar, da Greenville da Harper . Filin jirgin sama mafi kusa shine Filin jirgin saman Spriggs Payne, wanda ke ƙasa da mil huɗu ( {{Convert|4|mi}} ) daga tsakiyar birnin. [[Filin jirgin saman Monrovia|Filin jirgin saman Roberts International]], babban filin jirgin saman duniya a Laberiya, yana da {{Convert|37|mi|0}} nesa da [[Harbel]] . <ref name="wapost" /> Monrovia tana da alaƙa da sauran ƙasar ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta hanyoyi da layin dogo. An lissafa Monrovia a matsayin tashar jiragen ruwa ta gida tsakanin kashi goma zuwa goma sha biyar na jigilar kayayyaki na 'yan kasuwa a duniya, waɗanda aka yi rijista a Laberiya a ƙarƙashin shirin Tutar Sauƙi . Tasi da ƙananan motoci masu zaman kansu suna aiki a cikin birnin, kuma ana ƙara musu manyan motocin bas waɗanda Hukumar Sufuri ta Monrovia ke gudanarwa. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Articles with hAudio microformats]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] b8t1zg2and0ljubt1tzq3jcqum0midb 0 8686 842678 821101 2026-05-29T18:41:45Z Adamu Sani Muhammad 20906 842678 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Masarautar Zazzau 08.jpg|thumb|Sarkin Zazzau Na 18]] [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 09.jpg|thumb|masarautar Zazzau 09]] [[Fayil:Masarautar Zazzau 07.jpg|thumb]] '''Shehu Idris''' (An haife shi a shekarar 1936 ya rasu a shekarar ta 2020), ya kasance shine [[Sarki]]n [[Zazzau]] na goma sha takwas 18 a jerin sarakunan [[Zaria|Zariya]] dake [[Jihar Kaduna]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-21 |title=Buhari, N-Govs, others mourn as Emir of Zazzau, Shehu Idris dies at 84 |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/09/buhari-n-govs-others-mourn-as-emir-of-zazzau-shehu-idris-dies-at-84/ |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> a sarakunan Fulani a karkashin Daular usmanniya ta [[Musulunci]] [[Sokoto]] [[Najeriya]].<ref name="breaking"/> Shehu idris shine da na biyar a wajen mahaifiyarsa kuma da na shida a cikin maza a wajen mahaifinsa. Shehu Idiris ya kasance shine mafi tsawon mulki a tarihin masarautar ƙasar Zazzau, ya kwashe tsawon shekaru arba'in da biyar 45 a sarautarm akan karagar mulkin zazzau Ya hau karagar mulki tun a ranar takwas ga watan Fabrairu shekarar alif 1975 biyo bayan rasuwar Sarkin Zazzau na goma sha bakwai Muhammadu Aminu a sannan Idris yana da shekaru talatin da tara 39 a rayuwarsa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/168711-zazzau-emirate-council-member-shot-dead-in-kaduna.html|title=Zazzau Emirate Council Member shot dead in Kaduna|work= Premium|accessdate=10 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|title=I Owe Long Life, Peaceful Coexistence To Almighty Allah – Shehu Idris|work=Leadership Newspaper|accessdate=10 November 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909064309/http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|archivedate=9 September 2015}}</ref> Mahaifinsa shine Malam Idris Auta, mahaifiyarsa kuma itace Hajiya Aminatu Idris.<ref>https://dailytrust.com/history-beckons-as-emir-of-zazzau-marks-45th-anniversary{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. == Farkon Rayuwa == Tarihin mai martaba sarkin [[zazzau]] Alhaji Shehu Idris ya fara ne daga Ranar 20 ga watan Fabrairu a shekara ta alif 1936, wanda shine asalin ranar da aka haifawa malam Idiris Autan Sambo da malama Aminatu matarsa ta uku (mahaifan shehu Idris). Bayan sati daya da haihuwarsa an sanya ma yaron suna SHEHU USMAN kamar yadda addini da al’ada suka tanadar. An haifi Idris daga gidan malam Idiris Auta wanda akafi sani da Auta Sambo tare da matarsa Hajiya Aminatu.<ref>{{cite web|title=Emir Shehu Idris of Zazzau: Exit of a gentleman peacemaker|url=https://www.pressreader.com/nigeria/daily-trust/20200921/281565178190492|website=www.pressreader.com|accessdate=21 September 2020}}</ref><ref name="Adamu">{{cite web|url=http://www.kabidonews.com/hh-alhaji-dr-shehu-idris-the-fragrance-always-stays-in-the-hands-that-gives-the-rose/|title=HH Alhaji Shehi Idris|last1=Marshal|first1=Adamu|last2=|first2=|date=14 January 2015|website=Kabidonews.com|publisher=|access-date=30 April 2016|quote=|archive-date=7 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507115422/http://www.kabidonews.com/hh-alhaji-dr-shehu-idris-the-fragrance-always-stays-in-the-hands-that-gives-the-rose/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Karatu == Shehu ya fara karatu yana ɗan shekara biyar. A wannan shekarun ba’a aika shi makarantar nursery ko firamari ba sai dai an tura shi makarantar islamiyya inda ya koyo karatun Al-Qur’ani kamar yadda [[addini]] ya tanadar. Shehu ya kasance dalibi mafi kwazo a lokacin da yake zuwa makarantar Allo, saboda baya taba yin fashin ajin safe ko na yamma ba tare da wani dalili mai ƙarfi ba. Ranaku biyar ne ake zuwa Makarantar a sati watau daga Asabar zuwa laraba ƙarfe 7:30 zuwa 11:30 da safe, sai kuma 2:30 zuwa 6:00 da yamma.<ref name=":1">Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris,the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 60-63 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> A lokacin da ya kai shekara 11 an sanyashi makarantar zamani a nan garin Zariya  a shekarar 1947. Duk da yana zuwa makarantar boko domin neman ilimin zamani, hakan bai hana shi cigaba da karatunsa na addini ba.<ref name=":1" />. [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 01.jpg|thumb|261x261px]] == Sarauta == Shehu Idris ya zama Sarki ne sanda Jihar take a matsayin Jihar Arewa ta Tsakiya a shekara ta 1975. A shekarar mai zuwa, Janar [[Murtala Mohammed]] lokacin yana Shugaban ƙasa ya canja mata suna zuwa [[Jihar Kaduna]]. Bayan an kwashe shekaru goma sha ɗaya, sai Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida]] ya raba jihar zuwa gida biyu [[Katsina]] da [[Jihar Kaduna]] a shekara ta 1987. Inda rabewar ya haifar da natsuwa akan tashin hankalin dake faruwa tsakanin Masarautar Katsina da ta Zazzau a sanda suke jiha ɗaya. Amma duk da wancan rabewar kuma, sai aka sake samo wata sabuwar rabuwa tsakanin mutanen dake rayuwa a kudancin Kaduna da Arewacin Kaduna.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/168711-zazzau-emirate-council-member-shot-dead-in-kaduna.html|title=Zazzau Emirate Council Member shot dead in Kaduna|work=Premium|accessdate=10 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|title=I Owe Long Life, Peaceful Coexistence To Almighty Allah – Shehu Idris|work=Leadership Newspaper|accessdate=10 November 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909064309/http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|archivedate=9 September 2015}}</ref> Idris ya fara karatunsa ne daga samun koyarwa na addini a wurin malamai a Zariya da Kuma cigaba da karatun sa a makarantar Zariya Elementary School.<ref name="newswire">{{cite web|title=The Emir of Zazzau, His royal Highness Alh(Dr) Shehu Idris, is dead|url=https://newswirengr.com/2020/09/20/the-emir-of-zazzau-his-royal-highness-alhdr-shehu-idris-is-dead/|website=NewsWire NGR|accessdate=21 September 2020}}</ref> Yana elementary school dafa a shekarar 1947 zuwa shekara ta 1950, Inda a wannan lokacin ya rasa mahaifinsa yana da shekara 12.<ref name="newswire" /> Idris ya cigaba da karatun alkur’ani da na zamani har yakai ga Zariya Middle School a shekarar 1950 sa'annan ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1955.<ref name="newswire" /> Sannan ya shiga Katsina Training College inda yazama malamin makaranta mai koyarwa.<ref name="Adamu" /> Wanda wannan rabuwa ta haifar da rashin jituwa da dama. Waɗanda suka shahara sune Rikicin Kafanchan a shekarar 1987, Faɗan Zangon Kataf sau biyu a shekarar 1992, faɗan Shari’a a 2000 da kuma faɗan bayan zaɓen shekara ta 2011 da shekara ta 2012. Lokacin sarautar Shehu Idris, yawancin dukkanin yankunan al'umma dake cikin garin Zazzau waɗanda ba Hausawa ba an basu cin gashin kansu kuma suka zama Masarautun kansu. Wannan yakamata ya baƙanta ma Idris rai. Biyo bayan ƙirƙiran wata sabuwar masarauta a 2001, wasu bangaren Musulmai dake Zazzau suma sun nemi a basu cin gashin kansu. Samun kaiwa shekaru 45 a sarauta ba ƙaramin abu bane, Kuma ya zamo mafi tsawon mulki a tarihin sarautar Zazzau. A yan' wannan karnin, an sha samun tsige-tsigen sarakunan gargajiya a masarautun Arewacin Najeriya. Sultan [[Ibrahim Dasuki]] an tsige shi a 1996, sarkin Gwandu Almustapha Jokolo an tsige shi a 2005 da Kuma Sarkin Kano [[Sanusi Lamido Sanusi|Muhammadu Sanusi]] na II shi ma an tsige shi a farkon shekarar 2020. Haka Kuma sarakunan a Muri, Suleja da Agaie. Sai dai Sarkin Zazzau ya kiyaye wa kansa duk wani abunda zai sanya asamu matsala tsakanin shi da wani Shugaba. ==Aiki == Idris nada shekaru 39 ne a sanda ya zama Sarkin Zazzau a watan Fabrairu na shekara ta alif 1975. Gabanin hawan sa sarauta ya kasance hakimi Kuma malamin makaranta. Gwamnan Kaduna na wancan lokacin Birgediya [[Abba Kyari]] shine ya naɗa Shehu Idris a matsayin Sarkin Zazzau na sha takwas a shekara ta alif 1975. [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 06.jpg|thumb|233x233px|Shehu Idris a makarantar sakandiri]] == Dangi == Shehu shine ɗa na biyar a wajen mahaifiyarsa kuma ɗa na shida a cikin maza a wajen mahaifinsa. Shehu ƙarami ya kasance kyauta ne mai matuƙar rahama daga Allah wanda iyayensa suka yiwa Allah godiya akan samunsa da suka yi.<ref name=":0">Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 57-59 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> Shehu Idris ya taso ne a gidan yawa saboda mahaifinsa yana da mata har guda huɗu, kuma gidan ya kasance daga sashin mulkin katsinawa a zazzau. Shehu ya samu tarbiyya kai tsaye daga wajen iyayensa malam Idris Autan Sambo da malama Aminatu tare da taimakon sauran iyayensa mata na gida. Malama Suwaibatu, Malama Zainabu, Malama Raliyatu. Kuma dukkanin su sun karkatu ne akan tarbiyya ta addini da kuma al’adu na ƙwarai. Al’ada ne a ƙasar hausa uwa take ɓoye sunan ɗanta na farko ko na biyu saboda alkunya, amma malama Aminatu ta ɓoye gaba ɗaya sunayen yaranta guda biyar inda kowanne ta bashi laƙabi da take kiransa da shi, ya kasance shehu ya samu suna “Na Allah”. Kuma ta kanyi wasa dashi a matsayin yaronta na biyar.<ref name=":0" /> Shehu ƙarami ya kasance kyauta ne mai matuƙar rahama daga Allah wanda iyayensa suka yiwa [[Allah]] godiya akan samunsa da suka yi.<ref>Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 57-59 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> == Mutuwa == A yanzu bayan rasuwar Alhaji Shehu Idris gasar data daɗe a kwance ta tashi tsakanin a wane gida ne Sabon sarki zai fito, Barebari, [[Mallawa]], [[Sullubawa]] ne ko kuma daga gidan Shehu Idris [[Katsinawa]]. Yarimomi sun daɗe tsawon shekaru arba'in da biyar (45) suna jiran wannan damar. == Hotuna == <gallery> File:Masarautar Zazzau 09.jpg|Shehu Idris a Makarantar Jami'a dake Landan. File:Masarautar Zazzau 10.jpg File:Masarautar Zazzau 07.jpg </gallery> == Bibilyo == * Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. ISBN 978-2118-028 ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Idris, Shehu}} [[Category:Sarakunan Zazzau]] [[Category:Sarakunan Nijeriya]] m2rmp4qh834ds4xjnt6j956wwzpxflt 842686 842678 2026-05-29T18:54:13Z Adamu Sani Muhammad 20906 /* Farkon Rayuwa */ 842686 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Masarautar Zazzau 08.jpg|thumb|Sarkin Zazzau Na 18]] [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 09.jpg|thumb|masarautar Zazzau 09]] [[Fayil:Masarautar Zazzau 07.jpg|thumb]] '''Shehu Idris''' (An haife shi a shekarar 1936 ya rasu a shekarar ta 2020), ya kasance shine [[Sarki]]n [[Zazzau]] na goma sha takwas 18 a jerin sarakunan [[Zaria|Zariya]] dake [[Jihar Kaduna]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-21 |title=Buhari, N-Govs, others mourn as Emir of Zazzau, Shehu Idris dies at 84 |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/09/buhari-n-govs-others-mourn-as-emir-of-zazzau-shehu-idris-dies-at-84/ |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> a sarakunan Fulani a karkashin Daular usmanniya ta [[Musulunci]] [[Sokoto]] [[Najeriya]].<ref name="breaking"/> Shehu idris shine da na biyar a wajen mahaifiyarsa kuma da na shida a cikin maza a wajen mahaifinsa. Shehu Idiris ya kasance shine mafi tsawon mulki a tarihin masarautar ƙasar Zazzau, ya kwashe tsawon shekaru arba'in da biyar 45 a sarautarm akan karagar mulkin zazzau Ya hau karagar mulki tun a ranar takwas ga watan Fabrairu shekarar alif 1975 biyo bayan rasuwar Sarkin Zazzau na goma sha bakwai Muhammadu Aminu a sannan Idris yana da shekaru talatin da tara 39 a rayuwarsa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/168711-zazzau-emirate-council-member-shot-dead-in-kaduna.html|title=Zazzau Emirate Council Member shot dead in Kaduna|work= Premium|accessdate=10 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|title=I Owe Long Life, Peaceful Coexistence To Almighty Allah – Shehu Idris|work=Leadership Newspaper|accessdate=10 November 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909064309/http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|archivedate=9 September 2015}}</ref> Mahaifinsa shine Malam Idris Auta, mahaifiyarsa kuma itace Hajiya Aminatu Idris.<ref>https://dailytrust.com/history-beckons-as-emir-of-zazzau-marks-45th-anniversary{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. == Farkon Rayuwa == Tarihin mai martaba sarkin [[zazzau]] Alhaji Shehu Idris ya fara ne daga Ranar 20 ga watan Fabrairu a shekara ta 1936, wanda shine asalin ranar da aka haifawa malam Idiris Autan Sambo da malama Aminatu matarsa ta uku (mahaifan shehu Idris). Bayan sati daya da haihuwarsa an sanya ma yaron suna SHEHU USMAN kamar yadda addini da al’ada suka tanadar. An haifi Idris daga gidan malam Idiris Auta wanda akafi sani da Auta Sambo tare da matarsa Hajiya Aminatu.<ref>{{cite web|title=Emir Shehu Idris of Zazzau: Exit of a gentleman peacemaker|url=https://www.pressreader.com/nigeria/daily-trust/20200921/281565178190492|website=www.pressreader.com|accessdate=21 September 2020}}</ref><ref name="Adamu">{{cite web|url=http://www.kabidonews.com/hh-alhaji-dr-shehu-idris-the-fragrance-always-stays-in-the-hands-that-gives-the-rose/|title=HH Alhaji Shehi Idris|last1=Marshal|first1=Adamu|last2=|first2=|date=14 January 2015|website=Kabidonews.com|publisher=|access-date=30 April 2016|quote=|archive-date=7 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507115422/http://www.kabidonews.com/hh-alhaji-dr-shehu-idris-the-fragrance-always-stays-in-the-hands-that-gives-the-rose/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Karatu == Shehu ya fara karatu yana ɗan shekara biyar. A wannan shekarun ba’a aika shi makarantar nursery ko firamari ba sai dai an tura shi makarantar islamiyya inda ya koyo karatun Al-Qur’ani kamar yadda [[addini]] ya tanadar. Shehu ya kasance dalibi mafi kwazo a lokacin da yake zuwa makarantar Allo, saboda baya taba yin fashin ajin safe ko na yamma ba tare da wani dalili mai ƙarfi ba. Ranaku biyar ne ake zuwa Makarantar a sati watau daga Asabar zuwa laraba ƙarfe 7:30 zuwa 11:30 da safe, sai kuma 2:30 zuwa 6:00 da yamma.<ref name=":1">Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris,the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 60-63 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> A lokacin da ya kai shekara 11 an sanyashi makarantar zamani a nan garin Zariya  a shekarar 1947. Duk da yana zuwa makarantar boko domin neman ilimin zamani, hakan bai hana shi cigaba da karatunsa na addini ba.<ref name=":1" />. [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 01.jpg|thumb|261x261px]] == Sarauta == Shehu Idris ya zama Sarki ne sanda Jihar take a matsayin Jihar Arewa ta Tsakiya a shekara ta 1975. A shekarar mai zuwa, Janar [[Murtala Mohammed]] lokacin yana Shugaban ƙasa ya canja mata suna zuwa [[Jihar Kaduna]]. Bayan an kwashe shekaru goma sha ɗaya, sai Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida]] ya raba jihar zuwa gida biyu [[Katsina]] da [[Jihar Kaduna]] a shekara ta 1987. Inda rabewar ya haifar da natsuwa akan tashin hankalin dake faruwa tsakanin Masarautar Katsina da ta Zazzau a sanda suke jiha ɗaya. Amma duk da wancan rabewar kuma, sai aka sake samo wata sabuwar rabuwa tsakanin mutanen dake rayuwa a kudancin Kaduna da Arewacin Kaduna.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/168711-zazzau-emirate-council-member-shot-dead-in-kaduna.html|title=Zazzau Emirate Council Member shot dead in Kaduna|work=Premium|accessdate=10 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|title=I Owe Long Life, Peaceful Coexistence To Almighty Allah – Shehu Idris|work=Leadership Newspaper|accessdate=10 November 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909064309/http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|archivedate=9 September 2015}}</ref> Idris ya fara karatunsa ne daga samun koyarwa na addini a wurin malamai a Zariya da Kuma cigaba da karatun sa a makarantar Zariya Elementary School.<ref name="newswire">{{cite web|title=The Emir of Zazzau, His royal Highness Alh(Dr) Shehu Idris, is dead|url=https://newswirengr.com/2020/09/20/the-emir-of-zazzau-his-royal-highness-alhdr-shehu-idris-is-dead/|website=NewsWire NGR|accessdate=21 September 2020}}</ref> Yana elementary school dafa a shekarar 1947 zuwa shekara ta 1950, Inda a wannan lokacin ya rasa mahaifinsa yana da shekara 12.<ref name="newswire" /> Idris ya cigaba da karatun alkur’ani da na zamani har yakai ga Zariya Middle School a shekarar 1950 sa'annan ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1955.<ref name="newswire" /> Sannan ya shiga Katsina Training College inda yazama malamin makaranta mai koyarwa.<ref name="Adamu" /> Wanda wannan rabuwa ta haifar da rashin jituwa da dama. Waɗanda suka shahara sune Rikicin Kafanchan a shekarar 1987, Faɗan Zangon Kataf sau biyu a shekarar 1992, faɗan Shari’a a 2000 da kuma faɗan bayan zaɓen shekara ta 2011 da shekara ta 2012. Lokacin sarautar Shehu Idris, yawancin dukkanin yankunan al'umma dake cikin garin Zazzau waɗanda ba Hausawa ba an basu cin gashin kansu kuma suka zama Masarautun kansu. Wannan yakamata ya baƙanta ma Idris rai. Biyo bayan ƙirƙiran wata sabuwar masarauta a 2001, wasu bangaren Musulmai dake Zazzau suma sun nemi a basu cin gashin kansu. Samun kaiwa shekaru 45 a sarauta ba ƙaramin abu bane, Kuma ya zamo mafi tsawon mulki a tarihin sarautar Zazzau. A yan' wannan karnin, an sha samun tsige-tsigen sarakunan gargajiya a masarautun Arewacin Najeriya. Sultan [[Ibrahim Dasuki]] an tsige shi a 1996, sarkin Gwandu Almustapha Jokolo an tsige shi a 2005 da Kuma Sarkin Kano [[Sanusi Lamido Sanusi|Muhammadu Sanusi]] na II shi ma an tsige shi a farkon shekarar 2020. Haka Kuma sarakunan a Muri, Suleja da Agaie. Sai dai Sarkin Zazzau ya kiyaye wa kansa duk wani abunda zai sanya asamu matsala tsakanin shi da wani Shugaba. ==Aiki == Idris nada shekaru 39 ne a sanda ya zama Sarkin Zazzau a watan Fabrairu na shekara ta alif 1975. Gabanin hawan sa sarauta ya kasance hakimi Kuma malamin makaranta. Gwamnan Kaduna na wancan lokacin Birgediya [[Abba Kyari]] shine ya naɗa Shehu Idris a matsayin Sarkin Zazzau na sha takwas a shekara ta alif 1975. [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 06.jpg|thumb|233x233px|Shehu Idris a makarantar sakandiri]] == Dangi == Shehu shine ɗa na biyar a wajen mahaifiyarsa kuma ɗa na shida a cikin maza a wajen mahaifinsa. Shehu ƙarami ya kasance kyauta ne mai matuƙar rahama daga Allah wanda iyayensa suka yiwa Allah godiya akan samunsa da suka yi.<ref name=":0">Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 57-59 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> Shehu Idris ya taso ne a gidan yawa saboda mahaifinsa yana da mata har guda huɗu, kuma gidan ya kasance daga sashin mulkin katsinawa a zazzau. Shehu ya samu tarbiyya kai tsaye daga wajen iyayensa malam Idris Autan Sambo da malama Aminatu tare da taimakon sauran iyayensa mata na gida. Malama Suwaibatu, Malama Zainabu, Malama Raliyatu. Kuma dukkanin su sun karkatu ne akan tarbiyya ta addini da kuma al’adu na ƙwarai. Al’ada ne a ƙasar hausa uwa take ɓoye sunan ɗanta na farko ko na biyu saboda alkunya, amma malama Aminatu ta ɓoye gaba ɗaya sunayen yaranta guda biyar inda kowanne ta bashi laƙabi da take kiransa da shi, ya kasance shehu ya samu suna “Na Allah”. Kuma ta kanyi wasa dashi a matsayin yaronta na biyar.<ref name=":0" /> Shehu ƙarami ya kasance kyauta ne mai matuƙar rahama daga Allah wanda iyayensa suka yiwa [[Allah]] godiya akan samunsa da suka yi.<ref>Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 57-59 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> == Mutuwa == A yanzu bayan rasuwar Alhaji Shehu Idris gasar data daɗe a kwance ta tashi tsakanin a wane gida ne Sabon sarki zai fito, Barebari, [[Mallawa]], [[Sullubawa]] ne ko kuma daga gidan Shehu Idris [[Katsinawa]]. Yarimomi sun daɗe tsawon shekaru arba'in da biyar (45) suna jiran wannan damar. == Hotuna == <gallery> File:Masarautar Zazzau 09.jpg|Shehu Idris a Makarantar Jami'a dake Landan. File:Masarautar Zazzau 10.jpg File:Masarautar Zazzau 07.jpg </gallery> == Bibilyo == * Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. ISBN 978-2118-028 ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Idris, Shehu}} [[Category:Sarakunan Zazzau]] [[Category:Sarakunan Nijeriya]] sfnsu64a366i1p2qwjqjeaqbzulzjsi 842704 842686 2026-05-29T19:20:37Z Adamu Sani Muhammad 20906 /* Karatu */ 842704 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Masarautar Zazzau 08.jpg|thumb|Sarkin Zazzau Na 18]] [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 09.jpg|thumb|masarautar Zazzau 09]] [[Fayil:Masarautar Zazzau 07.jpg|thumb]] '''Shehu Idris''' (An haife shi a shekarar 1936 ya rasu a shekarar ta 2020), ya kasance shine [[Sarki]]n [[Zazzau]] na goma sha takwas 18 a jerin sarakunan [[Zaria|Zariya]] dake [[Jihar Kaduna]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-21 |title=Buhari, N-Govs, others mourn as Emir of Zazzau, Shehu Idris dies at 84 |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/09/buhari-n-govs-others-mourn-as-emir-of-zazzau-shehu-idris-dies-at-84/ |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> a sarakunan Fulani a karkashin Daular usmanniya ta [[Musulunci]] [[Sokoto]] [[Najeriya]].<ref name="breaking"/> Shehu idris shine da na biyar a wajen mahaifiyarsa kuma da na shida a cikin maza a wajen mahaifinsa. Shehu Idiris ya kasance shine mafi tsawon mulki a tarihin masarautar ƙasar Zazzau, ya kwashe tsawon shekaru arba'in da biyar 45 a sarautarm akan karagar mulkin zazzau Ya hau karagar mulki tun a ranar takwas ga watan Fabrairu shekarar alif 1975 biyo bayan rasuwar Sarkin Zazzau na goma sha bakwai Muhammadu Aminu a sannan Idris yana da shekaru talatin da tara 39 a rayuwarsa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/168711-zazzau-emirate-council-member-shot-dead-in-kaduna.html|title=Zazzau Emirate Council Member shot dead in Kaduna|work= Premium|accessdate=10 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|title=I Owe Long Life, Peaceful Coexistence To Almighty Allah – Shehu Idris|work=Leadership Newspaper|accessdate=10 November 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909064309/http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|archivedate=9 September 2015}}</ref> Mahaifinsa shine Malam Idris Auta, mahaifiyarsa kuma itace Hajiya Aminatu Idris.<ref>https://dailytrust.com/history-beckons-as-emir-of-zazzau-marks-45th-anniversary{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. == Farkon Rayuwa == Tarihin mai martaba sarkin [[zazzau]] Alhaji Shehu Idris ya fara ne daga Ranar 20 ga watan Fabrairu a shekara ta 1936, wanda shine asalin ranar da aka haifawa malam Idiris Autan Sambo da malama Aminatu matarsa ta uku (mahaifan shehu Idris). Bayan sati daya da haihuwarsa an sanya ma yaron suna SHEHU USMAN kamar yadda addini da al’ada suka tanadar. An haifi Idris daga gidan malam Idiris Auta wanda akafi sani da Auta Sambo tare da matarsa Hajiya Aminatu.<ref>{{cite web|title=Emir Shehu Idris of Zazzau: Exit of a gentleman peacemaker|url=https://www.pressreader.com/nigeria/daily-trust/20200921/281565178190492|website=www.pressreader.com|accessdate=21 September 2020}}</ref><ref name="Adamu">{{cite web|url=http://www.kabidonews.com/hh-alhaji-dr-shehu-idris-the-fragrance-always-stays-in-the-hands-that-gives-the-rose/|title=HH Alhaji Shehi Idris|last1=Marshal|first1=Adamu|last2=|first2=|date=14 January 2015|website=Kabidonews.com|publisher=|access-date=30 April 2016|quote=|archive-date=7 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507115422/http://www.kabidonews.com/hh-alhaji-dr-shehu-idris-the-fragrance-always-stays-in-the-hands-that-gives-the-rose/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Karatu == Shehu ya fara karatu yana ɗan shekara biyar. A wannan shekarun ba’a aika shi makarantar nursery ko firamari ba sai dai an tura shi makarantar islamiyya inda ya koyo karatun Al-Qur’ani kamar yadda [[addini]] ya tanadar. Shehu ya kasance dalibi mafi kwazo a lokacin da yake zuwa makarantar Allo, saboda baya taba yin fashin ajin safe ko na yamma ba tare da wani dalili mai ƙarfi ba. Ranaku biyar ne ake zuwa Makarantar a sati watau daga Asabar zuwa laraba ƙarfe 7:30 zuwa 11:30 da safe, sai kuma 2:30 zuwa 6:00 na yamma.<ref name=":1">Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris,the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 60-63 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> A lokacin da ya kai shekara 11 an sanyashi makarantar zamani a nan garin Zariya  a shekarar 1947. Duk da yana zuwa makarantar boko domin neman ilimin zamani, hakan bai hana shi cigaba da karatunsa na addini ba.<ref name=":1" />. [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 01.jpg|thumb|261x261px]] == Sarauta == Shehu Idris ya zama Sarki ne sanda Jihar take a matsayin Jihar Arewa ta Tsakiya a shekara ta 1975. A shekarar mai zuwa, Janar [[Murtala Mohammed]] lokacin yana Shugaban ƙasa ya canja mata suna zuwa [[Jihar Kaduna]]. Bayan an kwashe shekaru goma sha ɗaya, sai Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida]] ya raba jihar zuwa gida biyu [[Katsina]] da [[Jihar Kaduna]] a shekara ta 1987. Inda rabewar ya haifar da natsuwa akan tashin hankalin dake faruwa tsakanin Masarautar Katsina da ta Zazzau a sanda suke jiha ɗaya. Amma duk da wancan rabewar kuma, sai aka sake samo wata sabuwar rabuwa tsakanin mutanen dake rayuwa a kudancin Kaduna da Arewacin Kaduna.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/168711-zazzau-emirate-council-member-shot-dead-in-kaduna.html|title=Zazzau Emirate Council Member shot dead in Kaduna|work=Premium|accessdate=10 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|title=I Owe Long Life, Peaceful Coexistence To Almighty Allah – Shehu Idris|work=Leadership Newspaper|accessdate=10 November 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909064309/http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|archivedate=9 September 2015}}</ref> Idris ya fara karatunsa ne daga samun koyarwa na addini a wurin malamai a Zariya da Kuma cigaba da karatun sa a makarantar Zariya Elementary School.<ref name="newswire">{{cite web|title=The Emir of Zazzau, His royal Highness Alh(Dr) Shehu Idris, is dead|url=https://newswirengr.com/2020/09/20/the-emir-of-zazzau-his-royal-highness-alhdr-shehu-idris-is-dead/|website=NewsWire NGR|accessdate=21 September 2020}}</ref> Yana elementary school dafa a shekarar 1947 zuwa shekara ta 1950, Inda a wannan lokacin ya rasa mahaifinsa yana da shekara 12.<ref name="newswire" /> Idris ya cigaba da karatun alkur’ani da na zamani har yakai ga Zariya Middle School a shekarar 1950 sa'annan ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1955.<ref name="newswire" /> Sannan ya shiga Katsina Training College inda yazama malamin makaranta mai koyarwa.<ref name="Adamu" /> Wanda wannan rabuwa ta haifar da rashin jituwa da dama. Waɗanda suka shahara sune Rikicin Kafanchan a shekarar 1987, Faɗan Zangon Kataf sau biyu a shekarar 1992, faɗan Shari’a a 2000 da kuma faɗan bayan zaɓen shekara ta 2011 da shekara ta 2012. Lokacin sarautar Shehu Idris, yawancin dukkanin yankunan al'umma dake cikin garin Zazzau waɗanda ba Hausawa ba an basu cin gashin kansu kuma suka zama Masarautun kansu. Wannan yakamata ya baƙanta ma Idris rai. Biyo bayan ƙirƙiran wata sabuwar masarauta a 2001, wasu bangaren Musulmai dake Zazzau suma sun nemi a basu cin gashin kansu. Samun kaiwa shekaru 45 a sarauta ba ƙaramin abu bane, Kuma ya zamo mafi tsawon mulki a tarihin sarautar Zazzau. A yan' wannan karnin, an sha samun tsige-tsigen sarakunan gargajiya a masarautun Arewacin Najeriya. Sultan [[Ibrahim Dasuki]] an tsige shi a 1996, sarkin Gwandu Almustapha Jokolo an tsige shi a 2005 da Kuma Sarkin Kano [[Sanusi Lamido Sanusi|Muhammadu Sanusi]] na II shi ma an tsige shi a farkon shekarar 2020. Haka Kuma sarakunan a Muri, Suleja da Agaie. Sai dai Sarkin Zazzau ya kiyaye wa kansa duk wani abunda zai sanya asamu matsala tsakanin shi da wani Shugaba. ==Aiki == Idris nada shekaru 39 ne a sanda ya zama Sarkin Zazzau a watan Fabrairu na shekara ta alif 1975. Gabanin hawan sa sarauta ya kasance hakimi Kuma malamin makaranta. Gwamnan Kaduna na wancan lokacin Birgediya [[Abba Kyari]] shine ya naɗa Shehu Idris a matsayin Sarkin Zazzau na sha takwas a shekara ta alif 1975. [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 06.jpg|thumb|233x233px|Shehu Idris a makarantar sakandiri]] == Dangi == Shehu shine ɗa na biyar a wajen mahaifiyarsa kuma ɗa na shida a cikin maza a wajen mahaifinsa. Shehu ƙarami ya kasance kyauta ne mai matuƙar rahama daga Allah wanda iyayensa suka yiwa Allah godiya akan samunsa da suka yi.<ref name=":0">Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 57-59 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> Shehu Idris ya taso ne a gidan yawa saboda mahaifinsa yana da mata har guda huɗu, kuma gidan ya kasance daga sashin mulkin katsinawa a zazzau. Shehu ya samu tarbiyya kai tsaye daga wajen iyayensa malam Idris Autan Sambo da malama Aminatu tare da taimakon sauran iyayensa mata na gida. Malama Suwaibatu, Malama Zainabu, Malama Raliyatu. Kuma dukkanin su sun karkatu ne akan tarbiyya ta addini da kuma al’adu na ƙwarai. Al’ada ne a ƙasar hausa uwa take ɓoye sunan ɗanta na farko ko na biyu saboda alkunya, amma malama Aminatu ta ɓoye gaba ɗaya sunayen yaranta guda biyar inda kowanne ta bashi laƙabi da take kiransa da shi, ya kasance shehu ya samu suna “Na Allah”. Kuma ta kanyi wasa dashi a matsayin yaronta na biyar.<ref name=":0" /> Shehu ƙarami ya kasance kyauta ne mai matuƙar rahama daga Allah wanda iyayensa suka yiwa [[Allah]] godiya akan samunsa da suka yi.<ref>Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 57-59 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> == Mutuwa == A yanzu bayan rasuwar Alhaji Shehu Idris gasar data daɗe a kwance ta tashi tsakanin a wane gida ne Sabon sarki zai fito, Barebari, [[Mallawa]], [[Sullubawa]] ne ko kuma daga gidan Shehu Idris [[Katsinawa]]. Yarimomi sun daɗe tsawon shekaru arba'in da biyar (45) suna jiran wannan damar. == Hotuna == <gallery> File:Masarautar Zazzau 09.jpg|Shehu Idris a Makarantar Jami'a dake Landan. File:Masarautar Zazzau 10.jpg File:Masarautar Zazzau 07.jpg </gallery> == Bibilyo == * Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. ISBN 978-2118-028 ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Idris, Shehu}} [[Category:Sarakunan Zazzau]] [[Category:Sarakunan Nijeriya]] sic903n94yyak1z2clfqmoq5uxcs4jb 842706 842704 2026-05-29T19:22:13Z Adamu Sani Muhammad 20906 /* Karatu */ 842706 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Masarautar Zazzau 08.jpg|thumb|Sarkin Zazzau Na 18]] [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 09.jpg|thumb|masarautar Zazzau 09]] [[Fayil:Masarautar Zazzau 07.jpg|thumb]] '''Shehu Idris''' (An haife shi a shekarar 1936 ya rasu a shekarar ta 2020), ya kasance shine [[Sarki]]n [[Zazzau]] na goma sha takwas 18 a jerin sarakunan [[Zaria|Zariya]] dake [[Jihar Kaduna]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-21 |title=Buhari, N-Govs, others mourn as Emir of Zazzau, Shehu Idris dies at 84 |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/09/buhari-n-govs-others-mourn-as-emir-of-zazzau-shehu-idris-dies-at-84/ |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> a sarakunan Fulani a karkashin Daular usmanniya ta [[Musulunci]] [[Sokoto]] [[Najeriya]].<ref name="breaking"/> Shehu idris shine da na biyar a wajen mahaifiyarsa kuma da na shida a cikin maza a wajen mahaifinsa. Shehu Idiris ya kasance shine mafi tsawon mulki a tarihin masarautar ƙasar Zazzau, ya kwashe tsawon shekaru arba'in da biyar 45 a sarautarm akan karagar mulkin zazzau Ya hau karagar mulki tun a ranar takwas ga watan Fabrairu shekarar alif 1975 biyo bayan rasuwar Sarkin Zazzau na goma sha bakwai Muhammadu Aminu a sannan Idris yana da shekaru talatin da tara 39 a rayuwarsa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/168711-zazzau-emirate-council-member-shot-dead-in-kaduna.html|title=Zazzau Emirate Council Member shot dead in Kaduna|work= Premium|accessdate=10 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|title=I Owe Long Life, Peaceful Coexistence To Almighty Allah – Shehu Idris|work=Leadership Newspaper|accessdate=10 November 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909064309/http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|archivedate=9 September 2015}}</ref> Mahaifinsa shine Malam Idris Auta, mahaifiyarsa kuma itace Hajiya Aminatu Idris.<ref>https://dailytrust.com/history-beckons-as-emir-of-zazzau-marks-45th-anniversary{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. == Farkon Rayuwa == Tarihin mai martaba sarkin [[zazzau]] Alhaji Shehu Idris ya fara ne daga Ranar 20 ga watan Fabrairu a shekara ta 1936, wanda shine asalin ranar da aka haifawa malam Idiris Autan Sambo da malama Aminatu matarsa ta uku (mahaifan shehu Idris). Bayan sati daya da haihuwarsa an sanya ma yaron suna SHEHU USMAN kamar yadda addini da al’ada suka tanadar. An haifi Idris daga gidan malam Idiris Auta wanda akafi sani da Auta Sambo tare da matarsa Hajiya Aminatu.<ref>{{cite web|title=Emir Shehu Idris of Zazzau: Exit of a gentleman peacemaker|url=https://www.pressreader.com/nigeria/daily-trust/20200921/281565178190492|website=www.pressreader.com|accessdate=21 September 2020}}</ref><ref name="Adamu">{{cite web|url=http://www.kabidonews.com/hh-alhaji-dr-shehu-idris-the-fragrance-always-stays-in-the-hands-that-gives-the-rose/|title=HH Alhaji Shehi Idris|last1=Marshal|first1=Adamu|last2=|first2=|date=14 January 2015|website=Kabidonews.com|publisher=|access-date=30 April 2016|quote=|archive-date=7 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507115422/http://www.kabidonews.com/hh-alhaji-dr-shehu-idris-the-fragrance-always-stays-in-the-hands-that-gives-the-rose/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Karatu == Shehu ya fara karatu yana ɗan shekara biyar. A wannan shekarun ba’a aika shi makarantar nursery ko firamari ba sai dai an tura shi makarantar islamiyya inda ya koyo karatun Al-Qur’ani kamar yadda [[addini]] ya tanadar. Shehu ya kasance dalibi mafi kwazo a lokacin da yake zuwa makarantar Allo, saboda baya taba yin fashin ajin safe ko na yamma ba tare da wani dalili mai ƙarfi ba. Ranaku biyar ne ake zuwa Makarantar a sati watau daga Asabar zuwa laraba ƙarfe 7:30 zuwa 11:30 na safe, sai kuma 2:30 zuwa 6:00 na yamma.<ref name=":1">Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris,the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 60-63 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> A lokacin da ya kai shekara 11 an sanyashi makarantar zamani a nan garin Zariya  a shekarar 1947. Duk da yana zuwa makarantar boko domin neman ilimin zamani, hakan bai hana shi cigaba da karatunsa na addini ba.<ref name=":1" />. [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 01.jpg|thumb|261x261px]] == Sarauta == Shehu Idris ya zama Sarki ne sanda Jihar take a matsayin Jihar Arewa ta Tsakiya a shekara ta 1975. A shekarar mai zuwa, Janar [[Murtala Mohammed]] lokacin yana Shugaban ƙasa ya canja mata suna zuwa [[Jihar Kaduna]]. Bayan an kwashe shekaru goma sha ɗaya, sai Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida]] ya raba jihar zuwa gida biyu [[Katsina]] da [[Jihar Kaduna]] a shekara ta 1987. Inda rabewar ya haifar da natsuwa akan tashin hankalin dake faruwa tsakanin Masarautar Katsina da ta Zazzau a sanda suke jiha ɗaya. Amma duk da wancan rabewar kuma, sai aka sake samo wata sabuwar rabuwa tsakanin mutanen dake rayuwa a kudancin Kaduna da Arewacin Kaduna.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/168711-zazzau-emirate-council-member-shot-dead-in-kaduna.html|title=Zazzau Emirate Council Member shot dead in Kaduna|work=Premium|accessdate=10 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|title=I Owe Long Life, Peaceful Coexistence To Almighty Allah – Shehu Idris|work=Leadership Newspaper|accessdate=10 November 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909064309/http://leadership.ng/features/347820/owe-long-life-peaceful-coexistence-almighty-allah-shehu-idris|archivedate=9 September 2015}}</ref> Idris ya fara karatunsa ne daga samun koyarwa na addini a wurin malamai a Zariya da Kuma cigaba da karatun sa a makarantar Zariya Elementary School.<ref name="newswire">{{cite web|title=The Emir of Zazzau, His royal Highness Alh(Dr) Shehu Idris, is dead|url=https://newswirengr.com/2020/09/20/the-emir-of-zazzau-his-royal-highness-alhdr-shehu-idris-is-dead/|website=NewsWire NGR|accessdate=21 September 2020}}</ref> Yana elementary school dafa a shekarar 1947 zuwa shekara ta 1950, Inda a wannan lokacin ya rasa mahaifinsa yana da shekara 12.<ref name="newswire" /> Idris ya cigaba da karatun alkur’ani da na zamani har yakai ga Zariya Middle School a shekarar 1950 sa'annan ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1955.<ref name="newswire" /> Sannan ya shiga Katsina Training College inda yazama malamin makaranta mai koyarwa.<ref name="Adamu" /> Wanda wannan rabuwa ta haifar da rashin jituwa da dama. Waɗanda suka shahara sune Rikicin Kafanchan a shekarar 1987, Faɗan Zangon Kataf sau biyu a shekarar 1992, faɗan Shari’a a 2000 da kuma faɗan bayan zaɓen shekara ta 2011 da shekara ta 2012. Lokacin sarautar Shehu Idris, yawancin dukkanin yankunan al'umma dake cikin garin Zazzau waɗanda ba Hausawa ba an basu cin gashin kansu kuma suka zama Masarautun kansu. Wannan yakamata ya baƙanta ma Idris rai. Biyo bayan ƙirƙiran wata sabuwar masarauta a 2001, wasu bangaren Musulmai dake Zazzau suma sun nemi a basu cin gashin kansu. Samun kaiwa shekaru 45 a sarauta ba ƙaramin abu bane, Kuma ya zamo mafi tsawon mulki a tarihin sarautar Zazzau. A yan' wannan karnin, an sha samun tsige-tsigen sarakunan gargajiya a masarautun Arewacin Najeriya. Sultan [[Ibrahim Dasuki]] an tsige shi a 1996, sarkin Gwandu Almustapha Jokolo an tsige shi a 2005 da Kuma Sarkin Kano [[Sanusi Lamido Sanusi|Muhammadu Sanusi]] na II shi ma an tsige shi a farkon shekarar 2020. Haka Kuma sarakunan a Muri, Suleja da Agaie. Sai dai Sarkin Zazzau ya kiyaye wa kansa duk wani abunda zai sanya asamu matsala tsakanin shi da wani Shugaba. ==Aiki == Idris nada shekaru 39 ne a sanda ya zama Sarkin Zazzau a watan Fabrairu na shekara ta alif 1975. Gabanin hawan sa sarauta ya kasance hakimi Kuma malamin makaranta. Gwamnan Kaduna na wancan lokacin Birgediya [[Abba Kyari]] shine ya naɗa Shehu Idris a matsayin Sarkin Zazzau na sha takwas a shekara ta alif 1975. [[File:Masarautar Zazzau 06.jpg|thumb|233x233px|Shehu Idris a makarantar sakandiri]] == Dangi == Shehu shine ɗa na biyar a wajen mahaifiyarsa kuma ɗa na shida a cikin maza a wajen mahaifinsa. Shehu ƙarami ya kasance kyauta ne mai matuƙar rahama daga Allah wanda iyayensa suka yiwa Allah godiya akan samunsa da suka yi.<ref name=":0">Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 57-59 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> Shehu Idris ya taso ne a gidan yawa saboda mahaifinsa yana da mata har guda huɗu, kuma gidan ya kasance daga sashin mulkin katsinawa a zazzau. Shehu ya samu tarbiyya kai tsaye daga wajen iyayensa malam Idris Autan Sambo da malama Aminatu tare da taimakon sauran iyayensa mata na gida. Malama Suwaibatu, Malama Zainabu, Malama Raliyatu. Kuma dukkanin su sun karkatu ne akan tarbiyya ta addini da kuma al’adu na ƙwarai. Al’ada ne a ƙasar hausa uwa take ɓoye sunan ɗanta na farko ko na biyu saboda alkunya, amma malama Aminatu ta ɓoye gaba ɗaya sunayen yaranta guda biyar inda kowanne ta bashi laƙabi da take kiransa da shi, ya kasance shehu ya samu suna “Na Allah”. Kuma ta kanyi wasa dashi a matsayin yaronta na biyar.<ref name=":0" /> Shehu ƙarami ya kasance kyauta ne mai matuƙar rahama daga Allah wanda iyayensa suka yiwa [[Allah]] godiya akan samunsa da suka yi.<ref>Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. p.p. 57-59 ISBN 978-2118-028</ref> == Mutuwa == A yanzu bayan rasuwar Alhaji Shehu Idris gasar data daɗe a kwance ta tashi tsakanin a wane gida ne Sabon sarki zai fito, Barebari, [[Mallawa]], [[Sullubawa]] ne ko kuma daga gidan Shehu Idris [[Katsinawa]]. Yarimomi sun daɗe tsawon shekaru arba'in da biyar (45) suna jiran wannan damar. == Hotuna == <gallery> File:Masarautar Zazzau 09.jpg|Shehu Idris a Makarantar Jami'a dake Landan. File:Masarautar Zazzau 10.jpg File:Masarautar Zazzau 07.jpg </gallery> == Bibilyo == * Dalhatu, Ibrahim. Alhaji Shehu Idris, the 18th fulani emir of zazzau. Hassan, Musa. ISBN 978-2118-028 ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Idris, Shehu}} [[Category:Sarakunan Zazzau]] [[Category:Sarakunan Nijeriya]] ak62sv2da6p83w6725rkb1b5ogxkk6m 0 8775 843041 517018 2026-05-30T05:54:40Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843041 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:High Court of Justice, Yenogoa, Bayelsa state.jpg|thumb|yenagoa]] [[Fayil:Cultural Centre, Yenagoa Bayelsa.jpg|thumb|yenagoa]] [[Fayil:High Court of Justice, Yenogoa, Bayelsa state.jpg|thumb|Yenagoa]] '''Yenagoa'''<ref>{{Cite news |title=Yenagoa Archives |url=https://guardian.ng/tag/yenagoa/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-05 |newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma]] ce<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php |access-date=2022-03-09 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> kuma babban birnin [[Jihar Bayelsa]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/topics/c5qvpq9d50nt |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=BBC News Pidgin}}</ref> a kudancin [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Yenagoa|url=https://yenagoa.investbayelsa.by.gov.ng/about-yenagoa/|access-date=2021-09-15|website=City Of Yenagoa|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915112842/https://yenagoa.investbayelsa.by.gov.ng/about-yenagoa/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tana cikin yankin Neja Delta na ƙasar a matsayi na 4°55′29″N 6°15′51″E. Ƙaramar Hukumar tana da faɗin ƙasa da ya kai kilomita murabba’i 706 tare da kiyasin yawan jama’a da ya kai 798,466 a shekarar 2024.<ref name="britannica.com">{{Cite web |title=population {{!}} Definition, Trends, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/population-biology-and-anthropology |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=MINA Ijaw Population Report 2024 Estimate {{!}} PDF {{!}} Nigeria |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/834960992/MINA-Ijaw-Population-Report-2024-Estimate |access-date=2025-05-17 |website=Scribd |language=en}}</ref> Lambar akwatin gidan waya (postal code) ta yankin ita ce 561.<ref>{{cite web | title = Post Offices- with map of LGA | publisher = NIPOST | url = http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx | access-date = 2009-10-20 | archive-date = 2012-11-26 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121126042849/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/postcode.aspx | url-status = dead }}</ref> Al’ummar Ijaw su ne mafi rinjaye a Ƙaramar Hukumar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Overview of Bayelsa – Niger Delta Budget Monitoring Group |url=https://www.nigerdeltabudget.org/overview-of-bayelsa/ |access-date=2022-04-20 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ariye |first=E. C |version=Online |title=The Ijo (Ijaw) People of Delta State: Their Early History and Aspects of Social and Cultural Practices |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234668573.pdf |journal=Historical Research Letter |volume=8 |pages=1–2 |via=IISTE}}</ref> Turanci shi ne harshen hukuma,<ref>{{Cite web |author=United Nations |title=Official Languages |url=https://www.un.org/en/our-work/official-languages |access-date=2022-03-09 |website=United Nations |language=en}}</ref> amma harshen Epie-Atissa na daga cikin harsunan gida da ake magana da su a Yenagoa,<ref name="britannica.com"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Spoken languages of African countries - Nations Online Project |url=https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/african_languages.htm |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=www.nationsonline.org}}</ref> yayin da Ekpetiama, Gbarian, Buseni da Zarama su ma wasu karin harsunan Ijaw ne da ake amfani da su a yankin Yenagoa.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-11-03|title=Bayelsa moves to save Izon language from extinction|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/11/bayelsa-moves-to-save-izon-language-from-extinction/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-09-16|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Kolesnik|first=Kay|date=2018-10-30|title=What do you know about Bayelsa State history?|url=https://www.legit.ng/1200389-history-bayelsa-state-interesting-facts-know.html|access-date=2021-09-16|newspaper=[[Legit.ng]]|language=en}}</ref> Filin jirgin saman Bayelsa (Bayelsa International Airport) filin jirgin sama ne da ke babban birnin Jihar Bayelsa wato Yenagoa, a kudancin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State Government – The Glory of all Lands |url=https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-03-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> Filin jirgin saman ya karɓi jirginsa na farko ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yenagoa Bayelsa Airport Profile {{!}} CAPA|url=https://centreforaviation.com/data/profiles/airports/yenagoa-bayelsa-airport|access-date=2021-09-14|website=centreforaviation.com}}</ref> Yenagoa ita ce gida ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza ta '''Bayelsa United''', wadda ke taka leda a gasar Nigeria National League, da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta '''Bayelsa Queens''' wadda ke buga gasar NWFL Premiership. Ƙungiyoyin biyu sun lashe kofin Aiteo na shekarar 2021 a rukunin maza da mata bi da bi. An gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na maza a sabon filin wasa na Samuel Ogbemudia Stadium da ke Benin City.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-04-10 |title=Samuel Ogbemudia Stadium best in Nigeria —Kwara dep gov |url=https://punchng.com/samuel-ogbemudia-stadium-best-in-nigeria-kwara-dep-gov/ |access-date=2022-03-12 |newspaper=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Bayelsa United ta doke Nasarawa United da ci 4–3 a bugun fenariti bayan an tashi 2–2 a lokacin wasa da ƙarin lokaci.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bayelsa United upset Nasarawa United as Yenagoa clubs rule Aiteo Cup|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/bayelsa-united-upset-nasarawa-united-as-yenagoa-clubs-rule-aiteo-cup/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-09-18|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|date=9 August 2021 |language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Yenagoa}} [[Category:Biranen Najeriya]] [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Bayelsa]] kzirc7unsb7qeajtlyco0w5fli2jxqj 0 9473 843056 240601 2026-05-30T06:11:15Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{hujja}} '''Agatu''' daya ne daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Agatu Local Government Area – I am Benue |url=http://www.iambenue.com/benue-state/local-governments-areas/agatu-local-government-area/ |access-date=2022-09-05 |language=en-GB}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] ph7akfpu6xn8zw0x0fsw8i7wnvrf3b3 0 9474 843063 473849 2026-05-30T06:16:58Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Gboko''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] a [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Tattalin Arziki == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su limestone, granite, barite da alluvial clay. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkar noma, kuma yankin ya shahara wajen noman amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, doya, masara da rogo a manyan adadi. Haka kuma, kasuwanci yana bunƙasa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Gboko, inda akwai kasuwanni da dama irin su Kasuwar Ortese, Ikpa da Tarukpe, waɗanda ke bai wa jama’a damar saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gboko Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/160/gboko |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> <gallery> File:Tiv_women_and_girls_in_cultural_attire.jpg|Wata Mata da yara a shigar al'adar ƙabilar Tiv File:Mkar_Hill.jpg|Tsaunin Mkar </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 7whddcqjtw41659m1pe15mkguu4e3ih 0 9475 843082 481427 2026-05-30T06:23:42Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843082 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Katsina Ala River.jpg|thumb|kastina ah yankin ruwansu]] '''Katsina-Ala''' [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce a [[jihar Benue]] dake a [[Shayarwa|shiyar]] tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. Hedikwatarta [[Tarayyar Amurka|tana]] cikin garin Katsina-Ala inda babbar hanyar A344 take farawa. Har ila yau, wuri ne na wani muhimmin wuri na tarihi inda aka samo kayayyakin gargajiya na al'adun Nok. ==Al'umma== Katsina-Ala tana da yanki mai fadin 2,402 km2 (927 sq mi) da yawan jama'a 224,718 a ƙidayar 2006. Garin shine wurin kayan tsoffin makarantu a Najeriya, Kwalejin Gwamnati ta Katsina-Ala, wacce aka kafa ta a shekara ta alif 1914, kuma ta samar da manyan mambobi a cikin al'ummar Najeriya. Lambar akwatin gidan yankin 980. Communityasar, wacce ke gefen Kogin Katsina Ala, babban yanki ne na Kogin Benuwe, galibi mazaunan sun mamaye ta. ==Gidan kayan tarihi== An samo mutum-mutumin Terracotta a Katsina Ala a tsakiyar karni na ashirin. Sun haɗa da ainihin alamun kawunan mutane, tare da wasu dabbobi, da ɓangarorin manyan gumaka. Hotunan mutum-mutumi sun yi kama da wasu da aka samu a Nok, kimanin kilomita 209 daga arewa, kuma ana tunanin mutanen da al'adunsu daya suka yi su. Adadin mutane yana iya wakiltar kakanni ko ruhohi. A cewar Bernard Fagg, wani masanin ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi wanda ya gudanar da bincike mai zurfi game da al'adun Nok, ayyukan da ake yi a Katsina Ala sun kasance wani salo na musamman. Mutum-mutumi daga Taruga da na Samun Dukiya sun yi kama, amma suna da bambancin salo iri-iri. Aikin ƙarfe ya fara aiki a wurin a ƙarni na huɗu kafin haihuwar Yesu, da ɗan lokaci kaɗan da baƙin ƙarfe da ke aiki a Taruga. Hakanan an gano wasu narkakken kwalba da aka narke a shafin, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama kwaikwayon kwasfa na kuli-kuli. == Yanayi == Yanayin Katsina-Ala na Najeriya yanayi ne mai zafi irin na yankunan tropics, wanda ke tattare da yanayin zafi da kuma yawan ruwan sama na yanayi. Lokacin damina yana gudana daga watan Mayu zuwa Satumba, inda ake samun ruwan sama mai yawa wanda kan kai milimita 235 (inci 9.3) a watan Satumba. Daga watan Janairu zuwa Maris kuwa, yankin na fuskantar matsakaicin zafin jiki mai yawa wanda kan kai 31°C (88°F), tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama. Watannin Nuwamba da Disamba su ne mafi sanyi, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki yakan kasance kusan 28°C (82°F) tare da ƙarancin ruwan sama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Monthly climate in Katsina-Ala, Nigeria |url=https://nomadseason.com/climate/nigeria/benue/katsina-ala.html |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=nomadseason.com}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{Stub}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] eab4149vox38yuoin7z4527ldzyp0g5 0 9477 843126 441252 2026-05-30T06:40:59Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843126 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Otukpo''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan Hukumomin]] a [[Jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Yanayi == Otukpo na da yanayin savanna mai zafi. Yanayin yankin yana kasancewa mai ɗumi a duk watannin shekara tare da samun lokacin damina da lokacin rani. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara a Otukpo ya kai 27.2°C, yayin da matsakaicin zafin watan Agusta yake kusan 25.5°C, wanda shi ne mafi ƙanƙantar matsakaicin zafi a duk shekara. Yankin yana samun kusan milimita 6,200 (inci 244) na ruwan sama a shekara, kuma yana da kwanaki kusan 169 na rashin ruwan sama a shekara. Matsakaicin danshin iska ya kai kashi 61 cikin 100, yayin da ma’aunin hasken ultraviolet (UV-index) yake a mataki na 7. Yanayin Otukpo gaba ɗaya yanayi ne mai zafi irin na yankunan tropics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Otukpo weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature |url=https://www.besttravelmonths.com/nigeria/otukpo-2930108/ |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=www.besttravelmonths.com |language=en}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] hx9l86bx32salyefjuwlzhtxb4dz24d 843127 843126 2026-05-30T06:41:17Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 /* Manazarta */ 843127 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Otukpo''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan Hukumomin]] a [[Jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Yanayi == Otukpo na da yanayin savanna mai zafi. Yanayin yankin yana kasancewa mai ɗumi a duk watannin shekara tare da samun lokacin damina da lokacin rani. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara a Otukpo ya kai 27.2°C, yayin da matsakaicin zafin watan Agusta yake kusan 25.5°C, wanda shi ne mafi ƙanƙantar matsakaicin zafi a duk shekara. Yankin yana samun kusan milimita 6,200 (inci 244) na ruwan sama a shekara, kuma yana da kwanaki kusan 169 na rashin ruwan sama a shekara. Matsakaicin danshin iska ya kai kashi 61 cikin 100, yayin da ma’aunin hasken ultraviolet (UV-index) yake a mataki na 7. Yanayin Otukpo gaba ɗaya yanayi ne mai zafi irin na yankunan tropics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Otukpo weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature |url=https://www.besttravelmonths.com/nigeria/otukpo-2930108/ |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=www.besttravelmonths.com |language=en}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] s99k98w5itjm1iko1bm3deyrng13qq5 0 9543 843057 523363 2026-05-30T06:13:23Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 /* Manazarta */ 843057 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:APA Gebäude Döbling.jpg|thumb|gini Apa (Nijeriya)]] '''Apa'''<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://benuestate.gov.ng/apa/|title=Apa|date=2017-11-02|work=Government of Benue State of Nigeria|access-date=2018-06-27|language=en-US}}</ref> daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] dake [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. An fara samar da karamar hukumar Apa ne a ranar 23 ga watan Maris 1981. Ta fara aiki ne a ranar 31 ga watan Disamba 1983, sannan aka sake kirkiro ta a watan Agusta, 1991. Karamar hukumar tana a arewa maso yammacin Makurdi, babban birnin Benue. Jihar Tana iyaka da Arewa da karamar hukumar [[Agatu]], daga Gabas ta yi iyaka da [[Gwer West]], daga Kudu kuma ta yi iyaka da [[Otukpo]] sannan zuwa yamma karamar hukumar [[Omala]] ta [[jihar Kogi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://benuestate.gov.ng/portfolio/chief-danjuma-solomon-apa/|title=Welcome|website=benuestate.gov.ng}}</ref> Tana da yawan jama'a kusan mutane 100,000 tare da yawan jama'a kusan mutane 200,300 a kowace km2. Mazauna karamar hukumar galibinsu [[Idoma]] ne da wasu 'yan [[Igala]] da sauran mazauna.Karamar hukumar tana da gundumomi 11 da suka hada da, [[Ugbokpo]], [[Edikwu]] I, [[Ikobi]], [[Ojantelle/Akpete]], [[Oba]] [[Iga]], [[Oiji]], [[Ojope]], [[Igoro]], [[Edikwu]] II da [[Auke]]. Albarkatun ma'adinai da aka samu a karamar hukumar suna da yawa kuma suna jiran a yi amfani da su. Su ne ajiyar man fetur a Okwiji da gishiri a Iga-Okpaya. Sauran ma'adanai da ake samu a karamar hukumar sun hada da kaolin, limestone, gypsum, anhydride da iskar gas. Haka nan karamar hukumar tana da kayayyakin noma masu muhimmancin kasuwanci. Wannan ya hada da [[dawa]], [[masara]], [[shinkafa]], [[wake]], [[gero]], benieed, wake, gyada, bambara goro, 'ya'yan citrus, mangwaro, cashew, abarba, guava, dabino, wake karfe, [[barkono]] da [[rogo]]. Daga cikin wadannan, karamar hukumar na daya daga cikin manyan masu noman dawa, [[barkono]], kankana, benieed, masara, masara da kuma rogo a jihar. Wadannan damar aikin noma suna da ikon tallafawa masana'antun da ke da alaƙa da aikin gona kamar niƙan shinkafa, sarrafa ƙwayar dabino, sarrafa garri, sarrafa ruwan 'ya'yan itace, gidan burodi, injinan mai, sarrafa abinci, aikin katako da yumbu. An riga an sami yanayi mai dacewa don saka hannun jari a waɗannan yankuna tare da abubuwan more rayuwa kamar samar da wutar lantarki a manyan garuruwa biyu na Ugbokpo, hedkwatar karamar hukuma da Iga-Okpoya, da sauran wurare kamar Odugbo, Ebugodo, Oba, Obinda, Angwa da Ikampo. Akwai kuma samar da ruwan famfo a Ugbokpo. Rafukan Ochekwu da Okpokwu da ke ta kwararowa suna tafiya cikin tsawon karamar hukumar. Wadannan, ko shakka babu isassun hanyoyin samar da ruwan sha ga duk wani harkar masana'antu da aka kafa a karamar hukumar. Al’ummar karamar hukumar, baya ga noma, suna yin ciniki. Kasuwannin da ke Ugbokpo, Ikobi, Iga-Okpaya, Odugbo, Oiji, Ofoke, Oba Alifeti, Idada, Ojantelle, Edikwu-Icho da Ogbobi sune wuraren kasuwancin kudan zuma a ranakun kasuwa. Bayan haka, wa] annan wuraren suna girma zuwa sanannun cibiyoyin kasuwanci saboda haka kasuwancin yau da kullun da ke gudana a can. A matsayin wani kyakkyawan mataki na bunkasa harkokin kasuwanci a yankin, majalisar karamar hukumar ta shiga aikin gina hanyoyin ciyar da ruwa da magudanan ruwa da magudanan ruwa. Wannan, ko shakka babu, zai yi nisa wajen juya tattalin arzikin yankin. Manufar ita ce a mayar da Ugbokpo zuwa hedikwatar karamar hukuma ta gaskiya. Bugu da kari, dimbin albarkatun dazuzzukan dake cikin karamar hukumar na kara habaka kasuwancin katako a yankin. [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] == Tarihi == Asalin yankin Apa ya samo tun kafin zamanin mulkin mallaka, domin a tarihi yankin yana daga cikin tsoffin ƙasashen al’ummar Idoma waɗanda suka mamaye yankin tsakiyar kwarin [[Kogin Benue]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.idomaland.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/the_alekwu_festival.pdf |title=The Alekwu Festival among the Idoma of Central Nigeria |publisher=Idomaland |accessdate=2025-10-19}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} b0hol0zkl1ark5qgd0gy3kdrkjuq8un 0 9544 843059 250792 2026-05-30T06:14:49Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843059 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Buruku''' daya ne daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Harsuna == Harsunan da ake magana da su a Ƙaramar Hukumar Buruku sun haɗa da Etulo, Tiv da Hausa, tare da wasu harsuna daban.<ref name="Etulo-grammar">{{cite book |last=Ezenwafor-Afuecheta |first=Chikelu I. |title=Grammar of Etulo: A Niger-Congo (Idomoid) Language |publisher=Open Book Publishers |publication-place=Cambridge, UK |volume=1 |date=2025 |isbn=978-1-80511-597-7 |doi=10.11647/obp.0467 |doi-access=free |url=https://www.openbookpublishers.com/books/10.11647/obp.0467}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] pvs169c3oavdu8mak2ouxilpjs9zhdt 0 9545 843065 441088 2026-05-30T06:18:10Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843065 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Guma''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Tattalin Arziki == Babban hanyar samun kuɗaɗen shiga ga mazauna Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma ita ce noma, kuma ana samar da amfanin gona iri-iri kamar shinkafa, doya, rogo da masara a manyan adadi. Yankin kuma na da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai irin su gishiri, zinc da barite. Bugu da ƙari, Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma na da kasuwanni da dama inda ake saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri, ciki har da Kasuwar Abinsi da Kasuwar Agasha. Sana’o’in ƙira da aikin kafinta ma na daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin tattalin arzikin al’ummar Ƙaramar Hukumar Guma.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Guma Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/161/guma |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] hv2brmtbqh8y3rz9mdggpxujtlzn6im 0 9546 843087 327478 2026-05-30T06:25:22Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843087 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Konshisha:''' Daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomin]] [[Benue (kogi)|jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nigeria |first=Media |date=2022-02-22 |title=History Of Konshisha LGA, Benue State |url=https://www.medianigeria.com/history-of-konshisha-lga-benue-state/ |access-date=2022-09-15 |website=Media Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] pbvn2nikaduyn89htaey35s8acrerz8 0 9547 843092 441074 2026-05-30T06:26:58Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kwande''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Yanayi == Kwande na da yanayi mai zafi irin na yankunan tropics, tare da dogon lokacin damina mai ɗauke da yawan danshin iska da kuma lokacin rani wanda iskar Harmattan ke tasiri a kai. Yawan ruwan saman shekara yana tsakanin milimita 1,300 (inci 51) zuwa milimita 1,900 (inci 75), yayin da zafin jiki yakan kasance tsakanin 21°C (70°F) zuwa 32°C (90°F).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Weather Dallas|url=https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/week/dallas_united-states_4684888|website=meteoblue|date=2025-11-28|access-date=2025-11-28|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Climate data for cities worldwide - Climate-Data.org|url=http://climate-data.org/|website=.climate-data.org|access-date=2025-11-28|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20141006173530/http://climate-data.org/|archive-date=2014-10-06}}</ref> Lambar akwatin gidan waya (postal code) ta yankin ita ce 982002.<ref>{{cite web| title = Post Offices- with map of LGA | publisher = NIPOST | url = http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx | accessdate = 2009-10-20 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126042849/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/postcode.aspx | archivedate = 2012-11-26}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] jnvcf7r08iw6gzlydoumkfifci956dm 0 9548 843095 441689 2026-05-30T06:28:19Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Logo''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Yanayi == Logo na da yanayin savanna mai zafi, tare da lokacin damina daga watan Afrilu zuwa Oktoba da kuma lokacin rani daga watan Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Yankin yana samun ruwan sama na shekara tsakanin milimita 1,200 zuwa 1,600 ko kuma inci 47 zuwa 63, yayin da zafin jiki ke kasancewa tsakanin 23°C (73°F) da 34°C (93°F).<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Weather Year Round Anywhere on Earth - Weather Spark|url=https://weatherspark.com/|website=weatherspark.com|access-date=2025-11-28}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 5wa65z1ee760s60o4n8ms6s4gulf0oj 0 9549 843111 364328 2026-05-30T06:33:11Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843111 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Obi''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]].<ref>http://benuestate.gov.ng/portfolio/hon-peter-onche-obi/</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://benuestate.gov.ng/portfolio/hon-peter-onche-obi/ | title=Hon. Peter Onche – Obi | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201081055/http://benuestate.gov.ng/portfolio/hon-peter-onche-obi/ | archive-date=2018-02-01}}</ref> {{stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] c4hsei1fgy4oqw28opdhvxmr170955e 0 9550 843145 441076 2026-05-30T06:47:45Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843145 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Vandeikya''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Benue State: Subdivision |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA007__benue/|access-date=2024-02-05 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] ruuh63ca6w46pitnzaxjo57t75qypz3 0 9551 843137 441078 2026-05-30T06:45:42Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843137 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ushongo''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Yanayi == Ushongo na da yanayin savanna mai zafi, inda lokacin damina ke gudana daga watan Afrilu zuwa Oktoba, yayin da lokacin rani yake daga watan Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Yawan ruwan saman shekara yana tsakanin milimita 1,300 (inci 51) zuwa milimita 1,800 (inci 71), yayin da zafin jiki yakan kasance tsakanin 21°C (70°F) da 32°C (90°F).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Climate data for cities worldwide - Climate-Data.org|url=http://climate-data.org/|website=climate-data.org|access-date=2025-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006173530/http://climate-data.org/|archive-date=2014-10-06|url-status=live}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 96papfba82gi8l8uu1i6u37mwxu7ked 0 9552 843134 517767 2026-05-30T06:44:25Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843134 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Wetherby Magistrate Court (25th January 2020) 001.jpg|thumb|garin ukum]] '''Ukum''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Yanayi == Yanayin Ukum ya kasu zuwa yanayi biyu, wato lokacin damina da lokacin rani. Lokacin damina yakan fara daga watan Maris har zuwa Oktoba, yayin da lokacin rani yakan fara daga ƙarshen watan Oktoba zuwa tsakiyar watan Maris. Ukum tana a matsayi na Latitude 7°38'38" Arewa da Longitude 9°33'49" Gabas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Weather in Ukum - accurate and detailed weather forecast in Ukum for today, tomorrow and week. Ukum, Benue, Nigeria |url=https://meteotrend.com/forecast/district/ng/benue-state/ukum/ |access-date=2025-11-08 |website=meteotrend.com |language=en}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] ov5s0h3mq85dgbnhg1l289jd6rbl5ou 0 9553 843132 441109 2026-05-30T06:42:54Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Tarka''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Yanayi == Tarka na da yanayi mai zafi irin na damina da rani, inda lokacin damina yakan fi ƙarfi tsakanin watan Yuni zuwa Satumba, yayin da lokacin rani ke fuskantar tasirin iskar Harmattan daga watan Disamba zuwa Fabrairu. Zafin jiki yakan kasance tsakanin 22°C (72°F) da 33°C (91°F), sannan yawan ruwan saman shekara yana kusan milimita 1,200 zuwa 1,600 (inci 47–63).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Weather Dallas|url=https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/week/dallas_united-states_4684888|website=meteoblue|date=2025-11-28|access-date=2025-11-28|language=en}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] jqeyjhjvvhgxwjat60vne4zqv1cai76 0 9554 843113 512926 2026-05-30T06:34:45Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843113 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ookam Post Office, Orokam Town Ogbadibo LGA, Benue State.jpg|thumb|offishin tuta Sako na '''Ogbadibo''']] '''Ogbadibo''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] dake[[jihar Benue]] [[Nijeriya]]. Ogbadibo  ƙaramar hukuma ce ta jihar Benue, arewa ta tsakiya, Najeriya. Tana da gundumomi uku wato: Orokam, Owukpa, da Otukpa. Hedikwatar Karamar Hukumar tana cikin Garin Otukpa. Tana da faɗin ƙasa da yakai girman 598 km2 da yawan jama'a da suka kai kimanin 128,707 a ƙidayar shekarar 2006. == Manyan yan Najeriya daga Ogbadibo == Tsohon Ministan Noma da Raya Karkara Manomi Marubuci Dan siyasa Audu Ogbeh [[Audu Ogbeh]] [[Cif Steven Lawani]] Tsohon Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Benue Dan siyasa Masana'antar [[Steven Lawani]] [[Manjo Janar]] [[Chris Abutu Garuba]] Soja Tsohon Gwamnan Jihar Bauchi kuma Babban Jami'in Sa ido na Sojoji na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Angola II Chris Abutu Garuba Tsohon Ministan Ilimi kuma marubuci [[Jerry Agada]]<ref>name=https://punchng.com/ex-minister-agada-dies-in-benue-isolation-centre/</ref>  [[Dr Paul Enenche]], Babban Fasto na Cibiyar Bishara ta Duniya ta Dunamis. Lambar gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 973.<ref>{{cite web | title = Post Offices- with map of LGA | work = | publisher = NIPOST | url = http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx | accessdate = 2009-10-20 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126042849/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/postcode.aspx | archivedate = 2012-11-26}}</ref> == Yanayi == Ogbadibo na da yanayi mai zafi irin na damina da rani, inda ruwan sama ya fi yawa tsakanin watan Afrilu zuwa Oktoba, yayin da lokacin rani ke fuskantar tasirin iskar Harmattan. Zafin jiki yakan kasance mai ɗumi a duk shekara, galibi tsakanin 22°C (72°F) da 34°C (93°F), sannan matsakaicin ruwan saman shekara yana tsakanin milimita 1,200 zuwa 1,600 (inci 47–63).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Weather Dallas|url=https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/week/dallas_united-states_4684888|website=meteoblue|date=2025-11-28|access-date=2025-11-28|language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] bl356kq8icwhfuofi44rifd0xc0rxuu 0 9555 843119 490174 2026-05-30T06:38:41Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843119 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Okpoga Post Office, Okpoga town, Okpokwu LGA- Benue State.jpg|thumb|ofiishie ansan baki na Okpokwu]] [[Fayil:Idoma masquerade.jpg|thumb|AL adon Okpokwu]] '''Okpokwu''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|ƙananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Yanayi == Okpokwu na da yanayi mai zafi irin na damina da rani, inda ake samun ruwan sama mai yawa tsakanin watan Afrilu zuwa Oktoba, yayin da lokacin rani ke gudana daga watan Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Zafin jiki yakan kasance tsakanin 22°C (72°F) zuwa 33°C (91°F), sannan yawan ruwan saman shekara yana kusan milimita 1,200 zuwa 1,600 (inci 47–63).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Climate data for cities worldwide - Climate-Data.org|url=http://climate-data.org/|website=climate-data.org|access-date=2025-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006173530/http://climate-data.org/|archive-date=2014-10-06|url-status=live}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] mykrjpmyxynr3a5y6xcavhhgvjyvooj 0 9556 843116 441251 2026-05-30T06:37:28Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Oju''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Oju Local Government Area – I am Benue |url=http://www.iambenue.com/benue-state/local-governments-areas/oju-local-government-area/ |access-date=2023-04-27 |language=en-GB}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] n8otnkvbdxfp1yyw9v319re4s4g0fez 0 9557 843115 446663 2026-05-30T06:36:03Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843115 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ohimini''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan Hukumomin]] [[Jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Yanayi == Ohimini na da yanayin savanna mai zafi wanda ke tattare da lokacin damina mai ɗauke da danshin iska da kuma lokacin rani da iskar Harmattan ke tasiri a kai. Yawan ruwan saman shekara yana tsakanin milimita 1,200 (inci 47) zuwa milimita 1,600 (inci 63), yayin da zafin jiki yakan kasance tsakanin 23°C (73°F) da 34°C (93°F).<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Weather Year Round Anywhere on Earth - Weather Spark|url=https://weatherspark.com/|website=weatherspark.com|access-date=2025-11-28}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] frbs8m7du661eg8nc38xwrb4pqbul5m 0 9558 843073 499481 2026-05-30T06:20:23Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843073 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Anhang. Zur geschichte vom recht des besitzes in deutschland (IA jstor-20648307).pdf|thumb|Takadda akan gwer]] '''Gwer ta Gabas''' wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma]] ce da ke [[Jihar Benue]], [[Najeriya]]. Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana garin [[Aliade]]. Yankin yana da faɗin ƙasa da ya kai kilomita murabba’i 2,294 tare da yawan jama’a da ya kai 163,647 bisa ƙidayar shekarar 2006. Lambar akwatin gidan waya (postal code) ta yankin ita ce 971.<ref>{{cite web | title = Post Offices- with map of LGA | work = | publisher = NIPOST | url = http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx | accessdate = 2009-10-20 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126042849/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/postcode.aspx | archivedate = 2012-11-26}}</ref> Ƙaramar Hukumar tana da gundumomi uku, wato Yonov, Njiriv da Ngyohov. Haka kuma tana da gundumomin zaɓe guda 17 kuma tana iyaka da wasu ƙananan hukumomi guda bakwai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Traditional Institutions and the Management of Communal Conflicts in Gwer-East Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria |url=https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/articles/traditional-institutions-and-the-management-of-communal-conflicts-in-gwer-east-zocal-government-area-of-benue-state-nigeria/ |access-date=2024-12-10 |website=International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science |language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] bjms95vdpr1csm7iap3pyf6kq69uct8 0 9559 843076 441082 2026-05-30T06:21:51Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843076 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Gwer ta Yamma''' daya ce daga cikin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan hukumomin]] [[jihar Benue]] dake a shiyar tsakiyar [[Nijeriya]]. == Yanayin Ƙasa == Ƙaramar Hukumar Gwer ta Yamma tana da yanayin damina da rani irin na yankunan zafi, inda ruwan sama ke sauka galibi daga watan Afrilu zuwa Oktoba. Lokacin rani yana gudana daga watan Nuwamba zuwa Maris, yayin da zafin jiki yakan kasance tsakanin digiri 23 °C (73 °F) zuwa 34 °C (93 °F). Haka kuma, yawan ruwan saman shekara yana tsakanin milimita 1,200 zuwa 1,600 (inci 47–63).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Climate data for cities worldwide - Climate-Data.org|url=http://climate-data.org/|website=climate-data.org|access-date=2025-11-28|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20141006173530/http://climate-data.org/|archive-date=2014-10-06}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Benue]] 5kzip5vdv54vuvrvgzfsbe8ku6d596a 0 9873 843007 416980 2026-05-30T05:34:47Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 /* Jadawali Na Unguwanni da Kauyuka a Karamar Hukumar Ekeremor */ 843007 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ekeremor''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya| Karamar Hukuma]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>ce dake a [[Jihar Bayelsa]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State Government – The Glory of all Lands |url=https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307180732/https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> a shiyar kudu maso kudancin [[Nijeriya]]. <ref>{{Cite web|title=List of Local Governments in Bayelsa State|url=https://nigerianfinder.com/list-of-local-governments-in-bayelsa-state/|access-date=2021-09-16|website=nigerianfinder.com}}</ref>Tana iyaka da jahar Delta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Delta State Government- The BIG Heart |url=https://www.deltastate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |language=en-US}}</ref>Hedikwatarta tana a cikin garin Ekeremor a yankin arewa maso gabas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Area - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms |url=https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/area |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=Vocabulary.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Tana da fadin yanki da ya kai 1,810 km2 da kuma yawan jama'a da ya kai 270,257 a lissafin kidayar shekarar 2006. Lambar akwatin gidan wayarta ita ce 561.<ref>{{cite web|title=Post Offices- with map of LGA |publisher=NIPOST |url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx |access-date=2009-10-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007011423/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx |archive-date=2009-10-07 }}</ref> ==Jadawali na unguwanni da kauyuka== Da akwai unguwanni da kauyuka a karamar hukumar Ekeremor guda ashirin da takwas<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nigeria|first=Media|date=2018-04-18|title=List Of Towns And Villages In Ekeremor L.G.A, Bayelsa State|url=https://www.medianigeria.com/list-of-towns-and-villages-in-ekeremor-bayelsa-state/|access-date=2021-09-15|website=Media Nigeria|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915060612/https://www.medianigeria.com/list-of-towns-and-villages-in-ekeremor-bayelsa-state/|url-status=dead}}</ref>ga su kamar haka: *Aghoro *Aiegbe *Aleibiri *Amabulour *Ananagbene *Angalawei-gbene *Ayamassa *Bown-Adagbabiri *Ebikeme-Gbene *Eduwini *Ekeremor *Feremoama *Fontoru-Gbene *Isampou *Isreal o-Zion *Lalagbene *Ndoro *Norhene *Obrigbene *Ogbogbene *Ogbosuwar *Oporoma *Oyiakiri *Peretou-Gbene *Tamogbene *Tamu-Gbene *Tarakiri *Tietiegbene *Toru-Foutorugbene ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Bayelsa]] sa3b9ddt27my0qbpzyj1u6xzbqpql1n 0 9874 843010 448246 2026-05-30T05:36:23Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843010 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kolokuma/Opokuma''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya| Karamar Hukuma]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>ce dake a [[Jihar Bayelsa]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State Government – The Glory of all Lands |url=https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307180732/https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> a shiyar kudu maso kudancin [[Nijeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=List of Local Governments in Bayelsa State|url=https://nigerianfinder.com/list-of-local-governments-in-bayelsa-state/|access-date=2021-09-16|website=nigerianfinder.com}}</ref> Hedikwatarta tana a cikin garin Kaiama. Tana da fadin yanki da ya kai 361 km2 da kuma yawan jama'ar da ya kai 79,266<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> a lissafin kidayar 2006. Lambar akwatin gidan wayarta ita ce 560.<ref>{{cite web | title = Post Offices- with map of LGA | work = | publisher = NIPOST | url = http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx | accessdate = 2009-10-20 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126042849/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/postcode.aspx | archivedate = 2012-11-26}}</ref> == Yanayi da Ƙasa == Jimillar faɗin yankin Ƙaramar Hukumar Kolokuma/Opokuma ya kai kilomita murabba’i 361 ko kuma mil murabba’i 139, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki da ya kai digiri 26 a ma’aunin Celsius ko 80 a Fahrenheit. Dajin Ƙasa na Bayelsa (Bayelsa National Forest) yana cikin wannan yanki mai yalwar dazuzzuka. Tafkin Efi na daga cikin koguna da tafkuna masu yawa da ke ratsawa ta yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kolokuma/Opokuma Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/150/kolokuma-opokuma#google_vignette |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kolokuma, Nigeria 10-Day Weather Forecast {{!}} Weather Underground |url=https://www.wunderground.com/forecast/ng/kolokuma-opokuma |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=www.wunderground.com}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Bayelsa]] k1iis44a8wtks6zdx2sgfcatavu3mhq 0 9875 843017 448248 2026-05-30T05:40:29Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843017 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nembe''' wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma]] ce da ke [[Jihar Bayelsa]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State Government – The Glory of all Lands |url=https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nembe Local Government Area|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/151/nembe|access-date=2021-09-12|website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana garin Nembe da ke gabashin yankin, a matsayi na 4°32′22″N 6°24′01″E. Al’ummar ƙananan hukumomin Brass, Nembe da Southern Ijaw na Jihar Bayelsa<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State Government – The Glory of all Lands |url=https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> sun yi korafin cewa kamfanonin mai da ke aiki a yankunansu sun yi watsi da su. Sun kuma yi koke kan shekaru masu yawa na malalar ɗanyen mai da suka lalata muhalli, rayuwar halittun ruwa, tare da gurbata iska da ruwa, sannan suka yi kira ga Hukumar Mai da Muhalli ta Jihar Bayelsa (BSOEC)<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Bayelsa State Oil & Environmental Commission |url=https://www.bayelsacommission.org/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=The Bayelsa State Oil & Environmental Commission |language=en-GB}}</ref> da kuma ƙasashen duniya da su kawo musu agaji.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-07-13|title=Oil Spill: Bayelsa communities slam oil firms over neglect|url=https://guardian.ng/news/oil-spill-bayelsa-communities-slam-oil-firms-over-neglect/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-09-18|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Bayelsa]] 7b652lbe3n8ly3ggton8uf9a2naaa9k 0 9876 843023 190439 2026-05-30T05:43:06Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ogbia''' masarautar gargajiya ce kuma [[Ƙaramar hukuma] da ke [[Jihar Bayelsa]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State Government – The Glory of all Lands |url=https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> a yankin [[Neja Delta]] na [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fig1: Map of Ogbia L.G.A, Bayelsa State Showing Study Areas Location of...|url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Fig1-Map-of-Ogbia-LGA-Bayelsa-State-Showing-Study-Areas-Location-of-Study-Area-The_fig1_314892708|access-date=2021-09-12|website=ResearchGate|language=en}}</ref> Hedikwatar masarautar gargajiya da kuma ta Ƙaramar Hukumar tana garin Ogbia a matsayi na 4°39′00″N 6°16′00″E. {{Stub}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Bayelsa]] ryznyykak16j0kv65b20vy49b6m2qsj 843025 843023 2026-05-30T05:43:36Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ogbia''' masarautar gargajiya ce kuma [[Ƙaramar hukuma] da ke [[Jihar Bayelsa]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State Government – The Glory of all Lands |url=https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> a yankin [[Neja Delta]] na [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fig1: Map of Ogbia L.G.A, Bayelsa State Showing Study Areas Location of...|url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Fig1-Map-of-Ogbia-LGA-Bayelsa-State-Showing-Study-Areas-Location-of-Study-Area-The_fig1_314892708|access-date=2021-09-12|website=ResearchGate|language=en}}</ref> Hedikwatar masarautar gargajiya da kuma ta Ƙaramar Hukumar tana garin Ogbia a matsayi na 4°39′00″N 6°16′00″E. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{Stub}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Bayelsa]] 8f3kgk02kh7kycyvv47kiyu37p7i4l4 0 9877 843028 247833 2026-05-30T05:45:11Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843028 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{hujja}} '''Sagbama'''<ref>{{Cite web |last=places |date= |title=Towns & Villages in Sagbama « Bayelsa State « Nigeria. |url=https://townsvillages.com/ng/sagbama/ |access-date=2022-03-05 |website=Towns & Villages |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php |access-date=2022-03-09 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> ce dake a [[jihar Bayelsa]] a shiyar kudu maso kudancin [[Nijeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/topics/c5qvpq9d50nt |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=BBC News Pidgin}}</ref> [[Nigeria|Southern part of Nigeria]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-07|title=Bayelsa State|url=https://www.nipc.gov.ng/nigeria-states/bayelsa-state/|access-date=2021-09-15|website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission|language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Bayelsa]] [[Category:Mukaloli marasa hujja]] 9g51yihptygjgmrkvac5of1jx686341 843029 843028 2026-05-30T05:45:27Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Sagbama'''<ref>{{Cite web |last=places |date= |title=Towns & Villages in Sagbama « Bayelsa State « Nigeria. |url=https://townsvillages.com/ng/sagbama/ |access-date=2022-03-05 |website=Towns & Villages |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php |access-date=2022-03-09 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> ce dake a [[jihar Bayelsa]] a shiyar kudu maso kudancin [[Nijeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/topics/c5qvpq9d50nt |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=BBC News Pidgin}}</ref> [[Nigeria|Southern part of Nigeria]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-07|title=Bayelsa State|url=https://www.nipc.gov.ng/nigeria-states/bayelsa-state/|access-date=2021-09-15|website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission|language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Bayelsa]] [[Category:Mukaloli marasa hujja]] o2qr2t5jn5sij1iynp4snj2wb48ig0x 0 9878 843031 268965 2026-05-30T05:46:35Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843031 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Southern Ijaw''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya| Karamar Hukuma]] ce dake a [[Jihar Bayelsa]] a shiyar kudu maso kudancin [[Nijeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State Government – The Glory of all Lands |url=https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Southern Ijaw Local Government Area – Channels Television|url=https://www.channelstv.com/tag/southern-ijaw-local-government-area/|access-date=2021-09-17}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Bayelsa]] 0b4j7t4z0jm32s277ecr1wxxq2hid47 0 10267 842871 676257 2026-05-29T23:04:35Z Kepler-1229b 27902 842871 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language|name=Tɔli|region=|familycolor=Niger-Congo|fam2=[[Atlantic–Congo languages|Atlantic–Congo]]|fam3=[[Volta–Niger languages|Volta–Niger]]|fam4=[[Gbe languages|Gbe]]|fam5=[[Phla–Pherá languages|Phla–Pherá]]|glotto=toli1243|glottorefname=Toli}}'''Toli''' yare ne na Gbe na ƙasar [[Benin]] . Ethnologue ya ƙidaya shi da Alada a matsayin yarukan [[Harshen Gun|Gun]], to amma Capo a shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da tamanin da takwas (1988) ya ɗauke shi ɗaya daga cikin yarukan Phla-Pherá. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 09krs2ahld2kbnkm1pwd1ufmidlk4ly 0 11031 842698 448281 2026-05-29T19:14:50Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 An kirkira ta fassara "Economy" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352933096|Aguata]]" 842698 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Aguata''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce dake a jihar [[Anambra]] a shiyar kudu maso gabashin [[Nijeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=List of Local Governments in Anambra State|url=https://nigerianfinder.com/list-of-local-governments-in-anambra-state/|access-date=2021-09-10|website=nigerianfinder.com}}</ref> {{Stub}} == Tattalin arziki == A wannan yanki, noma domin biyan buƙatun yau da kullum na daga cikin manyan ayyukan tattalin arziki. Kasuwannin <nowiki>'''</nowiki>Eke<nowiki>'''</nowiki> da <nowiki>'''</nowiki>Nkwo<nowiki>'''</nowiki> kuma suna zama cibiyoyin musayar kayayyaki da ayyuka iri-iri tsakanin jama’a. Haka kuma, akwai kamfanoni da cibiyoyi masu yawa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Aguata, ciki har da otal-otal, cibiyoyin kuɗi musamman bankunan microfinance, da sauran harkokin kasuwanci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aguata Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/107/aguata |access-date=4 October 2023 |website=manpower.com.ng}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aguata}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] 80koidzsqhtyax5jiotoxla16ltit3z 0 11033 842925 516161 2026-05-30T04:37:56Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:SC-82 (1926).svg|thumb|Arewa awka]] '''Awka ta Arewa''' wata Ƙaramar Hukuma ce da ke Jihar [[Anambra]], a yankin tsakiyar kudancin [[Nijeriya]]. Garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Awba Ofemili, Ugbenu, Ugbene, Ebenebe, Achalla (babban birni), Urum, Amansea, Amanuke, Isu Aniocha da Mgbakwu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Central Senatorial District |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/anambra-central-senatorial-district/ |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US |access-date=2020-05-26}}</ref> Wannan Ƙaramar Hukuma tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Arewa a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana [[Achalla]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 112,192.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Awka ta Arewa}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] 9x2wwyj0id4xd8i3hkrr0hyneygyam8 842926 842925 2026-05-30T04:40:37Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:SC-82 (1926).svg|thumb|Arewa awka]] '''Awka ta Arewa''' wata Ƙaramar Hukuma ce da ke Jihar [[Anambra]], a yankin tsakiyar kudancin [[Nijeriya]]. Garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Awba Ofemili, Ugbenu, Ugbene, Ebenebe, Achalla (babban birni), Urum, Amansea, Amanuke, Isu Aniocha da Mgbakwu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Central Senatorial District |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/anambra-central-senatorial-district/ |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US |access-date=2020-05-26}}</ref> Wannan Ƙaramar Hukuma tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Arewa a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana [[Achalla]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 112,192.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> == Ƙasa da Yanayi == Yankin Ƙaramar Hukumar Awka ta Arewa yana fuskantar yanayi biyu mabambanta, wato damina da kuma rani, tare da kiyasin yawan ruwan sama da ya kai milimita 2950. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na yankin ya kai digiri 27 a ma’aunin Celsius, yayin da matsakaicin danshin iska a Awka ta Arewa ya kai kashi 70 cikin 100.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Awka North Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/112/awka-north |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayi == A lokacin damina, yanayin Awka ta Arewa yakan kasance mai ɗumi, mai yawan gajimare kuma wani lokaci mara daɗin yanayi, yayin da lokacin rani yakan kasance mai zafi, danshi da kuma ɗan yawan gajimare a wasu lokuta. Yawan zafin jikin yankin yakan sauya a lokuta daban-daban na shekara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Awka Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/55058/Average-Weather-in-Awka-Nigeria-Year-Round |access-date=2022-12-23 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref> == Tattalin Arziki == Ana noma amfanin gona iri-iri a Ƙaramar Hukumar Awka ta Arewa, ciki har da shinkafa, doya, rogo da masara, kuma noma na daga cikin manyan ginshiƙan tattalin arzikin yankin. Baya ga kasuwanci, mazauna Awka ta Arewa suna kuma gudanar da harkokin kamun kifi a koguna da rafukan yankin. Kasuwanni irin su na Eke Awka da Aforigwe suna zama manyan cibiyoyin ciniki da musayar kayayyaki da ayyuka iri-iri.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Awka North Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/112/awka-north |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Awka ta Arewa}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] 5kt3kxclxdlucfmm4j5d7gd44mrvz7k 0 11034 842927 494496 2026-05-30T04:48:21Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 An kirkira ta fassara "__LEAD_SECTION__" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352845845|Awka South]]" 842927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:General Post Office Awka, Awka South, Awka South.jpg|thumb|hoton karamar hulumar auta]] '''Awka ta Kudu''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|haramar hukuma]] ce dake a jihar [[Anambra]] a shiyar kudu maso gabashin [[Nijeriya]]. {{Stub}} '''Awka ta Kudu''' wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma|Ƙaramar Hukuma]] ce da ke Jihar [[Anambra]], a [[Najeriya|Nijeriya]]. Ƙaramar hukumar ta ƙunshi garuruwa tara, wato Amawbia, Awka, Ezinato, Isiagu, Mbaukwu, Nibo, Nise, Okpuno da Umuawulu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Postcodes.NG - Rural Areas in Awka South L.G.A. |url=http://postcodes.naijaz.com/directory/states/anambra/lgas/awka-south/ruralAreas |access-date=2025-06-29 |website=postcodes.naijaz.com}}</ref> Awka ta Kudu tana ƙarƙashin [[Majalisar dattawa ta arewacin Anambra|mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Arewa]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Akwai manyan tituna uku da suka ratsa yankin, waɗanda suka haɗa da Zik Avenue, Works Road da Arthur Eze Avenue.<ref>{{Cite web |title=OBI CONTINUES TO MAKE IMPACT IN AWKA |url=http://www.nigerianbestforum.com/blog/obi-continues-to-make-impact-in-awka/}}</ref> A da, mutanen Awka ta Kudu sun shahara sosai wajen sana’ar ƙira da sarrafa ƙarfe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Headliners |date=2022-01-02 |title=Build blacksmith village in Awka, Monarch tells Anambra, Federal govts {{!}} Nigeria News Headlines Today |url=https://www.newsheadlines.com.ng/vanguard-newspaper/2022/01/02/build-blacksmith-village-in-awka-monarch-tells-anambra-federal-govts/ |access-date=2022-09-29 |language=en-US}}</ref> A yau kuma ana girmama su a tsakanin al’ummar Igbo na Najeriya saboda ƙwarewarsu a fannoni na fasaha da kasuwanci. Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 189,654.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> '''Awka''' wani gari ne da ke cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Awka ta Kudu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nigeria |first=Media |date=2018-04-18 |title=List Of Towns And Villages In Awka South L.G.A, Anambra State |url=https://www.medianigeria.com/list-of-towns-and-villages-in-awka-south-anambra-state/ |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=Media Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce cibiyar gwamnatin jihar kuma tana da fitattun mutane da dama a ciki da wajen Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State – SEREDEC |url=https://southeast.ng/the-region/anambra-state/ |access-date=2023-06-25 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Amawbia kuma ita ce cibiyar gidan gwamnatin jihar, wato gidan gwamna da kuma gidan yarin jihar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ene |date=2022-08-31 |title=Towns & Villages in Akwa South « Anambra State « Nigeria. |url=https://townsvillages.com/ng/akwa-south/ |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=Towns & Villages |language=en-US}}</ref> Garin Nise yana da muhimman cibiyoyi irin su babban ofishin WAEC (West African Examinations Council) na jihar da kuma St. Paul University College. Al’ummar Isiagu wata gari ce da ke cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Awka ta Kudu. Yankin yana daga cikin wuraren noma a jihar saboda yalwar ƙasa mai ni’ima da ta dace da noma. Ana kuma kallonsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin garuruwan yankin kudu maso gabashin Najeriya (ƙasar Igbo). Al’ummar Isiagu sun taɓa samun sarakunan gargajiya guda biyu kacal zuwa yanzu. Sarkin gargajiyar yankin na yanzu shi ne Igwe Augustine Nwankwo, wanda ake kira Igwe Agu I na Isiagu. Isiagu na da makarantu firamare guda biyu da makarantar sakandare guda ɗaya. Garin ya shahara da zaman lafiya da kuma ƙarfi wajen kiyaye al’adu da gargajiyarsa, kuma har zuwa yau al’ummar Isiagu suna ci gaba da riƙe al’adunsu da gargajiyarsu. ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Awka ta Kudu}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] icpix5axfgj5qe77chmc21slcqim6vw 842928 842927 2026-05-30T04:49:01Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:General Post Office Awka, Awka South, Awka South.jpg|thumb|hoton karamar hulumar auta]] {{Stub}} '''Awka ta Kudu''' wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma|Ƙaramar Hukuma]] ce da ke Jihar [[Anambra]], a [[Najeriya|Nijeriya]]. Ƙaramar hukumar ta ƙunshi garuruwa tara, wato Amawbia, Awka, Ezinato, Isiagu, Mbaukwu, Nibo, Nise, Okpuno da Umuawulu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Postcodes.NG - Rural Areas in Awka South L.G.A. |url=http://postcodes.naijaz.com/directory/states/anambra/lgas/awka-south/ruralAreas |access-date=2025-06-29 |website=postcodes.naijaz.com}}</ref> Awka ta Kudu tana ƙarƙashin [[Majalisar dattawa ta arewacin Anambra|mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Arewa]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Akwai manyan tituna uku da suka ratsa yankin, waɗanda suka haɗa da Zik Avenue, Works Road da Arthur Eze Avenue.<ref>{{Cite web |title=OBI CONTINUES TO MAKE IMPACT IN AWKA |url=http://www.nigerianbestforum.com/blog/obi-continues-to-make-impact-in-awka/}}</ref> A da, mutanen Awka ta Kudu sun shahara sosai wajen sana’ar ƙira da sarrafa ƙarfe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Headliners |date=2022-01-02 |title=Build blacksmith village in Awka, Monarch tells Anambra, Federal govts {{!}} Nigeria News Headlines Today |url=https://www.newsheadlines.com.ng/vanguard-newspaper/2022/01/02/build-blacksmith-village-in-awka-monarch-tells-anambra-federal-govts/ |access-date=2022-09-29 |language=en-US}}</ref> A yau kuma ana girmama su a tsakanin al’ummar Igbo na Najeriya saboda ƙwarewarsu a fannoni na fasaha da kasuwanci. Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 189,654.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> '''Awka''' wani gari ne da ke cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Awka ta Kudu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nigeria |first=Media |date=2018-04-18 |title=List Of Towns And Villages In Awka South L.G.A, Anambra State |url=https://www.medianigeria.com/list-of-towns-and-villages-in-awka-south-anambra-state/ |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=Media Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce cibiyar gwamnatin jihar kuma tana da fitattun mutane da dama a ciki da wajen Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State – SEREDEC |url=https://southeast.ng/the-region/anambra-state/ |access-date=2023-06-25 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Amawbia kuma ita ce cibiyar gidan gwamnatin jihar, wato gidan gwamna da kuma gidan yarin jihar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ene |date=2022-08-31 |title=Towns & Villages in Akwa South « Anambra State « Nigeria. |url=https://townsvillages.com/ng/akwa-south/ |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=Towns & Villages |language=en-US}}</ref> Garin Nise yana da muhimman cibiyoyi irin su babban ofishin WAEC (West African Examinations Council) na jihar da kuma St. Paul University College. Al’ummar Isiagu wata gari ce da ke cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Awka ta Kudu. Yankin yana daga cikin wuraren noma a jihar saboda yalwar ƙasa mai ni’ima da ta dace da noma. Ana kuma kallonsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin garuruwan yankin kudu maso gabashin Najeriya (ƙasar Igbo). Al’ummar Isiagu sun taɓa samun sarakunan gargajiya guda biyu kacal zuwa yanzu. Sarkin gargajiyar yankin na yanzu shi ne Igwe Augustine Nwankwo, wanda ake kira Igwe Agu I na Isiagu. Isiagu na da makarantu firamare guda biyu da makarantar sakandare guda ɗaya. Garin ya shahara da zaman lafiya da kuma ƙarfi wajen kiyaye al’adu da gargajiyarsa, kuma har zuwa yau al’ummar Isiagu suna ci gaba da riƙe al’adunsu da gargajiyarsu. ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Awka ta Kudu}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] bd193sw3sjwgmxezyuokxp64lhcdf2f 0 11035 842710 514941 2026-05-29T19:23:48Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 An kirkira ta fassara "Economy" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352846013|Anambra East]]" 842710 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Anambra.jpg|thumb|Gidan gwamnatin Anambra]] [[Fayil:Nsugbe community 02.jpg|thumb|Anambra ta Gabas]] [[Fayil:Nsugbe community 03.jpg|thumb|Anambra ta Gabas wani gari ne]] '''Anambra ta Gabas''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|haramar hukuma]] ce dake a jihar [[Anambra]] a shiyar kudu maso gabashin [[Nijeriya]]. {{Stub}} == Tattalin arziki == Doya, shinkafa, rogo da ƙocoyam su ne manyan amfanin gonar da ake nomawa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas, wadda ta shahara a fannonin noma da kasuwanci. Kasuwanni irin su Kasuwar Otuocha, New Parts Market da Kasuwar Afia Ama suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasa tattalin arzikin yankin. Baya ga noma da kasuwanci, Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas tana kuma da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai, musamman bayan gano dimbin ɗanyen mai a garin Aguleri.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra East Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/109/anambra-east |access-date=5 October 2023 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Anambra ta Gabas}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] aflg4bmccaici9by5m5xkz6f1c1xndx 842755 842710 2026-05-29T20:44:42Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352846013|Anambra East]]" 842755 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> {{Infobox settlement|official_name=Anambra East|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]]|motto=|image_skyline=|imagesize=|image_caption=|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=|pushpin_map_caption=|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name={{flag|Nigeria}}|subdivision_type1=[[States of Nigeria|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Anambra State]]|subdivision_type2=Capital|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Local Government]]|leader_title=Local Government Chairman|leader_name=Ifeanyi Chiweze<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nigerianleaders.com/local-government-areas-anambra-state-chairmen/|title=List Of Local Government Areas In Anambra State, And Their Chairmen|date=27 September 2024}}</ref>|established_title=|established_date=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=616.4|area_land_km2=|population_as_of=2022|population_footnotes=<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State: Subdivision |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/|access-date=2024-02-05 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>|population_note=|population_total=659,380|population_density_km2=auto|timezone=[[West Africa Time|WAT]]|utc_offset=+1|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|coordinates={{coord|format=dms|display=inline,title}}|mapframe=yes|mapframe-zoom=9|mapframe-wikidata=yes|mapframe-marker=village|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=|postal_code=|area_code=|blank_name=|blank_info=|website=|footnotes=}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Infobox settlement/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Anambra Gabas</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]]</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<mapframe zoom="9" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="250">[ {"properties":{"title":"Anambra East","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":2,"fill":"#606060"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q3509614"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":2,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Anambra East"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q3509614"}, {"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[6.86283945,6.3356799],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#5E74F3","title":"Anambra East","marker-symbol":"village"}} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption">Taswirar hulɗa ta Gabashin Anambra</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Hanyar daidaitawa: 6°20′08′′N 6°51′46′′E / 6.3356799°N 6.86283945°E / 6.6356799; 6.86283745<indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Anambra_East&params=6.3356799_N_6.86283945_E_type:city(659380)_region:NG-AN <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">6°20′08″N</span> <span class="longitude">6°51′46″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">6.3356799°N 6.86283945°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">6.3356799; 6.86283945</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |<span class="flagicon nowrap">[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]] </span>[[Nigeria|Najeriya]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[States of Nigeria|Jiha]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Anambra State|Jihar Anambra]] |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Gwamnati<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Irin wannan&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Karamar Hukumar]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Shugaban Karamar Hukumar&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Ifeanyi Chiweze <ref><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="145">[https://nigerianleaders.com/local-government-areas-anambra-state-chairmen/ "List Of Local Government Areas In Anambra State, And Their Chairmen"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="146">27 September 2024.</span></cite></ref> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yankin<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |616.4 km² (238.0 sq mi) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yawan jama'a (2022) [2]<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2022)<ref><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1">[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/ "Anambra State: Subdivision"]. </cite></ref><span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |659,380 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ƙarƙashin jama'a&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |1,070/km² (2,771/sq mi) &nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone|Yankin lokaci]] | class="infobox-data" |[[UTC+1]] ([[West Africa Time|WAT]]) |} <nowiki>'''Anambra ta Gabas'''</nowiki> wata Ƙaramar Hukuma ce da ke Anambra State, a yankin tsakiyar kudancin Nigeria.<ref name=":0" /> Hedikwatarta tana garin Otuocha.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Garuruwan da suka haɗa Ƙaramar Hukumar sun haɗa da: Aguleri, Enugwu Aguleri, Eziagulu Otu Aguleri, Enugwu Otu Aguleri, Mkpunando-Otu Aguleri, Ikem Ivite, Igbariam, Umuoba Anam, Nando, Umueri, da Nsugbe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Local Government Area & Towns |url=https://anambrastate.gov.ng/local-government-communities/ |website=Anambra State Government}}</ref> Yankin na daga cikin Babban Birnin Onitsha (Greater Onitsha Metropolis). Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Tsakiya a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 152,149.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> A Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas, an gano dimbin albarkatun man fetur da iskar gas a bakin garin Aguleri. Shugaban ƙasa ya ƙaddamar da aikin bincike da haƙar man a yankin, kuma kamfanin 'Orient Petroleum Resources' na shirin kafa babban ofishinsa na gudanarwa tare da wani sabon rukunin gidaje a garin Aguleri. A halin yanzu, Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas ta kafa tarihi bayan jirgin sama kirar <nowiki>'''Embraer ERJ 145''' na kamfanin Air Peace ya samu nasarar sauka da kuma tashi daga yankin. Haka kuma, gwamnatin Anambra State ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar fahimtar juna mai darajar dala biliyan biyu tare da kamfanonin '''Orient Petroleum Resources''' da '''Elite International Investment Limited'''</nowiki> domin gina wani birnin filin jirgin sama na ƙasa da ƙasa a Umueri da ke Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra East local government area – Channels Television |url=https://www.channelstv.com/tag/anambra-east-local-government-area/ |access-date=3 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Obiano Signs Two Billion Dollars Airport City MoU |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2017/04/12/obiano-signs-two-billion-dollars-airport-city-mou/ |access-date=25 November 2022 |website=Channels Television}}</ref> == Tattalin Arziki == Doya, shinkafa, rogo da ƙocoyam su ne manyan amfanin gonar da ake nomawa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas, wadda ta shahara a fannonin noma da kasuwanci. Kasuwanni irin su Kasuwar Otuocha, New Parts Market da Kasuwar Afia Ama suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasa tattalin arzikin yankin. Baya ga noma da kasuwanci, Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas tana kuma da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai, musamman bayan gano dimbin ɗanyen mai a garin Aguleri.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra East Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/109/anambra-east |access-date=5 October 2023 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayi == Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas na da matsakaicin zafin jiki da ya kai digiri 27.5 a ma’aunin Celsius (81.5 °F), tare da matsakaicin danshin iska na kashi 79 cikin 100. Yankin na da manyan yanayi biyu, wato lokacin rani wanda ke gudana daga watan Nuwamba zuwa Maris, da kuma lokacin damina wanda yake daga watan Afrilu zuwa Oktoba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra East Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/109/anambra-east |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Shahararrun mutane a Anambra ta Gabas == * [[Willie Obiano]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State Governor |url=https://www.nggovernorsforum.org/index.php/the-ngf/governors/568-anambra-state-governor |access-date=24 February 2023 |website=www.nggovernorsforum.org}}</ref> * [[Tony Nwoye]] * Emeka Idu * HRM Igwe Benneth Izuchukwu Emeka == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{LGAs and communities of Anambra State}} [[Rukuni:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] 1yqnj1fsd7ukai9s413q118rikvw1ps 842759 842755 2026-05-29T20:48:14Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|official_name=Anambra East|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]]|motto=|image_skyline=|imagesize=|image_caption=|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=|pushpin_map_caption=|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name={{flag|Nigeria}}|subdivision_type1=[[States of Nigeria|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Anambra State]]|subdivision_type2=Capital|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Local Government]]|leader_title=Local Government Chairman|leader_name=Ifeanyi Chiweze<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nigerianleaders.com/local-government-areas-anambra-state-chairmen/|title=List Of Local Government Areas In Anambra State, And Their Chairmen|date=27 September 2024}}</ref>|established_title=|established_date=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=616.4|area_land_km2=|population_as_of=2022|population_footnotes=<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State: Subdivision |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/|access-date=2024-02-05 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>|population_note=|population_total=659,380|population_density_km2=auto|timezone=[[West Africa Time|WAT]]|utc_offset=+1|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|coordinates={{coord|format=dms|display=inline,title}}|mapframe=yes|mapframe-zoom=9|mapframe-wikidata=yes|mapframe-marker=village|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=|postal_code=|area_code=|blank_name=|blank_info=|website=|footnotes=}} {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Anambra Gabas</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]]</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<mapframe zoom="9" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="250">[ {"properties":{"title":"Anambra East","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":2,"fill":"#606060"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q3509614"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":2,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Anambra East"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q3509614"}, {"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[6.86283945,6.3356799],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#5E74F3","title":"Anambra East","marker-symbol":"village"}} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption">Taswirar hulɗa ta Gabashin Anambra</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Hanyar daidaitawa: 6°20′08′′N 6°51′46′′E / 6.3356799°N 6.86283945°E / 6.6356799; 6.86283745<indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Anambra_East&params=6.3356799_N_6.86283945_E_type:city(659380)_region:NG-AN <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">6°20′08″N</span> <span class="longitude">6°51′46″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">6.3356799°N 6.86283945°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">6.3356799; 6.86283945</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |<span class="flagicon nowrap">[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]] </span>[[Nigeria|Najeriya]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[States of Nigeria|Jiha]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Anambra State|Jihar Anambra]] |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Gwamnati<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Irin wannan&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Karamar Hukumar]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Shugaban Karamar Hukumar&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Ifeanyi Chiweze <ref><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="145">[https://nigerianleaders.com/local-government-areas-anambra-state-chairmen/ "List Of Local Government Areas In Anambra State, And Their Chairmen"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="146">27 September 2024.</span></cite></ref> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yankin<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |616.4 km² (238.0 sq mi) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yawan jama'a (2022) [2]<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2022)<ref><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1">[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/ "Anambra State: Subdivision"]. </cite></ref><span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |659,380 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ƙarƙashin jama'a&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |1,070/km² (2,771/sq mi) &nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone|Yankin lokaci]] | class="infobox-data" |[[UTC+1]] ([[West Africa Time|WAT]]) |} '''Anambra ta Gabas''' wata Ƙaramar Hukuma ce da ke Anambra State, a yankin tsakiyar kudancin Nigeria.<ref name=":0" /> Hedikwatarta tana garin Otuocha.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Garuruwan da suka haɗa Ƙaramar Hukumar sun haɗa da: Aguleri, Enugwu Aguleri, Eziagulu Otu Aguleri, Enugwu Otu Aguleri, Mkpunando-Otu Aguleri, Ikem Ivite, Igbariam, Umuoba Anam, Nando, Umueri, da Nsugbe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Local Government Area & Towns |url=https://anambrastate.gov.ng/local-government-communities/ |website=Anambra State Government}}</ref> Yankin na daga cikin Babban Birnin Onitsha (Greater Onitsha Metropolis). Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Tsakiya a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 152,149.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> A Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas, an gano dimbin albarkatun man fetur da iskar gas a bakin garin Aguleri. Shugaban ƙasa ya ƙaddamar da aikin bincike da haƙar man a yankin, kuma kamfanin 'Orient Petroleum Resources' na shirin kafa babban ofishinsa na gudanarwa tare da wani sabon rukunin gidaje a garin Aguleri. A halin yanzu, Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas ta kafa tarihi bayan jirgin sama kirar <nowiki>'''Embraer ERJ 145''' na kamfanin Air Peace ya samu nasarar sauka da kuma tashi daga yankin. Haka kuma, gwamnatin Anambra State ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar fahimtar juna mai darajar dala biliyan biyu tare da kamfanonin '''Orient Petroleum Resources''' da '''Elite International Investment Limited'''</nowiki> domin gina wani birnin filin jirgin sama na ƙasa da ƙasa a Umueri da ke Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra East local government area – Channels Television |url=https://www.channelstv.com/tag/anambra-east-local-government-area/ |access-date=3 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Obiano Signs Two Billion Dollars Airport City MoU |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2017/04/12/obiano-signs-two-billion-dollars-airport-city-mou/ |access-date=25 November 2022 |website=Channels Television}}</ref> == Tattalin Arziki == Doya, shinkafa, rogo da ƙocoyam su ne manyan amfanin gonar da ake nomawa a Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas, wadda ta shahara a fannonin noma da kasuwanci. Kasuwanni irin su Kasuwar Otuocha, New Parts Market da Kasuwar Afia Ama suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasa tattalin arzikin yankin. Baya ga noma da kasuwanci, Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas tana kuma da yalwar albarkatun ma’adinai, musamman bayan gano dimbin ɗanyen mai a garin Aguleri.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra East Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/109/anambra-east |access-date=5 October 2023 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Yanayi == Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Gabas na da matsakaicin zafin jiki da ya kai digiri 27.5 a ma’aunin Celsius (81.5 °F), tare da matsakaicin danshin iska na kashi 79 cikin 100. Yankin na da manyan yanayi biyu, wato lokacin rani wanda ke gudana daga watan Nuwamba zuwa Maris, da kuma lokacin damina wanda yake daga watan Afrilu zuwa Oktoba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra East Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/109/anambra-east |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Shahararrun mutane a Anambra ta Gabas == * [[Willie Obiano]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State Governor |url=https://www.nggovernorsforum.org/index.php/the-ngf/governors/568-anambra-state-governor |access-date=24 February 2023 |website=www.nggovernorsforum.org}}</ref> * [[Tony Nwoye]] * Emeka Idu * HRM Igwe Benneth Izuchukwu Emeka == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}} [[Rukuni:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] s189l1rixrryhlym666ti13qp5d1tdt 0 11036 842762 513962 2026-05-29T20:53:28Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 An kirkira ta fassara "__LEAD_SECTION__" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352846109|Anambra West]]" 842762 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Anambra lga map.gif|thumb|Taswiran Anambra Da Yankunan ta ]] [[Fayil:Flag of Anambra State.png|thumb|Tutar Anambra ]] '''Anambra ta Yamma''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|ƙaramar hukuma]] ce dake a jihar [[Anambra]] a shiyar kudu maso gabashin [[Nijeriya]]. {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Anambra ta Yamma}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|6|21|48|N|6|45|7|E}}{{Infobox settlement|official_name=Anambra West|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Local government area]]|motto=|image_skyline=|imagesize=|image_caption=|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=|pushpin_map_caption=|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=[[Nigeria]]|subdivision_type1=[[States of Nigeria|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Anambra State]]|subdivision_type2=Capital|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Local Government]]|leader_title=Local Government Chairman|leader_name=Fidelis Nnazo<ref>https://nigerianleaders.com/local-government-areas-anambra-state-chairmen/</ref>|established_title=|established_date=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=584.1|area_land_km2=|population_as_of=2022|population_footnotes=<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State: Subdivision |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/|access-date=2024-02-05 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>|population_note=|population_total=238,400|population_density_km2=auto|timezone=[[West Africa Time|WAT]]|utc_offset=+1|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|coordinates=|mapframe=yes|mapframe-zoom=8|mapframe-wikidata=yes|mapframe-marker=village|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=|postal_code=|area_code=|blank_name=|blank_info=|website=|footnotes=}}<templatestyles src="Infobox settlement/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Anambra Yamma</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Yankin karamar hukuma]]</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<mapframe zoom="8" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="250">[ {"properties":{"title":"Anambra West","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":2,"fill":"#606060"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q3510446"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":2,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Anambra West"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q3510446"}, {"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[6.728439,6.449473],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#5E74F3","title":"Anambra West","marker-symbol":"village"}} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption">Taswirar hulɗa ta Anambra Yamma</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |[[Nigeria|Najeriya]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[States of Nigeria|Jiha]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Anambra State|Jihar Anambra]] |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Gwamnati<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Irin wannan&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Karamar Hukumar]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Shugaban Karamar Hukumar&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Fidelis Nnazo <ref>https://nigerianleaders.com/local-government-areas-anambra-state-chairmen/</ref> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yankin<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |584.1 km² (225.5 sq mi) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yawan jama'a (2022) [2]<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2022)<ref><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="114">[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/ "Anambra State: Subdivision"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="115">''www.citypopulation.de''<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="116"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2024</span>.</span></cite></ref><span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |238,400 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ƙarƙashin jama'a&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |408.1/km² (1,057/sq mi) &nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone|Yankin lokaci]] | class="infobox-data" |[[UTC+1]] ([[West Africa Time|WAT]]) |} '''Anambra ta Yamma''' wata Ƙaramar Hukuma ce da ke yankin arewa maso yammacin [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]], a [[Najeriya]]. Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana garin Otuocha.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Yamma tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Tsakiya a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra West L.G.A List of towns and villages {{!}} Nigeria Zip Codes |url=https://geo.mycyber.org/nigeria/anambra-west/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=geo.mycyber.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 167,303.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> ot6o5jahk6i85m9dmbz6omvq9euzjq8 842765 842762 2026-05-29T20:55:00Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842765 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Anambra lga map.gif|thumb|Taswiran Anambra Da Yankunan ta ]] [[Fayil:Flag of Anambra State.png|thumb|Tutar Anambra ]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Anambra ta Yamma}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|6|21|48|N|6|45|7|E}}{{Infobox settlement|official_name=Anambra West|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Local government area]]|motto=|image_skyline=|imagesize=|image_caption=|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=|pushpin_map_caption=|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=[[Nigeria]]|subdivision_type1=[[States of Nigeria|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Anambra State]]|subdivision_type2=Capital|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|government_footnotes=|government_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Local Government]]|leader_title=Local Government Chairman|leader_name=Fidelis Nnazo<ref>https://nigerianleaders.com/local-government-areas-anambra-state-chairmen/</ref>|established_title=|established_date=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=584.1|area_land_km2=|population_as_of=2022|population_footnotes=<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State: Subdivision |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/|access-date=2024-02-05 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>|population_note=|population_total=238,400|population_density_km2=auto|timezone=[[West Africa Time|WAT]]|utc_offset=+1|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|coordinates=|mapframe=yes|mapframe-zoom=8|mapframe-wikidata=yes|mapframe-marker=village|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=|postal_code=|area_code=|blank_name=|blank_info=|website=|footnotes=}} {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Anambra Yamma</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Yankin karamar hukuma]]</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<mapframe zoom="8" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="250">[ {"properties":{"title":"Anambra West","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":2,"fill":"#606060"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q3510446"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":2,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Anambra West"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q3510446"}, {"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[6.728439,6.449473],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#5E74F3","title":"Anambra West","marker-symbol":"village"}} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption">Taswirar hulɗa ta Anambra Yamma</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |[[Nigeria|Najeriya]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[States of Nigeria|Jiha]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Anambra State|Jihar Anambra]] |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Gwamnati<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Irin wannan&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|Karamar Hukumar]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Shugaban Karamar Hukumar&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Fidelis Nnazo <ref>https://nigerianleaders.com/local-government-areas-anambra-state-chairmen/</ref> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yankin<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |584.1 km² (225.5 sq mi) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yawan jama'a (2022) [2]<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2022)<ref><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="114">[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/ "Anambra State: Subdivision"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="115">''www.citypopulation.de''<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="116"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2024</span>.</span></cite></ref><span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |238,400 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ƙarƙashin jama'a&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |408.1/km² (1,057/sq mi) &nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone|Yankin lokaci]] | class="infobox-data" |[[UTC+1]] ([[West Africa Time|WAT]]) |} '''Anambra ta Yamma''' wata Ƙaramar Hukuma ce da ke yankin arewa maso yammacin [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]], a [[Najeriya]]. Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana garin Otuocha.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Yamma tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Tsakiya a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra West L.G.A List of towns and villages {{!}} Nigeria Zip Codes |url=https://geo.mycyber.org/nigeria/anambra-west/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=geo.mycyber.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 167,303.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> == Manazarta == gmwipha76uj02dc3y8mkruftupgfwk3 842772 842765 2026-05-29T20:59:50Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842772 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Anambra lga map.gif|thumb|Taswiran Anambra Da Yankunan ta ]] [[Fayil:Flag of Anambra State.png|thumb|Tutar Anambra ]] '''Anambra ta Yamma''' wata Ƙaramar Hukuma ce da ke yankin arewa maso yammacin [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]], a [[Najeriya]]. Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana garin Otuocha.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙaramar Hukumar Anambra ta Yamma tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Tsakiya a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra West L.G.A List of towns and villages {{!}} Nigeria Zip Codes |url=https://geo.mycyber.org/nigeria/anambra-west/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=geo.mycyber.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 167,303.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Anambra ta Yamma}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] to8synh871t7xlys6ywzb9hdm39x9u0 0 11037 842922 507052 2026-05-30T04:28:46Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Agulu Post Office, Nwagu Junction Okpuifite Village, Agulu, Anaocha Local Government Area, Anambra State.jpg|thumb|anaocha]] [[Fayil:Nigeria location map.svg|thumb|taswirar anaocha]] '''Anaocha''' wata [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce da ke [[Jihar Anambra|Anambra]], a yankin kudu maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Aguluzigbo, Agulu, Neni, Ichida, Adazi-Ani, Adazi-Enu, Adazi-Nnukwu, Akwaeze, Nri da Obeledu, yayin da hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar take a Neni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙaramar Hukumar Anaocha tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Kudu a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai mutane 284,215.As at the 2006 census, this LGA has a total population of 284,215 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] 62x59z1ic71g8cf9zjz98037pg8ra70 842923 842922 2026-05-30T04:30:31Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Agulu Post Office, Nwagu Junction Okpuifite Village, Agulu, Anaocha Local Government Area, Anambra State.jpg|thumb|anaocha]] [[Fayil:Nigeria location map.svg|thumb|taswirar anaocha]] '''Anaocha''' wata [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce da ke [[Jihar Anambra|Anambra]], a yankin kudu maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Aguluzigbo, Agulu, Neni, Ichida, Adazi-Ani, Adazi-Enu, Adazi-Nnukwu, Akwaeze, Nri da Obeledu, yayin da hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar take a Neni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙaramar Hukumar Anaocha tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Kudu a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai mutane 284,215.As at the 2006 census, this LGA has a total population of 284,215 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> ==Tattalin arziki== Masana’antar noma a Ƙaramar Hukumar Anaocha tana bunƙasa sosai, inda ake noma dimbin amfanin gona irin su ƙocoyam, doya da rogo. Wata muhimmiyar sana’ar tattalin arziki a yankin ita ce sarrafa itace. Haka kuma, mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkokin kamun kifi da kasuwanci, yayin da fitattun kasuwanni irin su Kasuwar Eke da ke Adazi-Ani, Kasuwar Afor da ke Agulu da kuma Kasuwar Nkwor da ke Adazi-Enu ke taimakawa wajen bunƙasa tattalin arzikin ƙaramar hukumar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anaocha Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/111/anaocha |access-date=4 October 2023 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] svp2a46j0ao8yo5mtj0d736c1uqpey4 842924 842923 2026-05-30T04:33:46Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Agulu Post Office, Nwagu Junction Okpuifite Village, Agulu, Anaocha Local Government Area, Anambra State.jpg|thumb|anaocha]] [[Fayil:Nigeria location map.svg|thumb|taswirar anaocha]] '''Anaocha''' wata [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce da ke [[Jihar Anambra|Anambra]], a yankin kudu maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Aguluzigbo, Agulu, Neni, Ichida, Adazi-Ani, Adazi-Enu, Adazi-Nnukwu, Akwaeze, Nri da Obeledu, yayin da hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar take a Neni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙaramar Hukumar Anaocha tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Kudu a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai mutane 284,215.As at the 2006 census, this LGA has a total population of 284,215 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> ==Tattalin arziki== Masana’antar noma a Ƙaramar Hukumar Anaocha tana bunƙasa sosai, inda ake noma dimbin amfanin gona irin su ƙocoyam, doya da rogo. Wata muhimmiyar sana’ar tattalin arziki a yankin ita ce sarrafa itace. Haka kuma, mazauna yankin suna gudanar da harkokin kamun kifi da kasuwanci, yayin da fitattun kasuwanni irin su Kasuwar Eke da ke Adazi-Ani, Kasuwar Afor da ke Agulu da kuma Kasuwar Nkwor da ke Adazi-Enu ke taimakawa wajen bunƙasa tattalin arzikin ƙaramar hukumar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anaocha Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/111/anaocha |access-date=4 October 2023 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Ƙasa da Yanayi == Ana ganin matsakaicin zafin jiki na Ƙaramar Hukumar Anaocha ya kai digiri 27.5 a ma’aunin Celsius, tare da matsakaicin danshin iska na kashi 79 cikin 100. Yankin na da manyan yanayi biyu, wato lokacin rani wanda ke gudana daga watan Nuwamba zuwa Maris, da kuma lokacin damina wanda yake daga watan Afrilu zuwa Oktoba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anaocha Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/111/anaocha |access-date=4 October 2023 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Emeka Nwokedi]] — jagoran ƙungiyar waƙa kuma darektan kiɗa * [[Peter Obi]] — tsohon gwamnan Anambra State * [[Basil Ezeanolue]] — farfesa a fannin ilimin cututtukan kunne, hanci da maƙogwaro (Otorhinolaryngology)<ref>{{Cite web |title=People - Anaocha |url=https://anaocha.com/people/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241119003006/https://anaocha.com/people/ |archive-date=2024-11-19 |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=Anaocha |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] 6qmkjy121my1szae9e2df02qkio0p9b 0 11038 842929 492097 2026-05-30T04:53:20Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ime-Aba River, Umerum, Ayamelum LGA, Anambra State.jpg|thumb|rafin Garin Ayamelum]] [[Fayil:Major Deity 003.jpg|thumb|babbar hanya zuwa Ayamelum]] '''Ayamelum''' wata Ƙaramar Hukuma ce da ke jihar [[Anambra]], a yankin kudu maso gabashin [[Najeriya]], tare da hedikwatarta a Anaku.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Yankin Ayamelum yana kan iyakar tsakanin Enugu State da Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ayamelum Local Government Area – Channels Television |url=https://www.channelstv.com/tag/ayamelum-local-government-area/ |access-date=2022-03-13}}</ref> Al’ummomin yankin sun shahara wajen samar da abinci. Ayamelum tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Tsakiya a Jihar Anambra, Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ayamelum L.G.A List of towns and villages {{!}} Nigeria Zip Codes |url=https://geo.mycyber.org/nigeria/ayamelum/ |access-date=2025-06-29 |website=geo.mycyber.org}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 158,152.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> Ƙaramar hukumar na da ƙarfin tattalin arziki da damar noma waɗanda za su iya samar da kuɗaɗen shiga da ayyukan yi.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-06-09 |title=Anambra 2021: George Moghalu Meets Stakeholders of Ayamelum Local Government Area |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/06/anambra-2021-george-moghalu-meets-stakeholders-of-ayamelum-local-government-area/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-13 |newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Garuruwa irin su Anaku, Ifite Ogbari, Umumbo da Omor sun shahara musamman wajen noman shinkafa. Saboda haka, yankin yana amfana daga hukumar '''Lower Anambra-Imo River Basin Development Authority''' wadda ke taimakawa wajen bunƙasa harkokin noma.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2018-12-26 |title=No road to Anambra's food basket |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/no-road-to-anambras-food-basket/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-13 |newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Sai dai Ayamelum na fama da matsalar rashin hanyoyin shiga masu kyau. Babbar hanyar shiga yankin ita ce hanyar gwamnatin tarayya ta Otuocha–Anaku–Adani, wadda ta daɗe tana cikin mummunan hali. Wannan ƙarancin ababen more rayuwa yana hana mazauna yankin kai kayayyakin amfanin gonarsu zuwa garuruwa da birane.<ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ayamelum}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] qrtfgal0w0epedd2cxepocvsbvyit3u 0 11039 842930 442052 2026-05-30T04:56:20Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dunukofia''' ce dake a jihar [[Anambra]] a shiyar kudu maso gabashin [[Nijeriya]]. '''Dunukofia''' wata [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce da ke Jihar [[Anambra]] , a yankin kudu maso gabashin [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dunukofia Local Government Area, Anambra State |url=https://dunukofialga-anambra.ng/ |access-date=2025-06-29 |website=dunukofialga-anambra.ng}}</ref> Garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Ukpo, wadda ita ce hedikwata;<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Ifitedunu, Dunukofia Umunnachi, Umudioka, Ukwulu da Nawgu. Yankin yana iyaka da Ƙananan Hukumomin Awka ta Arewa, Idemili ta Arewa, Njikoka da Oyi. Dunukofia tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Tsakiya a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dunukofia}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] cmzmua5hjdrxz8ym0i603j6aya6ubm7 0 11040 842931 157151 2026-05-30T04:59:25Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842931 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ekwusigo''' wata [[Ƙaramar Hukuma]] ce da ke Jihar [[Anambra]], a yankin tsakiyar kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Ozubulu, Oraifite, Ichi da Ihembosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ekwusigo Local Government Area |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Ekwusigo-Local-Government-Area/62118/ |access-date=2023-08-13 |website=www.finelib.com}}</ref> Ekwusigo tana ƙarƙashin [[Majalisar Dattawan Anambra ta kudu|mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Kudu]] a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-27 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Admin |date=2018-07-31 |title=Ekwusigo LGA postal/zip codes (Anambra State) |url=https://postcode.com.ng/ekwusigo-lga-postal-zip-codes-anambra-state/ |access-date=2025-06-29 |website=Postcode |language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ekwusigo}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] doggbedvcafrqdmzu75d5fpjlow4j0h 842932 842931 2026-05-30T05:00:12Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ekwusigo''' wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma]] ce da ke Jihar [[Anambra]], a yankin tsakiyar kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Ozubulu, Oraifite, Ichi da Ihembosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ekwusigo Local Government Area |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Ekwusigo-Local-Government-Area/62118/ |access-date=2023-08-13 |website=www.finelib.com}}</ref> Ekwusigo tana ƙarƙashin [[Majalisar Dattawan Anambra ta kudu|mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Kudu]] a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-27 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Admin |date=2018-07-31 |title=Ekwusigo LGA postal/zip codes (Anambra State) |url=https://postcode.com.ng/ekwusigo-lga-postal-zip-codes-anambra-state/ |access-date=2025-06-29 |website=Postcode |language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ekwusigo}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] lr4pz64yte6tkocksvga5s4h4q8fzdb 0 11042 842934 840390 2026-05-30T05:01:50Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 /* Tattalin Arziki */ 842934 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙaramar Hukumar Idemili ta Kudu''' wata [[ƙaramar hukuma]] ce da ke a [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]], a yankin Kudu maso Gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana Ojoto, inda ake da sakatariyar ƙaramar hukumar da Hon. Sylva G. Abasilim, shugaban ƙaramar hukuma na farko da aka zaɓa ta hanyar zaɓe, ya gina. Farfesa Audu Ogbe ne ya ƙaddamar da ginin a lokacin da yake shugaban jam’iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People’s Democratic Party]] na ƙasa, yayin gwamnatin Gwamna [[Chinwoke Mbadinuju]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State Enrolment Centres |url=https://nimc.gov.ng/anambra-state-enrolment-centres/ |access-date=2022-07-21 |website=National Identity Management Commission |language=en-US}}</ref>. An kiyasta yawan mutanen yankin da kusan mutane 159,631<ref>{{Cite web |title=Idemili South Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/117/idemili-south |access-date=2022-07-21 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref>. Garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Akwu-Ukwu, Alor, [[Awka-Etiti]], Ojoto, Nnokwa, Oba da Nnobi.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ovat |first=Michael |date=2023-06-18 |title=Idemili South Council boss advocates clean, green environment in Anambra |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/idemili-south-council-boss-advocates-clean-green-environment-in-anambra/ |access-date=2023-08-13 |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Haka kuma, yankin na daga cikin Babban Yankin Birnin [[Onitsha]]. Ƙaramar Hukumar Idemili ta Kudu tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Arewa a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-27 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 206,816.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> == Ƙasa da Yanayi == Kogin Idemili yana ratsawa ta cikin yankin Ƙaramar Hukumar Idemili ta Kudu mai faɗin kimanin murabba’in kilomita 700. Yankin na da matsakaicin zafin jiki da ya kai digiri 25 a ma’aunin Celsius (ko digiri 77 a Fahrenheit). Yankin yana da yanayi biyu kacal, wato damina da kuma rani. Haka kuma, yankin na da matsakaicin danshin iska da ya kai kashi 69 cikin 100, tare da matsakaicin gudun iska na kilomita 11 cikin sa’a, wanda ya yi daidai da mil 6.8 cikin sa’a.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Idemili South Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/117/idemili-south |access-date=2023-08-13 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Tattalin Arziki == Noma na daga cikin manyan hanyoyin tattalin arziki a Ƙaramar Hukumar Idemili ta Kudu, inda ake noma kayan lambu, [[rogo]], [[doya]] da [[shinkafa]] a yankin. Har ila yau, ƙaramar hukumar tana da kasuwanni da dama, ciki har da Kasuwar Afor ta Nnobi da kuma Kasuwar Ezeihulu. Yankin kuma na ɗauke da otal-otal, bankuna, da cibiyoyi mallakin gwamnati da masu zaman kansu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Idemili South Postal Code {{!}} Post Code {{!}} Zip Code List |url=https://nigeriapostal.com/location/NG-Anambra/Idemili%20South#:~:text=Economy%20of%20Idemili%20South,and%20the%20Afor%20Nnobi%20market. |access-date=2023-08-13 |website=nigeriapostal.com}}</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Obi Cubana]] — ɗan kasuwa kuma fitaccen mai gudanar da harkokin nishaɗi a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2025-04-13 |title=Obi Cubana Turns 50 & Delivers a Family Photoshoot Worthy of a Movie Poster {{!}} See Photos |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2025/04/obi-cubana-50th-birthday-family-photos/ |access-date=2025-06-29 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] i28vdn10bsrj9vxfnmh7onsz2z7nsjx 842935 842934 2026-05-30T05:02:57Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 /* Fitattun mutane */ 842935 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙaramar Hukumar Idemili ta Kudu''' wata [[ƙaramar hukuma]] ce da ke a [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]], a yankin Kudu maso Gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana Ojoto, inda ake da sakatariyar ƙaramar hukumar da Hon. Sylva G. Abasilim, shugaban ƙaramar hukuma na farko da aka zaɓa ta hanyar zaɓe, ya gina. Farfesa Audu Ogbe ne ya ƙaddamar da ginin a lokacin da yake shugaban jam’iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People’s Democratic Party]] na ƙasa, yayin gwamnatin Gwamna [[Chinwoke Mbadinuju]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State Enrolment Centres |url=https://nimc.gov.ng/anambra-state-enrolment-centres/ |access-date=2022-07-21 |website=National Identity Management Commission |language=en-US}}</ref>. An kiyasta yawan mutanen yankin da kusan mutane 159,631<ref>{{Cite web |title=Idemili South Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/117/idemili-south |access-date=2022-07-21 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref>. Garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Akwu-Ukwu, Alor, [[Awka-Etiti]], Ojoto, Nnokwa, Oba da Nnobi.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ovat |first=Michael |date=2023-06-18 |title=Idemili South Council boss advocates clean, green environment in Anambra |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/idemili-south-council-boss-advocates-clean-green-environment-in-anambra/ |access-date=2023-08-13 |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Haka kuma, yankin na daga cikin Babban Yankin Birnin [[Onitsha]]. Ƙaramar Hukumar Idemili ta Kudu tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Arewa a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-27 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Bisa ƙidayar jama’a ta shekarar 2006, jimillar mutanen yankin ta kai 206,816.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> == Ƙasa da Yanayi == Kogin Idemili yana ratsawa ta cikin yankin Ƙaramar Hukumar Idemili ta Kudu mai faɗin kimanin murabba’in kilomita 700. Yankin na da matsakaicin zafin jiki da ya kai digiri 25 a ma’aunin Celsius (ko digiri 77 a Fahrenheit). Yankin yana da yanayi biyu kacal, wato damina da kuma rani. Haka kuma, yankin na da matsakaicin danshin iska da ya kai kashi 69 cikin 100, tare da matsakaicin gudun iska na kilomita 11 cikin sa’a, wanda ya yi daidai da mil 6.8 cikin sa’a.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Idemili South Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/117/idemili-south |access-date=2023-08-13 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Tattalin Arziki == Noma na daga cikin manyan hanyoyin tattalin arziki a Ƙaramar Hukumar Idemili ta Kudu, inda ake noma kayan lambu, [[rogo]], [[doya]] da [[shinkafa]] a yankin. Har ila yau, ƙaramar hukumar tana da kasuwanni da dama, ciki har da Kasuwar Afor ta Nnobi da kuma Kasuwar Ezeihulu. Yankin kuma na ɗauke da otal-otal, bankuna, da cibiyoyi mallakin gwamnati da masu zaman kansu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Idemili South Postal Code {{!}} Post Code {{!}} Zip Code List |url=https://nigeriapostal.com/location/NG-Anambra/Idemili%20South#:~:text=Economy%20of%20Idemili%20South,and%20the%20Afor%20Nnobi%20market. |access-date=2023-08-13 |website=nigeriapostal.com}}</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Obi Iyiegbu|Obi Cubana]] — ɗan kasuwa kuma fitaccen mai gudanar da harkokin nishaɗi a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2025-04-13 |title=Obi Cubana Turns 50 & Delivers a Family Photoshoot Worthy of a Movie Poster {{!}} See Photos |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2025/04/obi-cubana-50th-birthday-family-photos/ |access-date=2025-06-29 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] nwc8t8178yopzr2j3l0i37h88ytc6vh 0 11043 842944 250312 2026-05-30T05:06:43Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ihiala''' gari ne da ke [[Najeriya]], a yankin kudancin Jihar [[Anambra]] kuma yana cikin yankin da ake kira ƙasar Igbo. Garin ya daɗe yana matsayin cibiyar gudanarwa ta [[Ƙaramar hukuma|Ƙaramar hukumar]] Ihiala. Ƙaramar hukumar tana da yawan jama’a da ya kai kusan 430,800. Ihiala na ɗaya daga cikin manyan garuruwan Ƙaramar Hukumar Ihiala, wadda kuma ta ƙunshi wasu garuruwa kamar Amorka, Azia, Lilu, Okija, Mbosi, Isseke, Orsumoghu, Ubuluisuzor da Uli.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mycyberict.com/nigeria_zip_codes/ihiala/|title=Ihiala L.G.A List of towns and villages {{!}} Nigeria Zip Codes|website=mycyberict.com|access-date=2019-01-10}}</ref> Yankin yana cikin belt ɗin noma na jihar. Ihiala tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Kudu a Jihar Anambra, Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-27 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> A halin yanzu, Honorable Paschal Agbodike ne ke wakiltar Ihiala a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reporter |first=Our |date=2024-02-27 |title=Reps committee pledge support for HYPPADEC host communities |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/reps-committee-pledge-support-for-hyppadec-host-communities/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-12-30 |newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Onitsha |first=Emma Elekwa |date=2025-04-25 |title=Lawmaker empowers 2000 in Anambra communities |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/lawmaker-empowers-2000-in-anambra-communities/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2025-12-30 |newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Kowane gari da ke cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Ihiala yana da cin gashin kansa tare da sarakunan gargajiya nasu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Ihiala LGA - Ihiala Local Governtment Area |url=https://ihiala.an.gov.ng/about-ihiala-lga |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625125627/https://ihiala.an.gov.ng/about-ihiala-lga |archive-date=2025-06-25 |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=ihiala.an.gov.ng |language=en-US |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ihiala}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] eoruww9hylp5rlw6ip0vpakzu5p0339 0 11044 842948 635223 2026-05-30T05:08:41Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{hujja}} '''Njikoka''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|haramar hukuma]] ce dake a jihar [[Anambra]] a shiyar kudu maso gabashin [[Najeriya]].<ref>"Njikoka Postal Code | Post Code | Zip Code List". nigeriapostal.com. Retrieved 2023-08-13.</ref> == Ƙasa da Yanayi == Yankin Ƙaramar Hukumar Njikoka na da matsakaicin zafin jiki da ya kai kusan digiri 26 a ma’aunin Celsius (79 °F), tare da matsakaicin danshin iska na kimanin kashi 71 cikin 100. Yankin ƙaramar hukumar na ɗauke da koguna da rafuka masu yawa, kuma yana samun kiyasin ruwan sama da ya kai milimita 2600 a duk shekara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Njikoka Postal Code {{!}} Post Code {{!}} Zip Code List |url=https://nigeriapostal.com/location/NG-Anambra/Njikoka#:~:text=Njikoka%20local%20government%20area%20has,put%20at%20about%2071%20percent. |access-date=2023-08-13 |website=nigeriapostal.com}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Njikoka}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] so738flvehbss3aqpgsi66gdkta95fg 0 11045 842956 712131 2026-05-30T05:12:48Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Street in Nnewi.jpg|thumb|Hoton titi a nwewi]] [[Fayil:A house in Nnewi.jpg|thumb|Hoton wnai gida a Nnewi]] '''Nnewi ta Arewa,''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|haramar hukuma]] ce dake a jihar [[Anambra]] a shiyar kudu maso gabashin [[Nijeriya|a Nijeriya]]. [[Nnewi]] shine gari ɗaya tilo a ƙaramar hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Garin na da ƙauyuka huɗu (ƙananan garuruwa) waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙaramar hukuma ta gari ɗaya, waɗanda suka haɗa da; Otolo, Uruagu, Umudim da Nnewi-ichi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Admin |date=2018-07-31 |title=Nnewi North postal/zip codes (Anambra State) |url=https://postcode.com.ng/nnewi-north-postal-zip-codes-anambra-state/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=Postcode |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Basaraken gargajiya]] na Nnewi- Igwe na [[Nnewi]] - a halin yanzu shine Igwe Kenneth Orizu na 3 wanda wannan gidan sarauta ya fito daga Otolo Nnewi, kuma saboda haka ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin na farko a tsakanin ƙauyuka huɗu. Akwai kuma wasu sarakunan gargajiya a wasu ƙauyuka kuma suna kula da al’amuran gargajiya na garuruwan su, daga cikinsu akwai Obi Nnamdi AC Obi (ogidi) wanda kuma shi ne obi na Uruagu, Obi Umudim Da kuma obi Onyekaba Na Nnewichi. Ta haka ne za a iya tambayar wanene Obi na Otolo a yanzu tunda gidan sarautar Igwe ke kula da al'amuran [[gargajiya]] na nnewi baki ɗaya. == Tattalin Arziki == A matsayin yanki mai bunƙasar masana’antu, Ƙaramar Hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa tana da kamfanonin masana’antu daban-daban da ke samar da kayayyaki iri-iri. Kasuwanci ma yana bunƙasa sosai sakamakon yawan kasuwannin yankin, ciki har da babbar Kasuwar Nkwo Nnewi, inda ake sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri. Ƙaramar Hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa kuma tana da bankuna, otal-otal, wuraren hutawa, cibiyoyin gwamnati da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasa tattalin arzikin yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nnewi North Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/120/nnewi-north |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Ƙasa da Yanayi == Ƙaramar Hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa na da koguna da rafuka daban-daban da ke gudana a cikin yankinta, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki da ya kai digiri 26 a ma’aunin Celsius (79 °F). Yankin yana fuskantar manyan yanayi biyu ne, wato lokacin damina da lokacin rani. Bisa ƙididdiga, Ƙaramar Hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa na da matsakaicin danshin iska da ya kai kashi 72 cikin 100, tare da yawan ruwan sama na shekara da ya kai milimita 2,550 (inci 100)..<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nnewi North Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/120/nnewi-north |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> ==Makarantu== Ga jerin sunayen makarantun sakandare a karamar hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa: # Makarantar Sakandaren ’Yan Mata, Nnewi # Maria Regina Model Comprehensive Secondary School, Nnewi # Nnewi High School, Nnewi # Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Najeriya, Nnewi # Okongwu Memorial Grammar School, Nnewi # Cibiyar Ilimin Mata, Nnewi # Community Secondary School, Nnewichi, Nnewi # Akoboezem Community Secondary School, Uruagu, Nnewi # Sabuwar Era Model Secondary School, Uruagu, Nnewi # Makarantar Shepherd mai kyau, Umudim, Nnewi # Christ The Way School, Nnewi ==Fitattun mutane== * [[Joseph N. C. Egemonye|Joseph Egemonye]], dan jaridan Najeriya * [[Ebele Ofunneamaka Okeke]], tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan Najeriya ==Manazarta== *[http://anambra.gov.ng/cities.htm LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS IN ANAMBRA STATE]{{dead link|date=July 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} dated July 21, 2007; accessed October 4, 2007 {{DEFAULTSORT:Nnewi ta Arewa}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] 3xvqsxy7d11h72j0p9pfjs8mp7mnimn 842958 842956 2026-05-30T05:13:34Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842958 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Street in Nnewi.jpg|thumb|Hoton titi a nwewi]] [[Fayil:A house in Nnewi.jpg|thumb|Hoton wnai gida a Nnewi]] '''Nnewi ta Arewa,''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|haramar hukuma]] ce dake a jihar [[Anambra]] a shiyar kudu maso gabashin [[Nijeriya|a Nijeriya]]. [[Nnewi]] shine gari ɗaya tilo a ƙaramar hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-11-09 |title=List of Local Government Areas in Anambra State with Headquarters |url=https://xplorer.ng/anambra/list-of-local-government-areas-in-anambra-state-with-headquarters/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Xplorer.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Garin na da ƙauyuka huɗu (ƙananan garuruwa) waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙaramar hukuma ta gari ɗaya, waɗanda suka haɗa da; Otolo, Uruagu, Umudim da Nnewi-ichi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Admin |date=2018-07-31 |title=Nnewi North postal/zip codes (Anambra State) |url=https://postcode.com.ng/nnewi-north-postal-zip-codes-anambra-state/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=Postcode |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tattalin Arziki == A matsayin yanki mai bunƙasar masana’antu, Ƙaramar Hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa tana da kamfanonin masana’antu daban-daban da ke samar da kayayyaki iri-iri. Kasuwanci ma yana bunƙasa sosai sakamakon yawan kasuwannin yankin, ciki har da babbar Kasuwar Nkwo Nnewi, inda ake sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri. Ƙaramar Hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa kuma tana da bankuna, otal-otal, wuraren hutawa, cibiyoyin gwamnati da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasa tattalin arzikin yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nnewi North Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/120/nnewi-north |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Ƙasa da Yanayi == Ƙaramar Hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa na da koguna da rafuka daban-daban da ke gudana a cikin yankinta, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki da ya kai digiri 26 a ma’aunin Celsius (79 °F). Yankin yana fuskantar manyan yanayi biyu ne, wato lokacin damina da lokacin rani. Bisa ƙididdiga, Ƙaramar Hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa na da matsakaicin danshin iska da ya kai kashi 72 cikin 100, tare da yawan ruwan sama na shekara da ya kai milimita 2,550 (inci 100)..<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nnewi North Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/120/nnewi-north |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> ==Makarantu== Ga jerin sunayen makarantun sakandare a karamar hukumar Nnewi ta Arewa: # Makarantar Sakandaren ’Yan Mata, Nnewi # Maria Regina Model Comprehensive Secondary School, Nnewi # Nnewi High School, Nnewi # Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Najeriya, Nnewi # Okongwu Memorial Grammar School, Nnewi # Cibiyar Ilimin Mata, Nnewi # Community Secondary School, Nnewichi, Nnewi # Akoboezem Community Secondary School, Uruagu, Nnewi # Sabuwar Era Model Secondary School, Uruagu, Nnewi # Makarantar Shepherd mai kyau, Umudim, Nnewi # Christ The Way School, Nnewi ==Fitattun mutane== * [[Joseph N. C. Egemonye|Joseph Egemonye]], dan jaridan Najeriya * [[Ebele Ofunneamaka Okeke]], tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan Najeriya ==Manazarta== *[http://anambra.gov.ng/cities.htm LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS IN ANAMBRA STATE]{{dead link|date=July 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} dated July 21, 2007; accessed October 4, 2007 {{DEFAULTSORT:Nnewi ta Arewa}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] qhgu3bq5m223spkje4wjkpivtj7j05j 0 11046 842965 442050 2026-05-30T05:16:37Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nnewi ta Kudu''' wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma]] ce da ke yankin sanatoci na Anambra ta Kudu a Jihar [[Anambra]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Yawan mutanen yankin ya kai kusan miliyan 1. Garin Ukpor shi ne hedikwatar Ƙaramar Hukumar Nnewi ta Kudu. Shugaban ƙaramar hukumar na yanzu shi ne Honorable Van George Chinedu Ezeogidi, wanda ya hau mulki a shekarar 2024.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Obianeri |first=Ikenna |date=2024-06-20 |title=Anambra assembly confirms 21 LG transition committee chairmen, councillors |url=https://punchng.com/anambra-assembly-confirms-21-lg-transition-committee-chairmen-councillors/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |newspaper=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nnewi ta Kudu}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] cpwq1u7qveusecp9k0xpiezoo0tjim4 0 11047 842973 488647 2026-05-30T05:18:28Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842973 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Coke market.jpg|thumb|Kasuwan Ogbaru]] {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ogbaru High School, Anambra state.jpg|thumb|Garin Ogbaru ]] [[Fayil:King and kinsmen of ogbaru local government area.jpg|thumb|Sarakuna Ogbaru]] '''Ogbaru''' wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma]] ce da ke [[Jihar Anambra]], a yankin tsakiyar kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana garin tashar ruwa na [[Atani]]. Yankin na daga cikin Babban Birnin Onitsha (Greater Onitsha Metropolis). Ogbaru tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Arewa a Jihar Anambra, Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra North Senatorial District |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/anambra-north-senatorial-district/ |access-date=2025-06-25 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} ==Kara karantawa== *[http://anambra.gov.ng/cities.htm LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS IN ANAMBRA STATE]{{Dead link|date=May 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} dated July 21, 2007; accessed October 4, 2007 {{DEFAULTSORT:Ogbaru}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] cirqgem43aqnfg1spz7yd1cd0931twf 0 11048 842981 182940 2026-05-30T05:21:57Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842981 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Onitsha ta Arewa''' wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma]] ce da ke [[Jihar Anambra]], [[Najeriya]]. Yankin yana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Tsakiya,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma yana iyaka da [[Ogbaru]] a kudu, [[Idemili ta Arewa]] da [[Oyi]] a gabas, sannan [[Anambra ta Gabas]] a arewa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012 |title=Nigeria: Onitsha Urban Profile |url=https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/download-manager-files/Nigeria%20Onitsha%20Urban%20Profile.pdf |access-date=2023-05-25 |website=[[United Nations Human Settlements Programme]]|isbn= 978-92-1-132481-5|oclc=850327118|p=6}}</ref> Onitsha ta Arewa ta fuskanci rikice-rikice da tarzoma iri-iri a lokuta daban-daban,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Polgreen |first=Lydia |date=2006-02-24 |title=Nigeria Counts 100 Deaths Over Danish Caricatures |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/24/international/africa/24nigeria.html |access-date=2023-05-24 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> sannan kuma bala’o’in yanayi kamar ambaliya sun taɓa shafar yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thisday |date=2022-10-11 |title=Residents and Farmers in Anambra, Kogi Count Losses to Massive Floods |url=https://www.arise.tv/residents-and-farmers-in-anambra-kogi-count-losses-to-massive-floods/ |access-date=2023-05-24 |website=Arise News |language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Onitsha ta Arewa}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] efugstuheiyg2c7p7oqsh039w8b9sp1 0 11049 842991 466030 2026-05-30T05:25:37Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842991 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Onitsha ta Kudu''' wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma]] ce da ke yankin sanatoci na Anambra ta Arewa a [[Jihar Anambra]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana Fegge da ke Onitsha.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ene |date=2022-09-03 |title=Towns & Villages in Onitsha South « Anambra State « Nigeria. |url=https://townsvillages.com/ng/onitsha-south/ |access-date=2023-08-13 |website=Towns & Villages |language=en-US}}</ref> Onitsha ta Kudu yanki ne da ya fi karkata ga kasuwanci, tare da shahararrun kasuwanni irin su Kasuwar Ochanja wadda ke jawo dubban masu saye da masu sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Onitsha South Local Government Area |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/124/onitsha-south |access-date=2022-09-27 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> Yawancin kuɗaɗen shiga na Ƙaramar Hukumar Onitsha ta Kudu suna samuwa ne daga harkokin kasuwanci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Onitsha South Local Government Area |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Onitsha-South-Local-Government-Area/62147/ |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=www.finelib.com}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Onitsha ta Kudu}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] tnya5fhcbp1u31q650ipzmp3e4h74ak 0 11050 842993 497406 2026-05-30T05:26:54Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842993 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{hujja}} [[Fayil:Women August meeting officials at Akpu, Orumba North Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria receiving a wheelchair for the maternity in the town.jpg|thumb]] '''Orumba ta Arewa''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|haramar hukuma]] ce dake a jihar [[Anambra]] a shiyar kudu maso gabashin [[Nijeriya]].<ref name="TV">{{Cite web |last=ene |date=2022-09-03 |title=Towns & Villages in Orumba North « Anambra State « Nigeria. |url=https://townsvillages.com/ng/orumba-north/ |access-date=2023-08-14 |website=Towns & Villages |language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Orumba ta Arewa}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] 2pk70p7jihxdwizkcz87yvix95o9sa0 0 11051 843000 260179 2026-05-30T05:31:58Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352856111|Orumba South]]" 843000 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|official_name=Orumba South|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]]|motto=|image_skyline=|imagesize=|image_caption=|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=|pushpin_map_caption=|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name={{flag|Nigeria}}|subdivision_type1=[[States of Nigeria|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Anambra State]]|subdivision_type2=Capital|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|government_footnotes=|government_type=|leader_title=|leader_name=|established_title=|established_date=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=200.3|area_land_km2=|population_as_of=2022|population_footnotes=<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State: Subdivision |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/|access-date=2024-02-05 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>|population_note=|population_total=263,000|population_density_km2=auto|timezone=[[West Africa Time|WAT]]|utc_offset=+1|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|coordinates=|mapframe=yes|mapframe-zoom=9|mapframe-wikidata=yes|mapframe-marker=village|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=|postal_code=|area_code=|blank_name=|blank_info=|website=|footnotes=}}<templatestyles src="Infobox settlement/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Orumba ta Kudu</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]]</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<mapframe zoom="9" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="250">[ {"properties":{"title":"Orumba South","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":2,"fill":"#606060"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q7105169"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":2,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Orumba South"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q7105169"}, {"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[5.990942,5.990942],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#5E74F3","title":"Orumba South","marker-symbol":"village"}} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption">Taswirar hulɗa ta Orumba ta Kudu</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |<span class="flagicon nowrap">[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]] </span>[[Nigeria|Najeriya]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[States of Nigeria|Jiha]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Anambra State|Jihar Anambra]] |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yankin<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |².3 km2 (77.3 sq mi) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yawan jama'a (2022) [1]<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2022)<ref><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="121">[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/ "Anambra State: Subdivision"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="122">''www.citypopulation.de''<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="123"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-05</span></span>.</span></cite></ref><span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |263,000 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ƙarƙashin jama'a&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |1,310/km² (3,400/sq mi) &nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone|Yankin lokaci]] | class="infobox-data" |[[UTC+1]] ([[West Africa Time|WAT]]) |} '''Orumba ta Kudu''' wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma]] ce da ke [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]], a yankin kudu maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Garin Umunze shi ne hedikwatar Ƙaramar Hukumar Orumba ta Kudu. Sauran garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Akpujiogu (Akpu), Umuomaku, Eziagu, Ezira, Ihite, Nkerehi (Umuchukwu), Nawfija, Ogboji, Ogbunka, Owerre-Ezukala, Agbudu, Onneh, Isulo da Enugwu-Umuonyia. Wannan Ƙaramar Hukuma tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Kudu a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> sxaqj141dzuorgwcmmb70y97g03la38 843003 843000 2026-05-30T05:33:30Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 843003 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|official_name=Orumba South|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]]|motto=|image_skyline=|imagesize=|image_caption=|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=|pushpin_map_caption=|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name={{flag|Nigeria}}|subdivision_type1=[[States of Nigeria|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Anambra State]]|subdivision_type2=Capital|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|government_footnotes=|government_type=|leader_title=|leader_name=|established_title=|established_date=|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=200.3|area_land_km2=|population_as_of=2022|population_footnotes=<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State: Subdivision |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/|access-date=2024-02-05 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>|population_note=|population_total=263,000|population_density_km2=auto|timezone=[[West Africa Time|WAT]]|utc_offset=+1|timezone _DST=|utc_offset_DST=|coordinates=|mapframe=yes|mapframe-zoom=9|mapframe-wikidata=yes|mapframe-marker=village|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=|postal_code=|area_code=|blank_name=|blank_info=|website=|footnotes=}} {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Orumba ta Kudu</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]]</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<mapframe zoom="9" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="250">[ {"properties":{"title":"Orumba South","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":2,"fill":"#606060"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q7105169"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":2,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Orumba South"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q7105169"}, {"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[5.990942,5.990942],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#5E74F3","title":"Orumba South","marker-symbol":"village"}} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption">Taswirar hulɗa ta Orumba ta Kudu</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |<span class="flagicon nowrap">[[File:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]] </span>[[Nigeria|Najeriya]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[States of Nigeria|Jiha]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Anambra State|Jihar Anambra]] |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yankin<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |².3 km2 (77.3 sq mi) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yawan jama'a (2022) [1]<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2022)<ref><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="121">[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA004__anambra/ "Anambra State: Subdivision"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="122">''www.citypopulation.de''<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="123"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-05</span></span>.</span></cite></ref><span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |263,000 |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Ƙarƙashin jama'a&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |1,310/km² (3,400/sq mi) &nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Time zone|Yankin lokaci]] | class="infobox-data" |[[UTC+1]] ([[West Africa Time|WAT]]) |} '''Orumba ta Kudu''' wata [[Ƙaramar hukuma]] ce da ke [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]], a yankin kudu maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Garin Umunze shi ne hedikwatar Ƙaramar Hukumar Orumba ta Kudu. Sauran garuruwan da suka haɗa ƙaramar hukumar sun haɗa da Akpujiogu (Akpu), Umuomaku, Eziagu, Ezira, Ihite, Nkerehi (Umuchukwu), Nawfija, Ogboji, Ogbunka, Owerre-Ezukala, Agbudu, Onneh, Isulo da Enugwu-Umuonyia. Wannan Ƙaramar Hukuma tana ƙarƙashin mazabar sanatoci ta Anambra ta Kudu a Jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] hqwbvytjb0ybuj3f3o20nqpneb2e5st 0 11052 842997 498948 2026-05-30T05:29:43Z Muhammadsanijalingo003 45277 842997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Oyi Local Government Area in Anambra State Nigeria.jpg|thumb|oyi wani karaman hukumah]] '''Oyi''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|haramar hukuma]] ce dake a jihar [[Anambra]] a shiyar kudu maso gabashin [[Nijeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra Senatorial Districts |url=https://ccrd.unizik.edu.ng/anambra-senatorial-districts/ |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Centre for Community and Rural Development |language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Oyi}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Anambra]] sueso2b0mylzcr1tlp47kh630xalbti 0 13867 842663 744405 2026-05-29T17:27:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mercy Aigbe''' (an haife ta ranar 1 ga watan Janairun shekaran 1978) ƴar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya, mai bayar da umarni, kuma' yar kasuwa. An fi sanin ta sosai saboda finafinan [[Yarbanci|'yar asalin ku]] ta [[Yarbanci|Yarabawa]] .<ref name="pulse">{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-mercy-aigbe-gentry-pretty-passionate-actress-id3824320.html|title=Mercy Aigbe-Gentry, pretty passionate actress|date=June 3, 2015|author=Ayomide O. Tayo|accessdate=August 9, 2015|archive-date=June 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625023508/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-mercy-aigbe-gentry-pretty-passionate-actress-id3824320.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.naij.com/463296-6-hottest-asoebi-styles-of-mercy-aigbe.html|title=6 Hottest Asoebi Styles Of Mercy Aigbe|author=Ajomole Helen|publisher=Naij|accessdate=August 9, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/style/122-beauty/50709-mercy-aigbe-looks-more-beautiful-without-makeup-photos|title=Mercy Aigbe looks more beautiful without makeup|access-date=2020-05-14|archive-date=2022-11-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122125509/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/style/122-beauty/50709-mercy-aigbe-looks-more-beautiful-without-makeup-photos|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.naija.ng/1163683-mercy-aigbe-children.html#1163683|title=Mercy Aigbe children|website=naija.ng}}</ref> == Farkon Rayuwa == An haife ta ne a 1 ga Janairu shekara ta 1978 a [[Edo|Jihar Edo]]. Ta fito daga garin Benin wanda shine babban birnin jihar Edo. Ita ce ta biyu a cikin yara biyar. Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Maryland Comprehensive Secondary School Ikeja, Legas. Har ila yau, babbar jami'ar [[ Kwarewar Fasaha, Ibadan|Jami'ar Polytechnic ce, Ibadan]], ta [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]], inda ta samu OND, a fannin Nazarin Kudi, sannan kuma [[ Jami'ar Legas|Jami'ar Legas,]] don yin digiri, a Arts theater.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvcontinental.tv/2016/08/04/mercy-aigbes-drama-school-graduates-first-set-trained-students/|title=Mercy Aigbe’s drama school graduates first set of trained students|date=August 4, 2016|website=Television Continental|access-date=2018-10-18|archive-date=2019-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018155132/https://www.tvcontinental.tv/2016/08/04/mercy-aigbes-drama-school-graduates-first-set-trained-students/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.36ng.ng/2016/07/17/mercy-aigbe-starts-film-school/|title=Mercy Aigbe Starts Her Own Film School|last=Braimoh|first=Tobi|date=July 17, 2016|access-date=2018-10-18|archive-date=2022-11-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122124929/https://www.36ng.ng/2016/07/17/mercy-aigbe-starts-film-school/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kulawa == Ta yi digiri a fannin Wasannin Wasan Kwaikwayo daga [[ Jami'ar Legas|Jami'ar Legas]] a 2001, kuma ta shiga masana'antar sosai a 2006. Ta kafa "Mercy Aigbe Gentry School of Drama" a cikin 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/6-times-mercy-aigbe-wowed-us-on-the-red-carpet/|title=6 times Mercy Aigbe wowed us on the red carpet|last=Ewulluh|first=Binyelum|date=July 26, 2016|website=Nigeria Entertainment Today|access-date=2018-10-18}}</ref> === Fina finai === * ''Satanic'' * ''Afefe Ife'' (2008) * ''Okanjua'' (2008) * ''Atunida Leyi'' (2009) * ''Igberaga'' (2009) * ''Ihamo'' (2009) * ''Ìpèsè'' (2009) * ''Iró funfun'' (2009) * ''Mafisere'' (2009) * ''Oju ife'' (2009) * ''Omoge Osas'' (2012) * ''Ile Oko Mii'' (2014) * ''Victims'' (2015) * ''The Screenplay'' (2017) * ''Little Drops of Happy'' (2017) * ''200 Million'' (2018) * ''Second Acts'' (2018) * ''Lagos real fake life'' (2018) == Kyauta da lambar girma == * Ta lashe kyautar mafi kyawun mata a fim din Yarabawa a kyautar City People Awards da aka gudanar a [[Bayelsa|Yenagoa, Jihar Bayelsa.]] * Mafi Kyawun Harshen asalin yare (Yarabawa) (2014) * Mafi kyawun actress a cikin Tallafi (Yoruba) (2010) * Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Nomination Movie Nomination (ba harshe Turanci ba) (2012) * City People Nishaɗin Yar fim ɗin Yara na shekarar (2015)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stargist.com/entertainment/nigerian_celebrity/mercy-aigbes-dress-to-the-amvca2016-has-got-everyone-talking/|title=Mercy Aigbe’s Dress To The #AMVCA2016 Has Got Everyone Talking|website=StarGist|access-date=2018-10-18|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018043104/https://stargist.com/entertainment/nigerian_celebrity/mercy-aigbes-dress-to-the-amvca2016-has-got-everyone-talking/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 'Yan kasuwa na Fashion a shekarar da aka basu kyautar haɗin gwiwa da kyautar Glitz ta Duniya (2015) == Salon shiga == Rahamar Aigbe sanannu ne saboda salon sa da kayan sawa. A yayin [[ Masu Ra'ayoyin Mafificin sihiri na Afirka|Zabi Mai Kyautar 'Yan kallo Masu]] Zikirin [[ Masu Ra'ayoyin Mafificin sihiri na Afirka|Afirka na]] 2016, suturar Rahama Aigbe ta sami kyakkyawar tafi daga masu ruwa da tsaki, kuma ta kan yi amfani da shafukan sada zumunta ko da bayan bikin. An yaba wa rigar ɗin don ƙirar ta musamman. A watan Nuwamban shekara ta 2014, Aigbe ta bude shagon kayanta, Mag Divas Boutique a Legas, sannan ta bude wani katafaren hanyar a Ibadan. An ba ta kyautar ɗan ''kasuwa na Kwallon Kaya na shekarar'' a haɗin gwiwa da lambar yabo ta Glitz ta Duniya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-fans-react-to-this-day-style-snub-id4834779.html|title=Fans react to This Day Style snub|last=Odumade|first=Omotolani|date=March 22, 2016|website=Pulse|access-date=2018-10-18|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018044752/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-fans-react-to-this-day-style-snub-id4834779.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nigerianbulletin.com/threads/photos-actress-mercy-aigbe-wins-%E2%80%98fashion-entrepreneur-of-the-year%E2%80%99-award.163578/|title=[Photos] Actress Mercy Aigbe Wins ‘Fashion Entrepreneur of the Year’ Award|date=January 9, 2016|website=Nigeria Bulletin|access-date=2018-10-18|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018045434/https://www.nigerianbulletin.com/threads/photos-actress-mercy-aigbe-wins-%E2%80%98fashion-entrepreneur-of-the-year%E2%80%99-award.163578/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/08/04/mercy-aigbe-living-her-dreams/|title=Mercy Aigbe Living Her Dreams. . .|date=August 4, 2018|website=ThisDay|access-date=2018-10-18}}</ref><ref>http://www.informationng.com/2018/06/actress-mercy-aigbe-buys-multi-million-naira-house-for-herself-and-her-kids.html</ref> == Rayuwar ta == A shekara ta 2013, Rahama Aigbe ta auri wani fitaccen dan Najeriya mai suna Lanre Gentry, kuma tana da' ya'ya biyu (Juwon Gentry da Michelle Aigbe) da kuma mata uku. A shekara ta 2017, ta raba hotunan kanta bayan da mijinta ya yi awon gaba da ita.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/mercy-aigbe-actress-launches-fashion-store-id3342566.html|title=Actress launches fashion store|last=Banah|first=Namang|date=December 11, 2014|website=Pulse|access-date=2018-10-18|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018043415/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/mercy-aigbe-actress-launches-fashion-store-id3342566.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fabwoman.ng/mercy-aigbe-opens-magdiva-boutique-in-ibadan-fabwoman/|title=Mercy Aigbe Stays Winning As She Opens Boutique In Ibadan|date=March 15, 2018|website=Fab Woman}}</ref> A saboda haka ta rabu da mijinta ne saboda da'awar rikicin cikin gida, kuma ta fara kamfen din. Rahamar Aigbe ta samu sabon gidan da darajarta ta kai Naira miliyan 200 a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref>''Juwon and Michelle'' [[https://www.instagram.com/michelleio__/?hl=en]], [[https://www.instagram.com/juwongentry_lovers/?hl=en]]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-find-out-how-star-actress-keeps-her-marriage-going-id5263883.html|title=Find out how star actress keeps her marriage going|date=July 14, 2016|website=Pulse|access-date=May 14, 2020|archive-date=October 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013211550/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-find-out-how-star-actress-keeps-her-marriage-going-id5263883.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.informationng.com/2015/07/mercy-aigbe-gentry-expecting-another-child-for-new-hubby-photos.html|title=Mercy Aigbe Gentry Expecting Another Child For New Hubby|website=Information Nigeria|accessdate=August 9, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-marks-1-year-since-domestic-violence-attack-id8259492.html|title=Actress marks 1 year since she encountered domestic violence in failed marriage|date=February 16, 2018|website=Pulse|access-date=May 14, 2020|archive-date=October 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013172422/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-marks-1-year-since-domestic-violence-attack-id8259492.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2017/06/29/mercy-aigbe-joins-campaign-domestic-violence/|title=Mercy Aigbe Joins Campaign Against Domestic Violence|date=June 29, 2017|website=[[Channels TV]]}}</ref><ref>http://www.informationng.com/2018/06/actress-mercy-aigbe-buys-multi-million-naira-house-for-herself-and-her-kids.html</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1978]] obo5k8xnzmtu9z09wdxs9qdsbghklar 0 19138 842912 705329 2026-05-30T02:30:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Musa Shannon''' (An haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Agusta,shekarata 1975) shi ne mai kula da [[Kwallan Kwando|kwallon kafa na]] Liberia kuma tsohon dan wasan gaba. Shannon ya taka leda a ƙasar Amurka da Portugal da China; ya kuma fafata a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. == Farko da rayuwar kai == Shannon an haife shi ne a ƙasar Amurka, inda iyayensa 'yan Liberia ke karatu a Jami'ar Syracuse . Shannon ya girma ne a babban birnin [[Monrovia|Laberiya]] na Monrovia, kafin ya dawo kasar Amurka yana ɗan shekara goma sha biyar a cikin shekara ta 1990 biyo bayan ƙaruwar Yakin Basasa na Farko.<ref name="FCAK">{{cite web |author=Juju Johnson |title=Musa Shannon Heads FCAK-Lib |url=http://www.liberiansoccer.com/Musa_Shannon_Heads_FCAK-Lib20071234567.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080404133734/http://www.liberiansoccer.com/Musa_Shannon_Heads_FCAK-Lib20071234567.htm |archive-date=4 April 2008 |accessdate=1 January 2011 |publisher=LiberianSoccer.com}}</ref> == Mai kunnawa == === Mai sana'a === A ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1997, Tampa Bay Mutiny ya zaɓi Shannon a zagaye na uku (na ashirin da takwas gaba ɗaya) na Tsarin Kwalejin MLS na 1997. A 10 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1997, Shannon ya tafi aro zuwa Carolina Dynamo . Ya shiga wasan saura minti biyar ya ci kwallon ya ci kwallon. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://a-leaguearchive.tripod.com/1997/results97d.htm#18 |title=1997 A-League: Week 18 |access-date=2021-03-14 |archive-date=2021-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228145623/https://a-leaguearchive.tripod.com/1997/results97d.htm#18 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin shekarata 2000, ya koma Marítimo a Firimiya Primeira Liga. A shekara ta 2002, ya koma Amurka inda ya sanya hannu tare da Colorado Rapids. A ranar 15 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 2003, Shannon ya sanya hannu tare da Vancouver Whitecaps na USL A-League.<ref>[http://www.liberiansoccer.com/WHITECAPS%20ACQUIRE%20LIBERIAN.htm WHITECAPS ACQUIRE LIBERIAN INTERNATIONAL STRIKER MUSA SHANNON] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323160950/http://www.liberiansoccer.com/WHITECAPS%20ACQUIRE%20LIBERIAN.htm|date=23 March 2012}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyu, sannan aka sake shi. Ya gama aikinsa na kwarewa tare da Ningbo Yaoma a rukunin rukuni na uku na kasar Sin.<ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|pid=28259}}</ref> Bayan ya yi ritaya a matsayin kwararre, Shannon ya koma Amurka don yin wasa a cikin mai son Cosmopolitan Soccer League na Barnstonworth Rovers.<ref>{{cite web |author=Jay Mwamba |date=29 September 2009 |title=Spotlight on Musa Shannon (Barnstonworth Rovers) |url=http://www.firsttouchonline.com/?p=2696 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711004258/http://www.firsttouchonline.com/?p=2696 |archivedate=11 July 2011 |accessdate=1 January 2011 |publisher=First Touch Online}}</ref> === Kungiyar ƙasa === Shannon ya kuma wakilci Laberiya a matakin kasa da kasa, inda ya ci kwallo 1 a wasanni 12 da aka buga tsakanin shekara ta 2000 da shekara ta 2001.<ref name="NFT2" /> == Gudanar da aiki == An nada Shannon a matsayin Shugaban FCAK-Liberia a shekara ta 2008. A shekara ta 2010, an zabi Shannon a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Laberiya.<ref>{{cite web |author=K.N.S Mensah |date=9 December 2010 |title=EXCLUSIVE: LFA Vice-President Musa Shannon Admits Liberian Football Is Under Construction |url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/89/africa/2010/12/09/2253524/exclusive-lfa-vice-president-musa-shannon-admits-liberian |accessdate=1 January 2011 |publisher=Goal.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Musa Shannon at ForaDeJogo [[Category:Haifaffun 1975]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:'Yan wasan kwallon kafa a laberiya]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jr6g88fakpnhtim2q3ylnq6suguvben 14 20016 843050 84611 2026-05-30T06:02:45Z Saad Nuhu 43323 843050 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Templates]] [[Rukuni:Kungiyar kwallon kafa]] [[Rukuni:Dan kwallon kafa]] [[Rukuni:Mai horaswa]] [[Rukuni:Filin kwallon kafa]] [[Rukuni:Alkalin wasa]] [[Rukuni:Hukumar kwallon kafa]] 7d3jp93mbe7sr2tj0uzhkbbosnjtn8l 0 20399 842917 500551 2026-05-30T03:28:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842917 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox ethnic group|group=Kuteb|population=[[Circa|c.]] 602,000|regions=<div style="line-height:1.3em;"> <!-- -->{{flagcountry|Nigeria}}{{spaces|3}}600,000 (2005) <ref>{{cite web |url=http://kuteb.tripod.com/biography.html |title=The Kuteb People |publisher=Geoffrey G. Gania |date=2005 |access-date=12 August 2017 |archive-date=12 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812173543/http://kuteb.tripod.com/biography.html |url-status=dead }}</ref></div>|region1={{flagcountry|Cameroon}}|pop1=2,000 Kuteb|languages=[[Kuteb language|Kuteb]]|religions=[[African Traditional Religion|Kuteb Traditional Religion]], [[Christianity]], [[Islam]] {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2013}} [[File:Benuerivermap.png|thumb|350px|Benue river basin. The main Kuteb region is south of Wukari, west of the [[Donga River]].]]|related=[[Jukun people (West Africa)|Jukun]], [[Atyap people|Atyap]], [[Tarok people|Tarok]], [[Afusari|Afizere]], [[Irigwe people|Irigwe]], [[Bajju people|Bajju]], [[Ham people|Ham]], [[Adara people|Adara]], [[Berom people|Berom]], [[Efik people|Efik]], [[Tiv people|Tiv]], [[Igbo people|Igbo]], [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]], [[Urhobo people|Urhobo]] and other [[Benue-Congo]] peoples of [[Middle Belt]] and [[Nigeria|southern Nigeria]]}} [[Fayil:Kuteb culture.jpg|thumb|Kuteb]] [[Fayil:Historical atlas of India, for the use of high schools, colleges and private students (IA cu31924022983567).pdf|thumb|tarihinsu]] Mutanen '''Kuteb''' (ko Kutep) ƙungiya ce ta [[Yarukan Jukun|yare da yare]] a [[Afirka ta Yamma]], waɗanda ke magana da Harshen Kuteb, yare ne na Jukunoid. Yawancin Kuteb suna zaune ne a [[Taraba|jihar Taraba]], [[Najeriya]] . == Bayan Fage == Dangane da al'ada Kuteb sun yi ƙaura daga [[Misra|Misira]] kusan 1000 AD, daga ƙarshe sun isa inda suke a yanzu kusan shekarar 1510. Mutanen Kuteb an yi su ne daga dangi masu zuwa waɗanda aka yi imani da su Childrenan Kuteb ne; Lumbu, Ticwo, Rufu, Askaen, Bika (Zwika), Ticwo, Rubur, Tswaen, Acha, Likam, Cwumam, da Rucwu. A al'adance suna yin noma, farauta da kamun kifi a cikin ƙasa mai ni'ima da ke cikin [[Benue (kogi)|Kogin Benuwai]] . Mutanen suna bautar gumakan dangi, to amma kuma sun yi imani da wani mahaluki wanda ya halicci duniya kuma ya kawo lafiya, ruwan sama da girbi. Wani babban firist ne ke mulkinsu, Kwe Kukwen, wanda majalisar dattawa da ke wakiltar ƙabilun Kuteb daban-daban suka zaɓa. Wani rahoto na shekara ta 2007 ya ƙiyasta yawan mutanen Kuteb a matsayin kusan 100,000. Mafi yawansu suna zaune ne a cikin [[Takum|ƙaramar hukumar Takum ta]] yanzu a [[Taraba|jihar Taraba]], [[Najeriya]], kodayake akwai 'yan ƙauyukan Kuteb da ke [[Kamaru]] . A ƙarƙashin Turawan mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya, waɗanda suka karɓe iko a wajajen shekrar 1900, Kuteb sun kasance karkashin masarautar Jukun na farko, ko "Aku Uka" na Tarayyar Wukari . A cikin 1914, Turawan ingila sun sanya Kwe Kukwen shi kaɗai ne mai daraja a matsayi na uku a cikin Takum ɓangare na ƙungiyar, tare da taken Kwe Takum. Ya kasance mafi girma a kan sauran mutanen yankin. Wannan canjin ya fusata wasu kabilun Hausawa, Tiv, Chamba, Kukuns da Ichen, waɗanda suka tilasta Ukwe Ahmadu Genkwe barin Takum ya koma wani waje. Ukwe Takum na karshe shi ne Ali Ibrahim, yana mulki daga 1963 zuwa 1996. <ref>Festus Ephraim Senior (2017)"The Kuteb of southern Taraba". </ref> == Siyasa == Babbar jagora ga kowane aiki a cikin yankin Kuteb ya ta'allaka ne da tsarin mulki na Kwe Kukwen, Akwen da Majalisar Dattawa da ake kira Ndufu waɗanda ke wakiltar manyan sanannun dangi da dangi. Kukwen shine Babban Firist wanda yake a Mbarikam, Ikam ko Teekum kuma Akwen sune ƙananan firistoci waɗanda sune shugabannin sauran dangin. Wannan aikin ya fara ne da Kuteb kansa a matsayin babban babban firist / Sarkin Kutebs. Za'a iya zaɓar Kwe Kukwen daga kowace dangi. Koyaya, dole ne, a zaɓen sa, ya zo ya zauna a Teekum (Mbarikam Hill) kasancewar yankin Likam da kuma Hedikwatar Ƙasar Kuteb. Tsarin siyasar Kuteb na gargajiya saboda haka tsarin tarayya ne. Kodayake Kutebs sun amince da girmar Likam, sauran dangi suna da 'yancin cin gashin kansu don aiwatar da ikon wanzar da zaman lafiya, karewa da cimma muradin membobinsu. Koyaya, irin wannan ikon ya ƙare inda maslaha da shirye-shiryen gama gari gabaɗaya za a fara kuma inda aka gabatar da sulhu tsakanin mutane da dangi a gaban Kwe Kukwen. Baya ga rawar siyasa da Kukwen da Akwen suna da matsayi na ruhaniya, nauyi da iko. Matsayin sun samo asali ne daga imanin addini na Kutebs. == Maganar kujerar shugabanci == A shekarun 1970 Takum ya kasance wani yanki ne na tsohuwar jihar Benue Plateau . Jaridar ƙaramar hukumar ta amince da wasu manyan kujerun sarakuna uku a Tarayyar [[Wukari]] na ƙananan hukumomin Wukari, [[Donga (Nijeriya)|Donga]] da Takum, waɗanda 'yan asalin yankin suka zaɓa. Gwamna Joseph Gomwalk ne ya canza wannan dokar a cikin 1975, yana janye haƙƙin Kuteb don zaɓar mai riƙe da Ukwe Chieftaincy stool na Takum daga ɗayan danginsu biyu na masarauta. Yankin Likam / dangi da kabilar Akente. Waɗannan sonsa sonsan biyu ne waɗanda aka caje su da masarautar gargajiya ta Kuteb Nation. Wannan yarjejeniya ce ta gargajiya ta kabilu goma sha biyu na Kuteb Nation. Duk kabilun goma sha biyu suna da nasu UKwe. Koyaya, ana ba da Likabilar Likam da ta Akente damar sake juya babbar kujerar Sarauta a tsakanin su. Kula da ƙabilun biyu don yin mulki a cikin mafi girman mulkin ya kasance tsarin kirkirar tsohuwar Kuteb don kare masarautar Kuteb da kiyaye ikonta daga wasu maharan da canji da kwace al'adu, al'adu da al'adu na musamman na al'adun Kuteb. Wannan yana cikin layi tare da kare kowace kabila ta asali daga halaka da kutsawa ta hanyar masu yaudara. Sabuwar dokar ta ba da damar a zaɓi wani shugaba na Chamba, yayin da ya sanya wani mutumin Jukun shugaban kwamitin tantancewar da sauya tsarin kwamitin ya haɗa da Jukun da Chamba da kuma [[Hausawa|Hausa]] da Kuteb. Wannan keta hakki ne na ƙabilanci da kuma haƙƙin gargajiya na cin gashin kai da kuma hakkin al'adun gargajiya a matsayin mutane. Tabbatarwar ita ce sauya yanayin yanayin Takum, amma sakamakon ya kasance hargitsi wanda ya sa gwamnati ta hana bikin shekara-shekara na Kuchichebe lokacin da ƙasar ta yi albarka don tabbatar da girbi na gaba ya zama mai amfani. Daga baya, an hana yin irin wannan bukukuwa a wasu yankuna na Tarayyar Wukari saboda matsalar da suka haifar. A watan Oktoba 1997, mai kula da mulkin soja na jihar Taraba Amen Edore Oyakhire ya aika da takarda mai suna ''Comprehensive brief on the Chieftaincy Stool of Takum Chiefdom na jihar Taraba'' zuwa ga majalisar masu mulki ta sojoji. A wannan watan an kashe mutane bakwai kuma an ƙone gidaje bakwai a rikicin kabilanci, kuma an kame mutane 31. Oyakhire ya ce duk wanda ake zargi da hannu a rikicin na kabilanci za a dauki shi a matsayin masu bata damar sauya mulki zuwa mulkin farar hula. A shekarar 1998 Gwamnatin Jihar Taraba ta kuma kafa Kwamitin Zaman Lafiya wanda ya yi nasarar sasantawa tsakanin ƙabilun. == Rikici da ke faruwa == Kuteb sun shiga cikin rikice-rikicen tashin hankali da ke faruwa da makwabtansu. Rikicin ƙabilanci tsakanin Jukun da Kuteb ya barke a 1991. A ranar 27 ga Disamba 2008 wani rikici ya sake kunno kai a Takum kan zargin kisan wani matashi dan Jukun da matasan Kuteb suka yi. Wataƙila mutane 20 sun mutu kuma dubbai sun nemi mafaka a barikin soja na yankin. A 2000 an yi fada tsakanin 'yan ƙabilar Jukun / Chamba da [[Tiv]], tare da kona kauyuka sama da 250. A cikin 2006 mummunan rikici ya sake farawa tsakanin Kuteb da [[Tiv]], inda mutane da yawa suka rasa rayukansu. A wata tattaunawa da aka yi da manema labarai a watan Disambar 2008 gwamnan jihar Taraba, Danbaba Suntai, ya ce ba ya ganin ƙarshen rikicin. == Manazarta == [[Category:Harsunan Nijeriya]] [[Category:Al'ummomin Nijeriya]] [[Category:Al'adun ƙasashen]] [[Category:Al'ummomi]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] j7cgcebn6bl5q6cp2gwu7wvz2u0bulf 0 21560 842841 702682 2026-05-29T22:15:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mohammed Musa Bello''' (an haife shi a watan Janairu, shekara ta 1959) wani ma'aikacin banki ne a [[Najeriya]] wanda shi ne Ministan Babban Birnin Tarayya,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-13|title=Security, environmental protection tops FG’s priorities for estate developers, says Minister|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/news/security-environmental-protection-tops-fgs-priorities-for-estate-developers-says-minister/|access-date=2022-02-22|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-02-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222153625/https://editor.guardian.ng/news/security-environmental-protection-tops-fgs-priorities-for-estate-developers-says-minister/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-10 |title=Wake up, FCT minister |url=https://punchng.com/wake-up-fct-minister/ |access-date=2022-03-12 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> a [[Abuja]] Najeriya tun shekara ta 2015. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Mohammed Musa Bello a cikin dangin [[Fulani]] a [[Yola]] ; mahaifinsa, Alhaji Musa Bello, shi ne Manajan Daraktan Kamfanin Raya [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga shekara ta 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1976, kuma aminin Shugaba [[Muhammadu Buhari]] . Ya fara karatun firamare a [[Yola]] kafin ya kammala makarantar sakandare ta Uwargidanmu da ke [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] a shekara ta 1971. Ya halarci [[Kwalejin Barewa|kwalejin Barewa da]] ke [[Zariya]] daga shekara ta 1971 zuwa shekara ta 1976, inda ya samu takardar shedar kammala karatun sakandare. Daga nan ya zarce zuwa [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello|Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello da]] ke [[Zariya]] daga shekara 1977 zuwa ta 1980, inda ya samu digiri na farko a fannin kasuwanci, sannan ya dawo a shekara ta 1985 ya ci gaba da karatun digiri na biyu a harkar kasuwanci. == Ayyuka == A shekara ta 1984, Icon Limited ( reshen Bankin Barings da Morgan Guaranty Trust ) ne suka dauki Bello aiki. Sannan ya kwashe watanni shida yana yin horo a JP Morgan &amp;amp; Co., a banki na kasuwanci da kuma kula da haɗari. Daga baya ya zama shugaban bada bashi da tallatawa kafin daga baya ya koma kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. Ya kwashe sama da shekaru ashirin a bangaren kamfanoni a bangarori daban-daban, kuma ya kasance Darakta na Habib Bank Plc, da sauran kamfanoni. Bello ya yi aiki a Bakabure Industrial Complex a [[Yola]], a matsayin Janar Manaja a shekara ta 1992. Ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Fasaha kan Kyauta (TPC). Ya kuma kasance mamba a Chamberungiyar 'Yan Kasuwa, Masana'antu, Ma'adanai da Noma ta Jihar [[Adamawa]]. A shekara 2006, Shugaba [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Olusegun Obasanjo ya]] nada shi Shugaban Hukumar Alhazai ta Kasa inda ya yi aiki daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa ta 2015. == Ministan Babban Birnin Tarayya == A watan Mayun shekara ta 2015, Shugaba [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya nada shi Ministan Babban Birnin Tarayya . == Duba kuma == * Majalisar zartarwar Najeriya == Manazarta == == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Musa a cikin gidan [[Fulani]] a [[Yola]]; mahaifinsa, Alhaji Musa Bello, shi ne Manajan Darakta na Kamfanin Ci gaban Arewacin Najeriya daga 1970 zuwa 1976, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Past GMD's {{!}} New Nigeria Devt. Company Ltd |url=https://www.nndcgroup.com.ng/node/20 |access-date=2020-07-04 |website=www.nndcgroup.com.ng |archive-date=2020-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705004828/https://www.nndcgroup.com.ng/node/20 |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuma amintaccen aboki na Shugaban Ƙasa [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepotism in Buhari's govt, the worst in Nigeria's history –Junaid Mohammed |url=https://punchng.com/nepotism-buharis-govt-worst-nigerias-history-junaid-mohammed/ |access-date=2020-07-04 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya fara karatun firamare a Yola daga baya kuma yazo ya kammala karatun Babban makarantar sakandare ta Our Lady a [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] a shekarar 1971. Daga nan sai ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke Zaria daga 1977 zuwa 1980, inda ya sami digiri na farko a harkokin gudanar da kasuwanci, sannan ya dawo a shekarar 1985 don neman digiri na biyu a harkokin gudanar da kasuwanci. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=25 July 2019 |title=Screening of Ministerial Nominees 2019 - Mohammed Musa Bello (Adamawa State) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3G45PV2S8I |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=YouTube}}</ref> bg2pq5x6ghnxxfsnvrlki031cdtv55h 4 21908 842809 841896 2026-05-29T21:27:03Z AmmarBot 13973 Sabunta shafin sabbin editoci 842809 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shafin ya na ƙunshe da sabbin editocin da sukayi rajista a Hausa Wikipedia. Robot yana sabunta wannan shafin duk bayan wasu sa'o'i. Kada ku gyara wannan shafin, duk chanjin da akayi, robot zaya yi overwriting din shi a lokacin sabunta shafin. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Numba !Edita !Gudummuwa !Lokacin rajista |- |1 |[[User:SupportiveAnt043|SupportiveAnt043]] |[[Special:Contributions/SupportiveAnt043|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 26 ga Mayu 2026 |- |2 |[[User:Yakubu Yakubu|Yakubu Yakubu]] |[[Special:Contributions/Yakubu Yakubu|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |3 |[[User:Alisar.888|Alisar.888]] |[[Special:Contributions/Alisar.888|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |4 |[[User:Kolpaak|Kolpaak]] |[[Special:Contributions/Kolpaak|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |5 |[[User:Varivalge|Varivalge]] |[[Special:Contributions/Varivalge|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |6 |[[User:90nikos|90nikos]] |[[Special:Contributions/90nikos|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |7 |[[User:Daydream moon|Daydream moon]] |[[Special:Contributions/Daydream moon|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |8 |[[User:IcedEarthMinistries|IcedEarthMinistries]] |[[Special:Contributions/IcedEarthMinistries|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |9 |[[User:PaganTerror|PaganTerror]] |[[Special:Contributions/PaganTerror|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |10 |[[User:Sp Gamawa|Sp Gamawa]] |[[Special:Contributions/Sp Gamawa|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |11 |[[User:Merriman88|Merriman88]] |[[Special:Contributions/Merriman88|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |12 |[[User:Abdulmuddalib labarahim salisu|Abdulmuddalib labarahim salisu]] |[[Special:Contributions/Abdulmuddalib labarahim salisu|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |13 |[[User:Mitrovica02|Mitrovica02]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mitrovica02|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |14 |[[User:Surajr7|Surajr7]] |[[Special:Contributions/Surajr7|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |15 |[[User:Vanmacdonald|Vanmacdonald]] |[[Special:Contributions/Vanmacdonald|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Mayu 2026 |- |16 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<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2012/10/13/world/meast/gaza-israeli-airstrike Israeli airstrike targets terror operatives in Gaza], CNN 15-10-2012</ref> '''Magles Shoura al-Mujahedeen''', da sauran sunaye) kungiyar Salafiyya mai dauke da makamai alaƙa da [[al-Qaeda]] <ref name="lwjjun19">Thomas Joscelyn, [http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2012/06/al_qaeda-linked_grou.php Al Qaeda-linked group claims responsibility for attack in Israel], Long War Journal ([[Foundation for the Defense of Democracies]]) 19-06-2012</ref> da ke aiki a yankin Sinai na [[Misra|Masar]] da cikin [[Zirin Gaza]] . The kungiyar da aka kafa a shekarar 2011 ko zuwa shekara ta 2012 by [[Salafiyya|Salafi]] Islama Hisham Al-Saedni (kuma aka sani da Abu al Walid al Maqdisi) , don gudanar da ayyuka na Salafi yan jihadi da ke yaki a Gaza tun kafin ma a Masar juyin juya halin shekarar 2011 <ref name="lwjaug6">Bill Roggio, [http://www.longwarjournal.org/threat-matrix/archives/2012/08/mujahideen_shura_council_denie.php Mujahideen Shura Council denies involvement in Sinai assault] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815060109/http://www.longwarjournal.org/threat-matrix/archives/2012/08/mujahideen_shura_council_denie.php |date=2014-08-15 }}, Long War Journal ([[Foundation for the Defense of Democracies]]) 06-08-2012</ref> kuma ta kai hare -hare kan fararen hula a [[Isra'ila]] . <ref name="lwjjun19" /> Ƙungiyar ta bayyana tashe -tashen hankulan da ake yi wa Yahudawa a matsayin wani nauyi na addini wanda ke kusantar da masu aikata shi zuwa ga Allah. <ref name="lions">[http://www.ansar1.info/showthread.php?t=42323 Response of the lions to the aggressions of the Jews: Shelling Zionist Sderot with three rockets] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200512143137/http://www.ansar1.info/showthread.php?t=42323 |date=2020-05-12 }}, Majlis Shura Al-Mujahidin 01-09-2012</ref> Al-Saedni, wanda shi ne shugaban kungiyar kuma shi ma na Jahafil Al-Tawhid Wal-Jihad fi Filastin, an kashe shi ne a wani hari da Isra’ila ta kai Gaza a ranar 14 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 2012. Ƙungiyar tana karkashin kungiyar Al-Qaeda a yankin Sinai tun daga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012. <ref>http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2012/08/global_jihadists_ove.php</ref> A watan Fabrairun a shekara ta 2014, kungiyar ta bayyana goyon bayanta ga Daular [[Daular Musulunci ta Iraƙi|Islama ta Iraki da Levant]] . A rukunin da aka sanya a kungiyar 'yan ta'adda ta Gwamnatin Amirka, a ranar 19 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 2014. A cikin bayanin ta kuma na sanya sunan Ma'aikatar Jiha ta lura cewa:<blockquote>Majalisar Shura na Mujahidin a Yankunan Kudus kungiya ce da ta kunshi wasu kungiyoyin 'yan ta'adda masu da'awar jihadi da ke zaune a Gaza wadanda suka dauki alhakin kai hare-hare da dama kan Isra'ila tun lokacin da aka kafa kungiyar a shekara ta 2012. Misali, a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2013, MSC ta dauki alhakin harin roka da aka kai a kudancin Eilat, Isra'ila. A baya, MSC ta dauki alhakin harin da aka kai ranar 21 ga watan Maris,shekara ta 2013 inda mayakan na Gaza suka harba akalla rokoki biyar kan Sderot, Isra’ila, da kuma harin 17 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2013 inda kuma aka harba rokoki biyu kan Eilat, Isra’ila. Baya ga harba makaman roka, MSC ta ayyana kanta da alhakin kai harin IED na kan iyakar Gaza da Isra’ila a ranar 18 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 2012 wanda ya nufi wurin ginin Isra’ila, inda ya kashe farar hula guda. Baya ga wadannan hare -hare na zahiri, MSC ta fitar da wata sanarwa a cikin watan Fabrairu na shekara ta 2014 da ke bayyana goyon baya ga Daular [[Daular Musulunci ta Iraƙi|Musulunci ta Iraki da Levant]] .</blockquote>Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin shine ''Jahafil Al-Tawhid Wal-Jihad fi Filastin'' (ko ''al-Tawhid wal-Jihad'', "Hadin kai da Jihadi") wanda aka kafa a ranar 6 gawatan Nuwamba shekara ta 2008 kuma yana da alaƙa da Al Qaeda. A shekarar 2011 kuma Hisham Al-Saedni ne ya jagoranci kungiyar. Wata ƙaramar ƙungiya ita ce Ansar al Sunnah, wacce ta ɗauki alhakin hare-haren rokoki da dama kan Isra’ila, ciki har da harin roka a cikin Satan Maris shekara ta 2010 wanda ya kashe ma’aikacin Thai a Isra’ila. Bayan harin da aka kai a watan Maris na shekara ta 2010, Haaretz ta ba da rahoton cewa "da alama ƙungiyar tana da alaƙa da Jund Ansar Allah ," wata ƙungiyar jihadi da ke aiki a Gaza. <ref name="longwarjournal" /> == Hare -hare == === 18 gawatan Maris shekara ta 2010 === Mayakan da ke da alaka da kungiyar sun harba makamin roka a Isra'ila, inda suka kashe ma'aikaci daga [[Tailan|Thailand]] . Daga baya kungiyar ta dauki alhakin kai harin. <ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2010/3/18/gaza-rocket-kills-worker-in-israel Gaza rocket kills worker in Israel]</ref> === 18 gawatan Yuni shekara ta 2012 === Kungiyar ta dauki alhakin kai harin kan iyaka a Isra’ila a ranar 18 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2012, lokacin da maharan suka tayar da bam din da aka dasa kusa da kan iyakar Masar da Isra’ila sannan suka bude wuta kan motocin da ke dauke da ma’aikatan gini. Isra'ila farar hula Saeed Fashafshe, a 35-shekara [[Larabawa|Arab]] mazaunin na Haifa da wani aure uba na hudu, da aka kashe, kamar yadda suka akalla biyu daga cikin 'yan ta'adda. <ref name="lwjjun19"/> <ref>[http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/haifa-man-named-as-victim-of-terrorist-attack-on-egypt-border-1.437130 Haifa man named as victim of terrorist attack on Egypt border], Haaretz 16-06-2012</ref> <ref>[http://www.ict.org.il/ResearchPublications/DatabaseReports/tabid/380/Articlsid/1102/currentpage/1/Default.aspx ICT Database Insight: “The Mujahideen Shura Council in the Environs of Jerusalem" A New Player in the Lawless “Wild West” of the Sinai Peninsula?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131010034717/http://www.ict.org.il/ResearchPublications/DatabaseReports/tabid/380/Articlsid/1102/currentpage/1/Default.aspx |date=2013-10-10 }}, [[International Institute for Counter-Terrorism]] 20-08-2012</ref> A wani faifan bidiyo, kungiyar ta ce an sadaukar da harin ne ga Osama bin Laden da masu jihadi na Syria . Ta kuma kara da cewa tana yin jihadi "don zama tubalin gini a cikin aikin duniya wanda ke nufin dawo da [[Khalifofi|Khalifancin]] da ya dace da tsarin [[Shari'a|Shariah]] tsarkakakke". Ta bayyana shugabannin harin a matsayin [[Misra|dan]] kasar Masar Khalid Salah Abdul Hadi Jadullah (wanda aka fi sani da Abu Salah al Masri) da kuma [[Saudi Arebiya|dan]] kasar Saudiyya Adi Saleh Abdullah al Fudhayli al Hadhli (wanda aka fi sani da Abu Hudhayfa al Hudhali). <ref name="lwjjun19"/> <ref>[http://www.timesofisrael.com/islamic-group-claims-responsibility-for-mondays-terror-attack/ Islamic group claims responsibility for attack on Egypt border], Times of Israel 19-06-2012</ref> <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-18503549 Hamas fires barrage of rockets into Israel], BBC News 19-06-2012</ref> A wata sanarwa ta bidiyo da aka fitar daga baya a watan Yuli, kungiyar ta bayyana harin a matsayin "kyauta ga 'yan uwanmu a [[Al-Qaeda|Qaedat al-Jihad]] da Sheikh Zawahiri " da kuma daukar fansa kan mutuwar Osama bin Laden . <ref>Bill Roggio, [http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2012/07/egyptian_jihadist_gr.php Mujahideen Shura Council calls attack in Israel a 'gift' to Zawahiri and al Qaeda 'brothers'], Long War Journal ([[Foundation for the Defense of Democracies]]) 30-07-2012</ref> <ref name="lwjoct7">David Barnett, [http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2012/10/israel_targets_mujah.php Israel targets Mujahideen Shura Council and Global Jihad terrorists in Gaza], Long War Journal ([[Foundation for the Defense of Democracies]]) 07-10-2012</ref> === 26 gawatan Agusta shekara ta 2012 === Kungiyar ta harba rokoki uku a garin Sderot na Isra'ila a ranar 26 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 2012. Daya daga cikin rokokin ya lalata wani gini a yankin masana'antu kusa da birnin. Mutum daya ya ji rauni sosai kuma na biyun an yi masa magani don matsanancin damuwa . <ref>[http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/159309#.UVSnVBzmhrI Salafi Terrorists: Jihad Against 'Criminal Jews' is a Duty], Israel National News 27-08-2012</ref> A cikin wata sanarwa ta intanet, kungiyar ta dauki alhakin harin kuma ta roki Allah da ya “taimake mu kan mutanen da ba su da imani”. Ya nanata abubuwa masu zuwa yayin bayyana dalilan harin: * [[Jihadi]] don neman yardar Allah [[Yahudawa|a kan yahudawa]] masu aikata laifi wajibi ne da muke kusanci da Allah a duk lokacin da muka sami wata hanya zuwa ga hakan, a kowane wuri, ta hanyar abin da Allah ya sauƙaƙa mana daga dalilan iko da tunkuɗewa. * Yana da wani dama ga Mujahidin na al'ummar musulmi, don tallafa wa da kuma taimako a gare su, kuma shi ne unacceptable cewa wani ɓangare na hari su da musguna ko zalunci ko ya kama, muddin suka yi kawai bar yin wani takalifi da ake bukata daga kowane Musulmi a cikin wani lokaci lokacin da da yawa ke kin zuwa jihadi. * Dukan waɗanda aka tsarkake a cikin kungiyoyin kamata girgiza kashe kurar wulakanci da zaune da baya zaton ga mutum kango na wannan Duniya, kuma ya tashi sama, don tallafa wa addini da kuma kare su sanctities, kuma ya kamata su tuna cewa sun kawai shiga ga} ungiyoyi da jihadi don neman yardar Allah. * Bari Yahudawa su sani cewa wurare masu tsarki, tsarkakakku da jini suna da maza waɗanda ba sa yin bacci a kan zalunci, kuma ba sa jin daɗin wulakanci, kuma suna kashe jininsu da abin da suka mallaka da arha don hakan, kuma abin da ke zuwa ya fi muni da ƙari. mai ɗaci da yardar Allah Mai ɗaukar fansa. <ref name="lions"/> === Martani daga rundunar tsaron Isra'ila === A ranar 7 gawatan Oktoban shekara ta 2012, Sojojin Tsaron Isra’ila (IDF) da Hukumar Tsaro ta Isra’ila sun kai hari ta sama a kudancin [[Zirin Gaza|Zirin Gaza inda suka]] nufi Tala’at Halil Muhammad Jarbi, wanda IDF ta ce yana da hannu wajen tsarawa da aiwatar da ranar 18 ga watan Yuni. kai hari da sauran ayyukan ta’addanci a Zirin Gaza. Har ila yau, wanda aka kai harin ta sama, Abdullah Muhammad Hassan Maqawai, wanda aka ce dan kungiyar ne. <ref name="lwjoct7"/> A ranar 14 gawatan Oktoban a shekara ta 2012, an kashe al-Saedni yayin da yake kan babur a harin da Isra’ila ta kai. Isra'ila ta ce tana mayar da martani ne kan harin roka da aka kai kan kudancin Isra'ila tun farko. === 21 gawatan Maris shekara ta 2013 === Da misalin karfe 7:15 na safe a ranar 21 gawatan Maris shekara ta 2013, a rana ta biyu ta ziyarar da Shugaban [[Barack Obama|Amurka Barack Obama ya]] kai Isra’ila, kungiyar ta harba rokoki hudu daga Beit Hanoun zuwa Sderot, lamarin da ya haifar da fargaba a cikin al’ummomin yankin tare da tilasta mazauna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa aiki ko makaranta don gudu zuwa mafakar bam. Makamin roka daya ya bugi bayan gidan wani gida a cikin birnin, inda ya fantsama cikin bango tare da farfasa tagogi. Wani makamin na biyu ya sauka a wani yanki a cikin yankin Yankin Sha'ar Hanegev da ke kewaye. Makamin roka biyu da suka rage sun sauka a cikin zirin Gaza. Ba a samu rahoton raunuka ba. <ref>[http://www.jpost.com/National-News/Two-rockets-slam-into-Sderot-during-Obama-visit-307212 Two rockets slam into Sderot during Obama visit], Jerusalem Post 21-03-2013</ref> <ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4359306,00.html Rockets hit Sderot as Obama visits Israel], Ynet News 21-03-2013</ref> <ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2013/03/21/barack-obama-israel-visit.html Gaza militants fire 2 rockets at Israel as Obama visits region], CBC 21-03-2013</ref> Kungiyar ta dauki alhakin kai harin, inda ta bayyana cewa an yi hakan ne domin nuna cewa tsaron sararin samaniyar Isra’ila ba zai iya dakatar da kai hare -hare kan kasar Yahudawa ba. <ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-palestinians-obama-claim-idUSBRE92K0MR20130321 Islamist group says it fired rockets at Israel from Gaza], Reuters 21-03-2013</ref> === Kungiyar Hamas === A watan Yulin Shekara ta 2013, Hamas ta murkushe ayyukan PRC da MSC a Gaza, tare da kame membobinsu da yawa. <ref>[http://www.longwarjournal.org/threat-matrix/archives/2013/07/popular_resistance_committees.php Popular Resistance Committees calls on Hamas to stop arrests of 'mujahideen'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212210803/http://www.longwarjournal.org/threat-matrix/archives/2013/07/popular_resistance_committees.php |date=2015-02-12 }} July 22, 2013</ref> == Karyatawa == Kungiyar ta musanta hannu a harin kan iyakar Masar da Isra’ila a watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, inda aka kashe sojojin Masar guda sha shidda 16 sannan aka kai hari kan iyakar Isra’ila. <ref name="lwjaug6"/> == Duba kuma == * Majalisar Shura Mujahid (Iraki) * Majalisar Shura Mujahid (Afghanistan) == Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] owfmbgum150welceagu5on4t009w5w5 0 25842 843349 678254 2026-05-30T11:40:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843349 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nollywood''' tana nufin masana'antar fim ta [[Najeriya]] . Asalin kalmar ta samo asali ne a farkon shekarun 2000, wanda aka samo asalin ta a wata kasida a cikin jaridar ''[[New York Times]]''. Saboda tarihin hadaka ma'anoni da abubuwan da ke faruwa, babu wata ma'ana mai ma'ana ko yarjejeniya don kalmar, wanda ya sa ta zama batun jayayya da yawa. == Etymology == Asalin kalmar "Nollywood" har yanzu ba a sani ba; Jonathan Haynes ya bi diddigin farkon amfani da kalmar zuwa labarin shekarar 2002 da Matt Steinglass ya buga a jaridar ''[[New York Times]]'', inda aka yi amfani da ita wajen bayyana sinima ta [[Najeriya]] . Charles Igwe ya lura cewa Norimitsu Onishi kuma ya yi amfani da sunan a cikin labarin Satumba na shekarar 2002 da ya rubuta wa ''New York Times''. A lokaci ya ci gaba da za a yi amfani da a kafofin watsa labarai don koma zuwa Nijeriya fim, tare da definition daga baya zaci su zama wani portmanteau daga cikin kalmomi "Nigeria" da kuma " Hollywood ", babbar cibiyar finafinai ta [[Amurka]]. Ma'anar abin da ake kallon fina -finan Nollywood ya kasance batun muhawara. Alex Eyengho ya ayyana Nollywood a matsayin "jimlar ayyukan da ke faruwa a masana'antar fina - finan [[Najeriya]], da [[Turanci]], [[Yarbanci]], [[Harshen Hausa|Hausa]], [[Harshen Ibo|Igbo]], [[Harshen Itsekiri|Itsekiri]], [[Edo]], [[Harshen Efik|Efik]], [[Harshen Ijaw|Ijaw]], [[Urhobo]] ko kuma wani daga cikin [[Harsunan Najeriya|yarukan Najeriya sama da 300]] ". Ya ci gaba da cewa "yanayin tarihin '''Nollywood''' ya fara ne tun kafin Najeriya ta kasance mai cin gashin kanta , da kokarin wasan kwaikwayo (mataki) da na fim ( celluloid ) irin su Cif Hubert Ogunde, Cif Amata, Baba Sala, Ade Love, Eddie Ugbomah. da wasu da yawa ". Tsawon shekaru kuma ana amfani da kalmar ''Nollywood'' don nufin wasu masana'antun fina-finai masu alaqa, kamar gidan sinimar Turanci ta [[Ghana|gidan sinima na Ingilishi na Ghana]], wadanda galibi ana shirya fina-finansu tare da Najeriya da/ko kamfanonin Najeriya ke rarraba su. Haka kuma an yi amfani da kalmar don fina -finan diasporaan Najeriya/Afirka na kasashen waje wadanda ake dauka suna da alagqa da Najeriya ko aka yi su musamman don kama masu sauraron Najeriya. Babu wani takamaiman ma'anar yadda fim din <nowiki>''</nowiki> dan Najeriya <nowiki>''</nowiki> zai kasance kafin a kira shi ''Nollywood'' . [[Fayil:A film set in Nollywood Awka.jpg|thumb|Nollywood]] Wasu masu ruwa da tsaki a koda yaushe suna bayyana rashin jituwarsu kan wa'adin; bayar da dalilai kamar gaskiyar cewa bako ne ya kirkiro kalmar, kamar irin wannan nau'in na mulkin mallaka . An kuma yi jayayya cewa kalmar tana kwaikwayon abin da ya riga ya kasance ( Hollywood ) maimakon asali a cikin kansa, wannan asali ne kuma na musamman na Afirka. == Kananan masana'antu == === Fim din Najeriya === Shirya fina-finai a Najeriya ya kasu kashi-kashi, da na kabilanci da na [[addini]] . Don haka, akwai masana'antun fina - finai daban-daban - kowannensu yana neman nuna damuwar sashin musamman da kabilun da yake wakilta. Duk da haka, akwai masana'antar fina-finan turanci wacce ke narkar da shirin fim daga mafi yawan masana'antun yankin.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2017}} Fim din Yarbanci ya kasance karamar masana'antar Nollywood, tare da yawancin masu yin ta a yankin Yammacin Najeriya. Fim din yaren Yarbanci ya fara ne yayin da 'yan wasan gungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo na yawo daban-daban na Yarbawa suka fara daukar ayyukansu sama da mataki don shiga harkar fim ta amfani da tsarin Celluloid, har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1960. Waɗannan kwararrun ana ɗaukar su a wasu wurare a matsayin na farko 'yan fim na Najeriya na gaskiya. Fina ''-finan kamar Kongi's Harvest'' (1972), ''Bull Frog in The Sun'' (1971), ''Bisi, 'Yar Kogin'' (1977), ''Jaiyesimi'' (1980), da ''Cry Freedom'' (1981) sun fada cikin wannan zamani na masana'antar fina -finan Yarbawa. Likitoci kamar [[Ola Balogun]], Duro Ladipo da Adeyemi Afolayan (Ade Love) sun taka rawar gani lokacin da suka fito da “Ajani Ogun” a shekarar 1976. Wannan fim din yana daaya daga cikin manyan nasarorin da suka taimaka wajen sanya fim din yaren Yoruba akan taswira, sannan sauran abubuwan da Hubert Ogunde da sauran su suka biyo baya. <ref name=":0" /> Ofaya daga cikin masu hana shinge na farko daga Najeriya, ya fito ne daga masana'antar yaren Yoruba; sanannen misali shine ''Mosebolatan'' (1985) na Moses Olaiya wanda ya tara ₦107,000 (kimanin 2015 ₦44.2&nbsp;miliyan) a cikin kwanaki biyar da fitowar ta. [[Fayil:Nouvelle logo de Nollywood TV Epic en 2021.png|thumb|Nollywood]] Masana'antar Fim ɗin [[Kannywood|Hausa]], wanda aka fi sani da ''Kannywood'', shima ƙaramin masana'antar Nollywood ne, galibi masana'antar na [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] . Fim din, wanda shi ne mafi girma a [[Arewacin Najeriya]], sannu a hankali ya samo asali daga shirye -shiryen RTV Kaduna da Rediyon Kaduna a shekarun 1960. Tsofaffin sojoji kamar Dalhatu Bawa da Kasimu Yero sun fara shirya wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya zama sananne ga masu sauraron Arewa. Shekaru na 1990 sun sami canji mai ban mamaki a cikin sinimomin Arewacin Najeriya, suna dokin jawo hankalin karin masu sauraron Hausa waɗanda ke ganin fina -finan Bollywood sun fi jan hankali, Kannywood; Hadin sinima na al'adun [[Indiya]] da Hausa ya samo asali kuma ya shahara sosai. ''Turmin Danya'' ("The Draw"), 1990, galibi ana ambaton shi a matsayin fim din Kannywood da ya fara cin nasara. Cikin sauri aka bi wasu kamar ''Gimbiya Fatima'' da ''Kiyarda Da Ni'' . Sunusi Shehu na ''Mujallar Tauraruwa ya'' ƙirƙiri kalmar "Kannywood" a 1999 kuma nan da nan ya zama sanannen sunan masana'antar. Zuwa shekarar 2012, sama da kamfanonin fina -finai 2000 aka yi wa rijista da kungiyar masu shirya fina - finan jihar Kano. === Fim din Ingilishi na Ghana === A cikin shekarun da suka gabata an kuma yi amfani da kalmar Nollywood don nufin wasu masana'antun fina-finai masu alaƙa, kamar [[Sinima na Ghana|gidan sinima na Ingilishi na Ghana]] . Kusan shekara ta 2006 zuwa 2007, ɗan fim ɗin Najeriya Frank Rajah Arase ya rattaba hannu kan wata kwangila tare da wani kamfanin samar da fina -finai na kasar Ghana, Venus Films, wanda ya hada da taimakawa shigar da 'yan wasan Ghana cikin manyan masana'antar Nollywood. Wannan haɗin gwiwar a karshe ya haifar da shaharar wasu fitattun 'yan wasan Ghana, kamar Van Vicker, Jackie Appiah, Majid Michel, Yvonne Nelson, John Dumelo, [[Nadia Buari]] da Yvonne Okoro, wanda ake iya cewa kamar na takwarorinsu na Najeriya. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin shekarun da suka gabata, saboda tsadar shirya fim a Najeriya, an tilasta wa masu shirya fina -finan Najeriya yin fina -finai a wajen Legas don rage tsada, tare da nuna ficewar yin fim a Hollywood daga [[Los Angeles]] zuwa birane kamar [[Toronto]] da Albuquerque, wani abin da aka sani da samar da gudu. A sakamakon haka, wasu furodusoshi da yawa, sun fara harbi a birane kamar [[Accra]], [[Ghana]], suna sanya tanadi don saka hannun jari a ingantattun kayan aiki, da yawa daga cikinsu suna kokarin shigar da finafinan su akan babban allon. Wannan ci gaban ya haifar da wani hadin gwiwa tsakanin masana'antar fim ta Najeriya da ta Ghana, kuma yawancin fina -finan Ingilishi daga Ghana suma sun fara amsa alamar "Nollywood". Wannan ya faru ne saboda karuwar abubuwan hadin gwiwa da waɗannan fina-finan ke samu, da kuma saukin yadda suke amintar da ma'amaloli na rarrabawa tare da gidajen shirya fina-finan Najeriya. Wannan kuma galibi saboda yawancin mutanen da ba na Yammacin Afirka ba za su iya bambance tsakanin wadannan fina-finai da fina-finan Najeriya, tunda ya zama al'ada ga manyan fina-finai daga Najeriya zuwa taurarin taurari daga Najeriya da Ghana. === Nollywood Amurka === Nollywood Amurka tana da fadi, ana amfani da ita don nufin fina-finan Najeriya da aka yi a kasashen waje. Kodayake ana kiran su da suna ''Nollywood USA'', ana iya harba wadannan fina-finan a kowace kasa da ba ta Afirka ba. Waɗannan fina -finan galibi 'yan fim din Najeriya ne da ke zaune a kasashen waje ke yin su kuma galibi ana yin su ne don masu sauraron Najeriya. Kamar kalmar "Nollywood", ma'anar "Nollywood USA" ba ta da ma'ana. [[Fayil:Visual effects scene in a Nollywood movie.jpg|thumb|Nollywood]] Fina-finan Nollywood na Amurka yawanci suna ba da labaran Najeriya, kuma galibi suna yin taurarin kafa jaruman Nollywood, tare da 'yan wasan Najeriya/Afirka masu zuwa da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje. Fina - finan galibi suna da fitattun finafinai a Najeriya kuma a wasu lokutan ma suna ba da tabbacin sakin wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasa kamar na fina - finan Nollywood na yau da kullun.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2017}}. == ''Nollywood a'' ciki rigima 20 == A cikin shekarar 2012, an ba da sanarwar cewa Nollywood za ta yi bikin cika shekara 20. Wannan shekara ta cika shekaru 20 bayan fitowar fim din kai tsaye zuwa bidiyo ''Rayuwa a Daure'' (1992), wanda a iya cewa alama ce ta bunkasa a zamanin fim din bidiyo . Daga karshe an yi bikin tunawa da ranar a watan Yunin 2013. Daga baya an bayyana taron a matsayin yanke hukunci na wani bangare na masana'antar ba taron da aka amince da shi ba; kungiyar masu shirya fina -finai (AMP) ce ta shirya taron, kungiyar da ta kunshi masu shirya fina -finan bidiyo. Tun bayan sanar da bikin "Nollywood @ 20" a cikin 2012 har zuwa bikinta a shekara ta 2013, taron ya jawo cece -kuce daga masu ruwa da tsaki; mafi yawansu sun yi imanin cewa masana'antar ta girmi shekaru fiye da 20. Tun da Nollywood ya kasance kalma ce ga masana'antar fina - finan Najeriya gaba ɗaya, an yi ta jayayya cewa ''ba za a iya amfani da Rayuwa a cikin Bondage'' don murnar masana'antar fim ta Najeriya ba, yana mai bayyana cewa fim din ba, a zahiri, fim din bidiyo na farko ne na Najeriya, haka ma ba fim din bidiyo na farko "mai nasara", kasa da fim din Najeriya na farko. Wannan biki mai cike da rudani ya kuma haifar da rahotanni cewa wani bangare na masana'antar, "Association of Nigeria Theatre Arts Practitioners (ANTP)" na shirin sake sunan masana'antar zuwa wani lokaci wanda zai mamaye tarihin masana'antar fim ta Najeriya, tun daga lokacin. An zargi Nollywood da rarrabuwar kawuna. Yayin da magoya bayan taron suka yi gardama cewa ita ce "alamar Nollywood" da ake yi ba masana'anta ba, an yi ta ce-ce-ku-ce cewa kalmar "Nollywood" ta wanzu ne kawai a cikin shwk2000s, don haka ana buƙatar bayani akan yadda za a iya ƙara "Nollywood Brand" zuwa shekarar 1992 wanda ba shi da mahimmanci ta kowace hanya, kuma me yasa ba kawai ga fim din farko na Najeriya da aka yi ba. [[Fayil:Future Ambassadors movie onset.jpg|thumb|Nollywood]] Alex Eyengho ya lura a cikin labarin 2012 cewa kalmar "Nollywood" ba ta nan a cikin shekarun samar da fina -finan bidiyo da na Zamanin Zinare . Seun Apara, a cikin labarinsa a ''360Nobs.com'' ya bayyana cewa: "Ko dai masu gabatar da taron ba su yi binciken su da kyau ba ko da gangan ba sa son yin lissafin tarihi". Adegboyega Oyeniya yayi sharhi: "Ban san abin da suke magana ba ta hanyar bikin 'Nollywood @ 20'; shin suna yin Ramsey Tokunbo Nouah ko [[Genevieve Nnaji]] ? Watakila, suna bikin arziki. Wadannan mutane su daina yaudarar ‘yan Najeriya”. Wasu kafafen yada labarai sun kuma bayar da rahoton cewa taron ya faru ne sakamakon kwadayi da son rai, yayin da masu shirya gasar suka ziyarci mutane na siyasa don neman kudade da sunan Masana'antu, amma ana zargin sun raba kudaden da aka tara a tsakaninsu. <ref name="autogenerated2" /> Wani batun da ya haifar da laifin taron shine cewa ba a girmama ainihin "masu cimma nasara" a Nollywood ba, a'a an girmama masu aikin kusan iri daya tare da masu shirya taron da ake zargi. Masu shirya fina -finai da masu ruwa da tsaki da dama sun bayyana rashin jin dadinsu da bikin karyar da ake cewa; Kunle Afolayan ya yi tsokaci: “Duk tunanin ''Nollywood a shekara 20'' ba shi da ma'ana a gare ni saboda Nollywood da na sani ya wuce shekaru 20. Na tuna mahaifina ya harbe fim kimanin shekaru 37 da suka gabata kuma ni ma na girma a harkar. Dangane da abin da ya shafe ni, wannan abin banza ne. " A wata hira, ya bayyana cewa: "Idan Nollywood shine sunan da mutane suka yanke shawarar kira masana'antar fim a Najeriya, to ni ina cikin sa. Idan Nollywood shine abin da suke cewa shekaru 20 ne, to ni bana cikin wannan Nollywood saboda na yi fiye da shekaru 30 ina harkar fim ”. [[Jide Kosoko|Jide Kosoko ya]] kuma yi tsokaci: “Masana’antar fina -finan Najeriya a nawa tunani ba shekaru 20 ba ne. Idan da gaske dukkanmu muna cikin masana'antu ɗaya, to masana'antar da nake ciki ba shekara 20 ba ce. Akwai bukatar gaya wa duniya labarin gaskiya na masana'antar mu kuma kada ku goge masu majagaba. A nawa fahimtar, abin da suke biki shine ''Rayuwa a Daure'' ba Nollywood ba ". <ref name="autogenerated2" /> [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ce: "ta yaya Nollywood za ta yi bikin shekara 20 kuma na wuce shekaru 40 a masana'antar?" . [[Fayil:Students learning at AfroCreatives WikiProject 2024 events.jpg|thumb|Nollywood]] Shugaban dan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya a lokacin, [[Ibinabo Fiberesima]], ya yarda cewa Nollywood ta fi 20, amma ya ba da abin da ake ganin magana ce mai gamsarwa kan dalilin shirya bikin, yana mai cewa: "Labarin yin bikin namu ne duk da Nollywood ya fi Shekaru 20. Ya daɗe da mutane suna yi mana biki amma a yanzu, muna yin bikin kanmu kuma muna mayar wa da al'umma ƙuri'a. Mataki ne mai kyau da muka ɗauka musamman yanzu da ingancin fina - finan mu ya inganta ". == Labarin Kafar sadarwa == Baya ga yaɗa labaran Nollywood ta manyan kafofin watsa labarai a [[Najeriya]], watau TV, Rediyo, da Buga, wasu littattafan kan layi suna buga abubuwan musamman akan masana'antar. Wadannan sun haɗa da * Nollywood ta sake dawowa [[Fayil:Wilson joshua, ifeanyo nnasor and Jimlarwsom.jpeg|thumb|Nollywood]] Takardun bayanai da aka yi niyyar gabatar da Nollywood ga masu sauraron yamma sune Jamie Meltzer 's ''Welcome to Nollywood'' (2007) (USA), ''This is Nollywood'' ( Franco Sacchi, Robert Caputo, 2007) (Nigeria) da ''Nollywood Babila'' ( Ben Addelman, Samir Mallal, 2008 (Kanada). == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://www.excelman.com/en/galerie/afrique/nigeria/nollywood.html Nollywood : Masana'antar Fina -Finan Najeriya : Hollywood na Afirka] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716204442/https://www.excelman.com/en/galerie/afrique/nigeria/nollywood.html |date=2021-07-16 }} [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4c8goch9tgtc6g5hmqvdepqn7jhtu8e 0 26989 842921 737907 2026-05-30T04:27:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mário Bastos''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1986), wanda aka fi sani da sunan mataki '''Fradique''', ɗan fim ɗin [[Angola]] ne. Ya shahara a matsayin darektan ''fitattun'' fina-finan Alambamento, ''Independência'' da ''Ar Condicionado''.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://africine.org/personne/fradique-mario-bastos/53081| title=Mário Bastos| website=africine| accessdate=17 October 2020| archive-date=23 January 2025| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123071100/http://africine.org/personne/fradique-mario-bastos/53081| url-status=dead}}</ref> Baya ga bada umarni, shi ma marubuci ne, furodusa, mataimakin darakta da edita.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://cinafrica.letras.ufrj.br/index.php/filmes/angola/120-mario-bastos-fradique| title=Mário Bastos (Fradique) |website=cinafrica | accessdate=17 October 2020}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haife shi a shekara ta 1986 a birnin [[Luanda]], Angola.<ref name= Afri>{{cite web | url=http://africultures.com/personnes/?no=53081| title=Fradique (Mario Bastos): Angola|website=Afri Cultures | accessdate=17 October 2020}}</ref> == Sana'a == A cikin shekarar 2008, Fradique ya halarci Kwalejin Fina-Finai ta New York kuma ya sami digirinsa na farko a fannin fasaha (directing) a Kwalejin Jami'ar Art a San Francisco. A cikin 2009, ya yi ɗan gajeren fim na farko, ''Alambamento.'' Fim ɗin ya sami lambar yabo don Mafi kyawun Gajeren Fim a Bikin Fina-Finai na Luanda kuma zaɓi ne na hukuma a cikin bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Vancouver da bikin fina-finai na ƙasa da ƙasa na Tenerife. A cikin 2010, Fradique ya kafa kamfanin samar da kayayyaki Geração 80 tare da Jorge Cohen da Tchiloia Lara. A cikin 2011, ya halarci Makarantar Talent ta Berlinale don ƙarin karatu. Daga 2010 zuwa 2015, ya yi aiki a kan cikakken tsawon shirinsa na farko, ''Independência'' . Fim ɗin ya mayar da hankali ne kan gwagwarmayar ‘yantar da ƙasar Angola daga baya kuma ya samu lambar yabo ta al’adun kasar Angola ta Cinema. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗayan mafi kyawun fina-finai na kowane lokaci a cikin fina-finan Afirka. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D;</sup>Har ila yau, fim ɗin ya sami lambar yabo don Kyautattun Labarai a Bikin Fina-Finai na Duniya na Cameron kuma ya kasance Zaɓaɓɓen Hukumance a Bikin Fina-Finai na Duniya na [[Durban]], Luxor African Film Festival da kuma Pan African Film Festival. Ya kuma ba da umarnin faifan kiɗan gidan fasaha don masu fasahar Angolan kamar su Nástio Mosquito da Aline Frazão . A cikin 2020, ya yi fim ɗin almara na farko, ''Ar Condicionado'', wanda ke da firaministan sa a bikin Fim na Duniya na Rotterdam . Ya kasance zaɓi na hukuma don [[Uganda]] a bikin Fim na Duniya na Friborg a cikin 2020. Ya samu yabo sosai daga bukukuwan fina-finai na duniya. == Fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Fim ! Matsayi ! Salon ! Ref. |- | 2007 | ''Kiari'' | Darakta, marubuci | Short film | |- | 2008 | ''Jake mai tashin hankali'' | Mataimakin darakta, abokin furodusa | Takardun bayanai | |- | 2011 | ''Alambamento'' | Darakta, marubuci | Short film | |- | 2011 | ''Luanda 24/7'' | Darakta | Short film | |- | 2013 | ''Triangulo'' | Darakta, marubuci | Takardun bayanai | |- | 2014 | ''Angola'' | Marubuci, edita | shirin talabijin | |- | 2015 | ''Independência'' | Darakta, marubuci, edita | Takardun bayanai | |- | 2016 | ''Irin Soyayya Mai Jini'' | Darakta | Bidiyo gajere | |- | 2017 | ''Masarautar Casuarinas'' | Darakta | Fim | |- | 2017 | ''El Último País'' | Mataimakin edita | Takardun bayanai | |- | 2020 | ''Ar Condicionado'' | Darakta, marubuci | Fim | |} == Manazarta == {{reflist}} [[Category:Ƴan Fim]] 2y1je0veyqzyrjkjp6n9qf4vfr1h5b8 0 34358 842915 503506 2026-05-30T02:44:37Z CommonsDelinker 75 Replacing Roosevelt_family,_Christmas_1941.jpg with [[File:The_Roosevelt_Family_in_the_East_Room_of_the_White_House_-_DPLA_-_26eea83115b8950aef6697d9ce5f99e3.jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:C 842915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Anna Eleanor Dall, Roosevelt family Christmas 1941.jpg|thumb|Eleanor Riley]] '''Eleanor Riley''' FRSE shi ne Daraktan Cibiyar Roslin, Dean of Research a Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, kuma farfesa na Immunology a Jami'ar Edinburgh . Binciken nata ya mayar da hankali ne kan fahimtar rigakafin rigakafin [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|cutar zazzabin cizon sauro]] da sauran cututtuka ta hanyar amfani da bayanan ɗan adam da ƙirar linzamin kwamfuta. == Ilimi == Riley ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin ilimin halittu da kimiyyar dabbobi daga Jami'ar Bristol, kafin ta yi karatun digiri na biyu a fannin cututtukan dabbobi daga Jami'ar Cornell sannan ta yi karatun digirinta na uku a fannin rigakafi da parasitology a Jami'ar Liverpool . Rubuce-rubucenta mai suna ''<nowiki/>'Immunology of experimental Echinoccus granulosus'' [sic] ''infection in mice''' an karɓa a 1985. == Sana'ay == [[Fayil:The Roosevelt Family in the East Room of the White House - DPLA - 26eea83115b8950aef6697d9ce5f99e3.jpg|thumb|Eleanor Riley a cikin mutane ]] Riley ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyar a Sashen MRC Gambia . Riley ya shiga Jami'ar Edinburgh da farko a matsayin abokin bincike a cikin 1990, kafin ya koma Makarantar Tsabtace Tsabtace &amp;amp; Magungunan Tropical na London (LSHTM) a cikin 1998 a matsayin farfesa na cututtukan cututtuka da rigakafi. <ref name=":2" /> An kara mata girma a cikin 2001 zuwa shugabar sashen rigakafi da cututtuka, mukamin da ta rike har zuwa 2013. An zabe ta a matsayin 'yar'uwar Academy of Medical Sciences a 2014. An nada Riley darektan Cibiyar Roslin a watan Satumba na 2017, <ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":1" /> wata daya kafin a ba Roslin lambar yabo ta Gold Athena SWAN saboda kyawawan alkawuran da aka yi na daidaiton jinsi a wurin aiki. An gayyace ta don ba da 2018 International Day of Women and Girls in Science Lecture a Jami'ar St Andrews . A cikin 2019 Riley ta zama mace ta farko da LSHTM ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Ronald Ross, tana mai cewa: {{Blockquote|Professor Riley is a world leader in malaria immunology, with a unique background in basic sciences, veterinary medicine, human infectious diseases and global health, and has made major contributions to strengthening research capacity in Africa|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/introducing/medals/ronald-ross-medal|title=Ronald Ross Medal|website=LSHTM|language=en|access-date=2019-04-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ed.ac.uk/roslin/news-events/latest-news/roslin-director-ronald-ross-medal|title=Roslin Director is awarded the Ronald Ross medal|website=The University of Edinburgh|language=en|access-date=2019-04-07}}</ref>}} A watan Fabrairun 2020 Riley ta yi murabus daga mukaminta na darekta na Cibiyar Roslin bayan zargin cin zarafi da manyan mambobin kwalejin suka yi. An zabe ta a matsayin Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh a 2021. == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 4dzauetc47zloq3fbasca3ely3tnq7u 0 35572 842523 726210 2026-05-29T15:43:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q28677017}} [[Fayil:Location Ghana AU Africa.svg|thumb|Dan ƙasar Ghana ne]] [[Fayil:MATTHEW OPOKU PREMPEH.jpg|thumb|matthew opoku]] '''Matthew Opoku Prempeh''', (An haife shi 23 ga watan Mayu shekara ta alif 1968A.C) Miladiyya.likita ne kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan Ghana. Shi memba na New Patriotic Party ne kuma dan majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Manhyia ta kudu a yankin Ashanti na Ghana. Tsohon Ministan Ilimi ne.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-05-27|title=NAPO reacts to $1.2M World Bank cash controversy|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2022/05/napo-reacts-to-1-2m-world-bank-cash-controversy/|access-date=2022-08-20|website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref> An fi saninsa da NAPO.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://citifmonline.com/2017/01/matthew-opoku-prempeh-is-minister-designate-for-education/|title=Matthew Opoku Prempeh is Minister designate for Education|date=2017-01-10|website=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-27|archive-date=2022-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011225030/https://citifmonline.com/2017/01/matthew-opoku-prempeh-is-minister-designate-for-education/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-18|title=Napo Leads Covid-19 Stigma Fight|url=https://dailyguidenetwork.com/napo-leads-covid-19-stigma-fight/|access-date=2020-07-19|website=DailyGuide Network|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Matthew Opoku Prempeh names library complex after late Queen Mother of Ashanti Kingdom|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/1170248/matthew-opoku-prempeh-names-library-complex-after.html|access-date=2022-08-20|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> A halin yanzu shi ne Ministan Makamashi.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hon. Matthew Opoku Prempeh|url=https://www.energymin.gov.gh/hon-matthew-opoku-prempeh|access-date=18 March 2021|archive-date=11 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011225033/https://www.energymin.gov.gh/hon-matthew-opoku-prempeh|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Projects by government to solve energy crisis near completion – Matthew Opoku Prempeh - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/projects-by-government-to-solve-energy-crisis-near-completion-matthew-opoku-prempeh/|access-date=2021-05-17|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Hon. Matthew Opoku Prempeh {{!}} Ministry of Energy|url=https://www.energymin.gov.gh/hon-matthew-opoku-prempeh|access-date=2022-08-20|website=www.energymin.gov.gh|archive-date=2022-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011225033/https://www.energymin.gov.gh/hon-matthew-opoku-prempeh|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Relocation of Ameri plant will stabilise power - Dr Matthew Opoku Prempeh|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/relocation-of-ameri-plant-will-stabilise-power-dr-matthew-opoku-prempeh.html|access-date=2022-08-20|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Prempeh a ranar 23 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1968 kuma ya fito daga Pakyi No 2 a yankin Ashanti.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=144|access-date=2022-08-20|website=www.parliament.gh}}{{Dead link|date=February 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ya karanci ilimin halittar dan Adam da likitanci a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah, sannan ya ci gaba da karatun digiri na biyu a Cibiyar Kimiyyar Lafiya ta kasar Netherlands da Makarantar Gwamnati ta Kennedy a Jami'ar Harvard.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Annang|first=Adolphus|title=Dr. Matthew Opoku Prempeh – Education - Government of Ghana|url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/governance/ministers/3414-dr-matthew-opoku-prempeh-education|access-date=2017-05-13|website=www.ghana.gov.gh|language=en-gb|archive-date=2017-05-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519155655/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/governance/ministers/3414-dr-matthew-opoku-prempeh-education|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Forum|first=Education World|title=Hon Dr Matthew Opoku Prempeh - Speakers|url=https://www.theewf.org/speakers/view/hon-dr-matthew-opoku-prempeh|access-date=2020-12-07|website=Education World Forum|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Aiki == [[File:MATTHEW OPOKU PREMPEH.jpg|thumb|Matthew Opoku Prempeh]] Kafin zama majalisar, Prempeh ya taba zama shugaban kamfanin Keyedmap Security Services Limited daga shekarar 2004 zuwa shekarar 2009.<ref name=":2" /> Har ila yau, likita ne<ref name="ghanamps.com">{{Cite web|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Prempeh, Matthew Opoku (Dr)|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=217|access-date=2020-01-25|website=www.ghanamps.com|archive-date=2020-01-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200113100717/http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=217|url-status=dead}}</ref> kuma ya taba zama memba a Kwalejin Likitoci da Likitoci ta kasar Burtaniya daga shekarar 1999 zuwa shekarar 2003.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Ghana|first=ICT Dept. Office of Parliament|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=http://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=165|access-date=2017-05-13|website=www.parliament.gh}}{{Dead link|date=February 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Siyasa == === Dan majalisa === A matsayinsa na dan majalisar kasar Ghana, yana wakiltar Manhyia ta Kudu a Kumasi, wanda a da yake wakiltar Manhyia.<ref name=":0" /> A shekarar 2008 ne aka fara zabar sh shi a majalisar dokoki kuma memba ne a New Patriotic Party.<ref name=":2" /> A shekarar 2016, an sake zabe shi da kuri'u 35,958, wato kashi 87.17% na kuri'un da aka kada a gundumar.<ref>{{Cite web|last=FM|first=Peace|title=Ghana Election 2016 Results - Manhyia South Constituency|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/ashanti/28/|access-date=2017-05-13|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archive-date=2017-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330162924/http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/ashanti/28/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya kasance memba na kwamitin lafiya da nadin mukamai. Prempeh ya tsaya takara a babban zaben kasar Ghana na shekarar 2020 a matsayin dan takarar majalisar dokoki a mazabar Manhyia ta Kudu, karkashin tutar New Patriotic Party kuma ya yi nasara da gagarumin rinjaye.<ref>{{Cite web|last=FM|first=Peace|title=Manhyia South Constituency Results - Election 2020|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/ashanti/manhyia_south/|access-date=2020-12-11|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archive-date=2020-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204052329/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/ashanti/manhyia_south/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Ministan Ilimi === Shugaban kasar Nana Akufo-Addo ne ya nada shi a ranar 10 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2017 don zama ministan ilimi na Ghana.<ref name=":0" /> Ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru 4 har zuwa 6 ga Janairu 2021 lokacin da wa'adin ofishin shugaban kasa da ministocinsa ya kare. A watan Mayun 2017, Shugaba Nana Akufo-Addo ya nada Prempeh a matsayin wani bangare na ministoci goma sha tara da za su kafa majalisar ministocinsa.<ref name="carbi" /> An mika sunayen ministoci 19 ga majalisar dokokin Ghana kuma kakakin majalisar [[Aaron Mike Oquaye|Mike Ocquaye]] ya sanar.<ref name="carbi" /> A matsayinsa na ministan majalisar ministoci, Prempeh yana cikin da'irar shugaban kasa kuma yana taimakawa a muhimman ayyukan yanke shawara a kasar.<ref name="carbi">{{cite web|last1=FM|first1=Citi|title=Arts Minister Catherine Afeku makes it to Cabinet|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Arts-Minister-Catherine-Afeku-makes-it-to-Cabinet-542839|website=ghanaweb.com|publisher=ghanaweb|accessdate=7 July 2017|archive-date=31 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731025902/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Arts-Minister-Catherine-Afeku-makes-it-to-Cabinet-542839|url-status=dead}}</ref> Prempeh ya kuma ba da gudunmowa ga bangaren ilimi na kasar Ghana a matsayin ministan ilimi kamar inganta ababen more rayuwa da inganta ilimin sana<nowiki>'a da fasaha (TVET) da kuma jagorantar shirin gwamnati na ''FREE SHS''</nowiki>.<ref>{{Cite web|title=We’ve initiated 1,011 SHS projects since 2017— NAPO|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/education/ghana-news-we-ve-initiated-1-011-shs-projects-since-2017-napo.html|access-date=2020-12-07|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-14|title=We’ve invested over $800 million in education sector since 2017 – Matthew Opoku Prempeh|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2020/10/weve-invested-over-800-million-in-education-sector-since-2017-matthew-opoku-prempeh/|access-date=2020-12-08|website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref> === Kwamitoci === Prempeh memba ne na kwamitin tsaro da na cikin gida sannan kuma memba ne a kwamitin nadi.<ref name=":2" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ya bayyana a matsayin Kirista<ref name=":2" /> kuma kane ne ga tsohon shugaban Ghana, [[John Kufuor]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Kufuor Grandson Joins Race|language=en-GB|work=ModernGhana.com|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/161061/1/kufuor-grandson-joins-race.html|access-date=2017-05-13}}</ref> An sake shi.<ref name="ghanamps.com" /> A cikin watan Mayun shekarar 2022, wata ƙungiya mai suna Abokan NAPO sun gabatar da wasu kayan ilimi ga makarantu a mazabar Manhyia ta Kudu don bikin cikarsa shekaru 54 da haihuwa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-05-24|title=Group donates to schools to mark NAPO’s 54th birthday|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2022/05/group-donates-to-schools-to-mark-napos-54th-birthday/|access-date=2022-05-24|website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 9zj5gsh6pem37zkjn07xhudpkxcdk0p 3 40906 842675 207266 2026-05-29T18:31:30Z Mfield 41477 Mfield moved page [[Tattaunawar user:DejiJJ]] to [[Tattaunawar user:Kongo96]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/DejiJJ|DejiJJ]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Kongo96|Kongo96]]" 207266 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, DejiJJ! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/DejiJJ|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:01, 10 ga Janairu, 2023 (UTC) h0v855o3o3thecl939ofjuuhm2jtvh6 0 42553 843302 828955 2026-05-30T10:25:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843302 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism}} [[File:Mahamadou Issoufou VOA 150 4dec04.jpg|thumb|[[Mahamadou Issoufou]] yana magana da manema labarai a lokacin yaƙin neman zabensa na 2004.]] '''Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism''' ( {{Lang-fr|Parti Nigerien pour la Democratie et le Socialisme}}, PNDS-Tarayya) jam'iyyar siyasa ce a [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]]. Jam'iyya ce mai ra'ayin hagu,<ref>http://archive.ipu.org/parline-f/reports/arc/1237_99.htm</ref> wani ɓangare ne na Socialist International,<ref>https://www.socialistinternational.org/about-us/members/</ref> kuma tun 2011 take kan karagar mulki bayan zaɓen shugabanta [[Mahamadou Issoufou]] wanda ya daɗe yana mulki. [[Mohamed Bazoum]] shi ne shugaban jam'iyyar PNDS, kuma babban sakatarenta shine [[Foumakoye Gado]]. "Tarayya" tana nufin "taro" a cikin [[harshen Hausa]].<ref>https://pnds-tarayya.net/notre-histoire/</ref> == Tarihi == === Jamhuriya ta uku === An kafa jam'iyyar a ranar 23 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1990,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://pnds-tarraya.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=6 |access-date=2023-03-03 |archive-date=2007-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929151916/http://pnds-tarraya.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=6 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ta lashe kujeru 13 daga cikin kujeru 83 na Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa a zaɓen 'yan majalisu na Fabrairu shekarar 1993.<ref name=":0">https://africanelections.tripod.com/ne.html{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":1">https://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Contact-us/This-website-was-recently-revamped?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=11625</ref> biyar daga cikinsu an ci nasara a sashen gida na Issoufou na [[Tahoua (sashe)|Sashen Tahoua]]. A zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ya biyo baya, zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyu da yawa na farko, shugaban PNDS Mahamadou Issoufou, ya zo na uku da kashi 15.92% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa a zagayen farko.<ref name=":0" /> A wani ɓangare na ƙawance da ake kira Alliance of the Forces of Change, jam'iyyar PNDS ta goyi bayan [[Mahamane Ousmane]] na jam'iyyar CDS a zagaye na biyu, inda Ousmane ya doke [[Mamadou Tandja|Tandja Mamadou]] na jam'iyyar National Movement for the Development of Society (MNSD). A majalisar dokokin ƙasar, jam'iyyar PNDS ta zama wani ɓangare na jam'iyyar AFC mai rinjaye, kuma Issoufou ya zama Firayim Minista.<ref name=":1" /> A cikin wata doka da aka bayar a ranar 21 ga watan Satumban shekara ta 1994, Ousmane ya ƙarfafa ikonsa ta hanyar amfani da na Firayim Minista, kuma Issoufou ya yi murabus a ranar 28 ga watan Satumba. Jam’iyyar PNDS dai ba ta so ta gabatar da wani ɗan takara da zai maye gurbin Issoufou ya fice daga jam’iyyar AFC, wanda hakan ya sa jam’iyyar ta AFC ta samu rinjaye a majalisar. Daga nan ne jam'iyyar PNDS ta ƙulla ƙawance da jam'iyyar adawa ta MNSD duk da tarihin ƙiyayya da jam'iyyar; An kori Adji Kirgam da Mazou Ibrahim, shugabannin PNDS biyu da ke adawa da wannan ƙawancen daga jam’iyyar.<ref name=":1" /> Rashin rinjayen jam'iyyar AFC ya kai ga fara zaɓen 'yan majalisar dokoki a watan Janairun shekarar 1995, wanda jam'iyyar PNDS ta samu kujeru 12 sannan ƙawancen MNSD-PNDS tare da wasu ƙananan kungiyoyi biyu suka samu rinjayen kujeru a majalisar dokokin ƙasar. [[Hama Amadou]] na jam'iyyar MNSD ya zama Firaminista yayin da Issoufou ya zama shugaban majalisar dokokin ƙasar. Wannan lamari dai ya haɗa da zaman tare tsakanin sabuwar gwamnati da shugaba Ousmane, kuma gamuwa mai tsanani ta shiga tsakaninsu. A watan Janairun shekarar 1996, sojoji ƙarƙashin [[Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara|Ibrahim Bare Mainassara]] suka ƙwace mulki a wani juyin mulki.<ref name=":1" /> === Mulkin Soja da Jamhuriya ta Huɗu === A zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da aka gudanar a watan Yulin shekarar 1996 da Mainassara ya lashe a zagayen farko, ɗan takarar jam'iyyar PNDS Issoufou a hukumance ya zo na huɗu da kashi 7.60% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa.<ref name=":0" /> Tare da sauran jam'iyyun adawa, waɗanda aka haɗa tare a matsayin Front for the Restoration and Defence of Democracy, PNDS ta ƙauracewa zaɓen 'yan majalisa na Nuwamba shekara ta 1996.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.afrique-express.com/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-03-03 |archive-date=2004-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041028015111/http://www.afrique-express.com/archive/OUEST/niger/gvts/nigergvt05012000.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Jamhuriya ta biyar === Bayan wani juyin mulkin da aka yi a watan Afrilun Shekara ta 1999, Issoufou ya zo na biyu a zagayen farko na takarar shugaban ƙasa a babban zaɓen da aka gudanar a ƙarshen shekarar, inda ya samu kashi 22.79% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa. A zagaye na biyu ya samu kashi 40.11% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa kuma Tandja ya doke shi. A zaɓen 'yan majalisar dokoki, jam'iyyar PNDS ta samu kujeru 16 daga cikin kujeru 83 na majalisar dokokin ƙasar,<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20051018053532/http://democratie.francophonie.org/IMG/pdf/RAPPORT_DE_LA_MISSION_D_OBSERVATION_DES_ELECTIONS_PRESIDENTIELLES_ET_LEGISLATIVES_DES_17_OCTOBRE_ET_24_NOVEMBRE_1999_.pdf</ref> ta zama babbar jam'iyyar adawa. A babban zaɓen shekara ta 2004, Issoufou ya sake zama ɗan takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar. Ya zo na biyu a zagayen farko na zaɓen da kashi 24.6% na ƙuri’un, kuma Tandja ya sake kayar da shi a zagaye na biyu. A zaɓen 'yan majalisar dokoki, jam'iyyar PNDS ta samu kashi 13.4% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa kuma ta samu kujeru 17 daga cikin 113; Kujeru takwas ne ƙawancen jam'iyyar PNDS tare da jam'iyyar Progressive Party - African Democratic Rally, Nigerien self-Management Party , da Union of Independent Nigerien da kuma Union for Democracy and the Republic. === Jamhuriya ta Shida === Jam'iyyar ta ƙauracewa zaɓen 'yan majalisar dokoki na shekarar 2009.<ref>https://africanelections.tripod.com/ne.html{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === Jamhuriya ta bakwai === Jam'iyyar ta fafata a zaɓen Shekarar 2011, inda Issoufou ya zama shugaban ƙasa a zagaye na biyu, inda ya doke [[Seyni Oumarou]] na jam'iyyar MNSD, yayin da ta zama jam'iyya mafi girma a majalisar dokokin ƙasar, inda ta samu kujeru 34 daga cikin 113. An sake zaɓen Issoufou a zaɓen shekara ta 2016 a daidai lokacin da abokin hamayyarsa [[Hama Amadou]] ya ƙauracewa zaɓen zagaye na biyu. Jam'iyyar PNDS ta ci gaba da riƙe matsayinta na jam'iyya mafi girma a majalisar dokokin ƙasar, inda ta samu kujeru 75 a cikin kujeru 171 da aka faɗaɗa. == Tarihin zaɓe == === Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Zaɓe ! rowspan="2" | Ɗan takarar jam'iyya ! '''Ƙuri'u''' ! '''%''' ! '''Ƙuri'u''' ! '''%''' ! rowspan="2" | Sakamako |- ! colspan="2" | Zagaye na Farko ! colspan="2" | Zagaye Na Biyu |- | 1993 | rowspan="6" | [[Mahamadou Issoufou]] | 205,707 | 15.92% | - | - | '''Rasa''' |- | 1996 | 183,826 | 7.60% | <nowiki>-</nowiki> | <nowiki>-</nowiki> | '''Rasa''' |- | 1999 | 435,041 | 22.79% | 710,923 | 40.11% | '''Rasa''' |- | 2004 | 599,792 | 24.60% | 794,357 | 34.47% | '''Rasa''' |- | 2011 | 1,192,945 | 36.16% | 1,797,382 | 58.04% | '''Zaɓe''' |- | 2016 | 2,252,016 | 48.43% | 4,105,499 | 92.49% | '''Zaɓe''' |- | [[Babban Zaɓen Nijar na 2020|2020-21]] | [[Mohamed Bazoum|Mohammed Bazoum]] | 1,879,629 | 39.30% | 2,490,049 | 55.67% | '''Zaɓe''' |} === Zaɓen majalisar dokokin ƙasa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" !Zabe ! Shugaban jam'iyya ! '''Ƙuri'u''' ! '''%''' ! '''Kujeru''' ! +/- ! '''Matsayi''' |- | 1993 | rowspan="8" | [[Mahamadou Issoufou]] | 183,150 | 14.62% |{{Composition bar|13|83|hex=#FFAEC9}} | 13 | 4th |- | 1995 | 203,629 | 14.08% |{{Composition bar|12|83|hex=#FFAEC9}} | 1 | 3rd |- | 1996 | colspan="2" | An kaurace wa |{{Composition bar|0|83|hex=#FFAEC9}} | 12 | |- | 1999 | 378,634 | 21.47% |{{Composition bar|16|83|hex=#FFAEC9}} | 16 | 3rd |- | 2004 | 314,810 | 13.76% |{{Composition bar|17|83|hex=#FFAEC9}} | 1 | 3rd |- | 2009 | colspan="2" | An kaurace wa |{{Composition bar|0|83|hex=#FFAEC9}} | 17 | |- | 2011 | 1,066,011 | 33.00% |{{Composition bar|34|113|hex=#FFAEC9}} | 34 | 1st |- | 2016 | 1,701,372 | 35.73% |{{Composition bar|75|171|hex=#FFAEC9}} | 41 | 1st |- | [[Babban Zaɓen Nijar na 2020|2020]] | [[Mohamed Bazoum|Mohammed Bazoum]] | 1,745,266 | 37.04% |{{Composition bar|79|166|hex=#FFAEC9}} | 4 | 1st |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} q6ebr051631vo8gio2tfp0mk9qiwwkn 0 42572 843301 828954 2026-05-30T10:24:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843301 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress}} '''Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress''' ( {{Lang-fr|Alliance nigérienne pour la démocratie et le progrès}}, ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) jam'iyyar siyasa ce a [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]]. == Jagoran jam'iyya == Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye ya jagoranci jam'iyyar tun daga kafuwarta a shekarar 1992 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar 2009. == Tarihi == === Ƙarni na 20 === Djermakoye shi ne shugaban ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyin biyu da suka fito a cikin National Movement for Development of Society (MNSD) a 1991.<ref name=":0">Myriam Gervais, "Niger: Regime Change, Economic Crisis, and Perpetuation of Privilege", in ''Political Reform in Francophone Africa'' (1997), ed. John F. Clark and David E. Gardinier, pages 100–101.</ref> Shi ɗan ƙabilar [[Zabarmawa|Zarma]] (Djerma) ne, waɗanda a baya suka mamaye jam'iyyar,<ref name=":1">https://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Contact-us/This-website-was-recently-revamped?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=11625</ref> amma an zaɓi shugaban jam'iyyar [[Mamadou Tandja]] a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar MNSD a watan Nuwamba 1991<ref name=":0" /> tare da goyon bayan waɗanda ba Zarma ba. a cikin jam'iyyar. Daga nan sai Djermakoye ya ɓalle daga jam’iyyar MNSD ya kafa ƙungiyar Abokan Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye (CAMAD), wacce daga baya ta zama jam’iyyar Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress (ANDP).<ref name=":1" /> Djermakoye shi ne ɗan takarar jam'iyyar ANDP a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 1993 ; bayan da ya zo na huɗu da kashi 15.24% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa a zagayen farko,<ref name=":2">https://africanelections.tripod.com/ne.html{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> jam'iyyar ANDP, a wani ɓangare na ƙawancen da ake kira Alliance of the Forces of Change (AFC), wanda ke goyon bayan ɗan takara na biyu [[Mahamane Ousmane]] na jam'iyyar Democrat . da social convention a zagaye na biyu na zaɓen, kuma Ousmane ya yi nasara a kan Tandja na MNSD. ANDP ta kafa wani ɓangare na rinjayen 'yan majalisar dokokin AFC bayan zaɓen 'yan majalisu na 1993, inda ANDP ta samu kujeru 11, inda Djermakoye ya zama shugaban majalisar dokokin ƙasar.<ref name=":1" /> Ana ganin rabuwar da ANDP ta yi da MNSD na da matukar muhimmanci wajen bai wa 'yan adawa damar samun nasara.<ref name=":0" /> Mafi rinjayen jam’iyyar AFC ciki har da ANDP sun daɗe har sai da jam’iyyar PNDS ta Nijar ta ɓalle daga jam’iyyar AFC a watan Satumban 1994, wanda ya kai ga sabon zaɓen ‘yan majalisar dokoki a watan Janairun 1995 inda jam’iyyar adawa ta AFC ta sha kaye a hannun gamayyar jam’iyyun adawa da suka haɗa da farko. MNSD da PNDS. ANDP ta samu kujeru tara sannan ta ci gaba da zama a jam’iyyar AFC a adawa.<ref name=":1" /> Bayan juyin mulkin soja na Janairu 1996, Djermakoye ya sake tsayawa takarar shugaban ƙasa a matsayin ɗan takarar jam'iyyar ANDP a zaɓen Yuli 1996, ya ƙare a matsayi na biyar da kashi 4.77% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa.<ref name=":2" /> Bayan nasarar Mainassara, ANDP ta gane hakan kuma ta goyi bayansa.<ref name=":3">https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Newsletters/irinw196.html</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.afrique-express.com/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-03-03 |archive-date=2004-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041028015111/http://www.afrique-express.com/archive/OUEST/niger/gvts/nigergvt05012000.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> A zaɓen ‘yan majalisu da aka gudanar a watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1996, wanda ‘yan adawa suka ƙauracewa zaɓen, jam’iyyar ANDP ta lashe kujeru takwas, inda ta zama jam’iyya ta biyu mafi girma a majalisar dokokin ƙasar.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.afrique-express.com/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-03-03 |archive-date=2004-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041028015111/http://www.afrique-express.com/archive/OUEST/niger/gvts/nigergvt05012000.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> A farkon 1998 ANDP ta shiga ƙawancen goyon bayan Mainassara na jam'iyyu uku, Alliance of Democratic and Social Forces.<ref>https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Newsletters/irinw137.html</ref> A ranar 28 ga Afrilu, 1998, Djermakoye ya ba da sanarwar cewa ANDP ta rabu da Mainassara, yana mai zargin cewa na biyun ya "ƙasƙantar da jam'iyyar tare da ware".<ref name=":3" /> Bayan wani juyin mulki a watan Afrilun 1999, inda aka kashe Mainassara, Djermakoye shi ne ɗan takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar a babban zaɓen watan Oktoba, inda ya ƙare a matsayi na biyar da kashi 7.73% na ƙuri'un,<ref name=":2" /> yayin da ANDP ta lashe kujeru huɗu a zaɓen 'yan majalisar dokoki.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4">https://web.archive.org/web/20051018053532/http://democratie.francophonie.org/IMG/pdf/RAPPORT_DE_LA_MISSION_D_OBSERVATION_DES_ELECTIONS_PRESIDENTIELLES_ET_LEGISLATIVES_DES_17_OCTOBRE_ET_24_NOVEMBRE_1999_.pdf</ref> Djermakoye ya goyi bayan ɗan takarar PNDS [[Mahamadou Issoufou]] a zagaye na biyu na zaɓen shugaban ƙasar, ko da yake Issoufou ya sha kaye a hannun ɗan takarar MNSD Tandja.<ref name=":4" /> Bayan zaɓen ne sai jam'iyyar ANDP ta shiga adawa ta koma jam'iyyar 'yan majalisa ɗaya da jam'iyyar RDP-Jama'a.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20020830094821/http://www.assemblee.ne/organes/ldpgp.htm</ref> === Ƙarni na 21 === A cikin watan Yulin 2002, jam'iyyar ANDP ta shiga ƙawancen masu rinjaye na majalisa, Alliance of Democratic Forces, inda ta bar jam'iyyar adawa ta Coordination of Democratic Forces.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.afrique-express.com/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-03-03 |archive-date=2004-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041028015111/http://www.afrique-express.com/archive/OUEST/niger/gvts/nigergvt05012000.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Djermakoye ya shiga gwamnati a matsayin Ƙaramin Minista a watan Nuwamba 2002, yana aiki a wannan muƙamin har zuwa Disamba 2004.<ref>https://www.izf.net/</ref> A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2004, a babban taron jam'iyyar ANDP na uku, jam'iyyar ta sake zaɓar Djermakoye a matsayin ɗan takararta na shugaban ƙasa a babban zaɓe mai zuwa, yana mai cewa bai yi niyyar sake tsayawa takara a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2009 ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://africatime.com/niger/nouvelle.asp?no_nouvelle=143842 |access-date=2023-03-03 |archive-date=2012-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205095840/http://www.africatime.com/niger/nouvelle.asp?no_nouvelle=143842 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A zaɓen shugaban ƙasa, ya samu kashi 6% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa, inda ya samu matsayi na biyar.<ref name=":2" /> Kamar sauran jam’iyyu uku da aka fitar da ‘yan takararsu a zagayen farko, jam’iyyar ANDP ta marawa Tandja baya a zagaye na biyu.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110718101400/http://www.french.xinhuanet.com/french/2004-11/23/content_49745.htm</ref> A zaɓen 'yan majalisar dokoki jam'iyyar ta samu kashi 5.44% na yawan ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa, inda ta lashe kujeru biyar daga cikin kujeru 113.<ref name=":2" /> Djermakoye ya mutu a watan Yuni 2009.<ref>http://www1.rfi.fr/actufr/articles/114/article_81892.asp</ref> Jam'iyyar ta kasance wani ɓangare ne na ƙungiyar haɗin kan dakarun kare Dimokuraɗiyya da jamhuriyar jamhuriyar da ta ƙauracewa zaɓen 'yan majalisar dokoki na shekarar 2009 . Ɗan uwan Djermakoye [[Moussa Moumouni Djermakoye]], wanda ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja, an zaɓe shi a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar ANDP a wani babban taron jam'iyyar a ranar 20 ga watan Yunin 2010. Ya lashe zaɓen cikin sauƙi; ya samu ƙuri'u 278, yayin da Amadou Nouhou ya samu ƙuri'u 85, Ali Seyni Gado ya samu ƙuri'u 66.<ref>M. Bako, "L'ancien Colonel Moussa Moumouni Djermakoye élu président du Parti", ''Le Sahel'', 21 June 2010 (in French).</ref> Da aka hamɓarar da shugaba Tandja a juyin mulkin 2010, jam'iyyar ANDP ta shiga zaɓen 2011. Moussa Moumouni Djermakoye ya tsaya a matsayin ɗan takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar, inda ya samu kashi 4% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa, kuma ya zo na shida a cikin 'yan takara goma, yayin da jam'iyyar ta samu kujeru takwas a majalisar dokokin ƙasar. A babban taron jam'iyyar ANDP ta shida da aka gudanar a [[Maradi|Maraɗi]] a ranar &#x2013; ga watan Mayun 2015, an sake zaɓen Djermakoye a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar ANDP, inda Ɗan Dije mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko, Mahamadou Adamou mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na biyu, Saley Saidou a matsayin sakatare na gaba.<ref>https://actuniger.com/politique/10061-6eme-congres-ordinaire-de-l-andp-zaman-lahiya-a-maradi-m-moussa-moumouni-djermakoye-reconduit-president-du-parti.html?device=iphone</ref> Jam'iyyar ba ta tsayar da ɗan takara a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa a watan Fabrairun 2016 ba, inda ta zaɓi amincewa da takarar shugaba mai ci [[Mahamadou Issoufou]] a zagayen farko na zaɓen.<ref>https://www.actuniger.com/politique/10859-pr%C3%A9sidentielles-2016-l%E2%80%99andp-de-djermakoye-d%C3%A9clare-forfait-et-s%E2%80%99aligne-derri%C3%A8re-issoufou-mahamadou.html</ref> A zaɓen majalisar da aka yi a lokaci guda, an rage shi zuwa kujeru huɗu a majalisar dokokin ƙasar. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 8d7phwl4bmnxnqgzsmaxcybsiykwiv0 0 44044 842904 533244 2026-05-30T01:37:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842904 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Muhammadu Lawal Bello''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Afrilun na shekara ta 1957) shi ne babban alƙalin babbar kotun shari’a ta [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]], Najeriya. Ya gaji babban alƙali Tanimu Zailani.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://dnllegalandstyle.com/2019/justice-muhammad-lawal-bello-confirmed-as-kaduna-cj/ |access-date=2023-03-15 |archive-date=2023-03-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315114007/https://dnllegalandstyle.com/2019/justice-muhammad-lawal-bello-confirmed-as-kaduna-cj/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://loyalnigerianlawyer.com/tag/justice-mohammed-lawal-bello/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-03-15 |archive-date=2020-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203224244/http://loyalnigerianlawyer.com/tag/justice-mohammed-lawal-bello/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ilimi == Bello ya halarci makarantar Sardauna Memorial College Kaduna daga shekarar 1969 zuwa 1973. Daga nan ya wuce Kwalejin Gwamnati ta Katsina, inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa. Ya tafi [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello|Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello dake Zariya]] tsakanin 1977 zuwa 1980. Ya tafi Katsina College of Arts and Technology, sannan ya halarci [[Makarantar Koyan Lauya ta Najeriya|makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Najeriya]] tsakanin 1980 zuwa 1981 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://kadunanewsonline.com/kaduna-state-assembly-confirms-justice-lawal-as-chief-justice/ |access-date=2023-03-15 |archive-date=2020-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421061308/https://kadunanewsonline.com/kaduna-state-assembly-confirms-justice-lawal-as-chief-justice/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":0" /> == Aikin shari'a == An tabbatar da Muhammadu Lawal Bello a matsayin babban alƙalin babbar kotun [[Kaduna (jiha)|jihar Kaduna]] a ranar 16 ga Mayun 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://www.highcourt.kd.gov.ng/lawal_bello.html |access-date=2023-03-15 |archive-date=2020-08-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802182702/http://www.highcourt.kd.gov.ng/lawal_bello.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://leadership.ng/</ref><ref>https://www.fcthighcourt.gov.ng/</ref><ref name=":1" /> Ya riƙe ofisoshi daban-daban a sassa daban-daban na [[Najeriya]] tsakanin 1975 zuwa 2018. An naɗa shi muƙaddashin babban alƙalin jihar Kaduna. Ya taɓa zama mataimakin malamai a jihar Kaduna a ƙarƙashin babbar kotun shari’a ta ƙasa mai yi wa ƙasa hidima; Sashen Shari'a [[Majalisar dokokin jihar Benuwai|Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Benue]], Makurɗi. Ya zama Majistare Grade II inda ya kai Babbar Kotun Majistare Zariya. Ya kuma zama babban kotun majistare da ke Lugard Hall Kaduna. Daga nan ya zama Lauya Janar kuma Darakta Janar na Ma’aikatar Shari’a ta Jihar Kaduna. da sauran ofisoshi.<ref>https://freedomradiokaduna.com/?p=2600{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://newnigeriannewspaper.com/2020/02/02/exceptional-sabon-tasha-zone-win-kaduna-schools-sports/ |access-date=2023-03-15 |archive-date=2021-06-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616234629/https://newnigeriannewspaper.com/2020/02/02/exceptional-sabon-tasha-zone-win-kaduna-schools-sports/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.lawyard.ng/the-nigerian-legal-system/kaduna/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-03-15 |archive-date=2023-03-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315114747/https://www.lawyard.ng/the-nigerian-legal-system/kaduna/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1957]] 8rcpybwnjdgabbtwykgpmed2v4ly5bs 0 44436 842850 836757 2026-05-29T22:26:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842850 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Pages using infobox officeholder with unknown parameters|Educational backgroundMohammed Shata]] '''Mohammed Shata''' ɗan siyasar Najeriya ne wanda ya yi aiki a majalisar ministocin shugaba [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] tsakanin 1999 zuwa 2003. == Obasanjo cabinet == A cikin watan Yulin 1999 Majalisar Dattawa ta wanke naɗin da Shugaba [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] na Shata ya yi a matsayin Ministan Tsare-tsare na Ƙasa.<ref>''IRIN-WA Weekly Round-up 27 covering the period'', UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - Integrated Regional Information Network for West Africa, 3–9 July 1999</ref> A matsayinsa na ƙaramin ministan harkokin cikin gida, a cikin watan Satumban shekarar 2000 Shata ya ce kashi ɗaya bisa uku na mutane 44,000 da ke jiran shari’a a Najeriya suna gidan yari. Ya ce an ƙara wa jami’an hidima a gidan yari ƙarin girma 9,707 domin bunƙasa ayyukansu.<ref>http://idh.cidi.org:8080/humanitarian/irin/wafrica/00b/0011.html{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban 2001 Shata ya ce nan ba da jimawa ba Nijar da Najeriya za su ƙaddamar da sintiri na haɗin gwiwa a kan iyakokinsu domin duba laifukan da suka shafi kan iyaka.<ref>https://www.encyclopedia.com/404</ref> A cikin watan Nuwamban 2001 Shata ya ce gwamnati na shirin bayar da katin shaida na musamman ga baki da ke zaune a ƙasar domin inganta tsaro saboda harin da aka kai a Amurka a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba.<ref>http://idh.cidi.org:8080/humanitarian/irin/wafrica/01b/ixl17.html{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A matsayinsa na Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida, a cikin watan Janairun 2003 Shata ya zargi "masu aikata ɓarna" da wani rahoto da ke cewa jami'an shige da fice na shirin shiga yajin aikin.<ref>http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-22426296_ITM</ref> A wannan watan, ya ce shirye-shiryen ƙaddamar da katin shaidar ɗan ƙasa a ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu na gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, inda aka ware naira biliyan 10 domin biyan ƴan kwangila.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.questia.com/hbr-welcome |access-date=2023-03-18 |archive-date=2020-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513074000/https://www.questia.com/hbr-welcome |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Mayun 2003 Shata ya bayyana cewa yawan al'ummar Najeriya yana tsakanin miliyan 160 zuwa 170, maimakon miliyan 120 da aka yi hasashen, bisa la'akari da adadin rajistar katin zaɓe da katin shaida.<ref>http://www.dawodu.com/aluko48.htm</ref> Dr Mohammed Shata shi ne Pro-Chancellor Federal University of Technology Akure, Jihar Ondo dake Najeriya. == Daga bayan aiki == Bayan ya bar mulki Shata, an gurfanar da magabacinsa a matsayin ministan harkokin cikin gida [[Sunday Afolabi (ɗan siyasa)|Sunday Afolabi]] da tsohon ministan ƙwadago [[Hussaini Akwanga]] bisa zargin almundahana da suka shafi shirin katin shaidar ɗan ƙasa. An bayar da belinsu a cikin watan Disambar 2003. Haka kuma an bayar da belin sakataren [[Peoples Democratic Party|jam’iyyar]] PDP na farko na ƙasa, tsohon gwamnan [[Enugu (jiha)|jihar Enugu]], Okwesilieze Nwodo da babban sakataren ma’aikatar harkokin cikin gida.<ref>http://www.dawodu.com/aluko48.htm</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1950]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] rajlkvrvgt7se5r5pbj55jc139kpxv0 0 44451 843283 526138 2026-05-30T09:54:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843283 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nicolas Jackson''' , (An haife shi a shekara ta dubu biyu da daya miladiyya 2001), kwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|dan wasan kwallon]] kafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba ga kulob din Villarreal na Sipaniya. An haife shi a Gambiya, yana wakiltar tawagar kasar [[Senegal]]. == Aikin kulob == Jackson ya fara aikinsa tare da Wasannin Casa, kasancewa wani bangare na Kungiyar farko a lokacin kakar shekarar 2018–2019 . <ref>{{cite web|url=https://lsfp.sn/player/nicolas-jackson/|title=Nicolas Jackson|publisher=Ligue Sénégalaise de Football Professionnel|language=fr|accessdate=7 October 2020}}{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An kuma nada shi gwarzon dan wasan a wasan da suka tashi 1-1 da AS Pikine a ranar 16 ga watan Nuwambar 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lsfp.sn/as-pikine-vs-casa-sports-1-1-les-pikinois-tenus-en-echec-a-domicile/|title=AS Pikine vs Casa Sports (1–1): les Pikinois tenus en échec à domicile|trans-title=AS Pikine vs Casa Sports (1–1): the ''Pikinois'' held in check at home|publisher=Ligue Sénégalaise de Football Professionnel|language=fr|date=23 November 2018|accessdate=7 October 2020}}{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A cikin watan Satumbar 2019, Jackson ya amince da kwangila tare da Villarreal ta La Liga CF, <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.galsenfoot.com/mercato-diomansy-camara-fait-signer-un-joueur-du-casa-sport-a-villarreal/|title=Mercato: Diomansy Camara fait signer un joueur du Casa Sport à Villarreal|trans-title=Transfer market: Diomansy Camara signs a Casa Sport player at Villarreal|publisher=Galsenfoot|language=fr|date=4 September 2019|accessdate=7 October 2020|archive-date=9 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809234650/https://www.galsenfoot.com/mercato-diomansy-camara-fait-signer-un-joueur-du-casa-sport-a-villarreal/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.castelloninformacion.com/nicolas-jackson-reforzara-filiales-villarreal-delantero-senegales/|title=El Villarreal firma al joven delantero Nicolás Jackson el 'Neymar' senegalés para uno de sus dos filiales|trans-title=Villarreal sign young forward Nicolás Jackson the Senegalese 'Neymar' to one of their reserve teams|publisher=Castellón Información|language=es|date=3 September 2019|accessdate=7 October 2020}}</ref> ana sanya shi cikin tawagar ''Juvenil A.'' A ranar 5 ga watan Oktoba na shekara mai zuwa, bayan ya gama Kirkirar sa, an ba shi rancen zuwa Segunda División CD Mirandés don kakar 2020-2021 . Jackson ya fara wasansa na farko na Kwararru a ranar 18 ga watan Oktobar 2020, yana zuwa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin na biyu [[Antonio Caballero]] a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 gida da RCD Mallorca . Ya zira kwallonsa na farko na Kwararru a ranar 28 ga watan Nuwamba, inda ya zira kwallon a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida 1-1 da CD Castellon .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/segunda-division/mirandes-vs-castellon/cronica/2020/11/28/5fc2ad0d46163f31b98b459a.html|title=El Castellón se crece y araña un buen punto de Anduva|trans-title=Castellón grow big and scratch a good point out of Anduva|publisher=Marca|language=es|date=28 November 2020|accessdate=30 November 2020}}</ref> Bayan ya dawo, Jackson ya buga wa kungiyar B- Billarreal wasa a Primera División RFEF kafin ya fara wasansa na farko – da La Liga – a ranar 3 ga watan Oktobar 2021, inda ya maye gurbin Arnaut Danjuma a karshen wasan da suka ci Real Betis da ci 2-0. Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a matakin saman a ranar 13 ga watan Agusta na shekara mai zuwa, inda ya zura kwallon a ragar Real Valladolid da ci 3-0. A ranar 26 ga watan Agustan 2022, Jackson da abokin wasansa Álex Baena an habaka su zuwa babban kungiyar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://villarrealcf.es/en/news/item/35264-baena-and-jackson-officially-become-first-team-players|title=Baena and Jackson officially become first-team players|publisher=Villarreal CF|date=26 August 2022|accessdate=26 August 2022|archive-date=26 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826220932/https://villarrealcf.es/en/news/item/35264-baena-and-jackson-officially-become-first-team-players|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin Janairun 2023, Villarreal ta amince da yarjejeniyar £ 22.5 daga AFC Bournemouth don siyan Jackson amma ya kasa kula da lafiyarsa saboda matsalolin hamstring . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == * [https://villarrealcf.es/en/player/n-jackson/ Bayanan martaba] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325150224/https://villarrealcf.es/en/player/n-jackson/ |date=2023-03-25 }} a gidan yanar gizon Villarreal CF * Nicolas Jackson * {{Soccerway|nicolas-jackson/673753}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 2001]] q3zkwkfhicosa5m2qo61qmyyf4zic10 0 46448 842778 410253 2026-05-29T21:11:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842778 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Moges Taye''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga watan Disamba 1973 a Showa) ɗan wasan tsere ne na [[Itofiya|Habasha]]. Nasarar da ya yi ta zo ne a gasar Marathon na birnin Rome a shekarar 1996, wanda ya yi nasara a cikin lokaci na 2:12:03.<ref>Taye Moges Archived 2011-07-09 at the Wayback Machine . Demadonna. Retrieved on 2010-10-28.</ref> Ya wakilci Habasha a tseren wasan marathon a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya a shekarar 1997, amma ya kasa kammala tseren. A gasar Marathon Istanbul na shekarar 1997 ya yi nasara a cikin rikodin kwas na 2:13:37 - lokacin da bai yi kyau ba kusan shekaru goma. Bayan haka, Taye zai ci gaba da kare kambunsa na tsawon shekaru biyu masu zuwa ya zama mutum daya tilo da ya lashe gasar sau uku. <ref>[http://marathoninfo.free.fr/historique/istanbul.htm Istanbul Marathon winners]. Marathon Info. Retrieved on 2010-10-28.</ref> A cikin shekarar 1998 ya lashe tseren Marathon na Tiberias a lokacin rikodin kwas na 2:12:51, inda ya doke takin da [[Kevin Shaw (athlete)|Kevin Shaw]] ya yi a baya da fiye da minti daya. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121105012714/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-4995179.html Article: Ethiopia's Moges Taye sets new record in Tiberias Marathon ]. ''[[Jerusalem Post]]'' (1998-01-08). Retrieved on 2010-04-30.</ref> Daga baya a wannan shekarar ya lashe gasar gudun marathon na Vienna a shekarar 1998. <ref>[https://www.arrs.run/MaraRank/ATM_Mara1998.htm World Marathon Rankings for 1998] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608122134/https://www.arrs.run/MaraRank/ATM_Mara1998.htm |date=2024-06-08 }}. [[Association of Road Racing Statisticians]]. Retrieved on 2010-04-30.</ref> Ya lashe Marathon Venice a shekarar 2001. Da yake fitowa a karo na biyu a kan titin kasa da kasa, ya yi gudu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya a shekarar 2003 a tseren marathon amma ya kasa kammala tseren. Ya lashe gasar Marathon Nagano a [[Japan]] a shekara ta 2004. == Nasarorin da aka samu == {| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} |- !colspan="6"|Representing {{ETH}} |- |1996 |[[Rome City Marathon]] |[[Rome, Italy]] |bgcolor="gold" | 1st |Marathon |2:12:03 |- |1997 |[[1997 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Athens, Greece]] |&mdash; |Marathon |[[1997 World Championships in Athletics – Men's Marathon|DNF]] |- |1998 |[[Vienna Marathon]] |[[Vienna, Austria]] |bgcolor="gold" | 1st |Marathon |2:10:08 |- |2000 |[[Rome City Marathon]] |[[Rome, Italy]] |4th |Marathon |2:09:49 |- |2001 |[[Venice Marathon]] |[[Venice, Italy]] |bgcolor="gold" | 1st |Marathon |2:11:59 |- |2003 |[[2003 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Paris, France]] |&mdash; |Marathon |[[2003 World Championships in Athletics – Men's Marathon|DNF]] |- |2004 |[[Nagano Olympic Commemorative Marathon|Nagano Marathon]] |[[Nagano, Nagano|Nagano, Japan]] |bgcolor="gold" | 1st |Marathon |2:13:09 |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Moges Taye at World Athletics * [http://marathoninfo.free.fr/athletes/ethiopie/taye_moges.htm Profile] from MarathonFree [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1973]] [[Category:Mutanan Habacha]] [[Category:Yan wasan tsere]] [[Category:Maza]] hp8cogxnqt65atnl4qjjenze48lbzx0 0 46642 842666 614492 2026-05-29T17:43:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842666 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Massa'oud Al Abdurrahman''' (An haife shi a ranar 6 ga watan [[Nuwamba]] a shekarar 1970), tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Aljeriya|na Aljeriya]] wanda ya shafe yawancin aikinsa tare da JS Kabylie . Ya kuma buga wa [[MC Alger]] da MO Constantine kafin ya yi ritaya. Ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya na dama]] da kuma [[Mai buga baya|na tsakiya]] .<ref>{{cite news | title = Messaoud Ait Abderrahmane ancien défenseur des Canaris "Jouer à la JSK était mon rêve d’enfance" | url = http://jskabylie.forumactif.com/t33p45-les-anciennes-gloires-de-la-jsk-itran | author = Oukaci, Hakim | accessdate = April 20, 2012 |newspaper= La Dépêche de Kabylie | language = French }}</ref> Ɗan ƙasar [[Aljeriya|Algeria]] daga shekarar 1990 zuwa 1993, Aït Abdurrahman ya kasance memba na [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Aljeriya|tawagar kasar Algeria]] da ta lashe gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka a shekarar (1990) da kuma gasar cin kofin nahiyar Asiya a (1991) .<ref>{{cite web | url = http://dzfootball.free.fr/EN/Joueurs/fiche/Ait-Abderahmane-Messaoud.html | title = E.N d'Algérie de Football - Les statistiques de Ait-Abderahmane Messaoud مسعود آيت عبد الرحمان | publisher = DZFootball.free.fr | accessdate = April 20, 2012 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Asalin sa == An haife shi a Mostaganem, Aït Abdurrahman ya girma a garin Issers. == Aikin Kulob == Aït Abdurrahman ya fara buga wasa tun yana shekara 12 a kulob din Issers.<ref>http://dzfootball.free.fr/EN/Joueurs/fiche/Ait-Abderahmane-Messaoud.html{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Yana da shekaru 17, ya shiga cikin matasan matasa na JS Kabylie. Bayan wasanni biyu tare da ƙaramin ƙungiyar, Mahiddin Khalef da Stefan Żywotko suka ɗaukaka shi zuwa babban ƙungiyar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120923234143/http://www.dzfoot.com/fiche-1177.php</ref> A lokacin da yake tare da JS Kabylie, ya lashe kofuna da dama, musamman gasar cin kofin zakarun nahiyar Afirka na shekarar (1990).<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120923234121/http://www.dzfoot.com/fiche-1175.php</ref> A ƙarshen kakar 1994–95, Aït Abdurrahman ya bar JS Kabylie ya koma MC Alger. Ya shafe kakar wasa guda a can kafin ya koma MO Constantine, inda zai shafe shekaru uku masu zuwa kafin yayi ritaya.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120923234135/http://www.dzfoot.com/fiche-1176.php</ref> == Aikin Ƙasa == Aït Abdurrahman ya fara taka leda a tawagar ƙwallon ƙafar Algeria a gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta (1990). An saka shi a cikin 'yan wasan farko da za su buga gasar, amma ya janye saboda karatunsa. Koyaya, bayan Rachid Adghigh ya janye saboda rauni, an sake kiran Aït Abdurrahman. A ranar 8 ga Maris, 1990, ya buga wasansa na farko ga ƙungiyar, inda ya fara wasan rukuni na ƙarshe da Masar. Ya buga wasan gaba daya inda Algeria ta ci 2-0. A wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da Senegal, ya fara wasan ne a benci amma an sauya shi a minti na 69, inda ya maye gurbin Kamel Adjas. Ya fara ne a wasan ƙarshe da Najeriya, inda ya buga wasan gaba ɗaya yayin da Aljeriya ta lashe wasan da ci 1-0, inda ta ɗauki kofin nahiya na farko.<ref>http://jskabylie.forumactif.com/t33p45-les-anciennes-gloires-de-la-jsk-itran</ref> == Lamabar yabo a Kulob == • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algerian_Ligue_Professionnelle_1 1988–89, 1989–90 • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAF_Champions_League 1990 • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algerian_Super_Cup 1992 • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algerian_Cup 1991–92, 1993–94 == Lambar yabo a Ƙasa == •Africa Cup of Nations: 1990 •Afro-Asian Cup of Nations: 1991 •Mediterranean Games silver medal: 1993 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Aljeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1970]] n3uscp1c9kgsapkoyqj0oz21n3bzqjw 0 54366 842709 806009 2026-05-29T19:22:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842709 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mildred Okwo''' [[darakta]] ce kuma furodusa a Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Afrinolly meets Nigerian Filmmaker Mildred Okwo |url=http://allafricancinema.com/afrinolly-meets-nigerian-filmmaker-mildred-okwo/ |access-date=22 June 2014 |publisher=allafricancinema.com |archive-date=20 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820010219/http://allafricancinema.com/afrinolly-meets-nigerian-filmmaker-mildred-okwo/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2013 |title=Why I have not Released The Meeting on DVD - Mildred Okwo |url=http://www.ynaija.com/ynaija-interview-why-i-have-not-released-the-meeting-on-dvd-mildred-okwo-movie-director/ |access-date=22 June 2014 |publisher=[[YNaija]]}}</ref> An zaɓe ta don kyautar [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta mafi kyau]] a bikin bayar da [[4th Africa Movie Academy Awards|kyaututtuka na 4 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] . A shekarar 2012, ta jagoranci fim ɗin barkwanci mai suna ''[[Taron (fim na 2012)|The Meeting]]'', wanda ya lashe kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|kyaututtukan nishaɗi na Najeriya]], [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|kyaututtukan Afirka Movie Academy]] da [[Kyautar Fina-finai ta Nollywood|kyaututtukan fina-finan Nollywood]] . == Rayuwar farko, ilimi da aiki == An haifi Okwo a ranar 29 ga Afrilun shekarar 1966 a Legas, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mildred Okwo |url=https://filmfreeway.com/MildredOkwo}}</ref> Ta karanci fasahar wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Benin]], [[Edo|Jihar Edo]], [[Najeriya]] . Ta kuma karanci fannin shari'a a Makarantar Shari'a ta Whittier, Orange County, California, Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=I am Home to lead a Revolution - Mildred Okwo |url=http://nollywoodexpress.com/mildred-okwo-im-home-to-lead-a-revolution-in-nollywood-the-guardian-nigeria/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140622093616/http://nollywoodexpress.com/mildred-okwo-im-home-to-lead-a-revolution-in-nollywood-the-guardian-nigeria/ |archive-date=June 22, 2014 |access-date=22 June 2014 |publisher=nollywoodexpress.com}}</ref> Okwo daraktan fina-finai ne na Najeriya kuma furodusa wanda fina-finansa suka sami naɗin mukamai da kyaututtuka da dama a Afirka, ciki har da AMVCA, AMAA, NMA da "Publix du Prix" a Nollywood Paris. A shekarar 2006, bayan dawowarta Najeriya, ta rubuta, ta shirya tare da bada umarni a fim din ''30 Days'' . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 August 2020 |title=Mildred Okwo: I make actors comfortable to shoot sex scenes |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/mildred-okwo-i-make-actors-comfortable-to-shoot-sex-scenes/}}</ref> Shahararrun 'yan wasan fina-finan Najeriya da suka fito a fim din, ciki har da [[Joke Silva]], [[Najite Dede]], [[Genevieve Nnaji]], [[Segun Arinze]], [[Rita Dominic]], [[Kate Henshaw]] da [[Norbert Young]] . A ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2006, an fitar da ''30 Days'' a Amurka. Ta sami nadin mukamai 10 a kyaututtukan Africa Movie Academy Awards na shekarar 2008, waɗanda suka haɗa da Best Art Direction, Best Screenplay, Best Cinematography da Best Picture. A shekarar 2016, an nada Okwo a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "Women Shaping Africa 50" ta ''mujallar Elle Magazine SA'' kuma ɗaya daga cikin mutane 100 mafi tasiri a Najeriya ta ''[[YNaija|Y'Naija]]'' .com. <ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2016-07-28 |title=#TheIncredibles! Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde, Mildred Okwo, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie & More on Elle Magazine SA's List of “50 Women Shaping Africa” |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/07/theincredibles-omotola-jalade-ekeinde-mildred-okwo-chimamanda-adichie-more-on-elle-magazine-sas-list-of-50-women-shaping-africa/ |access-date=2025-03-30 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2016-12-12 |title=Meet YNaija.com’s 100 Most Influential People in Nigeria in 2016 |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/12/meet-ynaija-coms-100-most-influential-people-in-nigeria-in-2016/ |access-date=2025-03-30 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kwamitin bayar da kyaututtuka na Kwalejin == Okwo, tare da wasu masu sana'ar fina-finan [[Nollywood]] goma sha ɗaya, sun kafa Kwamitin Zaɓen Kyautar Oscar na Najeriya (NOSC) kuma Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyyar Motsi (AMPAS) ta amince da su don nuna fina-finan Najeriya don gabatarwa don Mafi Kyawun Rukunin Fina-finan Harsunan Waje a Gasar Gasar Oscar .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Academy Awards incorporate Nigerian Committee to Screen Nollywood films |url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2014/05/academy-awards-incorporates-nigeria-committee-screen-nollywood-films/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502191105/http://dailyindependentnig.com/2014/05/academy-awards-incorporates-nigeria-committee-screen-nollywood-films/ |archive-date=2 May 2014 |access-date=22 June 2014 |publisher=dailyindependentnig.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Academy Awards incorporate Nigerian Committee to Screen Nollywood films |url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2014/05/academy-awards-incorporates-nigeria-committee-screen-nollywood-films/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502191105/http://dailyindependentnig.com/2014/05/academy-awards-incorporates-nigeria-committee-screen-nollywood-films/ |archive-date=2 May 2014 |access-date=22 June 2014 |publisher=dailyindependentnig.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Oscars approve Committee for Screening Nigerian films |url=http://tribune.com.ng/razzmatazz/item/4447-oscars-approve-committee-for-screening-of-nollywood-movies/4447-oscars-approve-committee-for-screening-of-nollywood-movies |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903202840/http://tribune.com.ng/razzmatazz/item/4447-oscars-approve-committee-for-screening-of-nollywood-movies/4447-oscars-approve-committee-for-screening-of-nollywood-movies |archive-date=3 September 2014 |access-date=22 June 2014 |publisher=tribune.com.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=Major Milstone for Nollywood as Oscars approve Nigerian Committee |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/05/01/major-milestone-for-nollywood-oscars-approve-nigerian-comittee/ |access-date=22 June 2014 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}</ref> == Fim ɗin fim == * ''[[30 Days (2006 fim)|Kwanaki 30]]'' (2006) * ''[[Taron (fim na 2012)|Taron]]'' (2012) * ''[[Suru L'ere]]'' (2016) * ''[[La Femme Anjola]]'' (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title=Are people totally evil? See Mildred Okwo's "La Femme Anjola" |url=https://businessday.ng/life-arts/article/are-people-totally-evil-see-mildred-okwos-la-femme-anjola/}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Kyauta ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! Bayani |- | rowspan="2" | 2022 | rowspan="2" | [[2022 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyaututtukan Zaɓin Masu Kallon Afirka Magic]] | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Jimillar | rowspan="2" | ''[[La Femme Anjola]]''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" | |- | Mafi kyawun Darakta|{{Nom}} |} == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin Jaruman Finafinan Najeriya|Jerin 'Yan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Najeriya]] * [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya|Jerin masu shirya fina-finan Najeriya]] * [[Jerin daraktocin fina-finai na Najeriya|Jerin Daraktocin Fina-finai na Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|2268575}} * Mildred Okwo at Rotten Tomatoes [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1966]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] trvyk8f2f2bg7khk3xqp1bvj5s0o479 0 54969 843054 558772 2026-05-30T06:05:42Z Saad Nuhu 43323 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356660453|Nick Pope (footballer)]]" 843054 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=Nick Pope|image=|fullname=Nicholas David Pope|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1992|4|19}}|birth_place=Soham, Ingila|position=Mai tsaron gida|currentclub=Newcastle United|clubnumber=1|youthclubs1=Ipswich Town|youthclubs2=Soham Town Rangers|years1=2011–2016|clubs1=Charlton Athletic|caps1=24|goals1=0|years2=2011|clubs2=→ Harrow Borough (aro)|caps2=19|goals2=0|years3=2012|clubs3=→ Welling United (aro)|caps3=3|goals3=0|years4=2013|clubs4=→ Cambridge United (aro)|caps4=1|goals4=0|years5=2013–2014|clubs5=→ Aldershot Town (aro)|caps5=24|goals5=0|years6=2014|clubs6=→ York City (aro)|caps6=16|goals6=0|years7=2015|clubs7=→ Bury (aro)|caps7=22|goals7=0|years8=2016–2022|clubs8=Burnley|caps8=141|goals8=0|years9=2022–|clubs9=Newcastle United|caps9=90|goals9=0|nationalyears1=2018–2024|nationalteam1=Ingila|nationalcaps1=10|nationalgoals1=0|club-update=Mayu 2026|nationalteam-update=Mayu 2026}}Nicholas David Pope (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Afrilu 1992) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|Mai tsaron gida]] na kulob din Premier League [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] da ƙungiyar ƙwallon Ingila. Paparoma ya fara aikinsa a cikin Ƙungiyoyin matasa na Ipswich Town kuma bayan an sake shi yana da shekaru 16, ya shiga Bury Town. Ya sanya hannu a kulob din League One Charlton Athletic a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2011, kafin ya sami rance tare da Harrow Borough, Welling United, Cambridge United, Aldershot Town, York City da Bury. A watan Yulin 2016, Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Premier League ta Burnley, inda ya kasance har sai da kulob din ya sake komawa a watan Mayu 2022, bayan haka ya sanya hannu a Newcastle a watan da ya biyo baya. A cikin 2018, Paparoma ya fara bugawa tawagar Ingila, kuma ya kasance memba na gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]] da kuma tawagar gasar cin kocin duniya ta FIFA 2022. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Nicholas David Pope <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2018 |title=Updated squads for 2017/18 Premier League confirmed |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/612828 |access-date=10 February 2018 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> a ranar 19 ga Afrilu 1992 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nick Pope |url=https://www.11v11.com/players/nick-pope-238976/ |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=11v11.com |publisher=AFS Enterprises}}</ref> a Soham, Cambridgeshire . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St Andrew a Soham kuma yana cikin aji ɗaya da 'yan makaranta Holly Wells da Jessica Chapman . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 October 2022 |title=Nick Pope: My rise to England squad |url=https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/nick-pope-my-rise-to-england-squad-started-in-the-stands-at-dagenham-lz30pkh7x |website=[[The Times]]}}</ref> Daga baya ya halarci Makarantar Sarki a kusa da Ely. == Ayyukan kulob din == === Farkon aiki === Mai riƙe da tikitin kakar Ipswich Town, ya fara aikinsa a kungiyar matasa ta kulob din yana da shekaru 10 kuma ya kasance tare da Ipswich har sai an sake shi yana da shekaru 16. Bayan da Ipswich ta sake shi, <ref name="'Never give up on your dream' – ex Ipswich Town youngster Nick Pope ready for the Championship with Charlton Athletic" /> ya shiga kungiyar da ba ta League ba ta Bury Town a shekara ta 2008. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2013 |title=Professional footballer and Old Elean returns to inspire Junior pupils |url=https://www.kingsely.org/professional-footballer-and-old-elean-returns-to-inspire-junior-pupils/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200713095324/https://www.kingsely.org/professional-footballer-and-old-elean-returns-to-inspire-junior-pupils/ |archive-date=13 July 2020 |access-date=26 June 2018 |publisher=King's Ely}}</ref> Bayan ya kalubalanci kuma ya maye gurbin Marcus Garnham na ɗan lokaci, Paparoma ya tabbatar da cewa yana da iyawa a wannan matakin lokacin da ya sa rigar lamba ɗaya ga Bury Town don wasannin farko da yawa bayan da ya fara bugawa tawagar yana da shekaru 16 kawai. <ref>{{Cite web |last=James |first=Alex |date=17 November 2019 |title=The inside story of how Nick Pope's rise from non-league to Premier League |url=https://www.lancs.live/sport/football/football-news/nick-pope-burnley-england-rise-16942170 |access-date=11 August 2022 |website=Lancs Live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2018 |title=Meteoric rise of Suffolk FA keeper |url=https://www.suffolkfa.com/news/2018/mar/22/meteoric-rise-of-suffolk-fa-keeper |access-date=11 August 2022 |publisher=Suffolk FA}}</ref> Manajan Richard Wilkins ya bayyana Paparoma a matsayin "mai kunnawa mafi ƙwarewa don ci gaba ta hanyar matsayi a Kwalejin Wasanni ta Yammacin Suffolk da Bury Town" kuma ya ce "Ina tsammanin Nick Paparoma na iya zuwa gaba. Paparoma kuma memba ne na ƙungiyar Kwalejin Yammacin Yammacin Siffolk kuma ya wakilci ƙungiyar Kwalejojin Ingila. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2018 |title=The Nick Pope journey: From dashed Ipswich dreams to England call-up |url=https://www.suffolknews.co.uk/newmarket/sport/the-nick-pope-journey-from-dashed-ipswich-dreams-to-england-call-up-1-8425497/ |access-date=11 August 2022 |website=Suffolk News}}</ref> === Charlton Athletic === A ranar 24 ga Mayu 2011, kungiyar League One Charlton Athletic ta sanya hannu kan Paparoma bayan 'yan kallo sun hango shi a lokacin da suka ci Billericay Town 2-1 . Daga nan aka gayyace shi zuwa gwaji a Charlton . <ref name="Keeper Nick Pope's Valley move is better by degrees" /> Bayan ya burge ma'aikata a lokacin gwaji, an sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu bayan kungiyoyin biyu sun amince da kunshin diyya, wanda ya hada da Charlton da ke daukar kayan Suffolk a cikin abokantaka kafin kakar 2012-13 (wanda bai iya yin wasa ba saboda rauni). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=Chris |date=30 July 2012 |title=Bury Town v Charlton Athletic Preview |url=https://www.kentsportsnews.com/bury-town-v-charlton-athletic-preview-30-07-2012/ |publisher=Kent Sports News}}</ref> Charlton ya kuma biya Paparoma don ya dauki digiri a kimiyyar wasanni a Jami'ar Roehampton tare da wasu darussan da ya shirya ya dauka a Jami'an Nottingham kafin Charlton ta sanya hannu.<ref name="Keeper Nick Pope's Valley move is better by degrees" /> A ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2012, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Charlton . Ya fara bugawa Charlton da kuma sana'a a ranar 4 ga Mayu 2013, a wasan karshe na kakar 2012-13, a matsayin mai maye gurbin David Button a minti na 71 a nasarar da Charlton ta samu a gida 4-1 a kan Bristol City da ta riga ta ragu a gasar zakarun Turai. Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru uku tare da Charlton a watan Satumbar 2013, kuma ya yi sharhi cewa "Babban kulob ne don haka samun makomar dogon lokaci, a gare ni, a matsayin dan wasan da ke tasowa, wani abu ne da kuke nema". A ranar 5 ga Yuni 2014, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru hudu, yana tabbatar da makomar sa ga Charlton har zuwa Yuni 2018. <ref name="Charlton Athletic">{{Cite web |last=Liddle |first=Iain |date=5 June 2014 |title=Nick Pope commits to Charlton until 2018 |url=http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/20140605-nick-pope-contract-extension-1611918.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809015159/http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/20140605-nick-pope-contract-extension-1611918.aspx |archive-date=9 August 2016 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C.}}</ref> ==== Magana ta rance ==== [[Fayil:Nick_Pope_26-04-2014_1.jpg|thumb|Paparoma yana wasa a Birnin York a shekarar 2014]] A watan Agustan shekara ta 2011, Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Harrow Borough ta Isthmian League Premier Division a kan yarjejeniyar aro har zuwa 17 ga Satumba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Matt |date=24 August 2011 |title=Pope heads to Harrow |url=http://www.cafc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10267~2417528,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612091440/http://www.cafc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10267~2417528,00.html |archive-date=12 June 2012 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C.}}</ref> Yayinda yake can Paparoma ya ci gaba da tsabtace takardu uku kuma ya ceci kisa biyu a wasanni 19.<ref name="Player Info">{{Cite web |title=Player info |url=http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130630040411/http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 |archive-date=30 June 2013 |publisher=Harrow Borough F.C. |via=Pitchero}}</ref> Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Firimiya ta Kettering Town a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2011, amma ba za a iya kammala yarjejeniyar ba saboda an sanya Kettering a karkashin takunkumin canja wuri. A sakamakon haka, ya shiga kungiyar Conference South ta Welling United a ranar 21 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2011 a kan rance kwanaki 28 a maimakon haka.<ref name="Pope pays visit to Welling" /> A ranar 7 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2013, Paparoma ya shiga Cambridge United a cikin Taron Firayim Minista a kan rancen wata daya. Yayinda yake a kulob din, ya buga wasanni tara, yana riƙe da takalma huɗu masu tsabta a cikin tsari.<ref name="Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=N. Pope: Summary |url=https://uk.soccerway.com/players/nick-pope/220636/ |access-date=30 July 2018 |website=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2013, Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Firimiya ta Aldershot Town a kan rancen wata daya. Ya shiga kungiyar League Two ta York City a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 2013 a kan rancen wata daya, amma Charlton ya dawo da shi bayan wasanni biyu kawai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 November 2013 |title=Nick Pope in on loan |url=http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-in-on-loan-1188354.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701073030/http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-in-on-loan-1188354.aspx |archive-date=1 July 2016 |publisher=York City F.C.}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2014, Paparoma ya koma York kan aro don sauran kakar 2013-14, yana riƙe da takardu 16 masu tsabta a wasanni 24.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2014 |title=Nick Pope back in on loan |url=http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-back-in-on-loan-1298261.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701065312/http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-back-in-on-loan-1298261.aspx |archive-date=1 July 2016 |publisher=York City F.C.}}</ref><ref name="Charlton Athletic">{{Cite web |last=Liddle |first=Iain |date=5 June 2014 |title=Nick Pope commits to Charlton until 2018 |url=http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/20140605-nick-pope-contract-extension-1611918.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809015159/http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/20140605-nick-pope-contract-extension-1611918.aspx |archive-date=9 August 2016 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C.}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLiddle2014">Liddle, Iain (5 June 2014). </cite></ref> A ranar 6 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2015, Paparoma ya shiga Bury kan aro don sauran [[Bury F.C.|Kabari]] 2014-15. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Liddle |first=Iain |date=6 January 2015 |title=New goalkeeper signs, Pope departs on loan |url=http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/marko-dmitrovic-signs-from-ujpest-nick-pope-signs-for-bury-on-loan-2185720.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429220208/http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/marko-dmitrovic-signs-from-ujpest-nick-pope-signs-for-bury-on-loan-2185720.aspx |archive-date=29 April 2017 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa a wasan 1-1 a gida tare da Wycombe Wanderers a ranar 17 ga watan Janairun 2015. Ya buga wasanni 22 yayin da Bury ya sami ci gaba bayan ya kammala a matsayi na uku a League Two . === Burnley === ==== 2016-2019: Mai tsaron kofin, nasarar da aka samu a kungiyar farko, da rauni ==== A ranar 19 ga watan Yulin 2016, Paparoma ya shiga sabuwar kungiyar Burnley ta Premier League a kwangilar shekaru uku don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. Ya fara fafatawa a wasan farko da Burnley ta yi da 1-0 a hannun Accrington Stanley a zagaye na biyu na gasar cin Kofin FA, tare da nasarar da ta samu daga Matty Pearson a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. Ya ci gaba da zama mai tsabta ga Burnley a wasan 0-0 da suka yi a [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]] a zagaye na uku na FA Cup a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2017. Ya sake maimaita wannan nasarar a karon farko a gida, yayin da Burnley ta lashe wasan 2-0. Paparoma ya fara buga gasar Firimiya a ranar 10 ga Satumba 2017, inda ya maye gurbin Tom Heaton da ya ji rauni a rabi na farko na nasarar 1-0 a gida a kan Crystal Palace . Ya fara gasar Firimiya ta farko a mako mai zuwa, a ranar 16 ga Satumba, a wasan 1-1 da [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] a Anfield . Ya ci gaba da zama a cikin tawagar kuma ya taka leda a duk sauran wasannin Burnley a wannan kakar.<ref name="NP stats">{{Cite web |title=Nick Pope: Premier League Playing Career |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/10079/Nick-Pope/overview |website=Premier League}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Oktoba, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangila don ci gaba da shi a Burnley har zuwa 2020. A ranar 26 ga watan Yulin 2018, ya sha wahala a kafada bayan ya yi karo da [[Sam Cosgrove]] a lokacin da Burnley ta 1-1 draw zuwa [[Aberdeen F.C|Aberdeen]] a cikin 2018-19 UEFA Europa League na biyu na cancanta a zagaye na farko. Burnley ya sanya hannu kan [[Joe Hart]] a ranar 7 ga watan Agusta don samar da kariya ga Paparoma da Tom Heaton, wanda shi ma ya ji rauni. Paparoma ya dawo da tawagar farko a nasarar Burnley 1-0 a gida a kan [[Barnsley FC|Barnsley]] a zagaye na uku na FA Cup, amma bai taka leda a Premier League a wannan kakar ba.<ref name="NP stats">{{Cite web |title=Nick Pope: Premier League Playing Career |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/10079/Nick-Pope/overview |website=Premier League}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.premierleague.com/players/10079/Nick-Pope/overview "Nick Pope: Premier League Playing Career"]. </cite></ref> ==== 2019-2022: Burnley ta lamba daya ==== A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangila tare da Burnley, wanda ke gudana har zuwa shekara ta 2023. A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, Tom Heaton ya sanya hannu ga [[Aston Villa FC|Aston Villa]], ya shirya hanyar ga Paparoma ya zama mai tsaron gida na farko na Burnley. Ya yi nasara sosai a kakar 2019-20, yayin da ya fito a kowane minti na yakin neman zaɓe na Burnley. Da yake zuwa wasan karshe na kakar da [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton]], Paparoma ya kasance daidai a kan takalma masu tsabta tare da Ederson na Manchester City, tare da masu tsaron gida biyu sun ci gaba da 15. A minti na 20 na wasan da Brighton, [[Yves Bissouma]] ya zira kwallaye, ma'ana Paparoma zai gama kakar wasa tare da takalma 15 masu tsabta. Wasan karshe na Manchester City da Norwich City, ya ƙare 5-0 tare da Ederson yana riƙe da takardar shaidarsa ta 16 mai tsabta, yana da'awar Golden Glove kai tsaye, yana doke Paparoma. A ranar 11 ga watan Yulin 2020, Burnley ta kai 1-1 zuwa Liverpool kuma ta zama tawagar da ta dauki maki daga Liverpool a Anfield a wannan kakar. An yaba wa Paparoma sosai saboda rawar da ya taka a wasan, yayin da ya yi wasanni takwas don hana Liverpool cin nasara. <ref>{{Cite web |last=ANI |title=It was like Liverpool against Nick Pope: Klopp hails Burnley goalkeeper after 1–1 draw |url=http://businessworld.in/article/It-was-like-Liverpool-against-Nick-Pope-Klopp-hails-Burnley-goalkeeper-after-1-1-draw/12-07-2020-296606 |access-date=27 July 2020 |website=BW Businessworld}}</ref> Paparoma kawai ya rasa wasanni biyu na Premier League na Burnley a kakar 2021-22, amma bai iya ceton tawagar daga sakewa ba bayan shekaru shida a jere a saman matakin.<ref name="NP stats">{{Cite web |title=Nick Pope: Premier League Playing Career |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/10079/Nick-Pope/overview |website=Premier League}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.premierleague.com/players/10079/Nick-Pope/overview "Nick Pope: Premier League Playing Career"]. </cite></ref> === Newcastle United === Paparoma ya sanya hannu a kulob din Premier League [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2022 a kan kwangilar shekaru hudu don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, wanda Sky Sports ta ruwaito ya zama £ miliyan 10. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai tsabta a karon farko a wasan da Newcastle ta yi 2-0 a gida da Nottingham Forest a ranar bude gasar Premier ta 2022-23.&nbsp; An kori Paparoma saboda gudanar da kwallon a waje da yankin da ya yi a wasan da Newcastle ta yi da Liverpool 2-0 a gida a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu 2023. Kashe shi yana nufin cewa Newcastle ba su da masu tsaron gida na farko da na biyu a Wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin EFL na 2023 da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]]; [[Martin Dúbravka]] ya ci kofin bayan ya buga wa United wasa a zagaye na uku da na huɗu a lokacin aro. Mai tsaron gida na uku [[Loris Karius]] ya fara bugawa yayin da Newcastle ta rasa wasan 2-0. A lokacin kakar, Paparoma da sauri ya tashi zuwa saman a cikin tseren Golden Glove, bayan wasanni shida a jere wanda bai yarda da burin ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dogra |first=Anish |date=30 March 2023 |title=Race for Golden Glove set for thrilling final |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3123317 |access-date=11 August 2022 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> Ya ci gaba da wannan jagorancin makonni da yawa, amma a wannan lokacin, kawai ya rubuta takarda mai tsabta, kuma daga ƙarshe David de Gea na Manchester United ya wuce shi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2023 |title=De Gea wins 2022/23 Golden Glove award outright |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3445926 |access-date=11 August 2022 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> Daga baya aka bayyana cewa yana wasa da yatsa mai rauni, kuma an yi masa ƙananan tiyata a kai bayan Newcastle ba tare da kwallo ba tare da Leicester City, wanda ya haifar da Newcastle ta koma [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] a karo na farko a cikin shekaru 20. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 May 2023 |title=Pope set for hand surgery after England squad withdrawal |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/articles/cv2wy2zjz7do |access-date=11 August 2022 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> A ranar 6 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2023, kulob din ya ce Paparoma ba zai yi aiki ba har kusan watanni hudu bayan ya ji rauni a kafada a wasan gida da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-06 |title=Howe provides Pope injury update ahead of Everton encounter |url=https://www.nufc.co.uk/news/latest-news/howe-provides-pope-injury-update-ahead-of-everton-encounter/ |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=Newcastle United Football Club |language=en}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == [[Fayil:Nick_Pope_2018-06-13_1.jpg|thumb|Horar da Paparoma tare da Ingila a gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]]]] An kira Paparoma zuwa tawagar Ingila a karo na farko a ranar 15 ga Maris 2018. An ambaci sunansa a cikin 'yan wasa 23 na Ingila don gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]]. Paparoma ya fara bugawa a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2018 a matsayin mai maye gurbin minti na 65 yayin da Ingila ta doke Costa Rica 2-0 a wasan sada zumunci kafin gasar. Ya fara buga wasan farko na kasa da kasa a nasarar da ya yi da Kosovo 4-0 a wasan karshe a UEFA Euro 2020 a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 2019. A watan Maris na 2021, bayan da Ingila ta doke Albania 2-0, Paparoma ya zama [[Mai tsaran raga|Mai tsaron gida]] na farko da ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai tsabta a wasanni shida na farko da aka buga wa kasar. An zaɓi Paparoma don tawagar Ingila ta [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA 2022|Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2022]], amma ya kasance mai maye gurbin [[Jordan Pickford]] ba tare da amfani ba yayin da tawagar ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McNulty |first=Phil |date=10 December 2022 |title=World Cup 2022: England 1-2 France - Harry Kane misses penalty as Three Lions out |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/63843792 |access-date=18 March 2024 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Budurwar Paparoma ta dogon lokaci ita ce Shannon Horlock, 'yar tsohon dan wasan kwallon kafa Kevin Horlock . <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2020 |title=Who is Shannon Horlock, girlfriend of England goalkeeper Nick Pope? |url=https://www.thefocus.news/sports/shannon-horlock/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124144935/https://www.thefocus.news/sports/shannon-horlock/ |archive-date=24 November 2022 |access-date=15 February 2022 |website=The Focus}}</ref> Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, ciki har da 'yar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whitehead |first=Jacob |date=29 August 2023 |title=Watching Nick Pope with his family: The travelling, photos with fans and pre-match lasagne |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4811245/2023/08/29/nick-pope-family-farmers-soham/ |access-date=4 November 2023 |website=The Athletic}}</ref> == Kididdigar aiki == {{Updated|match played 24 May 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin FA ! colspan="2" |Kofin League ! colspan="2" |[[UEFA|Turai]] ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="3" |Kungiyar Bury |2009–10<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Competitions: Player's Appearances – Pope Nicholas |url=https://football.mitoo.co.uk/PlayersHistory2.cfm?PI=489078&LeagueCode=ECFL2009 |access-date=30 October 2023 |website=football.mitoo.co.uk}}</ref> |Yankin Gabas na Ƙasashen Gabas na Ɗaya |8 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |1{{Efn|Appearance in Eastern Counties League Challenge Cup}} |0 |9 |0 |- |2010–11<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Competitions: Player's Appearances – Pope Nicholas |url=https://football.mitoo.co.uk/PlayersHistory2.cfm?PI=609069&LeagueCode=ECFL2010 |access-date=30 October 2023 |website=football.mitoo.co.uk}}</ref> |Yankin Gabas na Ƙasashen Gabas na Ɗaya |8 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4{{Efn|One appearance in [[FA Vase]], two appearances in Eastern Counties League Challenge Cup, one appearance in Eastern Counties League Division One Cup}} |0 |12 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar{{Efn|Team Bury appearances and goals do not include 2008–09 season}} !16 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !5 !0 !21 !0 |- |Birnin Bury |2010–11<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Competitions: Player's Appearances – Pope Nicholas |url=https://football.mitoo.co.uk/PlayersHistory2.cfm?PI=782671&LeagueCode=ISTH2010 |access-date=30 October 2023 |website=football.mitoo.co.uk}}</ref> |Kungiyar Firimiya ta Isthmian |5 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[Isthmian League Cup]]}} |0 |6 |0 |- | rowspan="6" |Charlton Athletic |2011–12 |Ƙungiyar Ɗaya |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |- |2012–13 |Gasar cin kofin |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |1 |0 |- |2013–14 |Gasar cin kofin |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |- |2014–15 |Gasar cin kofin |8 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |9 |0 |- |2015–16 |Gasar cin kofin |24 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |28 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !33 !0 !1 !0 !4 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !38 !0 |- |Harrow Borough (rashin kuɗi) |2011–12<ref name="Player Info">{{Cite web |title=Player info |url=http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130630040411/http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 |archive-date=30 June 2013 |publisher=Harrow Borough F.C. |via=Pitchero}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 "Player info"]. </cite></ref> |Kungiyar Firimiya ta Isthmian |15 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4{{Efn|One appearance in Isthmian League Cup, three appearances in [[FA Trophy]]}} |0 |19 |0 |- |Welling United (rashin kuɗi) |2011–12<ref name="Non-League Club Directory 2013">{{Cite book|edition=Tony}}</ref> |Taron Kudu |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4 |0 |- |Cambridge United (rashin kuɗi) |2012–13<ref name="Soccerway" /> |Taron farko |9 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |9 |0 |- |Aldershot Town (rashin kuɗi) |2013–14<ref name="Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=N. Pope: Summary |url=https://uk.soccerway.com/players/nick-pope/220636/ |access-date=30 July 2018 |website=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://uk.soccerway.com/players/nick-pope/220636/ "N. Pope: Summary"]. </cite></ref> |Taron farko |5 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |5 |0 |- |Birnin York (rashin kuɗi) |2013–14<ref name="sb1314" /> |Ƙungiyar Biyu |22 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[EFL League Two play-offs|League Two play-offs]]}} |0 |24 |0 |- |Bury (rashin kuɗi) |2014–15<ref name="sb1415" /> |Ƙungiyar Biyu |22 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |22 |0 |- | rowspan="7" |Burnley |2016–17 |[[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]] |0 |0 |3 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4 |0 |- |2017–18 |Gasar Firimiya |35 |0 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |38 |0 |- |2018–19 |Gasar Firimiya |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" | - |3 |0 |- |2019–20 |Gasar Firimiya |38 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |38 |0 |- |2020–21 |Gasar Firimiya |32 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |33 |0 |- |2021–22 |Gasar Firimiya |36 |0 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |39 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !141 !0 !7 !0 !6 !0 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !155 !0 |- | rowspan="5" |[[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] |2022–23 |Gasar Firimiya |37 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |42 |0 |- |2023–24 |Gasar Firimiya |15 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |5{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" | - |21 |0 |- |2024–25 |Gasar Firimiya |28 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |32 |0 |- |2025–26 |Gasar Firimiya |27 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |8[h] |0 | colspan="2" | - |36 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !107 !0 !1 !0 !10 !0 !13 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !131 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !379 !0 !9 !0 !20 !0 !14 !0 !12 !0 !434 !0 |} {{Notelist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rdae9ags8fy8r4a3bounvft1hu7b4l0 843055 843054 2026-05-30T06:09:11Z Saad Nuhu 43323 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356660453|Nick Pope (footballer)]]" 843055 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=Nick Pope|image=|fullname=Nicholas David Pope|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1992|4|19}}|birth_place=Soham, Ingila|position=Mai tsaron gida|currentclub=Newcastle United|clubnumber=1|youthclubs1=Ipswich Town|youthclubs2=Soham Town Rangers|years1=2011–2016|clubs1=Charlton Athletic|caps1=24|goals1=0|years2=2011|clubs2=→ Harrow Borough (aro)|caps2=19|goals2=0|years3=2012|clubs3=→ Welling United (aro)|caps3=3|goals3=0|years4=2013|clubs4=→ Cambridge United (aro)|caps4=1|goals4=0|years5=2013–2014|clubs5=→ Aldershot Town (aro)|caps5=24|goals5=0|years6=2014|clubs6=→ York City (aro)|caps6=16|goals6=0|years7=2015|clubs7=→ Bury (aro)|caps7=22|goals7=0|years8=2016–2022|clubs8=Burnley|caps8=141|goals8=0|years9=2022–|clubs9=Newcastle United|caps9=90|goals9=0|nationalyears1=2018–2024|nationalteam1=Ingila|nationalcaps1=10|nationalgoals1=0|club-update=Mayu 2026|nationalteam-update=Mayu 2026}}Nicholas David Pope (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Afrilu 1992) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|Mai tsaron gida]] na kulob din Premier League [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] da ƙungiyar ƙwallon Ingila. Paparoma ya fara aikinsa a cikin Ƙungiyoyin matasa na Ipswich Town kuma bayan an sake shi yana da shekaru 16, ya shiga Bury Town. Ya sanya hannu a kulob din League One Charlton Athletic a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2011, kafin ya sami rance tare da Harrow Borough, Welling United, Cambridge United, Aldershot Town, York City da Bury. A watan Yulin 2016, Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Premier League ta Burnley, inda ya kasance har sai da kulob din ya sake komawa a watan Mayu 2022, bayan haka ya sanya hannu a Newcastle a watan da ya biyo baya. A cikin 2018, Paparoma ya fara bugawa tawagar Ingila, kuma ya kasance memba na gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]] da kuma tawagar gasar cin kocin duniya ta FIFA 2022. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Nicholas David Pope <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2018 |title=Updated squads for 2017/18 Premier League confirmed |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/612828 |access-date=10 February 2018 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> a ranar 19 ga Afrilu 1992 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nick Pope |url=https://www.11v11.com/players/nick-pope-238976/ |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=11v11.com |publisher=AFS Enterprises}}</ref> a Soham, Cambridgeshire . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St Andrew a Soham kuma yana cikin aji ɗaya da 'yan makaranta Holly Wells da Jessica Chapman . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 October 2022 |title=Nick Pope: My rise to England squad |url=https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/nick-pope-my-rise-to-england-squad-started-in-the-stands-at-dagenham-lz30pkh7x |website=[[The Times]]}}</ref> Daga baya ya halarci Makarantar Sarki a kusa da Ely. == Ayyukan kulob din == === Farkon aiki === Mai riƙe da tikitin kakar Ipswich Town, ya fara aikinsa a kungiyar matasa ta kulob din yana da shekaru 10 kuma ya kasance tare da Ipswich har sai an sake shi yana da shekaru 16. Bayan da Ipswich ta sake shi, <ref name="'Never give up on your dream' – ex Ipswich Town youngster Nick Pope ready for the Championship with Charlton Athletic" /> ya shiga kungiyar da ba ta League ba ta Bury Town a shekara ta 2008. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2013 |title=Professional footballer and Old Elean returns to inspire Junior pupils |url=https://www.kingsely.org/professional-footballer-and-old-elean-returns-to-inspire-junior-pupils/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200713095324/https://www.kingsely.org/professional-footballer-and-old-elean-returns-to-inspire-junior-pupils/ |archive-date=13 July 2020 |access-date=26 June 2018 |publisher=King's Ely}}</ref> Bayan ya kalubalanci kuma ya maye gurbin Marcus Garnham na ɗan lokaci, Paparoma ya tabbatar da cewa yana da iyawa a wannan matakin lokacin da ya sa rigar lamba ɗaya ga Bury Town don wasannin farko da yawa bayan da ya fara bugawa tawagar yana da shekaru 16 kawai. <ref>{{Cite web |last=James |first=Alex |date=17 November 2019 |title=The inside story of how Nick Pope's rise from non-league to Premier League |url=https://www.lancs.live/sport/football/football-news/nick-pope-burnley-england-rise-16942170 |access-date=11 August 2022 |website=Lancs Live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2018 |title=Meteoric rise of Suffolk FA keeper |url=https://www.suffolkfa.com/news/2018/mar/22/meteoric-rise-of-suffolk-fa-keeper |access-date=11 August 2022 |publisher=Suffolk FA}}</ref> Manajan Richard Wilkins ya bayyana Paparoma a matsayin "mai kunnawa mafi ƙwarewa don ci gaba ta hanyar matsayi a Kwalejin Wasanni ta Yammacin Suffolk da Bury Town" kuma ya ce "Ina tsammanin Nick Paparoma na iya zuwa gaba. Paparoma kuma memba ne na ƙungiyar Kwalejin Yammacin Yammacin Siffolk kuma ya wakilci ƙungiyar Kwalejojin Ingila. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2018 |title=The Nick Pope journey: From dashed Ipswich dreams to England call-up |url=https://www.suffolknews.co.uk/newmarket/sport/the-nick-pope-journey-from-dashed-ipswich-dreams-to-england-call-up-1-8425497/ |access-date=11 August 2022 |website=Suffolk News}}</ref> === Charlton Athletic === A ranar 24 ga Mayu 2011, kungiyar League One Charlton Athletic ta sanya hannu kan Paparoma bayan 'yan kallo sun hango shi a lokacin da suka ci Billericay Town 2-1 . Daga nan aka gayyace shi zuwa gwaji a Charlton . <ref name="Keeper Nick Pope's Valley move is better by degrees" /> Bayan ya burge ma'aikata a lokacin gwaji, an sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu bayan kungiyoyin biyu sun amince da kunshin diyya, wanda ya hada da Charlton da ke daukar kayan Suffolk a cikin abokantaka kafin kakar 2012-13 (wanda bai iya yin wasa ba saboda rauni). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=Chris |date=30 July 2012 |title=Bury Town v Charlton Athletic Preview |url=https://www.kentsportsnews.com/bury-town-v-charlton-athletic-preview-30-07-2012/ |publisher=Kent Sports News}}</ref> Charlton ya kuma biya Paparoma don ya dauki digiri a kimiyyar wasanni a Jami'ar Roehampton tare da wasu darussan da ya shirya ya dauka a Jami'an Nottingham kafin Charlton ta sanya hannu.<ref name="Keeper Nick Pope's Valley move is better by degrees" /> A ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2012, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Charlton . Ya fara bugawa Charlton da kuma sana'a a ranar 4 ga Mayu 2013, a wasan karshe na kakar 2012-13, a matsayin mai maye gurbin David Button a minti na 71 a nasarar da Charlton ta samu a gida 4-1 a kan Bristol City da ta riga ta ragu a gasar zakarun Turai. Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru uku tare da Charlton a watan Satumbar 2013, kuma ya yi sharhi cewa "Babban kulob ne don haka samun makomar dogon lokaci, a gare ni, a matsayin dan wasan da ke tasowa, wani abu ne da kuke nema". A ranar 5 ga Yuni 2014, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru hudu, yana tabbatar da makomar sa ga Charlton har zuwa Yuni 2018. <ref name="Charlton Athletic">{{Cite web |last=Liddle |first=Iain |date=5 June 2014 |title=Nick Pope commits to Charlton until 2018 |url=http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/20140605-nick-pope-contract-extension-1611918.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809015159/http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/20140605-nick-pope-contract-extension-1611918.aspx |archive-date=9 August 2016 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C.}}</ref> ==== Magana ta rance ==== [[Fayil:Nick_Pope_26-04-2014_1.jpg|thumb|Paparoma yana wasa a Birnin York a shekarar 2014]] A watan Agustan shekara ta 2011, Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Harrow Borough ta Isthmian League Premier Division a kan yarjejeniyar aro har zuwa 17 ga Satumba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Matt |date=24 August 2011 |title=Pope heads to Harrow |url=http://www.cafc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10267~2417528,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612091440/http://www.cafc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10267~2417528,00.html |archive-date=12 June 2012 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C.}}</ref> Yayinda yake can Paparoma ya ci gaba da tsabtace takardu uku kuma ya ceci kisa biyu a wasanni 19.<ref name="Player Info">{{Cite web |title=Player info |url=http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130630040411/http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 |archive-date=30 June 2013 |publisher=Harrow Borough F.C. |via=Pitchero}}</ref> Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Firimiya ta Kettering Town a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2011, amma ba za a iya kammala yarjejeniyar ba saboda an sanya Kettering a karkashin takunkumin canja wuri. A sakamakon haka, ya shiga kungiyar Conference South ta Welling United a ranar 21 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2011 a kan rance kwanaki 28 a maimakon haka.<ref name="Pope pays visit to Welling" /> A ranar 7 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2013, Paparoma ya shiga Cambridge United a cikin Taron Firayim Minista a kan rancen wata daya. Yayinda yake a kulob din, ya buga wasanni tara, yana riƙe da takalma huɗu masu tsabta a cikin tsari.<ref name="Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=N. Pope: Summary |url=https://uk.soccerway.com/players/nick-pope/220636/ |access-date=30 July 2018 |website=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2013, Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Firimiya ta Aldershot Town a kan rancen wata daya. Ya shiga kungiyar League Two ta York City a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 2013 a kan rancen wata daya, amma Charlton ya dawo da shi bayan wasanni biyu kawai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 November 2013 |title=Nick Pope in on loan |url=http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-in-on-loan-1188354.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701073030/http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-in-on-loan-1188354.aspx |archive-date=1 July 2016 |publisher=York City F.C.}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2014, Paparoma ya koma York kan aro don sauran kakar 2013-14, yana riƙe da takardu 16 masu tsabta a wasanni 24.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2014 |title=Nick Pope back in on loan |url=http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-back-in-on-loan-1298261.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701065312/http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-back-in-on-loan-1298261.aspx |archive-date=1 July 2016 |publisher=York City F.C.}}</ref><ref name="Charlton Athletic">{{Cite web |last=Liddle |first=Iain |date=5 June 2014 |title=Nick Pope commits to Charlton until 2018 |url=http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/20140605-nick-pope-contract-extension-1611918.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809015159/http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/20140605-nick-pope-contract-extension-1611918.aspx |archive-date=9 August 2016 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C.}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLiddle2014">Liddle, Iain (5 June 2014). </cite></ref> A ranar 6 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2015, Paparoma ya shiga Bury kan aro don sauran [[Bury F.C.|Kabari]] 2014-15. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Liddle |first=Iain |date=6 January 2015 |title=New goalkeeper signs, Pope departs on loan |url=http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/marko-dmitrovic-signs-from-ujpest-nick-pope-signs-for-bury-on-loan-2185720.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429220208/http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/marko-dmitrovic-signs-from-ujpest-nick-pope-signs-for-bury-on-loan-2185720.aspx |archive-date=29 April 2017 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa a wasan 1-1 a gida tare da Wycombe Wanderers a ranar 17 ga watan Janairun 2015. Ya buga wasanni 22 yayin da Bury ya sami ci gaba bayan ya kammala a matsayi na uku a League Two . === Burnley === ==== 2016-2019: Mai tsaron kofin, nasarar da aka samu a kungiyar farko, da rauni ==== A ranar 19 ga watan Yulin 2016, Paparoma ya shiga sabuwar kungiyar Burnley ta Premier League a kwangilar shekaru uku don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. Ya fara fafatawa a wasan farko da Burnley ta yi da 1-0 a hannun Accrington Stanley a zagaye na biyu na gasar cin Kofin FA, tare da nasarar da ta samu daga Matty Pearson a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. Ya ci gaba da zama mai tsabta ga Burnley a wasan 0-0 da suka yi a [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]] a zagaye na uku na FA Cup a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2017. Ya sake maimaita wannan nasarar a karon farko a gida, yayin da Burnley ta lashe wasan 2-0. Paparoma ya fara buga gasar Firimiya a ranar 10 ga Satumba 2017, inda ya maye gurbin Tom Heaton da ya ji rauni a rabi na farko na nasarar 1-0 a gida a kan Crystal Palace . Ya fara gasar Firimiya ta farko a mako mai zuwa, a ranar 16 ga Satumba, a wasan 1-1 da [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] a Anfield . Ya ci gaba da zama a cikin tawagar kuma ya taka leda a duk sauran wasannin Burnley a wannan kakar.<ref name="NP stats">{{Cite web |title=Nick Pope: Premier League Playing Career |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/10079/Nick-Pope/overview |website=Premier League}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Oktoba, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangila don ci gaba da shi a Burnley har zuwa 2020. A ranar 26 ga watan Yulin 2018, ya sha wahala a kafada bayan ya yi karo da [[Sam Cosgrove]] a lokacin da Burnley ta 1-1 draw zuwa [[Aberdeen F.C|Aberdeen]] a cikin 2018-19 UEFA Europa League na biyu na cancanta a zagaye na farko. Burnley ya sanya hannu kan [[Joe Hart]] a ranar 7 ga watan Agusta don samar da kariya ga Paparoma da Tom Heaton, wanda shi ma ya ji rauni. Paparoma ya dawo da tawagar farko a nasarar Burnley 1-0 a gida a kan [[Barnsley FC|Barnsley]] a zagaye na uku na FA Cup, amma bai taka leda a Premier League a wannan kakar ba.<ref name="NP stats">{{Cite web |title=Nick Pope: Premier League Playing Career |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/10079/Nick-Pope/overview |website=Premier League}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.premierleague.com/players/10079/Nick-Pope/overview "Nick Pope: Premier League Playing Career"]. </cite></ref> ==== 2019-2022: Burnley ta lamba daya ==== A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangila tare da Burnley, wanda ke gudana har zuwa shekara ta 2023. A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, Tom Heaton ya sanya hannu ga [[Aston Villa FC|Aston Villa]], ya shirya hanyar ga Paparoma ya zama mai tsaron gida na farko na Burnley. Ya yi nasara sosai a kakar 2019-20, yayin da ya fito a kowane minti na yakin neman zaɓe na Burnley. Da yake zuwa wasan karshe na kakar da [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton]], Paparoma ya kasance daidai a kan takalma masu tsabta tare da Ederson na Manchester City, tare da masu tsaron gida biyu sun ci gaba da 15. A minti na 20 na wasan da Brighton, [[Yves Bissouma]] ya zira kwallaye, ma'ana Paparoma zai gama kakar wasa tare da takalma 15 masu tsabta. Wasan karshe na Manchester City da Norwich City, ya ƙare 5-0 tare da Ederson yana riƙe da takardar shaidarsa ta 16 mai tsabta, yana da'awar Golden Glove kai tsaye, yana doke Paparoma. A ranar 11 ga watan Yulin 2020, Burnley ta kai 1-1 zuwa Liverpool kuma ta zama tawagar da ta dauki maki daga Liverpool a Anfield a wannan kakar. An yaba wa Paparoma sosai saboda rawar da ya taka a wasan, yayin da ya yi wasanni takwas don hana Liverpool cin nasara. <ref>{{Cite web |last=ANI |title=It was like Liverpool against Nick Pope: Klopp hails Burnley goalkeeper after 1–1 draw |url=http://businessworld.in/article/It-was-like-Liverpool-against-Nick-Pope-Klopp-hails-Burnley-goalkeeper-after-1-1-draw/12-07-2020-296606 |access-date=27 July 2020 |website=BW Businessworld}}</ref> Paparoma kawai ya rasa wasanni biyu na Premier League na Burnley a kakar 2021-22, amma bai iya ceton tawagar daga sakewa ba bayan shekaru shida a jere a saman matakin.<ref name="NP stats">{{Cite web |title=Nick Pope: Premier League Playing Career |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/10079/Nick-Pope/overview |website=Premier League}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.premierleague.com/players/10079/Nick-Pope/overview "Nick Pope: Premier League Playing Career"]. </cite></ref> === Newcastle United === Paparoma ya sanya hannu a kulob din Premier League [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2022 a kan kwangilar shekaru hudu don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, wanda Sky Sports ta ruwaito ya zama £ miliyan 10. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai tsabta a karon farko a wasan da Newcastle ta yi 2-0 a gida da Nottingham Forest a ranar bude gasar Premier ta 2022-23.&nbsp; An kori Paparoma saboda gudanar da kwallon a waje da yankin da ya yi a wasan da Newcastle ta yi da Liverpool 2-0 a gida a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu 2023. Kashe shi yana nufin cewa Newcastle ba su da masu tsaron gida na farko da na biyu a Wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin EFL na 2023 da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]]; [[Martin Dúbravka]] ya ci kofin bayan ya buga wa United wasa a zagaye na uku da na huɗu a lokacin aro. Mai tsaron gida na uku [[Loris Karius]] ya fara bugawa yayin da Newcastle ta rasa wasan 2-0. A lokacin kakar, Paparoma da sauri ya tashi zuwa saman a cikin tseren Golden Glove, bayan wasanni shida a jere wanda bai yarda da burin ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dogra |first=Anish |date=30 March 2023 |title=Race for Golden Glove set for thrilling final |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3123317 |access-date=11 August 2022 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> Ya ci gaba da wannan jagorancin makonni da yawa, amma a wannan lokacin, kawai ya rubuta takarda mai tsabta, kuma daga ƙarshe David de Gea na Manchester United ya wuce shi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2023 |title=De Gea wins 2022/23 Golden Glove award outright |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3445926 |access-date=11 August 2022 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> Daga baya aka bayyana cewa yana wasa da yatsa mai rauni, kuma an yi masa ƙananan tiyata a kai bayan Newcastle ba tare da kwallo ba tare da Leicester City, wanda ya haifar da Newcastle ta koma [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] a karo na farko a cikin shekaru 20. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 May 2023 |title=Pope set for hand surgery after England squad withdrawal |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/articles/cv2wy2zjz7do |access-date=11 August 2022 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> A ranar 6 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2023, kulob din ya ce Paparoma ba zai yi aiki ba har kusan watanni hudu bayan ya ji rauni a kafada a wasan gida da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-06 |title=Howe provides Pope injury update ahead of Everton encounter |url=https://www.nufc.co.uk/news/latest-news/howe-provides-pope-injury-update-ahead-of-everton-encounter/ |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=Newcastle United Football Club |language=en}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == [[Fayil:Nick_Pope_2018-06-13_1.jpg|thumb|Horar da Paparoma tare da Ingila a gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]]]] An kira Paparoma zuwa tawagar Ingila a karo na farko a ranar 15 ga Maris 2018. An ambaci sunansa a cikin 'yan wasa 23 na Ingila don gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]]. Paparoma ya fara bugawa a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2018 a matsayin mai maye gurbin minti na 65 yayin da Ingila ta doke Costa Rica 2-0 a wasan sada zumunci kafin gasar. Ya fara buga wasan farko na kasa da kasa a nasarar da ya yi da Kosovo 4-0 a wasan karshe a UEFA Euro 2020 a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 2019. A watan Maris na 2021, bayan da Ingila ta doke Albania 2-0, Paparoma ya zama [[Mai tsaran raga|Mai tsaron gida]] na farko da ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai tsabta a wasanni shida na farko da aka buga wa kasar. An zaɓi Paparoma don tawagar Ingila ta [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA 2022|Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2022]], amma ya kasance mai maye gurbin [[Jordan Pickford]] ba tare da amfani ba yayin da tawagar ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McNulty |first=Phil |date=10 December 2022 |title=World Cup 2022: England 1-2 France - Harry Kane misses penalty as Three Lions out |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/63843792 |access-date=18 March 2024 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Budurwar Paparoma ta dogon lokaci ita ce Shannon Horlock, 'yar tsohon dan wasan kwallon kafa Kevin Horlock . <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2020 |title=Who is Shannon Horlock, girlfriend of England goalkeeper Nick Pope? |url=https://www.thefocus.news/sports/shannon-horlock/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124144935/https://www.thefocus.news/sports/shannon-horlock/ |archive-date=24 November 2022 |access-date=15 February 2022 |website=The Focus}}</ref> Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, ciki har da 'yar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whitehead |first=Jacob |date=29 August 2023 |title=Watching Nick Pope with his family: The travelling, photos with fans and pre-match lasagne |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4811245/2023/08/29/nick-pope-family-farmers-soham/ |access-date=4 November 2023 |website=The Athletic}}</ref> == Kididdigar aiki == === Kungiyar === {{Updated|match played 24 May 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin FA ! colspan="2" |Kofin League ! colspan="2" |[[UEFA|Turai]] ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="3" |Kungiyar Bury |2009–10<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Competitions: Player's Appearances – Pope Nicholas |url=https://football.mitoo.co.uk/PlayersHistory2.cfm?PI=489078&LeagueCode=ECFL2009 |access-date=30 October 2023 |website=football.mitoo.co.uk}}</ref> |Yankin Gabas na Ƙasashen Gabas na Ɗaya |8 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |1{{Efn|Appearance in Eastern Counties League Challenge Cup}} |0 |9 |0 |- |2010–11<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Competitions: Player's Appearances – Pope Nicholas |url=https://football.mitoo.co.uk/PlayersHistory2.cfm?PI=609069&LeagueCode=ECFL2010 |access-date=30 October 2023 |website=football.mitoo.co.uk}}</ref> |Yankin Gabas na Ƙasashen Gabas na Ɗaya |8 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4{{Efn|One appearance in [[FA Vase]], two appearances in Eastern Counties League Challenge Cup, one appearance in Eastern Counties League Division One Cup}} |0 |12 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar{{Efn|Team Bury appearances and goals do not include 2008–09 season}} !16 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !5 !0 !21 !0 |- |Birnin Bury |2010–11<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Competitions: Player's Appearances – Pope Nicholas |url=https://football.mitoo.co.uk/PlayersHistory2.cfm?PI=782671&LeagueCode=ISTH2010 |access-date=30 October 2023 |website=football.mitoo.co.uk}}</ref> |Kungiyar Firimiya ta Isthmian |5 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[Isthmian League Cup]]}} |0 |6 |0 |- | rowspan="6" |Charlton Athletic |2011–12 |Ƙungiyar Ɗaya |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |- |2012–13 |Gasar cin kofin |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |1 |0 |- |2013–14 |Gasar cin kofin |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |- |2014–15 |Gasar cin kofin |8 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |9 |0 |- |2015–16 |Gasar cin kofin |24 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |28 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !33 !0 !1 !0 !4 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !38 !0 |- |Harrow Borough (rashin kuɗi) |2011–12<ref name="Player Info">{{Cite web |title=Player info |url=http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130630040411/http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 |archive-date=30 June 2013 |publisher=Harrow Borough F.C. |via=Pitchero}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 "Player info"]. </cite></ref> |Kungiyar Firimiya ta Isthmian |15 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4{{Efn|One appearance in Isthmian League Cup, three appearances in [[FA Trophy]]}} |0 |19 |0 |- |Welling United (rashin kuɗi) |2011–12<ref name="Non-League Club Directory 2013">{{Cite book|edition=Tony}}</ref> |Taron Kudu |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4 |0 |- |Cambridge United (rashin kuɗi) |2012–13<ref name="Soccerway" /> |Taron farko |9 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |9 |0 |- |Aldershot Town (rashin kuɗi) |2013–14<ref name="Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=N. Pope: Summary |url=https://uk.soccerway.com/players/nick-pope/220636/ |access-date=30 July 2018 |website=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://uk.soccerway.com/players/nick-pope/220636/ "N. Pope: Summary"]. </cite></ref> |Taron farko |5 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |5 |0 |- |Birnin York (rashin kuɗi) |2013–14<ref name="sb1314" /> |Ƙungiyar Biyu |22 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[EFL League Two play-offs|League Two play-offs]]}} |0 |24 |0 |- |Bury (rashin kuɗi) |2014–15<ref name="sb1415" /> |Ƙungiyar Biyu |22 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |22 |0 |- | rowspan="7" |Burnley |2016–17 |[[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]] |0 |0 |3 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4 |0 |- |2017–18 |Gasar Firimiya |35 |0 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |38 |0 |- |2018–19 |Gasar Firimiya |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" | - |3 |0 |- |2019–20 |Gasar Firimiya |38 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |38 |0 |- |2020–21 |Gasar Firimiya |32 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |33 |0 |- |2021–22 |Gasar Firimiya |36 |0 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |39 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !141 !0 !7 !0 !6 !0 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !155 !0 |- | rowspan="5" |[[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] |2022–23 |Gasar Firimiya |37 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |42 |0 |- |2023–24 |Gasar Firimiya |15 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |5{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" | - |21 |0 |- |2024–25 |Gasar Firimiya |28 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |32 |0 |- |2025–26 |Gasar Firimiya |27 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |8[h] |0 | colspan="2" | - |36 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !107 !0 !1 !0 !10 !0 !13 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !131 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !379 !0 !9 !0 !20 !0 !14 !0 !12 !0 !434 !0 |} {{Notelist}} === Kasashen Duniya === {{Updated|match played 26 September 2022}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe259142/nick-pope/international-matches/ |title=Nick Pope: Internationals |website=worldfootball.net |date=23 June 2022 |publisher=HEIM:SPIEL |access-date=28 April 2023}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara !Ƙungiyar ƙasa !Shekara !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="5" |Ingila |2018 |1 |0 |- |2019 |1 |0 |- |2020 |2 |0 |- |2021 |3 |0 |- |2022 |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !10 !0 |} == Daraja == '''Newcastle United''' * Kofin EFL: 2024-25 '''Mutumin da ya fi so''' * PFA Team of the Year: 2019-20 Premier League * Burnley Player of the Year: 2017-18, 2019-20 <ref name="BurnleyPOTY">{{Cite web |date=7 May 2018 |title=Double delight for award winner Pope |url=https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/news/2018/may/double-delight-for-award-winner-pope--/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517082039/https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/news/2018/may/double-delight-for-award-winner-pope--/ |archive-date=17 May 2018 |access-date=16 May 2018 |publisher=Burnley F.C.}}</ref><ref name="BurnleyPOTY2">{{Cite web |date=9 August 2020 |title=Pope Double Winner In Annual Awards |url=https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/news/2020/august/pope-a-double-winner-in-annual-awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929144525/https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/news/2020/august/pope-a-double-winner-in-annual-awards/ |archive-date=29 September 2020 |access-date=10 August 2020 |publisher=Burnley F.C.}}</ref> * Dan wasan Burnley na Shekara: 2017-18, 2019-20 <ref name="BurnleyPOTY" /><ref name="BurnleyPOTY2" /> * Rashin Ajiye na Watan Premier League: Agusta 2022, Janairu 2023 <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2022 |title=Pope claims first Castrol Save of the Month award |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/2787456 |access-date=16 September 2022 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 February 2023 |title=Pope claims Castrol Save of the Month award |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3043157 |access-date=3 February 2023 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Bayani == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> == Bayanan da aka ambata == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == <templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Commonscat}} * [https://www.nufc.co.uk/teams/first-team/nick-pope/ Bayani] a shafin yanar gizon Newcastle United FC * [https://www.englandfootball.com/england/mens-senior-team/squad/Nick-Pope Bayani] a shafin yanar gizon kungiyar kwallon kafa * {{UEFA player}} * Nick PopeaGasar Firimiya (an adana shi) [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qzgt8dksi9kvqn6sg8i4m63lloakxla 843279 843055 2026-05-30T09:45:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843279 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=Nick Pope|image=|fullname=Nicholas David Pope|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1992|4|19}}|birth_place=Soham, Ingila|position=Mai tsaron gida|currentclub=Newcastle United|clubnumber=1|youthclubs1=Ipswich Town|youthclubs2=Soham Town Rangers|years1=2011–2016|clubs1=Charlton Athletic|caps1=24|goals1=0|years2=2011|clubs2=→ Harrow Borough (aro)|caps2=19|goals2=0|years3=2012|clubs3=→ Welling United (aro)|caps3=3|goals3=0|years4=2013|clubs4=→ Cambridge United (aro)|caps4=1|goals4=0|years5=2013–2014|clubs5=→ Aldershot Town (aro)|caps5=24|goals5=0|years6=2014|clubs6=→ York City (aro)|caps6=16|goals6=0|years7=2015|clubs7=→ Bury (aro)|caps7=22|goals7=0|years8=2016–2022|clubs8=Burnley|caps8=141|goals8=0|years9=2022–|clubs9=Newcastle United|caps9=90|goals9=0|nationalyears1=2018–2024|nationalteam1=Ingila|nationalcaps1=10|nationalgoals1=0|club-update=Mayu 2026|nationalteam-update=Mayu 2026}}Nicholas David Pope (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Afrilu 1992) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|Mai tsaron gida]] na kulob din Premier League [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] da ƙungiyar ƙwallon Ingila. Paparoma ya fara aikinsa a cikin Ƙungiyoyin matasa na Ipswich Town kuma bayan an sake shi yana da shekaru 16, ya shiga Bury Town. Ya sanya hannu a kulob din League One Charlton Athletic a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2011, kafin ya sami rance tare da Harrow Borough, Welling United, Cambridge United, Aldershot Town, York City da Bury. A watan Yulin 2016, Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Premier League ta Burnley, inda ya kasance har sai da kulob din ya sake komawa a watan Mayu 2022, bayan haka ya sanya hannu a Newcastle a watan da ya biyo baya. A cikin 2018, Paparoma ya fara bugawa tawagar Ingila, kuma ya kasance memba na gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]] da kuma tawagar gasar cin kocin duniya ta FIFA 2022. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Nicholas David Pope <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2018 |title=Updated squads for 2017/18 Premier League confirmed |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/612828 |access-date=10 February 2018 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> a ranar 19 ga Afrilu 1992 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nick Pope |url=https://www.11v11.com/players/nick-pope-238976/ |access-date=30 March 2020 |website=11v11.com |publisher=AFS Enterprises}}</ref> a Soham, Cambridgeshire . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St Andrew a Soham kuma yana cikin aji ɗaya da 'yan makaranta Holly Wells da Jessica Chapman . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 October 2022 |title=Nick Pope: My rise to England squad |url=https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/nick-pope-my-rise-to-england-squad-started-in-the-stands-at-dagenham-lz30pkh7x |website=[[The Times]]}}</ref> Daga baya ya halarci Makarantar Sarki a kusa da Ely. == Ayyukan kulob din == === Farkon aiki === Mai riƙe da tikitin kakar Ipswich Town, ya fara aikinsa a kungiyar matasa ta kulob din yana da shekaru 10 kuma ya kasance tare da Ipswich har sai an sake shi yana da shekaru 16. Bayan da Ipswich ta sake shi, <ref name="'Never give up on your dream' – ex Ipswich Town youngster Nick Pope ready for the Championship with Charlton Athletic" /> ya shiga kungiyar da ba ta League ba ta Bury Town a shekara ta 2008. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2013 |title=Professional footballer and Old Elean returns to inspire Junior pupils |url=https://www.kingsely.org/professional-footballer-and-old-elean-returns-to-inspire-junior-pupils/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200713095324/https://www.kingsely.org/professional-footballer-and-old-elean-returns-to-inspire-junior-pupils/ |archive-date=13 July 2020 |access-date=26 June 2018 |publisher=King's Ely}}</ref> Bayan ya kalubalanci kuma ya maye gurbin Marcus Garnham na ɗan lokaci, Paparoma ya tabbatar da cewa yana da iyawa a wannan matakin lokacin da ya sa rigar lamba ɗaya ga Bury Town don wasannin farko da yawa bayan da ya fara bugawa tawagar yana da shekaru 16 kawai. <ref>{{Cite web |last=James |first=Alex |date=17 November 2019 |title=The inside story of how Nick Pope's rise from non-league to Premier League |url=https://www.lancs.live/sport/football/football-news/nick-pope-burnley-england-rise-16942170 |access-date=11 August 2022 |website=Lancs Live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2018 |title=Meteoric rise of Suffolk FA keeper |url=https://www.suffolkfa.com/news/2018/mar/22/meteoric-rise-of-suffolk-fa-keeper |access-date=11 August 2022 |publisher=Suffolk FA }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Manajan Richard Wilkins ya bayyana Paparoma a matsayin "mai kunnawa mafi ƙwarewa don ci gaba ta hanyar matsayi a Kwalejin Wasanni ta Yammacin Suffolk da Bury Town" kuma ya ce "Ina tsammanin Nick Paparoma na iya zuwa gaba. Paparoma kuma memba ne na ƙungiyar Kwalejin Yammacin Yammacin Siffolk kuma ya wakilci ƙungiyar Kwalejojin Ingila. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2018 |title=The Nick Pope journey: From dashed Ipswich dreams to England call-up |url=https://www.suffolknews.co.uk/newmarket/sport/the-nick-pope-journey-from-dashed-ipswich-dreams-to-england-call-up-1-8425497/ |access-date=11 August 2022 |website=Suffolk News}}</ref> === Charlton Athletic === A ranar 24 ga Mayu 2011, kungiyar League One Charlton Athletic ta sanya hannu kan Paparoma bayan 'yan kallo sun hango shi a lokacin da suka ci Billericay Town 2-1 . Daga nan aka gayyace shi zuwa gwaji a Charlton . <ref name="Keeper Nick Pope's Valley move is better by degrees" /> Bayan ya burge ma'aikata a lokacin gwaji, an sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu bayan kungiyoyin biyu sun amince da kunshin diyya, wanda ya hada da Charlton da ke daukar kayan Suffolk a cikin abokantaka kafin kakar 2012-13 (wanda bai iya yin wasa ba saboda rauni). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=Chris |date=30 July 2012 |title=Bury Town v Charlton Athletic Preview |url=https://www.kentsportsnews.com/bury-town-v-charlton-athletic-preview-30-07-2012/ |publisher=Kent Sports News}}</ref> Charlton ya kuma biya Paparoma don ya dauki digiri a kimiyyar wasanni a Jami'ar Roehampton tare da wasu darussan da ya shirya ya dauka a Jami'an Nottingham kafin Charlton ta sanya hannu.<ref name="Keeper Nick Pope's Valley move is better by degrees" /> A ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2012, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Charlton . Ya fara bugawa Charlton da kuma sana'a a ranar 4 ga Mayu 2013, a wasan karshe na kakar 2012-13, a matsayin mai maye gurbin David Button a minti na 71 a nasarar da Charlton ta samu a gida 4-1 a kan Bristol City da ta riga ta ragu a gasar zakarun Turai. Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru uku tare da Charlton a watan Satumbar 2013, kuma ya yi sharhi cewa "Babban kulob ne don haka samun makomar dogon lokaci, a gare ni, a matsayin dan wasan da ke tasowa, wani abu ne da kuke nema". A ranar 5 ga Yuni 2014, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru hudu, yana tabbatar da makomar sa ga Charlton har zuwa Yuni 2018. <ref name="Charlton Athletic">{{Cite web |last=Liddle |first=Iain |date=5 June 2014 |title=Nick Pope commits to Charlton until 2018 |url=http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/20140605-nick-pope-contract-extension-1611918.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809015159/http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/20140605-nick-pope-contract-extension-1611918.aspx |archive-date=9 August 2016 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C.}}</ref> ==== Magana ta rance ==== [[Fayil:Nick_Pope_26-04-2014_1.jpg|thumb|Paparoma yana wasa a Birnin York a shekarar 2014]] A watan Agustan shekara ta 2011, Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Harrow Borough ta Isthmian League Premier Division a kan yarjejeniyar aro har zuwa 17 ga Satumba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Matt |date=24 August 2011 |title=Pope heads to Harrow |url=http://www.cafc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10267~2417528,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612091440/http://www.cafc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10267~2417528,00.html |archive-date=12 June 2012 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C.}}</ref> Yayinda yake can Paparoma ya ci gaba da tsabtace takardu uku kuma ya ceci kisa biyu a wasanni 19.<ref name="Player Info">{{Cite web |title=Player info |url=http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130630040411/http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/harrowborough/s/players-coaches-60083.html?archive_id=10701&player_id=674051 |archive-date=30 June 2013 |publisher=Harrow Borough F.C. |via=Pitchero}}</ref> Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Firimiya ta Kettering Town a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2011, amma ba za a iya kammala yarjejeniyar ba saboda an sanya Kettering a karkashin takunkumin canja wuri. A sakamakon haka, ya shiga kungiyar Conference South ta Welling United a ranar 21 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2011 a kan rance kwanaki 28 a maimakon haka.<ref name="Pope pays visit to Welling" /> A ranar 7 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2013, Paparoma ya shiga Cambridge United a cikin Taron Firayim Minista a kan rancen wata daya. Yayinda yake a kulob din, ya buga wasanni tara, yana riƙe da takalma huɗu masu tsabta a cikin tsari.<ref name="Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=N. Pope: Summary |url=https://uk.soccerway.com/players/nick-pope/220636/ |access-date=30 July 2018 |website=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2013, Paparoma ya shiga kungiyar Firimiya ta Aldershot Town a kan rancen wata daya. Ya shiga kungiyar League Two ta York City a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 2013 a kan rancen wata daya, amma Charlton ya dawo da shi bayan wasanni biyu kawai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 November 2013 |title=Nick Pope in on loan |url=http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-in-on-loan-1188354.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701073030/http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-in-on-loan-1188354.aspx |archive-date=1 July 2016 |publisher=York City F.C.}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2014, Paparoma ya koma York kan aro don sauran kakar 2013-14, yana riƙe da takardu 16 masu tsabta a wasanni 24.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2014 |title=Nick Pope back in on loan |url=http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-back-in-on-loan-1298261.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701065312/http://www.yorkcityfootballclub.co.uk/news/article/nick-pope-back-in-on-loan-1298261.aspx |archive-date=1 July 2016 |publisher=York City F.C.}}</ref><ref name="Charlton Athletic"/> A ranar 6 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2015, Paparoma ya shiga Bury kan aro don sauran [[Bury F.C.|Kabari]] 2014-15. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Liddle |first=Iain |date=6 January 2015 |title=New goalkeeper signs, Pope departs on loan |url=http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/marko-dmitrovic-signs-from-ujpest-nick-pope-signs-for-bury-on-loan-2185720.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429220208/http://www.cafc.co.uk/news/article/marko-dmitrovic-signs-from-ujpest-nick-pope-signs-for-bury-on-loan-2185720.aspx |archive-date=29 April 2017 |publisher=Charlton Athletic F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa a wasan 1-1 a gida tare da Wycombe Wanderers a ranar 17 ga watan Janairun 2015. Ya buga wasanni 22 yayin da Bury ya sami ci gaba bayan ya kammala a matsayi na uku a League Two . === Burnley === ==== 2016-2019: Mai tsaron kofin, nasarar da aka samu a kungiyar farko, da rauni ==== A ranar 19 ga watan Yulin 2016, Paparoma ya shiga sabuwar kungiyar Burnley ta Premier League a kwangilar shekaru uku don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. Ya fara fafatawa a wasan farko da Burnley ta yi da 1-0 a hannun Accrington Stanley a zagaye na biyu na gasar cin Kofin FA, tare da nasarar da ta samu daga Matty Pearson a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. Ya ci gaba da zama mai tsabta ga Burnley a wasan 0-0 da suka yi a [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]] a zagaye na uku na FA Cup a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2017. Ya sake maimaita wannan nasarar a karon farko a gida, yayin da Burnley ta lashe wasan 2-0. Paparoma ya fara buga gasar Firimiya a ranar 10 ga Satumba 2017, inda ya maye gurbin Tom Heaton da ya ji rauni a rabi na farko na nasarar 1-0 a gida a kan Crystal Palace . Ya fara gasar Firimiya ta farko a mako mai zuwa, a ranar 16 ga Satumba, a wasan 1-1 da [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] a Anfield . Ya ci gaba da zama a cikin tawagar kuma ya taka leda a duk sauran wasannin Burnley a wannan kakar.<ref name="NP stats">{{Cite web |title=Nick Pope: Premier League Playing Career |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/10079/Nick-Pope/overview |website=Premier League}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Oktoba, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangila don ci gaba da shi a Burnley har zuwa 2020. A ranar 26 ga watan Yulin 2018, ya sha wahala a kafada bayan ya yi karo da [[Sam Cosgrove]] a lokacin da Burnley ta 1-1 draw zuwa [[Aberdeen F.C|Aberdeen]] a cikin 2018-19 UEFA Europa League na biyu na cancanta a zagaye na farko. Burnley ya sanya hannu kan [[Joe Hart]] a ranar 7 ga watan Agusta don samar da kariya ga Paparoma da Tom Heaton, wanda shi ma ya ji rauni. Paparoma ya dawo da tawagar farko a nasarar Burnley 1-0 a gida a kan [[Barnsley FC|Barnsley]] a zagaye na uku na FA Cup, amma bai taka leda a Premier League a wannan kakar ba.<ref name="NP stats"/> ==== 2019-2022: Burnley ta lamba daya ==== A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, Paparoma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangila tare da Burnley, wanda ke gudana har zuwa shekara ta 2023. A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, Tom Heaton ya sanya hannu ga [[Aston Villa FC|Aston Villa]], ya shirya hanyar ga Paparoma ya zama mai tsaron gida na farko na Burnley. Ya yi nasara sosai a kakar 2019-20, yayin da ya fito a kowane minti na yakin neman zaɓe na Burnley. Da yake zuwa wasan karshe na kakar da [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton]], Paparoma ya kasance daidai a kan takalma masu tsabta tare da Ederson na Manchester City, tare da masu tsaron gida biyu sun ci gaba da 15. A minti na 20 na wasan da Brighton, [[Yves Bissouma]] ya zira kwallaye, ma'ana Paparoma zai gama kakar wasa tare da takalma 15 masu tsabta. Wasan karshe na Manchester City da Norwich City, ya ƙare 5-0 tare da Ederson yana riƙe da takardar shaidarsa ta 16 mai tsabta, yana da'awar Golden Glove kai tsaye, yana doke Paparoma. A ranar 11 ga watan Yulin 2020, Burnley ta kai 1-1 zuwa Liverpool kuma ta zama tawagar da ta dauki maki daga Liverpool a Anfield a wannan kakar. An yaba wa Paparoma sosai saboda rawar da ya taka a wasan, yayin da ya yi wasanni takwas don hana Liverpool cin nasara. <ref>{{Cite web |last=ANI |title=It was like Liverpool against Nick Pope: Klopp hails Burnley goalkeeper after 1–1 draw |url=http://businessworld.in/article/It-was-like-Liverpool-against-Nick-Pope-Klopp-hails-Burnley-goalkeeper-after-1-1-draw/12-07-2020-296606 |access-date=27 July 2020 |website=BW Businessworld}}</ref> Paparoma kawai ya rasa wasanni biyu na Premier League na Burnley a kakar 2021-22, amma bai iya ceton tawagar daga sakewa ba bayan shekaru shida a jere a saman matakin.<ref name="NP stats"/> === Newcastle United === Paparoma ya sanya hannu a kulob din Premier League [[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2022 a kan kwangilar shekaru hudu don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, wanda Sky Sports ta ruwaito ya zama £ miliyan 10. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai tsabta a karon farko a wasan da Newcastle ta yi 2-0 a gida da Nottingham Forest a ranar bude gasar Premier ta 2022-23.&nbsp; An kori Paparoma saboda gudanar da kwallon a waje da yankin da ya yi a wasan da Newcastle ta yi da Liverpool 2-0 a gida a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu 2023. Kashe shi yana nufin cewa Newcastle ba su da masu tsaron gida na farko da na biyu a Wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin EFL na 2023 da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]]; [[Martin Dúbravka]] ya ci kofin bayan ya buga wa United wasa a zagaye na uku da na huɗu a lokacin aro. Mai tsaron gida na uku [[Loris Karius]] ya fara bugawa yayin da Newcastle ta rasa wasan 2-0. A lokacin kakar, Paparoma da sauri ya tashi zuwa saman a cikin tseren Golden Glove, bayan wasanni shida a jere wanda bai yarda da burin ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dogra |first=Anish |date=30 March 2023 |title=Race for Golden Glove set for thrilling final |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3123317 |access-date=11 August 2022 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> Ya ci gaba da wannan jagorancin makonni da yawa, amma a wannan lokacin, kawai ya rubuta takarda mai tsabta, kuma daga ƙarshe David de Gea na Manchester United ya wuce shi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2023 |title=De Gea wins 2022/23 Golden Glove award outright |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3445926 |access-date=11 August 2022 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> Daga baya aka bayyana cewa yana wasa da yatsa mai rauni, kuma an yi masa ƙananan tiyata a kai bayan Newcastle ba tare da kwallo ba tare da Leicester City, wanda ya haifar da Newcastle ta koma [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] a karo na farko a cikin shekaru 20. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 May 2023 |title=Pope set for hand surgery after England squad withdrawal |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/articles/cv2wy2zjz7do |access-date=11 August 2022 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> A ranar 6 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2023, kulob din ya ce Paparoma ba zai yi aiki ba har kusan watanni hudu bayan ya ji rauni a kafada a wasan gida da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-06 |title=Howe provides Pope injury update ahead of Everton encounter |url=https://www.nufc.co.uk/news/latest-news/howe-provides-pope-injury-update-ahead-of-everton-encounter/ |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=Newcastle United Football Club |language=en}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == [[Fayil:Nick_Pope_2018-06-13_1.jpg|thumb|Horar da Paparoma tare da Ingila a gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]]]] An kira Paparoma zuwa tawagar Ingila a karo na farko a ranar 15 ga Maris 2018. An ambaci sunansa a cikin 'yan wasa 23 na Ingila don gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2018]]. Paparoma ya fara bugawa a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2018 a matsayin mai maye gurbin minti na 65 yayin da Ingila ta doke Costa Rica 2-0 a wasan sada zumunci kafin gasar. Ya fara buga wasan farko na kasa da kasa a nasarar da ya yi da Kosovo 4-0 a wasan karshe a UEFA Euro 2020 a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 2019. A watan Maris na 2021, bayan da Ingila ta doke Albania 2-0, Paparoma ya zama [[Mai tsaran raga|Mai tsaron gida]] na farko da ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai tsabta a wasanni shida na farko da aka buga wa kasar. An zaɓi Paparoma don tawagar Ingila ta [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA 2022|Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2022]], amma ya kasance mai maye gurbin [[Jordan Pickford]] ba tare da amfani ba yayin da tawagar ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McNulty |first=Phil |date=10 December 2022 |title=World Cup 2022: England 1-2 France - Harry Kane misses penalty as Three Lions out |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/63843792 |access-date=18 March 2024 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Budurwar Paparoma ta dogon lokaci ita ce Shannon Horlock, 'yar tsohon dan wasan kwallon kafa Kevin Horlock . <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2020 |title=Who is Shannon Horlock, girlfriend of England goalkeeper Nick Pope? |url=https://www.thefocus.news/sports/shannon-horlock/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124144935/https://www.thefocus.news/sports/shannon-horlock/ |archive-date=24 November 2022 |access-date=15 February 2022 |website=The Focus}}</ref> Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, ciki har da 'yar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whitehead |first=Jacob |date=29 August 2023 |title=Watching Nick Pope with his family: The travelling, photos with fans and pre-match lasagne |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4811245/2023/08/29/nick-pope-family-farmers-soham/ |access-date=4 November 2023 |website=The Athletic}}</ref> == Kididdigar aiki == === Kungiyar === {{Updated|match played 24 May 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin FA ! colspan="2" |Kofin League ! colspan="2" |[[UEFA|Turai]] ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="3" |Kungiyar Bury |2009–10<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Competitions: Player's Appearances – Pope Nicholas |url=https://football.mitoo.co.uk/PlayersHistory2.cfm?PI=489078&LeagueCode=ECFL2009 |access-date=30 October 2023 |website=football.mitoo.co.uk}}</ref> |Yankin Gabas na Ƙasashen Gabas na Ɗaya |8 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |1{{Efn|Appearance in Eastern Counties League Challenge Cup}} |0 |9 |0 |- |2010–11<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Competitions: Player's Appearances – Pope Nicholas |url=https://football.mitoo.co.uk/PlayersHistory2.cfm?PI=609069&LeagueCode=ECFL2010 |access-date=30 October 2023 |website=football.mitoo.co.uk}}</ref> |Yankin Gabas na Ƙasashen Gabas na Ɗaya |8 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4{{Efn|One appearance in [[FA Vase]], two appearances in Eastern Counties League Challenge Cup, one appearance in Eastern Counties League Division One Cup}} |0 |12 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar{{Efn|Team Bury appearances and goals do not include 2008–09 season}} !16 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !5 !0 !21 !0 |- |Birnin Bury |2010–11<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Competitions: Player's Appearances – Pope Nicholas |url=https://football.mitoo.co.uk/PlayersHistory2.cfm?PI=782671&LeagueCode=ISTH2010 |access-date=30 October 2023 |website=football.mitoo.co.uk}}</ref> |Kungiyar Firimiya ta Isthmian |5 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[Isthmian League Cup]]}} |0 |6 |0 |- | rowspan="6" |Charlton Athletic |2011–12 |Ƙungiyar Ɗaya |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |- |2012–13 |Gasar cin kofin |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |1 |0 |- |2013–14 |Gasar cin kofin |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |- |2014–15 |Gasar cin kofin |8 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |9 |0 |- |2015–16 |Gasar cin kofin |24 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |28 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !33 !0 !1 !0 !4 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !38 !0 |- |Harrow Borough (rashin kuɗi) |2011–12<ref name="Player Info"/> |Kungiyar Firimiya ta Isthmian |15 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4{{Efn|One appearance in Isthmian League Cup, three appearances in [[FA Trophy]]}} |0 |19 |0 |- |Welling United (rashin kuɗi) |2011–12<ref name="Non-League Club Directory 2013">{{Cite book|edition=Tony}}</ref> |Taron Kudu |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4 |0 |- |Cambridge United (rashin kuɗi) |2012–13<ref name="Soccerway" /> |Taron farko |9 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |9 |0 |- |Aldershot Town (rashin kuɗi) |2013–14<ref name="Soccerway"/> |Taron farko |5 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |5 |0 |- |Birnin York (rashin kuɗi) |2013–14<ref name="sb1314" /> |Ƙungiyar Biyu |22 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[EFL League Two play-offs|League Two play-offs]]}} |0 |24 |0 |- |Bury (rashin kuɗi) |2014–15<ref name="sb1415" /> |Ƙungiyar Biyu |22 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |22 |0 |- | rowspan="7" |Burnley |2016–17 |[[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]] |0 |0 |3 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |4 |0 |- |2017–18 |Gasar Firimiya |35 |0 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |38 |0 |- |2018–19 |Gasar Firimiya |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" | - |3 |0 |- |2019–20 |Gasar Firimiya |38 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |38 |0 |- |2020–21 |Gasar Firimiya |32 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |33 |0 |- |2021–22 |Gasar Firimiya |36 |0 |1 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |39 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !141 !0 !7 !0 !6 !0 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !155 !0 |- | rowspan="5" |[[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] |2022–23 |Gasar Firimiya |37 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |42 |0 |- |2023–24 |Gasar Firimiya |15 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |5{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" | - |21 |0 |- |2024–25 |Gasar Firimiya |28 |0 |1 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |32 |0 |- |2025–26 |Gasar Firimiya |27 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |8[h] |0 | colspan="2" | - |36 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !107 !0 !1 !0 !10 !0 !13 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !131 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !379 !0 !9 !0 !20 !0 !14 !0 !12 !0 !434 !0 |} {{Notelist}} === Kasashen Duniya === {{Updated|match played 26 September 2022}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe259142/nick-pope/international-matches/ |title=Nick Pope: Internationals |website=worldfootball.net |date=23 June 2022 |publisher=HEIM:SPIEL |access-date=28 April 2023}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Bayyanawa da burin ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara !Ƙungiyar ƙasa !Shekara !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="5" |Ingila |2018 |1 |0 |- |2019 |1 |0 |- |2020 |2 |0 |- |2021 |3 |0 |- |2022 |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !10 !0 |} == Daraja == '''Newcastle United''' * Kofin EFL: 2024-25 '''Mutumin da ya fi so''' * PFA Team of the Year: 2019-20 Premier League * Burnley Player of the Year: 2017-18, 2019-20 <ref name="BurnleyPOTY">{{Cite web |date=7 May 2018 |title=Double delight for award winner Pope |url=https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/news/2018/may/double-delight-for-award-winner-pope--/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517082039/https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/news/2018/may/double-delight-for-award-winner-pope--/ |archive-date=17 May 2018 |access-date=16 May 2018 |publisher=Burnley F.C.}}</ref><ref name="BurnleyPOTY2">{{Cite web |date=9 August 2020 |title=Pope Double Winner In Annual Awards |url=https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/news/2020/august/pope-a-double-winner-in-annual-awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929144525/https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/news/2020/august/pope-a-double-winner-in-annual-awards/ |archive-date=29 September 2020 |access-date=10 August 2020 |publisher=Burnley F.C.}}</ref> * Dan wasan Burnley na Shekara: 2017-18, 2019-20 <ref name="BurnleyPOTY" /><ref name="BurnleyPOTY2" /> * Rashin Ajiye na Watan Premier League: Agusta 2022, Janairu 2023 <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2022 |title=Pope claims first Castrol Save of the Month award |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/2787456 |access-date=16 September 2022 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 February 2023 |title=Pope claims Castrol Save of the Month award |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3043157 |access-date=3 February 2023 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Bayani == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> == Bayanan da aka ambata == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == <templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Commonscat}} * [https://www.nufc.co.uk/teams/first-team/nick-pope/ Bayani] a shafin yanar gizon Newcastle United FC * [https://www.englandfootball.com/england/mens-senior-team/squad/Nick-Pope Bayani] a shafin yanar gizon kungiyar kwallon kafa * {{UEFA player}} * Nick PopeaGasar Firimiya (an adana shi) [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] m3t74u77cnp87t2bed0dntkhxzbcgf0 0 61727 843293 818958 2026-05-30T10:06:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843293 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Nicolas Gonzalez (cropped).jpg|thumb|Nicolas Gonzalez]] {{Infobox football biography | name = Nicolás González | full_name = Nicolás Iván González | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1998|4|6}} | birth_place = Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina | position = Winger | currentclub = Fiorentina | clubnumber = 10 | youthclubs1 = Argentinos Juniors | years1 = 2016–2018 | clubs1 = Argentinos Juniors | caps1 = 44 | goals1 = 9 | years2 = 2018–2021 | clubs2 = VfB Stuttgart | caps2 = 79 | goals2 = 23 | years3 = 2021– | clubs3 = Fiorentina | caps3 = 80+ | goals3 = 25+ | nationalyears1 = 2019– | nationalteam1 = Argentina | nationalcaps1 = 30+ | nationalgoals1 = 5+ }} '''Nicolás Iván González''' (an haife shi 6 Afrilu 1998) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne daga ƙasar Argentina wanda ke taka leda a matsayin winger ko forward ga ƙungiyar {{flagicon|Italy}} '''Fiorentina''' da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasar {{flagicon|Argentina}} Argentina.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nicolás González Profile|url=https://www.transfermarkt.com/nicolas-gonzalez/profil/spieler/371998|publisher=Transfermarkt|access-date=1 April 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi González a garin Belén de Escobar, a lardin Buenos Aires na ƙasar Argentina. Ya fara buga ƙwallo tun yana ƙarami, inda ya shiga makarantar horas da matasa ta Argentinos Juniors.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nicolás González - Career Overview|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/nicolas-ivan-gonzalez/453595/|publisher=Soccerway|access-date=1 April 2026}}</ref> == Aikin ƙungiya == === Argentinos Juniors === González ya fara taka leda a babbar ƙungiyar Argentinos Juniors a shekarar 2016. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimakawa ƙungiyar samun matsayi mai kyau a gasar Argentina Primera División.<ref>{{cite web|title=Argentinos Juniors Statistics|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/nicolas-gonzalez/|publisher=WorldFootball.net|access-date=1 April 2026}}</ref> === VfB Stuttgart === A shekarar 2018, ya koma ƙungiyar {{flagicon|Germany}} VfB Stuttgart ta Bundesliga. A kakar 2019–20, ya taimaka wa Stuttgart komawa Bundesliga bayan sun samu matsayi na biyu a 2. Bundesliga.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stuttgart Promotion 2020|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/2bundesliga/news/vfb-stuttgart-promoted-to-bundesliga-11509|publisher=Bundesliga Official Website|access-date=1 April 2026}}</ref> === Fiorentina === A watan Yuni 2021, González ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar {{flagicon|Italy}} Fiorentina ta Serie A. Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan ‘yan wasan ƙungiyar, inda yake taka rawa a gasar Serie A da kuma UEFA Europa Conference League.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fiorentina sign Nicolas Gonzalez|url=https://www.acffiorentina.com/en/news/all/news-men-first-team/2021-06-23/fiorentina-sign-nicolas-gonzalez|publisher=ACF Fiorentina|access-date=1 April 2026}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa == González ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar ƙasar Argentina a shekarar 2019. Ya kasance cikin tawagar da ta lashe gasar Copa América ta 2021, duk da cewa bai taka muhimmiyar rawa ba saboda rauni.<ref>{{cite web|title=Argentina Squad Copa America 2021|url=https://www.conmebol.com/en/copa-america-2021|publisher=CONMEBOL|access-date=1 April 2026}}</ref> == Nasarori == === Argentina === * '''Copa América''': 2021<ref>{{cite web|title=Argentina win Copa America 2021|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/57776158|publisher=BBC Sport|access-date=1 April 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * {{Official website|https://www.acffiorentina.com}} * {{Soccerway|nicolas-ivan-gonzalez|Nicolás González}} j6kkwsro7a4gj5pw4728b9yof0p89a3 0 61801 842846 637763 2026-05-29T22:20:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mohamed Raus bin Sharif''' (Jawi; an haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1951), [[lauya]] ne na Malaysian da ya yi ritaya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Alƙalin Malaysia na takwas<ref>{{cite web|title=The Honourable Tan Sri Dato' Seri Md Raus Bin Sharif|url=http://www.kehakiman.gov.my/en/node/503|publisher=Chief Registrar's Office, Federal Court of Malaysia|accessdate=8 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310035348/http://www.kehakiman.gov.my/en/node/503|archive-date=10 March 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> daga ranar 1 ga watan Afrilun 2017 har zuwa ranar 31 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nst.com.my/news/2017/04/226080/tan-sri-md-raus-appointed-new-chief-justice|title=Tan Sri Md Raus appointed new Chief Justice|last=Harun|first=Hana Naz|date=1 April 2017|work=New Straits Times|access-date=2 May 2017}}</ref> Ya maye gurbin Arifin Zakaria. == Ilimi == Ya fara karatunsa na yau da kullum a makarantar firamare ta Kampung Astana Raja a Rembau kuma ya ci gaba da kammala karatun sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Tunku Besar a Tampin . Ya kammala takardar shaidarsa ta STPM a Sekolah Tuanku Abdul Rahman (STAR) , Ipoh, Perak . Ya sami digiri na farko a fannin shari'a daga Jami'ar Malaya a shekara ta 1976 daga baya ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin tattalin arziki na London a shekara ta 1987.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chief Justice of the Federal Court|url=http://www.kehakiman.gov.my/?q=en/node/446|publisher=Chief Registrar's Office, Federal Court of Malaysia|accessdate=9 April 2017|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216170425/http://www.kehakiman.gov.my/?q=en%2Fnode%2F446|archivedate=16 February 2015}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ya shiga Ayyukan Shari'a da Shari'a a matsayin majistare a shekarar 1976. A ranar 1 ga watan Nuwambar 1994, an sanya shi Kwamishinan Shari'a a Babban Kotun a [[Kuala Lumpur]] . A ranar 12 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1996, an naɗa shi a matsayin Alƙalin Babban Kotun Malaya . Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya yi aiki a Babban Kotun Shah Alam, Babban Kotun Muar, Babban Kotin Penang da Babban Kotun Kuala Lumpur. A ranar 28 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2006, an naɗa shi a matsayin Alƙalin Kotun ɗaukaka ƙara ta Malaysia . A ranar 12 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2011, an ƙara shi a matsayin Shugaban Kotun ɗaukaka ƙara ta Malaysia . A cikin shekarar 2017, an ƙara wa'adinsa a matsayin Babban Alƙalin Malaysia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2016/09/22/tenure-of-top-three-judges-extended-by-six-months/|title=Tenure of top three judges extended by six months - Nation {{!}} The Star Online|website=www.thestar.com.my|access-date=2018-08-29}}</ref> Sake naɗa Md Raus da Zulkefli zuwa mukaman su sun kasance masu kawo rigima, yayin da aka tsawaita wa'adin su bayan sun kai shekaru 66 da watanni shida na ritaya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2018/06/10/judicial-conundrum-will-end-when-md-raus-zulkefli-step-down-says-sri-ram/#bTOSmx9Uz06j3Xqk.99|title=Judicial conundrum will end when Md Raus, Zulkefli step down, says Sri Ram - Nation {{!}} The Star Online|website=www.thestar.com.my|access-date=2018-08-29}}</ref> Majalisar lauyoyi ta kira matakin "ba bisa ka'ida ba" kuma zai haifar da "rugujewar amincewar jama'a a ɓangaren shari'a da 'yancin kai".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/uproar-over-two-judges-reappointment|title=Uproar in Malaysia over two judges' reappointment|last=hermes|date=2017-07-11|work=The Straits Times|access-date=2018-08-29|language=en|archive-date=2018-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829105953/https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/uproar-over-two-judges-reappointment|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Iyali == Ya auri Toh Puan Salwany Mohamed Zamri kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyu. == Daraja == * : Jami'in Order of the Defender of the Realm (KMN) (1994) Kwamandan Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (PSM) - Tan Sri (2011) Kwamandan Order for the Defender the Realm, Tan Sri (2012) Babban Kwamandan Order and Loyalty of the Crown of Malaysian (SSM) - Tun (2017) {{Flag|Malaysia}} ** [[File:Kesatria_Mangku_Negara.png|50x50px]] Jami'in Order of the Defender of the Realm (KMN) (1994)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.istiadat.gov.my/index.php/component/semakanlantikanskp/|title=Semakan Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat}}</ref> ** [[File:Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_PSM.svg|50x50px]] Kwamandan Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (PSM) - '''Tan Sri''' (2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/story/?file=%2F2011%2F6%2F5%2Fnation%2F8842050&sec=nation/|title=Abdullah Ayub among 1,707 conferred titles in conjunction with King's birthday|work=[[Bernama]]|publisher=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]|date=5 June 2011|accessdate=17 October 2018|archive-date=17 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017123638/https://www.thestar.com.my/story/?file=/2011/6/5/nation/8842050&sec=nation/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ** [[File:MY_Darjah_Yang_Mulia_Pangkuan_Negara_(Defender_of_the_Realm)-_PMN.svg|50x50px]] Kwamandan Order of the Defender of the Realm (PMN) - '''Tan Sri''' (2012)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2012/06/03/king-awards-1523-on-birthday/|title=King awards 1,523 on birthday|work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]|date=3 June 2012|accessdate=17 October 2018}}</ref> ** [[File:Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_SSM.svg|50x50px]] Babban Kwamandan Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (SSM) - '''Tun''' (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/09/09/chief-justice-heads-honours-list-a-total-of-1518-conferred-awards-in-conjunction-with-kings-official/|title=Chief Justice heads honours list|work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]|date=9 September 2017|accessdate=28 September 2017}}</ref> * : ** [[File:MY-NEG_Order_of_Loyalty_to_Tuanku_Muhriz_-_SSTM.svg|50x50px]] Babban Knight na Order of Loyalty to Tuanku Muhriz (SSTM) - '''Dato' Seri''' (2010)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/community/2010/02/27/negri-sembilan-yang-dipertuan-besars-birthday-honours-list/|accessdate=17 October 2018|title=Negri Sembilan Yang Dipertuan Besar's Birthday honours list|date=27 February 2010|work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]}}</ref> {{Flag|Negeri Sembilan}} * : ** [[File:MY-PAH_Order_of_Sultan_Ahmad_Shah_of_Pahang_-_Grand_Knight_-_SSAP.svg|50x50px]] Babban Knight na Order of Sultan Ahmad Shah na Pahang (SSAP) - '''Dato' Sri''' (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/10/182878/nancy-shukri-heads-lists-613-recipients-pahang-state-awards|accessdate=17 October 2018|title=Nancy Shukri heads lists of 613 recipients of Pahang state awards|date=24 October 2016|publisher=[[New Straits Times]]|work=[[Bernama]]}}</ref> {{Flag|Pahang}} * : Aboki na Order of the Defender of State (DMPN) - Dato' (2000) Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Defense of State (DUPN) - Serio Utama (2017) {{Flag|Penang}} ** [[File:MY-PEN_Order_of_the_Defender_of_State_-_Companion_-_DMPN.svg|50x50px]] Aboki na Order of the Defender of State (DMPN) - '''Dato'''' (2000) ** [[File:MY-PEN_Order_of_the_Defender_of_State_-_Knight_Grand_Commander_-_DUPN.svg|50x50px]] Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Defender of State (DUPN) - '''Dato' Seri Utama''' (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thesundaily.my/news/2017/07/22/chief-justice-heads-list-penang-state-honours|accessdate=17 October 2018|title=Chief Justice heads list of Penang state honours|date=22 July 2017|publisher=The Sun Daily|work=[[Bernama]]|archive-date=17 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017123729/http://www.thesundaily.my/news/2017/07/22/chief-justice-heads-list-penang-state-honours|url-status=dead}}</ref> * : ** [[File:MY-SAB_Order_of_Kinabalu_-_SPDK.svg|50x50px]] Babban Kwamandan Order of Kinabalu (SPDK) - '''Datuk Seri Panglima''' (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.borneotoday.net/tun-juhar-calls-unity-tolerance-love-birthday-message/|date=2 October 2016|accessdate=17 October 2018|publisher=Borneo Today|title=TUN JUHAR CALLS FOR UNITY, TOLERANCE AND LOVE IN BIRTHDAY MESSAGE|archive-date=17 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017123757/https://www.borneotoday.net/tun-juhar-calls-unity-tolerance-love-birthday-message/|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{Flag|Sabah}} * : ** [[File:MY-SAR_Order_of_the_Star_of_the_Hornbill_(Bintang_Kenyalang)_-_2._Knight_Commander_(DA).svg|50x50px]] Kwamandan Knight na Order of the Star of Hornbill Sarawak (DA) - '''Datuk Amar''' (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2016/10/27/150-receive-awards-at-investiture-ceremony/|date=27 October 2016|accessdate=17 October 2018|publisher=[[The Borneo Post]]|title=150 receive awards at investiture ceremony}}</ref> {{Flag|Sarawak}} == Manazarta == <references /> == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kehakiman.gov.my/ Shafin yanar gizon Kotun Tarayya ta Malaysia] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1952]] 38q9fmmcdlahta6kyg7wdsddvl5x8ki 0 63214 842723 683551 2026-05-29T19:31:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Millicent Maude Bryant''' (née '''Harvey''',8 Janairu 1878-3 Nuwamba 1927) ɗan jirgin saman Australiya ne na farko.Ita ce mace ta farko da ta sami lasisin matukin jirgi a Ostiraliya,Lasisi na 71,a cikin 1927. Har ila yau,ta fara samun lasisin tukin jirgin a cikin Commonwealth, a wajen Burtaniya. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Bryant a Apsley,Wellington, New South Wales.Iyayenta sune Edmund George Harvey da Georgiana Sarah Bartlett Harvey.Ta kasance daya daga cikin yara goma.<ref>[http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/16991666 "Mr. E. G. Harvey"] ''Sydney Morning Herald'' (17 July 1933): 6. via [[Trove]]</ref> == Sana'a == A cikin Maris 1927,yana da shekaru 49,Bryant ya sami lasisin matukin jirgi daga Ostiraliya Aero Club na New South Wales.Tare da Evelyn Follett,an yi imanin ita ce mace ta farko da ta fara yin darasi na tashi a Australia kuma ita ce mace ta farko da ta cancanci samun lasisin tukin jirgi mai zaman kansa a Australia.<ref>[http://centennialofwomenpilots.com/millicent-bryant-australia/ "Millicent Bryant – Australia"], Centennial of Women Pilots.</ref><ref>[http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/190195005 "First Woman Air Pilot"] ''Tweed Daily'' (6 April 1927): 4. via [[Trove]]</ref><ref>{{Citation | author1=Powerhouse Museum | title=Women with wings : images of Australian women pilots | publication-date=2000 | publisher=Powerhouse Museum, Ideas in Action | url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/35683568 | access-date=12 December 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation | author1=Mann, Sheila | author2=Australia. Department of Aviation | title=The girls were up there too : Australian women in aviation | year=1986 | publication-date=1986 | publisher=Australian Government Publishing Service | isbn=978-0-644-04154-6 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article159792745 |title=Women Aviators of New South Wales |newspaper=[[The Sydney Mail|Sydney Mail]] |volume=XXXIX |issue=1010 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=5 August 1931 |access-date=27 January 2018 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article228878922 |title=The Sky's the Limit |newspaper=[[The Sun (Sydney)|The Sun]] |issue=1527 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=3 July 1932 |access-date=27 January 2018 |page=21 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Bryant ya auri Edward James Bryant. Sun haifi 'ya'ya maza uku (an haife su 1901,1903, da 1908).Ta rasu a shekara ta 1926.<ref>[http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/16276587 "Mr. E. J. Bryant"] ''Sydney Morning Herald'' (16 February 1926): 12. via [[Trove]]</ref> Bryant died by drowning in Sydney Harbour in 1927,aged 49 years, one of the victims of the Tahiti-Greycliffe Ferry disaster. Five planes flew over her funeral and dropped a flower wreath in tribute. In the year following her death,her sons established the Millicent Maud Bryant Trophy to be awarded each year to the best all round pilot of the Australian Aero Club of New South Wales. Kwalkwali na fata na Bryant yana cikin tarin Laburaren Ƙasa na Ostiraliya. A cikin 2001,an shigar da Millicent Bryant a cikin Babban Taron Mata na Majagaba na Ƙasa.A cikin 2007,don bikin cika shekaru 80 da samun lasisin matukin jirgi,ƙungiyar mata matukin jirgi ta Australiya ta makala wani allo na hukuma akan dutsen kabarinta.<ref>[http://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/people/aviation/display/22035-millicent-bryant Millicent Bryant plaque]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Monument Australia.</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 71mrwsccjdkycnyyjtx03kokjtpnbm1 0 65002 842918 437752 2026-05-30T03:41:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Suri sunan wata gamayya ne ga kabilu uku (Chai, Timaga, da Baale) galibi suna zaune a gundumar Suri, a kudu maso yammacin Habasha . Suna da kamanceceniya da yawa a siyasance, yanki da al'adu, tattalin arziki amma suna magana da harsuna daban-daban. Dukkansu suna magana da harsunan Kudu maso Gabas Surmic a cikin dangin harshen Nilo-Saharan, wanda ya haɗa da yarukan mutane Mun, Majang, da Me'en. ==Dubawa== Kalmar Suri sunan gamayya ne na Chai, Timaga, da Baale kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin lakabin "Suri woreda" (= karamar hukuma) a kudu maso yammacin Habasha, iyaka da Sudan ta Kudu. Alkaluman kidayar jama'ar kasar Habasha na shekarar 2007 ga kabilun kasar sun bambanta "Suri" daga "Mursi" da "Me'enit" (wanda ya zama na Me'en).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://www.csa.gov.et/pdf/Cen2007_firstdraft.pdf |access-date=2023-12-16 |archive-date=2012-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120604045256/http://www.csa.gov.et/pdf/Cen2007_firstdraft.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wasu mawallafa sun yi amfani da kalmomin "Suri" da "Surma" tare,  ko don dalilai masu karo da juna. Suri mutane ne masu noma da makiyaya kuma suna zaune a yankin Kudu maso yammacin Habasha na yankin Suri ta Yamma a yankin Omo a kasar Habasha, yayin da sauran kungiyoyin ke zama a wani bangare a makwabciyar kasar Sudan ta Kudu.<ref>Suri mutane ne masu noma da makiyaya kuma suna zaune a yankin Kudu maso yammacin Habasha na yankin Suri ta Yamma a yankin Omo a kasar Habasha, yayin da sauran kungiyoyin ke zama a wani bangare a makwabciyar kasar Sudan ta Kudu. Yawan Suri ya kasance 20,622 a cikin 1998 (ƙidayar ƙidayar) da ca. 32,000 a cikin 2016. Suri ma suna da alaƙa da Mursi a al'adance. </ref> Yawan Suri ya kasance 20,622 a cikin 1998 (ƙidayar ƙidayar) da ca. 32,000 a cikin 2016. Suri ma suna da alaƙa da Mursi a al'adance.<ref>http://www.sil.org/silesr/2002/033/SILESR2002-033.pdf</ref> ==Tarihi== Bisa ga al'adar baka ta Suri, sun fito ne daga Boma Plateau, Omo Valley, da Gobi na Maji Plateau zuwa yankinsu na yanzu kimanin shekaru 200 da suka wuce. Da farko sun zo Akobo (gabas daga Blue Nile ); Daga nan sai suka karkata ta bangarori hudu, zuwa kasan Kidhoa Bo na mewun zuwa tsaunin Boma da na sama daga Gobi maji Plateau da kwarin Omo na kogin Omo zuwa shologoy dutse. Waɗannan baƙin kuma sun mamaye ƙungiyoyin gida. Tun daga ƙarshen 1890s, sojojin daular Habasha da mazauna arewa suka tursasa Suri. Sakamakon wannan cin zarafi na siyasa da tattalin arziki, Suri da yawa sun tafi Plateau Boma a Kudancin Sudan, musamman bayan 1925. A cikin shekarun 1980 mutanen Suri sun yi safarar makamai masu sarrafa kansu daga Sudan.<ref>https://www.bbc.co.uk/tribe/tribes/suri/</ref> ==Rahotannin gudun hijira== A cewar "kungiyoyin bayar da shawarwari na kabilanci" ( Survival International and Native Solutions to Conservation Refugees), al'ummomin yankin, musamman Suri, Nyangatom, Anywa da Mursi, har yanzu suna cikin haɗarin ƙaura da kuma hana su zuwa wuraren kiwo na gargajiya da na noma. Fiye da shekaru goma da suka wuce babbar matsalar Suri da Mursi ita ce gwamnati ta kawo gidauniyar Parks Foundation, wadda aka fi sani da African Parks Conservation, na Netherlands .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://www.iucn.org/themes/ceesp/Wkg_grp/TGER/Notes%20for%2017%20May%20meeting.doc |access-date=2023-12-16 |archive-date=2008-02-27 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20080227155334/http://www.iucn.org/themes/ceesp/Wkg_grp/TGER/Notes%20for%2017%20May%20meeting.doc |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wadannan kungiyoyin fafutuka sun ba da rahoton cewa, mutanen Surma/Suri, Me'en da kuma Mursi jami'an shakatawa na gwamnati ne suka tilasta musu buga takardu da ba za su iya karantawa ba. Takardun rahotanni sun ce mutanen yankin sun amince su ba da filayensu ba tare da biyan diyya ba, kuma ana amfani da su ne wajen halasta iyakokin dajin Omo, wanda African Parks suka kwace. Wannan tsari, idan an gama, zai sa Suri, Mun, da dai sauransu su zama masu zaman banza a kasarsu. Irin wannan makoma kusan ta sami sauran ƙungiyoyin da su ma ke zaune a ciki ko kusa da wurin shakatawa, misali Dizi da Nyangatom. Abubuwan da ke barazana ga rayuwar Suri da maƙwabta a halin yanzu manyan ayyuka ne da jihar ke jagoranta kamar gina madatsar ruwa ta Gilgel Gibe III (wanda aka kammala a shekarar 2016) wanda ya kawar da noman raƙuman ruwa tare da haifar da ƙarancin ruwa, da kuma ci gaba da gina babbar madatsar ruwa ta daya. - gonakin noman (sukari) a yawancin wuraren kiwo da noman su. Wadannan suna matukar shafar rayuwa, rabe-raben halittu, albarkatu, da sararin samaniya, kuma ba sa haifar da ci gaban bil'adama na al'ummomin yankin. ==Al'adu== Huda lebe da lobes da shigar da farantin leɓe wani yanki ne mai ƙarfi na al'adun Suri. A lokacin balaga, galibin ‘yan mata kan cire hakoransu na kasa domin a huda musu lebbansu na kasa. Da zarar leben ya huda, sai a miqe sannan a sanya farantin leben masu girma a cikin rami na huda. Samun farantin lebe alama ce ta kyawun mace da dacewa; Wani abin da ake tunani shi ne, girman farantin, yawan shanun da matar ta fi "daraja" akan farashin amarya, kodayake wasu sun musanta hakan A lokuta na musamman, mutanen Suri suna sanya furanni masu launi a kawunansu kuma suna fenti fuskokinsu da jikinsu. Saboda rashin madubi, mutane suna fentin juna. Ana yin fenti ta hanyar haɗa ganye da furanni daga tsire-tsire iri-iri, dakakken dutsen (farare ko ja) da ruwa<refhttp://www.mursi.org/introducing-the-mursi/Body%20Art/lip-plates></ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} ==Hanyoyin haɗi na waje== {{commons category}} *[https://www.excelman.com/en/galerie/afrique/ethiopie-surma/ethiopie-surma.html The Surma People of the Omo Valley : Ethiopia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520223222/https://www.excelman.com/en/galerie/afrique/ethiopie-surma/ethiopie-surma.html |date=2024-05-20 }} *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lMUZrSpCrlA MOJA AFRIKA (Etiopija; ljubljana - Nairobi. Z motorjem!)], video of a 2006 visit to the Surma in Ethiopia {{in lang|sl}} {{Authority control}} gfstpy8v2g472nokv6nerugeikh0u9r 0 65009 842807 744491 2026-05-29T21:26:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Mohamed Hedi Cherif Paris.pdf|thumb|Mohamed Hédi Cherif]] '''Mohamed Hédi Cherif''' ( {{Lang-ar|محمد الهادي الشريف}} (23 Yuli 1932 - 23 Janairu 2021) masanin tarihi ne ɗan ƙasar Tunisiya kuma Malami ne a fannin ilimi.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.webdo.tn/2021/01/24/mohamed-hedi-cherif-nest-plus-un-grand-specialiste-de-la-tunisie-husseinite/#.YBBSmuhKhPY|title=Mohamed Hédi Chérif n’est plus : Un grand spécialiste de la Tunisie husseinite|date=24 January 2021|work=webdo.tn|language=French|access-date=16 December 2023|archive-date=21 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421151542/https://www.webdo.tn/2021/01/24/mohamed-hedi-cherif-nest-plus-un-grand-specialiste-de-la-tunisie-husseinite/#.YBBSmuhKhPY|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya kware a tarihin zamani da na zamanin [[Tunisiya]]. == Tarihin Rayuwa == Bayan karatunsa a Kwalejin Sadiki da École pratique des hautes études, ya sami agregation a tarihi a [[Faris|Paris]] da digiri na uku daga Sorbonne a shekarar 1979. Ya kasance mai bincike a Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Faransa daga shekarun 1970 zuwa 1974 kafin ya zama farfesa a {{Interlanguage link|Faculté des sciences humaines et sociales de Tunis|fr|lt=Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Tunis}} sama da shekaru talatin. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaba daga shekarun 1987 zuwa 1990. Farfesa Emeritus a Jami'ar Tunis, ya kasance memba na Majalisar Tunusiya don Binciken Kimiyya da Fasaha,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legislation.tn/sites/default/files/fraction-journal-officiel/2002/2002F/019/TF20021754.pdf|title=Nominations|date=5 March 2002|work=Journal officiel de la République tunisienne|language=French|access-date=16 December 2023|archive-date=11 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811222435/http://www.legislation.tn/sites/default/files/fraction-journal-officiel/2002/2002F/019/TF20021754.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> da kuma wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Kimiyya, harrufa, da fasaha na Tunisiya. Ya yi aiki sau da yawa a matsayin farfesa mai ziyara a Maghreb, [[Turai]], da [[Gabas ta Tsakiya]]. Har ila yau, ya daidaita kokarin da Jamhuriyar Tunisiya ta yi na microfilming a ma'aikatar Turai da harkokin waje ta Faransa, don mayar da tarihin mulkin mallaka zuwa Tunisia, kuma ya jagoranci sashen tarihi a {{Interlanguage link|Centre d'études et de recherches économiques et sociales|fr}} . Ya taɓa zama Babban Editan ''{{Interlanguage link|Les Cahiers de Tunisie|fr}}''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.webdo.tn/2016/07/26/mohamed-hedi-cherif-volonte-de-verite-historique/#.YBBS8uhKhPY|title=Mohamed Hédi Chérif et la volonté de vérité historique|date=26 July 2016|work=webdo.tn|language=French|access-date=16 December 2023|archive-date=23 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123201649/https://www.webdo.tn/2016/07/26/mohamed-hedi-cherif-volonte-de-verite-historique/#.YBBS8uhKhPY|url-status=dead}}</ref> Cherif ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kungiyar manyan makarantu da bincike na kimiya a kungiyar ma'aikata ta Tunisiya kuma ya kasance mai ɗaukar ma'aikata na manyan makarantu a Tunisiya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/31318-mohamed-hedi-cherif-un-historien-de-renom-tire-sa-reverence|title=Mohamed Hédi Chérif : Un historien de renom tire sa révérence|date=24 January 2021|work=Leaders|language=French}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 1987, an naɗa shi cikin kwamitin bayar da kyautar wallafe-wallafe da fasaha na Ma'aikatar Al'adun Tunisiya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessnews.com.tn/D%E9c%E8s+de+l%92historien+Mohamed+H%E9di+Ch%E9rif%0D%0A%0D%0A,544,105370,3|title=Décès de l’historien Mohamed Hédi Chérif|date=24 January 2021|work=Business News|language=French|access-date=16 December 2023|archive-date=16 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216090445/https://www.businessnews.com.tn/D%E9c%E8s+de+l%92historien+Mohamed+H%E9di+Ch%E9rif%0D%0A%0D%0A,544,105370,3|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya shahara sosai da bincike akan daular Husaini.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/31320-abdelhamid-largueche-hommage-a-mohamed-hedi-cherif-l-historien|title=Abdelhamid Larguèche : Hommage à Mohamed Hédi Chérif, l’historien|date=25 January 2021|work=Leaders|language=French}}</ref> Mohamed Hédi Cherif ya mutu a ranar 23 ga watan Janairu, 2021 yana da shekaru 88.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tunisienumerique.com/mohamed-hedi-cherif-nest-plus/|title=Mohamed Hédi Chérif n’est plus!|date=24 January 2021|work=Tunisie Numérique|language=French}}</ref> == Girmamawa == * Officier (1969),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnudst.rnrt.tn/jortsrc/1969/1969f/jo02869.pdf|title=Décrets et arrêtés|date=25 July 1969|work=Journal officiel de la République tunisienne|language=French|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111022600/http://www.cnudst.rnrt.tn/jortsrc/1969/1969f/jo02869.pdf|archivedate=11 January 2020}}</ref> sai kuma Kwamandan oda na Jamhuriyar Tunisiya (1971)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legislation.tn/sites/default/files/journal-officiel/1971/1971F/Jo03671.pdf|title=Décrets et arrêtés|date=24 August 1971|work=Journal officiel de la République tunisienne|language=French|access-date=16 December 2023|archive-date=10 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210063233/http://www.legislation.tn/sites/default/files/journal-officiel/1971/1971F/Jo03671.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Ma'aikacin National Order of Merit na Tunisia (1992)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnudst.rnrt.tn/jortsrc/1992/1992f/jo05192.pdf|title=Décrets et arrêtés|date=4 August 1992|work=Journal officiel de la République tunisienne|language=French|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180111164924/http://www.cnudst.rnrt.tn/jortsrc/1992/1992f/jo05192.pdf|archivedate=11 January 2018}}</ref> * Kwamandan {{Interlanguage link|Ordine dell'indipendenza|it|lt=Tunisian Order of Independence}} (2013)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnudst.rnrt.tn/jortsrc/2013/2013f/jo0382013.pdf|title=Décrets et arrêtés|date=10 May 2013|work=Journal officiel de la République tunisienne|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113150351/http://www.cnudst.rnrt.tn/jortsrc/2013/2013f/jo0382013.pdf|archivedate=13 January 2018}}</ref> * Knight na National Order for Work (Tunisia)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mosaiquefm.net/ar/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3-%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%86-%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/849635/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B0%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87|title=محمد الهادي الشريف صاحب ''تاريخ تونس'' في ذمة الله|date=24 January 2021|work=mosaiquefm.net|language=Arabic}}</ref> == Wallafe-wallafe == * (1980) ''تاريخ تونس : من عصور ما قبل التاريخ إلى الإستقلال'' * ''Pouvoir et société dans la Tunisie de H'usayn Bin Ali (1705-1740)'' (1984) * Histoire ''générale de l'Afrique, t. VI : L'Afrique au XIXe jusque vers les années 1880'' (1996) * Histoire ''générale de l'Afrique, t. V : L'Afrique du XVIe ko XVIII siècle'' (1999) * ''Individu et pouvoir dans les pays islamo-méditerranéens'' (2009) == Manazarta == [[Category:Matattun 2021]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1932]] l172q9py3br0ihk7i0lbbrmwt0gqhcu 0 65552 842823 359125 2026-05-29T21:40:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842823 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mohammad Mahmood Abubakar''' masanin ilmin halittu ne ɗan ƙasar [[Najeriya]] kuma tsohon [[Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Tarayyar Najeriya|ministan muhalli]] a [[Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya|tarayyar Najeriya]]. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Mohammad Mahmood Abubakar a Tudun Wada da ke Kaduna ta Kudu a Jihar Kaduna.<ref>{{Cite web |last=opeinfobase |date=2021-09-02 |title=Meet Mohammad Mahmood Abubakar The Ex-Minister Of Agriculture And Environment |url=https://infomediang.com/mohammad-mahmood-abubakar-biography/ |access-date=2023-09-09 |website=infomediang.com |language=en-us |archive-date=2023-09-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909115917/https://infomediang.com/mohammad-mahmood-abubakar-biography/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya sami digirinsa na farko a fannin ilmin halittu tare da mai da hankali kan ilimin halittu daga Jami'ar Washington ta Tsakiya da ke Elensburg, [[Washington (jiha)|Washington]], digirinsa na biyu a fannin sarrafa albarkatu tare da mai da hankali kan sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa daga Jami'ar [[Arizona]] da ke Tucson, da digirinsa na uku a fannin sarrafa ruwa daga Jami'ar [[Arizona]] a Tucson, duk a cikin ƙasar [[Amurka]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Mohammad Mahmood Abubakar |url=https://www.weforum.org/people/mohammad-mahmood-abubakar/ |access-date=2023-09-09 |website=World Economic Forum |language=en}}</ref> == Sana'a == Ya yi aiki a matsayin likitan ilimin halittu a matatar mai na NNPC Kaduna da ke Kaduna lokacin yana hidimar bautar ƙasa (NYSC). Ya yi aiki a Kittitas Country (Health Dept.), A Jami'ar [[Arizona]], E&A da Ayyukan Muhalli a [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], Mai Binciken Sharar Ma'aikata na Municipality na Babban Birnin Seattle, da Kittitas Country (Dept. Health). Ya kuma riƙe muƙami a Cibiyar Tsare-tsare, Bincike, da tantancewa a [[Najeriya]].<ref name="auto"/> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] q3tzkm1bdggm1nwlwr4mg2etky09dzz 0 65978 842873 354346 2026-05-29T23:05:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842873 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Moncef Ouannes''' ( {{Lang-ar|منصف وانس}}; 1956 - 4 Nuwamba 2020) masani ne a fannin ilimin zamantakewa ɗan ƙasar [[Tunisiya]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.leconomistemaghrebin.com/2020/11/04/covid-19-deces-de-lacademicien-tunisien-moncef-ouannes/|title=Covid-19: décès de l'académicien tunisien Moncef Ouannes|date=4 November 2020|work=L'Economiste Maghrébin|language=French}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == Bayan karatun tarihi na gargajiya, Ouannes ya sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Faculty of Human and Social Sciences na Tunis. Zai zama shugaban sashin ilimin zamantakewa a alma mater kafin ya koyar da ilimin zamantakewa a Jami'ar Tunis a shekaru da yawa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.babelio.com/auteur/OUANNES-MONCEF/367401|title=Moncef Ouannes|work=Babelio|language=French}}</ref> Ouannes ya yi aiki a matsayin Darakta Janar na Cibiyar Nazarin Tattalin Arziki da Nazarin Zamantakewa da Bincike kuma ya yi aiki a cikin kwamitin mujallolin kimiyya da yawa. Ya kuma yi aiki a kwamitocin duniya da dama kuma ya kasance malami mai ziyara a jami'o'in [[Larabawa]] daban-daban.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webdo.tn/2020/11/04/lacademicien-et-sociologue-moncef-ouannes-decede-du-coronavirus/|title=L'académicien et sociologue, Moncef Ouannes décède du coronavirus|date=4 November 2020|work=webdo.tn|language=French|access-date=29 December 2023|archive-date=4 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104144911/http://www.webdo.tn/2020/11/04/lacademicien-et-sociologue-moncef-ouannes-decede-du-coronavirus/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Farfesa ne a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Jami'ar Tunis, ya kasance memba na Kwalejin Tunisian Academy of Sciences, Letters, and Arts kuma memba na Higher Authority for Realisation of the Objectives of the Revolution, Political Reform and Democratic Transition.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/4773-la-liste-complete-des-membres-du-conseil-de-la-haute-instance-pour-la-realisation-des-objectifs-de-la-revolution|title=La liste complète des membres du Conseil de la Haute instance pour la réalisation des objectifs de la révolution|date=7 April 2011|work=Leaders.com.tn|language=French}}</ref> Binciken sa ya fi mayar da hankali kan ci gaba a cikin ƙasashen Maghreb.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kapitalis.com/tunisie/2020/11/04/deces-du-sociologue-moncef-ouannes/|title=Décès du sociologue Moncef Ouannes|date=4 November 2020|work=Kapitalis|language=French}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/international/2011/02/25/01003-20110225ARTFIG00637-moncef-ouannes-le-sort-du-pays-est-aux-mains-des-tribus.php|title=Moncef Ouannès : «Le sort du pays est aux mains des tribus»|date=25 February 2011|work=Le Figaro|language=French}}</ref> Moncef Ouannes ya mutu daga sanadiyyar kamuwa da cutar [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]] a [[Tunis]] a ranar 4 ga watan Nuwamba 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.gnet.tn/tunisie-luniversitaire-et-directeur-general-du-ceres-moncef-ouannes-nest-plus/|title=Tunisie : L'universitaire et Directeur Général du CERES, Moncef Ouannes, n'est plus|date=4 November 2020|work=GlobalNet Tunisie|language=French}}</ref> == Girmamawa == * An kyautar Knight of the Order of the Republic of Tunisia * An bashi kyautar Officer of the National Order of Merit of Tunisia == Manyan wallafe-wallafe == * ''Le phénomène associatif au Maghreb : histoire, processus d'évolution et views'' (1997) * ''Islam, elites, modernization and société dans la Libya contemporaine : Approche Socio-Anthropologique'' (2001) * ''Militaires, elites et modernization dans la Libye contemporaine'' (2009) * ''A Une histoire méconnue, les relations libyo-françaises au Fezzan de 1943 à 1956 : regards croisés, Libye, France, Tunisie (2012) :'' * ''Révolte et reconstruction en Libye: le roi et le rebelle (2014)'' == Manazarta == [[Category:Mutattun 2020]] dny0xsy0gcfltj2hfggnzp2posnd4bt 0 69765 842897 795344 2026-05-29T23:54:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Mother, I Am Suffocating.''''' '''''Wannan Shine Film Ɗina Na Karshe Game Daku''''' fim ne da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2019 na Lesotho [[Documentary film|shiri ne na]] gaskiya, wanda Lemohang Jeremiah Mosese ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.docaviv.co.il/2019-en/films/mother-i-am-suffocating-this-is-my-last-film-about-you/|title=Mother, I Am Suffocating. This Is My Last Film About You – Docaviv 2019|website=דוקאביב 20 Docaviv|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-25|archive-date=2020-10-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016162701/https://www.docaviv.co.il/2019-en/films/mother-i-am-suffocating-this-is-my-last-film-about-you/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sheffield.lightcinemas.co.uk/doc-mother-i-am-suffocating|title=Doc/Fest: Mother, I Am Suffocating. This Is My Last Film About You.|website=Sheffield - The Light Cinema Experience|access-date=2019-11-25}}</ref> Fim ɗin ya nuna yanayin abubuwan da daraktan ya samu bayan tafiyarsa daga Lesotho wanda yanzu ke zaune a Jamus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ridm.ca/en/films/mother-i-am-suffocating-this-is-my-last-film-about-you|title=Mother, I Am Suffocating. This Is My Last Film About You.|website=RIDM|language=en|access-date=2019-11-25|archive-date=2020-09-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918124744/https://ridm.ca/en/films/mother-i-am-suffocating-this-is-my-last-film-about-you|url-status=dead}}</ref> An fitar da fim ɗin a ranar 9 ga watan Fabrairu 2019 kuma ya sami yabo sosai na wasan kwaikwayo da fina-finai. Har ila yau, fim ɗin ya samu naɗi da dama a bukukuwan fina-finai na ƙasa da ƙasa kuma an tantance shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun fina-finan Afirka na shekarar 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africanarguments.org/2019/08/22/best-african-films-2019/|title=The best African films of 2019 so far...|date=2019-08-22|website=African Arguments|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-11-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amaa-2019-here-are-all-the-winners-at-the-15th-edition-of-award/m1ppsb7|title=AMAA 2019: Here are all the winners at the 15th edition of movie award|date=2019-10-27|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-25}}</ref> == 'Yan wasa == * Napo Kalebe * Moliteli Mokake * To Khobothe * Tsohle Mojati * Mercy Koetle * Pheku Lisema == Takaitaccen bayani == A kan titunan Lesotho masu ƙura, mutane suna kallon wata budurwa da ke ɗauke da gicciye a bayanta. Ta waigo tana kallon fuskokinsu. Fim ɗin ya ɗauki wani nau'i na wasiƙar waƙar ga uwar jarumar da kuma ƙasar mahaifiyarta, fim ɗin ya sake mayar da hankali da hangen nesa tsakanin Lesotho, ƙaramar ƙasa a Kudancin Afirka da Jamus inda daraktan ke zaune.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dohafilminstitute.com/financing/projects/grants/mother-i-am-suffocating-this-is-my-last-film-about-you|title=Mother, I Am Suffocating. This Is My Last Film About You|website=Doha Film Institute|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.arsenal-berlin.de/en/berlinale-forum/program-forum/main-program/mother-i-am-suffocating-this-is-my-last-film-about-you.html|title=Arsenal: Mother, I Am Suffocating. This Is My Last Film About You.|website=Arsenal – Institut für Film und Videokunst e.V.|language=en-UK|access-date=2019-11-25}}</ref> == liyafa == A kan Rotten Tomatoes, fim din yana da amincewar amincewa na 100% bisa ga sake dubawa 5, tare da matsakaicin darajar 7/10.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/mother_i_am_suffocating_this_is_my_last_film_about_you|title=MOTHER, I AM SUFFOCATING. THIS IS MY LAST FILM ABOUT YOU.|website=rottentomatoes.com|access-date=2022-08-13}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da zaɓe == {| class="wikitable" width="60%" ! style="width:10pt; background:LightSteelBlue;" |Shekara ! style="width:100pt; background:LightSteelBlue;" | Kyauta ! style="width:40pt; background:LightSteelBlue;" | Kashi ! style="width:50pt; background:LightSteelBlue;" | Sakamako |- | rowspan="2" | 2019 | rowspan="2" | 15th Africa Movie Academy Awards | Mafi kyawun Cinematography | {{Nom}} |- | Mafi kyawun Takardu | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2019 | rowspan="1" | Bergen International Film Festival | Documentaire na ban mamaki | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2019 | rowspan="1" | Berlin International Film Festival | Mafi kyawun Takardu | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2019 | rowspan="1" | Doc Aviv Film Festival | Zurfin Gasar Fage | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2019 | rowspan="1" | Durban International Film Festival | Mafi kyawun Takardu | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2019 | rowspan="1" | Sheffield International Documentary Festival | Takardun Fasaha | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2019 | rowspan="1" | Pacific Meridian | Mafi kyawun Takardu <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pacificmeridianfest.ru/archive/cat-2019/kinoprogramma-2019/mama-ja-zadyhajus-jeto-moj-poslednij-fil/ |title=Меридианы Тихого |access-date=2024-02-18 |archive-date=2024-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218093111/http://pacificmeridianfest.ru/archive/cat-2019/kinoprogramma-2019/mama-ja-zadyhajus-jeto-moj-poslednij-fil/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="1" | 2019 | rowspan="1" | Las Palmas de Gran Canaria International Film Festival | Kyautar Jury ta Musamman | {{Won}} |} == Manazarta == [[Category:fim]] r9wg1o4q0fgnignt7xy53owuhsppncl 0 75927 843356 719106 2026-05-30T11:48:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843356 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nonhlanhla Mthandi''' (kuma '''Nhlanhla''' ; An haife ta a ranar 19 ga watan [[Ogusta|Agusta]] shekara ta 1995) ƙwararriyar ƴar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce kuma ƴar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ƴar wasan tsakiya ga ƙungiyar [[Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon ƙafa ta SAFA ta Afirka ta Kudu|Mata ta SAFA]] Mamelodi Sundowns da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nonhlanhla Mthandi :: Sundowns :: Player Profile :: playmakerstats.com |url=https://www.playmakerstats.com/player/nonhlanhla-mthandi/933119?epoca_id=151 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=www.playmakerstats.com |language=en-GB |archive-date=2023-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231165436/https://www.playmakerstats.com/player/nonhlanhla-mthandi/933119?epoca_id=151 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies === A cikin 2015, Mthandi ta shiga [[Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon ƙafa ta SAFA ta Afirka ta Kudu|ƙungiyar Mata ta SAFA]] Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies . === Alexandra Bluebirds === A cikin 2016, ta bar Sundowns Ladies kuma ta shiga ƙungiyar Mata ta Sasol Alexandra Bluebirds don samun ƙarin lokacin wasa. Ta zura kwallo a wasan farko a waje da kungiyar Aqua Ladies. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Import |first=Pongrass |date=2016-09-12 |title='Gaddafi' eyes Banyana at Birds |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/alex-news/87547/gaddafi-eyes-banyana-at-birds/ |access-date=2024-03-14 |website=Alex News |language=en-US}}</ref> === Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies === A cikin 2021, ta kasance ɓangare na ƙungiyar 'yan matan Sundowns da suka yi nasara. Ta zura kwallo a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin zakarun mata na COSAFA a karon farko bayan da ta doke Black Rhino Queens da ci 3-0 daga Zimbabwe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Times |first=iDiski |date=2021-09-04 |title=Sundowns Book CAFWCL Finals Spot |url=https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/womens-football/sundowns-book-cafwcl-finals-spot/ |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=iDiski Times |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Wannan nasarar ce ta ba su damar shiga gasar cin kofin zakarun mata ta CAF da aka gudanar a birnin Alkahira na kasar Masar. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun mata ta CAF karo na farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-20 |title=Caf Women's Champions League: Mamelodi Sundowns beat Hasaacas to rule Africa {{!}} Goal.com South Africa |url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/caf-womens-champions-league-mamelodi-sundowns-beat-ghanaian-side-hasaacas-to-rule-africa/bltf4ee16212cc29ff3 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Sun kammala treble ta hanyar kare takensu na Hollywoodbets Super League a cikin Disamba 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Voice |first=Diski |date=2021-12-05 |title=Sundowns Crowned Champions OF Hollywoodbets Super League {{!}} Diski Voice |url=https://diskivoice.co.za/sundowns-crowned-champions-of-hollywoodbets-super-league/ |access-date=2023-12-31 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2022, ta yi tauraro a cikin shirin kulab ɗin Banyana ba Style: Sarauniyar Farko ta Kwallon Afirka. Fim ɗin yana murna da tafiya na 'yan wasan Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies yayin da suka cimma babban ci gaba na tarihi na da'awar gasar cin kofin zakarun mata na CAF na farko. Sun kasance a mataki na biyu don 2022 COSAFA Champions League mata da 2022 CAF Champions League na mata . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-13 |title=EN, FR, PR: Green Buffaloes stun Mamelodi Sundowns to win regional title |url=https://cosafa.com/green-buffaloes-stun-mamelodi-sundowns-to-win-regional-title/ |access-date=2023-12-31 |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-13 |title=AS FAR stun nine-woman Mamelodi Sundowns to clinch 2022 Caf Women's Champions League title {{!}} Goal.com South Africa |url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/as-far-stun-nine-woman-mamelodi-sundowns-to-clinch-2022-caf-women-s-champions-league-title/bltc72e136a7b1c7999 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Sun ci Hollywoodbets Super League na shekara ta uku a jere a cikin Nuwamba 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Times |first=iDiski |date=2022-11-28 |title=Final Hollywoodbets Super League Wrap |url=https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/womens-football/final-hollywoodbets-super-league-wrap/ |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=iDiski Times |language=en-US |archive-date=2026-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260425234911/https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/womens-football/final-hollywoodbets-super-league-wrap/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2023, sun ci gasarsu ta biyu da suka fara da gasar zakarun mata ta COSAFA ta 2023 tare da Mthandi ta zura kwallaye biyu a gasar. Sun dawo da kambun gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai lokacin da suka ci gasar cin kofin zakarun mata na CAF 2023 . Sun kammala gasar uku tare da taken 2023 Hollywoodbets Super League a watan Disamba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pillay |first=Alicia |date=2023-12-31 |title=Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies Ready for More Success after 2023 Triumph |url=https://gsport.co.za/mamelodi-sundowns-ladies-ready-for-more-success-after-2023-triumph/ |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=gsport4girls |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Mthandi ta fafata ne a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Afrika ta Kudu a gasar cin kofin mata ta COSAFA ta shekarar 2020 inda aka lashe gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-02 |title=Banyana Banyana 2020 COSAFA Women’s Cup squad: - SAFA.net |url=https://www.safa.net/2020/11/02/banyana-banyana-2020-cosafa-womens-cup-squad/ |access-date=2023-12-29 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416131907/https://www.safa.net/2020/11/02/banyana-banyana-2020-cosafa-womens-cup-squad/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kasance daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka zura kwallo a ragar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Komoros|Comoros]] da ci 7-0 a gasar. A cikin 2022, ta kasance cikin tawagar da ta zo ta biyu zuwa Zambia a Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta COSAFA ta 2022 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Writer |first=KickOff |title=Zambia pip Banyana to COSAFA crown |url=https://www.snl24.com/kickoff/sanews/banyana/banyana-lose-out-to-zambia-in-cosafa-cup-20220911 |access-date=2024-01-01 |website=KickOff |language=en-US}}</ref> == Girmamawa == === Kulob === === Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies === * [[Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon ƙafa ta SAFA ta Afirka ta Kudu|Kungiyar Mata ta SAFA]] : 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 * Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta CAF : 2021, 2023 ; Shekarar: 2022 * COSAFA Gasar Cin Kofin Mata: 2021, 2023 ; na biyu 2022.. === Afirka ta Kudu === * Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta COSAFA : 2020 ; shekara: 2022. == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1995]] mp0cqtosxlnuyudr3t75vgjlrtbuank 0 77964 842489 618198 2026-05-29T14:35:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842489 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-style: italic" |Darasi na Jagora |- class="mw-file-description" href="./File:MasterClass.jpg" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:MasterClass.jpg|frameless]]</img> |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap" | Wanda aka rubuta | class="infobox-data description" | [[Terrence McNally]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap" | Halaye | class="infobox-data" | |} '''''Jagora Class''''' wasa ne na shekarar 1995 na marubucin wasan kwaikwayo Ba’amurke Terrence McNally, wanda mawakiyar [[opera]] Maria Callas ta gabatar a matsayin babban darasi na almara kusa da ƙarshen rayuwarta, a cikin 1970s. Wasan ya ƙunshi kiɗan murya na bazata ta Giuseppe Verdi, Giacomo Puccini, da Vincenzo Bellini . An buɗe wasan a Broadway a cikin shekarar 1995, tare da taurari Zoe Caldwell da Audra McDonald sun ci Tony Awards . == Makirci == Wasan opera diva Maria Callas, mai kyawu, mai ba da umarni, wanda ya fi girma fiye da rayuwa, caustic, kuma mai ban dariya mai ban dariya yana riƙe da babban aji na mawaƙa. Wani abin takaici da burge daliban da suka yi faretin gabanta, ta ja da baya cikin tunowa irin ɗaukakar rayuwarta da aikinta. Daga cikin abubuwan da ta ƙunsa akwai ƙananan shekarunta a matsayin ƙaƙƙarfan agwagwa, tsananin ƙiyayyar da take yi wa kishiyoyinta, ƴan jaridun da ba su gafartawa waɗanda suka ɓata wasanninta na farko, nasarorin da ta samu a La Scala, da dangantakarta da [[Aristotle]] Onassis . Ya ƙare a cikin magana ɗaya game da sadaukarwa da aka ɗauka da sunan fasaha == Tarihin samarwa == Kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na Philadelphia ne ya shirya wasan a cikin Maris ɗin shekarar 1995, Dandalin Mark Taper da Cibiyar Kennedy . <ref>Keating, Douglas J. [http://articles.philly.com/1996-06-04/entertainment/25630392_1_terrence-mcnally-master-class-tonys "Phila. Theatre Company Savors ''Master Class'' Tonys"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303225401/http://articles.philly.com/1996-06-04/entertainment/25630392_1_terrence-mcnally-master-class-tonys |date=2016-03-03 }}, philly.com, June 4, 1996</ref> An fara wasan a Broadway a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na John Golden a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 1995 kuma an rufe shi a ranar 29 ga Yunin shekarar 1997 bayan wasan kwaikwayo 598 da samfoti goma sha biyu. Leonard Foglia ya jagoranci, ainihin simintin ya nuna Zoe Caldwell (as Callas), Audra McDonald (kamar Sharon), Karen Kay Cody, David Loud, Jay Hunter Morris, da Michael Friel. Patti LuPone (daga Yuli 1996) da Dixie Carter (daga Janairu 1997) daga baya sun maye gurbin Caldwell a matsayin Callas, Matthew Walley ya maye gurbin Morris kuma Alaine Rodin ya maye gurbin McDonald daga baya a cikin gudu. LuPone ya taka rawa a cikin samar da West End a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Queens, yana buɗewa a cikin Afrilun shekarar 1997 (samfoti) <ref name="dixie" /> kuma Faye Dunaway ya taka rawa a cikin balaguron ƙasa na Amurka a shekarar 1996. ''Jagoran Class'' ya gudu a Cibiyar Kennedy daga Maris 25, 2010 zuwa Afrilu 18, 2010, wanda Stephen Wadsworth ya jagoranta kuma ya buga Tyne Daly a matsayin Callas. An sake farfado da wasan a Broadway a cikin wani gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Manhattan a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Samuel J. Friedman, yana gudana daga Yuni 14, 2011 (samfoti) zuwa Satumba 4, 2011 don wasanni na 70 na yau da kullum da kuma 26 previews. Stephen Wadsworth ne ya jagoranta, simintin ya nuna Tyne Daly a matsayin Callas, tare da Saliyo Boggess a matsayin Sharon da Alexandra Silber a matsayin Sophie. Wannan samarwa ya koma ƙarshen Yamma a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Vaudeville daga Janairu zuwa Afrilu 2012, tare da Daly a matsayin Callas da Naomi O'Connell a matsayin Sharon. <ref name="spencer">Spencer, Charles. [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/theatre-reviews/9067334/Master-Class-Vaudeville-Theatre-review.html "'Master Class', Vaudeville Theatre, review"] ''The Telegraph'', February 8, 2012</ref> A shekarar 2010/11 Birtaniya yawon shakatawa samar da wasan, tauraro Stephanie Beacham a matsayin Callas <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 September 2010 |title=Stephanie Beacham to star in UK tour of ''Master Class'' |url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/stephanie-beacham-to-star-in-u.k.-tour-of-terrence-mcnallys-master-class-171777 |access-date=27 November 2014 |website=[[Playbill]]}}</ref> Wani samarwa a Paris, ''Jagoran Jagora - La leçon de chant'' (darasin waƙa) a cikin 1997 ya buga Fanny Ardant a matsayin Callas kuma Roman Polanski ya jagoranta. <ref>[http://www.filmreference.com/Actors-and-Actresses-A-Ba/Ardant-Fanny.html "Fanny Ardant"], filmreference.com, accessed May 5, 2014</ref> An sake farfado da shi sau biyu tare da tauraro Marie Laforêt a cikin 2000 da 2008. <ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/06/movies/marie-laforet-dead.html “ Marie Laforêt, French Actress and Singer, Is Dead at 80”], NYTimes.com, accessed November 15, 2023</ref> A cikin shekarar 1997, Norma Aleandro ya taka rawar Maria Callas a Teatro Maipo a [[Buenos Aires]] wanda [[Agustín Alezzo]] ya jagoranta. A cikin shekarar 2012, Aleandro da Alezzo sun yi sabon sigar wasan. Wani samarwa na Ostiraliya a cikin 1997 ya yi tauraro Robyn Nevin a matsayin Callas. Nevin ya taka rawa a Brisbane da [[Sydney]]. Amanda Muggleton sannan ta buga Callas a Adelaide a cikin shekarar 1998 da Melbourne a 1999. Muggleton ya sake bayyana rawar da aka yi a cikin shekarar 2001/02 na yawon shakatawa na Australiya kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta 2002 Helpmann don Mafi kyawun Jaruma a Wasa . <ref>{{Cite web |title=''Master Class'' |url=http://www.essgee.com/html/MasterClassPage.html |access-date=27 July 2014 |website=Essgee Entertainment}}</ref> Jelisaveta Seka Sablić ya buga Callas a cikin samar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na 1997 na Bitef, kafin ya zagaya da sauran gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na Belgrade da Serbian, da Switzerland a cikin 2005. Soprano Radmila Smiljanić ya kasance mai kula da kiɗa. An ba Sablić lambar yabo ta Miloš Žutić don rawar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=HELSE GmbH Newsletter |date=18 March 2005 |title=Master Klas - Marije Kalas |trans-title=Master Class of Maria Callas |url=https://www.helse.ch/stari-sajt/master_klas.php |website=HELSE GmbH] |language=sr |access-date=30 April 2024 |archive-date=29 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229055036/https://www.helse.ch/stari-sajt/master_klas.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Atelje 212 |date=2018 |title=Jelisaveta Seka Sablić |url=https://nasceni.rs/person/jelisaveta-seka-sablic-13491#panel1 |website=Na sceni.rs |language=sr |access-date=2024-04-30 |archive-date=2022-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230163246/https://nasceni.rs/person/jelisaveta-seka-sablic-13491#panel1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2014, Maria Mercedes ta sake dawo da aikin a Ostiraliya don yabo mai mahimmanci: "Yana da ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa ta kowane ma'auni." <ref>Woodhead, Cameron. [http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/theatre-review-master-class-a-masterful-tribute-to-maria-callas-20140821-106l0d.html "Theatre review: ''Master Class'' a masterful tribute to Maria Callas"], ''[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]'', August 21, 2014</ref> An zaɓe ta don lambar yabo da yawa, ta lashe lambar yabo ta Green Room Award don Mace mai yin wasan kwaikwayo mai zaman kanta. <ref>[http://www.theatrepeople.com.au/green-room-award-winners-announced/ "Green Room Award Winners Announced"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204025041/https://www.theatrepeople.com.au/green-room-award-winners-announced/ |date=2019-12-04 }} theatrepeople.com.au</ref> Hoton nata shine karo na farko a cikin ƙwararrun gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wata mace mai al'adun Girka ta buga Maria Callas. Aikin ya koma Sydney a watan Agusta 2015, kafin ya koma Melbourne a watan Satumba. <ref>[http://leftbauerproductions.com/master-class/ "Maria Mercedes / Maria Callas"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321091908/http://leftbauerproductions.com/master-class/ |date=2016-03-21 }}, Left Bauer Productions</ref> A cikin 2018 da 2019 an gudanar da wani shiri na ''Master Class'' a [[Athens]], Girka, a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Dimitris Horn tare da 'yar wasan Girka Maria Nafpliotou a cikin rawar tauraro. Har ila yau, samarwa ya sami yabo mai mahimmanci kuma a watan Fabrairun 2019 an ƙidaya wasanni 125 a jere. <ref>[https://www.huffingtonpost.gr/entry/master-class-e-maria-naepliotoe-meta-apo-125-sold-out-anevainei-ste-thessalonike_gr_5c6285fae4b0f9019a2695a0 "''Master class'': Η Μαρία Ναυπλιώτου μετά από 125 sold-out ανεβαίνει στη Θεσσαλονίκη"], [Maria Nafpliotou goes to Thessaloniki after 125 sold-out] ''[[HuffPost]]'', 2 December 2019 (in Greek)</ref> == Mahimman liyafar == Ben Brantley, a cikin nazarinsa na farfadowa na Broadway na shekarar 2011 don ''[[New York Times|The New York Times]]'' ya rubuta cewa, ko da yake ''Jagora Class'' ba "wasa mai kyau ba ne", ya ji cewa Tyne Daly "ya canza wannan rubutun zuwa ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun hotuna da na yi. gani na rayuwa bayan tauraro." <ref>[[Ben Brantley|Brantley, Ben]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/08/theater/reviews/master-class-with-tyne-daly-at-the-friedman-review.html "Theater Review. ''Master Class''"] ''[[The New York Times]]'', July 7, 2011</ref> == Kyaututtuka da zaɓe == ''Jagoran Jagora'' ya lashe lambar yabo ta shekarar 1996 Drama Desk Award don Fitaccen Sabon Wasa da Kyautar Tony Award na 1996 don Mafi kyawun Wasa . Zoe Caldwell ya lashe lambar yabo ta Tony Award na 1996 don Actress a cikin Wasa, kuma Audra McDonald ya lashe lambar yabo ta Tony Award na 1996 don Fitaccen Jaruma a Wasa. Farfaɗowar 2011 ta sami lambar yabo ta Tony Award na 2012, Mafi Farfaɗo na Wasa. == Magana == {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] t3clnq0hz4i5lg5wpjvqifo8lpnkpcn 0 79375 842914 584630 2026-05-30T02:41:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Jaridar Muslim News Nigeria''''', Jarida ce ta Musulunci da ake bugawa kowace wata a kowace wata a [[Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigerian daily names Erdogan Muslim Personality of 2019 |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/turkey/nigerian-daily-names-erdogan-muslim-personality-of-2019/1699261 |access-date=10 February 2020 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2020 |title=Erdogan named ‘Global Muslim Personality of the Year’ by Nigeria |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200111-erdogan-named-global-muslim-personality-of-the-year-by-nigeria/ |access-date=11 February 2020 |website=Middle East Monitor |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Tarihi == Rasheed Abubakar mawallafi ne, marubuci kuma mawallafin jaridar ''The Daily Independent'' a Legas, Najeriya ne ya kafa ''jaridar Muslim News Nigeria'' . An fara farawa a watan Agusta 2018. An kafa ta ne saboda rahotannin [[Hijab|Hijabi]] na Barista Firdaus Amasa da wasu kafafen yada labarai suka yi na rashin bayar da rahotannin Musulunci da Musulmai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigerian law graduate denied call to bar over hijab |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/12/nigerian-law-graduate-denied-call-bar-hijab-171216084329791.html |access-date=16 July 2020 |website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nijeryalı akademisyen, gazeteci ve alimlerden Ayasofya'nın ibadete açılmasına destek – Timetürk Haber |url=https://www.timeturk.com/nijeryali-akademisyen-gazeteci-ve-alimlerden-ayasofya-nin-ibadete-acilmasina-destek/haber-1560685-m |access-date=16 July 2020 |website=www.timeturk.com |archive-date=16 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716123256/https://www.timeturk.com/nijeryali-akademisyen-gazeteci-ve-alimlerden-ayasofya-nin-ibadete-acilmasina-destek/haber-1560685-m |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin watan Satumba 2018, ''Jaridar Muslim News Nigeria'' ta shiga yanar gizo tare da abubuwan da Musulmai ke ciki akai-akai da kuma zurfafa nazarin abubuwan da ke faruwa a [[Duniyar Musulunci|duniyar Musulmi]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nijeryalı akademisyen, gazeteci ve alimlerden Ayasofya'nın ibadete açılmasına destek – Haberso |url=https://www.haberso.com/amp/haber/5001723/nijeryali-akademisyen-gazeteci-ve-alimlerden-wayasofyanin-ibadete-acilmasina-destek |access-date=16 July 2020 |website=www.haberso.com |archive-date=16 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716132117/https://www.haberso.com/amp/haber/5001723/nijeryali-akademisyen-gazeteci-ve-alimlerden-wayasofyanin-ibadete-acilmasina-destek |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gidan yanar gizon sa yana cikin sauri ya zama gidan yanar gizon labaran musulmi da aka fi ziyarta a yawancin musulmi, da kuma wasu wadanda ba musulmi ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nijeryalı akademisyen, gazeteci ve alimlerden Ayasofya'nın ibadete açılmasına destek |url=https://www.aktiftv.eu/nijeryali-akademisyen-gazeteci-ve-alimlerden-ayasofyanin-ibadete-acilmasina-destek.html |access-date=16 July 2020 |website=Aktif TV |language=tr |archive-date=16 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716130906/https://www.aktiftv.eu/nijeryali-akademisyen-gazeteci-ve-alimlerden-ayasofyanin-ibadete-acilmasina-destek.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} egx23qqfnf37dylo221knkqc7gbu7tg 0 80151 843353 453732 2026-05-30T11:46:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843353 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nomsa Innocencia Tarabella Marchesi''' (an haife ta a ranar 2 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1970) 'yar siyasar Afirka ta Kudu ce wacce, tun daga watan Agustan shekara ta 2023 ita ce mai shirya taron Rise Mzansi's. Daga 2014 har zuwa Agusta 2023, ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokokin Afirka ta Kudu a matsayin memba a Jam'iyyar Democratic Alliance . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mrs Nomsa Innocencia Tarabella Marchesi - Parliament of South Africa |url=https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/354 |access-date=2020-08-14 |website=www.parliament.gov.za }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nomsa Innocencia Tarabella Marchesi |url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/nomsa-innocencia-tarabella-marchesi/ |access-date=2020-08-14 |website=People's Assembly |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Marchesi a [[Bloemfontein]], Free State a ranar 2 ga Yulin 1970. Ta halarci makarantar Vulamasango High a [[Bloemfontein|Mangaung]] sannan daga baya ta koma Wedela High, kusa da Potchefstroom . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Contact us People's AssemblyTel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South |date=2020-01-21 |title=Ms Nomsa Innocencia Tarabella Marchesi |url=https://pa.org.za/blog/ms-nomsa-innocencia-tarabella-marchesi |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=People's Assembly |language=en}}</ref> Ta yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Free State]], inda ta sami BSc a cikin microbiology da biochemistry.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=The Team |url=https://www.risemzansi.org/the-team |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=www.risemzansi.org |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya ta yi karatu a Ireland kuma ta yi aiki a can a binciken asibiti.<ref name=":02" /> Marchesi ya koma Afirka ta Kudu don samun digiri na girmamawa a fannin ilimin likitanci kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai bincike kuma a Jami'ar Free State Rd == Siyasa == Marchesi ya shiga jam'iyyar Democratic Alliance a shekarar 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Contact us People's AssemblyTel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South |date=2020-01-21 |title=Ms Nomsa Innocencia Tarabella Marchesi |url=https://pa.org.za/blog/ms-nomsa-innocencia-tarabella-marchesi |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=People's Assembly |language=en}}</ref>A shekara ta 2014, an zabe ta a matsayin memba na Majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu . Ta yi aiki a matsayin Whip a cikin Shadow Cabinet na Mmusi Maimane . Ta kuma kasance memba na Kwamitin Fayil na Ilimi na asali a majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu. A ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2023, Marchesi ta zama Mataimakin Ministan Mata, Matasa da Mutanen da ke da nakasa, kuma Wani Ƙari a kan 'yan sanda tare da mai da hankali kan tashin hankali na jinsi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mathew Cuthbert replaces Gwen Ngwenya as DA's head of policy |url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/news/south-africa/2023-04-21-mathew-cuthbert-replaces-gwen-ngwenya-as-das-head-of-policy/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=SowetanLIVE |language=en-ZA}}</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Agustan 2023, bayan shekaru 10 a matsayin wakilin DA, Marchesi ta yi murabus, ta bar matsayinta na memba na majalisa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Maliti |first=Soyiso |title='Not very much inclusive': MP dumps DA for Rise Mzansi, citing Steenhuisen, Zille's leadership |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/politics/political-parties/not-very-much-inclusive-mp-dumps-da-for-rise-mzansi-citing-steenhuisen-zilles-leadership-20230815 |access-date=2023-08-29 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta shiga tsoffin mambobin DA da yawa wadanda suka yi murabus daga jam'iyyar suna mai nuna rashin haɗin kai ga mambobin baki. Bayan barin DA, ta zaɓi shiga jam'iyyar siyasa ta Rise Mzansi, ta zama mai shirya jam'iyyar Free State.<ref name=":1" /> Marchesi ta ce darajar Rise Mzansi ta fi dacewa da nata kuma ba kamar DA ba, a cikin kalmominta, "ba mutum ɗaya ba ne".<ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://twitter.com/NomsaMarchesi Twitter] * [https://www.facebook.com/nomsa.tarabellamarchesi Facebook] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1i4twdccgcdigifmvvdibvnn0lk33t5 0 81027 843315 559166 2026-05-30T10:48:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843315 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Nina_Fagnani,_painting_by_Raimundo_de_Madrazo_y_Garreta.jpg |thumb|Nina Fagnani ]] '''Nina Fagnani''' (1856-1928)'yar asalin Amurka ce mai zane-zane na Faransa. Fagnani ita 'yar mai zane ce mai suna [[Giuseppe Fagnani]], wanda ta yi hijira zuwa Amurka tare da Sir Henry Bulwer lokacin da ya zo ya ɗauki mukaminsa a matsayin jakadan Burtaniya a 1849.Daga baya ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka kuma ya yi aure,a 1851,Harriet Emma Everett Goodwin na Charlestown,Massachusetts.Ma'auratan sun zauna a Birnin New York,inda aka haifi Nina a ranar 24 ga Satumba,1856. <ref name="findagrave">Find a Grave: [https://pt.findagrave.com/memorial/142962137/nina-fagnani Nina Fagnani]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Nazarinta na fasaha ya faru ne a birnin Paris,inda ta yi aiki tare da gwauruwar William Wyld,da kuma wata Madame Grec. Ta fara nunawa a Salon na Paris na 1880, tana nuna ''Hoton jariri'' a kan enamel; ta kuma nuna a Salons na 1890, 1895, 1896, da 1898, kuma a 1892 ta gabatar da aiki a Royal Academy of Arts a London. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutuwan 1928]] qibnijsktx82xgve182b51lbamruaed 0 81491 842818 718814 2026-05-29T21:35:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mohamed Soltan''' ( {{Lang-ar|محمد سلطان}}, an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Nuwamba 1987 <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 August 2014 |title=A year behind bars – Mohamed Soltan |url=https://dailynewsegypt.com/2014/08/25/year-behind-bars-mohamed-soltan/}}</ref> ) ɗan ƙasar Masar ne mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama kuma tsohon fursunan siyasa a Masar. Shi ne ya kafa kuma ya jagoranci kungiyar ‘Freedom Initiative’, wata kungiyar kare hakkin bil’adama da ke da mazauni a Amurka, wacce manufarta ita ce ta “jawo hankalin duniya kan halin da fursunonin siyasa ke ciki a [[Gabas ta Tsakiya]] da kuma bayar da shawarar a sake su. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Freedom Initiative mission |url=https://www.thefreedomi.org |agency=The Freedom Initiative}}</ref> Shirin Freedom Initiative ya fito ne daga kungiyar gwagwarmaya ta #FreeSoltan ta duniya <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2014 |title=Man left behind – Mohamed Soltan |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/abderrahmane-amor/mohamed-soltan_b_6041750.html |website=Huffington Post UK}}</ref> wacce ke fafutukar ganin an saki Soltan daga kurkukun zalunci a Masar, inda aka tsare shi daga watan Agusta 2013 zuwa watan Mayu 2015 bayan zanga-zangar adawa da juyin mulkin Masar na shekarar 2013 da [[Abdul Fatah el-Sisi|Abdel Fattah el-Sisi]] yayi. Lokacin da kuma bayan juyin mulkin, an harbe Soltan, an ɗaure shi, an azabtar da shi, kuma aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2015 |title=Photos show American held in Egypt badly bruised and ill |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/21/world/middleeast/photos-show-mohamed-soltan-american-held-in-egypt-badly-bruised-and-ill.html}}</ref> [[Fayil:Five Years Later- The Rabaa Massacre and Egypt's Future - 42520624220.jpg|thumb|Mohamed Soltan]] Bayan kwanaki 643 a gidan yari, ciki har da 489 na yajin cin abinci na neman a sake shi, Soltan ya samu 'yanci ya tafi Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2015 |title=After 489 days on hunger strike in prison, Mohamed Soltan deported to US |url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/131506/Egypt/Politics-/After--days-on-hunger-strike-in-prison,-Mohamed-So.aspx |website=Huffington Post UK}}</ref> Sakin nasa ya biyo bayan neman ‘yancinsa daga Fadar White House, Sanata [[John McCain]] da wasu shugabannin Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 April 2015 |title=Statement by the press secretary on the conviction and sentencing of American citizen Mohamed Soltan |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/04/11/statement-press-secretary-conviction-and-sentencing-american-citizen-moh |website=The White House}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2018 |title=If it weren't for John McCain, I'd still be in an Egyptian prison |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/democracy-post/wp/2018/08/31/if-it-werent-for-john-mccain-id-still-be-in-an-egyptian-prison/}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko, iyali, da ilimi == An haifi Soltan a Masar. Ɗaya daga cikin 'yan'uwa biyar, shi da iyalinsa sun ƙaura zuwa Amurka a tsakiyar shekarun 1990s lokacin yana ɗan shekara bakwai. Sun zauna a [[Boston]], Kansas City da [[Detroit]] kafin su zauna a [[Columbus|Columbus, Ohio]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2014 |title=Ohio State grad sentenced to life in prison |url=https://www.beaconjournal.com/article/20140704/NEWS/307049881}}</ref> Soltan ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙarami mataki da ƙwallon kwando a makarantar sakandare, yana auna nauyin kilo 336 (kilo 152) lokacin da ya fara ƙaramar shekararsa ta sakandare. Shekaru goma bayan haka, yayin da yake kurkuku a Masar kuma yana yajin cin abinci yana neman 'yancinsa, ya rubuta farin ciki game da shekarunsa na kwallon kwando na sakandare a cikin wata wasika da aka fitar da ita daga kurkuku kuma aka buga a jaridar ''New York Times'': "Na daina shan sheesha, na rasa fam 60. Na yi aiki tuƙuru a kowace al'ada, kuma na ƙaura daga benci na ƙungiyar JV zuwa 6th-man, zuwa mai farawa A ƙarshen shekara, na kasance cikin ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando tare da abokan karatuna." <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2014 |title=For an Egyptian-American prisoner on hunger strike in Cairo, a letter home |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/18/world/middleeast/from-an-egyptian-american-prisoner-mohamed-soltan-on-hunger-strike-in-cairo-a-letter-home.html}}</ref> [[Fayil:An American Tragedy- Mustafa Kassem's Needless Death in Sisi's Prison - 49420332198.jpg|thumb|Mohamed Soltan]] A watan Janairun 2012, ya tsallake rijiya da baya da aka kai masa harin kone-kone a gidansu lamarin da FBI ta yi bincike a kansa a matsayin laifin kyamar musulmi. Watanni da suka gabata, ƴan fashin sun yi fentin kalamun kyamar Larabawa da musulmi a gidan danginsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 April 2015 |title=Ohio State grad sentenced to life in prison |url=https://www.dispatch.com/article/20150412/NEWS/304129915}}</ref> Soltan ya halarci Jami'ar Jihar Ohio, inda ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 2012 tare da digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2014 |title=Ohio State graduate remains imprisoned in Egypt |url=https://www.thelantern.com/2014/02/ohio-state-graduate-remains-imprisoned-egypt/}}</ref> Mahaifin Soltan, [[:ar:صلاح الدين سلطان|Salah Soltan]], fitaccen malami ne a fannin ilimin fikihu, wanda ya koyar a cibiyoyin koyar da ilimin addinin musulunci da dama, kuma ya rubuta littafai sama da 60. Salah Soltan yana da alaka da kungiyar 'yan uwa musulmi kuma ya kasance mataimakin ministan kyauta a gwamnatin shugaban kasar Masar [[Mohamed Morsi]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2016 |title=Letter from Mohamed Soltan – My imprisoned father is paying the price for my advocacy |url=https://egyptianstreets.com/2016/03/17/letter-from-mohamed-soltan-my-imprisoned-father-is-paying-the-price-of-my-advocacy/ |agency=Egyptian Streets}}</ref> Bayan juyin mulkin da aka yi a Masar a shekarar 2013 da ya hambarar da gwamnatin Morsi, Salah ya kasance a gidan yari tare da yanke masa hukuncin kisa. A shekarar 2019, kungiyar aiki ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya kan tsare mutane ba bisa ka'ida ba, ta bayyana Salah a matsayin "dan fursuna" tare da yin kira da a gaggauta sakinsa daga gidan yari. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 March 2019 |title=UN calls on Egypt to immediately release opposition figure Salah Sultan |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20190325-un-calls-on-egypt-to-immediately-release-opposition-figure-salah-sultan/ |agency=Middle East Monitor}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun 2022, kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama 19 sun yi kira ga hukumomin Masar da su gaggauta ba Salah kulawar lafiya saboda yana cikin "koshin lafiya" kuma "bai iya ɗaukar nauyin kansa ba kuma wasu masu gadi biyu ne suka shigar da shi ɗakin." Kungiyoyin kare hakkin sun ce jami'an gidan yarin sun ki amincewa da buƙatunsa da yawa na ganin likita ko kuma samar da magunguna da kayan aikin jinya da yake buƙata don yanayin lafiyarsa da dama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-16 |title=Egypt: Rights Defender's Imprisoned Father At Risk |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/02/16/egypt-rights-defenders-imprisoned-father-risk |access-date=2022-02-16 |website=Human Rights Watch |language=en}}</ref> Lokacin da Mohamed Soltan ya auri Habiba Shebita a Reston, Virginia a watan Satumba a shekarar a 2017, mahaifin Mohamed ya yi jawabi a wurin bikin ta hanyar saƙon murya da aka fitar da shi daga kurkuku, yana mai cewa: “Ina tare da ku. Ina tare da ku kamar yadda kuke tare da ni." <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2017 |title=From a Cairo prison to a poignant wedding |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/08/fashion/from-a-cairo-prison-to-a-poignant-wedding-for-mohamed-soltan.html}}</ref> == Arab Spring == Soltan ya huta daga makarantarsa lokacin da juyin juya halin 2011 ya ɓarke ya tafi Masar don shiga cikin juyin juya halin neman 'yanci da matasa suka yi. Shi da abokansa na Jami'ar Jihar Ohio sun kirkiro rigar gamayyar matasan da za su sanya a kofar shiga dandalin Tahrir na birnin Alkahira [[Hosni Mubarak|Mr.]] Makonni bayan haka, Soltan ya koma Amurka kuma ya zagaya harabar jami'o'i don yin magana game da kwarewarsa a lokacin juyin juya hali. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2021 |title=Former political prisoner Mohamed Soltan is hopeful as he prepares to graduate |url=https://sfs.georgetown.edu/mohamed-soltan-sfs-msfs-21/ |agency=Georgetown University Walsh School of Foreign Service |access-date=13 July 2024 |archive-date=13 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713170734/https://sfs.georgetown.edu/mohamed-soltan-sfs-msfs-21/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Komawa Masar == Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Jihar Ohio a shekara ta 2012, Soltan ya koma [[Misra|Masar]] don taimaka wa mahaifiyarsa da ke fama da ciwon daji. Ya yi aiki a matsayin manajan ci gaban kasuwanci na wani kamfanin samar da man fetur na Masar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2014 |title=An American's ordeal in Egypt |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/opinion/columnists/2014/06/30/american-court-egyptian-mohamed-soltan/11734903/}}</ref> A lokacin, mahaifinsa ya kasance mataimakin ministan baiwa addinin musulunci a gwamnatin Morsi a shekara ta 2012. == Raba Square == [[Fayil:The Egyptian Elections and U.S. Policy Congressional Briefing (40765046722).jpg|thumb|Mohamed Soltan]] Soltan dai ya sha kaye a harin da sojojin Masar suka kai wa masu zanga-zangar goyon bayan Morsi da ke nuna adawa da juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi a ranar 3 ga watan Yulin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2013 |title=Two sit-ins test new Egyptian leadership |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/08/09/world/middleeast/cairo-protests-video-map.html}}</ref> Don nuna adawa da dawowar mulkin soja, Soltan ya shiga zaman Rab'aa Al-Adawiya, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida na hakika da kuma haɗa kai da 'yan jarida da masu zanga-zangar ƙasashen waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2013 |title=Ohio State grad has inside view of Egyptian unrest |url=https://abcnews.go.com/WNT/video/ohio-state-graduate-inside-view-egyptian-unrest-20006043 |website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |agency=ABC News}}</ref> Sakamakon haka, ya zama shaida na gani da ido kan yadda aka tarwatsa masu zaman dirshan, inda ya samu raunuka a hannun ‘yan bindigar sari-ka-noke, a lokacin da yake watsa ta kai-tsaye a shafinsa na Twitter, abin da daga baya aka fi sani da kisan kiyashi mafi muni a tarihin Masar na baya-bayan nan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2013 |title=Interview with an American shot and arrested in Egypt |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/9bz9my/interview-with-an-american-shot |agency=Vice News}}</ref> == Kamewa da ɗauri == A watan Agustan 2013, yayin da yake murmurewa daga raunukan da ya samu a gidan danginsa da ke [[Kairo|birnin Alkahira]], an kama Soltan, tare da 'yan jarida uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2013 |title=Egyptian military crackdown leads to arrest of American citizen |url=https://world.time.com/2013/08/27/egyptian-military-crackdown-leads-to-arrest-of-american-citizen/ |agency=Time }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ya ɓace tsawon kwanaki biyu, sannan jami’an tsaron jihar suka yi masa duka, suka yi masa tambayoyi game da mahaifinsa. A watannin farko na zaman gidan yari, Soltan ya ce an azabtar da shi, an yi masa dukan tsiya a ya samu karaya a hannu kuma an hana shi kula da lafiyarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 January 2020 |title=Egypt's ex-PM faces torture allegation in American's lawsuit |url=https://apnews.com/article/egypt-lawsuits-us-news-ap-top-news-courts-7e35636cd516eff5be05a2b112f5ac92 |website=Associated Press}}</ref> A cikin watan Satumba 2013, New York Times ta buga wasiƙar daga Soltan zuwa mahaifiyarsa wasiƙar da aka fitar da ita daga kurkuku. Soltan ya rubuta game da abin da ya bayyana a matsayin matsananciyar yanayin gidan yari. Ya kuma ce, “Sai aka ce za a tuhume ni a hukumance da laifuffuka shida: bayar da kuɗaɗe ga kungiyar ta’addanci, zama mamba a kungiyar ta’addanci, shiga kungiyar mayakan sa-kai, da hargitsa zaman lafiya, karya da yaɗa jita-jita game da harkokin cikin gidan Masar; da kuma A ƙarshe, kashe masu zanga-zangar na yi matukar kaɗuwa da cewa irin waɗannan tuhume-tuhumen, waɗanda babu wani tushe a cikin su, za a kawo min ne a hankali, da tunanin shirin da na yi a nan gaba game da sana'ata, da kuma dangina, kuma na yi tunanin haka. duk za a lalatar da su a hankali da wannan shashanci da ake yi mini." <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2013 |title=A detained Egyptian-American activist's letter to his mother |url=https://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/09/30/a-detained-egyptian-american-activists-letter-to-his-mother}}</ref> [[Fayil:An American Tragedy Mustafa Kassem's Needless Death in Sisi's Prison (49420331298).jpg|thumb|Mohamed Soltan]] A cikin watan Janairu 2014 wasiƙar Soltan da aka fitar da ita daga kurkuku kuma aka aika wa Shugaba [[Barack Obama]], wani baƙin ciki da fushi Soltan ya rubuta a wani ɓangare, "Yin watsi da ni, ɗan ƙasar Amurka wanda ya yi aiki tuƙuru wajen zaɓen ku, kuma babban mai goyon bayan ku kuma mai kare ku. Shugabanci, ya bar mini wani kunci wanda kusan ya yi tsanani kamar zafin da ke fitowa daga hannuna da aka yanka a kwanan nan." An buga wasikar a jaridar New York Times. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2014 |title=Letter for Obama from American detained in Egypt |url=https://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/01/24/letter-to-obama-from-american-detained-in-egypt/l}}</ref> == Yajin aikin cin abinci == Watanni da aka yi a gidan yari, Soltan ya fara yajin cin abinci na fili wanda ya ɗauki tsawon kwanaki 489 yana nuna rashin amincewa da zaman kurkuku na rashin adalci da kuma yanayin tsare shi.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/video/world/middleeast/100000002915444/an-americans-plea-from-an-egyptian-jail.html|title=An American's Plea From an Egyptian Jail|work=NYTimes.com - Video|access-date=2018-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/News/131506.aspx|title=After 489 days on hunger strike in prison, Mohamed Soltan gives up Egyptian citizenship, deported to US - Politics - Egypt - Ahram Online|website=english.ahram.org.eg|language=en|access-date=2018-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=After 489 days on hunger strike in prison, Mohamed Soltan gives up Egyptian citizenship, deported to US - Politics - Egypt - Ahram Online |url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/News/131506.aspx |access-date=2018-07-10 |website=english.ahram.org.eg |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga watan Mayu, 2015, jim kaɗan bayan wani alkali na Masar ya yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai tare da wasu 37, ciki har da 'yan jarida 13,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-depths-of-egypts-human-rights-crisis/2015/06/02/d031fe14-088d-11e5-9e39-0db921c47b93_story.html|title=The depths of Egypt's human rights crisis|newspaper=Washington Post|language=en|access-date=2018-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/22/opinion/egypt-sentences-an-american-to-life.html?_r=0|title=Opinion {{!}} Egypt Sentences an American to life|access-date=2018-07-10|language=en}}</ref> gwamnatin Amurka ta yi magana game da hukuncin, kuma fadar White House ta yi Allah wadai da hukuncin da Soltan ya yanke tare da buƙatarsa nan da nan aka sake shi.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2015/04/240592.htm|title=The Conviction of Mr. Mohamed Soltan|work=U.S. Department of State|access-date=2018-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/04/11/statement-press-secretary-conviction-and-sentencing-american-citizen-moh|title=Statement by the Press Secretary on the Conviction and Sentencing of American Citizen Mohamed Soltan|date=2015-04-11|work=whitehouse.gov|access-date=2018-07-10|language=en}}</ref> A cewar wani rahoto na The Guardian da ke nuni da wani rahoton lafiya mai zaman kansa wanda ofishin jakadancin Amurka da ke birnin Alkahira ya taimaka, Soltan ya rasa akalla kashi uku na nauyin jikinsa kuma ya kasa tsayawa ba tare da wani taimako ba a kwana 100 na yajin cin abinci a gidan yari.<ref name=Guardian>{{cite news|title=Fears for US citizen on hunger strike in Egyptian jail as health worsens|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/09/fears-us-citizen-hunger-strike-egyptian-jail-health-worsens|accessdate=1 June 2014|agency=The Guardian|date=9 May 2014}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga watan Mayu, 2014, wani faifan bidiyo da ke nuna Soltan ta CNN Christiane Amanpour ta fitar inda Soltan ya nemi taimakon Shugaba Obama da sauran al'ummar duniya.<ref name=MEE>{{cite news|title=American hunger striker in Egypt makes video appeal to Obama|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/american-hunger-striker-egypt-makes-video-appeal-obama-435916048|accessdate=18 October 2014|agency=Middle East Eye|date=27 May 2014}}</ref><ref name=AJEStream>{{cite news|title=American on hunger strike in Egypt demands action|url=http://stream.aljazeera.com/story/201405290026-0023776|accessdate=1 June 2014|agency=Al Jazeera|issue=The Stream|date=29 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226075747/http://stream.aljazeera.com/story/201405290026-0023776|archive-date=26 December 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> == #Kamfen na FreeSoltan == Yajin cin abinci na Soltan ya sami goyan bayan wani yunƙurin kamfen na #FreeSoltan na duniya, a cikin gida a Masar da na duniya a Amurka da Turai. 'Yar uwar Soltan, Hanaa ce ta gudanar da kamfen ɗin kuma ya kunshi dangi, abokai, lauyoyi da masu kare hakkin ɗan Adam a duniya. Kamfen ɗin ya mayar da hankali ne kan sarrafa saƙon, sadar da shi yadda ya kamata a cikin ƙungiyoyin doka da na gwamnati. Kamfen ɗin ya yi nasarar tattara dubban mutane daga kowane fanni na rayuwa bayan halin da Soltan ke ciki. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 January 2015 |title=Ohio State alumnus' hunger strike approaches its 1-yr mark in Egyptian prison |url=https://www.thelantern.com/2015/01/ohio-state-alumnus-hunger-strike-approaches-its-1-year-mark-in-an-egyptian-prison/}}</ref> Kamfen na #FreeSoltan ya zargi gwamnatin Amurka da rashin yin wani abin da ya dace wajen ingiza mahukuntan Masar wajen sasantawa ko watsi da ƙarar da suka ce yana da alaka da siyasa. Su ma magoya bayan Soltan sun ce zargin da ake yi masa na siyasa ne. Yajin cin abinci da Soltan ya yi ya haifar da sukar mahukuntan Masar a shafukan sada zumunta da muhawara da nuna adawa da ɗaurin da aka yi masa. Wani jami’in ofishin jakadancin Amurka ya ce wakilan ofishin jakadancin sun ziyarci Soltan sau da yawa a gidan yarin Tora da ke wajen birnin Alkahira kuma sun halarci zaman Soltan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2014 |title=For American jailed in Egypt, a long wait for court date – and charges |url=https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/nation-world/world/article24765253.html |agency=McClatchy}}</ref> == Gudanarwa == Bayan sakinsa daga kurkuku a watan Mayun 2015, Soltan ya yi wa manyan jami'an gwamnatin Amurka bayani kan zaman da ya yi a gidan yari da kuma halin da dubun-dubatar fursunonin siyasa ke ciki a Masar. Ya ba da shaida a gaban kwamitin Lantos na Majalisar Dokokin Amurka kan Kare Hakkokin Ɗan Adam. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lantos Commission – Human rights in Egypt |url=https://humanrightscommission.house.gov/events/hearings/hearing-human-rights-egypt}}</ref> Har ila yau, Soltan ya yi wa kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil Adam da sauran kungiyoyin fafutuka bayani kan yadda ake tauye hakkin ɗan Adam da ya fuskanta a gidan yari da da yawa ke ci gaba da fuskanta. Soltan da 'yar uwarsa Hanaa, sun yi amfani da nasarori da darussa da aka koya daga kamfen #FreeSoltan na kaddamar da kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta Freedom Initiative da ke Amurka da ke kokarin ganin an sako fursunonin siyasa a Masar da Saudiyya. Kungiyar na gudanar da shawarwari, kamfen da kuma ayyukan shari'a a kokarin cimma manufofinta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Freedom Initiative – About us |url=https://thefreedomi.org/about-us/}}</ref> == Dangantaka da Jamal Khashoggi == Soltan aboki ne kuma aminin ɗan jaridar Saudiyya kuma marubucin jaridar Washington Post [[Jamal Khashoggi]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2019 |title='Saudi Arabia wants to stop my work.'Activists are facing new threats for continuing Jamal Khashoggi's efforts |url=https://time.com/5590171/new-threats-saudi-arabia-jamal-khashoggi/ |access-date=13 July 2024 |archive-date=13 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713170733/https://time.com/5590171/new-threats-saudi-arabia-jamal-khashoggi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> wanda jami'an gwamnatin Saudiyya suka kashe a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Saudiyya da ke Istanbul, Turkiyya a ranar 2 ga watan Oktoba 2018. A cikin watan Satumba na shekarar 2019 op-ed a cikin Washington Post, <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2019 |title=How Khashoggi gave Arab dissidents support – and community |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/09/30/how-khashoggi-gave-arab-dissidents-support-community/}}</ref> Soltan ya bayyana abokantakarsu da kuma yadda Khashoggi ya yi aiki a matsayin jagora gare shi da sauran masu fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama na Larabawa. Daga baya Soltan ya bayyana sakamakon asirce da aka yi ta cece-kuce a shari'ar kisan Khashoggi a Saudiyya <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 September 2020 |title=Saudi Arabia jails eight over Khashoggi murder, fiancee decries trial |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/saudi-khashoggi-int/saudi-arabia-jails-eight-over-khashoggi-murder-fiancee-decries-trial-idUSKBN25Y1YHl |website=Reuters}}</ref> a matsayin "rashin adalci." <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2019 |title=What Saudi Arabia's sham Khashoggi verdict means for Arab dissidents |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/12/30/what-saudi-arabias-sham-khashoggi-verdict-means-arab-dissidents/}}</ref> Soltan ya yi karin haske game da abokantakar su a cikin tambayoyin kafofin watsa labarai na gaba <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2021 |title='He gave nobody a full view of his life – In his final days, Jamal Khashoggi juggled a secret wife in the U.S. and a fiance in Turkey |url=https://news.yahoo.com/he-gave-nobody-a-full-view-of-his-life-in-his-final-days-jamal-khashoggi-juggled-a-secret-wife-in-the-us-and-a-fiance-in-turkey-090031920.html}}</ref> da kuma a cikin wani fim na gaskiya akan Khashoggi, "Mulkin Shiru." Lokacin da Gidauniyar Washington OXI Day Foundation ta gabatar da lambar yabo ta Jajircewa ta 2019 ga Khashoggi bayan mutuwarsa, Soltan ya karɓi kyautar a madadin Khashoggi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=9th annual Oxi Courage and Service Awards showcase the best of humanity |url=https://oxidayfoundation.org/9th-annual-oxi-courage-and-service-awards-showcase-the-best-of-humanity/}}</ref> == Shari'ar tsohon Firaministan Masar == A watan Yuni 2020, Soltan ya shigar da kara a kan tsohon Firayim Minista na Masar, Hazem el-Beblawi, a karkashin Dokar Kariya ga wadanda aka azabtar . Shari'ar ta ce el-Bablawi, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista lokacin da aka tsare Soltan, ya kamata a tuhume shi da laifin harbe Soltan ba bisa ka'ida ba, dauri da azabtarwa. Makonni bayan Soltan ya shigar da karar nasa, kuma a watan Fabrairun 2021, hukumomin Masar sun kama wasu dangin Soltan. Lauyan Soltan ya yi ikirarin kamen ramuwar gayya ne kan ƙarar da Soltan ya shigar, da nufin yin shiru da kuma gamsar da shi ya janye karar da ya shigar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2021 |title=Family members of American activists arrested in Egypt |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/16/politics/mohamed-soltan-relatives-arrested-egypt/index.html |website=[[CNN]] |agency=CNN}}</ref> A cikin watan Afrilu 2021, Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta gwamnatin Biden ta ayyana el-Beblawi yana da kariya daga tuhuma ta hanyar kariya ta diflomasiya. A cikin shigar da ƙarar da ta shigar na shari'a, ma'aikatar shari'a ta ce ba ta ɗauki matsaya ba kan cancantar zargin Soltan. Shugaban kwamitin kasafin Kuɗi na Majalisar Dattawan Amurka Patrick Leahy ya bayyana sanarwar kariyar da gwamnatin Amurka ta yi a matsayin abin takaici, ya kara da cewa "gwamnatin Masar da ta yi watsi da rigar kariya amma a maimakon haka ta zaɓi rashin hukunta Mista Beblawi." Leahy ta kammala da cewa, "Wannan shi ne abin da mutum zai yi tsammani daga masu aikata laifuka, ba gwamnatin da ke karɓar biliyoyin daloli na taimakon Amurka ba." <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2021 |title=Biden administration upholds former Egyptian leader's immunity from torture lawsuit by U.S. citizen |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/legal-issues/egypt-torture-lawsuit-immunity/2021/04/05/31d74746-93d9-11eb-a74e-1f4cf89fd948_story.html}}</ref> == Shugaban leken asirin Masar ya buƙaci a ɗaure Soltan a Amurka == A wata ziyara da ya kai a watan Yunin 2021 a Washington, DC, babban jami'in leken asirin Masar, Abbas Kamel, ya tambayi jami'an Amurka da 'yan majalisar dokokin Amurka dalilin da ya sa gwamnatin Amurka ba ta mutunta yarjejeniyar da Amurka ta yi da Masar na son Soltan ya yi sauran gidan yarin da aka yi masa na tsawon rai a Masar. hukunci a Amurka. Kamel ya raba wa jami'an Amurka wata takarda da ake zargin an nuna wani jami'in diflomasiyyar Amurka a Masar ya amince a rubuce cewa Soltan, bayan ya tashi daga Masar, zai yi sauran hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai a gidan yarin Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 July 2021 |title=In D.C. visit, Egypt spy boss claims U.S. agreed – in writing – to jail American activist |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/07/12/egypt-spy-boss-jail-american-498983 |website=[[Politico]] |agency=Politico}}</ref> Wani tsohon jami'in diflomasiyyar Amurka da ya tabta zama a birnin Alkahira ya bayyana takardar da ake zargi da cewa "ba za a iya aiwatar da ita ba a bisa ka'ida ko da kuwa tana da inganci." <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 2021 |title=It's time for the U.S. to get tough on Sisi |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/07/20/biden-sisi-get-tough-egypt-military-aid/?tpcc=recirc_latest062921 |agency=Foreign Policy}}</ref> Soltan ya yi watsi da ikirari na Kamel a matsayin "ci gaba na dabi'a na ingantaccen rubuce-rubucen tsoratarwa da cin zarafi da gwamnatin Masar ta yi kan ni da masu kare hakkin bil'adama." Soltan ya kara da cewa, "Ina fata gwamnati ta za ta mayar da martani cikin gaggawa da kuma tsayuwar daka don kare hakkina da 'yanci na daga ta'addanci." <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 July 2021 |title=US officials 'agreed' to jail Egyptian-American rights activist for life – report |url=https://english.alaraby.co.uk/news/us-agreed-jail-egypt-rights-activist-life-report |agency=The New Arab}}</ref> Dangane da kokarin da Kamel ya yi na tabbatar da cewa an ɗaure Soltan a gidan yari a Amurka da sauran gwamnatin Masar na kokarin tsoratar da masu sukar hakkin ɗan Adam a ƙasashen waje, kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama 20 sun fitar da wata sanarwa ta haɗin gwiwa inda suka ce a ɓangare guda "Mun yi matukar kaɗuwa da shaidar cewa gwamnatin Masar Jami'an leken asiri na ci gaba da kokarin rufe bakin masu kare hakkin bil'adama hatta kan iyakokin ƙasar Masar muna kira ga gwamnatin Amurka da ta yi Allah wadai da waɗannan ayyuka." Waɗanda suka rattaba hannu kan sanarwar sun haɗa da Amnesty International Amurka, [[Sa-ido akan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|Human Rights Watch]], The Freedom Initiative, POMED da DAWN. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 July 2021 |title=Joint statement calls on Biden administration to send strong signal to Egypt on human rights |url=https://pomed.org/joint-statement-calls-on-biden-administration-to-send-strong-signal-to-egypt-on-human-rights/1 |agency=POMED }}{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A cikin wani dogon sharhin da ta yi, Sakatare Janar na Amnesty Agnes Callamard, ta mayar da martani cikin fushi game da yunkurin da Kamel ya yi na neman Amurka ta ɗaure Soltan, yana mai cewa "Tsaye da wannan cin zarafi ba wai tsayawa kan masu kare hakki ba ne kawai, tsayawa tsayin daka ne kawai. 'yancin yin magana da aiki cikin 'yanci." <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 August 2021 |title=Today the reach of repressive leaders knows no bounds, borders, or country lines |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/08/today-the-reach-of-repressive-leaders-knows-no-bounds-borders-or-country-lines/ |agency=Amnesty International}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qcupcoxumqp7k37b38xypsbty1kfid3 0 82265 842756 643061 2026-05-29T20:45:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mitchell Curry''' (an haife shi ranar 14 ga watan Yulin Shekara ta 1999) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba na kungiyar Darlington ta Kungiyar Kudancin Kudancin. == Ayyuka == An haife shi a Houghton le spring , <ref name="Beckham">{{Cite news |last=Copley |first=James |date=4 June 2023 |title=Ex-Sunderland free agent talks David Beckham friendship and Kristjaan Speakman's classy gesture – exclusive |url=https://www.sunderlandecho.com/sport/football/sunderland-afc/ex-sunderland-free-agent-talks-david-beckham-friendship-and-kristjaan-speakmans-classy-gesture-exclusive-4168261 |access-date=13 August 2023 |newspaper=Sunderland Echo}}</ref> ya shiga middlebrougha matakin kasa da shekaru 15, <ref name="Inverness">{{Cite web |date=26 June 2019 |title=Mitchell Curry goes north To Inverness |url=https://www.mfc.co.uk/news/mitchell-curry-goes-north-to-inverness |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626214156/https://www.mfc.co.uk/news/mitchell-curry-goes-north-to-inverness |archive-date=26 June 2019 |access-date=4 February 2020 |publisher=Middlesbrough F.C.}}</ref> ya sanya hannu kan ka'idojin sana'a a shekarar ta2016.<ref name="Harrogate Town">{{Cite web |last=Whitney |first=Steve |date=23 September 2017 |title=Curry on order for Harrogate |url=https://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/curry-on-order-for-harrogate-40067 |access-date=11 August 2023 |publisher=The National League}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga Satumba 2017, Curry ya shiga kungyar Harrogate kan aro na wata daya.<ref name="Harrogate Town2">{{Cite web |last=Whitney |first=Steve |date=23 September 2017 |title=Curry on order for Harrogate |url=https://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/curry-on-order-for-harrogate-40067 |access-date=11 August 2023 |publisher=The National League}}</ref> An tsawaita rancen zuwa wata na biyu, kuma ya buga wasanni bakwai a gasar da FA Cup kuma ya zira kwallaye sau ɗaya, wanda ya ci nasara a baya ga Curzon wanda ya dauki Harrogate a saman National League North.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whitney |first=Steve |date=20 October 2017 |title=Harrogate bring in Sunderland youngster on loan |url=https://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/harrogate-bring-in-sunderland-youngster-on-loan-41197 |access-date=5 May 2021 |publisher=The National League}}</ref><ref name="Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=M. Curry |url=https://uk.soccerway.com/players/mitchell-curry/423985/ |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group}}</ref><ref name="1718FAC4QRr">For FA Cup QR4 replay: {{cite news |date=3 October 2017 |title=Bradford Park Avenue 0–2 Harrogate Town |url=https://www.harrogate-news.co.uk/2017/10/03/bradford-park-avenue-0-2-harrogate-town/ |access-date=5 May 2021 |newspaper=Harrogate Advertiser}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=8 October 2017 |title=Town go clear at the top thanks to Curry's late winner |url=https://www.harrogateadvertiser.co.uk/sport/football/town-go-clear-top-thanks-currys-late-winner-723358 |accessdate=5 May 2021 |newspaper=Harrogate Advertiser}}</ref>. Ya koma aro zuwa kungiyar inverness caledonian thistle ta Scotland a ranar 26 ga Yuni 2019, tare da rancen yana da zaɓi na tunatarwa don Janairu 2020.<ref name="Inverness2">{{Cite web |date=26 June 2019 |title=Mitchell Curry goes north To Inverness |url=https://www.mfc.co.uk/news/mitchell-curry-goes-north-to-inverness |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626214156/https://www.mfc.co.uk/news/mitchell-curry-goes-north-to-inverness |archive-date=26 June 2019 |access-date=4 February 2020 |publisher=Middlesbrough F.C.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Shaw |first=Dominic |date=28 June 2019 |title=Curry Boro recall option means 'strict orders' from Inverness boss |url=https://www.gazettelive.co.uk/sport/football/transfer-news/mitchell-curry-middlesbrough-recall-option-16501636 |website=Gazette Live}}</ref> Curry ya koma Middlesbrough a ranar 7 ga watan Janairun 2020, bayan ya buga wasanni 15 inda ya zira kwallaye .<ref>{{cite news |date=7 January 2020 |title=Sam Stubbs: Middlesbrough recall centre-half from Hamilton Accies |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/51026758 |accessdate=7 January 2020 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Kwanaki uku bayan haka, Curry ya shiga gateshead a kan aro don sauran kakar.<ref name="Gateshead">{{Cite web |date=10 January 2020 |title=Mitch Curry loaned to Gateshead |url=https://www.mfc.co.uk/news/mitch-curry-loaned-to-gateshead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204142842/https://www.mfc.co.uk/news/mitch-curry-loaned-to-gateshead |archive-date=4 February 2020 |access-date=4 February 2020 |publisher=Middlesbrough F.C.}}</ref> Kwanaki uku bayan haka, Curry ya shiga [[Gateshead FC|Gateshead]] a kan aro don sauran kakar.<ref name="Gateshead2">{{Cite web |date=10 January 2020 |title=Mitch Curry loaned to Gateshead |url=https://www.mfc.co.uk/news/mitch-curry-loaned-to-gateshead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204142842/https://www.mfc.co.uk/news/mitch-curry-loaned-to-gateshead |archive-date=4 February 2020 |access-date=4 February 2020 |publisher=Middlesbrough F.C.}}</ref> A watan Satumbar 2020 ya sanya hannu a sunderland.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Donnelly |first=Mark |date=16 September 2020 |title=Sunderland clinch double deal as ex-Burnley and Middlesbrough men join under-23 ranks |url=https://www.sunderlandecho.com/sport/football/sunderland-afc/sunderland-clinch-double-deal-ex-burnley-and-middlesbrough-men-join-under-23-ranks-2973756 |access-date=13 August 2023 |newspaper=Sunderland Echo}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa Sunderland wasa a ranar 15 ga watan Disamba 2020 a wasan 1-1 tare da AFC Wimbledon.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2020 |title=Gave Us What We Want – Sunderland Boss With Warm Words For Young Talent |url=https://insidefutbol.com/2020/12/16/gave-us-what-we-want-sunderland-boss-with-warm-words-for-young-talent/485912/ |access-date=13 August 2023 |website=Inside Futbol |archive-date=22 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822125441/https://insidefutbol.com/2020/12/16/gave-us-what-we-want-sunderland-boss-with-warm-words-for-young-talent/485912/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Afrilu na 2021, Curry ya shiga kungiyar USL lEAGUE ONE ta fort lauderdale CF kafin kakar 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 April 2021 |title=Fort Lauderdale CF Announces 2021 Roster |url=https://www.intermiamicf.com/en/post/2021/04/09/fort-lauderdale-cf-announces-2021-roster |access-date=13 August 2023 |publisher=Inter Miami CF}}</ref> A watan Afrilu na 2021, Curry ya shiga kungiyar USL League One ta Fort Lauderdale CF kafin kakar 2021.A watan Yunin 2023 ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda tare da kungiyar [[Darlington FC|Darlington]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Copley |first=James |date=29 June 2023 |title=Ex-Sunderland, Middlesbrough and Inter Miami striker concludes non-league switch |url=https://www.sunderlandecho.com/sport/football/sunderland-afc/ex-sunderland-middlesbrough-and-inter-miami-striker-concludes-non-league-switch-4200879 |access-date=13 August 2023 |newspaper=Sunderland Echo}}</ref> == Kididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- |Middlesbrough U21 |2017–18 | colspan="3" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |1 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |Middlesbrough |2017–18 |Championship |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2018–19 |Championship |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2019–20 |Championship |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 |- |Harrogate Town (loan) |2017–18 |National League North |5 |1 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |7 |1 |- |Inverness Caledonian Thistle (loan) |2019–20 |Scottish Championship |9 |1 |0 |0 |4 |0 |2 |1 |15 |2 |- |Gateshead (loan) |2019–20 |National League North |7 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |7 |1 |- |Sunderland |2020–21 |League One |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- |Fort Lauderdale CF |2021 |USL League One |23 |8 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |23 |8 |- |Hartford Athletic |2022 |USL Championship |12 |1 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |14 |1 |- |Darlington |2022–23 |National League North |25 |5 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |26 |6 |- ! colspan="3" |Career totals !82 !17 !5 !0 !4 !0 !3 !1 !94 !18 |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1999]] [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] kwb8uz3vmh072r1nxcum1umu3zrgwtd 0 87441 842895 828821 2026-05-29T23:39:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842895 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Daniella Ibinabo Daniel''' ; (an haife ta a ranar 13 ga Maris 2004), wacce aka fi sani da '''Morravey''', mawaƙiya ce kuma mawaƙiya 'yar Najeriya. An fi saninta da fitowarta a waƙar [[Davido]] ta 2023 mai suna " In the Garden ," wadda ta shiga cikin jerin manyan 100 na <nowiki><i id="mwHg">TurnTable</i></nowiki> . Ta sanya hannu tare da Sony Music Africa don fitar da wasanta na farko mai tsawo ''Ravi'' a wannan shekarar, wanda ya kai matsayi na talatin da uku a jadawalin manyan 50 na <nowiki><i id="mwIw">TurnTable</i></nowiki> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Michelle Ejiro |date=November 30, 2023 |title=Morravey's Journey To Long-Lasting Fame Is Just Beginning |url=https://themoveee.com/ravi-avouches-morraveys-versatility/ |access-date=October 2, 2024}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Daniella Ibinabo Daniel a ranar 13 ga Maris, 2004, a [[Port Harcourt]], [[Jihar Rivers]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dom Alonge |date=November 8, 2023 |title=49th Exclusive: Meet DMW's Diamond, Morravey |url=https://the49thstreet.com/49th-exclusive-meet-dmws-diamond-morravey/ |access-date=October 2, 2024 |website=The49thstreet}}</ref> Ita ce babbar 'yar'uwa biyar kuma 'yar farko ga iyayenta. Tun tana ƙarama, Daniella ta fara yin wasa a wuraren taruka na gida, ƙungiyoyin mawaƙa na coci, da kuma ayyukan makaranta. == Sana'a == === 2020 {{En dash}} 2023: Fara aiki da ''RAVI'' === Morravey ta fara aikinta na kiɗa a shekarar 2020 ta hanyar sanya murfin waƙoƙi a [[Dandalin Sada Zumunta|shafukan sada zumunta]] . A shekarar 2023, yayin da take yin aikin murfin, wata abokiyar ta yi rikodin ta a asirce kuma ta saka bidiyon makonni bayan haka ba tare da saninta ba. Ba tare da sanin Morravey ba, bidiyon ya yaɗu sosai . Mawakiyar Najeriya [[Davido]] ta gano baiwarta ta hanyar bidiyon kuma daga baya ta ba ta kwangilar rikodi da [[Davido Music Worldwide|DMW]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adeayo Adebiyi |date=March 29, 2023 |title=Davido signs Morravey to DMW |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/davido-signs-two-new-artists-to-dmw/ctxg90m |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330004905/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/davido-signs-two-new-artists-to-dmw/ctxg90m |archive-date=30 March 2023 |access-date=1 October 2024 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> A ranar 31 ga Maris, 2023, Davido ta fitar da kundin waƙoƙinsa na huɗu na studio, ''Timeless'', <ref>{{Cite web |last=Aisha Salaudeen |last2=Larry Madowo |date=March 31, 2023 |title=Afrobeats superstar Davido drops new album 'Timeless' |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/31/africa/davido-timeless-album-release-spc-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407110524/https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/31/africa/davido-timeless-album-release-spc-intl/index.html |archive-date=April 7, 2023 |access-date=1 October 2024 |publisher=CNN}}</ref> tare da Morravey a kan waƙar "In the Garden". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Daniel |first=Wisdom |date=June 12, 2023 |title=Davido drops another masterpiece titled 'In The Garden' Featuring Morravey |url=https://xclusiveloaded.ng/music/davido-in-the-garden-ft-morravey-5/ |access-date=October 1, 2024 |website=Xclusive Loaded |archive-date=September 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912151403/https://xclusiveloaded.ng/music/davido-in-the-garden-ft-morravey-5/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wannan haɗin gwiwar ya yi aiki a matsayin waƙar farko ta Morravey kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga haɓakarta zuwa shahara, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chukwuebuka |first=Mgbemena |date=June 12, 2023 |title=5 Times Davido Blew An Artist With A Feature |url=https://digimillennials.com/music/5-times-davido-blew-an-artist-with-a-feature/ |access-date=October 1, 2024 |website=Digimillennials}}</ref> ta fara fitowa a lamba 83 a jadawalin TurnTable Top 100. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Uzoma |first=Ihejirika |date=April 11, 2023 |title=TurnTable Top 100: Davido's 'Timeless' Rules The Charts This Week |url=https://thenativemag.com/turntable-top-100-davido/ |access-date=October 27, 2024 |website=The Native}}</ref> Bayan nasarar haɗin gwiwarta da Davido, Morravey ta yi zaman kai tsaye na "Feel" da "In the Garden" tare da Glitch Africa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=BN |first=B |date=May 24, 2023 |title=Morravey Delivers Thrilling Performance on Glitch sessions |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2023/05/morravey-on-glitch-sessions/ |access-date=October 2, 2024 |website=[[BellaNaija]]}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Nuwamba, 2023, ta fitar da wasanta na farko mai tsawo (EP), RAVI, tare da Davido. [1] [2] Adeayo Adebiyi ta Pulse Nigeria ta yaba wa EP a matsayin "jawabi mai ƙarfi na niyya inda waƙar ke magana da kanta," tana mai da shi 7/10 kuma tana nuna shirye-shiryenta na shiga cikin manyan wasannin. [3] EP ta yi jadawalin waƙoƙin Apple Music a ƙasashe daban-daban, inda ta kai matsayi na 4 a Najeriya, lamba 6 a Kamaru, lamba 97 a Burtaniya, da lamba 33 a kan manyan waƙoƙin TurnTable 50. [4] [5] A ranar 7 ga Nuwamba, an naɗa ta a matsayin sabuwar dokar Apple Music. [6] Daga baya ta fitar da bidiyon waƙar da aka yi amfani da ita don "Magician", wata waƙa mai ban sha'awa daga waƙar farko ta EP, RAVI . [7] === 2024 {{En dash}} yanzu === A watan Mayu na 2024, ta fitar da bidiyon waƙar "Condo". <ref>{{Cite web |last=BN |date=May 15, 2024 |title=Morravey Heats Up the Screen with "Condo" Music Video |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2024/05/morravey-condo-music-video/ |access-date=October 2, 2024}}</ref> Daga nan sai aka sake remix ɗin "What is Love", wanda ya ƙunshi DJY Wagner Musiq, wanda aka fitar a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |last=A.M |date=September 5, 2024 |title=What Is Love (Remix) – Song by Djy Wagner Musiq & Morravey |url=https://music.apple.com/in/song/what-is-love-remix/1767273574 |access-date=October 2, 2024 |website=NotJustOk }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Satumba, Morravey ta fitar da waƙarta "Ifineme" ta hanyar Entertainment West Africa Limited. <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 30, 2024 |title=Morravey delivers a passionate Ode to love in new Single "Ifineme" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2024/10/morravey-drops-ifineme-lyric-video/ |access-date=October 2, 2024 |website=BellaNaija}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin Jasper |date=September 27, 2024 |title=Morravey releases double "Ifineme" and "Upstandin" |url=https://naijavibes.com/musics/morravey-releases-double-ifineme-and-upstandin/198219/ |access-date=October 2, 2024 |website=Naija Vibes}}</ref> Bayan kammala kwata mai nasara, an naɗa ta ɗaya daga cikin manyan mawakan ''Billboard'' {{'}} [[Afrobeats|Afrobeats Fresh Picks]] a ranar 30 ga Satumba, tare da fitattun mawakan Oxlade, [[Fireboy DML]], da Mofe. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2004]] bcakhgx12j80dsxin49wfrnelqeh53v 0 88792 843358 833747 2026-05-30T11:50:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843358 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Noni Salma''' 'yar Najeriya ce mai shirya fina-finai kuma marubuciyar shirye-shirye telebijin, wacce irin abubuwan da ta fuskanta a Legas, Najeriya sunyi tasiri a kanta a cikin salon labaran ta. Ayyukanta sun fi yawan mata da Queer jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo da wasan ban dariya. Ta sanya su cikin rubuce-rubucenta ta hanyoyi masu ban sha'awa, masu ban sha'awa da harbawa. Yanayin rayuwarta na wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo, Raison D'etre shine ScreenCraft Screenwriting Fellowship na shekarar 2021 Finalist da matukin wasanta mai ban dariya, Badass shine Gasar wasan kwaikwayo ta ScreenCraft 2021 semifinalist kuma akan jerin GLAAD 2022. Ita ma ta fafata har matakin karshe a gasar ''Stowe Story Labs Fellowships''. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-09-22 |title=Nigerian transgender regrets not changing his sex when he was younger |url=https://www.pulse.ng/gist/salma-noni-nigerian-transgender-regrets-not-changing-his-sex-when-he-was-younger/fn71vmj |access-date=2021-09-18 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> Noni Salma tana zaune a halin yanzu a New York. <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Daniel |first=Jo |date=2016-08-05 |title=Noni Salma: 'I Was Scared Of Living In Nigeria As A Woman In A Mans Body' |url=https://www.informationng.com/2016/08/noni-salma-i-was-scared-of-living-in-nigeria-as-a-woman-in-a-mans-body.html |access-date=2021-09-18 |website=Information Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Choms |first=Harry |date=2021-06-23 |title=Meet Babatunde, The Nigerian Man Who Had Surgery To Transform Himself Into A Woman |url=https://sleekgist.com/meet-babatunde-the-nigerian-man-who-had-surgery-to-transform-himself-into-a-woman/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930135828/https://sleekgist.com/meet-babatunde-the-nigerian-man-who-had-surgery-to-transform-himself-into-a-woman/ |archive-date=2021-09-30 |access-date=2021-09-30 |website=Sleek Gist |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kuruciya == Noni Salma ta samu digirinta na farko a fannin Fasaha a [[Jami'ar Lagos|Jami'ar Legas]], inda ta karanci Fasahar Wasan Kwaikwayo. Ta ci gaba da karatun fim a New York Film Academy da ke New York, inda ta kware a fannin bayar da umarni kuma ta sami digiri. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-17 |title=Out, Proud and African: Noni Salma |url=https://therustintimes.com/2019/06/17/out-proud-and-african-noni-salma/ |access-date=2021-09-18 |website=The Rustin Times |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Daniel |first=Jo |date=2016-08-05 |title=Noni Salma: 'I Was Scared Of Living In Nigeria As A Woman In A Mans Body' |url=https://www.informationng.com/2016/08/noni-salma-i-was-scared-of-living-in-nigeria-as-a-woman-in-a-mans-body.html |access-date=2021-09-18 |website=Information Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Sana'a == Babban ɗan wasanta ''Alibi'' ya lashe Mafi kyawun Sirrin Laifuka a Bikin Fim na Manhattan a shekarar 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-04-27 |title=Habeeb Lawal's 'Alibi' wins big at Manhattan Film Festival |url=https://www.tvcentertainment.tv/2016/04/27/habeeb-lawals-alibi-wins-big-manhattan-film-festival/ |access-date=2021-09-18 |website=Pure Entertainment |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918072945/https://www.tvcentertainment.tv/2016/04/27/habeeb-lawals-alibi-wins-big-manhattan-film-festival/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-02 |title=#NigeriasNewTribe: Davido, Ahmed Musa, Adesua Etomi, Chinwe Egwin, Samson Itodo, others make The Future Awards Africa 2018 nominees list » YNaija |url=https://ynaija.com/nigeriasnewtribe-davido-ahmed-musa-adesua-etomi-chinwe-egwin-samson-itodo-others-make-the-future-awards-africa-2018-nominees-list/ |access-date=2021-09-18 |website=YNaija |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-30 |title=Two Poems {{!}} Noni Salma |url=https://iselemagazine.com/2020/07/30/two-poems-noni-salma/ |access-date=2021-09-30 |website=Isele Magazine |language=en}}</ref> Salma ta samu lambar yabo ta ‘Treasure Coast International Film Festival’ na ‘Gasar Fina-Finan Dalibai’ na Matsayin Farko na NYFA . 'Safiya bayan Tsakar dare'. Ta shirya tare da ba da umarni ga ɗan gajeren fim ɗin 'Veil Of Silence' wanda aka fi sani da 'Curtain of Silence', wanda aka fara a cikin watan Maris shekarar 2014 a BFI Flare London LGBT Film Festival a London, [[Birtaniya|United Kingdom]] ; An kuma nuna hoton Veil Of Silence a [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]], Egale Canada, da Ofishin Harkokin Wajen Jamus, da sauran wurare. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Scooper - News: Meet Babatunde, The Nigerian Man Who Had Surgery To Transform Into A Woman [Pictures] |url=https://m.scooper.news/2021/06/30/meet-babatunde-the-nigerian-man-who-had-surgery-to-transform-into-a-woman-pictures/16372021 |access-date=2021-09-18 |website=m.scooper.news |language=en |archive-date=2021-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918075721/https://m.scooper.news/2021/06/30/meet-babatunde-the-nigerian-man-who-had-surgery-to-transform-into-a-woman-pictures/16372021 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan haka, Veil Of Silence ya nuna a yawancin bukukuwan fina-finai, ciki har da bikin fina-finai na Queer Screen, CineHomo Film Festival, Valladoid, Spain a cikin watan Afrilu shekarar 2015, inda ya lashe matsayi na biyu don Mafi kyawun Gajerun Labarai, kamar yadda masu sauraro suka yaba. Noni Salma ta yi jerin sunayen sunayen ' The Future Awards Africa Prize for Screen Producer' a cikin shekarar 2018 tsakanin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-03 |title=Burna Boy, Adesua Etomi, Maraji others make 2018 Future Awards list {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/298755-burna-boy-adesua-etomi-maraji-others-make-2018-future-awards-list.html |access-date=2021-09-18 |language=en-GB}}</ref> == aiki == Veil of Silence<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kowalska |first=Monika |date=2025-06-20 |title=The Heroines of My Life: Interview with Noni Salma |url=https://theheroines.blogspot.com/2025/06/interview-with-noni-salma.html |access-date=2025-11-20 |website=The Heroines of My Life}}</ref> - 2014 Hell or High Water (Jahannama ko Babban Ruwa)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kowalska |first=Monika |date=2025-06-20 |title=The Heroines of My Life: Interview with Noni Salma |url=https://theheroines.blogspot.com/2025/06/interview-with-noni-salma.html |access-date=2025-11-20 |website=The Heroines of My Life}}</ref> - 2016 We Don't Live Here Anymore (Ba Mu Zama Nan Ba)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kowalska |first=Monika |date=2025-06-20 |title=The Heroines of My Life: Interview with Noni Salma |url=https://theheroines.blogspot.com/2025/06/interview-with-noni-salma.html |access-date=2025-11-20 |website=The Heroines of My Life}}</ref> - 2018 == Duba kuma == * Bobrisky – Nigerian transgender woman (born 1991) * Fola Francis – Nigerian transgender model (1994–2023) * Jay Boogie – Nigerian transgender woman (born 1998) * Miss Sahhara – Nigerian beauty queen and LGBTQ advocate * James Brown (internet personality) – Nigerian cross dresser (born 1999) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] qw67r6tb23z0xbon2zbvp0toc5za9re 0 89305 842492 840889 2026-05-29T15:11:57Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354486410|Nile Basin]]" 842492 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Nile_basin_map.png|right|thumb|450x450px|Kogin Nilu]] '''Kogin Nilu''' wani bangare ne na [[Afirka]] wanda [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] da maɓulɓulansa suka kwashe. Baya ga kasancewa na biyu mafi girma a cikin ruwa a Afirka, Kogin Nilu shine mafi kyawun sanannen ruwa a nahiyar. Ya mamaye kusan 3.4 km², <ref>{{Cite web |title=نهر النيل |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/encyclopedia/2015/11/28/%d9%86%d9%87%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%84 |access-date=2026-05-16 |website=الجزيرة نت |language=ar}}</ref> ko kusan 10% na yankin Afirka, yana ƙetare yankuna masu bushewa kuma yana da yawan jama'a. The Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) ya kasance tun 1999, tare da manufar ƙarfafa hadin kai wajen raba albarkatun da suka shafi.&nbsp; Yankin ruwa na kwandon ya rufe [[Burundi]], [[Cadi|Chadi]], [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], Masar, [[Eritrea]], [[Itofiya|Habasha]], [[Kenya]], [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]], Sudan ta Kudu, Sudan, [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]], da [[Uganda]]. Basin shine babban mai samar da ruwa mai kyau, wutar lantarki, da kifi ga mazauna yankin na waɗannan ƙasashe, yana tallafawa kimanin mazauna miliyan 270, ko 20% na yawan Afirka. Kogin ya tashi a cikin tsaunuka kuma yana gudana a yankuna masu bushewa sosai, musamman hamadar Sahara. Babban hanyar tafiyarta ta hanyar Kogin Nilu, kasancewar ita ce ɓangaren baki a cikin Bahar Rum (mafi daidai bayan Delta na Nilu) har sai ya kewaye birnin [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]], a kudancin Misira. Har ila yau, akwai darussan da za a iya amfani da su a madatsar ruwan Aswan. A tsakiyar Nilu, bayan madatsar ruwan, saboda kasancewar magudanan ruwa a arewacin [[Khartoum]] (Sudan), kogin yana iya tafiya a cikin sassan uku kawai. Na farko ya fito ne daga iyakar Masar da Sudan zuwa kudancin [[Tafkin Nasser]] . Na biyu shine sashi tsakanin na uku da na huɗu. Hanya ta uku kuma mafi mahimmanci ta kai daga Khartoum, a kudu, zuwa [[Juba]] (Sudan ta Kudu). Babban mai samar da ruwa ga kwandon shine [[Tafkin Victoria]], wanda ke cikin Babban Rift Valley . Kimanin mutane miliyan 238 suna zaune a cikin kwarin Nilu, miliyan 172 daga cikin waɗannan suna zaune a yankunan [[Countryside|karkara]]. A yankin kudu maso yammacin kwandon a Sudan ta Kudu kusa da ruwa tare da taimakon kwandon kwandon kwari na Kongo an yi shi da babban [[Mai tafiya|pediplain]] guda ɗaya.<ref name="ZeitSouthSudan">{{Cite journal |last=Fölster |first=Horst |year=1964 |title=Morphogenese der südsudanischen Pediplane |journal=[[Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie]] |language=German |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=393–423}}</ref> Tsawon da ke tashi sama da wannan pediplain suna dauke da ƙasa ta laterite, wani lokacin tare da pisolites ko ferricrete, kuma ragowar [[Fuskar Fuskar|tsohuwar farfajiyar]].<ref name="ZeitSouthSudan" /> Wasu daga cikin taron da suka dace da tsohuwar farfajiyar da aka ambata an kafa su ne ta hanyar [[Taimako mai juyawa|sauyawa]] kwari.<ref name="ZeitSouthSudan" /> == Manazarta == ninz30vpz0tyf23yr10t0kr85oebmi5 842494 842492 2026-05-29T15:12:20Z Pharouqenr 25549 842494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Nile_basin_map.png|right|thumb|450x450px|Kogin Nilu]] '''Kogin Nilu''' wani bangare ne na [[Afirka]] wanda [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] da maɓulɓulansa suka kwashe. Baya ga kasancewa na biyu mafi girma a cikin ruwa a Afirka, Kogin Nilu shine mafi kyawun sanannen ruwa a nahiyar. Ya mamaye kusan 3.4 km², <ref>{{Cite web |title=نهر النيل |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/encyclopedia/2015/11/28/%d9%86%d9%87%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%84 |access-date=2026-05-16 |website=الجزيرة نت |language=ar}}</ref> ko kusan 10% na yankin Afirka, yana ƙetare yankuna masu bushewa kuma yana da yawan jama'a. The Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) ya kasance tun 1999, tare da manufar ƙarfafa hadin kai wajen raba albarkatun da suka shafi.&nbsp; Yankin ruwa na kwandon ya rufe [[Burundi]], [[Cadi|Chadi]], [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], Masar, [[Eritrea]], [[Itofiya|Habasha]], [[Kenya]], [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]], Sudan ta Kudu, Sudan, [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]], da [[Uganda]]. Basin shine babban mai samar da ruwa mai kyau, wutar lantarki, da kifi ga mazauna yankin na waɗannan ƙasashe, yana tallafawa kimanin mazauna miliyan 270, ko 20% na yawan Afirka. Kogin ya tashi a cikin tsaunuka kuma yana gudana a yankuna masu bushewa sosai, musamman hamadar Sahara. Babban hanyar tafiyarta ta hanyar Kogin Nilu, kasancewar ita ce ɓangaren baki a cikin Bahar Rum (mafi daidai bayan Delta na Nilu) har sai ya kewaye birnin [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]], a kudancin Misira. Har ila yau, akwai darussan da za a iya amfani da su a madatsar ruwan Aswan. A tsakiyar Nilu, bayan madatsar ruwan, saboda kasancewar magudanan ruwa a arewacin [[Khartoum]] (Sudan), kogin yana iya tafiya a cikin sassan uku kawai. Na farko ya fito ne daga iyakar Masar da Sudan zuwa kudancin [[Tafkin Nasser]] . Na biyu shine sashi tsakanin na uku da na huɗu. Hanya ta uku kuma mafi mahimmanci ta kai daga Khartoum, a kudu, zuwa [[Juba]] (Sudan ta Kudu). Babban mai samar da ruwa ga kwandon shine [[Tafkin Victoria]], wanda ke cikin Babban Rift Valley . Kimanin mutane miliyan 238 suna zaune a cikin kwarin Nilu, miliyan 172 daga cikin waɗannan suna zaune a yankunan [[Countryside|karkara]]. A yankin kudu maso yammacin kwandon a Sudan ta Kudu kusa da ruwa tare da taimakon kwandon kwandon kwari na Kongo an yi shi da babban [[Mai tafiya|pediplain]] guda ɗaya.<ref name="ZeitSouthSudan">{{Cite journal |last=Fölster |first=Horst |year=1964 |title=Morphogenese der südsudanischen Pediplane |journal=[[Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie]] |language=German |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=393–423}}</ref> Tsawon da ke tashi sama da wannan pediplain suna dauke da ƙasa ta laterite, wani lokacin tare da pisolites ko ferricrete, kuma ragowar [[Fuskar Fuskar|tsohuwar farfajiyar]].<ref name="ZeitSouthSudan" /> Wasu daga cikin taron da suka dace da tsohuwar farfajiyar da aka ambata an kafa su ne ta hanyar [[Taimako mai juyawa|sauyawa]] kwari.<ref name="ZeitSouthSudan" /> == Manazarta == dqb1ypoghzjcdjf5x9yy8fc356qjq8y 842622 842494 2026-05-29T16:48:13Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355070952|Nile perch]]" 842622 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Nile_perch_total_production_thousand_tonnes_1950-2022.svg|thumb|Kamawa (blue) da kiwon kifi (kore) na samar da perch na Nilu (''Lates niloticus'') a cikin tan dubu daga 1950 zuwa 2022, kamar yadda FAO ta ruwaito <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fisheries and Aquaculture - Global Production |url=https://www.fao.org/fishery/en/collection/global_production?lang=en |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)}}</ref>]] '''Kogin Nilu''' ('''''Lates niloticus'''''), wanda aka fi sani da ƙuƙwalwar Afirka, Goliath perch, Nile lates, African lates, Goliath lates, '''Victoria lates''', Afirka barramundi, '''Goliath barramundi''' (Giant lates ko '''Victoria perch'''), nau'in kifi ne na ruwa mai laushi a cikin iyalin Latidae na tsari Carangiforms. Ya yadu a ko'ina cikin Yankin Afrotropical, kasancewar asalin [[Kogin Congo|Kongo]], Nilu, [[Kogin Senegal|Senegal]], [[Neja (kogi)|Nijar]] da [[Tabkin Chadi|Tafkin Chadi]], [[Tafkin Volta|Volta]], [[Tafkin Turkana]], da sauran koguna. Hakanan yana faruwa a cikin ruwan gishiri na [[Tafkin Mariout|Tafkin Maryut]] a [[Misra|Misira]]. Nilu perch kifi ne mai matukar muhimmanci ga tattalin arziki da tsaro a Gabashin Afirka. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chrétien |first=Emmanuelle |last2=Chapman |first2=Lauren J. |date=2016 |title=Tropical fish in a warming world: thermal tolerance of Nile perchLates niloticus(L.) in Lake Nabugabo, Uganda |journal=Conservation Physiology |volume=4 |issue=1 |doi=10.1093/conphys/cow062 |issn=2051-1434 |pmc=5156894 |pmid=27990290}}</ref> Asalin da aka bayyana a matsayin ''Labrus niloticus,'' daga cikin wrasses na ruwa, an kuma kira jinsin ''Centropomus niloticus''. Sunayen da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da ƙuƙwalwar Afirka, Victoria perch (sunan kasuwanci mai yaudara, saboda jinsin ba asalin [[Tafkin Victoria]] ba ne, kodayake an gabatar da su a can), da sunayen gida da yawa a cikin harsunan Afirka daban-daban, kamar sunan [[Yaren Luo|Luo]] mbuta ko mputa. A [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]], ana kiranta ''Sangara'', ''sankara'', ko ''chenku'' . A cikin ƙasashen Afirka masu magana da Faransanci, an san shi da ''Kyaftin''. Sunansa a cikin [[Harshen Hausa]] shine ''giwan ruwa'', ma'ana "guguwar ruwa". [[File:Capitaine_Nile_Perch.jpg|alt=A juvenile Nile perch (''Lates niloticus''), postcard drawing by Mrs. Hopson, 1966, Lake Chad Research Station, Malamfatori, Nigeria|right|thumb]] Adult Nile perch suna zaune a duk wuraren zama na tafkin tare da isasshen iskar oxygen, yayin da yara ke ƙuntata zuwa wuraren da ba su da zurfi ko kusa da bakin teku. Wani mai cin nama mai tsananin gaske wanda ke mamaye kewayenta, Nilu perch yana cin kifi (ciki har da nau'in kansa), crustaceans, molluscs, da kwari; yara kuma suna cin abinci a kan zooplankton.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lates niloticus (Victoria perch) |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Lates_niloticus/ |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]]}}</ref> Nile perch suna amfani da makaranta a matsayin hanyar kare kansu daga wasu masu cin nama.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Witte |first=Frans |date=2022 |title=Lates niloticus (Nile perch) |url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/77994 |journal=Cabi Compendium |volume=CABI Compendium |doi=10.1079/cabicompendium.77994 |access-date=2021-06-02 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nile perch (Lates niloticus) - Species Profile |url=https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?speciesID=412 |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=nas.er.usgs.gov}}</ref> == Dabbobi masu mamayewa == An gabatar da perch na Nilu zuwa wasu tabkuna da yawa a Afirka, gami da Tafkin Victoria da [[Tafkin Nasser]] na wucin gadi. Ƙungiyar Kwararrun Kwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta Duniya ta ɗauki ''L. niloticus'' ɗaya daga cikin 100 mafi munin nau'in mamayewa a duniya. Jihar Queensland a Ostiraliya tana karbar tarar kudi mai nauyi a kan duk wanda aka samu da ke da rai na Nilu, tunda yana gasa kai tsaye tare da asalin barramundi, wanda yayi kama da haka kuma yana girma zuwa {{Convert|1.5|m}} ft 11 in) tsawo, yayin da Nilu ya girma zuwa {{Convert|2.0|m}} in) tsawon.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Society |first=National Geographic |title=Invasive Species |url=http://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/resource-library-invasive-species/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130104828/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/resource-library-invasive-species/ |archive-date=January 30, 2022 |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=www.nationalgeographic.org |language=en}}</ref> Nau'in yana da muhimmancin kasuwanci sosai a matsayin kifi na abinci. Har ila yau, Nilu perch yana da mashahuri tare da masu kifi na wasanni, yayin da yake kai farmaki ga kayan kamun kifi na wucin gadi, kuma an tashe shi a cikin Kiwon kifi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Invasion Biology Introduced Species Summary Project - Columbia University |url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Lates_niloticus.htm |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=www.columbia.edu}}</ref> === Gabatarwar Tafkin Victoria === [[Fayil:Lates_niloticus_2.jpg|thumb|Kogin Nilu na iya girma zuwa {{Convert|2|m}} in) da {{Convert|200|kg|lb}} kg (440 . ]] Gabatar da wannan nau'in zuwa Tafkin Victoria yana daya daga cikin misalai da aka fi ambaton tasirin mummunan tasirin da jinsunan baƙi zasu iya samu akan tsarin halittu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Impact of an Invasive Species |url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/impact-invasive-species |access-date=2023-06-07 |website=education.nationalgeographic.org |language=en}}</ref> An gabatar da perch na Nilu a Tafkin Victoria a Gabashin Afirka a cikin shekarun 1950, <ref name="Pringle1">{{Cite journal |last=Pringle |first=Robert M. |year=2005 |title=The origins of the Nile Perch in Lake Victoria |journal=BioScience |volume=55 |issue=9 |pages=780–787 |doi=10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0780:TOOTNP]2.0.CO;2 |s2cid=13720490 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name="Pringle2">{{Cite journal |last=Pringle |first=Robert M. |date=2005 |title=The Nile Perch in Lake Victoria: local responses and adaptations |journal=Africa: Journal of the International African Institute |volume=75 |issue=4 |pages=510–538 |doi=10.3366/afr.2005.75.4.510 |issn=0001-9720 |jstor=3556959 |s2cid=7566999}}</ref> kuma tun daga lokacin an kama shi don kasuwanci. A shekara ta 2003, tallace-tallace na Nile zuwa EU sun kai Yuro miliyan 169. Kifi na wasanni a yankin Uganda da Tanzania sun ba da ƙarin kuɗin shiga daga yawon bude ido. == Manazarta == lyhl5xb01t79lcf2bcgv3an95sjvm0h 842623 842622 2026-05-29T16:48:35Z Pharouqenr 25549 842623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Nile_perch_total_production_thousand_tonnes_1950-2022.svg|thumb|Kamawa (blue) da kiwon kifi (kore) na samar da perch na Nilu (''Lates niloticus'') a cikin tan dubu daga 1950 zuwa 2022, kamar yadda FAO ta ruwaito <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fisheries and Aquaculture - Global Production |url=https://www.fao.org/fishery/en/collection/global_production?lang=en |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)}}</ref>]] '''Kogin Nilu''' ('''''Lates niloticus'''''), wanda aka fi sani da ƙuƙwalwar Afirka, Goliath perch, Nile lates, African lates, Goliath lates, '''Victoria lates''', Afirka barramundi, '''Goliath barramundi''' (Giant lates ko '''Victoria perch'''), nau'in kifi ne na ruwa mai laushi a cikin iyalin Latidae na tsari Carangiforms. Ya yadu a ko'ina cikin Yankin Afrotropical, kasancewar asalin [[Kogin Congo|Kongo]], Nilu, [[Kogin Senegal|Senegal]], [[Neja (kogi)|Nijar]] da [[Tabkin Chadi|Tafkin Chadi]], [[Tafkin Volta|Volta]], [[Tafkin Turkana]], da sauran koguna. Hakanan yana faruwa a cikin ruwan gishiri na [[Tafkin Mariout|Tafkin Maryut]] a [[Misra|Misira]]. Nilu perch kifi ne mai matukar muhimmanci ga tattalin arziki da tsaro a Gabashin Afirka. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chrétien |first=Emmanuelle |last2=Chapman |first2=Lauren J. |date=2016 |title=Tropical fish in a warming world: thermal tolerance of Nile perchLates niloticus(L.) in Lake Nabugabo, Uganda |journal=Conservation Physiology |volume=4 |issue=1 |doi=10.1093/conphys/cow062 |issn=2051-1434 |pmc=5156894 |pmid=27990290}}</ref> Asalin da aka bayyana a matsayin ''Labrus niloticus,'' daga cikin wrasses na ruwa, an kuma kira jinsin ''Centropomus niloticus''. Sunayen da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da ƙuƙwalwar Afirka, Victoria perch (sunan kasuwanci mai yaudara, saboda jinsin ba asalin [[Tafkin Victoria]] ba ne, kodayake an gabatar da su a can), da sunayen gida da yawa a cikin harsunan Afirka daban-daban, kamar sunan [[Yaren Luo|Luo]] mbuta ko mputa. A [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]], ana kiranta ''Sangara'', ''sankara'', ko ''chenku'' . A cikin ƙasashen Afirka masu magana da Faransanci, an san shi da ''Kyaftin''. Sunansa a cikin [[Harshen Hausa]] shine ''giwan ruwa'', ma'ana "guguwar ruwa". [[File:Capitaine_Nile_Perch.jpg|alt=A juvenile Nile perch (''Lates niloticus''), postcard drawing by Mrs. Hopson, 1966, Lake Chad Research Station, Malamfatori, Nigeria|right|thumb]] Adult Nile perch suna zaune a duk wuraren zama na tafkin tare da isasshen iskar oxygen, yayin da yara ke ƙuntata zuwa wuraren da ba su da zurfi ko kusa da bakin teku. Wani mai cin nama mai tsananin gaske wanda ke mamaye kewayenta, Nilu perch yana cin kifi (ciki har da nau'in kansa), crustaceans, molluscs, da kwari; yara kuma suna cin abinci a kan zooplankton.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lates niloticus (Victoria perch) |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Lates_niloticus/ |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]]}}</ref> Nile perch suna amfani da makaranta a matsayin hanyar kare kansu daga wasu masu cin nama.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Witte |first=Frans |date=2022 |title=Lates niloticus (Nile perch) |url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/77994 |journal=Cabi Compendium |volume=CABI Compendium |doi=10.1079/cabicompendium.77994 |access-date=2021-06-02 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nile perch (Lates niloticus) - Species Profile |url=https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?speciesID=412 |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=nas.er.usgs.gov}}</ref> == Dabbobi masu mamayewa == An gabatar da perch na Nilu zuwa wasu tabkuna da yawa a Afirka, gami da Tafkin Victoria da [[Tafkin Nasser]] na wucin gadi. Ƙungiyar Kwararrun Kwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta Duniya ta ɗauki ''L. niloticus'' ɗaya daga cikin 100 mafi munin nau'in mamayewa a duniya. Jihar Queensland a Ostiraliya tana karbar tarar kudi mai nauyi a kan duk wanda aka samu da ke da rai na Nilu, tunda yana gasa kai tsaye tare da asalin barramundi, wanda yayi kama da haka kuma yana girma zuwa {{Convert|1.5|m}} ft 11 in) tsawo, yayin da Nilu ya girma zuwa {{Convert|2.0|m}} in) tsawon.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Society |first=National Geographic |title=Invasive Species |url=http://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/resource-library-invasive-species/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130104828/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/resource-library-invasive-species/ |archive-date=January 30, 2022 |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=www.nationalgeographic.org |language=en}}</ref> Nau'in yana da muhimmancin kasuwanci sosai a matsayin kifi na abinci. Har ila yau, Nilu perch yana da mashahuri tare da masu kifi na wasanni, yayin da yake kai farmaki ga kayan kamun kifi na wucin gadi, kuma an tashe shi a cikin Kiwon kifi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Invasion Biology Introduced Species Summary Project - Columbia University |url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Lates_niloticus.htm |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=www.columbia.edu}}</ref> === Gabatarwar Tafkin Victoria === [[Fayil:Lates_niloticus_2.jpg|thumb|Kogin Nilu na iya girma zuwa {{Convert|2|m}} in) da {{Convert|200|kg|lb}} kg (440 . ]] Gabatar da wannan nau'in zuwa Tafkin Victoria yana daya daga cikin misalai da aka fi ambaton tasirin mummunan tasirin da jinsunan baƙi zasu iya samu akan tsarin halittu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Impact of an Invasive Species |url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/impact-invasive-species |access-date=2023-06-07 |website=education.nationalgeographic.org |language=en}}</ref> An gabatar da perch na Nilu a Tafkin Victoria a Gabashin Afirka a cikin shekarun 1950, <ref name="Pringle1">{{Cite journal |last=Pringle |first=Robert M. |year=2005 |title=The origins of the Nile Perch in Lake Victoria |journal=BioScience |volume=55 |issue=9 |pages=780–787 |doi=10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0780:TOOTNP]2.0.CO;2 |s2cid=13720490 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name="Pringle2">{{Cite journal |last=Pringle |first=Robert M. |date=2005 |title=The Nile Perch in Lake Victoria: local responses and adaptations |journal=Africa: Journal of the International African Institute |volume=75 |issue=4 |pages=510–538 |doi=10.3366/afr.2005.75.4.510 |issn=0001-9720 |jstor=3556959 |s2cid=7566999}}</ref> kuma tun daga lokacin an kama shi don kasuwanci. A shekara ta 2003, tallace-tallace na Nile zuwa EU sun kai Yuro miliyan 169. Kifi na wasanni a yankin Uganda da Tanzania sun ba da ƙarin kuɗin shiga daga yawon bude ido. == Manazarta == diou3fvnu70mxjs8x2jbusm59k7b03q 843182 842623 2026-05-30T07:00:58Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355358811|Nile Delta]]" 843182 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Nile_River_Delta_at_Night.JPG|thumb|Kogin Nilu da dare kamar yadda aka gani daga ISS a watan Oktoba 2010.]] '''Kogin Nilu''' ( Arabic , {{Transl|ar|Delta an-Nīl}} ko kuma kawai {{Lang|ar|الدلتا}}, {{Transl|ar|ad-Delta}} <span style="margin-left:1px&quot;">)</span> shine [[delta]] da aka samar a Ƙasar Masar inda Kogin [[Nil|Nilu]] ya bazu kuma ya malala zuwa [[Bahar Rum|Tekun Bahar Rum]]. Yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan deltas na duniya. Daga [[Alexandria]] a yamma zuwa Port Said a gabas; yana rufe {{Cvt|240|km|mi}} na bakin tekun Bahar Rum kuma yanki ne mai wadataccen [[noma]] . Daga arewa zuwa kudu yankin delta yana da kusan {{Cvt|160|km|mi}} a tsawonsa. Delta ta fara daga [[Kairo|Alkahira]]. == Yanayin ƙasa == [[Fayil:Niledelta_33.svg|The Nile Delta, Northern Egypt]] Daga arewa zuwa kudu, yankin delta yana da kusan {{Cvt|160|km|mi}} a tsawonsa. Daga yamma zuwa gabas, ya ƙunshi kusan {{Cvt|240|km|mi}} na bakin teku. Wani lokaci ana raba delta zuwa sassa, inda kogin Nilu ya rabu zuwa manyan rassa biyu, Damietta da [[Rosetta]], suna kwarara zuwa Bahar Rum a biranen tashar jiragen ruwa masu suna iri ɗaya. A da, delta tana da rassa da yawa, amma an rasa waɗannan saboda shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa, lalata laka da kuma sauyi. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan rassa da ba a samu ba shine Wadi Tumilat. [[Fayil:Nile_River_and_delta_from_orbit.jpg|thumb|Kogin Nilu da Delta]] [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]] yana gabashin delta kuma yana shiga [[Tafkin Manzala]] a arewa maso gabashin delta. A arewa maso yamma akwai wasu tabkuna uku na bakin teku ko lagoons: Lake Burullus, Lake Idku da Lake Mariout. Kogin Nilu an dauke shi da delta "arcuate" (shaped), saboda yana kama da triangle ko furen idan aka gani daga sama. [[Aristotle]] ya yi hasashen cewa an gina delta ne don dalilai na noma saboda bushewar yankin Masar. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Nile_Delta_Surrounding.jpg|thumb|Tsohon rassan Nilu, suna nuna Wadi Tumilat, da tabkuna a gabashin Delta]] Mutane sun zauna a yankin Nilu Delta dubban shekaru, kuma an noma shi sosai aƙalla shekaru dubu biyar da suka gabata. Delta ya kasance babban ɓangare na Ƙananan Misira, kuma wuraren binciken archaeological da yawa suna cikin da kewayen yankin. An gano kayan tarihi na tsoffin shafuka a bakin tekun delta. An samo [[Dutsen Rosetta]] a cikin delta a cikin 1799 a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa na Rosetta (wani nau'in anglicized na sunan [[Rosetta|Rashid]]). A watan Yulin 2019 an sami karamin haikalin Girka, ginshiƙan dutse na dā, jiragen ruwa masu ɗauke da dukiya, da tsabar tagulla daga mulkin Ptolemy II, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙarni na uku da na huɗu KZ, a garin da ya nutse na Heracleion, wanda aka fi sani da Atlantis na Masar. Masu binciken sun gudanar da su ne daga masu nutsewa na Masar da na Turai karkashin jagorancin masanin binciken karkashin ruwa Frank Goddio. Sun kuma gano wani haikalin tarihi da aka lalata (babban haikalin birnin) a karkashin ruwa daga arewacin gabar tekun Masar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2019 |title=Mysterious temple discovered in the ruins of sunken ancient city |url=https://www.9news.com.au/world/ancient-egypt-news-underwater-archaeologist-discovery-treasures--subaquatic-temple-city-of-heracleion/265ba5c2-d31d-4e80-9487-d4475f86b8a3 |access-date=2019-08-17 |website=www.9news.com.au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=History |first=Laura Geggel 2019-07-29T10:37:58Z |date=29 July 2019 |title=Divers Find Remains of Ancient Temple in Sunken Egyptian City |url=https://www.livescience.com/66045-underwater-ancient-egypt-city-temple.html |access-date=2019-08-17 |website=livescience.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Santos |first=Edwin |date=2019-07-28 |title=Archaeologists discover a sunken ancient settlement underwater |url=https://nosymedia.info/archaeologists-discover-a-sunken-ancient-settlement-underwater/1410/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817155916/https://nosymedia.info/archaeologists-discover-a-sunken-ancient-settlement-underwater/1410/ |archive-date=17 August 2019 |access-date=2019-08-17 |website=Nosy Media |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=EDT |first=Katherine Hignett On 7/23/19 at 11:06 AM |date=2019-07-23 |title=Ancient Egypt: Underwater archaeologists uncover destroyed temple in the sunken city of Heracleion |url=https://www.newsweek.com/ancient-egypt-underwater-cities-sunken-cities-temple-coins-jewelry-archaeology-1450695 |access-date=2019-08-17 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2019, masu binciken tarihi karkashin jagorancin Mostafa Waziri da ke aiki a yankin Kom Al-Khelgan na Delta na Nilu sun gano kaburbura daga Zamanin Tsakiya na Biyu da binnewa daga zamanin Naqada II. Wurin binnewar ya ƙunshi ragowar dabbobi, amulet da scarabs da aka sassaƙa daga faience, tukwane na zagaye da na oval tare da hannaye, wuƙaƙe na dutse, tukwane da aka fashe da ƙone. Dukkanin jana'izar sun haɗa da kwanyar da kwarangwal a cikin matsayi na lankwasawa kuma ba a kiyaye su sosai ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2019 |title=3,500-Year-Old Tombs Unearthed in Egypt's Nile Delta - Archaeology Magazine |url=https://archaeology.org/news/2019/01/24/190124-nile-delta-tombs/ |access-date=2020-09-11 |website=www.archaeology.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ancient tombs and prehistoric burials found in Nile Delta - Ancient Egypt - Heritage |url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/9/40/322326/Heritage/Ancient-Egypt/Ancient-tombs-and-prehistoric-burials-found-in-Nil.aspx |access-date=2020-09-11 |website=Ahram Online |language=en}}</ref> === Tsohon rassan Kogin Nilu === [[Fayil:AncientEgyptJamesRennell01.jpg|alt=Ancient Nile delta.|thumb|Kogin Nilu a lokacin Herodotus, a cewar James Rennell (1800) ]] Rubuce-rubuce daga zamanin d ̄ a (kamar Ptolemy) sun ba da rahoton cewa delta yana da rassa bakwai ko rassa, (daga gabas zuwa yamma): * Pelusiac * da Tanitic * Mendesian * Phatnitic ko Phatmetic (daga baya Damietta) * da Sebennytic * Bolbitine (daga baya [[Rosetta]]) * Canopic (wanda ake kira Herakleotic, Agathodaemon ) {{Refn|e.g. in Ptolemy, ''Geography''.}} ==== Jerin George na Cyprus ==== Tushen: * Iskandariya (Schedia canal) * Colynthin (Canopic) * Agnu (Rosetta) * Parollos ([[Tafkin Burullus|Burullus]]) * Chasmatos (Baltim) * Tamiathe (Damietta) * Tenese (Tinnis) Masana kimiyyar Masar na zamani sun ba da shawarar cewa a zamanin Fir'auna akwai manyan rassa biyar a wani lokaci: <ref>Margaret Bunson, ''Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt''. Infobase Publishing, 2009, {{ISBN|1438109970}}, p. 98.</ref> * Pelusiac * da Sebennytic * Canopic * Damietta * Rosetta Uku na farko sun bushe a cikin ƙarni saboda kula da ambaliyar ruwa, yaduwa da canza sauƙin, yayin da biyu na ƙarshe har yanzu suna nan a yau. Delta ta kasance tana ambaliyar ruwa a kowace shekara, amma wannan ya ƙare tare da gina madatsar ruwan Aswan. == Yawan jama'a == [[Fayil:Egypt_2010_population_density1.png|thumb|Yawan jama'a]] Kimanin mutane miliyan 70 suna zaune a yankin Delta. A waje da manyan birane, yawan jama'a a cikin delta matsakaicin 1,000 / km (2,600 / sq ko fiye. [[Kairo|Alkahira]] ita ce birni mafi girma a cikin delta. Sauran manyan biranen da ke cikin delta sun hada da Shubra El Kheima, Port Said, El Mahalla El Kubra, Mansura, Tanta, da [[Zagazig]]. == Dabbobi na daji == [[Fayil:Chlidonias_hybrida_3_(Marek_Szczepanek).jpg|thumb|Tarin gashi mai gashi]] A lokacin kaka, sassan Kogin Nilu suna ja tare da furanni na lotus. Ƙananan Nilu (Arewa) da Upper Nile (Kudanci) suna da tsire-tsire da ke girma da yawa. Tsire-tsire na Upper Nile shine lotus na Masar, kuma tsire-tsalle na Lower Nile shine Papyrus Sedge (''Cyperus papyrus''), kodayake ba kusan yawa ba ne kamar yadda yake a dā, kuma yana zama da wuya. Delta tana da Yanayin hamada mai zafi ([[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Köppen]]: ''BWh'') kamar sauran Masar, amma ɓangaren arewacinsa, kamar yadda yake tare da sauran iyakar arewacin Masar wanda shine yankin da ya fi ruwan sama a kasar, yana da yanayin zafi mai matsakaici, tare da yawanci ba ya wuce {{Cvt|31|°C}} ° C (88 ° F) a lokacin rani. 100-200 in) ne kawai na ruwan sama ya faɗi a yankin delta matsakaicin shekara, kuma mafi yawan wannan ya faɗi a cikin watanni na hunturu. Delta yana fuskantar yanayin zafi mafi zafi a watan Yuli da Agusta, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin {{Cvt|34|°C}} ° C ({{Cvt|9|°C}} ° F). Yanayin hunturu yawanci yana daga 9 ° C (48 ° F) da dare zuwa {{Cvt|19|°C}} ° C (66 ° F) a rana. Tare da yanayin sanyi da wasu ruwan sama, yankin Nilu Delta ya zama mai zafi sosai a lokacin watanni na hunturu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Blue Green Atlas - The Climate of Egypt |url=https://bluegreenatlas.com/climate/egypt_climate.html |access-date=2026-03-03 |website=bluegreenatlas.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] r0w760hod3xbtrq59110dl4xqspus1a 843184 843182 2026-05-30T07:01:19Z Pharouqenr 25549 843184 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Nile_River_Delta_at_Night.JPG|thumb|Kogin Nilu da dare kamar yadda aka gani daga ISS a watan Oktoba 2010.]] '''Kogin Nilu''' ( Arabic , {{Transl|ar|Delta an-Nīl}} ko kuma kawai {{Lang|ar|الدلتا}}, {{Transl|ar|ad-Delta}} <span style="margin-left:1px&quot;">)</span> shine [[delta]] da aka samar a Ƙasar Masar inda Kogin [[Nil|Nilu]] ya bazu kuma ya malala zuwa [[Bahar Rum|Tekun Bahar Rum]]. Yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan deltas na duniya. Daga [[Alexandria]] a yamma zuwa Port Said a gabas; yana rufe {{Cvt|240|km|mi}} na bakin tekun Bahar Rum kuma yanki ne mai wadataccen [[noma]] . Daga arewa zuwa kudu yankin delta yana da kusan {{Cvt|160|km|mi}} a tsawonsa. Delta ta fara daga [[Kairo|Alkahira]]. == Yanayin ƙasa == [[Fayil:Niledelta_33.svg|The Nile Delta, Northern Egypt]] Daga arewa zuwa kudu, yankin delta yana da kusan {{Cvt|160|km|mi}} a tsawonsa. Daga yamma zuwa gabas, ya ƙunshi kusan {{Cvt|240|km|mi}} na bakin teku. Wani lokaci ana raba delta zuwa sassa, inda kogin Nilu ya rabu zuwa manyan rassa biyu, Damietta da [[Rosetta]], suna kwarara zuwa Bahar Rum a biranen tashar jiragen ruwa masu suna iri ɗaya. A da, delta tana da rassa da yawa, amma an rasa waɗannan saboda shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa, lalata laka da kuma sauyi. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan rassa da ba a samu ba shine Wadi Tumilat. [[Fayil:Nile_River_and_delta_from_orbit.jpg|thumb|Kogin Nilu da Delta]] [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]] yana gabashin delta kuma yana shiga [[Tafkin Manzala]] a arewa maso gabashin delta. A arewa maso yamma akwai wasu tabkuna uku na bakin teku ko lagoons: Lake Burullus, Lake Idku da Lake Mariout. Kogin Nilu an dauke shi da delta "arcuate" (shaped), saboda yana kama da triangle ko furen idan aka gani daga sama. [[Aristotle]] ya yi hasashen cewa an gina delta ne don dalilai na noma saboda bushewar yankin Masar. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Nile_Delta_Surrounding.jpg|thumb|Tsohon rassan Nilu, suna nuna Wadi Tumilat, da tabkuna a gabashin Delta]] Mutane sun zauna a yankin Nilu Delta dubban shekaru, kuma an noma shi sosai aƙalla shekaru dubu biyar da suka gabata. Delta ya kasance babban ɓangare na Ƙananan Misira, kuma wuraren binciken archaeological da yawa suna cikin da kewayen yankin. An gano kayan tarihi na tsoffin shafuka a bakin tekun delta. An samo [[Dutsen Rosetta]] a cikin delta a cikin 1799 a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa na Rosetta (wani nau'in anglicized na sunan [[Rosetta|Rashid]]). A watan Yulin 2019 an sami karamin haikalin Girka, ginshiƙan dutse na dā, jiragen ruwa masu ɗauke da dukiya, da tsabar tagulla daga mulkin Ptolemy II, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙarni na uku da na huɗu KZ, a garin da ya nutse na Heracleion, wanda aka fi sani da Atlantis na Masar. Masu binciken sun gudanar da su ne daga masu nutsewa na Masar da na Turai karkashin jagorancin masanin binciken karkashin ruwa Frank Goddio. Sun kuma gano wani haikalin tarihi da aka lalata (babban haikalin birnin) a karkashin ruwa daga arewacin gabar tekun Masar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2019 |title=Mysterious temple discovered in the ruins of sunken ancient city |url=https://www.9news.com.au/world/ancient-egypt-news-underwater-archaeologist-discovery-treasures--subaquatic-temple-city-of-heracleion/265ba5c2-d31d-4e80-9487-d4475f86b8a3 |access-date=2019-08-17 |website=www.9news.com.au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=History |first=Laura Geggel 2019-07-29T10:37:58Z |date=29 July 2019 |title=Divers Find Remains of Ancient Temple in Sunken Egyptian City |url=https://www.livescience.com/66045-underwater-ancient-egypt-city-temple.html |access-date=2019-08-17 |website=livescience.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Santos |first=Edwin |date=2019-07-28 |title=Archaeologists discover a sunken ancient settlement underwater |url=https://nosymedia.info/archaeologists-discover-a-sunken-ancient-settlement-underwater/1410/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817155916/https://nosymedia.info/archaeologists-discover-a-sunken-ancient-settlement-underwater/1410/ |archive-date=17 August 2019 |access-date=2019-08-17 |website=Nosy Media |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=EDT |first=Katherine Hignett On 7/23/19 at 11:06 AM |date=2019-07-23 |title=Ancient Egypt: Underwater archaeologists uncover destroyed temple in the sunken city of Heracleion |url=https://www.newsweek.com/ancient-egypt-underwater-cities-sunken-cities-temple-coins-jewelry-archaeology-1450695 |access-date=2019-08-17 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2019, masu binciken tarihi karkashin jagorancin Mostafa Waziri da ke aiki a yankin Kom Al-Khelgan na Delta na Nilu sun gano kaburbura daga Zamanin Tsakiya na Biyu da binnewa daga zamanin Naqada II. Wurin binnewar ya ƙunshi ragowar dabbobi, amulet da scarabs da aka sassaƙa daga faience, tukwane na zagaye da na oval tare da hannaye, wuƙaƙe na dutse, tukwane da aka fashe da ƙone. Dukkanin jana'izar sun haɗa da kwanyar da kwarangwal a cikin matsayi na lankwasawa kuma ba a kiyaye su sosai ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2019 |title=3,500-Year-Old Tombs Unearthed in Egypt's Nile Delta - Archaeology Magazine |url=https://archaeology.org/news/2019/01/24/190124-nile-delta-tombs/ |access-date=2020-09-11 |website=www.archaeology.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ancient tombs and prehistoric burials found in Nile Delta - Ancient Egypt - Heritage |url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/9/40/322326/Heritage/Ancient-Egypt/Ancient-tombs-and-prehistoric-burials-found-in-Nil.aspx |access-date=2020-09-11 |website=Ahram Online |language=en}}</ref> === Tsohon rassan Kogin Nilu === [[Fayil:AncientEgyptJamesRennell01.jpg|alt=Ancient Nile delta.|thumb|Kogin Nilu a lokacin Herodotus, a cewar James Rennell (1800) ]] Rubuce-rubuce daga zamanin d ̄ a (kamar Ptolemy) sun ba da rahoton cewa delta yana da rassa bakwai ko rassa, (daga gabas zuwa yamma): * Pelusiac * da Tanitic * Mendesian * Phatnitic ko Phatmetic (daga baya Damietta) * da Sebennytic * Bolbitine (daga baya [[Rosetta]]) * Canopic (wanda ake kira Herakleotic, Agathodaemon ) {{Refn|e.g. in Ptolemy, ''Geography''.}} ==== Jerin George na Cyprus ==== Tushen: * Iskandariya (Schedia canal) * Colynthin (Canopic) * Agnu (Rosetta) * Parollos ([[Tafkin Burullus|Burullus]]) * Chasmatos (Baltim) * Tamiathe (Damietta) * Tenese (Tinnis) Masana kimiyyar Masar na zamani sun ba da shawarar cewa a zamanin Fir'auna akwai manyan rassa biyar a wani lokaci: <ref>Margaret Bunson, ''Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt''. Infobase Publishing, 2009, {{ISBN|1438109970}}, p. 98.</ref> * Pelusiac * da Sebennytic * Canopic * Damietta * Rosetta Uku na farko sun bushe a cikin ƙarni saboda kula da ambaliyar ruwa, yaduwa da canza sauƙin, yayin da biyu na ƙarshe har yanzu suna nan a yau. Delta ta kasance tana ambaliyar ruwa a kowace shekara, amma wannan ya ƙare tare da gina madatsar ruwan Aswan. == Yawan jama'a == [[Fayil:Egypt_2010_population_density1.png|thumb|Yawan jama'a]] Kimanin mutane miliyan 70 suna zaune a yankin Delta. A waje da manyan birane, yawan jama'a a cikin delta matsakaicin 1,000 / km (2,600 / sq ko fiye. [[Kairo|Alkahira]] ita ce birni mafi girma a cikin delta. Sauran manyan biranen da ke cikin delta sun hada da Shubra El Kheima, Port Said, El Mahalla El Kubra, Mansura, Tanta, da [[Zagazig]]. == Dabbobi na daji == [[Fayil:Chlidonias_hybrida_3_(Marek_Szczepanek).jpg|thumb|Tarin gashi mai gashi]] A lokacin kaka, sassan Kogin Nilu suna ja tare da furanni na lotus. Ƙananan Nilu (Arewa) da Upper Nile (Kudanci) suna da tsire-tsire da ke girma da yawa. Tsire-tsire na Upper Nile shine lotus na Masar, kuma tsire-tsalle na Lower Nile shine Papyrus Sedge (''Cyperus papyrus''), kodayake ba kusan yawa ba ne kamar yadda yake a dā, kuma yana zama da wuya. Delta tana da Yanayin hamada mai zafi ([[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Köppen]]: ''BWh'') kamar sauran Masar, amma ɓangaren arewacinsa, kamar yadda yake tare da sauran iyakar arewacin Masar wanda shine yankin da ya fi ruwan sama a kasar, yana da yanayin zafi mai matsakaici, tare da yawanci ba ya wuce {{Cvt|31|°C}} ° C (88 ° F) a lokacin rani. 100-200 in) ne kawai na ruwan sama ya faɗi a yankin delta matsakaicin shekara, kuma mafi yawan wannan ya faɗi a cikin watanni na hunturu. Delta yana fuskantar yanayin zafi mafi zafi a watan Yuli da Agusta, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin {{Cvt|34|°C}} ° C ({{Cvt|9|°C}} ° F). Yanayin hunturu yawanci yana daga 9 ° C (48 ° F) da dare zuwa {{Cvt|19|°C}} ° C (66 ° F) a rana. Tare da yanayin sanyi da wasu ruwan sama, yankin Nilu Delta ya zama mai zafi sosai a lokacin watanni na hunturu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Blue Green Atlas - The Climate of Egypt |url=https://bluegreenatlas.com/climate/egypt_climate.html |access-date=2026-03-03 |website=bluegreenatlas.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] n6q4u85vxj0rcrrez003u5w8duar7w3 0 93193 842491 619500 2026-05-29T14:54:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Feminists Fighting Pornography ('''FFP''',<ref name="SexuallyExplicitSpeech-p488n92">Searles, Janis, ''Sexually Explicit Speech and Feminism'', ''Revista Juridica Universidad de Puerto Rico'', vol. 63, p. 471, at p. 488 n. 92 (1994).</ref> mai suna /fip / <ref>''The Backlash Times'' (Feminists Fighting Pornography), Winter 1984, p. [10].</ref>) kungiya ce mai fafutukar [[siyasa]] game da batsa. Ya ba da shawarar doka Tarayya Amurka don ba da izinin karar da [[Mace|mata]] suka yi wa masana'antar batsa. FFP ta kasance a New York, NY, an kafa ta ne a 1983 <ref name="FeministCollsQuar">[http://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/handle/1793/21758/FC_9.1_Fall1987.pdf?sequence=1 Searing, Susan E., & Linda Shult, eds., ''Feminist Collections: A Quarterly of Women's Studies Resources'', vol. 9, no. 1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231008/http://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/handle/1793/21758/FC_9.1_Fall1987.pdf?sequence=1 |date=2016-03-03 }} (Madison, Wisc.: UW &#91;Univ. of Wisc.&#93; System, Fall, 1987 {{ISSN|0742-7441}}), p. 23, as accessed Nov. 7, 2010.</ref> ko 1984, <ref>{{harvp|Mueller|Kuerbis|Pagé|2004|p=54}}</ref> kuma an rushe ta a 1997.<ref>{{harvp|Mueller|Kuerbis|Pagé|2004|p=54}} (approx. ''accord'', p. 83 (Table 6.1 ("1996-97"))) (report's method of determining disbanding year unclear).</ref> == Matsayi na fitarwa == FFP ta yi tsayayya da batsa. An bayyana shi azaman lalata ta jima'i, mamayewa, wulakanci, nuna bambanci, mamaye, keta doka, hallakawa, cin zarafi, ko tashin hankali kuma ya bambanta da lalata, wanda ya dogara da mutuality na iko da jin dadi.<ref name="BacklashTimes-Spr85-p14-QsAskOften">''Questions We Are Asked Often'', in ''The Backlash Times'' (FFP), Spring 1985, p. [14].</ref> A cewar wanda ya kafa FFP Page Mellish, batsa yana ba da horo don jima'i, hari, da fyade, yana haifar da kaddamar da mata, yana shafar ikon mata na samun daidaito da albashi daidai kuma yana karfafa maza su haɗa jima'i da tashin hankali.<ref name="BacklashTimes-Spr85-p14-QsAskOften">''Questions We Are Asked Often'', in ''The Backlash Times'' (FFP), Spring 1985, p. [14].</ref> Mellish ya yi ikirarin cewa duk batutuwan mata sun samo asali ne daga batsa. A cikin wata wasika ta 1986 zuwa ga editan The Wall Street Journal, wani memba na FFP ya tabbatar da cewa membobin "ba sa adawa da soyayya kuma ba sa adawa. " Mellish ya dauki dukkan maza da mata wadanda ba su yi yaƙi da batsa ba a matsayin masu alhakin cin zarafin mata, kuma ya yi ikirarin cewa mata da ke jin daɗin batsa ko jima'i mai tsanani sun "tsayar da ma'anar namiji na iko".<ref name="USAT-Bill-Liable">Puente, Maria, ''Bill Holds Porn Producers Liable For Sex Crimes'', in ''[[USA Today]]'', Apr. 15, 1992, p. 09A.</ref> An yi muhawara game da matsayi game da batsa a waje da FFP, gami da [[Illolin kallon fina-finan Banza|Tasirin batsa akan aikata laifuka]] da ma'anar mata game da batse.<ref name="USAT-Bill-Liable">Puente, Maria, ''Bill Holds Porn Producers Liable For Sex Crimes'', in ''[[USA Today]]'', Apr. 15, 1992, p. 09A.</ref> == Jagora == Wanda ya kafa kuma ya shirya FFP shine Page Mellish, wanda ya kasance daga cikin ma'aikatan na Mata da Batsa, <ref name="Flames" /> da kuma mata da batsa da tashin hankali a cikin kafofin watsa labarai da kungiyar Mata ta Kasa, duka daga [[San Francisco]], [[California]].<ref name="Flames" /> == Shirin doka == Mata masu yaki da batsa sun goyi bayan Dokar Biyan Kudi ga Wadanda aka azabtar da batsa ta 1991. Kodayake lissafin yana da wasu goyon baya ciki har da daga "masu mata da yawa", [[Andrea Dworkin]], Catharine MacKinnon, da wasu 'yan mata ba su goyi bayan shi ba.<ref name="BundyRevenge" /> Da yake tallafawa lissafin, Mellish ta bayyana a cikin wani shirin Larry King, inda ta ba da labarin kisan mata [[Ted Bundy]], wanda ya yi ikirarin batsa a matsayin tasiri, tare da jawo hankali ga batun.<ref name="BundyRevenge" /> A karkashin lissafin, mutumin da aka kai hari bayan batsa ta motsa mai kai farmaki sosai na iya kai karar masu samar da batsa, masu bugawa, masu rarrabawa, masu baje kolin, da masu siyarwa ba tare da buƙatar tuhumar laifi ba don batsa kanta. Don zama mai amfani ga sashi, lissafin ya iyakance ga Hotunan batsa na yara da kayan lalata. <ref name="ABAJ-Feminists-Back-Bill" /> An soki lissafin.<ref name="BundyRevenge" /> FFP ta kuma goyi bayan lissafin da ya gabata, Dokar Kare Wadanda suka Rana a Batsa ta 1987, wanda FFP ta lissafa a matsayin masu goyon baya "manyan kungiyoyin mata da yara" kuma tana da "sa hannu na dubban" masu goyon bayan lissafin. A wasu batutuwan majalisa: * FFP ta kuma goyi bayan dokar kare hakkin bil'adama ta anti-pornography da [[Andrea Dworkin]] da Catharine MacKinnon suka goyi bayan. * Ba ta goyi bayan dokokin yaki da lalata ba, saboda, a ra'ayin FFP, ba su magance cutar batsa ba. * Shari'a kadai ba cikakkiyar mafita ba ce, a cewar Page Mellish; ya kuma zama dole a cire "''Bukatar'' batsa". === Shaidar majalisa === Page Mellish, yana ba da shaida ga Kwamitin Shari'a na Majalisar Dattijai na Amurka a cikin 1991 a matsayin "mai gwagwarmayar ƙwararru .... da aka yi amfani da ita ... 'Yan mata masu yaƙi da batsa", yana mai cewa masana'antar batsa tana da girma 'yawanci] samfurin batsa "am amfani da masana'antu ... ko dai ya rage ko ya sa mata", <ref name="SHg102471-p226n9" /> [4] 'yan jaridar da suka yi amfani da su ta kusa da ita ce 'yan jarida ta 'yan jaririn da su ... ... ... ... 'yan jaridu masu cin zarafin da suka yi watsi da su 'yan jaridaya ... ... ...[by][the][]{{Sic}} Ana buƙatar Majalisa ta sami tushe mai ma'ana don dokokin da, ba tare da shi ba, na iya keta haƙƙin mutum a ƙarƙashin Ma'anar Karewa ta 14 ta Kundin Tsarin Mulki na [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] amma ba a buƙatar tabbatar da ƙaddamarwar kimiyya har zuwa wannan matakin da za a iya buƙata a kimiyyar ilimi; maimakon haka, tunanin majalisa dole ne ba ya zama na son rai. Wannan shaidar ta bayyana matsayin a cikin 1991 na Mata masu Yaki da Batsa kuma Jaridar ABA ta American Bar Association ta lura da ita. == Dabarun == FFP ba ta ba da shawarar ƙone ɗakunan batsa ba, kamar yadda aka yi a Ingila, amma ta ba da shawara ga maza da ba za su je irin waɗannan wurare ba. Mellish ta fi son shirya tafiye-tafiye a maimakon haka, saboda ta yi imanin cewa tana da ikon zama masu shirya: "Ko da bama-bamai na gidajen batsa kawai suna samun hankalinsu; to dole ne mu canza ra'ayin maza game da mata, canza ra'ayinsu na iko. " FFP ta yi wasu ƙananan laifuka, kamar lalata tallace-tallace-takar mujallar batsa Penthouse, wanda aka tallata a tashoshin Metro na [[New York (birni)|New York City]]. FFP ta yi niyyar fitar da batsa daga shagunan da gidajen wasan kwaikwayo, ta yarda cewa tasirin zai zama fitar da shi cikin Tattalin arzikin karkashin kasa, amma ba don lalata shi gaba daya ba.<ref name="Flames" /> Canjin matsayi, samun mata suna kallon maza a matsayin abubuwa na jima'i kawai, kuma ba wani ɓangare ne na akidarsu ba.<ref name="Flames" /> == Yunkurin fafutuka == * '''Yaƙin neman zaɓe:''' ** Ya gayyaci mutane su kawo banners zuwa hedikwatar 'yan takarar Mayoral na New York a shekarar 1985. ** Ya taimaka wa yakin neman zabe na Green for Congress, ya ba da rahoton membobin FFP 100 suna yin hakan, a cikin 1989. Bill Green ya kasance wakilin Jamhuriyar Republican na Amurka a wani gundumar a Manhattan . An sake zabarsa a wannan shekarar. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisa, ya gabatar da Dokar Kare Wadanda suka Rana a matsayin lissafi. ** Mellish ta nuna a shekarar 1992 a kan dan takarar Majalisar Dattijai ta Amurka Geraldine Ferraro kan batun mijinta samar da dukiya ga mai daukar hoto na batsa. Ba a san ko zanga-zangar ta kasance ta kungiyar ba. * '''Nuni da tafiye-tafiye:''' ** Ya yi tafiya a kan titin 42d, Manhattan, a ranar 8 ga Afrilu, 1984. A lokacin, 42d St. an san shi da kasuwancin batsa da yawa. ** A ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 1984, mata 500 sun yi tafiya a Times Square a karkashin tallafin 'yan mata da ke yaki da batsa. ** A ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1985, an gudanar da zanga-zangar nuna adawa da lambar yabo ga mataimakin shugaban MTV don ba da gudummawa ga kayan ado. ** FFP ta nuna adawa da abin da suka yi imanin cewa shi ne jima'i na Lauyan gundumar a cikin shari'ar da aka ruwaito wata mace ta kashe saurayinta bayan ya rushe kofarta. * '''Roƙo da tebur:''' ** A farkon shekara ta 1984, FFP ta tattara sa hannu a kan wata takarda da ke nuna rashin amincewa da wani shagon da ke sayar da Snuff, fim din, a kan cassette. ** A shekara ta 1984, Mellish yana yin amfani da ita kowace rana don ilimantar da jama'a.<ref name="Flames" /> A shekara ta 1989, ta ce "'[p]mutane ba su san wannan [irin batsa] ba". FFP ta tabling wani lokacin da jama'a suka rikita shi kamar yadda mata ke adawa da batsa. Wani marubucin littafi daga baya ya tuna da shekarar 1984 wata mace daga Feminists Fighting Pornography tana aiki a Manhattan kuma tana neman sa hannu don takarda. "Bayan ta akwai babban fashewa na sanannen murfin ''Hustler'' wanda ya nuna ƙafafun mace suna fitowa daga mai niƙa nama". ** A cikin shekara da ba a sani ba, FFP ta gabatar a [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]]. ** An san kungiyar da nuna hotunan batsa a bayyane a matsayin wani ɓangare na bayanan batsa na batsa.<ref name="Flames" /> Akwai "ƙarar jama'a game da nuni na titin da ke da hotuna tsirara", ciki har da cewa "abin ƙyama ne". <ref name="Strossen-main" /> A wani misali a cikin 1989, an kama Page Mellish da memba na FFP Dee Vaughan kuma an ɗaure su, a cewar The National Law Journal . <ref name="NatnlLJ-5-15-89" /> Ta ce, a cewar wannan jaridar, "'An kama mu ko kuma an kwace hotunanmu na batsa kusan sau bakwai.'" Duk da waɗannan halayen, "ƙungiyar ta ... tana ci gaba da kafa shagon, tana fatan, in ji ta, don ilimantar da jama'a", a cewar jaridar a lokacin. <ref name="NatnlLJ-5-15-89" /> A wannan shekarar, a cewar ''Amurka A Yau'', Page Mellish da Dee Vaughan sun nemi alƙali na jihar ya watsar da tuhumar lalata don hotunan tsirara.<ref name="USAT-dismiss" /> Lauyan Ron Kuby, a lokacin na kamfanin lauya na Bill Kunstler, ya ba da wakilci na shari'a, a cewar The National Law Journal, da kuma New York Civil Liberties Union (NYCLU), a cewar Virginia Law Review, ya ba lemitar shari'a (ko a kan shari'o'i daban-daban ko tare ba a sani ba).<ref name="NatnlLJ-5-15-89" /><ref name="Strossen-main" /> Sakamakon shi ne cewa an nemi haƙƙin doka don nuna irin wannan kayan kuma an kafa shi. <ref name="NatnlLJ-5-15-89" /><ref name="Strossen-main" /> Shugaban kungiyar 'yanci ta Amurka Nadine Strossen ya soki FFP saboda neman haƙƙin nuna batsa yayin da yake adawa da wasu ke yin hakan. ** A shekara ta 1987, don tallafawa Dokar Kare Wadanda Kariya ta Batsa, sannan lissafin, Sanata Specter, yayin da yake gabatar da shi, ya ce FFP "ya tattara sa hannun dubban mutane masu damuwa da ke tallafawa wannan lissafin". * '''Sauran gwagwarmaya:''' ** Ya kira kungiyoyin 'yanci da' yanci na jama'a waɗanda, a cewar FFP, sun sami kuɗi daga Gidauniyar Playboy, kodayake ba a bayyana ko duk irin waɗannan kungiyoyin sun nemi ko sun yarda da kudaden ba. ** Ya ba da yawon shakatawa na 42d Street da kuma zane-zane na FFP. ** Ya yi kira ga kauracewa duk shagunan da ke sayar da batsa.<ref name="Flames" /> ** FFP ta soki kungiyar 'yanci ta Amurka game da batsa na yara. == Jaridar labarai da jarida == Jaridar ta ko [[Mujalla|mujallar]] ita ce The Backlash Times . An buga shi a 1983 ko 1984 kuma ya ci gaba har zuwa akalla 1989. Jaridar ta ɗauki rahotanni na labarai da suka shafi batsa gabaɗaya, kamar su hare-hare, martani, kudi, siyasa, da doka. Har ila yau, ya buga hotuna daga batsa, wanda aka soki kungiyar ("da ba'a amma watakila dole ne ta yada shi ["batsa"] gaba"). A mayar da martani, kungiyar ta nuna bukatar bayyana abin da take adawa da shi, kamar tashin hankali da kuma ƙasƙantar da mata, don haka rarrabe shi daga abin da ba ta adawa da ita ba, musamman erotica. A cikin 1992 kuma bayan "'tallakewa' mai kyau na baya-bayan nan", Ms. Mellish ta ce, "'[t]ya jarida ta tantance motsi namu saboda 'yan jarida suna da sha'awar Kwaskwarimar Farko'", tana nufin Kwaskwarima ta Farko ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka da' 'yancin magana da jarida. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|24em}} === Bayanan littattafai ===   [[Rukuni:Yancin mata a New york]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ii2915d6sfda9apurej95atrlwjo5f7 0 94898 843267 776247 2026-05-30T08:44:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843267 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nellie Wong''' (an Haife ta 12 Satumba 1934) mawakiyar amurka ce kuma mai fafutuka don dalilan [[Feminism|na mata]] da gurguzu Wong kuma memba ce mai aiki a Jam'iyyar Ƴancin Socialist Party da Mata masu tsattsauran ra'ayi . == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Wong a Oakland, [[California]] ga baƙi 'yan China. Mahaifinta ya yi hijira zuwa Oakland a shekarar 1912. Wong wata mawaƙi ce ta Ba'amurke, ɗan mata, kuma mai ra'ayin gurguzu wacce ta shirya da kuma shiga ƙungiyoyin fafutuka da ke aiki don samar da ingantacciyar yanayi ga mata, ma'aikata, da tsiraru. A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]], dangin Wong sun yi aiki a wani kantin sayar da kayan abinci a Berkeley . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-08-19 |title=Nellie Wong |url=https://www.library.ucsb.edu/special-collections/cema/wong_n |access-date=2024-01-17 |website=UCSB Library |language=en |archive-date=2024-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424121042/https://www.library.ucsb.edu/special-collections/cema/wong_n |url-status=dead }}</ref> Haɗin kai na maƙwabtanta na Amurkawa na [[Japan]] ya bar babban tasiri ga ci gabanta na tunani, yana wayar da kan ta game da batutuwan [[wariyar launin fata]] da damuwa na Amurkawa Asiya . Iyalin sun karɓi $2,000 don fara gidan abinci, Babban China, a Chinatown ta Oakland, inda Wong ta yi aiki a matsayin mai hidima a lokacin ƙuruciyarta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-08-19 |title=Nellie Wong |url=https://www.library.ucsb.edu/special-collections/cema/wong_n |access-date=2024-01-17 |website=UCSB Library |language=en |archive-date=2024-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424121042/https://www.library.ucsb.edu/special-collections/cema/wong_n |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta halarci makarantar gwamnati, ta kammala karatun sakandare daga Oakland High School, kuma ta fara cikakken aiki a matsayin sakatare na Kamfanin Bethlehem Steel Corporation, matsayin da ta rike har zuwa 1982. Daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin babban manazarci a cikin ingantaccen aiki a Jami'ar California, San Francisco (UCSF). Yayin da take tsakiyar 30s, Wong ta fara nazarin rubuce-rubucen kirkire-kirkire a Jami'ar Jihar San Francisco (SFSU) kuma ta fara rubutawa da buga [[Waƙa|waƙoƙinta]] . Wong ta yaba wa abokan karatunta na mata a SFSU tare da ƙarfafa rubutun ta. Wani farfesa namiji ya taɓa gaya mata cewa ta jefar da wata waƙar fushi da ta rubuta. Wani abokin karatunsa ya ce mata, "Ba sai ki saurare shi ba!" <ref name="Voices">{{Cite web |date=2005-05-14 |title=Nellie Wong |url=http://voices.cla.umn.edu/vg/Bios/entries/wong_nellie.html |access-date=2007-04-18 |website=Voices from the Gaps |publisher=University of Minnesota}}</ref> Yayin da yake ɗalibi a Jami'ar Jihar San Francisco, Wong ya shiga cikin harabar Ƙungiyar Mawallafin Mata, wanda ya shirya game da batutuwa na launin fata, jima'i, da kuma aji. A cikin ƙarshen 1970s, tare da marubutan matan Amurka na Sinawa Nancy Hom, Genny Lim, Canyon Sam, Kitty Tsui da Merle Woo, Wong sun kafa tare da tsara ƙungiyar adabin mata da wasan kwaikwayon Unbound Feet. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kelsey St. Press- Poetry by Women |url=http://www.kelseyst.com/bios/nellie_wong.htm |access-date=2021-11-30 |website=www.kelseyst.com |archive-date=2021-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130123652/http://www.kelseyst.com/bios/nellie_wong.htm |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1980-06-26 |title='Feet' to Unbind |url=https://database.asianweek.com/paperPage?date=1980-06-26&page=12&esId=bSIBgHkBNjijwQDWbEK8 |access-date=2024-12-18 |website=Asian Week |language=en |archive-date=2025-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123132838/https://database.asianweek.com/paperPage?date=1980-06-26&page=12&esId=bSIBgHkBNjijwQDWbEK8 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta yi wasan kwaikwayo a kwalejoji, jami'o'i, da cibiyoyin al'umma. A wannan lokacin ta ci karo da mambobin kungiyoyi biyu masu ra'ayin gurguzu na mata masu ra'ayin gurguzu, Matan Radical da Jam'iyyar 'Yanci ta 'Yanci, kuma a cikin 'yan shekaru sun shiga cikin sahu. A shekarar 1983, Wong ta yi balaguron farko na mata marubutan Amurka zuwa kasar Sin, wanda kungiyar abokantakar jama'ar Amurka da Sin ta dauki nauyinsu tare da Tillie Olsen, [[Alice walker|Alice Walker]], Paule Marshall . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1983-09-02 |title=From China with words: A writers’ tour |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=OT19830902.1.29&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-------- |access-date=2024-12-18 |website=Oakland Tribune |language=en}}</ref> Hakanan a cikin 1983 ta kasance babbar mai shirya kwamitin tsaro na Merle Woo. Woo, wata 'yar madigo Ba'amurke dan asalin Koriya-China, ta shigar da kara a kan tsohuwar ma'aikaciyarsu tana zargin an kore su ba bisa ka'ida ba bisa nuna wariya. Yin aiki tare da wasu Jam'iyyar 'Yancin Socialist Party da 'Yan Mata masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, Wong ya tara kudade da wayar da kan al'amarin. An ci nasara a shari'a biyu a kan wanda ake tuhuma. Daga 1983 zuwa 1985 Wong ya koyar da rubuce-rubucen wakoki a Kwalejin Mills a Oakland da kuma rubuce-rubucen wasan kwaikwayo a Kamfanin Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Asiya na Amurka a San Francisco. A cikin shekarun 1980s da 1990, Wong ta kasance babbar mai magana a yawancin tarukan ƙasa da na yanki, ciki har da mata da ra'ayoyin mata na duniya na uku, mata masu adawa da wariyar launin fata, da Ƙungiyar Nazarin Mata ta ƙasa. Ta karanta wakokinta a China, [[Cuba]], Ostiraliya, da kuma ko'ina cikin Amurka, ta kuma halarci baje kolin da suka shafi aiki, adabin Amurkawa, da kuma wakoki. Bugu da ƙari, Wong ya koyar da karatun mata a Jami'ar [[Minnesota]] da rubuce-rubucen waƙa a Kwalejin Mills a Oakland, California. A cikin 2019, Wong, Genny Lim da Flo Oy Wong sun fara yin wasa tare a matsayin The Last Hoisan Poets, suna gudanar da karatun wakoki na musamman a cikin Ingilishi da Hoisan-wa (wanda kuma aka sani da Taishanese, yaren Sinanci na Yue wanda ya fito daga Taishan, Guangdong) don girmama yaren mahaifiyarsu wanda ke cikin haɗarin dusashewa daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya gabaɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=thelasthoisanpoets.ddns.net |url=https://thelasthoisanpoets.ddns.net/about-2/ |language=en}}</ref> An shigar da sassan biyu daga cikin waƙoƙinta na dindindin a matsayin alluna a wuraren jama'a a Titin jirgin ƙasa na Municipal San Francisco . Ta sami kyaututtuka daga Gidauniyar Mata (San Francisco), Jami'ar California, Santa Barbara 's Asian American Faculty and Staff Association, da [[San Francisco]] -based Kearny Street Workshop, a multidisciplinary art gama . Ta yi shekaru da yawa a matsayin mai tsara yankin Bay na Jam'iyyar 'Yanci ta 'Yanci, kuma har yanzu tana aiki tare da jam'iyyar, Matan Radical, da Bay Area United Against War. A halin yanzu tana zaune a San Francisco. == Aiki == Don bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwarta na 90th, mawaki kuma mai fafutuka Nellie Wong tarin wakoki na biyar, ''Babu Komai Kamar 'Yanci'', wanda HoongHoongLookLook Press ya buga, ya haɗu da shekarun da suka gabata na aikinta na ban mamaki, tare da aikin da ya wuce 1970s zuwa yanzu (2024). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Yu |first=Timothy |date=2024-09-13 |title=Survival as a Work of Art: Nellie Wong at Ninety |url=https://nelliewong.ddns.net/works/nellie-wong-at-ninety/survival-as-a-work-of-art-nellie-wong-at-ninety/ |access-date=2024-12-18 |website=nelliewong.ddns.net |publisher= |quote=}}</ref> Kundin wakoki na farko na Wong, ''Dreams in Harrison Railroad Park'' (1977), Kelsey Street Press ne ya buga. Wannan littafi ya bi ta cikin bugu huɗu kuma shine mafi nasara fitowa a tarihin Kelsey Street Press. Sauran lakabinta sune ''Mutuwar Long Steam Lady'' (1986), wanda West End Press da ''Sata Lokacin'' (1997) suka buga. Ayyukanta sun bayyana a kusan 200 anthologies da wallafe-wallafe. Wong ta rubuta kai tsaye daga rayuwar aikinta; ta ce "Yawancin wakoki na sun fito ne daga wurin aiki; a nan ne na fuskanci yawan jima'i da wariyar launin fata." Sauran jigogi sun haɗa da tarihin danginta da asalin Asiya ta Asiya, game da abin da ta ce, "Na damu da tushen al'adun Asiya da kuma yadda kuma dalilin da ya sa suka zo nan [...] Abu ne da kowane dangin Asiya ya dandana." Waƙarta ta ƙunshi batutuwan mata, yaƙi da wariyar launin fata, rashin adalci a wurin aiki, da gano ainihin marubuci kuma mai fafutuka. <ref name="CEMA">{{Cite web |last=Güereña |first=Salvador |date=2002-10-22 |title=BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH |url=http://www.library.ucsb.edu/node/1908 |access-date=2007-04-18 |website=Guide to the Nellie Wong Papers |publisher=California Ethnic and Multicultural Archives |archive-date=2011-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105075140/http://www.library.ucsb.edu/node/1908 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 1981, Wong ya shiga tare da Mitsuye Yamada a cikin fim ɗin Documentary Mitsuye & Nellie, Mawakan Asiya na Amurka, wanda Allie Light da Irving Saraf suka samar. Fim din ya ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru da wahalhalun da suka shafi marubuta da iyalansu. Muhimmin abin da fim din ya mayar da hankali a kai shi ne yadda yakin duniya na biyu da harin bam na Pearl Harbor ya karfafa ra'ayin rarrabuwar kawuna na Japanawa a matsayin "mummunan" Asiya, yayin da ake kallon Sinawa a matsayin "mai kyau" Asiya. "Ba za a iya faɗi ba," ɗaya daga cikin waƙoƙin Wong da ke karantawa a cikin fim ɗin, ta nuna ƙoƙarin marubucin don fahimtar dalilin da yasa ake tura maƙwabtanta na Japan zuwa sansanonin horarwa lokacin da ita da danginta, a matsayin 'yan China Ba'amurke, an ɗauki 'yan ƙasa masu kishin ƙasa. Fim ɗin ya kuma nuna musayar ra'ayi tsakanin Wong da 'yan'uwanta, yana nuna farin ciki na 'yar uwarta, Li Keng, kuma marubuciya, [1] da ƙanwarta, Flo Oy Wong, mai zane-zane na shigarwa . Ɗan'uwanta, William Wong, ɗan jarida ne kuma marubucin Jarida mai Jarida: Watsawa daga Asiya ta Asiya . Ana ajiye takardunta a Gidan Tarihi na Kabilanci da Al'adu da yawa na California . A cikin 2022, ta sami lambar yabo ta Reginald Lockett Lifetime Achievement Award daga PEN Oakland . == Littafi Mai Tsarki == === Littattafai === *   *   *   *   *   *   *   === Sauran === * ''When I Was Growing Up'', autobiographical poem * ''In search of the self as hero: confetti of voices on New Year's night'', {{Cite book}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFCherríe_MoragaGloria_Anzaldúa1983">(1983). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[[iarchive:thisbridgecalle000mora/page/177|''This Bridge called my back : writings by radical women of color'']]</span> (First&nbsp;ed.). Watertown, Massachusetts: Persephone Press. pp.&nbsp;[[iarchive:thisbridgecalle000mora/page/177|177–181]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780930436100|<bdi>9780930436100</bdi>]].</cite> * ''For an Asian woman who says my poetry gives her a stomachache'', {{Cite book}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFGeok-lin_LimMayumi_TsutakawaMargarita_Donnelly1988">(1988). ''The forbidden stitch: an Asian American women's anthology''. Corvalis, Oregon: Calyx. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">86–</span>87.</cite> * ''Broad shoulders'', {{Cite book}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFAsian_Women_of_California1989">(1989). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[[iarchive:makingwavesantho00asia|''Making waves: an anthology of writings by and about Asian American Women'']]</span>. Boston: Beacon. pp.&nbsp;[[iarchive:makingwavesantho00asia/page/260|260–265]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;<nowiki><bdi>978-0-8070-5905-0</bdi></nowiki>.</cite> * ''Moving to her new house'', and ''We go as American tourists'', {{Cite book}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMarie_HarrisKathleen_Aguerro1988">(1988). ''An ear to the ground: an anthology of contemporary American poets''. Athens: University of Georgia Press. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">303–</span>304.</cite> * ''A woman at the window'', {{Cite book}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMary_Anne_Ferguson1991">(1991). ''Images of women in literature'' (Fifth&nbsp;ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">556–</span>557.</cite> * ''So near, so far'', ''My Chinese love'', ''Unwritten letter'', ''Reverberations'', ''Give me no flowers'', ''Where is my country'', ''When I was growing up'', and ''Away from the blue swans'', {{Cite book}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFL._Ling-chi_WangHenry_Yiheng_Zhao1991">(1991). ''Chinese American powerty: an anthology''. Santa Barbara, California: Asian American Voices. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">202–</span>214.</cite> * ''Socialist Feminism'', {{Cite book}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFChandra_Talpade_MohantyAnn_RussoLourdes_Torres1991">(1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[[iarchive:thirdworldwoment00itio|''Third world women and the politics of feminism'']]</span>. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp.&nbsp;[[iarchive:thirdworldwoment00itio/page/288|288–296]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;<nowiki><bdi>978-0-253-20632-9</bdi></nowiki>.</cite> * ''Dreams in Harrison Railroad Park'', ''Can't tell'', ''On thinking of photographing my fantasies'', ''On Plaza Garibaldi'', and ''Picnic'', {{Cite book}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFGarrett_Hongo1993">(1993). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[[iarchive:openboatpoemsfro00hong|''The open boat: poems from Asian America'']]</span>. New York: Doubleday. pp.&nbsp;[[iarchive:openboatpoemsfro00hong/page/268|268–278]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;<nowiki><bdi>978-0-385-42338-0</bdi></nowiki>.</cite> * ''Relining shelves'' and ''Toward a 44th birthday'', {{Cite book}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFFlorence_Howe1993">(1993). ''No more masks! An anthology of twentieth-century American women poets, newly revised and expanded''. New York: HarperPerennial. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">245–</span>247.</cite> * Wong, Nellie. "Praise Song for a Dead Girl." ''Seeds of Fire: Contemporary Poetry of the Other U. S. A.'', edited by Jonathan Andersen. Smokestack Books, 2008. p. 155. * ''A poem of solidarity for the striking Liverpool dockers and the women and the waterfront'', {{Cite web |title=LouberNet UK |url=http://www.labournet.net/docks2/9705/wong.htm |access-date=6 March 2019 |website=LabourNet UK}}<cite class="citation web cs1">''LabourNet UK''<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite> * ''Exploring common differences'', ''Miss Saigon: money calls a racist tune'', and ''You were born'', {{Cite book}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFNellie_WongYolanda_Alanniz1999">(1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[[iarchive:voicesofcolor0000unse|''Voices of Color'']]</span>. Seattle: Red Letter Press. pp.&nbsp;[[iarchive:voicesofcolor0000unse/page/25|25]]–29, <span class="nowrap">73–</span>75, <span class="nowrap">154–</span>155. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;<nowiki><bdi>978-0-932323-05-7</bdi></nowiki>.</cite> * ''Can't tell'', {{Cite book}}<cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFLawson_Fusao_Inada2000">(2000). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[[iarchive:onlywhatwecouldc00inad|''Only what we could carry: the Japanese American internment experience'']]</span>. Berkeley ; San Francisco: Heyday ; California Historical Society. pp.&nbsp;[[iarchive:onlywhatwecouldc00inad/page/51|51–52]].</cite> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Kara karantawa == * Moraga, Cherríe, da Anzalduá Gloria. ''T gadarsa ta kira Rubutun Baya na ta Mata masu launi'' . SUNY Press, 2015. * ''Ƙirƙirar Waƙa: Ƙididdigar Norton Na Siffofin Waƙa.'' Mark Strand da Eavan Boland ne suka gyara (New York: WW Norton da Kamfanin, 2000). * Bita na ''Lokacin Sata.'' Cindy Lum ya sake dubawa. ''Hawai Pacific Review.'' Juzu'i na 13 (1999), Jami'ar Hawaii Pacific, Honolulu, HI. * ''Ruhohin Juyin Juya Hali: Bayanan Bayani na Masu fafutuka na Asiya Pacific na Amurka,'' na Dana Kawaoka, Babban Tasirin Nazarin Amurka, Yuni 1, 1998. * ''Mitsuye & Nellie, Mawakan Asiya na Amurka.'' Allie Light & Irving Saraf. Mata Suna Yin Fina-Finai. 1981. 58 min. * ''Akan Matan Da Ke Cika Shekaru 60: Rungumar Zaman Cika.'' Tambayoyi da daukar hoto ta Cathleen Rountree (New York: Littattafan Harmony, 1997). * ''Mata: Hotuna da Haƙiƙa, Ƙwararren Al'adu da yawa.'' Edited by Amy Kesselman, Lily D. McNair, Nancy Schniedewind (Mountain View, CA:, Mayfield Publishing Company, 1995). * ''Wani Jin Jini Yazo.'' Edita ta Annie Finch (Brownsville, KO: Latsa Layin Labari, 1994). * ''Littattafan Asiya ta Amirka: Ƙididdigar Littafi Mai Tsarki.'' King-kok Cheung da Stan Yogi ne suka gyara. (New York: Ƙungiyar Harshen Zamani na Amirka, 1988). * ''Jagora ga Adabin Mata a Duniya.'' Claire Buck (Bloomsbury Publishing, 1994) ta gyara. * ''Mata Masu Sauya Amurka, 1963-1975.'' Edited by Barbara J. Love (Champaign: Jami'ar Illinois Press, 2006). == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.library.ucsb.edu/special-collections/cema/wong_n Jagora ga Takardun Nellie Wong a Tarihin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514224358/https://www.library.ucsb.edu/special-collections/cema/wong_n |date=2021-05-14 }} Kabilanci da Al'adu da yawa na California [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] d2duefd2b7n0rxgmof86icjyedeqy62 0 95576 842916 828867 2026-05-30T03:06:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Wasu 'yan kungiyoyin wasan kwallon kafa na Musulmai ne, kuma kungiyoyin suna amfani da dokokinsu. A watan Yulin 2013, ɗan jaridar BBC Rob Cowling ya ce 'yan wasan Musulmi suna canza al'adun ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila.<ref>{{cite news |author=Rob Cowling |date=5 July 2013 |title=Premier League: How Muslims are changing English football culture |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/23159023 |accessdate=10 July 2013 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Azumtar watan Ramadan da musulmai ke yi, yana shafar damar 'yan wasa don samun horo da buga wasanni,,<ref>{{cite news |author=Tusdiq Din |date=23 August 2011 |title=Fasting and football. How do top-flight Muslims cope? |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/fasting-and-football-how-do-topflight-muslims-cope-2342187.html |accessdate=10 July 2013 |newspaper=The Independent}}</ref> yayin da wasu 'yan wasa sun ki sanya rigunan kwallon kafa da kamfanonin caca da kudi ke tallafa masu, saboda an haramta caca da cin riba a addininin Musulunci.<ref>{{cite news |author=Saj Chowdhury and Ben Smith |date=12 June 2013 |title=Newcastle's Papiss Cisse plans club talks over new shirt sponsor |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22857014 |accessdate=10 July 2013 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Wasu 'yan wasan musulmi sun fuskanci cin zarafi na wariyar launin fata a wasanni, kuma suma kungiyoyin da suka sayi 'yan wasan musulmai an farmake su.<ref name="Beitar">{{Cite web |last=Paul Gittings |date=8 February 2013 |title=Israeli football club torched after signing Muslim players |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/02/08/world/meast/israel-football-arson |access-date=10 July 2013 |publisher=CNN}}</ref> == Shahara da rikici == Ma'aikatan man fetur na Burtaniya ne suka gabatar da kwallon kafa ga Iran kuma suka bunkasa ta a karkashin mulkin Reza Shah a cikin shekarun 1920. Kodayake duka wasa da kallon wasan sau da yawa sun kasance cikin rikici tare da bukatun addini a ƙarƙashin [[Iran|Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran]], ya ci gaba da shahara.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 June 2013 |title=Iran in June: A Fever Pitch of Football and Politics |url=http://www.payvand.com/news/13/jun/1037.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225011350/http://www.payvand.com/news/13/jun/1037.html%20 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |access-date=15 July 2013 |publisher=www.payvand.com}}</ref> An gabatar da Kwallon ƙafa a Falasdinu a lokacin mulkin Burtaniya na 1920-1948. A shekara ta 2011, an kafa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata da ake kira Girls FC, wadda ta ƙunshi Musulmai da Kiristoci. Duk da Bukatar addini da ƙin yarda da mata da ke sanye da gajeren wando da "wasan namiji", ƙungiyar ta zama sananne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2012 |title=Girls FC |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/aljazeeraworld/2012/06/2012626105337593602.html |access-date=15 July 2013 |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref> == Ramadan == A shekara ta 2010, kulob din kwallon kafa ta Tehran Steel Azin ta kori dan wasan mai suna dan wasan Iran Ali Karimi saboda karya azumi a lokacin Ramadan. An ga Karimi yana shan ruwa yayin horo; ya musanta duk wani zargi kuma kulob din ya dawo da shi bayan ya amince ya biya tarar $ 40,000.<ref>{{cite web |author=Adams, Keith |date=26 August 2010 |title=Iran footballer returns after Ramadan fasting row |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-11095904 |accessdate=11 July 2013 |publisher=BBC News Middle East}}</ref> A shekara ta 2011, an lura da tasirin rauni a kan lafiyar 'yan wasan dangane da dan wasan Newcastle United Demba Ba. An bayyana shi a matsayin "gajiyayye kuma mai rashin walwala" saboda azumi a lokacin Ramadan, ya zira kwallaye uku a cikin minti talatin a cikin nasarar 3-1 a kan Blackburn Rovers a wasan farko bayan Ramadan.<ref>{{cite news |author=Edwards, Luke |date=25 September 2011 |title=Newcastle United's Demba Ba's destroys Blackburn Rovers with a hat-trick |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/newcastle-united/8788187/Newcastle-Uniteds-Demba-Bas-destroys-Blackburn-Rovers-with-a-hat-trick.html |accessdate=11 July 2013 |newspaper=Daily Telegraph}}</ref> 'Yan wasan kwallon kafa da ke fafatawa a matakai mafi girma sun kasance suna yin azumi duk da haɗarin raunin mai girma da ke tattare da hakam. A lokacin Ramadan a cikin 2019, 'yan wasan AFC Ajax [[Hakim Ziyech]] da Noussair Mazroui sun shiga kashi na biyu na [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] Semi Final da Tottenham Hotspurs yayin azumi, sun sha ruwa bayan minti 24 da fara wasan bayan rana ta fadi. An kama duo din suna shan wutar lantarki da ruwa a filin wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2019 |title=Ajax duo break Ramadan fast during UCL semifinal vs Tottenham Hotspur |url=https://www.foxsportsasia.com/football/champions-league/1094822/ajax-duo-noussair-mazraoui-hakim-ziyech-open-ramadan-fast-during-ucl-semifinal-vs-tottenham-hotspur/ |access-date=9 November 2019 |website=FOX Sports Asia |language=en-US |archive-date=9 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109023450/https://www.foxsportsasia.com/football/champions-league/1094822/ajax-duo-noussair-mazraoui-hakim-ziyech-open-ramadan-fast-during-ucl-semifinal-vs-tottenham-hotspur/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A gasar cin [[FIFA]]_World_Cup" na 2018, Mouez Hassan, mai tsaron gidan Tunisia ya yi amfani da dokar FIFA wacce ta ba da umarnin dakatar da wasan lokacin da mai tsaron gida ya ji rauni. A lokacin wasannin da aka yi da Portugal da Turkiyya, Hassan ya fadi nan da nan bayan faɗuwar rana don ya ba abokan aikinsa damar karya azumi, waɗanda suka yi biki a kan kwanakin da abin sha na ion. Dabarun ya zama mai nasara, yayin da Tunisia ta sami nasarar dabara 2-2 a wasannin biyu, a kan manyan kungiyoyin [[FIFA]]. Ba duk ƙasashen addinin Musulunci ba ne suka dace da azumi a gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|Kofin Duniya]]. Yawancin 'yan wasan Saudi Arabiya, waɗanda za su buga Rasha a wasan buɗewa, sun zaɓi jinkirta jajircewar addininsu har sai bayan gasar, suna fahimtar wahalar da suka fuskanta kamar fuskantar sa'o'i 18 na hasken rana a Rasha. Hukumomin Saudiyya sun ba su izini, wadanda suka ba da izinin gujewa. A watan Afrilu na 2021, dan wasan Leicester City Wesley Fofana ya karya azumi a filin wasa a lokacin wasan Premier League.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2021 |title=Eid: 'You can be Muslim and still enjoy playing football' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-57056933 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Babban Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta gabatar da "hutu" a cikin kakar 2023 musamman don ''[[Iftar (Budar Baki)|Iftar]]''. Alkalin ya nuna hutu a matsayin tsayawa a wasan bayan faɗuwar rana kuma an bi da shi azaman hutu na ruwa. == Addu'a == Gudanar da addu'o'in Musulunci ya kawo 'yan wasa cikin rikici tare da manajojin su. Harry Redknapp, lokacin da yake manajan West Ham United, ya soki addu'ar Frédéric Kanouté da bukatun azumi.Newcastle United ta yi la'akari da gabatar da ɗakunan addu'a a duka St James' Park da kuma filin horo. Duk da yake ba a tsara su ne kawai don Musulmai ba, an shirya ɗakunan don amfani da su don [[Sallah|Addu'a]] ta 'yan wasan Musulmi Demba Ba, Papiss Cissé, Hatem Ben Arfa da [[Cheick Tioté|Sheik Tioté]]. Kungiyar ta nuna cewa wannan ya bambanta da abubuwan da tsohon dan wasan su ya samu kuma ya tuba zuwa addinin Islama, Didier Domi, wanda aka yi masa ba'a lokacin da aka gano yana yin addu'o'in Islama a cikin ruwan sama.<ref name="Domi">{{Cite web |last=Ghozali, Faïza |date=23 February 2010 |title=Islam made in France |url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Articles/Dossier/ARTJAJA2562p024-033.xml4/france-musulman-islam-bruno-metsuvivre-sa-foi-au-grand-jour.html |access-date=2 November 2013 |publisher=www.jeuneafrique.com |language=French}}</ref> A kakar 2012-13, 'yan wasan Musulmi bakwai na Newcastle a kai a kai suna amfani da ɗakin addu'a na horo na addinai da yawa. 'Yan wasa da yawa, kamar su Demba Ba da Papiss Cissé, sun zaɓi yin sujada tare da goshi zuwa ƙasa a matsayin bikin bayan sun zira kwallaye. A shekara ta 2012, an tilasta mai sharhi game da kwallon kafa Gary Lineker ya nemi gafara bayan ya bayyana irin wannan bikin da dan wasan Karim Ait-Fana ya yi wa kungiyar Montpellier ta Faransa da Schalke a [[UEFA Champions League|Gasar Zakarun Turai]] a matsayin "cin ciyawa".'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa Musulmai sun kuma sa T-shirts dauke da sakonnin da suka shafi Islama a ƙarƙashin rigunan ƙwallon ƙwallon. Dan wasan Queens Park Rangers Adel Taarabt ya sa rigar da ke dauke da sakon "Ina son Allah" yayin da Samir Nasri, a cikin 2012, ya yi bikin [[Manchester City F.C.|Birnin Manchester]] City da Southampton tare da rigar da ta dauki sakon "Eid Mubarak".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aleem, Abdul |title=The Influence Of Islam On English Football |url=http://islamiquemagazine.com/the-influence-of-islam-on-english-football/ |access-date=12 July 2013 |publisher=Islamique Magazine |archive-date=15 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130715013043/http://islamiquemagazine.com/the-influence-of-islam-on-english-football/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2012 |title=Nasri celebrates goal against Southampton with 'Eid Mubarak' T-shirt |url=http://www.itv.com/news/update/2012-08-19/nasri-celebrates-winning-goal-against-southampton-with-eid-mubarak-t-shirt/ |access-date=12 July 2013 |publisher=ITV}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2016, an nemi magoya bayan da suka halarci wasan cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya tsakanin Iran da Koriya ta Kudu a Filin wasa na Azadi a [[Tehran]] su maye gurbin waƙoƙin kwallon kafa na yau da kullun da waƙoƙi na addini yayin da wasan ya fadi a ranar tunawa da [[Tasu'a]], ranar tsarki ta Shia Islam. Bayan karuwar magoya bayan musulmai, kungiyoyin Premier League na Ingila suna aiwatar da ɗakunan addu'a a filayen su. Sabon ci gaba Aston Villa yana daya daga cikin kulob din da ke ba da wuraren addu'a ba kawai ga 'yan wasan ba, har ma da magoya bayanta da ma'aikata. Sauran kungiyoyin Burtaniya ciki har da Newcastle United, Swansea City, Sunderland, Bournemouth, Norwich City da Watford suma suna shirye su karɓi wuraren addu'a na ranar wasa. Tottenham Hotspur, wadanda suka kammala sabon ginin filin wasan a shekarar 2019, sun aiwatar da dakunan addu'a masu yawa.A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2022, Blackburn Rovers ya zama kulob na farko a Burtaniya don karbar bakuncin addu'o'in [[Sallar Idi ƙarama|Eid]] tare da mutane 2000 da ke murna da ƙarshen watan Ramadan mai tsarki a filin wasa. == Musulunci da ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila == An kafa [[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]], babbar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila, a hukumance a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1992. A lokacin da aka fara gasar a shekara ta 1992-93, dan wasan Mutanen Espanya daya ne kawai Nayim, ya yi amfani da Islama.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web |date=29 May 2019 |title=From the Red Side of the Field: Muslims in the English Premier League |url=https://seattledsa.org/2019/05/from-the-red-side-of-town-muslims-in-the-english-premier-league/ |access-date=9 November 2019 |website=Seattle Democratic Socialists of America |language=en-US}}</ref> Koyaya, tun daga kakar 2018-19 akwai Musulmai sama da 50 da ke wasa a gasar Firimiya kuma 19 daga cikin kungiyoyi 20 suna da akalla dan wasan Musulmi ɗaya.<ref name="auto2"/> Wadannan sun hada da wasu fitattun 'yan wasa ciki har da Liverpool's [[Muhammad Salah|Mohamed Salah]] da [[Sadio Mané]], Manchester United's [[Paul Pogba]], Arsenal's [[Mesut Ozil|Mesut Özil]], Chelsea's [[N'Golo Kanté]] da Kurt Zouma, da Manchester City's [[Riyad Mahrez]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 40 Muslim Football Players |url=https://howtheyplay.com/team-sports/Muslim-Footballers |access-date=9 November 2019 |website=HowTheyPlay |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pasztor |first=David |date=4 December 2015 |title=Zouma talks faith, family, Chelsea |url=https://weaintgotnohistory.sbnation.com/2015/12/4/9847112/kurt-zouma-interview-faith-family-chelsea |website=We Ain't Got No History}}</ref> Yawan 'yan wasan musulmi da ke ƙaruwa ya samo asali ne daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2018 |title=Islam in Football: The profound effect the religion has on the game |url=https://inews.co.uk/sport/football/islam-football-liverpool-premier-league-pogba-salah-mane-512540 |access-date=9 November 2019 |website=inews.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Wannan kuma ya haifar da ƙarin fahimta da yardar rai daga bangaren kungiyoyin Premier League da magoya baya don karɓar bukatun addini na 'yan wasa.<ref name="auto" /> Kungiyar yanzu tana daukar ma'aikacin musulmi kuma wasu kungiyoyi suna da ɗakunan addu'a. Duk da yake Islamophobia a cikin Premier League har yanzu yana nan, kasancewar taurarin kwallon kafa na Musulmi a cikin Premier na iya samun sakamako mai kyau a kan Islamophobie a duk faɗin al'ummar Ingila bisa ga binciken [[Jami'ar Stanford]] wanda ya haɗa raguwar 18.9% a cikin laifukan ƙiyayya na Musulmi da ke cikin gundumar da Liverpool ke ciki tun lokacin da Salah ya shiga tawagar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Marcin |first=Tim |date=4 June 2019 |title=Mo Salah Has Singlehandedly Reduced Islamophobia in Liverpool |url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/qv7ev7/mo-salah-has-singlehandedly-reduced-islamophobia-in-liverpool |access-date=9 November 2019 |website=Vice |language=en}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2021, an ba da sanarwar cewa kungiyoyin Premier League za su shiga cikin lambar don daidaita ma'amala da tallafawa tare da imanin 'yan wasan musulmi. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2023, kungiyoyi uku na gasar kwallon kafa (Millwall, Luton da Swansea) suma sun sanya hannu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 March 2023 |title=Millwall, Luton and Swansea sign Muslim charter |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/64308147 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, an ba da sanarwar cewa a lokacin Ramadan mai zuwa, 'yan wasa za su sami damar samun 'haske na sha' don karya azumi. Daga baya a wannan watan, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Everton [[Abdoulaye Doucouré|Abdoulaye Doucoure]] ya yi magana game da lokacin Ramadan mai zuwa a matsayin ɗan wasa. An sake maimaita hutun a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2023. Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2023, ƙungiyar mata ta Bradford City tana da masu horar da Musulmai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 April 2023 |title=NATH'S NATTERS: Bradford Muslims incredible in balancing sport with Ramadan |url=https://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/23472033.bradford-muslim-population-sport-ramadan/ |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> == Kits da tallafawa == Shugabannin Musulmai a [[Maleshiya|Malaysia]] sun yi kira ga Musulmai kada su sa rigunan kwallon kafa tare da giciye a kan lambar, kamar [[FC Barcelona]] da Brazil, suna ganin su suna ba da fifiko ga [[Kiristanci]]. Sun kuma yi gargadi game da rigunan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]], waɗanda ke nuna shaidan. A shekara ta 2012, [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] ta cire gicciye daga [[Real Madrid CF|Alamar kulob din]] su a kan kayan gabatarwa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Peck, Brooks |date=30 March 2012 |title=Real Madrid make small but deliberate change to their crest for UAE resort island partnership |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/soccer-dirty-tackle/real-madrid-small-distinct-change-crest-uae-resort-202900831.html |access-date=18 October 2013 |publisher=Sports.Yahoo.com |archive-date=10 February 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130210080500/http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/soccer-dirty-tackle/real-madrid-small-distinct-change-crest-uae-resort-202900831.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> An danganta canjin da gina wurin shakatawa na wasanni na dala biliyan 1 a [[Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa]] ta Musulunci.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 April 2013 |title=Real Madrid changing cross logo for Muslim fans, sponsors |url=http://www.indianmuslimobserver.com/2012/04/real-madrid-changing-cross-logo-for.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928034541/http://www.indianmuslimobserver.com/2012/04/real-madrid-changing-cross-logo-for.html |archive-date=28 September 2013 |access-date=12 July 2013 |publisher=Indian Muslim Observer}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Real Madrid Reband Logo for Muslim Fans |url=http://www.theeasternpost.org/show_news.php?ofPage=16&id=3189&headLine=Real-Madrid-Reband-Logo-for-Muslim-Fans |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927060347/http://www.theeasternpost.org/show_news.php?ofPage=16&id=3189&headLine=Real-Madrid-Reband-Logo-for-Muslim-Fans |archive-date=27 September 2013 |access-date=12 July 2013 |publisher=The Eastern Post}}</ref> Frédéric Kanouté ya yi amfani da shi don canza rigarsa ta [[Sevilla FC|Sevilla]], don rufe tallafin daga gidan caca na kan layi 888.com. Daga baya kulob din ya cimma yarjejeniya cewa dan wasan ba ya amincewa da caca ta hanyar sanya shi, kuma za a gafarta shi daga duk wani kayan gabatarwa tare da 888. A watan Yulin 2013, dan wasan Newcastle United Papiss Cissé ya ki yin wasa a cikin rigar da Wonga.com, kamfanin rance na ranar biyan kuɗi, ke tallafawa, saboda ba a ba da izinin cajin riba a ƙarƙashin dokar Islama ba. Ba da daɗewa ba, ya yarda ya sa rigar bayan an dauki hotonsa a gidan caca. == Ka'idojin sutura == Abubuwan da ake buƙata na ka'idar tufafin Islama sun saba wa bukatun kayan [[FIFA]]. A shekara ta 2011, an hana tawagar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Iran yin wasa a zagaye na cancanta don Wasannin Olympics na 2012 saboda kayan aikin su wanda ya kunshi cikakkun tufafi da rufe gashin kansu. Ana buƙatar mata a Iran su sa maghnaeh don rufe kawunansu. FIFA ta yanke hukuncin cewa kayan sun karya daya daga cikin dokokinsu wanda ya ce, " 'Yan wasa da jami'ai ba za su nuna saƙonnin siyasa, na addini, na kasuwanci ko na sirri ko taken a kowane harshe ko nau'i a kan kayan wasan su ko kayan aiki na ƙungiyar ba. " Kodayake ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Iran ta yi jayayya cewa kayan ba addini ko siyasa ba ne, an hana Iran yin wasan da aka ba shi, 3-0 ga Jordan. A shekara ta 2012, FIFA ta canza hukuncin su ta bayyana cewa mata suna da 'yanci su sa hijabi a matakin manyan gasa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Warshaw, Andrew |date=5 July 2012 |title=Joy for FIFA Prince and Muslim women as football hijab ban is lifted |url=http://www.insidethegames.biz/sports/summer/football/17585-joy-for-fifa-prince-as-football-hijab-ban-is-lifted |access-date=12 July 2013 |publisher=www.insidethegames.biz }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A watan Yulin 2023, an kaddamar da kamfen a Ingila don ba da damar 'yan mata masu makaranta su sa hijabs yayin da suke buga kwallon kafa. Daga baya a wannan watan, dan wasan Morocco Nouhaila Benzina ya zama dan wasa na farko da ya sa hijabi a gasar cin kofin duniya. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2024, an hana 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata, Iqra Ismail yin wasa a cikin tufafi maimakon gajeren wando, wanda ta yi imanin ya lalata imanin addinin ta. Wakilin ƙungiyar Regent's Park, United Dragons FC, alƙalin ya hana ta shiga filin yayin da aka gaya mata sanya gajeren wando abin da ake buƙata ne.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Elgueta |first=Adriana |last2=Bhandhukravi |first2=Alice |date=29 October 2024 |title=Muslim footballer stopped from playing in tracksuit bottoms |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c3e83qlx058o |access-date=30 October 2024 |website=BBC News}}</ref> == Cin zarafi == Akwai lokuta da yawa na Cin zarafin Musulmi da aka yi wa 'yan wasan kwallon kafa Musulmi. A shekara ta 2005, dan wasan kwallon kafa na Masar Mido yayin da yake wasa a Tottenham Hostpur magoya bayan West Ham United sun yi masa ba'a da "Mahaifiyarka ta'addanci" kuma a matsayin mai fashewar bam saboda kamaninsa da Richard Reid. A shekara ta 2007, Mido, wanda ke wasa a Middlesbrough ya yi wa magoya bayan Newcastle United ba'a da cin zarafin Musulmi. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2013, an yi wa magoya bayan musulmai na West Ham United cin zarafi yayin da suke gudanar da [[Sallan Magariba|Addu'ar Maghrib]] a Filin Boleyn a lokacin wasan Premier League tsakanin West Ham da Manchester City. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2015, an soki magoya bayan musulmi na [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] kuma an yi musu cin zarafi a kafofin sada zumunta bayan sun yi amfani da rabin lokaci don yin addu'a a kan matsakaicin addu'a. [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool FC]] ta mayar da martani nan da nan game da Tweet ɗin da ya yi wa 'yan sanda na Merseyside kuma ta fitar da sanarwa ta neman gafara. Kungiyar Isra'ila Beitar Jerusalem ta ƙone ofisoshin su ta hanyar 'yan kasa na Yahudawa a watan Janairun 2013 bayan sun sanya hannu kan' yan wasan Musulmi na farko.<ref name="Beitar"/> Koyaya, halin da ake ciki ga 'yan wasan musulmi yana nuna motsi na canji. Gasar Firimiya ta dakatar da al'adarta ta ba da champagne a matsayin lambar yabo ta mutum-na-wasan kuma ta canza shi zuwa kofin lokacin da tauraron Musulmi na Manchester City [[Yaya Touré]] ya fara lashe shi akai-akai. <ref name="auto"/> A cewar masu bincike a [[Jami'ar Stanford]], [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool FC]] da tauraron Masar [[Muhammad Salah|Mohammed Salah]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rage Islamophobia a yankin. Tun lokacin da ya iso, gundumar Merseyside ta ga raguwar 18.9% a cikin laifukan adawa da Islama kuma ta ragu sosai da tweets masu adawa da Musulmi (7.8% zuwa 3.8%) idan aka kwatanta da magoya bayan wasu manyan kungiyoyin Ingila godiya ga karuwar sanin Islama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Can Exposure to Celebrities Reduce Prejudice? The Effect of Mohamed Salah on Islamophobic Behaviors and Attitudes |url=https://immigrationlab.org/working-paper-series/can-exposure-celebrities-reduce-prejudice-effect-mohamed-salah-islamophobic-behaviors-attitudes-2/ |access-date=9 November 2019 |website=Immigration Policy Lab |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2019, duka West Ham United da 'yan sanda sun binciki cin zarafin Musulunci ga Mohamed Salah wanda ya fito daga magoya bayan gida a Filin wasa na London yayin wasan tsakanin West Ham da Liverpool. An samo bidiyon bidiyo inda za'a iya jin wani yana ihu "Salah, kai Musulmi, kai Musulmin" a Salah. A watan Oktoba na 2020, an yanke wa mai goyon bayan West Ham United hukunci kan aikata laifin aikata laifuka na wariyar launin fata. An ci tarar £ 400 kuma an dakatar da shi daga wasannin kwallon kafa na tsawon shekaru uku. == A cikin fim == Fim din 2006 na Offside yana magana ne game da batun kwallon kafa, a wannan yanayin a Iran, da kuma masu kallo mata. Wani haramtacciyar da aka yi a lokacin [[Juyin Juya Halin Musulunci|Juyin Juya Halin Iran na 1979]] wanda ya hana mata halartar wasanni, tare da shugabannin addinin Islama da ke nuna cewa mata a filayen wasa shine girke-girke don bala'i yayin da za su ga "ƙafafu marasa kyau" kuma su ji laifuka da magoya bayan maza ke ihu. Shugaba [[Mahmoud Ahmadinejad]] ya yi ƙoƙari ya kawo karshen haramcin kafin babban shugaban kasar, [[Ali Khamenei|Ayatollah Ali Khamenei]] ya hana yunkurinsa. Fim din ya ba da labaran 'yan mata da ke canza kansu a matsayin maza don kallon wasan cancanta Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2006 tsakanin Iran da Bahrain a Filin wasa na Azadi a [[Tehran]]. An dakatar da shi daga nunawa a Iran.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 May 2006 |title=Iran censors hand Offside a red card |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/archive/2006/05/20084913126165646.html |access-date=12 July 2013 |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Kiristanci da ƙwallon ƙafa * Kwallon ƙafa a Wasannin Solidarity na Musulunci == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1m8ij8m36clle0nx60pahjzzjx1afb3 0 95631 843226 728074 2026-05-30T07:25:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843226 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Natasha J. Cabrera''' masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam ne na kasar kanada wanda aka sani da bincikenta kan ci gaban yara da zamantakewa, yana mai da hankali kan sa hannun iyaye da tasiri kan ci gaban yaro, bambancin kabilanci da al'adu a cikin halayen iyaye, da abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da haɗarin ci gaba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 2013 |title=COE Researcher Brings to Light the Positive Development of Minority Children. |url=https://education.umd.edu/news/11-01-13-coe-researcher-brings-light-positive-development-minority-children}}</ref> Tana da matsayin Farfesa a Ma'aikatar Ci gaban Dan Adam da Hanyoyi masu yawa a Jami'ar [[Maryland]], Kwalejin Ilimi, inda take Darakta na Gidan Gida na Iyali kuma tana da alaƙa da Cibiyar Binciken Jama'a ta Maryland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Natasha Cabrera |url=https://education.umd.edu/directory/natasha-cabrera |access-date=2019-10-15 |website=education.umd.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-31 |title=Family Involvement Laboratory. |url=https://education.umd.edu/research-college/labs/family-involvement-laboratory}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Publications. |url=https://www.popcenter.umd.edu/mprc-associates/ncabrera/natasha-cabrera-publications |access-date=2025-03-12 |archive-date=2024-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606154401/https://www.popcenter.umd.edu/mprc-associates/ncabrera/natasha-cabrera-publications |url-status=dead }}</ref> Cabrera kuma tana da matsayin Sakatare a Majalisar Gudanarwa ta Society for the Research on Child Development kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Edita na Early Childhood Research Quarterly da Child Development. <ref>{{Cite web |title=SRCD website |url=https://www.srcd.org/about-us/who-we-are/governing-council}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Father-Child Relationships: How and Why They Matter for Children's Development |url=https://childandfamilypolicy.duke.edu/event/sulzberger-distinguished-lecture-featuring-natasha-cabrera/ |access-date=2019-10-30 |website=Center for Child & Family Policy {{!}} Duke University |language=en-US |archive-date=2019-10-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030025543/https://childandfamilypolicy.duke.edu/event/sulzberger-distinguished-lecture-featuring-natasha-cabrera/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An gabatar da bincikenta a cikin The Wall Street Journal, Ilimi Week, ''[[Time (magazine)|Lokaci]]'', da kuma The Atlantic.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shellenbarger |first=Sue |title=Moms, Let Dad Be Dad |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/what-dads-play-does-for-kids-1434476561 |access-date=2019-10-30 |website=WSJ |language=en-US}}</ref>[11]''Tekun Atlantika.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fetters |first=Ashley |date=2018-09-25 |title=The Dad-Joke Doctrine |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/09/deconstructing-the-dad-joke/571174/ |access-date=2019-10-30 |website=The Atlantic |language=en-US}}</ref>'' Cabrera co-editor ne na littattafai da yawa, ciki har da ''Daga jin daɗi zuwa kula da yara: Abin da ke faruwa ga yara ƙanana lokacin da uwaye marasa aure ke musayar jin daɗi don aiki'', Littafin Hanyar Halitta na Amurka Latino: Hanyar Ci Gaban da Hanyar Al'ummawa, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Book Review. |url=https://www.ncfr.org/search?keyword=cabrera}}</ref> Latina da Latino Child Psychology da Lafiya ta Zuciya, da Littafin Hadin Hadin Halitta: Hanyar Hadin Hanyar Hanyar Halin Hadin Halin Halitta. <ref>{{Cite book|last2=Catherine Tamis-LeMonda}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == Cabrera ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar [[Toronto]] tare da digiri na BS a fannin [[Ilimin halin dan Adam|ilimin halayyar dan adam]] a shekarar 1985 da kuma digiri na MS a fannin Falsafar Ilimi a shekarar 1989. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Faculty Page |url=https://education.umd.edu/directory/natasha-cabrera}}</ref> Ta halarci makarantar digiri a Jami'ar Denver, Makarantar Ilimi, inda ta sami Ph.D. a Ilimi da Ci gaban Psychology a shekarar 1994.<ref name=":0" /> Bayan kammala karatunsa, Cabrera ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Nazarin Roundtable a kan Binciken Farawa, Hukumar Kula da Kimiyya da Ilimi, Kwamitin Kula da Yara da Iyalai na Majalisar Bincike ta Kasa ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa daga 1995 zuwa 1996. Ta rike mukamin Executive Branch Fellow, wanda Society for Research on Child Development (SRCD) ta tallafawa a karkashin jagorancin American Association for the Advancement of Science a Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Yara da Ci gaban Dan Adam (NICHD) daga 1996 zuwa 1998. Cabrera ya yi aiki a NICHD a matsayin gwani a ci gaban yara kafin ya shiga bangaren Jami'ar Maryland a shekara ta 2002. Yayinda yake a NICHD, Cabrera ya sami lambar yabo ta On-the-Spot, Kyautar Kyautar Mutum da Kyautar Ma'aikata a cikin 1997, 1999, da 2000, da kuma Gudanar da Yara da Iyalai, Kyautar Maɓallin Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam ta Amurka da Kyautar Jagoranci a cikin 2000 da 2003. Binciken Cabrera game da tasirin iyaye a ci gaban yara ta sami tallafi daga Cibiyoyin Lafiya na Kasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NICHD / R03 - Natasha Cabrera — Maryland Population Research Center |url=https://www.popcenter.umd.edu/resources/grant-support/success/nichd_cabrera |access-date=2019-10-15 |website=www.popcenter.umd.edu |archive-date=2019-10-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015194842/https://www.popcenter.umd.edu/resources/grant-support/success/nichd_cabrera |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Grantome: Search |url=http://grantome.com/search |access-date=2019-10-30 |website=Grantome |language=en}}</ref> == Bincike == Cabrera an san ta da aikinta na magance yadda sa hannun iyaye ke tasiri ga ci gaban yara - batun da ya sami karancin kulawa ta bincike fiye da sa hannun uwaye a rayuwar yara. Ta hanyar mayar da hankali kan sa hannun iyaye dangane da sakamakon iyali da na yaro, bincikenta yana inganta fahimtar halayen iyaye waɗanda ke tasiri ga fahimtar yara da jin daɗin motsin rai. Cabrera ta fara bincikenta ta hanyar binciken tasirin sa hannun iyaye a rayuwar yara da iyalai a kan manufofin zamantakewa na yanzu, kamar tallafin yara, jin dadin jama'a, da sauransu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Cabrera |first=N. J. |last2=Peters |first2=E. |date=1999 |title=Public policies and father involvement. |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254372863 |journal=Marriage & Family Review |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=295–31 |doi=10.1300/J002v29n04_04 |s2cid=144213241 |via=ResearchGate}}</ref> Ta hanyar nazarin yadda yanayin zamantakewar zamani ke canza gudummawar iyaye ga ci gaban yara, <ref name=":1" /> ƙungiyar bincikenta ta ba da shawarar shirye-shiryen zamantakewa da yawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cabrera |first=N.J. |last2=Tamis-LeMonda |first2=C. |last3=Bradley |first3=R. |last4=Hofferth |first4=S. |last5=Lamb |first5=M. |date=2000 |title=Fatherhood in the 21st century |journal=Child Development |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=127–136 |doi=10.1111/1467-8624.00126 |pmid=10836566 |s2cid=16879770 |via=ResearchGate |hdl-access=free}}</ref> A matsayin mataki na gaba a cikin aikinta, Cabrera ta mai da hankali sosai ga ƙungiyar da ba su da wakilci na iyalai masu ƙarancin kuɗi. A cikin karatunta, ta yi jayayya cewa kyakkyawar hulɗar uba da yaro ta bayyana don kauce wa yiwuwar jinkirin fahimta da ke da alaƙa da talauci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shannon |first=C. |last2=Tamis-LeMonda |first2=C. |last3=London |first3=K |last4=Cabrera |first4=N.J. |date=2002 |title=Beyond rough and tumble: Low-income fathers' interactions and children's cognitive development at 24 months. |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/248942443 |journal=Parenting: Science and Practice |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=77–104 |doi=10.1207/S15327922PAR0202_01 |s2cid=144819555 |via=ResearchGate}}</ref> Ta yi iƙirarin cewa halaye na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki na iyaye suna da alaƙa da sakamakon ci gaban yara kuma sun nuna yadda bai kamata a yi watsi da gudummawar iyaye a kula da yara ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tamis-LeMonda |first=C. |last2=Shannon |first2=J. |last3=Cabrera |first3=N.J. |last4=Lamb |first4=M. |date=2004 |title=Fathers' and mothers' play with their 2- and 3-year-olds: Contributions to language and cognitive development. |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8161865 |journal=Child Development |volume=75 |issue=6 |pages=1806–1820 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00818.x |pmid=15566381 |via=ResearchGate}}</ref> Ayyukan Cabrera suna ba da hujja mai mahimmanci game da tasirin haɗin kai na uba akan ci gaban yara, <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Cabrera |first=N.J. |last2=Shannon |first2=J. |last3=Tamis-LeMonda |first3=C. |date=2007 |title=Fathers' influence on their children's cognitive and emotional development: From toddlers to pre-K |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/239870261 |journal=Applied Developmental Science |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=208–213 |doi=10.1080/10888690701762100 |s2cid=11673906 |via=ResearchGate}}</ref> motsin rai, <ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Cabrera |first=N.J. |last2=Cook |first2=G. |last3=McFadden |first3=K. |last4=Bradley |first4=R. |date=2012 |title=Father residence and father-child relationship quality: Peer relationships and externalizing behavioral problems |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233074006 |journal=Family Science |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=109–119 |doi=10.1080/19424620.2011.639143 |s2cid=58912732 |via=ResearchGate}}</ref> zamantakewa, da harshe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Leech |first=K.A. |last2=Salo |first2=V.S. |last3=Rowe |first3=M.L. |last4=Cabrera |first4=N.J. |date=2013 |title=Father input and child vocabulary development: The importance of wh-questions and clarification requests. |journal=Seminars in Speech and Language |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=249–259 |doi=10.1055/s-0033-1353445 |pmc=4114767 |pmid=24297617 |via=ResearchGate}}</ref> Ta yi jayayya cewa ingancin maganganun da aka jagoranta ga yara yana da gudummawa sosai ga ƙwarewar yara da ƙwarewar ƙamus.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Salo |first=V. |last2=Rowe |first2=M. |last3=Leech |first3=K.A. |last4=Cabrera |first4=N.J. |date=2015 |title=Low-income fathers' speech to toddlers during book reading versus toy play |journal=Journal of Child Language |volume=43 |issue=6 |pages=1385–1399 |doi=10.1017/S0305000915000550 |pmc=4860188 |pmid=26541647}}</ref> Bugu da kari, ta kammala cewa ingancin dangantakar uba da yaro yana da tasiri kai tsaye a kan dangantakar yara da matsalolin halayyar yara.<ref name=":3" /> Labarin da ta rubuta tare da shi wanda ke Bayyana tsawon lokacin da iyaye suka shiga cikin haihuwa a kan aikin iyaye tare da yara an kira shi Mafi kyawun Labarin Bincike game da maza a cikin iyalai ta Majalisar Kasa da Dangantakar Iyali a cikin 2009.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cabrera |first=Natasha J. |last2=Fagan |first2=Jay |last3=Farrie |first3=Danielle |date=2008 |title=Explaining the Long Reach of Fathers' Prenatal Involvement on Later Paternal Engagement |journal=Journal of Marriage and Family |language=en |volume=70 |issue=5 |pages=1094–1107 |doi=10.1111/j.1741-3737.2008.00551.x |pmc=2822357 |pmid=20165557}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-31 |title=Cabrera's Acknowledgement |url=https://education.umd.edu/research-college/labs/family-involvement-laboratory/current-events |access-date=2025-03-12 |archive-date=2023-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323052635/https://education.umd.edu/research-college/labs/family-involvement-laboratory/current-events |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin wannan labarin, ƙungiyar Cabrera ta tsara muhimman binciken da aka yi cewa shigar da iyaye marasa aure a gaban haihuwa yana da alaƙa da matakan haɗin iyaye lokacin da ɗansu ya kai shekara ɗaya da uku. A cikin wata takarda Iyaye ne, Ma! ''Iyaye ne ma! ''Faɗakar da Lens a kan Iyaye don Ci gaban Yara, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cabrera |first=N.J. |last2=Volling |first2=B. |last3=Barr |first3=R. |date=2017 |title=Fathers are parents, too! Widening the lens on parenting for children's development. |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322360567 |journal=Child Development Perspectives |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=152–157 |doi=10.1111/cdep.12275 |s2cid=149079739 |via=ResearchGate |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Cabrera da abokan aikinta sun ba da taƙaitaccen tasirin kai tsaye da kai tsaye na sa hannun iyaye akan ci gaban yara. A cikin wannan labarin, marubutan sun tattauna batutuwa da yawa da suka shafi hulɗar uba da yaro kuma sun gabatar da shawarwari waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ci gaba da bincike don ci gaba da fahimtar rawar uba a rayuwar yaro. == Littattafan wakilci == * [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Bayyana dogon lokaci na iyaye kafin haihuwa a kan aikin uba da yara daga baya. ''Jaridar Aure da Iyali. 70'', 1094–1107. * [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Yin kwaikwayon tasirin tasirin uba a kan yara a rayuwarsu. Kimiyya ta Ci Gaban Amfani, ''11'' (4), 185-189. * [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga [[Ibrananci]] da aka yi amfani da ita. Ilimin muhalli na dangantakar uba da yaro: Tsarin fadada. Jaridar Family Theory and Review, 6, 336-354. * [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Tsarin iyali, aikin uwa, da canji a cikin halayyar matsalar yara: Bambance-bambance ta hanyar shekaru da sarrafa kai. ''Jaridar Turai ta Ci gaban Halitta, 11'', 136-158.Yanayin da za a iya yi * [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Tasirin iyaye a kan ci gaban fahimta da motsin rai na yaransu: Daga yara zuwa pre-K. Kimiyya ta Ci Gaban Amfani, ''11'' (4), 208-213. * Cabrera, N., Tamis‐LeMonda, C., Bradley, R. H., Hofferth, S., & Lamb, M. E. (2000). Uba a cikin karni na ashirin da daya. ''Ci gaban Yara'', ''71'' (1), 127-136. * [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Iyaye ma iyaye ne! fadada ruwan tabarau kan iyaye don ci gaban yara. Halin Ci gaban Yara, ''12'' (3), 152-157. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 4p8yruuiux86soan5zan9l4h0do1jmd 0 96572 842920 702363 2026-05-30T04:23:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Akindele Justina Omowunmi''' (an haife ta a watan Satumba 1, 1996), wacce aka fi sani da sunanta '''Mz Kiss''', 'yar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce mai raɗaɗi, mawaƙa, kuma marubuci. <ref name="TN">{{Cite web |title=Female rapper, Mz Kiss drops new album 'Street on the loose' |url=http://thenet.ng/female-rapper-mz-kiss-drops-new-album-street-on-the-loose/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Thenet.ng}}</ref> <ref name="VNGR">{{Cite web |date=August 29, 2014 |title=Some people go as far as wanting to kiss me —Mz Kiss |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/08/people-go-far-wanting-kiss-mz-kiss/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Vanguardngr.com}}</ref> <ref name="BellaNaija">{{Cite web |date=September 2, 2018 |title=Mz Kiss rocks a Silver Ensemble in Birthday Photos! |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/09/mz-kiss-rocks-silver-ensemble-birthday-photos/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Bellanaija.com}}</ref> <ref name="NIGFilms">{{Cite web |title='Maybe Yung6ix Is Dead' – Mz Kiss Says |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/music-news/78-musical-news/45369-maybe-yung6ix-is-dead-mz-kiss-says |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Nigeriafilms.com |archive-date=May 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506095643/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/music-news/78-musical-news/45369-maybe-yung6ix-is-dead-mz-kiss-says |url-status=dead }}</ref> [ <ref name="BellaNG">{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2018 |title=All Eyes are on Mz Kiss as She Covers Mystreetz Magazine's Latest Issue |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/12/all-eyes-are-on-mz-kiss-as-she-covers-mystreetz-magazines-latest-issue/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Bellanaija.com}}</ref> <ref name="36ng">{{Cite web |date=December 7, 2015 |title=Chidinma & Mz Kiss All Smiles As They Pose Together |url=https://www.36ng.ng/2015/12/07/chidinma-mz-kiss-all-smiles-as-they-pose-together/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=36ng.ng }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2015 |title=15 Nigerian Female Rappers Who Changed The Game |url=http://woman.ng/2015/12/15-nigerian-female-rappers-who-changed-the-game/ |access-date=March 13, 2019 |publisher=Woman Nigeria |archive-date=March 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190313224219/http://woman.ng/2015/12/15-nigerian-female-rappers-who-changed-the-game |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="The Point">{{Cite web |title=Capital Hills didn't drop Chidinma for me, says Mz Kiss |url=http://www.thepointng.com/capital-hills-didnt-drop-chidinma-for-me-says-mz-kiss/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Thepointng.com}}</ref> == Fage == An haifi Mz Kiss a ranar 1 ga Satumba 1996 a [[Okitipupa]], wani gari a [[Ondo (jiha)|karamar hukumar Ondo]], <ref name="bloomplaymusic">{{Cite web |title=Mz Kiss |url=https://www.boomplaymusic.com/BoomPlayer/#/webitem/musics?cid=12349 |access-date=March 11, 2019 |website=boomplaymusic.com |archive-date=April 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430112831/https://www.boomplaymusic.com/BoomPlayer/#/webitem/musics?cid=12349 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="SilverbirdTV">{{Cite web |title=Female Wrapper MZ Kiss Narrates Pain Behind The Fame |url=http://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/46561/female-wrapper-mz-kiss-narrates-pain-behind-fame/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Silverbirdtv.com |archive-date=March 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190319172118/http://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/46561/female-wrapper-mz-kiss-narrates-pain-behind-fame/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yammacin Najeriya. Ta karanta Mass Communication. == Aikin kiɗa == A cikin 2010, Mz Kiss ta fara tafiya cikin kiɗa, <ref name="Pulse">{{Cite web |date=June 2016 |title='Enemy of progress', 'Last year' [Video] |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/mz-kiss-enemy-of-progress-last-year-video/0pg2b81 |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Pulse.ng }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ta sake sakin waƙoƙinta na farko '''You Go Craze''' a cikin 2012, '''Holla a Ni''' a cikin 2013. <ref name="AllAfrica">{{Cite web |last=Grace Kerongo |title=Kenya: Introducing Mz Kiss |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201407090375.html |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Allafrica.com}}</ref> <ref name="Notjustok">{{Cite web |last=Ovie O |title=VIDEO: Mz Kiss – Figure 8 |url=https://notjustok.com/videos/video-mz-kiss-figure-8/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Notjustok.com/ |archive-date=August 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809174928/https://notjustok.com/videos/video-mz-kiss-figure-8/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta saki Hoto na 8 akan Afrilu 3, 2013,<ref name="VGR">{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/10/maheeda-thing-mz-kiss/|title=I cannot do the 'Maheeda thing'— Mz Kiss|date=October 10, 2014|publisher=Vanguardngr.com|accessdate=March 11, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.naijapals.com/music/Figure_8_KISS-27121| title=Figure 8 – KISS (Download + Lyrics)| publisher=Woman Nigeria| date=April 4, 2013| access-date=March 13, 2019| archive-date=May 16, 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180516084830/http://www.naijapals.com/music/Figure_8_KISS-27121| url-status=dead}}</ref> na farko bayan rera waƙa ga Taurus Musik da Bad Dog Entertainment wanda ya sami gagarumin liyafar, ta haka ya sami sababbin filaye a cikin masana'antar. A cikin 2016, Mz Kiss an zabi shi don '''Rookie of the Year''' a The Headies 2016 edition, <ref name="headies2016">{{Cite web |title=Dice Ailes, Terry Apala, Dremo, Mayorkun & Mz. Kiss – Who Will Win The Headies 2016 Rookie of the Year Award? |url=http://www.naijaloaded.com.ng/talk-zone/dice-ailesterry-apaladremomayorkun-mz-kiss-who-will-win-the-headies-2016-rookie-of-the-year-award |access-date=March 11, 2019 |website=naijaloaded.com.ng |archive-date=November 10, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110185506/https://www.naijaloaded.com.ng/talk-zone/dice-ailesterry-apaladremomayorkun-mz-kiss-who-will-win-the-headies-2016-rookie-of-the-year-award |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="headiesnominees">{{Cite web |date=December 29, 2016 |title=2016 Headies: Organizers Finally Announces Rookie Of The Year |url=https://tooxclusive.com/news/2016-headies-organizers-finally-announces-rookie-of-the-year/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |website=tooxclusive.com}}</ref> <ref name="headies">{{Cite web |date=December 29, 2016 |title=Mayorkun Wins 'Rookie of the Year' Award at The Headies 2016 |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/12/mayorkun-wins-rookie-of-the-year-award-at-the-headies-2016/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |website=bellanaija.com}}</ref> kuma an zabe shi a cikin '''Mafi kyawun Sabon Dokar''' a 2016 [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|Nigeria Nishaɗi Awards]] . <ref name="NEA2016">{{Cite web |date=June 16, 2016 |title=Nominations are Here! Find out who Made the 2016 Nigerian Entertainment Awards Nominees List |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/06/nominations-are-here-find-out-who-made-the-2016-nigerian-entertainment-awards-nominees-list/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |website=bellanaija.com}}</ref> <ref name="NEANEWACT">{{Cite web |date=September 5, 2016 |title=Adekunle Gold beats Ycee, Humblesmith to win 'best new act' at 2016 NEA awards |url=http://thenet.ng/adekunle-gold-beats-ycee-humblesmith-to-win-best-new-act-at-2016-nea/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |website=thenet.ng}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Satumba, 2018, ta sami zaɓi na 1 a cikin '''Trailblazer of the Year''' category a 2018 [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards]] . <ref name="NEA2018">{{Cite web |date=September 12, 2018 |title=Wizkid, Davido, Tiwa Savage, Simi top NEA 2018 Nomination |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/09/wizkid-davido-tiwa-savage-simi-top-nea-2018-nomination-full-list/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |website=bellanaija.com}}</ref> == Hotuna == === EP ta === * ''Titin Kan Sako'' (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 4, 2016 |title=Mz Kiss – "Street on the Loose" EP |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/new-mixtape-mz-kiss-street-on-the-loose-ep/psfex5d |access-date=March 13, 2019 |publisher=Pulse NG}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 1, 2016 |title=Female rapper, Mz Kiss drops new mixtape 'Street on the loose' |url=http://thenet.ng/female-rapper-mz-kiss-drops-new-mixtape-street-on-the-loose/ |access-date=March 13, 2019 |publisher=Thenet NG}}</ref> === Marasa aure === * Za ka yi hauka (2012) * Holla a Ni (2013) * Hoto 8 (2013) * Holla a Ni (2013) * Spatacuz (2014) * Owo Meta (2015) * Stopid yana nuna Falz (2015) * Shekarar data gabata (2016) * Ikilo (2016) * Maƙiyin Ci gaba (2016) * Fuji (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 20, 2017 |title=Mz Kiss features dance group Awanjo in 'Fuji' video |url=http://thenet.ng/mz-kiss-features-dance-group-awanjo-fuji-video/}}</ref> * Ijo (2017) * Wawu (2017) <ref name="Mz Kiss Wawu">{{Cite web |date=July 9, 2017 |title=New Video: Mz Kiss – Wawu |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/07/new-video-mz-kiss-wawu/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Bellanaija.com}}</ref> * Sannu a hankali (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Read Latest News, Breaking Stories & Headlines on Okay.ng |url=https://www.okay.ng/music-mz-kiss-slow-down/ }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Merule <small>(wanda ke nuna [[Slim Case]] ) (Tiwezi ne ya samar) (2018)</small> * Gbewa (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 2018 |title=Mz Kiss – "Gbewa" « tooXclusive |url=https://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/mz-kiss-gbewa-new-song/ }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Igara (2018) * Braaa (2019) <ref name="Mz Kiss -Braaa">{{Cite web |date=February 20, 2019 |title=New Music: Mz Kiss – BRAAA |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/02/new-music-mz-kiss-braaa/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |publisher=Bellanaija.com}}</ref> * Farkawa Matasa (2019) <ref>https://latestnews.ng/mz-kiss-youth-wake-up-music/ {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Kamar yadda mai zane ya fito ! Shekara ! Take ! Album |- | rowspan="4" | 2016 | " Korra Obidi " <small>(Kilibe featuring Mz Kiss)</small> | Mara album guda |- | "Koshi" <small>(Dah Ray featuring Mz Kiss)</small> | ''Mara album guda'' |- | "Ma Lo Ro" <small>(TobyGrey featuring Mz Kiss)</small> | ''Mara album guda'' |- | "Sade" <small>(Stars featuring Mz Kiss)</small> | ''Mara album guda'' |- | rowspan="4" | 2017 | "Ba zan tafi Babu Lokaci" <small>(Pepenazi featuring Lucy Q, Phlow & Mz Kiss)</small> |- | "Lambar Daya" <small>(Jenny.O da ke nuna Mayorkun, Dremo & Mz Kizz)</small> |- | "Ba Ni Ƙaunarku" <small>(Flosha featuring Mz Kiss)</small> |- | "Hustle & Pray" <small>( [[Lamboginny]] featuring Mz Kiss)</small> |- | rowspan="8" | 2018 | "Bayyana Rap" <small>(VJ Adams yana nuna Ice Prince, Vector, Sound Sultan, MI & Mz Kiss)</small> |- | "Ya Shapranpran 2.0" <small>(TeeBlaQ featuring Trod & Mz Kiss)</small> |- | "Shempe" <small>(DJ Xclusive yana nuna Slimcase & Mz Kiss)</small> |- | "ShoTiwa Online" <small>(Active Donsun featuring Mz Kiss)</small> |- | "Move" <small>(G Money yana nuna Mz Kiss & Small Doctor)</small> |- | "O Sha Pran Pran 2.0" <small>(TeeBlaq featuring Mz Kiss & T-Rod)</small> |- | "Chase" <small>(Stackz yana nuna Mz Kiss)</small> |- | "Ji Masun" <small>(DJ Faze featuring Mz Kiss & Sound Sultan)</small> |- | rowspan="1" | 2019 | "Jaiye" <small>(KAJ featuring Mz Kiss)</small> |- |} == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Bikin bayar da kyaututtuka ! Kyauta ! Aikin da aka zaɓa/Mai karɓa ! Sakamako ! Ref |- | 2018 | [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards]] | Trailblazer na Shekara | "Kanta"|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 13, 2018 |title=Duncan Mighty Nominated for the 2018 Nigerian Entertainment Awards |url=https://guardian.ng/life/duncan-mighty-nominated-for-the-2018-nigerian-entertainment-awards/ |access-date=March 11, 2019 |website=[[Guardian NG]]}}</ref> |- | 2016 | Headies 2016 | Kyautar Gwarzon Shekara | "Kanta"|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 30, 2016 |title=Mayorkun Wins Rookie of the Year Awards in 2016 Headies |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/music-news/78-musical-news/43673-mayorkun-wins-rookie-of-the-year-awards-in-2016-headies |access-date=March 11, 2019 |website=[[nigeriafilms]] }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- | 2016 | [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards]] | Sabuwar Dokar Mafi Kyau | "Kanta"|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 17, 2016 |title=Stonebwoy, Shatta Wale, Abraham Attah, Sarkodie, others nominated |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/ece-frontpage/nigeria-entertainment-awards-2016-stonebwoy-shatta-wale-abraham-attah-sarkodie-others/np5ddf8 |access-date=March 11, 2019 |website=[[pulse]]}}</ref> |} == Magana == {{reflist|2}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] m8t72unpmgrazg7n3dnk75y9jdwlmny 0 97053 842542 607864 2026-05-29T16:07:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842542 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mausami_Gurung.jpg|thumb|Mausami Gurung yana yin wasan kwaikwayo a Sydney 2011 a Losar, wanda Tamu Samaj ya shirya]] [[Fayil:Mausami_Gurung_and_Deepak_Limbu_in_Sydney_2011.jpg|thumb|Mausami Gurung da Deepak Limbu suna yin wasan kwaikwayo a taron Losar wanda Tamu Samaj Australia ta shirya a 2011]] '''Mausami Gurung''', ([[Nepal]]_language""Nepali language" typeofNepali) sanannen mawaƙi ne, marubucin waƙa na Nepal . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography of Mausami Gurung |url=http://medianp.tv/biography-of-mausami-gurung/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130719185540/http://medianp.tv/biography-of-mausami-gurung/ |archive-date=19 July 2013 |access-date=29 July 2013 |website=MediaNP TV}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=iTunes - Music - Mausami Gurung |url=https://music.apple.com/au/artist/mausami-gurung/327965404 |access-date=11 October 2014 |publisher=[[iTunes]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ekantipur.com : Nepal's No. 1 News Portal |url=http://www.ekantipur.com/2013/02/11/entertainment/a-life-in-notes-and-melodies/366933.html |access-date=11 October 2014 |publisher=Ekantipur.com}}</ref> == Yaronta == Gurung ita ce 'yar fari ta Naina Singh Gurung da Chini Maya Gurung-Ciszar . Tana da 'yan uwa biyu, ɗan'uwa da' yar'uwa. Ta kasance mutum ne mai jin kunya sosai tun tana yarinya. Tana son raira waƙa tun tana yarinya. Ta shiga cikin ayyuka daban-daban na makaranta inda ta taɓa raira waƙar fim din Nepali da ake kira ''Sapana Sapana'' da ''Yo Karma Bhumiko Aaga'' tare da sojoji a Lukhnow, [[Indiya]]. Mahaifinta tsohon jami'in Sojojin Indiya ne. Duk lokacin da ya canja wurin dole ne dukan iyalin su ƙaura tare da shi. == Ilimi == Mausami ta sami ilimin asali daga [[Dehradun]]. Ta kuma sami ilimi daga Makarantar Cibiyar, inda aka sanya yaran mazajen Sojoji. Ta kammala karatunta daga Hukumar U.P. kuma ta kammala karatun ta mafi girma daga [[Indiya]]. == Ayyuka == Daga baya ta zo Nepal a shekara ta 2001 kuma ta koyi kiɗa na tsawon shekaru hudu sannan daga baya ta wuce gwajin murya daga Rediyon Nepal . Babban dalilin da ya sa ta zo Nepal shine ta zama 'yar ƙasa. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin malama a [[Nepal]]. Da take sha'awar waka da rawa, ta fara koyon kiɗa a Gandharva Sangeet Kala Kendra, a lokacin da ta sami damar raira waƙar taken 'Deshai Ramailo' na DB Gurung . Ta fara aikinta na kiɗa tare da kundin "Unforgettable" a ƙarƙashin tutar Dhaulagiri Cassette a Chaitra 2060. Ya haɗa da taken waƙar Parelimai Chhau Ki Kaso da Mero Maan daga kundin wanda ya gabatar da ita tsakanin masu sauraron Nepali da kuma fagen kiɗa. Ta kuma fito da waƙar Ma Nepali tare da Nirnaya Shrestha . Wata waƙarta "Chayngba Oi Chyangba" da ke nuna The Unity Band (Nepal) lambar remix ta zama sananne sosai. Hakazalika ta ba da muryarta mai kyau a cikin "Kanchi Hey Kanchi", "Machi Marana", "Jhumke Phooli" da "Ma Roop Hu" da sauransu. Ta kuma yi waka don fina-finai sama da 14 kamar 'Itihas', 'Jwalamukhi', 'Paley Dai' da 'Aagni' da sauransu. Baya ga filin kiɗa ta kuma fara yin murya don tallace-tallace daban-daban kamar Fair & Lovely, Dabur, Rajhans, Pepsodent da Frooti da sauransu. Ciki har da Nepal, ta yi wasan kwaikwayo na kai tsaye a kasashe da yawa kamar Belzium, Hong Kong, New York, United Kingdom da sauransu. An ƙaddamar da kundin ta Mahasus a cikin 2012. Waƙoƙi kamar "Sheetal Sheetal" da "Naya Mausam Cha" sun sami amsa mai kyau a kasuwa. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Mausami ta auri Resham Gurung . A ranar 11 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2014 an gano ta da Ciwon ƙwaƙwalwa bayan ta koka game da dizziness da ciwon kai. An ci gaba da tiyata cikin sauri kuma an yi nasara ko da yake ba a bayyana kumburi a matsayin barazana ga rayuwa ba. Likitan ya ba da shawarar watanni da yawa na hutawa da kuma dakatar da raira waƙa don samun cikakkiyar warkewa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 March 2014 |title=Singer Mausami Gurung went through surgery to remove brain tumor |url=http://xnepali.net/movies/singer-mausami-gurung-went-through-surgery-to-remove-brain-tumor/ |access-date=11 October 2014 |website=Xnepal.com |archive-date=18 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018015244/http://xnepali.net/movies/singer-mausami-gurung-went-through-surgery-to-remove-brain-tumor/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 March 2014 |title=Mausami Gurung Successful Brain Tumor Operation |url=http://dhamaalnepal.com/mausami-gurung-succesful-brain-tumor-operation/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018162008/http://dhamaalnepal.com/mausami-gurung-succesful-brain-tumor-operation/ |archive-date=18 October 2014 |access-date=11 October 2014 |website=Dhamaa Nepal}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2014 |title=Mausami Gurung struggling with brain tumor |url=http://nepaltoronto.com/2014/03/19/mausami-gurung-struggling-with-brain-tumor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016220644/http://nepaltoronto.com/2014/03/19/mausami-gurung-struggling-with-brain-tumor/ |archive-date=16 October 2014 |access-date=11 October 2014 |website=Nepal Toronto.com}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Kyautar Kiɗa ta FM * Kyautar Hoton FM * Kantipur FM == Kundin kiɗa == * ''Ba za a iya mantawa da shi ba'' * ''Pal'' * ''Mahasus'' == Waƙoƙin Mausami Gurung == * ''Chorera Lagyo'' * ''Launa lai Sake Maya'' * ''Aaja Timi'' * ''Nepali na'' * ''Parelimai Chhau Ki Kaso'' * ''Machhi Marana'' * ''Ruwa na Hu''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mausami Gurung - Nepalicollections.com:: A window to nepali world.. |url=http://www.nepalicollections.com/artist.php?id=136 |access-date=11 October 2014 |publisher=Nepalicollections.com |archive-date=16 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016062216/http://www.nepalicollections.com/artist.php?id=136 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Gidan zama == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] pgplqhrynw74b8hf69jeks4fh4dh7fy 0 97740 843012 638079 2026-05-30T05:37:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843012 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nakato Kyabangi Katusiime''' (an haife ta a ranar 23 ga watan Disamba 1972) 'yar siyasar ƙasar [[Uganda]] ce kuma tsohuwar 'yar majalisa (MP) mai wakiltar Gomba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=EveryPolitician: Uganda - Parliament - 9th Parliament |url=https://everypolitician.org/uganda/parliament/term-table/9.html |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=EveryPolitician |archive-date=2022-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006082731/https://everypolitician.org/uganda/parliament/term-table/9.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ita ce mace 'yar majalisar dokokin Uganda ta 9 mai alaka da jam'iyyar National Resistance Movement (NRM). <ref>{{Cite web |title=EveryPolitician: Uganda - Parliament - 9th Parliament |url=https://everypolitician.org/uganda/parliament/term-table/9.html |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=EveryPolitician |archive-date=2022-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006082731/https://everypolitician.org/uganda/parliament/term-table/9.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tana cikin 'yan majalisar da aka bai wa lambar yabo ta Golden Jubilee a ranar 9 ga watan Oktoba 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://eagle.co.ug/2016/09/22/besigye-byanyimas-generals-oyite-ojok-rwigyema-parliament-medal-list/ |title=OCTOBER 9TH 1962 – OCTOBER 9TH 2012 MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT TO BE AWARDED GOLDEN JUBILEE MEDALS |access-date=2025-03-26 |archive-date=2024-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403194553/https://eagle.co.ug/2016/09/22/besigye-byanyimas-generals-oyite-ojok-rwigyema-parliament-medal-list/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gomba MP jailed over sh79m debt |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/undefined |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sserunjogi |first=Eriasa Mukiibi |title=Ugandan MPs drown in debt |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2014/9/3/ugandan-mps-drown-in-debt |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-09 |title=Would bringing back Constituency Development Fund save MPs? |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/would-bringing-back-constituency-development-fund-save-mps--1592552 |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> == Aikin siyasa == A lokacin zaɓukan ƙasa na shekarar 2011, Ms Nakato Kyabangi ta lashe mazaɓar mata ta gundumar Gomba, a jam'iyyar siyasa ta National Resistance Movement mai mulki.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.elections.co.ug/new-vision/election/1417394/uganda-elections-2016-provisional-parliamentary-results |title=Administrator (17 February 2016). "List of elected Members of Parliament In 2016". ''New Vision''. Kampala |access-date=26 March 2025 |archive-date=24 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324123611/http://www.elections.co.ug/new-vision/election/1417394/uganda-elections-2016-provisional-parliamentary-results |url-status=dead }}</ref> A yayin zaɓen fidda gwani na jam'iyyar NRM, Nakato Kyabangi ta sha kaye a hannun Nayebale yayin da ta samu kuri'u 9,297 sannan Nayebale ta samu kuri'u 21,835.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.elections.co.ug/new-vision/election/1417394/uganda-elections-2016-provisional-parliamentary-results |title=Administrator (17 February 2016). "List of elected Members of Parliament In 2016". ''New Vision''. Kampala |access-date=26 March 2025 |archive-date=24 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324123611/http://www.elections.co.ug/new-vision/election/1417394/uganda-elections-2016-provisional-parliamentary-results |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gomba MP jailed over sh79m debt |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/undefined |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sserunjogi |first=Eriasa Mukiibi |title=Ugandan MPs drown in debt |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2014/9/3/ugandan-mps-drown-in-debt |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-09 |title=Would bringing back Constituency Development Fund save MPs? |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/would-bringing-back-constituency-development-fund-save-mps--1592552 |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> == Rigingimu da batutuwan shari'a == A cikin shekarar 2014, Nakato Kyabangi Katusiime ta fuskanci sakamakon shari'a saboda wani babban bashi da ke bin Kenroy Investments (U) Ltd. Bashin ya kai UGX miliyan 79 (kimanin dalar Amurka 22,000 a lokacin).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gomba MP jailed over sh79m debt |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/undefined |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sserunjogi |first=Eriasa Mukiibi |title=Ugandan MPs drown in debt |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2014/9/3/ugandan-mps-drown-in-debt |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-09 |title=Would bringing back Constituency Development Fund save MPs? |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/would-bringing-back-constituency-development-fund-save-mps--1592552 |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Duk da umarnin kotu da kuma sammacin kama ta da aka yi mata ba ta bi ba. Sakamakon haka, babbar kotun manyan laifuka ta yanke mata hukuncin zaman gidan yari na farar hula. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gomba MP jailed over sh79m debt |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/undefined |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sserunjogi |first=Eriasa Mukiibi |title=Ugandan MPs drown in debt |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2014/9/3/ugandan-mps-drown-in-debt |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-09 |title=Would bringing back Constituency Development Fund save MPs? |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/would-bringing-back-constituency-development-fund-save-mps--1592552 |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin Uganda na tara * Sylvia Nayebale == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] qc54cflpwk91hsh9tps3sxgoi4pojfu 0 97960 842909 744582 2026-05-30T02:10:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Muriel Fox''' (an haife shi a watan Fabrairu 3, shekara ta 1928) babbar jami'ar hulda da jama'a ce 'yar Amurka kuma mai fafutukar hakkin mata.<ref name="harvard1"/> == Yarantaka da ilimi == Iyayen Muriel Fox sune Anne Rubenstein Fox da M. Morris Fox.<ref name="harvard1"/> A cikin shekara ta 1980, Muriel ta bada labari (a taron Ranar Uwa don fafutukar Daidaita Haƙƙin Daidaitawa) cewa babban abinda ya ƙarfafa mata gwiwa wajen gwagwarmayar hakkin mata shine rashin jin daɗin mahaifiyarta na zama matar gida.<ref name="VFA"/> Tana da ɗan’uwa Jerry, wanda ya mutu a shekara ta 1988 yana ɗan shekara 55.<ref name="VFA" /> Ta kammala karatu daga Weequahic High School a 1945.<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Weequahic High School Alumni Association &#124; Picture Gallery |url=http://weequahicalumni.org/picture-gallery/?wppa-album=45&wppa-slide&wppa-occur=1&wppa-photo=634 |access-date=2018-02-21 |publisher=Weequahicalumni.org}}</ref> Ta kammala karatun ''summa cum laude'' da ''Phi Beta Kappa'' daga Kwalejin Barnard a 1948, bayan ta koma can daga Kwalejin Rollins.<ref name="VFA"/> == Sana'a == Bayan ta sauke karatu daga kwalejin ta yi aiki a matsayin marubuciyar talla ta Sears Roebuck a New York, sannan a matsayin mai tallata Tom Jefferson & Associates a Miami, Florida, inda ta jagoranci yakin neman sake zaben Dade County na Sanata Claude Pepper kuma ta taimaka wajen zaben magajin garin Miami William M. Wolfarth. A shekara ta 1950, ta nemi aiki a Carl Byoir & Associates, wacce a lokacin ita ce babbar hukumar hulda da jama'a ta duniya, amma mataimakin shugaban hukumar ya ki amincewa da shi, wanda ya ce, "Ba ma daukar mata marubuta."<ref name="VFA"/> A cikin wannan shekarar, an ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin mai talla a cikin Carl Byoir & Associates' Rediyo-TV Sashen.<ref name="VFA" /> A shekara ta 1952, ta kasance shugabar wannan sashe, kuma a 1956 ta zama mataimakiyar shugaban hukumar mafi ƙanƙanta.<ref name="VFA" /> Daga nan sai aka gaya mata cewa "ta ci gaba gwargwadon yadda za ta iya saboda shugabannin kamfanoni ba za su iya dangantaka da mata ba."<ref name="VFA" /> Sai a shekarun 1970s ta zama Mataimakin Shugaban Hukumar.<ref name="VFA" /> An bayyana ta a cikin jerin Manyan Matan Kamfanoni 100 na ''Mujallar Kasuwanci'' a watan Yunin shekara ta 1976 a matsayin "mace mafi girma a cikin dangantakar jama'a."<ref name="VFA" /> A cikin shekara ta 1985, ta yi ritaya daga hukumar.<ref name="VFA" /> Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugabar reshen Byoir ByMedia (koyarwar sadarwa) da ByMart (ƙananan asusu). Ta kuma yi aiki a kwamitin Rorer Pharmaceuticals daga shekara ta 1979 zuwa shekara ta 1993, tana shugabantar kwamitin zaɓe, da kuma kwamitin gudanarwa na Kamfanin Inshorar Mutual na Harleysville daga 1976 zuwa 2000, tana shugabantar kwamitin bincikenta. <ref name="VFA"/> == Ƙaunar mata == A cikin shekarun 1965–68, ita da Sanata Maurine Neuberger sun jagoranci tawagar mataimakin Shugaban Kasa Hubert Humphrey akan Bukatun Mata. <ref name="VFA">{{Cite web |date= |title=Murial Fox VFA Fabulous Feminist |url=http://www.vfa.us/Muriel%20Fox.htm |access-date=2018-02-21 |publisher=Vfa.us |archive-date=2017-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326223838/http://www.vfa.us/Muriel%20Fox.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekara ta 1966, ta kafa kungiyar mata ta kasa (NOW), kuma ita ce babbar shugabar Betty Friedan kuma darektan ayyuka a farkon shekarunta. <ref name="autogenerated3">{{Cite web |last=Goldsmith |first=Allyson |date=2014-02-09 |title=Honoring Our Founders and Pioneers &#124; National Organization for Women |url=http://now.org/about/history/honoring-our-founders-pioneers/ |access-date=2015-05-05 |publisher=Now.org}}</ref> <ref name="FeministsWho2006"/> Ta kuma taimaka gyara ainihin Maganar Manufar NOW (1966). <ref name="statementofpurpose">{{Cite web |title=The National Organization for Women's 1966 Statement of Purpose |url=http://www.now.org/history/purpos66.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902232426/http://www.now.org/history/purpos66.html |archive-date=2011-09-02 |access-date=2013-10-29 |publisher=National Organization for Women}}</ref> <ref name="FeministsWho2006" /> A cikin shekara ta 1967, ta shirya babin New York na NOW, kuma ta kafa kuma ta shirya wasiƙar farko ta ƙasa (1970–1971). <ref name="FeministsWho2006" /> Ita ce shugabar hulda da jama'a na YANZU kuma daga ƙarshe ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar NOW (1967-1970), shugabar hukumarta (1971-1973), kuma shugabar kwamitin ba da shawara ta ƙasa (1973-1974). <ref name="harvard1">{{Cite web |date=1928-02-03 |title=Fox, Muriel, 1928- . Papers of NOW officer Muriel Fox, 1966–1971: A Finding Aid |url=http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~sch00253 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703074213/http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~sch00253 |archive-date=2018-07-03 |access-date=2018-02-21 |publisher=Oasis.lib.harvard.edu}}</ref> <ref name="FeministsWho2006" /> A cikin shekara ta 1975, ta shirya taro mai nasara tsakanin jami'an NOW da abokin ciniki na Byoir ''Sesame Street'', wanda ya jagoranci shirin kauracewa YANZU yayin da kuma ya haifar da ƙara yawan shigar mata a kan wasan kwaikwayo na TV mai tasiri. <ref name="FeministsWho2006" /> Allison Wolfe da 'yar uwarta Cindy an haife su tagwaye iri ɗaya a [[Memphis, Tennessee]], ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, shekara ta 1969. Tare da 'yar'uwarsu Molly, sun girma a Olympia, Washington. Iyayensu sun sake aure sa’ad da suke yara ƙanana, kuma mahaifiyarsu, Pat Shively ta rene su. 'Yar mace mai tsattsauran ra'ayi da 'yar madigo mai bayyana kanta, Shively ta kafa Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Mata ta Eastside ta Olympia a cikin shekara ta 1981. Ita ce asibitin mata na farko a gundumar Thurston, <ref name="RadioCPR2006" /> kuma a cikin shekaru ashirin na aikin Shively shine makasudin zanga-zangar hana zubar da ciki. <ref name="Olympian2005" /> Zanga-zangar na iya zama da ban tsoro: Mahaifiyar Wolfe ta jimre da zagi da zagi, kuma barazanar kisa ta tilasta mata zuwa asibiti dauke da makamai da sanye da rigar harsashi. <ref name="Olympian2005" /> (An lalata EWHC a cikin wuta a cikin shekara ta 2005, wanda har yanzu ba a san shi ba ya kafa arsonist.) <ref name="Olympian2005" /> Pat Shively ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ovarian a watan Fabrairu, shekara ta 2000, <ref name="Olympian2005" /> kuma Wolfe ya ba da ita a matsayin tasiri na rayuwa, samfurin mata na mata "kusan ya yi girma don rayuwa har zuwa." <ref name="RadioCPR2006" />Ta kasance co-kafa a 1974, da kuma na biyu shugaba a 1976-78, na Women's Forum of New York, wata kungiya ta fitattun mata da manufar da aka bayyana a farko shi ne don "hada mata masu nasara daban-daban da kuma samar musu da dandalin musayar ra'ayi da kwarewa. al'umma." <ref name="VFA"/> <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=History – Women's Forum of New York |url=https://www.womensforumny.org/index.cfm/history/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222044844/https://www.womensforumny.org/index.cfm/history/ |archive-date=2018-02-22 |access-date=2018-02-21 |publisher=Womensforumny.org}}</ref> Tun daga shekara ta 1993, ta jagoranci kwamitin tsoffin 'yan mata na Amurka; a gare su ta shirya tare da jagorantar tarurruka irin su gaisuwa ga marubutan mata da kuma gaisuwarsu ga masu fasaha na mata. <ref name="FeministsWho2006"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=.us.org |url=https://us.org/ |website=us.org}}</ref> Ta kasance Babban Edita na littafin ''Feminists Who Changed America'' (2006). <ref name="Love2006">{{Cite book|last=Barbara Love}}</ref> Ta tara miliyoyin daloli don dalilai na mata. <ref name="FeministsWho2006">{{Cite book|last=Barbara Love}}</ref> Ta yi lacca a duk faɗin duniya kan batun mata da kuma "Motsa Mata Sama Matsayin Ƙungiya," da sauran batutuwa. A cikin jawabai sau da yawa ta bukaci matan da suka yi nasara su yi watsi da tsohuwar matsayinsu ta "Sarauniya Bee" a duniyar namiji. Maganar da ta fi yawan magana ita ce kira da ta yi kira ga matan da suka yi nasara su ce, "Eh, ni mai son mata ne." <ref name="FeministsWho2006"/> A cikin shekaru 94 ta rubuta ''Juyin Juyin Mata: Yadda Muka Canza Rayuwarku'', wanda New Village Press ya buga, Yuni 18, 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2024 |title=NOW Co-Founder Muriel Fox's Memoir is 'Momentum for a New Revolution' |url=https://msmagazine.com/2024/06/14/muriel-fox-national-organization-for-women-qa/}}</ref> == Ganewa == A cikin shekara ta 1977, ta sami lambar yabo ta Matrix daga Matan New York a cikin Sadarwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Matrix Awards Hall of Fame |url=https://nywici.org/matrix-awards-hall-of-fame/}}</ref> A shekara ta 1979, ita ce mace ta farko da ta samu lambar yabo ta shugabar kasuwanci ta shekara, kuma a shekara ta 1983, ta samu lambar yabo ta Nasara daga kungiyar ‘Alliance for Women in Media’, wacce a lokacin ake kiranta da matan Amurka a gidan rediyo da talabijin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2021 |title=History |url=https://allwomeninmedia.org/about/history/}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1985, ta sami lambar yabo ta Alumna Award daga Kwalejin Barnard. Ta kuma zama farkon mai karɓar lambar yabo ta [[Eleanor Roosevelt]] ta Jihar New York NOW. <ref name="VFA"/> A cikin shekara ta 1991, Asusun Tsaro da Ilimi na NOW ya ƙirƙiri lambar yabo ta Muriel Fox Award don Jagorancin Sadarwa ga Adalci Society, wanda kuma ake kira "Foxy"; Muriel Fox shine farkon mai karɓa. <ref name="VFA"/> A cikin 1996, Asusun ya ba ta lambar yabo ta "Gwarzonmu" "Don Tsawon Rayuwar Rayuwa ga Dalili na Daidaiton Mata." A cikin shekara ta 1997, ta sami lambar yabo ta Caroline Lexow Babcock daga Rockland County NOW. A cikin shekara ta 2008, ta sami lambar yabo ta Jama'a Mai Girma daga Tsarin Iyali na County Rockland, Kyautar Mace ta Cimma Kyauta daga Wings Club, da Mace ga Kyautar Mata daga Jihar New York NOW. <ref name="VFA"/> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta lashe kyautar NOW's Woman of Vision Award. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 April 2016 |title=Conference Honorees and Speakers - National Organization for Women |url=https://now.org/about/conference2016/conference-speakers-and-honorees/}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Oktoba,shekara ta 2014 Gloria Steinem ta ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasarar Rayuwa ta Veteran Feminists of America a cikin wani abincin rana a Harvard Club a Midtown Manhattan, wanda ke nuna bayyanuwa ta mata Eve Ensler, Rosie O'Donnell, Marlo Thomas da Carol Jenkins . An nuna Fox a cikin fim ɗin tarihin mata ''ta Kyakkyawar Lokacin da Tayi Fushi'' (2014). <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Women |url=http://www.shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com/women/ |publisher= |access-date=2025-03-28 |archive-date=2019-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219192734/http://www.shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com/women |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=The Film – She's Beautiful When She's Angry |url=http://www.shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com/the-film/ |access-date=2017-04-28 |publisher=Shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com |archive-date=2019-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190811001945/http://www.shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com/the-film |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="Huffington">{{Cite web |date=2014-12-15 |title={{'}}''She's Beautiful When She's Angry''{{'}} Tells The Feminist History Left Out Of Your School Textbook |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/12/05/shes-beautiful-when-shes-angry_n_6278698.html |access-date=2017-03-04 |website=The Huffington Post}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2017, an shigar da ita cikin Zauren Fame na PRWeek. <ref>{{Cite web |title=PRWeek unveils 2017 Hall of Fame class |url=https://www.prweek.com/article/1444540/prweek-unveils-2017-hall-fame-class}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2018, an shigar da ita cikin Babban Taron Shugabannin Mata na Rockland. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rockland Women Leaders Hall of Fame |url=https://www.centerforsafetyandchange.org/rwhof/}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2019, ta sami lambar yabo ta Elly daga Dandalin Mata na New York. <ref>{{Cite web |title=MURILE-9th ANNUAL ELLY AWARDS L |url=https://www.smiw.media/murielfox-9th-annual-elly-awards }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2024, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Lifetime Champion Honoree ta hanyar Legal Momentum, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin shugaba, mataimakin shugaban kasa, da kuma shugaban hukumar gudanarwar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aiming High 2024 Honorees &#124; Biographies &#124; Legal Momentum |url=https://www.legalmomentum.org/aiming-high-2024-honorees-biographies}}</ref> A watan Mayu 2024, ta sami lambar yabo ta Clara Lemlich ; Kyautar Clara Lemlich "girmama matan da suka yi aiki don ci gaban rayuwarsu gaba ɗaya, a cikin al'adar waɗanda suka haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa bayan gobarar masana'antar Triangle Shirtwaist fiye da shekaru ɗari da suka gabata". An jera ta a cikin ''Wanene Wane A Amurka,'' ''Wanene Wanene A Duniya,'' ''Manyan Mata na ƙarni na Ashirin,'' ''Wanene Na Matan Amurkawa,'' da ''Matan Mata waɗanda suka Canja Amurka,'' na ƙarshe wanda Barbara Love ta shirya. <ref name="FeministsWho2006"/> "Takardu na NOW jami'in Muriel Fox, 1966-1971" yana cikin ɗakin karatu na Arthur da Elizabeth Schlesinger akan Tarihin Mata a Amurka, Cibiyar Radcliffe don Advanced Study, [[Jami'ar Harvard]] . <ref name="harvard1"/> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ta auri Dr. Shepard G. Aronson a 1955. <ref name="VFA"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.makers.com/profiles/591f267c6c3f64643955862e Muriel Fox hira a makers.com] * [http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:RAD.SCHL:sch00253 Takardun jami'an NOW, 1966-1971.] [http://radcliffe.harvard.edu/schlesinger-library Makarantar Schlesinger], Cibiyar Radcliffe, Jami'ar Harvard. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1928]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ai8sa48ac1g5b91jr7xltnqw926g6ku 0 101002 842813 733593 2026-05-29T21:32:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 8 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mohamed Rahmoune''' (1940 - 4 ga watan Fabrairu 2022), wanda aka fi sani da '''Si Rabah''' ko kuma kawai a matsayin '''Rahmoune''', ya kasance fitaccen jagoran juyin juya hali a lokacin [[Yaƙin Aljeriya|yakin neman 'yancin kai na Aljeriya]] a matsayin memba na Front de Liberation Nationale (FLN; National Liberation Front) wanda ya kaddamar da tawaye ɗauke da makamai a duk faɗin [[Aljeriya]] tare da fitar da sanarwar kira ga ƙasar [[Aljeriya]] mai cin gashin kanta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-06 |title=وزير المجاهدين يعزي في وفاة المجاهد رابح رحمون |url=https://www.aps.dz/ar/algerie/120842 |access-date=2022-09-04 |publisher=Aps.dz}}</ref> <ref name="auto2">{{Cite web |date= |title=Le ministre des Moudjahidines présente ses condoléances suite au décès du moudjahid Rabah Rahmoune |url=https://www.aps.dz/algerie/135156 |access-date=2022-09-04 |publisher=Aps.dz}}</ref> == Ilimi == An haifi Rahmoune a shekara ta 1940 a ƙauyen [[Soumâa]], mai kilo mita53&nbsp;km gabas da birnin [[Aljir|Algiers]], cikin dangin marabuti kabyle sun fito ne daga [[malikiyya]] kuma masanin tauhidin [[Sufiyya|sufi]] [[Sidi Boushaki]] (1394-1453). <ref>{{Cite web |title=الضوء اللامع لأهل القرن التاسع |url=http://archive.org/details/Dawou_Lami |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=شجرة النور الزكية في طبقات المالكية - محمد مخلوف ( نسخة واضحة ومنسقة ) |url=http://archive.org/details/chajarat-annour |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Haihuwarsa a tsakiyar [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]] yana nufin kawar da rayuwar farar hula a Faransa Aljeriya da kuma kafa jihar ban da tare da dakatar da halartar kawunsa [[Mohamed Seghir Boushaki]] (1869-1959) a cikin cogwheels na mulkin mallaka a matsayin mai ba da shawara kuma wakilin al'ummar Aljeriya. <ref name="auto3">{{Cite web |title=Le ministre des Moudjahidines présente ses condoléances suite au décès du moudjahid Rabah Rahmoune |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/apsfr/535156 |website=Djazairess}}</ref> Duk da wannan yanayi na ban mamaki, ya fara karatu a shekarar 1945 tare da ɗan uwansa Djilali hukunce-hukuncen [[Alqur'ani mai girma|kur'ani]] da [[Larabci|harshen larabci]] a cikin [[Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki]] kamar sauran 'yan uwansa, ƙarƙashin kulawa da kulawar mufti [[Rahmaniyya]] da muqaddam Ali Boushaki (1855-1965) tare da sauran malamai da malamai [[Brahim Boushaki|Brahim.]] (1912-1997). <ref>{{Cite web |title=ولاية بومرداس: وفاة الأمين الولائي لمنظمة المجاهدين رحمون رابح. |url=https://bak-press.dz/site/news/s/https%3A%2F%2Fbak-press.dz%2Fsite%2Fnews%2Fs%2F8725 |website=بـــاك برس }}{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Zaouïa of Sidi Boushaki |url=http://wikimapia.org/39601305/Zaou%C3%AFa-of-Sidi-Boushaki |website=wikimapia.org}}</ref> Kisan gillar da aka yi a watan Mayun 1945, a nasu ɓangaren, a ƙarshe, ya tabbatar da hukuncin da aka yi wa dutsen Aljeriya da mazauna karkara cewa tsarin shiga zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi ba zai iya kawar da [[Hakkokin Jama'a Da Na Siyasa|hakkin farar hula da na siyasa]] ba tun bayan zaɓen shekara ta 1920 a Aljeriya, kuma hakan ya kasance tun lokacin da Mohamed Rahmoune ya haɗe tun yana ƙarami a cikin wani yanayi da kawai ya ga 'yancin kai da makamai suka tarwatsa a hannun tsararrakinsa. <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |title="Le camp de torture Haouch Goutier, témoin des atrocités de l'occupant" |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lnr/270731 |website=Djazairess |access-date=2025-05-30 |archive-date=2021-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206105309/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lnr/270731 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Montagne Thala Oufella (Soumâa) de Thénia |url=http://wikimapia.org/31120095/fr/Montagne-Thala-Oufella-Soum%C3%A2a-de-Th%C3%A9nia |website=wikimapia.org}}</ref> Daga cikin 'yan uwansa na kurkusa waɗanda suka zaburar da shi a [[Soumâa]] da kishin ƙasa da kishin ƙasa har da ɗan uwansa [[Yahia Boushaki]] (1935-1960) wanda ya ɗauki nauyinsa kuma ya tallafa masa tun a shekarar 1951 don shirya shi don ɗaukar matakai masu tsauri na tayar da ƙayar baya a kan sojojin Faransa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 May 2016 |title=Si la torture nous était contée .... |url=https://lequotidienalgerie.org/2016/05/10/si-la-torture-nous-etait-contee/ |access-date=30 May 2025 |archive-date=29 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829150355/http://lequotidienalgerie.org/2016/05/10/si-la-torture-nous-etait-contee/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Yakin kwatar 'Yanci == Tun bayan bullar [[Yaƙin Aljeriya|juyin juya halin Aljeriya]] a lokacin yana ɗan shekara 14 kacal, ya kasance cikin shiri sosai a siyasance da ta zahiri don shiga cikin mayaka da jajanta wa mayaƙan Aljeriya a kan sojojin maƙiya da nufin kawar da tsarin mulkin mallaka na Faransa daga ƙasar Aljeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=شهادات مُفجعة عن انتهاكات مروّعة لحقوق الإنسان |url=https://www.djazairess.com/akhbarelyoum/225204 |website=جزايرس |access-date=2025-05-30 |archive-date=2022-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417085852/https://www.djazairess.com/akhbarelyoum/225204 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=L'histoire d'une région martyrisée |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/liberte/353574 |website=Djazairess |access-date=2025-05-30 |archive-date=2021-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206185520/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/liberte/353574 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Les camps de tortures à Boumerdès, un autre témoin de la barbarie du colonisateur |url=https://www.aps.dz/regions/96610-les-camps-de-tortures-a-boumerdes-un-autre-temoin-de-la-barbarie-du-colonisateur |access-date=2022-09-04 |publisher=Aps.dz}}</ref> Amma bayan shirya taron Soummam a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, 1956, da tsarin juyin juya hali na ƙasar Aljeriya, an damka matakin ɗaukar makami ga masu haɗa kan Mohamed da ya haura shekaru 16 don tayar da fitina don ci gaba da kai hari kan muradun mulkin mallaka a garuruwa, irin su [[Thénia]] (tsohon Méner 3 kawai)&nbsp;km arewa da ƙauyen sa na [[Soumâa]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=مركز التعذيب "غوتيي"..شاهد على فظاعة الاستعمار |url=https://www.djazairess.com/elmassa/142106 |website=جزايرس |access-date=2025-05-30 |archive-date=2022-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417085834/https://www.djazairess.com/elmassa/142106 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2016 |title=BOUMERDES: L'histoire de la révolution algérienne revisitée |url=http://dzayer24.com/boumerdes-l-histoire-de-la-revolution-algerienne-revisitee-569dc4c4ac2e4cda2b8b48a2-a |website=DZAYER24}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=BOUMERDES: L'histoire de la révolution algérienne revisitée |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lqo/5223843 |website=Djazairess |access-date=2025-05-30 |archive-date=2021-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207040804/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lqo/5223843 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Don haka, ya shiga tare da ɗan uwansa Bouzid Boushaki, wajen dasa bom a ofishin gidan waya a tsakiyar Thénia a shekara ta 1956, da kuma ayyukan zagon ƙasa iri-iri a yankunan noma na 'yan mulkin mallaka da ke kewayen wannan birni mai mahimmanci na layin dogo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 1948 |title=Alger républicain / directeur Pascal Pia |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bd6t584691c |website=Gallica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 1950 |title=Alger républicain / directeur Pascal Pia |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bd6t585286x |website=Gallica}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-29 |title=معتقل "حوش قوتي" بسوق الحد (بومرداس ) : شاهد على انتهاك المحتل لأدمية الإنسان |url=https://www.aps.dz/ar/regions/49053-2017-10-29-11-05-35 |access-date=2022-09-04 |publisher=Aps.dz}}</ref> Bayan da ɗan uwansa Djilali Rahmoune ya rasu a matsayin shahidi ([[Shahidi|shahid]]) a fagen girmamawa a shekarar 1957, ya shiga sahun rundunar sojojin 'yantar da ƙasa (ALN) a gunduma ta uku, yankin farko, a wilaya ta huɗu na tarihi, inda ya halarci yakoki da dama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-15 |title=معتقل الاستنطاق "حوش قوتي" بسوق الحد: تأخر ترحيل القاطنين يرهن تحويله إلى معلم تذكاري |url=https://www.aps.dz/ar/societe/82410-2020-01-15-15-03-56 |access-date=2022-09-04 |publisher=Aps.dz}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=بومرداس : تأخر ترحيل قاطني معتقل "حوش قوتي" يعرقل تحويله لمعلم تذكاري &#124; يومية الاتحاد الجزائرية |url=https://www.elitihadcom.dz/بومرداس-تأخر-ترحيل-قاطني-معتقل-حوش-قو/ |access-date=16 August 2023}}</ref> == Kurkuku == [[Fayil:Ferme_Gautier.jpg|thumb| Ferme Gauthier]] Bayan shiga wani harin kwantan ɓauna da sojojin Faransa suka yi a shekara ta 1957 a kusa da garin Beni Amrane, an kama Mujahid Rahmoune tare da wasu sojojin da suka tsira don kai su sansanin azabtarwa da cin zarafi na Ferme Gauthier da ke arewacin garin Souk El-Had. <ref>{{Cite web |title=شاهد على بشاعة جرائم الاستعمار في حق المجاهدين والمدنيّين العزل |url=https://www.djazairess.com/echchaab/200718 |website=جزايرس |access-date=2025-05-30 |archive-date=2021-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105202435/https://www.djazairess.com/echchaab/200718 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=نحو تحويل معتقل التعذيب "حوش قوتي" ببلدية سوق الحد إلى معلم تذكاري |url=https://www.djazairess.com/essalam/131831 |website=جزايرس |access-date=2025-05-30 |archive-date=2021-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205172546/https://www.djazairess.com/essalam/131831 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-10 |title=المساء - مركز التعذيب "غوتيي"..شاهد على فظاعة الاستعمار |url=https://el-massa.com/dz/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B0%D9%8A%D8%A8-%C2%AB%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%8A%C2%BB-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%81%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1 |access-date=2022-09-04 |publisher=El-massa.com}}</ref> Daga nan sai aka gana masa azaba ta hanyar wutar lantarki da munanan raunuka yayin da aka binne shi tare da ɗan uwansa Bouzid Boushaki a cikin ramukan rumbun ruwan wannan giyar da masu azabtarwa Scarfo da Mathieu suka mayar da shi sansanin taro da kisan gilla. <ref name="auto1"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=مديرية المجاهدين تشرع في تصوير مركز التعذيب "حوش قوتي" بسوق الحد |url=https://www.djazairess.com/echchaab/96645 |website=جزايرس |access-date=2025-05-30 |archive-date=2021-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207082513/https://www.djazairess.com/echchaab/96645 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="auto4">{{Cite web |title=Si la torture nous était contée …. |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lequotidien/34647 |website=Djazairess |access-date=2025-05-30 |archive-date=2022-04-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220410131300/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/lequotidien/34647 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yayin da yawancin fursunonin da ake tsare da su a wannan mugunyar wurin azabtarwa suka shiga cikin azaba da cin zarafi da aka yi musu, aka boye gawarwakinsu da gawarwakinsu a cikin rijiyoyi ko kuma a jefa su cikin ruwan kogin Isser, an kai Rahmoune bayan wasu makonni na azabtarwa zuwa gidan yari na Serkadji da ke [[Casbah na Algiers]] tare da shugabannin yankin na juyin juya hali don gurfanar da su a gaban kotu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-30 |title=مراكز التعذيب ببومرداس شاهدة على وحشية الاستعمار وانتهاكه لآدمية الإنسان الجزائري |url=https://www.aps.dz/ar/regions/78828-2019-10-30-15-04-30 |access-date=2022-09-04 |publisher=Aps.dz}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-10-31 |title=المساء - مركز "غوتتيه" لتعذيب المجاهدين.. يشهد على فظاعة الاستعمار |url=https://www.el-massa.com/dz/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2-%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%87-%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B0%D9%8A%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%81%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1 |access-date=2022-09-04 |publisher=El-massa.com}}</ref> <ref name="auto4"/> == Guduwa == [[Fayil:Les_six_wilayas_de_l'ALN.(guerre_d'Algérie)_1958.jpg|thumb| A lokacin [[Yaƙin Aljeriya|juyin juya halin Aljeriya]] .]] Rahmoune ya samu nasarar tserewa daga gidan yarin Boghar a shekarar 1959 tare da wasu mayaka mujahidai guda huɗu, kuma hakan ne bayan ya murmure bayan yakin 1957 da kuma nau’ukan azaba da ya sha. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-06 |title=وزير المجاهدين يعزي في وفاة المجاهد رابح رحمون |url=https://www.aps.dz/ar/algerie/120842-2022-02-06-15-40-33 |access-date=2022-09-04 |publisher=Aps.dz}}</ref> Bayan ya tsallaka rafin Chahbounia tare da abokansa, sojojin dakarun juyin juya hali na Aljeriya (ALN) suka ɗauke shi zuwa hedikwatar wilaya ta tarihi ta huɗu don ganawa da Kanar M'Hamed Bougarra (1928-1959) wanda ya naɗa Rahmoune a matsayin sakataren soji a yankin farko na wannan wilaya mai tarihi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ولاية بومرداس: وفاة الأمين الولائي لمنظمة المجاهدين رحمون رابح. |url=https://bak-press.dz/site/news/s/8725/https%3A%2F%2Fbak-press.dz%2Fsite%2Fnews%2Fs%2F8725%2F |website=بـــاك برس}}{{Dead link|date=July 2024}}</ref> Daga nan sai ya buƙaci kwamandan juyin juya hali da ya tura shi yankin [[Sour El Ghozlane]] (tsohon Aumale) wanda ya san shi sosai kuma yana da alaka mai karfi a cikin juyin juya hali, inda ya ci gaba da yunkurinsa na kawo cikas ga turawa da sojojin Faransa. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=وزير المجاهدين يعزي في وفاة المجاهد رابح رحمون |url=https://www.djazairess.com/aps/520842 |website=جزايرس}}</ref> A lokacin da yake tafiya a cikin shekarar 1960 zuwa Dutsen Dirrah da ke kallon Sour El Ghozlane don gudanar da ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan soji da yake kitsawa, ya fuskanci arangama kai tsaye da sojojin Faransa na abokan gaba, inda ya ji rauni mai tsanani a gwiwa. <ref name="auto3"/> Wannan rauni na ƙuntatawa ya sa ya yi masa wuya ya motsa a cikin maquis, wanda ya sa sojojin Faransa suka sake kama shi kuma suka mayar da shi zuwa cibiyar azabtarwa (ofishi na biyu) a Sour El Ghozlane. An sake kama Rahmoune a gidan yarin Boghar, kuma nan da nan ya shafe watanni 7 a gidan yarin CMS inda sojojin Faransa suka sha azabtar da shi. Ya kasance a tsare a CMS har zuwa ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairu, 1962, 'yan makonni kafin tsagaita buɗe wuta a ranar 19 ga watan Maris a jajibirin samun 'yancin kai bayan an kammala yarjejeniyar Évian. <ref name="auto2"/> == Mutuwa == Moudjahid Rahmoune ya mutu a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu, 2022, a gidan danginsa a Thénia yana da shekaru 82. <ref name="auto"/> Washegari aka binne shi a makabartar Djebanat El Ghorba <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cimetière Musulman El Ghorba de Thénia |url=http://wikimapia.org/16243853/fr/Cimeti%C3%A8re-Musulman-El-Ghorba-de-Th%C3%A9nia |website=wikimapia.org}}</ref> a kudancin [[Thénia]] a wajen ƙauyen [[Soumâa]] a gaban 'yan uwansa da abokansa da kuma tawagar gwamnatin Aljeriya. <ref name="auto2"/> == Duba kuma == * Aljeriya kishin kasa * [[Yaƙin Aljeriya|Yakin 'Yancin Aljeriya]] * National Liberation Front (Algeria) * National Liberation Army (Algeria) * Jerin 'yan Algeria * {{Interlanguage link|Ministry of Mujahideen|fr|Ministère des Moudjahidine}} * {{Interlanguage link|National Mujahideen Organization|fr|Organisation nationale des moudjahidine}} * {{Interlanguage link|National Organization for the Children of the Martyrs|ar|المنظمة الوطنية لأبناء الشهداء}} * {{Interlanguage link|National Organization for the Sons of the Mujahideen|ar|المنظمة الوطنية لأبناء المجاهدين}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2022]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1940]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ps8dnx7kvp6j4k6witn19x32a1arzyw 0 101004 842902 733652 2026-05-30T00:04:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842902 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mouna Hachim''' {{Efn|In French, the form “Hachem” is found.}} (an haife shi 24 Oktoba 1967) marubuci ne kuma ɗan jarida ɗan Morocco. Ta buga litattafai da dama da ba na almara. Har ila yau, ta ƙirƙira takardun shaida. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Mouna Hachim a [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]], 24 Oktoba 1967. <ref name="2:frwp">Loubna Bernichi, "Interview de Mouna Hachim, auteur de Les Enfants de la Chaouia : Casablanca et son arrière-pays", ''[[Maroc Hebdo]]'', Casablanca, no. 592, 19 February 2004 {{In lang|fr}}</ref> Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Hassan II Casablanca, inda ta sami digiri a cikin adabin Faransanci (babban haruffa da ilimin ɗan adam a Aïn Chock ) da difloma na zurfin karatu a cikin adabin kwatankwacin (babban haruffa da ilimin ɗan adam Ben M'Sick - Sidi Othmane ). <ref name="2:frwp">Loubna Bernichi, "Interview de Mouna Hachim, auteur de Les Enfants de la Chaouia : Casablanca et son arrière-pays", ''[[Maroc Hebdo]]'', Casablanca, no. 592, 19 February 2004 {{In lang|fr}}</ref> Littafin karatunta na farko ya mayar da hankali ne kan wakilcin Musulmai a cikin ''Waƙar Roland'' da kuma karatunta na DEA game da ladabi na Faransa a tsakiyar zamanai tare da troubadours hudu na farko na Langue d'oc . <ref name="4:frwp" /> == Sana'a == Tun daga 1992, Hachim ya yi aiki a cikin rubuce-rubucen rubuce-rubuce na Moroccan, kuma, tun daga 2008, <ref name="4:frwp" /> ya rubuta a cikin ''L'Économiste'', <ref name="6:frwp">{{Cite web |title="par Mouna Hachim" site=www.leconomiste.com - Google Search |url=https://www.google.com/search?q=%22par+Mouna+Hachim%22+site%3Dwww.leconomiste.com#hl=fr&sclient=psy-ab&q=%22par+Mouna+Hachim%22+site%3Awww.leconomiste.com&oq=%22par+Mouna+Hachim%22+site:www.leconomiste.com&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&gs_l=serp.3...263890.264402.0.264839.2.2.0.0.0.0.346.462.0j1j0j1.2.0...0.0.wcWhVymYgbw&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.,cf.osb&fp=3a2a3dd226369564&biw=1024&bih=456 |access-date=16 September 2023 |website=www.google.com}}</ref> a cikin sashin, "Tarihi na jiya da yau". Daga 2007 zuwa 2009, ta dauki bakuncin shafi na yau da kullun akan ''Radio Atlantic'', "Asirin sunayen dangi". <ref name="4:frwp" /> A cikin Janairu 2004, ta buga wani labari da kanta, ''Les Enfants de la Chaouia'', <ref name="7:frwp">{{Cite web |last=MDIDECH |first=JAOUAD |title=Autoédition, l'aventure hasardeuse |url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lavieeco.com%2Fnews%2Fculture%2Fautoedition-l-aventure-hasardeuse-6704.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&tab=url |access-date=16 September 2023 |website=lavieeco.com |publisher=[[La Vie Éco]] |language=fr |via=wikiwix.com}}</ref> labarin iyali wanda ya shafi tsararraki uku, wanda ake gani a matsayin ƙaramin al'umma na Moroccan cikin cikakken tashin hankali tun farkon karni na 20. A shekara ta 2007, ta kuma buga da kanta wani aikin ilimi, {{Lang|fr|Dictionnaire des noms de famille du Maroc}} (Kamus na Sunayen Iyali na Maroko), <ref name="8:frwp">{{Cite web |last=Fatiha A |date=9 February 2010 |title=Marocaines - Mouna HACHIM et l'écriture : une " relation passionnelle…". |url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lalati.ma%2Ffr%2Fmarocaines%2Fmouna-hachim-et-l%25E2%2580%2599ecriture-%25C2%25AB-relation-passionnelle%25E2%2580%25A6%25C2%25BB-3584#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&tab=url |access-date=17 September 2023 |website=lalati.ma |language=fr |via=archive.wikiwix.com}}</ref> bugu da aka sabunta kuma aka fadada wanda Éditions Le Fennec ya buga a cikin 2012. A cikin 2011, kuma tsawon shekaru uku a jere, ta kasance memba na juri don lambar yabo ta adabi na La Mamounia, wanda ke ba da kyauta ga marubutan Faransanci na Moroccan. A cikin Yuli 2014, bisa ga bincikenta, Hachim ya gabatar da wani labari na tarihi a cikin sassa hudu a tashar TV ta Medi1, a karkashin taken "La Route des Origines", wanda ya gabatar da tafiya ta tarihin Moroccan wanda ya shafi sunayen wuri da sunayen kabilu da iyalai. A cikin 2015, ta shiga cikin aikin gama gari wanda La Croisée des chemins ta buga a ƙarƙashin taken {{Lang|fr|Ce qui nous somme : réflexions marocaines après les événements des 7 au 11 janvier 2015 à Paris}} Bayan harbin <nowiki><i id="mwYw">Charlie Hebdo</i></nowiki> na 7 ga Janairu 2015 da maci na Republican na 11 ga Janairu 2015 a [[Faris|Paris]] . <ref name="asma">{{Cite web |title="CE QUI NOUS SOMME": LES INTELLECTUELS MAROCAINS RÉAGISSENT |url=http://www.asma-lamrabet.com/articles/nouvelle-parution-ce-qui-nous-somme-ouvrage-collectif-la-croisee-des-chemins/ |access-date=17 September 2023 |website=www.asma-lamrabet.com |language=fr}}</ref> A cikin Afrilu 2016, ta buga wani aikin tarihi a ƙarƙashin taken ''Chroniques insolites de notre histoire: Maroc, des origines à 1907'' (Najah al Jadida, 2016), wanda ke aiwatar da sake karatun da aka canza daga asusun hukuma da litattafan makaranta; Editions Érick Bonnier ne ya sake buga shi a Faransa a watan Satumba na 2018 a ƙarƙashin taken {{Lang|fr|l’Histoire inattendue du Maroc}} . Tare da mawallafin guda ɗaya, ta buga a cikin Satumba 2019, wani labari na tarihi tsakanin Turai da Maroko, dangane da ainihin abubuwan da suka faru da haruffa, mai suna {{Lang|fr|Les manuscrits perdus}} (Rubutun Batattu). Ta sake duba tarihi ta hanyar soyayya tare da labari {{Lang|fr|Ben Toumert ou Les derniers jours des Voilés}} (La Croisée des Chemins, Casablanca, 2021), kusa da faduwar daular Almoravid daga mahangar mata. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tana da aure kuma mahaifiyar yara biyu. <ref name="3:frwp">Nadia Belkhayat, " 'Dictionnaire des noms de famille' : découvrez vos origines", ''[[L'Économiste]]'', Casablanca, no. 2458, 6 February 2007 {{In lang|fr}}</ref> == Ayyukan da aka zaɓa == * ''Les Enfants de la Chaouia'' (2004){{ISBN|9954834850}} * ''Dictionnaire des noms de famille du Maroc'' (2007){{ISBN|9954852417}} * ''Dictionnaire des noms de famille du Maroc'' (2011){{ISBN|9789954306987}} * ''Chroniques insolites de notre histoire - Maroc, des origines à 1907'' (2016){{ISBN|9789954371848}} * ''Tarihin rashin halartar du Maroc'' (2018){{ISBN|2367601526}} * ''Les manuscrits perdus'' (2019){{ISBN|2367601755}} * ''Ben Toumert ou les derniers jours des Voilés'' (2021){{ISBN|9789920769952}} * ''Casablanca, le livre noir de la ville blanche Broché'' (2023){{ISBN|9920753858}} == Filmography == === Jerin shirye-shiryen === * ''La hanya des asalin'', طريق الاصل, a sassa hudu, Médi 1 TV <ref name="hypotheses">{{Cite web |date=25 May 2016 |title=طريق الأصل – رحلة تاريخية مع الباحثة المغربية منى هاشم |url=http://iqbal.hypotheses.org/3668 |access-date=17 September 2023 |website=Iqbal إقبال |language=fr-FR}}</ref> * ''Marocains dans l'histoire'' (ep.20), مغاربة في التاريخ, Le360 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dossier. Marocains dans l’Histoire |url=https://fr.le360.ma/dossier/dossier-marocains-dans-lhistoire_D4DHRVKHSFEKFK2KUBQTPKT2EY/ |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Le 360 Français |language=fr}}</ref> == Bayanan kula == {{Notelist}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} === Sources === * Aziz Daki" Cette voix qui nous tient », ''Aujourd'hui le Maroc'', Casablanca, 6 Fabrairu 2004 * Aziz Daki" La Chaouia ou le chemin de l'écriture », ''Aujourd'hui le Maroc'', Casablanca, 6 Fabrairu 2004 * Loubna Bernichi, " Hira daga Mouna Hachim, mawallafi de Les Enfants de la Chaouia : Casablanca et son arrière-pays », ''Maroc Hebdo'', Casablanca, no. 592, 13-19 Fabrairu 2004 * Loubna Bernichi, " Humilité et limpidité », ''Maroc Hebdo'', Casablanca, no. 592, 13-19 Fabrairu 2004 * ZZ, " Les enfants de la Chaouia de Mouna Hachim : Une karama merveille », a cikin ''Emarrakech'', 15 Afrilu 2004 * Driss Ksikes, " Chroniques d'une fille enracinée », Telquel, Casablanca * Nadia Belkhayat, " "Dictionnaire des noms de famille" : découvrez vos asalin », ''L'Économiste'', Casablanca, no. 2458, 6 Fabrairu 2007 * « Littattafai : Mouna Hachem, un cimetière comme un autre », ''Al-Ahram Hebdo'', Le Caire, 9 Yuli 2008 * " Mun Hachim : Fille de la Chaouia ", a cikin Pascal Airault Julien Félix, " Rencontres casaouies : Cinéaste, musicien, écrivaine ou plasticien, ils sont originaires ou enfants adoptifs de la capitale économique marocaine... Et leurs œœuvres s'en wahayi. », ''Jeune Afrique'', Paris, 31 ga Agusta, 2008 * " Mun Hachim », ''Femmes du Maroc'', Casablanca, 29 Disamba 2011 (tambayoyi) == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.jeuneafrique.com/136585/politique/mouna-hachim-l-histoire-marocaine-est-celle-de-tous-les-m-langes/ "Muna Hachim : l'histoire du Maroc est celle de tous les mélanges"], Jeune Afrique, Paris, 12 ga Agusta 2013 * [http://www.lesiteinfo.com/mouna-hachim-elle-nous-dit-tout-sur-son-nouveau-livre/ "Mouna Hachim, elle nous dit tout sur son nouveau livre"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425224946/http://www.lesiteinfo.com/mouna-hachim-elle-nous-dit-tout-sur-son-nouveau-livre/ |date=2016-04-25 }} 23 Afrilu 2016 * [https://ledesk.ma/grandangle/une-histoire-curieuse-et-insolite-du-maroc/ "Une histoire curieuse et insolite du Maroc"], Casablanca, 24/4/2016 * [https://www.atlasinfo.fr/Presentation-a-Paris-du-livre-Histoire-inattendue-du-Maroc-de-Mouna-Hachim_a94227.html Gabatarwa a cikin Paris na littafin, «Histoire inattendue du Maroc» na Mouna Hachim] * [http://maroc-diplomatique.net/mouna-hachim-deterre-lhistoire-inattendue-du-maroc/ Mouna Hachim deterre" Tarihin tarihin Maroc »] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250530185038/https://maroc-diplomatique.net/mouna-hachim-deterre-lhistoire-inattendue-du-maroc/ |date=2025-05-30 }} * [https://www.letemps.ch/culture/maroc-antique-une-mondialisation-lheure "Le Maroc antique, une mondialisation avant l'heure"] * [http://www.maroc-hebdo.press.ma/histoire-inattendue-maroc-nouveau-livre-de-mouna-hachem/ "Dépassionner le débat public sur l'histoire du Maroc"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240718100634/https://www.maroc-hebdo.press.ma/histoire-inattendue-maroc-nouveau-livre-de-mouna-hachem |date=2024-07-18 }} * [https://www.radioorient.com/podcasts/histoire-inattendue-du-maroc-de-mouna-hachim-23019 "Histoire ina halarta Maroc de Mouna Hachim"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918234700/https://www.radioorient.com/podcasts/histoire-inattendue-du-maroc-de-mouna-hachim-23019 |date=2021-09-18 }}, La Bibliothèque de Radio Orient * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-B50AiLyQ8 "Maroc : toute une histoire !"] * [https://www.franceculture.fr/emissions/questions-dislam/pour-une-nouvelle-lecture-de-lislamisation-de-lafrique-du-nord "Pour une nouvelle lecture de l'islamisation de l'Afrique du Nord"], Questions d'islam, emission de Ghaleb Bencheikh, 18 Nuwamba 2018 * [https://telquel.ma/2021/04/09/mouna-hachim-raconte-la-chute-des-almoravides-vue-par-des-femmes_1717667 "Mouna Hachim raconte la chute des Almoravides, vue par des femmes"] * [https://www.maroc-hebdo.press.ma/mouna-hachim-ben-toumert-derniers-jours-voiles "Entretien avec Mouna Hachim, auteur de "Ben Toumert, ou les derniers jours des voilés"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229190115/https://www.maroc-hebdo.press.ma/mouna-hachim-ben-toumert-derniers-jours-voiles |date=2024-02-29 }} * [https://2m.ma/fr/news/parution-ben-toumart-ou-les-derniers-jours-des-voiles-le-nouveau-ne-de-mouna-hachim-interview-20210322/ "Parution: "Ben Toumert, ou les derniers jours des Voilés", le nouveau-né de Mouna Hachim] (Tambayoyi) * [https://lobservateur.info/article/21060/Culture/ben-toumert-ou-les-derniers-jours-des-voiles-le-nouveau-roman-epique-de-mouna-hachim "" Ben Toumert ou les derniers jours des voilés ». le nouveau roman epique de Mouna Hachim"] * [http://femmesdumaroc.com/actualite/mouna-hachim-invitee-de-la-1ere-conference-les-bancs-du-savoir-49852 Mouna Hachim a été l'Invite d'honneur de l'Association Les Impériales le 28 février 2019, où elle a animé une conférence sous le thème « Identités plurielles zuba une reelecture de l'histoire ».]{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1967]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bdhy41qk31vymwk7qfbnzqhhu0klnek 0 102986 843259 656086 2026-05-30T08:33:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beach |first=D. N. |date=1998 |title=An Innocent Woman, Unjustly Accused? Charwe, Medium of the Nehanda Mhondoro Spirit, and the 1896–97 Central Shona Rising in Zimbabwe |journal=History in Africa |volume=25 |pages=27–54 |doi=10.2307/3172179 |issn=0361-5413 |jstor=3172179 |s2cid=162261666}}</ref>'''Nehanda Charwe Nyakasikana''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Mbuya Nehanda''' ({{Circa}} 1840-1898) wani ''svikiro'' ne, ko kuma matsakaici na ruhun mutanen [[Yaren Shona|Zezuru]] Shona . Ta kasance matsakaiciyar Nehanda, mace mai suna Shona mhondoro (ruhu mai iko da girmamawa). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mazama |first=Ama |date=23 April 2019 |title=Charwe |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charwe |website=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref> A matsayinta na ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin ruhaniya na Shona, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin jagororin tawaye, [[Chimurenga]], a kan mulkin mallaka na Kamfanin Afirka ta Kudu na Burtaniya na abin da ke yanzu [[Zimbabwe]] karkashin jagorancin [[Cecil Rhodes|Cecil John Rhodes]] a cikin shekara ta 1889.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dube |first=Zorodzai |date=10 October 2018 |title=The ancestors, violence and democracy in Zimbabwe |url=http://www.scielo.org.za/pdf/vee/v39n1/40.pdf |journal=Verbum et Ecclesia |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=3 |doi=10.4102/ve.v39i1.1875 |via=ISSN: (Online) 2074-7705 |doi-access=free |access-date=24 June 2025 |archive-date=26 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626214443/https://www.scielo.org.za/pdf/vee/v39n1/40.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kasance Hera na Daular Hwata Mufakose . Ita da abokinta Sekuru Kaguvi an kama su kuma kamfanin ya kashe su kan zargin kisan kai.<ref name="Female Liberators">{{Cite web |title=The Suppressed Histories |url=http://www.suppressedhistories.net/articles/liberators.html |access-date=2006-05-01 |website=Female Liberators}}</ref> 'Yan Zimbabwe sun tuna da ita ta hanyar siffofi, waƙoƙi, litattafai, da waƙoƙoƙi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beach |first=D. N. |date=1998 |title=An Innocent Woman, Unjustly Accused? Charwe, Medium of the Nehanda Mhondoro Spirit, and the 1896–97 Central Shona Rising in Zimbabwe |journal=History in Africa |volume=25 |pages=27–54 |doi=10.2307/3172179 |issn=0361-5413 |jstor=3172179 |s2cid=162261666}}</ref> Kyautar matsakaici ta ci gaba da kasancewa da alaƙa da taken juriya, musamman yakin basasa wanda ya fara a shekarar 1972. Sunan ta ya zama mai mahimmanci ga ƙungiyoyin kishin ƙasa a Zimbabwe. == Tarihin ruhun Nehanda == An ce ruhun Nehanda shine mhondoro, mudzimu na sarauta (ruhu na kakanni) ko "ruhu zaki", wanda ke amfani da mata a matsayin masu dubanta. Ana ba masu matsakaicin suna Nehanda ko Mbuya Nehanda.[1] Daya daga cikin 'ya'yan Nyatsimba Mutota, shugaban farko na jihar Munhumutapa, an dauke shi da wannan ruhi.[2] Ruhohin Mhondoro ruhohi ne masu daraja a cikin Shona, kamar yadda aka yi imani cewa za su iya fassara umarni da buri na Mwari, babban abin bautawa[3]. An dauki ainihin Nehanda a matsayin Nyamhita, 'yar Monomutapa Mutota na farko, wanda ke zaune a cikin escarpment arewacin Guruve a cikin kimanin 1430. Mutota shine wanda ya kafa jihar Mutapa. Yana da ɗa mai suna Matope wanda daga baya ya zama Monomatapa na biyu. Matope kanin Nyamhita ne, kuma don kara karfin Matope, Mutota ya umarci dansa ya kwana da babbar yayarsa Nyamhita, wacce aka fi sani da Nehanda. An yi imanin wannan al'ada ta zuriya ta haifar da karuwar mulkin Matope da daular. Matope ya ba da wani yanki na daularsa ga Nehanda wanda ya zama mai ƙarfi kuma sananne cewa ruhunta ya rayu a cikin jikin mutane na masu sihiri daban-daban har zuwa kusan shekaru 500 bayan haka lokacin da aka yi imanin cewa ya mamaye jikin Mazoe Nehanda. A lokacin mallakar ruhu, an yi imani cewa matsafa suna magana da murya da hali na ainihin Nehanda ba nasu ba. == Tarihin Nehanda Charwe Nyakasikana == An haifi Charwe Nyakasikana a 1840, a cikin abin da ake kira Gundumar Chishawasha da ke tsakiyar [[Mashonaland]]. Ita 'yar wani mutum ne mai suna Ch Ibrahima, wanda shi ne ƙaramin ɗan Shayachimwe. Shayachimwe, ya kafa Daular Hwata a saman kwarin Mazowe a ƙarshen karni na sha takwas.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beach |first=D. N. |date=1998 |title=An Innocent Woman, Unjustly Accused? Charwe, Medium of the Nehanda Mhondoro Spirit, and the 1896–97 Central Shona Rising in Zimbabwe |journal=History in Africa |volume=25 |pages=27–54 |doi=10.2307/3172179 |issn=0361-5413 |jstor=3172179 |s2cid=162261666}}</ref> Ta yi aure kuma tana da 'ya'ya mata biyu da ɗa, amma ba a tuna da sunan mijinta ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beach |first=D. N. |date=1998 |title=An Innocent Woman, Unjustly Accused? Charwe, Medium of the Nehanda Mhondoro Spirit, and the 1896–97 Central Shona Rising in Zimbabwe |journal=History in Africa |volume=25 |pages=27–54 |doi=10.2307/3172179 |issn=0361-5413 |jstor=3172179 |s2cid=162261666}}</ref> Rayuwa a cikin tsaunuka da ke kusa da Mazoe, Zimbabwe, a tsakiyar karni na 19, sun kasance manyan sarakuna daban-daban ciki har da Chidamba. A ƙauyen Chidamba ya zauna Charwe Nyakasikana, wanda aka ɗauka a matsayin mace ta jiki na ruhun annabi Nehanda. D. N. Beach ta nuna cewa ruhun ya mallake ta a 1884. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beach |first=D. N. |date=1 January 1998 |title=An Innocent Woman, Unjustly Accused? Charwe, Medium of the Nehanda Mhondoro Spirit, and the 1896-97 Central Shona Rising in Zimbabwe |journal=History in Africa |volume=25 |pages=27–54 (29) |doi=10.2307/3172179 |jstor=3172179 |s2cid=162261666}}</ref> == Kyauta == Jaruntakar Nehanda ta zama muhimmiyar tushen wahayi a cikin gwagwarmayar 'yanci ta kasa a cikin shekarun 1960 da 1970. Sunan ta yanzu yawanci ana gabatar da shi da lakabi mai daraja na ''Mbuya'', ko kakarta [sunan da aka ba mata masu duba da kuma kakanninmu a cikin ruhaniya na Afirka]. Sashen haihuwa na Asibitin Parirenyatwa a [[Harare]] an sanya masa suna. Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Lafiya ta Jami'ar Zimbabwe tana nan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Herald |title=Editorial Comment: Nehanda statue: We make our own history |url=https://www.herald.co.zw/editorial-comment-nehanda-statue-we-make-our-own-history/ |access-date=2022-05-15 |website=The Herald |language=en-GB}}</ref> ==Manazarta== gvy9hlhd2kdnuuwrvtb2hqrjzb68fgn 0 103172 842836 647702 2026-05-29T22:03:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mohammed Dangor''' ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne, jami'in diflomasiyya kuma mai fafutukar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata wanda ya kasance Wakilin Dindindin a Majalisar Larduna ta ƙasa tun a watan Yunin 2019. Shi memba ne na tawagar lardin Gauteng mai wakiltar Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta Afirka. Dangor ya taɓa zama jakadan Afirka ta Kudu a [[Libya]] da [[Siriya|Syria]] da kuma [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]]. == Tarihi == Ɗaya daga cikin yara tara, Dangor ya shiga gwagwarmayar yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata tun yana ƙarami. Bayan kawo ƙarshen mulkin wariyar launin fata Dangor ya zama jakadan Afirka ta Kudu a [[Libya]] da [[Siriya]] da kuma [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 October 2017 |title=Mohammed Dangor on Ahmed Timol and the TRC process – Voice of the Cape |url=https://www.vocfm.co.za/mohammed-dangor-ahmed-timol-trc-process/ |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=www.vocfm.co.za}}</ref> == Aikin majalisa == Bayan babban zaɓen shekarar 2019, an zaɓi Dangor a matsayin wakilin dindindin na majalisar lardunan ƙasar daga lardin Gauteng mai wakiltar majalisar dokokin Afirka ta ƙasa. Shi ne kaɗai wakilin da ba a rantsar da shi tare da dukkan sauran wakilai na dindindin ba a zaman farko na jam’iyyar NCOP a ranar 23 ga watan Mayu 2019; An rantsar da shi ne a ranar 9 ga watan Yuni 2019 a Dutsen Tsarin Mulki a [[Johannesburg]] ta Alkalin Shugaba Dustan Mlambo na Sashen Gauteng na Babban Kotun. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-06 |title=SA's newly sworn-in 6th Parliament |url=https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/sas-newly-sworn-6th-parliament |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=SAnews |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite tweet|user=ParliamentofRSA|title=Mr Mohammed Dangor, the only remaining designated NCOP Member not sworn in during the first sitting of the Council on 23 May, sworn in today at the Constitutional Hill by Judge President Dustan Mlambo of the Gauteng Division of the High Court #6thParliament}}</ref> === Ayyukan kwamitin === * Kwamitin Binciken Tsarin Mulki na haɗin gwiwa * Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan Gudanar da haɗin gwiwa da Harkokin Al'adu, Ruwa da Tsabtace-tsabtace da Gidajen Ɗan Adam * Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan Gyaran Ƙasa, Muhalli, albarkatun ma'adinai da Makamashi * Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan korafe-korafe da Ayyukan Zartarwa * Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan Kasuwancin Jama'a da Sadarwa (Memba na Sauran) * Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan Tsaro da Adalci * Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan Sufuri, Ayyukan Jama'a da Gudanarwa, Ayyukan jama'a da Infrastructure * Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan Ciniki da Masana'antu, Ci gaban Tattalin Arziki, Ci gaban Ƙananan Kasuwanci, Yawon Buɗe Ido, Aiki da Aiki == Rayuwa ta sirri == Dangor ɗan uwa ne ga marigayi mataimakin babban sakataren jam'iyyar ANC kuma mai fafutukar yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata Jessie Duarte. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Former Ambassador Mohammed Dangor, wife in ICU following brutal attack |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/former-ambassador-mohammed-dangor-wife-in-icu-following-brutal-attack-20190309 |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2019, an shigar da Dangor da matarsa zuwa ICU bayan an kai musu mummunan hari yayin fashi a gidansu da ke [[Johannesburg]], Gauteng. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-09 |title=SA's former Libya ambassador, wife hospitalised after attack |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/crime/sas-former-libya-ambassador-wife-hospitalised-after-attack/ |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=The Citizen |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Former ambassador Mohammed Dangor and wife attacked in brutal robbery |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/gauteng/former-ambassador-mohammed-dangor-and-wife-attacked-in-brutal-robbery-19757996 |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=www.iol.co.za |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Mr Mohammed Dangora taron jama'a * [https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/409 Bayani] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605074413/https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/409 |date=2024-06-05 }} a Majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] m5f1sld0ck687ugl5tbutu1477djgdu 0 103718 842488 659176 2026-05-29T14:34:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842488 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Masta Kacher|image=|image_size=|caption=|fullname=Mastanabal Kacher|birth_date={{birth date and age|1995|11|8|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Azazga]], Algeria|height=1.79 m|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=|clubnumber=|youthyears1=2012–2015|youthclubs1=[[Montreal Impact Academy|Montreal Impact]]|years1=2015–2016|clubs1=[[FC Montreal]]|caps1=36|goals1=4|years2=2017–2018|clubs2=[[Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC|Colorado Springs Switchbacks]]|caps2=32|goals2=8|years3=2018–2019|clubs3=[[Real Monarchs]]|caps3=37|goals3=4|years4=2019|clubs4=[[Saint Louis FC]]|caps4=13|goals4=1|years5=2020–2021|clubs5=[[Valour FC]]|caps5=17|goals5=1|years6=2022|clubs6=[[FC Edmonton]]|caps6=23|goals6=1|nationalyears1=|nationalteam1=|nationalcaps1=|nationalgoals1=|medaltemplates=|club-update=October 8, 2022|nationalteam-update=}} '''Mastanabal "Masta" Kacher''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Aljeriya . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Kacher a garin Azazga, Aljeriya, kafin ya yi hijira zuwa Kanada tare da iyalinsa yana da shekaru shida.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Walid Z. and Karim Djebri |date=October 5, 2012 |title=Découverte : M. Kacher et E. Houache, un "duo d'Impact" |url=http://www.dzfoot.com/2012/10/05/decouverte-m-kacher-et-e-houache-un-duo-dimpact-1615.php |access-date=April 1, 2015 |publisher=DZFoot |language=French |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402144620/http://www.dzfoot.com/2012/10/05/decouverte-m-kacher-et-e-houache-un-duo-dimpact-1615.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> === FC Montreal === Kacher ya kasance memba na makarantar Montreal Impact tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekara ta 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2016 |title=Mastanabal Kacher - Star kabyle du FC Montréal |url=https://kabyle.com/breves/mastanabal-kacher-etape-etape-impact-montreal-25646 |website=Kayble.com }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A watan Maris na shekara ta 2015, an ba da sanarwar cewa Kacher zai buga wa FC Montreal, kungiyar ajiyar USL ta Montreal Impact a kakar wasa ta farko.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 March 2015 |title=FC Montreal roster unveiled |url=http://www.impactmontreal.com/en/news/2015/03/fc-montreal-roster-unveiled |access-date=1 April 2015 |website=ImpactMontreal.com |publisher=Press Release Montreal Impact}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa kulob din wasa na farko a wasan da ya ci Toronto FC II 2-0.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 March 2015 |title=FC Montreal loses 2-0 against Toronto FC II |url=http://www.impactmontreal.com/en/news/2015/03/fc-montreal-loses-2-0-against-toronto-fc-ii |access-date=1 April 2015 |website=ImpactMontreal.com |publisher=Montreal Impact}}</ref> Kacher zai shafe shekaru biyu tare da FC Montreal kafin kulob din ya daina aiki bayan kakar 2016, wani yanke shawara wanda zai kasance mai sukar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nicolas Landry |date=July 13, 2017 |title=Dissolution du FC Montréal : la tempête passée, la plaie semble refermée |url=https://www.rds.ca/soccer/impact/la-tempete-passee-la-plaie-semble-refermee-1.4572393 |website=RDS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pascal Milano |date=January 26, 2017 |title=Disparition du FC Montréal: "On nous a pris à la légère" |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/sports/soccer/201701/26/01-5063293-disparition-du-fc-montreal-on-nous-a-pris-a-la-legere.php |website=La Presse}}</ref> === Colorado Springs Switchbacks === A ranar 17 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2017, an ba da sanarwar cewa Kacher ya shiga Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC na United Soccer League . Kacher zai fara kowane wasa na Switchbacks a kakar 2017, inda ya zira kwallaye 8. An sanar da shi a ranar 16 ga watan Janairu cewa Switchbacks sun dawo da Kacher don kakar 2018, amma kasa da wata daya daga baya a ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairu an saki Kacher ba zato ba tsammani daga kulob din.<ref>{{Cite web |last=SwitchbacksFC |date=16 Jan 2018 |title=Experience THRILLS at Weidner Field in 2018...pic.twitter.com/vop2sRdoNy |url=https://twitter.com/SwitchbacksFC/status/953416593492525056 |access-date=2018-02-12 |website=@SwitchbacksFC |language=en}}</ref> Kacher shine kawai dan wasan USL wanda ya fara dukkan wasanni 32 a lokacin kakar 2017. === Sarakuna na Gaskiya === A wannan rana aka saki Kacher, ya sanya hannu tare da Real Monarchs, kungiyar ajiyar United Soccer League ta Real Salt Lake . <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 12, 2017 |title=Real Monarchs SLC sign Masta Kacher |url=https://www.rsl.com/post/2018/02/12/real-monarchs-slc-sign-masta-kacher |website=Real Monarchs}}</ref> A wasan sa na biyu tare da Real Monarchs, Kacher ya zira kwallaye a cikin nasarar 3-1 na Seattle Sounders FC 2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Taran Meyer |date=April 16, 2018 |title=Game at a Glance: Monarchs 3-1 Sounders 2 |url=https://www.rsl.com/post/2018/04/16/game-glance-monarchs-3-1-sounders-2 |website=Real Monarchs}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni 24 a 2018, inda ya zira kwallaye uku.<ref name="SW">{{Cite web |title=M. Kacher |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/mastanabal-kacher/400875/ |access-date=11 March 2020 |publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ya buga wasanni goma sha huɗu, inda ya zira kwallaye guda.<ref name="SW" /> === Saint Louis FC === A ranar 16 ga watan Yulin 2019, Kacher ya koma Saint Louis FC a tsakiyar kakar wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2019 |title=Saint Louis Acquires Kacher from Monarchs |url=https://www.uslchampionship.com/news_article/show/1035225 |access-date=11 March 2020 |publisher=United Soccer League}}</ref> Tare da Saint Louis, ya buga wasanni goma sha biyar a wannan kakar.<ref name="SW"/> === Valour FC === A ranar 3 ga Afrilu 2020, Kacher ya sanya hannu tare da kungiyar Valour FC ta Premier League ta Kanada.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2020 |title=Valour FC sign Stefan Cebara and Masta Kacher |url=https://valourfc.canpl.ca/article/valour-fc-sign-stefan-cebara-and-masta-kacher |access-date=3 April 2020 |publisher=Valour FC}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa Valour wasa a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta a kan Cavalry FC.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 16, 2020 |title=Canadian Premier League |url=https://canpl.ca/matchcentre/7t877d5i442n1ar3pg35nz02c/highlights |access-date=June 30, 2025 |archive-date=August 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808154835/https://canpl.ca/matchcentre/7t877d5i442n1ar3pg35nz02c/highlights |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Janairun 2022 ya bar kulob din.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jacques |first=John |date=January 28, 2022 |title=Valour FC Announces Player Departures |url=https://northerntribune.ca/valour-fc-player-release-2022/ |website=Northern Tribune}}</ref> === FC Edmonton === A ranar 17 ga Fabrairu 2022, Kacher ya sanya hannu tare da FC Edmonton.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2022 |title=FC Edmonton signs forward Masta Kacher |url=https://fcedmonton.canpl.ca/article/fc-edmonton-signs-forward-masta-kacher |access-date=17 February 2022 |publisher=[[FC Edmonton]]}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} * {{Soccerway|mastanabal-kacher/400875}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110632/http://ussda.demosphere.com/teams/47158256/47189140-47158344/51646574.html USSF Ci gaban Kwalejin] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] 8yk9tv77vvfuubdvbeft1tev5zigd5l 0 105408 842486 658973 2026-05-29T14:27:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Massabalala Bonnie "MB" Yengwa''' (an haife shi 5 Disamba 1923-21 Yuli 1987) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yengwa, Masabalala Bonnie 'MB' |url=https://archive.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/yengwa-masabalala-bonnie-mb |access-date=2025-01-25 |website=Nelson Mandela Archive |archive-date=2025-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250912230422/https://archive.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/yengwa-masabalala-bonnie-mb |url-status=dead }}</ref> lauya ne ɗan [[Afirka ta Kudu]], mai fafutukar yaki [[Yunkurin adawa da wariyar launin fata|da nuna wariyar launin fata]] kuma Sakataren Lardin Natal na Ƙungiyar Matasan Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta Afirka (ANCYL). == Iyali da ilimi == An haifi Yengwa a shekara ta 1923 kusa da Mapumulo a cikin Kwa-Zulu Natal. Mahaifinsa ma'aikacin Zulu ne,<ref name=":0"/> wanda ya shiga cikin [[Tawayen Bambatha]] na shekarar 1906 kuma an ɗaure shi a lokacin yaƙin neman zaɓe na African National Congress (ANC) na shekarar 1919. Ya halarci makarantar sakandare a Richmond kuma daga shekarun 1945 ya yi karatu na ɗan lokaci a [[Jami'ar Natal]].<ref name=":0" /> Ya auri Edith Minah Sibisi a ranar 21 ga watan Satumba 1957 a Maqumbi. == Gwagwarmaya a Afirka ta Kudu == Yengwa ya zama mai fafutuka a gwagwarmayar yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata kuma ya shiga jam'iyyar ANC, ya zama sakataren lardi na ANCYL.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Lissoni |first1=Arianna |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zDZjDwAAQBAJ&dq=M+b+yengwa&pg=PT351 |title=One Hundred Years of the ANC: Debating liberation histories today |last2=Soske |first2=Jon |date=2012-11-01 |publisher=NYU Press |isbn=978-1-86814-848-6 |language=en}}</ref> A shekara ta 1951, an zaɓe shi a matsayin kwamitin zartarwa na lardin Natal na ANC. Ya yi aiki har zuwa shekara ta 1960.<ref name=":0"/> Ya kasance na kusa da [[Albert Luthuli|Albert John Luthuli]] kuma yana cikin ruƙuni, ciki har da Herbert Isaac Ernest Dhlomo da [[Jordan Ngubane]], waɗanda suka taka rawa wajen zaɓen Luthuli a matsayin shugaban ANC.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Soske |first=Jon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NrE5DwAAQBAJ&dq=m+b+yengwa&pg=PT9 |title=Internal Frontiers: African Nationalism and the Indian Diaspora in Twentieth-Century South Africa |date=2017-12-01 |publisher=Ohio University Press |isbn=978-0-8214-4610-2 |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya Yengwa ya zama sakataren Luthuli,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Etherington |first=Norman |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W3tzAAAAMAAJ&q=M+b+yengwa |title=Peace, Politics and Violence in the New South Africa |date=1992 |publisher=H. Zell |isbn=978-1-873836-75-0 |pages=277 |language=en}}</ref> daga baya ya yi tafiya tare da shi da matarsa zuwa [[Oslo]], Norway, lokacin da Luthuli ya sami lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Nobel a shekarar 1961.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Let the Spirit of Luthuli Speak to All": Digitisation and the 'virtual' Luthuli Museum {{!}} University of Cape Town |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/apc/let-spirit-luthuli-speak-all-digitisation-and-virtual-luthuli-museum |access-date=2025-01-25 |website=Faculty of Humanities |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 1952, an naɗa Yengwa a matsayin Babban Jami'in Sa-kai kuma a matsayin sakatare na haɗin gwiwa, tare da Marimuthu Pragalathan Naicker, na Majalisar Haɗin gwiwar Aiki a Natal don Kamfen ɗin Defiance na Majalisar Indiya ta Afirka ta Kudu (SAIC).<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Verwey |first=E. J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rl8nkyID3WsC&dq=M+b+yengwa&pg=PA198 |title=New Dictionary of South African Biography |date=1995 |publisher=HSRC Press |isbn=978-0-7969-1648-8 |pages=198 |language=en}}</ref> An ɗaure shi na tsawon makonni biyu saboda ayyukansa a matsayin mai adawa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Pillay |first=Indhrannie |date=22 May 2008 |title=Road Name Changes – Masabalala Yengwa Avenue – Gandhi Development Trust |url=https://www.gdt.org.za/gdt/road-name-changes-masabalala-yengwa-avenue/ |access-date=2025-01-25 |language=en-US}}</ref> Daga bisani ya halarci taron Queenstown na ANC, inda ya haɗu da fara haɗin gwiwa tare da 'yan gwagwarmaya [[Oliver tambo|Oliver Tambo]] da [[Nelson Mandela]].<ref name=":1" /> Gwamnati ta dakatar da Yengwa a watan Mayu 1953, ta hana shi halartar duk wani taron siyasa ko na jama'a ko barin [[Durban]].<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Buthelezi |first=Jabulani |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dy_aBlwBYacC&dq=M+b+yengwa&pg=PA127 |title=Rolihlahla Dalibhunga Nelson Mandela |date=2006-07-06 |publisher=Trafford Publishing |isbn=978-1-4122-5015-3 |pages=108, 127 |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1955, an kore shi zuwa Mapumulo na tsawon shekaru biyu. <ref name=":0" /> An tuhume shi tare da wasu masu fafutuka 155 a [[1956 Shari'ar Cin amana|1956 Treason Trials]],<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Feit |first=Edward |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cadBAAAAIAAJ&q=M+b+yengwa |title=The South African National Congress Campaigns, 1954-56 |date=1965 |publisher=University of Michigan. |pages=129 |language=en}}</ref> amma an wanke shi kuma an sake shi bayan shekara guda.<ref name=":2"/> An kira shi zuwa [[Pretoria]] da ya bayyana a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin shaidun kariya ga waɗanda ake tuhuma da cin amanar ƙasa a watan Satumba na shekarar 1960, <ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":4" /> inda ya sake nanata amsa ga tambayoyi da yawa cewa ANC ta bi manufar rashin tashin hankali don cimma manufofinsu na siyasa. An sake kama shi a shekara ta 1963 kuma an tsare shi a gidan yari. Yengwa ya yi watanni 18 a gidan yari, kuma lokacin da aka sake shi, an tsare shi a gidan na sa’o’i 24 a Maqombi a Mapumulo, ya kasa fita ko aiki.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Israel |first=Mark |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fZ-vCwAAQBAJ&dq=M+b+yengwa&pg=PA44 |title=South African Political Exile in the United Kingdom |date=1999-05-19 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-349-14923-0 |pages=44 |language=en}}</ref> == 'Yan gudun hijira a Swaziland da Ingila == A cikin shekarar 1966, Yengwa ya gudu zuwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]],<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sibeko |first=Archie |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=otwvAQAAIAAJ&q=M+b+yengwa |title=Freedom in Our Lifetime |date=1996 |publisher=Indicator Press, University of Natal |isbn=978-1-86840-210-6 |pages=117 |language=en}}</ref> sai matarsa Edith da 'ya'yansu, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya.<ref name=":0"/> A shekara ta 1969, bayan matsin lamba daga gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu a kan Swaziland, Yengwa da iyalinsa aka kora kuma suka ƙaura zuwa Burtaniya a matsayin ’yan gudun hijira.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HUHjAAAAMAAJ&q=M+b+yengwa |title=Massabalala Bonnie Yengwa |date=1987 |publisher=<i>Sechaba</i>, African National Congress of South Africa |pages=31–32 |language=en}}</ref> Ya halarci taron ‘yan adawa a gudun hijira.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ellis |first=Stephen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CTSVEAAAQBAJ&dq=M+b+yengwa+wife&pg=PT146 |title=External Mission: The ANC in Exile |date=2022-07-15 |publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers |isbn=978-1-77619-220-5 |language=en}}</ref> Bayan mutuwar Albert Luthuli a shekarar 1967, daga London Yengwa ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin masu kula da Luthuli Memorial Foundation (LMF), tare da 'yar gwagwarmayar Amurka Mary Louise Hooper da matar Luthuli Nokukhanya Bhengu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=27 June 2018 |orig-date=17 February 2011 |title=Massabalala (Bonnie) Yengwa |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/massabalala-bonnie-yengwa |access-date=25 January 2025 |website=South African History Online}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Citation |last=Kelly |first=Jill E. |title=Nokukhanya Luthuli |date=2024-08-21 |encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History |url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-1442 |access-date=2025-01-25 |language=en |doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.1442 |isbn=978-0-19-027773-4|url-access=subscription }}</ref> A Ingila ya kuma fassara ayyuka daga [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]] zuwa [[Turanci]] (tare da wasu fassararsa da aka yi a cikin tarin ɗakin karatu na Makarantar Gabas da Nazarin Afirka (SOAS), Jami'ar London) kuma ya ba da laccoci kan kiɗan Zulu da waƙoƙin yabo.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Otiono |first1=Nduka |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rsIrEAAAQBAJ&dq=m+b+yengwa+translate&pg=PT102 |title=Oral Literary Performance in Africa: Beyond Text |last2=Akọma |first2=Chiji |date=2021-05-31 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-39753-6 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Whitaker |first1=Richard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jEtLAAAAYAAJ&q=m+b+yengwa+translate |title=Oral Tradition and Literacy: Changing Visions of the World : Selected Conference Papers, University of Natal, Durban, July 1985 |last2=Sienaert |first2=E. R. |date=1986 |publisher=Natal University Oral Documentation and Research Centre |isbn=978-0-86980-513-8 |pages=188 |language=en}}</ref> Yengwa mutum ne mai addini kuma ya wakilci ANC a taron Majalisar Cocin Duniya a [[Geneva]].<ref name=":6"/> == Mutuwa da martaba == Yengwa ya mutu a shekara ta 1987 a Landan. An canza wa wata hanya a Durban suna zuwa Masbalala Yengwa Avenue don karrama shi. <ref name=":2"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1987]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1923]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] abc1188tm9nws4uf8oodyvbwvgdyglx 0 107224 842680 828679 2026-05-29T18:44:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842680 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Hatharasinghege Michelle Dilhara''' (Sinhala; an haife ta a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1996) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma mai kula da muhalli ta [[Sri Lanka]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 April 2019 |title=Actress Michelle dilhara |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/birthday/2019-05-01-000000/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B1-%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93-%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F |access-date=25 April 2019 |language=si}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 April 2020 |title=Actress Michelle Dilhara films |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9450804/ |access-date=25 April 2020 |language=en}}</ref> Daya daga cikin shahararrun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin a Sri Lanka, Dilhara an fi saninta da rawar Ayoma a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ''Sudu Andagena Kalu Awidin'' Baya ga yin wasan kwaikwayo, tana kuma shiga cikin ayyukan agaji daban-daban kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa ce kuma marubuciya.<ref name="m1996">{{Cite web |date=13 January 2018 |title=Michelle Dilhara A blend of altruism and talent |url=https://ceylontoday.lk/site-api/uploads/e_paper/GLAMOUR-20-05-2018.pdf |access-date=13 January 2018 |publisher=[[Ceylon Today]] |archive-date=8 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408013949/https://ceylontoday.lk/site-api/uploads/e_paper/GLAMOUR-20-05-2018.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Chose me for a non-dialogue main character Michelle Dilhara |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/interviews/2019/05/02/4931/දෙබස්-නැති-ප්%E2%80%8Dරධාන-චරිතයකට-මාව-තෝරාගෙන |access-date=2021-01-22 |website=sarasaviya}}</ref> A cikin 2019 Dilhara ta sami lambar yabo ta Matasa ta Kasa a taron matasa na duniya da aka gudanar a New Delhi, Indiya don littafinta Social Invisibility is not a Fiction, it Exists and for her "Theory of Alternative Social Cogwheel". <ref name="Alternative123"/> <ref name="My life">{{Cite web |date=8 May 2019 |title=My life is also like Arthur Fleck's in Joker Film |url=http://www.deshaya.lk/article/52/%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%BB/13968/%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A-%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B6%85%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%9A-%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A--%E0%B6%89%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F--- |access-date=8 Dec 2019 |archive-date=8 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208035159/http://www.deshaya.lk/article/52/%25E0%25B7%2584%25E0%25B6%25AF%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B6%25BB/13968/%25E0%25B6%2586%25E0%25B6%25AD%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%259C%25E0%25B7%259A-%25E0%25B6%25A2%25E0%25B7%2593%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25AD%25E0%25B6%25BA-%25E0%25B6%2585%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B7%259A-%25E0%25B6%25B8%25E0%25B6%25B8%25E0%25B6%25AD%25E0%25B7%258A--%25E0%25B6%2589%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B7%258F--- |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2020 Dilhara ta lashe kyautar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Raigam Tele'es saboda rawar da ta taka a cikin jerin ''Sudu Andagena Kalu Awidin'' . Don wannan rawar, ta kuma lashe kyautar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a 2019 Sumathi Awards, tare da lashe lambar yabo ta 15 ta Sri Lankan Television State Awards a 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 March 2021 |title='Veeraya Gedara Awaith' won big at Sumathi Awards 2020 |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/news-teledramas/2021/04/01/20153/වීරයා-ගෙදර-ඇවිත්-සුමති-සම්මාන-දිනාගනී |access-date=2021-04-04 |website=Sarasaviya}}</ref> A cikin 2020, an zabi Dilhara a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a 26th Sumathi Awards don rawar da ta taka a matsayin Mahimi a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin Can You Hear Me . A cikin 2021, an zabi ta a matsayin 'Yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyawun tallafi a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Raigam Tele'es don jerin shirye-aikacen talabijin ''Pork Veediya'' sannan aka zaba a matsayin 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo mafi Kyawun Sumathi don jerin Podu 2. A cikin 2022, an sake zabar ta don kyautar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a Raigam Tele'es don jerin ''Lokaa'' . A shekara ta 2024, ta lashe lambar yabo ta Teledrama mafi mashahuriyar lambar yabo ta matasa a Popular Awards don jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ''Lalai Lilai Lai'' . <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 March 2025 |title=Michelle Dilhara, sharp as a tack, smart as a whip |url=https://www.sundayobserver.lk/2024/09/29/youth-observer/33478/michelle-dilhara-sharp-as-a-tack-smart-as-a-whip-2/ |access-date=2021-04-04 |website=Sunday Observer}}</ref> A halin yanzu, tana taka rawar da take takawa a matsayin Jakadan Ranar Duniya na Sri Lanka. Har ila yau, ita ma mai ba da shawara ce kuma mai gabatar da Net zero da tsaka-tsaki na Carbon. Ta yi aiki tare da Jakadan Koriya Santhuth Woonjin Jeong don ƙirƙirar tsarin don aiwatar da Manufar Ci Gaban Ci gaba mai dorewa 13, shirin ci gaba a cikin Ofishin Jakadancin Koriya a Sri Lanka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Korean ambassador Santhush Woonjin Jeong joined hands with Earth Day network ambassador Michelle Dilhara for a green initiative. |url=https://www.wtnzfox43.com/story/44277153/korean-ambassador-santhush-woonjin-jeong-joined-hands-with-earth-day-network-ambassador-michelle-dilhara-for-a-green-initiative |access-date=2021-09-28 |website=www.wtnzfox43.com |language=en |archive-date=2021-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127111830/https://www.wtnzfox43.com/story/44277153/korean-ambassador-santhush-woonjin-jeong-joined-hands-with-earth-day-network-ambassador-michelle-dilhara-for-a-green-initiative |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Go Green Embassy Initiative 상세보기{{!}}Embassy Notice Embassy of the Republic of Korea in the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka |url=https://overseas.mofa.go.kr/lk-en/brd/m_2309/view.do?seq=759931 |access-date=2021-09-28 |website=overseas.mofa.go.kr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Times |first=Pawtucket |title=Korean ambassador Santhush Woonjin Jeong joined hands with Earth Day network ambassador Michelle Dilhara for a green initiative. |url=https://www.pawtuckettimes.com/financial-page.html |access-date=2021-09-28 |website=Pawtucket Times |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haife ta ne a ranar 1 ga Mayu [https://evoogo.com/michelle-dilhara-wiki-height-age-boyfriend-family-biography-more/ 1996]{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} a Ragama a matsayin babba cikin 'yan uwa uku. Tana da 'yan'uwa mata biyu: Mishen Prasadika da Rochelle Fiona . Mahaifinta, Hatharasinghege Premawardena, ɗan kasuwa ne kuma mahaifiyarta, E. Jean Stella Fernando, uwar gida ce. Ta fara karatunta daga Makarantar Kasa da Kasa ta Negombo ta Kudu sannan ta koma Kwalejin 'yan mata ta Newstead, Negombo don G.C.E O / L da A / L. A lokacin makaranta, yana da shekaru 11, Dilhara ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo da Karate-do-Shitokai a karkashin Sensei Rohan P. Udayakumara . A halin yanzu, ta kuma shiga gasar zakarun Karate da yawa na gida da na duniya kuma ta lashe lambobin yabo da yawa. A shekara ta 2010, ta lashe lambar zinare a gasar cin kofin duniya ta Gōjū-ryū Karate Open . Dilhara a halin yanzu tana karatu don Digiri na waje a cikin IT da kuma Babban Diploma na Kasa a cikin Psychology. Har ila yau, tana bin darasi a kan Tsarin Kula da Kulawa don Ci gaban Yara a ƙarƙashin Babban Malami Duminda Guruge, a Jami'ar Rajarata ta Sri Lanka. == Ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo == Dilhara ta kasance memba na ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta makarantar inda ta fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a matakin makaranta a lokuta da yawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2019 |title=Michelle has been changed |url=http://www.mawbima.lk/sunday-mawbima/10/sundaymawbima-more/1126 |access-date=30 March 2019 |publisher=[[Mawbima]] |language=si |archive-date=30 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330004834/http://www.mawbima.lk/sunday-mawbima/10/sundaymawbima-more/1126 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan kammala jarrabawar A / L, ta shiga Kwalejin Abhina da tsohuwar mai zane Anoja Weerasinghe ta gudanar a watan Yulin 2016. A cewar Dilhara, Weerasinghe ita ce mai ba da shawara ta farko a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koyi yoga da kuma sarrafa murya da fuska. Daga baya a watan Oktoba 2016, ta shiga makarantar wasan kwaikwayo ta Damayanthi Fonseka don ƙarin ilimi bisa ga daidaitawar motsin rai da daidaita halin mutum a cikin wasan kwaikwayo. Daga nan sai ta shiga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Abhiranga Negombo, wacce Randika Wimalasooriya ta jagoranta a watan Yunin 2017 don ci gaba da koyon wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo. A wannan lokacin, ta sami damar yin karatun fasaha daga Daraktan gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Indiya, Ujjwal Singha === Talabijin === A cikin 2016, Dilhara ta fara fitowa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Ded Sinai Adare wanda Saranga Mendis ya jagoranta. Daga nan sai ta yi aiki a cikin shahararren jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ''Salsapuna'' wanda Nalan Mendis ya jagoranta kuma aka watsa shi a talabijin din Sirasa, wanda ya sa ta ci gaba a cikin aikin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaba ta ne don rawar "Preethiwa" wanda aka fi sani da "Podi Paththarakari" ta Sandhya Mendis, Shugaban Susila Productions. Kodayake an gabatar da halin a tsakiyar jerin, ya shahara sosai a tsakanin jama'a. A wannan lokacin, sai ta bayyana tare da rawar da ta taka a wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Mobile ''Dhara'', wanda Susila Productions ta samar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 May 2017 |title=I meditate 20 minutes everyday |url=http://navaliya.com/2017/05/22/artworld1.html |access-date=22 May 2017 |publisher=[[Navaliya]] |archive-date=14 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170714223332/http://www.navaliya.com/2017/05/22/artworld1.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="sarasaviya.lk">{{Cite web |date=5 October 2017 |title=A family that is aligned to be one family |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/teles/?fn=sa17100510 |access-date=5 October 2017 |language=si}}</ref> A cikin 2017, an zaɓi Dilhara zuwa jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ''Poori'' wanda Ranil Kulasinghe ya jagoranta, wanda aka watsa shi a gidan talabijin mai zaman kansa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2018 |title=Menaka's latest teledrama Poori |url=http://starfriends.lk/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A-%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8-%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%9A-%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93/ |access-date=13 January 2018 |publisher=starfriends}}</ref> A cikin jerin, ta taka rawar yarinya mai suna ''Maali'' . <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 April 2017 |title=Poori Teledrama On-Location |url=http://www.saaravita.lk/On-location/605966/poori-teledrama-on-location |access-date=16 April 2018 |publisher=Saaravita}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an jefa ta don wasan kwaikwayo na ''Bodhi'', wanda Sanjaya Nirmal ya jagoranta. An watsa shi a gidan talabijin na Sirasa, inda Dilhara ta taka rawar "Goddess Kali". A ƙarshen 2017, ta bayyana a cikin jerin ''Emy'' a matsayin mai suna "Emy". Sanjaya Nirmal ne ya ba da umarnin kuma an watsa shi a gidan talabijin na ITN. Halin ta ya shahara sosai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2019 |title=EMY a new path to children's teledrmas. |url=http://www.mawbima.lk/sunday-mawbima/10/sundaymawbima-more/1393 |access-date=20 April 2019 |publisher=[[Mawbima]] |language=si |archive-date=20 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420091717/http://www.mawbima.lk/sunday-mawbima/10/sundaymawbima-more/1393 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2018, ta yi aiki a cikin shahararren jerin Sidu da aka watsa a gidan Talabijin na Derana kuma Thilina Boralessa ta ba da umarni. Ta yi aiki a matsayin "mala'ika mai haske", wanda ya taimaka kuma ya kare Sidu yayin tafiyarsa tare da ƙaramin ɗan majami'a Soratha . <ref name="m1996"/> A wannan lokacin, ta yi aiki a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na fiction na kimiyya ''Thuththiri'', tare da rawar "Urmila" wanda Sanjaya Nirmal ya jagoranta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 November 2017 |title="Thuththiri" New Sinhala Mega Teledrama To Make Way To Small Screen Soon |url=http://www.asianmirror.lk/entertainment/item/26188-thuththiri-new-sinhala-mega-teledrama-to-make-way-to-small-screen-soon |access-date=24 November 2017 |publisher=Asianmirror |archive-date=1 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201034157/http://www.asianmirror.lk/entertainment/item/26188-thuththiri-new-sinhala-mega-teledrama-to-make-way-to-small-screen-soon |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="sarasaviya.lk"/> An kuma dauki wasan kwaikwayon a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Sifi a Sri Lanka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2018 |title=Fans expect different concepts |url=http://www.dinamina.lk/2018/08/14/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C/58517/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F-%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%85%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F |access-date=14 March 2018 |publisher=[[Dinamina]] |language=si |archive-date=15 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815154716/http://www.dinamina.lk/2018/08/14/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C/58517/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F-%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%85%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 October 2017 |title=Young Lankan actress Michelle Dilhara seeks immortality but for others' sake |url=http://menafn.com/1095947111/Young-Lankan-actress-Michelle-Dilhara-seeks-immortality-but-for-others-sake |access-date=27 November 2017 |publisher=Middle East North Africa Financial Network, Inc.}}</ref> A cikin 2019, Dilhara ta yi aiki a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa a cikin nau'o'i da yawa. Ta yi aiki a cikin shahararren jerin ''Sudu Andagena Kalu Awidin'' da aka watsa a Kamfanin Sri Lanka Rupavahini, wanda Sunil Costa ya jagoranta. An yaba da jerin kuma sun lashe kyaututtuka da yawa a bukukuwan kyautar talabijin na gida.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2019 |title=Sudu Andagena Kalu Awdin created with a great difficulty |url=http://mawbima.lk/sunday-mawbima/10/sundaymawbima-more/2352 |access-date=29 June 2019 |publisher=[[Mawbima]] |language=si |archive-date=2 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702234218/http://mawbima.lk/sunday-mawbima/10/sundaymawbima-more/2352 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin jerin, Dilhara ta taka rawar "Ayoma", wacce yarinya ce da ke fuskantar wahalar rayuwa. Wannan ya nuna babban rawar da ta taka a talabijin, inda ta lashe kyaututtuka uku na 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mai zuwa a Raigam Tele'es da State Television Awards.<ref name="Mawbima">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2019 |title=Sudu Andagena Kalu Avidin in sri lanka Rupavahini Corporation |url=http://www.mawbima.lk/sunday-mawbima/10/sundaymawbima-more/1003 |access-date=23 March 2019 |publisher=[[Mawbima]] |language=si |archive-date=27 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327030825/http://www.mawbima.lk/sunday-mawbima/10/sundaymawbima-more/1003 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2019 |title=I'm not doing anything to maintain my popularity |url=http://www.resa.lk/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C/2019/may/07/10887/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B1-%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B8-%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%99-%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%91-%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F |access-date=7 May 2019 |publisher=Resa }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Daga baya ta yi aiki a cikin jerin ''Haratha Hera'' wanda Chandika Wijayasena ya jagoranta. Ta taka rawar yarinya mai arziki mai suna Pabasara . <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2019 |title=Two Chandika's started Haratha Hera |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/teledramas/2019/02/21/3078/%E0%B6%A0%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AD-%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A7-%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%AD-%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92 |access-date=21 February 2019 |language=si}}</ref> Daga baya ta yi aiki a cikin jerin Haratha Hera kuma ta taka rawar yarinya mai arziki mai suna "Pabasara". A tsakiyar shekara ta 2019, ta nuna halin "Kaweesha" a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ''Dadayam Bambaru'' wanda Sanjaya Nirmal ya jagoranta, wanda aka watsa a Swarnavahini . Daga baya a wannan shekarar, ta yi aiki a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ''Kisa'', wanda shine babban rawar da ta taka na biyu, wanda Nimal Rathnayake ya jagoranta.<ref name="Alternative123"/><ref name="Mawbima123">{{Cite web |date=15 March 2020 |title=Michelle opens a Community centre for elders |url=https://mawbima.lk/sunday-mawbima/10/sundaymawbima-more/6165 |access-date=15 March 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Daga nan aka jefa ta don jerin ''Sihina Kumari'' wanda Roshan Weerasinghe ya jagoranta inda Dilhara ta taka rawar 'yan'uwa mata biyu, "Amaya da Himaya".<ref name="My life"/> A cikin 2020, ta fara yin aiki a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na ''Sihina Samagama'' wanda a halin yanzu ake watsawa a kan Swarnavahini . A watan Oktoba 2020, ta bayyana a wani jerin shirye-shiryen ban tsoro Can You Hear Me wanda aka watsa a gidan Talabijin na Kasa. Ta taka rawar yarinya mai suna "Mahimi". An zabi ta a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a 26th Sumathi Awards don wasan kwaikwayon a Can You Here Me. Jerin shine ƙoƙari na farko na ɗaukar Sri Lankan teledrama ga masu sauraro na duniya ta hanyar kafofin sada zumunta inda yake watsawa tare da subtitles na Turanci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=First-ever attempt to take Lankan teledrama international |url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/201011/magazine/first-ever-attempt-to-take-lankan-teledrama-international-419164.html |access-date=12 October 2020 |publisher=Sunday Times}}</ref> A cikin 2021, an jefa Dilhara don rawar "Chenugi" a cikin jerin Pork Street inda ta nuna halin yarinya mai matsakaicin matsayi wanda ke fama da kudi tare da mijinta. Wannan rawar ta ba ta gabatarwa don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a 2021 Raigam Tele Awards . A wannan shekarar ta bayyana a matsayin Dewani a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Race, wanda aka watsa a Siyatha TV . A cikin 2022, an jefa Dilhara don halin Dushi a cikin shahararren jerin shirye-shiryen TV Podu Season 2 wanda aka watsa a gidan talabijin Derana . Sharmila Dharmarasa ce ta ba da umarnin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin. Dilhara ta nuna halin yarinya mai arziki wacce ke tsakiyar triangle na soyayya. A wannan shekarar, ta bayyana a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Looka wanda Jayaprakash Sivagurunathan ya jagoranta. An watsa jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin a cikin Cibiyar Talabijin mai zaman kanta. Dilhara ta nuna halin "Navya" kuma rawar da ta taka a Looka ta ba ta gabatarwa don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a 19th Raigam Tele Awards . A cikin 2023, an jefa Dilhara don jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ''Kaasi'', wanda Iresh Lokubandara ya jagoranta wanda aka watsa a Kamfanin Sri Lanka Rupavahini. Ta nuna halin Sagarika, yarinya mai matsakaicin matsayi wanda iyayenta suka tilasta masa ya auri mutumin da ya ninka shekarunta sau biyu a matsayin mafita ga matsalolin kudi. A cikin wannan shekarar, an zaba ta don rawar ''Malki'' a cikin jerin ''Sidadiye Samanaliyo'' wanda sanannen ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Dhananjaya Siriwardena ya jagoranta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coming through Malki in Sidadiye Samanalio – Michelle Dilhara |url=https://divaina.lk/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9A-%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9D-%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92-%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A/ |access-date=2021-02-09 |website=Divaina |archive-date=2023-05-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529164212/https://divaina.lk/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9A-%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9D-%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92-%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Dilhara ta fara fim dinta a fim din wasanni na 2018, ''Udumabara'', a matsayin rawar goyon baya, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Will Ananda's dream comes true through Udumbara? |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/2018/10/18/?fn=sa1810181 |access-date=21 October 2018 |publisher=Sarasaviya}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2018 |title=I'm still new to this field |url=http://old.lankadeepa.lk/index.php/articles/596972 |access-date=14 Nov 2018 |publisher=[[Lankadeepa]] |language=si |archive-date=10 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110184528/http://old.lankadeepa.lk/index.php/articles/596972 |url-status=dead }}</ref> na "Michelle", mai basira mai basira wanda ya yi gasa da halin jagora. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2018 |title=Michelle enters to cinema with Udumbara |url=https://starnews.lk/%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F-%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F-%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%A7-%E0%B6%86-%E0%B6%B8/ |access-date=4 November 2018 |publisher=Starnews |language=si |archive-date=2 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502014136/https://starnews.lk/%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F-%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F-%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%A7-%E0%B6%86-%E0%B6%B8/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Baya ga yin wasan kwaikwayo == Baya ga yin wasan kwaikwayo, ta kuma shiga cikin tallace-tallace na talabijin da yawa ciki har da shahararrun tallace-tafiyen shayi na Maliban a cikin 2017 da 2018. Daga baya a cikin 2018, ta dauki bakuncin shirin kiɗa na ''16+'' wanda aka watsa a gidan talabijin na Sirasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=16+- 2018.07.08 &#124; Sirasa TV |url=http://sirasatv.lk/2018/07/09/16-2018-07-08/}}</ref> A cikin 2019, ta dauki bakuncin shirin nishaɗi na Weekend Vinode tare da Udith Abeyrathne da Rukshana Dissanayake wanda ake watsawa kowace Asabar a kan Swarnawahini . <ref name="Mawbima"/> A cikin 2018, ta yi aiki a cikin bidiyon kiɗa ''Hitha Mage Nokiyama'' wanda sabon mai zuwa Dilani Kasthuriarachchi ya rera.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2020 |title=Michelle Dilhara - Hitha Mage Nokiyami music video |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpBxbIu0sME |access-date=15 July 2020 |publisher=[[YouTube]] |language=en}}</ref> A cikin 2019, ta yi aiki a cikin bidiyon kiɗa na Nilan Hettiarachchi ''Adara Belman'' . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2020 |title=Michelle Dilhara Adara Belman Music Video by Nilan Hettiarachchi ft Gayani Madusha |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJ1E3wp4E1g |access-date=15 July 2020 |publisher=[[YouTube]] |language=en}}</ref> Ta kuma yi aiki tare don bidiyon kiɗa ''Umathu Prema Kumara'' wanda Sashika Nisansala ya rera a cikin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2020 |title=Umathu Prema Kumara (උමතු ප්‍රේම කුමරා) – Shashika Nisansala Ft. Michelle Dilhara Official Video |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0xgzo9CSIc |access-date=15 July 2020 |publisher=[[YouTube]] |language=en}}</ref> === Ayyukan marubuci === A cikin 2019, Dilhara ya rubuta littafin "Social Invisibility is not a Fiction it Exists" bayan bincike na shekaru hudu tare da Farfesa Antonette Perera, Dokta Parakrama Warnasuriya da Dokta Shiromi Fernando . <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=15 September 2019 |title=Michelle was loved by her fans in Kandy |url=https://mawbima.lk/sunday-mawbima/10/sundaymawbima-more/3487 |access-date=15 September 2019 |publisher=[[Mawbima]] |language=si |archive-date=10 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110145744/https://mawbima.lk/sunday-mawbima/10/sundaymawbima-more/3487 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Littafin ya bayyana game da mutanen da ba a ganuwa ba saboda launin fata, sakaci, nuna bambanci, shekaru da shingen harshe, da kuma yadda za a rage rashin ganuwa da warewar jama'a. A cikin 2019 ta sami lambar yabo ta National Youth Icon don littafinta a taron matasa na duniya da aka gudanar a New Delhi, Indiya. <ref name="auto" /> === Ayyukan kiɗa === A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2023, Dilhara ta fara waka tare da waƙar fim din "Mini Meulen" a fim din ''Sri Wickrama'' wanda Mohan Niyaz ya jagoranta. Nilar N. Cassim ne ya rubuta waƙar kuma Dinesh Subasinghe ne ya kirkiro ta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-15 |title=From Actress to Ambassador |url=https://www.dailynews.lk/2023/11/24/entertainment/252687/from-actress-to-ambassador/ |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=dailynews.lk}}</ref> == Taimako == === Abin da ba a ganuwa zuwa motsi mai ganuwa === Tun yana da shekaru 15, Dilhara yana so ya zama mai ba da agaji. Ta fara gudanar da shirye-shiryen tallafin karatu na Turanci kyauta ga ɗaliban da ke fama da ƙalubalen kuɗi a [[Sri Lanka]] tare da goyon bayan malamin Ingilishi Danushka Clark . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 March 2018 |title=Podipatharakari is a teacher |url=http://old.lankadeepa.lk/index.php/articles/590465 |access-date=28 September 2018 |publisher=[[Lankadeepa]] |language=si |archive-date=4 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004104227/http://old.lankadeepa.lk/index.php/articles/590465 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 November 2017 |title=Love is a very profound subject |url=http://admin.lankadeepa.lk/index.php/articles/548091 |access-date=27 November 2017 |publisher=[[Lankadeepa]] |language=si }}{{Dead link|date=September 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A cikin 2013, ta kammala gwajin ƙwarewar harshen Jafananci. A cikin 2018, Dilhara ta fara "Motsi marar ganuwa ga ganuwa" ga mutanen da ke fama da rashin ganuwa da warewar jama'a. An fara shi da dalibai 200 a garin Divulapitiya, shirin yanzu ya girma har zuwa dalibai 1000 a ƙarshe. An fara shirin tallafin karatu a matsayin wani sashi na motsi mai suna The Invisible to Visible . <ref name="sundayobserver123" /> Mutanen tsibirin sun yaba da aikin sosai wanda ke inganta su don haɓaka ƙwarewar sadarwa tare da duniya da ƙirƙirar hanyar da za su kusanci kasuwar aiki ta duniya ta hanyar ayyukan kan layi.<ref name="ceylontoday123" /><ref name="sundayobserver123" /> A cikin 2020, Dilhara ta kafa cibiyar al'umma da ake kira ''Senehas Arana'' don 'yan ƙasa da suka yi ritaya waɗanda ke fama da rashin ganuwa da warewar jama'a a yankin Divulapitiya. Tare da cibiyar al'umma, ta fitar da ka'idarta ta farko "The Theory of Alternative Social Cogwheel", wanda shine ka'idar zamantakewar al'umma game da yadda ake shafar mutane saboda dalilai kamar [[Tsufa|tsofaffi]], mutanen da ke da nakasa, matsayin ilimi, shingen ga tsofaffi a samun sabbin ayyuka, nuna bambanci, da tashin hankali.<ref name="Alternative123">{{Cite web |date=24 February 2020 |title=The Theory of Alternative Social Cogwheel by Michelle Dilhara |url=http://www.ft.lk/lifestyle/The-Theory-of-Alternative-Social-Cogwheel-by-Michelle-Dilhara/8-696198 |access-date=24 February 2020 |publisher=[[Daily FT]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2020 |title=I dedicate my life for elders |url=http://www.aruna.lk/%e0%b7%80%e0%b7%90%e0%b6%a9%e0%b7%92%e0%b7%84%e0%b7%92%e0%b6%a7%e0%b7%92%e0%b6%ba%e0%b6%b1%e0%b7%8a-%e0%b7%80%e0%b7%99%e0%b6%b1%e0%b7%94%e0%b7%80%e0%b7%99%e0%b6%b1%e0%b7%8a-%e0%b6%a2%e0%b7%93%e0%b7%80/ |access-date=15 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="Mawbima123"/> == Yunkurin kare muhalli == A cikin 2016, Dilhara ta shirya kamfen tare da Manusha D. Navarathna, mai fafutukar kare muhalli, don rage lalacewar muhalli game da [[Canjin yanayi]]. An gudanar da kamfen ɗin ne a filin rairayin bakin teku na Negombo na kwanaki uku a jere daga 26 zuwa 28 Fabrairu 2016 don cire duk abubuwan filastik da ke kewaye da rairayin kan teku.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2018 |title=If you do the right thing you will get the right result – Michelle Dilhara |url=http://www.rivira.lk/online/2018/06/09/151570 |access-date=23 June 2018 |publisher=Rivira |language=si}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2017, ta shirya kamfen don ranar haihuwarta ta 22 don canza mayar da hankali ga matasa don tallafawa matalauta su tsaya a ƙafafunsu maimakon ɓata lokaci a wasannin bidiyo. A lokacin kamfen dinta, ita tare da matasa da yawa sun tattara fiye da kilo dubu na shinkafa kuma sun ba da su ga iyalai masu bukata a ƙauyen Pinnakalewattha.<ref name="Michelle Dilhara B'day Celebration">{{Cite web |date=15 October 2018 |title=Michelle Dilhara B'day Celebration |url=http://admin.lankadeepa.lk/index.php/articles/520638 |access-date=15 October 2018 |publisher=[[Lankadeepa]] |language=si }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Daga baya a watan Agusta a wannan shekarar, ita tare da Navarathna sun shirya wani aikin dasa bishiyoyi 1000 a matsayin mafita don rage [[Matsalar Yanayi|Rikicin yanayi]] da ke gudana saboda [[Canjin yanayi|dumamar yanayi]] da [[Canjin yanayi]]. An dasa bishiyoyin a Katana, gundumar Gampaha ta Sri Lanka . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-07-09 |title=Actress Michelle collaborates with Korean Embassy |url=https://www.sundayobserver.lk/2021/07/11/actress-michelle-collaborates-korean-embassy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711013812/http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2021/07/11/actress-michelle-collaborates-korean-embassy |archive-date=11 July 2021 |access-date=2021-10-06 |website=Sunday Observer |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nadeera |first=Dilshan |title=Korean embassy launches "Go Green Embassy" campaign |url=http://island.lk/korean-embassy-launches-go-green-embassy-campaign/ |access-date=2021-10-06 |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2020, Dilhara ta gudanar da shirye-shiryen wayar da kan jama'a da yawa game da canjin yanayi da rashin ganuwa a jami'o'i, makarantu, jaridu, da shirye-aikacen talabijin.<ref name="Alternative123"/> A watan Yulin 2020, Dilhara ta shirya sansanin sauyin yanayi na kwana uku don yara, matasa da matasa tare da Navarathna da Clark. Shirin ya haɗa da shigar da matasa don dawo da duniya da kuma yin wuri mafi kyau don rayuwa a nan gaba. Sansanin ya haɗa da ayyukan don rage Rashin Muhalli da shirya tsaftace rairayin bakin teku, shirye-shiryen wayar da kan jama'a, da kamfen kamar dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 7 ga Maris 2021, ta gudanar da shirin wayar da kan jama'a kan Canjin Yanayi da Warming na Duniya a taron GreenCon 2021 wanda kungiyar Interact Club ta Wycherley International School ta shirya inda aka gudanar da taron a Cinnamon Grand Colombo. A halin yanzu, a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2021, ta gudanar da shirin wayar da kan jama'a game da Kasuwancin Abinci da Tasirinta akan Ƙazantar da Muhalli tare da haɗin gwiwar Food For All Kadamandiya Food Bank. Ta fi mayar da hankali kan wayar da kan jama'a game da rage lalacewar abinci wanda ke da babban gudummawa ga canjin yanayi da dumamar duniya da kuma yadda za a cimma burin ci gaba mai dorewa 2: Zero Hunger ta hanyar adana abinci da aka lalata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Let's Share, What We Have |url=https://kafb.lk/ |access-date=2021-05-17 |website=kafb.lk |archive-date=2021-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623094025/https://kafb.lk/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Haɗin gwiwar jami'a === Dilhara ta gudanar da shirin wayar da kan jama'a kan Canjin Yanayi da Rashin Ganuwa a Jami'ar Rajarata ta Sri Lanka tare da Najith Guruge, Babban Malami na Ma'aikatar Kula da Lafiya. An gudanar da shirin wayar da kan jama'a ga dalibai a Faculty of Applied Sciences . A ranar 2 ga watan Yulin 2020, ta gudanar da wani shirin wayar da kan jama'a tare da babban malami na Sashen Lissafi da Kudi Rasika Devundara a Jami'ar Sabaragamuwa ta Sri Lanka . Shirin ya dogara ne akan Canjin Yanayi da Ci gaban Mutum kuma an gudanar da shi ne ga ɗaliban Kwalejin Nazarin Gudanarwa. An gudanar da shirin wayar da kan jama'a don sanar da dalibai game da tasirin canjin yanayi da kuma yadda za a bunkasa mutuntakarsu da amincewar kansu a matsayin daliban jami'a. A ranar 6 ga Afrilu 2021, Dilhara ta yi aiki tare da Jami'ar Uva Wellassa kuma ta shirya shirin dasa bishiyoyi a cikin ɗakin jami'ar tare da shirin wayar da kan jama'a. Shirin ya fara ne daga Darakta na Sashin Gudanar da Ayyuka Dokta Janaka Siyambalapitiya da kuma Mai ba da shawara na Sashin Jagoran Ayyuka, Akila Aushada Bandara. Babban abin da aka mayar da hankali ga taron shi ne karfafa jami'ar don yaki da canjin yanayi da dumamar yanayi. A ranar 21 ga Maris 2021, ta shiga Jami'ar Peradeniya kuma ta rarraba jakar shinkafa da busassun abinci ga gidajen tsofaffi waɗanda ba su karɓi abinci ba saboda annobar COVID-19 a Sri Lanka. <ref name="ardent">{{Cite web |date=16 April 2021 |title=Dilhara, an ardent promoter of eco-friendly environments |url=http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2021/04/18/spectrum/dilhara-ardent-promoter-eco-friendly-environments |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003749/http://sundayobserver.lk/2021/04/18/spectrum/dilhara-ardent-promoter-eco-friendly-environments |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=2021-05-17 |website=Sunday Observer}}</ref> Dilhara ta shirya shirin dasa bishiyoyi tare da Jami'ar Sri Jayewardenepura a ranar 12 ga Maris 2021. An dasa nau'ikan bishiyoyi daban-daban guda shida a cikin ɗakin jami'a yayin shirin. Dilhara kuma ta gudanar da shirin wayar da kan jama'a ga mahalarta yayin taron game da yadda daliban jami'a zasu iya ba da gudummawa wajen rage canjin yanayi da dumamar duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 April 2021 |title=The money earned from acting is used for social service: Michelle Dilhara |url=http://www.silumina.lk/2021/04/17/රසඳුන/රංගනයෙන්-ලැබෙන-මුදල්-සමාජ-සේවයට-යොදවනවා |access-date=2021-06-04 |website=Silumina}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 2021, ta gudanar da lacca game da canjin yanayi "Hear Earth" wanda AIESEC ta shirya a Jami'ar Moratuwa. An gabatar da shirin ne da manufar wayar da kan jama'a game da rage canjin yanayi, dumamar duniya, da gurɓataccen yanayi.<ref name="ardent"/> A ranar 8 ga Yuni 2021, Dilhara ta gudanar da shirin wayar da kan jama'a game da Maido da Tsarin Muhalli a Jami'ar Colombo tare da Babban Farfesa Chandrika Wijerathna - Mataimakin Shugaban, Farfesa Erandathie Lokupitiya, da Farfesa [[Siril]] Wijesundara. A ranar 12 ga Satumba 2021, ta gudanar da shirin wayar da kan jama'a game da Deforestation da Global Warming a Jami'ar Jaffna . A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022, Dilhara ta yi aiki tare da Jami'ar Wayamba ta Sri Lanka kuma ta kaddamar da kungiyar "Tree for Life", sannan ta biyo bayan shirin wayar da kan jama'a da shirin dasa bishiyoyi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jayawardane |first=Ishara |title=Breaking the glass ceiling of social invisibility |url=https://archives1.dailynews.lk/2023/03/03/entertainment/298534/breaking-glass-ceiling-social-invisibility |access-date=3 February 2024 |website=Daily News }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta yi aiki tare da IEEE WIE Student Branch Group na Jami'ar Tsaro ta Janar Sir John Kotelawala kuma ta gudanar da shirin "EmpowHer" tare da Farfesa Wasana Maithree Herath . An shirya taron ne game da bikin [[Ranar mata ta duniya|Ranar Mata ta Duniya]] a ranar 8 ga Maris 2021.<ref name="ardent"/> == Haɗin gwiwar kasa da kasa == === Taron Matasan Kudancin Asiya === A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2018, Dilhara ita ce mai karbar bakuncin taron matasa na Kudancin Asiya na 2 da aka gudanar a Sri Lanka. An gudanar da taron ne tare da halartar al'ummar SAARC masu lura da su da kuma mutane daga ko'ina cikin Asiya. A lokacin taron, ta lashe kyautar "Asia Inspiration Award" 2018 saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga masu ba da agaji na Kudancin Asiya. === Taron Matasa na Duniya === A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019, ta dauki bakuncin taron matasa na duniya wanda aka gudanar a New Delhi, Indiya. === Cibiyar Ranar Duniya === A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2020, Cibiyar Ranar Duniya ta gayyaci Dilhara don nunawa a cikin kamfen ɗin My Future My Voice . A matsayin babban mai daukar ma'aikata a duniya ga ƙungiyar muhalli, kamfen ɗin dandamali ne na muhalli ga matasa don "Maido da ƙasarmu". Ta fito tare da wasu matasa 50 daga kasashe 17 a ranar cika shekaru 50 na Ranar Duniya, inda ta yi jawabi a taron kan yadda za a rage sawun carbon, manufar sharar gida, ci gaban makamashi mai sabuntawa, rage hayakin gas, adana albarkatun halitta da ilimantar da marasa arziki. Wannan taron ya ga halartar sanannun mutane na duniya ciki har da [[Francis (fafaroma)|Paparoma Francis]], Denis Hayes, Albert II, Yarima na [[Monaco]], Al Gore, Patricia Espinosa, John Kerry, Zac Efron da Anil Kapoor. A halin yanzu, a ranar 11 ga Mayu 2020, an nada ta a matsayin Jakadan Ranar Duniya a Sri Lanka. === Ranar Ruwan Kasa da Kasa === A ranar 29 ga watan Yulin, Dilhara ta shiga cikin bikin yanar gizo na Ranar Ruwan Duniya wanda Cibiyar Ranar Duniya ta shirya. Ta fito tare da wasu sanannun jakadun Earth Day Network kamar su mawaƙin Indiya na Burtaniya da mawaƙa Soumik Datta, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Thai Alex Rendell, Bombay Jayashri Ramnath, mai ba da sauti na gargajiya na Indiya Kaushiki Chakraborty, mawaƙin Indiya Ricky Kej, Sonam Wangchuk da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ya Filipino Dingdong Dantes . === Ofishin Jakadancin Koriya === A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2021, ta yi aiki tare da Jakadan Koriya na Sri Lanka, Santhush Woonjin Jeong, kuma ta fara shirin 'Go Green Embassy'. An fara shirin ne da manufar canza Ofishin Jakadancin zuwa Ofishin Jakadun Green don haka cimma tsaka-tsaki na Carbon da kuma net-zero dangane da taron P4G [[Seoul]]. A lokacin shirin, an dasa itacen ''Mesua ferrea'' a ofishin jakadancin da ke nuna alamar abokantaka ta Sri Lanka Korea.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-07-09 |title=Actress Michelle collaborates with Korean Embassy |url=https://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2021/07/11/actress-michelle-collaborates-korean-embassy |access-date=2021-08-20 |website=Sunday Observer |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-07-09 |title=Korean embassy launches "Go Green Embassy" campaign |url=https://island.lk/korean-embassy-launches-go-green-embassy-campaign/ |access-date=2021-08-20 |website=The Island |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Korean ambassador Santhush Woonjin Jeong joined hands with Earth Day network ambassador Michelle Dilhara for a green initiative. |url=https://www.wboc.com/story/44277153/korean-ambassador-santhush-woonjin-jeong-joined-hands-with-earth-day-network-ambassador-michelle-dilhara-for-a-green-initiative |access-date=2021-09-28 |website=www.wboc.com |language=en |archive-date=2021-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928050940/https://www.wboc.com/story/44277153/korean-ambassador-santhush-woonjin-jeong-joined-hands-with-earth-day-network-ambassador-michelle-dilhara-for-a-green-initiative |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Mayu 2022, Jakadan Koriya na Sri Lanka, Santhush Woonjin Jeong ya gayyaci Dilhara a matsayin mai magana da baki zuwa bikin buɗewa na "Koriya Week 2022" wanda aka gudanar a Cibiyar Birnin Colombo. Ofishin Jakadancin Koriya a Sri Lanka ne ya kaddamar da taron don tunawa da shekaru 45 na dangantakar diflomasiyya tsakanin Koriya da Sri Lanka. Tsohon ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Ravindra Randeniya, Ambasada da yawa da sauran wakilan daga Koriya sun shiga cikin taron.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-07-09 |title="Korea Week 2022" to light up Colombo with a message of Hope and Friendship |url=https://www.https/ |access-date=2022-05-15 |website=Sunday Island |language=en |archive-date=2013-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130819141428/http://https/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Taron Duniya na ICSE === A ranar 9 ga Satumba 2022, an gayyaci Dilhara a matsayin wakili da mai magana don Taron Duniya na ICSE na 4 wanda aka gudanar a New Delhi, Indiya tare da halartar wakilai 50 daga kasashe 50 ciki har da [[UNICEF]], UNESCO, UNEP da WWF. Ta yi jawabi ga taron game da Nazarin Yanayi da Ilimi mai dorewa.<ref name="keen">{{Cite web |date=16 April 2021 |title=Michelle Dilhara, a keen environmentalist |url=https://www.sundayobserver.lk/2023/11/05/youth-observer/8261/michelle-dilhara-a-keen-environmentalist/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105172520/https://www.sundayobserver.lk/2023/11/05/youth-observer/8261/michelle-dilhara-a-keen-environmentalist/ |archive-date=5 November 2023 |access-date=2021-06-04 |website=Sunday Observer}}</ref> Dokta Ram Boojh ne ya shirya taron, babban jami'in zartarwa na Gidauniyar Mobius, Indiya. === Jami'ar Delhi === A watan Satumbar 2023, ta yi aiki tare da Jami'ar Delhi kuma ta shirya aikin dasa bishiyoyi a harabar jami'ar tare da shirin wayar da kan jama'a da aka gudanar ga daliban shekara ta uku na Ma'aikatar Muhalli.<ref name="keen"/> Daga baya Kwalejin Ramanujan ta gayyace ta, kwalejin da ke cikin Jami'ar Delhi ta Kudu. Ta ba da lacca game da Muhalli mai dorewa ga ɗaliban shekara ta ƙarshe na Ma'aikatar Muhalli.<ref name="keen" /> == Kyaututtuka == Dilhara ta lashe kyaututtuka da yawa a bukukuwan kyaututtaka na kasa da kasa da na gida ciki har da, <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2018 |title=Young generation can change the world |url=http://www.navaliya.com/2018/12/24/navaindex.htm |access-date=24 December 2018 |publisher=[[Navaliya]] |archive-date=7 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107060910/http://www.navaliya.com/2018/12/24/navaindex.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2016 |title=Appreciation for what have done |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/features/2018/12/20/1773/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%85-%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B3%E0%B6%A7-%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%85-%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B3%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A |access-date=20 December 2016 |language=si}}</ref> Taron Matasan Kudancin Asiya da Taron Matasa na Duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2018 |title=Shining star Michel receives an international award for philanthropy |url=http://www.mawbima.lk/article20171001MB20180331.php?id=9781 |access-date=12 December 2018 |publisher=[[Mawbima]] |language=si |archive-date=12 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181212135554/http://mawbima.lk/article20171001MB20180331.php?id=9781 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2018 |title=Mesmerising Michelle |url=http://sundayobserver.lk/2018/12/16/youth-observer/mesmerising-michelle |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216175927/http://sundayobserver.lk/2018/12/16/youth-observer/mesmerising-michelle |archive-date=16 December 2018 |access-date=16 December 2018 |publisher=[[Sunday Observer (Sri Lanka)|Sunday Observer]]}}</ref> Ta kuma sami lambar yabo daga [[Malaysia]])" id="mwAxA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Minister of Youth and Sports (Malaysia)">Ministan Matasa da Wasanni na Malaysia, Mr.Syed Saddiq .   '''Kyaututtuka na Musamman''' * A cikin 2018 Dilhara ta lashe lambar yabo ta Asiya a taron matasa na Asiya ta Kudu saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga Rashin ganuwa na zamantakewa * A shekara ta 2019 ta lashe lambar yabo ta kasa ta matasa a taron matasa na duniya don Philanthropy .<ref name="Alternative123"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 35bqlswmznet1yme8t57jhjfp4ni4vv 0 107246 843287 744667 2026-05-30T09:58:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843287 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Nicki_Becker_(53547395224).jpg|alt=Portrait of a young woman with long hair and a direct stare. She is resting her face in her left hand in a thoughtful manner.|thumb|Hoton Nicola Becker]] '''Nicole''' "'''Nicki'''" '''Becker''' ([[Buenos Aires]]) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jacobo |first=Julia |date=4 November 2021 |title=COP26: These are the young activists taking the fight against global warming by storm |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/cop26-young-activists-taking-fight-global-warming-storm/story?id=80774213 |access-date=21 April 2022 |website=ABC News |language=en}}</ref> 'yar gwagwarmayar yanayi ce daga Argentina kuma ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Jóvenes por el Clima, wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Jumma'a don Ƙomar gaba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sinai |first=Javier |date=2019-11-21 |title=Quién es Nicole Becker, la referente de los adolescentes argentinos que luchan contra la crisis climática {{!}} RED/ACCIÓN |url=https://www.redaccion.com.ar/quien-es-nicole-becker-la-referente-de-los-adolescentes-argentinos-que-luchan-contra-la-crisis-climatica/ |access-date=2022-04-21 |language=es |archive-date=2021-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428090515/https://www.redaccion.com.ar/quien-es-nicole-becker-la-referente-de-los-adolescentes-argentinos-que-luchan-contra-la-crisis-climatica/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Becker ya zama zakaran matasa na [[Yarjejeniyar Escazú|Yarjejeniyar Escazu]] da Tsabtace-tsabtace da Ruwa ga Dukkanin (SWA) a cikin 2021. == Tarihi da ilimi == Becker 'yar mahaifin da yake lauya ne mai aikata laifuka kuma mahaifiyar da ke koyar da lissafi kuma tana zaune a Caballito . [1] Bayan ta fahimci canjin yanayi yana da tasirin zamantakewa da na muhalli, Becker ta canza tafarkinta a kwaleji daga ilimin halayyar dan adam zuwa dokar kasa da kasa a shekarar farko.[2] A halin yanzu tana karatun shari'a a Jami'ar Buenos Aires.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sinay |first=Javier |date=2019-11-21 |title=Quién es Nicole Becker, la referente de los adolescentes argentinos que luchan contra la crisis climática {{!}} |url=https://www.redaccion.com.ar/quien-es-nicole-becker-la-referente-de-los-adolescentes-argentinos-que-luchan-contra-la-crisis-climatica/ |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=RED/ACCIÓN |language=es |archive-date=2021-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428090515/https://www.redaccion.com.ar/quien-es-nicole-becker-la-referente-de-los-adolescentes-argentinos-que-luchan-contra-la-crisis-climatica/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bottollier-Depois |first=Amélie |last2=Hood |first2=Marlowe |date=10 October 2019 |title=Young people take to the streets for climate: Who are they? |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2019/12/08/young-people-take-to-the-streets-for-climate-who-are-they.html |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=The Jakarta Post |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bugacoff |first=Por Julieta |date=2021-05-31 |title=Nicole Becker: la joven que llama la atención sobre la crisis climática |url=https://distintaslatitudes.net/destacado/nicole-becker-joven-llama-atencion-sobre-crisis-climatica |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=Distintas Latitudes |language=es}}</ref> == Yunkurin fafutuka == Tun tana 'yar shekara takwas, Becker ta riga ta shiga Habonim Dror kuma ta kasance wani ɓangare na Ni una menos . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mortimer |first=Victoria |date=2020-01-10 |title=Quién es Nicole Becker, la "Greta" argentina |url=https://www.bioguia.com/ambiente/quien-es-nicole-becker-la-greta-argentina_71247874.html |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=Bioguia |language=es}}</ref> Yunkurin kare muhalli ya fara ne a watan Fabrairun 2019 lokacin da ta ga bidiyon Instagram na matasa suna yin tafiya a Turai, kuma [[Greta Thunberg]] ta zama cibiyar batun. Saboda an gudanar da Maris na farko na Duniya don Rikicin Yanayi a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2019, Becker, [[Bruno Rodriguez (ɗan gwagwarmaya)|Bruno Rodriguez]], da sauran abokansu uku sun yanke shawarar neman Jóvenes por el Clima, wani ɓangare na Yanayin Matasa, a ƙarshen Fabrairu 2019. Sun yanke shawarar shirya tafiyar a Argentina, tare da mutane 5,000 bayan kafa kungiyar. Kungiyar tana tura Argentina don yin Sanarwar Gaggawa ta Yanayi da Muhalli.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Yaccar |first=María Daniela |date=15 August 2021 |title=Cómo es la militancia de los jóvenes argentinos para detener el cambio climático {{!}} Un informe de la ONU advierte de consecuencias "sin precedentes" |url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/361578-como-es-la-militancia-de-los-jovenes-argentinos-para-detener |access-date=2022-04-21 |website= |publisher=Pagina12 |archive-date=2022-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421223951/https://www.pagina12.com.ar/361578-como-es-la-militancia-de-los-jovenes-argentinos-para-detener |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gwamnati a karshe ta ayyana a ranar 17 ga Yulin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 July 2019 |title=CED regions in Argentina |url=https://www.cedamia.org/ced-regions-in-argentina/ |access-date=2022-04-21 |website= |publisher=CEDAMIA}}</ref> A cikin 2019, ta sami tallafi don halartar taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Yanayi a Madrid a madadin matasa na Argentina. A matsayin wani ɓangare na kamfen ɗin UnaSolaGeneración a Ranar Yara ta Duniya ta [[UNICEF]] da America Solidaria don inganta canjin yanayi ga matasa a kusa da Latin Amurka da [[Karibiyan|Caribbean]] a lokacin annobar COVID-19, Becker ya zama ɗaya daga cikin wakilan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 November 2020 |title=One Planet, #UnaSolaGeneración |url=https://www.unicef.org/lac/en/press-releases/one-planet-unasolageneracion |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=www.unicef.org |language=en}}</ref> A cikin 2019, Becker ya zo [[Taron Sauyin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2019|Taron Canjin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2019]] a ƙarƙashin tallafin a matsayin wakilin matasa na Argentina. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-25 |title=Youth engagement |url=https://www.sanitationandwaterforall.org/about/our-work/youth-engagement |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=Sanitation and Water for All (SWA) |language=en |archive-date=2022-02-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208203505/https://www.sanitationandwaterforall.org/about/our-work/youth-engagement |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga baya, ta koma Taron Canjin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2021 kuma ta sadu da Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dattijai [[António Guterres|Antonio Guterres]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 November 2021 |title=Glasgow / COP 26 Greta and Climate Activists |url=https://www.unmultimedia.org/tv/unifeed/asset/2679/2679993 |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=United Nations UN Audiovisual Library |language=en}}</ref> == Daraja == Majalisar Wakilai ta ba ta difloma da lambar yabo don girmama gudummawar da ta bayar ga aikin zamantakewa a ranar 10 ga Maris 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2020 |title=LA CÁMARA DE DIPUTADOS DE LA NACIÓN DISTINGUIÓ A MUJERES DESTACADAS |url=https://www.diputados.gov.ar/prensa/noticias/2020/noticias_1237.html |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=www.diputados.gov.ar |archive-date=2021-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609002301/https://www.diputados.gov.ar/prensa/noticias/2020/noticias_1237.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Access Initiative (TAI), Hukumar Tattalin Arziki ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Latin Amurka da Caribbean (UN ECLAC), da Gwamnatin Costa Rica sun nada Becker a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasa biyar na matasa da suka gaji [[David R. Boyd]] a ranar cika shekaru biyu da [[Yarjejeniyar Escazú|Yarjejeniyar Escazu]] a matsayin Mataimakin Matasa na UNICEF a cikin 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 March 2020 |title=STATEMENT: 5 Youth Champions of Escazú Announced |url=https://www.wri.org/news/statement-5-youth-champions-escazu-announced |access-date=21 April 2022 |publisher=[[World Resources Institute]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=UNICEF Youth Advocates 2020 |url=https://www.unicef.org/world-childrens-day/unicef-youth-advocates-2020 |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=www.unicef.org |language=en}}</ref> A cikin 2021, SWA ta zaba ta a matsayin "Matashiyar Gasar Shirin".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-09 |title=SWA Names its 2021 Youth Champion |url=https://www.sanitationandwaterforall.org/news/swa-names-its-2021-youth-champion |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=Sanitation and Water for All (SWA) |language=en |archive-date=2021-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527060137/https://www.sanitationandwaterforall.org/news/swa-names-its-2021-youth-champion |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyuka == Becker ya zama mai karɓar bakuncin shirin rediyo na FutuRöck mai taken Permitido pisar el pasto tare da Rodriguez . [1] Ita ma marubuciya ce ga El Diario.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 April 2021 |title=Con Permitido pisar el pasto, FutuRöck incorpora un ambientalismo popular y accesible |url=https://www.grupolaprovincia.com/espectaculos/con-permitido-pisar-el-pasto-futuroumlck-incorpora-un-ambientalismo-popular-y-accesible-689644 |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=Grupo La Provincia |language=es |archive-date=2021-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210402170519/https://www.grupolaprovincia.com/espectaculos/con-permitido-pisar-el-pasto-futuroumlck-incorpora-un-ambientalismo-popular-y-accesible-689644 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nicki Becker |url=https://www.eldiarioar.com/autores/nicki-becker/ |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=www.eldiarioar.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] jvxo56px2p7aur3hdfp2bknenl67mw4 0 107488 842776 671261 2026-05-29T21:03:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Moctar Ouane''' (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga watan Oktoba shekarar 1955) ɗan diflomasiyyar Mali ne kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin mukaddashin Firayim Minista na Mali daga 27 ga Satumba 2020 zuwa 24 ga Mayu shekarar 2021, tsakanin Juyin mulkin Mali na 2020 da juyin mulkin Malian na shekarar 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Emmanuel Akinwotu |date=25 May 2021 |title=Mali: leader of 2020 coup takes power after president’s arrest |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/may/24/mali-president-prime-minister-and-defence-minister-arrested-sources-say |publisher=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Ya kuma yi aiki a gwamnatin Mali a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Waje daga Mayu shekarar2004 zuwa Afrilu shekarar 2011. == Ayyukan diflomasiyya == Ouane ya kasance mai ba da shawara na fasaha ga Sakatare Janar na Gwamnati daga 1982 zuwa 1986, shugaban Yarjejeniya da Sashen Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje a shekarar 1986, mai ba da shawarar diflomasiyya ga Firayim Minista daga shekarar 1986 zuwa shekarar 1988, shugaban ma'aikata (shugaban majalisar ministoci) na Sakatare-Janar na Shugaban kasa daga shekarar 1988 zuwa shekarar 1990, mai ba da shawarwarin diflomasiyyar ga Shugaba [[Moussa Traoré]] daga shekarar 1990 zuwa shekarar 1991 da kuma ga shugaban kasa [[Amadou Toumani Touré]] daga shekarar 1991 zuwa shekarar 1992, sannan kuma mai ba da kuma mai ba shi shawara na diflomasiya ga Firayim minista a shekarar 1992. Ya kasance mai ba da shawara kan siyasa ga Ministan Harkokin Waje daga shekarar 1994 zuwa 1995 kafin ya zama wakilin dindindin na Mali a [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] a ranar 27 ga Satumba shekarar 1995; ya yi aiki a wannan mukamin har zuwa 27 ga watan Satumbar shekarar 2002. <ref name="Kaba">[http://www.essor.gov.ml/cgi-bin/view_article.pl?id=2934 "New-York: les adieux de l'ambassadeur Ouane"]{{Dead link|date=May 2021|fix-attempted=yes}}, ''L'Essor'', October 15, 2002 {{In lang|fr}}.</ref> A wannan lokacin, ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a watan Satumbar shekarar 2000 da watan Disamba 2001.<ref name="Kaba" /> Ya kasance Babban Jakadan hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa daga shekarar 2003 zuwa shekarar 2004 <ref name="MAE" /> kafin a nada shi Ministan Harkokin Waje a ranar 2 ga Mayu shekarar 2004 . <ref>[http://www.presse-francophone.org/francophonie/francophonie_gouvernements_mali.htm List of members of the government of Mali] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009192511/http://www.presse-francophone.org/francophonie/francophonie_gouvernements_mali.htm |date=2020-10-09 }}, presse-francophone.org {{In lang|fr}}.</ref> Bayan barin mukamin Ministan Harkokin Waje a shekarar 2011, Ouane ya zama Mai ba da shawara government ga diflomasiyya ga [[Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki da Kudi ta Yammacin Afirka]] a watan Janairun shekarar 2014. <ref>[http://www.maliweb.net/nomminations/uemoa-moctar-ouane-nomme-conseiller-diplomatique-188574.html "UEMOA : Moctar Ouane nommé conseiller diplomatique"], ''L'Indépendant'', 8 January 2014 {{In lang|fr}}.</ref> Ya zama mai ba da shawara kan zaman lafiya government da tsaro ga ma'aikatar a shekarar 2016.<ref name="aljazeera">{{Cite web |date=September 27, 2020 |title=Former Mali Foreign Minister Moctar Ouane named transitional PM |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/9/27/former-mali-fm-moctar-ouane-named-transitional-premier |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928193049/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/9/27/former-mali-fm-moctar-ouane-named-transitional-premier |archive-date=September 28, 2020 |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref> Shugaba [[Bah Ndaw]] na wucin gadi ne ya nada shi Firayim Minista na wucine a ranar 27 ga watan Satumba shekarar 2020. <ref name="aljazeera"/> Ya yi ƙoƙari ya yi murabus a ranar 14 ga Mayu shekarar 2021 amma an sake nada shi da sauri don kula da sake fasalin majalisar. Wannan sake fasalin ya haifar da juyin mulkin Mali na shekarar 2021, inda aka kori Ndaw da Ouane kuma aka cire su daga mukamin su. Dukkanin shugabannin biyu sun yi murabus a ranar 26. Government ga Mayu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mali’s president, prime minister resign after arrests by military |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/26/malis-president-prime-minister-resign-after-arrests-by-military |access-date=2021-05-26 |website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga watan Agustan shekarar2021, an saki Ouane daga tsare-tsaren gida. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}}{{S-start}} {{S-off}} {{S-bef}} {{S-ttl}} {{S-aft}} |- {{S-bef}} {{S-ttl}} {{S-aft}} {{S-end}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] t12hd0yjj3f6hxmcy2dayaqp79tqqm9 0 108295 842630 804811 2026-05-29T16:50:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An ba da lambar yabo ta Brandeis ga mutanen da cutar nuna jajircewar Kotun Koli ta Amurka Louis Brandeis game da ikon 'Yanci na mutum, damuwa ga wasan galihu da sabis na jama'a. == Masu karɓa na baya == * 1983: Harry Blackmun, Mai Shari'a na Kotun Koli <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 September 1983 |title=The Courier-Journal from Louisville, Kentucky |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/110615751/}}</ref> * 1985: Charles M. Allen, alƙali na Kentucky <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 April 1985 |title=The Courier-Journal from Louisville, Kentucky |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/110618757/}}</ref> * 1987: John Palmore, Babban Alkalin Kotun Koli na Kentucky * 1991: Morris Dees, lauyan kare hakkin bil'adama <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 April 1991 |title=The Winchester Sun from Winchester, Kentucky |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/1012296443/}}</ref> * 1992: [[Sandra Day O'Connor]], Mai Shari'a na Kotun Koli * 1995: Robert Morgenthau, Lauyan Gundumar New York County <ref>{{Cite web |title=SECURITY Spring 2004 D I R e C T OR - ASIS International New |url=https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/6641811/security-spring-2004-d-i-r-e-c-t-or-asis-international-new-}}</ref> * 1998: Stephen Bright, lauya * 1999: Abner Mikva, Majalisa, alƙali, kuma masanin shari'a * 2000: John Lewis, dan majalisa * 2001: Samuel Dash, lauya kuma farfesa * 2002: Janet Reno, Babban Lauyan Amurka * 2003: [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]], Mai Shari'a na Kotun Koli * 2004: Stephen Breyer, Mai Shari'a na Kotun Koli * 2005: Howard Baker, Sanata <ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Louisville :: News Releases :: HOWARD BAKER TO RECEIVE U OF LíS BRANDEIS MEDAL |url=http://php.louisville.edu/advancement/ocm/news/release.php?relid=510 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060902150604/http://php.louisville.edu/advancement/ocm/news/release.php?relid=510 |archive-date=2006-09-02}}</ref> * 2008: Linda Greenhouse, 'yar jaridar Kotun Koli <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2010 |title=Mel Urofsky to Receive the Brandeis Medal |url=https://brandeiswatch.wordpress.com/2010/03/15/mel-urofsky-to-receive-the-brandeis-medal/}}</ref> * 2010: Melvin I. Urofsky, Brandeis mai ba da labari <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2010 |title=Mel Urofsky to Receive the Brandeis Medal |url=https://brandeiswatch.wordpress.com/2010/03/15/mel-urofsky-to-receive-the-brandeis-medal/}}</ref> * 2013: John Paul Stevens, Mai Shari'a na Kotun Koli <ref>{{Cite web |title=Supreme Court Justice Stevens to receive Brandeis Medal &#124; UofL News |url=https://www.uoflnews.com/post/uofltoday/supreme-court-justice-stevens-to-receive-brandeis-medal/}}</ref> * 2014: Eugene Robinson, ɗan jarida * 2015: Arthur R. Miller, masanin shari'a * 2016: [[Elena Kagan]], Mai Shari'a na Kotun Koli * 2019: Bob Woodward, ɗan jarida <ref>{{Cite web |title=2019 Brandeis Medal: Bob Woodward |url=https://events.louisville.edu/event/2019_brandeis_medal_bob_woodward |access-date=2025-07-27 |archive-date=2024-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726150518/https://events.louisville.edu/event/2019_brandeis_medal_bob_woodward |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2023: Sherrilyn Ifill, lauya <ref>{{Cite web |title=Louis D. Brandeis School of Law |url=https://louisville.edu/law/events/brandeis-medal/2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024070553/https://louisville.edu/law/events/brandeis-medal/2023 |archive-date=2022-10-24}}</ref> * 2025: [[Sonia Sotomayor]], Mai Shari'a na Kotun Koli <ref>{{Cite web |title=Louis D. Brandeis School of Law |url=https://louisville.edu/law/events/brandeis-medal/2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024070553/https://louisville.edu/law/events/brandeis-medal/2023 |archive-date=2022-10-24}}</ref> == Manazarta == jfut5gy8pqbc2h3x7vsub9bpoxmkr4b 0 113239 842732 697373 2026-05-29T19:48:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842732 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Ministan canjin yanayi''', minista ne a gwamnatin New South Wales wanda ke da alhakin kula da [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin yanayi]] a New South Wales, [[Asturaliya|Australia]] . {{Refn|{{cite NSW Parliamentary Record|part=6|access-date=9 November 2024}}}} An ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin ne bayan zaɓen 2007 a ma'aikatar Iemma ta biyu wacce aka fara haɗa ta da ruwa da muhalli . An nada [[Phil Koperberg]] a matsayin minista na farko kuma kafin ya yi murabus daga majalisar ministocin a watan Fabrairun 2008. An nada [[Gaskiya Firth|Verity Firth]] a matsayin ministan sauyin yanayi da muhalli, tare da Nathan Rees ya dauki nauyin ruwa. <ref name="Benson" /> Carmel Tebbutt da John Robertson sun yi aiki a matsayin minista a hidimar Rees, sannan Frank Sartor a karkashin Keneally . Babu ministocin sauyin yanayi a lokacin gwamnatin NSW Liberal Government na 2011 zuwa 2023. Tare da dawowar Labour zuwa mulki a zaben 2023, an dawo da fayil ɗin. Minista na yanzu, tun daga 28 Maris 2023, ita ce Penny Sharpe tana aiki a ma'aikatar Premier Minns . Ministan yana gudanar da aikin ta hanyar Ma'aikatar Canjin Yanayi, Makamashi, Muhalli da Ruwa da sauran hukumomin gwamnati. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 October 2024 |title=Administrative Arrangements (Public Service agencies and Ministers) Order 2023 |url=https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/whole/html/inforce/2024-10-01/sl-2023-0140 |access-date=9 November 2024 |archive-date=9 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241109182014/https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/whole/html/inforce/2024-10-01/sl-2023-0140 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A karkashin Jadawalin 1 na ''Shirye-shiryen Gudanarwa (Ma'aikatar Minns-Gudanar da Ayyukan Ayyuka) Order 2023'', Ministan sauyin yanayi na yanzu shine ke da alhakin gudanar da ''Dokar Canjin Yanayi (Net Zero Future) 2023'' kuma yana da haɗin gwiwar gudanar da duk ayyukan da aka ba wa ministan makamashi da kuma ministan muhalli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2024 |title=Administrative Arrangements (Minns Ministry—Administration of Acts) Order 2023, Schedule 1 Allocation of the administration of Acts, Minister for Climate Change |url=https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/whole/html/inforce/current/sl-2023-0139#sch.1-sec-oc.5 |access-date=3 November 2024 |website=NSW Legislation }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Daga ƙarshe, ministocin suna da alhakin Majalisar New South Wales . == Jerin sunayen ministoci == Mutanen da ke zuwa sun yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Canjin Yanayi ko kuma wasu mukamai da suka gabata: {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+Ministocin sauyin yanayi ! scope="col" | Matsayin minista ! scope="col" | Minista  [ 1 ] ! colspan="2" scope="col" | Biki ! scope="col" | Ma'aikatar ! scope="col" | Lokacin farawa ! scope="col" | Ƙarshen wa'adin ! scope="col" | Lokaci a ofis ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | Bayanan kula |- | Ministan sauyin yanayi, muhalli da ruwa ! scope="row" | {{Sortname|Phil|Koperberg}} | rowspan="5" {{Australian party style|Labor NSW}} | | rowspan="5" | Labor | rowspan="2" | Imma (2) | align="center" | Afrilu 2, 2007 | align="center" | Fabrairu 27, 2008 | align="right" |  |- | rowspan="4" | Ministan sauyin yanayi da muhalli ! scope="row" | {{Sortname|Verity|Firth}} | align="center" | Fabrairu 27, 2008 | align="center" | 5 Satumba 2008 | align="right" |  |- ! scope="row" | {{Sortname|Carmel|Tebbutt}} | rowspan="2" | Rees | align="center" | 8 Satumba 2008 | align="center" | 14 Satumba 2009 | align="right" |  |- ! scope="row" | {{Sortname|John|Robertson}} | align="center" | 14 Satumba 2009 | align="center" | 4 Disamba 2009 | align="right" |  |- ! scope="row" | {{Sortname|Frank|Sartor}} | Keneally | align="center" | 8 Disamba 2009 | align="center" | 28 Maris 2011 | align="right" |  |- ! colspan="10" style="background: #cccccc;" | |- | Ministan sauyin yanayi ! scope="row" | {{Sortname|Penny|Sharpe}} | {{Australian party style|Labor NSW}} | |Labor | Minns | align="center" | 28 Maris 2023 | align="center" | ''mai ci'' | align="right" | ''' 2 shekaru, 130 kwanaki''' |} == Manazarta == nahamdrxh0crukwq9oc5t8huz17aav5 0 114873 842716 822453 2026-05-29T19:28:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842716 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Milkshake''' (wani lokacin ana kiransa kawai shake) abin sha ne mai dadi da aka yi ta hanyar hada [[madara]], ice cream, da dandano ko kayan zaki kamar butterscotch, caramel sauce, cakulan syrup, ko 'ya'yan itace syrup a cikin wani m, mai dadi, sanyi cakuda. Hakanan ana iya yin sa ta amfani da tushe da aka yi daga kayan da ba na madara ba, gami da madarar shuka kamar madarar almond, [[Madara ta kwakwa|madarar kwakwa]], ko madarar soya. Ana iya haɗa sinadaran bushe kamar 'ya'yan itace, kwayoyi, tsaba, zuma, ko [[Cookie|kukis]]. Milkshakes ya samo asali ne a Amurka a farkon karni na 20, kuma ya karu da shahara bayan gabatar da masu haɗakar lantarki a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka biyo baya. Sun zama wani bangare na al'adun matasa masu shahara, kamar yadda shagunan ice cream sun kasance wurin taro na al'adu ga matasa, kuma milkshakes ya zama alama ce ta rashin laifi na matasa. == Shirye-shiryen ==   Gidajen cin abinci masu cikakken sabis, shagunan ice cream, maɓuɓɓugar soda, da masu cin abinci yawanci su suna shirya girgizar a cikin na'urar shake. A gida, ana amfani da mahaɗin sau da yawa. Hakanan ana iya haɗa Milkshakes da hannu ta amfani da cokali. Ana iya yin Milkshakes daga kowane dandano na ice cream; ƙarin dandano, kamar syrup na cakulan, malt syrup, ko madara mai laushi, ana ƙara su sau da yawa kafin a gauraya su. Yawancin kantin sayar da abinci mai sauri ba sa girgiza daga sinadaran mutum; maimakon haka, suna amfani da injunan shake na atomatik waɗanda ke daskarewa kuma suna ba da cakuda shake na madara da aka riga aka yi wanda ya kunshi madara, wakili mai ɗanɗano, da wakili mai kauri. Wadannan suna kama da na'urorin ice cream masu taushi, amma suna ci gaba da girgiza a cikin abin sha. == Kalmomin == Magana game da bambancin tsakanin milkshake wanda ke amfani da ice cream da sauran nau'ikan madara mai ɗanɗano ya bambanta a yankin. Za'a iya kiran shake mai cike da ice cream a matsayin shake mai zurfi don rarrabe shi. A wasu sassan New England da gabashin Kanada, ana amfani da sunan FRAP (/fræp/ FRAP); a Rhode Island musamman, ana iya kiran su majalisun, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Seavey |first=Aimee |title=The Difference between a Milkshake and a Frappe |url=http://www.yankeemagazine.com/article/new-england-101/milk-shakes-frappes-cabinets |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611180108/http://www.yankeemagazine.com/article/new-england-101/milk-shakes-frappes-cabinets |archive-date=June 11, 2016 |access-date=June 2, 2016 |website=Yankee Magazine}}</ref> kamar yadda yake a cikin "ma'aikatar kofi".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Luchtel |first=Amanda |title=What Is a Milkshake? And How Is It Different from a Frappe or a Cabinet? {{!}} America's Test Kitchen |url=https://www.americastestkitchen.com/articles/7087-what-is-a-milkshake-and-how-is-it-different-from-a-frappe-or-a-cabinet |access-date=24 July 2025 |website=www.americastestkitchen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Cabinet |url=https://dare.wisc.edu/words/quarterly-updates/quarterly-update-12/cabinet/ |access-date=February 7, 2021 |website=Dictionary of American Regional English |language=en-US}}</ref> Wani shake mai dauke da madara mai laushi wani lokacin ana kiransa ''malt''. Ana amfani da kalmar ''kankare'' don musamman manyan madara waɗanda ba sa zubowa lokacin da aka juya su ƙasa, kamar waɗanda gidan cin abinci na Culver's ya bayar. A wasu hukunce-hukuncen akwai bukatun doka game da abin da za a iya kira "milkshake", kamar buƙatu don yawan adadin mai da madara marasa mai. Saboda haka, ya zama ruwan dare ga gidajen cin abinci su guji amfani da kalmar "milkshake" don komawa ga samfuran su, kamar kawai kiran su "shakes" maimakon "milkishakes". Gidajen cin Abinci mai sauri waɗanda ba sa nufin irin waɗannan samfuran su a matsayin "milkshakes" sun haɗa da Wendy's (wanda ke kiran samfurin su "Frosty"), Burger King, Dairy Queen, Del Taco, McDonald's, Shake Shack, da Sonic Drive-In.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 9, 2023 |title=Why You're Technically Not Able To Order A Milkshake At McDonald's |url=https://www.thedailymeal.com/1388708/order-milkshake-at-mcdonalds/ |website=Daily Meal}}</ref> == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Milkshakes_at_Mels_Diner.jpg|thumb|Strawberry da girgizar cakulan, kowannensu an rufe shi da cream, sprinkles, da maraschino cherryCherry maraschino]] === 1880s-1930s === Lokacin da aka fara amfani da kalmar milkshake a bugawa a shekarar 1885, <ref>{{Cite web |title=A Complete History of Milkshakes |url=https://icebergdriveinn.com/blogs/news/a-complete-history-of-milkshakes |access-date=30 June 2024 |website=Iceberg Drive Inn}}</ref> milkshake abin sha ne mai giya wanda aka bayyana shi a matsayin "mai ƙarfi, mai lafiya irin abin sha, tare da ƙwai, whiskey, da dai sauransu, ya zama abin sha da kuma dandano". <ref name="stuart">Flexner, Stuart Berg (1982) ''Listening to America'', Simon & Schuster: New York, p. 178, {{ISBN|0671248952}}</ref> Koyaya, a shekara ta 1900, kalmar tana nufin "abin sha mai kyau da aka yi da cakulan, strawberry, ko vanilla syrup". A farkon shekarun 1900 mutane suna neman sabon abincin, sau da yawa tare da ice cream. A cikin shekarun 1930, milkshakes sanannen abin sha ne a shagunan malt, waɗanda suka kasance "maɓuɓɓugar soda ta musamman ta lokacin ... da ɗalibai ke amfani da ita azaman wurin taro ko wurin shakatawa".<ref name="stuart" /> Tarihin mai haɗakar lantarki, abin sha na madara, da milkshakes suna da alaƙa da juna. Kafin yaduwar masu haɗakar lantarki, abubuwan sha na milkshake sun fi kama da eggnog, ko kuma sun kasance cakuda da aka girgiza da hannu na kankara da madara, sukari, da dandano. Hamilton Beach ta gabatar da Cyclone Drink Mixer a cikin 1911, kuma an yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin maɓuɓɓugar soda.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hamilton Beach Brands Holding Company: Our History |url=https://www.hamiltonbeachbrands.com/about-our-company/our-history/default.aspx |website=hamiltonbeachbrands.com}}</ref><ref name="ox">Anne Cooper Funderburg, "Milkshake", in Darra Goldstein, ed., ''The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets'', 2015, {{ISBN|0199313628}}, ''s.v.''</ref> Zane-zanen bakin tekun Hamilton, tare da motar a saman, ya kasance mafi yawan nau'in na'ura na milkshake. [ana binciken hujja] [citation need] A shekara ta 1922, Steven Poplawski ya ƙera na'ura mai haɗaɗɗiya ta ƙasa, wadda a wasu lokuta ake amfani da ita don yin milkshakes. Tare da ƙirƙirar blender, milkshakes sun fara ɗaukar nau'in su na zamani, bulala, iska, da kumfa. Amfani da madara mai laushi a cikin milkshakes ya shahara a Amurka ta hanyar kantin magani na Chicago Walgreens. Martin madara foda - cakuda madara mai narkewa, [[sha'ir]] mai narkewar, da garin alkama - William Horlick ne ya kirkireshi a cikin 1897 don amfani da shi azaman abin sha mai sauƙin narkewa ga mutane da yara masu nakasa, kuma azaman abincin [[jariri]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 22, 2011 |title=The History of Malted Milk Powder |url=http://www.kitchenlore.com/2011/07/history-of-malted-milk-powder.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011192130/http://www.kitchenlore.com/2011/07/history-of-malted-milk-powder.html |archive-date=October 11, 2011 |access-date=October 10, 2013 |website=Kitchen Lore}}</ref><ref name="Wisconsin Historical">{{Cite web |title=Wisconsin's Malted Milk Story – Online Exhibits – Wisconsin Historical Society |url=http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/museum/exhibits/horlicks |access-date=June 1, 2017 |website=www.wisconsinhistory.org |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170619185321/http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/museum/exhibits/horlicks/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Koyaya, mutane masu lafiya ba da daɗewa ba sun fara shan abin sha da aka yi da madara mai laushi kawai don dandano, kuma abin sha mai laushi mai laushi wanda ke dauke da madara, syrup na cakulan, da foda na malt sun zama misali a maɓuɓɓugar soda.<ref name="Wisconsin Historical" /> A cikin 1922, ma'aikacin Walgreens Ivar "Pop" Coulson ya yi shake ta hanyar ƙara nau'ikan ice cream na vanilla guda biyu zuwa tsarin girke-girke na madara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Walgreen's history |url=http://www.walgreens.com/about/history/hist4.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501155205/http://www.walgreens.com/about/history/hist4.jsp |archive-date=May 1, 2008 |access-date=October 1, 2009 |publisher=Walgreens.com}}</ref> Wannan abu, a ƙarƙashin sunan "Horlick's Malted Milk", an nuna shi ta hanyar kantin magani na Walgreen a matsayin wani ɓangare na cakulan milkshake, wanda kansa ya zama sananne a matsayin "malted" ko "malt" kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun abubuwan sha na soda.&nbsp;&nbsp; Ayyukan sarrafa kansa na milkshakes sun samo asali ne a cikin shekarun 1930, bayan kirkirar firiji mai sanyaya ya ba da hanya mai aminci, abin dogaro na yin da rarraba ice cream ta atomatik. A cikin 1936, mai kirkiro Earl Prince ya yi amfani da ainihin ra'ayi a bayan na'urar ice cream mai sanyaya ta freon don haɓaka Multimixer, "mai haɗawa mai juyawa guda biyar wanda zai iya samar da milkshakes guda biyar a lokaci guda, duk ta atomatik, kuma ya rarraba su a lokacin da aka ja maɓallin zuwa jiran kofuna takarda".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Demirdjian |first=Z.S. |date=March 10, 2006 |title=Inexpensive Research in Marketing: Empowering the Technologically Challenged Entrepreneurs |url=https://www.businessperspectives.org/images/pdf/applications/publishing/templates/article/assets/1684/im_en_2006_01_Demirdjian.pdf |journal=Innovative Marketing |volume=2}}</ref> Labaran jaridu daga ƙarshen shekarun 1930 sun nuna cewa ana amfani da kalmar 'frosted' a wasu lokuta don komawa ga milkshakes, musamman waɗanda aka yi da ice cream. A cikin 1937, Denton Journal a Maryland ya bayyana cewa "Don girgizar 'gishiri', ƙara ɗanɗano na ice cream da kuka fi so. " A cikin 1939, Mansfield News a Ohio ya bayyana cewa ""A frosted be drink, in the vernacular, is something good to which ice cream. Misali mafi kyau shine free kofi -wannan zafi, mai ɗanɗano abin sha da aka yi sanyi da ice cream" &nbsp; === 1940s-1950s === A cikin shekarun 1950, shahararrun wuraren shan madara sune Woolworth's "5 & 10" lunch counters, diners, burger joints, da kuma magudanar soda. Wadannan cibiyoyin galibi suna nuna injin hada madara mai haske ko injin shake. Wadannan cibiyoyin sun yi milkshakes a Hamilton Beach ko irin wannan salon na masu hada abin sha, wanda ke da spindles da agitators wanda ke ninka iska cikin abin sha don "smooth, fluffy results" kuma ya ba su a cikin 12 + 1⁄2-US-fluid-ounce (370 tsawo tabarau tare da bulbous saman. Ma'aikatan maɓuɓɓugar Soda suna da nasu yaren, kamar su "Burn One All the Way" (kayan kwalliya da aka yi da ice cream), "Twist It, Choke It, and Make It Cackle" (kudan kwalliya da kwai), "Shake One in the Hay" (shake strawberry), da kuma "White Cow" (vanilla milkshake). A cikin shekarun 1950, wani mai sayar da na'urar shake mai suna Ray Kroc ya sayi haƙƙin mallaka ga mai yin shake na Multimixer na shekarun 1930 daga mai kirkiro Earl Prince, kuma ya ci gaba da amfani da na'urorin shake na atomatik don hanzarta samarwa a gidajen cin abinci na McDonald's.{{Convert|12+1/2|USoz|ml}} Milkshakes ya kuma zama sananne a wasu sassan duniya, gami da Ingila da Ostiraliya. A Ostiraliya, sandunan madara sun zama sanannun kuma ana ba da milkshakes da sauƙi kuma sau da yawa a cikin aluminum ko ko kofin ƙarfe wanda aka shirya su. Baya ga karin dandano na gargajiya, spearmint da milkshakes masu ɗanɗano sun zama sanannun a Ostiraliya. === Shekaru 2000 zuwa yanzu === [[Fayil:Strawberry-Mint_Liquid_Nitrogen_Shake_at_HBurger_in_Denver.jpg|thumb|An yi wannan milkshake ta amfani da ruwa nitrogen. Har yanzu ana iya ganin tururi yana tasowa a saman.]] A shekara ta 2006, Hukumar Binciken Aikin Gona ta Amurka ta haɓaka rage sukari, ƙarancin madara don shirye-shiryen abincin rana. Girgizar tana da rabin sukari kuma kashi 10% kawai na kitse na girgizar abinci mai sauri na kasuwanci. Makarantu suna buƙatar injin shake madara ko injin ice cream mai laushi don ba da madara. Har ila yau, milkshakes sun kara fiber da sauran abubuwan gina jiki da rage matakan lactose, wanda ya sa girgizar ta dace da wasu mutanen da ke fama da rashin haƙuri. Tallace-tallace na Amurka na milkshakes, malt, da floats sun karu da 11% a cikin shekarun 2006, a cewar kamfanin bincike na masana'antu NPD Group. Christopher Muller, darektan Cibiyar Gudanar da Gidan Gida da Multi-Unit a Jami'ar Orlando ta Tsakiya ta Florida ya ce "milkshakes yana tunatar da mu game da lokacin rani, matasa - da indulgence", kuma "suna tunatar da lokacin da ya wuce". Muller ya bayyana cewa milkshakes wani abu ne "mai fa'ida sosai" ga gidajen cin abinci, tunda abubuwan sha suna dauke da iska mai yawa. Kamfanin bincike na kasuwa Technomic ya bayyana cewa kusan kashi 75% na matsakaicin farashin gidan cin abinci na $ 3.38 a cikin 2006 riba ce. Wani zartarwa daga [[Sonic Drive-In]], jerin gidajen cin abinci na Amurka na shekarun 1950, ya kira girgiza "ɗaya daga cikin manyan wurarenmu, wuraren samar da kudaden shiga".<ref name="usa2" />&nbsp; Wani labarin 2016 ya bayyana cewa masu dafa abinci suna gwada sababbin ra'ayoyi tare da milkshakes don ci gaba da sha'awar abubuwan sha.<ref name="nrn.com">{{Cite web |date=July 18, 2016 |title=Sweetening the bottom line with milkshakes |url=http://beta.nrn.com/beverage-trends/sweetening-bottom-line-milkshakes |access-date=June 1, 2017}}</ref> Labarin ya lura cewa girgizar kofi mai ɗanɗano sananne ne "saboda yana da ɗanɗano da ɗanɗanyo". Wani yanayin shine amfani da nau'ikan madara daban-daban, kamar madarar almond, [[Madara ta kwakwa|madarar kwakwa]], madarar soya, ko madarar hemp.<ref name="nrn.com" /> == Amfani da zanga-zangar == {{Reflist}} A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, a lokacin da ake gina zaben majalisar dokokin Tarayyar Turai a Burtaniya, jefa shake-shake ya fito ne a matsayin wata dabara ta zanga-zanga, yawanci ana niyya ga 'yan siyasa na dama. Wannan motsi ya samo asali ne daga "milkshaking" na Tommy Robinson, tare da na biyu da aka jefa daga baya a wannan watan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 20, 2019 |title=All the people who have been milkshaked so far this year |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/milkshake-throwing-nigel-farage-tommy-robinson-carl-benjamin-sargon-a8922111.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220514/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/milkshake-throwing-nigel-farage-tommy-robinson-carl-benjamin-sargon-a8922111.html |archive-date=May 14, 2022 |website=The Independent}}</ref> 'Yan sanda na Burtaniya sun bukaci kamfanin Edinburgh McDonald's ya guji sayar da milkshakes a ranar 17 ga Mayu yayin ziyarar Nigel Farage. Wannan ya sa Burger King ya yi martani a shafin Twitter: "Muna sayar da milkshakes duk karshen mako. Yi nishaɗi. " Daga baya Hukumar Kula da Ka'idojin Talla ta Burtaniya ta dakatar da tweet din Burger King, saboda sun ji cewa "ya amince da halayyar da ta gabata kuma ya karfafa karin lokuta", kuma saboda haka tallace-tallace ne "marasa alhakin". A wani ziyara daban a Newcastle a ranar 20 ga Mayu, Farage ya jefa masa shake na biyar. Carl Benjamin yana da jimlar milkshakes guda huɗu da aka jefa masa a wannan makon.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dalton |first=Jane |date=May 19, 2019 |title=Ukip's Carl Benjamin hit by milkshake in Salisbury in fourth attack this week |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/carl-benjamin-milkshake-salisbury-ukip-a8920846.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220514/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/carl-benjamin-milkshake-salisbury-ukip-a8920846.html |archive-date=May 14, 2022 |website=The Independent}}</ref> Ayyukan shaking sun yi kama da na egging a matsayin wani nau'i na zanga-zanga game da 'yan siyasa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chakelian |first=Anoosh |date=May 16, 2019 |title="Lactose Against Intolerance!" How milkshake became a tool of protest |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2019/05/lactose-against-intolerance-how-milkshake-became-tool-protest |website=The New Statesman}}</ref> == A cikin al'adun gargajiya == {{Ice cream}}Masu shirya fina-finai wani lokacin suna amfani da milkshakes a matsayin taƙaitaccen gani don jigogi na tsabtar, rashin laifi, da matasa marasa cin hanci, suna wakiltar su a matsayin 'sweetness da nagarta. <ref name="denofgeek.com">{{Cite web |date=August 21, 2012 |title=Celebrating milkshake in the movies |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/milkshake/22257/celebrating-milkshake-in-the-movies |access-date=June 1, 2017}}</ref> A cikin All About Eve, ta hanyar darektan Joseph L. Mankiewicz, halin Bette Davis ba shi da farin ciki don ganin mutumin da ke son yin wa mata mata mata mata mai shaye-shake, don haka halin Davis ya umarci Martini mai shaye, kuma "da-shake-shake". Hakazalika, halin da Steve Buscemi ke takawa a cikin ''Ghost World'' an yi masa ba'a ta wata yarinya matashiya saboda ya ba da umarnin "mace-mace vanilla milkshake"; a ''Manhattan'', ta hanyar darektan Woody Allen, darektan ya jawo hankali ga bambancin shekaru tsakanin halin da yake da shekaru 42 (shi ma yana aiki a matsayin jagora) da budurwarsa matashiyar ta hanyar shan madara. A cikin fim din ''Lolita'' a shekara ta 1997, wata yarinya matashiya ta sha shake yayin da take tare da mutumin da ke tsakiyar shekaru (sabon saurayin mahaifiyarta) wanda ke sha'awar ta.<ref name="denofgeek.com" /><ref name="denofgeek.com" /> Ana nuna haruffa daga Archie Comics sau da yawa suna shan madara. Jerin talabijin na ''Riverdale'', wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar wasan kwaikwayo, yana nuna haruffa a cikin gidan cin abinci na gida na 1950, Pop's Chock'lit Shoppe; don inganta wasan kwaikwayon, simintin sun raba madara yayin bayyanar a kan The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon . <ref name="swartz1">{{Cite web |last=Swartz |first=Suzie |date=April 24, 2018 |title=American Nostalgia on a Bun |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2018/04/fast-food-nostalgia/558686/ |access-date=May 10, 2018 |website=www.theatlantic.com |publisher=The Atlantic}}</ref> Master Shake, daya daga cikin manyan haruffa daga jerin shirye-shiryen Amurka na Aqua Teen Hunger Force (wanda aka fi sani da wasu sunayen sarauta), shine mai girman mutum. A cikin Kelis '2003 hit single "Milkshake" sunan abin sha an sake maimaita shi a cikin waƙar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=The Observer |date=2004-12-11 |title=From glam to grime, the year in music |url=http://www.theguardian.com/music/2004/dec/12/popandrock2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140917102112/http://www.theguardian.com/music/2004/dec/12/popandrock2 |archive-date=2014-09-17 |access-date=2025-02-08 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> Milkshakes suna nunawa sosai a cikin bidiyon bidiyon waƙar, wanda ke nuna haruffa da ke cinye su a cikin gidan cin abinci. Kalmar Milkshake Duck, wacce aka kirkira a kan Twitter a cikin shekarun 2017, tana nufin mutumin da ya fara zama sananne a kafofin sada zumunta, kawai don ya zama abin kunya yayin da wasu masu amfani suka yi amfani da kasancewarsu ta yanar gizo kuma suka sami maganganu masu banƙyama ko tarihin da ba shi da kyau. == Dubi kuma == {{Milk navbox}} * Girgizar lafiya * Keventers Milkshake - alamar madara ta Indiya * Shake Shack - jerin gidan cin abinci mai sauri na Amurka da ke jaddada girgizar ƙasa * Mai laushi * Frosty (kayan zuma mai daskarewa) * McDonald's ice cream na na'ura - na'urar da aka yi amfani da ita don yin ice cream da girgiza a McDonald's * Faloodeh - ruwan zuma ko ice cream. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == {{Ice cream}} * {{Commons category-inline|Milkshakes}} {{Milk navbox}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3v64il9eiicaf0seyo88snkna03p07a 0 117742 842903 810007 2026-05-30T01:30:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Muhammad Zaiyan-Umar''' [[farfesa]] ne a fannin [[Kimiyyar siyasa|Kimiyya na Siyasa]] a [[Jami'ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo|Jami'ar Usman Danfodio]] dake sokoto kuma Mataimakin Shugaban [[Jami'ar Tarayya ta, Birnin Kebbi|Jami'ar Tarayya ta Birnin Kebbi]] wanda ya maye gurbin Bello Bala Shehu bayan shekaru 5 a ofishi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Report |first=Agency |date=2022-11-25 |title=Kebbi varsity gets new VC, Zaiyan-Umar |url=https://punchng.com/kebbi-varsity-gets-new-vc-zaiyan-umar/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=David |date=2022-11-24 |title=FUBK announces Prof Zaiyan Umar as new VC |url=https://thesun.ng/fubk-announces-prof-zaiyan-umar-as-new-vc/?amp |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kasance tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Jihar Sokoto kafin a nada shi a matsayin Mataimakin Babban Jami'ar Birnin Kebbi ta majalisar da ke kula da makarantar a shekarar 2022. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.udusok.edu.ng/staff/professor-m-z-umar/ Shafin Ma'aikatan Zaiyan-Umar a kan UDUS] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130151515/https://www.udusok.edu.ng/staff/professor-m-z-umar/ |date=2024-11-30 }} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 66v9u3t1b76v5cdyqdm8zllubnwu005 0 121129 842748 738630 2026-05-29T20:38:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842748 wikitext text/x-wiki Miss Universe [[Chile]] 2013, gasar Miss Universo [[Chile]] ta 50th, an gudanar da shi a ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 2013. Mai nasara, María Jesús Matthei, ta wakilci kasarta a Miss Universe 2013 a [[Moscow]], [[Rasha]] a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 2013. [1] == Sakamako == === Wuraren Wuri === {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;" !Wuri <ref>{{Cite web |title=María Jesús Matthei se corona como “Miss Universo Chile 2013″ |url=http://www.biobiochile.cl/2013/10/07/maria-jesus-matthei-se-corona-como-miss-universo-chile-2013.shtml |website=BioBioChile}}</ref> ! Mai gasa |- | '''Miss Universo Chile 2013''' | * '''Tarapacá - María Jesús Matthei''' |- | Mai Gudu Na Farko | * Coquimbo - Florencia Dunnage |- | Mai Gudu Na Biyu | * Aysen - María José Barrena |- | Babban 8 | * Antofagasta - Valeska Farias * Arica y Parinacota - Amapola Stuardo * Bio Bio - Joseffha Katz * Los Lagos - Catalina Baumann * Valparaiso - Catalina Zamora |} === Kyaututtuka na musamman === * Miss Rostro 2013 - Carla Valenzuela Donoso ( '''Araucanía''' ) * Miss Congeniality - María Jesús Matthei ( '''Tarapacá''' ) * Mafi kyawun Gashi 2013 - Florencia Dunnage ( '''Coquimbo''' ) * Miss Chileancharm - María Jesús Matthei ( '''Tarapacá''' ) == Wakilai == An gabatar da wakilai 15 na hukuma a ranar Oktoba 2, 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |title=CHILEAN CHARM / MISS UNIVERSO CHILE 2013 |url=http://chileancharm.com/2013_UNIVERSO-CHILE/MISS-UNIVERSO-CHILE.html |website=chileancharm.com |access-date=2025-11-25 |archive-date=2013-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002224412/http://chileancharm.com/2013_UNIVERSO-CHILE/MISS-UNIVERSO-CHILE.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {| class="sortable wikitable" |- style="background:#ccc;" !Represents !Name !Age !Height !Hometown |- |'''Antofagasta''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Valeska María Farías Martes]] | style="text-align:center;" |24 | style="text-align:center;" |  |[[Santiago de Chile]] |- |'''Araucanía''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Carla Andrea Valenzuela Donoso]] | style="text-align:center;" |23 | style="text-align:center;" |1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) |Temuco |- |'''Arica y Parinacota''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Amapola Stuardo Muñóz]] | style="text-align:center;" |19 | style="text-align:center;" |1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) |Arica |- |'''Atacama''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Chloé Quezada Carranza]] | style="text-align:center;" |25 | style="text-align:center;" |1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) |[[Santiago de Chile]] |- |'''Aysen''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[María José Barrena Medel]] | style="text-align:center;" |27 | style="text-align:center;" |1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) |[[Santiago de Chile]] |- |'''Bío Bío''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Joseffha Esteffhania Katz Rodríguez]] | style="text-align:center;" |23 | style="text-align:center;" |  |[[Concepción (Chile)|Concepción]] |- |'''Coquimbo''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Florencia Dunnage Kuhlmann]] | style="text-align:center;" |20 | style="text-align:center;" |1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) |La Serena |- |'''Los Lagos''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Catalina Baumann Zamora]] | style="text-align:center;" |20 | style="text-align:center;" |  |Temuco |- |'''Los Ríos''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Francisca Araya Villagran]] | style="text-align:center;" |25 | style="text-align:center;" |  |[[Santiago de Chile]] |- |'''Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Claudia Betancourt Greff-Ovalle]] | style="text-align:center;" |24 | style="text-align:center;" |  |Punta Arenas |- |'''Maule''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Consuelo Margarita Lastra Espaillat]] | style="text-align:center;" |20 | style="text-align:center;" |  |[[Concepción (Chile)|Concepción]] |- |'''O'Higgins''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Alessandra Buonaventura de la Peña]] | style="text-align:center;" |18 | style="text-align:center;" |  |Rancagua |- |'''Región Metropolitana''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Catalina Bunster de los Santos]] | style="text-align:center;" |20 | style="text-align:center;" |1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) |[[Santiago de Chile]] |- |'''Tarapacá''' | style="text-align:center;" |'''María Jesús Matthei Molina''' | style="text-align:center;" |21 | style="text-align:center;" |1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) |[[Santiago de Chile]] |- |'''Valparaíso''' | style="text-align:center;" |[[Catalina Zamora Fonck]] | style="text-align:center;" |25 | style="text-align:center;" |1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) |Viña del Mar |} == Juri == <ref>{{Cite web |title=Revelan detalles de la gala final del concurso Miss Universo Chile 2013 |url=http://www.biobiochile.cl/2013/10/05/revelan-detalles-de-la-gala-final-del-concurso-miss-universo-chile-2013.shtml |website=BioBioChile}}</ref> * Nicolás Massú, Dan wasan [[Tennis]] * Antonio Vodanovic, Mai gabatarwa TV * [[Mauro Porcia]], Likitan Ƙwaƙwalwa * Marie Ann Salas, Miss International Chile 2007 (Semifinalist) / Miss Tourism Sarauniya International Chile 2008 (Finalist) * [[Beatriz Vicencio]] * [[José Alfredo Fuentes]], Mai gabatarwa TV / Mawaƙa * [[Marcelo Marocchino]], Singer * [[Gianella Marengo]], Mai gabatarwa TV * [[Tiago Cunha]] == Bayanan kula == * Luciano Marrochino, Juan Andrés Sastre daga Kreatore da Jorge Luis Uribe ne suka shirya bikin. <ref name="reportaje">{{Cite web |title=CHILEAN CHARM / MISS UNIVERSO CHILE 2013 |url=http://www.chileancharm.com/2013_UNIVERSO-CHILE/MISS-UNIVERSO-CHILE.html |website=chileancharm.com |access-date=2025-11-25 |archive-date=2023-10-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007040637/https://www.chileancharm.com/2013_UNIVERSO-CHILE/MISS-UNIVERSO-CHILE.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * María Jesús Matthei ta shiga karo na farko a cikin [[Miss Universo Chile 2011|2011]], inda ta zama ta 1st Gunner-up. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2020)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> * Florencia Dunnage ta halarci Miss World Chile 2013, inda ta kasance daya daga cikin 8 na karshe. * María Jose Barrena, ta shiga cikin [[Reina Hispanoamericana 2013]], inda ta zama ta 2nd Gunner-up. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|colwidth=60em}} oor0oj929dm95fhvswmkmq4f1w1ds1w 0 121234 842745 823360 2026-05-29T20:35:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842745 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Miss Universe [[Ayislan|Iceland]] 2020''' ita ce bugu na biyar na gasar Miss Universe [[Iceland]] . An gudanar da gasar a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2020 a Cibiyar Stapi a Reykjanesbær . Wanda aka shirya tun ranar 21 ga Agusta, an sake shirya bikin saboda cutar ta COVID-19. Birta Abiba Þórhallsdóttir ta lashe Elísabet Hulda Snorradóttir a matsayin magaji. Elísabet za ta wakilci Iceland a Miss Universe 2020, yayin da Disa Dungal za ta wakilci Iceland a Miss Supranational 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2020 |title=Miss Universe Iceland 2020 .. Elísabet Hulda Snorradottir |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CGtNuJCgECW/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/CGtNuJCgECW |archive-date=2021-12-26 |publisher=Miss Universe Iceland}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2020 |title=Miss Universe Iceland 2020 is ..... Elísabet Hulda Snorradottir |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CGtFwfjgzdC/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413094536/https://www.instagram.com/p/CGtFwfjgzdC/ |archive-date=2023-04-13 |publisher=Miss Universe Iceland |access-date=2025-11-27 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> == Sakamako == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" !Sakamako na Karshe ! Mai gasa |- | Miss Universe Iceland 2020 | * Glacier Lagoon '''-''' Elísabet Hulda Snorradóttir |- | Miss Supranational Iceland 2021 | * [[Reykjavik|101 Reykjavík]] – Disa Dungal |- | Mai Gudu Na Farko | * Akureyri - Sunneva Halldórsdóttir |- | Mai Gudu Na Biyu | * Breiðholt – Kamilla Kristrúnardóttir Hancock |- | Mai Gudu na 3 | * Vestmannaeyjar - Díana Iva Gunnarsdóttir |- | Babban 9 | * Blue Mountains - Alexandra Johnsdóttir * Garɗabær – Halla Karen Johnsdóttir * Hafnarfjörður – Mirjam Yrsa Friðleifsdóttir * [[Aurora|Hasken Arewa]] – Sunna Dögg Jonsdóttir |} == Wakilai == An zaɓi wakilai masu zuwa don gasar:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miss Universe Iceland 2020 |url=https://choicely.com/contest/e6f55bcf-bab4-11ea-832a-359e0f0b67eb |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=choicely.com |publisher=Miss Universe Iceland |archive-date=26 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026132923/https://choicely.com/contest/e6f55bcf-bab4-11ea-832a-359e0f0b67eb |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="final 15">{{Cite web |date=19 October 2020 |title=Presenting the 15 finalists for the title of Miss Universe Iceland 2020 ! |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CGh7YK-AiX_/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260106120032/https://www.instagram.com/p/CGh7YK-AiX_/ |archive-date=2026-01-06 |publisher=Miss Universe Iceland |access-date=2025-11-27 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;" !Wakili ! Mai gasa ! Shekaru |- | [[Reykjavik|101 Reykjavik]] | Disa Dungal | 27 |- | Akureyri | Sunneva Halldórsdóttir | 21 |- | Black Sand Beach | Berglind Yr Heiðdísardóttir | 18 |- | Blue Mountains | Alexandra Kristin Johnsdóttir | 22 |- | Breiɗholt | Kamilla Kristrúnardóttir Hancock | 20 |- | Egilsstadir | Heiðrún Anna Eyjólfsdóttir | 19 |- | Garɗaba | Halla Karen Johnsdóttir | 20 |- | Geysir | Jenny Sulollari | 26 |- | Glacier Lagoon | Elísabet Hulda Snorradóttir | 21 |- | Gullfoss | Thelma Líf Heiɗarsdóttir | 19 |- | Hafnarfjörður | Mirjam Yrsa Friðleifsdóttir | 24 |- | Arewacin Iceland | Amelia Rún Pétursdóttir | 20 |- | [[Aurora|Hasken Arewa]] | Sunna Dögg Jonsdóttir | 23 |- | [[Reykjavik]] | Anna Mist Guðmundsdóttir | 24 |- | Vestmannaeyjar | Díana Iva Gunnarsdóttir | 25 |- |} An fara zaban wakilai masu zuwa a matsayin masu fafatawa, amma sun fice daga gasar:<ref name="final 15"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Miss Universe Iceland 2020 Contestant Update |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CGPmCXeg4oh/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/CGPmCXeg4oh |archive-date=2021-12-26 |publisher=Miss Universe Iceland}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;" !Wakili ! Mai gasa ! Shekaru |- | Babban yanki | Tanja Styrmisdóttir | 18 |- | Crystal Beach | Melkorka Sól Sigurjonsdóttir | 20 |- | Ƙasar Wuta da Kankara | Kiana Sif Limehouse | 22 |- | [[Reykjavik|Reykjavik Harbor]] | Moeiður Svala Magnusdóttir | 22 |- | Seljalandsfoss | Auðbjörg Helga Óskardóttir | 19 |- |} == Alƙalai == * Aníta Ísey Jónsdóttir – ɗan rawa kuma mawaƙa<ref name="judge anita">{{Cite web |date=18 October 2020 |title=Miss Universe Iceland 2020 JUDGES ANNOUNCEMENT |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CGfkkIWARCu/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260106055915/https://www.instagram.com/p/CGfkkIWARCu/ |archive-date=2026-01-06 |publisher=Miss Universe Iceland |access-date=2025-11-27 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> * Hildur María Leifsdóttir – Miss Universe Iceland 2016<ref name="judge hildur">{{Cite web |date=18 October 2020 |title=Miss Universe Iceland 2020 JUDGES ANNOUNCEMENT |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CGfkSmFA8YJ/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260106145421/https://www.instagram.com/p/CGfkSmFA8YJ/ |archive-date=2026-01-06 |publisher=Miss Universe Iceland |access-date=2025-11-27 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> * Hrafnhildur Hafsteinsdóttir – Miss Iceland 1995<ref name="judge hrafnhildur">{{Cite web |date=18 October 2020 |title=Miss Universe Iceland 2020 JUDGES ANNOUNCEMENT |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CGfI5sUAf1q/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/CGfI5sUAf1q |archive-date=2021-12-26 |publisher=Miss Universe Iceland}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 802nyxxlbt6cf6pr2ilnravlnpafz0d 0 121986 843053 786840 2026-05-30T06:04:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nancy Nabil Ajram''' (Arabic; an haife ta a ranar 16 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1983) mawaƙiya ce kuma 'yar wasan talabijin, wanda Spotify ta kira "Sarauniyar Larabawa".[1] Tare da goyon bayan mahaifinta, ta fara yin wasan kwaikwayo tun tana yarinya kuma ta bayyana a shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa a farkon shekarunta. Lokacin da take da shekaru 15, Ajram ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar rikodi tare da EMI kuma ta saki kundi na farko na studio Mihtagalak (1998). Duk da kasancewa a ƙarƙashin shekarun doka, an yarda da Ajram a cikin ƙungiyar masu zane-zane a Lebanon.[2] A shekara mai zuwa, ta fitar da kundi na biyu Sheel Oyoonak Anni (2001).apc-LBapc-LBapc-LB Ci gabanta ya faru ne da fara haɗin gwiwarta da fitacciyar furodusa Jiji Lamara, a ƙasar Lebanon, lokacin da ta fito da waƙarta mai taken "Akhasmak Ah"; Mawaƙin Masarautar Mohamed Saad ne ya ƙirƙira, [1] da albam ɗin studio na uku Ya Salam (2003) wanda a cikinsa ta ɗauki hoto mai ɗaukar hankali ga jama'a yayin da take sake ƙirƙira kiɗan ta. Album na huɗu na Ajram Ah W Noss (2004) ya kasance wani nasarar kasuwanci, wanda ya haifar da ginshiƙi na farko na "Ah W Noss", "Lawn Ouyounak", "Oul Tani Keda" da "Inta Eyh", a wannan lokacin ta sami matsayi na pop icon a Gabas ta Tsakiya. [2] A cikin 2007, Ajram ta fitar da albam na 'ya'yanta na farko, Shakhbat Shakhabit, wanda shine aikin da ya fi shahara da nasara ga yara a lokacin. Betfakkar Fi Eih (2008), faifan kundi na shida, ta samar da wakoki bakwai da suka hada da nasarar cin nasara ta Masar "Betfakkar Fi Eih", "Min Dally Nseek" da kuma "Mashi Haddi" na Lebanon. Ta sami lambar yabo ta Kiɗa ta Duniya ta farko Ajram don mafi kyawun siyar da mai fasahar Gabas ta Tsakiya, kuma ta sanya ta zama ƙaramar WMA Larabawa zuwa yau. Bayan sayar da rikodin sama da miliyan 30 a duk duniya kamar na 2007, Ajram yana ɗaya daga cikin masu fasahar kiɗan Gabas ta Tsakiya mafi kyawun siyarwa. Ta hanyar 2010 an sanar da ita mafi kyawun siyar da mawaƙin mata na Gabas ta Tsakiya na shekaru goma (2000-2009). <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A tsawon rayuwarta, Ajram ta fitar da kundi guda goma sha biyu na studio har zuwa yau (ciki har da guda biyu da aka sadaukar don yara) da kuma ginshiƙi masu yawa kamar "Yay", "Ya Tabtab", "Moegaba", "Ehsas Jdeed", "Ibn El Giran", "Fi Hagat", "Ya Kether", "Ma Tegi Hena", "Aam Betaala'Fealadna", "Bawlee El" Shanak". Ajram ita ce mace ta farko kuma tilo mai magana da yawun [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]] a cikin kasashen Larabawa, tana fitar da waƙoƙin Coke da yawa na talla waɗanda suka zama tsintsiya madaurinki ɗaya, kamar "Oul Tani Keda", "El Dounya Helwa", "Noss El Kawn" da "Shaggaa Bi Alamak". Ajram ta yi jerin sunayen Larabawa da suka fi karfi kan ''harkokin kasuwancin Larabawa'' sau da yawa, kuma kamar yadda ''Newsweek'' ta sanya shi a matsayin daya daga cikin mawakan Larabawa masu tasiri. <ref name="business">{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=The Most Powerful Arab Singers |url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/index2.php?option=com_gallery&id=514657&img=3&mment=n |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413004404/http://www.arabianbusiness.com/index2.php?option=com_gallery&id=514657&img=3&mment=n |archive-date=April 13, 2016 |access-date=August 15, 2016 |website=Arabian Business}}</ref> Ta fito a cikin wakokin kishin kasa ga kasarta Lebanon, sannan ta sadaukar da wakokin kishin kasa guda bakwai ga Masar; kasar da ta yi fice sosai saboda godiyarta ta Misira irin su "Akhasmak Ah" da "Ah W Noss". [1] Tsakanin 2013 da 2017, Ajram ya yi aiki a matsayin alkali a kan MBC 's gaskiya talent show Arab Idol . Ta kuma fara aiki a matsayin koci a kan The Voice Kids Arabia a 2016. A cikin 2020, Nancy ta kasance mafi yawan ƙwararrun mata na Larabawa akan Spotify, inda ta sami fiye da 100 miliyan wasan kwaikwayo na waƙoƙin ta, sai mawaƙa na Lebanon Fairuz tare da wasanni miliyan 67. [2] == Tarihin Rayuwa == === 1983–2001: Farkon rayuwa da farkon aiki === An haifi Nancy Ajram a cikin dangin Kiristan Orthodox na Lebanon <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> a ranar 16 ga Mayu, 1983, a Achrafieh, gundumar [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]] . Ita ce babban ɗan Nabil Ajram da Raymonda Aoun. Tana da ’yar’uwa ɗaya, Nadine, da ɗan’uwa ɗaya, Nabil Jr. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ajram tana ɗan shekara takwas ne kawai lokacin da ta fara waƙa tare da kakarta, sannan ta ci gaba da shiga cikin nasara a gasar yara a gidajen talabijin na gida biyu, TL da LBC . A cikin 1995, yana da shekaru goma sha biyu, Ajram ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo iri-iri, ''Noujoum Al-Moustakbal'' (Turanci: ''Stars of the Future'' ) akan TV na gaba, gasar talabijin ta gaskiya ta Lebanon, wadda ta samo sababbin basirar kiɗa na solo. Ajram ta samu lambar zinare a rukunin Tarab bayan ta rera waka ta [[Ummu Kulthum]] . Ajram ta yi karatun kida tare da fitattun mawakan Lebanon kuma ko da yake ba ta kai shekara 18 ba, kungiyar kwararrun masu fasaha a Lebanon ta karbe ta a matsayin mamba. Tana da shekara 13, Ajram ta saki waƙarta ta farko "Kel Ma B'ello B Albi El Gheere" a 1996, sai kuma "Oulha Kelma" bayan shekara ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A cikin 1998, ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar yin rikodi tare da EMI kuma ta fitar da album ɗinta na farko na studio ''Mihtagalak'', sannan ''Sheel Oyoonak Anni'' (2001). === 2002–2004: Nasara da sabon hoto === A farkon shekara ta 2002, Ajram ya rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya tare da fitaccen furodusa kuma manajan fasaha Jiji Lamara, watanni huɗu bayan rabuwarsa da Aline Khalaf. Sun fara aiki tare don shirye-shiryen album ɗin studio na uku wanda ke canza salon kiɗanta da hotonta daga kyakkyawar yarinya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> An fito da waƙar Ajram mai taken "Akhasmak Ah", a cikin Disamba. Bidiyon wakar ya haifar da cece-kuce; mai tunawa da tsofaffin fina-finan Masar, ta fito a matsayin manajan cafe wanda ke rawa da kwarkwasa da kwastomominsa. Ta samu suka daga jaridu daban-daban, kuma ana son a haramta ta a gidajen Talabijin na Larabci da dama saboda abubuwan da ke tattare da jima'i. Sai dai a farkon shekarar 2003, Ajram ta yi suna, sakamakon nasarar da jarumar ta samu, da kuma fitar da albam dinta na uku, ''Ya Salam'' wanda ya fi kowa siyayya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Album dinta na hudu, ''Ah W Noss'', an sake shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2004, kuma ya kasance muhimmin mahimmin alamar a cikin aikin Ajram. Gagarumin nasarar da ''Ah W Noss'' ya samu, ta tabbatar da matsayin Ajram a matsayin tauraruwar A-List a masana'antar wakokin Larabawa. Daga nan sai Ajram ta dauki fim din "Lawn Ouyounak" (Launi na Idanunka), wanda ya nuna Ajram a matsayin amarya a wani bikin auren gargajiya na kasar Labanon. Bayan fitar da kundin, Ajram ya yi rajista tare da [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]] don zama mai magana da yawun fitattun mutanen yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka. Kasuwancin Coke dinta na farko ya nuna bugun ta, "Oul Tani Keda?" (Ka ce Haka Kuma?), Wanda aka yi fim tare da darektan Italiyanci na duniya Luca Tomassini. Nasarar da tallan ta samu ya sa aka yi fim ɗin a matsayin faifan bidiyo a bayan fage na tallan. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Fitowa ta 4 ta buga waƙa daga kundin, "Inta Eyh?" (Menene Kai?), Samir Sfeir ne ya shirya shi a hankali. Furodusar Oscar 'yar kasar Lebanon wacce aka zaba Nadine Labaki ce ta jagoranci faifan bidiyon waka da aka nuna Ajram a matsayin matar aure da ta ga mijinta yana yaudararta amma ta boye shi cikin azaba don ceto alakar su. Bidiyon kiɗan ya sami kyakkyawan bita kuma an yaba wa Ajram sosai. Manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da daraktoci na Masar, irin su [[Faten Hamama]], sun yaba da iyawar wasan kwaikwayo na Ajram, kuma tayin fim ya ninka na Ajram. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> === 2005–2007: ''Ya Tabtab...'' ''Wa Dallaa'' and ''Shakhbat Shakhabit'' === Album dinta na biyar, ''Ya Tabtab...'' ''Wa Dallaa'' ta fito ne a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu, 2006. ''Ya Tabtab'' an dauke shi a matsayin mafi kyawun kundi na Ajram a wancan lokacin, inda aka fitar da bidiyon waka guda shida, rediyo takwas ya yi, da wakoki biyar da ake amfani da su wajen talla. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Bidiyon waƙar taken shine haɗin gwiwa na ƙarshe da Ajram tare da Nadine Labaki, yayin da ta fara aikin fim ɗinta na Caramel . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga nan sai Ajram ta fitar da bidiyon [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]] ta buga "Moegaba" (Admirer), da kuma bidiyo da tallace-tallace don sabuwar kwangilar kayan ado na Damas da ta sanya hannu ta tallata saitin "Farfasha". Waƙar da aka yi amfani da ita ita ce "Ana Yalli" (Ni ne Daya) wanda aka inganta kafin fitar da kundin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Daga nan sai Ajram ya ba da haɗin kai a karon farko tare da fitaccen darektan Labanon Said El Marouk, yana yin fim "Ehsas Jdeed" (A New Sentiment) wanda ake ɗauka a matsayin waƙar da ta fi samun nasara a cikin kundin. Bidiyon, wanda ya kasance gaisuwar Said ga iyayensa kurame da bebe, ya nuna labarin wata hamshakin attajiri da ta yi soyayya da wani kurma kuma bebe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A cikin Disamba 2006, Ajram ya yi wasa tare da Lionel Richie a Masar a wani taron ƙaddamarwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Daga baya a cikin 2007, Ajram ta fitar da duka tare da bidiyon "Elli Kan" (Abin da Ya kasance) don yaƙin neman zaɓe na biyu na Damas, kasuwancinta na [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]] Side of Life wanda ke nuna sabon guda "El Donia Helwa" (Life is Beautiful), da wani kundi da aka yiwa yara, mai suna ''Shakhbat Shakhabit'' (Scribbled Doodles). "El Donia Helwa", tallace-tallace na bakwai na Ajram, ana ɗaukarta ɗaya daga cikin tallace-tallacen da ta fi nasara da ke wakiltar salonta da kuma [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]] 's masu launi, farin ciki, da kiɗa, kuma hakan ya sa ta fitar da wani kundi mai rai wanda ke dauke da guda ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Album din farko na Ajram wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga yara ya kunshi wakoki iri-iri da nufin koya wa yara kyawawan dabi'u da dabi'u, abin da ta dade tana son yi. Bidiyon waƙar shi ne haɗin kai na biyu da Said El Marouk kuma ya ƙunshi waƙoƙi huɗu daga cikin kundinta, waɗanda suka fi nasara a cikinsu sune "Shakhbat Shakhabit" da "Shater Shater". <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Ajram ta yi waɗannan waƙoƙin a wurare da yawa na tara kuɗi don yara da sauran abubuwan da suka faru na yara, kamar tashar TV ta yara MBC3, da kuma nunin TV na nishaɗi na yara "Star Zghar". <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Sannan ta yi fim tare da Fadi Haddad, darektan daukar hoto na ayyukanta na baya tare da El Marouk, bidiyon waƙar "Risala Lil Aalam" (Saƙo zuwa Duniya) wanda ke magana game da zaman lafiya a duniya. An fitar da bidiyon ne a ranar 25 ga Mayu, 2008, ranar da aka zabi shugaban kasar Lebanon Janar Michel Suleiman wanda ya kawo karshen takaddamar da ta barke tun watan Nuwamba. Shi ne bidiyo na farko na Ajram wanda ke da duniyar hoto gaba ɗaya wanda ke nuna wahalar yara a duk duniya da buƙatar fitar da su duniya mai launi da farin ciki. Tsohuwar jita-jita sun yi iƙirarin cewa an gabatar da bidiyon ga [[UNICEF]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> === 2008–2010: ''Betfakkar Fi Eih'', WMA, FIFA World Cup da ''Nancy 7'' === [[Fayil:Nancy_Ajram.jpg|right|thumb|204x204px|Ajram yana yin wasan kwaikwayo a [[Kairo|Alkahira]], 2008]] A cikin Fabrairu da Maris 2008, Ajram ta fitar da tallace-tallacen [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]] guda uku waɗanda suka fito da sabon bugu daga kundinta da aka daɗe ana jira. Waƙar, "Meen Ghairy Ana (Noss El Kawn)" (Wane ne Amma Ni?) Masu nasara "Yay" da "Ana Yalli" uku ne suka yi, Nizar Francis, Samir Sfeir, da Tarek Madkour. Guda ɗaya ya kasance ɗan bugu nan take kuma ya yi aiki azaman haɓakar nasara sosai watanni 5 kafin sakin kundin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Ajram ta fito da kundi na studio na shida bayan jinkiri da yawa a ranar 30 ga Yuli, 2008. Wannan kundin da aka daɗe ana jira ya ba wa masoyanta mamaki tare da wani gagarumin sauyi a salonta wanda ya gabatar da balagaggen iyawar muryarta ba kamar da ba. Album na shida na Ajram, ''Betfakkar Fi Eih'', ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin faifan waƙa da ta yi nasara har ya zuwa yanzu ta sami lambar yabo ta kiɗan duniya ta farko a cikin aikinta. <ref name="WMA2008">{{Cite web |title=Nancy Ajram Wins World Music Award 2008 |url=http://waleg.com/archives/014194.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104040008/http://waleg.com/archives/014194.html |archive-date=November 4, 2018 |access-date=September 9, 2017 |website=Waleg}}</ref> Kundin ya ƙunshi waƙarta ta farko ta "Tarab" mai suna "Biteegy Sirtak" tun daga kundin Mihtagalak na 1998, kuma gabaɗaya tana da nau'ikan salo iri-iri da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da rawa, bugun, pop, zuwa wasan kwaikwayo, soyayya, Tarab da tsofaffi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ko da yake bidiyon kiɗa na "Betfakkar Fi Eih" yana da ra'ayoyi gauraye, bidiyo na biyu guda ɗaya, "Min Dally Nseek" ya sami karɓuwa sosai, yana girma a lamba 1 na makonni bakwai a jere a Melody Hits. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 2008, kimanin watanni biyu bayan aurenta, Ajram ta lashe lambar yabo ta Kiɗa ta Duniya na farko don kundi mafi kyawun siyarwar ''Betfakkar Fi Eih'' . A cikin gajeren jawabinta, Ajram ta gode wa iyayenta, Jiji Lamara, masoyanta da masu yin albam, da mijinta, tana mai cewa "2008 shekara ce mai ban sha'awa - albam mai nasara, bikin aure na, kuma yanzu lambar yabo ta Duniya, me zan iya neman ƙarin?". <ref name="WMA2008" /> Haka mawakan ukun da suka kirkiri "Ehsas Jdeed" ya yi daya daga cikin radiyon nan take na kundin, "Lamset Eed" (Touch of a Hand), wanda aka yi fim tare da Leila Kanaan tare da babban kasafin kuɗi, kuma waƙar da bidiyon kiɗan sun haura ginshiƙi na tsawon watanni. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Da wannan kundi Ajram ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar amincewa da shahararru da Sony Ericsson, yayin da aka fitar da waya ta musamman ta w595 mai rike da sa hannun Ajram, kuma an zabi "Wana Ben Ideik" a matsayin wakar kasuwanci. <ref name="Sony">{{Cite web |title=Nancy Ajram becomes Sony Ericsson's brand ambassador |url=http://www.iaauae.org/en/news-archive/nancy-ajram-becomes-sony-ericssone28099s-brand-ambassador.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911025155/http://www.iaauae.org/en/news-archive/nancy-ajram-becomes-sony-ericssone28099s-brand-ambassador.html |archive-date=September 11, 2017 |access-date=September 10, 2017 |website=IAA}}</ref> [[Fayil:Nancy_Ajram_-_Bahrain_Concert_2010_-_Dec_4,_2010_(2).jpg|left|thumb|286x286px|Ajram yayin wani shagali a [[Baharen|Bahrain]], 2010]] A ranar 28 ga Satumba, 2009, ''Oprah Winfrey Show'' ta watsa wani shiri mai suna "Fame Around the World" wanda yayi magana game da shahararrun mashahuran duniya a cikin takaitattun rahotanni. Ajram dake wakiltar yankin gabas ta tsakiya da kuma kasashen larabawa, ta bayyana a cikin wani rahoto da aka gabatar a shirin kuma Oprah ta bayyana shi a matsayin " [[Britney Spears]] na Gabas ta Tsakiya ". Ajram ita ce ta farko kuma ita kaɗai ce mai fasaha ta Gabas ta Tsakiya da aka taɓa ambata a wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A lokacin rani na 2010, [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]] Gabas ta Tsakiya ta zabi Ajram don rera waƙa, tare da K'naan, waƙarsa na kasa da kasa da waƙarsa don gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA 2010, " Wavin' Flag ". Fassarar Larabci mai suna "Shaggaa Be Alamak" kuma aka tura shi zuwa yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya, Ayman Bahgat Amar ne ya rubuta sassanta na Larabci (wanda a baya ya rubuta Ah W Noss, Ya Tabtab da Eftah Albak na Ajram) da kuma waƙar Tarek Madkour ya sake sarrafa shi. An yi amfani da ainihin bidiyon kiɗan don sassan K'naan yayin da aka yi fim ɗin sassan Ajram daban a Lebanon bisa ƙa'ida ɗaya a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Leila Kanaan . Bidiyon da wakar dai an watsa su sosai a lokacin gasar ta FIFA kuma an yi wani bangare na wakar musamman a lokacin hutun kasuwanci a tashar Aljazeera, wacce ke watsa wasannin ga kasashen Larabawa kadai. Bayan wata daya, Ajram ta yi fim ɗin talla don sabuwar kwangilarta da Lactalis ta tallata yoghurt ɗin su na Lactel . <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Agusta, shafin Facebook na Ajram ya buga samfoti na daƙiƙa 16 na bidiyon kiɗan na Ajram na gaba, "Fi Hagat". Daga baya, an sanar da cewa Nadine Labaki ce ta jagoranci faifan bidiyon, wanda hakan ya sa ta dawo kan hanyar bidiyo ta kiɗa bayan hutun shekaru 4. Bidiyon kuma shine haɗin gwiwa na farko tsakanin Ajram da Labaki tun 2006 na "Ya Tabtab". Cikakken bidiyon waƙar ya fito a ranar 6 ga Satumba, 2010, da ƙarfe 8:00&nbsp;pm a Araba TV da MTV Lebanon, a rana guda ta fito da kundi na bakwai mai cikakken tsawon nata mai suna ''Nancy 7'' . Tun daga watan Janairun 2011, Ajram ya zama farkon mai mallakar bidiyon kiɗan Larabci a Intanet. === 2011–2014: ''Super Nancy'', ''Arab Idol'' da ''Nancy 8'' === A watan Agustan 2011, Nissan ta zaɓi Ajram ta zama jakadan hukuma a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka. A ranar 7 ga Satumba, Ajram a hukumance ta ƙaddamar da sabuwar sabuwar motar Nissan Micra ta 2012 a wani taron manema labarai na musamman a Lebanon. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Janairu, 2012, an ba da sanarwar a hukumance cewa Ajram ta lashe lambar yabo ta Duniya ta Kiɗa ta biyu a matsayin Mawaƙin Duniya na Mafi kyawun Siyar Gabas ta Tsakiya don tallace-tallacen album ɗin ''Nancy 7'' a 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2012, Ajram ta fito da kundi na biyu da aka sadaukar don yara, mai suna ''Super Nancy'' tare da waƙar jagorar "Ya Banat". A ƙarshen asu, Anlene ya nada Ajram sabon Jakadiyar yanki don ƙaƙƙarfan alamar madarar manya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> An yi fim ɗin tallace-tallacen a watan Agusta tare da daraktan Ba'amurke ɗan ƙasar Lebanon Oliver Ojeil a Beirut. A wani taron manema labarai da ta gudanar a Dubai a ranar 20 ga watan Oktoba, Ajram ta bayyana cewa, za ta taimaka wajen wayar da kan matan da ke yankin gabas ta tsakiya kan cutar kasusuwa da kasusuwa. Bayan wata guda, an sanar da hukuma a cikin cewa Ajram ya shiga kakar wasa ta biyu na mashahurin gwaninta na ''Arab Idol'', tare da abokan alkalai mawaƙin Lebanon Ragheb Alama, Mawaƙin Emirati Ahlam da mai shirya rikodin Masar Hassan El Shafei . <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Bayan jinkiri da yawa, Ajram a ƙarshe ta fitar da kundi na cikakken tsawonta na takwas mai suna ''Nancy 8'' a ranar 21 ga Maris, 2014, wanda magoya baya ke tsammani kusan shekaru huɗu. Waƙar jagorar kundin waƙar, "Ma Tegi Hena", ya sami karɓuwa sosai daga masu sukar kiɗa waɗanda suka kwatanta shi da "Akhasmak Ah," nasarar Ajram ta buga guda ɗaya. Bayan watanni biyu, Ajram ta sami lambar yabo ta Duniya ta Duniya ta uku a matsayin mafi kyawun mai fasahar Gabas ta Tsakiya a kan Mayu 27, 2014, a Monte Carlo, Monaco. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (December 2019)">Madogaran da ba na farko da ake buƙata ba</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A cikin Satumba 2014, Ajram ya dawo a matsayin alkali a karo na uku na ''Arab Idol'' . Uku daga cikin alkalan hudu, ciki har da ita, sun dawo tare da maye gurbin Rajeb Alama, bayan yanayi biyu a jere, ta wani fitaccen mawaki dan kasar Lebanon, Wael Kfoury . <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Bayan wata guda, Oktoba 2, 2014, Huawei ya sanar da Ajram a matsayin Jakadiyar Alamar Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka a lokacin ƙaddamar da wayar salula ta Ascend Mate 7 a [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kwana daya da ta gabata, tallace-tallacen TV ya fito a kan shafin yanar gizon Ajram na Facebook, wanda ke nuna ta buga "Nam Bi Albi" daga kundin ''Nancy 8'', wanda aka yi fim tare da darektan Lebanon Said El Marouk kuma Oliver Ojeil ya shirya a ƙarƙashin lakabin kamfaninsa na shirya fina-finai Chiaroscuro Films. Bayan sa'o'i 48, bidiyon kiɗan ya kai ra'ayoyi miliyan 1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (December 2019)">Madogaran da ba na farko da ake buƙata ba</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === 2015-yanzu: ''The Voice Kids'', ''Nancy 9'', ''Nancy 10'' da ''Nancy 11'' === [[Fayil:نانسي_عجرم_2.jpg|left|thumb|Ajram a kakar 4th na ''Arab Idol'' a cikin 2016]] A cikin Yuli 2015, An tabbatar da Ajram bisa hukuma a matsayin alkali a farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na TV da aka yaba sosai ''The Voice Kids'' tare da Kadim Al Sahir da Tamer Hosny . <ref name="StepFeed">{{Cite web |date=July 29, 2015 |title=Celebrity judges unveiled for MBC's The Voice spinoff for kids |url=http://stepfeed.com/celebrity-judges-unveiled-for-mbc-s-the-voice-spinoff-for-kids-4301 |access-date=September 27, 2017 |archive-date=September 27, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927114038/http://stepfeed.com/celebrity-judges-unveiled-for-mbc-s-the-voice-spinoff-for-kids-4301 |url-status=dead }}</ref> An fara wasan kwaikwayon akan MBC1 akan Janairu 2, 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Tun daga 2020, Nancy har yanzu ta kasance alkali a kan wasan kwaikwayon na 3rd da kuma na baya-bayan nan lokacin da dan takararta ya yi nasara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> A bikin cika shekaru 20, Cibiyar Gida ta sanar da Ajram a matsayin jakadan alama. <ref name="HomeCentre" /> A lokacin kaddamar da taron da ya faru a ranar 13 ga Oktoba, 2015, a [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]], Ajram ya ce: "Na yi farin cikin kasancewa cikin iyali na Cibiyar Gida. Gidajen gida ne na haɓaka halin mutum wanda ta hanyar da suke iya bayyana kansu kuma Cibiyar Gida ta ba ku nau'in samfurori da ke taimaka muku ƙirƙirar wannan sararin samaniya. Kamar yadda wani wanda ya ɗauki Cibiyar Girmamawa a cikin gidanmu na iya sa ido a cikin watanni na gaba. zuwa." <ref name="HomeCentre">{{Cite web |last=Godubai |title=Home Centre Hosts Grand 20th Anniversary Soirée with Brand Ambassador Nancy Ajram |url=http://www.godubai.com/citylife/Press_Release_page.asp?Pr=103383&Sname=Home+Furniture+and+Interiors |access-date=September 27, 2017 |website=godubai.com |archive-date=October 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151023062246/http://www.godubai.com/citylife/Press_Release_page.asp?Pr=103383&Sname=Home+Furniture+and+Interiors |url-status=dead }}</ref> Shekara guda bayan Ajram ta fara aiki a kan kundi na studio na tara, an fitar da waƙar "Maakoul El Gharam" a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 2015, wanda ya kai matsayi na 1 a Anghami, ya kafa sabon rikodin a cikin sa'o'i 12; <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> a ƙarshe an cire shi daga jerin waƙoƙin ƙarshe don kundi na studio na tara. Ajram ya dawo a matsayin alkali a kan ''Arab Idol'' a karo na hudu tare da sauran alkalai Wael Kfoury, Ahlam da Hassan El Shafei ; Karo na hudu da aka fara ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Fayil:Nancy_Ajram_performs_at_the_Dbayeh_International_Festival_(41917801115).jpg|thumb|Ajram yana wasa a bikin Dabayeh International Festival na 2017]] A ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 2017, Ajram ta fito da kundi na studio na tara, ''Nancy 9 (Hassa Beek)'', ta In2Musica. Kundin ya yi kololuwa a lamba daya akan Chart na Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin ''Kayayyaki'' kuma ya kasance a saman har tsawon makonni 16 masu ci gaba tun lokacin da aka fitar da shi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Rikodin ya kai tallace-tallace na Virgin Megastores a [[Lebanon]] na tsawon watanni 4 masu ci gaba, yayin da a [[Misra|Masar]] ya kasance a saman har tsawon makonni 15 masu ci gaba, haka kuma a cikin [[Saudi Arebiya|KSA]], [[Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa|UAE]] da [[Baharen|Bahrain]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Kundin ya sami goyan bayan fitowar mawaƙa guda biyu, gami da jagorar guda ɗaya "Aam Betaala' Feek", wanda ya karya sabon rikodin a matsayin waƙar mafi sauri don isa rafukan miliyan ɗaya akan Anghami . <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (December 2019)">Madogaran da ba na farko ba</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Har ila yau, waƙar ta sami nasara ta kasuwanci, inda ta haye ginshiƙi na kiɗan Larabci da gidajen rediyo da yawa na makonni a jere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin harshen Larabci na " Ikon Hudu ," wani shiri na musamman na sa'a daya na ''The Powerpuff Girls'', Ajram ya yi sauti na hudu Powerpuff Girl, Bliss, wanda ya bayyana a cikin shirin. "Power of Four" wanda aka fara akan hanyar sadarwa ta Cartoon MENA a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (August 2023)">Madogaran da ba na farko da ake buƙata ba</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A cikin 2018, Ajram ta zama mawaƙiyar Lebanon ta farko da ta zarce ra'ayoyi miliyan 100 akan [[YouTube]] tare da waƙarta mai suna "Ya Banat" a tashar YouTube ba bisa ka'ida ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A cikin Satumba 2018, ta fito da waƙar "Badna Nwalee El Jaw" da farko akan Anghami sannan kuma a tashar ta ta YouTube. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> An sake shi da wani "Albi Ya Albi" a cikin Janairu 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A lokacin [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|annobar COVID-19]], Ajram ya yi a wani shiri na musamman kai tsaye a YouTube a watan Mayu 2020, mai suna ''Hope Beyond Borders'' . An biye da wani wasan kwaikwayo na raye-raye akan [[TikTok]] a cikin Satumba 2020, mai taken ''Nunin Live na 2020'' . An shirya gudanar da taron a watan Agusta amma an jinkirta saboda fashewar Beirut na 2020 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ajram ta yi bikin ranar iyaye mata ta hanyar fitar da waƙar "Emmi" a cikin Maris 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Tsakanin Mayu da Yuli 2021, ta fitar da waƙoƙin talla guda huɗu daga kundi na goma mai zuwa. An fitar da kundin mai suna ''Nancy 10'' a ranar 10 ga Yuli, 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A ranar 25 ga Yuli 2022, waƙar Ajram ta "Sah Sah" ta zama waƙar harshen Larabci na farko da ta shiga ''Billboard'' {{'}} Dance/Waƙoƙin Lantarki mai nuna American DJ [[Marshmello]] . Nancy Ajram ta fitar da kundi nata na goma sha ɗaya, ''Nancy 11'', a ranar 17 ga Yuli, 2025. Kundin ɗin ya bincika ra'ayoyin duality da son kai. Ta samu nasara mai karfi a jadawalin, inda ta kai kasashe goma na farko a [[Lebanon]], [[Yemen]], [[Jodan|Jordan]], [[Aljeriya|Algeria]], [[Tunisiya|Tunisia]], [[Oman]], [[Misra|Masar]], [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]], [[Kuwaiti (ƙasa)|Kuwait]], [[Baharen|Bahrain]], [[Finland]], [[Turkmenistan]] da [[Qatar]], sannan ta kai matsayi na daya a Lebanon, Yemen, Algeria, Saudi Arabia da Qatar. Ba da daɗewa ba, a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba, 2025, Ajram ta kafa tarihi tare da wasan kwaikwayo na farko a [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], tana yin wasan kwaikwayo a Istora Senayan Arena a [[Jakarta]] . Nunin ya zana dubban magoya baya, ya nuna wani mataki na juyawa da jerin jerin gwano na kusan 18 daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ta yi fice, har ma sun hada da wani duet mai ban mamaki tare da tauraron Indonesiya Ayu Ting Ting akan "Ma Tegi Hena". Masu lura da kafafen yada labarai sun lura cewa wannan wasan kwaikwayon ya nuna babban kide-kide na farko a kudu maso gabashin Asiya da wani mai fasaha na Balarabe ya yi, wanda ya kara tabbatar da matsayin Nancy Ajram a matsayin tambarin kasa da kasa. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ajram ya fara saduwa da sanannen likitan hakori dan kasar Lebanon Fadi El Hachem a shekara ta 2005, bayan ya san shi shekaru da yawa a matsayin majiyyaci. Ma'auratan sun yi nasarar kiyaye dangantakar daga jama'a tare da kiyaye sirrin su har sai an dauki hoton tare yayin tafiya zuwa [[Tunisiya|Tunisia]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Bayan dangantakar shekaru uku, su biyun sun yi aure a wani biki na kud da kud da danginsu da abokansu na kusa suka halarta a [[Cyprus]] ranar 1 ga Satumba, 2008. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A ranar haihuwarta na 26th, Mayu 16, 2009, ta haifi ɗansu na farko, diya mai suna Mila. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ajram ta saka wa diyarta waka mai suna Ya Rabi Tekbar Mila a wannan rana. <ref name="Biography">{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |access-date=September 27, 2017 |archive-date=August 21, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> A wani binciken da Mujallar Rotana ta yi, an zabi Ajram a matsayin "Mafi Kyawun Mama" na 2009. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Ajram ta yanke shawarar ba za ta bar 'yarta Mila daga jama'a ba har sai su biyun sun bayyana a bangon mujallar Prestige a cikin wani hoto na musamman. Daga baya Mila ta fito a cikin faifan bidiyon wakar Ajram na "Ya Kether" a gaban 'yan jarida wadanda suka yada hotunanta. A ranar 23 ga Afrilu, 2011, ta haifi 'yarta ta biyu Ella, kuma ta fitar da wata waka mai suna "Hadri Laabek" a wannan rana. <ref name="Biography" /> A ranar 30 ga Janairu, 2019, ta haifi 'yarta ta uku, Lya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Bayan kwana hudu, Ajram ta sake mata waka mai suna "Lya". Ajram na daya daga cikin fitattun jaruman Larabawa a shafukan sada zumunta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> == Ayyukan agaji da aikin jin kai == Ajram ta halarci bukukuwan agaji da dama da kide-kide da ta dauki fifiko a harkar waka. Ajram ta kuma fitar da wata waka mai taken zaman lafiya mai suna "Risala Lil Aalam" (Sako zuwa ga Duniya), a cikin albam din 'ya'yanta na farko na Shakhbat Shakhabit a matsayin faifan bidiyo na waka, wanda aka yi rade-radin gabatar da shi ga UNICEF. Ajram ya kuma shiga cikin wasu fitattun mawakan Larabawa sama da 100 a wani gagarumin shiri mai suna "Al Dhameer Al Arabi" (wanda aka fitar a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2008), mai shekaru 10 na ci gaba da " El Helm El Arabi " wanda ke bayyana manyan al'amuran siyasa a kasashen Larabawa a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A watan Yunin 2008, Ajram ta shiga cikin The Big Ball, wani taron agaji a Dubai wanda ya tara sama da Dhs 940,000 don taimakon yara marasa galihu ta hanyar yin gwanjo ɗaya daga cikin rigunan da ta fi so da kuma ƙarfafa abubuwan tara kuɗi na yara; Ta sanar da cewa, "Babban Ball yana yin wani abu mai ban al'ajabi kuma ina farin cikin goyon bayansa. Ina zuwa ne don son yara na kuma saboda ina so in taimaka wa yara marasa galihu su sami wuri mai dadi a wannan duniya. Yara sun yi wahayi zuwa ga sabon album na ''Shakhbat Shakhabit'' musamman ma waƙar "Risala lil Aalam" (Sako zuwa ga Duniya). A ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 2009, [[UNICEF]] ta zabi Ajram a matsayin mace ta farko a matsayin jakadiyar yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka, kamar yadda aka sanar a wani taron manema labarai da aka gudanar a Beirut. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Ajram ya ba da sanarwar cewa za ta fara aikin sadaka a cikin 2010. A karshen [[Kal Naga|']] yan wasan UNIDEL kamar [[Sabar Rebai|Kadim]] Al Sahir, Sabamed Kaghar , Fayez Al Malki da 'yar wasan kwaikwayo 'yar Iran Mahtab Keramati . A cikin 2013, Ajram ta yi waƙa mai taken ''Worth 100 Maza'' ("Bmeet Ragel" a Larabci) - jerin almara na rediyo wanda Gidauniyar Mata ta shirya, wanda ke mai da hankali kan ilimin mata, horarwa da haɓakawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> == Rigingimu == Ajram ta haifar da cece-kuce a shekarar 2018 lokacin da tawagar gudanarwarta suka isa wurin bikin Pride a Gothenburg inda suka nemi a cire mata dukkan tutocin bakan gizo domin ta yi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mawakiyar Lebanon, Hamed Sinno ya soki ta a wani sakon Facebook kuma ya ce sun <nowiki>[</nowiki> Mashrou' Leila <nowiki>]</nowiki> sun buga bikin bude bikin yayin da dukkan tutocin girman kai ke tashi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Daga baya Ajram ta fayyace ta hanyar [[Twitter|tweet]] cewa ba ita ce shawararta ko hukumar gudanarwarta ba don cire tutocin girman kai, sai dai na mai shirya gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Lamarin cin zarafi === Da sanyin safiyar ranar 5 ga Janairu, 2020, wani dan fashi da makami mai suna Mohamed Hassan Moussa ya shiga gidan Ajram da mijinta Fadi El Hachem a Sehaileh, gundumar Keserwan . A lokacin hutu a Moussa an harbe El Hachem har lahira. Daga baya mai gabatar da kara na kasar Lebanon Ghada Aoun ya bayar da sammacin kama El Hachem tare da bude bincike kan lamarin. Ita kanta Ajram ta samu ‘yar rauni a kafarta ta dama. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Janairu, an sake El Hachem daga kurkuku tare da hana yin balaguro zuwa ƙasashen waje har sai an kammala bincike. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Ajram ta lura cewa "masanin da mijinta ya yi wa wanda ya kashe shi ne bayan mummunar barazanar da ta faru na kusan mintuna 6 zuwa 7". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Majiyoyin yada labarai na cikin gida sun ruwaito cewa Moussa, wanda aka haifa a shekarar 1989 a Basqala, a lardin Idlib, a Syria, ya yi aure kuma ya kasance uba. Ya kasance mai aikin lambu ga El Hachem, kuma ya fuskanci ma'aikacin da ya gabata da bindigar bogi da aka sauke, yana neman albashinsa da ba a biya shi ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Amma, Ajram ya musanta cewa sun san Musa kuma yana yi musu aiki. An ga wanda ya kutsa kai cikin faifan bidiyo na CCTV a rufe, kuma an nade shi yana jira a waje na tsawon sa’o’i biyu kafin ya shiga Villa, duk kuwa da kasancewar jami’an tsaro. Daga baya, ya nuna bindiga a El Hachem kafin ya shiga dakin yara. A wannan lokaci, El Hachem ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya yi aikin kare kansa ne kuma ya harbe wanda ya kutsa kai har lahira. A cewar rahoton ilimin likitanci, an harbe Moussa sau 17 tare da bindigar Glock 17 : sau ɗaya a hannun dama, sau biyu a kafadar hagu, sau ɗaya a ƙarƙashin hammata na hagu, harbi uku a cikin ƙirji, harbi biyu a ciki, harbi bakwai a baya, da harbi ɗaya a cinyar hagu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Ana cikin haka sai Ajram ta buya a bandaki tana kiran mahaifinta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Iyalin wanda ya aikata laifin da farko sun ƙi ɗaukar gawarsa daga asibiti, tun lokacin da El Hachem ya fito daga tsare kafin a binne shi, wanda ya saba wa al'adarsu; duk da haka, sun dauki gawarsa don binne shi a Damascus yayin da aka sanar da ci gaba da bincike. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, 2020, an tuhumi El Hachem da laifin kisan kai da gangan; duk da haka, an dauke shi a matsayin halaltaccen aikin kare kai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, 2023, wata kotu a cikin gida ta ba da shawarar wanke El Hachem daga tuhumar kisan kai, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> kamar yadda dangin mai laifin suka yi iƙirarin cewa ya kamata a biya diyya. A ranar 2 ga Oktoba, 2023, Kotun Cassation ta yanke hukunci na karshe, inda ta wanke El Hachem daga dukkan tuhume-tuhume. <ref>{{Cite web |title=23 years ago, the queen of Arab pop #NancyAjram debuted her first studio album |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227132349/https://www.instagram.com/p/CRKo6I_FNFi/ |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=July 11, 2021 |website=Spotify |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography |url=http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |website=Nancy Ajram |access-date=2025-12-05 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821115258/http://nancyajram.com/en/#!/biography |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] iy6wxn7t1ixniwpj439jtomxxov0zwv 0 122655 842791 745207 2026-05-29T21:24:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mohamed Fadhel Ben Achour''' ( Arabic ; 16 ga Oktoba, 1909 - 20 ga Afrilu, 1970) ɗan [[Tunisiya|ƙasar Tunisiya]] ne, masanin tauhidi, marubuci, mai rajin kare haƙƙin 'yan kasuwa, mai ilimi da kuma mai kishin ƙasa wanda aka haifa a La Marsa . == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haife shi a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 1909, a cikin iyalin Malamai, Majistare da Manyan Jami'ai na babban aji na tsakiya na Tunisia, ya fara koyon [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alƙur'ani]] da nahawun Larabci tun yana ɗan shekara uku. Ya kuma koyi [[Faransanci|harshen Faransanci]] yana ɗan shekara tara. Ya shiga jami'ar Ez-Zitouna a shekarar 1922 inda aka yi masa rajista kai tsaye a shekara ta biyu. A shekarar 1928, ya sami takardar shaidar kammala karatun sakandare ta Zitounian, wacce a lokacin ake kira tatwi. A shekarar 1931, ya yi rajista a Faculty of Letters of Algiers a matsayin mai binciken kuɗi kyauta. Daga nan ya shiga cikin manyan malamai na Zitounian cikin sauri: ya yi nasara a shekarar 1932 tare da taimakon malamai na matakin biyu, kuma a shekarar 1935, a cikin malamai na matakin farko a Jami'ar Ez-Zitouna . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cheikh Mohamed Fadhel Ben Achour, un homme aux multiples facettes |url=https://www.espacemanager.com/il-y-47-ans-disparaissait-le-cheikh-mohamed-fadhel-ben-achour-un-homme-aux-multiples-facettes.html }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bayan 'yan shekaru, ya zama darektan Khaldounia, babban manaja na Cibiyar Binciken Musulunci, wanda aka haɗa shi da Khaldounia, sannan shugaban farko na Faculty of Religious Sciences na Tunis kuma a ƙarshe memba na Kwalejin Harshen Larabci da ke Alkahira da kuma Kwalejin Larabawa ta Damascus . [1] [[Fayil:الملك_فيصل_بن_عبد_العزيز_ال_سعود.png|thumb|Mohamed Fadhel Ben Achour tare da sarki [[Faisal na Saudi Arabia|Faisal na Saudiyya]] (Tunis, 1975)]] === Kare Dokar Matsayin Mutum === A matsayinsa na Babban Mufti na [[Tunisiya|Jamhuriyar Tunisiya]], yana ɗaya daga cikin masu addinin da suka kare tanade-tanaden Dokar Matsayin Mutum (CPS) a Tunisiya, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cheikh Mohamed Fadhel Ben Achour, un homme aux multiples facettes |url=https://www.espacemanager.com/il-y-47-ans-disparaissait-le-cheikh-mohamed-fadhel-ben-achour-un-homme-aux-multiples-facettes.html |access-date=2025-12-14 |archive-date=2024-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203043523/https://www.espacemanager.com/il-y-47-ans-disparaissait-le-cheikh-mohamed-fadhel-ben-achour-un-homme-aux-multiples-facettes.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cheikh Mohamed Fadhel Ben Achour, un homme aux multiples facettes |url=https://www.espacemanager.com/il-y-47-ans-disparaissait-le-cheikh-mohamed-fadhel-ben-achour-un-homme-aux-multiples-facettes.html |access-date=2025-12-14 |archive-date=2024-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203043523/https://www.espacemanager.com/il-y-47-ans-disparaissait-le-cheikh-mohamed-fadhel-ben-achour-un-homme-aux-multiples-facettes.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> domin suna wakiltar fassarar [[Musulunci]] mai yiwuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cheikh Fadhel Ben Achour, un grand penseur doublé d'un homme d'action |url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/1495-cheikh-fadhel-ben-achour-un-grand-penseur-double-d-un-homme-d-action |website=leaders}}</ref> Ya bayyana CPS a matsayin "wajibi na zamani [...] amma koyaushe yana daidai da nassoshin Musulunci na asali." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Et Bourguiba libéra la femme |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/62898/politique/et-bourguiba-lib-ra-la-femme/ |website=jeune afrique}}</ref> == Iyali == Mohamed Fadhel Ben Achour ya auri Sabiha Djaït, 'yar Sheikh Mohamed Abdelaziz Djaït, a shekarar 1938. Ma'auratan sun haifi 'ya'ya shida: 'ya'ya maza biyu, Yadh da Rafa, da 'ya'ya mata huɗu: Hela (farfesa a fannin falsafa), Raoudha, Rabaâ (ƙwararre a fannin ilimi), da Sana (ƙwararre a fannin shari'a). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cheikh Mohamed Fadhel Ben Achour, un homme aux multiples facettes |url=https://www.espacemanager.com/il-y-47-ans-disparaissait-le-cheikh-mohamed-fadhel-ben-achour-un-homme-aux-multiples-facettes.html |access-date=2025-12-14 |archive-date=2024-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203043523/https://www.espacemanager.com/il-y-47-ans-disparaissait-le-cheikh-mohamed-fadhel-ben-achour-un-homme-aux-multiples-facettes.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Daraja == * 1966 : Kwamandan Umarnin Jamhuriyar Tunisiya * 1968 : Kwamandan Ouissam Alaouite na [[Moroko|Morocco]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1970]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1909]] 7d7kxrfpmk67ock5loa5pisupju6k2v 0 125052 842725 753205 2026-05-29T19:33:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Urmila''' "Millie" '''Banerjee''', CBE (née '''Ray-Chaudhuri'''; an haife ta a ranar 30 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1946) 'yar kasuwa ce ta Burtaniya wacce ta rike mukamai da yawa. == Ayyuka == Banerjee ya sami BSc a fannin ilimin dabbobi a Kwalejin Jami'ar London sannan kuma DMS daga Polytechnic na Arewacin London (yanzu Jami'ar Arewacin London). A shekara ta 1970, ta fara aiki don Sadarwar Sadarwar Ofishin Jakadancin, da farko a matsayin manajan aiki kuma ta tashi zuwa matakin Darakta daga 1990 zuwa 1995 a cikin abin da ke yanzu BT. Banerjee daga nan ya koma ICO Global Communications, yana aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Gudanar da Shirin daga 1995 zuwa 1997, sannan Mataimakin Mataimakin Shugaba na Ayyuka har zuwa 2000.<ref name="Who's Who">{{Cite web |last=A & C Black |year=2012 |title=BANERJEE, Urmila, (Millie) |url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U2000169 |access-date=2012-04-25 |website=Who's Who 2012, online edition |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref><ref name="BTPA bio">{{Cite web |last=British Transport Police Authority |year=2012 |title=Millie Banerjee |url=http://btpa.police.uk/1059/millie-banerjee |access-date=2012-04-25 |website=BTPA website}}</ref> == Alkawarin jama'a == Banerjee yana da ƙwarewar kwamitin da yawa, bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan da ba babban jami'a ba ko memba na kwamitin ga ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da bangaren jama'a: Matsayin gwamnati na Banerjee sun hada da [[Prison Service Agency|Hukumar Kula da Kurkuku]] (1990-1995), Ofishin Ma'aikatar tsakanin 1999 da 2005, Nurses and Allied Professions Pay Review Board (1999-2002), Channel 4 daga 2000 zuwa 2002, Hukumar Nuni na Shari'a (2001-05), da kuma Strategic Rail Authority, (2002-05), kuma a matsayin Shugaban Postwatch daga 2005 zuwa 2008 lokacin da aka hade shi cikin Consumer Focus, da kuma na Hukumar Kula da Postal a 2011 har sai an rushe shi kuma ya haɗu da Ofcom, kuma a matsayin memba na Ofcom kanta daga 2002 zuwa 2012.<ref name="Who's Who"/><ref name="Nominet Trust bio">{{Cite web |last=Nominet Trust |year=2011 |title=Millie Banerjee CBE |url=http://www.nominettrust.org.uk/node/402/lightbox2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105104602/http://www.nominettrust.org.uk/node/402/lightbox2 |archive-date=5 November 2013 |access-date=2012-04-25 |website=Nominet Trust website}}</ref> Cibiyoyin ilimi da sana'a waɗanda Banerjee ya shiga ciki sun haɗa da kasancewa Gwamna na Jami'ar Bankin Kudu ta London daga 1993 zuwa 1998, a matsayin Darakta na Focus Central London (1997-2000) da kuma Hukumar Ci Gaban Kwarewar Sashen (2001-04), a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Ba da Shawara ga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Tanaka a Kwalejin Imperial ta London daga 2003 zuwa 2007, kuma a matsayin Amintattun (kuma daga baya shugaban) na Carnegie United Kingdom Trust (2001-2007).<ref name="Who's Who" /><ref name="BTPA bio"/> Ta kasance Shugabar Hukumar 'yan sanda ta Burtaniya daga 2008 zuwa 2015 <ref name="Who's Who"/> Banerjee a halin yanzu Gwamna ne na Peabody Trust tun daga shekara ta 2008, <ref name="Who's Who2">{{Cite web |last=A & C Black |year=2012 |title=BANERJEE, Urmila, (Millie) |url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U2000169 |access-date=2012-04-25 |website=Who's Who 2012, online edition |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> a matsayin memba na Newham Primary Care Trust (yanzu NHS East London da City) tun daga shekara de 2009, <ref name="Nominet Trust bio2">{{Cite web |last=Nominet Trust |year=2011 |title=Millie Banerjee CBE |url=http://www.nominettrust.org.uk/node/402/lightbox2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105104602/http://www.nominettrust.org.uk/node/402/lightbox2 |archive-date=5 November 2013 |access-date=2012-04-25 |website=Nominet Trust website}}</ref> a matsayin Shugaban Ayyuka tun daga shekara ya 2010 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Working Links |year=2010 |title=New chair appointed at Working Links |url=http://www.workinglinks.co.uk/media_centre/latest_news/mille_banerjee.aspx |access-date=2012-04-25 |website=Press release |archive-date=2012-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120116115619/http://www.workinglinks.co.uk/media_centre/latest_news/mille_banerjee.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuma a matsayin Shugaban Nominet Trust tun daga 2012.<ref name="Nominet Trust bio2" /> Banerjee ta kasance shugabar NHS Blood and Transplant tsakanin 2017 da 2021. Ta yi murabus a watan Agustan 2021 tana mai cewa za ta mayar da hankali kan sauran rawar da ta taka a matsayin shugabar Kudancin Yammacin London Health and Care Partnership . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Working Links |year=2010 |title=New chair appointed at Working Links |url=http://www.workinglinks.co.uk/media_centre/latest_news/mille_banerjee.aspx |access-date=2012-04-25 |website=Press release |archive-date=2012-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120116115619/http://www.workinglinks.co.uk/media_centre/latest_news/mille_banerjee.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta yi murabus daga mukamin na ƙarshe a watan Agustan 2022 biyo bayan fitowar rikodin da aka ɓoye game da ita da ake zargin ta yi "magana da yawa masu banƙyama" game da ma'aikata a NHS Blood and Transplant a watan Yunin 2020. An nada Banerjee a matsayin [[Order of the British Empire|Kwamandan Order of the British Empire]] (CBE) a cikin jerin sunayen girmamawa na ranar haihuwar Sarauniya a shekara ta 2002 don aikinta na tallafawa sake fasalin ma'aikatan gwamnati, kuma a matsayin Babban Sheriff na Greater London na 2012/13. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1946]] cviy3p0m8kx1gx0rtgo8els1udv098k 0 127569 842670 816353 2026-05-29T18:09:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842670 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Sir Michael Aron Heller''' (15 ga Yulin 1936 - 30 ga Janairu 2023) ya kasance babban jami'in kasuwanci na Burtaniya kuma mai ba da agaji. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Michael Aron Heller a [[Landan]] a ranar 15 ga Yulin 1936, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sir Michael Aron Heller |url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/display/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-257665 |access-date=1 February 2023 |website=WHO'S WHO 2023 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> kuma ya yi karatu a [[Harrogate]]_Grammar_School" id="mwFg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Harrogate Grammar School">Makarantar Harrogate Grammar School a Harrogate, North Yorkshire, Ingila. <ref name="CompaniesHouse">{{Cite web |title=Bisichi Mining plc |url=https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/00112155/officers |access-date=15 October 2015 |website=Companies House}}</ref><ref name="debretts">{{Cite web |title=Michael Aron HELLER |url=http://www.debretts.com/people-of-today/profile/81982/Michael-Aron-HELLER |access-date=October 15, 2015 |website=[[Debrett's]]}}{{Dead link|date=January 2018}}</ref> Ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin St Catharine, Cambridge, inda ya sami digiri na Master of Arts a shekarar 1955.<ref name="debretts" /><ref name="camb">{{Cite web |title=Sir Michael Heller |url=http://www.caths.cam.ac.uk/directory/sir-michael-heller |access-date=October 15, 2015 |website=St Catharine's College, Cambridge |archive-date=October 4, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004200131/http://www.caths.cam.ac.uk/directory/sir-michael-heller |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyukan kasuwanci == Heller ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Bisichi Mining . <ref name="debretts"/> Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban London &amp;amp; Associated Properties . <ref name="debretts" /><ref name="lap">{{Cite web |title=DIRECTORS & ADVISORS |url=http://www.lap.co.uk/Investors/DirectorsAdvisers.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151020145227/http://www.lap.co.uk/Investors/DirectorsAdvisers.aspx |archive-date=2015-10-20 |access-date=October 15, 2015 |website=London & Associated Properties}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban [[Electronic Data Processing (company)|Gudanar da Bayanai na lantarki]].<ref name="debretts" /> == Taimako == Heller ya kafa Gidauniyar Michael & Morven Heller Charitable a shekarar 1988. Godiya ga kyautar sadaka da suka yi wa Magen David Adom UK Friend Society a cikin shekara ta 2006, an sanya wa Sashin Kulawa mai zurfi na Mobile wanda ke fitar da mata masu juna biyu a Isra'ila zuwa asibiti mafi kusa suna don girmama su.<ref name="magenamb">{{Cite web |title=Ambulance Dedication Ceremony – Sir Michael & Lady Morven Heller |url=http://mdauk.org/news/ambulance-dedication-ceremony-sir-michael-lady-morven-heller/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304082128/http://mdauk.org/news/ambulance-dedication-ceremony-sir-michael-lady-morven-heller/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=October 15, 2015 |website=Magen David Adom}}</ref> Shekaru takwas bayan haka, a cikin 2008, sakamakon wani gudummawa, an kuma sanya sunan motar asibiti don girmama su.<ref name="magenamb" /> A shekara ta 2010, sun halarci abincin dare na tara kuɗi ga ORT na Burtaniya, ƙungiyar agaji ta Yahudawa. Sun kuma ba da gudummawa ga Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Hampstead da Cibiyar Al'adu ta Yahudawa ta London . <ref name="hamptheatre">{{Cite web |title=Current Patrons |url=http://www.hampsteadtheatre.com/support-us-/our-supporters/current-patrons/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929054750/http://www.hampsteadtheatre.com/support-us-/our-supporters/current-patrons/ |archive-date=29 September 2015 |access-date=October 15, 2015 |website=Hampstead Theatre}}</ref><ref name="jewishcultural">{{Cite web |title=Patrons |url=http://www.ljcc.org.uk/about/patrons |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905222103/http://www.ljcc.org.uk/about/patrons |archive-date=5 September 2015 |access-date=15 October 2015 |website=London Jewish Cultural Centre}}</ref> Sun ba da gudummawa ga Save Van Dyck don National Portrait Gallery don samun hotunan kansa na Anthony van Dyck.<ref name="vandyck">{{Cite web |title=Van Dyck: A Master of Everyone: Supporters |url=http://www.npg.org.uk/whatson/van-dyck/supporters.php |access-date=15 October 2015 |website=National Portrait Gallery}}</ref> Heller ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Abokan Conservative na Isra'ila . A shekara ta 2012, ya ba da gudummawa sama da GBP£ 100,000 ga Jam'iyyar Conservative.<ref name="receivespeerage" /> A shekara ta 2014, ya halarci abincin dare na GBP£50,000 tare da Firayim Minista [[David Cameron]]. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Cibiyar Nazarin Manufofin, wani tanki na tsakiya na dama da ke zaune a London.<ref name="debretts"/> Daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin.<ref name="cps">{{Cite web |title=Sir Michael Heller |url=http://www.cps.org.uk/about/board/michael-heller/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151108130858/http://www.cps.org.uk/about/board/michael-heller/ |archive-date=8 November 2015 |access-date=15 October 2015 |website=Centre for Policy Studies}}</ref> == Rayuwa da mutuwarsa == Heller ta auri Morven Livingstone, Lady Heller (an haife ta a shekara ta 1940), 'yar Dokta Julius Livingstone, likitan iyali, da Pearl (née Levy). Morven ta girma tare da ƙanwarta, lauyan kare hakkin dan adam Frances Raday, a Manchester . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sir Michael Aron Heller |url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/display/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-257665 |access-date=1 February 2023 |website=WHO'S WHO 2023 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tare suka zauna a [[Hampstead]], arewacin London. Heller ya kasance memba na Royal Automobile Club, kulob din mambobi masu zaman kansu.<ref name="debretts"/> Ya kuma tattara fasahar zamani.<ref name="debretts" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2023]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1936]] 44rmoiobkwbxq3t32nnxr4dhp5b9i9s 0 127745 842907 760770 2026-05-30T02:07:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842907 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Murali K. Thalluri''' (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1984) shi ne darektan fina-finai na Australiya, marubuci, kuma furodusa. Kamfanin samar da shi da kuma samar da kudade ana kiransa M2 Entertainment ('''M2E'''). == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Murali K. Thalluri a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta 1984 <ref name="maddox2006" /> a [[Kanberra|Canberra]] ga iyayen Indiyawan (Telugu), da ake kira Rajkiran da Jyoti.<ref name="pais2006">{{Cite web |last=Pais |first=Arthur J. |date=15 September 2006 |title='I call it the film that saved my life' |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2006/sep/15murali.htm |access-date=3 November 2025 |website=Rediff}}</ref> Sun koma [[Adelaide]], Kudancin Australia, inda Thalluri ya halarci [[Kwalejin Rostrevor]] sannan ya kammala makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Jami'ar.<ref name="maddox2006">{{Cite web |last=Maddox |first=Garry |date=20 May 2006 |title=Cannes-do Man In A Hurry |url=http://www.cannes.com.au/cannes-news/2006/5/20/cannesdo-man-in-a-hurry/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505215001/http://www.cannes.com.au/cannes-news/2006/5/20/cannesdo-man-in-a-hurry/ |archive-date=5 May 2015 |access-date=3 November 2025 |website=The Age |via=cannes.com.au}}</ref> Yayinda yake yaro, an kwantar da Thalluri a asibiti na dogon lokaci tare da matsalolin koda da bututu, kuma yana da shekaru 15 kusan "yara" 15 suka yi masa fashi kuma suka yi masa wuka yayin da yake cikin ɗakin tarho, wanda ya haifar da asarar ido ɗaya.<ref name="maddox2006"/> Iyayensa sun so ya zama likita, amma ya fara karatun digiri na kasuwanci a [[Jami'ar Kudancin Australia]] yayin da yake aiki a Ofishin Haraji na Australiya, kafin ya yanke shawarar cewa yana so ya yi fina-finai.<ref name="maddox2006"/> == Ayyuka == A shekara ta 2006 Thalluri, tare da mai daukar hoto Nick Matthews, sun kafa kamfanin M2 Entertainment (M2E) a matsayin kamfanin samar da fina-finai da kuma samar da kudi don yin fim dinsa na farko.<ref name="cooper2010">{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=Sarah |date=20 August 2010 |title=Murali Thalluri relaunches Australia's M2 Entertainment |url=https://www.screendaily.com/production/murali-thalluri-relaunches-australias-m2-entertainment/5017234.article |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251103074955/https://www.screendaily.com/production/murali-thalluri-relaunches-australias-m2-entertainment/5017234.article |archive-date=3 November 2025 |access-date=3 November 2025 |website=[[Screen Daily]]}}</ref> ''2:37'', tare da Teresa Palmer, fim game da kashe kansa na matasa, an kammala shi lokacin da yake da shekaru 22 kuma ya sami kuɗi a kan karamin kasafin kuɗi ta hanyar kudade masu zaman kansu.<ref name="AFC">{{Cite web |title=2:37 |url=https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/the-screen-guide/t/t/22263 |access-date=3 November 2025 |website=The Screen Guide |publisher=[[Screen Australia]] |archive-date=3 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251103081040/https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/the-screen-guide/t/t/22263 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="pais2006" /> Wasan kwaikwayo na tunanin mutum ya yi nasara sosai, yana mai da Thalluri "labari mai nasara na dare".<ref name="kornits2019">{{Cite web |last=Kornits |first=Dov |date=18 February 2019 |title=Murali Thalluri to finally follow up 2:37 |url=https://www.filmink.com.au/murali-thalluri-finally-follow-237/ |access-date=3 November 2025 |website=FilmInk}}</ref> Har ila yau, fim ne na farko da kamfanin samar da fina-finai na Adelaide Kojo, wanda kamfanin Kent Smith ya samar. Ya kasance Zaɓin hukuma a bikin fina-finai na Cannes na shekara ta 2006.<ref name="george2009">{{Cite web |last=George |first=Sandy |date=20 March 2009 |title=Kent Smith: Australia's newest mini-mogul |url=http://www.screendaily.com/kent-smith-australias-newest-mini-mogul/4043704.article |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090827055940/http://www.screendaily.com/kent-smith-australias-newest-mini-mogul/4043704.article |archive-date=27 August 2009 |website=[[Screen Daily]]}}</ref><ref name="festival-cannes.com">{{Cite web |title=Festival de Cannes: 2:37 |url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/4362614/year/2006.html |access-date=24 June 2015 |website=festival-cannes.com}}</ref> kuma an nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Melbourne da Toronto . Thalluri ya ce ya yi amfani da abubuwa na kashe kansa na abokinsa da kuma yunkurin kashe kansa, wanda ya haifar da gardama bayan wasu sun zarge shi da yin ƙarya game da wannan.<ref name="pais2006"/> A watan Agustan shekara ta 2010, Thalluri ya sake kaddamar da M2E, tare da manufar tallafawa ko hada-hadar fina-finai guda biyu da gajerun fina-fukkuna biyu a kowace shekara har zuwa shekara ta 2014. Kwamitin ya hada da Nick Matthews, furodusa Nick Selth, Ian Gibbins na Arclight Films, furodura Scott Mosier, masu hada sauti Leslie Shatz da Chris David, da Michelle Krumm, wadanda a baya suka yi aiki ga Miramax da Weinstein.[1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] j54cshfas60y3z8p0n61y9wwn1ks3ee 0 127793 842860 760983 2026-05-29T22:48:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 5 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842860 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mohsin Issa''' [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] da '''Zuber Issa''' [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] 'yan'uwa ne kuma 'yan kasuwa ' yan Birtaniya waɗanda suka kafa Euro Garages (wanda daga baya aka sake masa suna EG Group) a shekara ta 2001, wani kamfani da ke Blackburn wanda ke kula da tashoshin mai, shagunan sayar da kayayyaki da kuma masu samar da abinci a faɗin Turai, Amurka da Ostiraliya. A watan Oktoban 2020, a matsayin wani ɓangare na haɗin gwiwa da TDR Capital, 'yan'uwan sun zama masu ruwa da tsaki mafi rinjaye a cikin sarkar manyan kantunan Burtaniya ta Asda . Daga Agusta 2021 zuwa Satumba 2024, Mohsin ya yi aiki a matsayin babban jami'in gudanarwa na Asda. <ref>{{Cite news |date=22 August 2017 |title=About Us |url=http://www.eurogarages.com/about-us/ |access-date=2 March 2018 |work=EG Group |archive-date=3 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303105716/http://www.eurogarages.com/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tun daga watan Afrilun 2025, Mohsin ɗan tsiraru ne mai mallakar Asda, yayin da Zuber ya sayar da hannun jarinsa tun daga lokacin. <ref>{{Cite news |date=22 August 2017 |title=About Us |url=http://www.eurogarages.com/about-us/ |access-date=2 March 2018 |work=EG Group |archive-date=3 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303105716/http://www.eurogarages.com/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Zuber shine mamallakin kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na kasuwancinsa daban, EG On the Move . <ref>{{Cite news |date=22 August 2017 |title=About Us |url=http://www.eurogarages.com/about-us/ |access-date=2 March 2018 |work=EG Group |archive-date=3 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303105716/http://www.eurogarages.com/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> 'Yan'uwan sun mallaki rabin kasuwancin EG Group gaba ɗaya, kuma duka biyun suna ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin kwamitin gudanarwa a matsayin daraktocin da ba na zartarwa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Board and Group Executive |url=https://www.eg.group/the-board-and-group-executive/ |access-date=2025-05-18 |website=www.eg.group}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Mohsin Issa a watan Yulin 1971, Zuber Issa kuma a watan Yunin 1972 a Blackburn, Lancashire a Arewa maso Yammacin Ingila cikin dangin Musulmi 'yan Gujarati na Indiya <ref>{{Cite news |date=22 August 2017 |title=About Us |url=http://www.eurogarages.com/about-us/ |access-date=2 March 2018 |work=EG Group |archive-date=3 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303105716/http://www.eurogarages.com/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ga iyayensu Vali da Zubeda waɗanda suka zo Burtaniya daga Bharuch, [[Gujarat]], Indiya a shekarun 1960 don yin aiki a masana'antar yadi, sannan suka gudanar da gidan mai. An yi musu karatu a Witton Park Academy . Yarintarsu ta kasance mai tawali'u, suna girma a cikin wani gida mai baranda a Blackburn. == Ayyuka == Bayan sun bar makaranta, 'yan'uwan sun yi aiki a [[Clothing industry|masana'antar tufafi]] na ɗan lokaci. A shekarar 1988/90, Zuber, yana da shekaru kusan 17 ko 18, ya sayi wani gidan labarai a [[Preston, Lancashire|Preston]] mai suna Euro News, wanda daga baya ya faɗaɗa zuwa sarkar dillalan jaridu a wurare masu cike da jama'a a Arewa maso Yammacin Ingila. <ref>{{Cite news |date=22 August 2017 |title=About Us |url=http://www.eurogarages.com/about-us/ |access-date=2 March 2018 |work=EG Group |archive-date=3 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303105716/http://www.eurogarages.com/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekarar 1993, Mohsin ya kafa kamfanin Europlast tare da babban ɗan'uwansa Zakir, wanda Zuber ya zama mai hannun jari a cikinsa a shekarar 1998. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1971]] ==manazarta == tivqi2zj152mr0lvebjnzlewu178jcb 0 130286 842685 816376 2026-05-29T18:53:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842685 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Michael Desmond Veivers''' AM (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Agusta 1939) ya kasance memba na Southport daga 1987 zuwa 2001 kuma ya kasance Ministan Ayyukan Gaggawa da Wasanni a Gwamnatin Borbidge.<ref name="qp">{{Cite web |year=2015 |title=Former Members |url=http://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/members/former/bio?id=1768876707 |access-date=14 February 2015 |publisher=[[Parliament of Queensland]] |archive-date=14 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214014824/http://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/members/former/bio?id=1768876707 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya taɓa zama ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Rugby League a baya.<ref name="ABC2004">{{Cite web |title=2004 Queensland Election - Details for Southport |url=http://www.abc.net.au/elections/qld/2004/background/spor.htm |access-date=8 May 2010 |publisher=[[ABC Online]]}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Veivers a Southport da ke Queensland, Ostiraliya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile - Mick Veivers |url=http://www.goldcoastsport.com.au/Hall-Of-Fame/inductees/Mick-Veivers.html |access-date=5 May 2023 |website=Gold Coast Sporting Hall of Fame |archive-date=24 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324164153/http://www.goldcoastsport.com.au/Hall-Of-Fame/inductees/Mick-Veivers.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya halarci [[Kwalejin St Joseph, Nudgee|Kwalejin St. Joseph's Nudgee]]. == Sana'a == Veivers ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa a gasar Premier ta Brisbane Rugby League ga Souths Magpies kuma ya wakilci Queensland da Ostiraliya. Ya kuma buga wa Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles wasa a Sydney. [1] Ɗan uwansa, Greg Veivers, shi ma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar rugby. Wani ɗan uwansa, Tom Veivers, ya wakilci Ostiraliya a wasan kurket kuma ya zama ɗan siyasa na Queensland. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1939]] 75yg2486ebq66mh1yrqrfrze4yebwe4 0 133749 843187 774786 2026-05-30T07:02:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843187 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nasiru Shehu Bodinga''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Nasiru Bobo''' (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga watan Maris 1988) [[ɗan siyasa]] ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|a Najeriya]] kuma memba ne na [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar Wakilai]] ta 10 a [[Majalisar Dokokin Najeriya ta 10|Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa]], inda yake wakiltar ƙaramar Hukumar tarayya ta [[Dange Shuni]], [[Bodinga]], da [[Tureta]] tun daga watan Yunin 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mani |first=Bashir Rabe |date=2023-07-12 |title=As Nasiru Bodinga empowers constituents in Sokoto… |url=https://blueprint.ng/as-nasiru-bodinga-empowers-constituents-in-sokoto/ |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-28 |title=Lawmaker donates vehicles, cash to constituents in Sokoto {{!}} Daily Review Newspaper |url=https://dailyreviewnewspaper.com/news/lawmaker-donates-vehicles-cash-to-constituents-in-sokoto/ |access-date=2025-01-28 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sani |first=Salisu |date=2022-06-06 |title=As Nasiru Bodinga unveils five-point agenda for constituency |url=https://blueprint.ng/as-nasiru-bodinga-unveils-five-point-agenda-for-constituency/ |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Nasiru a ranar 11 ga watan Maris, 1988 a garin Bodinga. Ya yi karatunsa a [[Jami'ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo|Jami'ar Usmanu Danfodiyo]], inda ya sami digiri a fannin Kimiyyar Siyasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mani |first=Bashir Rabe |date=2023-07-12 |title=As Nasiru Bodinga empowers constituents in Sokoto… |url=https://blueprint.ng/as-nasiru-bodinga-empowers-constituents-in-sokoto/ |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-28 |title=Lawmaker donates vehicles, cash to constituents in Sokoto {{!}} Daily Review Newspaper |url=https://dailyreviewnewspaper.com/news/lawmaker-donates-vehicles-cash-to-constituents-in-sokoto/ |access-date=2025-01-28 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A lokacin [[Zaben Najeriya na 2023|babban zaɓen Najeriya na 2023]], Nasir ya tsaya takarar kujerar [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar Wakilai]] mai wakiltar mazabar [[Dange Shuni]], [[Bodinga]], da [[Tureta]] a matsayin ɗan takarar [[All Progressives Congress|jam'iyyar All Progressives Congress]] (APC). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sani |first=Salisu |date=2022-06-06 |title=As Nasiru Bodinga unveils five-point agenda for constituency |url=https://blueprint.ng/as-nasiru-bodinga-unveils-five-point-agenda-for-constituency/ |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nation |first=The |date=2022-06-08 |title='APC Sokoto House of Reps candidate will deliver' |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/apc-sokoto-house-of-reps-candidate-will-deliver/ |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=The Nation Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya lashe zaben da kuri'u 40,994 inda ya kayar da abokin hamayyarsa mafi kusa, [[Balarabe Shehu Kakale]] wanda ya samu jimillar kuri'u 35,687 bayan kammala zaben. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mani |first=Bashir Rabe |date=2023-07-12 |title=As Nasiru Bodinga empowers constituents in Sokoto… |url=https://blueprint.ng/as-nasiru-bodinga-empowers-constituents-in-sokoto/ |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] qbqkh5v55b6frmlxp50qpsqg5g8opoe 0 134010 842596 775253 2026-05-29T16:28:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842596 wikitext text/x-wiki Pale Male (1990 - 16 ga Mayu, 2023), ko Palemale, wani jan wutsiyar hawk ne wanda ke zaune a ciki da kusa da Babban Gidan shakatawa na Birnin New York daga shekarun 1990 har zuwa 2023. Birdwatcher da marubuciya Marie Winn sun ba shi sunansa saboda launi mai haske na kansa. Ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan hawk na farko da aka sani sun kasance a kan gini maimakon a cikin itace kuma an san shi da kafa daular hawk masu ja-tailed da ke zaune a birane. Kowace bazara, Masu sa ido kan tsuntsaye za su kafa telescopes tare da Central Park's Model Boat Pond don lura da gida da kaji a 927 Fifth Avenue. Kodayake an ba da shawarar a tsawon shekaru cewa Pale Male na iya mutuwa kuma an maye gurbinsa da irin wannan tsuntsu mai launi ba tare da an lura da canjin ba, babu wata shaida mai ƙarfi don tabbatarwa ko musanta wannan yiwuwar.<ref name="10000birds">{{Cite web |last=Finger |first=Corey |date=February 9, 2015 |title=Pale Male is Dead: Long Live Pale Male! |url=https://www.10000birds.com/pale-male-is-dead-long-live-pale-male.htm |access-date=February 26, 2020 |website=10,000 Birds |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa == Lokacin da ya isa Central Park a shekarar 1991, a matsayin hawk na shekara ta farko, Pale Male ya yi ƙoƙari ya yi gida a cikin itace, amma hankaki sun kore shi. Daga baya ya zauna a kan wani gini a Fifth Avenue a fadin titin daga wurin shakatawa. A farkon shekara ta 1992, ya sami aboki, wanda ake kira "Ƙaunar Farko".[1] First Love ya ji rauni daga baya a wannan shekarar kuma an cire shi zuwa Raptor Trust a Morris County, New Jersey. A lokacin da ba ta nan, Pale Male ta dauki wani aboki. Bayan da aka yi ƙoƙari da yawa na yin gida a cikin bazara, Pale Male da abokin tarayya sun haifi idanu uku a cikin 1995. Idanun sun tsira har zuwa ƙuruciya kuma sun zauna a Central Park. Ƙaunar Farko ta koma Central Park bayan an ɗaure ta kuma an sake ta daga Raptor Trust. Ita da Pale Male sun sake haɗuwa kuma sun tayar da idanu da yawa.<ref name="dynasty">{{Cite web |last=Karim |first=Lincoln |date=April 7, 2006 |title=Pale Male's Dynasty |url=http://www.palemale.com/feb2305.html |access-date=August 24, 2022 |website=Palemale.com |language=en-US |archive-date=May 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526024723/http://palemale.com/feb2305.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wasu masu kallon tsuntsaye sun jira watanni da yawa don ganin idanu suna girma sannan su tashi na farko. Pale Male ya kawo abinci ga 'ya'yansa kusan sau biyar a kowace rana. A shekara ta 1997, First Love ya mutu bayan ya ci kurciya mai guba a Central Park.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jordan |first1=Larry |date=October 10, 2008 |title=Red-tailed Hawk Love In The Afternoon – Pale Male |url=https://thebirdersreport.com/wild-birds/birds-of-prey/red-tailed-hawk-love-in-the-afternoon-pale-male |work=The Birders Report}}</ref> Matar Pale Male daga 1998 zuwa 2001 wani hawk ne da aka sani da Blue . <ref name="dynasty"/> An lura da ma'aurata suna fitowa game da idanu 11 a wannan lokacin. Blue ya ɓace game da lokacin [[September 11 attacks|Hare-haren Satumba 11]] a shekara ta 2001. A farkon shekara ta 2002, an fara lura da Pale Male tare da sabon aboki, Lola . Sun ɗaga idanu bakwai tsakanin 2002 da 2004, suna gina gida a kan kayan ado na dutse sama da taga mai hawa a kan hadin gwiwar gidaje a 927 Fifth Avenue, kusa da 74th Street a kan Upper East Side na Manhattan.<ref name="lolaobit2" /> Kodayake Pale Male da Lola sun tattara sanduna don yiwuwar gida a wani hadin gwiwa a kan Upper West Side, Beresford a 81st Street da Central Park West, a cikin 2006, ba su taɓa zama a can ba. Lola ta ɓace a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2010 kuma an ɗauka ta mutu.<ref name="lolaobit2">{{Cite web |last=Yolton |first=D. Bruce |date=January 14, 2011 |title=Red-Tailed Hawks in Pale Male's Territory |url=http://urbanhawks.blogs.com/urban_hawks/2011/01/red-tailed-hawks-in-pale-males-territory.html |access-date=January 16, 2011 |website=Urban Hawks}}</ref> Bayan mutuwar Lima, Pale Male ya ɗauki sabon aboki, wanda ake kira Zena . <ref>{{cite news |last1=Jordan |first1=Larry |date=October 10, 2008 |title=Red-tailed Hawk Love In The Afternoon – Pale Male |url=https://thebirdersreport.com/wild-birds/birds-of-prey/red-tailed-hawk-love-in-the-afternoon-pale-male |work=The Birders Report}}</ref> Su biyu sun haifi 'ya'ya uku, biyu daga cikinsu sun kasance masu guba, an ceto su, an sake su, sannan aka sake su cikin Central Park. A watan Satumbar 2012, Zena ta ɓace kuma an ɗauka ta mutu, kuma Pale Male ya ɗauki sabon aboki, wanda ake kira "Octavia" saboda matsayinta na aboki na takwas na Pale Male.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jordan |first1=Larry |date=October 10, 2008 |title=Red-tailed Hawk Love In The Afternoon – Pale Male |url=https://thebirdersreport.com/wild-birds/birds-of-prey/red-tailed-hawk-love-in-the-afternoon-pale-male |work=The Birders Report}}</ref><ref name="pm20120902">{{Cite web |last=Karim |first=Lincoln |date=September 2, 2012 |title=September 2, 2012 |url=http://www.palemale.com/september22012.html |access-date=December 21, 2012 |website=Palemale.com |language=en-US |archive-date=October 14, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014225438/http://www.palemale.com/september22012.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Jordan |first1=Larry |date=October 10, 2008 |title=Red-tailed Hawk Love In The Afternoon – Pale Male |url=https://thebirdersreport.com/wild-birds/birds-of-prey/red-tailed-hawk-love-in-the-afternoon-pale-male |work=The Birders Report}}</ref> An ba da shawarar a cikin 2015 cewa Pale Male na iya mutuwa a wasu lokuta a cikin shekaru kuma an maye gurbinsa ba tare da sanarwa ga masu kallon tsuntsaye ba ta wani namiji mai irin wannan launi, amma ba a ba da wata hujja mai mahimmanci ga kowanne ƙaddara.<ref name="10000birds"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Jordan |first1=Larry |date=October 10, 2008 |title=Red-tailed Hawk Love In The Afternoon – Pale Male |url=https://thebirdersreport.com/wild-birds/birds-of-prey/red-tailed-hawk-love-in-the-afternoon-pale-male |work=The Birders Report}}</ref> == Mutuwa == [[Fayil:Pale_Male_Memorial.jpg|thumb|Abin tunawa na ɗan lokaci don Pale Male kusa da Conservatory Water a Central Park a watan Yunin 2023]] A ranar 16 ga Mayu, 2023, mai gyara namun daji Bob Horvath ya ba da rahoton cewa an sami Pale Male "yana rashin lafiya kuma ya rushe a Central Park" ta hanyar New York City Urban Park Ranger Nick Baisley a ranar da ta gabata, a ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2023 . <ref name="Hell Gate 2023">{{Cite web |date=May 17, 2023 |title=RIP (Maybe Again?) to Pale Male, the NYC Hawk Who Lived a Life of Fame and Tragedy |url=https://hellgatenyc.com/rip-pale-male-nyc-red-tailed-hawk |access-date=May 17, 2023 |website=Hell Gate}}</ref> An tura Pale Male cikin kulawar Horvath kuma nan da nan ya kai hawk zuwa likitan dabbobi. An yi aikin jini da X-ray scans sannan Horvath ya kai shi WINORR don samar da kulawa yayin da suke jiran sakamakon gwajin. Pale Male ya mutu a yammacin Mayu 16, 2023, yana da shekaru 33.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jordan |first1=Larry |date=October 10, 2008 |title=Red-tailed Hawk Love In The Afternoon – Pale Male |url=https://thebirdersreport.com/wild-birds/birds-of-prey/red-tailed-hawk-love-in-the-afternoon-pale-male |work=The Birders Report}}</ref> == Rikici na gida == A farkon watan Disamba na shekara ta 2004, kwamitin hadin gwiwar ya cire gidajen hawks da spikes na rigakafin kurciya da suka daɗe suna rataye shi saboda damuwa game da tarkace daga gida da ke faɗuwa zuwa titin da ke ƙasa.<ref name="evicted">{{Cite web |last=Lueck |first=Thomas J. |date=December 8, 2004 |title=New York Celebrities Evicted on Fifth Ave., Feathers and All |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/08/nyregion/new-york-celebrities-evicted-on-fifth-ave-feathers-and-all.html |access-date=August 25, 2022 |website=The New York Times}}</ref><ref name="noFighting">{{Cite web |last=Lueck |first=Thomas J. |last2=Lee |first2=Jennifer 8. |date=December 11, 2004 |title=No Fighting the Co-op Board, Even With Talons |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/11/nyregion/no-fighting-the-coop-board-even-with-talons.html |access-date=August 25, 2022 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> Cirewar ta haifar da kukan kasa da kasa da kuma jerin zanga-zangar da New York City Audubon Society da Central Park birding al'umma suka shirya. Mary Tyler Moore, mazaunin ginin kuma mai ba da shawara kan haƙƙin dabbobi, ita ma ta shiga cikin zanga-zangar. A ranar 12 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 2004, ginin, hukumomin birni daban-daban, da Audubon Society sun amince da neman mafita, kuma da sauri suka zo ga yarjejeniya don maye gurbin spikes da shigar da sabon "rashin" don gida.<ref name="solveControversy">{{Cite web |last=Lee |first=Jennifer 8. |date=December 14, 2004 |title=As Hawks Circle, All Sides Seek Compromise |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/12/nyregion/as-hawks-circle-all-sides-seek-compromise.html |access-date=August 25, 2022 |website=The New York Times}}</ref><ref name="willCoopAgree">{{Cite web |last=Lueck |first=Thomas J. |date=December 14, 2004 |title=Birds' Nest Will Be Saved, if Co-op Architect Says Yes |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/14/nyregion/birds-nest-will-be-saved-if-coop-architect-says-yes.html |access-date=August 25, 2022 |website=The New York Times}}</ref><ref name="coopAgrees">{{Cite web |last=Lueck |first=Thomas J. |date=December 15, 2004 |title=Co-op to Help Hawks Rebuild, but the Street Is Still Restless |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/15/nyregion/coop-to-help-hawks-rebuild-but-the-street-is-still-restless.html |access-date=August 25, 2022 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 2004, an cire ma'auni kuma hawks sun fara kawo rassan zuwa shafin nest.<ref name="renovation">{{Cite web |last=Lee |first=Jennifer 8. |date=December 29, 2004 |title=Hawks Inspect Renovation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/29/nyregion/hawks-inspect-renovation.html |access-date=August 25, 2022 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> mt8dj5spn5sc1smniozydbnr4nvfejr 0 139852 842439 791715 2026-05-29T12:57:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mary Travis Bassett''' likita ce 'yar Amurka kuma mai bincike kan lafiyar jama'a. Bassett ita ce Kwamishinar Lafiya ta 17 a Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Jihar New York, ta yi aiki daga Satumba 2021 zuwa Disamba 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Governor Hochul Appoints Dr. Mary T. Bassett as Commissioner of the Department of Health |url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-appoints-dr-mary-t-bassett-commissioner-department-health |access-date=30 September 2021 |website=Governor Kathy Hochul |publisher=29 September 2021}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=New York Health Commissioner Mary Bassett to resign |url=https://spectrumlocalnews.com/nys/central-ny/ny-state-of-politics/2022/12/02/new-york-health-commissioner-mary-bassett-to-resign |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=spectrumlocalnews.com |language=en}}</ref> Daga 2014 zuwa 2018, ta kasance kwamishinar Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Tsabtace Hankali ta Birnin New York . Bassett ita ce tsohuwar Daraktar Cibiyar Lafiya da Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta FXB a [[Jami'ar Harvard]] kuma Farfesar FXB ce a fannin Lafiya da Haƙƙin Dan Adam a Makarantar Lafiyar Jama'a ta Harvard . Ita kuma farfesa ce a fannin cututtukan da suka shafi asibiti a Makarantar Lafiyar Jama'a ta Jami'ar Columbia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2014 |title=Mailman's Dr. Mary Bassett Named NYC Health Commissioner |url=https://www.mailman.columbia.edu/public-health-now/news/mailmans-dr-mary-bassett-named-nyc-health-commissioner |access-date=24 February 2016 |website=Mailman School of Public Health}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Bassett ta girma a [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]] kuma ta halarci Makarantar Al'adu ta Fieldston . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Governor Hochul Appoints Dr. Mary T. Bassett as Commissioner of the Department of Health |url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-appoints-dr-mary-t-bassett-commissioner-department-health |access-date=30 September 2021 |website=Governor Kathy Hochul |publisher=29 September 2021}}</ref> Iyayenta su ne Dr. Emmett W. Bassett, ƙwararriyar masaniyar sinadarai mai digirin digirgir a fannin kiwo daga Cibiyar Tuskegee kuma ƙwararriyar mai bincike ta farko a fannin, da kuma Priscilla Bassett, ƙwararriyar mai kula da laburare kuma mai fafutuka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Governor Hochul Appoints Dr. Mary T. Bassett as Commissioner of the Department of Health |url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-appoints-dr-mary-t-bassett-commissioner-department-health |access-date=30 September 2021 |website=Governor Kathy Hochul |publisher=29 September 2021}}</ref> Bassett ta bayyana a matsayin Baƙar fata 'yar Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2014 |title=Mailman's Dr. Mary Bassett Named NYC Health Commissioner |url=https://www.mailman.columbia.edu/public-health-now/news/mailmans-dr-mary-bassett-named-nyc-health-commissioner |access-date=24 February 2016 |website=Mailman School of Public Health}}</ref> Bassett ta sami digirin digirgir a tarihi da kimiyya daga [[Jami'ar Harvard]] a 1974, digirin digirgir a Kwalejin Likitoci da Likitocin Fida ta Jami'ar Columbia a 1979, da digirin digirgir a Ayyukan Lafiya (Binciken Manufofin Lafiya) daga Jami'ar Washington a 1985. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mary Bassett {{!}} Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health |url=https://www.mailman.columbia.edu/people/our-faculty/mtb22 |access-date=2018-03-12 |website=www.mailman.columbia.edu |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="nyc">{{Cite web |title=Mary Travis Bassett Biography |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/about/commish-bio.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160220093936/http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/about/commish-bio.shtml |archive-date=20 February 2016 |access-date=24 February 2016 |website=NYC.gov}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mary Bassett |url=https://www.mailman.columbia.edu/people/our-faculty/mtb22 |access-date=24 February 2016 |website=Columbia University}}</ref> Ta kammala karatunta na likitanci a Cibiyar Asibitin Harlem . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mary T. Bassett |url=https://www.nychealthandhospitals.org/leadership/mary-t-bassett/ |access-date=2017-11-17 |website=NYC Health + Hospitals |language=mt}}</ref> == Sana'a == Bassett ta zauna a [[Zimbabwe]] daga 1985 zuwa 2002, a lokacin ne ta yi aiki a sashen likitanci na Jami'ar Zimbabwe . An naɗa ta mataimakiyar kwamishinar inganta lafiya da rigakafin cututtuka a Sashen Lafiya da Tsabtace Hankali na Birnin New York a 2002. <ref name="nyc"/> Tun daga shekarar 2009, ta yi aiki a matsayin darektan shirye-shirye na Shirin Lafiyar Afirka na Gidauniyar Taimako ta Doris Duke . <ref name="nyc" /> A watan Janairun 2014, magajin garin birnin New York [[Bill de Blasio]] ya naɗa ta a matsayin Kwamishinan Lafiya na birnin New York. Tun lokacin da aka naɗa ta a wannan matsayi, wanda shi ne mafi girma da ta taɓa riƙewa, ta taimaka wajen jagorantar martanin birnin game da kamuwa da cutar Ebola a Amurka wanda aka fara bayar da rahotonsa a kaka ta 2014. <ref name="cbs">{{Cite web |last=Firger, Jessica |date=23 February 2015 |title=Dr. Mary Bassett: Why #BlackLivesMatter to public health |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/dr-mary-bassett-why-black-lives-matter-to-public-health/ |access-date=24 February 2016 |website=CBS News}}</ref> Ta kuma yi wa 'yan New York jawabi game da barkewar [[cutar Legionnaires]] a birninsu. A watan Fabrairun 2015, ta rubuta wani rubutu a cikin ''mujallar New England Journal of Medicine'' game da mummunan tasirin wariyar launin fata ga [[Afirkawan Amurka|'yan Afirka]] . <ref name="cbs" /> A watan Nuwamba na 2015, Bassett ta yi jawabi a TEDMED, "Me ya sa likitanka ya kamata ya kula da adalci a zamantakewa." A cikin wannan jawabin, Bassett ta yi magana game da ganin annobar cutar AIDS da kanta a Zimbabwe da kuma kafa asibiti don magancewa da ilmantar da mutane game da cutar. Duk da haka, Bassett ta ce ta yi nadamar rashin yin magana game da rashin daidaito a tsarin mulki a lokacin da take a Zimbabwe. Bassett ta ce irin waɗannan matsalolin tsarin mulki suna nan a Amurka a yau, kuma a matsayinta na Kwamishinan Lafiya na Birnin New York, za ta yi amfani da duk wata dama da ta samu don tattara goyon baya ga daidaito a fannin lafiya da kuma yin magana game da wariyar launin fata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Governor Hochul Appoints Dr. Mary T. Bassett as Commissioner of the Department of Health |url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-appoints-dr-mary-t-bassett-commissioner-department-health |access-date=30 September 2021 |website=Governor Kathy Hochul |publisher=29 September 2021}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, an ba Bassett kyautar Frank A. Calderone ta Makarantar Lafiyar Jama'a ta Mailman. An kafa wannan kyautar a shekarar 1986, kuma ita ce babbar kyauta mafi daraja a fannin lafiyar jama'a a Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Governor Hochul Appoints Dr. Mary T. Bassett as Commissioner of the Department of Health |url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-appoints-dr-mary-t-bassett-commissioner-department-health |access-date=30 September 2021 |website=Governor Kathy Hochul |publisher=29 September 2021}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, an zaɓe Bassett don zama memba na Kwalejin Magunguna ta Ƙasa . Oxiris Barbot ya gaje ta a matsayin Kwamishinan Lafiya na Birnin New York a shekarar 2018. A watan Satumba na 2018, Bassett ta zama darektan Cibiyar Lafiya da Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta François-Xavier Bagnoud (FXB Center) a Makarantar Lafiyar Jama'a ta Harvard TH Chan . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Governor Hochul Appoints Dr. Mary T. Bassett as Commissioner of the Department of Health |url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-appoints-dr-mary-t-bassett-commissioner-department-health |access-date=30 September 2021 |website=Governor Kathy Hochul |publisher=29 September 2021}}</ref> === Kwamishinan Lafiya na Jihar New York (2021–2023) === A watan Satumba na 2021, Gwamnan New York Kathy Hochul ta naɗa Bassett a matsayin Kwamishinan Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Jihar New York, inda ta maye gurbin Howard Zucker . Ta hau mulki a ranar 1 ga Disamba, 2021, inda ta ɗauki hutu daga Harvard. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Governor Hochul Appoints Dr. Mary T. Bassett as Commissioner of the Department of Health |url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-appoints-dr-mary-t-bassett-commissioner-department-health |access-date=30 September 2021 |website=Governor Kathy Hochul |publisher=29 September 2021}}</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya hau mulki, Bassett ya fitar da wata sanarwa game da rarraba magungunan COVID-19 marasa inganci. Jagorar ta lura cewa "ya kamata a ɗauki ƙabilar da ba farare ba ko ƙabilar Hispanic/Latino a matsayin abin da ke haifar da rashin lafiya mai tsanani." Wannan shigar ta haifar da ƙalubalen shari'a, ciki har da ƙarar da Farfesa William A. Jacobson na Cornell Law ya shigar yana mai cewa wannan umarni ya nuna wariya ga launin fata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Governor Hochul Appoints Dr. Mary T. Bassett as Commissioner of the Department of Health |url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-appoints-dr-mary-t-bassett-commissioner-department-health |access-date=30 September 2021 |website=Governor Kathy Hochul |publisher=29 September 2021}}</ref> A ƙarshe an yi watsi da shari'ar saboda rashin cancanta, kodayake kotun ta lura cewa majiyyacin da aka hana shi magani bisa ga wannan umarni zai iya samun nasarar da'awa. Bassett ta yi murabus daga mukamin tun daga ranar 1 ga Janairun 2023, inda ta bayyana sha'awarta ta komawa aikinta a Harvard. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=9 December 2025 |title=FXB Center update |url=https://hsph.harvard.edu/dean/news/fxb-center-update/ |access-date=14 December 2025 |publisher=Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health |archive-date=9 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260109001113/https://hsph.harvard.edu/dean/news/fxb-center-update/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Komawa zuwa Harvard (2023–2025) === Bassett ta koma matsayinta na Darakta a Cibiyar FXB da ke Harvard a watan Janairun 2023. A wannan lokacin, Cibiyar ta faɗaɗa "Shirin Falasɗinu don Lafiya da 'Yancin Dan Adam." A ƙarƙashin jagorancin Bassett, shirin ya mayar da hankali kan tasirin lafiya na halin da ake ciki a Falasɗinu, musamman yin aiki tare da Jami'ar Birzeit don nazarin tasirin mamayar Isra'ila kan lafiyar ƙananan yara a [[Gaɓar Yamma|Yammacin Kogin Jordan]] . Shirye-shiryen Cibiyar sun fuskanci bincike. A watan Afrilun 2025, wani rahoto da Kwamitin Shugaban Kasa na Harvard ya fitar kan kyamar Yahudawa da kuma nuna wariya ga Isra'ila ya soki Cibiyar FXB, yana zargin cewa wasu daga cikin shirye-shiryenta na ilimi sun gabatar da "ra'ayi mai ban tsoro" game da Isra'ila. Tsohon shugaban Harvard Larry Summers ya yi adawa da hadin gwiwar da ke tsakaninsa da Jami'ar Birzeit. === Cire daga Cibiyar FXB (2025) === A ranar 9 ga Disamba, 2025, an nemi Bassett ta yi murabus daga mukamin darakta na Cibiyar FXB kuma an gaya mata ta bar ofishinta kafin ƙarshen 2025, kuma ranar da za a dakatar da ita daga aiki za ta fara aiki a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 2026. <ref name=":0"/> Dean Andrea A. Baccarelli ne ya sanar da murabus ɗin da aka tilasta masa, wanda ya bayyana cewa cibiyar za ta fuskanci "tsarin dabarun" don mai da hankali kan lafiyar yara da ci gabanta na farko. <ref name=":1"/> Wannan shawara ta jawo hankali sosai. Sama da rassan jami'a 400 ne suka sanya hannu kan wata takarda da ke kira da a mayar da ita bakin aiki, inda suka bayyana cire ta a matsayin abin da ya shafi siyasa da kuma danganta ta da mayar da hankali kan cibiyar kan Falasdinu. <ref name=":1"/> Duk da cewa jami'an Harvard ba su bayyana koke-koken siyasa a bainar jama'a a matsayin dalilin sauyin ba, ''[[New York Times|jaridar New York Times]]'' ta lura cewa ficewar ta biyo bayan matsin lamba mai tsanani game da yadda jami'ar ke tafiyar da fafutukar jami'a da kuma sukar da Hukumar Aiki ta yi wa Shirin Falasdinu na cibiyar a baya. == Zaɓi wallafe-wallafe == * {{Cite journal |last=Zinzi D Bailey |last2=Nancy Krieger |author-link2=Nancy Krieger |last3=Madina Agénor |last4=Jasmine Graves |last5=Natalia Linos |last6=Mary T Bassett |author-link6=Mary T. Bassett |date=1 April 2017 |title=Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions |journal=[[The Lancet]] |language=en |volume=389 |issue=10077 |pages=1453–1463 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30569-X |issn=0140-6736 |pmid=28402827}} * {{Cite journal |last=Mary Travis Bassett |author-link=Mary T. Bassett |last2=Jarvis T Chen |last3=Nancy Krieger |author-link3=Nancy Krieger |date=20 October 2020 |title=Variation in racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 mortality by age in the United States: A cross-sectional study |journal=[[PLOS Medicine]] |language=en |volume=17 |issue=10 |doi=10.1371/JOURNAL.PMED.1003402 |issn=1549-1277 |pmc=7575091 |pmid=33079941 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite journal |last=Cowger |first=Tori L. |last2=Murray |first2=Eleanor J. |last3=Clarke |first3=Jaylen |last4=Bassett |first4=Mary T. |last5=Ojikutu |first5=Bisola O. |last6=Sánchez |first6=Sarimer M. |last7=Linos |first7=Natalia |last8=Hall |first8=Kathryn T. |date=2022-11-24 |title=Lifting Universal Masking in Schools — Covid-19 Incidence among Students and Staff |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |language=en |volume=387 |issue=21 |pages=1935–1946 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2211029 |issn=0028-4793 |pmc=9743802 |pmid=36351262}} * {{Cite journal |last=Kunichoff |first=Dennis |last2=Mills |first2=David |last3=Asi |first3=Yara |last4=Abdulrahim |first4=Sawsan |last5=Wispelwey |first5=Bram |last6=Tanous |first6=Osama |last7=Ahmed |first7=A. Kayum |last8=Hammoudeh |first8=Weeam |last9=Bahour |first9=Nadine |last10=Bassett |first10=Mary T. |last11=Greenough |first11=P. Gregg |date=2024 |title=Are hospitals collateral damage? Assessing geospatial proximity of 2000 lb bomb detonations to hospital facilities in the Gaza Strip from October 7 to November 17, 2023 |journal=PLOS Global Public Health |volume=4 |issue=10 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgph.0003178 |pmc=11466298 |pmid=39387878 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite journal |last=Krieger |first=Nancy |last2=Bassett |first2=Mary T. |date=2025 |title=Structural and Scientific Racism, Science, and Health — Evidence versus Ideology |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |volume=393 |issue=12 |pages=1145–1148 |doi=10.1056/NEJMp2508916 |pmid=40981758}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1952]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3zvopzr15qs5qe14hyrjajulglo4g2i 0 140806 842487 828623 2026-05-29T14:33:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842487 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Massouda Jalāl''' ( Dari ) ita ce mace ta farko a tarihin [[Afghanistan]] da ta tsaya takarar kujerar Shugaban Afghanistan a 2002, 2004, da kuma a 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=dr massouda jalal - Google Search |url=https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&q=dr+massouda+jalal |access-date=2021-09-12 |website=www.google.com}}</ref> Dr. Jalāl ta fito a matsayin babbar mai magana da yawun matan Afghanistan bayan an zabe ta a matsayin Wakiliyar Loya Jirga ta 2002 (Babban Majalisa) yayin da ta zama daya daga cikin wadanda suka yi takarar kujerar Shugaban rikon kwarya na Afghanistan, sabanin tsohon shugaban kasa Hamid Karzai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile of Afghanistan's Minister of Women's Affairs, Massouda Jalal |url=https://www.voanews.com/archive/profile-afghanistans-minister-womens-affairs-massouda-jalal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911042914/https://www.voanews.com/archive/profile-afghanistans-minister-womens-affairs-massouda-jalal |archive-date=September 11, 2021 |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=Voice of America |language=en}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Harkokin Mata (2004-2006) a majalisar ministocin gwamnatin Afghanistan kuma shugabar Hukumar Doka kan Kawar da Cin Zarafin Mata (EVAW), ta bar wasu abubuwa da suka haɗa da tsarin Tsarin Ayyukan Ƙasa na Matan Afghanistan (NAPWA), wani shiri na shekaru goma ga mata don 'yantar da matan Afghanistan daga talauci da kuma haɓaka shigarsu cikin rayuwar jama'a. Tsakanin 2001-2004, Dr. Jalāl ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mace ɗaya tilo 'yar Afghanistan a matsayin memba na "Wakilin Zaman Lafiya na Afghanistan". Kafin ta shiga siyasa, ta yi aiki a matsayin Farfesa a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kabul, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabanni a Shirin Abinci na Duniya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, UNHCR, da Kwamitin Red Cross na Duniya a Afghanistan. Tana iya magana da harsunan Farisanci, Pashto, Turanci, Dutch, da Hindi/Urdu kuma tana iya magana da harsunan Faransanci da Jamusanci sosai. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Masha Hamilton |date=September 23, 2004 |title=Masooda Jalal's Campaign for President of Afghanistan |url=http://www.awakenedwoman.com/hamilton_jalal.htm |url-status=dead |journal=Awakened Woman E-magazine |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041010144716/http://www.awakenedwoman.com/hamilton_jalal.htm |archive-date=October 10, 2004}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haife ta a cikin iyali mai matsakaicin matsayi a Lardin Kapisa na Afghanistan, ɗaya daga cikin yara bakwai, Jalāl ta ƙaura zuwa [[Kabul]] don halartar makarantar sakandare. Bayan ta sami maki na biyu mafi girma a matakin ƙasa a Jarrabawar Shiga Kwalejin Ƙasa ta Afghanistan (Konkor), ta halarci Jami'ar Lafiya ta Kabul a matsayin ɗalibar makarantar sakandare da kwaleji ta ƙarni na farko, inda daga baya ta shiga jami'ar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-07-01 |title=Meeting Dr Massouda Jalal |url=https://www.sadf.eu/meeting-dr-massouda-jalal/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911042916/https://www.sadf.eu/meeting-dr-massouda-jalal/ |archive-date=2021-09-11 |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=SADF |language=en-US}}</ref> A tsakiyar yaƙin da ake gwabzawa a farkon shekarun 1990, ita da abokan aikinta na ilimi sun kafa Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam wadda ta ba da rahoton take haƙƙin ɗan adam ga Wakilin Musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Afghanistan. Ta kasance memba a cikin malamai a Jami'ar Lafiya ta Kabul har zuwa 1996, lokacin da gwamnatin [[Taliban]] ta kore ta. Bayan an kore ta daga jami'ar Lafiya ta Kabul, ta yi aiki a matsayin Babbar Jami'ar Shirye-shirye ta Ƙasa kuma Shugabar Sashen Mata na [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] - Shirin Abinci na Duniya (UN-WFP), Mai Ba da Shawara ga Kwamitin Red Cross na Duniya, da Babbar Jami'ar Shirye-shirye ta Kwamishinan 'Yan Gudun Hijira na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNHCR). <ref>{{Cite web |title=UNHCR - The UN Refugee Agency |url=https://www.unhcr.org/en-us/ |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=www.unhcr.org}}</ref> A ƙarƙashin mulkin Taliban, ƙoƙarinta na kare haƙƙin mata da 'yan mata na samun ilimi da aiki ya sa aka kama ta saboda dalilai na siyasa. <ref name="genderandsecurity.org">{{Cite web |date=12 October 2011 |title=Frontrunner: The Afghan Woman Who Surprised the World {{!}} The Consortium on Gender, Security and Human Rights |url=https://genderandsecurity.org/projects-resources/filmography/frontrunner-afghan-woman-who-surprised-world |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=genderandsecurity.org}}</ref> An sake ta daga gidan yari ta hanyar shiga tsakani daga Hedkwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Mijinta, Farfesa Dr. Faizullah Jalāl, farfesa ne a fannin Shari'a da Kimiyyar Siyasa a Jami'ar Kabul tsawon shekaru 30 da suka gabata kuma suna da 'ya'ya uku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview {{!}} I Hope the Taliban Will Learn From Their Past Mistakes: Massouda Jalal |url=https://thewire.in/south-asia/massouda-jalal-interview |access-date=2021-09-12 |website=The Wire}}</ref> Jami'an tsaron Taliban sun kama Farfesa Faizullah Jalāl a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 2022 saboda zarginsa da hannu a sukar gwamnatin Taliban a shafukan sada zumunta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2022 |title=Taliban Condemned for Arresting Outspoken Afghan Professor |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/taliban-condemned-for-arresting-outspoken-afghan-professor/6388432.html |access-date=2022-01-09 |website=VOA |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-09 |title=Prominent Afghan academic detained for criticising Taliban policies |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/504760-prominent-afghan-academic-detained-for-criticising-taliban-policies.html |access-date=2022-01-09 |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Aikin siyasa == An zaɓe Jalāl a matsayin Wakili daga unguwarta ta Kabul zuwa Majalisar Dokokin Afghanistan ta gaggawa ta 2002. A shekarar 2002, lokacin da ta tsaya takarar kujerar shugaban ƙasa a gwamnatin riƙon ƙwarya ta Afghanistan, an yi mata la'akari da ta jagoranci Afghanistan a matsayin shugabar riƙon ƙwarya, amma daga ƙarshe aka sanya ta a matsayi na biyu bayan tsohon shugaban Afghanistan Hamid Karzai . Ta ƙi amincewa da tayin zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko na tsohon shugaban ƙasa Hamid Karzai a madadin janye takararta. A shekara ta 2003, an sake zaɓen Jalāl daga Kabul zuwa Majalisar Dokoki ta Loya Jirga (Babban Majalisar) ta Afghanistan. A lokacin tsara Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Afghanistan, ta yi aiki tare da sauran mata wakilai don yin fafutukar ganin an haɗa mata da tanade-tanaden haƙƙin ɗan adam, gami da Mataki na 22; Mataki na 53, Sashe na 2; Mataki na 44; Mataki na 54, Sashe na 2; da Mataki na 83 da 84. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-05 |title=Biography of Dr. Masooda Jalal |url=https://www.afghan-web.com/biographies/biography-of-dr-masooda-jalal/ |access-date=2021-09-29 |website=Afghanistan Online |language=en-US}}</ref> A lokacin muhawarar Kundin Tsarin Mulki kan ko ya kamata a bai wa matan Afghanistan 'yancin kaɗa ƙuri'a da tsayawa takara a matsayin 'yar takara a manyan mukamai a gwamnati, magoya bayan sun yi amfani da gogewarta a takarar shugaban ƙasa a matsayin abin nuni, suna masu ambaton cewa ta riga ta yi amfani da wannan 'yancin. Ta hanyar tsayawa takara a matsayin 'yar takarar shugaban ƙasa, ta riga ta kafa ma'auni kan mafi girman matsayi inda ya kamata a bar matan Afghanistan su fafata. Wannan jigon muhawarar ya bayyana a cikin takardun Hukumar Kundin Tsarin Mulki kuma an rufe shi da kafofin watsa labarai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is who in Afghanistan? |url=http://www.afghan-bios.info/index.php?option=com_afghanbios&id=743&task=view&total=2524&start=973&itemid=2 |access-date=2021-09-29 |website=www.afghan-bios.info}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; Dr Massouda Jalāl ta sake tsayawa takarar kujerar Shugaban Afghanistan a matsayin mace tilo 'yar takara a zaben shugaban kasa na Afghanistan na 2004. <ref name=":0"/> A zaben 2004, Jalāl ta zo ta 6 a cikin 'yan takara maza 17. Daga 2001 zuwa 2004. Ita ce mace daya tilo 'yar Afghanistan da ta kasance cikin tawagar Afghanistan a lokacin tattaunawar zaman lafiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 September 2004 |title=Afghan woman takes on presidential politics |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5931226 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911042913/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5931226 |archive-date=September 11, 2021 |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> A cikin wannan matsayin, ta shiga cikin tattaunawar zaman lafiya ta hukuma. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 July 2017 |title=Women's Leadership in Afghanistan's Reconstruction |url=https://asiasociety.org/womens-leadership-afghanistans-reconstruction |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=Asia Society |language=en}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Harkokin Mata (2004-2006) a majalisar ministocin gwamnatin Afghanistan kuma shugabar Hukumar Dokar Kawar da Cin Zarafin Mata (EVAW), ta bar wasu abubuwa da suka haɗa da tsarin Tsarin Ayyukan Ƙasa na Matan Afghanistan (NAPWA), wani shiri na shekaru goma ga mata don 'yantar da matan Afghanistan daga talauci da kuma haɓaka shigarsu cikin rayuwar jama'a. Ta kuma kasance Shugabar Hukumar Dokar Kawar da Cin Zarafin Mata (EVAW), wanda kuma aka amince da shi daga baya a matsayin doka don 'yantar da matan Afghanistan daga tsoro, tashin hankali da zalunci. A lokacin da take Ministar Harkokin Mata ta yi tafiya zuwa dukkan lardunan Afghanistan. A lokacin ɗaya daga cikin tafiye-tafiyen da ta yi a hukumance zuwa lardin Takhar na Afghanistan, an kai mata hari kuma an jefa mata bam, wanda ya sa masu tsaronta biyu suka ji rauni sosai. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2005 |title=USAID announces $2.5 million for Afghanistan Women's Ministry - Afghanistan |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/afghanistan/usaid-announces-25-million-afghanistan-womens-ministry |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=ReliefWeb |language=en}}</ref> Kokarinta na ƙoƙarin inganta haƙƙin ɗan adam, haƙƙin mata, daidaito, adalci da zaman lafiya an buga su a cikin littattafai biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Women and the Future of Democracy in Afghanistan: The Work of the U.S.-Afghan Women's Council |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/wi/rls/55079.htm |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=2001-2009.state.gov |publisher=U.S. Department Of State, Office of Electronic Information, Bureau of Public Affairs |language=en}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, shirin gaskiya na "Frontrunner: The Afghanistan Woman Who Surprised the World" wani shiri ne da aka yi a kanta. Wannan labari ne na jarumtaka na mace ta farko da ta tsaya takarar Shugabancin Afghanistan. Duk da cewa a ƙarshe ta sha kaye a zaɓen da tsohon shugaban ƙasa Hamid Karzai ya yi, yaƙin neman zaɓenta na jarumtaka ya buɗe ƙofa ga mata sama da 550 su tsaya takarar Majalisar Dokoki watanni kaɗan bayan haka. <ref name="genderandsecurity.org"/> == Ƙungiyoyin Jama'a == Tun bayan da ta bar aiki a gwamnatin Afghanistan a shekarar 2006, ta shiga cikin harkokin kare hakkin dan adam, ƙungiyoyin farar hula, zamantakewa, da kuma fafutukar siyasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. Massouda Jalal |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/news/dr-massouda-jalal/ |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=HuffPost UK |language=en}}</ref> Ita ce ta kafa Jalāl Foundation, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta, mai zaman kanta wadda ke haɗa majalisun mata da ƙungiyoyi don gina ƙarfin mata, kare haƙƙin mata, haɓaka shigar mata a harkokin siyasa, da kuma kawo muryoyin mata a cikin tarurrukan ƙasa da ƙasa. <ref name="Author Page">{{Cite web |date=14 October 2013 |title=Author Page |url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/author/massouda-jalal/ |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=openDemocracy |language=en}}</ref> Dr. Massouda Jalāl ta kuma kafa Jaridar Freedom Message Weekly - wata jarida mai fafutuka wacce ta fallasa cin zarafin haƙƙin mata da haƙƙin ɗan adam tare da haɓaka dimokuradiyya da 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki a Afghanistan. A cikin waɗannan fannoni ta yi tafiya zuwa ƙasashe sama da 50 na duniya don wakiltar matan Afghanistan da kuma ɗaga muryoyinsu a dandamalin ƙasa da ƙasa. Ita ce kuma ta kafa kuma ta haɗa kai da ƙungiyoyi da cibiyoyin sadarwa na mata da yawa a Afghanistan da yankin. <ref name="Log In or Sign Up to View">{{Cite web |title=Log In or Sign Up to View |url=https://www.facebook.com/login/ |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=www.facebook.com |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, wasu 'yan bindiga sun kai hari kan wasu masu fafutukar kare hakkin mata biyu na Gidauniyar Jalāl a Helmand lokacin da suke kan tafiya ta hukuma, inda suka kashe daya sannan suka sanya daya cikin suma. Harin ya tilasta wa Dr. Jalāl dakatar da tafiye-tafiyenta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Urgent Action Fund {{!}} Women's Rights in Afghanistan |url=https://urgentactionfund.org/2012/06/womens-rights-in-afghanistan/ |access-date=2021-09-12 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kwanan nan, a lokacin da ta tsaya takara ta uku a Ofishin Shugaban Kasa a shekarar 2019, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. Masouda Jalal داکتر مسعوده جلال |url=https://www.facebook.com/pages/category/Politician/masouda.jalal.official/photos/ |access-date=2021-09-12 |website=www.facebook.com |language=en}}</ref> Dr. Jalāl ta yi suka da tsaurin ra'ayi da kuma take hakkin dan adam da hakkokin mata a kafafen yada labarai na kasa da na duniya. Wannan ya haifar da hare-hare da dama a kanta da 'yan uwanta, ciki har da gidanta da ofishinta, wadanda makiya zaman lafiya da dimokuradiyya suka kai mata bam. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Urgent Action Fund {{!}} Women's Rights in Afghanistan |url=https://urgentactionfund.org/2012/06/womens-rights-in-afghanistan/ |access-date=2021-09-11 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bayan faduwar Kabul a watan Agusta na 2021, an tilasta wa Jalāl yin gudun hijira zuwa [[Holand|Netherlands]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2021 |title=Afghaanse oud-minister: Taliban willen dat vrouwen leven als tweederangsburgers |url=https://nos.nl/artikel/2399237-afghaanse-oud-minister-taliban-willen-dat-vrouwen-leven-als-tweederangsburgers |access-date=26 September 2021 |publisher=NOS |language=nl}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da girmamawa == An yaba mata da kuma yaba mata da ƙoƙarinta na fafutukar da take yi ba tare da gajiyawa ba, ta samu kyaututtuka da kyaututtuka da dama daga ƙasashen duniya. Ta sami kyaututtuka kamar haka: * Kyautar Duniya ta 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya; <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2010 |title=UN Watch human rights awards |url=https://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO1006/S00002/un-watch-human-rights-awards.htm |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=www.scoop.co.nz}}</ref> * Kyautar Kyau ta Mata, Majalisar 'Yan Kasuwa Mata ta SAARC&nbsp;(SCWEC), 2010. <ref name="Log In or Sign Up to View"/> * Wanda aka ba kyautar, Cibiyar Ci Gaba da Ayyukan Jama'a (CEDPA) * Kyautar Jagoranci saboda Gudummawa Mai Kyau ga Kyautar Haɓaka Mata daga Majalisar CSR ta Duniya; * Kyautar Jagorancin Mata Mai Hankali daga Majalisar Shugabannin Mata ta Duniya, WWLCA, 2014 * Wanda aka ba kyautar, Ƙungiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Duniya da Shari'a * Wanda aka zaɓa, Kyautar ASHOKA Fellowship Award * Wanda aka zaɓa, Kyautar Tulip Prize, 2012 da 2011 * Ya lashe Gasar Karatu ta 1981 a lardin Kapisa a matakin lardi. * Ta zo ta biyu a jarrabawar shiga Kwalejin Ƙasa ta Afghanistan ta 1981 (Kankor) a matakin ƙasa. * Za a bai wa Massouda Jalal da 'yarta [[Husna Jalal]], masu fafutukar siyasa biyu a Afghanistan, kyautar kare hakkin mata ta duniya ta 2025, a taron Geneva karo na 17 kan kare hakkin dan adam da dimokuradiyya, 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 International Women's Rights Award |url=https://genevasummit.org/speech/2025-international-womens-rights-award/ |access-date=2025-05-16 |website=The Geneva Summit for Human Rights and Democracy |language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce mawallafin littattafai da dama, <ref name="Author Page"/> na ƙarshe daga cikinsu littafi ne mai suna "Rataye da Maƙallin: Haƙƙoƙin Matan Afghanistan da Barazanar Tsaro", bayanin ra'ayoyinta game da zaman lafiya da tsarin siyasa na ƙasar. Rubuce-rubucenta da fafutukarta na baya sun haɗa da labarai da hirarraki da yawa kan dimokuraɗiyya ta Afghanistan, bin doka, haƙƙin mata da cin zarafin mata a cikin harshen Farisanci da Turanci, waɗanda da yawa daga cikinsu an buga su a kafofin watsa labarai na gida da jaridu na duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 October 2013 |title=Home |url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/search/?query=massouda+jalal |access-date=2021-09-12 |website=openDemocracy |language=en |archive-date=2021-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210912005547/https://www.opendemocracy.net/search/?query=massouda+jalal |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Afghanistan: the blind pursuit of peace and reconciliation - Massouda Jalal - South Asia Citizens Web |url=http://www.sacw.net/article3865.html |access-date=2021-09-11 |website=www.sacw.net}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This information is too vague. (February 2022)">rashin tabbas</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9d85br5j3l4mfriyao11we1ggegt6h0 0 140954 843058 836872 2026-05-30T06:14:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nancy Poore''' (1939-2025) [[Editing|edita]] ce ta Amurka, [[Marubuci|marubuciya]], mawallafi, [[Masu kirkira|mai]] zane, firinta kuma mai fafutuka . Tare da Jocelyn H. Cohen, ta kafa Helaine Victoria Press, wacce ta shahara saboda tarin labarai da hotunan jarumai da aka manta da su da kuma ƙungiyoyin mata daga ko'ina cikin duniya da kuma sake buga su a ƙananan tsare-tsare masu araha waɗanda mutane da yawa za su iya amfani da su, su nuna su kuma su gani. Don haka Poore ta ba da gudummawa ga faɗaɗa ilimin tarihin mata a hankali da kuma tashin matattu daga ɓoye na yawancin mata da ƙungiyoyin mata. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Poore a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 1939, a Chicago, ɗa ɗaya tilo, 'yar Taylor Poore (mai zane-zane da zane) da Madge (Shearer) Poore. Mahaifinta abokai ne da masu fasaha ciki har da Edgar Miller da Sol Kogen. A shekarar 1961, ta sami digiri na farko a Kwalejin Scripps, Claremont, California . A matsayinta na ɗalibi na farko, Poore ta yi karatu a Sorbonne . A shekarar 1991, ta sami digiri na biyu a Turanci daga Jami'ar Northwestern . Poore ta zauna a California a ƙarshen shekarun 1960 da farkon shekarun 1970 kuma ta fara sha'awar adalci a zamantakewa, musamman a fannin [[Feminism|mata]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chicago Gay History |url=https://chicagogayhistory.com/video_bio.php?id=813 |access-date=2025-09-30 |website=chicagogayhistory.com}}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyin fafutuka == A shekarar 1973, Poore da Jocelyn H Cohen sun kafa Helaine Victoria Press, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da suka kafa a Santa Monica, California . An kafa kamfanin buga littattafai da jaridu don bincike da buga hotuna da labarai game da jarumai marasa suna, ta amfani da na'urar buga wasiƙu ta da. 'Yan jaridun sun ci gaba da wannan aikin kan tarihin mata sama da shekaru 17, inda suka rufe a shekarar 1991. Manufar aikin ta shafi daidaikun mutane da ƙungiyoyi a tarihin mata, wani fanni da ba a taɓa amfani da shi ba wanda ke buƙatar tono labaran da aka manta da hotuna masu ban mamaki. Don haka wannan ya zama abin da ya fara aiki a Wikipedia Women in Red . Kayayyakin da aka buga na manema labarai, galibi katunan gaisuwa, ƙanana ne kuma masu araha kuma sun haɗa da mata daga dukkan ƙungiyoyin ƙabila da tattalin arziki da kuma juriya, zaɓe da ƙungiyoyin aiki. An tsara hotunan a cikin iyakoki masu launi waɗanda suka dace da zamanin da batun. Rubutun bayanai sun ba da cikakkun bayanai game da rayuwar matan da aka zana. Ba a yi nufin katunan gaisuwa kawai su zama hotuna masu ban sha'awa ba, har ma don ba da labari. Misali, taken da ke bayan katin gaisuwa na Komako Kimura da aka nuna a dama shine: " Kimura Komako, wanda aka nuna a wata ziyara a New York a 1917-18. Wata fitacciyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo/mai rawa ta Japan, Mme. Kimura ta zo Amurka ne musamman don nazarin hanyoyin mata 'yan Amurka masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Ta shirya taron farko (1913) na 'yan takarar zaben 'yan kasa na Japan, mujallu da kuma al'umma - dukkansu ana kiransu Shin Shin Fujin (Sabuwar Mace ta Gaskiya). Mataki ne mai ƙarfin hali, har ma da ban mamaki, an soki shi amma ba a ba shi sanarwa ta jama'a ba. Duk da haka, ya share fagen ga shahararriyar Akiko Hiratsuka da abokan aikinta, waɗanda suka ba wa ƙasar mamaki a 1920 ta hanyar neman kawo ƙarshen wata tsohuwar doka da ta hana mata shiga tarukan siyasa. Sun yi nasara a wannan zagayen kuma, a 1946, ƙungiyar 'yan kasa. A ranar 10 ga Afrilu, mata miliyan 13 na Japan sun kaɗa ƙuri'a a karon farko cikin fiye da ƙarni 25 a matsayin ƙasa. " Ana sayar da katunan gaisuwa a shagunan sayar da littattafai, bukukuwa da gidajen kofi . Da zarar masu amfani sun rubuta katunan kuma suka saka su, ana rarraba su kuma ana iya ganin su ta hanyar masu aika wasiku da masu karɓa, kuma sau da yawa ana nuna su a kan allunan sanarwa ko firiji, wanda hakan ke faɗaɗa ajiyar tunawa da kuma sanin mata masu daraja. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Women’s History from the Helaine Victoria Press Collection – Poetree Landscapes & Arboriculture |url=https://jocelync.com/helaine-victoria-press-collection/ |access-date=2025-09-30 |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Fayil:Postcard_of_Kimura_Komako_on_a_visit_to_New_York_1917-18.jpg|thumb|Katin gaisuwa da Helaine Victoria Press ta buga yana nuna Kimura Komako a ziyarar da ta kai New York daga 1917 zuwa 1918.]] Bayan Poore da Cohen sun rabu, Poore ta koma Chicago inda ta gudanar da harkokinta na edita, rubutu, bincike da kuma ayyukan ƙira na tsawon shekaru da yawa, sannan kuma ta yi aiki a sashen aikin jarida na Jami'ar Northwestern. A Chicago, Poore ta daɗe tana da dangantaka/aure da Chris Johnson, ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar mata ta Metis Press kuma Poore da Cohen sun haɗu a lokacin da suka halarci taron mata a cikin bugawa, ciki har da waɗanda aka yi a Chicago a 1976 da 1982. Poore ta yi aikin sa kai tare da ƙungiyar mata ta Chicago Graphics Collective kuma ta zama memba na ƙungiyar Metis Press Collective, ƙungiyar mata ta Feminist Writers ; Black Maria, mujallar adabin mata ta Feminist; da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta Feminists in Alternative Business. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Maxwell |first=Carrie |date=August 8, 2025 |title=PASSAGES Nancy Poore, Women's Printing Movement pioneer, dies at 85 |url=https://windycitytimes.com/2025/08/08/passages-nancy-poore-womens-printing-movement-pioneer-dies-at-85/ |access-date=2025-09-30 |website=Windy City Times |language=en-US}}</ref> == Gado == An rubuta ayyukan Poore da Cohen a cikin wani littafi mai suna 'Making History: The Revolutionary Feminist Postcard Art of Helaine Victoria Press' wanda Cohen da abokin aikinta Julia M. Allen suka rubuta. Littafin budewa yana samuwa don karantawa akan layi kuma yana dauke da fayilolin bidiyo da sauti. An kuma adana katunan gaisuwa da fosta da manema labarai suka samar a [[Tarin Sophia Smith|Tarin Tarihin Mata na Sophia Smith]] a Kwalejin Smith, Laburare na Schlesinger - Cibiyar Nazarin Ci Gaban Radcliffe da kuma Laburare da Taskar Tarihi ta Gerber-Hart da kuma a wasu dakunan karatu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Poore, Nancy (Nancy Taylor Victoria) {{!}} Modern Manuscripts & Archives at the Newberry |url=https://archives.newberry.org/agents/people/4059 |access-date=2025-09-30 |website=archives.newberry.org }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Helaine Victoria Press Collection, 1973-1991 |url=https://researchworks.oclc.org/archivegrid/collection/data/1298737503 |access-date=2025-09-30 |website=researchworks.oclc.org |language=en}}</ref> Sun haɗa da, misali, katunan gaisuwa da ke nuna Kimura Komako da Irene Herlocker-Meyer . Jaridun da Poore da Cohen suka kafa sun yi aiki da katunan gaisuwa fiye da samar da yanayin rubutu mai sauƙi. Ya haifar da tunawa da mata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Women Making History {{!}} Home |url=https://liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/doi/book/10.3828/9781643150352 |access-date=2025-09-30 |website=Default Book Series |language=en |doi=10.3828/9781643150352}}</ref> Poore ta rasu a ranar 27 ga Yuli, 2025 a [[Elgin|Elgin, Illinois]] . Ta bar 'yan uwanta Lois (Patrick) Berg, Celia (Mark) Foster da Marilyn (Don) Thompson, da kuma 'yan uwanta Ben da Edwin Hunt. <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-22 |title=Obituaries - Northern Illinois Funeral Services, Inc. |url=https://www.nifsinc.com/obituaries/,%20https://www.nifsinc.com/obituaries/nancy-poore/479/ |access-date=2025-09-30 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2025]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1939]] d9b3bvkgf2jx3ovgu5ju70ebcqd6gzp 0 143101 842883 803399 2026-05-29T23:17:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842883 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Monique Andréas Esoavelomandroso''' (18 ga Agusta 1945 - 17 Maris 2025) 'yar siyasar ƙasar Malagasy ce. == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Esoavelomandroso a Fort-Dauphin (yanzu Tôlanaro) a kudu maso gabashin Madagascar kuma ta girma a birnin Tuléar na gabar tekun yamma (yanzu Toliara), inda ta sami ilimin addini a Cocin Lutheran.<ref name="ONU">{{Cite web |date=8 March 2012 |title=ONU Flash Madagascar Numero Special |url=http://www.hayzara.org/content/download/1199/23503/version/1/file/ONU-Flash-Madagascar-Numero-Special-08-Mars-2012.pdf |access-date=22 October 2016 |publisher=United Nations}}</ref> Ta cancanci zama mai binciken kuɗi bayan ta yi karatu a [[Faris|Paris]] da kuma Jami'ar Pittsburgh, kuma ta rubuta bincike kan alƙaluman alƙaluman Madagascar. Ta auri [[Manassé Esoavelomandroso]], shugaban jam'iyyar Leader Fanilo.<ref name="AllenCovell2005">{{cite book|last1=Allen|first1=Philip M.|last2=Covell|first2=Maureen|title=Historical Dictionary of Madagascar|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000alle|url-access=registration|year=2005|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-4636-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000alle/page/38 38]}}</ref> Ta ci gaba da aiki a matsayin minista a gwamnatocin Malagasy tsakanin shekarun 1971 da 2004. Muƙamanta sun haɗa da ma'aikatun zane-zane na karkara, kuɗi da tattalin arziki, yawan jama'a (gami da kula da harkokin mata da yara tsakanin shekarun 1977 da 1993) da kuma kasafin kuɗi da rarraba iko. Shugaba Marc Ravalomanana ya naɗa ta a matsayin sakatariyarsa na harkokin rarraba iko da ci gaban larduna masu cin gashin kansu a shekarar 2002. A shekarar 2004, an naɗa ta babbar sakatariya na Hukumar Tekun Indiya, wacce ta yi aiki har zuwa shekara ta 2008. Daga baya an naɗa Esoavelomandroso na wa'adin shekaru shida a matsayin Ombudsman na Jamhuriyar Madagascar, tare da alhakin wakiltar muradun 'yan ƙasar Madagascar ta hanyar bincike da magance koke-koken rashin shugabanci ko keta haƙƙoƙi.<ref>{{cite news|title=La Médiature de la République présentée à Antsiranana|url=http://latribune.cyber-diego.com/societe/1111-la-mediature-de-la-republique-presentee-a-antsiranana.html|language=French|author=Maholy|work=La Tribune de Diego|date=20 November 2013|accessdate=23 October 2016}}</ref> Naɗin nata bai kasance ba tare da wata ce-ce-ku-ce ba, domin aurenta da wani babban ɗan siyasan adawa ya haifar da damuwa game da iyawarta ta yin aiki a matsayin mai shiga tsakani na tsaka-tsaki.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://madagascar-tribune.com/Pas-de-mediation-politique,8812.html|title=Pas de médiation politique|language=French|work=Madagascar Tribune|date=13 September 2008}}</ref> Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar ƙungiyar "Avoty ny Ankizy" (Save the Children) da kuma Ƙungiyar Masu Kula da Baitulmali ta Mata.<ref name="ONU"/> An yi wa Esoavelomandroso fitaccen ɗan wasa a gasar Grand Croix, ajin 2 na ƙungiyar [[Malagasy Legion of Honor]] a ranar 12 ga watan Afrilu, 2021.<ref>[https://midi-madagasikara.mg/andreas-monique-esoavelomandroso-elevee-au-grade-de-grand-croix-de-deuxieme-classe-de-lordre-national/ Legion of Honor]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Esoavelomandroso ta mutu a ranar 17 ga watan Maris 2025, tana da shekaru 79.<ref>{{cite news |title=Monique Andréas Esoavelomandroso s’éteint à 80 ans |url=https://2424.mg/necrologie-monique-andreas-esoavelomandroso-seteint-a-80-ans/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=necrologie-monique-andreas-esoavelomandroso-seteint-a-80-ans&amp |access-date=18 March 2025 |publisher=2424.mg |date=17 March 2025}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2025]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1945]] su50kkmg5q8ivcv1gmsoa5chmdfg78b 0 143179 842433 803593 2026-05-29T12:33:45Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mary Hay, Countess ta 14 ta Erroll''' (ta mutu a ranar 19 ga Agusta 1758) ta kasance fitacciyar mace 'yar Scotland kuma ''suo jure'' Countess ta Erroll . A matsayinta na 18 ga Lord High Constable kuma Knight Marischal ta Scotland, ita ce Babbar Jami'a a tsakanin Sarakunan Scotland kuma Shugaban Gidan Sarki a Scotland . Ta gaji waɗannan muƙamai a shekara ta 1717 bayan rasuwar ɗan'uwanta mara aure, Charles Hay, Earl na 13 na Erroll . == Rayuwa ta farko == Ita ce babbar 'yar John Hay, Earl na 12 na Erroll (jikan [[Sir George Hay]], ƙaramin ɗan Earl na bakwai) da matarsa, Lady Anne Drummond, 'yar'uwar Dukes na Jacobite na Perth da Melfort . Babban ɗanta shine Charles Hay, Earl na 13 na Erroll ( {{Circa|1680}} –1717) kuma ƙanwarta ita ce Lady Margaret Hay, wacce ta auri James Livingston, Earl na 5 na Linlithgow . <ref name="EarlErroll">{{Cite web |title=Erroll, Earl of (S, 1452) |url=http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/erroll1452.htm |access-date=9 June 2020 |website=cracroftspeerage.co.uk |publisher=Heraldic Media Limited |archive-date=17 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100717051413/http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/online/content/Erroll1452.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> An tsare babban ɗan'uwanta Charles a gidan yari a Edinburgh Castle bisa zargin cin amanar ƙasa, kuma ya zauna a gudun hijira a Nahiyar daga 1712 zuwa 1715. <ref name="EarlErroll"/> A matsayinta na babbar 'yar'uwa kuma magajin zuriyarsu, ta gaji sarautar da ɗan'uwanta ya samu a ƙarƙashin naɗin 16 ga Fabrairu 1674, kuma an yi wa magajinsa hidima a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 1718. An ba ta izinin zama Babban Jami'in Tsaro a lokacin naɗin Sarki George na Biyu na Burtaniya, kodayake mataimakiya ce ta wakilta ta. == Sana'a == [[Fayil:Ruined_Slains_Castle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1461044.jpg|right|thumb|Katangar Gidan Sarauta]] Kamar mahaifiyarta da ɗan'uwanta, Countess Anne ƙwararriyar 'yar Jacobite ce kuma wakiliyar sirri ce a kotun da aka kora ta Tsohon Mai Zane, "James III da VIII", a Saint Germain-en-Laye . A shekara ta 1745, ta tara rundunar sojojin Buchan don Yarima Charles Edward Stuart . [1] Ta gina Slains Castle babbar cibiyar kula da jami'an sirri na Jacobite, ta yi wata fahimta ta sirri da jami'in sojan ruwa da ke sintiri a gabar tekun Buchan don sanar da ita lokacin da jirginsa zai wuce Slains. Da zarar ya sauka a Slains, an gaggauta su zuwa wani sansaninta, Delgatie Castle, tare da ramukan ɓoye da kuma hanyar shiga ta sirri. Ta yi amfani da Jamie Fleeman, wawan Udny, a matsayin manzo don tuntuɓar 'yan tawayen Jacobite lokacin da suke ɓoye domin yana iya yawo a cikin ƙauye ba tare da wata tambaya ba. A shekara ta 1747, a ƙarƙashin Dokar Gado ta 1746 (Scotland) wadda ta soke ikon mallakar gado, ta karɓi £1,200 don sarautar Slains. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Kafin watan Agusta na 1722, Hay ta auri Alexander Falconer na Delgaty (1682–1745), lauya kuma ɗan Sir David Falconer, Shugaban Kotun Zamani. Babban ɗan'uwansa, David, ya gaji wani ɗan'uwa na nesa a matsayin Lord Falconer na 5 na Halkerton . Daga baya, mijinta ya ɗauki sunan Hay. <ref name="EarlErroll"/> Bayan mijinta ya rasu a watan Yulin 1745, ta mutu a ranar 19 ga Agusta, 1758 a Slains Castle, County Aberdeen. Tun da ba ta da ɗa, manyan mutanen gidan sun tafi ga ɗan uwanta, James, Lord Boyd, jikan 'yar uwarta, Lady Margaret Hay da ɗan William Boyd, Earl na 4 na Kilmarnock, wanda aka kashe a Tower Hill kuma ya sami sarauta a 1746, saboda rawar da ya taka a tashin Jacobite na 1745. <ref name="EarlErroll"/> == Manazarta == cv80mgsuggk4qtj9qbjyda3hhnjurut 0 143592 843271 836942 2026-05-30T09:09:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843271 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nouzha Chekrouni''' ( An haife ta a shekarar 1955, [[Ameknas|Meknes]]) babbar jami'a ce a fannin jagoranci mai zurfi a [[Jami'ar Harvard]] wacce ke da digirin digirgir a fannin harsuna daga Sorbonne Nouvelle da ke [[Faris|birnin Paris]].<ref name=bio/><ref>{{cite news|title=MEKNÈS : Chekrouni lance son site Internet|url=http://www.maghress.com/fr/lagazette/14403|accessdate=2 September 2012|newspaper=La Gazette du Maroc|date=2007-07-31|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050841/http://www.maghress.com/fr/lagazette/14403|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=MAP|title=SM Le Roi Mohammed VI nomme de nouveaux ambassadeurs|url=http://www.maghress.com/fr/maghrebobservateur/1474|accessdate=2 September 2012|newspaper=Maghreb Observateur|date=2009-01-21|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051100/http://www.maghress.com/fr/maghrebobservateur/1474|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Shefa>{{cite news|last1=Shefa|first1=Sheri|title=Festival to celebrate Jewish life in Morocco|url=http://www.cjnews.com/canada/festival-celebrate-jewish-life-morocco|accessdate=6 May 2015|publisher=[[Canadian Jewish News]]|date=28 May 2012}}</ref> Ta kasance 'yar siyasa a jam'iyyar Socialist Union of Popular Forces ta [[Moroko|Morocco]] kuma Ministar Wakilai ga 'yan Morocco da ke zaune a kasashen waje a majalisar [[Driss Jettou]] (2002 &#x2013; 2007), Ministar Wakilai ga Mata, Kare Iyali da Yara, kuma Sakatariyar Harkokin Naƙasassu a majalisar Abderrahman el-Yousfi (1998 &#x2013; 2002).<ref name=bio/> Tun daga watan Janairun 2009, ita ce Jakadiyar Morocco a [[Kanada]].<ref name=bio>{{cite news|last=Naima BOUACHRINE|title=Aïcha Belarbi et Nouzha Chekrouni, deux femmes au gouvernement|url=http://www.maghress.com/fr/marochebdo/31523|accessdate=2 September 2012|newspaper=MarocHebdo|date=1998-03-21|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234500/http://www.maghress.com/fr/marochebdo/31523|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=MEKNÈS : Chekrouni lance son site Internet|url=http://www.maghress.com/fr/lagazette/14403|accessdate=2 September 2012|newspaper=La Gazette du Maroc|date=2007-07-31|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050841/http://www.maghress.com/fr/lagazette/14403|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=MAP|title=SM Le Roi Mohammed VI nomme de nouveaux ambassadeurs|url=http://www.maghress.com/fr/maghrebobservateur/1474|accessdate=2 September 2012|newspaper=Maghreb Observateur|date=2009-01-21|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051100/http://www.maghress.com/fr/maghrebobservateur/1474|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Shefa/> Dr. Chekrouni farfesa ce a fannin harsuna a fannin Fasaha da Kimiyyar Zamantakewa a jami'ar [[Ameknas|Meknes]]. <ref name="bio" /> == Duba kuma == * Majalisar ministocin Morocco == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141129054054/http://www.ambamaroc.ca/ Ofishin Jakadancin Morocco zuwa Kanada] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] mmf0l1qy60l1twsgdlq2t2dr7s3cugj 0 143599 842933 836833 2026-05-30T05:00:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nabila Rmili''' (an haife ta a ranar 5 ga watan Yuni 1974) likita ce 'yar [[Moroko|ƙasar Morocco]] kuma 'yar siyasa ta National Rally of Independents (RNI). A watan Satumba na shekarar 2021, an zaɓe ta a matsayin magajiyar garin [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]]. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Ta yi rajista a Jami'ar Casablanca daga inda ta kammala karatunta daga sashen likitanci. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Biographie de Nabila Rmili, présidente du Conseil communal de Casablanca |url=https://www.maroc-hebdo.press.ma/biographie-nabila-rmili-casablanca |access-date=2021-09-27 |website=www.maroc-hebdo.press.ma |language=fr |archive-date=2021-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927053222/https://www.maroc-hebdo.press.ma/biographie-nabila-rmili-casablanca |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunta, ta yi aiki a matsayin likita a Ouzzane tsakanin shekarun 2002 da 2005. Ta jagoranci sashen lafiya na matasa a Anfa tsakanin shekarun 2006 da 2010. <ref name=":0" /> A matsayinta na likita, ta kasance wakiliyar lafiya na ma'aikatar lafiya na Ben M'sik tsakanin shekarun 2010 da 2014 kuma ta hau wannan muƙamin na Anfa tsakanin shekarun 2014 da 2017. Daga shekarar 2017 ta yi aiki a matsayin babbar darakta a fannin lafiya na yankin Casablanca Settat. <ref name=":0" /> == Aikin siyasa == Ita mamba ce a hukumar siyasa ta RNI kuma mataimakiyar shugaban majalisar birni ta [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]]. <ref name=":0"/> Bayan nasarar jam'iyyarta a babban zaɓen Morocco na 2021, majalisar birni ta zaɓe ta a matsayin Magajiyar Garin Casablanca. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-20 |title=Nabila Rmili (RNI) élue maire de Casablanca |url=https://www.medias24.com/2021/09/20/nabila-rmili-rni-elue-maire-de-casablanca/ |access-date=2021-09-27 |website=Medias24 |language=fr-FR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=A woman elected for the first time as mayor of Casablanca |url=https://atalayar.com/en/content/woman-elected-first-time-mayor-casablanca |access-date=2021-09-27 |website=Atalayar |language=en |archive-date=2021-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927053213/https://atalayar.com/en/content/woman-elected-first-time-mayor-casablanca |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nova |first=Redazione Agenzia |date=2021-09-21 |title=Morocco: who is Nabila Rmili (Rni), the first female mayor of Casablanca |url=https://www.agenzianova.com/en/news/morocco-who-is-nabila-rmili-rni-first-female-mayor-of-casablanca/ |access-date=2022-12-04 |website=Agenzia Nova |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Oktoba, 2021, aka naɗa ta Ministar Lafiya a gwamnatin da Aziz Akhannouch ke jagoranta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kasraoui |first=Safaa |title=Meet Nabila Rmili, Morocco's New Minister of Health |url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/10/344810/meet-nabila-rmili-moroccos-new-minister-of-health |access-date=2021-10-08 |website=www.moroccoworldnews.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga watan Oktoba, an sanar da cewa Sarki Mohammed na VI zai sake naɗa Khalid Aït Taleb a matsayin Ministan Lafiya bayan Rmili ta yi murabus daga muƙaminta domin "mayar da hankali sosai kan ayyukanta" a matsayin magajiyar garin Casablanca. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=14 October 2021 |title=Communiqué du Cabinet Royal |url=http://mapnews.ma/fr/activites-royales/communiqu%C3%A9-du-cabinet-royal-73 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211015205605/http://mapnews.ma/fr/activites-royales/communiqu%C3%A9-du-cabinet-royal-73 |archive-date=15 October 2021 |access-date=15 October 2021 |website=Maghreb Arabe Presse}}</ref> === Magajiyar Garin Casablanca (2021- yanzu) === Ta goyi bayan tallafin da ake bai wa sufuri na jama'a a shekarar kuɗi ta 2023, wanda ya ware kuɗi daban-daban ga hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa da ayyukan bas domin hana ƙarin kuɗin sufuri. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2022 |title=Nabila Rmili:Pas de hausse des prix du tramway et des bus à Casablanca |url=https://lematin.ma/express/2022/nabila-rmili-hausse-prix-tramway-bus-casablanca/382119.html |access-date=2022-12-04 |website=[[Le Matin (Morocco)|Le Matin]] |language=fr}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na 2022, Rmili ta kuma hana yaɗa kekunan da jakuna ko dawakai ke ja ta Casablanca, wanda ta yi tunanin ya gurɓata birnin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wansi |first=Benoit-Ivan |date=2022-10-27 |title=MOROCCO: taxed as polluters, "koutchis" banned from circulation in Casablanca |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/morocco-taxed-as-polluters-koutchis-banned-from-circulation-in-casablanca/ |access-date=2022-12-04 |website=Afrik 21 |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204080503/https://www.afrik21.africa/en/morocco-taxed-as-polluters-koutchis-banned-from-circulation-in-casablanca/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A lokacin mulkin Rmili, an ajiye ruwan sha na tsawon awanni 24 duk da jita-jitar cewa za a rage shi kowace rana daga karfe 23:00 zuwa 08:00. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2022 |title=Coupures d'eau à Casablanca : La commune dément |url=https://lematin.ma/express/2022/coupures-deau-casablanca-commune-dement/378940.html |access-date=2022-12-04 |website=[[Le Matin (Morocco)|Le Matin]] |language=fr}}</ref> An tilasta wa Nabila Rmili rage tallafin da ƙananan hukumomi ke bai wa ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na Casablanca kamar Raja ko [[Wydad AC|Wydad]] a shekarar kuɗi ta 2023, yayin da Vali na Casablanca Settat [[Said Ahmidouche]] ta yi zargin cewa akwai matsalar tattalin arziki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nabila Rmili contrainte de réduire le budget du WAC et du Raja |url=https://lematin.ma/express/2022/nabila-rmili-contrainte-reduire-budget-wac-raja/383211.html |access-date=2022-12-04 |website=[[Le Matin (Morocco)|Le Matin]] |language=fr}}</ref> Bayan rikicin da ya faru kafin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa tsakanin Raja da Al Ahly na Masar, ta yanke shawarar komawa kan siyar da tikitin ta yanar gizo domin bai wa magoya bayan ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa biyu masu hamayya da juna Raja da Wydad damar siyan tikitin su daban-daban ba a wuri ɗaya ba, shawarar da al'ummar ƙwallon ƙafa suka yaba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Echabouch |first=Elmahdi |title=Casa Events Under Fire After Football Games Organization Flaws |url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2022/04/348585/casa-events-under-fire-after-football-games-organization-flaws |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=[[Morocco World News]] |language=en}}</ref> A wata mai zuwa, ta kuma sanar da gina sabon filin wasa, wanda ya fi na Stade Mohhamed V na yanzu girma. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=6 May 2022 |title=Casablanca aura un nouveau stade de 100 000 places |url=https://www.bladi.net/casablanca-stade,92938.html |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=bladinet |language=fr}}</ref> Da take magana game da na ƙarshe, ta yi tunanin cewa filin wasan yana haifar da damuwa ga mutanen da ke maƙwabtaka da wurin da yake a cikin unguwar Maarif. <ref name=":2" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tana da aure da Taoufik Kamil, wani memba na RNI kuma mataimaki a Majalisar Dokokin Morocco <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nabila Rmili-Taoufik Kamil, le power couple à la tête de Casablanca |url=https://telquel.ma/2021/09/22/nabila-rmili-taoufik-kamil-le-power-couple-a-la-tete-de-casablanca_1737579?fbrefresh=4 |access-date=2021-09-27 |website=Telquel.ma |language=fr}}</ref> wacce take da 'ya'ya biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nabila Rmili succède à Khalid Aït Taleb à la tête du ministère de la Santé |url=https://telquel.ma/2021/10/07/gouvernement-nabila-rmili-rni-succede-a-khalid-ait-taleb-a-la-tete-du-ministere-de-la-sante_1739436?fbrefresh=5 |access-date=2021-10-08 |website=Telquel.ma |language=fr}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] eo5akr006iuzvg6kz9g4nwnqumekviw 0 143641 842908 804723 2026-05-30T02:10:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842908 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Muriel Byck''' (4 ga Yuni 1918 - 23 ga Mayu 1944) wakiliya ce ta ƙungiyar ɓoyayyun ayyukan musamman ta [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] (SOE) a Faransa a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Ta mutu sakamakon [[Sanƙarau|cutar sankarau]] . == Rayuwa ta farko == Muriel Tamara Byck 'yar Yahudawan Faransa ce, Luba Basia (ɗan Golinska) da Jacques Itzko Byck, waɗanda dukkansu suka ɗauki ƙasar Burtaniya. An haife ta a Landan. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Fayil ɗinta na SOE ya nuna cewa daga 1923 zuwa 1924 ta zauna tare da iyalinta a [[Wiesbaden]], [[Jamus]] . Iyalan sun ƙaura zuwa Faransa a 1926 yayin da take makaranta a Lycee de Jeunes Filles, St Germain, Faransa, kafin ta koma Ingila a 1930 yayin da Byck ta halarci Lycee Francais a Kensington, London, SW7, inda ta yi karatun digiri a shekarar 1935 sannan ta ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Lille . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Muriel Byck |url=https://www.jewishlivesproject.com/profiles/muriel-byck |access-date=2026-03-06 |archive-date=2019-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011115300/https://www.jewishlivesproject.com/profiles/muriel-byck |url-status=dead }}</ref> Byck ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare daga 1936 zuwa 1938 a Landan kafin ta zama Mataimakiyar Manajan Matsayi a Gate Theatre a 1937. A lokacin barkewar yaƙi, ta shiga [[Kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross da Red Crescent ta kasa da kasa|Red Cross]] a matsayin ma'aikaciyar sa kai da kuma WVS . Ta koma Torquay a 1941 inda ta yi aiki a matsayin Magatakardar Rijistar Ƙasa kuma ta kasance Mai Kula da ARP . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2018)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Manufar WAAF da SOE == Muriel ta shiga WAAF a watan Disamba 1942 a matsayin ma'aikacin Janar na Ayyuka (lambar sabis 2071428) ) tana aiki a ofishin adana bayanai, daga baya aka ƙara mata matsayi zuwa matsayin jami'in sashe . Yayin da take jin [[Faransanci]] mai kyau, an ɗauke ta aiki a SOE a shekarar 1943. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2020)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Ta fara horo na farko a watan Satumba na 1943 a Winterfold House, Cranleigh, a Surrey . Daga nan ta ci gaba da horon para-soja a Meoble Lodge, Morar, Invernesshire har zuwa Oktoba da kuma horar da masu aiki mara waya a Thame Park, Oxfordshire a watan Nuwamba da Disamba na 1943. Shugaban adawa na Faransa Philippe de Vomécourt ne ya zaɓe ta don ta zama mai aiki mara waya. Malaman SOE sun ba Byck maki 'matsakaici' a matsayin Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa, amma sun sami maki mai zurfi (takwas cikin tara), da kuma maki mai girma a Morse da Mechanical Aptitude. Malaman sun bayyana ta a cikin fayil ɗin SOE ɗinta a matsayin:<blockquote>Yarinya mai natsuwa, mai haske, mai kyau, mai himma, mai himma da wayo. Mai hankali amma ba mai amfani ba ne amma har yanzu ba ta da hangen nesa da cikakken bayani. Duk da haka, tana da son kai, mai zaman kanta kuma mai dagewa, kuma tana jin daɗin yadda take ji ga wasu... yarinya mai babban alkawari wacce za ta buƙaci horo mai yawa don taimaka mata ta shawo kan rashin ƙwarewarta, rashin sanin ainihin abin da aikin ya ƙunsa da kuma rashin girman kai. Halinta zai yi kama da ya dace da aiki a matsayin mai aika saƙo, ko kuma wataƙila farfaganda.</blockquote>Bayan an dakatar da yunƙurin tashi daga filin jirgin sama na Tempsford sau uku, Byck ya yi parachute zuwa Faransa a daren 8/9 ga Afrilu 1944 tare da wasu jami'an SOE guda uku: Kyaftin Stanisław Makowski, Kyaftin C. Sydney Hudson - wanda shine kwamandanta har zuwa lokacin da de Vomecourt ta isa ta jirgin sama - da Kyaftin GD Jones. Ta yi aiki a cibiyar sadarwa ta SOE Ventriloquist (ko da'ira) a matsayin mai aiki da mara waya kuma ta horar da duk wani mai aiki da mara waya da aka ɗauka a gida da kuma sanar da London game da waɗannan sabbin ma'aikata don a ba su sunayen lambobi da matsayinsu. An kuma ba Byck aikin kafa akwatunan aika saƙo don tuntuɓar idan watsawa mara waya ta lalace. Sunan lambarta shine Violette . [1] Byck ta sauka a wani gida mai aminci a garin Salbris mallakar Antoine Vincent, ɗan Faransa mai rajin kare haƙƙin jama'a. Ta mayar da saƙonninta zuwa Ingila daga wani rumfa da ke bayan gareji a Limoges inda manyan motoci da motoci na Jamus ke shigowa don gyara. <ref>Liane Jones, ''A Quiet Courage: Women Agents in the French Resistance'', London, Transworld Publishers Ltd, 1990. {{ISBN|0-593-01663-7}}</ref> A wannan wurin, ta tayar da zargin wani sojan Jamus, amma lokacin da 'yan sandan Gestapo na yankin suka dawo Byck ya koma wani sabon wuri. Ta canza labarin murfinta, tana yin kamar sakatariyar Paris tana hutun rashin lafiya; don ɓoye ayyukanta na dare tana aika saƙonni zuwa London, ta ce dole ne ta sha magani bayan 'yan awanni har ma da dare. Daga baya ta sake komawa gidan wani maƙeri a Vernou. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2011)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1918]] omm1wgjctxfak3womz6zvplf5h3nrum 0 144029 842677 836566 2026-05-29T18:33:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842677 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Michal Rovner''' (Ibraniyawa; an haife ta a shekara ta 1957), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Artists: Michal Rovner (Hammer) |url=https://museum.imj.org.il/artcenter/newsite/en/?artist=Rovner,%20Michal&list=R |access-date=2020-03-10 |website=Information Center for Israeli Art, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem}}</ref> wanda aka fi sani da '''Michal Rovner Hammer''', 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta zamani ta Isra'ila, an san ta da bidiyonta, hoto, da zane-zane na fim. Rovner sananne ne a duniya tare da nune-nunen a manyan gidajen tarihi, gami da Louvre (2011) da Whitney Museum of American Art (2002). Ita ce mai karɓar Kyautar Isra'ila ta shekara ta 2023 a fagen zane-zane.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michal Rovner on Israel prize website |url=https://israel-prize.education.gov.il/israel-prize-recipients/pras-israel-catalog/michal-rovner/#p_f9136b35-42c9-4cbf-980e-fd42579b4b97 |access-date=2026-03-08 |archive-date=2025-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250323140957/https://israel-prize.education.gov.il/israel-prize-recipients/pras-israel-catalog/michal-rovner/#p_f9136b35-42c9-4cbf-980e-fd42579b4b97 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Michal Rovner a shekara ta 1957 a [[Tel Abib|Tel Aviv]], Isra'ila . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Michal Rovner Biography |url=http://www.artnet.com/artists/michal-rovner/biography |access-date=2020-03-10 |website=artnet.com}}</ref> Ta yi karatun Cinema / Talabijin, da Falsafa a Jami'ar Tel Aviv, sannan daga baya a Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Bezalel a [[Jerusalem|Urushalima]] a 1981, ta sami digiri na BFA a cikin Hoto da Fasaha a 1985.<ref name=":2" /> A shekara ta 1978, tare da mai zane Arie Hammer, ta kafa makarantar fasaha mai zaman kanta Camera Obscura School of Art a Tel Aviv, makarantar farko ta gari don masu daukar hoto. A shekara ta 2005, an rufe ''''Makarantar Fasaha ta Camera Obscura'''' saboda dalilai na kudi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Halkin |first=Talya |date=2005-10-05 |title=Tel Aviv arts schools battle over remains of Camera Obscura |url=https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Tel-Aviv-arts-schools-battle-over-remains-of-Camera-Obscura |access-date=2020-03-10 |website=[[The Jerusalem Post]] |issn=0792-822X}}</ref> Rovner ta raba lokacinta tsakanin zama a kan wani moshav a wajen Urushalima da zama a NYC. == Ayyukan fasaha == [[Fayil:Chatsworth_Gardens_-_geograph.org.uk_-_597366.jpg|thumb|Hoton "Makom," na Michal Rovner, Chatsworth Gardens]] Rovner ta ce game da aikinta a cikin 2016, "aikinta ba shi da alaƙa kai tsaye da tambayar Isra'ila da Palasdinawa. Yanayin da ke nuna rikici, tashin hankali, karyewa.. rauni. (...) Kullum ina farawa da gaskiya. Ina yin rikodin shi kuma daga baya, sannu a hankali, ina cire hoton gaskiyar, wanda ya zama mafi ƙyama, ya rasa ma'anarsa, sabili da haka ina kawo wani abu. "<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michal Rovner, Fields / Fields of Fire &#124; Festival d'Automne à Paris |url=http://www.festival-automne.com/michal-rovner-show23.html |access-date=2016-03-15 |website=Festival-automne.com}}</ref> A farkon shekarun 1990s, ta yi aiki tare da darektan Robert Frank a fina-finai biyu, One Hour-C"est Vrai (1990), fim na gwaji don talabijin na Faransa, da Last Supper (1992), wanda ta rubuta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michal Rovner : : Art & Design Artist Bio : AICF |url=http://www.aicf.org/artists/Michal-Rovner-A92/?did=4&action=list&url=%2Fartists%2Ffilm%2Fall-artists |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130705033727/http://www.aicf.org/artists/Michal-Rovner-A92/?did=4&action=list&url=/artists/film/all-artists |archive-date=2013-07-05 |access-date=2013-09-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Last Supper (1992) : Overview |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0104687/combined |access-date=2016-03-15 |website=IMDb.com}}</ref> A cikin jerin hotunan da ta yi a waje (1990-1991), "na shekaru biyu [Rovner] ta ɗauki hoton hutun Bedouin a cikin hamadar Isra'ila, sannan ta sake fasalin kowane hoto don ƙirƙirar bakan gizo, mai canza hoto na tsarin da aka ware a cikin wani wuri mara kyau. " Don jerin Decoy (1991), ta karkatar da hotunan [[Radar]] da sa ido don ƙirƙirar hotunan kungiyoyin mutane marasa tabbas. A cikin One-Person Game Against Nature (1992-93), ta sake karkatar da hotuna, a wannan lokacin nata hotunan mutane da ke iyo a cikin Tekun Gishiri. A cikin 1996, Rovner ya fara amfani da fim da bidiyo, yana ƙirƙirar ayyukan da ke nuna taron mutane ko dabbobi, kamar yadda yake a cikin Monoprints of Birds (1998). Duk da yake ta guje wa sharhi kai tsaye na siyasa a cikin aikinta, a cikin 1995-96 ta samar da shigarwa don iyakar Isra'ila da Lebanon waɗanda ke kan shingen lantarki da hasumiyoyin tsaro a cikin layin musayar wuta mai gudana. Wadannan sun hada da bidiyonta na Border (1996-97), inda ta yi ƙoƙari ta rarraba kuma ta haye iyaka daga Isra'ila zuwa Lebanon. Bidiyo ta Notes (2001) haɗin gwiwa ne tare da mawaƙa Philip Glass; Rovner ya yi amfani da hotuna na ƙungiyar mutane da ke tafiya a kan kusurwa mai laushi, kuma Glass ya kirkiro kiɗa da aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta wannan hoton motsi (an rubuta haɗin gwiwar su a cikin shirin 2003 Looking Glass). Time Left (2002), shigarwar bidiyo mai yawa wanda ya ƙunshi hotuna na layuka marasa iyaka na halittu marasa bambanci, shine tsakiya na tsakiya na tsakiyar aikinta a Whitney Museum of American Art a New York a 2002. Don nune-nunen In Stone, a PaceWildenstein a Birnin New York a shekara ta 2004, ta haɗu da siffofi da bidiyo ta hanyar nuna hotunan mutane a kan allunan dutse, ta ɓoye layin tsakanin hoto da rubutu. Rovner ya wakilci Isra'ila a bikin Venice Biennale na 50 a shekara ta 2003 kuma ya juya gidan Isra'ila ya zama daya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa a wannan shekarar. Michael Rush yana rubutawa a kan aikin Artnet ya ce "....Rovner ta kafofin watsa labarai ba kamar wani ba ne. Tana tsaye ita kaɗai a cikin hanya mai tsabta da fasaha ta haɗu da fasahar dijital don dacewa da nasa hangen nesa. Amfani da kayan aiki masu kyau ya sa ya zama kamar mafi santsi na marmara ko mafi kyawun fenti... " <ref>{{Cite web |title=Magazine features - Vindicated at Venice |url=http://www.artnet.com/Magazine/features/rush/rush7-9-03.asp |access-date=2016-03-15 |website=Artnet.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Michal Rovner, Against Order? Against Disorder?, 2003 « artintelligence |url=http://artintelligence.net/review/?p=233 |access-date=2016-03-15 |website=Artintelligence.net |archive-date=2012-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917071927/http://artintelligence.net/review/?p=233 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin fim din Fields of Fire (2005), hotunan Rovner na filayen mai a [[Kazakistan|Jamhuriyar Kazakhstan]] suna nuna ci gaba da rashin kwanciyar hankali na yankin a cibiyar binciken kasa da kasa. Living Landscape (2005), wani shafin-specific video bango a Yad Vashem a [[Jerusalem|Urushalima]], ya tsara wani shirin pre-WII footage na rawa, kiɗa, da kuma yau da kullun rayuwar Yahudawa na Turai.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Collection Online, Michal Rovner |url=http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/collections/collection-online/artists/bios/3812 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042738/http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/collections/collection-online/artists/bios/3812 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |access-date=2016-01-20 |website=Guggenheim Museum}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transcript of the John Tusa Interview with Michal Rovner |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/johntusainterview/rovner_transcript.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616141030/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/johntusainterview/rovner_transcript.shtml |archive-date=June 16, 2012 |access-date=July 4, 2013 |website=BBC Radio 3}}</ref> An kira shigarwar Rovner a cikin Louvre a cikin 2011 "Histories". Louvre ya zaɓi Rovner don nuni na Dare na lokacin bazara, kusa da ƙofar Pyramid wanda masanin gine-gine I.M. Pei ya tsara. Ra'ayin Rovner shine bincika jigogi na iyakokin jiki da tunani da kuma ainihi.[1][2] A cikin hunturu 2012 Rovner ya gabatar da "Topography" show a Pace Gallery, New York, ci gaba da muhalli da batun kimiyya.[3] Jerin ta na 2016 Night ya ɗauki mataki na baya daga wasu daga cikin waɗannan tambayoyin zamantakewa kuma "yana bincika kasancewar jackals masu tayar da hankali a kusa da gidanta, kwatanci ne ga na farko da ba za a iya fahimta ba wanda ke cikin kowannensu. "[4] Ayyukanta an haɗa su a cikin tarin kayan gargajiya na jama'a a duniya ciki har da na; Gidan Tarihi na Los Angeles County (LACMA), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michal Rovner {{!}} LACMA Collections |url=https://collections.lacma.org/node/153421 |access-date=2020-03-10 |website=collections.lacma.org |archive-date=2024-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241227232417/https://collections.lacma.org/node/153421 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gidan Tarihin zamani na San Francisco (SFMoMA), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Collection: Michal Rovner |url=https://www.sfmoma.org/artist/Michal_Rovner/ |access-date=2020-03-10 |website=sfmoma.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Gidan Tarihi na Metropolitan, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2002 |title=Collection: Michal Rovner |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search#!?q=Michal%20Rovner&perPage=20&sortBy=Relevance&offset=0&pageSize=0 |access-date=2020-03-10 |website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art}}</ref> Gidan Tarihi na zamani, Chicago (MCA Chicago), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michal Rovner |url=https://mcachicago.org/About/Who-We-Are/Artists/Michal-Rovner |access-date=2020-03-10 |website=MCA |language=en}}</ref> Gidan Tarihu na zamani (MoMA), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Michal Rovner. Outside. 1991 {{!}} MoMA |url=https://www.moma.org/collection/works/86050 |access-date=2020-03-10 |website=The Museum of Modern Art |language=en}}</ref> Gidan Tarihi na Tel Aviv, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pace/MacGill Gallery {{!}} Artist Biography |url=http://www.pacemacgill.com/biography.php?artist=Michal%2520Rovner |access-date=2016-03-05 |website=Pacemacgill.com}}</ref> Gidan Tarihon Fine Arts na San Francisco, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-05-13 |title=Field #2 - Michal Rovner |url=https://art.famsf.org/michal-rovner/field-2-2001100 |access-date=2020-03-11 |website=FAMSF Search the Collections |language=en}}</ref> Gidan Tarihana na Arewacin Carolina, [4] da Whitney Museum of American Art, da sauransu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Search collection: Tfila |url=https://ncartmuseum.org/art/detail/tfila |access-date=2020-03-11 |website=ncartmuseum.org |archive-date=2019-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928094647/https://ncartmuseum.org/art/detail/tfila |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Adama (Earth) |url=https://whitney.org/collection/works/15988 |access-date=2020-03-11 |website=whitney.org |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1957]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gqsj4k05n6ie107m9gf7zxftjk9wvew 0 144483 842919 828870 2026-05-30T04:19:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Myriam Dossou de Souza-D'Almeida''' (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga watan Mayu, 1967, a [[Lomé]]) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Togo wacce ta kasance Ministar Ci gaban Grassroots, Matasa, da Aikin Yi wa Matasa Aiki tun daga watan Oktoban 2020 a [[Government of Victoire Tomegah Dogbé|Gwamnatin Victoire Tomegah Dogbé]]. Ta ƙware a fannin inshora da sake inshora. === Ilimi === Myriam Dossou D'Almeida ta fara karatunta a Kwalejin Furotesta ta Lomé kuma ta sami digirinta na farko a shekarar 1985 a Makarantar Sakandare ta Tokoin da ke [[Lomé]]. <ref name="alome">{{Cite web |title=Myriam DOSSOU-D`ALMEIDA |url=http://www.alome.com/qui/profil.asp?id=122 |access-date=28 January 2023 |website=alome.com}}</ref> Ta fara karatun fannin harhaɗa magunguna a [[University of Reims-Champagne-Ardenne|Jami'ar Reims-Champagne-Ardenne]] amma ba ta kammala karatun digirinta ba. Daga nan ta koma harkar inshora ta shiga École nationale d'assurances (Paris), inda ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu a fannin Gudanar da Kasuwanci (MBA) a shekarar 2005. <ref name="matin">{{Cite web |last=Edem Pedanou |date=20 June 2019 |title=Myriam DOSSOU-D’ALMEIDA, the female face of Togolese dynamism |url=https://www.societecivilemedias.com/2019/06/20/togo-portrait-myriam-dossou-dalmeida-visage-feminin-dynamisme-togolais/ |access-date=28 January 2023 |website=Togo Matin}}</ref> Ta koyar a can daga shekarun 2008 zuwa 2014. <ref name="alome" /> Ta kuma kammala karatunta a Cibiyar Inshorar Afirka da ke [[Tunis]]. <ref name="first">{{Cite web |title=Myriam DOSSOU-D’ALMEIDA |url=https://www.togofirst.com/fr/trombinoscope/1510-6484-myriam-dossou-d-almeida |access-date=28 January 2023 |website=togofirst.com }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === Aikin inshora === A tsawon aikinta, De Souza-D'Almeida ta yi aiki a kamfanonin inshora da dama, ciki har da GTA-C2A [[IARD (company)|IARD]], dillalin Marsh France <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2020 |title=Myriam DOSSOU-d’ALMEIDA, the new face of Grassroots Development |url=https://focusinfos.tg/myriam-dossou-dalmeida-le-nouveau-visage-du-developpement-a-la-base/ |access-date=28 January 2023 |website=focusinfo.net}}</ref> da kuma [[New Inter-African Insurance Company|Sabon Kamfanin Inshorar Ƙasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya]]. <ref name="first"/> Daga nan ta koma sake inshora, musamman a AXA <ref name="matin"/> a sassan Afirka ta Kudu da Sahara da Maghreb. <ref name="alome"/> Daga baya ta zama Darakta Janar na Cibiyar Inshorar Lafiya ta Ƙasa (INAM) daga shekarun 2012 <ref name="breaking">{{Cite web |title=Government: Myriam Dossou d’Almeida in charge of Grassroots Development |url=https://togobreakingnews.info/gouvernement-myriam-dossou-d-almeida-au-developpement-a-la-base/?print=print |access-date=28 January 2022 |website=togobreakingnews.info}}</ref> ko 2013 <ref name="graph">{{Cite web |date=2 October 2020 |title=Togo: Myriam Dossou d’Almeida officially takes over Grassroots Development |url=https://lomegraph.com/myriam-dossou-dalmeida-prend-officiellement/ |access-date=28 January 2023 |website=lomegraph.com |archive-date=5 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605213003/https://lomegraph.com/myriam-dossou-dalmeida-prend-officiellement/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> zuwa 2020. A cikin waɗannan shekaru takwas, ta aiwatar da ayyuka da dama, ciki har da jami'o'i ga tsofaffi da kuma faɗaɗa inshorar lafiya ga mata, ɗalibai, da 'yan jarida. <ref name="breaking" /> An soki yadda take tafiyar da tattalin arzikin cibiyar bayan wani bincike da babban sufeton jihar ya yi, wanda ya tabbatar da rahotannin da aka samu daga binciken cikin gida a watan Disamba na shekarar 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 August 2021 |title=Togo, Public Finance Control: State Inspector General scrutinizes INAM management |url=https://www.27avril.com/blog/affaires/economie/togo-controle-des-finances-publiques-les-projecteurs-de-linspection-generale-detat-sur-la-gestion-de-linam |access-date=28 January 2023 |website=27avril.com}}</ref> An kuma zarge ta da kashe kuɗi sau biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 August 2021 |title=Revelation: Minister Myriam Dossou d’Almeida embroiled in double spending scandal |url=https://togotribune.com/news/revelation-la-ministre-myriam-dossou-dalmeida-au-coeur-dun-scandale-de-double-depense/ |access-date=28 January 2023 |website=togotribune.com |archive-date=3 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103003602/https://togotribune.com/news/revelation-la-ministre-myriam-dossou-dalmeida-au-coeur-dun-scandale-de-double-depense/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Aikin siyasa === Ta maye gurbin [[Victoire Tomegah Dogbé]] a matsayin Ministar Ci Gaba da Matasa ta Grassroots lokacin da ta zama firayim minista. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 October 2020 |title=Service handover at grassroots, crafts, and youth ministries |url=https://www.republiquetogolaise.com/politique/0210-4690-passation-de-services-a-la-base-l-artisanat-et-la-jeunesse |website=republiquetogolaise.com |access-date=9 March 2026 |archive-date=14 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214094623/https://www.republiquetogolaise.com/politique/0210-4690-passation-de-services-a-la-base-l-artisanat-et-la-jeunesse |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Togo: Who is Myriam Dossou-d'Almeida, the new Minister of Grassroots Development? |url=https://l-frii.com/togo-qui-est-myriam-dossou-d-almeida-le-nouveau-ministre-du-developpement-a-la-base/ |access-date=13 November 2023 |website=L-FRII}}</ref> Daga nan ta bar INAM <ref name="graph"/> ta kuma mai da hankali kan haɓaka kasuwancin matasa <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2022 |title=Togo: Enhanced visibility for young entrepreneurs by public media |url=https://matinlibre.com/togo/amp/2022/09/21/togo-visibilite-renforcee-des-jeunes-entrepreneurs-par-les-medias-publics/ |access-date=28 January 2023 |website=matinlibre.com |archive-date=3 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103050858/https://matinlibre.com/togo/amp/2022/09/21/togo-visibilite-renforcee-des-jeunes-entrepreneurs-par-les-medias-publics/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2022 |title=International Youth Day: Call for projects launched |url=https://www.lenouveaureporter.com/journee-internationale-de-la-jeunesse-un-appel-a-projet-lance/ |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Le nouveau Reporter}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 September 2022 |title=Togo: Myriam Dossou d'Almeida offers a 1 million FCFA grant to the young creator of RAFX |url=https://togoreveil.com/singlepost-togo---myriam-dossou-d-almeida-offre-une-enveloppe-d-1-million-fcfa-au-jeune-concepteur-de-la-rafx-31-4931 |access-date=28 January 2023 |website=togoreveil.com}}{{Dead link|date=March 2025}}</ref> da kuma yaƙi da shan muggan kwayoyi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Biscone Adzoyi |date=12 January 2023 |title=Combating drug and substance abuse: Government steps up efforts |url=https://elitedafrique.com/societe/lutte-contre-la-consommation-de-la-drogue-et-des-stupefiants-le-gouvernement-veut-intensifier-la-lutte/ |access-date=28 January 2023 |website=elitedafrique.com}}</ref> Wa'adinta ya ga ƙaruwa sosai a ƙirƙirar ƙananan kamfanoni a tsakanin matasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2022 |title=Togo: A record in micro-enterprise creation by young people in 2021 |url=https://www.atlanticinfos.com/index.php/economie/item/3715-togo-un-record-dans-la-creation-des-micro-entreprises-de-jeunes-en-2021 |access-date=28 January 2023 |website=atlanticinfos.com |archive-date=2 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202124718/https://www.atlanticinfos.com/index.php/economie/item/3715-togo-un-record-dans-la-creation-des-micro-entreprises-de-jeunes-en-2021 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1967]] 4j1mivxjee2gcbcza56d2amj35jl1ez 0 144614 843120 807311 2026-05-30T06:38:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Faristol.jpg|thumb|272x272px|Hukumar fassara tarihi a ofishin 'yan sanda na Vía Layetana da ke Barcelona.]] '''Victòria Pujolar Amat''' (26 ga Yuli 1921 - 24 ga Yuni 2017) 'yar fafutukar Republican ce ta Spain kuma memba ce a Jam'iyyar Haɗin Kan Gurguzu ta Catalonia . Duk da ramuwar gayya daga gwamnatin Franco, ta sha wahala, ta sha azaba, ɗaurin kurkuku da kuma ƙaura. Ta zauna a Faransa, Czechoslovakia da Romania . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021 |editor-last=Institut Català de les Dones. Gencat |title=100 anys del naixement de Victòria Pujolar Amat (2021). Orígens |url=http://dones.gencat.cat/ca/ambits/activitats/commemoracions/-100-anys-del-naixement-de-victoria-pujolar-i-amat/ |access-date=2022-05-01}}</ref> Ba ta taɓa daina gwagwarmayar siyasa ba kuma ita ce muryar farko a cikin Catalan a cikin Rediyon España Independiente, wanda aka fi sani da La Pirenaica, wanda ke [[Bukarest|Bucharest]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=4.1.2 La ràdio en català a l'exili {{!}} dones i noves tecnologies {{!}} codi lela |url=https://donestech.net/node/1567 |access-date=2018-10-21 |language=ca}}</ref> Ita ma 'yar wasa ce kuma mai zane. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 April 2018 |title=Victoria Pujolar Amat: Los colores de la resistencia |url=http://www.mataderomadrid.org/ficha/9267/victoria-pujolar-amat:-los-colores-de-la-resistencia.html |access-date=2018-10-21 |archive-date=2018-10-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181021112719/http://www.mataderomadrid.org/ficha/9267/victoria-pujolar-amat:-los-colores-de-la-resistencia.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |title=Mundo Obrero despide a Victoria Pujolar Amat, una de las camaradas que hicieron posible este periódico |url=http://www.mundoobrero.es/pl.php?id=7217 |journal=Mundo Obrero |language=es-es}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Victòria Pujolar Amat a Barcelona a kan 26 Yuli 1921 a cikin iyali mai ci gaba. Mahaifinta Joan Pujoar Marich ma'aikaci ne na Generalidad de Cataluña kuma mahaifiyarta Merè Amat Duran ta yi aiki a Registro Civil. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Qui és Victòria Pujolar Amat? |url=https://dones.gencat.cat/web/.content/03_ambits/activitats/exposicions/itinerants/cataleg/Victoria_Pujolar/Victoria-Pujolar-Exposicio.pdf}}</ref> Ta kasance mai son fasaha da wasanni tun tana yarinya. Ta halarci makarantar firamare a Mutua Escolar Blanquerna, da makarantar sakandare a Instituto Escuela de la La Barceloneta, Barcelona . == Yaƙin Basasa na Spain da Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu == Ta rayu a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Spain da kuma harin bam da aka kai wa Barcelona. A shekarar 1939, bayan da aka kayar da ɓangaren Republican a Yaƙin Basasa na Spain, matashiyar Victòria ta tafi gudun hijira tare da iyayenta a [[Toulouse]], Faransa. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, lokacin da yankin ke ƙarƙashin mamayar Jamus, an kama ta ba tare da takardu ba aka kuma tsare ta a sansanin fursunoni na Récébédou, a kudancin Toulouse. Ta sami nasarar tserewa daga sansanin tare da 'yar uwarta da mahaifiyarta. <ref name=":0"/> Pujolar ta shiga ƙungiyar matasa masu ra'ayin gurguzu ta Unified Socialist Youth (JSU) ta ƙungiyar ƙungiyoyin gurguzu ta Catalonia ( PSUC ) kuma a shekarar 1944 ta koma [[Barcelona]] don shiga ƙungiyar masu ra'ayin gurguzu. Ta sami aiki a matsayin edita a ƙamus na farko na Vox sannan daga baya a ɗakin zane na Edita Bruguera . An naɗa ta a matsayin sakatare janar na Joventut Socialista Unificada de Catalunya (JSUC). An ba ta sunan Anna kuma da kyawun bayyanarta a matsayin ''Chica del Eixample'' (matashiya daga Eixample), ta sami damar yin hulɗa da 'yan daba a cikin birnin. La'anar ta haifar da kama ta da kuma kama wasu 'yan bindiga, daga cikinsu akwai ɗan daba Francesc Serrat Pujolar Sisquet, shugaban JSU, wanda daga baya aka harbe shi. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Borràs |first=Xavier |date=22 October 2018 |title=Olot recordarà el maquisard Francesc Serrat amb una placa al carrer on va néixer |url=https://www.naciodigital.cat/garrotxa/noticia/18684/olot/recordara/maquisard/francesc/serrat/amb/placa/al/carrer/va/ixer |journal=Diari Digital Garrotxa.cat}}</ref> An kai ta zuwa ɗakunan ajiya na ofishin 'yan sanda na Vía Layetana, 'yan'uwa Vicente da Antonio Juan Creix, 'yan sanda masu mugunta na <nowiki><i id="mwUA">Brigada Político-Social</i></nowiki>, suka yi mata tambayoyi, suka wulaƙanta ta kuma azabtar da ita ƙarƙashin umarnin Kwamishina Eduardo Quintela. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Theros |first=Xavier |date=2012-08-14 |title=La casa de los horrores |url=https://elpais.com/ccaa/2012/08/13/catalunya/1344888537_227502.html |journal=El País |language=es-es |location=Madrid |issn=1134-6582}}</ref> An tsare ta a [[:es:Prisión de Les Corts|gidan yarin mata na Les Corts]] fiye da shekara guda tana jiran shari'a, Pujolar ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a tsakanin fursunonin, tana haɓaka ayyukan wasanni da kuma zama kyaftin na ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta gidan yarin. Ta kuma zana wasu wasannin kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo da 'yan mata suka shirya don bukukuwa na musamman. Lokacin Victoria a gidan yarin ya yi daidai da 'yan gurguzu [[Tomasa Cuevas]], [[Isabel Vicente|Isabel Vicente García]], [[Angela Ramis]] da kuma [[Adelaida ta ƙunshi Izquierdo|Adelaida Abarca Izquierdo]] da aka haifa a Madrid wacce ta kasance 'yar shekara 20 a cikin ƙungiyar Las Trece Rosas, an yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru 20 a gidan yari maimakon kisa saboda ƙuruciyarta. Godiya ga ƙwarewarta ta ƙungiya, Abarca ta zama fursuna mai aminci kuma ta yi amfani da hukuncin da aka yanke mata don yin aiki a ofishin gidan yarin. Ta yi amfani da wasiƙu, fayiloli da bayanai, don sauƙaƙe tserewar Victoria Pujolar tare da hulɗar da suka yi da membobin jam'iyyar a ciki da wajen gidan yarin. Pujolar ta sami damar tserewa, a lokacin da aka mayar da ita Madrid don a yi [[Kotun soji ta Drumhead|mata shari'a a kotu]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cronologia {{!}} Presó de les Corts |url=http://www.presodelescorts.org/ca/cronologia/1946 |access-date=2018-10-24}}</ref> Jim kaɗan bayan haka, Adelaida Abarca da Ángela Ramis su ma sun tsere daga kurkukun. == Fita == [[Fayil:Victoria_belle.jpg|left|thumb|211x211px|Victòria Pujolar Amat a cikin hoto na Francisco Boix a cikin 1947]] Tare da haɗin gwiwar abokai da iyalai, Pujolar ta sami nasarar ketare kan iyakar Faransa ta isa gidan iyayenta a Toulouse. A shekarar 1947, ta haɗu da ɗan jarida kuma shugaban kwaminisanci Federico Melchor Fernández, wanda ya dawo daga gudun hijira a [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]], kuma suka yi aure suka haifi 'ya'ya huɗu. Ma'auratan sun zauna a birnin Paris lokacin da gwamnatin Faransa ta kori dukkan shugabannin kwaminisanci na ƙasashen waje daga ƙasar, sakamakon [[Cold War|yaƙin cacar baka]] . Sun yanke shawarar yin ƙaura zuwa [[Prag|Prague]], inda suka haɗu da Teresa Pàmies . Daga baya, an kira Federico Melchor zuwa [[Bukarest|Bucharest]] da ke Romania don ya jagoranci Radio España Independiente (REI) kuma a can suka haɗu da ƙungiyar Catalan, ciki har da Josep Bonifaci i Mora da daga baya Jordi Solé Tura . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Casademont Comas |first=Emili |date=13 December 2009 |title=En Solé Tura, el de la Pirenaica |journal=Diari de Girona}}</ref> Emili Vilaseca, wacce ke kula da watsa shirye-shiryen REI a cikin harshen Catalan, ta ba Pujolar shawarar ta yi gwajin murya, don haka ta zama mace ta farko da ta yi shela. Ta yi wa masu sauraron Radio Pirenaica a ɓoye a cikin Catalan, a ƙarƙashin laƙabin Montserrat Canigó, aikin da ta yi na tsawon shekaru da nazarin zane da fasaha a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Nicolae Grigorescu . == Komawa Spain == A cikin 1966 dangin sun koma Paris kuma Pujolar sun haɗu tare da [[Dolores Ibárruri|Dolores Ibarruri]] da Irene Falcón a ''Mujeres Españolas Antifascistas'' kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai zane-zane da zane-zane a kan ma'aikatan edita na Mundo Obrero har zuwa 1974. <ref name=":0"/> Mutuwar tsohon shugaban mulkin kama karya na Spain Francisco Franco ta bude hanyar sauya sheka zuwa dimokuradiyya a Spain . Halatta Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Spain (PCE) ta ba wa ma'auratan damar komawa Madrid. Federico Melchor ya ci gaba da kula da mujallar Mundo Obrero kuma ya kasance memba na kwamitin zartarwa na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Spain har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1985. Pujolar ta sadaukar da kanta ga zane-zane kuma ta gudanar da nune-nunen baya-bayan nan guda uku, a Paris a 1992, a Sala Blanquerna a Madrid a 2002 da kuma a dakin karatu na Francesca Bonnemaison a Barcelona a 2005. [1] Victòria Pujolar Amat ta mutu a [[Madrid]] a ranar 24 ga Yuni 2017, tana da shekaru 95. == Amincewa da tunawa == A shekarar 2016, ɗan Pujolar, Jorge Amat, wani mai shirya fina-finai ɗan ƙasar Faransa, ya sadaukar da shirin fim ɗin ''La memoria rota'' (Broken Memory) a gare ta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=La Resistencia - La Memoria rota- (Cineteca) Documental de Jorge Amat - Cerca amb Google |url=https://www.google.com/search?q=la+memoria+rota+jorge+amat |access-date=2018-10-22 |language=ca}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Cibiyar Mata ta Catalan ta tallata bikin tunawa da cika shekaru 100 na haihuwar Pujolar, wanda Gwamnatin Generalitat de Catalunya ta tallafa masa, gami da buga wani littafi na tarihin rayuwa da kuma nune-nune daban-daban. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021 |editor-last=L'Institut Català de les Dones. Generalitat de Catalunya |title=100 anys del naixement de Victòria Pujolar Amat (2021). Materialsː Dossier |url=http://dones.gencat.cat/ca/ambits/activitats/commemoracions/-100-anys-del-naixement-de-victoria-pujolar-i-amat/ |access-date=2022-05-01}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2022, an bude baje kolin ayyukanta na fasaha 'Victòria Pujolar Amat. Diari Íntim' a Gidauniyar Felícia Fuster da ke Barcelona, wanda masanin tarihin fasaha Esther Rodríguez Biosca ta shirya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Una exposició mostra el llegat artístic de la lluitadora antifeixista Victòria Pujolar Amat |url=https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/una-exposicio-mostra-el-llegat-artistic-de-la-lluitadora-antifeixista-victoria-pujolar-amat/ |access-date=2022-01-28}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-07-26 |editor-last=Europa Press |title=El Any Victòria Pujolar Amat contará con una biografía y una exposición itinerante |url=https://www.europapress.es/catalunya/noticia-any-victoria-pujolar-amat-contara-biografia-exposicion-itinerante-20210726180841.html |access-date=2022-05-01}}</ref> 'Yar jarida Elvira Altés ta shirya nunin "Qui és Victòria Pujolar Amat?". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Qui és Victòria Pujolar Amat? |url=http://dones.gencat.cat/ca/ambits/activitats/exposicions/victoria-pujolar-amat/ |access-date=2022-08-13 |website=Institut Català de les Dones |language=ca-ES}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2017]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1921]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bsdrqsrvxowedbybseerxlev0ir9jv8 0 144993 842766 808391 2026-05-29T20:57:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842766 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mmekutmfon "Mfon" Essien''' (1967 - 14 ga Fabrairu, 2001) ya kasance mai daukar hoto [[Najeriya|Na Najeriya]]-Amurka. An haifi Mmekutmfon Essien a shekarar 1967 a [[Ikot Ekpene]], Najeriya, 'yar Adiaha Essien. Iyalinta sun yi hijira zuwa Amurka lokacin da take 'yar shekara biyu kuma an haife ta a Baltimore, Maryland . Ta kammala karatu tare da BA daga Jami'ar Jihar Morgan . A farkon shekarun 1990s, Essien ya koma Birnin New York don yin aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto na kayan ado don kantin sayar da kayayyaki ciki har da Vibe da People . Ta fara gabatar da zane-zane a Rush Arts a Chelsea a shekarar 1996. An gano Essien da ciwon nono na ƙarshe a cikin 1998 kuma an yi masa maganin mastectomy. A mayar da martani, ta kirkiro jerin hotunan kanta tsirara da ake kira The Amazon's New Clothes . An nuna wannan aikin a 2000 Dakar Biennale kuma biyu daga cikin hotuna sun kasance wani ɓangare na nune-nunen da aka ƙaddamar da hoton: Masu daukar hoto na Black na zamani, wanda aka buɗe ranar bayan mutuwarta a Gidan Tarihi na Brooklyn . [1][2] Essien ya mutu a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 2001 a Birnin New York . == Kyauta == A cikin 2018, [[Laylah Amatullah Barrayn]] da Adama Delphine Fawundu sun ƙaddamar da mujallar shekara-shekara ''Mfon: Mata masu daukar hoto na Afirka,'' wanda aka sanya masa suna don girmama Essien. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dazed |date=2017-11-15 |title=How Black women are making their mark on photography |url=https://www.dazeddigital.com/art-photography/article/38070/1/mfon-how-black-women-are-making-their-mark-on-photography |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=Dazed |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rogers |first=Fiona |date=2018-01-01 |title=MFON: Women Photographers of the African Diaspora |url=https://fire-cracker.org/2018/01/mfon-women-photographers-african-diaspora/ |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=Firecracker |language=en-GB }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-18 |title=MFON Celebrates the Work of Black Women Photographers |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/photography/article/women-photographers-african-diaspora |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=Photography |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2001]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1967]] bah62uwgkg7q9acy116bidksiavufve 0 145237 843248 809107 2026-05-30T08:16:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ndolenodji Alixe Naïmbaye''' 'yar siyasa ce ta Chadi. Ita ce shugaba ta jam'iyyar Action for the Republic, Development and Democracy (ARD) kuma Ministar Man Fetur, Ma'adanai da Geology a gwamnatin Chadi. Ta taɓa yin aiki a matsayin Ministar Hydrocarbons da Makamashi; Ministar Harkokin Ƙasa, Ci gaban Gidaje da Tsarin Birane; Sakatariyar Jiha na Kuɗi da Kasafin Kuɗi da Ministar Wasiku, Fasaha da Sadarwa. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Naïmbaye a Chadi kuma 'yar tsohon minista [[Mbaïlaou Naïmbaye Lossimian|Mbaïlaou Naïmbaye Lossimian ce]] [ [[:fr:Mbaïlaou Naïmbaye Lossimian|fr]] ]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-08 |title=Tchad: le président Déby nomme le premier gouvernement de la nouvelle République |url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20180508-tchad-deby-nomme-premier-gouvernent-nouvelle-republique |access-date=2025-11-13 |website=RFI |language=fr}}</ref> Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Polytechnic ta Hauts-de-France da Jami'ar Cergy-Pontoise, dukkansu a Faransa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=République du TCHAD - Ministère des Finances et du Budget - SALEH BOURMA ALI, Secrétaire d'État aux Finances et au Budget |url=https://finances.gouv.td/index.php/le-secretariat-d-etat/51-ndolenodji-d-alixe-naimbaye-secretaire-d-etat-aux-finances-et-au-budget |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=finances.gouv.td}}</ref> Tana da harsuna uku. <ref name=":2" /> Kafin shiga siyasa, Naïmbaye ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta Janar na Cibiyar Kasuwanci, Masana'antu, Noma, Ma'adanai da Sana'o'i (CCIAMA) ta Chadi. <ref name=":2"/> Ta kuma kasance Sakatariyar Sadarwa ta Ƙasa ta Ƙungiyar Mata Shugabannin Kasuwanci da 'Yan Kasuwa kuma Shugabar Kafa Ƙungiyar Tallafawa Bayanai da Sadarwa ta Kasuwanci a Chadi (APIC). <ref name=":2" /> A ranar 18 ga watan Yunin 2018, an naɗa Naïmbaye a matsayin Ministar Wasiku, Sabbin Fasaha, Bayanai da Sadarwa. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2025-02-07 |title=Politique : Ndolenodji Alixe Naïmbaye, l'une des figures politiques influentes au Tchad |url=https://hamama-media.com/politique/politique-ndolenodji-alixe-naimbaye-lune-des-figures-politiques-influentes-au-tchad/ |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=Hamama |language=fr-FR}}</ref> An maye gurbinta da minista mai riƙon ƙwarya [[Oumar Yaya Hissein]] a watan Janairun 2019, bayan "rikicin sha'awa". <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Chad: Telecom minister dismissed amid conflicts with acquaintances of the president's family |url=https://www.ecofinagency.com/telecom/1401-39510-chad-telecom-minister-dismissed-amid-conflicts-with-acquaintances-of-the-president-s-family |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=Ecofin Agency |language=en-gb}}</ref> An yi hasashe a cikin ''littafin Afirka'' cewa an kore ta daga aiki saboda korar wasu mutane daga Ma'aikatar waɗanda ke da alaƙa da [[Hinda Déby Itno]], matar shugaban ƙasar Chadi a lokacin. Ta koma gwamnati a shekarar 2020 a matsayin Sakatariyar Kuɗi da Kasafin Kuɗi ta Jiha. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2023-02-06 |title=Ndolenodji Alixe Naimbaye nommé nouveau Président-directeur général de l'ADETIC |url=https://tchadvision.com/ndolenodji-alixe-naimbaye-nomme-nouveau-president-directeur-general-de-ladetic/ |access-date=2025-11-13 |website=Tchad Vision |language=fr-FR}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga watan Oktoba, 2020, an zaɓi Naïmbaye a matsayin shugabar ƙasa ta jam'iyyar siyasa ta Action for the Republic, Development and Democracy (ARD). <ref name=":1"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ali |first=Golmem |title=Tchad : Ndolenodji Naïmbaye Alixe élue présidente nationale du parti ARD |url=https://www.alwihdainfo.com/Tchad-Ndolenodji-Naimbaye-Alixe-elue-presidente-nationale-du-parti-ARD_a95841.html |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=Alwihda Info - Actualités TCHAD, Afrique, International |language=fr}}</ref> [[Abdoulaye Mbodou Mbami]] ya yi takara ba tare da nasara ba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mahamat |first=Malick |title=Tchad : Abdoulaye Mbodou Mbami conteste l'élection de Naïmbaye Alixe à la tête de l'ARD |url=https://www.alwihdainfo.com/Tchad-Abdoulaye-Mbodou-Mbami-conteste-l-election-de-Naimbaye-Alixe-a-la-tete-de-l-ARD_a95858.html |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=Alwihda Info - Actualités TCHAD, Afrique, International |language=fr}}</ref> A Majalisar Soja ta wucin gadi, wacce ta mulki Chadi daga shekarun 2021 zuwa 2022 bayan mutuwar Shugaba [[Idriss Déby]], Naïmbaye ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Harkokin Filaye, Ci gaban Gidaje da Tsarin Birane daga ranar 9 ga watan Yuli 2022. <ref name=":1"/> <ref name=":3"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawane |first=Georges |title=N'Djamena : la ministre des Affaires foncières supervise les travaux préventifs face à la crue |url=https://www.alwihdainfo.com/N-Djamena-la-ministre-des-Affaires-foncieres-supervise-les-travaux-preventifs-face-a-la-crue_a117769.html |access-date=2025-11-13 |website=Alwihda Info - Actualités TCHAD, Afrique, International |language=fr}}</ref> [[Mahamat Assileck Halata]] ya gaje ta [ [[:fr:Mahamat Assileck Halata|fr]] ]. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A shekarar 2023, an naɗa Naïmbaye a matsayin Shugabar Hukumar Daraktocin Hukumar Fasahar Bayanai da Sadarwa ta Ƙasa (ADETIC). <ref name=":3"/> A ranar 27 ga watan Oktoba 2023, Shugaba [[Mahamat Déby Itno|Mahamat Idriss Déby]] ya naɗa Naïmbaye a matsayin Ministan Hydrocarbons da Makamashi, inda ya maye gurbin [[Djerassem Le Bemadjiel]] [ [[:fr:Djerassem Le Bemadjiel|fr]] ]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-27 |title=Tchad: les dessous du limogeage du ministre des Hydrocarbures et de l'Énergie |url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20231027-tchad-les-dessous-du-limogeage-du-ministre-des-hydrocarbures-et-de-l-%C3%A9nergie |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=RFI |language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-27 |title=Tchad : Ndolenodji Alixe Naïmbaye prend les rênes du ministère des hydrocarbures et de l'énergie |url=https://www.lepaystchad.com/32496/ |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=Journal Le Pays {{!}} Tchad |language=fr-FR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-28 |title=The Dismissal of Chad's Minister of Hydrocarbons and Energy |url=https://weafrica24.com/2023/10/28/the-dismissal-of-chads-minister-of-hydrocarbons-and-energy/ |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=weafrica24.com |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-08 |title=Minister's head rolls over failure of N'Djamena emergency electricity supply plan |url=https://www.africaintelligence.com/central-africa/2023/11/08/minister-s-head-rolls-over-failure-of-n-djamena-emergency-electricity-supply-plan,110085649-art |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=Africa Intelligence |language=en}}</ref> Naïmbaye ta hau kan mulki a hukumance a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-31 |title=Tchad : La nouvelle ministre des hydrocarbures officiellement installée dans ses fonctions. |url=https://tribuneechos.com/tchad-la-nouvelle-ministre-des-hydrocarbures-officiellement-installee-dans-ses-fonctions/ |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=Tribune Echos |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Yayin da Naïmbaye ke kan muƙamin, Chadi ta karɓi [[Central Africa Business Energy Forum|baƙuncin taron makamashin kasuwanci na Afirka ta Tsakiya]] (CABEF) a watan Nuwamba 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chad's capital N'Djamena hosting Central Africa Business Energy Forum Nov.8-10 |url=https://northafricapost.com/72788-chads-capital-ndjamena-hosting-central-africa-business-energy-forum-nov-8-10.html |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=The North Africa Post |language=en-US}}</ref> Naïmbaye ta ziyarci [[Beijing]], China, don ƙarfafa dangantakar ƙasashen biyu tsakanin Chadi da China, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kum |first=Peter |title=Tchad : La ministre du Pétrole, Ndolenodji Alixé Naïmbaye, en mission à Pékin explore de nouvelles opportunités d'investissement |url=https://www.alwihdainfo.com/Tchad-La-ministre-du-Petrole-Ndolenodji-Alixe-Naimbaye-en-mission-a-Pekin-explore-de-nouvelles-opportunites-d_a137421.html |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=Alwihda Info - Actualités TCHAD, Afrique, International |language=fr}}</ref> ta ziyarci Nijar don tattauna shimfiɗa bututun mai tsakanin Nijar, Chadi da Kamaru, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Arrivée à Niamey de la ministre Tchadienne du Pétrole, des Mines et de la Géologie : Les deux pays affichent leur volonté de relancer le projet pipeline Niger-Tchad-Cameroun – Le Sahel |url=https://www.lesahel.org/arrivee-a-niamey-de-la-ministre-tchadienne-du-petrole-des-mines-et-de-la-geologie-les-deux-pays-affichent-leur-volonte-de-relancer-le-projet-pipeline-niger-tchad-cameroun/ |access-date=2025-11-12 |language=fr-FR}}</ref> kuma ta gudanar da ziyarar aiki a wuraren mai da iskar gas na kamfanin Perenco da ke [[Douala]], Kamaru. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kum |first=Peter |title=Tchad : La Ministre du Pétrole en visite technique chez Perenco au Cameroun |url=https://www.alwihdainfo.com/Tchad-La-Ministre-du-Petrole-en-visite-technique-chez-Perenco-au-Cameroun_a143095.html |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=Alwihda Info - Actualités TCHAD, Afrique, International |language=fr}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga watan Mayu 2024, an naɗa Naïmbaye a matsayin Ministar Man Fetur, Ma'adanai da Geology. A watan Mayu 2025, ta jagoranci wata babbar tawaga zuwa [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]], Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-21 |title=Tchad – Pétrole : Vers une nouvelle convention de vente de brut à la raffinerie de Djermaya |url=https://traceinfos.fr/tchad-petrole-vers-une-nouvelle-convention-de-vente-de-brut-a-la-raffinerie-de-djermaya/ |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=TraceInfos |language=fr-FR |archive-date=2025-11-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251123225856/https://traceinfos.fr/tchad-petrole-vers-une-nouvelle-convention-de-vente-de-brut-a-la-raffinerie-de-djermaya/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Maris a 2025, ta sanar da sake fara ayyukanta a wurin mai na Belanga. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kum |first=Peter |title=Tchad : Relance de la production pétrolière à Belanga, un nouvel élan pour l'économie nationale |url=https://www.alwihdainfo.com/Tchad-Relance-de-la-production-petroliere-a-Belanga-un-nouvel-elan-pour-l-economie-nationale_a139408.html |access-date=2025-11-13 |website=Alwihda Info - Actualités TCHAD, Afrique, International |language=fr}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2025, ta gana da Ministan Makamashi, Ma'adanai na Burkinabe [[Yacouba Zabré Gouba]] kuma ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar fahimtar juna (MoU) "don haɓaka haɗin gwiwa a fannonin haƙar ma'adinai da ilimin ƙasa" tsakanin ƙasashe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Anyango |first=Anita |date=2025-07-29 |title=Burkina Faso, Chad forge strategic mining partnership |url=https://miningbusinessafrica.co.za/burkina-faso-chad-forge-strategic-mining-partnership/ |access-date=2025-11-13 |website=Mining Business Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Oktoba a 2025, ta sanar da ɗaukar matakin hana ayyukan haƙar ma'adinai ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a arewacin Chadi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-11 |title=Tchad/Tibesti: Ndolenodji Alixe Naimbaye veut restaurer |url=https://sahelactu.com/2025/10/11/ndolenodji-alixe-naimbaye-restaurer/ |access-date=2025-11-12 |language=fr-FR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-11 |title=Tchad/Tibesti: Ndolenodji Alixe Naimbaye veut restaurer l'autorité de l'État face à l'or illégal |url=https://aspa.africa/tchad-tibesti-ndolenodji-alixe-naimbaye-veut-restaurer-lautorite-de-letat-face-a-lor-illegal/ |access-date=2025-11-13 |website=Afro Sync Press Agency |language=fr-FR}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba a 2025, ta yi tattaunawa da Ministan Canjin Makamashi da Ci Gaba Mai Dorewa na Morocco Leila Benali, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-31 |title=Morocco, Chad Pledge to Boost Energy, Mining Cooperation |url=https://en.le7tv.ma/2025/10/31/morocco-chad-pledge-to-boost-energy-mining-cooperation/ |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=Le7tv.ma |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma ta halarci Babban Taron Haɗin Kan Kamfanin Sufuri na Kamaru (COTCO). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kum |first=Peter |title=Tchad-Cameroun : Le Tchad participe à l'assemblée générale de COTCO |url=https://www.alwihdainfo.com/Tchad-Cameroun-Le-Tchad-participe-a-l-assemblee-generale-de-COTCO_a143070.html |access-date=2025-11-12 |website=Alwihda Info - Actualités TCHAD, Afrique, International |language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-02 |title=La Ministre Ndolenodji Alixe participe à l'AG Mixte de COTCO à Douala |url=https://tribuneechos.com/la-ministre-ndolenodji-alixe-participe-a-lag-mixte-de-cotco-a-douala/ |access-date=2025-11-13 |website=Tribune Echos |language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1i4kugj5o0egu7l5fsbqnf2lejhkg7i 0 146265 843311 828962 2026-05-30T10:45:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843311 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nina M. Albert''' 'yar Amurka ce mai tsara birane, wadda ta yi aiki a matsayin mukaddashin mataimakiyar magajin gari kan tsare-tsare da ci gaban tattalin arziki na [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] tun daga shekarar 2023. Ta kasance kwamishinar Hukumar Gine-ginen Jama'a daga 2021 zuwa 2023. == Rayuwa == Albert ta sami digirin farko a fannin Injiniyan Injiniya daga Jami'ar Tufts . [1] Ta sami digirin Master a fannin Gudanar da Kasuwanci da kuma digirin Master a fannin Tsarin Birni da Yankuna daga Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Chapel Hill . [1] Albert ta yi aiki a matsayin laftanar farko kuma Jami'ar Gudanarwa ta Kamfanin Signal Corps na Amurka . Ta yi aiki a fannin raba kadarorin gwamnati, tattaunawar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnati da masu zaman kansu, farfaɗo da tattalin arziki, da ci gaba mai ɗorewa. <ref name=":1" /> A ƙarshen shekarun 2000, Albert ta yi aiki a matsayin manajan shirin Anacostia Waterfront inda ta kula da aikin sake ginawa na dala biliyan 1.3 a Washington DC, gami da shirin farfaɗo da ruwa mai fadin eka 2,800. <ref name=":1" /> Yayin da take aiki a Ma'aikatar Makamashi da Muhalli ta Gundumar, Albert ta jagoranci ƙira da haɓaka shirin samar da kuɗi na dala miliyan 250 wanda ya shafi masu kadarorin kasuwanci da na iyali da yawa. <ref name=":1" /> Albert ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar gidaje da wuraren ajiye motoci a Hukumar Sufuri ta Yankin Birnin Washington (WMATA), inda ta gudanar da fayil ɗin gidaje na dala biliyan da yawa. <ref name=":1" /> A shekarar 2021, an naɗa ta kwamishinar Hukumar Gine-ginen Jama'a (PBS). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Collins |first=Carol |date=2021-07-07 |title=GSA Names Nina Albert Public Buildings Service Commissioner |url=https://executivegov.com/2021/07/gsa-names-nina-albert-public-buildings-service-commissioner/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Executive Gov |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012005158/https://executivegov.com/2021/07/gsa-names-nina-albert-public-buildings-service-commissioner/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kula da harkokin kula da kadarorin ƙasa, ƙira, gini, hayar gidaje, gudanar da gine-gine da kuma zubar da kimanin murabba'in ƙafa miliyan 371 na sararin mallakar gwamnati da haya a faɗin Amurka da yankuna shida. Albert ta yanke shawara ta ƙarshe ta zaɓi Greenbelt, Maryland a matsayin wurin da za a gina hedikwatar [[Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI)|FBI]] ta gaba. Shawarar Albert ta yi watsi da shawarar da aka bayar daga kwamitin da ya ƙunshi jami'an GSA da FBI na aiki, wanda ya ba da shawarar cewa Springfield, Virginia ya kamata ta zama wurin da za a gina hedikwatar FBI ta gaba. Daraktan FBI Christopher Wray ya rubuta imel na ciki ga ma'aikatan FBI yana nuna damuwa cewa tsarin ya gurɓata da "rikicin sha'awa" na Albert a matsayin tsohon mataimakin shugaban WMATA, wanda zai amfana daga ƙarin masu hawa a tasha ta Greenbelt. <ref name="wapo-fbi" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-09 |title=FBI head cites a 'potential conflict of interest' in the selection process for a new headquarters |url=https://wtop.com/government/2023/11/fbi-head-cites-a-potential-conflict-of-interest-in-the-selection-process-for-a-new-headquarters/ |access-date=2023-11-16 |website=WTOP News |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Sanatocin Virginia Mark Warner da Tim Kaine, tare da Gwamnan Virginia Glenn Youngkin da kuma mambobi takwas na tawagar majalisar dokokin jihar, sun bayyana cewa tsarin zaben "ya lalace kuma ya lalace ba tare da wata matsala ba" kuma sun yi kira da a sauya shawarar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-09 |title=Statement of Virginia Leaders on Selection Process for New FBI HQ {{!}} U.S. Senator Tim Kaine of Virginia |url=https://www.kaine.senate.gov/press-releases/statement-of-virginia-leaders-on-selection-process-for-new-fbi-hq |access-date=2023-11-16 |website=www.kaine.senate.gov |language=en}}</ref> Masu goyon bayan shawarar, ciki har da Gwamnan Maryland Wes Moore da tsohon Shugaban Masu Rinjaye na Majalisar Steny Hoyer, tare da Shugaban GSA Robin Carnahan, sun kare sakamakon, kuma GSA ta buga wata takardar sanarwa mai shafuka shida da ke mayar da martani ga damuwar Wray, yayin da kuma suka lura cewa kwamitin da ke cikin GSA ya ba da shawarar wurin Greenbelt gaba ɗaya kuma ya ƙi wurin Springfield. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-10 |title=Amid fierce criticism, GSA defends and Md. leaders celebrate Greenbelt FBI HQ choice |url=https://wtop.com/prince-georges-county/2023/11/gsa-defends-greenbelt-decision-posts-letter-and-memos-addressing-complaints/ |access-date=2023-11-16 |website=WTOP News |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 2023, magajin garin Muriel Bowser ta naɗa Albert a matsayin mukaddashin mataimakin magajin gari na tsare-tsare da ci gaban tattalin arziki na [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mayor Bowser Announces Key Appointments {{!}} mayormb |url=https://mayor.dc.gov/release/mayor-bowser-announces-key-appointments-10a |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=mayor.dc.gov}}</ref> Ta maye gurbin [[John Falcicchio]] . <ref name=":2" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] qxligrtop98uo38v74srgfow4mq195l 0 146882 842490 836504 2026-05-29T14:50:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Alhaji|Hajah]] '''Masurai binti Haji Masri''' (an haife ta a ranar 26 ga Mayu 1965) jami'ar diflomasiyya ce 'yar ƙasar Brunei wadda ta zama wakiliyar dindindin a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (MDD) daga 2019 zuwa 2020, kuma babbar kwamishina a [[Bangladesh]] daga 2016 zuwa 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bangladesh |url=https://www.mfa.gov.bn/Pages/br_bangladesh.aspx |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=www.mfa.gov.bn}}</ref> == Ilimi == Masurai ta halarci Jami'ar Brunei Darussalam (UBD) daga 1985 zuwa 1989, inda ta yi digirin ta a fannin gudanarwa . <ref>name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2019-02-14 |title=NEW PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF BRUNEI DARUSSALAM PRESENTS CREDENTIALS TO THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF THE UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT GENEVA |url=https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/presentation-of-credentials/2019/02/new-permanent-representative-brunei-darussalam |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=www.ungeneva.org |language=en |archive-date=2023-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231115065606/https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/presentation-of-credentials/2019/02/new-permanent-representative-brunei-darussalam |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aikin diflomasiyya == Masurai ta fara aiki a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje da Ciniki (MOFAT) a shekarar 1989. Ta rike mukamai da dama a aikinta, ciki har da sakatare na farko a Babban Kwamitin Brunei Darussalam da ke [[Kanberra|Canberra]], Ostiraliya daga Disamba 2004 zuwa Yuli 2006; Mataimakiyar Shugabar Ofishin Jakadanci a Babban Kwamitin da ke Canberra daga Yuli 2006 zuwa Disamba 2007; da Sakatare na Biyu a Babban Kwamitin Brunei Darussalam da ke Landan, Ingila, daga Oktoba 1995 zuwa Oktoba 1998. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2019-02-14 |title=NEW PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF BRUNEI DARUSSALAM PRESENTS CREDENTIALS TO THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF THE UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT GENEVA |url=https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/presentation-of-credentials/2019/02/new-permanent-representative-brunei-darussalam |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=www.ungeneva.org |language=en |archive-date=2023-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231115065606/https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/presentation-of-credentials/2019/02/new-permanent-representative-brunei-darussalam |url-status=dead }}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/presentation-of-credentials/2019/02/new-permanent-representative-brunei-darussalam "NEW PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF BRUNEI DARUSSALAM PRESENTS CREDENTIALS TO THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF THE UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT GENEVA"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250410035147/https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/presentation-of-credentials/2019/02/new-permanent-representative-brunei-darussalam |date=2025-04-10 }}. ''www.ungeneva.org''. 14 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ta yi aiki a MOFAT daga Janairu 2013 zuwa Agusta 2016 a matsayin Babban Jami'in Ayyuka na Musamman a Sashen Taimakon Fasaha da kuma daga Disamba 2007 zuwa Janairu 2013 a matsayin Mataimakiyar Shugabar Sashen Ƙungiyoyin Ƙasa da Ƙasa. A ranar 11 ga Agusta, 2016, an naɗa Masurai a matsayin babban kwamishina a [[Bangladesh]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2019-01-03 |title=President thanks Italy, Brunei for providing support over Rohingya issue |url=https://today.thefinancialexpress.com.bd/metro-news/president-thanks-italy-brunei-for-providing-support-over-rohingya-issue-1546452820 |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=today.thefinancialexpress.com.bd |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga wata, [[Hassanal Bolkiah|Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah]] ya ba ta takardar shaidar naɗi a matsayin babban kwamishina a Bangladesh. <ref>{{Cite web |last=masri osman |date=2016-08-13 |title=MASRI_004 |url=http://www.infofoto.gov.bn/main.php?g2_itemId=538961 |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=www.infofoto.gov.bn |language=ms}}</ref> Ta maye gurbin Pengiran Abdul Haris a hukumance a matsayin babban kwamishina a Brunei a Bangladesh a ranar 4 ga Satumba, 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=High Commissioners |url=https://www.mfa.gov.bn/bangladesh-dhaka/SitePages/headofmission.aspx |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=High Commission of Brunei Darussalam in Dhaka, Bangladesh}}</ref> Daga Janairu zuwa Yuni 2017, ta zama shugabar ASEAN [[Dhaka]] Commettee (ADC). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017 |title=The Permanent Mission of Brunei Darussalam |url=https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Report-ACTC-Dhaka.pdf |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=asean.org |page=1}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Janairun 2019, wakilin da ya tafi ya gana da Shugaba Abdul Hamid a Bangabhaban da ke birnin. A cewar Joynal Abedin, Shugaban ya nuna godiyarsa ga Masurai saboda kammala wa'adin mulkinsa a Bangladesh cikin nasara. Bugu da ƙari, ya nuna godiyarsa ga jama'ar da suka goyi bayan Bangladesh a tarurruka daban-daban na ƙasa da ƙasa game da rikicin Rohingya . <ref name=":1"/> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-01-03 |title=Outgoing envoys of Italy, Brunei call on president |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/news/outgoing-envoys-italy-brunei-call-president-1682356 |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=www.thedailystar.net |language=en}}</ref> On 16 January 2019, [[Al-Muhtadee Billah|Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah]] held separate audiences with recently appointed Brunei Darussalam envoys. The audience featured the Permanent Representative of Brunei Darussalam to the United Nations in [[Geneva]], Masurai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-01-17 |title=Crown Prince grants audience to envoys |url=https://borneobulletin.com.bn/crown-prince-grants-audience-to-envoys-2/ |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711205610/https://borneobulletin.com.bn/crown-prince-grants-audience-to-envoys-2/ |archive-date=11 July 2022 |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=borneobulletin.com.bn}}</ref> On 14 February, Michael Møller, the director-general of the United Nations Office at Geneva, received her credentials from Masurai, the newly appointed Permanent Representative of Brunei Darussalam.<ref name=":0"/> Haris Othman, her replacement, was only named high commissioner to Bangladesh on 14 April.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-15 |title=Kurniakan watikah, terima tauliah pelantikan |url=https://www.jpm.gov.bn/Lists/Berita%20JPM%202019/NewDispForm.aspx?ID=98&ContentTypeId=0x01008A6187AABB335448925924F761C7B354 |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Prime Minister's Office |language=ms |archive-date=2024-09-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908152929/https://www.jpm.gov.bn/Lists/Berita%20JPM%202019/NewDispForm.aspx?ID=98&ContentTypeId=0x01008A6187AABB335448925924F761C7B354 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Yuli, a matsayinta na sabuwar wakiliyar Brunei Darussalam a hukumar IAEA, ta bai wa Mikhail Chudakov takardar shaidar kammala karatunta a hedikwatar kungiyar da [[Vienna|ke Vienna]], [[Austriya|Austria]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-22 |title=New Resident Representatives to the IAEA Presented Their Credentials |url=https://www.vindobona.org/article/new-resident-representatives-to-the-iaea-presented-their-credentials |access-date=2024-05-31 |website=www.vindobona.org |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Masurai sun yi aure kuma suna da 'ya'ya uku tare. <ref name=":0"/> == Manazarta == <references /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] lzu0baitush9isfnomc5acr48nf92w6 0 147034 842431 816442 2026-05-29T12:06:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842431 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mary A. Legere''' tsohuwar Laftanar Janar ce mai ritaya kuma tsohuwar Mataimakiyar Babban Hafsan Sojoji kan Leken Asiri (G-2) na Rundunar Sojojin Amurka . == Ayyukan soja == [[Fayil:Mary_A._Legere,_Reserve_Officer_Training_Corps.jpg|thumb]] Mary A. Legere, wacce ta shiga Sojoji a 1982 ta hanyar [[Reserve Officer Training Corps.|Rundunar Horar da Jami'an Tsaro.]] Legere ta halarci Jami'ar New Hampshire, inda ta sami digiri na farko a [[kimiyyar siyasa]] a shekarar 1982. An ba ta izini ta hanyar shirin horar da jami'an jami'ar Sojoji, sannan daga baya ta shiga rundunar Sojojin Sojoji. Ta ce da farko ta yi niyyar yin aiki na shekaru hudu, sannan ta sami aiki a cikin Ƙungiyar leken asiri ta Amurka ko Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-05-23 |title=Lt. Gen. Mary Legere '82 2013 Commencement Speech &#124; UNH Today |url=http://www.unh.edu/unhtoday/2013/05/lt-gen-mary-legere-82-2013-commencement-speech |access-date=2017-07-01 |website=Unh.edu |archive-date=2016-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609201558/http://www.unh.edu/unhtoday/2013/05/lt-gen-mary-legere-82-2013-commencement-speech |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ilimi na soja na gaba ya haɗa da Kwamandan Sojojin Amurka da Kwalejin Janar da Kwaleji ta Sojojin Sojojin Amirka, inda ta sami digiri na biyu a Kimiyya da Dabarun Soja, bi da bi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lieutenant General Mary A. Legere |url=http://www.dami.army.pentagon.mil/g2Docs/Z-Group/Legere,%20LTG%20Mary%20A.%20Apr12.pdf |access-date=2017-07-01 |website=Dami.army.pentagon.mil}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=U.S. General, UNH alum to speak at commencement – the New Hampshire – the University of New Hampshire's Student Newspaper |url=http://www.tnhonline.com/u-s-general-unh-alum-to-speak-at-commencement-1.3017311%23.UfdGsmQY1F8 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130730054054/http://www.tnhonline.com/u-s-general-unh-alum-to-speak-at-commencement-1.3017311%23.UfdGsmQY1F8 |archive-date=30 July 2013 |access-date=2 February 2022 |website=tnhonline.com}}</ref> Legere ya tashi a cikin matsayi, yana aiki a wasu mukamai masu leken asiri. Daga 1991 zuwa 2001, Ta kasance Kwamandan 312th Military Intelligence Battalion kuma daga 2002 zuwa 2004, ta kasance Kwamandan 501st Military Intelligence Brigade bayan haka ta yi aiki a wurare daban-daban a [[Koriya ta Kudu]] har zuwa 2008. Daga shekara ta 2008 zuwa shekara ta 2009, Brigadier Janar Legere ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Ma'aikata na Lantarki na Sojojin Kasa da Kasa - Iraki. Daga 2009 zuwa 2012, Manjo Janar Legere ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamandan Kwamandan Sojojin Amurka na leken asiri da tsaro (tallafin sojojin ga Ƙungiyar leken asiri ta Amurka). <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 November 2012 |title=Senior Army Intelligence Officer Speaks at DIAA Luncheon &#124; Article |url=https://www.army.mil/article/91545/Senior_Army_Intelligence_Officer_Speaks_at_DIAA_Luncheon/ |access-date=2017-07-01 |publisher=United States Army}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-10-16 |title=MG Mary A. Legere &#124; Article |url=https://www.army.mil/article/64363/ |access-date=2017-07-01 |publisher=United States Army}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Afrilu 2012, Legere ya sami ci gaba zuwa janar janar kuma ya zama Mataimakin Shugaban Ma'aikata na Lantarki (G-2) na Sojojin Amurka. Koyaya, lokacinta a matsayin G-2 ya kasance alama ce ta gardama lokacin da ta ba da umarnin sokewa da sake rubuta wani rahoto wanda ya soki tsarin bincike na DCGS na sojoji kuma a maimakon haka ya tura don sayen wani tsarin madadin da aka samar da shi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.benning.army.mil/mcoe/maneuverconference/presentation/PDF/MrPales.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130221192744/http://www.benning.army.mil/mcoe/maneuverconference/presentation/PDF/MrPales.pdf |archive-date=21 February 2013 |access-date=2013-07-30}}</ref><ref>[http://unh.edu/army/alumni/halloffame/12legere.pdf]{{Dead link|date=June 2017|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2014 Legere ta kasance babban mai fafatawa don jagorantar Hukumar leken asiri ta tsaro, babbar kungiyar leken asiri ga sojojin Amurka. Idan aka zaba kuma aka tabbatar da ita, da ita ce mace ta farko da ta jagoranci hukumar.[1] Duk da haka, ba ta sami matsayin ba. Legere ya yi ritaya a shekarar 2017 kuma ya shiga Accenture Federal Services a matsayin manajan darakta na bayanan sirri na kasa da na tsaro. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonexec.com/2017/05/accenture-federal-services-hires-lt-gen-mary-legere/|title=Accenture Federal Services Hires Lt. Gen. Mary Legere|website=Washingtonexec.com|date=9 May 2017|accessdate=2017-07-01}}</ref> She also serves as an Advisor of the nonprofit Military Cyber Professionals Association (MCPA).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://public.milcyber.org/leadership/advisors|title=Advisors of the MCPA|website=milcyber.org|accessdate=2018-05-31|archive-date=18 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418082142/http://public.milcyber.org/leadership/advisors|url-status=dead}}</ref>Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kungiyar masu sana'a ta yanar gizo ta Sojoji (MCPA). <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonexec.com/2017/05/accenture-federal-services-hires-lt-gen-mary-legere/|title=Accenture Federal Services Hires Lt. Gen. Mary Legere|website=Washingtonexec.com|date=9 May 2017|accessdate=2017-07-01}}</ref> She also serves as an Advisor of the nonprofit Military Cyber Professionals Association (MCPA).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://public.milcyber.org/leadership/advisors|title=Advisors of the MCPA|website=milcyber.org|accessdate=2018-05-31|archive-date=18 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418082142/http://public.milcyber.org/leadership/advisors|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] a36odhoye8xf0wgw49xnxzfpwzlqzrz 0 147104 842539 816304 2026-05-29T16:01:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842539 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}'''Maurine Neuberger-Solomon''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Maurine Neuberger''' (wanda aka haifa '''a Brown''' ; Janairu 9, 1907){{Spaced en dash}} Fabrairu 22, 2000) 'yar [[Ɗan siyasa|siyasa]] ce 'yar Amurka wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin sanata [[Tarayyar Amurka|a Amurka]] a Jihar [[Oregon]] daga Nuwamba 1960 zuwa Janairu 1967. Ita ce mace ta shida da aka zaba a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kuma mace ta goma da ta yi aiki a majalisar. Ita da mijinta, Richard L. Neuberger, ana ɗaukarsu a matsayin ƙungiyar farko ta mata da miji a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka. Zuwa yanzu, ita ce mace ɗaya tilo da aka zaɓa a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka daga Oregon. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Neuberger a Cloverdale, Tillamook County, Oregon . Ta halarci makarantun gwamnati, Kwalejin Ilimi ta Oregon da ke Monmouth, Oregon daga 1922 zuwa 1924, sannan ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin Fasaha . Ta kasance ɗalibiyar makarantar Delta Zeta . An zaɓe ta zuwa ƙungiyar girmamawa ta ƙasa ta Mortar Board a shekararta ta farko. Daga nan ta yi karatun digiri na biyu a Jami'ar California da ke Los Angeles daga 1936 zuwa 1937. Brown malami ne a makarantun gwamnati na Oregon tsakanin 1932 da 1944; a 1937, yayin da take koyarwa a wata makarantar sakandare ta Portland, ta haɗu da Richard L. Neuberger . Ma'auratan sun yi aure a 1945, bayan Neuberger ya kammala hidimarsa a [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . == Aikin siyasa == Maurine Neuberger ta shiga siyasa da kanta a shekarar 1950 lokacin da aka zaɓe ta a matsayin 'yar Majalisar Wakilai ta Jiha kuma ta yi aiki daga 1950 zuwa 1955. A shekarar 1952, lokacin da aka sake zaɓenta a Majalisar Jiha kuma aka sake zaɓen mijinta a Majalisar Dattawan Jiha, ta yi nasara da ƙuri'u fiye da mijinta.A wannan lokacin ita ma memba ce a kwamitin gudanarwa na Ƙungiyar Amurka ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. An zaɓe Richard a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a shekarar 1954. A shekarar 1960, Richard ya mutu sakamakon cutar kansa. Daga nan Maurine ta lashe zaɓe na musamman a ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, 1960, a matsayin 'yar takarar Democrat don cike gurbin da mutuwar mijinta ta haifar. Gwamna ya naɗa Hall S. Lusk a Majalisar Dattawa bayan rasuwar Richard. Bayan zaɓen, Maurine ta kammala sauran wa'adin Richard daga 9 ga Nuwamba, 1960, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 1961. A daidai lokacin zaɓen na musamman, ta lashe zaɓen gama gari na wa'adin da ya fara daga 3 ga Janairu, 1961, kuma ya ƙare a ranar 3 ga Janairu, 1967; ba ta kasance 'yar takarar sake tsayawa takara a 1966 ba. Wani labarin 1965 ya lura cewa Gwamna Mark Hatfield ya aika wa Sanata wasiƙu zuwa ga mai aurenta, '''Maurine Neuberger-Solomon''', da nufin sanya sake aurenta a 1964 ya zama matsala a yakin neman zaɓen 1966. Ayyukanta a gwamnati sun mayar da hankali kan batutuwan mabukaci, muhalli da lafiya, ciki har da ɗaukar nauyin ɗaya daga cikin kuɗaɗen farko da ke buƙatar lakabin gargaɗi a kan marufin sigari . ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' ya bayyana ta a shekarar 1964 a matsayin "mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mallaka na dogon lokaci". A shekarar 1961, Shugaba [[John F. Kennedy]] ya naɗa ta memba a Kwamitin Shugaban Ƙasa kan Matsayin Mata . A shekarar 1965-68, ita da [[Muriel Fox]] sun jagoranci ƙungiyar Mataimakiyar Shugaba Hubert Humphrey a wancan lokacin kan Manufofin Mata. <ref name="VFA">{{Cite web |title=Murial Fox VFA Fabulous Feminist |url=http://www.vfa.us/Muriel%20Fox.htm |access-date=2018-02-21 |publisher=Vfa.us |archive-date=2017-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326223838/http://www.vfa.us/Muriel%20Fox.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa daga baya == Maurine ta auri Philip Solomon MD, Farfesa a fannin tabin hankali a Makarantar Likitanci ta Harvard kuma Babban Likita a Asibitin Boston City, a ranar 11 ga Yuli, 1964, a [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] . Sun rabu a shekarar 1967. Bayan zamanta a Majalisar Dattawa, an ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin malamar harkokin masu saye da kuma matsayin mata, sannan kuma malamar gwamnatin Amurka a Jami'ar Boston, Cibiyar Nazarin Ci Gaban Radcliffe a [[Jami'ar Harvard]], da Kwalejin Reed . Ta kasance mazaunin Portland, Oregon, har zuwa rasuwarta a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, 2000, tana da shekaru 93, sakamakon matsalar ƙashi. An binne ta a makabartar Beth Israel da ke Portland, Oregon. == Duba kuma == * Mata a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1907]] [[Rukuni:Webarchive template wayback links]] joydqcrgcjvl1x7lxldxihl9f2r60mo 0 147161 842436 816644 2026-05-29T12:49:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mary Wanjugu Ngechu''' 'yar kasuwa ce ta Kenya kuma 'yar masana'antu ce. Ita ce manajan darakta na Line Plast Group, kamfanin masana'antu da ke [[Nairobi]], kuma mai kafawa da kuma mai kula da Gidauniyar TakaTaka Ni Mali, kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke mai da hankali kan gudanar da sharar gida da kuma shirye-shiryen tattalin arziki na zagaye.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-29 |title=Hard-edged entrepreneur believes success happens when one learns to hang on |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/news/gender/hard-edged-entrepreneur-believes-success-happens-when-one-learns-to-hang-on-246436 |access-date=2025-12-17 |website=Daily Nation |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=New information hub, app to aid in waste management |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2022-11-17-new-information-hub-app-to-aid-in-waste-management |access-date=2025-12-17 |website=The Star |language=en}}</ref> A shekara ta 2024, Shugaban Kenya [[William Ruto]] ya ba ta lambar yabo ta Moran na Order of the Burning Spear (MBS).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ntongai |first=Elijah |date=2024-12-16 |title=William Ruto Confers Burning Spear Award to Kenyan Industrialists Rajan Shah, Mary Ngechu - Tuko.co.ke |url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/business-economy/572578-william-ruto-confers-burning-spear-award-kenyan-industrialists-rajan-shah-mary-ngechu/ |access-date=2025-12-17 |website=www.tuko.co.ke |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Ngechu ta yi karatun injiniyan sadarwa a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Sadarwa ta Kenya daga 1994 zuwa 1996. Daga baya ta sami cancanta a fannin fasahar bayanai daga Jami'ar Aikin Gona da Fasaha ta Jomo Kenyatta tsakanin 2004 da 2006. Ta gudanar da horo na zartarwa a Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Strathmore tsakanin 2015 da 2016. A cikin 2019, ta kammala karatun kan layi a cikin kasuwanci da [[Jami'ar Harvard]] ta bayar ta hanyar edX . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Mary Ngechu: Social entrepreneur who values waste and wants it used to build circular economy |url=https://allianceforscience.org/blog/2023/06/mary-ngechu-social-entrepreneur-who-values-waste-and-wants-it-used-to-build-circular-economy/ |access-date=2025-12-17 |website=Alliance for Science |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ngechu ita ce jagora a Line Art Solutions Limited, kamfanin buga labels da ta kafa a shekara ta 2006. A cikin 2017, an nuna Ngechu a cikin wata kasida ta Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya game da hanyoyin da take amfani da su wajen bunkasa ƙwarewa da hada ma'aikata.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-09-18 |title=Kenyan woman entrepreneur breaking gender barriers in a manufacturing production floor through training {{!}} International Labour Organization |url=https://www.ilo.org/resource/article/kenyan-woman-entrepreneur-breaking-gender-barriers-manufacturing-production |access-date=2025-12-17 |website=www.ilo.org |language=en}}</ref> Ngechu ta jagoranci shirin Mata a Masana'antu a karkashin Kungiyar Masana'antun Kenya har zuwa Satumba 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Mary Ngechu: Making space for the next generation of women in manufacturing |url=https://africabusinesscommunities.com/features/column-mary-ngechu-making-space-for-the-next-generation-of-women-in-manufacturing/ |access-date=2025-12-29 |website= |archive-date=2022-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428060526/https://africabusinesscommunities.com/features/column-mary-ngechu-making-space-for-the-next-generation-of-women-in-manufacturing/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kuma shugabanci sashen MSME a Kenya Private Sector Alliance a 2022 kuma a matsayin memba na kwamitin Majalisar Kasuwancin Gabashin Afirka tun daga 2019. Har ila yau, ta kasance memba na kwamitin daraktoci na Kungiyar Kula da Ayyuka ta Kenya . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mary Ngechu |url=https://meaningful.business/team-member/mary-ngechu/ |access-date=2025-12-29 |website=Meaningful Business |language=en-GB}}</ref> A shekara ta 2024, an nada ta a matsayin jakada a kungiyar International Solid Waste Association . == Gidauniyar TTNM == Ngechu ya kafa Gidauniyar TakaTaka Ni Mali a cikin 2017, don mayar da hankali kan rarrabewar sharar gida, sake amfani, da hanyoyin tattalin arziki a [[Kenya]], TakaTakaNi Mali na nufin Sharar gida ce Dukiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Takataka ni mali |url=https://takanimali.org/about/ |access-date=2025-12-17 |website=takanimali.org}}</ref> A cikin 2022, kungiyar ta ƙaddamar da aikace-aikacen hannu don haɗa gidaje tare da masu tara sharar gida, masu tarawa, da masu sake amfani.[1] A cikin 2023, TTNM ta ƙaddamar da Ecoloop, tsarin sarrafa fasaha wanda aka tsara don inganta sarrafa sharar gida da inganta ayyukan tattalin arziki na zagaye a Kenya.[2] Ngechu ta shiga cikin ƙaddamar da jerin abubuwan da suka faru a Afirka, taron kula da sharar gida na yanki wanda aka shirya ta hanyar Gidauniyar TakaTaka Ni Mali da abokan tarayya. Ya haɗu da masu tsara manufofi, masu ruwa da tsaki na masana'antu, da masu yin muhalli don tattaunawa game da kula da sharar gida a [[Gabashin Afirka]].<ref name=":0"/> == Karramawa == * 2017: Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Kenya Mutumin Shekara, wanda ya zo na biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-02 |title=BOLD WOMAN: Mary Ngechu |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/women-style/bold-woman-mary-ngechu-19782 |access-date=2025-12-17 |website=Daily Nation |language=en}}</ref> * 2018: EY Gabashin Afirka Dan kasuwa na Shekara - Mata mai cin nasara. * 2019: Zuri Awards, Mata a cikin Masana'antu. * 2024: Moran na Order of the Burning Spear (MBS). == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] kv408tiartw20an1lpdzvpobvcvubzh 0 147257 842648 816985 2026-05-29T17:10:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842648 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Melchie Daëlle Dumornay (an haife ta a ranar 17 ga Agusta 2003), wacce aka fi sani da Corventina, [1] ƙwararriyar ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Haiti wadda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya ko kuma ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Premierère Ligue Lyon da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Haiti . A cikin wani labarin da aka buga a shafin yanar gizon Olympics na hukuma, an kira Dumornay da "wani abin mamaki" kuma "ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a duniya" [1] . == Aikin kulob == === Rayuwar Farko da AS Tigresses === An haifi Dumornay a Mirebalais, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Enock Néré |date=17 August 2018 |title=Melchie Daelle Dumornay, superstar à 15 ans |url=https://lenouvelliste.com/article/191537/melchie-daelle-dumornay-superstar-a-15-ans |access-date=6 March 2020 |website=lenouvelliste.com |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=Chéry |first=Onz |date=26 September 2020 |title=Melchie Dumornay, Haiti's piti soccer prodigy, kicks off biggest season yet |url=https://haitiantimes.com/2020/09/26/melchie-dumornay-haitis-piti-soccer-prodigy-kicks-off-biggest-season-yet/ |url-access=limited |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=[[The Haitian Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> inda uwa ɗaya tilo ta rene ta tare da 'yan uwanta uku da 'yan uwanta biyu. <ref name=":8" /> Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ta fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa tare da manyan yara maza a titunan garin, ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta farko, AS Mirebalais . <ref name=":8" /> Bayan ta gamsu da baiwar Dumornay, kocin ƙungiyar, Jean-Claude Josaphat, ya kawo ta Camp Nous, cibiyar horo mallakar ƙungiyar ga dukkan ƙungiyoyin matasa na ƙasar Haiti, lokacin tana da shekaru 10 kacal. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2022 |title=Haiti's Dumornay ranked best teenage soccer player worldwide |url=https://haitiantimes.com/2022/03/22/haitis-dumornay-ranked-best-young-woman-soccer-player-worldwide/ |url-access=limited |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=[[The Haitian Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":8" /> Shekaru kaɗan bayan haka, Dumornay ya koma ƙungiyar {{Interlanguage link|AS Tigresses|fr|Association sportive Tigresses}} ta ƙasar Haiti, inda ta fito daga jerin matasan 'yan wasa. <ref name=":8"/> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=26 August 2021 |title=Haiti soccer star Dumornay in talks to move to Europe |url=https://haitiantimes.com/2021/08/26/haiti-soccer-star-dumornay-in-talks-to-move-to-europe/ |url-access=limited |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=[[The Haitian Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> A wasan ƙarshe na Gasar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Mata ta Haiti ta 2018, ta zira dukkan kwallaye biyar da suka taimaka wa Tigresses ta yi nasara a kan Anacaona SC da ci 5-2 kuma ta lashe gasar ƙasa. <ref name=":8" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jephté |first=Pierre Caleb |date=26 December 2018 |title=Foot féminin - CHFF 2018: Une Corventina étincelante tient l'AS Tigresses sur le toit de la D1 |url=https://www.haititempo.com/foot-feminin-chff-2018-une-corventina-etincelante-tient-las-tigresses-sur-le-toit-de-la-d1/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=Haiti-Tempo |language=fr}}</ref> Bayan ta zira kwallaye 25 a wasanni tara, duk da cewa tana da shekaru 15 kacal, ta kuma zama babbar mai zira kwallaye a gasar kuma ta sami kyautar Mafi Kyawun 'Yan Wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jean |first=Douby |date=26 December 2018 |title=Foot Féminin: Melchie Daelle Dumornay meilleure buteuse ! |url=https://www.haititempo.com/foot-feminin-melchie-daelle-dumornay-meilleure-buteuse/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=Haiti-Tempo |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Jephté |first=Pierre Caleb |date=4 January 2019 |title=Foot Féminin : Melchie Daelle Dumornay, une ascension formidable en 2018 ! |url=https://www.haititempo.com/foot-feminin-melchie-daelle-dumornay-une-ascension-formidable-en-2018/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=Haiti-Tempo |language=fr}}</ref> A wannan shekarar, manajan Reims, Amandine Miquel, ya lura da Dumornay, yayin da take wasa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 a [[Faransa]], yayin da kungiyar ta ci gaba da nemanta. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Ruszkai |first=Ameé |date=22 March 2022 |title='Dumornay is going to be one of the best players in the world' - How the NXGN 2022 winner is starring in France after leaving Haiti |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/dumornay-best-players-world-nxgn-2022-winner-haiti-france/bltf0dd6539c600ad60 |access-date=26 February 2023 |website=[[Goal.com]]}}</ref> A halin yanzu, wata kungiyar Faransa Lyon ta ba ta damar gwada ta. <ref name=":8"/> <ref name=":9"/> <ref name=":3" /> Duk da haka, babu ɗayan ƙungiyoyin biyu da suka sami damar sayen 'yar wasan saboda matsayinta na ba [[Tarayyar Turai|na EU ba]] da kuma matsayinta [[Ƙananan (doka)|na ƙarami]] a lokacin, <ref name=":8" /> <ref name=":3" /> da kuma tasirin rikicin Haiti . <ref name=":3" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Azard |first=Marc Johnsen |date=20 February 2019 |title=Foot Féminin : La visite de la coach du Stade de Reims en Haïti, reportée ! |url=https://www.haititempo.com/foot-feminin-la-visite-damandine-miquel-en-haiti-reportee/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=Haiti-Tempo |language=fr}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2021, Dumornay ta kai wani wasan ƙarshe na gasar tare da Tigresses, duk da cewa ƙungiyar ta rasa kambun a hannun Exafoot: ta zura ƙwallo ɗaya tilo da ƙungiyar ta zura a wasan da suka sha kashi da ci 2-1. <ref name=":7"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jephté |first=Pierre Caleb |date=23 May 2021 |title=Foot Féminin - CHFF : L'Exafoot de Léôgane sacrée championne ! |url=https://www.haititempo.com/foot-feminin-chff-lexafoot-de-leogane-sacree-championne/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=Haiti-Tempo |language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 May 2021 |title=Léôgane Exafoot team crowned champions of women's soccer league |url=https://haitiantimes.com/2021/05/24/leogane-exafoot-team-crowned-champions-of-womens-soccer-league/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=The Haitian Times |language=en-US}}</ref> === Reims === Bayan ta jawo hankalin manyan ƙungiyoyi da dama a faɗin duniya, <ref name=":3"/> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Gunston |first=Jo |date=16 February 2023 |title=Haitian footballer Melchie Dumornay on her goals for life |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/haitian-footballer-melchie-dumornay-on-her-goals-for-life |access-date=26 February 2023 |website=[[IOC|Olympics]]}}</ref> a ranar 9 ga Satumba, 2021, Dumornay ta shiga Reims a hukumance kan yarjejeniyar dindindin, inda ta sanya hannu kan kwangilarta ta farko ta ƙwararru da ƙungiyar Faransa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 September 2021 |title=Melchie Dumornay est Rémoise ! |url=https://www.stade-de-reims.com/melchie-dumornay-est-remoise/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=[[Stade de Reims]] |language=fr-FR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jephté |first=Pierre Caleb |date=9 September 2021 |title=Foot Féminin - France : Melchie Daelle Dumornay rejoint officiellement le Stade de Reims ! |url=https://www.haititempo.com/foot-feminin-france-melchie-daelle-dumornay-rejoint-officiellement-le-stade-de-reims/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=Haiti-Tempo |language=fr}}</ref> A cikin wannan tsari, ta sake haɗuwa da wata 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Haiti Kethna Louis . <ref name=":3" /> <ref name=":4" /> A ranar 2 ga Oktoba na wannan shekarar, ta fara buga wasa a Reims, inda ta maye gurbinta a lokacin hutun rabin lokaci na wasan Féminine na Division 1 da Issy : a lokaci guda, ta taimaka wa Kessy ta taimaka mata ta ci 3-1. <ref name=":3"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jean |first=Douby |date=12 October 2021 |title=Foot - France : Melchie Daelle Dumornay dans le XI type de la 5e journée |url=https://www.haititempo.com/foot-france-melchie-daelle-dumornay-dans-le-xi-type-de-la-5e-journee/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=Haiti-Tempo |language=fr}}</ref> Mako guda bayan haka, a ranar 9 ga Oktoba, ta fara wasa a karon farko da Bordeaux, inda ta ci kwallaye biyu sannan ta taimaka mata ta ci 5-2. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jean |first=Douby |date=19 October 2021 |title=Foot Féminin - France : Melchie Daelle Dumornay encore dans le XI type de la semaine |url=https://www.haititempo.com/foot-feminin-france-melchie-daelle-dumornay-encore-dans-le-xi-type-de-la-semaine/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=Haiti-Tempo |language=fr}}</ref> A kakar wasa mai zuwa, an ba Dumornay kyautar ' yar wasan Féminine ta Division 1 a watan Disamba na 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2023 |title=Melchie Dumornay lauréate en décembre |url=https://www.fff.fr/article/9266-melchie-dumornay-laureate-en-decembre.html |access-date=26 February 2023 |website=[[French Football Federation|FFF]] |language=fr-FR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2023 |title=Melchie Dumornay, joueuse du mois de décembre - |url=https://www.unfp.org/2023/01/melchie-dumornay-joueuse-du-mois-de-decembre/ |access-date=26 February 2023 |website=[[Union Nationale des Footballeurs Professionnels|UNFP]] |language=fr-FR}}</ref> === Lyon === A ranar 16 ga Janairu 2023, an sanar da cewa Dumornay za ta shiga Lyon mai rike da kambun Féminine na Division 1 a kan yarjejeniyar dindindin daga ranar 1 ga Yuli 2023, yayin da ta sanya hannu kan kwangila har zuwa Yuni 2026 tare da kungiyar kan 25000 a kowane wata. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2023 |title=Melchie Dumornay à Lyon la saison prochaine |url=https://www.stade-de-reims.com/melchie-dumornay-lyon-la-saison-prochaine/ |access-date=26 February 2023 |website=[[Stade de Reims]] |language=fr-FR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2023 |title=Melchie Dumornay s'engage pour trois saisons à l'Olympique Lyonnais |url=https://www.ol.fr/fr/actualites/melchie-dumornay-s-engage-pour-trois-saisons-a-l-olympique-lyonnais |access-date=23 January 2023 |website=[[Olympique Lyonnais]] |language=fr-FR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Blaise |first=Juhakenson |date=18 January 2023 |title=Haitian soccer star Dumornay signs with French women's team |url=https://haitiantimes.com/2023/01/18/haitian-soccer-star-dumornay-signs-with-french-womens-team/ |url-access=limited |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=[[The Haitian Times]]}}</ref> A cikin kakar wasa biyu a Lyon, Dumornay ta taimaka wa kungiyar lashe kofuna biyu na lig, Coupe de France féminine, kuma ta kai wasan karshe na gasar zakarun mata a 2024. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == === Ƙungiyoyin matasa na ƙasa === Dumornay ya wakilci Haiti a matakai daban-daban na matasa a ƙasashen duniya. <ref name=":7"/> Bayan ta shiga gasar cin kofin 'yan mata ta CONCACAF ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 15 ta 2016, tana da shekaru 12 kacal, <ref name=":8"/> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2016 |title=Final 18-Player Rosters Announced for the CONCACAF Girls' Under-15 Championship 2016 |url=http://www.concacaf.com/article/final-18-player-rosters-announced-for-the-concacaf-girls-under-15-championship-2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811155409/http://www.concacaf.com/article/final-18-player-rosters-announced-for-the-concacaf-girls-under-15-championship-2016 |archive-date=2016-08-11 |access-date=2016-08-10 |website=[[CONCACAF]]}}</ref> ta shiga gasa uku daban-daban a duk tsawon shekarar 2018. Da farko, ta buga gasar cin kofin mata ta CONCACAF ta 2018, inda Haiti ta kare a matsayi na uku kuma ta zama kungiyar kasa ta farko [[Karibiyan|ta Caribbean]] da ta cancanci shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA 'yan kasa da shekaru 20. <ref name=":4"/> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2020 |title=NxGn 2020: The 10 best wonderkids in women's football |url=https://www.goal.com/en-om/lists/nxgn-2020-the-10-best-wonderkids-in-womens-football/2bg2g2ubjp591vd1lkjmzqvwa |access-date=26 February 2023 |website=[[Goal.com]]}}</ref> Na biyu, an kira ta zuwa gasar cin kofin mata ta CONCACAF ta 2018, inda ta taimaka wa kungiyar Haiti ta kai matsayi na hudu kuma ta lashe kyautar Golden Ball . <ref name=":8" /> <ref name=":1" /> <ref name="CONCACAF_2018">{{Cite web |date=12 June 2018 |title=TSG reveals CONCACAF Women's Under-17 Championship Awards |url=http://www.concacaf.com/en/under-17s-women/article/tsg-reveals-concacaf-women-s-under-17-championship-awards |website=[[CONCACAF]]}}</ref> A ƙarshe, a watan Agusta na wannan shekarar, an haɗa ta cikin tawagar Haiti da ta shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta 2018. <ref name=":3"/> A shekarar 2020, ta sake shiga gasar cin kofin mata ta CONCACAF ta 'yan kasa da shekara 20, inda daga karshe ta lashe kyautar Golden Boot, bayan ta zura kwallaye 14 a wasanni shida, <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=9 March 2021 |title=2020 Concacaf Women's Under-20 Championship individual awards |url=https://www.concacaf.com/en/under-20s-women/article/2020-concacaf-women-s-under-20-championship-individual-awards/ |access-date=26 February 2023 |website=[[CONCACAF]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2021 |title=Dumornay finally receives CONCACAF Golden Boot |url=https://haitiantimes.com/2021/04/27/dumornay-finally-receives-concacaf-golden-boot/ |url-access=limited |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=[[The Haitian Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> wani sabon tarihi a gasar. <ref name=":8"/> === Babbar ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Haiti === A ranar 29 ga Janairu 2020, Dumornay ta fara wasa a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Haiti, inda ta fara wasa kuma ta buga cikakken mintuna 90 a wasan share fage na neman shiga gasar Olympics da Amurka da ci 4-0. <ref>{{Cite web |title=United States vs. Haiti - 29 January 2020 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2020/01/29/nc-america/womens-olympic-qualifying-concacaf/united-states/haiti/3183890/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Afrilu 2022, ta zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka tashi 0-21 a kan Tsibirin Virgin na Burtaniya, a wasannin share fage na CONCACAF W Championship na 2022, wanda ya zama babbar nasara da ''Les Grenadières'' ta samu a wani wasa na kasa da kasa na hukuma. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 April 2022 |title=Haïti's women's team racks up biggest win ever with 21-0 bashing of BVI |url=https://haitiantimes.com/2022/04/11/haitis-womens-team-racks-up-biggest-win-ever-with-21-0-bashing-of-bvi/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=[[The Haitian Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2022, an haɗa ta cikin tawagar Haiti da ta shiga gasar CONCACAF W Championship a [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]] : <ref name="CONCACAFfinal">{{Cite web |date=29 June 2022 |title=2022 Concacaf W Championship final rosters announced |url=https://www.concacaf.com/women-s-championship/news/2022-concacaf-w-championship-final-rosters-announced/ |website=[[CONCACAF]]}}</ref> daga ƙarshe an naɗa ta a matsayin Mafi Kyawun Matashin Ɗan Wasa <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=19 July 2022 |title=Morgan, Grosso collect top honors at CWC |url=https://www.concacaf.com/women-s-championship/news/morgan-grosso-collect-top-honors-at-cwc/ |access-date=2 November 2022 |website=[[CONCACAF]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Blaise |first=Juhakenson |date=22 July 2022 |title=Haitian star Dumornay selected "best young player" at Concacaf |url=https://haitiantimes.com/2022/07/22/haitian-star-dumornay-selected-best-young-player-at-concacaf-/ |url-access=limited |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=[[The Haitian Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma an haɗa ta a cikin Mafi Kyawun 'Yan Wasa XI na gasar, <ref name="2022BestXI">{{Cite web |date=July 19, 2022 |title=Dumornay, Lavelle and Shaw headline CMU20 Best XI |url=https://www.concacaf.com/women-s-championship/news/dumornay-lavelle-and-shaw-headline-cwc22-best-xi/ |access-date=November 2, 2022 |website=[[CONCACAF]] |language=en}}</ref> bayan da ta taimaka wa Haiti ta cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 2023. <ref name=":4"/> A ranar 21 ga Fabrairu 2023, Dumornay ta zura kwallaye biyu a wasan karshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar tsakanin 'yan wasan da Chile, wanda hakan ya taimaka wa kasarta ta samu nasara da ci 2-1, sannan ta samu cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Blaise |first=Juhakenson |date=22 February 2023 |title=Haiti qualifies for Women's World Cup in historic first |url=https://haitiantimes.com/2023/02/22/haiti-qualified-for-the-first-time-for-the-womens-world-cup/ |url-access=limited |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=[[The Haitian Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Voerman |first=Andrew |date=22 February 2023 |title=Melchie Dumornay stars as Haiti beat Chile for place at Fifa Women's World Cup |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/football/world-cup/131297713/melchie-dumornay-stars-as-haiti-beat-chile-for-place-at-fifa-womens-world-cup |access-date=22 February 2023 |website=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A watan Yuli na wannan shekarar, an saka ta a hukumance cikin tawagar Haiti ta ƙarshe da za ta fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya a [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] da [[New Zealand]] ; <ref name="FIFAsquads">{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=FIFA Women's World Cup Australia & New Zealand 2023 – Squad List |url=https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce93/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |access-date=11 July 2023 |publisher=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> Daga ƙarshe ''Les Grenadières'' ta fice daga gasar a matakin rukuni. == Rayuwa ta sirri == A farkon matakan aikinta, an yi wa Dumornay lakabi da ''Piti'' (kalmar [[Creole na Haiti|Creole ta Haiti]] don "ƙarami") saboda ƙarancin girmanta. <ref name=":8"/> Ana kuma kiranta da ''Corventina'', sunan barkwanci da ɗan'uwanta ya fara ba ta. <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Chéry |first=Onz |date=3 November 2022 |title=Haitian soccer superstar Dumornay signs with Adidas |url=https://haitiantimes.com/2022/11/03/haitian-soccer-superstar-dumornay-signs-with-adidas/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=[[The Haitian Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na 2022, ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tallafi ta dogon lokaci da [[Adidas]] . <ref name=":10"/> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 November 2022 |title=Football: Melchie Dumornay signe avec Adidas |url=https://haiti.loopnews.com/content/football-melchie-dumornay-signe-avec-adidas/ |access-date=26 February 2023 |website=Loop News |language=fr }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {{Updated|match played 17 November 2024}}<ref name=soccerway>{{soccerway|528490|access-date=19 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.flashscore.co.uk/player/dumornay-melchie/xUK2gshi/ | title=Daelle Melchie Dumornay Stats - Flashscore.co.uk }}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%; text-align: center;" |+Bayyanar da kwallaye a raga ta hanyar kulob, kakar wasa, da kuma gasa. ! rowspan="2" | Kulob ! rowspan="2" | Kakar wasa ! colspan="3" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Kofi ! colspan="2" | Turai ! colspan="2" | Wani ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! Sashe ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | rowspan="5" | {{Interlanguage link|AS Tigresses|fr|Association sportive Tigresses}} | 2018 | rowspan="4" | {{Interlanguage link|Haitian Championship|fr|Championnat d'Haïti féminin de football}} | 9 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 25 |- | 2019 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- | 2020 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- | 2021 | 7 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 12 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimilla ! 16 ! 37 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 16 ! 37 |- | rowspan="3" | Reims | 2021–22 | rowspan="2" | Sashe na 1 na Mata | 15 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 9 |- | 2022–23 | 18 | 11 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 14 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimilla ! 33 ! 18 ! 6 ! 5 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 39 ! 23 |- | rowspan="3" | Lyon | 2023–24 | rowspan="2" | Gasar Premier | 13 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 1 {{Efn|Appearance(s) in the [[Trophée des Championnes]]}} | 1 | 20 | 9 |- | 2024–25 | 19 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 22 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimilla ! 32 ! 22 ! 1 ! 0 ! 14 ! 8 ! 1 ! 1 ! 45 ! 31 |- ! colspan="3" | Jimillar aiki ! 71 ! 77 ! 7 ! 5 ! 14 ! 8 ! 1 ! 1 ! 101 ! 91 |} {{Notelist}} === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === {| class="wikitable" !No. !Date !Venue !Opponent !Score !Result !Competition |- |1. |3 February 2020 |BBVA Stadium, [[Houston]], [[Tarayyar Amurka|United States]] |{{Fbw|PAN}} | align="center" |'''4'''–0 | align="center" |6–0 |2020 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Championship |- |2. | rowspan="3" |9 April 2022 | rowspan="3" |A. O. Shirley Recreation Ground, Road Town, British Virgin Islands | rowspan="3" |{{Fbw|VGB}} | align="center" |'''3'''–0 | rowspan="3" align="center" |21–0 | rowspan="4" |2022 CONCACAF W Championship qualification |- |3. | align="center" |'''4'''–0 |- |4. | align="center" |'''7'''–0 |- |5. |12 April 2022 |Estadio Olímpico Félix Sánchez, [[Santo Domingo]], [[Jamhuriyar Dominika|Dominican Republic]] |{{Fbw|CUB}} | align="center" |'''3'''–0 | align="center" |6–0 |- |6. | rowspan="2" |28 June 2022 | rowspan="2" |Sports Complex Fedefutbol-Plycem, San Rafael, [[Costa Rica]] | rowspan="2" |{{Fbw|CRC}} | align="center" |'''3'''–0 | rowspan="2" align="center" |4–2 | rowspan="2" |Friendly |- |7. | align="center" |'''4'''–2 |- |8. | rowspan="2" |22 February 2023 | rowspan="2" |North Harbour Stadium, [[Auckland]], [[New Zealand]] | rowspan="2" |{{Fbw|CHI}} | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | rowspan="2" align="center" |2–1 | rowspan="2" |2023 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification |- |9. | align="center" |'''2'''–0 |- |10. |7 April 2023 | rowspan="2" |Marden Sports Complex, Alanya, [[Turkiyya|Turkey]] |{{Fbw|NGA}} | align="center" |'''1'''–2 | align="center" |1–2 | rowspan="2" |Friendly |- |11. |11 April 2023 |{{Fbw|MDA}} | align="center" |'''2'''–0 | align="center" |3–1 |- |12. | rowspan="5" |26 October 2023 | rowspan="8" |SKNFA Technical Center, Basseterre, [[Saint Kitts da Nevis|St. Kitts and Nevis]] | rowspan="5" |{{Fbw|SKN}} | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | rowspan="5" align="center" |11–0 | rowspan="8" |2024 CONCACAF W Gold Cup qualification |- |13. | align="center" |'''4'''–0 |- |14. | align="center" |'''5'''–0 |- |15. | align="center" |'''8'''–0 |- |16. | align="center" |'''9'''–0 |- |17. | rowspan="3" |30 October 2023 | rowspan="3" |{{Fbw|SKN}} | align="center" |'''3'''–0 | rowspan="3" align="center" |13–0 |- |18. | align="center" |'''7'''–0 |- |19. | align="center" |'''8'''–0 |- |20. |26 October 2024 | rowspan="2" |Emirhan Sports Complex, [[Antalya]], Turkey |{{Fbw|TPE}} | align="center" |'''1'''–2 | align="center" |3–2 | rowspan="2" |2024 Pink Ladies Cup |- |21. |29 October 2024 |{{Fbw|RUS}} | align="center" |'''1'''–1 | align="center" |1–2 |- |22. |4 April 2025 |Estadio Bicentenario de La Florida, [[Santiago de Chile|Santiago]], [[Chile]] |{{Fbw|CHI}} | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |1–0 | rowspan="2" |Friendly |- |23. |3 June 2025 |Saputo Stadium, [[Montréal]], [[Kanada|Canada]] |{{Fbw|CAN}} | align="center" |'''1'''–3 | align="center" |1–3 |- |24. | rowspan="2" |30 November 2025 | rowspan="2" |FFB Stadium, Belmopan, [[Belize]] | rowspan="2" |{{Fbw|BLZ}} | align="center" |'''8'''–0 | rowspan="2" align="center" |9–0 | rowspan="3" |2026 CONCACAF W Championship qualification |- |25. | align="center" |'''9'''–0 |- |26. |3 March 2026 |Dr. Ir. Franklin Essed Stadion, [[Paramaribo]], [[Suriname]] |{{Fbw|SUR}} | align="center" |'''2'''–0 | align="center" |2–0 |} == Daraja == '''Lyon''' * Trophée des Championnes : 2023 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Trophée des Championnes 2023 - Finale - Lyon (D1)-PSG (D1) 2-0 |url=https://www.statsfootofeminin.fr/match.php?id=33036 |access-date=13 May 2024}}</ref> * Kashi na 1 na Mata : 2023-24, 2024-25 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lyon garde sa couronne |url=https://www.fff.fr/article/12515-lyon-garde-sa-couronne.html |access-date=2024-11-17 |website=www.fff.fr}}</ref> '''Mutum ɗaya''' * 'Yar wasan mata ta CONCACAF ta shekara : 2024 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-23 |title=Dumornay wins Concacaf Women’s Player of the Year Award |url=https://www.concacaf.com/en/news/melchie-dumornay-wins-concacaf-women-s-player-of-the-year-award/ |access-date=2024-11-17 |website=Concacaf |language=en}}</ref> * Kwallon Zinare ta Zakarun Mata na 'Yan Kasa da Shekara 17 ta CONCACAF : 2018 <ref name="CONCACAF_2018"/> * Zakarun Gasar Mata ta CONCACAF 'Yan Kasa da Shekara 17 Mafi Kyawun 'Yan Wasa 11: 2018 <ref name="CONCACAF_2018" /> * Takalmin Zinare na Gasar Mata ta 'Yan Kasa da Shekara 20 ta CONCACAF : 2020 <ref name=":5"/> * Gasar CONCACAF W Mafi kyawun ɗan wasa: 2022 <ref name=":6"/> * Mafi kyawun 'yan wasa XI na Gasar CONCACAF W : 2022 <ref name="2022BestXI"/> * Matashiyar 'Yar Wasan Zakarun Turai ta Mata ta UEFA : 2023–24 <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2024 |title=Melchie Dumornay named 2023/24 UEFA Women's Champions League Young Player of the Season |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/028d-1afcf8370bde-bc640824ecaa-1000--young-player-of-the-season-dumornay/ |access-date=27 May 2024}}</ref> 2024–25 <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2025 |title=Melchie Dumornay named 2024/25 UEFA Women's Champions League Young Player of the Season |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0299-1dd7c002af97-b8b4e84ef24c-1000--melchie-dumornay-named-2024-25-uefa-women-s-champions-lea/ |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[UEFA|UEFA.com]]}}</ref> * Ƙungiyar Zakarun Turai ta Mata ta UEFA : 2024–25 <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2025 |title=2024/25 Women's Champions League Team of the Season |url=https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0299-1dd7c00a2b3c-f4bbfe6e4be5-1000--2024-25-women-s-champions-league-team-of-the-season/ |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[UEFA|UEFA.com]]}}</ref> * Ƙungiyar Ligue ta UNFP Premier ta shekara: 2024–25 * Ƙungiyar Ligue ta LFFP Premier ta kakar wasa: 2024–25 <ref>{{Cite journal |title=Football season: team photo |url=https://doi.org/10.31096/wua033-pls90a050 |doi=10.31096/wua033-pls90a050 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Firimiya Ligue Player na Watan : Disamba 2022, <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2023 |title=MELCHIE DUMORNAY LAURÉATE EN DÉCEMBRE |url=https://www.fff.fr/article/9266-melchie-dumornay-laureate-en-decembre.html |access-date=13 May 2024}}</ref> Mayu 2023, <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2023 |title=DUMORNAY TERMINE EN BEAUTÉ |url=https://www.fff.fr/article/10456-dumornay-termine-en-beaute.html |access-date=13 May 2024}}</ref> Oktoba 2023, <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 November 2023 |title=DUMORNAY PREND LE RELAIS |url=https://www.fff.fr/article/11343-dumornay-prend-le-relais.html |access-date=13 May 2024}}</ref> Maris 2025 <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 April 2025 |title=Melchie Dumornay, un printemps fleuri |url=https://www.fff.fr/article/14603-melchie-dumornay-un-printemps-fleuri.html |access-date=29 April 2025}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Melchie Dumornay at Soccerway * Melchie Dumornay at WorldFootball.net {{Olympique Lyonnais Féminin squad}}{{UEFA Women's Champions League Young Player of the Season}}{{Navboxes|title=Haiti squads|bg=#00209F|fg=white|bordercolor=#D21034|list1={{Haiti squad 2022 CONCACAF W Championship}} {{Haiti squad 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup}}}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] re27vqveqmpszqkayu3t6vnq261qjag 0 147838 842727 819822 2026-05-29T19:34:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Millie Dunn Veasey''' (Janairu 31, 1918 - Maris 9, 2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Obituary Search |url=http://www.legacy.com/search?countryId=366899&countryUrl=united-states-of-america&dateRange=Last30Days&firstName=Millie+Dunn&lastName=Veasey&keyword= |website=Legacy.com}}</ref> tsohuwar soja ce 'yar Amurka, wacce ta yi aiki daga 1942 zuwa 1945 a Rundunar Sojojin Mata (WAC) da Rundunar Sojojin Mata (WAAC) . Bayan ta dawo gida daga [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]], ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare mai kula da harkokin jama'a a Jami'ar St. Augustine a ƙarƙashin shugabannin jami'a guda biyu, Dakta James Boyer da Dakta Prezell Robinson. <ref>{{Cite web |title=2018 {{!}} Raleigh Hall Of Fame |url=https://www.raleighhalloffame.org/inductees/2018-2 |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=www.raleighhalloffame.org}}</ref> Ta kasance mai himma a cikin fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a tare da Sashen Raleigh-Wake na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Ci Gaban Mutane Masu Launi (NAACP), inda ta zama shugaba a 1965. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Veasey a Raleigh, [[North Carolina]], tubalan tara kacal daga ginin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar North Carolina <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vergun, David |date=15 February 2018 |title=Civil rights pioneer proved her mettle in World War II |url=https://okinawa.stripes.com/news/civil-rights-pioneer-proved-her-mettle-world-war-ii |publisher=Okinawa Stripes |access-date=9 April 2026 |archive-date=7 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007223205/https://okinawa.stripes.com/news/civil-rights-pioneer-proved-her-mettle-world-war-ii |url-status=dead }}</ref> a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin yara shida a cikin iyalin. An sanya mata suna ne saboda kakarta, Millie Gunter Henry, wacce ta zaburar da ita ta hanyar ci gaba da neman yi wa wasu hidima, ta hanyar aiki a Cocin Baptist na Farko na Raleigh da ke kan titin Wilmington, inda Veasey ke halarta. Veasey ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Washington a Raleigh, North Carolina. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Washington, Veasey ya yi aiki tare da wakilin fadada gundumar Wake kafin ya shiga rundunar sojojin Amurka . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=[Portrait of Millie Dunn Veasey, circa 1944]: Women Veterans Historical Project |url=http://libcdm1.uncg.edu/cdm/ref/collection/WVHP/id/1403 |access-date=2018-02-06 |website=uncg.edu}}</ref> == Ilimi == A shekarar 1953, Veasey ta kammala karatunta daga Kwalejin St. Augustine da ke Raleigh, North Carolina, tare da digirin farko na Fasaha a fannin ilimin kasuwanci da kuma ƙaramin digiri a Turanci. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=May |first=Chang |date=2004-08-21 |title='The GI Bill Experience at NC State' Exhibition |url=https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/archivedexhibits/gibill/eOpportunity.html |access-date=2018-02-20 |website=ncsu.edu}}</ref> Ta halarci kwaleji a kan Dokar GI, <ref name=":2" /> kuma yayin da take yin rajista, ta yi aiki a matsayin sakataren zartarwa na Shugaban Kasa, James Boyer. Bayan 'yan shekaru, ta halarci Jami'ar North Carolina Central kuma ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci da kuma ƙaramin mai ba da shawara kan harkokin ilimi. <ref name=":3"/> <ref name=":4"/> == Sana'a == Veasey ya shiga cikin rundunar sojoji tare da bataliyar "sau uku-takwas", wato Bataliyar 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion a watan Disamba na 1942. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Vaughan |first=Don |date=2017-01-23 |title=African-American Female Military Unit in World War II I think she has a dog 🐶 |url=http://www.moaa.org/Content/Publications-and-Media/Features-and-Columns/MOAA-Features/African-American-Female-Military-Unit-in-World-War-II.aspx |access-date=2018-02-20 |website=moaa.org |archive-date=2018-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302164641/http://www.moaa.org/Content/Publications-and-Media/Features-and-Columns/MOAA-Features/African-American-Female-Military-Unit-in-World-War-II.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wannan rukunin shine kawai rundunar mata da baƙaƙe da ta yi aiki a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a ƙasashen waje. Ta fara jarrabawarta a Fort Bragg, North Carolina, a watan da ya biyo baya. A watan Afrilun 1943, an tura Veasey zuwa Fort Des Moines, Iowa don horon soja na asali. <ref name="FCC">{{Cite web |last=Vergun, David |date=15 February 2018 |title=STAYING STRONG: Civil rights pioneer proved mettle in World War II |url=http://fortcampbellcourier.com/soldier_for_life/article_3dc80296-12a1-11e8-875f-f73352a74357.html |publisher=Fort Campbell Courier}}</ref> Ta kammala horon ta na asali a [[Denver|Denver, Colorado]], kuma an tura ta a matsayin magatakarda a makarantar girki da masu yin burodi a Fort Clark, Texas, har zuwa bazara na 1944. Daga nan ta nufi sansanin Maxey, Texas, kuma ta yi aiki a asibiti tare da ayyukan sakatare. <ref name=":3"/> Ta kammala horo a ƙasashen waje a Georgia kafin ta nufi gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Turai a farkon Fabrairu 1945, [1] [2] ta isa Glasgow, [1] a kan Sarauniya Elizabeth . Ta kasance a Birmingham, Ingila, na tsawon watanni huɗu kafin ta koma Rouen, Faransa, a matsayin ma'aikacin samar da kayayyaki har sai da aka sallame ta. [3] A shekarar 1945, ta bar WAC a matsayin sajan ma'aikata . [4] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1918]] fvvedbv871toji2bb37uo1ak82gu8sv 0 147929 842437 820208 2026-05-29T12:54:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842437 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mary Sally Matiella''' (an haife ta a ranar 21 ga Yuni, 1951) jami'ar gwamnatin Amurka ce kuma 'yar takarar siyasa <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ferguson |first=Joe |title=Mary Matiella, retired assistant secretary of Army, enters CD2 race |url=https://tucson.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/mary-matiella-retired-assistant-secretary-of-army-enters-cd2-race/article_245ed30b-1f41-5f0a-9d08-538d26c78860.html |access-date=2020-06-29 |website=Arizona Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Sakataren Sojoji (Gudanar da Kudi da Mai Kula da Sufuri) a lokacin Gwamnatin Obama. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2010-02-11 |title=PN1209 - Nomination of Mary Sally Matiella for Department of Defense, 111th Congress (2009-2010) |url=https://www.congress.gov/nomination/111th-congress/1209 |access-date=2020-06-29 |website=www.congress.gov}}</ref> Bayan shekaru da dama na aikin gwamnati na tarayya, Matiella ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Sakataren Sojoji, tana riƙe da ofis daga 16 ga Fabrairu, 2010, har zuwa 27 ga Fabrairu, 2014, lokacin da ta yi murabus kuma Robert M. Speer ya gaje ta. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=The Voter's Self Defense System - Mary Matiella's Biography |url=http://votesmart.org/ |access-date=2020-06-29 |website=Vote Smart}}</ref> A shekarar 2018, Matiella ta tsaya takarar 'yar Democrat a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka daga gundumar majalisa ta biyu ta Arizona . <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Democracy for America : Mary Matiella - U.S. House, Arizona 2 |url=https://www.democracyforamerica.com/site/our_candidates/449-matiella-for-congress |access-date=2020-06-29 |website=www.democracyforamerica.com |language=en}}</ref> Ta zo ta uku a zaben fidda gwani, bayan tsohuwar 'yar majalisar wakilai ta Amurka Ann Kirkpatrick da tsohuwar 'yar majalisar wakilai ta jiha Matt Heinz . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Mary Matiella - |url=https://awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu/directory/mary-matiella/ |access-date=2020-06-29 |website=Archives of Women's Political Communication |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Mary Sally Matiella (née Garza), an haife ta a Three Rivers, Texas, ta girma a matsayin ɗiyar ma'aikatan gona 'yan ci-rani. <ref name=":2"/> Iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa Arizona lokacin da take da watanni 6. Tsakanin shekarunta na ƙanƙanta da na ƙarshe a Makarantar Sakandare ta Pueblo, ta ɗauki aikin bazara a Davis–Monthan Air Force Base kuma ta haɗu da Airman Francisco Matiella, wanda ta aura shekaru bakwai bayan haka. Francisco ta ba da shawarar ta je kwaleji. Ta sami tallafin karatu na Regents' a Jami'ar Arizona, inda ta sami digiri na BA a 1973 da kuma digiri na MBA a 1976. A 2013, an nada ta a Jami'ar Arizona, wacce ta zama ɗalibi mafi ƙwarewa a Kwalejin Ilimi ta shekara. <ref name="UAalum">{{Cite web |date=20 November 2013 |title=COE Alum of Year: From Farmworker Family to Pentagon Position |url=https://uanews.arizona.edu/story/coe-alum-of-year-from-farmworker-family-to-pentagon-position |access-date=11 April 2026 |archive-date=13 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613014931/https://uanews.arizona.edu/story/coe-alum-of-year-from-farmworker-family-to-pentagon-position |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sana'a == Bayan kammala karatunsa na kwaleji, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai sharhi kan harkokin gudanarwa a Jami'ar Texas da ke Austin da kuma a matsayin mai binciken kuɗi a Sashen Lafiyar Hankali da Rage Hankali na Texas . === Ma'aikatan Gwamnatin Tarayya === A shekarar 1980, Matiella ta fara aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar farar hula a rundunar sojojin Amurka . Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai nazarin kasafin kuɗi a sansanin sojojin sama na Ramstein daga 1980 zuwa 1983; a matsayin mai lissafin tsarin aiki na Hukumar Lissafin [[United States Air Force|Sojojin Sama ta Amurka]], wacce ke [[Denver]] daga 1983 zuwa 1986; da kuma a matsayin babbar mai lissafin tsarin aiki a Fort Clayton daga 1986 zuwa 1989. Daga nan ta koma Denver, tana aiki a Hukumar Kuɗi da Lissafi ta Tsaro (DFAS) a matsayin mai lissafin tsarin aiki daga 1989 zuwa 1992; mai lissafin ma'aikata daga 1992 zuwa 1994; sannan kuma a matsayin Darakta na Ofishin Aiwatar da CFO daga 1994 zuwa 1995. Daga 1995 zuwa 1998, ta kasance Daraktan Lissafi a ofishin DFAS da ke San Bernardino, California . Matiella ma'aikaciyar akawu ce a Ofishin Mataimakin Sakataren Tsaro (Comtroller), mukamin da ta riƙe har zuwa 2001. Tana aiki a Pentagon a lokacin [[September 11 attacks|hare-haren 11 ga Satumba]] . <ref name="UAalum"/> Matiella ta zama memba na Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa a watan Disamba na 2001, inda ta zama Babban Jami'in Kuɗi na Hukumar Kula da Gandun Daji ta Amurka . A can, ta kula da kasafin kuɗi na shekara-shekara na dala biliyan 4. Daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Babban Jami'in Kuɗi na Lissafi na Ma'aikatar Gidaje da Ci Gaban Birane ta Amurka tana kula da kasafin kuɗi na dala biliyan 40 har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a 2008. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1951]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] aqjp61gey3fphmvzswvhnetxr4zmved 0 148039 842738 820731 2026-05-29T20:01:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842738 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mircea Rednic''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Afrilu 1962) ƙwararren manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Romania kuma tsohon ɗan wasa wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya]]. == Aikin kulob == [[Fayil:Mircea_Rednic.jpg|left|thumb|Rednic a matsayin ɗan wasa a shekarun 1980s]] === Corvinul Hunedoara === An haifi Rednic, wanda aka yi wa laƙabi da "Puriul", a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 1962 a Hunedoara, kuma har zuwa lokacin da ya kai shekara 14, ya buga wasan tennis na tebur, ƙwallon hannu, ƙwallon raga da kuma dara kafin ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa a cibiyar matasa ta Corvinul Hunedoara a ƙarƙashin kocin Remus Vlad . <ref name="GSP">{{Cite web |date=25 March 2021 |title=Cum au fost create marile echipe ale anilor '80?. Episodul 3: Dinamo - Show cu doar 14 "câini". Dar de rasă |trans-title=How were the great teams of the '80s created? Episode 3: Dinamo - Show with only 14 "dogs". But dogs of race |url=https://www.gsp.ro/gsp-ro/gsp-special/dosarele-gazetei-dinamo-1989-1990-jucatori-627337.html |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2016 |title=La mulți ani, Remus Vlad! La 70 de ani, fosta glorie a lui FC Argeș își povestește viața dedicată fotbalului. De la Cinciș, la Madrid și de la mingea de gumă, la respectul lui Dobrin. |trans-title=Happy birthday, Remus Vlad! At 70 years old, the former glory of FC Argeș tells about his life dedicated to football. From Cincis, to Madrid and from the rubber ball, to the respect of Dobrin. |url=https://www.prosport.ro/sport-life/special/special-la-multi-ani-remus-vlad-la-70-de-ani-fosta-glorie-a-lui-fc-arges-isi-povesteste-viata-dedicata-fotbalului-de-la-cincis-la-madrid-si-de-la-mingea-de-guma-la-respectul-lui-dobrin-14969427 |access-date=28 August 2024 |publisher=Prosport.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> Kocin Mircea Lucescu ya ba shi damar fara wasa a ƙungiyar manyan 'yan wasan Corvinul a kakar wasa ta 1979–80 ta Divizia B. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="GSP" /> Daga baya, yayin da ƙungiyar ta samu ci gaba, Lucescu ya ba shi damar fara wasa a Divizia A a ranar 2 ga Agusta, 1980 a wasan da suka yi nasara da ci 4-1 a kan ASA Târgu Mureș . <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="GSP" /> A cikin kakar wasa masu zuwa, Rednic ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na uku a gasar Divizia A ta 1981–82, kuma ya buga wasanni huɗu a gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 1982–83, inda suka doke Grazer AK a zagaye na farko, inda FK Sarajevo ta fitar da su a zagaye na gaba. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="GSP" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mircea Rednic. UEFA Cup 1982/1983 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe7584/mircea-rednic/co132/uefa-europa-league/se2720/1982-1983/club-matches/ |access-date=7 October 2024 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> === Dinamo București === A lokacin bazara na 1983, an sauya Rednic da abokin wasansa Ioan Andone daga Corvinul zuwa Dinamo București a musayar 'yan wasa biyar, ciki har da Nicușor Vlad, Teofil Stredie da Florea Văetuș . <ref name="GSP"/> A kakar wasa ta farko da ya yi tare da ''Red Dogs'', ya taimaka wa kulob din lashe gasar The Double, kocin Nicolae Dumitru ya yi amfani da shi a wasanni 31 na gasar kuma ya buga dukkan wasan a wasan da suka yi nasara da ci 2-1 a kan abokan hamayyarsa Steaua București a wasan karshe na Cupa României . <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="RSC">{{Cite web |title=Romania National Champions |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/menu_items/champions.shtml |access-date=7 October 2024 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Romanian Cup – Season 1983–1984 |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/romanian_cup/1983_1984.shtml |access-date=7 October 2024 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}</ref> Rednic ya kuma buga wasanni takwas a gasar cin kofin Turai ta 1983-84, inda ya taimaka wa kulob din ya doke masu rike da kambun Hamburg sannan Dinamo Minsk ya ci kwallo a raga, inda ya kai wasan kusa da na karshe inda [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] ta doke su. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="GSP" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 April 2014 |title=Dinamo marchează 30 de ani de la semifinala cu Liverpool din Cupa Campionilor |trans-title=Dinamo marks 30 years since the semi-final with Liverpool in the Champions Cup |url=https://www.digisport.ro/fotbal/champions-league/dinamo-marcheaza-30-de-ani-de-la-semifinala-cu-liverpool-din-cupa-campionilor-106237 |access-date=7 October 2024 |publisher=Digisport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Dangane da yadda ya taka leda a shekarar 1983, Rednic ya kasance na biyar a cikin jerin 'Yan wasan da suka lashe kyautar gwarzon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Romania, kuma a shekara mai zuwa, ya kasance na huɗu. <ref name="rsssf">{{Cite web |title=Romania - Player of the Year Awards |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/roempoy.html |access-date=7 October 2024 |publisher=Rsssf.org |language=en}}</ref> Zai sake haɗuwa a Dinamo tare da tsohon kocinsa daga Corvinul, Mircea Lucescu. <ref name="GSP" /> <ref name="cup">{{Cite web |title=Romanian Cup – Season 1985–1986 |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/romanian_cup/1985_1986.shtml |access-date=7 October 2024 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}</ref> Wasansu na farko shine nasarar da suka samu a gasar Cupa României ta 1985–86 inda a wasan ƙarshe ya buga dukkan wasan, wanda ya ƙare da nasara 1-0 akan Steaua wacce ta lashe gasar cin kofin Turai kwanan nan. <ref name="cup" /> Rednic ya shiga cikin wani babban abin kunya a wasan hamayya da Steaua a watan Maris na 1989, wanda aka sha kashi da ci 2-1 bayan Gheorghe Hagi ya fara zura kwallo, Andone ya daidaita Dinamo sannan Gabi Balint ya ci wa Steaua kwallon da ta ba su nasara a minti na karshe na wasan. <ref name="GSP"/> <ref name="scandal">{{Cite web |date=1 May 2009 |title=Salvat de Boloni |trans-title=Saved by Boloni |url=https://www.gsp.ro/gsp-special/media/salvat-de-boloni-136111.html |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, alkalin wasa Ion Crăciunescu ya cire Rodion Cămătaru da Claudiu Vaișcovici daga Dinamo. <ref name="GSP" /> <ref name="scandal" /> Suna jin rashin jin daɗin alkalin wasa, jim kaɗan bayan wasan, Rednic da Andone sun nuna wasu alamun batsa a gaban kotun da ke kula da harkokin wasanni inda Valentin Ceaușescu, ɗan shugaban kama-karya Nicolae Ceaușescu kuma shugaban Steaua ba bisa ƙa'ida ba yake zama. <ref name="GSP" /> <ref name="scandal" /> Rednic ya tsira bayan da wani abokinsa daga Steaua, László Bölöni, ya yi magana da Valentin Ceaușescu. <ref name="GSP" /> <ref name="scandal" /> Da farko an dakatar da Andone na tsawon shekara guda daga Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Romania, amma bayan abokinsa daga Steaua, Marius Lăcătuș, ya yi magana da Valentin Ceaușescu kuma ya shawo kansa ya yafe wa Andone, an rage masa hukuncin zuwa watanni uku. <ref name="GSP" /> <ref name="scandal" /> Wasansa na gaba shine ya buga wasanni shida a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta 1988-89, inda ya kai wasan kusa da na karshe inda aka cire su bisa ka'idar kwallaye a waje bayan da Sampdoria ta doke su da ci 1-1 a jimilla. [1] [2] A kakar wasa mai zuwa ya sake lashe wani Double tare da kungiyar, Lucescu ya ba shi wasanni 19 inda ya zura kwallo daya a gasar, sannan ya buga dukkan mintuna 90 a wasan da suka doke Steaua da ci 6-4 a wasan karshe na Cupa României . [1] [3] [4] A wannan kakar ya sake yin wani wasan Turai yayin da ya buga wasanni takwas a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta 1989-90, inda ya zura kwallo daya a kan Panathinaikos, kungiyar ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe inda aka cire su bayan Anderlecht ta doke su da ci 2-0 a jimilla. === Bursaspor, Standard Liège da Sint-Truidense === Bayan juyin juya halin Romania na 1989, Rednic tare da 'yan uwansa Claudiu Vaișcovici da Gheorghe Nițu sun tafi buga wasa a [[Turkiyya]] don Bursaspor . <ref name="DIGI">{{Cite web |date=9 March 2017 |title=Rednic a ajuns la Standard pentru Lucescu: "Am fost supărat pe el că n-a mai venit" |trans-title=Rednic went to Standard for Lucescu: "I was upset with him for not coming again" |url=https://www.digisport.ro/fotbal/belgia/rednic-a-ajuns-la-standard-pentru-lucescu-am-fost-suparat-pe-el-ca-n-a-mai-venit-280414 |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Digisport.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 September 2020 |title=Trei decenii de la Marele Exod |trans-title=Three decades since the Great Exodus |url=https://wesport.ro/stiri/fotbal-vintage-trei-decenii-de-la-marele-exod-4007 |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Wesport.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> A shekarar 1991, koci Mircea Lucescu ya gaya masa ya je Standard Liège domin ita ce ƙungiyar da zai horar nan gaba kaɗan. <ref name="DIGI"/> Duk da haka, Lucescu bai taɓa samun damar yin atisaye a can ba, amma Rednic ya yi kakar wasa biyar tare da ƙungiyar. <ref name="DIGI" /> Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko ta Belgium a ranar 16 ga Agusta 1991 a ƙarƙashin koci Arie Haan a wasan da suka sha kashi a gida da ci 2-1 a hannun Club Brugge . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mircea Rednic. Pro League 1991/1992 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe7584/mircea-rednic/co49/belgium-pro-league/se23110/1991-1992/club-matches/ |access-date=7 October 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Ya lashe Kofin Belgium na 1992-93 tare da ''Reds'', yayin da koci Haan ya yi amfani da shi a duk wasan a wasan da suka ci 2-0 a kan Charleroi a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Standard de Liège 2 - 0 Charleroi |url=https://www.besoccer.com/match/standard-liege/sporting-charleroi/199326750/lineups |access-date=7 October 2025 |publisher=Besoccer }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A cikin waɗannan shekarun, Rednic ya yi wasa akai-akai ga Standard kuma ya kasance abokan aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da 'yan ƙasarsa Bogdan Stelea da Gheorghe Butoiu . <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="DIGI" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2015 |title=Mircea Rednic, chemat în ajutor. Maşina lui Gică Butoiu, confiscată de Poliţie, în Belgia |trans-title=Mircea Rednic, called for help. Gica Butoiu's car, confiscated by the Police, in Belgium |url=https://www.ziuaconstanta.ro/stiri/sport/mircea-rednic-chemat-in-ajutor-masina-lui-gica-butoiu-confiscata-de-politie-in-belgia-531376.html |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Ziuaconstanta.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> A shekarar 1996, bayan kammala karatunsa a Standard Liège, ya koma Sint-Truidense . A can, a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu 1997, ya buga wasansa na ƙarshe a rukunin farko na Belgium a wasan da Germinal Beerschot ta doke su da ci 3-1 a waje, jimillar wasanni 150 tare da kwallaye uku a gasar. <ref name="RS" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mircea Rednic. Pro League 1996/1997 |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe7584/mircea-rednic/co49/belgium-pro-league/se12114/1996-1997/club-matches/ |access-date=7 October 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> === București Mai Sauƙi === A shekarar 1997, Rednic ya koma Romania a Rapid București, bisa shawarar kocin ƙungiyar, Mircea Lucescu . <ref name="mediafax">{{Cite web |date=10 October 2007 |title=Mircea Rednic, cel mai titrat antrenor al Rapidului |trans-title=Mircea Rednic, the most titled coach of Rapid |url=https://www.mediafax.ro/main-story/focus-mircea-rednic-cel-mai-titrat-antrenor-al-rapidului-950396 |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Mediafax.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2022 |title=Mircea Lucescu are COVID, dar va fi prezent pe Stadionul Giulești sâmbătă. "Familia Lucescu face parte din istoria Rapidului". Exclusiv |trans-title=Mircea Lucescu has COVID, but will be present at Giulești Stadium on Saturday. "The Lucescu family is part of Rapid's history." Exclusive |url=https://www.fanatik.ro/mircea-lucescu-rapid-stadion-giulesti-razvan-adi-mutu-19932521 |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Fanatik.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> Ya shafe shekaru uku na ƙarshe na aikinsa a can, yana buga dukkan wasan a wasan da suka doke Universitatea Craiova da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe na Cupa României na 1998. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Romanian Cup – Season 1997–1998 |url=https://www.romaniansoccer.ro/romanian_cup/1997_1998.shtml |access-date=7 October 2024 |publisher=RomanianSoccer}}</ref> Daga baya, ya buga wasanni 32 inda ya zira kwallo ɗaya a kakar wasa ta 1998-99 yayin da ƙungiyar ta lashe gasarta ta farko bayan shekaru 32. <ref name="RS" /> <ref name="RSC"/> <ref name="mediafax" /> A ranar 10 ga Mayu 2000, Rednic ya buga wasansa na ƙarshe na Divizia A a wasan da Rapid ta doke "U" Craiova da ci 3-1 a gida, jimillar wasanni 391 tare da kwallaye 29 a gasar da wasanni 47 tare da kwallaye biyu a gasar Turai. <ref name="RS" /> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Kocin Constantin Cernăianu ne ya zaɓi Rednic don ya zama ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan Romania 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 a gasar cin kofin duniya ta matasa ta 1981 da aka gudanar a [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] . <ref name="worldcup">{{Cite web |date=17 October 2018 |title=România, locul trei la Campionatul Mondial de tineret din Australia! Romulus Gabor, succesorul lui Diego Maradona |trans-title=Romania, third place at the World Youth Championship in Australia! Romulus Gabor, Diego Maradona's successor |url=https://www.fanatik.ro/romania-locul-trei-la-campionatul-mondial-de-tineret-din-australia-romulus-gabor-succesorul-lui-diego-maradona-18621613 |access-date=30 October 2025 |publisher=Fanatik.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni shida, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta kammala gasar a matsayi na uku, inda ya lashe lambar tagulla. <ref name="GSP"/> <ref name="worldcup" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mircea Rednic. U20 World Cup 1981 in Australia |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe7584/mircea-rednic/co1226/fifa-u20-world-cup/se8936/1981-in-australien/international-matches/ |access-date=30 October 2025 |publisher=WorldFootball}}</ref> Rednic ya buga wasanni 83 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a ragar Romania, inda ya fara buga wasa a karkashin koci Mircea Lucescu a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da Switzerland a wasannin share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta 1982. <ref name="EU">{{Cite web |title=Mircea Rednic profile |url=https://eu-football.info/_player.php?id=17496 |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=European Football}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Switzerland 0-0 Romania |url=https://eu-football.info/_match.php?id=7724 |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=European Football}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni takwas a lokacin wasannin share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin Turai ta 1984, ciki har da nasara 1-0 da Italiya mai rike [[Kofin duniya|da kofin duniya]] . <ref name="EU" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 April 2022 |title=Episodul 2: România - Italia 1-0, în preliminariile pentru CE '84. Am răpus Italia cu un Balaci fenomenal: 5-0 cu Gentile, 8-3 cu Bruno Conti |trans-title=Episode 2: Romania - Italy 1-0, in the preliminaries for CE '84 »I defeated Italy with a phenomenal Balaci: 5-0 with Gentile, 8-3 with Bruno Conti |url=https://www.gsp.ro/gsp-special/ideile-gazetei/istoria-la-raport-episodul-2-romania-italia-1-0-1983-balaci-660781.html |access-date=7 November 2025 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> Daga baya, koci Lucescu ya yi amfani da shi a dukkan wasanni uku da suka buga a gasar karshe, wadanda suka yi kunnen doki da Spain da kuma rashin nasara da suka yi a hannun Jamus ta Yamma da Portugal, yayin da kungiyarsa ta kasa samun nasara daga rukuninsu. <ref name="EU" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2024 |title=Povestea României la primul Euro, din 1984: am lăsat Italia acasă! Fără niciun stelist, cu cel mai tânăr selecţioner pe bancă şi debutul lui Hagi la un turneu final la doar 19 ani |trans-title=Romania's story at the first Euro, from 1984: we left Italy at home! Without any Steaua player, with the youngest coach on the bench and Hagi's debut at a final tournament at only 19 years old |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/nationala/euro-1984-povestea-primului-turneu-final-pentru-romania-hagi-debut-742508.html |access-date=9 May 2025 |publisher=Gsp.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Rednic ya buga wasanni takwas a wasannin neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta 1986 da kuma wasanni hudu a wasannin neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta 1988. <ref name="EU"/> Bayan haka ya buga wasanni uku a wasannin neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta 1990 masu nasara. <ref name="EU" /> Koci Emerich Jenei ya yi amfani da shi a dukkan wasanni hudu da aka buga a gasar karshe, yayin da Ireland ta fitar da Romania a zagaye na 16. <ref name="EU" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2023 |title="Notti magiche" Cum i-am bătut pe sovietici, la 9 iunie 1990, în primul meci de la Mondiale, după 20 de ani. Lăcătuș a ajuns coșmarul lui Dasaev, iar Gică Popescu a refuzat Real Madrid |trans-title="Notti magiche" How we beat the Soviets, on June 9, 1990, in the first World Cup match, after 20 years. Lăcătuș became Dasaev's nightmare, and Gică Popescu refused Real Madrid |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/nationala/notti-magiche-cum-i-am-batut-pe-sovietici-la-9-iunie-1990-in-primul-meci-de-la-mondiale-dupa-20-de-ani-lacatus-a-ajuns-cosmarul-lui-dasaev-iar-gica-popescu-a-refuzat-real-madrid-19675559 |access-date=9 May 2025 |publisher=Prosport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Ya buga wasa daya a lokacin wasannin neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Turai ta 1992 kuma ya buga wasansa na karshe a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasa a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1991 a wasan sada zumunta da Norway ta doke su da ci 1-0. <ref name="EU" /> Saboda wakiltar ƙasarsa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 1990, Shugaban ƙasar Romania Traian Băsescu ya ba Rednic lambar yabo a ranar 25 ga Maris 2008 da lambar yabo ta Ordinul "Meritul Sportiv" - (The Medal "The Sportive Merit") ajin III. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 March 2008 |title=DECRET privind conferirea Ordinului și Medaliei Meritul Sportiv |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Monitorul_Oficial_al_Rom%C3%A2niei._Partea_I_2008-03-28%2C_nr._241.pdf |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Monitorul Oficial al României Nr. 241 |page=3}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ===Manazarta=== r27s7vt8ueabx90u1yxg9rocwvpurf0 0 148068 842890 821017 2026-05-29T23:33:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842890 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:2025, Morgan Gibbs-White playing for Nottingham Forest.jpg|thumb|Morgan Gibbs-White]] {{Infobox football biography | name = Morgan Gibbs-White | full_name = Morgan Anthony Gibbs-White | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|2000|1|27}} | birth_place = Stafford, Ingila | position = Mai kai hari (Attacking midfielder) | currentclub = Nottingham Forest | clubnumber = 10 | youthyears1 = 2008–2017 | youthclubs1 = Wolverhampton Wanderers | years1 = 2017–2022 | clubs1 = Wolverhampton Wanderers | caps1 = 68 | goals1 = 2 | years2 = 2021–2022 | clubs2 = → Sheffield United (aro) | caps2 = 35 | goals2 = 11 | years3 = 2022– | clubs3 = Nottingham Forest | caps3 = 70+ | goals3 = 10+ | nationalyears1 = 2015–2016 | nationalteam1 = Ingila U16 | nationalcaps1 = 8 | nationalgoals1 = 2 | nationalyears2 = 2016–2017 | nationalteam2 = Ingila U17 | nationalcaps2 = 10 | nationalgoals2 = 2 | nationalyears3 = 2018–2019 | nationalteam3 = Ingila U19 | nationalcaps3 = 6 | nationalgoals3 = 1 | nationalyears4 = 2019–2021 | nationalteam4 = Ingila U21 | nationalcaps4 = 14 | nationalgoals4 = 2 | pcupdate = 2025 }} '''Morgan Anthony Gibbs-White''' (an haife shi ranar 27 ga Janairu, 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai kai hari ko tsakiyar fili mai kai hari a kulob din [[Nottingham Forest F.C.]] a gasar [[Premier League]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nottinghamforest.co.uk/players/morgan-gibbs-white|title=Morgan Gibbs-White Profile|publisher=Nottingham Forest}}</ref> == Rayuwar Farko == An haifi Gibbs-White a garin Stafford, a ƙasar Ingila. Ya fara buga ƙwallo tun yana ƙarami kuma ya shiga makarantar horas da matasa ta [[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]] yana da shekara takwas.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wolves.co.uk/teams/first-team/morgan-gibbs-white/|title=Player Biography|publisher=Wolves|access-date=2026-04-14|archive-date=2021-08-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827061222/https://www.wolves.co.uk/teams/first-team/morgan-gibbs-white/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aikin Kulob == === Wolverhampton Wanderers === Gibbs-White ya fara bugawa babbar ƙungiyar Wolverhampton a shekara ta 2017 bayan ya fito daga matasan kulob din. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimakawa kulob din samun nasarori a gasar cikin gida da kuma shiga gasar Turai.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Gibbs-White makes senior debut|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> === Aro zuwa Sheffield United === A kakar wasa ta 2021–2022, an ba shi aro zuwa [[Sheffield United F.C.]]. A lokacin aronsa ya zura kwallaye da dama kuma ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar wajen kaiwa wasan neman shiga gasar Premier League.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sheffield United sign Gibbs-White on loan|publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> === Nottingham Forest === A watan Agusta 2022, Gibbs-White ya koma [[Nottingham Forest F.C.]] kan ciniki mai tsoka. Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin muhimman ‘yan wasan kulob din, inda yake taka rawa a matsayin jagora a tsakiyar fili.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nottingham Forest sign Morgan Gibbs-White|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Aikin Ƙasa == Gibbs-White ya wakilci Ingila a matakan matasa daban-daban ciki har da U16, U17, U19 da U21. Ya kasance cikin tawagar Ingila ta U17 da ta lashe [[FIFA U-17 World Cup]] a shekarar 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/u17worldcup/india2017|title=FIFA U-17 World Cup 2017|publisher=FIFA}}</ref> == Nasarori == * [[FIFA U-17 World Cup]]: 2017 (tare da Ingila U17) * EFL Championship Play-offs finalist: 2021–2022 (Sheffield United) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:2000 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:English footballers]] [[Category:Nottingham Forest F.C. players]] [[Category:Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. players]] [[Category:Sheffield United F.C. players]] [[Category:Premier League players]] 9aj2la7vurtporqp8fkz5ho3tz056aj 0 148199 842900 839247 2026-05-29T23:58:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | honorific_prefix = | name = Moud Goba | honorific_suffix = | image = <!-- just the name, without the File: or Image: prefix or enclosing [[brackets]] --> | image_size = | alt = | caption = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_name = | birth_date = | birth_place = [[Harare|Harare, Zimbabwe]] | death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) --> | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | citizenship = | alma_mater = | education = | occupation = | organisation = {{ubl|Micro Rainbow International|Gay Afrika|[[UK Black Pride]]}} | years_active = | employer = | agent = | known_for = | notable_works = | style = | title = | party = | movement = | boards = | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents = | relatives = | awards = {{plainlist| *[[Attitude (magazine)|Attitude]] Pride Award (2017) *[[100 Women (BBC)|BBC 100 Women]] (2022) *[[BET International|BET International's]] Global Good Award (2023) }} | website = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | footnotes = }} '''Moud Goba''' mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam ce ta LGBTIQ+ daga ƙasar Zimbabwe. Ita ‘yar gudun hijira ce a ƙasar Birtaniya, inda ta isa a matsayin matashiyar mai neman mafaka bayan ta tsere daga Zimbabwe sakamakon shekaru na tsangwama da muzgunawa saboda kasancewarta ‘yar madigo.<ref name="OpokuGyimah20222">{{Cite news |last=Opoku-Gyimah |first=Phyll |date=6 December 2022 |title=Lady Phyll shares powerful story of the 'Black, lesbian, warrior woman' who changed her life for good, Moud Goba |url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2021/06/17/lady-phyll-moud-goba-queer-bible/ |access-date=17 June 2021 |publisher=[[PinkNews]] |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == Goba ta girma ne a [[Harare|Harare, Zimbabwe]] . Ta tsere daga kasar a lokacin mulkin [[Robert Mugabe]], wanda ya ga cin zarafi da tsananta wa masu luwadi. <ref name="Attitude2017">{{Cite web |date=7 September 2017 |title=Attitude Pride Award Winner: LGBT asylum seeker activist Moud Goba |url=https://www.attitude.co.uk/pride-awards/attitude-pride-award-winner-lgbt-asylum-seeker-activist-moud-goba-285169/ |access-date=22 July 2023 |website=[[Attitude (magazine)|Attitude]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Muparamoto2021">{{Cite journal |last=Muparamoto |first=Nelson |date=11 November 2021 |title=LGBT individuals and the struggle against Robert Mugabe's extirpation in Zimbabwe |url=https://brill.com/view/journals/bafr/13/3/article-pS1_1.xml?language=en |journal=Africa Review |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=S1–S16 |doi=10.1080/09744053.2020.1812042 |s2cid=225237647 |url-access=subscription |access-date=22 July 2023}}</ref> Bayan ta nemi mafaka a Burtaniya, ta jira shekaru biyu don a ba da bukatar ta. Goba ya bayyana jira a matsayin "lokacin yin sa kai ga kungiyoyi da yawa kuma ya kafa nata - Gay Afrika - don taimaka mini in sami wasu kamar ni da ke zaune a Burtaniya" <ref name="Cairns2017">{{Cite web |last=Cairns |first=Kay |date=15 January 2017 |title=Zim gay activist in the UK: Moud Goba – "Part gay but all human" |url=https://nehandaradio.com/2017/01/15/letter-zimbabwe-moud-goba-part-gay-human/ |access-date=24 July 2023 |website=Nehanda Radio |language=en}}</ref> == Yunkurin fafutuka == Goba na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa '''UK Black Pride''', wani taron alfahari na baƙaƙen masu rajin haƙƙin ‘yan luwadi a birnin London wanda ake gudanarwa tun shekarar 2005. <ref name="LGBTLeaders">{{Cite web |title=Moud Goba |url=https://lgbtleaders.co.uk/speaker/moud-goba/ |access-date=23 July 2023 |website=LGBTLeaders.co.uk |language=en |archive-date=31 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131021955/https://lgbtleaders.co.uk/speaker/moud-goba/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A halin yanzu ita ce shugabar kwamitin daraktocin ƙungiyar.<ref name="Wylie20222">{{Cite news |last=Wylie |first=Melissa |date=6 December 2022 |title=BBC 100 Women 2022: Who is on the list this year? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-75af095e-21f7-41b0-9c5f-a96a5e0615c1 |access-date=20 July 2023 |publisher=[[BBC News]] |language=en}}</ref> Goba yana aiki a matsayin manajan aikin Micro Rainbow International, ƙungiyar agaji da ke tallafawa mutanen LGBTIQ+ marasa gida da ke neman mafaka.<ref name="Diva2023">{{Cite web |date=22 April 2023 |title=Meet the visionaries blazing a trail for LGBTQIA women and non-binary people |url=https://diva-magazine.com/2023/04/22/the-diva-power-list-2023-is-here/ |access-date=23 July 2023 |website=[[Diva (magazine)|Diva]] |language=en}}</ref> Goba yana aiki don taimakawa 'yan gudun hijira a kan ƙwarewar aiki da kuma jagorantar aikin gidaje masu aminci na MRI, wanda ke da gidaje 25,000 marasa gida LGBTIQ + a kowace shekara. Goba yana mai da hankali kan 'yan gudun hijira da suka isa Burtaniya daga Afghanistan.<ref name="lesrencontreseconomiques">{{Cite web |title=Moud Goba |url=https://www.lesrencontreseconomiques.fr/en/speakers/moud-goba/ |access-date=25 July 2023 |website=[[Rencontres Economiques d'Aix-en-Provence]] |language=en |archive-date=21 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721015804/https://www.lesrencontreseconomiques.fr/en/speakers/moud-goba/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2022, Goba ya kasance wani ɓangare na fareti don haƙƙin LGBTIQ+ a buɗe Wasannin Commonwealth a Filin wasa na Alexander a Birmingham, Ingila, tare da wasu masu fafutuka biyar da kuma mai nutsewa na Ingila [[Tom Daley]] . <ref name="NewZimbabwe2022">{{Cite web |date=31 July 2022 |title=Zimbabwean lesbian and refugee part of gay rights parade at Commonwealth Games opening |url=https://www.newzimbabwe.com/zimbabwean-lesbian-and-refugee-part-of-gay-rights-parade-at-commonwealth-games-opening/ |access-date=25 July 2023 |website=NewZimbabwe.com |language=en}}</ref> Don hadin gwiwar da ta yi da kungiyoyin Burtaniya wajen taimakawa 'yan gudun hijira na LGBTIQ+, an haɗa Goba a cikin jerin masu gwagwarmayar Global Citizen a cikin 2023, tana mai cewa "ta kasance tabbas karfi ne don mai da hankali ga 2023".<ref name="Okunola2022">{{Cite web |last=Okunola |first=Akindare |date=16 December 2022 |title=18 Activists You Should Absolutely Look Out for in 2023 |url=https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/activists-to-watch-in-2023/ |access-date=24 July 2023 |website=[[Global Citizen Festival|Global Citizen]] |language=en}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da girmamawa == A cikin 2015, The Independent ya kira Goba a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan mutane 100 na LGBTIQ+ a Burtaniya saboda kwarewarta ta aiki tare da 'yan gudun hijira na LGBITY+. A cikin 2017, mujallar LGBT Attitude ta amince da taimakon Goba ga sauran 'yan gudun hijira ta hanyar girmama ta da lambar yabo ta Attitude Pride . <ref name="Attitude2017"/> A cikin 2022, an lissafa Goba a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 100 na BBC, suna godiya ga gudummawar da ta bayar ga masu neman mafaka da 'yan gudun hijira na LGBTIQ +. A cikin 2023, Goba ya sami lambar yabo ta BET International ta Global Good Award don "ci gaba da wuraren tsaro na LGBTQ+ da haɗin gwiwar 'yan gudun hijira a cikin al'umma".<ref name="Ramachandran2023">{{Cite web |last=Ramachandran |first=Naman |date=20 June 2023 |title=LGBTQ+ Activist Moud Goba to be Honored With 2023 BET International Global Good Award (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2023/tv/global/lgbtq-bet-international-global-good-award-moud-goba-1235649174 |access-date=21 July 2023 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lejrrgua3wmskhkqkjfxlvesdxsr6wp 0 148222 842913 839257 2026-05-30T02:40:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Musimbi Kanyoro | image = File:Musimbi 2.jpg | birth_place = Migori County, [[Kenya]] | citizenship = [[Kenyan]] | occupation = {{ubl|Human rights advocate|Philanthropist|Academic}} | known_for = Leadership in global women's rights and philanthropy | title = Chairperson, International Board of United World Colleges | employer = United World Colleges; London School of Economics | organizations = Global Fund for Women; World YWCA; Lutheran World Federation; United Bible Societies; CARE; Aspen Leaders Council | notable_works = In Search of a Round Table: Gender, Theology and Church Leadership | education = [[University of Nairobi]]; [[University of Texas at Austin]] (PhD); San Francisco Theological Seminary | awards = Human Rights Award (1999); Wittenberg Award (2000) }} '''Musimbi Kanyoro''' mai rajin kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam ce, mai ayyukan taimakon jama'a (philanthropist), kuma masaniyar ilimi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 November 2014 |title=5 lessons for funding innovation for social change |url=https://www.devex.com/news/5-lessons-for-funding-innovation-for-social-change-84741 |website=Devex |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Musimbi Kanyoro {{!}} Women's Learning Partnership |url=https://learningpartnership.org/people/musimbi-kanyoro}}</ref> Ita ce shugabar Hukumar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Makarantun United World Colleges[3] sannan kuma mamba mai zaman kanta a makarantar .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cheney |first=Catherine |date=2024-11-01 |title=Collective leadership is key to lasting impact, in education and beyond |url=https://www.devex.com/news/collective-leadership-is-key-to-lasting-impact-in-education-and-beyond-108630 |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=Devex |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. Musimbi Kanyoro « The Uprising of Women in Philanthropy |url=https://uprisingofwomeninphilanthropy.com/the-author/dr-musimbi-kanyoro/ |access-date=2024-12-04}}</ref> Haka kuma ita ce ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar Circle of Concerned African Women Theologians (“the Circle”), kuma ita ce mai kula da ita ta farko daga shekarar 1996 zuwa 2002. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Labeodan |first=Helen A. |date=2016-07-08 |title=Revisiting the legacy of the Circle of Concerned African Women Theologians today: A lesson in strength and perseverance |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v37i2.1586 |journal=Verbum et Ecclesia |volume=37 |issue=2 |doi=10.4102/ve.v37i2.1586 |issn=2074-7705 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Musimbi Kanyoro a yankin Migori, Kenya, inda ta halarci makarantar firamare kafin ta shiga makarantar Alliance Girls a [[Nairobi]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Musimbi Kanyoro (Kenya) {{!}} WikiPeaceWomen – English |url=https://wikipeacewomen.org/wpworg/en/?page_id=3038 |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=wikipeacewomen.org}}</ref> A matsayinta na daliba a cikin shekarun 1970s, ta goyi bayan yunkurin adawa da wariyar launin fata a [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 May 2013 |title=Star Power at a Global Women's Conference |url=http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/05/03/star-power-at-a-global-womens-conference/?_r=0 |access-date=21 October 2013 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Kanyoro ta sami digiri na farko daga [[Jami'ar Nairobi]] da PhD a fannin Ilimin Harshe daga Jami'an Texas a Austin . Kanyoro daga baya ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin tauhidin mata a San Francisco Theological Seminary . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lowery |first=Stephanie A. |date=2020-05-22 |title=9 African Women Theologians You Should Know About |url=https://theglobalchurchproject.com/african-women-theologians-you-should-know-about/ |access-date=2020-10-25 |website=The GlobalChurch Project |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta kuma kasance malamin da ya ziyarci [[Ibrananci]] da [[Tsohon Alkawari]] a Makarantar Allah ta Harvard . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr Musimbi Kanyoro |url=https://unglobalcompact.org.au/speakers/dr-musimbi-kanyoro/ |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=UN Global Compact Network Australia |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Fayil:Musimbi_Kanyoro_and_Hillary_Rodham_Clinton.jpeg|thumb|Hillary Rodham Clinton da Musimbi Kanyoro a Asusun Duniya don Abincin Mata a watan Mayu 2013 a New York]] == Ayyuka == [[File:Kanyoro_Sirleaf.jpg|right|thumb|180x180px|Kanyoro tare da [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] .]] Kanyoro ta kasance babban sakatare, Desk for Women in Church and Society a Lutheran World Federation daga 1982 zuwa 1997. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GU |date=20 June 2011 |title=A Discussion with Musimbi Kanyoro, CEO and President of the Global Fund for Women |url=https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/interviews/a-discussion-with-musimbi-kanyoro-ceo-and-president-of-the-global-fund-for-women |access-date=27 July 2022}}</ref> Ta kuma shirya littafin In Search of a Round Table: Gender, Theology and Church Leadership, a cikin 1998.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Molloy |first=Cathy |date=Winter 1998 |title=Review: [Untitled] in Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30113966 |jstor=30113966 |access-date=27 July 2022}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga fassarar ga Ƙungiyar Littafi Mai-Tsarki ta United . Daga 1998 zuwa 2007, Kanyoro ya zama Babban Sakatare na farko wanda ba fari ba na YWCA na Duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Salzman |first=Marian |title=10 Power Women Brands |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mariansalzman/2015/09/08/10-power-women-brands/ |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Kanyoro ya kasance darektan Shirin Lafiya da Rubuce-rubuce na Gidauniyar David da Lucile Packard daga 2007 zuwa 2011. Ta kasance memba na Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Duniya don Taron Duniya na Beijing kuma ta jagoranci wakilai zuwa Taron Duniya biyar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a cikin 1990s. Daga 2018 har zuwa 2019, ta yi aiki a kan Kwamitin Mai Zaman Kanta kan Halin Jima'i, Alhakin da Canjin Al'adu a Oxfam, wanda [[Zainab Bangura]] da Katherine Sierra suka jagoranci. Musimbi Kanyoro ita ce shugabar kuma Shugaba na Asusun Duniya na Mata daga 2011 zuwa 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lieberman |first=Amy |date=13 August 2019 |title=Some gender equality progress 'slipping away,' says former Global Fund for Women CEO |url=https://www.devex.com/news/some-gender-equality-progress-slipping-away-says-former-global-fund-for-women-ceo-95440}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a cikin allon da yawa, gami da Majalisar Shugabannin Aspen, Kwamitin CARE, Babban Ma'aikatar Kula da Lafiya ta Haihuwa, Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Kwamitin Gudanar da Gaggawa na Shugaban Amurka don Taimako na Cutar AIDS (PEPFAR) " da Kwamitin Ba Da Shawara na Kimiyya na Duniya na Kwalejin Duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-14 |title=Dr Musimbi Kanyoro - Homeward Bound |url=https://homewardboundprojects.com.au/profile/dr-musimbi-kanyoro/ |access-date=2024-07-16 |language=en-AU}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=November 2018 |title=Musimbi Kanyoro Appointed Chair of UWC International Board |url=https://www.uwc.org/musimbiappointment |access-date=16 January 2019 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kanyoro ta yi aiki tare da tsohon shugaban Ireland [[Mary Robinson]] a kan ayyuka da yawa, gami da Kwamitin Daraktoci na Gaskiya Hakki: Da'a ta Globalization Initiative . Ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na Family Planning 2020 (FP2020) Reference Group.<ref>[http://www.familyplanning2020.org/about-us/reference-group FP2020 Reference Group] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181015184343/http://www.familyplanning2020.org/about-us/reference-group|date=15 October 2018}} Family Planning 2020 (FP2020).</ref><ref>[https://www.mrfcj.org/about/international-advisory-council/ International Advisory Council] [[Mary Robinson|Mary Robinson Foundation – Climate Justice]].</ref> Har ila yau, ita ce memba na Kwamitin Taimako na Duniya na Majalisar Gidaje . <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2012 |title=Global Philanthropy |url=http://www.cof.org/whoweserve/international/committee/index.cfm?navItemNumber=15638 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019231902/http://www.cof.org/whoweserve/international/committee/index.cfm?navItemNumber=15638 |archive-date=19 October 2013 |access-date=19 October 2013 |publisher=[[Council on Foundations]]}}</ref><ref name=":2"/> Kanyoro ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin daraktoci na Cibiyar Binciken Jama'a da Lafiya ta Afirka, kuma ya kasance shugaban kwamitin Ayyukan ISIS na shekaru bakwai. Ta kuma yi aiki a kan allon [[Hadin Gwiwa Don Taimakawa A Ko Ina|KARI]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2011 |title=CARE Announces Board Member Musimbi Kanyoro |url=http://www.care.org/newsroom/articles/2012/10/care-new-board-members-kanyoro-janah-20121009.asp |access-date=19 October 2013}}</ref> Intra Health, <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2010 |title=Musimbi Kanyoro Joins Intra Health International Board of Directors |url=http://www.intrahealth.org/page/musimbi-kanyoro-joins-intrahealth-internationals-board-of-directors |access-date=19 October 2013}}</ref> CHANGE da Legacy Memory Bank, <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 2007 |title=Musimbi Kanyoro Joins Board of Legacy Memory Bank |url=http://www.legacymemorybank.org/index.php?view=article&catid=36%3Abiography&id=69%3Amusimbi+kanyoro&option=com_content&Itemid=60 |access-date=19 October 2013 |archive-date=12 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512041040/http://www.legacymemorybank.org/index.php?view=article&catid=36%3Abiography&id=69%3Amusimbi+kanyoro&option=com_content&Itemid=60 |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuma memba ne na [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]]. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2025}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2025)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Karramawa da girmamawa == * 1999 - Kyautar 'Yancin Dan Adam <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 1999 |title=presented by Church Women United, USA, in recognition of commitment and dedication to global human rights of women |url=http://www.interpretermagazine.org/umns/usnews_archive.asp?ptid=2&story=%7BE510D330-9DC3-4E68-BAD0-D9C4B7837AD9%7D&mid=883 |access-date=21 October 2013}}</ref> * 1999 - Doctor of Divinity (mai daraja), Trinity Lutheran Seminary, (TLS) Amurka, don muhimmiyar gudummawa ga tauhidin Kirista * 2000 - Kyautar Wittenberg <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2000 |title=presented by the Luther Institute, USA in recognition of outstanding service to church and society |url=http://www.elca.org/Who-We-Are/Our-Three-Expressions/Churchwide-Organization/Communication-Services/News/Releases.aspx?a=3673 |access-date=21 October 2013}}</ref> * 2005 - an sanya shi a matsayin yabo na Jihar Kenya Moran na Order of the Burning Spear (MBS) <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 December 2005 |title=Selected Gazette Notices From Vol. CVII-No.85 |url=http://www.law.co.ke/KenyaGazette/view_gazette.php?title=1145 |access-date=18 October 2013 |publisher=Republic of Kenya |archive-date=24 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180424172059/http://www.law.co.ke/KenyaGazette/view_gazette.php?title=1145 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2005 - Kyautar Mata ta Abinci <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2005 |title=African Women's Development Fund, Accra, Ghana |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200510241020.html |access-date=21 October 2013}}</ref> * 2005 - Kyautar Jagorancin Duniya, World Vision da International AIDS Trust, Amurka<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2005 |title=World Vision and International AIDS Trust, USA |url=http://www.abeingo.org/profiles/musimbi%20kanyoro.pdf |access-date=21 October 2013 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * 2005 - An zabi mata 1000 don kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya, <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2005 |title=Nominee, 1000 Women for the Nobel Peace Prize |url=http://www.worldywca.org/YWCA-News/World-YWCA-and-Member-Associations-News/World-YWCA-General-Secretary-Nominated-for-Nobel-Peace-Prize |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021225504/http://www.worldywca.org/YWCA-News/World-YWCA-and-Member-Associations-News/World-YWCA-General-Secretary-Nominated-for-Nobel-Peace-Prize |archive-date=21 October 2013 |access-date=21 October 2013}}</ref> * 2006 - Mata, Jagora da Kyautar Dan Adam <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2006 |title=for significant contribution to advancement of human dignity, presented by Birmingham-South College, Birmingham, Alabama, USA |url=http://www.bsc.edu/communications/southern/summer06/summer-06.pdf |access-date=21 October 2013 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303210201/http://www.bsc.edu/communications/southern/summer06/summer-06.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2008 - Adireshin buɗewa: Nelson Mandela Lecture Series a [[Jami'ar Kudancin Australia]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 October 2008 |title=presented by the University of South Australia and the Bob Hawke Prime Ministerial Centre, Adelaide, Australia |url=http://w3.unisa.edu.au/hawkecentre/nml/default.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021225422/http://w3.unisa.edu.au/hawkecentre/nml/default.asp |archive-date=21 October 2013 |access-date=21 October 2013}}</ref> * 2011 - Canja Fuskar Philanthropy <ref>{{Cite web |date=7–9 April 2011 |title=presented by the Women's Funding Network, San Francisco, California, USA |url=http://www.womensfundingnetwork.org/sites/wfnet.org/files/cfp-awards-presentation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021222737/http://www.womensfundingnetwork.org/sites/wfnet.org/files/cfp-awards-presentation.pdf |archive-date=21 October 2013 |access-date=21 October 2013}}</ref> * 2012 - Majalisar Bincike ta Kasa kan Mata 2012 <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 2012 |title=30-year anniversary celebrating 30 outstanding women |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=208399678&privcapId=102269853&previousCapId=4976197&previousTitle=Arie%20and%20Ida%20Crown%20Memorial%20Foundation |access-date=21 October 2013}}{{Dead link|date=April 2023}}</ref> == Littattafan da aka zaɓa == == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1953]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] p202ag7lzhsqfoe7vigqcdd8m6snjcc 0 148446 842906 836815 2026-05-30T02:01:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842906 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Muna Khalif Yusef''' ([[Somalis|Somaliya]]_language" id="mwCw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Somali language" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Somali: Muna Khalif Sheekh Abuu, Larabci: ), wanda aka fi sani da '''Muna Kay''', ɗan kasuwa ne na Somali-Amurka, mai tsara kayan ado kuma ɗan majalisa. Ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugaba na alamar Um Lemar. Khalif kuma tana aiki a matsayin 'yar majalisa a majalisar dokokin tarayya ta Somalia, kuma an zabe ta ne daga yankin Kudu maso Yamma. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Muna Khalif (cikakken suna - Muna Khalif Yusef) an haife ta ne a [[Somaliya]] . <ref name="Entr">{{Cite journal |date=October–December 2015 |title=Entrepreneurship - The Fashion Designer with a Big Dream |url=https://www.joomag.com/magazine/the-somalia-investor-magazine-vol-1i-issue-4i-2015/0526831001452766078?page=38 |journal=The Somalia Investor |volume=1 |issue=4 |access-date=25 September 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Fedparl">{{Cite web |date=26 November 2016 |title=Four More MPs Elected to the Lower House in Baidoa |url=https://unsom.unmissions.org/four-more-mps-elected-lower-house-baidoa |access-date=25 September 2017 |publisher=UN}}</ref> Iyalinta sun fito ne daga dangin Tunni.<ref name="Fedparl" /> Bayan yakin basasa ya ɓarke a wurin haihuwarta, ita da iyayenta sun yi hijira zuwa Ingila. Khalif ta yi karatun abinci mai gina jiki a kwaleji. Daga baya ta kuma dauki darussan zane-zane. == Ayyuka == === Muna Kay === Khalif shine wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Um Lemar, layin tufafi mai suna wanda ke kula da kasuwar Islama. Ta kafa alamar don samar da matasan mata Musulmai da tufafi masu kyau waɗanda ke bin ƙa'idodin tawali'u. Khalif daga baya ta ƙaddamar da Baby Lemar, tarin tufafin jarirai mai suna bayan ɗanta.<ref name="Entr"/> Ya zuwa 2016, kamfanin Muna Kay yana aiki a duniya, tare da kantin sayar da kayayyaki a [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]], [[Gabashin Afirka]] da [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]]. Har ila yau, tana da cibiyar masana'antu a kasar Sin.<ref name="Entr"/> Bugu da ƙari, Khalif shine shugaban Gidauniyar Um Lemar. Kungiyar agaji tana ba da taimako ga marasa galihu, kuma tana ba da horo da jagoranci ga mata da 'yan mata.<ref name="Entr"/> === Majalisar Tarayya ta Somalia === [[Fayil:2016_16_Youth_Workshop-6_(30821301124).jpg|thumb|Dan majalisa na tarayya Muna Khalif yana jagorantar taron siyasa.]] A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2016, Khalif ta gabatar da kanta a matsayin dan takara don kujerar majalisa a majalisar dokokin tarayya ta Somalia . An zabe ta a matsayin wakilin Jihar Kudu maso Yamma, inda ta samu kuri'u 41.<ref name="Fedparl"/> Wani hukumar kula da zabe daga baya ya yi kira ga sake zaben a kan dalilin da ya sa Khalif da wasu 'yan majalisa bakwai ba su cika ƙofar zabe ba. Kotun Koli ta amince da wannan hukuncin. Koyaya, Majalisar Tarayya ta soke shawarar, tare da Ƙananan Majalisar a maimakon haka ta ba da izinin Khalif da sauran 'yan majalisa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Judiciary set for supremacy war as House 'annuls' Court ruling over election of 8 MPs |url=http://garsoornews.com/mararkamaantay/judiciary-set-for-supremacy-war-as-house-annuls-court-ruling-over-election-of-8-mps/ |access-date=25 September 2017 |publisher=Garsoor Online |archive-date=26 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170926095959/http://garsoornews.com/mararkamaantay/judiciary-set-for-supremacy-war-as-house-annuls-court-ruling-over-election-of-8-mps/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.munakay.com/}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] hnjwx72917alqik5semf31ct250dexb 0 148479 842910 828857 2026-05-30T02:21:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Musa Didam''' (14 ga Afrilu 1933 - 6 ga Nuwamba 2018) ya kasance tsohon Shugaban Gundumar [[Kafanchan]] (Kafanchan Kewaye), sannan a cikin Masarautar Jama'a kuma daga baya masarautar asalin ƙasar Fantswam, [[Jerin jihohin gargajiya na Najeriya|Jihar gargajiya ta Najeriya]] a kudanci [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]], Najeriya. An kuma san shi da taken "''Mallam Musa Didam,''" "Mr. Musa Didam" da "''Agwam Fantswam I.''".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Composition of the State's Council of Chiefs, Kaduna State Government |url=https://localgov.kdsg.gov.ng/?page_id=31 |access-date=11 August 2020 |archive-date=15 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115175652/https://localgov.kdsg.gov.ng/?page_id=31 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2019 |title=LIST OF EMIRS AND CHIEFS IN KADUNA STATE UNDER THE CHAIRMANSHIP IF EMIR IF ZAZZAU |url=https://royaltymagazine.com.ng/list-of-emirs-and-chiefs-in-kaduna-state-under-the-chairmanship-of-emir-of-zazzau/ |access-date=11 August 2020 |website=Royalty Magazine }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ibrahim |first=Longtong |date=1 June 2016 |title=SOUTHERN KADUNA TRADITIONAL RULERS SUPPORT CHILD BIRTH SPACING |url=https://www.africaprimenews.com/2016/06/01/health/southern-kaduna-traditional-leaders-support-child-birth-spacing/ |access-date=11 August 2020 |website=Africa Prime News |archive-date=28 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128195452/https://africaprimenews.com/2016/06/01/health/southern-kaduna-traditional-leaders-support-child-birth-spacing/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == HRH Agwam Musa Didam an haife shi ne a Chen (H. Kurmi), Zikpak, [[Kafancan|Fantswam]] (Kafanchan), a cikin tsohuwar [[Yankin Arewacin Najeriya|Yankin Arewa]], [[Mallakar Najeriya|Birtaniya Najeriya]] (''yanzu'' Fantswam) [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]], Najeriya, a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 1933. Mahaifinsa, Didam Dadyi manomi ne kuma mahaifiyarsa, Ndwan Kuhyeb uwar gida ce.<ref name=Bio/> Matashin Didam ya fara ne a Ofishin Jakadancin Cikin Gida na Sudan (SIM), a [[Kafancan|Fantswam]] (Kafanchan) bayan haka ya ci gaba zuwa Ofishin Jakadun Cikin Gida (SIM, [[Kagoro|Gworok]] (Kagoro), don kammala karatun firamare. Bayan karfafawa sosai daga mahaifinsa, bayan kammala karatunsa na firamare ya ci gaba zuwa Kwalejin Katsina don karatun digiri na III da na II tsakanin 1958 - 1964. Daga cikin takwarorinsa da suka halarci kwalejin tare da shi sune Mista Micah Kalat, Col. Iliya Baba (mutu) da Mallam Abubakar Sanga .<ref name=Bio/> == Ayyuka == Didam ya fara aiki a ilimi a matsayin malami, ya tashi ya zama shugaban makarantar firamare, Ancha sannan daga baya, makarantar firamaren, [[Kaura|Watyap (Kaura)]] inda ya bar alamomi.<ref name=Bio/> Da yake yana son ilimi, ya ci gaba kuma ya sami Takardar shaidar Ilimi ta Kasa a Kwalejin Ilimi kuma yana daga cikin ɗaliban farko na Kwalejin Malamai (ATC), Kafanchan . Daga nan sai ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] (ABU), [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]] inda ya sami B.Ed. a cikin Lissafi.<ref name=Bio/> A matsayinsa na ɗan wasan, ya zama kyaftin din [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] da hockey na wannan ma'aikatar. == Rayuwar iyali == Didam ya auri Miss Akamai Atyong wanda ya sadu da shi yayin da yake [[Kagoro|Gworok (Kagoro)]] a shekara ta 1954. Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya goma wato: Hauwa, Lydia, Victor, Angela, Simon, Usman, Serah, Gin, Tuman da Jang. Da yake shi uba ne mai ƙauna da kulawa, ya jimre cewa 'ya'yansa sun sami ilimi sosai. Ya kasance a lokacin binne shi, an albarkace shi da jikoki 22 da jikoki tara.<ref name=Bio>{{Cite book |title=Biography section of Burial programme |publisher=Family}}</ref> == Rayuwar imani == Didam ya yarda da Ubangiji [[Isa|Yesu Kristi]] a matsayin mai ceton kansa kuma ya yi baftisma a shekarar 1964. Yayinda yake girma a rayuwar ruhaniya, ya zama memba na Boys' Brigade da Scouts kuma mai shiga cikin ayyukansu. Ya kuma kasance memba na ƙungiyar maza na coci kuma ya taimaka wajen bunkasa cocin, domin yana da ƙarfin zuciya, ƙarfin zuciya kuma ya yi wa Allah da mutum hidima da dukan zuciyarsa.<ref name=Bio/> == Matsayin shugabanci == Didam ya kasance jagora a tsakanin takwarorinsa da matasa kuma ya shiga cikin ci gaban al'umma kamar gine-ginen hanya da gada da ke haɗa ƙauyuka da yawa a kusa, kuma koyaushe yana jagora. Ya kuma so ya shiga cikin tarurruka da aka yi niyyar bunkasa al'ummar Fantswam.<ref name=Bio/> Wadannan da sauransu sun haifar da zabinsa a tsakanin wasu da yawa don zama Shugaban Gundumar Fantswam na farko lokacin da aka kirkiro sabon gundumar a 1991. Sarautarsa ta kasance alama ce ta yawan masu sauraron sa inda ya ba da kunnuwa ga kowa ba tare da la'akari da kabilanci ko addini ba.<ref name=Bio/> Bayan bukatar da shi da sauran 'ya'ya maza da mata na Fantswam suka yi don kirkirar Fantswam Chiefdom da kuma kirkirar shi da gwamnan [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]] na lokacin, [[Ahmed Makarfi]], an sanya shi Agwam Fantswam na farko (Kafanchan) a ranar 25 ga Janairun 2001. An kirkiro ƙarin gundumomi shida don yin bakwai don shugabanci don sauƙaƙe gudanarwa da haɓaka saurin a lokacin mulkinsa.<ref name=Bio/> == Rashin lafiya da mutuwa == {{Photomontage | photo1a = Agwam Fantswam I Graveyard 1.jpg | photo2a = Agwam Musa Didam Graveyard 2.jpg | photo2b =Agwam Musa Didam Graveyard 3.jpg | spacing = 2 | color_border = white | color = white | size = 250 | foot_montage =^{Resting place of Agwam Musa Didam, Zikpak, Kafanchan}}} Didam ya sha wahala daga [[Ciwon suga|Ciwon sukari]] da hawan jini na shekaru da yawa, kuma bayan shekaru 17 a matsayin Agwam [[Kafancan|Fantswam]] I, ya mutu a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba 2018, yana da shekaru 85. An binne shi a gidansa a Zikpak, Fantswam (Kafanchan) a ranar Jumma'a 9 ga Nuwamba 2018. == Kisan matarsa == Kafofin yada labarai da yawa sun ruwaito cewa makiyaya na Fulani sun mamaye gidansa a ranar 25 ga Yulin 2020 inda suka kashe matarsa, ɗan'uwansa (mahaifin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya, [[Joe El]]), suna ƙone gidan a cikin tsari.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2020 |title=Fulani herdsmen defy curfew to attack Southern Kaduna communities |url=https://thecitizenng.com/fulani-herdsmen-defy-curfew-to-attack-southern-kaduna-communities/ |access-date=11 August 2020}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == {{S-start}} {{S-hou|Zikpak royal house|14 April|1933|6 November|2018|}} {{S-reg}} {{S-bef}} {{S-ttl|title=Agwam Fantswam}} {{S-aft}} {{S-end}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] oyg2v72pgkl42xhrpzs6qz30xi1rvko 0 148766 842495 832580 2026-05-29T15:17:26Z Barras 1258 Requesting deletion ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]] v3.1b) 842495 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{delete|cw spam/abuse. Tagging this article to have a local admin reviewing this article. The creator is globally locked. @admins: Feel free to remove the deletion tag is the article is valid. <small>[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]]</small>}}</noinclude> '''Ansuman Bhagat''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Maris 1996) marubuci ne na harshen Hindi daga Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, Indiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=लेखक अंशुमन भगत का व्यक्तित्व |url=https://www.hindisamay.com/writer/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4.cspx?id=3352&name=%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4 |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=www.hindisamay.com }}</ref> Shi ne marubucin littattafai da dama, ciki har da littafinsa na huɗu, ''Ek Safar Mein'', wanda ke bincika batutuwa da suka shafi masana’antar talabijin da nishaɗi ta Bollywood.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2026-02-02 |title=When writer Ansuman Bhagat exposed the dark reality of Bollywood in his book: 'Newcomers are frequently deceived, money is extorted...' |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/when-writer-ansuman-bhagat-exposed-the-dark-reality-of-bollywood-in-his-book-newcomers-are-frequently-deceived-money-is-extorted-13975552.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260203064752/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/when-writer-ansuman-bhagat-exposed-the-dark-reality-of-bollywood-in-his-book-newcomers-are-frequently-deceived-money-is-extorted-13975552.html |archive-date=2026-02-03 |access-date=2026-02-16 |work=Firstpost |language=fp-IN |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharatvarsh |first=TV9 |date=2021-11-30 |title=टीवी इंडस्ट्री में कैसे बनता-बिगड़ता है उभरते कलाकारों का करियर? अंशुमन भगत की किताब 'एक सफर में' से खुलेंगे कई राज |url=https://www.tv9hindi.com/entertainment/television/writer-ansuman-bhagat-book-ek-safar-mein-will-revealed-shocking-truth-on-tv-industries-casting-couch-938170.html |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=TV9 Bharatvarsh |language=hi}}</ref> A lokacin annobar [[COVID-19 pandemic cases|COVID-19]], Bhagat ya rubuta wasiƙa buɗe zuwa ga Firayim Ministan Indiya [[Narendra Modi|Narendra Mod]]<nowiki/>i game da gudanar da annobar da damuwar jama’a.<ref>{{Cite web |title=जमशेदपुर के युवा लेखक अंशुमन भगत ने प्रधानमंत्री को कोरोना प्रबंधन पर दिए सुझाव, किया ये दावा - Jamshedpur young writer Anshuman Bhagat gave suggestions to the Prime Minister Narendra Modi on corona management claimed this |url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur-jamshedpur-young-writer-anshuman-bhagat-gave-suggestions-to-the-prime-minister-narendra-modi-on-corona-management-claimed-this-21597876.html |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Jagran |language=hi}}</ref> Haka kuma ya gabatar da kwafin littafinsa ga Harivansh Narayan Singh, Mataimakin Shugaban Rajya Sabha, a bikin ''Jamshedpur Literature Festival''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=News |date=2025-12-22 |title=Jamshedpur author presents his book to Deputy Rajya Sabha Chairman Harivansh |url=https://avenuemail.in/jamshedpur-author-presents-his-book-to-deputy-rajya-sabha-chairman-harivansh/ |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=The Avenue Mail |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Story |first=Jharkhand |date=2025-12-26 |title=Anshuman Bhagat presents his new book to RS Dy Chairman Harivansh at Jamshedpur Literature Festival |url=https://thejharkhandstory.co.in/author-anshuman-bhagat-presents-his-new-book-to-harivansh-rai-at-jamshedpur-literature-festival/ |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=The Jharkhand Story |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=author/lokmat-news |date=2025-12-22 |title=जमशेदपुर लिटरेचर फेस्टिवल 2025ः उपसभापति हरिवंश को अंशुमन भगत ने भेंट की पुस्तक “एक सफ़र में”, कलाकार, लेखक और दिग्गज शामिल |url=https://www.lokmatnews.in/india/jamshedpur-literature-festival-2025-anshuman-bhagat-presents-book-ek-safar-mein-vice-chairman-harivansh-artists-writers-and-luminaries-attend-b507/ |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Lokmat News Hindi |language=hi}}</ref> == Rayuwar Farko da Ilimi == An haifi Ansuman Bhagat a ranar 7 ga Maris 1996 a Jamshedpur, [[Jharkhand]], cikin iyalin Hindu. Iyayensa, ''Kismavati Devi'' da ''Joginder Bhagat'', sun ba shi tarbiyya ta al’ada da matsakaicin hali; mahaifiyarsa mai kula da gida ce, yayin da mahaifinsa ke harkar kasuwanci. Yana da ‘yan’uwa maza guda biyu, dukkansu malamai ne. Wannan yanayin iyali da muhimmancin ilimi sun taimaka sosai wajen bunƙasa halayensa da tunaninsa tun yana ƙarami. Bhagat ya kammala karatun farko a Jamshedpur sannan ya ci gaba da karatu, ciki har da ilimin halayyar ɗan adam, inda ya fara sha’awar wasan kwaikwayo da rubutun kirkira. Ya samu horo na wasan kwaikwayo a ''Media Mantra Acting Academy'' sannan ya koma Mumbai domin faɗaɗa kwarewarsa. A wannan lokacin, ya yi nazari mai zurfi kan adabi, al’umma da rayuwa, wanda ya taimaka wajen kafa shi a matsayin marubuci.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-06 |title=लेखन से मिली है लेखक अंशुमन भगत को बड़ी प्रसिद्धि |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur/story-writer-anshuman-bhagat-got-great-fame-from-writing-6440036.html |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=www.livehindustan.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=एक ऐसा लेखक जो कृष्ण भक्ति में रहता है लीन, वृन्दावन में बसता है दिल |url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/uttar-pradesh/mathura/writer-who-remains-engrossed-in-devotion-to-krishna-his-heart-resides-in-vrindavan/articleshow/103438129.cms |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Navbharat Times |language=hi}}</ref> == Aikin Rubutu == Ansuman Bhagat ya fara aikin rubutunsa a shekarar 2018 da littafinsa na farko ''Your Own Thought'', wanda aka wallafa ta Invincle Publishers na Delhi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fb |last2=Tw |last3=Linkdin |last4=Whatsapp |last5=Us |first5=GNFollow |title=युवा लेखकों को कैसे प्रेरणा दे रहे हैं जमशेदपुर के राइटर अंशुमन भगत, जानिए उनकी दिलचस्प कहानी |url=https://hindi.asianetnews.com/jharkhand/writer-ansuman-bhagat-has-got-great-fame-from-writing-rbmlzh/articleshow-s2ddl9 |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Asianet News Hindi |language=hi}}</ref> Littafin ya samu yabo daga marubucin Jamshedpur mai suna C. Bhaskar Rao. Bhagat ya samu shahara sosai da littafinsa na huɗu ''Ek Safar Mein'', wanda ke bayyana rayuwa da kalubale a masana’antar Bollywood da talabijin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=बॉलीवुड की हकीकत बयां करती है अंशुमन भगत की किताब 'एक सफर में', जानिए कैसी होती है मायानगरी की लाइफ? |url=https://www.india.com/hindi-news/entertainment-hindi/writer-ansuman-bhagat-book-ek-safar-mein-open-up-reality-of-bollywood-film-industry-read-in-hindi-5568738/ |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=www.india.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-24 |title=झारखंड के अंशुमन भगत का एक्टर से लेखक बनने तक का दिलचस्प सफर, जानें |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/ampstories/jharkhand-ansuman-bhagat-journey-from-actor-to-popular-writer |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Prabhat Khabar |language=en}}</ref> Ayyukansa kamar ''Rajnaitik Gherav'' sun samu yabo daga tsohon Babban Ministan Jharkhand Raghubar Das.<ref>{{Cite news |title=जमशेदपुर के लेखक अंशुमन भगत को इंडिया बुक ऑफ रिकॉर्ड्स का मिला खिताब |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/jharkhand/jamshedpur-jamshedpur-writer-anshuman-bhagat-got-title-of-india-book-of-records-jhnj-3621464.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250810172244/https://hindi.news18.com/news/jharkhand/jamshedpur-jamshedpur-writer-anshuman-bhagat-got-title-of-india-book-of-records-jhnj-3621464.html |archive-date=2025-08-10 |access-date=2026-02-16 |work=News18 हिंदी |language=hi-IN |url-status=live }}</ref> An san shi da salon rubutu mai sauƙi amma mai zurfi, inda ayyukansa ke nuna fahimta mai ƙarfi game da al’umma, rayuwa da al’adu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-11 |title=Welcome to Jamshedpur – News, Tourist Attractions, Lifestyle & Travel |url=https://your-website-url.com/ |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Welcome to Jamshedpur |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-04 |title=हिंदी साहित्य में सफलता की उड़ान भर रहे जमशेदपुर के लेखक अंशुमन भगत, अपनी लेखनी से बनाई पहचान |url=https://www.patrika.com/new-delhi-news/jamshedpur-s-writer-ansuman-bhagat-flying-success-in-hindi-literature-with-his-writing-8145374 |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Patrika News |language=hi}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Author Literary Awards, Goa (2025) – ''saboda Ek Safar Mein.''<ref>{{Cite news |title=जमशेदपुर के युवा लेखक अंशुमन भगत को गोवा में मिलेगा राष्ट्रीय सम्मान, बॉलीवुड के संघर्षों पर लिखी किताब ने बटोरी सराहना |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/jharkhand/jamshedpur-jamshedpurs-young-writer-anshuman-bhagat-will-receive-national-honor-in-goa-for-his-book-on-bollywood-local18-9377687.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250709003033/https://hindi.news18.com/news/jharkhand/jamshedpur-jamshedpurs-young-writer-anshuman-bhagat-will-receive-national-honor-in-goa-for-his-book-on-bollywood-local18-9377687.html |archive-date=2025-07-09 |access-date=2026-02-16 |work=News18 हिंदी |language=hi-IN |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vani |first=Udit |date=2025-07-05 |title=Bollywood Industry के संघर्षों पर लिखी किताब के लिए लेखक अंशुमन भगत को मिलेगा 'ऑथर लिटरेरी अवॉर्ड्स गोवा 2025' सम्मान |url=https://uditvani.in/jharkhand/jamshedpur/anshuman-bhagat-ek-safar-mein-award/ |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Udit Vani |language=en-US}}</ref> * Best Author of the Year (2022) – ''saboda Ek Safar Mein.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=2022-04-24 |title=जमशेदपुर के अंशुमन भगत चुने गए 2022 के सर्वश्रेष्ठ लेखक, मन ओ मौसुमी ने किया सम्मानित |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hindi/jharkhand/city/jamshedpur/jamshedpur-anshuman-bhagat-selected-for-best-writer-of-2022-by-monomousumi/jh20220424200156768768656 |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=जमशेदपुर के अंशुमन ने जीता वर्ष 2022 के सर्वश्रेष्ठ लेखक का पुरस्कार |url=https://www.drishtiias.com/hindi/state-pcs-current-affairs/jamshedpur-anshuman-won-the-award-for-the-best-writer-of-the-year-2022 |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Drishti IAS |language=en}}</ref> * Gurudev Sahitya Puraskar (2025) – ''saboda Ek Safar Mein.'' * India Book of Records (2021) – ''saboda gudummawa ga adabi.''<ref>{{Cite news |title=Jamshedpur author in India Book of Records 2022 |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur-author-in-india-book-of-records-2022/cid/1821898 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312114300/https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur-author-in-india-book-of-records-2022/cid/1821898 |archive-date=2025-03-12 |access-date=2026-02-16 |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref> == Rikice-rikice == * A watan Agusta 2023, Bhagat ya shiga cikin wani zargi na honey trap da ya faru da misalin karfe 5 na safe, inda ya tsira ba tare da rauni ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-24 |title=जमशेदपुर : हनी ट्रैप का शिकार होने से बचे लेखक अंशुमन भगत |url=https://lagatar.in/jamshedpur-writer-anshuman-bhagat-saved-from-becoming-a-victim-of-honey-trap |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Lagatar Media Pvt. Ltd. |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Devanand |date=2023-08-24 |title=Jamshedpur Blackmail : युवा लेखक अंशुमन भगत के साथ अचानक हुआ ऐसा क‍ि उड़ गये होश, आप भी जान‍िए और सतर्क-सावधान रहें - Rashtra Samvad |url=https://rashtrasamvad.com/jamshedpur-blackmail-suddenly-something-happened-with-young-writer-anshuman-bhagat-that-you-lost-your-senses-you-should-also-know-and-be-careful/ |access-date=2026-02-16 |language=en-US}}</ref> * A watan Yuni 2022, ya nuna damuwa kan rayuwar marubuta tare da rubuta wasiƙa ga Babban Ministan Jharkhand Hemant Soren.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=News |date=2022-06-10 |title=Jamshedpur writer Ansuman Bhagat writes to CM, seeks support |url=https://avenuemail.in/jamshedpur-writer-ansuman-bhagat-writes-to-cm-seeks-support/ |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=The Avenue Mail |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-22 |title=लेखक अंशुमन भगत ने लिखा सीएम हेमंत सोरेन को पत्र,राज्य के लेखकों को प्रोत्साहन देने की मांग |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur/story-writer-anshuman-bhagat-wrote-a-letter-to-cm-hemant-soren-demanding-encouragement-to-the-writers-of-the-state-6526334.html |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=www.livehindustan.com |language=hi}}</ref> * A ranar 1 Maris 2025, an kai masa hari a gidansa da misalin 5:15 na yamma.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nag |first=Dipak |date=2025-03-02 |title=जमशेदपुर : शहर के प्रसिद्ध लेखक अंशुमन भगत पर बर्बर हमला, इंसानियत हुई शर्मसार |url=https://vananchal24tvlive.com/jamshedpur-barbaric-attack-on-citys-famous-writer-anshuman-bhagat-humanity-put-to-shame/ |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Vananchal 24TV Live - वनांचल 24TV लाइव |language=en-US}}</ref> == Littattafan da aka wallafa == * ''Ek Safar Mein<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharatvarsh |first=TV9 |date=2021-12-18 |title=अंशुमन भगत की किताब 'एक सफर में' हुई लॉन्च, टीवी इंडस्ट्री पर है आधारित |url=https://www.tv9hindi.com/entertainment/television/ansuman-bhagat-book-based-on-tv-industry-ek-safar-main-is-launched-today-965249.html |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=TV9 Bharatvarsh |language=hi}}</ref>'' * ''Rajnaitik Gherav''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-14 |title=नई किताब ‘राजनीतिक घेराव’ से फिर सुर्खियों में जमशेदपुर के युवा लेखक अंशुमन भगत, जानिए क्या है खास |url=https://www.patrika.com/jamshedpur-news/jamshedpur-famous-writer-ansuman-bhagat-s-new-book-rajnitik-gherab-8042372 |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Patrika News |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=राजनीति पर अंशुमन भगत की जल्द आएगी किताब |url=https://www.inextlive.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur/anshuman-bhagat-new-book-will-be-published-soon-1650221408 |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=inextlive |language=hi}}</ref> * ''Jati Mat Poochho''<ref>{{Cite web |last=डेस्क |first=डीएनए हिंदी वेब |title=जातिवाद और भेदभाव के रंग में रंगे लोगों की आंखे खोल देगी 'जाति मत पूछो' |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/hindi/lifestyle/live-updates-ansuman-bhagat-book-jati-mat-pucho-will-break-the-rule-of-casteism-awareness-against-cast-through-literature-4104696 |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=DNA Hindi |language=hi}}</ref> * ''Your Own Thought''<ref>{{Cite web |title=कोविड-19 से लड़ने की प्रेरणा देते हैं युवा लेखक अंशुमन भगत, ओएमजी ने किया सम्मानित |url=https://www.amarujala.com/kavya/ansuman-bhagat-makes-omg-books-of-records-for-book-your-own-thought |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}</ref> == Girmamawa == * A shekarar 2023, an gayyace shi a matsayin ɗan tattaunawa a Vadodara Literature Festival tare da Khalid Javed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=झारखंड की भाषाओं में है अपनापन और गहराई : अंशुमन |url=https://www.inextlive.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur/jamshedpur-writer-anshuman-bhagat-also-participated-in-vadodara-literature-festival-1684178132 |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=inextlive |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-16 |title=Literature festival: भाषाएं कराती हैं अपनेपन का अहसास, लिटरेचर फेस्टिवल में क्षेत्रीय भाषाओं पर जोर |url=https://www.patrika.com/meerut-news/anshuman-bhagat-discusses-the-importance-of-regional-languages-at-iimun-literature-festival-8241443 |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=Patrika News |language=hi}}</ref> * Hukumar MyGov ta amince da gudummawar adabinsa. * A shekarar 2022, an zaɓi Bhagat domin la’akari da shi don lambar yabo ta Padma Shri.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Madan |first=Jatin |title=जमशेदपुर का नाम रोशन कर रहे हैं अंशुमन भगत, पद्म श्री अवॉर्ड्स 2023 के लिए हुए नॉमिनेट |url=https://www.newsnationtv.com/states/jharkhand/anshuman-bhagat-is-nominated-for-padma-shri-awards-2023-307225.html |access-date=2026-02-16 |website=www.newsnationtv.com |language=hi}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 8sev3xp94p1ny7s4qzozk2cr72p2fys 3 149071 842504 829423 2026-05-29T15:30:37Z KonstantinaG07 7299 KonstantinaG07 moved page [[Tattaunawar user:Animaǂ]] to [[Tattaunawar user:Magos Kaladon]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Animaǂ|Animaǂ]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Magos Kaladon|Magos Kaladon]]" 829423 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Animaǂ! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Animaǂ|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 3 Mayu 2026 (UTC) t6ztc10wjmzn0xv1ktao4diru8ve2af 0 149323 842702 830390 2026-05-29T19:20:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842702 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Milan Vissie''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1995) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na ƙasar Holland wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Sana'a == Vissie ya sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa na farko da Ajax a ranar 1 ga Yuli 2014, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama memba a kungiyar har zuwa 30 ga Yuni 2016. Kwantiragin ya kunshi zabin karin shekara, har zuwa 30 ga Yuni 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2014 |title=#Ajax contracteert 3 spelers uit eigen jeugd: @XavierMous, Milan Vissie en Danny Bakker. |url=https://twitter.com/afcajax/status/483958959188238337 |website=Twitter |language=nl}}</ref> An kara Vissie cikin tawagar Jong Ajax a lokacin wasannin share fagen kakar wasa ta 2014-15, inda ya buga wasanni da dama na sada zumunci. A ranar 12 ga Yuli 2014, Vissie ya fara buga wasa a kungiyar farko ta Ajax a wasan sada zumunci da kungiyar Jamus [[SV Hönnepel-Niedermörmter]], inda ya maye gurbin Lerin Duarte a minti na 60. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 July 2014 |title=Ajax verslaat Hönnepel met 6-0 |url=https://www.ajax1.nl/ajax-verslaat-honnepel-met-6-0/ |website=Ajax1.nl |language=nl-NL |access-date=5 May 2026 |archive-date=14 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614214156/https://www.ajax1.nl/ajax-verslaat-honnepel-met-6-0/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Vissie ya fara buga wasansa na farko a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Jong Ajax a gasar Eerste Divisie a ranar 12 ga Disamba 2014 a wasan waje da MVV, wanda ya kare da kunnen doki 2-2. Vissie ya shigo filin wasa ne don Danny Bakker bayan hutun rabin lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=MVV - Jong Ajax 2:2 (Eerste Divisie 2014/2015, 18. Round) |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/match-report/ma2220057/lineup/ |access-date=14 June 2021 |website=worldfootball.net |language=en}}</ref> Vissie ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a hukumance a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙwararru a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2015, a wasan da suka sha kashi a gida da MVV da ci 1-3. A lokacin bazara na 2016, Ajax ba ta tsawaita kwangilarsa da ta ƙare ba, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama ɗan wasa mai zaman kansa. Vissie ya rattaba hannu da SC Cambuur a ƙarshen watan Yunin 2016, inda zai buga wasa a matakin 'yan wasa tare da ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21. [1] A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2016, ya fara buga wasa a matsayin wanda ba a hukumance ba a ƙungiyar farko a wasan sada zumunci da 'yan wasan De Trije Doarpen . Vissie ta fara wasa da Cambuur a rabin farko. [2] Bayan ya bar Cambuur zuwa ƙungiyar Achilles '29 ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 a lokacin bazara na 2017, Vissie ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar yaransa ta HVV Hollandia jim kaɗan bayan haka a ranar 7 ga Satumba 2017. A shekara mai zuwa ya koma ODIN '59, <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 June 2018 |title=Selectienieuws: Milan Vissie versterkt middenveld ODIN'59 |url=https://www.odin59.nl/1/1651/selectienieuws-milan-vissie-versterkt-middenveld-odin59/ |website=Odin'59 |language=nl}}</ref> amma ya koma Hollandia bayan kakar wasa ɗaya. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] 24cnda7afbs8ivsrjtk8myt8nfsnfai 0 149352 842432 830883 2026-05-29T12:23:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842432 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mary Connie Livuza Mpanga''' 'yar siyasa ce a Malawi . <ref>{{Cite web |last=EveryPolitician |date= |title=Malawi - National Assembly - 2014– |url=https://everypolitician.org/malawi/assembly/term-table/2014.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126200957/https://everypolitician.org/malawi/assembly/term-table/2014.html |archive-date=2024-11-26 |access-date=2021-10-22 |publisher=EveryPolitician}}</ref> Tana wakiltar Phalombe ta Kudu a Majalisar Dokokin Malawi . == Rayuwa == An fara zabar Mpanga a shekarar 2009 kuma ta zama memba na Jam'iyyar Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). Ita memba ce a Kungiyar Mata ta Majalisar Dokokin Malawi . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hon. Mary Mpanga – PWC Malawi |url=https://pwcmalawi.org/hon-mary-mpanga-2/ |access-date=2025-01-10 |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250110090845/https://pwcmalawi.org/hon-mary-mpanga-2/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mpanga 'yar majalisa ce mai zaman kanta amma bayan zaben 2019 ta kasance cikin ƙungiyar 'yan majalisa ciki har da Naomi Phiri wacce ta amince da tallafawa Jam'iyyar Democratic Progressive Party . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Nyasa Times |date=2014-06-23 |title=19 independent MPs join DPP govt: Ngumuya, Rashy, Ganda in - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi |url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/19-independent-mps-join-dpp-govt-ngumuya-rashy-ganda-in/ |access-date=2025-03-07 |website=www.nyasatimes.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> Tana wakiltar Phalombe ta Kudu a Majalisar Dokokin Malawi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Site Maintenance |url=http://www.parliament.gov.mw/#/legislators}}</ref> A shekara ta 2024 ta kasance 'yar majalisa ta adawa lokacin da aka nada ta a matsayin Kwamishinan Majalisa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=News |first=Times |date=2024-09-05 |title=Parliament confirms Mary Mpanga as commissioner |url=https://times.mw/parliament-confirms-mary-mpanga-as-commissioner/ |access-date=2025-01-09 |website=The Times Group |language=en-US}}</ref> Wannan alama ce ta goyon baya kamar yadda wannan rukuni ya ki amincewa da ɗan'uwan DPP wanda aka zaba Lonnie Chijere Phiri don wannan rawar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nzangaya |first=Archangel |date=2024-08-26 |title=Chijere Phiri's rejection from parliament committee sparks disappointment in DPP Malawi 24 {{!}} Latest News from Malawi |url=https://malawi24.com/2024/08/26/chijere-phiris-rejection-from-parliament-committee-sparks-disappointment-in-dpp/ |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=Malawi 24 |language=en-US}}</ref> Naɗin Mpanga ya sa hukumar ta zama mata 50%.<ref name=":0" /> Mataimakin Mataimakin Majalisa na farko Madalitso Kazombo ya gano Mpanga a matsayin "mace mai daraja" tare da [[Lilian Patel]] da Roseby Gadama a watan Satumbar 2024. <ref name="top3">{{Cite web |last=Meki |first=Ntchindi |date=2024-09-09 |title=Chimwendo calls for respect in Parliament |url=https://mwnation.com/chimwendo-calls-for-respect-in-parliament/ |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=Nation Online |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}  [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] s5phxmmj60rfqejpa094q3rcp5d96ma 0 149458 843153 830810 2026-05-30T06:49:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nashid Abdul Qadir''' (Arabic) (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1996) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Emirati wanda ke buga wa Al-Hamriyah a matsayin mai tsaron gida . <ref name="uaeproleague">{{Cite web |last=XS Studios |title=Nashid Abdul Qadir |url=http://ls.agleague.ae/ar/person/nashd-abdkader-fa.html |access-date=2020-07-21 |publisher=www.uaeproleague.ae |archive-date=2025-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250817060810/http://ls.agleague.ae/ar/person/nashd-abdkader-fa.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=اللاعب :ناشد عبد القادر |url=https://www.kooora.com/?player=140807 |website=www.kooora.com |access-date=2026-05-06 |archive-date=2020-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722004539/https://www.kooora.com/?player=140807 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Oman - Nashid Abdul Qadir - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway |url=https://us.soccerway.com/players/nashid-abdul-qadir-ali/383117/ |website=us.soccerway.com}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Dhofar === Nashid Abdul Qadir ya fara aikinsa a Dhofar kuma samfurin tsarin matasa ne na Dhofar. === Dibba Al-Fujairah === A ranar 18 ga Satumba 2018 ya bar Dhofar kuma ya sanya hannu tare da Dibba . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ناشد عبدالقادر إلى دبا |url=https://tooofa.com/53738/}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Satumba 2018, Nashid ya fara bugawa Dibba Al-Fujairah wasa da Emirates Club a Pro League . <ref>{{Cite web |title=دبا الفجيرة يخسر أمام الإمارات 3-2 |url=https://us.soccerway.com/matches/2018/09/20/united-arab-emirates/premier-league/emirates-club-ras-al-khaimah/dabba-al-fujairah/2813994/}}</ref> ya sake sauka tare da Dibba Al-Fujairah daga UAE Pro League zuwa UAE First Division League a kakar 2018-19.<ref>{{Cite web |title=هبوط نادي الامارات و دبا |url=https://www.shorouknews.com/news/view.aspx?cdate=25052019&id=204353bb-1693-4062-8b3f-a6c6fbe0810a}}</ref> === Al Urooba === A ranar 6 ga Yuni 2021 ya bar Dibba kuma ya sanya hannu tare da Al Urooba . <ref>{{Cite web |title=العروبة يستعد للمحترفين بضم 5 لاعبين |url=https://www.alroeya.com/3-10/2223047-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B6%D9%85-5-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] 247epyxrvaksefrawq7htxy1blh2924 0 149643 842682 831613 2026-05-29T18:46:51Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344512379|Joana Ntaja]]" 842682 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Joana Ntaja''' (25 Fabrairu 1984 - 8 Maris 2015) 'yar siyasa ce ta Malawi kuma mace ce ta farko da ta zama magajin gari na Zomba, birni mafi tsufa a Malawi, tsakanin Yuli 2014 da Maris 2015. Ta kasance tana da alaƙa da Jam'iyyar Democrat Progress . == Tarihi da ilimi == An haifi Ntaja ga Cathyreen Chimgoga Chakhaza a asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth Central (QECH) a Blantyre, [[Malawi]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2014-07-27 |title=Big Interview: Joan Ntaja, new mayor for Zomba City |url=https://www.mwnation.com/big-interview-joan-ntaja-new-mayor-for-zomba-city/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=The Nation Online |language=en-US}}</ref> A cewar wata hira da ta bayar jim kadan bayan an zabe ta a matsayin magajin gari, ta halarci makarantun firamare da yawa kamar "St. Pius, St Anthony, Zomba Police kuma ta kammala a Makarantar Firamare ta Balaka".<ref name=":0" /> Daga baya ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Balaka da St. Marys . Daga nan sai ta yi karatun sakatare na tsakiya a Kwalejin Sakatare ta Michiru . Daga can, ta halarci Kwalejin Fasaha ta Lilongwe kuma ta sami difloma mai zurfi a cikin Gudanar da Kasuwanci.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2015-03-08 |title=Joana Ntaja, Mayor of Zomba, dies at age of 30 - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi |url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/joana-ntaja-mayor-of-zomba-dies-at-age-of-30/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=www.nyasatimes.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Yana da alaƙa da Jam'iyyar Democrat Progressive Party (DPP) , Ntaja ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Zomba Central Ward a Majalisar Birnin Zomba . A ranar 14 ga Yuli 2014, an zaɓi Ntaja a matsayin magajin garin Zomba na shida kuma mace ta farko a wannan matsayi.[1][2] == Rayuwa da mutuwarsa == Bayan ya koka game da [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]] da matsalolin ciki, an sanar da mutuwar Ntaja a ranar 8 ga Maris 2015 a asibitin Mwaiwathu mai zaman kansa a Blantyre . <ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nekinga |first=Roche Bobegoto |date=2015-03-27 |title=Mrs. Joana Ntaja is no more |url=https://www.uclga.org/news/mrs-joana-ntaja-is-no-more/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=UCLGA |language=en-US}}</ref> Mijinta, Rashid Mussa da yara uku sun mutu <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2015-03-08 |title=Joana Ntaja, Mayor of Zomba, dies at age of 30 - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi |url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/joana-ntaja-mayor-of-zomba-dies-at-age-of-30/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=www.nyasatimes.com |language=en-GB}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.nyasatimes.com/joana-ntaja-mayor-of-zomba-dies-at-age-of-30/ "Joana Ntaja, Mayor of Zomba, dies at age of 30 - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi"]. ''www.nyasatimes.com''. 2015-03-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-10</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2014-07-27 |title=Big Interview: Joan Ntaja, new mayor for Zomba City |url=https://www.mwnation.com/big-interview-joan-ntaja-new-mayor-for-zomba-city/ |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=The Nation Online |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.mwnation.com/big-interview-joan-ntaja-new-mayor-for-zomba-city/ "Big Interview: Joan Ntaja, new mayor for Zomba City"]. ''The Nation Online''. 2014-07-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> An binne Ntaja a ƙauyen Mtelege a Chigumula <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nthala |first=Paul |date=9 March 2015 |title=Zomba City Mayor, Joana Ntaja to Be Buried On Monday |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201503090467.html |access-date=10 March 2022 |website=allafrica}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> == Haɗin waje == * [http://zombacitycouncil.mw/index.php/about-us/zomba-city-council Shafin yanar gizon Zomba City Council] {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Matattun 2015]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] 2h9twiq3ph6xhwswju4l6gb421xzunz 0 150077 842767 832804 2026-05-29T20:58:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842767 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mohammad Abu Al-Nadi''' (Arabic; an haife shi a ranar 8 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2001) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya na ƙungiyar Selangor ta Malaysia Super League.<ref>{{Cite web |last=City |first=Sporting Kansas |title=Mo Abualnadi |url=https://www.sportingkc.com/players/mo-abualnadi/ |website=Sporting Kansas City}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=City |first=Sporting Kansas |title=Swope Park Rangers sign Sporting KC Academy trio Mo Abualnadi, Jake Davis and Sean Karani to Academy contracts |url=https://www.sportingkc.com/news/swope-park-rangers-sign-sporting-kc-academy-trio-mo-abualnadi-jake-davis-and-sea |website=Sporting Kansas City}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=July 15, 2019 |title=Mohammad Abualnadi |url=https://und.com/roster/mohammad-abualnadi/ |website=Notre Dame Fighting Irish - Official Athletics Website}}</ref> An haife shi a Amurka, yana taka leda a tawagar kasar Jordan. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Abu Al-Nadi a Overland Park, [[Kansas]], Amurka, inda ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Blue Valley.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mohammad Abualnadi - Bio |url=https://pittsburghpanthers.com/sports/mens-soccer/roster/mohammad-abualnadi/12126 |access-date=1 September 2024 |website=pittsburghpanthers.com |publisher=Pittsburgh Panthers}}</ref> Ya buga futsal tun yana saurayi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scavuzzo |first=Diane |date=23 July 2015 |title=U.S. YOUTH FUTSAL 2015 NATIONAL TEAMS ANNOUNCED |url=https://www.soccertoday.com/u-s-youth-futsal-2015-national-teams-announced/?cn-reloaded=1 |access-date=1 September 2024 |website=soccertoday.com |publisher=SoccerToday |archive-date=1 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240901143056/https://www.soccertoday.com/u-s-youth-futsal-2015-national-teams-announced/?cn-reloaded=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya buga wa kulob din shekara guda, Cibiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Turai (ESI), na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ya shiga makarantar Sporting Kansas City na tsawon shekaru abụọ yayin da yake makarantar sakandare. Ya taimaka wajen jagorantar tawagar U19 ta Sporting KC zuwa iri na huɗu a cikin wasan kwaikwayo kuma ya kai wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar USSDA.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mohammad Abualnadi - Bio |url=https://pittsburghpanthers.com/sports/mens-soccer/roster/mohammad-abualnadi/12126 |access-date=1 September 2024 |website=pittsburghpanthers.com |publisher=Pittsburgh Panthers}}</ref> == Ayyukan jami'a == Abu Al-Nadi ya buga shekaru biyu na Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Notre Dame Fighting Irish, da kuma shekara guda a Pittsburgh Panthers. A lokacin da ya fara zama a shekarar 2019, Abu Al-Nadi ya taka leda a dukkan wasanni 19, inda ya fara 15 a matsayin mai tsaron gida a lokacin kakar wasa ta farko. Ya sami farawa na farko a karon farko na Notre Dame a nasarar bude kakar a Saint Louis . Ya gama kakar wasa tare da burin da taimako. Ya zira kwallaye na farko na aikinsa a 1:12 na farkon kakar, wanda aka daura don burin na biyu mafi sauri don buɗe wasan tun kakar 1995. Ya ba da taimako ga burin da ya ci nasara a wasan a nasarar 1-0 a kan Duke. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2019 |title=Mohammad Abualnadi - Bio |url=https://fightingirish.com/roster/mohammad-abualnadi/ |access-date=1 September 2024 |website=fightingirish.com |publisher=Notre Dame Fighting Irish}}</ref> A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu a shekarar 2020, ya buga wasanni 16, inda ya fara wasanni 15 a matsayin mai tsaron gida a lokacin yakin neman zabe na biyu. Ya kuma sami farawa a cikin biyar na Notre Dame mai tsabta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2019 |title=Mohammad Abualnadi - Bio |url=https://fightingirish.com/roster/mohammad-abualnadi/ |access-date=1 September 2024 |website=fightingirish.com |publisher=Notre Dame Fighting Irish}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga watan Agustan 2021, Abu Al-Nadi ya koma Pittsburgh Panthers a matsayin ƙarami.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2021 |title=Pitt men's soccer signs eight newcomers, including five freshmen |url=https://www.soccerwire.com/news/pitt-mens-soccer-signs-eight-newcomers-including-five-freshmen/ |access-date=1 September 2024 |website=soccerwire.com |publisher=Soccer Wire}}</ref> Ya bayyana a wasanni 15, ya fara a 14 daga cikinsu. An kuma sanya masa suna a cikin All-ACC Academic Team a karo na farko a cikin aikinsa, inda ya buga GPA na 3.48 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mohammad Abualnadi - Bio |url=https://pittsburghpanthers.com/sports/mens-soccer/roster/mohammad-abualnadi/12126 |access-date=1 September 2024 |website=pittsburghpanthers.com |publisher=Pittsburgh Panthers}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2001]] nqzo8h5qqog0ai8xsqms7v2mzivmxdq 0 150961 843342 835142 2026-05-30T11:34:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843342 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Noah Lewis''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Agusta 2000) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya na tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar Serie C ta Perugia . == Aikin kulob == === Aikin ƙuruciya === An haife shi a Almere, Lewis ya fara wasa da Waterwijk, kafin ya koma Almere City yana da shekaru 11, inda ya shafe shekara 1 kafin ya koma Feyenoord Academy a 2012. Ya shafe shekaru 7 yana wasa a matakin matasa a Feyenoord, inda ya buga wasa a Beloften Eredivisie, KNVB Reserve Cup, Premier League International Cup da UEFA Youth League . <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |last=Team |first=The42 |date=January 26, 2023 |title=St Pat's sign Dutch centre-back who spent seven years at Feyenoord |url=https://www.the42.ie/noah-lewis-st-pats-5980002-Jan2023/ |website=The42}}</ref> === Feyenoord === Lewis ya fara buga wa Feyenoord wasa a ranar 21 ga Maris 2018, inda ya maye gurbin Sven van Beek daga benci a wasan da suka doke ADO Den Haag da ci 4-0 a wasan sada zumunci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Feyenoord vs. ADO Den Haag - 21 March 2018 - Soccerway |url=https://ie.soccerway.com/matches/2018/03/21/world/club-friendlies/feyenoord-rotterdam-nv/hfc-ado-den-haag/2753687/ |website=ie.soccerway.com}}</ref> ==== Rancen FC Dordrecht ==== A watan Yulin 2019, an ba shi aro ga ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie FC Dordrecht har zuwa ranar 2 ga Janairun 2020. Ya buga jimillar wasanni 10 a gasar da kuma ƙarin wasanni 2 a gasar KNVB Cup . <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Netherlands - N. Lewis - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/noah-lewis/477603/ |website=int.soccerway.com}}</ref> === Willem II === Lewis ya rattaba hannu a ƙungiyar Eredivisie Willem II a watan Satumbar 2021. [1] Ya buga wasa musamman a ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta ƙungiyar amma bai yi amfani da shi ba a wasanni uku na ƙungiyar farko ta Eredivisie a kakar wasa yayin da aka mayar da su ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie . [2] === Wasannin St Patrick === A ranar 26 ga Janairun 2023, Lewis ya rattaba hannu a kulob din League of Ireland Premier Division St Patrick's Athletic . <ref>{{Cite web |title=#SAINTS2023 &#124; Noah Lewis Joins St Pat's |url=http://www.stpatsfc.com/news.php?id=9285 |website=www.stpatsfc.com}}</ref> <ref name="auto1"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Hehir |first=Paul |date=January 26, 2023 |title=St Pat's complete move for Dutch centre-back |url=https://www.irishmirror.ie/sport/soccer/soccer-news/st-pats-complete-move-dutch-29060415 |website=Irish Mirror}}</ref> Manaja Tim Clancy ya bayyana cewa damar sayen Lewis ta zo ne bayan da komawarsa wata kulob a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] ta fadi bayan da Lewis ya kasa samun izinin aiki ga wannan kasar saboda bai cika sharuddan ba bayan sauya doka saboda Brexit . <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCadden |first=Mark |date=February 8, 2023 |title=Saints boss reveals how recent arrival was a Brexit benefit |url=https://www.irishmirror.ie/sport/soccer/soccer-news/st-patricks-athletic-boss-reveals-29167569 |website=Irish Mirror}}</ref> An zabi Lewis a matsayin dan wasan da ya fi kowa a watan Fabrairun 2023 daga magoya bayan kulob din saboda rawar da ya taka a watan farko da ya taka tare da kulob din. <ref>{{Cite web |title=x.com |url=https://twitter.com/stpatsfc/status/1630958630877949959?s=46&t=J7xt5ynNeYeJ1MJEJFlMiw}}</ref> Ya zura kwallaye na farko a rayuwarsa ta gaba a ranar 2 ga Yunin 2023, inda ya sauka daga benci zuwa UCD kuma ya zura kwallo da kai daga kusurwa da kwallonsa ta farko a minti na 42, kafin ya sake zura kwallo da kai daga kusurwa a minti na 63 na nasara 3-1. <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2, 2023 |title=Unlikely brace from super sub Noah Lewis earns St Patrick’s Athletic victory at UCD |url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/league-of-ireland/unlikely-brace-from-super-sub-noah-lewis-earns-st-patricks-athletic-victory-at-ucd/a1206387447.html |website=Independent.ie}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Yuli 2023, Lewis ya fara bayyana a gasar Turai a wasan da suka sha kashi da ci 2-1 a hannun F91 Dudelange a zagaye na farko na cancantar shiga gasar UEFA Europa Conference League a Stade Jos Nosbaum . <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 July 2023 |title=Mark Doyle’s late strike keeps struggling Saints alive in Conference qualifier |url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/league-of-ireland/mark-doyles-late-strike-keeps-struggling-saints-alive-in-conference-qualifier/a951283461.html |website=Independent.ie}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Agusta 2023, an sanar da cewa Lewis ya bar kungiyar bisa amincewar juna. <ref>{{Cite web |title=x.com |url=https://x.com/stpatsfc/status/1690326382864117762?s=46}}</ref> === Perugia === A ranar 11 ga Janairun 2024, Lewis ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiraginsa da kungiyar Perugia ta Serie C a kan kwantiragin har zuwa watan Yunin 2026, bayan nasarar da ya samu a lokacin gwaji da kungiyar Italiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2024 |title=UFFICIALE: NOAH LEWIS È BIANCOROSSO! |url=https://www.acperugiacalcio.com/ufficiale-noah-lewis-e-biancorosso/ |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=A.C. Perugia Calcio |language=it-IT |archive-date=11 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111132156/https://www.acperugiacalcio.com/ufficiale-noah-lewis-e-biancorosso/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mencacci |first=Francesca |date=11 January 2024 |title=Grifo, Lewis biancorosso fino al 2026. Acella può andare, Kouan manca la firma |url=https://www.lanazione.it/umbria/sport/grifo-lewis-biancorosso-fino-al-2026-acella-puo-andare-kouan-manca-la-firma-47d2899d |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=[[La Nazione]] |language=it-IT}}</ref> A watan Agustan 2024, Lewis ya yi wa jijiyar Anterior cruciate tiyata a gwiwarsa ta dama bayan ya ji rauni, inda aka kiyasta cewa murmurewa zai ɗauki akalla watanni 6. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 August 2024 |title=Bulletin. Lewis underwent surgery: six months to recover. Dell'Orco remains out, his return is postponed |url=https://sport.quotidiano.net/en/altri-sport/bollettino-operato-lewis-sei-mesi-per-recuperare-dellorco-resta-out-slitta-il-rientro-1a5406f9 |website=Quotidiano Sportivo}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Lewis ya fara buga wa Netherlands 'yan kasa da shekara 17 a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu 2017 a wasan da Portugal 'yan kasa da shekara 17 suka sha kashi 2-1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Portugal - Netherlands 2:1 (U17 Friendlies 2017, February) |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/match-report/ma8377545/lineup/ |website=worldfootball.net}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2018, ya kasance wanda ba a yi amfani da shi ba ga Netherlands 'yan kasa da shekara 19 a wasan da suka yi da Faroe Islands 'yan kasa da shekara 19 da ci 5-0, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Netherlands-Bosnia and Herzegovina &#124; Under-19 2019 |url=https://www.uefa.com/under19/match/2023847--netherlands-vs-bosnia-and-herzegovina/ |website=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Netherlands-Faroe Islands &#124; Under-19 2019 |url=https://www.uefa.com/under19/match/2023821--netherlands-vs-faroe-islands/ |website=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> ci 6-0 a kan Bosnia da Herzegovina 'yan kasa da shekara 19 da ci 2-1 a hannun Jamhuriyar Ireland 'yan kasa da shekara 19. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Republic of Ireland-Netherlands &#124; Under-19 2019 |url=https://www.uefa.com/under19/match/2023873--republic-of-ireland-vs-netherlands/ |website=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]] ltz7exsmy6ah3wdwqrzbmomc2fwva7n 0 151154 843234 841754 2026-05-30T07:33:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843234 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Nathan Adewale Temitayo Tella''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Yuli 1999) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nathan Tella |url=https://www.arsenal.com/historic/players/nathan-tella |access-date=1 March 2022 |publisher=Arsenal F.C.}}</ref> ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan gefe na dama]] ko kuma ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar Bundesliga ta Bayer Leverkusen . An haife shi a Ingila, kuma yana buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya wasa]] . == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Tella ta girma a Stevenage, Hertfordshire kuma ta yi karatu a makarantar sakandare ta Edwinstree sannan ta yi karatunta a Kwalejin Freman, dukkansu a garin Buntingford . Ya tafi bayan jarrabawarsa ta GCSE a shekarar 2015. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> Bayan shekaru goma da [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]], Tella ya shafe lokaci yana gwaji a Reading <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2017 |title=Reading FC transfers: Arsenal winger on trial with Royals |url=https://www.getreading.co.uk/sport/football/transfer-news/reading-fc-transfers-arsenal-winger-12564572 |access-date=23 June 2020 |website=getreading.co.uk}}</ref> da Norwich City, kafin ya koma Southampton a watan Afrilun 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2017 |title=Saints sign youngster Tella |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2017-04-21/announcement-signing-southampton-nathan-tella |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427210456/https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2017-04-21/announcement-signing-southampton-nathan-tella |archive-date=27 April 2017 |access-date=23 June 2020 |publisher=[[Southampton F.C.]]}}</ref> === Southampton === A watan Yulin 2019, ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa da kulob din na tsawon shekara guda, <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 July 2019 |title=Academy youngsters secure fresh deals |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2019-07-07/southampton-fc-academy-contract-extensions-nlundulu-tella-olufunwa-freeman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708110430/https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2019-07-07/southampton-fc-academy-contract-extensions-nlundulu-tella-olufunwa-freeman |archive-date=8 July 2019 |access-date=23 June 2020 |publisher=[[Southampton F.C.]]}}</ref> kafin ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiraginsa na tsawon shekaru uku a watan Yulin 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2020 |title=Tella commits long-term future |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2020-07-02/nathan-tella-contract-extension-southampton-football-club-2-july-2020 |access-date=8 July 2020 |publisher=Southampton FC}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Yunin 2020, Tella ya fara buga wasa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan da suka doke Norwich City da ci 3-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2020 |title=Norwich 0–3 Southampton |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/51779559 |access-date=23 June 2020 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Fabrairun 2021, ya bayar da gudummawar kwallaye ta farko ta hanyar taimakawa kwallon da Stuart Armstrong ya ci a wasan da suka doke Wolverhampton Wanderers da ci 2-0 a zagaye na biyar na gasar cin kofin FA . <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 February 2021 |title=Wolverhampton Wanderers 0–2 Southampton: Hasenhuttl says Saints want cup |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/56014860 |access-date=15 May 2021 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, Tella ya fara buga [[Premier League|gasar Premier]] a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] da ci 3-0. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rose |first=Dan |date=25 February 2021 |title=Hasenhuttl says Tella 'takes responsibility' after earning his first Premier League start |url=https://www.dailyecho.co.uk/sport/19115937.hasenhuttl-says-tella-takes-responsibility-earning-first-premier-league-start/ |access-date=25 February 2021 |website=Southern Daily Echo}}</ref> A ranar 15 ga Mayu, Tella ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a [[Premier League|gasar Premier]] a wasan da suka doke Fulham da ci 3-1. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Tella scores as Southampton beat Fulham |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/57129203 |access-date=13 May 2021 |website=BBC Sport }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Janairu 2022, Tella ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar kwangilar shekaru uku da rabi tare da Southampton. <ref>{{Cite web |last=House |first=Alfie |date=6 January 2022 |title=Nathan Tella signs brand-new contract with Southampton |url=https://www.dailyecho.co.uk/sport/19829959.nathan-tella-signs-brand-new-contract-southampton/ |access-date=7 January 2022 |website=Southern Daily Echo}}</ref> ==== Burnley (Aro) ==== A ranar 11 ga Agusta 2022, Tella ya koma Burnley a matsayin aro na tsawon kakar wasa. [1] A ranar 11 ga Fabrairu 2023, ya zura kwallaye uku a karon farko a rayuwarsa a wasan da suka doke Preston North End da ci 3-0, wanda hakan ya ba kungiyarsa nasara ta goma a jere a gasar, [2] kuma wata guda bayan haka ya zura kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke Hull City da ci 3-1. [3] === Bayer Leverkusen === A ranar 27 ga Agusta 2023, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Bundesliga , Bayer Leverkusen, ta sanar da siyan Tella a kan kwantiragin shekaru biyar, <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2023 |title=New winger for the Werkself: Bayer 04 sign Nathan Tella |url=https://www.bayer04.de/en-us/news/bayer04/new-winger-for-the-werkself-bayer-04-sign-nathan-tella |access-date=2023-08-31 |publisher=Bayer 04 Leverkusen |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2023 |title=Tella departs for Bayer Leverkusen |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/en/news/article/tella-departs-for-bayer-leverkusen |access-date=27 August 2023 |website=Southampton FC}}</ref> akan kuɗin da aka ruwaito na fam miliyan 20. Ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar wasa a ranar 2 ga Satumba 2023 a wasan da suka doke Darmstadt 98 da ci 5-1, inda ya maye gurbin [[Jeremie Frimpong]] a minti na 72. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayer Leverkusen 5–1 SV Darmstadt 98 |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/match/_/gameId/677603 |access-date=2 April 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2023, Tella ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko ga Bayer Leverkusen a wasan da suka tashi 1-2 da Molde a gasar Europa League . <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 October 2023 |title=2–1 in Molde – early double whammy paves the way |url=https://www.bayer04.de/en-us/news/europa-league/2-1-in-molde-early-double-whammy-paves-the-way |access-date=2 April 2024 |website=Bayer Leverkusen FC}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 2023, babban kocin [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]], [[José Peseiro]] ya kira Tella don buga wasan neman gurbin shiga [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA]] ta 2026 da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Lesotho|Lesotho]] da Zimbabwe . == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haife Tella a Ingila, kuma asalinta ɗan Najeriya ne. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Promising Arsenal Winger Nathan Tella Eager To Play For Nigeria Ahead Of England :: All Nigeria Soccer - The Complete Nigerian Football Portal |url=https://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=21682 |website=www.allnigeriasoccer.com}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {{Updated|match played 2 May 2026}}<ref name=SWAY>{{cite web|url= https://int.soccerway.com/players/nathan-tella/376599/|title=Nathan Tella|website=Soccerway|access-date=2 April 2024}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National cup{{Efn|Includes [[FA Cup]], [[DFB-Pokal]]}} ! colspan="2" |League cup{{Efn|Includes [[EFL Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Southampton U23 |2017–18 | colspan="3" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[EFL Trophy]]}} |0 |2 |0 |- |2018–19 | colspan="3" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |3[c] |0 |3 |0 |- |2020–21<ref name="sb2020" /> | colspan="3" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1[c] |0 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !6 !0 !6 !0 |- | rowspan="5" |Southampton |2019–20 |[[Premier League]] |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |- |2020–21 |Premier League |18 |1 |3 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |22 |1 |- |2021–22 |Premier League |14 |0 |1 |0 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |18 |1 |- |2023–24 |Championship |3 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |3 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !36 !2 !4 !0 !4 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !44 !3 |- |Burnley (loan) |2022–23 |Championship |39 |17 |5 |2 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |45 |19 |- | rowspan="4" |Bayer Leverkusen |2023–24 |Bundesliga |24 |5 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |— |11{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |1 | colspan="2" |— |39 |6 |- |2024–25 |Bundesliga |27 |2 |5 |1 | colspan="2" |— |7{{Efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[DFL-Supercup]]}} |0 |40 |4 |- |2025–26 |Bundesliga |17 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2[e] |0 | colspan="2" |— |21 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !68 !8 !11 !1 ! colspan="2" |— !20 !2 !1 !0 !100 !11 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !143 !27 !20 !3 !5 !1 !20 !2 !7 !0 !195 !33 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]] <references /> qqel7565pcyir2a7ybzzvo7inw8msyx 0 151276 843296 840573 2026-05-30T10:16:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843296 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Akwa United lift the Nigeria Professional Football League trophy.jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox organization | name = Nigeria Premier Football League | logo = | pixels = | country = Najeriya | confed = [[CAF]] | founded = 1972 | teams = 20 | level = 1 | relegation = [[Nigeria National League]] | domestic_cup = [[Federation Cup]] | confed_cup = [[CAF Champions League]]<br>[[CAF Confederation Cup]] | champions = | most_champs = [[Enyimba F.C.|Enyimba]] (sau 9) | tv = | website = | current = 2025–26 Nigeria Premier Football League }} '''Nigeria Premier Football League''' (NPFL) ita ce babbar gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta matakin farko a ƙasar Najeriya. Ana gudanar da gasar ne ƙarƙashin kulawar [[Nigeria Football Federation]] (NFF) tare da haɗin gwiwar kamfanin gudanarwar liga. Gasar tana tattaro manyan ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa daga sassa daban-daban na Najeriya domin fafatawa a kowace kakar wasa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://npfl.ng/|title=Official NPFL Website|publisher=Nigeria Premier Football League|access-date=15 May 2026|archive-date=5 March 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260305231352/http://npfl.ng/|url-status=dead}}</ref> An kafa gasar ta NPFL a shekarar 1972 bayan an fara shirya tsarin gasar ƙasa baki ɗaya domin bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya. Kafin wannan lokaci ana gudanar da gasar ne ta tsarin yankuna daban-daban. Bayan kafa gasar ta ƙasa, kungiyoyi daga jihohi daban-daban suka fara samun damar fafatawa a matakin ƙasa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nigchamp.html|title=Nigeria – List of Champions|publisher=RSSSF|access-date=15 May 2026}}</ref> NPFL ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan lig-lig na ƙwallon ƙafa a Afirka saboda yawan magoya baya da kuma tasirin da take da shi wajen haɓaka matasan 'yan wasa. Yawancin fitattun 'yan wasan Najeriya sun fara taka leda a cikin wannan gasar kafin su koma Turai da sauran ƙasashe. Daga cikin waɗannan 'yan wasa akwai [[Nwankwo Kanu]], [[Austin Jay-Jay Okocha]], da [[Vincent Enyeama]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cafonline.com|title=CAF African Football Development Reports|publisher=CAF|access-date=15 May 2026}}</ref> Gasar tana gudana ne bisa tsarin gida da waje, inda kowace ƙungiya ke buga wasa da sauran ƙungiyoyi sau biyu a kakar wasa guda. Ana bai wa ƙungiya maki uku idan ta yi nasara, maki ɗaya idan an yi canjaras, yayin da rashin nasara ba ya ba da maki. Ƙungiyoyin da suka fi samun maki a ƙarshen kakar wasa ne ke wakiltar Najeriya a gasannin nahiyar Afirka kamar [[CAF Champions League]] da [[CAF Confederation Cup]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cafonline.com|title=CAF Interclub Competitions Regulations|publisher=CAF|access-date=15 May 2026}}</ref> A tsawon tarihi, ƙungiyar [[Enyimba F.C.|Enyimba]] ta kasance mafi nasara a gasar bayan lashe kofin liga sau da dama. Haka kuma ƙungiyoyi irin su [[Rangers International F.C.|Rangers International]], [[Shooting Stars S.C.|Shooting Stars]], [[Kano Pillars F.C.|Kano Pillars]], da [[Heartland F.C.|Heartland]] sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka martabar gasar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.transfermarkt.com|title=Nigeria Premier League Historical Clubs|publisher=Transfermarkt|access-date=15 May 2026}}</ref> NPFL ta fuskanci ƙalubale iri-iri tsawon shekaru, ciki har da matsalar kuɗi, rashin ingantattun filayen wasa, da kuma matsalolin gudanarwa. Duk da haka, hukumomin ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya sun ci gaba da ƙoƙarin inganta tsarin gudanarwa, samar da tallafi daga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, da kuma inganta watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin domin ƙara darajar gasar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thecable.ng|title=NPFL reforms and television rights|publisher=TheCable|access-date=15 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarun baya-bayan nan, an samu ƙoƙari wajen mayar da gasar zuwa tsarin ƙwararru kamar yadda ake samu a manyan lig-lig na duniya. An ƙarfafa amfani da fasahar zamani wajen rajistar 'yan wasa, gudanar da alkalanci, da kuma tallata wasanni ta kafafen sada zumunta.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/sport|title=Efforts to professionalise NPFL|publisher=The Guardian Nigeria|access-date=15 May 2026}}</ref> Magoya bayan ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya suna nuna matuƙar sha'awa ga gasar NPFL, musamman a jihohin da ke da manyan ƙungiyoyi masu tarihi. Wasannin hamayya tsakanin ƙungiyoyi kamar Kano Pillars da Rangers International ko Enyimba da Heartland suna jawo dubban magoya baya zuwa filayen wasa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://punchng.com|title=NPFL rivalries and fan culture|publisher=Punch Newspapers|access-date=15 May 2026}}</ref> == Tsarin gasar == A halin yanzu gasar NPFL tana da ƙungiyoyi 20 waɗanda ke fafatawa a kowace kakar wasa. Ƙungiyoyi uku mafi ƙarancin maki suna komawa mataki na biyu wato [[Nigeria National League]], yayin da manyan ƙungiyoyi daga mataki na biyu ke samun gurbin hawa zuwa NPFL.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://npfl.ng/|title=NPFL Competition Format|publisher=Nigeria Premier Football League|access-date=15 May 2026|archive-date=5 March 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260305231352/http://npfl.ng/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Fitattun ƙungiyoyi == * [[Enyimba F.C.|Enyimba]] * [[Kano Pillars F.C.|Kano Pillars]] * [[Rangers International F.C.|Rangers International]] * [[Shooting Stars S.C.|Shooting Stars]] * [[Heartland F.C.|Heartland]] * [[Bendel Insurance F.C.|Bendel Insurance]] == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] * [[Nigeria National League]] * [[CAF Champions League]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Football leagues in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sports competitions in Nigeria]] [[Category:Nigeria Premier Football League]] qudk59ad4s1vllz1fadjbqiy5aoprzc 0 151448 843249 836780 2026-05-30T08:18:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843249 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ndubisi Chukunyere''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Disamba 1979 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], [[Najeriya]] ) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ya yi ritaya wanda ya buga wasa na ƙarshe a ƙungiyar Hibernians ta Malta Premier League, a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . == Sana'ar wasa == Chukunyere ya fara aikinsa a matsayin memba na Stores na Stationery, sannan ya koma Kano Pillars kafin ya koma Malta. Ya fara buga wa Najeriya wasa a gasar sada zumunta da Masar a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], kuma yana tattaunawa don shiga [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Super Eagles]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=maltafootball.com |url=http://www.maltafootball.com/archive/news/2002-11.shtml |access-date=2018-05-14 |website=www.maltafootball.com }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekara ta 2001, BBC ta nada Chukunyere a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan Afirka da suka fi zura kwallaye a kakar wasa ta Turai a yanzu. [1] A shekara mai zuwa, an nada shi a matsayin gwarzon dan wasan waje a gasar cin kofin Malta. [2] A shekara ta 2003, wata kungiya ta Qatar ta yi yunkurin sayen Chukunyere amma an ki amincewa da tayin saboda kungiyarsa ta Hibernians ta nemi dala miliyan daya. [3] Yanzu ɗan ƙasar Malta ne, yana cikin ƙungiyar ma'aikata tare da Hibernians . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2026)">an buƙata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Shi ne mahaifin wanda ya lashe gasar Junior Eurovision 2015, da kuma wanda ya fafata a gasar Eurovision 2021 a Malta, mawaƙiya Destiny Chukunyere . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] oligpz0u00bfa6q30ga3xcot79ruxcv 0 151553 843328 837170 2026-05-30T11:10:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nnaemeka Favour Ajuru''' // ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Satumba 1986) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida]] . == Sana'a == Bayan ya fara wasa a [[Zamfara United F.C.|Zamfara United]], Ajuru ya isa Javor Ivanjica a kakar wasa ta 2004-05 . Daga baya aka tura shi aro na tsawon kakar wasa zuwa Metalac Gornji Milanovac, kafin ya koma Ivanjica kafin kakar wasa ta 2006-07 . A cikin shekaru uku da suka biyo baya, Ajuru ya kafa kansa a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka fi taka rawar gani a kungiyar, inda ya taimaka musu lashe gasar Serbian First League a 2008, tare da tarihin da ba a doke su ba, wanda hakan ya sa suka samu ci gaba zuwa gasar Serbian SuperLiga . A watan Yunin 2009, tare da Miroslav Vulićević, an mayar da Ajuru zuwa Vojvodina kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 June 2009 |title=Predstavljeni Vulićević i Ađuru |url=http://www.b92.net/sport/fudbal/vesti.php?yyyy=2009&mm=06&dd=24&nav_id=367665 |access-date=19 November 2016 |publisher=b92.net |language=Serbian}}</ref> Ya shafe shekaru hudu a kulob din, inda ya taimaka musu su kai wasan karshe na Kofin Serbia sau uku ( 2010, 2011, da 2013 ), amma ya kasa lashe kofin. A watan Agusta na 2013, Ajuru ya koma ƙungiyar Zestaponi ta Georgia, inda ya amince da kwangilar shekaru biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=ნიგერიელი ახალწვეული მარგველთა რიგებში |url=http://fczestafoni.ge/News/1481.htm |access-date=19 November 2016 |publisher=fczestafoni.ge |language=Georgian |archive-date=20 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161120090147/http://fczestafoni.ge/News/1481.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya yi wasa akai-akai a ƙungiyar a cikin watanni shida na farko, amma bai buga wasa ba a kashi na biyu na kakar wasa ta 2013–14 . A watan Yuli na 2014, Ajuru ya yi gwajin da bai yi nasara ba a ƙungiyar AZAL ta Azerbaijan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 July 2014 |title=АЗАЛ: Иранец, нигериец, и гондурасец (ФОТО) |url=http://www.azerifootball.com/ru/13/news/24533.html |access-date=7 July 2014 |publisher=azerifootball.com |language=Russian}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2014, Ajuru ya koma Serbia ya koma tsohuwar kungiyarsa Javor Ivanjica . Ya taimaka musu wajen samun nasarar komawa saman teburi a kakar wasansa ta dawowa . A gasar cin kofin Serbia ta 2015-16, Ajuru ya fito a dukkan wasanni shida na kungiyarsa, yayin da suka sha kashi a hannun Partizan a wasan karshe. == Daraja == ; Javor Ivanjica * Gasar Cin Kofin Serbia ta Farko : 2007–08 * Kofin Serbia : Wanda ya zo na biyu a 2015–16 ; Vojvodina * Kofin Serbia : Wanda ya zo na biyu 2009–10, 2010–11, 2012–13 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1986]] lt839rxojjaz4r5ept1xq8drqlle7ln 0 151651 843237 837601 2026-05-30T07:41:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 843237 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Main-bowl-national-stadium-surulere-lagos.jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox stadium | name = National Stadium, Lagos | location = Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria | opened = 1972 | owner = Government of Nigeria | surface = Grass | capacity = (historically ~55,000–60,000) }} '''National Stadium, Lagos''' wani babban filin wasa ne na ƙwallon ƙafa da ke a Surulere, jihar Lagos, Najeriya. An fi amfani da shi wajen wasannin ƙasa da ƙasa, gasar gida, da manyan tarurrukan wasanni. Filin wasan ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan wuraren wasanni a Afirka ta Yamma. <ref>English reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Stadium,_Lagos</ref> == Tarihi == An gina National Stadium, Lagos a shekarar 1972 domin shirye-shiryen wasanni da Najeriya ke gudanarwa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. A tsawon shekaru, filin wasan ya karɓi manyan wasannin FIFA, CAF, da kuma wasannin Olympics na yankin Afirka. Daga baya, rashin kulawa ya sa ya fara lalacewa kafin a fara gyare-gyare a wasu lokuta. <ref>English reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Stadium,_Lagos</ref> == Tsarin Filin Wasa == Filin wasan yana da babban filin ƙwallon ƙafa mai ciyawa (natural grass pitch) tare da waƙar gudu (athletics track) da ke kewaye da shi. Tsarin wurin yana ba da damar gudanar da wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa da sauran wasannin motsa jiki. A baya yana da kujeru masu ɗaukar dubban magoya baya kafin raguwar amfani da shi. <ref>English reference: https://www.worldstadiums.com/africa/countries/nigeria.shtml {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616045646/http://www.worldstadiums.com/africa/countries/nigeria.shtml |date=2025-06-16 }}</ref> == Amfani == National Stadium, Lagos an fi amfani da shi wajen: * Wasannin ƙungiyoyin ƙasa (Super Eagles matches) * Gasar zakarun gida * Wasannin makarantu da matasa * Taron wasanni da al’adu Filin wasan ya kasance cibiyar wasanni mafi muhimmanci a Najeriya na dogon lokaci. <ref>English reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_in_Nigeria</ref> == Muhimmanci == Filin wasan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya, domin ya taimaka wajen horar da ‘yan wasa da kuma karɓar manyan gasanni na duniya. Hakanan ya kasance alamar tarihin wasanni a Lagos da Najeriya baki ɗaya. <ref>English reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Stadium,_Lagos</ref> == Matsaloli da Gyare-gyare == A wasu shekaru, filin wasan ya fuskanci matsalolin rashin gyara da kulawa, wanda ya rage amfani da shi. Duk da haka, gwamnati ta yi ƙoƙarin gyara shi domin dawo da martabarsa a matsayin babban filin wasa a Najeriya. <ref>English reference: https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa</ref> == Manazarta == * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Stadium,_Lagos * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_in_Nigeria https://www.worldstadiums.com/africa/countries/nigeria.shtml {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616045646/http://www.worldstadiums.com/africa/countries/nigeria.shtml |date=2025-06-16 }} ouay4ucyon5a4gmmwudbmitgyocsnsv 0 151708 842911 837790 2026-05-30T02:29:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842911 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Moses Tochukwu Odo''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Disamba 1997) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . == Sana'a == Aikin Odo a ƙwallon ƙafa ya fara ne tun yana ƙarami tun lokacin da ya buga wa ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa daban-daban ciki har da [[Kaduna United F.C.|Kaduna United FC]] ; [[Enugu Rangers]] da [[Kulab ɗin wasan ƙwallon ƙafan Abia Warriors|Abia Warriors]] a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya . A shekarar 2016, Moses Odo ya yi fice a wajen [[Najeriya]] lokacin da aka mayar da shi Binatli Yilmaz SK a gasar KTFF Super lig kafin a ba shi aro na ɗan lokaci ga Yenicami Agdelen . A shekara mai zuwa, ya koma [[Najeriya]] ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya, [[Kungiyar Kwallon Ƙafa na Real Sapphire|Real Sapphire]] inda ya buga wasa kafin ya koma Haras ElHodoud a Masar. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> A Haras ElHodoud, ya zira kwallaye 10 a wasanni 32, sannan ya koma Misr Lel Makkasa SC sannan ya koma Ghazl El Mahalla SC . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Odo Moses (Al-Merreikh) - Player Profile - Flashscore.com.ng |url=https://www.flashscore.com.ng/player/moses-edu/pYGgOVV1/ |access-date=20 March 2023 |website=www.flashscore.com.ng |language=en-NG}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile of Odo Moses, : Info, news, matches and statistics {{!}} BeSoccer |url=https://www.besoccer.com/player/odo-moses-882989 |access-date=20 March 2023 |website=www.besoccer.com |language=en |archive-date=20 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320080143/https://www.besoccer.com/player/odo-moses-882989 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A El Mahalla, an dakatar da kwangilar Moses Odo bayan ya buga wasanni hudu ba tare da ya zura kwallo ko daya ba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Erons |first=Imhons |date=27 January 2021 |title=Egyptian Club Sacks Troubled Nigerian Star - Soccernet NG |url=https://soccernet.ng/2021/01/egyptian-club-sacks-troubled-nigerian-star.html |access-date=20 March 2023 |website=Soccernet.ng |language=en-US |archive-date=20 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320081646/https://soccernet.ng/2021/01/egyptian-club-sacks-troubled-nigerian-star.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ismail |first=Ali |date=26 January 2021 |title=Ghazl El-Mahalla part ways with Nigerian forward |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2021/01/27/ghazl-el-mahalla-part-ways-with-nigerian-forward/ |access-date=20 March 2023 |website=KingFut |language=en-GB}}</ref> Kungiyar ta ambaci matsalolin ladabtarwa da kuma keta haddin kudi a matsayin dalilin kawo karshen kwangilar dan wasan wanda aka tsara zai dauki tsawon shekaru biyu. Daga nan ne Al Mokawloon Al Arab SC (Arab Contractors) ta sanya hannu kan Odo a kan yarjejeniyar canja wuri kyauta <ref>{{Cite web |last=Erons |first=Imhons |date=31 January 2021 |title=Another Top Egyptian Side Snap Up Sacked Nigerian Star - Soccernet NG |url=https://soccernet.ng/2021/01/another-top-egyptian-side-snap-up-sacked-nigerian-star.html |access-date=20 March 2023 |website=Soccernet.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> da nufin cike gurbin da [[Seifeddine Jaziri]] ya bari, wanda ya koma Zamalek a lokacin. A watan Agusta na 2022, ya sanya hannu a hukumance ga [[Al-Merrikh SC]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwosu |first=Chigozie |date=28 February 2023 |title=MOSES TOCHUKWU ODO FLYING NIGERIA’S FLAG WITH AL-MERREIKH - Nigeria Sports News |url=https://nigeriasportsnews.com/born-december-11-1997-moses-odo-is-one-of-nigerias-export-flying-the-countrys-flag-in-a-foreign-country/,%20https://nigeriasportsnews.com/born-december-11-1997-moses-odo-is-one-of-nigerias-export-flying-the-countrys-flag-in-a-foreign-country/ |access-date=20 March 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Al Merrikh SC announce the signing of Tochukwu Moses |url=https://nigeriasoccernet.com/al-merrikh-sc-announce-the-signing-of-tochukwu-moses |access-date=20 March 2023 |website=Nigeriasoccernet |language=en}}</ref> na Sudan wanda ya fafata a gasar zakarun CAF ta 2022/2023. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moses Odo, Latest News & Player Profile {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ug/player/moses-odo/a9mi5213248o2e46jkqqr4ne2 |access-date=20 March 2023 |website=www.goal.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Satumba, 2024, Odo ya rattaba hannu a kulob din Vietnam Thep Xanh Nam Dinh, wanda aka yi masa rijista a cikin tawagar da za ta fafata a gasar zakarun AFC ta biyu ta 2024–25 . [1] A watan Nuwamba na 2024, kulob din ya sanar da barin Odo. Ya buga wasanni uku kacal a kulob din a gasar zakarun AFC ta biyu kuma bai zura kwallo ko daya ba. [2] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] 16qupmhbodz5r1exl1h525xjcg8vjjl 0 151797 842674 838087 2026-05-29T18:20:50Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Michael Onyedikachi Olaha''' (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga Yuli 1996) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan gaba a ƙungiyar V.League 1 Sông Lam Nghệ An . == Aikin kulob == Olaha ya sanya hannu a kulob din Abia Warriors na gasar Premier ta Najeriya a shekarar 2015 daga New Generation Academy. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2015 |title=GNPL: Abia Warriors sign 19 new players |url=http://www.futaa.com/news/gnpl-abia-warriors-sign-19-new-players |access-date=4 June 2017 |website=futaa }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bayan ya yi fice a kakar wasa ta farko, an ba shi damar yin gwaji tare da kulob din NK Domžale na Slovenia. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2016 |title=Abia Warriors Olaha on Trials in Slovenia |url=http://africanfootball.com/news/632211/Abia-Warriors-Olaha-on-trials-in-Slovenia |access-date=4 June 2017 |website=AfricanFootball}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2017, ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar Sông Lam Nghệ An ta ƙasar Vietnam . [1] Ya zura kwallo a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin Vietnam ta 2017, wanda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar lashe gasar. [2] Bayan shekaru biyu da rabi, ya bar Sông Lam Nghệ An ya kuma sanya hannu a kulob din Hapoel Tel Aviv na gasar Firimiya ta Isra'ila, na tsawon shekaru hudu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2019 |title=מייקל אולהה חתם בהפועל ת"א |url=https://www.israelhayom.co.il/article/663169 |access-date=4 June 2019 |website=Israel Today |language=Hebrew}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga Yuli 2020, ya koma aro zuwa Hapoel Kfar Shalem . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldstein |first=Igal |date=23 July 2020 |title=מייקל אולהה חתם בהפועל כפר שלם |url=https://www.sport5.co.il/articles.aspx?FolderID=127&docID=346043 |access-date=3 August 2020 |publisher=Sport Channel |language=Hebrew}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2021, Olaha ya sake komawa Sông Lam Nghệ An. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Buổi tập đầu tiên của Olaha trong ngày trở lại SLNA |url=https://baonghean.vn/buoi-tap-dau-tien-cua-olaha-trong-ngay-tro-lai-slna-post241392.html |access-date=4 January 2022 |publisher=Báo Nghệ An |language=vi}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2023–24, an nada shi a matsayin kyaftin na ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2024 |title=Sông Lam Nghệ An khởi sắc nhờ ngoại binh |url=https://nld.com.vn/song-lam-nghe-an-khoi-sac-nho-ngoai-binh-19624052621490173.htm |publisher=Người Lao Động |language=vi}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|match played 2 May 2026}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 10px;" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" |[[Kulab ɗin wasan ƙwallon ƙafan Abia Warriors|Abia Warriors]] |2015 |NPFL |6 |2 |? |? | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |6 |2 |- |2016 |NPFL |33 |8 |? |? | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |33 |8 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !39 !10 !? !? !0 !0 !0 !0 !39 !10 |- | rowspan="4" |Song Lam Nghe An |2017 |V.League 1 |25 |5 |7 |3 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |32 |8 |- |2018 |V.League 1 |26 |8 |5 |1 |4{{Efn|Appearance in [[AFC Cup]]}} |1 |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[Vietnamese Super Cup]]}} |0 |36 |10 |- |2019 |V.League 1 |25 |5 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |25 |5 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !76 !18 !13 !4 !4 !1 !1 !0 !94 !23 |- |Hapoel Tel Aviv |2019–20 |Israeli Premier League |15 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |18 |0 |- |Hapoel Kfar Shalem (loan) |2020–21 |Liga Leumit |34 |11 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |36 |11 |- | rowspan="6" |Song Lam Nghe An |2022 |V.League 1 |22 |3 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |22 |3 |- |2023 |V.League 1 |18 |5 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |18 |5 |- |2023–24 |V.League 1 |26 |13 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |26 |13 |- |2024–25 |V.League 1 |23 |5 |2 |2 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |25 |7 |- |2025–26 |V.League 1 |20 |9 |1 |2 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |21 |11 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !109 !35 !3 !4 !0 !0 !0 !0 !112 !39 |- ! colspan="3" |Total career !273 !74 !21 !8 !4 !1 !1 !0 !299 !83 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] 5xnfsu6zmprczpqx782wf4hd959wg38 0 151825 842667 838350 2026-05-29T17:52:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mfon Udoh''' ( listen ⓘ ; an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Maris 1992) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ya buga wasa a ƙarshe a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Bangladesh Premier League Brothers Union . An siffanta shi a matsayin cikakken ɗan wasan gaba wanda ke da saurin gudu, kyakkyawan matsayi, kammalawa ta halitta da kuma ikon bayar da taimako. [ <ref name="MyUser_Wolexis.com_November_20_2014c">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Player Profile: Meet Mfon Udoh, Nigerian Professional Football League Top Scorer |url=http://www.wolexis.com/2014/10/player-profile-meet-mfon-udoh-nigerian.html |access-date=20 November 2014 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Shi ɗan wasa ne mai "fox a cikin akwatin", wanda yake da wahalar tsayawa sau ɗaya a filin bugun fenariti. <ref name="MyUser_Wolexis.com_November_20_2014c" /> <ref name="MyUser_Westafricanfootball.com_November_20_2014c">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Mfon Udoh |url=http://westafricanfootball.com/2013/09/02/mfon-udoh/ |access-date=20 November 2014}}</ref> A halin yanzu yana riƙe da tarihin mafi yawan kwallaye da aka ci a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya a kakar wasa ɗaya. Shi ne kuma ɗan wasa na farko da ya ci kwallaye sama da 35 a kakar wasa biyu a jere a Najeriya. Tsakanin 2012 da 2014, ya zira kwallaye 39 a gasar yau da kullun da kuma 3 a gasar cin kofin ƙasa, jimilla kwallaye 41 a kakar wasa biyu. <ref name="brace">{{Cite web |title=Mfon Udoh grabs 22nd & 23rd NPFL goal |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4111/nigeria-premier-league/2014/11/17/6215991/mfon-udoh-grabs-22nd-23rd-npfl-goal?ICID=AR_RS_3 |access-date=20 November 2014 |website=Goal.com}}</ref> Shi ne ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar zakarun CAF ta 2016 tare da kwallaye tara kuma an zira dukkan kwallayen a matakin rukuni na gasar. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Mfon ya fara aikinsa na matasa da Diamond Stars Academy a Calabar (UNICEM) Rovers na gasar [[Nigeria National League]], tsohuwar ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Finidi George]] . Ya ci gaba da zura kwallaye 8 a kakarsa ta farko a Rovers a kakar wasa ta 2011-2012, inda ya kare a matsayin babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a duk gasannin da suka fafata. === Akwa United === A kakar wasa ta 2012-2013, ya koma Akwa United FC, ƙungiyar garinsu a gasar Premier ta Najeriya. A ranar 31 ga Maris 2013, 'yan makonni bayan ya cika shekaru ashirin, ya zira kwallonsa ta farko a babban matakin ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya. A ranar 3 ga Agusta 2013, ya sami kyautar Lig Blogs Award ta gwarzon ɗan wasa a watan Yuli. <ref name="MyUser_Westafricanfootball.com_November_20_2014c"/> Ya ci gaba da kammala kakar wasa ta yau da kullun da kwallaye 16, daga cikinsu akwai kwallaye 8 masu mahimmanci a waje don taimakawa 'The Promise Keepers' su tsere daga faɗuwa. Ya sake kammala kakar wasa a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙungiyarsa kuma na uku mafi girma a gasar. Wasannin da ɗan wasan mai shekaru 20 ya yi a wancan lokacin sun jawo hankalin manyan ƙungiyoyi a gasar, ciki har da Enyimba, wacce ta lashe gasar sau biyu a Afirka. <ref name="MyUser_Supersport.com_November_20_2014c">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title='Goal King' race now neck to neck - SuperSport - Football |url=http://www.supersport.com/football/article.aspx?Id=2158054 |access-date=20 November 2014}}</ref> <ref name="MyUser_Westafricanfootball.com_February_29_2016c">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=AKWA United FC – Season Review |url=http://westafricanfootball.com/2013/11/02/akwa-united-fc-season-review/ |access-date=29 February 2016}}</ref> === Enyimba === ==== 2013-2014 ==== Bayan kakar wasa ta farko ta NPFL, Udoh ya koma [[Enyimba International F.C.|Enyimba]], wanda ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai sau biyu a CAF, kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba. An ba shi rigar lamba 10 kuma ya yi rijista a gasar NPFL ta Najeriya da kuma gasar zakarun Afirka. <ref name="MyUser_Wolexis.com_November_20_2014c"/> Kafin kakar wasa ta bana, ya bayyana burinsa na zura kwallaye 20 a gasar. <ref name="MyUser_Wolexis.com_November_20_2014c" /> Udoh ya zarce wannan burin, inda ya zura kwallaye 23 a lokacin kamfen din kuma ya karya tarihin cin kwallaye a gasar yayin da Enyimba ta kare a matsayi na biyu a teburin gasar. <ref name="MyUser_Westafricanfootball.com_November_20_2014c"/> Ya zama dan wasa na farko a tarihin gasar Najeriya da ya zura kwallaye sama da 20 a kakar wasa daya. <ref name="brace"/> A lokacin kakar wasa ta bana, ya sami kyaututtukan 'Yan wasa da dama na Mako kuma ya zura kwallaye shida, ciki har da kwallaye biyu da ya zura a kan Kano Pillars a wasan karshe na gasar Enyimba. <ref name="MyUser_Supersport.com_November_20_2014c"/> A karshen kakar wasa ta bana, ya lashe kyautar Golden Boot ta NPFL, kyautar NPFL Player of the Season, da kuma kyautar League Bloggers Player of the Season. ==== 2014-2015 ==== Mfon ya zura kwallo daya tilo a wasan da suka doke Bayelsa Utd da ci 1-0, wanda hakan ya bai wa Enyimba nasarar farko a gasar ta kakar wasa ta bana. Daga nan ya zura kwallo ta musamman a ragar Taraba Utd ta hanyar amfani da rashin daidaito a tsakanin 'yan wasan baya don bai wa Enyimba nasara a waje. A wasan da suka yi da Sharks a Aba, Mfon ya zura kwallo biyu, wanda hakan ya kawo jimillar kwallayensa zuwa 4. [1] Bayan raunin da ya samu, Mfon bai samu damar buga wasa ba har zuwa wasannin karshe na kakar wasa. Ya zura kwallo daya tilo ta hanyar yin nasara mai kyau a wasan da suka buga da Abia Warriors, don taimakawa Enyimba ta lashe kakar wasa ta NPFL ta 2015 da wasa daya. [2] ==== 2016 ==== Bayan ya zaɓi ya ci gaba da zama tare da Enyimba a kakar wasa ta 2016, Mfon ya zira kwallaye biyu a zagaye na biyu na wasan cancantar shiga gasar CAF Champions League na 2016 da Vipers FC. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mfon Udoh brace in Champions league |url=http://www.supersport.com/football/article.aspx?Id=3418594 |access-date=29 February 2016 |website=Super Sport}}</ref> Ya sake zira kwallaye biyu a zagaye na gaba na gasar da Vital'o FC a nasarar da suka samu a gida da ci 5-1 a Aba. A zagaye na karshe na cancantar shiga gasar, Udoh ya zira kwallaye uku a zagaye na farko da Etoile du Sahel don samun nasara mai kyau 3-0 a Aba. <ref name="CAF CL 2016">{{Cite web |title=CAF Champions League 2016 Results |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/competitions/20theditionofcafchampionsleague/fixtures |website=cafonline |publisher=CAF}}</ref> Tare da sabon koci Paul Aigbogun yana amfani da wata dabara ta daban don NPFL, an tura Udoh a matsayin dan wasan gefe na dama (RW) a wasannin lig. Tare da raunuka da raguwar bayyanarsa a gaba, ya sha wahala a farkon rashin cin kwallaye a aikinsa. A gefe guda, tare da kawar da Enyimba daga gasar CAF Champions League, tsarin Mfon ya inganta yayin da ya zira kwallaye a wasanni na 33 da 35. Don tabbatar da yanayinsa na gida, ya kare kakar wasa a matsayin wanda ya fi zira kwallaye a gasar zakarun CAF tare da jimillar kwallaye 9. Kwarewarsa a gasar nahiyar Afirka ya sa aka zaɓe shi a matsayin gwarzon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Afirka na CAF a ƙarshen 2016. <ref name="CAF nomination 2016">{{Cite web |title=CAF Award nominations 2016 Results |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=neyCoGqgtH16ENDzXdQegQ%3d%3d |website=cafonline |publisher=CAF}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] fekag87avkympexdlciboqbgla5wuj3 0 152438 843110 840830 2026-05-30T06:33:07Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1303113670|Tana River District]]" 843110 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kenya]] gundumar Tana River wani yanki ne na Lardin Coast, Kenya . An sanya masa suna ne bayan Kogin Tana da kansa. Kafin rabuwa da ta haifar da kirkirar Gundumar Tana Delta, Kogin Tana yana da yanki kamar yadda ya kai kilomita 38,446 (14,844 sq.<ref name="statoids">{{Cite web |title=Districts of Kenya |url=http://www.statoids.com/yke.html |access-date=2012-08-23 |publisher=Statoids.com}}</ref> Babban birnin gundumar shi ne Hola, wanda aka fi sani da Galole . A cikin Lardin Tanaland, an kirkiro Gundumar Tana River a cikin 1897, tare da hedkwatarta a Kipini . A cikin 1920, an soke lardin Tanaland, an gudanar da wani ɓangare na gundumar daga Kismayu kuma an canja shi zuwa Yankin Arewa a cikin 1922. A cikin 1923, Kogin Tana ya haɗu da Gundumar Lamu, don haka ya fada cikin Lardin Coast. Kogin Tana ya sake samun matsayin gundumar a 1927, ya sake dawo da hedkwatarsa a Kipini. Lamu da Kogin Tana za su haɗu a 1935, kuma tsakanin 1944 da 1948. A shekara ta 1959, an tura hedkwatar gundumar daga Kipini zuwa Galole, kuma sake dubawa game da yankunan gundumar sun ga ɓangarorin Gundumar Kitui ta Lardin Tsakiya tare da Kogin Tana, yayin da yankunan da ke cikin Kogin Tana suka ɓace kuma suka haɗu da Gundumar Garissa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=description of the districts and provinces |url=https://surface.syr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?filename=6&article=1005&context=books&type=additional |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Syracuse University |page=6}}</ref> A cikin 1963, Kogin Tana yana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomi na Lardin Coast na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenya Gazette dated 2nd April, 1963 |url=https://gazettes.africa/archive/ke/1963/ke-government-gazette-dated-1963-04-09-no-16.pdf |access-date=22 September 2023 |website=Gazettes.Africa}}</ref> Manyan kabilun sune Pokomo, da yawa daga cikinsu manoma ne, da Orma da Wardey, wadanda galibi makiyaya ne. Gundumar gabaɗaya ta bushe kuma tana fuskantar fari. Ruwan sama ba daidai ba ne, tare da lokutan ruwan sama a watan Maris-Mayu da Oktoba-Disamba. Rikicin ya faru tsakanin manoma da mutanen da ke zaune a gida game da samun ruwa. Ambaliyar ruwa kuma matsala ce ta yau da kullun, wanda ya haifar da ruwan sama mai yawa a yankunan da ke saman Kogin Tana. A ranar 22 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, a cikin mafi munin tashin hankali a Kenya tun shekara ta 2007, akalla mutane 52 ne aka kashe a cikin tashin hankali na kabilanci a Gundumar Tana River tsakanin kungiyoyin Orma da Pokomo. <ref name="AJ">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Dozens killed in Kenya clashes |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/08/201282214141543505.html |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref> Gundumar Tana River ta kasu kashi biyu tare da ƙarin gundumar, Tana Delta ta kirkira. Kogin Tana yana da yawan jama'a 143,411, yayin da Tana Delta ke da 96,664. Yawancin jama'a sun kasance yankunan karkara a fadin gundumomi biyu, tare da jimillar yawan jama'a 204,210.<ref name="Population">{{Cite web |title=The 2009 Kenya Population and Housing Census |url=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3.sourceafrica.net/documents/21195/Census-2009.pdf |access-date=28 September 2023 |website=Amazonaws |pages=74, 234, 235}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2010, bayan da aka gabatar da sabon kundin tsarin mulki na Kenya, za a kirkiro yankuna bisa ga gundumomin Kenya kamar yadda a shekarar 1992. Wannan ya kamata ya nuna cewa iyakokin [[Gundumar Kogin Tana]] kafin rabuwa da Tana Delta dole ne a sake dawo da su don ƙirƙirar Gundumar Tana River. == Yankin gundumar == Duk da babban yanki na gundumar Tana River, ikonta kawai shine Majalisar Gundumar Tana River. Gundumar tana da mazabu uku: Garsen, Galole da Bura . {| class="wikitable" | colspan="6" |'''Administrative divisions''' |- | colspan="6" | |- !Division !Population* !Urban<br /><br /> population* !population<br /><br /> density !Area (km²) !Headquarters |- |Bangale |14,853 |0 |2 |x | |- |Bura |28,848 |0 |6 |x |Bura |- |Galole |34,948 |9,383 |4 |x |Hola |- |Garsen |51,592 |4,885 |4 |x |Garsen |- |Kipini |16,243 |0 |19 |x |Kipini |- |Madogo |21,731 |0 |12 |x | |- |Wenje |12,686 |0 |23 |x |Wenje |- |''Total'' |''180,901'' |''14,268'' |''5 (average)'' |x | |- | colspan="6" |{{Small|* 1999 census. Sources:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cck.go.ke/html/final_annex1_cover_status.pdf |title=Communications Commission of Kenya – Status of Coverage of Communications Services |access-date=21 September 2023 |archive-date=16 June 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070616215050/http://www.cck.go.ke/html/final_annex1_cover_status.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/html/Urban%20Poverty%20all%20Kenya%20Province%20through%20Location%20Final.xls International Livestock Research Institute – Urban Poverty] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718022538/http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/html/Urban%20Poverty%20all%20Kenya%20Province%20through%20Location%20Final.xls |date=18 July 2011 }} (.xls)</ref>}} |} == Rikicin kabilanci na 2012 == A ranar 22 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, a cikin mafi munin tashin hankali a Kenya tun shekara ta 2007, akalla mutane 52 ne aka kashe a cikin tashin hankali na kabilanci a Gundumar Tana River tsakanin kungiyoyin Orma da Pokomo. <ref name="AJ">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Dozens killed in Kenya clashes |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/08/201282214141543505.html |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Webarchive template wayback links]] i22d8ivhsbc8crrdya8yco3jcpgbdz8 843114 843110 2026-05-30T06:35:57Z Pharouqenr 25549 843114 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Kenya]] gundumar Tana River wani yanki ne na Lardin Coast, Kenya . An sanya masa suna ne bayan Kogin Tana da kansa. Kafin rabuwa da ta haifar da kirkirar Gundumar Tana Delta, Kogin Tana yana da yanki kamar yadda ya kai kilomita 38,446 (14,844 sq.<ref name="statoids">{{Cite web |title=Districts of Kenya |url=http://www.statoids.com/yke.html |access-date=2012-08-23 |publisher=Statoids.com}}</ref> Babban birnin gundumar shi ne Hola, wanda aka fi sani da Galole . A cikin Lardin Tanaland, an kirkiro Gundumar Tana River a cikin 1897, tare da hedkwatarta a Kipini . A cikin 1920, an soke lardin Tanaland, an gudanar da wani ɓangare na gundumar daga Kismayu kuma an canja shi zuwa Yankin Arewa a cikin 1922. A cikin 1923, Kogin Tana ya haɗu da Gundumar Lamu, don haka ya fada cikin Lardin Coast. Kogin Tana ya sake samun matsayin gundumar a 1927, ya sake dawo da hedkwatarsa a Kipini. Lamu da Kogin Tana za su haɗu a 1935, kuma tsakanin 1944 da 1948. A shekara ta 1959, an tura hedkwatar gundumar daga Kipini zuwa Galole, kuma sake dubawa game da yankunan gundumar sun ga ɓangarorin Gundumar Kitui ta Lardin Tsakiya tare da Kogin Tana, yayin da yankunan da ke cikin Kogin Tana suka ɓace kuma suka haɗu da Gundumar Garissa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=description of the districts and provinces |url=https://surface.syr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?filename=6&article=1005&context=books&type=additional |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Syracuse University |page=6}}</ref> A cikin 1963, Kogin Tana yana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomi na Lardin Coast na Kenya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenya Gazette dated 2nd April, 1963 |url=https://gazettes.africa/archive/ke/1963/ke-government-gazette-dated-1963-04-09-no-16.pdf |access-date=22 September 2023 |website=Gazettes.Africa}}</ref> Manyan kabilun sune Pokomo, da yawa daga cikinsu manoma ne, da Orma da Wardey, wadanda galibi makiyaya ne. Gundumar gabaɗaya ta bushe kuma tana fuskantar fari. Ruwan sama ba daidai ba ne, tare da lokutan ruwan sama a watan Maris-Mayu da Oktoba-Disamba. Rikicin ya faru tsakanin manoma da mutanen da ke zaune a gida game da samun ruwa. Ambaliyar ruwa kuma matsala ce ta yau da kullun, wanda ya haifar da ruwan sama mai yawa a yankunan da ke saman Kogin Tana. A ranar 22 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, a cikin mafi munin tashin hankali a Kenya tun shekara ta 2007, akalla mutane 52 ne aka kashe a cikin tashin hankali na kabilanci a Gundumar Tana River tsakanin kungiyoyin Orma da Pokomo. <ref name="AJ">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Dozens killed in Kenya clashes |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/08/201282214141543505.html |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref> Gundumar Tana River ta kasu kashi biyu tare da ƙarin gundumar, Tana Delta ta kirkira. Kogin Tana yana da yawan jama'a 143,411, yayin da Tana Delta ke da 96,664. Yawancin jama'a sun kasance yankunan karkara a fadin gundumomi biyu, tare da jimillar yawan jama'a 204,210.<ref name="Population">{{Cite web |title=The 2009 Kenya Population and Housing Census |url=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3.sourceafrica.net/documents/21195/Census-2009.pdf |access-date=28 September 2023 |website=Amazonaws |pages=74, 234, 235}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2010, bayan da aka gabatar da sabon kundin tsarin mulki na Kenya, za a kirkiro yankuna bisa ga gundumomin Kenya kamar yadda a shekarar 1992. Wannan ya kamata ya nuna cewa iyakokin [[Gundumar Kogin Tana]] kafin rabuwa da Tana Delta dole ne a sake dawo da su don ƙirƙirar Gundumar Tana River. == Yankin gundumar == Duk da babban yanki na gundumar Tana River, ikonta kawai shine Majalisar Gundumar Tana River. Gundumar tana da mazabu uku: Garsen, Galole da Bura . {| class="wikitable" | colspan="6" |'''Administrative divisions''' |- | colspan="6" | |- !Division !Population* !Urban<br /><br /> population* !population<br /><br /> density !Area (km²) !Headquarters |- |Bangale |14,853 |0 |2 |x | |- |Bura |28,848 |0 |6 |x |Bura |- |Galole |34,948 |9,383 |4 |x |Hola |- |Garsen |51,592 |4,885 |4 |x |Garsen |- |Kipini |16,243 |0 |19 |x |Kipini |- |Madogo |21,731 |0 |12 |x | |- |Wenje |12,686 |0 |23 |x |Wenje |- |''Total'' |''180,901'' |''14,268'' |''5 (average)'' |x | |- | colspan="6" |{{Small|* 1999 census. Sources:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cck.go.ke/html/final_annex1_cover_status.pdf |title=Communications Commission of Kenya – Status of Coverage of Communications Services |access-date=21 September 2023 |archive-date=16 June 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070616215050/http://www.cck.go.ke/html/final_annex1_cover_status.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/html/Urban%20Poverty%20all%20Kenya%20Province%20through%20Location%20Final.xls International Livestock Research Institute – Urban Poverty] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718022538/http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/html/Urban%20Poverty%20all%20Kenya%20Province%20through%20Location%20Final.xls |date=18 July 2011 }} (.xls)</ref>}} |} == Rikicin kabilanci na 2012 == A ranar 22 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, a cikin mafi munin tashin hankali a Kenya tun shekara ta 2007, akalla mutane 52 ne aka kashe a cikin tashin hankali na kabilanci a Gundumar Tana River tsakanin kungiyoyin Orma da Pokomo. <ref name="AJ">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Dozens killed in Kenya clashes |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/08/201282214141543505.html |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Webarchive template wayback links]] mm2iqfwdkml1ikjxuy58yg9vw1ukd80 0 152809 842446 841651 2026-05-29T13:25:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 842446 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} == Wuri == Masaka tana da nisan {{Convert|132|km|0}} zuwa kudu maso yammacin [[Kampala]] a kan babbar hanyar zuwa Mbarara . Birnin yana kusa da Equator . Daidaito na Masaka sune 0°20'28.0"S, 31°44'10.0"E (Latitude:-0.341111; Longitude:31.736111). Masaka yana da matsakaicin tsayin {{Convert|1288|m|0}} sama da matakin teku. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Floodmap |date=2018 |title=Elevation of Masaka, Uganda |url=http://www.floodmap.net/Elevation/ElevationMap/?gi=229380 |access-date=3 June 2019 |publisher=Floodmap.net}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Masaka a matsayin gari a shekarar 1953. Ta zama majalisar gari a shekarar 1958 da kuma ƙaramar hukuma a shekarar 1968. <ref name="CstR">{{Cite web |last=Martins Ssekweyama |date=15 June 2016 |title=Masaka Town Expands To Get City Status |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Masaka-town-expands-to-get-city-status/688334-3249600-15030upz/index.html |access-date=1 June 2019}}</ref> Masaka, kasancewarta ɗaya daga cikin gundumomi mafi ci gaba a lokacin rikicin neman iko da ya faru bayan da Uganda ta sami 'yancin kai, wuri ne mai mahimmanci a lokacin [[Yaƙin Uganda da Tanzania]] (1978-79), kuma sojojin Uganda sun yi masa kawanya . Waɗannan sojojin sun tsoratar da fararen hular yankin, wanda hakan ya sa yawancinsu suka tsere daga garin. A ranar 23-24 ga Fabrairu 1979, Rundunar Tsaron Jama'ar Tanzaniya da 'yan tawayen Uganda da ke haɗin gwiwa suka kai hari kan matsugunin, wanda ya haifar da Yaƙin Masaka . An yi wa garin ruwan bama-bamai da manyan bindigogi, kuma suka faɗa hannun sojojin da Tanzania ta jagoranta bayan sun yi amfani da ƙarfin bindiga. Daga baya 'yan Tanzaniya suka lalata mafi yawan garin don ɗaukar fansa kan ta'asar da Sojojin Uganda suka aikata a lokacin mamayar da suka yi a arewa maso yammacin Tanzania a baya. {{Sfn|Cooper|Fontanellaz|2015}} A lokacin Yaƙin Bush na Uganda, Masaka ta sake shan wahala daga yaƙi. Rundunar 'Yantar da Ƙasa ta Uganda wadda ta kasance rundunar sojojin ƙasar Uganda a wancan lokacin ta tsare garin. A ƙarshen shekarar 1985, 'yan tawayen National Resistance Army [[Siege of Masaka|sun yi wa garin kawanya]] . Bayan yaƙi mai tsanani, rundunar sojojin Masaka ta miƙa wuya a ranar 10 ga Disamba, 1985. {{Sfn|Cooper|Fontanellaz|2015}} A shekarar 2019, Majalisar Ministocin Uganda, ta yanke shawarar ba wa Masaka matsayin birni, wanda zai fara aiki daga watan Yulin 2023. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Franklin Draku |date=22 May 2019 |title=Cabinet Elevates 15 Municipalities To Cities |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Cabinet-elevates-15-municipalities-cities/688334-5125824-5h8yw4z/index.html |access-date=1 June 2019 |website=[[Daily Monitor]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFranklin_Draku2019">Franklin Draku (22 May 2019). [https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Cabinet-elevates-15-municipalities-cities/688334-5125824-5h8yw4z/index.html "Cabinet Elevates 15 Municipalities To Cities"]. ''[[Daily Monitor]]''. Kampala<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="9R">{{Cite web |last=Isa Aliga |first=and Al-Mahdi Ssenkabirwa |date=10 June 2019 |title=Kabaka Faults Government On Delayed Masaka City Status |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Kabaka-faults-government-delayed--Masaka-city-status/688334-5151284-ffev8dz/index.html |access-date=11 June 2019}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na wannan shekarar, Majalisar Ministocin ta sake duba ranar matsayin birni zuwa 1 ga Yulin 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kungu Al-Mahadi Adam |date=5 November 2019 |title=Cabinet Includes Masaka, Mbale Among New Cities To Be Operational In 2020 |url=https://www.softpower.ug/cabinet-includes-masaka-mbale-among-new-cities-to-be-operational-in-2020/ |access-date=6 November 2019 |publisher=SoftPower Uganda |place=Kampala}}</ref> Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2021, birnin Masaka ya mamaye jimillar fadin {{Convert|100|km2|acre}} . Majalisar Birnin Masaka, tare da taimakon gwamnatin tsakiyar Uganda da Bankin Duniya, tana kan aiwatar da manyan gyare-gyare a tituna da tituna, a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin Ci gaban Kayayyakin more rayuwa na Gundumar (USMID). Birnin yana da kasafin kuɗin aiki na dala biliyan 73 (kimanin dala miliyan 21), a cikin shekarar kuɗi ta 2020/2021. <ref name="UsmidR">{{Cite web |last=Wilson Kutamba |date=17 June 2021 |title=Masaka USMID roads construction starts |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/masaka-usmid-roads-construction-starts--3441042 |access-date=19 June 2021}}</ref> == Yawan Jama'a == A bisa kididdigar ƙasa ta 2002, yawan jama'ar Masaka ya kai kimanin 67,800. A shekarar 2010, Ofishin Kididdiga na Uganda (UBOS) ya kiyasta yawan jama'a ya kai 73,300. A shekarar 2011, UBOS ta kiyasta yawan jama'a na tsakiyar shekara ya kai 74,100. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimated Population of Masaka In 2002, 2010 & 2011 |url=http://www.ubos.org/onlinefiles/uploads/ubos/pdf%20documents/TP52010.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707231502/http://www.ubos.org/onlinefiles/uploads/ubos/pdf%20documents/TP52010.pdf |archive-date=7 July 2014 |access-date=17 April 2014 |publisher=Uganda Bureau of Statistics}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2014, ƙidayar jama'a ta ƙasa ta nuna cewa yawan jama'a ya kai 103,829. <ref name="Data">{{Cite web |last=UBOS |date=27 August 2014 |title=The Population of The Regions of the Republic of Uganda And All Cities And Towns of More Than 15,000 Inhabitants |url=http://citypopulation.de/Uganda-Cities.html |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=Citypopulation.de Quoting Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS)}}</ref> A shekarar 2020, UBOS ta kiyasta yawan mutanen birnin Masaka a tsakiyar shekara zuwa 116,600. Hukumar yawan jama'a ta ƙididdige yawan karuwar jama'ar garin zuwa matsakaicin kashi 2.11, tsakanin 2014 da 2020. Kididdigar ƙasa ta 2024 ta ƙidaya mutanen da ke birnin Masaka a 285,509. <ref name="PopR1">{{Cite web |last=Farish Magembe |date=28 June 2024 |title=Masaka City Mayor Rejects Census Results |url=https://nilepost.co.ug/top-stories/205486/masaka-city-mayor-rejects-census-results |access-date=3 November 2024 |website=Nile Post Uganda}}</ref>{{Historical populations|1969|12,987|1980|29,123|1991|49,585|2002|67,768|2014|103,227|2020|116,600|2024|285,509||}} == Bayani == [[Fayil:Jolly_images1.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Noman masara a Masaka]] [[Fayil:Villa_Maria_Catholic_parish_Masaka.jpg|thumb|333x333px|Cocin Katolika na Villa Maria a Masaka]] [[Fayil:Masaka_city_clock_tower.jpg|alt=A clock tower in masaka city|thumb|Hasumiyar agogon birnin Masaka]] A shekarar 2016, kafin birnin ya kai matsayin birni, Masaka ya mamaye {{Convert|58|km2|0}} . An raba shi zuwa sassa uku na gudanarwa, (a) Katwe-Butego (b) Kimaanya-Kyabakuza da (c) Nyendo-Mukungwe. An kuma raba shi zuwa yankuna 54. <ref name="CstR"/> Gasar tseren marathon ta Uganda wadda ake yi kowace shekara a watan Yuni, tana gudana sau biyu a cikin garin, kuma kudaden da ake samu suna tallafawa ayyukan yi da ci gaban al'umma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2019)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Wuraren da ake sha'awa == Wuraren da suka fi jan hankali a Masaka ko kuma kusa da iyakokinta sun haɗa da ofisoshin Majalisar Birnin Masaka, babbar kasuwar Masaka, hedikwatar Brigade ta Mechanized na Rundunar Tsaron Jama'ar Uganda, Asibitin Yankin Masaka, Cibiyar Kuɗi ta Masaka (wani wurin adana kuɗi da sarrafa kuɗi mallakar Bankin Uganda ne kuma ke gudanarwa), Babban harabar [[Jami'ar Muteesa I ta Royal|Jami'ar Muteesa I Royal]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Campus Times Reporter |date=15 January 2014 |title=Courses offered at Muteesa I Royal University |url=https://www.campustimesug.com/courses-offered-at-muteesa-i-royal-university/ |access-date=1 June 2019 |publisher=Campus Times Uganda}}</ref> Yammacin harabar [[Jami'ar Kampala]] da Kwalejin St. Henry's Kitovu . Hedkwatar Radio Buddu FM suma suna nan. Tafkin Nabugabo, wani ƙaramin tafki mai ruwa mai tsafta wanda ke da nisan kimanin kilomita 23 (14)&nbsp;mi), ta hanya, gabashin Masaka. Tafkin tauraron dan adam ne na [[Tafkin Victoria]], wanda tsawonsa ya kai kilomita 4 kacal (2.5)&nbsp;mi) nesa da gabar tekun da wani yanki mai faɗi ya raba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Weis |first=Almut |title=GNF - Lake Nabugabo |url=http://www.globalnature.org/docs/02_vorlage.asp?id=29837&domid=1011&sp=E&addlastid=&m1=11089&m2=28219&m3=29372&m4=29837 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513155118/http://www.globalnature.org/docs/02_vorlage.asp?id=29837&domid=1011&sp=E&addlastid=&m1=11089&m2=28219&m3=29372&m4=29837 |archive-date=2012-05-13 |access-date=2026-02-24 |website=globalnature.org |url-status=dead }}</ref> Al'ummar yankin sun dogara sosai kan tafkin saboda yawan jama'a da ayyukan noma . Tafkin da kewayensa suna da wadataccen namun daji da tsirrai, inda [[Ruwan ruwa|yankin da ake samun furanni]] ya kasance gida ga tsirrai biyu masu fure da ba a samu a wani wuri ba, kuma nau'ikan iri goma sha huɗu a Uganda an san su ne kawai a wannan yanki; da kuma kifaye da dama na asali da kusan nau'ikan tsire-tsire 300 na musamman. == Addini A Masaka == Daga cikin kimanin mutane 1,826,286 da ke ƙarƙashin Diocese na Masaka, 1,077,508 daga cikinsu sun bayyana a matsayin Katolika . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Masaka Diocese |url=https://www.uecon.org/provinces/kampala-ecclesiastical/masaka2 |access-date=2026-02-24 |website=Uganda Episcopal Conference |language=en-gb}}</ref> Hedkwatar Diocese na Roman Katolika na Masaka ta dogara ne akan Masaka. Tana cikin Lardin Ecclesiastical na [[Kampala]] kuma tana aiki a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin diocese na asali da aka kafa a Uganda wanda ba a raba shi ba tun lokacin da aka kafa ta. Diocese ɗin ya ƙunshi yanki mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 21,199 (mil murabba'in kilomita 8,188) kuma ya ƙunshi parishes 57 da cibiyoyin ruhaniya 9 da suka mamaye gundumomi 10 a Babban Yankin Masaka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-28 |title=Home Masaka Diocese |url=https://masakadiocese.org/ |access-date=2026-02-24 |website=masakadiocese.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Cathedral na St Paul babban coci ne na [[Cocin Uganda]] wanda ke kan tudun Kako, kimanin kilomita 10 (6.2)&nbsp;mi) a arewa maso gabashin Masaka. Hakanan yana aiki a matsayin wurin zama na Diocese na Yammacin Buganda, wanda aka sassaka daga Diocese na Namirembe a 1960. Bayan wannan bikin rantsar da shi, an ɗaga Cocin St Paul da ke Kako zuwa matsayin babban coci kuma ya zama hedikwatar diocese. == Cibiyar Sana'o'i da Zamantakewa ta Hamda == Hamda Taryam sananniyar mai taimakon jama'a ce ta Emirati a Uganda wadda ta fara ayyukan agaji daban-daban ta hanyar gidauniyarta, Hamda Foundation for Charitable Investments. A watan Maris na 2022, a bikin baje kolin Emirates Custom Show, an sanar da wani sabon aiki mai suna Hamda Vocational and Social Institute a yankin Maska na Uganda don tallafawa marayun Uganda, tare da tabbatar da cewa sun cancanci shiga kasuwa, tare da kudaden da aka samu zuwa ayyukan jin kai da na agaji wanda Gidauniyar ta dauki nauyin daukar nauyinsu. Wannan cibiya, ci gaba da aikin 'Makarantar Taryam' ga marayu, wani bangare ne na rukunin ayyukan jin kai da gidauniyar ta kammala a baya. Aikin ga marayu yana samar da ilimi kyauta ga dalibai maza da mata 350 a dukkan matakai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Emirati racer dies: Sharjah Ruler grants Dh1 million for Hamda Taryam's unfinished charity projects |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/uae/emirati-racer-dies-sharjah-ruler-grants-dh1-million-for-hamda-taryams-unfinished-charity-projects}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2024 |title=Sharjah ruler allocates Rs 2 cr to complete Hamda Taryam's charitable projects |url=https://www.siasat.com/sharjah-ruler-allocates-rs-2-cr-to-complete-hamda-taryams-charitable-projects-2966277/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 January 2024 |title=Tributes pour in for young Emirati drag racer Hamda Taryam |url=https://gulfnews.com/uae/people/tributes-pour-in-for-young-emirati-drag-racer-hamda-taryam-1.100743670}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qsugdbvnhyjf7cpjwp20ot02t3ks0dh 0 153084 842429 2026-05-29T12:00:43Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334635791|Luapula River]]" 842429 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mweru-Luapula.jpg|thumb|623x623px|Luapula (ƙasa) tana samar da wani yanki mai faɗi inda ta shiga Tafkin Mweru (tsakiya, cikin baƙi), kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin wannan hoton tauraron ɗan adam na NASA mai launi na ƙarya. Layukan shuɗi suna nuna fadama da tsibiran (9, 10); layin da ke nuna alamar ambaliyar kogin (11). Digogi ja (1-8) garuruwa ne. Duba bayanin kula don cikakken labari. {{NoteTag|Towns in Zambia (1–5): 1 Chiengi, 2 Kashikishi, 3 Nchelenge, 4 Mwansabombwe, and 5 Mwense Towns in DR Congo (6–8): 6 [[Pweto]], 7 [[Kilwa, Katanga|Kilwa]], 8 [[Kasenga]]. Other features (9–11): 9 Chisenga Island, 10 the largest swamp island (in DR Congo), 11 the main floodplain.}}]] '''Kogin Luapula''' kogi ne mai gudana a arewa a tsakiyar Afirka, a cikin ruwan [[Kogin Congo]] . {{NoteTag|The Luapula is not part of the Congo River itself, but some sources<ref>Pourtier, Roland and Sautter, Gilles François. "Congo River". Encyclopedia Britannica, 19 Feb. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/place/Congo-River. Accessed 8 March 2024</ref> use the Luapula and its tributary, the [[Chambeshi River|Chambeshi]], to measure the furthest length of the Congo River system.}} Yana tashi a cikin dausayin [[Tafkin Bangweulu]] ( [[Zambiya|Zambia]] ), wanda [[Kogin Chambeshi]] ke ciyar da shi. Luapula yana gudana yamma sannan arewa, yana nuna iyakar da ke tsakanin Zambia da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo]] kafin ya kwarara zuwa [[Tafkin Mweru]] . Kogin ya ba da sunansa ga Lardin Luapula na Zambia. == Tushe da kuma babban Luapula == Ruwan Luapula yana malalar [[tafkin Bangweulu]] da dausayinsa wanda ke kwarara zuwa cikin [[kogin Chambeshi]], tushen Congo. Babu wata hanya mai haske da ta haɗa koguna biyu da tafkin, sai dai tarin hanyoyin canzawa, tafkuna da dausayi, kamar yadda mai binciken David Livingstone ya gano a farashinsa. (Ya mutu yana binciken yankin, kuma ɗaya daga cikin ayyukansa na ƙarshe shine ya tambayi Cif Chitambo game da hanyar Luapula.) Tashar ta yi alama da 'Luapula' da ƙarfin hali kuma an nuna ta a taswira da yawa da ke kwarara kudu daga tafkin Bangweulu a 11°25'S 29°49'E ana iya ganin taswira da yawa a kan hotunan tauraron ɗan adam kamar Google Earth don a zahiri su faɗi cikin tsire-tsire kore a kusa da 11°46'S 29°48'E. A ƙarƙashin dausayin Bangweulu da kuma yankin ambaliyar ruwa, Luapula tana gudana a hankali a cikin wani yanki mai faɗi kudu maso yamma tana juyawa arewa maso yamma sannan arewa, tare da wasu kwararar ruwa da kuma sanannun tarin katangar ido, Mambilima Falls kusa da babban titin. Wani wuri da ba a san shi sosai ba shine Tangwa, kimanin {{Convert|40|km}} kudu inda kogin ya lalata wani rami ta cikin tsaunuka masu duwatsu yana sassaka manyan kogo, baka, da ramuka, sannan ya bar manyan duwatsu, gami da duwatsu biyu masu daidaita da ake kira 'Bankin Masara na Allah'. == Kwari == Daga gadar Chembe zuwa tafkin Mweru, {{Convert|300|km}} dogon kwarin Luapula yana da yawan jama'a a karkara fiye da tudun da ke ratsawa ta inda yake yankewa zuwa zurfin har zuwa {{Convert|500|m}} . An san kogin da wannan kwarin da kuma doguwar [[Delta|sirara]] da ke shiga tafkin Mweru, wanda aka fi sani da Luapula Floods. Yankin kwarin da ke da yawan jama'a ya fara daga arewa daga Mambilima Falls, kuma a sauran tsawonsa ana yi masa lakabi da 'Titin Mwapoleni', bayan gaisuwar Chibemba ta yi kira yayin da mutane ke wucewa juna. Don dalilai da yawa na bincike, ƙananan Luapula da Mweru za a iya ɗaukar su a matsayin abu ɗaya. Suna kwance a cikin kwarin kogi ko graben da aka taɓa ɗauka a matsayin daban da Gabashin Afirka amma yanzu ana ganin su a matsayin reshe. Duk da haka, Mweru ba ya kwarara zuwa [[Tafkin Tanganyika]] a cikin [[Kyautar Albertine|Kogin Albertine]] amma ta hanyar Kogin Luvua, wanda ya yanke wani zurfin kwarin zigzag don shiga [[Kogin Lualaba]], kamar yadda ake kiran babban Kongo. Luapula wani ɓangare ne na mafi tsayin kogin Kongo, don haka, bisa ga al'ada, ɓangare ne na tushensa, duk da cewa saman Lualaba yana ɗauke da ƙarin ruwa. A gefen kwarin rift {{Convert|60|km}} yammacin Luapula Swamps akwai tsarin Luizi, mai tsawon {{Convert|12.6|km}} jerin zobba masu faɗi. An tabbatar da shi kwanan nan a matsayin wani rami mai tasirin yanayi (wani astrobleme) wanda aka samar ƙasa da shekaru miliyan 600 da suka gabata. == Dausayi == Dausayin ya miƙe a tsawon {{Convert|100|km}} na kogin kafin ya isa tafkin, kuma mafi yawan hakan, suna da {{Convert|30|km}} faɗinsa, ya mamaye yanki mai girman {{Convert|2500|km2}} . Akwai tsibirai huɗu da ake zaune a cikinsu a cikin DR Congo na ɓangaren delta, ciki har da mafi girma a cikin tsarin, wanda ake iya isa gare shi a ƙasa a lokacin rani. Zambia tana da tsibirai uku da ake zaune a cikinsu a cikin delta, ciki har da Tsibirin Chisenga. Akwai kuma tafkuna da yawa, mafi girma daga cikinsu shine Lagoon Mofwe a gefen Zambia. Kamar yadda yake a cikin fadama na Bangweulu, gadajen papyrus masu iyo suna cikin fadama, waɗanda galibi suna toshe hanyoyin ruwa kuma suna canza siffar tafkuna. Duk da haka, babban hanyar kogin ba ta toshewa kuma tana ci gaba da kasancewa kusan {{Convert|400|m}}faɗin . Bai samar da hanyoyin rassan da suka yi kama da na kogin delta ba. Dogayen ciyawa suna girma a gefen dausayi a mafi yawan wurare, wanda hakan ke sa ya yi wuya a ga ruwa daga ƙasa ko kuma a sami hanyar zuwa ga kunkuntar hanyoyin da kwale-kwalen da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa ke amfani da su. Ana buƙatar jagorori don tafiya ta cikinsu, kuma mafaka ce ta fasa-kwauri tsakanin ƙasashen biyu da ke raba dausayi. Kada da dorinar ruwa sun zama ruwan dare gama gari kuma haɗari ne ga masunta da matafiya. Duk da haka, mutanen Shila sun saba farautar dorinar ruwa ba tare da amfani da komai ba sai harpoon da aka jefa daga kwale-kwale. A gefen yamma na delta a DR Congo akwai wani fili mai cike da ciyawa wanda ya mamaye kusan mutane 1,600&nbsp;km ^2. A ƙarshen lokacin damina, jimillar yankunan dausayi na Luapula sun wuce {{Convert|4000|km²}} . Filin ambaliyar ruwa ya kasance gida ga garken lechwe da sitatunga masu jin kunya, shahararrun barewa masu ruwa-ruwa na yankin, amma ana kyautata zaton duka biyun sun mutu a ƙananan Luapula saboda farauta da rashin kula da namun daji. == Yarjejeniyar ɗan adam == Sama da tsakiyar yankin Luapula ba su da yawan jama'a sosai. Albarkatun ƙasa na ƙananan kwarin, waɗanda suka haɗa da kamun kifi a cikin kogin, tafkuna da wuraren dausayi tare da gonaki masu albarka a gefensu, sun jawo hankalin mahara na Lunda na [[Kazembe|Mwata Kazembe]] zuwa wurin a kusa da 1750. Babban birninsu na yanzu yana Mwansabombwe a gefen delta. 'Yan kasuwa [[Larabawa]] da bayi daga [[Zanzibar]] da 'yan kasuwar [[Portugal]] daga [[Mozambik|Mozambique]] sun jawo hankalin yankin a ƙarni na 18 da 19. David Livingstone shine [[Birtaniya|ɗan Birtaniya]] na farko da ya ziyarci a 1867. Bai bincika kogin ba amma a cikin neman asalin [[Nil|Kogin]], Mwata Kazembe shine farkon wanda ya gaya masa cewa Luapula ya haɗa tsarin Chambeshi/Bangweulu da Mweru/Luvua/Lualaba. Livingstone ya yi kuskuren yarda cewa Lualaba ta kwarara zuwa Nilu maimakon zuwa Kogin Congo. Wasu daga cikin masu wa'azin farko a Afirka ta Tsakiya suma sun ja hankalin kwarin. Na farko shine [[Garanganze Mission]] of the Plymouth Brothers a Mambilima a kusa da 1892, sannan kuma London Missionary Society a Mbereshi a 1900. Babban gari na farko a zamanin mulkin mallaka shine tashar jiragen ruwa ta kogin Kasenga, a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, wanda ya sami wadata a shekarun 1930 daga samar da kifi zuwa [[Lubumbashi|Elizabethville]] da sauran garuruwan [[Lardin Katanga|Katanga]] Copperbelt ta hanyar titin mota na farko da ya isa kwarin. An kama yawancin kifayen a Tafkin Mweru kuma an kawo su da jirgin ruwa zuwa Luapula zuwa Kasenga, inda aka cika shi da kankara da aka samar a cikin shuke-shuke da dama. Duk da cewa kama kifayen ya ragu kuma yawancinsu yanzu suna tafiya akan ingantattun hanyoyin Zambia, Kasenga ya kasance ita ce kawai tashar jiragen ruwa a kogin. Don ƙarin bayani game da kamun kifi na yankin, duba ''[[Tafkin Mweru]]'' . A ɓangaren Zambia na Luapula, barkewar cutar barci ya sa hukumomin mulkin mallaka [[Daular Biritaniya|na Burtaniya]] suka ƙaura da Fort Rosebery Boma daga kwarin zuwa tudun Mansa, yayin da fargabar [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]] a cikin fadamun Luapula ya sa suka kafa na gaba a kan tudun a Kawambwa . Sakamakon haka, garuruwa da ƙauyuka a cikin kwarin, kamar mafi girma, Mwansabombwe, ba su da irin halin mulkin mallaka na dā kamar garuruwan gudanarwa. Duk da haka, bisa ga jagorancin masu ginin mishan da Mwata Kazembe, tun daga farkon shekarun 1900, yawancin gidaje a kwarin an gina su ne da tubali mai ƙarfi, [[Mudbrick|galibi bulo da aka busar da rana]], amma tare da wasu bulo da aka ƙone. <ref name="Lammond" /> == Sufurin ruwa == Kafin zuwan sufuri a kan hanya, mutane suna tafiya ta kwale-kwale a kan kogin tsakanin tafkunan Bangweulu da Mweru. Kogin ƙasa tsakanin Kasenga da Kilwa a kan Mweru yanzu shine kawai layin kogin da ke ɗauke da jigilar kwale-kwale da yawa kuma mafi yawan hakan yanzu ya kasance ga Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, inda hanyoyi ba sa wucewa. Har zuwa ƙarshen shekarun 1940, babban Luapula daga Kapalala zuwa Tafkin Bangweulu da Kogin Chambeshi yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman hanyoyin jigilar koguna a Arewacin Rhodesia a wancan lokacin. Kayayyaki suna tafiya ta hanya daga tashar jirgin ƙasa a Sakania {{Convert|10|km}} . arewacin [[Ndola]] zuwa Kapalala don a ɗora su a kan kwale-kwalen da ƙananan kwale-kwale. A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]], an yi amfani da rundunar jiragen ruwa 1,885 irin waɗannan don jigilar kayan aiki zuwa Chambeshi daga inda suka bi ta kan hanyar soja zuwa Mbala don Yaƙin Gabashin Afirka . Abin takaici, papyrus mai iyo da sauran ciyayi galibi suna shake hanyoyin ta cikin fadama na Bangweulu da ke haɗuwa da tafkin, Luapula da Chambeshi, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama da wahala a yi amfani da manyan kwale-kwale masu injina. == Mahadar kogi == Jiragen ruwan pontoon na farko na motoci suna Kasenga, Kapalala da Shiniama kusa da Matanda. Babu wanda ya rage, kodayake jirgin ruwan fasinja yana aiki tsakanin Kasenga da Kashiba, Zambia. A kusan shekarar 1950, jirgin ruwan Chembe da ke kan hanyar Congo Pedicle ya zama babban hanyar ketare motoci. Kogin da ke wurin yana da {{Convert|400|m}} faɗi amma zai iya ambaliya zuwa {{Convert|1|km}} faɗinsa a lokacin ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. A shekarar 1983 aka gina gada ta farko a kan kogin, mai tsawon {{Convert|2.5|km}} dogon [[Luapula Bridge|gadar Luapula]] a kan titin Samfya - Serenje . Hanyoyin gadar sun haɗa da kusan {{Convert|20|km}} na babban titin da ke kan tuddai da kuma wani {{Convert|40|km}} na bakin teku a kan filin ambaliyar ruwa. Gada ta biyu a kan kogin, {{Convert|320|m}}An kammala gadar Chembe mai tsayi a shekarar 2008 don maye gurbin Chembe Ferry. == Duba kuma == * Kwango Pedicle ''tare da taswirar da ke nuna hanyar kogin'' * Kogin Luvua * [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] * [[Lardin Katanga]] {{Reflist|group=note}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] q5em5ec4qvgjxk0j7q7p2wfv6ye8abs 842430 842429 2026-05-29T12:01:23Z Engineer014 44591 842430 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Mweru-Luapula.jpg|thumb|623x623px|Luapula (ƙasa) tana samar da wani yanki mai faɗi inda ta shiga Tafkin Mweru (tsakiya, cikin baƙi), kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin wannan hoton tauraron ɗan adam na NASA mai launi na ƙarya. Layukan shuɗi suna nuna fadama da tsibiran (9, 10); layin da ke nuna alamar ambaliyar kogin (11). Digogi ja (1-8) garuruwa ne. Duba bayanin kula don cikakken labari. {{NoteTag|Towns in Zambia (1–5): 1 Chiengi, 2 Kashikishi, 3 Nchelenge, 4 Mwansabombwe, and 5 Mwense Towns in DR Congo (6–8): 6 [[Pweto]], 7 [[Kilwa, Katanga|Kilwa]], 8 [[Kasenga]]. Other features (9–11): 9 Chisenga Island, 10 the largest swamp island (in DR Congo), 11 the main floodplain.}}]] '''Kogin Luapula''' kogi ne mai gudana a arewa a tsakiyar Afirka, a cikin ruwan [[Kogin Congo]] . {{NoteTag|The Luapula is not part of the Congo River itself, but some sources<ref>Pourtier, Roland and Sautter, Gilles François. "Congo River". Encyclopedia Britannica, 19 Feb. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/place/Congo-River. Accessed 8 March 2024</ref> use the Luapula and its tributary, the [[Chambeshi River|Chambeshi]], to measure the furthest length of the Congo River system.}} Yana tashi a cikin dausayin [[Tafkin Bangweulu]] ( [[Zambiya|Zambia]] ), wanda [[Kogin Chambeshi]] ke ciyar da shi. Luapula yana gudana yamma sannan arewa, yana nuna iyakar da ke tsakanin Zambia da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo]] kafin ya kwarara zuwa [[Tafkin Mweru]] . Kogin ya ba da sunansa ga Lardin Luapula na Zambia. == Tushe da kuma babban Luapula == Ruwan Luapula yana malalar [[tafkin Bangweulu]] da dausayinsa wanda ke kwarara zuwa cikin [[kogin Chambeshi]], tushen Congo. Babu wata hanya mai haske da ta haɗa koguna biyu da tafkin, sai dai tarin hanyoyin canzawa, tafkuna da dausayi, kamar yadda mai binciken David Livingstone ya gano a farashinsa. (Ya mutu yana binciken yankin, kuma ɗaya daga cikin ayyukansa na ƙarshe shine ya tambayi Cif Chitambo game da hanyar Luapula.) Tashar ta yi alama da 'Luapula' da ƙarfin hali kuma an nuna ta a taswira da yawa da ke kwarara kudu daga tafkin Bangweulu a 11°25'S 29°49'E ana iya ganin taswira da yawa a kan hotunan tauraron ɗan adam kamar Google Earth don a zahiri su faɗi cikin tsire-tsire kore a kusa da 11°46'S 29°48'E. A ƙarƙashin dausayin Bangweulu da kuma yankin ambaliyar ruwa, Luapula tana gudana a hankali a cikin wani yanki mai faɗi kudu maso yamma tana juyawa arewa maso yamma sannan arewa, tare da wasu kwararar ruwa da kuma sanannun tarin katangar ido, Mambilima Falls kusa da babban titin. Wani wuri da ba a san shi sosai ba shine Tangwa, kimanin {{Convert|40|km}} kudu inda kogin ya lalata wani rami ta cikin tsaunuka masu duwatsu yana sassaka manyan kogo, baka, da ramuka, sannan ya bar manyan duwatsu, gami da duwatsu biyu masu daidaita da ake kira 'Bankin Masara na Allah'. == Kwari == Daga gadar Chembe zuwa tafkin Mweru, {{Convert|300|km}} dogon kwarin Luapula yana da yawan jama'a a karkara fiye da tudun da ke ratsawa ta inda yake yankewa zuwa zurfin har zuwa {{Convert|500|m}} . An san kogin da wannan kwarin da kuma doguwar [[Delta|sirara]] da ke shiga tafkin Mweru, wanda aka fi sani da Luapula Floods. Yankin kwarin da ke da yawan jama'a ya fara daga arewa daga Mambilima Falls, kuma a sauran tsawonsa ana yi masa lakabi da 'Titin Mwapoleni', bayan gaisuwar Chibemba ta yi kira yayin da mutane ke wucewa juna. Don dalilai da yawa na bincike, ƙananan Luapula da Mweru za a iya ɗaukar su a matsayin abu ɗaya. Suna kwance a cikin kwarin kogi ko graben da aka taɓa ɗauka a matsayin daban da Gabashin Afirka amma yanzu ana ganin su a matsayin reshe. Duk da haka, Mweru ba ya kwarara zuwa [[Tafkin Tanganyika]] a cikin [[Kyautar Albertine|Kogin Albertine]] amma ta hanyar Kogin Luvua, wanda ya yanke wani zurfin kwarin zigzag don shiga [[Kogin Lualaba]], kamar yadda ake kiran babban Kongo. Luapula wani ɓangare ne na mafi tsayin kogin Kongo, don haka, bisa ga al'ada, ɓangare ne na tushensa, duk da cewa saman Lualaba yana ɗauke da ƙarin ruwa. A gefen kwarin rift {{Convert|60|km}} yammacin Luapula Swamps akwai tsarin Luizi, mai tsawon {{Convert|12.6|km}} jerin zobba masu faɗi. An tabbatar da shi kwanan nan a matsayin wani rami mai tasirin yanayi (wani astrobleme) wanda aka samar ƙasa da shekaru miliyan 600 da suka gabata. == Dausayi == Dausayin ya miƙe a tsawon {{Convert|100|km}} na kogin kafin ya isa tafkin, kuma mafi yawan hakan, suna da {{Convert|30|km}} faɗinsa, ya mamaye yanki mai girman {{Convert|2500|km2}} . Akwai tsibirai huɗu da ake zaune a cikinsu a cikin DR Congo na ɓangaren delta, ciki har da mafi girma a cikin tsarin, wanda ake iya isa gare shi a ƙasa a lokacin rani. Zambia tana da tsibirai uku da ake zaune a cikinsu a cikin delta, ciki har da Tsibirin Chisenga. Akwai kuma tafkuna da yawa, mafi girma daga cikinsu shine Lagoon Mofwe a gefen Zambia. Kamar yadda yake a cikin fadama na Bangweulu, gadajen papyrus masu iyo suna cikin fadama, waɗanda galibi suna toshe hanyoyin ruwa kuma suna canza siffar tafkuna. Duk da haka, babban hanyar kogin ba ta toshewa kuma tana ci gaba da kasancewa kusan {{Convert|400|m}}faɗin . Bai samar da hanyoyin rassan da suka yi kama da na kogin delta ba. Dogayen ciyawa suna girma a gefen dausayi a mafi yawan wurare, wanda hakan ke sa ya yi wuya a ga ruwa daga ƙasa ko kuma a sami hanyar zuwa ga kunkuntar hanyoyin da kwale-kwalen da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa ke amfani da su. Ana buƙatar jagorori don tafiya ta cikinsu, kuma mafaka ce ta fasa-kwauri tsakanin ƙasashen biyu da ke raba dausayi. Kada da dorinar ruwa sun zama ruwan dare gama gari kuma haɗari ne ga masunta da matafiya. Duk da haka, mutanen Shila sun saba farautar dorinar ruwa ba tare da amfani da komai ba sai harpoon da aka jefa daga kwale-kwale. A gefen yamma na delta a DR Congo akwai wani fili mai cike da ciyawa wanda ya mamaye kusan mutane 1,600&nbsp;km ^2. A ƙarshen lokacin damina, jimillar yankunan dausayi na Luapula sun wuce {{Convert|4000|km²}} . Filin ambaliyar ruwa ya kasance gida ga garken lechwe da sitatunga masu jin kunya, shahararrun barewa masu ruwa-ruwa na yankin, amma ana kyautata zaton duka biyun sun mutu a ƙananan Luapula saboda farauta da rashin kula da namun daji. == Yarjejeniyar ɗan adam == Sama da tsakiyar yankin Luapula ba su da yawan jama'a sosai. Albarkatun ƙasa na ƙananan kwarin, waɗanda suka haɗa da kamun kifi a cikin kogin, tafkuna da wuraren dausayi tare da gonaki masu albarka a gefensu, sun jawo hankalin mahara na Lunda na [[Kazembe|Mwata Kazembe]] zuwa wurin a kusa da 1750. Babban birninsu na yanzu yana Mwansabombwe a gefen delta. 'Yan kasuwa [[Larabawa]] da bayi daga [[Zanzibar]] da 'yan kasuwar [[Portugal]] daga [[Mozambik|Mozambique]] sun jawo hankalin yankin a ƙarni na 18 da 19. David Livingstone shine [[Birtaniya|ɗan Birtaniya]] na farko da ya ziyarci a 1867. Bai bincika kogin ba amma a cikin neman asalin [[Nil|Kogin]], Mwata Kazembe shine farkon wanda ya gaya masa cewa Luapula ya haɗa tsarin Chambeshi/Bangweulu da Mweru/Luvua/Lualaba. Livingstone ya yi kuskuren yarda cewa Lualaba ta kwarara zuwa Nilu maimakon zuwa Kogin Congo. Wasu daga cikin masu wa'azin farko a Afirka ta Tsakiya suma sun ja hankalin kwarin. Na farko shine [[Garanganze Mission]] of the Plymouth Brothers a Mambilima a kusa da 1892, sannan kuma London Missionary Society a Mbereshi a 1900. Babban gari na farko a zamanin mulkin mallaka shine tashar jiragen ruwa ta kogin Kasenga, a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, wanda ya sami wadata a shekarun 1930 daga samar da kifi zuwa [[Lubumbashi|Elizabethville]] da sauran garuruwan [[Lardin Katanga|Katanga]] Copperbelt ta hanyar titin mota na farko da ya isa kwarin. An kama yawancin kifayen a Tafkin Mweru kuma an kawo su da jirgin ruwa zuwa Luapula zuwa Kasenga, inda aka cika shi da kankara da aka samar a cikin shuke-shuke da dama. Duk da cewa kama kifayen ya ragu kuma yawancinsu yanzu suna tafiya akan ingantattun hanyoyin Zambia, Kasenga ya kasance ita ce kawai tashar jiragen ruwa a kogin. Don ƙarin bayani game da kamun kifi na yankin, duba ''[[Tafkin Mweru]]'' . A ɓangaren Zambia na Luapula, barkewar cutar barci ya sa hukumomin mulkin mallaka [[Daular Biritaniya|na Burtaniya]] suka ƙaura da Fort Rosebery Boma daga kwarin zuwa tudun Mansa, yayin da fargabar [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]] a cikin fadamun Luapula ya sa suka kafa na gaba a kan tudun a Kawambwa . Sakamakon haka, garuruwa da ƙauyuka a cikin kwarin, kamar mafi girma, Mwansabombwe, ba su da irin halin mulkin mallaka na dā kamar garuruwan gudanarwa. Duk da haka, bisa ga jagorancin masu ginin mishan da Mwata Kazembe, tun daga farkon shekarun 1900, yawancin gidaje a kwarin an gina su ne da tubali mai ƙarfi, [[Mudbrick|galibi bulo da aka busar da rana]], amma tare da wasu bulo da aka ƙone. <ref name="Lammond" /> == Sufurin ruwa == Kafin zuwan sufuri a kan hanya, mutane suna tafiya ta kwale-kwale a kan kogin tsakanin tafkunan Bangweulu da Mweru. Kogin ƙasa tsakanin Kasenga da Kilwa a kan Mweru yanzu shine kawai layin kogin da ke ɗauke da jigilar kwale-kwale da yawa kuma mafi yawan hakan yanzu ya kasance ga Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, inda hanyoyi ba sa wucewa. Har zuwa ƙarshen shekarun 1940, babban Luapula daga Kapalala zuwa Tafkin Bangweulu da Kogin Chambeshi yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman hanyoyin jigilar koguna a Arewacin Rhodesia a wancan lokacin. Kayayyaki suna tafiya ta hanya daga tashar jirgin ƙasa a Sakania {{Convert|10|km}} . arewacin [[Ndola]] zuwa Kapalala don a ɗora su a kan kwale-kwalen da ƙananan kwale-kwale. A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]], an yi amfani da rundunar jiragen ruwa 1,885 irin waɗannan don jigilar kayan aiki zuwa Chambeshi daga inda suka bi ta kan hanyar soja zuwa Mbala don Yaƙin Gabashin Afirka . Abin takaici, papyrus mai iyo da sauran ciyayi galibi suna shake hanyoyin ta cikin fadama na Bangweulu da ke haɗuwa da tafkin, Luapula da Chambeshi, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama da wahala a yi amfani da manyan kwale-kwale masu injina. == Mahadar kogi == Jiragen ruwan pontoon na farko na motoci suna Kasenga, Kapalala da Shiniama kusa da Matanda. Babu wanda ya rage, kodayake jirgin ruwan fasinja yana aiki tsakanin Kasenga da Kashiba, Zambia. A kusan shekarar 1950, jirgin ruwan Chembe da ke kan hanyar Congo Pedicle ya zama babban hanyar ketare motoci. Kogin da ke wurin yana da {{Convert|400|m}} faɗi amma zai iya ambaliya zuwa {{Convert|1|km}} faɗinsa a lokacin ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. A shekarar 1983 aka gina gada ta farko a kan kogin, mai tsawon {{Convert|2.5|km}} dogon [[Luapula Bridge|gadar Luapula]] a kan titin Samfya - Serenje . Hanyoyin gadar sun haɗa da kusan {{Convert|20|km}} na babban titin da ke kan tuddai da kuma wani {{Convert|40|km}} na bakin teku a kan filin ambaliyar ruwa. Gada ta biyu a kan kogin, {{Convert|320|m}}An kammala gadar Chembe mai tsayi a shekarar 2008 don maye gurbin Chembe Ferry. == Duba kuma == * Kwango Pedicle ''tare da taswirar da ke nuna hanyar kogin'' * Kogin Luvua * [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] * [[Lardin Katanga]] {{Reflist|group=note}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lejsxbf90e2rzd0j8ta9sapuqn6hhau 0 153085 842434 2026-05-29T12:37:27Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1309719705|Heisa Island]]" 842434 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tsibirin Heisa''' ko '''el-Heissa''' ( Arabic ) tsibiri ne mai cike da mutane, wanda ke a tsohon Cataract na [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] na farko a cikin tarihi na Nubia a cikin gundumar Aswan ta kudancin [[Misra|Masar]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Gindy, Nazeh |date=October 2016 |title=Comprehensive geological study on recent surface sediments of a small North African reservoir, Egypt |journal=The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research |volume=44}}</ref> Kimanin 2&nbsp;Tsibirin mai tsawon kilomita yana cikin madatsar ruwan Aswan Low Dam tun lokacin da aka fara kammala madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1902. Mutanen Heisan suna magana da Kenzi Nubian . <ref name="apnews">{{Cite web |title=Two communities show Nubians' past, a version of the future |url=https://apnews.com/general-news-e5c9453610f845b8a4f19edc481273d9 |access-date=2025-07-31}}</ref> == Yanayin ƙasa == Heisa ita ce babbar tsibiri tsakanin Madatsar Ruwa ta Aswan da Babban Madatsar Ruwa ta Aswan a kudancin [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] . Tana kudu maso yammacin Tsibirin [[Bigeh]] da kuma [[Haikali na Philae|ginin haikalin Philae]] . Akwai wani ƙauye, mazaunin 'yan Nubian 2000 a kudancin rabin tsibirin. Yayin da aka kwashe sauran ƙauyukan da ke kewaye da ita daga yankin bayan gina Babban Madatsar Ruwa ta Aswan, mutanen Heisa sun zauna, suna ƙaura zuwa tuddai maimakon haka, yayin da yawancin gonakinsu suka ɓace a ƙarƙashin ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=What Life Is Like In Egypt's Nubian Society |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/egypt-nubians-photos_n_55a7b9c8e4b04740a3df0db0 |access-date=2025-07-31}}</ref> Gidajensu masu hawa ɗaya, waɗanda aka gina a kan tsaunukan dutse, suna da faɗi kuma an yi musu fenti da launuka masu haske, wasu kuma suna da kusurwoyi waɗanda ke kama da gine-ginen gargajiya na Nubian. Yankin arewacin tsibirin yana da yanayin duwatsu. <ref name="apnews">{{Cite web |title=Two communities show Nubians' past, a version of the future |url=https://apnews.com/general-news-e5c9453610f845b8a4f19edc481273d9 |access-date=2025-07-31}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://apnews.com/general-news-e5c9453610f845b8a4f19edc481273d9 "Two communities show Nubians' past, a version of the future"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-07-31</span></span>.</cite></ref> An sami sassaka da kayan tarihi kaɗan a tsibirin, duk da cewa ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a baya a matsayin wurin binne firistoci a kan haikali a Philae. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ehab Rabee, Mohammed Ali |date=June 2015 |title=The effect of negative cultural impact of tourism on cultural sustainability in Heissa Island, Aswan-Egypt |journal=Journal of the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels (University of Sadat City) |volume=9 |issue=1/3 |doi=10.21608/mfth.2025.427194}}</ref> == Manazarta == f75nysmyz5lu7rtsrhi836k54crkd91 842435 842434 2026-05-29T12:38:06Z Engineer014 44591 842435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tsibirin Heisa''' ko '''el-Heissa''' ( Arabic ) tsibiri ne mai cike da mutane, wanda ke a tsohon Cataract na [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] na farko a cikin tarihi na Nubia a cikin gundumar Aswan ta kudancin [[Misra|Masar]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Gindy, Nazeh |date=October 2016 |title=Comprehensive geological study on recent surface sediments of a small North African reservoir, Egypt |journal=The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research |volume=44}}</ref> Kimanin 2&nbsp;Tsibirin mai tsawon kilomita yana cikin madatsar ruwan Aswan Low Dam tun lokacin da aka fara kammala madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1902. Mutanen Heisan suna magana da Kenzi Nubian . <ref name="apnews">{{Cite web |title=Two communities show Nubians' past, a version of the future |url=https://apnews.com/general-news-e5c9453610f845b8a4f19edc481273d9 |access-date=2025-07-31}}</ref> == Yanayin ƙasa == Heisa ita ce babbar tsibiri tsakanin Madatsar Ruwa ta Aswan da Babban Madatsar Ruwa ta Aswan a kudancin [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] . Tana kudu maso yammacin Tsibirin [[Bigeh]] da kuma [[Haikali na Philae|ginin haikalin Philae]] . Akwai wani ƙauye, mazaunin 'yan Nubian 2000 a kudancin rabin tsibirin. Yayin da aka kwashe sauran ƙauyukan da ke kewaye da ita daga yankin bayan gina Babban Madatsar Ruwa ta Aswan, mutanen Heisa sun zauna, suna ƙaura zuwa tuddai maimakon haka, yayin da yawancin gonakinsu suka ɓace a ƙarƙashin ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=What Life Is Like In Egypt's Nubian Society |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/egypt-nubians-photos_n_55a7b9c8e4b04740a3df0db0 |access-date=2025-07-31}}</ref> Gidajensu masu hawa ɗaya, waɗanda aka gina a kan tsaunukan dutse, suna da faɗi kuma an yi musu fenti da launuka masu haske, wasu kuma suna da kusurwoyi waɗanda ke kama da gine-ginen gargajiya na Nubian. Yankin arewacin tsibirin yana da yanayin duwatsu. <ref name="apnews">{{Cite web |title=Two communities show Nubians' past, a version of the future |url=https://apnews.com/general-news-e5c9453610f845b8a4f19edc481273d9 |access-date=2025-07-31}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://apnews.com/general-news-e5c9453610f845b8a4f19edc481273d9 "Two communities show Nubians' past, a version of the future"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-07-31</span></span>.</cite></ref> An sami sassaka da kayan tarihi kaɗan a tsibirin, duk da cewa ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a baya a matsayin wurin binne firistoci a kan haikali a Philae. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ehab Rabee, Mohammed Ali |date=June 2015 |title=The effect of negative cultural impact of tourism on cultural sustainability in Heissa Island, Aswan-Egypt |journal=Journal of the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels (University of Sadat City) |volume=9 |issue=1/3 |doi=10.21608/mfth.2025.427194}}</ref> == Manazarta == sjmjxlecsnqq9pb6ccjm778smo0tddk 0 153086 842438 2026-05-29T12:56:57Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1297110988|Sharbatly building]]" 842438 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sharbatly gini''' ( Arabic ) gini ne a Zamalek, [[Kairo|Alkahira]], Masar. An gina shi a shekarun 1940, kuma an san shi da ɗaukar taurarin Masar da dama, wanda hakan ya sa aka san ginin da "gini na Shahararru". Ginin ya fuskanci mummunan tasiri sakamakon gina tashar Safaa Hegazy ta tsarin metro na Alkahira a shekarar 2020. Ginin yana da sassa biyu. Sashe na farko yana kan titin 17 na Brazil kuma ya ƙunshi benaye goma sha biyu da ɗakunan kwana 37, yayin da na biyu yana kan titin Aziz Abaza kuma ya ƙunshi benaye goma sha ɗaya da ɗakunan kwana 33. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2020, an zauna a cikin gidaje goma sha shida a sashe na farko da kuma gidaje 28 a sashe na biyu, sauran kuma an bar su. A ranar 26 ga Yuli 2020, wani ɓangare na ginin ya karkata saboda wurin da aka gina layin jirgin ƙasa na Cairo Metro Line 3 zuwa Giza, wanda ya haifar da ƙaura daga ginin da kansa. Sakamakon haka, an kwashe mazauna ginin, kuma an biya su LE30,000 don masauki na ɗan lokaci na tsawon wata guda. Tsagewar ginin ta kuma shafi ofishin jakadancin Bahrain da ke kusa. Daga baya an gyara ginin cikin ƙasa da watanni biyu kuma yanzu an bar mazauna su sake shiga. == Fitattun mazauna == * [[Mahmud el-Meliguy|Mahmoud el-Meliguy]], marubucin fina-finai kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo * [[Ezz El-Dine Zulficar]], darektan fim <ref name=":0" /> * [[Alwiya Gamil]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo <ref name=":0" /> * Soad Hosny, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2020 |title="الشربتلي" عاش فيها سعاد حسني ومحمود المليجي معرضة للانهيار بسبب هبوط أرضي |url=https://www.filfan.com/news/details/120779 |access-date=20 June 2025 |website=filfan.com}}</ref> * [[Nagat El-Sagheera]], mawakiya kuma yar wasan kwaikwayo * [[Kawthar Shafik]], actress <ref name=":2" /> == Manazarta == 02gfwaaw9wbk4mbic7qj6u9wvj3oo1y 842440 842438 2026-05-29T12:57:35Z Engineer014 44591 842440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sharbatly gini''' ( Arabic ) gini ne a Zamalek, [[Kairo|Alkahira]], Masar. An gina shi a shekarun 1940, kuma an san shi da ɗaukar taurarin Masar da dama, wanda hakan ya sa aka san ginin da "gini na Shahararru". Ginin ya fuskanci mummunan tasiri sakamakon gina tashar Safaa Hegazy ta tsarin metro na Alkahira a shekarar 2020. Ginin yana da sassa biyu. Sashe na farko yana kan titin 17 na Brazil kuma ya ƙunshi benaye goma sha biyu da ɗakunan kwana 37, yayin da na biyu yana kan titin Aziz Abaza kuma ya ƙunshi benaye goma sha ɗaya da ɗakunan kwana 33. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2020, an zauna a cikin gidaje goma sha shida a sashe na farko da kuma gidaje 28 a sashe na biyu, sauran kuma an bar su. A ranar 26 ga Yuli 2020, wani ɓangare na ginin ya karkata saboda wurin da aka gina layin jirgin ƙasa na Cairo Metro Line 3 zuwa Giza, wanda ya haifar da ƙaura daga ginin da kansa. Sakamakon haka, an kwashe mazauna ginin, kuma an biya su LE30,000 don masauki na ɗan lokaci na tsawon wata guda. Tsagewar ginin ta kuma shafi ofishin jakadancin Bahrain da ke kusa. Daga baya an gyara ginin cikin ƙasa da watanni biyu kuma yanzu an bar mazauna su sake shiga. == Fitattun mazauna == * [[Mahmud el-Meliguy|Mahmoud el-Meliguy]], marubucin fina-finai kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo * [[Ezz El-Dine Zulficar]], darektan fim <ref name=":0" /> * [[Alwiya Gamil]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo <ref name=":0" /> * Soad Hosny, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2020 |title="الشربتلي" عاش فيها سعاد حسني ومحمود المليجي معرضة للانهيار بسبب هبوط أرضي |url=https://www.filfan.com/news/details/120779 |access-date=20 June 2025 |website=filfan.com}}</ref> * [[Nagat El-Sagheera]], mawakiya kuma yar wasan kwaikwayo * [[Kawthar Shafik]], actress <ref name=":2" /> == Manazarta == gjg9zfwl2k3hnrz8xh6y9qmgmihabmq 0 153087 842441 2026-05-29T13:16:19Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332102318|Qaha]]" 842441 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Qaha''' ( Egyptian Arabic &nbsp;, daga Coptic <span class="gloss-quot">'</span> <span class="gloss-text">ƙasa, ƙasa</span> <span class="gloss-quot">'</span> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Peust |first=Carsten |title=Die Toponyme vorarabischen Ursprungs im modernen Ägypten |url=http://www.peust.de/ortsnamen_original.pdf |page=70}}</ref> ) birni ne a arewa maso gabashin [[Misra|Masar]], yana da 25&nbsp;kilomita (minti 18) a arewacin [[Kairo|Alkahira]] . Tana cikin gonakin da ke da wadata a kudancin yankin Nilu Delta, kuma tana da ban ruwa sosai ta hanyar magudanan ruwa da ke kaiwa ga Delta Barrage. [[Category:Articles containing Coptic-language text]] == Tarihi == Qaha yana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin ƙauyuka, kuma asalin sunansa a lokacin da Musulunci ya ci Masar da yaƙi shine Kahani. An ambaci shi da Qaha a cikin littafin dokokin diwan Asaad ibn Matati daga ayyukan Al-Sharqiya, wanda shine sunan da aka ba shi a cikin dutsen Salahi, wanda Sarkin Ayyubid Al-Nasir Saladdin Sunnah ya jagoranta. 572 AH / 1176 AD, kamar yadda aka ambace shi da sunan Qaha daga ayyukan Qaliubiya a cikin littafin "Babban aikin Sunni a cikin Sunayen Kasashen Masar" na Ibn Al-Jiaan wanda ya kewaye ƙauyukan Masar bayan dutsen Nasserite wanda Sarkin Mamluk Al-Nasir Muhammad bin Qalawun ya jagoranta a 715 AH / 1315 AD. A zamanin Ottoman, sunan wurin yana Tarabya a shekara ta 933 AH / 1527 AD, wanda gwamnan Ottoman Suleiman Pasha Al-Khadem ya jagoranta a zamanin Sarkin Ottoman Suleiman Mai Girma Qaha a cikin ƙauyukan Wilayat Qaliubiya, kuma a shekara ta 1228 AH / 1813 AD, wanda ya ƙidaya ƙauyukan Masar bayan binciken da Muhammad Ali Pasha ya gudanar da sunan Qaha a cikin ƙauyukan gudanarwa na Qalubia. == Bayani == A yau ta shahara saboda masana'antar abinci da aka kiyaye da kuma a matsayin gari na masana'antu da noma. Tana kan hanyar [[jirgin ƙasa]] da ke haskawa arewa daga Alkahira. Yawancin filayen noma da ke gabashin Qaha sun shahara da gonakin 'ya'yan itacen citrus . == Yanayi == [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Tsarin rarraba yanayi na Köppen-Geiger]] ya rarraba yanayinsa a matsayin hamada mai zafi (BWh), <ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{Cite web |title=Climate: Qaha - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table |url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/27950/ |access-date=2014-02-23 |publisher=Climate-Data.org}}</ref> kamar [[Yanayin Masar|sauran Masar]] . == Manazarta == ttv7vj8wnzx4ji6th1ls8chl5yp4wbq 842442 842441 2026-05-29T13:16:48Z Engineer014 44591 842442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Qaha''' ( Egyptian Arabic &nbsp;, daga Coptic <span class="gloss-quot">'</span> <span class="gloss-text">ƙasa, ƙasa</span> <span class="gloss-quot">'</span> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Peust |first=Carsten |title=Die Toponyme vorarabischen Ursprungs im modernen Ägypten |url=http://www.peust.de/ortsnamen_original.pdf |page=70}}</ref> ) birni ne a arewa maso gabashin [[Misra|Masar]], yana da 25&nbsp;kilomita (minti 18) a arewacin [[Kairo|Alkahira]] . Tana cikin gonakin da ke da wadata a kudancin yankin Nilu Delta, kuma tana da ban ruwa sosai ta hanyar magudanan ruwa da ke kaiwa ga Delta Barrage. [[Category:Articles containing Coptic-language text]] == Tarihi == Qaha yana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin ƙauyuka, kuma asalin sunansa a lokacin da Musulunci ya ci Masar da yaƙi shine Kahani. An ambaci shi da Qaha a cikin littafin dokokin diwan Asaad ibn Matati daga ayyukan Al-Sharqiya, wanda shine sunan da aka ba shi a cikin dutsen Salahi, wanda Sarkin Ayyubid Al-Nasir Saladdin Sunnah ya jagoranta. 572 AH / 1176 AD, kamar yadda aka ambace shi da sunan Qaha daga ayyukan Qaliubiya a cikin littafin "Babban aikin Sunni a cikin Sunayen Kasashen Masar" na Ibn Al-Jiaan wanda ya kewaye ƙauyukan Masar bayan dutsen Nasserite wanda Sarkin Mamluk Al-Nasir Muhammad bin Qalawun ya jagoranta a 715 AH / 1315 AD. A zamanin Ottoman, sunan wurin yana Tarabya a shekara ta 933 AH / 1527 AD, wanda gwamnan Ottoman Suleiman Pasha Al-Khadem ya jagoranta a zamanin Sarkin Ottoman Suleiman Mai Girma Qaha a cikin ƙauyukan Wilayat Qaliubiya, kuma a shekara ta 1228 AH / 1813 AD, wanda ya ƙidaya ƙauyukan Masar bayan binciken da Muhammad Ali Pasha ya gudanar da sunan Qaha a cikin ƙauyukan gudanarwa na Qalubia. == Bayani == A yau ta shahara saboda masana'antar abinci da aka kiyaye da kuma a matsayin gari na masana'antu da noma. Tana kan hanyar [[jirgin ƙasa]] da ke haskawa arewa daga Alkahira. Yawancin filayen noma da ke gabashin Qaha sun shahara da gonakin 'ya'yan itacen citrus . == Yanayi == [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Tsarin rarraba yanayi na Köppen-Geiger]] ya rarraba yanayinsa a matsayin hamada mai zafi (BWh), <ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{Cite web |title=Climate: Qaha - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table |url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/27950/ |access-date=2014-02-23 |publisher=Climate-Data.org}}</ref> kamar [[Yanayin Masar|sauran Masar]] . == Manazarta == kmhx2n0gcslec24n5ryj3xx65lnklvh 0 153088 842443 2026-05-29T13:23:42Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354873326|Qasr El Nil Bridge]]" 842443 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Gadar Qasr el Nil''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''''gadar Khedive Ismail''''', Larabcin Masar: '''Asr el Nil Bridge)''', wani gini ne na tarihi na gadar lilo tun daga shekarar 1931 wanda ya maye gurbin gadar farko da ta ratsa [[Nil|Kogin Nil]] a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira, Masar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stephen |first=F W |date=1935-01-01 |title=The new khedive ismail bridge, cairo, egypt. |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/10.1680/imotp.1935.15246 |journal=Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers |volume=240 |issue=1935 |pages=365–393 |doi=10.1680/imotp.1935.15246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Tana haɗa Dandalin Tahrir a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira a gefen gabas na kogin, zuwa ƙarshen kudu na Tsibirin Gezira/Zamalek . A gefen gabas da yamma na gadar akwai manyan mutum-mutumin zaki na tagulla guda huɗu; su ne ayyukan ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 na Henri Alfred Jacquemart, mai sassaka kuma mai kula da dabbobi na Faransa. == Hanya == Titin Qasr El Nil ya ratsa kogin Nil a kan gadar, daga yankin gabashin Tekun Tahrir Square—Fagagen 'Yanci a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira, ya wuce babban ginin gwamnatin Mogamma da hedikwatar kungiyar Larabawa, sannan ya shiga gadar Qasr El Nil a kan kogin zuwa Tsibirin Gezira. A can ya haɗu da Opera Square da Gidan Opera na Alkahira, tare da haɗin gwiwa a arewa da Hasumiyar Alkahira da gundumar Zamalek, da kuma kudu a fadin tsibirin zuwa [[Tahrir Bridge|gadar Tahrir]] a kan ƙaramin reshe na kogin zuwa Titin Tahrir a gundumar Agouza a gefen yamma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Gine-gine da suna == [[Fayil:CH-NB_Photoglob-Wehrli_EAD-WEHR-32043-B.tiff|left|thumb|Gadar Al Gezira (ƙasa dama) a shekarar 1904]] [[Fayil:Straatgezicht_bij_de_Qasr_al-Nil-brug_in_Caïro_Le_Caire,_Pont_de_Kasr-el-Nil,_RP-F-F01148-ET.jpg|left|thumb|Ƙofar gabas zuwa gadar Al-Gezira, kimanin 1895]] [[Fayil:CAIRO._-_The_Kasr-el-Nil_Bridge_opens_(n.d.)_-_front_-_TIMEA.jpg|left|thumb|Gadar El-Gezira ta buɗe, kuma]] Gadar da ta gabata a wurin, Gadar El Gezira, gadar juyawa ce da Linant de Bellefonds ya gina daga 1869 zuwa 1871 tare da haɗin gwiwar Kamfanin Five-Lilles na Faransa. <ref name="mis">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=April 29, 1995 |title=A BRIDGE MISUNDERSTOOD |url=http://www.egy.com/zamalek/95-04-29.php |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=www.egy.com}}</ref> Sarki Fuad na ɗaya ne ya aza harsashin ginin gadar Qasr El Nil ta yanzu a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1931. Haka kuma gadar juyawa ce, kodayake faɗinta kusan ninki biyu ne kamar na asali, kuma bayan fiye da shekaru biyu na ginin, wanda Dorman Long &amp;amp; Co. Ltd ya yi, Sarki Fuad ya buɗe gadar a ranar 6 ga Yuni, 1933. <ref name="mis">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=April 29, 1995 |title=A BRIDGE MISUNDERSTOOD |url=http://www.egy.com/zamalek/95-04-29.php |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=www.egy.com}}</ref> Masu sha'awar anime da yawa sun san gadar a matsayin gadar "Jotaro vs Dio", inda aka yi fafatawa ta ƙarshe ta JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jotaro vs Dio bridge (epic) |url=https://maps.apple.com/place?place-id=I5072731664E96977 |access-date=2026-05-18 |website=maps.apple.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Amfani da jama'a da kuma zanga-zangar == Gadar Qasr El Nil ta shahara wajen yawo da yamma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Juyin Juya Halin Masar na 2011 === Gadar, tare da gadar 6 ga Oktoba da ke kusa, wuri ne da aka saba gani a juyin juya halin Masar na 2011 don zanga-zangar jama'a da kuma babbar hanyar gabas don yin zanga-zanga a Dandalin Tahrir . == Hotunan Hotuna ==   == Manazarta == 6gt077pkrwl4ufz4l4om9bgwnhgzpmb 842444 842443 2026-05-29T13:24:29Z Engineer014 44591 842444 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gadar Qasr el Nil''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''''gadar Khedive Ismail''''', Larabcin Masar: '''Asr el Nil Bridge)''', wani gini ne na tarihi na gadar lilo tun daga shekarar 1931 wanda ya maye gurbin gadar farko da ta ratsa [[Nil|Kogin Nil]] a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira, Masar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stephen |first=F W |date=1935-01-01 |title=The new khedive ismail bridge, cairo, egypt. |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/10.1680/imotp.1935.15246 |journal=Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers |volume=240 |issue=1935 |pages=365–393 |doi=10.1680/imotp.1935.15246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Tana haɗa Dandalin Tahrir a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira a gefen gabas na kogin, zuwa ƙarshen kudu na Tsibirin Gezira/Zamalek . A gefen gabas da yamma na gadar akwai manyan mutum-mutumin zaki na tagulla guda huɗu; su ne ayyukan ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 na Henri Alfred Jacquemart, mai sassaka kuma mai kula da dabbobi na Faransa. == Hanya == Titin Qasr El Nil ya ratsa kogin Nil a kan gadar, daga yankin gabashin Tekun Tahrir Square—Fagagen 'Yanci a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira, ya wuce babban ginin gwamnatin Mogamma da hedikwatar kungiyar Larabawa, sannan ya shiga gadar Qasr El Nil a kan kogin zuwa Tsibirin Gezira. A can ya haɗu da Opera Square da Gidan Opera na Alkahira, tare da haɗin gwiwa a arewa da Hasumiyar Alkahira da gundumar Zamalek, da kuma kudu a fadin tsibirin zuwa [[Tahrir Bridge|gadar Tahrir]] a kan ƙaramin reshe na kogin zuwa Titin Tahrir a gundumar Agouza a gefen yamma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Gine-gine da suna == [[Fayil:CH-NB_Photoglob-Wehrli_EAD-WEHR-32043-B.tiff|left|thumb|Gadar Al Gezira (ƙasa dama) a shekarar 1904]] [[Fayil:Straatgezicht_bij_de_Qasr_al-Nil-brug_in_Caïro_Le_Caire,_Pont_de_Kasr-el-Nil,_RP-F-F01148-ET.jpg|left|thumb|Ƙofar gabas zuwa gadar Al-Gezira, kimanin 1895]] [[Fayil:CAIRO._-_The_Kasr-el-Nil_Bridge_opens_(n.d.)_-_front_-_TIMEA.jpg|left|thumb|Gadar El-Gezira ta buɗe, kuma]] Gadar da ta gabata a wurin, Gadar El Gezira, gadar juyawa ce da Linant de Bellefonds ya gina daga 1869 zuwa 1871 tare da haɗin gwiwar Kamfanin Five-Lilles na Faransa. <ref name="mis">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=April 29, 1995 |title=A BRIDGE MISUNDERSTOOD |url=http://www.egy.com/zamalek/95-04-29.php |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=www.egy.com}}</ref> Sarki Fuad na ɗaya ne ya aza harsashin ginin gadar Qasr El Nil ta yanzu a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1931. Haka kuma gadar juyawa ce, kodayake faɗinta kusan ninki biyu ne kamar na asali, kuma bayan fiye da shekaru biyu na ginin, wanda Dorman Long &amp;amp; Co. Ltd ya yi, Sarki Fuad ya buɗe gadar a ranar 6 ga Yuni, 1933. <ref name="mis">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=April 29, 1995 |title=A BRIDGE MISUNDERSTOOD |url=http://www.egy.com/zamalek/95-04-29.php |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=www.egy.com}}</ref> Masu sha'awar anime da yawa sun san gadar a matsayin gadar "Jotaro vs Dio", inda aka yi fafatawa ta ƙarshe ta JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jotaro vs Dio bridge (epic) |url=https://maps.apple.com/place?place-id=I5072731664E96977 |access-date=2026-05-18 |website=maps.apple.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Amfani da jama'a da kuma zanga-zangar == Gadar Qasr El Nil ta shahara wajen yawo da yamma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Juyin Juya Halin Masar na 2011 === Gadar, tare da gadar 6 ga Oktoba da ke kusa, wuri ne da aka saba gani a juyin juya halin Masar na 2011 don zanga-zangar jama'a da kuma babbar hanyar gabas don yin zanga-zanga a Dandalin Tahrir . == Hotunan Hotuna ==   == Manazarta == 6qfxnghkv4qzk47s2ao2z7w60zh735p 842454 842444 2026-05-29T13:34:00Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354873326|Qasr El Nil Bridge]]" 842454 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gadar Qasr el Nil''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''''gadar Khedive Ismail''''', Larabcin Masar: '''Asr el Nil Bridge)''', wani gini ne na tarihi na gadar lilo tun daga shekarar 1931 wanda ya maye gurbin gadar farko da ta ratsa [[Nil|Kogin Nil]] a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira, Masar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stephen |first=F W |date=1935-01-01 |title=The new khedive ismail bridge, cairo, egypt. |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/10.1680/imotp.1935.15246 |journal=Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers |volume=240 |issue=1935 |pages=365–393 |doi=10.1680/imotp.1935.15246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Tana haɗa Dandalin Tahrir a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira a gefen gabas na kogin, zuwa ƙarshen kudu na Tsibirin Gezira/Zamalek . A gefen gabas da yamma na gadar akwai manyan mutum-mutumin zaki na tagulla guda huɗu; su ne ayyukan ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 na Henri Alfred Jacquemart, mai sassaka kuma mai kula da dabbobi na Faransa. == Hanya == Titin Qasr El Nil ya ratsa kogin Nil a kan gadar, daga yankin gabashin Tekun Tahrir Square—Fagagen 'Yanci a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira, ya wuce babban ginin gwamnatin Mogamma da hedikwatar kungiyar Larabawa, sannan ya shiga gadar Qasr El Nil a kan kogin zuwa Tsibirin Gezira. A can ya haɗu da Opera Square da Gidan Opera na Alkahira, tare da haɗin gwiwa a arewa da Hasumiyar Alkahira da gundumar Zamalek, da kuma kudu a fadin tsibirin zuwa [[Tahrir Bridge|gadar Tahrir]] a kan ƙaramin reshe na kogin zuwa Titin Tahrir a gundumar Agouza a gefen yamma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Gine-gine da suna == [[Fayil:CH-NB_Photoglob-Wehrli_EAD-WEHR-32043-B.tiff|left|thumb|Gadar Al Gezira (ƙasa dama) a shekarar 1904]] [[Fayil:Straatgezicht_bij_de_Qasr_al-Nil-brug_in_Caïro_Le_Caire,_Pont_de_Kasr-el-Nil,_RP-F-F01148-ET.jpg|left|thumb|Ƙofar gabas zuwa gadar Al-Gezira, kimanin 1895]] [[Fayil:CAIRO._-_The_Kasr-el-Nil_Bridge_opens_(n.d.)_-_front_-_TIMEA.jpg|left|thumb|Gadar El-Gezira ta buɗe, kuma]] Gadar da ta gabata a wurin, Gadar El Gezira, gadar juyawa ce da Linant de Bellefonds ya gina daga 1869 zuwa 1871 tare da haɗin gwiwar Kamfanin Five-Lilles na Faransa. <ref name="mis">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=April 29, 1995 |title=A BRIDGE MISUNDERSTOOD |url=http://www.egy.com/zamalek/95-04-29.php |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=www.egy.com}}</ref> Sarki Fuad na ɗaya ne ya aza harsashin ginin gadar Qasr El Nil ta yanzu a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1931. Haka kuma gadar juyawa ce, kodayake faɗinta kusan ninki biyu ne kamar na asali, kuma bayan fiye da shekaru biyu na ginin, wanda Dorman Long &amp;amp; Co. Ltd ya yi, Sarki Fuad ya buɗe gadar a ranar 6 ga Yuni, 1933. <ref name="mis">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=April 29, 1995 |title=A BRIDGE MISUNDERSTOOD |url=http://www.egy.com/zamalek/95-04-29.php |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=www.egy.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRafaat1995">Rafaat, Samir (April 29, 1995). [http://www.egy.com/zamalek/95-04-29.php "A BRIDGE MISUNDERSTOOD"]. ''www.egy.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Asalin sunan gadar an sanya wa gadar suna Khedive Ismail Bridge ne bayan mahaifin Sarki Fuad, Khedive Isma'il Pasha . Bayan [[juyin juya halin Masar na 1952]], an sake sanya wa gadar suna, tare da sauran gine-gine da gadoji na Masar. An sake sanya wa wannan gadar suna ''Qasr El Nil'' a [[Larabci]], wanda ke nufin Fadar Nilu. Masu sha'awar anime da yawa sun san gadar a matsayin gadar "Jotaro vs Dio", inda aka yi fafatawa ta ƙarshe ta JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jotaro vs Dio bridge (epic) |url=https://maps.apple.com/place?place-id=I5072731664E96977 |access-date=2026-05-18 |website=maps.apple.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == s6cqhuusc98byvd98p3q9mff3u8dycu 842455 842454 2026-05-29T13:34:31Z Engineer014 44591 842455 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gadar Qasr el Nil''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''''gadar Khedive Ismail''''', Larabcin Masar: '''Asr el Nil Bridge)''', wani gini ne na tarihi na gadar lilo tun daga shekarar 1931 wanda ya maye gurbin gadar farko da ta ratsa [[Nil|Kogin Nil]] a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira, Masar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stephen |first=F W |date=1935-01-01 |title=The new khedive ismail bridge, cairo, egypt. |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/10.1680/imotp.1935.15246 |journal=Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers |volume=240 |issue=1935 |pages=365–393 |doi=10.1680/imotp.1935.15246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Tana haɗa Dandalin Tahrir a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira a gefen gabas na kogin, zuwa ƙarshen kudu na Tsibirin Gezira/Zamalek . A gefen gabas da yamma na gadar akwai manyan mutum-mutumin zaki na tagulla guda huɗu; su ne ayyukan ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 na Henri Alfred Jacquemart, mai sassaka kuma mai kula da dabbobi na Faransa. == Hanya == Titin Qasr El Nil ya ratsa kogin Nil a kan gadar, daga yankin gabashin Tekun Tahrir Square—Fagagen 'Yanci a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira, ya wuce babban ginin gwamnatin Mogamma da hedikwatar kungiyar Larabawa, sannan ya shiga gadar Qasr El Nil a kan kogin zuwa Tsibirin Gezira. A can ya haɗu da Opera Square da Gidan Opera na Alkahira, tare da haɗin gwiwa a arewa da Hasumiyar Alkahira da gundumar Zamalek, da kuma kudu a fadin tsibirin zuwa [[Tahrir Bridge|gadar Tahrir]] a kan ƙaramin reshe na kogin zuwa Titin Tahrir a gundumar Agouza a gefen yamma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Gine-gine da suna == [[Fayil:CH-NB_Photoglob-Wehrli_EAD-WEHR-32043-B.tiff|left|thumb|Gadar Al Gezira (ƙasa dama) a shekarar 1904]] [[Fayil:Straatgezicht_bij_de_Qasr_al-Nil-brug_in_Caïro_Le_Caire,_Pont_de_Kasr-el-Nil,_RP-F-F01148-ET.jpg|left|thumb|Ƙofar gabas zuwa gadar Al-Gezira, kimanin 1895]] [[Fayil:CAIRO._-_The_Kasr-el-Nil_Bridge_opens_(n.d.)_-_front_-_TIMEA.jpg|left|thumb|Gadar El-Gezira ta buɗe, kuma]] Gadar da ta gabata a wurin, Gadar El Gezira, gadar juyawa ce da Linant de Bellefonds ya gina daga 1869 zuwa 1871 tare da haɗin gwiwar Kamfanin Five-Lilles na Faransa. <ref name="mis">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=April 29, 1995 |title=A BRIDGE MISUNDERSTOOD |url=http://www.egy.com/zamalek/95-04-29.php |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=www.egy.com}}</ref> Sarki Fuad na ɗaya ne ya aza harsashin ginin gadar Qasr El Nil ta yanzu a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1931. Haka kuma gadar juyawa ce, kodayake faɗinta kusan ninki biyu ne kamar na asali, kuma bayan fiye da shekaru biyu na ginin, wanda Dorman Long &amp;amp; Co. Ltd ya yi, Sarki Fuad ya buɗe gadar a ranar 6 ga Yuni, 1933. <ref name="mis">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=April 29, 1995 |title=A BRIDGE MISUNDERSTOOD |url=http://www.egy.com/zamalek/95-04-29.php |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=www.egy.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRafaat1995">Rafaat, Samir (April 29, 1995). [http://www.egy.com/zamalek/95-04-29.php "A BRIDGE MISUNDERSTOOD"]. ''www.egy.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Asalin sunan gadar an sanya wa gadar suna Khedive Ismail Bridge ne bayan mahaifin Sarki Fuad, Khedive Isma'il Pasha . Bayan [[juyin juya halin Masar na 1952]], an sake sanya wa gadar suna, tare da sauran gine-gine da gadoji na Masar. An sake sanya wa wannan gadar suna ''Qasr El Nil'' a [[Larabci]], wanda ke nufin Fadar Nilu. Masu sha'awar anime da yawa sun san gadar a matsayin gadar "Jotaro vs Dio", inda aka yi fafatawa ta ƙarshe ta JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jotaro vs Dio bridge (epic) |url=https://maps.apple.com/place?place-id=I5072731664E96977 |access-date=2026-05-18 |website=maps.apple.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == ol6vgwndssn77jo8m275dpaj9fjlrrv 0 153089 842445 2026-05-29T13:24:40Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333809603|Ronnie Mutimusekwa]]" 842445 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ronnie Mutimusakwa''' (1955-1992) shi ne mai fafutukar [[Kanjamau|Cutar kanjamau]] na farko a [[Zimbabwe]], [[Afirka]]. Ronnie Mutimusakwa (sunan haihuwa Rogers Mutimuskwa) ɗan ƙasar Zimbabwe ne wanda ya zama babban labari na duniya a shekarar 1989 lokacin da ya bayyana a fili cewa shi, mutumin da ke jima'i da jima'i, an gano shi da cutar [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]]. Manufarsa ita ce ta karya haramtacciyar cutar kanjamau, tana fatan zai karfafa wasu kamar shi, da kuma taimakawa a kokarin rigakafin. A lokacin an yi la'akari da cewa HIV / AIDS ƙaramin batu ne a Zimbabwe, an tsare shi ga maza masu luwadi da mata masu karuwanci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Africans are Main Victims of the Global Spread of AIDS |url=https://apnews.com/4416af50cc0dd0a4449d226fb496e049 |website=www.apnewsarchive.com}}</ref> == Ilimi == Mutimusakwa ya yi aiki ba tare da gajiyawa ba don inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da cutar, yana ba da labarinsa a makarantu, majami'u da wuraren giya. Ya kafa ƙungiyar tallafi ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar kanjamau, wanda ake kira Ihawu (Shield), wanda shi ne shugaban.[1] Ihawu ta shirya tarurruka a wuraren shakatawa da masana'antu inda membobin suka yi ƙoƙari su ilimantar da jama'a.[2] Mutimusakwa ya sami wasu kudade daga UNESCO da Majalisar Cutar AIDS ta Matabeleland don kafa ofis a Bulawayo inda ya taimaka wajen bunkasa hanyoyin ilimi don rigakafin cutar kanjamau a yankunan karkara, kamar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na al'umma. An kuma haɗa labarin Mutimusakwa a cikin kayan koyarwa a ƙasashen waje.[3] Kusan dukkanin yara a Zimbabwe a halin yanzu ana koyar da su game da cutar kanjamau da cutar kansar a makarantu. == Canjin Halin == Tallafin da ke kewaye da ikirarin Mutimusakwa ya haifar da jerin canje-canje a cikin halin da ake ciki game da cutar kanjamau / AIDS a Zimbabwe, tare da nadin Dokta Timothy Stamps a matsayin minista, wanda ya karɓi nauyin kiwon lafiya a cikin 1990, da kuma labarin dan mataimakin shugaban [[Joshua Nkomo|Nkomo]] Ernest Thuthani ya mutu daga cutar a cikin 1996.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Matambanadzo, Isabella (July 19, 1996). "ZIMBABWE-HEALTH: Breaking The Silence On AIDS". Inter Press Service. |url=http://ipsnews2.wpengine.com/1996/07/zimbabwe-health-breaking-the-silence-on-aids/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112094635/http://ipsnews2.wpengine.com/1996/07/zimbabwe-health-breaking-the-silence-on-aids/ |archive-date=November 12, 2013 |access-date=April 8, 2013 |publisher=}}</ref> Yaduwar cutar ta kai kololuwa a shekarar 1997 lokacin da aka kiyasta fiye da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na yawan jama'a sun kamu da cutar, bayan haka wannan adadi ya ragu zuwa kusan 13% a shekarar 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 2015 |title=HIV and AIDS in Zimbabwe |url=https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/sub-saharan-africa/zimbabwe}}</ref> == Wurin hutawa na Ƙarshe == Ronnie Mutimusakwa ya mutu a ranar 13 ga Yuli 1992 a Njube, wani gari na Bulawayo, kuma an binne shi a ƙauyen Mutimuskwa a yankin Mhondoro . == Sauran sanannun masu fafutukar cutar kanjamau a Zimbabwe == * '''Auxillia Chimusoro''' (1956-1998): Mace ta farko da ta sanar da cewa tana da cutar kanjamau, kuma a shekarar 1989.<ref>UNAIDS (2004).2004 report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic : 4th global report, p. 183. {{ISBN|92 9173 355 5}}</ref> Chimusoro ta shiga cikin gwagwarmayar yaki da cutar kanjamau a shekarar 1992 lokacin da ta kafa kungiyoyin tallafi na Batanai da ZNNP + . <ref>{{Cite web |title="The Journey of Auxilia Chimusoro and BHASO". Website of Batanai Hiv & Aids Service Organisation (2013) |url=http://www.bhaso.org/about-us.php |publisher=}}</ref> An ba da lambar yabo ta shekara-shekara ta Hukumar Kula da Ci Gaban Duniya ta Amurka ([[Hukumar Kula da Ci Gaban Kasa da Kasa ta Amurka|USAID]]) bayan ta. * '''Eliot Magunje''' (1965-2003): Dan wasan kwaikwayo na Zimbabwe wanda [[CNN]] ta bayyana matsayin cutar kanjamau ba zato ba tsammani a Zimbabwe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CNN - Zimbabwe grapples with AIDS epidemic - Feb. 8, 1996 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9602/aids_zimbabwe/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074245/http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9602/aids_zimbabwe/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |website=CNN}}</ref> Magunje ya yanke shawarar yin mafi kyawun halin da ake ciki kuma ya zama jami'in bayanai, ilimi da sadarwa na Cibiyar, ɗaya daga cikin manyan kungiyoyin sabis na cutar kanjamau na Zimbabwe. * '''Frenk Guni''': Guni tsohon mai kula da ZNNP+ ne kuma tsohon memba ne na kwamitin zartarwa na Majalisar AIDS ta Zimbabwe, yana zaune a ƙarƙashin mafaka ta siyasa a Amurka tun shekara ta 2003. <ref>"AIDS, Politics and NGOs in Zimbabwe" by Jake Batsell, in: Patterson, Amy (2005), "The African State And The AIDS Crisis", Burlington USA, p. 68. {{ISBN|0 7546 3967 3}}</ref> A wannan shekarar ya sami lambar yabo ta Jonathan Mann don Lafiya da 'Yancin Dan Adam.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 October 2009 |title=Two Africans Honored for Their Fight Against HIV/AIDS - 2003-05-29 |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2003-05-29-46-two/289989.html}}</ref> * '''Sunanda Ray''': Sunanda Ray likita ce ta Burtaniya wacce ta kafa Cibiyar Taimako ta Mata (WASN) a watan Nuwamba 1989. Dokta Ray ya taimaka wajen samar da kungiyoyin tallafin cutar kanjamau da yawa ga mata, a cikin ilimi kan hanyoyin rigakafin cutar kansar cuta da kuma kimanta manyan abubuwan haɗari daga ra'ayi na kimiyya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2020 |title=ABOUT US Reproductive Health Matters (RHM) |url=http://www.rhmjournal.org.uk/publications/...acceptability/097_Ray.pdf |website=Reproductive Health Matters (RHM)}}</ref> Dokta Ray ya kafa wasu kungiyoyi da yawa wadanda SAfAIDS ta lashe kyautar Auxillia Chimusoro a shekara ta 2002. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] p8nju5fztuzqgc3e5mo97lr9nid62no 842447 842445 2026-05-29T13:26:29Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 842447 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ronnie Mutimusakwa''' (1955-1992) shi ne mai fafutukar [[Kanjamau|Cutar kanjamau]] na farko a [[Zimbabwe]], [[Afirka]]. Ronnie Mutimusakwa (sunan haihuwa Rogers Mutimuskwa) ɗan ƙasar Zimbabwe ne wanda ya zama babban labari na duniya a shekarar 1989 lokacin da ya bayyana a fili cewa shi, mutumin da ke jima'i da jima'i, an gano shi da cutar [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]]. Manufarsa ita ce ta karya haramtacciyar cutar kanjamau, tana fatan zai karfafa wasu kamar shi, da kuma taimakawa a kokarin rigakafin. A lokacin an yi la'akari da cewa HIV / AIDS ƙaramin batu ne a Zimbabwe, an tsare shi ga maza masu luwadi da mata masu karuwanci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Africans are Main Victims of the Global Spread of AIDS |url=https://apnews.com/4416af50cc0dd0a4449d226fb496e049 |website=www.apnewsarchive.com}}</ref> == Ilimi == Mutimusakwa ya yi aiki ba tare da gajiyawa ba don inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da cutar, yana ba da labarinsa a makarantu, majami'u da wuraren giya. Ya kafa ƙungiyar tallafi ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar kanjamau, wanda ake kira Ihawu (Shield), wanda shi ne shugaban.[1] Ihawu ta shirya tarurruka a wuraren shakatawa da masana'antu inda membobin suka yi ƙoƙari su ilimantar da jama'a.[2] Mutimusakwa ya sami wasu kudade daga UNESCO da Majalisar Cutar AIDS ta Matabeleland don kafa ofis a Bulawayo inda ya taimaka wajen bunkasa hanyoyin ilimi don rigakafin cutar kanjamau a yankunan karkara, kamar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na al'umma. An kuma haɗa labarin Mutimusakwa a cikin kayan koyarwa a ƙasashen waje.[3] Kusan dukkanin yara a Zimbabwe a halin yanzu ana koyar da su game da cutar kanjamau da cutar kansar a makarantu. == Canjin Halin == Tallafin da ke kewaye da ikirarin Mutimusakwa ya haifar da jerin canje-canje a cikin halin da ake ciki game da cutar kanjamau / AIDS a Zimbabwe, tare da nadin Dokta Timothy Stamps a matsayin minista, wanda ya karɓi nauyin kiwon lafiya a cikin 1990, da kuma labarin dan mataimakin shugaban [[Joshua Nkomo|Nkomo]] Ernest Thuthani ya mutu daga cutar a cikin 1996.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Matambanadzo, Isabella (July 19, 1996). "ZIMBABWE-HEALTH: Breaking The Silence On AIDS". Inter Press Service. |url=http://ipsnews2.wpengine.com/1996/07/zimbabwe-health-breaking-the-silence-on-aids/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112094635/http://ipsnews2.wpengine.com/1996/07/zimbabwe-health-breaking-the-silence-on-aids/ |archive-date=November 12, 2013 |access-date=April 8, 2013 |publisher=}}</ref> Yaduwar cutar ta kai kololuwa a shekarar 1997 lokacin da aka kiyasta fiye da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na yawan jama'a sun kamu da cutar, bayan haka wannan adadi ya ragu zuwa kusan 13% a shekarar 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 2015 |title=HIV and AIDS in Zimbabwe |url=https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/sub-saharan-africa/zimbabwe}}</ref> == Wurin hutawa na Ƙarshe == Ronnie Mutimusakwa ya mutu a ranar 13 ga Yuli 1992 a Njube, wani gari na Bulawayo, kuma an binne shi a ƙauyen Mutimuskwa a yankin Mhondoro . == Sauran sanannun masu fafutukar cutar kanjamau a Zimbabwe == * '''Auxillia Chimusoro''' (1956-1998): Mace ta farko da ta sanar da cewa tana da cutar kanjamau, kuma a shekarar 1989.<ref>UNAIDS (2004).2004 report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic : 4th global report, p. 183. {{ISBN|92 9173 355 5}}</ref> Chimusoro ta shiga cikin gwagwarmayar yaki da cutar kanjamau a shekarar 1992 lokacin da ta kafa kungiyoyin tallafi na Batanai da ZNNP + . <ref>{{Cite web |title="The Journey of Auxilia Chimusoro and BHASO". Website of Batanai Hiv & Aids Service Organisation (2013) |url=http://www.bhaso.org/about-us.php |publisher=}}</ref> An ba da lambar yabo ta shekara-shekara ta Hukumar Kula da Ci Gaban Duniya ta Amurka ([[Hukumar Kula da Ci Gaban Kasa da Kasa ta Amurka|USAID]]) bayan ta. * '''Eliot Magunje''' (1965-2003): Dan wasan kwaikwayo na Zimbabwe wanda [[CNN]] ta bayyana matsayin cutar kanjamau ba zato ba tsammani a Zimbabwe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CNN - Zimbabwe grapples with AIDS epidemic - Feb. 8, 1996 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9602/aids_zimbabwe/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074245/http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9602/aids_zimbabwe/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |website=CNN}}</ref> Magunje ya yanke shawarar yin mafi kyawun halin da ake ciki kuma ya zama jami'in bayanai, ilimi da sadarwa na Cibiyar, ɗaya daga cikin manyan kungiyoyin sabis na cutar kanjamau na Zimbabwe. * '''Frenk Guni''': Guni tsohon mai kula da ZNNP+ ne kuma tsohon memba ne na kwamitin zartarwa na Majalisar AIDS ta Zimbabwe, yana zaune a ƙarƙashin mafaka ta siyasa a Amurka tun shekara ta 2003. <ref>"AIDS, Politics and NGOs in Zimbabwe" by Jake Batsell, in: Patterson, Amy (2005), "The African State And The AIDS Crisis", Burlington USA, p. 68. {{ISBN|0 7546 3967 3}}</ref> A wannan shekarar ya sami lambar yabo ta Jonathan Mann don Lafiya da 'Yancin Dan Adam.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 October 2009 |title=Two Africans Honored for Their Fight Against HIV/AIDS - 2003-05-29 |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2003-05-29-46-two/289989.html}}</ref> * '''Sunanda Ray''': Sunanda Ray likita ce ta Burtaniya wacce ta kafa Cibiyar Taimako ta Mata (WASN) a watan Nuwamba 1989. Dokta Ray ya taimaka wajen samar da kungiyoyin tallafin cutar kanjamau da yawa ga mata, a cikin ilimi kan hanyoyin rigakafin cutar kansar cuta da kuma kimanta manyan abubuwan haɗari daga ra'ayi na kimiyya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2020 |title=ABOUT US Reproductive Health Matters (RHM) |url=http://www.rhmjournal.org.uk/publications/...acceptability/097_Ray.pdf |website=Reproductive Health Matters (RHM)}}</ref> Dokta Ray ya kafa wasu kungiyoyi da yawa wadanda SAfAIDS ta lashe kyautar Auxillia Chimusoro a shekara ta 2002. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] drxw7h3h74zrx9ox1ajtg11kae0j51v 0 153090 842448 2026-05-29T13:28:32Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1255526641|Gezirah Palace]]" 842448 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fadar Gezirah''' ( Arabic ) yana ɗaya daga cikin gidajen sarauta na Masar na Daular Muhammad Ali . Tana cikin gundumar Zamalek a Tsibirin Gezira a cikin Kogin [[Nil|Nilu]], yamma da tsakiyar birnin Alkahira . == Tarihi == Khedive Ismail ne ya ba da umarnin a gina Fadar Gezirah, wadda aka tsara a kusan shekarar 1868, domin karɓar bakuncin manyan baki na ƙasashen duniya da suka ziyarce ta a lokacin buɗe [[Suez canal|magudanar ruwa ta Suez]] a shekarar 1869. A bikin buɗe fadar, baƙi sun ga wasan opera na Giuseppe Verdi ''Aida'', wanda aka ba da umarnin buɗe magudanar ruwa ta Suez. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=McSweeney |first=Anna |date=2015 |title=Versions and Visions of the Alhambra in the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman World |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/683080 |journal=West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=44–69 |doi=10.1086/683080 |issn=2153-5531 |jstor=10.1086/683080 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Ismail Pasha ya fada cikin bashi kuma ya sayar da Fadar shekaru goma bayan gina ta ga Michel Lutfallah wanda ya mayar da ita gidansa na kansa. A wannan lokacin an san fadar da Fadar Lutfallah. <ref name=":0" /> A lokacin da [[Tarihin Masar a ƙarƙashin Burtaniya|aka yi wa Turawan Burtaniya kariya]], an sayar da fadar ga Paul Draneht da Kwamanda Oblieght a shekarar 1889, kuma Compagnie Internationale des Grands Hotels suka mayar da ita Otal ɗin Ghezireh Palace a watan Oktoban 1894. A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya,]] an mayar da ita a matsayin Asibitin Babban Asibiti na 2 na Australiya, bayan da Gidan Mena ya kasa jure wa yawan waɗanda suka mutu sakamakon Yaƙin Gallipoli . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Gine-gine == Fadar Gezira wani gini ne na zamani wanda aka yi da salon [[alhambresque]] wanda ake amfani da shi don ado a cikin gida, fuskar baranda, da kuma babban rumfar lambu. <ref name=":1" /> Lambunan da aka yi wa ado da kyau da ke kewaye da fadar sun haɗa da gidan namun daji. <ref name=":1" /> An ba da umarnin gina gine-ginen Turai masu suna don aikin: {{Interlanguage link|Julius Franz|de|Julius Franz (Architekt)}} na Jamus ya tsara fadar, Owen Jones na Birtaniya ya tsara cikin gidan, Carl von Diebitsch na Prussia kuma ya tsara baranda da rumfar lambu. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=McSweeney |first=Anna |date=2015 |title=Versions and Visions of the Alhambra in the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman World |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/683080 |journal=West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=44–69 |doi=10.1086/683080 |issn=2153-5531 |jstor=10.1086/683080 |hdl-access=free}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMcSweeney2015">McSweeney, Anna (2015). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/683080 "Versions and Visions of the Alhambra in the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman World"]. ''West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture''. '''22''' (1): <span class="nowrap">44–</span>69. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1086/683080|10.1086/683080]]. [[Hdl (identifier)|hdl]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[hdl:2262/108262|2262/108262]]</span>. [[ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2153-5531 2153-5531]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/683080 10.1086/683080].</cite></ref> == Na yanzu == Fadar Gezirah a halin yanzu ita ce tsakiyar ginin Otal ɗin Marriott na Cairo, tsakanin hasumiyoyin otal ɗin guda biyu, a Tsibirin Gezira a arewacin gadar 6 ga Oktoba . == Hotunan Hotuna == <gallery> Fayil:Draneht_Pasha.jpg| Draneht Pasha Fayil:Pavilion_du_Gezirah_Palace_Hôtel.png|alt=Pavilion du Gezirah Palace Hôtel| Pavilion du Gezirah Palace Hotel Fayil:Palais_de_Gézyret,_Pavillon_Exterieur_MET_DP109561.jpg|alt=The alhambresque exterior pavilion designed by Carl Von Diebitsch.| Ɓangaren waje na alhambresque wanda Carl Von Diebitsch ya tsara. </gallery> == Manazarta == pn9x3vzv6bz2igbi85scajk0e71krdy 842449 842448 2026-05-29T13:29:12Z Engineer014 44591 842449 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fadar Gezirah''' ( Arabic ) yana ɗaya daga cikin gidajen sarauta na Masar na Daular Muhammad Ali . Tana cikin gundumar Zamalek a Tsibirin Gezira a cikin Kogin [[Nil|Nilu]], yamma da tsakiyar birnin Alkahira . == Tarihi == Khedive Ismail ne ya ba da umarnin a gina Fadar Gezirah, wadda aka tsara a kusan shekarar 1868, domin karɓar bakuncin manyan baki na ƙasashen duniya da suka ziyarce ta a lokacin buɗe [[Suez canal|magudanar ruwa ta Suez]] a shekarar 1869. A bikin buɗe fadar, baƙi sun ga wasan opera na Giuseppe Verdi ''Aida'', wanda aka ba da umarnin buɗe magudanar ruwa ta Suez. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=McSweeney |first=Anna |date=2015 |title=Versions and Visions of the Alhambra in the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman World |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/683080 |journal=West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=44–69 |doi=10.1086/683080 |issn=2153-5531 |jstor=10.1086/683080 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Ismail Pasha ya fada cikin bashi kuma ya sayar da Fadar shekaru goma bayan gina ta ga Michel Lutfallah wanda ya mayar da ita gidansa na kansa. A wannan lokacin an san fadar da Fadar Lutfallah. <ref name=":0" /> A lokacin da [[Tarihin Masar a ƙarƙashin Burtaniya|aka yi wa Turawan Burtaniya kariya]], an sayar da fadar ga Paul Draneht da Kwamanda Oblieght a shekarar 1889, kuma Compagnie Internationale des Grands Hotels suka mayar da ita Otal ɗin Ghezireh Palace a watan Oktoban 1894. A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya,]] an mayar da ita a matsayin Asibitin Babban Asibiti na 2 na Australiya, bayan da Gidan Mena ya kasa jure wa yawan waɗanda suka mutu sakamakon Yaƙin Gallipoli . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Gine-gine == Fadar Gezira wani gini ne na zamani wanda aka yi da salon [[alhambresque]] wanda ake amfani da shi don ado a cikin gida, fuskar baranda, da kuma babban rumfar lambu. <ref name=":1" /> Lambunan da aka yi wa ado da kyau da ke kewaye da fadar sun haɗa da gidan namun daji. <ref name=":1" /> An ba da umarnin gina gine-ginen Turai masu suna don aikin: {{Interlanguage link|Julius Franz|de|Julius Franz (Architekt)}} na Jamus ya tsara fadar, Owen Jones na Birtaniya ya tsara cikin gidan, Carl von Diebitsch na Prussia kuma ya tsara baranda da rumfar lambu. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=McSweeney |first=Anna |date=2015 |title=Versions and Visions of the Alhambra in the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman World |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/683080 |journal=West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=44–69 |doi=10.1086/683080 |issn=2153-5531 |jstor=10.1086/683080 |hdl-access=free}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMcSweeney2015">McSweeney, Anna (2015). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/683080 "Versions and Visions of the Alhambra in the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman World"]. ''West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture''. '''22''' (1): <span class="nowrap">44–</span>69. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1086/683080|10.1086/683080]]. [[Hdl (identifier)|hdl]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[hdl:2262/108262|2262/108262]]</span>. [[ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2153-5531 2153-5531]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/683080 10.1086/683080].</cite></ref> == Na yanzu == Fadar Gezirah a halin yanzu ita ce tsakiyar ginin Otal ɗin Marriott na Cairo, tsakanin hasumiyoyin otal ɗin guda biyu, a Tsibirin Gezira a arewacin gadar 6 ga Oktoba . == Hotunan Hotuna == <gallery> Fayil:Draneht_Pasha.jpg| Draneht Pasha Fayil:Pavilion_du_Gezirah_Palace_Hôtel.png|alt=Pavilion du Gezirah Palace Hôtel| Pavilion du Gezirah Palace Hotel Fayil:Palais_de_Gézyret,_Pavillon_Exterieur_MET_DP109561.jpg|alt=The alhambresque exterior pavilion designed by Carl Von Diebitsch.| Ɓangaren waje na alhambresque wanda Carl Von Diebitsch ya tsara. </gallery> == Manazarta == 96groi54964fgcowsc67vdjggc194es 0 153091 842450 2026-05-29T13:30:56Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334246580|El Sawy Culture Wheel]]" 842450 wikitext text/x-wiki '''El Sawy Culture Wheel''' ( Egyptian Arabic , mai fassara : Sakkiat Al-Sawy) cibiyar al'adu ce a Tsibirin Gezira a gundumar Zamalek a tsakiyar [[Kairo|birnin Alkahira]], [[Misra|Masar]] . An sanya mata suna bayan wanda ya kafa ta kuma mamallakinta, Abdelmoniem El-Sawy, ana ɗaukarta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin muhimman wuraren al'adu a Masar <ref name="cnn">{{Cite web |date=2009-03-17 |title=El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt: From a place for beggars to a resort for intellectuals |url=http://arabic.cnn.com/2009/entertainment/2/26/sawi.culture/index.html |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[CNN]] |language=ar}}</ref> kuma tana karɓar baƙi sama da 20,000 kowane wata. <ref name="jazeera">{{Cite web |date=2008-01-07 |title=El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt chooses minds as a focus for its 2008 activities |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/News/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1080109 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]] |language=ar}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa El Sawy Culture Wheel a shekara ta 2003 ta hannun [[Mohammed El-Sawy|Mohamed El-Sawy]] . Kafin gina shi, wurin da yake, a ƙarƙashin gadar 15 ga Mayu a Zamalek, wurin mafaka ne ga marasa gidaje da waɗanda ke fama da jaraba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-09-25 |title=Many reasons for one visit |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2008/916/sc1.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216164003/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2008/916/sc1.htm |archive-date=2008-12-16 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Ahram Weekly]]}}</ref> El-Sawy ya sanya wa cibiyarsa suna don girmama jerin littattafai masu sassa biyar: "El-Sakkia" (wanda aka haskaka a cikin lit. ' ) wanda mahaifinsa, {{Interlanguage link|Abdel Moneim El-Sawy|ar|عبد المنعم الصاوي}} ya rubuta., wani marubuci ɗan [[Misra|ƙasar Masar]] kuma tsohon ministan al'adu . <ref name="ET">{{Cite web |date=October 2004 |title=Inventing the Wheel |url=http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118134623/http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 |archive-date=2008-01-18 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Egypt Today]]}}</ref> == Wurare da zaure == [[Fayil:Saqyat_Al-Sawy.JPG|thumb|Ƙofar shiga ta 2]] Tun daga watan Afrilun 2009, El Sawy Culture Wheel tana da rassa 3: babban reshe a Zamalek, reshe a makarantar Algeel Algadeed, da kuma reshe na wucin gadi a Qena . Babban reshe yana da dakunan taro takwas: zauren Wisdom, zauren kogi, zauren duniya, zauren Word 1 da 2, zauren lambu, El Naseeb da Bostan El Nil. <ref>{{Cite web |title=From the Culturewheel website |url=http://en.culturewheel.com/sections/venus/zamalek-branch |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090331200115/http://en.culturewheel.com/sections/venus/zamalek-branch |archive-date=2009-03-31 |access-date=2009-04-01}}</ref> An shirya bude wurin zama na dindindin a Qena a watan Ramadan, 2009. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-04-01 |title=Cornerstone for El Sawy culturewheel in Qena laid |url=http://www.elbadeel.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50704&Itemid=100 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924045215/http://www.elbadeel.net/index.php?option=com_content |archive-date=September 24, 2009 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=Al-badeel Newspaper |language=ar}}</ref> == Ayyuka == [[Fayil:CairoJazzConcert.jpg|thumb|Wakokin Jazz na Alkahira]] Cibiyar gida ce ga ayyuka daban-daban da al'adu. Kowace shekara, tana zaɓar babban jigon ga yawancin abubuwan da ta gudanar, jigon 2009 shine "mutunci", wanda ta hanyarsa ne aka yi nufin magance wasu matsalolin zamantakewa, kamar roƙo . <ref name="cnn">{{Cite web |date=2009-03-17 |title=El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt: From a place for beggars to a resort for intellectuals |url=http://arabic.cnn.com/2009/entertainment/2/26/sawi.culture/index.html |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[CNN]] |language=ar}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[http://arabic.cnn.com/2009/entertainment/2/26/sawi.culture/index.html "El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt: From a place for beggars to a resort for intellectuals"] (in Arabic). [[CNN]]. 2009-03-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-04-01</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Arabic-language sources (ar)]]</ref> Cibiyar ta shirya ɗaruruwan wasannin kade-kade da waƙoƙi, ciki har da na Oud, jazz, wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa, waƙar yara da kuma wasan kwaikwayo ga ƙungiyoyin mawaƙa na Masar da Larabawa da dama, mawaƙa da masu nishadantarwa. <ref name="cnn" /> Tana kuma ɗaukar nauyin tarurrukan karawa juna sani da dama, [[Taro na Bita|tarurrukan bita]], nune-nunen fasaha, baje kolin littattafai da nunin fina-finai. <ref name="cnn" /> Ana zargin cewa cibiyar al'adu ce mai zaman kanta wacce ba ta gwamnati ba ce ke kula da ita kuma ana ikirarin cewa abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikinta suna da 'yanci da inganci fiye da waɗanda ke cikin cibiyoyin da gwamnati ke kula da su. Duk da haka, 'yan majalisar dokoki ne ke da su. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-04 |title=Popularizing Art and Culture: An Egyptian experience |url=http://www.islamonline.net/English/ArtCulture/MovieTheater/2006/09/01.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070318131757/http://www.islamonline.net/English/ArtCulture/MovieTheater/2006/09/01.shtml |archive-date=2007-03-18 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[islamOnline]]}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, tana shirya tarurruka da bukukuwa da dama, ciki har da bikin wasan kwaikwayo na shekara-shekara, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-08-12 |title=23 independent theatre groups in El Sawy culturewheel festival in Cairo |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/news/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1096228 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]] |language=ar}}</ref> "bikin fina-finai mai rai na Sakkia", <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-12-24 |title=83 movies in Sakkia's first animated film festival in Cairo |url=http://www.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/1354D221-799E-42B4-BA42-0E1B4AC54AE0.htm?wbc_purpose=%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]] |language=ar}}</ref> bikin El Sawy na al'ada don [[Documentary film|shirye-shiryen fina-finai]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-07-20 |title=Presenting El Sawy culturewheel documentary film festival awards |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/News/archive/archive?ArchiveId=333150 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]] |language=ar}}</ref> da kuma taron El Sakkia don [[Larabci|harshen Larabci]] da Mawaki Ahmed Shawqi. Sawy ya ƙunshi sassa da dama don horar da fasaha da kiɗa da kuma ɗakunan karatu da dama, ciki har da ɗakin karatu na kiɗa da ɗakin karatu na yara. <ref name="jazeera">{{Cite web |date=2008-01-07 |title=El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt chooses minds as a focus for its 2008 activities |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/News/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1080109 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]] |language=ar}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.aljazeera.net/News/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1080109 "El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt chooses minds as a focus for its 2008 activities"] (in Arabic). [[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]]. 2008-01-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-04-01</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Arabic-language sources (ar)]]</ref> kuma yana ba da azuzuwan fasaha da dama a fannin zane, sassaka, piano da goge ga yara da matasa. <ref name="ET">{{Cite web |date=October 2004 |title=Inventing the Wheel |url=http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118134623/http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 |archive-date=2008-01-18 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Egypt Today]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080118134623/http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 "Inventing the Wheel"]. [[Egypt Today]]. October 2004. Archived from [http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 the original] on 2008-01-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-04-01</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == 17nafz1qwwszvf0de4nqht002md93vh 842451 842450 2026-05-29T13:31:24Z Engineer014 44591 842451 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''El Sawy Culture Wheel''' ( Egyptian Arabic , mai fassara : Sakkiat Al-Sawy) cibiyar al'adu ce a Tsibirin Gezira a gundumar Zamalek a tsakiyar [[Kairo|birnin Alkahira]], [[Misra|Masar]] . An sanya mata suna bayan wanda ya kafa ta kuma mamallakinta, Abdelmoniem El-Sawy, ana ɗaukarta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin muhimman wuraren al'adu a Masar <ref name="cnn">{{Cite web |date=2009-03-17 |title=El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt: From a place for beggars to a resort for intellectuals |url=http://arabic.cnn.com/2009/entertainment/2/26/sawi.culture/index.html |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[CNN]] |language=ar}}</ref> kuma tana karɓar baƙi sama da 20,000 kowane wata. <ref name="jazeera">{{Cite web |date=2008-01-07 |title=El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt chooses minds as a focus for its 2008 activities |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/News/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1080109 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]] |language=ar}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa El Sawy Culture Wheel a shekara ta 2003 ta hannun [[Mohammed El-Sawy|Mohamed El-Sawy]] . Kafin gina shi, wurin da yake, a ƙarƙashin gadar 15 ga Mayu a Zamalek, wurin mafaka ne ga marasa gidaje da waɗanda ke fama da jaraba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-09-25 |title=Many reasons for one visit |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2008/916/sc1.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216164003/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2008/916/sc1.htm |archive-date=2008-12-16 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Ahram Weekly]]}}</ref> El-Sawy ya sanya wa cibiyarsa suna don girmama jerin littattafai masu sassa biyar: "El-Sakkia" (wanda aka haskaka a cikin lit. ' ) wanda mahaifinsa, {{Interlanguage link|Abdel Moneim El-Sawy|ar|عبد المنعم الصاوي}} ya rubuta., wani marubuci ɗan [[Misra|ƙasar Masar]] kuma tsohon ministan al'adu . <ref name="ET">{{Cite web |date=October 2004 |title=Inventing the Wheel |url=http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118134623/http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 |archive-date=2008-01-18 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Egypt Today]]}}</ref> == Wurare da zaure == [[Fayil:Saqyat_Al-Sawy.JPG|thumb|Ƙofar shiga ta 2]] Tun daga watan Afrilun 2009, El Sawy Culture Wheel tana da rassa 3: babban reshe a Zamalek, reshe a makarantar Algeel Algadeed, da kuma reshe na wucin gadi a Qena . Babban reshe yana da dakunan taro takwas: zauren Wisdom, zauren kogi, zauren duniya, zauren Word 1 da 2, zauren lambu, El Naseeb da Bostan El Nil. <ref>{{Cite web |title=From the Culturewheel website |url=http://en.culturewheel.com/sections/venus/zamalek-branch |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090331200115/http://en.culturewheel.com/sections/venus/zamalek-branch |archive-date=2009-03-31 |access-date=2009-04-01}}</ref> An shirya bude wurin zama na dindindin a Qena a watan Ramadan, 2009. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-04-01 |title=Cornerstone for El Sawy culturewheel in Qena laid |url=http://www.elbadeel.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50704&Itemid=100 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924045215/http://www.elbadeel.net/index.php?option=com_content |archive-date=September 24, 2009 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=Al-badeel Newspaper |language=ar}}</ref> == Ayyuka == [[Fayil:CairoJazzConcert.jpg|thumb|Wakokin Jazz na Alkahira]] Cibiyar gida ce ga ayyuka daban-daban da al'adu. Kowace shekara, tana zaɓar babban jigon ga yawancin abubuwan da ta gudanar, jigon 2009 shine "mutunci", wanda ta hanyarsa ne aka yi nufin magance wasu matsalolin zamantakewa, kamar roƙo . <ref name="cnn">{{Cite web |date=2009-03-17 |title=El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt: From a place for beggars to a resort for intellectuals |url=http://arabic.cnn.com/2009/entertainment/2/26/sawi.culture/index.html |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[CNN]] |language=ar}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[http://arabic.cnn.com/2009/entertainment/2/26/sawi.culture/index.html "El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt: From a place for beggars to a resort for intellectuals"] (in Arabic). [[CNN]]. 2009-03-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-04-01</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Arabic-language sources (ar)]]</ref> Cibiyar ta shirya ɗaruruwan wasannin kade-kade da waƙoƙi, ciki har da na Oud, jazz, wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa, waƙar yara da kuma wasan kwaikwayo ga ƙungiyoyin mawaƙa na Masar da Larabawa da dama, mawaƙa da masu nishadantarwa. <ref name="cnn" /> Tana kuma ɗaukar nauyin tarurrukan karawa juna sani da dama, [[Taro na Bita|tarurrukan bita]], nune-nunen fasaha, baje kolin littattafai da nunin fina-finai. <ref name="cnn" /> Ana zargin cewa cibiyar al'adu ce mai zaman kanta wacce ba ta gwamnati ba ce ke kula da ita kuma ana ikirarin cewa abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikinta suna da 'yanci da inganci fiye da waɗanda ke cikin cibiyoyin da gwamnati ke kula da su. Duk da haka, 'yan majalisar dokoki ne ke da su. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-04 |title=Popularizing Art and Culture: An Egyptian experience |url=http://www.islamonline.net/English/ArtCulture/MovieTheater/2006/09/01.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070318131757/http://www.islamonline.net/English/ArtCulture/MovieTheater/2006/09/01.shtml |archive-date=2007-03-18 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[islamOnline]]}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, tana shirya tarurruka da bukukuwa da dama, ciki har da bikin wasan kwaikwayo na shekara-shekara, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-08-12 |title=23 independent theatre groups in El Sawy culturewheel festival in Cairo |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/news/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1096228 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]] |language=ar}}</ref> "bikin fina-finai mai rai na Sakkia", <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-12-24 |title=83 movies in Sakkia's first animated film festival in Cairo |url=http://www.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/1354D221-799E-42B4-BA42-0E1B4AC54AE0.htm?wbc_purpose=%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]] |language=ar}}</ref> bikin El Sawy na al'ada don [[Documentary film|shirye-shiryen fina-finai]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-07-20 |title=Presenting El Sawy culturewheel documentary film festival awards |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/News/archive/archive?ArchiveId=333150 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]] |language=ar}}</ref> da kuma taron El Sakkia don [[Larabci|harshen Larabci]] da Mawaki Ahmed Shawqi. Sawy ya ƙunshi sassa da dama don horar da fasaha da kiɗa da kuma ɗakunan karatu da dama, ciki har da ɗakin karatu na kiɗa da ɗakin karatu na yara. <ref name="jazeera">{{Cite web |date=2008-01-07 |title=El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt chooses minds as a focus for its 2008 activities |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/News/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1080109 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]] |language=ar}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.aljazeera.net/News/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1080109 "El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt chooses minds as a focus for its 2008 activities"] (in Arabic). [[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]]. 2008-01-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-04-01</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Arabic-language sources (ar)]]</ref> kuma yana ba da azuzuwan fasaha da dama a fannin zane, sassaka, piano da goge ga yara da matasa. <ref name="ET">{{Cite web |date=October 2004 |title=Inventing the Wheel |url=http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118134623/http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 |archive-date=2008-01-18 |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[Egypt Today]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080118134623/http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 "Inventing the Wheel"]. [[Egypt Today]]. October 2004. Archived from [http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2514 the original] on 2008-01-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-04-01</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == hon137j1b3w1o0myb8q0jwx7tkdgils 0 153092 842452 2026-05-29T13:31:32Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1286887760|Félou Hydroelectric Plant]]" 842452 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Félou Hydroelectric Plant''' (Faransa: Centrale hydroélectrique de Félou) shigarwa ce ta hydroelectric a Félou Falls a kan Kogin Sénégal a Mali . Yana da Turbines na ruwa guda uku da ke iya samar da MW 62.3. Tashar wutar lantarki ta yanzu ta maye gurbin tsohuwar da aka gina a cikin shekarun 1920. Ginin sabon tashar wutar lantarki ya fara ne a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2009 kuma Bankin Duniya ne ya ba da kuɗin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2013 |title=Mali's Felou hydroelectric dam to be inaugurated by 4 presidents |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-12/17/c_132974912.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203202522/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-12/17/c_132974912.htm |archive-date=February 3, 2015 |access-date=2 January 2015 |publisher=Xinhua}}</ref> Shine aikin na uku na Hukumar Raya [[Kogin Senegal]] a kan kogi kuma an kammala shi a shekarar 2014. An sake gyara weir ɗin da ke akwai tare da tsayin mita 2 da suka gabata (6.6 . A cikin 1927, an ba da izinin tashar wutar lantarki ta baya. An sake gyara shi a cikin 1992 kuma yana da ƙarfin shigarwa na 600 kW.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 2006 |title=Etude des Impacts Environnementaux du Projet D'aménagement de Félou |url=http://www.eib.org/attachments/pipeline/1527_eia_fr.pdf |access-date=2 January 2015 |publisher=Organisation Pour la Mise en Valeur du Fleuve Senegal (O.M.V.S.) |language=French}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; A matsakaicin fitarwa, turbines guda uku na 21 MW sun wuce jimlar mita 500 a kowace dakika (18,000 ft / s) na ruwa. Tsakanin watan Agusta da Nuwamba ruwan da ke gudana a cikin kogi gabaɗaya ya wuce wannan darajar yana ba da damar shuka ta yi aiki a cikakken ƙarfin kuma ruwan da ya wuce ya wuce kan weir. A lokacin fari (Disamba zuwa Yuli), an rage wutar lantarki da aka samar zuwa kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na matsakaicin fitarwa yayin da kwararar ruwa ta iyakance zuwa mita 150-200 a kowace dakika (5,300-7,100 cu ft / s) da aka saki daga madatsar ruwan Manantali. Jimlar kudaden da aka kiyasta sun kai dala miliyan 241. An kammala ginin shuka a shekarar 2014. 75oj6vekdev74hklk8zdjulanciurl8 842453 842452 2026-05-29T13:32:24Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842453 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Félou Hydroelectric Plant''' (Faransa: Centrale hydroélectrique de Félou) shigarwa ce ta hydroelectric a Félou Falls a kan Kogin Sénégal a Mali . Yana da Turbines na ruwa guda uku da ke iya samar da MW 62.3. Tashar wutar lantarki ta yanzu ta maye gurbin tsohuwar da aka gina a cikin shekarun 1920. Ginin sabon tashar wutar lantarki ya fara ne a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2009 kuma Bankin Duniya ne ya ba da kuɗin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2013 |title=Mali's Felou hydroelectric dam to be inaugurated by 4 presidents |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-12/17/c_132974912.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203202522/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-12/17/c_132974912.htm |archive-date=February 3, 2015 |access-date=2 January 2015 |publisher=Xinhua}}</ref> Shine aikin na uku na Hukumar Raya [[Kogin Senegal]] a kan kogi kuma an kammala shi a shekarar 2014. An sake gyara weir ɗin da ke akwai tare da tsayin mita 2 da suka gabata (6.6 . A cikin 1927, an ba da izinin tashar wutar lantarki ta baya. An sake gyara shi a cikin 1992 kuma yana da ƙarfin shigarwa na 600 kW.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 2006 |title=Etude des Impacts Environnementaux du Projet D'aménagement de Félou |url=http://www.eib.org/attachments/pipeline/1527_eia_fr.pdf |access-date=2 January 2015 |publisher=Organisation Pour la Mise en Valeur du Fleuve Senegal (O.M.V.S.) |language=French}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; A matsakaicin fitarwa, turbines guda uku na 21 MW sun wuce jimlar mita 500 a kowace dakika (18,000 ft / s) na ruwa. Tsakanin watan Agusta da Nuwamba ruwan da ke gudana a cikin kogi gabaɗaya ya wuce wannan darajar yana ba da damar shuka ta yi aiki a cikakken ƙarfin kuma ruwan da ya wuce ya wuce kan weir. A lokacin fari (Disamba zuwa Yuli), an rage wutar lantarki da aka samar zuwa kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na matsakaicin fitarwa yayin da kwararar ruwa ta iyakance zuwa mita 150-200 a kowace dakika (5,300-7,100 cu ft / s) da aka saki daga madatsar ruwan Manantali. Jimlar kudaden da aka kiyasta sun kai dala miliyan 241. An kammala ginin shuka a shekarar 2014. ==manazarta== sy3peamkwzo5jvcna8wkpy00abrhqfk 0 153093 842456 2026-05-29T13:35:18Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340394340|Gouina Hydroelectric Plant]]" 842456 wikitext text/x-wiki Ginin Hydroelectric na Gouina (Faransa: Centrale hydroélectrique de Gouina) shigarwa ce ta ruwa mai gudana a kan Gouina Falls tare da [[Kogin Senegal]] a [[Mali]] . Tana kusa da {{Convert|18|km|mi}} (11 kudu maso gabashin Diamou a Yankin Kayes . Shine aikin na huɗu na Hukumar Raya Kogin Senegal kuma bikin da aka yi a ranar 17 ga Disamba 2013 ya halarci shugabannin kasashe na kowace ƙasa memba. Shugaban Mauritania Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz ya kafa harsashin ginin. An dakatar da aikin farko saboda juyin mulkin Mali na 2012 da kuma Rikicin Arewacin Mali. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 December 2013 |title=OMVS launches Gouina dam project in Kayes region |url=http://www.africanmanager.com/site_eng/detail_article.php?art_id=21170 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103214645/http://www.africanmanager.com/site_eng/detail_article.php?art_id=21170 |archive-date=3 January 2015 |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=African Manager}}</ref> Firayim Ministan Mali [[Abdoulaye Maiga (officer)|Abdoulaye Maïga]] ne ya kaddamar da shuka a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022. Ya kashe dala miliyan 329 kuma kilomita {{Convert|280|km|mi}} (170 na layin watsawa ya kashe dala miliyan 65.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2011 |title=Update of the ECOWAS Revised Master Plan for the generation and transmission of electrical energy |url=http://www.ecowapp.org/?dl_id=451 |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=West African Power Pool |page=6/17 |format=PDF}}</ref> Aikin ya sami kashi 85 cikin 100 na kudadensa daga Bankin Exim na kasar Sin tare da dala miliyan 1 daga Asusun Amincewa da Infrastructure na EU-Africa da dala miliyan 1.4 daga Ƙungiyar Ci Gaban Duniya da Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai. Yana da ƙarfin shigarwa na {{Convert|140|MW}} kuma zai yi amfani da fitowar Manantali Dam sama don daidaita ruwa a cikin shuka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gouina |url=https://www.eu-africa-infrastructure-tf.net/activities/grants/gouina-hydropower.htm |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=EU-Africa Infrastructure Trust Fund}}</ref> Wani tsawo mai tsawon mita {{Convert|1230|m|ft}} (4,040 sama da faduwar ruwa yana jagorantar ruwa cikin tashar da za ta ciyar da gidan wutar lantarki a ƙasa da faduwa. Gidan wutar lantarki ya ƙunshi masu samar da turbine na 46.6 MW Kaplan guda uku. Bambanci a cikin tsawo ruwa ya faɗi da weir yana ba da kai na hydraulic (ruwa) na {{Convert|22.5|m|ft}} . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2013 |title=Macky Sall and three Heads of State inaugurated the central Félou and lay the cornerstone of the Gouina |url=http://senetoile.net/actualite-senegal/25-economie/981698-2013-12-17-18-22-21.html |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=Senegal News |language=French}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=Scenarios et Simulations du Plan Optimal D'investissements |url=http://www.ecowrex.org/system/files/repository/2008_planfication_secteur_electricite_scenarios_et_plan_-_min_ener.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215759/http://www.ecowrex.org/system/files/repository/2008_planfication_secteur_electricite_scenarios_et_plan_-_min_ener.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=Mali – Ministere de L’energie, des Mines et de L’eau – Direction Nationale De L’energie |language=French}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dam Projects |url=http://www.portail-omvs.org/infrastructure-regionale/barrages/projets-barrages |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303123323/http://www.portail-omvs.org/infrastructure-regionale/barrages/projets-barrages |archive-date=3 March 2017 |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=Senegal River Basin Authority |language=French}}</ref> 017qirqbwl17b4vdqyuydfg11njsx5d 842457 842456 2026-05-29T13:35:50Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842457 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ginin Hydroelectric na Gouina (Faransa: Centrale hydroélectrique de Gouina) shigarwa ce ta ruwa mai gudana a kan Gouina Falls tare da [[Kogin Senegal]] a [[Mali]] . Tana kusa da {{Convert|18|km|mi}} (11 kudu maso gabashin Diamou a Yankin Kayes . Shine aikin na huɗu na Hukumar Raya Kogin Senegal kuma bikin da aka yi a ranar 17 ga Disamba 2013 ya halarci shugabannin kasashe na kowace ƙasa memba. Shugaban Mauritania Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz ya kafa harsashin ginin. An dakatar da aikin farko saboda juyin mulkin Mali na 2012 da kuma Rikicin Arewacin Mali. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 December 2013 |title=OMVS launches Gouina dam project in Kayes region |url=http://www.africanmanager.com/site_eng/detail_article.php?art_id=21170 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103214645/http://www.africanmanager.com/site_eng/detail_article.php?art_id=21170 |archive-date=3 January 2015 |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=African Manager}}</ref> Firayim Ministan Mali [[Abdoulaye Maiga (officer)|Abdoulaye Maïga]] ne ya kaddamar da shuka a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022. Ya kashe dala miliyan 329 kuma kilomita {{Convert|280|km|mi}} (170 na layin watsawa ya kashe dala miliyan 65.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2011 |title=Update of the ECOWAS Revised Master Plan for the generation and transmission of electrical energy |url=http://www.ecowapp.org/?dl_id=451 |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=West African Power Pool |page=6/17 |format=PDF}}</ref> Aikin ya sami kashi 85 cikin 100 na kudadensa daga Bankin Exim na kasar Sin tare da dala miliyan 1 daga Asusun Amincewa da Infrastructure na EU-Africa da dala miliyan 1.4 daga Ƙungiyar Ci Gaban Duniya da Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai. Yana da ƙarfin shigarwa na {{Convert|140|MW}} kuma zai yi amfani da fitowar Manantali Dam sama don daidaita ruwa a cikin shuka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gouina |url=https://www.eu-africa-infrastructure-tf.net/activities/grants/gouina-hydropower.htm |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=EU-Africa Infrastructure Trust Fund}}</ref> Wani tsawo mai tsawon mita {{Convert|1230|m|ft}} (4,040 sama da faduwar ruwa yana jagorantar ruwa cikin tashar da za ta ciyar da gidan wutar lantarki a ƙasa da faduwa. Gidan wutar lantarki ya ƙunshi masu samar da turbine na 46.6 MW Kaplan guda uku. Bambanci a cikin tsawo ruwa ya faɗi da weir yana ba da kai na hydraulic (ruwa) na {{Convert|22.5|m|ft}} . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2013 |title=Macky Sall and three Heads of State inaugurated the central Félou and lay the cornerstone of the Gouina |url=http://senetoile.net/actualite-senegal/25-economie/981698-2013-12-17-18-22-21.html |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=Senegal News |language=French}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=Scenarios et Simulations du Plan Optimal D'investissements |url=http://www.ecowrex.org/system/files/repository/2008_planfication_secteur_electricite_scenarios_et_plan_-_min_ener.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215759/http://www.ecowrex.org/system/files/repository/2008_planfication_secteur_electricite_scenarios_et_plan_-_min_ener.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=Mali – Ministere de L’energie, des Mines et de L’eau – Direction Nationale De L’energie |language=French}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dam Projects |url=http://www.portail-omvs.org/infrastructure-regionale/barrages/projets-barrages |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303123323/http://www.portail-omvs.org/infrastructure-regionale/barrages/projets-barrages |archive-date=3 March 2017 |access-date=3 January 2015 |publisher=Senegal River Basin Authority |language=French}}</ref> ==manazarta== 9e0sq1o3f9c2zfte8p8bqql08i7uq6c 0 153094 842458 2026-05-29T13:39:11Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1282257732|David Tyavkase]]" 842458 wikitext text/x-wiki '''David Terzungwe Tyavkase''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Disamba, 1984, a [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] ) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]] wanda a halin yanzu yake tare da Lobi Stars FC. == Sana'a == Tyavkase ya fara aikinsa tare da Enyimba kuma a watan Yulin 2007 ya koma Lobi Stars . Bayan shekaru biyu na wasa, ya dawo Enyimba a ranar 12 ga Fabrairun 2009. [1] Mai tsaron baya, wanda zai iya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba ko kuma [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]], ya koma Lobi a farkon kakar wasa ta 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |title=LOBI TAKE THE LONG WAY TO LAGOS |url=http://www.completesportsnigeria.mobi/readNewsItem1.php?nid=1265 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829003640/http://completesportsnigeria.mobi/readNewsItem1.php?nid=1265 |archive-date=2012-08-29 |access-date=2012-09-10}}</ref> A watan Satumba na 2013, Tyavkase ya bar Najeriya zuwa ƙungiyar US Bitam ta lashe gasar Gabon ta 2012-13. === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === Ya samu damar buga wasa ɗaya a kakar wasa ta 2005 ga [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Najeriya]] . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] 8doc51tbmgwp1gky2h40mj36tiemwcl 842460 842458 2026-05-29T13:39:31Z Sardeeq 39275 842460 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''David Terzungwe Tyavkase''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Disamba, 1984, a [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] ) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]] wanda a halin yanzu yake tare da Lobi Stars FC. == Sana'a == Tyavkase ya fara aikinsa tare da Enyimba kuma a watan Yulin 2007 ya koma Lobi Stars . Bayan shekaru biyu na wasa, ya dawo Enyimba a ranar 12 ga Fabrairun 2009. [1] Mai tsaron baya, wanda zai iya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba ko kuma [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]], ya koma Lobi a farkon kakar wasa ta 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |title=LOBI TAKE THE LONG WAY TO LAGOS |url=http://www.completesportsnigeria.mobi/readNewsItem1.php?nid=1265 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829003640/http://completesportsnigeria.mobi/readNewsItem1.php?nid=1265 |archive-date=2012-08-29 |access-date=2012-09-10}}</ref> A watan Satumba na 2013, Tyavkase ya bar Najeriya zuwa ƙungiyar US Bitam ta lashe gasar Gabon ta 2012-13. === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === Ya samu damar buga wasa ɗaya a kakar wasa ta 2005 ga [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Najeriya]] . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] t5iwpcfhga7xcti08h25f8z78m5knjp 0 153095 842459 2026-05-29T13:39:30Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1231813928|Manantali Dam]]" 842459 wikitext text/x-wiki Dam din Manantali ([[Faransanci]]: Barrage de Manantali) madatsar ruwa ce mai ma'ana da yawa a kan [[Kogin Bafing]] a cikin [[Kogin Senegal]], kilomita 90 (56 zuwa kudu maso gabashin Bafoulabé, a Yankin Kayes na [[Mali]] . == Tarihi == Shirye-shiryen farko na madatsar ruwan ya fara ne a shekarar 1972 lokacin da Mali, Mauritania da Senegal suka kafa kungiyar don ci gaban kogin Senegal (Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal, ko OMVS) don bunkasa aikin gona da karfin ruwa na kwandon. Bankin Duniya ya ki tallafawa madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1979, yana la'akari da shi saka hannun jari mara ma'ana. Koyaya, an sami kuɗi galibi daga Turai kuma an fara gina madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1982. An kammala shi a shekarar 1988, amma ba tare da tashar wutar lantarki ba. A cikin 1989 Yakin Yankin Mauritania-Senegal ya dakatar da duk aikin a kan aikin. Wani ɗan jarida na Switzerland wanda ya ziyarci Manantali a cikin 1988 ya bayyana aikin a matsayin "moto mai kayatarwa ba tare da mota ba". A cikin 1993 Carl-Dieter Spranger, ministan Jamus na taimakon ci gaba, ya kira Manantali "aikin wauta na tattalin arziki da muhalli". Lokacin da rikici ya ragu a cikin 1991 OMVS ta nemi sabon kunshin rance don tashar wutar lantarki, wanda a ƙarshe aka haɗa shi a cikin 1997. Dam din ya fara samar da wutar lantarki ga Senegal, Mali da Mauritania a shekara ta 2001.<ref name="Evaluation">{{Cite web |last=Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD |year=2009 |title=Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project |url=http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf |access-date=24 July 2011}}</ref> A yau madatsar ruwan tana sarrafawa ne ta hanyar ''Kamfanin Gudanar da Makamashi na Manantali'', Société de gestion de l'énergie de Manantali (SOGEM) wanda aka kirkira a shekarar 1997. SOGEM kuma ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar kwangila na shekaru 15 tare da kamfanin EEM mai zaman kansa, wani reshe na kamfanin wutar lantarki na Afirka ta Kudu ESKOM, don gudanar da tashar. OMVS tana da wakilci a kan kwamitin SOGEM . <ref name="Evaluation">{{Cite web |last=Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD |year=2009 |title=Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project |url=http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf |access-date=24 July 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBanque_allemande_de_développement_(KfW)_Banque_européenne_d’investissement_(BEI)_Agence_Française_de_Développement_(AFD2009">Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD (2009). [http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf "Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> Da yake ambaton "matsalar kwangila wajen aiwatar da kwangilar", Eskom ta shiga yarjejeniya tare da SOGEM don dakatar da shi tun daga 1 ga Oktoba 2011, bisa ga rahoton kudi na kamfanin na 2011. == Kudin da kudade == Jimlar kudin madatsar ruwan, tashar wutar lantarki da ke da alaƙa da ita, sare gandun daji na tafkin nan gaba, karatu da "matakan kari" sun kasance Yuro 1.02bn. Kudin ginin madatsar ruwan Diama da ke ƙasa ya kasance ƙarin Yuro 50. Masu ba da gudummawa 16 ne suka ba da guddina ga madatsar ruwan, ciki har da hadin gwiwar ci gaban Jamus (14%) da Faransa (13%) [[Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka]], Bankin Duniya, Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai, Kanada, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait da Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Kasashen Afirka guda uku da suka amfana sun ba da gudummawa ga kudade. Kashi 64% na kudaden kasashen waje sun kasance ta hanyar rance mai laushi da kashi 36% ta hanyar tallafi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD |year=2009 |title=Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project |url=http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf |access-date=24 July 2011 |pages=11}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Turai, Bankin Ci Gaban Musulunci, Bankin Raya Yammacin Afirka, da Asusun Ci Gaban Arewa suma sun ba da gudummawa ga kudade. Gwamnatin Norway ta ki tallafawa madatsar ruwan saboda damuwa game da tasirin lafiyarta. == Fa'idodi == [[Fayil:Sénégal_drainage_basin_map-fr.svg|thumb|Taswirar kogin Senegal. An nuna madatsar ruwan Manantali a kusurwar kudu maso gabashin kwandon.]] Fa'idodin da ake tsammani sun haɗa da samar da wutar lantarki, haɓaka samar da aikin gona ta hanyar ban ruwa da inganta hanyoyin ruwa na kogi. '''Samar da wutar lantarki'''. Binciken da aka yi a shekarar 2008 na madatsar ruwan da masu hada-hadar kudi uku suka gudanar (EIB, Jamusanci KfW da Faransanci AFD) sun kammala cewa babban fa'idar madatsar ruwa shine samar da wutar lantarki, inda samar da 740 GWh a kowace shekara ya wuce tsammanin 540 GWh. Kimanin kashi 55% na wutar lantarki ana amfani da shi a Mali, kashi 30% a Senegal da kashi 15% a Mauritania. A shekara ta 2006 a Mali fiye da 90% na duk wutar lantarki da aka samar ya fito ne daga Manantali, a Mauritania 34% kuma a Senegal 13%. Dam din bai warware matsalar wutar lantarki ta kasashe uku ba, inda katsewar wutar lantarki ke faruwa akai-akai kuma masana'antun da ke akwai dole ne su samar da nasu wutar lantarki. Game da ingancin tattalin arziki na aikin, kimantawar Turai ta lissafa yawan dawowar tattalin arziki na ɓangaren wutar lantarki na 8% . Binciken Bankin Duniya har ma ya lissafa yawan dawowar tattalin arziki na 12 zuwa 24%. Abubuwan da ke tattare da kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki da aka tsara - samar da wutar wutar lantarki da ake tsammani wanda aka raba ta hanyar samar da wutar sadarwa idan aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki har abada a cikakken ƙarfin, shine 42% idan aka kwatanta da 45-60% don sauran masana'antun wutar lantarki. Koyaya, waɗannan fa'idodin tattalin arziki ba su fassara zuwa fa'idodin kuɗi ba saboda dalilai biyu: Na farko, an saita farashin wutar lantarki a kusan rabin farashin samarwa (4.7 Yuro Cents / kWh idan aka kwatanta da 8.8 Cents). Na biyu, masu amfani da wutar lantarki na kasa na kasashe uku da suka sayi wutar lantarki a kai a kai suna biyan kusan rabin kuɗin su.<ref name="Evaluation">{{Cite web |last=Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD |year=2009 |title=Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project |url=http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf |access-date=24 July 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBanque_allemande_de_développement_(KfW)_Banque_européenne_d’investissement_(BEI)_Agence_Française_de_Développement_(AFD2009">Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD (2009). [http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf "Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> Ƙungiyar da ke kula da aiki da tashar wutar lantarki, SOGEM, ta haka ne ke tara rashi. Za a sake dawo da Asusun Hadarin Hydrology a hankali don biyan kuɗin aiki na shuka idan akwai karancin kudaden shiga saboda fari. Asusun ya sami iyakantaccen gudummawa ne kawai, tunda an yi amfani da biyan kuɗin da aka ware don samar da wutar lantarki a yankunan da ke kusa da layin watsa wutar lantarki don mayar da martani ga matsin lamba daga al'ummomin yankin. Fa'idodin aikin gona da aka samu ta hanyar madatsar ruwan sun kasance "kasa da tsammanin da ya dace". Dam din yana ban ruwa da ƙarin hekta 78,100 (kilomita 781) na ƙasa a Senegal (hectare 54,700), Mauritania (hectara 20,400) da Mali (hectaras 3,000), wanda a zahiri ya wuce tsammanin. Koyaya, '''Amfanin gona''' ya kasance ƙasa kuma ana girbe amfanin gona guda ɗaya ne kawai a kowace shekara, wani bangare saboda a cikin ƙasashe uku masu samar da shinkafa gwamnatoci ne suka saita su a ƙasa da farashin kasuwar duniya, don haka ba da ƙaramin ƙarfafawa ga manoma don ƙara samarwa zuwa cikakkiyar damarsa. Ba a cimma burin aikin da aka bayyana don kara wadatar abinci ba: Kashi na wadatar shinkafa ya ragu a Senegal daga 23% a 1980 zuwa 20% a 2006 kuma samar da shinkafa ta tsaya tun 1990. Kashi na wadatar hatsi a Mauritania ya ragu daga 80% zuwa 30%.<ref name="Evaluation" /> 9533g599uo5xvan6kv7609moscptrvg 842461 842459 2026-05-29T13:40:11Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842461 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Dam din Manantali ([[Faransanci]]: Barrage de Manantali) madatsar ruwa ce mai ma'ana da yawa a kan [[Kogin Bafing]] a cikin [[Kogin Senegal]], kilomita 90 (56 zuwa kudu maso gabashin Bafoulabé, a Yankin Kayes na [[Mali]] . == Tarihi == Shirye-shiryen farko na madatsar ruwan ya fara ne a shekarar 1972 lokacin da Mali, Mauritania da Senegal suka kafa kungiyar don ci gaban kogin Senegal (Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal, ko OMVS) don bunkasa aikin gona da karfin ruwa na kwandon. Bankin Duniya ya ki tallafawa madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1979, yana la'akari da shi saka hannun jari mara ma'ana. Koyaya, an sami kuɗi galibi daga Turai kuma an fara gina madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1982. An kammala shi a shekarar 1988, amma ba tare da tashar wutar lantarki ba. A cikin 1989 Yakin Yankin Mauritania-Senegal ya dakatar da duk aikin a kan aikin. Wani ɗan jarida na Switzerland wanda ya ziyarci Manantali a cikin 1988 ya bayyana aikin a matsayin "moto mai kayatarwa ba tare da mota ba". A cikin 1993 Carl-Dieter Spranger, ministan Jamus na taimakon ci gaba, ya kira Manantali "aikin wauta na tattalin arziki da muhalli". Lokacin da rikici ya ragu a cikin 1991 OMVS ta nemi sabon kunshin rance don tashar wutar lantarki, wanda a ƙarshe aka haɗa shi a cikin 1997. Dam din ya fara samar da wutar lantarki ga Senegal, Mali da Mauritania a shekara ta 2001.<ref name="Evaluation">{{Cite web |last=Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD |year=2009 |title=Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project |url=http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf |access-date=24 July 2011}}</ref> A yau madatsar ruwan tana sarrafawa ne ta hanyar ''Kamfanin Gudanar da Makamashi na Manantali'', Société de gestion de l'énergie de Manantali (SOGEM) wanda aka kirkira a shekarar 1997. SOGEM kuma ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar kwangila na shekaru 15 tare da kamfanin EEM mai zaman kansa, wani reshe na kamfanin wutar lantarki na Afirka ta Kudu ESKOM, don gudanar da tashar. OMVS tana da wakilci a kan kwamitin SOGEM . <ref name="Evaluation">{{Cite web |last=Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD |year=2009 |title=Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project |url=http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf |access-date=24 July 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBanque_allemande_de_développement_(KfW)_Banque_européenne_d’investissement_(BEI)_Agence_Française_de_Développement_(AFD2009">Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD (2009). [http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf "Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> Da yake ambaton "matsalar kwangila wajen aiwatar da kwangilar", Eskom ta shiga yarjejeniya tare da SOGEM don dakatar da shi tun daga 1 ga Oktoba 2011, bisa ga rahoton kudi na kamfanin na 2011. == Kudin da kudade == Jimlar kudin madatsar ruwan, tashar wutar lantarki da ke da alaƙa da ita, sare gandun daji na tafkin nan gaba, karatu da "matakan kari" sun kasance Yuro 1.02bn. Kudin ginin madatsar ruwan Diama da ke ƙasa ya kasance ƙarin Yuro 50. Masu ba da gudummawa 16 ne suka ba da guddina ga madatsar ruwan, ciki har da hadin gwiwar ci gaban Jamus (14%) da Faransa (13%) [[Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka]], Bankin Duniya, Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai, Kanada, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait da Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Kasashen Afirka guda uku da suka amfana sun ba da gudummawa ga kudade. Kashi 64% na kudaden kasashen waje sun kasance ta hanyar rance mai laushi da kashi 36% ta hanyar tallafi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD |year=2009 |title=Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project |url=http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf |access-date=24 July 2011 |pages=11}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Turai, Bankin Ci Gaban Musulunci, Bankin Raya Yammacin Afirka, da Asusun Ci Gaban Arewa suma sun ba da gudummawa ga kudade. Gwamnatin Norway ta ki tallafawa madatsar ruwan saboda damuwa game da tasirin lafiyarta. == Fa'idodi == [[Fayil:Sénégal_drainage_basin_map-fr.svg|thumb|Taswirar kogin Senegal. An nuna madatsar ruwan Manantali a kusurwar kudu maso gabashin kwandon.]] Fa'idodin da ake tsammani sun haɗa da samar da wutar lantarki, haɓaka samar da aikin gona ta hanyar ban ruwa da inganta hanyoyin ruwa na kogi. '''Samar da wutar lantarki'''. Binciken da aka yi a shekarar 2008 na madatsar ruwan da masu hada-hadar kudi uku suka gudanar (EIB, Jamusanci KfW da Faransanci AFD) sun kammala cewa babban fa'idar madatsar ruwa shine samar da wutar lantarki, inda samar da 740 GWh a kowace shekara ya wuce tsammanin 540 GWh. Kimanin kashi 55% na wutar lantarki ana amfani da shi a Mali, kashi 30% a Senegal da kashi 15% a Mauritania. A shekara ta 2006 a Mali fiye da 90% na duk wutar lantarki da aka samar ya fito ne daga Manantali, a Mauritania 34% kuma a Senegal 13%. Dam din bai warware matsalar wutar lantarki ta kasashe uku ba, inda katsewar wutar lantarki ke faruwa akai-akai kuma masana'antun da ke akwai dole ne su samar da nasu wutar lantarki. Game da ingancin tattalin arziki na aikin, kimantawar Turai ta lissafa yawan dawowar tattalin arziki na ɓangaren wutar lantarki na 8% . Binciken Bankin Duniya har ma ya lissafa yawan dawowar tattalin arziki na 12 zuwa 24%. Abubuwan da ke tattare da kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki da aka tsara - samar da wutar wutar lantarki da ake tsammani wanda aka raba ta hanyar samar da wutar sadarwa idan aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki har abada a cikakken ƙarfin, shine 42% idan aka kwatanta da 45-60% don sauran masana'antun wutar lantarki. Koyaya, waɗannan fa'idodin tattalin arziki ba su fassara zuwa fa'idodin kuɗi ba saboda dalilai biyu: Na farko, an saita farashin wutar lantarki a kusan rabin farashin samarwa (4.7 Yuro Cents / kWh idan aka kwatanta da 8.8 Cents). Na biyu, masu amfani da wutar lantarki na kasa na kasashe uku da suka sayi wutar lantarki a kai a kai suna biyan kusan rabin kuɗin su.<ref name="Evaluation">{{Cite web |last=Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD |year=2009 |title=Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project |url=http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf |access-date=24 July 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBanque_allemande_de_développement_(KfW)_Banque_européenne_d’investissement_(BEI)_Agence_Française_de_Développement_(AFD2009">Banque allemande de développement (KfW) Banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) Agence Française de Développement (AFD (2009). [http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_manantali_rapport_de_synthese_fr.pdf "Joint ex post evaluation of the Manantali dam project"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> Ƙungiyar da ke kula da aiki da tashar wutar lantarki, SOGEM, ta haka ne ke tara rashi. Za a sake dawo da Asusun Hadarin Hydrology a hankali don biyan kuɗin aiki na shuka idan akwai karancin kudaden shiga saboda fari. Asusun ya sami iyakantaccen gudummawa ne kawai, tunda an yi amfani da biyan kuɗin da aka ware don samar da wutar lantarki a yankunan da ke kusa da layin watsa wutar lantarki don mayar da martani ga matsin lamba daga al'ummomin yankin. Fa'idodin aikin gona da aka samu ta hanyar madatsar ruwan sun kasance "kasa da tsammanin da ya dace". Dam din yana ban ruwa da ƙarin hekta 78,100 (kilomita 781) na ƙasa a Senegal (hectare 54,700), Mauritania (hectara 20,400) da Mali (hectaras 3,000), wanda a zahiri ya wuce tsammanin. Koyaya, '''Amfanin gona''' ya kasance ƙasa kuma ana girbe amfanin gona guda ɗaya ne kawai a kowace shekara, wani bangare saboda a cikin ƙasashe uku masu samar da shinkafa gwamnatoci ne suka saita su a ƙasa da farashin kasuwar duniya, don haka ba da ƙaramin ƙarfafawa ga manoma don ƙara samarwa zuwa cikakkiyar damarsa. Ba a cimma burin aikin da aka bayyana don kara wadatar abinci ba: Kashi na wadatar shinkafa ya ragu a Senegal daga 23% a 1980 zuwa 20% a 2006 kuma samar da shinkafa ta tsaya tun 1990. Kashi na wadatar hatsi a Mauritania ya ragu daga 80% zuwa 30%.<ref name="Evaluation" /> ==manazarta== l27pp6ir87rn5vyumg41st3fskgiuyr 0 153096 842462 2026-05-29T13:40:21Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1270532153|Henry Uche]]" 842462 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henry Iffanyi Uche''' // ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Agusta 1990) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasa da ƙasa na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] na AFC Leopards . <ref name="SW">{{Soccerway|henry-uche/208004|accessdate=9 February 2015}}</ref> == Sana'a == === Aikin kulob === Bayan ya buga wasa a Najeriya da Shooting Stars da Enyimba, [1] Uche ya koma kulob din FK Kukësi na Albania a watan Janairun 2014. [2] [3] Uche ya sanya hannu a AFC Leopards a ranar 15 ga Disamba 2017. === Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa === Ya fara buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasa a shekarar 2012. <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|access-date=9 February 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 February 2012 |title=Henry Uche set to fly with Eagles |url=http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/news/2012/february/09-henry-uche-set-to-fly-with-eagles.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222144745/http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/news/2012/february/09-henry-uche-set-to-fly-with-eagles.html |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=12 February 2014 |publisher=MTN Football}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] ltn5tlhxq0i2aehroppvxgvgam6ac6k 842463 842462 2026-05-29T13:40:38Z Sardeeq 39275 842463 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Henry Iffanyi Uche''' // ⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Agusta 1990) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasa da ƙasa na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] na AFC Leopards . <ref name="SW">{{Soccerway|henry-uche/208004|accessdate=9 February 2015}}</ref> == Sana'a == === Aikin kulob === Bayan ya buga wasa a Najeriya da Shooting Stars da Enyimba, [1] Uche ya koma kulob din FK Kukësi na Albania a watan Janairun 2014. [2] [3] Uche ya sanya hannu a AFC Leopards a ranar 15 ga Disamba 2017. === Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa === Ya fara buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasa a shekarar 2012. <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|access-date=9 February 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 February 2012 |title=Henry Uche set to fly with Eagles |url=http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/news/2012/february/09-henry-uche-set-to-fly-with-eagles.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222144745/http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/news/2012/february/09-henry-uche-set-to-fly-with-eagles.html |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=12 February 2014 |publisher=MTN Football}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] 52nf4zu5h6bwc29ns5alho4wxx1ldva 0 153097 842464 2026-05-29T13:41:23Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1261447389|Julius Ubido]]" 842464 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julius Ubido''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Disamba 1984) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ke bugawa [[Warri Wolves F.C.|Warri Wolves]] wasa, a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Sana'a == Ubido ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa a kulob a Najeriya don Heartland . [1] Ya buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasa sau ɗaya a shekara ta 2011. <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|41935|access-date=11 September 2019}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] a4mv254nsuxmz80ejzg4mhhqdai596a 842465 842464 2026-05-29T13:41:39Z Sardeeq 39275 842465 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Julius Ubido''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Disamba 1984) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na Najeriya wanda ke bugawa [[Warri Wolves F.C.|Warri Wolves]] wasa, a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Sana'a == Ubido ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa a kulob a Najeriya don Heartland . [1] Ya buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasa sau ɗaya a shekara ta 2011. <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|41935|access-date=11 September 2019}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] 956t8yzh7sib8jt4s13m63jilbk5ick 0 153098 842466 2026-05-29T13:43:43Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351453257|Cairo Tower]]" 842466 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hasumiyar Alkahira''' ( Arabic , '''''Borg El-Qāhira''''' ) hasumiyar siminti ce mai zaman kanta a [[Kairo|Alkahira]], [[Misra|Masar]] . A shekara ta {{Convert|187|m|ft}}, shi ne ginin mafi tsayi a Masar tsawon shekaru 37 har zuwa 1998, lokacin da aka wuce shi da hanyar wucewa ta hanyar layin wutar lantarki na saman mashigar ruwa ta Suez . Shi ne ginin mafi tsayi a [[Arewacin Afirka]] tsawon shekaru 21 har zuwa 1982, lokacin da na'urar watsawa ta Nador ta wuce shi a [[Moroko|Morocco]] . Shi ne ginin mafi tsayi a Afirka tsawon shekara guda har zuwa 1962, lokacin da Sentech Tower a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] ta wuce shi. Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun abubuwan tarihi na zamani na Alkahira, wanda wani lokacin ake ɗaukarsa a matsayin wuri na biyu mafi shahara a Masar bayan [[Tsarin pyramid na Giza|Dala na Giza]], yana tsaye a gundumar Gezira a Tsibirin Gezira a [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]], kusa da tsakiyar birnin Alkahira . == Tarihi == An gina hasumiyar daga 1956 zuwa 1961, ta hannun mai zane na Masar Naoum Shebib, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi daga tsohon ginin Masar . Tsarinta mai buɗewa a fili an yi shi ne don tayar da shukar lotus ta Fir'auna, wata alama ta tarihi ta [[Tsohuwar Masar]] . <ref name="Al Jazeera">{{Cite web |last=Raouf |first=Ali Abdul |date=9 April 2017 |title=الأسطورة والزعيم والمبنى |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/blogs/2017/9/4/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%89 |access-date=12 September 2020 |website=[[Aljazeera.net]] |language=ar}}</ref> An yi wa hasumiyar rawani da wani bene mai zagaye da kuma gidan cin abinci mai juyawa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cairo Tower |url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/egypt/cairo/attractions/cairo-tower/a/poi-sig/406252/355225 |access-date=12 September 2020 |website=LonelyPlanet.com}}</ref> wanda ke juyawa a kusa da ginshiƙinta lokaci-lokaci <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cairo Tower |url=http://egypt.travel/en/attractions/cairo-tower |access-date=13 September 2020 |website=egypt.travel |publisher=[[Ministry of Tourism (Egypt)|Egyptian Tourism Authority]]}}</ref> tare da kallon babban birnin Alkahira . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Huiwo |first=Wu |date=25 November 2019 |title=Scenery Seen from Cairo Tower |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-11/25/c_138580922.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128011442/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-11/25/c_138580922.htm |archive-date=November 28, 2019 |access-date=13 September 2020 |website=xinhuanet.com |publisher=[[Xinhua News Agency]]}}</ref> A cewar takardun da Manjo Janar Adel Shaheen ya buga, kudaden gina hasumiyar sun samo asali ne daga Gwamnatin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] ta hannun [[C.I.A|CIA]], wanda Kermit Roosevelt ya wakilta, wanda ya ba [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] kimanin dala miliyan 1-3 a matsayin kyauta a gare shi da nufin dakatar da goyon bayansa ga [[Yaƙin Aljeriya|juyin juya halin Aljeriya]] da sauran [[Ƴantar da Afirka daga Mulkin Mallaka|ƙungiyoyin 'yancin kai na Afirka]] . <ref name="Al Jazeera">{{Cite web |last=Raouf |first=Ali Abdul |date=9 April 2017 |title=الأسطورة والزعيم والمبنى |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/blogs/2017/9/4/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%89 |access-date=12 September 2020 |website=[[Aljazeera.net]] |language=ar}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRaouf2017">Raouf, Ali Abdul (9 April 2017). </cite></ref> <ref name="Egyptian Streets" /> <ref name="Cairo Times">{{Cite web |last=Raafat |first=Samir |date=16 October 1997 |title=The Cairo Tower |url=http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615123748/http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml |archive-date=15 June 2008 |access-date=21 March 2005 |website=egy.com |publisher=Cairo Times}}</ref> Sakamakon yunƙurin cin hanci da rashawa da aka yi masa, Nasser ya yanke shawarar tsawatar wa gwamnatin Amurka a bainar jama'a ta hanyar miƙa dukkan kuɗaɗen ga gwamnatin Masar don amfani da ginin hasumiyar, wanda ya bayyana cewa "za a iya gani daga Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka a gefen Kogin [[Nil|Nilu]], a matsayin alamar ba'a ta Masar, Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya juriya, juyin juya hali da alfahari". <ref name="Egyptian Streets">{{Cite web |last=Abdulaal |first=Mirna |date=1 November 2019 |title=How the Cairo Tower Gave Birth to Modern Egypt |url=https://egyptianstreets.com/2019/11/01/how-the-cairo-tower-gave-birth-to-modern-egypt/ |access-date=12 September 2020 |website=EgyptianStreets.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mousa |first=Sarah |title=Commemorating the United Arab Republic |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2013/02/201321985412606377.html |access-date=5 March 2017 |website=Al Jazeera}}</ref> Littafin ya kuma bayyana cewa Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Janar ta ɗauki cikakken alhakin duk abin da ya shafi aikin ƙira da tsare-tsare, gami da zaɓar mai ginin da aka ɗora wa alhakin tsara aikin ginin, har ma da samar da kayan da ake buƙata don ginin da nufin ba wa jarumin shugaban ƙasa. <ref name="Al Jazeera">{{Cite web |last=Raouf |first=Ali Abdul |date=9 April 2017 |title=الأسطورة والزعيم والمبنى |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/blogs/2017/9/4/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%89 |access-date=12 September 2020 |website=[[Aljazeera.net]] |language=ar}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRaouf2017">Raouf, Ali Abdul (9 April 2017). </cite></ref> Duk da haka, ƙirarsa ta kasance mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce yayin da [[Misirawa|Masarawa]] suka kira ta "waqf Roosevelt" ("waqf Roosevelt"), wanda Ofishin Jakadancin Masar da ke Washington, DC ya fassara shi da kuskure a matsayin "waqef Roosevelt" ("gina Roosevelt"). Wannan ya sa [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurkawa]] suka mayar da martani ta hanyar kiran ta da "waqef Roosevelt". <ref name="Cairo Times">{{Cite web |last=Raafat |first=Samir |date=16 October 1997 |title=The Cairo Tower |url=http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615123748/http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml |archive-date=15 June 2008 |access-date=21 March 2005 |website=egy.com |publisher=Cairo Times}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRaafat1997">Raafat, Samir (16 October 1997). </cite></ref> Saboda haka, wata ƙungiyar Musulunci ta gida ta bayar da fatawa don rushe hasumiyar a shekarun 1990, tana mai cewa "zai iya tayar da hankalin mata 'yan Masar", amma ba a aiwatar da hakan ba saboda tasirin hasumiyar kan tarihin ƙasa da shahararta tsakanin ƙasa da masu yawon buɗe ido. {{Sfn|Richardson|2013}} <ref>{{Cite web |last=Halime |first=Farah |date=17 May 2016 |title=Egypt's Giant Middle Finger to America |url=http://www.ozy.com/flashback/egypts-giant-middle-finger-to-america/69659 |access-date=10 September 2016 |website=ozy.com |publisher=[[Ozy Media|Ozy]]}}</ref> === Gyara === Tsakanin 2006 da 2009, kamfanin kwangilar Masar Arab Contractors ya yi gyaran hasumiyar da ta kai [[Fam na Masar|fam]] miliyan 15. Tsarin gyara da gyara ya kai kimanin fam miliyan 15, wanda ya haɗa da gyara da gyara simintin hasumiyar da kuma ƙara benaye 3 na gine-ginen ƙarfe a ƙasan hasumiyar da aka lulluɓe da jikinta, da kuma wani bene a saman ƙofar shiga. Haka kuma ya ƙara matattakalar gaggawa da lif ga baƙi, da kuma shigar da sabbin hasken LED don inganta inganci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=تطوير وتجديد برج القاهرة {{!}} المقاولون العرب |url=https://www.arabcont.com/project-661 |access-date=2024-01-31 |website=www.arabcont.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == gpq3sx8sjn9e70djio5mcjuwb545cdo 842467 842466 2026-05-29T13:44:14Z Engineer014 44591 842467 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hasumiyar Alkahira''' ( Arabic , '''''Borg El-Qāhira''''' ) hasumiyar siminti ce mai zaman kanta a [[Kairo|Alkahira]], [[Misra|Masar]] . A shekara ta {{Convert|187|m|ft}}, shi ne ginin mafi tsayi a Masar tsawon shekaru 37 har zuwa 1998, lokacin da aka wuce shi da hanyar wucewa ta hanyar layin wutar lantarki na saman mashigar ruwa ta Suez . Shi ne ginin mafi tsayi a [[Arewacin Afirka]] tsawon shekaru 21 har zuwa 1982, lokacin da na'urar watsawa ta Nador ta wuce shi a [[Moroko|Morocco]] . Shi ne ginin mafi tsayi a Afirka tsawon shekara guda har zuwa 1962, lokacin da Sentech Tower a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] ta wuce shi. Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun abubuwan tarihi na zamani na Alkahira, wanda wani lokacin ake ɗaukarsa a matsayin wuri na biyu mafi shahara a Masar bayan [[Tsarin pyramid na Giza|Dala na Giza]], yana tsaye a gundumar Gezira a Tsibirin Gezira a [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]], kusa da tsakiyar birnin Alkahira . == Tarihi == An gina hasumiyar daga 1956 zuwa 1961, ta hannun mai zane na Masar Naoum Shebib, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi daga tsohon ginin Masar . Tsarinta mai buɗewa a fili an yi shi ne don tayar da shukar lotus ta Fir'auna, wata alama ta tarihi ta [[Tsohuwar Masar]] . <ref name="Al Jazeera">{{Cite web |last=Raouf |first=Ali Abdul |date=9 April 2017 |title=الأسطورة والزعيم والمبنى |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/blogs/2017/9/4/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%89 |access-date=12 September 2020 |website=[[Aljazeera.net]] |language=ar}}</ref> An yi wa hasumiyar rawani da wani bene mai zagaye da kuma gidan cin abinci mai juyawa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cairo Tower |url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/egypt/cairo/attractions/cairo-tower/a/poi-sig/406252/355225 |access-date=12 September 2020 |website=LonelyPlanet.com}}</ref> wanda ke juyawa a kusa da ginshiƙinta lokaci-lokaci <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cairo Tower |url=http://egypt.travel/en/attractions/cairo-tower |access-date=13 September 2020 |website=egypt.travel |publisher=[[Ministry of Tourism (Egypt)|Egyptian Tourism Authority]]}}</ref> tare da kallon babban birnin Alkahira . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Huiwo |first=Wu |date=25 November 2019 |title=Scenery Seen from Cairo Tower |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-11/25/c_138580922.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128011442/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-11/25/c_138580922.htm |archive-date=November 28, 2019 |access-date=13 September 2020 |website=xinhuanet.com |publisher=[[Xinhua News Agency]]}}</ref> A cewar takardun da Manjo Janar Adel Shaheen ya buga, kudaden gina hasumiyar sun samo asali ne daga Gwamnatin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] ta hannun [[C.I.A|CIA]], wanda Kermit Roosevelt ya wakilta, wanda ya ba [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] kimanin dala miliyan 1-3 a matsayin kyauta a gare shi da nufin dakatar da goyon bayansa ga [[Yaƙin Aljeriya|juyin juya halin Aljeriya]] da sauran [[Ƴantar da Afirka daga Mulkin Mallaka|ƙungiyoyin 'yancin kai na Afirka]] . <ref name="Al Jazeera">{{Cite web |last=Raouf |first=Ali Abdul |date=9 April 2017 |title=الأسطورة والزعيم والمبنى |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/blogs/2017/9/4/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%89 |access-date=12 September 2020 |website=[[Aljazeera.net]] |language=ar}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRaouf2017">Raouf, Ali Abdul (9 April 2017). </cite></ref> <ref name="Egyptian Streets" /> <ref name="Cairo Times">{{Cite web |last=Raafat |first=Samir |date=16 October 1997 |title=The Cairo Tower |url=http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615123748/http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml |archive-date=15 June 2008 |access-date=21 March 2005 |website=egy.com |publisher=Cairo Times}}</ref> Sakamakon yunƙurin cin hanci da rashawa da aka yi masa, Nasser ya yanke shawarar tsawatar wa gwamnatin Amurka a bainar jama'a ta hanyar miƙa dukkan kuɗaɗen ga gwamnatin Masar don amfani da ginin hasumiyar, wanda ya bayyana cewa "za a iya gani daga Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka a gefen Kogin [[Nil|Nilu]], a matsayin alamar ba'a ta Masar, Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya juriya, juyin juya hali da alfahari". <ref name="Egyptian Streets">{{Cite web |last=Abdulaal |first=Mirna |date=1 November 2019 |title=How the Cairo Tower Gave Birth to Modern Egypt |url=https://egyptianstreets.com/2019/11/01/how-the-cairo-tower-gave-birth-to-modern-egypt/ |access-date=12 September 2020 |website=EgyptianStreets.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mousa |first=Sarah |title=Commemorating the United Arab Republic |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2013/02/201321985412606377.html |access-date=5 March 2017 |website=Al Jazeera}}</ref> Littafin ya kuma bayyana cewa Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Janar ta ɗauki cikakken alhakin duk abin da ya shafi aikin ƙira da tsare-tsare, gami da zaɓar mai ginin da aka ɗora wa alhakin tsara aikin ginin, har ma da samar da kayan da ake buƙata don ginin da nufin ba wa jarumin shugaban ƙasa. <ref name="Al Jazeera">{{Cite web |last=Raouf |first=Ali Abdul |date=9 April 2017 |title=الأسطورة والزعيم والمبنى |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/blogs/2017/9/4/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%89 |access-date=12 September 2020 |website=[[Aljazeera.net]] |language=ar}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRaouf2017">Raouf, Ali Abdul (9 April 2017). </cite></ref> Duk da haka, ƙirarsa ta kasance mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce yayin da [[Misirawa|Masarawa]] suka kira ta "waqf Roosevelt" ("waqf Roosevelt"), wanda Ofishin Jakadancin Masar da ke Washington, DC ya fassara shi da kuskure a matsayin "waqef Roosevelt" ("gina Roosevelt"). Wannan ya sa [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurkawa]] suka mayar da martani ta hanyar kiran ta da "waqef Roosevelt". <ref name="Cairo Times">{{Cite web |last=Raafat |first=Samir |date=16 October 1997 |title=The Cairo Tower |url=http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615123748/http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml |archive-date=15 June 2008 |access-date=21 March 2005 |website=egy.com |publisher=Cairo Times}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRaafat1997">Raafat, Samir (16 October 1997). </cite></ref> Saboda haka, wata ƙungiyar Musulunci ta gida ta bayar da fatawa don rushe hasumiyar a shekarun 1990, tana mai cewa "zai iya tayar da hankalin mata 'yan Masar", amma ba a aiwatar da hakan ba saboda tasirin hasumiyar kan tarihin ƙasa da shahararta tsakanin ƙasa da masu yawon buɗe ido. {{Sfn|Richardson|2013}} <ref>{{Cite web |last=Halime |first=Farah |date=17 May 2016 |title=Egypt's Giant Middle Finger to America |url=http://www.ozy.com/flashback/egypts-giant-middle-finger-to-america/69659 |access-date=10 September 2016 |website=ozy.com |publisher=[[Ozy Media|Ozy]]}}</ref> === Gyara === Tsakanin 2006 da 2009, kamfanin kwangilar Masar Arab Contractors ya yi gyaran hasumiyar da ta kai [[Fam na Masar|fam]] miliyan 15. Tsarin gyara da gyara ya kai kimanin fam miliyan 15, wanda ya haɗa da gyara da gyara simintin hasumiyar da kuma ƙara benaye 3 na gine-ginen ƙarfe a ƙasan hasumiyar da aka lulluɓe da jikinta, da kuma wani bene a saman ƙofar shiga. Haka kuma ya ƙara matattakalar gaggawa da lif ga baƙi, da kuma shigar da sabbin hasken LED don inganta inganci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=تطوير وتجديد برج القاهرة {{!}} المقاولون العرب |url=https://www.arabcont.com/project-661 |access-date=2024-01-31 |website=www.arabcont.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == 8gd1p3zsqr6vbefbray4zi28zsup6h6 0 153099 842468 2026-05-29T13:46:24Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351405260|Cairo Opera House]]" 842468 wikitext text/x-wiki The '''Cairo Opera House''' ( Arabic , ''Dār el-Opera el-Masreyya'' ; a zahiri "Gidan Opera na Masar"), wani ɓangare na '''Cibiyar Al'adu ta Ƙasa''' ta [[Kairo|Alkahira]], shine babban wurin wasan kwaikwayo a babban birnin [[Misra|Masar]] . Gida ne ga mafi yawan ƙungiyoyin kiɗa na Masar, yana kan yankin kudancin Tsibirin Gezira a [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]], a gundumar Zamalek kusa da tsakiyar birnin Alkahira . == Tarihi == An buɗe gidan wasan opera a ranar 10 ga Oktoba 1988. Kuɗaɗen ginin kyauta ne daga ƙasar [[Japan]] zuwa [[Misra|Masar]] sakamakon ziyarar Shugaba [[Hosni Mubarak]] zuwa Japan a watan Afrilu 1983. An fara ginin a watan Mayu 1985 kuma ya ɗauki tsawon shekaru uku. A watan Oktoban 1988, Shugaba Mubarak da Yarima Tomohito na Mikasa, ƙanin Sarkin Japan, suka buɗe Cibiyar Al'adu ta Ƙasa a Cairo Opera House. Wannan shi ne karo na farko da Japan ta shirya wani wasan kwaikwayo ''na Kabuki'', wani wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya mai farin jini tare da waƙa da rawa, a [[Afirka]] ko kuma ƙasashen Larabawa . Domin karrama Gidan Opera na Cairo, ƙungiyar makaɗa ta London Royal Philharmonic Orchestra ta zaɓi wurin a matsayin wurin da za su yi wasan kwaikwayo na farko a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Afirka a watan Janairun 2007. An ƙirƙiri Gidan Oud na Arabic a harabarsa kafin a ƙaura zuwa wani gini a tsohon garin. === Gidan Opera na Khedivial === [[Fayil:ModernEgypt,_Khedivial_Opera_House,_BAP_25178.jpg|left|thumb|250x250px|Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Khedivial, a shekarar 1869.]] A shekarar 1869, Khedive Ismail ya ba da umarnin gina gidan opera don murnar buɗe [[Suez canal|magudanar ruwa ta Suez]] . Ana kiransa Khedivial (Royal) Opera House kuma an yi nufinsa a matsayin wata alama mai ɗorewa kuma mai ban mamaki ta fasahar wasan kwaikwayo da kiɗa. An gina gidan opera ɗin ne ta hanyar masu zane-zane na Italiya Avoscani da Rossi, kuma an kammala shi cikin watanni shida, a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira kusa da gundumar Azbakya . Khedive ya ba da umarnin yin wasan kwaikwayo wanda zai nuna tarihin Masar na da. Masanin ilmin kayan tarihi na Faransa Auguste Mariette, a cikin hidimar Khedive, ya rubuta wani labari wanda daga ƙarshe ya yi wa shahararren masanin libretti na Italiya Antonio Ghislanzoni aiki a matsayin tushen libretto ɗinsa. An naɗa Giuseppe Verdi don ya tsara waƙar. Sakamakon haka shi ne sanannen opera, ''Aida'', tare da ingancin jarumtakarsa, manyan wuraren wasan kwaikwayo da kuma waƙoƙin da ke da sha'awa. Saboda jinkirin da yaƙin Franco-Prussian ya haifar, ba a iya jigilar kayan da aka shirya don fara bikin ''Aida'' daga Paris a kan lokaci ba, kuma a cikin 1869 aka buɗe gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Opera da ''Rigoletto'' na Verdi, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan Verdi na baya. ''Aida'' za ta sami fara bikin a duniya a Alkahira a 1871. Sabanin ra'ayin gabaɗaya, ba a ba ''Aida'' aikin buɗe mashigar Suez ba. Gidan wasan opera na Khedivial shine na farko a nahiyar Afirka da ya yi wasan opera da kuma manyan wasannin kwaikwayo na symphonic a duniya. == Wurare da kayan aiki == Cibiyar Opera ta Alkahira ta ƙunshi gidajen wasan kwaikwayo guda bakwai, ɗakin karatu na kiɗa, ɗakin adana kayan fasaha da kuma gidan tarihi. [[Fayil:The_ancient_Roman_Amphitheatre_in_Alexandria_(2007-05-005).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Romawa, gundumar Alexandria.]] * Babban Zauren yana ɗaukar mutane 1,200 kuma yana da matakai huɗu, ciki har da kujerun ƙungiyar makaɗa, hawa uku da akwatin shugaban ƙasa. Ana amfani da shi don wasan opera da wasan makaɗa da rawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Main Hall |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218000738/http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=1 |archive-date=18 February 2020 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Ƙaramin Zauren yana ɗaukar mutane har zuwa 500 a hawa ɗaya, ana amfani da shi don kiɗan ɗakin taro da kuma waƙoƙin kade-kade kuma yana iya zama babban ɗakin liyafa don muhimman abubuwan da suka faru. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Small Hall |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=2 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Buɗaɗɗen Sama wani dandamali ne mai siffar murabba'i wanda aka ƙera shi da sauti wanda ake amfani da shi don yin wasan kwaikwayo a waje, kuma yana ɗaukar mutane 600. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Open-Air Theatre |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=3 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331123840/https://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=3 |archive-date=31 March 2022 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na El Gomhouria wani gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne mai kyau da ke kusa da Fadar Abdeen Royal . Yana ƙarƙashin kulawar Gidan Wasan kwaikwayo na Alkahira. <ref>{{Cite web |title=El Gomhouria Theatre |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=4 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Cibiyar Kiɗa ta Larabawa tana da fasahar zamani kuma ta dace sosai don gabatar da ingantattun waƙoƙin Larabawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Arab Music Institute |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=5 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Gidan Wasan kwaikwayo na Alexandria ko Gidan Wasan kwaikwayo na Sayed Darwish <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Alexandria Opera House |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=6 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Romawa, Alexandria wanda aka gano a shekarar 1963, yana ɗaukar mutane har zuwa 800. Yana da farin marmara, marmara kore, granite ja da mosaic, baka da dutse. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Roman Amphitheatre, Alexandria |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=7 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adel Awed |first=Zahraa |last2=Kamel |first2=Seif |title=The Roman Theatre (Odeum) in Alexandria |url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/romantheatre.htm |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Tour Egypt}}</ref> == Manazarta == o3jz4j4po5hu6ms4ug9v4vv6j5mleuh 842471 842468 2026-05-29T13:48:32Z Engineer014 44591 842471 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} The '''Cairo Opera House''' ( Arabic , ''Dār el-Opera el-Masreyya'' ; a zahiri "Gidan Opera na Masar"), wani ɓangare na '''Cibiyar Al'adu ta Ƙasa''' ta [[Kairo|Alkahira]], shine babban wurin wasan kwaikwayo a babban birnin [[Misra|Masar]] . Gida ne ga mafi yawan ƙungiyoyin kiɗa na Masar, yana kan yankin kudancin Tsibirin Gezira a [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]], a gundumar Zamalek kusa da tsakiyar birnin Alkahira . == Tarihi == An buɗe gidan wasan opera a ranar 10 ga Oktoba 1988. Kuɗaɗen ginin kyauta ne daga ƙasar [[Japan]] zuwa [[Misra|Masar]] sakamakon ziyarar Shugaba [[Hosni Mubarak]] zuwa Japan a watan Afrilu 1983. An fara ginin a watan Mayu 1985 kuma ya ɗauki tsawon shekaru uku. A watan Oktoban 1988, Shugaba Mubarak da Yarima Tomohito na Mikasa, ƙanin Sarkin Japan, suka buɗe Cibiyar Al'adu ta Ƙasa a Cairo Opera House. Wannan shi ne karo na farko da Japan ta shirya wani wasan kwaikwayo ''na Kabuki'', wani wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya mai farin jini tare da waƙa da rawa, a [[Afirka]] ko kuma ƙasashen Larabawa . Domin karrama Gidan Opera na Cairo, ƙungiyar makaɗa ta London Royal Philharmonic Orchestra ta zaɓi wurin a matsayin wurin da za su yi wasan kwaikwayo na farko a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Afirka a watan Janairun 2007. An ƙirƙiri Gidan Oud na Arabic a harabarsa kafin a ƙaura zuwa wani gini a tsohon garin. === Gidan Opera na Khedivial === [[Fayil:ModernEgypt,_Khedivial_Opera_House,_BAP_25178.jpg|left|thumb|250x250px|Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Khedivial, a shekarar 1869.]] A shekarar 1869, Khedive Ismail ya ba da umarnin gina gidan opera don murnar buɗe [[Suez canal|magudanar ruwa ta Suez]] . Ana kiransa Khedivial (Royal) Opera House kuma an yi nufinsa a matsayin wata alama mai ɗorewa kuma mai ban mamaki ta fasahar wasan kwaikwayo da kiɗa. An gina gidan opera ɗin ne ta hanyar masu zane-zane na Italiya Avoscani da Rossi, kuma an kammala shi cikin watanni shida, a tsakiyar birnin Alkahira kusa da gundumar Azbakya . Khedive ya ba da umarnin yin wasan kwaikwayo wanda zai nuna tarihin Masar na da. Masanin ilmin kayan tarihi na Faransa Auguste Mariette, a cikin hidimar Khedive, ya rubuta wani labari wanda daga ƙarshe ya yi wa shahararren masanin libretti na Italiya Antonio Ghislanzoni aiki a matsayin tushen libretto ɗinsa. An naɗa Giuseppe Verdi don ya tsara waƙar. Sakamakon haka shi ne sanannen opera, ''Aida'', tare da ingancin jarumtakarsa, manyan wuraren wasan kwaikwayo da kuma waƙoƙin da ke da sha'awa. Saboda jinkirin da yaƙin Franco-Prussian ya haifar, ba a iya jigilar kayan da aka shirya don fara bikin ''Aida'' daga Paris a kan lokaci ba, kuma a cikin 1869 aka buɗe gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Opera da ''Rigoletto'' na Verdi, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan Verdi na baya. ''Aida'' za ta sami fara bikin a duniya a Alkahira a 1871. Sabanin ra'ayin gabaɗaya, ba a ba ''Aida'' aikin buɗe mashigar Suez ba. Gidan wasan opera na Khedivial shine na farko a nahiyar Afirka da ya yi wasan opera da kuma manyan wasannin kwaikwayo na symphonic a duniya. == Wurare da kayan aiki == Cibiyar Opera ta Alkahira ta ƙunshi gidajen wasan kwaikwayo guda bakwai, ɗakin karatu na kiɗa, ɗakin adana kayan fasaha da kuma gidan tarihi. [[Fayil:The_ancient_Roman_Amphitheatre_in_Alexandria_(2007-05-005).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Romawa, gundumar Alexandria.]] * Babban Zauren yana ɗaukar mutane 1,200 kuma yana da matakai huɗu, ciki har da kujerun ƙungiyar makaɗa, hawa uku da akwatin shugaban ƙasa. Ana amfani da shi don wasan opera da wasan makaɗa da rawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Main Hall |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218000738/http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=1 |archive-date=18 February 2020 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Ƙaramin Zauren yana ɗaukar mutane har zuwa 500 a hawa ɗaya, ana amfani da shi don kiɗan ɗakin taro da kuma waƙoƙin kade-kade kuma yana iya zama babban ɗakin liyafa don muhimman abubuwan da suka faru. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Small Hall |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=2 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Buɗaɗɗen Sama wani dandamali ne mai siffar murabba'i wanda aka ƙera shi da sauti wanda ake amfani da shi don yin wasan kwaikwayo a waje, kuma yana ɗaukar mutane 600. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Open-Air Theatre |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=3 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331123840/https://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=3 |archive-date=31 March 2022 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na El Gomhouria wani gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne mai kyau da ke kusa da Fadar Abdeen Royal . Yana ƙarƙashin kulawar Gidan Wasan kwaikwayo na Alkahira. <ref>{{Cite web |title=El Gomhouria Theatre |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=4 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Cibiyar Kiɗa ta Larabawa tana da fasahar zamani kuma ta dace sosai don gabatar da ingantattun waƙoƙin Larabawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Arab Music Institute |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=5 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Gidan Wasan kwaikwayo na Alexandria ko Gidan Wasan kwaikwayo na Sayed Darwish <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Alexandria Opera House |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=6 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> * Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Romawa, Alexandria wanda aka gano a shekarar 1963, yana ɗaukar mutane har zuwa 800. Yana da farin marmara, marmara kore, granite ja da mosaic, baka da dutse. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Roman Amphitheatre, Alexandria |url=http://www.cairoopera.org/VenuesDetails.php?id=7 |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Cairo Opera House}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adel Awed |first=Zahraa |last2=Kamel |first2=Seif |title=The Roman Theatre (Odeum) in Alexandria |url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/romantheatre.htm |access-date=15 October 2016 |website=Tour Egypt}}</ref> == Manazarta == p9es5514o4wp02yn1svrx22giudi2fq 0 153100 842469 2026-05-29T13:47:05Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1268944420|Sélingué Dam]]" 842469 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dam din Selingue''' (Faransa: Barrage de Sélingué) madatsar ruwa ce mai laushi tare da ɓangaren nauyi da ke cikin Yankin Sikasso, a kan Kogin Sankarani, ɗaya daga cikin maɓuɓɓugar [[Neja (kogi)|Kogin Neja]] . Yana da muhimmiyar cibiyar samar da makamashi a [[Mali]] wanda madatsar ruwan Manantali a kan [[Kogin Bafing]] ta wuce. Gininsa, a farashin dala miliyan 140, masu goyon baya da yawa ne suka ba da kuɗin. Dam din yana da tsawon mita 2,600 (8,500 da tsawo na mita 23 (75 . {{Sfn|Zwarts|Cissé|Diallo|2005}} Tare da fitar da wutar lantarki na 44 MW, madatsar ruwan tana da fitar da makamashi na kilowatt-hours miliyan 200 a kowace shekara. Dam din yana ba da [[Bamako]], [[Kati, Mali|Kati]], [[Tashar Jirgin Ƙasa Ta Koulikoro|Koulikoro]], [[Ségou]], Fana, Dioïla, Yanfolila da Kalana wutar lantarki. An kawo shi aiki a 1982, kuma an gyara shi tsakanin 1996 da 2001.&nbsp; Rashin riƙe madatsar ruwan ya samar da Tafkin Selingue [[Tafki|na wucin gadi]]. Matsayin ruwa yana da matsakaicin tsawo na mita 349 (1,145 amma ya bambanta a duk shekara. Lokacin da tafkin ya cika yana adana {{Convert|2.2|km3}} cu na ruwa kuma yana da yanki na kilomita 409 (158 sq . {{Sfn|Zwarts|Cissé|Diallo|2005}} Yana ba da damar [[noma]] a kan iyakokin ban ruwa, wanda Ofishin Ci gaban Karkara na Sélingué ke sarrafawa, da kuma kamun kifi.{{Sfn|Knaap|1994}} == Manazarta == joicu62rtjt1ostf1kg5v7vcj5y067d 842470 842469 2026-05-29T13:47:36Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842470 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din Selingue''' (Faransa: Barrage de Sélingué) madatsar ruwa ce mai laushi tare da ɓangaren nauyi da ke cikin Yankin Sikasso, a kan Kogin Sankarani, ɗaya daga cikin maɓuɓɓugar [[Neja (kogi)|Kogin Neja]] . Yana da muhimmiyar cibiyar samar da makamashi a [[Mali]] wanda madatsar ruwan Manantali a kan [[Kogin Bafing]] ta wuce. Gininsa, a farashin dala miliyan 140, masu goyon baya da yawa ne suka ba da kuɗin. Dam din yana da tsawon mita 2,600 (8,500 da tsawo na mita 23 (75 . {{Sfn|Zwarts|Cissé|Diallo|2005}} Tare da fitar da wutar lantarki na 44 MW, madatsar ruwan tana da fitar da makamashi na kilowatt-hours miliyan 200 a kowace shekara. Dam din yana ba da [[Bamako]], [[Kati, Mali|Kati]], [[Tashar Jirgin Ƙasa Ta Koulikoro|Koulikoro]], [[Ségou]], Fana, Dioïla, Yanfolila da Kalana wutar lantarki. An kawo shi aiki a 1982, kuma an gyara shi tsakanin 1996 da 2001.&nbsp; Rashin riƙe madatsar ruwan ya samar da Tafkin Selingue [[Tafki|na wucin gadi]]. Matsayin ruwa yana da matsakaicin tsawo na mita 349 (1,145 amma ya bambanta a duk shekara. Lokacin da tafkin ya cika yana adana {{Convert|2.2|km3}} cu na ruwa kuma yana da yanki na kilomita 409 (158 sq . {{Sfn|Zwarts|Cissé|Diallo|2005}} Yana ba da damar [[noma]] a kan iyakokin ban ruwa, wanda Ofishin Ci gaban Karkara na Sélingué ke sarrafawa, da kuma kamun kifi.{{Sfn|Knaap|1994}} == Manazarta == nnjikqs1xmbtxggkz7xuzxmtxdoxuct 0 153101 842472 2026-05-29T13:50:07Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340806336|All Saints' Cathedral, Cairo]]" 842472 wikitext text/x-wiki An tsarkake cocin '''All Saints' Cathedral''', [[Kairo|Alkahira]] a shekarar 1988 kuma shine gidan Episcopal/Anglican Diocese na [[Misra|Masar]] tare da [[Arewacin Afirka]] da kuma yankin Afirka ta Tsakiya . Babban cocin yana kusa da Otal ɗin Marriott da ke Zamalek, wani yanki na zama na birnin wanda ke kan tsibiri a tsakiyar [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] . [[Farouk of Egypt|Sarki Farouk]] ne ya bayar da gudummawar ginin da filin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=All Saints Cathedral, Zamalek, Cairo, Egypt &#124; Churches & Monasteries &#124; Yellow.com.eg &#124; 5 Micheal Lotfallah St |url=http://www.yellowpages.com.eg/profile/NjEyNjI=/All-Saints-Cathedral.html |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Yellowpages.com.eg}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=eda |url=http://www.eda-egypt.org.uk/pages/cathedral.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130718063755/http://www.eda-egypt.org.uk/pages/cathedral.htm |archive-date=18 July 2013 |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Eda-egypt.org.uk}}</ref> Har ila yau, ginin cocin yana ɗauke da ofisoshin Diocese da Bishop da ayyuka da ayyukansa - ciki har da ƙungiyar agaji ta Diocese EpiscoCare da Refuge Egypt, wadda ke kula da al'ummomin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]] na birnin Alkahira. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Promoting sustainable development in Egypt |url=http://www.episcocare.org |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=EpiscoCare}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=http://www.refuge-egypt.org/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014161658/http://www.refuge-egypt.org/ |archive-date=14 October 2021 |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Refuge-egypt.org}}</ref> Cocin yana ɗauke da majami'u iri-iri - inda majami'un Larabci da Turanci su ne mafi girma, kodayake sauran al'ummomi suna amfani da wurin don ibada. An gina cocin da siminti kuma an tsara shi kamar giciye a ƙasa da kuma kambi a sama. Rufinta yana bayyane a kusa da Zamalek kuma ''Cairo Observer'' ya bayyana shi a matsayin abin tunawa da furen lotus . Masu zane-zanen Masar Dr. Awad Kamel da Selim Kamel ne suka tsara shi, waɗanda suka kuma ƙirƙiri ƙirar Cathedral na Coptic Orthodox na Saint Mark (Cathedral of Abbasiya) na Alkahira. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-01-08 |title=Cairobserver – All Saints Cathedral |url=http://cairobserver.com/post/15473191972/all-saints-cathedral#.UWabzZw9g9_ |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Cairobserver.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-04-15 |title=Cairobserver – Cathedral of Abbasiya: "a masterpiece in the center of Cairo" |url=http://cairobserver.com/post/21147692597/cathedral-of-abbasiya-a-masterpiece-in-the-center-of#.UXEZ-oIna1M |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Cairobserver.com}}</ref> An kammala ginin <ref>{{Cite web |title=History of All Saints Cathedral |url=http://dioceseofegypt.org/explore/egypt/all-saints-cathedral-cairo/history-of-all-saints-cathedral/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029183632/http://dioceseofegypt.org/explore/egypt/all-saints-cathedral-cairo/history-of-all-saints-cathedral/ |archive-date=29 October 2013 |access-date=24 October 2013}}</ref> All Waliyyai a Alkahira a shekarar 1878. An buɗe na biyu a shekarar 1938 kuma an sanya shi a gaban Kogin Nilu da kuma bayan Gidan Tarihi na Masar . An tsara shi ta Adrian Gilbert Scott (jikan Sir George Gilbert Scott ), kuma an rushe shi bayan shekaru 40 don samar da hanya ga [[6 October Bridge|Gadar 6 ga Oktoba]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-01-08 |title=Cairobserver – All Saints Cathedral |url=http://cairobserver.com/post/15473191972/all-saints-cathedral#.UXETp4Ina1M |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Cairobserver.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cairo’s lost cathedral &#124; Grand Hotels of Egypt |url=http://grandhotelsegypt.com/?p=360 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825112001/http://grandhotelsegypt.com/?p=360 |archive-date=25 August 2021 |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Grandhotelsegypt.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Scott, Adrian Gilbert – Dictionary definition of Scott, Adrian Gilbert &#124; Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary |url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O1-ScottAdrianGilbert.html |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Encyclopedia.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == 7zjmq11oor06vqb98muivot8kehf5fv 842474 842472 2026-05-29T13:50:50Z Engineer014 44591 842474 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An tsarkake cocin '''All Saints' Cathedral''', [[Kairo|Alkahira]] a shekarar 1988 kuma shine gidan Episcopal/Anglican Diocese na [[Misra|Masar]] tare da [[Arewacin Afirka]] da kuma yankin Afirka ta Tsakiya . Babban cocin yana kusa da Otal ɗin Marriott da ke Zamalek, wani yanki na zama na birnin wanda ke kan tsibiri a tsakiyar [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] . [[Farouk of Egypt|Sarki Farouk]] ne ya bayar da gudummawar ginin da filin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=All Saints Cathedral, Zamalek, Cairo, Egypt &#124; Churches & Monasteries &#124; Yellow.com.eg &#124; 5 Micheal Lotfallah St |url=http://www.yellowpages.com.eg/profile/NjEyNjI=/All-Saints-Cathedral.html |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Yellowpages.com.eg}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=eda |url=http://www.eda-egypt.org.uk/pages/cathedral.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130718063755/http://www.eda-egypt.org.uk/pages/cathedral.htm |archive-date=18 July 2013 |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Eda-egypt.org.uk}}</ref> Har ila yau, ginin cocin yana ɗauke da ofisoshin Diocese da Bishop da ayyuka da ayyukansa - ciki har da ƙungiyar agaji ta Diocese EpiscoCare da Refuge Egypt, wadda ke kula da al'ummomin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]] na birnin Alkahira. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Promoting sustainable development in Egypt |url=http://www.episcocare.org |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=EpiscoCare}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=http://www.refuge-egypt.org/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014161658/http://www.refuge-egypt.org/ |archive-date=14 October 2021 |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Refuge-egypt.org}}</ref> Cocin yana ɗauke da majami'u iri-iri - inda majami'un Larabci da Turanci su ne mafi girma, kodayake sauran al'ummomi suna amfani da wurin don ibada. An gina cocin da siminti kuma an tsara shi kamar giciye a ƙasa da kuma kambi a sama. Rufinta yana bayyane a kusa da Zamalek kuma ''Cairo Observer'' ya bayyana shi a matsayin abin tunawa da furen lotus . Masu zane-zanen Masar Dr. Awad Kamel da Selim Kamel ne suka tsara shi, waɗanda suka kuma ƙirƙiri ƙirar Cathedral na Coptic Orthodox na Saint Mark (Cathedral of Abbasiya) na Alkahira. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-01-08 |title=Cairobserver – All Saints Cathedral |url=http://cairobserver.com/post/15473191972/all-saints-cathedral#.UWabzZw9g9_ |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Cairobserver.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-04-15 |title=Cairobserver – Cathedral of Abbasiya: "a masterpiece in the center of Cairo" |url=http://cairobserver.com/post/21147692597/cathedral-of-abbasiya-a-masterpiece-in-the-center-of#.UXEZ-oIna1M |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Cairobserver.com}}</ref> An kammala ginin <ref>{{Cite web |title=History of All Saints Cathedral |url=http://dioceseofegypt.org/explore/egypt/all-saints-cathedral-cairo/history-of-all-saints-cathedral/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029183632/http://dioceseofegypt.org/explore/egypt/all-saints-cathedral-cairo/history-of-all-saints-cathedral/ |archive-date=29 October 2013 |access-date=24 October 2013}}</ref> All Waliyyai a Alkahira a shekarar 1878. An buɗe na biyu a shekarar 1938 kuma an sanya shi a gaban Kogin Nilu da kuma bayan Gidan Tarihi na Masar . An tsara shi ta Adrian Gilbert Scott (jikan Sir George Gilbert Scott ), kuma an rushe shi bayan shekaru 40 don samar da hanya ga [[6 October Bridge|Gadar 6 ga Oktoba]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-01-08 |title=Cairobserver – All Saints Cathedral |url=http://cairobserver.com/post/15473191972/all-saints-cathedral#.UXETp4Ina1M |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Cairobserver.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cairo’s lost cathedral &#124; Grand Hotels of Egypt |url=http://grandhotelsegypt.com/?p=360 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825112001/http://grandhotelsegypt.com/?p=360 |archive-date=25 August 2021 |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Grandhotelsegypt.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Scott, Adrian Gilbert – Dictionary definition of Scott, Adrian Gilbert &#124; Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary |url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O1-ScottAdrianGilbert.html |access-date=2013-04-19 |publisher=Encyclopedia.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == iouudhjyy3xmn8qnzxck1aapcd5xu6m 2 153102 842473 2026-05-29T13:50:41Z Najiyasultana 45311 Sabon shafi: {{User info | full name = Najiyasultana }} 842473 wikitext text/x-wiki {{User info | full name = Najiyasultana }} arsov3koskvfp114vrcdp210q52e1p9 0 153103 842475 2026-05-29T13:54:17Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352693613|Zamalek]]" 842475 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zamalek''' ( Arabic , ) yanki ne na ''qism'' (ward) a cikin Gundumar Yamma ( ''hayy gharb'' ) a Yammacin Yankin [[Kairo|Alkahira]], [[Misra|Masar]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Areas |url=http://www.cairo.gov.eg/en/Pages/Region.aspx?ReID=13# |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=cairo.gov.eg}}</ref> Gunduma ce mai wadata a tsibirin da aka yi da mutane wanda a fannin ilimin ƙasa wani ɓangare ne na gabar yamma ta Kogin [[Nil|Nilu]], tare da yanke ''bahr al-a'ama'' (Magudanar Ruwa ta Makafi) a rabin na biyu na ƙarni na 19 don raba shi da gabar yamma. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=2000-12-15 |title=Zamalek |url=http://egy.com/zamalek/00-12-15.php |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=egy.com}}</ref> An gina kashi na uku na arewa zuwa yankin zama. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Central Agency for Public Mobilisation and Statistics (CAPMAS) |year=2017 |title=2017 Census for Population and Housing Conditions |url=https://www.cedejcapmas.org/adws/app/4d5b52dc-669d-11e9-b6a6-975656a88994/index.html |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=CEDEJ-CAPMAS}}</ref> Kashi biyu bisa uku na kudanci galibi filayen wasanni ne da lambuna na jama'a, wani wurin ajiyar kore mai kyau a tsakiyar Alkahira. Tsibirin yana da alaƙa da gabar kogin ta hanyar gadoji huɗu: Gadar Qasr El Nil, Gadar Galaa, Gadar 15 ga Mayu da Gadar 6 ga Oktoba . == Bayani == [[Fayil:Cairo_opera_house.jpg|thumb|Tsibirin Gezira gida ne ga Gidan [[Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Alkahira|Wasan Opera na Alkahira]] .]] An raba tsibirin zuwa kashi ɗaya bisa uku na arewacin ƙasar wanda aka gina shi gaba ɗaya a birane, kuma gabaɗaya ana kiransa '''Zamalek''', kamar sunan da aka sani da sunan kisism na hukuma wanda ya mamaye dukkan tsibirin tun daga 1983. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=1983-01-04 |title=Minister of Interior Decree 2662/1982 |url=https://cc.gov.eg/i/l/154068.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=The Official Gazette |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324223601/https://cc.gov.eg/i/l/154068.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2023 |access-date=24 March 2023}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Areas |url=http://www.cairo.gov.eg/en/Pages/Region.aspx?ReID=13# |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=cairo.gov.eg}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.cairo.gov.eg/en/Pages/Region.aspx?ReID=13# "Areas"]. ''cairo.gov.eg''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Da kuma kashi biyu bisa uku na kudanci, kore waɗanda ke da filayen wasanni, wuraren shakatawa da gundumar al'adu, kumaKashi biyu bisa uku na kudancin Zamalek yanki ne mai launin kore wanda ke da filayen wasanni, wuraren shakatawa da kuma yankin al'adu. Ƙungiyar wasanni ta Gezira Sporting Club da aka fara amfani da ita a zamanin mulkin mallaka ce, <ref>{{Cite web |title=GEZIRA SPORTING CLUB MILESTONES, February 10–17, 1996 |url=http://www.egy.com/zamalek/96-02-10.php |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=egy.com}}</ref> yayin da a tsakiyar filin tseren dawaki take akwai Cibiyar Matasa ta Gezira bayan samun 'yancin kai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=مركز شباب الجزيرة يتألق فى قلب القاهرةعبدالناصر صاحب قرار إنشائه .. والسيسى أعاده إلى الحياة بقرار تطويره |url=https://gate.ahram.org.eg/daily/News/111521/6/382915/رياضة/مركز-شباب-الجزيرة-يتألق-فى-قلب-القاهرةعبدالناصر-صا.aspx |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=الأهرام اليومي |language=ar}}</ref> Zamalek kuma gida ce ga shahararren ƙungiyar wasanni ta Ahly Sporting Club, da kuma ƙungiyar dawaki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=نادي الفروسية بالجزيرة, Zamalek, Cairo Governorate 4270105, Phone +20 2 27382996 |url=https://eg.arabplaces.com/giza/615710 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=eg.arabplaces.com}}</ref> har yanzu ana kiransu da '''Gezira''' (tsibiri mai haske a Larabci), sunan asalin tsibirin <ref>{{Cite web |year=1921 |title=Egyptian Survey Department map of Cairo 1915–1921 |url=https://www.almadaq.net/en/maps/?_cntxt=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}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=2000-12-15 |title=Zamalek |url=http://egy.com/zamalek/00-12-15.php |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=egy.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRafaat2000">Rafaat, Samir (15 December 2000). [http://egy.com/zamalek/00-12-15.php "Zamalek"]. ''egy.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> kamar yadda yake a cikin sunayen cibiyoyi da yawa a can, misali Gezira Sporting Club, Sofitel Cairo Nile El-Gezira Hotel, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sofitel Cairo Nile El Gezirah – Live the french way |url=https://www.sofitel-cairo-nile-elgezirah.com/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Sofitel Cairo Nile El Gezirah}}</ref> da Ofishin 'Yan Sanda na Gezira. <ref>{{Cite web |title=El Gezirah Police Station, Zamalek, Phone and Address {{!}} Ministries & Government Organizations {{!}} Egypt Yellow Pages |url=https://yellowpages.com.eg/en/profile/El-Gezirah-Police-Station/359135 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=yellowpages.com.eg}}</ref> === Zamalek (Arewacin) === Yankin Zamalek na tsibirin wani yanki ne na gidaje da na gudanarwa wanda kusan yanki ne na diflomasiyya tare da akalla ofisoshin jakadanci da ofisoshin jakadanci 52, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Addresses and numbers of all embassies and consulates inside Egypt |url=https://yellowpages.com.eg/en/category/embassies-&-consulates/3330 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=yellowpages.com.eg}}</ref> ban da gidajen jakada da dama da suka ɗauki abin da ya rage daga cikin gidajen sarauta da manyan gidaje na farkon ƙarni na 20, yawancinsu na salon Art Deco ne. Tare da Maadi, Mohandessin, Heliopolis, da Garden City, yana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomin zama mafi wadata a Babban Alkahira, <ref name="History">{{Cite web |title=Zamalek Today |url=http://www.e-dar.com/html/Zamalekhistory.html |access-date=15 June 2010 |website=e-dar.com}}</ref> wani abu da aka nuna ta hanyar auna matsakaicin farashin gidaje a birnin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Aqarmap |title=Aqarmap.Prices Guide.Greater Cairo |url=https://aqarmap.com.eg/en/neighborhood/cairo/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Aqarmap}}</ref> Abin mamaki, gine-ginen gidaje da yawa suna fuskantar gyare-gyare lokaci-lokaci saboda masu gidaje ba sa yin gyare-gyare; dokar kula da haya (Tsohon Hayar) wacce ta ba da damar gina gidaje da yawa na Zamalek su zauna a gidajen Masarawa masu ƙarancin kuɗi da matsakaicin kuɗi duk da tsadar gidaje. Kashi na uku na arewacin tsibirin kuma yana da sha'awar al'adu: tare da ɗakunan tarihi na fasaha, shagunan littattafai da gidajen tarihi, gami da Gidan Tarihi na Ceramics na Musulunci, Fadar Aisha Fahmy/ Cibiyar Fasaha ta Zamalek, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aisha Fahmy Palace {{!}} Cairo, Egypt {{!}} Attractions |url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/egypt/cairo/attractions/aisha-fahmy-palace/a/poi-sig/1579755/355225 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Lonely Planet}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fineart Sector – Art Centers – Art Center in Zamalek |url=http://www.fineart.gov.eg/Eng/musem/Musem.asp?IDS=16 |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=fineart.gov.eg}}</ref> da kuma [[El Sawy Al'adu Wheel|Motar Al'adu ta El Sawy]] . Babban sashen koyar da Fine Arts na Alkahira yana cikin Zamalek, da kuma kwalejin kiɗa ta Conservatoire. Babban ginin Zamalek na farko, [[Fadar Gezirah|Fadar Gezira]] ta 1869, har yanzu yana nan a matsayin wani ɓangare na otal, kuma tsohon kogon sa yanzu shine Lambun Kogon Aquarium mara kifi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Aquarium Grotto Garden |url=http://www.atlasobscura.com/places/the-aquarium-grotto-garden |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Atlas Obscura}}</ref> === Gezira (Sashen Kudu) === An mayar da wani tsohon filin baje kolin da ke kusa da gadar Qasr al-Nil da Galaa a kan lokaci zuwa gundumar al'adu inda babban abin jan hankali shine [[Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Alkahira|Gidan Wasan kwaikwayo na Alkahira]] na zamani. Sauran sun haɗa da Gidan Tarihin Fasaha na Masar na Zamani, Gidan Tarihin Fasaha na Gezira (tarin fasaha daga tsohon dangin sarauta), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gezira Art Museum |url=http://www.fineart.gov.eg/Eng/Musem/Musem.asp?IDS=1 |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=fineart.gov.eg}}</ref> Fadar Fasaha, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fineart Sector – Art Centers – Art Palace |url=http://www.fineart.gov.eg/Eng/musem/Musem.asp?IDS=17 |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=fineart.gov.eg}}</ref> Cibiyar Fasaha ta Hanager, <ref>{{Cite web |title=وزارة الثقافة المصرية {{!}}الخريطة الثقافية |url=http://www.moc.gov.eg/ar/affiliates-list/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D8%B4%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%89/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%81%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86/ |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=moc.gov.eg}}</ref> Laburaren Kiɗa, da kuma Planetarium na Cairo, kodayake ba a daɗe ana amfani da su ba. A gaban filin akwai Gidan Tarihin Mukhtar da Ramses Wissa Wassef ya tsara. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Bulaq_and_Zamalek_in_Cairo,_in_the_c.1800_Environs_du_Kaire_(Cairo)._Plan_général_de_Boulâq,_du_Kaire,_de_l'île_de_Roudah_(el-Rôda),_du_Vieux_Kaire_et_de_Gyzeh_(Jîzah)_(NYPL_b14212718-1268726)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Bulaq da Zamalek (wanda aka ci gaba, kuma aka yi masa lakabi da "Tsibirin Bulaq"), a cikin c.1800 ''Description de l'Égypte'']] A ƙarƙashin Khedive Ismail, an kira tsibirin da "Jardin des Plantes" (Lambun Shuke-shuke), saboda tarin tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki da ake jigilar su daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Mai tsara shimfidar wuri na ƙasar Faransa De la Chevalerie ya tsara tsarin shimfidar wuri na tsibirin, lambuna, da wuraren kiwon shuke-shuke . A gefen gabas an gina wani kiosk don halartar tsibirin da kuma kula da ci gabansa. Duk da cewa an san yankin da "Tsibirin Gezira", wannan ba a san shi ba ga waɗanda ke zaune a Alkahira da yankunan da ke makwabtaka da shi, yawancin Masarawa sun san yankin da "Zamalek". An maye gurbin kiosk ɗin da [[Fadar Gezirah]] a shekarar 1869, wani gidan bazara mai siffar U, wanda {{Interlanguage link|Julius Franz Pasha|de|Julius Franz (Architekt)}} ya tsara. kuma Carl von Diebitsch ya yi wa ado. An gina fadar kuma an fara amfani da ita ga baƙi da suka halarci buɗewar [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]] a shekarar 1869. <ref name="History">{{Cite web |title=Zamalek Today |url=http://www.e-dar.com/html/Zamalekhistory.html |access-date=15 June 2010 |website=e-dar.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.e-dar.com/html/Zamalekhistory.html "Zamalek Today"]. ''e-dar.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Sarki Franz Josef na ɗaya na Austria da Eugénie, Sarauniyar Faransawa wasu daga cikin manyan baƙi ne na fadar. A yau Fadar Gezira ita ce tsakiyar Otal ɗin Marriott na Cairo, tare da rufin gidansa yana da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na waje da ke fuskantar Kogin Nilu. [[Fayil:Zamalek_-_Cairo_(1972).jpg|thumb|208x208px|Titin Zamalek, 1972]] An kuma gina wasu gidajen sarauta a Zamalek, ciki har da fadar Yarima Sa'id Toussoun, wadda yanzu reshe ce ta [[Council of Ministers of Egypt|Majalisar Ministoci]], da kuma Fadar Yarima Amr Ibrahim (1924), wadda yanzu ita ce Gidan Tarihi na Ceramics na Musulunci . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dunn |first=Jimmy |title=Zamalek |url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/zamalek.htm |access-date=8 August 2008 |website=touregypt.net}}</ref> A shekarar 1882, an gina Gezira Sporting Club a yankin kudancin tsibirin. <ref name="Gezira">{{Cite web |last=Raafat |first=Samir |date=17 February 1996 |title=Gezira Sporting Club milestones |url=http://egy.com/zamalek/96-02-10.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615123733/http://www.egy.com/landmarks/96-02-10.shtml <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=15 June 2008 |access-date=8 August 2008 |website=egy.com}}</ref> Daga baya, Kyaftin Stanley Flower na Burtaniya ya gina wani lambun ruwa da aka sani da "Gidan Gona", tare da tarin kifayen Afirka da ba kasafai ake samu ba, a Zamalek. == Manazarta == l4c4mjm9ma9jae9ijrofml0k14uql5o 842476 842475 2026-05-29T13:55:08Z Engineer014 44591 842476 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Zamalek''' ( Arabic , ) yanki ne na ''qism'' (ward) a cikin Gundumar Yamma ( ''hayy gharb'' ) a Yammacin Yankin [[Kairo|Alkahira]], [[Misra|Masar]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Areas |url=http://www.cairo.gov.eg/en/Pages/Region.aspx?ReID=13# |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=cairo.gov.eg}}</ref> Gunduma ce mai wadata a tsibirin da aka yi da mutane wanda a fannin ilimin ƙasa wani ɓangare ne na gabar yamma ta Kogin [[Nil|Nilu]], tare da yanke ''bahr al-a'ama'' (Magudanar Ruwa ta Makafi) a rabin na biyu na ƙarni na 19 don raba shi da gabar yamma. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=2000-12-15 |title=Zamalek |url=http://egy.com/zamalek/00-12-15.php |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=egy.com}}</ref> An gina kashi na uku na arewa zuwa yankin zama. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Central Agency for Public Mobilisation and Statistics (CAPMAS) |year=2017 |title=2017 Census for Population and Housing Conditions |url=https://www.cedejcapmas.org/adws/app/4d5b52dc-669d-11e9-b6a6-975656a88994/index.html |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=CEDEJ-CAPMAS}}</ref> Kashi biyu bisa uku na kudanci galibi filayen wasanni ne da lambuna na jama'a, wani wurin ajiyar kore mai kyau a tsakiyar Alkahira. Tsibirin yana da alaƙa da gabar kogin ta hanyar gadoji huɗu: Gadar Qasr El Nil, Gadar Galaa, Gadar 15 ga Mayu da Gadar 6 ga Oktoba . == Bayani == [[Fayil:Cairo_opera_house.jpg|thumb|Tsibirin Gezira gida ne ga Gidan [[Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Alkahira|Wasan Opera na Alkahira]] .]] An raba tsibirin zuwa kashi ɗaya bisa uku na arewacin ƙasar wanda aka gina shi gaba ɗaya a birane, kuma gabaɗaya ana kiransa '''Zamalek''', kamar sunan da aka sani da sunan kisism na hukuma wanda ya mamaye dukkan tsibirin tun daga 1983. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=1983-01-04 |title=Minister of Interior Decree 2662/1982 |url=https://cc.gov.eg/i/l/154068.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=The Official Gazette |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324223601/https://cc.gov.eg/i/l/154068.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2023 |access-date=24 March 2023}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Areas |url=http://www.cairo.gov.eg/en/Pages/Region.aspx?ReID=13# |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=cairo.gov.eg}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.cairo.gov.eg/en/Pages/Region.aspx?ReID=13# "Areas"]. ''cairo.gov.eg''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Da kuma kashi biyu bisa uku na kudanci, kore waɗanda ke da filayen wasanni, wuraren shakatawa da gundumar al'adu, kumaKashi biyu bisa uku na kudancin Zamalek yanki ne mai launin kore wanda ke da filayen wasanni, wuraren shakatawa da kuma yankin al'adu. Ƙungiyar wasanni ta Gezira Sporting Club da aka fara amfani da ita a zamanin mulkin mallaka ce, <ref>{{Cite web |title=GEZIRA SPORTING CLUB MILESTONES, February 10–17, 1996 |url=http://www.egy.com/zamalek/96-02-10.php |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=egy.com}}</ref> yayin da a tsakiyar filin tseren dawaki take akwai Cibiyar Matasa ta Gezira bayan samun 'yancin kai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=مركز شباب الجزيرة يتألق فى قلب القاهرةعبدالناصر صاحب قرار إنشائه .. والسيسى أعاده إلى الحياة بقرار تطويره |url=https://gate.ahram.org.eg/daily/News/111521/6/382915/رياضة/مركز-شباب-الجزيرة-يتألق-فى-قلب-القاهرةعبدالناصر-صا.aspx |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=الأهرام اليومي |language=ar}}</ref> Zamalek kuma gida ce ga shahararren ƙungiyar wasanni ta Ahly Sporting Club, da kuma ƙungiyar dawaki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=نادي الفروسية بالجزيرة, Zamalek, Cairo Governorate 4270105, Phone +20 2 27382996 |url=https://eg.arabplaces.com/giza/615710 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=eg.arabplaces.com}}</ref> har yanzu ana kiransu da '''Gezira''' (tsibiri mai haske a Larabci), sunan asalin tsibirin <ref>{{Cite web |year=1921 |title=Egyptian Survey Department map of Cairo 1915–1921 |url=https://www.almadaq.net/en/maps/?_cntxt=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}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Rafaat |first=Samir |date=2000-12-15 |title=Zamalek |url=http://egy.com/zamalek/00-12-15.php |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=egy.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRafaat2000">Rafaat, Samir (15 December 2000). [http://egy.com/zamalek/00-12-15.php "Zamalek"]. ''egy.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> kamar yadda yake a cikin sunayen cibiyoyi da yawa a can, misali Gezira Sporting Club, Sofitel Cairo Nile El-Gezira Hotel, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sofitel Cairo Nile El Gezirah – Live the french way |url=https://www.sofitel-cairo-nile-elgezirah.com/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Sofitel Cairo Nile El Gezirah}}</ref> da Ofishin 'Yan Sanda na Gezira. <ref>{{Cite web |title=El Gezirah Police Station, Zamalek, Phone and Address {{!}} Ministries & Government Organizations {{!}} Egypt Yellow Pages |url=https://yellowpages.com.eg/en/profile/El-Gezirah-Police-Station/359135 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=yellowpages.com.eg}}</ref> === Zamalek (Arewacin) === Yankin Zamalek na tsibirin wani yanki ne na gidaje da na gudanarwa wanda kusan yanki ne na diflomasiyya tare da akalla ofisoshin jakadanci da ofisoshin jakadanci 52, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Addresses and numbers of all embassies and consulates inside Egypt |url=https://yellowpages.com.eg/en/category/embassies-&-consulates/3330 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=yellowpages.com.eg}}</ref> ban da gidajen jakada da dama da suka ɗauki abin da ya rage daga cikin gidajen sarauta da manyan gidaje na farkon ƙarni na 20, yawancinsu na salon Art Deco ne. Tare da Maadi, Mohandessin, Heliopolis, da Garden City, yana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomin zama mafi wadata a Babban Alkahira, <ref name="History">{{Cite web |title=Zamalek Today |url=http://www.e-dar.com/html/Zamalekhistory.html |access-date=15 June 2010 |website=e-dar.com}}</ref> wani abu da aka nuna ta hanyar auna matsakaicin farashin gidaje a birnin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Aqarmap |title=Aqarmap.Prices Guide.Greater Cairo |url=https://aqarmap.com.eg/en/neighborhood/cairo/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Aqarmap}}</ref> Abin mamaki, gine-ginen gidaje da yawa suna fuskantar gyare-gyare lokaci-lokaci saboda masu gidaje ba sa yin gyare-gyare; dokar kula da haya (Tsohon Hayar) wacce ta ba da damar gina gidaje da yawa na Zamalek su zauna a gidajen Masarawa masu ƙarancin kuɗi da matsakaicin kuɗi duk da tsadar gidaje. Kashi na uku na arewacin tsibirin kuma yana da sha'awar al'adu: tare da ɗakunan tarihi na fasaha, shagunan littattafai da gidajen tarihi, gami da Gidan Tarihi na Ceramics na Musulunci, Fadar Aisha Fahmy/ Cibiyar Fasaha ta Zamalek, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aisha Fahmy Palace {{!}} Cairo, Egypt {{!}} Attractions |url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/egypt/cairo/attractions/aisha-fahmy-palace/a/poi-sig/1579755/355225 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Lonely Planet}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fineart Sector – Art Centers – Art Center in Zamalek |url=http://www.fineart.gov.eg/Eng/musem/Musem.asp?IDS=16 |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=fineart.gov.eg}}</ref> da kuma [[El Sawy Al'adu Wheel|Motar Al'adu ta El Sawy]] . Babban sashen koyar da Fine Arts na Alkahira yana cikin Zamalek, da kuma kwalejin kiɗa ta Conservatoire. Babban ginin Zamalek na farko, [[Fadar Gezirah|Fadar Gezira]] ta 1869, har yanzu yana nan a matsayin wani ɓangare na otal, kuma tsohon kogon sa yanzu shine Lambun Kogon Aquarium mara kifi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Aquarium Grotto Garden |url=http://www.atlasobscura.com/places/the-aquarium-grotto-garden |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Atlas Obscura}}</ref> === Gezira (Sashen Kudu) === An mayar da wani tsohon filin baje kolin da ke kusa da gadar Qasr al-Nil da Galaa a kan lokaci zuwa gundumar al'adu inda babban abin jan hankali shine [[Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Alkahira|Gidan Wasan kwaikwayo na Alkahira]] na zamani. Sauran sun haɗa da Gidan Tarihin Fasaha na Masar na Zamani, Gidan Tarihin Fasaha na Gezira (tarin fasaha daga tsohon dangin sarauta), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gezira Art Museum |url=http://www.fineart.gov.eg/Eng/Musem/Musem.asp?IDS=1 |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=fineart.gov.eg}}</ref> Fadar Fasaha, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fineart Sector – Art Centers – Art Palace |url=http://www.fineart.gov.eg/Eng/musem/Musem.asp?IDS=17 |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=fineart.gov.eg}}</ref> Cibiyar Fasaha ta Hanager, <ref>{{Cite web |title=وزارة الثقافة المصرية {{!}}الخريطة الثقافية |url=http://www.moc.gov.eg/ar/affiliates-list/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D8%B4%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%89/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%81%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86/ |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=moc.gov.eg}}</ref> Laburaren Kiɗa, da kuma Planetarium na Cairo, kodayake ba a daɗe ana amfani da su ba. A gaban filin akwai Gidan Tarihin Mukhtar da Ramses Wissa Wassef ya tsara. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Bulaq_and_Zamalek_in_Cairo,_in_the_c.1800_Environs_du_Kaire_(Cairo)._Plan_général_de_Boulâq,_du_Kaire,_de_l'île_de_Roudah_(el-Rôda),_du_Vieux_Kaire_et_de_Gyzeh_(Jîzah)_(NYPL_b14212718-1268726)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Bulaq da Zamalek (wanda aka ci gaba, kuma aka yi masa lakabi da "Tsibirin Bulaq"), a cikin c.1800 ''Description de l'Égypte'']] A ƙarƙashin Khedive Ismail, an kira tsibirin da "Jardin des Plantes" (Lambun Shuke-shuke), saboda tarin tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki da ake jigilar su daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Mai tsara shimfidar wuri na ƙasar Faransa De la Chevalerie ya tsara tsarin shimfidar wuri na tsibirin, lambuna, da wuraren kiwon shuke-shuke . A gefen gabas an gina wani kiosk don halartar tsibirin da kuma kula da ci gabansa. Duk da cewa an san yankin da "Tsibirin Gezira", wannan ba a san shi ba ga waɗanda ke zaune a Alkahira da yankunan da ke makwabtaka da shi, yawancin Masarawa sun san yankin da "Zamalek". An maye gurbin kiosk ɗin da [[Fadar Gezirah]] a shekarar 1869, wani gidan bazara mai siffar U, wanda {{Interlanguage link|Julius Franz Pasha|de|Julius Franz (Architekt)}} ya tsara. kuma Carl von Diebitsch ya yi wa ado. An gina fadar kuma an fara amfani da ita ga baƙi da suka halarci buɗewar [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]] a shekarar 1869. <ref name="History">{{Cite web |title=Zamalek Today |url=http://www.e-dar.com/html/Zamalekhistory.html |access-date=15 June 2010 |website=e-dar.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.e-dar.com/html/Zamalekhistory.html "Zamalek Today"]. ''e-dar.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Sarki Franz Josef na ɗaya na Austria da Eugénie, Sarauniyar Faransawa wasu daga cikin manyan baƙi ne na fadar. A yau Fadar Gezira ita ce tsakiyar Otal ɗin Marriott na Cairo, tare da rufin gidansa yana da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na waje da ke fuskantar Kogin Nilu. [[Fayil:Zamalek_-_Cairo_(1972).jpg|thumb|208x208px|Titin Zamalek, 1972]] An kuma gina wasu gidajen sarauta a Zamalek, ciki har da fadar Yarima Sa'id Toussoun, wadda yanzu reshe ce ta [[Council of Ministers of Egypt|Majalisar Ministoci]], da kuma Fadar Yarima Amr Ibrahim (1924), wadda yanzu ita ce Gidan Tarihi na Ceramics na Musulunci . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dunn |first=Jimmy |title=Zamalek |url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/zamalek.htm |access-date=8 August 2008 |website=touregypt.net}}</ref> A shekarar 1882, an gina Gezira Sporting Club a yankin kudancin tsibirin. <ref name="Gezira">{{Cite web |last=Raafat |first=Samir |date=17 February 1996 |title=Gezira Sporting Club milestones |url=http://egy.com/zamalek/96-02-10.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615123733/http://www.egy.com/landmarks/96-02-10.shtml <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=15 June 2008 |access-date=8 August 2008 |website=egy.com}}</ref> Daga baya, Kyaftin Stanley Flower na Burtaniya ya gina wani lambun ruwa da aka sani da "Gidan Gona", tare da tarin kifayen Afirka da ba kasafai ake samu ba, a Zamalek. == Manazarta == ino4dnsnyar8jvu1x7mmi9hj4dgl6vl 0 153104 842477 2026-05-29T13:59:27Z Najiyasultana 45311 Sabon shafi: '''TraceX Labs''' kamfanin cybersecurity na musamman ne da aka kafa a 2025.<ref>https://www.uniindia.com/how-this-indian-startup-tracex-labs-is-addressing-url-based-phishing-risks-for-enterprises/india/news/3759264.html United News of India</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Prasad|first=Sheetal|title=Indian cybersecurity startup develops AI-powered security solutions to protect enterprises and MNCs|language=en-US|work=News24|url=https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurit... 842477 wikitext text/x-wiki '''TraceX Labs''' kamfanin cybersecurity na musamman ne da aka kafa a 2025.<ref>https://www.uniindia.com/how-this-indian-startup-tracex-labs-is-addressing-url-based-phishing-risks-for-enterprises/india/news/3759264.html United News of India</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Prasad|first=Sheetal|title=Indian cybersecurity startup develops AI-powered security solutions to protect enterprises and MNCs|language=en-US|work=News24|url=https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260311132048/https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|archive-date=2026-03-11}}</ref> Tana ba da software da ayyukan binciken hare-haren tsaron kwamfuta, kare daga software mai cutarwa, da kuma nazarin haɗarai na tsaron fasahar aikin waya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Wion |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-18 |title=TraceX Labs Sets New Standards for AI-Powered Cybersecurity in India in 2026 |url=https://english.dainikjagranmpcg.com/business/tracex-labs-sets-new-standards-for-ai-powered-cybersecurity-in-india/article-18725 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.dainikjagranmpcg.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Cybersecurity Startup TraceX Labs Launches “URL X” to Fight Rising Phishing Attacks |url=https://www.ahmedabadmirror.com/indian-cybersecurity-startup-tracex-labs-launches-url-x-to-fight-rising-phishing-attacks/81909271.html |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Ahmedabad Mirror |language=en}}</ref> == See also == * [[Cyber security|Computer security]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} jyecai8evtn3e4d39p42ki1zd7ie2cv 842478 842477 2026-05-29T14:00:29Z Najiyasultana 45311 842478 wikitext text/x-wiki '''TraceX Labs''' kamfanin cybersecurity na musamman ne da aka kafa a 2025.<ref>https://www.uniindia.com/how-this-indian-startup-tracex-labs-is-addressing-url-based-phishing-risks-for-enterprises/india/news/3759264.html United News of India</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Prasad|first=Sheetal|title=Indian cybersecurity startup develops AI-powered security solutions to protect enterprises and MNCs|language=en-US|work=News24|url=https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260311132048/https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|archive-date=2026-03-11}}</ref> Tana ba da software da ayyukan binciken hare-haren tsaron kwamfuta, kare daga software mai cutarwa, da kuma nazarin haɗarai na tsaron fasahar aikin waya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Wion |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-18 |title=TraceX Labs Sets New Standards for AI-Powered Cybersecurity in India in 2026 |url=https://english.dainikjagranmpcg.com/business/tracex-labs-sets-new-standards-for-ai-powered-cybersecurity-in-india/article-18725 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.dainikjagranmpcg.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Cybersecurity Startup TraceX Labs Launches “URL X” to Fight Rising Phishing Attacks |url=https://www.ahmedabadmirror.com/indian-cybersecurity-startup-tracex-labs-launches-url-x-to-fight-rising-phishing-attacks/81909271.html |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Ahmedabad Mirror |language=en}}</ref> == Abubuwan da aka samar == '''TraceX Guard''' aikin tsaron wayar hannu ne mai ƙarfin AI.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2026-01-04|title=The Best Antivirus Software for Mobile Security in 2026|language=en|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260104153119/https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|archive-date=2026-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-08-22|title=Beware! Traffic challan message on WhatsApp could be a malware: Scam spreading rapidly across districts, say officials|work=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/beware-traffic-challan-msg-onwhatsapp-it-could-be-a-malware/articleshow/123438227.cms|access-date=2026-05-25|issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-04-22|title=India's First AI Security App Strengthening National Cyber Safety Against Malicious Apps, QR Fraud, and Phishing Attacks|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-first-ai-security-app-protecting-users-from-malicious-apps-qr-fraud-and-phishing-attacks-242286|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=ವಾರ್ತಾಭಾರತಿ|date=2026-02-18|title=ಡಿಜಿಟಲ್ ಭದ್ರತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹೊಸ ಯುಗ: TraceX Guard AI ಮೊಬೈಲ್ ಸುರಕ್ಷತಾ ಪರಿಹಾರ|url=https://www.varthabharati.in/technology/tracex-guard-ai-mobile-security-digital-safety-india-2115258|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Vartha Bharati|language=kn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lađarević|first=Ana|date=2025-12-18|title=Ove aplikacije za Android otkrivaju da li neko špijunira vaš mobilni telefon|url=https://www.blic.rs/it/ove-aplikacije-za-android-otkrivaju-da-li-ke-spijunira-vas-mobilni-telefon/slvzv6z|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Blic|language=sr}}</ref> '''GEOX AI''' shawarar lissafin sararin samaniya ce da ta dogara da artificial intelligence.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-05-17|title=India's GEOX AI Can Identify Locations From Photos Without GPS Metadata|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-geox-ai-can-identify-locations-from-photos-without-gps-metadata-243634|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=GEOX AI: AI જિયોલોકેશનથી સૈન્ય ઇન્ટેલિજન્સમાં બદલાવ|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/geox-ai-explained-ai-geolocation-20752028494.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Gujarat Samachar|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-04-27|title=राजस्थान के भाइयों का अनूठा इनोवेशन: फोटो-वीडियो देखकर AI बता रहा सटीक लोकेशन, फ्री में कर सकते हैं यूज {{!}} Free Ai Tool To Trace Location From Photo Video Trace X Innovation By Jalore Brothers|url=https://www.patrika.com/udaipur-news/free-ai-tool-to-trace-location-from-photo-video-trace-x-innovation-by-jalore-brothers-20532216|access-date=2026-05-25|website=[[Rajasthan Patrika]]|language=hi}}</ref> '''URL X''' shawarar tsaron URL na kamfani ce mai zaton gano hare-haren phishing da nazarin hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa masu cutarwa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Muddhala|first=Prabhu|date=2026-03-01|title=URL X: TraceX Labs రూపొందించిన AI ఆధారిత భద్రతా వేదిక ఫిషింగ్ దాడులకు రియల్-టైమ్‌లో అడ్డుకట్ట {{!}} URL X by TraceX Labs: AI-Powered Platform Transforming Real-Time Phishing and Malware Protection|url=https://www.tv5news.in/national/url-x-tracex-labs-ai-powered-phishing-and-malware-protection-981035|access-date=2026-05-25|website=TV5 (India)|language=te}}</ref><ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/enterprise-url-security-platform-designed-to-monitor-and-control-url-based-risks Sikkim Express</ref> == Bincike == === Fake ''Cockroach Janta Party'' Android malware === A cikin 2026, bisa ga [https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 WION], TraceX Labs ta bayyana cewa takarda ta ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk'' ta yi aiki ne azaman Android RAT da spyware da aka yada ta WhatsApp da Telegram don satar bayanan mai amfani masu mahimmanci.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Wion|language=en}}</ref> TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike kan aikin Android mai cutarwa da aka bazu a ƙarƙashin suna ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk''.<ref>https://tracexlabs.com/reports/cockroach-janta-party-malware-threat-report-2026.pdf</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' APK Malware Campaign Raises Serious Cybersecurity Concerns in India|url=https://countercurrents.org/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-campaign-raises-serious-cybersecurity-concerns-in-india/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Countercurrents.org|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-24|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat|url=https://thenewsmill.com/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thenewsmill.com|language=en-US}}</ref> A bisa rahoton, an yada aikin ta hanyar [[WhatsApp]] da rukunonin Telegram, kuma yana aiki azaman spyware da remote access trojan (RAT).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cockroach Janta Party APK থেকে Android યુઝર્સને ખતરો: TraceX Labs|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-targeting-android-users-warns-tracex-labs-30174054246.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.gujaratsamachar.com|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=Tech|date=2026-05-22|title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targets Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-malware-warning/cid18722038.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|website=udaipurtimes.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bureau|first=Adgully|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake Cockroach Janta Party apps flagged as critical android malware threat: TraceX Labs report|url=https://www.adgully.com/post/15944/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apps-flagged-as-critical-android-malware-threat-tracex-lab-report|url-status=live|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.adgully.com|language=en}}</ref> Binciken ya bayyana cewa malware ɗin yana amfani da tsarin umarni da kwanciyar hankali na Telegram kuma zai iya satarƙayyadaddun wucewa, lambobin ɗayan-ɗaya, lambobin tulawa,rikodin kira, fayilolin na muhalli, da sauran bayanan na'ura ta hanyar cin hanci na sabis na samun damar Android da cancantattun bango.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Gaurav |date=2026-05-22 |title=TraceX Labs ने "Cockroach Janta Party" Android Malware का किया खुलासा, भारतीय यूजर्स के लिए बड़ा खतरा {{!}} Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targeting Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram |url=https://jantaserishta.com/breaking-news/cockroach-janta-party-android-malware-warning-apk-4727870 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=jantaserishta.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-22 |title=""Cockroach Janta Party" APK Malware Spreading Across India, Android Users Warned |url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/politics/cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-spreading-across-india-android-users-warned-92894 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mumbai Live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2026-05-22 |title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Android वापरकर्त्यांना लक्ष्य करत असल्याचा TraceX Labs चा इशारा |url=https://www.mymahanagar.com/trending/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-android-warning-marathi/986037/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mahanagar (newspaper) |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-28|title=Cockroach Janta Party का 'ऐप' भी आ गया! इंस्टॉल करने की गलती ना करें, है बड़ा झोल|url=https://www.timesnowhindi.com/tech-gadgets/fake-cockroach-janata-party-app-has-also-surfaced-asking-users-for-access-to-their-photo-gallery-article-154417988|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Times Now Navbharat|language=hi}}</ref> == Silicon == === ''Sanchar Saathi'' damuwar kulawa === A cikin 2026, TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike mai ɗaukar damuwa game da sirri da kulawa game da shawarar sanya tilas ''Sanchar Saathi'' aikin wayar hannu da Departimentin Telecom ya haɓaka.<ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/tracex-labs-raises-concerns-over-indias-proposed-sim-binding-mandate-for-messaging-apps</ref> A bisa rahoton, kamfanin ya gargadi cewa sanya tilas aikin da ba a iya cire shi ba mai samun damar identifiers na na'ura, bayanan wurin, da metadata na magana zai iya haifar da zane mai kama da kulawa a kan wayoyin hannu idan an aiwatar da shi ba tare da bayyane ba da kula.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM. Ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori - Financiarul |url=https://financiarul.ro/tehnologie/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=financiarul.ro |language=ro-RO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Matei |first=Cristian |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori |url=https://news24.ro/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=News24 |language=ro-RO}}</ref> Binciken ya kwatanta wasu matsalolin gine-gine game da wannan shawarar da siffofi da aka haɗa da shafukan spyware kamar Pegasus.<ref>{{Cite web |last=desk |first=India Today Technology |date=2025-12-02 |title=Sanchar Saathi new Pegasus spyware? Centre's order on app raises storm |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/sanchar-saathi-pegasus-spyware-centre-order-app-privacy-surveillance-concerns-2829174-2025-12-02 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Giri |first=Sushil |date=2026-03-15 |title=TraceX Labs Warns Sanchar Saathi Mandate Could Create Pegasus-Style Surveillance Architecture {{!}} TraceX Labs raises privacy and security concerns over forced installation of the government telecom |url=https://english.newstrack.com/india-news/tracex-labs-warns-sanchar-saathi-surveillance-concerns-585273 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.newstrack.com |language=en}}</ref> 5z7bqndxawvnywlnwx0672wqx0sd6ex 842480 842478 2026-05-29T14:00:46Z Najiyasultana 45311 842480 wikitext text/x-wiki '''TraceX Labs''' kamfanin cybersecurity na musamman ne da aka kafa a 2025.<ref>https://www.uniindia.com/how-this-indian-startup-tracex-labs-is-addressing-url-based-phishing-risks-for-enterprises/india/news/3759264.html United News of India</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Prasad|first=Sheetal|title=Indian cybersecurity startup develops AI-powered security solutions to protect enterprises and MNCs|language=en-US|work=News24|url=https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260311132048/https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|archive-date=2026-03-11}}</ref> Tana ba da software da ayyukan binciken hare-haren tsaron kwamfuta, kare daga software mai cutarwa, da kuma nazarin haɗarai na tsaron fasahar aikin waya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Wion |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-18 |title=TraceX Labs Sets New Standards for AI-Powered Cybersecurity in India in 2026 |url=https://english.dainikjagranmpcg.com/business/tracex-labs-sets-new-standards-for-ai-powered-cybersecurity-in-india/article-18725 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.dainikjagranmpcg.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Cybersecurity Startup TraceX Labs Launches “URL X” to Fight Rising Phishing Attacks |url=https://www.ahmedabadmirror.com/indian-cybersecurity-startup-tracex-labs-launches-url-x-to-fight-rising-phishing-attacks/81909271.html |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Ahmedabad Mirror |language=en}}</ref> == Abubuwan da aka samar == '''TraceX Guard''' aikin tsaron wayar hannu ne mai ƙarfin AI.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2026-01-04|title=The Best Antivirus Software for Mobile Security in 2026|language=en|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260104153119/https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|archive-date=2026-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-08-22|title=Beware! Traffic challan message on WhatsApp could be a malware: Scam spreading rapidly across districts, say officials|work=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/beware-traffic-challan-msg-onwhatsapp-it-could-be-a-malware/articleshow/123438227.cms|access-date=2026-05-25|issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-04-22|title=India's First AI Security App Strengthening National Cyber Safety Against Malicious Apps, QR Fraud, and Phishing Attacks|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-first-ai-security-app-protecting-users-from-malicious-apps-qr-fraud-and-phishing-attacks-242286|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=ವಾರ್ತಾಭಾರತಿ|date=2026-02-18|title=ಡಿಜಿಟಲ್ ಭದ್ರತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹೊಸ ಯುಗ: TraceX Guard AI ಮೊಬೈಲ್ ಸುರಕ್ಷತಾ ಪರಿಹಾರ|url=https://www.varthabharati.in/technology/tracex-guard-ai-mobile-security-digital-safety-india-2115258|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Vartha Bharati|language=kn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lađarević|first=Ana|date=2025-12-18|title=Ove aplikacije za Android otkrivaju da li neko špijunira vaš mobilni telefon|url=https://www.blic.rs/it/ove-aplikacije-za-android-otkrivaju-da-li-ke-spijunira-vas-mobilni-telefon/slvzv6z|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Blic|language=sr}}</ref> '''GEOX AI''' shawarar lissafin sararin samaniya ce da ta dogara da artificial intelligence.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-05-17|title=India's GEOX AI Can Identify Locations From Photos Without GPS Metadata|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-geox-ai-can-identify-locations-from-photos-without-gps-metadata-243634|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=GEOX AI: AI જિયોલોકેશનથી સૈન્ય ઇન્ટેલિજન્સમાં બદલાવ|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/geox-ai-explained-ai-geolocation-20752028494.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Gujarat Samachar|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-04-27|title=राजस्थान के भाइयों का अनूठा इनोवेशन: फोटो-वीडियो देखकर AI बता रहा सटीक लोकेशन, फ्री में कर सकते हैं यूज {{!}} Free Ai Tool To Trace Location From Photo Video Trace X Innovation By Jalore Brothers|url=https://www.patrika.com/udaipur-news/free-ai-tool-to-trace-location-from-photo-video-trace-x-innovation-by-jalore-brothers-20532216|access-date=2026-05-25|website=[[Rajasthan Patrika]]|language=hi}}</ref> '''URL X''' shawarar tsaron URL na kamfani ce mai zaton gano hare-haren phishing da nazarin hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa masu cutarwa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Muddhala|first=Prabhu|date=2026-03-01|title=URL X: TraceX Labs రూపొందించిన AI ఆధారిత భద్రతా వేదిక ఫిషింగ్ దాడులకు రియల్-టైమ్‌లో అడ్డుకట్ట {{!}} URL X by TraceX Labs: AI-Powered Platform Transforming Real-Time Phishing and Malware Protection|url=https://www.tv5news.in/national/url-x-tracex-labs-ai-powered-phishing-and-malware-protection-981035|access-date=2026-05-25|website=TV5 (India)|language=te}}</ref><ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/enterprise-url-security-platform-designed-to-monitor-and-control-url-based-risks Sikkim Express</ref> == Bincike == === Fake ''Cockroach Janta Party'' Android malware === A cikin 2026, bisa ga [https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 WION], TraceX Labs ta bayyana cewa takarda ta ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk'' ta yi aiki ne azaman Android RAT da spyware da aka yada ta WhatsApp da Telegram don satar bayanan mai amfani masu mahimmanci.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Wion|language=en}}</ref> TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike kan aikin Android mai cutarwa da aka bazu a ƙarƙashin suna ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk''.<ref>https://tracexlabs.com/reports/cockroach-janta-party-malware-threat-report-2026.pdf</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' APK Malware Campaign Raises Serious Cybersecurity Concerns in India|url=https://countercurrents.org/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-campaign-raises-serious-cybersecurity-concerns-in-india/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Countercurrents.org|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-24|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat|url=https://thenewsmill.com/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thenewsmill.com|language=en-US}}</ref> A bisa rahoton, an yada aikin ta hanyar [[WhatsApp]] da rukunonin Telegram, kuma yana aiki azaman spyware da remote access trojan (RAT).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cockroach Janta Party APK থেকে Android યુઝર્સને ખતરો: TraceX Labs|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-targeting-android-users-warns-tracex-labs-30174054246.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.gujaratsamachar.com|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=Tech|date=2026-05-22|title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targets Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-malware-warning/cid18722038.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|website=udaipurtimes.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bureau|first=Adgully|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake Cockroach Janta Party apps flagged as critical android malware threat: TraceX Labs report|url=https://www.adgully.com/post/15944/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apps-flagged-as-critical-android-malware-threat-tracex-lab-report|url-status=live|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.adgully.com|language=en}}</ref> Binciken ya bayyana cewa malware ɗin yana amfani da tsarin umarni da kwanciyar hankali na Telegram kuma zai iya satarƙayyadaddun wucewa, lambobin ɗayan-ɗaya, lambobin tulawa,rikodin kira, fayilolin na muhalli, da sauran bayanan na'ura ta hanyar cin hanci na sabis na samun damar Android da cancantattun bango.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Gaurav |date=2026-05-22 |title=TraceX Labs ने "Cockroach Janta Party" Android Malware का किया खुलासा, भारतीय यूजर्स के लिए बड़ा खतरा {{!}} Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targeting Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram |url=https://jantaserishta.com/breaking-news/cockroach-janta-party-android-malware-warning-apk-4727870 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=jantaserishta.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-22 |title=""Cockroach Janta Party" APK Malware Spreading Across India, Android Users Warned |url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/politics/cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-spreading-across-india-android-users-warned-92894 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mumbai Live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2026-05-22 |title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Android वापरकर्त्यांना लक्ष्य करत असल्याचा TraceX Labs चा इशारा |url=https://www.mymahanagar.com/trending/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-android-warning-marathi/986037/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mahanagar (newspaper) |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-28|title=Cockroach Janta Party का 'ऐप' भी आ गया! इंस्टॉल करने की गलती ना करें, है बड़ा झोल|url=https://www.timesnowhindi.com/tech-gadgets/fake-cockroach-janata-party-app-has-also-surfaced-asking-users-for-access-to-their-photo-gallery-article-154417988|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Times Now Navbharat|language=hi}}</ref> == Silicon == === ''Sanchar Saathi'' damuwar kulawa === A cikin 2026, TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike mai ɗaukar damuwa game da sirri da kulawa game da shawarar sanya tilas ''Sanchar Saathi'' aikin wayar hannu da Departimentin Telecom ya haɓaka.<ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/tracex-labs-raises-concerns-over-indias-proposed-sim-binding-mandate-for-messaging-apps</ref> A bisa rahoton, kamfanin ya gargadi cewa sanya tilas aikin da ba a iya cire shi ba mai samun damar identifiers na na'ura, bayanan wurin, da metadata na magana zai iya haifar da zane mai kama da kulawa a kan wayoyin hannu idan an aiwatar da shi ba tare da bayyane ba da kula.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM. Ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori - Financiarul |url=https://financiarul.ro/tehnologie/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=financiarul.ro |language=ro-RO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Matei |first=Cristian |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori |url=https://news24.ro/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=News24 |language=ro-RO}}</ref> Binciken ya kwatanta wasu matsalolin gine-gine game da wannan shawarar da siffofi da aka haɗa da shafukan spyware kamar Pegasus.<ref>{{Cite web |last=desk |first=India Today Technology |date=2025-12-02 |title=Sanchar Saathi new Pegasus spyware? Centre's order on app raises storm |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/sanchar-saathi-pegasus-spyware-centre-order-app-privacy-surveillance-concerns-2829174-2025-12-02 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Giri |first=Sushil |date=2026-03-15 |title=TraceX Labs Warns Sanchar Saathi Mandate Could Create Pegasus-Style Surveillance Architecture {{!}} TraceX Labs raises privacy and security concerns over forced installation of the government telecom |url=https://english.newstrack.com/india-news/tracex-labs-warns-sanchar-saathi-surveillance-concerns-585273 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.newstrack.com |language=en}}</ref> == See also == * [[Cyber security|Computer security]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} cf4apk9d1dwbbgoeke612jhjuua8gbn 842482 842480 2026-05-29T14:02:17Z Najiyasultana 45311 842482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''TraceX Labs''' kamfanin cybersecurity na musamman ne da aka kafa a 2025.<ref>https://www.uniindia.com/how-this-indian-startup-tracex-labs-is-addressing-url-based-phishing-risks-for-enterprises/india/news/3759264.html United News of India</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Prasad|first=Sheetal|title=Indian cybersecurity startup develops AI-powered security solutions to protect enterprises and MNCs|language=en-US|work=News24|url=https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260311132048/https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|archive-date=2026-03-11}}</ref> Tana ba da software da ayyukan binciken hare-haren tsaron kwamfuta, kare daga software mai cutarwa, da kuma nazarin haɗarai na tsaron fasahar aikin waya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Wion |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-18 |title=TraceX Labs Sets New Standards for AI-Powered Cybersecurity in India in 2026 |url=https://english.dainikjagranmpcg.com/business/tracex-labs-sets-new-standards-for-ai-powered-cybersecurity-in-india/article-18725 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.dainikjagranmpcg.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Cybersecurity Startup TraceX Labs Launches “URL X” to Fight Rising Phishing Attacks |url=https://www.ahmedabadmirror.com/indian-cybersecurity-startup-tracex-labs-launches-url-x-to-fight-rising-phishing-attacks/81909271.html |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Ahmedabad Mirror |language=en}}</ref> == Abubuwan da aka samar == '''TraceX Guard''' aikin tsaron wayar hannu ne mai ƙarfin AI.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2026-01-04|title=The Best Antivirus Software for Mobile Security in 2026|language=en|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260104153119/https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|archive-date=2026-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-08-22|title=Beware! Traffic challan message on WhatsApp could be a malware: Scam spreading rapidly across districts, say officials|work=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/beware-traffic-challan-msg-onwhatsapp-it-could-be-a-malware/articleshow/123438227.cms|access-date=2026-05-25|issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-04-22|title=India's First AI Security App Strengthening National Cyber Safety Against Malicious Apps, QR Fraud, and Phishing Attacks|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-first-ai-security-app-protecting-users-from-malicious-apps-qr-fraud-and-phishing-attacks-242286|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=ವಾರ್ತಾಭಾರತಿ|date=2026-02-18|title=ಡಿಜಿಟಲ್ ಭದ್ರತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹೊಸ ಯುಗ: TraceX Guard AI ಮೊಬೈಲ್ ಸುರಕ್ಷತಾ ಪರಿಹಾರ|url=https://www.varthabharati.in/technology/tracex-guard-ai-mobile-security-digital-safety-india-2115258|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Vartha Bharati|language=kn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lađarević|first=Ana|date=2025-12-18|title=Ove aplikacije za Android otkrivaju da li neko špijunira vaš mobilni telefon|url=https://www.blic.rs/it/ove-aplikacije-za-android-otkrivaju-da-li-ke-spijunira-vas-mobilni-telefon/slvzv6z|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Blic|language=sr}}</ref> '''GEOX AI''' shawarar lissafin sararin samaniya ce da ta dogara da artificial intelligence.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-05-17|title=India's GEOX AI Can Identify Locations From Photos Without GPS Metadata|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-geox-ai-can-identify-locations-from-photos-without-gps-metadata-243634|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=GEOX AI: AI જિયોલોકેશનથી સૈન્ય ઇન્ટેલિજન્સમાં બદલાવ|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/geox-ai-explained-ai-geolocation-20752028494.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Gujarat Samachar|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-04-27|title=राजस्थान के भाइयों का अनूठा इनोवेशन: फोटो-वीडियो देखकर AI बता रहा सटीक लोकेशन, फ्री में कर सकते हैं यूज {{!}} Free Ai Tool To Trace Location From Photo Video Trace X Innovation By Jalore Brothers|url=https://www.patrika.com/udaipur-news/free-ai-tool-to-trace-location-from-photo-video-trace-x-innovation-by-jalore-brothers-20532216|access-date=2026-05-25|website=[[Rajasthan Patrika]]|language=hi}}</ref> '''URL X''' shawarar tsaron URL na kamfani ce mai zaton gano hare-haren phishing da nazarin hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa masu cutarwa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Muddhala|first=Prabhu|date=2026-03-01|title=URL X: TraceX Labs రూపొందించిన AI ఆధారిత భద్రతా వేదిక ఫిషింగ్ దాడులకు రియల్-టైమ్‌లో అడ్డుకట్ట {{!}} URL X by TraceX Labs: AI-Powered Platform Transforming Real-Time Phishing and Malware Protection|url=https://www.tv5news.in/national/url-x-tracex-labs-ai-powered-phishing-and-malware-protection-981035|access-date=2026-05-25|website=TV5 (India)|language=te}}</ref><ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/enterprise-url-security-platform-designed-to-monitor-and-control-url-based-risks Sikkim Express</ref> == Bincike == === Fake ''Cockroach Janta Party'' Android malware === A cikin 2026, bisa ga [https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 WION], TraceX Labs ta bayyana cewa takarda ta ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk'' ta yi aiki ne azaman Android RAT da spyware da aka yada ta WhatsApp da Telegram don satar bayanan mai amfani masu mahimmanci.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Wion|language=en}}</ref> TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike kan aikin Android mai cutarwa da aka bazu a ƙarƙashin suna ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk''.<ref>https://tracexlabs.com/reports/cockroach-janta-party-malware-threat-report-2026.pdf</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' APK Malware Campaign Raises Serious Cybersecurity Concerns in India|url=https://countercurrents.org/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-campaign-raises-serious-cybersecurity-concerns-in-india/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Countercurrents.org|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-24|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat|url=https://thenewsmill.com/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thenewsmill.com|language=en-US}}</ref> A bisa rahoton, an yada aikin ta hanyar [[WhatsApp]] da rukunonin Telegram, kuma yana aiki azaman spyware da remote access trojan (RAT).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cockroach Janta Party APK থেকে Android યુઝર્સને ખતરો: TraceX Labs|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-targeting-android-users-warns-tracex-labs-30174054246.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.gujaratsamachar.com|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=Tech|date=2026-05-22|title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targets Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-malware-warning/cid18722038.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|website=udaipurtimes.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bureau|first=Adgully|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake Cockroach Janta Party apps flagged as critical android malware threat: TraceX Labs report|url=https://www.adgully.com/post/15944/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apps-flagged-as-critical-android-malware-threat-tracex-lab-report|url-status=live|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.adgully.com|language=en}}</ref> Binciken ya bayyana cewa malware ɗin yana amfani da tsarin umarni da kwanciyar hankali na Telegram kuma zai iya satarƙayyadaddun wucewa, lambobin ɗayan-ɗaya, lambobin tulawa,rikodin kira, fayilolin na muhalli, da sauran bayanan na'ura ta hanyar cin hanci na sabis na samun damar Android da cancantattun bango.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Gaurav |date=2026-05-22 |title=TraceX Labs ने "Cockroach Janta Party" Android Malware का किया खुलासा, भारतीय यूजर्स के लिए बड़ा खतरा {{!}} Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targeting Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram |url=https://jantaserishta.com/breaking-news/cockroach-janta-party-android-malware-warning-apk-4727870 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=jantaserishta.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-22 |title=""Cockroach Janta Party" APK Malware Spreading Across India, Android Users Warned |url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/politics/cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-spreading-across-india-android-users-warned-92894 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mumbai Live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2026-05-22 |title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Android वापरकर्त्यांना लक्ष्य करत असल्याचा TraceX Labs चा इशारा |url=https://www.mymahanagar.com/trending/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-android-warning-marathi/986037/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mahanagar (newspaper) |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-28|title=Cockroach Janta Party का 'ऐप' भी आ गया! इंस्टॉल करने की गलती ना करें, है बड़ा झोल|url=https://www.timesnowhindi.com/tech-gadgets/fake-cockroach-janata-party-app-has-also-surfaced-asking-users-for-access-to-their-photo-gallery-article-154417988|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Times Now Navbharat|language=hi}}</ref> == Silicon == === ''Sanchar Saathi'' damuwar kulawa === A cikin 2026, TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike mai ɗaukar damuwa game da sirri da kulawa game da shawarar sanya tilas ''Sanchar Saathi'' aikin wayar hannu da Departimentin Telecom ya haɓaka.<ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/tracex-labs-raises-concerns-over-indias-proposed-sim-binding-mandate-for-messaging-apps</ref> A bisa rahoton, kamfanin ya gargadi cewa sanya tilas aikin da ba a iya cire shi ba mai samun damar identifiers na na'ura, bayanan wurin, da metadata na magana zai iya haifar da zane mai kama da kulawa a kan wayoyin hannu idan an aiwatar da shi ba tare da bayyane ba da kula.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM. Ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori - Financiarul |url=https://financiarul.ro/tehnologie/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=financiarul.ro |language=ro-RO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Matei |first=Cristian |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori |url=https://news24.ro/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=News24 |language=ro-RO}}</ref> Binciken ya kwatanta wasu matsalolin gine-gine game da wannan shawarar da siffofi da aka haɗa da shafukan spyware kamar Pegasus.<ref>{{Cite web |last=desk |first=India Today Technology |date=2025-12-02 |title=Sanchar Saathi new Pegasus spyware? Centre's order on app raises storm |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/sanchar-saathi-pegasus-spyware-centre-order-app-privacy-surveillance-concerns-2829174-2025-12-02 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Giri |first=Sushil |date=2026-03-15 |title=TraceX Labs Warns Sanchar Saathi Mandate Could Create Pegasus-Style Surveillance Architecture {{!}} TraceX Labs raises privacy and security concerns over forced installation of the government telecom |url=https://english.newstrack.com/india-news/tracex-labs-warns-sanchar-saathi-surveillance-concerns-585273 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.newstrack.com |language=en}}</ref> == See also == * [[Cyber security|Computer security]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} avl6m4c8by1iqc70blj6w2x2xmv8h2v 842485 842482 2026-05-29T14:25:38Z Godsgrace007 45313 842485 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''TraceX Labs''' kamfanin [[Cyber security|cybersecurity]] na musamman ne da aka kafa a 2025.<ref>https://www.uniindia.com/how-this-indian-startup-tracex-labs-is-addressing-url-based-phishing-risks-for-enterprises/india/news/3759264.html United News of India</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Prasad|first=Sheetal|title=Indian cybersecurity startup develops AI-powered security solutions to protect enterprises and MNCs|language=en-US|work=News24|url=https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260311132048/https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|archive-date=2026-03-11}}</ref> Tana ba da software da ayyukan binciken hare-haren tsaron kwamfuta, kare daga software mai cutarwa, da kuma nazarin haɗarai na tsaron fasahar aikin waya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Wion |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-18 |title=TraceX Labs Sets New Standards for AI-Powered Cybersecurity in India in 2026 |url=https://english.dainikjagranmpcg.com/business/tracex-labs-sets-new-standards-for-ai-powered-cybersecurity-in-india/article-18725 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.dainikjagranmpcg.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Cybersecurity Startup TraceX Labs Launches “URL X” to Fight Rising Phishing Attacks |url=https://www.ahmedabadmirror.com/indian-cybersecurity-startup-tracex-labs-launches-url-x-to-fight-rising-phishing-attacks/81909271.html |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Ahmedabad Mirror |language=en}}</ref> == Abubuwan da aka samar == '''TraceX Guard''' aikin tsaron wayar hannu ne mai ƙarfin AI.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2026-01-04|title=The Best Antivirus Software for Mobile Security in 2026|language=en|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260104153119/https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|archive-date=2026-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-08-22|title=Beware! Traffic challan message on WhatsApp could be a malware: Scam spreading rapidly across districts, say officials|work=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/beware-traffic-challan-msg-onwhatsapp-it-could-be-a-malware/articleshow/123438227.cms|access-date=2026-05-25|issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-04-22|title=India's First AI Security App Strengthening National Cyber Safety Against Malicious Apps, QR Fraud, and Phishing Attacks|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-first-ai-security-app-protecting-users-from-malicious-apps-qr-fraud-and-phishing-attacks-242286|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=ವಾರ್ತಾಭಾರತಿ|date=2026-02-18|title=ಡಿಜಿಟಲ್ ಭದ್ರತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹೊಸ ಯುಗ: TraceX Guard AI ಮೊಬೈಲ್ ಸುರಕ್ಷತಾ ಪರಿಹಾರ|url=https://www.varthabharati.in/technology/tracex-guard-ai-mobile-security-digital-safety-india-2115258|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Vartha Bharati|language=kn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lađarević|first=Ana|date=2025-12-18|title=Ove aplikacije za Android otkrivaju da li neko špijunira vaš mobilni telefon|url=https://www.blic.rs/it/ove-aplikacije-za-android-otkrivaju-da-li-ke-spijunira-vas-mobilni-telefon/slvzv6z|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Blic|language=sr}}</ref> '''GEOX AI''' shawarar lissafin sararin samaniya ce da ta dogara da artificial intelligence.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-05-17|title=India's GEOX AI Can Identify Locations From Photos Without GPS Metadata|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-geox-ai-can-identify-locations-from-photos-without-gps-metadata-243634|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=GEOX AI: AI જિયોલોકેશનથી સૈન્ય ઇન્ટેલિજન્સમાં બદલાવ|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/geox-ai-explained-ai-geolocation-20752028494.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Gujarat Samachar|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-04-27|title=राजस्थान के भाइयों का अनूठा इनोवेशन: फोटो-वीडियो देखकर AI बता रहा सटीक लोकेशन, फ्री में कर सकते हैं यूज {{!}} Free Ai Tool To Trace Location From Photo Video Trace X Innovation By Jalore Brothers|url=https://www.patrika.com/udaipur-news/free-ai-tool-to-trace-location-from-photo-video-trace-x-innovation-by-jalore-brothers-20532216|access-date=2026-05-25|website=[[Rajasthan Patrika]]|language=hi}}</ref> '''URL X''' shawarar tsaron URL na kamfani ce mai zaton gano hare-haren phishing da nazarin hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa masu cutarwa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Muddhala|first=Prabhu|date=2026-03-01|title=URL X: TraceX Labs రూపొందించిన AI ఆధారిత భద్రతా వేదిక ఫిషింగ్ దాడులకు రియల్-టైమ్‌లో అడ్డుకట్ట {{!}} URL X by TraceX Labs: AI-Powered Platform Transforming Real-Time Phishing and Malware Protection|url=https://www.tv5news.in/national/url-x-tracex-labs-ai-powered-phishing-and-malware-protection-981035|access-date=2026-05-25|website=TV5 (India)|language=te}}</ref><ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/enterprise-url-security-platform-designed-to-monitor-and-control-url-based-risks Sikkim Express</ref> == Bincike == === Fake ''Cockroach Janta Party'' Android malware === A cikin 2026, bisa ga [https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 WION], TraceX Labs ta bayyana cewa takarda ta ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk'' ta yi aiki ne azaman Android RAT da spyware da aka yada ta WhatsApp da Telegram don satar bayanan mai amfani masu mahimmanci.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Wion|language=en}}</ref> TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike kan aikin Android mai cutarwa da aka bazu a ƙarƙashin suna ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk''.<ref>https://tracexlabs.com/reports/cockroach-janta-party-malware-threat-report-2026.pdf</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' APK Malware Campaign Raises Serious Cybersecurity Concerns in India|url=https://countercurrents.org/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-campaign-raises-serious-cybersecurity-concerns-in-india/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Countercurrents.org|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-24|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat|url=https://thenewsmill.com/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thenewsmill.com|language=en-US}}</ref> A bisa rahoton, an yada aikin ta hanyar [[WhatsApp]] da rukunonin Telegram, kuma yana aiki azaman spyware da remote access trojan (RAT).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cockroach Janta Party APK থেকে Android યુઝર્સને ખતરો: TraceX Labs|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-targeting-android-users-warns-tracex-labs-30174054246.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.gujaratsamachar.com|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=Tech|date=2026-05-22|title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targets Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-malware-warning/cid18722038.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|website=udaipurtimes.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bureau|first=Adgully|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake Cockroach Janta Party apps flagged as critical android malware threat: TraceX Labs report|url=https://www.adgully.com/post/15944/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apps-flagged-as-critical-android-malware-threat-tracex-lab-report|url-status=live|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.adgully.com|language=en}}</ref> Binciken ya bayyana cewa malware ɗin yana amfani da tsarin umarni da kwanciyar hankali na Telegram kuma zai iya satarƙayyadaddun wucewa, lambobin ɗayan-ɗaya, lambobin tulawa,rikodin kira, fayilolin na muhalli, da sauran bayanan na'ura ta hanyar cin hanci na sabis na samun damar Android da cancantattun bango.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Gaurav |date=2026-05-22 |title=TraceX Labs ने "Cockroach Janta Party" Android Malware का किया खुलासा, भारतीय यूजर्स के लिए बड़ा खतरा {{!}} Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targeting Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram |url=https://jantaserishta.com/breaking-news/cockroach-janta-party-android-malware-warning-apk-4727870 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=jantaserishta.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-22 |title=""Cockroach Janta Party" APK Malware Spreading Across India, Android Users Warned |url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/politics/cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-spreading-across-india-android-users-warned-92894 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mumbai Live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2026-05-22 |title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Android वापरकर्त्यांना लक्ष्य करत असल्याचा TraceX Labs चा इशारा |url=https://www.mymahanagar.com/trending/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-android-warning-marathi/986037/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mahanagar (newspaper) |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-28|title=Cockroach Janta Party का 'ऐप' भी आ गया! इंस्टॉल करने की गलती ना करें, है बड़ा झोल|url=https://www.timesnowhindi.com/tech-gadgets/fake-cockroach-janata-party-app-has-also-surfaced-asking-users-for-access-to-their-photo-gallery-article-154417988|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Times Now Navbharat|language=hi}}</ref> == Silicon == === ''Sanchar Saathi'' damuwar kulawa === A cikin 2026, TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike mai ɗaukar damuwa game da sirri da kulawa game da shawarar sanya tilas ''Sanchar Saathi'' aikin wayar hannu da Departimentin Telecom ya haɓaka.<ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/tracex-labs-raises-concerns-over-indias-proposed-sim-binding-mandate-for-messaging-apps</ref> A bisa rahoton, kamfanin ya gargadi cewa sanya tilas aikin da ba a iya cire shi ba mai samun damar identifiers na na'ura, bayanan wurin, da metadata na magana zai iya haifar da zane mai kama da kulawa a kan wayoyin hannu idan an aiwatar da shi ba tare da bayyane ba da kula.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM. Ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori - Financiarul |url=https://financiarul.ro/tehnologie/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=financiarul.ro |language=ro-RO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Matei |first=Cristian |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori |url=https://news24.ro/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=News24 |language=ro-RO}}</ref> Binciken ya kwatanta wasu matsalolin gine-gine game da wannan shawarar da siffofi da aka haɗa da shafukan spyware kamar Pegasus.<ref>{{Cite web |last=desk |first=India Today Technology |date=2025-12-02 |title=Sanchar Saathi new Pegasus spyware? Centre's order on app raises storm |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/sanchar-saathi-pegasus-spyware-centre-order-app-privacy-surveillance-concerns-2829174-2025-12-02 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Giri |first=Sushil |date=2026-03-15 |title=TraceX Labs Warns Sanchar Saathi Mandate Could Create Pegasus-Style Surveillance Architecture {{!}} TraceX Labs raises privacy and security concerns over forced installation of the government telecom |url=https://english.newstrack.com/india-news/tracex-labs-warns-sanchar-saathi-surveillance-concerns-585273 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.newstrack.com |language=en}}</ref> == See also == * [[Cyber security|Computer security]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} ac2iyipu5yc35ca61uwjwjqr81wwxjq 842493 842485 2026-05-29T15:12:12Z Barras 1258 Requesting speedy deletion with rationale "crosswiki spam and socking". (TwinkleGlobal) 842493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Gogewa|1=crosswiki spam and socking}} {{Databox}}'''TraceX Labs''' kamfanin [[Cyber security|cybersecurity]] na musamman ne da aka kafa a 2025.<ref>https://www.uniindia.com/how-this-indian-startup-tracex-labs-is-addressing-url-based-phishing-risks-for-enterprises/india/news/3759264.html United News of India</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Prasad|first=Sheetal|title=Indian cybersecurity startup develops AI-powered security solutions to protect enterprises and MNCs|language=en-US|work=News24|url=https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260311132048/https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|archive-date=2026-03-11}}</ref> Tana ba da software da ayyukan binciken hare-haren tsaron kwamfuta, kare daga software mai cutarwa, da kuma nazarin haɗarai na tsaron fasahar aikin waya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Wion |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-18 |title=TraceX Labs Sets New Standards for AI-Powered Cybersecurity in India in 2026 |url=https://english.dainikjagranmpcg.com/business/tracex-labs-sets-new-standards-for-ai-powered-cybersecurity-in-india/article-18725 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.dainikjagranmpcg.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Cybersecurity Startup TraceX Labs Launches “URL X” to Fight Rising Phishing Attacks |url=https://www.ahmedabadmirror.com/indian-cybersecurity-startup-tracex-labs-launches-url-x-to-fight-rising-phishing-attacks/81909271.html |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Ahmedabad Mirror |language=en}}</ref> == Abubuwan da aka samar == '''TraceX Guard''' aikin tsaron wayar hannu ne mai ƙarfin AI.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2026-01-04|title=The Best Antivirus Software for Mobile Security in 2026|language=en|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260104153119/https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|archive-date=2026-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-08-22|title=Beware! Traffic challan message on WhatsApp could be a malware: Scam spreading rapidly across districts, say officials|work=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/beware-traffic-challan-msg-onwhatsapp-it-could-be-a-malware/articleshow/123438227.cms|access-date=2026-05-25|issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-04-22|title=India's First AI Security App Strengthening National Cyber Safety Against Malicious Apps, QR Fraud, and Phishing Attacks|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-first-ai-security-app-protecting-users-from-malicious-apps-qr-fraud-and-phishing-attacks-242286|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=ವಾರ್ತಾಭಾರತಿ|date=2026-02-18|title=ಡಿಜಿಟಲ್ ಭದ್ರತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹೊಸ ಯುಗ: TraceX Guard AI ಮೊಬೈಲ್ ಸುರಕ್ಷತಾ ಪರಿಹಾರ|url=https://www.varthabharati.in/technology/tracex-guard-ai-mobile-security-digital-safety-india-2115258|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Vartha Bharati|language=kn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lađarević|first=Ana|date=2025-12-18|title=Ove aplikacije za Android otkrivaju da li neko špijunira vaš mobilni telefon|url=https://www.blic.rs/it/ove-aplikacije-za-android-otkrivaju-da-li-ke-spijunira-vas-mobilni-telefon/slvzv6z|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Blic|language=sr}}</ref> '''GEOX AI''' shawarar lissafin sararin samaniya ce da ta dogara da artificial intelligence.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-05-17|title=India's GEOX AI Can Identify Locations From Photos Without GPS Metadata|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-geox-ai-can-identify-locations-from-photos-without-gps-metadata-243634|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=GEOX AI: AI જિયોલોકેશનથી સૈન્ય ઇન્ટેલિજન્સમાં બદલાવ|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/geox-ai-explained-ai-geolocation-20752028494.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Gujarat Samachar|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-04-27|title=राजस्थान के भाइयों का अनूठा इनोवेशन: फोटो-वीडियो देखकर AI बता रहा सटीक लोकेशन, फ्री में कर सकते हैं यूज {{!}} Free Ai Tool To Trace Location From Photo Video Trace X Innovation By Jalore Brothers|url=https://www.patrika.com/udaipur-news/free-ai-tool-to-trace-location-from-photo-video-trace-x-innovation-by-jalore-brothers-20532216|access-date=2026-05-25|website=[[Rajasthan Patrika]]|language=hi}}</ref> '''URL X''' shawarar tsaron URL na kamfani ce mai zaton gano hare-haren phishing da nazarin hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa masu cutarwa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Muddhala|first=Prabhu|date=2026-03-01|title=URL X: TraceX Labs రూపొందించిన AI ఆధారిత భద్రతా వేదిక ఫిషింగ్ దాడులకు రియల్-టైమ్‌లో అడ్డుకట్ట {{!}} URL X by TraceX Labs: AI-Powered Platform Transforming Real-Time Phishing and Malware Protection|url=https://www.tv5news.in/national/url-x-tracex-labs-ai-powered-phishing-and-malware-protection-981035|access-date=2026-05-25|website=TV5 (India)|language=te}}</ref><ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/enterprise-url-security-platform-designed-to-monitor-and-control-url-based-risks Sikkim Express</ref> == Bincike == === Fake ''Cockroach Janta Party'' Android malware === A cikin 2026, bisa ga [https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 WION], TraceX Labs ta bayyana cewa takarda ta ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk'' ta yi aiki ne azaman Android RAT da spyware da aka yada ta WhatsApp da Telegram don satar bayanan mai amfani masu mahimmanci.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Wion|language=en}}</ref> TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike kan aikin Android mai cutarwa da aka bazu a ƙarƙashin suna ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk''.<ref>https://tracexlabs.com/reports/cockroach-janta-party-malware-threat-report-2026.pdf</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' APK Malware Campaign Raises Serious Cybersecurity Concerns in India|url=https://countercurrents.org/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-campaign-raises-serious-cybersecurity-concerns-in-india/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Countercurrents.org|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-24|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat|url=https://thenewsmill.com/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thenewsmill.com|language=en-US}}</ref> A bisa rahoton, an yada aikin ta hanyar [[WhatsApp]] da rukunonin Telegram, kuma yana aiki azaman spyware da remote access trojan (RAT).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cockroach Janta Party APK থেকে Android યુઝર્સને ખતરો: TraceX Labs|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-targeting-android-users-warns-tracex-labs-30174054246.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.gujaratsamachar.com|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=Tech|date=2026-05-22|title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targets Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-malware-warning/cid18722038.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|website=udaipurtimes.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bureau|first=Adgully|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake Cockroach Janta Party apps flagged as critical android malware threat: TraceX Labs report|url=https://www.adgully.com/post/15944/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apps-flagged-as-critical-android-malware-threat-tracex-lab-report|url-status=live|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.adgully.com|language=en}}</ref> Binciken ya bayyana cewa malware ɗin yana amfani da tsarin umarni da kwanciyar hankali na Telegram kuma zai iya satarƙayyadaddun wucewa, lambobin ɗayan-ɗaya, lambobin tulawa,rikodin kira, fayilolin na muhalli, da sauran bayanan na'ura ta hanyar cin hanci na sabis na samun damar Android da cancantattun bango.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Gaurav |date=2026-05-22 |title=TraceX Labs ने "Cockroach Janta Party" Android Malware का किया खुलासा, भारतीय यूजर्स के लिए बड़ा खतरा {{!}} Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targeting Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram |url=https://jantaserishta.com/breaking-news/cockroach-janta-party-android-malware-warning-apk-4727870 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=jantaserishta.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-22 |title=""Cockroach Janta Party" APK Malware Spreading Across India, Android Users Warned |url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/politics/cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-spreading-across-india-android-users-warned-92894 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mumbai Live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2026-05-22 |title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Android वापरकर्त्यांना लक्ष्य करत असल्याचा TraceX Labs चा इशारा |url=https://www.mymahanagar.com/trending/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-android-warning-marathi/986037/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mahanagar (newspaper) |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-28|title=Cockroach Janta Party का 'ऐप' भी आ गया! इंस्टॉल करने की गलती ना करें, है बड़ा झोल|url=https://www.timesnowhindi.com/tech-gadgets/fake-cockroach-janata-party-app-has-also-surfaced-asking-users-for-access-to-their-photo-gallery-article-154417988|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Times Now Navbharat|language=hi}}</ref> == Silicon == === ''Sanchar Saathi'' damuwar kulawa === A cikin 2026, TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike mai ɗaukar damuwa game da sirri da kulawa game da shawarar sanya tilas ''Sanchar Saathi'' aikin wayar hannu da Departimentin Telecom ya haɓaka.<ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/tracex-labs-raises-concerns-over-indias-proposed-sim-binding-mandate-for-messaging-apps</ref> A bisa rahoton, kamfanin ya gargadi cewa sanya tilas aikin da ba a iya cire shi ba mai samun damar identifiers na na'ura, bayanan wurin, da metadata na magana zai iya haifar da zane mai kama da kulawa a kan wayoyin hannu idan an aiwatar da shi ba tare da bayyane ba da kula.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM. Ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori - Financiarul |url=https://financiarul.ro/tehnologie/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=financiarul.ro |language=ro-RO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Matei |first=Cristian |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori |url=https://news24.ro/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=News24 |language=ro-RO}}</ref> Binciken ya kwatanta wasu matsalolin gine-gine game da wannan shawarar da siffofi da aka haɗa da shafukan spyware kamar Pegasus.<ref>{{Cite web |last=desk |first=India Today Technology |date=2025-12-02 |title=Sanchar Saathi new Pegasus spyware? Centre's order on app raises storm |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/sanchar-saathi-pegasus-spyware-centre-order-app-privacy-surveillance-concerns-2829174-2025-12-02 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Giri |first=Sushil |date=2026-03-15 |title=TraceX Labs Warns Sanchar Saathi Mandate Could Create Pegasus-Style Surveillance Architecture {{!}} TraceX Labs raises privacy and security concerns over forced installation of the government telecom |url=https://english.newstrack.com/india-news/tracex-labs-warns-sanchar-saathi-surveillance-concerns-585273 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.newstrack.com |language=en}}</ref> == See also == * [[Cyber security|Computer security]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} lbrsusn69wl59m7gb5w2zc2b6f5qcku 843278 842493 2026-05-30T09:42:26Z ~2026-32204-69 45339 Add reference 843278 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''TraceX Labs''' kamfanin [[Cyber security|cybersecurity]] na musamman ne da aka kafa a 2025.<ref>https://www.uniindia.com/how-this-indian-startup-tracex-labs-is-addressing-url-based-phishing-risks-for-enterprises/india/news/3759264.html United News of India</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Prasad|first=Sheetal|title=Indian cybersecurity startup develops AI-powered security solutions to protect enterprises and MNCs|language=en-US|work=News24|url=https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260311132048/https://news24online.com/information/indian-cybersecurity-startup-develops-ai-powered-security-solutions-to-protect-enterprises-and-mncs/772099/|archive-date=2026-03-11}}</ref> Tana ba da software da ayyukan binciken hare-haren tsaron kwamfuta, kare daga software mai cutarwa, da kuma nazarin haɗarai na tsaron fasahar aikin waya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Wion |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-18 |title=TraceX Labs Sets New Standards for AI-Powered Cybersecurity in India in 2026 |url=https://english.dainikjagranmpcg.com/business/tracex-labs-sets-new-standards-for-ai-powered-cybersecurity-in-india/article-18725 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.dainikjagranmpcg.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Cybersecurity Startup TraceX Labs Launches “URL X” to Fight Rising Phishing Attacks |url=https://www.ahmedabadmirror.com/indian-cybersecurity-startup-tracex-labs-launches-url-x-to-fight-rising-phishing-attacks/81909271.html |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Ahmedabad Mirror |language=en}}</ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/report-warns-that-cybercriminals-are-exploiting-cockroach-janta-partys-popularity-to-con-genz/article71036477.ece</nowiki></ref> == Abubuwan da aka samar == '''TraceX Guard''' aikin tsaron wayar hannu ne mai ƙarfin AI.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2026-01-04|title=The Best Antivirus Software for Mobile Security in 2026|language=en|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260104153119/https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/best-mobile-antivirus-apps-2026-android-ios/cid18034730.htm|archive-date=2026-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-08-22|title=Beware! Traffic challan message on WhatsApp could be a malware: Scam spreading rapidly across districts, say officials|work=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/beware-traffic-challan-msg-onwhatsapp-it-could-be-a-malware/articleshow/123438227.cms|access-date=2026-05-25|issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-04-22|title=India's First AI Security App Strengthening National Cyber Safety Against Malicious Apps, QR Fraud, and Phishing Attacks|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-first-ai-security-app-protecting-users-from-malicious-apps-qr-fraud-and-phishing-attacks-242286|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=ವಾರ್ತಾಭಾರತಿ|date=2026-02-18|title=ಡಿಜಿಟಲ್ ಭದ್ರತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹೊಸ ಯುಗ: TraceX Guard AI ಮೊಬೈಲ್ ಸುರಕ್ಷತಾ ಪರಿಹಾರ|url=https://www.varthabharati.in/technology/tracex-guard-ai-mobile-security-digital-safety-india-2115258|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Vartha Bharati|language=kn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lađarević|first=Ana|date=2025-12-18|title=Ove aplikacije za Android otkrivaju da li neko špijunira vaš mobilni telefon|url=https://www.blic.rs/it/ove-aplikacije-za-android-otkrivaju-da-li-ke-spijunira-vas-mobilni-telefon/slvzv6z|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Blic|language=sr}}</ref> '''GEOX AI''' shawarar lissafin sararin samaniya ce da ta dogara da artificial intelligence.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Federal|first=The|date=2026-05-17|title=India's GEOX AI Can Identify Locations From Photos Without GPS Metadata|url=https://thefederal.com/category/science/indias-geox-ai-can-identify-locations-from-photos-without-gps-metadata-243634|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thefederal.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=GEOX AI: AI જિયોલોકેશનથી સૈન્ય ઇન્ટેલિજન્સમાં બદલાવ|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/geox-ai-explained-ai-geolocation-20752028494.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Gujarat Samachar|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-04-27|title=राजस्थान के भाइयों का अनूठा इनोवेशन: फोटो-वीडियो देखकर AI बता रहा सटीक लोकेशन, फ्री में कर सकते हैं यूज {{!}} Free Ai Tool To Trace Location From Photo Video Trace X Innovation By Jalore Brothers|url=https://www.patrika.com/udaipur-news/free-ai-tool-to-trace-location-from-photo-video-trace-x-innovation-by-jalore-brothers-20532216|access-date=2026-05-25|website=[[Rajasthan Patrika]]|language=hi}}</ref> '''URL X''' shawarar tsaron URL na kamfani ce mai zaton gano hare-haren phishing da nazarin hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa masu cutarwa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Muddhala|first=Prabhu|date=2026-03-01|title=URL X: TraceX Labs రూపొందించిన AI ఆధారిత భద్రతా వేదిక ఫిషింగ్ దాడులకు రియల్-టైమ్‌లో అడ్డుకట్ట {{!}} URL X by TraceX Labs: AI-Powered Platform Transforming Real-Time Phishing and Malware Protection|url=https://www.tv5news.in/national/url-x-tracex-labs-ai-powered-phishing-and-malware-protection-981035|access-date=2026-05-25|website=TV5 (India)|language=te}}</ref><ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/enterprise-url-security-platform-designed-to-monitor-and-control-url-based-risks Sikkim Express</ref> == Bincike == === Fake ''Cockroach Janta Party'' Android malware === A cikin 2026, bisa ga [https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682 WION], TraceX Labs ta bayyana cewa takarda ta ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk'' ta yi aiki ne azaman Android RAT da spyware da aka yada ta WhatsApp da Telegram don satar bayanan mai amfani masu mahimmanci.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat, report warns|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat-report-warns-1779954616682|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Wion|language=en}}</ref> TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike kan aikin Android mai cutarwa da aka bazu a ƙarƙashin suna ''Cockroach Janta Party.apk''.<ref>https://tracexlabs.com/reports/cockroach-janta-party-malware-threat-report-2026.pdf</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' APK Malware Campaign Raises Serious Cybersecurity Concerns in India|url=https://countercurrents.org/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-campaign-raises-serious-cybersecurity-concerns-in-india/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=Countercurrents.org|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-24|title=Fake 'Cockroach Janta Party' Android app flagged as critical malware threat|url=https://thenewsmill.com/2026/05/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-flagged-as-critical-malware-threat/|access-date=2026-05-25|website=thenewsmill.com|language=en-US}}</ref> A bisa rahoton, an yada aikin ta hanyar [[WhatsApp]] da rukunonin Telegram, kuma yana aiki azaman spyware da remote access trojan (RAT).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cockroach Janta Party APK থেকে Android યુઝર્સને ખતરો: TraceX Labs|url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/national/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-targeting-android-users-warns-tracex-labs-30174054246.html|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.gujaratsamachar.com|language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=Tech|date=2026-05-22|title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targets Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram|url=https://udaipurtimes.com/technology/fake-cockroach-janta-party-android-app-malware-warning/cid18722038.htm|access-date=2026-05-25|website=udaipurtimes.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bureau|first=Adgully|date=2026-05-25|title=Fake Cockroach Janta Party apps flagged as critical android malware threat: TraceX Labs report|url=https://www.adgully.com/post/15944/fake-cockroach-janta-party-apps-flagged-as-critical-android-malware-threat-tracex-lab-report|url-status=live|access-date=2026-05-25|website=www.adgully.com|language=en}}</ref> Binciken ya bayyana cewa malware ɗin yana amfani da tsarin umarni da kwanciyar hankali na Telegram kuma zai iya satarƙayyadaddun wucewa, lambobin ɗayan-ɗaya, lambobin tulawa,rikodin kira, fayilolin na muhalli, da sauran bayanan na'ura ta hanyar cin hanci na sabis na samun damar Android da cancantattun bango.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Gaurav |date=2026-05-22 |title=TraceX Labs ने "Cockroach Janta Party" Android Malware का किया खुलासा, भारतीय यूजर्स के लिए बड़ा खतरा {{!}} Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Targeting Android Users Through WhatsApp and Telegram |url=https://jantaserishta.com/breaking-news/cockroach-janta-party-android-malware-warning-apk-4727870 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=jantaserishta.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-22 |title=""Cockroach Janta Party" APK Malware Spreading Across India, Android Users Warned |url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/politics/cockroach-janta-party-apk-malware-spreading-across-india-android-users-warned-92894 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mumbai Live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2026-05-22 |title=Cockroach Janta Party Malware APK Android वापरकर्त्यांना लक्ष्य करत असल्याचा TraceX Labs चा इशारा |url=https://www.mymahanagar.com/trending/cockroach-janta-party-malware-apk-android-warning-marathi/986037/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=Mahanagar (newspaper) |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-05-28|title=Cockroach Janta Party का 'ऐप' भी आ गया! इंस्टॉल करने की गलती ना करें, है बड़ा झोल|url=https://www.timesnowhindi.com/tech-gadgets/fake-cockroach-janata-party-app-has-also-surfaced-asking-users-for-access-to-their-photo-gallery-article-154417988|access-date=2026-05-29|website=Times Now Navbharat|language=hi}}</ref> == Silicon == === ''Sanchar Saathi'' damuwar kulawa === A cikin 2026, TraceX Labs ta wallafa bincike mai ɗaukar damuwa game da sirri da kulawa game da shawarar sanya tilas ''Sanchar Saathi'' aikin wayar hannu da Departimentin Telecom ya haɓaka.<ref>https://www.sikkimexpress.com/news-details/tracex-labs-raises-concerns-over-indias-proposed-sim-binding-mandate-for-messaging-apps</ref> A bisa rahoton, kamfanin ya gargadi cewa sanya tilas aikin da ba a iya cire shi ba mai samun damar identifiers na na'ura, bayanan wurin, da metadata na magana zai iya haifar da zane mai kama da kulawa a kan wayoyin hannu idan an aiwatar da shi ba tare da bayyane ba da kula.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM. Ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori - Financiarul |url=https://financiarul.ro/tehnologie/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=financiarul.ro |language=ro-RO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Matei |first=Cristian |date=2025-12-03 |title=India vrea să lege WhatsApp și Telegram de cartela SIM ce înseamnă asta pentru utilizatori |url=https://news24.ro/india-vrea-sa-lege-whatsapp-si-telegram-de-cartela-sim-ce-inseamna-asta-pentru-utilizatori/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=News24 |language=ro-RO}}</ref> Binciken ya kwatanta wasu matsalolin gine-gine game da wannan shawarar da siffofi da aka haɗa da shafukan spyware kamar Pegasus.<ref>{{Cite web |last=desk |first=India Today Technology |date=2025-12-02 |title=Sanchar Saathi new Pegasus spyware? Centre's order on app raises storm |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/sanchar-saathi-pegasus-spyware-centre-order-app-privacy-surveillance-concerns-2829174-2025-12-02 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Giri |first=Sushil |date=2026-03-15 |title=TraceX Labs Warns Sanchar Saathi Mandate Could Create Pegasus-Style Surveillance Architecture {{!}} TraceX Labs raises privacy and security concerns over forced installation of the government telecom |url=https://english.newstrack.com/india-news/tracex-labs-warns-sanchar-saathi-surveillance-concerns-585273 |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=english.newstrack.com |language=en}}</ref> == See also == * [[Cyber security|Computer security]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} kv1x0fjtvjt1rwtno1jwumkkasmvdju 0 153105 842479 2026-05-29T14:00:32Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347042091|Gezira (Cairo)]]" 842479 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gezira''' tsibiri ne a cikin kogin [[Nil|Nilu]], a tsakiyar [[Kairo|birnin Alkahira]], [[Misra|Masar]] . Yankin kudancin tsibirin ya ƙunshi gundumar Gezira, kuma na ukun arewa ya ƙunshi gundumar Zamalek . Gezira kalma ce ta Larabci ta Masar don tsibiri. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=Almaany |title=جزيرة In English - Translation and Meaning in English Arabic Dictionary of All terms Page 1 |url=https://www.almaany.com/en/dict/ar-en/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9/ |access-date=2025-10-28 |website=www.almaany.com |language=en}}</ref> Gezira tana yammacin tsakiyar birnin Alkahira da Dandalin Tahrir, an haɗa ta a fadin Kogin Nilu ta hanyar gadoji huɗu kowannensu a gefen gabas da yamma, Gadar Qasr El Nil, Gadar 15 ga Mayu, Gadar Al-Gala'a da Gadar 6 ga Oktoba . A ƙarƙashin mulkin Khedive Ismail na ƙarni na 19, an fara kiran tsibirin da suna "Jardin des Plantes" (Faransanci don "Lambun Shuke-shuke"), saboda tarin tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki da ake jigilar su daga ko'ina cikin duniya. <ref name="History">{{Cite web |title=Zamalek Today |url=http://www.e-dar.com/html/Zamalekhistory.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923221154/http://www.e-dar.com/html/Zamalekhistory.html |archive-date=23 September 2015 |access-date=15 June 2010 |publisher=e-dar.com}}</ref> == Alamomin ƙasa == * [[Hasumiyar Alkahira]] (1960), mafi tsayin ginin siminti a [[Misra|Masar]], an gina shi kusa da Gezira Sporting Club. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Samir Raafat |date=16 August 1997 |title=The Cairo Tower |url=http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615123748/http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=15 June 2008 |access-date=8 August 2008 |publisher=egy.com}}</ref> * [[Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Alkahira|Gidan Wasan kwaikwayo na Masar]] (1988), wanda aka gina kusa da Hasumiyar Alkahira. * [[El Sawy Al'adu Wheel|El Sawy Culture Wheel]] Center (2003) ( Arabic ), wanda ke ƙarƙashin gadar 15 ga Mayu a Zamalek, ɗaya daga cikin muhimman wuraren al'adu a Masar. <ref name="cnn">{{Cite web |date=2009-03-17 |title=El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt: From a place for beggars to a resort for intellectuals |url=http://arabic.cnn.com/2009/entertainment/2/26/sawi.culture/index.html |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[CNN]] |language=ar}}</ref> * Gezira Sporting Club (1882), ƙungiyar da ta fi tsufa a Masar. <ref name="egyptindependent.com">{{Cite web |last=Helmy |first=Heba |title=Four clubs, four communities: The Gezira Sporting Club |url=http://www.egyptindependent.com/news/four-clubs-four-communities-gezira-sporting-club |access-date=5 February 2013 |publisher=egyptindependent.com}}</ref> * Babban reshen Al Ahly SC, Omar Lotfi ya kafa a shekarar 1907 a matsayin wurin taruwa ga ƙungiyoyin ɗalibai da ke yaƙi da mamayar Birtaniya. == Ilimi == * Lycée Français du Caire Zamalek Primary Campus * [[Pakistan International School Cairo|Makarantar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Pakistan da ke Alƙahira]] a Zamalek * A da, Makarantar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Birtaniya da ke Alƙahira (BISC) a Zamalek == Wasanni == Tsibirin Gezira gida ne ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta Al Gezira Cairo, wacce ta lashe gasar 2017 ta Masar . Gasar tseren motoci ta Grand Prix ta shekarar 1947 ta haɗa da Gasar Gezira Grand Prix, tseren Grand Prix ɗaya tilo da aka gudanar a Masar. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2026)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Hotunan Hotuna == <gallery> Fayil:CH-NB_Photoglob-Wehrli_EAD-WEHR-32043-B.tiff|alt=Gezira (on the left) in 1904| Gezira (a gefen hagu) a shekarar 1904 Fayil:Gardens_of_Gezira_Island.jpg|alt=El Gezira Gardens| Lambunan El Gezira Fayil:Egypt-2A-010_-_Cairo_(2217349050).jpg|alt=Cairo Tower with Al-Gala Bridge| Hasumiyar Alkahira mai gadar Al-Gala Fayil:Beauty_Of_Egypt.JPG|alt=Southern tip of Gezira Island| Kusa da Tekun Gezira Fayil:Cairo,_Nile_River,_Gezira_Island,_Egypt.jpg|alt=El Gezira Tower| Hasumiyar El Gezira </gallery> == Manazarta == kuoy26zwhgtn1w0qwbcum537obwcl4t 842481 842479 2026-05-29T14:01:07Z Engineer014 44591 842481 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gezira''' tsibiri ne a cikin kogin [[Nil|Nilu]], a tsakiyar [[Kairo|birnin Alkahira]], [[Misra|Masar]] . Yankin kudancin tsibirin ya ƙunshi gundumar Gezira, kuma na ukun arewa ya ƙunshi gundumar Zamalek . Gezira kalma ce ta Larabci ta Masar don tsibiri. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=Almaany |title=جزيرة In English - Translation and Meaning in English Arabic Dictionary of All terms Page 1 |url=https://www.almaany.com/en/dict/ar-en/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9/ |access-date=2025-10-28 |website=www.almaany.com |language=en}}</ref> Gezira tana yammacin tsakiyar birnin Alkahira da Dandalin Tahrir, an haɗa ta a fadin Kogin Nilu ta hanyar gadoji huɗu kowannensu a gefen gabas da yamma, Gadar Qasr El Nil, Gadar 15 ga Mayu, Gadar Al-Gala'a da Gadar 6 ga Oktoba . A ƙarƙashin mulkin Khedive Ismail na ƙarni na 19, an fara kiran tsibirin da suna "Jardin des Plantes" (Faransanci don "Lambun Shuke-shuke"), saboda tarin tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki da ake jigilar su daga ko'ina cikin duniya. <ref name="History">{{Cite web |title=Zamalek Today |url=http://www.e-dar.com/html/Zamalekhistory.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923221154/http://www.e-dar.com/html/Zamalekhistory.html |archive-date=23 September 2015 |access-date=15 June 2010 |publisher=e-dar.com}}</ref> == Alamomin ƙasa == * [[Hasumiyar Alkahira]] (1960), mafi tsayin ginin siminti a [[Misra|Masar]], an gina shi kusa da Gezira Sporting Club. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Samir Raafat |date=16 August 1997 |title=The Cairo Tower |url=http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615123748/http://www.egy.com/landmarks/97-10-16.shtml <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=15 June 2008 |access-date=8 August 2008 |publisher=egy.com}}</ref> * [[Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Alkahira|Gidan Wasan kwaikwayo na Masar]] (1988), wanda aka gina kusa da Hasumiyar Alkahira. * [[El Sawy Al'adu Wheel|El Sawy Culture Wheel]] Center (2003) ( Arabic ), wanda ke ƙarƙashin gadar 15 ga Mayu a Zamalek, ɗaya daga cikin muhimman wuraren al'adu a Masar. <ref name="cnn">{{Cite web |date=2009-03-17 |title=El Sawy Culturewheel in Egypt: From a place for beggars to a resort for intellectuals |url=http://arabic.cnn.com/2009/entertainment/2/26/sawi.culture/index.html |access-date=2009-04-01 |publisher=[[CNN]] |language=ar}}</ref> * Gezira Sporting Club (1882), ƙungiyar da ta fi tsufa a Masar. <ref name="egyptindependent.com">{{Cite web |last=Helmy |first=Heba |title=Four clubs, four communities: The Gezira Sporting Club |url=http://www.egyptindependent.com/news/four-clubs-four-communities-gezira-sporting-club |access-date=5 February 2013 |publisher=egyptindependent.com}}</ref> * Babban reshen Al Ahly SC, Omar Lotfi ya kafa a shekarar 1907 a matsayin wurin taruwa ga ƙungiyoyin ɗalibai da ke yaƙi da mamayar Birtaniya. == Ilimi == * Lycée Français du Caire Zamalek Primary Campus * [[Pakistan International School Cairo|Makarantar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Pakistan da ke Alƙahira]] a Zamalek * A da, Makarantar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Birtaniya da ke Alƙahira (BISC) a Zamalek == Wasanni == Tsibirin Gezira gida ne ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta Al Gezira Cairo, wacce ta lashe gasar 2017 ta Masar . Gasar tseren motoci ta Grand Prix ta shekarar 1947 ta haɗa da Gasar Gezira Grand Prix, tseren Grand Prix ɗaya tilo da aka gudanar a Masar. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2026)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Hotunan Hotuna == <gallery> Fayil:CH-NB_Photoglob-Wehrli_EAD-WEHR-32043-B.tiff|alt=Gezira (on the left) in 1904| Gezira (a gefen hagu) a shekarar 1904 Fayil:Gardens_of_Gezira_Island.jpg|alt=El Gezira Gardens| Lambunan El Gezira Fayil:Egypt-2A-010_-_Cairo_(2217349050).jpg|alt=Cairo Tower with Al-Gala Bridge| Hasumiyar Alkahira mai gadar Al-Gala Fayil:Beauty_Of_Egypt.JPG|alt=Southern tip of Gezira Island| Kusa da Tekun Gezira Fayil:Cairo,_Nile_River,_Gezira_Island,_Egypt.jpg|alt=El Gezira Tower| Hasumiyar El Gezira </gallery> == Manazarta == c1s58ze4h63ctansezsepcbm9gt0vcm 0 153106 842483 2026-05-29T14:02:59Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343920661|Prince Amr Ibrahim Palace]]" 842483 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fadar Yarima Amr Ibrahim''' gini ne na tarihi a tsibirin Zamalek da ke [[Kairo|Alkahira]], wanda ake amfani da shi a matsayin gidan tarihi na farko na kayan gini na yumbu a Masar, Gidan Tarihi na kayan tarihi na Musulunci da kuma cibiyar fasaha. == Tarihi da wurin da aka binne == Fadar tana yankin Gezira, wani tsibiri a cikin [[Nil|kogin Nilu]], na Zamalek a Alkahira. <ref name="nev99">{{Cite journal |last=El Aref |first=Nevine |date=4–10 March 1999 |title=Take some steps back in time |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/419/tr1.htm |url-status=dead |journal=Al Ahram |issue=419 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521173912/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/419/tr1.htm |archive-date=21 May 2008}}</ref> An gina ta bisa umarnin Yarima Amr Ibrahim (1903 &#x2013; 1977), memba na daular Muhammad Ali, a 1921. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Famille Souveraine |url=http://www.egyptedantan.com/famille_souveraine/famille_souveraine35.htm |access-date=24 July 2013 |publisher=Egypt e dantan}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2010 |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics: Beautiful Browsing for the History-phobes |url=http://www.cairo360.com/article/artsandculture/55/museum-of-islamic-ceramics-beautiful-browsing-for-the-history-phobes |access-date=24 July 2013 |website=Cairo 360}}</ref> Yarima Amr Ibrahim mijin Necla Sultan ne, jikanyar sarkin Ottoman Mehmed VI, wanda aka fi sani da Vahideddin. Mai ginin ginin shine Garo Balyan, ƙaramin memba na dangin Balyan . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Samir Raafat |title=Cairo's belle époque architects 1900 - 1950 |url=http://www.egy.com/people/98-10-01.php#balyan |access-date=24 July 2013 |website=EGY}}</ref> Kudin ginin ya kai kimanin Yuro miliyan 200 ($257 miliyan). <ref name="jaz8jul" /> Yarima Amr Ibrahim da matarsa, Necla Sultan, sun yi amfani da fadar a matsayin wurin zama na lokacin bazara. <ref name="ehd">{{Cite web |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics |url=http://egyptholidaysdirectory.com/listing/museum-of-islamic-ceramics-cairo.html |access-date=24 July 2013 |publisher=Egypt Holidays Directory}}</ref> == Salo da tsari == Tsarin gine-ginen fadar shine neo-Ottoman da neo-Islamic. <ref name="maa">{{Cite journal |last=Mohamed Ahmed Abdelrahman Ibrahim Enab |date=Winter 2019 |title=Saray of Prince Amr Ibrahim in Zamalek Archaeological and documental study in the light of a new document published for the first time |url=https://journals.ekb.eg/article_16135.html |journal=Journal of General Union of Arab Archaeologists |volume=20 |issue=1}}</ref> Hakanan yana nuna manyan salon daular Muhammad Ali dangane da tsarin gine-gine da kayan ado. <ref>{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=Gezira Art Center |url=http://www.di-egyfest.com/venues.html |access-date=24 July 2013 |publisher=DI-EGY Festival}}</ref> Akwai kuma tasirin Maroko da [[Andalusia|Andalus]] a cikin tsarin ginin fadar. <ref name="maa" /> Jimillar faɗin ginin murabba'in mita 850 ne. <ref name="ehd">{{Cite web |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics |url=http://egyptholidaysdirectory.com/listing/museum-of-islamic-ceramics-cairo.html |access-date=24 July 2013 |publisher=Egypt Holidays Directory}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Architecture in Egypt |url=http://people.csail.mit.edu/hanna/Egypt/index20.html |access-date=24 July 2013 |website=MIT}}</ref> An yi shi da ginshiki da benaye biyu. <ref name="ehd" /> A cikin zauren shiga akwai marmara mai launin marmara da aka yi wa ado da yumbu mai launin shuɗi. <ref name="nev99">{{Cite journal |last=El Aref |first=Nevine |date=4–10 March 1999 |title=Take some steps back in time |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/419/tr1.htm |url-status=dead |journal=Al Ahram |issue=419 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521173912/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/419/tr1.htm |archive-date=21 May 2008}}</ref> Fadar tana kewaye da lambun murabba'in mita 2,800. == Amfani == Fadar ta zama mallakar gwamnati a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 1953 bayan [[Juyin juya halin Masar na 1952|juyin mulkin 1952]] a Masar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Zamalek |url=http://zamalek101.com/history/history_THEZAMALEKLEGEND.html |access-date=13 September 2013 |website=Zamalek 101}}</ref> An fara amfani da ita a matsayin kulob ta ƙungiyar 'yan gurguzu ta Larabawa har zuwa 1971. <ref name="aahram01">{{Cite journal |date=25–31 October 2001 |title=The China syndrome |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2001/557/tr3.htm |url-status=dead |journal=Al Ahram Weekly |issue=557 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090913101445/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2001/557/tr3.htm |archive-date=13 September 2009}}</ref> Daga 1971, Ma'aikatar Al'adu ta yi amfani da ginin a matsayin wurin baje kolin zane-zanen da tsohon Firayim Minista Mohammed Mahmoud Khalil ya bai wa ginin. A shekarar 1998, wani mai ginin gine-gine na ƙasar Masar, Aly Raafat, ya gyara ginin <ref name="ehd">{{Cite web |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics |url=http://egyptholidaysdirectory.com/listing/museum-of-islamic-ceramics-cairo.html |access-date=24 July 2013 |publisher=Egypt Holidays Directory}}</ref> kuma ya zama gidan Gidan Tarihin Ceramics na Musulunci a watan Fabrairun 1999. <ref name="aahram01">{{Cite journal |date=25–31 October 2001 |title=The China syndrome |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2001/557/tr3.htm |url-status=dead |journal=Al Ahram Weekly |issue=557 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090913101445/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2001/557/tr3.htm |archive-date=13 September 2009}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Islamic Ceramic Museum |url=http://www.eternalegypt.org/EternalEgyptWebsiteWeb/HomeServlet?ee_website_action_key=action.display.site.details&language_id=1&element_id=1033 |access-date=28 June 2011 |publisher=Eternal Egypt}}</ref> An sake buɗe Gidan Tarihin bayan an sake yin gyare-gyare mai yawa a watan Oktoban 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Galil |first=Tarek A. el |date=2024-10-22 |title=Egypt’s Museum of Islamic Ceramics Reopens after 14-Year Restoration Project |url=https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2024/10/egypts-museum-of-islamic-ceramics-reopens-after-14-year-restoration-project/ |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Al-Fanar Media |language=en-US}}</ref> Gidan shiga fadar da gidan tarihin kyauta ne. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nawar |first=Belal |date=2024-10-17 |title=Rediscovering Artistry: A Journey Through the Islamic Ceramics Museum {{!}} Egyptian Streets |url=https://egyptianstreets.com/2024/10/17/rediscovering-artistry-a-journey-through-the-islamic-ceramics-museum/ |access-date=2025-01-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Gidan Tarihi na Ceramics na Musulunci == An tsara tarin kayan tarihi bisa ga lokaci da wurin da aka samo su: da zarar an shiga fadar, ƙofar shiga mai marmara mai launi a tsakiya, tana buɗewa ga tarin kayan tarihi na zamanin Fatimid a dama da kuma zauren Turkiyya a hagu. Duk ɗakunan suna da murhu masu aiki waɗanda aka yi da tayal ɗin yumbu kuma a siffar siffar mazugi daga Turkiyya <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nawar |first=Belal |date=2024-10-17 |title=Rediscovering Artistry: A Journey Through the Islamic Ceramics Museum {{!}} Egyptian Streets |url=https://egyptianstreets.com/2024/10/17/rediscovering-artistry-a-journey-through-the-islamic-ceramics-museum/ |access-date=2025-01-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> ^, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=30 April 2023 |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics |url=https://sis.gov.eg/Story/180159/Museum-of-Islamic-Ceramics}}</ref> Tsohon ɗakin cin abinci, wanda yanzu haka ke ɗauke da tarin kayan yumbu na zamanin Fatimid, yana ɗauke da kayan daki na katako masu daraja waɗanda aka sassaka da lu'u-lu'u. A gefen hagu na ƙofar shiga, ɗakin da ke ɗauke da kayan yumbu na Turkiyya yana kaiwa ga wani ɗaki da ke nuna kayan yumbu na wakilci da aka yi a Masar a lokacin zamanin Ayoubi, Mamluk, Osmani da Umayyad. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nawar |first=Belal |date=2024-10-17 |title=Rediscovering Artistry: A Journey Through the Islamic Ceramics Museum {{!}} Egyptian Streets |url=https://egyptianstreets.com/2024/10/17/rediscovering-artistry-a-journey-through-the-islamic-ceramics-museum/ |access-date=2025-01-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> An shirya nunin bene na sama a cikin gidan adana kayan tarihi da ke kewaye da kurfi don tarin Iran da sauran kayan asali daban-daban, kamar tayal ɗin yumbu na Qallaline na Tunisiya. Bene na farko ya ƙunshi bandaki na musamman na Yarima tare da tsarin ruwan sanyi da ɗumi da aka shigo da shi daga Italiya, ƙaramin gida wanda yanzu ke ɗauke da yumbu na Siriya na ƙarni na 12 da 13 daga Raqqa, da kuma ɗakin canza kaya mai kabad gaba ɗaya na bango da aka rufe da allon katako da aka yi wa ado da lu'u-lu'u mai kauri. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=30 April 2023 |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics |url=https://sis.gov.eg/Story/180159/Museum-of-Islamic-Ceramics}}</ref> == Manazarta == gak60d4z0kr33p4c51xq7bqct3shiq5 842484 842483 2026-05-29T14:03:27Z Engineer014 44591 842484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fadar Yarima Amr Ibrahim''' gini ne na tarihi a tsibirin Zamalek da ke [[Kairo|Alkahira]], wanda ake amfani da shi a matsayin gidan tarihi na farko na kayan gini na yumbu a Masar, Gidan Tarihi na kayan tarihi na Musulunci da kuma cibiyar fasaha. == Tarihi da wurin da aka binne == Fadar tana yankin Gezira, wani tsibiri a cikin [[Nil|kogin Nilu]], na Zamalek a Alkahira. <ref name="nev99">{{Cite journal |last=El Aref |first=Nevine |date=4–10 March 1999 |title=Take some steps back in time |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/419/tr1.htm |url-status=dead |journal=Al Ahram |issue=419 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521173912/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/419/tr1.htm |archive-date=21 May 2008}}</ref> An gina ta bisa umarnin Yarima Amr Ibrahim (1903 &#x2013; 1977), memba na daular Muhammad Ali, a 1921. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Famille Souveraine |url=http://www.egyptedantan.com/famille_souveraine/famille_souveraine35.htm |access-date=24 July 2013 |publisher=Egypt e dantan}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2010 |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics: Beautiful Browsing for the History-phobes |url=http://www.cairo360.com/article/artsandculture/55/museum-of-islamic-ceramics-beautiful-browsing-for-the-history-phobes |access-date=24 July 2013 |website=Cairo 360}}</ref> Yarima Amr Ibrahim mijin Necla Sultan ne, jikanyar sarkin Ottoman Mehmed VI, wanda aka fi sani da Vahideddin. Mai ginin ginin shine Garo Balyan, ƙaramin memba na dangin Balyan . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Samir Raafat |title=Cairo's belle époque architects 1900 - 1950 |url=http://www.egy.com/people/98-10-01.php#balyan |access-date=24 July 2013 |website=EGY}}</ref> Kudin ginin ya kai kimanin Yuro miliyan 200 ($257 miliyan). <ref name="jaz8jul" /> Yarima Amr Ibrahim da matarsa, Necla Sultan, sun yi amfani da fadar a matsayin wurin zama na lokacin bazara. <ref name="ehd">{{Cite web |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics |url=http://egyptholidaysdirectory.com/listing/museum-of-islamic-ceramics-cairo.html |access-date=24 July 2013 |publisher=Egypt Holidays Directory}}</ref> == Salo da tsari == Tsarin gine-ginen fadar shine neo-Ottoman da neo-Islamic. <ref name="maa">{{Cite journal |last=Mohamed Ahmed Abdelrahman Ibrahim Enab |date=Winter 2019 |title=Saray of Prince Amr Ibrahim in Zamalek Archaeological and documental study in the light of a new document published for the first time |url=https://journals.ekb.eg/article_16135.html |journal=Journal of General Union of Arab Archaeologists |volume=20 |issue=1}}</ref> Hakanan yana nuna manyan salon daular Muhammad Ali dangane da tsarin gine-gine da kayan ado. <ref>{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=Gezira Art Center |url=http://www.di-egyfest.com/venues.html |access-date=24 July 2013 |publisher=DI-EGY Festival}}</ref> Akwai kuma tasirin Maroko da [[Andalusia|Andalus]] a cikin tsarin ginin fadar. <ref name="maa" /> Jimillar faɗin ginin murabba'in mita 850 ne. <ref name="ehd">{{Cite web |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics |url=http://egyptholidaysdirectory.com/listing/museum-of-islamic-ceramics-cairo.html |access-date=24 July 2013 |publisher=Egypt Holidays Directory}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Architecture in Egypt |url=http://people.csail.mit.edu/hanna/Egypt/index20.html |access-date=24 July 2013 |website=MIT}}</ref> An yi shi da ginshiki da benaye biyu. <ref name="ehd" /> A cikin zauren shiga akwai marmara mai launin marmara da aka yi wa ado da yumbu mai launin shuɗi. <ref name="nev99">{{Cite journal |last=El Aref |first=Nevine |date=4–10 March 1999 |title=Take some steps back in time |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/419/tr1.htm |url-status=dead |journal=Al Ahram |issue=419 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521173912/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/419/tr1.htm |archive-date=21 May 2008}}</ref> Fadar tana kewaye da lambun murabba'in mita 2,800. == Amfani == Fadar ta zama mallakar gwamnati a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 1953 bayan [[Juyin juya halin Masar na 1952|juyin mulkin 1952]] a Masar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Zamalek |url=http://zamalek101.com/history/history_THEZAMALEKLEGEND.html |access-date=13 September 2013 |website=Zamalek 101}}</ref> An fara amfani da ita a matsayin kulob ta ƙungiyar 'yan gurguzu ta Larabawa har zuwa 1971. <ref name="aahram01">{{Cite journal |date=25–31 October 2001 |title=The China syndrome |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2001/557/tr3.htm |url-status=dead |journal=Al Ahram Weekly |issue=557 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090913101445/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2001/557/tr3.htm |archive-date=13 September 2009}}</ref> Daga 1971, Ma'aikatar Al'adu ta yi amfani da ginin a matsayin wurin baje kolin zane-zanen da tsohon Firayim Minista Mohammed Mahmoud Khalil ya bai wa ginin. A shekarar 1998, wani mai ginin gine-gine na ƙasar Masar, Aly Raafat, ya gyara ginin <ref name="ehd">{{Cite web |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics |url=http://egyptholidaysdirectory.com/listing/museum-of-islamic-ceramics-cairo.html |access-date=24 July 2013 |publisher=Egypt Holidays Directory}}</ref> kuma ya zama gidan Gidan Tarihin Ceramics na Musulunci a watan Fabrairun 1999. <ref name="aahram01">{{Cite journal |date=25–31 October 2001 |title=The China syndrome |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2001/557/tr3.htm |url-status=dead |journal=Al Ahram Weekly |issue=557 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090913101445/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2001/557/tr3.htm |archive-date=13 September 2009}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Islamic Ceramic Museum |url=http://www.eternalegypt.org/EternalEgyptWebsiteWeb/HomeServlet?ee_website_action_key=action.display.site.details&language_id=1&element_id=1033 |access-date=28 June 2011 |publisher=Eternal Egypt}}</ref> An sake buɗe Gidan Tarihin bayan an sake yin gyare-gyare mai yawa a watan Oktoban 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Galil |first=Tarek A. el |date=2024-10-22 |title=Egypt’s Museum of Islamic Ceramics Reopens after 14-Year Restoration Project |url=https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2024/10/egypts-museum-of-islamic-ceramics-reopens-after-14-year-restoration-project/ |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Al-Fanar Media |language=en-US}}</ref> Gidan shiga fadar da gidan tarihin kyauta ne. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nawar |first=Belal |date=2024-10-17 |title=Rediscovering Artistry: A Journey Through the Islamic Ceramics Museum {{!}} Egyptian Streets |url=https://egyptianstreets.com/2024/10/17/rediscovering-artistry-a-journey-through-the-islamic-ceramics-museum/ |access-date=2025-01-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Gidan Tarihi na Ceramics na Musulunci == An tsara tarin kayan tarihi bisa ga lokaci da wurin da aka samo su: da zarar an shiga fadar, ƙofar shiga mai marmara mai launi a tsakiya, tana buɗewa ga tarin kayan tarihi na zamanin Fatimid a dama da kuma zauren Turkiyya a hagu. Duk ɗakunan suna da murhu masu aiki waɗanda aka yi da tayal ɗin yumbu kuma a siffar siffar mazugi daga Turkiyya <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nawar |first=Belal |date=2024-10-17 |title=Rediscovering Artistry: A Journey Through the Islamic Ceramics Museum {{!}} Egyptian Streets |url=https://egyptianstreets.com/2024/10/17/rediscovering-artistry-a-journey-through-the-islamic-ceramics-museum/ |access-date=2025-01-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> ^, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=30 April 2023 |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics |url=https://sis.gov.eg/Story/180159/Museum-of-Islamic-Ceramics}}</ref> Tsohon ɗakin cin abinci, wanda yanzu haka ke ɗauke da tarin kayan yumbu na zamanin Fatimid, yana ɗauke da kayan daki na katako masu daraja waɗanda aka sassaka da lu'u-lu'u. A gefen hagu na ƙofar shiga, ɗakin da ke ɗauke da kayan yumbu na Turkiyya yana kaiwa ga wani ɗaki da ke nuna kayan yumbu na wakilci da aka yi a Masar a lokacin zamanin Ayoubi, Mamluk, Osmani da Umayyad. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nawar |first=Belal |date=2024-10-17 |title=Rediscovering Artistry: A Journey Through the Islamic Ceramics Museum {{!}} Egyptian Streets |url=https://egyptianstreets.com/2024/10/17/rediscovering-artistry-a-journey-through-the-islamic-ceramics-museum/ |access-date=2025-01-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> An shirya nunin bene na sama a cikin gidan adana kayan tarihi da ke kewaye da kurfi don tarin Iran da sauran kayan asali daban-daban, kamar tayal ɗin yumbu na Qallaline na Tunisiya. Bene na farko ya ƙunshi bandaki na musamman na Yarima tare da tsarin ruwan sanyi da ɗumi da aka shigo da shi daga Italiya, ƙaramin gida wanda yanzu ke ɗauke da yumbu na Siriya na ƙarni na 12 da 13 daga Raqqa, da kuma ɗakin canza kaya mai kabad gaba ɗaya na bango da aka rufe da allon katako da aka yi wa ado da lu'u-lu'u mai kauri. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=30 April 2023 |title=Museum of Islamic Ceramics |url=https://sis.gov.eg/Story/180159/Museum-of-Islamic-Ceramics}}</ref> == Manazarta == ogp09vkjmj55na1pxoxpoy1bciorjlm 0 153107 842496 2026-05-29T15:19:13Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1290300317|Nkhula B Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842496 wikitext text/x-wiki ''''''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Nkula B'''''', kuma tashar wutar lantarki ce ta Nkula B a kan [[Rafin Shire|Kogin Shire]] a [[Malawi]] . Yana da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na {{Convert|100|MW}} .<ref name="One">{{Cite web |last=ESCOM |date=24 September 2015 |title=Hydropower Generation: Existing ESCOM Limited Generation System |url=http://www.escommw.com/power_generation.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710201223/http://www.escommw.com/power_generation.php |archive-date=2011-07-10 |access-date=15 April 2018 |publisher=[[Electricity Supply Commission of Malawi]] (ESCOM) |format=Archived from the Original}}</ref><ref name="Two">{{Cite web |last=EGENCO |date=15 April 2018 |title=Electricity Generation Company Malawi Limited: List of Hydroelectric Power Stations |url=http://www.egenco.mw/power-stations |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416200442/http://www.egenco.mw/power-stations |archive-date=16 April 2018 |access-date=15 April 2018 |publisher=Electricity Generation Company Malawi Limited (EGENCO)}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Tashar wutar lantarki ta Nkhula B tana gefen [[Rafin Shire|Kogin Shire]], a cikin [[Blantyre]]_District" id="mwLA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Blantyre District">Gundumar Blantyre, a Yankin Kudancin Malawi, kimanin kilomita 50 (31 , ta hanya, arewa maso yammacin Blantyre , babban birnin kudi kuma birni mafi girma a Malawi.<ref name="Three">{{Cite web |last=Globefeed.com |date=15 April 2015 |title=Distance between Post Office, Blantyre, Malawi and Nkula Falls Power Station, Malawi |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Malawi_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Post%20Office%2C%20Blantyre%2C%20Malawi&toplace=Nkula%20Falls%20Power%20Station%2C%20Malawi&dt1=ChIJsWOMNZBF2BgRvOD1GqDXCOg&dt2=ChIJ98zMt4mM2BgRcgAhEtFswpY |access-date=15 April 2015 |publisher=Globefeed.com}}</ref> Yanayin ƙasa na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Nkhula B sune: 15°31'40.0"S, 34°49'14.0"E (Latitude:-15.527778; Longitude:34.820556). == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == An gina tashar wutar lantarki ta Nkhula B a matakai a cikin shekarun 1980 da 1990. An shigar da janareto na farko guda uku na megawatts 20 kowannensu a cikin 1980. An kara wani janareta na megawatt 20 a cikin 1986. An shigar da turbine na biyar na 20 MW a cikin 1992.<ref name="One" /> An rufe tashar wutar lantarki don manyan gyare-gyare a watan Maris na shekara ta 2017. Wadannan gyare-gyare sun hada da gina sabon filin canji da gidan wutar lantarki. Andritz Hydro na Austria da Mota-Engil na [[Portugal]] ne suka gudanar da aikin.<ref name="Five">{{Cite web |last=Special Absalom |date=30 October 2017 |title=ESCOM commences refurbishment works at Nkula Hydro Power Station |url=http://www.maravipost.com/escom-commences-refurbishment-works-nkula-hydro-power-station/ |access-date=15 April 2018 |publisher=Maravipost.com}}</ref> A cikin 2018, an maye gurbin bawul ɗin shigarwa zuwa tashar wutar lantarki, wanda aka kimanta a MWK: 800,000,000 (kimanin € 1.18 miliyan). <ref name="Six">{{Cite web |last=Makasu |first=David |date=30 March 2018 |title=Egenco To Instal An MWK800 Million Machine At Nkula B Power Station |url=http://www.malawivoice.com/egenco-to-instal-an-k800m-machine-at-nkula-b-power-station/ |access-date=15 April 2018 |publisher=Malawivoice.com}}</ref> tn8n5fffh0jverv5er745ka9qpfus28 842497 842496 2026-05-29T15:19:54Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} ''''''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Nkula B'''''', kuma tashar wutar lantarki ce ta Nkula B a kan [[Rafin Shire|Kogin Shire]] a [[Malawi]] . Yana da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na {{Convert|100|MW}} .<ref name="One">{{Cite web |last=ESCOM |date=24 September 2015 |title=Hydropower Generation: Existing ESCOM Limited Generation System |url=http://www.escommw.com/power_generation.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710201223/http://www.escommw.com/power_generation.php |archive-date=2011-07-10 |access-date=15 April 2018 |publisher=[[Electricity Supply Commission of Malawi]] (ESCOM) |format=Archived from the Original}}</ref><ref name="Two">{{Cite web |last=EGENCO |date=15 April 2018 |title=Electricity Generation Company Malawi Limited: List of Hydroelectric Power Stations |url=http://www.egenco.mw/power-stations |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416200442/http://www.egenco.mw/power-stations |archive-date=16 April 2018 |access-date=15 April 2018 |publisher=Electricity Generation Company Malawi Limited (EGENCO)}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Tashar wutar lantarki ta Nkhula B tana gefen [[Rafin Shire|Kogin Shire]], a cikin [[Blantyre]]_District" id="mwLA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Blantyre District">Gundumar Blantyre, a Yankin Kudancin Malawi, kimanin kilomita 50 (31 , ta hanya, arewa maso yammacin Blantyre , babban birnin kudi kuma birni mafi girma a Malawi.<ref name="Three">{{Cite web |last=Globefeed.com |date=15 April 2015 |title=Distance between Post Office, Blantyre, Malawi and Nkula Falls Power Station, Malawi |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Malawi_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Post%20Office%2C%20Blantyre%2C%20Malawi&toplace=Nkula%20Falls%20Power%20Station%2C%20Malawi&dt1=ChIJsWOMNZBF2BgRvOD1GqDXCOg&dt2=ChIJ98zMt4mM2BgRcgAhEtFswpY |access-date=15 April 2015 |publisher=Globefeed.com}}</ref> Yanayin ƙasa na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Nkhula B sune: 15°31'40.0"S, 34°49'14.0"E (Latitude:-15.527778; Longitude:34.820556). == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == An gina tashar wutar lantarki ta Nkhula B a matakai a cikin shekarun 1980 da 1990. An shigar da janareto na farko guda uku na megawatts 20 kowannensu a cikin 1980. An kara wani janareta na megawatt 20 a cikin 1986. An shigar da turbine na biyar na 20 MW a cikin 1992.<ref name="One" /> An rufe tashar wutar lantarki don manyan gyare-gyare a watan Maris na shekara ta 2017. Wadannan gyare-gyare sun hada da gina sabon filin canji da gidan wutar lantarki. Andritz Hydro na Austria da Mota-Engil na [[Portugal]] ne suka gudanar da aikin.<ref name="Five">{{Cite web |last=Special Absalom |date=30 October 2017 |title=ESCOM commences refurbishment works at Nkula Hydro Power Station |url=http://www.maravipost.com/escom-commences-refurbishment-works-nkula-hydro-power-station/ |access-date=15 April 2018 |publisher=Maravipost.com}}</ref> A cikin 2018, an maye gurbin bawul ɗin shigarwa zuwa tashar wutar lantarki, wanda aka kimanta a MWK: 800,000,000 (kimanin € 1.18 miliyan). <ref name="Six">{{Cite web |last=Makasu |first=David |date=30 March 2018 |title=Egenco To Instal An MWK800 Million Machine At Nkula B Power Station |url=http://www.malawivoice.com/egenco-to-instal-an-k800m-machine-at-nkula-b-power-station/ |access-date=15 April 2018 |publisher=Malawivoice.com}}</ref> ==manazarta== qnvsc6b6vkimiwcgxzgkq891l3j9cpl 0 153108 842498 2026-05-29T15:22:08Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334380055|Kholombidzo Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842498 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dam din Kholombidzo''', wanda kuma Kholomb Edo Hydroelectric Power Station, wani madatsar ruwa ce da aka tsara {{Convert|200|MW}} a [[Malawi]]. == Wurin da yake == Za a sami tashar wutar lantarki a fadin [[Rafin Shire|Kogin Shire]], a ƙauyen Kholombidzo, [[Blantyre]]_District" id="mwKg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Blantyre District">Gundumar Blantyre, a [[Malawi]]" id="mwKw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Southern Region, Malawi">Yankin Kudancin Malawi. Kholombidzo shine wurin Kholomb Edo Falls (tsohon Murchison Falls), kusa da ƙauyen Chipironje . <ref name="Two">{{Cite web |last=Mapcarta |date=21 April 2018 |title=Murchison Falls, Malawi, Africa |url=https://mapcarta.com/14197162 |access-date=21 April 2018 |publisher=Mapcarta.com}}</ref> Wannan kusan kilomita 52 ne (32 , ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso yammacin Blantyre, babban birnin kudi na Malawi. == Bayani da tarihi == A cikin 2013, Gwamnatin Malawi ta tallata don tayin don gudanar da nazarin yiwuwar tashar wutar lantarki tare da ƙarfin 160-370 megawatts, ta amfani da dala miliyan 2 da Bankin Raya Afirka (AfDB) ya ba Malawi. <ref name="Four">{{Cite web |last=Hydroworld |date=28 August 2013 |title=Malawi seeks feasibility study of 370MW Kholombidzo Hydro Project |url=https://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2013/08/malawi-seeks-feasibility-study-of-370-mw-kholombidzo-hydro-project.html |access-date=21 April 2018 |publisher=Hydroworld.com}}</ref> An ba da kwangilar don nazarin yiwuwar da ƙirar aikin ga COBA, kamfanin injiniya na Portugal. <ref name="Five">{{Cite web |last=Bentley.com |date=2017 |title=Project Profile: Kholombidzo Hydropower Electric Plant |url=https://www.bentley.com/en/project-profiles/2017/coba_kholombidzo-hydropower-electric-plant |access-date=21 April 2018 |publisher=Bentley.com}}</ref> Ana sa ran za a gina shuka a karkashin tsarin haɗin gwiwar jama'a (PPP), tare da Kamfanin Wutar Lantarki Malawi Limited (Egenco), wanda ke wakiltar gwamnati.<ref name="Six">{{Cite web |last=Maravi Post |date=19 November 2016 |title=Malawi to have another hydropower plant |url=https://www.energycentral.com/news/malawi-have-another-hydropower-plant |access-date=21 April 2016 |publisher=Energycentral.com Quoting The Maravi Post}}</ref> Ana sa ran za a kwashe wutar lantarki ta hanyar tashar 400kV da ke kusa da ita a Phombeya, <ref name="Eight">{{Cite web |last=US Government |date=22 February 2017 |title=Malawi Country Commercial Guide: Malawi Energy: Kholombidzo Hydroelectric Power Station |url=https://www.export.gov/article?id=Malawi-Energy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420074514/https://www.export.gov/article?id=Malawi-Energy |archive-date=20 April 2018 |access-date=21 April 2018 |publisher=Department of Commerce, United States Government}}</ref> kimanin kilomita 16.5 (10.3 , ta hanyar hanya, zuwa arewacin Kholombidzo Falls. <ref name="8R">{{Cite web |last=Globefeed.com |date=21 April 2018 |title=Distance between Chipironje, Malawi and Phombeya 132/400kV Substation, M1, Malawi |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Malawi_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Chipironje%2C%20Malawi&toplace=Phombeya%20132%2F400kV%20Substation%2C%20M1%2C%20Malawi&dt1=ChIJz0tWFlHs2BgRcG7DgUHdd2s&dt2=ChIJDUEtmEHA2BgRM9FB4m-BeEQ |access-date=21 April 2018 |publisher=Globefeed.com}}</ref> == Gine-gine, tsada da kudade == Binciken yiwuwar ya sanya farashin gini a dala miliyan 435. Matsayin aikin ya haɗa da gina madatsar ruwa, gidan wutar lantarki, tashar, da hanyoyin sabis. Har ila yau, ya haɗa da shigar da turbines huɗu, masu canzawa, janareto, da kuma shimfiɗa layin watsawa. Ana sa ran za a fara ginin a cikin 2018 kuma ya kammala a cikin 2021.<ref name="Six" /> A cikin 2020, an tura farkon ginin zuwa 2021, tare da kammala shirin don 2024.<ref name="9R">{{Cite web |last=Export Credit Norway |date=30 January 2020 |title=Hydropower Annual Market Report Annual Report 2020: Malawi |url=https://www.eksportkreditt.no/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/2020_NORWEP_Hydropower-Annual-Market-Report_V1.2.pdf |access-date=11 July 2020 |publisher=Export Credit Norway |page=14}}</ref> 3bixgjx8s7wlx3l71iv330bn9bribyd 842499 842498 2026-05-29T15:22:46Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din Kholombidzo''', wanda kuma Kholomb Edo Hydroelectric Power Station, wani madatsar ruwa ce da aka tsara {{Convert|200|MW}} a [[Malawi]]. == Wurin da yake == Za a sami tashar wutar lantarki a fadin [[Rafin Shire|Kogin Shire]], a ƙauyen Kholombidzo, [[Blantyre]]_District" id="mwKg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Blantyre District">Gundumar Blantyre, a [[Malawi]]" id="mwKw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Southern Region, Malawi">Yankin Kudancin Malawi. Kholombidzo shine wurin Kholomb Edo Falls (tsohon Murchison Falls), kusa da ƙauyen Chipironje . <ref name="Two">{{Cite web |last=Mapcarta |date=21 April 2018 |title=Murchison Falls, Malawi, Africa |url=https://mapcarta.com/14197162 |access-date=21 April 2018 |publisher=Mapcarta.com}}</ref> Wannan kusan kilomita 52 ne (32 , ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso yammacin Blantyre, babban birnin kudi na Malawi. == Bayani da tarihi == A cikin 2013, Gwamnatin Malawi ta tallata don tayin don gudanar da nazarin yiwuwar tashar wutar lantarki tare da ƙarfin 160-370 megawatts, ta amfani da dala miliyan 2 da Bankin Raya Afirka (AfDB) ya ba Malawi. <ref name="Four">{{Cite web |last=Hydroworld |date=28 August 2013 |title=Malawi seeks feasibility study of 370MW Kholombidzo Hydro Project |url=https://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2013/08/malawi-seeks-feasibility-study-of-370-mw-kholombidzo-hydro-project.html |access-date=21 April 2018 |publisher=Hydroworld.com}}</ref> An ba da kwangilar don nazarin yiwuwar da ƙirar aikin ga COBA, kamfanin injiniya na Portugal. <ref name="Five">{{Cite web |last=Bentley.com |date=2017 |title=Project Profile: Kholombidzo Hydropower Electric Plant |url=https://www.bentley.com/en/project-profiles/2017/coba_kholombidzo-hydropower-electric-plant |access-date=21 April 2018 |publisher=Bentley.com}}</ref> Ana sa ran za a gina shuka a karkashin tsarin haɗin gwiwar jama'a (PPP), tare da Kamfanin Wutar Lantarki Malawi Limited (Egenco), wanda ke wakiltar gwamnati.<ref name="Six">{{Cite web |last=Maravi Post |date=19 November 2016 |title=Malawi to have another hydropower plant |url=https://www.energycentral.com/news/malawi-have-another-hydropower-plant |access-date=21 April 2016 |publisher=Energycentral.com Quoting The Maravi Post}}</ref> Ana sa ran za a kwashe wutar lantarki ta hanyar tashar 400kV da ke kusa da ita a Phombeya, <ref name="Eight">{{Cite web |last=US Government |date=22 February 2017 |title=Malawi Country Commercial Guide: Malawi Energy: Kholombidzo Hydroelectric Power Station |url=https://www.export.gov/article?id=Malawi-Energy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420074514/https://www.export.gov/article?id=Malawi-Energy |archive-date=20 April 2018 |access-date=21 April 2018 |publisher=Department of Commerce, United States Government}}</ref> kimanin kilomita 16.5 (10.3 , ta hanyar hanya, zuwa arewacin Kholombidzo Falls. <ref name="8R">{{Cite web |last=Globefeed.com |date=21 April 2018 |title=Distance between Chipironje, Malawi and Phombeya 132/400kV Substation, M1, Malawi |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Malawi_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Chipironje%2C%20Malawi&toplace=Phombeya%20132%2F400kV%20Substation%2C%20M1%2C%20Malawi&dt1=ChIJz0tWFlHs2BgRcG7DgUHdd2s&dt2=ChIJDUEtmEHA2BgRM9FB4m-BeEQ |access-date=21 April 2018 |publisher=Globefeed.com}}</ref> == Gine-gine, tsada da kudade == Binciken yiwuwar ya sanya farashin gini a dala miliyan 435. Matsayin aikin ya haɗa da gina madatsar ruwa, gidan wutar lantarki, tashar, da hanyoyin sabis. Har ila yau, ya haɗa da shigar da turbines huɗu, masu canzawa, janareto, da kuma shimfiɗa layin watsawa. Ana sa ran za a fara ginin a cikin 2018 kuma ya kammala a cikin 2021.<ref name="Six" /> A cikin 2020, an tura farkon ginin zuwa 2021, tare da kammala shirin don 2024.<ref name="9R">{{Cite web |last=Export Credit Norway |date=30 January 2020 |title=Hydropower Annual Market Report Annual Report 2020: Malawi |url=https://www.eksportkreditt.no/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/2020_NORWEP_Hydropower-Annual-Market-Report_V1.2.pdf |access-date=11 July 2020 |publisher=Export Credit Norway |page=14}}</ref> ==manazarta== gcy1f2ffvx0ltcb7d1vxu2ka9l8lt00 0 153109 842500 2026-05-29T15:24:27Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1142995685|Mantasoa Dam]]" 842500 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madatsar ruwan Mantasoa''' madatsar ruwa ce da ke kan [[Varahina-North River|kogin Varahina-North]], wani magudanar ruwa ta [[Ikopa|Kogin Ikopa]], kusa da Mantasoa a yankin Analamanga na [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] . 'Yan kwangilar Faransa ne suka gina madatsar ruwan tsakanin 1937 da 1938. Yana samar da Tafkin Mantasoa wanda ke da fadin fadin murabba'in {{Convert|20|km2|mi2}} . Madatsar ruwan da kanta an yi ta ne da {{Convert|8000|m3|cuyd}} na siminti kuma yana da ƙirar madatsar ruwa mai ƙarfi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The French civil engineering works in the world dams 1860-2012 |url=http://www.iesf.fr/upload/pdf/barrages_1860_2012.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318014642/http://www.iesf.fr/upload/pdf/barrages_1860_2012.pdf |archive-date=18 March 2014 |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=IESF}}</ref> Ruwan da aka fitar daga madatsar ruwa yana samar da kwararar ruwa mai tsari zuwa tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa a [[Tashar wutar lantarki ta Antelomita Hydroelectric|madatsar ruwa ta Antelomita]] da ke ƙasa. Madatsar ruwa ta sirdi a gefen arewa na madatsar ruwa ta Mantosoa tana daidaita kwararar ruwa zuwa Kogin Mandraka don [[Mandraka Dam|madatsar ruwa ta Mandraka]] da ke ƙasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mantasoa and lake |url=http://wwwDOTmantasoaDOTcom/mantasoa/lac-mantasoa.html |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=Mantasoa}}{{Dead link|date=June 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dams of Madagascar |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/dams/country/D_MDG.xlsx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905170858/http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/dams/country/D_MDG.xlsx |archive-date=5 September 2013 |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Tsiazompaniry Dam - a kan Kogin Varahina ta Kudu == Manazarta == s4eg65pgs8334u1xtmeloe1834i2eku 842501 842500 2026-05-29T15:24:57Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Madatsar ruwan Mantasoa''' madatsar ruwa ce da ke kan [[Varahina-North River|kogin Varahina-North]], wani magudanar ruwa ta [[Ikopa|Kogin Ikopa]], kusa da Mantasoa a yankin Analamanga na [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] . 'Yan kwangilar Faransa ne suka gina madatsar ruwan tsakanin 1937 da 1938. Yana samar da Tafkin Mantasoa wanda ke da fadin fadin murabba'in {{Convert|20|km2|mi2}} . Madatsar ruwan da kanta an yi ta ne da {{Convert|8000|m3|cuyd}} na siminti kuma yana da ƙirar madatsar ruwa mai ƙarfi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The French civil engineering works in the world dams 1860-2012 |url=http://www.iesf.fr/upload/pdf/barrages_1860_2012.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318014642/http://www.iesf.fr/upload/pdf/barrages_1860_2012.pdf |archive-date=18 March 2014 |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=IESF}}</ref> Ruwan da aka fitar daga madatsar ruwa yana samar da kwararar ruwa mai tsari zuwa tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa a [[Tashar wutar lantarki ta Antelomita Hydroelectric|madatsar ruwa ta Antelomita]] da ke ƙasa. Madatsar ruwa ta sirdi a gefen arewa na madatsar ruwa ta Mantosoa tana daidaita kwararar ruwa zuwa Kogin Mandraka don [[Mandraka Dam|madatsar ruwa ta Mandraka]] da ke ƙasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mantasoa and lake |url=http://wwwDOTmantasoaDOTcom/mantasoa/lac-mantasoa.html |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=Mantasoa}}{{Dead link|date=June 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dams of Madagascar |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/dams/country/D_MDG.xlsx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905170858/http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/dams/country/D_MDG.xlsx |archive-date=5 September 2013 |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Tsiazompaniry Dam - a kan Kogin Varahina ta Kudu == Manazarta == 1idarlh88abe54eeuwctejshtu2khfa 0 153110 842502 2026-05-29T15:27:22Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1176825148|Tsiazompaniry Dam]]" 842502 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madatsar ruwan Tsiazompaniry''' madatsar ruwa ce da ke kan [[Varahina-South River|kogin Varahina-South]], wani magudanar ruwa ta [[Ikopa|Kogin Ikopa]], kusa da [[Tsiazompaniry]] a yankin Analamanga na [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] . Wani kamfanin Faransa ne ya gina madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1956. Yana samar da [[Lake Tsiazompaniry|tafkin Tsiazompaniry]], babban madatsar ruwa a ƙasar, wanda ke da fadin ƙasa na {{Convert|31|km2|mi2}} da kuma adadin ajiya na {{Convert|260000000|m3|acre.ft}} . Madatsar ruwa ta biyu mai ƙarfi, {{Convert|1|km|mi}} arewa maso yamma na babban madatsar ruwa yana taimakawa wajen hana madatsar ruwa. Ruwan da aka fitar daga madatsar ruwa yana samar da kwararar ruwa mai tsari zuwa tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa a [[Tashar wutar lantarki ta Antelomita Hydroelectric|madatsar ruwa ta Antelomita]] da ke ƙasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mantasoa and lake |url=http://www.mantasoa.com/mantasoa/lac-mantasoa.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103150352/http://www.mantasoa.com/mantasoa/lac-mantasoa.html |archive-date=3 November 2012 |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=Mantasoa}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dams of Madagascar |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/dams/country/D_MDG.xlsx |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref> An fara ƙoƙarin shigar da tashar wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin MW 5.25 a gindin madatsar ruwa a shekarar 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 March 2011 |title=ORBEO partners with Henri Fraise & Fils to develop a CDM* Hydro Power Project in Madagascar |url=http://www.orbeo.com/IMG/pdf/20110324-PR_Erpa_Madagascar_orbeo_SG_FINAL.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318044335/http://www.orbeo.com/IMG/pdf/20110324-PR_Erpa_Madagascar_orbeo_SG_FINAL.pdf |archive-date=18 March 2014 |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=Orbeo}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Dam din Mantasoa - a kan Kogin Varahina na Arewa c1b32av9ka4vff4p8nbfwgenujl8wni 842503 842502 2026-05-29T15:28:26Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Madatsar ruwan Tsiazompaniry''' madatsar ruwa ce da ke kan [[Varahina-South River|kogin Varahina-South]], wani magudanar ruwa ta [[Ikopa|Kogin Ikopa]], kusa da [[Tsiazompaniry]] a yankin Analamanga na [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] . Wani kamfanin Faransa ne ya gina madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1956. Yana samar da [[Lake Tsiazompaniry|tafkin Tsiazompaniry]], babban madatsar ruwa a ƙasar, wanda ke da fadin ƙasa na {{Convert|31|km2|mi2}} da kuma adadin ajiya na {{Convert|260000000|m3|acre.ft}} . Madatsar ruwa ta biyu mai ƙarfi, {{Convert|1|km|mi}} arewa maso yamma na babban madatsar ruwa yana taimakawa wajen hana madatsar ruwa. Ruwan da aka fitar daga madatsar ruwa yana samar da kwararar ruwa mai tsari zuwa tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa a [[Tashar wutar lantarki ta Antelomita Hydroelectric|madatsar ruwa ta Antelomita]] da ke ƙasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mantasoa and lake |url=http://www.mantasoa.com/mantasoa/lac-mantasoa.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103150352/http://www.mantasoa.com/mantasoa/lac-mantasoa.html |archive-date=3 November 2012 |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=Mantasoa}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dams of Madagascar |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/dams/country/D_MDG.xlsx |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref> An fara ƙoƙarin shigar da tashar wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin MW 5.25 a gindin madatsar ruwa a shekarar 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 March 2011 |title=ORBEO partners with Henri Fraise & Fils to develop a CDM* Hydro Power Project in Madagascar |url=http://www.orbeo.com/IMG/pdf/20110324-PR_Erpa_Madagascar_orbeo_SG_FINAL.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318044335/http://www.orbeo.com/IMG/pdf/20110324-PR_Erpa_Madagascar_orbeo_SG_FINAL.pdf |archive-date=18 March 2014 |access-date=17 March 2014 |publisher=Orbeo}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Dam din Mantasoa - a kan Kogin Varahina na Arewa ==manazarta== kq6451g34lxj3h9c8w8kv57d8ai6n5x 3 153111 842505 2026-05-29T15:30:37Z KonstantinaG07 7299 KonstantinaG07 moved page [[Tattaunawar user:Animaǂ]] to [[Tattaunawar user:Magos Kaladon]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Animaǂ|Animaǂ]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Magos Kaladon|Magos Kaladon]]" 842505 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Tattaunawar user:Magos Kaladon]] fe9nighvcfn79lv4mmsu4maug2f4tzu 0 153112 842506 2026-05-29T15:30:52Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356240368|Derna dam collapses]]" 842506 wikitext text/x-wiki Rushewar madatsar ruwan Derna [[Sin|China]] mummunar gazawar madatsun ruwa guda biyu a Derna, Libya, a daren 10-11 Satumba 2023, bayan Guguwar Daniyel . Rushewar madatsar ruwan Abu Mansour da madatsar ruwa ta Derna sun fitar da kimanin mita cubic miliyan {{Convert|30|e6m3|e6yd3}} (mita cubic miliyan 39) na ruwa, <ref name="ajwhy">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Why did Derna's dams break when Storm Daniel hit Libya? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/13/why-did-dernas-dams-break-when-storm-daniel-hit-libya |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914105531/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/13/why-did-dernas-dams-break-when-storm-daniel-hit-libya |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=Aljazeera |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="decade">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914060642/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=France 24 |language=en}}</ref> wanda ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa yayin da Wadi Derna ya mamaye bankunanta. <ref name="ap">{{Cite web |last=Magdy |first=Samy |date=12 September 2023 |title=10,000 people are missing and thousands are feared dead as eastern Libya is devastated by floods |url=https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-floods-storm-daniel-95379b164871d97fb74b1cd1bcb5640c |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912202455/https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-floods-storm-daniel-95379b164871d97fb74b1cd1bcb5640c |archive-date=12 September 2023 |access-date=12 September 2023 |website=AP News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 September 2023 |title=Libya: Flash Floods In Derna |url=https://www.barrons.com/news/libya-flash-floods-in-derna-5752f323 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912212740/https://www.barrons.com/news/libya-flash-floods-in-derna-5752f323 |archive-date=12 September 2023 |access-date=12 September 2023 |publisher=Barron's}}</ref> Ambaliyar ta lalata birnin Derna. Mutuwar hukuma da mutanen da suka bace sun wuce 7,800 bisa ga kididdigar gwamnati, duk da haka, ƙididdigar da ba a hukuma ba game da adadin wadanda suka mutu da wadanda suka bace sun fi girma. <ref name="April 17, 2024 update">{{Cite web |date=17 April 2024 |title=Libya Assistance Overview, April 2024 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-assistance-overview-april-2024 |access-date=2 May 2024 |website=ReliefWeb |publisher=USAID}}</ref><ref name="RWupdate7">{{Cite web |date=24 September 2023 |title=Libya: Flood update Flash Update No.7 (23 September 2023) (as of 4pm local time) [EN/AR] |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-flood-update-flash-update-no7-23-september-2023-4pm-local-time-enar |access-date=26 September 2023 |website=reliefweb.int}}</ref><ref name="RWupdate1010">{{Cite web |date=11 October 2023 |title=Libya: Flood Response Humanitarian Update (As of 10 October 2023) [EN/AR] |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-flood-response-humanitarian-update-10-october-2023-enar |access-date=13 October 2023 |website=reliefweb.int}}</ref><ref name="OCHA_Report_231215">{{Cite web |date=18 December 2023 |title=Libya: Flood Response Humanitarian Update (as of 15 December 2023) - Libya {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-flood-response-humanitarian-update-15-december-2023 |access-date=20 December 2023 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}</ref> Wannan taron shine karo na biyu mafi muni a cikin tarihin madatsar ruwan, bayan gazawar madatsar ruwa ta Banqiao a shekarar 1975 a kasar Sin. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:مدينة_درنة_الليبية_.jpg|thumb|270x270px|Ra'ayi na Derna a watan Disamba na 2020, madatsar ruwa ta biyu tana bayyane a tsakiya-hagu.]] === Ginin madatsar ruwa === Kamfanin Yugoslav Hidrotehnika-Hidroenergetika <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wadi Derna |url=https://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/libya/wadi-derna/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915224652/https://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/libya/wadi-derna/ |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=hidrotehnika.rs |quote=Derna-Bou Mansur road 24 km long...}}</ref> ne ya gina madatsar ruwa da ta rushe a karkashin Gwamnatin Muammar Gaddafi a cikin shekarun 1970s don sarrafa ambaliyar ruwa, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Derna: The Libyan city known for rebellion — and neglect |url=https://www.dw.com/en/derna-the-libyan-city-known-for-rebellion-and-neglect/a-66822261 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915224646/https://www.dw.com/en/derna-the-libyan-city-known-for-rebellion-and-neglect/a-66822261 |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=dw.com |language=en}}</ref> ban ruwa da filayen noma da samar da ruwa ga al'ummomin da ke kusa. <ref name="decade">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914060642/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=France 24 |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making "Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making"]. </cite></ref> An bayyana su a matsayin madatsar ruwa mai cike da yumɓu tare da tsawo na mita 75 (madatsar ruwa ta Mansur) da mita 45 (madatsarar ruwa ta Derna). <ref name="apn" /> Dam din Derna (ko Belad) yana da damar ajiyar ruwa na cubic mita miliyan 1.5, yayin da madatsar ruwan Mansour (ko Abu Mansour <ref name="decade" />) a saman ruwa tana da damar cubic mita 22.5 miliyan. [3] <ref name="apn" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tara |first=Roopinder |date=21 September 2023 |title=A Dam Shame: Engineer's Warning Goes Unheeded and Eleven Thousand Die |url=https://www.engineering.com/a-dam-shame-engineers-warning-goes-unheeded-and-eleven-thousand-die/ |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=Engineering.com}}</ref> {{Efn|In contradiction to these references (AP News, hindustantimes, and engineering.com), the graphics in File:ECDM 20230915 FL Libya.pdf and File:ECDM 20230913 FL Libya.pdf both specifically name Monsur as downstream from the Derna Dam; the France24 reference "Libya’s deadly dam..." (2023-09-13) and the hidrotehnika reference also have Mansour smaller and downstream (tho' the latter also describes the 'Derna-Bou Mansur road' as 24 km long, implicitly contradicting its table entries); consistently with the refs, at Maps.google.com the 'Wadi Abu Mansour Dam' is shown upstream, visibly larger, and the 'Al-Balad Dam' (described as a weir) downstream and smaller, and OpenStreetMap<ref>{{cite web |title=Way: Abou Mansour (1207192349) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/1207192349#map=11/32.6594/22.5771 |website=OpenStreetMap |access-date=17 August 2025 |language=en |date=20 September 2023}}</ref> and MapCarta<!--<ref>{{cite web |title=Mansour dam |url=https://mapcarta.com/W1207192349 |website=Mapcarta |access-date=17 August 2025 |language=en}}</ref>--> also show Abu Mansour some miles upstream; the 2024 report by Ashoor and Eladawy also states that the Bou Mansour dam was 15.6km up the wadi.<ref name="Ashoor_Eladawy">{{cite journal |last1=Ashoor |first1=Abdelwanees |last2=Eladawy |first2=Ahmed |title=Navigating catastrophe: Lessons from Derna amid intensified flash floods in the Anthropocene |journal=Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration |date=2024 |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=1125–1140 |doi=10.1007/s41207-024-00566-4 |bibcode=2024EMJEI...9.1125A |quote=Bu Mansour Dam is located south of the city of Derna at a distance of 15.6 km when measuring the distance from the end of the stream |id={{doi-inline|10.21203/rs.3.rs-3858769/v1|Preprint}}}}</ref>}} An gabatar da tambayoyi game da hanyoyin da madatsun ruwa ke zubar a Derna; dukansu suna aiki ta amfani da ƙirar 'Bell-mouth spillway'.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Derna, Libya dam breaks and flood – Hydraulic and Coastal Engineering Laboratory |url=https://hydraulics.engin.umich.edu/sample-page/derna-libya-dam-breaks-and-flood/ |access-date=14 June 2025 |website=hydraulics.engin.umich.edu}}</ref> {{Efn|A spillway is a waterway used to dispose of excess flood water from a reservoir after it has been filled to capacity. Spillways are provided for all dams and serve as dam safety valves. A spillway can be located within the dam's body, at the dam's end, or totally separate from the dam as an independent structure. It is critical to provide a sufficient capacity spillway. On the other hand, a spillway with insufficient capacity may cause dam overtopping, resulting in serious and permanent damage to the dam or the dam's failure. It is possible that the cause of failure is overtopping followed by scour. This happens when the spillway is too small (the inflow rate too large) for the spillway to pass the inflow downstream without the water level rising higher and overflowing the dam itself.}} ==== Wuraren da aka yi ==== * Abu Mansour Dam - 32°39′34′′N 22°34′38′′E / 32.6594°N 22.5772°E / 32. 6594; 22.5771 (Abu Mansour Dam) {{Coord|32.6594|N|22.5772|E}} * Derna (ko Belad) Dam - 32°45′11′′N 22°37′53′′E / 32.75306°N 22.63139°E / 32. 75306; 22.63137 (Derna Dam) <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|32|45|11|N|22|37|53|E}} * Derna City - 32°45′49′′N 22°38′10′′E / 32.76361°N 22.63611°E / 32.36361; 22.63611.<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|32|45|49|N|22|38|10|E}} === Yanayin siyasa === Girman bala'in a Derna an danganta shi da shekarun da suka gabata na sakaci yankin ta hanyar bin mulkin [[Muammar Gaddafi]].<ref name="decade">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914060642/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=France 24 |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making "Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making"]. </cite></ref><ref name="vulnerable">{{Cite web |last=Pietromarchi |first=Virginia |date=2023-09-14 |title=Natural disaster or man-made, why was Libya so vulnerable to floods? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/14/natural-disaster-or-man-made-why-was-libya-so-vulnerable-to-floods |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915002734/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/14/natural-disaster-or-man-made-why-was-libya-so-vulnerable-to-floods |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=Aljazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref name="turmoil">{{Cite web |last=Chibelushi |first=Wedaeli |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya turmoil made Derna flooding even more deadly |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66797307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914080840/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66797307 |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=BBC |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 2010 birnin ya kasance fagen yaƙi, a lokacin Yaƙin basasar Libya, sa hannun NATO, da rikice-rikice tsakanin gwamnatocin adawa da aka kafa bayan hambarar da Gaddafi.<ref name="turmoil" /> Bayan da aka hambarar da Gaddafi, birnin ya sauya hannun sau hudu. === Gargadi === An bayar da rahoton fashewa a cikin madatsar ruwa tun farkon shekara ta 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-17 |title=Aid arrives as Libya copes with flooding aftermath |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230917-aid-arrives-as-libya-copes-with-flooding-aftermath |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230917070018/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230917-aid-arrives-as-libya-copes-with-flooding-aftermath |archive-date=17 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=France 24 |language=en}}</ref> Mataimakin magajin garin Derna ya ce ba a kula da madatsar ruwan ba tun 2002 kuma ba a gina su don tsayayya da irin wannan ruwa mai yawa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Deputy mayor of Derna, Libya's flooded city, describes situation |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/12/infrastructure-in-libyas-derna-not-built-to-withstand-storm-deputy-mayor |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913010339/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/12/infrastructure-in-libyas-derna-not-built-to-withstand-storm-deputy-mayor |archive-date=13 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref> A cewar wata hukumar binciken jihar, rashin kulawa ya faru duk da rabon da gwamnati ta bayar na fiye da Yuro miliyan 2 don wannan dalili a cikin 2012 da 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-14 |title=Libyan city buries thousands in mass graves after flood as mayor says death toll could triple |url=https://apnews.com/article/libya-floods-derna-storm-daniel-mass-graves-21b1a195d261a642e12dac13f0d19431 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914110039/https://apnews.com/article/libya-floods-derna-storm-daniel-mass-graves-21b1a195d261a642e12dac13f0d19431 |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=Associated Press |language=en}}</ref> Koyaya, wani kamfanin gine-gine na Turkiyya da ake kira Arsel Construction Company Limited ya yi iƙirarin cewa an yi kwangila don yin aikin gyara a madatsar ruwan kuma ya gina wani a cikin 2007, kuma ya bayyana a shafin yanar gizon cewa ya kammala wannan aikin a cikin 2012. <ref name="probe">{{Cite web |date=16 September 2023 |title='Disaster of epic proportions': Libya prosecutor probes deadly dam collapse |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/16/disaster-of-epic-proportions-libya-prosecutor-probes-deadly-dam-collapse |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916203730/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/16/disaster-of-epic-proportions-libya-prosecutor-probes-deadly-dam-collapse |archive-date=16 September 2023 |access-date=16 September 2023 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]]}}</ref> Kwanan nan a shekarar 2022, wani mai bincike a [[Jami'ar Omar Al-Mukhtar]] da ke Bayda, Libya ya yi gargadi a cikin wata takarda cewa madatsun ruwa suna buƙatar kulawa ta gaggawa, yana nuna cewa akwai "babban yiwuwar haɗarin ambaliyar ruwa". <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Ashoor |first=Abdelwanees A. R |date=2022-07-26 <!--|year=2022--> |title= |script-title=ar: (SCS-CN) نموذج عمق الجريان السطحي لحوض وادي درنة بالتكامل بين تقنيات نظم املعلومات الجغر افية و تقدير |trans-title=Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil Conservation Service (SCS-CN) model |url=https://sebhau.edu.ly/journal/jopas/article/view/2137 |url-status=live |format=PDF |journal=Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences |language=Arabic |publisher=[[Sebha University]] Press |publication-date=2022-11-27 |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=90–100 |doi=10.51984/jopas.v21i2 |issn=2521-9200 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915110914/https://sebhau.edu.ly/journal/jopas/article/view/2137 |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=15 September 2023 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Pielke Jr. |first=Roger A. |author-link=Roger A. Pielke Jr. |date=2023-09-13 |title=Trends in Flooding in Africa |url=https://rogerpielkejr.substack.com/p/trends-in-flooding-in-africa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916042410/https://rogerpielkejr.substack.com/p/trends-in-flooding-in-africa |archive-date=16 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The Honest Broker}}</ref> Takardar ta kuma kira jami'ai da su yi gaggawa don gudanar da gyare-gyare a kan madatsun ruwa, suna mai cewa " (a cikin) babban ambaliyar ruwa, sakamakon zai zama bala'i". <ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":1" /> An san Wadi Derna da saurin ambaliyar ruwa, bayan da ya fuskanci manyan ambaliyar ambaliyar a 1942, 1959, 1968 da 1986. <ref name=":1" /> thg7hta1os0xc2g9cbr5iihrvmb431n 842507 842506 2026-05-29T15:31:18Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Rushewar madatsar ruwan Derna [[Sin|China]] mummunar gazawar madatsun ruwa guda biyu a Derna, Libya, a daren 10-11 Satumba 2023, bayan Guguwar Daniyel . Rushewar madatsar ruwan Abu Mansour da madatsar ruwa ta Derna sun fitar da kimanin mita cubic miliyan {{Convert|30|e6m3|e6yd3}} (mita cubic miliyan 39) na ruwa, <ref name="ajwhy">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Why did Derna's dams break when Storm Daniel hit Libya? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/13/why-did-dernas-dams-break-when-storm-daniel-hit-libya |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914105531/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/13/why-did-dernas-dams-break-when-storm-daniel-hit-libya |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=Aljazeera |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="decade">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914060642/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=France 24 |language=en}}</ref> wanda ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa yayin da Wadi Derna ya mamaye bankunanta. <ref name="ap">{{Cite web |last=Magdy |first=Samy |date=12 September 2023 |title=10,000 people are missing and thousands are feared dead as eastern Libya is devastated by floods |url=https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-floods-storm-daniel-95379b164871d97fb74b1cd1bcb5640c |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912202455/https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-floods-storm-daniel-95379b164871d97fb74b1cd1bcb5640c |archive-date=12 September 2023 |access-date=12 September 2023 |website=AP News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 September 2023 |title=Libya: Flash Floods In Derna |url=https://www.barrons.com/news/libya-flash-floods-in-derna-5752f323 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912212740/https://www.barrons.com/news/libya-flash-floods-in-derna-5752f323 |archive-date=12 September 2023 |access-date=12 September 2023 |publisher=Barron's}}</ref> Ambaliyar ta lalata birnin Derna. Mutuwar hukuma da mutanen da suka bace sun wuce 7,800 bisa ga kididdigar gwamnati, duk da haka, ƙididdigar da ba a hukuma ba game da adadin wadanda suka mutu da wadanda suka bace sun fi girma. <ref name="April 17, 2024 update">{{Cite web |date=17 April 2024 |title=Libya Assistance Overview, April 2024 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-assistance-overview-april-2024 |access-date=2 May 2024 |website=ReliefWeb |publisher=USAID}}</ref><ref name="RWupdate7">{{Cite web |date=24 September 2023 |title=Libya: Flood update Flash Update No.7 (23 September 2023) (as of 4pm local time) [EN/AR] |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-flood-update-flash-update-no7-23-september-2023-4pm-local-time-enar |access-date=26 September 2023 |website=reliefweb.int}}</ref><ref name="RWupdate1010">{{Cite web |date=11 October 2023 |title=Libya: Flood Response Humanitarian Update (As of 10 October 2023) [EN/AR] |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-flood-response-humanitarian-update-10-october-2023-enar |access-date=13 October 2023 |website=reliefweb.int}}</ref><ref name="OCHA_Report_231215">{{Cite web |date=18 December 2023 |title=Libya: Flood Response Humanitarian Update (as of 15 December 2023) - Libya {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-flood-response-humanitarian-update-15-december-2023 |access-date=20 December 2023 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}</ref> Wannan taron shine karo na biyu mafi muni a cikin tarihin madatsar ruwan, bayan gazawar madatsar ruwa ta Banqiao a shekarar 1975 a kasar Sin. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:مدينة_درنة_الليبية_.jpg|thumb|270x270px|Ra'ayi na Derna a watan Disamba na 2020, madatsar ruwa ta biyu tana bayyane a tsakiya-hagu.]] === Ginin madatsar ruwa === Kamfanin Yugoslav Hidrotehnika-Hidroenergetika <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wadi Derna |url=https://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/libya/wadi-derna/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915224652/https://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/libya/wadi-derna/ |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=hidrotehnika.rs |quote=Derna-Bou Mansur road 24 km long...}}</ref> ne ya gina madatsar ruwa da ta rushe a karkashin Gwamnatin Muammar Gaddafi a cikin shekarun 1970s don sarrafa ambaliyar ruwa, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Derna: The Libyan city known for rebellion — and neglect |url=https://www.dw.com/en/derna-the-libyan-city-known-for-rebellion-and-neglect/a-66822261 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915224646/https://www.dw.com/en/derna-the-libyan-city-known-for-rebellion-and-neglect/a-66822261 |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=dw.com |language=en}}</ref> ban ruwa da filayen noma da samar da ruwa ga al'ummomin da ke kusa. <ref name="decade">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914060642/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=France 24 |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making "Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making"]. </cite></ref> An bayyana su a matsayin madatsar ruwa mai cike da yumɓu tare da tsawo na mita 75 (madatsar ruwa ta Mansur) da mita 45 (madatsarar ruwa ta Derna). <ref name="apn" /> Dam din Derna (ko Belad) yana da damar ajiyar ruwa na cubic mita miliyan 1.5, yayin da madatsar ruwan Mansour (ko Abu Mansour <ref name="decade" />) a saman ruwa tana da damar cubic mita 22.5 miliyan. [3] <ref name="apn" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tara |first=Roopinder |date=21 September 2023 |title=A Dam Shame: Engineer's Warning Goes Unheeded and Eleven Thousand Die |url=https://www.engineering.com/a-dam-shame-engineers-warning-goes-unheeded-and-eleven-thousand-die/ |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=Engineering.com}}</ref> {{Efn|In contradiction to these references (AP News, hindustantimes, and engineering.com), the graphics in File:ECDM 20230915 FL Libya.pdf and File:ECDM 20230913 FL Libya.pdf both specifically name Monsur as downstream from the Derna Dam; the France24 reference "Libya’s deadly dam..." (2023-09-13) and the hidrotehnika reference also have Mansour smaller and downstream (tho' the latter also describes the 'Derna-Bou Mansur road' as 24 km long, implicitly contradicting its table entries); consistently with the refs, at Maps.google.com the 'Wadi Abu Mansour Dam' is shown upstream, visibly larger, and the 'Al-Balad Dam' (described as a weir) downstream and smaller, and OpenStreetMap<ref>{{cite web |title=Way: Abou Mansour (1207192349) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/1207192349#map=11/32.6594/22.5771 |website=OpenStreetMap |access-date=17 August 2025 |language=en |date=20 September 2023}}</ref> and MapCarta<!--<ref>{{cite web |title=Mansour dam |url=https://mapcarta.com/W1207192349 |website=Mapcarta |access-date=17 August 2025 |language=en}}</ref>--> also show Abu Mansour some miles upstream; the 2024 report by Ashoor and Eladawy also states that the Bou Mansour dam was 15.6km up the wadi.<ref name="Ashoor_Eladawy">{{cite journal |last1=Ashoor |first1=Abdelwanees |last2=Eladawy |first2=Ahmed |title=Navigating catastrophe: Lessons from Derna amid intensified flash floods in the Anthropocene |journal=Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration |date=2024 |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=1125–1140 |doi=10.1007/s41207-024-00566-4 |bibcode=2024EMJEI...9.1125A |quote=Bu Mansour Dam is located south of the city of Derna at a distance of 15.6 km when measuring the distance from the end of the stream |id={{doi-inline|10.21203/rs.3.rs-3858769/v1|Preprint}}}}</ref>}} An gabatar da tambayoyi game da hanyoyin da madatsun ruwa ke zubar a Derna; dukansu suna aiki ta amfani da ƙirar 'Bell-mouth spillway'.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Derna, Libya dam breaks and flood – Hydraulic and Coastal Engineering Laboratory |url=https://hydraulics.engin.umich.edu/sample-page/derna-libya-dam-breaks-and-flood/ |access-date=14 June 2025 |website=hydraulics.engin.umich.edu}}</ref> {{Efn|A spillway is a waterway used to dispose of excess flood water from a reservoir after it has been filled to capacity. Spillways are provided for all dams and serve as dam safety valves. A spillway can be located within the dam's body, at the dam's end, or totally separate from the dam as an independent structure. It is critical to provide a sufficient capacity spillway. On the other hand, a spillway with insufficient capacity may cause dam overtopping, resulting in serious and permanent damage to the dam or the dam's failure. It is possible that the cause of failure is overtopping followed by scour. This happens when the spillway is too small (the inflow rate too large) for the spillway to pass the inflow downstream without the water level rising higher and overflowing the dam itself.}} ==== Wuraren da aka yi ==== * Abu Mansour Dam - 32°39′34′′N 22°34′38′′E / 32.6594°N 22.5772°E / 32. 6594; 22.5771 (Abu Mansour Dam) {{Coord|32.6594|N|22.5772|E}} * Derna (ko Belad) Dam - 32°45′11′′N 22°37′53′′E / 32.75306°N 22.63139°E / 32. 75306; 22.63137 (Derna Dam) <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|32|45|11|N|22|37|53|E}} * Derna City - 32°45′49′′N 22°38′10′′E / 32.76361°N 22.63611°E / 32.36361; 22.63611.<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|32|45|49|N|22|38|10|E}} === Yanayin siyasa === Girman bala'in a Derna an danganta shi da shekarun da suka gabata na sakaci yankin ta hanyar bin mulkin [[Muammar Gaddafi]].<ref name="decade">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914060642/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=France 24 |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making "Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making"]. </cite></ref><ref name="vulnerable">{{Cite web |last=Pietromarchi |first=Virginia |date=2023-09-14 |title=Natural disaster or man-made, why was Libya so vulnerable to floods? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/14/natural-disaster-or-man-made-why-was-libya-so-vulnerable-to-floods |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915002734/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/14/natural-disaster-or-man-made-why-was-libya-so-vulnerable-to-floods |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=Aljazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref name="turmoil">{{Cite web |last=Chibelushi |first=Wedaeli |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya turmoil made Derna flooding even more deadly |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66797307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914080840/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66797307 |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=BBC |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 2010 birnin ya kasance fagen yaƙi, a lokacin Yaƙin basasar Libya, sa hannun NATO, da rikice-rikice tsakanin gwamnatocin adawa da aka kafa bayan hambarar da Gaddafi.<ref name="turmoil" /> Bayan da aka hambarar da Gaddafi, birnin ya sauya hannun sau hudu. === Gargadi === An bayar da rahoton fashewa a cikin madatsar ruwa tun farkon shekara ta 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-17 |title=Aid arrives as Libya copes with flooding aftermath |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230917-aid-arrives-as-libya-copes-with-flooding-aftermath |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230917070018/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230917-aid-arrives-as-libya-copes-with-flooding-aftermath |archive-date=17 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=France 24 |language=en}}</ref> Mataimakin magajin garin Derna ya ce ba a kula da madatsar ruwan ba tun 2002 kuma ba a gina su don tsayayya da irin wannan ruwa mai yawa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Deputy mayor of Derna, Libya's flooded city, describes situation |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/12/infrastructure-in-libyas-derna-not-built-to-withstand-storm-deputy-mayor |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913010339/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/12/infrastructure-in-libyas-derna-not-built-to-withstand-storm-deputy-mayor |archive-date=13 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref> A cewar wata hukumar binciken jihar, rashin kulawa ya faru duk da rabon da gwamnati ta bayar na fiye da Yuro miliyan 2 don wannan dalili a cikin 2012 da 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-14 |title=Libyan city buries thousands in mass graves after flood as mayor says death toll could triple |url=https://apnews.com/article/libya-floods-derna-storm-daniel-mass-graves-21b1a195d261a642e12dac13f0d19431 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914110039/https://apnews.com/article/libya-floods-derna-storm-daniel-mass-graves-21b1a195d261a642e12dac13f0d19431 |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=Associated Press |language=en}}</ref> Koyaya, wani kamfanin gine-gine na Turkiyya da ake kira Arsel Construction Company Limited ya yi iƙirarin cewa an yi kwangila don yin aikin gyara a madatsar ruwan kuma ya gina wani a cikin 2007, kuma ya bayyana a shafin yanar gizon cewa ya kammala wannan aikin a cikin 2012. <ref name="probe">{{Cite web |date=16 September 2023 |title='Disaster of epic proportions': Libya prosecutor probes deadly dam collapse |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/16/disaster-of-epic-proportions-libya-prosecutor-probes-deadly-dam-collapse |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916203730/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/16/disaster-of-epic-proportions-libya-prosecutor-probes-deadly-dam-collapse |archive-date=16 September 2023 |access-date=16 September 2023 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]]}}</ref> Kwanan nan a shekarar 2022, wani mai bincike a [[Jami'ar Omar Al-Mukhtar]] da ke Bayda, Libya ya yi gargadi a cikin wata takarda cewa madatsun ruwa suna buƙatar kulawa ta gaggawa, yana nuna cewa akwai "babban yiwuwar haɗarin ambaliyar ruwa". <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Ashoor |first=Abdelwanees A. R |date=2022-07-26 <!--|year=2022--> |title= |script-title=ar: (SCS-CN) نموذج عمق الجريان السطحي لحوض وادي درنة بالتكامل بين تقنيات نظم املعلومات الجغر افية و تقدير |trans-title=Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil Conservation Service (SCS-CN) model |url=https://sebhau.edu.ly/journal/jopas/article/view/2137 |url-status=live |format=PDF |journal=Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences |language=Arabic |publisher=[[Sebha University]] Press |publication-date=2022-11-27 |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=90–100 |doi=10.51984/jopas.v21i2 |issn=2521-9200 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915110914/https://sebhau.edu.ly/journal/jopas/article/view/2137 |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=15 September 2023 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Pielke Jr. |first=Roger A. |author-link=Roger A. Pielke Jr. |date=2023-09-13 |title=Trends in Flooding in Africa |url=https://rogerpielkejr.substack.com/p/trends-in-flooding-in-africa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916042410/https://rogerpielkejr.substack.com/p/trends-in-flooding-in-africa |archive-date=16 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The Honest Broker}}</ref> Takardar ta kuma kira jami'ai da su yi gaggawa don gudanar da gyare-gyare a kan madatsun ruwa, suna mai cewa " (a cikin) babban ambaliyar ruwa, sakamakon zai zama bala'i". <ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":1" /> An san Wadi Derna da saurin ambaliyar ruwa, bayan da ya fuskanci manyan ambaliyar ambaliyar a 1942, 1959, 1968 da 1986. <ref name=":1" /> ==manazarta== lecog73eykbeshzwsep4430av7m3wyb 842508 842507 2026-05-29T15:32:12Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Ibrahim abusufyan moved page [[Derna dam collapses]] to [[Rushewar Derna dam]] 842507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Rushewar madatsar ruwan Derna [[Sin|China]] mummunar gazawar madatsun ruwa guda biyu a Derna, Libya, a daren 10-11 Satumba 2023, bayan Guguwar Daniyel . Rushewar madatsar ruwan Abu Mansour da madatsar ruwa ta Derna sun fitar da kimanin mita cubic miliyan {{Convert|30|e6m3|e6yd3}} (mita cubic miliyan 39) na ruwa, <ref name="ajwhy">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Why did Derna's dams break when Storm Daniel hit Libya? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/13/why-did-dernas-dams-break-when-storm-daniel-hit-libya |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914105531/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/13/why-did-dernas-dams-break-when-storm-daniel-hit-libya |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=Aljazeera |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="decade">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914060642/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=France 24 |language=en}}</ref> wanda ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa yayin da Wadi Derna ya mamaye bankunanta. <ref name="ap">{{Cite web |last=Magdy |first=Samy |date=12 September 2023 |title=10,000 people are missing and thousands are feared dead as eastern Libya is devastated by floods |url=https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-floods-storm-daniel-95379b164871d97fb74b1cd1bcb5640c |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912202455/https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-floods-storm-daniel-95379b164871d97fb74b1cd1bcb5640c |archive-date=12 September 2023 |access-date=12 September 2023 |website=AP News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 September 2023 |title=Libya: Flash Floods In Derna |url=https://www.barrons.com/news/libya-flash-floods-in-derna-5752f323 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912212740/https://www.barrons.com/news/libya-flash-floods-in-derna-5752f323 |archive-date=12 September 2023 |access-date=12 September 2023 |publisher=Barron's}}</ref> Ambaliyar ta lalata birnin Derna. Mutuwar hukuma da mutanen da suka bace sun wuce 7,800 bisa ga kididdigar gwamnati, duk da haka, ƙididdigar da ba a hukuma ba game da adadin wadanda suka mutu da wadanda suka bace sun fi girma. <ref name="April 17, 2024 update">{{Cite web |date=17 April 2024 |title=Libya Assistance Overview, April 2024 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-assistance-overview-april-2024 |access-date=2 May 2024 |website=ReliefWeb |publisher=USAID}}</ref><ref name="RWupdate7">{{Cite web |date=24 September 2023 |title=Libya: Flood update Flash Update No.7 (23 September 2023) (as of 4pm local time) [EN/AR] |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-flood-update-flash-update-no7-23-september-2023-4pm-local-time-enar |access-date=26 September 2023 |website=reliefweb.int}}</ref><ref name="RWupdate1010">{{Cite web |date=11 October 2023 |title=Libya: Flood Response Humanitarian Update (As of 10 October 2023) [EN/AR] |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-flood-response-humanitarian-update-10-october-2023-enar |access-date=13 October 2023 |website=reliefweb.int}}</ref><ref name="OCHA_Report_231215">{{Cite web |date=18 December 2023 |title=Libya: Flood Response Humanitarian Update (as of 15 December 2023) - Libya {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/libya/libya-flood-response-humanitarian-update-15-december-2023 |access-date=20 December 2023 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}</ref> Wannan taron shine karo na biyu mafi muni a cikin tarihin madatsar ruwan, bayan gazawar madatsar ruwa ta Banqiao a shekarar 1975 a kasar Sin. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:مدينة_درنة_الليبية_.jpg|thumb|270x270px|Ra'ayi na Derna a watan Disamba na 2020, madatsar ruwa ta biyu tana bayyane a tsakiya-hagu.]] === Ginin madatsar ruwa === Kamfanin Yugoslav Hidrotehnika-Hidroenergetika <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wadi Derna |url=https://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/libya/wadi-derna/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915224652/https://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/libya/wadi-derna/ |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=hidrotehnika.rs |quote=Derna-Bou Mansur road 24 km long...}}</ref> ne ya gina madatsar ruwa da ta rushe a karkashin Gwamnatin Muammar Gaddafi a cikin shekarun 1970s don sarrafa ambaliyar ruwa, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Derna: The Libyan city known for rebellion — and neglect |url=https://www.dw.com/en/derna-the-libyan-city-known-for-rebellion-and-neglect/a-66822261 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915224646/https://www.dw.com/en/derna-the-libyan-city-known-for-rebellion-and-neglect/a-66822261 |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=dw.com |language=en}}</ref> ban ruwa da filayen noma da samar da ruwa ga al'ummomin da ke kusa. <ref name="decade">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914060642/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=France 24 |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making "Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making"]. </cite></ref> An bayyana su a matsayin madatsar ruwa mai cike da yumɓu tare da tsawo na mita 75 (madatsar ruwa ta Mansur) da mita 45 (madatsarar ruwa ta Derna). <ref name="apn" /> Dam din Derna (ko Belad) yana da damar ajiyar ruwa na cubic mita miliyan 1.5, yayin da madatsar ruwan Mansour (ko Abu Mansour <ref name="decade" />) a saman ruwa tana da damar cubic mita 22.5 miliyan. [3] <ref name="apn" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tara |first=Roopinder |date=21 September 2023 |title=A Dam Shame: Engineer's Warning Goes Unheeded and Eleven Thousand Die |url=https://www.engineering.com/a-dam-shame-engineers-warning-goes-unheeded-and-eleven-thousand-die/ |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=Engineering.com}}</ref> {{Efn|In contradiction to these references (AP News, hindustantimes, and engineering.com), the graphics in File:ECDM 20230915 FL Libya.pdf and File:ECDM 20230913 FL Libya.pdf both specifically name Monsur as downstream from the Derna Dam; the France24 reference "Libya’s deadly dam..." (2023-09-13) and the hidrotehnika reference also have Mansour smaller and downstream (tho' the latter also describes the 'Derna-Bou Mansur road' as 24 km long, implicitly contradicting its table entries); consistently with the refs, at Maps.google.com the 'Wadi Abu Mansour Dam' is shown upstream, visibly larger, and the 'Al-Balad Dam' (described as a weir) downstream and smaller, and OpenStreetMap<ref>{{cite web |title=Way: Abou Mansour (1207192349) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/1207192349#map=11/32.6594/22.5771 |website=OpenStreetMap |access-date=17 August 2025 |language=en |date=20 September 2023}}</ref> and MapCarta<!--<ref>{{cite web |title=Mansour dam |url=https://mapcarta.com/W1207192349 |website=Mapcarta |access-date=17 August 2025 |language=en}}</ref>--> also show Abu Mansour some miles upstream; the 2024 report by Ashoor and Eladawy also states that the Bou Mansour dam was 15.6km up the wadi.<ref name="Ashoor_Eladawy">{{cite journal |last1=Ashoor |first1=Abdelwanees |last2=Eladawy |first2=Ahmed |title=Navigating catastrophe: Lessons from Derna amid intensified flash floods in the Anthropocene |journal=Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration |date=2024 |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=1125–1140 |doi=10.1007/s41207-024-00566-4 |bibcode=2024EMJEI...9.1125A |quote=Bu Mansour Dam is located south of the city of Derna at a distance of 15.6 km when measuring the distance from the end of the stream |id={{doi-inline|10.21203/rs.3.rs-3858769/v1|Preprint}}}}</ref>}} An gabatar da tambayoyi game da hanyoyin da madatsun ruwa ke zubar a Derna; dukansu suna aiki ta amfani da ƙirar 'Bell-mouth spillway'.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Derna, Libya dam breaks and flood – Hydraulic and Coastal Engineering Laboratory |url=https://hydraulics.engin.umich.edu/sample-page/derna-libya-dam-breaks-and-flood/ |access-date=14 June 2025 |website=hydraulics.engin.umich.edu}}</ref> {{Efn|A spillway is a waterway used to dispose of excess flood water from a reservoir after it has been filled to capacity. Spillways are provided for all dams and serve as dam safety valves. A spillway can be located within the dam's body, at the dam's end, or totally separate from the dam as an independent structure. It is critical to provide a sufficient capacity spillway. On the other hand, a spillway with insufficient capacity may cause dam overtopping, resulting in serious and permanent damage to the dam or the dam's failure. It is possible that the cause of failure is overtopping followed by scour. This happens when the spillway is too small (the inflow rate too large) for the spillway to pass the inflow downstream without the water level rising higher and overflowing the dam itself.}} ==== Wuraren da aka yi ==== * Abu Mansour Dam - 32°39′34′′N 22°34′38′′E / 32.6594°N 22.5772°E / 32. 6594; 22.5771 (Abu Mansour Dam) {{Coord|32.6594|N|22.5772|E}} * Derna (ko Belad) Dam - 32°45′11′′N 22°37′53′′E / 32.75306°N 22.63139°E / 32. 75306; 22.63137 (Derna Dam) <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|32|45|11|N|22|37|53|E}} * Derna City - 32°45′49′′N 22°38′10′′E / 32.76361°N 22.63611°E / 32.36361; 22.63611.<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|32|45|49|N|22|38|10|E}} === Yanayin siyasa === Girman bala'in a Derna an danganta shi da shekarun da suka gabata na sakaci yankin ta hanyar bin mulkin [[Muammar Gaddafi]].<ref name="decade">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914060642/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=France 24 |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-libya-s-deadly-dam-collapse-was-decades-in-the-making "Libya's deadly dam collapse was decades in the making"]. </cite></ref><ref name="vulnerable">{{Cite web |last=Pietromarchi |first=Virginia |date=2023-09-14 |title=Natural disaster or man-made, why was Libya so vulnerable to floods? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/14/natural-disaster-or-man-made-why-was-libya-so-vulnerable-to-floods |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915002734/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/14/natural-disaster-or-man-made-why-was-libya-so-vulnerable-to-floods |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=Aljazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref name="turmoil">{{Cite web |last=Chibelushi |first=Wedaeli |date=2023-09-13 |title=Libya turmoil made Derna flooding even more deadly |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66797307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914080840/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66797307 |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=BBC |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 2010 birnin ya kasance fagen yaƙi, a lokacin Yaƙin basasar Libya, sa hannun NATO, da rikice-rikice tsakanin gwamnatocin adawa da aka kafa bayan hambarar da Gaddafi.<ref name="turmoil" /> Bayan da aka hambarar da Gaddafi, birnin ya sauya hannun sau hudu. === Gargadi === An bayar da rahoton fashewa a cikin madatsar ruwa tun farkon shekara ta 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-17 |title=Aid arrives as Libya copes with flooding aftermath |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230917-aid-arrives-as-libya-copes-with-flooding-aftermath |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230917070018/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230917-aid-arrives-as-libya-copes-with-flooding-aftermath |archive-date=17 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=France 24 |language=en}}</ref> Mataimakin magajin garin Derna ya ce ba a kula da madatsar ruwan ba tun 2002 kuma ba a gina su don tsayayya da irin wannan ruwa mai yawa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-13 |title=Deputy mayor of Derna, Libya's flooded city, describes situation |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/12/infrastructure-in-libyas-derna-not-built-to-withstand-storm-deputy-mayor |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913010339/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/12/infrastructure-in-libyas-derna-not-built-to-withstand-storm-deputy-mayor |archive-date=13 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref> A cewar wata hukumar binciken jihar, rashin kulawa ya faru duk da rabon da gwamnati ta bayar na fiye da Yuro miliyan 2 don wannan dalili a cikin 2012 da 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-14 |title=Libyan city buries thousands in mass graves after flood as mayor says death toll could triple |url=https://apnews.com/article/libya-floods-derna-storm-daniel-mass-graves-21b1a195d261a642e12dac13f0d19431 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914110039/https://apnews.com/article/libya-floods-derna-storm-daniel-mass-graves-21b1a195d261a642e12dac13f0d19431 |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=Associated Press |language=en}}</ref> Koyaya, wani kamfanin gine-gine na Turkiyya da ake kira Arsel Construction Company Limited ya yi iƙirarin cewa an yi kwangila don yin aikin gyara a madatsar ruwan kuma ya gina wani a cikin 2007, kuma ya bayyana a shafin yanar gizon cewa ya kammala wannan aikin a cikin 2012. <ref name="probe">{{Cite web |date=16 September 2023 |title='Disaster of epic proportions': Libya prosecutor probes deadly dam collapse |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/16/disaster-of-epic-proportions-libya-prosecutor-probes-deadly-dam-collapse |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916203730/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/16/disaster-of-epic-proportions-libya-prosecutor-probes-deadly-dam-collapse |archive-date=16 September 2023 |access-date=16 September 2023 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Aljazeera]]}}</ref> Kwanan nan a shekarar 2022, wani mai bincike a [[Jami'ar Omar Al-Mukhtar]] da ke Bayda, Libya ya yi gargadi a cikin wata takarda cewa madatsun ruwa suna buƙatar kulawa ta gaggawa, yana nuna cewa akwai "babban yiwuwar haɗarin ambaliyar ruwa". <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Ashoor |first=Abdelwanees A. R |date=2022-07-26 <!--|year=2022--> |title= |script-title=ar: (SCS-CN) نموذج عمق الجريان السطحي لحوض وادي درنة بالتكامل بين تقنيات نظم املعلومات الجغر افية و تقدير |trans-title=Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil Conservation Service (SCS-CN) model |url=https://sebhau.edu.ly/journal/jopas/article/view/2137 |url-status=live |format=PDF |journal=Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences |language=Arabic |publisher=[[Sebha University]] Press |publication-date=2022-11-27 |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=90–100 |doi=10.51984/jopas.v21i2 |issn=2521-9200 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915110914/https://sebhau.edu.ly/journal/jopas/article/view/2137 |archive-date=15 September 2023 |access-date=15 September 2023 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Pielke Jr. |first=Roger A. |author-link=Roger A. Pielke Jr. |date=2023-09-13 |title=Trends in Flooding in Africa |url=https://rogerpielkejr.substack.com/p/trends-in-flooding-in-africa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916042410/https://rogerpielkejr.substack.com/p/trends-in-flooding-in-africa |archive-date=16 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The Honest Broker}}</ref> Takardar ta kuma kira jami'ai da su yi gaggawa don gudanar da gyare-gyare a kan madatsun ruwa, suna mai cewa " (a cikin) babban ambaliyar ruwa, sakamakon zai zama bala'i". <ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":1" /> An san Wadi Derna da saurin ambaliyar ruwa, bayan da ya fuskanci manyan ambaliyar ambaliyar a 1942, 1959, 1968 da 1986. <ref name=":1" /> ==manazarta== lecog73eykbeshzwsep4430av7m3wyb 0 153113 842509 2026-05-29T15:32:12Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Ibrahim abusufyan moved page [[Derna dam collapses]] to [[Rushewar Derna dam]] 842509 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Rushewar Derna dam]] 9vy0sut4rp4udbfk8arv7bkvnm1701j 0 153114 842510 2026-05-29T15:34:13Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329177543|Manombo River]]" 842510 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Manombo''' kogi ne a Kudancin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]]. Yana kwarara a [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da ƙauyen Manombo Sud kuma RN 9 yana ketarewa kusa da Beroroha. Ruwan sama a yankin Manombo Sud yana da matsakaicin kusan mm 491 kawai a kowace shekara, tare da babban yanayin sauyin ruwan sama. Saboda haka, tsarin kwararar kogin ba shi da kyau saboda kwararar ruwan ba ta da lokaci, ana siffanta shi da ambaliyar ruwa ba zato ba tsammani daga watan Nuwamba zuwa watan Maris, sannan bushewa da sauri, kuma ba kasafai yake isa teku ba. == Manazarta == Ibrahim abusufyanManombo RiverIbrahim abusufyanManombo RiverIbrahim abusufyanManombo River == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Commons category-inline}} mkoxnsohvahcpbaohok0ih38rzejwrd 842511 842510 2026-05-29T15:34:52Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842511 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Manombo''' kogi ne a Kudancin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]]. Yana kwarara a [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da ƙauyen Manombo Sud kuma RN 9 yana ketarewa kusa da Beroroha. Ruwan sama a yankin Manombo Sud yana da matsakaicin kusan mm 491 kawai a kowace shekara, tare da babban yanayin sauyin ruwan sama. Saboda haka, tsarin kwararar kogin ba shi da kyau saboda kwararar ruwan ba ta da lokaci, ana siffanta shi da ambaliyar ruwa ba zato ba tsammani daga watan Nuwamba zuwa watan Maris, sannan bushewa da sauri, kuma ba kasafai yake isa teku ba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Commons category-inline}} sgkutj6hyoa0826lty024xgo7f1i5ss 842514 842511 2026-05-29T15:36:29Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842514 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Manombo''' kogi ne a Kudancin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]]. Yana kwarara a [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da ƙauyen Manombo Sud kuma RN 9 yana ketarewa kusa da Beroroha.<ref>[https://waterwaymap.org/river/Manombo%20000111253094/ Manombo river map]</ref> Ruwan sama a yankin Manombo Sud yana da matsakaicin kusan mm 491 kawai a kowace shekara, tare da babban yanayin sauyin ruwan sama.<ref>[https://hal.science/hal-04222731v1/document LA SÉCHERESSE FLUVIALE ET SES IMPACTS SOCIO-ENVIRONNEMENTAUX: CAS DE LA VALLÉE DE MANOMBO, SUD-OUEST DE MADAGASCAR]</ref> Saboda haka, tsarin kwararar kogin ba shi da kyau saboda kwararar ruwan ba ta da lokaci, ana siffanta shi da ambaliyar ruwa ba zato ba tsammani daga watan Nuwamba zuwa watan Maris, sannan bushewa da sauri, kuma ba kasafai yake isa teku ba.<ref>[https://hal.science/hal-04222731v1/document LA SÉCHERESSE FLUVIALE ET SES IMPACTS SOCIO-ENVIRONNEMENTAUX: CAS DE LA VALLÉE DE MANOMBO, SUD-OUEST DE MADAGASCAR]</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Commons category-inline}} mq33a48icqbswafztbavu71l0jnii6h 842517 842514 2026-05-29T15:37:46Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Manombo''' kogi ne a Kudancin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]]. Yana kwarara a [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da ƙauyen Manombo Sud kuma RN 9 yana ketarewa kusa da Beroroha.<ref>[https://waterwaymap.org/river/Manombo%20000111253094/ Manombo river map]</ref> Ruwan sama a yankin Manombo Sud yana da matsakaicin kusan mm 491 kawai a kowace shekara, tare da babban yanayin sauyin ruwan sama.<ref>[https://hal.science/hal-04222731v1/document LA SÉCHERESSE FLUVIALE ET SES IMPACTS SOCIO-ENVIRONNEMENTAUX: CAS DE LA VALLÉE DE MANOMBO, SUD-OUEST DE MADAGASCAR]</ref> Saboda haka, tsarin kwararar kogin ba shi da kyau saboda kwararar ruwan ba ta da lokaci, ana siffanta shi da ambaliyar ruwa ba zato ba tsammani daga watan Nuwamba zuwa watan Maris, sannan bushewa da sauri, kuma ba kasafai yake isa teku ba.<ref>[https://hal.science/hal-04222731v1/document LA SÉCHERESSE FLUVIALE ET SES IMPACTS SOCIO-ENVIRONNEMENTAUX: CAS DE LA VALLÉE DE MANOMBO, SUD-OUEST DE MADAGASCAR]</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Commons category-inline}} h0jf2pc99eg19u3w42v38l05grzi966 0 153115 842512 2026-05-29T15:35:17Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1301870937|Wadi Ghan Dam]]" 842512 wikitext text/x-wiki Wadi Ghan Dam wani madatsar ruwa ne mai cike da dutse wanda ke kan Wadi Al-Hira, kilomita {{Convert|14|km|mi|0}} (9 arewa maso gabashin Gharyan a cikin Gundumar Jabal al Gharbi ta Libya . An kammala shi a shekara ta 1982, ainihin manufar madatsar ruwan ita ce samar da ruwa don ban ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wadi Ghan Dam, Libya |url=http://www.cccorpn.com/wadi-ghan-dam.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190105002959/http://www.cccorpn.com/wadi-ghan-dam.htm |archive-date=5 January 2019 |access-date=20 August 2011 |publisher=Continental Construction Corp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=African Dam Factsheet |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/damsafrica/african_dams_20110210.xls |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref> == Manazartaa == asu99l0azjhj2sc6klm6pguoxh5caud 842513 842512 2026-05-29T15:35:39Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Wadi Ghan Dam wani madatsar ruwa ne mai cike da dutse wanda ke kan Wadi Al-Hira, kilomita {{Convert|14|km|mi|0}} (9 arewa maso gabashin Gharyan a cikin Gundumar Jabal al Gharbi ta Libya . An kammala shi a shekara ta 1982, ainihin manufar madatsar ruwan ita ce samar da ruwa don ban ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wadi Ghan Dam, Libya |url=http://www.cccorpn.com/wadi-ghan-dam.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190105002959/http://www.cccorpn.com/wadi-ghan-dam.htm |archive-date=5 January 2019 |access-date=20 August 2011 |publisher=Continental Construction Corp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=African Dam Factsheet |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/damsafrica/african_dams_20110210.xls |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref> == Manazartaa == bxbiljx9oj6c3plcvsgpwvtsylkkuyl 0 153116 842515 2026-05-29T15:37:05Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334574346|Wadi Kaam Dam]]" 842515 wikitext text/x-wiki Wadi Kaam Dam wani madatsar ruwa ne wanda ke kan Wadi Kaam, {{Convert|22|km|mi|0}} km (14 yammacin Zliten a Gundumar Misrata, Libya . An kammala shi a shekara ta 1979, ainihin manufar madatsar ruwan shine samar da ruwa don ban ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2011 |title=African Dam Factsheet |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/damsafrica/african_dams_20110210.xls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026043028/http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/damsafrica/african_dams_20110210.xls |archive-date=26 October 2012 |access-date=27 August 2011 |website=[[UN FAO]] |format=[[.xls]]}}</ref> Energoprojekthi Hidroinženjering ne ya tsara kuma ya gina madatsar ruwan, wani reshe na kamfanin injiniya na Yugoslavian Energopro Projekt, a karkashin kulawar Babban Injiniya [[Stojan J. Čanović]]. == Manazarta == 844e5mss67a8w5ghdx9ut7gbagk7cqx 842516 842515 2026-05-29T15:37:24Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Wadi Kaam Dam wani madatsar ruwa ne wanda ke kan Wadi Kaam, {{Convert|22|km|mi|0}} km (14 yammacin Zliten a Gundumar Misrata, Libya . An kammala shi a shekara ta 1979, ainihin manufar madatsar ruwan shine samar da ruwa don ban ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2011 |title=African Dam Factsheet |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/damsafrica/african_dams_20110210.xls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026043028/http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/damsafrica/african_dams_20110210.xls |archive-date=26 October 2012 |access-date=27 August 2011 |website=[[UN FAO]] |format=[[.xls]]}}</ref> Energoprojekthi Hidroinženjering ne ya tsara kuma ya gina madatsar ruwan, wani reshe na kamfanin injiniya na Yugoslavian Energopro Projekt, a karkashin kulawar Babban Injiniya [[Stojan J. Čanović]]. == Manazarta == 65bceuh91zhj8ychm2zx5jru8w7c1xq 0 153117 842518 2026-05-29T15:38:33Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1282466722|Wadi Lebda Dam]]" 842518 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wadi Lebda Dam''' wani madatsar ruwa ne wanda ke kan Wadi Lebd, kilomita {{Convert|5|km|mi|0}} (3 kudu da Khoms a cikin Gundumar Murqub, Libya . An kammala shi a shekara ta 1982, ainihin manufar madatsar ruwan ita ce samar da ruwa don ban ruwa da kula da ambaliyar ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Dam Factsheet |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/damsafrica/african_dams_20110210.xls |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref> == Manazarta == elgi7qiu3kjvykv210jr7k99qyq600f 842519 842518 2026-05-29T15:38:54Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Wadi Lebda Dam''' wani madatsar ruwa ne wanda ke kan Wadi Lebd, kilomita {{Convert|5|km|mi|0}} (3 kudu da Khoms a cikin Gundumar Murqub, Libya . An kammala shi a shekara ta 1982, ainihin manufar madatsar ruwan ita ce samar da ruwa don ban ruwa da kula da ambaliyar ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Dam Factsheet |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/damsafrica/african_dams_20110210.xls |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref> == Manazarta == nr3zz90sy7qdviou9blbrwtndyc98vd 0 153118 842520 2026-05-29T15:40:20Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1282466774|Wadi Mejenin Dam]]" 842520 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wadi Mejenin Dam''' wani madatsar ruwa ne wanda ke kan Wadi Mezhenin, {{Convert|64|km|mi|0}} (40 kudu da [[Libya]]" id="mwHw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tripoli, Libya">Tripoli a cikin Gundumar Jabal al Gharbi ta Libya . An kammala shi a cikin 1972, babban manufar madatsar ruwan shine samar da ruwa don ban ruwa da kula da ambaliyar ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Dam Factsheet |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/damsafrica/african_dams_20110210.xls |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref> == Manazarta == lxu234fllb2od5xh5wabcubqozxpqfj 842521 842520 2026-05-29T15:40:37Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842521 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Wadi Mejenin Dam''' wani madatsar ruwa ne wanda ke kan Wadi Mezhenin, {{Convert|64|km|mi|0}} (40 kudu da [[Libya]]" id="mwHw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tripoli, Libya">Tripoli a cikin Gundumar Jabal al Gharbi ta Libya . An kammala shi a cikin 1972, babban manufar madatsar ruwan shine samar da ruwa don ban ruwa da kula da ambaliyar ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Dam Factsheet |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/damsafrica/african_dams_20110210.xls |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref> == Manazarta == i9tf3hqitfqsd2dymje5hkio4lmu5oq 0 153119 842522 2026-05-29T15:41:35Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1306129711|Mangoro River]]" 842522 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Carte_bassin_Mangoro.svg|left|thumb|babban birnin Mangoro]] '''Kogin Mangoro''' shine kogi mafi girma a gabar tekun gabashin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] ta girman kwarin da kuma yawan ruwa, kuma yana da faɗin murabba'in mita 300.&nbsp;tsawon kilomita. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mangoro River (Madagascar) |url=http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88005391.html |access-date=2013-03-05 |website=LC Linked Data Service (Library of Congress)}}</ref> == Bayani == Mangoro ya fara ne a arewa maso gabashin garin Anjozorobe a yankin Analamanga, kimanin mita 1,100. Babban magudanar ruwansa ita ce [[Kogin Onive]] (wanda ya haɗu a gefen dama a 200).&nbsp;kilomita daga tushen kogin) da [[Kogin Nosivolo]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-11-25 |title=MADAGASCAR: New Livelihoods to Protect A River's Life |url=http://www.globalissues.org/news/2010/11/25/7760 |access-date=2013-03-05 |website=Global Issues, Inter Press Service}}</ref> Bakinsa yana [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da garin Ambodiharina. Saboda yawan rafukan ruwa da ke cikinta, Mangoro yana kula da kwararar ruwa mai yawa a duk shekara, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama kogi mai kyau don yin rafting. <ref name="Mangoro river 2">{{Cite web |title=Mangoro river |url=http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=5 March 2013}}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2012, Kamfanin Sherritt International Corporation ya yi niyyar amfani da Kogin Mangoro a matsayin tushen ruwa don bututun ruwa mai ɗauke da ma'adinai don haƙar ma'adinai na aikin Ambatovy, wanda hakan ya haifar da damuwa game da muhalli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-04-10 |title=Another Mining Horror Story? Sherritt International Corporation's Ambatovy Project in Madagascar |url=http://www.miningwatch.ca/article/another-mining-horror-story-sherritt-international-corporation-s-ambatovy-project-madagascar |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418004337/http://www.miningwatch.ca/article/another-mining-horror-story-sherritt-international-corporation-s-ambatovy-project-madagascar |archive-date=2012-04-18 |access-date=2013-03-05 |publisher=[[MiningWatch Canada]]}}</ref> == Namun daji == Akwai ƙananan adadin kada a yankunan da ke cikin kwanciyar hankali na kogin, amma yawansu bai kai haka ba kuma yana ci gaba da raguwa. <ref name="Mangoro river 2">{{Cite web |title=Mangoro river |url=http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=5 March 2013}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html "Mangoro river"]. </cite></ref> == Manazarta == Manombo RiverMangoro RiverManombo RiverMangoro RiverManombo RiverMangoro RiverManombo RiverMangoro River 9fsgp9nk28s37bepl3amitovb6lyhqf 842525 842522 2026-05-29T15:45:23Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842525 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Carte_bassin_Mangoro.svg|left|thumb|babban birnin Mangoro]] '''Kogin Mangoro''' shine kogi mafi girma a gabar tekun gabashin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] ta girman kwarin da kuma yawan ruwa, kuma yana da faɗin murabba'in mita 300.&nbsp;tsawon kilomita. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mangoro River (Madagascar) |url=http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88005391.html |access-date=2013-03-05 |website=LC Linked Data Service (Library of Congress)}}</ref> == Bayani == Mangoro ya fara ne a arewa maso gabashin garin Anjozorobe a yankin Analamanga, kimanin mita 1,100. Babban magudanar ruwansa ita ce [[Kogin Onive]] (wanda ya haɗu a gefen dama a 200).&nbsp;kilomita daga tushen kogin) da [[Kogin Nosivolo]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-11-25 |title=MADAGASCAR: New Livelihoods to Protect A River's Life |url=http://www.globalissues.org/news/2010/11/25/7760 |access-date=2013-03-05 |website=Global Issues, Inter Press Service}}</ref> Bakinsa yana [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da garin Ambodiharina. Saboda yawan rafukan ruwa da ke cikinta, Mangoro yana kula da kwararar ruwa mai yawa a duk shekara, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama kogi mai kyau don yin rafting. <ref name="Mangoro river 2">{{Cite web |title=Mangoro river |url=http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=5 March 2013}}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2012, Kamfanin Sherritt International Corporation ya yi niyyar amfani da Kogin Mangoro a matsayin tushen ruwa don bututun ruwa mai ɗauke da ma'adinai don haƙar ma'adinai na aikin Ambatovy, wanda hakan ya haifar da damuwa game da muhalli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-04-10 |title=Another Mining Horror Story? Sherritt International Corporation's Ambatovy Project in Madagascar |url=http://www.miningwatch.ca/article/another-mining-horror-story-sherritt-international-corporation-s-ambatovy-project-madagascar |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418004337/http://www.miningwatch.ca/article/another-mining-horror-story-sherritt-international-corporation-s-ambatovy-project-madagascar |archive-date=2012-04-18 |access-date=2013-03-05 |publisher=[[MiningWatch Canada]]}}</ref> == Namun daji == Akwai ƙananan adadin kada a yankunan da ke cikin kwanciyar hankali na kogin, amma yawansu bai kai haka ba kuma yana ci gaba da raguwa. <ref name="Mangoro river 2">{{Cite web |title=Mangoro river |url=http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=5 March 2013}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html "Mangoro river"]. </cite></ref> == Manazarta == 2ch8s5vb3m8zu2g5l6nt9qr5x9jwg2a 842528 842525 2026-05-29T15:47:47Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842528 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Carte_bassin_Mangoro.svg|left|thumb|babban birnin Mangoro]] '''Kogin Mangoro''' shine kogi mafi girma a gabar tekun gabashin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] ta girman kwarin da kuma yawan ruwa, kuma yana da faɗin murabba'in mita 300.&nbsp;tsawon kilomita. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mangoro River (Madagascar) |url=http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88005391.html |access-date=2013-03-05 |website=LC Linked Data Service (Library of Congress)}}</ref> == Bayani == Mangoro ya fara ne a arewa maso gabashin garin Anjozorobe a yankin Analamanga, kimanin mita 1,100.<ref name="Madagascar">{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=159&catid=322&Itemid=179|title=Madagascar}}</ref> Babban magudanar ruwansa ita ce [[Kogin Onive]] (wanda ya haɗu a gefen dama a 200).&nbsp;kilomita daga tushen kogin) da [[Kogin Nosivolo]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-11-25 |title=MADAGASCAR: New Livelihoods to Protect A River's Life |url=http://www.globalissues.org/news/2010/11/25/7760 |access-date=2013-03-05 |website=Global Issues, Inter Press Service}}</ref> Bakinsa yana [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da garin Ambodiharina.<ref>{{Cite web | title = MADAGASCAR: New Livelihoods to Protect A River's Life | work = Global Issues, Inter Press Service| accessdate = 2013-03-05| date = 2010-11-25| url = http://www.globalissues.org/news/2010/11/25/7760}}</ref><ref name="mission">Campbell, Gwynn. [https://books.google.com/books?id=7pDNL4apVpgC&pg=PA488 David Griffiths and the Missionary "History of Madagascar"], p. 488–89 ([[Brill Publishers|Brill]] 2012) (citing Aldegheri, Marius. ''The Rivers and Streams on Madagascar'', in Battistini, Rene & G. Richard-Vindard (ed.), ''Biogeography and Ecology in Madagascar'' (1972))</ref> Saboda yawan rafukan ruwa da ke cikinta, Mangoro yana kula da kwararar ruwa mai yawa a duk shekara, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama kogi mai kyau don yin rafting. <ref name="Mangoro river 2">{{Cite web |title=Mangoro river |url=http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=5 March 2013}}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2012, Kamfanin Sherritt International Corporation ya yi niyyar amfani da Kogin Mangoro a matsayin tushen ruwa don bututun ruwa mai ɗauke da ma'adinai don haƙar ma'adinai na aikin Ambatovy, wanda hakan ya haifar da damuwa game da muhalli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-04-10 |title=Another Mining Horror Story? Sherritt International Corporation's Ambatovy Project in Madagascar |url=http://www.miningwatch.ca/article/another-mining-horror-story-sherritt-international-corporation-s-ambatovy-project-madagascar |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418004337/http://www.miningwatch.ca/article/another-mining-horror-story-sherritt-international-corporation-s-ambatovy-project-madagascar |archive-date=2012-04-18 |access-date=2013-03-05 |publisher=[[MiningWatch Canada]]}}</ref> == Namun daji == Akwai ƙananan adadin kada a yankunan da ke cikin kwanciyar hankali na kogin, amma yawansu bai kai haka ba kuma yana ci gaba da raguwa. <ref name="Mangoro river 2">{{Cite web |title=Mangoro river |url=http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=5 March 2013}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html "Mangoro river"]. </cite></ref> == Manazarta == q041ts4iyhh3ycec7cllly7m5ym79yh 842529 842528 2026-05-29T15:49:06Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842529 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Carte_bassin_Mangoro.svg|left|thumb|babban birnin Mangoro]] '''Kogin Mangoro''' shine kogi mafi girma a gabar tekun gabashin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] ta girman kwarin da kuma yawan ruwa, kuma yana da faɗin murabba'in mita 300.&nbsp;tsawon kilomita. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mangoro River (Madagascar) |url=http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88005391.html |access-date=2013-03-05 |website=LC Linked Data Service (Library of Congress)}}</ref> == Bayani == Mangoro ya fara ne a arewa maso gabashin garin Anjozorobe a yankin Analamanga, kimanin mita 1,100.<ref name="Madagascar">{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=159&catid=322&Itemid=179|title=Madagascar}}</ref> Babban magudanar ruwansa ita ce [[Kogin Onive]] (wanda ya haɗu a gefen dama a 200).&nbsp;kilomita daga tushen kogin) da [[Kogin Nosivolo]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-11-25 |title=MADAGASCAR: New Livelihoods to Protect A River's Life |url=http://www.globalissues.org/news/2010/11/25/7760 |access-date=2013-03-05 |website=Global Issues, Inter Press Service}}</ref> Bakinsa yana [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da garin Ambodiharina.<ref>{{Cite web | title = MADAGASCAR: New Livelihoods to Protect A River's Life | work = Global Issues, Inter Press Service| accessdate = 2013-03-05| date = 2010-11-25| url = http://www.globalissues.org/news/2010/11/25/7760}}</ref><ref name="mission">Campbell, Gwynn. [https://books.google.com/books?id=7pDNL4apVpgC&pg=PA488 David Griffiths and the Missionary "History of Madagascar"], p. 488–89 ([[Brill Publishers|Brill]] 2012) (citing Aldegheri, Marius. ''The Rivers and Streams on Madagascar'', in Battistini, Rene & G. Richard-Vindard (ed.), ''Biogeography and Ecology in Madagascar'' (1972))</ref> Saboda yawan rafukan ruwa da ke cikinta, Mangoro yana kula da kwararar ruwa mai yawa a duk shekara, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama kogi mai kyau don yin rafting. <ref name="Mangoro river 2">{{Cite web |title=Mangoro river |url=http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=5 March 2013}}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2012, Kamfanin Sherritt International Corporation ya yi niyyar amfani da Kogin Mangoro a matsayin tushen ruwa don bututun ruwa mai ɗauke da ma'adinai don haƙar ma'adinai na aikin Ambatovy, wanda hakan ya haifar da damuwa game da muhalli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-04-10 |title=Another Mining Horror Story? Sherritt International Corporation's Ambatovy Project in Madagascar |url=http://www.miningwatch.ca/article/another-mining-horror-story-sherritt-international-corporation-s-ambatovy-project-madagascar |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418004337/http://www.miningwatch.ca/article/another-mining-horror-story-sherritt-international-corporation-s-ambatovy-project-madagascar |archive-date=2012-04-18 |access-date=2013-03-05 |publisher=[[MiningWatch Canada]]}}</ref> == Namun daji == Akwai ƙananan adadin kada a yankunan da ke cikin kwanciyar hankali na kogin, amma yawansu bai kai haka ba kuma yana ci gaba da raguwa. <ref name="Mangoro river 2">{{Cite web |title=Mangoro river |url=http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=5 March 2013}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110439/http://www.grapner.ch/e_Mangoro.html "Mangoro river"]. </cite></ref> == Manazarta == b7t7u2b1mmo3fch5jiyks8smu0jiicy 0 153120 842524 2026-05-29T15:44:00Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325229553|Wadi Qattara Dam]]" 842524 wikitext text/x-wiki wanda kuma ake kira '''Gattara''' ko '''Al-Qattarah''', madatsar ruwa ce mai cike da yumɓu da ke kan Wadi Al-Qappara, {{Convert|33|km|mi|0}} km (21 gabashin [[Benghazi]] a Libya . Tare da madatsar ruwa ta biyu da ke da nisan (6 mi) a 31°59′43′′N 20°20′04′′E / 31.99528°N 20.33444°E / 31.95528; 20.33445 (Wadi Qattara Secondary Dam) da kuma gine-gine bakwai, an gina makircin bayan ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata yankin Benghazi a 1938 da 1954. An kuma gina su don samar da ruwa na ban ruwa. Ginin madatsar ruwan ya fara ne a shekarar 1968 kuma an kammala shi a shekarar 1971.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wadi Gattara |url=http://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/libya/watdi-gattara/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220014338/http://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/libya/watdi-gattara/ |archive-date=20 February 2017 |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=Hidrotehnika-Hidroenergetika a.d}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |year=1960 |title=The Economic Development of Libya |url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/1999/10/19/000178830_98101911132326/Rendered/INDEX/multi_page.txt |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090213202113/http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/1999/10/19/000178830_98101911132326/Rendered/INDEX/multi_page.txt |archive-date=February 13, 2009 |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=World Bank}}</ref> Koyaya, ambaliyar ruwa a shekara ta 1979 ta lalata babban madatsar ruwan kuma ta lalata madatsar ruwa ta biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Water resources and water transfer projects |url=http://www.coyne-et-bellier.fr/dun/ahe/ressource_eau2.htm |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=Coyne-et-Bellier}}</ref> An sake gyara babban madatsar ruwan kuma an maye gurbin madatsar ruwa ta biyu da madatsar da aka cika da dutse tsakanin 2000 da 2004 a farashin dala miliyan 30. An ɗaga babban madatsar ruwan 7 m (23 kuma an ƙara ƙarfin fitarwa zuwa {{Convert|240|m3/s|ft3/s|0}} m3 ft / s). Dukkanin madatsun ruwa sun tsara su ne ta hanyar Coyne da Bellier . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jalut |first=Q. H. |last2=R. E. Suleiman |title=Rehabilitation of Wadi Al-Qattarah Main Dam |url=http://www.uniten.edu.my/newhome/uploaded/coe/iccbt/iccbt%202008/conference%20d%20extract/UNITEN%20ICCBT%2008%20Rehabilitation%20of%20Wadi%20Al-Qattarah%20Main%20Dam.pdf |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=International Conference on Construction and Building Technology}}</ref> [[Fayil:Wadi_al_Qattarah_watershed.jpg|thumb|Wadi al Qattarah ruwa (Map Interactive) ]] == Manazarta == 42881pawb0wjo19w95sx1xm64if2bsq 842526 842524 2026-05-29T15:45:28Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} wanda kuma ake kira '''Gattara''' ko '''Al-Qattarah''', madatsar ruwa ce mai cike da yumɓu da ke kan Wadi Al-Qappara, {{Convert|33|km|mi|0}} km (21 gabashin [[Benghazi]] a Libya . Tare da madatsar ruwa ta biyu da ke da nisan (6 mi) a 31°59′43′′N 20°20′04′′E / 31.99528°N 20.33444°E / 31.95528; 20.33445 (Wadi Qattara Secondary Dam) da kuma gine-gine bakwai, an gina makircin bayan ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata yankin Benghazi a 1938 da 1954. An kuma gina su don samar da ruwa na ban ruwa. Ginin madatsar ruwan ya fara ne a shekarar 1968 kuma an kammala shi a shekarar 1971.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wadi Gattara |url=http://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/libya/watdi-gattara/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220014338/http://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/libya/watdi-gattara/ |archive-date=20 February 2017 |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=Hidrotehnika-Hidroenergetika a.d}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |year=1960 |title=The Economic Development of Libya |url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/1999/10/19/000178830_98101911132326/Rendered/INDEX/multi_page.txt |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090213202113/http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/1999/10/19/000178830_98101911132326/Rendered/INDEX/multi_page.txt |archive-date=February 13, 2009 |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=World Bank}}</ref> Koyaya, ambaliyar ruwa a shekara ta 1979 ta lalata babban madatsar ruwan kuma ta lalata madatsar ruwa ta biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Water resources and water transfer projects |url=http://www.coyne-et-bellier.fr/dun/ahe/ressource_eau2.htm |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=Coyne-et-Bellier}}</ref> An sake gyara babban madatsar ruwan kuma an maye gurbin madatsar ruwa ta biyu da madatsar da aka cika da dutse tsakanin 2000 da 2004 a farashin dala miliyan 30. An ɗaga babban madatsar ruwan 7 m (23 kuma an ƙara ƙarfin fitarwa zuwa {{Convert|240|m3/s|ft3/s|0}} m3 ft / s). Dukkanin madatsun ruwa sun tsara su ne ta hanyar Coyne da Bellier . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jalut |first=Q. H. |last2=R. E. Suleiman |title=Rehabilitation of Wadi Al-Qattarah Main Dam |url=http://www.uniten.edu.my/newhome/uploaded/coe/iccbt/iccbt%202008/conference%20d%20extract/UNITEN%20ICCBT%2008%20Rehabilitation%20of%20Wadi%20Al-Qattarah%20Main%20Dam.pdf |access-date=27 August 2011 |publisher=International Conference on Construction and Building Technology}}</ref> [[Fayil:Wadi_al_Qattarah_watershed.jpg|thumb|Wadi al Qattarah ruwa (Map Interactive) ]] == Manazarta == pcoyhlmqcvs05jbaj2lhgh6w9f0kvpe 0 153121 842527 2026-05-29T15:47:12Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1282466804|Wadi Wishka Dam]]" 842527 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color:skyblue; color:inherit;" |Wadi Wishka Dam |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |<templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:235px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:235px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:235px">[[Fayil:Libya_relief_location_map.jpg|class=notpageimage noviewer|235x235px|Wadi Wishka Dam is located in Libya]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:31.943%;left:39.776%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px">[[Fayil:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|8x8px|Wadi Wishka Dam]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Wadi Wishka Dam</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Wadi Wishka Dam a Libya</div></div></div></div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |Libya |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Wurin da yake | class="infobox-data" |Sokna |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ma'auni | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wadi_Wishka_Dam&params=28_49_56_N_15_37_24_E_type:landmark <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">28°49′56′′N</span> <span class="longitude">15°37′24′′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">/&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x68;&#x61;&#x75;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x68;&#x61;&#x75;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x68;&#x61;&#x75;&#x5F;&#x5F;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">28.83222°N 15.62333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">28.83222; 15.62333</span></span></span>]</span></span><indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wadi_Wishka_Dam&params=28_49_56_N_15_37_24_E_type:landmark <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">28°49′56″N</span> <span class="longitude">15°37′24″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">28.83222°N 15.62333°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">28.83222; 15.62333</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsayi | class="infobox-data" |Aiki |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An fara gini&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |2004 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ranar buɗewa&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |2006 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kudin gini&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |dala miliyan 5 |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:skyblue; color:inherit;" |Dam da hanyoyin zubar da ruwa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Abubuwan da ake zargi da su | class="infobox-data" |Wadi Wishka |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tsawon | class="infobox-data" |25 m (82 ft) &nbsp;&nbsp; |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tsawon | class="infobox-data" |160 m (525 ft) &nbsp;&nbsp; |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:skyblue; color:inherit;" |Ruwa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Cikakken iyawa&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |82,000 m³ (66 acre⋅ft) &nbsp;&nbsp; |} '''Wadi Wishka Dam''' wani madatsar ruwa ne mai cike da dutse wanda ke kan Wadi Wushka, {{Convert|29|km|mi|0}} km (18 kudu maso yammacin Sokna a yankin [[Fezzan]] na Libya . Babban manufar madatsar ruwan shine kula da ambaliyar ruwa da ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wadi Wishka Dam, Libya |url=http://www.africon.com/en/Projects/Water/Wadi-Wishka-Dam.aspx |access-date=21 August 2011 |publisher=Aurecon}}</ref> Ginin a kan madatsar ruwan ya fara ne a shekara ta 2004 kuma an kammala shi a shekara ta 2006 a farashin dala miliyan 5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2008 |title=National Investment Brief |url=http://www.sirtewaterandenergy.org/docs/reports/Libya-Draft2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326000550/http://www.sirtewaterandenergy.org/docs/reports/Libya-Draft2.pdf |archive-date=26 March 2012 |access-date=21 August 2011 |publisher=High-Level Conference on: Water for Agriculture and Energy in Africa: the Challenges of Climate Change}}</ref> == Manazarta == s28ja2zbt2vwgvhhxqxsj0f9g077syw 0 153122 842530 2026-05-29T15:49:33Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339080063|Katse Dam]]" 842530 wikitext text/x-wiki Katse Dam, madatsar ruwa ta kankare a kan Kogin Malibamatšo a [[Lesotho]], ita ce madatsar ruwan biyu mafi girma a Afirka bayan madatsar Tekezé a Habasha. Da yake a ƙasa da haɗuwar [[Bokong River|Kogin Bokong]], wanda ya zama yammacin tafkin Katse, madatsar ruwan wani ɓangare ne na babban aikin wanda zai haɗa da manyan madatsar ruwa guda biyar a yankunan karkara masu nisa. injiniyan farar hula na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Ninham Shand ne ya gano damar aikin a cikin 1953 a matsayin hanyar da za a iya karawa da samar da ruwa na masana'antar Afirka ta Kudu a cikin Witwatersrand . <ref name="nshand">{{Cite journal |last=Unknown |date=1970 |title=Orbituary: Ninham Shand, BSc |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1680/iicep.1970.7187 |journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers |publisher=ICE Virtual Library |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=379–380 |doi=10.1680/iicep.1970.7187 |url-access=subscription |access-date=9 October 2021 |quote="In 1953, while carrying out investigations commissioned by the British Government into the rivers of the Lesotho, Shand first conceived the idea of diverting the headwaters of the Orange River from an altitude of some 10 000 ft in the Lesotho Mountains to augment the limited water supplies available for the Witwatersrand and Orange Free State. This pioneering concept became known as the Oxbox Scheme, itself a single element of a much wider plan which captured the imagination of the people of Lesotho."}}</ref> Bankin Duniya ya shirya yarjejeniya tsakanin gwamnatocin Afirka ta Kudu da Lesotho, wanda ya ba da damar aikin ya ci gaba. == Gine-gine == An gina madatsar ruwan ne ta hanyar ƙungiyar Bouygues, Concor, Group 5, Hochtief, Impregilo, Kier Group da Sterling International. An kammala madatsar ruwan a shekara ta 1996 kuma tafkin ya cika da ruwa a shekara ta 1997. Jimlar kudin aikin ya kai dala biliyan 8.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lesotho Highlands Water Project: What Went Wrong? |url=https://www.internationalrivers.org/resources/lesotho-highlands-water-project-what-went-wrong-4060 |access-date=2016-08-15 |website=International Rivers}}</ref> An gina Filin jirgin saman Katse kilomita 3 (2 kudu maso gabashin madatsar ruwan don sauƙaƙe damar shiga aikin. == Tasirin muhalli == Rashin ruwa ya haifar da girgizar ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Earthquakes force families to abandon village |url=http://www.irn.org/programs/safrica/index.php?id=pr970210.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060528150502/http://www.irn.org/programs/safrica/index.php?id=pr970210.html |archive-date=2006-05-28 |access-date=2005-08-05}}</ref> Manoma da suka rasa ƙasa ga aikin sun sami matsala wajen sake kafa sabbin hanyoyin rayuwa. Akwai ƙananan ƙasa mai noma a cikin duwatsu don maye gurbin duk abin da ya ɓace, kuma ƙoƙarin taimaka musu da sabbin hanyoyin rayuwa ba su yi nasara ba kamar aikin injiniya. Wata kungiya ta cikin gida ta rubuta tarihin aikin ɗan adam a cikin yankunan karkara da aikin ya shafa kai tsaye, kuma muhalli da haƙƙin ɗan adam NPO, Kogin Duniya, sun samar da cikakken bayani game da tasirin. [[Fayil:Katse_Dam_satellite.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi na tauraron dan adam na tafkin]] A matsayin rage asarar mazaunin, an gudanar da ayyukan ceto na shuke-shuke a yankin da za a ambaliya, kuma an kafa lambunan Katse Botanical don gida da yada shuke-tsuke da aka ceto.<ref name="bgci">{{Cite web |title=Katse Botanic Garden |url=http://www.bgci.org/garden.php?id=2591 |access-date=9 December 2016 |publisher=[[Botanic Gardens Conservation International]]}}</ref> == Isar da ruwa == [[Fayil:Katze_Dam_Malibamatso_River.webm|left|thumb|Hoton bidiyo na Katse Dam.]] Ruwa daga madatsar ruwan ya fara tafiya ta hanyar rami mai nisan kilomita 45 (28 , mita 4 (13 diamita, yana fita a tashar hydroelectric kusa da Muela . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Muela Dam |url=http://ls.geoview.info/muela_dam_lesotho,51904830p |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430162435/http://ls.geoview.info/muela_dam_lesotho,51904830p |archive-date=30 April 2020 |access-date=9 January 2019 |website=Geoview}}</ref> Babban tsawo na madatsar ruwan yana ba da damar tsarin isar da ruwa mai nauyi zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, ban da wutar lantarki ga Lesotho, kuma shine babban dalilin da ya sa aka zaɓi shafin. An fara isar da ruwa a hukumance a ranar 22 ga Janairun 1998. Dam din a halin yanzu yana ba da kusan 30 mita a kowace dakika (1,100 cu ft / s) na ruwa ga [[Afirka ta Kudu]], wanda ke biyan Lesotho dala miliyan 35 a kowace shekara, tare da canjin sarauta bisa ga ƙididdigar amfani da ruwa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an kuma fitar da ruwa daga makircin zuwa [[Kogin Caledon|Kogin Mohokare (Caledon)]] don samar da ruwa ga babban birnin Lesotho [[Maseru]] a lokutan karancin. Sabbin madatsun ruwa sun cika kamar yadda ake tsammani kuma zubar da ruwa daga madatsun zuwa koguna na ƙasa ya ci gaba a cikin wani makirci da aka tsara don adana ma'aunin muhalli. Wannan ruwan da aka zubar yana gudana zuwa [[Kogin Orange|Kogin Senqu (Orange)]] , kuma yayin da yake adana yanayin muhalli, yana amfana da waɗannan al'ummomin da ke gefen koguna kawai. Shirye-shiryen samar da ruwa ga manoma masu gudun hijira ba su yi nasara sosai ba. ohd6r2ryxgl5gzeb73no8d1qobhrgbk 842531 842530 2026-05-29T15:50:21Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842531 wikitext text/x-wiki Katse Dam, madatsar ruwa ta kankare a kan Kogin Malibamatšo a [[Lesotho]], ita ce madatsar ruwan biyu mafi girma a Afirka bayan madatsar Tekezé a Habasha. Da yake a ƙasa da haɗuwar [[Bokong River|Kogin Bokong]], wanda ya zama yammacin tafkin Katse, madatsar ruwan wani ɓangare ne na babban aikin wanda zai haɗa da manyan madatsar ruwa guda biyar a yankunan karkara masu nisa. injiniyan farar hula na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Ninham Shand ne ya gano damar aikin a cikin 1953 a matsayin hanyar da za a iya karawa da samar da ruwa na masana'antar Afirka ta Kudu a cikin Witwatersrand . <ref name="nshand">{{Cite journal |last=Unknown |date=1970 |title=Orbituary: Ninham Shand, BSc |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1680/iicep.1970.7187 |journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers |publisher=ICE Virtual Library |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=379–380 |doi=10.1680/iicep.1970.7187 |url-access=subscription |access-date=9 October 2021 |quote="In 1953, while carrying out investigations commissioned by the British Government into the rivers of the Lesotho, Shand first conceived the idea of diverting the headwaters of the Orange River from an altitude of some 10 000 ft in the Lesotho Mountains to augment the limited water supplies available for the Witwatersrand and Orange Free State. This pioneering concept became known as the Oxbox Scheme, itself a single element of a much wider plan which captured the imagination of the people of Lesotho."}}</ref> Bankin Duniya ya shirya yarjejeniya tsakanin gwamnatocin Afirka ta Kudu da Lesotho, wanda ya ba da damar aikin ya ci gaba. == Gine-gine == An gina madatsar ruwan ne ta hanyar ƙungiyar Bouygues, Concor, Group 5, Hochtief, Impregilo, Kier Group da Sterling International. An kammala madatsar ruwan a shekara ta 1996 kuma tafkin ya cika da ruwa a shekara ta 1997. Jimlar kudin aikin ya kai dala biliyan 8.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lesotho Highlands Water Project: What Went Wrong? |url=https://www.internationalrivers.org/resources/lesotho-highlands-water-project-what-went-wrong-4060 |access-date=2016-08-15 |website=International Rivers}}</ref> An gina Filin jirgin saman Katse kilomita 3 (2 kudu maso gabashin madatsar ruwan don sauƙaƙe damar shiga aikin. == Tasirin muhalli == Rashin ruwa ya haifar da girgizar ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Earthquakes force families to abandon village |url=http://www.irn.org/programs/safrica/index.php?id=pr970210.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060528150502/http://www.irn.org/programs/safrica/index.php?id=pr970210.html |archive-date=2006-05-28 |access-date=2005-08-05}}</ref> Manoma da suka rasa ƙasa ga aikin sun sami matsala wajen sake kafa sabbin hanyoyin rayuwa. Akwai ƙananan ƙasa mai noma a cikin duwatsu don maye gurbin duk abin da ya ɓace, kuma ƙoƙarin taimaka musu da sabbin hanyoyin rayuwa ba su yi nasara ba kamar aikin injiniya. Wata kungiya ta cikin gida ta rubuta tarihin aikin ɗan adam a cikin yankunan karkara da aikin ya shafa kai tsaye, kuma muhalli da haƙƙin ɗan adam NPO, Kogin Duniya, sun samar da cikakken bayani game da tasirin. [[Fayil:Katse_Dam_satellite.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi na tauraron dan adam na tafkin]] A matsayin rage asarar mazaunin, an gudanar da ayyukan ceto na shuke-shuke a yankin da za a ambaliya, kuma an kafa lambunan Katse Botanical don gida da yada shuke-tsuke da aka ceto.<ref name="bgci">{{Cite web |title=Katse Botanic Garden |url=http://www.bgci.org/garden.php?id=2591 |access-date=9 December 2016 |publisher=[[Botanic Gardens Conservation International]]}}</ref> == Isar da ruwa == [[Fayil:Katze_Dam_Malibamatso_River.webm|left|thumb|Hoton bidiyo na Katse Dam.]] Ruwa daga madatsar ruwan ya fara tafiya ta hanyar rami mai nisan kilomita 45 (28 , mita 4 (13 diamita, yana fita a tashar hydroelectric kusa da Muela . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Muela Dam |url=http://ls.geoview.info/muela_dam_lesotho,51904830p |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430162435/http://ls.geoview.info/muela_dam_lesotho,51904830p |archive-date=30 April 2020 |access-date=9 January 2019 |website=Geoview}}</ref> Babban tsawo na madatsar ruwan yana ba da damar tsarin isar da ruwa mai nauyi zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, ban da wutar lantarki ga Lesotho, kuma shine babban dalilin da ya sa aka zaɓi shafin. An fara isar da ruwa a hukumance a ranar 22 ga Janairun 1998. Dam din a halin yanzu yana ba da kusan 30 mita a kowace dakika (1,100 cu ft / s) na ruwa ga [[Afirka ta Kudu]], wanda ke biyan Lesotho dala miliyan 35 a kowace shekara, tare da canjin sarauta bisa ga ƙididdigar amfani da ruwa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an kuma fitar da ruwa daga makircin zuwa [[Kogin Caledon|Kogin Mohokare (Caledon)]] don samar da ruwa ga babban birnin Lesotho [[Maseru]] a lokutan karancin. Sabbin madatsun ruwa sun cika kamar yadda ake tsammani kuma zubar da ruwa daga madatsun zuwa koguna na ƙasa ya ci gaba a cikin wani makirci da aka tsara don adana ma'aunin muhalli. Wannan ruwan da aka zubar yana gudana zuwa [[Kogin Orange|Kogin Senqu (Orange)]] , kuma yayin da yake adana yanayin muhalli, yana amfana da waɗannan al'ummomin da ke gefen koguna kawai. Shirye-shiryen samar da ruwa ga manoma masu gudun hijira ba su yi nasara sosai ba. ==manazarta== f5wep2yamomrz81kecgi283whzygzlz 0 153123 842532 2026-05-29T15:53:45Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338314729|Lesotho Highlands Water Project]]" 842532 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:LHWP_map_resized.jpg|thumb|Shirin Ruwa na Highlands]] Shirin [[Samar da Ruwa|Ruwa]] na [[Lesotho]] Highlands ('''LHWP''') wani aikin samar da ruwa ne mai gudana tare da bangare na wutar lantarki, wanda aka haɓaka tare da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnatocin [[Lesotho]] da [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Ya ƙunshi tsarin manyan [[madatsar ruwa]] da ramuka da yawa a duk faɗin Lesotho kuma yana ba da ruwa ga Tsarin Kogin Vaal a Afirka ta Kudu. A Lesotho, ya haɗa da koguna Malibamatso, Matsoku, [[Senqu]]" id="mwIg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Senqunyane">Senqunyane, da Senqu. Shirin canja wurin ruwa ne mafi girma a Afirka. Manufar aikin ita ce samar da Lesotho da tushen kudaden shiga don musayar samar da ruwa ga Afirka ta Kudu, da kuma samar da wutar lantarki ga Lesotho.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} LHDA |url=http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhdaweb |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124143644/http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhdaweb |archive-date=2020-11-24 |access-date=2020-11-24 |website=www.lhda.org.ls}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekara ta 2015, kudaden sarauta da Afirka ta Kudu ta biya wa gwamnatin Lesotho sun kai R780 miliyan, daidai da kusan kashi 5 cikin 100 na kudin shiga na jihar Lesotho ba tare da haraji ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rousselot |first=Yannick |date=31 December 2015 |title=Upstream Flows of Water: from the Lesotho Highlands to Metropolitan South Africa: Territorialities and Hydropolitics in Southern Africa |journal=Revue de géographie alpine |issue=103–3 |doi=10.4000/rga.3023 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ikon wutar lantarki ya ba Lesotho damar samun wadataccen kansa a samar da wutar lantarki, duk da haka zargi ya haɗa da asarar abubuwan rayuwa ga mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu da tasirin muhalli.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Keketso |first=Lawrence |date=February 2003 |title=The Mixed Blessings of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project: An Assessment Based on Local Perspectives |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=7–10 |doi=10.1659/0276-4741(2003)023[0007:TMBOTL]2.0.CO;2 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Tarihi == Kokarin ƙirƙirar madatsar ruwa a wurin ya jagoranci Babban Kwamishinan Burtaniya na lokacin Sir Evelyn Baring a cikin shekarun 1950, bayan da injiniyan farar hula na Afirka ta Kudu Ninham Shand ya fara ciki yayin gudanar da bincike da Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta ba da umarni a cikin kogunan Lesotho.<ref name="nshand">{{Cite journal |last=Unknown |date=1970 |title=Obituary: Ninham Shand, BSc |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1680/iicep.1970.7187 |journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers |publisher=ICE Virtual Library |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=379–380 |doi=10.1680/iicep.1970.7187 |url-access=subscription |access-date=9 October 2021 |quote="In 1953, while carrying out investigations commissioned by the British Government into the rivers of the Lesotho, Shand first conceived the idea of diverting the headwaters of the Orange River from an altitude of some 10 000 ft in the Lesotho Mountains to augment the limited water supplies available for the Witwatersrand and Orange Free State. This pioneering concept became known as the Oxbox Scheme, itself a single element of a much wider plan which captured the imagination of the people of Lesotho."}}</ref> Kamar yadda aka fara ɗauka, an san aikin da Shirin Oxbow . <ref name="nshand" /> Bayan an gudanar da binciken yiwuwar tsakanin watan Agusta 1983 da Agusta 1986 ta Jamusanci-Birtaniya Lahmeyer MacDonald Consortium, aikin ya fara samuwa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lang |first=Chris |last2=Hildyard |first2=Nick |last3=Geary |first3=Kate |last4=Grainger |first4=Matthew |date=28 February 2000 |title=Lahmeyer International |url=http://www.thecornerhouse.org.uk/resource/dams-incorporated#index-01-08-04-04 |website=Dams Incorporated |publisher=[[The Corner House (organisation)|The Corner House]]}}</ref> An yi zargin cewa aikin yana da mummunar tasirin zamantakewa da muhalli. Duk da yake an ba da diyya a cikin nau'i kuma an biya wa 'yan gidaje ɗari da madatsar ruwa ta shafa, akwai zargi cewa bai isa ba. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an fitar da ruwa daga shirin zuwa kogin [[Kogin Caledon|Mohokare]] (Caledon) don samar da ruwa ga [[Maseru]] a lokutan ƙarancin ruwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Letsie |first=M. |last2=Allopi |first2=D. |last3=Osorio |first3=A. |last4=Goldschmith |first4=A. |last5=Edelman |first5=D. A. |date=July 2008 |title=Maqalika Reservoir: utilisation and sustainability of Maqalika Reservoir as a source of potable water supply for Maseru in Lesotho |url=https://researchspace.csir.co.za/dspace/handle/10204/4170 |journal=IMIESA |language=en |volume=33 |issue=7 |pages=23–33 |issn=0257-1978 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Sabbin madatsun ruwa sun cika kamar yadda aka zata kuma fitar da ruwa daga madatsun ruwa zuwa cikin kogunan da ke ƙasa yana ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin wani shiri da aka tsara don kiyaye daidaiton muhalli. Wannan ruwan da aka fitar yana kwarara zuwa Senqu (Orange) kuma yayin da yake kiyaye ''yanayin muhalli na yanzu'' yana amfanar waɗannan al'ummomin da ke gefen kogunan ne kawai. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2011)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Aikin ya yi tasiri sosai a kan ababen more rayuwa na Lesotho, yayin da aka gina daruruwan kilomita na hanyoyin da aka tsara don inganta damar zuwa wuraren gini daban-daban, tare da hanyoyin 'mai ciyarwa' da ba a gina su ba a kusa da madatsar ruwa. Tun lokacin da aka fara shi, aikin ya kasance da cin hanci da rashawa wanda ya haifar da shari'o'in kotu da yawa da suka shafi mutane da kamfanoni masu yawa. == Mataki na I == Mataki na aikin ya ƙunshi duk abubuwan da ke da muhimmanci don adana ruwa a cikin madatsar ruwan Katse, samar da wutar lantarki da isar da ruwa zuwa Tsarin Kogin Vaal. An tsara matakin na a hankali don Katse Dam ya kasance hanyar haɗi ta yau da kullun ga ƙarin matakai da aka gano yayin nazarin yiwuwar. Dangane da tsarin da aka tsara, Mataki na I ya ƙunshi Mataki na IA wanda ya ƙunshi mahimman abubuwan, da Mataki na IB wanda ke haɓaka amfanin aikin tare da ƙara tushen tushe guda biyu wato madatsar ruwa ta Mohale da [[Matsoku Weir]]. === Mataki na IA === An kammala wannan matakin aikin a shekarar 1998. Ya kunshi galibi gina madatsar ruwan Katse a kan Kogin Malibamatšo a Lesotho . An gina ramin canja wurin kilomita 45 (28 daga madatsar ruwa ta Katse zuwa tafkin Muela. An dauki tafkin Muela a matsayin tafkin wutsiya, wanda ke samar da wutar lantarki ga Lesotho. Daga tafkin Muela shine ramin isar da kilomita 37 (23 zuwa fitowar kogin As daga inda ruwa ke gudana zuwa madatsar ruwan Vaal. Kodayake madatsar ruwan Katse tana da ikon samar da wutar lantarki don amfani da gida, ainihin manufar ita ce a matsayin ajiyar ajiya don Mataki na IA, da kuma samar da fitarwa cikin ramin canja wuri. Don rage asarar mazaunin, an kafa lambunan Katse Botanical don adana shuke-shuke da aka ceto daga yankin da za a ambaliya.<ref name="bgci">{{Cite web |title=Katse Botanic Garden |url=http://www.bgci.org/garden.php?id=2591 |access-date=9 December 2016 |publisher=[[Botanic Gardens Conservation International]]}}</ref> jmwbd6oi0j62a2z88yqd43b969tfhc6 842533 842532 2026-05-29T15:54:00Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338314729|Lesotho Highlands Water Project]]" 842533 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Katse_dam_intake_tower.jpg|thumb|Rashin tafkin Katse da hasumiyar shigarwa]] [[Fayil:LHWP_map_resized.jpg|thumb|Shirin Ruwa na Highlands]] Shirin [[Samar da Ruwa|Ruwa]] na [[Lesotho]] Highlands ('''LHWP''') wani aikin samar da ruwa ne mai gudana tare da bangare na wutar lantarki, wanda aka haɓaka tare da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnatocin [[Lesotho]] da [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Ya ƙunshi tsarin manyan [[madatsar ruwa]] da ramuka da yawa a duk faɗin Lesotho kuma yana ba da ruwa ga Tsarin Kogin Vaal a Afirka ta Kudu. A Lesotho, ya haɗa da koguna Malibamatso, Matsoku, [[Senqu]]" id="mwIg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Senqunyane">Senqunyane, da Senqu. Shirin canja wurin ruwa ne mafi girma a Afirka. Manufar aikin ita ce samar da Lesotho da tushen kudaden shiga don musayar samar da ruwa ga Afirka ta Kudu, da kuma samar da wutar lantarki ga Lesotho.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} LHDA |url=http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhdaweb |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124143644/http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhdaweb |archive-date=2020-11-24 |access-date=2020-11-24 |website=www.lhda.org.ls}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekara ta 2015, kudaden sarauta da Afirka ta Kudu ta biya wa gwamnatin Lesotho sun kai R780 miliyan, daidai da kusan kashi 5 cikin 100 na kudin shiga na jihar Lesotho ba tare da haraji ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rousselot |first=Yannick |date=31 December 2015 |title=Upstream Flows of Water: from the Lesotho Highlands to Metropolitan South Africa: Territorialities and Hydropolitics in Southern Africa |journal=Revue de géographie alpine |issue=103–3 |doi=10.4000/rga.3023 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ikon wutar lantarki ya ba Lesotho damar samun wadataccen kansa a samar da wutar lantarki, duk da haka zargi ya haɗa da asarar abubuwan rayuwa ga mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu da tasirin muhalli.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Keketso |first=Lawrence |date=February 2003 |title=The Mixed Blessings of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project: An Assessment Based on Local Perspectives |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=7–10 |doi=10.1659/0276-4741(2003)023[0007:TMBOTL]2.0.CO;2 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Tarihi == Kokarin ƙirƙirar madatsar ruwa a wurin ya jagoranci Babban Kwamishinan Burtaniya na lokacin Sir Evelyn Baring a cikin shekarun 1950, bayan da injiniyan farar hula na Afirka ta Kudu Ninham Shand ya fara ciki yayin gudanar da bincike da Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta ba da umarni a cikin kogunan Lesotho.<ref name="nshand">{{Cite journal |last=Unknown |date=1970 |title=Obituary: Ninham Shand, BSc |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1680/iicep.1970.7187 |journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers |publisher=ICE Virtual Library |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=379–380 |doi=10.1680/iicep.1970.7187 |url-access=subscription |access-date=9 October 2021 |quote="In 1953, while carrying out investigations commissioned by the British Government into the rivers of the Lesotho, Shand first conceived the idea of diverting the headwaters of the Orange River from an altitude of some 10 000 ft in the Lesotho Mountains to augment the limited water supplies available for the Witwatersrand and Orange Free State. This pioneering concept became known as the Oxbox Scheme, itself a single element of a much wider plan which captured the imagination of the people of Lesotho."}}</ref> Kamar yadda aka fara ɗauka, an san aikin da Shirin Oxbow . <ref name="nshand" /> Bayan an gudanar da binciken yiwuwar tsakanin watan Agusta 1983 da Agusta 1986 ta Jamusanci-Birtaniya Lahmeyer MacDonald Consortium, aikin ya fara samuwa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lang |first=Chris |last2=Hildyard |first2=Nick |last3=Geary |first3=Kate |last4=Grainger |first4=Matthew |date=28 February 2000 |title=Lahmeyer International |url=http://www.thecornerhouse.org.uk/resource/dams-incorporated#index-01-08-04-04 |website=Dams Incorporated |publisher=[[The Corner House (organisation)|The Corner House]]}}</ref> An yi zargin cewa aikin yana da mummunar tasirin zamantakewa da muhalli. Duk da yake an ba da diyya a cikin nau'i kuma an biya wa 'yan gidaje ɗari da madatsar ruwa ta shafa, akwai zargi cewa bai isa ba. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an fitar da ruwa daga shirin zuwa kogin [[Kogin Caledon|Mohokare]] (Caledon) don samar da ruwa ga [[Maseru]] a lokutan ƙarancin ruwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Letsie |first=M. |last2=Allopi |first2=D. |last3=Osorio |first3=A. |last4=Goldschmith |first4=A. |last5=Edelman |first5=D. A. |date=July 2008 |title=Maqalika Reservoir: utilisation and sustainability of Maqalika Reservoir as a source of potable water supply for Maseru in Lesotho |url=https://researchspace.csir.co.za/dspace/handle/10204/4170 |journal=IMIESA |language=en |volume=33 |issue=7 |pages=23–33 |issn=0257-1978 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Sabbin madatsun ruwa sun cika kamar yadda aka zata kuma fitar da ruwa daga madatsun ruwa zuwa cikin kogunan da ke ƙasa yana ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin wani shiri da aka tsara don kiyaye daidaiton muhalli. Wannan ruwan da aka fitar yana kwarara zuwa Senqu (Orange) kuma yayin da yake kiyaye ''yanayin muhalli na yanzu'' yana amfanar waɗannan al'ummomin da ke gefen kogunan ne kawai. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2011)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Aikin ya yi tasiri sosai a kan ababen more rayuwa na Lesotho, yayin da aka gina daruruwan kilomita na hanyoyin da aka tsara don inganta damar zuwa wuraren gini daban-daban, tare da hanyoyin 'mai ciyarwa' da ba a gina su ba a kusa da madatsar ruwa. Tun lokacin da aka fara shi, aikin ya kasance da cin hanci da rashawa wanda ya haifar da shari'o'in kotu da yawa da suka shafi mutane da kamfanoni masu yawa. == Mataki na I == Mataki na aikin ya ƙunshi duk abubuwan da ke da muhimmanci don adana ruwa a cikin madatsar ruwan Katse, samar da wutar lantarki da isar da ruwa zuwa Tsarin Kogin Vaal. An tsara matakin na a hankali don Katse Dam ya kasance hanyar haɗi ta yau da kullun ga ƙarin matakai da aka gano yayin nazarin yiwuwar. Dangane da tsarin da aka tsara, Mataki na I ya ƙunshi Mataki na IA wanda ya ƙunshi mahimman abubuwan, da Mataki na IB wanda ke haɓaka amfanin aikin tare da ƙara tushen tushe guda biyu wato madatsar ruwa ta Mohale da [[Matsoku Weir]]. === Mataki na IA === An kammala wannan matakin aikin a shekarar 1998. Ya kunshi galibi gina madatsar ruwan Katse a kan Kogin Malibamatšo a Lesotho . An gina ramin canja wurin kilomita 45 (28 daga madatsar ruwa ta Katse zuwa tafkin Muela. An dauki tafkin Muela a matsayin tafkin wutsiya, wanda ke samar da wutar lantarki ga Lesotho. Daga tafkin Muela shine ramin isar da kilomita 37 (23 zuwa fitowar kogin As daga inda ruwa ke gudana zuwa madatsar ruwan Vaal. Kodayake madatsar ruwan Katse tana da ikon samar da wutar lantarki don amfani da gida, ainihin manufar ita ce a matsayin ajiyar ajiya don Mataki na IA, da kuma samar da fitarwa cikin ramin canja wuri. Don rage asarar mazaunin, an kafa lambunan Katse Botanical don adana shuke-shuke da aka ceto daga yankin da za a ambaliya.<ref name="bgci">{{Cite web |title=Katse Botanic Garden |url=http://www.bgci.org/garden.php?id=2591 |access-date=9 December 2016 |publisher=[[Botanic Gardens Conservation International]]}}</ref> oh094bss7qxzurx7yr5g7oilu702ovn 842534 842533 2026-05-29T15:54:30Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842534 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Katse_dam_intake_tower.jpg|thumb|Rashin tafkin Katse da hasumiyar shigarwa]] [[Fayil:LHWP_map_resized.jpg|thumb|Shirin Ruwa na Highlands]] Shirin [[Samar da Ruwa|Ruwa]] na [[Lesotho]] Highlands ('''LHWP''') wani aikin samar da ruwa ne mai gudana tare da bangare na wutar lantarki, wanda aka haɓaka tare da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnatocin [[Lesotho]] da [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Ya ƙunshi tsarin manyan [[madatsar ruwa]] da ramuka da yawa a duk faɗin Lesotho kuma yana ba da ruwa ga Tsarin Kogin Vaal a Afirka ta Kudu. A Lesotho, ya haɗa da koguna Malibamatso, Matsoku, [[Senqu]]" id="mwIg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Senqunyane">Senqunyane, da Senqu. Shirin canja wurin ruwa ne mafi girma a Afirka. Manufar aikin ita ce samar da Lesotho da tushen kudaden shiga don musayar samar da ruwa ga Afirka ta Kudu, da kuma samar da wutar lantarki ga Lesotho.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} LHDA |url=http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhdaweb |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124143644/http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhdaweb |archive-date=2020-11-24 |access-date=2020-11-24 |website=www.lhda.org.ls}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekara ta 2015, kudaden sarauta da Afirka ta Kudu ta biya wa gwamnatin Lesotho sun kai R780 miliyan, daidai da kusan kashi 5 cikin 100 na kudin shiga na jihar Lesotho ba tare da haraji ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rousselot |first=Yannick |date=31 December 2015 |title=Upstream Flows of Water: from the Lesotho Highlands to Metropolitan South Africa: Territorialities and Hydropolitics in Southern Africa |journal=Revue de géographie alpine |issue=103–3 |doi=10.4000/rga.3023 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ikon wutar lantarki ya ba Lesotho damar samun wadataccen kansa a samar da wutar lantarki, duk da haka zargi ya haɗa da asarar abubuwan rayuwa ga mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu da tasirin muhalli.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Keketso |first=Lawrence |date=February 2003 |title=The Mixed Blessings of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project: An Assessment Based on Local Perspectives |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=7–10 |doi=10.1659/0276-4741(2003)023[0007:TMBOTL]2.0.CO;2 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Tarihi == Kokarin ƙirƙirar madatsar ruwa a wurin ya jagoranci Babban Kwamishinan Burtaniya na lokacin Sir Evelyn Baring a cikin shekarun 1950, bayan da injiniyan farar hula na Afirka ta Kudu Ninham Shand ya fara ciki yayin gudanar da bincike da Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta ba da umarni a cikin kogunan Lesotho.<ref name="nshand">{{Cite journal |last=Unknown |date=1970 |title=Obituary: Ninham Shand, BSc |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1680/iicep.1970.7187 |journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers |publisher=ICE Virtual Library |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=379–380 |doi=10.1680/iicep.1970.7187 |url-access=subscription |access-date=9 October 2021 |quote="In 1953, while carrying out investigations commissioned by the British Government into the rivers of the Lesotho, Shand first conceived the idea of diverting the headwaters of the Orange River from an altitude of some 10 000 ft in the Lesotho Mountains to augment the limited water supplies available for the Witwatersrand and Orange Free State. This pioneering concept became known as the Oxbox Scheme, itself a single element of a much wider plan which captured the imagination of the people of Lesotho."}}</ref> Kamar yadda aka fara ɗauka, an san aikin da Shirin Oxbow . <ref name="nshand" /> Bayan an gudanar da binciken yiwuwar tsakanin watan Agusta 1983 da Agusta 1986 ta Jamusanci-Birtaniya Lahmeyer MacDonald Consortium, aikin ya fara samuwa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lang |first=Chris |last2=Hildyard |first2=Nick |last3=Geary |first3=Kate |last4=Grainger |first4=Matthew |date=28 February 2000 |title=Lahmeyer International |url=http://www.thecornerhouse.org.uk/resource/dams-incorporated#index-01-08-04-04 |website=Dams Incorporated |publisher=[[The Corner House (organisation)|The Corner House]]}}</ref> An yi zargin cewa aikin yana da mummunar tasirin zamantakewa da muhalli. Duk da yake an ba da diyya a cikin nau'i kuma an biya wa 'yan gidaje ɗari da madatsar ruwa ta shafa, akwai zargi cewa bai isa ba. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an fitar da ruwa daga shirin zuwa kogin [[Kogin Caledon|Mohokare]] (Caledon) don samar da ruwa ga [[Maseru]] a lokutan ƙarancin ruwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Letsie |first=M. |last2=Allopi |first2=D. |last3=Osorio |first3=A. |last4=Goldschmith |first4=A. |last5=Edelman |first5=D. A. |date=July 2008 |title=Maqalika Reservoir: utilisation and sustainability of Maqalika Reservoir as a source of potable water supply for Maseru in Lesotho |url=https://researchspace.csir.co.za/dspace/handle/10204/4170 |journal=IMIESA |language=en |volume=33 |issue=7 |pages=23–33 |issn=0257-1978 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Sabbin madatsun ruwa sun cika kamar yadda aka zata kuma fitar da ruwa daga madatsun ruwa zuwa cikin kogunan da ke ƙasa yana ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin wani shiri da aka tsara don kiyaye daidaiton muhalli. Wannan ruwan da aka fitar yana kwarara zuwa Senqu (Orange) kuma yayin da yake kiyaye ''yanayin muhalli na yanzu'' yana amfanar waɗannan al'ummomin da ke gefen kogunan ne kawai. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2011)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Aikin ya yi tasiri sosai a kan ababen more rayuwa na Lesotho, yayin da aka gina daruruwan kilomita na hanyoyin da aka tsara don inganta damar zuwa wuraren gini daban-daban, tare da hanyoyin 'mai ciyarwa' da ba a gina su ba a kusa da madatsar ruwa. Tun lokacin da aka fara shi, aikin ya kasance da cin hanci da rashawa wanda ya haifar da shari'o'in kotu da yawa da suka shafi mutane da kamfanoni masu yawa. == Mataki na I == Mataki na aikin ya ƙunshi duk abubuwan da ke da muhimmanci don adana ruwa a cikin madatsar ruwan Katse, samar da wutar lantarki da isar da ruwa zuwa Tsarin Kogin Vaal. An tsara matakin na a hankali don Katse Dam ya kasance hanyar haɗi ta yau da kullun ga ƙarin matakai da aka gano yayin nazarin yiwuwar. Dangane da tsarin da aka tsara, Mataki na I ya ƙunshi Mataki na IA wanda ya ƙunshi mahimman abubuwan, da Mataki na IB wanda ke haɓaka amfanin aikin tare da ƙara tushen tushe guda biyu wato madatsar ruwa ta Mohale da [[Matsoku Weir]]. === Mataki na IA === An kammala wannan matakin aikin a shekarar 1998. Ya kunshi galibi gina madatsar ruwan Katse a kan Kogin Malibamatšo a Lesotho . An gina ramin canja wurin kilomita 45 (28 daga madatsar ruwa ta Katse zuwa tafkin Muela. An dauki tafkin Muela a matsayin tafkin wutsiya, wanda ke samar da wutar lantarki ga Lesotho. Daga tafkin Muela shine ramin isar da kilomita 37 (23 zuwa fitowar kogin As daga inda ruwa ke gudana zuwa madatsar ruwan Vaal. Kodayake madatsar ruwan Katse tana da ikon samar da wutar lantarki don amfani da gida, ainihin manufar ita ce a matsayin ajiyar ajiya don Mataki na IA, da kuma samar da fitarwa cikin ramin canja wuri. Don rage asarar mazaunin, an kafa lambunan Katse Botanical don adana shuke-shuke da aka ceto daga yankin da za a ambaliya.<ref name="bgci">{{Cite web |title=Katse Botanic Garden |url=http://www.bgci.org/garden.php?id=2591 |access-date=9 December 2016 |publisher=[[Botanic Gardens Conservation International]]}}</ref> ==manazarta== os0pt3e3hp1n0xzhvwhnod8kaw5gc2h 0 153124 842535 2026-05-29T15:59:26Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1319478047|Mohale Dam]]" 842535 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dam din Mohale''' wani [[madatsar ruwa]] ne da ke fuskantar dutse a [[Lesotho]] . Ita ce madatsar ruwa ta biyu, a karkashin Mataki na 1B na jerin madatsar ruwan da aka tsara na Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP), wanda daga ƙarshe zai haɗa da manyan madatsar madatsar a yankunan karkara na Lesotho da [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name="Phase">{{Cite web |title=Welcome to LHWP Phase I |url=http://www.lhda.org.ls/Phase1/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916192118/http://www.lhda.org.ls/Phase1/ |archive-date=16 September 2016 |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority}}</ref> An gina aikin ne a farashin dala biliyan 1.5.{{Sfn|McDonald|2004}} An ba da madatsar ruwan Mohale lambar yabo ta Fulton ta 2005 ta Concrete Society of South Africa kamar yadda yake da "Best Construction Engineering Project and Best Construction Technique".{{Sfn|Haas|Mazzei|O'Leary|2010}} == Yanayin ƙasa == An gina madatsar ruwan a fadin [[Kogin Senqunyane]] a ƙasa da haɗuwa da yammacin kogin, Kogin Likalaneng . {{Sfn|Consortium|Consortium|1986}} Binciken da aka yi game da shafin madatsar ruwan a cikin "Highlands of Lesotho" ya bayyana "ƙananan kwari masu tsayi" inda murfin ƙasa yake da laushi kuma dutsen basaltic shine mafi rinjaye.{{Sfn|Consortium|Consortium|1986}} An gano shafin madatsar ruwan tare da siffofi biyu na geological na kuskuren da ke buƙatar matakan magani.{{Sfn|Fell|MacGregor|Stapledon|Bell|2005}} Dam din yana da nisan kilomita 100 (62 zuwa gabashin [[Maseru]], wanda shine babban birnin Lesotho . <ref name="Project">{{Cite web |title=Mohale Dam - highlands water project - phase 1b |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/mohale-dam-highlands-water-project-phase-1b.html |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Salini Impreglio}}</ref> Dam din yana zubar da yanki mai kilomita 938 (362 sq a kan tsawon kogi na kilomita 60 (37 tare da bambancin tsawo na mita 1,050 (3,440 . {{Sfn|Consortium|Consortium|1986}} == 141qTarihi == Muhimmancin manyan albarkatun ruwa na kasar, daya daga cikin albarkatun kasa daban-daban na ƙasar da ke kulle. Daga baya, Darakta na Ayyukan Jama'a, ya nemi injiniya don bincika yiwuwar aikin a matsayin hanyar da za a iya amfani da ita don kara bukatun samar da ruwa a ma'adinan zinare na Afirka ta Kudu.{{Sfn|Dennill|2001}} A shekara ta 1983, Bankin Duniya ya fara aiwatar da aikin. Mataki na rufe wasu mahimman dabarun aikin, yayin da kudade na Mataki na IB ya rufe ba kawai ƙirar injiniya da kula da manyan ayyukan ba amma tsarin da aka tsara tare da kwamitin masana a fagen injiniya da al'amuran muhalli da zamantakewa na aikin. [[Bankin Raya Afirka ta Kudu|Bankin Ci Gaban Kudancin Afirka]] (DBSA), Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai (IIB), da hukumomin Kudin fitarwa suma sun kusanci don tallafawa aikin.{{Sfn|Haas|Mazzei|O'Leary|2010}} An kafa Aikin Ruwa na Dutsen Lesotho (LHWP), da nufin samar da ruwa ga yankin Gauteng na Afirka ta Kudu da kuma samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa don biyan buƙatun Lesotho. Yarjejeniyar da aka sanya hannu tsakanin gwamnatin Lesotho da Afirka ta Kudu ta ba da haske ga aikin, kuma an kafa ƙungiyar don aiwatar da aikin. <ref name="Coordinate" /> <ref name="Water" /> Yarjejeniyar ta takaita ne ga Matakin IA da IB kawai. Hukumar Kula da Tunnel ta Trans-Caledon (TCTA), wacce aka bai wa ɓangarorin aiki da kulawa na aikin, tana ƙarƙashin jagorancin babban kafa na Hukumar Raya Manyan Tafkuna ta Lesotho (LHDA). <ref name="Mandate">{{Cite web |title=Welcome to the Lesotho Highlands Water Commission |url=http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhwc/default.html |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority}}</ref> Aikin yana hasashen karkatar da ruwa a tsaunukan ƙasar ta hanyar madatsun ruwa guda uku; biyu a ƙarƙashin Mataki na I (Mataki na A - [[Dam din Katse|Madatsar Katse]] da Mataki na II - Madatsar Mohale) da kuma Madatsar Polihali a ƙarƙashin Mataki na II. An kammala gina madatsun ruwa na Mataki na I a shekarar 2003 kuma an fara aiki a hukumance a shekarar 2004. <ref name="Coordinate">{{Cite web |title=About LHWC |url=http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhwc/about.html |publisher=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority}}</ref> <ref name="Water">{{Cite web |title=The Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP): Project Description |url=http://www.lhda.org.ls/phase2/index.php |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority}}</ref> == Abubuwan da ke ciki == [[Fayil:Mohale_Dam_2008.jpg|right|thumb|Dam din Mohale]] Dam din Mohale a karkashin Mataki na I B na LHWP, an tsara shi don karkatar da kimanin mita 70 (2,500 a kowace dakika na ajiya zuwa tafkin Katse Dam. Ruwa ya cika bukatun yankin Gauteng wanda ya ƙunshi ma'adinai da biranen masana'antu na [[Johannesburg]] da [[Pretoria]].<ref name="Project">{{Cite web |title=Mohale Dam - highlands water project - phase 1b |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/mohale-dam-highlands-water-project-phase-1b.html |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Salini Impreglio}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/mohale-dam-highlands-water-project-phase-1b.html "Mohale Dam - highlands water project - phase 1b"]. Salini Impreglio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> Gudun da aka tsara daga tafkin shine 9.5 mita (340 cu a kowace dakika wanda aka canja shi azaman yaduwar nauyi ta hanyar ramin da aka haɗa da kankare mai tsawon kilomita 32 (20 tare da diamita na ciki na mita 3.4 (11 . An rarraba madatsar ruwan Mohale a matsayin babban madatsar ruwa, kuma a mita 145 (476 a tsawo an ce ita ce madatsar da aka cika dutse (CFRD) a Afirka. An gina shi azaman madatsar ruwa tare da dutse mai cike da kankare a gefen sama. Abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin madatsar ruwan shine miliyan 7.5. Dam din yana da tsawon mita 700 (2,300 tare da mita 12 (39 mai faɗin. Hanyar zubar da ruwa, wanda ke gefen hagu na madatsar ruwan, ba a rufe shi ba kuma ambaliyar ruwa tana gudana a kan iyakar hanyar zubar da jini ta hanyar bututun da aka yi da siminti tare da guga mai juyawa da kwandon kwanciya a ƙarshen sa. An tsara hanyar zubar da ruwa don ambaliyar ruwa na mita 6,000 (210,000 a kowace dakika. l7m17qhitnsh483wlh0g2wkysx7ue25 842536 842535 2026-05-29T16:00:13Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842536 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din Mohale''' wani [[madatsar ruwa]] ne da ke fuskantar dutse a [[Lesotho]] . Ita ce madatsar ruwa ta biyu, a karkashin Mataki na 1B na jerin madatsar ruwan da aka tsara na Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP), wanda daga ƙarshe zai haɗa da manyan madatsar madatsar a yankunan karkara na Lesotho da [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name="Phase">{{Cite web |title=Welcome to LHWP Phase I |url=http://www.lhda.org.ls/Phase1/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916192118/http://www.lhda.org.ls/Phase1/ |archive-date=16 September 2016 |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority}}</ref> An gina aikin ne a farashin dala biliyan 1.5.{{Sfn|McDonald|2004}} An ba da madatsar ruwan Mohale lambar yabo ta Fulton ta 2005 ta Concrete Society of South Africa kamar yadda yake da "Best Construction Engineering Project and Best Construction Technique".{{Sfn|Haas|Mazzei|O'Leary|2010}} == Yanayin ƙasa == An gina madatsar ruwan a fadin [[Kogin Senqunyane]] a ƙasa da haɗuwa da yammacin kogin, Kogin Likalaneng . {{Sfn|Consortium|Consortium|1986}} Binciken da aka yi game da shafin madatsar ruwan a cikin "Highlands of Lesotho" ya bayyana "ƙananan kwari masu tsayi" inda murfin ƙasa yake da laushi kuma dutsen basaltic shine mafi rinjaye.{{Sfn|Consortium|Consortium|1986}} An gano shafin madatsar ruwan tare da siffofi biyu na geological na kuskuren da ke buƙatar matakan magani.{{Sfn|Fell|MacGregor|Stapledon|Bell|2005}} Dam din yana da nisan kilomita 100 (62 zuwa gabashin [[Maseru]], wanda shine babban birnin Lesotho . <ref name="Project">{{Cite web |title=Mohale Dam - highlands water project - phase 1b |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/mohale-dam-highlands-water-project-phase-1b.html |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Salini Impreglio}}</ref> Dam din yana zubar da yanki mai kilomita 938 (362 sq a kan tsawon kogi na kilomita 60 (37 tare da bambancin tsawo na mita 1,050 (3,440 . {{Sfn|Consortium|Consortium|1986}} == 141qTarihi == Muhimmancin manyan albarkatun ruwa na kasar, daya daga cikin albarkatun kasa daban-daban na ƙasar da ke kulle. Daga baya, Darakta na Ayyukan Jama'a, ya nemi injiniya don bincika yiwuwar aikin a matsayin hanyar da za a iya amfani da ita don kara bukatun samar da ruwa a ma'adinan zinare na Afirka ta Kudu.{{Sfn|Dennill|2001}} A shekara ta 1983, Bankin Duniya ya fara aiwatar da aikin. Mataki na rufe wasu mahimman dabarun aikin, yayin da kudade na Mataki na IB ya rufe ba kawai ƙirar injiniya da kula da manyan ayyukan ba amma tsarin da aka tsara tare da kwamitin masana a fagen injiniya da al'amuran muhalli da zamantakewa na aikin. [[Bankin Raya Afirka ta Kudu|Bankin Ci Gaban Kudancin Afirka]] (DBSA), Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai (IIB), da hukumomin Kudin fitarwa suma sun kusanci don tallafawa aikin.{{Sfn|Haas|Mazzei|O'Leary|2010}} An kafa Aikin Ruwa na Dutsen Lesotho (LHWP), da nufin samar da ruwa ga yankin Gauteng na Afirka ta Kudu da kuma samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa don biyan buƙatun Lesotho. Yarjejeniyar da aka sanya hannu tsakanin gwamnatin Lesotho da Afirka ta Kudu ta ba da haske ga aikin, kuma an kafa ƙungiyar don aiwatar da aikin. <ref name="Coordinate" /> <ref name="Water" /> Yarjejeniyar ta takaita ne ga Matakin IA da IB kawai. Hukumar Kula da Tunnel ta Trans-Caledon (TCTA), wacce aka bai wa ɓangarorin aiki da kulawa na aikin, tana ƙarƙashin jagorancin babban kafa na Hukumar Raya Manyan Tafkuna ta Lesotho (LHDA). <ref name="Mandate">{{Cite web |title=Welcome to the Lesotho Highlands Water Commission |url=http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhwc/default.html |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority}}</ref> Aikin yana hasashen karkatar da ruwa a tsaunukan ƙasar ta hanyar madatsun ruwa guda uku; biyu a ƙarƙashin Mataki na I (Mataki na A - [[Dam din Katse|Madatsar Katse]] da Mataki na II - Madatsar Mohale) da kuma Madatsar Polihali a ƙarƙashin Mataki na II. An kammala gina madatsun ruwa na Mataki na I a shekarar 2003 kuma an fara aiki a hukumance a shekarar 2004. <ref name="Coordinate">{{Cite web |title=About LHWC |url=http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhwc/about.html |publisher=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority}}</ref> <ref name="Water">{{Cite web |title=The Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP): Project Description |url=http://www.lhda.org.ls/phase2/index.php |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority}}</ref> == Abubuwan da ke ciki == [[Fayil:Mohale_Dam_2008.jpg|right|thumb|Dam din Mohale]] Dam din Mohale a karkashin Mataki na I B na LHWP, an tsara shi don karkatar da kimanin mita 70 (2,500 a kowace dakika na ajiya zuwa tafkin Katse Dam. Ruwa ya cika bukatun yankin Gauteng wanda ya ƙunshi ma'adinai da biranen masana'antu na [[Johannesburg]] da [[Pretoria]].<ref name="Project">{{Cite web |title=Mohale Dam - highlands water project - phase 1b |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/mohale-dam-highlands-water-project-phase-1b.html |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Salini Impreglio}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/mohale-dam-highlands-water-project-phase-1b.html "Mohale Dam - highlands water project - phase 1b"]. Salini Impreglio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> Gudun da aka tsara daga tafkin shine 9.5 mita (340 cu a kowace dakika wanda aka canja shi azaman yaduwar nauyi ta hanyar ramin da aka haɗa da kankare mai tsawon kilomita 32 (20 tare da diamita na ciki na mita 3.4 (11 . An rarraba madatsar ruwan Mohale a matsayin babban madatsar ruwa, kuma a mita 145 (476 a tsawo an ce ita ce madatsar da aka cika dutse (CFRD) a Afirka. An gina shi azaman madatsar ruwa tare da dutse mai cike da kankare a gefen sama. Abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin madatsar ruwan shine miliyan 7.5. Dam din yana da tsawon mita 700 (2,300 tare da mita 12 (39 mai faɗin. Hanyar zubar da ruwa, wanda ke gefen hagu na madatsar ruwan, ba a rufe shi ba kuma ambaliyar ruwa tana gudana a kan iyakar hanyar zubar da jini ta hanyar bututun da aka yi da siminti tare da guga mai juyawa da kwandon kwanciya a ƙarshen sa. An tsara hanyar zubar da ruwa don ambaliyar ruwa na mita 6,000 (210,000 a kowace dakika. ==manazarta== 9eufufn2r7a3jztkn8x4jf900xlup0s 0 153125 842537 2026-05-29T16:01:30Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356067493|Lake Anosy]]" 842537 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Antananarivo01.jpg|thumb|Tafkin Anosy a Antananarivo]] '''Lake Anosy''' [anˈuːsi] wani tafki ne na wucin gadi a kudancin babban birnin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]], [[Antananarivo]], kimanin mil biyu kudu da [[Haute-Ville]]. [[Ampefiloha]] yana yammacin tafkin, [[Isoraka]] a arewa maso yamma da [[Mahamasina]] a arewa. An maye gurbin wani fadama da Tafkin Anosy a zamanin mulkin Radama na ɗaya. James Cameron ne ya gina tafkin wanda ya ba shi siffar zuciya. A tsakiyar tafkin, akwai wani tsibiri da ke da alaƙa da birnin ta hanyar wani isthmus. A tsibirin akwai wani abin tunawa da Faransa ta gina ga waɗanda suka mutu a yaƙin duniya na farko, Monument aux Morts wanda mai sassaka Barberis da mai zane Perrin suka yi a shekarar 1927. <ref>{{Cite web |title=internaute.com |url=http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006201608/http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |archive-date=2008-10-06 |access-date=2013-12-05}}</ref> A zamanin Radama na ɗaya, akwai masana'antar yin amfani da bawon bindiga a tsibirin. Daga baya an gina gidan zama na bazara ga Sarauniya Ranavalona ta ɗaya. A gefen tafkin akwai bishiyoyin jacaranda da ke fure a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba. [[Farin zalbe|Manyan tsuntsayen]] kan yi hutu a gefen tafkin. A gefen kudu, akwai wuraren aski. <ref name="lonelyplanet-1000570204" /> A ranar 'yancin kai ta ƙasa, 26 ga watan Yuni, ana shirya bikin wasan wuta na shekara-shekara a tafkin. == Manazarta == Belon'i TsiribihinaLake AnosyBelon'i TsiribihinaLake AnosyBelon'i TsiribihinaLake Anosy c617lk2r5iopkqeqmwpvk7wl8j60nq5 842538 842537 2026-05-29T16:01:53Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842538 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Antananarivo01.jpg|thumb|Tafkin Anosy a Antananarivo]] '''Lake Anosy''' [anˈuːsi] wani tafki ne na wucin gadi a kudancin babban birnin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]], [[Antananarivo]], kimanin mil biyu kudu da [[Haute-Ville]]. [[Ampefiloha]] yana yammacin tafkin, [[Isoraka]] a arewa maso yamma da [[Mahamasina]] a arewa. An maye gurbin wani fadama da Tafkin Anosy a zamanin mulkin Radama na ɗaya. James Cameron ne ya gina tafkin wanda ya ba shi siffar zuciya. A tsakiyar tafkin, akwai wani tsibiri da ke da alaƙa da birnin ta hanyar wani isthmus. A tsibirin akwai wani abin tunawa da Faransa ta gina ga waɗanda suka mutu a yaƙin duniya na farko, Monument aux Morts wanda mai sassaka Barberis da mai zane Perrin suka yi a shekarar 1927. <ref>{{Cite web |title=internaute.com |url=http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006201608/http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |archive-date=2008-10-06 |access-date=2013-12-05}}</ref> A zamanin Radama na ɗaya, akwai masana'antar yin amfani da bawon bindiga a tsibirin. Daga baya an gina gidan zama na bazara ga Sarauniya Ranavalona ta ɗaya. A gefen tafkin akwai bishiyoyin jacaranda da ke fure a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba. [[Farin zalbe|Manyan tsuntsayen]] kan yi hutu a gefen tafkin. A gefen kudu, akwai wuraren aski. <ref name="lonelyplanet-1000570204" /> A ranar 'yancin kai ta ƙasa, 26 ga watan Yuni, ana shirya bikin wasan wuta na shekara-shekara a tafkin. == Manazarta == cwsq4y2c1uchmg1grhd7y9tdl2p24fo 842547 842538 2026-05-29T16:10:58Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842547 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Antananarivo01.jpg|thumb|Tafkin Anosy a Antananarivo]] '''Lake Anosy''' [anˈuːsi] wani tafki ne na wucin gadi a kudancin babban birnin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]], [[Antananarivo]], kimanin mil biyu kudu da [[Haute-Ville]].<ref name="lonelyplanet-1000570204">[http://www.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/madagascar/antananarivo/sights/1000570204 Lonely Planet]</ref> [[Ampefiloha]] yana yammacin tafkin, [[Isoraka]] a arewa maso yamma da [[Mahamasina]] a arewa.<ref name="lonelyplanet-1000570204">[http://www.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/madagascar/antananarivo/sights/1000570204 Lonely Planet]</ref> An maye gurbin wani fadama da Tafkin Anosy a zamanin mulkin Radama na ɗaya. James Cameron ne ya gina tafkin wanda ya ba shi siffar zuciya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |title=internaute.com |access-date=2013-12-05 |archive-date=2008-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006201608/http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A tsakiyar tafkin, akwai wani tsibiri da ke da alaƙa da birnin ta hanyar wani isthmus. A tsibirin akwai wani abin tunawa da Faransa ta gina ga waɗanda suka mutu a yaƙin duniya na farko, Monument aux Morts wanda mai sassaka Barberis da mai zane Perrin suka yi a shekarar 1927. <ref>{{Cite web |title=internaute.com |url=http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006201608/http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |archive-date=2008-10-06 |access-date=2013-12-05}}</ref> A zamanin Radama na ɗaya, akwai masana'antar yin amfani da bawon bindiga a tsibirin. Daga baya an gina gidan zama na bazara ga Sarauniya Ranavalona ta ɗaya. A gefen tafkin akwai bishiyoyin jacaranda da ke fure a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba. [[Farin zalbe|Manyan tsuntsayen]] kan yi hutu a gefen tafkin. A gefen kudu, akwai wuraren aski. <ref name="lonelyplanet-1000570204" /> A ranar 'yancin kai ta ƙasa, 26 ga watan Yuni, ana shirya bikin wasan wuta na shekara-shekara a tafkin. == Manazarta == 22o7ndrc71imjszgdrbz26xu2o9quyb 842549 842547 2026-05-29T16:11:49Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Antananarivo01.jpg|thumb|Tafkin Anosy a Antananarivo]] '''Lake Anosy''' [anˈuːsi] wani tafki ne na wucin gadi a kudancin babban birnin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]], [[Antananarivo]], kimanin mil biyu kudu da [[Haute-Ville]].<ref name="lonelyplanet-1000570204">[http://www.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/madagascar/antananarivo/sights/1000570204 Lonely Planet]</ref> [[Ampefiloha]] yana yammacin tafkin, [[Isoraka]] a arewa maso yamma da [[Mahamasina]] a arewa.<ref name="lonelyplanet-1000570204">[http://www.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/madagascar/antananarivo/sights/1000570204 Lonely Planet]</ref> An maye gurbin wani fadama da Tafkin Anosy a zamanin mulkin Radama na ɗaya. James Cameron ne ya gina tafkin wanda ya ba shi siffar zuciya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |title=internaute.com |access-date=2013-12-05 |archive-date=2008-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006201608/http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A tsakiyar tafkin, akwai wani tsibiri da ke da alaƙa da birnin ta hanyar wani isthmus. A tsibirin akwai wani abin tunawa da Faransa ta gina ga waɗanda suka mutu a yaƙin duniya na farko, Monument aux Morts wanda mai sassaka Barberis da mai zane Perrin suka yi a shekarar 1927. <ref>{{Cite web |title=internaute.com |url=http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006201608/http://photos.linternaute.com/photo/1080971/1096739900/1457/l-ange-noir-du-lac-anosy/ |archive-date=2008-10-06 |access-date=2013-12-05}}</ref> A zamanin Radama na ɗaya, akwai masana'antar yin amfani da bawon bindiga a tsibirin. Daga baya an gina gidan zama na bazara ga Sarauniya Ranavalona ta ɗaya. A gefen tafkin akwai bishiyoyin jacaranda da ke fure a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba. [[Farin zalbe|Manyan tsuntsayen]] kan yi hutu a gefen tafkin. A gefen kudu, akwai wuraren aski. <ref name="lonelyplanet-1000570204" /> A ranar 'yancin kai ta ƙasa, 26 ga watan Yuni, ana shirya bikin wasan wuta na shekara-shekara a tafkin. == Manazarta == 6swb3pk5135223h00g01lmk5r32ahp5 0 153126 842540 2026-05-29T16:02:47Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1341284490|Polihali Dam]]" 842540 wikitext text/x-wiki Dam din Polihali [[madatsar ruwa]] ce da ke fuskantar dutse a [[Lesotho]] . <ref name="wpm">{{Cite web |title=Polihali Dam marks significant milestone with Senqu River diversion |url=https://www.waterpowermagazine.com/news/newspolihali-dam-marks-significant-milestone-with-senqu-river-diversion-11063420 |access-date=4 April 2024 |publisher=International Water Power}}</ref> Ita ce madatsar ruwa ta uku, a karkashin Mataki na II na jerin madatsar ruwan da aka tsara na [[Lesotho]] Highlands Water Project (LHWP), wanda daga ƙarshe zai haɗa da manyan madatsar madatsar a yankunan karkara na Lesotho da [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name="wpm"></ref> Ramin canja wurin Polihali, wanda zai haɗa wannan madatsar ruwan zuwa madatsar ruwa ta Katse (maɓallin maida hankali na LHWP), ya kai tsawon kilomita 38 tare da ma'auni na mita biyar.<ref name="lhda">{{Cite web |title=Polihali Transfer Tunnel Update |url=https://www.lhda.org.ls/Uploads/Documents/Newsroom/News/POLIHALI_TRANSFER_TUNNEL.pdf |publisher=Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP)}}</ref> Wannan ramin zai isar da ruwa ta hanyar nauyi daga tafkin Polihali zuwa tafkin Katse. Daga Katse, ana isar da ruwa zuwa tashar wutar lantarki ta Muela ta Phase I sannan daga baya a kai shi ga Kogin As a kan hanyar zuwa Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu.<ref name="geoeng">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=November 8, 2022 |title=Construction of Polihali Dam and Polihali Transfer Tunnel will start as contracts awarded |url=https://www.geoengineer.org/news/construction-of-polihali-dam-and-polihali-transfer-tunnel-will-start-as-contracts-awarded |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=geoengineer.org |publisher= |quote=}}</ref> == Ci gaba == Mataki na biyu na Lesotho Highlands Water Project ya ƙunshi gina madatsar ruwan Polihali, Ramin canja wurin Polihali, Shirin Hydropower na Oxbow, da manyan gadoji uku.<ref name="africaoutlookmag-polihali">{{Cite web |title=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority : The Epitome of Dam Expertise |url=https://www.africaoutlookmag.com/energy-utilities/lesotho-highlands-development-authority-the-epitome-of-dam-expertise |access-date=6 May 2024 |publisher=Africa Outlook Magazine}}</ref> Ƙara cubic mita biliyan 2.3 a cikin ƙarfin ajiya, zai ɗaga yawan wadata na shekara-shekara daga cubic mita miliyan 780 zuwa 1270, yana biyan bukatun ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu yayin haɓaka ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na Lesotho.<ref name="geoeng">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=November 8, 2022 |title=Construction of Polihali Dam and Polihali Transfer Tunnel will start as contracts awarded |url=https://www.geoengineer.org/news/construction-of-polihali-dam-and-polihali-transfer-tunnel-will-start-as-contracts-awarded |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=geoengineer.org |publisher= |quote=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.geoengineer.org/news/construction-of-polihali-dam-and-polihali-transfer-tunnel-will-start-as-contracts-awarded "Construction of Polihali Dam and Polihali Transfer Tunnel will start as contracts awarded"]. ''geoengineer.org''. November 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Bayar da kwangilar gini ga [[Lesotho loti|M]] ruwan Polihali (kimanin M7.68 biliyan), bututun Polihali (Kimanin M9.2 biliyan), da Senqu Bridge (mafi girma daga cikin manyan gadoji uku da aka tsara) ya faru ne a ƙarshen 2022.<ref name="geoeng">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=November 8, 2022 |title=Construction of Polihali Dam and Polihali Transfer Tunnel will start as contracts awarded |url=https://www.geoengineer.org/news/construction-of-polihali-dam-and-polihali-transfer-tunnel-will-start-as-contracts-awarded |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=geoengineer.org |publisher= |quote=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.geoengineer.org/news/construction-of-polihali-dam-and-polihali-transfer-tunnel-will-start-as-contracts-awarded "Construction of Polihali Dam and Polihali Transfer Tunnel will start as contracts awarded"]. ''geoengineer.org''. November 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Yawancin kudaden da ake buƙata don wannan mataki na biyu za a samo su daga kasuwannin kuɗi na Afirka ta Kudu ta hanyar Trans Caledon Tunnel Authority.<ref name="sanews"> {{Cite web |last= |first= |date=May 23, 2023 |title=President Ramaphosa turns sod in Lesotho water project |url=https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/president-ramaphosa-turns-sod-lesotho-water-project |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=sanews.gov.za |publisher=South African Government News Agency}} </ref> Sayar da kayayyaki da kuma kula da gine-gine na Shirin Hydropower na Oxbow ya fara ne daga Maris 2023, a matsayin lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da tayin injiniya, masu ba da shawara kan muhalli da zamantakewa. <ref name="geoeng"></ref> Ginin madatsar ruwan Polihali da cika tafkin zai kunshi fiye da hekta 5,000 na ƙasar da ke kan iyakar kogin Senqu da Khubela. Kimanin iyalai 270 za su sake komawa. An kawo gidaje na farko a cikin Gundumar Mokhotlong a farkon Afrilu 2023, tare da ƙarin mazauna da za su biyo baya yayin da aka kammala sabbin mazauna.<ref name="africaoutlookmag-polihali">{{Cite web |title=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority : The Epitome of Dam Expertise |url=https://www.africaoutlookmag.com/energy-utilities/lesotho-highlands-development-authority-the-epitome-of-dam-expertise |access-date=6 May 2024 |publisher=Africa Outlook Magazine}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.africaoutlookmag.com/energy-utilities/lesotho-highlands-development-authority-the-epitome-of-dam-expertise "Lesotho Highlands Development Authority : The Epitome of Dam Expertise"]. Africa Outlook Magazine<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> [[Amnesty International]] ta yi gargadin cewa aikin madatsar ruwan Polihali na iya kawar da kusan mutane 8,000 daga kauyuka 35, suna barazanar gidajensu da rayuwarsu. Kungiyar ta yi kira ga hukumomin Lesotho da su tabbatar da cewa duk wani fitarwa da ya shafi aikin madatsar ruwan Polihali ana gudanar da shi daidai da ka'idodin haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya.<ref name="amnesty">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=February 6, 2020 |title=Lesotho: Polihali Dam construction puts nearly 8,000 people at risk of displacement |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/02/lesotho-polihali-dam-construction-puts-nearly-8000-people-at-risk-of-displacement/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=amnesty.org |publisher=Amnesty International}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, labarai da yawa na cikin gida sun nuna korafin mazauna. Wadannan damuwa sun hada da diyya da aka bayar don ƙasarsu, kula da dabbobinsu da suka yi yawo a cikin yankin gini, da kuma ƙananan albashi da aka ba ma'aikatan yankin. <ref name="mg-co-za">{{Cite web |last=Molupe |first=Majara |date=June 22, 2023 |title=Basotho lose out over new dam that will supply SA with more water |url=https://mg.co.za/africa/2023-06-22-basotho-lose-out-over-new-dam-that-will-supply-sa-with-more-water/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=mg.co.za |publisher=Mail & Guardian}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2023, Sarki Letsie III na Lesotho da Shugaban Afirka ta Kudu Cyril Ramaphosa sun kaddamar da aikin a hukumance.<ref name="africaoutlookmag-polihali" /> Watanni bayan haka, Hukumar Raya Highlands ta Lesotho (LHDA) ta ba da rahoton cewa a ranar Jumma'a, 4 ga watan Agusta 2023, ƙungiyar ta sami nasarar karkatar da Kogin Senqu ta hanyar pre-cofferdam.<ref name="wpm" /> Manufar pre-cofferdam ita ce ta hanyar kogin ta hanyar hanyoyin karkatarwa, tabbatar da ingantaccen ginin cofferdam da kuma tushen madatsar ruwan. Manufar ita ce kammala cofferdam a ƙarshen Oktoba 2023, sannan a fara aiki a kan babban madatsar ruwan. 3af78twxmllb1t6jl5l0kxpfu2uvsto 842541 842540 2026-05-29T16:03:32Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Dam din Polihali [[madatsar ruwa]] ce da ke fuskantar dutse a [[Lesotho]] . <ref name="wpm">{{Cite web |title=Polihali Dam marks significant milestone with Senqu River diversion |url=https://www.waterpowermagazine.com/news/newspolihali-dam-marks-significant-milestone-with-senqu-river-diversion-11063420 |access-date=4 April 2024 |publisher=International Water Power}}</ref> Ita ce madatsar ruwa ta uku, a karkashin Mataki na II na jerin madatsar ruwan da aka tsara na [[Lesotho]] Highlands Water Project (LHWP), wanda daga ƙarshe zai haɗa da manyan madatsar madatsar a yankunan karkara na Lesotho da [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name="wpm"></ref> Ramin canja wurin Polihali, wanda zai haɗa wannan madatsar ruwan zuwa madatsar ruwa ta Katse (maɓallin maida hankali na LHWP), ya kai tsawon kilomita 38 tare da ma'auni na mita biyar.<ref name="lhda">{{Cite web |title=Polihali Transfer Tunnel Update |url=https://www.lhda.org.ls/Uploads/Documents/Newsroom/News/POLIHALI_TRANSFER_TUNNEL.pdf |publisher=Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP)}}</ref> Wannan ramin zai isar da ruwa ta hanyar nauyi daga tafkin Polihali zuwa tafkin Katse. Daga Katse, ana isar da ruwa zuwa tashar wutar lantarki ta Muela ta Phase I sannan daga baya a kai shi ga Kogin As a kan hanyar zuwa Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu.<ref name="geoeng">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=November 8, 2022 |title=Construction of Polihali Dam and Polihali Transfer Tunnel will start as contracts awarded |url=https://www.geoengineer.org/news/construction-of-polihali-dam-and-polihali-transfer-tunnel-will-start-as-contracts-awarded |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=geoengineer.org |publisher= |quote=}}</ref> == Ci gaba == Mataki na biyu na Lesotho Highlands Water Project ya ƙunshi gina madatsar ruwan Polihali, Ramin canja wurin Polihali, Shirin Hydropower na Oxbow, da manyan gadoji uku.<ref name="africaoutlookmag-polihali">{{Cite web |title=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority : The Epitome of Dam Expertise |url=https://www.africaoutlookmag.com/energy-utilities/lesotho-highlands-development-authority-the-epitome-of-dam-expertise |access-date=6 May 2024 |publisher=Africa Outlook Magazine}}</ref> Ƙara cubic mita biliyan 2.3 a cikin ƙarfin ajiya, zai ɗaga yawan wadata na shekara-shekara daga cubic mita miliyan 780 zuwa 1270, yana biyan bukatun ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu yayin haɓaka ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na Lesotho.<ref name="geoeng">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=November 8, 2022 |title=Construction of Polihali Dam and Polihali Transfer Tunnel will start as contracts awarded |url=https://www.geoengineer.org/news/construction-of-polihali-dam-and-polihali-transfer-tunnel-will-start-as-contracts-awarded |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=geoengineer.org |publisher= |quote=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.geoengineer.org/news/construction-of-polihali-dam-and-polihali-transfer-tunnel-will-start-as-contracts-awarded "Construction of Polihali Dam and Polihali Transfer Tunnel will start as contracts awarded"]. ''geoengineer.org''. November 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Bayar da kwangilar gini ga [[Lesotho loti|M]] ruwan Polihali (kimanin M7.68 biliyan), bututun Polihali (Kimanin M9.2 biliyan), da Senqu Bridge (mafi girma daga cikin manyan gadoji uku da aka tsara) ya faru ne a ƙarshen 2022.<ref name="geoeng">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=November 8, 2022 |title=Construction of Polihali Dam and Polihali Transfer Tunnel will start as contracts awarded |url=https://www.geoengineer.org/news/construction-of-polihali-dam-and-polihali-transfer-tunnel-will-start-as-contracts-awarded |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=geoengineer.org |publisher= |quote=}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.geoengineer.org/news/construction-of-polihali-dam-and-polihali-transfer-tunnel-will-start-as-contracts-awarded "Construction of Polihali Dam and Polihali Transfer Tunnel will start as contracts awarded"]. ''geoengineer.org''. November 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Yawancin kudaden da ake buƙata don wannan mataki na biyu za a samo su daga kasuwannin kuɗi na Afirka ta Kudu ta hanyar Trans Caledon Tunnel Authority.<ref name="sanews"> {{Cite web |last= |first= |date=May 23, 2023 |title=President Ramaphosa turns sod in Lesotho water project |url=https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/president-ramaphosa-turns-sod-lesotho-water-project |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=sanews.gov.za |publisher=South African Government News Agency}} </ref> Sayar da kayayyaki da kuma kula da gine-gine na Shirin Hydropower na Oxbow ya fara ne daga Maris 2023, a matsayin lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da tayin injiniya, masu ba da shawara kan muhalli da zamantakewa. <ref name="geoeng"></ref> Ginin madatsar ruwan Polihali da cika tafkin zai kunshi fiye da hekta 5,000 na ƙasar da ke kan iyakar kogin Senqu da Khubela. Kimanin iyalai 270 za su sake komawa. An kawo gidaje na farko a cikin Gundumar Mokhotlong a farkon Afrilu 2023, tare da ƙarin mazauna da za su biyo baya yayin da aka kammala sabbin mazauna.<ref name="africaoutlookmag-polihali">{{Cite web |title=Lesotho Highlands Development Authority : The Epitome of Dam Expertise |url=https://www.africaoutlookmag.com/energy-utilities/lesotho-highlands-development-authority-the-epitome-of-dam-expertise |access-date=6 May 2024 |publisher=Africa Outlook Magazine}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.africaoutlookmag.com/energy-utilities/lesotho-highlands-development-authority-the-epitome-of-dam-expertise "Lesotho Highlands Development Authority : The Epitome of Dam Expertise"]. Africa Outlook Magazine<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> [[Amnesty International]] ta yi gargadin cewa aikin madatsar ruwan Polihali na iya kawar da kusan mutane 8,000 daga kauyuka 35, suna barazanar gidajensu da rayuwarsu. Kungiyar ta yi kira ga hukumomin Lesotho da su tabbatar da cewa duk wani fitarwa da ya shafi aikin madatsar ruwan Polihali ana gudanar da shi daidai da ka'idodin haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya.<ref name="amnesty">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=February 6, 2020 |title=Lesotho: Polihali Dam construction puts nearly 8,000 people at risk of displacement |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/02/lesotho-polihali-dam-construction-puts-nearly-8000-people-at-risk-of-displacement/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=amnesty.org |publisher=Amnesty International}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, labarai da yawa na cikin gida sun nuna korafin mazauna. Wadannan damuwa sun hada da diyya da aka bayar don ƙasarsu, kula da dabbobinsu da suka yi yawo a cikin yankin gini, da kuma ƙananan albashi da aka ba ma'aikatan yankin. <ref name="mg-co-za">{{Cite web |last=Molupe |first=Majara |date=June 22, 2023 |title=Basotho lose out over new dam that will supply SA with more water |url=https://mg.co.za/africa/2023-06-22-basotho-lose-out-over-new-dam-that-will-supply-sa-with-more-water/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=mg.co.za |publisher=Mail & Guardian}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2023, Sarki Letsie III na Lesotho da Shugaban Afirka ta Kudu Cyril Ramaphosa sun kaddamar da aikin a hukumance.<ref name="africaoutlookmag-polihali" /> Watanni bayan haka, Hukumar Raya Highlands ta Lesotho (LHDA) ta ba da rahoton cewa a ranar Jumma'a, 4 ga watan Agusta 2023, ƙungiyar ta sami nasarar karkatar da Kogin Senqu ta hanyar pre-cofferdam.<ref name="wpm" /> Manufar pre-cofferdam ita ce ta hanyar kogin ta hanyar hanyoyin karkatarwa, tabbatar da ingantaccen ginin cofferdam da kuma tushen madatsar ruwan. Manufar ita ce kammala cofferdam a ƙarshen Oktoba 2023, sannan a fara aiki a kan babban madatsar ruwan. ==manazarta== g5i307blcj0w089vv2ol5uswwndb5yr 0 153127 842543 2026-05-29T16:08:19Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1287939279|Angololo Multipurpose Dam]]" 842543 wikitext text/x-wiki Dam din Angololo wani madatsar ruwa ne da aka tsara a fadin Kogin Malaba, a kan iyaka tsakanin [[Kenya]] da [[Uganda]] . Dam din zai haifar da tafkin da zai iya adana cubic mita 43,000,000 (4.3 na ruwa don sha, ban ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki. Ana sa ran kimanin hekta 3,300 (acre 8,200) za su zo ƙarƙashin ban ruwa (acre 1,180 (acre 2,900) a Kenya da hekta 2,120 (acre 5,200) a Uganda), tare da ruwa daga wannan madatsar ruwan. Ana sa ran madatsar ruwan za ta amfana da akalla mutane 127,300 a kasashen biyu. Ana sa ran madatsar ruwan za ta tallafa wa ƙaramin tashar wutar lantarki mai amfani da ruwa tare da ƙarfin 1.75 megawatts.<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Inès Magoum |date=28 July 2022 |title=Uganda/Kenya: New dam to provide water and electricity to 5 towns |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/uganda-kenya-new-dam-to-provide-water-and-electricity-to-5-towns/ |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=Afrik21.africa}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Dam din Angololo zai kasance a ƙauyen Bugesera, a cikin [[Tororo]]_District" id="mwLA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tororo District">Gundumar Tororo, a Yankin Gabas Uganda. Za a sami tashar wutar lantarki a fadin Kogin Malaba, wanda ya zama iyakar kasa da kasa tsakanin Kenya da Uganda.<ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Hydropower & Dams |date=3 July 2019 |title=Dam safety experts sought for Angololo Water Resources Development Project |url=https://www.hydropower-dams.com/news/dam-safety-experts-sought-for-angololo-water-resources-development-project/ |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=Hydropower-dams.com}}</ref> Wannan kusan kilomita 15 (9 ne ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso gabashin garin Tororo, inda hedkwatar Gundumar Tororo take. Garin Kalait yana da kusan kilomita 52 (32 mi) kudu maso gabashin Mbale, birni mafi girma a Yankin Gabashin Uganda. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Dam din a wannan wurin ya kasance a cikin tsare-tsaren tun daga shekara ta 2010. A wannan shekarar, Shirin Ayyuka na Ƙasar Nilu (NELSAP) ya gudanar da nazarin prefeasibility tare da kudade ta hanyar tallafi daga [[Norway|Gwamnatin Sarauta ta Norway]] da Gwamnatin Sarauniya ta Sweden. Bayan wadannan binciken, gwamnatocin kasashen biyu na Gabashin Afirka sun nemi NELSAP ta haɗa madatsar ruwan cikin "bututun ayyukanta don ƙarin kimantawa da ci gaba". Yankin aikin yana da kilomita 430 (166 sq . <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program |date=March 2020 |title=Angololo Water Resources Development Project |url=https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/33-project-brief-angololo-multipurpose-water-resource-project-march-2020/file |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=Nelsap.nilebasin.org}}</ref> NELSAP ta gudanar da cikakken binciken yiwuwar, cikakkun ƙirar aikin, ta gudanar da kimanta tasirin muhalli da zamantakewa (ESIA), ta haɓaka shirin sake zama da biyan diyya (RCAP), da kuma shirya takardun tayin. Wannan matakin ci gaba ya ɗauki watanni 34 kuma an kammala shi a watan Yulin 2022. Ya kai kimanin dala miliyan 1.83. <ref name="5R" /><ref name="6R">{{Cite web |last=African Development Bank |date=14 March 2019 |title=Multinational - Angololo Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://projectsportal.afdb.org/dataportal/VProject/show/P-Z1-DZ0-024 |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=[[African Development Bank]]}}</ref> == Kudin da kudade == Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2022, ba a bayyana farashin ginin ba. Ana sa ran samun kuɗi ta hanyar rance daga New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD). Wannan aikin ya sami tallafin kuɗi daga Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka a lokacin matakin binciken yiwuwar.<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Inès Magoum |date=28 July 2022 |title=Uganda/Kenya: New dam to provide water and electricity to 5 towns |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/uganda-kenya-new-dam-to-provide-water-and-electricity-to-5-towns/ |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=Afrik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFInès_Magoum2022">Inès Magoum (28 July 2022). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/uganda-kenya-new-dam-to-provide-water-and-electricity-to-5-towns/ "Uganda/Kenya: New dam to provide water and electricity to 5 towns"]. ''Afrik21.africa''. Paris, France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="6R">{{Cite web |last=African Development Bank |date=14 March 2019 |title=Multinational - Angololo Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://projectsportal.afdb.org/dataportal/VProject/show/P-Z1-DZ0-024 |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=[[African Development Bank]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAfrican_Development_Bank2019">African Development Bank (14 March 2019). [https://projectsportal.afdb.org/dataportal/VProject/show/P-Z1-DZ0-024 "Multinational - Angololo Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project"]. ''[[Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka|African Development Bank]]''. Abidjan, Ivory Coast<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> == Sauran la'akari == Ana sa ran wannan aikin samar da ruwa zai kara yawan ruwan sha ga garuruwan Tororo, Manafwa da Namisindwa a Uganda, da kuma Busia da Bungoma a Kenya.<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Inès Magoum |date=28 July 2022 |title=Uganda/Kenya: New dam to provide water and electricity to 5 towns |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/uganda-kenya-new-dam-to-provide-water-and-electricity-to-5-towns/ |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=Afrik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFInès_Magoum2022">Inès Magoum (28 July 2022). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/uganda-kenya-new-dam-to-provide-water-and-electricity-to-5-towns/ "Uganda/Kenya: New dam to provide water and electricity to 5 towns"]. ''Afrik21.africa''. Paris, France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> 6sas9vlgtev6ijv4ku1af2uk4neq2ar 842544 842543 2026-05-29T16:08:51Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Dam din Angololo wani madatsar ruwa ne da aka tsara a fadin Kogin Malaba, a kan iyaka tsakanin [[Kenya]] da [[Uganda]] . Dam din zai haifar da tafkin da zai iya adana cubic mita 43,000,000 (4.3 na ruwa don sha, ban ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki. Ana sa ran kimanin hekta 3,300 (acre 8,200) za su zo ƙarƙashin ban ruwa (acre 1,180 (acre 2,900) a Kenya da hekta 2,120 (acre 5,200) a Uganda), tare da ruwa daga wannan madatsar ruwan. Ana sa ran madatsar ruwan za ta amfana da akalla mutane 127,300 a kasashen biyu. Ana sa ran madatsar ruwan za ta tallafa wa ƙaramin tashar wutar lantarki mai amfani da ruwa tare da ƙarfin 1.75 megawatts.<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Inès Magoum |date=28 July 2022 |title=Uganda/Kenya: New dam to provide water and electricity to 5 towns |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/uganda-kenya-new-dam-to-provide-water-and-electricity-to-5-towns/ |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=Afrik21.africa}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Dam din Angololo zai kasance a ƙauyen Bugesera, a cikin [[Tororo]]_District" id="mwLA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tororo District">Gundumar Tororo, a Yankin Gabas Uganda. Za a sami tashar wutar lantarki a fadin Kogin Malaba, wanda ya zama iyakar kasa da kasa tsakanin Kenya da Uganda.<ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Hydropower & Dams |date=3 July 2019 |title=Dam safety experts sought for Angololo Water Resources Development Project |url=https://www.hydropower-dams.com/news/dam-safety-experts-sought-for-angololo-water-resources-development-project/ |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=Hydropower-dams.com}}</ref> Wannan kusan kilomita 15 (9 ne ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso gabashin garin Tororo, inda hedkwatar Gundumar Tororo take. Garin Kalait yana da kusan kilomita 52 (32 mi) kudu maso gabashin Mbale, birni mafi girma a Yankin Gabashin Uganda. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Dam din a wannan wurin ya kasance a cikin tsare-tsaren tun daga shekara ta 2010. A wannan shekarar, Shirin Ayyuka na Ƙasar Nilu (NELSAP) ya gudanar da nazarin prefeasibility tare da kudade ta hanyar tallafi daga [[Norway|Gwamnatin Sarauta ta Norway]] da Gwamnatin Sarauniya ta Sweden. Bayan wadannan binciken, gwamnatocin kasashen biyu na Gabashin Afirka sun nemi NELSAP ta haɗa madatsar ruwan cikin "bututun ayyukanta don ƙarin kimantawa da ci gaba". Yankin aikin yana da kilomita 430 (166 sq . <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program |date=March 2020 |title=Angololo Water Resources Development Project |url=https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/33-project-brief-angololo-multipurpose-water-resource-project-march-2020/file |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=Nelsap.nilebasin.org}}</ref> NELSAP ta gudanar da cikakken binciken yiwuwar, cikakkun ƙirar aikin, ta gudanar da kimanta tasirin muhalli da zamantakewa (ESIA), ta haɓaka shirin sake zama da biyan diyya (RCAP), da kuma shirya takardun tayin. Wannan matakin ci gaba ya ɗauki watanni 34 kuma an kammala shi a watan Yulin 2022. Ya kai kimanin dala miliyan 1.83. <ref name="5R" /><ref name="6R">{{Cite web |last=African Development Bank |date=14 March 2019 |title=Multinational - Angololo Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://projectsportal.afdb.org/dataportal/VProject/show/P-Z1-DZ0-024 |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=[[African Development Bank]]}}</ref> == Kudin da kudade == Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2022, ba a bayyana farashin ginin ba. Ana sa ran samun kuɗi ta hanyar rance daga New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD). Wannan aikin ya sami tallafin kuɗi daga Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka a lokacin matakin binciken yiwuwar.<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Inès Magoum |date=28 July 2022 |title=Uganda/Kenya: New dam to provide water and electricity to 5 towns |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/uganda-kenya-new-dam-to-provide-water-and-electricity-to-5-towns/ |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=Afrik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFInès_Magoum2022">Inès Magoum (28 July 2022). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/uganda-kenya-new-dam-to-provide-water-and-electricity-to-5-towns/ "Uganda/Kenya: New dam to provide water and electricity to 5 towns"]. ''Afrik21.africa''. Paris, France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="6R">{{Cite web |last=African Development Bank |date=14 March 2019 |title=Multinational - Angololo Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://projectsportal.afdb.org/dataportal/VProject/show/P-Z1-DZ0-024 |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=[[African Development Bank]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAfrican_Development_Bank2019">African Development Bank (14 March 2019). [https://projectsportal.afdb.org/dataportal/VProject/show/P-Z1-DZ0-024 "Multinational - Angololo Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project"]. ''[[Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka|African Development Bank]]''. Abidjan, Ivory Coast<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> == Sauran la'akari == Ana sa ran wannan aikin samar da ruwa zai kara yawan ruwan sha ga garuruwan Tororo, Manafwa da Namisindwa a Uganda, da kuma Busia da Bungoma a Kenya.<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Inès Magoum |date=28 July 2022 |title=Uganda/Kenya: New dam to provide water and electricity to 5 towns |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/uganda-kenya-new-dam-to-provide-water-and-electricity-to-5-towns/ |access-date=28 July 2022 |website=Afrik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFInès_Magoum2022">Inès Magoum (28 July 2022). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/uganda-kenya-new-dam-to-provide-water-and-electricity-to-5-towns/ "Uganda/Kenya: New dam to provide water and electricity to 5 towns"]. ''Afrik21.africa''. Paris, France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> ==manazarta== fkwuyxibwq7yz4rh3d4ph5cg6wjx3jr 0 153128 842545 2026-05-29T16:10:19Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1309821898|Steven Ukoh]]" 842545 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Steven Ukoh''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Yuni 1991) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ke bugawa Delémont wasa a gasar Swiss Promotion League a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . An haife shi a Switzerland, kuma yana wakiltar Najeriya a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. == Aikin kulob == Ukoh ta buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar [[BSC Young Boys II|Young Boys II]], FC Lugano da FC Biel-Bienne . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|access-date=21 January 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Soccerway|steven-ukoh/134237}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Bayan ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa a Switzerland, Ukoh ya canza sheƙa zuwa Najeriya a watan Disamba na 2014. [1] Ya fara buga wa Najeriya wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan ƙasa da ƙasa a watan Janairun 2015. [2] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]] rf28yqqazfbag0yfey99ecopi126yf7 842546 842545 2026-05-29T16:10:40Z Sardeeq 39275 842546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Steven Ukoh''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Yuni 1991) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ke bugawa Delémont wasa a gasar Swiss Promotion League a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . An haife shi a Switzerland, kuma yana wakiltar Najeriya a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. == Aikin kulob == Ukoh ta buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar [[BSC Young Boys II|Young Boys II]], FC Lugano da FC Biel-Bienne . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|access-date=21 January 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Soccerway|steven-ukoh/134237}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Bayan ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa a Switzerland, Ukoh ya canza sheƙa zuwa Najeriya a watan Disamba na 2014. [1] Ya fara buga wa Najeriya wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan ƙasa da ƙasa a watan Janairun 2015. [2] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]] nheyai1voa2gbwhhtlobg1enn9avpxa 0 153129 842548 2026-05-29T16:11:41Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1317217241|Kingsley Udoh]]" 842548 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kingsley Udoh''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Disamba, 1990) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya ga Sunshine Stars . == Aikin kulob == Ya fara aikinsa da Global Crystal Academy kafin ya koma Akwa United FC a lokacin hunturu na 2007. A watan Janairun 2009, Udoh zai koma kungiyar [[Atlético Madrid|Atletico Madrid]] ta Sipaniya, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PACG Forum |url=http://forum.atleticomadrid.de/showthread.php?tid=1756 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204810/http://forum.atleticomadrid.de/showthread.php?tid=1756 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |access-date=2008-07-11}}</ref> amma kungiyar ba ta sa hannu ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Service Unavailable |url=http://www.guardiannewsngr.com/sports/article01//indexn2_html?pdate=100108&ptitle=Super |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204237/http://www.guardiannewsngr.com/sports/article01//indexn2_html?pdate=100108&ptitle=Super |archive-date=2016-03-03 |access-date=2008-01-24}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2009, Udoh ya jawo hankalin Olympiacos FC da Olympique Lyon . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kingsley Udoh Claims Lyon And Olympiakos Interest {{!}} Goal.com |url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/89/africa/2009/02/04/1093384/kingsley-udoh-claims-lyon-and-olympiakos-interest}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Janairun 2010, ya fara gwaji da FC Hansa Rostock . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Udoh Kingsley zum Probetraining in Rostock |url=http://www.fc-hansa.de/index.php?id=154&oid=10631}}</ref> Ya koma gasar Najeriya a watan Fabrairun 2010 kuma ya sanya hannu da Heartland ta Owerri. <ref>http://www.sportsday.com.ng/nigeria/news/2010-03-02/udoh-returns-heartland.html?page=2 {{Dead link|date=February 2020}}</ref> A shekarar 2012, ya bar Najeriya don yin atisaye tare da ƙungiyar CA Peñarol ta Uruguay amma bai sanya hannu kan kwangila ba. Bayan da rahotanni suka ce komawarsa kulob ɗin Llaneros na Colombia ya gaza, ya koma Heartland a watan Janairun 2013. A watan Disamba na 2013, ya koma ƙungiyar [[Kano Pillars F.C.|Kano Pillars]] da ke fafatawa a gasar. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 da kuma gasar duniya inda Najeriya ta doke Spain a bugun fenariti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.uefa.com/competitions/under17/news/kind=1/newsid=581444.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503190157/http://www.uefa.com/competitions/under17/news/kind=1/newsid=581444.html |archive-date=2008-05-03 |access-date=2009-03-13}}</ref> An kira Udoh zuwa sansanin 'yan wasan Najeriya don gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2008 amma an cire shi daga tawagar 'yan wasa 23 na ƙarshe. Duk da haka, ya fara bugawa Super Eagles wasa a wasan sada zumunta da Sudan, inda Najeriya ta yi nasara da ci 2-0. Kocin Najeriya Berti Vogts ya ambaci shigarsa cikin tawagar a matsayin wata hanya ta samun ƙwarewa mai mahimmanci. Ya kuma buga wa 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 da kuma 'yan wasan Olympic Eagles wasa. == Lakabi == {| class="wikitable" !Kakar wasa ! Kulob ! Lakabi |- | 2007 |{{Flagicon|NGR}} [[kungiyan kwllon kafa ta yan shieka ta 17|Najeriya]] | Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 |- | 2007 |{{Flagicon|NGR}} [[kungiyan kwllon kafa ta yan shieka ta 17|Najeriya]] | Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA U-17 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] [[Rukuni:CS1 maint: archived copy as title]] 2nnzjnr8lx3fmq3bdsx80mhfjvr1we0 842551 842548 2026-05-29T16:11:59Z Sardeeq 39275 842551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kingsley Udoh''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Disamba, 1990) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya ga Sunshine Stars . == Aikin kulob == Ya fara aikinsa da Global Crystal Academy kafin ya koma Akwa United FC a lokacin hunturu na 2007. A watan Janairun 2009, Udoh zai koma kungiyar [[Atlético Madrid|Atletico Madrid]] ta Sipaniya, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PACG Forum |url=http://forum.atleticomadrid.de/showthread.php?tid=1756 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204810/http://forum.atleticomadrid.de/showthread.php?tid=1756 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |access-date=2008-07-11}}</ref> amma kungiyar ba ta sa hannu ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Service Unavailable |url=http://www.guardiannewsngr.com/sports/article01//indexn2_html?pdate=100108&ptitle=Super |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204237/http://www.guardiannewsngr.com/sports/article01//indexn2_html?pdate=100108&ptitle=Super |archive-date=2016-03-03 |access-date=2008-01-24}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2009, Udoh ya jawo hankalin Olympiacos FC da Olympique Lyon . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kingsley Udoh Claims Lyon And Olympiakos Interest {{!}} Goal.com |url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/89/africa/2009/02/04/1093384/kingsley-udoh-claims-lyon-and-olympiakos-interest}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Janairun 2010, ya fara gwaji da FC Hansa Rostock . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Udoh Kingsley zum Probetraining in Rostock |url=http://www.fc-hansa.de/index.php?id=154&oid=10631}}</ref> Ya koma gasar Najeriya a watan Fabrairun 2010 kuma ya sanya hannu da Heartland ta Owerri. <ref>http://www.sportsday.com.ng/nigeria/news/2010-03-02/udoh-returns-heartland.html?page=2 {{Dead link|date=February 2020}}</ref> A shekarar 2012, ya bar Najeriya don yin atisaye tare da ƙungiyar CA Peñarol ta Uruguay amma bai sanya hannu kan kwangila ba. Bayan da rahotanni suka ce komawarsa kulob ɗin Llaneros na Colombia ya gaza, ya koma Heartland a watan Janairun 2013. A watan Disamba na 2013, ya koma ƙungiyar [[Kano Pillars F.C.|Kano Pillars]] da ke fafatawa a gasar. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 da kuma gasar duniya inda Najeriya ta doke Spain a bugun fenariti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.uefa.com/competitions/under17/news/kind=1/newsid=581444.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503190157/http://www.uefa.com/competitions/under17/news/kind=1/newsid=581444.html |archive-date=2008-05-03 |access-date=2009-03-13}}</ref> An kira Udoh zuwa sansanin 'yan wasan Najeriya don gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2008 amma an cire shi daga tawagar 'yan wasa 23 na ƙarshe. Duk da haka, ya fara bugawa Super Eagles wasa a wasan sada zumunta da Sudan, inda Najeriya ta yi nasara da ci 2-0. Kocin Najeriya Berti Vogts ya ambaci shigarsa cikin tawagar a matsayin wata hanya ta samun ƙwarewa mai mahimmanci. Ya kuma buga wa 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 da kuma 'yan wasan Olympic Eagles wasa. == Lakabi == {| class="wikitable" !Kakar wasa ! Kulob ! Lakabi |- | 2007 |{{Flagicon|NGR}} [[kungiyan kwllon kafa ta yan shieka ta 17|Najeriya]] | Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 |- | 2007 |{{Flagicon|NGR}} [[kungiyan kwllon kafa ta yan shieka ta 17|Najeriya]] | Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA U-17 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] [[Rukuni:CS1 maint: archived copy as title]] lr2xm5lu8ljpq0sq9tptspl2zcsfil9 0 153130 842550 2026-05-29T16:11:55Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1321013035|Aoukar]]" 842550 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aoukar''' ko '''Erg Aoukar''' ( Arabic ) yanki ne mai cike da yanayin ƙasa a kudu maso gabashin [[Muritaniya|Mauritania]] . Yana tsakanin Kiffa da Néma, kudu da Tagant Plateau . Ana kuma kiran yankin da '''Hodh''' ko {{Nowrap|'''El Hodh'''}} {{Refn|Also encountered as '''Hōdh''', '''Ḥawḍ''',<ref>Fāsī, Muḥammad &&nbsp;al. [https://books.google.com/books?id=tw0Q0tg0QLoC&pg=PA130 ''General History of Africa'', Vol.&nbsp;III: ''Africa from the Seventh to the Eleventh Century'', p.&nbsp;130]. {{sc|unesco}} (Paris), 1988. Accessed 18&nbsp;Apr 2014.</ref> '''Hódh''',<ref name=hbm/> and '''al-Hodh'''.<ref>Ould-Mey, Mohameden. [https://books.google.com/books?id=iWxZ9JV-UOEC&pg=PA66 ''Global Restructuring and Peripheral States: The Carrot and the Stick in Mauritania'', p.&nbsp;66.] Rowman & Littlefield ([[Lanham, Massachusetts|Lanham]]), 1996. Accessed 18&nbsp;Apr 2014.</ref>}} (Arabic). Kogin Aoukar yanki ne mai bushewa na yashi da gishiri da ke kewaye da tsaunuka a gefen arewa da gabas. == Tarihi == Akwai wani babban tafkin endorheic da aka rufe da reed a yankin, amma ba ya wanzu. Tsohon tafkin Aoukar ya kai ga yankin Tichit, iyaka da gefen kudancin Tagant Plateau. A ƙasa da tsaunuka '' (dhars) '' da ke fuskantar tafkin da ya ƙare an sami ragowar kusan ƙauyuka 400.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tichit - The living ghost of yesterday's glory |url=http://looklex.com/mauritania/tichit.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093916/http://looklex.com/mauritania/tichit.htm |archive-date=2016-03-04 |access-date=2014-08-13}}</ref> [[Fayil:Stein_1861_Africa_Umars_Jihad_State.jpg|left|thumb|300x300px|Taswirar Jamus ta 1861 da ke nuna Hodh da ba a mamaye ba a cikin Daular Toucouleur ta [[Umar Taal|Umar Tall]] .]] Daga gabas zuwa Nemma, Dhar Néma, Dhar Walata, Dhar Tichitt, da Dhar Tagant sun samar da siffar semicircular a kusa da Hodh / Aoukar Depression, wanda, kafin 4000 KZ, yanki ne tare da tabkuna masu girma, kuma, bayan 1000 KZ, yankin ne wanda ya kara bushewa.<ref name="MacDonald II">{{Cite journal |last=MacDonald |first=Kevin C. |last2=Vernet |first2=Robert |last3=Martinón-Torres |first3=Marcos |last4=Fuller |first4=Dorian Q. |date=April 2009 |title=Dhar Néma: from early agriculture to metallurgy in southeastern Mauritania |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=3–48 |doi=10.1080/00671990902811330}}</ref> A lokacin fitowar Hadisin Tichitt, yanki ne mai laushi.<ref name="MacDonald II" /> Hadisin Tichitt na gabashin Mauritania ya kasance daga 2200 KZ zuwa 200 KZ. <ref name="Holl">{{Cite journal |last=Holl |first=Augustin F.C. |date=25 June 2009 |title=Coping with uncertainty: Neolithic life in the Dhar Tichitt-Walata, Mauritania, (ca. 4000–2300 BP) |url=https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.1016/j.crte.2009.04.005/ |journal=Comptes Rendus. Géoscience |volume=341 |issue=8–9 |pages=703–712 |bibcode=2009CRGeo.341..703H |doi=10.1016/j.crte.2009.04.005 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="Kay">{{Cite journal |last=Kay |first=Andrea U. |year=2019 |title=Diversification, Intensification and Specialization: Changing Land Use in Western Africa from 1800 BC to AD 1500 |journal=Journal of World Prehistory |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=179–228 |doi=10.1007/s10963-019-09131-2 |s2cid=134223231 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> A baya ana gudanar da shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na [[Sudan ta Faransa]] ([[Mali]] na yanzu), an canja yankin zuwa Mauritania na Faransa a 1944, a bayyane yake a kan muradin gwamnan mulkin mallaka [[Laigret]] . Har yanzu ana fushi da canjin a kan 'yancin Mali. Da farko ya fi dacewa, yanzu ya fi zama sharar gida. Aoukar / Hodh ya ba da sunansa ga yankuna [[Muritaniya|Mauritanci]] na zamani na Hodh Ech Chargui da Hodh El Gharbi. [[Fayil:Landscape_of_the_Aoukar.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi na dunes a cikin Aoukar]] == Muhalli == Aoukar yana daya daga cikin 'yan mafaka na halitta don addax, wani nau'in antelope mai haɗari wanda ke zaune a yankin. == Dubi kuma == * [[Yanayin ƙasar Mauritania]] * Jerin ergs == Manazarta == hfry5kf5hejkeihmo2hgzvyymakol1t 842552 842550 2026-05-29T16:12:27Z Pharouqenr 25549 842552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aoukar''' ko '''Erg Aoukar''' ( Arabic ) yanki ne mai cike da yanayin ƙasa a kudu maso gabashin [[Muritaniya|Mauritania]] . Yana tsakanin Kiffa da Néma, kudu da Tagant Plateau . Ana kuma kiran yankin da '''Hodh''' ko {{Nowrap|'''El Hodh'''}} {{Refn|Also encountered as '''Hōdh''', '''Ḥawḍ''',<ref>Fāsī, Muḥammad &&nbsp;al. [https://books.google.com/books?id=tw0Q0tg0QLoC&pg=PA130 ''General History of Africa'', Vol.&nbsp;III: ''Africa from the Seventh to the Eleventh Century'', p.&nbsp;130]. {{sc|unesco}} (Paris), 1988. Accessed 18&nbsp;Apr 2014.</ref> '''Hódh''',<ref name=hbm/> and '''al-Hodh'''.<ref>Ould-Mey, Mohameden. [https://books.google.com/books?id=iWxZ9JV-UOEC&pg=PA66 ''Global Restructuring and Peripheral States: The Carrot and the Stick in Mauritania'', p.&nbsp;66.] Rowman & Littlefield ([[Lanham, Massachusetts|Lanham]]), 1996. Accessed 18&nbsp;Apr 2014.</ref>}} (Arabic). Kogin Aoukar yanki ne mai bushewa na yashi da gishiri da ke kewaye da tsaunuka a gefen arewa da gabas. == Tarihi == Akwai wani babban tafkin endorheic da aka rufe da reed a yankin, amma ba ya wanzu. Tsohon tafkin Aoukar ya kai ga yankin Tichit, iyaka da gefen kudancin Tagant Plateau. A ƙasa da tsaunuka '' (dhars) '' da ke fuskantar tafkin da ya ƙare an sami ragowar kusan ƙauyuka 400.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tichit - The living ghost of yesterday's glory |url=http://looklex.com/mauritania/tichit.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093916/http://looklex.com/mauritania/tichit.htm |archive-date=2016-03-04 |access-date=2014-08-13}}</ref> [[Fayil:Stein_1861_Africa_Umars_Jihad_State.jpg|left|thumb|300x300px|Taswirar Jamus ta 1861 da ke nuna Hodh da ba a mamaye ba a cikin Daular Toucouleur ta [[Umar Taal|Umar Tall]] .]] Daga gabas zuwa Nemma, Dhar Néma, Dhar Walata, Dhar Tichitt, da Dhar Tagant sun samar da siffar semicircular a kusa da Hodh / Aoukar Depression, wanda, kafin 4000 KZ, yanki ne tare da tabkuna masu girma, kuma, bayan 1000 KZ, yankin ne wanda ya kara bushewa.<ref name="MacDonald II">{{Cite journal |last=MacDonald |first=Kevin C. |last2=Vernet |first2=Robert |last3=Martinón-Torres |first3=Marcos |last4=Fuller |first4=Dorian Q. |date=April 2009 |title=Dhar Néma: from early agriculture to metallurgy in southeastern Mauritania |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=3–48 |doi=10.1080/00671990902811330}}</ref> A lokacin fitowar Hadisin Tichitt, yanki ne mai laushi.<ref name="MacDonald II" /> Hadisin Tichitt na gabashin Mauritania ya kasance daga 2200 KZ zuwa 200 KZ. <ref name="Holl">{{Cite journal |last=Holl |first=Augustin F.C. |date=25 June 2009 |title=Coping with uncertainty: Neolithic life in the Dhar Tichitt-Walata, Mauritania, (ca. 4000–2300 BP) |url=https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.1016/j.crte.2009.04.005/ |journal=Comptes Rendus. Géoscience |volume=341 |issue=8–9 |pages=703–712 |bibcode=2009CRGeo.341..703H |doi=10.1016/j.crte.2009.04.005 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="Kay">{{Cite journal |last=Kay |first=Andrea U. |year=2019 |title=Diversification, Intensification and Specialization: Changing Land Use in Western Africa from 1800 BC to AD 1500 |journal=Journal of World Prehistory |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=179–228 |doi=10.1007/s10963-019-09131-2 |s2cid=134223231 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> A baya ana gudanar da shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na [[Sudan ta Faransa]] ([[Mali]] na yanzu), an canja yankin zuwa Mauritania na Faransa a 1944, a bayyane yake a kan muradin gwamnan mulkin mallaka [[Laigret]] . Har yanzu ana fushi da canjin a kan 'yancin Mali. Da farko ya fi dacewa, yanzu ya fi zama sharar gida. Aoukar / Hodh ya ba da sunansa ga yankuna [[Muritaniya|Mauritanci]] na zamani na Hodh Ech Chargui da Hodh El Gharbi. [[Fayil:Landscape_of_the_Aoukar.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi na dunes a cikin Aoukar]] == Muhalli == Aoukar yana daya daga cikin 'yan mafaka na halitta don addax, wani nau'in antelope mai haɗari wanda ke zaune a yankin. == Dubi kuma == * [[Yanayin ƙasar Mauritania]] * Jerin ergs == Manazarta == fw1pygf9ewdwsa60n7v9atywqtevgnm 0 153131 842553 2026-05-29T16:13:05Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347784914|Ifeanyi Udeze]]" 842553 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ifeanyi Udeze''' (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Yuli 1980) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya, mai watsa shirye-shiryen wasanni kuma tsohon ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya]] . A halin yanzu shi mai sharhi ne kan ƙwallon ƙafa a Brila FM, da ke [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . Ya shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2002, kuma ya taka rawa a matsayin dan [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya na hagu]], kuma ana amfani da shi a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|dan wasan baya na tsakiya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brila |date=2018-01-25 |title=How Oliseh Scouted me for the Super Eagles - Udeze |url=https://www.brila.net/oliseh-scouted-super-eagles-udeze/ |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=Latest Sports News In Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Udeze a [[Ajegunle]], Legas, Najeriya. == Aikin kulob == Udeze ya buga wasa a kungiyoyi kamar [[Bendel Insurance|Bendel Insurance FC]], AO Kavalas (Girka) da PAOK Thessaloniki, kafin ya koma West Bromwich Albion a shekara ta 2003. A kakarsa ta farko da Albion, ya buga wasa a [[Premier League|gasar Premier]], inda ya koma kulob din a matsayin aro a karshen kakar wasa, daga baya Albion ta fadi daga gasar. An sallame shi daga AEK Athens a watan Janairun 2007, watanni shida bayan sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru uku a ranar 11 ga Agustan 2006. A ranar 4 ga Yuli 2007, ya koma PAOK, inda ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu. Raunin gwiwa mai tsanani ya hana shi samun gurbin shiga ƙungiyar farko <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ifeanyi Udeze Files for Divorce - OnlineNigeria.com |url=http://nm.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=13918 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108231712/http://nm.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=13918 |archive-date=8 November 2014 |access-date=2018-05-14 |website=nm.onlinenigeria.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Erons |first=Imhons |date=2020-08-15 |title=Former Nigerian Star Reveals Real Reason Behind His Early Super Eagles Exit - Soccernet NG |url=https://soccernet.ng/2020/08/former-nigerian-star-reveals-real-reason-behind-his-early-super-eagles-exit.html |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=Soccernet.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma aka sallame shi bayan shekara guda a kulob ɗin. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Udeze ya fara fitowa fili a duniya a gasar cin kofin UEFA-CAF Meridian Cup da aka gudanar a Portugal a shekarar 1997, inda [[Xavi]] na Spain da Simao na Portugal suka yi fice. Ya kasance memba na tawagar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] da Fanny Amun ke jagoranta, wadanda suka doke Spain da ci 3-2, inda suka lashe gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=IFEANYI UDEZE INTERVIEW. - Cybereagles |url=https://forum.cybereagles.com/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=74348 |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=forum.cybereagles.com}}</ref> Wasu daga cikin 'yan wasan sun hada da [[Rabiu Afolabi]], [[Joseph Enakarhire]], [[Igbinadolor mai haske|Bright Igbinadolor]], Chijioke Nwankpa, Hashimu Garba, da [[Aliyu Datti|Mohammed Aliyu Datti]] . Bayan ya fara buga wasa a ƙasashen waje a shekarar 2001, Udeze ya buga wa Najeriya wasa a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2002 da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2004, sannan ya buga wasanni biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Olaleye |first=Lanre |date=26 February 2001 |title=Nigeria: 2002 World Cup Qualifier: NFA Insists On Udeze |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200102260170.html |access-date=25 July 2024 |website=PM News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-19 |title=Nigeria 2002 World Cup: Remembering the Super Eagles' Classic Team {{!}} Goal.com Nigeria |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/lists/nigeria-2002-world-cup-remembering-the-super-eagles-classic-team/blte070c79666ca7d13 |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-NG}}</ref> A gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2002 da aka gudanar a Mali, an zaɓe shi cikin ƙungiyar CAF ta gasar. A shekara ta 2004, Udeze ya sanar da shawararsa ta kawo karshen aikinsa na ƙwallon ƙafa a duniya. Ifeanyi Udeze ya buga wasa na ƙarshe a Najeriya a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2006 da Angola a shekarar 2005. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Erons |first=Imhons |date=2020-08-15 |title=Former Nigerian Star Reveals Real Reason Behind His Early Super Eagles Exit - Soccernet NG |url=https://soccernet.ng/2020/08/former-nigerian-star-reveals-real-reason-behind-his-early-super-eagles-exit.html |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=Soccernet.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> == Salon wasa == An san Udeze da jajircewarsa, basirarsa da kuma saurin murmurewa. Shi ne mai tsaron baya mafi yawan cin zarafi a wasannin da ya buga. [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] q02gbnelv34h71l6dfhkybzwb162vmk 842555 842553 2026-05-29T16:13:28Z Sardeeq 39275 842555 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ifeanyi Udeze''' (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Yuli 1980) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya, mai watsa shirye-shiryen wasanni kuma tsohon ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya]] . A halin yanzu shi mai sharhi ne kan ƙwallon ƙafa a Brila FM, da ke [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . Ya shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2002, kuma ya taka rawa a matsayin dan [[Mai buga baya|wasan baya na hagu]], kuma ana amfani da shi a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|dan wasan baya na tsakiya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brila |date=2018-01-25 |title=How Oliseh Scouted me for the Super Eagles - Udeze |url=https://www.brila.net/oliseh-scouted-super-eagles-udeze/ |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=Latest Sports News In Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Udeze a [[Ajegunle]], Legas, Najeriya. == Aikin kulob == Udeze ya buga wasa a kungiyoyi kamar [[Bendel Insurance|Bendel Insurance FC]], AO Kavalas (Girka) da PAOK Thessaloniki, kafin ya koma West Bromwich Albion a shekara ta 2003. A kakarsa ta farko da Albion, ya buga wasa a [[Premier League|gasar Premier]], inda ya koma kulob din a matsayin aro a karshen kakar wasa, daga baya Albion ta fadi daga gasar. An sallame shi daga AEK Athens a watan Janairun 2007, watanni shida bayan sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru uku a ranar 11 ga Agustan 2006. A ranar 4 ga Yuli 2007, ya koma PAOK, inda ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu. Raunin gwiwa mai tsanani ya hana shi samun gurbin shiga ƙungiyar farko <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ifeanyi Udeze Files for Divorce - OnlineNigeria.com |url=http://nm.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=13918 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108231712/http://nm.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=13918 |archive-date=8 November 2014 |access-date=2018-05-14 |website=nm.onlinenigeria.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Erons |first=Imhons |date=2020-08-15 |title=Former Nigerian Star Reveals Real Reason Behind His Early Super Eagles Exit - Soccernet NG |url=https://soccernet.ng/2020/08/former-nigerian-star-reveals-real-reason-behind-his-early-super-eagles-exit.html |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=Soccernet.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma aka sallame shi bayan shekara guda a kulob ɗin. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Udeze ya fara fitowa fili a duniya a gasar cin kofin UEFA-CAF Meridian Cup da aka gudanar a Portugal a shekarar 1997, inda [[Xavi]] na Spain da Simao na Portugal suka yi fice. Ya kasance memba na tawagar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] da Fanny Amun ke jagoranta, wadanda suka doke Spain da ci 3-2, inda suka lashe gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=IFEANYI UDEZE INTERVIEW. - Cybereagles |url=https://forum.cybereagles.com/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=74348 |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=forum.cybereagles.com}}</ref> Wasu daga cikin 'yan wasan sun hada da [[Rabiu Afolabi]], [[Joseph Enakarhire]], [[Igbinadolor mai haske|Bright Igbinadolor]], Chijioke Nwankpa, Hashimu Garba, da [[Aliyu Datti|Mohammed Aliyu Datti]] . Bayan ya fara buga wasa a ƙasashen waje a shekarar 2001, Udeze ya buga wa Najeriya wasa a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2002 da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2004, sannan ya buga wasanni biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Olaleye |first=Lanre |date=26 February 2001 |title=Nigeria: 2002 World Cup Qualifier: NFA Insists On Udeze |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200102260170.html |access-date=25 July 2024 |website=PM News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-19 |title=Nigeria 2002 World Cup: Remembering the Super Eagles' Classic Team {{!}} Goal.com Nigeria |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/lists/nigeria-2002-world-cup-remembering-the-super-eagles-classic-team/blte070c79666ca7d13 |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=www.goal.com |language=en-NG}}</ref> A gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2002 da aka gudanar a Mali, an zaɓe shi cikin ƙungiyar CAF ta gasar. A shekara ta 2004, Udeze ya sanar da shawararsa ta kawo karshen aikinsa na ƙwallon ƙafa a duniya. Ifeanyi Udeze ya buga wasa na ƙarshe a Najeriya a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2006 da Angola a shekarar 2005. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Erons |first=Imhons |date=2020-08-15 |title=Former Nigerian Star Reveals Real Reason Behind His Early Super Eagles Exit - Soccernet NG |url=https://soccernet.ng/2020/08/former-nigerian-star-reveals-real-reason-behind-his-early-super-eagles-exit.html |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=Soccernet.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> == Salon wasa == An san Udeze da jajircewarsa, basirarsa da kuma saurin murmurewa. Shi ne mai tsaron baya mafi yawan cin zarafi a wasannin da ya buga. [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] nb3s5qd8zhwcr6f8v16rlt8k1kqr4iy 0 153132 842554 2026-05-29T16:13:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1091291374|Yaeda Valley]]" 842554 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kwarin Yaeda''', ko '''Kwarin Yaida''', kwarin maras kyau ne wanda ke cikin Gundumar Mbulu ta Yankin Manyara, [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] . Kwarin yana kudu da [[Tafkin Eyasi]].<ref>BirdLife International (2019) Important Bird Areas factsheet: Yaida Chini. Downloaded from <nowiki>http://www.birdlife.org</nowiki> on 25/09/2019. </ref> Kwarin ya samar da kwandon endorheic ba tare da hanyar fitarwa ba. Wani karamin tudu da ke gudana daga arewa maso gabas zuwa kudu maso yamma ya raba kwarin daga kwarin Tafkin Eyasi. Kogin Yaeda yana ciyar da shi daga arewa maso gabas ta Kogin Yaida, wanda ya samo asali ne daga tsaunukan Mbulu zuwa gabas. A kan kwarin akwai ha 16,200 na tafkin yanayi tare da yankuna masu yawa na rush da sedge, da kuma ha 8,000 na ambaliyar ambaliyar ruwa tare da ''Vachellia drepanolobium'' thicket a arewacin ƙarshen kwarin da ke cike da ruwa a lokacin ruwan sama mai yawa. Sama da ambaliyar ruwa akwai kimanin hekta 12,100 na tuddai masu itatuwa, tare da ''Vachellia tortilis'' kusa da gefen ambaliyar, ''Vachellia kirkii'' woodland kusa da ''V. drepanolobium'' thickets a arewacin ƙarshen ambaliyar ruwan, kuma kewaye da itacen baobab a kan tuddai mafi girma. Yankin yana da tsuntsaye masu yawa, ciki har da Cattle egrets (''Bubulcus ibis''), Glossy ibises (''Plegadis falcinellus''), Black-necked grebes (''Podiceps nigricollis''), Black-tailed godwits (''Limosa limosa''), [[Shara fage|Ruffs]] (''Calidris pugnax''), Fulvous tree ducks (''Dendrocygna bicolor''), da Knob-billed ducks (''Sarkidiornis melanotos''). [[Giwan daji na Afirka|Giwaye]] (Loxodonta africana) da [[Damisa|leopards]] (''Panthera pardus'') suna zaune a cikin ciyawa, gandun daji, da bishiyoyi. Kasar da ke kewaye da ita ita ce Acacia-Commiphora bushland da kuma daji, kuma gida ne ga [[Mutanen Hadza]]. Hadza ta al'ada tana neman abinci na daji, gami da farauta, tattara iri, da tattara zuma. Ƙarin yawan makiyaya sun koma cikin kwarin, suna kiwon garken shanu a cikin ambaliyar ruwa da kuma cikin maras kyau a lokacin fari. == Manazarta == lfani72ttd56vzmz7njn1jvr2w71mo4 842556 842554 2026-05-29T16:15:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 842556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kwarin Yaeda''', ko '''Kwarin Yaida''', kwarin maras kyau ne wanda ke cikin Gundumar Mbulu ta Yankin Manyara, [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] . Kwarin yana kudu da [[Tafkin Eyasi]].<ref>BirdLife International (2019) Important Bird Areas factsheet: Yaida Chini. Downloaded from <nowiki>http://www.birdlife.org</nowiki> on 25/09/2019. </ref> Kwarin ya samar da kwandon endorheic ba tare da hanyar fitarwa ba. Wani karamin tudu da ke gudana daga arewa maso gabas zuwa kudu maso yamma ya raba kwarin daga kwarin Tafkin Eyasi. Kogin Yaeda yana ciyar da shi daga arewa maso gabas ta Kogin Yaida, wanda ya samo asali ne daga tsaunukan Mbulu zuwa gabas. A kan kwarin akwai ha 16,200 na tafkin yanayi tare da yankuna masu yawa na rush da sedge, da kuma ha 8,000 na ambaliyar ambaliyar ruwa tare da ''Vachellia drepanolobium'' thicket a arewacin ƙarshen kwarin da ke cike da ruwa a lokacin ruwan sama mai yawa. Sama da ambaliyar ruwa akwai kimanin hekta 12,100 na tuddai masu itatuwa, tare da ''Vachellia tortilis'' kusa da gefen ambaliyar, ''Vachellia kirkii'' woodland kusa da ''V. drepanolobium'' thickets a arewacin ƙarshen ambaliyar ruwan, kuma kewaye da itacen baobab a kan tuddai mafi girma. Yankin yana da tsuntsaye masu yawa, ciki har da Cattle egrets (''Bubulcus ibis''), Glossy ibises (''Plegadis falcinellus''), Black-necked grebes (''Podiceps nigricollis''), Black-tailed godwits (''Limosa limosa''), [[Shara fage|Ruffs]] (''Calidris pugnax''), Fulvous tree ducks (''Dendrocygna bicolor''), da Knob-billed ducks (''Sarkidiornis melanotos''). [[Giwan daji na Afirka|Giwaye]] (Loxodonta africana) da [[Damisa|leopards]] (''Panthera pardus'') suna zaune a cikin ciyawa, gandun daji, da bishiyoyi. Kasar da ke kewaye da ita ita ce Acacia-Commiphora bushland da kuma daji, kuma gida ne ga [[Mutanen Hadza]]. Hadza ta al'ada tana neman abinci na daji, gami da farauta, tattara iri, da tattara zuma. Ƙarin yawan makiyaya sun koma cikin kwarin, suna kiwon garken shanu a cikin ambaliyar ruwa da kuma cikin maras kyau a lokacin fari. == Manazarta == 9im9cmm3bx89wy8mc9yvz0nhp9kj0vt 0 153133 842557 2026-05-29T16:15:33Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1283884387|Tunisian salt lakes]]" 842557 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Tunisia-3901_-_Chott_el_Jerid_(8032314619).jpg|thumb|Chott El Jerid, ɗaya daga cikin tabkuna na gishiri na Tunisia]] '''Tafkunan gishiri na [[Tunisiya]]''' jerin tabkuna ne a tsakiyar Tunisia, suna kwance a kudancin Dutsen Atlas a arewacin [[Sahara]]. Tafkunan sun hada da, daga gabas zuwa yamma, [[Chott el Fejej|Chott da Fedjedj]],[[Chott el Djerid]], da [[Shatt al Gharsah|Chott el Gharsa]]. == Yanayin ƙasa == Wadannan tabkuna masu gishiri sun shimfiɗa tare da gajerun raguwa biyu kawai a cikin layi daga [[Bahar Rum]] a Tekun Gabès zuwa iyakar [[Aljeriya]], wanda suka shiga cikin nesa mai nisa. Kalmar Faransanci "chott" fassarar [[Larabci]] ce, kalma ce don babban tashar ruwa, bakin teku ko tafki. Wadannan ''Shats'' duk da haka, a takaice, ba tabkuna ba ne a yau. Su ne yankuna masu laushi (a cikin mafi girma, Shat el Jerid, yana kwance a 'yan ƙafa a ƙasa da matakin Bahar Rum), wanda fiye da rabin shekara suna da shimfidar busassun laka da aka rufe da babban fararen ko launin toka. Wannan murfin gishiri yana ba su a nesa bayyanar manyan takalma na ruwa.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|wstitle=Tunisia|inline=1}}</ref> A lokacin hunturu, duk da haka, lokacin da ake jin tasirin ruwan sama na hunturu, akwai yiwuwar kasancewa 3 ko 4 ft. na ruwa a cikin waɗannan ''Shats'', wanda ta hanyar liquefying laka ya sa su zama cikakke ba za a iya wucewa ba. In ba haka ba, kusan watanni bakwai na shekara ana iya haye su da ƙafa ko a kan doki. Zai zama kamar mai yiwuwa cewa a wani lokaci waɗannan ''Shats'' (ko ta yaya Shat el Jerid) sun kasance ƙofar Bahar Rum, wanda ta hanyar tsawo na ƙanƙanin ƙasa a kan Tekun Gabès an yanke su daga gare su. Duk da haka, yanki ne na [[Dutsen Volcano|Ayyukan dutsen wuta]] na baya, kuma waɗannan ɓarkewar gishiri na iya zama saboda wannan dalili. Mutum mai yiwuwa shine babban wakili a yau da kullun don haifar da waɗannan ''Shats'' ba tare da ruwa ba. A duk kewayen wadannan tabkuna masu gishiri akwai [[Bazara (Ilimin Ruwa)|maɓuɓɓugar ruwa]] da yawa, suna fitowa daga tuddai masu yashi. Kusan dukkanin wadannan maɓuɓɓugar suna cikin zafin jiki mai zafi, sau da yawa a wurin tafasa. Wasu daga cikinsu ana cajin su da gishiri, wasu suna da kyau kuma suna da ɗanɗano, kodayake suna tafasa zafi. Yawan su yana da yawa sosai har a wurare da yawa suna samar da koguna masu gudana. Sai kawai don sa hannun mutum waɗannan koguna za su sami hanyar shiga cikin ramin da ke kusa, wanda za su kiyaye shi a matsayin tabkuna na ruwa. Amma na dogon lokaci bayan kogunan ruwa mai laushi (wanda ya fi yawa) an yi amfani da su don ban ruwa har zuwa irin wannan matakin da aka ba da izinin ruwa mai daraja ya gudana zuwa cikin tafkin tafkin; don haka waɗannan na ƙarshe suna karɓar ƙananan kogunan gishiri, waɗanda ke ajiye gishiri a saman su sannan su bushe. Wannan wadataccen ruwa mai dumi yana kula da oases na musamman a cikin ƙasa inda ruwan sama ya sauka da wuya. Ana samun koguna masu ɗorewa na bayanin da aka ambata tsakanin iyakar Aljeriya da Gabès a bakin tekun. Garin da ke Gabès da kansa yana kan iyakar wani kyakkyawan oasis, wanda ake kiyaye shi ta hanyar ruwa na rafi mai gudana wanda ke zubar da kansa cikin teku a Gabès bayan tafiyar da ba ta wuce kilomita 20 ba.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|wstitle=Tunisia|inline=1}}</ref>&nbsp; Duk wannan yankin da ke kewaye da ''Shats'' an kira shi "Jerid" daga lokacin mamayar Larabawa. "Jerid" yana nufin a cikin Larabci "fure na dabino" kuma a hankali "garin dabino". Shahararren wannan Belad-el-Jerid, ko "Ƙasar dabino", ya wuce gona da iri a cikin ƙarni na 17 da 18 cewa masu ilimin ƙasa na Turai sun faɗaɗa sunan daga wannan ƙaramin yanki a kudancin Tunisia don rufe yawancin Afirka ta ciki. Tare da wannan ƙasar Jerid za a iya haɗa tsibirin Jerba, wanda ke kusa da bakin tekun Tunisia a cikin Tekun Gabès . Itacen dabino na kwanan wata '' (Phoenix dactylifera) '' na iya zama 'yan asalin wannan gundumar Jerid, kamar yadda yake ga ƙasashe masu irin wannan bayanin a kudancin Morocco, kudancin [[Aljeriya]], sassa na Tripolitania, [[Misra|Misira]], [[Mesopotamia|Mesopotamiya]], kudancin [[Iran|Farisa]] da arewa maso yammacin [[Indiya]]; amma arewacin latitude na Jerid kwanan wata bai girma ba a halitta a [[Mauretania]], kamar yadda ya kasance ba ga duk sassan Turai, kamar yadda a Arewacin Afirka na gaskiya, kasancewarsa ta kasance saboda hannun mutum ne. A cikin oases na Jerid ana samun nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa na Afirka da biyu ko uku na tsuntsayen Senegal, kuma tsire-tsire suna da alaƙa da Afirka mai zafi kamar yadda yake da Turai. A zahiri, ƙasar da ke tsakanin tsaunuka na Matmata da ƙuƙwalwar da ke raba Jerba daga ƙasar Afirka ce ta musamman a cikin halayyar da kuma fasalin tsire-tsire. A kudancin Jerid ƙasar galibi hamada ce - manyan wuraren da ba a bincika su ba na yashi mai canzawa, tare da oases masu ban sha'awa. Duk da haka, duk wannan gundumar kudancin Tunisia tana da shaidar cewa sau ɗaya an yi ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ya kwashe kwari mai zurfi a cikin asalin tebur-ƙasa, kuma ya tabbatar da wanzuwar yanzu na manyan magudanan ruwa - magudanan da har yanzu suke, kusa da asalin su, ana son su da ɗan ruwa. Ƙananan yashi da ke raba Chott el Fejej daga Tekun Sahara Rum ya kawo shi ga masu ilimin ƙasa, injiniyoyi da diflomasiyya daban-daban. Wadannan adadi sun nemi ƙirƙirar "Teku na Sahara" ta hanyar tura ruwan Bahar Rum zuwa cikin tafkin hamadar Sahara wanda ke ƙasa da [[Sea level|matakin teku]]. An gabatar da wata sananniyar shawara game da wannan sakamako a ƙarshen 1800s daga masanin ilimin ƙasa na Faransa François Élie Roudaire da mahaliccin [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]], Ferdinand na Lesseps, amma ya tsaya bayan gwamnatin Faransa ta janye kudade.<ref name="National Waterways">{{Cite journal |last=Plummer |first=Harry Chapin |year=1913 |title=A Sea in the Sahara |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=80-GYpTlVMsC |journal=National Waterways: A Magazine of Transportation |publisher=National Rivers and Harbors Congress |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=131–138 |access-date=16 December 2012}}</ref><ref name="Geographical Review">{{Cite journal |last=McKay |first=Donald Vernon |year=1943 |title=Colonialism in the French geographical movement 1871-1881 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=American Geographical Society |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=214–232 |doi=10.2307/209775 |jstor=209775}}</ref> Daga baya shawarwari, waɗanda aka yi a matsayin wani ɓangare na Operation Plowshare, sun nuna cewa za a iya amfani da fashewar nukiliya don tono tashar da aka tsara daga Bahar Rum zuwa Chott el Fejej da sauran wuraren da ke ƙasa da Sahara; waɗannan shawarwari ma ba su da amfani. == Dubi kuma == * Chott * Sabkha * Tekun Sahara == Manazarta == 3tsxp26wdevgh6fpsb00cv9u3n7vlls 842559 842557 2026-05-29T16:15:49Z Pharouqenr 25549 842559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Tunisia-3901_-_Chott_el_Jerid_(8032314619).jpg|thumb|Chott El Jerid, ɗaya daga cikin tabkuna na gishiri na Tunisia]] '''Tafkunan gishiri na [[Tunisiya]]''' jerin tabkuna ne a tsakiyar Tunisia, suna kwance a kudancin Dutsen Atlas a arewacin [[Sahara]]. Tafkunan sun hada da, daga gabas zuwa yamma, [[Chott el Fejej|Chott da Fedjedj]],[[Chott el Djerid]], da [[Shatt al Gharsah|Chott el Gharsa]]. == Yanayin ƙasa == Wadannan tabkuna masu gishiri sun shimfiɗa tare da gajerun raguwa biyu kawai a cikin layi daga [[Bahar Rum]] a Tekun Gabès zuwa iyakar [[Aljeriya]], wanda suka shiga cikin nesa mai nisa. Kalmar Faransanci "chott" fassarar [[Larabci]] ce, kalma ce don babban tashar ruwa, bakin teku ko tafki. Wadannan ''Shats'' duk da haka, a takaice, ba tabkuna ba ne a yau. Su ne yankuna masu laushi (a cikin mafi girma, Shat el Jerid, yana kwance a 'yan ƙafa a ƙasa da matakin Bahar Rum), wanda fiye da rabin shekara suna da shimfidar busassun laka da aka rufe da babban fararen ko launin toka. Wannan murfin gishiri yana ba su a nesa bayyanar manyan takalma na ruwa.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|wstitle=Tunisia|inline=1}}</ref> A lokacin hunturu, duk da haka, lokacin da ake jin tasirin ruwan sama na hunturu, akwai yiwuwar kasancewa 3 ko 4 ft. na ruwa a cikin waɗannan ''Shats'', wanda ta hanyar liquefying laka ya sa su zama cikakke ba za a iya wucewa ba. In ba haka ba, kusan watanni bakwai na shekara ana iya haye su da ƙafa ko a kan doki. Zai zama kamar mai yiwuwa cewa a wani lokaci waɗannan ''Shats'' (ko ta yaya Shat el Jerid) sun kasance ƙofar Bahar Rum, wanda ta hanyar tsawo na ƙanƙanin ƙasa a kan Tekun Gabès an yanke su daga gare su. Duk da haka, yanki ne na [[Dutsen Volcano|Ayyukan dutsen wuta]] na baya, kuma waɗannan ɓarkewar gishiri na iya zama saboda wannan dalili. Mutum mai yiwuwa shine babban wakili a yau da kullun don haifar da waɗannan ''Shats'' ba tare da ruwa ba. A duk kewayen wadannan tabkuna masu gishiri akwai [[Bazara (Ilimin Ruwa)|maɓuɓɓugar ruwa]] da yawa, suna fitowa daga tuddai masu yashi. Kusan dukkanin wadannan maɓuɓɓugar suna cikin zafin jiki mai zafi, sau da yawa a wurin tafasa. Wasu daga cikinsu ana cajin su da gishiri, wasu suna da kyau kuma suna da ɗanɗano, kodayake suna tafasa zafi. Yawan su yana da yawa sosai har a wurare da yawa suna samar da koguna masu gudana. Sai kawai don sa hannun mutum waɗannan koguna za su sami hanyar shiga cikin ramin da ke kusa, wanda za su kiyaye shi a matsayin tabkuna na ruwa. Amma na dogon lokaci bayan kogunan ruwa mai laushi (wanda ya fi yawa) an yi amfani da su don ban ruwa har zuwa irin wannan matakin da aka ba da izinin ruwa mai daraja ya gudana zuwa cikin tafkin tafkin; don haka waɗannan na ƙarshe suna karɓar ƙananan kogunan gishiri, waɗanda ke ajiye gishiri a saman su sannan su bushe. Wannan wadataccen ruwa mai dumi yana kula da oases na musamman a cikin ƙasa inda ruwan sama ya sauka da wuya. Ana samun koguna masu ɗorewa na bayanin da aka ambata tsakanin iyakar Aljeriya da Gabès a bakin tekun. Garin da ke Gabès da kansa yana kan iyakar wani kyakkyawan oasis, wanda ake kiyaye shi ta hanyar ruwa na rafi mai gudana wanda ke zubar da kansa cikin teku a Gabès bayan tafiyar da ba ta wuce kilomita 20 ba.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|wstitle=Tunisia|inline=1}}</ref>&nbsp; Duk wannan yankin da ke kewaye da ''Shats'' an kira shi "Jerid" daga lokacin mamayar Larabawa. "Jerid" yana nufin a cikin Larabci "fure na dabino" kuma a hankali "garin dabino". Shahararren wannan Belad-el-Jerid, ko "Ƙasar dabino", ya wuce gona da iri a cikin ƙarni na 17 da 18 cewa masu ilimin ƙasa na Turai sun faɗaɗa sunan daga wannan ƙaramin yanki a kudancin Tunisia don rufe yawancin Afirka ta ciki. Tare da wannan ƙasar Jerid za a iya haɗa tsibirin Jerba, wanda ke kusa da bakin tekun Tunisia a cikin Tekun Gabès . Itacen dabino na kwanan wata '' (Phoenix dactylifera) '' na iya zama 'yan asalin wannan gundumar Jerid, kamar yadda yake ga ƙasashe masu irin wannan bayanin a kudancin Morocco, kudancin [[Aljeriya]], sassa na Tripolitania, [[Misra|Misira]], [[Mesopotamia|Mesopotamiya]], kudancin [[Iran|Farisa]] da arewa maso yammacin [[Indiya]]; amma arewacin latitude na Jerid kwanan wata bai girma ba a halitta a [[Mauretania]], kamar yadda ya kasance ba ga duk sassan Turai, kamar yadda a Arewacin Afirka na gaskiya, kasancewarsa ta kasance saboda hannun mutum ne. A cikin oases na Jerid ana samun nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa na Afirka da biyu ko uku na tsuntsayen Senegal, kuma tsire-tsire suna da alaƙa da Afirka mai zafi kamar yadda yake da Turai. A zahiri, ƙasar da ke tsakanin tsaunuka na Matmata da ƙuƙwalwar da ke raba Jerba daga ƙasar Afirka ce ta musamman a cikin halayyar da kuma fasalin tsire-tsire. A kudancin Jerid ƙasar galibi hamada ce - manyan wuraren da ba a bincika su ba na yashi mai canzawa, tare da oases masu ban sha'awa. Duk da haka, duk wannan gundumar kudancin Tunisia tana da shaidar cewa sau ɗaya an yi ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ya kwashe kwari mai zurfi a cikin asalin tebur-ƙasa, kuma ya tabbatar da wanzuwar yanzu na manyan magudanan ruwa - magudanan da har yanzu suke, kusa da asalin su, ana son su da ɗan ruwa. Ƙananan yashi da ke raba Chott el Fejej daga Tekun Sahara Rum ya kawo shi ga masu ilimin ƙasa, injiniyoyi da diflomasiyya daban-daban. Wadannan adadi sun nemi ƙirƙirar "Teku na Sahara" ta hanyar tura ruwan Bahar Rum zuwa cikin tafkin hamadar Sahara wanda ke ƙasa da [[Sea level|matakin teku]]. An gabatar da wata sananniyar shawara game da wannan sakamako a ƙarshen 1800s daga masanin ilimin ƙasa na Faransa François Élie Roudaire da mahaliccin [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]], Ferdinand na Lesseps, amma ya tsaya bayan gwamnatin Faransa ta janye kudade.<ref name="National Waterways">{{Cite journal |last=Plummer |first=Harry Chapin |year=1913 |title=A Sea in the Sahara |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=80-GYpTlVMsC |journal=National Waterways: A Magazine of Transportation |publisher=National Rivers and Harbors Congress |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=131–138 |access-date=16 December 2012}}</ref><ref name="Geographical Review">{{Cite journal |last=McKay |first=Donald Vernon |year=1943 |title=Colonialism in the French geographical movement 1871-1881 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=American Geographical Society |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=214–232 |doi=10.2307/209775 |jstor=209775}}</ref> Daga baya shawarwari, waɗanda aka yi a matsayin wani ɓangare na Operation Plowshare, sun nuna cewa za a iya amfani da fashewar nukiliya don tono tashar da aka tsara daga Bahar Rum zuwa Chott el Fejej da sauran wuraren da ke ƙasa da Sahara; waɗannan shawarwari ma ba su da amfani. == Dubi kuma == * Chott * Sabkha * Tekun Sahara == Manazarta == knzw3piom5dcdg9siof7df7jj4rx6ll 0 153134 842558 2026-05-29T16:15:46Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1326525562|Ikechukwu Uche]]" 842558 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ikechukwu Uche''' Listen ⓘ MON (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Janairu 1984) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . An san shi da bikin zura kwallaye a raga, ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa na ƙwararru a [[Ispaniya|Spain]], bayan ya isa ƙasar kafin ya kai shekara 20. Ya tara jimillar wasanni 194 a [[La Liga|gasar La Liga]] da kwallaye 42 a cikin shekaru tara, yana wakiltar gasar Recreativo, [[Getafe CF|Getafe]], Zaragoza, Villarreal, Granada da Málaga . Uche ya buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasa a [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|gasar cin kofin Afirka]] biyu. == Aikin kulob == === Shekarun farko === An haife shi a [[Aba|Aba, Abia]], kuma ya fara aikinsa a ƙasarsa tare da Amanze United da Iwuanyanwu Nationale . Yana da shekaru 18 kacal, ya koma Racing de Ferrol a rukuni na biyu na Sipaniya, inda ya buga wasanni 24 a kakar wasa ta biyu, wanda ya ƙare da faɗuwa ga ƙungiyar [[Galicia (Spain)|Galician]] . Daga nan Uche ya koma wata ƙungiya a matakin na biyu na ƙasar, Recreativo de Huelva, kan kuɗin da ya kai dala 300,000, kuma ya zira kwallaye 12 a shekararsa ta farko, inda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar a kakar wasa ta 2005–06, yana da shekaru 20 a wasanni 28 kacal (tare da kwallaye biyar), yayin da 'yan [[Andalusia|wasan Andalus]] suka koma - a matsayin zakarun gasar - zuwa [[La Liga|gasar La Liga]] bayan shekaru uku da suka yi rashin nasara. A kakarsa ta farko a gasar, Uche ya ci kwallaye sau takwas. Abin lura shi ne, ya zura kwallaye uku a jere a watan Nuwamba na 2006 (tare da nasarori a [[RC Celta de Vigo]] da kuma CA Osasuna ), ya taimaka wa ''Recre'' ta kare a matsayi na takwas. Uche ya koma [[Getafe CF]] na [[Madrid]] a kakar wasa ta 2007–08, galibi ana amfani da shi a matsayin madadinsa . A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 2008, shi ma daga benci, ya ci kwallo a wasan da [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] ta doke su da ci 3-1 a gida. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 November 2008 |title=Miserable return for Schuster |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report/_/id/252901?cc=5739 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102065309/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report/_/id/252901?cc=5739 |archive-date=2 November 2012 |access-date=31 August 2011 |publisher=[[ESPN FC|ESPN Soccernet]]}}</ref> === Zaragoza === Real Zaragoza, wacce kwanan nan ta dawo kan ganiyarta a manyan 'yan wasa, ta amince da yarjejeniyar sayen Uche a watan Yulin 2009, bisa ga shawarar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 July 2009 |title=Principio de acuerdo por Uche |trans-title=Early agreement on Uche |url=http://www.realzaragoza.com/noticias/3715 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090720231559/http://www.realzaragoza.com/noticias/3715 |archive-date=20 July 2009 |access-date=18 July 2009 |publisher=Real Zaragoza |language=es}}</ref> An gabatar da shi a hukumance a ranar 22 ga wata, kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru hudu; <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 July 2009 |title=Uche se presenta ante dos mil aficionados |trans-title=Uche presented before 2,000 fans |url=http://www.realzaragoza.com/noticias/3758 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090725115741/http://www.realzaragoza.com/noticias/3758 |archive-date=25 July 2009 |access-date=27 July 2009 |publisher=Real Zaragoza |language=es}}</ref> a wasansa na biyu kacal, rashin nasara 1-4 a hannun [[Sevilla FC]], ya ji mummunan rauni a gwiwa, wanda hakan ya sa ya rasa watanni bakwai. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2009 |title=Nigeria admit Uche blow |url=http://www.mtnfootball.com/news/2009/oct/091007-nigeria-admit-uche-blow.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120806221538/http://www.mtnfootball.com/news/2009/oct/091007-nigeria-admit-uche-blow.html |archive-date=6 August 2012 |access-date=7 April 2010 |publisher=MTN Football}}</ref> Uche ya murmure gaba ɗaya a wasannin share fagen kakar wasa ta 2010-11 na Zaragoza. Duk da haka, ba da daɗewa ba ya sake samun rauni a gwiwa, an hana shi yin wasa na tsawon watanni shida; [1] dawowarsa ta fara wasa ta faru ne a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 2011 yayin da ya buga mintuna 20 a wasan da Atletico Madrid ta doke su da ci 0-1 a gida, inda ya bugi sandar David de Gea a mintunan ƙarshe na wasan bayan wani ƙoƙari na musamman da ya yi. [2] A ranar 2 ga Maris 2011, Uche ya fara kakar wasa ta farko, a gida da Athletic Bilbao . A minti na 55, ya ci wa Aragonese kwallo 2-1 a wasan karshe - kwallonsa ta farko tun watan Mayu 2009 - kuma ya yi kuka sosai yayin da yake murnar kwallo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 March 2011 |title=Athletic Club lose 2–1 at Real Zaragoza, extend losing streak to four |url=http://www.eitb.com/en/sports/detail/610146/athletic-club-lose-21-real-zaragoza-extend-losing-streak-four/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402202756/http://www.eitb.com/en/sports/detail/610146/athletic-club-lose-21-real-zaragoza-extend-losing-streak-four/ |archive-date=2 April 2012 |access-date=4 March 2011 |publisher=[[EITB]]}}</ref> === Villarreal === [[Fayil:UEFA_Euro_League_FC_Salzburg_gegen_Villarreal_10.JPG|right|thumb|Uche (na biyu daga hagu) yana shirin komawa Villarreal a shekarar 2015]] A rana ta ƙarshe ta kasuwar musayar 'yan wasa ta bazara ta 2011, Uche ya sanya hannu da Villarreal CF, inda nan take aka ba shi aro ga Granada CF. A ranar 17 ga Satumba, ya zura kwallo ɗaya tilo da ya ci a wasan da ƙungiyar da ke riƙe da haƙƙinsa ta ci, a wasan gida. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2011 |title=Uche sees off Villarreal |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=325238&cc=5739 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102094012/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=325238&cc=5739 |archive-date=2 November 2012 |access-date=19 September 2011 |publisher=ESPN Soccernet}}</ref> Daga baya, bayan ya koma ''Yellow Submarine'', Uche ya jagoranci ƙungiyarsa wajen zura kwallaye yayin da ta koma saman lig a 2013. Manyan abubuwan da suka fi daukar hankali sun haɗa da kwallayen da ya zura a gida a kan CD Mirandés (2-0), <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2012 |title=Villarreal 2–0 Mirandés: Ikechukwu Uche da alas al Submarino |trans-title=Villarreal 2–0 Mirandés: Ikechukwu Uche gives wings to the Submarine |url=http://www.goal.com/es/news/1880/f%C3%BAtbol-espa%C3%B1ol/2012/10/27/3482946/villarreal-2-0-mirand%C3%A9s-ikechukwu-uche-da-alas-al-submarino |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308113255/http://www.goal.com/es/news/1880/f%C3%BAtbol-espa%C3%B1ol/2012/10/27/3482946/villarreal-2-0-mirand%C3%A9s-ikechukwu-uche-da-alas-al-submarino |archive-date=8 March 2014 |access-date=7 January 2014 |publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]] |language=es}}</ref> Sporting de Gijón (2-1), [[Girona FC]] (4-1) da kuma a Racing de Santander (3-0). A ranar 6 ga Janairu 2014, ya koma saman lig, ya zura kwallaye uku a karon farko a matsayin ƙwararre don taimakawa wajen doke [[Rayo Vallecano]] da ci 5-2 a waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2014 |title=Five-star Villarreal sink Rayo |url=http://espnfc.com/uk/en/report/373046/report.html?soccernet=true&cc=5739 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107141103/http://espnfc.com/uk/en/report/373046/report.html?soccernet=true&cc=5739 |archive-date=7 January 2014 |access-date=7 January 2014 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> === Shekarun da suka biyo baya === A ranar 20 ga Yuni 2015, Uche ya rattaba hannu da ƙungiyar Tigres ta ƙasar Mexico UANL kan Yuro miliyan 3.5 akan kwantiragin shekaru uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2015 |title=Ikechukwu Uche leaves Villarreal – Signs with Tigres |url=http://mediahubng.com/2015/06/ikechukwu-uche-leaves-villarreal-signs-with-tigres/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150620134701/http://mediahubng.com/2015/06/ikechukwu-uche-leaves-villarreal-signs-with-tigres/ |archive-date=20 June 2015 |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Media Hub NG}}</ref> An kawo shi a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan zakarun Turai na Concacaf da Isidro Metapán a ranar 24 ga Satumba, 2015, inda ya zura ƙwallonsa ɗaya tilo ga ƙungiyar don lashe wasan sannan daga baya ya sake samun rauni. A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu na shekarar da ta biyo baya ya koma Spain, inda aka ba shi aro ga Málaga CF. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2016 |title=Ikechukwu Uche: Nigerian striker joins Malaga on loan |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35471856 |access-date=25 February 2016 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Agusta 2016, Uche ya amince da yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya da Gimnàstic de Tarragona a rukuni na biyu na Sipaniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 August 2016 |title=Ike Uche, nou fitxatge grana |trans-title=Ike Uche, new ''grana'' signing |url=http://www.gimnasticdetarragona.cat/ike-uche-nou-fitxatge-grana/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816014424/http://www.gimnasticdetarragona.cat/ike-uche-nou-fitxatge-grana/ |archive-date=16 August 2017 |access-date=11 August 2016 |publisher=Gimnàstic Tarragona |language=ca}}</ref> Kimanin shekara guda bayan haka, ya tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 August 2017 |title=Uche serà grana fins al 2019 |trans-title=Uche will be ''grana'' until 2019 |url=http://www.gimnasticdetarragona.cat/uche-sera-grana-fins-al-2019/ |access-date=15 August 2017 |publisher=Gimnàstic Tarragona |language=ca}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 39yz0tmvngg3ffge9zhmp0joyue2k3d 842560 842558 2026-05-29T16:16:03Z Sardeeq 39275 842560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ikechukwu Uche''' Listen ⓘ MON (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Janairu 1984) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . An san shi da bikin zura kwallaye a raga, ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa na ƙwararru a [[Ispaniya|Spain]], bayan ya isa ƙasar kafin ya kai shekara 20. Ya tara jimillar wasanni 194 a [[La Liga|gasar La Liga]] da kwallaye 42 a cikin shekaru tara, yana wakiltar gasar Recreativo, [[Getafe CF|Getafe]], Zaragoza, Villarreal, Granada da Málaga . Uche ya buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasa a [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|gasar cin kofin Afirka]] biyu. == Aikin kulob == === Shekarun farko === An haife shi a [[Aba|Aba, Abia]], kuma ya fara aikinsa a ƙasarsa tare da Amanze United da Iwuanyanwu Nationale . Yana da shekaru 18 kacal, ya koma Racing de Ferrol a rukuni na biyu na Sipaniya, inda ya buga wasanni 24 a kakar wasa ta biyu, wanda ya ƙare da faɗuwa ga ƙungiyar [[Galicia (Spain)|Galician]] . Daga nan Uche ya koma wata ƙungiya a matakin na biyu na ƙasar, Recreativo de Huelva, kan kuɗin da ya kai dala 300,000, kuma ya zira kwallaye 12 a shekararsa ta farko, inda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar a kakar wasa ta 2005–06, yana da shekaru 20 a wasanni 28 kacal (tare da kwallaye biyar), yayin da 'yan [[Andalusia|wasan Andalus]] suka koma - a matsayin zakarun gasar - zuwa [[La Liga|gasar La Liga]] bayan shekaru uku da suka yi rashin nasara. A kakarsa ta farko a gasar, Uche ya ci kwallaye sau takwas. Abin lura shi ne, ya zura kwallaye uku a jere a watan Nuwamba na 2006 (tare da nasarori a [[RC Celta de Vigo]] da kuma CA Osasuna ), ya taimaka wa ''Recre'' ta kare a matsayi na takwas. Uche ya koma [[Getafe CF]] na [[Madrid]] a kakar wasa ta 2007–08, galibi ana amfani da shi a matsayin madadinsa . A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 2008, shi ma daga benci, ya ci kwallo a wasan da [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] ta doke su da ci 3-1 a gida. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 November 2008 |title=Miserable return for Schuster |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report/_/id/252901?cc=5739 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102065309/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report/_/id/252901?cc=5739 |archive-date=2 November 2012 |access-date=31 August 2011 |publisher=[[ESPN FC|ESPN Soccernet]]}}</ref> === Zaragoza === Real Zaragoza, wacce kwanan nan ta dawo kan ganiyarta a manyan 'yan wasa, ta amince da yarjejeniyar sayen Uche a watan Yulin 2009, bisa ga shawarar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 July 2009 |title=Principio de acuerdo por Uche |trans-title=Early agreement on Uche |url=http://www.realzaragoza.com/noticias/3715 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090720231559/http://www.realzaragoza.com/noticias/3715 |archive-date=20 July 2009 |access-date=18 July 2009 |publisher=Real Zaragoza |language=es}}</ref> An gabatar da shi a hukumance a ranar 22 ga wata, kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru hudu; <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 July 2009 |title=Uche se presenta ante dos mil aficionados |trans-title=Uche presented before 2,000 fans |url=http://www.realzaragoza.com/noticias/3758 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090725115741/http://www.realzaragoza.com/noticias/3758 |archive-date=25 July 2009 |access-date=27 July 2009 |publisher=Real Zaragoza |language=es}}</ref> a wasansa na biyu kacal, rashin nasara 1-4 a hannun [[Sevilla FC]], ya ji mummunan rauni a gwiwa, wanda hakan ya sa ya rasa watanni bakwai. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2009 |title=Nigeria admit Uche blow |url=http://www.mtnfootball.com/news/2009/oct/091007-nigeria-admit-uche-blow.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120806221538/http://www.mtnfootball.com/news/2009/oct/091007-nigeria-admit-uche-blow.html |archive-date=6 August 2012 |access-date=7 April 2010 |publisher=MTN Football}}</ref> Uche ya murmure gaba ɗaya a wasannin share fagen kakar wasa ta 2010-11 na Zaragoza. Duk da haka, ba da daɗewa ba ya sake samun rauni a gwiwa, an hana shi yin wasa na tsawon watanni shida; [1] dawowarsa ta fara wasa ta faru ne a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 2011 yayin da ya buga mintuna 20 a wasan da Atletico Madrid ta doke su da ci 0-1 a gida, inda ya bugi sandar David de Gea a mintunan ƙarshe na wasan bayan wani ƙoƙari na musamman da ya yi. [2] A ranar 2 ga Maris 2011, Uche ya fara kakar wasa ta farko, a gida da Athletic Bilbao . A minti na 55, ya ci wa Aragonese kwallo 2-1 a wasan karshe - kwallonsa ta farko tun watan Mayu 2009 - kuma ya yi kuka sosai yayin da yake murnar kwallo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 March 2011 |title=Athletic Club lose 2–1 at Real Zaragoza, extend losing streak to four |url=http://www.eitb.com/en/sports/detail/610146/athletic-club-lose-21-real-zaragoza-extend-losing-streak-four/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402202756/http://www.eitb.com/en/sports/detail/610146/athletic-club-lose-21-real-zaragoza-extend-losing-streak-four/ |archive-date=2 April 2012 |access-date=4 March 2011 |publisher=[[EITB]]}}</ref> === Villarreal === [[Fayil:UEFA_Euro_League_FC_Salzburg_gegen_Villarreal_10.JPG|right|thumb|Uche (na biyu daga hagu) yana shirin komawa Villarreal a shekarar 2015]] A rana ta ƙarshe ta kasuwar musayar 'yan wasa ta bazara ta 2011, Uche ya sanya hannu da Villarreal CF, inda nan take aka ba shi aro ga Granada CF. A ranar 17 ga Satumba, ya zura kwallo ɗaya tilo da ya ci a wasan da ƙungiyar da ke riƙe da haƙƙinsa ta ci, a wasan gida. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2011 |title=Uche sees off Villarreal |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=325238&cc=5739 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102094012/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=325238&cc=5739 |archive-date=2 November 2012 |access-date=19 September 2011 |publisher=ESPN Soccernet}}</ref> Daga baya, bayan ya koma ''Yellow Submarine'', Uche ya jagoranci ƙungiyarsa wajen zura kwallaye yayin da ta koma saman lig a 2013. Manyan abubuwan da suka fi daukar hankali sun haɗa da kwallayen da ya zura a gida a kan CD Mirandés (2-0), <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2012 |title=Villarreal 2–0 Mirandés: Ikechukwu Uche da alas al Submarino |trans-title=Villarreal 2–0 Mirandés: Ikechukwu Uche gives wings to the Submarine |url=http://www.goal.com/es/news/1880/f%C3%BAtbol-espa%C3%B1ol/2012/10/27/3482946/villarreal-2-0-mirand%C3%A9s-ikechukwu-uche-da-alas-al-submarino |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308113255/http://www.goal.com/es/news/1880/f%C3%BAtbol-espa%C3%B1ol/2012/10/27/3482946/villarreal-2-0-mirand%C3%A9s-ikechukwu-uche-da-alas-al-submarino |archive-date=8 March 2014 |access-date=7 January 2014 |publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]] |language=es}}</ref> Sporting de Gijón (2-1), [[Girona FC]] (4-1) da kuma a Racing de Santander (3-0). A ranar 6 ga Janairu 2014, ya koma saman lig, ya zura kwallaye uku a karon farko a matsayin ƙwararre don taimakawa wajen doke [[Rayo Vallecano]] da ci 5-2 a waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2014 |title=Five-star Villarreal sink Rayo |url=http://espnfc.com/uk/en/report/373046/report.html?soccernet=true&cc=5739 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107141103/http://espnfc.com/uk/en/report/373046/report.html?soccernet=true&cc=5739 |archive-date=7 January 2014 |access-date=7 January 2014 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> === Shekarun da suka biyo baya === A ranar 20 ga Yuni 2015, Uche ya rattaba hannu da ƙungiyar Tigres ta ƙasar Mexico UANL kan Yuro miliyan 3.5 akan kwantiragin shekaru uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2015 |title=Ikechukwu Uche leaves Villarreal – Signs with Tigres |url=http://mediahubng.com/2015/06/ikechukwu-uche-leaves-villarreal-signs-with-tigres/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150620134701/http://mediahubng.com/2015/06/ikechukwu-uche-leaves-villarreal-signs-with-tigres/ |archive-date=20 June 2015 |access-date=20 June 2015 |publisher=Media Hub NG}}</ref> An kawo shi a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan zakarun Turai na Concacaf da Isidro Metapán a ranar 24 ga Satumba, 2015, inda ya zura ƙwallonsa ɗaya tilo ga ƙungiyar don lashe wasan sannan daga baya ya sake samun rauni. A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu na shekarar da ta biyo baya ya koma Spain, inda aka ba shi aro ga Málaga CF. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2016 |title=Ikechukwu Uche: Nigerian striker joins Malaga on loan |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35471856 |access-date=25 February 2016 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Agusta 2016, Uche ya amince da yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya da Gimnàstic de Tarragona a rukuni na biyu na Sipaniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 August 2016 |title=Ike Uche, nou fitxatge grana |trans-title=Ike Uche, new ''grana'' signing |url=http://www.gimnasticdetarragona.cat/ike-uche-nou-fitxatge-grana/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816014424/http://www.gimnasticdetarragona.cat/ike-uche-nou-fitxatge-grana/ |archive-date=16 August 2017 |access-date=11 August 2016 |publisher=Gimnàstic Tarragona |language=ca}}</ref> Kimanin shekara guda bayan haka, ya tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 August 2017 |title=Uche serà grana fins al 2019 |trans-title=Uche will be ''grana'' until 2019 |url=http://www.gimnasticdetarragona.cat/uche-sera-grana-fins-al-2019/ |access-date=15 August 2017 |publisher=Gimnàstic Tarragona |language=ca}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] tnkotjqha0hvmsg5cdjkjdvcmzynhv6 0 153135 842561 2026-05-29T16:16:11Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344300216|Mababe Depression]]" 842561 wikitext text/x-wiki Maɓallin Mababe babban wuri ne na yanayi a arewacin [[Botswana]], wanda ke tsakanin Okavango Delta zuwa yamma da Chobe National Park zuwa arewa maso gabas. Ya zama wani ɓangare na wannan tsohuwar tafkin tafkin kamar tsarin [[Tafkin Makgadikgadi]].<ref name="ExtraordinaryJourneys">{{Cite web |title=Mababe Depression |url=https://extraordinaryjourneys.com/region/mababe-depression/ |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Extraordinary Journeys}}</ref><ref name="WildernessRegion">{{Cite web |title=Mababe Region |url=https://www.wildernessdestinations.com/africa/botswana/mababe-region |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Wilderness Destinations}}</ref> Rashin lafiya shine babban yanki na muhalli, yana aiki a matsayin wurin kiwo na yanayi da kuma hanyar namun daji da ke haɗa manyan wuraren kiyayewa. == Yanayin ƙasa da ilimin ruwa == Rashin lafiya yana kudu da Savuti Channel da arewacin Kogin Khwai, a cikin wani kwandon da ke ƙasa na asalin Pleistocene.<ref name="ExtraordinaryJourneys">{{Cite web |title=Mababe Depression |url=https://extraordinaryjourneys.com/region/mababe-depression/ |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Extraordinary Journeys}}</ref> Tana kusa da 18°45′S 24°15′E / 18.750°S 24.250°E / -18.750; 24.250, a arewacin Botswana.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mababe Depression, Botswana |url=https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?c=botswana&fid=505&uni=-2005716 |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=US National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Mahimmancin Mababe ya zama wani ɓangare na tsarin muhalli mafi girma wanda ke haɗa Okavango Delta zuwa yamma tare da Chobe National Park zuwa arewa maso gabas. Ruwan sama na yanayi yana ambaliya cikin kwandon, yana haifar da wuraren da ba su da zurfi a fadin yanki na kimanin hekta 2,600, kodayake girman ya bambanta a kowace shekara.<ref name="WildernessRegion">{{Cite web |title=Mababe Region |url=https://www.wildernessdestinations.com/africa/botswana/mababe-region |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Wilderness Destinations}}</ref> A lokacin fari, ragowar tafkuna da danshi na ƙasa suna riƙe da ciyawa. A cikin shekara ta 2007, sabuntawa a cikin Savuti Channel da hanyoyin ruwa masu alaƙa sun kara tsawon lokacin ambaliyar yanayi da kuma wadatar maɓuɓɓugar ruwa na bushe.<ref name="TravelLeisure">{{Cite web |title=In Botswana, a Safari Camp in the Mababe Wilderness |url=https://www.travelandleisure.com/wilderness-camps-botswana-safari-8773592 |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Travel + Leisure}}</ref> Wannan ya inganta rawar da bakin ciki ke takawa a matsayin mafaka ga namun daji. == Muhalli == Motsawar yanayi na giwaye, buffalo da sauran manyan masu cin ganyayyaki suna danganta bakin ciki zuwa wuraren zama na bakin kogi na Chobe National Park, filayen ambaliyar Okavango Delta, da kuma ciyawa da ke kewaye da [[Tafkin Makgadikgadi]], yana mai da shi muhimmin bangare na hanyoyin ƙaura na yanki.<ref name="WUR">{{Cite web |title=Wildlife Corridors in Northern Botswana |url=https://library.wur.nl/ojs/index.php/Botswana_documents/article/view/15969/15442 |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Wageningen University & Research}}</ref> == Tarihin ɗan adam == Shaidar archaeological ta nuna amfani da prehistoric ta [[Mutanen San|San]] farauta-tattara.<ref name="WUR">{{Cite web |title=Wildlife Corridors in Northern Botswana |url=https://library.wur.nl/ojs/index.php/Botswana_documents/article/view/15969/15442 |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Wageningen University & Research}}</ref> Garin Mababe na zamani yana gabas, tare da ƙananan jama'a da ke cikin ayyukan rayuwa da aikin da ya shafi namun daji. == Karewa == Yankin ya fada cikin yankunan kula da namun daji NG41 da NG43, waɗanda ake gudanarwa a matsayin haɗuwa da al'umma da aka sarrafa da kuma hayar.<ref name="SpaceForGiants">{{Cite web |title=Human–wildlife coexistence in Mababe, Botswana |url=https://www.spaceforgiants.org/latest/botswana-mababe-village-human-wildlife-coexistence |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Space for Giants}}</ref> Wannan tsarin yana iyakance ci gaba na dindindin kuma yana tsara yawon bude ido don kula da amincin muhalli. == Yawon shakatawa == Yawon shakatawa a cikin bakin ciki yana da ƙarancin yawa kuma yana da ƙima sosai, tare da masu aiki da yawa da ke gudanar da ƙananan sansanoni da safarar tafiye-tafiye. Wadannan sun hada da Wilderness Mokete, Machaba Safaris, da kuma kewayon masu balaguro.<ref name="ExtraordinaryJourneys">{{Cite web |title=Mababe Depression |url=https://extraordinaryjourneys.com/region/mababe-depression/ |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Extraordinary Journeys}}</ref> Ayyuka galibi suna mai da hankali kan wasan motsa jiki, kallon tsuntsaye da safarar daukar hoto a lokacin rigar da bushewa. == Manazarta == m0dzppzzpbavdst5wgqcq7sil7ybt3v 842562 842561 2026-05-29T16:16:41Z Pharouqenr 25549 842562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maɓallin Mababe''' babban wuri ne na yanayi a arewacin [[Botswana]], wanda ke tsakanin Okavango Delta zuwa yamma da Chobe National Park zuwa arewa maso gabas. Ya zama wani ɓangare na wannan tsohuwar tafkin tafkin kamar tsarin [[Tafkin Makgadikgadi]].<ref name="ExtraordinaryJourneys">{{Cite web |title=Mababe Depression |url=https://extraordinaryjourneys.com/region/mababe-depression/ |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Extraordinary Journeys}}</ref><ref name="WildernessRegion">{{Cite web |title=Mababe Region |url=https://www.wildernessdestinations.com/africa/botswana/mababe-region |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Wilderness Destinations}}</ref> Rashin lafiya shine babban yanki na muhalli, yana aiki a matsayin wurin kiwo na yanayi da kuma hanyar namun daji da ke haɗa manyan wuraren kiyayewa. == Yanayin ƙasa da ilimin ruwa == Rashin lafiya yana kudu da Savuti Channel da arewacin Kogin Khwai, a cikin wani kwandon da ke ƙasa na asalin Pleistocene.<ref name="ExtraordinaryJourneys">{{Cite web |title=Mababe Depression |url=https://extraordinaryjourneys.com/region/mababe-depression/ |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Extraordinary Journeys}}</ref> Tana kusa da 18°45′S 24°15′E / 18.750°S 24.250°E / -18.750; 24.250, a arewacin Botswana.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mababe Depression, Botswana |url=https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?c=botswana&fid=505&uni=-2005716 |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=US National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Mahimmancin Mababe ya zama wani ɓangare na tsarin muhalli mafi girma wanda ke haɗa Okavango Delta zuwa yamma tare da Chobe National Park zuwa arewa maso gabas. Ruwan sama na yanayi yana ambaliya cikin kwandon, yana haifar da wuraren da ba su da zurfi a fadin yanki na kimanin hekta 2,600, kodayake girman ya bambanta a kowace shekara.<ref name="WildernessRegion">{{Cite web |title=Mababe Region |url=https://www.wildernessdestinations.com/africa/botswana/mababe-region |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Wilderness Destinations}}</ref> A lokacin fari, ragowar tafkuna da danshi na ƙasa suna riƙe da ciyawa. A cikin shekara ta 2007, sabuntawa a cikin Savuti Channel da hanyoyin ruwa masu alaƙa sun kara tsawon lokacin ambaliyar yanayi da kuma wadatar maɓuɓɓugar ruwa na bushe.<ref name="TravelLeisure">{{Cite web |title=In Botswana, a Safari Camp in the Mababe Wilderness |url=https://www.travelandleisure.com/wilderness-camps-botswana-safari-8773592 |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Travel + Leisure}}</ref> Wannan ya inganta rawar da bakin ciki ke takawa a matsayin mafaka ga namun daji. == Muhalli == Motsawar yanayi na giwaye, buffalo da sauran manyan masu cin ganyayyaki suna danganta bakin ciki zuwa wuraren zama na bakin kogi na Chobe National Park, filayen ambaliyar Okavango Delta, da kuma ciyawa da ke kewaye da [[Tafkin Makgadikgadi]], yana mai da shi muhimmin bangare na hanyoyin ƙaura na yanki.<ref name="WUR">{{Cite web |title=Wildlife Corridors in Northern Botswana |url=https://library.wur.nl/ojs/index.php/Botswana_documents/article/view/15969/15442 |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Wageningen University & Research}}</ref> == Tarihin ɗan adam == Shaidar archaeological ta nuna amfani da prehistoric ta [[Mutanen San|San]] farauta-tattara.<ref name="WUR">{{Cite web |title=Wildlife Corridors in Northern Botswana |url=https://library.wur.nl/ojs/index.php/Botswana_documents/article/view/15969/15442 |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Wageningen University & Research}}</ref> Garin Mababe na zamani yana gabas, tare da ƙananan jama'a da ke cikin ayyukan rayuwa da aikin da ya shafi namun daji. == Karewa == Yankin ya fada cikin yankunan kula da namun daji NG41 da NG43, waɗanda ake gudanarwa a matsayin haɗuwa da al'umma da aka sarrafa da kuma hayar.<ref name="SpaceForGiants">{{Cite web |title=Human–wildlife coexistence in Mababe, Botswana |url=https://www.spaceforgiants.org/latest/botswana-mababe-village-human-wildlife-coexistence |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Space for Giants}}</ref> Wannan tsarin yana iyakance ci gaba na dindindin kuma yana tsara yawon bude ido don kula da amincin muhalli. == Yawon shakatawa == Yawon shakatawa a cikin bakin ciki yana da ƙarancin yawa kuma yana da ƙima sosai, tare da masu aiki da yawa da ke gudanar da ƙananan sansanoni da safarar tafiye-tafiye. Wadannan sun hada da Wilderness Mokete, Machaba Safaris, da kuma kewayon masu balaguro.<ref name="ExtraordinaryJourneys">{{Cite web |title=Mababe Depression |url=https://extraordinaryjourneys.com/region/mababe-depression/ |access-date=11 August 2025 |publisher=Extraordinary Journeys}}</ref> Ayyuka galibi suna mai da hankali kan wasan motsa jiki, kallon tsuntsaye da safarar daukar hoto a lokacin rigar da bushewa. == Manazarta == edaswvaa6rc9carb7mbqo0jsvacvuot 0 153136 842563 2026-05-29T16:17:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1303522666|Ntwetwe Pan]]" 842563 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Suricates,_Ntwetwe_Pan_(48593046012).jpg|right|thumb|Meerkat a Ntwetwe Pan, Botswana]] '''Ntwetwe Pan''' babban tafkin gishiri ne a cikin yankin [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Makgadikgadi]] na [[Botswana]] . Ntwetwe yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan pans guda uku a cikin Makgadikgadi, sauran biyu sune Nxai Pan da Sua Pan . Ntwetwe Pan yanzu tafkin yanayi ne wanda ke cikawa a lokacin ruwan sama. David Livingstone ne ya fara bayyana Ntwetwe ga duniyar Turai, bisa ga Bincike a wannan yankin. Muhimman abubuwan da aka gano na archaeological sun faru a cikin Nwetwe Pan, gami da kayan aikin Stone Age daga mutanen da ke zaune a wannan yanki, a farkon lokacin prehistory lokacin da babban tafkin shekara-shekara ya mamaye yankin Nwetwe pan a cikin Makgadikgadi. == Dubi kuma == * [[Kogin Semowane]] == Manazarta == dtzlg7cparpe3rwilzv2z8iki36mldh 842564 842563 2026-05-29T16:17:16Z Pharouqenr 25549 842564 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Suricates,_Ntwetwe_Pan_(48593046012).jpg|right|thumb|Meerkat a Ntwetwe Pan, Botswana]] '''Ntwetwe Pan''' babban tafkin gishiri ne a cikin yankin [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Makgadikgadi]] na [[Botswana]] . Ntwetwe yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan pans guda uku a cikin Makgadikgadi, sauran biyu sune Nxai Pan da Sua Pan . Ntwetwe Pan yanzu tafkin yanayi ne wanda ke cikawa a lokacin ruwan sama. David Livingstone ne ya fara bayyana Ntwetwe ga duniyar Turai, bisa ga Bincike a wannan yankin. Muhimman abubuwan da aka gano na archaeological sun faru a cikin Nwetwe Pan, gami da kayan aikin Stone Age daga mutanen da ke zaune a wannan yanki, a farkon lokacin prehistory lokacin da babban tafkin shekara-shekara ya mamaye yankin Nwetwe pan a cikin Makgadikgadi. == Dubi kuma == * [[Kogin Semowane]] == Manazarta == pd3msfkfyjoax6bcmwn018i3ebc27fq 842565 842564 2026-05-29T16:17:35Z Pharouqenr 25549 842565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Suricates,_Ntwetwe_Pan_(48593046012).jpg|right|thumb|Meerkat a Ntwetwe Pan, Botswana]] '''Ntwetwe Pan''' babban tafkin gishiri ne a cikin yankin [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Makgadikgadi]] na [[Botswana]] . Ntwetwe yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan pans guda uku a cikin Makgadikgadi, sauran biyu sune Nxai Pan da Sua Pan . Ntwetwe Pan yanzu tafkin yanayi ne wanda ke cikawa a lokacin ruwan sama. David Livingstone ne ya fara bayyana Ntwetwe ga duniyar Turai, bisa ga Bincike a wannan yankin. Muhimman abubuwan da aka gano na archaeological sun faru a cikin Nwetwe Pan, gami da kayan aikin Stone Age daga mutanen da ke zaune a wannan yanki, a farkon lokacin prehistory lokacin da babban tafkin shekara-shekara ya mamaye yankin Nwetwe pan a cikin Makgadikgadi. == Dubi kuma == * [[Kogin Semowane]] == Manazarta == {{Hujja}} 76dkodjkxvldk5e0bw9vmo3k18ac02a 0 153137 842566 2026-05-29T16:17:53Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1305269047|Nxai Pan]]" 842566 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nxai Pan''' babban tafkin gishiri ne wanda yake wani ɓangare na mafi girma [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Makgadikgadi Pans]] a arewa maso gabashin [[Botswana]] . Yana kwance a kan tsohuwar hanyar Pandamatenga, wanda har zuwa shekarun 1960 aka yi amfani da shi don tafiyar da shanu. Yankin yana cike da laima kuma an ce yana kama da Serengeti a Tanzania. An kara Nxai Pan a cikin Tsarin Gidan shakatawa na Kasa don haɓaka [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Gidan shakatawa na Makgadikgadi Pans]], don haka samar da faɗaɗa yanki na kariya ta halitta. 'X' yana wakiltar sautin danna baki. Sautunan dannawa na al'ada ne na yarukan [[Khoisan]] da wasu yarukan kudancin [[Yaren Bantu|Bantu]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2017 |title=The Nxai Pan National Park |url=https://www.exploring-africa.com/en/botswana/nxai-pan-national-park/nxai-pan-national-park}}</ref> == Dabbobi na daji == Wannan yanayin babban bangare ne na Nxai Pan National Park, kuma gida ne na yanayi ga manyan garken zebra da wildebeest. A lokacin ruwan sama tsakanin Disamba da Afrilu kwanon rufi ya zama mai ciyawa kuma yana jan hankalin waɗannan dabbobi a cikin dubban dubban su, tare da ƙananan adadin gemsbok, eland da ja hartebeest. == Dubi kuma == * Nwetwe Pan * Gurasarsa == Manazarta == 3wyzri3sv4gwxd19dqb32uo9frrn795 842569 842566 2026-05-29T16:19:42Z Pharouqenr 25549 842569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nxai Pan''' babban tafkin gishiri ne wanda yake wani ɓangare na mafi girma [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Makgadikgadi Pans]] a arewa maso gabashin [[Botswana]] . Yana kwance a kan tsohuwar hanyar Pandamatenga, wanda har zuwa shekarun 1960 aka yi amfani da shi don tafiyar da shanu. Yankin yana cike da laima kuma an ce yana kama da Serengeti a Tanzania. An kara Nxai Pan a cikin Tsarin Gidan shakatawa na Kasa don haɓaka [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Gidan shakatawa na Makgadikgadi Pans]], don haka samar da faɗaɗa yanki na kariya ta halitta. 'X' yana wakiltar sautin danna baki. Sautunan dannawa na al'ada ne na yarukan [[Khoisan]] da wasu yarukan kudancin [[Yaren Bantu|Bantu]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2017 |title=The Nxai Pan National Park |url=https://www.exploring-africa.com/en/botswana/nxai-pan-national-park/nxai-pan-national-park}}</ref> == Dabbobi na daji == Wannan yanayin babban bangare ne na Nxai Pan National Park, kuma gida ne na yanayi ga manyan garken zebra da wildebeest. A lokacin ruwan sama tsakanin Disamba da Afrilu kwanon rufi ya zama mai ciyawa kuma yana jan hankalin waɗannan dabbobi a cikin dubban dubban su, tare da ƙananan adadin gemsbok, eland da ja hartebeest. == Dubi kuma == * Nwetwe Pan * Gurasarsa == Manazarta == 2aa506dmz0j3k7zeonjnapkfldba5qz 0 153138 842567 2026-05-29T16:18:20Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344501691|Ugo Ukah]]" 842567 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ugochukwu "Ugo" Ukah''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi 18 ga Janairu 1984) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya . An haife shi a [[Italiya]], Ukah ya wakilci [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|tawagar Najeriya]] . == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Ugo Ukah ya buga wa ƙungiyar matasa ta Parma FC wasa [1] Kakarsa ta farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa ta fara ne a kakar ƙwallon ƙafa ta 2001/2002, lokacin da ya koma ƙungiyar US Brescello ta mataki na huɗu. A lokacin bazara na 2002, ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar AC Reggiana ta babban gasar Italiya a 1919 amma bai buga wasa a gasar Serie A ba. A ƙarshen kakar wasa, ya bar Reggiana kuma ya buga wasanni biyu masu zuwa tare da ƙananan ƙungiyoyin Truentina Castel di Lama da FC Pro Vasto . [2] === Queens Park Rangers === Ukah ya isa Queens Park Rangers FC a lokacin bazara na 2005. Ya zauna tare da QPR na tsawon kakar wasa daya da rabi. Kungiyar ta buga gasar Championship, matakin na biyu a Ingila, kuma Ukah, wanda har yanzu matashi ne, ya shafe mafi yawan lokacinsa a kan benci yana buga wasa daya a gasar Championship a kakar wasa ta 2005-06 . A watan Mayu na 2006, QPR ta sanar da cewa Ukah ya koma kungiyar Nuorese Calcio ta Italiya kan kwantiragin shekaru uku. Duk da haka, a watan Nuwamba na 2006, ba zato ba tsammani aka sanya Ukah a cikin jerin wadanda suka koma QPR, ba tare da wani bayani daga kungiyar ba. Daga karshe an sallame shi daga kwantiraginsa kuma ya bar kungiyar a watan Janairun 2007. Ya buga sauran kakar wasa ta 2006-2007 a Italiya tare da Giulianova Calcio ta Serie C. === Aiki a Poland === Daga nan Ukah ya koma Widzew Łódź a Poland kuma zai buga wasa a ƙungiyar na tsawon shekaru 5 masu zuwa. Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa masu mahimmanci lokacin da Widzew ya zama zakara a gasar rukunin farko ta Poland (mataki na biyu a Poland) a kakar wasa biyu a jere tsakanin 2008–09 da 2009–10 ). A watan Afrilun 2011, an dakatar da Ukah daga aikinsa na farko har abada bayan an same shi da laifin tuki a ƙarƙashin maye . <ref>http://www.sports.pl/Pilka-nozna/Ugo-Ukah-odsuniety-od-skladu-Widzewa,artykul,106002,1,726.html {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> Bayan shekaru 5 a Łódź, Ukah ya koma wata ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Poland, Jagiellonia Białystok, inda ya buga wasa a kakar wasa biyu masu zuwa. === Čukarički === A lokacin bazara na 2014 ya zama ɗan wasa mai zaman kansa, kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da wani babban kulob na ƙasar Serbia mai suna FK Čukarički daga babban birnin [[Belgrade]] . Ugo Ukah ba zai tsawaita kwantiraginsa da ƙungiyar Serbian SuperLiga ta Čukarički ba, duk da sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Europa League. Mai tsaron baya na tsakiya ya ji daɗin nasara tare da Čukarički a kakar wasa da ta gabata, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar babban birnin lashe kofinsu na farko tun bayan kafa ƙungiyar shekaru 88 da suka gabata - Kofin Serbia - kuma ya kare a matsayi na uku a SuperLiga . ''"Ba zan ɗauki zaɓin tsawaita kwantiragina ba, kwantiragina ya ƙare da Čukarički. Na yi kakar wasa mai kyau."'' Ugo Ukah ya shaida wa news24.com. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wayback Machine has not archived that URL. |url=http://m.news24.com/Nigeria/Sport/Football/Ugo-Ukah-will-not-renew-FK-Cukaricki-contract-20150622 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928064046/http://m.news24.com/Nigeria/Sport/Football/Ugo-Ukah-will-not-renew-FK-Cukaricki-contract-20150622 |archive-date=28 September 2015 |access-date=2023-04-06}}</ref> === AEL Kalloni === Za a iya bayyana cewa kwangilar da Ugochukwu Ukah ya rattaba hannu da kungiyar Kalloni ta Girka an tsara ta ne na tsawon shekaru biyu, inda zai buga wasa a gasar Super League ta Girka. ''"Na sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da Kalloni kuma zan fara horo da kungiyar a ranar Litinin (6 ga Yuli),"'' in ji Ugo Ukah ga ''allnigeriasoccer.com'' . === Selangor FA === A watan Yulin 2016, Ukah ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar kwangila da ƙungiyar Selangor FA ta Malaysia, wacce ta maye gurbin Robert Cornthwaite. === Penang FA === A watan Fabrairun 2018, ƙungiyar [[Malesiya Premier League|ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Malaysia]] FA Penang ta sanar da isowar ɗan wasan baya na ƙasar Najeriya Ugo Ukah bisa wasu sharuɗɗa da ba a bayyana ba. Dan wasan da kansa ya sanar da Allnigeriasoccer.com cewa ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da The Panthers. A halin yanzu Ukah yana bugawa ƙungiyar The Panthers, Penang FA, ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru wacce a halin yanzu take wasa a rukuni na biyu na ƙwallon ƙafa ta Malaysia, wato [[Malesiya Premier League|gasar Firimiya ta Malaysia]] . == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Ukah wanda aka haifa kuma ya girma a Parma, Italiya ya bayyana cewa iyalansa sun yi matukar farin ciki bayan ya fara bugawa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Eagles]] wasa a [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] da [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Zambiya|Zambia]] . Kocin [[Samson Siasia]] ya fara gayyatar dan wasan mai shekaru 27, amma bai samu damar buga wasa ba sai a wasan Kaduna. A ranar 23 ga Nuwamba, 2014, Ukah, ya ce bai yi mamakin rashin nasarar da Najeriya ta samu na shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2015 da za a yi a Equatorial Guinea ba saboda mafi kyawun 'yan wasan kasar ba sa bugawa kungiyar wasa. A lokacin, dan wasan baya na tsakiya na Čukarički, wanda ya taba buga wa Najeriya wasa sau daya, ya yi tambaya kan yadda kocin [[Stephen Keshi]] ke kiran 'yan wasa da kuma dalilin da ya sa yake sanya 'yan wasan da za su taimaka wa Najeriya a ranar wasa. ''"Ban yi mamakin cewa kasar da nake kauna ba Najeriya ba ta cancanci kare gasar cin kofin kasashen da ta lashe a bara ba. Wannan ya faru ne saboda akwai 'yan wasa mafi kyau a can fiye da wadanda ke bugawa Najeriya wasa a yanzu, don haka sun cancanci samun damar tabbatar da kansu a cikin tawagar kasa,"'' in ji Ukah ga '''africanFootball.com.''' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] haoze4fz2w05wddtgb89sjxzgatap2v 842568 842567 2026-05-29T16:18:48Z Sardeeq 39275 842568 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ugochukwu "Ugo" Ukah''' Listen ⓘ (an haife shi 18 ga Janairu 1984) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya . An haife shi a [[Italiya]], Ukah ya wakilci [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|tawagar Najeriya]] . == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Ugo Ukah ya buga wa ƙungiyar matasa ta Parma FC wasa [1] Kakarsa ta farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa ta fara ne a kakar ƙwallon ƙafa ta 2001/2002, lokacin da ya koma ƙungiyar US Brescello ta mataki na huɗu. A lokacin bazara na 2002, ya sanya hannu da ƙungiyar AC Reggiana ta babban gasar Italiya a 1919 amma bai buga wasa a gasar Serie A ba. A ƙarshen kakar wasa, ya bar Reggiana kuma ya buga wasanni biyu masu zuwa tare da ƙananan ƙungiyoyin Truentina Castel di Lama da FC Pro Vasto . [2] === Queens Park Rangers === Ukah ya isa Queens Park Rangers FC a lokacin bazara na 2005. Ya zauna tare da QPR na tsawon kakar wasa daya da rabi. Kungiyar ta buga gasar Championship, matakin na biyu a Ingila, kuma Ukah, wanda har yanzu matashi ne, ya shafe mafi yawan lokacinsa a kan benci yana buga wasa daya a gasar Championship a kakar wasa ta 2005-06 . A watan Mayu na 2006, QPR ta sanar da cewa Ukah ya koma kungiyar Nuorese Calcio ta Italiya kan kwantiragin shekaru uku. Duk da haka, a watan Nuwamba na 2006, ba zato ba tsammani aka sanya Ukah a cikin jerin wadanda suka koma QPR, ba tare da wani bayani daga kungiyar ba. Daga karshe an sallame shi daga kwantiraginsa kuma ya bar kungiyar a watan Janairun 2007. Ya buga sauran kakar wasa ta 2006-2007 a Italiya tare da Giulianova Calcio ta Serie C. === Aiki a Poland === Daga nan Ukah ya koma Widzew Łódź a Poland kuma zai buga wasa a ƙungiyar na tsawon shekaru 5 masu zuwa. Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa masu mahimmanci lokacin da Widzew ya zama zakara a gasar rukunin farko ta Poland (mataki na biyu a Poland) a kakar wasa biyu a jere tsakanin 2008–09 da 2009–10 ). A watan Afrilun 2011, an dakatar da Ukah daga aikinsa na farko har abada bayan an same shi da laifin tuki a ƙarƙashin maye . <ref>http://www.sports.pl/Pilka-nozna/Ugo-Ukah-odsuniety-od-skladu-Widzewa,artykul,106002,1,726.html {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> Bayan shekaru 5 a Łódź, Ukah ya koma wata ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Poland, Jagiellonia Białystok, inda ya buga wasa a kakar wasa biyu masu zuwa. === Čukarički === A lokacin bazara na 2014 ya zama ɗan wasa mai zaman kansa, kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da wani babban kulob na ƙasar Serbia mai suna FK Čukarički daga babban birnin [[Belgrade]] . Ugo Ukah ba zai tsawaita kwantiraginsa da ƙungiyar Serbian SuperLiga ta Čukarički ba, duk da sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Europa League. Mai tsaron baya na tsakiya ya ji daɗin nasara tare da Čukarički a kakar wasa da ta gabata, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar babban birnin lashe kofinsu na farko tun bayan kafa ƙungiyar shekaru 88 da suka gabata - Kofin Serbia - kuma ya kare a matsayi na uku a SuperLiga . ''"Ba zan ɗauki zaɓin tsawaita kwantiragina ba, kwantiragina ya ƙare da Čukarički. Na yi kakar wasa mai kyau."'' Ugo Ukah ya shaida wa news24.com. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wayback Machine has not archived that URL. |url=http://m.news24.com/Nigeria/Sport/Football/Ugo-Ukah-will-not-renew-FK-Cukaricki-contract-20150622 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928064046/http://m.news24.com/Nigeria/Sport/Football/Ugo-Ukah-will-not-renew-FK-Cukaricki-contract-20150622 |archive-date=28 September 2015 |access-date=2023-04-06}}</ref> === AEL Kalloni === Za a iya bayyana cewa kwangilar da Ugochukwu Ukah ya rattaba hannu da kungiyar Kalloni ta Girka an tsara ta ne na tsawon shekaru biyu, inda zai buga wasa a gasar Super League ta Girka. ''"Na sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da Kalloni kuma zan fara horo da kungiyar a ranar Litinin (6 ga Yuli),"'' in ji Ugo Ukah ga ''allnigeriasoccer.com'' . === Selangor FA === A watan Yulin 2016, Ukah ya sanya hannu kan sabuwar kwangila da ƙungiyar Selangor FA ta Malaysia, wacce ta maye gurbin Robert Cornthwaite. === Penang FA === A watan Fabrairun 2018, ƙungiyar [[Malesiya Premier League|ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Malaysia]] FA Penang ta sanar da isowar ɗan wasan baya na ƙasar Najeriya Ugo Ukah bisa wasu sharuɗɗa da ba a bayyana ba. Dan wasan da kansa ya sanar da Allnigeriasoccer.com cewa ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da The Panthers. A halin yanzu Ukah yana bugawa ƙungiyar The Panthers, Penang FA, ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru wacce a halin yanzu take wasa a rukuni na biyu na ƙwallon ƙafa ta Malaysia, wato [[Malesiya Premier League|gasar Firimiya ta Malaysia]] . == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Ukah wanda aka haifa kuma ya girma a Parma, Italiya ya bayyana cewa iyalansa sun yi matukar farin ciki bayan ya fara bugawa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Eagles]] wasa a [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] da [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Zambiya|Zambia]] . Kocin [[Samson Siasia]] ya fara gayyatar dan wasan mai shekaru 27, amma bai samu damar buga wasa ba sai a wasan Kaduna. A ranar 23 ga Nuwamba, 2014, Ukah, ya ce bai yi mamakin rashin nasarar da Najeriya ta samu na shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2015 da za a yi a Equatorial Guinea ba saboda mafi kyawun 'yan wasan kasar ba sa bugawa kungiyar wasa. A lokacin, dan wasan baya na tsakiya na Čukarički, wanda ya taba buga wa Najeriya wasa sau daya, ya yi tambaya kan yadda kocin [[Stephen Keshi]] ke kiran 'yan wasa da kuma dalilin da ya sa yake sanya 'yan wasan da za su taimaka wa Najeriya a ranar wasa. ''"Ban yi mamakin cewa kasar da nake kauna ba Najeriya ba ta cancanci kare gasar cin kofin kasashen da ta lashe a bara ba. Wannan ya faru ne saboda akwai 'yan wasa mafi kyau a can fiye da wadanda ke bugawa Najeriya wasa a yanzu, don haka sun cancanci samun damar tabbatar da kansu a cikin tawagar kasa,"'' in ji Ukah ga '''africanFootball.com.''' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] cceejtyk38qhrdcehqmrdx1uaq3e88t 0 153139 842570 2026-05-29T16:20:10Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340127758|Nxai Pan National Park]]" 842570 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gidan shakatawa na Nxai Pan''' wani wurin shakatawa ne na kasa a arewa maso gabashin [[Botswana]], wanda ya ƙunshi Nxai pan, wanda yake ɗaya daga cikin filayen gishiri na [[Makgadikgadi Pan]]. Gidan shakatawa na Nxai Pan yana kusa da arewacin babbar hanyar Maun-Nata kuma yana kusa da Gidan shakata na [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Makgadikgadi Pans]] a kan iyakarta ta arewa. Gidan da kansa gado ne na burbushin tafkin kusan 40 km² a girman.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Travel Guide to Nxai Pan |url=https://www.botswana.co.za/Area_Guides-travel/botswana-nxai-pan-national-park.html |access-date=19 September 2014 |website=Siyabona Africa}}</ref>&nbsp; Gida ce ga tarin bishiyoyin baobab masu shekaru dubu, waɗanda suka samo sunansu daga Thomas Baines, wanda ya fara bayyana su don ilimin tsire-tsire na Yamma. Baines" Baobabs, kamar yadda aka sani a yau, ra'ayi ne da matafiya da yawa ke nema a cikin wannan ƙasa mara kyau na Botswana. == Dabbobi na daji == [[Fayil:Nxai_Pan_National_Park_(48593386857).jpg|thumb|Ostrich da springbok a cikin rami]] Gidan shakatawa na Nxai shine wurin zama na [[Giwan daji na Afirka|giwa]], giraffe, zebra, wildebeest, [[zaki]], leopard, cheetah, kudu, springbok, impala, ostrich, kare daji na Cape, jackal, [[Kura (dabba)|hyena]], bat-eared fox, aardwolf, da zuma. == Karewa == Wannan wurin shakatawa an haɗa shi a cikin kasashe biyar na Kavango - Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area, wanda shine na biyu mafi girma a cikin yanayi da wuri mai faɗi a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013 |title=KAZA-TFCA |url=http://www.kavangozambezi.org/about_kaza.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508162547/http://www.kavangozambezi.org/about_kaza.php |archive-date=2013-05-08 |access-date=2022-11-09}}</ref> == Hanyoyi == Lokacin ruwan sama wanda yake daga Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu shine lokacin zafi mai zafi da kuma lokacin da wurin shakatawa ya fi kyau. Wasan yana da yawa daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu amma idan ruwan sama ya yi nauyi hanyoyi na iya zama da wahala a tattauna. Yanayin hanya na iya zama da wahala a lokacin ruwan sama mai tsanani. Lokacin da ya fi dacewa a cikin wurin shakatawa shine a lokacin fari, wanda shine daga Mayu zuwa Satumba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nxai Pan National Park, November 2017 |url=https://independent-travellers.com/botswana/nxai/ |access-date=March 30, 2018 |website=Independent Travellers |publisher=independent-travellers.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == om4uuq20cbtw9yudcbobcrbqb3on7er 842572 842570 2026-05-29T16:20:52Z Pharouqenr 25549 842572 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gidan shakatawa na Nxai Pan''' wani wurin shakatawa ne na kasa a arewa maso gabashin [[Botswana]], wanda ya ƙunshi Nxai pan, wanda yake ɗaya daga cikin filayen gishiri na [[Makgadikgadi Pan]]. Gidan shakatawa na Nxai Pan yana kusa da arewacin babbar hanyar Maun-Nata kuma yana kusa da Gidan shakata na [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Makgadikgadi Pans]] a kan iyakarta ta arewa. Gidan da kansa gado ne na burbushin tafkin kusan 40 km² a girman.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Travel Guide to Nxai Pan |url=https://www.botswana.co.za/Area_Guides-travel/botswana-nxai-pan-national-park.html |access-date=19 September 2014 |website=Siyabona Africa}}</ref>&nbsp; Gida ce ga tarin bishiyoyin baobab masu shekaru dubu, waɗanda suka samo sunansu daga Thomas Baines, wanda ya fara bayyana su don ilimin tsire-tsire na Yamma. Baines" Baobabs, kamar yadda aka sani a yau, ra'ayi ne da matafiya da yawa ke nema a cikin wannan ƙasa mara kyau na Botswana. == Dabbobi na daji == [[Fayil:Nxai_Pan_National_Park_(48593386857).jpg|thumb|Ostrich da springbok a cikin rami]] Gidan shakatawa na Nxai shine wurin zama na [[Giwan daji na Afirka|giwa]], giraffe, zebra, wildebeest, [[zaki]], leopard, cheetah, kudu, springbok, impala, ostrich, kare daji na Cape, jackal, [[Kura (dabba)|hyena]], bat-eared fox, aardwolf, da zuma. == Karewa == Wannan wurin shakatawa an haɗa shi a cikin kasashe biyar na Kavango - Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area, wanda shine na biyu mafi girma a cikin yanayi da wuri mai faɗi a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013 |title=KAZA-TFCA |url=http://www.kavangozambezi.org/about_kaza.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508162547/http://www.kavangozambezi.org/about_kaza.php |archive-date=2013-05-08 |access-date=2022-11-09}}</ref> == Hanyoyi == Lokacin ruwan sama wanda yake daga Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu shine lokacin zafi mai zafi da kuma lokacin da wurin shakatawa ya fi kyau. Wasan yana da yawa daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu amma idan ruwan sama ya yi nauyi hanyoyi na iya zama da wahala a tattauna. Yanayin hanya na iya zama da wahala a lokacin ruwan sama mai tsanani. Lokacin da ya fi dacewa a cikin wurin shakatawa shine a lokacin fari, wanda shine daga Mayu zuwa Satumba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nxai Pan National Park, November 2017 |url=https://independent-travellers.com/botswana/nxai/ |access-date=March 30, 2018 |website=Independent Travellers |publisher=independent-travellers.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == l1ozkkqtllphk6jb1wwv77ke4p3r4mf 0 153140 842571 2026-05-29T16:20:26Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344691261|Anthony Ujah]]" 842571 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anthony Ujah''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1990) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba, inda ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa a Jamus. Ya buga wasanni bakwai a [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya]] tsakanin 2013 da 2015. == Rayuwar farko == Ujah ya girma a ƙaramin garin Ugbokolo a [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] ta Najeriya. == Aikin kulob == Ujah ya fara aikinsa da Abuja FC A shekarar 2008, [[Warri Wolves F.C.|Warri Wolves]] ta saye shi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 February 2010 |title=Nigeria: Ujah, Obaje Dazzle in Denmark |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201002081172.html |access-date=1 November 2015 |publisher=Daily Champion}}</ref> Ya bar Warri Wolves a watan Janairun 2010 don halartar wani gwaji da Lillestrøm . === Lillestrøm === ==== kakar 2010 ==== Bayan ya burge shi yayin da yake halartar shari'ar, Ujah ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru huɗu da Lillestrøm kuma ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar wasa a ranar 14 ga Maris 2010 da Aalesunds FK . A watan Janairun 2011, an yi ta rade-radin cewa Ujah zai koma Ingila, inda aka ruwaito cewa kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na Swindon Town da Southampton suna sha'awarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anthony Ujah Biography / Profile |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/15618/anthony-ujah |access-date=29 January 2019 |website=Manpower}}</ref> A ranar da aka kayyade wa'adin canja wurin 'yan wasa, Ujah ya yi tafiya zuwa Mallorca ta [[La Liga]] don tattauna batun komawarsa bayan Lillestrøm ta amince da tayin da aka yi masa na neman dan wasan. Duk da haka, ba a sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya ba, kuma Ujah ya fara kakar wasa ta 2011 har yanzu yana Norway tare da Lillestrøm. ==== kakar 2011 ==== A wasan farko na kakar wasa ta bana a ranar 3 ga Maris 2011, Ujah ya zira kwallaye hudu a wasan da Lillestrøm ta doke Stabæk da ci 7-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2011 |title=Stabæk - Lillestrøm |url=http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256277 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120802025945/http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256277 |archive-date=2 August 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=fotball.no}}</ref> Bayan kyakkyawan aikin da ya yi, an ruwaito cewa [[PSV Eindhoven]], tsakanin sauran kungiyoyin Turai kamar Rennes, Lille, Toulouse da [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]], suna ci gaba da sa ido kan Ujah. Ujah ya kara wa jimillar kwallayen sa ta hanyar zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da kungiyar sa ta doke FK Haugesund da ci 5-0 a ranar 25 ga Afrilu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 April 2011 |title=Lillestrøm - Haugesund |url=http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256287 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803010920/http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256287 |archive-date=3 August 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=fotball.no}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2011, bayan dawowar kwallaye takwas daga wasanni shida na farko na gasar Lillestrøm, an alakanta Ujah da manyan kungiyoyi daga manyan gasannin nahiyar, ciki har da Bundesliga, [[Ligue 1]] da Eredivisie . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">an buƙata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Wata guda bayan haka a ranar 28 ga Mayu, Ujah ya zira kwallon da ta yi nasara a kan Sarpsborg 08 da ci 4-2. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2011 |title=Sarpsborg 08 - Lillestrøm |url=http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256217 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527165136/http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256217 |archive-date=27 May 2011 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=fotball.no}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2011, Ujah ya sake zira kwallaye huɗu ga Lillestrøm, a wannan karon a kan Strømsgodset, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 4-2 a Tippeligaen. Bayan watanni 15 kacal a Norway, ya gina kyakkyawar alaƙa da magoya bayan ƙungiyar kuma ana iya cewa ya sami matsayi kamar na tatsuniya ga wani ɗan shekara 20. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Ya ƙare da zura kwallaye 30 a wasanni 42 a duk gasannin da ya buga wa Lillestrøm. <ref name="nifs">{{Cite web |title=Profile at Nifs.no |url=http://www.nifs.no/personprofil.php?land=1&u=6683&t=5&person_id=63220 |access-date=7 December 2015 |website=nifs.no}}</ref> === Mainz 05 === A watan Yunin 2011, Ujah ya sanya hannu a Mainz 05, bayan da ƙungiyoyi da dama suka bi sahunsa, musamman ƙungiyar Denmark FC Copenhagen da Brøndby IF . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2011 |title=Mainz 05 Signs Anthony Ujah From Lillestrom |url=https://www.sbnation.com/soccer/2011/6/28/2249473/mainz-05-signs-anthony-ujah-from-lillestrom |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=SBNation.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okeleji |first=Oluwashina |date=28 June 2011 |title=Nigeria under-23 striker Ujah joins German club Mainz |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/13944959 |access-date=9 September 2012 |website=BBC News}}</ref> A farkon aikinsa na Mainz, Ujah ya rasa damarmaki da dama kuma ya zura kwallo mai mahimmanci a kansa yayin da Gaz Metan Mediaș ya fitar da Mainz daga gasar UEFA Europa League . Ujah ya zura kwallaye biyu na farko a sabuwar ƙungiyarsa a wasan da suka doke VfB Stuttgart da ci 3-1 a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, wanda ya kawo ƙarshen nasarar da ƙungiyarsa ta samu ba tare da nasara ba wanda ya kai ga tsakiyar watan Agusta kuma ya sa ta fice daga yankin faɗuwa; duk da haka, waɗannan su ne kawai kwallayen Bundesliga da ya ci a wannan kakar, kuma ya buga wasanni uku kacal bayan hutun hunturu. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2011 |title=Two sent off as Mainz end drought |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=320942&cc=5901 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120715004939/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=320942&cc=5901 |archive-date=15 July 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=ESPN Soccernet}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2011 |title=Gamecast: Mainz vs. VfB Stuttgart |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/gamecast?id=320942&cc=5901 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120719072740/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/gamecast?id=320942&cc=5901 |archive-date=19 July 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=ESPN Soccernet}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Anthony Ujah {{!}} Laufbahn {{!}} Spielerprofil |url=https://www.kicker.de/anthony-ujah/laufbahn |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=kicker |language=de-DE}}</ref> === 1. FC Köln === A ranar ƙarshe ta lokacin canja wurin bazara na 2012, Ujah ya sanya hannu kan aro na 1. FC Köln na tsawon kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okeleji |first=Oluwashina |date=31 August 2011 |title=Nigerian Anthony Ujah joins Cologne on loan from Mainz |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/19436754 |access-date=9 September 2012 |website=BBC News}}</ref> Ya zira kwallaye 13 a kakar wasa ta 2012–13 2. Bundesliga da canja wurin sun zama na dindindin a ƙarshen kakar wasa. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Anthony Ujah {{!}} Laufbahn {{!}} Spielerprofil |url=https://www.kicker.de/anthony-ujah/laufbahn |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=kicker |language=de-DE}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.kicker.de/anthony-ujah/laufbahn "Anthony Ujah | Laufbahn | Spielerprofil"]. </cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Köln striker Ujah agrees Bremen deal {{!}} SV Werder Bremen |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/0000319677.jsp |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website |language=en}}</ref> Köln ya samu ci gaba zuwa Bundesliga a kakar wasa ta 2013-14, inda Ujah ya kafa kawancen 'yan wasa tare da Patrick Helmes . Ujah shine wanda ya fi kowa zura kwallaye a kungiyar a kakar wasa ta 2014-15 ta Bundesliga, inda ya zura kwallaye 10. [1] [2] A watan Maris na 2015, Ujah ya yi fice a kan bikin murnarsa bayan ya zura kwallo a raga a wasan da suka yi da Eintracht Frankfurt ; dan wasan ya yi gudu zuwa wurin abin koyi na akuya na kungiyar, Hennes, kuma ya kama kaho. [3] A shekarar 2020, Ujah ya bayyana sihirinsa a Köln a matsayin mafi kyawun lokacin aikinsa. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] eyxtbmxvvzs4aw1uke0x41ylkz6yl88 842573 842571 2026-05-29T16:20:56Z Sardeeq 39275 842573 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Anthony Ujah''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1990) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba, inda ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa a Jamus. Ya buga wasanni bakwai a [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya]] tsakanin 2013 da 2015. == Rayuwar farko == Ujah ya girma a ƙaramin garin Ugbokolo a [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] ta Najeriya. == Aikin kulob == Ujah ya fara aikinsa da Abuja FC A shekarar 2008, [[Warri Wolves F.C.|Warri Wolves]] ta saye shi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 February 2010 |title=Nigeria: Ujah, Obaje Dazzle in Denmark |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201002081172.html |access-date=1 November 2015 |publisher=Daily Champion}}</ref> Ya bar Warri Wolves a watan Janairun 2010 don halartar wani gwaji da Lillestrøm . === Lillestrøm === ==== kakar 2010 ==== Bayan ya burge shi yayin da yake halartar shari'ar, Ujah ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru huɗu da Lillestrøm kuma ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar wasa a ranar 14 ga Maris 2010 da Aalesunds FK . A watan Janairun 2011, an yi ta rade-radin cewa Ujah zai koma Ingila, inda aka ruwaito cewa kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na Swindon Town da Southampton suna sha'awarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anthony Ujah Biography / Profile |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/15618/anthony-ujah |access-date=29 January 2019 |website=Manpower}}</ref> A ranar da aka kayyade wa'adin canja wurin 'yan wasa, Ujah ya yi tafiya zuwa Mallorca ta [[La Liga]] don tattauna batun komawarsa bayan Lillestrøm ta amince da tayin da aka yi masa na neman dan wasan. Duk da haka, ba a sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya ba, kuma Ujah ya fara kakar wasa ta 2011 har yanzu yana Norway tare da Lillestrøm. ==== kakar 2011 ==== A wasan farko na kakar wasa ta bana a ranar 3 ga Maris 2011, Ujah ya zira kwallaye hudu a wasan da Lillestrøm ta doke Stabæk da ci 7-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2011 |title=Stabæk - Lillestrøm |url=http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256277 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120802025945/http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256277 |archive-date=2 August 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=fotball.no}}</ref> Bayan kyakkyawan aikin da ya yi, an ruwaito cewa [[PSV Eindhoven]], tsakanin sauran kungiyoyin Turai kamar Rennes, Lille, Toulouse da [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]], suna ci gaba da sa ido kan Ujah. Ujah ya kara wa jimillar kwallayen sa ta hanyar zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da kungiyar sa ta doke FK Haugesund da ci 5-0 a ranar 25 ga Afrilu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 April 2011 |title=Lillestrøm - Haugesund |url=http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256287 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803010920/http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256287 |archive-date=3 August 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=fotball.no}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2011, bayan dawowar kwallaye takwas daga wasanni shida na farko na gasar Lillestrøm, an alakanta Ujah da manyan kungiyoyi daga manyan gasannin nahiyar, ciki har da Bundesliga, [[Ligue 1]] da Eredivisie . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">an buƙata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Wata guda bayan haka a ranar 28 ga Mayu, Ujah ya zira kwallon da ta yi nasara a kan Sarpsborg 08 da ci 4-2. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2011 |title=Sarpsborg 08 - Lillestrøm |url=http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256217 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527165136/http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256217 |archive-date=27 May 2011 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=fotball.no}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2011, Ujah ya sake zira kwallaye huɗu ga Lillestrøm, a wannan karon a kan Strømsgodset, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 4-2 a Tippeligaen. Bayan watanni 15 kacal a Norway, ya gina kyakkyawar alaƙa da magoya bayan ƙungiyar kuma ana iya cewa ya sami matsayi kamar na tatsuniya ga wani ɗan shekara 20. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Ya ƙare da zura kwallaye 30 a wasanni 42 a duk gasannin da ya buga wa Lillestrøm. <ref name="nifs">{{Cite web |title=Profile at Nifs.no |url=http://www.nifs.no/personprofil.php?land=1&u=6683&t=5&person_id=63220 |access-date=7 December 2015 |website=nifs.no}}</ref> === Mainz 05 === A watan Yunin 2011, Ujah ya sanya hannu a Mainz 05, bayan da ƙungiyoyi da dama suka bi sahunsa, musamman ƙungiyar Denmark FC Copenhagen da Brøndby IF . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2011 |title=Mainz 05 Signs Anthony Ujah From Lillestrom |url=https://www.sbnation.com/soccer/2011/6/28/2249473/mainz-05-signs-anthony-ujah-from-lillestrom |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=SBNation.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okeleji |first=Oluwashina |date=28 June 2011 |title=Nigeria under-23 striker Ujah joins German club Mainz |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/13944959 |access-date=9 September 2012 |website=BBC News}}</ref> A farkon aikinsa na Mainz, Ujah ya rasa damarmaki da dama kuma ya zura kwallo mai mahimmanci a kansa yayin da Gaz Metan Mediaș ya fitar da Mainz daga gasar UEFA Europa League . Ujah ya zura kwallaye biyu na farko a sabuwar ƙungiyarsa a wasan da suka doke VfB Stuttgart da ci 3-1 a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, wanda ya kawo ƙarshen nasarar da ƙungiyarsa ta samu ba tare da nasara ba wanda ya kai ga tsakiyar watan Agusta kuma ya sa ta fice daga yankin faɗuwa; duk da haka, waɗannan su ne kawai kwallayen Bundesliga da ya ci a wannan kakar, kuma ya buga wasanni uku kacal bayan hutun hunturu. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2011 |title=Two sent off as Mainz end drought |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=320942&cc=5901 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120715004939/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=320942&cc=5901 |archive-date=15 July 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=ESPN Soccernet}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2011 |title=Gamecast: Mainz vs. VfB Stuttgart |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/gamecast?id=320942&cc=5901 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120719072740/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/gamecast?id=320942&cc=5901 |archive-date=19 July 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=ESPN Soccernet}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Anthony Ujah {{!}} Laufbahn {{!}} Spielerprofil |url=https://www.kicker.de/anthony-ujah/laufbahn |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=kicker |language=de-DE}}</ref> === 1. FC Köln === A ranar ƙarshe ta lokacin canja wurin bazara na 2012, Ujah ya sanya hannu kan aro na 1. FC Köln na tsawon kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okeleji |first=Oluwashina |date=31 August 2011 |title=Nigerian Anthony Ujah joins Cologne on loan from Mainz |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/19436754 |access-date=9 September 2012 |website=BBC News}}</ref> Ya zira kwallaye 13 a kakar wasa ta 2012–13 2. Bundesliga da canja wurin sun zama na dindindin a ƙarshen kakar wasa. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Anthony Ujah {{!}} Laufbahn {{!}} Spielerprofil |url=https://www.kicker.de/anthony-ujah/laufbahn |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=kicker |language=de-DE}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.kicker.de/anthony-ujah/laufbahn "Anthony Ujah | Laufbahn | Spielerprofil"]. </cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Köln striker Ujah agrees Bremen deal {{!}} SV Werder Bremen |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/0000319677.jsp |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website |language=en}}</ref> Köln ya samu ci gaba zuwa Bundesliga a kakar wasa ta 2013-14, inda Ujah ya kafa kawancen 'yan wasa tare da Patrick Helmes . Ujah shine wanda ya fi kowa zura kwallaye a kungiyar a kakar wasa ta 2014-15 ta Bundesliga, inda ya zura kwallaye 10. [1] [2] A watan Maris na 2015, Ujah ya yi fice a kan bikin murnarsa bayan ya zura kwallo a raga a wasan da suka yi da Eintracht Frankfurt ; dan wasan ya yi gudu zuwa wurin abin koyi na akuya na kungiyar, Hennes, kuma ya kama kaho. [3] A shekarar 2020, Ujah ya bayyana sihirinsa a Köln a matsayin mafi kyawun lokacin aikinsa. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] hlls2uwdg2tug2up1mpfx7pfx1hkvwe 842575 842573 2026-05-29T16:21:42Z Sardeeq 39275 842575 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Anthony Ujah''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1990) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba, inda ya shafe mafi yawan aikinsa a Jamus. Ya buga wasanni bakwai a [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya]] tsakanin 2013 da 2015. == Rayuwar farko == Ujah ya girma a ƙaramin garin Ugbokolo a [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]] ta Najeriya. == Aikin kulob == Ujah ya fara aikinsa da Abuja FC A shekarar 2008, [[Warri Wolves F.C.|Warri Wolves]] ta saye shi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 February 2010 |title=Nigeria: Ujah, Obaje Dazzle in Denmark |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201002081172.html |access-date=1 November 2015 |publisher=Daily Champion}}</ref> Ya bar Warri Wolves a watan Janairun 2010 don halartar wani gwaji da Lillestrøm . === Lillestrøm === ==== kakar 2010 ==== Bayan ya burge shi yayin da yake halartar shari'ar, Ujah ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru huɗu da Lillestrøm kuma ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar wasa a ranar 14 ga Maris 2010 da Aalesunds FK . A watan Janairun 2011, an yi ta rade-radin cewa Ujah zai koma Ingila, inda aka ruwaito cewa kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na Swindon Town da Southampton suna sha'awarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anthony Ujah Biography / Profile |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/15618/anthony-ujah |access-date=29 January 2019 |website=Manpower}}</ref> A ranar da aka kayyade wa'adin canja wurin 'yan wasa, Ujah ya yi tafiya zuwa Mallorca ta [[La Liga]] don tattauna batun komawarsa bayan Lillestrøm ta amince da tayin da aka yi masa na neman dan wasan. Duk da haka, ba a sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya ba, kuma Ujah ya fara kakar wasa ta 2011 har yanzu yana Norway tare da Lillestrøm. ==== kakar 2011 ==== A wasan farko na kakar wasa ta bana a ranar 3 ga Maris 2011, Ujah ya zira kwallaye hudu a wasan da Lillestrøm ta doke Stabæk da ci 7-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2011 |title=Stabæk - Lillestrøm |url=http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256277 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120802025945/http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256277 |archive-date=2 August 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=fotball.no}}</ref> Bayan kyakkyawan aikin da ya yi, an ruwaito cewa [[PSV Eindhoven]], tsakanin sauran kungiyoyin Turai kamar Rennes, Lille, Toulouse da [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]], suna ci gaba da sa ido kan Ujah. Ujah ya kara wa jimillar kwallayen sa ta hanyar zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da kungiyar sa ta doke FK Haugesund da ci 5-0 a ranar 25 ga Afrilu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 April 2011 |title=Lillestrøm - Haugesund |url=http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256287 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803010920/http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256287 |archive-date=3 August 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=fotball.no}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2011, bayan dawowar kwallaye takwas daga wasanni shida na farko na gasar Lillestrøm, an alakanta Ujah da manyan kungiyoyi daga manyan gasannin nahiyar, ciki har da Bundesliga, [[Ligue 1]] da Eredivisie . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">an buƙata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Wata guda bayan haka a ranar 28 ga Mayu, Ujah ya zira kwallon da ta yi nasara a kan Sarpsborg 08 da ci 4-2. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2011 |title=Sarpsborg 08 - Lillestrøm |url=http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256217 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527165136/http://www.fotball.no/System-pages/Kampfakta/?matchId=5256217 |archive-date=27 May 2011 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=fotball.no}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2011, Ujah ya sake zira kwallaye huɗu ga Lillestrøm, a wannan karon a kan Strømsgodset, inda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 4-2 a Tippeligaen. Bayan watanni 15 kacal a Norway, ya gina kyakkyawar alaƙa da magoya bayan ƙungiyar kuma ana iya cewa ya sami matsayi kamar na tatsuniya ga wani ɗan shekara 20. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> Ya ƙare da zura kwallaye 30 a wasanni 42 a duk gasannin da ya buga wa Lillestrøm. <ref name="nifs">{{Cite web |title=Profile at Nifs.no |url=http://www.nifs.no/personprofil.php?land=1&u=6683&t=5&person_id=63220 |access-date=7 December 2015 |website=nifs.no}}</ref> === Mainz 05 === A watan Yunin 2011, Ujah ya sanya hannu a Mainz 05, bayan da ƙungiyoyi da dama suka bi sahunsa, musamman ƙungiyar Denmark FC Copenhagen da Brøndby IF . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2011 |title=Mainz 05 Signs Anthony Ujah From Lillestrom |url=https://www.sbnation.com/soccer/2011/6/28/2249473/mainz-05-signs-anthony-ujah-from-lillestrom |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=SBNation.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okeleji |first=Oluwashina |date=28 June 2011 |title=Nigeria under-23 striker Ujah joins German club Mainz |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/13944959 |access-date=9 September 2012 |website=BBC News}}</ref> A farkon aikinsa na Mainz, Ujah ya rasa damarmaki da dama kuma ya zura kwallo mai mahimmanci a kansa yayin da Gaz Metan Mediaș ya fitar da Mainz daga gasar UEFA Europa League . Ujah ya zura kwallaye biyu na farko a sabuwar ƙungiyarsa a wasan da suka doke VfB Stuttgart da ci 3-1 a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, wanda ya kawo ƙarshen nasarar da ƙungiyarsa ta samu ba tare da nasara ba wanda ya kai ga tsakiyar watan Agusta kuma ya sa ta fice daga yankin faɗuwa; duk da haka, waɗannan su ne kawai kwallayen Bundesliga da ya ci a wannan kakar, kuma ya buga wasanni uku kacal bayan hutun hunturu. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2011 |title=Two sent off as Mainz end drought |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=320942&cc=5901 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120715004939/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=320942&cc=5901 |archive-date=15 July 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=ESPN Soccernet}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2011 |title=Gamecast: Mainz vs. VfB Stuttgart |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/gamecast?id=320942&cc=5901 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120719072740/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/gamecast?id=320942&cc=5901 |archive-date=19 July 2012 |access-date=9 September 2012 |publisher=ESPN Soccernet}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Anthony Ujah {{!}} Laufbahn {{!}} Spielerprofil |url=https://www.kicker.de/anthony-ujah/laufbahn |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=kicker |language=de-DE}}</ref> === 1. FC Köln === A ranar ƙarshe ta lokacin canja wurin bazara na 2012, Ujah ya sanya hannu kan aro na 1. FC Köln na tsawon kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okeleji |first=Oluwashina |date=31 August 2011 |title=Nigerian Anthony Ujah joins Cologne on loan from Mainz |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/19436754 |access-date=9 September 2012 |website=BBC News}}</ref> Ya zira kwallaye 13 a kakar wasa ta 2012–13 2. Bundesliga da canja wurin sun zama na dindindin a ƙarshen kakar wasa. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Anthony Ujah {{!}} Laufbahn {{!}} Spielerprofil |url=https://www.kicker.de/anthony-ujah/laufbahn |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=kicker |language=de-DE}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.kicker.de/anthony-ujah/laufbahn "Anthony Ujah | Laufbahn | Spielerprofil"]. </cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Köln striker Ujah agrees Bremen deal {{!}} SV Werder Bremen |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/0000319677.jsp |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website |language=en}}</ref> Köln ya samu ci gaba zuwa Bundesliga a kakar wasa ta 2013-14, inda Ujah ya kafa kawancen 'yan wasa tare da Patrick Helmes . Ujah shine wanda ya fi kowa zura kwallaye a kungiyar a kakar wasa ta 2014-15 ta Bundesliga, inda ya zura kwallaye 10. [1] [2] A watan Maris na 2015, Ujah ya yi fice a kan bikin murnarsa bayan ya zura kwallo a raga a wasan da suka yi da Eintracht Frankfurt ; dan wasan ya yi gudu zuwa wurin abin koyi na akuya na kungiyar, Hennes, kuma ya kama kaho. [3] A shekarar 2020, Ujah ya bayyana sihirinsa a Köln a matsayin mafi kyawun lokacin aikinsa. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]] dm88ckh8k9qgaxl7d6j7gx7vklxu75u 0 153141 842574 2026-05-29T16:21:12Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1303524278|Sua Pan]]" 842574 wikitext text/x-wiki Sua Pan ko '''''Sowa'' Pan''' babban lalacewar yanayi ne a cikin yankin [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Makgadikgadi]] na arewa maso gabashin [[Botswana]] . Tana kusa da ƙauyen Sowa, wanda sunansa ke nufin [[gishiri]] a cikin harshen [[Mutanen San|San]]. Gidan gishiri na Sua yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan pans guda uku a cikin Makgadikgadi, sauran biyu sune Nxai Pan da Nwetwe Pan. David Livingstone ne ya fara bayyana Sua Pan ga duniyar Turai, bisa ga Bincike a wannan yankin. An yi muhimman binciken archaeological a cikin Nwetwe Pan, wanda ke nuna kayan aikin Stone-Age daga mutanen da ke zaune a wannan yanki lokacin da babban tafkin shekara-shekara ya mamaye Sua da Nwetwe Pans. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burrough |first=Sallie L. |last2=Thomas |first2=David S.G. |last3=Bailey |first3=Richard M. |date=July 2009 |title=Mega-Lake in the Kalahari: A Late Pleistocene record of the Palaeolake Makgadikgadi system |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=28 |issue=15–16 |pages=1392–1411 |bibcode=2009QSRv...28.1392B |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.02.007}}</ref> Brines na Sua Pan yana daya daga cikin manyan tabkuna a duniya ya kai kimanin murabba'in kilomita 24,000. Duk da yake sodium chloride shine babban abu, akwai wasu gishiri da yawa da aka samu a cikin wannan yanki kamar sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, da ƙananan adadin potassium chloride (potash). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Republic of Botswana |date=November 24, 1980 |title=Botswana Soda-ash Study Contract No. AID/SOD/PDC-C-0407 |url=http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAY142.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=The Brines of Sua Pan |publisher=United States Agency for International Development |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221163651/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAY142.pdf |archive-date=February 21, 2017}}</ref> A halin yanzu, Sua Pan tafki ne na yanayi; yana cike da ruwa a lokacin ruwan sama na rani kuma yana riƙe da ruwa da aka kawo daga [[Kogin Nata]] har zuwa Afrilu ko Mayu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Makgadikgadi Pans Climate - Makgadikgadi Botswana |url=http://www.itravelto.com/makgadikgadi-pans-climate.html |website=www.itravelto.com}}</ref> Daga cikin ayyukan kiyaye namun daji da suka fi cin nasara a Botswana shine Nata Bird Sanctuary da al'umma ta fara a arewa maso gabashin wannan yankin. An buɗe shi a 1993 kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta "Tourism for Tomorrow Award" don Kudancin Hemisphere. Mambobin ƙauyuka huɗu da ke kusa da su ne ke tallafawa, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen samun nasara. Ɗaya daga cikin masu ba da gudummawa na Sua Pan shine Kogin Mosetse . An sanya wa ƙauyen Mosetse suna kuma yana gefen kogi. == Masana'antu == [[Fayil:Makgadigadi_pans,_Sodium_Carbonate_pans,_Na2CO3._Algae_causes_the_red._Camera_at_10_000_feet_altitude_and_ground_is_about_3_280_feet_(1000_metres)_altitude._-_panoramio.jpg|thumb|Pans da aka yi amfani da su don hakar sodium carbonate]] Sua Pan kuma shafin yanar gizon kamfanin hakar ma'adinai na sodium carbonate (soda ash) Botash ne. Kamfanin rabin mallakar gwamnatin Botswana ne kuma yana samar da fiye da tan 300,000 na ash na soda da tan 450,000 na gishiri a kowace shekara.<ref name="botash.bw">{{Cite web |title=History |url=http://www.botash.bw/company-history/}}</ref> Baya ga samar da sodium carbonate, ma'adinin kuma yana samar da halite, sodium sulfate da sodium bicarbonate salts. Mine yana amfani da bambancin Tsarin Solvay don samar da ash din soda da kayan aiki.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frank D.Eckardt |last2=Robert G.Bryant |last3=Graham McCulloch |last4=Baruch Spiro |last5=Warren W.Wood |date=2008 |title=The hydrochemistry of a semi-arid pan basin case study: Sua Pan, Makgadikgadi, Botswana |journal=Applied Geochemistry |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=1563–1580 |bibcode=2008ApGC...23.1563E |doi=10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.12.033}}</ref> == Sufuri == Sua Pan ita ce ƙarshen yammacin layin jirgin kasa na Francistown-Sua Pan mai nisan kilomita 174.5. == Dubi kuma == * [[Kogin Mosope]] * [[Kogin Semowane]] * [[Kogin Nata]] == Tushen == * David Livingstone (1868) ''Missionary Travels and Researches in [[Afirka ta Kudu|South Africa]]: Including a Sketch of Sixteen Years' Residence in the Interior of Africa'', Harper Publishers. * [http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=22373&mode=&order=0 C.Michael Hogan (2008) ''Makgadikgadi, The Megalithic Portal''], ed. A. Burnham * Bryan Robert Davies and Keith F. Walker (1986), ''The [[Ecology]] of River Systems'', Springer, 733 pages, {{ISBN|90-6193-540-7}}, {{ISBN|978-90-6193-540-7}}. == Manazarta == ccew4yoy1hgbjp3gr7ko8xvnp1mmi5x 842577 842574 2026-05-29T16:22:34Z Pharouqenr 25549 842577 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Sua Pan ko '''''Sowa'' Pan''' babban lalacewar yanayi ne a cikin yankin [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Makgadikgadi]] na arewa maso gabashin [[Botswana]] . Tana kusa da ƙauyen Sowa, wanda sunansa ke nufin [[gishiri]] a cikin harshen [[Mutanen San|San]]. Gidan gishiri na Sua yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan pans guda uku a cikin Makgadikgadi, sauran biyu sune Nxai Pan da Nwetwe Pan. David Livingstone ne ya fara bayyana Sua Pan ga duniyar Turai, bisa ga Bincike a wannan yankin. An yi muhimman binciken archaeological a cikin Nwetwe Pan, wanda ke nuna kayan aikin Stone-Age daga mutanen da ke zaune a wannan yanki lokacin da babban tafkin shekara-shekara ya mamaye Sua da Nwetwe Pans. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burrough |first=Sallie L. |last2=Thomas |first2=David S.G. |last3=Bailey |first3=Richard M. |date=July 2009 |title=Mega-Lake in the Kalahari: A Late Pleistocene record of the Palaeolake Makgadikgadi system |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=28 |issue=15–16 |pages=1392–1411 |bibcode=2009QSRv...28.1392B |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.02.007}}</ref> Brines na Sua Pan yana daya daga cikin manyan tabkuna a duniya ya kai kimanin murabba'in kilomita 24,000. Duk da yake sodium chloride shine babban abu, akwai wasu gishiri da yawa da aka samu a cikin wannan yanki kamar sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, da ƙananan adadin potassium chloride (potash). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Republic of Botswana |date=November 24, 1980 |title=Botswana Soda-ash Study Contract No. AID/SOD/PDC-C-0407 |url=http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAY142.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=The Brines of Sua Pan |publisher=United States Agency for International Development |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221163651/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAY142.pdf |archive-date=February 21, 2017}}</ref> A halin yanzu, Sua Pan tafki ne na yanayi; yana cike da ruwa a lokacin ruwan sama na rani kuma yana riƙe da ruwa da aka kawo daga [[Kogin Nata]] har zuwa Afrilu ko Mayu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Makgadikgadi Pans Climate - Makgadikgadi Botswana |url=http://www.itravelto.com/makgadikgadi-pans-climate.html |website=www.itravelto.com}}</ref> Daga cikin ayyukan kiyaye namun daji da suka fi cin nasara a Botswana shine Nata Bird Sanctuary da al'umma ta fara a arewa maso gabashin wannan yankin. An buɗe shi a 1993 kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta "Tourism for Tomorrow Award" don Kudancin Hemisphere. Mambobin ƙauyuka huɗu da ke kusa da su ne ke tallafawa, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen samun nasara. Ɗaya daga cikin masu ba da gudummawa na Sua Pan shine Kogin Mosetse . An sanya wa ƙauyen Mosetse suna kuma yana gefen kogi. == Masana'antu == [[Fayil:Makgadigadi_pans,_Sodium_Carbonate_pans,_Na2CO3._Algae_causes_the_red._Camera_at_10_000_feet_altitude_and_ground_is_about_3_280_feet_(1000_metres)_altitude._-_panoramio.jpg|thumb|Pans da aka yi amfani da su don hakar sodium carbonate]] Sua Pan kuma shafin yanar gizon kamfanin hakar ma'adinai na sodium carbonate (soda ash) Botash ne. Kamfanin rabin mallakar gwamnatin Botswana ne kuma yana samar da fiye da tan 300,000 na ash na soda da tan 450,000 na gishiri a kowace shekara.<ref name="botash.bw">{{Cite web |title=History |url=http://www.botash.bw/company-history/}}</ref> Baya ga samar da sodium carbonate, ma'adinin kuma yana samar da halite, sodium sulfate da sodium bicarbonate salts. Mine yana amfani da bambancin Tsarin Solvay don samar da ash din soda da kayan aiki.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frank D.Eckardt |last2=Robert G.Bryant |last3=Graham McCulloch |last4=Baruch Spiro |last5=Warren W.Wood |date=2008 |title=The hydrochemistry of a semi-arid pan basin case study: Sua Pan, Makgadikgadi, Botswana |journal=Applied Geochemistry |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=1563–1580 |bibcode=2008ApGC...23.1563E |doi=10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.12.033}}</ref> == Sufuri == Sua Pan ita ce ƙarshen yammacin layin jirgin kasa na Francistown-Sua Pan mai nisan kilomita 174.5. == Dubi kuma == * [[Kogin Mosope]] * [[Kogin Semowane]] * [[Kogin Nata]] == Tushen == * David Livingstone (1868) ''Missionary Travels and Researches in [[Afirka ta Kudu|South Africa]]: Including a Sketch of Sixteen Years' Residence in the Interior of Africa'', Harper Publishers. * [http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=22373&mode=&order=0 C.Michael Hogan (2008) ''Makgadikgadi, The Megalithic Portal''], ed. A. Burnham * Bryan Robert Davies and Keith F. Walker (1986), ''The [[Ecology]] of River Systems'', Springer, 733 pages, {{ISBN|90-6193-540-7}}, {{ISBN|978-90-6193-540-7}}. == Manazarta == gjqz2klwjowx0pjb17uyxvo2irt9hr5 0 153142 842576 2026-05-29T16:22:08Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1309623285|Lake Ihotry]]" 842576 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tafkin Ihotry''' shine tafki na biyu mafi girma a [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lake Ihotry &#124; Book Lake Ihotry Tour Packages - Travelomadagascar |url=http://www.travelomadagascar.com/places-to-visit/lake-ihotry/#.XqEY6S-w1Z0}}</ref> [[Tafki]] ne mai rufewa mai gishiri a yankin kudu maso yammacin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] mai ƙazanta a yankin Atsimo-Andrefana. Yankinsa ya bambanta a yanayi, daga 96&nbsp;km ² zuwa 112&nbsp;km ^2. == Hanyoyi == Ana iya isa gare shi ta hanyar RN9 daga Toliara (Tulear) zuwa Mandabe. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Wasu majiyoyi == * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=6583&m=0 Tsuntsayen Rayuwa] * [http://www.cosis.net/abstracts/EGU06/04602/EGU06-J-04602.pdf?PHPSESSID=386e2e70860329c01c902d080818f7ac Takardar Binciken Geophysical] Archived fn0uzqbszwgfff4vx0e2m97pzpvlzdq 842582 842576 2026-05-29T16:23:52Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842582 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tafkin Ihotry''' shine tafki na biyu mafi girma a [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lake Ihotry &#124; Book Lake Ihotry Tour Packages - Travelomadagascar |url=http://www.travelomadagascar.com/places-to-visit/lake-ihotry/#.XqEY6S-w1Z0}}</ref> [[Tafki]] ne mai rufewa mai gishiri a yankin kudu maso yammacin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] mai ƙazanta a yankin Atsimo-Andrefana. Yankinsa ya bambanta a yanayi, daga 96&nbsp;km ² zuwa 112&nbsp;km ^2. == Hanyoyi == Ana iya isa gare shi ta hanyar RN9 daga Toliara (Tulear) zuwa Mandabe. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Wasu majiyoyi == * [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=6583&m=0 Tsuntsayen Rayuwa] * [http://www.cosis.net/abstracts/EGU06/04602/EGU06-J-04602.pdf?PHPSESSID=386e2e70860329c01c902d080818f7ac Takardar Binciken Geophysical] Archived p577q8jlga82esdt13g5zpysesbjn11 0 153143 842578 2026-05-29T16:22:38Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1256732238|Emeka Jude Ugali]]" 842578 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Emeka Jude Ugali''' (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Mayu 1982) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya mai ritaya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1982-05-28 |title=UGALI Emeka Jude - 1982 - Scheda Tecnica Giocatore (Attaccante) - Full Soccer |url=http://www.fullsoccer.eu/giocatori.php?giocatore=UGALI%20Emeka%20Jude |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613230622/http://www.fullsoccer.eu/giocatori.php?giocatore=UGALI%20Emeka%20Jude |archive-date=2012-06-13 |access-date=2012-03-04 |publisher=Fullsoccer.eu}}</ref> == Sana'a == === Kulob === Ya fice daga Najeriya yana ɗan shekara goma sha shida kacal inda ya buga wasa tare da Princess Jegede, ya fara aikinsa a ƙungiyar FK Beograd ta Serbia a kakar wasa ta 1998–99. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, ya koma Poland inda ya koma ƙungiyar Ekstraklasa Polonia Warsaw . A lokacin hutun hunturu, ya koma Italiya inda ya koma FBC Unione Venezia, ƙungiyar [[Venezia|Venice]] . Daga 2000 zuwa 2004 ya buga wasa a AC Monza Brianza a 1912, inda ya rayu mafi girman aikinsa. A kakar wasa ta 2003-2004, Jaridar ''Monza News'' ta yi hasashen zaɓen da magoya baya za su kaɗa don zaɓar mafi kyawun ɗan wasa na kakar wasa. Ugali ya janye kyautar ''ARREDOKIT TROPHY'' 2003–04. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Visite In Arredokit |url=http://www.webalice.it/forevermonza/VISITE_IN_ARREDOKIT.html |access-date=2012-03-04 |publisher=Forever Monza}}</ref> A shekarun baya ya buga wasa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi da dama, duka na 'yan wasa masu son shiga da kuma Serie D. === Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa === Ugali ya buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|tawagar Najeriya]] wasa, bayan ya lashe wasanni biyu a shekarar 2002. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Emeka Ugali |url=http://www.11v11.com/api/player/75196/teamID/2097/ |access-date=2013-10-22 |publisher=11v11.com}}</ref> Wasansa na farko ya zo ne a ranar 4 ga Mayu 2002 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] da Kenya a wasan sada zumunci, inda ya kare da ci 3-0 ga 'yan Najeriya. Wasansa na biyu kuma na karshe ya faru ne a ranar 18 ga Mayu 2002 a [[Landan]] a Loftus Road da Jamaica, wanda a koda yaushe yake cikin wasan sada zumunci, wanda ya kare da ci 0-0. == Rikici == A ranar 23 ga Satumba, 2001, a lokacin wasan Serie C1 : AC Monza Brianza 1912 - Pisa Calcio (1-2), alkalin wasa Latella ya kori Ugali daga Potenza saboda dan wasan Najeriya ya ajiye gajeren wandonsa bayan da wani dan wasan Pisa ya kira shi "nigger". Shugaban Calcio Monza, Cesare D'Evant, ya ce bayan wasan, yayin da yake Allah wadai da lamarin wariyar launin fata, amma bai tabbatar da martanin dan wasansa ba. [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] m9zw868j7anrdd3lxyslal7x0b7go5j 842579 842578 2026-05-29T16:22:57Z Sardeeq 39275 842579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Emeka Jude Ugali''' (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Mayu 1982) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya mai ritaya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1982-05-28 |title=UGALI Emeka Jude - 1982 - Scheda Tecnica Giocatore (Attaccante) - Full Soccer |url=http://www.fullsoccer.eu/giocatori.php?giocatore=UGALI%20Emeka%20Jude |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613230622/http://www.fullsoccer.eu/giocatori.php?giocatore=UGALI%20Emeka%20Jude |archive-date=2012-06-13 |access-date=2012-03-04 |publisher=Fullsoccer.eu}}</ref> == Sana'a == === Kulob === Ya fice daga Najeriya yana ɗan shekara goma sha shida kacal inda ya buga wasa tare da Princess Jegede, ya fara aikinsa a ƙungiyar FK Beograd ta Serbia a kakar wasa ta 1998–99. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, ya koma Poland inda ya koma ƙungiyar Ekstraklasa Polonia Warsaw . A lokacin hutun hunturu, ya koma Italiya inda ya koma FBC Unione Venezia, ƙungiyar [[Venezia|Venice]] . Daga 2000 zuwa 2004 ya buga wasa a AC Monza Brianza a 1912, inda ya rayu mafi girman aikinsa. A kakar wasa ta 2003-2004, Jaridar ''Monza News'' ta yi hasashen zaɓen da magoya baya za su kaɗa don zaɓar mafi kyawun ɗan wasa na kakar wasa. Ugali ya janye kyautar ''ARREDOKIT TROPHY'' 2003–04. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Visite In Arredokit |url=http://www.webalice.it/forevermonza/VISITE_IN_ARREDOKIT.html |access-date=2012-03-04 |publisher=Forever Monza}}</ref> A shekarun baya ya buga wasa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi da dama, duka na 'yan wasa masu son shiga da kuma Serie D. === Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa === Ugali ya buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|tawagar Najeriya]] wasa, bayan ya lashe wasanni biyu a shekarar 2002. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Emeka Ugali |url=http://www.11v11.com/api/player/75196/teamID/2097/ |access-date=2013-10-22 |publisher=11v11.com}}</ref> Wasansa na farko ya zo ne a ranar 4 ga Mayu 2002 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] da Kenya a wasan sada zumunci, inda ya kare da ci 3-0 ga 'yan Najeriya. Wasansa na biyu kuma na karshe ya faru ne a ranar 18 ga Mayu 2002 a [[Landan]] a Loftus Road da Jamaica, wanda a koda yaushe yake cikin wasan sada zumunci, wanda ya kare da ci 0-0. == Rikici == A ranar 23 ga Satumba, 2001, a lokacin wasan Serie C1 : AC Monza Brianza 1912 - Pisa Calcio (1-2), alkalin wasa Latella ya kori Ugali daga Potenza saboda dan wasan Najeriya ya ajiye gajeren wandonsa bayan da wani dan wasan Pisa ya kira shi "nigger". Shugaban Calcio Monza, Cesare D'Evant, ya ce bayan wasan, yayin da yake Allah wadai da lamarin wariyar launin fata, amma bai tabbatar da martanin dan wasansa ba. [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] 36ryfqu7s04vo6p0s8815i2rvlz6os0 0 153144 842580 2026-05-29T16:22:59Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1147318413|Mbulu Highlands]]" 842580 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Women_working_on_an_irrigation_canal.jpg|thumb|Mata suna aiki a kan tashar ban ruwa, ƙauyen Dirim, Gundumar Mbulu.]] == Yanayin ƙasa == Yankin tsaunuka na Mbulu suna tsakanin tafkin Lake Eyasi a yamma da Lake Manyara a gabas. Filayen ya kasance daga mita 1500 zuwa 2300 a tsawo. Yankunan tsaunuka sun kai arewa maso gabas zuwa kudu maso yamma. Wani tsaunuka mai tsawo a arewa maso gabas-kudu maso yamma yana iyakance tsaunuka a gabas, yana kallon [[Tafkin Manyara]], da kuma kudu, [[Tafkin Balangida]]. Filin ya sauka da sauri a cikin jerin tuddai da kwari zuwa [[Tafkin Eyasi]] zuwa yamma da Kwarin Yaeda zuwa kudu maso yamma. A arewa akwai tsaunuka masu tsaunuka na Ngorongoro. Dutsen dutsen Dutsen Hanang ya tashi a kudancin Tafkin Balangida . Yankunan tsaunuka galibi suna cikin Gundumar Mbulu ta Yankin Manyara, suna kaiwa arewa zuwa Gundumar Karatu ta Yankin Arusha. Babban gari a kan tudu shine Mbulu. Hanyar B141 ta Tanzania ta haye tsaunuka, tana gudana ta hanyar Mbulu a kan hanyarsa daga Madukani a gabashin tsaunuka zuwa Singida a kudu maso yamma. == Yanayi == Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara shine 1000 mm ko fiye a cikin tsaunuka, mafi girma fiye da a cikin ƙasashen da ke kewaye. Ruwan sama na iya bambanta sosai daga shekara zuwa shekara. Yuni zuwa Satumba sune watanni mafi bushewa, tare da karancin ruwan sama ko babu ruwan sama. Yanayi mai sanyi, yanayin hazo sau da yawa yana da yawa, musamman da safe, wanda ke rage evaporation kuma yana taimakawa ci gaba da gonaki da gandun daji na tsaunin. == Mutane == Filin yana da gida ga [[Mutanen Iraqw|Mutanen Iraki]], waɗanda ke yin aikin gona mai zurfi ta amfani da amfanin gona iri-iri da wuraren noma. Yankunan da aka noma galibi suna sama da mita 1800 tsawo. == Muhalli == Shuke-shuke na halitta na tsaunin galibi gandun daji ne na miombo. A cikin tsaunuka na arewa, wuraren ciyawa na dutsen wuta suna faruwa a kan ƙasa da aka kafa daga toka na dutsen. dazuzzuka na Montane evergreen suna faruwa a tsaunuka masu tsawo. Filin yana da wuraren ajiyar gandun daji guda biyu, Nou (305.19 km2) da Hassama (49.01 km2). Yankunan bushlands da bishiyoyi masu bushewa na Acacia-Commiphora sun mamaye ƙasashen Eyasi da Manyara. == Manazarta == 7e2szvde74lgfmg081vhamml3x228ab 842581 842580 2026-05-29T16:23:47Z Pharouqenr 25549 842581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Women_working_on_an_irrigation_canal.jpg|thumb|Mata suna aiki a kan tashar ban ruwa, ƙauyen Dirim, Gundumar Mbulu.]] == Yanayin ƙasa == Yankin tsaunuka na Mbulu suna tsakanin tafkin Lake Eyasi a yamma da Lake Manyara a gabas. Filayen ya kasance daga mita 1500 zuwa 2300 a tsawo. Yankunan tsaunuka sun kai arewa maso gabas zuwa kudu maso yamma. Wani tsaunuka mai tsawo a arewa maso gabas-kudu maso yamma yana iyakance tsaunuka a gabas, yana kallon [[Tafkin Manyara]], da kuma kudu, [[Tafkin Balangida]]. Filin ya sauka da sauri a cikin jerin tuddai da kwari zuwa [[Tafkin Eyasi]] zuwa yamma da Kwarin Yaeda zuwa kudu maso yamma. A arewa akwai tsaunuka masu tsaunuka na Ngorongoro. Dutsen dutsen Dutsen Hanang ya tashi a kudancin Tafkin Balangida . Yankunan tsaunuka galibi suna cikin Gundumar Mbulu ta Yankin Manyara, suna kaiwa arewa zuwa Gundumar Karatu ta Yankin Arusha. Babban gari a kan tudu shine Mbulu. Hanyar B141 ta Tanzania ta haye tsaunuka, tana gudana ta hanyar Mbulu a kan hanyarsa daga Madukani a gabashin tsaunuka zuwa Singida a kudu maso yamma. == Yanayi == Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara shine 1000 mm ko fiye a cikin tsaunuka, mafi girma fiye da a cikin ƙasashen da ke kewaye. Ruwan sama na iya bambanta sosai daga shekara zuwa shekara. Yuni zuwa Satumba sune watanni mafi bushewa, tare da karancin ruwan sama ko babu ruwan sama. Yanayi mai sanyi, yanayin hazo sau da yawa yana da yawa, musamman da safe, wanda ke rage evaporation kuma yana taimakawa ci gaba da gonaki da gandun daji na tsaunin. == Mutane == Filin yana da gida ga [[Mutanen Iraqw|Mutanen Iraki]], waɗanda ke yin aikin gona mai zurfi ta amfani da amfanin gona iri-iri da wuraren noma. Yankunan da aka noma galibi suna sama da mita 1800 tsawo. == Muhalli == Shuke-shuke na halitta na tsaunin galibi gandun daji ne na miombo. A cikin tsaunuka na arewa, wuraren ciyawa na dutsen wuta suna faruwa a kan ƙasa da aka kafa daga toka na dutsen. dazuzzuka na Montane evergreen suna faruwa a tsaunuka masu tsawo. Filin yana da wuraren ajiyar gandun daji guda biyu, Nou (305.19 km2) da Hassama (49.01 km2). Yankunan bushlands da bishiyoyi masu bushewa na Acacia-Commiphora sun mamaye ƙasashen Eyasi da Manyara. == Manazarta == khf8wextkytbf3dr5esflt3u2788a8t 0 153145 842583 2026-05-29T16:24:19Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355828457|Mount Kwaraha]]" 842583 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dutsen Kwaraha''' dutse ne a tsakiyar {{Cvt|5|km}} . Tana kusa da kilomita 5 (3.1 a gabashin garin Babati, a cikin Gundumar Babati ta Yankin Manyara. Dutsen Kwaraha dutse ne, kuma ya tashi zuwa {{Cvt|2415|m}} . Dutsen yana da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da rafi da yawa waɗanda ke gudana zuwa yamma zuwa [[Tafkin Babati]] da gabas zuwa Kogin Tarangire. Dutsen yana da gandun daji sama da {{Cvt|1800|m}} m (5,900 tsawo, kuma gida ne ga ƙananan giwaye da buffalo, da kuma yawan tsuntsaye da birai. Ufiome Forest Reserve ya rufe km2 sq na dutsen. == Manazarta == owotcgmq2ihldi83q1vjobl9q7kwtso 842584 842583 2026-05-29T16:24:34Z Pharouqenr 25549 842584 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dutsen Kwaraha''' dutse ne a tsakiyar {{Cvt|5|km}} . Tana kusa da kilomita 5 (3.1 a gabashin garin Babati, a cikin Gundumar Babati ta Yankin Manyara. Dutsen Kwaraha dutse ne, kuma ya tashi zuwa {{Cvt|2415|m}} . Dutsen yana da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da rafi da yawa waɗanda ke gudana zuwa yamma zuwa [[Tafkin Babati]] da gabas zuwa Kogin Tarangire. Dutsen yana da gandun daji sama da {{Cvt|1800|m}} m (5,900 tsawo, kuma gida ne ga ƙananan giwaye da buffalo, da kuma yawan tsuntsaye da birai. Ufiome Forest Reserve ya rufe km2 sq na dutsen. == Manazarta == 67mc35139psf38h0xylj959twovlukh 0 153146 842585 2026-05-29T16:24:52Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344768306|John Utaka]]" 842585 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Chukwudi Utaka''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Janairu 1982) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba kuma a halin yanzu yana kocin matasa a Montpellier . Shi babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar Peter Utaka . Utaka ya buga wa kungiyoyi da dama a nahiyoyi uku, da farko a kungiyar Arab Contractors, daga baya kuma a [[Ismaila SC|kungiyar Ismaily]] ta Masar, sannan ya shafe kakar wasa daya yana bugawa kungiyar Al-Sadd ta Qatar, kafin ya koma [[RC Lens|kungiyar RC Lens]] daga baya kuma ya koma kungiyar Rennes ta Faransa. Ya wakilci [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] a [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|gasar cin kofin duniya]] guda biyu da kuma [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka]] guda uku tun lokacin da ya fara bugawa a shekarar 2002. A lokacin aikinsa, an fi amfani da shi a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe mai sauƙin kai hari, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama mai tasiri a salon wasan da ƙungiyar ke yi na kai hari. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Kwalejin ƙwallon ƙafa ta John Utaka da ke Minna, jihar Niger. == Aikin kulob == An haifi Utaka a [[Enugu (birni)|Enugu]], Najeriya. Ya fara komawa Masar a shekarar 1998, inda ya shiga ƙungiyar Arab Contractors sannan daga baya ya [[Ismaila SC|koma Ismaily]] . Yayin da yake tare da Ismaily, Utaka ya sami matsayin ƙungiyar magoya bayan gida. Suna rera waƙar "Oh Oh Oh Utaka, Oh Oh Oh Utaka" a lokacin wasannin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=John Utaka biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/15723/john-utaka |access-date=27 May 2020 |website=manpower.com.ng}}</ref> Ya buga wasa tare da irin su Mohammed Barakat, Islam El-Shater, da kyaftin Mohamed Salah Abo Greisha a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mohsen Saleh, wanda daga baya aka naɗa shi kocin Masar . Ya koma Al-Sadd na Qatar a shekarar 2001 kan kuɗin dala miliyan 1. Wannan a wancan lokacin ya kasance kuɗin canja wuri mafi yawa a Qatar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 July 2001 |title=النيجيري اوتاكا الى السد في أغلى صفقة قطرية |url=http://daharchives.alhayat.com/issue_archive/Hayat%20INT/2001/7/14/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AF-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%BA%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A9-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060515/http://daharchives.alhayat.com/issue_archive/Hayat%20INT/2001/7/14/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AF-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%BA%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A9-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=30 June 2014 |publisher=daharchives.alhayat.com}}</ref> inda ya yi kakar wasa ɗaya. A shekara ta 2002, ya koma ƙungiyar [[RC Lens]] ta Faransa wadda ya bari a shekara ta 2005 zuwa Rennes . Utaka ya yi fama da yin tasiri a farkon zamansa a Rennes. Duk da haka, ya yi amfani da rashin ɗan wasan gaba Alexander Frei ta hanyar rauni don samun nasararsa. A watan Fabrairun 2006, ya zira kwallaye uku a jere a kan [[RC Lens|Lens]] da Lyon, kuma sakamakon haka ya sami kyautar ɗan wasan wata na L'Équipe . === Portsmouth === Utaka ya koma Portsmouth a kan yarjejeniyar shekaru huɗu a watan Yulin 2007, kan kuɗin da ya kai kusan fam miliyan 7. Ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko a ranar 11 ga Agustan 2007 a wasan da suka yi da Derby County da aka ƙara musu matsayi. Wasu majiyoyi sun yi iƙirarin cewa shi ne wanda ya fi kowanne ɗan wasa tsada a ƙungiyar. A ranar 17 ga Mayu 2008, Portsmouth ta lashe Kofin FA da nasara 1-0 a kan Cardiff City . Utaka ya ba da kwallon da aka zura a ragar da ta yi nasara, [[Nwankwo Kanu]] ne ya ci kwallon. Ya ci gaba da samun mummunan kakar wasa ta 2008-09 amma a ranar 27 ga Yuni 2009 ya tabbatar da cewa zai ci gaba da zama a kulob din na tsawon wani kakar wasa. Albashin da ake biyan Utaka ya zama abin tattaunawa dangane da matsalolin kuɗi na Portsmouth, inda kamfanonin labarai suka bayar da rahoton cewa ana zargin Utaka da samun £80,000 a kowane mako a matsayin wani abu da ke nuna rashin da'arsu ta fuskar kuɗi. Utaka ya yi suka ga waɗannan rahotannin, yana mai cewa ya sami kashi ɗaya bisa uku kawai na wannan adadi. A ranar 23 ga Janairun 2010, ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da Portsmouth ta doke [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]] da ci 2-1 a zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA. === Montpellier === A ranar 29 ga Janairun 2011, Utaka ya rattaba hannu kan ƙungiyar Montpellier ta rukuni na farko ta Faransa, inda ya amince da kwangilar shekaru biyu da rabi kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. [1] Ya fara buga wasa a sabuwar ƙungiyar a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, inda ya maye gurbin Olivier Giroud a minti na 70 a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da Sochaux . [2] Utaka ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a sabuwar kakar wasa ta Ligue 1, kuma ta farko a kungiyar, a wasan da suka buga da Ajaccio a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2011, sannan ya taimaka wajen taimakawa Montpellier wajen doke Ajaccio da ci 3-1 a Corsica. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ajaccio 1 - 3 Montpellier Match preview - 9/21/11 Ligue 1 - Goal.com |url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/match/60756/ac-ajaccio-vs-montpellier-hsc/preview |website=goal.com}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 2012, Montpellier ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Parc des Princes]] don fafatawa da PSG, wacce ke kan gaba a gasar; ya zura kwallo a minti na 81 daga bugun Giroud, amma bugun da Guillaume Hoarau ya buga a karshen wasan ya daidaita wasan zuwa 2-2 kuma ya bai wa kungiyoyin maki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paris Saint-Germain vs. Montpellier - Football Match Report - February 19, 2012 - ESPN |url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/report?gameId=320162 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> Montpellier ta buga wasan da Bordeaux ta karbi bakunci kwanaki shida bayan haka, kuma ya zura kwallo daya tilo a wasan a minti na 80 don ci gaba da matsin lamba ga shugabannin gasar PSG. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Montpellier vs. Bordeaux - Football Match Report - February 25, 2012 - ESPN |url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/report?gameId=320148 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Mayu 2012, a wasan da aka dakatar da shi saboda tashin hankalin jama'a, Utaka ya zira kwallaye biyu, wanda shine kwallaye na shida da na bakwai a gasar kakar wasa ta bana, don tabbatar da nasarar da ta samu a kan Auxerre da ci 2-1 sannan ta lashe gasar Ligue 1 ga Montpellier akan [[Paris Saint-Germain|PSG]], a karon farko a tarihin kungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yahoo UK & Ireland - Sports News - Live Scores - Results |url=http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/20052012/58/ligue-1-montpellier-win-title-chaotic-finish.html |website=Yahoo Sports}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9zsns2mg5rfogklj9i92ph9k7x6bebh 842587 842585 2026-05-29T16:25:39Z Sardeeq 39275 842587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''John Chukwudi Utaka''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Janairu 1982) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba kuma a halin yanzu yana kocin matasa a Montpellier . Shi babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar Peter Utaka . Utaka ya buga wa kungiyoyi da dama a nahiyoyi uku, da farko a kungiyar Arab Contractors, daga baya kuma a [[Ismaila SC|kungiyar Ismaily]] ta Masar, sannan ya shafe kakar wasa daya yana bugawa kungiyar Al-Sadd ta Qatar, kafin ya koma [[RC Lens|kungiyar RC Lens]] daga baya kuma ya koma kungiyar Rennes ta Faransa. Ya wakilci [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] a [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|gasar cin kofin duniya]] guda biyu da kuma [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka]] guda uku tun lokacin da ya fara bugawa a shekarar 2002. A lokacin aikinsa, an fi amfani da shi a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe mai sauƙin kai hari, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama mai tasiri a salon wasan da ƙungiyar ke yi na kai hari. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Kwalejin ƙwallon ƙafa ta John Utaka da ke Minna, jihar Niger. == Aikin kulob == An haifi Utaka a [[Enugu (birni)|Enugu]], Najeriya. Ya fara komawa Masar a shekarar 1998, inda ya shiga ƙungiyar Arab Contractors sannan daga baya ya [[Ismaila SC|koma Ismaily]] . Yayin da yake tare da Ismaily, Utaka ya sami matsayin ƙungiyar magoya bayan gida. Suna rera waƙar "Oh Oh Oh Utaka, Oh Oh Oh Utaka" a lokacin wasannin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=John Utaka biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/15723/john-utaka |access-date=27 May 2020 |website=manpower.com.ng}}</ref> Ya buga wasa tare da irin su Mohammed Barakat, Islam El-Shater, da kyaftin Mohamed Salah Abo Greisha a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mohsen Saleh, wanda daga baya aka naɗa shi kocin Masar . Ya koma Al-Sadd na Qatar a shekarar 2001 kan kuɗin dala miliyan 1. Wannan a wancan lokacin ya kasance kuɗin canja wuri mafi yawa a Qatar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 July 2001 |title=النيجيري اوتاكا الى السد في أغلى صفقة قطرية |url=http://daharchives.alhayat.com/issue_archive/Hayat%20INT/2001/7/14/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AF-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%BA%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A9-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060515/http://daharchives.alhayat.com/issue_archive/Hayat%20INT/2001/7/14/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AF-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%94%D8%BA%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A9-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=30 June 2014 |publisher=daharchives.alhayat.com}}</ref> inda ya yi kakar wasa ɗaya. A shekara ta 2002, ya koma ƙungiyar [[RC Lens]] ta Faransa wadda ya bari a shekara ta 2005 zuwa Rennes . Utaka ya yi fama da yin tasiri a farkon zamansa a Rennes. Duk da haka, ya yi amfani da rashin ɗan wasan gaba Alexander Frei ta hanyar rauni don samun nasararsa. A watan Fabrairun 2006, ya zira kwallaye uku a jere a kan [[RC Lens|Lens]] da Lyon, kuma sakamakon haka ya sami kyautar ɗan wasan wata na L'Équipe . === Portsmouth === Utaka ya koma Portsmouth a kan yarjejeniyar shekaru huɗu a watan Yulin 2007, kan kuɗin da ya kai kusan fam miliyan 7. Ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko a ranar 11 ga Agustan 2007 a wasan da suka yi da Derby County da aka ƙara musu matsayi. Wasu majiyoyi sun yi iƙirarin cewa shi ne wanda ya fi kowanne ɗan wasa tsada a ƙungiyar. A ranar 17 ga Mayu 2008, Portsmouth ta lashe Kofin FA da nasara 1-0 a kan Cardiff City . Utaka ya ba da kwallon da aka zura a ragar da ta yi nasara, [[Nwankwo Kanu]] ne ya ci kwallon. Ya ci gaba da samun mummunan kakar wasa ta 2008-09 amma a ranar 27 ga Yuni 2009 ya tabbatar da cewa zai ci gaba da zama a kulob din na tsawon wani kakar wasa. Albashin da ake biyan Utaka ya zama abin tattaunawa dangane da matsalolin kuɗi na Portsmouth, inda kamfanonin labarai suka bayar da rahoton cewa ana zargin Utaka da samun £80,000 a kowane mako a matsayin wani abu da ke nuna rashin da'arsu ta fuskar kuɗi. Utaka ya yi suka ga waɗannan rahotannin, yana mai cewa ya sami kashi ɗaya bisa uku kawai na wannan adadi. A ranar 23 ga Janairun 2010, ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da Portsmouth ta doke [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]] da ci 2-1 a zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA. === Montpellier === A ranar 29 ga Janairun 2011, Utaka ya rattaba hannu kan ƙungiyar Montpellier ta rukuni na farko ta Faransa, inda ya amince da kwangilar shekaru biyu da rabi kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. [1] Ya fara buga wasa a sabuwar ƙungiyar a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, inda ya maye gurbin Olivier Giroud a minti na 70 a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 da Sochaux . [2] Utaka ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a sabuwar kakar wasa ta Ligue 1, kuma ta farko a kungiyar, a wasan da suka buga da Ajaccio a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2011, sannan ya taimaka wajen taimakawa Montpellier wajen doke Ajaccio da ci 3-1 a Corsica. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ajaccio 1 - 3 Montpellier Match preview - 9/21/11 Ligue 1 - Goal.com |url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/match/60756/ac-ajaccio-vs-montpellier-hsc/preview |website=goal.com}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 2012, Montpellier ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Parc des Princes]] don fafatawa da PSG, wacce ke kan gaba a gasar; ya zura kwallo a minti na 81 daga bugun Giroud, amma bugun da Guillaume Hoarau ya buga a karshen wasan ya daidaita wasan zuwa 2-2 kuma ya bai wa kungiyoyin maki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paris Saint-Germain vs. Montpellier - Football Match Report - February 19, 2012 - ESPN |url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/report?gameId=320162 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> Montpellier ta buga wasan da Bordeaux ta karbi bakunci kwanaki shida bayan haka, kuma ya zura kwallo daya tilo a wasan a minti na 80 don ci gaba da matsin lamba ga shugabannin gasar PSG. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Montpellier vs. Bordeaux - Football Match Report - February 25, 2012 - ESPN |url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/report?gameId=320148 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Mayu 2012, a wasan da aka dakatar da shi saboda tashin hankalin jama'a, Utaka ya zira kwallaye biyu, wanda shine kwallaye na shida da na bakwai a gasar kakar wasa ta bana, don tabbatar da nasarar da ta samu a kan Auxerre da ci 2-1 sannan ta lashe gasar Ligue 1 ga Montpellier akan [[Paris Saint-Germain|PSG]], a karon farko a tarihin kungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Yahoo UK & Ireland - Sports News - Live Scores - Results |url=http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/20052012/58/ligue-1-montpellier-win-title-chaotic-finish.html |website=Yahoo Sports}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kwg3pkjmsa4iyxbbkr58t6e9vsqcswp 0 153147 842586 2026-05-29T16:24:57Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331266050|Cunene River]]" 842586 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Epupa_Falls_3.jpg|right|thumb|225x225px|Faduwar Epupa]] '''Cunene''' (ƙididdigar Portuguese) ko '''Kunene''' (ƙididdiga ta Namibiya) [[Kogi|kogin]] ne a [[Kudancin Afirka|Kudancin Afirka.]] Yana gudana daga tsaunuka na [[Angola]] zuwa kudu zuwa iyakar Namibia. Daga nan sai ya gudana a yammacin gefen iyaka har sai ya kai [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]]. == Yanayin ƙasa == Ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan koguna a yankin, yana da ki" data-ve-ignore="">m kilomita (650 tsawo, tare da kwandon ruwa {{Convert|106,560|km2|mi2}} km2 mi2) a yankin. Matsakaicin fitarwa na shekara-shekara shine {{Cvt|174|m3/s|ft3/s}} m3/s (6,100 ft / s) zuwa {{Cvt|222|m3/s|ft3/s}} m3/s{{Sfn|Nakayama|2003}}<ref name="South West Coast">{{Cite web |title=South West Coast |url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=163&catid=325&Itemid=179}}</ref> Epupa Falls suna kan kogi. Olushandja Dam ya ba da madatsar ruwa ga wani kogi, Etaka, kuma yana taimakawa wajen samar da wutar lantarki ta Ruacana da ruwa. Babban rafin ya tashi a 12 ° 30 'S. kuma kimanin mil 160 a cikin layi kai tsaye daga teku a [[Benguela|Benguella]], yana gudana gabaɗaya daga arewa zuwa kudu ta hanyar digiri huɗu na latitude, amma a ƙarshe yana gudana yamma zuwa teku ta hanyar hutu a cikin tsaunuka na waje.<ref name=":0">{{EB1911|wstitle=Kunene|inline=yes}}</ref> Tsakanin bakin kogin biyu, Cunene ya ratsa fili mai santsi, wanda ya cika da ruwa a lokacin ruwa mai yawa, kuma yana dauke da ƙananan tabkuna da yawa a wasu lokuta na shekara. Daga wannan yanki mai santsi rassa daban-daban suna gudana SE. Yawanci suna da tsaka-tsaki, amma Kwamatuo, wanda ke barin babban rafi a cikin kimanin 15 ° 8 'E., 17 ° 15 'S., yana gudana cikin babban marsh ko tafki da ake kira Etosha, wanda ke da rami a cikin tebur na ciki-ƙasa kusan 3400 ft. sama da matakin teku. Daga ƙarshen S.E. na kogunan tafkin Etosha suna fitowa a cikin jagorancin [[Kogin Okavango|Okavango]], wanda a lokutan ambaliyar ruwa suna ba da gudummawa ga ruwa. Lokacin da ya bar yankin mai santsi Cunene ya juya da gangan zuwa yamma, kuma ya sauka zuwa filin bakin teku ta hanyar wasu magudanan ruwa, wanda shugaban (a cikin 17 ° 25 'S., 14 ° 20 'E.) yana da faduwar 330 ft. Kogin ya zama karami yayin da yake wucewa ta kusan yankin hamada tare da ƙananan ko babu ciyayi. Kogin wani lokacin ba shi da zurfi kuma ana iya wucewa, a wasu an tsare shi a cikin wani karamin tashar dutse. Kusa da teku Cunene ya ratsa yankin tsaunuka, bakinsa an toshe shi gaba ɗaya a cikin ruwa mai ƙarancin ruwa. Kogin ya shiga cikin [[Tekun Atalanta|Atlantic]] a 17° 18′ S., 11° 40′ E. Akwai alamun cewa tsohon reshe na kogin ya taɓa shiga bay zuwa kudu.<ref name=":0">{{EB1911|wstitle=Kunene|inline=yes}}</ref> == Rashin jituwa na madatsar ruwa == Gwamnatin Namibia ta ba da shawarar a ƙarshen shekarun 1990 don gina madatsar ruwan Epupa, madatsar ruwa mai rikitarwa a kan Cunene. A cikin 2012 Gwamnatocin Namibia da Angola sun ba da sanarwar shirye-shiryen hada kai don gina madatsar ruwan Orokawe a cikin Baynes Mountains. A cewar 'yan asalin Himba wanda ginin madatsar ruwan zai fi shafawa, madatsar ruwa za ta yi barazana ga tsarin halittu na gida sabili da haka tushen tattalin arzikin Himba. A watan Fabrairun 2012, shugabannin gargajiya na Himba sun ba da wata sanarwa ga [[Tarayyar Afrika|Tarayyar Afirka]] da [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ta 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkinobho, mai taken "Sanarwar Ovahimba, Ovatwa, Ovatjimba da Ovazemba da suka fi shafar a kan madatsar ruwan Orokawe a cikin Dutsen Baynes, " wanda ya tsara tsananin adawa da madatsar ruwa daga shugabannin gargajiya na gargajiya na Himbo da al'ummomin da ke zaune kusa da Kogin Kunene.<ref name="Galdu">{{Cite web |title=Indigenous Himba Appeal to UN to Fight Namibian Dam |url=http://www.galdu.org/web/index.php?odas=5638&giella1=eng |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017232022/http://www.galdu.org/web/index.php?odas=5638&giella1=eng |archive-date=October 17, 2013 |access-date=April 6, 2012 |publisher=galdu.org}}</ref><ref name="newsodrome">{{Cite web |title=Namibian Minority Groups Demand Their Rights |url=http://newsodrome.com/native_american_news/namibian-minority-groups-demand-their-rights-29917361 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017135555/http://newsodrome.com/native_american_news/namibian-minority-groups-demand-their-rights-29917361 |archive-date=October 17, 2013 |access-date=April 6, 2012 |publisher=newsodrome.com}}</ref><ref name="ep1061">{{Cite web |title=Declaration of the most affected Ovahimba, Ovatwa, Ovatjimba and Ovazemba against the Orokawe Dam in the Baynes Mountains |url=http://earthpeoples.org/blog/?p=1061 |access-date=April 6, 2012 |publisher=earthpeoples.org}}</ref> A watan Satumbar 2012, [[Mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] kan 'Yancin' 'Yan asalin ƙasar ya ziyarci Himba, kuma ya ji damuwarsu. A ranar 23 ga Nuwamba, 2012, daruruwan Himba da Zemba daga yankin Omuhonga da Epupa sun yi zanga-zanga a Okanguati game da shirin Namibia na gina madatsar ruwa a Kogin Kunene a cikin Dutsen Baynes, game da karuwar ayyukan hakar ma'adinai a ƙasarsu ta gargajiya da take hakkin dan adam a kansu.<ref name="Rebecca Sommer">{{Cite web |title=Namibia: Indigenous semi-nomadic Himba and Zemba march in protest against dam, mining and human rights violations |url=http://earthpeoples.org/blog/?p=2910=eng |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310002526/http://earthpeoples.org/blog/?p=2910=eng |archive-date=March 10, 2013 |access-date=November 24, 2012 |publisher=earthpeoples.org}}</ref> A ranar 25 ga Maris, 2013, sama da mutane dubu na Himba da Zemba sun yi tafiya a Opuwo <ref name="Earth Peoples">{{Cite web |title=German GIZ directly engaged with dispossessing indigenous peoples of their lands and territories in Namibia |url=http://earthpeoples.org/blog/?p=4151 |access-date=March 30, 2013 |publisher=earthpeoples.org}}</ref> don sake yin zanga-zanga game da shirye-shiryen Namibia na gina madatsar ruwan Orokawe a cikin Kogin Cunene ba tare da tuntuɓar 'yan asalin da ba su yarda da shirye-' yan ginin ba. <ref name="The Namibian">{{Cite web |title=Himba, Zemba reiterate 'no' to Baynes dam |url=http://www.namibian.com.na/news/full-story/archive/2013/march/article/himba-zemba-reiterate-no-to-baynes-dam/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329005913/http://www.namibian.com.na/news/full-story/archive/2013/march/article/himba-zemba-reiterate-no-to-baynes-dam |archive-date=March 29, 2013 |access-date=March 26, 2013 |publisher=Catherine Sasman for The Namibian}}</ref> Masu yawon bude ido suna yawan zuwa sansanoni ko gidaje a Epupa, wanda ke ba da wasanni na ruwa a kan kogi, gami da rafting da canoeing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KaokoHimba Safaris Namibia - Kaokoland, Epupa Falls Campsite, Himba People, Tours - Epupa Falls |url=http://www.kaoko-namibia.com/epupa_falls.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130422001005/http://www.kaoko-namibia.com/epupa_falls.html |archive-date=April 22, 2013 |access-date=March 23, 2013}}</ref> Tsohon itatuwan baobab suna girma a gefen gorge, kuma akwai kyakkyawan ra'ayi da aka kiyaye sosai sama da ƙauyen da faduwa. == Manazarta == dncz74xrktrqhnko293pbw86fd4hvlt 842588 842586 2026-05-29T16:26:23Z Pharouqenr 25549 842588 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Epupa_Falls_3.jpg|right|thumb|225x225px|Faduwar Epupa]] '''Cunene''' (ƙididdigar Portuguese) ko '''Kunene''' (ƙididdiga ta Namibiya) [[Kogi|kogin]] ne a [[Kudancin Afirka|Kudancin Afirka.]] Yana gudana daga tsaunuka na [[Angola]] zuwa kudu zuwa iyakar Namibia. Daga nan sai ya gudana a yammacin gefen iyaka har sai ya kai [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]]. == Yanayin ƙasa == Ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan koguna a yankin, yana da ki" data-ve-ignore="">m kilomita (650 tsawo, tare da kwandon ruwa {{Convert|106,560|km2|mi2}} km2 mi2) a yankin. Matsakaicin fitarwa na shekara-shekara shine {{Cvt|174|m3/s|ft3/s}} m3/s (6,100 ft / s) zuwa {{Cvt|222|m3/s|ft3/s}} m3/s{{Sfn|Nakayama|2003}}<ref name="South West Coast">{{Cite web |title=South West Coast |url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=163&catid=325&Itemid=179}}</ref> Epupa Falls suna kan kogi. Olushandja Dam ya ba da madatsar ruwa ga wani kogi, Etaka, kuma yana taimakawa wajen samar da wutar lantarki ta Ruacana da ruwa. Babban rafin ya tashi a 12 ° 30 'S. kuma kimanin mil 160 a cikin layi kai tsaye daga teku a [[Benguela|Benguella]], yana gudana gabaɗaya daga arewa zuwa kudu ta hanyar digiri huɗu na latitude, amma a ƙarshe yana gudana yamma zuwa teku ta hanyar hutu a cikin tsaunuka na waje.<ref name=":0">{{EB1911|wstitle=Kunene|inline=yes}}</ref> Tsakanin bakin kogin biyu, Cunene ya ratsa fili mai santsi, wanda ya cika da ruwa a lokacin ruwa mai yawa, kuma yana dauke da ƙananan tabkuna da yawa a wasu lokuta na shekara. Daga wannan yanki mai santsi rassa daban-daban suna gudana SE. Yawanci suna da tsaka-tsaki, amma Kwamatuo, wanda ke barin babban rafi a cikin kimanin 15 ° 8 'E., 17 ° 15 'S., yana gudana cikin babban marsh ko tafki da ake kira Etosha, wanda ke da rami a cikin tebur na ciki-ƙasa kusan 3400 ft. sama da matakin teku. Daga ƙarshen S.E. na kogunan tafkin Etosha suna fitowa a cikin jagorancin [[Kogin Okavango|Okavango]], wanda a lokutan ambaliyar ruwa suna ba da gudummawa ga ruwa. Lokacin da ya bar yankin mai santsi Cunene ya juya da gangan zuwa yamma, kuma ya sauka zuwa filin bakin teku ta hanyar wasu magudanan ruwa, wanda shugaban (a cikin 17 ° 25 'S., 14 ° 20 'E.) yana da faduwar 330 ft. Kogin ya zama karami yayin da yake wucewa ta kusan yankin hamada tare da ƙananan ko babu ciyayi. Kogin wani lokacin ba shi da zurfi kuma ana iya wucewa, a wasu an tsare shi a cikin wani karamin tashar dutse. Kusa da teku Cunene ya ratsa yankin tsaunuka, bakinsa an toshe shi gaba ɗaya a cikin ruwa mai ƙarancin ruwa. Kogin ya shiga cikin [[Tekun Atalanta|Atlantic]] a 17° 18′ S., 11° 40′ E. Akwai alamun cewa tsohon reshe na kogin ya taɓa shiga bay zuwa kudu.<ref name=":0">{{EB1911|wstitle=Kunene|inline=yes}}</ref> == Rashin jituwa na madatsar ruwa == Gwamnatin Namibia ta ba da shawarar a ƙarshen shekarun 1990 don gina madatsar ruwan Epupa, madatsar ruwa mai rikitarwa a kan Cunene. A cikin 2012 Gwamnatocin Namibia da Angola sun ba da sanarwar shirye-shiryen hada kai don gina madatsar ruwan Orokawe a cikin Baynes Mountains. A cewar 'yan asalin Himba wanda ginin madatsar ruwan zai fi shafawa, madatsar ruwa za ta yi barazana ga tsarin halittu na gida sabili da haka tushen tattalin arzikin Himba. A watan Fabrairun 2012, shugabannin gargajiya na Himba sun ba da wata sanarwa ga [[Tarayyar Afrika|Tarayyar Afirka]] da [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ta 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkinobho, mai taken "Sanarwar Ovahimba, Ovatwa, Ovatjimba da Ovazemba da suka fi shafar a kan madatsar ruwan Orokawe a cikin Dutsen Baynes, " wanda ya tsara tsananin adawa da madatsar ruwa daga shugabannin gargajiya na gargajiya na Himbo da al'ummomin da ke zaune kusa da Kogin Kunene.<ref name="Galdu">{{Cite web |title=Indigenous Himba Appeal to UN to Fight Namibian Dam |url=http://www.galdu.org/web/index.php?odas=5638&giella1=eng |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017232022/http://www.galdu.org/web/index.php?odas=5638&giella1=eng |archive-date=October 17, 2013 |access-date=April 6, 2012 |publisher=galdu.org}}</ref><ref name="newsodrome">{{Cite web |title=Namibian Minority Groups Demand Their Rights |url=http://newsodrome.com/native_american_news/namibian-minority-groups-demand-their-rights-29917361 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017135555/http://newsodrome.com/native_american_news/namibian-minority-groups-demand-their-rights-29917361 |archive-date=October 17, 2013 |access-date=April 6, 2012 |publisher=newsodrome.com}}</ref><ref name="ep1061">{{Cite web |title=Declaration of the most affected Ovahimba, Ovatwa, Ovatjimba and Ovazemba against the Orokawe Dam in the Baynes Mountains |url=http://earthpeoples.org/blog/?p=1061 |access-date=April 6, 2012 |publisher=earthpeoples.org}}</ref> A watan Satumbar 2012, [[Mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] kan 'Yancin' 'Yan asalin ƙasar ya ziyarci Himba, kuma ya ji damuwarsu. A ranar 23 ga Nuwamba, 2012, daruruwan Himba da Zemba daga yankin Omuhonga da Epupa sun yi zanga-zanga a Okanguati game da shirin Namibia na gina madatsar ruwa a Kogin Kunene a cikin Dutsen Baynes, game da karuwar ayyukan hakar ma'adinai a ƙasarsu ta gargajiya da take hakkin dan adam a kansu.<ref name="Rebecca Sommer">{{Cite web |title=Namibia: Indigenous semi-nomadic Himba and Zemba march in protest against dam, mining and human rights violations |url=http://earthpeoples.org/blog/?p=2910=eng |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310002526/http://earthpeoples.org/blog/?p=2910=eng |archive-date=March 10, 2013 |access-date=November 24, 2012 |publisher=earthpeoples.org}}</ref> A ranar 25 ga Maris, 2013, sama da mutane dubu na Himba da Zemba sun yi tafiya a Opuwo <ref name="Earth Peoples">{{Cite web |title=German GIZ directly engaged with dispossessing indigenous peoples of their lands and territories in Namibia |url=http://earthpeoples.org/blog/?p=4151 |access-date=March 30, 2013 |publisher=earthpeoples.org}}</ref> don sake yin zanga-zanga game da shirye-shiryen Namibia na gina madatsar ruwan Orokawe a cikin Kogin Cunene ba tare da tuntuɓar 'yan asalin da ba su yarda da shirye-' yan ginin ba. <ref name="The Namibian">{{Cite web |title=Himba, Zemba reiterate 'no' to Baynes dam |url=http://www.namibian.com.na/news/full-story/archive/2013/march/article/himba-zemba-reiterate-no-to-baynes-dam/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329005913/http://www.namibian.com.na/news/full-story/archive/2013/march/article/himba-zemba-reiterate-no-to-baynes-dam |archive-date=March 29, 2013 |access-date=March 26, 2013 |publisher=Catherine Sasman for The Namibian}}</ref> Masu yawon bude ido suna yawan zuwa sansanoni ko gidaje a Epupa, wanda ke ba da wasanni na ruwa a kan kogi, gami da rafting da canoeing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KaokoHimba Safaris Namibia - Kaokoland, Epupa Falls Campsite, Himba People, Tours - Epupa Falls |url=http://www.kaoko-namibia.com/epupa_falls.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130422001005/http://www.kaoko-namibia.com/epupa_falls.html |archive-date=April 22, 2013 |access-date=March 23, 2013}}</ref> Tsohon itatuwan baobab suna girma a gefen gorge, kuma akwai kyakkyawan ra'ayi da aka kiyaye sosai sama da ƙauyen da faduwa. == Manazarta == ryhw5wziivqtt5nvjaudvoszgeoo6is 0 153148 842589 2026-05-29T16:26:44Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1181715490|Belonoglanis tenuis]]" 842589 wikitext text/x-wiki Belonoglanis tenuis wani nau'in kifi ne wanda aka samo a cikin [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]] inda yake faruwa a cikin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. Ya kai tsawon har zuwa 17.2 cm.&nbsp; == Bayani game da nau'ikan == === Girma === Belonoglanis tenuis yawanci yana auna a kusa da 17 centimeters. === Bayyanawa === Akwai jere guda ɗaya na faranti na ƙasusuwa daga dorsal fin zuwa caudal peduncle a saman jikin kifi. Belonoglanis tenuis yana da tsawo kuma yana da tsayi. Ba su da hakora. == Manazarta == gtmmx6x1dbk15x0wdo1dkw154mps49d 842591 842589 2026-05-29T16:27:04Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1181715490|Belonoglanis tenuis]]" 842591 wikitext text/x-wiki Belonoglanis tenuis wani nau'in kifi ne wanda aka samo a cikin [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]] inda yake faruwa a cikin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. Ya kai tsawon har zuwa 17.2 cm.&nbsp; == Bayani game da nau'ikan == === Girma === Belonoglanis tenuis yawanci yana auna a kusa da 17 centimeters. === Bayyanawa === Akwai jere guda ɗaya na faranti na ƙasusuwa daga dorsal fin zuwa caudal peduncle a saman jikin kifi. Belonoglanis tenuis yana da tsawo kuma yana da tsayi. Ba su da hakora. == Manazarta == *   * https://www.aquaticrepublic.com/common/species.php?species_id=360 ibgjf1a9fm4o66072zzet39fyflfda2 842593 842591 2026-05-29T16:27:23Z Pharouqenr 25549 842593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Belonoglanis tenuis wani nau'in kifi ne wanda aka samo a cikin [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]] inda yake faruwa a cikin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. Ya kai tsawon har zuwa 17.2 cm.&nbsp; == Bayani game da nau'ikan == === Girma === Belonoglanis tenuis yawanci yana auna a kusa da 17 centimeters. === Bayyanawa === Akwai jere guda ɗaya na faranti na ƙasusuwa daga dorsal fin zuwa caudal peduncle a saman jikin kifi. Belonoglanis tenuis yana da tsawo kuma yana da tsayi. Ba su da hakora. == Manazarta == *   * https://www.aquaticrepublic.com/common/species.php?species_id=360 sdj67s6u73kc9d7okc4ijdphpi61o5q 842594 842593 2026-05-29T16:27:36Z Pharouqenr 25549 842594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Belonoglanis tenuis wani nau'in kifi ne wanda aka samo a cikin [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]] inda yake faruwa a cikin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. Ya kai tsawon har zuwa 17.2 cm.&nbsp; == Bayani game da nau'ikan == === Girma === Belonoglanis tenuis yawanci yana auna a kusa da 17 centimeters. === Bayyanawa === Akwai jere guda ɗaya na faranti na ƙasusuwa daga dorsal fin zuwa caudal peduncle a saman jikin kifi. Belonoglanis tenuis yana da tsawo kuma yana da tsayi. Ba su da hakora. == Manazarta == * https://www.aquaticrepublic.com/common/species.php?species_id=360 mn8rmxutbhbzabi0lttvnfab5ems9ma 0 153149 842590 2026-05-29T16:26:54Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1295834112|Thompson Usiyan]]" 842590 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thompson Usiyan''' (27 Afrilu 1956 - 31 Agusta 2021) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . Yana da tarihin cin kwallaye a gasar NCAA Division I kuma ya buga a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Arewacin Amurka, gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta cikin gida ta Major Indoor Soccer League, gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka da kuma gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta cikin gida ta Continental Soccer League . Ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Olympics [[Najeriya|ta Najeriya]] wadda ta kauracewa gasar Olympics ta 1976. Ya buga wasanni da dama a [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya]] . == Aikin ƙuruciya == A shekarar 1976, an zaɓi Usiyan a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar Olympics ta Najeriya ta 1976. Duk da cewa ƙungiyar ta yi tafiya zuwa gasar Olympics, wadda aka gudanar a [[Montréal|Montreal, Quebec]], Kanada, amma ba ta fafata ba sakamakon kauracewa wasannin da ƙasashen Afirka da Larabawa suka yi. Usiyan ya zaɓi ya ci gaba da zama a Arewacin Amurka kuma ya sami tayin tallafin karatu don halartar Jami'ar Clemson, [[Jami'ar Howard]] da Jami'ar Jihar Appalachian . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Records Weren't Made to Be Broken |url=http://soconsports.com/sports/2005/9/21/189830.aspx |access-date=2021-10-13 |website=soconsports.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya zaɓi Appalachian inda ya kafa tarihin NCAA na kwallaye 109 a rayuwarsa. Usiyan ya kuma kafa tarihi ga mafi yawan maki a aikinsa (255), kwallaye a kakar wasa (46 a 1980), da maki a kakar wasa (108 a 1980). Shi ne ɗan wasan ƙungiyar Kudu na Shekara a 1977, '78, da '80. == Aikin kulob == A shekarar 1981, Usiyan ya sanya hannu da Montreal Manic na North American Soccer League . Manic din ya sayar da Usiyan ga Tulsa Roughnecks bayan kakar wasa ta 1982. Raunin da ya samu a ƙafa ya takaita shi ga wasanni goma sha ɗaya ga Roughnecks a shekarar 1983. Ƙungiyar ta sallame shi a ranar 11 ga Maris 1984. A ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1984, ya sanya hannu da Oklahoma City Stampede na United Soccer League . Ya jagoranci gasar wajen zura kwallaye kuma ya kare a matsayi na uku a teburin maki. A kaka ta 1984, ya sanya hannu da Minnesota Strikers na Major Indoor Soccer League . A shekarar 1985, ya koma wasan waje na ɗan lokaci lokacin da ya sanya hannu da Tulsa Tornados na USL, amma gasar ta ruguje bayan wasanni shida kacal. An yi wa Usiyan tiyatar arthroscopic daga baya a lokacin bazara, amma ya koma Strikers a kaka ta 1985 kuma ya yi kakar wasa biyu masu zuwa a Minnesota. A ranar 26 ga Maris 1987, Strikers sun sayar da Usiyan zuwa Los Angeles Lazers a madadin Greg Ion bayan Usiyan ya yi faɗa a ɗakin kabad da mai tsaron gidan Strikers Tino Lettieri . Usiyan ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da Lazers har zuwa kakar wasa ta 1987-88. Bai sake bugawa ba har sai da Maryland Bays ta American Soccer League ta sanya hannu a watan Yunin 1989. A lokacin da yake barin ƙwallon ƙafa, ya kammala karatunsa na kasuwanci a Appalachian State. A ranar 9 ga Agusta 1989, ya koma MISL lokacin da ya sanya hannu da St. Louis Storm . A lokacin kakar wasa biyu da ya yi a St. Louis, Usiyan ya fara aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan haraji. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shafe lokaci a matsayin akawu kuma bayan ya yi ritaya, ya zama cikakken mai ba da shawara kan haraji. A lokacin bazara na 1991, Usiyan ya buga wa Hamilton Steelers wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Kanada . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Thompson Usiyan soccer Statistics on StatsCrew.com |url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorsoccer/stats/p-usiyatho001 |access-date=2021-10-13 |website=www.statscrew.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Satumba, 1991, Storm ya sayar da Usiyan ga San Diego Sockers a musayar Branko Segota da zaɓin zaɓen zagaye na farko na Sockers 1992. gasar MISL ta 1992 tare da Sockers. A ranar Nuwamba, 1992, Usiyan ya sanya hannu tare da [[Alex Golovnia|St.]] Louis Ambush na Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon [[Nassim Olabi|...]] A ranar 10 ga Satumba 1993, ƙungiyar ta dakatar da Usiyan har abada saboda tarin katunan jan kati. A ranar 21 ga Yuni 1995, San Jose Grizzlies na CISL ta ɗauki Usiyan bayan da ƙungiyar ta ba shi izinin buga wasa. Ya yi ritaya har abada a ƙarshen kakar wasa. Usiyan shi ne ɗan wasa na goma sha shida da ya fi zura kwallaye a MISL a 1984–85 a matsayin memba na Minnesota Strikers, da maki 62 a wasanni 47. Ya kasance na goma sha biyar mafi kyau a kakar wasa bayan haka da maki 60 a gasa 40. Usiyan ya kammala na takwas a cin kwallaye a kakar wasa ta 1987–88 a matsayin memba na Los Angeles Lazers da maki 88 a wasanni 51. Ya kasance na shida mafi kyau a 1990–91 da maki 102 a wasanni 51 da ya buga wa St. Louis Storm . Usiyan yana cikin shugabannin a karo na ƙarshe (a kakar wasa ta ƙarshe) ya kammala na goma sha biyar da maki 57 a wasanni 40 da ya buga wa San Diego Sockers . An naɗa shi ɗan wasa mafi daraja a gasar Championship Series yayin da Sockers suka lashe gasar. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Usiyan ya buga wasanni da dama a Najeriya, ciki har da rashin nasara a hannun Algeria a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA a shekarar 1982 da ci 2-0 a ranar 10 ga Oktoba, 1981 a Legas . Ya zura kwallaye a wasansa na farko, a wasan sada zumunci da Kenya a shekarar 1976. [1] Usiyan ya kuma buga wa Najeriya wasa a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 1976 a Habasha . [2] Ya lashe lambar azurfa tare da tawagar Najeriya a wasannin All-Africa Games na 1978 a Algiers . Usiyan ya gina gidansa a San Diego inda yake mai ba da shawara kan haraji . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] 4uny9yg1ry1pxeasyhqz3x0jb7hlq1i 842592 842590 2026-05-29T16:27:16Z Sardeeq 39275 842592 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Thompson Usiyan''' (27 Afrilu 1956 - 31 Agusta 2021) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . Yana da tarihin cin kwallaye a gasar NCAA Division I kuma ya buga a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Arewacin Amurka, gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta cikin gida ta Major Indoor Soccer League, gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka da kuma gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta cikin gida ta Continental Soccer League . Ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Olympics [[Najeriya|ta Najeriya]] wadda ta kauracewa gasar Olympics ta 1976. Ya buga wasanni da dama a [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya]] . == Aikin ƙuruciya == A shekarar 1976, an zaɓi Usiyan a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar Olympics ta Najeriya ta 1976. Duk da cewa ƙungiyar ta yi tafiya zuwa gasar Olympics, wadda aka gudanar a [[Montréal|Montreal, Quebec]], Kanada, amma ba ta fafata ba sakamakon kauracewa wasannin da ƙasashen Afirka da Larabawa suka yi. Usiyan ya zaɓi ya ci gaba da zama a Arewacin Amurka kuma ya sami tayin tallafin karatu don halartar Jami'ar Clemson, [[Jami'ar Howard]] da Jami'ar Jihar Appalachian . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Records Weren't Made to Be Broken |url=http://soconsports.com/sports/2005/9/21/189830.aspx |access-date=2021-10-13 |website=soconsports.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya zaɓi Appalachian inda ya kafa tarihin NCAA na kwallaye 109 a rayuwarsa. Usiyan ya kuma kafa tarihi ga mafi yawan maki a aikinsa (255), kwallaye a kakar wasa (46 a 1980), da maki a kakar wasa (108 a 1980). Shi ne ɗan wasan ƙungiyar Kudu na Shekara a 1977, '78, da '80. == Aikin kulob == A shekarar 1981, Usiyan ya sanya hannu da Montreal Manic na North American Soccer League . Manic din ya sayar da Usiyan ga Tulsa Roughnecks bayan kakar wasa ta 1982. Raunin da ya samu a ƙafa ya takaita shi ga wasanni goma sha ɗaya ga Roughnecks a shekarar 1983. Ƙungiyar ta sallame shi a ranar 11 ga Maris 1984. A ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1984, ya sanya hannu da Oklahoma City Stampede na United Soccer League . Ya jagoranci gasar wajen zura kwallaye kuma ya kare a matsayi na uku a teburin maki. A kaka ta 1984, ya sanya hannu da Minnesota Strikers na Major Indoor Soccer League . A shekarar 1985, ya koma wasan waje na ɗan lokaci lokacin da ya sanya hannu da Tulsa Tornados na USL, amma gasar ta ruguje bayan wasanni shida kacal. An yi wa Usiyan tiyatar arthroscopic daga baya a lokacin bazara, amma ya koma Strikers a kaka ta 1985 kuma ya yi kakar wasa biyu masu zuwa a Minnesota. A ranar 26 ga Maris 1987, Strikers sun sayar da Usiyan zuwa Los Angeles Lazers a madadin Greg Ion bayan Usiyan ya yi faɗa a ɗakin kabad da mai tsaron gidan Strikers Tino Lettieri . Usiyan ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da Lazers har zuwa kakar wasa ta 1987-88. Bai sake bugawa ba har sai da Maryland Bays ta American Soccer League ta sanya hannu a watan Yunin 1989. A lokacin da yake barin ƙwallon ƙafa, ya kammala karatunsa na kasuwanci a Appalachian State. A ranar 9 ga Agusta 1989, ya koma MISL lokacin da ya sanya hannu da St. Louis Storm . A lokacin kakar wasa biyu da ya yi a St. Louis, Usiyan ya fara aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan haraji. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shafe lokaci a matsayin akawu kuma bayan ya yi ritaya, ya zama cikakken mai ba da shawara kan haraji. A lokacin bazara na 1991, Usiyan ya buga wa Hamilton Steelers wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Kanada . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Thompson Usiyan soccer Statistics on StatsCrew.com |url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorsoccer/stats/p-usiyatho001 |access-date=2021-10-13 |website=www.statscrew.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Satumba, 1991, Storm ya sayar da Usiyan ga San Diego Sockers a musayar Branko Segota da zaɓin zaɓen zagaye na farko na Sockers 1992. gasar MISL ta 1992 tare da Sockers. A ranar Nuwamba, 1992, Usiyan ya sanya hannu tare da [[Alex Golovnia|St.]] Louis Ambush na Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon [[Nassim Olabi|...]] A ranar 10 ga Satumba 1993, ƙungiyar ta dakatar da Usiyan har abada saboda tarin katunan jan kati. A ranar 21 ga Yuni 1995, San Jose Grizzlies na CISL ta ɗauki Usiyan bayan da ƙungiyar ta ba shi izinin buga wasa. Ya yi ritaya har abada a ƙarshen kakar wasa. Usiyan shi ne ɗan wasa na goma sha shida da ya fi zura kwallaye a MISL a 1984–85 a matsayin memba na Minnesota Strikers, da maki 62 a wasanni 47. Ya kasance na goma sha biyar mafi kyau a kakar wasa bayan haka da maki 60 a gasa 40. Usiyan ya kammala na takwas a cin kwallaye a kakar wasa ta 1987–88 a matsayin memba na Los Angeles Lazers da maki 88 a wasanni 51. Ya kasance na shida mafi kyau a 1990–91 da maki 102 a wasanni 51 da ya buga wa St. Louis Storm . Usiyan yana cikin shugabannin a karo na ƙarshe (a kakar wasa ta ƙarshe) ya kammala na goma sha biyar da maki 57 a wasanni 40 da ya buga wa San Diego Sockers . An naɗa shi ɗan wasa mafi daraja a gasar Championship Series yayin da Sockers suka lashe gasar. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Usiyan ya buga wasanni da dama a Najeriya, ciki har da rashin nasara a hannun Algeria a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA a shekarar 1982 da ci 2-0 a ranar 10 ga Oktoba, 1981 a Legas . Ya zura kwallaye a wasansa na farko, a wasan sada zumunci da Kenya a shekarar 1976. [1] Usiyan ya kuma buga wa Najeriya wasa a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 1976 a Habasha . [2] Ya lashe lambar azurfa tare da tawagar Najeriya a wasannin All-Africa Games na 1978 a Algiers . Usiyan ya gina gidansa a San Diego inda yake mai ba da shawara kan haraji . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] bpwus00fubn92jl5gnjkne3da7ihlik 0 153150 842595 2026-05-29T16:27:57Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355270314|Hydrocynus goliath]]" 842595 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Hydrocynus goliath'''''', wanda aka fi sani da goliath tigerfish, '''giant tigerfish''' ko '''mbenga''', babban nau'in kifi ne na ruwa mai laushi na Afirka a cikin iyalin Alestidae . Yana da asali a [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]] da [[Tafkin Tanganyika]] a Afirka. == Rarraba == Goliath tigerfish '' (''Hydrocynus'' goliath) '' yana ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan Afirka guda biyar na jinsin Hydrocynus kuma ana samunsa a cikin [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]] (ciki har da [[Kogin Lualaba]] da [[Tafkin Upemba]]), da [[Tafkin Tanganyika]] .<ref name="animalplanet">{{Cite web |title=Goliath Tigerfish (Hydrocynus goliath) |url=http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226050346/https://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-date=2019-02-26 |access-date=2021-12-31 |website=[[Animal Planet|animalplanet.com]] |publisher=[[Discovery Channel]]}}</ref> Irin wannan yanki shine birnin Mbandaka a cikin Main Congo, inda mai binciken Faransa Boulenger ya gano shi a cikin 1898. Yawanci ana samun su a cikin ruwan da ke gudana da sauri kamar waɗanda aka samu a cikin tashoshin kogi masu zurfi da tabkuna masu buɗewa, suna sa su masu iyo masu ƙarfi su iya kama ganima har ma a cikin ruwa mai rikitarwa. Wani binciken da aka yi a shekara ta 2011 wanda ya sake gina tarihin phylogenetic na jinsin ''Hydrocynus'' ta amfani da kwatancen kwayar halitta mai suna [[Clade|clades]]="cx-link" data-linkid="116" href="./Cytochrome_b" id="mwNQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Cytochrome b">Cytochrome b, ya bayyana nau'ikan mtDNA da yawa a wannan yankin, yana ba da shawarar wadatar nau'in tigerfish mafi girma fiye da yadda aka sani da al'ada. Binciken binciken ya nuna cewa ana iya hana yawan mutanen ''H. goliath'' daga warwatsewa a cikin geologic da suka gabata ta hanyar knickpoints, ko canje-canje masu mahimmanci a cikin gangaren gadon tashar, a cikin kogin Luvua. Wannan rigakafin warwatsewa zai ƙuntata ''H. goliath'' zuwa Kogin Kogin Kongo kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin kewayon zamani na jinsin.<ref name="Goodier">{{Cite journal |last=Goodier |first=Sarah A. M. |last2=Cotterill |first2=Fenton P. D. |last3=O'Ryan |first3=Colleen |last4=Skelton |first4=Paul H. |last5=de Wit |first5=Maarten J. |date=14 December 2011 |title=Cryptic Diversity of African Tigerfish (Genus Hydrocynus) Reveals Palaeogeographic Signatures of Linked Neogene Geotectonic Events |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=6 |issue=12 |bibcode=2011PLoSO...628775G |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0028775 |pmc=3237550 |pmid=22194910 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ƙarin nau'o'i huɗu (''H. vittatus'' da nau'o-in da ba a sani ba guda uku) sun bayyana a cikin wannan Basin, yayin da biyu (''H. vittatus'' da nau"in da ba'a sani ba) sun bayyana suna cikin Tafkin Tanganyika.<ref name="Goodier" /> Dangane da kwatancen jerin binciken, ''H. goliath'' yana da ƙananan bambancin nucleotide, yana nuna cewa yawan mutanen da ke akwai sun samo asali ne daga ƙananan ƙididdigar tarihi waɗanda suka sami saurin haɓaka [[yawan jama'a]] a wani lokaci a baya. Bugu da ƙari, babban darajar bambancin haplotype yana nuna cewa fadada ta na iya samun fadada kwanan nan a cikin yawan jama'arta da girman ta.<ref name="Goodier">{{Cite journal |last=Goodier |first=Sarah A. M. |last2=Cotterill |first2=Fenton P. D. |last3=O'Ryan |first3=Colleen |last4=Skelton |first4=Paul H. |last5=de Wit |first5=Maarten J. |date=14 December 2011 |title=Cryptic Diversity of African Tigerfish (Genus Hydrocynus) Reveals Palaeogeographic Signatures of Linked Neogene Geotectonic Events |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=6 |issue=12 |bibcode=2011PLoSO...628775G |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0028775 |pmc=3237550 |pmid=22194910 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Bayyanawa == [[Fayil:Hydrocynus_goliath_-_Poisson-chien_-_Aqua_porte_Dorée_05.JPG|left|thumb|Hanci na ''H. goliath'']] Goliath tigerfish yana da halayyar launin toka mai launin azurfa da flanks, tare da tsarin jiki mai kama da na tuna, wanda ke nuna fuka-fukan baki. An bayyana kifin tigerfish a matsayin "Mafijin Monster na Kongo" ta hanyar shirin fim na {{Cvt|2|m|ft|1}} na National Geographic, wanda ke nuna halayensa masu kama da dodanni da kuma fahimtarsa ta mutanen yankin da mafarauta. Wannan babban kifi mai cin nama yana girma zuwa matsakaicin tsawon {{Cvt|1.5|m|ft}} da nauyin {{Cvt|50|kg|lbs}} . Mafi girman samfurin da aka rubuta ya auna {{Cvt|154|lb}} kg (154 , kuma suna iya kaiwa matsakaicin tsawon da aka rubuta kusan 2 ft), yana mai da su mafi girma daga cikin kifin tigerfish na jinsin Hydrocynus. <ref name="animalplanet">{{Cite web |title=Goliath Tigerfish (Hydrocynus goliath) |url=http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226050346/https://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-date=2019-02-26 |access-date=2021-12-31 |website=[[Animal Planet|animalplanet.com]] |publisher=[[Discovery Channel]]}}</ref> Baya ga kasancewa mafi girma girman jiki na jinsinsu, suna da manyan hakora masu ban mamaki. Saboda yanayin da suke da shi, suna da hakoran pharyngeal masu kyau kamar na sharks da piranhas. Hanyoyin su suna rarraba tare da jaw kuma suna kama da wuka don sauƙaƙa cinyewa daga kifin ganima ko fashe ganima zuwa ƙananan ɓangarori don narkewa. Premaxilla yana riƙe da hakora shida zuwa bakwai yayin da hakora ko ƙananan jaw ke riƙe da biyar, don jimlar hakora 12 zuwa 20 na sama tare da hakora 8 zuwa 14 na ƙasa. Hanyoyinta sun dace da hanyoyi daban-daban tare da jaw, suna haɗuwa tare da ƙananan hakora da aka samu a bayan jaw. A cikin kowane ma'auni na jaw, ana maye gurbin dukkan hakora a lokaci guda a cikin kimanin kwanaki biyar. A matsakaici kowane hakora na iya girma har zuwa {{Cvt|1|in|cm}} in), a cewar masanin kimiyyar halitta da mai gabatar da talabijin Jeremy Wade, <ref name="animalplanet">{{Cite web |title=Goliath Tigerfish (Hydrocynus goliath) |url=http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226050346/https://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-date=2019-02-26 |access-date=2021-12-31 |website=[[Animal Planet|animalplanet.com]] |publisher=[[Discovery Channel]]}}</ref> wanda ya dace da girman hakora na Babban White shark. Wadannan manyan jaws da hakora sune abin da ke sa wannan nau'in ya bambanta da duk sauran kifin tigerfish na jinsin Hydrocynus kuma yana sa sauƙin ganewa, musamman idan aka ba da endemism ga Congo Basin. == Haihuwa == [[Fayil:Hydrocynus_goliath.jpg|thumb|Matashi na ''H. goliath'']] Duk da kasancewa mafi yawan mafarauta masu zaman kansu, mace tigerfish suna ƙaura tare kuma suna haifuwa kusa da juna a bakin kogi ko bakin tafkuna. Ana sa dubban ƙwai a cikin tsiro mai tsayi don kare ƙwai da yara daga masu cin nama, saboda kifin tigerfish ba iyaye ne masu kulawa ba. Kifi na jarirai suna cin abinci a kan dabba a lokacin da suke da tsutsa kafin su sauya zuwa ƙananan kifi kuma a ƙarshe abinci mai girma na kifi mafi girma. Ƙananan kifi suna girma a hankali, matsakaicin inci huɗu zuwa shida na girma a kowace shekara. Zai iya ɗaukar har zuwa shekaru goma don ƙaramin kifi na tigerfish ya kai cikakkiyar girmansa. == Manazarta == stvk4pkuen9wc13lifdhi2xudvodpgp 842597 842595 2026-05-29T16:28:16Z Pharouqenr 25549 842597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Hydrocynus goliath'''''', wanda aka fi sani da goliath tigerfish, '''giant tigerfish''' ko '''mbenga''', babban nau'in kifi ne na ruwa mai laushi na Afirka a cikin iyalin Alestidae . Yana da asali a [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]] da [[Tafkin Tanganyika]] a Afirka. == Rarraba == Goliath tigerfish '' (''Hydrocynus'' goliath) '' yana ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan Afirka guda biyar na jinsin Hydrocynus kuma ana samunsa a cikin [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]] (ciki har da [[Kogin Lualaba]] da [[Tafkin Upemba]]), da [[Tafkin Tanganyika]] .<ref name="animalplanet">{{Cite web |title=Goliath Tigerfish (Hydrocynus goliath) |url=http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226050346/https://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-date=2019-02-26 |access-date=2021-12-31 |website=[[Animal Planet|animalplanet.com]] |publisher=[[Discovery Channel]]}}</ref> Irin wannan yanki shine birnin Mbandaka a cikin Main Congo, inda mai binciken Faransa Boulenger ya gano shi a cikin 1898. Yawanci ana samun su a cikin ruwan da ke gudana da sauri kamar waɗanda aka samu a cikin tashoshin kogi masu zurfi da tabkuna masu buɗewa, suna sa su masu iyo masu ƙarfi su iya kama ganima har ma a cikin ruwa mai rikitarwa. Wani binciken da aka yi a shekara ta 2011 wanda ya sake gina tarihin phylogenetic na jinsin ''Hydrocynus'' ta amfani da kwatancen kwayar halitta mai suna [[Clade|clades]]="cx-link" data-linkid="116" href="./Cytochrome_b" id="mwNQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Cytochrome b">Cytochrome b, ya bayyana nau'ikan mtDNA da yawa a wannan yankin, yana ba da shawarar wadatar nau'in tigerfish mafi girma fiye da yadda aka sani da al'ada. Binciken binciken ya nuna cewa ana iya hana yawan mutanen ''H. goliath'' daga warwatsewa a cikin geologic da suka gabata ta hanyar knickpoints, ko canje-canje masu mahimmanci a cikin gangaren gadon tashar, a cikin kogin Luvua. Wannan rigakafin warwatsewa zai ƙuntata ''H. goliath'' zuwa Kogin Kogin Kongo kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin kewayon zamani na jinsin.<ref name="Goodier">{{Cite journal |last=Goodier |first=Sarah A. M. |last2=Cotterill |first2=Fenton P. D. |last3=O'Ryan |first3=Colleen |last4=Skelton |first4=Paul H. |last5=de Wit |first5=Maarten J. |date=14 December 2011 |title=Cryptic Diversity of African Tigerfish (Genus Hydrocynus) Reveals Palaeogeographic Signatures of Linked Neogene Geotectonic Events |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=6 |issue=12 |bibcode=2011PLoSO...628775G |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0028775 |pmc=3237550 |pmid=22194910 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ƙarin nau'o'i huɗu (''H. vittatus'' da nau'o-in da ba a sani ba guda uku) sun bayyana a cikin wannan Basin, yayin da biyu (''H. vittatus'' da nau"in da ba'a sani ba) sun bayyana suna cikin Tafkin Tanganyika.<ref name="Goodier" /> Dangane da kwatancen jerin binciken, ''H. goliath'' yana da ƙananan bambancin nucleotide, yana nuna cewa yawan mutanen da ke akwai sun samo asali ne daga ƙananan ƙididdigar tarihi waɗanda suka sami saurin haɓaka [[yawan jama'a]] a wani lokaci a baya. Bugu da ƙari, babban darajar bambancin haplotype yana nuna cewa fadada ta na iya samun fadada kwanan nan a cikin yawan jama'arta da girman ta.<ref name="Goodier">{{Cite journal |last=Goodier |first=Sarah A. M. |last2=Cotterill |first2=Fenton P. D. |last3=O'Ryan |first3=Colleen |last4=Skelton |first4=Paul H. |last5=de Wit |first5=Maarten J. |date=14 December 2011 |title=Cryptic Diversity of African Tigerfish (Genus Hydrocynus) Reveals Palaeogeographic Signatures of Linked Neogene Geotectonic Events |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=6 |issue=12 |bibcode=2011PLoSO...628775G |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0028775 |pmc=3237550 |pmid=22194910 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Bayyanawa == [[Fayil:Hydrocynus_goliath_-_Poisson-chien_-_Aqua_porte_Dorée_05.JPG|left|thumb|Hanci na ''H. goliath'']] Goliath tigerfish yana da halayyar launin toka mai launin azurfa da flanks, tare da tsarin jiki mai kama da na tuna, wanda ke nuna fuka-fukan baki. An bayyana kifin tigerfish a matsayin "Mafijin Monster na Kongo" ta hanyar shirin fim na {{Cvt|2|m|ft|1}} na National Geographic, wanda ke nuna halayensa masu kama da dodanni da kuma fahimtarsa ta mutanen yankin da mafarauta. Wannan babban kifi mai cin nama yana girma zuwa matsakaicin tsawon {{Cvt|1.5|m|ft}} da nauyin {{Cvt|50|kg|lbs}} . Mafi girman samfurin da aka rubuta ya auna {{Cvt|154|lb}} kg (154 , kuma suna iya kaiwa matsakaicin tsawon da aka rubuta kusan 2 ft), yana mai da su mafi girma daga cikin kifin tigerfish na jinsin Hydrocynus. <ref name="animalplanet">{{Cite web |title=Goliath Tigerfish (Hydrocynus goliath) |url=http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226050346/https://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-date=2019-02-26 |access-date=2021-12-31 |website=[[Animal Planet|animalplanet.com]] |publisher=[[Discovery Channel]]}}</ref> Baya ga kasancewa mafi girma girman jiki na jinsinsu, suna da manyan hakora masu ban mamaki. Saboda yanayin da suke da shi, suna da hakoran pharyngeal masu kyau kamar na sharks da piranhas. Hanyoyin su suna rarraba tare da jaw kuma suna kama da wuka don sauƙaƙa cinyewa daga kifin ganima ko fashe ganima zuwa ƙananan ɓangarori don narkewa. Premaxilla yana riƙe da hakora shida zuwa bakwai yayin da hakora ko ƙananan jaw ke riƙe da biyar, don jimlar hakora 12 zuwa 20 na sama tare da hakora 8 zuwa 14 na ƙasa. Hanyoyinta sun dace da hanyoyi daban-daban tare da jaw, suna haɗuwa tare da ƙananan hakora da aka samu a bayan jaw. A cikin kowane ma'auni na jaw, ana maye gurbin dukkan hakora a lokaci guda a cikin kimanin kwanaki biyar. A matsakaici kowane hakora na iya girma har zuwa {{Cvt|1|in|cm}} in), a cewar masanin kimiyyar halitta da mai gabatar da talabijin Jeremy Wade, <ref name="animalplanet">{{Cite web |title=Goliath Tigerfish (Hydrocynus goliath) |url=http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226050346/https://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/river-monsters/fish-guide/goliath-tigerfish/ |archive-date=2019-02-26 |access-date=2021-12-31 |website=[[Animal Planet|animalplanet.com]] |publisher=[[Discovery Channel]]}}</ref> wanda ya dace da girman hakora na Babban White shark. Wadannan manyan jaws da hakora sune abin da ke sa wannan nau'in ya bambanta da duk sauran kifin tigerfish na jinsin Hydrocynus kuma yana sa sauƙin ganewa, musamman idan aka ba da endemism ga Congo Basin. == Haihuwa == [[Fayil:Hydrocynus_goliath.jpg|thumb|Matashi na ''H. goliath'']] Duk da kasancewa mafi yawan mafarauta masu zaman kansu, mace tigerfish suna ƙaura tare kuma suna haifuwa kusa da juna a bakin kogi ko bakin tafkuna. Ana sa dubban ƙwai a cikin tsiro mai tsayi don kare ƙwai da yara daga masu cin nama, saboda kifin tigerfish ba iyaye ne masu kulawa ba. Kifi na jarirai suna cin abinci a kan dabba a lokacin da suke da tsutsa kafin su sauya zuwa ƙananan kifi kuma a ƙarshe abinci mai girma na kifi mafi girma. Ƙananan kifi suna girma a hankali, matsakaicin inci huɗu zuwa shida na girma a kowace shekara. Zai iya ɗaukar har zuwa shekaru goma don ƙaramin kifi na tigerfish ya kai cikakkiyar girmansa. == Manazarta == 3n4qfcxxcnjvs73jewc4chb0gn6p53v 0 153151 842598 2026-05-29T16:28:40Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1317320187|Maringa-Lopori-Wamba Landscape]]" 842598 wikitext text/x-wiki Yankin [[Kogin Maringa|Maringa]]-[[Kogin Lopori|Lopori]]-Wamba (MLW) wuri ne mai kula da muhalli a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] a cikin tafkin Maringa / Lopori . {{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} Tun daga shekara ta 1973 ƙungiyar Jafananci tana binciken yawan Bonobo kusa da ƙauyen Wamba, kuma an kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Luo a cikin shekara ta 1990. Koyaya, an dakatar da bincike bayan rikice-rikicen siyasa ya fara a 1991 sannan yaƙin basasa ya biyo baya a 1997, ya sake dawowa ne kawai a tsakiyar 2000s.{{Sfn|Kimura|2009}} == Wurin da yake == Dajin Marina-Lopori-Wamba (MLW) Tsarin ƙasa ya ƙunshi {{Convert|74000|km2|sqmi}} a arewa-tsakiyar Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo. {{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} An kiyasta cewa yawan jama'ar da aka kiyasta a shekarar 2007 ya kai 586,732 tare da yawan mazauna 8 a kowace kilomita ^2. Akwai mazauna 2-4 a kowace kilomita ² a cikin yankunan da aka tsara ko kuma waɗanda ke da kariya da kuma mazauna 31.8 a kowace kilomita ² a cikin yankin Sylvo-Agro-Pastoral da aka tsara. {{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Congo_concessions.JPG|thumb|Kamfanonin izinin Congo Free State, ABIR da aka nuna a cikin ja mai duhu]] Jama'ar yankin a cikin MLW sun kasance manoma na [[Doya|yam]] da [[Rogo|cassava]] waɗanda ke kasuwanci tare da masunta kogi da mafarauta.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} A shekara ta 1885 dakarun mutanen [[Manyema]], mabiyan [[Tippu Tip]], mai sayar da bayi na [[Mutanen Swahili|Swahili]]-[[Zanzibar|Zanzibari]], sun isa kan Kogin Lopori daga Stanley Falls. Sun yi garkuwa da mutane daga ƙauyukan da ke kusa don fansa don dawo da hauren giwa. A shekara ta 1892 sun sanya mutanen yankin cikin sojojin su kuma sun mallaki dukkan rabin gabashin kwandon.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} Masu gudanarwa na Belgium na Jihar Congo Free sun damu da wannan ci gaba, kuma, a cikin 1889, sun kafa Dokar Monopoly, wanda ya bayyana cewa duk samfuran da ke yankin za su kasance a ƙarƙashin ikonsu kadai. Har ila yau, Free State ta fara kamfen don fitar da bayi, 'yan kasuwa da Manyema daga yankin, matakin farko wanda shine kafa tashar samarwa a [[Basankusu]], a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1890. {{Sfn|Harms|1983}} Dukan kwandon ya kasance a ƙarƙashin ikon Free State a shekara ta 1898. {{Sfn|Harms|1983}} Free State ta fara karbar haraji, wanda za'a biya shi da hauren giwa, amma nan da nan ya sauya zuwa roba na daji.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} A watan Satumbar 1892, Free State tana amfani da sojojinta don kai hari da mamaye ƙauyuka a cikin kwarin kogin [[Kogin Lulonga|Lulonga]] da Maringa don fadada tushen harajin ta.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} [[Fayil:ABIR_company_posts.svg|thumb|Kamfanin ABIR ya sanya shi a cikin izinin]] An ba da izinin yin amfani da roba ga [[Kamfanin Abir Congo]], wanda ya kafa hedkwatarsa a Basankusu, a cikin 1893. Matsayinta a mahaɗar Maringa da Lopori, ya ba da damar ABIR ta faɗaɗa tare da waɗannan koguna da masu ba da gudummawa, ta kafa sabbin wurare a hanya.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} Kamfanin ya kafa mukamai a ko'ina cikin yankin, wanda jami'an suka fi biyan su a kan kwamiti kuma sun yi amfani da hanyoyin zalunci don tilasta wa mazauna ƙauyen su biya harajin roba. Kokarin tattara roba bai bar isasshen lokaci don noma ba, kuma mazauna ƙauyen sun fara fama da rashin abinci mai gina jiki da yunwa. Cututtukan da ke mutuwa, irin su kyanda da rashin lafiya mai barci, suma sun bazu a yankin. Don adana lokaci, masu girbi sun koma yanke tsire-tsire na roba don samun ruwan su. Rahotanni game da cin zarafin sun jagoranci Free State don gudanar da bincike game da halin Abir, kuma, a cikin 1905, don dawo da izinin. Ba da daɗewa ba, ba tare da sauran tsire-tsire ba, an soke harajin roba.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} == Barazanar == MLW Landscape yana cikin ɗayan ƙananan ɓangarorin da suka fi nisa na [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]]. Mazauna suna daga cikin mafi talauci a Afirka, dangane da albarkatun kasa don biyan bukatunsu na asali.{{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} Yawancin mutane suna rayuwa ta hanyar aikin gona da ƙonewa, kuma suna dogaro da [[Naman daji|nama na daji]] kamar [[Beguwa|Porcupine]], sitatunga, da alade na gandun daji don furotin.{{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} Amfanin gona na kuɗi sun haɗa da [[masara]], [[Rogo|cassava]] da peanuts.{{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} Yawan jama'a da ke ƙaruwa yana ƙara damuwa a kan muhalli, kuma akwai haɗarin farfado da katako wanda zai iya cutar da ikon ƙasar don ci gaba da mutane kuma zai iya lalata bambancin halittu.{{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} Cibiyoyin cikin gida da na kasa da kasa karkashin jagorancin Gidauniyar namun daji ta Afirka (AWF) kwanan nan sun fara haɓaka shirin amfani da ƙasa mai ɗorewa ga MLW. Shirin yana da niyyar tabbatar da cewa ana biyan bukatun tattalin arziki da al'adu na mazauna yayin kiyaye muhalli. Hanyar ta haɗu da Tsarin Kula da Zuciya na AWF da Shirin Kula da Muhalli na Yankin Afirka ta Tsakiya (CARPE). Ana amfani da kayan aiki iri-iri ciki har da bincike, hira da mutanen yankin da fassarar hoton tauraron dan adam.{{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} == Manazarta == 56j2bffy2dbqurhltnngdnrnibq4543 842599 842598 2026-05-29T16:29:10Z Pharouqenr 25549 842599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Yankin [[Kogin Maringa|Maringa]]-[[Kogin Lopori|Lopori]]-Wamba (MLW) wuri ne mai kula da muhalli a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] a cikin tafkin Maringa / Lopori . {{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} Tun daga shekara ta 1973 ƙungiyar Jafananci tana binciken yawan Bonobo kusa da ƙauyen Wamba, kuma an kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Luo a cikin shekara ta 1990. Koyaya, an dakatar da bincike bayan rikice-rikicen siyasa ya fara a 1991 sannan yaƙin basasa ya biyo baya a 1997, ya sake dawowa ne kawai a tsakiyar 2000s.{{Sfn|Kimura|2009}} == Wurin da yake == Dajin Marina-Lopori-Wamba (MLW) Tsarin ƙasa ya ƙunshi {{Convert|74000|km2|sqmi}} a arewa-tsakiyar Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo. {{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} An kiyasta cewa yawan jama'ar da aka kiyasta a shekarar 2007 ya kai 586,732 tare da yawan mazauna 8 a kowace kilomita ^2. Akwai mazauna 2-4 a kowace kilomita ² a cikin yankunan da aka tsara ko kuma waɗanda ke da kariya da kuma mazauna 31.8 a kowace kilomita ² a cikin yankin Sylvo-Agro-Pastoral da aka tsara. {{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Congo_concessions.JPG|thumb|Kamfanonin izinin Congo Free State, ABIR da aka nuna a cikin ja mai duhu]] Jama'ar yankin a cikin MLW sun kasance manoma na [[Doya|yam]] da [[Rogo|cassava]] waɗanda ke kasuwanci tare da masunta kogi da mafarauta.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} A shekara ta 1885 dakarun mutanen [[Manyema]], mabiyan [[Tippu Tip]], mai sayar da bayi na [[Mutanen Swahili|Swahili]]-[[Zanzibar|Zanzibari]], sun isa kan Kogin Lopori daga Stanley Falls. Sun yi garkuwa da mutane daga ƙauyukan da ke kusa don fansa don dawo da hauren giwa. A shekara ta 1892 sun sanya mutanen yankin cikin sojojin su kuma sun mallaki dukkan rabin gabashin kwandon.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} Masu gudanarwa na Belgium na Jihar Congo Free sun damu da wannan ci gaba, kuma, a cikin 1889, sun kafa Dokar Monopoly, wanda ya bayyana cewa duk samfuran da ke yankin za su kasance a ƙarƙashin ikonsu kadai. Har ila yau, Free State ta fara kamfen don fitar da bayi, 'yan kasuwa da Manyema daga yankin, matakin farko wanda shine kafa tashar samarwa a [[Basankusu]], a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1890. {{Sfn|Harms|1983}} Dukan kwandon ya kasance a ƙarƙashin ikon Free State a shekara ta 1898. {{Sfn|Harms|1983}} Free State ta fara karbar haraji, wanda za'a biya shi da hauren giwa, amma nan da nan ya sauya zuwa roba na daji.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} A watan Satumbar 1892, Free State tana amfani da sojojinta don kai hari da mamaye ƙauyuka a cikin kwarin kogin [[Kogin Lulonga|Lulonga]] da Maringa don fadada tushen harajin ta.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} [[Fayil:ABIR_company_posts.svg|thumb|Kamfanin ABIR ya sanya shi a cikin izinin]] An ba da izinin yin amfani da roba ga [[Kamfanin Abir Congo]], wanda ya kafa hedkwatarsa a Basankusu, a cikin 1893. Matsayinta a mahaɗar Maringa da Lopori, ya ba da damar ABIR ta faɗaɗa tare da waɗannan koguna da masu ba da gudummawa, ta kafa sabbin wurare a hanya.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} Kamfanin ya kafa mukamai a ko'ina cikin yankin, wanda jami'an suka fi biyan su a kan kwamiti kuma sun yi amfani da hanyoyin zalunci don tilasta wa mazauna ƙauyen su biya harajin roba. Kokarin tattara roba bai bar isasshen lokaci don noma ba, kuma mazauna ƙauyen sun fara fama da rashin abinci mai gina jiki da yunwa. Cututtukan da ke mutuwa, irin su kyanda da rashin lafiya mai barci, suma sun bazu a yankin. Don adana lokaci, masu girbi sun koma yanke tsire-tsire na roba don samun ruwan su. Rahotanni game da cin zarafin sun jagoranci Free State don gudanar da bincike game da halin Abir, kuma, a cikin 1905, don dawo da izinin. Ba da daɗewa ba, ba tare da sauran tsire-tsire ba, an soke harajin roba.{{Sfn|Harms|1983}} == Barazanar == MLW Landscape yana cikin ɗayan ƙananan ɓangarorin da suka fi nisa na [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]]. Mazauna suna daga cikin mafi talauci a Afirka, dangane da albarkatun kasa don biyan bukatunsu na asali.{{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} Yawancin mutane suna rayuwa ta hanyar aikin gona da ƙonewa, kuma suna dogaro da [[Naman daji|nama na daji]] kamar [[Beguwa|Porcupine]], sitatunga, da alade na gandun daji don furotin.{{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} Amfanin gona na kuɗi sun haɗa da [[masara]], [[Rogo|cassava]] da peanuts.{{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} Yawan jama'a da ke ƙaruwa yana ƙara damuwa a kan muhalli, kuma akwai haɗarin farfado da katako wanda zai iya cutar da ikon ƙasar don ci gaba da mutane kuma zai iya lalata bambancin halittu.{{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} Cibiyoyin cikin gida da na kasa da kasa karkashin jagorancin Gidauniyar namun daji ta Afirka (AWF) kwanan nan sun fara haɓaka shirin amfani da ƙasa mai ɗorewa ga MLW. Shirin yana da niyyar tabbatar da cewa ana biyan bukatun tattalin arziki da al'adu na mazauna yayin kiyaye muhalli. Hanyar ta haɗu da Tsarin Kula da Zuciya na AWF da Shirin Kula da Muhalli na Yankin Afirka ta Tsakiya (CARPE). Ana amfani da kayan aiki iri-iri ciki har da bincike, hira da mutanen yankin da fassarar hoton tauraron dan adam.{{Sfn|Dupain et al. 2008}} == Manazarta == 9i35srhuumruwxrsaxsflcte7q9auqo 0 153152 842600 2026-05-29T16:30:13Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355334712|Mesoborus]]" 842600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Mesoborus crocodilus 2.jpg|image_caption=|status=LC|status_system=IUCN3.1|status_ref=<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Moelants, T. |author-link=Tuur Moelants |year=2010 |title=''Mesoborus crocodilus'' |article-number=e.T181593A7686273 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T181593A7686273.en |access-date=15 May 2025}}</ref>|parent_authority=[[Jacques Pellegrin|Pellegrin]], 1900|taxon=Mesoborus crocodilus|authority=[[Jacques Pellegrin|Pellegrin]], 1900|synonyms=''Champsoborus pellegrini'' <small>[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger]], 1909</small>|synonyms_ref=<ref name = "Cof genus"/>}} '''''Mesoborus''''' nau'in kifi ne mai kama da na ruwa mai kama da na ruwa wanda ke cikin dangin Distichodontidae . Nau'in kifi ɗaya tilo a cikin wannan nau'in shine '''''Mesoborus crocodilus''''' Ya kai har zuwa {{Cvt|25|cm}} a tsayin da aka saba . Kwararren mai cin kifi ne (ba mai cin kifi ba, kamar yadda wasu daga cikin danginsa suka yi). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lavoué, S. |last2=M.E. Arnegard |last3=D.L. Rabosky |last4=P.B. McIntyre |last5=D. Arcila |last6=R.P. Vari |last7=M. Nishida |year=2017 |title=Trophic evolution in African citharinoid fishes (Teleostei: Characiformes) and the origin of intraordinal pterygophagy |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=113 |pages=23–32 |bibcode=2017MolPE.113...23L |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2017.05.001 |pmid=28478196}}</ref> Yana farauta ta hanyar jira ba tare da motsi ba a saman sannan ya yi karo da abin farauta (mafarauci mai kai hari). Ana kiran ''Mesoborus crocodilus'' da crocodilus tetra duk da cewa ba hukuma ba ce. == Manazarta == 701yl3v4apn0muhdzwsh61etqvohg9i 842602 842600 2026-05-29T16:31:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 842602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Mesoborus''''' nau'in kifi ne mai kama da na ruwa mai kama da na ruwa wanda ke cikin dangin Distichodontidae . Nau'in kifi ɗaya tilo a cikin wannan nau'in shine '''''Mesoborus crocodilus''''' Ya kai har zuwa {{Cvt|25|cm}} a tsayin da aka saba . Kwararren mai cin kifi ne (ba mai cin kifi ba, kamar yadda wasu daga cikin danginsa suka yi). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lavoué, S. |last2=M.E. Arnegard |last3=D.L. Rabosky |last4=P.B. McIntyre |last5=D. Arcila |last6=R.P. Vari |last7=M. Nishida |year=2017 |title=Trophic evolution in African citharinoid fishes (Teleostei: Characiformes) and the origin of intraordinal pterygophagy |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=113 |pages=23–32 |bibcode=2017MolPE.113...23L |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2017.05.001 |pmid=28478196}}</ref> Yana farauta ta hanyar jira ba tare da motsi ba a saman sannan ya yi karo da abin farauta (mafarauci mai kai hari). Ana kiran ''Mesoborus crocodilus'' da crocodilus tetra duk da cewa ba hukuma ba ce. == Manazarta == 64t8zi03g1jag2475sjk6p0mpvv6tme 0 153153 842601 2026-05-29T16:30:39Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1311451907|Igho Otegheri]]" 842601 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Igho Otegheri''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 1983, a [[Najeriya]] ) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya. Ya buga wa Heartland FC wasa. == Sana'a == Otegheri ya fara aikinsa da [[Wikki Tourists F.C.|Wikki Tourists]] a shekarar 2004 kafin ya koma [[Enugu Rangers]] na tsawon shekaru biyu. Sannan ya sanya hannu da [[Dolphin FC (Nijeriya)|Dolphins FC]] a shekarar 2007. Daga baya Otegheri ya koma Heartland FC, [1] inda ya buga wasa har zuwa 22 ga Janairu 2009 lokacin da ya koma Beitar Jerusalem FC [2] tare da ɗan ƙasarsa Anderson West . [3] An sallame shi daga kwangilarsa a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2009 kuma ya koma Heartland FC [4] == Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa == Otegheri ya kasance memba na [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Super Eagles]], wasansa na farko ya faru ne a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu 2003 a wasan da suka yi da Costa Rica <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria -Super Eagles |url=https://digilander.libero.it/mrfoos/news2.htm |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=digilander.libero.it}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ya auri 'yar wasan tsere ta Najeriya [[Blessing Okagbare]] a watan Satumba na 2014. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] jcegizficot19xmm2durxxl6ih2xtdi 842603 842601 2026-05-29T16:31:06Z Sardeeq 39275 842603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Igho Otegheri''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 1983, a [[Najeriya]] ) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya. Ya buga wa Heartland FC wasa. == Sana'a == Otegheri ya fara aikinsa da [[Wikki Tourists F.C.|Wikki Tourists]] a shekarar 2004 kafin ya koma [[Enugu Rangers]] na tsawon shekaru biyu. Sannan ya sanya hannu da [[Dolphin FC (Nijeriya)|Dolphins FC]] a shekarar 2007. Daga baya Otegheri ya koma Heartland FC, [1] inda ya buga wasa har zuwa 22 ga Janairu 2009 lokacin da ya koma Beitar Jerusalem FC [2] tare da ɗan ƙasarsa Anderson West . [3] An sallame shi daga kwangilarsa a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2009 kuma ya koma Heartland FC [4] == Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa == Otegheri ya kasance memba na [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Super Eagles]], wasansa na farko ya faru ne a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu 2003 a wasan da suka yi da Costa Rica <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria -Super Eagles |url=https://digilander.libero.it/mrfoos/news2.htm |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=digilander.libero.it}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ya auri 'yar wasan tsere ta Najeriya [[Blessing Okagbare]] a watan Satumba na 2014. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] o0dvrnec7vamtku18n9325pfflu8vr1 0 153154 842604 2026-05-29T16:36:47Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355876204|Mokele-mbembe]]" 842604 wikitext text/x-wiki A cikin tatsuniyoyin Bantu da yawa, '''mokele-mbembe''' (wanda aka rubuta a matsayin "mokèlé-mbèmbé") wani abu ne mai zaman kansa wanda aka yi imanin cewa ya wanzu a cikin [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]]. An bayyana shi daban-daban a matsayin halitta mai rarrafe, ruhu, ko memba na zuriyar sauropods. A farkon zuwa tsakiyar karni na 20, mahallin ya zama abin da ake mayar da hankali tsakanin masu bin cryptozoology da matasa duniya halitta, wanda ya haifar da balaguro da yawa da ke karkashin jagorancin cryptozoologists kuma sau da yawa matasa masu kirkirar duniya da sauran kungiyoyi ke tallafawa tare da manufar samun shaidar da ke sokewa ko saba wa yarjejeniyar kimiyya game da ka'idar juyin halitta. Masanin ilimin halittu Donald Prothero ya ce "neman Mokele-Mbembe ... wani bangare ne na kokarin da masu kirkirar halitta ke yi na kawar da ka'idar juyin halitta da koyar da kimiyya ta kowace hanya". Bugu da ƙari, Prothero ya lura cewa "mutane ne kawai da ke neman mokele-mbembe su ne ministocin halitta, ba masu ilimin halittu ba". Koyaya, a cikin shekarun 1940, Roy Mackal, masanin ilimin halittu daga Jami'ar Chicago, ya gudanar da tafiye-tafiye da yawa don gano shaidar dabba da shaidar ido ta bayyana shi: "Tushen ya kasance kamar maciji, dogon wutsiya mai laushi, da kuma jiki wanda ya yi kusa da girman giwa, ko aƙalla na hippopotamus. Ƙafafunsu gajere ne, tare da ƙafafun baya suna da ƙusa uku. Dabbobi suna da launin ruwan kasa a launi, kuma suna da murfin zakara wanda ke gudana daga saman kai zuwa bayan wuyansa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Funnell |first=Rachael |date=2023-08-03 |title=Mokele-Mbembe: The "Living Dinosaurs" People Thought Lived In The Congo |url=https://www.iflscience.com/mokele-mbembe-the-living-dinosaurs-people-thought-lived-in-the-congo-70121 |access-date=2025-10-18 |website=IFLScience |language=en}}</ref> Koyaya, babu wani balaguro da ya sami shaidar dabba ban da shaidar shaidar shaidu na ido. Yawancin masana na al'ada sun yi imanin cewa mokele-mbembe, kamar yadda 'yan asalin Kongo suka ruwaito, mai yiwuwa ne ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar baƙar fata, wanda ya taɓa bunƙasa a yankin. Masanin tarihi Edward Guimont ya yi jayayya cewa tatsuniyar mokele-mbembe ta samo asali ne daga ikirarin da aka yi a baya game da Babban Zimbabwe, kuma hakan ya rinjayi ka'idar makircin dabbobi daga baya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Guimont |first=Edward |date=18 March 2019 |title=Hunting Dinosaurs in Central Africa |url=https://contingentmag.org/2019/03/18/hunting-dinosaurs-africa/ |access-date=9 August 2020 |website=Contingent Magazine |language=en}}</ref> An kuma yi la'akari da shi a matsayin "rabi giwa, rabin dragon" halitta ta rahotanni daban-daban.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Gold |first=Simon |date=2024-07-08 |title=The Legend of Mokele-Mbembe: Africa’s Hidden Dinosaur |url=https://www.discoveryuk.com/mysteries/the-legend-of-mokele-mbembe-africas-hidden-dinosaur/ |access-date=2026-04-03 |website=Discovery UK |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == === Karni na 20 === Tushen: <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 March 2017 |title=History of Mokele Mbembe And Expeditions To Africa |url=http://thedailyjournalist.com/the-historian/history-of-mokele-mbembe-and-expeditions-to-africa/ |website=The Daily Journalist}}</ref> Rahoton farko na mokele-mbembe ya fito ne Kyaftin din Jamus {{Interlanguage link|Ludwig Freiherr von Stein zu Lausnitz|de}} [de], kamar yadda Willy Ley ya bayyana a cikin littafin The Lungfish and the Unicorn (1941). An umarci Von Stein da ya gudanar da bincike kan yankunan Jamus a cikin abin da ke yanzu [[Kamaru]] a 1913. Ya ji labarun wani babban dabba mai rarrafe da ake kira "Mokele-mbembe" wanda ake zargin yana zaune a cikin daji, kuma ya haɗa da bayanin a cikin rahoton hukuma. A cewar Ley, "von Stein ya rubuta rahotonsa da taka tsantsan," da sanin cewa ana iya ganin shi a matsayin abin mamaki. Duk da haka, von Stein ya yi tunanin labarun sun kasance masu gaskiya: amintattun jagororin 'yan asalin sun ba da labarin gare shi, kuma labaran suna da alaƙa da shi ta hanyar tushe masu zaman kansu, duk da haka suna nuna yawancin bayanai iri ɗaya. Kodayake ba a taɓa buga rahoton von Stein a hukumance ba, Ley ya nakalto von Stein a rubuce:<blockquote>An ce dabbar tana da launin ruwan kasa-gris tare da fata mai santsi, girmansa kusan na [[giwa]] ne; aƙalla na Hippopotamus. An ce yana da wuyansa mai tsawo kuma mai sassauci sosai kuma haƙori ɗaya kawai amma mai tsawo sosai; ''wasu suna cewa ƙaho ne''. Wasu kalilan sun yi magana game da dogon wutsiya mai tsayi kamar na alligator. Jiragen ruwa da ke kusa da shi an ce an yi musu hukunci; an ce dabbar ta kai hari kan tasoshin nan da nan kuma ta kashe ma'aikatan amma ba tare da cin gawawwakin ba. An ce wannan halittar tana zaune a cikin koguna da kogin ya wanke a cikin yumɓu na bakin tekun a kan karkata. An ce yana hawa bakin teku har ma da rana don neman abinci; an ce abincinsa gaba ɗaya kayan lambu ne. Wannan fasalin bai yarda da yiwuwar bayani a matsayin almara ba. An nuna mini shuka da aka fi so, wani nau'in liana ne tare da manyan fararen furanni, tare da ruwan madara da 'ya'yan itace masu kama da [[Tuffa|apple]]. A Kogin Ssombo an nuna mini hanyar da aka ce wannan dabba ta yi don samun abincinsa. Hanyar ta kasance sap kuma akwai tsire-tsire na irin wannan da aka bayyana a kusa. Amma tunda akwai waƙoƙi da yawa na giwaye, hippos, da sauran manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa ba zai yiwu a fitar da takamaiman alamar tare da tabbaci ba.</blockquote> 9akw9wzaugddog7j33sc0b9541haasf 842605 842604 2026-05-29T16:37:06Z Pharouqenr 25549 842605 wikitext text/x-wiki A cikin tatsuniyoyin Bantu da yawa, '''mokele-mbembe''' (wanda aka rubuta a matsayin "mokèlé-mbèmbé") wani abu ne mai zaman kansa wanda aka yi imanin cewa ya wanzu a cikin [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]]. An bayyana shi daban-daban a matsayin halitta mai rarrafe, ruhu, ko memba na zuriyar sauropods. A farkon zuwa tsakiyar karni na 20, mahallin ya zama abin da ake mayar da hankali tsakanin masu bin cryptozoology da matasa duniya halitta, wanda ya haifar da balaguro da yawa da ke karkashin jagorancin cryptozoologists kuma sau da yawa matasa masu kirkirar duniya da sauran kungiyoyi ke tallafawa tare da manufar samun shaidar da ke sokewa ko saba wa yarjejeniyar kimiyya game da ka'idar juyin halitta. Masanin ilimin halittu Donald Prothero ya ce "neman Mokele-Mbembe ... wani bangare ne na kokarin da masu kirkirar halitta ke yi na kawar da ka'idar juyin halitta da koyar da kimiyya ta kowace hanya". Bugu da ƙari, Prothero ya lura cewa "mutane ne kawai da ke neman mokele-mbembe su ne ministocin halitta, ba masu ilimin halittu ba". Koyaya, a cikin shekarun 1940, Roy Mackal, masanin ilimin halittu daga Jami'ar Chicago, ya gudanar da tafiye-tafiye da yawa don gano shaidar dabba da shaidar ido ta bayyana shi: "Tushen ya kasance kamar maciji, dogon wutsiya mai laushi, da kuma jiki wanda ya yi kusa da girman giwa, ko aƙalla na hippopotamus. Ƙafafunsu gajere ne, tare da ƙafafun baya suna da ƙusa uku. Dabbobi suna da launin ruwan kasa a launi, kuma suna da murfin zakara wanda ke gudana daga saman kai zuwa bayan wuyansa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Funnell |first=Rachael |date=2023-08-03 |title=Mokele-Mbembe: The "Living Dinosaurs" People Thought Lived In The Congo |url=https://www.iflscience.com/mokele-mbembe-the-living-dinosaurs-people-thought-lived-in-the-congo-70121 |access-date=2025-10-18 |website=IFLScience |language=en}}</ref> Koyaya, babu wani balaguro da ya sami shaidar dabba ban da shaidar shaidar shaidu na ido. Yawancin masana na al'ada sun yi imanin cewa mokele-mbembe, kamar yadda 'yan asalin Kongo suka ruwaito, mai yiwuwa ne ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar baƙar fata, wanda ya taɓa bunƙasa a yankin. Masanin tarihi Edward Guimont ya yi jayayya cewa tatsuniyar mokele-mbembe ta samo asali ne daga ikirarin da aka yi a baya game da Babban Zimbabwe, kuma hakan ya rinjayi ka'idar makircin dabbobi daga baya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Guimont |first=Edward |date=18 March 2019 |title=Hunting Dinosaurs in Central Africa |url=https://contingentmag.org/2019/03/18/hunting-dinosaurs-africa/ |access-date=9 August 2020 |website=Contingent Magazine |language=en}}</ref> An kuma yi la'akari da shi a matsayin "rabi giwa, rabin dragon" halitta ta rahotanni daban-daban.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Gold |first=Simon |date=2024-07-08 |title=The Legend of Mokele-Mbembe: Africa’s Hidden Dinosaur |url=https://www.discoveryuk.com/mysteries/the-legend-of-mokele-mbembe-africas-hidden-dinosaur/ |access-date=2026-04-03 |website=Discovery UK |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == === Karni na 20 === Tushen: <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 March 2017 |title=History of Mokele Mbembe And Expeditions To Africa |url=http://thedailyjournalist.com/the-historian/history-of-mokele-mbembe-and-expeditions-to-africa/ |website=The Daily Journalist}}</ref> Rahoton farko na mokele-mbembe ya fito ne Kyaftin din Jamus {{Interlanguage link|Ludwig Freiherr von Stein zu Lausnitz|de}} [de], kamar yadda Willy Ley ya bayyana a cikin littafin The Lungfish and the Unicorn (1941). An umarci Von Stein da ya gudanar da bincike kan yankunan Jamus a cikin abin da ke yanzu [[Kamaru]] a 1913. Ya ji labarun wani babban dabba mai rarrafe da ake kira "Mokele-mbembe" wanda ake zargin yana zaune a cikin daji, kuma ya haɗa da bayanin a cikin rahoton hukuma. A cewar Ley, "von Stein ya rubuta rahotonsa da taka tsantsan," da sanin cewa ana iya ganin shi a matsayin abin mamaki. Duk da haka, von Stein ya yi tunanin labarun sun kasance masu gaskiya: amintattun jagororin 'yan asalin sun ba da labarin gare shi, kuma labaran suna da alaƙa da shi ta hanyar tushe masu zaman kansu, duk da haka suna nuna yawancin bayanai iri ɗaya. Kodayake ba a taɓa buga rahoton von Stein a hukumance ba, Ley ya nakalto von Stein a rubuce:<blockquote>An ce dabbar tana da launin ruwan kasa-gris tare da fata mai santsi, girmansa kusan na [[giwa]] ne; aƙalla na Hippopotamus. An ce yana da wuyansa mai tsawo kuma mai sassauci sosai kuma haƙori ɗaya kawai amma mai tsawo sosai; ''wasu suna cewa ƙaho ne''. Wasu kalilan sun yi magana game da dogon wutsiya mai tsayi kamar na alligator. Jiragen ruwa da ke kusa da shi an ce an yi musu hukunci; an ce dabbar ta kai hari kan tasoshin nan da nan kuma ta kashe ma'aikatan amma ba tare da cin gawawwakin ba. An ce wannan halittar tana zaune a cikin koguna da kogin ya wanke a cikin yumɓu na bakin tekun a kan karkata. An ce yana hawa bakin teku har ma da rana don neman abinci; an ce abincinsa gaba ɗaya kayan lambu ne. Wannan fasalin bai yarda da yiwuwar bayani a matsayin almara ba. An nuna mini shuka da aka fi so, wani nau'in liana ne tare da manyan fararen furanni, tare da ruwan madara da 'ya'yan itace masu kama da [[Tuffa|apple]]. A Kogin Ssombo an nuna mini hanyar da aka ce wannan dabba ta yi don samun abincinsa. Hanyar ta kasance sap kuma akwai tsire-tsire na irin wannan da aka bayyana a kusa. Amma tunda akwai waƙoƙi da yawa na giwaye, hippos, da sauran manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa ba zai yiwu a fitar da takamaiman alamar tare da tabbaci ba.</blockquote> == Manazarta == i4g63i1dkmdkbtc90c6hdktn66dylsu 0 153155 842606 2026-05-29T16:37:28Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1315285495|Synodontis pleurops]]" 842606 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Synodontis pleurops''''', wanda aka fi sani da Congo squeaker, bigeye squeaker , ko kwari da ke da idanu synodontis, wani nau'in kifi ne na asali a saman Congo Basin na [[Kamaru]], [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] da [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]] . Masanin ilimin dabbobi na Belgium-Birtaniya George Albert Boulenger ne ya fara bayyana shi a cikin 1899, bisa ga wani hoton da aka gano a Boyoma Falls, a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo.<ref>Boulenger, George Albert (1909). Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British museum (Natural history). London: British Museum. pp. 466–468</ref> == Bayyanawa == Jikin kifin yana da launin ruwan kasa kuma yana da tabo, tare da gefen launin ruwan kasa a kan lobes na caudal fin. Yana da fari a ƙasa. An san nau'in ne saboda babban kansa da idanunsa. Yayin da mutane suka tsufa launuka suna raguwa. Kamar sauran mambobin jinsin, wannan kifi yana da tsari na humeral, wanda shine ƙashin ƙashi wanda aka haɗa shi da ƙuƙwalwar kai a kan kifi kuma ana iya ganinsa ya wuce bayan buɗewar gill. Hasken farko na dorsal fin da pectoral fins suna da hasken farko mai tauri wanda yake mai santsi a gaba kuma yana da sassauci a baya, dan kadan fiye da kai. Finin caudal yana da zurfi sosai. Yana da gajeren hakora masu kama da kwano a cikin jaw na sama. A cikin ƙananan jaw, hakora suna da siffar s kuma suna iya motsawa. Kifi yana da nau'i biyu na dogon barbels, wanda ya wuce operculum, da nau'o'i biyu da ke da rassa. Finin mai ƙiba karami ne, sau 2 zuwa 3 idan zurfin ya kasance. An nuna fuka-fukan hanci. Wannan nau'in yana girma har zuwa {{Convert|23|cm|in}} SL kodayake samfuran har zuwa {{Convert|32.5|cm|in}} An yi rikodin TL a cikin daji. == Gida == A cikin daji, jinsin suna zaune a cikin ruwan zafi tare da kewayon zafin jiki na 22 zuwa 26 ° C (72 zuwa 79 ° F), pH na 6.0 - 7.0, da kuma dH kewayon har zuwa 10. An samo shi a ko'ina cikin kogin Kongo, ban da tsarin Kogin Luapula. == Manazarta == anywa6b8wq15aq4ocrfgs9d1scltgn8 842607 842606 2026-05-29T16:37:47Z Pharouqenr 25549 842607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Synodontis pleurops''''', wanda aka fi sani da Congo squeaker, bigeye squeaker , ko kwari da ke da idanu synodontis, wani nau'in kifi ne na asali a saman Congo Basin na [[Kamaru]], [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] da [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]] . Masanin ilimin dabbobi na Belgium-Birtaniya George Albert Boulenger ne ya fara bayyana shi a cikin 1899, bisa ga wani hoton da aka gano a Boyoma Falls, a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo.<ref>Boulenger, George Albert (1909). Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British museum (Natural history). London: British Museum. pp. 466–468</ref> == Bayyanawa == Jikin kifin yana da launin ruwan kasa kuma yana da tabo, tare da gefen launin ruwan kasa a kan lobes na caudal fin. Yana da fari a ƙasa. An san nau'in ne saboda babban kansa da idanunsa. Yayin da mutane suka tsufa launuka suna raguwa. Kamar sauran mambobin jinsin, wannan kifi yana da tsari na humeral, wanda shine ƙashin ƙashi wanda aka haɗa shi da ƙuƙwalwar kai a kan kifi kuma ana iya ganinsa ya wuce bayan buɗewar gill. Hasken farko na dorsal fin da pectoral fins suna da hasken farko mai tauri wanda yake mai santsi a gaba kuma yana da sassauci a baya, dan kadan fiye da kai. Finin caudal yana da zurfi sosai. Yana da gajeren hakora masu kama da kwano a cikin jaw na sama. A cikin ƙananan jaw, hakora suna da siffar s kuma suna iya motsawa. Kifi yana da nau'i biyu na dogon barbels, wanda ya wuce operculum, da nau'o'i biyu da ke da rassa. Finin mai ƙiba karami ne, sau 2 zuwa 3 idan zurfin ya kasance. An nuna fuka-fukan hanci. Wannan nau'in yana girma har zuwa {{Convert|23|cm|in}} SL kodayake samfuran har zuwa {{Convert|32.5|cm|in}} An yi rikodin TL a cikin daji. == Gida == A cikin daji, jinsin suna zaune a cikin ruwan zafi tare da kewayon zafin jiki na 22 zuwa 26 ° C (72 zuwa 79 ° F), pH na 6.0 - 7.0, da kuma dH kewayon har zuwa 10. An samo shi a ko'ina cikin kogin Kongo, ban da tsarin Kogin Luapula. == Manazarta == to0aofw4l2qthokpxv5gjjh1mfwhu9p 0 153156 842608 2026-05-29T16:38:10Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1295841288|List of crossings of the Congo River]]" 842608 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan jerin gadoji ne da kuma ƙetare jirgin ruwa na '''[[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]''' da manyan masu goyon bayansa. == Hanyar wucewa == {| class="wikitable" !Hanyar wucewa !Irin wannan !Wurin da yake !Kogin !Ranar da aka buɗe !Jiha !Ma'auni na Lat. Tsawon lokaci. |- |[[Babbar Matadi]] |gada da gada |Kongo ta Tsakiya, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] |1983 |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|5|49|28|S|13|26|2|E|}} |- |Babbar gada ta Kongolo |gada da gada |Lardin Tanganyika, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |1939/1968 |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|5|20|50|S|27|0|34|E|}} |- |Babbar gadar Kabalo |gada da gada |Lardin Tanganyika, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |1956 |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|6|8|26|S|26|55|24|E|}} |- |[[Bukama Bridge|Babbar gadar Bukama]] |gadar jirgin kasa |Haut-Lomami, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |1928 |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|9|11|42|S|25|51|25|E|}} |- |Babbar hanyar Bukama |Babbar hanyar |Haut-Lomami, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|9|11|5|S|25|49|25|E|}} |- |Ginin Kisenda |gadar jirgin kasa |Lardin Lualaba, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|10|46|53|S|25|43|32|E|}} |- |Babbar hanyar Kisenda |Babbar hanyar |Lardin Lualaba, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|10|46|52|S|25|43|31|E|}} |- |Babbar Niangara |Babbar hanyar |Haut-Uele, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Uele|Uele]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|41|48|N|27|53|44|E}} |- |[[Dungu Bridge]] |Babbar hanyar |Haut-Uele, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Kibali|Kibali]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|36|53|N|28|33|42|E}} |- |[[Kalimva Bridge|Babbar Kalimva]] |Babbar hanyar |Haut-Uele, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Kibali|Kibali]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|6|14.6|N|29|33|13.3|E}} |- |[[Pont-Kwango Bridge|Babbar gada ta Pont-Kwango]] |Babbar hanyar |Kwango, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Kwango|Kwango]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|4|39|36.4|S|16|31|24.9|E}} |- |[[Luebo Bridge|Babbar gada ta Luebo]] |Babbar hanyar |Kasai, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|5|20|10.4|S|21|24|49.7|E}} |- |[[Kananga Bridge|Babbar Kananga]] |Babbar hanyar |Kasai, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|5|54|19.6|S|22|18|48.4|E}} |- |[[Sanduwa Bridge|Babbar Sanduwa]] |Babbar hanyar |Kasai, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|9|41|39.3|S|22|51|31.1|E}} |- |[[Diongo Bridge|Babbar Diongo]] |gada da gada |Kasai, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|10|37|29.5|S|22|51|14.9|E}} |- |[[Kinganga Ferry|Jirgin ruwa na Kinganga]] |jirgin ruwa |Kongo ta Tsakiya, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|5|17|20.4|S|13|44|13.0|E}} |- |[[Luozi Ferry|Jirgin ruwa na Luozi]] |jirgin ruwa |Kongo ta Tsakiya, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|4|57|3.3|S|14|9|6.9|E}} |- |Babbar Brazzaville-Kinshasa |gada da gada |Brazzaville, [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]] ta Tsakiya, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]]<br /> |[[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] |2028 |a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin jirgin ruwa |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|4|57|3.3|S|14|9|6.9|E}} |- |Isangi |jirgin ruwa |Tshopo, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|0|48|0.8|N|24|16|31.8|E}} |- |Ubundu |jirgin ruwa |Tshopo, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|18|33.9|S|17|35|18.5|E}} |- |[[Bendela]] |jirgin ruwa |Tshopo, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |Kasai |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|0|22|17.7|S|25|26|8.3|E}} |- | rowspan="2" |Bandundu | rowspan="2" |jirgin ruwa | rowspan="2" |Lardin Kwilu, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] | rowspan="2" |[[Kogin Kwilu|Kwilu]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|18|36.6|S|17|21|46.4|E}} |- |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|23|10.8|S|17|23|52.3|E}} |- | rowspan="2" |Bagata | rowspan="2" |jirgin ruwa | rowspan="2" |Lardin Kwilu, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] | rowspan="2" |[[Kogin Kwilu|Kwilu]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|44|7.5|S|17|57|3.3|E}} |- |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|44|12.3|S|17|57|9.7|E}} |- |PopoKanaka |jirgin ruwa |Lardin Kwango, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Kwango|Kwango]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|4|19|0.3|S|20|02|0.7|E}} |- |Ruwa |jirgin ruwa |Lardin Kasai, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Loange|Ruwa]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|4|19|0.3|S|20|02|0.7|E}} |} == Tushen == * Taswirar Google sr64hxf9d5vlvtipppf8ffbmfty3an2 842609 842608 2026-05-29T16:39:20Z Pharouqenr 25549 842609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Wannan jerin gadoji ne da kuma ƙetare jirgin ruwa na '''[[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]''' da manyan masu goyon bayansa. == Hanyar wucewa == {| class="wikitable" !Hanyar wucewa !Irin wannan !Wurin da yake !Kogin !Ranar da aka buɗe !Jiha !Ma'auni na Lat. Tsawon lokaci. |- |[[Babbar Matadi]] |gada da gada |Kongo ta Tsakiya, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] |1983 |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|5|49|28|S|13|26|2|E|}} |- |Babbar gada ta Kongolo |gada da gada |Lardin Tanganyika, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |1939/1968 |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|5|20|50|S|27|0|34|E|}} |- |Babbar gadar Kabalo |gada da gada |Lardin Tanganyika, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |1956 |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|6|8|26|S|26|55|24|E|}} |- |[[Bukama Bridge|Babbar gadar Bukama]] |gadar jirgin kasa |Haut-Lomami, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |1928 |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|9|11|42|S|25|51|25|E|}} |- |Babbar hanyar Bukama |Babbar hanyar |Haut-Lomami, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|9|11|5|S|25|49|25|E|}} |- |Ginin Kisenda |gadar jirgin kasa |Lardin Lualaba, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|10|46|53|S|25|43|32|E|}} |- |Babbar hanyar Kisenda |Babbar hanyar |Lardin Lualaba, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|10|46|52|S|25|43|31|E|}} |- |Babbar Niangara |Babbar hanyar |Haut-Uele, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Uele|Uele]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|41|48|N|27|53|44|E}} |- |[[Dungu Bridge]] |Babbar hanyar |Haut-Uele, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Kibali|Kibali]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|36|53|N|28|33|42|E}} |- |[[Kalimva Bridge|Babbar Kalimva]] |Babbar hanyar |Haut-Uele, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Kibali|Kibali]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|6|14.6|N|29|33|13.3|E}} |- |[[Pont-Kwango Bridge|Babbar gada ta Pont-Kwango]] |Babbar hanyar |Kwango, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Kwango|Kwango]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|4|39|36.4|S|16|31|24.9|E}} |- |[[Luebo Bridge|Babbar gada ta Luebo]] |Babbar hanyar |Kasai, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|5|20|10.4|S|21|24|49.7|E}} |- |[[Kananga Bridge|Babbar Kananga]] |Babbar hanyar |Kasai, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|5|54|19.6|S|22|18|48.4|E}} |- |[[Sanduwa Bridge|Babbar Sanduwa]] |Babbar hanyar |Kasai, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|9|41|39.3|S|22|51|31.1|E}} |- |[[Diongo Bridge|Babbar Diongo]] |gada da gada |Kasai, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] |? |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|10|37|29.5|S|22|51|14.9|E}} |- |[[Kinganga Ferry|Jirgin ruwa na Kinganga]] |jirgin ruwa |Kongo ta Tsakiya, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|5|17|20.4|S|13|44|13.0|E}} |- |[[Luozi Ferry|Jirgin ruwa na Luozi]] |jirgin ruwa |Kongo ta Tsakiya, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|4|57|3.3|S|14|9|6.9|E}} |- |Babbar Brazzaville-Kinshasa |gada da gada |Brazzaville, [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]] ta Tsakiya, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]]<br /> |[[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] |2028 |a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin jirgin ruwa |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|4|57|3.3|S|14|9|6.9|E}} |- |Isangi |jirgin ruwa |Tshopo, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|0|48|0.8|N|24|16|31.8|E}} |- |Ubundu |jirgin ruwa |Tshopo, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Lualaba|Lualaba]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|18|33.9|S|17|35|18.5|E}} |- |[[Bendela]] |jirgin ruwa |Tshopo, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |Kasai |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|0|22|17.7|S|25|26|8.3|E}} |- | rowspan="2" |Bandundu | rowspan="2" |jirgin ruwa | rowspan="2" |Lardin Kwilu, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] | rowspan="2" |[[Kogin Kwilu|Kwilu]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|18|36.6|S|17|21|46.4|E}} |- |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|23|10.8|S|17|23|52.3|E}} |- | rowspan="2" |Bagata | rowspan="2" |jirgin ruwa | rowspan="2" |Lardin Kwilu, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] | rowspan="2" |[[Kogin Kwilu|Kwilu]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|44|7.5|S|17|57|3.3|E}} |- |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|3|44|12.3|S|17|57|9.7|E}} |- |PopoKanaka |jirgin ruwa |Lardin Kwango, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Kwango|Kwango]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|4|19|0.3|S|20|02|0.7|E}} |- |Ruwa |jirgin ruwa |Lardin Kasai, [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] |[[Kogin Loange|Ruwa]] |n/a |bude |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|4|19|0.3|S|20|02|0.7|E}} |} == Tushen == * Taswirar Google 6g46c53janjkipgelo1uwp53pr36h26 0 153157 842610 2026-05-29T16:39:52Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332795391|Basile Chiefdom]]" 842610 wikitext text/x-wiki Babban Birnin Basile ([[Faransanci]]: Chefferie de Basile) wani birni ne da ke cikin Yankin Mwenga na Lardin Kivu ta Kudu a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=33–40 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=De La Présentation De La Chefferie De Basile |trans-title=Regarding the Presentation of the Basile Chiefdom |url=https://chefferiebasile.org/?page_id=220 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=Chefferiebasile.org |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ya mamaye yanki na kimanin murabba'in kilomita 2,113 kuma yana da ƙididdigar yawan jama'a 140,352 a cikin 2022. <ref name=":03">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=36 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Muzalia |first=Godefroid |last2=Mizumbi |first2=Jean de Dieu |last3=Muzalia |first3=Pierre-Yves |date=January 2025 |title=Économie politique de la chefferie de Basile en territoire de Mwenga (Sud-Kivu) |trans-title=Political Economy of the Basile Chiefdom in Mwenga Territory (South Kivu) |url=https://www.gicnetwork.be/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/25_Economie-politique-de-la-Chefferie-de-Basile-en-territoire-de-Mwenga.pdf |access-date=23 September 2025 |website=Gicnetwork.be |publisher=Governance in Conflict Network (GIC) |pages=5–6 |language=fr |publication-place=Ghent, Belgium}}</ref> shugabanci yana da iyaka da Kogin Ulindi a arewa, Yankin Itombwe a kudu, Luindi da Burnhé zuwa gabas, da Kogin Zalya da Wamuzimu a yamma.<ref name=":3" /> Mutanen Lega ne suka fi zama, wadanda al'ummominsu suka kai lardunan Kivu ta Kudu, Maniema, da Arewacin Kivu, shugabanci ya bambanta da tsarin zamantakewa da aka shirya a kusa da cibiyoyin kamar ''Bwami'' da ''Bwali''. <ref name=":032">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=35 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> A fannin gudanarwa, Basile Chiefdom an raba shi zuwa ''ƙungiyoyi'' goma (ƙungiyoyi) kuma yana aiki a matsayin hedkwatar yankin Mwenga kuma ta haka ne cibiyar siyasa da ayyukan gudanarwa.<ref name=":03" /><ref name=":3" /> Yankin shugabanci ya kunshi mafi yawa [[Gandun Daji|gandun daji]] da gandun daji masu itatuwa, ban da yankuna kamar ƙungiyar Banamochas da wani ɓangare na Bashimwenda, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da al'adu da Bushi, kuma yankin yana tallafawa kiyaye halittu ta hanyar haɗa shi a cikin Itombwe Nature Reserve . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Muzalia |first=Godefroid |last2=Mizumbi |first2=Jean de Dieu |last3=Muzalia |first3=Pierre-Yves |date=January 2025 |title=Économie politique de la chefferie de Basile en territoire de Mwenga (Sud-Kivu) |trans-title=Political Economy of the Basile Chiefdom in Mwenga Territory (South Kivu) |url=https://www.gicnetwork.be/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/25_Economie-politique-de-la-Chefferie-de-Basile-en-territoire-de-Mwenga.pdf |access-date=23 September 2025 |website=Gicnetwork.be |publisher=Governance in Conflict Network (GIC) |pages=5–6 |language=fr |publication-place=Ghent, Belgium}}</ref> [[Kongo Swahili|Swahili]] yana aiki ne a matsayin harshen magana tare da [[Harshen Lega|Lega]], wanda ake magana da shi a cikin gida.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Territoire de Mwenga |trans-title=Mwenga Territory |url=https://www.caid.cd/index.php/donnees-par-province-administrative/province-de-sud-kivu/territoire-de-mwenga/?secteur=fiche |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424082720/https://www.caid.cd/index.php/donnees-par-province-administrative/province-de-sud-kivu/territoire-de-mwenga/?secteur=fiche |archive-date=24 April 2021 |access-date=22 September 2025 |website=Caid.cd |publisher=Cellule d'Analyses des Indicateurs de Développement (CAID) |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> Basile Chiefdom kuma sananne ne ga ma'adanai da masu hakar ma'adinai ke amfani da su, yayin da wurin da yake kusa da gandun daji na Itombwe ya fallasa shi ga rashin tsaro da ke da alaƙa da kasancewar kungiyoyin makamai. <ref name=":3" /> == Yanayin ƙasa == Babban Birnin Basile yana cikin yankin gabashin DRC, yana da iyaka da [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] da [[Burundi]]. An san shi da wurare daban-daban, wanda ya haɗa da tuddai masu kyau, [[Ƙorama|kwari]], da tsaunuka. Yankin yana da matsakaiciyar tsawo, tsakanin mita 800 zuwa 1600, kuma yana da tsaunuka masu faɗi tare da faɗakarwa, kwari masu laushi. Duk da yake kasancewar duwatsu yana da iyaka kuma ya warwatse a duk yankin, shugabanci yana alfahari da gandun daji mai yawa, wanda ya ƙunshi kashi biyu bisa uku na ƙasarsa. Sauran ɓangaren an ƙawata shi da ciyayi mai laushi.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=De La Présentation De La Chefferie De Basile |trans-title=Regarding the Presentation of the Basile Chiefdom |url=https://chefferiebasile.org/?page_id=220 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=Chefferiebasile.org |language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=33–40 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref> === Ilimin ruwa === Shugabanci yana da [[Jikin Ruwa|ruwa]] ta wurin kasancewar rafi da [[Korama|koguna]] da yawa, daga cikinsu shahararrun sun hada da Kikuzi, Lulimunyu, Kyoka, Lushiga, Kilimata, Mwana, Kasitenge, Bilahile, Kizumbe, Namusindiki, da Zalya. Wadannan ruwa suna samar da mahimmin tushen ruwa ga yankin. Ba zato ba tsammani, Lokacin ruwan sama yana kawo cibiyar sadarwa ta wucin gadi da na yanayi na tashoshi da raƙuman ruwa. Wadannan [[Kogi|koguna]] kuma suna aiki a matsayin iyakoki na halitta a arewa maso yamma, musamman a yankin Itombwe. Adadin [[Ma'adanai na ruwa|albarkatun ruwa]] a yankin yana nuna yiwuwar ruwan kasa, gami da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=33–40 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=De La Présentation De La Chefferie De Basile |trans-title=Regarding the Presentation of the Basile Chiefdom |url=https://chefferiebasile.org/?page_id=220 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=Chefferiebasile.org |language=fr-FR}}</ref> === Yanayi === Babban Birnin Basile, tare da dukan Yankin Mwenga, yana cikin yankin [[Yanayin zafi|zafi]] da zafi, wanda ke da [[Ruwan sama]] mai yawa tsakanin 1600 da 2200 mm a kowace shekara. A yammacin ɓangaren, yanayin zafi yana da yawa, yayin da ɓangaren gabas ke jin daɗin Yanayi mai sauƙi saboda tasirin matsakaici na tsawo. Shugabanci yana fuskantar yanayi biyu daban-daban. Lokacin fari yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni uku, daga Yuni zuwa Agusta. A wannan lokacin, iska mai bushewa da sanyaya tana busawa, tare da yanayin zafi mai sauƙi. Bayan lokacin fari, yankin ya shiga Lokacin ruwan sama, wanda ya kai kimanin watanni tara, daga Satumba zuwa Mayu. Farawar lokacin ruwan sama ana sanar da shi ta hanyar [[Ruwan sama|Ruwan sama mai yawa]], sau da yawa ana kiransa ruwan sama mai tsanani. Iska tana hurawa mai zafi da zafi, tana mamayewa daga gabas zuwa yamma, kuma daga kudu zuwa arewa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=33–40 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=De La Présentation De La Chefferie De Basile |trans-title=Regarding the Presentation of the Basile Chiefdom |url=https://chefferiebasile.org/?page_id=220 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=Chefferiebasile.org |language=fr-FR}}</ref>&nbsp; === Ilimin ƙasa === Yankin yana da alama ta ƙasa mai fitattun wuta wanda ya samo asali ne daga basalt da aka samo a ko'ina cikin tsaunin Mwenga-Kadubo. Wannan ƙasa ta halitta tana da wadataccen Abinci mai gina jiki, amma an lalata shi saboda yaduwar leaching, wanda ke haifar da wanke ma'adanai a cikin ƙasa. A ƙarƙashin farfajiyar akwai ma'adanai daban-daban, gami da [[Zinare|zinariya]], cassiterite, [[Koltan|coltan]], da wolfram. Wadannan ma'adanai suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin yanayin ƙasa na yankin kuma suna ba da damar [[Hakar ma'adinai|Amfani da ma'adinai]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-07 |title=Sud-Kivu: "l'exploitation illicite des minerais ne concerne pas Wamuzimu seul mais tout le territoire de Mwenga" Laban Kyalangalilwa |url=https://www.kivu5.net/sud-kivu-lexploitation-illicite-des-minerais-ne-concerne-pas-wamuzimu-seul-mais-tout-le-territoire-de-mwenga-laban-kyalangalilwa/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=Reporter les infos en toute indépendance et avec professionalisme |language=fr-FR}}</ref> === Rarrabawar gudanarwa === An amince da Basile Chiefdom a hukumance a matsayin ''Ƙungiyar Ƙasa'' (Entité Territoriale Décentralisée, ETD) daidai da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, wanda aka gabatar a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu 2006. <ref name=":13">{{Cite web |date=7 October 2008 |title=Loi organique n° 08/016 du 07 octobre 2008 portant composition, organisation et fonctionnement des Entités Territoriales Décentralisées et leurs rapports avec l'Etat et les Provinces |trans-title=Organic Law No. 08/016 of October 7, 2008 on the composition, organization and operation of Decentralized Territorial Entities and their relations with the State and the Provinces |url=https://www.leganet.cd/Legislation/Droit%20Public/Administration.ter/L.08.16.17.10.2008.htm |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Leganet.cd |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref><ref name=":35">{{Cite web |last=Muzalia |first=Godefroid |last2=Mizumbi |first2=Jean de Dieu |last3=Muzalia |first3=Pierre-Yves |date=January 2025 |title=Économie politique de la chefferie de Basile en territoire de Mwenga (Sud-Kivu) |trans-title=Political Economy of the Basile Chiefdom in Mwenga Territory (South Kivu) |url=https://www.gicnetwork.be/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/25_Economie-politique-de-la-Chefferie-de-Basile-en-territoire-de-Mwenga.pdf |access-date=23 September 2025 |website=Gicnetwork.be |publisher=Governance in Conflict Network (GIC) |pages=13–14 |language=fr |publication-place=Ghent, Belgium}}</ref> shugaban yana aiki a karkashin tsarin mulkin mallaka wanda ke haɗa ikon al'ada tare da gudanarwar jihar. A saman wannan tsari shine ''[./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Mwami]''" (shugaban al'ada), wanda ke amfani da ikon gargajiya da na doka.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":35" /> An zaɓi Mwami bisa ga ka'idojin maye gurbin al'ada kuma manyan Aldermen guda uku (Notables) suna tallafa masa a cikin ayyukansa, waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen aiwatar da ayyukan gudanarwa da shugabanci.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":35" /> == Manazarta == rwe990jgr2q6nt6hdslcucfhc138t6u 842611 842610 2026-05-29T16:40:15Z Pharouqenr 25549 842611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Babban Birnin Basile''' ([[Faransanci]]: Chefferie de Basile) wani birni ne da ke cikin Yankin Mwenga na Lardin Kivu ta Kudu a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=33–40 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=De La Présentation De La Chefferie De Basile |trans-title=Regarding the Presentation of the Basile Chiefdom |url=https://chefferiebasile.org/?page_id=220 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=Chefferiebasile.org |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ya mamaye yanki na kimanin murabba'in kilomita 2,113 kuma yana da ƙididdigar yawan jama'a 140,352 a cikin 2022. <ref name=":03">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=36 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Muzalia |first=Godefroid |last2=Mizumbi |first2=Jean de Dieu |last3=Muzalia |first3=Pierre-Yves |date=January 2025 |title=Économie politique de la chefferie de Basile en territoire de Mwenga (Sud-Kivu) |trans-title=Political Economy of the Basile Chiefdom in Mwenga Territory (South Kivu) |url=https://www.gicnetwork.be/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/25_Economie-politique-de-la-Chefferie-de-Basile-en-territoire-de-Mwenga.pdf |access-date=23 September 2025 |website=Gicnetwork.be |publisher=Governance in Conflict Network (GIC) |pages=5–6 |language=fr |publication-place=Ghent, Belgium}}</ref> shugabanci yana da iyaka da Kogin Ulindi a arewa, Yankin Itombwe a kudu, Luindi da Burnhé zuwa gabas, da Kogin Zalya da Wamuzimu a yamma.<ref name=":3" /> Mutanen Lega ne suka fi zama, wadanda al'ummominsu suka kai lardunan Kivu ta Kudu, Maniema, da Arewacin Kivu, shugabanci ya bambanta da tsarin zamantakewa da aka shirya a kusa da cibiyoyin kamar ''Bwami'' da ''Bwali''. <ref name=":032">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=35 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> A fannin gudanarwa, Basile Chiefdom an raba shi zuwa ''ƙungiyoyi'' goma (ƙungiyoyi) kuma yana aiki a matsayin hedkwatar yankin Mwenga kuma ta haka ne cibiyar siyasa da ayyukan gudanarwa.<ref name=":03" /><ref name=":3" /> Yankin shugabanci ya kunshi mafi yawa [[Gandun Daji|gandun daji]] da gandun daji masu itatuwa, ban da yankuna kamar ƙungiyar Banamochas da wani ɓangare na Bashimwenda, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da al'adu da Bushi, kuma yankin yana tallafawa kiyaye halittu ta hanyar haɗa shi a cikin Itombwe Nature Reserve . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Muzalia |first=Godefroid |last2=Mizumbi |first2=Jean de Dieu |last3=Muzalia |first3=Pierre-Yves |date=January 2025 |title=Économie politique de la chefferie de Basile en territoire de Mwenga (Sud-Kivu) |trans-title=Political Economy of the Basile Chiefdom in Mwenga Territory (South Kivu) |url=https://www.gicnetwork.be/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/25_Economie-politique-de-la-Chefferie-de-Basile-en-territoire-de-Mwenga.pdf |access-date=23 September 2025 |website=Gicnetwork.be |publisher=Governance in Conflict Network (GIC) |pages=5–6 |language=fr |publication-place=Ghent, Belgium}}</ref> [[Kongo Swahili|Swahili]] yana aiki ne a matsayin harshen magana tare da [[Harshen Lega|Lega]], wanda ake magana da shi a cikin gida.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Territoire de Mwenga |trans-title=Mwenga Territory |url=https://www.caid.cd/index.php/donnees-par-province-administrative/province-de-sud-kivu/territoire-de-mwenga/?secteur=fiche |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424082720/https://www.caid.cd/index.php/donnees-par-province-administrative/province-de-sud-kivu/territoire-de-mwenga/?secteur=fiche |archive-date=24 April 2021 |access-date=22 September 2025 |website=Caid.cd |publisher=Cellule d'Analyses des Indicateurs de Développement (CAID) |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> Basile Chiefdom kuma sananne ne ga ma'adanai da masu hakar ma'adinai ke amfani da su, yayin da wurin da yake kusa da gandun daji na Itombwe ya fallasa shi ga rashin tsaro da ke da alaƙa da kasancewar kungiyoyin makamai. <ref name=":3" /> == Yanayin ƙasa == Babban Birnin Basile yana cikin yankin gabashin DRC, yana da iyaka da [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] da [[Burundi]]. An san shi da wurare daban-daban, wanda ya haɗa da tuddai masu kyau, [[Ƙorama|kwari]], da tsaunuka. Yankin yana da matsakaiciyar tsawo, tsakanin mita 800 zuwa 1600, kuma yana da tsaunuka masu faɗi tare da faɗakarwa, kwari masu laushi. Duk da yake kasancewar duwatsu yana da iyaka kuma ya warwatse a duk yankin, shugabanci yana alfahari da gandun daji mai yawa, wanda ya ƙunshi kashi biyu bisa uku na ƙasarsa. Sauran ɓangaren an ƙawata shi da ciyayi mai laushi.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=De La Présentation De La Chefferie De Basile |trans-title=Regarding the Presentation of the Basile Chiefdom |url=https://chefferiebasile.org/?page_id=220 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=Chefferiebasile.org |language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=33–40 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref> === Ilimin ruwa === Shugabanci yana da [[Jikin Ruwa|ruwa]] ta wurin kasancewar rafi da [[Korama|koguna]] da yawa, daga cikinsu shahararrun sun hada da Kikuzi, Lulimunyu, Kyoka, Lushiga, Kilimata, Mwana, Kasitenge, Bilahile, Kizumbe, Namusindiki, da Zalya. Wadannan ruwa suna samar da mahimmin tushen ruwa ga yankin. Ba zato ba tsammani, Lokacin ruwan sama yana kawo cibiyar sadarwa ta wucin gadi da na yanayi na tashoshi da raƙuman ruwa. Wadannan [[Kogi|koguna]] kuma suna aiki a matsayin iyakoki na halitta a arewa maso yamma, musamman a yankin Itombwe. Adadin [[Ma'adanai na ruwa|albarkatun ruwa]] a yankin yana nuna yiwuwar ruwan kasa, gami da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=33–40 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=De La Présentation De La Chefferie De Basile |trans-title=Regarding the Presentation of the Basile Chiefdom |url=https://chefferiebasile.org/?page_id=220 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=Chefferiebasile.org |language=fr-FR}}</ref> === Yanayi === Babban Birnin Basile, tare da dukan Yankin Mwenga, yana cikin yankin [[Yanayin zafi|zafi]] da zafi, wanda ke da [[Ruwan sama]] mai yawa tsakanin 1600 da 2200 mm a kowace shekara. A yammacin ɓangaren, yanayin zafi yana da yawa, yayin da ɓangaren gabas ke jin daɗin Yanayi mai sauƙi saboda tasirin matsakaici na tsawo. Shugabanci yana fuskantar yanayi biyu daban-daban. Lokacin fari yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni uku, daga Yuni zuwa Agusta. A wannan lokacin, iska mai bushewa da sanyaya tana busawa, tare da yanayin zafi mai sauƙi. Bayan lokacin fari, yankin ya shiga Lokacin ruwan sama, wanda ya kai kimanin watanni tara, daga Satumba zuwa Mayu. Farawar lokacin ruwan sama ana sanar da shi ta hanyar [[Ruwan sama|Ruwan sama mai yawa]], sau da yawa ana kiransa ruwan sama mai tsanani. Iska tana hurawa mai zafi da zafi, tana mamayewa daga gabas zuwa yamma, kuma daga kudu zuwa arewa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP) Territoire de MWENGA - Province du Sud Kivu |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4915/4022.pdf;jsessionid=7BCF42348398B88E5B39B514E5D660DD?sequence=1 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |pages=33–40 |language=fr |publication-place=Austin, Texas, United States}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=De La Présentation De La Chefferie De Basile |trans-title=Regarding the Presentation of the Basile Chiefdom |url=https://chefferiebasile.org/?page_id=220 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=Chefferiebasile.org |language=fr-FR}}</ref>&nbsp; === Ilimin ƙasa === Yankin yana da alama ta ƙasa mai fitattun wuta wanda ya samo asali ne daga basalt da aka samo a ko'ina cikin tsaunin Mwenga-Kadubo. Wannan ƙasa ta halitta tana da wadataccen Abinci mai gina jiki, amma an lalata shi saboda yaduwar leaching, wanda ke haifar da wanke ma'adanai a cikin ƙasa. A ƙarƙashin farfajiyar akwai ma'adanai daban-daban, gami da [[Zinare|zinariya]], cassiterite, [[Koltan|coltan]], da wolfram. Wadannan ma'adanai suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin yanayin ƙasa na yankin kuma suna ba da damar [[Hakar ma'adinai|Amfani da ma'adinai]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-07 |title=Sud-Kivu: "l'exploitation illicite des minerais ne concerne pas Wamuzimu seul mais tout le territoire de Mwenga" Laban Kyalangalilwa |url=https://www.kivu5.net/sud-kivu-lexploitation-illicite-des-minerais-ne-concerne-pas-wamuzimu-seul-mais-tout-le-territoire-de-mwenga-laban-kyalangalilwa/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=Reporter les infos en toute indépendance et avec professionalisme |language=fr-FR}}</ref> === Rarrabawar gudanarwa === An amince da Basile Chiefdom a hukumance a matsayin ''Ƙungiyar Ƙasa'' (Entité Territoriale Décentralisée, ETD) daidai da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, wanda aka gabatar a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu 2006. <ref name=":13">{{Cite web |date=7 October 2008 |title=Loi organique n° 08/016 du 07 octobre 2008 portant composition, organisation et fonctionnement des Entités Territoriales Décentralisées et leurs rapports avec l'Etat et les Provinces |trans-title=Organic Law No. 08/016 of October 7, 2008 on the composition, organization and operation of Decentralized Territorial Entities and their relations with the State and the Provinces |url=https://www.leganet.cd/Legislation/Droit%20Public/Administration.ter/L.08.16.17.10.2008.htm |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Leganet.cd |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref><ref name=":35">{{Cite web |last=Muzalia |first=Godefroid |last2=Mizumbi |first2=Jean de Dieu |last3=Muzalia |first3=Pierre-Yves |date=January 2025 |title=Économie politique de la chefferie de Basile en territoire de Mwenga (Sud-Kivu) |trans-title=Political Economy of the Basile Chiefdom in Mwenga Territory (South Kivu) |url=https://www.gicnetwork.be/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/25_Economie-politique-de-la-Chefferie-de-Basile-en-territoire-de-Mwenga.pdf |access-date=23 September 2025 |website=Gicnetwork.be |publisher=Governance in Conflict Network (GIC) |pages=13–14 |language=fr |publication-place=Ghent, Belgium}}</ref> shugaban yana aiki a karkashin tsarin mulkin mallaka wanda ke haɗa ikon al'ada tare da gudanarwar jihar. A saman wannan tsari shine ''[./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Mwami]''" (shugaban al'ada), wanda ke amfani da ikon gargajiya da na doka.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":35" /> An zaɓi Mwami bisa ga ka'idojin maye gurbin al'ada kuma manyan Aldermen guda uku (Notables) suna tallafa masa a cikin ayyukansa, waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen aiwatar da ayyukan gudanarwa da shugabanci.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":35" /> == Manazarta == g4rnz8odhodwyon0a4odey0oj8743fe 0 153158 842612 2026-05-29T16:40:36Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348500163|Boyoma Falls]]" 842612 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Boyoma Falls''' ( Swahili , French , Dutch ), <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Ndeo |first=Oscar |last2=Hauffe |first2=Torsten |last3=Delicado |first3=Diana |last4=Busanga |first4=Alidor |last5=Albrecht |first5=Christian |date=2017-05-02 |title=Mollusk communities of the central Congo River shaped by combined effects of barriers, environmental gradients, and species dispersal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316971348 |journal=Journal of Limnology |volume=76 |doi=10.4081/jlimnol.2017.1585 |doi-access=free}}</ref> wanda aka fi sani da '''Stanley Falls''' ( [[Faransanci]] : ''Chutes Stanley'' ; Dutch : ''Stanleywatervallen'' ), jerin cututtukan ido guda bakwai ne, kowannensu bai wuce {{Convert|5|m|ft}} ba. tsayi, wanda ya wuce sama da {{Convert|100|km|mi}} a kan wani lanƙwasa na [[Kogin Lualaba]] tsakanin garuruwan tashar jiragen ruwa na Ubundu da [[Kisangani]] (wanda kuma aka sani da Boyoma) a [[Lardin Gabas|Lardin Orientale]] na [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo]] . {{Rp|Vol.Two,175}} {{Rp|Vol.Two,175}}Katara bakwai suna da jimillar digo {{Convert|61|m|ft}} . Su ne mafi girman ruwan da ke kwarara a kowace shekara a duniya, wanda ya zarce [[Niagara Falls|ruwan Niagara]] da kuma ruwan Iguazu. Manyan magudanan ido guda biyu sune na farko a ƙarƙashin Ubundu, suna samar da wani rafi mai kunkuntar da ke karkace wanda ba a iya isa gare shi, kuma na ƙarshe da za a iya gani da ziyarta daga Kisangani. A ƙasan magudanan ruwan, ana kiran Lualaba da [[Kogin Congo]]. A layin dogo mai ɗaukar kaya yana kewaye da jerin hanyoyin ruwa masu sauri, yana haɗa Kisangani da Ubundu. Na ƙarshe daga cikin bakwai na katangar Boyoma ana kuma kiranta da '''Wagenia Falls''' ( French, Dutch), <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Ndeo |first=Oscar |last2=Hauffe |first2=Torsten |last3=Delicado |first3=Diana |last4=Busanga |first4=Alidor |last5=Albrecht |first5=Christian |date=2017-05-02 |title=Mollusk communities of the central Congo River shaped by combined effects of barriers, environmental gradients, and species dispersal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316971348 |journal=Journal of Limnology |volume=76 |doi=10.4081/jlimnol.2017.1585 |doi-access=free}}</ref> yana nufin masuntan Wagenya na gida, waɗanda suka ƙirƙiro wata dabara ta musamman ta kamun kifi a cikin kogin. Suna gina tsarin tripod na katako a kan raƙuman ruwa da aka sanya a cikin ramukan da aka sassaka a cikin dutsen ta hanyar magudanar ruwa. Waɗannan suna aiki a matsayin anka don kwandunan da ke kama manyan kifaye. Ana saukar da kwandunan a cikin magudanar ruwa don "rage" ruwan don kifi. Hanya ce ta kamun kifi mai zaɓi sosai, domin waɗannan kwandunan suna da girma sosai, kuma manyan kifaye ne kawai aka kama. An ba da sunan faduwar ne bayan Henry Morton Stanley, wanda ya binciki yankin kuma ya lura da dabarar kamun kifi ta Wagenya. A cewar Stanley, "...ta hanyar amfani da duwatsu, an ba 'yan asalin damar gyara sanduna masu nauyi, inci 6 (150 a diamita, ga kowannensu suna haɗe manyan kwando-kayan kifi ta hanyar kebul na rattan-cane. Akwai yiwuwar kwando sittin ko saba'in da aka shimfiɗa a cikin kogi a kowane gefe, kowace rana; kuma kodayake ana iya kawo wasu babu komai, gabaɗaya suna da nasara sosai, saboda daga cikin kwando goma sha biyu da takwas manyan kifi... sun tattara manyan kifi. == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == nx0an670jwwz3z98coq881r16zdn517 842613 842612 2026-05-29T16:41:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 842613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Boyoma Falls''' ( Swahili , French , Dutch ), <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Ndeo |first=Oscar |last2=Hauffe |first2=Torsten |last3=Delicado |first3=Diana |last4=Busanga |first4=Alidor |last5=Albrecht |first5=Christian |date=2017-05-02 |title=Mollusk communities of the central Congo River shaped by combined effects of barriers, environmental gradients, and species dispersal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316971348 |journal=Journal of Limnology |volume=76 |doi=10.4081/jlimnol.2017.1585 |doi-access=free}}</ref> wanda aka fi sani da '''Stanley Falls''' ( [[Faransanci]] : ''Chutes Stanley'' ; Dutch : ''Stanleywatervallen'' ), jerin cututtukan ido guda bakwai ne, kowannensu bai wuce {{Convert|5|m|ft}} ba. tsayi, wanda ya wuce sama da {{Convert|100|km|mi}} a kan wani lanƙwasa na [[Kogin Lualaba]] tsakanin garuruwan tashar jiragen ruwa na Ubundu da [[Kisangani]] (wanda kuma aka sani da Boyoma) a [[Lardin Gabas|Lardin Orientale]] na [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo]] . {{Rp|Vol.Two,175}} {{Rp|Vol.Two,175}}Katara bakwai suna da jimillar digo {{Convert|61|m|ft}} . Su ne mafi girman ruwan da ke kwarara a kowace shekara a duniya, wanda ya zarce [[Niagara Falls|ruwan Niagara]] da kuma ruwan Iguazu. Manyan magudanan ido guda biyu sune na farko a ƙarƙashin Ubundu, suna samar da wani rafi mai kunkuntar da ke karkace wanda ba a iya isa gare shi, kuma na ƙarshe da za a iya gani da ziyarta daga Kisangani. A ƙasan magudanan ruwan, ana kiran Lualaba da [[Kogin Congo]]. A layin dogo mai ɗaukar kaya yana kewaye da jerin hanyoyin ruwa masu sauri, yana haɗa Kisangani da Ubundu. Na ƙarshe daga cikin bakwai na katangar Boyoma ana kuma kiranta da '''Wagenia Falls''' ( French, Dutch), <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Ndeo |first=Oscar |last2=Hauffe |first2=Torsten |last3=Delicado |first3=Diana |last4=Busanga |first4=Alidor |last5=Albrecht |first5=Christian |date=2017-05-02 |title=Mollusk communities of the central Congo River shaped by combined effects of barriers, environmental gradients, and species dispersal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316971348 |journal=Journal of Limnology |volume=76 |doi=10.4081/jlimnol.2017.1585 |doi-access=free}}</ref> yana nufin masuntan Wagenya na gida, waɗanda suka ƙirƙiro wata dabara ta musamman ta kamun kifi a cikin kogin. Suna gina tsarin tripod na katako a kan raƙuman ruwa da aka sanya a cikin ramukan da aka sassaka a cikin dutsen ta hanyar magudanar ruwa. Waɗannan suna aiki a matsayin anka don kwandunan da ke kama manyan kifaye. Ana saukar da kwandunan a cikin magudanar ruwa don "rage" ruwan don kifi. Hanya ce ta kamun kifi mai zaɓi sosai, domin waɗannan kwandunan suna da girma sosai, kuma manyan kifaye ne kawai aka kama. An ba da sunan faduwar ne bayan Henry Morton Stanley, wanda ya binciki yankin kuma ya lura da dabarar kamun kifi ta Wagenya. A cewar Stanley, "...ta hanyar amfani da duwatsu, an ba 'yan asalin damar gyara sanduna masu nauyi, inci 6 (150 a diamita, ga kowannensu suna haɗe manyan kwando-kayan kifi ta hanyar kebul na rattan-cane. Akwai yiwuwar kwando sittin ko saba'in da aka shimfiɗa a cikin kogi a kowane gefe, kowace rana; kuma kodayake ana iya kawo wasu babu komai, gabaɗaya suna da nasara sosai, saboda daga cikin kwando goma sha biyu da takwas manyan kifi... sun tattara manyan kifi. == Manazarta == p8h8a3e45b5y8v2b0a624rw6jiyeaft 0 153159 842614 2026-05-29T16:42:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1341447067|Congo River, Beyond Darkness]]" 842614 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], Beyond Darkness (Faransanci: Kogin Kongo) fim ne na 2005 na Thierry Michel yana nazarin Kogin Kongo a [[Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Young |first=Deborah |date=14 February 2006 |title=Congo River, Beyond Darkness |url=https://variety.com/2006/film/markets-festivals/congo-river-beyond-darkness-1200518474/ |access-date=10 August 2021 |website=Variety}}</ref> Fim din ya fara ne a bikin fim na kasa da kasa na Francophone de Namur na shekara ta 2005. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Barlet |first=Olivier |date=13 October 2005 |title=Namur 2005 : nouvelles découvertes |trans-title=Namur 2005: new discoveries |url=http://africultures.com/namur-2005-nouvelles-decouvertes-4068/ |access-date=10 August 2021 |website=Africultures |language=fr}}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Fim din ya kai mu daga bakin zuwa tushen kogin na biyu mafi girma a duniya, na Kogin Kongo (mafi girma shine Amazon). A duk tsawon kilomita 4371, mun gano wuraren da suka ga tarihin rikice-rikice na wannan ƙasar, yayin da tarihin ke tunatar da mu game da adadi na almara waɗanda suka haifar da makomarta: masu bincike kamar Livingstone da Stanley, sarakunan mulkin mallaka Leopold II da Baudouin da shugabannin kamar [[Patrice Lumumba|Lumumba]], Mobutu da Kabila. == Manazarta == 2f40yj9dp95prsm6nak59zv7rpwe1le 842615 842614 2026-05-29T16:42:42Z Pharouqenr 25549 842615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], Beyond Darkness (Faransanci: Kogin Kongo) fim ne na 2005 na Thierry Michel yana nazarin Kogin Kongo a [[Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Young |first=Deborah |date=14 February 2006 |title=Congo River, Beyond Darkness |url=https://variety.com/2006/film/markets-festivals/congo-river-beyond-darkness-1200518474/ |access-date=10 August 2021 |website=Variety}}</ref> Fim din ya fara ne a bikin fim na kasa da kasa na Francophone de Namur na shekara ta 2005. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Barlet |first=Olivier |date=13 October 2005 |title=Namur 2005 : nouvelles découvertes |trans-title=Namur 2005: new discoveries |url=http://africultures.com/namur-2005-nouvelles-decouvertes-4068/ |access-date=10 August 2021 |website=Africultures |language=fr}}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Fim din ya kai mu daga bakin zuwa tushen kogin na biyu mafi girma a duniya, na Kogin Kongo (mafi girma shine Amazon). A duk tsawon kilomita 4371, mun gano wuraren da suka ga tarihin rikice-rikice na wannan ƙasar, yayin da tarihin ke tunatar da mu game da adadi na almara waɗanda suka haifar da makomarta: masu bincike kamar Livingstone da Stanley, sarakunan mulkin mallaka Leopold II da Baudouin da shugabannin kamar [[Patrice Lumumba|Lumumba]], Mobutu da Kabila. == Manazarta == iftr0yhn7xlivzrqep3j6mkqkrev12f 0 153160 842616 2026-05-29T16:43:02Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1290847008|Livingstone Falls]]" 842616 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Inga03.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Ruwan ruwa na Inga Falls]] '''Livingstone Falls''' (Faransa: Chutes Livingstone; Dutch: ''Livingstonewatervallen''), mai suna ga mai binciken Burtaniya David Livingstone, jerin manyan rapids ne a kan ƙananan [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] a yammacin Equatorial [[Afirka]], daga Malebo Pool a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . <ref name="Stanley">Stanley, H.M., 1899, Through the Dark Continent, London: G. Newnes, Vol. One {{ISBN|0486256677}}, Vol. Two {{ISBN|0486256685}}</ref> == Bayyanawa == Livingstone Falls ya ƙunshi jerin rapids da ke sauka mita 270 (900 a cikin kilomita 350 (220 . Sun fara ne a cikin Malebo Pool kuma sun ƙare a Matadi a Bas-Congo. Kogin Kongo yana da na biyu mafi girma a duniya bayan Amazon, wanda ba shi da faduwa ko rapids (sai dai kusa da tushe). Sabili da haka, mafi ƙasƙanci na Livingstone Falls, sune mafi girma a duniya dangane da yawan kwarara - idan mutum ya yarda da waɗannan rapids a matsayin kwararar ruwa. Wani bangare mai ban sha'awa na tsawon kilomita 350 (220 Livingstone Falls shine faɗin tashar. Tashar tana da ƙanƙanta sosai: a cikin shimfidawa da yawa faɗin tashar ƙasa da mita 300 (1,000 kuma ga mafi yawan tsawon tashar ƙasa ne da mita 800 (3,000 a fadin. Wannan tashar ce mai zurfi tun lokacin da kwararar kogin yawanci ta wuce mita 42,000 a kowace dakika (1,500,000 cu ft / s). Bincike a cikin {{Convert|200|m|ft}} da ya nuna cewa sassan tsakanin rapids na iya zama mai zurfi kamar 200 m (700 . <ref name="weis">{{Cite web |last=Weisberger |first=Mindy |date=12 January 2020 |title=Dying Fish Revealed Congo Is World's Deepest River |url=https://www.livescience.com/congo-river-fish-with-bends.html |access-date=14 January 2020 |website=livescience.com |publisher=LiveScience}}</ref> Rashin ƙarfi yana raba yawan kifaye daga juna, yana haifar da sababbin nau'o'in su samo asali a kusa da juna.<ref name="weis" /> == Tarihi == Kodayake ya binciki [[Kogin Lualaba|saman Kongo]], Livingstone bai taba tafiya zuwa wannan ɓangaren kogi ba kuma Henry Morton Stanley ne ya sanya masa suna don girmama shi. Stanley ya bayyana faduwar kamar yadda<blockquote>"... mafi girman kogin da na taɓa gani. Ɗauki wani yanki na teku da guguwa ta hura, mil huɗu a tsawon da rabin mil a faɗin, kuma ana iya samun kyakkyawan ra'ayi game da raƙuman ruwa masu tsalle-tsalle. Wasu daga cikin kogin suna da tsawon mita 100, kuma daga ɗayan zuwa ɗayan kogin ya nutse. Akwai gaggawar ƙasa a cikin ƙuƙwalwar babban kogin, sannan, ta hanyar ƙarfinsa, babban girgizar ƙasa, babban girgiza shi kawai zai ɗaga sama, har sai ya hau sama da sauri, har sai yana ratsawa da girgizar sama, girgizar ruwa mai tsayi 30 kawai, girgizo da girgizo mai tsayi sama, girgiza ƙasa.<ref name="Stanley">Stanley, H.M., 1899, Through the Dark Continent, London: G. Newnes, Vol. One {{ISBN|0486256677}}, Vol. Two {{ISBN|0486256685}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</blockquote>Tun lokacin da faduwar, wanda ya fara da Yellala Falls a saman Matadi, shingen ne ga kewayawa a ƙananan kogin, an gina Matadi-Kinshasa Railway don wuce su. == "Babban Inga" aikin samar da wutar lantarki == Inga Falls a kan [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] rukuni ne na rapids a cikin ɓangaren ƙarshe na Livingstone Falls, kilomita 285 (177 bayan Malebo Pool . Kogin Kongo ya faɗi kusan mita 96 a cikin wannan saitin [[wiktionary:cataract|cataracts]]. Matsakaicin gudana na shekara-shekara a Inga Falls yana da kimanin mita 42,000 a kowace dakika (1,500,000 cu ft / s). Idan aka ba da wannan gudana da faɗuwar mita 96 (315 , yana yiwuwa a lissafa cewa Inga Falls kadai yana da ƙarfin wutar lantarki kusan 40 GW. A cikin 2014, Inga Falls ita ce shafin yanar gizon manyan tashoshin wutar lantarki guda biyu kuma ana la'akari da ita don babbar tashar samar da wutar lantarki da aka sani da Grand Inga. Aikin Grand Inga, idan an kammala shi, zai zama mafi girman kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki a Duniya. Yankin aikin na yanzu yana kira ga amfani da ƙimar gudu 26,400 mita a kowace dakika (930,000 cu ft / s) a kan kai na mita 150 (490 ; wannan daidai yake da ƙarfin samarwa na kusan 38.9 GW. Wannan janareta na hydro-electric zai kasance kusan ninki biyu na mai rikodin duniya na yanzu, wanda shine kayan aikin Three Gorges a 22.5 GW a kan Kogin Yangtze a [[Sin|China]].&nbsp; == Dubi kuma == ht307emlgmn4texbg0rbn442gvdla0j 842617 842616 2026-05-29T16:43:28Z Pharouqenr 25549 842617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Inga03.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Ruwan ruwa na Inga Falls]] '''Livingstone Falls''' (Faransa: Chutes Livingstone; Dutch: ''Livingstonewatervallen''), mai suna ga mai binciken Burtaniya David Livingstone, jerin manyan rapids ne a kan ƙananan [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] a yammacin Equatorial [[Afirka]], daga Malebo Pool a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . <ref name="Stanley">Stanley, H.M., 1899, Through the Dark Continent, London: G. Newnes, Vol. One {{ISBN|0486256677}}, Vol. Two {{ISBN|0486256685}}</ref> == Bayyanawa == Livingstone Falls ya ƙunshi jerin rapids da ke sauka mita 270 (900 a cikin kilomita 350 (220 . Sun fara ne a cikin Malebo Pool kuma sun ƙare a Matadi a Bas-Congo. Kogin Kongo yana da na biyu mafi girma a duniya bayan Amazon, wanda ba shi da faduwa ko rapids (sai dai kusa da tushe). Sabili da haka, mafi ƙasƙanci na Livingstone Falls, sune mafi girma a duniya dangane da yawan kwarara - idan mutum ya yarda da waɗannan rapids a matsayin kwararar ruwa. Wani bangare mai ban sha'awa na tsawon kilomita 350 (220 Livingstone Falls shine faɗin tashar. Tashar tana da ƙanƙanta sosai: a cikin shimfidawa da yawa faɗin tashar ƙasa da mita 300 (1,000 kuma ga mafi yawan tsawon tashar ƙasa ne da mita 800 (3,000 a fadin. Wannan tashar ce mai zurfi tun lokacin da kwararar kogin yawanci ta wuce mita 42,000 a kowace dakika (1,500,000 cu ft / s). Bincike a cikin {{Convert|200|m|ft}} da ya nuna cewa sassan tsakanin rapids na iya zama mai zurfi kamar 200 m (700 . <ref name="weis">{{Cite web |last=Weisberger |first=Mindy |date=12 January 2020 |title=Dying Fish Revealed Congo Is World's Deepest River |url=https://www.livescience.com/congo-river-fish-with-bends.html |access-date=14 January 2020 |website=livescience.com |publisher=LiveScience}}</ref> Rashin ƙarfi yana raba yawan kifaye daga juna, yana haifar da sababbin nau'o'in su samo asali a kusa da juna.<ref name="weis" /> == Tarihi == Kodayake ya binciki [[Kogin Lualaba|saman Kongo]], Livingstone bai taba tafiya zuwa wannan ɓangaren kogi ba kuma Henry Morton Stanley ne ya sanya masa suna don girmama shi. Stanley ya bayyana faduwar kamar yadda<blockquote>"... mafi girman kogin da na taɓa gani. Ɗauki wani yanki na teku da guguwa ta hura, mil huɗu a tsawon da rabin mil a faɗin, kuma ana iya samun kyakkyawan ra'ayi game da raƙuman ruwa masu tsalle-tsalle. Wasu daga cikin kogin suna da tsawon mita 100, kuma daga ɗayan zuwa ɗayan kogin ya nutse. Akwai gaggawar ƙasa a cikin ƙuƙwalwar babban kogin, sannan, ta hanyar ƙarfinsa, babban girgizar ƙasa, babban girgiza shi kawai zai ɗaga sama, har sai ya hau sama da sauri, har sai yana ratsawa da girgizar sama, girgizar ruwa mai tsayi 30 kawai, girgizo da girgizo mai tsayi sama, girgiza ƙasa.<ref name="Stanley">Stanley, H.M., 1899, Through the Dark Continent, London: G. Newnes, Vol. One {{ISBN|0486256677}}, Vol. Two {{ISBN|0486256685}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</blockquote>Tun lokacin da faduwar, wanda ya fara da Yellala Falls a saman Matadi, shingen ne ga kewayawa a ƙananan kogin, an gina Matadi-Kinshasa Railway don wuce su. == "Babban Inga" aikin samar da wutar lantarki == Inga Falls a kan [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] rukuni ne na rapids a cikin ɓangaren ƙarshe na Livingstone Falls, kilomita 285 (177 bayan Malebo Pool . Kogin Kongo ya faɗi kusan mita 96 a cikin wannan saitin [[wiktionary:cataract|cataracts]]. Matsakaicin gudana na shekara-shekara a Inga Falls yana da kimanin mita 42,000 a kowace dakika (1,500,000 cu ft / s). Idan aka ba da wannan gudana da faɗuwar mita 96 (315 , yana yiwuwa a lissafa cewa Inga Falls kadai yana da ƙarfin wutar lantarki kusan 40 GW. A cikin 2014, Inga Falls ita ce shafin yanar gizon manyan tashoshin wutar lantarki guda biyu kuma ana la'akari da ita don babbar tashar samar da wutar lantarki da aka sani da Grand Inga. Aikin Grand Inga, idan an kammala shi, zai zama mafi girman kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki a Duniya. Yankin aikin na yanzu yana kira ga amfani da ƙimar gudu 26,400 mita a kowace dakika (930,000 cu ft / s) a kan kai na mita 150 (490 ; wannan daidai yake da ƙarfin samarwa na kusan 38.9 GW. Wannan janareta na hydro-electric zai kasance kusan ninki biyu na mai rikodin duniya na yanzu, wanda shine kayan aikin Three Gorges a 22.5 GW a kan Kogin Yangtze a [[Sin|China]].&nbsp; == Manazarta == aab80kg11t6w1d5t12hyw7yrmab5ktz 0 153161 842618 2026-05-29T16:43:48Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1197760490|Kilungutwe River]]" 842618 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Kilungutwe''' wani kogi ne da ke cikin Yankin Mwenga na Lardin Kivu ta Kudu, wanda ke gabashin [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-08-14 |title=Bukavu : Joseph Kabila clôture sa visite au Sud-Kivu |url=https://www.radiookapi.net/politique/2009/08/14/bukavu-joseph-kabila-cloture-sa-visite-au-sud-kivu |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=Radio Okapi |language=fr}}</ref> Tare da tsawo na mita 882, yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa ga Kogin Ulindi. Bayan haɗuwa da Kogin Ulindi kusan kilomita 30 a arewa maso yamma, Kogin Uline ya ci gaba da tafiyarsa, a ƙarshe ya shiga [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Google Maps |url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Kilungutwe,+Democratic+Republic+of+the+Congo//@-2.8217311,28.5311181,21z/data=!4m9!4m8!1m5!1m1!1s0x19e9d1a9b11a03e3:0xad97b17e22cbdc93!2m2!1d28.5311644!2d-2.8217604!1m0!3e0?entry=ttu |access-date=2023-07-04 |website=Google Maps |language=en}}</ref> Kogin Kilungutwe an san shi da tarihi a matsayin ƙofar zuwa cikin daji daga tsaunuka zuwa arewa maso gabas.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-06-23 |title=Des Hydrocarbures et de l'environnement |url=https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/arrete_provincial_delimitation_rni_160629.pdf |access-date=2023-05-08 |page=6 |language=French |publication-place=Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> Kogin mazauni ne ga nau'o'i daban-daban, gami da catfish, tilapia, da ''[[Tarwaɗa|Clarias anguillaris]]''. Bugu da ƙari, Ƙauyen Kilungutwe yana da wadataccen halittu, tare da ciyayi masu kyau da kuma nau'ikan tsire-tsire da Dabbobi daban-daban. Kogin kuma bangare ne na tattalin arzikin yanki kuma tushen ruwa ne mai mahimmanci don ban ruwa da kamun Kifi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KILUNGUTWE Geography Population Map cities coordinates location - Tageo.com |url=https://www.tageo.com/index-e-cg-v-07-d-m2843042.htm |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=www.tageo.com}}</ref> Kogin Kilungutwe ya kasance a al'adance ta kabilun [[Mutanen Bantu|Bantu]] da yawa, gami da Lega, Bembe, Shi, Fuliiru, [[Mutanen Nyindu|Nyindu]], da Mutanen Vira. === Kisan kiyashi na Kasika === Kogin Kilungutwe wani wuri ne mai mahimmanci ga wadanda suka tsira daga Kisan kiyashi na Kasika wadanda daga baya Rally for Congolese Democracy (Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie; RCD), ƙungiyar makamai da ke goyon bayan [[Ruwanda|Rwandan]] ta kai su hari kuma ta kashe su. Mutane da yawa da abin ya shafa an kashe su da wuka ko wasu abubuwa masu kaifi, tare da harbe karamin ɓangare.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1999 |title=IV: Eastern Congo: Findings |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/congo/Congoweb-03.htm |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> A cikin iyaye, an yi wa wasu mata fyade kafin a cire su da wuka daga cikin al'aura, tare da buga 'ya'yansu a bangon kuma a jefa su cikin bayan gida ko a gefen kogi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-04 |title=RDC: 22 ans après le massacre, retour à Kasika où la blessure des charniers reste vive |url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20200904-rdc-22-ans-apr%C3%A8s-le-massacre-retour-%C3%A0-kasika-o%C3%B9-la-blessure-charniers-reste-vive |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=RFI |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-26 |title=RDC: polémique après un tweet de l'ambassadeur du Rwanda sur le massacre de Kasika |url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20200827-tweet-ambassadeur-rwanda-colere-activistes-rdc |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=RFI |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-12 |title=Life for women in the country that 'never turned the page of conflict' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/drc-sexual-violence-rape-democratic-republic-congo-war-election-women-a8937586.html |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ACHPR, Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda {{!}} How does law protect in war? - Online casebook |url=https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/achpr-democratic-republic-congo-v-burundi-rwanda-and-uganda |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=casebook.icrc.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=20 Years On from the Kasika Massacre, Women Survivors Share Their Stories {{!}} Women For Women |url=https://womenforwomen.org.uk/blog/20-years-kasika-massacre-women-survivors-share-their-stories |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=Women for Women International |language=en}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * [[Mutanen Nyindu]] * Mutanen Lega * Mutanen Bembe * Kasika * Kogin Ulindi * Yankin Mwenga * [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] == Manazarta == s3lmp82c8hqnv0s6gd1295gx8ayz16y 842619 842618 2026-05-29T16:44:05Z Pharouqenr 25549 842619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Kilungutwe''' wani kogi ne da ke cikin Yankin Mwenga na Lardin Kivu ta Kudu, wanda ke gabashin [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-08-14 |title=Bukavu : Joseph Kabila clôture sa visite au Sud-Kivu |url=https://www.radiookapi.net/politique/2009/08/14/bukavu-joseph-kabila-cloture-sa-visite-au-sud-kivu |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=Radio Okapi |language=fr}}</ref> Tare da tsawo na mita 882, yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa ga Kogin Ulindi. Bayan haɗuwa da Kogin Ulindi kusan kilomita 30 a arewa maso yamma, Kogin Uline ya ci gaba da tafiyarsa, a ƙarshe ya shiga [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Google Maps |url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Kilungutwe,+Democratic+Republic+of+the+Congo//@-2.8217311,28.5311181,21z/data=!4m9!4m8!1m5!1m1!1s0x19e9d1a9b11a03e3:0xad97b17e22cbdc93!2m2!1d28.5311644!2d-2.8217604!1m0!3e0?entry=ttu |access-date=2023-07-04 |website=Google Maps |language=en}}</ref> Kogin Kilungutwe an san shi da tarihi a matsayin ƙofar zuwa cikin daji daga tsaunuka zuwa arewa maso gabas.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-06-23 |title=Des Hydrocarbures et de l'environnement |url=https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/arrete_provincial_delimitation_rni_160629.pdf |access-date=2023-05-08 |page=6 |language=French |publication-place=Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> Kogin mazauni ne ga nau'o'i daban-daban, gami da catfish, tilapia, da ''[[Tarwaɗa|Clarias anguillaris]]''. Bugu da ƙari, Ƙauyen Kilungutwe yana da wadataccen halittu, tare da ciyayi masu kyau da kuma nau'ikan tsire-tsire da Dabbobi daban-daban. Kogin kuma bangare ne na tattalin arzikin yanki kuma tushen ruwa ne mai mahimmanci don ban ruwa da kamun Kifi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KILUNGUTWE Geography Population Map cities coordinates location - Tageo.com |url=https://www.tageo.com/index-e-cg-v-07-d-m2843042.htm |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=www.tageo.com}}</ref> Kogin Kilungutwe ya kasance a al'adance ta kabilun [[Mutanen Bantu|Bantu]] da yawa, gami da Lega, Bembe, Shi, Fuliiru, [[Mutanen Nyindu|Nyindu]], da Mutanen Vira. === Kisan kiyashi na Kasika === Kogin Kilungutwe wani wuri ne mai mahimmanci ga wadanda suka tsira daga Kisan kiyashi na Kasika wadanda daga baya Rally for Congolese Democracy (Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie; RCD), ƙungiyar makamai da ke goyon bayan [[Ruwanda|Rwandan]] ta kai su hari kuma ta kashe su. Mutane da yawa da abin ya shafa an kashe su da wuka ko wasu abubuwa masu kaifi, tare da harbe karamin ɓangare.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1999 |title=IV: Eastern Congo: Findings |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/congo/Congoweb-03.htm |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> A cikin iyaye, an yi wa wasu mata fyade kafin a cire su da wuka daga cikin al'aura, tare da buga 'ya'yansu a bangon kuma a jefa su cikin bayan gida ko a gefen kogi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-04 |title=RDC: 22 ans après le massacre, retour à Kasika où la blessure des charniers reste vive |url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20200904-rdc-22-ans-apr%C3%A8s-le-massacre-retour-%C3%A0-kasika-o%C3%B9-la-blessure-charniers-reste-vive |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=RFI |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-26 |title=RDC: polémique après un tweet de l'ambassadeur du Rwanda sur le massacre de Kasika |url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20200827-tweet-ambassadeur-rwanda-colere-activistes-rdc |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=RFI |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-12 |title=Life for women in the country that 'never turned the page of conflict' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/drc-sexual-violence-rape-democratic-republic-congo-war-election-women-a8937586.html |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ACHPR, Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda {{!}} How does law protect in war? - Online casebook |url=https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/achpr-democratic-republic-congo-v-burundi-rwanda-and-uganda |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=casebook.icrc.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=20 Years On from the Kasika Massacre, Women Survivors Share Their Stories {{!}} Women For Women |url=https://womenforwomen.org.uk/blog/20-years-kasika-massacre-women-survivors-share-their-stories |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=Women for Women International |language=en}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * [[Mutanen Nyindu]] * Mutanen Lega * Mutanen Bembe * Kasika * Kogin Ulindi * Yankin Mwenga * [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] == Manazarta == 7m8ax6payxerbvdi1lmgxw6sd9jusou 0 153162 842620 2026-05-29T16:46:22Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343272522|Luindi Chiefdom]]" 842620 wikitext text/x-wiki Luindi Chiefdom ([[Faransanci]]: Chefferie de Luindi), wanda aka fi sani da Lwindi Chiefdom, wani shugabanci ne da ke Yankin Mwenga, a cikin Lardin Kivu ta Kudu a gabashin [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . Yana rufe yanki na murabba'in kilomita 856 kuma tare da ƙididdigar yawan mutane 43,566 a shekarar 2019, <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Unité de Pilotage du Processus d'Élaboration du Document de Stratégie de Réduction de la Pauvreté (UPPE-SRP). Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP), Territoire de Mwenga – Province du Sud-Kivu |trans-title=Steering Unit for the Process of Developing the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (UPPE-SRP). Final Report of Grassroots Participatory Consultations for the Development of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP), Mwenga Territory – South Kivu Province |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/8770813a-ffa6-4bcc-a495-493790506bee/content |access-date=22 September 2025 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |publisher=Ministry of Planning of the Democratic Republic of the Congo |page=33–37 |language=fr}}</ref> yana cikin yankin tsaunuka na Itombwe Massif. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Mulungula |first=Alexandre Mukamba |date=2021 |title=Histoire du groupement de mukangala dans la chefferie de Luindi en territoire de Mwanga de 1930-2019 |trans-title=History of the Mukangala groupement in the Luindi Chiefdom of Mwenga Territory from 1930 to 2019 |url=https://www.memoireonline.com/11/23/14394/m_Histoire-du-groupement-de-mukangala-dans-la-chefferie-de-Luindi-en-territoire-de-Mwanga-de-1930-201911.html |access-date=21 September 2025 |publisher=Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Bukavu |language=fr |publication-place=Bukavu, South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> [[Mutanen Nyindu]] sun kasance mafi yawan jama'ar shugabanci. An raba Lwindi Chiefdom zuwa ''ƙungiyoyi'' (ƙungiyoyi), waɗanda aka sake raba su zuwa localités (ƙauyuka). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Annuaire des rues de Luindi (chefferie), Mwenga |url=https://rues-rd-congo.openalfa.com/luindi-chefferie |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=Rues-rd-congo.openalfa.com |language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulebelwa |first=Mukamba |date=17 May 2022 |title=Mwenga: 7 combattants Maï-Maï se rendent aux FARDC à Kasika |trans-title=Mwenga: 7 Mai-Mai fighters surrender to the FARDC in Kasika |url=https://www.mediacongo.net/article-actualite-104795_mwenga_7_combattants_mai_mai_se_rendent_aux_fardc_a_kasika.html |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=Mediacongo.net |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2007 |title=Report on sensitization activities |trans-title=Report on awareness activities |url=https://carpe.umd.edu/sites/default/files/publications/10010006_SP_Awareness-RaisingActivities_WWF-PCKB_2007.pdf |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=Carpe.umd.edu |language=en, fr |publication-place=Maryland, United States}}</ref> == Gudanarwa da shugabanci == An amince da Shugaba na Luindi a hukumance a matsayin ''Ƙungiyar Ƙasa'' (Entité Territoriale Décentralisée, ETD) a ƙarƙashin tanadin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, wanda aka karɓa a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu 2006. Gudanar da ita tana nuna tsarin biyu wanda ya haɗu da ikon al'ada tare da tsarin gudanarwa.<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |date=7 October 2008 |title=Loi organique n° 08/016 du 07 octobre 2008 portant composition, organisation et fonctionnement des Entités Territoriales Décentralisées et leurs rapports avec l'Etat et les Provinces |trans-title=Organic Law No. 08/016 of October 7, 2008 on the composition, organization and operation of Decentralized Territorial Entities and their relations with the State and the Provinces |url=https://www.leganet.cd/Legislation/Droit%20Public/Administration.ter/L.08.16.17.10.2008.htm |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Leganet.cd |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> A kan shugabanci shine ''Mwami'', wanda ke da ikon al'ada da na doka. An nada shi bisa ga al'adun yankin, ''Mwami'' yana tallafawa a cikin aikinsa ta manyan Aldermen guda uku (Notables). <ref name=":13" /> An kafa iyakokin yankin ta hanyar umarnin Firayim Minista, bisa ga shawarar Ministan Cikin Gida da Tsaro, Rarraba, da Harkokin Al'ada, da kuma amincewar Majalisar lardin.<ref name=":13" /> Manyan hukumomi guda biyu suna tabbatar da gudanar da shugabanci: Majalisar Shugabanci da Kwalejin Zartarwa ta Shugabanci.<ref name=":13" /> * ''Majalisar Shugabannin'' tana aiki ne a matsayin kungiya mai yanke shawara, wanda ya kunshi 'yan majalisa da aka zaba ta hanyar kai tsaye da sirri na duniya daidai da dokar zabe ta kasa.<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |date=7 October 2008 |title=Loi organique n° 08/016 du 07 octobre 2008 portant composition, organisation et fonctionnement des Entités Territoriales Décentralisées et leurs rapports avec l'Etat et les Provinces |trans-title=Organic Law No. 08/016 of October 7, 2008 on the composition, organization and operation of Decentralized Territorial Entities and their relations with the State and the Provinces |url=https://www.leganet.cd/Legislation/Droit%20Public/Administration.ter/L.08.16.17.10.2008.htm |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Leganet.cd |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> Membobinta suna karɓar albashi don kare 'yancin kansu da mutunci. Majalisar tana karkashin jagorancin Ofishin da ya kunshi shugaban kasa, mataimakin shugaban kasa, da mai ba da rahoto, wanda aka zaba a karkashin ka'idojin cikin gida waɗanda ke ba da matakai don wakilci mai kyau, gami da la'akari da jinsi.<ref name=":13" /> * ''Kwalejin Zartarwa'' ta Chiefdom tana kula da gudanar da yau da kullun na mahallin kuma tana tabbatar da aiwatar da yanke shawara na Majalisar. Ya ƙunshi ''Mwami'' da Aldermen uku da aka zaba don ƙwarewarsu, mutunci, da wakilci, dangane da amincewar Majalisar Shugabanci.<ref name=":13" /> Kodayake ''Mwami'' ba shi da alhakin kansa ga Majalisar, shawarwarinsa suna samun tasirin doka ne kawai lokacin da ɗaya daga cikin Aldermen ya sanya hannu, wanda ke ɗaukar alhakin a gaban majalisa. A lokuta na mutuwa, murabus, rashin iyawa, ko rashin cancanta na doka na ''Mwami'', Aldermen gaba ɗaya suna gudanar da shugabanci har sai an nada magaji. Idan rashin ya kasance na wucin gadi, shugaban Alderman yana aiki a matsayin mukaddashin jagora.<ref name=":13" /> A fannin gudanarwa, an raba shugabanci zuwa ''ƙungiyoyi'' (''ƙungiyoyi''), kowannensu yana ƙarƙashin jagorancin chef de groupement, wanda ke aiki a matsayin wakilin ''Mwami'' kai tsaye. Wadannan kungiyoyi kuma an raba su zuwa localités (ƙauyuka), kowannensu yana karkashin jagorancin chef de localité, wanda aka nada bisa ga al'adun gargajiya.<ref name=":21">{{Cite web |last=Mushi |first=Ferdinand Mugumo |date=January 2013 |title=Insecurity and Local Governance in Congo's South Kivu |url=https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/bitstream/handle/20.500.12413/7398/IDSB_44_1_10.1111-1759-5436.12004.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=21 July 2023 |website=IDS OpenDocs |page=7 |language=English}}</ref><ref name=":14">{{Cite web |date=7 October 2008 |title=Loi organique n° 08/016 du 07 octobre 2008 portant composition, organisation et fonctionnement des Entités Territoriales Décentralisées et leurs rapports avec l'Etat et les Provinces |trans-title=Organic Law No. 08/016 of 7 October 2008 on the composition, organization and operation of Decentralized Territorial Entities and their relations with the State and the Provinces |url=https://www.leganet.cd/Legislation/Droit%20Public/Administration.ter/L.08.16.17.10.2008.htm |access-date=16 July 2023 |website=Leganet.cd |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> Gabaɗaya, Luindi Chiefdom ya ƙunshi ''ƙungiyoyi'' takwas: {| class="wikitable" !A'a. !''Rukunin'' !Mazauna !Sunan shugaban !Gidan da ke mulki !Sauran dangin !''Yankunan'' (wuraren) |- |1. |Kalambi |7,645 |Itongwa Kasuli Nakalambi |Batumba |Bagezi, Balambo, Bashitabale, Basele, Bashimwenda |Kakangala, Itumba, Kalimoto, Kalambi |- |2. |Kigogo |6,645 |Baguma Mwati Kigogo |Benemutalwa |Bashinda, Balambo, Balande, Balizi, Basimbi, Batwa |Muhuzi, Kashindaba, Kadete, Ishungwe, Kadita, Muhembeje |- |3. |Kilimbwe |3,561 |Kabumbanyungu Lusenda |Balande |Babulinzi, Balambo, Balimbizi, Bamulinda, Batwa |Kilimbwe, Matembu, Ishongo, Katembu, Kisogo |- |4. |Kayan aiki |3,090 |Kisongo Gaston |Bakyoka |Balobola, Batumba, Bakyoka, Bagezi, Balimbizi |Yankin da aka yi amfani da shi a lokacin da aka yi magana a lokacin da ake magana a lokacin |- |5. |Ihanga |2,922 |Pierre Mulindwa |Bahofa |Batumba, Bashi, Babulinzi, Bahofa, Bawanda |Lukunga, Butongo, Nyakalenge, Kangola, Chowe, Misela, Kibuti, Malangi |- |6. |Irangi |5,868 |Nyirangi Bulambo Palamibo |Banyamuganga |Bagezi, Bakyoka, Batumba, Banamuganga, Bashimwenda |Kataraka, Ilolo, Ngole, Kabukimba, Kitale, Ilibo, Mulole |- |7. |Ilowe |1,183 |Mulamba Mulate Kilande |Balande |Balambo, Balande, Bashinda, Banamuganga, Bamulinda |Ilowe I, Ilowe II, Nyabaleke, Kishele |- |8. |Mukangala |12,652 |Mwenebatende Nabuhombya Joseph |Bahofa |Batumba, Balande, Basimbi, Banamuganga, Babulinji, Basele, Bamulinda, Bahofa |Kasika, Pinga, Mulamba (Kalizi), Kipinda, Muhimbili, Pinga da Mushinga, Kalemba, Kuhulile, Ngendje, Ilemb |- | |'''Jimillar''' |'''43,566''' |} A tarihi, ikon ''Mwami'' na [[Sarauta|mulkin mallaka]] ne kuma na farawa. Ya koma zamanin d ̄ a, an haɗa shi cikin tatsuniyoyi da tatsuniyoyi waɗanda ke ba da labarin asalinsa. A cewar asusun yankin, Data wa Nyabatwa ne ya kafa masarautar a kusa da shekara ta 1620, wanda ya zo daga Mukuju a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa Kalungu don ziyartar wani shugaban mai suna Nakabumbano . <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Mulungula |first=Alexandre Mukamba |date=2021 |title=Histoire du groupement de mukangala dans la chefferie de Luindi en territoire de Mwanga de 1930-2019 |trans-title=History of the Mukangala groupement in the Luindi Chiefdom of Mwenga Territory from 1930 to 2019 |url=https://www.memoireonline.com/11/23/14394/m_Histoire-du-groupement-de-mukangala-dans-la-chefferie-de-Luindi-en-territoire-de-Mwanga-de-1930-201911.html |access-date=21 September 2025 |publisher=Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Bukavu |language=fr |publication-place=Bukavu, South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> Da yake ba da kursiyinsa a gare shi a ƙarƙashin ruwan sama, Nakabumbano ya shaida Data wa Nyabatwa ya ayyana kansa sarki, yana cewa: "''Nyi'tolera bwani bwami''" ("Na karɓi mulkin na"), kuma wannan taron ya nuna tushen daular Batumba ta Luindi . <ref name=":5" /> == Manazarta == drj5wp6cbsjj8fxywgn8t8u1gi40htk 842621 842620 2026-05-29T16:47:05Z Pharouqenr 25549 842621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luindi Chiefdom''' ([[Faransanci]]: Chefferie de Luindi), wanda aka fi sani da Lwindi Chiefdom, wani shugabanci ne da ke Yankin Mwenga, a cikin Lardin Kivu ta Kudu a gabashin [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . Yana rufe yanki na murabba'in kilomita 856 kuma tare da ƙididdigar yawan mutane 43,566 a shekarar 2019, <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=Wassomukokya |first=François |last2=Mukungilwa |first2=Bitondo |last3=Muteleka |first3=Cyprien |last4=Mutimanwa |first4=Jean Michel |last5=Kasese |first5=Richard Minyota |date=2004 |title=Unité de Pilotage du Processus d'Élaboration du Document de Stratégie de Réduction de la Pauvreté (UPPE-SRP). Rapport final des consultations participatives de la base pour l'élaboration du Document de Stratégies de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSRP), Territoire de Mwenga – Province du Sud-Kivu |trans-title=Steering Unit for the Process of Developing the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (UPPE-SRP). Final Report of Grassroots Participatory Consultations for the Development of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP), Mwenga Territory – South Kivu Province |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/8770813a-ffa6-4bcc-a495-493790506bee/content |access-date=22 September 2025 |website=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |publisher=Ministry of Planning of the Democratic Republic of the Congo |page=33–37 |language=fr}}</ref> yana cikin yankin tsaunuka na Itombwe Massif. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Mulungula |first=Alexandre Mukamba |date=2021 |title=Histoire du groupement de mukangala dans la chefferie de Luindi en territoire de Mwanga de 1930-2019 |trans-title=History of the Mukangala groupement in the Luindi Chiefdom of Mwenga Territory from 1930 to 2019 |url=https://www.memoireonline.com/11/23/14394/m_Histoire-du-groupement-de-mukangala-dans-la-chefferie-de-Luindi-en-territoire-de-Mwanga-de-1930-201911.html |access-date=21 September 2025 |publisher=Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Bukavu |language=fr |publication-place=Bukavu, South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> [[Mutanen Nyindu]] sun kasance mafi yawan jama'ar shugabanci. An raba Lwindi Chiefdom zuwa ''ƙungiyoyi'' (ƙungiyoyi), waɗanda aka sake raba su zuwa localités (ƙauyuka). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Annuaire des rues de Luindi (chefferie), Mwenga |url=https://rues-rd-congo.openalfa.com/luindi-chefferie |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=Rues-rd-congo.openalfa.com |language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulebelwa |first=Mukamba |date=17 May 2022 |title=Mwenga: 7 combattants Maï-Maï se rendent aux FARDC à Kasika |trans-title=Mwenga: 7 Mai-Mai fighters surrender to the FARDC in Kasika |url=https://www.mediacongo.net/article-actualite-104795_mwenga_7_combattants_mai_mai_se_rendent_aux_fardc_a_kasika.html |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=Mediacongo.net |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2007 |title=Report on sensitization activities |trans-title=Report on awareness activities |url=https://carpe.umd.edu/sites/default/files/publications/10010006_SP_Awareness-RaisingActivities_WWF-PCKB_2007.pdf |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=Carpe.umd.edu |language=en, fr |publication-place=Maryland, United States}}</ref> == Gudanarwa da shugabanci == An amince da Shugaba na Luindi a hukumance a matsayin ''Ƙungiyar Ƙasa'' (Entité Territoriale Décentralisée, ETD) a ƙarƙashin tanadin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, wanda aka karɓa a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu 2006. Gudanar da ita tana nuna tsarin biyu wanda ya haɗu da ikon al'ada tare da tsarin gudanarwa.<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |date=7 October 2008 |title=Loi organique n° 08/016 du 07 octobre 2008 portant composition, organisation et fonctionnement des Entités Territoriales Décentralisées et leurs rapports avec l'Etat et les Provinces |trans-title=Organic Law No. 08/016 of October 7, 2008 on the composition, organization and operation of Decentralized Territorial Entities and their relations with the State and the Provinces |url=https://www.leganet.cd/Legislation/Droit%20Public/Administration.ter/L.08.16.17.10.2008.htm |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Leganet.cd |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> A kan shugabanci shine ''Mwami'', wanda ke da ikon al'ada da na doka. An nada shi bisa ga al'adun yankin, ''Mwami'' yana tallafawa a cikin aikinsa ta manyan Aldermen guda uku (Notables). <ref name=":13" /> An kafa iyakokin yankin ta hanyar umarnin Firayim Minista, bisa ga shawarar Ministan Cikin Gida da Tsaro, Rarraba, da Harkokin Al'ada, da kuma amincewar Majalisar lardin.<ref name=":13" /> Manyan hukumomi guda biyu suna tabbatar da gudanar da shugabanci: Majalisar Shugabanci da Kwalejin Zartarwa ta Shugabanci.<ref name=":13" /> * ''Majalisar Shugabannin'' tana aiki ne a matsayin kungiya mai yanke shawara, wanda ya kunshi 'yan majalisa da aka zaba ta hanyar kai tsaye da sirri na duniya daidai da dokar zabe ta kasa.<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |date=7 October 2008 |title=Loi organique n° 08/016 du 07 octobre 2008 portant composition, organisation et fonctionnement des Entités Territoriales Décentralisées et leurs rapports avec l'Etat et les Provinces |trans-title=Organic Law No. 08/016 of October 7, 2008 on the composition, organization and operation of Decentralized Territorial Entities and their relations with the State and the Provinces |url=https://www.leganet.cd/Legislation/Droit%20Public/Administration.ter/L.08.16.17.10.2008.htm |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Leganet.cd |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> Membobinta suna karɓar albashi don kare 'yancin kansu da mutunci. Majalisar tana karkashin jagorancin Ofishin da ya kunshi shugaban kasa, mataimakin shugaban kasa, da mai ba da rahoto, wanda aka zaba a karkashin ka'idojin cikin gida waɗanda ke ba da matakai don wakilci mai kyau, gami da la'akari da jinsi.<ref name=":13" /> * ''Kwalejin Zartarwa'' ta Chiefdom tana kula da gudanar da yau da kullun na mahallin kuma tana tabbatar da aiwatar da yanke shawara na Majalisar. Ya ƙunshi ''Mwami'' da Aldermen uku da aka zaba don ƙwarewarsu, mutunci, da wakilci, dangane da amincewar Majalisar Shugabanci.<ref name=":13" /> Kodayake ''Mwami'' ba shi da alhakin kansa ga Majalisar, shawarwarinsa suna samun tasirin doka ne kawai lokacin da ɗaya daga cikin Aldermen ya sanya hannu, wanda ke ɗaukar alhakin a gaban majalisa. A lokuta na mutuwa, murabus, rashin iyawa, ko rashin cancanta na doka na ''Mwami'', Aldermen gaba ɗaya suna gudanar da shugabanci har sai an nada magaji. Idan rashin ya kasance na wucin gadi, shugaban Alderman yana aiki a matsayin mukaddashin jagora.<ref name=":13" /> A fannin gudanarwa, an raba shugabanci zuwa ''ƙungiyoyi'' (''ƙungiyoyi''), kowannensu yana ƙarƙashin jagorancin chef de groupement, wanda ke aiki a matsayin wakilin ''Mwami'' kai tsaye. Wadannan kungiyoyi kuma an raba su zuwa localités (ƙauyuka), kowannensu yana karkashin jagorancin chef de localité, wanda aka nada bisa ga al'adun gargajiya.<ref name=":21">{{Cite web |last=Mushi |first=Ferdinand Mugumo |date=January 2013 |title=Insecurity and Local Governance in Congo's South Kivu |url=https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/bitstream/handle/20.500.12413/7398/IDSB_44_1_10.1111-1759-5436.12004.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=21 July 2023 |website=IDS OpenDocs |page=7 |language=English}}</ref><ref name=":14">{{Cite web |date=7 October 2008 |title=Loi organique n° 08/016 du 07 octobre 2008 portant composition, organisation et fonctionnement des Entités Territoriales Décentralisées et leurs rapports avec l'Etat et les Provinces |trans-title=Organic Law No. 08/016 of 7 October 2008 on the composition, organization and operation of Decentralized Territorial Entities and their relations with the State and the Provinces |url=https://www.leganet.cd/Legislation/Droit%20Public/Administration.ter/L.08.16.17.10.2008.htm |access-date=16 July 2023 |website=Leganet.cd |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> Gabaɗaya, Luindi Chiefdom ya ƙunshi ''ƙungiyoyi'' takwas: {| class="wikitable" !A'a. !''Rukunin'' !Mazauna !Sunan shugaban !Gidan da ke mulki !Sauran dangin !''Yankunan'' (wuraren) |- |1. |Kalambi |7,645 |Itongwa Kasuli Nakalambi |Batumba |Bagezi, Balambo, Bashitabale, Basele, Bashimwenda |Kakangala, Itumba, Kalimoto, Kalambi |- |2. |Kigogo |6,645 |Baguma Mwati Kigogo |Benemutalwa |Bashinda, Balambo, Balande, Balizi, Basimbi, Batwa |Muhuzi, Kashindaba, Kadete, Ishungwe, Kadita, Muhembeje |- |3. |Kilimbwe |3,561 |Kabumbanyungu Lusenda |Balande |Babulinzi, Balambo, Balimbizi, Bamulinda, Batwa |Kilimbwe, Matembu, Ishongo, Katembu, Kisogo |- |4. |Kayan aiki |3,090 |Kisongo Gaston |Bakyoka |Balobola, Batumba, Bakyoka, Bagezi, Balimbizi |Yankin da aka yi amfani da shi a lokacin da aka yi magana a lokacin da ake magana a lokacin |- |5. |Ihanga |2,922 |Pierre Mulindwa |Bahofa |Batumba, Bashi, Babulinzi, Bahofa, Bawanda |Lukunga, Butongo, Nyakalenge, Kangola, Chowe, Misela, Kibuti, Malangi |- |6. |Irangi |5,868 |Nyirangi Bulambo Palamibo |Banyamuganga |Bagezi, Bakyoka, Batumba, Banamuganga, Bashimwenda |Kataraka, Ilolo, Ngole, Kabukimba, Kitale, Ilibo, Mulole |- |7. |Ilowe |1,183 |Mulamba Mulate Kilande |Balande |Balambo, Balande, Bashinda, Banamuganga, Bamulinda |Ilowe I, Ilowe II, Nyabaleke, Kishele |- |8. |Mukangala |12,652 |Mwenebatende Nabuhombya Joseph |Bahofa |Batumba, Balande, Basimbi, Banamuganga, Babulinji, Basele, Bamulinda, Bahofa |Kasika, Pinga, Mulamba (Kalizi), Kipinda, Muhimbili, Pinga da Mushinga, Kalemba, Kuhulile, Ngendje, Ilemb |- | |'''Jimillar''' |'''43,566''' |} A tarihi, ikon ''Mwami'' na [[Sarauta|mulkin mallaka]] ne kuma na farawa. Ya koma zamanin d ̄ a, an haɗa shi cikin tatsuniyoyi da tatsuniyoyi waɗanda ke ba da labarin asalinsa. A cewar asusun yankin, Data wa Nyabatwa ne ya kafa masarautar a kusa da shekara ta 1620, wanda ya zo daga Mukuju a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa Kalungu don ziyartar wani shugaban mai suna Nakabumbano . <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Mulungula |first=Alexandre Mukamba |date=2021 |title=Histoire du groupement de mukangala dans la chefferie de Luindi en territoire de Mwanga de 1930-2019 |trans-title=History of the Mukangala groupement in the Luindi Chiefdom of Mwenga Territory from 1930 to 2019 |url=https://www.memoireonline.com/11/23/14394/m_Histoire-du-groupement-de-mukangala-dans-la-chefferie-de-Luindi-en-territoire-de-Mwanga-de-1930-201911.html |access-date=21 September 2025 |publisher=Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Bukavu |language=fr |publication-place=Bukavu, South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> Da yake ba da kursiyinsa a gare shi a ƙarƙashin ruwan sama, Nakabumbano ya shaida Data wa Nyabatwa ya ayyana kansa sarki, yana cewa: "''Nyi'tolera bwani bwami''" ("Na karɓi mulkin na"), kuma wannan taron ya nuna tushen daular Batumba ta Luindi . <ref name=":5" /> == Manazarta == lq6t8v0v7u10j2gshkq3k1z3zi5ghz2 0 153163 842624 2026-05-29T16:48:57Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345654960|Pool Department]]" 842624 wikitext text/x-wiki Pool (Kongo: Mpumbu, Nsundi, Mbula Ntangu) sashen [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]] ne a yankin kudu maso gabashin kasar. Yana da iyaka da sassan Bouenza, Lekoumou, da Plateaux. A kasa da kasa, tana da iyaka da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . Har ila yau, yana kewaye da gundumar gari na babban birnin ƙasa, Brazzaville. Babban birnin yankin shine Kinkala . Manyan garuruwa sun hada da [[Boko, Republic of the Congo|Boko]], Kindamba da Mindouli . A farkon shekarun 2000, yankin Pool ya kasance gidan wani tawaye mai ƙarancin matakin da Pasteur Ntumi ya jagoranta. Mazaunan wannan sashen sune Kongo, Téké da yawan 'yan asalin ƙasar (Pygmies).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Elisabeth Dorier |last2=Rodrigue Kinouani |last3=Erwan Morand |last4=Damien Rouquier |last5=Quentin Fleuret |date=2011 |title=Une zone enclavée en situation post-confit: le district de Kindamba (Pool, République du Congo). Diagnostic territorial dans en vue d'un Projet d'appui au Développement Communautaire |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01279960/document |website=HAL OPEN SCIENCE |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roger BOUKA OWOKO |last2=Roch Euloge N’ZOBO |last3=OBSERVATOIRE CONGOLAIS DES DROITS DE L’HOMME (OCDH) |last4=UNION EUROPÉENNE |date=2011 |title=LES PEUPLES AUTOCHTONES DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU CONGO : DISCRIMINATION ET ESCLAVAGE |url=http://gitpa.org/Autochtone%20GITPA%20300/gitpa300-16-58congobrazzaTEXTREFOCDH%20RAPPORT%20.pdf |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329152251/http://gitpa.org/Autochtone%20GITPA%20300/gitpa300-16-58congobrazzaTEXTREFOCDH%20RAPPORT%20.pdf |archive-date=March 29, 2017 |website=GITPA.ORG |language=fr}}</ref> An sanya sunan yankin ne bayan [[Pool Malebo]] (tsohon Stanley Pool), wani yanki mai faɗi na [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. [[Fayil:Pool_districts.png|right|thumb|250x250px|Gundumomin Pool]] == Rarrabawar gudanarwa == Ma'aikatar Pool ta kasu kashi goma sha uku: # Gundumar Kinkala # Gundumar Boko # Gundumar Mindouli # Gundumar Kindamba # Gundumar Goma Tsé-Tsé # Gundumar Mayama # Gundumar Ngabé # Gundumar Mbanza-Ndounga # Gundumar Louingui # Gundumar Loumo # Gundumar Ignié # Gundumar Vindza # Gundumar Kimba == Manazarta == tfgs446bcmyfe72dsuzj7qjag5z3c0p 842625 842624 2026-05-29T16:49:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 842625 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Pool (Kongo: Mpumbu, Nsundi, Mbula Ntangu) sashen [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]] ne a yankin kudu maso gabashin kasar. Yana da iyaka da sassan Bouenza, Lekoumou, da Plateaux. A kasa da kasa, tana da iyaka da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . Har ila yau, yana kewaye da gundumar gari na babban birnin ƙasa, Brazzaville. Babban birnin yankin shine Kinkala . Manyan garuruwa sun hada da [[Boko, Republic of the Congo|Boko]], Kindamba da Mindouli . A farkon shekarun 2000, yankin Pool ya kasance gidan wani tawaye mai ƙarancin matakin da Pasteur Ntumi ya jagoranta. Mazaunan wannan sashen sune Kongo, Téké da yawan 'yan asalin ƙasar (Pygmies).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Elisabeth Dorier |last2=Rodrigue Kinouani |last3=Erwan Morand |last4=Damien Rouquier |last5=Quentin Fleuret |date=2011 |title=Une zone enclavée en situation post-confit: le district de Kindamba (Pool, République du Congo). Diagnostic territorial dans en vue d'un Projet d'appui au Développement Communautaire |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01279960/document |website=HAL OPEN SCIENCE |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roger BOUKA OWOKO |last2=Roch Euloge N’ZOBO |last3=OBSERVATOIRE CONGOLAIS DES DROITS DE L’HOMME (OCDH) |last4=UNION EUROPÉENNE |date=2011 |title=LES PEUPLES AUTOCHTONES DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU CONGO : DISCRIMINATION ET ESCLAVAGE |url=http://gitpa.org/Autochtone%20GITPA%20300/gitpa300-16-58congobrazzaTEXTREFOCDH%20RAPPORT%20.pdf |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329152251/http://gitpa.org/Autochtone%20GITPA%20300/gitpa300-16-58congobrazzaTEXTREFOCDH%20RAPPORT%20.pdf |archive-date=March 29, 2017 |website=GITPA.ORG |language=fr}}</ref> An sanya sunan yankin ne bayan [[Pool Malebo]] (tsohon Stanley Pool), wani yanki mai faɗi na [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. [[Fayil:Pool_districts.png|right|thumb|250x250px|Gundumomin Pool]] == Rarrabawar gudanarwa == Ma'aikatar Pool ta kasu kashi goma sha uku: # Gundumar Kinkala # Gundumar Boko # Gundumar Mindouli # Gundumar Kindamba # Gundumar Goma Tsé-Tsé # Gundumar Mayama # Gundumar Ngabé # Gundumar Mbanza-Ndounga # Gundumar Louingui # Gundumar Loumo # Gundumar Ignié # Gundumar Vindza # Gundumar Kimba == Manazarta == 2qcgazc2qr2fpsky7z7t1d2ut4kyakv 0 153164 842626 2026-05-29T16:49:35Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1310233741|Tshuapa–Lomami–Lualaba Conservation Landscape]]" 842626 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:TL2-Area.jpg|alt=Map of the TL2 Landscape.|thumb|Taswirar Yanayin TL2.]] Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba Conservation Landscape (TL2) ya kasance har zuwa kwanan nan wani yanki ne mai ban mamaki wanda ba a san shi ba a tsakiyar [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Conservation Landscape for Bonobo: Discovery and Conservation of the Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba Landscape, in the Democratic Republic of Congo |url=https://www.bonoboincongo.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/final-report-usfws_for-posting.pdf |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=First Year Report -- March 2008 to the ARCUS FOUNDATION |url=https://www.bonoboincongo.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/first-year-narrative-report-for-posting.pdf |access-date=2024-03-24}}</ref> Wannan wuri mai faɗi sananne ne daga manyan koguna uku, Tshuapa, Lomami, da [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], wanda aka sani a nan da Lualaba, wanda ya ba yankin sunansa: TL². Tshuapa da Lualaba sune iyakokinta na yamma da na gabas; [[Kogin Lomami]] yana gudana ta tsakiya. Wannan yankin ya mamaye sama da 40,000 km2 kuma yana daya daga cikin manyan tubalan gandun daji a DRCongo. Yana da ƙananan yawan jama'a da ƙananan ƙaura.&nbsp; == Dabbobi == Mafi mahimman yawan mahimman dabbobi, gami da Bonobo da [[giwa]], suna faruwa a cikin wani yanki na tsakiya wanda za'a iya raba shi zuwa bangarori uku na kiyayewa. Akwai bangarori biyu na farko na kiyayewa, daya a Lardin Tshopo da daya a Lundumar Maniema (waɗanda suka kasance gundumomin yamma da kudu maso yammacin tsohon Lardin Orientale). Tare da karamin bangare na uku a Kasaï-Gabas, binciken ya nuna cewa wannan yankin yana da babban yawan biri na Kongo, bonobo, da kuma yawan giwa na ƙarshe tsakanin kogin Tshuapa da Lualaba. Yawan waɗannan nau'o'in nau'o-in nau'in sun dace da mafi yawan sauran manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa, gami da primates, a duk wannan yanayin gandun daji. dazuzzuka a cikin ruwa na Lomami-Lualaba sune iyakar gabashin iyakar babban birai na Kongo, Bonobo (Pan ''Paniscus''). Ana samun bonobos a cikin mafi yawan TL2, kodayake faruwar abu ne mai laushi kuma bonobos ba a saba gani ba a wasu yankuna inda suke. Ana samun mafi yawan bonobos a kudancin wuri mai faɗi, zuwa gandun daji-savanna ecotone. An rubuta Bonobos a cikin 'yan wurare ne kawai a cikin binciken da aka warwatsa a waje da yankin da aka bayyana a matsayin TL2 Conservation Landscape, kuma shaidar ta nuna yawan jama'a ƙananan ne kuma sun warwatsa. Dangane da ganawa da mafarauta da mazauna ƙauyuka, bonobos sun ɓace daga wasu daga cikin waɗannan yankuna a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata yayin da matakan farauta suka karu. Giwaye na gandun daji a cikin wuri mai faɗi yanzu an ƙuntata su galibi zuwa yanki ɗaya a cikin ruwa na Kogin Tutu, mai ba da gudummawa ga Lomami. Yankin kusan 5000 km², kuma kawai yaduwar giwaye, duk suna motsawa sosai, suna faruwa a wasu wurare a cikin wuri mai faɗi. Akwai hangen nesa mai ma'ana don kula da giwaye na gandun daji a tsawon lokaci, amma yawan mutanen da ke akwai sun kusan hallaka bayan shekaru goma na farauta mai tsanani, wanda ke da alaƙa da yaƙi da kuma yaduwar bindigogi na soja.&nbsp; Okapi yana faruwa a bangarorin biyu na Kogin Lomami, wanda ke wakiltar fadada jinsin da aka sani. Okapi, duk da haka, ba a saba gani ba a cikin wuri mai faɗi. === Primates === Yawancin jinsuna ko nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi masu kama da juna suna iyakance a cikin rarraba su zuwa yankin TL2. An gano sabon nau'in dabba, wanda aka sani da lesula, a wannan yankin a cikin 2007. Lesula yana da alaƙa da biri mai fuska, ''Cercopithecus hamlyni'' . An gudanar da aiki mai mahimmanci a cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa don kammala rarrabawar haraji na sabon nau'in kuma tabbatar da muhimmancin binciken. == Manazarta == nb2gm6h7ejg5i0jlv2eyhzm2to219b9 842627 842626 2026-05-29T16:49:52Z Pharouqenr 25549 842627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:TL2-Area.jpg|alt=Map of the TL2 Landscape.|thumb|Taswirar Yanayin TL2.]] Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba Conservation Landscape (TL2) ya kasance har zuwa kwanan nan wani yanki ne mai ban mamaki wanda ba a san shi ba a tsakiyar [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Conservation Landscape for Bonobo: Discovery and Conservation of the Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba Landscape, in the Democratic Republic of Congo |url=https://www.bonoboincongo.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/final-report-usfws_for-posting.pdf |access-date=2024-03-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=First Year Report -- March 2008 to the ARCUS FOUNDATION |url=https://www.bonoboincongo.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/first-year-narrative-report-for-posting.pdf |access-date=2024-03-24}}</ref> Wannan wuri mai faɗi sananne ne daga manyan koguna uku, Tshuapa, Lomami, da [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], wanda aka sani a nan da Lualaba, wanda ya ba yankin sunansa: TL². Tshuapa da Lualaba sune iyakokinta na yamma da na gabas; [[Kogin Lomami]] yana gudana ta tsakiya. Wannan yankin ya mamaye sama da 40,000 km2 kuma yana daya daga cikin manyan tubalan gandun daji a DRCongo. Yana da ƙananan yawan jama'a da ƙananan ƙaura.&nbsp; == Dabbobi == Mafi mahimman yawan mahimman dabbobi, gami da Bonobo da [[giwa]], suna faruwa a cikin wani yanki na tsakiya wanda za'a iya raba shi zuwa bangarori uku na kiyayewa. Akwai bangarori biyu na farko na kiyayewa, daya a Lardin Tshopo da daya a Lundumar Maniema (waɗanda suka kasance gundumomin yamma da kudu maso yammacin tsohon Lardin Orientale). Tare da karamin bangare na uku a Kasaï-Gabas, binciken ya nuna cewa wannan yankin yana da babban yawan biri na Kongo, bonobo, da kuma yawan giwa na ƙarshe tsakanin kogin Tshuapa da Lualaba. Yawan waɗannan nau'o'in nau'o-in nau'in sun dace da mafi yawan sauran manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa, gami da primates, a duk wannan yanayin gandun daji. dazuzzuka a cikin ruwa na Lomami-Lualaba sune iyakar gabashin iyakar babban birai na Kongo, Bonobo (Pan ''Paniscus''). Ana samun bonobos a cikin mafi yawan TL2, kodayake faruwar abu ne mai laushi kuma bonobos ba a saba gani ba a wasu yankuna inda suke. Ana samun mafi yawan bonobos a kudancin wuri mai faɗi, zuwa gandun daji-savanna ecotone. An rubuta Bonobos a cikin 'yan wurare ne kawai a cikin binciken da aka warwatsa a waje da yankin da aka bayyana a matsayin TL2 Conservation Landscape, kuma shaidar ta nuna yawan jama'a ƙananan ne kuma sun warwatsa. Dangane da ganawa da mafarauta da mazauna ƙauyuka, bonobos sun ɓace daga wasu daga cikin waɗannan yankuna a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata yayin da matakan farauta suka karu. Giwaye na gandun daji a cikin wuri mai faɗi yanzu an ƙuntata su galibi zuwa yanki ɗaya a cikin ruwa na Kogin Tutu, mai ba da gudummawa ga Lomami. Yankin kusan 5000 km², kuma kawai yaduwar giwaye, duk suna motsawa sosai, suna faruwa a wasu wurare a cikin wuri mai faɗi. Akwai hangen nesa mai ma'ana don kula da giwaye na gandun daji a tsawon lokaci, amma yawan mutanen da ke akwai sun kusan hallaka bayan shekaru goma na farauta mai tsanani, wanda ke da alaƙa da yaƙi da kuma yaduwar bindigogi na soja.&nbsp; Okapi yana faruwa a bangarorin biyu na Kogin Lomami, wanda ke wakiltar fadada jinsin da aka sani. Okapi, duk da haka, ba a saba gani ba a cikin wuri mai faɗi. === Primates === Yawancin jinsuna ko nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi masu kama da juna suna iyakance a cikin rarraba su zuwa yankin TL2. An gano sabon nau'in dabba, wanda aka sani da lesula, a wannan yankin a cikin 2007. Lesula yana da alaƙa da biri mai fuska, ''Cercopithecus hamlyni'' . An gudanar da aiki mai mahimmanci a cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa don kammala rarrabawar haraji na sabon nau'in kuma tabbatar da muhimmancin binciken. == Manazarta == 8vo7fmowaz403wzb7576z123kno5n2v 0 153165 842628 2026-05-29T16:50:15Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1314933027|Yellala Falls]]" 842628 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yellala Falls''' (Rapides de Yelala ko Chutes Yelala; kuma an rubuta shi a matsayin ''Ielala'') jerin magudanan ruwa ne da rapids a kan [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] kawai daga Matadi a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . Ruwan shine mafi ƙasƙanci na jerin rapids masu tsawo waɗanda ke sa kogin ya zama ba zai iya tafiya ba, yana tilasta masu binciken mulkin mallaka su yi tafiya da ƙafa har zuwa [[Pool Malebo|Stanley Pool]] kilomita 350 (220 sama.{{Sfn|Conley|2000}} Kogin Kongo shine kogin na biyu mafi girma a duniya ta hanyar yawan ruwan da aka fitar, kuma mafi zurfi a duniya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oberg |first=Kevin |date=July 2008 |title=Discharge and other hydraulic measurements for characterizing the hydraulics of Lower Congo River |url=https://hydroacoustics.usgs.gov/publications/Measurements4LowerCongo-6.pdf |journal=U.S. Geological Survey}}</ref> Sashe na kogi wanda ya ƙare tare da faduwar Yellala yana da nau'in kifi sama da 300, da yawa ba a samu a wani wuri ba.{{Sfn|Dickman|2009}} == Wurin da yake == Yankin da Kogin Kongo ya zubar ya rufe kashi ɗaya cikin takwas na Afirka, gami da gandun daji na wurare masu zafi da savanna, yawancin su a cikin babban, mai zurfi. Tsarin koguna na yanzu yana da alama ya kasance daga kimanin shekaru miliyan biyar da suka gabata, ba da daɗewa ba a kan sikelin lokacin ƙasa. A wannan lokacin an ɗaga gefen nahiyar Atlantic kuma ya zama shinge tsakanin kwandon da teku. Wani babban tafki da aka kafa kafin Kogin Kongo ya karya ta wannan shingen, yana gudana ta hanyar karamin tashar dutse kusan kilomita 350 (220 daga [[Kinshasa]] zuwa Matadi. Kogin yana iya tafiya a sama da ƙasa da wannan shimfiɗa, wanda ake kira ƙananan Kongo.{{Sfn|Schwarzer|Misof|Ifuta|Schliewen|2011}} Sashe na sa na Lower Congo ya fara ne da tsaunuka masu tsawo na Livingstone Falls a ƙasa da Kinshasa kuma ya ci gaba da kilomita 1 (83 ta hanyar ƙananan rapids. Yankin tsakiya na kimanin kilomita 129 (80 yana iya tafiya, a wasu lokuta kamar tafkin kuma a wasu lokuta yana da ƙunci kuma yana da zurfin mita 200 (660 . Ƙananan ɓangaren kusan kilomita 88 (55 shine mafi tsayi, tare da manyan rapids a Inga Falls kuma a Yellala Falls, bayan haka kogin yana iya tafiya zuwa teku.{{Sfn|Schwarzer|Misof|Ifuta|Schliewen|2011}} Kimanin {{Convert|1250000|cuft|m3}} m3) na ruwa yana gudana a kan faduwar kowane dakika.{{Sfn|Dickman|2009}} == Binciken Turai na farko == [[Fayil:Matadi,_Congo,_pedra_de_Ielala,_Diogo_Cão.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Dutsen Yellala, wanda ke ɗauke da rubutun 1485 na Diogo Cão]] Mutanen Turai sun isa Yellala Falls tun farkon 1485, lokacin da mai binciken Portuguese Diogo Cão ya ɗauki rukuni na maza har zuwa faduwar kafin a tilasta musu su juya baya ta hanyar cuta, mai yiwuwa [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]].{{Sfn|Headrick|2010}} A wannan wurin ya kafa padrão, babban dutse mai siffar gicciye, al'ada a lokacin Portuguese Age of Discovery. Dutsen, wanda ba a sake gano shi ba har zuwa 1911, yana ɗauke da kalmomin: "Aqui llegam os navios do esclarecido rei D.João II de Portugal - Diogo Cão, Pero Anes, Pero da Costa". ("A nan ne jiragen ruwa na John II, Tsarin Portugal - Diog Cão, pero Anes, pero da Costa suka isa".) {{Sfn|Kochnitzky|1948}} == Baƙi da Bayani na Turai daga baya == Kyaftin James Hingston Tuckey ya ziyarci a cikin 1816. Ya ce mutanen yankin sun yi tunanin cewa faduwar ita ce mazaunin mugun ruhu, kuma duk wanda ya gan su ba zai sake ganinsu ba.{{Sfn|Tuckey|Smith|1818}} Da yake ziyartar lokacin fari, ya yi takaici da faduwar. Ya bayyana shafin kamar yadda ya ƙunshi babban tudun syenite, dutse mai laushi, a gefen kudu. Yankin arewa, wanda aka yi da wannan kayan, ba shi da tsawo, amma ya fi kudu. Ya bayyana kogin kamar yadda ya tilasta masa tafiyarsa kuma a tsakiyar kogin tsibirin dutse "har yanzu yana ƙin ikonsa, kuma ya karya halin yanzu zuwa ƙananan tashoshi biyu; wanda ke kusa da gefen kudu yana ba da iska ga babban ruwa, wanda kogin ke gudana da babban fushi da hayaniya, kamar yadda za'a iya ɗauka cikin sauƙi".{{Sfn|Tuckey|Smith|1818}} Tuckey, wanda Royal Geographical Society na London ta dauki nauyinsa don samun bayanai game da cinikin bayi, ya lura da zalunci na cinikin bayi na Portugal kuma ya tattara bayanai masu mahimmanci game da yanayin ƙasa, dabbobi, tsire-tsire, ma'adanai da mutanen yankin.{{Sfn|Kalumvueziko|2009}} Da yake magana game da mutanen da ke zaune a sama da faduwar, Tuckey ya ce tsuntsaye, ƙwai, [[Rogo|manioc]] da 'ya'yan itace mallakar mata ne. Maza ba su taɓa magance abubuwan ba tare da tattaunawa da matansu ba. An ba da bel a matsayin kyauta daga maza.{{Sfn|Spencer|1877}} A cikin 1848 ɗan Hungary László Magyar ya hau Kongo zuwa faduwar Yellala, kafin ya kwashe shekaru biyar yana bincika yankin zuwa kudu. Saboda rashin hulɗarsa da duniyar waje, bayanan da ya tattara ba su da yawa.{{Sfn|Kalumvueziko|2009}} [[Fayil:Yellala_Falls_1883.png|thumb|250x250px|Yellala Falls daga asusun Sir Harry Johnston na 1884]] Sir Richard Francis Burton, wanda ya fara ganin faduwar a 1863, ya rubuta bayanin babban Yellala. Raƙuman ruwa sun samo asali a cikin kogin "na mil da rabi sama". Bayan haka, ruwan ya sauka a kan gangara na kusan ƙafa talatin "a cikin yadudduka 300, yana yin amfani da shi, yana haɗuwa da kuma jefa kumfa, wanda ke kama da fari mai launin rawaya-launin tashar da ba a damu da ita ba - motsi shine na raƙuman ruwa da ke tsalle a kan tashar jiragen ruwa. "{{Sfn|Burton|1876}} Ya ci gaba da cewa: "Tsohon kwarin kogi, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar tsaunuka na duwatsu, dole ne ya gabatar da manyan siffofi, da tsawo na bangon, aƙalla ƙafa dubu, ya ba Yellala wani kyakkyawa da girman. Shafin a bayyane yake shine mafi girman axis na rabuwa da ke raba ƙasashen teku daga filin ciki. " {{Sfn|Burton|1876}} Mai binciken Henry Morton Stanley, wanda ya ziyarci faduwar a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1880, ya rubuta cewa a kan mil biyar ko shida da ke kan tudu ya kasance kawai {{Convert|45|ft|m}} , amma cewa "babban fushin ruwa ya haifar da cikas da babban ƙarar ta haɗu a cikin gadon kunkuntar. " Sir Harry Johnston, wanda ya ziyartar faduwar cikin 1883, ya kira kogin "babban faduwar Yellala ta ƙarshe" kuma ya ba da cikakken bayani game da hangen nesa da ra'ayinsa na faduwar.{{Sfn|Stanley|1885}}{{Sfn|Ballard|1887}} == Manazarta == f93hp809s5l3ceh8p5tuwq9r129r4ol 842629 842628 2026-05-29T16:50:33Z Pharouqenr 25549 842629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yellala Falls''' (Rapides de Yelala ko Chutes Yelala; kuma an rubuta shi a matsayin ''Ielala'') jerin magudanan ruwa ne da rapids a kan [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] kawai daga Matadi a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . Ruwan shine mafi ƙasƙanci na jerin rapids masu tsawo waɗanda ke sa kogin ya zama ba zai iya tafiya ba, yana tilasta masu binciken mulkin mallaka su yi tafiya da ƙafa har zuwa [[Pool Malebo|Stanley Pool]] kilomita 350 (220 sama.{{Sfn|Conley|2000}} Kogin Kongo shine kogin na biyu mafi girma a duniya ta hanyar yawan ruwan da aka fitar, kuma mafi zurfi a duniya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oberg |first=Kevin |date=July 2008 |title=Discharge and other hydraulic measurements for characterizing the hydraulics of Lower Congo River |url=https://hydroacoustics.usgs.gov/publications/Measurements4LowerCongo-6.pdf |journal=U.S. Geological Survey}}</ref> Sashe na kogi wanda ya ƙare tare da faduwar Yellala yana da nau'in kifi sama da 300, da yawa ba a samu a wani wuri ba.{{Sfn|Dickman|2009}} == Wurin da yake == Yankin da Kogin Kongo ya zubar ya rufe kashi ɗaya cikin takwas na Afirka, gami da gandun daji na wurare masu zafi da savanna, yawancin su a cikin babban, mai zurfi. Tsarin koguna na yanzu yana da alama ya kasance daga kimanin shekaru miliyan biyar da suka gabata, ba da daɗewa ba a kan sikelin lokacin ƙasa. A wannan lokacin an ɗaga gefen nahiyar Atlantic kuma ya zama shinge tsakanin kwandon da teku. Wani babban tafki da aka kafa kafin Kogin Kongo ya karya ta wannan shingen, yana gudana ta hanyar karamin tashar dutse kusan kilomita 350 (220 daga [[Kinshasa]] zuwa Matadi. Kogin yana iya tafiya a sama da ƙasa da wannan shimfiɗa, wanda ake kira ƙananan Kongo.{{Sfn|Schwarzer|Misof|Ifuta|Schliewen|2011}} Sashe na sa na Lower Congo ya fara ne da tsaunuka masu tsawo na Livingstone Falls a ƙasa da Kinshasa kuma ya ci gaba da kilomita 1 (83 ta hanyar ƙananan rapids. Yankin tsakiya na kimanin kilomita 129 (80 yana iya tafiya, a wasu lokuta kamar tafkin kuma a wasu lokuta yana da ƙunci kuma yana da zurfin mita 200 (660 . Ƙananan ɓangaren kusan kilomita 88 (55 shine mafi tsayi, tare da manyan rapids a Inga Falls kuma a Yellala Falls, bayan haka kogin yana iya tafiya zuwa teku.{{Sfn|Schwarzer|Misof|Ifuta|Schliewen|2011}} Kimanin {{Convert|1250000|cuft|m3}} m3) na ruwa yana gudana a kan faduwar kowane dakika.{{Sfn|Dickman|2009}} == Binciken Turai na farko == [[Fayil:Matadi,_Congo,_pedra_de_Ielala,_Diogo_Cão.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Dutsen Yellala, wanda ke ɗauke da rubutun 1485 na Diogo Cão]] Mutanen Turai sun isa Yellala Falls tun farkon 1485, lokacin da mai binciken Portuguese Diogo Cão ya ɗauki rukuni na maza har zuwa faduwar kafin a tilasta musu su juya baya ta hanyar cuta, mai yiwuwa [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]].{{Sfn|Headrick|2010}} A wannan wurin ya kafa padrão, babban dutse mai siffar gicciye, al'ada a lokacin Portuguese Age of Discovery. Dutsen, wanda ba a sake gano shi ba har zuwa 1911, yana ɗauke da kalmomin: "Aqui llegam os navios do esclarecido rei D.João II de Portugal - Diogo Cão, Pero Anes, Pero da Costa". ("A nan ne jiragen ruwa na John II, Tsarin Portugal - Diog Cão, pero Anes, pero da Costa suka isa".) {{Sfn|Kochnitzky|1948}} == Baƙi da Bayani na Turai daga baya == Kyaftin James Hingston Tuckey ya ziyarci a cikin 1816. Ya ce mutanen yankin sun yi tunanin cewa faduwar ita ce mazaunin mugun ruhu, kuma duk wanda ya gan su ba zai sake ganinsu ba.{{Sfn|Tuckey|Smith|1818}} Da yake ziyartar lokacin fari, ya yi takaici da faduwar. Ya bayyana shafin kamar yadda ya ƙunshi babban tudun syenite, dutse mai laushi, a gefen kudu. Yankin arewa, wanda aka yi da wannan kayan, ba shi da tsawo, amma ya fi kudu. Ya bayyana kogin kamar yadda ya tilasta masa tafiyarsa kuma a tsakiyar kogin tsibirin dutse "har yanzu yana ƙin ikonsa, kuma ya karya halin yanzu zuwa ƙananan tashoshi biyu; wanda ke kusa da gefen kudu yana ba da iska ga babban ruwa, wanda kogin ke gudana da babban fushi da hayaniya, kamar yadda za'a iya ɗauka cikin sauƙi".{{Sfn|Tuckey|Smith|1818}} Tuckey, wanda Royal Geographical Society na London ta dauki nauyinsa don samun bayanai game da cinikin bayi, ya lura da zalunci na cinikin bayi na Portugal kuma ya tattara bayanai masu mahimmanci game da yanayin ƙasa, dabbobi, tsire-tsire, ma'adanai da mutanen yankin.{{Sfn|Kalumvueziko|2009}} Da yake magana game da mutanen da ke zaune a sama da faduwar, Tuckey ya ce tsuntsaye, ƙwai, [[Rogo|manioc]] da 'ya'yan itace mallakar mata ne. Maza ba su taɓa magance abubuwan ba tare da tattaunawa da matansu ba. An ba da bel a matsayin kyauta daga maza.{{Sfn|Spencer|1877}} A cikin 1848 ɗan Hungary László Magyar ya hau Kongo zuwa faduwar Yellala, kafin ya kwashe shekaru biyar yana bincika yankin zuwa kudu. Saboda rashin hulɗarsa da duniyar waje, bayanan da ya tattara ba su da yawa.{{Sfn|Kalumvueziko|2009}} [[Fayil:Yellala_Falls_1883.png|thumb|250x250px|Yellala Falls daga asusun Sir Harry Johnston na 1884]] Sir Richard Francis Burton, wanda ya fara ganin faduwar a 1863, ya rubuta bayanin babban Yellala. Raƙuman ruwa sun samo asali a cikin kogin "na mil da rabi sama". Bayan haka, ruwan ya sauka a kan gangara na kusan ƙafa talatin "a cikin yadudduka 300, yana yin amfani da shi, yana haɗuwa da kuma jefa kumfa, wanda ke kama da fari mai launin rawaya-launin tashar da ba a damu da ita ba - motsi shine na raƙuman ruwa da ke tsalle a kan tashar jiragen ruwa. "{{Sfn|Burton|1876}} Ya ci gaba da cewa: "Tsohon kwarin kogi, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar tsaunuka na duwatsu, dole ne ya gabatar da manyan siffofi, da tsawo na bangon, aƙalla ƙafa dubu, ya ba Yellala wani kyakkyawa da girman. Shafin a bayyane yake shine mafi girman axis na rabuwa da ke raba ƙasashen teku daga filin ciki. " {{Sfn|Burton|1876}} Mai binciken Henry Morton Stanley, wanda ya ziyarci faduwar a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1880, ya rubuta cewa a kan mil biyar ko shida da ke kan tudu ya kasance kawai {{Convert|45|ft|m}} , amma cewa "babban fushin ruwa ya haifar da cikas da babban ƙarar ta haɗu a cikin gadon kunkuntar. " Sir Harry Johnston, wanda ya ziyartar faduwar cikin 1883, ya kira kogin "babban faduwar Yellala ta ƙarshe" kuma ya ba da cikakken bayani game da hangen nesa da ra'ayinsa na faduwar.{{Sfn|Stanley|1885}}{{Sfn|Ballard|1887}} == Manazarta == 0rlume4fffd22h1g9qx6tcf02vk6sim 0 153166 842631 2026-05-29T16:50:56Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349743118|Brazzaville–Kinshasa Bridge]]" 842631 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Babbar Brazzaville-[[Kinshasa]]''' wani shiri ne na gina gadar jirgin kasa a kan [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] . Zai haɗa [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]] da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] a manyan biranen su, Brazzaville da Kinshasa. A watan Fabrairun 2026, jami'ai daga kasashen biyu sun tabbatar da yarjejeniyar kasashen biyu da ta kafa tsarin haraji da kwastomomi don aikin kuma sun ce wannan zai ba da damar sake fara tsarin neman shawarwari.<ref name="ACGT-2026">{{Cite web |date=6 February 2026 |title=Pont route-rail Kinshasa–Brazzaville : la RDC et le Congo s’accordent sur un régime fiscal commun |url=https://acgt.cd/2026/02/06/pont-route-rail-kinshasa-brazzaville-la-rdc-et-le-congo-saccordent-sur-un-regime-fiscal-commun/ |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Agence Congolaise des Grands Travaux |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="RadioOkapi-2026">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2026 |title=Pont entre Kinshasa et Brazzaville: validation de l'accord bilatéral sur l’application du régime fiscal |url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/05/actualite/economie/pont-entre-kinshasa-et-brazzaville-validation-de-laccord-bilateral-sur |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Radio Okapi |language=fr}}</ref> == Tarihi == [[Brazzaville|Birnin Brazzaville]] da [[Kinshasa]], manyan biranen [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]] (ROC) da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC) bi da bi, suna kan bangarorin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. Su ne manyan biranen ƙasa mafi kusa a Duniya (ban da [[Vatican]], wanda ke cikin [[Rum|Roma]], tunda birnin-jiha ba shi da babban birni). Shirye-shiryen gadar da ta haye Kogin Kongo don haɗa ƙasashen biyu an ba da kuɗi a cikin 1991 amma an ajiye su a cikin 1993 saboda rashin isasshen kuɗi da rikici a cikin ROC.<ref name="14apr03" /> An farfado da aikin shekaru goma daga baya a cikin 2003 ta hanyar ROC's Transport Infrastructure Unit (Cellule d'infrastructures de transport), wanda a baya ya ba da hadin kai tare da [[Tarayyar Turai]] kan irin waɗannan ayyukan a [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]]. An sake mayar da gadar da aka tsara zuwa ƙasa don amfani da ƙanƙanta da dutsen kogin wanda zai sauƙaƙa gina matakai na gada. An kiyasta farashin ginin ya kasance tsakanin Yuro miliyan 40 da miliyan 80 a shekara ta 2003. <ref name="14apr03" /> A watan Janairun shekara ta 2004, kungiyar tattalin arziki ta kasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya (ECCAS) ta amince da aikin, wanda a lokacin an kiyasta ya kai Yuro miliyan 403. Aikin ya tsaya a shekara ta 2005 lokacin da shugaban ma'aikatan shugaban kasa na DRC Leonard She Okitundu ya bayyana cewa aikin zai shafi ayyukan tattalin arziki a garuruwan tashar jiragen ruwa na Boma da Matadi, wadanda ke da mahimman gudummawa ga tattalin arzikinta. DRC ta ki amincewa da aikin gadar ba tare da jajircewa daga New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) don tallafawa tashar jiragen ruwa mai zurfi a Banana, birni daya tilo a bakin tekun Atlantika ba. Okitundu ya kuma tabbatar da cewa takunkumin da [[Tarayyar Afrika|Tarayyar Afirka]] ta yi na nufin an cire DRC daga tattaunawar da NEPAD ta yi game da ayyukan. Wani rahoto na 2010 da Bankin Duniya ya bayyana cewa gadar da aka tsara za ta kara yawan zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa zuwa Pointe-Noire, babban tashar jiragen ruwa na ROC a kan Tekun Atlantika.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Infrastructure de la République du Congo : Une perspective continentale |trans-title=Infrastructure of the Republic of Congo: A Continental Perspective |url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRICA/Resources/AICD-RC_Country_Report-FR.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024085914/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRICA/Resources/AICD-RC_Country_Report-FR.pdf |archive-date=24 October 2016 |access-date=8 September 2021 |website=World Bank |page=1 |language=fr}}</ref> Bayan binciken da aka yi a shekara ta 2009, aikin ya kasance ba ya aiki har sai an gudanar da taro tsakanin kasashen biyu a [[Libreville]], Gabon a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2016. A watan Janairun 2017, ECCAS ta sake farfado da aikin, tare da Bankin Raya Afirka ya yi alkawarin Yuro miliyan 250 ga aikin. Congos guda biyu za su tara sauran Yuro miliyan 110 kuma su nemi masu ba da gudummawa don ƙarin Yuro miliyan 40.<ref name="25jan17" /> An sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya a hukumance a watan Nuwamba na 2018 tsakanin ROC da DRC don gadar farashi mai tsawon mita 1,575 don haɗa manyan biranen su. Tun daga wannan lokacin an jinkirta ayyukan gini akai-akai kuma ana sa ran fara aikin a 2023. Ana sa ran za a kammala gadar a cikin 2028.<ref name="23mar20" /> A watan Fabrairun 2025, jami'an Kongo sun ce za a bude takardar shaidar a watan Yunin 2025 kuma za a zabi takardar shaidarsa a watan Satumbar 2025, tare da kusantar kudi.<ref name="Adiac-2025">{{Cite web |date=11 February 2025 |title=Pont route-rail Brazzaville-Kinshasa : le concessionnaire sera désigné en septembre |url=https://www.adiac-congo.com/content/pont-route-rail-brazzaville-kinshasa-le-concessionnaire-sera-designe-en-septembre-162735 |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Les Dépêches de Brazzaville |language=fr}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2026, duk da haka, jami'ai daga kasashen biyu sun ce sabon tsarin haraji da kwastomomi zai ba da damar sake fara tsarin neman shawarwari a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa.<ref name="ACGT-2026">{{Cite web |date=6 February 2026 |title=Pont route-rail Kinshasa–Brazzaville : la RDC et le Congo s’accordent sur un régime fiscal commun |url=https://acgt.cd/2026/02/06/pont-route-rail-kinshasa-brazzaville-la-rdc-et-le-congo-saccordent-sur-un-regime-fiscal-commun/ |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Agence Congolaise des Grands Travaux |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="RadioOkapi-2026">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2026 |title=Pont entre Kinshasa et Brazzaville: validation de l'accord bilatéral sur l’application du régime fiscal |url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/05/actualite/economie/pont-entre-kinshasa-et-brazzaville-validation-de-laccord-bilateral-sur |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Radio Okapi |language=fr}}</ref> Africa50 ta ci gaba da bayyana kanta a cikin 2026 a matsayin jagorar mai haɓaka aikin, wanda ke da alhakin tsara haɗin gwiwar jama'a da masu zaman kansu da kuma jagorantar shirye-shiryen aikin da ci gaba.<ref name="Africa50">{{Cite web |title=Bridge Linking Kinshasa and Brazzaville |url=https://www.africa50.com/our-funds/projects/bridge-linking-kinshasa-and-brazzaville/ |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Africa50}}</ref> == Ma'auni == Hanyar jirgin kasa za ta kasance hanya ɗaya. Dukkanin bangarorin gadar suna amfani da ma'auni na 1067mm. Don jituwa tare da [[Kungiyar tarayyar africa dake kula da layin dogo|AIHSRN]] na uku rails ko Dual Gauge sleepers ya kamata a samar da su. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin gadoji na hanyar dogo * Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Jamhuriyar Kongo * Jerin tashoshin jirgin kasa a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * Hanyar Tripoli-Cape Town * Hanyar Hanyar Halitta ta Afirka * Dangantakar Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo da Jamhuriwar Kongo * Kinshasa-Brazzaville == Manazarta == 9ace927nnmlofzkorb2eg5b8j69cx3q 842632 842631 2026-05-29T16:51:16Z Pharouqenr 25549 842632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Babbar Brazzaville-[[Kinshasa]]''' wani shiri ne na gina gadar jirgin kasa a kan [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] . Zai haɗa [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]] da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] a manyan biranen su, Brazzaville da Kinshasa. A watan Fabrairun 2026, jami'ai daga kasashen biyu sun tabbatar da yarjejeniyar kasashen biyu da ta kafa tsarin haraji da kwastomomi don aikin kuma sun ce wannan zai ba da damar sake fara tsarin neman shawarwari.<ref name="ACGT-2026">{{Cite web |date=6 February 2026 |title=Pont route-rail Kinshasa–Brazzaville : la RDC et le Congo s’accordent sur un régime fiscal commun |url=https://acgt.cd/2026/02/06/pont-route-rail-kinshasa-brazzaville-la-rdc-et-le-congo-saccordent-sur-un-regime-fiscal-commun/ |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Agence Congolaise des Grands Travaux |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="RadioOkapi-2026">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2026 |title=Pont entre Kinshasa et Brazzaville: validation de l'accord bilatéral sur l’application du régime fiscal |url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/05/actualite/economie/pont-entre-kinshasa-et-brazzaville-validation-de-laccord-bilateral-sur |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Radio Okapi |language=fr}}</ref> == Tarihi == [[Brazzaville|Birnin Brazzaville]] da [[Kinshasa]], manyan biranen [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]] (ROC) da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC) bi da bi, suna kan bangarorin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. Su ne manyan biranen ƙasa mafi kusa a Duniya (ban da [[Vatican]], wanda ke cikin [[Rum|Roma]], tunda birnin-jiha ba shi da babban birni). Shirye-shiryen gadar da ta haye Kogin Kongo don haɗa ƙasashen biyu an ba da kuɗi a cikin 1991 amma an ajiye su a cikin 1993 saboda rashin isasshen kuɗi da rikici a cikin ROC.<ref name="14apr03" /> An farfado da aikin shekaru goma daga baya a cikin 2003 ta hanyar ROC's Transport Infrastructure Unit (Cellule d'infrastructures de transport), wanda a baya ya ba da hadin kai tare da [[Tarayyar Turai]] kan irin waɗannan ayyukan a [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]]. An sake mayar da gadar da aka tsara zuwa ƙasa don amfani da ƙanƙanta da dutsen kogin wanda zai sauƙaƙa gina matakai na gada. An kiyasta farashin ginin ya kasance tsakanin Yuro miliyan 40 da miliyan 80 a shekara ta 2003. <ref name="14apr03" /> A watan Janairun shekara ta 2004, kungiyar tattalin arziki ta kasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya (ECCAS) ta amince da aikin, wanda a lokacin an kiyasta ya kai Yuro miliyan 403. Aikin ya tsaya a shekara ta 2005 lokacin da shugaban ma'aikatan shugaban kasa na DRC Leonard She Okitundu ya bayyana cewa aikin zai shafi ayyukan tattalin arziki a garuruwan tashar jiragen ruwa na Boma da Matadi, wadanda ke da mahimman gudummawa ga tattalin arzikinta. DRC ta ki amincewa da aikin gadar ba tare da jajircewa daga New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) don tallafawa tashar jiragen ruwa mai zurfi a Banana, birni daya tilo a bakin tekun Atlantika ba. Okitundu ya kuma tabbatar da cewa takunkumin da [[Tarayyar Afrika|Tarayyar Afirka]] ta yi na nufin an cire DRC daga tattaunawar da NEPAD ta yi game da ayyukan. Wani rahoto na 2010 da Bankin Duniya ya bayyana cewa gadar da aka tsara za ta kara yawan zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa zuwa Pointe-Noire, babban tashar jiragen ruwa na ROC a kan Tekun Atlantika.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Infrastructure de la République du Congo : Une perspective continentale |trans-title=Infrastructure of the Republic of Congo: A Continental Perspective |url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRICA/Resources/AICD-RC_Country_Report-FR.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024085914/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRICA/Resources/AICD-RC_Country_Report-FR.pdf |archive-date=24 October 2016 |access-date=8 September 2021 |website=World Bank |page=1 |language=fr}}</ref> Bayan binciken da aka yi a shekara ta 2009, aikin ya kasance ba ya aiki har sai an gudanar da taro tsakanin kasashen biyu a [[Libreville]], Gabon a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2016. A watan Janairun 2017, ECCAS ta sake farfado da aikin, tare da Bankin Raya Afirka ya yi alkawarin Yuro miliyan 250 ga aikin. Congos guda biyu za su tara sauran Yuro miliyan 110 kuma su nemi masu ba da gudummawa don ƙarin Yuro miliyan 40.<ref name="25jan17" /> An sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya a hukumance a watan Nuwamba na 2018 tsakanin ROC da DRC don gadar farashi mai tsawon mita 1,575 don haɗa manyan biranen su. Tun daga wannan lokacin an jinkirta ayyukan gini akai-akai kuma ana sa ran fara aikin a 2023. Ana sa ran za a kammala gadar a cikin 2028.<ref name="23mar20" /> A watan Fabrairun 2025, jami'an Kongo sun ce za a bude takardar shaidar a watan Yunin 2025 kuma za a zabi takardar shaidarsa a watan Satumbar 2025, tare da kusantar kudi.<ref name="Adiac-2025">{{Cite web |date=11 February 2025 |title=Pont route-rail Brazzaville-Kinshasa : le concessionnaire sera désigné en septembre |url=https://www.adiac-congo.com/content/pont-route-rail-brazzaville-kinshasa-le-concessionnaire-sera-designe-en-septembre-162735 |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Les Dépêches de Brazzaville |language=fr}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2026, duk da haka, jami'ai daga kasashen biyu sun ce sabon tsarin haraji da kwastomomi zai ba da damar sake fara tsarin neman shawarwari a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa.<ref name="ACGT-2026">{{Cite web |date=6 February 2026 |title=Pont route-rail Kinshasa–Brazzaville : la RDC et le Congo s’accordent sur un régime fiscal commun |url=https://acgt.cd/2026/02/06/pont-route-rail-kinshasa-brazzaville-la-rdc-et-le-congo-saccordent-sur-un-regime-fiscal-commun/ |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Agence Congolaise des Grands Travaux |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="RadioOkapi-2026">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2026 |title=Pont entre Kinshasa et Brazzaville: validation de l'accord bilatéral sur l’application du régime fiscal |url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/05/actualite/economie/pont-entre-kinshasa-et-brazzaville-validation-de-laccord-bilateral-sur |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Radio Okapi |language=fr}}</ref> Africa50 ta ci gaba da bayyana kanta a cikin 2026 a matsayin jagorar mai haɓaka aikin, wanda ke da alhakin tsara haɗin gwiwar jama'a da masu zaman kansu da kuma jagorantar shirye-shiryen aikin da ci gaba.<ref name="Africa50">{{Cite web |title=Bridge Linking Kinshasa and Brazzaville |url=https://www.africa50.com/our-funds/projects/bridge-linking-kinshasa-and-brazzaville/ |access-date=18 April 2026 |website=Africa50}}</ref> == Ma'auni == Hanyar jirgin kasa za ta kasance hanya ɗaya. Dukkanin bangarorin gadar suna amfani da ma'auni na 1067mm. Don jituwa tare da [[Kungiyar tarayyar africa dake kula da layin dogo|AIHSRN]] na uku rails ko Dual Gauge sleepers ya kamata a samar da su. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin gadoji na hanyar dogo * Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Jamhuriyar Kongo * Jerin tashoshin jirgin kasa a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * Hanyar Tripoli-Cape Town * Hanyar Hanyar Halitta ta Afirka * Dangantakar Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo da Jamhuriwar Kongo * Kinshasa-Brazzaville == Manazarta == 9cycmg315pcip8yfn6t5rhten8h6ijl 0 153167 842633 2026-05-29T16:52:28Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332765895|Boma, Democratic Republic of the Congo]]" 842633 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boma''' gari ne mai tashar jiragen ruwa a kan [[Kogin Congo]], kimanin {{Convert|100|km|mi}} daga [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]], a Lardin Tsakiyar Kongo na [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC), kusa da kan iyaka da [[Angola]] . Tana da kimanin yawan jama'a 162,521 a shekarar 2012. Boma ita ce babban birnin Congo Free State da Belgian Congo (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo ta zamani) daga 1 ga Mayu 1886 zuwa 1923, lokacin da aka koma babban birnin zuwa Léopoldville (tun lokacin da aka sake masa suna [[Kinshasa]]). Tashar jiragen ruwa tana kula da fitar da katako na wurare masu zafi, [[ayaba]], koko, da kayan dabino. == Tarihi == 'Yan kasuwa na Turai ne suka kafa Boma a karni na 16 a matsayin wurin ajiya, gami da [[TARIHIN BAUTAR BAYI|Cinikin bayi]]. Ciniki ya kasance a hannun 'yan kasuwa na Holland, amma kamfanonin Burtaniya, Faransa da Fotigal suma suna da masana'antu a can. Babu wani iko na Turai da ya yi amfani da ikon mallaka, kodayake da'awar ta kasance daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ta Portugal. Mai binciken Burtaniya Henry Morton Stanley ya isa nan a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta 1877, bayan ya haye Afirka daga gabas zuwa yamma. A shekara ta 1884 an tilasta wa mutanen Boma su ba da kariya ga [[Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Kongo]], wanda ya ƙunshi ikon Turai.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Boma}}</ref> A shekara ta 1886 Sarki Leopold na Belgium ya kafa Jihar Congo Free State, inda ya sanya Boma a matsayin babban birninta. Ya gudanar da jihar a matsayin mulkin kansa na shekaru da yawa, kusan ya bautar da 'yan Kongo da yawa tare da sojoji masu zaman kansu, kuma ya yi amfani da su don tilasta samar da roba. Fushi na kasa da kasa da kuma mataki da majalisar dokokin Belgium ta yi ya haifar da gwamnati ta karɓi kulawar abin da aka kafa a matsayin mulkin mallaka na Belgian Congo a cikin 1908. Boma continued as the capital of the Belgian Congo until 1923. [[Kinshasa|Léopoldville]], since renamed as [[Kinshasa]], was designated as the new capital. == Sufuri == Boma tana kan iyakar arewacin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], kimanin kilomita 100 daga Muanda, inda kogin ke gudana cikin [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]]. Babban faɗin da zurfin kogin yana ba da damar jiragen ruwa su isa Boma, wanda shine tashar jiragen ruwa ta biyu mafi girma a DR Congo, bayan Matadi. Tsakanin 1889 da 1984, tashar jiragen ruwa ta yi aiki da Layin Mayumbe daga Tshela. An fara gina layin ne a matsayin ma'auni na 610 mm (24 inci) a cikin 1889 kafin a canza shi zuwa 600 mm a cikin 1932.&nbsp; == Shahararrun mutane == * Antoine-Roger Bolamba (1913-2002), ɗan siyasa kuma mawaƙi * Claude Kiambe (an haife shi a shekara ta 2003), mawaƙi kuma marubucin waƙa == Yanayi == [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Tsarin rarraba yanayi na Köppen-Geiger]] ya rarraba yanayin sa a matsayin ruwan zafi da bushe (''Aw''). Mafi girman zafin jiki na rikodin ya kasance {{Convert|41|C}} ° C ({{Convert|10|C}} ° F) a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 1976, yayin da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya kasance 10 ° C (50 ° F) ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1976. <ref name="Voodoo Skies">{{Cite web |title=Boma, Zaire |url=http://voodooskies.com/weather/zaire/boma |access-date=2014-02-05 |publisher=Voodoo Skies}}</ref>{{Weather box}} == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == <gallery widths="200" heights="200"> Fayil:102_Le_pier_de_Boma.jpg|Boma pier, 1899 Fayil:103_Les_autorités_au_bout_du_pier_à_Boma.jpg|Authorities at the end of the pier, Boma, 1899 Fayil:Hezekiah_Andrew_Shanu-Anciens_rois_de_Boma.jpg|''The nine old kings of Boma'' (phot. [[Herzekiah Andrew Shanu|H. A. Shanu]], 1898), [[Gidan Tarihi na Sarauta na Afirka ta Tsakiya|Royal Museum for Central Africa]] Fayil:Shinkakasa01.jpg|Fort de Shinkakasa &#x2013; fortification on the Congo River near Boma Fayil:Boma_church.jpg|Church of Boma, which still exists; oldest in the country Fayil:Residentie_van_de_gouverneur-generaal.jpg|Residence of the Governor-General in Boma Fayil:Congo_Map_by_Stanley.jpg|Henry Morton Stanley's map of the area during his expedition down the Congo River Fayil:L'église_de_Boma_,_RDC.jpg|Church of Boma, January 2007 </gallery> == Dubi kuma == * Sufuri a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * Diocese na Roman Katolika na Boma == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Biranen Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango]] p1mq6nlguemaviqhpsgly2hxnk785qg 842634 842633 2026-05-29T16:52:47Z Pharouqenr 25549 842634 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Boma''' gari ne mai tashar jiragen ruwa a kan [[Kogin Congo]], kimanin {{Convert|100|km|mi}} daga [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]], a Lardin Tsakiyar Kongo na [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC), kusa da kan iyaka da [[Angola]] . Tana da kimanin yawan jama'a 162,521 a shekarar 2012. Boma ita ce babban birnin Congo Free State da Belgian Congo (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo ta zamani) daga 1 ga Mayu 1886 zuwa 1923, lokacin da aka koma babban birnin zuwa Léopoldville (tun lokacin da aka sake masa suna [[Kinshasa]]). Tashar jiragen ruwa tana kula da fitar da katako na wurare masu zafi, [[ayaba]], koko, da kayan dabino. == Tarihi == 'Yan kasuwa na Turai ne suka kafa Boma a karni na 16 a matsayin wurin ajiya, gami da [[TARIHIN BAUTAR BAYI|Cinikin bayi]]. Ciniki ya kasance a hannun 'yan kasuwa na Holland, amma kamfanonin Burtaniya, Faransa da Fotigal suma suna da masana'antu a can. Babu wani iko na Turai da ya yi amfani da ikon mallaka, kodayake da'awar ta kasance daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ta Portugal. Mai binciken Burtaniya Henry Morton Stanley ya isa nan a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta 1877, bayan ya haye Afirka daga gabas zuwa yamma. A shekara ta 1884 an tilasta wa mutanen Boma su ba da kariya ga [[Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Kongo]], wanda ya ƙunshi ikon Turai.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Boma}}</ref> A shekara ta 1886 Sarki Leopold na Belgium ya kafa Jihar Congo Free State, inda ya sanya Boma a matsayin babban birninta. Ya gudanar da jihar a matsayin mulkin kansa na shekaru da yawa, kusan ya bautar da 'yan Kongo da yawa tare da sojoji masu zaman kansu, kuma ya yi amfani da su don tilasta samar da roba. Fushi na kasa da kasa da kuma mataki da majalisar dokokin Belgium ta yi ya haifar da gwamnati ta karɓi kulawar abin da aka kafa a matsayin mulkin mallaka na Belgian Congo a cikin 1908. Boma continued as the capital of the Belgian Congo until 1923. [[Kinshasa|Léopoldville]], since renamed as [[Kinshasa]], was designated as the new capital. == Sufuri == Boma tana kan iyakar arewacin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], kimanin kilomita 100 daga Muanda, inda kogin ke gudana cikin [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]]. Babban faɗin da zurfin kogin yana ba da damar jiragen ruwa su isa Boma, wanda shine tashar jiragen ruwa ta biyu mafi girma a DR Congo, bayan Matadi. Tsakanin 1889 da 1984, tashar jiragen ruwa ta yi aiki da Layin Mayumbe daga Tshela. An fara gina layin ne a matsayin ma'auni na 610 mm (24 inci) a cikin 1889 kafin a canza shi zuwa 600 mm a cikin 1932.&nbsp; == Shahararrun mutane == * Antoine-Roger Bolamba (1913-2002), ɗan siyasa kuma mawaƙi * Claude Kiambe (an haife shi a shekara ta 2003), mawaƙi kuma marubucin waƙa == Yanayi == [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Tsarin rarraba yanayi na Köppen-Geiger]] ya rarraba yanayin sa a matsayin ruwan zafi da bushe (''Aw''). Mafi girman zafin jiki na rikodin ya kasance {{Convert|41|C}} ° C ({{Convert|10|C}} ° F) a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 1976, yayin da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya kasance 10 ° C (50 ° F) ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1976. <ref name="Voodoo Skies">{{Cite web |title=Boma, Zaire |url=http://voodooskies.com/weather/zaire/boma |access-date=2014-02-05 |publisher=Voodoo Skies}}</ref>{{Weather box}} == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == <gallery widths="200" heights="200"> Fayil:102_Le_pier_de_Boma.jpg|Boma pier, 1899 Fayil:103_Les_autorités_au_bout_du_pier_à_Boma.jpg|Authorities at the end of the pier, Boma, 1899 Fayil:Hezekiah_Andrew_Shanu-Anciens_rois_de_Boma.jpg|''The nine old kings of Boma'' (phot. [[Herzekiah Andrew Shanu|H. A. Shanu]], 1898), [[Gidan Tarihi na Sarauta na Afirka ta Tsakiya|Royal Museum for Central Africa]] Fayil:Shinkakasa01.jpg|Fort de Shinkakasa &#x2013; fortification on the Congo River near Boma Fayil:Boma_church.jpg|Church of Boma, which still exists; oldest in the country Fayil:Residentie_van_de_gouverneur-generaal.jpg|Residence of the Governor-General in Boma Fayil:Congo_Map_by_Stanley.jpg|Henry Morton Stanley's map of the area during his expedition down the Congo River Fayil:L'église_de_Boma_,_RDC.jpg|Church of Boma, January 2007 </gallery> == Dubi kuma == * Sufuri a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * Diocese na Roman Katolika na Boma == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Biranen Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango]] 9a97oiqmbt6iick21tfzbnveh43mkeg 0 153168 842635 2026-05-29T16:53:10Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354800363|La cité du Fleuve]]" 842635 wikitext text/x-wiki La Cité du Fleuve ci gaba ce ta zama a gefen [[Kinshasa]], [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], ana gina ta a kan ƙasar da aka dawo da ita daga [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 February 2014 |title=Une première à Kinshasa, voici la cité du fleuve |url=https://www.business-et-finances.com/une-premiere-a-kinshasa-voici-la-cite-du-fleuve |website=Business et Finances |language=fr}}</ref> An sanar da La Cité du Fleuve a farkon shekara ta 2008. A watan Yunin shekara ta 2009 ne aka fara aikin gyaran ƙasa da aikin gini. Ci gaban ya kasance a kan sararin ƙasa da aka dawo da shi a cikin yashi da marshes na kogin Kongo, kai tsaye kusa da [[Kinshasa]]. Bayan kammala, ana sa ran sabon tsibirin zai zama mazauna 250,000. A watan Nuwamba 2015 an kammala wannan aikin ne kawai kashi 20 cikin dari, kuma saka hannun jari ya wuce dala miliyan 100.<ref name="7sur7.cd">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2015 |title=Le projet 'Cité du Fleuve' connaît une forte adhésion des Congolais |url=http://7sur7.cd/new/le-projet-cite-du-fleuve-connait-une-forte-adhesion-des-congolais/ |website=7sur7.cd |language=fr}}</ref> A cikin 2021, an kammala gidaje 500.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-05 |title=Congo Hold-up: la Cité du fleuve, l’autre histoire de la «cité merveilleuse» au cœur de Kinshasa |url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20211205-congo-hold-up-la-cit%C3%A9-du-fleuve-l-autre-histoire-de-la-cit%C3%A9-merveilleuse-au-c%C5%93ur-de-kinshasa |access-date=2025-11-27 |website=RFI |language=fr}}</ref> A cikin 2024, ambaliyar ruwa ta shafi ci gaban.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-07 |title=Kinshasa : La Cité du fleuve sous les eaux du fleuve depuis plus de deux semaines |url=https://scooprdc.net/2024/01/07/kinshasa-la-cite-du-fleuve-sous-les-eaux-du-fleuve-depuis-plus-de-deux-semaines/ |access-date=2025-11-27 |website=Scoop RDC |language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Manazarta == 5fowe0mjpmg7tesd7wm79d8kn9hcacq 842636 842635 2026-05-29T16:53:35Z Pharouqenr 25549 842636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''La Cité du Fleuve''' ci gaba ce ta zama a gefen [[Kinshasa]], [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], ana gina ta a kan ƙasar da aka dawo da ita daga [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 February 2014 |title=Une première à Kinshasa, voici la cité du fleuve |url=https://www.business-et-finances.com/une-premiere-a-kinshasa-voici-la-cite-du-fleuve |website=Business et Finances |language=fr}}</ref> An sanar da La Cité du Fleuve a farkon shekara ta 2008. A watan Yunin shekara ta 2009 ne aka fara aikin gyaran ƙasa da aikin gini. Ci gaban ya kasance a kan sararin ƙasa da aka dawo da shi a cikin yashi da marshes na kogin Kongo, kai tsaye kusa da [[Kinshasa]]. Bayan kammala, ana sa ran sabon tsibirin zai zama mazauna 250,000. A watan Nuwamba 2015 an kammala wannan aikin ne kawai kashi 20 cikin dari, kuma saka hannun jari ya wuce dala miliyan 100.<ref name="7sur7.cd">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2015 |title=Le projet 'Cité du Fleuve' connaît une forte adhésion des Congolais |url=http://7sur7.cd/new/le-projet-cite-du-fleuve-connait-une-forte-adhesion-des-congolais/ |website=7sur7.cd |language=fr}}</ref> A cikin 2021, an kammala gidaje 500.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-05 |title=Congo Hold-up: la Cité du fleuve, l’autre histoire de la «cité merveilleuse» au cœur de Kinshasa |url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20211205-congo-hold-up-la-cit%C3%A9-du-fleuve-l-autre-histoire-de-la-cit%C3%A9-merveilleuse-au-c%C5%93ur-de-kinshasa |access-date=2025-11-27 |website=RFI |language=fr}}</ref> A cikin 2024, ambaliyar ruwa ta shafi ci gaban.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-07 |title=Kinshasa : La Cité du fleuve sous les eaux du fleuve depuis plus de deux semaines |url=https://scooprdc.net/2024/01/07/kinshasa-la-cite-du-fleuve-sous-les-eaux-du-fleuve-depuis-plus-de-deux-semaines/ |access-date=2025-11-27 |website=Scoop RDC |language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Manazarta == bjh1722zi0cijoaievlzsdj20ex7vc6 0 153169 842637 2026-05-29T16:54:25Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350911679|Mbandaka]]" 842637 wikitext text/x-wiki (mai suna [mbaˈnda.ka], wanda aka fi sani da '''Coquilhatville''' a [[Faransanci]], ko '''Coquilhatstad''' a Yaren mutanen Holland) birni ne a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar]] [[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] da ke kusa da haɗuwar kogin Kongo da Ruki . Shi ne babban birnin lardin Equateur. An kafa birnin ne a 1883 ta hanyar mai binciken Burtaniya Henry Morton Stanley a ƙarƙashin sunan Équateurville. Hedikwatar Yankin Sojan Ruwa na huɗu na Sojan Rukunin Ruwa na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo tana cikin birnin. == Yanayin ƙasa == Mbandaka tana kan gabas na [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] a ƙarƙashin bakin Kogin Ruki, wani yanki na Kogin Congo. Kudancin ajiyar Ngiri, babban yanki na gandun daji a gefen Congo, yana tsakiyar yankin Tumba-Ngiri-Maindombe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CD003 Ngiri |url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=6059 |access-date=2012-01-30 |publisher=Birdlife International}}</ref> == Bayyanawa == Mbandaka ita ce babban birnin lardin Équateur, kuma tana da nisan kilomita kaɗan daga ma'auni. Gida ce ga Filin jirgin saman Mbandaka kuma an haɗa ta da tafiya ta kwana huɗu zuwa bakwai ta hanyar jirgin ruwa zuwa [[Kinshasa]] da Boende. Kinshasa yana da sa'a daya a cikin jirgin sama. Mutanen ƙabilar Mongo ne suka fi yawan jama'ar Mbandaka, kodayake mutane daga kabilun da yankuna daban-daban suna zaune a cikin birni. Manyan harsunan da ake magana a Mbandaka sune Lingala, [[Faransanci]], da Mongo. Shekaru na yaki da sakaci sun haifar da lalacewar ababen more rayuwa na birni; manyan yankuna na birni ba su da wutar lantarki ko ruwa mai gudana. Yawancin tituna da hanyoyin birni hanyoyi ne marasa tsabta. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Mbandaka_koloniale_architectuur_Banque_du_Congo_belge.JPG|thumb|Ginin Bankin Belgian Congo]] Mbandaka an kafa shi ne a cikin 1883 ta hanyar mai binciken Burtaniya Henry Morton Stanley, wanda ya ba shi suna "''"Equateurville".''". (A lokacin yankin yana ƙarƙashin mulkin Sarki Leopold II, sarkin Belgium kuma harshen hukuma Faransanci ne.) A shekara ta 1886, a farkon mulkin mallaka, 'yan Belgium sun canza sunan garin zuwa "Coquilhatville" suna kiransa bayan Camille-Aimé Coquilhat . A cikin 1938, an fara aiki a kan gada a kan Kogin Kongo wanda ke haɗa Coquilhatville da Kongo na Faransa (yanzu [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]]). An watsar da aikin a lokacin barkewar [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]], kuma kawai tushe na ginshiƙan gada ne ya rage. A cikin shekarun 1930, Gwamnatin [[Belgian Congo|Kwango ta Belgium]] ta fara ayyukan da yawa, gami da masana'antu da sabon zauren gari. An kammala zauren birni a 1947, jim kadan bayan karshen yakin duniya na biyu. A wannan lokacin, tare da tsawo na {{Convert|39|m|ft}} , shine gini mafi tsayi a Belgian Congo. An shigar da mutum-mutumi na Leopold II a kan rufinsa. Wutar ta lalata zauren gari a 1963. Bayan da Belgian Congo ta sami 'yancin kanta a matsayin Jamhuriyar Kongo, sabuwar gwamnati ta canza sunan wannan birni a 1966 zuwa ''"Mbandaka"'' don girmama wani fitaccen shugaban yankin. === Kisan kiyashi na Hutu === Kusan ƙarshen [[Yaƙin Kongo na farko]] a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, an kashe daruruwan mutane (musamman 'yan gudun hijira na [[Hutu]], mata, da yara) a nan a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1997 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jason Stearn |date=August 26, 2010 |title=Bombshell UN report leaked: 'Crimes of genocide' against Hutus in Congo |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2010/0826/Bombshell-UN-report-leaked-Crimes-of-genocide-against-Hutus-in-Congo |publisher=Christian Science Monitor}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=James C. McKinley Jr |last2=Howard W. French |date=November 14, 1997 |title=Hidden Horrors: Special Report: Tracing the Guilty Footsteps Along Zaire's Long Trail of Death |url=https://mobile.nytimes.com/1997/11/14/world/hidden-horrors-special-report-uncovering-guilty-footprints-along-zaire-s-long.html |website=New York Times}}</ref> Sojojin Kongo sun ce umarnin ya fito ne daga Col. Wilson, shugaban brigade na sojojin Kabila, da kuma Col. Richard, shugaban ayyukan brigade, duka Rwandan. Janar Gaston Muyango (Congolese) yana da taken kwamandan soja amma ba shi da iko na gaske, sun ce.<ref>{{Cite web |last=John Pomfret |date=June 11, 1997 |title=MASSACRES WERE A WEAPON IN CONGO'S CIVIL WAR |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1997/06/11/massacres-were-a-weapon-in-congos-civil-war/d108200d-90f7-4ee9-8331-e0be34b9ea79/ |website=Washington Post}}</ref> === Yaduwar cutar Ebola === On 16 May 2018, a case of [[Ƙwayoyin cuta na Ebola|Ebola]] occurred in the city, the disease having spread there from an outbreak in the countryside.<ref name="BBC-2">{{Cite web |title=DR Congo Ebola outbreak: WHO in emergency talks as cases spread |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-44164027 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> A new outbreak was reported on 1 June 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Second Ebola outbreak confirmed in DRC after four people die |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/science-and-disease/experts-scramble-confirm-second-ebola-outbreak-drc/ |publisher=Telegraph}}</ref> Three cases were confirmed by the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|WHO]] and three cases are probable, of whom four people had died as of June 2, 2020. [[Rukuni:Biranen Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] g1m9k1pbw6b941eenssxtma2po91j6f 842638 842637 2026-05-29T16:55:16Z Pharouqenr 25549 842638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [mbaˈnda.ka], wanda aka fi sani da '''Coquilhatville''' a [[Faransanci]], ko '''Coquilhatstad''' a Yaren mutanen Holland) birni ne a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar]] [[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] da ke kusa da haɗuwar kogin Kongo da Ruki . Shi ne babban birnin lardin Equateur. An kafa birnin ne a 1883 ta hanyar mai binciken Burtaniya Henry Morton Stanley a ƙarƙashin sunan Équateurville. Hedikwatar Yankin Sojan Ruwa na huɗu na Sojan Rukunin Ruwa na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo tana cikin birnin. == Yanayin ƙasa == Mbandaka tana kan gabas na [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] a ƙarƙashin bakin Kogin Ruki, wani yanki na Kogin Congo. Kudancin ajiyar Ngiri, babban yanki na gandun daji a gefen Congo, yana tsakiyar yankin Tumba-Ngiri-Maindombe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CD003 Ngiri |url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=6059 |access-date=2012-01-30 |publisher=Birdlife International}}</ref> == Bayyanawa == Mbandaka ita ce babban birnin lardin Équateur, kuma tana da nisan kilomita kaɗan daga ma'auni. Gida ce ga Filin jirgin saman Mbandaka kuma an haɗa ta da tafiya ta kwana huɗu zuwa bakwai ta hanyar jirgin ruwa zuwa [[Kinshasa]] da Boende. Kinshasa yana da sa'a daya a cikin jirgin sama. Mutanen ƙabilar Mongo ne suka fi yawan jama'ar Mbandaka, kodayake mutane daga kabilun da yankuna daban-daban suna zaune a cikin birni. Manyan harsunan da ake magana a Mbandaka sune Lingala, [[Faransanci]], da Mongo. Shekaru na yaki da sakaci sun haifar da lalacewar ababen more rayuwa na birni; manyan yankuna na birni ba su da wutar lantarki ko ruwa mai gudana. Yawancin tituna da hanyoyin birni hanyoyi ne marasa tsabta. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Mbandaka_koloniale_architectuur_Banque_du_Congo_belge.JPG|thumb|Ginin Bankin Belgian Congo]] Mbandaka an kafa shi ne a cikin 1883 ta hanyar mai binciken Burtaniya Henry Morton Stanley, wanda ya ba shi suna "''"Equateurville".''". (A lokacin yankin yana ƙarƙashin mulkin Sarki Leopold II, sarkin Belgium kuma harshen hukuma Faransanci ne.) A shekara ta 1886, a farkon mulkin mallaka, 'yan Belgium sun canza sunan garin zuwa "Coquilhatville" suna kiransa bayan Camille-Aimé Coquilhat . A cikin 1938, an fara aiki a kan gada a kan Kogin Kongo wanda ke haɗa Coquilhatville da Kongo na Faransa (yanzu [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]]). An watsar da aikin a lokacin barkewar [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]], kuma kawai tushe na ginshiƙan gada ne ya rage. A cikin shekarun 1930, Gwamnatin [[Belgian Congo|Kwango ta Belgium]] ta fara ayyukan da yawa, gami da masana'antu da sabon zauren gari. An kammala zauren birni a 1947, jim kadan bayan karshen yakin duniya na biyu. A wannan lokacin, tare da tsawo na {{Convert|39|m|ft}} , shine gini mafi tsayi a Belgian Congo. An shigar da mutum-mutumi na Leopold II a kan rufinsa. Wutar ta lalata zauren gari a 1963. Bayan da Belgian Congo ta sami 'yancin kanta a matsayin Jamhuriyar Kongo, sabuwar gwamnati ta canza sunan wannan birni a 1966 zuwa ''"Mbandaka"'' don girmama wani fitaccen shugaban yankin. === Kisan kiyashi na Hutu === Kusan ƙarshen [[Yaƙin Kongo na farko]] a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, an kashe daruruwan mutane (musamman 'yan gudun hijira na [[Hutu]], mata, da yara) a nan a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1997 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jason Stearn |date=August 26, 2010 |title=Bombshell UN report leaked: 'Crimes of genocide' against Hutus in Congo |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2010/0826/Bombshell-UN-report-leaked-Crimes-of-genocide-against-Hutus-in-Congo |publisher=Christian Science Monitor}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=James C. McKinley Jr |last2=Howard W. French |date=November 14, 1997 |title=Hidden Horrors: Special Report: Tracing the Guilty Footsteps Along Zaire's Long Trail of Death |url=https://mobile.nytimes.com/1997/11/14/world/hidden-horrors-special-report-uncovering-guilty-footprints-along-zaire-s-long.html |website=New York Times}}</ref> Sojojin Kongo sun ce umarnin ya fito ne daga Col. Wilson, shugaban brigade na sojojin Kabila, da kuma Col. Richard, shugaban ayyukan brigade, duka Rwandan. Janar Gaston Muyango (Congolese) yana da taken kwamandan soja amma ba shi da iko na gaske, sun ce.<ref>{{Cite web |last=John Pomfret |date=June 11, 1997 |title=MASSACRES WERE A WEAPON IN CONGO'S CIVIL WAR |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1997/06/11/massacres-were-a-weapon-in-congos-civil-war/d108200d-90f7-4ee9-8331-e0be34b9ea79/ |website=Washington Post}}</ref> === Yaduwar cutar Ebola === On 16 May 2018, a case of [[Ƙwayoyin cuta na Ebola|Ebola]] occurred in the city, the disease having spread there from an outbreak in the countryside.<ref name="BBC-2">{{Cite web |title=DR Congo Ebola outbreak: WHO in emergency talks as cases spread |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-44164027 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> A new outbreak was reported on 1 June 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Second Ebola outbreak confirmed in DRC after four people die |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/science-and-disease/experts-scramble-confirm-second-ebola-outbreak-drc/ |publisher=Telegraph}}</ref> Three cases were confirmed by the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|WHO]] and three cases are probable, of whom four people had died as of June 2, 2020. [[Rukuni:Biranen Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 49grzqjnjgx5hs926t7p9kw1ucrx1fq 0 153170 842639 2026-05-29T16:58:47Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351733231|Likangala River]]" 842639 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Likangala_river.jpg|thumb|Yara suna tattara ruwa a gefen kogin Likangala wanda ke ratsawa ta Zomba.]] '''Kogin Likangala''' ya samo asali ne daga dutsen Zomba da ke kudancin [[Malawi]] kuma yana ratsa birane da karkara kafin ya kwarara zuwa [[tafkin Chilwa]], wani yanki mai dausayi mai mahimmanci na duniya, kasancewarsa wurin ajiyar halittu [[UNESCO|na UNESCO]] da kuma wurin Ramsar. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (June 2017)">rashin tabbatarwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Malawi - Ramsar |url=http://www.ramsar.org/wetland/malawi |website=www.ramsar.org}}</ref> Tsawon kogin ya kai 50&nbsp;kilomita da kwararar ruwa tare da yanayin ƙasa daban-daban tsakanin tsayin 1265&nbsp;m da 790&nbsp;m sama da matakin teku. Ruwan da ke kewaye da shi ya mamaye 756&nbsp;km ^2. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chidya |first=R. C. G. |last2=Sajidu |first2=S. M. I. |last3=Mwatseteza |first3=J. F. |last4=Masamba |first4=W. R. L. |date=1 January 2011 |title=Evaluation and assessment of water quality in Likangala River and its catchment area |journal=Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C |volume=36 |issue=14 |pages=865–871 |bibcode=2011PCE....36..865C |doi=10.1016/j.pce.2011.07.070}}</ref> Kogi ne mai muhimmanci da ke samar da ruwa ga amfanin gida da ban ruwa. Haka kuma kogin ne ke samar da ruwa ga tsarin noman shinkafa [[Likangala|na Likangala]] wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1969, wanda ke kula da kimanin manoma 200 kuma ya mamaye yanki mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 415.&nbsp;Girman ha. Al'ummomin da ke zaune a yankin magudanar ruwa suna amfana daga ayyukan samar da kayayyaki da yawa, ciki har da abincin daji, ciyawa, yashi, dutse, kifi da itace. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pullanikkatil |first=Deepa |last2=Palamuleni |first2=Lobina |last3=Ruhiiga |first3=Tabukeli |date=1 June 2016 |title=Assessment of land use change in Likangala River catchment, Malawi: A remote sensing and DPSIR approach |journal=Applied Geography |volume=71 |pages=9–23 |doi=10.1016/j.apgeog.2016.04.005}}</ref> Ingancin ruwa na Likangala ya bambanta a tsawonsa, da kuma tushen gurɓatawa mai zurfi da mara tushe. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pullanikkatil |first=D. |last2=Palamuleni |first2=L. G. |last3=Ruhiiga |first3=T. M. |date=3 July 2015 |title=Impact of land use on water quality in the Likangala catchment, southern Malawi |journal=African Journal of Aquatic Science |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=277–286 |doi=10.2989/16085914.2015.1077777 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Inda ya ratsa birnin Zomba, ruwan da ke fitowa daga shirye-shiryen [[Maganin shara a ruwa|tsaftace ruwan sharar gida]] yana haɗuwa da kogin yana haifar da canjin launi da haɓakar algae. == Manazarta == Lake IhotryLikangala RiverLake IhotryLikangala RiverLikangala RiverLake IhotryLake IhotryLikangala RiverLake IhotryLikangala RiverLake IhotryLikangala River dymzin97ic8lbrcsncgkwq1t4456kjs 842640 842639 2026-05-29T16:59:09Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842640 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Likangala_river.jpg|thumb|Yara suna tattara ruwa a gefen kogin Likangala wanda ke ratsawa ta Zomba.]] '''Kogin Likangala''' ya samo asali ne daga dutsen Zomba da ke kudancin [[Malawi]] kuma yana ratsa birane da karkara kafin ya kwarara zuwa [[tafkin Chilwa]], wani yanki mai dausayi mai mahimmanci na duniya, kasancewarsa wurin ajiyar halittu [[UNESCO|na UNESCO]] da kuma wurin Ramsar. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (June 2017)">rashin tabbatarwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Malawi - Ramsar |url=http://www.ramsar.org/wetland/malawi |website=www.ramsar.org}}</ref> Tsawon kogin ya kai 50&nbsp;kilomita da kwararar ruwa tare da yanayin ƙasa daban-daban tsakanin tsayin 1265&nbsp;m da 790&nbsp;m sama da matakin teku. Ruwan da ke kewaye da shi ya mamaye 756&nbsp;km ^2. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chidya |first=R. C. G. |last2=Sajidu |first2=S. M. I. |last3=Mwatseteza |first3=J. F. |last4=Masamba |first4=W. R. L. |date=1 January 2011 |title=Evaluation and assessment of water quality in Likangala River and its catchment area |journal=Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C |volume=36 |issue=14 |pages=865–871 |bibcode=2011PCE....36..865C |doi=10.1016/j.pce.2011.07.070}}</ref> Kogi ne mai muhimmanci da ke samar da ruwa ga amfanin gida da ban ruwa. Haka kuma kogin ne ke samar da ruwa ga tsarin noman shinkafa [[Likangala|na Likangala]] wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1969, wanda ke kula da kimanin manoma 200 kuma ya mamaye yanki mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 415.&nbsp;Girman ha. Al'ummomin da ke zaune a yankin magudanar ruwa suna amfana daga ayyukan samar da kayayyaki da yawa, ciki har da abincin daji, ciyawa, yashi, dutse, kifi da itace. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pullanikkatil |first=Deepa |last2=Palamuleni |first2=Lobina |last3=Ruhiiga |first3=Tabukeli |date=1 June 2016 |title=Assessment of land use change in Likangala River catchment, Malawi: A remote sensing and DPSIR approach |journal=Applied Geography |volume=71 |pages=9–23 |doi=10.1016/j.apgeog.2016.04.005}}</ref> Ingancin ruwa na Likangala ya bambanta a tsawonsa, da kuma tushen gurɓatawa mai zurfi da mara tushe. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pullanikkatil |first=D. |last2=Palamuleni |first2=L. G. |last3=Ruhiiga |first3=T. M. |date=3 July 2015 |title=Impact of land use on water quality in the Likangala catchment, southern Malawi |journal=African Journal of Aquatic Science |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=277–286 |doi=10.2989/16085914.2015.1077777 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Inda ya ratsa birnin Zomba, ruwan da ke fitowa daga shirye-shiryen [[Maganin shara a ruwa|tsaftace ruwan sharar gida]] yana haɗuwa da kogin yana haifar da canjin launi da haɓakar algae. == Manazarta == 7l6tzuvmavtc6i4dhgflv4980khsqlq 842641 842640 2026-05-29T17:00:39Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842641 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Likangala_river.jpg|thumb|Yara suna tattara ruwa a gefen kogin Likangala wanda ke ratsawa ta Zomba.]] '''Kogin Likangala''' ya samo asali ne daga dutsen Zomba da ke kudancin [[Malawi]] kuma yana ratsa birane da karkara kafin ya kwarara zuwa [[tafkin Chilwa]], wani yanki mai dausayi mai mahimmanci na duniya, kasancewarsa wurin ajiyar halittu [[UNESCO|na UNESCO]] da kuma wurin Ramsar.<ref>http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id¼6678 {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (June 2017)">rashin tabbatarwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Malawi - Ramsar |url=http://www.ramsar.org/wetland/malawi |website=www.ramsar.org}}</ref> Tsawon kogin ya kai 50&nbsp;kilomita da kwararar ruwa tare da yanayin ƙasa daban-daban tsakanin tsayin 1265&nbsp;m da 790&nbsp;m sama da matakin teku. Ruwan da ke kewaye da shi ya mamaye 756&nbsp;km ^2. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chidya |first=R. C. G. |last2=Sajidu |first2=S. M. I. |last3=Mwatseteza |first3=J. F. |last4=Masamba |first4=W. R. L. |date=1 January 2011 |title=Evaluation and assessment of water quality in Likangala River and its catchment area |journal=Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C |volume=36 |issue=14 |pages=865–871 |bibcode=2011PCE....36..865C |doi=10.1016/j.pce.2011.07.070}}</ref> Kogi ne mai muhimmanci da ke samar da ruwa ga amfanin gida da ban ruwa. Haka kuma kogin ne ke samar da ruwa ga tsarin noman shinkafa [[Likangala|na Likangala]] wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1969, wanda ke kula da kimanin manoma 200 kuma ya mamaye yanki mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 415.&nbsp;Girman ha. Al'ummomin da ke zaune a yankin magudanar ruwa suna amfana daga ayyukan samar da kayayyaki da yawa, ciki har da abincin daji, ciyawa, yashi, dutse, kifi da itace. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pullanikkatil |first=Deepa |last2=Palamuleni |first2=Lobina |last3=Ruhiiga |first3=Tabukeli |date=1 June 2016 |title=Assessment of land use change in Likangala River catchment, Malawi: A remote sensing and DPSIR approach |journal=Applied Geography |volume=71 |pages=9–23 |doi=10.1016/j.apgeog.2016.04.005}}</ref> Ingancin ruwa na Likangala ya bambanta a tsawonsa, da kuma tushen gurɓatawa mai zurfi da mara tushe. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pullanikkatil |first=D. |last2=Palamuleni |first2=L. G. |last3=Ruhiiga |first3=T. M. |date=3 July 2015 |title=Impact of land use on water quality in the Likangala catchment, southern Malawi |journal=African Journal of Aquatic Science |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=277–286 |doi=10.2989/16085914.2015.1077777 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Inda ya ratsa birnin Zomba, ruwan da ke fitowa daga shirye-shiryen [[Maganin shara a ruwa|tsaftace ruwan sharar gida]] yana haɗuwa da kogin yana haifar da canjin launi da haɓakar algae.<ref>Ullberg, M., 2015. Temporal water quality study of the heavily human-impacted Likangala River, Zomba, Malawi. Uppsala University. http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:787196/FULLTEXT01.pdf</ref> == Manazarta == 1wwrc1od3cp04jxbp0vfm8jl3u98yj0 842642 842641 2026-05-29T17:01:51Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Likangala_river.jpg|thumb|Yara suna tattara ruwa a gefen kogin Likangala wanda ke ratsawa ta Zomba.]] '''Kogin Likangala''' ya samo asali ne daga dutsen Zomba da ke kudancin [[Malawi]] kuma yana ratsa birane da karkara kafin ya kwarara zuwa [[tafkin Chilwa]], wani yanki mai dausayi mai mahimmanci na duniya, kasancewarsa wurin ajiyar halittu [[UNESCO|na UNESCO]] da kuma wurin Ramsar.<ref>http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id¼6678 {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (June 2017)">rashin tabbatarwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Malawi - Ramsar |url=http://www.ramsar.org/wetland/malawi |website=www.ramsar.org}}</ref> Tsawon kogin ya kai 50&nbsp;kilomita da kwararar ruwa tare da yanayin ƙasa daban-daban tsakanin tsayin 1265&nbsp;m da 790&nbsp;m sama da matakin teku. Ruwan da ke kewaye da shi ya mamaye 756&nbsp;km ^2. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chidya |first=R. C. G. |last2=Sajidu |first2=S. M. I. |last3=Mwatseteza |first3=J. F. |last4=Masamba |first4=W. R. L. |date=1 January 2011 |title=Evaluation and assessment of water quality in Likangala River and its catchment area |journal=Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C |volume=36 |issue=14 |pages=865–871 |bibcode=2011PCE....36..865C |doi=10.1016/j.pce.2011.07.070}}</ref> Kogi ne mai muhimmanci da ke samar da ruwa ga amfanin gida da ban ruwa. Haka kuma kogin ne ke samar da ruwa ga tsarin noman shinkafa [[Likangala|na Likangala]] wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1969, wanda ke kula da kimanin manoma 200 kuma ya mamaye yanki mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 415.&nbsp;Girman ha. Al'ummomin da ke zaune a yankin magudanar ruwa suna amfana daga ayyukan samar da kayayyaki da yawa, ciki har da abincin daji, ciyawa, yashi, dutse, kifi da itace. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pullanikkatil |first=Deepa |last2=Palamuleni |first2=Lobina |last3=Ruhiiga |first3=Tabukeli |date=1 June 2016 |title=Assessment of land use change in Likangala River catchment, Malawi: A remote sensing and DPSIR approach |journal=Applied Geography |volume=71 |pages=9–23 |doi=10.1016/j.apgeog.2016.04.005}}</ref> Ingancin ruwa na Likangala ya bambanta a tsawonsa, da kuma tushen gurɓatawa mai zurfi da mara tushe. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pullanikkatil |first=D. |last2=Palamuleni |first2=L. G. |last3=Ruhiiga |first3=T. M. |date=3 July 2015 |title=Impact of land use on water quality in the Likangala catchment, southern Malawi |journal=African Journal of Aquatic Science |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=277–286 |doi=10.2989/16085914.2015.1077777 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Inda ya ratsa birnin Zomba, ruwan da ke fitowa daga shirye-shiryen [[Maganin shara a ruwa|tsaftace ruwan sharar gida]] yana haɗuwa da kogin yana haifar da canjin launi da haɓakar algae.<ref>Ullberg, M., 2015. Temporal water quality study of the heavily human-impacted Likangala River, Zomba, Malawi. Uppsala University. http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:787196/FULLTEXT01.pdf</ref> == Manazarta == twdhd29z7ef89de4lb8laz4471t1jl9 0 153171 842643 2026-05-29T17:06:33Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347533082|Moanda, Democratic Republic of the Congo]]" 842643 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moanda''' ko '''Muanda''' wani gari ne da yankin da ke kan tekun [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] na [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] a bakin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. Tana cikin lardin Kongo ta Tsakiya, kuma tana da yawan mutane 90,812 a shekarar 2012. Garin yana da filin jirgin sama kuma an san shi da rairayin bakin teku, kuma yana da wasu wuraren yawon bude ido, amma yawon bude hankali yana da alaƙa da manyan ayyukan tattalin arzikin garin.<ref>Climate: Moanda (altitude: 31m) - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Archived from the original on 2013-12-10. Retrieved 2013-12-06.</ref> Garin Muanda yana da kilomita 8 (5.0 arewa maso yammacin karamin tashar jiragen ruwa na Banana a bakin Kongo, da kilomita 6.5 (4.0 kudu maso gabashin Point Kipundji . Tashar Man Fetur ta Moanda, wacce ta kunshi dandamali daban-daban, bututun mai da tankar dindindin, tana da nisan kilomita 10 kudu maso yammacin Point Kipundji . <ref name="Sail" /> Kimanin kilomita 100 daga Muanda, a arewacin Kogin Kongo, akwai birnin Boma, tashar jiragen ruwa ta biyu mafi girma a DR Congo. Babban faɗin da zurfin Kogin Kongo yana ba da damar jiragen ruwa su isa Boma da tashar jiragen ruwa mafi girma, Matadi, duk da nisan da suke da shi daga bakin teku. == Yanayi == [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Tsarin rarraba yanayi na Köppen-Geiger]] ya rarraba yanayin Moanda a matsayin mai laushi da bushewa (''Aw''), kodayake yana da ɗanɗano kaɗan don kauce wa kasancewa a matsayin yanayin zafi mai zafi (''BSh''). == Dubi kuma == * Gidan shakatawa na Mangroves == Manazarta == hyp1yborr83ct8j0vxi771hzlajsqwp 842644 842643 2026-05-29T17:07:07Z Pharouqenr 25549 842644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Moanda''' ko '''Muanda''' wani gari ne da yankin da ke kan tekun [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] na [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] a bakin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. Tana cikin lardin Kongo ta Tsakiya, kuma tana da yawan mutane 90,812 a shekarar 2012. Garin yana da filin jirgin sama kuma an san shi da rairayin bakin teku, kuma yana da wasu wuraren yawon bude ido, amma yawon bude hankali yana da alaƙa da manyan ayyukan tattalin arzikin garin.<ref>Climate: Moanda (altitude: 31m) - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Archived from the original on 2013-12-10. Retrieved 2013-12-06.</ref> Garin Muanda yana da kilomita 8 (5.0 arewa maso yammacin karamin tashar jiragen ruwa na Banana a bakin Kongo, da kilomita 6.5 (4.0 kudu maso gabashin Point Kipundji . Tashar Man Fetur ta Moanda, wacce ta kunshi dandamali daban-daban, bututun mai da tankar dindindin, tana da nisan kilomita 10 kudu maso yammacin Point Kipundji . <ref name="Sail" /> Kimanin kilomita 100 daga Muanda, a arewacin Kogin Kongo, akwai birnin Boma, tashar jiragen ruwa ta biyu mafi girma a DR Congo. Babban faɗin da zurfin Kogin Kongo yana ba da damar jiragen ruwa su isa Boma da tashar jiragen ruwa mafi girma, Matadi, duk da nisan da suke da shi daga bakin teku. == Yanayi == [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Tsarin rarraba yanayi na Köppen-Geiger]] ya rarraba yanayin Moanda a matsayin mai laushi da bushewa (''Aw''), kodayake yana da ɗanɗano kaɗan don kauce wa kasancewa a matsayin yanayin zafi mai zafi (''BSh''). == Dubi kuma == * Gidan shakatawa na Mangroves == Manazarta == tvkv0nht7aotbyfttwn9p0j1haq5yar 0 153172 842645 2026-05-29T17:07:47Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336897708|Kindamba]]" 842645 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kindamba''' ƙauye ne a cikin Gundumar Kindamba ta Sashen Pool, [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]]. == Tarihi == Kindamba babban birni ne a cikin Sashen Pool har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990, tare da yawan jama'a kusan 16,000. Yawancin mazauna sun gudu a lokacin Yakin basasar Jamhuriyar Kongo, kuma makarantun ta, asibiti da ababen more rayuwa sun lalace ko sun lalace, gami da samun damar samun wutar lantarki da sadarwa. Yawancin sun gudu, gami da tashar Shirin Abinci na Duniya kusa da Kindamba, kuma lokacin da yaƙin ya ƙare, 2-3,000 sun koma ga ɗan abinci. A cikin 2000s, kawai kasuwancin sun kasance masu kasuwa, tare da masu cin nama da hukumomi suka rufe saboda damuwa game da Hare-haren shanu. Kokarin jin kai kamar Kwamitin Kasa da Kasa na Red Cross ya ba da gudummawa ga kayayyaki, kodayake wasu lokuta sauran kungiyoyin Ninjas sun sace su.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dorier |first=Elisabeth |last2=Kinouani |first2=Rodrigue |last3=Morand |first3=Erwan |last4=Rouquier |first4=Damien |last5=Fleuret |first5=Quentin |date=2012 |title=A landlocked area in a post-confit situation: the district of Kindamba (Pool, Republic of Congo). Territorial diagnosis in preparation for a Community Development Support Project. |url=https://hal.science/hal-01279960/ |website=[[HAL (open archive)|HAL]]}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Yuni, 2002, wani jirgi mai saukar ungulu na [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ya kawo megaton 7.7 na kayayyaki ga al'umma.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2002-06-04 |title=Congo: UN aircraft delivers aid to beleaguered Kindamba - Congo {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/congo/congo-un-aircraft-delivers-aid-beleaguered-kindamba |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}</ref> Taimako na jin kai ya kasance ta hanyar sake farfado da Ninjas a cikin 2017 da 2018, kuma a cikin 2019, rabin iyalai sun rasa abinci mai gina jiki. Taimako ya ci gaba tun daga shekara ta 2023. == Sufuri == Filin jirgin saman Kindamba ne ke aiki da shi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KNJ - Kindamba [Kindamba Airport], 12, CG - Airport - Great Circle Mapper |url=http://www.gcmap.com/airport/KNJ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108023610/http://www.gcmap.com/airport/KNJ |archive-date=2021-11-08 |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=www.gcmap.com}}</ref> == Muhalli == A cikin 2020, Kindamba tana da kilohectares 254 na gandun daji, sama da 35% na jimlar yankinta, ƙasa da kiloheektares 23.7 daga 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vizzuality |title=Kindamba, Republic of the Congo, Pool Deforestation Rates & Statistics {{!}} GFW |url=https://www.globalforestwatch.org/country/COG/11/2/ |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=www.globalforestwatch.org |language=en}}</ref> == Shahararrun mutane == * [[Daniel Ndoundou]] (1911-1986), shugaban cocin Protestant == Manazarta == d01qesgej8mo8uetal5toskw61a55uy 842646 842645 2026-05-29T17:08:25Z Pharouqenr 25549 842646 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kindamba''' ƙauye ne a cikin Gundumar Kindamba ta Sashen Pool, [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]]. == Tarihi == Kindamba babban birni ne a cikin Sashen Pool har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990, tare da yawan jama'a kusan 16,000. Yawancin mazauna sun gudu a lokacin Yakin basasar Jamhuriyar Kongo, kuma makarantun ta, asibiti da ababen more rayuwa sun lalace ko sun lalace, gami da samun damar samun wutar lantarki da sadarwa. Yawancin sun gudu, gami da tashar Shirin Abinci na Duniya kusa da Kindamba, kuma lokacin da yaƙin ya ƙare, 2-3,000 sun koma ga ɗan abinci. A cikin 2000s, kawai kasuwancin sun kasance masu kasuwa, tare da masu cin nama da hukumomi suka rufe saboda damuwa game da Hare-haren shanu. Kokarin jin kai kamar Kwamitin Kasa da Kasa na Red Cross ya ba da gudummawa ga kayayyaki, kodayake wasu lokuta sauran kungiyoyin Ninjas sun sace su.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dorier |first=Elisabeth |last2=Kinouani |first2=Rodrigue |last3=Morand |first3=Erwan |last4=Rouquier |first4=Damien |last5=Fleuret |first5=Quentin |date=2012 |title=A landlocked area in a post-confit situation: the district of Kindamba (Pool, Republic of Congo). Territorial diagnosis in preparation for a Community Development Support Project. |url=https://hal.science/hal-01279960/ |website=[[HAL (open archive)|HAL]]}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Yuni, 2002, wani jirgi mai saukar ungulu na [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ya kawo megaton 7.7 na kayayyaki ga al'umma.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2002-06-04 |title=Congo: UN aircraft delivers aid to beleaguered Kindamba - Congo {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/congo/congo-un-aircraft-delivers-aid-beleaguered-kindamba |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}</ref> Taimako na jin kai ya kasance ta hanyar sake farfado da Ninjas a cikin 2017 da 2018, kuma a cikin 2019, rabin iyalai sun rasa abinci mai gina jiki. Taimako ya ci gaba tun daga shekara ta 2023. == Sufuri == Filin jirgin saman Kindamba ne ke aiki da shi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KNJ - Kindamba [Kindamba Airport], 12, CG - Airport - Great Circle Mapper |url=http://www.gcmap.com/airport/KNJ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108023610/http://www.gcmap.com/airport/KNJ |archive-date=2021-11-08 |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=www.gcmap.com}}</ref> == Muhalli == A cikin 2020, Kindamba tana da kilohectares 254 na gandun daji, sama da 35% na jimlar yankinta, ƙasa da kiloheektares 23.7 daga 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vizzuality |title=Kindamba, Republic of the Congo, Pool Deforestation Rates & Statistics {{!}} GFW |url=https://www.globalforestwatch.org/country/COG/11/2/ |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=www.globalforestwatch.org |language=en}}</ref> == Shahararrun mutane == * [[Daniel Ndoundou]] (1911-1986), shugaban cocin Protestant == Manazarta == fdtp7ar7ielve08sy463x6q40uhe2as 0 153173 842647 2026-05-29T17:09:15Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1253220189|Aruwimi River]]" 842647 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:In_Darkest_Africa_ascending_Aruwimi_River.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Hoton tafiyar Stanley da ke hawa Aruwimi, daga littafinsa In Darkest Africa, 1890]] The '''Aruwimi River''' (Swahili: Mto Aruwimi, French: Rivière Aruwimi) is a tributary of the [[Kogin Congo|Congo River]], located to the north and east of the Congo. Aruwimi ya fara ne a matsayin Kogin Ituri, wanda ya tashi kusa da [[Tafkin Albert (Africa)|Tafkin Albert]], a cikin savannah a arewacin Kogin Kibale. Daga nan sai ya gudana gabaɗaya kudu maso yamma har sai da Kogin Shari ya haɗu da shi wanda ke gudana ta Bunia. Ituri sa'an nan kuma ya juya yamma, ta hanyar gandun daji na Ituri, ya zama Aruwimi inda Kogin [[Kogin Nepoko|Nepoko]] (ko Nepoki) ya haɗu da shi, a garin [[Bomili]]. Kogin ya ci gaba zuwa yamma, ya haɗu da Kongo a Basoko . Tsawon Aruwimi-Ituri-Nizi kusan kilomita {{Convert|1,287|km|mi}} (800 , tare da Ituri kusan kilomita 650 (400 , Nizi kusan kilomita 257 (160 da Aruwimi kusan kilomita 380 (240 . Aruwimi yana da kimanin kilomita 1.5 (0.93 a fadin inda ya haɗu da Kongo. Rashin ruwa na Ituri / Aruwimi kusan dukkanin gandun daji ne, tare da ƙauyuka kaɗan a kan hanyarsa, kuma sun haye hanyoyi a kusan wurare huɗu. Harshen Kango (code SIL KZY) ana magana da shi ta dubban mazauna ƙauyuka a kudancin Avakubi, kuma Mbuti (Pygmies) ne ke zaune a saman Ituri. Henry Morton Stanley ne ya binciki Aruwimi a lokacin tafiyarsa ta 1887 don "ceto" Emin Pasha . Ruwan da ke sama da Yambuya ya sa ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da kogi ba don kewayawa, kuma balaguron ya tafi ta ƙasa, tare da babbar wahala. Masu biyan haraji: * [[Kogin Nepoko]] * [[Lenda River|Kogin Lenda]] Gidaje: * [[Bomaneh]] * [[Mongandjo]] * Yambuya * [[Banalia, Congo|Banalia]] * [[Panga, Congo|Panga]] * [[Bafwangbe]] * [[Bomili]] * [[Avakubi]] * [[Teturi]] * Bunia == Manazarta == mdw0upxy186oiwm8t8a2o49j4dfrvyl 842649 842647 2026-05-29T17:10:36Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1253220189|Aruwimi River]]" 842649 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:In_Darkest_Africa_ascending_Aruwimi_River.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Hoton tafiyar Stanley da ke hawa Aruwimi, daga littafinsa In Darkest Africa, 1890]] The '''Aruwimi River''' (Swahili: Mto Aruwimi, French: Rivière Aruwimi) is a tributary of the [[Kogin Congo|Congo River]], located to the north and east of the Congo.<ref>Alberto, V. Borges (2019). "Variations in dissolved greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) in the Congo River network overwhelmingly driven by fluvial-wetland connectivity"</ref> Aruwimi ya fara ne a matsayin Kogin Ituri, wanda ya tashi kusa da [[Tafkin Albert (Africa)|Tafkin Albert]], a cikin savannah a arewacin Kogin Kibale. Daga nan sai ya gudana gabaɗaya kudu maso yamma har sai da Kogin Shari ya haɗu da shi wanda ke gudana ta Bunia. Ituri sa'an nan kuma ya juya yamma, ta hanyar gandun daji na Ituri, ya zama Aruwimi inda Kogin [[Kogin Nepoko|Nepoko]] (ko Nepoki) ya haɗu da shi, a garin [[Bomili]]. Kogin ya ci gaba zuwa yamma, ya haɗu da Kongo a Basoko . Tsawon Aruwimi-Ituri-Nizi kusan kilomita {{Convert|1,287|km|mi}} (800 , tare da Ituri kusan kilomita 650 (400 , Nizi kusan kilomita 257 (160 da Aruwimi kusan kilomita 380 (240 . Aruwimi yana da kimanin kilomita 1.5 (0.93 a fadin inda ya haɗu da Kongo. Rashin ruwa na Ituri / Aruwimi kusan dukkanin gandun daji ne, tare da ƙauyuka kaɗan a kan hanyarsa, kuma sun haye hanyoyi a kusan wurare huɗu. Harshen Kango (code SIL KZY) ana magana da shi ta dubban mazauna ƙauyuka a kudancin Avakubi, kuma Mbuti (Pygmies) ne ke zaune a saman Ituri. Henry Morton Stanley ne ya binciki Aruwimi a lokacin tafiyarsa ta 1887 don "ceto" Emin Pasha . Ruwan da ke sama da Yambuya ya sa ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da kogi ba don kewayawa, kuma balaguron ya tafi ta ƙasa, tare da babbar wahala. Masu biyan haraji: * [[Kogin Nepoko]] * [[Lenda River|Kogin Lenda]] Gidaje: * [[Bomaneh]] * [[Mongandjo]] * Yambuya * [[Banalia, Congo|Banalia]] * [[Panga, Congo|Panga]] * [[Bafwangbe]] * [[Bomili]] * [[Avakubi]] * [[Teturi]] * Bunia == Manazarta == lrtppclsuse569wwfe5sb2bxglx85oz 842650 842649 2026-05-29T17:10:56Z Pharouqenr 25549 842650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:In_Darkest_Africa_ascending_Aruwimi_River.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Hoton tafiyar Stanley da ke hawa Aruwimi, daga littafinsa In Darkest Africa, 1890]] The '''Aruwimi River''' (Swahili: Mto Aruwimi, French: Rivière Aruwimi) is a tributary of the [[Kogin Congo|Congo River]], located to the north and east of the Congo.<ref>Alberto, V. Borges (2019). "Variations in dissolved greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) in the Congo River network overwhelmingly driven by fluvial-wetland connectivity"</ref> Aruwimi ya fara ne a matsayin Kogin Ituri, wanda ya tashi kusa da [[Tafkin Albert (Africa)|Tafkin Albert]], a cikin savannah a arewacin Kogin Kibale. Daga nan sai ya gudana gabaɗaya kudu maso yamma har sai da Kogin Shari ya haɗu da shi wanda ke gudana ta Bunia. Ituri sa'an nan kuma ya juya yamma, ta hanyar gandun daji na Ituri, ya zama Aruwimi inda Kogin [[Kogin Nepoko|Nepoko]] (ko Nepoki) ya haɗu da shi, a garin [[Bomili]]. Kogin ya ci gaba zuwa yamma, ya haɗu da Kongo a Basoko . Tsawon Aruwimi-Ituri-Nizi kusan kilomita {{Convert|1,287|km|mi}} (800 , tare da Ituri kusan kilomita 650 (400 , Nizi kusan kilomita 257 (160 da Aruwimi kusan kilomita 380 (240 . Aruwimi yana da kimanin kilomita 1.5 (0.93 a fadin inda ya haɗu da Kongo. Rashin ruwa na Ituri / Aruwimi kusan dukkanin gandun daji ne, tare da ƙauyuka kaɗan a kan hanyarsa, kuma sun haye hanyoyi a kusan wurare huɗu. Harshen Kango (code SIL KZY) ana magana da shi ta dubban mazauna ƙauyuka a kudancin Avakubi, kuma Mbuti (Pygmies) ne ke zaune a saman Ituri. Henry Morton Stanley ne ya binciki Aruwimi a lokacin tafiyarsa ta 1887 don "ceto" Emin Pasha . Ruwan da ke sama da Yambuya ya sa ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da kogi ba don kewayawa, kuma balaguron ya tafi ta ƙasa, tare da babbar wahala. Masu biyan haraji: * [[Kogin Nepoko]] * [[Lenda River|Kogin Lenda]] Gidaje: * [[Bomaneh]] * [[Mongandjo]] * Yambuya * [[Banalia, Congo|Banalia]] * [[Panga, Congo|Panga]] * [[Bafwangbe]] * [[Bomili]] * [[Avakubi]] * [[Teturi]] * Bunia == Manazarta == nzaojsx9rmyz27lvtrud8m5oub5xwnl 0 153174 842651 2026-05-29T17:11:21Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1341310520|Itimbiri River]]" 842651 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Itimbiri''' ( Swahili ) wani yanki ne na dama na [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], wanda yake haɗuwa a saman Bumba . A wani lokaci yana da mahimmanci a matsayin hanyar ruwa mai tafiya don jigilar kaya daga arewa maso gabashin ƙasar zuwa Kongo. == Hanyar da ake ciki == Kogin Itimbiri ya samo asali ne daga Bas-Uélé, sannan ya gudana ta hanyar [[Lardin Moyen-Congo|Mongala]], kuma a cikin ƙananan iyakokinsa ya bayyana iyakar tsakanin Mongala da Tshopo . {{Sfn|Relation: Itimbiri (9084)}} Itimbiri ta samo asali ne daga haɗuwar Kogin Rubi da Kogin Likati.{{Sfn|Lederer|1973}} Kogin Rubi ya samo asali ne a gabashin Bas-Uélé kuma yana gudana zuwa yamma ta hanyar Buta. Kogin Likati ya samo asali ne daga yamma, sannan ya gudana ta hanyar Likati da kudu maso gabas don shiga Rubi. Likati tana kudu da Bondo a kan [[Kogin Uele]].{{Sfn|Relation: Itimbiri (9084)}} Itimbiri yana gudana a cikin hanyar kudu maso yamma. Ruwa ya kasance daga 125 zuwa 1,300 mita a kowace dakika (4,400 zuwa 45,900 cu ft / s), tare da babban ambaliyar a watan Nuwamba da ambaliyar ruwa a watan Agusta, da ruwa mafi ƙasƙanci a watan Fabrairu ko farkon Maris. Kogin yana da wuyar gaske kuma gabaɗaya yana da yashi mai zurfi, ban da ɓangaren sama daga Ibembo, inda ƙasa ke da dutse mai wuya. A lokacin ruwa mai ƙarancin ruwa kogin yana fadada kuma ya rabu zuwa rassa da yawa, yana sa kewayawa ta manyan jiragen ruwa da wuya.{{Sfn|Lederer|1973}} Matsakaicin tsawo shine mita 380.27 (1,247.6.{{Sfn|Itimbiri, River DGF}} == Ilimin halittu == Kogin Itimbiri, Aruwimi da [[Kogin Lindi|Lindi]] / Tshopo sune manyan koguna na dama na Kogin Kongo daga Boyoma Falls a cikin Cuvette Centrale (Central Basin). Wannan yanki ne mai laushi na gandun daji mai laushi. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2015 an gano kimanin nau'in kifi 231 daga Itimbiri. ''Mormyridae'' ita ce mafi rinjaye a cikin kwandon Itimbiri da kuma a cikin kwarin Aruwimi da Lindi / Shopo. == Kasancewar mutum == A cikin 1890 jami'an Belgium Léon Roget da Jules Alexandre Milz sun yi tafiya zuwa Kogin Itimbiri daga Bumba, sannan [[Kogin Likati]], sun isa [[Kogin Uele]] a yankin Djabir (Bondo{{Efn|At the time, towns and villages were given the names of their chiefs. Djabir, named after the [[Sultan Djabir]], was later called Bakango and today is called Bondo.{{sfn|Kjerland|Bertelsen|2014|p=353}}}}) kuma sun sauka kusan zuwa mahaɗarsa da [[Kogin Mbomou]].{{Sfn|Ergo|2013}} Layin jirgin kasa (Layin Vicicongo) ya haɗa Bondo a kan Uele tare da Aketi a kan Itimbiri . An sake buɗe layin a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2005 bayan an rufe shi na tsawon shekaru 14. {{Sfn|Equateur : reprise du trafic ferroviaire Bumba-Aketi}} A wani lokaci Itimbiri ita ce ta biyu mafi muhimmanci a cikin Kongo dangane da tonnage da aka ɗauka bayan Kogin Kasaï. An yi amfani da shi don kaya daga Aketi, a kan Chemins de fer vicinaux du Zaïre (CVZ) har zuwa bakinsa, nisan kilomita 255 (158 . An canja kaya zuwa jiragen ruwa na Kogin Kongo a Bumba, kilomita 28 (17 daga bakin ta.{{Sfn|Lederer|1973}} == Manazarta == hvzem1wcjzdehn11zzlz621es6pcat9 842653 842651 2026-05-29T17:11:44Z Pharouqenr 25549 842653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Itimbiri''' ( Swahili ) wani yanki ne na dama na [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], wanda yake haɗuwa a saman Bumba . A wani lokaci yana da mahimmanci a matsayin hanyar ruwa mai tafiya don jigilar kaya daga arewa maso gabashin ƙasar zuwa Kongo. == Hanyar da ake ciki == Kogin Itimbiri ya samo asali ne daga Bas-Uélé, sannan ya gudana ta hanyar [[Lardin Moyen-Congo|Mongala]], kuma a cikin ƙananan iyakokinsa ya bayyana iyakar tsakanin Mongala da Tshopo . {{Sfn|Relation: Itimbiri (9084)}} Itimbiri ta samo asali ne daga haɗuwar Kogin Rubi da Kogin Likati.{{Sfn|Lederer|1973}} Kogin Rubi ya samo asali ne a gabashin Bas-Uélé kuma yana gudana zuwa yamma ta hanyar Buta. Kogin Likati ya samo asali ne daga yamma, sannan ya gudana ta hanyar Likati da kudu maso gabas don shiga Rubi. Likati tana kudu da Bondo a kan [[Kogin Uele]].{{Sfn|Relation: Itimbiri (9084)}} Itimbiri yana gudana a cikin hanyar kudu maso yamma. Ruwa ya kasance daga 125 zuwa 1,300 mita a kowace dakika (4,400 zuwa 45,900 cu ft / s), tare da babban ambaliyar a watan Nuwamba da ambaliyar ruwa a watan Agusta, da ruwa mafi ƙasƙanci a watan Fabrairu ko farkon Maris. Kogin yana da wuyar gaske kuma gabaɗaya yana da yashi mai zurfi, ban da ɓangaren sama daga Ibembo, inda ƙasa ke da dutse mai wuya. A lokacin ruwa mai ƙarancin ruwa kogin yana fadada kuma ya rabu zuwa rassa da yawa, yana sa kewayawa ta manyan jiragen ruwa da wuya.{{Sfn|Lederer|1973}} Matsakaicin tsawo shine mita 380.27 (1,247.6.{{Sfn|Itimbiri, River DGF}} == Ilimin halittu == Kogin Itimbiri, Aruwimi da [[Kogin Lindi|Lindi]] / Tshopo sune manyan koguna na dama na Kogin Kongo daga Boyoma Falls a cikin Cuvette Centrale (Central Basin). Wannan yanki ne mai laushi na gandun daji mai laushi. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2015 an gano kimanin nau'in kifi 231 daga Itimbiri. ''Mormyridae'' ita ce mafi rinjaye a cikin kwandon Itimbiri da kuma a cikin kwarin Aruwimi da Lindi / Shopo. == Kasancewar mutum == A cikin 1890 jami'an Belgium Léon Roget da Jules Alexandre Milz sun yi tafiya zuwa Kogin Itimbiri daga Bumba, sannan [[Kogin Likati]], sun isa [[Kogin Uele]] a yankin Djabir (Bondo{{Efn|At the time, towns and villages were given the names of their chiefs. Djabir, named after the [[Sultan Djabir]], was later called Bakango and today is called Bondo.{{sfn|Kjerland|Bertelsen|2014|p=353}}}}) kuma sun sauka kusan zuwa mahaɗarsa da [[Kogin Mbomou]].{{Sfn|Ergo|2013}} Layin jirgin kasa (Layin Vicicongo) ya haɗa Bondo a kan Uele tare da Aketi a kan Itimbiri . An sake buɗe layin a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2005 bayan an rufe shi na tsawon shekaru 14. {{Sfn|Equateur : reprise du trafic ferroviaire Bumba-Aketi}} A wani lokaci Itimbiri ita ce ta biyu mafi muhimmanci a cikin Kongo dangane da tonnage da aka ɗauka bayan Kogin Kasaï. An yi amfani da shi don kaya daga Aketi, a kan Chemins de fer vicinaux du Zaïre (CVZ) har zuwa bakinsa, nisan kilomita 255 (158 . An canja kaya zuwa jiragen ruwa na Kogin Kongo a Bumba, kilomita 28 (17 daga bakin ta.{{Sfn|Lederer|1973}} == Manazarta == <references /> 2gvuv0gy6jew0szj5zvh96pfgntuay0 0 153175 842652 2026-05-29T17:11:32Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351733286|Bua River, Malawi]]" 842652 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Bua.jpg|right|thumb|330x330px]] Kogin Bua babban kogi ne na Malawi wanda ke gudana daga tsaunukan Dedza a kudu kafin ya juya ya tafi daidai da [[Kogin Dwangwa]] yayin da dukkansu ke kwarara zuwa tafkin Malawi. Kogin yana samar da ruwa don ban ruwa da kuma yanayin halittu daban-daban. Kogin Bua yana gudana ta cikin Wurin Ajiye Namun Daji na Nkhotakota. == Kwas == [[Fayil:Shire_Basin_OSM.png|thumb|687x687px|Kogin Bua (tsakiya hagu)]] Kogin yana da nisan kilomita 80 a yammacin [[Lilongwe]] a kan iyaka da [[Zambiya|Zambia]] a cikin [[Mchinji Forest Reserve|Dajin Mchinji]]. Da farko yana gudana kimanin kilomita 40 zuwa kudu maso gabas, sannan ya wuce kilomita 100 zuwa arewa maso gabas da kuma wani kilomita 120 zuwa arewa maso gabas, kusan daidai da kudancin [[Kogin Dwangwa]]. Yana ratsawa ta Nkhotakota Namun Daji don kwarara zuwa [[Tabkin Malawi|Tafkin Malawi]] a Bua Point, kilomita 17 a arewacin Nkhotakota. == Kasuwanci == A cewar hukumar FAO, kogunan Bua, Dwangwa, [[Kogin Lilongwe|Lilongwe]], Lufilya, North Rukuru, [[Kogin Songwe|Songwe]], da [[Kogin Rukuru ta Kudu|South Rukuru]] gaba ɗaya suna da damar kamun kifi na tan 15,000 a kowace shekara. Ana kama tsakanin tan 4,000 zuwa 17,000. == Yawon Buɗe Ido == Bua tana da wasu magudanan ruwa masu ban sha'awa kuma tana da shahara a tsakanin masunta ga kifin Mpasa, wani nau'in kifin salmon. == Manazarta == Likangala RiverBua River, MalawiLikangala RiverBua River, MalawiBua River, MalawiLikangala River 232wibc1bv1tq9kanw64dliv99pg6p7 842654 842652 2026-05-29T17:12:21Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842654 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Bua.jpg|right|thumb|330x330px]] Kogin Bua babban kogi ne na Malawi wanda ke gudana daga tsaunukan Dedza a kudu kafin ya juya ya tafi daidai da [[Kogin Dwangwa]] yayin da dukkansu ke kwarara zuwa tafkin Malawi. Kogin yana samar da ruwa don ban ruwa da kuma yanayin halittu daban-daban. Kogin Bua yana gudana ta cikin Wurin Ajiye Namun Daji na Nkhotakota. == Kwas == [[Fayil:Shire_Basin_OSM.png|thumb|687x687px|Kogin Bua (tsakiya hagu)]] Kogin yana da nisan kilomita 80 a yammacin [[Lilongwe]] a kan iyaka da [[Zambiya|Zambia]] a cikin [[Mchinji Forest Reserve|Dajin Mchinji]]. Da farko yana gudana kimanin kilomita 40 zuwa kudu maso gabas, sannan ya wuce kilomita 100 zuwa arewa maso gabas da kuma wani kilomita 120 zuwa arewa maso gabas, kusan daidai da kudancin [[Kogin Dwangwa]]. Yana ratsawa ta Nkhotakota Namun Daji don kwarara zuwa [[Tabkin Malawi|Tafkin Malawi]] a Bua Point, kilomita 17 a arewacin Nkhotakota. == Kasuwanci == A cewar hukumar FAO, kogunan Bua, Dwangwa, [[Kogin Lilongwe|Lilongwe]], Lufilya, North Rukuru, [[Kogin Songwe|Songwe]], da [[Kogin Rukuru ta Kudu|South Rukuru]] gaba ɗaya suna da damar kamun kifi na tan 15,000 a kowace shekara. Ana kama tsakanin tan 4,000 zuwa 17,000. == Yawon Buɗe Ido == Bua tana da wasu magudanan ruwa masu ban sha'awa kuma tana da shahara a tsakanin masunta ga kifin Mpasa, wani nau'in kifin salmon. == Manazarta == sl5kngs2m17w12q6fotrqlbsvvfzgn2 842655 842654 2026-05-29T17:13:17Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842655 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Bua.jpg|right|thumb|330x330px]] Kogin Bua babban kogi ne na Malawi wanda ke gudana daga tsaunukan Dedza a kudu kafin ya juya ya tafi daidai da [[Kogin Dwangwa]] yayin da dukkansu ke kwarara zuwa tafkin Malawi. Kogin yana samar da ruwa don ban ruwa da kuma yanayin halittu daban-daban. Kogin Bua yana gudana ta cikin Wurin Ajiye Namun Daji na Nkhotakota.<ref>[http://open_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12184529.pdf Republic of Malawi ministry of agriculture, irrigation and water development (MoAIWD) - Project for national water resources master plan in the republic of Malawi]</ref> == Kwas == [[Fayil:Shire_Basin_OSM.png|thumb|687x687px|Kogin Bua (tsakiya hagu)]] Kogin yana da nisan kilomita 80 a yammacin [[Lilongwe]] a kan iyaka da [[Zambiya|Zambia]] a cikin [[Mchinji Forest Reserve|Dajin Mchinji]]. Da farko yana gudana kimanin kilomita 40 zuwa kudu maso gabas, sannan ya wuce kilomita 100 zuwa arewa maso gabas da kuma wani kilomita 120 zuwa arewa maso gabas, kusan daidai da kudancin [[Kogin Dwangwa]]. Yana ratsawa ta Nkhotakota Namun Daji don kwarara zuwa [[Tabkin Malawi|Tafkin Malawi]] a Bua Point, kilomita 17 a arewacin Nkhotakota. == Kasuwanci == A cewar hukumar FAO, kogunan Bua, Dwangwa, [[Kogin Lilongwe|Lilongwe]], Lufilya, North Rukuru, [[Kogin Songwe|Songwe]], da [[Kogin Rukuru ta Kudu|South Rukuru]] gaba ɗaya suna da damar kamun kifi na tan 15,000 a kowace shekara. Ana kama tsakanin tan 4,000 zuwa 17,000. == Yawon Buɗe Ido == Bua tana da wasu magudanan ruwa masu ban sha'awa kuma tana da shahara a tsakanin masunta ga kifin Mpasa, wani nau'in kifin salmon. == Manazarta == fikn4wckoradzi16wy77i4id344voh5 842658 842655 2026-05-29T17:14:16Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Kwas */ 842658 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Bua.jpg|right|thumb|330x330px]] Kogin Bua babban kogi ne na Malawi wanda ke gudana daga tsaunukan Dedza a kudu kafin ya juya ya tafi daidai da [[Kogin Dwangwa]] yayin da dukkansu ke kwarara zuwa tafkin Malawi. Kogin yana samar da ruwa don ban ruwa da kuma yanayin halittu daban-daban. Kogin Bua yana gudana ta cikin Wurin Ajiye Namun Daji na Nkhotakota.<ref>[http://open_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12184529.pdf Republic of Malawi ministry of agriculture, irrigation and water development (MoAIWD) - Project for national water resources master plan in the republic of Malawi]</ref> == Kwas == [[Fayil:Shire_Basin_OSM.png|thumb|687x687px|Kogin Bua (tsakiya hagu)]] Kogin yana da nisan kilomita 80 a yammacin [[Lilongwe]] a kan iyaka da [[Zambiya|Zambia]] a cikin [[Mchinji Forest Reserve|Dajin Mchinji]]. Da farko yana gudana kimanin kilomita 40 zuwa kudu maso gabas, sannan ya wuce kilomita 100 zuwa arewa maso gabas da kuma wani kilomita 120 zuwa arewa maso gabas, kusan daidai da kudancin [[Kogin Dwangwa]]. Yana ratsawa ta Nkhotakota Namun Daji don kwarara zuwa [[Tabkin Malawi|Tafkin Malawi]] a Bua Point, kilomita 17 a arewacin Nkhotakota.<ref>[http://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10500/23597/dissertation_laisi_e.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Development of a flood-frequency model for the river basins of the central region of Malawi as tool for engineering design and disaster preparedness in flood-prone areas]</ref> == Kasuwanci == A cewar hukumar FAO, kogunan Bua, Dwangwa, [[Kogin Lilongwe|Lilongwe]], Lufilya, North Rukuru, [[Kogin Songwe|Songwe]], da [[Kogin Rukuru ta Kudu|South Rukuru]] gaba ɗaya suna da damar kamun kifi na tan 15,000 a kowace shekara. Ana kama tsakanin tan 4,000 zuwa 17,000. == Yawon Buɗe Ido == Bua tana da wasu magudanan ruwa masu ban sha'awa kuma tana da shahara a tsakanin masunta ga kifin Mpasa, wani nau'in kifin salmon. == Manazarta == qbfaxneg1jln1ot9pt3bcb2fdfzm51j 842659 842658 2026-05-29T17:15:31Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Yawon Buɗe Ido */ 842659 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Bua.jpg|right|thumb|330x330px]] Kogin Bua babban kogi ne na Malawi wanda ke gudana daga tsaunukan Dedza a kudu kafin ya juya ya tafi daidai da [[Kogin Dwangwa]] yayin da dukkansu ke kwarara zuwa tafkin Malawi. Kogin yana samar da ruwa don ban ruwa da kuma yanayin halittu daban-daban. Kogin Bua yana gudana ta cikin Wurin Ajiye Namun Daji na Nkhotakota.<ref>[http://open_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12184529.pdf Republic of Malawi ministry of agriculture, irrigation and water development (MoAIWD) - Project for national water resources master plan in the republic of Malawi]</ref> == Kwas == [[Fayil:Shire_Basin_OSM.png|thumb|687x687px|Kogin Bua (tsakiya hagu)]] Kogin yana da nisan kilomita 80 a yammacin [[Lilongwe]] a kan iyaka da [[Zambiya|Zambia]] a cikin [[Mchinji Forest Reserve|Dajin Mchinji]]. Da farko yana gudana kimanin kilomita 40 zuwa kudu maso gabas, sannan ya wuce kilomita 100 zuwa arewa maso gabas da kuma wani kilomita 120 zuwa arewa maso gabas, kusan daidai da kudancin [[Kogin Dwangwa]]. Yana ratsawa ta Nkhotakota Namun Daji don kwarara zuwa [[Tabkin Malawi|Tafkin Malawi]] a Bua Point, kilomita 17 a arewacin Nkhotakota.<ref>[http://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10500/23597/dissertation_laisi_e.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Development of a flood-frequency model for the river basins of the central region of Malawi as tool for engineering design and disaster preparedness in flood-prone areas]</ref> == Kasuwanci == A cewar hukumar FAO, kogunan Bua, Dwangwa, [[Kogin Lilongwe|Lilongwe]], Lufilya, North Rukuru, [[Kogin Songwe|Songwe]], da [[Kogin Rukuru ta Kudu|South Rukuru]] gaba ɗaya suna da damar kamun kifi na tan 15,000 a kowace shekara. Ana kama tsakanin tan 4,000 zuwa 17,000. == Yawon Buɗe Ido == Bua tana da wasu magudanan ruwa masu ban sha'awa kuma tana da shahara a tsakanin masunta ga kifin Mpasa, wani nau'in kifin salmon.<ref>[https://ruforum.org/sites/default/files/Matsimbe,%20M.%20et%20al..pdf Fish diversity of two major inlet rivers of Lake Malawi: Spatial and temporal change]</ref> == Manazarta == 8hzruegqrwt463dcq41wtkm0yk0mznr 842662 842659 2026-05-29T17:22:38Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842662 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Bua.jpg|right|thumb|330x330px]] Kogin Bua babban kogi ne na Malawi wanda ke gudana daga tsaunukan Dedza a kudu kafin ya juya ya tafi daidai da [[Kogin Dwangwa]] yayin da dukkansu ke kwarara zuwa tafkin Malawi. Kogin yana samar da ruwa don ban ruwa da kuma yanayin halittu daban-daban. Kogin Bua yana gudana ta cikin Wurin Ajiye Namun Daji na Nkhotakota.<ref>[http://open_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12184529.pdf Republic of Malawi ministry of agriculture, irrigation and water development (MoAIWD) - Project for national water resources master plan in the republic of Malawi]</ref> == Kwas == [[Fayil:Shire_Basin_OSM.png|thumb|687x687px|Kogin Bua (tsakiya hagu)]] Kogin yana da nisan kilomita 80 a yammacin [[Lilongwe]] a kan iyaka da [[Zambiya|Zambia]] a cikin [[Mchinji Forest Reserve|Dajin Mchinji]]. Da farko yana gudana kimanin kilomita 40 zuwa kudu maso gabas, sannan ya wuce kilomita 100 zuwa arewa maso gabas da kuma wani kilomita 120 zuwa arewa maso gabas, kusan daidai da kudancin [[Kogin Dwangwa]]. Yana ratsawa ta Nkhotakota Namun Daji don kwarara zuwa [[Tabkin Malawi|Tafkin Malawi]] a Bua Point, kilomita 17 a arewacin Nkhotakota.<ref>[http://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10500/23597/dissertation_laisi_e.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Development of a flood-frequency model for the river basins of the central region of Malawi as tool for engineering design and disaster preparedness in flood-prone areas]</ref> == Kasuwanci == A cewar hukumar FAO, kogunan Bua, Dwangwa, [[Kogin Lilongwe|Lilongwe]], Lufilya, North Rukuru, [[Kogin Songwe|Songwe]], da [[Kogin Rukuru ta Kudu|South Rukuru]] gaba ɗaya suna da damar kamun kifi na tan 15,000 a kowace shekara. Ana kama tsakanin tan 4,000 zuwa 17,000. == Yawon Buɗe Ido == Bua tana da wasu magudanan ruwa masu ban sha'awa kuma tana da shahara a tsakanin masunta ga kifin Mpasa, wani nau'in kifin salmon.<ref>[https://ruforum.org/sites/default/files/Matsimbe,%20M.%20et%20al..pdf Fish diversity of two major inlet rivers of Lake Malawi: Spatial and temporal change]</ref> == Manazarta == j27vvpbrtmpxpb0ojwfu6own81k443m 0 153176 842656 2026-05-29T17:13:27Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1308284074|Kasai River]]" 842656 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Fayil:Congo_Map_by_Stanley.jpg|thumb|350x350px|Hanyar Stanley tana nunawa ta hanyar baƙar fata mai ƙarfi.]] '''Kogin Kasai''' ( Swahili , French {{IPA|fr|ka.sa.i|}} ; ana kiransa '''Cassai''' a cikin harshen Portugal na Angola ) wani yanki ne na [[kogin Congo]] da ke gefen hagu, wanda ke [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|tsakiyar Afirka]] . Kogin yana farawa a tsakiyar [[Angola]] kuma yana gudana zuwa gabas har sai ya isa kan iyakar Angola da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], inda yake juyawa arewa kuma yana aiki a matsayin iyaka har sai ya kwarara zuwa cikin DRC. Daga Ilebo, tsakanin mahaɗar [[kogin Lulua]] da [[kogin Sankuru]], kogin Kasai yana juyawa zuwa yamma. Ƙasan kogin, daga mahaɗar [[kogin Fimi]] har sai ya haɗu da Kongo a Kwamouth arewa maso gabashin Kinshasa, ana kuma kiransa '''Kogin Kwa(h)''' . Kogin Kasai ya kunshi mafi yawan wuraren gandun daji na equatorial, wanda ke samar da ƙasar noma a yankin da aka sani da ƙasa mai yashi. Yana da wani tributary na Kogin Kongo kuma ana samun lu'u-lu'u a ciki. Kimanin kashi 60% na lu'u-lu'u a Belgium suna fitowa daga kogin Kasai don yanka da kuma tsarawa. == Rashin fitarwa == {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center;" |+Rashin ruwa na Kogin Kasai a Lediba (3°3′25.4556′′S 16°32′55.0644′′E / 3.057071000°S 16.548629000°E / -3.057071000, 16.548 629000) da Kutu-Moke (3°12′33.0516′′S 17°20′42.4032′′E / 3209181000°S 17.345112000°E/ -3.20918000; 17.34514112000) gauging stationing. ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="71" | !Lediba ! !Kutu- Moke |- ! colspan="3" |Matsakaicin fitarwa (m3/s) |- |2016 |9,350 | rowspan="69" | | |- |2015 |8,090 | |- |2014 |9,040 | |- |2013 |9,520 | |- |2012 |8,870 |6,800 |- |2011 |7,940 |6,093 |- |2010 |7,320 |5,614 |- |2009 |8,820 |6,764 |- |2008 |10,400 |7,976 |- |2007 |13,180 |10,110 |- |2006 |10,740 |8,236 |- |2005 |9,017 |6,917 |- |2004 |8,130 |6,235 |- |2003 |11,520 |8,837 |- |2002 |11,150 |8,552 |- |2001 |9,290 |7,125 |- |2000 |8,310 |6,496 |- |1999 |7,030 |5,463 |- |1998 |7,010 |5,480 |- |1997 |9,800 |7,659 |- |1996 |8,950 |7,000 |- |1995 |7,620 |5,960 |- |1994 |7,430 |5,810 |- |1993 |8,580 |6,705 |- |1992 |7,790 |6,089 |- |1991 |10,410 |8,136 |- |1990 |11,150 |8,717 |- |1989 |12,810 |9,988 |- |1988 |11,450 |8,953 |- |1987 |11,120 |8,694 |- |1986 |9,980 |7,804 |- |1985 |9,550 |7,463 |- |1984 |8,800 |6,879 |- |1983 |10,340 |8,084 |- |1982 |10,100 |7,897 |- |1981 |9,500 |7,427 |- |1980 |9,230 |7,213 |- |1979 |11,710 |9,153 |- |1978 |10,730 |8,385 |- |1977 |12,450 |9,731 |- |1976 |11,760 |9,194 |- |1975 |10,720 |8,383 |- |1974 |10,080 |7,878 |- |1973 |9,970 |7,796 |- |1972 |10,540 |8,236 |- |1971 |11,360 |8,880 |- |1970 |12,040 |9,232 |- |1969 |13,020 |9,986 |- |1968 |13,100 |10,050 |- |1967 |11,510 |8,832 |- |1966 |12,340 |9,466 |- |1965 |10,970 |8,417 |- |1964 |11,950 |9,167 |- |1963 |11,960 |9,173 |- |1962 |13,510 |10,360 |- |1961 |12,440 |9,543 |- |1960 |11,430 |8,764 |- |1959 |9,960 |7,638 |- |1958 |9,850 |7,552 |- |1957 |11,810 |9,060 |- |1956 |11,580 |8,882 |- |1955 |11,360 |8,717 |- |1954 |11,390 |8,735 |- |1953 |10,220 |7,837 |- |1952 |10,490 |8,646 |- |1951 |11,260 |8,640 |- |1950 |11,240 |8,619 |- |1949 |11,560 |8,870 |- |1948 |11,360 |8,716 |- | colspan="5" | |- | colspan="5" |Bayanan kula: Matsakaicin matsakaicin fitarwa: Lediba 5,000-20,000 m3/s (1932-1959), Kutu-Moke 4,400-11,600 m3/s (1932-1959) |- | colspan="5" |Tushen:<ref name="Recent Budget of Hydroclimatology and Hydrosedimentology of the Congo River in Central Africa">{{Cite journal |last=Laraque |first=Alain |last2=Moukandi N’kaya |first2=Guy D. |year=2020 |title=Recent Budget of Hydroclimatology and Hydrosedimentology of the Congo River in Central Africa |journal=Water |volume=12 |issue=9 |page=2613 |bibcode=2020Water..12.2613L |doi=10.3390/w12092613 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Improved modeling of Congo’s hydrology for floods and droughts analysis and ENSO teleconnections">{{Cite journal |last=Sly |first=Wongchuig |last2=Benjamin |first2=Kitambo |last3=Fabrice |first3=Papa |last4=Adrien |first4=Paris |last5=Ayan Santos |first5=Fleischmann |last6=Laetitia |first6=Gal |last7=Julien |first7=Boucharel |last8=Rodrigo |first8=Paiva |last9=Romulo Jucá |first9=Oliveira |last10=Raphael M. |first10=Tshimanga |last11=Stéphane |first11=Calmant |date=2023 |title=Improved modeling of Congo's hydrology for floods and droughts analysis and ENSO teleconnections |url=https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2024-02/010089436.pdf |journal=Regional Studies |volume=50 |page=21 |bibcode=2023JHyRS..5001563W |doi=10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101563}}</ref> |} == Bincike == Henry Morton Stanley reached the confluence on 9 March 1877, calling the river Nkutu, a "powerful and deep river", but recognizing it as originating from David Livingstone's Kwango.{{Rp|Vol.Two,252}} == Haraji == Manyan hanyoyin Kasai daga saman ruwa daga haɗuwa da Kongo: * [[Kogin Fimi|Fimi]] (dama - Fimi tare da [[Kogin Lukenie|Lukenie]] 1,120 km) * [[Kogin Kwilu|Kwilu]]-[[Kogin Kwango|Kwango]] (hagu - 1,702 km) * Tsakanin (hagu - 865 km) * [[Kogin Sankuru|Sankuru]] (dama - Sankuru-[[Kogin Sankuru|Lubilanji]] 1,280 km) * [[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] (dama - 1,184 km) * Tshikapa (hagu - kilomita 630) * Longatshimo (hagu - 550 km) * Luembe (hagu - kilomita 780) * Lueta (dama - 395 km) {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center;" |+Manyan masu goyon baya daga bakin: !Hagu mai ba da gudummawa !Mai ba da gudummawa na dama !Tsawon (kilomita) !Girman kwandon (km²) !Matsakaicin fitarwa (m³/s) * |- | colspan="2" |''Kwa-Kasai'' |''2,272'' |''894,486.6'' |''10,457.3'' |- | colspan="5" | |- | colspan="5" |'''Kwa''' |- | rowspan="2" | |Maɗaukaki |57.5 |1,100.1 |14.9 |- |[[Kogin Fimi|Fimi]] 1 |1,120 |136,174.7 |2,252.9 |- | colspan="5" |'''Ƙananan Kasai''' |- |Lekulu | rowspan="5" | |57.5 |793.5 |9.3 |- |Buma |138 |3,354.7 |42.3 |- |[[Kogin Kwango|Kwango]] |1,702 |270,904.3 |3,317.4 |- |[[Kogin Kamtsha|Kamtsha]] |250 |8,887.4 |106.4 |- |[[Kogin Luele|Piopio]] |165 |3,169.1 |34.8 |- | |Liau | |1,231.6 |14.4 |- |[[Kogin Lubue|Lubue]] | rowspan="2" | |227 |8,611.7 |103.5 |- |[[Kogin Loange|Ruwa]] |865 |41,799.5 |489.1 |- | colspan="5" |'''Kasai ta Tsakiya''' |- |Lumbudji | rowspan="2" | |137 |2,876.8 |25.4 |- |Lubudi |153 |1,999.2 |17 |- | rowspan="3" | |[[Kogin Sankuru|Sankuru]] 2 |1,280 |149,479.5 |1,738.1 |- |Lutshuadi |177 |4,596.5 |39.2 |- |[[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] |1,184 |70,612.5 |798 |- | colspan="5" |'''Upper Kasai''' |- |Yeye | |47 |1,379.3 |8.9 |- | |Kabambaie |77 |2,083.7 |10.8 |- |Lovua | rowspan="3" | |297 |8,262.4 |73.9 |- |Tshikapa |630 |19,512.1 |179.5 |- |Longatshimo |550 |19,847.3 |198.5 |- | |Luenda |69 |1,791.4 |10.1 |- |Luembe | |780 |46,648.8 |453.4 |- | rowspan="5" | |Lueta (Kaungej) |395 |13,000.1 |87.6 |- |Kasangeshi |206 |3,610.2 |22.1 |- |Luele | |1,173.3 |7.9 |- |Dembo |87 |1,924.8 |13.1 |- |Rashin ruwa |105 |4,294.4 |38.5 |- |Lualo | | |1,532.8 |14.6 |- | rowspan="2" | |Lutshima |166 |1,616.6 |11.5 |- |Munyango | |3,133.1 |20.9 |- | colspan="5" | |- | colspan="5" |Bayanan kula: <nowiki>*</nowiki> Lokacin: 1948-2012; 1 Fimi-Lukenie; 2 Sankuru-Lubulanji; |- | colspan="5" |Tushen:<ref name="Congo River">{{Cite web |last=Eric |first=Tilman |title=Congo River |url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=54&catid=215&Itemid=179}}</ref> |} == Manazarta == d9uic25gsu2vi5pyucdt3votxgqb851 842657 842656 2026-05-29T17:14:05Z Pharouqenr 25549 842657 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Congo_Map_by_Stanley.jpg|thumb|350x350px|Hanyar Stanley tana nunawa ta hanyar baƙar fata mai ƙarfi.]] '''Kogin Kasai''' ( Swahili , French {{IPA|fr|ka.sa.i|}} ; ana kiransa '''Cassai''' a cikin harshen Portugal na Angola ) wani yanki ne na [[kogin Congo]] da ke gefen hagu, wanda ke [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|tsakiyar Afirka]] . Kogin yana farawa a tsakiyar [[Angola]] kuma yana gudana zuwa gabas har sai ya isa kan iyakar Angola da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], inda yake juyawa arewa kuma yana aiki a matsayin iyaka har sai ya kwarara zuwa cikin DRC. Daga Ilebo, tsakanin mahaɗar [[kogin Lulua]] da [[kogin Sankuru]], kogin Kasai yana juyawa zuwa yamma. Ƙasan kogin, daga mahaɗar [[kogin Fimi]] har sai ya haɗu da Kongo a Kwamouth arewa maso gabashin Kinshasa, ana kuma kiransa '''Kogin Kwa(h)''' . Kogin Kasai ya kunshi mafi yawan wuraren gandun daji na equatorial, wanda ke samar da ƙasar noma a yankin da aka sani da ƙasa mai yashi. Yana da wani tributary na Kogin Kongo kuma ana samun lu'u-lu'u a ciki. Kimanin kashi 60% na lu'u-lu'u a Belgium suna fitowa daga kogin Kasai don yanka da kuma tsarawa. == Rashin fitarwa == {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center;" |+Rashin ruwa na Kogin Kasai a Lediba (3°3′25.4556′′S 16°32′55.0644′′E / 3.057071000°S 16.548629000°E / -3.057071000, 16.548 629000) da Kutu-Moke (3°12′33.0516′′S 17°20′42.4032′′E / 3209181000°S 17.345112000°E/ -3.20918000; 17.34514112000) gauging stationing. ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="71" | !Lediba ! !Kutu- Moke |- ! colspan="3" |Matsakaicin fitarwa (m3/s) |- |2016 |9,350 | rowspan="69" | | |- |2015 |8,090 | |- |2014 |9,040 | |- |2013 |9,520 | |- |2012 |8,870 |6,800 |- |2011 |7,940 |6,093 |- |2010 |7,320 |5,614 |- |2009 |8,820 |6,764 |- |2008 |10,400 |7,976 |- |2007 |13,180 |10,110 |- |2006 |10,740 |8,236 |- |2005 |9,017 |6,917 |- |2004 |8,130 |6,235 |- |2003 |11,520 |8,837 |- |2002 |11,150 |8,552 |- |2001 |9,290 |7,125 |- |2000 |8,310 |6,496 |- |1999 |7,030 |5,463 |- |1998 |7,010 |5,480 |- |1997 |9,800 |7,659 |- |1996 |8,950 |7,000 |- |1995 |7,620 |5,960 |- |1994 |7,430 |5,810 |- |1993 |8,580 |6,705 |- |1992 |7,790 |6,089 |- |1991 |10,410 |8,136 |- |1990 |11,150 |8,717 |- |1989 |12,810 |9,988 |- |1988 |11,450 |8,953 |- |1987 |11,120 |8,694 |- |1986 |9,980 |7,804 |- |1985 |9,550 |7,463 |- |1984 |8,800 |6,879 |- |1983 |10,340 |8,084 |- |1982 |10,100 |7,897 |- |1981 |9,500 |7,427 |- |1980 |9,230 |7,213 |- |1979 |11,710 |9,153 |- |1978 |10,730 |8,385 |- |1977 |12,450 |9,731 |- |1976 |11,760 |9,194 |- |1975 |10,720 |8,383 |- |1974 |10,080 |7,878 |- |1973 |9,970 |7,796 |- |1972 |10,540 |8,236 |- |1971 |11,360 |8,880 |- |1970 |12,040 |9,232 |- |1969 |13,020 |9,986 |- |1968 |13,100 |10,050 |- |1967 |11,510 |8,832 |- |1966 |12,340 |9,466 |- |1965 |10,970 |8,417 |- |1964 |11,950 |9,167 |- |1963 |11,960 |9,173 |- |1962 |13,510 |10,360 |- |1961 |12,440 |9,543 |- |1960 |11,430 |8,764 |- |1959 |9,960 |7,638 |- |1958 |9,850 |7,552 |- |1957 |11,810 |9,060 |- |1956 |11,580 |8,882 |- |1955 |11,360 |8,717 |- |1954 |11,390 |8,735 |- |1953 |10,220 |7,837 |- |1952 |10,490 |8,646 |- |1951 |11,260 |8,640 |- |1950 |11,240 |8,619 |- |1949 |11,560 |8,870 |- |1948 |11,360 |8,716 |- | colspan="5" | |- | colspan="5" |Bayanan kula: Matsakaicin matsakaicin fitarwa: Lediba 5,000-20,000 m3/s (1932-1959), Kutu-Moke 4,400-11,600 m3/s (1932-1959) |- | colspan="5" |Tushen:<ref name="Recent Budget of Hydroclimatology and Hydrosedimentology of the Congo River in Central Africa">{{Cite journal |last=Laraque |first=Alain |last2=Moukandi N’kaya |first2=Guy D. |year=2020 |title=Recent Budget of Hydroclimatology and Hydrosedimentology of the Congo River in Central Africa |journal=Water |volume=12 |issue=9 |page=2613 |bibcode=2020Water..12.2613L |doi=10.3390/w12092613 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Improved modeling of Congo’s hydrology for floods and droughts analysis and ENSO teleconnections">{{Cite journal |last=Sly |first=Wongchuig |last2=Benjamin |first2=Kitambo |last3=Fabrice |first3=Papa |last4=Adrien |first4=Paris |last5=Ayan Santos |first5=Fleischmann |last6=Laetitia |first6=Gal |last7=Julien |first7=Boucharel |last8=Rodrigo |first8=Paiva |last9=Romulo Jucá |first9=Oliveira |last10=Raphael M. |first10=Tshimanga |last11=Stéphane |first11=Calmant |date=2023 |title=Improved modeling of Congo's hydrology for floods and droughts analysis and ENSO teleconnections |url=https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2024-02/010089436.pdf |journal=Regional Studies |volume=50 |page=21 |bibcode=2023JHyRS..5001563W |doi=10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101563}}</ref> |} == Bincike == Henry Morton Stanley reached the confluence on 9 March 1877, calling the river Nkutu, a "powerful and deep river", but recognizing it as originating from David Livingstone's Kwango.{{Rp|Vol.Two,252}} == Haraji == Manyan hanyoyin Kasai daga saman ruwa daga haɗuwa da Kongo: * [[Kogin Fimi|Fimi]] (dama - Fimi tare da [[Kogin Lukenie|Lukenie]] 1,120 km) * [[Kogin Kwilu|Kwilu]]-[[Kogin Kwango|Kwango]] (hagu - 1,702 km) * Tsakanin (hagu - 865 km) * [[Kogin Sankuru|Sankuru]] (dama - Sankuru-[[Kogin Sankuru|Lubilanji]] 1,280 km) * [[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] (dama - 1,184 km) * Tshikapa (hagu - kilomita 630) * Longatshimo (hagu - 550 km) * Luembe (hagu - kilomita 780) * Lueta (dama - 395 km) {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center;" |+Manyan masu goyon baya daga bakin: !Hagu mai ba da gudummawa !Mai ba da gudummawa na dama !Tsawon (kilomita) !Girman kwandon (km²) !Matsakaicin fitarwa (m³/s) * |- | colspan="2" |''Kwa-Kasai'' |''2,272'' |''894,486.6'' |''10,457.3'' |- | colspan="5" | |- | colspan="5" |'''Kwa''' |- | rowspan="2" | |Maɗaukaki |57.5 |1,100.1 |14.9 |- |[[Kogin Fimi|Fimi]] 1 |1,120 |136,174.7 |2,252.9 |- | colspan="5" |'''Ƙananan Kasai''' |- |Lekulu | rowspan="5" | |57.5 |793.5 |9.3 |- |Buma |138 |3,354.7 |42.3 |- |[[Kogin Kwango|Kwango]] |1,702 |270,904.3 |3,317.4 |- |[[Kogin Kamtsha|Kamtsha]] |250 |8,887.4 |106.4 |- |[[Kogin Luele|Piopio]] |165 |3,169.1 |34.8 |- | |Liau | |1,231.6 |14.4 |- |[[Kogin Lubue|Lubue]] | rowspan="2" | |227 |8,611.7 |103.5 |- |[[Kogin Loange|Ruwa]] |865 |41,799.5 |489.1 |- | colspan="5" |'''Kasai ta Tsakiya''' |- |Lumbudji | rowspan="2" | |137 |2,876.8 |25.4 |- |Lubudi |153 |1,999.2 |17 |- | rowspan="3" | |[[Kogin Sankuru|Sankuru]] 2 |1,280 |149,479.5 |1,738.1 |- |Lutshuadi |177 |4,596.5 |39.2 |- |[[Kogin Lulua|Lulua]] |1,184 |70,612.5 |798 |- | colspan="5" |'''Upper Kasai''' |- |Yeye | |47 |1,379.3 |8.9 |- | |Kabambaie |77 |2,083.7 |10.8 |- |Lovua | rowspan="3" | |297 |8,262.4 |73.9 |- |Tshikapa |630 |19,512.1 |179.5 |- |Longatshimo |550 |19,847.3 |198.5 |- | |Luenda |69 |1,791.4 |10.1 |- |Luembe | |780 |46,648.8 |453.4 |- | rowspan="5" | |Lueta (Kaungej) |395 |13,000.1 |87.6 |- |Kasangeshi |206 |3,610.2 |22.1 |- |Luele | |1,173.3 |7.9 |- |Dembo |87 |1,924.8 |13.1 |- |Rashin ruwa |105 |4,294.4 |38.5 |- |Lualo | | |1,532.8 |14.6 |- | rowspan="2" | |Lutshima |166 |1,616.6 |11.5 |- |Munyango | |3,133.1 |20.9 |- | colspan="5" | |- | colspan="5" |Bayanan kula: <nowiki>*</nowiki> Lokacin: 1948-2012; 1 Fimi-Lukenie; 2 Sankuru-Lubulanji; |- | colspan="5" |Tushen:<ref name="Congo River">{{Cite web |last=Eric |first=Tilman |title=Congo River |url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=54&catid=215&Itemid=179}}</ref> |} == Manazarta == 5opr2wmu1w72mnv5a6qbpm190d15wg7 0 153177 842660 2026-05-29T17:15:51Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346569050|Ruzizi River]]" 842660 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ruzizi''' (kuma wani lokacin ana rubuta '''Rusizi''', [[Faransanci]]; Rivière Ruzizi; Yaren mutanen Holland: ''Ruzizi Rivier'') kogi ne, mai tsawon kilomita 117 (73 , <ref name="Paleolimnological">{{Cite journal |last=Felton, Anna A. |last2=Russell |first2=James M. |last3=Cohen |first3=Andrew S. |last4=Baker |first4=Mark E. |last5=Chesley |first5=John T. |last6=Lezzar |first6=Kiram E. |last7=McGlue |first7=Michael M. |last8=Pigati |first8=Jeffrey S. |last9=Quade |first9=Jay |last10=Curt Stager |first10=J. |last11=Tiercelin |first11=Jean Jacques |year=2007 |title=Paleolimnological Evidence for the Onset and Termination of Glacial Aridity from Lake Tanganyika, Tropical East Africa |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=252 |issue=3–4 |page=405 |bibcode=2007PPP...252..405F |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.04.003}}</ref> wanda ke gudana daga [[Tafkin kivu|Tafkin Kivu]] zuwa [[Tafkin Tanganyika]] a [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]], yana saukowa daga kimanin mita 1,500 (4,900 zuwa kimanin mita 770 (2,530 sama da matakin teku a kan tsawonsa. <ref name="Google maps">{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=Google Maps |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=-3.364167,29.267778&spn=0.1,0.1&t=m&q=-3.364167,29.267778 |access-date=14 January 2013 |publisher=Google Maps}}</ref> Mafi girman gradients yana faruwa a kan kilomita 40 na farko (25 , inda aka gina madatsar ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, [[Ruzizi Plain]], bene na [[Kyautar Albertine|Yammacin Rift Valley]], yana da tuddai masu laushi, kuma kogin yana gudana cikin Tafkin Tanganyika ta hanyar [[Delta]], tare da ɗaya ko biyu ƙananan tashoshi da suka rabu daga babban tashar.<ref name="Google maps" /> Ruzizi wani [[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] ne, wanda aka kafa kimanin shekaru 10,000 da suka gabata lokacin da dutsen wuta da ke da alaƙa da rifting na nahiyar ya haifar da Dutsen Virunga. Duwatsun sun toshe tsohuwar hanyar tafkin Kivu zuwa tafkin Nilu kuma a maimakon haka sun tilasta tafkin ya cika kudu zuwa Ruzizi da tafkin Congo. == Hanyar da ake ciki == [[Fayil:Etreinte_des_Eaux,_Le_Lac_Tanganyika_et_la_Rivière_Rusizi.jpg|thumb|Kogin Ruzizi yana gudana cikin Tafkin Tanganyika]] Tare da isa ga sama, kogin ya zama wani ɓangare na iyakar tsakanin [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] a gabas tare da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC) a yamma.<ref name="Google maps">{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=Google Maps |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=-3.364167,29.267778&spn=0.1,0.1&t=m&q=-3.364167,29.267778 |access-date=14 January 2013 |publisher=Google Maps}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, ya zama wani ɓangare na iyaka tsakanin DRC da [[Burundi]], kuma mafi ƙanƙanta ya kasance gaba ɗaya a cikin Burundi.<ref name="Google maps" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mokoso |first=Jean De Dieu Mangambu |last2=Kavusa |first2=Kambale |last3=Sefu |first3=Aruna |last4=Milenge |first4=Ladislas Witanene |last5=Kiswele |first5=Prince Kaleme |date=31 March 2022 |title=Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus 1758 at Ruzizi River and Lake Tanganyika (Territory of Uvira, South Kivu, DR Congo): population census and conservation implications |url=https://m.elewa.org/Journals/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/3.Mokoso.pdf |access-date=23 November 2024 |website=Elewa.org/Journals |publisher=ELEWA |page=3 |issn=1997-5902}}</ref> A yamma, tsaunukan Fizi Baraka sun hasumiya a kan kogi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Doyle |first=Mark |date=25 November 2004 |title=Retracing Che Guevara's Congo Footsteps |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4036605.stm |access-date=14 January 2013 |website=BBC News}}</ref> Bridge of Concord, gada mafi tsawo a Burundi, ta haye kogi kusa da baki. Masu biyan haraji na Kogin Ruzizi sun haɗa da Nyamagana, Muhira, Kaburantwa, Kagunuzi, [[Kogin Rubyiro|Rubyiro]] da [[Kogin Ruhwa|Ruhwa]], da sauransu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Acme Mapper (terrain) |url=http://mapper.acme.com/?ll=-3.364167,29.267778&z=12&t=R&marker0=-3.364167,29.267778,Ruzizi%20River |access-date=14 January 2013 |publisher=Acme Labs}}</ref> Kogin Ruzizi, wanda ke gudana a kudu zuwa Tafkin Tanganyika, yana daga cikin ruwan da ke saman Kogin Kongo. Masu binciken Burtaniya na ƙarni na goma sha tara kamar Richard Francis Burton da John Hanning Speke, ba su da tabbas game da hanyar Ruzizi, sun yi tunanin cewa yana iya gudana daga arewa daga tafkin zuwa [[White Nile]]. Binciken da suka yi da kuma binciken da David Livingstone da Henry Morton Stanley suka yi ya tabbatar da cewa wannan ba haka ba ne. Ruzizi yana gudana cikin Tafkin Tanganyika, wanda ke gudana cikin Kogin Lukuga kimanin kilomita 120 (75 kudu da Ujiji. Kogin Lukuga yana gudana zuwa yamma zuwa [[Kogin Lualaba]], babban mai ba da gudummawa na Kongo. == Ilimin ƙasa == Rifting, jinkirin janyewa daga farantin tectonic, ya samar da tsarin Rift na Gabashin Afirka da kuma tafkuna da tabkuna da yawa. Tsarin, a kan iyaka tsakanin African Plate (Nubian Plate) da Somali Plate, yana da rassa biyu, dukansu suna fuskantar arewa maso kudu. Rifting a reshen yamma, wanda ake kira Albertine Rift, ya fara tsakanin shekaru 25 zuwa 10 da suka gabata.<ref name="Danley" /> Kogin Ruzizi yana tare da yammacin rift, wanda ya haɗa da, daga arewa zuwa kudu, tabkuna Albert, [[Tafkin George (Uganda)|George]], [[Tafkin Edward|Edward]], Kivu, Tanganyika, [[Tafkin Rukwa|Rukwa]], [[Tabkin Malawi|Malawi]], da sauransu.<ref name="Danley">{{Cite journal |last=Danley |first=Patrick D. |last2=Husemann |first2=Martin |last3=Ding |first3=Baoqing |last4=Dipietro |first4=Lyndsay M. |last5=Beverly |first5=Emily J. |last6=Peppe |first6=Daniel J. |display-authors=etal |year=2012 |title=The Impact of the Geologic History and Paleoclimate on the Diversification of East African Cichlids |journal=International Journal of Evolutionary Biology |volume=2012 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1155/2012/574851 |pmc=3408716 |pmid=22888465 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Hawan da ke da alaƙa da rifting ya canza haɗin tsakanin jikin ruwa na yankin.<ref name="Danley">{{Cite journal |last=Danley |first=Patrick D. |last2=Husemann |first2=Martin |last3=Ding |first3=Baoqing |last4=Dipietro |first4=Lyndsay M. |last5=Beverly |first5=Emily J. |last6=Peppe |first6=Daniel J. |display-authors=etal |year=2012 |title=The Impact of the Geologic History and Paleoclimate on the Diversification of East African Cichlids |journal=International Journal of Evolutionary Biology |volume=2012 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1155/2012/574851 |pmc=3408716 |pmid=22888465 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Kimanin shekaru 13,000 zuwa 9,000 da suka gabata, aikin dutsen wuta ya toshe tsohon hanyar Lake Kivu zuwa ruwa na Nilu.<ref name="Danley" /> Dutsen ya haifar da duwatsu, gami da [[Tsaunukan Virunga|Virungas]], wanda ya tashi tsakanin Tafkin Kivu da Tafkin Edward, zuwa arewa. Ruwa daga Tafkin Kivu an tilasta shi kudu zuwa Ruzizi . <ref name="Danley" /> Wannan, bi da bi, ya ɗaga matakin Tafkin Tanganyika, wanda ya cika da Kogin Lukuga.<ref name="Danley" /> Bambance-bambance a cikin hauhawa da yanayi sun sa Ruzizi da Lukuga su buɗe da rufe sau da yawa tun daga lokacin.<ref name="Danley" /> == Ruwa da wutar lantarki == An gina tashar wutar lantarki ta Ruzizi I a tashar Ruzizi River daga Tafkin Kivu a shekarar 1958. An kara Ruzizi II Hydroelectric Power Station a shekarar 1989. <ref name="water power">{{Cite journal |date=4 October 2011 |title=Sizing Up African Hydro |url=http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/storyprint.asp?sc=2060823 |journal=Water Power |access-date=14 January 2013}}{{Dead link|date=April 2018}}</ref> Ruzizi I da II suna aiki ne daga kamfani mai kasashe uku (Burundi, Rwanda da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) mallakar Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Kasashen Great Lakes. Kungiyar tana shirin karin madatsun ruwa guda biyu, Ruzizi III da Ruzizi IV. <ref name="water power" /> Ruzizi I yana da ƙarfin samar da kimanin 30 megawatts (MW) kuma Ruzizi II game da 44 MW. Ruzizi III, wanda za a gina shi a ƙasa da sauran biyun, an yi hasashen yana da ƙarfin 145 MW lokacin da ya fara aiki a cikin kimanin 2027. A matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Ruzizi III, Ruzizi I da II za a sake gyara su. Idan a ƙarshe aka gina Ruzizi IV, za a sanya shi tsakanin Ruzizi II da Ruzizi III kuma ana sa ran zai yi aiki a sama da 200 MW. A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 2020, Bankin Raya Afirka ya ware Yuro miliyan 8 don taimakon fasaha a kan aikin wutar lantarki na Ruzizi IV.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2020-01-16 |title=EAST AFRICA: AfDB grants €8 million for the Ruzizi IV hydropower project |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/east-africa-afdb-grants-e8-million-for-the-ruzizi-iv-hydropower-project/ |access-date=2020-01-16 |website=Afrik 21 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana sa ran samar da MW 287 ga Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Rwanda da Burundi.<ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == l8il3fykr8y0ccp4qfd4r7p54hlqbiu 842661 842660 2026-05-29T17:16:20Z Pharouqenr 25549 842661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ruzizi''' (kuma wani lokacin ana rubuta '''Rusizi''', [[Faransanci]]; Rivière Ruzizi; Yaren mutanen Holland: ''Ruzizi Rivier'') kogi ne, mai tsawon kilomita 117 (73 , <ref name="Paleolimnological">{{Cite journal |last=Felton, Anna A. |last2=Russell |first2=James M. |last3=Cohen |first3=Andrew S. |last4=Baker |first4=Mark E. |last5=Chesley |first5=John T. |last6=Lezzar |first6=Kiram E. |last7=McGlue |first7=Michael M. |last8=Pigati |first8=Jeffrey S. |last9=Quade |first9=Jay |last10=Curt Stager |first10=J. |last11=Tiercelin |first11=Jean Jacques |year=2007 |title=Paleolimnological Evidence for the Onset and Termination of Glacial Aridity from Lake Tanganyika, Tropical East Africa |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=252 |issue=3–4 |page=405 |bibcode=2007PPP...252..405F |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.04.003}}</ref> wanda ke gudana daga [[Tafkin kivu|Tafkin Kivu]] zuwa [[Tafkin Tanganyika]] a [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]], yana saukowa daga kimanin mita 1,500 (4,900 zuwa kimanin mita 770 (2,530 sama da matakin teku a kan tsawonsa. <ref name="Google maps">{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=Google Maps |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=-3.364167,29.267778&spn=0.1,0.1&t=m&q=-3.364167,29.267778 |access-date=14 January 2013 |publisher=Google Maps}}</ref> Mafi girman gradients yana faruwa a kan kilomita 40 na farko (25 , inda aka gina madatsar ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, [[Ruzizi Plain]], bene na [[Kyautar Albertine|Yammacin Rift Valley]], yana da tuddai masu laushi, kuma kogin yana gudana cikin Tafkin Tanganyika ta hanyar [[Delta]], tare da ɗaya ko biyu ƙananan tashoshi da suka rabu daga babban tashar.<ref name="Google maps" /> Ruzizi wani [[Kogin Congo|Kongo]] ne, wanda aka kafa kimanin shekaru 10,000 da suka gabata lokacin da dutsen wuta da ke da alaƙa da rifting na nahiyar ya haifar da Dutsen Virunga. Duwatsun sun toshe tsohuwar hanyar tafkin Kivu zuwa tafkin Nilu kuma a maimakon haka sun tilasta tafkin ya cika kudu zuwa Ruzizi da tafkin Congo. == Hanyar da ake ciki == [[Fayil:Etreinte_des_Eaux,_Le_Lac_Tanganyika_et_la_Rivière_Rusizi.jpg|thumb|Kogin Ruzizi yana gudana cikin Tafkin Tanganyika]] Tare da isa ga sama, kogin ya zama wani ɓangare na iyakar tsakanin [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] a gabas tare da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC) a yamma.<ref name="Google maps">{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=Google Maps |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=-3.364167,29.267778&spn=0.1,0.1&t=m&q=-3.364167,29.267778 |access-date=14 January 2013 |publisher=Google Maps}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, ya zama wani ɓangare na iyaka tsakanin DRC da [[Burundi]], kuma mafi ƙanƙanta ya kasance gaba ɗaya a cikin Burundi.<ref name="Google maps" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mokoso |first=Jean De Dieu Mangambu |last2=Kavusa |first2=Kambale |last3=Sefu |first3=Aruna |last4=Milenge |first4=Ladislas Witanene |last5=Kiswele |first5=Prince Kaleme |date=31 March 2022 |title=Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus 1758 at Ruzizi River and Lake Tanganyika (Territory of Uvira, South Kivu, DR Congo): population census and conservation implications |url=https://m.elewa.org/Journals/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/3.Mokoso.pdf |access-date=23 November 2024 |website=Elewa.org/Journals |publisher=ELEWA |page=3 |issn=1997-5902}}</ref> A yamma, tsaunukan Fizi Baraka sun hasumiya a kan kogi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Doyle |first=Mark |date=25 November 2004 |title=Retracing Che Guevara's Congo Footsteps |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4036605.stm |access-date=14 January 2013 |website=BBC News}}</ref> Bridge of Concord, gada mafi tsawo a Burundi, ta haye kogi kusa da baki. Masu biyan haraji na Kogin Ruzizi sun haɗa da Nyamagana, Muhira, Kaburantwa, Kagunuzi, [[Kogin Rubyiro|Rubyiro]] da [[Kogin Ruhwa|Ruhwa]], da sauransu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Acme Mapper (terrain) |url=http://mapper.acme.com/?ll=-3.364167,29.267778&z=12&t=R&marker0=-3.364167,29.267778,Ruzizi%20River |access-date=14 January 2013 |publisher=Acme Labs}}</ref> Kogin Ruzizi, wanda ke gudana a kudu zuwa Tafkin Tanganyika, yana daga cikin ruwan da ke saman Kogin Kongo. Masu binciken Burtaniya na ƙarni na goma sha tara kamar Richard Francis Burton da John Hanning Speke, ba su da tabbas game da hanyar Ruzizi, sun yi tunanin cewa yana iya gudana daga arewa daga tafkin zuwa [[White Nile]]. Binciken da suka yi da kuma binciken da David Livingstone da Henry Morton Stanley suka yi ya tabbatar da cewa wannan ba haka ba ne. Ruzizi yana gudana cikin Tafkin Tanganyika, wanda ke gudana cikin Kogin Lukuga kimanin kilomita 120 (75 kudu da Ujiji. Kogin Lukuga yana gudana zuwa yamma zuwa [[Kogin Lualaba]], babban mai ba da gudummawa na Kongo. == Ilimin ƙasa == Rifting, jinkirin janyewa daga farantin tectonic, ya samar da tsarin Rift na Gabashin Afirka da kuma tafkuna da tabkuna da yawa. Tsarin, a kan iyaka tsakanin African Plate (Nubian Plate) da Somali Plate, yana da rassa biyu, dukansu suna fuskantar arewa maso kudu. Rifting a reshen yamma, wanda ake kira Albertine Rift, ya fara tsakanin shekaru 25 zuwa 10 da suka gabata.<ref name="Danley" /> Kogin Ruzizi yana tare da yammacin rift, wanda ya haɗa da, daga arewa zuwa kudu, tabkuna Albert, [[Tafkin George (Uganda)|George]], [[Tafkin Edward|Edward]], Kivu, Tanganyika, [[Tafkin Rukwa|Rukwa]], [[Tabkin Malawi|Malawi]], da sauransu.<ref name="Danley">{{Cite journal |last=Danley |first=Patrick D. |last2=Husemann |first2=Martin |last3=Ding |first3=Baoqing |last4=Dipietro |first4=Lyndsay M. |last5=Beverly |first5=Emily J. |last6=Peppe |first6=Daniel J. |display-authors=etal |year=2012 |title=The Impact of the Geologic History and Paleoclimate on the Diversification of East African Cichlids |journal=International Journal of Evolutionary Biology |volume=2012 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1155/2012/574851 |pmc=3408716 |pmid=22888465 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Hawan da ke da alaƙa da rifting ya canza haɗin tsakanin jikin ruwa na yankin.<ref name="Danley">{{Cite journal |last=Danley |first=Patrick D. |last2=Husemann |first2=Martin |last3=Ding |first3=Baoqing |last4=Dipietro |first4=Lyndsay M. |last5=Beverly |first5=Emily J. |last6=Peppe |first6=Daniel J. |display-authors=etal |year=2012 |title=The Impact of the Geologic History and Paleoclimate on the Diversification of East African Cichlids |journal=International Journal of Evolutionary Biology |volume=2012 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1155/2012/574851 |pmc=3408716 |pmid=22888465 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Kimanin shekaru 13,000 zuwa 9,000 da suka gabata, aikin dutsen wuta ya toshe tsohon hanyar Lake Kivu zuwa ruwa na Nilu.<ref name="Danley" /> Dutsen ya haifar da duwatsu, gami da [[Tsaunukan Virunga|Virungas]], wanda ya tashi tsakanin Tafkin Kivu da Tafkin Edward, zuwa arewa. Ruwa daga Tafkin Kivu an tilasta shi kudu zuwa Ruzizi . <ref name="Danley" /> Wannan, bi da bi, ya ɗaga matakin Tafkin Tanganyika, wanda ya cika da Kogin Lukuga.<ref name="Danley" /> Bambance-bambance a cikin hauhawa da yanayi sun sa Ruzizi da Lukuga su buɗe da rufe sau da yawa tun daga lokacin.<ref name="Danley" /> == Ruwa da wutar lantarki == An gina tashar wutar lantarki ta Ruzizi I a tashar Ruzizi River daga Tafkin Kivu a shekarar 1958. An kara Ruzizi II Hydroelectric Power Station a shekarar 1989. <ref name="water power">{{Cite journal |date=4 October 2011 |title=Sizing Up African Hydro |url=http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/storyprint.asp?sc=2060823 |journal=Water Power |access-date=14 January 2013}}{{Dead link|date=April 2018}}</ref> Ruzizi I da II suna aiki ne daga kamfani mai kasashe uku (Burundi, Rwanda da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) mallakar Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Kasashen Great Lakes. Kungiyar tana shirin karin madatsun ruwa guda biyu, Ruzizi III da Ruzizi IV. <ref name="water power" /> Ruzizi I yana da ƙarfin samar da kimanin 30 megawatts (MW) kuma Ruzizi II game da 44 MW. Ruzizi III, wanda za a gina shi a ƙasa da sauran biyun, an yi hasashen yana da ƙarfin 145 MW lokacin da ya fara aiki a cikin kimanin 2027. A matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Ruzizi III, Ruzizi I da II za a sake gyara su. Idan a ƙarshe aka gina Ruzizi IV, za a sanya shi tsakanin Ruzizi II da Ruzizi III kuma ana sa ran zai yi aiki a sama da 200 MW. A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 2020, Bankin Raya Afirka ya ware Yuro miliyan 8 don taimakon fasaha a kan aikin wutar lantarki na Ruzizi IV.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2020-01-16 |title=EAST AFRICA: AfDB grants €8 million for the Ruzizi IV hydropower project |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/east-africa-afdb-grants-e8-million-for-the-ruzizi-iv-hydropower-project/ |access-date=2020-01-16 |website=Afrik 21 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana sa ran samar da MW 287 ga Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Rwanda da Burundi.<ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == lx5q85l54pnn1oxu8ju5plphhd49tab 0 153178 842664 2026-05-29T17:30:56Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1315179202|Ruo River]]" 842664 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Ruo''' shine babban rafin [[Rafin Shire|kogin Shire]] a kudancin [[Malawi]] da [[Mozambik|Mozambique]]. Ya samo asali ne daga Mulanje Massif (Malawi) kuma ya kai tsawon {{Convert|80|km|mi}} na kan [[Malawi-Mozambique border|iyakar Malawi da Mozambique]]. Yana haɗuwa da Kogin Shire a Chiromo. Kogin Ruo ya haɗa da gangaren kudu na Mulanje Massif da tsaunukan Shire a Malawi. Babban kogin da ke ratsawa shine Kogin Thuchila (ko [[Tuchila River|Tuchila]]), wanda ke ratsa gangaren kudu maso yammacin Mulanje da gangaren kudu maso gabashin tsaunukan Shire da kuma [[Thuchila plain|filayen Thuchila]] a tsakaninsu. Haɗin Ruo da Thuchila yana kusa da Sandama. Ruo da raƙuman ruwan gefen hagu kuma suna ratsa wani yanki na Gundumar Milange a maƙwabciyar Mozambique. [[Zoa Falls|Madatsar ruwan Zoa]] (16°18'27"S 35°17'10"E) tana da ɗigo mai tsawon mita 60, kuma tana ware yawan kifayen da ke sama da kogin Ruo daga na ƙananan kogunan [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi]] da [[Rafin Shire|Shire]]. Layin dogo na Shire Highlands yana bin hanyar ƙasan Ruo tsakanin Sandama da Chiromo. == Kwaɗo mai kururuwa a kogin Ruo == An fara tattara kwaɗo na ''Arthroleptis francei'' daga kusa da Kogin Ruo a gangaren Mulanje Massif. Ɗaya daga cikin sunayen da aka fi sani da shi shine kwaɗo na Kogin Ruo. Wani sunan da aka fi sani da shi, mai ƙarar Faransa, da kuma takamaiman sunansa ''Francei'' yana ɗauke da tarihi mai ban tausayi. [[Mr. F. H. France|Mista FH Faransa]] matashin jami'in gandun daji ne wanda ya mutu a ƙoƙarin ketare Kogin Ruo kusa da inda aka fara tattara ''Arthroleptis francei''. Arthur Loveridge, masanin kimiyyar da ya bayyana nau'in, ya sanya masa suna bayan Faransa don "sunansa ya danganta da dazuzzukan da ya nemi adanawa a kan dutsen da yake ƙauna sosai." Duk da alaƙarsa da kogin duk da tarihinsa da suna, wannan kwaɗo nau'in ƙasa ne da ke zaune a cikin ciyayi na ganye. == Manazarta == Bua River, MalawiRuo RiverBua River, MalawiRuo RiverBua River, MalawiRuo RiverBua River, Malawi ktauunubn3qqg4ngpelunas1b6p3ol1 842665 842664 2026-05-29T17:32:04Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842665 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Ruo''' shine babban rafin [[Rafin Shire|kogin Shire]] a kudancin [[Malawi]] da [[Mozambik|Mozambique]]. Ya samo asali ne daga Mulanje Massif (Malawi) kuma ya kai tsawon {{Convert|80|km|mi}} na kan [[Malawi-Mozambique border|iyakar Malawi da Mozambique]]. Yana haɗuwa da Kogin Shire a Chiromo. Kogin Ruo ya haɗa da gangaren kudu na Mulanje Massif da tsaunukan Shire a Malawi. Babban kogin da ke ratsawa shine Kogin Thuchila (ko [[Tuchila River|Tuchila]]), wanda ke ratsa gangaren kudu maso yammacin Mulanje da gangaren kudu maso gabashin tsaunukan Shire da kuma [[Thuchila plain|filayen Thuchila]] a tsakaninsu. Haɗin Ruo da Thuchila yana kusa da Sandama. Ruo da raƙuman ruwan gefen hagu kuma suna ratsa wani yanki na Gundumar Milange a maƙwabciyar Mozambique. [[Zoa Falls|Madatsar ruwan Zoa]] (16°18'27"S 35°17'10"E) tana da ɗigo mai tsawon mita 60, kuma tana ware yawan kifayen da ke sama da kogin Ruo daga na ƙananan kogunan [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi]] da [[Rafin Shire|Shire]]. Layin dogo na Shire Highlands yana bin hanyar ƙasan Ruo tsakanin Sandama da Chiromo. == Kwaɗo mai kururuwa a kogin Ruo == An fara tattara kwaɗo na ''Arthroleptis francei'' daga kusa da Kogin Ruo a gangaren Mulanje Massif. Ɗaya daga cikin sunayen da aka fi sani da shi shine kwaɗo na Kogin Ruo. Wani sunan da aka fi sani da shi, mai ƙarar Faransa, da kuma takamaiman sunansa ''Francei'' yana ɗauke da tarihi mai ban tausayi. [[Mr. F. H. France|Mista FH Faransa]] matashin jami'in gandun daji ne wanda ya mutu a ƙoƙarin ketare Kogin Ruo kusa da inda aka fara tattara ''Arthroleptis francei''. Arthur Loveridge, masanin kimiyyar da ya bayyana nau'in, ya sanya masa suna bayan Faransa don "sunansa ya danganta da dazuzzukan da ya nemi adanawa a kan dutsen da yake ƙauna sosai." Duk da alaƙarsa da kogin duk da tarihinsa da suna, wannan kwaɗo nau'in ƙasa ne da ke zaune a cikin ciyayi na ganye. == Manazarta == 7buji5f05wgqgxydcdcf6zw60rqcbwm 842668 842665 2026-05-29T17:57:17Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842668 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Ruo''' shine babban rafin [[Rafin Shire|kogin Shire]] a kudancin [[Malawi]] da [[Mozambik|Mozambique]].<ref name=Britannica>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Ruo-River |title=Ruo River |date=20 July 1998 |work=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=16 September 2017}}</ref> Ya samo asali ne daga Mulanje Massif (Malawi) kuma ya kai tsawon {{Convert|80|km|mi}} na kan [[Malawi-Mozambique border|iyakar Malawi da Mozambique]].<ref name=Britannica>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Ruo-River |title=Ruo River |date=20 July 1998 |work=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=16 September 2017}}</ref> Yana haɗuwa da Kogin Shire a Chiromo. Kogin Ruo ya haɗa da gangaren kudu na Mulanje Massif da tsaunukan Shire a Malawi.<ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn | author = IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group | title = ''Arthroleptis francei'' | volume= 2016 | article-number = e.T54371A77165298 | year = 2016 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T54371A77165298.en }}</ref> Babban kogin da ke ratsawa shine Kogin Thuchila (ko [[Tuchila River|Tuchila]]), wanda ke ratsa gangaren kudu maso yammacin Mulanje da gangaren kudu maso gabashin tsaunukan Shire da kuma [[Thuchila plain|filayen Thuchila]] a tsakaninsu. Haɗin Ruo da Thuchila yana kusa da Sandama. Ruo da raƙuman ruwan gefen hagu kuma suna ratsa wani yanki na Gundumar Milange a maƙwabciyar Mozambique.<ref name="Loveridge 1953">{{cite journal |last1=Loveridge |first1=A. |year=1953 |title=Zoological results of a fifth expedition to East Africa. IV. Amphibians from Nyasaland and Tete |journal=Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology |volume=110 |pages=325–406 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/8015 }}</ref> [[Zoa Falls|Madatsar ruwan Zoa]] (16°18'27"S 35°17'10"E) tana da ɗigo mai tsawon mita 60, kuma tana ware yawan kifayen da ke sama da kogin Ruo daga na ƙananan kogunan [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi]] da [[Rafin Shire|Shire]]. Layin dogo na Shire Highlands yana bin hanyar ƙasan Ruo tsakanin Sandama da Chiromo. == Kwaɗo mai kururuwa a kogin Ruo == An fara tattara kwaɗo na ''Arthroleptis francei'' daga kusa da Kogin Ruo a gangaren Mulanje Massif. Ɗaya daga cikin sunayen da aka fi sani da shi shine kwaɗo na Kogin Ruo. Wani sunan da aka fi sani da shi, mai ƙarar Faransa, da kuma takamaiman sunansa ''Francei'' yana ɗauke da tarihi mai ban tausayi. [[Mr. F. H. France|Mista FH Faransa]] matashin jami'in gandun daji ne wanda ya mutu a ƙoƙarin ketare Kogin Ruo kusa da inda aka fara tattara ''Arthroleptis francei''. Arthur Loveridge, masanin kimiyyar da ya bayyana nau'in, ya sanya masa suna bayan Faransa don "sunansa ya danganta da dazuzzukan da ya nemi adanawa a kan dutsen da yake ƙauna sosai." Duk da alaƙarsa da kogin duk da tarihinsa da suna, wannan kwaɗo nau'in ƙasa ne da ke zaune a cikin ciyayi na ganye.<ref name="Loveridge 1953">{{cite journal |last1=Loveridge |first1=A. |year=1953 |title=Zoological results of a fifth expedition to East Africa. IV. Amphibians from Nyasaland and Tete |journal=Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology |volume=110 |pages=325–406 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/8015 }}</ref> == Manazarta == kz0kele648zuixsb6jpd70pmpq6ta95 842669 842668 2026-05-29T17:57:59Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842669 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Ruo''' shine babban rafin [[Rafin Shire|kogin Shire]] a kudancin [[Malawi]] da [[Mozambik|Mozambique]].<ref name=Britannica>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Ruo-River |title=Ruo River |date=20 July 1998 |work=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=16 September 2017}}</ref> Ya samo asali ne daga Mulanje Massif (Malawi) kuma ya kai tsawon {{Convert|80|km|mi}} na kan [[Malawi-Mozambique border|iyakar Malawi da Mozambique]].<ref name=Britannica>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Ruo-River |title=Ruo River |date=20 July 1998 |work=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=16 September 2017}}</ref> Yana haɗuwa da Kogin Shire a Chiromo. Kogin Ruo ya haɗa da gangaren kudu na Mulanje Massif da tsaunukan Shire a Malawi.<ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn | author = IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group | title = ''Arthroleptis francei'' | volume= 2016 | article-number = e.T54371A77165298 | year = 2016 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T54371A77165298.en }}</ref> Babban kogin da ke ratsawa shine Kogin Thuchila (ko [[Tuchila River|Tuchila]]), wanda ke ratsa gangaren kudu maso yammacin Mulanje da gangaren kudu maso gabashin tsaunukan Shire da kuma [[Thuchila plain|filayen Thuchila]] a tsakaninsu. Haɗin Ruo da Thuchila yana kusa da Sandama. Ruo da raƙuman ruwan gefen hagu kuma suna ratsa wani yanki na Gundumar Milange a maƙwabciyar Mozambique.<ref name="Loveridge 1953">{{cite journal |last1=Loveridge |first1=A. |year=1953 |title=Zoological results of a fifth expedition to East Africa. IV. Amphibians from Nyasaland and Tete |journal=Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology |volume=110 |pages=325–406 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/8015 }}</ref> [[Zoa Falls|Madatsar ruwan Zoa]] (16°18'27"S 35°17'10"E) tana da ɗigo mai tsawon mita 60, kuma tana ware yawan kifayen da ke sama da kogin Ruo daga na ƙananan kogunan [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi]] da [[Rafin Shire|Shire]]. Layin dogo na Shire Highlands yana bin hanyar ƙasan Ruo tsakanin Sandama da Chiromo. == Kwaɗo mai kururuwa a kogin Ruo == An fara tattara kwaɗo na ''Arthroleptis francei'' daga kusa da Kogin Ruo a gangaren Mulanje Massif. Ɗaya daga cikin sunayen da aka fi sani da shi shine kwaɗo na Kogin Ruo. Wani sunan da aka fi sani da shi, mai ƙarar Faransa, da kuma takamaiman sunansa ''Francei'' yana ɗauke da tarihi mai ban tausayi. [[Mr. F. H. France|Mista FH Faransa]] matashin jami'in gandun daji ne wanda ya mutu a ƙoƙarin ketare Kogin Ruo kusa da inda aka fara tattara ''Arthroleptis francei''. Arthur Loveridge, masanin kimiyyar da ya bayyana nau'in, ya sanya masa suna bayan Faransa don "sunansa ya danganta da dazuzzukan da ya nemi adanawa a kan dutsen da yake ƙauna sosai." Duk da alaƙarsa da kogin duk da tarihinsa da suna, wannan kwaɗo nau'in ƙasa ne da ke zaune a cikin ciyayi na ganye.<ref name="Loveridge 1953">{{cite journal |last1=Loveridge |first1=A. |year=1953 |title=Zoological results of a fifth expedition to East Africa. IV. Amphibians from Nyasaland and Tete |journal=Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology |volume=110 |pages=325–406 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/8015 }}</ref> == Manazarta == p96n9iit0tsyv1algq0la98on91khxl 0 153179 842671 2026-05-29T18:13:26Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351733300|North Rukuru River]]" 842671 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Shire_Basin_OSM.png|right|thumb|687x687px|Kogin Rukuru ta Arewa (sama hagu)]] Tana tashi a cikin tsaunukan Nyika kuma bayan kimanin kilomita 100 tana kwarara zuwa [[Tabkin Malawi|tafkin Malawi]] kusa da Karonga. Kogin yana ɗaukar ruwa duk shekara. Kogin yana zubar da ruwa daga ɗaya daga cikin manyan yankunan ruwan sama na Malawi, tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na 1140 mm a kowace shekara. == Yawon Buɗe Ido da Kasuwanci == Akwai wani ma'adanin uranium a Kayelekera a Arewacin Rukuru Basin, wani wurin adana uranium na Karoo, wanda aka kiyasta yana ɗauke da kimanin tan 11,500 na uranium kuma an haƙa shi a cikin rami mai buɗewa daga shekarun 2009 zuwa 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009 |title=Karoo and post-Karoo (coal, uranium, industrial minerals and gemstones) |url=http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/international/malawi/mineral_potential_of_malawi_3.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2025-02-25 |website=Mineral Potential of Malawi |language=en |format=PDF}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paladin Energy Ltd Annual Report 2013 |url=http://ir.paladinenergy.com.au/FormBuilder/DocumentDownload.ashx?item=qeST7KVftUOabxBArSF2rw&Preview=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213185233/http://ir.paladinenergy.com.au/FormBuilder/DocumentDownload.ashx?item=qeST7KVftUOabxBArSF2rw&Preview=1 |archive-date=2014-12-13 |access-date=2025-02-25 |language=en |format=PDF}}</ref> A cewar hukumar FAO, kogunan [[Kogin Bua, Malawi|Bua]], [[Kogin Dwangwa|Dangwa]], [[Kogin Lilongwe|Lilongwe]], [[Lufilya River|Lufilya]], North Rukuru, [[Kogin Songwe|Songwe]], da [[Kogin Rukuru ta Kudu|Kudancin Rukuru]] tare suna da damar kamun kifi na tan 15,000 a kowace shekara. Ana kama tsakanin tan 4,000 zuwa 17,000. == Manazarta == North Rukuru RiverNorth Rukuru RiverNorth Rukuru RiverNorth Rukuru RiverNorth Rukuru RiverNorth Rukuru RiverNorth Rukuru River ocq8k6noungc66gsdfjmfug6appl2nd 842672 842671 2026-05-29T18:14:38Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842672 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Shire_Basin_OSM.png|right|thumb|687x687px|Kogin Rukuru ta Arewa (sama hagu)]] Tana tashi a cikin tsaunukan Nyika kuma bayan kimanin kilomita 100 tana kwarara zuwa [[Tabkin Malawi|tafkin Malawi]] kusa da Karonga. Kogin yana ɗaukar ruwa duk shekara. Kogin yana zubar da ruwa daga ɗaya daga cikin manyan yankunan ruwan sama na Malawi, tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na 1140 mm a kowace shekara. == Yawon Buɗe Ido da Kasuwanci == Akwai wani ma'adanin uranium a Kayelekera a Arewacin Rukuru Basin, wani wurin adana uranium na Karoo, wanda aka kiyasta yana ɗauke da kimanin tan 11,500 na uranium kuma an haƙa shi a cikin rami mai buɗewa daga shekarun 2009 zuwa 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009 |title=Karoo and post-Karoo (coal, uranium, industrial minerals and gemstones) |url=http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/international/malawi/mineral_potential_of_malawi_3.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2025-02-25 |website=Mineral Potential of Malawi |language=en |format=PDF}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paladin Energy Ltd Annual Report 2013 |url=http://ir.paladinenergy.com.au/FormBuilder/DocumentDownload.ashx?item=qeST7KVftUOabxBArSF2rw&Preview=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213185233/http://ir.paladinenergy.com.au/FormBuilder/DocumentDownload.ashx?item=qeST7KVftUOabxBArSF2rw&Preview=1 |archive-date=2014-12-13 |access-date=2025-02-25 |language=en |format=PDF}}</ref> A cewar hukumar FAO, kogunan [[Kogin Bua, Malawi|Bua]], [[Kogin Dwangwa|Dangwa]], [[Kogin Lilongwe|Lilongwe]], [[Lufilya River|Lufilya]], North Rukuru, [[Kogin Songwe|Songwe]], da [[Kogin Rukuru ta Kudu|Kudancin Rukuru]] tare suna da damar kamun kifi na tan 15,000 a kowace shekara. Ana kama tsakanin tan 4,000 zuwa 17,000. == Manazarta == 0emdbt4rekarcu0jxqb7wrics4m7ghf 842673 842672 2026-05-29T18:18:54Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Shire_Basin_OSM.png|right|thumb|687x687px|Kogin Rukuru ta Arewa (sama hagu)]] Tana tashi a cikin tsaunukan Nyika kuma bayan kimanin kilomita 100 tana kwarara zuwa [[Tabkin Malawi|tafkin Malawi]] kusa da Karonga. Kogin yana ɗaukar ruwa duk shekara. Kogin yana zubar da ruwa daga ɗaya daga cikin manyan yankunan ruwan sama na Malawi, tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na 1140 mm a kowace shekara. == Yawon Buɗe Ido da Kasuwanci == Akwai wani ma'adanin uranium a Kayelekera a Arewacin Rukuru Basin, wani wurin adana uranium na Karoo, wanda aka kiyasta yana ɗauke da kimanin tan 11,500 na uranium kuma an haƙa shi a cikin rami mai buɗewa daga shekarun 2009 zuwa 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009 |title=Karoo and post-Karoo (coal, uranium, industrial minerals and gemstones) |url=http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/international/malawi/mineral_potential_of_malawi_3.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2025-02-25 |website=Mineral Potential of Malawi |language=en |format=PDF}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paladin Energy Ltd Annual Report 2013 |url=http://ir.paladinenergy.com.au/FormBuilder/DocumentDownload.ashx?item=qeST7KVftUOabxBArSF2rw&Preview=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213185233/http://ir.paladinenergy.com.au/FormBuilder/DocumentDownload.ashx?item=qeST7KVftUOabxBArSF2rw&Preview=1 |archive-date=2014-12-13 |access-date=2025-02-25 |language=en |format=PDF}}</ref> A cewar hukumar FAO, kogunan [[Kogin Bua, Malawi|Bua]], [[Kogin Dwangwa|Dangwa]], [[Kogin Lilongwe|Lilongwe]], [[Lufilya River|Lufilya]], North Rukuru, [[Kogin Songwe|Songwe]], da [[Kogin Rukuru ta Kudu|Kudancin Rukuru]] tare suna da damar kamun kifi na tan 15,000 a kowace shekara. Ana kama tsakanin tan 4,000 zuwa 17,000. == Manazarta == 16r4djtk9ry1j9wmd0rxf1591r2dhi4 3 153180 842676 2026-05-29T18:31:30Z Mfield 41477 Mfield moved page [[Tattaunawar user:DejiJJ]] to [[Tattaunawar user:Kongo96]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/DejiJJ|DejiJJ]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Kongo96|Kongo96]]" 842676 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Tattaunawar user:Kongo96]] osijb5miol28k1q0c5wzhfxj4gcaqht 0 153181 842679 2026-05-29T18:42:25Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338627497|Lake Chiuta]]" 842679 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tafkin Chiuta''' wani tafki ne mai zurfi da ke kan iyakar [[Malawi]] da [[Mozambik|Mozambique]].<ref>Dawson, A.L. (1970). "The Geology of the Lake Chiuta Area". Geological Survey Dept., Ministry of Natural Resources Malawi. Government Printer, Zomba, Malawi</ref> Yana arewacin [[Tafkin Chilwa]] da kuma kudu da [[Tafkin Amaramba]], wanda ba shi da hanyar fita, kuma tafkunan suna da tudun yashi. Dukansu tafkunan suna cikin wani yanki mai suna graben wanda ke gudana a arewa maso gabas-kudu maso yamma, gabas da babban kwarin Rift na Afirka.<ref>Owen, R.B & R. Crossley, 198?. "Recent sedimentation in Lakes Chilwa and Chiuta, Malawi". Dept. of Geography and Earth Science, University of Malawi, Zomba, Malawi</ref> Tafkin Chiuta yana da zurfin mita 3-4 kuma girmansa ya kama daga murabba'in kilomita 25 zuwa 130, ya danganta da yanayi da ruwan sama. Tafkin Chiuta da Amaramba suna da alaƙa lokaci-lokaci da Kogin Lugenda, wani magudanar ruwa na [[Kogin Ruvuma]].<ref>Ojda, Lutz W. (1994). "Der Chiuta See in Malawi - Studie eines fluktuierenden tropischen Ökosystems mit Fokus auf dessen maximalen fischereilichen Dauerertrags (MSY) und seiner wirtschaftlichen Bedeutung für die angrenzende Kawinga-Ebene" (Monographie) Dissertation / Universität Hamburg / IHF</ref> Tafkin Chiuta zai iya bushewa gaba ɗaya (Owen et al. 198?). Matsakaicin zurfin: {{Convert|1.13|m}} / matsakaicin faɗin saman: {{Convert|199|km2}} / matsakaicin girma: {{Convert|0.225|km3}} / yankin katanga: {{Convert|1755|km2}} (Ojda 1994). Manyan nau'ikan kifin kasuwanci sune ''Oreochromis shiranus shiranus'' (wanda aka fi sani da ''chambo''), ''Clarias gariepinus'' (''mlamba''), da ''Barbus paludinosus'' (''matemba''). An rubuta nau'in kifi talatin da bakwai gabaɗaya (Ojda 1994).<ref>Thieme, Michelle L. (2005). <nowiki>''</nowiki>Freshwater Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment<nowiki>''</nowiki>. Island Press, Washington DC. pp.<nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;173–175.</ref> Mallaka macrophytes na ruwa sune ''Potamogeton welwitschii'' + ''Ceratophyllum demersum'' (submerged), ''Eleocharis dulcis'', ''[[Lallaki|Oryza barthii]]'', da ''Vossia cuspidata'', da sauransu (Ojda 1994).<gallery> Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_01.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - northern tip| Tafkin Chiuta - ƙarshen arewa Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_02.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - middle part| Tafkin Chiuta - tsakiyar ɓangare Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_03.jpg| Lake Chiuta - Nafisi Inselbergs Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_04.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - fishermen viewed from Chiuta Isl.| Tafkin Chiuta - ana kallon masunta daga Chiuta Isl. Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_05.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - checking gillnets| Lake Chiuta - duba gillnets Fayil:Chiuta_Isl-1.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - Chiuta Isl.| Tafkin Chiuta - Tsibirin Chiuta. Fayil:Chiuta-Sulfur.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - unique atmosphere| Lake Chiuta - yanayi na musamman </gallery> == Manazarta == Thieme, Michelle L. (2005). <nowiki>''</nowiki>Freshwater Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment<nowiki>''</nowiki>. Island Press, Washington DC. pp.<nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;173–175. hbmgacd67zeetvorpw3c556yx3uftm0 842681 842679 2026-05-29T18:45:37Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842681 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tafkin Chiuta''' wani tafki ne mai zurfi da ke kan iyakar [[Malawi]] da [[Mozambik|Mozambique]].<ref>Dawson, A.L. (1970). "The Geology of the Lake Chiuta Area". Geological Survey Dept., Ministry of Natural Resources Malawi. Government Printer, Zomba, Malawi</ref> Yana arewacin [[Tafkin Chilwa]] da kuma kudu da [[Tafkin Amaramba]], wanda ba shi da hanyar fita, kuma tafkunan suna da tudun yashi. Dukansu tafkunan suna cikin wani yanki mai suna graben wanda ke gudana a arewa maso gabas-kudu maso yamma, gabas da babban kwarin Rift na Afirka.<ref>Owen, R.B & R. Crossley, 198?. "Recent sedimentation in Lakes Chilwa and Chiuta, Malawi". Dept. of Geography and Earth Science, University of Malawi, Zomba, Malawi</ref> Tafkin Chiuta yana da zurfin mita 3-4 kuma girmansa ya kama daga murabba'in kilomita 25 zuwa 130, ya danganta da yanayi da ruwan sama. Tafkin Chiuta da Amaramba suna da alaƙa lokaci-lokaci da Kogin Lugenda, wani magudanar ruwa na [[Kogin Ruvuma]].<ref>Ojda, Lutz W. (1994). "Der Chiuta See in Malawi - Studie eines fluktuierenden tropischen Ökosystems mit Fokus auf dessen maximalen fischereilichen Dauerertrags (MSY) und seiner wirtschaftlichen Bedeutung für die angrenzende Kawinga-Ebene" (Monographie) Dissertation / Universität Hamburg / IHF</ref> Tafkin Chiuta zai iya bushewa gaba ɗaya (Owen et al. 198?). Matsakaicin zurfin: {{Convert|1.13|m}} / matsakaicin faɗin saman: {{Convert|199|km2}} / matsakaicin girma: {{Convert|0.225|km3}} / yankin katanga: {{Convert|1755|km2}} (Ojda 1994). Manyan nau'ikan kifin kasuwanci sune ''Oreochromis shiranus shiranus'' (wanda aka fi sani da ''chambo''), ''Clarias gariepinus'' (''mlamba''), da ''Barbus paludinosus'' (''matemba''). An rubuta nau'in kifi talatin da bakwai gabaɗaya (Ojda 1994).<ref>Thieme, Michelle L. (2005). <nowiki>''</nowiki>Freshwater Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment<nowiki>''</nowiki>. Island Press, Washington DC. pp.<nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;173–175.</ref> Mallaka macrophytes na ruwa sune ''Potamogeton welwitschii'' + ''Ceratophyllum demersum'' (submerged), ''Eleocharis dulcis'', ''[[Lallaki|Oryza barthii]]'', da ''Vossia cuspidata'', da sauransu (Ojda 1994).<gallery> Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_01.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - northern tip| Tafkin Chiuta - ƙarshen arewa Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_02.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - middle part| Tafkin Chiuta - tsakiyar ɓangare Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_03.jpg| Lake Chiuta - Nafisi Inselbergs Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_04.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - fishermen viewed from Chiuta Isl.| Tafkin Chiuta - ana kallon masunta daga Chiuta Isl. Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_05.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - checking gillnets| Lake Chiuta - duba gillnets Fayil:Chiuta_Isl-1.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - Chiuta Isl.| Tafkin Chiuta - Tsibirin Chiuta. Fayil:Chiuta-Sulfur.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - unique atmosphere| Lake Chiuta - yanayi na musamman </gallery> == Manazarta == q6kqslbrddzeu231vgiyhfpateb5odk 842683 842681 2026-05-29T18:51:00Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842683 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tafkin Chiuta''' wani tafki ne mai zurfi da ke kan iyakar [[Malawi]] da [[Mozambik|Mozambique]].<ref>Dawson, A.L. (1970). "The Geology of the Lake Chiuta Area". Geological Survey Dept., Ministry of Natural Resources Malawi. Government Printer, Zomba, Malawi</ref> Yana arewacin [[Tafkin Chilwa]] da kuma kudu da [[Tafkin Amaramba]], wanda ba shi da hanyar fita, kuma tafkunan suna da tudun yashi. Dukansu tafkunan suna cikin wani yanki mai suna graben wanda ke gudana a arewa maso gabas-kudu maso yamma, gabas da babban kwarin Rift na Afirka.<ref>Owen, R.B & R. Crossley, 198?. "Recent sedimentation in Lakes Chilwa and Chiuta, Malawi". Dept. of Geography and Earth Science, University of Malawi, Zomba, Malawi</ref> Tafkin Chiuta yana da zurfin mita 3-4 kuma girmansa ya kama daga murabba'in kilomita 25 zuwa 130, ya danganta da yanayi da ruwan sama. Tafkin Chiuta da Amaramba suna da alaƙa lokaci-lokaci da Kogin Lugenda, wani magudanar ruwa na [[Kogin Ruvuma]].<ref>Ojda, Lutz W. (1994). "Der Chiuta See in Malawi - Studie eines fluktuierenden tropischen Ökosystems mit Fokus auf dessen maximalen fischereilichen Dauerertrags (MSY) und seiner wirtschaftlichen Bedeutung für die angrenzende Kawinga-Ebene" (Monographie) Dissertation / Universität Hamburg / IHF</ref> Tafkin Chiuta zai iya bushewa gaba ɗaya (Owen et al. 198?). Matsakaicin zurfin: {{Convert|1.13|m}} / matsakaicin faɗin saman: {{Convert|199|km2}} / matsakaicin girma: {{Convert|0.225|km3}} / yankin katanga: {{Convert|1755|km2}} (Ojda 1994). Manyan nau'ikan kifin kasuwanci sune ''Oreochromis shiranus shiranus'' (wanda aka fi sani da ''chambo''), ''Clarias gariepinus'' (''mlamba''), da ''Barbus paludinosus'' (''matemba''). An rubuta nau'in kifi talatin da bakwai gabaɗaya (Ojda 1994).<ref>Thieme, Michelle L. (2005). <nowiki>''</nowiki>Freshwater Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment<nowiki>''</nowiki>. Island Press, Washington DC. pp.<nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;173–175.</ref> Mallaka macrophytes na ruwa sune ''Potamogeton welwitschii'' + ''Ceratophyllum demersum'' (submerged), ''Eleocharis dulcis'', ''[[Lallaki|Oryza barthii]]'', da ''Vossia cuspidata'', da sauransu (Ojda 1994).<gallery> Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_01.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - northern tip| Tafkin Chiuta - ƙarshen arewa Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_02.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - middle part| Tafkin Chiuta - tsakiyar ɓangare Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_03.jpg| Lake Chiuta - Nafisi Inselbergs Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_04.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - fishermen viewed from Chiuta Isl.| Tafkin Chiuta - ana kallon masunta daga Chiuta Isl. Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_05.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - checking gillnets| Lake Chiuta - duba gillnets Fayil:Chiuta_Isl-1.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - Chiuta Isl.| Tafkin Chiuta - Tsibirin Chiuta. Fayil:Chiuta-Sulfur.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - unique atmosphere| Lake Chiuta - yanayi na musamman </gallery> == Manazarta == a9eew8sbyb0hlm8yi61tewnfa4v83zc 842684 842683 2026-05-29T18:52:41Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842684 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tafkin Chiuta''' wani tafki ne mai zurfi da ke kan iyakar [[Malawi]] da [[Mozambik|Mozambique]].<ref>Dawson, A.L. (1970). "The Geology of the Lake Chiuta Area". Geological Survey Dept., Ministry of Natural Resources Malawi. Government Printer, Zomba, Malawi</ref> Yana arewacin [[Tafkin Chilwa]] da kuma kudu da [[Tafkin Amaramba]], wanda ba shi da hanyar fita, kuma tafkunan suna da tudun yashi. Dukansu tafkunan suna cikin wani yanki mai suna graben wanda ke gudana a arewa maso gabas-kudu maso yamma, gabas da babban kwarin Rift na Afirka.<ref name=":0">Owen, R.B & R. Crossley, 198?. "Recent sedimentation in Lakes Chilwa and Chiuta, Malawi". Dept. of Geography and Earth Science, University of Malawi, Zomba, Malawi</ref> Tafkin Chiuta yana da zurfin mita 3-4 kuma girmansa ya kama daga murabba'in kilomita 25 zuwa 130, ya danganta da yanayi da ruwan sama. Tafkin Chiuta da Amaramba suna da alaƙa lokaci-lokaci da Kogin Lugenda, wani magudanar ruwa na [[Kogin Ruvuma]].<ref>Ojda, Lutz W. (1994). "Der Chiuta See in Malawi - Studie eines fluktuierenden tropischen Ökosystems mit Fokus auf dessen maximalen fischereilichen Dauerertrags (MSY) und seiner wirtschaftlichen Bedeutung für die angrenzende Kawinga-Ebene" (Monographie) Dissertation / Universität Hamburg / IHF</ref> Tafkin Chiuta zai iya bushewa gaba ɗaya (Owen et al. 198?). Matsakaicin zurfin: {{Convert|1.13|m}} / matsakaicin faɗin saman: {{Convert|199|km2}} / matsakaicin girma: {{Convert|0.225|km3}} / yankin katanga: {{Convert|1755|km2}} (Ojda 1994).<ref>Thieme, Michelle L. (2005). <nowiki>''</nowiki>Freshwater Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment<nowiki>''</nowiki>. Island Press, Washington DC. pp.<nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;173–175.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Manyan nau'ikan kifin kasuwanci sune ''Oreochromis shiranus shiranus'' (wanda aka fi sani da ''chambo''), ''Clarias gariepinus'' (''mlamba''), da ''Barbus paludinosus'' (''matemba''). An rubuta nau'in kifi talatin da bakwai gabaɗaya (Ojda 1994).<ref>Thieme, Michelle L. (2005). <nowiki>''</nowiki>Freshwater Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment<nowiki>''</nowiki>. Island Press, Washington DC. pp.<nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;173–175.</ref> Mallaka macrophytes na ruwa sune ''Potamogeton welwitschii'' + ''Ceratophyllum demersum'' (submerged), ''Eleocharis dulcis'', ''[[Lallaki|Oryza barthii]]'', da ''Vossia cuspidata'', da sauransu (Ojda 1994).<gallery> Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_01.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - northern tip| Tafkin Chiuta - ƙarshen arewa Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_02.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - middle part| Tafkin Chiuta - tsakiyar ɓangare Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_03.jpg| Lake Chiuta - Nafisi Inselbergs Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_04.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - fishermen viewed from Chiuta Isl.| Tafkin Chiuta - ana kallon masunta daga Chiuta Isl. Fayil:L._Chiuta-N_05.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - checking gillnets| Lake Chiuta - duba gillnets Fayil:Chiuta_Isl-1.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - Chiuta Isl.| Tafkin Chiuta - Tsibirin Chiuta. Fayil:Chiuta-Sulfur.jpg|alt=Lake Chiuta - unique atmosphere| Lake Chiuta - yanayi na musamman </gallery> == Manazarta == hzqwn69ou7qy2qnjx299igpb7jeucbh 0 153182 842687 2026-05-29T18:58:47Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344422335|Port Fuad]]" 842687 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Port Fuad''' ko '''Port Fouad''' ( Arabic ''{{Transl|ar|Borfoʾād}}'', ) birni ne a cikin Gundumar Port Said, [[Misra|Masar]] . Port Fuad yana arewa maso gabashin Masar a ƙarshen arewa maso yammacin yankin Sinai a gefen Asiya na [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]], a gaban birnin Port Said . Ana ɗaukar Port Fuad a matsayin unguwa ta Port Said kuma tare suna samar da yanki mai yawan mazauna sama da miliyan ɗaya. Tare da irin su Colón, [[Panama (ƙasa)|Panama]] ( [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewa]] / [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]] ) da [[Istanbul]], [[Turkiyya]] ( [[Asiya]] / [[Turai]] ), yana ɗaya daga cikin biranen da ke da alaƙa da nahiyoyi a duniya, domin yana yaɗuwa a [[Nahiya|nahiyoyi]] biyu ( [[Afirka]] / Asiya). Port Fuad tana da yawan jama'a 81,591 (kamar yadda yake a shekarar 2015). <ref name="El-Bastawisy">{{Cite journal |last=El-Bastawisy |first=Magdy M. |date=1 January 2016 |title=Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt |journal=Procedia Environmental Sciences |language=en |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=34 |pages=271–284 |doi=10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Port Fuad a shekarar 1926, musamman don rage cunkoson jama'a a Port Said, kuma an sanya masa suna bayan Sarki Fuad na ɗaya (wanda kuma aka fassara shi da ''Fouad'' ), wanda shi ne mutum na farko da ya fara riƙe da wannan muƙamin Sarkin Masar a zamanin yau (wanda a da yake riƙe da muƙamin Sultan na Masar ). [[Fayil:Port_Fouad,Egypt.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayin birnin]] Bayan yakin 1967, Port Fuad ita ce kadai yankin Sinai da Masarawa suka kwace. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi kokarin kwace Port Fuad a lokacin yakin Ras al Aish amma sojojin Masar suka kayar da su. Bayan yakin Oktoba, a cikin yarjejeniyar Camp David ta 1978, Isra'ila ta amince ta mayar da Sinai zuwa Masar cikin lumana, kuma daga baya kasashen biyu suka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya. A yau Port Fuad babban wurin tsaron sama ne ga Masar. Duk da muhimmancin wurin, har zuwa 2006, har yanzu ana daukar Port Fuad a matsayin yankin zama, tare da karancin kayan aiki kuma babu babban gari ko tsakiyar gari. == Yanayin ƙasa == Birnin yana kan Tsibirin Port Fuad, wani tsibiri mai kusurwa uku wanda [[Bahar Rum]] ta yi iyaka da Arewa, Madatsar ruwan Suez a Yamma, da kuma sabuwar hanyar gabas daga Madatsar ruwan Suez zuwa Bahar Rum a Gabas. <ref name="El-Bastawisy">{{Cite journal |last=El-Bastawisy |first=Magdy M. |date=1 January 2016 |title=Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt |journal=Procedia Environmental Sciences |language=en |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=34 |pages=271–284 |doi=10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025 |doi-access=free}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFEl-Bastawisy2016">El-Bastawisy, Magdy M. (1 January 2016). [[doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025|"Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt"]]. ''Procedia Environmental Sciences''. '''34'''. [[Elsevier]]: <span class="nowrap">271–</span>284. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025|10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025]]</span>.</cite></ref> Yana kwance a gefen gabas na babban magudanar ruwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=1922 |title=The Near East |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CUEZAAAAYAAJ |language=en |publisher=s.n. |volume=22 |quote=The Suez Canal Co. is ... at Port Fouad, opposite Port Said, on the Asiatic side of the canal ...}}</ref> Hukumar Suez Canal ce ke da alhakin samar da ayyukan yi a birnin, kuma ma'aikatanta sun ƙunshi mafi yawan jama'a. Tana da asibiti ɗaya tilo. == Sufuri == [[Fayil:Port_Fuad,_Suez_Canal_006.JPG|left|thumb|Jirgin ruwa daga Port Said]] Har zuwa shekarar 2016, ana iya isa garin ta jirgin ruwa zuwa Port Said kawai. Layukan jiragen ruwa guda uku: "Ferry na Port Fouad" da "Ferry na Al-Raswa" daga Port Said, da kuma "Ferry na Tafreea" daga Port Said East. <ref name="Boulos">{{Cite journal |last=Boulos |first=Jacqueline |date=6 January 2016 |title=Sustainable Development of Coastal Cities-Proposal of a Modelling Framework to Achieve Sustainable City-Port Connectivity |journal=Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences |language=en |volume=216 |page=981 |doi=10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.12.094 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A gefen magudanar ruwa ta Sinai, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Location |url=http://ep-egypt.com/index.php/the-project-2/location-3/ |website=ep-egypt.com}}</ref> Port Said East wani ci gaba ne da aka ƙaddamar kwanan nan wanda ya ƙunshi Tashar Kwantena ta Suez Canal wadda aka buɗe a shekarar 2004. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Industrial Area Port Said East |url=https://scct.com.eg/general-information/ |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=SCCT}}</ref> An buɗe wani magudanar ruwa ta gefe a Port Said East a shekarar 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2016 |title=East Port Said Canal Inauguarted |url=https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/183935/east-port-said-canal-inauguarted/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625103922/https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/183935/east-port-said-canal-inauguarted/ |archive-date=25 June 2018 |access-date=11 May 2018 |website=World Maritime News}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2015, Shugaba [[Abdul Fatah el-Sisi|Al-Sisi]] ya ƙaddamar da wani sabon aikin gina tashar jiragen ruwa a Gabashin Port Said a bainar jama'a. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 November 2015 |title=Suez Canal Axis Development project becomes economic zone |url=http://www.tradearabia.com/news/IND_295757.html |website=www.tradearabia.com}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2018, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya tsakanin Rasha da Masar don haɓaka yankin masana'antu na Rasha. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Biranen Misra]] brkm6cjaupexdkq21c17e1wkdbw6oky 842688 842687 2026-05-29T18:59:30Z Engineer014 44591 842688 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Port Fuad''' ko '''Port Fouad''' ( Arabic ''{{Transl|ar|Borfoʾād}}'', ) birni ne a cikin Gundumar Port Said, [[Misra|Masar]] . Port Fuad yana arewa maso gabashin Masar a ƙarshen arewa maso yammacin yankin Sinai a gefen Asiya na [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]], a gaban birnin Port Said . Ana ɗaukar Port Fuad a matsayin unguwa ta Port Said kuma tare suna samar da yanki mai yawan mazauna sama da miliyan ɗaya. Tare da irin su Colón, [[Panama (ƙasa)|Panama]] ( [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewa]] / [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]] ) da [[Istanbul]], [[Turkiyya]] ( [[Asiya]] / [[Turai]] ), yana ɗaya daga cikin biranen da ke da alaƙa da nahiyoyi a duniya, domin yana yaɗuwa a [[Nahiya|nahiyoyi]] biyu ( [[Afirka]] / Asiya). Port Fuad tana da yawan jama'a 81,591 (kamar yadda yake a shekarar 2015). <ref name="El-Bastawisy">{{Cite journal |last=El-Bastawisy |first=Magdy M. |date=1 January 2016 |title=Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt |journal=Procedia Environmental Sciences |language=en |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=34 |pages=271–284 |doi=10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Port Fuad a shekarar 1926, musamman don rage cunkoson jama'a a Port Said, kuma an sanya masa suna bayan Sarki Fuad na ɗaya (wanda kuma aka fassara shi da ''Fouad'' ), wanda shi ne mutum na farko da ya fara riƙe da wannan muƙamin Sarkin Masar a zamanin yau (wanda a da yake riƙe da muƙamin Sultan na Masar ). [[Fayil:Port_Fouad,Egypt.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayin birnin]] Bayan yakin 1967, Port Fuad ita ce kadai yankin Sinai da Masarawa suka kwace. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi kokarin kwace Port Fuad a lokacin yakin Ras al Aish amma sojojin Masar suka kayar da su. Bayan yakin Oktoba, a cikin yarjejeniyar Camp David ta 1978, Isra'ila ta amince ta mayar da Sinai zuwa Masar cikin lumana, kuma daga baya kasashen biyu suka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya. A yau Port Fuad babban wurin tsaron sama ne ga Masar. Duk da muhimmancin wurin, har zuwa 2006, har yanzu ana daukar Port Fuad a matsayin yankin zama, tare da karancin kayan aiki kuma babu babban gari ko tsakiyar gari. == Yanayin ƙasa == Birnin yana kan Tsibirin Port Fuad, wani tsibiri mai kusurwa uku wanda [[Bahar Rum]] ta yi iyaka da Arewa, Madatsar ruwan Suez a Yamma, da kuma sabuwar hanyar gabas daga Madatsar ruwan Suez zuwa Bahar Rum a Gabas. <ref name="El-Bastawisy">{{Cite journal |last=El-Bastawisy |first=Magdy M. |date=1 January 2016 |title=Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt |journal=Procedia Environmental Sciences |language=en |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=34 |pages=271–284 |doi=10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025 |doi-access=free}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFEl-Bastawisy2016">El-Bastawisy, Magdy M. (1 January 2016). [[doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025|"Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt"]]. ''Procedia Environmental Sciences''. '''34'''. [[Elsevier]]: <span class="nowrap">271–</span>284. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025|10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025]]</span>.</cite></ref> Yana kwance a gefen gabas na babban magudanar ruwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=1922 |title=The Near East |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CUEZAAAAYAAJ |language=en |publisher=s.n. |volume=22 |quote=The Suez Canal Co. is ... at Port Fouad, opposite Port Said, on the Asiatic side of the canal ...}}</ref> Hukumar Suez Canal ce ke da alhakin samar da ayyukan yi a birnin, kuma ma'aikatanta sun ƙunshi mafi yawan jama'a. Tana da asibiti ɗaya tilo. == Sufuri == [[Fayil:Port_Fuad,_Suez_Canal_006.JPG|left|thumb|Jirgin ruwa daga Port Said]] Har zuwa shekarar 2016, ana iya isa garin ta jirgin ruwa zuwa Port Said kawai. Layukan jiragen ruwa guda uku: "Ferry na Port Fouad" da "Ferry na Al-Raswa" daga Port Said, da kuma "Ferry na Tafreea" daga Port Said East. <ref name="Boulos">{{Cite journal |last=Boulos |first=Jacqueline |date=6 January 2016 |title=Sustainable Development of Coastal Cities-Proposal of a Modelling Framework to Achieve Sustainable City-Port Connectivity |journal=Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences |language=en |volume=216 |page=981 |doi=10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.12.094 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A gefen magudanar ruwa ta Sinai, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Location |url=http://ep-egypt.com/index.php/the-project-2/location-3/ |website=ep-egypt.com}}</ref> Port Said East wani ci gaba ne da aka ƙaddamar kwanan nan wanda ya ƙunshi Tashar Kwantena ta Suez Canal wadda aka buɗe a shekarar 2004. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Industrial Area Port Said East |url=https://scct.com.eg/general-information/ |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=SCCT}}</ref> An buɗe wani magudanar ruwa ta gefe a Port Said East a shekarar 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2016 |title=East Port Said Canal Inauguarted |url=https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/183935/east-port-said-canal-inauguarted/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625103922/https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/183935/east-port-said-canal-inauguarted/ |archive-date=25 June 2018 |access-date=11 May 2018 |website=World Maritime News}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2015, Shugaba [[Abdul Fatah el-Sisi|Al-Sisi]] ya ƙaddamar da wani sabon aikin gina tashar jiragen ruwa a Gabashin Port Said a bainar jama'a. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 November 2015 |title=Suez Canal Axis Development project becomes economic zone |url=http://www.tradearabia.com/news/IND_295757.html |website=www.tradearabia.com}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2018, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya tsakanin Rasha da Masar don haɓaka yankin masana'antu na Rasha. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Biranen Misra]] ecvxqihpn9jjpgmjsnlgv6mnff809eq 842689 842688 2026-05-29T19:03:06Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344422335|Port Fuad]]" 842689 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Port Fuad''' ko '''Port Fouad''' ( Arabic ''{{Transl|ar|Borfoʾād}}'', ) birni ne a cikin Gundumar Port Said, [[Misra|Masar]] . Port Fuad yana arewa maso gabashin Masar a ƙarshen arewa maso yammacin yankin Sinai a gefen Asiya na [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]], a gaban birnin Port Said . Ana ɗaukar Port Fuad a matsayin unguwa ta Port Said kuma tare suna samar da yanki mai yawan mazauna sama da miliyan ɗaya. Tare da irin su Colón, [[Panama (ƙasa)|Panama]] ( [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewa]] / [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]] ) da [[Istanbul]], [[Turkiyya]] ( [[Asiya]] / [[Turai]] ), yana ɗaya daga cikin biranen da ke da alaƙa da nahiyoyi a duniya, domin yana yaɗuwa a [[Nahiya|nahiyoyi]] biyu ( [[Afirka]] / Asiya). Port Fuad tana da yawan jama'a 81,591 (kamar yadda yake a shekarar 2015). <ref name="El-Bastawisy">{{Cite journal |last=El-Bastawisy |first=Magdy M. |date=1 January 2016 |title=Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt |journal=Procedia Environmental Sciences |language=en |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=34 |pages=271–284 |doi=10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Port Fuad a shekarar 1926, musamman don rage cunkoson jama'a a Port Said, kuma an sanya masa suna bayan Sarki Fuad na ɗaya (wanda kuma aka fassara shi da ''Fouad'' ), wanda shi ne mutum na farko da ya fara riƙe da wannan muƙamin Sarkin Masar a zamanin yau (wanda a da yake riƙe da muƙamin Sultan na Masar ). [[Fayil:Port_Fouad,Egypt.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayin birnin]] Bayan yakin 1967, Port Fuad ita ce kadai yankin Sinai da Masarawa suka kwace. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi kokarin kwace Port Fuad a lokacin yakin Ras al Aish amma sojojin Masar suka kayar da su. Bayan yakin Oktoba, a cikin yarjejeniyar Camp David ta 1978, Isra'ila ta amince ta mayar da Sinai zuwa Masar cikin lumana, kuma daga baya kasashen biyu suka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya. A yau Port Fuad babban wurin tsaron sama ne ga Masar. Duk da muhimmancin wurin, har zuwa 2006, har yanzu ana daukar Port Fuad a matsayin yankin zama, tare da karancin kayan aiki kuma babu babban gari ko tsakiyar gari. == Yanayin ƙasa == Birnin yana kan Tsibirin Port Fuad, wani tsibiri mai kusurwa uku wanda [[Bahar Rum]] ta yi iyaka da Arewa, Madatsar ruwan Suez a Yamma, da kuma sabuwar hanyar gabas daga Madatsar ruwan Suez zuwa Bahar Rum a Gabas. <ref name="El-Bastawisy">{{Cite journal |last=El-Bastawisy |first=Magdy M. |date=1 January 2016 |title=Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt |journal=Procedia Environmental Sciences |language=en |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=34 |pages=271–284 |doi=10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025 |doi-access=free}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFEl-Bastawisy2016">El-Bastawisy, Magdy M. (1 January 2016). [[doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025|"Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt"]]. ''Procedia Environmental Sciences''. '''34'''. [[Elsevier]]: <span class="nowrap">271–</span>284. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025|10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025]]</span>.</cite></ref> Yana kwance a gefen gabas na babban magudanar ruwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=1922 |title=The Near East |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CUEZAAAAYAAJ |language=en |publisher=s.n. |volume=22 |quote=The Suez Canal Co. is ... at Port Fouad, opposite Port Said, on the Asiatic side of the canal ...}}</ref> Hukumar Suez Canal ce ke da alhakin samar da ayyukan yi a birnin, kuma ma'aikatanta sun ƙunshi mafi yawan jama'a. Tana da asibiti ɗaya tilo. == Sufuri == [[Fayil:Port_Fuad,_Suez_Canal_006.JPG|left|thumb|Jirgin ruwa daga Port Said]] Har zuwa shekarar 2016, ana iya isa garin ta jirgin ruwa zuwa Port Said kawai. Layukan jiragen ruwa guda uku: "Ferry na Port Fouad" da "Ferry na Al-Raswa" daga Port Said, da kuma "Ferry na Tafreea" daga Port Said East. <ref name="Boulos">{{Cite journal |last=Boulos |first=Jacqueline |date=6 January 2016 |title=Sustainable Development of Coastal Cities-Proposal of a Modelling Framework to Achieve Sustainable City-Port Connectivity |journal=Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences |language=en |volume=216 |page=981 |doi=10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.12.094 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A gefen magudanar ruwa ta Sinai, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Location |url=http://ep-egypt.com/index.php/the-project-2/location-3/ |website=ep-egypt.com}}</ref> Port Said East wani ci gaba ne da aka ƙaddamar kwanan nan wanda ya ƙunshi Tashar Kwantena ta Suez Canal wadda aka buɗe a shekarar 2004. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Industrial Area Port Said East |url=https://scct.com.eg/general-information/ |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=SCCT}}</ref> An buɗe wani magudanar ruwa ta gefe a Port Said East a shekarar 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2016 |title=East Port Said Canal Inauguarted |url=https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/183935/east-port-said-canal-inauguarted/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625103922/https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/183935/east-port-said-canal-inauguarted/ |archive-date=25 June 2018 |access-date=11 May 2018 |website=World Maritime News}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2015, Shugaba [[Abdul Fatah el-Sisi|Al-Sisi]] ya ƙaddamar da wani sabon aikin gina tashar jiragen ruwa a Gabashin Port Said a bainar jama'a. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 November 2015 |title=Suez Canal Axis Development project becomes economic zone |url=http://www.tradearabia.com/news/IND_295757.html |website=www.tradearabia.com}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2018, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya tsakanin Rasha da Masar don haɓaka yankin masana'antu na Rasha. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Biranen Misra]] brkm6cjaupexdkq21c17e1wkdbw6oky 842690 842689 2026-05-29T19:03:48Z Engineer014 44591 842690 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Port Fuad''' ko '''Port Fouad''' ( Arabic ''{{Transl|ar|Borfoʾād}}'', ) birni ne a cikin Gundumar Port Said, [[Misra|Masar]] . Port Fuad yana arewa maso gabashin Masar a ƙarshen arewa maso yammacin yankin Sinai a gefen Asiya na [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]], a gaban birnin Port Said . Ana ɗaukar Port Fuad a matsayin unguwa ta Port Said kuma tare suna samar da yanki mai yawan mazauna sama da miliyan ɗaya. Tare da irin su Colón, [[Panama (ƙasa)|Panama]] ( [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewa]] / [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]] ) da [[Istanbul]], [[Turkiyya]] ( [[Asiya]] / [[Turai]] ), yana ɗaya daga cikin biranen da ke da alaƙa da nahiyoyi a duniya, domin yana yaɗuwa a [[Nahiya|nahiyoyi]] biyu ( [[Afirka]] / Asiya). Port Fuad tana da yawan jama'a 81,591 (kamar yadda yake a shekarar 2015). <ref name="El-Bastawisy">{{Cite journal |last=El-Bastawisy |first=Magdy M. |date=1 January 2016 |title=Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt |journal=Procedia Environmental Sciences |language=en |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=34 |pages=271–284 |doi=10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Port Fuad a shekarar 1926, musamman don rage cunkoson jama'a a Port Said, kuma an sanya masa suna bayan Sarki Fuad na ɗaya (wanda kuma aka fassara shi da ''Fouad'' ), wanda shi ne mutum na farko da ya fara riƙe da wannan muƙamin Sarkin Masar a zamanin yau (wanda a da yake riƙe da muƙamin Sultan na Masar ). [[Fayil:Port_Fouad,Egypt.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayin birnin]] Bayan yakin 1967, Port Fuad ita ce kadai yankin Sinai da Masarawa suka kwace. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi kokarin kwace Port Fuad a lokacin yakin Ras al Aish amma sojojin Masar suka kayar da su. Bayan yakin Oktoba, a cikin yarjejeniyar Camp David ta 1978, Isra'ila ta amince ta mayar da Sinai zuwa Masar cikin lumana, kuma daga baya kasashen biyu suka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya. A yau Port Fuad babban wurin tsaron sama ne ga Masar. Duk da muhimmancin wurin, har zuwa 2006, har yanzu ana daukar Port Fuad a matsayin yankin zama, tare da karancin kayan aiki kuma babu babban gari ko tsakiyar gari. == Yanayin ƙasa == Birnin yana kan Tsibirin Port Fuad, wani tsibiri mai kusurwa uku wanda [[Bahar Rum]] ta yi iyaka da Arewa, Madatsar ruwan Suez a Yamma, da kuma sabuwar hanyar gabas daga Madatsar ruwan Suez zuwa Bahar Rum a Gabas. <ref name="El-Bastawisy">{{Cite journal |last=El-Bastawisy |first=Magdy M. |date=1 January 2016 |title=Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt |journal=Procedia Environmental Sciences |language=en |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=34 |pages=271–284 |doi=10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025 |doi-access=free}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFEl-Bastawisy2016">El-Bastawisy, Magdy M. (1 January 2016). [[doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025|"Incorporating Local Urban Environmental Conservation and Regional Development: Port Fouad, Egypt"]]. ''Procedia Environmental Sciences''. '''34'''. [[Elsevier]]: <span class="nowrap">271–</span>284. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible">[[doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025|10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.025]]</span>.</cite></ref> Yana kwance a gefen gabas na babban magudanar ruwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=1922 |title=The Near East |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CUEZAAAAYAAJ |language=en |publisher=s.n. |volume=22 |quote=The Suez Canal Co. is ... at Port Fouad, opposite Port Said, on the Asiatic side of the canal ...}}</ref> Hukumar Suez Canal ce ke da alhakin samar da ayyukan yi a birnin, kuma ma'aikatanta sun ƙunshi mafi yawan jama'a. Tana da asibiti ɗaya tilo. == Sufuri == [[Fayil:Port_Fuad,_Suez_Canal_006.JPG|left|thumb|Jirgin ruwa daga Port Said]] Har zuwa shekarar 2016, ana iya isa garin ta jirgin ruwa zuwa Port Said kawai. Layukan jiragen ruwa guda uku: "Ferry na Port Fouad" da "Ferry na Al-Raswa" daga Port Said, da kuma "Ferry na Tafreea" daga Port Said East. <ref name="Boulos">{{Cite journal |last=Boulos |first=Jacqueline |date=6 January 2016 |title=Sustainable Development of Coastal Cities-Proposal of a Modelling Framework to Achieve Sustainable City-Port Connectivity |journal=Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences |language=en |volume=216 |page=981 |doi=10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.12.094 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A gefen magudanar ruwa ta Sinai, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Location |url=http://ep-egypt.com/index.php/the-project-2/location-3/ |website=ep-egypt.com}}</ref> Port Said East wani ci gaba ne da aka ƙaddamar kwanan nan wanda ya ƙunshi Tashar Kwantena ta Suez Canal wadda aka buɗe a shekarar 2004. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Industrial Area Port Said East |url=https://scct.com.eg/general-information/ |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=SCCT}}</ref> An buɗe wani magudanar ruwa ta gefe a Port Said East a shekarar 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2016 |title=East Port Said Canal Inauguarted |url=https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/183935/east-port-said-canal-inauguarted/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625103922/https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/183935/east-port-said-canal-inauguarted/ |archive-date=25 June 2018 |access-date=11 May 2018 |website=World Maritime News}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2015, Shugaba [[Abdul Fatah el-Sisi|Al-Sisi]] ya ƙaddamar da wani sabon aikin gina tashar jiragen ruwa a Gabashin Port Said a bainar jama'a. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 November 2015 |title=Suez Canal Axis Development project becomes economic zone |url=http://www.tradearabia.com/news/IND_295757.html |website=www.tradearabia.com}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2018, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya tsakanin Rasha da Masar don haɓaka yankin masana'antu na Rasha. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Biranen Misra]] ecvxqihpn9jjpgmjsnlgv6mnff809eq 0 153183 842691 2026-05-29T19:04:08Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346678768|Susan Ndalama]]" 842691 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}'''Susan Ndalama''' 'yar siyasar [[Malawi|Malawian]] ce wacce ke aiki a matsayin memba na majalisar dokokin Malawi na Blantyre Rural East . <ref name="mwc">{{Cite web |title=PWC Home – PWC Malawi |url=https://pwcmalawi.org/pwc-home/ |access-date=2025-01-22 |language=en-US}}</ref> Wa'adin Ndalama ya fara ne a ranar 20 ga Mayu 2014. An haifi Ndalama a Blantyre . Ta shiga Kungiyar Mata ta Majalisar Dokokin Malawi kuma ta zama mamba mai zartarwa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Susan Ndalama |url=https://data.connectedafrica.net/entities/e731a36d2d8af576f36fd7ec1f1e81da4a34ada1.d7bbbcde7fe35c643e75d8b92be6622903a0201c |access-date=2025-01-22 |website=data.connectedafrica.net}}</ref> da mataimakiyar shugaban. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-24 |title=Women Parliamentary Caucus speak out against sexual abuse, defilement |url=https://malawimuslims.com/news/women-parliamentary-caucus-speak-out-against-sexual-abuse-defilement/ |access-date=2025-01-22 |website=Malawi Muslims Official Website |language=en-US}}</ref> Roseby Gadama ce ta jagoranci kungiyar.<ref name="mwc">{{Cite web |title=PWC Home – PWC Malawi |url=https://pwcmalawi.org/pwc-home/ |access-date=2025-01-22 |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekara ta 2018 ta ba da goyon baya mai karfi ga Shugaba Peter Mutharika na yanzu yana kira da a sake zabarsa. Tana da mazabar karkara amma tana fara kama da birni. Misali na wannan shine gadar Mlonbozi wacce aka maye gurbin ta bayan ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata ta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Nyasa Times |date=2018-02-28 |title=MP Ndalama says Mutharika has performed wonders to transform Malawi - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi |url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mp-ndalama-says-mutharika-performed-wonders-transform-malawi/ |access-date=2025-02-08 |website=www.nyasatimes.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 76hwkbg5ivboxox23pkyplk0n7f6n0g 0 153184 842692 2026-05-29T19:05:35Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355703781|Hope Tionge Zamba]]" 842692 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Authority control}}'''Hope Tionge Zamba''' 'yar siyasa ce ta Malawian wacce ta kalubalanci cin nasarar da ta samu a zaben fidda gwani don zama 'yar majalisa mai zaman kanta ta Dowa South East a zaben 2025. == Rayuwa == Zamba tana ɗaya daga cikin yara shida da aka haifa wa Skeffa Thom Zamba da Felestia Zamba, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-11 |title=Biography of Colleen Pempho Zamba |url=https://malawifreedomnetwork.com/2023/01/11/biography-of-colleen-pempho-zamba/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914010819/https://malawifreedomnetwork.com/2023/01/11/biography-of-colleen-pempho-zamba/ |archive-date=2024-09-14 |access-date=2024-12-05 |website=Malawi Freedom Network}}</ref> duka malamai. Mahaifinta ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin Malawi na Dowa ta Kudu maso Gabas . 'Yar'uwarta ita ce [[Colleen Zamba]] . A shekara ta 2018 ta kasance daya daga cikin masu fafatawa a zaben fidda gwani a mazabar Dowa ta Kudu maso Gabas. Sauran sun kasance MCP mai zaman kansa, Njoka Chimpeni, Harry Chikumbanje, tsohon Ministan Makamashi Halima Daudi da Gibson Kawiri. Shugabannin yankin sun yi kira ga jam'iyyar MCP don taimako saboda akwai babban bambancin ra'ayi a cikin girman mazabar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-12 |title=Chiefs urge Chakwera to solve MCP primaries wrangle in Dowa South East |url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/chiefs-urge-chakwera-to-solve-mcp-primaries-wrangle-in-dowa-south-east/ |access-date=2026-05-16 |website=www.nyasatimes.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> A shekarar 2025 aka zabe ta a matsayin ‘yar siyasa mai zaman kanta a mazabar Dowa ta Kudu maso Gabas.[1] Ta tsaya takarar ne a zaben fidda gwani, inda mataimakiyar ministar jin dadin mata da yara da walwalar jama’a Halima Daud ta doke ta. Daud ya samu kuri’u 1000 inda ya doke Zamba da kuri’u 785.[2] A zaben 2025 ta tsaya takara da Daud a mazabar Dowa ta Kudu maso Gabas a matsayin dan takara mai zaman kansa. Ta samu kuri'u sama da 26,000.[1] Sauran masu zaman kansu a gundumar Dowa sun hada da Annie Namani Chibwana mai wakiltar Dowa ta tsakiya da Aida Chitsosa Mchenga na Dowa West. [ana yanayi hujja] [citation need] == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] i78sbi1m5wy8kqo6yepqhmq2gaz6298 0 153185 842693 2026-05-29T19:06:00Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327445699|Meet al-Attar shooting]]" 842693 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harin da aka kai wa taron jama'a a Meet al-Attar''' ya faru ne a wani taron jama'a da aka yi a Meet al-Attar ( Arabic ) wani kauye kusa da Banha, [[Misra|Masar]] a ranar 21 ga Agusta, 2013, lokacin da Omar Abdul Razeq Abdullah Rifai ( Arabic ), wani dillalin kaji mai shekaru 28 wanda ba shi da aikin yi kuma tsohon mai laifi wanda aka sake shi kwanan nan daga hukuncin da aka yanke masa bayan da ya shiga cikin mutuwar mutane 23 a shekarar 2008 saboda rikicin iyali, ya harbe mutane 15 har lahira kuma wataƙila ya raunata wasu da dama, ta amfani da bindigar AKMS, kafin mutanen ƙauyen da kansa ya harbe shi. == Mai laifi == Omar Abdul Razeq Abdullah Rifai (1985 &#x2013; 21 ga Agusta 2013) mazaunin Meet al-Attar ne kuma tsohon mai laifi. A shekarar 2008, an same shi da laifin hannu a wani ramuwar gayya ta yankin inda aka kashe mutane 23. An sake shi kwanan nan daga gidan yari bayan ya kammala wa'adinsa. Da alama dalilinsa na kai harin shine saboda sun kasa tallafa wa iyalinsa a wani ramuwar gayya. == Wadanda abin ya shafa == * Ahmed Samir Ibrahim Abdel Raouf, 25, an harbe shi a kirji da gefen hagu, ( Arabic ) * Abdel Aziz Abdel Fattah Abdel Aziz, mai shekaru 42, an harbe shi a kirji da hannuwa, ( Arabic ) * Emad Hamdy Fathy Ali Allam, 23, an harbe shi a ciki, ( Arabic ) * Emad Husseiny Abdel-Hafiz Hanafi, 29, an harbe shi a ciki, ( Arabic ) * Mohammed Shehta Sayed Hassan, mai shekaru 29, an harbe shi a ciki da gefen dama, ( Arabic ) * Abdullah Zenhom Afifi Metwali, 25, harbi a wuya da kirji, ( Arabic ) * Amin Ali Amin Al-Daedae, 33, an harbe shi a kirji, ( Arabic ) * Taha Ahmed Taha Ahmed Sayed, 25, an harbe shi a kirji da makwancinta, ( Arabic ) * Ibrahim Sayed Ibrahim Nada mai shekaru 32, an harbe shi a kai, ciki, da cinyar hagu, ( Arabic ) * Hassan Abdel Alim Mohamed Hassan, mai shekaru 41, an harbe shi a ciki da ƙashin ƙugu, ( Arabic ) * Hassan Mohammed Hadi Abdul Hafeez, 27, harbi a kai da hannun hagu, ( Arabic ) * Abdel Fattah Mohamed Faraj Ibrahim, mai shekaru 25, an harbe shi a wuya da gefen dama, ( Arabic ) * Mohammed Hashim Ibrahim Hashim, 31, an harbe shi a kirji, gefen dama, da hannun dama, ( Arabic ) * Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel Rahim Sayed, 25, an harbe shi a baya da hannun dama, ( Arabic ) * Ahmed Abdul Azim Sayed Abdul Sadiq, 27, an harbe shi a baya, ( Arabic احمد السيد عبد الصادق ) == Manazarta == 6y8v0k98nghf2d1u26s4mjijcturih6 842694 842693 2026-05-29T19:07:24Z Engineer014 44591 842694 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Harin da aka kai wa taron jama'a a Meet al-Attar''' ya faru ne a wani taron jama'a da aka yi a Meet al-Attar ( Arabic ) wani kauye kusa da Banha, [[Misra|Masar]] a ranar 21 ga Agusta, 2013, lokacin da Omar Abdul Razeq Abdullah Rifai ( Arabic ), wani dillalin kaji mai shekaru 28 wanda ba shi da aikin yi kuma tsohon mai laifi wanda aka sake shi kwanan nan daga hukuncin da aka yanke masa bayan da ya shiga cikin mutuwar mutane 23 a shekarar 2008 saboda rikicin iyali, ya harbe mutane 15 har lahira kuma wataƙila ya raunata wasu da dama, ta amfani da bindigar AKMS, kafin mutanen ƙauyen da kansa ya harbe shi. == Mai laifi == Omar Abdul Razeq Abdullah Rifai (1985 &#x2013; 21 ga Agusta 2013) mazaunin Meet al-Attar ne kuma tsohon mai laifi. A shekarar 2008, an same shi da laifin hannu a wani ramuwar gayya ta yankin inda aka kashe mutane 23. An sake shi kwanan nan daga gidan yari bayan ya kammala wa'adinsa. Da alama dalilinsa na kai harin shine saboda sun kasa tallafa wa iyalinsa a wani ramuwar gayya. == Wadanda abin ya shafa == * Ahmed Samir Ibrahim Abdel Raouf, 25, an harbe shi a kirji da gefen hagu, ( Arabic ) * Abdel Aziz Abdel Fattah Abdel Aziz, mai shekaru 42, an harbe shi a kirji da hannuwa, ( Arabic ) * Emad Hamdy Fathy Ali Allam, 23, an harbe shi a ciki, ( Arabic ) * Emad Husseiny Abdel-Hafiz Hanafi, 29, an harbe shi a ciki, ( Arabic ) * Mohammed Shehta Sayed Hassan, mai shekaru 29, an harbe shi a ciki da gefen dama, ( Arabic ) * Abdullah Zenhom Afifi Metwali, 25, harbi a wuya da kirji, ( Arabic ) * Amin Ali Amin Al-Daedae, 33, an harbe shi a kirji, ( Arabic ) * Taha Ahmed Taha Ahmed Sayed, 25, an harbe shi a kirji da makwancinta, ( Arabic ) * Ibrahim Sayed Ibrahim Nada mai shekaru 32, an harbe shi a kai, ciki, da cinyar hagu, ( Arabic ) * Hassan Abdel Alim Mohamed Hassan, mai shekaru 41, an harbe shi a ciki da ƙashin ƙugu, ( Arabic ) * Hassan Mohammed Hadi Abdul Hafeez, 27, harbi a kai da hannun hagu, ( Arabic ) * Abdel Fattah Mohamed Faraj Ibrahim, mai shekaru 25, an harbe shi a wuya da gefen dama, ( Arabic ) * Mohammed Hashim Ibrahim Hashim, 31, an harbe shi a kirji, gefen dama, da hannun dama, ( Arabic ) * Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel Rahim Sayed, 25, an harbe shi a baya da hannun dama, ( Arabic ) * Ahmed Abdul Azim Sayed Abdul Sadiq, 27, an harbe shi a baya, ( Arabic احمد السيد عبد الصادق ) == Manazarta == 6r9ywhpltri1lxktuz8u3x7a0tu7gu1 0 153186 842695 2026-05-29T19:11:44Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1292283311|Toukh train accident]]" 842695 wikitext text/x-wiki A ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 2021, wani jirgin kasa ya kauce hanya a birnin Toukh da ke Jihar Qalyubiyya, Masar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2021 |title=At least 11 killed, 98 injured in Egypt as train derails |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/18/africa/egypt-train-derailment-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419005336/https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/18/africa/egypt-train-derailment-intl/index.html |archive-date=19 April 2021 |access-date=19 April 2021 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Hadarin ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane 23, wasu 139 kuma suka jikkata, <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2021 |title=Egypt: 11 dead, 98 injured after train derails near Cairo |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-crash-idUSKBN2C731S |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615150253/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/egypts-sunday-train-accident-killed-23-says-public-prosecutor-2021-04-20/ |archive-date=15 June 2021 |access-date=22 April 2021 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> ya makale da dama a karkashin karusa da suka kife. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2021 |title=Eleven dead, 98 injured after train derails in Egypt |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/several-people-hurt-after-train-derails-egypt-2021-04-18/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418134344/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/several-people-hurt-after-train-derails-egypt-2021-04-18/ |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=18 April 2021 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Wannan shi ne babban hatsarin jirgin kasa na uku da aka samu a Masar cikin kasa da wata guda. Idan aka yi la'akari da yadda hatsarin jirgin kasa da hadurra suka yi yawa a Masar, masu gabatar da kara sun dora alhakin sakacin ma'aikatan jirgin kasa da kuma rashin kyawun shugabanci a kasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Egypt: At Least 11 Killed, About 100 Injured in Train Crash North of Cairo |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/middle-east_egypt-least-11-killed-about-100-injured-train-crash-north-cairo/6204745.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418195326/https://www.voanews.com/middle-east/egypt-least-11-killed-about-100-injured-train-crash-north-cairo |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=10 April 2021 |publisher=Voice of America}}</ref> == Bincike == Binciken farko ya danganta lamarin da karuwar gudun jirgin Toukh, wanda ke tafiya a 120&nbsp;km/h a kan wani mizani da ba a tsara shi don gudun da ya wuce 30 ba&nbsp;km/h. <ref>{{Cite web |last=القاهرة |first=اليوم- |date=2021-04-18 |title=قطار طوخ.. التحقيقات الأولية تكشف سبب الحادث وسر"صوت الانفجار " |url=https://www.alyaum.com/articles/6318723/القارات-السبع/قطار-طوخ-التحقيقات-الأولية-تكشف-سبب-الحادث-وسرصوت-الانفجار- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418182620/https://www.alyaum.com/articles/6318709/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B9/%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%88-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%84-543-%D8%A5%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3-%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7 |archive-date=2021-04-18 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=alyaum |language=Arabic}}</ref> An kama direban jirgin, mataimakin direban, da duk ma'aikatan alamun jirgin da hasumiyai a yankin da hatsarin ya faru, a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken. <ref>{{Cite web |title=السلطات المصرية تحقق مع طاقم قطار طوخ وعمال الإشارات |url=https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1430825-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%B8-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%94%D9%82-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%AE-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%95%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=سكاي نيوز عربية |language=ar}}</ref> == Martani == Shugaba Abdel Fattah Sisi ya umarci Firayim Minista Mostafa Madbouly da ya kafa kwamiti, wanda zai kunshi membobin Hukumar Kula da Gudanarwa, Hukumar Injiniyan Sojojin Sama, da Kwalejin Fasaha ta Soja, domin tantance musabbabin hatsarin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=السيسي يكلف الحكومة بالتحقيق في أسباب حادث قطار طوخ |url=https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1430777-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418181610/https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1430777-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1 |archive-date=2021-04-18 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=سكاي نيوز عربية |language=ar}}</ref> Ministan sufuri, [[Kamel Al -Wazir|Kamel Al-Wazir]], ya ziyarci wurin da hatsarin ya faru, kuma ya bayyana cewa za a hukunta wadanda ke da hannu a lamarin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=وزير النقل المصري يتعهد بمحاسبة المتسببين في حادث قطار طوخ |url=https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1430775-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%82-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AB-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%AE |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418180832/https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1430775-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%82-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AB-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%AE |archive-date=2021-04-18 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=سكاي نيوز عربية |language=ar}}</ref> Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta tura motocin daukar marasa lafiya 58 zuwa wurin da hatsarin ya faru don jigilar wadanda suka jikkata. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-18 |title=الصحة: إصابة 97 مواطنًا في حادث قطار طوخ - بوابة الأهرام |url=https://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/2695377.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418134158/https://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/2695377.aspx |archive-date=2021-04-18 |access-date=2021-05-20}}</ref> An kori Ashraf Raslan, shugaban hukumar layin dogo ta Masar, bayan afkuwar lamarin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Egypt Fires Top Railway Official after Deadly Train Crashes |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_egypt-fires-top-railway-official-after-deadly-train-crashes/6204902.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521190639/https://www.voanews.com/africa/egypt-fires-top-railway-official-after-deadly-train-crashes |archive-date=2021-05-21 |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=Voice of America |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-21 |title=Egypt's Railways Chief Fired In Wake of Fatal Train Accident |url=https://themedialine.org/headlines/egypts-railways-chief-fired-in-wake-of-fatal-train-accident/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521113013/https://themedialine.org/headlines/egypts-railways-chief-fired-in-wake-of-fatal-train-accident/ |archive-date=2021-05-21 |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=The Media Line |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Hadarin jirgin ƙasa na Sohag, wani hatsarin jirgin ƙasa da ya faru a Masar makonni uku da suka gabata * Jerin hadurran jirgin kasa a Masar == Manazarta == iljfk783tbmjz23pufuxjfhwpc5srno 842696 842695 2026-05-29T19:12:18Z Engineer014 44591 842696 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 2021, wani jirgin kasa ya kauce hanya a birnin Toukh da ke Jihar Qalyubiyya, Masar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2021 |title=At least 11 killed, 98 injured in Egypt as train derails |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/18/africa/egypt-train-derailment-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419005336/https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/18/africa/egypt-train-derailment-intl/index.html |archive-date=19 April 2021 |access-date=19 April 2021 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Hadarin ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane 23, wasu 139 kuma suka jikkata, <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2021 |title=Egypt: 11 dead, 98 injured after train derails near Cairo |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-crash-idUSKBN2C731S |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615150253/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/egypts-sunday-train-accident-killed-23-says-public-prosecutor-2021-04-20/ |archive-date=15 June 2021 |access-date=22 April 2021 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> ya makale da dama a karkashin karusa da suka kife. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2021 |title=Eleven dead, 98 injured after train derails in Egypt |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/several-people-hurt-after-train-derails-egypt-2021-04-18/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418134344/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/several-people-hurt-after-train-derails-egypt-2021-04-18/ |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=18 April 2021 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Wannan shi ne babban hatsarin jirgin kasa na uku da aka samu a Masar cikin kasa da wata guda. Idan aka yi la'akari da yadda hatsarin jirgin kasa da hadurra suka yi yawa a Masar, masu gabatar da kara sun dora alhakin sakacin ma'aikatan jirgin kasa da kuma rashin kyawun shugabanci a kasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Egypt: At Least 11 Killed, About 100 Injured in Train Crash North of Cairo |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/middle-east_egypt-least-11-killed-about-100-injured-train-crash-north-cairo/6204745.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418195326/https://www.voanews.com/middle-east/egypt-least-11-killed-about-100-injured-train-crash-north-cairo |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=10 April 2021 |publisher=Voice of America}}</ref> == Bincike == Binciken farko ya danganta lamarin da karuwar gudun jirgin Toukh, wanda ke tafiya a 120&nbsp;km/h a kan wani mizani da ba a tsara shi don gudun da ya wuce 30 ba&nbsp;km/h. <ref>{{Cite web |last=القاهرة |first=اليوم- |date=2021-04-18 |title=قطار طوخ.. التحقيقات الأولية تكشف سبب الحادث وسر"صوت الانفجار " |url=https://www.alyaum.com/articles/6318723/القارات-السبع/قطار-طوخ-التحقيقات-الأولية-تكشف-سبب-الحادث-وسرصوت-الانفجار- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418182620/https://www.alyaum.com/articles/6318709/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B9/%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%88-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%84-543-%D8%A5%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3-%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7 |archive-date=2021-04-18 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=alyaum |language=Arabic}}</ref> An kama direban jirgin, mataimakin direban, da duk ma'aikatan alamun jirgin da hasumiyai a yankin da hatsarin ya faru, a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken. <ref>{{Cite web |title=السلطات المصرية تحقق مع طاقم قطار طوخ وعمال الإشارات |url=https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1430825-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%B8-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%94%D9%82-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%AE-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%95%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=سكاي نيوز عربية |language=ar}}</ref> == Martani == Shugaba Abdel Fattah Sisi ya umarci Firayim Minista Mostafa Madbouly da ya kafa kwamiti, wanda zai kunshi membobin Hukumar Kula da Gudanarwa, Hukumar Injiniyan Sojojin Sama, da Kwalejin Fasaha ta Soja, domin tantance musabbabin hatsarin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=السيسي يكلف الحكومة بالتحقيق في أسباب حادث قطار طوخ |url=https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1430777-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418181610/https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1430777-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%85%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1 |archive-date=2021-04-18 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=سكاي نيوز عربية |language=ar}}</ref> Ministan sufuri, [[Kamel Al -Wazir|Kamel Al-Wazir]], ya ziyarci wurin da hatsarin ya faru, kuma ya bayyana cewa za a hukunta wadanda ke da hannu a lamarin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=وزير النقل المصري يتعهد بمحاسبة المتسببين في حادث قطار طوخ |url=https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1430775-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%82-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AB-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%AE |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418180832/https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1430775-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%82-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AB-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%AE |archive-date=2021-04-18 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=سكاي نيوز عربية |language=ar}}</ref> Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta tura motocin daukar marasa lafiya 58 zuwa wurin da hatsarin ya faru don jigilar wadanda suka jikkata. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-18 |title=الصحة: إصابة 97 مواطنًا في حادث قطار طوخ - بوابة الأهرام |url=https://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/2695377.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418134158/https://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/2695377.aspx |archive-date=2021-04-18 |access-date=2021-05-20}}</ref> An kori Ashraf Raslan, shugaban hukumar layin dogo ta Masar, bayan afkuwar lamarin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Egypt Fires Top Railway Official after Deadly Train Crashes |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_egypt-fires-top-railway-official-after-deadly-train-crashes/6204902.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521190639/https://www.voanews.com/africa/egypt-fires-top-railway-official-after-deadly-train-crashes |archive-date=2021-05-21 |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=Voice of America |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-21 |title=Egypt's Railways Chief Fired In Wake of Fatal Train Accident |url=https://themedialine.org/headlines/egypts-railways-chief-fired-in-wake-of-fatal-train-accident/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521113013/https://themedialine.org/headlines/egypts-railways-chief-fired-in-wake-of-fatal-train-accident/ |archive-date=2021-05-21 |access-date=2021-05-21 |website=The Media Line |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Hadarin jirgin ƙasa na Sohag, wani hatsarin jirgin ƙasa da ya faru a Masar makonni uku da suka gabata * Jerin hadurran jirgin kasa a Masar == Manazarta == myxacg3dy3kso77vnicswr4245xhpsu 0 153187 842697 2026-05-29T19:14:28Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1258657155|Pyramid of Athribis]]" 842697 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dala na Athribis''' wani ƙaramin dala ne [[Mudbrick|na tubalan laka]] da ke Athribis (Tell Atrib) a kudancin Delta na Nile, arewa maso gabashin birnin Banha na zamani. Yana nan ne mafi nisa daga dukkan dala a [[tsohuwar Masar]] kuma dala ɗaya tilo da aka sani da aka gina a Delta. == Ganowa da asara == Masana kimiyya sun fara lura da ginin a lokacin Yaƙin [[Napoleon]] na Masar (1798-1801). Duk da haka, babu wani bincike na gaske da aka yi, banda sassaka dala da taswirar tarkacen Athribis wanda ya haɗa da dala, waɗanda aka fara buga su a cikin ''Bayanin de l'Égypte'' a 1822. Bayan haka, na dogon lokaci, an manta da dala. An fara mayar da dala ɗin a shekarar 1938 ta hannun wata tawaga daga Jami'ar Liverpool ƙarƙashin jagorancin Alan Rowe . A halin yanzu, an lalata babban ginin gaba ɗaya. Takaitawar lokaci ta hana Rowe yin bincike mai zurfi, sakamakon haka, rahotonsa ya yi gajeru sosai kuma babu wani bayani da ya wuce abin da balaguron Faransa ya riga ya ruwaito. Wani masanin kimiyyar ƙasar Poland [[Andrzej Ćwiek]] ne ya yi ƙoƙarin gano dala ta ƙarshe a shekarar 1993. Duk da haka, a wannan lokacin, birnin Banha na zamani ya mamaye Athribis, an lalata dala ta gaba ɗaya kuma ba a iya tantance ainihin wurin da take ba. === Tsarin gini === Ba a taɓa tantance girman dala-dala ba, don haka za a iya kimanta su ne kawai daga bayanan da ke cikin ''Bayanin de l'Egypt'' . Dangane da mastabas da ke bayyana a taswirar, Ćwiek ya ƙididdige cewa dala-dala ya kai kimanin {{Convert|20|m}} a kowane gefe. Ya kiyasta cewa karkacewar ta kasance ƙasa da 50°. Wannan zai nuna tsayin ƙasa da {{Convert|16|m}} . === Shekaru da manufa === [[Fayil:Athribis_Plan.jpg|thumb|Taswirar Athribis daga ''Bayanin de l'Egypt'' (1823). Dala ɗin yana tsakiyar tarkacen, a kusurwar hagu ta sama ta mahadar hanya.]] Za a iya yin hasashe ne kawai game da shekaru da manufar dala, saboda ƙarancin kayan da za a iya adanawa. Masanin ilimin Masar Nabil Swelim da tsohon darektan DAI a Alkahira Rainer Stadelmann <ref>Rainer Stadelmann. ''Die ägyptischen Pyramiden. Vom Ziegelbau zum Weltwunder.'' 3rd Edition, von Zabern, Mainz 1997, {{ISBN|3-8053-1142-7}}, p. 79.</ref> sun haɗa shi da rukunin dala bakwai masu ƙananan matakai ( Elphantine, Edfu South, el-Kula, Naqada, Zawyet el-Maiyitin, Seila da Sinki ) waɗanda aka gina a ƙarshen Daular 3 (wanda ya yi mulki kimanin 2686-c. 2613 KZ) ko kuma farkon 4th (wanda ya yi mulki kimanin 2613-c. 2494 KZ). Stadelmann yana ganin waɗannan gine-gine a matsayin abubuwan da suka faru na ikon sarauta na gida, wanda aka yi daidai da tsarin Kaiserpfalz na [[Daular Roma Mai Tsarki|Daular Romawa Mai Tsarki]], yayin da Swelim ya nuna manufar addini. Duk da haka, ɗayan masanan bai tabbatar da shigar da dala ta Athribis a cikin wannan rukunin ba. A zahiri ya samo asali ne kawai daga gaskiyar cewa girman hasashen dala yana kama da na sauran dala bakwai, yayin da akwai manyan abubuwan da ke jayayya game da gano shi: na farko, zane a cikin ''Bayanin'' yana nuna dala ta gaskiya, ba dala ta mataki kamar sauran bakwai ba; na biyu, sauran dala bakwai an gina su da dutse, yayin da dala ta Athribis an yi ta da tubali. Saboda wannan batu na ƙarshe musamman, Ćwiek ya soki shigar da wannan dala ta Swelim da Stadelmann a cikin wannan rukunin. Ya kuma yi la'akari da cewa ba zai yiwu ba tsarin tubali ya tsira a cikin irin wannan yanayi mai kyau tun daga [[Tsohuwar Masarautar Masar|Tsohon Masarautar]] har zuwa farkon ƙarni na 19. Saboda haka, a ra'ayinsa, wataƙila dala ce daga Daular 13 (wanda ya yi mulki daga 1803–1649 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa), idan ba zamanin ƙarshe ba (kimanin 664 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa – 332 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa Isa). == Manazarta == iwo1fznll06xq77z9brfwzpz0iwcu7h 842699 842697 2026-05-29T19:14:55Z Engineer014 44591 842699 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dala na Athribis''' wani ƙaramin dala ne [[Mudbrick|na tubalan laka]] da ke Athribis (Tell Atrib) a kudancin Delta na Nile, arewa maso gabashin birnin Banha na zamani. Yana nan ne mafi nisa daga dukkan dala a [[tsohuwar Masar]] kuma dala ɗaya tilo da aka sani da aka gina a Delta. == Ganowa da asara == Masana kimiyya sun fara lura da ginin a lokacin Yaƙin [[Napoleon]] na Masar (1798-1801). Duk da haka, babu wani bincike na gaske da aka yi, banda sassaka dala da taswirar tarkacen Athribis wanda ya haɗa da dala, waɗanda aka fara buga su a cikin ''Bayanin de l'Égypte'' a 1822. Bayan haka, na dogon lokaci, an manta da dala. An fara mayar da dala ɗin a shekarar 1938 ta hannun wata tawaga daga Jami'ar Liverpool ƙarƙashin jagorancin Alan Rowe . A halin yanzu, an lalata babban ginin gaba ɗaya. Takaitawar lokaci ta hana Rowe yin bincike mai zurfi, sakamakon haka, rahotonsa ya yi gajeru sosai kuma babu wani bayani da ya wuce abin da balaguron Faransa ya riga ya ruwaito. Wani masanin kimiyyar ƙasar Poland [[Andrzej Ćwiek]] ne ya yi ƙoƙarin gano dala ta ƙarshe a shekarar 1993. Duk da haka, a wannan lokacin, birnin Banha na zamani ya mamaye Athribis, an lalata dala ta gaba ɗaya kuma ba a iya tantance ainihin wurin da take ba. === Tsarin gini === Ba a taɓa tantance girman dala-dala ba, don haka za a iya kimanta su ne kawai daga bayanan da ke cikin ''Bayanin de l'Egypt'' . Dangane da mastabas da ke bayyana a taswirar, Ćwiek ya ƙididdige cewa dala-dala ya kai kimanin {{Convert|20|m}} a kowane gefe. Ya kiyasta cewa karkacewar ta kasance ƙasa da 50°. Wannan zai nuna tsayin ƙasa da {{Convert|16|m}} . === Shekaru da manufa === [[Fayil:Athribis_Plan.jpg|thumb|Taswirar Athribis daga ''Bayanin de l'Egypt'' (1823). Dala ɗin yana tsakiyar tarkacen, a kusurwar hagu ta sama ta mahadar hanya.]] Za a iya yin hasashe ne kawai game da shekaru da manufar dala, saboda ƙarancin kayan da za a iya adanawa. Masanin ilimin Masar Nabil Swelim da tsohon darektan DAI a Alkahira Rainer Stadelmann <ref>Rainer Stadelmann. ''Die ägyptischen Pyramiden. Vom Ziegelbau zum Weltwunder.'' 3rd Edition, von Zabern, Mainz 1997, {{ISBN|3-8053-1142-7}}, p. 79.</ref> sun haɗa shi da rukunin dala bakwai masu ƙananan matakai ( Elphantine, Edfu South, el-Kula, Naqada, Zawyet el-Maiyitin, Seila da Sinki ) waɗanda aka gina a ƙarshen Daular 3 (wanda ya yi mulki kimanin 2686-c. 2613 KZ) ko kuma farkon 4th (wanda ya yi mulki kimanin 2613-c. 2494 KZ). Stadelmann yana ganin waɗannan gine-gine a matsayin abubuwan da suka faru na ikon sarauta na gida, wanda aka yi daidai da tsarin Kaiserpfalz na [[Daular Roma Mai Tsarki|Daular Romawa Mai Tsarki]], yayin da Swelim ya nuna manufar addini. Duk da haka, ɗayan masanan bai tabbatar da shigar da dala ta Athribis a cikin wannan rukunin ba. A zahiri ya samo asali ne kawai daga gaskiyar cewa girman hasashen dala yana kama da na sauran dala bakwai, yayin da akwai manyan abubuwan da ke jayayya game da gano shi: na farko, zane a cikin ''Bayanin'' yana nuna dala ta gaskiya, ba dala ta mataki kamar sauran bakwai ba; na biyu, sauran dala bakwai an gina su da dutse, yayin da dala ta Athribis an yi ta da tubali. Saboda wannan batu na ƙarshe musamman, Ćwiek ya soki shigar da wannan dala ta Swelim da Stadelmann a cikin wannan rukunin. Ya kuma yi la'akari da cewa ba zai yiwu ba tsarin tubali ya tsira a cikin irin wannan yanayi mai kyau tun daga [[Tsohuwar Masarautar Masar|Tsohon Masarautar]] har zuwa farkon ƙarni na 19. Saboda haka, a ra'ayinsa, wataƙila dala ce daga Daular 13 (wanda ya yi mulki daga 1803–1649 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa), idan ba zamanin ƙarshe ba (kimanin 664 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa – 332 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa Isa). == Manazarta == a25vm8xvk6i02v4a2k58nika5xi7tew 0 153188 842700 2026-05-29T19:16:39Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1312562444|Battle of Al Khankah]]" 842700 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yaƙin Al Khankah''' wani yaƙi ne na soja tsakanin Ottomans da sojojin Faransa wanda ya faru kusa da Alkahira. Ottomans sun ci Faransawa da yaƙi, wanda hakan ya nuna farkon ƙarshen mamayar Faransawa a Masar. == Bayani == Yayin da rundunar Ottoman, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Babban Vizier, Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha, suka kusanci birnin Alƙahira, rundunar haɗin gwiwa ta isa ɗayan gefen. Janar na Birtaniya, John Hely-Hutchinson, ya aika da buƙatar Babban Vizier ya dakatar da tafiyarsa maimakon ɗaukar wani mummunan mataki da Faransa; duk da haka, Yusuf ya ƙi. Faransawa, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Augustin Daniel Belliard, sun yanke shawarar kawar da rundunar Ottoman kafin isowar Birtaniya, saboda ba su da isassun mutane da za su kare birnin. Sojojin Faransa sun fita daga birnin Alƙahira da jiragen ƙasa 4,600, dawakai 900, da kuma manyan bindigogi 24 a ranar 15 ga Mayu. == Yaƙi == Faransawa suna cikin leƙen asiri. Sojojin Ottoman sun hango Faransawa a maɓuɓɓugan Al Khankah . Daga nan Yusuf ya aika Tahir Pasha da sojoji 3,000 da bindigogi 3 don kai hari ga Faransawa da daddare. Ottomans sun ci karo da Faransawa, kuma ɓangarorin biyu suka ajiye makamansu har washegari. Daga nan Tahir ya kai hari ga Faransawa kuma aka ƙarfafa shi da dawakai 1,500 da Albaniyawa 5,000 ƙarƙashin jagorancin [[Muhammad Ali Pasha]] . Faransawa sun yi sansani a bishiyoyin dabino, inda suka yi musayar wuta da masu harbin Ottoman masu kaifi na tsawon awanni uku. Belliard ya yi ƙoƙarin shiga yaƙi ya kafa manyan rukunoni biyu na murabba'i. Duk da haka, Ottomans, waɗanda jami'an Birtaniya suka ba da umarni, sun guji kusantarsu, amma a lokaci guda, sun yi amfani da dawakansu don yaƙar masu harbin abokan gaba. Bashi-bazouks suka fara yawo a kusa da su suna harbi a nesa mai aminci. Cikin takaici, Belliard ya yi ƙoƙarin kai hari, amma Ottomans suka yi yawo a gefensa. Harsasai da kayayyaki na Faransa sun fara ƙarewa, kuma ƙarin ƙarin sojojin Ottoman sun zo don shiga yaƙin. Bayan ya yarda da shan kaye, an tilasta wa Belliard komawa Alkahira, kuma Ottomans suka fara bin su na tsawon mil 7 kafin su tsaya. == Bayan haka == Faransawa sun sha wahala wajen kashe ko raunata mutane 350, yayin da Ottomanwa suka sha wahala 150. A karon farko, sojojin Ottoman sun sami damar kayar da Faransawa a fagen daga kuma suka daidaita yakin. Da Ottomanwa sun sha kashi, Alkahira za ta ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ikon Faransa kuma ta tilasta wa Hutchinson ya ja da baya. Yaƙin ya nuna farkon ƙarshen mamayar Faransawa a Masar. <ref name="Stuart" /> == Manazarta == lepojf8j2j2tnt5epwcpagww2b9nmhy 842701 842700 2026-05-29T19:17:03Z Engineer014 44591 842701 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yaƙin Al Khankah''' wani yaƙi ne na soja tsakanin Ottomans da sojojin Faransa wanda ya faru kusa da Alkahira. Ottomans sun ci Faransawa da yaƙi, wanda hakan ya nuna farkon ƙarshen mamayar Faransawa a Masar. == Bayani == Yayin da rundunar Ottoman, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Babban Vizier, Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha, suka kusanci birnin Alƙahira, rundunar haɗin gwiwa ta isa ɗayan gefen. Janar na Birtaniya, John Hely-Hutchinson, ya aika da buƙatar Babban Vizier ya dakatar da tafiyarsa maimakon ɗaukar wani mummunan mataki da Faransa; duk da haka, Yusuf ya ƙi. Faransawa, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Augustin Daniel Belliard, sun yanke shawarar kawar da rundunar Ottoman kafin isowar Birtaniya, saboda ba su da isassun mutane da za su kare birnin. Sojojin Faransa sun fita daga birnin Alƙahira da jiragen ƙasa 4,600, dawakai 900, da kuma manyan bindigogi 24 a ranar 15 ga Mayu. == Yaƙi == Faransawa suna cikin leƙen asiri. Sojojin Ottoman sun hango Faransawa a maɓuɓɓugan Al Khankah . Daga nan Yusuf ya aika Tahir Pasha da sojoji 3,000 da bindigogi 3 don kai hari ga Faransawa da daddare. Ottomans sun ci karo da Faransawa, kuma ɓangarorin biyu suka ajiye makamansu har washegari. Daga nan Tahir ya kai hari ga Faransawa kuma aka ƙarfafa shi da dawakai 1,500 da Albaniyawa 5,000 ƙarƙashin jagorancin [[Muhammad Ali Pasha]] . Faransawa sun yi sansani a bishiyoyin dabino, inda suka yi musayar wuta da masu harbin Ottoman masu kaifi na tsawon awanni uku. Belliard ya yi ƙoƙarin shiga yaƙi ya kafa manyan rukunoni biyu na murabba'i. Duk da haka, Ottomans, waɗanda jami'an Birtaniya suka ba da umarni, sun guji kusantarsu, amma a lokaci guda, sun yi amfani da dawakansu don yaƙar masu harbin abokan gaba. Bashi-bazouks suka fara yawo a kusa da su suna harbi a nesa mai aminci. Cikin takaici, Belliard ya yi ƙoƙarin kai hari, amma Ottomans suka yi yawo a gefensa. Harsasai da kayayyaki na Faransa sun fara ƙarewa, kuma ƙarin ƙarin sojojin Ottoman sun zo don shiga yaƙin. Bayan ya yarda da shan kaye, an tilasta wa Belliard komawa Alkahira, kuma Ottomans suka fara bin su na tsawon mil 7 kafin su tsaya. == Bayan haka == Faransawa sun sha wahala wajen kashe ko raunata mutane 350, yayin da Ottomanwa suka sha wahala 150. A karon farko, sojojin Ottoman sun sami damar kayar da Faransawa a fagen daga kuma suka daidaita yakin. Da Ottomanwa sun sha kashi, Alkahira za ta ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ikon Faransa kuma ta tilasta wa Hutchinson ya ja da baya. Yaƙin ya nuna farkon ƙarshen mamayar Faransawa a Masar. <ref name="Stuart" /> == Manazarta == 96v5gaqgmyo0rcd0p0dcg0mbzdgxp4n 0 153189 842703 2026-05-29T19:20:14Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351733501|Cinyps (Libya)]]" 842703 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cinyps''' (Ancient Greek Κίνυψ) ko '''Cinyphus''' (Κίνυφος), ƙaramin [[kogi]] ne a tsohuwar [[Libya]], kuma wurin da aka kafa mulkin mallaka na Girka mai suna iri ɗaya, wanda Spartan Dorieus ya kafa. Garin ya wanzu na ɗan lokaci kaɗan, saboda rikici da mutanen [[Mutanen Punic|Carthaginians]], da kuma ƙabilar Macae ta gida. A yau ana kiran kogin da '''Wadi Caam''' ko '''Ka'am'''. <ref name="temehu">{{Cite web |title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm |access-date=10 May 2012 |publisher=Temehu}}</ref> == Majiyoyi == Tushen kogin yana cikin Wadi Taraglat mai tsawon kilomita tamanin, a ƙarshen gabar tekun Wadi. Herodotus ya faɗi kuskure cewa tushen yana kusa da Tudun Graces, kimanin kilomita ɗari biyu da sittin a cikin ƙasa. <ref name="sorgenti">{{Cite journal |last=G. Cifani |last2=M. Munzi |year=2003 |title=Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya |journal=Libyan Studies |volume=34 |pages=85–99 |doi=10.1017/S0263718900003423}}</ref> == Tarihi == Dorieus na Sparta ne ya kafa mulkin mallaka na Girka na Cinyps a kusan shekara ta 515 ko 514 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS). Saboda fushin da aka yi wa Cleomenes a matsayin sarkin Sparta, Dorieus ya bar Peloponnese tare da ƙungiyar Sparta masu ra'ayi iri ɗaya, tare da mataimakin jagorori daga Thera. An kafa sabon garin a bakin Cinyps. Herodotus ya bayyana wannan yanki a matsayin "sashen da ya fi kyau a Libya". Mutanen [[Mutanen Punic|Carthaginians]], tare da ƙabilar Macae na yankin, sun kori wannan yankin bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci na kimanin shekaru uku. <ref name="Herodotus">{{Cite web |title=Histories |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+5.42&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126 |access-date=2016-11-27 |publisher=A.D. Godley}}</ref> Yankin Leptis Magna na [[Phoenicia|Phoenicians]] yana kusa, kuma wataƙila an ɗauki garin Girka a matsayin barazana. Mutanen Macae ƙabilar Libya ce ta gida, kuma 'yan Carthaginians sun ɗauke su aiki a matsayin sojojin haya. A wani lokaci daga baya, lokacin da Leptis Magna yake cikin Daular Romawa, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa a Cinyps su ne tushen ruwan da ake amfani da shi a cikin baho [[Hadrian|na Hadrianic]]. An karkatar da ruwan ta amfani da hanyar ruwa da [[Quintus Servillius Candidus]] ya gina daga AD 119 zuwa 120. <ref name="sorgenti">{{Cite journal |last=G. Cifani |last2=M. Munzi |year=2003 |title=Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya |journal=Libyan Studies |volume=34 |pages=85–99 |doi=10.1017/S0263718900003423}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFG._CifaniM._Munzi2003">G. Cifani; M. Munzi (2003). "Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya". ''Libyan Studies''. '''34''': <span class="nowrap">85–</span>99. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/S0263718900003423|10.1017/S0263718900003423]].</cite></ref> == Tatsuniyoyi == A cikin tatsuniyar Girka, ana cewa Guneus, ɗaya daga cikin mayaƙan da suka tsira daga Yaƙin Trojan, ya tafi [[Libya]] ya zauna kusa da Cinyps, kodayake wasu al'adu sun sa ya nutse a teku. == Ilimin kayan tarihi == Masana ilmin kayan tarihi sun gano wani babban makabartar Girkawa da aka gina tun daga ƙarni na uku kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa a zamanin Wadi Caam na zamani. Makabartar ta ƙunshi jerin tukwane na dutse masu siffar akwati, tare da murfi a siffar rufin da ke gangarowa, wanda ke ɗauke da toka da ƙasusuwa. An kuma gano nau'ikan tukwane daban-daban. <ref name="temehu">{{Cite web |title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm |access-date=10 May 2012 |publisher=Temehu}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm "Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania!"]. Temehu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == ΚίνυψCinyps (Libya)ΚίνυψCinyps (Libya)ΚίνυψCinyps (Libya)ΚίνυψCinyps (Libya)ΚίνυψCinyps (Libya)ΚίνυψCinyps (Libya)ΚίνυψΚίνυψCinyps (Libya)Cinyps (Libya)ΚίνυψCinyps (Libya)ΚίνυψLake ChiutaLake ChiutaLake ChiutaΚίνυψCinyps (Libya)Lake Chiuta 9yxkp54l58bpwbt9lrawmt68t2r794e 842705 842703 2026-05-29T19:20:41Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842705 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cinyps''' (Ancient Greek Κίνυψ) ko '''Cinyphus''' (Κίνυφος), ƙaramin [[kogi]] ne a tsohuwar [[Libya]], kuma wurin da aka kafa mulkin mallaka na Girka mai suna iri ɗaya, wanda Spartan Dorieus ya kafa. Garin ya wanzu na ɗan lokaci kaɗan, saboda rikici da mutanen [[Mutanen Punic|Carthaginians]], da kuma ƙabilar Macae ta gida. A yau ana kiran kogin da '''Wadi Caam''' ko '''Ka'am'''. <ref name="temehu">{{Cite web |title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm |access-date=10 May 2012 |publisher=Temehu}}</ref> == Majiyoyi == Tushen kogin yana cikin Wadi Taraglat mai tsawon kilomita tamanin, a ƙarshen gabar tekun Wadi. Herodotus ya faɗi kuskure cewa tushen yana kusa da Tudun Graces, kimanin kilomita ɗari biyu da sittin a cikin ƙasa. <ref name="sorgenti">{{Cite journal |last=G. Cifani |last2=M. Munzi |year=2003 |title=Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya |journal=Libyan Studies |volume=34 |pages=85–99 |doi=10.1017/S0263718900003423}}</ref> == Tarihi == Dorieus na Sparta ne ya kafa mulkin mallaka na Girka na Cinyps a kusan shekara ta 515 ko 514 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS). Saboda fushin da aka yi wa Cleomenes a matsayin sarkin Sparta, Dorieus ya bar Peloponnese tare da ƙungiyar Sparta masu ra'ayi iri ɗaya, tare da mataimakin jagorori daga Thera. An kafa sabon garin a bakin Cinyps. Herodotus ya bayyana wannan yanki a matsayin "sashen da ya fi kyau a Libya". Mutanen [[Mutanen Punic|Carthaginians]], tare da ƙabilar Macae na yankin, sun kori wannan yankin bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci na kimanin shekaru uku. <ref name="Herodotus">{{Cite web |title=Histories |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+5.42&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126 |access-date=2016-11-27 |publisher=A.D. Godley}}</ref> Yankin Leptis Magna na [[Phoenicia|Phoenicians]] yana kusa, kuma wataƙila an ɗauki garin Girka a matsayin barazana. Mutanen Macae ƙabilar Libya ce ta gida, kuma 'yan Carthaginians sun ɗauke su aiki a matsayin sojojin haya. A wani lokaci daga baya, lokacin da Leptis Magna yake cikin Daular Romawa, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa a Cinyps su ne tushen ruwan da ake amfani da shi a cikin baho [[Hadrian|na Hadrianic]]. An karkatar da ruwan ta amfani da hanyar ruwa da [[Quintus Servillius Candidus]] ya gina daga AD 119 zuwa 120. <ref name="sorgenti">{{Cite journal |last=G. Cifani |last2=M. Munzi |year=2003 |title=Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya |journal=Libyan Studies |volume=34 |pages=85–99 |doi=10.1017/S0263718900003423}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFG._CifaniM._Munzi2003">G. Cifani; M. Munzi (2003). "Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya". ''Libyan Studies''. '''34''': <span class="nowrap">85–</span>99. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/S0263718900003423|10.1017/S0263718900003423]].</cite></ref> == Tatsuniyoyi == A cikin tatsuniyar Girka, ana cewa Guneus, ɗaya daga cikin mayaƙan da suka tsira daga Yaƙin Trojan, ya tafi [[Libya]] ya zauna kusa da Cinyps, kodayake wasu al'adu sun sa ya nutse a teku. == Ilimin kayan tarihi == Masana ilmin kayan tarihi sun gano wani babban makabartar Girkawa da aka gina tun daga ƙarni na uku kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa a zamanin Wadi Caam na zamani. Makabartar ta ƙunshi jerin tukwane na dutse masu siffar akwati, tare da murfi a siffar rufin da ke gangarowa, wanda ke ɗauke da toka da ƙasusuwa. An kuma gano nau'ikan tukwane daban-daban. <ref name="temehu">{{Cite web |title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm |access-date=10 May 2012 |publisher=Temehu}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm "Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania!"]. Temehu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == ourevx30iy7naxj1u4j4g97sz9j3ey3 842707 842705 2026-05-29T19:22:14Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842707 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cinyps''' (Ancient Greek Κίνυψ) ko '''Cinyphus''' (Κίνυφος), ƙaramin [[kogi]] ne a tsohuwar [[Libya]], kuma wurin da aka kafa mulkin mallaka na Girka mai suna iri ɗaya, wanda Spartan Dorieus ya kafa.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DC%3Aentry+group%3D16%3Aentry%3Dcinyps-geo Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), Cinyps]</ref><ref name = temehu>{{cite web|url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm|title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |publisher=Temehu|accessdate=10 May 2012}}</ref> Garin ya wanzu na ɗan lokaci kaɗan, saboda rikici da mutanen [[Mutanen Punic|Carthaginians]], da kuma ƙabilar Macae ta gida. A yau ana kiran kogin da '''Wadi Caam''' ko '''Ka'am'''. <ref name="temehu">{{Cite web |title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm |access-date=10 May 2012 |publisher=Temehu}}</ref> == Majiyoyi == Tushen kogin yana cikin Wadi Taraglat mai tsawon kilomita tamanin, a ƙarshen gabar tekun Wadi. Herodotus ya faɗi kuskure cewa tushen yana kusa da Tudun Graces, kimanin kilomita ɗari biyu da sittin a cikin ƙasa. <ref name="sorgenti">{{Cite journal |last=G. Cifani |last2=M. Munzi |year=2003 |title=Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya |journal=Libyan Studies |volume=34 |pages=85–99 |doi=10.1017/S0263718900003423}}</ref> == Tarihi == Dorieus na Sparta ne ya kafa mulkin mallaka na Girka na Cinyps a kusan shekara ta 515 ko 514 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS). Saboda fushin da aka yi wa Cleomenes a matsayin sarkin Sparta, Dorieus ya bar Peloponnese tare da ƙungiyar Sparta masu ra'ayi iri ɗaya, tare da mataimakin jagorori daga Thera. An kafa sabon garin a bakin Cinyps. Herodotus ya bayyana wannan yanki a matsayin "sashen da ya fi kyau a Libya". Mutanen [[Mutanen Punic|Carthaginians]], tare da ƙabilar Macae na yankin, sun kori wannan yankin bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci na kimanin shekaru uku. <ref name="Herodotus">{{Cite web |title=Histories |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+5.42&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126 |access-date=2016-11-27 |publisher=A.D. Godley}}</ref> Yankin Leptis Magna na [[Phoenicia|Phoenicians]] yana kusa, kuma wataƙila an ɗauki garin Girka a matsayin barazana. Mutanen Macae ƙabilar Libya ce ta gida, kuma 'yan Carthaginians sun ɗauke su aiki a matsayin sojojin haya. A wani lokaci daga baya, lokacin da Leptis Magna yake cikin Daular Romawa, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa a Cinyps su ne tushen ruwan da ake amfani da shi a cikin baho [[Hadrian|na Hadrianic]]. An karkatar da ruwan ta amfani da hanyar ruwa da [[Quintus Servillius Candidus]] ya gina daga AD 119 zuwa 120. <ref name="sorgenti">{{Cite journal |last=G. Cifani |last2=M. Munzi |year=2003 |title=Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya |journal=Libyan Studies |volume=34 |pages=85–99 |doi=10.1017/S0263718900003423}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFG._CifaniM._Munzi2003">G. Cifani; M. Munzi (2003). "Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya". ''Libyan Studies''. '''34''': <span class="nowrap">85–</span>99. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/S0263718900003423|10.1017/S0263718900003423]].</cite></ref> == Tatsuniyoyi == A cikin tatsuniyar Girka, ana cewa Guneus, ɗaya daga cikin mayaƙan da suka tsira daga Yaƙin Trojan, ya tafi [[Libya]] ya zauna kusa da Cinyps, kodayake wasu al'adu sun sa ya nutse a teku. == Ilimin kayan tarihi == Masana ilmin kayan tarihi sun gano wani babban makabartar Girkawa da aka gina tun daga ƙarni na uku kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa a zamanin Wadi Caam na zamani. Makabartar ta ƙunshi jerin tukwane na dutse masu siffar akwati, tare da murfi a siffar rufin da ke gangarowa, wanda ke ɗauke da toka da ƙasusuwa. An kuma gano nau'ikan tukwane daban-daban. <ref name="temehu">{{Cite web |title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm |access-date=10 May 2012 |publisher=Temehu}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm "Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania!"]. Temehu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == qr4hx5c3nzpu4zhimoh37r1ftaconxr 842713 842707 2026-05-29T19:27:20Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Tarihi */ 842713 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cinyps''' (Ancient Greek Κίνυψ) ko '''Cinyphus''' (Κίνυφος), ƙaramin [[kogi]] ne a tsohuwar [[Libya]], kuma wurin da aka kafa mulkin mallaka na Girka mai suna iri ɗaya, wanda Spartan Dorieus ya kafa.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DC%3Aentry+group%3D16%3Aentry%3Dcinyps-geo Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), Cinyps]</ref><ref name = temehu>{{cite web|url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm|title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |publisher=Temehu|accessdate=10 May 2012}}</ref> Garin ya wanzu na ɗan lokaci kaɗan, saboda rikici da mutanen [[Mutanen Punic|Carthaginians]], da kuma ƙabilar Macae ta gida. A yau ana kiran kogin da '''Wadi Caam''' ko '''Ka'am'''. <ref name="temehu">{{Cite web |title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm |access-date=10 May 2012 |publisher=Temehu}}</ref> == Majiyoyi == Tushen kogin yana cikin Wadi Taraglat mai tsawon kilomita tamanin, a ƙarshen gabar tekun Wadi. Herodotus ya faɗi kuskure cewa tushen yana kusa da Tudun Graces, kimanin kilomita ɗari biyu da sittin a cikin ƙasa. <ref name="sorgenti">{{Cite journal |last=G. Cifani |last2=M. Munzi |year=2003 |title=Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya |journal=Libyan Studies |volume=34 |pages=85–99 |doi=10.1017/S0263718900003423}}</ref> == Tarihi == Dorieus na Sparta ne ya kafa mulkin mallaka na Girka na Cinyps a kusan shekara ta 515 ko 514 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS). Saboda fushin da aka yi wa Cleomenes a matsayin sarkin Sparta, Dorieus ya bar Peloponnese tare da ƙungiyar Sparta masu ra'ayi iri ɗaya, tare da mataimakin jagorori daga Thera. An kafa sabon garin a bakin Cinyps. Herodotus ya bayyana wannan yanki a matsayin "sashen da ya fi kyau a Libya".<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126%3Abook%3D5%3Achapter%3D42 Herodotus, The Histories, 5.42]</ref> Mutanen [[Mutanen Punic|Carthaginians]], tare da ƙabilar Macae na yankin,<ref name = Herodotus>{{cite web | url = https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+5.42&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126 | title = Histories | accessdate = 2016-11-27 | publisher = A.D. Godley}}</ref> sun kori wannan yankin bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci na kimanin shekaru uku. <ref name="Herodotus">{{Cite web |title=Histories |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+5.42&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126 |access-date=2016-11-27 |publisher=A.D. Godley}}</ref> Yankin Leptis Magna na [[Phoenicia|Phoenicians]] yana kusa, kuma wataƙila an ɗauki garin Girka a matsayin barazana.<ref>[https://www.livius.org/articles/place/cinyps-wadi-qaam/ Cinyps (Wadi Qaam)]</ref> Mutanen Macae ƙabilar Libya ce ta gida, kuma 'yan Carthaginians sun ɗauke su aiki a matsayin sojojin haya.<ref name = Salimbeti>{{cite book | author1 = Andrea Salimbeti | author2 = Raffaele D’Amato | year = 2014 | title = The Carthaginians 6th–2nd Century BC | publisher = Bloomsbury | isbn = 978-1782007777 | page = 21}}</ref> A wani lokaci daga baya, lokacin da Leptis Magna yake cikin Daular Romawa, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa a Cinyps su ne tushen ruwan da ake amfani da shi a cikin baho [[Hadrian|na Hadrianic]]. An karkatar da ruwan ta amfani da hanyar ruwa da [[Quintus Servillius Candidus]] ya gina daga AD 119 zuwa 120. <ref name="sorgenti">{{Cite journal |last=G. Cifani |last2=M. Munzi |year=2003 |title=Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya |journal=Libyan Studies |volume=34 |pages=85–99 |doi=10.1017/S0263718900003423}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFG._CifaniM._Munzi2003">G. Cifani; M. Munzi (2003). "Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya". ''Libyan Studies''. '''34''': <span class="nowrap">85–</span>99. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/S0263718900003423|10.1017/S0263718900003423]].</cite></ref> == Tatsuniyoyi == A cikin tatsuniyar Girka, ana cewa Guneus, ɗaya daga cikin mayaƙan da suka tsira daga Yaƙin Trojan, ya tafi [[Libya]] ya zauna kusa da Cinyps, kodayake wasu al'adu sun sa ya nutse a teku. == Ilimin kayan tarihi == Masana ilmin kayan tarihi sun gano wani babban makabartar Girkawa da aka gina tun daga ƙarni na uku kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa a zamanin Wadi Caam na zamani. Makabartar ta ƙunshi jerin tukwane na dutse masu siffar akwati, tare da murfi a siffar rufin da ke gangarowa, wanda ke ɗauke da toka da ƙasusuwa. An kuma gano nau'ikan tukwane daban-daban. <ref name="temehu">{{Cite web |title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm |access-date=10 May 2012 |publisher=Temehu}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm "Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania!"]. Temehu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == se1l7co9pyboh14a4rwwjaw9yawesti 842719 842713 2026-05-29T19:29:07Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842719 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cinyps''' (Ancient Greek Κίνυψ) ko '''Cinyphus''' (Κίνυφος), ƙaramin [[kogi]] ne a tsohuwar [[Libya]], kuma wurin da aka kafa mulkin mallaka na Girka mai suna iri ɗaya, wanda Spartan Dorieus ya kafa.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DC%3Aentry+group%3D16%3Aentry%3Dcinyps-geo Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), Cinyps]</ref><ref name="temehu">{{cite web|url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm|title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |publisher=Temehu|accessdate=10 May 2012}}</ref> Garin ya wanzu na ɗan lokaci kaɗan, saboda rikici da mutanen [[Mutanen Punic|Carthaginians]], da kuma ƙabilar Macae ta gida. A yau ana kiran kogin da '''Wadi Caam''' ko '''Ka'am'''. <ref name="temehu">{{Cite web |title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm |access-date=10 May 2012 |publisher=Temehu}}</ref> == Majiyoyi == Tushen kogin yana cikin Wadi Taraglat mai tsawon kilomita tamanin, a ƙarshen gabar tekun Wadi. Herodotus ya faɗi kuskure cewa tushen yana kusa da Tudun Graces, kimanin kilomita ɗari biyu da sittin a cikin ƙasa. <ref name="sorgenti">{{Cite journal |last=G. Cifani |last2=M. Munzi |year=2003 |title=Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya |journal=Libyan Studies |volume=34 |pages=85–99 |doi=10.1017/S0263718900003423}}</ref> == Tarihi == Dorieus na Sparta ne ya kafa mulkin mallaka na Girka na Cinyps a kusan shekara ta 515 ko 514 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS). Saboda fushin da aka yi wa Cleomenes a matsayin sarkin Sparta, Dorieus ya bar Peloponnese tare da ƙungiyar Sparta masu ra'ayi iri ɗaya, tare da mataimakin jagorori daga Thera. An kafa sabon garin a bakin Cinyps. Herodotus ya bayyana wannan yanki a matsayin "sashen da ya fi kyau a Libya".<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126%3Abook%3D5%3Achapter%3D42 Herodotus, The Histories, 5.42]</ref> Mutanen [[Mutanen Punic|Carthaginians]], tare da ƙabilar Macae na yankin,<ref name = Herodotus>{{cite web | url = https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+5.42&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126 | title = Histories | accessdate = 2016-11-27 | publisher = A.D. Godley}}</ref> sun kori wannan yankin bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci na kimanin shekaru uku. <ref name="Herodotus">{{Cite web |title=Histories |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+5.42&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126 |access-date=2016-11-27 |publisher=A.D. Godley}}</ref> Yankin Leptis Magna na [[Phoenicia|Phoenicians]] yana kusa, kuma wataƙila an ɗauki garin Girka a matsayin barazana.<ref>[https://www.livius.org/articles/place/cinyps-wadi-qaam/ Cinyps (Wadi Qaam)]</ref> Mutanen Macae ƙabilar Libya ce ta gida, kuma 'yan Carthaginians sun ɗauke su aiki a matsayin sojojin haya.<ref name = Salimbeti>{{cite book | author1 = Andrea Salimbeti | author2 = Raffaele D’Amato | year = 2014 | title = The Carthaginians 6th–2nd Century BC | publisher = Bloomsbury | isbn = 978-1782007777 | page = 21}}</ref> A wani lokaci daga baya, lokacin da Leptis Magna yake cikin Daular Romawa, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa a Cinyps su ne tushen ruwan da ake amfani da shi a cikin baho [[Hadrian|na Hadrianic]]. An karkatar da ruwan ta amfani da hanyar ruwa da [[Quintus Servillius Candidus]] ya gina daga AD 119 zuwa 120. <ref name="sorgenti">{{Cite journal |last=G. Cifani |last2=M. Munzi |year=2003 |title=Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya |journal=Libyan Studies |volume=34 |pages=85–99 |doi=10.1017/S0263718900003423}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFG._CifaniM._Munzi2003">G. Cifani; M. Munzi (2003). "Alle sorgenti del Cynips Tripolitania Libya". ''Libyan Studies''. '''34''': <span class="nowrap">85–</span>99. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/S0263718900003423|10.1017/S0263718900003423]].</cite></ref> == Tatsuniyoyi == A cikin tatsuniyar Girka, ana cewa Guneus, ɗaya daga cikin mayaƙan da suka tsira daga Yaƙin Trojan, ya tafi [[Libya]] ya zauna kusa da Cinyps, kodayake wasu al'adu sun sa ya nutse a teku. == Ilimin kayan tarihi == Masana ilmin kayan tarihi sun gano wani babban makabartar Girkawa da aka gina tun daga ƙarni na uku kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa a zamanin Wadi Caam na zamani. Makabartar ta ƙunshi jerin tukwane na dutse masu siffar akwati, tare da murfi a siffar rufin da ke gangarowa, wanda ke ɗauke da toka da ƙasusuwa. An kuma gano nau'ikan tukwane daban-daban. <ref name="temehu">{{Cite web |title=Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania! |url=http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm |access-date=10 May 2012 |publisher=Temehu}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/museum-of-leptis-magna.htm "Wadi Caam: The Greeks in Tripolitania!"]. Temehu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == ab1e7hac0tpfxmqlz6dls3a3kywcb8u 0 153190 842708 2026-05-29T19:22:16Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355543318|Heineken brands]]" 842708 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Heineken NV''' kamfani ne na giya na ƙasar Holland wanda ke da tarin '''nau'ikan giya''' sama da 170 a duk duniya, galibi suna da lager mai launin ruwan kasa, kodayake ana samar da wasu nau'ikan giya . Manyan samfuran biyu sune Heineken da Tecate ; kodayake fayil ɗin ya haɗa da Amstel, Fosters (a Turai da Vietnam), Sagres, Cruzcampo, Skopsko, Affligem, Żywiec, Starobrno, Zagorka, Zlatý Bažant, Laško da Birra Moretti . == Heineken == Giyar Heineken Lager ita ce babbar samfurin kamfanin. Ita ce babbar giyar da aka yi da launin ruwan kasa mai kauri 5% wanda aka fara yin ta a shekarar 1868. Kamfanonin giya 40 ne ke samar da ita a kasashe 39 a duniya. A shekarar 2006, an samar da giya 2.58&nbsp;An samar da lita biliyan ''Heineken'' . Tun daga 1975, yawancin giyar Heineken ana shayarwa a cikin gidan giya na Heineken a Zoeterwoude, Netherlands. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Sauran giyar da aka samar a ƙarƙashin sunan Heineken sun haɗa da: * Heineken Dark <ref>{{Cite web |title=Heineken Dark Lager {{!}} Heineken Nederland B.V. |url=https://www.beeradvocate.com/beer/profile/81/1167/ |access-date=2026-05-22 |website=BeerAdvocate |language=EN}}</ref> * Heineken Oud Bruin * Heineken Premium Light * Heineken Tarwebok == abin ɗaurewa == ''Buckler'' wani nau'in barasa ne mai ƙarancin barasa (0.5% abv). An ƙaddamar da shi a lokacin bazara na 1988. An sake dawo da shi a shekarar 2004 saboda matsala a tsarin yin pasteurising, kuma Buckler ba ya samuwa a Netherlands (kasuwar Heineken) bayan da hoton kamfanin ya ragu bayan ɗan wasan barkwanci ɗan ƙasar Holland Youp van 't Hek yana yi wa alamar ba'a (da masu amfani da ita) a wani shiri a 1989. Buckler shine abin sha da Mataimakin Shugaban Amurka na wancan lokacin [[Joe Biden]] ya zaɓa a taron " Biya Summit " tare da Henry Louis Gates, James Crowley da Shugaba [[Barack Obama]] . Wannan lamari ya faru ne sakamakon kama Henry Louis Gates mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce, wanda ya jawo hankalin ƙasa game da nuna wariyar launin fata ga jami'an tsaro . <ref>{{Cite web |last=James |first=Frank |date=3 July 2009 |title=Obama Beer Photo Op Now White House History |url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2009/07/obama_beer_photo_op_now_part_o.html |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=NPR}}</ref> Biden ya yarda cewa zaɓin giyarsa "abin ban dariya ne". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Boli |first=Bill |date=25 September 2015 |title=Buckler Non-Alcoholic Beer |url=https://stuffyerface.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/SYF-Beer-Library-version-09.25.2015.pdf |access-date=13 August 2020 |publisher=The Beer Library}}</ref> Tsohon shugaban Amurka [[George W. Bush]], wanda ya daina shan giya bayan ya cika shekaru 40, ya sha Buckler yayin da yake hutawa tare da Shugabar Gwamnatin Jamus [[Angela Merkel]] da Firayim Ministan Burtaniya [[Tony Blair]] a ranar 8 ga Yuni 2007 a lokacin hutun taron G8. <ref>{{Cite web |title=President George W Bush beer lover |url=http://www.rue89.com/2007/06/09/president-george-w-bush-beer-lover}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Photo: GERMANY G8 SUMMIT LEADERS DRINK A BEER - HEI2007060718 - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/News_Photos/view/upi/776e9d425719e78111f08141ff3ef9ba/GERMANY-G8-SUMMIT-LEADERS-DRINK-A-BEER/ |access-date=2026-05-22 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> == Alamun kamfanoni masu tallafi == === Turai === ==== Heineken Italiya ==== Kamfanin Heineken na Italiya ya fara aiki a shekarar 1974 bayan sayen kamfanin giya na Dreher. A shekarar 1996 ya ƙara kamfanin giya na Moretti. Heineken Italiya tana da masana'antun yin giya guda shida waɗanda ke samar da sama da lita miliyan 575 na giya, kuma tana ɗaukar ma'aikata sama da 1,000 aiki. Masana'antunta sune: Pollein (AO), Massafra (TA), Messina, Comun Nuovo (BG), Assemini (CA). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Heineken in Italia |url=https://www.mondobirra.org/heineken.htm |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=Mondo Birra}}</ref> ===== Birra Dreher ===== An kafa Birra Dreher a Trieste a shekarar 1896. Heineken ne ya saye ta a shekarar 1974. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Birreria di Pedavena – The history |url=https://www.birreriapedavena.info/?storia=en |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=Birreriapedavena.info}}</ref> ===== Birra Ichnusa ===== Heineken ta kuma sayi Birra Ichnusa, wani kamfanin giya da aka kafa a shekarar 1912 a Assemini, wani gari kusa da babban birnin Sardinian [[Cagliari]] . An sanya masa suna ne bayan sunan da aka saba amfani da shi [[Harshen Latin|a Latin, wato]] Sardinia, ''Hyknusa'' . An kafa Birra Moretti a Udine a shekarar 1859 ta hannun Luigi Moretti. Heineken ya sayi kamfanin a shekarar 1996, inda ya sayar da kamfanin yin giya ga sabuwar kamfanin giyar Castello. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Akwai giya takwas a ƙarƙashin alamar Birra Moretti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Birra Moretti (Heineken) |url=http://www.ratebeer.com/brewers/birra-moretti-(heineken)/389/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050226100109/http://www.ratebeer.com/brewers/birra-moretti-(heineken)/389/ |archive-date=26 February 2005 |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=Ratebeer.com}}</ref> ''Birra Moretti'' ita ce babbar alamar, an ƙaddamar da giya mai launin pale 4.6% a cikin 1859, sai kuma ''La Rossa'' mai launin duhu mai ƙarfi 7.2% ko dunkel . Sauran samfuran sun haɗa da ''Doppio Malto'', ''Baffo d'Oro'', da ''Sans Souci'' . Hakanan yana da wasu giyar kwalba da aka sanya wa suna bayan yankunan Italiya, kamar ''Piemontese'', giyar 'ya'yan itace 5.5% ABV. ==== Kamfanin Giya na Affligem ==== Kamfanin giya na Op-Ale da ke Opwijk, Belgium, ya sami lasisi daga Affligem Abbey don yin giya a ƙarƙashin sunan kamfanin Affligem Abbey, tare da nasu Op-Ale, da kuma giya a ƙarƙashin sunan kamfanin Postel Abbey . Heineken ya karɓi Affligem, wanda ya sake masa suna a matsayin kamfanin giya na Affligem. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Gidan giya yana samar da nau'in giya, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Brouwerij Affligem / De Smedt (Heineken) |url=http://www.ratebeer.com/Brewers/brouwerij-affligem---de-smedt-(heineken)/1711/}}</ref> ciki har da Affligem Blonde, 6.8% kodadde ale ; Affligem Dubbel, 7% dubbel, Affligem Tripel, 9.5% tripel da Affligem Patersvat, wani 6.8% na Belgium ale . ==== Kamfanin Giya na Athens ==== ''Amstel'', ''Heineken'', Athenian, Alfa Hellenic, Fischer, Marathon, Zorbas Kamfanin giya na Athenian yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu samar da giya da 'yan kasuwa a Girka. An kafa shi a shekarar 1963 ta ƙungiyar 'yan kasuwa ta Girka kuma memba ne na Heineken Group NV. A shekarar 1965, kamfanin giya na farko ya fara aiki a [[Athens]], yana samar da giyar Amstel. An ƙaddamar da kamfanin giya na biyu a shekarar 1974 a Thessaloniki, inda ya faɗaɗa samarwa, yayin da Amstel ya zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun giya a kasuwar Girka, kamar yadda yake a yau. A shekarar 1981, kamfanin giya na Athens ya fara samar da giyar Heineken a Girka, yayin da wani kamfani na uku ya fara aiki a Patra. An kafa kamfanin giya na Amstel a shekarar 1870 a [[Amsterdam]], Netherlands. Heineken ta karɓe shi a shekarar 1968, kuma an rufe kamfanin giyar a shekarar 1972, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dutch Breweries (and all the beers they brew) |url=https://www.xs4all.nl/~patto1ro/hollbrw1.htm#amstel |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=Xs4all.nl}}</ref> inda aka mayar da shi babban kamfanin giyar Heineken da ke Zoeterwoude . Heineken yana bayar da giya da dama a ƙarƙashin alamar Amstel. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Heineken Nederland |url=http://www.ratebeer.com/brewers/heineken-nederland/9/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021075726/http://www.ratebeer.com/brewers/heineken-nederland/9/ |archive-date=21 October 2020 |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=Ratebeer.com}}</ref> ''Amstel Lager'' yana amfani da malt pilsener galibi, kodayake ana amfani da wasu malt na Vienna . Ana sayar da shi a ƙasashe 75. ''Amstel Light'' shine malt mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai girman 3.5%. ''Amstel 1870'' shine malt mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai girman 5%. A Faransa ana samar da giya mai suna ''Amstel Free'', tare da ƙarancin barasa - kusan 1% abv. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cbadkkhxvv0lsr9ka4tq0utal5qzfi5 842722 842708 2026-05-29T19:31:11Z Engineer014 44591 842722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Heineken NV''' kamfani ne na giya na ƙasar Holland wanda ke da tarin '''nau'ikan giya''' sama da 170 a duk duniya, galibi suna da lager mai launin ruwan kasa, kodayake ana samar da wasu nau'ikan giya . Manyan samfuran biyu sune Heineken da Tecate ; kodayake fayil ɗin ya haɗa da Amstel, Fosters (a Turai da Vietnam), Sagres, Cruzcampo, Skopsko, Affligem, Żywiec, Starobrno, Zagorka, Zlatý Bažant, Laško da Birra Moretti . == Heineken == Giyar Heineken Lager ita ce babbar samfurin kamfanin. Ita ce babbar giyar da aka yi da launin ruwan kasa mai kauri 5% wanda aka fara yin ta a shekarar 1868. Kamfanonin giya 40 ne ke samar da ita a kasashe 39 a duniya. A shekarar 2006, an samar da giya 2.58&nbsp;An samar da lita biliyan ''Heineken'' . Tun daga 1975, yawancin giyar Heineken ana shayarwa a cikin gidan giya na Heineken a Zoeterwoude, Netherlands. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Sauran giyar da aka samar a ƙarƙashin sunan Heineken sun haɗa da: * Heineken Dark <ref>{{Cite web |title=Heineken Dark Lager {{!}} Heineken Nederland B.V. |url=https://www.beeradvocate.com/beer/profile/81/1167/ |access-date=2026-05-22 |website=BeerAdvocate |language=EN}}</ref> * Heineken Oud Bruin * Heineken Premium Light * Heineken Tarwebok == abin ɗaurewa == ''Buckler'' wani nau'in barasa ne mai ƙarancin barasa (0.5% abv). An ƙaddamar da shi a lokacin bazara na 1988. An sake dawo da shi a shekarar 2004 saboda matsala a tsarin yin pasteurising, kuma Buckler ba ya samuwa a Netherlands (kasuwar Heineken) bayan da hoton kamfanin ya ragu bayan ɗan wasan barkwanci ɗan ƙasar Holland Youp van 't Hek yana yi wa alamar ba'a (da masu amfani da ita) a wani shiri a 1989. Buckler shine abin sha da Mataimakin Shugaban Amurka na wancan lokacin [[Joe Biden]] ya zaɓa a taron " Biya Summit " tare da Henry Louis Gates, James Crowley da Shugaba [[Barack Obama]] . Wannan lamari ya faru ne sakamakon kama Henry Louis Gates mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce, wanda ya jawo hankalin ƙasa game da nuna wariyar launin fata ga jami'an tsaro . <ref>{{Cite web |last=James |first=Frank |date=3 July 2009 |title=Obama Beer Photo Op Now White House History |url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2009/07/obama_beer_photo_op_now_part_o.html |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=NPR}}</ref> Biden ya yarda cewa zaɓin giyarsa "abin ban dariya ne". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Boli |first=Bill |date=25 September 2015 |title=Buckler Non-Alcoholic Beer |url=https://stuffyerface.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/SYF-Beer-Library-version-09.25.2015.pdf |access-date=13 August 2020 |publisher=The Beer Library}}</ref> Tsohon shugaban Amurka [[George W. Bush]], wanda ya daina shan giya bayan ya cika shekaru 40, ya sha Buckler yayin da yake hutawa tare da Shugabar Gwamnatin Jamus [[Angela Merkel]] da Firayim Ministan Burtaniya [[Tony Blair]] a ranar 8 ga Yuni 2007 a lokacin hutun taron G8. <ref>{{Cite web |title=President George W Bush beer lover |url=http://www.rue89.com/2007/06/09/president-george-w-bush-beer-lover}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Photo: GERMANY G8 SUMMIT LEADERS DRINK A BEER - HEI2007060718 - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/News_Photos/view/upi/776e9d425719e78111f08141ff3ef9ba/GERMANY-G8-SUMMIT-LEADERS-DRINK-A-BEER/ |access-date=2026-05-22 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> == Alamun kamfanoni masu tallafi == === Turai === ==== Heineken Italiya ==== Kamfanin Heineken na Italiya ya fara aiki a shekarar 1974 bayan sayen kamfanin giya na Dreher. A shekarar 1996 ya ƙara kamfanin giya na Moretti. Heineken Italiya tana da masana'antun yin giya guda shida waɗanda ke samar da sama da lita miliyan 575 na giya, kuma tana ɗaukar ma'aikata sama da 1,000 aiki. Masana'antunta sune: Pollein (AO), Massafra (TA), Messina, Comun Nuovo (BG), Assemini (CA). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Heineken in Italia |url=https://www.mondobirra.org/heineken.htm |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=Mondo Birra}}</ref> ===== Birra Dreher ===== An kafa Birra Dreher a Trieste a shekarar 1896. Heineken ne ya saye ta a shekarar 1974. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Birreria di Pedavena – The history |url=https://www.birreriapedavena.info/?storia=en |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=Birreriapedavena.info}}</ref> ===== Birra Ichnusa ===== Heineken ta kuma sayi Birra Ichnusa, wani kamfanin giya da aka kafa a shekarar 1912 a Assemini, wani gari kusa da babban birnin Sardinian [[Cagliari]] . An sanya masa suna ne bayan sunan da aka saba amfani da shi [[Harshen Latin|a Latin, wato]] Sardinia, ''Hyknusa'' . An kafa Birra Moretti a Udine a shekarar 1859 ta hannun Luigi Moretti. Heineken ya sayi kamfanin a shekarar 1996, inda ya sayar da kamfanin yin giya ga sabuwar kamfanin giyar Castello. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Akwai giya takwas a ƙarƙashin alamar Birra Moretti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Birra Moretti (Heineken) |url=http://www.ratebeer.com/brewers/birra-moretti-(heineken)/389/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050226100109/http://www.ratebeer.com/brewers/birra-moretti-(heineken)/389/ |archive-date=26 February 2005 |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=Ratebeer.com}}</ref> ''Birra Moretti'' ita ce babbar alamar, an ƙaddamar da giya mai launin pale 4.6% a cikin 1859, sai kuma ''La Rossa'' mai launin duhu mai ƙarfi 7.2% ko dunkel . Sauran samfuran sun haɗa da ''Doppio Malto'', ''Baffo d'Oro'', da ''Sans Souci'' . Hakanan yana da wasu giyar kwalba da aka sanya wa suna bayan yankunan Italiya, kamar ''Piemontese'', giyar 'ya'yan itace 5.5% ABV. ==== Kamfanin Giya na Affligem ==== Kamfanin giya na Op-Ale da ke Opwijk, Belgium, ya sami lasisi daga Affligem Abbey don yin giya a ƙarƙashin sunan kamfanin Affligem Abbey, tare da nasu Op-Ale, da kuma giya a ƙarƙashin sunan kamfanin Postel Abbey . Heineken ya karɓi Affligem, wanda ya sake masa suna a matsayin kamfanin giya na Affligem. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Gidan giya yana samar da nau'in giya, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Brouwerij Affligem / De Smedt (Heineken) |url=http://www.ratebeer.com/Brewers/brouwerij-affligem---de-smedt-(heineken)/1711/}}</ref> ciki har da Affligem Blonde, 6.8% kodadde ale ; Affligem Dubbel, 7% dubbel, Affligem Tripel, 9.5% tripel da Affligem Patersvat, wani 6.8% na Belgium ale . ==== Kamfanin Giya na Athens ==== ''Amstel'', ''Heineken'', Athenian, Alfa Hellenic, Fischer, Marathon, Zorbas Kamfanin giya na Athenian yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu samar da giya da 'yan kasuwa a Girka. An kafa shi a shekarar 1963 ta ƙungiyar 'yan kasuwa ta Girka kuma memba ne na Heineken Group NV. A shekarar 1965, kamfanin giya na farko ya fara aiki a [[Athens]], yana samar da giyar Amstel. An ƙaddamar da kamfanin giya na biyu a shekarar 1974 a Thessaloniki, inda ya faɗaɗa samarwa, yayin da Amstel ya zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun giya a kasuwar Girka, kamar yadda yake a yau. A shekarar 1981, kamfanin giya na Athens ya fara samar da giyar Heineken a Girka, yayin da wani kamfani na uku ya fara aiki a Patra. An kafa kamfanin giya na Amstel a shekarar 1870 a [[Amsterdam]], Netherlands. Heineken ta karɓe shi a shekarar 1968, kuma an rufe kamfanin giyar a shekarar 1972, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dutch Breweries (and all the beers they brew) |url=https://www.xs4all.nl/~patto1ro/hollbrw1.htm#amstel |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=Xs4all.nl}}</ref> inda aka mayar da shi babban kamfanin giyar Heineken da ke Zoeterwoude . Heineken yana bayar da giya da dama a ƙarƙashin alamar Amstel. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Heineken Nederland |url=http://www.ratebeer.com/brewers/heineken-nederland/9/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021075726/http://www.ratebeer.com/brewers/heineken-nederland/9/ |archive-date=21 October 2020 |access-date=24 September 2012 |publisher=Ratebeer.com}}</ref> ''Amstel Lager'' yana amfani da malt pilsener galibi, kodayake ana amfani da wasu malt na Vienna . Ana sayar da shi a ƙasashe 75. ''Amstel Light'' shine malt mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai girman 3.5%. ''Amstel 1870'' shine malt mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai girman 5%. A Faransa ana samar da giya mai suna ''Amstel Free'', tare da ƙarancin barasa - kusan 1% abv. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8wrppxj1d429r1kjnkofhqbpnrs41me 0 153191 842711 2026-05-29T19:26:50Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1275555787|Tshilongo River]]" 842711 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Tshilongo''' (Faransanci: Rivière Tshilongo) wani kogi ne a kudu maso gabashin [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]]. == Hanyar da ake ciki == Rashin ruwa na Kogin Tshilongo, wanda ke gudana daga arewa zuwa kudu, yana yammacin kogin Dipeta da Mofia.{{Sfn|Avenent 2014...}} Kogin Tshilongo ya samo asali ne kawai a kudancin ƙauyen Tshilongo kuma yana gudana kudu maso gabas zuwa Tenke.{{Sfn|Avenent 2014...}} Tare da wannan shimfiɗa babbar hanyar lardin RP615 da hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta Lubudi-Tenke suna gudana daidai da kogi. Kogin Tshilongo yana gudana a kudu daga Tenke don shiga [[Kando River|Kogin Kando]]. Kogin Kando yana gudana zuwa yamma don shiga [[Kogin Lualaba]] kusa da Kolwezi .{{Sfn|Golder Associates|2007}} An sami sabon nau'in shuka, ''Streptocarpus malachiticola'', tare da Tshilongo a cikin duwatsu da ke kan iyaka da bankin dama kusa da ƙauyen Kabwe a cikin 1980. {{Sfn|Fischer|Darbyshire|2021}} == Tarihi == Kamfanin Chemin de fer du Katanga ya buɗe ɓangaren kilomita 114.3 (71.0 na layin [[Lubumbashi]] - Bukama wanda ya gudana daga [[Kamatanda|Kamatanda Junction]] zuwa Tenke da Kogin Tshilongo a ranar 15 ga Yuli 1914. Sashe na kilomita 89.4 (55.6 daga Kogin Tshilongo zuwa Lubudi ya buɗe a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1918. Jirgin kasa na Benguela ya gudu kilomita 837 (1,347) ta hanyar Afirka ta Yamma ta Portugal (Angola) daga [[Lobito]] Bay a kan Tekun Atlantika zuwa iyakar lardin Katanga a Belgian Congo. An buɗe shi zuwa iyaka a ranar 10 ga Yuni 1929. Mataki na gaba shine gina sashin mil 335 (kilomita 539) daga iyaka zuwa Tshilongo a Tenke.{{Sfn|Editorial Notes 1929}} Layin Dilolo-Tenke ya buɗe a ranar 26 ga Afrilu 1931. A lokacin Operation Grandslam, inda sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka kai hari kan Jihar Katanga mai rabuwa, a ranar 17 ga Janairun 1963 'yan gaba na Brigade na 99 sun isa Kogin Tshilongo inda aka umarce su da su tsaya. A wannan rana Moïse Tshombe ya mika wuya a hukumance.{{Sfn|Praval|2012}} == Manazarta == b6d03w6mhcz5c4mmd93erjjt6y1g41g 842712 842711 2026-05-29T19:27:09Z Pharouqenr 25549 842712 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Tshilongo''' (Faransanci: Rivière Tshilongo) wani kogi ne a kudu maso gabashin [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]]. == Hanyar da ake ciki == Rashin ruwa na Kogin Tshilongo, wanda ke gudana daga arewa zuwa kudu, yana yammacin kogin Dipeta da Mofia.{{Sfn|Avenent 2014...}} Kogin Tshilongo ya samo asali ne kawai a kudancin ƙauyen Tshilongo kuma yana gudana kudu maso gabas zuwa Tenke.{{Sfn|Avenent 2014...}} Tare da wannan shimfiɗa babbar hanyar lardin RP615 da hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta Lubudi-Tenke suna gudana daidai da kogi. Kogin Tshilongo yana gudana a kudu daga Tenke don shiga [[Kando River|Kogin Kando]]. Kogin Kando yana gudana zuwa yamma don shiga [[Kogin Lualaba]] kusa da Kolwezi .{{Sfn|Golder Associates|2007}} An sami sabon nau'in shuka, ''Streptocarpus malachiticola'', tare da Tshilongo a cikin duwatsu da ke kan iyaka da bankin dama kusa da ƙauyen Kabwe a cikin 1980. {{Sfn|Fischer|Darbyshire|2021}} == Tarihi == Kamfanin Chemin de fer du Katanga ya buɗe ɓangaren kilomita 114.3 (71.0 na layin [[Lubumbashi]] - Bukama wanda ya gudana daga [[Kamatanda|Kamatanda Junction]] zuwa Tenke da Kogin Tshilongo a ranar 15 ga Yuli 1914. Sashe na kilomita 89.4 (55.6 daga Kogin Tshilongo zuwa Lubudi ya buɗe a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1918. Jirgin kasa na Benguela ya gudu kilomita 837 (1,347) ta hanyar Afirka ta Yamma ta Portugal (Angola) daga [[Lobito]] Bay a kan Tekun Atlantika zuwa iyakar lardin Katanga a Belgian Congo. An buɗe shi zuwa iyaka a ranar 10 ga Yuni 1929. Mataki na gaba shine gina sashin mil 335 (kilomita 539) daga iyaka zuwa Tshilongo a Tenke.{{Sfn|Editorial Notes 1929}} Layin Dilolo-Tenke ya buɗe a ranar 26 ga Afrilu 1931. A lokacin Operation Grandslam, inda sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka kai hari kan Jihar Katanga mai rabuwa, a ranar 17 ga Janairun 1963 'yan gaba na Brigade na 99 sun isa Kogin Tshilongo inda aka umarce su da su tsaya. A wannan rana Moïse Tshombe ya mika wuya a hukumance.{{Sfn|Praval|2012}} == Manazarta == 0ooz1xa6cimrdr64st6b28e9qdb120j 0 153192 842714 2026-05-29T19:27:31Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1319817375|Tshopo River]]" 842714 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Tshopo''' wani kogi ne a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . Yana gudana ta arewacin birnin [[Kisangani]] kuma ya shiga [[Kogin Lindi]] kafin wannan kogin ya shiga Koginsa na Kongo. Ya ba da sunansa ga lardin Tshopo. == Rashin ruwa == Tshopo basin yana da yanki na kimanin kilomita 17,200 (6,600 sq , galibi gandun daji na Guinea-Congo ne suka rufe shi. Yana da tsawo, kuma kusan gaba ɗaya a arewacin ma'auni. Kogin yana gudana daga gabas zuwa yamma kuma ya shiga Kogin Kongo kilomita 13 (8.1 daga Kisangani inda ya haɗu da Kogin Lindi . {{Sfn|Léonard|1993}} Babban faduwar kusa da bakin kogin ya bambanta da tsawo daga mita 11.2 zuwa 13.8 (37 zuwa 45 dangane da tsawo na Kogin Kongo. Kimanin mita 120 (390 a gaba da sama da ƙananan faduwar suna da mita 3.2 (10 a kan wani sashi na rapids.{{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} Wurin da ke cikin nahiyar ta hanyar ma'auni tare da lokutan ruwan sama guda biyu da lokutan bushewa guda biyu, da kuma ciyayi da ke rufe kwandon, suna haifar da kwarara mai kyau. Akwai ruwa mai zurfi a watan Fabrairu-Afrilu da Yuni-Agusta, da ruwa mai zurfa a watan Afrilu-Mayu kuma musamman a watan Oktoba-Disamba. Matsakaicin shekara-shekara yana da kimanin mita 300-450 a kowace dakika (11,000-16,000 ft / s). {{Sfn|Léonard|1993}} A babban faduwar da ke sama da bakin kogin kwararar ita ce mita cubic 100-700 a kowace dakika (3,500-24,700 cu ft / s), tare da saurin mita 5-6 a kowace dakika (16-20 ft / s). {{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} Ruwa shine pH 6.6-6.8, kuma yana da zafin jiki na 26-28 ° C (79-82 ° F) a cikin Janairu da Yuni 1987.{{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} == Muhalli == Kogin Lindi da Tshopo sun samar da ɗaya daga cikin manyan koguna uku na gefen dama a cikin Cuvette Centrale, ko tsakiyar [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]], sauran su ne Kogin Itimbiri da Kogin Aruwimi . {{Sfn|Decru|Emmanuel|Danadu|Walanga|2017}} A cewar wani rahoto na 2015, an sami nau'ikan kifi 184 a cikin kwandon Lindi / Shopo. Iyalin kifin giwa, ''Mormyridae'', ya fi wadata a cikin jinsuna.{{Sfn|Decru|2015}} Kogin yana da ruwa mai tsabta, idan aka kwatanta da ruwan da ba shi da kyau na Kongo, yana mai da shi ga nau'ikan shuke-shuke irin su ''Inversodicraea''.{{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} Schistosomiasis cuta ce mai tsanani da ke yaduwa ta hanyar kwari mai laushi. Binciken 2018 na mutanen da ke zaune a sansanin a bakin kogin Tshopo kilomita 28 (17 daga Kisangani a kan tsohuwar hanyar Buta sun gano 54.5% tabbatacce ga ''[[Kwayar cutar Tsargiya|Schistosoma haematobium]]'' da 7.3% tabbatacce ga ''Schistosoma mansoni''. Wannan idan aka kwatanta da 2.4% da 4.8% masu kyau ga mutane a cikin ƙauyen da ke kusa.{{Sfn|Mongita Esol’e|Zingabako Ngbingina|Anagwatalibe Kota|Mopaya Pakowe|2020}} == Tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa == An gina tashar wutar lantarki a Tshopo River Falls zuwa arewacin Kisangani a cikin shekarun 1950, wanda ya haifar da lalacewar ''Inversodicraea congolana'' a ɗayan shafuka biyu a duniya inda aka samo shi.{{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} Itace ce mai gudana a cikin kogi, don haka ba ta buƙatar babban tafki.{{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} Kogin ya ratsa madatsar ruwan lantarki sannan kuma a kan faduwar ruwa.{{Sfn|Barnes|2015}} A cikin 2013 Ministan hadin gwiwa da ci gaba na Belgium {{Interlanguage link|Jean-Pascal Labille|fr}} da gwamnan lardin Orientale Jean Bamanisa sun sake buɗe wurin samar da wutar lantarki na Tshopo bayan an rufe shi don gyarawa.{{Sfn|Daly|2013}} An gina gadar truss a kan fall a 1968, yana ba da hanya ga manoma daga arewa maso gabas don samun damar birnin. Ya fada cikin lalacewa, kuma a cikin 2014 an maye gurbinsa da gada mai mita 163 (535 tare da hanya ɗaya wanda zai iya ɗaukar motoci har zuwa tan 41. Yana da hanyoyi biyu na waje.{{Sfn|Barnes|2015}} == Manazarta == 7wus344aj705kqyaryktp9kwqiz3y2w 842715 842714 2026-05-29T19:28:13Z Pharouqenr 25549 842715 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Tshopo''' wani kogi ne a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . Yana gudana ta arewacin birnin [[Kisangani]] kuma ya shiga [[Kogin Lindi]] kafin wannan kogin ya shiga Koginsa na Kongo. Ya ba da sunansa ga lardin Tshopo. == Rashin ruwa == Tshopo basin yana da yanki na kimanin kilomita 17,200 (6,600 sq , galibi gandun daji na Guinea-Congo ne suka rufe shi. Yana da tsawo, kuma kusan gaba ɗaya a arewacin ma'auni. Kogin yana gudana daga gabas zuwa yamma kuma ya shiga Kogin Kongo kilomita 13 (8.1 daga Kisangani inda ya haɗu da Kogin Lindi . {{Sfn|Léonard|1993}} Babban faduwar kusa da bakin kogin ya bambanta da tsawo daga mita 11.2 zuwa 13.8 (37 zuwa 45 dangane da tsawo na Kogin Kongo. Kimanin mita 120 (390 a gaba da sama da ƙananan faduwar suna da mita 3.2 (10 a kan wani sashi na rapids.{{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} Wurin da ke cikin nahiyar ta hanyar ma'auni tare da lokutan ruwan sama guda biyu da lokutan bushewa guda biyu, da kuma ciyayi da ke rufe kwandon, suna haifar da kwarara mai kyau. Akwai ruwa mai zurfi a watan Fabrairu-Afrilu da Yuni-Agusta, da ruwa mai zurfa a watan Afrilu-Mayu kuma musamman a watan Oktoba-Disamba. Matsakaicin shekara-shekara yana da kimanin mita 300-450 a kowace dakika (11,000-16,000 ft / s). {{Sfn|Léonard|1993}} A babban faduwar da ke sama da bakin kogin kwararar ita ce mita cubic 100-700 a kowace dakika (3,500-24,700 cu ft / s), tare da saurin mita 5-6 a kowace dakika (16-20 ft / s). {{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} Ruwa shine pH 6.6-6.8, kuma yana da zafin jiki na 26-28 ° C (79-82 ° F) a cikin Janairu da Yuni 1987.{{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} == Muhalli == Kogin Lindi da Tshopo sun samar da ɗaya daga cikin manyan koguna uku na gefen dama a cikin Cuvette Centrale, ko tsakiyar [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]], sauran su ne Kogin Itimbiri da Kogin Aruwimi . {{Sfn|Decru|Emmanuel|Danadu|Walanga|2017}} A cewar wani rahoto na 2015, an sami nau'ikan kifi 184 a cikin kwandon Lindi / Shopo. Iyalin kifin giwa, ''Mormyridae'', ya fi wadata a cikin jinsuna.{{Sfn|Decru|2015}} Kogin yana da ruwa mai tsabta, idan aka kwatanta da ruwan da ba shi da kyau na Kongo, yana mai da shi ga nau'ikan shuke-shuke irin su ''Inversodicraea''.{{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} Schistosomiasis cuta ce mai tsanani da ke yaduwa ta hanyar kwari mai laushi. Binciken 2018 na mutanen da ke zaune a sansanin a bakin kogin Tshopo kilomita 28 (17 daga Kisangani a kan tsohuwar hanyar Buta sun gano 54.5% tabbatacce ga ''[[Kwayar cutar Tsargiya|Schistosoma haematobium]]'' da 7.3% tabbatacce ga ''Schistosoma mansoni''. Wannan idan aka kwatanta da 2.4% da 4.8% masu kyau ga mutane a cikin ƙauyen da ke kusa.{{Sfn|Mongita Esol’e|Zingabako Ngbingina|Anagwatalibe Kota|Mopaya Pakowe|2020}} == Tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa == An gina tashar wutar lantarki a Tshopo River Falls zuwa arewacin Kisangani a cikin shekarun 1950, wanda ya haifar da lalacewar ''Inversodicraea congolana'' a ɗayan shafuka biyu a duniya inda aka samo shi.{{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} Itace ce mai gudana a cikin kogi, don haka ba ta buƙatar babban tafki.{{Sfn|Cheek|Feika|Lebbie|Goyder|2017}} Kogin ya ratsa madatsar ruwan lantarki sannan kuma a kan faduwar ruwa.{{Sfn|Barnes|2015}} A cikin 2013 Ministan hadin gwiwa da ci gaba na Belgium {{Interlanguage link|Jean-Pascal Labille|fr}} da gwamnan lardin Orientale Jean Bamanisa sun sake buɗe wurin samar da wutar lantarki na Tshopo bayan an rufe shi don gyarawa.{{Sfn|Daly|2013}} An gina gadar truss a kan fall a 1968, yana ba da hanya ga manoma daga arewa maso gabas don samun damar birnin. Ya fada cikin lalacewa, kuma a cikin 2014 an maye gurbinsa da gada mai mita 163 (535 tare da hanya ɗaya wanda zai iya ɗaukar motoci har zuwa tan 41. Yana da hanyoyi biyu na waje.{{Sfn|Barnes|2015}} == Manazarta == kjs6e2zj4zl2jxjwncwku9azthaodx9 0 153193 842717 2026-05-29T19:28:42Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1277289965|2010 Kasai River ferry capsizing]]" 842717 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jirgin ruwa na Kogin Kasai na 2010''' ya faru ne a ranar 29 ga Yuli, 2010, lokacin da jirgin fasinja mai yawa ya rushe a Kogin K Masai a [[Lardin Léopoldville|Lardin Bandundu]], gabashin [[Kinshasa]], a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]]. Akalla mutane 80 an tabbatar da mutuwarsu, tare da wasu asusun da ke sanya wannan adadi kusa da 140.<ref>Citera, Patrice (29 July 2010). "At least 80 dead after Congo boat disaster". The Seattle Times. Associated Press. Retrieved 30 July 2010</ref> == Tarihi == Saboda rashin hanyoyin kasar a waje da manyan birane, jiragen ruwa da sufuri na kogi sune babban bangare na sufuri a cikin DRC. Kasar, wacce ta yi daidai da girman ta duk Yammacin Turai, tana da 'yan kilomita ɗari kawai na hanyoyi da aka shimfiɗa a waje da biranen. Bala'in ya faru ne a Kogin Kasai, wani yanki na [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], a yammacin Lardin Bandundu, gabashin babban birnin, [[Kinshasa]]. Jirgin yana tafiya zuwa Kinshasa daga garin Mushie a yankin Plateaux na yammacin Bandundu, wanda ke da nisan kilomita 30 (19 daga garin Bandundu, babban birnin lardin. Gwamnati ta bayyana cewa masu mallakar jirgi a cikin DRC suna yawan sakaci kuma bin ka'idojin inshora da jadawalin kulawa sau da yawa ba su da kyau. Hadarin kogi mai kisa yana da yawa a cikin DRC kuma galibi ana zarginsa da wuce gona da iri. Shekaru da yawa na rikice-rikice a yankin sun lalata ababen more rayuwa na kasar, suna barin jirgin sama da jiragen ruwa a matsayin mafi kyawun ko kawai zaɓi don tafiya. A cewar Agence France-Presse, haɗarin jirgin ruwa ya fi dacewa da yanayin rashin sigina a cikin tashoshin jiragen ruwa, rashin fitilun sigina a kan jiragen ruwa da rashin ƙwarewar matukan jirgi. Yanayin ya kara tsanantawa saboda yawancin tasoshin sun kasa cika ka'idojin tsaro na asali. == Hadari == === Dalilin da ya sa === A cewar gwamnati, jirgin ya rushe bayan ya bugi dutse. Jirgin ya cika sosai a cewar 'yan sanda, kuma fasinjoji da yawa ba su iya yin iyo ba. 'Yan sanda da farko sun danganta dalilin da ya sa ya rushe saboda mummunan yanayi, kodayake gwamnati ta kuma ce ƙananan matakan ruwa a kan kogi saboda lokacin fari na iya zama sanadin, wanda ya haifar da damar da jiragen ruwa ke shiga ko buga yashi. === Ranar da wurin === An ba da asusun rikice-rikice game da kwanan wata da ainihin wurin hatsarin, tare da Ministan Bayanai Lambert Mende Omalanga ya bayyana a ranar 29 ga Yulin 2010 cewa ya faru ne a ranar Talata 27 ga Yulin 10 a gidan kogin Mangutuka, kimanin kilomita 120 (75 daga Kinshasa; a baya ya bayyana cewa ya faru a ranar Laraba, kilomita 300 (190 daga kinshasa. Wani labarin daga Mende ya bayyana cewa ya faru ne kusa da gundumar Maluku, kimanin kilomita 130 (81 daga Kinshasa. Rahotanni da yawa na biyu sun ce ya faru ne a ranar Laraba, 28 ga Yuli. === Ayyukan ceto === Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta DRC da ma'aikatan [[Kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross da Red Crescent ta kasa da kasa|Red Cross]] na yankin sun yi tafiya zuwa wurin hatsarin don taimakawa wajen neman wadanda suka tsira da kuma tattara matattu. == Matattu == Adadin mutuwar 'yan sanda na wucin gadi ya nuna cewa mutane 138 sun mutu. Adadin ma'aikatar sufuri ya tabbatar da mutuwar 80 da kuma sanannun mutane 76 da suka tsira, kodayake an yi la'akari da cewa duka adadi biyu zasu iya tashi tare da bincike ga wadanda suka tsira, kuma saboda kasancewar fasinjoji da yawa da ba a rubuta su ba a cikin jirgin. Takardar hukuma ta lissafa "kimanin fasinjoji 180" a cewar gwamnati. A cewar wani rahoto, jirgin yana dauke da "kimanin fasinjoji 200" a cikin duka. Wani jami'in da ba a san sunansa ba a ofishin gwamnan yankin ya ce mutane 140 sun mutu. Wani tushe da ba a ambaci sunansa ba ya bayyana cewa an yi imanin cewa yara biyu ne kawai suka tsira daga bala'in. == Manazarta == ipjvfm2ud2zktp1m8hphh8nf9oljd8w 842718 842717 2026-05-29T19:29:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 842718 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jirgin ruwa na Kogin Kasai na 2010''' ya faru ne a ranar 29 ga Yuli, 2010, lokacin da jirgin fasinja mai yawa ya rushe a Kogin K Masai a [[Lardin Léopoldville|Lardin Bandundu]], gabashin [[Kinshasa]], a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]]. Akalla mutane 80 an tabbatar da mutuwarsu, tare da wasu asusun da ke sanya wannan adadi kusa da 140.<ref>Citera, Patrice (29 July 2010). "At least 80 dead after Congo boat disaster". The Seattle Times. Associated Press. Retrieved 30 July 2010</ref> == Tarihi == Saboda rashin hanyoyin kasar a waje da manyan birane, jiragen ruwa da sufuri na kogi sune babban bangare na sufuri a cikin DRC. Kasar, wacce ta yi daidai da girman ta duk Yammacin Turai, tana da 'yan kilomita ɗari kawai na hanyoyi da aka shimfiɗa a waje da biranen. Bala'in ya faru ne a Kogin Kasai, wani yanki na [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], a yammacin Lardin Bandundu, gabashin babban birnin, [[Kinshasa]]. Jirgin yana tafiya zuwa Kinshasa daga garin Mushie a yankin Plateaux na yammacin Bandundu, wanda ke da nisan kilomita 30 (19 daga garin Bandundu, babban birnin lardin. Gwamnati ta bayyana cewa masu mallakar jirgi a cikin DRC suna yawan sakaci kuma bin ka'idojin inshora da jadawalin kulawa sau da yawa ba su da kyau. Hadarin kogi mai kisa yana da yawa a cikin DRC kuma galibi ana zarginsa da wuce gona da iri. Shekaru da yawa na rikice-rikice a yankin sun lalata ababen more rayuwa na kasar, suna barin jirgin sama da jiragen ruwa a matsayin mafi kyawun ko kawai zaɓi don tafiya. A cewar Agence France-Presse, haɗarin jirgin ruwa ya fi dacewa da yanayin rashin sigina a cikin tashoshin jiragen ruwa, rashin fitilun sigina a kan jiragen ruwa da rashin ƙwarewar matukan jirgi. Yanayin ya kara tsanantawa saboda yawancin tasoshin sun kasa cika ka'idojin tsaro na asali. == Hadari == === Dalilin da ya sa === A cewar gwamnati, jirgin ya rushe bayan ya bugi dutse. Jirgin ya cika sosai a cewar 'yan sanda, kuma fasinjoji da yawa ba su iya yin iyo ba. 'Yan sanda da farko sun danganta dalilin da ya sa ya rushe saboda mummunan yanayi, kodayake gwamnati ta kuma ce ƙananan matakan ruwa a kan kogi saboda lokacin fari na iya zama sanadin, wanda ya haifar da damar da jiragen ruwa ke shiga ko buga yashi. === Ranar da wurin === An ba da asusun rikice-rikice game da kwanan wata da ainihin wurin hatsarin, tare da Ministan Bayanai Lambert Mende Omalanga ya bayyana a ranar 29 ga Yulin 2010 cewa ya faru ne a ranar Talata 27 ga Yulin 10 a gidan kogin Mangutuka, kimanin kilomita 120 (75 daga Kinshasa; a baya ya bayyana cewa ya faru a ranar Laraba, kilomita 300 (190 daga kinshasa. Wani labarin daga Mende ya bayyana cewa ya faru ne kusa da gundumar Maluku, kimanin kilomita 130 (81 daga Kinshasa. Rahotanni da yawa na biyu sun ce ya faru ne a ranar Laraba, 28 ga Yuli. === Ayyukan ceto === Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta DRC da ma'aikatan [[Kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross da Red Crescent ta kasa da kasa|Red Cross]] na yankin sun yi tafiya zuwa wurin hatsarin don taimakawa wajen neman wadanda suka tsira da kuma tattara matattu. == Matattu == Adadin mutuwar 'yan sanda na wucin gadi ya nuna cewa mutane 138 sun mutu. Adadin ma'aikatar sufuri ya tabbatar da mutuwar 80 da kuma sanannun mutane 76 da suka tsira, kodayake an yi la'akari da cewa duka adadi biyu zasu iya tashi tare da bincike ga wadanda suka tsira, kuma saboda kasancewar fasinjoji da yawa da ba a rubuta su ba a cikin jirgin. Takardar hukuma ta lissafa "kimanin fasinjoji 180" a cewar gwamnati. A cewar wani rahoto, jirgin yana dauke da "kimanin fasinjoji 200" a cikin duka. Wani jami'in da ba a san sunansa ba a ofishin gwamnan yankin ya ce mutane 140 sun mutu. Wani tushe da ba a ambaci sunansa ba ya bayyana cewa an yi imanin cewa yara biyu ne kawai suka tsira daga bala'in. == Manazarta == 1xvp84u21acfqjiakbjlgncecef1lzx 0 153194 842720 2026-05-29T19:29:44Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331335281|Obour (city)]]" 842720 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Obour''' ( Arabic &nbsp;, ma'ana "Mahadar") birni ne da ke cikin Gundumar Qalyubia, kimanin kilomita 35 arewa maso gabashin [[Kairo|Alkahira]] . <ref name="G Map El Obour City">{{Cite web |title=El Obour City |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/El+Obour+City,+Al+Qalyubia+Governorate,+Egypt/@30.2282531,31.4032733,12z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!1m7!3m6!1s0x0:0x0!2zMzDCsDEyJzE4LjAiTiAzMcKwMjcnMjcuMCJF!3b1!8m2!3d30.205!4d31.4575!3m4!1s0x14581ab73d4ca47d:0x89e1c92d1d007f67!8m2!3d30.2283327!4d31.479907?hl=en |website=Google Map}}</ref> Birnin yana da mazauna 142,955. An sanya masa suna don girmama ketarewar ("obour") na Layin Bar Lev da Sojojin Masar suka yi a lokacin Operation Badr a 1973, wani ɓangare na Yaƙin Oktoba . Yana ɗaya daga cikin sabbin birane 16 a Babban Birnin Alkahira . An kuma sanya shi a matsayin yankin masana'antu kuma yana ɗauke da wasu masana'antu. == Tsarin Zane == Ana ɗaukar birnin El-Obour a matsayin birni na ƙarni na biyu kuma Firayim Minista ya kafa shi a shekarar 1990, kuma yana da alaƙa da yanayin ƙasa da kuma gudanar da Gwamnatin Alƙahira, ɗaya daga cikin gwamnonin yankin Babban Alƙahira. Birnin El-Obour yana nan daga karfe 9 na safe zuwa karfe 1 na yamma&nbsp;kilomita zuwa 15&nbsp;km, a zurfin 7&nbsp;km, a dama na Titin Hamada na Bilbeis- Alkahira. Fadin birnin ya kai murabba'in kilomita 12.5, kuma jimillar fadinsa eka dubu 16 ne. Ana sa ran yawan mutanen birnin zai kai mutum dubu 500 idan aka kammala ci gabansa. Hukumomin sun kuma samar da kamfanonin saka hannun jari da wuraren shakatawa, da kuma ayyukan gwaji kamar aikin gidaje na Mubarak, aikin gidaje na Future Society, da kuma ayyukan gidaje kyauta da gidaje ga iyalai. Hukumar ta kuma ƙirƙiri rukunin gidaje 29,987, ciki har da rukunin gidaje 12,732 na matasa da kuma makomar da za ta zuba jarin fam miliyan 791. Bangaren da ba na gwamnati ba ya samar da rukunin gidaje 580.70. Yankin ayyukan hidima yana da fadin eka dubu 3.2, yayin da tsare-tsaren birane ke bai wa birnin filayen ayyuka daban-daban (ilimi - lafiya - al'adu - addini - nishaɗi - kasuwanci). Hukumar ta kafa gine-ginen hidima guda 74 tare da zuba jari na fam miliyan 322.5, ciki har da Hukumar Birnin Obour. Baya ga adadin gine-ginen hidima guda 169 marasa gwamnati. == Kayayyakin more rayuwa == Ana ciyar da birnin da ruwan sha mai tsafta daga masana'antar tsarkakewa ta yanzu wacce ke da karfin mita dubu 660 a kowace rana da kuma tashar rijiya mai karfin mita dubu 38 a kowace rana. An gina hanyoyin samar da ruwa mai tsawon mita 862.&nbsp;km. Ana aiwatar da tashoshin ɗagawa da layukan korar jama'a don mayar da ayyukan birnin zuwa masana'antar tace ruwa ta Yellow Mountain. An aiwatar da hanyoyin samar da magudanar ruwa da tsawonsu ya kai 562.&nbsp;km. Tare da zuba jari na fam miliyan 866.6 don ruwan sha da tsafta. == Tattalin Arziki == An aiwatar da hanyoyin sadarwa na wutar lantarki da tsawon 4,689&nbsp;km. Tare da jarin fam miliyan 705.5. Birnin Obour babban birni ne na masana'antu, tare da yankin da ke da ayyukan masana'antu na eka dubu 3.7. Masana'antu 432 masu samar da kayayyaki, tare da zuba jari na fam biliyan 4.69, suna samar da damar aiki dubu 34.4. Ana gina masana'antu 552 tare da zuba jari na fam biliyan 1.2 da damar aiki dubu 19.5. Hukumar kuma tana samar da filayen masana'antu, filayen ajiya da ƙananan bita. Ayyukan masana'antu na birnin sune: Masana'antun injiniya da lantarki - masana'antun abinci - itace da kayan daki - filastik - takarda - zare da yadi - kayan gini - ƙarfe da na inji - sinadarai da magunguna - kayan da za a iya sawa - iri-iri. Motocin Bus da Coach Bodybuilders suna da masana'antarsu kusa da birnin. == Yanayi == [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Tsarin rarraba yanayi na Köppen-Geiger]] ya rarraba yanayinsa a matsayin hamada mai zafi (BWh), <ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{Cite web |title=Climate: Al-Obour (altitude: 59m) - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table |url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/3828/ |access-date=2013-12-13 |publisher=Climate-Data.org}}</ref> wanda yayi kama da yankin da ke makwabtaka da shi a [[Kairo|Alkahira]] da [[Yanayin Masar|sauran Masar]] . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Biranen Misra]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4l7wzjqlukhcchxwm19dnkfafnqf7cy 842721 842720 2026-05-29T19:30:23Z Engineer014 44591 842721 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Obour''' ( Arabic &nbsp;, ma'ana "Mahadar") birni ne da ke cikin Gundumar Qalyubia, kimanin kilomita 35 arewa maso gabashin [[Kairo|Alkahira]] . <ref name="G Map El Obour City">{{Cite web |title=El Obour City |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/El+Obour+City,+Al+Qalyubia+Governorate,+Egypt/@30.2282531,31.4032733,12z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!1m7!3m6!1s0x0:0x0!2zMzDCsDEyJzE4LjAiTiAzMcKwMjcnMjcuMCJF!3b1!8m2!3d30.205!4d31.4575!3m4!1s0x14581ab73d4ca47d:0x89e1c92d1d007f67!8m2!3d30.2283327!4d31.479907?hl=en |website=Google Map}}</ref> Birnin yana da mazauna 142,955. An sanya masa suna don girmama ketarewar ("obour") na Layin Bar Lev da Sojojin Masar suka yi a lokacin Operation Badr a 1973, wani ɓangare na Yaƙin Oktoba . Yana ɗaya daga cikin sabbin birane 16 a Babban Birnin Alkahira . An kuma sanya shi a matsayin yankin masana'antu kuma yana ɗauke da wasu masana'antu. == Tsarin Zane == Ana ɗaukar birnin El-Obour a matsayin birni na ƙarni na biyu kuma Firayim Minista ya kafa shi a shekarar 1990, kuma yana da alaƙa da yanayin ƙasa da kuma gudanar da Gwamnatin Alƙahira, ɗaya daga cikin gwamnonin yankin Babban Alƙahira. Birnin El-Obour yana nan daga karfe 9 na safe zuwa karfe 1 na yamma&nbsp;kilomita zuwa 15&nbsp;km, a zurfin 7&nbsp;km, a dama na Titin Hamada na Bilbeis- Alkahira. Fadin birnin ya kai murabba'in kilomita 12.5, kuma jimillar fadinsa eka dubu 16 ne. Ana sa ran yawan mutanen birnin zai kai mutum dubu 500 idan aka kammala ci gabansa. Hukumomin sun kuma samar da kamfanonin saka hannun jari da wuraren shakatawa, da kuma ayyukan gwaji kamar aikin gidaje na Mubarak, aikin gidaje na Future Society, da kuma ayyukan gidaje kyauta da gidaje ga iyalai. Hukumar ta kuma ƙirƙiri rukunin gidaje 29,987, ciki har da rukunin gidaje 12,732 na matasa da kuma makomar da za ta zuba jarin fam miliyan 791. Bangaren da ba na gwamnati ba ya samar da rukunin gidaje 580.70. Yankin ayyukan hidima yana da fadin eka dubu 3.2, yayin da tsare-tsaren birane ke bai wa birnin filayen ayyuka daban-daban (ilimi - lafiya - al'adu - addini - nishaɗi - kasuwanci). Hukumar ta kafa gine-ginen hidima guda 74 tare da zuba jari na fam miliyan 322.5, ciki har da Hukumar Birnin Obour. Baya ga adadin gine-ginen hidima guda 169 marasa gwamnati. == Kayayyakin more rayuwa == Ana ciyar da birnin da ruwan sha mai tsafta daga masana'antar tsarkakewa ta yanzu wacce ke da karfin mita dubu 660 a kowace rana da kuma tashar rijiya mai karfin mita dubu 38 a kowace rana. An gina hanyoyin samar da ruwa mai tsawon mita 862.&nbsp;km. Ana aiwatar da tashoshin ɗagawa da layukan korar jama'a don mayar da ayyukan birnin zuwa masana'antar tace ruwa ta Yellow Mountain. An aiwatar da hanyoyin samar da magudanar ruwa da tsawonsu ya kai 562.&nbsp;km. Tare da zuba jari na fam miliyan 866.6 don ruwan sha da tsafta. == Tattalin Arziki == An aiwatar da hanyoyin sadarwa na wutar lantarki da tsawon 4,689&nbsp;km. Tare da jarin fam miliyan 705.5. Birnin Obour babban birni ne na masana'antu, tare da yankin da ke da ayyukan masana'antu na eka dubu 3.7. Masana'antu 432 masu samar da kayayyaki, tare da zuba jari na fam biliyan 4.69, suna samar da damar aiki dubu 34.4. Ana gina masana'antu 552 tare da zuba jari na fam biliyan 1.2 da damar aiki dubu 19.5. Hukumar kuma tana samar da filayen masana'antu, filayen ajiya da ƙananan bita. Ayyukan masana'antu na birnin sune: Masana'antun injiniya da lantarki - masana'antun abinci - itace da kayan daki - filastik - takarda - zare da yadi - kayan gini - ƙarfe da na inji - sinadarai da magunguna - kayan da za a iya sawa - iri-iri. Motocin Bus da Coach Bodybuilders suna da masana'antarsu kusa da birnin. == Yanayi == [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Tsarin rarraba yanayi na Köppen-Geiger]] ya rarraba yanayinsa a matsayin hamada mai zafi (BWh), <ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{Cite web |title=Climate: Al-Obour (altitude: 59m) - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table |url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/3828/ |access-date=2013-12-13 |publisher=Climate-Data.org}}</ref> wanda yayi kama da yankin da ke makwabtaka da shi a [[Kairo|Alkahira]] da [[Yanayin Masar|sauran Masar]] . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Biranen Misra]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qekzm5oyrkz3qzpgsozl8g37hqe51fw 0 153195 842724 2026-05-29T19:33:17Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1316823899|Kafr Shukr]]" 842724 wikitext text/x-wiki An kafa Kafr Shukr a shekara ta 1228 bayan hijira, daidai da shekarar 1830 bayan hijira, ta hannun Mr. "Shukr bin Ibrahim" daga ƙauyen Isnit (Isnit ƙauye ne da ya faɗaɗa tarihinsa zuwa zamanin Fir'auna, inda a da aka san shi da "Zint" kuma ya ci gaba da wanzuwa tare da gurɓata sunansa har sai da aka san shi a zamanin Muhammadu Ali a matsayin Asnit). == Tattalin Arziki == Kafr shukr ta shahara wajen noman 'ya'yan itatuwa, galibi citrus, inabi, ayaba, da kuma prunes. Akwai kuma adadi mai yawa na wuraren kiwon kaji da ayyukan da ke samar da ƙwai miliyan 15 a kowace shekara. Akwai kuma wasu masana'antu masu sauƙi kamar kayan daki, tayal da tubalin yumbu. Kafr Shukr kuma ta shahara da cinikin nama da kaji, domin kasancewarta a kan titin Mansoura - Damietta - Banha ya haifar da cinikin hatsi, takin zamani da abinci mai gina jiki, da kuma adadi mai yawa na gidajen cin abinci da shaguna da ke hidimar hanya da kuma baƙi zuwa wuraren shakatawa na bazara na Ras Al Bar da Gamasa. == Sashen Markaz == An raba Markaz Kafr Shukr zuwa sassa shida: <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=كفر شكر |url=http://www.qaliobia.gov.eg/SitePages/cities/kafrshokr/default.aspx |access-date=2023-04-26 |website=www.qaliobia.gov.eg}}</ref> Kafr Shukr town, markaz capital Ƙauyen Al-Shaqr Ƙauyen Isnit Ƙauyen Baqashin == Manazarta == f2y1nnubgygmxa3mg9fd4m7qanelaqs 842726 842724 2026-05-29T19:34:07Z Engineer014 44591 842726 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An kafa Kafr Shukr a shekara ta 1228 bayan hijira, daidai da shekarar 1830 bayan hijira, ta hannun Mr. "Shukr bin Ibrahim" daga ƙauyen Isnit (Isnit ƙauye ne da ya faɗaɗa tarihinsa zuwa zamanin Fir'auna, inda a da aka san shi da "Zint" kuma ya ci gaba da wanzuwa tare da gurɓata sunansa har sai da aka san shi a zamanin Muhammadu Ali a matsayin Asnit). == Tattalin Arziki == Kafr shukr ta shahara wajen noman 'ya'yan itatuwa, galibi citrus, inabi, ayaba, da kuma prunes. Akwai kuma adadi mai yawa na wuraren kiwon kaji da ayyukan da ke samar da ƙwai miliyan 15 a kowace shekara. Akwai kuma wasu masana'antu masu sauƙi kamar kayan daki, tayal da tubalin yumbu. Kafr Shukr kuma ta shahara da cinikin nama da kaji, domin kasancewarta a kan titin Mansoura - Damietta - Banha ya haifar da cinikin hatsi, takin zamani da abinci mai gina jiki, da kuma adadi mai yawa na gidajen cin abinci da shaguna da ke hidimar hanya da kuma baƙi zuwa wuraren shakatawa na bazara na Ras Al Bar da Gamasa. == Sashen Markaz == An raba Markaz Kafr Shukr zuwa sassa shida: <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=كفر شكر |url=http://www.qaliobia.gov.eg/SitePages/cities/kafrshokr/default.aspx |access-date=2023-04-26 |website=www.qaliobia.gov.eg}}</ref> Kafr Shukr town, markaz capital Ƙauyen Al-Shaqr Ƙauyen Isnit Ƙauyen Baqashin == Manazarta == 63xg9lfgbxwzjmeh8ojovzxldv4gb3k 0 153196 842728 2026-05-29T19:36:42Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329953130|Shibin El Qanater]]" 842728 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shibin El Qanater''' ( Arabic ), wanda aka fi sani da '''Shaybin al-Qasr''' ( Arabic ) da '''Scenae Veteranorum''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=TM Places |url=https://www.trismegistos.org/place/3202 |access-date=2021-08-17 |website=[[Trismegistos]]}}</ref> yanki ne ( ''markaz'' ) a [[Misra|Masar]] wanda ke tsakiyar gundumar Qalyubia . Yawan jama'arta ya kai 423,783 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006 kuma ya ƙunshi ƙauyuka 36. == Tarihi == Garin na zamani ya kasance sansanin sojojin Romawa wanda ke aiki a matsayin tashar rundunonin sojojin doki " Equites Saraceni Thamudeni " da "Ala quinta Raetorum ". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Notitia Dignitatum |url=https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/notitia2.html |access-date=2022-11-30 |website=www.thelatinlibrary.com}}</ref> Garin Shibin El Qanater yana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin ƙauyuka, inda ya bayyana da sunan "Shibin Al-Qasr" a cikin littafin "Dokokin Diwans na Al-Asaad Bin Mattati" daga ayyukan Al-Sharqiya, wanda shine sunan da aka ba shi a cikin dutsen Salahi wanda Sarkin Ayyubid Al-Nasir Salah Al-Din ya gudanar a shekara ta 572 AH / 1176 AD, kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin sunan "Shibin Al-Qasr Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan Qalubia a cikin littafin "Wani Babban Aikin Sunni a cikin Sunayen Kasashen Masar" na Ibn Al-Jiaan wanda ya kewaye ƙauyukan Masar bayan dutsen Nasserite wanda Sarkin Mamluk Al-Nasir Muhammad bin Qalawun ya gudanar a shekara ta 715 AH / 1315 AD. A zamanin Ottoman, an ambaci shi a cikin majiyoyin Ottoman, wanda gwamnan Ottoman Suleiman Pasha Al-Khadim ya gudanar a lokacin Sarkin Ottoman Suleiman Mai girma a cikin ƙauyukan lardin Qaliubiya. Ramzi ya haɗa ɓangaren farko na sunan da Arabic ''ʾašyab'' "launi mai launin toka, tsohon" kama da Latin "tsoho". Daga cikin muhimman abubuwan tarihi da aka samu a yankin akwai manyan tarkace da aka yi amfani da su wajen gina wani salo na ban mamaki a kan gine-ginen Masar. Wannan yana nuna cewa matattu ba 'yan Masar ba ne, wannan yanki an san shi da tudun Yahudawa, kuma akwai wasu ragowar da ba a gano ba tukuna, kuma suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa gano su. == Jerin ƙauyuka == * [[Shibin El-Qanater]] * [[Kafr Shibin]] * [[El Ahraz]] * El Hasafah * El Kulzom * [[El Zahweyeen]] * [[Ezbet El Gewily]] * [[Ezbet El Wakeel]] * [[Kafr El Dair]] * [[Kafr El Shaikha Salma]] * [[Kafr El Shawbak]] * [[Kafr El Sohby]] * [[Kafr Taha]] * [[Mansh'at El Keram]] * [[Menyet Shibin]] * [[Nawa (Shibin El Qanater)]] * [[Taha Nub]] * [[Tal Bani Tamim]] * [[Elmoreeg|Elmoorg]] * [[El Shawbak]] * Tohouria == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Biranen Misra]] m809ulpqd2kqz0olvcs8gveo95354os 842729 842728 2026-05-29T19:37:26Z Engineer014 44591 842729 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shibin El Qanater''' ( Arabic ), wanda aka fi sani da '''Shaybin al-Qasr''' ( Arabic ) da '''Scenae Veteranorum''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=TM Places |url=https://www.trismegistos.org/place/3202 |access-date=2021-08-17 |website=[[Trismegistos]]}}</ref> yanki ne ( ''markaz'' ) a [[Misra|Masar]] wanda ke tsakiyar gundumar Qalyubia . Yawan jama'arta ya kai 423,783 a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006 kuma ya ƙunshi ƙauyuka 36. == Tarihi == Garin na zamani ya kasance sansanin sojojin Romawa wanda ke aiki a matsayin tashar rundunonin sojojin doki " Equites Saraceni Thamudeni " da "Ala quinta Raetorum ". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Notitia Dignitatum |url=https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/notitia2.html |access-date=2022-11-30 |website=www.thelatinlibrary.com}}</ref> Garin Shibin El Qanater yana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin ƙauyuka, inda ya bayyana da sunan "Shibin Al-Qasr" a cikin littafin "Dokokin Diwans na Al-Asaad Bin Mattati" daga ayyukan Al-Sharqiya, wanda shine sunan da aka ba shi a cikin dutsen Salahi wanda Sarkin Ayyubid Al-Nasir Salah Al-Din ya gudanar a shekara ta 572 AH / 1176 AD, kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin sunan "Shibin Al-Qasr Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan Qalubia a cikin littafin "Wani Babban Aikin Sunni a cikin Sunayen Kasashen Masar" na Ibn Al-Jiaan wanda ya kewaye ƙauyukan Masar bayan dutsen Nasserite wanda Sarkin Mamluk Al-Nasir Muhammad bin Qalawun ya gudanar a shekara ta 715 AH / 1315 AD. A zamanin Ottoman, an ambaci shi a cikin majiyoyin Ottoman, wanda gwamnan Ottoman Suleiman Pasha Al-Khadim ya gudanar a lokacin Sarkin Ottoman Suleiman Mai girma a cikin ƙauyukan lardin Qaliubiya. Ramzi ya haɗa ɓangaren farko na sunan da Arabic ''ʾašyab'' "launi mai launin toka, tsohon" kama da Latin "tsoho". Daga cikin muhimman abubuwan tarihi da aka samu a yankin akwai manyan tarkace da aka yi amfani da su wajen gina wani salo na ban mamaki a kan gine-ginen Masar. Wannan yana nuna cewa matattu ba 'yan Masar ba ne, wannan yanki an san shi da tudun Yahudawa, kuma akwai wasu ragowar da ba a gano ba tukuna, kuma suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa gano su. == Jerin ƙauyuka == * [[Shibin El-Qanater]] * [[Kafr Shibin]] * [[El Ahraz]] * El Hasafah * El Kulzom * [[El Zahweyeen]] * [[Ezbet El Gewily]] * [[Ezbet El Wakeel]] * [[Kafr El Dair]] * [[Kafr El Shaikha Salma]] * [[Kafr El Shawbak]] * [[Kafr El Sohby]] * [[Kafr Taha]] * [[Mansh'at El Keram]] * [[Menyet Shibin]] * [[Nawa (Shibin El Qanater)]] * [[Taha Nub]] * [[Tal Bani Tamim]] * [[Elmoreeg|Elmoorg]] * [[El Shawbak]] * Tohouria == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Biranen Misra]] fk6wfmrt02nhgpul7wio3od248i2cai 0 153197 842730 2026-05-29T19:45:53Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327787207|Banha]]" 842730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{hiero|pr nhꜣ<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wallis Budge |first1=E. A. |title=An Egyptian hieroglyphic dictionary: with an index of English words, king list and geological list with indexes, list of hieroglyphic characters, coptic and semitic alphabets, etc. Vol II |date=1920 |publisher=[[John Murray (publishing house)|John Murray]] |page=[https://archive.org/details/egyptianhierogly02budguoft/page/989 989] |url=https://archive.org/details/egyptianhierogly02budguoft}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gauthier |first1=Henri |title=Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol. 2 |date=1925 |page=[https://archive.org/details/Gauthier1925_2/page/n51 95] |url=https://archive.org/details/Gauthier1925_2}}</ref>|<hiero>O1:Z1-M1</hiero>|align=left}}{{Weather box}}'''Banha''' ( Arabic {{IPA|ar|ˈbænhæ|}} ) ita ce babban birnin Jihar Qalyubiyya a arewa maso gabashin [[Misra|Masar]] . Tsakanin babban birnin [[Kairo|Alkahira]] da birnin [[Tanta]], Banha muhimmin cibiyar sufuri ne, yayin da layukan jirgin ƙasa daga Alkahira zuwa birane daban-daban a cikin Kogin Nilu ke ratsawa ta cikinta. Benha wani ɓangare ne na Babban Birnin Alkahira . An kafa Banha a matsayin birni a shekarar 1850. == Asalin Ma'anar == Sunan birnin na zamani ya samo asali ne daga ''Banaho'' ( Coptic ) daga ''Per neha'' ( Ancient Egyptian ), wanda ke nufin 'Gidan Sycamore ( Coptic )'. == Yanayin ƙasa == Yana nan a lamba {{Convert|48|km|mi}} arewacin [[Kairo|Alkahira]] . Yana gefen gabas na reshen Damietta na [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] a cikin gonaki masu arziki na kudancin yankin delta na kogin. Banha babban mahaɗa ne a cikin hanyar jirgin ƙasa da ke ratsa arewa daga [[Kairo|Alkahira]] kuma tana da tashar jirgin ƙasa ta 6 mafi girma a Masar. Benha shine wurin da ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin biranen da ake kira Athribis yake, babban birnin lardin Lower Egypt na goma a kusan shekara ta 1500 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. Masana ilmin kayan tarihi ba su taɓa yin bincike a wurin ba ta hanyar tsari. Tsawon shekaru, manoma da ke haƙa a yankin sun gano tarin azurfa mai yawa. Athribis ita ce cibiyar bauta ga baƙar bijimin kuma ta fi shahara a lokacin mulkin Romawa a Masar. Babu wurare da yawa da ke cikin wannan tsohon babban birnin sai dai wasu abubuwan da suka rage daga Daular 18 zuwa 26. Ko da yake ba wurin yawon buɗe ido ba ne, akwai wurare kamar makabartar Girka da Romawa da kuma kayan azurfa da aka gano a wurin Athribis da ake nunawa a Gidan Tarihi na Masar. Kimanin {{Convert|20|km|mi}} kudu maso yammacin Banha akwai Tall al Yahudiya, wurin Leontopolis, wanda ya shahara da tayal ɗinsa masu gilashi a zamanin da. Yawan jama'a yana kusa da 2,479,347 (2005) kuma jimillar yankin shine 16.105&nbsp;km ² . === Yanayi === [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Tsarin rarraba yanayi na Köppen-Geiger]] ya rarraba yanayinsa a matsayin hamada mai zafi (BWh). == Tattalin Arziki == Ana shayar da shi sosai ta hanyar magudanan ruwa da ke kaiwa ga Delta Barrage, wani [[Madatsar ruwa|madatsar ruwa mai lamba]] {{Convert|30|km|mi}} sama da kogin, gonakin da ke kewaye suna samar da alkama da [[auduga]] mai tsayi. Tun zamanin da, Banha ta shahara da samar da wardi, wani sinadari a cikin [[turare]] . A yau ita ce cibiyar masana'antar lantarki ta Masar. r3dpslmrejq4bp8dg0xmnqeecwpi4xi 842731 842730 2026-05-29T19:46:42Z Engineer014 44591 842731 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{hiero|pr nhꜣ<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wallis Budge |first1=E. A. |title=An Egyptian hieroglyphic dictionary: with an index of English words, king list and geological list with indexes, list of hieroglyphic characters, coptic and semitic alphabets, etc. Vol II |date=1920 |publisher=[[John Murray (publishing house)|John Murray]] |page=[https://archive.org/details/egyptianhierogly02budguoft/page/989 989] |url=https://archive.org/details/egyptianhierogly02budguoft}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gauthier |first1=Henri |title=Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol. 2 |date=1925 |page=[https://archive.org/details/Gauthier1925_2/page/n51 95] |url=https://archive.org/details/Gauthier1925_2}}</ref>|<hiero>O1:Z1-M1</hiero>|align=left}}{{Weather box}}'''Banha''' ( Arabic {{IPA|ar|ˈbænhæ|}} ) ita ce babban birnin Jihar Qalyubiyya a arewa maso gabashin [[Misra|Masar]] . Tsakanin babban birnin [[Kairo|Alkahira]] da birnin [[Tanta]], Banha muhimmin cibiyar sufuri ne, yayin da layukan jirgin ƙasa daga Alkahira zuwa birane daban-daban a cikin Kogin Nilu ke ratsawa ta cikinta. Benha wani ɓangare ne na Babban Birnin Alkahira . An kafa Banha a matsayin birni a shekarar 1850. == Asalin Ma'anar == Sunan birnin na zamani ya samo asali ne daga ''Banaho'' ( Coptic ) daga ''Per neha'' ( Ancient Egyptian ), wanda ke nufin 'Gidan Sycamore ( Coptic )'. == Yanayin ƙasa == Yana nan a lamba {{Convert|48|km|mi}} arewacin [[Kairo|Alkahira]] . Yana gefen gabas na reshen Damietta na [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] a cikin gonaki masu arziki na kudancin yankin delta na kogin. Banha babban mahaɗa ne a cikin hanyar jirgin ƙasa da ke ratsa arewa daga [[Kairo|Alkahira]] kuma tana da tashar jirgin ƙasa ta 6 mafi girma a Masar. Benha shine wurin da ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin biranen da ake kira Athribis yake, babban birnin lardin Lower Egypt na goma a kusan shekara ta 1500 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. Masana ilmin kayan tarihi ba su taɓa yin bincike a wurin ba ta hanyar tsari. Tsawon shekaru, manoma da ke haƙa a yankin sun gano tarin azurfa mai yawa. Athribis ita ce cibiyar bauta ga baƙar bijimin kuma ta fi shahara a lokacin mulkin Romawa a Masar. Babu wurare da yawa da ke cikin wannan tsohon babban birnin sai dai wasu abubuwan da suka rage daga Daular 18 zuwa 26. Ko da yake ba wurin yawon buɗe ido ba ne, akwai wurare kamar makabartar Girka da Romawa da kuma kayan azurfa da aka gano a wurin Athribis da ake nunawa a Gidan Tarihi na Masar. Kimanin {{Convert|20|km|mi}} kudu maso yammacin Banha akwai Tall al Yahudiya, wurin Leontopolis, wanda ya shahara da tayal ɗinsa masu gilashi a zamanin da. Yawan jama'a yana kusa da 2,479,347 (2005) kuma jimillar yankin shine 16.105&nbsp;km ² . === Yanayi === [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Tsarin rarraba yanayi na Köppen-Geiger]] ya rarraba yanayinsa a matsayin hamada mai zafi (BWh). == Tattalin Arziki == Ana shayar da shi sosai ta hanyar magudanan ruwa da ke kaiwa ga Delta Barrage, wani [[Madatsar ruwa|madatsar ruwa mai lamba]] {{Convert|30|km|mi}} sama da kogin, gonakin da ke kewaye suna samar da alkama da [[auduga]] mai tsayi. Tun zamanin da, Banha ta shahara da samar da wardi, wani sinadari a cikin [[turare]] . A yau ita ce cibiyar masana'antar lantarki ta Masar. 249lbr55dlvytg5uzwotz97noualzda 0 153198 842733 2026-05-29T19:54:58Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1311437231|Farmington River (Liberia)]]" 842733 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Farmington''' kogi ne a [[Laberiya|Liberia]]. Yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] kusa da garin Marshall. Kogin Farmington, [[Junk River|Kogin Junk]], da [[Gbage River|Kogin Gbage]] sun haɗu kusa da gabar tekun Atlantika don samar da magudanar ruwa. Wasu majiyoyi sun nuna cewa kogin da ya isa teku shine Kogin Farmington, yayin da Kogin Junk shine magudanar ruwa. Wasu kuma, galibi tsoffin majiyoyi suna nuna akasin haka. Kamfanin Rubber na Firestone Natural ya kafa gonakin roba a gefen Kogin Farmington a shekarar 1926. Kamfanin ya gina tashar wutar lantarki ta Firestone, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1942, don hidimar gonar da masana'antar da ke da alaƙa da ita. A shekarun baya, an zargi kamfanin da gurɓata kogin. [[Fayil:ASC_Leiden_-_F._van_der_Kraaij_Collection_-_14_-_44_-_The_broad_Farmington_River_-_Firestone_Plantation,_Harbel,_Margibi_County_(then_Marshall_County),_Liberia_-_1977-1978.tif|left|thumb|Kogin Farmington kusa da Firestone Plantation, Harbel, Gundumar Margibi (a lokacin Gundumar Marshall), Laberiya, 1977-1978.]] == Manazarta == == Farmington River (Liberia)Farmington River (Liberia)Farmington River (Liberia)Farmington River (Liberia) == t58oakse740oj8qbcnd601shxtm14zk 842734 842733 2026-05-29T19:55:32Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Farmington River (Liberia)Farmington River (Liberia)Farmington River (Liberia)Farmington River (Liberia) */ 842734 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Farmington''' kogi ne a [[Laberiya|Liberia]]. Yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] kusa da garin Marshall. Kogin Farmington, [[Junk River|Kogin Junk]], da [[Gbage River|Kogin Gbage]] sun haɗu kusa da gabar tekun Atlantika don samar da magudanar ruwa. Wasu majiyoyi sun nuna cewa kogin da ya isa teku shine Kogin Farmington, yayin da Kogin Junk shine magudanar ruwa. Wasu kuma, galibi tsoffin majiyoyi suna nuna akasin haka. Kamfanin Rubber na Firestone Natural ya kafa gonakin roba a gefen Kogin Farmington a shekarar 1926. Kamfanin ya gina tashar wutar lantarki ta Firestone, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1942, don hidimar gonar da masana'antar da ke da alaƙa da ita. A shekarun baya, an zargi kamfanin da gurɓata kogin. [[Fayil:ASC_Leiden_-_F._van_der_Kraaij_Collection_-_14_-_44_-_The_broad_Farmington_River_-_Firestone_Plantation,_Harbel,_Margibi_County_(then_Marshall_County),_Liberia_-_1977-1978.tif|left|thumb|Kogin Farmington kusa da Firestone Plantation, Harbel, Gundumar Margibi (a lokacin Gundumar Marshall), Laberiya, 1977-1978.]] == Manazarta == 3b95mbxsfwsixddgjsqr3vdbidf71g3 842736 842734 2026-05-29T19:59:52Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842736 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Farmington''' kogi ne a [[Laberiya|Liberia]]. Yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] kusa da garin Marshall.<ref name=BBC>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Liberia rubber pollution denied |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6615715.stm |newspaper=BBC News |date=2 May 2007 |access-date=17 January 2017}}</ref> Kogin Farmington, [[Junk River|Kogin Junk]], da [[Gbage River|Kogin Gbage]] sun haɗu kusa da gabar tekun Atlantika don samar da magudanar ruwa.<ref name=Britannica>{{cite web |url=https://global.britannica.com/place/Farmington-River |title=Farmington River |date=20 June 1998 |work=Encyclopædia Britannica |accessdate=17 January 2017}}</ref> Wasu majiyoyi sun nuna cewa kogin da ya isa teku shine Kogin Farmington, yayin da Kogin Junk shine magudanar ruwa.<ref name=Britannica-1911>{{cite web |url=https://global.britannica.com/place/Farmington-River |title=Liberia |date= |work=1911 Encyclopædia Britannica |accessdate=17 January 2017}}</ref> Wasu kuma, galibi tsoffin majiyoyi suna nuna akasin haka.<ref name="Büttikofer">{{cite journal |last1=Büttikofer |first1=J. |year=1889 |title=Zoological researches in Liberia. Fourth list of Birds |journal=Notes from the Leyden Museum |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=113–138 |url=http://www.narcis.nl/publication/RecordID/oai:naturalis.nl:509230 |author-link=Johann Büttikofer}}</ref> Kamfanin Rubber na Firestone Natural ya kafa gonakin roba a gefen Kogin Farmington a shekarar 1926.<ref name="Church 1969">{{cite journal|last1=Church|first1=R. J. H.|title=The Firestone Rubber Plantations in Liberia|journal=Geography|date=1969|volume=54|issue=4|pages=430–437 |jstor=40567142}}</ref> Kamfanin ya gina tashar wutar lantarki ta Firestone, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1942, don hidimar gonar da masana'antar da ke da alaƙa da ita.<ref name="Dunn et al. 2000">{{cite book|last1=Dunn|first1=Elwood D. |last2=Beyan|first2=Amos J. |last3=Burrowes|first3=Carl Patrick |title=Historical Dictionary of Liberia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qt0_RrW8ghkC&pg=PA115|date=20 December 2000|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-1-4616-5931-0|page=115}}</ref> A shekarun baya, an zargi kamfanin da gurɓata kogin.<ref name="Büttikofer">{{cite journal |last1=Büttikofer |first1=J. |year=1889 |title=Zoological researches in Liberia. Fourth list of Birds |journal=Notes from the Leyden Museum |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=113–138 |url=http://www.narcis.nl/publication/RecordID/oai:naturalis.nl:509230 |author-link=Johann Büttikofer}}</ref> [[Fayil:ASC_Leiden_-_F._van_der_Kraaij_Collection_-_14_-_44_-_The_broad_Farmington_River_-_Firestone_Plantation,_Harbel,_Margibi_County_(then_Marshall_County),_Liberia_-_1977-1978.tif|left|thumb|Kogin Farmington kusa da Firestone Plantation, Harbel, Gundumar Margibi (a lokacin Gundumar Marshall), Laberiya, 1977-1978.]] == Manazarta == 36h6gfru054md7ef0i70mrbup1perkm 842737 842736 2026-05-29T20:01:03Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842737 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Farmington''' kogi ne a [[Laberiya|Liberia]]. Yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] kusa da garin Marshall.<ref name="BBC">{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Liberia rubber pollution denied |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6615715.stm |newspaper=BBC News |date=2 May 2007 |access-date=17 January 2017}}</ref> Kogin Farmington, [[Junk River|Kogin Junk]], da [[Gbage River|Kogin Gbage]] sun haɗu kusa da gabar tekun Atlantika don samar da magudanar ruwa.<ref name=Britannica>{{cite web |url=https://global.britannica.com/place/Farmington-River |title=Farmington River |date=20 June 1998 |work=Encyclopædia Britannica |accessdate=17 January 2017}}</ref> Wasu majiyoyi sun nuna cewa kogin da ya isa teku shine Kogin Farmington, yayin da Kogin Junk shine magudanar ruwa.<ref name=Britannica-1911>{{cite web |url=https://global.britannica.com/place/Farmington-River |title=Liberia |date= |work=1911 Encyclopædia Britannica |accessdate=17 January 2017}}</ref> Wasu kuma, galibi tsoffin majiyoyi suna nuna akasin haka.<ref name="Büttikofer">{{cite journal |last1=Büttikofer |first1=J. |year=1889 |title=Zoological researches in Liberia. Fourth list of Birds |journal=Notes from the Leyden Museum |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=113–138 |url=http://www.narcis.nl/publication/RecordID/oai:naturalis.nl:509230 |author-link=Johann Büttikofer}}</ref> Kamfanin Rubber na Firestone Natural ya kafa gonakin roba a gefen Kogin Farmington a shekarar 1926.<ref name="Church 1969">{{cite journal|last1=Church|first1=R. J. H.|title=The Firestone Rubber Plantations in Liberia|journal=Geography|date=1969|volume=54|issue=4|pages=430–437 |jstor=40567142}}</ref> Kamfanin ya gina tashar wutar lantarki ta Firestone, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1942, don hidimar gonar da masana'antar da ke da alaƙa da ita.<ref name="Dunn et al. 2000">{{cite book|last1=Dunn|first1=Elwood D. |last2=Beyan|first2=Amos J. |last3=Burrowes|first3=Carl Patrick |title=Historical Dictionary of Liberia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qt0_RrW8ghkC&pg=PA115|date=20 December 2000|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-1-4616-5931-0|page=115}}</ref> A shekarun baya, an zargi kamfanin da gurɓata kogin.<ref name="Büttikofer">{{cite journal |last1=Büttikofer |first1=J. |year=1889 |title=Zoological researches in Liberia. Fourth list of Birds |journal=Notes from the Leyden Museum |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=113–138 |url=http://www.narcis.nl/publication/RecordID/oai:naturalis.nl:509230 |author-link=Johann Büttikofer}}</ref> [[Fayil:ASC_Leiden_-_F._van_der_Kraaij_Collection_-_14_-_44_-_The_broad_Farmington_River_-_Firestone_Plantation,_Harbel,_Margibi_County_(then_Marshall_County),_Liberia_-_1977-1978.tif|left|thumb|Kogin Farmington kusa da Firestone Plantation, Harbel, Gundumar Margibi (a lokacin Gundumar Marshall), Laberiya, 1977-1978.]] == Manazarta == nn3kq7zybu3ucb1cbpzzwxmqz0vhx9l 842739 842737 2026-05-29T20:01:41Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842739 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Farmington''' kogi ne a [[Laberiya|Liberia]].<ref name="Büttikofer">{{cite journal |last1=Büttikofer |first1=J. |year=1889 |title=Zoological researches in Liberia. Fourth list of Birds |journal=Notes from the Leyden Museum |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=113–138 |url=http://www.narcis.nl/publication/RecordID/oai:naturalis.nl:509230 |author-link=Johann Büttikofer}}</ref> Yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] kusa da garin Marshall.<ref name="BBC">{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Liberia rubber pollution denied |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6615715.stm |newspaper=BBC News |date=2 May 2007 |access-date=17 January 2017}}</ref> Kogin Farmington, [[Junk River|Kogin Junk]], da [[Gbage River|Kogin Gbage]] sun haɗu kusa da gabar tekun Atlantika don samar da magudanar ruwa.<ref name=Britannica>{{cite web |url=https://global.britannica.com/place/Farmington-River |title=Farmington River |date=20 June 1998 |work=Encyclopædia Britannica |accessdate=17 January 2017}}</ref> Wasu majiyoyi sun nuna cewa kogin da ya isa teku shine Kogin Farmington, yayin da Kogin Junk shine magudanar ruwa.<ref name=Britannica-1911>{{cite web |url=https://global.britannica.com/place/Farmington-River |title=Liberia |date= |work=1911 Encyclopædia Britannica |accessdate=17 January 2017}}</ref> Wasu kuma, galibi tsoffin majiyoyi suna nuna akasin haka.<ref name="Büttikofer">{{cite journal |last1=Büttikofer |first1=J. |year=1889 |title=Zoological researches in Liberia. Fourth list of Birds |journal=Notes from the Leyden Museum |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=113–138 |url=http://www.narcis.nl/publication/RecordID/oai:naturalis.nl:509230 |author-link=Johann Büttikofer}}</ref> Kamfanin Rubber na Firestone Natural ya kafa gonakin roba a gefen Kogin Farmington a shekarar 1926.<ref name="Church 1969">{{cite journal|last1=Church|first1=R. J. H.|title=The Firestone Rubber Plantations in Liberia|journal=Geography|date=1969|volume=54|issue=4|pages=430–437 |jstor=40567142}}</ref> Kamfanin ya gina tashar wutar lantarki ta Firestone, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1942, don hidimar gonar da masana'antar da ke da alaƙa da ita.<ref name="Dunn et al. 2000">{{cite book|last1=Dunn|first1=Elwood D. |last2=Beyan|first2=Amos J. |last3=Burrowes|first3=Carl Patrick |title=Historical Dictionary of Liberia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qt0_RrW8ghkC&pg=PA115|date=20 December 2000|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-1-4616-5931-0|page=115}}</ref> A shekarun baya, an zargi kamfanin da gurɓata kogin.<ref name="Büttikofer">{{cite journal |last1=Büttikofer |first1=J. |year=1889 |title=Zoological researches in Liberia. Fourth list of Birds |journal=Notes from the Leyden Museum |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=113–138 |url=http://www.narcis.nl/publication/RecordID/oai:naturalis.nl:509230 |author-link=Johann Büttikofer}}</ref> [[Fayil:ASC_Leiden_-_F._van_der_Kraaij_Collection_-_14_-_44_-_The_broad_Farmington_River_-_Firestone_Plantation,_Harbel,_Margibi_County_(then_Marshall_County),_Liberia_-_1977-1978.tif|left|thumb|Kogin Farmington kusa da Firestone Plantation, Harbel, Gundumar Margibi (a lokacin Gundumar Marshall), Laberiya, 1977-1978.]] == Manazarta == eyx3rydo4h18vyg3ayvrat25yd12sxe 0 153199 842735 2026-05-29T19:57:23Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | clubname = Pepperest Sports Management and Academy | fullname = Pepperest Sports Management and Academy | nickname = PSMA | founded = 2024 | ground = Sabbath Football Pitch | capacity = | chairman = Dafe Louis Ayiyan-Ohwofachor | manager = | league = N-Youth League Cup | website = {{URL|https://pepperestsocceracademy.org}} | pattern_la1 = | pattern_b1 = | pattern_ra1 = | leftarm1 = | body1 = | rightarm1 = | shorts1 = | socks1 = }} '''Pepperes... 842735 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | clubname = Pepperest Sports Management and Academy | fullname = Pepperest Sports Management and Academy | nickname = PSMA | founded = 2024 | ground = Sabbath Football Pitch | capacity = | chairman = Dafe Louis Ayiyan-Ohwofachor | manager = | league = N-Youth League Cup | website = {{URL|https://pepperestsocceracademy.org}} | pattern_la1 = | pattern_b1 = | pattern_ra1 = | leftarm1 = | body1 = | rightarm1 = | shorts1 = | socks1 = }} '''Pepperest Sports Management and Academy''' (wanda ake kira '''PSMA''') wata makarantar koyon ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Najeriya da ke da hedikwata a jihar Abia tare da wasu ofisoshi a Delta State da kuma ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu. An kafa makarantar ne domin gano da bunƙasa matasan ‘yan wasa masu shekaru tsakanin 13 zuwa 18 tare da samar musu hanyoyin shiga manyan lig-lig na duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pepperestsocceracademy.org/about-us/ |title=About Us – Pepperest Sports Management and Academy |website=Pepperest Soccer Academy |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pepperestsocceracademy.com/ |title=Academy – Pepperest Sports Management & Academy |website=Pepperest Soccer Academy |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Makarantar ta bayyana cewa manufarta ita ce haɓaka matasan ‘yan ƙwallon ƙafa musamman daga yankin Delta State da sauran sassan Najeriya ta hanyar horaswa, tarbiyya da kuma nuna su ga kungiyoyin ƙasashen waje. Haka kuma tana aiki wajen haɗa kai da cibiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na Turai domin samar wa ‘yan wasa damar taka leda a matakin ƙwararru.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pepperestsocceracademy.org/ |title=Pepperest Sports Management and Academy – Welcome to Pepperest Sports Management and Academy [PSMA] |website=Pepperest Soccer Academy |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> A cewar bayanan kungiyar, shugaban makarantar shi ne '''Dafe Louis Ayiyan-Ohwofachor''', wanda yake jagorantar harkokin gudanarwa da ci gaban makarantar. Makarantar ta kuma nada tsohon ɗan wasan Najeriya '''Emenike Ezeugo''' a matsayin daraktan fasaha. Ezeugo ya taɓa bugawa kungiyoyi irin su Sharks FC, Lobi Stars, Kwara United, Warri Wolves da Bayelsa United sannan ya wakilci Najeriya a matakan ‘yan ƙasa da shekaru 17 da 20 da kuma tawagar CHAN Eagles ta 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pepperestsocceracademy.org/about-us/ |title=About Us – Pepperest Sports Management and Academy |website=Pepperest Soccer Academy |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Mista '''Victor Odairi''' ne ke riƙe da mukamin daraktan wasanni na makarantar. Shi tsohon mai tsaron gida ne wanda ya taka leda a gasar Najeriya a shekarun 1990, sannan daga baya ya shiga harkokin gudanar da wasanni da ayyukan cigaban matasa ta hanyar kungiyoyi da gidauniyoyi daban-daban.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pepperestsocceracademy.org/about-us/ |title=About Us – Pepperest Sports Management and Academy |website=Pepperest Soccer Academy |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Pepperest Sports Management and Academy tana daga cikin kungiyoyin da suka shiga gasar '''N-Youth League Cup''' a Najeriya. Bayanan gasar sun nuna cewa kungiyar tana amfani da filin wasa na Sabbath Football Pitch da ke Ubakala a karamar hukumar Umuahia South ta jihar Abia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nylc.ng/club/psma-pepperest-sports-management-and-academy/overview |title=PSMA - Pepperest Sports Management and Academy Overview |website=N-Youth League Cup |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Makarantar tana gudanar da shirye-shiryen horaswa da gano hazikan ‘yan wasa daga sassa daban-daban na Najeriya, tare da mai da hankali kan ci gaban fasaha, dabarun wasa da kuma horo na ɗabi’a domin shirya matasa zuwa matakin ƙwararrun ‘yan ƙwallon ƙafa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pepperestsocceracademy.com/ |title=Academy – Pepperest Sports Management & Academy |website=Pepperest Soccer Academy |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://pepperestsocceracademy.org Official website] * [https://www.nylc.ng/club/psma-pepperest-sports-management-and-academy/overview Profile on N-Youth League Cup] [[Category:Football academies in Nigeria]] [[Category:Football clubs in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sports organizations established in 2024]] [[Category:2024 establishments in Nigeria]] gf3nrbmnqsm186myyvip2wfyp9g3wx3 0 153200 842740 2026-05-29T20:18:26Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1303340726|Saint Paul River]]" 842740 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Saint Paul''' kogi ne na yammacin [[Afirka]]. Mafarinsa yana kudu maso gabashin [[Gini|Guinea]]. Babban yankinsa a Guinea ana kiransa '''Kogin Diani''' ko '''Kogin Niandi''', kuma yana cikin iyakar da ke tsakanin Guinea da [[Laberiya|Liberia]]. Mutanen Gola a Liberia sun san shi da '''Du'''. Sai kogin ya shiga Liberia kimanin {{Convert|50|km|mi}} arewacin [[Gbarnga]] kuma ta ratsa Laberiya a kudu maso yamma. Tana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] a Cape Mesurado a [[Monrovia]] kusa da Tsibirin Bushrod, ta raba Monrovia da yankin Brewerville da ke kewaye da ita. == Tarihi == Masu binciken ruwa na Portugal ne suka sanya wa kogin suna a ƙarni na 15, waɗanda suka fara ganin kogin a ranar bikin [[Bulus Manzo|St. Paul]]. Kogin ya zama muhimmi ga [[TARIHIN BAUTAR BAYI|cinikin bayi]]: Robert Bostock ya kafa masana'anta a nan. Saboda ƙasar da ke kewaye da [[Monrovia]], [[Laberiya|Liberia]] ba ta da kyau kuma yankunan bakin teku sun mamaye dazuzzuka masu yawa, yawancin 'yan asalin [[Afirkawan Amurka|Afirka-Amurkawa]] na farko da suka yi ƙaura zuwa Laberiya a ƙarni na 19 sun ƙaura zuwa Kogin St. Paul da ke kusa, inda suka sami ƙasar da ta dace da noma. A can suka kafa ƙananan matsugunai. Haka kuma, masu wa'azin Lutheran na Amurka sun kafa Tashar Mishan ta Muhlenberg a gefen kogin, inda suka koyar da yara fannoni daban-daban na ilimi, ƙwarewar fasaha/noma (musamman noman kofi), da kuma koyarwar addini. David A. Day ya gabatar da jirgin ruwa mai tururi zuwa kogin don dalilai na kasuwanci da tafiye-tafiye. Ɗaliban makarantar sun gina shi. == Duba kuma == * Aikin Samar da Wutar Lantarki a Dutsen Kofi * {{Interlanguage link|Saint Paul Bridge (Monrovia)|de}} '''Janaral:''' * Jerin kogunan Liberia == Manazarta == Saint John River (Liberia)Saint Paul RiverSaint John River (Liberia)Farmington River (Liberia)Saint John River (Liberia)Saint Paul RiverSaint Paul River 2h9dii8o7dtrvf4r3la26pdn7x6dzxb 842741 842740 2026-05-29T20:18:57Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842741 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Saint Paul''' kogi ne na yammacin [[Afirka]]. Mafarinsa yana kudu maso gabashin [[Gini|Guinea]]. Babban yankinsa a Guinea ana kiransa '''Kogin Diani''' ko '''Kogin Niandi''', kuma yana cikin iyakar da ke tsakanin Guinea da [[Laberiya|Liberia]]. Mutanen Gola a Liberia sun san shi da '''Du'''. Sai kogin ya shiga Liberia kimanin {{Convert|50|km|mi}} arewacin [[Gbarnga]] kuma ta ratsa Laberiya a kudu maso yamma. Tana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] a Cape Mesurado a [[Monrovia]] kusa da Tsibirin Bushrod, ta raba Monrovia da yankin Brewerville da ke kewaye da ita. == Tarihi == Masu binciken ruwa na Portugal ne suka sanya wa kogin suna a ƙarni na 15, waɗanda suka fara ganin kogin a ranar bikin [[Bulus Manzo|St. Paul]]. Kogin ya zama muhimmi ga [[TARIHIN BAUTAR BAYI|cinikin bayi]]: Robert Bostock ya kafa masana'anta a nan. Saboda ƙasar da ke kewaye da [[Monrovia]], [[Laberiya|Liberia]] ba ta da kyau kuma yankunan bakin teku sun mamaye dazuzzuka masu yawa, yawancin 'yan asalin [[Afirkawan Amurka|Afirka-Amurkawa]] na farko da suka yi ƙaura zuwa Laberiya a ƙarni na 19 sun ƙaura zuwa Kogin St. Paul da ke kusa, inda suka sami ƙasar da ta dace da noma. A can suka kafa ƙananan matsugunai. Haka kuma, masu wa'azin Lutheran na Amurka sun kafa Tashar Mishan ta Muhlenberg a gefen kogin, inda suka koyar da yara fannoni daban-daban na ilimi, ƙwarewar fasaha/noma (musamman noman kofi), da kuma koyarwar addini. David A. Day ya gabatar da jirgin ruwa mai tururi zuwa kogin don dalilai na kasuwanci da tafiye-tafiye. Ɗaliban makarantar sun gina shi. == Duba kuma == * Aikin Samar da Wutar Lantarki a Dutsen Kofi * {{Interlanguage link|Saint Paul Bridge (Monrovia)|de}} '''Janaral:''' * Jerin kogunan Liberia == Manazarta == 7gdflmt0og026yw0vxhkyfoy9bxq77k 842742 842741 2026-05-29T20:21:11Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842742 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Saint Paul''' kogi ne na yammacin [[Afirka]]. Mafarinsa yana kudu maso gabashin [[Gini|Guinea]].<ref name="River Basins">{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins|access-date=2024-01-29|archive-date=2024-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117234333/http://twap-rivers.org/indicators/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Babban yankinsa a Guinea ana kiransa '''Kogin Diani''' ko '''Kogin Niandi''', kuma yana cikin iyakar da ke tsakanin Guinea da [[Laberiya|Liberia]]. Mutanen Gola a Liberia sun san shi da '''Du'''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dunn|first1= Elwood D.|last2=Beyan|first2=Amos J.|last3=Burrowes|first3=Carl Patrick|date=2000|title=Historical Dictionary of Liberia |trans-title=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qt0_RrW8ghkC|language=English |location= |isbn=|page=287}}</ref> Sai kogin ya shiga Liberia kimanin {{Convert|50|km|mi}} arewacin [[Gbarnga]] kuma ta ratsa Laberiya a kudu maso yamma. Tana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] a Cape Mesurado a [[Monrovia]] kusa da Tsibirin Bushrod, ta raba Monrovia da yankin Brewerville da ke kewaye da ita. == Tarihi == Masu binciken ruwa na Portugal ne suka sanya wa kogin suna a ƙarni na 15, waɗanda suka fara ganin kogin a ranar bikin [[Bulus Manzo|St. Paul]]. Kogin ya zama muhimmi ga [[TARIHIN BAUTAR BAYI|cinikin bayi]]: Robert Bostock ya kafa masana'anta a nan. Saboda ƙasar da ke kewaye da [[Monrovia]], [[Laberiya|Liberia]] ba ta da kyau kuma yankunan bakin teku sun mamaye dazuzzuka masu yawa, yawancin 'yan asalin [[Afirkawan Amurka|Afirka-Amurkawa]] na farko da suka yi ƙaura zuwa Laberiya a ƙarni na 19 sun ƙaura zuwa Kogin St. Paul da ke kusa, inda suka sami ƙasar da ta dace da noma. A can suka kafa ƙananan matsugunai. Haka kuma, masu wa'azin Lutheran na Amurka sun kafa Tashar Mishan ta Muhlenberg a gefen kogin, inda suka koyar da yara fannoni daban-daban na ilimi, ƙwarewar fasaha/noma (musamman noman kofi), da kuma koyarwar addini. David A. Day ya gabatar da jirgin ruwa mai tururi zuwa kogin don dalilai na kasuwanci da tafiye-tafiye. Ɗaliban makarantar sun gina shi. == Duba kuma == * Aikin Samar da Wutar Lantarki a Dutsen Kofi * {{Interlanguage link|Saint Paul Bridge (Monrovia)|de}} '''Janaral:''' * Jerin kogunan Liberia == Manazarta == mlvsdb825xqp8bgze4j68s2o8g8kw60 842743 842742 2026-05-29T20:22:15Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Tarihi */ 842743 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Saint Paul''' kogi ne na yammacin [[Afirka]]. Mafarinsa yana kudu maso gabashin [[Gini|Guinea]].<ref name="River Basins">{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins|access-date=2024-01-29|archive-date=2024-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117234333/http://twap-rivers.org/indicators/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Babban yankinsa a Guinea ana kiransa '''Kogin Diani''' ko '''Kogin Niandi''', kuma yana cikin iyakar da ke tsakanin Guinea da [[Laberiya|Liberia]]. Mutanen Gola a Liberia sun san shi da '''Du'''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dunn|first1= Elwood D.|last2=Beyan|first2=Amos J.|last3=Burrowes|first3=Carl Patrick|date=2000|title=Historical Dictionary of Liberia |trans-title=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qt0_RrW8ghkC|language=English |location= |isbn=|page=287}}</ref> Sai kogin ya shiga Liberia kimanin {{Convert|50|km|mi}} arewacin [[Gbarnga]] kuma ta ratsa Laberiya a kudu maso yamma. Tana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] a Cape Mesurado a [[Monrovia]] kusa da Tsibirin Bushrod, ta raba Monrovia da yankin Brewerville da ke kewaye da ita. == Tarihi == Masu binciken ruwa na Portugal ne suka sanya wa kogin suna a ƙarni na 15, waɗanda suka fara ganin kogin a ranar bikin [[Bulus Manzo|St. Paul]]. Kogin ya zama muhimmi ga [[TARIHIN BAUTAR BAYI|cinikin bayi]]: Robert Bostock ya kafa masana'anta a nan. Saboda ƙasar da ke kewaye da [[Monrovia]], [[Laberiya|Liberia]] ba ta da kyau kuma yankunan bakin teku sun mamaye dazuzzuka masu yawa, yawancin 'yan asalin [[Afirkawan Amurka|Afirka-Amurkawa]] na farko da suka yi ƙaura zuwa Laberiya a ƙarni na 19 sun ƙaura zuwa Kogin St. Paul da ke kusa, inda suka sami ƙasar da ta dace da noma.<ref>[https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/afam004.html Library Of Congress, "Personal Stories and ACS New Directions"]</ref> A can suka kafa ƙananan matsugunai. Haka kuma, masu wa'azin Lutheran na Amurka sun kafa Tashar Mishan ta Muhlenberg a gefen kogin, inda suka koyar da yara fannoni daban-daban na ilimi, ƙwarewar fasaha/noma (musamman noman kofi), da kuma koyarwar addini. David A. Day ya gabatar da jirgin ruwa mai tururi zuwa kogin don dalilai na kasuwanci da tafiye-tafiye. Ɗaliban makarantar sun gina shi.<ref>Harold Vink Whetstone, Lutheran Mission in Liberia, (Board of Foreign Missions of the United Lutheran Church in America, 1955), pp. 24-51; George Scholl, D.D., "David A. Day," in Missionary Heroes of the Lutheran Church, ed. Luther B. Wolf (Lutheran Publication Society, 1911), pp. 199-219.</ref> == Duba kuma == * Aikin Samar da Wutar Lantarki a Dutsen Kofi * {{Interlanguage link|Saint Paul Bridge (Monrovia)|de}} '''Janaral:''' * Jerin kogunan Liberia == Manazarta == kqh3brtx2uwntaifq2n0rteejvxgp6t 842744 842743 2026-05-29T20:23:49Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842744 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Saint Paul''' kogi ne na yammacin [[Afirka]]. Mafarinsa yana kudu maso gabashin [[Gini|Guinea]].<ref name="River Basins">{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins|access-date=2024-01-29|archive-date=2024-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117234333/http://twap-rivers.org/indicators/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Babban yankinsa a Guinea ana kiransa '''Kogin Diani''' ko '''Kogin Niandi''', kuma yana cikin iyakar da ke tsakanin Guinea da [[Laberiya|Liberia]]. Mutanen Gola a Liberia sun san shi da '''Du'''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dunn|first1= Elwood D.|last2=Beyan|first2=Amos J.|last3=Burrowes|first3=Carl Patrick|date=2000|title=Historical Dictionary of Liberia |trans-title=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qt0_RrW8ghkC|language=English |location= |isbn=|page=287}}</ref> Sai kogin ya shiga Liberia kimanin {{Convert|50|km|mi}} arewacin [[Gbarnga]] kuma ta ratsa Laberiya a kudu maso yamma. Tana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] a Cape Mesurado a [[Monrovia]] kusa da Tsibirin Bushrod, ta raba Monrovia da yankin Brewerville da ke kewaye da ita. == Tarihi == Masu binciken ruwa na Portugal ne suka sanya wa kogin suna a ƙarni na 15, waɗanda suka fara ganin kogin a ranar bikin [[Bulus Manzo|St. Paul]]. Kogin ya zama muhimmi ga [[TARIHIN BAUTAR BAYI|cinikin bayi]]: Robert Bostock ya kafa masana'anta a nan. Saboda ƙasar da ke kewaye da [[Monrovia]], [[Laberiya|Liberia]] ba ta da kyau kuma yankunan bakin teku sun mamaye dazuzzuka masu yawa, yawancin 'yan asalin [[Afirkawan Amurka|Afirka-Amurkawa]] na farko da suka yi ƙaura zuwa Laberiya a ƙarni na 19 sun ƙaura zuwa Kogin St. Paul da ke kusa, inda suka sami ƙasar da ta dace da noma.<ref>[https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/afam004.html Library Of Congress, "Personal Stories and ACS New Directions"]</ref> A can suka kafa ƙananan matsugunai. Haka kuma, masu wa'azin Lutheran na Amurka sun kafa Tashar Mishan ta Muhlenberg a gefen kogin, inda suka koyar da yara fannoni daban-daban na ilimi, ƙwarewar fasaha/noma (musamman noman kofi), da kuma koyarwar addini. David A. Day ya gabatar da jirgin ruwa mai tururi zuwa kogin don dalilai na kasuwanci da tafiye-tafiye. Ɗaliban makarantar sun gina shi.<ref>Harold Vink Whetstone, Lutheran Mission in Liberia, (Board of Foreign Missions of the United Lutheran Church in America, 1955), pp. 24-51; George Scholl, D.D., "David A. Day," in Missionary Heroes of the Lutheran Church, ed. Luther B. Wolf (Lutheran Publication Society, 1911), pp. 199-219.</ref> == Duba kuma == * Aikin Samar da Wutar Lantarki a Dutsen Kofi * {{Interlanguage link|Saint Paul Bridge (Monrovia)|de}} '''Janaral:''' * Jerin kogunan Liberia == Manazarta == 5akgwqi6lbfi0st222o5mqqipfr6zsi 0 153201 842746 2026-05-29T20:35:55Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355153405|Canal of the Pharaohs]]" 842746 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madatsar ruwan Fir'auna''', wanda kuma ake kira '''Tsohon Madatsar ruwan Suez''' ko '''Madatsar ruwan Necho''' ko '''Madatsar ruwan Darius''', shine farkon [[Suez canal|madatsar ruwan Suez]], wanda aka gina a zamanin da kuma ana ci gaba da amfani da shi, tare da hutu, har sai da aka rufe shi a shekara ta 767 AD saboda dalilai na dabaru a lokacin tawaye. Ya bi wani tafarki daban da na zamani, ta hanyar haɗa [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] da [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]] ta hanyar Wadi Tumilat . Aikin ya fara ne a ƙarƙashin [[Fir'auna]] . A cewar Rubutun Suez na Darius Mai Girma da Herodotus, farkon buɗe madatsar ruwan ya kasance ƙarƙashin sarkin [[Daular Achaemenid|Farisa]] Darius Mai Girma, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lendering |first=Jona |author-link=Jona Lendering |title=Darius' Suez Inscriptions |url=https://www.livius.org/aa-ac/achaemenians/DZ.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226144032/http://www.livius.org/aa-ac/achaemenians/DZ.html |archive-date=26 December 2016 |access-date=18 May 2011 |publisher=Livius.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Munn-Rankin |first=J.M. |author-link=Margaret Munn-Rankin |year=2011 |title=Darius I |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/151591/Darius-I/1715/Darius-as-an-administrator |access-date=18 May 2011 |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]}}</ref> amma daga baya marubutan da suka gabata kamar [[Aristotle]], [[Strabo]], da [[Pliny Babba|Pliny the Elder]] sun yi iƙirarin cewa ya kasa kammala aikin. Wata yuwuwar kuma ita ce an gama shi a zamanin Ptolemaic a ƙarƙashin Ptolemy II, lokacin da [[injiniyoyi]] suka magance matsalar shawo kan bambancin tsayi ta hanyar makullan madatsar ruwa . == Ayyukan Masar da Farisa == Aƙalla tun zamanin Aristotle, akwai shawarwari da ke nuna cewa wataƙila tun farkon Daular 12, Fir'auna [[Senusret na III|Senusret na Uku]] (1878–1839 BC), wanda Girkawa ke kira Sesostris, wataƙila ya fara magudanar ruwa da ta haɗu da Kogin Nilu da Tekun Ja. A cikin littafinsa na ''Meteorology'', Aristotle ya rubuta:<blockquote>Ɗaya daga cikin sarakunansu ya yi ƙoƙarin yin magudanar ruwa zuwa gare shi (domin da ba ƙaramin amfani ba ne a gare su idan yankin ya zama mai sauƙin tafiya; an ce Sesostris shi ne farkon sarakunan da suka gwada), amma ya gano cewa teku ta fi ƙasa tsayi. Don haka shi da farko, da kuma Darius daga baya, suka daina yin magudanar ruwa, don kada teku ta gauraya da ruwan kogin ta lalata shi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Meteorology (1.15) |url=https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/a/aristotle/meteorology/book1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011014050/https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/a/aristotle/meteorology/book1.html |archive-date=11 October 2018 |access-date=26 August 2009}}</ref></blockquote>Strabo ya kuma rubuta cewa Sesostris ya fara gina magudanar ruwa, kamar yadda Pliny the Elder ya yi (duba ambato a ƙasa). <ref name="Healey">The Elder Pliny and John Healey ''Natural History'' (6.33.165) Penguin Classics; Reprint edition (5 Feb 2004) {{ISBN|978-0-14-044413-1}} p.70 </ref> Duk da haka, wataƙila an fara yanke magudanar ruwa ko kuma aƙalla an fara shi ne a lokacin Necho II (r. 610–595 BC), a ƙarshen ƙarni na 7 BC, kuma ko dai an sake haƙa shi ko kuma wataƙila Darius Mai Girma (r. 550–486 BC) ya kammala shi. Majiyoyin gargajiya ba su yarda da lokacin da aka kammala shi ba. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Rubuce-rubucen Suez na Darius the Great sun ƙunshi abubuwan tarihi guda biyar na Masar, ciki har da Chalouf Stele, <ref>William Matthew Flinders Petrie, ''A History of Egypt''. Volume 3: From the XIXth to the XXXth Dynasties, Adamant Media Corporation, {{ISBN|0-543-99326-4}}, p. 366</ref> waɗanda ke tunawa da ginawa da kammala magudanar ruwa da ta haɗa Kogin Nilu da Tekun Ja ta hannun Darius na I na [[Iran|Farisa]] . <ref>Barbara Watterson (1997), ''The Egyptians'', Blackwell Publishing, {{ISBN|0-631-21195-0}}, p.186</ref> Suna nan a gefen magudanar ruwa ta Darius ta kwarin Wadi Tumilat kuma wataƙila sun rubuta sassan magudanar ruwa. A rabin na biyu na ƙarni na 19, masu zane-zane na Faransa sun gano ragowar ɓangaren arewa-kudu na magudanar ruwa ta Darius ta gefen gabas na [[Tafkin Timsah]] kuma ta ƙare kusa da ƙarshen arewa na [[Babban Tafkin Mai Bitter|Babban Tafkin Bitter]] . == Ayyukan Girka, Roman da Musulunci == Bayan mutuwar [[Alakszandira|Alexander Mai Girma]], Janar Ptolemy ya sami iko a Masar, ya ayyana kansa Fir'auna kuma ya fara daular Ptolemaic . Ɗansa, shugaban wannan daular na biyu, Ptolemy na biyu ya sake fara aikin magudanar ruwa, amma kuma ya tsaya saboda bambancin matakin ruwa. Duk da haka, Diodorus ya ba da rahoton cewa Ptolemy na biyu ne ya kammala shi bayan an sanya masa makullin ruwa . Wasu suna yaba wa Ptolemy na Biyu da cewa shi ne farkon wanda ya magance matsalar hana kogin Nilu shiga ruwan gishiri lokacin da injiniyoyinsa suka ƙirƙiro makullin a kusan shekara ta 274/273 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. <ref>Gmirkin, Russell ''Berossus and Genesis, Manetho and Exodus: Hellenistic Histories and the Date of the Pentateuch'' T.& T.Clark Ltd (24 Aug 2006) {{ISBN|978-0-567-02592-0}} p.236</ref> [[Fayil:Fortress_of_Babylon,_built_by_Diocletian_300_CE;_Old_Cairo_(4)_(52086142797).jpg|thumb|Ragowar wani babban hasumiya mai zagaye a sansanin Babila ( [[Tsohuwar Alkahira|Tsohon Alkahira]] na yanzu), wanda Diocletian ya gina a ƙarni na 3 AD don kare ƙofar mashigar ruwa ta Romawa a kan Kogin Nilu]] Sarki Trajan na Roma ne ya sake gina magudanar ruwan, {{Sfn|Raymond|2000}} wanda ya motsa bakinsa a kan kogin Nilu zuwa kudu zuwa abin da yanzu ake kira [[Tsohuwar Alkahira|Tsohon Alkahira]], ya kuma sanya masa suna {{Lang|lt|Amnis Traianus}} bayan kansa. {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} An gano ragowar manyan bangon dutse da suka gina ƙofar shiga magudanar ruwa ta Trajan a ƙarƙashin Cocin Coptic na Saint Sergius na yanzu da Cocin Coptic na Saint George. {{Sfn|Gabra|van Loon|Reif|Swelim|2013}} {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} Bangon yana da {{Convert|6|m|ft}} mai kauri kuma an saita su {{Convert|40|m|ft}} a gefe. {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} Inda magudanar ruwa ta haɗu da Kogin Nilu, Trajan ta gina tashar jiragen ruwa da katanga, wanda Diocletian ya faɗaɗa a ƙarni na 3 AD tare da gina sansanin soja na Babila na yanzu. {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} A ƙarni na 2 AD, Claudius Ptolemy ya kira magudanar ruwa a matsayin "Kogin Trajan". {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} sansanin soja na Diocletian ya rufe ƙofar kogin Nilu ta magudanar ruwa kuma ya kare ta a kowane gefe. Magudanar ruwa ta ratsa tsakanin manyan hasumiyai biyu masu zagaye sannan ta ratsa tsakiyar sansanin soja. {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} A ƙarni na baya, an toshe wannan ƙofar da sabon bango da aka gina tsakanin hasumiyai. {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} Magudanar ruwan tana da wahalar kulawa, kuma a lokacin da Musulmai suka ci nasara a shekarar 641 AD, ta daina amfani da ita kuma ta lalace. {{Sfn|Raymond|2000}} Littattafan Musulunci sun yi magana game da magudanar ruwan, wanda suka ce an lalata ta, amma 'Amr ibn al-'As, kwamandan rundunar Musulmi a Masar, ya sake buɗe ta a shekarar 641 ko 642 AD. An haƙa sabuwar magudanar ruwan da Amr ya haƙa a arewa, inda ya haɗu da Kogin Nilu kusa da abin da yanzu ake kira unguwar Sayyada Zaynab ta Alkahira. {{Sfn|Raymond|2000}} Haɗinsa da Tekun Ja ya kasance a buɗe har zuwa 767, lokacin da aka rufe shi don hana kayayyaki isa [[Makkah|Makka]] da [[Madinah|Madina]], waɗanda ke cikin tawaye . <ref name="Redmount, Carol A 1995 pp. 127-135" /> Sauran sashin magudanar ruwan kusa da Kogin Nilu, wanda aka sani da <nowiki><i id="mw5g">Khalij</i></nowiki>, ya ci gaba da yin aiki na gida a matsayin wani ɓangare na kayayyakin more rayuwa na ruwa na Alkahira har zuwa ƙarshen shekarun 1890, lokacin da aka cika shi gaba ɗaya aka mayar da shi abin da yanzu ake kira Titin Port Said. == Bayan haka == Bayan haka, hanyoyin ƙasa zuwa kayan ayarin raƙuma sun kasance daga Alexandria zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Tekun Ja ko kuma hanyar siliki ta Byzantine ta arewacin tsaunukan Caucasus waɗanda ke ratsa [[Tekun Caspian]] sannan zuwa [[Indiya]] . Bayan gano hanyar teku kai tsaye zuwa Indiya ta hanyar [[Cape of Good Hope]] da Portugal ta gano, mutanen Venetian da Mamluks sun yi shawarwari da juna don samar da kuɗaɗen gina sabuwar magudanar ruwa domin rage tasirin cinikin Portugal. Duk da haka, mamayar da Ottoman ta yi wa Masar da Selim I da kuma mamaye ta daga baya ya kawo ƙarshen duk wani fata ga Venice ta ci gaba da mamaye harkokin kasuwancinta a Bahar Rum. Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Babban Vizier na Daular Ottoman daga 1565 zuwa 1579, shi ma ya yi tunanin gina sabon magudanar ruwa don rage mamayar Portugal a Tekun Indiya da kuma haɗa rundunar sojojin ruwan Ottoman da aka raba a Tekun Bahar Rum da Tekun Indiya, amma an ɗauke shi da tsada sosai don ginawa kuma an soke shi. {{Reflist}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ns15366qfy9joi6z32e69tip77vong9 842747 842746 2026-05-29T20:36:29Z Engineer014 44591 842747 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Madatsar ruwan Fir'auna''', wanda kuma ake kira '''Tsohon Madatsar ruwan Suez''' ko '''Madatsar ruwan Necho''' ko '''Madatsar ruwan Darius''', shine farkon [[Suez canal|madatsar ruwan Suez]], wanda aka gina a zamanin da kuma ana ci gaba da amfani da shi, tare da hutu, har sai da aka rufe shi a shekara ta 767 AD saboda dalilai na dabaru a lokacin tawaye. Ya bi wani tafarki daban da na zamani, ta hanyar haɗa [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] da [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]] ta hanyar Wadi Tumilat . Aikin ya fara ne a ƙarƙashin [[Fir'auna]] . A cewar Rubutun Suez na Darius Mai Girma da Herodotus, farkon buɗe madatsar ruwan ya kasance ƙarƙashin sarkin [[Daular Achaemenid|Farisa]] Darius Mai Girma, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lendering |first=Jona |author-link=Jona Lendering |title=Darius' Suez Inscriptions |url=https://www.livius.org/aa-ac/achaemenians/DZ.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226144032/http://www.livius.org/aa-ac/achaemenians/DZ.html |archive-date=26 December 2016 |access-date=18 May 2011 |publisher=Livius.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Munn-Rankin |first=J.M. |author-link=Margaret Munn-Rankin |year=2011 |title=Darius I |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/151591/Darius-I/1715/Darius-as-an-administrator |access-date=18 May 2011 |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]}}</ref> amma daga baya marubutan da suka gabata kamar [[Aristotle]], [[Strabo]], da [[Pliny Babba|Pliny the Elder]] sun yi iƙirarin cewa ya kasa kammala aikin. Wata yuwuwar kuma ita ce an gama shi a zamanin Ptolemaic a ƙarƙashin Ptolemy II, lokacin da [[injiniyoyi]] suka magance matsalar shawo kan bambancin tsayi ta hanyar makullan madatsar ruwa . == Ayyukan Masar da Farisa == Aƙalla tun zamanin Aristotle, akwai shawarwari da ke nuna cewa wataƙila tun farkon Daular 12, Fir'auna [[Senusret na III|Senusret na Uku]] (1878–1839 BC), wanda Girkawa ke kira Sesostris, wataƙila ya fara magudanar ruwa da ta haɗu da Kogin Nilu da Tekun Ja. A cikin littafinsa na ''Meteorology'', Aristotle ya rubuta:<blockquote>Ɗaya daga cikin sarakunansu ya yi ƙoƙarin yin magudanar ruwa zuwa gare shi (domin da ba ƙaramin amfani ba ne a gare su idan yankin ya zama mai sauƙin tafiya; an ce Sesostris shi ne farkon sarakunan da suka gwada), amma ya gano cewa teku ta fi ƙasa tsayi. Don haka shi da farko, da kuma Darius daga baya, suka daina yin magudanar ruwa, don kada teku ta gauraya da ruwan kogin ta lalata shi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Meteorology (1.15) |url=https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/a/aristotle/meteorology/book1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011014050/https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/a/aristotle/meteorology/book1.html |archive-date=11 October 2018 |access-date=26 August 2009}}</ref></blockquote>Strabo ya kuma rubuta cewa Sesostris ya fara gina magudanar ruwa, kamar yadda Pliny the Elder ya yi (duba ambato a ƙasa). <ref name="Healey">The Elder Pliny and John Healey ''Natural History'' (6.33.165) Penguin Classics; Reprint edition (5 Feb 2004) {{ISBN|978-0-14-044413-1}} p.70 </ref> Duk da haka, wataƙila an fara yanke magudanar ruwa ko kuma aƙalla an fara shi ne a lokacin Necho II (r. 610–595 BC), a ƙarshen ƙarni na 7 BC, kuma ko dai an sake haƙa shi ko kuma wataƙila Darius Mai Girma (r. 550–486 BC) ya kammala shi. Majiyoyin gargajiya ba su yarda da lokacin da aka kammala shi ba. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Rubuce-rubucen Suez na Darius the Great sun ƙunshi abubuwan tarihi guda biyar na Masar, ciki har da Chalouf Stele, <ref>William Matthew Flinders Petrie, ''A History of Egypt''. Volume 3: From the XIXth to the XXXth Dynasties, Adamant Media Corporation, {{ISBN|0-543-99326-4}}, p. 366</ref> waɗanda ke tunawa da ginawa da kammala magudanar ruwa da ta haɗa Kogin Nilu da Tekun Ja ta hannun Darius na I na [[Iran|Farisa]] . <ref>Barbara Watterson (1997), ''The Egyptians'', Blackwell Publishing, {{ISBN|0-631-21195-0}}, p.186</ref> Suna nan a gefen magudanar ruwa ta Darius ta kwarin Wadi Tumilat kuma wataƙila sun rubuta sassan magudanar ruwa. A rabin na biyu na ƙarni na 19, masu zane-zane na Faransa sun gano ragowar ɓangaren arewa-kudu na magudanar ruwa ta Darius ta gefen gabas na [[Tafkin Timsah]] kuma ta ƙare kusa da ƙarshen arewa na [[Babban Tafkin Mai Bitter|Babban Tafkin Bitter]] . == Ayyukan Girka, Roman da Musulunci == Bayan mutuwar [[Alakszandira|Alexander Mai Girma]], Janar Ptolemy ya sami iko a Masar, ya ayyana kansa Fir'auna kuma ya fara daular Ptolemaic . Ɗansa, shugaban wannan daular na biyu, Ptolemy na biyu ya sake fara aikin magudanar ruwa, amma kuma ya tsaya saboda bambancin matakin ruwa. Duk da haka, Diodorus ya ba da rahoton cewa Ptolemy na biyu ne ya kammala shi bayan an sanya masa makullin ruwa . Wasu suna yaba wa Ptolemy na Biyu da cewa shi ne farkon wanda ya magance matsalar hana kogin Nilu shiga ruwan gishiri lokacin da injiniyoyinsa suka ƙirƙiro makullin a kusan shekara ta 274/273 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. <ref>Gmirkin, Russell ''Berossus and Genesis, Manetho and Exodus: Hellenistic Histories and the Date of the Pentateuch'' T.& T.Clark Ltd (24 Aug 2006) {{ISBN|978-0-567-02592-0}} p.236</ref> [[Fayil:Fortress_of_Babylon,_built_by_Diocletian_300_CE;_Old_Cairo_(4)_(52086142797).jpg|thumb|Ragowar wani babban hasumiya mai zagaye a sansanin Babila ( [[Tsohuwar Alkahira|Tsohon Alkahira]] na yanzu), wanda Diocletian ya gina a ƙarni na 3 AD don kare ƙofar mashigar ruwa ta Romawa a kan Kogin Nilu]] Sarki Trajan na Roma ne ya sake gina magudanar ruwan, {{Sfn|Raymond|2000}} wanda ya motsa bakinsa a kan kogin Nilu zuwa kudu zuwa abin da yanzu ake kira [[Tsohuwar Alkahira|Tsohon Alkahira]], ya kuma sanya masa suna {{Lang|lt|Amnis Traianus}} bayan kansa. {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} An gano ragowar manyan bangon dutse da suka gina ƙofar shiga magudanar ruwa ta Trajan a ƙarƙashin Cocin Coptic na Saint Sergius na yanzu da Cocin Coptic na Saint George. {{Sfn|Gabra|van Loon|Reif|Swelim|2013}} {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} Bangon yana da {{Convert|6|m|ft}} mai kauri kuma an saita su {{Convert|40|m|ft}} a gefe. {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} Inda magudanar ruwa ta haɗu da Kogin Nilu, Trajan ta gina tashar jiragen ruwa da katanga, wanda Diocletian ya faɗaɗa a ƙarni na 3 AD tare da gina sansanin soja na Babila na yanzu. {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} A ƙarni na 2 AD, Claudius Ptolemy ya kira magudanar ruwa a matsayin "Kogin Trajan". {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} sansanin soja na Diocletian ya rufe ƙofar kogin Nilu ta magudanar ruwa kuma ya kare ta a kowane gefe. Magudanar ruwa ta ratsa tsakanin manyan hasumiyai biyu masu zagaye sannan ta ratsa tsakiyar sansanin soja. {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} A ƙarni na baya, an toshe wannan ƙofar da sabon bango da aka gina tsakanin hasumiyai. {{Sfn|Sheehan|2010}} Magudanar ruwan tana da wahalar kulawa, kuma a lokacin da Musulmai suka ci nasara a shekarar 641 AD, ta daina amfani da ita kuma ta lalace. {{Sfn|Raymond|2000}} Littattafan Musulunci sun yi magana game da magudanar ruwan, wanda suka ce an lalata ta, amma 'Amr ibn al-'As, kwamandan rundunar Musulmi a Masar, ya sake buɗe ta a shekarar 641 ko 642 AD. An haƙa sabuwar magudanar ruwan da Amr ya haƙa a arewa, inda ya haɗu da Kogin Nilu kusa da abin da yanzu ake kira unguwar Sayyada Zaynab ta Alkahira. {{Sfn|Raymond|2000}} Haɗinsa da Tekun Ja ya kasance a buɗe har zuwa 767, lokacin da aka rufe shi don hana kayayyaki isa [[Makkah|Makka]] da [[Madinah|Madina]], waɗanda ke cikin tawaye . <ref name="Redmount, Carol A 1995 pp. 127-135" /> Sauran sashin magudanar ruwan kusa da Kogin Nilu, wanda aka sani da <nowiki><i id="mw5g">Khalij</i></nowiki>, ya ci gaba da yin aiki na gida a matsayin wani ɓangare na kayayyakin more rayuwa na ruwa na Alkahira har zuwa ƙarshen shekarun 1890, lokacin da aka cika shi gaba ɗaya aka mayar da shi abin da yanzu ake kira Titin Port Said. == Bayan haka == Bayan haka, hanyoyin ƙasa zuwa kayan ayarin raƙuma sun kasance daga Alexandria zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Tekun Ja ko kuma hanyar siliki ta Byzantine ta arewacin tsaunukan Caucasus waɗanda ke ratsa [[Tekun Caspian]] sannan zuwa [[Indiya]] . Bayan gano hanyar teku kai tsaye zuwa Indiya ta hanyar [[Cape of Good Hope]] da Portugal ta gano, mutanen Venetian da Mamluks sun yi shawarwari da juna don samar da kuɗaɗen gina sabuwar magudanar ruwa domin rage tasirin cinikin Portugal. Duk da haka, mamayar da Ottoman ta yi wa Masar da Selim I da kuma mamaye ta daga baya ya kawo ƙarshen duk wani fata ga Venice ta ci gaba da mamaye harkokin kasuwancinta a Bahar Rum. Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Babban Vizier na Daular Ottoman daga 1565 zuwa 1579, shi ma ya yi tunanin gina sabon magudanar ruwa don rage mamayar Portugal a Tekun Indiya da kuma haɗa rundunar sojojin ruwan Ottoman da aka raba a Tekun Bahar Rum da Tekun Indiya, amma an ɗauke shi da tsada sosai don ginawa kuma an soke shi. {{Reflist}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] o0p57ebnpqq9uim4x9sskcndoyflatb 0 153202 842749 2026-05-29T20:38:52Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1313520084|El Qantara, Egypt]]" 842749 wikitext text/x-wiki '''El Qantara''' ( Arabic ) birni ne a arewa maso gabashin [[Misra|Masar]] a ɓangarorin biyu na [[Suez canal|mashigin ruwa na Suez]], a cikin lardin Ismailia na Masar, {{Convert|160|km}} arewa maso gabas da [[Kairo|Alkahira]] da {{Convert|50|km}} kudu da Port Said . An haɗa sassan biyu na birnin da gadar hanya mai tsayi, gadar zaman lafiya ta Mubarak . Gadar ta haɗa tsakanin raba [[Afirka]] da [[Asiya]], wanda hakan ya sa El Qantara gari ne da ke kan iyaka . == Tarihi == An gina El Qantara kusa da wurin tsohon birnin '''Sele''' ( Ancient Greek , Coptic , Ancient Egyptian ''Tcharou'' ). <ref>{{Cite web |title=TM Places |url=https://wismegistos.org/place/2109 |access-date=2020-10-09 |website=[[Trismegistos]]}}</ref> A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]], Kantara, kamar yadda sojojin ƙawancen suka ambata, shine wurin da hedikwatar Sashe na 3, Tsaron Magudanar Ruwa da kuma Hedikwatar Rundunar Gabas ta kasance a lokacin matakan ƙarshe na Kare Magudanar [[Suez canal|Ruwa ta Suez]] da kuma Yaƙin Sinai na 1916. Babban rumbun adana kayan aiki da cibiyar asibiti sun tallafawa kuma sun samar da dukkan ayyukan Birtaniya, Ostiraliya da New Zealand a Sinai daga 1916 har zuwa wargajewar ƙarshe a 1919. Tun daga watan Janairun 1916, an gina sabon layin dogo daga Kantara zuwa Romani, sannan kuma gabas ta Sinai zuwa El Arish da [[Rafah|Rafa]] a kan iyaka da Daular Ottoman. An gina bututun ruwa a kan wannan hanyar ta hannun Injiniyoyi na Royal Engineers a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Brigadier Janar Everard Blair . Makabartar da Tunawa da Hukumar Kaburburan Yaƙin Commonwealth tana wajen gari. An fara ta ne a watan Fabrairu, 1916 kuma ta ci gaba da amfani da ita har zuwa ƙarshen 1920. Bayan yaƙin, an ninka girmanta don ɗaukar ragowar sojoji daga makabartun wucin gadi da kuma fagen daga na hamada, musamman a Qatia, Rumani, Magdhaba, El Arish da Rafa . An tsara ta a hukumance a shekarar 1919 ta Sir Robert Lorimer, makabartar ta ƙunshi binne sojoji 1,562 na Commonwealth daga Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya da kuma 110 daga Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Akwai kuma kaburburan yaƙi 341 na wasu ƙasashe. Tunawa da Kantara tana ɗauke da sunayen sojoji 16 na Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya da ake kyautata zaton an kashe su a fafatawa a Rafa da Rumani. A shekarar 1961, an liƙa allunan da ke ɗauke da sunayen sojojin Indiya 283 na Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, waɗanda aka binne a Makabartar Kantara ta Indiya wadda ba a iya isa gare ta ba, a bango a bayan Dutsen Tunawa, wanda ya zama Tunawa da Makabartar Kantara ta Indiya. An sabunta muhimmancin garin a matsayin cibiyar asibiti a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] lokacin da Babban Asibitin Mai Lamba 1 ya kasance a wurin daga Yuli 1941 zuwa Disamba 1945, da kuma Babban Asibitoci Mai Lamba 41 da 92 a lokuta daban-daban. An gina Babban Asibitin Mai Lamba 8 na Poland kusa da makabartar yaƙi. A lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida na 1967, [[Isra'ila]] ta kwace garin. Masar ta kwace shi a farkon Yaƙin Yom Kippur na 1973 a lokacin Crossing, kuma ta riƙe shi har sai da aka cimma yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta. Masar ta sake samun iko a kan garin a hukumance a 1974. == Manazarta == 2yvxs86gdl8tr5dy0o6s2qbww1j4w83 842750 842749 2026-05-29T20:39:28Z Engineer014 44591 842750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''El Qantara''' ( Arabic ) birni ne a arewa maso gabashin [[Misra|Masar]] a ɓangarorin biyu na [[Suez canal|mashigin ruwa na Suez]], a cikin lardin Ismailia na Masar, {{Convert|160|km}} arewa maso gabas da [[Kairo|Alkahira]] da {{Convert|50|km}} kudu da Port Said . An haɗa sassan biyu na birnin da gadar hanya mai tsayi, gadar zaman lafiya ta Mubarak . Gadar ta haɗa tsakanin raba [[Afirka]] da [[Asiya]], wanda hakan ya sa El Qantara gari ne da ke kan iyaka . == Tarihi == An gina El Qantara kusa da wurin tsohon birnin '''Sele''' ( Ancient Greek , Coptic , Ancient Egyptian ''Tcharou'' ). <ref>{{Cite web |title=TM Places |url=https://wismegistos.org/place/2109 |access-date=2020-10-09 |website=[[Trismegistos]]}}</ref> A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]], Kantara, kamar yadda sojojin ƙawancen suka ambata, shine wurin da hedikwatar Sashe na 3, Tsaron Magudanar Ruwa da kuma Hedikwatar Rundunar Gabas ta kasance a lokacin matakan ƙarshe na Kare Magudanar [[Suez canal|Ruwa ta Suez]] da kuma Yaƙin Sinai na 1916. Babban rumbun adana kayan aiki da cibiyar asibiti sun tallafawa kuma sun samar da dukkan ayyukan Birtaniya, Ostiraliya da New Zealand a Sinai daga 1916 har zuwa wargajewar ƙarshe a 1919. Tun daga watan Janairun 1916, an gina sabon layin dogo daga Kantara zuwa Romani, sannan kuma gabas ta Sinai zuwa El Arish da [[Rafah|Rafa]] a kan iyaka da Daular Ottoman. An gina bututun ruwa a kan wannan hanyar ta hannun Injiniyoyi na Royal Engineers a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Brigadier Janar Everard Blair . Makabartar da Tunawa da Hukumar Kaburburan Yaƙin Commonwealth tana wajen gari. An fara ta ne a watan Fabrairu, 1916 kuma ta ci gaba da amfani da ita har zuwa ƙarshen 1920. Bayan yaƙin, an ninka girmanta don ɗaukar ragowar sojoji daga makabartun wucin gadi da kuma fagen daga na hamada, musamman a Qatia, Rumani, Magdhaba, El Arish da Rafa . An tsara ta a hukumance a shekarar 1919 ta Sir Robert Lorimer, makabartar ta ƙunshi binne sojoji 1,562 na Commonwealth daga Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya da kuma 110 daga Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Akwai kuma kaburburan yaƙi 341 na wasu ƙasashe. Tunawa da Kantara tana ɗauke da sunayen sojoji 16 na Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya da ake kyautata zaton an kashe su a fafatawa a Rafa da Rumani. A shekarar 1961, an liƙa allunan da ke ɗauke da sunayen sojojin Indiya 283 na Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, waɗanda aka binne a Makabartar Kantara ta Indiya wadda ba a iya isa gare ta ba, a bango a bayan Dutsen Tunawa, wanda ya zama Tunawa da Makabartar Kantara ta Indiya. An sabunta muhimmancin garin a matsayin cibiyar asibiti a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] lokacin da Babban Asibitin Mai Lamba 1 ya kasance a wurin daga Yuli 1941 zuwa Disamba 1945, da kuma Babban Asibitoci Mai Lamba 41 da 92 a lokuta daban-daban. An gina Babban Asibitin Mai Lamba 8 na Poland kusa da makabartar yaƙi. A lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida na 1967, [[Isra'ila]] ta kwace garin. Masar ta kwace shi a farkon Yaƙin Yom Kippur na 1973 a lokacin Crossing, kuma ta riƙe shi har sai da aka cimma yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta. Masar ta sake samun iko a kan garin a hukumance a 1974. == Manazarta == cx9g2y2aq64ku1567cydp9kqei3ncxo 842774 842750 2026-05-29T21:02:00Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1313520084|El Qantara, Egypt]]" 842774 wikitext text/x-wiki '''El Qantara''' ( Arabic ) birni ne a arewa maso gabashin [[Misra|Masar]] a ɓangarorin biyu na [[Suez canal|mashigin ruwa na Suez]], a cikin lardin Ismailia na Masar, {{Convert|160|km}} arewa maso gabas da [[Kairo|Alkahira]] da {{Convert|50|km}} kudu da Port Said . An haɗa sassan biyu na birnin da gadar hanya mai tsayi, gadar zaman lafiya ta Mubarak . Gadar ta haɗa tsakanin raba [[Afirka]] da [[Asiya]], wanda hakan ya sa El Qantara gari ne da ke kan iyaka . == Tarihi == An gina El Qantara kusa da wurin tsohon birnin '''Sele''' ( Ancient Greek , Coptic , Ancient Egyptian ''Tcharou'' ). <ref>{{Cite web |title=TM Places |url=https://wismegistos.org/place/2109 |access-date=2020-10-09 |website=[[Trismegistos]]}}</ref> A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]], Kantara, kamar yadda sojojin ƙawancen suka ambata, shine wurin da hedikwatar Sashe na 3, Tsaron Magudanar Ruwa da kuma Hedikwatar Rundunar Gabas ta kasance a lokacin matakan ƙarshe na Kare Magudanar [[Suez canal|Ruwa ta Suez]] da kuma Yaƙin Sinai na 1916. Babban rumbun adana kayan aiki da cibiyar asibiti sun tallafawa kuma sun samar da dukkan ayyukan Birtaniya, Ostiraliya da New Zealand a Sinai daga 1916 har zuwa wargaza rundunar a 1919. Tun daga watan Janairun 1916, an gina sabon layin dogo daga Kantara zuwa Romani, sannan kuma gabas ta Sinai zuwa El Arish da [[Rafah|Rafa]] a kan iyaka da Daular Ottoman. An gina bututun ruwa a kan wannan hanyar ta hannun Injiniyoyi na Royal Engineers a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Brigadier Janar Everard Blair . Makabartar da Tunawa da Hukumar Kaburburan Yaƙin Commonwealth tana wajen gari. An fara ta ne a watan Fabrairu, 1916 kuma ta ci gaba da amfani da ita har zuwa ƙarshen 1920. Bayan yaƙin, an ninka girmanta don ɗaukar ragowar sojoji daga makabartun wucin gadi da kuma fagen daga na hamada, musamman a Qatia, Rumani, Magdhaba, El Arish da Rafa . An tsara ta a hukumance a shekarar 1919 ta Sir Robert Lorimer, makabartar ta ƙunshi binne sojoji 1,562 na Commonwealth daga Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya da kuma 110 daga Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Akwai kuma kaburburan yaƙi 341 na wasu ƙasashe. Tunawa da Kantara tana ɗauke da sunayen sojoji 16 na Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya da ake kyautata zaton an kashe su a fafatawa a Rafa da Rumani. A shekarar 1961, an liƙa allunan da ke ɗauke da sunayen sojojin Indiya 283 na Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, waɗanda aka binne a Makabartar Kantara ta Indiya wadda ba a iya isa gare ta ba, a bango a bayan Dutsen Tunawa, wanda ya zama Tunawa da Makabartar Kantara ta Indiya. An sabunta muhimmancin garin a matsayin cibiyar asibiti a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] lokacin da Babban Asibitin Mai Lamba 1 ya kasance a wurin daga Yuli 1941 zuwa Disamba 1945, da kuma Babban Asibitoci Mai Lamba 41 da 92 a lokuta daban-daban. An gina Babban Asibitin Mai Lamba 8 na Poland kusa da makabartar yaƙi. A lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida na 1967, [[Isra'ila]] ta kwace garin. Masar ta kwace shi a farkon Yaƙin Yom Kippur na 1973 a lokacin Crossing, kuma ta riƙe shi har sai da aka cimma yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta. Masar ta sake samun iko a kan garin a hukumance a shekarar 1974. == Manazarta == fflswgg28o317h31sq7a2gdbmq3xbxu 842775 842774 2026-05-29T21:02:47Z Engineer014 44591 842775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''El Qantara''' ( Arabic ) birni ne a arewa maso gabashin [[Misra|Masar]] a ɓangarorin biyu na [[Suez canal|mashigin ruwa na Suez]], a cikin lardin Ismailia na Masar, {{Convert|160|km}} arewa maso gabas da [[Kairo|Alkahira]] da {{Convert|50|km}} kudu da Port Said . An haɗa sassan biyu na birnin da gadar hanya mai tsayi, gadar zaman lafiya ta Mubarak . Gadar ta haɗa tsakanin raba [[Afirka]] da [[Asiya]], wanda hakan ya sa El Qantara gari ne da ke kan iyaka . == Tarihi == An gina El Qantara kusa da wurin tsohon birnin '''Sele''' ( Ancient Greek , Coptic , Ancient Egyptian ''Tcharou'' ). <ref>{{Cite web |title=TM Places |url=https://wismegistos.org/place/2109 |access-date=2020-10-09 |website=[[Trismegistos]]}}</ref> A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]], Kantara, kamar yadda sojojin ƙawancen suka ambata, shine wurin da hedikwatar Sashe na 3, Tsaron Magudanar Ruwa da kuma Hedikwatar Rundunar Gabas ta kasance a lokacin matakan ƙarshe na Kare Magudanar [[Suez canal|Ruwa ta Suez]] da kuma Yaƙin Sinai na 1916. Babban rumbun adana kayan aiki da cibiyar asibiti sun tallafawa kuma sun samar da dukkan ayyukan Birtaniya, Ostiraliya da New Zealand a Sinai daga 1916 har zuwa wargaza rundunar a 1919. Tun daga watan Janairun 1916, an gina sabon layin dogo daga Kantara zuwa Romani, sannan kuma gabas ta Sinai zuwa El Arish da [[Rafah|Rafa]] a kan iyaka da Daular Ottoman. An gina bututun ruwa a kan wannan hanyar ta hannun Injiniyoyi na Royal Engineers a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Brigadier Janar Everard Blair . Makabartar da Tunawa da Hukumar Kaburburan Yaƙin Commonwealth tana wajen gari. An fara ta ne a watan Fabrairu, 1916 kuma ta ci gaba da amfani da ita har zuwa ƙarshen 1920. Bayan yaƙin, an ninka girmanta don ɗaukar ragowar sojoji daga makabartun wucin gadi da kuma fagen daga na hamada, musamman a Qatia, Rumani, Magdhaba, El Arish da Rafa . An tsara ta a hukumance a shekarar 1919 ta Sir Robert Lorimer, makabartar ta ƙunshi binne sojoji 1,562 na Commonwealth daga Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya da kuma 110 daga Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Akwai kuma kaburburan yaƙi 341 na wasu ƙasashe. Tunawa da Kantara tana ɗauke da sunayen sojoji 16 na Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya da ake kyautata zaton an kashe su a fafatawa a Rafa da Rumani. A shekarar 1961, an liƙa allunan da ke ɗauke da sunayen sojojin Indiya 283 na Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, waɗanda aka binne a Makabartar Kantara ta Indiya wadda ba a iya isa gare ta ba, a bango a bayan Dutsen Tunawa, wanda ya zama Tunawa da Makabartar Kantara ta Indiya. An sabunta muhimmancin garin a matsayin cibiyar asibiti a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] lokacin da Babban Asibitin Mai Lamba 1 ya kasance a wurin daga Yuli 1941 zuwa Disamba 1945, da kuma Babban Asibitoci Mai Lamba 41 da 92 a lokuta daban-daban. An gina Babban Asibitin Mai Lamba 8 na Poland kusa da makabartar yaƙi. A lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida na 1967, [[Isra'ila]] ta kwace garin. Masar ta kwace shi a farkon Yaƙin Yom Kippur na 1973 a lokacin Crossing, kuma ta riƙe shi har sai da aka cimma yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta. Masar ta sake samun iko a kan garin a hukumance a shekarar 1974. == Manazarta == mltgond2wltxm5hshv9s0z78ic0uxyw 0 153203 842751 2026-05-29T20:41:30Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352527933|Ismaïlia Canal]]" 842751 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madatsar ruwa ta Ismailia''' ko kuma '''madatsar ruwa ta Al-Ismāʿīliyyah''', wacce a da aka fi sani da '''Madatsar ruwa mai daɗi''' ko kuma '''Madatsar ruwa mai daɗi''', madatsar ruwa ce da dubban 'yan Masarawa suka haƙa don sauƙaƙe gina [[Suez canal|madatsar ruwa ta Suez]] . Madatsar ruwa tana tafiya gabas zuwa yamma a fadin gundumar Ismailia . <ref name="EB Al-Ismailiyyah">{{Cite web |title=Al-Ismailiyyah |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Al-Ismailiyyah |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019041612/https://www.britannica.com/place/Al-Ismailiyyah |archive-date=19 October 2016 |access-date=20 November 2016 |website=Britannica}}</ref> An haƙa shi ne domin samar da ruwa mai kyau ga yankin da ke busasshiyar ƙasa, daga [[Tafkin Timsah]] zuwa [[Suez]] da Port Said . <ref name="Rappoport">{{Cite book}}</ref> {{Rp|page=267}} Magudanar ruwa ta taimaka wajen bunkasa matsugunan noma a gefen magudanar ruwa ta Suez, kuma tana da matukar muhimmanci wajen samar da ruwa ga birnin Port Said . Kamar magudanar ruwa ta Suez, injiniyoyin [[Faransa]] ne suka tsara ta; ginin ya kasance daga 1861 har zuwa 1863. Tana ratsawa ta cikin yankin rarraba ruwa na Wadi Tumilat wanda yanzu ya bushe, wanda ya haɗa da sassan wani [[Hanyar Fir'auna|tsohon magudanar ruwa ta Suez]] wanda ya wanzu tsakanin [[Tsohuwar Alkahira|Tsohon Alkahira]] da [[Red Sea|Bahar Maliya]] . : 251–257  Madatsar ruwan Ismailia ta ƙare a Ismailia. Ƙarin rassan sun haɗa madatsar ruwan daga Ismailia zuwa [[Suez]] da Port Said . Madatsar ruwan mai daɗi tana nufin haɗakar madatsar ruwan Ismailia da reshenta na kudu zuwa Suez. == Gine-gine == A watan Fabrairun 1862, bayan dubban ma'aikata sun haƙa ramin mai girman cubic mita miliyan 1.1, magudanar ruwa ta isa tafkin Timsah. Da zarar ruwan ya isa yankin, an ɗauki ƙarin ma'aikata don aikin gina magudanar ruwa ta Suez. Magudanar ruwa ta kuma ba da damar jigilar kayayyaki da abinci cikin sauƙi tare da jiragen ruwa suna tafiya a kan ƙananan hanyoyinta. <ref name="Ferry">{{Cite web |title=Photo of ferry in canal |url=http://www.suezcanalzone.com/pics18.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408044807/http://www.suezcanalzone.com/pics18.html |archive-date=8 April 2016 |access-date=20 November 2016 |website=Suez Canal Zone}}</ref> == Yaƙin Kassassin Lock == An yi Yaƙin Kassassin Lock kusa da Sweet Water Canal, a ranar 28 ga Agusta, 1882. == Yaƙin Anglo-Masar == Kasa da shekaru 100 bayan haka, magudanar ruwa <ref name="Map">{{Cite web |last=Woolley |first=Richard (Dick) |title=Suez Canal Zone Map |url=http://www.suezcanalzone.com/czmap.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161102071632/http://www.suezcanalzone.com/czmap.html |archive-date=2 November 2016 |access-date=20 November 2016 |website=Suez Canal Zone}}</ref> ba ta sake samar da ruwa mai tsafta ba amma ta gurɓata sosai. A shekarun 1950 lokacin da aka tura sojojin Birtaniya a yankin, wasu sun kira magudanar ruwa a matsayin magudanar ruwa a buɗe. An shawarci ma'aikatan rundunar sojin sama ta Royal Air Force da su guji hulɗa da ruwa kuma an yi musu gargaɗi cewa magudanar ruwa ita ce inda masu gudu za su ƙare. Lokacin da yaƙin ya yi tsanani sosai, tsakanin ƙungiyoyin ƙasa, Masar, da sojojin Birtaniya, daga Oktoba 1951 zuwa Janairu 1952, ragowar wasu sojojin Birtaniya da aka azabtar aka kashe, sun ƙare a cikin magudanar ruwa. <ref name="Fishing">{{Cite web |last=Delta |first=Charlie |title=Photos of the Sweet Water Canal in the 1950s |url=http://www.suezcanalzone.com/picsnt.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029232825/http://www.suezcanalzone.com/picsnt.html |archive-date=2016-10-29 |website=Suez Canal Zone}}</ref> == Na yanzu == Madatsar ruwa ta Ismalia ta kasance babbar hanyar samun ruwan sha da ban ruwa ga birane da yawa a ƙarni na 21. A cewar wani bincike na 2014, ingancin ruwansa yana da kyau don ban ruwa, kuma yana kama da mai kyau zuwa mara kyau don sha. Gurɓata muhalli a zamanin yau galibi haɗuwa ce ta fitar ruwa daga kogin Nilu, magudanar ruwa da aka tace a cikin magudanar ruwa, da kuma ɓuɓɓugar shara. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Goher |first=Mohamed E. |last2=Hassan |first2=Ali M. |last3=Abdel-Moniem |first3=Ibrahim A. |last4=Fahmy |first4=Ayman H. |last5=El-sayed |first5=Seliem M. |date=2014 |title=Evaluation of surface water quality and heavy metal indices of Ismailia Canal, Nile River, Egypt |journal=The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=225–233 |doi=10.1016/j.ejar.2014.09.001 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Manazarta == 6804hn03ra74i3nxq5yyw13g75y0avj 842752 842751 2026-05-29T20:42:23Z Engineer014 44591 842752 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Madatsar ruwa ta Ismailia''' ko kuma '''madatsar ruwa ta Al-Ismāʿīliyyah''', wacce a da aka fi sani da '''Madatsar ruwa mai daɗi''' ko kuma '''Madatsar ruwa mai daɗi''', madatsar ruwa ce da dubban 'yan Masarawa suka haƙa don sauƙaƙe gina [[Suez canal|madatsar ruwa ta Suez]] . Madatsar ruwa tana tafiya gabas zuwa yamma a fadin gundumar Ismailia . <ref name="EB Al-Ismailiyyah">{{Cite web |title=Al-Ismailiyyah |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Al-Ismailiyyah |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019041612/https://www.britannica.com/place/Al-Ismailiyyah |archive-date=19 October 2016 |access-date=20 November 2016 |website=Britannica}}</ref> An haƙa shi ne domin samar da ruwa mai kyau ga yankin da ke busasshiyar ƙasa, daga [[Tafkin Timsah]] zuwa [[Suez]] da Port Said . <ref name="Rappoport">{{Cite book}}</ref> {{Rp|page=267}} Magudanar ruwa ta taimaka wajen bunkasa matsugunan noma a gefen magudanar ruwa ta Suez, kuma tana da matukar muhimmanci wajen samar da ruwa ga birnin Port Said . Kamar magudanar ruwa ta Suez, injiniyoyin [[Faransa]] ne suka tsara ta; ginin ya kasance daga 1861 har zuwa 1863. Tana ratsawa ta cikin yankin rarraba ruwa na Wadi Tumilat wanda yanzu ya bushe, wanda ya haɗa da sassan wani [[Hanyar Fir'auna|tsohon magudanar ruwa ta Suez]] wanda ya wanzu tsakanin [[Tsohuwar Alkahira|Tsohon Alkahira]] da [[Red Sea|Bahar Maliya]] . : 251–257  Madatsar ruwan Ismailia ta ƙare a Ismailia. Ƙarin rassan sun haɗa madatsar ruwan daga Ismailia zuwa [[Suez]] da Port Said . Madatsar ruwan mai daɗi tana nufin haɗakar madatsar ruwan Ismailia da reshenta na kudu zuwa Suez. == Gine-gine == A watan Fabrairun 1862, bayan dubban ma'aikata sun haƙa ramin mai girman cubic mita miliyan 1.1, magudanar ruwa ta isa tafkin Timsah. Da zarar ruwan ya isa yankin, an ɗauki ƙarin ma'aikata don aikin gina magudanar ruwa ta Suez. Magudanar ruwa ta kuma ba da damar jigilar kayayyaki da abinci cikin sauƙi tare da jiragen ruwa suna tafiya a kan ƙananan hanyoyinta. <ref name="Ferry">{{Cite web |title=Photo of ferry in canal |url=http://www.suezcanalzone.com/pics18.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408044807/http://www.suezcanalzone.com/pics18.html |archive-date=8 April 2016 |access-date=20 November 2016 |website=Suez Canal Zone}}</ref> == Yaƙin Kassassin Lock == An yi Yaƙin Kassassin Lock kusa da Sweet Water Canal, a ranar 28 ga Agusta, 1882. == Yaƙin Anglo-Masar == Kasa da shekaru 100 bayan haka, magudanar ruwa <ref name="Map">{{Cite web |last=Woolley |first=Richard (Dick) |title=Suez Canal Zone Map |url=http://www.suezcanalzone.com/czmap.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161102071632/http://www.suezcanalzone.com/czmap.html |archive-date=2 November 2016 |access-date=20 November 2016 |website=Suez Canal Zone}}</ref> ba ta sake samar da ruwa mai tsafta ba amma ta gurɓata sosai. A shekarun 1950 lokacin da aka tura sojojin Birtaniya a yankin, wasu sun kira magudanar ruwa a matsayin magudanar ruwa a buɗe. An shawarci ma'aikatan rundunar sojin sama ta Royal Air Force da su guji hulɗa da ruwa kuma an yi musu gargaɗi cewa magudanar ruwa ita ce inda masu gudu za su ƙare. Lokacin da yaƙin ya yi tsanani sosai, tsakanin ƙungiyoyin ƙasa, Masar, da sojojin Birtaniya, daga Oktoba 1951 zuwa Janairu 1952, ragowar wasu sojojin Birtaniya da aka azabtar aka kashe, sun ƙare a cikin magudanar ruwa. <ref name="Fishing">{{Cite web |last=Delta |first=Charlie |title=Photos of the Sweet Water Canal in the 1950s |url=http://www.suezcanalzone.com/picsnt.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029232825/http://www.suezcanalzone.com/picsnt.html |archive-date=2016-10-29 |website=Suez Canal Zone}}</ref> == Na yanzu == Madatsar ruwa ta Ismalia ta kasance babbar hanyar samun ruwan sha da ban ruwa ga birane da yawa a ƙarni na 21. A cewar wani bincike na 2014, ingancin ruwansa yana da kyau don ban ruwa, kuma yana kama da mai kyau zuwa mara kyau don sha. Gurɓata muhalli a zamanin yau galibi haɗuwa ce ta fitar ruwa daga kogin Nilu, magudanar ruwa da aka tace a cikin magudanar ruwa, da kuma ɓuɓɓugar shara. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Goher |first=Mohamed E. |last2=Hassan |first2=Ali M. |last3=Abdel-Moniem |first3=Ibrahim A. |last4=Fahmy |first4=Ayman H. |last5=El-sayed |first5=Seliem M. |date=2014 |title=Evaluation of surface water quality and heavy metal indices of Ismailia Canal, Nile River, Egypt |journal=The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=225–233 |doi=10.1016/j.ejar.2014.09.001 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Manazarta == tkzts78ydwngtkec1rcgi2x43sr3x5c 0 153204 842753 2026-05-29T20:43:43Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331448263|Alphonse Couvreux]]" 842753 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alphonse Couvreux''' (1820 - Yuli 1890) ɗan kwangilar ayyukan jama'a ne na Faransa, wanda aka san shi da ƙirƙiro injin haƙa sarkar bokiti wanda ya shigar da takardar izinin mallaka a watan Mayu 1860. An yi amfani da injin haƙa sarkar bokiti don cire ƙasa mai yawa don gina layin dogo da kuma [[Suez canal|magudanar ruwa ta Suez]] . Amfani da injin na farko da aka rubuta a ƙasa ya kasance a shekarar 1859. Couvreux ya yi amfani da wasu injinansa don haƙa kayan aikin layin dogo na Ardennes. An haƙa kusan yadi miliyan 8 na kayan aiki daga magudanar ruwa ta Suez ta hanyar injinansa bakwai a lokacin wani ɓangare na gininsa daga 1863 zuwa 1868. An yi amfani da wasu injinan Couvreux a farkon yunƙurin Faransa na gina magudanar ruwa ta Panama . Har yanzu ana amfani da injin haƙa sarkar bokiti a wuraren haƙa ma'adinai da wuraren hakar ma'adinai . Samfurin sikelin ɗaya daga cikin injinansa na 1859 yana cikin Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha da Cinikai da ke [[Faris|Paris]] . == Manazarta == 77wwwpf834ybqkxp5doylf267u0ew9s 842754 842753 2026-05-29T20:44:08Z Engineer014 44591 842754 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alphonse Couvreux''' (1820 - Yuli 1890) ɗan kwangilar ayyukan jama'a ne na Faransa, wanda aka san shi da ƙirƙiro injin haƙa sarkar bokiti wanda ya shigar da takardar izinin mallaka a watan Mayu 1860. An yi amfani da injin haƙa sarkar bokiti don cire ƙasa mai yawa don gina layin dogo da kuma [[Suez canal|magudanar ruwa ta Suez]] . Amfani da injin na farko da aka rubuta a ƙasa ya kasance a shekarar 1859. Couvreux ya yi amfani da wasu injinansa don haƙa kayan aikin layin dogo na Ardennes. An haƙa kusan yadi miliyan 8 na kayan aiki daga magudanar ruwa ta Suez ta hanyar injinansa bakwai a lokacin wani ɓangare na gininsa daga 1863 zuwa 1868. An yi amfani da wasu injinan Couvreux a farkon yunƙurin Faransa na gina magudanar ruwa ta Panama . Har yanzu ana amfani da injin haƙa sarkar bokiti a wuraren haƙa ma'adinai da wuraren hakar ma'adinai . Samfurin sikelin ɗaya daga cikin injinansa na 1859 yana cikin Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha da Cinikai da ke [[Faris|Paris]] . == Manazarta == qwfs3ylaf8k232347o9jzcuwmfd1v0v 0 153205 842757 2026-05-29T20:46:58Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351608679|Alois Negrelli]]" 842757 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nikolaus Alois Maria Vinzenz Negrelli, Ritter von Moldelbe''' (an haife shi '''Luigi Negrelli''' ; 23 Janairu 1799 - 1 Oktoba 1858) injiniyan farar hula ne na Tyrol kuma ƙwararren [[jirgin ƙasa]] wanda ya fi aiki a sassan Daular Austria, [[Switzerland]], [[Jamus]] da [[Italiya]] . == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Alois Negrelli a matsayin Luigi Negrelli a matsayin 'ya'ya na bakwai cikin goma ga uba mai jin Italiyanci da kuma uwa mai jin Jamusanci a Fiera di Primiero (Jamusanci {{Lang|de|Markt Primör}} ) a cikin Dolomites . Ƙauyen yana cikin Trentino ( {{Lang|de|Trient}} ), wanda a da can kudancin Gundumar Tyrol ne (a lokacin yana tare da Daular Austria, a yau yana arewacin [[Italiya]] ). Kasancewar yana cikin gadon ''Welschtyrolean'' (masu magana da soyayya a kudancin Tyroleans), uban da ɗaya daga cikin 'yan uwansa mata sun goyi bayan Tawayen Tyrolean na 1809, wanda Andreas Hofer ya jagoranta kan mamayar ƙasarsu da sojojin Faransa da Bavaria suka yi. An tsare mahaifin Alois na tsawon shekaru, daga ƙarshe ya koma gida a 1814. Iyalin, bayan sun rasa wani ɓangare na dukiyarsu, sun yi gwagwarmaya da farko don ba da damar ingantaccen ilimi da rayuwa mai aminci ga Alois da 'yan uwansa. Hukumomin gwamnati sun sauƙaƙe wannan aiki don amincewa da jajircewarsu. Alois Negrelli ya sami tallafin karatu na Austria kuma ya tafi makarantar sakandare a Feltre a 1812, tare da 'yan uwansa. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Padua da Innsbruck a 1817, <ref name="Wurzbach" /> babban birnin Crownland na Tyrol . <ref name="eLibUV" /> === Injiniyan farar hula === Bayan ya fara aikinsa a shekarar 1818 a matsayin mataimakin Ma'aikatar Gine-gine a Innsbruck, [[Austriya|Austria]], ya kuma yi aiki a Vorarlberg daga 1825 zuwa gaba yana zaune a [[Bregenz]] . Negrelli ya gina ''Gschwendtobel-Brücke'' a Lingenau, wata gada ta katako da aka rufe da har yanzu tana nan, kuma ya sami suna wajen shiga cikin aikin samar da Alpenrhein da kuma wasu muradun Austria da Switzerland da ke da alaƙa da ita. Ya ƙaura zuwa Switzerland a 1832 kuma ya shiga cikin gina gine-gine daban-daban a Canton of St. Gallen . A 1835, an kira Negrelli zuwa Zürich, inda ya ci gaba da irin wannan aiki, musamman aiki a kan ''Münsterbrücke'' (Gadar Munster) da ke ratsa Limmat tare da Ferdinand Stadler, wanda ke da alhakin aikin kafinta. Har yanzu ana gina gadoji na dutse a kan firam ɗin katako na katako a wannan lokacin. Ya kuma ƙirƙiri sabon ''Kornhaus'' (granary) a shekarar 1839 wanda daga baya ya zama ''Tonhalle'' na farko (zauren kide-kide) na Zürich. A shekarar 1895 aka maye gurbinsa da sabon gini na biyu da aka gina don wannan dalili. === Gina layin dogo === Tun daga shekarar 1836, Negrelli ya fara shirin gina layin dogo na farko a wannan ƙasar. An gina layin dogo na Arewacin Switzerland shekaru bayan haka a shekarar 1846 daga Zürich zuwa Baden, Switzerland, a ƙarƙashin kulawarsa. A wannan lokacin, an kuma naɗa shi a kwamitocin gwamnati daban-daban, yana aiki a wasu yankuna. A lokacin tafiya zuwa Ingila, Faransa da Belgium, kamar sauran injiniyoyi da yawa, ya yi nazarin ci gaban da aka samu kwanan nan a fannin gina layin dogo, sannan daga baya ya buga ra'ayoyinsa na daidaita wannan fasaha zuwa yankunan tsaunuka a cikin takardu, inda ya sami kulawa sosai a masana'antar. A shekarar 1837, ya ba da shawarar ƙirƙirar layin dogo na Innsbruck- Kufstein a Tyrol kuma ya yi shirye-shiryen farko don hakan, wanda daga baya aka gina aikin. Negrelli ya koma aiki a Ostiriya a shekarar 1840. An zaɓe shi a matsayin babban sufeto na kamfanin jirgin ƙasa na Sarki Ferdinand na Arewa, da kuma kamfanin layin dogo na Jihar Arewa a shekarar 1842. Shi ne ke da alhakin gina layukan jirgin ƙasa daga [[Vienna]] ta [[Prag|Prague]] zuwa kan iyakar Jamus zuwa [[Dresden]], sannan kuma ta Ostrava zuwa kan iyakar Poland zuwa Kraków . Negrelli ya shirya layin jirgin ƙasa zuwa [[Lviv]] na Austria a wancan lokacin da kuma faɗaɗa kan iyakar Rasha zuwa gabas. Ya jagoranci gina hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta Negrelli tsakanin 1846 da 1849, wata gadar jirgin ƙasa da ta ratsa kogin Vltava (Moldau) a Prague, wacce ta kai mita 1,110 mafi tsayi a Turai har zuwa 1910 Ikon Negrelli a harkokin layin dogo ya kasance mai mahimmanci musamman a cikin tsarin yanke shawara na gina layin dogo na Semmering mai tsaunuka wanda wani injiniya, Carl von Ghega, ya gina a 1848 kuma an nemi shawararsa don ayyukan wasu jihohi kamar Masarautar Württemberg da Masarautar Saxony a Jamus. A 1849, Negrelli zai yi tafiya zuwa Masarautar Lombardy-Venetia ta Austria a wancan lokacin da aikin kula da ayyukan gine-ginen jama'a, layin dogo da layukan telegraph, da kuma jagorantar kwamiti mai kula da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a kogin Po . A shekara ta 1850, an ba shi lambar yabo saboda ayyukansa kuma an naɗa shi ''Ritter von Moldelbe'', wanda shi da kansa ya zaɓa domin tunawa da lokacin da yake aiki a kan kogunan Vltava /Moldau da Elbe . Bayan ya dawo Vienna a shekara ta 1855, an naɗa Negrelli babban sufeto-janar na sabuwar Kamfanin Jiragen Ƙasa na Imperial Royal Privileged Austrian State Company har zuwa shekara ta 1857. Daga baya ya zama ''Staats-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft'' (Kamfanin Jiragen Ƙasa na Jiha), ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin layin dogo na Daular Austria. <ref name="ÖBL" /> === Ayyukan samar da hanyoyin sadarwa a Masar === Negrelli, kamar sauran injiniyoyi da yawa a zamaninsa, ya yi tunanin yiwuwar gina hanyar ruwa ta wucin gadi don haɗa [[Bahar Rum|Tekun Bahar Rum]] da [[Red Sea|Tekun Maliya]] tun daga shekarar 1836. <ref name="KKGG">Mentioned in a lecture for the {{Lang|de|K.K. Geographische Gesellschaft}} (Imperial-Royal Geographical Society), end of March 1857: [[iarchive:mitteilungenderk01kais|''Mittheilungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Geographischen Gesellschaft'']]{{Sic}}; ''Bericht über die Durchstechung der Landenge von Suez (...)'' (Abhandlung IV, p. 68/276 ff.), 1857. </ref> A shekara ta 1846, Barthélemy Prosper Enfantin ya gayyace shi zuwa Société d'Études du Canal de Suez kuma ya shiga cikin rangadin bincike zuwa yankin Suez a shekara ta 1847. Saboda barkewar juyin juya hali na 1848 da kuma shekarun da suka biyo baya, da kuma wasu yanayi da {{Lang|fr|Société d'Études}} suka fuskanta. Dole ne ya dakatar da ayyukansa, an tura Negrelli da kansa zuwa Lombardy-Venetia a lokacin. A shekara ta 1855, Ferdinand de Lesseps ya gayyaci Negrelli don sake shiga, wanda yanzu haka yake cikin Hukumar Ƙasa da Ƙasa don huda yankin Suez ( {{Lang|fr|Commission Internationale pour le percement de l'isthme de Suez}} ). Ya ƙunshi ƙwararru goma sha uku daga ƙasashe bakwai waɗanda za su binciki shirye-shiryen da Linant de Bellefonds ya yi, dole ne ya ba da shawara kan yuwuwar da kuma hanyar da ta fi dacewa don aikin magudanar ruwa. Negrelli ya kafa wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar bincike da ke tafiya zuwa Masar a ƙarshen 1855 da farkon 1856. A cikin tattaunawar ƙarshe da kwamitin ya yi a Paris a ƙarshen watan Yunin 1856, manyan ra'ayoyinsa na magudanar ruwa ba tare da makulli da kuma hanyar shiga arewa zuwa yamma sun yi nasara. <ref name="KKGG">Mentioned in a lecture for the {{Lang|de|K.K. Geographische Gesellschaft}} (Imperial-Royal Geographical Society), end of March 1857: [[iarchive:mitteilungenderk01kais|''Mittheilungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Geographischen Gesellschaft'']]{{Sic}}; ''Bericht über die Durchstechung der Landenge von Suez (...)'' (Abhandlung IV, p. 68/276 ff.), 1857. </ref> An samar da cikakken rahoto na ƙarshe, gami da tsare-tsare da bayanai, wanda daga baya Kamfanin [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]] ya gina Magudanar Ruwa ta Suez, wanda Lesseps ya kafa a ƙarshen 1858. Aikin magudanar ruwa ta Suez, a matsayin irinsa na farko a wannan zamani, ya jawo hankalin manema labarai. Tun lokacin da {{Lang|fr|Commission Internationale}} fara aiki. Sun gabatar da rahotonsu a shekarar 1856, masu suka suna ta tayar da zaune tsaye a kai, daga cikinsu akwai Robert Stephenson, ɗan majagaba na jirgin ƙasa George Stephenson. Negrelli da wasu sun bayyana goyon baya sosai. Rikicin da ke tsakanin masu kare kansu da masu adawa ya ci gaba na ɗan lokaci, sai aka buga wannan musayar ra'ayi a duk faɗin Turai, musamman a Faransa, Austria da Burtaniya. An hana Negrelli tafiya zuwa Masar wani lokaci kuma ya gana da Lesseps, wanda ya tafi Landan, a watan Yunin 1858. Da yake yana jin rashin lafiya, sai ya yi amfani da hutunsa daga aiki don ya zauna a wani wurin shakatawa na lafiya don murmurewa. A kan hanyarsa ta dawowa, Negrelli ya sami damar halartar taron ƙasa kan haɓaka layin dogo da aka gudanar a Trieste kafin ya isa gida a [[Vienna]] . Ya riga ya yi rashin lafiya mai tsanani kafin Satumba, ya sami damar rubuta amsa ta ƙarshe kan maganganun Stephenson. An buga martanin Negrelli a cikin ''Oesterreichische Zeitung'' ( ''Austrian Gazette'' ) a ranar 26 ga Satumba 1858. Alois Negrelli von Moldelbe ya mutu da safiyar ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1858 yana da shekaru 59, wataƙila sakamakon gubar abinci da ke haifar da kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta. Mutuwarsa ta faru ne 'yan makonni kaɗan kafin a ga kafa Kamfanin Suez Canal, kuma rabin shekara guda kafin a fara aikin aikin magudanar ruwa a hukumance. An fara binne Negrelli a Makabartar St. Marx, amma daga baya aka mayar da shi [[Kabari na Tsakiya na Vienna|Makabartar Tsakiyar Vienna]] a 1929. == Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka == * ''Gutachten über den Bau einer obenfahrbarn Brücke über die Limmat a cikin Zürich, eines neuen Kornhauses und Hafens'', 1834 (Jamusanci) * Ausflug nach Frankreich, Ingila und Belgien zur Beobachtung der dortigen Eisenbahnen, mit einem Anhange über Anwendung von Eisenbahnen a cikin Gebirgs rival, L. Negrelli, Oberingenieur der Kaufmannschaft a Zürich, Frauenfeld 1838 (Jamusanci); an buga shi a cikin Austrian Literature OnlineLittattafan Austrian a kan layi * ''Die Eisenbahnen mit Anwendung der gewöhnlichen Dampfwägen als bewegende Kraft über Anhöhen und Wasserscheiden sind ausführbar. A cikin ra'ayi, ya zama mai son rai.'' Beck'sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung, Vienna 1842 (Jamusanci); an tsara shi a Jami'ar Heinrich Heine ta Düsseldorf, Digital Library * ''Über Gebirgseisenbahnen'' ("Game da Railways a cikin tsaunuka"), Vienna 1842 (Jamusanci) * Die Münsterbrücke a Zürich, Vienna 1844 (Jamusanci) * Die gegenwärtigen Transport- und Kommunikationsmittel Egyptens, mit Beziehung auf die__que____que____que__ Durchstechung der Landenge von Suez ("Maganar Sufuri da Sadarwa na Masar"), Alois Negrelli von Moldelbe, Vienna 1856 (Jamusanci) == Manazarta == 0fwulv46vu2w28t0xmkr4ryps227q38 842758 842757 2026-05-29T20:47:49Z Engineer014 44591 842758 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nikolaus Alois Maria Vinzenz Negrelli, Ritter von Moldelbe''' (an haife shi '''Luigi Negrelli''' ; 23 Janairu 1799 - 1 Oktoba 1858) injiniyan farar hula ne na Tyrol kuma ƙwararren [[jirgin ƙasa]] wanda ya fi aiki a sassan Daular Austria, [[Switzerland]], [[Jamus]] da [[Italiya]] . == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Alois Negrelli a matsayin Luigi Negrelli a matsayin 'ya'ya na bakwai cikin goma ga uba mai jin Italiyanci da kuma uwa mai jin Jamusanci a Fiera di Primiero (Jamusanci {{Lang|de|Markt Primör}} ) a cikin Dolomites . Ƙauyen yana cikin Trentino ( {{Lang|de|Trient}} ), wanda a da can kudancin Gundumar Tyrol ne (a lokacin yana tare da Daular Austria, a yau yana arewacin [[Italiya]] ). Kasancewar yana cikin gadon ''Welschtyrolean'' (masu magana da soyayya a kudancin Tyroleans), uban da ɗaya daga cikin 'yan uwansa mata sun goyi bayan Tawayen Tyrolean na 1809, wanda Andreas Hofer ya jagoranta kan mamayar ƙasarsu da sojojin Faransa da Bavaria suka yi. An tsare mahaifin Alois na tsawon shekaru, daga ƙarshe ya koma gida a 1814. Iyalin, bayan sun rasa wani ɓangare na dukiyarsu, sun yi gwagwarmaya da farko don ba da damar ingantaccen ilimi da rayuwa mai aminci ga Alois da 'yan uwansa. Hukumomin gwamnati sun sauƙaƙe wannan aiki don amincewa da jajircewarsu. Alois Negrelli ya sami tallafin karatu na Austria kuma ya tafi makarantar sakandare a Feltre a 1812, tare da 'yan uwansa. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Padua da Innsbruck a 1817, <ref name="Wurzbach" /> babban birnin Crownland na Tyrol . <ref name="eLibUV" /> === Injiniyan farar hula === Bayan ya fara aikinsa a shekarar 1818 a matsayin mataimakin Ma'aikatar Gine-gine a Innsbruck, [[Austriya|Austria]], ya kuma yi aiki a Vorarlberg daga 1825 zuwa gaba yana zaune a [[Bregenz]] . Negrelli ya gina ''Gschwendtobel-Brücke'' a Lingenau, wata gada ta katako da aka rufe da har yanzu tana nan, kuma ya sami suna wajen shiga cikin aikin samar da Alpenrhein da kuma wasu muradun Austria da Switzerland da ke da alaƙa da ita. Ya ƙaura zuwa Switzerland a 1832 kuma ya shiga cikin gina gine-gine daban-daban a Canton of St. Gallen . A 1835, an kira Negrelli zuwa Zürich, inda ya ci gaba da irin wannan aiki, musamman aiki a kan ''Münsterbrücke'' (Gadar Munster) da ke ratsa Limmat tare da Ferdinand Stadler, wanda ke da alhakin aikin kafinta. Har yanzu ana gina gadoji na dutse a kan firam ɗin katako na katako a wannan lokacin. Ya kuma ƙirƙiri sabon ''Kornhaus'' (granary) a shekarar 1839 wanda daga baya ya zama ''Tonhalle'' na farko (zauren kide-kide) na Zürich. A shekarar 1895 aka maye gurbinsa da sabon gini na biyu da aka gina don wannan dalili. === Gina layin dogo === Tun daga shekarar 1836, Negrelli ya fara shirin gina layin dogo na farko a wannan ƙasar. An gina layin dogo na Arewacin Switzerland shekaru bayan haka a shekarar 1846 daga Zürich zuwa Baden, Switzerland, a ƙarƙashin kulawarsa. A wannan lokacin, an kuma naɗa shi a kwamitocin gwamnati daban-daban, yana aiki a wasu yankuna. A lokacin tafiya zuwa Ingila, Faransa da Belgium, kamar sauran injiniyoyi da yawa, ya yi nazarin ci gaban da aka samu kwanan nan a fannin gina layin dogo, sannan daga baya ya buga ra'ayoyinsa na daidaita wannan fasaha zuwa yankunan tsaunuka a cikin takardu, inda ya sami kulawa sosai a masana'antar. A shekarar 1837, ya ba da shawarar ƙirƙirar layin dogo na Innsbruck- Kufstein a Tyrol kuma ya yi shirye-shiryen farko don hakan, wanda daga baya aka gina aikin. Negrelli ya koma aiki a Ostiriya a shekarar 1840. An zaɓe shi a matsayin babban sufeto na kamfanin jirgin ƙasa na Sarki Ferdinand na Arewa, da kuma kamfanin layin dogo na Jihar Arewa a shekarar 1842. Shi ne ke da alhakin gina layukan jirgin ƙasa daga [[Vienna]] ta [[Prag|Prague]] zuwa kan iyakar Jamus zuwa [[Dresden]], sannan kuma ta Ostrava zuwa kan iyakar Poland zuwa Kraków . Negrelli ya shirya layin jirgin ƙasa zuwa [[Lviv]] na Austria a wancan lokacin da kuma faɗaɗa kan iyakar Rasha zuwa gabas. Ya jagoranci gina hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta Negrelli tsakanin 1846 da 1849, wata gadar jirgin ƙasa da ta ratsa kogin Vltava (Moldau) a Prague, wacce ta kai mita 1,110 mafi tsayi a Turai har zuwa 1910 Ikon Negrelli a harkokin layin dogo ya kasance mai mahimmanci musamman a cikin tsarin yanke shawara na gina layin dogo na Semmering mai tsaunuka wanda wani injiniya, Carl von Ghega, ya gina a 1848 kuma an nemi shawararsa don ayyukan wasu jihohi kamar Masarautar Württemberg da Masarautar Saxony a Jamus. A 1849, Negrelli zai yi tafiya zuwa Masarautar Lombardy-Venetia ta Austria a wancan lokacin da aikin kula da ayyukan gine-ginen jama'a, layin dogo da layukan telegraph, da kuma jagorantar kwamiti mai kula da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a kogin Po . A shekara ta 1850, an ba shi lambar yabo saboda ayyukansa kuma an naɗa shi ''Ritter von Moldelbe'', wanda shi da kansa ya zaɓa domin tunawa da lokacin da yake aiki a kan kogunan Vltava /Moldau da Elbe . Bayan ya dawo Vienna a shekara ta 1855, an naɗa Negrelli babban sufeto-janar na sabuwar Kamfanin Jiragen Ƙasa na Imperial Royal Privileged Austrian State Company har zuwa shekara ta 1857. Daga baya ya zama ''Staats-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft'' (Kamfanin Jiragen Ƙasa na Jiha), ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin layin dogo na Daular Austria. <ref name="ÖBL" /> === Ayyukan samar da hanyoyin sadarwa a Masar === Negrelli, kamar sauran injiniyoyi da yawa a zamaninsa, ya yi tunanin yiwuwar gina hanyar ruwa ta wucin gadi don haɗa [[Bahar Rum|Tekun Bahar Rum]] da [[Red Sea|Tekun Maliya]] tun daga shekarar 1836. <ref name="KKGG">Mentioned in a lecture for the {{Lang|de|K.K. Geographische Gesellschaft}} (Imperial-Royal Geographical Society), end of March 1857: [[iarchive:mitteilungenderk01kais|''Mittheilungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Geographischen Gesellschaft'']]{{Sic}}; ''Bericht über die Durchstechung der Landenge von Suez (...)'' (Abhandlung IV, p. 68/276 ff.), 1857. </ref> A shekara ta 1846, Barthélemy Prosper Enfantin ya gayyace shi zuwa Société d'Études du Canal de Suez kuma ya shiga cikin rangadin bincike zuwa yankin Suez a shekara ta 1847. Saboda barkewar juyin juya hali na 1848 da kuma shekarun da suka biyo baya, da kuma wasu yanayi da {{Lang|fr|Société d'Études}} suka fuskanta. Dole ne ya dakatar da ayyukansa, an tura Negrelli da kansa zuwa Lombardy-Venetia a lokacin. A shekara ta 1855, Ferdinand de Lesseps ya gayyaci Negrelli don sake shiga, wanda yanzu haka yake cikin Hukumar Ƙasa da Ƙasa don huda yankin Suez ( {{Lang|fr|Commission Internationale pour le percement de l'isthme de Suez}} ). Ya ƙunshi ƙwararru goma sha uku daga ƙasashe bakwai waɗanda za su binciki shirye-shiryen da Linant de Bellefonds ya yi, dole ne ya ba da shawara kan yuwuwar da kuma hanyar da ta fi dacewa don aikin magudanar ruwa. Negrelli ya kafa wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar bincike da ke tafiya zuwa Masar a ƙarshen 1855 da farkon 1856. A cikin tattaunawar ƙarshe da kwamitin ya yi a Paris a ƙarshen watan Yunin 1856, manyan ra'ayoyinsa na magudanar ruwa ba tare da makulli da kuma hanyar shiga arewa zuwa yamma sun yi nasara. <ref name="KKGG">Mentioned in a lecture for the {{Lang|de|K.K. Geographische Gesellschaft}} (Imperial-Royal Geographical Society), end of March 1857: [[iarchive:mitteilungenderk01kais|''Mittheilungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Geographischen Gesellschaft'']]{{Sic}}; ''Bericht über die Durchstechung der Landenge von Suez (...)'' (Abhandlung IV, p. 68/276 ff.), 1857. </ref> An samar da cikakken rahoto na ƙarshe, gami da tsare-tsare da bayanai, wanda daga baya Kamfanin [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]] ya gina Magudanar Ruwa ta Suez, wanda Lesseps ya kafa a ƙarshen 1858. Aikin magudanar ruwa ta Suez, a matsayin irinsa na farko a wannan zamani, ya jawo hankalin manema labarai. Tun lokacin da {{Lang|fr|Commission Internationale}} fara aiki. Sun gabatar da rahotonsu a shekarar 1856, masu suka suna ta tayar da zaune tsaye a kai, daga cikinsu akwai Robert Stephenson, ɗan majagaba na jirgin ƙasa George Stephenson. Negrelli da wasu sun bayyana goyon baya sosai. Rikicin da ke tsakanin masu kare kansu da masu adawa ya ci gaba na ɗan lokaci, sai aka buga wannan musayar ra'ayi a duk faɗin Turai, musamman a Faransa, Austria da Burtaniya. An hana Negrelli tafiya zuwa Masar wani lokaci kuma ya gana da Lesseps, wanda ya tafi Landan, a watan Yunin 1858. Da yake yana jin rashin lafiya, sai ya yi amfani da hutunsa daga aiki don ya zauna a wani wurin shakatawa na lafiya don murmurewa. A kan hanyarsa ta dawowa, Negrelli ya sami damar halartar taron ƙasa kan haɓaka layin dogo da aka gudanar a Trieste kafin ya isa gida a [[Vienna]] . Ya riga ya yi rashin lafiya mai tsanani kafin Satumba, ya sami damar rubuta amsa ta ƙarshe kan maganganun Stephenson. An buga martanin Negrelli a cikin ''Oesterreichische Zeitung'' ( ''Austrian Gazette'' ) a ranar 26 ga Satumba 1858. Alois Negrelli von Moldelbe ya mutu da safiyar ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1858 yana da shekaru 59, wataƙila sakamakon gubar abinci da ke haifar da kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta. Mutuwarsa ta faru ne 'yan makonni kaɗan kafin a ga kafa Kamfanin Suez Canal, kuma rabin shekara guda kafin a fara aikin aikin magudanar ruwa a hukumance. An fara binne Negrelli a Makabartar St. Marx, amma daga baya aka mayar da shi [[Kabari na Tsakiya na Vienna|Makabartar Tsakiyar Vienna]] a 1929. == Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka == * ''Gutachten über den Bau einer obenfahrbarn Brücke über die Limmat a cikin Zürich, eines neuen Kornhauses und Hafens'', 1834 (Jamusanci) * Ausflug nach Frankreich, Ingila und Belgien zur Beobachtung der dortigen Eisenbahnen, mit einem Anhange über Anwendung von Eisenbahnen a cikin Gebirgs rival, L. Negrelli, Oberingenieur der Kaufmannschaft a Zürich, Frauenfeld 1838 (Jamusanci); an buga shi a cikin Austrian Literature OnlineLittattafan Austrian a kan layi * ''Die Eisenbahnen mit Anwendung der gewöhnlichen Dampfwägen als bewegende Kraft über Anhöhen und Wasserscheiden sind ausführbar. A cikin ra'ayi, ya zama mai son rai.'' Beck'sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung, Vienna 1842 (Jamusanci); an tsara shi a Jami'ar Heinrich Heine ta Düsseldorf, Digital Library * ''Über Gebirgseisenbahnen'' ("Game da Railways a cikin tsaunuka"), Vienna 1842 (Jamusanci) * Die Münsterbrücke a Zürich, Vienna 1844 (Jamusanci) * Die gegenwärtigen Transport- und Kommunikationsmittel Egyptens, mit Beziehung auf die__que____que____que__ Durchstechung der Landenge von Suez ("Maganar Sufuri da Sadarwa na Masar"), Alois Negrelli von Moldelbe, Vienna 1856 (Jamusanci) == Manazarta == dyq5d83rt6dfwono179ymtxpv9ro7i7 0 153206 842760 2026-05-29T20:49:50Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1260590729|Saft el-Hinna]]" 842760 wikitext text/x-wiki Ƙauyen Saft el-Hinna na zamani yana kan [[Tsohuwar Masar|tsohon garin Masar]] na '''Per-Sopdu''' ko '''Pi-Sopt''', ma'ana "Gidan Sopdu", wanda shine babban birnin nome na 20 na Ƙasashen Masar kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin bauta a lokacin Ƙarshen Zamanin Masar na dā . Kamar yadda sunan tsohuwar ya nuna, an keɓe garin ga Sopdu, allahn iyakokin gabashin Masar. {{Sfn|Shaw|Nicholson|1995}} {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} A ƙarshen Zamanin Tsakiya na Uku, Per-Sopdu - wanda ake kira ''Pishaptu'' ko ''Pisapti'', a Akkadian, ta hannun mayaƙan Neo-Assuriya - shine wurin zama na ɗaya daga cikin ''manyan masarautu huɗu na [[Meshwesh]]'', tare da Mendes, Sebennytos da Busiris . {{Sfn|Kitchen|1996}} Sunan birnin na zamanin da shi ne '''Tiarabya''' ( Coptic , Arabic ) domin kuwa babban birni ne a gabashin yankin Nilu Delta wanda ke da irin wannan suna. == tono ƙasa == A watan Disamba na shekarar 1884, masanin kimiyyar ƙasar Masar na ƙasar Switzerland Édouard Naville yana gudanar da bincike a Wadi Tumilat a madadin Asusun Binciken Masar . Ya je Saft el-Hinna, wani ƙauye na manoman ''[[Lalle|hinna]]'', kuma a can ya sami alamun tsohon birnin a ƙarƙashin matsugunin zamani. Ya yi imanin cewa ya sami tsohon birnin Phacusa a cikin ƙasar Goshen da aka rubuta a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki, kodayake a zamanin yau ana ɗauka cewa Phacusa yana ƙarƙashin garin Faqus na zamani. Duk da cewa wurin tarihi yana fuskantar barazana daga ci gaban birane da faɗaɗa amfanin gona, Naville ta sami nasarar gano wasu abubuwan tarihi na Fir'auna Nectanebo na ɗaya na Daular 30, bangon kewaye na haikali, da sauran shaidu da suka shafi zamanin Ptolemaic da Romawa . Abin takaici, bai taɓa buga cikakken rahoton haƙa ba. {{Sfn|Naville|1887}} {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} Daga cikin abubuwan da aka gano kwanan nan a Nectanebo I, Naville ta sami wani naos da aka keɓe wa Sopdu. Daga baya aka gano cewa ''naos'' ɗaya ne daga cikin huɗu da aka yi niyya su kasance a cikin haikalin wanda Naville ya gano ganuwarsa a ƙarƙashin Saft el-Hinna. Sauran ''naoi'' uku kuma an gano su, kodayake a wasu wurare a Delta ba ''a wurin ba'' . Ɗaya an keɓe shi ga Shu ; an sami sassansa a Abukir kuma ana kiransa Naos na Shekaru Goma . Wani kuma an keɓe shi ga Tefnut, kuma an gano ɗaya da ba a kiyaye shi sosai a Arish . Duk banda na ƙarshe (saboda ƙarancin kiyaye shi) ana tsammanin an danganta shi da Nectanebo I. {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} A shekarar 1906, Flinders Petrie ya je Saft el-Hinna don gudanar da wani tono da nufin gano shaidar kasancewar Yahudawa a tsohuwar Masar. Ba da daɗewa ba ya gano cewa yanayin wurin ya fi muni fiye da lokacin Naville. Ya yanke shawarar tono a wurare biyu maƙwabta da ba su da matsala, Kafr Sheikh Zikr da Suwa, waɗanda suka zama tsoffin ''wuraren'' tarihi na Per-Sopdu. Duk da haka, kamar Naville da ya gabace shi, Petrie bai taɓa buga cikakken rahoto game da waɗannan tono ba. {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} Daga baya Saft el-Hinna ya shiga cikin binciken saman ƙasa guda biyu, Aikin Wadi Tumilat da aka fara a 1977, da kuma Binciken Jami'ar Liverpool Delta (1983–85). Steven Snape ne ya jagoranci na ƙarshe, wanda ya yi tsokaci cewa daga cikin tarkacen da Naville ya bayyana ƙarni da ya gabata, kusan babu abin da ya rage. {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} Ta hanyar haɗa shaidun kayan tarihi da na ilimin falsafa, yanzu an san cewa an raba yankin tsarki na Per-Sopdu zuwa sassa biyu, waɗanda ake kira ''Hut-nebes'' da ''Iat-nebes'', waɗanda aka haɗa ta da ''dromos'' . {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} == Hotunan Hotuna == <gallery> Fayil:Etched_carnelian_beads_Egypt_Ptolemaic_Period,_London,_Petrie_Museum_of_Egyptian_Archaeology_UC51264_(detail).jpg|alt=Characteristic Indian etched carnelian bead, found in Ptolemaic Period excavations at Saft el-Hinna, Ptolemaic Egypt. Petrie Museum.| An samo wani dutse mai siffar carnelian na Indiya da aka sassaka, a lokacin haƙa ramin Ptolemaic a Saft el-Hinna, Ptolemaic Egypt . Gidan Tarihi na Petrie . Fayil:Naos_Decades_Grand_Palais_08122006_05.jpg|alt=The reassembled “Naos of the Decades”, originally placed in the temple at Saft el-Hinna.| An sake haɗa "Naos of the Decades", wanda aka sanya shi a cikin haikalin da ke Saft el-Hinna. </gallery> == Duba kuma == * Jerin wuraren tarihi na Masar, gami da wuraren haikali == Manazarta == qmiqp7ahm0fmdzeq0h4h2kfzpzdh48x 842761 842760 2026-05-29T20:50:24Z Engineer014 44591 842761 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ƙauyen Saft el-Hinna na zamani yana kan [[Tsohuwar Masar|tsohon garin Masar]] na '''Per-Sopdu''' ko '''Pi-Sopt''', ma'ana "Gidan Sopdu", wanda shine babban birnin nome na 20 na Ƙasashen Masar kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin bauta a lokacin Ƙarshen Zamanin Masar na dā . Kamar yadda sunan tsohuwar ya nuna, an keɓe garin ga Sopdu, allahn iyakokin gabashin Masar. {{Sfn|Shaw|Nicholson|1995}} {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} A ƙarshen Zamanin Tsakiya na Uku, Per-Sopdu - wanda ake kira ''Pishaptu'' ko ''Pisapti'', a Akkadian, ta hannun mayaƙan Neo-Assuriya - shine wurin zama na ɗaya daga cikin ''manyan masarautu huɗu na [[Meshwesh]]'', tare da Mendes, Sebennytos da Busiris . {{Sfn|Kitchen|1996}} Sunan birnin na zamanin da shi ne '''Tiarabya''' ( Coptic , Arabic ) domin kuwa babban birni ne a gabashin yankin Nilu Delta wanda ke da irin wannan suna. == tono ƙasa == A watan Disamba na shekarar 1884, masanin kimiyyar ƙasar Masar na ƙasar Switzerland Édouard Naville yana gudanar da bincike a Wadi Tumilat a madadin Asusun Binciken Masar . Ya je Saft el-Hinna, wani ƙauye na manoman ''[[Lalle|hinna]]'', kuma a can ya sami alamun tsohon birnin a ƙarƙashin matsugunin zamani. Ya yi imanin cewa ya sami tsohon birnin Phacusa a cikin ƙasar Goshen da aka rubuta a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki, kodayake a zamanin yau ana ɗauka cewa Phacusa yana ƙarƙashin garin Faqus na zamani. Duk da cewa wurin tarihi yana fuskantar barazana daga ci gaban birane da faɗaɗa amfanin gona, Naville ta sami nasarar gano wasu abubuwan tarihi na Fir'auna Nectanebo na ɗaya na Daular 30, bangon kewaye na haikali, da sauran shaidu da suka shafi zamanin Ptolemaic da Romawa . Abin takaici, bai taɓa buga cikakken rahoton haƙa ba. {{Sfn|Naville|1887}} {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} Daga cikin abubuwan da aka gano kwanan nan a Nectanebo I, Naville ta sami wani naos da aka keɓe wa Sopdu. Daga baya aka gano cewa ''naos'' ɗaya ne daga cikin huɗu da aka yi niyya su kasance a cikin haikalin wanda Naville ya gano ganuwarsa a ƙarƙashin Saft el-Hinna. Sauran ''naoi'' uku kuma an gano su, kodayake a wasu wurare a Delta ba ''a wurin ba'' . Ɗaya an keɓe shi ga Shu ; an sami sassansa a Abukir kuma ana kiransa Naos na Shekaru Goma . Wani kuma an keɓe shi ga Tefnut, kuma an gano ɗaya da ba a kiyaye shi sosai a Arish . Duk banda na ƙarshe (saboda ƙarancin kiyaye shi) ana tsammanin an danganta shi da Nectanebo I. {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} A shekarar 1906, Flinders Petrie ya je Saft el-Hinna don gudanar da wani tono da nufin gano shaidar kasancewar Yahudawa a tsohuwar Masar. Ba da daɗewa ba ya gano cewa yanayin wurin ya fi muni fiye da lokacin Naville. Ya yanke shawarar tono a wurare biyu maƙwabta da ba su da matsala, Kafr Sheikh Zikr da Suwa, waɗanda suka zama tsoffin ''wuraren'' tarihi na Per-Sopdu. Duk da haka, kamar Naville da ya gabace shi, Petrie bai taɓa buga cikakken rahoto game da waɗannan tono ba. {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} Daga baya Saft el-Hinna ya shiga cikin binciken saman ƙasa guda biyu, Aikin Wadi Tumilat da aka fara a 1977, da kuma Binciken Jami'ar Liverpool Delta (1983–85). Steven Snape ne ya jagoranci na ƙarshe, wanda ya yi tsokaci cewa daga cikin tarkacen da Naville ya bayyana ƙarni da ya gabata, kusan babu abin da ya rage. {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} Ta hanyar haɗa shaidun kayan tarihi da na ilimin falsafa, yanzu an san cewa an raba yankin tsarki na Per-Sopdu zuwa sassa biyu, waɗanda ake kira ''Hut-nebes'' da ''Iat-nebes'', waɗanda aka haɗa ta da ''dromos'' . {{Sfn|Tiribilli|2012}} == Hotunan Hotuna == <gallery> Fayil:Etched_carnelian_beads_Egypt_Ptolemaic_Period,_London,_Petrie_Museum_of_Egyptian_Archaeology_UC51264_(detail).jpg|alt=Characteristic Indian etched carnelian bead, found in Ptolemaic Period excavations at Saft el-Hinna, Ptolemaic Egypt. Petrie Museum.| An samo wani dutse mai siffar carnelian na Indiya da aka sassaka, a lokacin haƙa ramin Ptolemaic a Saft el-Hinna, Ptolemaic Egypt . Gidan Tarihi na Petrie . Fayil:Naos_Decades_Grand_Palais_08122006_05.jpg|alt=The reassembled “Naos of the Decades”, originally placed in the temple at Saft el-Hinna.| An sake haɗa "Naos of the Decades", wanda aka sanya shi a cikin haikalin da ke Saft el-Hinna. </gallery> == Duba kuma == * Jerin wuraren tarihi na Masar, gami da wuraren haikali == Manazarta == p1ydnxvvawt0c4530mxpj00581snj5s 0 153207 842763 2026-05-29T20:53:48Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350773333|Story of Wenamun]]" 842763 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Labarin Wenamun''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Rahoton Wenamun''', '''Misadventures of Wenamun''', '''Voyage of Unamūn''', ko kuma kawai '''Wenamun''' ) wani rubutu ne na adabi da aka rubuta a cikin [[Hieratic|tsarin rubutu]] a cikin harshen [[Harshen Misira|Masar na ƙarshe]] . An san shi ne kawai daga kwafin da bai cika ba wanda aka gano a cikin 1890 a al-Hibah, [[Misra|Masar]], kuma daga baya masanin kimiyyar Masar Vladimir Golenishchev na Rasha ya saya a 1891 a [[Kairo|Alkahira]] . An same shi a cikin kwalba tare da Onomasticon na Amenope da Tale of Woe . Labarin ya ƙunshi cakuda rubuce-rubucen adabi tare da salon rubutu na gudanarwa, wanda ya haifar da rashin tabbas na dogon lokaci game da ko labarin ƙagagge ne ko kuma ainihin takardar tarihi. Duk da haka, masana sun yarda da mahimmancinsa wajen nuna yanayin siyasa da addini na Masar a lokacin sauyi tsakanin [[Sabuwar Masarautar Masar|Sabuwar Masarauta]] da Zamanin Tsakiya na Uku . Yanzu haka takardar papyrus tana cikin tarin Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Pushkin, [[Moscow]], kuma an sanya ta a hukumance a matsayin ''Papyrus Pushkin 120.'' An buga rubutun matsayi a duk duniya bayan samun sabon mallakarsa a shekarar 1960, kuma Gardiner ya buga rubutun [[Hotunan Masar|matsayi]] a shekarar 1932. An yi amfani da rubutun gaba ɗaya a cikin dijital a shekarar 2007. == Ganowa == Papyrus mai shafuka biyu ba a tabbatar da shi ba . An ruwaito cewa an gano shi a wani haƙa rami da aka yi ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a al-Hibah, Masar, kuma Vladimir Golenishchev ne ya saye shi a tsakanin 1891-92. Golenishchev ya buga rubutun a tsakanin 1897-99. == Takaitaccen Bayani == [[Fayil:Wenamun-Ende.jpg|left|thumb|Shafi na biyu (na ƙarshe) na papyrus]] [[Fayil:Pulasti_(Philistine)_and_Tsakkaras_(painting).png|left|thumb|Tjekers ƙungiya ce ta mutanen Teku masu ƙarfi. A nan an nuna su suna yaƙi da Filistiyawa .]] Babban jarumin, Wenamun, firist na Amun a Karnak, an aika shi ne ta hannun Babban Firist na Amun, Herihor, zuwa birnin Byblos na [[Phoenicia|Phoenician]] don siyan itacen al'ul . Itacen al'ul na [[Lebanon]] ( <nowiki><i id="mwWg">Cedrus Libani</i></nowiki> ) an yi masa matuƙar sha'awar amfani da shi a gini, kuma an ba Wenamun aikin siyan sa don sauƙaƙe ƙirƙirar sabon jirgin ruwa don jigilar [[Gumaka|siffar]] Amun. Bayan ya ziyarci Smendes (Nesbanebded a Masar) a Tanis, Wenamun ya tsaya a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Dor wadda yarima Tjeker Beder ke mulkinta. Abin baƙin ciki ga Wenamun, a lokacin zamansa ɗaya daga cikin matuƙan jirgin ruwansa ya bar ma'aikatan jirgin, yana satar duk zinare da azurfa na Wenamun a cikin wannan aikin. Wenamun ya roƙi Beder da ya rama masa kayansa da aka sace, domin alhakin garin ne ya biya wanda aka yi wa fashi idan ba a sami wanda ya aikata laifin ba. Duk da haka, saboda fashin da ya faru a bakin teku daga Dor, laifin ya faɗi a wajen ikon Beder kuma dole ne Wenamun ya tafi hannu wofi ya ci gaba da tafiyarsa zuwa Byblos. <ref name="King">{{Cite journal |last=King |first=Philip J. |date=2009 |title=ון-אמון עוגן בדור / Wenamun Docks at Dor |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23631351 |journal=Eretz-Israel: Archaeological, Historical and Geographical Studies |publisher=Israel Exploration Society |volume=2009 |pages=72–74 |jstor=23631351}}</ref> Wenamun ya yi mamakin irin tarbar da aka yi masa lokacin da ya isa Lebanon. Lokacin da ya samu damar ganawa da Zakar-Baal, sarkin yankin, na ƙarshe ya ƙi bayar da kayan da aka nema kyauta, kamar yadda aka saba yi a al'adar gargajiya; maimakon haka, Zakar-Baal ya nemi a biya shi kuɗi. Wenamun ya aika wa Smendes don neman kuɗin, wani abu mai ban kunya wanda ke nuna raguwar ikon [[Misra|Masar]] a kan Gabashin [[Bahar Rum]] . Bayan jira na kusan shekara guda a Byblos, Wenamun ya karɓi katakon, amma kafin ya fuskanci rundunar jiragen ruwa goma sha ɗaya na Tjeker. Tsakanin tafiyarsa daga Dor zuwa isowarsa Byblos, Wenamun ya yi ƙoƙarin yin fashi da makami ga Tjeker domin ya dawo da asarar da ya sha a lokacin satar zinariya da azurfarsa. Jirgin ruwan Wenamun ya sami damar gujewa kamawa kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin komawa Masar, sai kawai aka yi masa fashi da makami zuwa Alashiya ( [[Cyprus]] ). <ref name="Egberts">{{Cite journal |last=Egberts |first=Arno |date=1998 |title=Hard Times: The Chronology of "The Report of Wenamun" Revised |journal=Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde |volume=125 |issue=2 |pages=93–108 |doi=10.1524/zaes.1998.125.2.93}}</ref> Bayan isowarsa, wani taron jama'a da ya fusata ya kusa kashe shi kafin ya sanya kansa a ƙarƙashin kariyar sarauniyar yankin, wadda ya kira Hatbi. A wannan lokacin labarin ya ɓarke. == Soyayya == Labarin ya kasance a cikin wani "Shekara ta 5" mai rikitarwa, wanda galibi ake ɗauka a matsayin shekara ta biyar ta abin da ake kira Renaissance na [[Fir'auna]] Ramesses XI, mai mulki na goma kuma na ƙarshe na Daular Ashirin ta [[Tsohuwar Masar]] (1190–1077 KZ). Duk da haka, tun da Karl Jansen-Winkeln ya gabatar da shawarar sauya tsarin Manyan Firistoci na Amun, Herihor da Piankh, wannan rubutun ya zama abin jayayya. <ref name="Jansen-Winkeln">{{Cite journal |last=Jansen-Winkeln |first=Karl |date=1992 |title=Das Ende des Neuen Reiches |url=https://doi.org/10.1524/zaes.1992.119.1.22 |journal=Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde |volume=119 |issue=1 |pages=22–37 |doi=10.1524/zaes.1992.119.1.22 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Ganin cewa firist na Herihor ya faɗi ƙasa da na Piankh, wanda aka tabbatar a shekara ta 7 ta Renaissance, <ref name="Nims">{{Cite journal |last=Nims |first=Charles F. |date=1948 |title=An Oracle Dated in 'The Repeating of Births' |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/542531 |journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=157–62 |doi=10.1086/370874 |jstor=542531}}</ref> ranar da ke cikin taken ''Wenamun'' ya kamata ta koma ga magajin Ramesses XI kai tsaye (ko a kaikaice). Bayan Jansen-Winkeln, Arno Egberts ya yi jayayya cewa labarin an saita shi ne a shekara ta biyar ta sarauta ta Smendes I, wanda ya kafa Daular Ashirin da Ɗaya da ke Delta . <ref name="Egberts">{{Cite journal |last=Egberts |first=Arno |date=1998 |title=Hard Times: The Chronology of "The Report of Wenamun" Revised |journal=Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde |volume=125 |issue=2 |pages=93–108 |doi=10.1524/zaes.1998.125.2.93}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFEgberts1998">Egberts, Arno (1998). "Hard Times: The Chronology of "The Report of Wenamun" Revised". ''Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde''. '''125''' (2): <span class="nowrap">93–</span>108. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1524/zaes.1998.125.2.93|10.1524/zaes.1998.125.2.93]].</cite></ref> Kwanan nan, wani bayani da Ad Thijs ya bayar ya fito daga bakin Ad Thijs wanda ya danganta rubutun da shekara ta 5 ta "sarki" Pinedjem I, wanda shi ne magajin Ramesses XI a cikin tsarin tarihinsa na daban, wanda ya dogara ne akan juyin mulkin Manyan Firistoci da Jansen-Winkeln ya gabatar. == Tsarin aiki da tsari == [[Fayil:Путешествие_Унамона_в_Библ.jpg|left|thumb|''Labarin asalin takardar Wenamun'', wadda yanzu take cikin Gidan Tarihi na Pushkin da ke Moscow.]] Papyrus ɗin kansa ya bambanta da sauran rubuce-rubucen Masar, domin nau'in rubutu na yau da kullun yana tafiya daga dama zuwa hagu tare da gungura a tsaye. An rubuta ''Labarin Wenamun'' tare da gungura a tsaye, salon rubutun da ba a saba gani ba a labaran Masar, amma ya yi daidai da takardun tarihi. <ref name="Ast et al">{{Cite book|editor-first2=Yuen-Collingridge}}</ref> Tsarin papyrus ɗin da ba a saba gani ba shine ɗaya daga cikin hujjojin farko da ke goyon bayan ''Wenamun'' a matsayin rubutun tarihi maimakon almara. Abu mafi mahimmanci, a ƙarshen rubutun, da ɗan ƙaramin hannu, an rubuta harafin " ''kwafi'' ", wanda ke nuna cewa rubutun da ya tsira ba shine sigar asali ba. Dangane da tsarin da ba a saba gani ba, yana yiwuwa wani wanda ya ƙware a tsara takardu na tarihi ne ya rubuta kwafin. Bangaren baya na papyrus ɗin ya ƙunshi rubutu da ke damuwa, kamar yadda masana tarihi za su iya gani, "aikawa da kayayyaki ta hanyar Ni-ki [...] ta hanyar hukumar Ne-pz-Krt" don biyan kuɗi da ba a bayyana ba. Ganin cewa ɓangarorin biyu na papyrus sun shafi kayan ciniki, akwai yiwuwar samun wata alaƙa a tsakaninsu. Misali, mutumin da ya rubuta aika kayayyaki yana iya zama wani nau'in ɗan kasuwa ko ɗan kasuwa wanda ke da sha'awar ƙwararru ko ta kashin kansa game da yadda aka sayi kayayyaki kamar itacen al'ul a zamanin da. Haka kuma, yana yiwuwa ɓangarorin biyu ba su da alaƙa kuma abin da ya haɗu na cinikin kayayyaki ya faru ne kawai. Misali, marubucin da ke kwafi ''Wenuman'' yana iya buƙatar yanki mai tsabta na papryus kuma ya zaɓi bayanan kayayyaki bazuwar, ba tare da niyyar nuna wata alaƙa tsakanin su biyun ba. == Bincike da fassarori == === Takardar tarihi idan aka kwatanta da ta almara === [[Fayil:Wenamuns-Reise.jpg|thumb|Hanyar da aka bayyana ta Wenamun (sunayen wurare a [[Jamusanci]] )]] Tattaunawa kan rubutun ya fi mayar da hankali kan tambayar asalin takardar a matsayin ko dai labarin tarihi na gaske ko kuma aikin almara. A da an yi imani da cewa ''Labarin Wenamun'' wani labari ne na tarihi na gaske, wanda wani firist na gaske mai suna Wenamun ya rubuta a matsayin rahoton tafiye-tafiyensa. Duk da haka, nazarin adabi da masana kimiyyar Masar suka gudanar tun daga shekarun 1980 ya nuna cewa aikin almara ne na tarihi, ra'ayi da yawancin ƙwararru ke amincewa da shi yanzu. A shekarar 1952, Jaroslav Černý ya gano cewa rubutun ba shi da wani gyara, kuma a bayyane yake an rubuta shi ba tare da wani katsewa ba. Wannan, ban da salon rubutu na yau da kullun wanda ba na adabi ba ne, ya sa yawancin masana tarihi suka fara kallon takardar a matsayin ainihin tushen tarihi. Daga baya masana kimiyyar Masar kamar Wolfgang Helck sun ƙalubalanci wannan ra'ayi, suna nuni zuwa ga labarin rubutun da ba shi da gaskiya da kuma gaskiyar cewa an same shi a cikin ɗakin karatu na mutum. <ref name="Sass">{{Cite journal |last=Sass |first=Benjamin |date=2002 |title=Wenamun and His Levant — 1075 Bc or 925 Bc? |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/23788577 |journal=Ägypten und Levante / Egypt and the Levant |volume=12 |pages=247–55 |jstor=23788577 |access-date=}}</ref> Egberts (2001:495) ya yi la'akari da wasu hanyoyin adabi don tallafawa hujjar cewa rubutun almara ne; waɗannan fasalulluka sun haɗa da makirci mai zurfi, maganganu da ba'a na tattaunawa, hotuna, da kuma tunani mai zurfi kan batutuwan siyasa, tauhidi, da al'adu. Siffofin nahawu kuma suna nuna yanayin adabi na rubutun, musamman cewa an rubuta abubuwan da ke ciki a cikin Late Egyptian. <ref name="Baines">{{Cite book|doi=Baines}}</ref> Wasu sun fassara fannoni na adabi da lokacin rikitarwa a matsayin alama cewa wataƙila an fara ba da labarin a cikin baki kafin a rubuta shi (Shipper 2005:328). === Rashin daidaiton yanki === Rashin daidaiton yanayin ƙasa na labarin kuma yana nuna tushe a cikin adabi maimakon gaskiya. Masanin ilimin Masar [[Alessandra Nibbi]] ta rubuta labarai da dama inda ta yi ƙoƙarin nuna cewa fassarar zamani da yawa na nassoshi na ƙasa a cikin rubuce-rubucen Masar na dā ba daidai ba ne. Sakamakon bincikenta, ta "canza" wuraren da aka ambata a cikin ''Labarin Wenamun'', tana tsammanin Wenamun ta yi tafiya ta cikin rafin Tumilat zuwa [[Tafkin Timsah]] . <ref name="Nibbi">{{Cite journal |last=Nibbi |first=Alessandra |date=2002 |title=Wenamun without Cypress |journal=Discussions in Egyptology |volume=53 |pages=71–74}}</ref> Duk da cewa manyan malamai ba su yarda da sakamakonta ba, aikinta ya haifar da sake nazarin wasu kalmomi. <ref name="Friedman">{{Cite journal |last=Friedman |first=Florence |date=1975 |title=On the Meaning of W3ḏ-Wr in Selected Literary Texts |journal=Göttinger Miszellen |location=Gottingen |volume=17 |pages=15–21}}</ref> === Zato game da sanin mutane da wurare === Abubuwan adabi a cikin rubutun da suka tsira (kamar lokacin "mai kyau da ba za a iya faɗi gaskiya ba" da Egberts ya nuna) sun nuna cewa tsakanin abubuwan da aka bayyana da kuma rubuta kwafin da ya tsira, an sake yin aikin labarin don ya jawo hankalin masu sauraro da yawa. Ba a gabatar da yawancin manyan jaruman labarin yadda ya kamata ba, wanda ke nufin cewa labarin ya zama almara a lokacin da yawancin sunaye da yanayi har yanzu ana iya gane su ga mai karatu mai ilimi. Misali a nan shi ne batun da ba a san shi ba game da " ''manzannin Khaemwase waɗanda suka yi shekaru 17 a wannan ƙasar kuma suka mutu a matsayinsu'' " a layi na 2, 51-53. Wannan a ka'ida yana iya nufin Ramesses IX, Ramesses XI, ko ɗan Ramses II ; gaskiyar cewa marubucin bai ƙayyade sunan Fir'auna ba yana nuna cewa ana iya tsammanin masu karatu su san wanene ake ambatonsa. == Muhimmancin takardar == ''Labarin Wenamun'' tushe ne na bayanai kan yanayin Masar da Finikiya. Takardar ta nuna ra'ayoyi iri ɗaya game da addini (musamman addinin Amon ), yanayin ayyukan jigilar kaya na Bahar Rum, har ma da ra'ayoyin sarakunan ƙasashen waje game da ikirarin Masar na iko a yankin. Takardar ta haskaka gaskiyar cewa yawancin cinikin da ke tsakanin waɗannan yankuna biyu a wannan lokacin an gina shi ne akan addini. Wenamun ɗan kasuwa ne kuma firist, ba wai kawai yana ciniki a kan kayayyaki ba, har ma a cikin ra'ayoyinsa game da Amun lokacin da yake tattaunawa da Sarkin Byblos. <ref name="Evian">{{Cite journal |last=Evian |first=Shirly Ben-Dor |date=2017 |title=Amun-of-the-Road: Trade and Religious Mobility between Egypt and the Levant at the Turn of the First Millennium BCE |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26384888 |journal=Die Welt des Orients |publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (GmbH & Co. KG) |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=61–62 |jstor=26384888 |access-date=}}</ref> Fifikon [[Fir'auna]] a Masar shi ma wani batu ne da ake tantama a kai. Ba a taɓa ambaton Fir'auna na yanzu ba a lokacin tafiyar Wenamun; maimakon haka, Babban Firist na Amun ne ya ba Wenamun aikinsa, wanda da alama yana iko da [[Thebes, Egypt|Thebes]] da tasiri mafi girma fiye da Fir'auna da kansa. Ƙarfin Fir'auna da ke raguwa ana iya ganinsa a cikin hulɗar da ke tsakanin Wenamun da mai kula da Zakar-Baal, inda aka yi wata magana mai kama da ta yi kakkausar suka game da "inuwar Fir'auna". Wannan hulɗar tana da fassarori da yawa, ciki har da ra'ayin cewa Ramesses XI inuwar Fir'auna ce (a wata ma'anar, kwaikwayon Fir'auna mafi girma da tasiri a gabansa). Duk da haka, mafi yuwuwar lamarin shine cewa bawan yana nufin cewa Wenamun ba ya ƙarƙashin inuwar Fir'auna, yana nuna raguwar tasirin Masar a lokacin. <ref name="Jackson">{{Cite journal |last=Jackson |first=Howard M. |date=1995 |title="The Shadow of Pharaoh, Your Lord, Falls upon You": Once again Wenamun 2.46 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/545847 |journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies |publisher=University of Chicago Press |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=273–86 |doi=10.1086/373770 |jstor=26384888}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references> <ref name="Ast et al">{{Cite book|editor-first2=Yuen-Collingridge}}</ref> <ref name="Baines">{{Cite book|doi=Baines}}</ref> <ref name="Biase-Dyson">{{Cite book}}</ref> <ref name="Caminos">{{Cite book}}</ref> <ref name="Egberts">{{Cite journal |last=Egberts |first=Arno |date=1998 |title=Hard Times: The Chronology of "The Report of Wenamun" Revised |journal=Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde |volume=125 |issue=2 |pages=93–108 |doi=10.1524/zaes.1998.125.2.93}}</ref> <ref name="Evian">{{Cite journal |last=Evian |first=Shirly Ben-Dor |date=2017 |title=Amun-of-the-Road: Trade and Religious Mobility between Egypt and the Levant at the Turn of the First Millennium BCE |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26384888 |journal=Die Welt des Orients |publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (GmbH & Co. KG) |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=61–62 |jstor=26384888 |access-date=}}</ref> <ref name="Friedman">{{Cite journal |last=Friedman |first=Florence |date=1975 |title=On the Meaning of W3ḏ-Wr in Selected Literary Texts |journal=Göttinger Miszellen |location=Gottingen |volume=17 |pages=15–21}}</ref> <ref name="Helck">{{Cite book}}</ref> <ref name="Jackson">{{Cite journal |last=Jackson |first=Howard M. |date=1995 |title="The Shadow of Pharaoh, Your Lord, Falls upon You": Once again Wenamun 2.46 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/545847 |journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies |publisher=University of Chicago Press |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=273–86 |doi=10.1086/373770 |jstor=26384888}}</ref> <ref name="Jansen-Winkeln">{{Cite journal |last=Jansen-Winkeln |first=Karl |date=1992 |title=Das Ende des Neuen Reiches |url=https://doi.org/10.1524/zaes.1992.119.1.22 |journal=Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde |volume=119 |issue=1 |pages=22–37 |doi=10.1524/zaes.1992.119.1.22 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="King">{{Cite journal |last=King |first=Philip J. |date=2009 |title=ון-אמון עוגן בדור / Wenamun Docks at Dor |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23631351 |journal=Eretz-Israel: Archaeological, Historical and Geographical Studies |publisher=Israel Exploration Society |volume=2009 |pages=72–74 |jstor=23631351}}</ref> <ref name="Malamat">{{Cite book}}</ref> <ref name="Nibbi">{{Cite journal |last=Nibbi |first=Alessandra |date=2002 |title=Wenamun without Cypress |journal=Discussions in Egyptology |volume=53 |pages=71–74}}</ref> <ref name="Nims">{{Cite journal |last=Nims |first=Charles F. |date=1948 |title=An Oracle Dated in 'The Repeating of Births' |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/542531 |journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=157–62 |doi=10.1086/370874 |jstor=542531}}</ref> <ref name="Sass">{{Cite journal |last=Sass |first=Benjamin |date=2002 |title=Wenamun and His Levant — 1075 Bc or 925 Bc? |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/23788577 |journal=Ägypten und Levante / Egypt and the Levant |volume=12 |pages=247–55 |jstor=23788577 |access-date=}}</ref> <ref name="Schipper">{{Cite book}}</ref> </references> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] mf6vrudfdbop58p88xr6227dqvc72du 842764 842763 2026-05-29T20:54:19Z Engineer014 44591 842764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Labarin Wenamun''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Rahoton Wenamun''', '''Misadventures of Wenamun''', '''Voyage of Unamūn''', ko kuma kawai '''Wenamun''' ) wani rubutu ne na adabi da aka rubuta a cikin [[Hieratic|tsarin rubutu]] a cikin harshen [[Harshen Misira|Masar na ƙarshe]] . An san shi ne kawai daga kwafin da bai cika ba wanda aka gano a cikin 1890 a al-Hibah, [[Misra|Masar]], kuma daga baya masanin kimiyyar Masar Vladimir Golenishchev na Rasha ya saya a 1891 a [[Kairo|Alkahira]] . An same shi a cikin kwalba tare da Onomasticon na Amenope da Tale of Woe . Labarin ya ƙunshi cakuda rubuce-rubucen adabi tare da salon rubutu na gudanarwa, wanda ya haifar da rashin tabbas na dogon lokaci game da ko labarin ƙagagge ne ko kuma ainihin takardar tarihi. Duk da haka, masana sun yarda da mahimmancinsa wajen nuna yanayin siyasa da addini na Masar a lokacin sauyi tsakanin [[Sabuwar Masarautar Masar|Sabuwar Masarauta]] da Zamanin Tsakiya na Uku . Yanzu haka takardar papyrus tana cikin tarin Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Pushkin, [[Moscow]], kuma an sanya ta a hukumance a matsayin ''Papyrus Pushkin 120.'' An buga rubutun matsayi a duk duniya bayan samun sabon mallakarsa a shekarar 1960, kuma Gardiner ya buga rubutun [[Hotunan Masar|matsayi]] a shekarar 1932. An yi amfani da rubutun gaba ɗaya a cikin dijital a shekarar 2007. == Ganowa == Papyrus mai shafuka biyu ba a tabbatar da shi ba . An ruwaito cewa an gano shi a wani haƙa rami da aka yi ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a al-Hibah, Masar, kuma Vladimir Golenishchev ne ya saye shi a tsakanin 1891-92. Golenishchev ya buga rubutun a tsakanin 1897-99. == Takaitaccen Bayani == [[Fayil:Wenamun-Ende.jpg|left|thumb|Shafi na biyu (na ƙarshe) na papyrus]] [[Fayil:Pulasti_(Philistine)_and_Tsakkaras_(painting).png|left|thumb|Tjekers ƙungiya ce ta mutanen Teku masu ƙarfi. A nan an nuna su suna yaƙi da Filistiyawa .]] Babban jarumin, Wenamun, firist na Amun a Karnak, an aika shi ne ta hannun Babban Firist na Amun, Herihor, zuwa birnin Byblos na [[Phoenicia|Phoenician]] don siyan itacen al'ul . Itacen al'ul na [[Lebanon]] ( <nowiki><i id="mwWg">Cedrus Libani</i></nowiki> ) an yi masa matuƙar sha'awar amfani da shi a gini, kuma an ba Wenamun aikin siyan sa don sauƙaƙe ƙirƙirar sabon jirgin ruwa don jigilar [[Gumaka|siffar]] Amun. Bayan ya ziyarci Smendes (Nesbanebded a Masar) a Tanis, Wenamun ya tsaya a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Dor wadda yarima Tjeker Beder ke mulkinta. Abin baƙin ciki ga Wenamun, a lokacin zamansa ɗaya daga cikin matuƙan jirgin ruwansa ya bar ma'aikatan jirgin, yana satar duk zinare da azurfa na Wenamun a cikin wannan aikin. Wenamun ya roƙi Beder da ya rama masa kayansa da aka sace, domin alhakin garin ne ya biya wanda aka yi wa fashi idan ba a sami wanda ya aikata laifin ba. Duk da haka, saboda fashin da ya faru a bakin teku daga Dor, laifin ya faɗi a wajen ikon Beder kuma dole ne Wenamun ya tafi hannu wofi ya ci gaba da tafiyarsa zuwa Byblos. <ref name="King">{{Cite journal |last=King |first=Philip J. |date=2009 |title=ון-אמון עוגן בדור / Wenamun Docks at Dor |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23631351 |journal=Eretz-Israel: Archaeological, Historical and Geographical Studies |publisher=Israel Exploration Society |volume=2009 |pages=72–74 |jstor=23631351}}</ref> Wenamun ya yi mamakin irin tarbar da aka yi masa lokacin da ya isa Lebanon. Lokacin da ya samu damar ganawa da Zakar-Baal, sarkin yankin, na ƙarshe ya ƙi bayar da kayan da aka nema kyauta, kamar yadda aka saba yi a al'adar gargajiya; maimakon haka, Zakar-Baal ya nemi a biya shi kuɗi. Wenamun ya aika wa Smendes don neman kuɗin, wani abu mai ban kunya wanda ke nuna raguwar ikon [[Misra|Masar]] a kan Gabashin [[Bahar Rum]] . Bayan jira na kusan shekara guda a Byblos, Wenamun ya karɓi katakon, amma kafin ya fuskanci rundunar jiragen ruwa goma sha ɗaya na Tjeker. Tsakanin tafiyarsa daga Dor zuwa isowarsa Byblos, Wenamun ya yi ƙoƙarin yin fashi da makami ga Tjeker domin ya dawo da asarar da ya sha a lokacin satar zinariya da azurfarsa. Jirgin ruwan Wenamun ya sami damar gujewa kamawa kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin komawa Masar, sai kawai aka yi masa fashi da makami zuwa Alashiya ( [[Cyprus]] ). <ref name="Egberts">{{Cite journal |last=Egberts |first=Arno |date=1998 |title=Hard Times: The Chronology of "The Report of Wenamun" Revised |journal=Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde |volume=125 |issue=2 |pages=93–108 |doi=10.1524/zaes.1998.125.2.93}}</ref> Bayan isowarsa, wani taron jama'a da ya fusata ya kusa kashe shi kafin ya sanya kansa a ƙarƙashin kariyar sarauniyar yankin, wadda ya kira Hatbi. A wannan lokacin labarin ya ɓarke. == Soyayya == Labarin ya kasance a cikin wani "Shekara ta 5" mai rikitarwa, wanda galibi ake ɗauka a matsayin shekara ta biyar ta abin da ake kira Renaissance na [[Fir'auna]] Ramesses XI, mai mulki na goma kuma na ƙarshe na Daular Ashirin ta [[Tsohuwar Masar]] (1190–1077 KZ). Duk da haka, tun da Karl Jansen-Winkeln ya gabatar da shawarar sauya tsarin Manyan Firistoci na Amun, Herihor da Piankh, wannan rubutun ya zama abin jayayya. <ref name="Jansen-Winkeln">{{Cite journal |last=Jansen-Winkeln |first=Karl |date=1992 |title=Das Ende des Neuen Reiches |url=https://doi.org/10.1524/zaes.1992.119.1.22 |journal=Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde |volume=119 |issue=1 |pages=22–37 |doi=10.1524/zaes.1992.119.1.22 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Ganin cewa firist na Herihor ya faɗi ƙasa da na Piankh, wanda aka tabbatar a shekara ta 7 ta Renaissance, <ref name="Nims">{{Cite journal |last=Nims |first=Charles F. |date=1948 |title=An Oracle Dated in 'The Repeating of Births' |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/542531 |journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=157–62 |doi=10.1086/370874 |jstor=542531}}</ref> ranar da ke cikin taken ''Wenamun'' ya kamata ta koma ga magajin Ramesses XI kai tsaye (ko a kaikaice). Bayan Jansen-Winkeln, Arno Egberts ya yi jayayya cewa labarin an saita shi ne a shekara ta biyar ta sarauta ta Smendes I, wanda ya kafa Daular Ashirin da Ɗaya da ke Delta . <ref name="Egberts">{{Cite journal |last=Egberts |first=Arno |date=1998 |title=Hard Times: The Chronology of "The Report of Wenamun" Revised |journal=Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde |volume=125 |issue=2 |pages=93–108 |doi=10.1524/zaes.1998.125.2.93}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFEgberts1998">Egberts, Arno (1998). "Hard Times: The Chronology of "The Report of Wenamun" Revised". ''Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde''. '''125''' (2): <span class="nowrap">93–</span>108. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1524/zaes.1998.125.2.93|10.1524/zaes.1998.125.2.93]].</cite></ref> Kwanan nan, wani bayani da Ad Thijs ya bayar ya fito daga bakin Ad Thijs wanda ya danganta rubutun da shekara ta 5 ta "sarki" Pinedjem I, wanda shi ne magajin Ramesses XI a cikin tsarin tarihinsa na daban, wanda ya dogara ne akan juyin mulkin Manyan Firistoci da Jansen-Winkeln ya gabatar. == Tsarin aiki da tsari == [[Fayil:Путешествие_Унамона_в_Библ.jpg|left|thumb|''Labarin asalin takardar Wenamun'', wadda yanzu take cikin Gidan Tarihi na Pushkin da ke Moscow.]] Papyrus ɗin kansa ya bambanta da sauran rubuce-rubucen Masar, domin nau'in rubutu na yau da kullun yana tafiya daga dama zuwa hagu tare da gungura a tsaye. An rubuta ''Labarin Wenamun'' tare da gungura a tsaye, salon rubutun da ba a saba gani ba a labaran Masar, amma ya yi daidai da takardun tarihi. <ref name="Ast et al">{{Cite book|editor-first2=Yuen-Collingridge}}</ref> Tsarin papyrus ɗin da ba a saba gani ba shine ɗaya daga cikin hujjojin farko da ke goyon bayan ''Wenamun'' a matsayin rubutun tarihi maimakon almara. Abu mafi mahimmanci, a ƙarshen rubutun, da ɗan ƙaramin hannu, an rubuta harafin " ''kwafi'' ", wanda ke nuna cewa rubutun da ya tsira ba shine sigar asali ba. Dangane da tsarin da ba a saba gani ba, yana yiwuwa wani wanda ya ƙware a tsara takardu na tarihi ne ya rubuta kwafin. Bangaren baya na papyrus ɗin ya ƙunshi rubutu da ke damuwa, kamar yadda masana tarihi za su iya gani, "aikawa da kayayyaki ta hanyar Ni-ki [...] ta hanyar hukumar Ne-pz-Krt" don biyan kuɗi da ba a bayyana ba. Ganin cewa ɓangarorin biyu na papyrus sun shafi kayan ciniki, akwai yiwuwar samun wata alaƙa a tsakaninsu. Misali, mutumin da ya rubuta aika kayayyaki yana iya zama wani nau'in ɗan kasuwa ko ɗan kasuwa wanda ke da sha'awar ƙwararru ko ta kashin kansa game da yadda aka sayi kayayyaki kamar itacen al'ul a zamanin da. Haka kuma, yana yiwuwa ɓangarorin biyu ba su da alaƙa kuma abin da ya haɗu na cinikin kayayyaki ya faru ne kawai. Misali, marubucin da ke kwafi ''Wenuman'' yana iya buƙatar yanki mai tsabta na papryus kuma ya zaɓi bayanan kayayyaki bazuwar, ba tare da niyyar nuna wata alaƙa tsakanin su biyun ba. == Bincike da fassarori == === Takardar tarihi idan aka kwatanta da ta almara === [[Fayil:Wenamuns-Reise.jpg|thumb|Hanyar da aka bayyana ta Wenamun (sunayen wurare a [[Jamusanci]] )]] Tattaunawa kan rubutun ya fi mayar da hankali kan tambayar asalin takardar a matsayin ko dai labarin tarihi na gaske ko kuma aikin almara. A da an yi imani da cewa ''Labarin Wenamun'' wani labari ne na tarihi na gaske, wanda wani firist na gaske mai suna Wenamun ya rubuta a matsayin rahoton tafiye-tafiyensa. Duk da haka, nazarin adabi da masana kimiyyar Masar suka gudanar tun daga shekarun 1980 ya nuna cewa aikin almara ne na tarihi, ra'ayi da yawancin ƙwararru ke amincewa da shi yanzu. A shekarar 1952, Jaroslav Černý ya gano cewa rubutun ba shi da wani gyara, kuma a bayyane yake an rubuta shi ba tare da wani katsewa ba. Wannan, ban da salon rubutu na yau da kullun wanda ba na adabi ba ne, ya sa yawancin masana tarihi suka fara kallon takardar a matsayin ainihin tushen tarihi. Daga baya masana kimiyyar Masar kamar Wolfgang Helck sun ƙalubalanci wannan ra'ayi, suna nuni zuwa ga labarin rubutun da ba shi da gaskiya da kuma gaskiyar cewa an same shi a cikin ɗakin karatu na mutum. <ref name="Sass">{{Cite journal |last=Sass |first=Benjamin |date=2002 |title=Wenamun and His Levant — 1075 Bc or 925 Bc? |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/23788577 |journal=Ägypten und Levante / Egypt and the Levant |volume=12 |pages=247–55 |jstor=23788577 |access-date=}}</ref> Egberts (2001:495) ya yi la'akari da wasu hanyoyin adabi don tallafawa hujjar cewa rubutun almara ne; waɗannan fasalulluka sun haɗa da makirci mai zurfi, maganganu da ba'a na tattaunawa, hotuna, da kuma tunani mai zurfi kan batutuwan siyasa, tauhidi, da al'adu. Siffofin nahawu kuma suna nuna yanayin adabi na rubutun, musamman cewa an rubuta abubuwan da ke ciki a cikin Late Egyptian. <ref name="Baines">{{Cite book|doi=Baines}}</ref> Wasu sun fassara fannoni na adabi da lokacin rikitarwa a matsayin alama cewa wataƙila an fara ba da labarin a cikin baki kafin a rubuta shi (Shipper 2005:328). === Rashin daidaiton yanki === Rashin daidaiton yanayin ƙasa na labarin kuma yana nuna tushe a cikin adabi maimakon gaskiya. Masanin ilimin Masar [[Alessandra Nibbi]] ta rubuta labarai da dama inda ta yi ƙoƙarin nuna cewa fassarar zamani da yawa na nassoshi na ƙasa a cikin rubuce-rubucen Masar na dā ba daidai ba ne. Sakamakon bincikenta, ta "canza" wuraren da aka ambata a cikin ''Labarin Wenamun'', tana tsammanin Wenamun ta yi tafiya ta cikin rafin Tumilat zuwa [[Tafkin Timsah]] . <ref name="Nibbi">{{Cite journal |last=Nibbi |first=Alessandra |date=2002 |title=Wenamun without Cypress |journal=Discussions in Egyptology |volume=53 |pages=71–74}}</ref> Duk da cewa manyan malamai ba su yarda da sakamakonta ba, aikinta ya haifar da sake nazarin wasu kalmomi. <ref name="Friedman">{{Cite journal |last=Friedman |first=Florence |date=1975 |title=On the Meaning of W3ḏ-Wr in Selected Literary Texts |journal=Göttinger Miszellen |location=Gottingen |volume=17 |pages=15–21}}</ref> === Zato game da sanin mutane da wurare === Abubuwan adabi a cikin rubutun da suka tsira (kamar lokacin "mai kyau da ba za a iya faɗi gaskiya ba" da Egberts ya nuna) sun nuna cewa tsakanin abubuwan da aka bayyana da kuma rubuta kwafin da ya tsira, an sake yin aikin labarin don ya jawo hankalin masu sauraro da yawa. Ba a gabatar da yawancin manyan jaruman labarin yadda ya kamata ba, wanda ke nufin cewa labarin ya zama almara a lokacin da yawancin sunaye da yanayi har yanzu ana iya gane su ga mai karatu mai ilimi. Misali a nan shi ne batun da ba a san shi ba game da " ''manzannin Khaemwase waɗanda suka yi shekaru 17 a wannan ƙasar kuma suka mutu a matsayinsu'' " a layi na 2, 51-53. Wannan a ka'ida yana iya nufin Ramesses IX, Ramesses XI, ko ɗan Ramses II ; gaskiyar cewa marubucin bai ƙayyade sunan Fir'auna ba yana nuna cewa ana iya tsammanin masu karatu su san wanene ake ambatonsa. == Muhimmancin takardar == ''Labarin Wenamun'' tushe ne na bayanai kan yanayin Masar da Finikiya. Takardar ta nuna ra'ayoyi iri ɗaya game da addini (musamman addinin Amon ), yanayin ayyukan jigilar kaya na Bahar Rum, har ma da ra'ayoyin sarakunan ƙasashen waje game da ikirarin Masar na iko a yankin. Takardar ta haskaka gaskiyar cewa yawancin cinikin da ke tsakanin waɗannan yankuna biyu a wannan lokacin an gina shi ne akan addini. Wenamun ɗan kasuwa ne kuma firist, ba wai kawai yana ciniki a kan kayayyaki ba, har ma a cikin ra'ayoyinsa game da Amun lokacin da yake tattaunawa da Sarkin Byblos. <ref name="Evian">{{Cite journal |last=Evian |first=Shirly Ben-Dor |date=2017 |title=Amun-of-the-Road: Trade and Religious Mobility between Egypt and the Levant at the Turn of the First Millennium BCE |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26384888 |journal=Die Welt des Orients |publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (GmbH & Co. KG) |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=61–62 |jstor=26384888 |access-date=}}</ref> Fifikon [[Fir'auna]] a Masar shi ma wani batu ne da ake tantama a kai. Ba a taɓa ambaton Fir'auna na yanzu ba a lokacin tafiyar Wenamun; maimakon haka, Babban Firist na Amun ne ya ba Wenamun aikinsa, wanda da alama yana iko da [[Thebes, Egypt|Thebes]] da tasiri mafi girma fiye da Fir'auna da kansa. Ƙarfin Fir'auna da ke raguwa ana iya ganinsa a cikin hulɗar da ke tsakanin Wenamun da mai kula da Zakar-Baal, inda aka yi wata magana mai kama da ta yi kakkausar suka game da "inuwar Fir'auna". Wannan hulɗar tana da fassarori da yawa, ciki har da ra'ayin cewa Ramesses XI inuwar Fir'auna ce (a wata ma'anar, kwaikwayon Fir'auna mafi girma da tasiri a gabansa). Duk da haka, mafi yuwuwar lamarin shine cewa bawan yana nufin cewa Wenamun ba ya ƙarƙashin inuwar Fir'auna, yana nuna raguwar tasirin Masar a lokacin. <ref name="Jackson">{{Cite journal |last=Jackson |first=Howard M. |date=1995 |title="The Shadow of Pharaoh, Your Lord, Falls upon You": Once again Wenamun 2.46 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/545847 |journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies |publisher=University of Chicago Press |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=273–86 |doi=10.1086/373770 |jstor=26384888}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references> <ref name="Ast et al">{{Cite book|editor-first2=Yuen-Collingridge}}</ref> <ref name="Baines">{{Cite book|doi=Baines}}</ref> <ref name="Biase-Dyson">{{Cite book}}</ref> <ref name="Caminos">{{Cite book}}</ref> <ref name="Egberts">{{Cite journal |last=Egberts |first=Arno |date=1998 |title=Hard Times: The Chronology of "The Report of Wenamun" Revised |journal=Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde |volume=125 |issue=2 |pages=93–108 |doi=10.1524/zaes.1998.125.2.93}}</ref> <ref name="Evian">{{Cite journal |last=Evian |first=Shirly Ben-Dor |date=2017 |title=Amun-of-the-Road: Trade and Religious Mobility between Egypt and the Levant at the Turn of the First Millennium BCE |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26384888 |journal=Die Welt des Orients |publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (GmbH & Co. KG) |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=61–62 |jstor=26384888 |access-date=}}</ref> <ref name="Friedman">{{Cite journal |last=Friedman |first=Florence |date=1975 |title=On the Meaning of W3ḏ-Wr in Selected Literary Texts |journal=Göttinger Miszellen |location=Gottingen |volume=17 |pages=15–21}}</ref> <ref name="Helck">{{Cite book}}</ref> <ref name="Jackson">{{Cite journal |last=Jackson |first=Howard M. |date=1995 |title="The Shadow of Pharaoh, Your Lord, Falls upon You": Once again Wenamun 2.46 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/545847 |journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies |publisher=University of Chicago Press |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=273–86 |doi=10.1086/373770 |jstor=26384888}}</ref> <ref name="Jansen-Winkeln">{{Cite journal |last=Jansen-Winkeln |first=Karl |date=1992 |title=Das Ende des Neuen Reiches |url=https://doi.org/10.1524/zaes.1992.119.1.22 |journal=Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde |volume=119 |issue=1 |pages=22–37 |doi=10.1524/zaes.1992.119.1.22 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="King">{{Cite journal |last=King |first=Philip J. |date=2009 |title=ון-אמון עוגן בדור / Wenamun Docks at Dor |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23631351 |journal=Eretz-Israel: Archaeological, Historical and Geographical Studies |publisher=Israel Exploration Society |volume=2009 |pages=72–74 |jstor=23631351}}</ref> <ref name="Malamat">{{Cite book}}</ref> <ref name="Nibbi">{{Cite journal |last=Nibbi |first=Alessandra |date=2002 |title=Wenamun without Cypress |journal=Discussions in Egyptology |volume=53 |pages=71–74}}</ref> <ref name="Nims">{{Cite journal |last=Nims |first=Charles F. |date=1948 |title=An Oracle Dated in 'The Repeating of Births' |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/542531 |journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=157–62 |doi=10.1086/370874 |jstor=542531}}</ref> <ref name="Sass">{{Cite journal |last=Sass |first=Benjamin |date=2002 |title=Wenamun and His Levant — 1075 Bc or 925 Bc? |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/23788577 |journal=Ägypten und Levante / Egypt and the Levant |volume=12 |pages=247–55 |jstor=23788577 |access-date=}}</ref> <ref name="Schipper">{{Cite book}}</ref> </references> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] b3w5zzakhd4xbotvr19ramuisl63csw 0 153208 842768 2026-05-29T20:59:07Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350859713|Pithom]]" 842768 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pithom''' ( Ancient Egyptian ; Biblical Hebrew ; Koine Greek ko {{Lang|grc|Ἡρώωνπόλις}} {{Transl|grc|Hērṓōnpólis}}, da kuma {{Lang|grc|Πατούμος}} {{Transl|grc|Patoúmos}} ) tsohon birni ne na Masar. Akwai nassoshi a cikin Littafin Ibrananci na Ibrananci da tsoffin majiyoyin Girka da Romawa game da wannan birni, amma ainihin wurin da yake har yanzu ba a tabbatar da shi ba. Wasu masana sun bayyana shi a matsayin wurin tarihi na '''Tell el-Maskhuta''' na baya ( Arabic ). Wasu kuma sun bayyana shi a matsayin wurin tarihi na farko na '''Tell El Retabeh''' ( Arabic ). == Asalin Ma'anar == Sunan Ingilishi ya fito ne daga Ibrananci == Littafin Littafi Mai Tsarki Pithom == Pitom na ɗaya daga cikin biranen da, bisa ga Littafin Fitowa {{Bibleverse-nb||Exodus|1:11|31}}, an gina shi ne ga Fir'auna na Littafi Mai-Tsarki na zalunci ta hanyar tilasta wa Isra'ilawa aiki. Sauran birni shine Pi-Ramesses . [[Kalmar Septuagint|Septuagint]] ya kara da na uku, "''A kai'', wanda shine [[Heliopolis (tsohuwar Misira)|Heliopolis]]." Wannan cikakkiyar magana ita ce, a cikin Septuagint, "τήν τε Πειθńμ καὶ Ρσσ__ilo____ilo____ilo__, "Abin da aka fassara a cikin Hanyar Hanyar Hadin Gida kuma a cikin Fassarar Hanyar "birane masu tasowa" (Ibraniyawa: , miskǝnoṯ). Septuagint ya fassara shi πόλεις ̆χυ" birane masu ƙarfi [ko "mai ƙarfi"] ana amfani da wannan kalmar ga wasu biranen Sarki Sulemanu a cikin Sarakuna na I 9:19 (haɗawa da II Tarihi 16:4). == Heroöpolis na Graeco-Roman == [[Fayil:Canal_of_the_Pharaohs_Map-en.svg|thumb|Kimanin wurin da Canal na Fir'auna yake]] Heroöpolis babban birni ne a gabashin Kogin Nilu, yana kusa da bakin Madatsar Ruwa ta [[Hanyar Fir'auna|Royal Canal]] wadda ta haɗa [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] da [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]] . Duk da cewa ba nan take a bakin teku ba, amma kusan a arewacin [[Babban Tafkin Mai Bitter|Tafkunan Bitter]], Heroöpolis tana da matuƙar muhimmanci, a matsayin tashar ciniki, don sanya mata suna a gefen Tekun Ja <ref>{{Lang|grc|Ἡρωοπολίτης κόλπος}}, Ptol. </ref> wanda ke ratsa babban yankin Masar har zuwa Arsinoë (kusa da [[Suez]] na zamani)—Girman Suez na zamani. Ita ce babban birnin ƙasar Masar ta 8. == Wuri == Tun da farko, wurin da Pithom yake - kamar wuraren da wasu wurare makamantan haka suke, kamar Tanis - ya kasance batun zato da muhawara sosai. Wata ƙwararriyar Bayahudiya mai suna [[Saadia Gaon]] ta gano wurin da Pithom yake a cikin fassarar Judeo-Larabci ta Ibrananci a matsayin [[Faiyum]], {{Convert|100|km|0}} kudu maso yammacin [[Kairo|Alkahira]] . Édouard Naville da Flinders Petrie suna neman Pithom a gefen Wadi Tumilat, wani yanki mai kyau na noma wanda ke aiki a matsayin hanyar wucewa tsakanin Masar da Kan'ana a fadin Sinai—wadda aka rubuta a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki 'Hanyar Shur '. === Tell El Retaba === Mil takwas a yamma da Tell El Maskhuta ne wurin Tell El Retabeh. Wannan shine kusan tsakiyar Wadi Tumilat. Abinda aka gano da farko daga wurin shine nauyin jasper na sarki Nebkaure Khety, amma irin wannan abu da aka kawo daga wani wuri. Naville ta gano duk waɗannan wurare a matsayin suna cikin yankin Tjeku (Sukkot), wato sunan ƙasar Masar ta 8. Binciken da aka yi a Tell El Retabeh ya nuna cewa an fara gina wurin a lokacin Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Masar ta Biyu . Bayan korar Hyksos a zamanin Ahmose na ɗaya, an sake gina wani matsuguni na ɗan gajeren lokaci a Masar amma ya ƙare a tsakiyar Daular 18. A farkon Daular 19 ta Masar, an kafa sabuwar matsuguni, kuma Ramesses na Biyu ya gina sabbin katanga, Haikalin Atum da sauran gine-gine da yawa. An kuma zauna a wurin a ƙarƙashin Daular 20, Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Masar ta Uku (ƙarni na 11-7 BC) da Ƙarshen Zamani (ƙarni na 7-4 BC). <ref name="PoSlovak">{{Cite web |title=Tell el-Retaba |url=https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/en/2019/01/12/tell-el-retaba-2/ |access-date=2020-07-28 |website=pcma.uw.edu.pl}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hudec |first=Jozef |last2=Hulková |first2=Lucia |last3=Dubcová |first3=Veronika |last4=Wodzińska |first4=Anna |year=2020 |title=Formation of an Empire. Results of the Season 2017 in Tell el-Retaba |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/aeundl29s15 |journal=Ägypten und Levante |volume=29 |pages=15–52 |doi=10.1553/aeundl29s15 |issn=1015-5104}}</ref> Wasu masana, kamar Manfred Bietak da Kenneth Kitchen, sun yi jayayya cewa wannan shine tsohon Pithom. Wannan ra'ayi ya koma ƙarni na 19, lokacin da Alan Gardiner ya fara gano Pithom da wurin Tell El Retaba, kuma [[William F. Albright]], da Kenneth Kitchen sun yarda da wannan daga baya. <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Kenneth Kitchen}}</ref> Kodayake John van Seters da Neil Asher Silberman sun yi jayayya cewa Tell El Retaba ba ta zauna a ciki ba a lokacin da muka sami abubuwan tarihi da suka shafi wani gari mai suna Pithom, <ref name="Seters">Seters, John Van, "The Geography of the Exodus", in Silberman, Neil Ash (editor), ''The Land That I Will Show You: Essays in History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East in Honor of J. Maxwell Miller'', Sheffield Academic Press, 1997, p. 261-262, {{ISBN|978-1850756507}}, </ref> James K. Hoffmeier da Gary Rendsburg sun yi jayayya kan wannan ikirarin bisa ga binciken da aka yi kwanan nan a wurin. <ref name="HoRe">{{Cite journal |last=Hoffmeier |first=James K. |last2=Rendsburg |first2=Gary A. |date=March 2022 |title=Pithom and Rameses (Exodus 1:11): Historical, Archaeological, and Linguistic Issues (Part I) |url=https://www.academia.edu/97588266 |journal=Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=1–19 |issn=1944-2815}}</ref> Tawagar haɗin gwiwa [[Poland|ta Poland]] da [[Slofakiya|Slovak]] ta gudanar da bincike mai tsari a Tell El Retaba tun daga shekarar 2007. Ana gudanar da ita ne tare da haɗin gwiwar cibiyoyi da dama: Jami'ar Warsaw ta Cibiyar Nazarin Kayan Tarihi ta Poland, Jami'ar Warsaw ta Cibiyar Nazarin Kayan Tarihi ta Bahar Rum ta Poland, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Slovak da Gidauniyar Aigyptos. <ref name="PoSlovak">{{Cite web |title=Tell el-Retaba |url=https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/en/2019/01/12/tell-el-retaba-2/ |access-date=2020-07-28 |website=pcma.uw.edu.pl}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/en/2019/01/12/tell-el-retaba-2/ "Tell el-Retaba"]. </cite></ref> Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa ana iya samun sunan haikalin Atum, ''pr-itm'', a cikin rubuce-rubuce a wurare biyu - duka a Tell El Retaba da kuma a Tell El Maskhuta. Wannan da alama yana nuna cewa an yi amfani da sunan 'Pithom' da farko don wurin da ya gabata, Tell El Retaba, kafin a yi watsi da shi. Lokacin da aka gina sabon birnin Tel El Maskhuta, an yi amfani da wannan sunan a kansa, kamar yadda aka mayar da haikalin Atum zuwa El Maskhuta. Don haka, a zahiri, an mayar da 'Pithom' zuwa wani sabon wuri, wani abu da aka tabbatar da shi ga wasu biranen, kamar Migdol . === Wadi Tumilat Project – Fada El Maskhuta === A lokacin bazara na shekarar 1883, Naville ya yi imanin cewa ya gano Pithom a matsayin wurin tarihi na Tell El Maskhuta . Wurin da Pithom ya gano, kamar yadda Naville ta gano, yana gefen gabashin Wadi Tumilat, kudu maso yammacin Ismailia . Petrie ya yarda da wannan ganewar. John S. Holladay Jr., wani mai bincike na kwanan nan kan wurin, shi ma ya goyi bayan wannan ra'ayi. A madadin haka, masu tono ƙasa na Italiya na baya-bayan nan sun ba da shawarar gano wurin a matsayin tsohon birnin Tjeku ( Sukkot na Littafi Mai Tsarki). A nan an sami wani rukuni na mutum-mutumin dutse da ke wakiltar Ramesses II, rubuce-rubuce guda biyu da ke ɗauke da suna ''Pr-Itm'' (Haikali na Atum), rumbunan ajiya da tubali da aka yi ba tare da bambaro ba. Hakoran da aka yi kwanan nan sun kuma gano wani muhimmin kabari [[Sabuwar Masarautar Masar|na Sabuwar Masarautar]] a wurin. Hakoran da Naville for the Egypt Exploration Fund ta gudanar sun gano wani katangar birni, wani haikali da ya lalace, da kuma ragowar gine-ginen tubali masu kauri sosai kuma sun ƙunshi ɗakuna masu kusurwa huɗu masu girma dabam-dabam, suna buɗewa ne kawai a sama kuma ba tare da wata hanyar shiga juna ba. An gudanar da aikin haƙa rami na zamani a Tel El Maskhuta ta Jami'ar Toronto 'Wadi Tumilat Project' ƙarƙashin jagorancin John S. Holladay Jr. Sun yi aiki a cikin yanayi biyar tsakanin 1978 da 1985. Waɗannan tono ramin sun nuna cewa tarihin Tel El Maskhuta yana da sarkakiya. Akwai matsugunin IIB na Tsakiyar Tagulla a can (ƙarni na 18-17 BC), wanda ke da alaƙa da Hyksos, sannan aka yi dogon hutu har zuwa ƙarshen ƙarni na 7 BC, lokacin da aka sake gina shi. <ref>Holladay, John S. Jr., "Tell el-Maskhuta: preliminary report on the Wadi Tumilat Project, 1978-1979", ARCE Reports 6, Cities of the Delta 3, Undena, 1982.{{ISBN|0890030847}}</ref> Wannan ginin da aka yi a ƙarshen ƙarni na 7 wataƙila Fir'auna Necho na Biyu ne ya yi shi, wataƙila a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin ginin magudanar ruwa da ba a kammala ba daga Kogin Nilu zuwa Tekun Suez. <ref name="Seters">Seters, John Van, "The Geography of the Exodus", in Silberman, Neil Ash (editor), ''The Land That I Will Show You: Essays in History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East in Honor of J. Maxwell Miller'', Sheffield Academic Press, 1997, p. 261-262, {{ISBN|978-1850756507}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1850756507|<bdi>978-1850756507</bdi>]], </ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ktis58gxc9gcjzqieb6hi4x2zcfnn4n 842770 842768 2026-05-29T20:59:35Z Engineer014 44591 842770 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pithom''' ( Ancient Egyptian ; Biblical Hebrew ; Koine Greek ko {{Lang|grc|Ἡρώωνπόλις}} {{Transl|grc|Hērṓōnpólis}}, da kuma {{Lang|grc|Πατούμος}} {{Transl|grc|Patoúmos}} ) tsohon birni ne na Masar. Akwai nassoshi a cikin Littafin Ibrananci na Ibrananci da tsoffin majiyoyin Girka da Romawa game da wannan birni, amma ainihin wurin da yake har yanzu ba a tabbatar da shi ba. Wasu masana sun bayyana shi a matsayin wurin tarihi na '''Tell el-Maskhuta''' na baya ( Arabic ). Wasu kuma sun bayyana shi a matsayin wurin tarihi na farko na '''Tell El Retabeh''' ( Arabic ). == Asalin Ma'anar == Sunan Ingilishi ya fito ne daga Ibrananci == Littafin Littafi Mai Tsarki Pithom == Pitom na ɗaya daga cikin biranen da, bisa ga Littafin Fitowa {{Bibleverse-nb||Exodus|1:11|31}}, an gina shi ne ga Fir'auna na Littafi Mai-Tsarki na zalunci ta hanyar tilasta wa Isra'ilawa aiki. Sauran birni shine Pi-Ramesses . [[Kalmar Septuagint|Septuagint]] ya kara da na uku, "''A kai'', wanda shine [[Heliopolis (tsohuwar Misira)|Heliopolis]]." Wannan cikakkiyar magana ita ce, a cikin Septuagint, "τήν τε Πειθńμ καὶ Ρσσ__ilo____ilo____ilo__, "Abin da aka fassara a cikin Hanyar Hanyar Hadin Gida kuma a cikin Fassarar Hanyar "birane masu tasowa" (Ibraniyawa: , miskǝnoṯ). Septuagint ya fassara shi πόλεις ̆χυ" birane masu ƙarfi [ko "mai ƙarfi"] ana amfani da wannan kalmar ga wasu biranen Sarki Sulemanu a cikin Sarakuna na I 9:19 (haɗawa da II Tarihi 16:4). == Heroöpolis na Graeco-Roman == [[Fayil:Canal_of_the_Pharaohs_Map-en.svg|thumb|Kimanin wurin da Canal na Fir'auna yake]] Heroöpolis babban birni ne a gabashin Kogin Nilu, yana kusa da bakin Madatsar Ruwa ta [[Hanyar Fir'auna|Royal Canal]] wadda ta haɗa [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] da [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]] . Duk da cewa ba nan take a bakin teku ba, amma kusan a arewacin [[Babban Tafkin Mai Bitter|Tafkunan Bitter]], Heroöpolis tana da matuƙar muhimmanci, a matsayin tashar ciniki, don sanya mata suna a gefen Tekun Ja <ref>{{Lang|grc|Ἡρωοπολίτης κόλπος}}, Ptol. </ref> wanda ke ratsa babban yankin Masar har zuwa Arsinoë (kusa da [[Suez]] na zamani)—Girman Suez na zamani. Ita ce babban birnin ƙasar Masar ta 8. == Wuri == Tun da farko, wurin da Pithom yake - kamar wuraren da wasu wurare makamantan haka suke, kamar Tanis - ya kasance batun zato da muhawara sosai. Wata ƙwararriyar Bayahudiya mai suna [[Saadia Gaon]] ta gano wurin da Pithom yake a cikin fassarar Judeo-Larabci ta Ibrananci a matsayin [[Faiyum]], {{Convert|100|km|0}} kudu maso yammacin [[Kairo|Alkahira]] . Édouard Naville da Flinders Petrie suna neman Pithom a gefen Wadi Tumilat, wani yanki mai kyau na noma wanda ke aiki a matsayin hanyar wucewa tsakanin Masar da Kan'ana a fadin Sinai—wadda aka rubuta a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki 'Hanyar Shur '. === Tell El Retaba === Mil takwas a yamma da Tell El Maskhuta ne wurin Tell El Retabeh. Wannan shine kusan tsakiyar Wadi Tumilat. Abinda aka gano da farko daga wurin shine nauyin jasper na sarki Nebkaure Khety, amma irin wannan abu da aka kawo daga wani wuri. Naville ta gano duk waɗannan wurare a matsayin suna cikin yankin Tjeku (Sukkot), wato sunan ƙasar Masar ta 8. Binciken da aka yi a Tell El Retabeh ya nuna cewa an fara gina wurin a lokacin Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Masar ta Biyu . Bayan korar Hyksos a zamanin Ahmose na ɗaya, an sake gina wani matsuguni na ɗan gajeren lokaci a Masar amma ya ƙare a tsakiyar Daular 18. A farkon Daular 19 ta Masar, an kafa sabuwar matsuguni, kuma Ramesses na Biyu ya gina sabbin katanga, Haikalin Atum da sauran gine-gine da yawa. An kuma zauna a wurin a ƙarƙashin Daular 20, Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Masar ta Uku (ƙarni na 11-7 BC) da Ƙarshen Zamani (ƙarni na 7-4 BC). <ref name="PoSlovak">{{Cite web |title=Tell el-Retaba |url=https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/en/2019/01/12/tell-el-retaba-2/ |access-date=2020-07-28 |website=pcma.uw.edu.pl}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hudec |first=Jozef |last2=Hulková |first2=Lucia |last3=Dubcová |first3=Veronika |last4=Wodzińska |first4=Anna |year=2020 |title=Formation of an Empire. Results of the Season 2017 in Tell el-Retaba |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/aeundl29s15 |journal=Ägypten und Levante |volume=29 |pages=15–52 |doi=10.1553/aeundl29s15 |issn=1015-5104}}</ref> Wasu masana, kamar Manfred Bietak da Kenneth Kitchen, sun yi jayayya cewa wannan shine tsohon Pithom. Wannan ra'ayi ya koma ƙarni na 19, lokacin da Alan Gardiner ya fara gano Pithom da wurin Tell El Retaba, kuma [[William F. Albright]], da Kenneth Kitchen sun yarda da wannan daga baya. <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Kenneth Kitchen}}</ref> Kodayake John van Seters da Neil Asher Silberman sun yi jayayya cewa Tell El Retaba ba ta zauna a ciki ba a lokacin da muka sami abubuwan tarihi da suka shafi wani gari mai suna Pithom, <ref name="Seters">Seters, John Van, "The Geography of the Exodus", in Silberman, Neil Ash (editor), ''The Land That I Will Show You: Essays in History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East in Honor of J. Maxwell Miller'', Sheffield Academic Press, 1997, p. 261-262, {{ISBN|978-1850756507}}, </ref> James K. Hoffmeier da Gary Rendsburg sun yi jayayya kan wannan ikirarin bisa ga binciken da aka yi kwanan nan a wurin. <ref name="HoRe">{{Cite journal |last=Hoffmeier |first=James K. |last2=Rendsburg |first2=Gary A. |date=March 2022 |title=Pithom and Rameses (Exodus 1:11): Historical, Archaeological, and Linguistic Issues (Part I) |url=https://www.academia.edu/97588266 |journal=Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=1–19 |issn=1944-2815}}</ref> Tawagar haɗin gwiwa [[Poland|ta Poland]] da [[Slofakiya|Slovak]] ta gudanar da bincike mai tsari a Tell El Retaba tun daga shekarar 2007. Ana gudanar da ita ne tare da haɗin gwiwar cibiyoyi da dama: Jami'ar Warsaw ta Cibiyar Nazarin Kayan Tarihi ta Poland, Jami'ar Warsaw ta Cibiyar Nazarin Kayan Tarihi ta Bahar Rum ta Poland, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Slovak da Gidauniyar Aigyptos. <ref name="PoSlovak">{{Cite web |title=Tell el-Retaba |url=https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/en/2019/01/12/tell-el-retaba-2/ |access-date=2020-07-28 |website=pcma.uw.edu.pl}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/en/2019/01/12/tell-el-retaba-2/ "Tell el-Retaba"]. </cite></ref> Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa ana iya samun sunan haikalin Atum, ''pr-itm'', a cikin rubuce-rubuce a wurare biyu - duka a Tell El Retaba da kuma a Tell El Maskhuta. Wannan da alama yana nuna cewa an yi amfani da sunan 'Pithom' da farko don wurin da ya gabata, Tell El Retaba, kafin a yi watsi da shi. Lokacin da aka gina sabon birnin Tel El Maskhuta, an yi amfani da wannan sunan a kansa, kamar yadda aka mayar da haikalin Atum zuwa El Maskhuta. Don haka, a zahiri, an mayar da 'Pithom' zuwa wani sabon wuri, wani abu da aka tabbatar da shi ga wasu biranen, kamar Migdol . === Wadi Tumilat Project – Fada El Maskhuta === A lokacin bazara na shekarar 1883, Naville ya yi imanin cewa ya gano Pithom a matsayin wurin tarihi na Tell El Maskhuta . Wurin da Pithom ya gano, kamar yadda Naville ta gano, yana gefen gabashin Wadi Tumilat, kudu maso yammacin Ismailia . Petrie ya yarda da wannan ganewar. John S. Holladay Jr., wani mai bincike na kwanan nan kan wurin, shi ma ya goyi bayan wannan ra'ayi. A madadin haka, masu tono ƙasa na Italiya na baya-bayan nan sun ba da shawarar gano wurin a matsayin tsohon birnin Tjeku ( Sukkot na Littafi Mai Tsarki). A nan an sami wani rukuni na mutum-mutumin dutse da ke wakiltar Ramesses II, rubuce-rubuce guda biyu da ke ɗauke da suna ''Pr-Itm'' (Haikali na Atum), rumbunan ajiya da tubali da aka yi ba tare da bambaro ba. Hakoran da aka yi kwanan nan sun kuma gano wani muhimmin kabari [[Sabuwar Masarautar Masar|na Sabuwar Masarautar]] a wurin. Hakoran da Naville for the Egypt Exploration Fund ta gudanar sun gano wani katangar birni, wani haikali da ya lalace, da kuma ragowar gine-ginen tubali masu kauri sosai kuma sun ƙunshi ɗakuna masu kusurwa huɗu masu girma dabam-dabam, suna buɗewa ne kawai a sama kuma ba tare da wata hanyar shiga juna ba. An gudanar da aikin haƙa rami na zamani a Tel El Maskhuta ta Jami'ar Toronto 'Wadi Tumilat Project' ƙarƙashin jagorancin John S. Holladay Jr. Sun yi aiki a cikin yanayi biyar tsakanin 1978 da 1985. Waɗannan tono ramin sun nuna cewa tarihin Tel El Maskhuta yana da sarkakiya. Akwai matsugunin IIB na Tsakiyar Tagulla a can (ƙarni na 18-17 BC), wanda ke da alaƙa da Hyksos, sannan aka yi dogon hutu har zuwa ƙarshen ƙarni na 7 BC, lokacin da aka sake gina shi. <ref>Holladay, John S. Jr., "Tell el-Maskhuta: preliminary report on the Wadi Tumilat Project, 1978-1979", ARCE Reports 6, Cities of the Delta 3, Undena, 1982.{{ISBN|0890030847}}</ref> Wannan ginin da aka yi a ƙarshen ƙarni na 7 wataƙila Fir'auna Necho na Biyu ne ya yi shi, wataƙila a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin ginin magudanar ruwa da ba a kammala ba daga Kogin Nilu zuwa Tekun Suez. <ref name="Seters">Seters, John Van, "The Geography of the Exodus", in Silberman, Neil Ash (editor), ''The Land That I Will Show You: Essays in History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East in Honor of J. Maxwell Miller'', Sheffield Academic Press, 1997, p. 261-262, {{ISBN|978-1850756507}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1850756507|<bdi>978-1850756507</bdi>]], </ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qwafx3m4063tlgxtupe1h4ovhgi34tz 0 153209 842769 2026-05-29T20:59:09Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1278762817|Knysna River]]" 842769 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Knysna''' (a cikin Afrikaans Knysnarivier) kogi ne da ke gudana a lardin Western Cape a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana da tushe a tsaunukan Outeniqua, a gundumar Eden, sannan ya nufi [[Tekun Indiya]], inda yake buɗewa da babban bakin teku, inda garin Knysna yake, wanda sunansa ya samo asali ne daga kogin. Hanyarsa, 40&nbsp;tsawon kilomita, ana iya tafiya ne kawai a ɓangaren ƙarshe. Ana kiran bakin kogin da Kawuna. Sunan Knysna ya bayyana a cikin haruffa daban-daban tun a kusan shekarun 1770. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=Geomorphology: How the Knysna Heads were formed - Knysna Museums |url=https://www.knysnamuseums.co.za/pages/the-knysna-heads/ |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=www.knysnamuseums.co.za |language=en}}</ref> An kira shi 'Nysna' a cikin ɗaya daga cikin wasiƙun farko na James Callander, wani masanin teku na Scotland, wanda gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Cape a shekarar 1798 ta aika don yin bincike da bayar da rahoto game da dazuzzuka, koguna da kogunan yankin. Ya gina wa kansa gida a The Heads. Ya zana taswirar farko ta Kogin Knysna "Chart of the Knysna, An Arm of the Sea, Seven Leagues to the West of Plettenberg's Bay" kuma ya bayyana ra'ayinsa cewa Knysna ta fi Plettenberg Bay a matsayin hanyar jigilar katako. <ref>{{Cite web |last=N2RS (Pty) Ltd. |title=History of Knysna |url=http://www.n2rs.com/knysna/ |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=www.n2rs.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == KnysnarivierKnysna RiverKnysnarivierKnysna RiverKnysnarivierKnysna RiverKnysnarivierKnysna RiverKnysnarivierKnysna RiverKnysnarivierKnysna RiverKnysnarivierKnysna River 9yyrd74vk611tkifqar5ypgj7l35l0a 842771 842769 2026-05-29T20:59:35Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842771 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Knysna''' (a cikin Afrikaans Knysnarivier) kogi ne da ke gudana a lardin Western Cape a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana da tushe a tsaunukan Outeniqua, a gundumar Eden, sannan ya nufi [[Tekun Indiya]], inda yake buɗewa da babban bakin teku, inda garin Knysna yake, wanda sunansa ya samo asali ne daga kogin. Hanyarsa, 40&nbsp;tsawon kilomita, ana iya tafiya ne kawai a ɓangaren ƙarshe. Ana kiran bakin kogin da Kawuna. Sunan Knysna ya bayyana a cikin haruffa daban-daban tun a kusan shekarun 1770. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=Geomorphology: How the Knysna Heads were formed - Knysna Museums |url=https://www.knysnamuseums.co.za/pages/the-knysna-heads/ |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=www.knysnamuseums.co.za |language=en}}</ref> An kira shi 'Nysna' a cikin ɗaya daga cikin wasiƙun farko na James Callander, wani masanin teku na Scotland, wanda gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Cape a shekarar 1798 ta aika don yin bincike da bayar da rahoto game da dazuzzuka, koguna da kogunan yankin. Ya gina wa kansa gida a The Heads. Ya zana taswirar farko ta Kogin Knysna "Chart of the Knysna, An Arm of the Sea, Seven Leagues to the West of Plettenberg's Bay" kuma ya bayyana ra'ayinsa cewa Knysna ta fi Plettenberg Bay a matsayin hanyar jigilar katako. <ref>{{Cite web |last=N2RS (Pty) Ltd. |title=History of Knysna |url=http://www.n2rs.com/knysna/ |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=www.n2rs.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == gq8fs6na63zpvx3ss611fo5zayltphb 842773 842771 2026-05-29T21:01:24Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842773 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Knysna''' (a cikin Afrikaans Knysnarivier) kogi ne da ke gudana a lardin Western Cape a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana da tushe a tsaunukan Outeniqua, a gundumar Eden, sannan ya nufi [[Tekun Indiya]], inda yake buɗewa da babban bakin teku, inda garin Knysna yake, wanda sunansa ya samo asali ne daga kogin. Hanyarsa, 40&nbsp;tsawon kilomita, ana iya tafiya ne kawai a ɓangaren ƙarshe. Ana kiran bakin kogin da Kawuna. Sunan Knysna ya bayyana a cikin haruffa daban-daban tun a kusan shekarun 1770. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=Geomorphology: How the Knysna Heads were formed - Knysna Museums |url=https://www.knysnamuseums.co.za/pages/the-knysna-heads/ |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=www.knysnamuseums.co.za |language=en}}</ref> An kira shi 'Nysna' a cikin ɗaya daga cikin wasiƙun farko na James Callander, wani masanin teku na Scotland, wanda gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Cape a shekarar 1798 ta aika don yin bincike da bayar da rahoto game da dazuzzuka, koguna da kogunan yankin. Ya gina wa kansa gida a The Heads. Ya zana taswirar farko ta Kogin Knysna "Chart of the Knysna, An Arm of the Sea, Seven Leagues to the West of Plettenberg's Bay" kuma ya bayyana ra'ayinsa cewa Knysna ta fi Plettenberg Bay a matsayin hanyar jigilar katako. <ref>{{Cite web |last=N2RS (Pty) Ltd. |title=History of Knysna |url=http://www.n2rs.com/knysna/ |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=www.n2rs.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == f9vjpgxxbw0wac4u19d9uzwjnskk2s5 0 153210 842777 2026-05-29T21:10:29Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1314974143|Tsomo River]]" 842777 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Tsomo''' kogi ne da ke lardin Gabashin Cape na [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana cikin kogin Great Kei. An yi wa kogin illa sakamakon gurɓataccen aikin tsaftace ruwan shara da ba a kammala ba <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sgqolana |first=Tembile |date=2021-09-02 |title=More delays in bringing Eastern Cape project online to provide desperately needed water to villages |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2021-09-02-more-delays-in-bringing-eastern-cape-project-online-to-provide-desperately-needed-water-to-villages/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Solundwana |first=Abongile |date=2021-09-14 |title=Minister and deputies visit Tsomo River water project - The Rep |url=https://www.therep.co.za/2021/09/14/minister-and-deputies-visit-tsomo-river-water-project/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda aka bar shi a baya aka kuma lalata shi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Damba-Hendrik |first=Nombulelo |date=2024-09-09 |title=Villagers use contaminated river water while R100-million sewage project delayed |url=https://groundup.org.za/article/villagers-water-contaminated-while-r100-million-project-delayed/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=GroundUp News |language=en}}</ref> Masu bincike sun gano misalan ƙwayoyin cuta masu jure wa magunguna a cikin ruwan kogin Tsomo. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fadare |first=Folake Temitope |last2=Adefisoye |first2=Martins Ajibade |last3=Okoh |first3=Anthony Ifeanyi |date=2020-12-07 |editor-last=Karunasagar |editor-first=Iddya |title=Occurrence, identification, and antibiogram signatures of selected Enterobacteriaceae from Tsomo and Tyhume rivers in the Eastern Cape Province, Republic of South Africa |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=15 |issue=12 |bibcode=2020PLoSO..1538084F |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0238084 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=7721149 |pmid=33284819 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Madatsun ruwa a Kogin Tsomo == * Dam na Ncora == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == Tsomo RiverTsomo RiverTsomo RiverTsomo RiverTsomo RiverTsomo RiverTsomo RiverTsomo River 267esxeqgb4fae9azbbywt6nuyyi158 842779 842777 2026-05-29T21:14:42Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842779 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Tsomo''' kogi ne da ke lardin Gabashin Cape na [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana cikin kogin Great Kei. An yi wa kogin illa sakamakon gurɓataccen aikin tsaftace ruwan shara da ba a kammala ba <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sgqolana |first=Tembile |date=2021-09-02 |title=More delays in bringing Eastern Cape project online to provide desperately needed water to villages |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2021-09-02-more-delays-in-bringing-eastern-cape-project-online-to-provide-desperately-needed-water-to-villages/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Solundwana |first=Abongile |date=2021-09-14 |title=Minister and deputies visit Tsomo River water project - The Rep |url=https://www.therep.co.za/2021/09/14/minister-and-deputies-visit-tsomo-river-water-project/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda aka bar shi a baya aka kuma lalata shi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Damba-Hendrik |first=Nombulelo |date=2024-09-09 |title=Villagers use contaminated river water while R100-million sewage project delayed |url=https://groundup.org.za/article/villagers-water-contaminated-while-r100-million-project-delayed/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=GroundUp News |language=en}}</ref> Masu bincike sun gano misalan ƙwayoyin cuta masu jure wa magunguna a cikin ruwan kogin Tsomo. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fadare |first=Folake Temitope |last2=Adefisoye |first2=Martins Ajibade |last3=Okoh |first3=Anthony Ifeanyi |date=2020-12-07 |editor-last=Karunasagar |editor-first=Iddya |title=Occurrence, identification, and antibiogram signatures of selected Enterobacteriaceae from Tsomo and Tyhume rivers in the Eastern Cape Province, Republic of South Africa |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=15 |issue=12 |bibcode=2020PLoSO..1538084F |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0238084 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=7721149 |pmid=33284819 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Madatsun ruwa a Kogin Tsomo == * Dam na Ncora == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == i0ix2d54hu0mrlwfnzx18khrqxf4tz5 842780 842779 2026-05-29T21:17:08Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842780 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Tsomo''' kogi ne da ke lardin Gabashin Cape na [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana cikin kogin Great Kei. An yi wa kogin illa sakamakon gurɓataccen aikin tsaftace ruwan shara da ba a kammala ba <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sgqolana |first=Tembile |date=2021-09-02 |title=More delays in bringing Eastern Cape project online to provide desperately needed water to villages |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2021-09-02-more-delays-in-bringing-eastern-cape-project-online-to-provide-desperately-needed-water-to-villages/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Solundwana |first=Abongile |date=2021-09-14 |title=Minister and deputies visit Tsomo River water project - The Rep |url=https://www.therep.co.za/2021/09/14/minister-and-deputies-visit-tsomo-river-water-project/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda aka bar shi a baya aka kuma lalata shi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Damba-Hendrik |first=Nombulelo |date=2024-09-09 |title=Villagers use contaminated river water while R100-million sewage project delayed |url=https://groundup.org.za/article/villagers-water-contaminated-while-r100-million-project-delayed/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=GroundUp News |language=en}}</ref> Masu bincike sun gano misalan ƙwayoyin cuta masu jure wa magunguna a cikin ruwan kogin Tsomo. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fadare |first=Folake Temitope |last2=Adefisoye |first2=Martins Ajibade |last3=Okoh |first3=Anthony Ifeanyi |date=2020-12-07 |editor-last=Karunasagar |editor-first=Iddya |title=Occurrence, identification, and antibiogram signatures of selected Enterobacteriaceae from Tsomo and Tyhume rivers in the Eastern Cape Province, Republic of South Africa |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=15 |issue=12 |bibcode=2020PLoSO..1538084F |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0238084 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=7721149 |pmid=33284819 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Madatsun ruwa a Kogin Tsomo == * Dam na Ncora == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == 4kpah422wet5ygjn1pkschn4th4ae5d 0 153211 842781 2026-05-29T21:22:45Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1231976194|Mooi River (Tugela)]]" 842781 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mooi''' kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana tashi a cikin Ma'ajiyar Yanayi ta Mkomazi a cikin tsaunukan Drakensberg, sannan ya kwarara zuwa Kogin Tugela kusa da Muden. Garin Kogin Mooi yana kan kogin. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bell |first=W A |date=1928 |title=Upper Cretaceous plants from Stikine River, Cassiar District, British Columbia |doi=10.4095/105031 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Suna == Sunan ya samo asali ne daga ''kogin Mooirivier'' na ƙasar Holland, wato ''kyakkyawan kogi'', kamar yadda Voortrekkers suka sanya masa suna a tsakiyar ƙarni na 19. Sunan kogin [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]], ''Mpofana'', yana nufin 'ƙaramin eland'. == Duba kuma == * Kogin Mooi (garin) * Kogin Tugela == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Projects/Mgeni/Phase2/background.asp Bayanin bayanan Ma'aikatar Harkokin Ruwa da Gandun Daji ga Tsarin Canja wurin Mooi-Mgeni Mataki na II] == Manazarta == Tsomo RiverMooi River (Tugela)Tsomo RiverMooi River (Tugela)Tsomo RiverTsomo RiverMooi River (Tugela) mjcjsui79vy41myfm6bkoo4tjh7pmcc 842783 842781 2026-05-29T21:23:14Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842783 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mooi''' kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana tashi a cikin Ma'ajiyar Yanayi ta Mkomazi a cikin tsaunukan Drakensberg, sannan ya kwarara zuwa Kogin Tugela kusa da Muden. Garin Kogin Mooi yana kan kogin. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bell |first=W A |date=1928 |title=Upper Cretaceous plants from Stikine River, Cassiar District, British Columbia |doi=10.4095/105031 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Suna == Sunan ya samo asali ne daga ''kogin Mooirivier'' na ƙasar Holland, wato ''kyakkyawan kogi'', kamar yadda Voortrekkers suka sanya masa suna a tsakiyar ƙarni na 19. Sunan kogin [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]], ''Mpofana'', yana nufin 'ƙaramin eland'. == Duba kuma == * Kogin Mooi (garin) * Kogin Tugela == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Projects/Mgeni/Phase2/background.asp Bayanin bayanan Ma'aikatar Harkokin Ruwa da Gandun Daji ga Tsarin Canja wurin Mooi-Mgeni Mataki na II] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} cc91l9i5tn2rqh8z9c5igub9br9pt1d 842796 842783 2026-05-29T21:25:12Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842796 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mooi''' kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana tashi a cikin Ma'ajiyar Yanayi ta Mkomazi a cikin tsaunukan Drakensberg, sannan ya kwarara zuwa Kogin Tugela kusa da Muden.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> Garin Kogin Mooi yana kan kogin. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bell |first=W A |date=1928 |title=Upper Cretaceous plants from Stikine River, Cassiar District, British Columbia |doi=10.4095/105031 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Suna == Sunan ya samo asali ne daga ''kogin Mooirivier'' na ƙasar Holland, wato ''kyakkyawan kogi'', kamar yadda Voortrekkers suka sanya masa suna a tsakiyar ƙarni na 19.<ref>{{cite book|last = du Plessis|first = E.J.|title = Suid-Afrikaanse berg- en riviername|publisher = Tafelberg-uitgewers, Cape Town|year = 1973|isbn = 0-624-00273X|pages = 280–281}}</ref> Sunan kogin [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]], ''Mpofana'', yana nufin 'ƙaramin eland'.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> == Duba kuma == * Kogin Mooi (garin) * Kogin Tugela == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Projects/Mgeni/Phase2/background.asp Bayanin bayanan Ma'aikatar Harkokin Ruwa da Gandun Daji ga Tsarin Canja wurin Mooi-Mgeni Mataki na II] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 6tfcjvym9mrtp9sgp65yenl8dwdz9f4 842810 842796 2026-05-29T21:28:17Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Mooi''' kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana tashi a cikin Ma'ajiyar Yanayi ta Mkomazi a cikin tsaunukan Drakensberg, sannan ya kwarara zuwa Kogin Tugela kusa da Muden.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> Garin Kogin Mooi yana kan kogin. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bell |first=W A |date=1928 |title=Upper Cretaceous plants from Stikine River, Cassiar District, British Columbia |doi=10.4095/105031 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Suna == Sunan ya samo asali ne daga ''kogin Mooirivier'' na ƙasar Holland, wato ''kyakkyawan kogi'', kamar yadda Voortrekkers suka sanya masa suna a tsakiyar ƙarni na 19.<ref>{{cite book|last = du Plessis|first = E.J.|title = Suid-Afrikaanse berg- en riviername|publisher = Tafelberg-uitgewers, Cape Town|year = 1973|isbn = 0-624-00273X|pages = 280–281}}</ref> Sunan kogin [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]], ''Mpofana'', yana nufin 'ƙaramin eland'.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> == Duba kuma == * Kogin Mooi (garin) * Kogin Tugela == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Projects/Mgeni/Phase2/background.asp Bayanin bayanan Ma'aikatar Harkokin Ruwa da Gandun Daji ga Tsarin Canja wurin Mooi-Mgeni Mataki na II] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} h61ojhbnmllxv9t0uvbao8bc8eqv8o2 3 153212 842782 2026-05-29T21:23:13Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842782 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, HalloIchBinTG! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/HalloIchBinTG|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) 6mauiths61au464ntgdb4mwnyntslmn 3 153213 842784 2026-05-29T21:23:23Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842784 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Ezinwaken! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Ezinwaken|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) bjwy07lvnxyvfmi4qn7zzt505h5yge3 3 153214 842785 2026-05-29T21:23:33Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842785 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, ZIGGYBLAQ! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/ZIGGYBLAQ|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) 7ur5vvgh9x7gqzxmzpt5rq97zzwxh26 3 153215 842786 2026-05-29T21:23:43Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842786 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, רחביה! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/רחביה|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) aqtp8i1l4imdnxpnqde7hfxsklj016r 3 153216 842787 2026-05-29T21:23:53Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842787 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Eaxyst! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Eaxyst|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) gkr2y6bvag17dvcsi4915wkm87lqe67 3 153217 842788 2026-05-29T21:24:03Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842788 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Олег Нікітюк! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Олег Нікітюк|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) ol3c0iztpqqjg15h37qn5zozd84hf4y 3 153218 842789 2026-05-29T21:24:13Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842789 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Godsgrace007! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Godsgrace007|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) i2rlovs2rofurkzbn0k0ehcsz0ouq6f 3 153219 842790 2026-05-29T21:24:23Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842790 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Najiyasultana! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Najiyasultana|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) 86n6huc6qj8rhr1xf8m4fr6ao94dgnb 3 153220 842792 2026-05-29T21:24:33Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842792 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, أَديـب! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/أَديـب|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) fq57ds76defvzhpklsmvpq8w9320ciu 3 153221 842793 2026-05-29T21:24:43Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842793 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Editres! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Editres|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) q795xcqi726uln6z7bx058w3q827eeb 3 153222 842794 2026-05-29T21:24:53Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842794 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Findinscots! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Findinscots|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) gd5gerdzf9ppzuw8zb8ari6e8pjhpoq 3 153223 842795 2026-05-29T21:25:04Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842795 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Estazinu! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Estazinu|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) en4cegf4vmohelvwdvzr6g9ivf5h3va 3 153224 842797 2026-05-29T21:25:13Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842797 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, JackyM59! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/JackyM59|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) fn7vnvxvsschnb3wf77adegjgbcl8v2 3 153225 842798 2026-05-29T21:25:23Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842798 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, DWòelɔ̃ame! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/DWòelɔ̃ame|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) 5fxetyqg7s52ycaiey4dp4weilhdaqs 3 153226 842799 2026-05-29T21:25:33Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842799 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, ClaveScottPH! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/ClaveScottPH|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) knhp0oeg6tyqnzniw3f8sbc54dglrts 3 153227 842800 2026-05-29T21:25:43Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842800 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Ebshow! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Ebshow|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) hcn30clrr1ec3w2hppficnf55vpf9wk 3 153228 842801 2026-05-29T21:25:53Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842801 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Amimqj! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Amimqj|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) sqsti3iliooif7tpvhfuk23f3q8r1ag 3 153229 842802 2026-05-29T21:26:03Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842802 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Varaprasad Sidam! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Varaprasad Sidam|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) 17l4m65lsy7ztbkwg9ixnmk7hhau8dk 3 153230 842803 2026-05-29T21:26:13Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842803 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, EclecticArkie! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/EclecticArkie|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) s3dcu8trtg9gy0h8rifv6fy6flvv4z9 3 153231 842804 2026-05-29T21:26:23Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842804 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Abbamagaji257! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Abbamagaji257|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) 4mwif0n3ogd93ap1akpmf8fnjsum2si 3 153232 842805 2026-05-29T21:26:33Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842805 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Nitikd545! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Nitikd545|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) iuraek8lzgjc8gid6w46o5ids3ur1l8 3 153233 842806 2026-05-29T21:26:43Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842806 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Abda rasta! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Abda rasta|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) pajy8eldcdilhple5zofp7nrxgcrbta 842848 842806 2026-05-29T22:23:02Z Abda rasta 45294 /* Barka da zuwa! */ Mayarwa 842848 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Abda rasta! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Abda rasta|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) :@[[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] [[User:Abda rasta|Abda rasta]] ([[User talk:Abda rasta|talk]]) 22:23, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) jvuocd7okt9utqgb379hmajyz35f268 3 153234 842808 2026-05-29T21:26:53Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 842808 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Adamsino! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Adamsino|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 29 Mayu 2026 (UTC) t7741zy4rcqo75tzb5lm2u8wua99n6c 0 153235 842811 2026-05-29T21:30:03Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1314764587|Gitaru Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842811 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Upper_Tana_Reservoirs.png|right|thumb|Ra'ayi na tafkuna daban-daban a Upper Tana daga sararin samaniya]] '''Tashar wutar lantarki ta Gitaru''', wanda aka fi sani da madatsar ruwa ta Gitaru. Ya mamaye iyaka tsakanin Embu da Machakos Counties a tsohuwar Lardin Gabas. Babban manufar madatsar ruwan shine samar da wutar lantarki. Yana tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki ta 225 megawatt.<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=KenGen |date=2010 |title=About Gitaru Hydroelectric Power Station |url=https://kengen.co.ke/index.php/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=210:gitaru&catid=33:power-stations |access-date=28 September 2020 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]]}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Tashar wutar lantarki tana da nisan kilomita 16.5 (10 , ta hanyar hanya, gabashin garin Mavuria a cikin Embu County . Wannan kusan kilomita 161 (100 , ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso gabashin [[Nairobi]], babban birnin Kenya. Yanayin ƙasa na Gitaru Power Station shine:00°47'43.0"S, 37°45'09.0"E (Latitude:-0.795278; Longitude:37.752500). == Tarihi == Ginin madatsar ruwan ya fara ne a shekara ta 1975 kuma an kammala shi a shekara ta 1978. Ba a ba da izini na uku na samar da wutar lantarki ba har zuwa 1999.<ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=KenGen |date=17 April 2016 |title=History of Gitaru Hydroelectric Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/?q=content%2Fhydro-power-stations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417203736/http://www.kengen.co.ke/?q=content%2Fhydro-power-stations |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=28 September 2020 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]] |format=Archived from the original on 17 April 2016}}</ref> Bankin Duniya ya ba da rancen dala miliyan 63 don ci gaban wannan tashar wutar lantarki. Kamfanin Kenya Electricity Generating Company ne ke sarrafa tashar kuma tana daga cikin Shirin Forks Bakwai.<ref name="6R">{{Cite web |last=World Bank |date=1975 |title=Kenya - Gitaru Hydroelectric Project (English) |url=https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/308281468272084130/kenya-gitaru-hydroelectric-project |access-date=28 September 2020 |publisher=[[World Bank]]}}</ref> == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Da din mai tsayi {{Convert|30|m|ft}} yana riƙe da tafkin {{Convert|16000000|m3|acre.ft}} m3 . Ƙananan tafkin ya dogara da sakewa daga Masinga da Kamburu Dams. Tashar wutar lantarki ta tafkin tana karkashin kasa kusa da gefen hagu kuma tana dauke da 72 megawatt da 81 megawatt Francis turbine-generators. Ruwa da aka saki daga tashar an mayar da shi zuwa Tana a tafkin Kindaruma ta hanyar ramin mai tsawon kilomita {{Convert|4.7|km|mi}} (2.9 . Bambanci a tsawo tsakanin tafkin da tashar wutar lantarki yana ba da kai na ruwa na {{Convert|136|m|ft}} ft). <ref name="7R">{{Cite web |date=23 May 1975 |title=Kenya - Appraisal of the Gitaru Hydroelectric Project |url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2000/08/04/000178830_98101901194031/Rendered/PDF/multi_page.pdf |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=[[World Bank]] |pages=Annex 5}}</ref> s63flpmkn4uy7eql5y1csuw7q6cmb85 842812 842811 2026-05-29T21:30:31Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Upper_Tana_Reservoirs.png|right|thumb|Ra'ayi na tafkuna daban-daban a Upper Tana daga sararin samaniya]] '''Tashar wutar lantarki ta Gitaru''', wanda aka fi sani da madatsar ruwa ta Gitaru. Ya mamaye iyaka tsakanin Embu da Machakos Counties a tsohuwar Lardin Gabas. Babban manufar madatsar ruwan shine samar da wutar lantarki. Yana tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki ta 225 megawatt.<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=KenGen |date=2010 |title=About Gitaru Hydroelectric Power Station |url=https://kengen.co.ke/index.php/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=210:gitaru&catid=33:power-stations |access-date=28 September 2020 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]]}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Tashar wutar lantarki tana da nisan kilomita 16.5 (10 , ta hanyar hanya, gabashin garin Mavuria a cikin Embu County . Wannan kusan kilomita 161 (100 , ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso gabashin [[Nairobi]], babban birnin Kenya. Yanayin ƙasa na Gitaru Power Station shine:00°47'43.0"S, 37°45'09.0"E (Latitude:-0.795278; Longitude:37.752500). == Tarihi == Ginin madatsar ruwan ya fara ne a shekara ta 1975 kuma an kammala shi a shekara ta 1978. Ba a ba da izini na uku na samar da wutar lantarki ba har zuwa 1999.<ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=KenGen |date=17 April 2016 |title=History of Gitaru Hydroelectric Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/?q=content%2Fhydro-power-stations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417203736/http://www.kengen.co.ke/?q=content%2Fhydro-power-stations |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=28 September 2020 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]] |format=Archived from the original on 17 April 2016}}</ref> Bankin Duniya ya ba da rancen dala miliyan 63 don ci gaban wannan tashar wutar lantarki. Kamfanin Kenya Electricity Generating Company ne ke sarrafa tashar kuma tana daga cikin Shirin Forks Bakwai.<ref name="6R">{{Cite web |last=World Bank |date=1975 |title=Kenya - Gitaru Hydroelectric Project (English) |url=https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/308281468272084130/kenya-gitaru-hydroelectric-project |access-date=28 September 2020 |publisher=[[World Bank]]}}</ref> == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Da din mai tsayi {{Convert|30|m|ft}} yana riƙe da tafkin {{Convert|16000000|m3|acre.ft}} m3 . Ƙananan tafkin ya dogara da sakewa daga Masinga da Kamburu Dams. Tashar wutar lantarki ta tafkin tana karkashin kasa kusa da gefen hagu kuma tana dauke da 72 megawatt da 81 megawatt Francis turbine-generators. Ruwa da aka saki daga tashar an mayar da shi zuwa Tana a tafkin Kindaruma ta hanyar ramin mai tsawon kilomita {{Convert|4.7|km|mi}} (2.9 . Bambanci a tsawo tsakanin tafkin da tashar wutar lantarki yana ba da kai na ruwa na {{Convert|136|m|ft}} ft). <ref name="7R">{{Cite web |date=23 May 1975 |title=Kenya - Appraisal of the Gitaru Hydroelectric Project |url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2000/08/04/000178830_98101901194031/Rendered/PDF/multi_page.pdf |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=[[World Bank]] |pages=Annex 5}}</ref> ==manazarta== du50w81forwt1ntck5g1w7m0u3crris 0 153236 842814 2026-05-29T21:32:19Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1212510866|Kamburu Dam]]" 842814 wikitext text/x-wiki '''MW">Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Kamburu''', kuma madatsar ruwa Kamburu madatsar ruwa ce mai cike da dutse a kan Kogin Tana a Kenya wanda ke kan iyakar yankunan Embu da Machakos a Lardin Gabas. Babban manufar madatsar ruwan ita ce samar da wutar lantarki kuma tana tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki ta 93 MW. Ginin a kan madatsar ruwan ya fara ne a shekara ta 1971 kuma an kammala shi a shekara ta 1975, tare da tashar wutar lantarki da aka ba da izini a wannan shekarar. Bankin Duniya ne ya samar da dala miliyan 23 na dala miliyan 47. Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Kenya ne ke sarrafa tashar wutar lantarki kuma tana daga cikin Shirin Forks Bakwai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kamburu Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=3 |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=Kenya Electricity Generating Company}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenya - Kamburu Hydroelectric Project (English) |url=http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/1971/05/1556302/kenya-kamburu-hydroelectric-project# |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=World Bank}}</ref> {{Convert|52|m|ft}} babban madatsar ruwa yana ƙirƙirar madatsar ruwa mai ƙarfin ajiya na {{Convert|123000000|m3|acre.ft}} . Tashar wutar lantarki tana ƙarƙashin ƙasa a ƙasan yatsan hagu kuma tana ɗauke da janareto guda uku na Francis mai ƙarfin MW 31. Bambancin tsayi tsakanin wurin ajiyar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki yana ba da damar samun kan ruwa mai ƙarfi na {{Convert|82|m|ft}} . Ruwan da aka fitar daga tashar wutar lantarki yana tafiya ƙasa da {{Convert|3040|m|ft}} dogon ramin tsere na baya kafin isa Tana a Madatsar Ruwa ta Gitaru . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 1971 |title=Kenya - Appraisal of the Kamburu Hydroelectric Project |url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2000/03/21/000178830_98101903332654/Rendered/PDF/multi_page.pdf |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=World Bank |pages=Annex 5}}</ref> == Manazarta == 53o1jnkmmgbmuu2z0i9gqlmua7uohdk 842815 842814 2026-05-29T21:32:37Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''MW">Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Kamburu''', kuma madatsar ruwa Kamburu madatsar ruwa ce mai cike da dutse a kan Kogin Tana a Kenya wanda ke kan iyakar yankunan Embu da Machakos a Lardin Gabas. Babban manufar madatsar ruwan ita ce samar da wutar lantarki kuma tana tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki ta 93 MW. Ginin a kan madatsar ruwan ya fara ne a shekara ta 1971 kuma an kammala shi a shekara ta 1975, tare da tashar wutar lantarki da aka ba da izini a wannan shekarar. Bankin Duniya ne ya samar da dala miliyan 23 na dala miliyan 47. Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Kenya ne ke sarrafa tashar wutar lantarki kuma tana daga cikin Shirin Forks Bakwai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kamburu Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=3 |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=Kenya Electricity Generating Company}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenya - Kamburu Hydroelectric Project (English) |url=http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/1971/05/1556302/kenya-kamburu-hydroelectric-project# |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=World Bank}}</ref> {{Convert|52|m|ft}} babban madatsar ruwa yana ƙirƙirar madatsar ruwa mai ƙarfin ajiya na {{Convert|123000000|m3|acre.ft}} . Tashar wutar lantarki tana ƙarƙashin ƙasa a ƙasan yatsan hagu kuma tana ɗauke da janareto guda uku na Francis mai ƙarfin MW 31. Bambancin tsayi tsakanin wurin ajiyar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki yana ba da damar samun kan ruwa mai ƙarfi na {{Convert|82|m|ft}} . Ruwan da aka fitar daga tashar wutar lantarki yana tafiya ƙasa da {{Convert|3040|m|ft}} dogon ramin tsere na baya kafin isa Tana a Madatsar Ruwa ta Gitaru . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 1971 |title=Kenya - Appraisal of the Kamburu Hydroelectric Project |url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2000/03/21/000178830_98101903332654/Rendered/PDF/multi_page.pdf |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=World Bank |pages=Annex 5}}</ref> == Manazarta == oi7yaxyn81qeqekho8pmc26ofur6hp5 0 153237 842816 2026-05-29T21:34:50Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1010704426|Kaptis Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842816 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Kaptis''', kuma Tashar wutar wutar lantarki ta kaptis, ita ce tashar wutar lantarki da aka tsara a [[Kenya]], tare da ƙarfin ƙarni na {{Convert|15|MW|0}} . <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=20 April 2020 |title=Kenya: EAIF and Finnfund finance 15 MW Kaptis Hydroelectric Project |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/kenya-eaif-and-finnfund-finance-15-mw-kaptis-hydroelectric-project/ |access-date=24 September 2020 |publisher=Afrik21.africa}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Tashar wutar lantarki ta mamaye iyakar yankunan Kakamega da Vihiga a Yammacin Kenya kuma tana da nisan kilomita 20 (12 , ta hanya, kudu maso gabashin garin Kakamega . == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Tashar wutar lantarki ta Kaptis wani aikin wutar lantarki ne mai zaman kansa, wanda ke ci gaba da ƙungiyar da ta ƙunshi (a) Tembo Power, wanda ke zaune a Ebene, Mauritius (b) Metier Private Equity International, kamfani da ke zaune a Sandhurst, Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu da (c) WK Construction, kamfanin injiniya da gini na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda ke aiki a [[Johannesburg]]. Kungiyar da ke bunkasa tashar wutar lantarki, ita ma ta mallake ta, kamar yadda aka tsara a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa.<ref name="3R">{{Cite web |last=Kevin Davids |date=31 March 2020 |title=Metier Partners With Tembo Power On Kaptis Hydroelectric Project |url=https://infrastructurebrief.com/metier-partners-with-tembo-power-on-kaptis-hydroelectric-project/ |access-date=24 September 2020 |publisher=Infrastructure Brief}}</ref> == Kudin == An tsara kasafin kudin tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa don kashe dala miliyan 44. Mai shi / masu haɓaka tashar wutar lantarki za su tara dala miliyan 14 a cikin kudade. Sauran dala miliyan 30 za a aro su kamar yadda aka shirya ta hanyar shirya kudi, Asusun Infrastructure na Afirka mai tasowa, wani reshe na Kungiyar Ci gaban Infrastructures mai zaman kanta.<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Terence Creamer |date=16 April 2020 |title=Debt funders appointed for 15 MW Kenya hydropower project |url=https://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/debt-funders-appointed-for-15-mw-kenya-hydropower-project-2020-04-16 |access-date=24 September 2020 |publisher=Engineering News South Africa |place=Johannesburg}}</ref> A watan Afrilu na 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za a ba da rancen dala miliyan 30 tare da Finnish Fund for Industrial Cooperation Limited (Finnfund) da Ninety One SA (tsohon Investec Asset Management), wani reshe na Emerging Africa Infrastructure Fund (EAIF). <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=20 April 2020 |title=Kenya: EAIF and Finnfund finance 15 MW Kaptis Hydroelectric Project |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/kenya-eaif-and-finnfund-finance-15-mw-kaptis-hydroelectric-project/ |access-date=24 September 2020 |publisher=Afrik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJean_Marie_Takouleu2020">Jean Marie Takouleu (20 April 2020). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/kenya-eaif-and-finnfund-finance-15-mw-kaptis-hydroelectric-project/ "Kenya: EAIF and Finnfund finance 15 MW Kaptis Hydroelectric Project"]. Paris: Afrik21.africa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Gine-gine == Ana sa ran cewa aikin zai kai ga rufe kudi kuma za a fara gini a cikin kwata na huɗu na 2020. Ana sa ran ƙaddamar da kasuwanci a rabi na biyu na 2022. Ana sa ran WK Construction ya zama dan kwangila na aikin farar hula da aka fi so.<ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=Nicolette Pombo-van Zyl |date=26 March 2020 |title=Kenya's Kaptis hydropower project to see financial close in 2020 |url=https://www.esi-africa.com/industry-sectors/generation/kenyas-kaptis-hydropower-project-to-see-financial-close-in-2020/ |access-date=24 September 2020 |publisher=ESI-Africa}}</ref> t8y7e5v2gelfn9yhkn1hhjq2ljr2toj 842817 842816 2026-05-29T21:35:24Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Kaptis''', kuma Tashar wutar wutar lantarki ta kaptis, ita ce tashar wutar lantarki da aka tsara a [[Kenya]], tare da ƙarfin ƙarni na {{Convert|15|MW|0}} . <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=20 April 2020 |title=Kenya: EAIF and Finnfund finance 15 MW Kaptis Hydroelectric Project |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/kenya-eaif-and-finnfund-finance-15-mw-kaptis-hydroelectric-project/ |access-date=24 September 2020 |publisher=Afrik21.africa}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Tashar wutar lantarki ta mamaye iyakar yankunan Kakamega da Vihiga a Yammacin Kenya kuma tana da nisan kilomita 20 (12 , ta hanya, kudu maso gabashin garin Kakamega . == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Tashar wutar lantarki ta Kaptis wani aikin wutar lantarki ne mai zaman kansa, wanda ke ci gaba da ƙungiyar da ta ƙunshi (a) Tembo Power, wanda ke zaune a Ebene, Mauritius (b) Metier Private Equity International, kamfani da ke zaune a Sandhurst, Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu da (c) WK Construction, kamfanin injiniya da gini na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda ke aiki a [[Johannesburg]]. Kungiyar da ke bunkasa tashar wutar lantarki, ita ma ta mallake ta, kamar yadda aka tsara a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa.<ref name="3R">{{Cite web |last=Kevin Davids |date=31 March 2020 |title=Metier Partners With Tembo Power On Kaptis Hydroelectric Project |url=https://infrastructurebrief.com/metier-partners-with-tembo-power-on-kaptis-hydroelectric-project/ |access-date=24 September 2020 |publisher=Infrastructure Brief}}</ref> == Kudin == An tsara kasafin kudin tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa don kashe dala miliyan 44. Mai shi / masu haɓaka tashar wutar lantarki za su tara dala miliyan 14 a cikin kudade. Sauran dala miliyan 30 za a aro su kamar yadda aka shirya ta hanyar shirya kudi, Asusun Infrastructure na Afirka mai tasowa, wani reshe na Kungiyar Ci gaban Infrastructures mai zaman kanta.<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Terence Creamer |date=16 April 2020 |title=Debt funders appointed for 15 MW Kenya hydropower project |url=https://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/debt-funders-appointed-for-15-mw-kenya-hydropower-project-2020-04-16 |access-date=24 September 2020 |publisher=Engineering News South Africa |place=Johannesburg}}</ref> A watan Afrilu na 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za a ba da rancen dala miliyan 30 tare da Finnish Fund for Industrial Cooperation Limited (Finnfund) da Ninety One SA (tsohon Investec Asset Management), wani reshe na Emerging Africa Infrastructure Fund (EAIF). <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=20 April 2020 |title=Kenya: EAIF and Finnfund finance 15 MW Kaptis Hydroelectric Project |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/kenya-eaif-and-finnfund-finance-15-mw-kaptis-hydroelectric-project/ |access-date=24 September 2020 |publisher=Afrik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJean_Marie_Takouleu2020">Jean Marie Takouleu (20 April 2020). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/kenya-eaif-and-finnfund-finance-15-mw-kaptis-hydroelectric-project/ "Kenya: EAIF and Finnfund finance 15 MW Kaptis Hydroelectric Project"]. Paris: Afrik21.africa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Gine-gine == Ana sa ran cewa aikin zai kai ga rufe kudi kuma za a fara gini a cikin kwata na huɗu na 2020. Ana sa ran ƙaddamar da kasuwanci a rabi na biyu na 2022. Ana sa ran WK Construction ya zama dan kwangila na aikin farar hula da aka fi so.<ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=Nicolette Pombo-van Zyl |date=26 March 2020 |title=Kenya's Kaptis hydropower project to see financial close in 2020 |url=https://www.esi-africa.com/industry-sectors/generation/kenyas-kaptis-hydropower-project-to-see-financial-close-in-2020/ |access-date=24 September 2020 |publisher=ESI-Africa}}</ref> ==manazarta== khy8sah3tnstztamrxlpukd3tkzchq1 0 153238 842819 2026-05-29T21:37:34Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1307363856|Mhlathuze River]]" 842819 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mhlathuze''' (Afrikaans Mhlathuzerivier) kogi ne a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana cikin KwaZulu-Natal, yankin da ke magudanar ruwansa yana da faɗin fili na 4,209&nbsp;km ^2. Tana hawa a yamma a tsaunukan Babanango a tsayin mita 1,519 kuma tana kwarara sama da mita 100&nbsp;kilomita zuwa gabas zuwa teku wanda ke samar da mashigar ruwa. Tashar ruwa mai zurfi ta Richards Bay tana bakin Kogin Mhlathuze kuma dukkan ci gaban masana'antu yana mai da hankali ne a cikin ginin Empangeni/Richards Bay. == Dams == * Madatsar ruwan Goedertrouw == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Yaƙin Kogin Mhlatuze == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://uzspace.uzulu.ac.za/handle/10530/54 Ƙimar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na kogin Mhlathuze a KwaZulu-Natal] * [http://www.mhlathuze.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5:mhlathuze-weir&catid=11:operations&Itemid=6 Mhlathuze Weir] ml683wmfuz0ca9zh5ra62lhyqmdnfiq 842821 842819 2026-05-29T21:39:46Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842821 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mhlathuze''' (Afrikaans Mhlathuzerivier) kogi ne a [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>[http://nest.su.se/mnode/africa/S_Africa/Mhlathuze/mhlathuze__river_estuary_budgets.htm Mhlathuze River Estuary, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708224502/http://nest.su.se/mnode/Africa/S_Africa/Mhlathuze/mhlathuze__river_estuary_budgets.htm |date=2012-07-08 }}</ref> Yana cikin KwaZulu-Natal, yankin da ke magudanar ruwansa yana da faɗin fili na 4,209&nbsp;km ^2. Tana hawa a yamma a tsaunukan Babanango a tsayin mita 1,519 kuma tana kwarara sama da mita 100&nbsp;kilomita zuwa gabas zuwa teku wanda ke samar da mashigar ruwa. Tashar ruwa mai zurfi ta Richards Bay tana bakin Kogin Mhlathuze kuma dukkan ci gaban masana'antu yana mai da hankali ne a cikin ginin Empangeni/Richards Bay.<ref>[http://nest.su.se/mnode/africa/S_Africa/Mhlathuze/mhlathuze__river_estuary_budgets.htm Mhlathuze River Estuary, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708224502/http://nest.su.se/mnode/Africa/S_Africa/Mhlathuze/mhlathuze__river_estuary_budgets.htm |date=2012-07-08 }}</ref> == Dams == * Madatsar ruwan Goedertrouw == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Yaƙin Kogin Mhlatuze == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://uzspace.uzulu.ac.za/handle/10530/54 Ƙimar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na kogin Mhlathuze a KwaZulu-Natal] * [http://www.mhlathuze.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5:mhlathuze-weir&catid=11:operations&Itemid=6 Mhlathuze Weir] eg9z6zxnfme708epci1jlr16uzaup4t 842829 842821 2026-05-29T21:47:34Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842829 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Mhlathuze''' (Afrikaans Mhlathuzerivier) kogi ne a [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>[http://nest.su.se/mnode/africa/S_Africa/Mhlathuze/mhlathuze__river_estuary_budgets.htm Mhlathuze River Estuary, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708224502/http://nest.su.se/mnode/Africa/S_Africa/Mhlathuze/mhlathuze__river_estuary_budgets.htm |date=2012-07-08 }}</ref> Yana cikin KwaZulu-Natal, yankin da ke magudanar ruwansa yana da faɗin fili na 4,209&nbsp;km ^2. Tana hawa a yamma a tsaunukan Babanango a tsayin mita 1,519 kuma tana kwarara sama da mita 100&nbsp;kilomita zuwa gabas zuwa teku wanda ke samar da mashigar ruwa. Tashar ruwa mai zurfi ta Richards Bay tana bakin Kogin Mhlathuze kuma dukkan ci gaban masana'antu yana mai da hankali ne a cikin ginin Empangeni/Richards Bay.<ref>[http://nest.su.se/mnode/africa/S_Africa/Mhlathuze/mhlathuze__river_estuary_budgets.htm Mhlathuze River Estuary, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708224502/http://nest.su.se/mnode/Africa/S_Africa/Mhlathuze/mhlathuze__river_estuary_budgets.htm |date=2012-07-08 }}</ref> == Dams == * Madatsar ruwan Goedertrouw == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Yaƙin Kogin Mhlatuze == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://uzspace.uzulu.ac.za/handle/10530/54 Ƙimar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na kogin Mhlathuze a KwaZulu-Natal] * [http://www.mhlathuze.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5:mhlathuze-weir&catid=11:operations&Itemid=6 Mhlathuze Weir] miblpcxj6if8mkrdcye8o62yizpwhqi 0 153239 842820 2026-05-29T21:39:13Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1269968352|Kiambere Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842820 wikitext text/x-wiki '''MW">Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Kiambere''' ita ce madatsar ruwa mai cike da ƙasa a kan Kogin Tana kusa da Kiambere, Kenya . Ya mamaye iyakar yankunan Embu da Kitui a tsohuwar lardin Gabas. Babban manufar madatsar ruwan shine samar da wutar lantarki kuma yana tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki ta 165 MW. Ginin a kan m²adatsar ruwan ya fara ne a 1983 kuma an kammala shi a 1987. An kaddamar da tashar wutar lantarki a shekarar 1988. Da farko a cikin 2008 an inganta duka turbine-generators daga 72 MW zuwa 82.5 MW. An ba su izini a shekara ta 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=5 August 2013 |title=Optimisation of Kiambere Hydro Power Project |url=https://cdm.unfccc.int/filestorage/9/l/QIHRCJ6DN710GZBL2W53PTUXVS8KO4.pdf/7783-%20PDD-%202012%2010%2019.pdf?t=anB8b2kxYnVxfDDByJDGaTvRI_Nsll8sBNRO |access-date=22 February 2015 |website= |publisher=UN CDM}}{{Dead link|date=February 2020}}</ref> Bankin Duniya ne ya ba da dala miliyan 95 a cikin kudade don aikin asali. Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Kenya ne ke sarrafa tashar wutar lantarki kuma tana daga cikin Shirin Forks Bakwai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kiambere Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=5 |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=Kengen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenya - Kiambere Hydroelectric Project (English) |url=http://www.worldbank.org/projects/P001291/kiambere-hydroelectric-project?lang=en |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=World Bank}}</ref> {{Convert|110|m|ft}} ɗin babban madatsar ruwa ta riƙe dala {{Convert|585000000|m3|acre.ft}} ma'ajiyar ruwa tare da taimakon wani [[madatsar ruwa]] mai cike da ƙasa zuwa arewa maso yamma. Ruwa daga wurin da ke kan madatsar ruwa mai tsawon kilomita {{Convert|4060|m|ft}} ramin gudu na kai tsaye zuwa tashar wutar lantarki wanda ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa . Yana ɗauke da janareta biyu na Francis turbine masu ƙarfin MW 82.5. Ruwan da aka saki daga tashar wutar lantarki ana mayar da shi Tana ta hanyar {{Convert|1.4|km|mi}} dogon ramin tsere na baya. Bambancin tsayi tsakanin wurin ajiyar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki yana ba da damar samun kan ruwa na {{Convert|150.5|m|ft}} . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 November 1983 |title=Kenya - Appraisal of the Kiambere Hydroelectric Project |url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2000/02/17/000178830_9810190101566/Rendered/PDF/multi_page.pdf |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=World Bank |pages=Annex 5}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hydropower - Our References |url=http://www.wspgroup.com/upload/hydropower_wsp-mcen.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110123120919/https://www.wspgroup.com/upload/Hydropower_WSP-MCEN.pdf |archive-date=January 23, 2011 |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=WSP}}</ref> 9bnsguciwbci49dit2klz9g9km0kskn 842822 842820 2026-05-29T21:40:21Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''MW">Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Kiambere''' ita ce madatsar ruwa mai cike da ƙasa a kan Kogin Tana kusa da Kiambere, Kenya . Ya mamaye iyakar yankunan Embu da Kitui a tsohuwar lardin Gabas. Babban manufar madatsar ruwan shine samar da wutar lantarki kuma yana tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki ta 165 MW. Ginin a kan m²adatsar ruwan ya fara ne a 1983 kuma an kammala shi a 1987. An kaddamar da tashar wutar lantarki a shekarar 1988. Da farko a cikin 2008 an inganta duka turbine-generators daga 72 MW zuwa 82.5 MW. An ba su izini a shekara ta 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=5 August 2013 |title=Optimisation of Kiambere Hydro Power Project |url=https://cdm.unfccc.int/filestorage/9/l/QIHRCJ6DN710GZBL2W53PTUXVS8KO4.pdf/7783-%20PDD-%202012%2010%2019.pdf?t=anB8b2kxYnVxfDDByJDGaTvRI_Nsll8sBNRO |access-date=22 February 2015 |website= |publisher=UN CDM}}{{Dead link|date=February 2020}}</ref> Bankin Duniya ne ya ba da dala miliyan 95 a cikin kudade don aikin asali. Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Kenya ne ke sarrafa tashar wutar lantarki kuma tana daga cikin Shirin Forks Bakwai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kiambere Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=5 |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=Kengen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenya - Kiambere Hydroelectric Project (English) |url=http://www.worldbank.org/projects/P001291/kiambere-hydroelectric-project?lang=en |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=World Bank}}</ref> {{Convert|110|m|ft}} ɗin babban madatsar ruwa ta riƙe dala {{Convert|585000000|m3|acre.ft}} ma'ajiyar ruwa tare da taimakon wani [[madatsar ruwa]] mai cike da ƙasa zuwa arewa maso yamma. Ruwa daga wurin da ke kan madatsar ruwa mai tsawon kilomita {{Convert|4060|m|ft}} ramin gudu na kai tsaye zuwa tashar wutar lantarki wanda ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa . Yana ɗauke da janareta biyu na Francis turbine masu ƙarfin MW 82.5. Ruwan da aka saki daga tashar wutar lantarki ana mayar da shi Tana ta hanyar {{Convert|1.4|km|mi}} dogon ramin tsere na baya. Bambancin tsayi tsakanin wurin ajiyar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki yana ba da damar samun kan ruwa na {{Convert|150.5|m|ft}} . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 November 1983 |title=Kenya - Appraisal of the Kiambere Hydroelectric Project |url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2000/02/17/000178830_9810190101566/Rendered/PDF/multi_page.pdf |access-date=21 February 2015 |publisher=World Bank |pages=Annex 5}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hydropower - Our References |url=http://www.wspgroup.com/upload/hydropower_wsp-mcen.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110123120919/https://www.wspgroup.com/upload/Hydropower_WSP-MCEN.pdf |archive-date=January 23, 2011 |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=WSP}}</ref> ==manazarta== r3rc8s5ee3g4zfm2bu0tp0aybeocfvx 0 153240 842824 2026-05-29T21:43:46Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1212511610|Kindaruma Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842824 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar wutar lantarki ta Kindaruma''', kuma madatsar ruwa ta Kindarum madatsar ruwan ce mai cike da matattarar ruwa guda biyu a kan [[Kenya]])" id="mwHw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tana River (Kenya)">Kogin Tana a Kenya. Ya mamaye iyakar yankunan Embu da Machakos a Kenya. Babban manufar madatsar ruwan shine samar da wutar lantarki kuma yana tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki ta {{Convert|72|MW}} . Ita ce tashar wutar lantarki ta farko ta Kenya bayan samun 'yancin kai. An ba da umurni a cikin 1968 a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin Forks Bakwai . Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Kenya ne ke sarrafa tashar wutar lantarki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kindaruma Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=4 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512114452/http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=4 |archive-date=12 May 2016 |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=Kengen}}</ref> Tsakanin 2007 da 2013 tashar wutar lantarki ta sami gyare-gyare da haɓakawa wanda ya kara ƙarfin shigarwa daga 40 MW zuwa 72 MW.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kindaruma Hydropower Station Taking-Over Ceremony for Rehabilitated and Uprated Unit No. 1 |url=http://norplanhp.com/blog/kindaruma-hydropower-station-taking-ceremony-rehabilitated-uprated-unit-1/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104180849/http://norplanhp.com/blog/kindaruma-hydropower-station-taking-ceremony-rehabilitated-uprated-unit-1/ |archive-date=4 January 2015 |access-date=4 January 2015 |website=norplanhp.com/}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2012 an ba da izini na uku na Kaplan turbine-janareta, wanda aka kiyasta a 24 MW. A cikin Janairu da Yuni 2013, an inganta asalin 20 MW Kaplan turbine-generators zuwa 24 MW kowannensu. hnlwuhm4t6wqzbu758enoja88etpnze 842825 842824 2026-05-29T21:44:21Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842825 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar wutar lantarki ta Kindaruma''', kuma madatsar ruwa ta Kindarum madatsar ruwan ce mai cike da matattarar ruwa guda biyu a kan [[Kenya]])" id="mwHw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tana River (Kenya)">Kogin Tana a Kenya. Ya mamaye iyakar yankunan Embu da Machakos a Kenya. Babban manufar madatsar ruwan shine samar da wutar lantarki kuma yana tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki ta {{Convert|72|MW}} . Ita ce tashar wutar lantarki ta farko ta Kenya bayan samun 'yancin kai. An ba da umurni a cikin 1968 a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin Forks Bakwai . Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Kenya ne ke sarrafa tashar wutar lantarki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kindaruma Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=4 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512114452/http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=4 |archive-date=12 May 2016 |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=Kengen}}</ref> Tsakanin 2007 da 2013 tashar wutar lantarki ta sami gyare-gyare da haɓakawa wanda ya kara ƙarfin shigarwa daga 40 MW zuwa 72 MW.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kindaruma Hydropower Station Taking-Over Ceremony for Rehabilitated and Uprated Unit No. 1 |url=http://norplanhp.com/blog/kindaruma-hydropower-station-taking-ceremony-rehabilitated-uprated-unit-1/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104180849/http://norplanhp.com/blog/kindaruma-hydropower-station-taking-ceremony-rehabilitated-uprated-unit-1/ |archive-date=4 January 2015 |access-date=4 January 2015 |website=norplanhp.com/}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2012 an ba da izini na uku na Kaplan turbine-janareta, wanda aka kiyasta a 24 MW. A cikin Janairu da Yuni 2013, an inganta asalin 20 MW Kaplan turbine-generators zuwa 24 MW kowannensu. ==manqzarta== qj85h4inwqsqjljgb2ren7avz6bc2rd 0 153241 842826 2026-05-29T21:45:58Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340709245|Kiserian Dam]]" 842826 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Kiserian_Dam_crosss-sectional_image.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Bayyanar madatsar ruwan Kiserian daga ƙaho na madatsar ruwa]] Kiserian Dam <ref>{{Cite web |title=kiserian dam {{!}} Kenya News Agency |url=http://kenyanewsagency.go.ke/en/tag/kiserian-dam/ |access-date=2017-05-07 |website=kenyanewsagency.go.ke |language=en-US}}</ref> wani aikin ruwa ne na gwamnatin Kenya wanda ke gefen [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Kiserian+River/@-1.4358939,36.6837465,16z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m6!3m5!1s0x182f012a13a9e569:0x4915653146508396!8m2!3d-1.4364728!4d36.6892129!16s%2Fg%2F11bw87092w?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDgxMy4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D Kogin Kiserian] kimanin kilomita 2 daga garin Kiserian, Keekonyokie Ward . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Large Dams |url=http://www.watercorporation.go.ke/index.php/2014-08-29-13-44-16/large-dams |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429113105/http://www.watercorporation.go.ke/index.php/2014-08-29-13-44-16/large-dams |archive-date=2017-04-29 |access-date=2017-05-07 |website=www.watercorporation.go.ke |language=en-gb}}</ref> gini [[madatsar ruwa]] ya fara ne a shekara ta 2008 kuma ya ƙare a shekara ta 2013. Dam din yana da tsawo na mita 18 da ƙarfin lita miliyan 1.8. <ref>{{Cite web |title=A Comparison of Raw and Treated Water Quality Case Study: Kiserian Dam Water Treatment Plant |url=http://civil.uonbi.ac.ke/content/comparison-raw-and-treated-water-quality-case-study-kiserian-dam-water-treatment-plant |access-date=2017-05-07 |website=civil.uonbi.ac.ke |publisher=Department of Civil & Construction Engineering |language=en}}</ref> Dam din yana da ajiyar tsabtace ruwa na 5000 m3 kuma an yi niyyar yin hidima ga mazauna sama da 253,000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kiserian Dam |url=http://www.oloolaiserwatercompany.co.ke/portfolio/kiserian-dam-2/ |access-date=2017-05-07 |website=www.oloolaiserwatercompany.co.ke |publisher=Oloolaiser Water and Sewerage Company Ltd |language=en-US}}</ref> Koyaya, ba za a iya amfani da madatsar ruwan ba saboda ba a gina shi sosai ba kuma an zauna a wuri mara kyau. A halin yanzu ba shi da fa'ida ga mazauna.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The billion-shilling dams that are now a danger to residents |url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/The-billion-shilling-dams-that-are-now-a-danger-to-residents/1056-5248206-23g7om/index.html |access-date=2020-01-22 |website=Daily Nation |language=en}}</ref> Dam din Kiserian ya dogara da koguna huɗu na yanayi, biyu daga cikinsu sun samo asali ne daga Ngong Hills. An kafa wannan aikin ne don shawo kan kalubalen ruwa a cikin Gundumar Kajiado da wasu sassan Gundumar Nairobi ta hanyar samar da cubic mita 15,700 na ruwa na cikin gida. Kamfanin Oloolaiser Water and Sewage Company ne ke kula da shi wanda kuma ke kula da ruwa da tsabtace ruwa da kuma samarwa. [[Fayil:Kiserian_dam_(when_dry).jpg|thumb|Wannan hoton yana nuna wani ɓangare na Dam din Kiserian lokacin da ya bushe.]] f44wr75jn4smrslsky3unaxpebwj3nq 842827 842826 2026-05-29T21:46:22Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Kiserian_Dam_crosss-sectional_image.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Bayyanar madatsar ruwan Kiserian daga ƙaho na madatsar ruwa]] Kiserian Dam <ref>{{Cite web |title=kiserian dam {{!}} Kenya News Agency |url=http://kenyanewsagency.go.ke/en/tag/kiserian-dam/ |access-date=2017-05-07 |website=kenyanewsagency.go.ke |language=en-US}}</ref> wani aikin ruwa ne na gwamnatin Kenya wanda ke gefen [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Kiserian+River/@-1.4358939,36.6837465,16z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m6!3m5!1s0x182f012a13a9e569:0x4915653146508396!8m2!3d-1.4364728!4d36.6892129!16s%2Fg%2F11bw87092w?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDgxMy4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D Kogin Kiserian] kimanin kilomita 2 daga garin Kiserian, Keekonyokie Ward . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Large Dams |url=http://www.watercorporation.go.ke/index.php/2014-08-29-13-44-16/large-dams |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429113105/http://www.watercorporation.go.ke/index.php/2014-08-29-13-44-16/large-dams |archive-date=2017-04-29 |access-date=2017-05-07 |website=www.watercorporation.go.ke |language=en-gb}}</ref> gini [[madatsar ruwa]] ya fara ne a shekara ta 2008 kuma ya ƙare a shekara ta 2013. Dam din yana da tsawo na mita 18 da ƙarfin lita miliyan 1.8. <ref>{{Cite web |title=A Comparison of Raw and Treated Water Quality Case Study: Kiserian Dam Water Treatment Plant |url=http://civil.uonbi.ac.ke/content/comparison-raw-and-treated-water-quality-case-study-kiserian-dam-water-treatment-plant |access-date=2017-05-07 |website=civil.uonbi.ac.ke |publisher=Department of Civil & Construction Engineering |language=en}}</ref> Dam din yana da ajiyar tsabtace ruwa na 5000 m3 kuma an yi niyyar yin hidima ga mazauna sama da 253,000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kiserian Dam |url=http://www.oloolaiserwatercompany.co.ke/portfolio/kiserian-dam-2/ |access-date=2017-05-07 |website=www.oloolaiserwatercompany.co.ke |publisher=Oloolaiser Water and Sewerage Company Ltd |language=en-US}}</ref> Koyaya, ba za a iya amfani da madatsar ruwan ba saboda ba a gina shi sosai ba kuma an zauna a wuri mara kyau. A halin yanzu ba shi da fa'ida ga mazauna.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The billion-shilling dams that are now a danger to residents |url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/The-billion-shilling-dams-that-are-now-a-danger-to-residents/1056-5248206-23g7om/index.html |access-date=2020-01-22 |website=Daily Nation |language=en}}</ref> Dam din Kiserian ya dogara da koguna huɗu na yanayi, biyu daga cikinsu sun samo asali ne daga Ngong Hills. An kafa wannan aikin ne don shawo kan kalubalen ruwa a cikin Gundumar Kajiado da wasu sassan Gundumar Nairobi ta hanyar samar da cubic mita 15,700 na ruwa na cikin gida. Kamfanin Oloolaiser Water and Sewage Company ne ke kula da shi wanda kuma ke kula da ruwa da tsabtace ruwa da kuma samarwa. [[Fayil:Kiserian_dam_(when_dry).jpg|thumb|Wannan hoton yana nuna wani ɓangare na Dam din Kiserian lokacin da ya bushe.]] ==manazarta== l2uzcw7965j9l2ersfz0ja5itx7up5f 0 153242 842828 2026-05-29T21:47:33Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1195079093|Koromojo Dam]]" 842828 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dam din Koromojo''', wanda aka fi sani da Dam din Mwambe, yana nufin madatsun ruwa guda biyu (Upper da Lower) a kan [[Mwabanda River|Kogin Mwabanda]] a arewacin Msambweni a kudu maso gabashin [[Kenya]]. An gina madatsar ruwa Upper Koromojo a cikin shekarun 1920 yayin da Associated Sugar ta kammala madatsar ruwa ta Lower Koromojo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=EIA Study Report: Mukurumudzi River Dam |url=https://www.nema.go.ke/option/Dcom_phocadownload%26view%3Dcategory%26download%3D499%3Aeia974-study-report-mukurumudzi-finalpdf%26id%3D121%3Aeia970-979-reports&ei=FXqvUrmxKKbSsATU7YHQCg&usg=AFQjCNGKEZG1dE8At8ycSUXqVsmPfCOqqg&sig2=9CR8THa4ozE7UP5089h6BQ&bvm=bv.57967247,d.cWc |access-date=16 December 2013 |publisher=Kwale International Sugar Company Ltd}}</ref> == Manazarta == fbkn7vh6x1qu761wmg846u3f8e1aq6q 842830 842828 2026-05-29T21:48:21Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din Koromojo''', wanda aka fi sani da Dam din Mwambe, yana nufin madatsun ruwa guda biyu (Upper da Lower) a kan [[Mwabanda River|Kogin Mwabanda]] a arewacin Msambweni a kudu maso gabashin [[Kenya]]. An gina madatsar ruwa Upper Koromojo a cikin shekarun 1920 yayin da Associated Sugar ta kammala madatsar ruwa ta Lower Koromojo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=EIA Study Report: Mukurumudzi River Dam |url=https://www.nema.go.ke/option/Dcom_phocadownload%26view%3Dcategory%26download%3D499%3Aeia974-study-report-mukurumudzi-finalpdf%26id%3D121%3Aeia970-979-reports&ei=FXqvUrmxKKbSsATU7YHQCg&usg=AFQjCNGKEZG1dE8At8ycSUXqVsmPfCOqqg&sig2=9CR8THa4ozE7UP5089h6BQ&bvm=bv.57967247,d.cWc |access-date=16 December 2013 |publisher=Kwale International Sugar Company Ltd}}</ref> == Manazarta == eiiqyckn12057nk1iyk1dtxlvba4lnh 0 153243 842831 2026-05-29T21:50:40Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330079808|Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842831 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station''', kuma Masinga Dam, madatsar ruwa ce a kan [[Kenya]])" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tana River (Kenya)">[[Kogi|kogin]] Tana, kogi mafi tsawo a Kenya kuma yana kan iyakar Embu da Machakos Counties a Lardin Gabas kuma yana da nisan kilomita 106. (66 mi.), ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso gabashin [[Nairobi]], babban birnin Kenya kuma birni mafi girma.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Globefeed.com |date=19 February 2018 |title=Distance between Nairobi Central, Nairobi, Kenya and Masinga Dam, Kenya |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Kenya_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Nairobi%20Central%2C%20Nairobi%2C%20Kenya&toplace=Masinga%20Dam%2C%20Kenya&dt1=ChIJNe4z_9QQLxgRVVtoNpaFdCw&dt2=ChIJAXMp3S0DJhgRMhlCuEQM8Nc |access-date=19 February 2018 |publisher=Globefeed.com}}</ref> Ginin madatsar ruwan ya fara ne a shekara ta 1978, kuma an kammala shi a shekara ta 1981. <ref name="sa">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Dam |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Salini Impregilo}}</ref><ref name="geo">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya |url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=Global Energy Observatory}}</ref> Tana mallakar Tana da Athi Rivers Development Authority (TARDA). <ref name="bd">{{Cite web |last=Victor Juma |date=2013-02-26 |title=KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended |url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business Daily}}</ref> Ana amfani da madatsar ruwan don samar da wutar lantarki kuma yana daga cikin Shirin Forks Bakwai.<ref name="geo" />&nbsp;&nbsp; == Dam == Masinga Dam wani madatsar ruwa ne mai tsayi 60 m da tsayi 2,200 m <ref name="geo">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya |url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=Global Energy Observatory}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 "Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya"]. Global Energy Observatory<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> tare da girman 4,950,000 m3. Dam din ya ƙunshi hanyar zubar da ruwa da kuma tashar kasa.<ref name="sa">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Dam |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Salini Impregilo}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html "Masinga Dam"]. Salini Impregilo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ruwa == A cikakken matakin tafkin (mafi girman ambaliyar ruwa na 1,056.5 m) <sup about="#<a class=" cx-link="" data-linkid="182" href="./Megawatt" mw-redirect="" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Megawatt">MW" class="mw-ref reference" data-cx="{}" data-mw="{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"bd"},"body":{"html":"<nowiki><span typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" data-mw=\"{&amp;quot;name&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;templatestyles&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;attrs&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;src&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;body&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;extsrc&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;cite web\\n&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Cite_web&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;author&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Victor Juma&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;publisher&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Business Daily&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;url&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;2013-02-26&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;accessdate&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;2015-02-15&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mw7g\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt40\" class=\"citation web cs1\" id=\"CITEREFVictor_Juma2013\" data-ve-ignore=\"\">Victor Juma (2013-02-26). <a class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html\" id=\"mw7w\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended\"</a></nowiki>. Business Daily<nowiki><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mw8A\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mw8Q\">2015-02-15</span></nowiki><nowiki></span></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-bd_4-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Masinga_Hydroelectric_Power_Station#cite_note-bd-4 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> tafkin madatsar ruwan yana da yanki na 120 km2 kuma jimlar ƙarfinsa ya kai 1.56 biliyan m3.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tana and Athi rivers Development Authority |url=https://tarda.go.ke/masinga-dam-reservoir/#:~:text=The%20dam%20is%20the%20main,water%20capable%20of%20generating%2040MW.}}</ref> Mafi ƙarancin matakin aiki shine 1,037 m. A ranar 26 ga Yuni, KenGen ya rufe tashar wutar lantarki saboda matakin aiki ya faɗi zuwa 1,035.5 m. A lokacin rufewar tashar tana samar da 14 MW.<ref name="bt">{{Cite web |last=Rob Jillo |date=2009-06-30 |title=KenGen closes Masinga Dam |url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/business/2009/06/kengen-closes-masinga-dam/ |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business&Tech}}</ref>&nbsp; Saboda babban sautin, tafkin yana da mahimmanci wajen daidaita kwararar ruwa ga sauran tashoshin wutar lantarki 4 da ke ƙasa.<ref name="ke">{{Cite web |title=MASINGA POWER STATION |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309192139/http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?id=6&page=business&subpage=hydro |archive-date=2016-03-09 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]]}}</ref> == Tashar wutar lantarki == Tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa ta fara aiki a 1981. Kamfanin Kenya Electricity Generating Company (KenGen) ne ke mallakarta kuma ke sarrafa ta. <sup about="#<a class=" cx-link="" data-linkid="193" href="./Megawatt" mw-redirect="" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Megawatt">MW" class="mw-ref reference" data-cx="{}" data-mw="{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"bd"},"body":{"html":"<nowiki><span typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" data-mw=\"{&amp;quot;name&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;templatestyles&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;attrs&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;src&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;body&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;extsrc&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;cite web\\n&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Cite_web&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;author&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Victor Juma&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;publisher&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Business Daily&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;url&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;2013-02-26&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;accessdate&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;2015-02-15&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mw7g\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt40\" class=\"citation web cs1\" id=\"CITEREFVictor_Juma2013\" data-ve-ignore=\"\">Victor Juma (2013-02-26). <a class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html\" id=\"mw7w\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended\"</a></nowiki>. Business Daily<nowiki><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mw8A\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mw8Q\">2015-02-15</span></nowiki><nowiki></span></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-bd_4-2" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Masinga_Hydroelectric_Power_Station#cite_note-bd-4 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> Shuka tana da ƙarfin lamba na 40 MW. Matsakaicin ƙarni na shekara-shekara yana tsakanin 128 (a cikin 2008) da 232 (a cikin 2007), <ref name="geo">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya |url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=Global Energy Observatory}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 "Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya"]. Global Energy Observatory<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> dangane da kwararar ruwa ta Kogin Tana. Tashar wutar lantarki ta ƙunshi 2 Kaplan turbine-generators tare da 20 MW kowannensu. Escher Wyss ne ya samar da turbines, janareto na ABB. Matsakaicin shugaban ruwa shine 49 m, matsakaicin gudana ta kowane turbine shine 45.9 (45) <ref name="sa">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Dam |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Salini Impregilo}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html "Masinga Dam"]. Salini Impregilo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> m3/s.<ref name="geo">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya |url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=Global Energy Observatory}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 "Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya"]. Global Energy Observatory<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Tarihi == Capital cost of the dam was US$172 million.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2018}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2018)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> An yi nazarin yiwuwar a cikin shekarun 1970s kuma sun tabbatar da yiwuwar tashoshin wutar lantarki na ruwa a gefen Kogin Tana: Masinga, Kamburu, Gitaru, Kindaruma, Kiambere, Karura, Mutonga, Low Grand Falls, Usheni, Adamsons Falls, da Kora. Sai kawai biyar na farko daga cikinsu aka gina su har zuwa yanzu.<ref name="ke">{{Cite web |title=MASINGA POWER STATION |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309192139/http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?id=6&page=business&subpage=hydro |archive-date=2016-03-09 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160309192139/http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?id=6&page=business&subpage=hydro "MASINGA POWER STATION"]. [[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]]. Archived from [http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=6 the original] on 2016-03-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> Shirye-shiryen ɗaga madatsar ruwan da mita 1.5 don ƙara girman tafkin har zuwa mita biliyan 2 an soke su. Kudin zai kasance dala miliyan 15.<ref name="bd">{{Cite web |last=Victor Juma |date=2013-02-26 |title=KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended |url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business Daily}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFVictor_Juma2013">Victor Juma (2013-02-26). [http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html "KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended"]. Business Daily<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> A watan Fabrairun 2018, KenGen ta tayar da shirye-shiryen ɗaga bangon madatsar ruwan Masinga da mita 2 (6.6 , da kuma shigar da kayan aikin famfo don sake amfani da ruwan da ke ƙasa zuwa madatsar don fitar da wutar lantarki mai ɗorewa duk da lokacin bushewa. Hukumar Raya Faransa (AFD) ta amince da ba da rancen KSh21 miliyan (€ 169,000) da ake buƙata don gudanar da sabon yiwuwar da kimanta tasirin muhalli. AFD ta zaɓi EDF Group, wani kamfani na Faransa don gudanar da binciken.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Otuki |first=Neville |date=19 February 2018 |title=KenGen signs fresh deal to upgrade Masinga dam wall |url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/news/KenGen-signs-fresh-deal-to-upgrade-Masinga-dam-wall/539546-4310038-pu1tjoz/index.html |access-date=19 February 2018}}</ref> Ruwan sama mai tsanani wanda ya fara a watan Maris na shekara ta 2018 ya haifar da babban ambaliyar ruwa a duk yankin Kogin Tana. A ranar 17 ga Mayu 2018, an ba da sanarwar cewa madatsar ruwan Masinga ta kai karfinta kuma ta fara cika mako guda bayan gazawar karamin madatsar ruwa a Solai. Yayinda tsaro a wurin ya hana madatsar ruwan kasa, wasu madatsar ruwa a ƙasa sun riga sun kai ga iyawa kuma hukumomi sun ba da shawarar kwashe garuruwan [[Garissa]], Garsen, Hola, da Bura. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6drd37vq4b21600akz2oitajzsrkn78 842832 842831 2026-05-29T21:52:26Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842832 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station''', kuma Masinga Dam, madatsar ruwa ce a kan [[Kenya]])" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tana River (Kenya)">[[Kogi|kogin]] Tana, kogi mafi tsawo a Kenya kuma yana kan iyakar Embu da Machakos Counties a Lardin Gabas kuma yana da nisan kilomita 106. (66 mi.), ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso gabashin [[Nairobi]], babban birnin Kenya kuma birni mafi girma.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Globefeed.com |date=19 February 2018 |title=Distance between Nairobi Central, Nairobi, Kenya and Masinga Dam, Kenya |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business Daily}}</ref> Ana amfani da madatsar ruwan don samar da wutar lantarki kuma yana daga cikin Shirin Forks Bakwai.<ref name="geo" />&nbsp;&nbsp; == Dam == Masinga Dam wani madatsar ruwa ne mai tsayi 60 m da tsayi 2,200 m <ref name="geo">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya |url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=Global Energy Observatory}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 "Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya"]. Global Energy Observatory<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> tare da girman 4,950,000 m3. Dam din ya ƙunshi hanyar zubar da ruwa da kuma tashar kasa.<ref name="sa">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Dam |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Salini Impregilo}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html "Masinga Dam"]. Salini Impregilo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ruwa == A cikakken matakin tafkin (mafi girman ambaliyar ruwa na 1,056.5 m) <sup about="#<a class=" cx-link="" data-linkid="182" href="./Megawatt" mw-redirect="" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Megawatt">MW" ><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> tafkin madatsar ruwan yana da yanki na 120 km2 kuma jimlar ƙarfinsa ya kai 1.56 biliyan m3.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tana and Athi rivers Development Authority |url=https://tarda.go.ke/masinga-dam-reservoir/#:~:text=The%20dam%20is%20the%20main,water%20capable%20of%20generating%2040MW.}}</ref> Mafi ƙarancin matakin aiki shine 1,037 m. A ranar 26 ga Yuni, KenGen ya rufe tashar wutar lantarki saboda matakin aiki ya faɗi zuwa 1,035.5 m. A lokacin rufewar tashar tana samar da 14 MW.<ref name="bt">{{Cite web |last=Rob Jillo |date=2009-06-30 |title=KenGen closes Masinga Dam |url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/business/2009/06/kengen-closes-masinga-dam/ |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business&Tech}}</ref>&nbsp; Saboda babban sautin, tafkin yana da mahimmanci wajen daidaita kwararar ruwa ga sauran tashoshin wutar lantarki 4 da ke ƙasa.<ref name="ke">{{Cite web |title=MASINGA POWER STATION |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309192139/http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?id=6&page=business&subpage=hydro |archive-date=2016-03-09 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]]}}</ref> == Tashar wutar lantarki == Tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa ta fara aiki a 1981. Kamfanin Kenya Electricity Generating Company (KenGen) ne ke mallakarta kuma ke sarrafa ta. <sup about="#<a class=" cx-link="" data-linkid="193" href="./Megawatt" mw-redirect="" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Megawatt">MW" class="mw-ref reference" data-cx="{}" data-mw="{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"bd"},"body":{"html":"<nowiki><span typeof na shekara-shekara yana tsakanin 128 (a cikin 2008) da 232 (a cikin 2007), <ref name="geo">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya |url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=Global Energy Observatory}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 "Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya"]. Global Energy Observatory<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> dangane da kwararar ruwa ta Kogin Tana. Tashar wutar lantarki ta ƙunshi 2 Kaplan turbine-generators tare da 20 MW kowannensu. Escher Wyss ne ya samar da turbines, janareto na ABB. Matsakaicin shugaban ruwa shine 49 m, matsakaicin gudana ta kowane turbine shine 45.9 (45) <ref name="sa">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Dam |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Salini Impregilo}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html "Masinga Dam"]. Salini Impregilo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> m3/s.<ref name="geo">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya |url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=Global Energy Observatory}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 "Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya"]. Global Energy Observatory<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Tarihi == Capital cost of the dam was US$172 million.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2018}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2018)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> An yi nazarin yiwuwar a cikin shekarun 1970s kuma sun tabbatar da yiwuwar tashoshin wutar lantarki na ruwa a gefen Kogin Tana: Masinga, Kamburu, Gitaru, Kindaruma, Kiambere, Karura, Mutonga, Low Grand Falls, Usheni, Adamsons Falls, da Kora. Sai kawai biyar na farko daga cikinsu aka gina su har zuwa yanzu.<ref name="ke">{{Cite web |title=MASINGA POWER STATION | Shirye-shiryen ɗaga madatsar ruwan da mita 1.5 don ƙara girman tafkin har zuwa mita biliyan 2 an soke su. Kudin zai kasance dala miliyan 15.<ref name="bd">{{Cite web |last=Victor Juma |date=2013-02-26 |title=KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended |url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business Daily}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFVictor_Juma2013">Victor Juma (2013-02-26). [http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html "KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended"]. Business Daily<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> A watan Fabrairun 2018, KenGen ta tayar da shirye-shiryen ɗaga bangon madatsar ruwan Masinga da mita 2 (6.6 , da kuma shigar da kayan aikin famfo don sake amfani da ruwan da ke ƙasa zuwa madatsar don fitar da wutar lantarki mai ɗorewa duk da lokacin bushewa. Hukumar Raya Faransa (AFD) ta amince da ba da rancen KSh21 miliyan (€ 169,000) da ake buƙata don gudanar da sabon yiwuwar da kimanta tasirin muhalli. AFD ta zaɓi EDF Group, wani kamfani na Faransa don gudanar da binciken.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Otuki |first=Neville |date=19 February 2018 |title=KenGen signs fresh deal to upgrade Masinga dam wall |url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/news/KenGen-signs-fresh-deal-to-upgrade-Masinga-dam-wall/539546-4310038-pu1tjoz/index.html |access-date=19 February 2018}}</ref> Ruwan sama mai tsanani wanda ya fara a watan Maris na shekara ta 2018 ya haifar da babban ambaliyar ruwa a duk yankin Kogin Tana. A ranar 17 ga Mayu 2018, an ba da sanarwar cewa madatsar ruwan Masinga ta kai karfinta kuma ta fara cika mako guda bayan gazawar karamin madatsar ruwa a Solai. Yayinda tsaro a wurin ya hana madatsar ruwan kasa, wasu madatsar ruwa a ƙasa sun riga sun kai ga iyawa kuma hukumomi sun ba da shawarar kwashe garuruwan [[Garissa]], Garsen, Hola, da Bura. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] th2fu3en5x7j1r7zstwzay5ftw0nhi5 842833 842832 2026-05-29T21:53:17Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Tashar wutar lantarki */ 842833 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station''', kuma Masinga Dam, madatsar ruwa ce a kan [[Kenya]])" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tana River (Kenya)">[[Kogi|kogin]] Tana, kogi mafi tsawo a Kenya kuma yana kan iyakar Embu da Machakos Counties a Lardin Gabas kuma yana da nisan kilomita 106. (66 mi.), ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso gabashin [[Nairobi]], babban birnin Kenya kuma birni mafi girma.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Globefeed.com |date=19 February 2018 |title=Distance between Nairobi Central, Nairobi, Kenya and Masinga Dam, Kenya |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business Daily}}</ref> Ana amfani da madatsar ruwan don samar da wutar lantarki kuma yana daga cikin Shirin Forks Bakwai.<ref name="geo" />&nbsp;&nbsp; == Dam == Masinga Dam wani madatsar ruwa ne mai tsayi 60 m da tsayi 2,200 m <ref name="geo">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya |url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=Global Energy Observatory}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 "Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya"]. Global Energy Observatory<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> tare da girman 4,950,000 m3. Dam din ya ƙunshi hanyar zubar da ruwa da kuma tashar kasa.<ref name="sa">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Dam |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Salini Impregilo}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html "Masinga Dam"]. Salini Impregilo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ruwa == A cikakken matakin tafkin (mafi girman ambaliyar ruwa na 1,056.5 m) <sup about="#<a class=" cx-link="" data-linkid="182" href="./Megawatt" mw-redirect="" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Megawatt">MW" ><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> tafkin madatsar ruwan yana da yanki na 120 km2 kuma jimlar ƙarfinsa ya kai 1.56 biliyan m3.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tana and Athi rivers Development Authority |url=https://tarda.go.ke/masinga-dam-reservoir/#:~:text=The%20dam%20is%20the%20main,water%20capable%20of%20generating%2040MW.}}</ref> Mafi ƙarancin matakin aiki shine 1,037 m. A ranar 26 ga Yuni, KenGen ya rufe tashar wutar lantarki saboda matakin aiki ya faɗi zuwa 1,035.5 m. A lokacin rufewar tashar tana samar da 14 MW.<ref name="bt">{{Cite web |last=Rob Jillo |date=2009-06-30 |title=KenGen closes Masinga Dam |url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/business/2009/06/kengen-closes-masinga-dam/ |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business&Tech}}</ref>&nbsp; Saboda babban sautin, tafkin yana da mahimmanci wajen daidaita kwararar ruwa ga sauran tashoshin wutar lantarki 4 da ke ƙasa.<ref name="ke">{{Cite web |title=MASINGA POWER STATION |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309192139/http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?id=6&page=business&subpage=hydro |archive-date=2016-03-09 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]]}}</ref> == Tashar wutar lantarki == Tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa ta fara aiki a 1981. Kamfanin Kenya Electricity Generating Company (KenGen) ne ke mallakarta kuma ke sarrafa ta. <sup about="#<a class=" cx-link="" data-linkid="193" href="./Megawatt="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> dangane da kwararar ruwa ta Kogin Tana. Tashar wutar lantarki ta ƙunshi 2 Kaplan turbine-generators tare da 20 MW kowannensu. Escher Wyss ne ya samar da turbines, janareto na ABB. Matsakaicin shugaban ruwa shine 49 m, matsakaicin gudana ta kowane turbine shine 45.9 (45) < == Tarihi == Capital cost of the dam was US$172 million.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2018}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2018)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> An yi nazarin yiwuwar a cikin shekarun 1970s kuma sun tabbatar da yiwuwar tashoshin wutar lantarki na ruwa a gefen Kogin Tana: Masinga, Kamburu, Gitaru, Kindaruma, Kiambere, Karura, Mutonga, Low Grand Falls, Usheni, Adamsons Falls, da Kora. Sai kawai biyar na farko daga cikinsu aka gina su har zuwa yanzu.<ref name="ke">{{Cite web |title=MASINGA POWER STATION | Shirye-shiryen ɗaga madatsar ruwan da mita 1.5 don ƙara girman tafkin har zuwa mita biliyan 2 an soke su. Kudin zai kasance dala miliyan 15.<ref name="bd">{{Cite web |last=Victor Juma |date=2013-02-26 |title=KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended |url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business Daily}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFVictor_Juma2013">Victor Juma (2013-02-26). [http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html "KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended"]. Business Daily<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> A watan Fabrairun 2018, KenGen ta tayar da shirye-shiryen ɗaga bangon madatsar ruwan Masinga da mita 2 (6.6 , da kuma shigar da kayan aikin famfo don sake amfani da ruwan da ke ƙasa zuwa madatsar don fitar da wutar lantarki mai ɗorewa duk da lokacin bushewa. Hukumar Raya Faransa (AFD) ta amince da ba da rancen KSh21 miliyan (€ 169,000) da ake buƙata don gudanar da sabon yiwuwar da kimanta tasirin muhalli. AFD ta zaɓi EDF Group, wani kamfani na Faransa don gudanar da binciken.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Otuki |first=Neville |date=19 February 2018 |title=KenGen signs fresh deal to upgrade Masinga dam wall |url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/news/KenGen-signs-fresh-deal-to-upgrade-Masinga-dam-wall/539546-4310038-pu1tjoz/index.html |access-date=19 February 2018}}</ref> Ruwan sama mai tsanani wanda ya fara a watan Maris na shekara ta 2018 ya haifar da babban ambaliyar ruwa a duk yankin Kogin Tana. A ranar 17 ga Mayu 2018, an ba da sanarwar cewa madatsar ruwan Masinga ta kai karfinta kuma ta fara cika mako guda bayan gazawar karamin madatsar ruwa a Solai. Yayinda tsaro a wurin ya hana madatsar ruwan kasa, wasu madatsar ruwa a ƙasa sun riga sun kai ga iyawa kuma hukumomi sun ba da shawarar kwashe garuruwan [[Garissa]], Garsen, Hola, da Bura. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] g44c045a5h8rb0d0bfi5p5f8os7zfyz 842834 842833 2026-05-29T21:54:37Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842834 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station''', kuma Masinga Dam, madatsar ruwa ce a kan [[Kenya]])" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tana River (Kenya)">[[Kogi|kogin]] Tana, kogi mafi tsawo a Kenya kuma yana kan iyakar Embu da Machakos Counties a Lardin Gabas kuma yana da nisan kilomita 106. (66 mi.), ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso gabashin [[Nairobi]], babban birnin Kenya kuma birni mafi girma.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Globefeed.com |date=19 February 2018 |title=Distance between Nairobi Central, Nairobi, Kenya and Masinga Dam, Kenya |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business Daily}}</ref> Ana amfani da madatsar ruwan don samar da wutar lantarki kuma yana daga cikin Shirin Forks Bakwai.<ref name="geo" />&nbsp;&nbsp; == Dam == Masinga Dam wani madatsar ruwa ne mai tsayi 60 m da tsayi 2,200 m <ref name="geo">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya |url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=Global Energy Observatory}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 "Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya"]. Global Energy Observatory<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> tare da girman 4,950,000 m3. Dam din ya ƙunshi hanyar zubar da ruwa da kuma tashar kasa.<ref name="sa">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Dam |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Salini Impregilo}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html "Masinga Dam"]. Salini Impregilo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ruwa == A cikakken matakin tafkin (mafi girman ambaliyar ruwa na 1,056.5 m) <sup about="#<a class=" cx-link="" data-linkid="182" href="./Megawatt" mw-redirect="" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Megawatt">MW" ><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> tafkin madatsar ruwan yana da yanki na 120 km2 kuma jimlar ƙarfinsa ya kai 1.56 biliyan m3.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tana and Athi rivers Development Authority |url=https://tarda.go.ke/masinga-dam-reservoir/#:~:text=The%20dam%20is%20the%20main,water%20capable%20of%20generating%2040MW.}}</ref> Mafi ƙarancin matakin aiki shine 1,037 m. A ranar 26 ga Yuni, KenGen ya rufe tashar wutar lantarki saboda matakin aiki ya faɗi zuwa 1,035.5 m. A lokacin rufewar tashar tana samar da 14 MW.<ref name="bt">{{Cite web |last=Rob Jillo |date=2009-06-30 |title=KenGen closes Masinga Dam |url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/business/2009/06/kengen-closes-masinga-dam/ |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business&Tech}}</ref>&nbsp; Saboda babban sautin, tafkin yana da mahimmanci wajen daidaita kwararar ruwa ga sauran tashoshin wutar lantarki 4 da ke ƙasa.<ref name="ke">{{Cite web |title=MASINGA POWER STATION |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309192139/http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?id=6&page=business&subpage=hydro |archive-date=2016-03-09 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]]}}</ref> == Tashar wutar lantarki == Tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa ta fara aiki a 1981. Kamfanin Kenya Electricity Generating Company (KenGen) ne ke mallakarta kuma ke sarrafa ta. <sup about="#<a class=" cx-link="" data-linkid="193" href="./Megawatt="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> dangane da kwararar ruwa ta Kogin Tana. Tashar wutar lantarki ta ƙunshi 2 Kaplan turbine-generators tare da 20 MW kowannensu. Escher Wyss ne ya samar da turbines, janareto na ABB. Matsakaicin shugaban ruwa shine 49 m, matsakaicin gudana ta kowane turbine shine 45.9 (45) < == Tarihi == Capital cost of the dam was US$172 million.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2018}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2018)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> An yi nazarin yiwuwar a cikin shekarun 1970s kuma sun tabbatar da yiwuwar tashoshin wutar lantarki na ruwa a gefen Kogin Tana: Masinga, Kamburu, Gitaru, Kindaruma, Kiambere, Karura, Mutonga, Low Grand Falls, Usheni, Adamsons Falls, da Kora. Sai kawai biyar na farko daga cikinsu aka gina su har zuwa yanzu.<ref name="ke">{{Cite web |title=MASINGA POWER STATION | Shirye-shiryen ɗaga madatsar ruwan da mita 1.5 don ƙara girman tafkin har zuwa mita biliyan 2 an soke su. Kudin zai kasance dala miliyan 15.<ref name="bd">{{Cite web |last=Victor Juma |date=2013-02-26 |title=KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended |url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business Daily}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFVictor_Juma2013">Victor Juma (2013-02-26). [http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html "KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended"]. Business Daily<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> A watan Fabrairun 2018, KenGen ta tayar da shirye-shiryen ɗaga bangon madatsar ruwan Masinga da mita 2 (6.6 , da kuma shigar da kayan aikin famfo don sake amfani da ruwan da ke ƙasa zuwa madatsar don fitar da wutar lantarki mai ɗorewa duk da lokacin bushewa. Hukumar Raya Faransa (AFD) ta amince da ba da rancen KSh21 miliyan (€ 169,000) da ake buƙata don gudanar da sabon yiwuwar da kimanta tasirin muhalli. AFD ta zaɓi EDF Group, wani kamfani na Faransa don gudanar da binciken.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Otuki |first=Neville |date=19 February 2018 |title=KenGen signs fresh deal to upgrade Masinga dam wall |url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/news/KenGen-signs-fresh-deal-to-upgrade-Masinga-dam-wall/539546-4310038-pu1tjoz/index.html |access-date=19 February 2018}}</ref> Ruwan sama mai tsanani wanda ya fara a watan Maris na shekara ta 2018 ya haifar da babban ambaliyar ruwa a duk yankin Kogin Tana. A ranar 17 ga Mayu 2018, an ba da sanarwar cewa madatsar ruwan Masinga ta kai karfinta kuma ta fara cika mako guda bayan gazawar karamin madatsar ruwa a Solai. Yayinda tsaro a wurin ya hana madatsar ruwan kasa, wasu madatsar ruwa a ƙasa sun riga sun kai ga iyawa kuma hukumomi sun ba da shawarar kwashe garuruwan [[Garissa]], Garsen, Hola, da Bura. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ==manazarta skzquqmao0vymv0l89syt1aqshyuszb 842835 842834 2026-05-29T21:54:54Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842835 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station''', kuma Masinga Dam, madatsar ruwa ce a kan [[Kenya]])" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tana River (Kenya)">[[Kogi|kogin]] Tana, kogi mafi tsawo a Kenya kuma yana kan iyakar Embu da Machakos Counties a Lardin Gabas kuma yana da nisan kilomita 106. (66 mi.), ta hanyar hanya, arewa maso gabashin [[Nairobi]], babban birnin Kenya kuma birni mafi girma.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Globefeed.com |date=19 February 2018 |title=Distance between Nairobi Central, Nairobi, Kenya and Masinga Dam, Kenya |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business Daily}}</ref> Ana amfani da madatsar ruwan don samar da wutar lantarki kuma yana daga cikin Shirin Forks Bakwai.<ref name="geo" />&nbsp;&nbsp; == Dam == Masinga Dam wani madatsar ruwa ne mai tsayi 60 m da tsayi 2,200 m <ref name="geo">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya |url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=Global Energy Observatory}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/40364 "Masinga Hydroelectric Power Station Kenya"]. Global Energy Observatory<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> tare da girman 4,950,000 m3. Dam din ya ƙunshi hanyar zubar da ruwa da kuma tashar kasa.<ref name="sa">{{Cite web |title=Masinga Dam |url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Salini Impregilo}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/masinga-dam.html "Masinga Dam"]. Salini Impregilo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ruwa == A cikakken matakin tafkin (mafi girman ambaliyar ruwa na 1,056.5 m) <sup about="#<a class=" cx-link="" data-linkid="182" href="./Megawatt" mw-redirect="" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Megawatt">MW" ><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> tafkin madatsar ruwan yana da yanki na 120 km2 kuma jimlar ƙarfinsa ya kai 1.56 biliyan m3.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tana and Athi rivers Development Authority |url=https://tarda.go.ke/masinga-dam-reservoir/#:~:text=The%20dam%20is%20the%20main,water%20capable%20of%20generating%2040MW.}}</ref> Mafi ƙarancin matakin aiki shine 1,037 m. A ranar 26 ga Yuni, KenGen ya rufe tashar wutar lantarki saboda matakin aiki ya faɗi zuwa 1,035.5 m. A lokacin rufewar tashar tana samar da 14 MW.<ref name="bt">{{Cite web |last=Rob Jillo |date=2009-06-30 |title=KenGen closes Masinga Dam |url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/business/2009/06/kengen-closes-masinga-dam/ |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business&Tech}}</ref>&nbsp; Saboda babban sautin, tafkin yana da mahimmanci wajen daidaita kwararar ruwa ga sauran tashoshin wutar lantarki 4 da ke ƙasa.<ref name="ke">{{Cite web |title=MASINGA POWER STATION |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309192139/http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?id=6&page=business&subpage=hydro |archive-date=2016-03-09 |access-date=2015-02-19 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]]}}</ref> == Tashar wutar lantarki == Tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa ta fara aiki a 1981. Kamfanin Kenya Electricity Generating Company (KenGen) ne ke mallakarta kuma ke sarrafa ta. <sup about="#<a class=" cx-link="" data-linkid="193" href="./Megawatt="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-19</span></span>.</cite></ref> dangane da kwararar ruwa ta Kogin Tana. Tashar wutar lantarki ta ƙunshi 2 Kaplan turbine-generators tare da 20 MW kowannensu. Escher Wyss ne ya samar da turbines, janareto na ABB. Matsakaicin shugaban ruwa shine 49 m, matsakaicin gudana ta kowane turbine shine 45.9 (45) < == Tarihi == Capital cost of the dam was US$172 million.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2018}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2018)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> An yi nazarin yiwuwar a cikin shekarun 1970s kuma sun tabbatar da yiwuwar tashoshin wutar lantarki na ruwa a gefen Kogin Tana: Masinga, Kamburu, Gitaru, Kindaruma, Kiambere, Karura, Mutonga, Low Grand Falls, Usheni, Adamsons Falls, da Kora. Sai kawai biyar na farko daga cikinsu aka gina su har zuwa yanzu.<ref name="ke">{{Cite web |title=MASINGA POWER STATION | Shirye-shiryen ɗaga madatsar ruwan da mita 1.5 don ƙara girman tafkin har zuwa mita biliyan 2 an soke su. Kudin zai kasance dala miliyan 15.<ref name="bd">{{Cite web |last=Victor Juma |date=2013-02-26 |title=KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended |url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html |access-date=2015-02-15 |publisher=Business Daily}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFVictor_Juma2013">Victor Juma (2013-02-26). [http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/KenGen-bid-to-raise-Masinga-dam-height-suspended-/-/539550/1705594/-/1dvqb6z/-/index.html "KenGen's bid to raise Masinga dam height suspended"]. Business Daily<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> A watan Fabrairun 2018, KenGen ta tayar da shirye-shiryen ɗaga bangon madatsar ruwan Masinga da mita 2 (6.6 , da kuma shigar da kayan aikin famfo don sake amfani da ruwan da ke ƙasa zuwa madatsar don fitar da wutar lantarki mai ɗorewa duk da lokacin bushewa. Hukumar Raya Faransa (AFD) ta amince da ba da rancen KSh21 miliyan (€ 169,000) da ake buƙata don gudanar da sabon yiwuwar da kimanta tasirin muhalli. AFD ta zaɓi EDF Group, wani kamfani na Faransa don gudanar da binciken.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Otuki |first=Neville |date=19 February 2018 |title=KenGen signs fresh deal to upgrade Masinga dam wall |url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/news/KenGen-signs-fresh-deal-to-upgrade-Masinga-dam-wall/539546-4310038-pu1tjoz/index.html |access-date=19 February 2018}}</ref> Ruwan sama mai tsanani wanda ya fara a watan Maris na shekara ta 2018 ya haifar da babban ambaliyar ruwa a duk yankin Kogin Tana. A ranar 17 ga Mayu 2018, an ba da sanarwar cewa madatsar ruwan Masinga ta kai karfinta kuma ta fara cika mako guda bayan gazawar karamin madatsar ruwa a Solai. Yayinda tsaro a wurin ya hana madatsar ruwan kasa, wasu madatsar ruwa a ƙasa sun riga sun kai ga iyawa kuma hukumomi sun ba da shawarar kwashe garuruwan [[Garissa]], Garsen, Hola, da Bura. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ==manazarta== 60q6fms628qy6tpx3k9ut7wxv6zadsc 0 153244 842837 2026-05-29T22:03:27Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328614798|Suez (company, 1997–2008)]]" 842837 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Suez SA''', wacce aka fi sani da '''Suez-Lyonnaise des eaux''' daga 1997 zuwa 2001, babbar kamfani ce ta [[Faransa]] mai hedikwata a gundumar 8 ta Paris, wacce ke da ayyuka da yawa a fannin ruwa, wutar lantarki da iskar gas, da kuma [[Gudanar da sharar gida|kula da sharar gida]] . Suez ya samo asali ne sakamakon hadewar ''Compagnie de Suez'' da {{Interlanguage link|Lyonnaise des Eaux{{!}}''Lyonnaise des Eaux''|fr|Lyonnaise des Eaux}} a shekarar 1997., wani babban kamfanin ruwa na Faransa. A farkon shekarun 2000, Suez ta mallaki wasu kadarorin [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]] da [[sadarwa]], amma daga baya ta raba su. A cewar ''Masons Water Yearbook'' 2004/5, Suez ta yi wa mutane miliyan 117.4 hidima a duk duniya. Kamfanin ya gudanar da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin kamfanoni masu daidaito da kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Gaz de France a ranar 22 ga Yuli 2008 don kafa GDF Suez (wanda ake kira Engie tun 2015). An rarraba kadarorin ruwa da sharar gida na Suez zuwa wani kamfani daban da aka yi ciniki da shi a bainar jama'a, Suez Environnement . <ref name="Bloom" /> == Tarihi == Suez (kuma ya kasance, ta hanyar GDF Suez) ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin kamfanonin ƙasashen duniya da ke ci gaba da wanzuwa a duniya, tare da layi ɗaya na tarihin kamfanoni tun daga shekarar 1822 da aka kafa {{Lang|nl|Algemeene Nederlandsche Maatschappij ter begunstiging van de volksvlijt}} (a zahiri: Kamfanin Janar na Dutch don fifita masana'antu) na Sarki William na ɗaya na Netherlands (duba Société Générale de Belgique ). Tsarinsa kafin haɗakar GDF ya samo asali ne sakamakon kusan ƙarni biyu na sake tsarawa da haɗakar kamfanoni. Sunansa na baya-bayan nan ya fito ne daga shigar ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da suka kafa shi - ''Compagnie universelle du canal maritime de Suez'' - wajen gina [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]] a tsakiyar ƙarni na 19. === Haɗa kai da Gaz de France === A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2006, Firayim Ministan Faransa [[Dominique de Villepin]] ya sanar da hadewar Suez da Gaz de France, wanda zai zama babbar kamfanin iskar gas mai ruwa-ruwa a duniya. Kudaden shigar GDF sun kai kusan Yuro biliyan 22.4 a shekarar 2005, idan aka kwatanta da Yuro biliyan 41.5 ga Suez. Ƙungiyar kwadago ta CGT ta kira hadewar a matsayin "kasuwanci mai ɓoye." <ref>{{Cite web |title=GDF-Suez petits arrangements avec la vérité |url=https://www.humanite.fr/journal/2006-02-28/2006-02-28-825123 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060624065945/http://www.humanite.fr/journal/2006-02-28/2006-02-28-825123 |archive-date=2006-06-24 |access-date=2006-09-25 |publisher=humanite.fr}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2007, Gaz de France da Suez suka sanar da yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa. An gudanar da yarjejeniyar ne bisa ga musayar hannun jari 21 na Gaz de France da hannun jari 22 na Suez ta hanyar karɓar Suez daga Gaz de France. Ƙasar Faransa tana da fiye da kashi 35% na hannun jarin kamfanin da aka haɗa, GDF Suez. Sakamakon sharuɗɗan da Hukumar Turai ta gabatar game da ba da damar haɗin gwiwar, a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 2008, Suez ta sayar da mai samar da iskar gas na Belgium Distrigas ga kamfanin Eni na Italiya kan Yuro biliyan 2.7. A ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2008, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar GDF Suez, wani kamfani na Yuro biliyan 74 na cinikin shekara-shekara, a hukumance. == Manyan rassan kamfanin == === Yanzu ɓangare ne na Engie === * Suez Energy International - makamashi * Electrabel - wutar lantarki a Turai (na farko a Belgium) * Injiniyan Tractebel - ƙwararren injiniya na duniya * {{Interlanguage link|Cofely|fr}} - ayyukan gini/gudanar da kayan aiki === Yanzu haka wani ɓangare ne na SUEZ === * Sita — sarrafa sharar gida * Suez muhalli - ruwa da sharar gida * Degrémont - Injiniyan kula da ruwa da sharar gida * Hadin gwiwa da Ruwa — ruwa a Amurka, har ma da [[Adelaide]], Ostiraliya * Grupo Agbar - ruwa da sharar gida * Kamfanin Purite Ltd - kamfanin tsarkake ruwa * GE Ruwa da Fasahar Tsari-Ionics-Ecolochem-ZENON-Osmonics * Kamfanin Driplex Water Engineering Ltd. * Driplex Water Engineering International Pvt. Ltd == Manazarta == ec2y878xrfkh38wq1vyt1rb5i5r9csy 842838 842837 2026-05-29T22:04:05Z Engineer014 44591 842838 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Suez SA''', wacce aka fi sani da '''Suez-Lyonnaise des eaux''' daga 1997 zuwa 2001, babbar kamfani ce ta [[Faransa]] mai hedikwata a gundumar 8 ta Paris, wacce ke da ayyuka da yawa a fannin ruwa, wutar lantarki da iskar gas, da kuma [[Gudanar da sharar gida|kula da sharar gida]] . Suez ya samo asali ne sakamakon hadewar ''Compagnie de Suez'' da {{Interlanguage link|Lyonnaise des Eaux{{!}}''Lyonnaise des Eaux''|fr|Lyonnaise des Eaux}} a shekarar 1997., wani babban kamfanin ruwa na Faransa. A farkon shekarun 2000, Suez ta mallaki wasu kadarorin [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]] da [[sadarwa]], amma daga baya ta raba su. A cewar ''Masons Water Yearbook'' 2004/5, Suez ta yi wa mutane miliyan 117.4 hidima a duk duniya. Kamfanin ya gudanar da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin kamfanoni masu daidaito da kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Gaz de France a ranar 22 ga Yuli 2008 don kafa GDF Suez (wanda ake kira Engie tun 2015). An rarraba kadarorin ruwa da sharar gida na Suez zuwa wani kamfani daban da aka yi ciniki da shi a bainar jama'a, Suez Environnement . <ref name="Bloom" /> == Tarihi == Suez (kuma ya kasance, ta hanyar GDF Suez) ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin kamfanonin ƙasashen duniya da ke ci gaba da wanzuwa a duniya, tare da layi ɗaya na tarihin kamfanoni tun daga shekarar 1822 da aka kafa {{Lang|nl|Algemeene Nederlandsche Maatschappij ter begunstiging van de volksvlijt}} (a zahiri: Kamfanin Janar na Dutch don fifita masana'antu) na Sarki William na ɗaya na Netherlands (duba Société Générale de Belgique ). Tsarinsa kafin haɗakar GDF ya samo asali ne sakamakon kusan ƙarni biyu na sake tsarawa da haɗakar kamfanoni. Sunansa na baya-bayan nan ya fito ne daga shigar ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da suka kafa shi - ''Compagnie universelle du canal maritime de Suez'' - wajen gina [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]] a tsakiyar ƙarni na 19. === Haɗa kai da Gaz de France === A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2006, Firayim Ministan Faransa [[Dominique de Villepin]] ya sanar da hadewar Suez da Gaz de France, wanda zai zama babbar kamfanin iskar gas mai ruwa-ruwa a duniya. Kudaden shigar GDF sun kai kusan Yuro biliyan 22.4 a shekarar 2005, idan aka kwatanta da Yuro biliyan 41.5 ga Suez. Ƙungiyar kwadago ta CGT ta kira hadewar a matsayin "kasuwanci mai ɓoye." <ref>{{Cite web |title=GDF-Suez petits arrangements avec la vérité |url=https://www.humanite.fr/journal/2006-02-28/2006-02-28-825123 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060624065945/http://www.humanite.fr/journal/2006-02-28/2006-02-28-825123 |archive-date=2006-06-24 |access-date=2006-09-25 |publisher=humanite.fr}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2007, Gaz de France da Suez suka sanar da yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa. An gudanar da yarjejeniyar ne bisa ga musayar hannun jari 21 na Gaz de France da hannun jari 22 na Suez ta hanyar karɓar Suez daga Gaz de France. Ƙasar Faransa tana da fiye da kashi 35% na hannun jarin kamfanin da aka haɗa, GDF Suez. Sakamakon sharuɗɗan da Hukumar Turai ta gabatar game da ba da damar haɗin gwiwar, a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 2008, Suez ta sayar da mai samar da iskar gas na Belgium Distrigas ga kamfanin Eni na Italiya kan Yuro biliyan 2.7. A ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2008, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar GDF Suez, wani kamfani na Yuro biliyan 74 na cinikin shekara-shekara, a hukumance. == Manyan rassan kamfanin == === Yanzu ɓangare ne na Engie === * Suez Energy International - makamashi * Electrabel - wutar lantarki a Turai (na farko a Belgium) * Injiniyan Tractebel - ƙwararren injiniya na duniya * {{Interlanguage link|Cofely|fr}} - ayyukan gini/gudanar da kayan aiki === Yanzu haka wani ɓangare ne na SUEZ === * Sita — sarrafa sharar gida * Suez muhalli - ruwa da sharar gida * Degrémont - Injiniyan kula da ruwa da sharar gida * Hadin gwiwa da Ruwa — ruwa a Amurka, har ma da [[Adelaide]], Ostiraliya * Grupo Agbar - ruwa da sharar gida * Kamfanin Purite Ltd - kamfanin tsarkake ruwa * GE Ruwa da Fasahar Tsari-Ionics-Ecolochem-ZENON-Osmonics * Kamfanin Driplex Water Engineering Ltd. * Driplex Water Engineering International Pvt. Ltd == Manazarta == ep7mmj83gqvc3umsidi6p35akdzc9nr 0 153245 842839 2026-05-29T22:07:07Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345457863|Closure of the Suez Canal (1967–1975)]]" 842839 wikitext text/x-wiki A ranar 6 ga Yunin 1967, bayan fara Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, [[Misra|Masar]] ta rufe [[Suez canal|mashigin ruwa na Suez]], wanda mallakarsa ne kuma yake aiki da shi, kuma ta ci gaba da rufe shi har zuwa 5 ga Yunin 1975, a tsawon mafi yawan mamayar da Isra'ila ta yi wa yankin Sinai, ciki har da gabashin mashigin ruwa. Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida ya fara ne kwana ɗaya kafin rufewa a ranar 5 ga Yunin 1967 tsakanin [[Isra'ila]] da wasu ƙasashen Larabawa ciki har da Masar. Isra'ila ta jefa bam a mafi yawan filayen jiragen saman Masar sannan ta shiga ta mamaye yankin Sinai, ciki har da gabacin mashigin ruwa na Suez. Mashigin ruwa na Suez shi ne filin daga tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da Masar. Isra'ila ta gina layin Bar Lev na shinge a gefen gabas na mashigin ruwa. A shekarar 1966, kashi 60% na Italiya, kashi 39% na Faransa, da kashi 25% na jimillar man da Birtaniya ke amfani da shi sun ratsa ta mashigin ruwa na Suez. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2014 |title=How the (closure of the) Suez Canal changed the world |url=http://sinewswartrade.com/2014/08/31/how-the-closure-of-the-suez-canal-changed-the-world/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129155543/http://sinewswartrade.com/2014/08/31/how-the-closure-of-the-suez-canal-changed-the-world/ |archive-date=29 November 2023 |access-date=21 April 2025 |website=Sinews of War and Trade}}</ref> == Rufewa daga 1956–1957 == An rufe magudanar ruwa a baya, daga Oktoba 1956 zuwa Maris 1957 a lokacin rikicin Suez, lokacin da [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]], shugaban Masar a lokacin, ke haɗa kai da [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] kuma ya mallaki magudanar ruwa ta Suez, yana kwace ta daga hannun masu zuba jari na Faransa da Birtaniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Suez Crisis, 1956 |url=https://history.state.gov/milestones/1953-1960/suez |access-date=19 March 2026 |website=Office of the Historian, U.S. Department of State}}</ref> == Yaƙin Rage Albashi, 1967–1970 == Bayan nasarar da Isra'ila ta samu a Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, Masar ta yaƙi da Isra'ilawa a faɗin magudanar ruwa daga 1967 zuwa 1970, tare da haɗin gwiwar [[Jodan|Jordan]] da Ƙungiyar 'Yantar da Falasɗinu . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Da farko, tashin hankali ya ɗauki siffar faɗace-faɗace na manyan bindigogi da ƙananan hare-hare a Sinai, amma a shekarar 1969, Sojojin Masar sun yanke shawarar cewa sun shirya tsaf don manyan ayyuka. A ranar 8 ga Maris, 1969, Nasser ya sanar da ƙaddamar da Yaƙin Fashewa a hukumance, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan harsasai a kan mashigin Suez, yaƙin sama mai yawa da hare-haren kwamando . <ref name=":0" /> Tashin hankali ya ci gaba har zuwa watan Agusta 1970 kuma ya ƙare da tsagaita wuta. <ref name=":1" /> Iyakokin sun kasance iri ɗaya da lokacin da yaƙin ya fara, ba tare da wani alƙawarin gaske na yin shawarwari kan zaman lafiya ba. Bayan nasarar da Isra'ila ta samu a Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, Masar ta yaƙi da Isra'ilawa a faɗin magudanar ruwa daga 1967 zuwa 1970, tare da haɗin gwiwar [[Jodan|Jordan]] da Ƙungiyar 'Yantar da Falasɗinu . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Da farko, tashin hankali ya ɗauki siffar faɗace-faɗace na manyan bindigogi da ƙananan hare-hare a Sinai, amma a shekarar 1969, Sojojin Masar sun yanke shawarar cewa sun shirya tsaf don manyan ayyuka. A ranar 8 ga Maris, 1969, Nasser ya sanar da ƙaddamar da Yaƙin Fashewa a hukumance, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan harsasai a kan mashigin Suez, yaƙin sama mai yawa da hare-haren kwamando . <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=November 24, 1967 |title=Egypt Will Fight, Nasser Shouts |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1129&dat=19671124&id=iy4NAAAAIBAJ&sjid=mmwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7156,4781952 |journal=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] |page=2}}</ref> Tashin hankali ya ci gaba har zuwa watan Agusta 1970 kuma ya ƙare da tsagaita wuta. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Israel-Egypt Ceasefire Agreement - Text - English (1970) |url=https://ecf.org.il/media_items/271 |access-date=2021-10-21 |website=ecf.org.il |language=en}}</ref> Iyakokin sun kasance iri ɗaya da lokacin da yaƙin ya fara, ba tare da wani alƙawarin gaske na yin shawarwari kan zaman lafiya ba. == Yaƙin Yom Kippur == [[Fayil:Egyptianbridge.jpg|thumb|Masar ta ratsa mashigin Suez a lokacin yakin Yom Kippur]] A ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 1973, Masar da Siriya suka fara Yaƙin Yom Kippur da yunƙurin kwace dukkan Tsibirin Sinai da kuma Tuddan Golan daga hannun Isra'ilawa, ta hanyar ketare Mashigin Suez a Operation Badr . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2018 |title=Operation BADR: Defeating A2AD with DIME |url=https://thestrategybridge.org/the-bridge/2018/11/7/operation-badr-defeating-a2ad-with-dime |access-date=2022-08-27 |publisher=Thestrategybridge.org}}</ref> Yunkurin ya yi nasara a wani ɓangare na cewa Masar ta sake kwace ikon gabashin mashigin, amma Isra'ila ta riƙe sauran yankin Sinai. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jennings |first=Nathan A. |date=1 September 2023 |title=Crossing under Fire: The Israeli 143d Armored Division at the Suez Canal, 1973 |url=https://www.usmcu.edu/Outreach/Marine-Corps-University-Press/Expeditions-with-MCUP-digital-journal/Crossing-under-Fire/ |access-date=19 March 2026 |website=Marine Corps University Press}}</ref> == Sake buɗewa == [[Fayil:Sadat_and_A_Ismail.jpg|thumb|210x210px|Shugaba [[Anwar Sadat]] da Ministan Tsaro [[Ahmad Ismail Ali|Ahmed Ismail]] a bikin sake buɗe magudanar ruwa, a ranar 5 ga Yuni, 1975]] Bayan Yaƙin Yom Kippur da sakamako marasa tabbas, magudanar ruwa ta sake buɗewa a wani biki da Shugaban Masar [[Anwar Sadat]], manyan jami'an gwamnati da manyan baki na ƙasashen waje suka halarta a watan Yunin 1975 <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Interim Agreement between Israel and Egypt (Sinai II) &#124; UN Peacemaker |url=https://peacemaker.un.org/node/9438 |access-date=2022-08-27 |publisher=Peacemaker.un.org}}</ref> bayan da Operation Clearance na Suez Canal na 1974 ya share ma'adinai da tarkace daga magudanar ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Yelena Dzhanova |date=28 March 2021 |title=The Suez Canal Has Been Blocked and Closed Several Times Since Opening |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/the-suez-canal-blocked-and-closed-several-times-since-opening-2021-3 |access-date=2022-08-27 |publisher=Businessinsider.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2014 |title=How the (closure of the) Suez Canal changed the world |url=https://thegamming.org/2014/08/31/how-the-closure-of-the-suez-canal-changed-the-world/ |access-date=2022-08-27 |publisher=The Gamming}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2021 |title=Suez Canal |url=https://www.history.com/topics/africa/suez-canal |access-date=2022-08-27 |publisher=History.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == mojvmljchv2g4lw4nprxulpi20p65vp 842840 842839 2026-05-29T22:07:38Z Engineer014 44591 842840 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A ranar 6 ga Yunin 1967, bayan fara Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, [[Misra|Masar]] ta rufe [[Suez canal|mashigin ruwa na Suez]], wanda mallakarsa ne kuma yake aiki da shi, kuma ta ci gaba da rufe shi har zuwa 5 ga Yunin 1975, a tsawon mafi yawan mamayar da Isra'ila ta yi wa yankin Sinai, ciki har da gabashin mashigin ruwa. Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida ya fara ne kwana ɗaya kafin rufewa a ranar 5 ga Yunin 1967 tsakanin [[Isra'ila]] da wasu ƙasashen Larabawa ciki har da Masar. Isra'ila ta jefa bam a mafi yawan filayen jiragen saman Masar sannan ta shiga ta mamaye yankin Sinai, ciki har da gabacin mashigin ruwa na Suez. Mashigin ruwa na Suez shi ne filin daga tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da Masar. Isra'ila ta gina layin Bar Lev na shinge a gefen gabas na mashigin ruwa. A shekarar 1966, kashi 60% na Italiya, kashi 39% na Faransa, da kashi 25% na jimillar man da Birtaniya ke amfani da shi sun ratsa ta mashigin ruwa na Suez. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2014 |title=How the (closure of the) Suez Canal changed the world |url=http://sinewswartrade.com/2014/08/31/how-the-closure-of-the-suez-canal-changed-the-world/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129155543/http://sinewswartrade.com/2014/08/31/how-the-closure-of-the-suez-canal-changed-the-world/ |archive-date=29 November 2023 |access-date=21 April 2025 |website=Sinews of War and Trade}}</ref> == Rufewa daga 1956–1957 == An rufe magudanar ruwa a baya, daga Oktoba 1956 zuwa Maris 1957 a lokacin rikicin Suez, lokacin da [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]], shugaban Masar a lokacin, ke haɗa kai da [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] kuma ya mallaki magudanar ruwa ta Suez, yana kwace ta daga hannun masu zuba jari na Faransa da Birtaniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Suez Crisis, 1956 |url=https://history.state.gov/milestones/1953-1960/suez |access-date=19 March 2026 |website=Office of the Historian, U.S. Department of State}}</ref> == Yaƙin Rage Albashi, 1967–1970 == Bayan nasarar da Isra'ila ta samu a Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, Masar ta yaƙi da Isra'ilawa a faɗin magudanar ruwa daga 1967 zuwa 1970, tare da haɗin gwiwar [[Jodan|Jordan]] da Ƙungiyar 'Yantar da Falasɗinu . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Da farko, tashin hankali ya ɗauki siffar faɗace-faɗace na manyan bindigogi da ƙananan hare-hare a Sinai, amma a shekarar 1969, Sojojin Masar sun yanke shawarar cewa sun shirya tsaf don manyan ayyuka. A ranar 8 ga Maris, 1969, Nasser ya sanar da ƙaddamar da Yaƙin Fashewa a hukumance, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan harsasai a kan mashigin Suez, yaƙin sama mai yawa da hare-haren kwamando . <ref name=":0" /> Tashin hankali ya ci gaba har zuwa watan Agusta 1970 kuma ya ƙare da tsagaita wuta. <ref name=":1" /> Iyakokin sun kasance iri ɗaya da lokacin da yaƙin ya fara, ba tare da wani alƙawarin gaske na yin shawarwari kan zaman lafiya ba. Bayan nasarar da Isra'ila ta samu a Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, Masar ta yaƙi da Isra'ilawa a faɗin magudanar ruwa daga 1967 zuwa 1970, tare da haɗin gwiwar [[Jodan|Jordan]] da Ƙungiyar 'Yantar da Falasɗinu . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Da farko, tashin hankali ya ɗauki siffar faɗace-faɗace na manyan bindigogi da ƙananan hare-hare a Sinai, amma a shekarar 1969, Sojojin Masar sun yanke shawarar cewa sun shirya tsaf don manyan ayyuka. A ranar 8 ga Maris, 1969, Nasser ya sanar da ƙaddamar da Yaƙin Fashewa a hukumance, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan harsasai a kan mashigin Suez, yaƙin sama mai yawa da hare-haren kwamando . <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=November 24, 1967 |title=Egypt Will Fight, Nasser Shouts |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1129&dat=19671124&id=iy4NAAAAIBAJ&sjid=mmwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7156,4781952 |journal=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] |page=2}}</ref> Tashin hankali ya ci gaba har zuwa watan Agusta 1970 kuma ya ƙare da tsagaita wuta. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Israel-Egypt Ceasefire Agreement - Text - English (1970) |url=https://ecf.org.il/media_items/271 |access-date=2021-10-21 |website=ecf.org.il |language=en}}</ref> Iyakokin sun kasance iri ɗaya da lokacin da yaƙin ya fara, ba tare da wani alƙawarin gaske na yin shawarwari kan zaman lafiya ba. == Yaƙin Yom Kippur == [[Fayil:Egyptianbridge.jpg|thumb|Masar ta ratsa mashigin Suez a lokacin yakin Yom Kippur]] A ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 1973, Masar da Siriya suka fara Yaƙin Yom Kippur da yunƙurin kwace dukkan Tsibirin Sinai da kuma Tuddan Golan daga hannun Isra'ilawa, ta hanyar ketare Mashigin Suez a Operation Badr . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2018 |title=Operation BADR: Defeating A2AD with DIME |url=https://thestrategybridge.org/the-bridge/2018/11/7/operation-badr-defeating-a2ad-with-dime |access-date=2022-08-27 |publisher=Thestrategybridge.org}}</ref> Yunkurin ya yi nasara a wani ɓangare na cewa Masar ta sake kwace ikon gabashin mashigin, amma Isra'ila ta riƙe sauran yankin Sinai. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jennings |first=Nathan A. |date=1 September 2023 |title=Crossing under Fire: The Israeli 143d Armored Division at the Suez Canal, 1973 |url=https://www.usmcu.edu/Outreach/Marine-Corps-University-Press/Expeditions-with-MCUP-digital-journal/Crossing-under-Fire/ |access-date=19 March 2026 |website=Marine Corps University Press}}</ref> == Sake buɗewa == [[Fayil:Sadat_and_A_Ismail.jpg|thumb|210x210px|Shugaba [[Anwar Sadat]] da Ministan Tsaro [[Ahmad Ismail Ali|Ahmed Ismail]] a bikin sake buɗe magudanar ruwa, a ranar 5 ga Yuni, 1975]] Bayan Yaƙin Yom Kippur da sakamako marasa tabbas, magudanar ruwa ta sake buɗewa a wani biki da Shugaban Masar [[Anwar Sadat]], manyan jami'an gwamnati da manyan baki na ƙasashen waje suka halarta a watan Yunin 1975 <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Interim Agreement between Israel and Egypt (Sinai II) &#124; UN Peacemaker |url=https://peacemaker.un.org/node/9438 |access-date=2022-08-27 |publisher=Peacemaker.un.org}}</ref> bayan da Operation Clearance na Suez Canal na 1974 ya share ma'adinai da tarkace daga magudanar ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Yelena Dzhanova |date=28 March 2021 |title=The Suez Canal Has Been Blocked and Closed Several Times Since Opening |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/the-suez-canal-blocked-and-closed-several-times-since-opening-2021-3 |access-date=2022-08-27 |publisher=Businessinsider.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2014 |title=How the (closure of the) Suez Canal changed the world |url=https://thegamming.org/2014/08/31/how-the-closure-of-the-suez-canal-changed-the-world/ |access-date=2022-08-27 |publisher=The Gamming}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2021 |title=Suez Canal |url=https://www.history.com/topics/africa/suez-canal |access-date=2022-08-27 |publisher=History.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == d0198xmaeq84ab2s94k3npiiq2su5q6 0 153246 842842 2026-05-29T22:16:48Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346239300|Closure of the Suez Canal (1956–1957)]]" 842842 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rufe mashigar ruwa ta Suez''' daga Nuwamba 1956 zuwa Afrilu 1957 ya faru ne sakamakon yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na biyu, wanda aka fi sani da rikicin Suez, a shekarar 1956. A ranar 26 ga Yuli 1956, shugaban [[Misirawa|Masar]] [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] ya kwace [[Suez canal|mashigar ruwa ta Suez]] daga hannun masu zuba jari na Birtaniya da Faransa wadanda suka mallaki kamfanin mashigar ruwa ta Suez, wanda hakan ya sa Birtaniya da Faransa suka tsara wani aikin soja tare da taimakon Isra'ila don mamaye yankin Sinai na Masar da kuma sanya sojojin ruwa na Birtaniya da Faransa su shigo don kare mashigar ruwa ta Suez, amma manufar ita ce a mayar da mashigar ruwa. Amurka da Tarayyar Soviet sun yi Allah wadai da mamayar kuma suka rage yanayin a farkon 1957. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2021 |title=Historical Diplomacy Simulation: Suez Canal Crisis – National Museum of American Diplomacy |url=https://diplomacy.state.gov/discover-diplomacy/simulations/suez-canal-crisis/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2014 |title=How the (Closure of the) Suez Canal changed the world |url=https://thegamming.org/2014/08/31/how-the-closure-of-the-suez-canal-changed-the-world/}}</ref> == Samar da mai ta hanyar magudanar ruwa == Kusan kashi 66% na man da Turai ke amfani da shi a lokacin ya fito ne ta hanyar mashigin ruwa na Suez daga ƙasashen Larabawa galibi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Suez Crisis |url=https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/suez-crisis#:~:text=The%20Suez%20Crisis%20began%20on,the%20oil%20used%20by%20Europe}}</ref> == Aikin madatsar ruwa ta Aswan == Da farko Amurka za ta taimaka wajen samar da kudaden da za a yi amfani da su wajen gina madatsar ruwa ta Aswan, amma ta ki amincewa da alkawarin da ta yi a baya saboda ta yi imanin cewa Masar na kara kusantar [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]], ta hanyar ayyukan kamar sayen makamai daga Czechoslovakia, da kuma amincewa da Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta China a matsayin gwamnatin China. [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] ya bai wa [[Suez canal|madatsar ruwa ta Suez]] Mashigin ƙasa don samun kuɗin jigilar kaya daga wannan don taimakawa wajen samar da kudaden aikin madatsar ruwa ta Aswan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 December 2007 |title=Suez Crisis, 1956 |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/lw/97179.htm}}</ref> == Katange mashigin tekun Tiran na Masar == [[Fayil:Strait_tiran_83.jpg|thumb|Mashigin Tiran daga [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]] wanda ke kaiwa ga Tekun Aqaba da kuma tashar jiragen ruwa ta kudu ta Isra'ila. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Eilat]] Bayan harin ramuwar gayya da Isra'ila ta kai wa Falasdinawa da sojojin Masar a Zirin Gaza, karuwar rikici tsakanin Masar da Isra'ila ya haifar da ƙarfafa toshewar Masar a mashigin Tiran a watan Satumba na 1955. Wannan matakin ya biyo bayan zanga-zangar diflomasiyya da gwamnatin Isra'ila ta yi, yayin da toshewar ta hana wucewa ta wannan hanyar ruwa ta duniya da kuma toshe hanyoyin jiragen ruwan fararen hula zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Eilat, tashar jiragen ruwa ta kudu ta Isra'ila, kuma ya saba wa sanarwar 'yancin shiga ta Masar a ranar 28 ga Janairu, 1950. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barak |first=Eitan |date=2007 |title=Between Reality and Secrecy: Israel's Freedom of Navigation through the Straits of Tiran, 1956-1967 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4330453 |journal=Middle East Journal |volume=61 |issue=4 |pages=657–679 |issn=0026-3141}}</ref> Gwamnatin Isra'ila ta ci gaba da gargadin cewa ta dauki toshewar mashigar Tiran a matsayin ''casus belli'', inda ta kai hare-hare kan sojojin Masar a Sinai. A yakin kwanaki shida da ya biyo baya (5-10 Yuni 1967), Isra'ila ta sami ikon mallakar yankin Sinai . Masar ta kaddamar da yakin Yom Kippur na 1973 (6 zuwa 25 Oktoba 1973) don kokarin sake kwace iko da mashigar Suez, sannan tattaunawar bayan yakin ta haifar da sabunta tattaunawar diflomasiyya ta hanyar tattaunawar Kilo 101, wanda daga karshe ya kai ga tattaunawar zaman lafiya ta 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=C. I. E. |date=2024-10-29 |title=Egyptian-Israeli Military Talks Begin at Kilometer 101 |url=https://israeled.org/egyptian-israeli-military-talks-begin-kilometer-101/ |access-date=2025-01-20 |website=CIE |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == cwt930cvcn2soq8dn0ylet52olokl1o 842843 842842 2026-05-29T22:17:20Z Engineer014 44591 842843 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rufe mashigar ruwa ta Suez''' daga Nuwamba 1956 zuwa Afrilu 1957 ya faru ne sakamakon yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na biyu, wanda aka fi sani da rikicin Suez, a shekarar 1956. A ranar 26 ga Yuli 1956, shugaban [[Misirawa|Masar]] [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] ya kwace [[Suez canal|mashigar ruwa ta Suez]] daga hannun masu zuba jari na Birtaniya da Faransa wadanda suka mallaki kamfanin mashigar ruwa ta Suez, wanda hakan ya sa Birtaniya da Faransa suka tsara wani aikin soja tare da taimakon Isra'ila don mamaye yankin Sinai na Masar da kuma sanya sojojin ruwa na Birtaniya da Faransa su shigo don kare mashigar ruwa ta Suez, amma manufar ita ce a mayar da mashigar ruwa. Amurka da Tarayyar Soviet sun yi Allah wadai da mamayar kuma suka rage yanayin a farkon 1957. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2021 |title=Historical Diplomacy Simulation: Suez Canal Crisis – National Museum of American Diplomacy |url=https://diplomacy.state.gov/discover-diplomacy/simulations/suez-canal-crisis/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2014 |title=How the (Closure of the) Suez Canal changed the world |url=https://thegamming.org/2014/08/31/how-the-closure-of-the-suez-canal-changed-the-world/}}</ref> == Samar da mai ta hanyar magudanar ruwa == Kusan kashi 66% na man da Turai ke amfani da shi a lokacin ya fito ne ta hanyar mashigin ruwa na Suez daga ƙasashen Larabawa galibi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Suez Crisis |url=https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/suez-crisis#:~:text=The%20Suez%20Crisis%20began%20on,the%20oil%20used%20by%20Europe}}</ref> == Aikin madatsar ruwa ta Aswan == Da farko Amurka za ta taimaka wajen samar da kudaden da za a yi amfani da su wajen gina madatsar ruwa ta Aswan, amma ta ki amincewa da alkawarin da ta yi a baya saboda ta yi imanin cewa Masar na kara kusantar [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]], ta hanyar ayyukan kamar sayen makamai daga Czechoslovakia, da kuma amincewa da Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta China a matsayin gwamnatin China. [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] ya bai wa [[Suez canal|madatsar ruwa ta Suez]] Mashigin ƙasa don samun kuɗin jigilar kaya daga wannan don taimakawa wajen samar da kudaden aikin madatsar ruwa ta Aswan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 December 2007 |title=Suez Crisis, 1956 |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/lw/97179.htm}}</ref> == Katange mashigin tekun Tiran na Masar == [[Fayil:Strait_tiran_83.jpg|thumb|Mashigin Tiran daga [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]] wanda ke kaiwa ga Tekun Aqaba da kuma tashar jiragen ruwa ta kudu ta Isra'ila. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Eilat]] Bayan harin ramuwar gayya da Isra'ila ta kai wa Falasdinawa da sojojin Masar a Zirin Gaza, karuwar rikici tsakanin Masar da Isra'ila ya haifar da ƙarfafa toshewar Masar a mashigin Tiran a watan Satumba na 1955. Wannan matakin ya biyo bayan zanga-zangar diflomasiyya da gwamnatin Isra'ila ta yi, yayin da toshewar ta hana wucewa ta wannan hanyar ruwa ta duniya da kuma toshe hanyoyin jiragen ruwan fararen hula zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Eilat, tashar jiragen ruwa ta kudu ta Isra'ila, kuma ya saba wa sanarwar 'yancin shiga ta Masar a ranar 28 ga Janairu, 1950. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barak |first=Eitan |date=2007 |title=Between Reality and Secrecy: Israel's Freedom of Navigation through the Straits of Tiran, 1956-1967 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4330453 |journal=Middle East Journal |volume=61 |issue=4 |pages=657–679 |issn=0026-3141}}</ref> Gwamnatin Isra'ila ta ci gaba da gargadin cewa ta dauki toshewar mashigar Tiran a matsayin ''casus belli'', inda ta kai hare-hare kan sojojin Masar a Sinai. A yakin kwanaki shida da ya biyo baya (5-10 Yuni 1967), Isra'ila ta sami ikon mallakar yankin Sinai . Masar ta kaddamar da yakin Yom Kippur na 1973 (6 zuwa 25 Oktoba 1973) don kokarin sake kwace iko da mashigar Suez, sannan tattaunawar bayan yakin ta haifar da sabunta tattaunawar diflomasiyya ta hanyar tattaunawar Kilo 101, wanda daga karshe ya kai ga tattaunawar zaman lafiya ta 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=C. I. E. |date=2024-10-29 |title=Egyptian-Israeli Military Talks Begin at Kilometer 101 |url=https://israeled.org/egyptian-israeli-military-talks-begin-kilometer-101/ |access-date=2025-01-20 |website=CIE |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == rjgx30caqsf36hrngnufb5x6kck8r5k 0 153247 842844 2026-05-29T22:19:45Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1302518904|Operation Abirey-Halev]]" 842844 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Operation Abirey-Halev''' ko '''Operation Abirey-Lev''' (wanda aka fi sani da ''Knights of the Heart'' ) wanda kuma aka sani da '''Operation Stouthearted Men''' da '''Operation Valiant''', wanda aka sanya masa suna '''Operation Gazelle''' ( Hebrew , Arabic ), wani aiki ne na Isra'ila da aka yi a tsakiyar [[Suez canal|mashigar Suez]] a ranakun 15-23 ga Oktoba 1973 a lokacin Yaƙin Yom Kippur . == Nasarar Isra'ila - Ketare magudanar ruwa == Bayan nasarar da Masar ta samu a harin 14 ga Oktoba, Isra'ilawa sun biyo baya da harin ramuwar gayya na sassa daban-daban ta hanyar rata tsakanin Sojojin Masar na 2 da na 3. An bai wa Rundunar Sojojin Ariel Sharon ta 143, wacce yanzu aka ƙarfafa ta da Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta 247 da ke ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kanar Danny Matt, aikin kafa kan iyakoki a gefen gabas da yamma na magudanar ruwa. Rundunar Sojojin Sulke ta 162 da 252, karkashin jagorancin Janar Avraham Adan da [[Kalman Magen]] bi da bi, za su ratsa ta hanyar da ta shiga gabar yamma na magudanar ruwa su yi lilo zuwa kudu, suna kewaye da Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta 3. An sanya wa harin suna Operation Stouthearted Men ko kuma Operation Valiant. A daren 15 ga Oktoba, sojojin jiragen ruwa 750 na Kanar Matt sun ketare magudanar ruwa a cikin jiragen ruwa na roba. Ba da daɗewa ba aka haɗu da su da tankunan da aka yi jigilar su a kan jiragen ruwa masu injina da ƙarin sojojin ƙasa. Da farko rundunar ba ta fuskanci wata turjiya ba, kuma ta yi ta kai hare-hare a cikin ƙungiyoyin mahara, suna kai hari kan ayarin motocin samar da kayayyaki, wuraren SAM, cibiyoyin jigilar kayayyaki da duk wani abu mai mahimmanci na soja, tare da ba da fifiko ga SAMs. Hare-haren da aka kai a wuraren SAM sun haifar da rami a kan allon hana jiragen sama na Masar kuma sun ba wa rundunar sojin saman Isra'ila damar kai hari kan wuraren da Masar ke kai hari da ƙarfi. A daren ranar 15 ga Oktoba, tankunan yaƙi na Isra'ila 20 da kuma jiragen yaƙi na APC guda 7 ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kanar Haim Erez sun ratsa magudanar ruwa suka shiga cikin babban yankin Masar ta hanyar kilomita 12, lamarin da ya ba Masarawa mamaki. A cikin awanni 24 na farko, rundunar Erez ta kai hari kan wuraren SAM da ginshiƙan sojoji ba tare da wani hukunci ba. A safiyar ranar 17 ga Oktoba, rundunar sojojin Masar ta 23 ta kai musu hari, amma ta sami nasarar dakile harin. A wannan lokacin, Siriyawa ba su sake yin barazana mai inganci ba kuma Isra'ilawa sun sami damar mayar da ƙarfin iskarsu zuwa kudu don tallafawa harin. Haɗakar laima ta SAM ta Masar da ta raunana da kuma yawan jiragen yaƙi na Isra'ila da ke kai hare-hare ya sa IAF ta sami damar ƙara yawan jiragen yaƙi a kan wuraren da sojojin Masar ke kai hari, ciki har da ayarin motoci, sulke da filayen jiragen sama. Gadar Masar da ke kan magudanar ruwa ta lalace sakamakon hare-haren sama da na manyan bindigogi na Isra'ila. Jiragen saman Isra'ila sun fara kai hari kan wuraren SAM na Masar da radar, wanda hakan ya sa Janar Ismail ya janye yawancin kayan aikin tsaron sama na Masar. Wannan kuma ya bai wa IAF 'yancin yin aiki a sararin samaniyar Masar. Jiragen saman Isra'ila sun kuma kai hari da lalata kebul na sadarwa na karkashin kasa a Banha a cikin Nile Delta, wanda hakan ya tilasta wa Masarawa aika saƙonnin zaɓe ta hanyar rediyo, waɗanda za a iya katse su. Baya ga kebul na Banha, Isra'ila ta guji kai hari kan kayayyakin more rayuwa na tattalin arziki da dabaru bayan barazanar Masar na ramawa kan biranen Isra'ila da makamai masu linzami na Scud. Jiragen saman Isra'ila sun kai hari kan batirin Scud na Masar a Port Said sau da yawa. Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Masar ta yi ƙoƙarin hana jiragen saman IAF kai hari da kuma kai hari kan sojojin ƙasa na Isra'ila, amma ta sha wahala a faɗan kare da kuma daga tsaron sararin samaniyar Isra'ila, yayin da ta yi wa Isra'ilawa asarar jiragen sama marasa nauyi. Yaƙe-yaƙe mafiya zafi na sama sun faru ne a arewacin Delta na Nilu, inda Isra'ilawa suka yi ƙoƙarin lalata sansanonin jiragen saman Masar akai-akai. == Kare kan gadoji == Duk da nasarar da Isra'ilawa ke samu a gabar yamma, Janar Bar-Lev da Elazar sun umurci Sharon da ya mayar da hankali kan tabbatar da kan gadar a bakin gabas. An umarce shi da ya share hanyoyin da ke kaiwa ga magudanar ruwa da kuma wani wuri da aka sani da Gonar China, a arewacin Deversoir, wurin da Isra'ila ke ketarewa. Sharon ya yi adawa da kuma neman izinin fadada kan gadar a bakin yamma, yana mai jayayya cewa irin wannan dabarar za ta haifar da rugujewar sojojin Masar a bakin gabas. Amma babban kwamandan Isra'ila ya dage, yana mai imanin cewa har sai an sami tsaro a gabar gabas, za a iya katse sojojin da ke gabar yamma. Manyan sojojin Sharon sun mamaye Sharon kuma suka yi shiru. A ranar 16 ga Oktoba, ya aika da Brigade na Amnon Reshef don kai hari ga Gonar China. Sauran sojojin IDF sun kai hari kan sojojin Masar da ke kan hanyoyin da ke zuwa magudanar ruwa. Bayan kwanaki uku na fada mai zafi da kusanci, Isra'ilawa sun yi nasarar korar sojojin Masar da suka fi karfin adadi. Isra'ilawa sun rasa kimanin mutane 300 da suka mutu, 1,000 sun jikkata, da kuma tankuna 56. Masarawa sun sha wahala mafi yawa, ciki har da tankunan yaƙi 118 da aka lalata sannan aka kama 15. == Martanin Masar ga matsugunin Isra'ila == A halin yanzu, Masarawan sun kasa fahimtar girman da girman ketarewar Isra'ila, kuma ba su fahimci manufarta da manufarta ba. Wannan ya faru ne saboda wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin kwamandojin filin Masar na ɓoye rahotanni game da ketarewar Isra'ila, wani ɓangare kuma saboda zato na ƙarya cewa ketarewar magudanar ruwa kawai karkatar da hankali ne ga wani babban hari na IDF da ke kan gefen dama na Rundunar Soja ta Biyu. Saboda haka, a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, Janar Shazly ya umarci Rundunar Soja ta 21 da ta kai hari kudu, yayin da Rundunar Soja ta 25 mai zaman kanta da ke ɗauke da makamai ta T-62 ta kai hari arewa a wani mataki na musamman don kawar da barazanar da ake gani ga Rundunar Soja ta Biyu. Masarawa sun kasa leƙa yankin kuma ba su san cewa a yanzu, Rundunar Sulke ta 162 ta Adan tana nan kusa ba. Bugu da ƙari, runduna ta 21 da ta 25 sun kasa daidaita hare-harensu, wanda hakan ya ba Rundunar Janar Adan damar haɗuwa da kowace runduna daban-daban. Da farko Adan ya mayar da hankali kan Rundunar Sulke ta 21, inda ya lalata tankunan Masar 50-60 sannan ya tilasta wa sauran su ja da baya. Daga nan sai ya juya zuwa kudu ya yi wa Rundunar Sulke ta 25 kwanton bauna, inda ya lalata tankunanta 86 daga cikin tankunanta 96 da dukkan rundunoninta yayin da ya rasa tankunanta uku. Manyan bindigogin Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a kan gadar Isra'ila a safiyar ranar 17 ga Oktoba, inda suka yi ta harbi da dama. Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Masar ta kai hare-hare akai-akai, wasu da jiragen sama har ashirin, don kwace gadar da kuma kwale-kwalen, lamarin da ya lalata gadar. Dole ne Masarawa su rufe wuraren SAM a lokacin wadannan hare-haren, wanda ya bai wa mayakan Isra'ila damar katse Masarawa. Masarawa sun rasa jiragen sama 16 da jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu 7, yayin da Isra'ilawa suka rasa jiragen sama 6. Gadar ta lalace, kuma hedikwatar Paratroop ta Isra'ila, wacce ke kusa da gadar, ita ma ta samu rauni, inda ta raunata kwamandan da mataimakinsa. A cikin dare, an gyara gadar, amma sai kawai wata ƙaramar runduna ta Isra'ila ta ketare. A cewar Chaim Herzog, Masarawa sun ci gaba da kai hari kan gadar har zuwa lokacin da aka tsagaita wuta, suna amfani da manyan bindigogi da rokoki don harba dubban harsashi a yankin da aka ketare. Jiragen saman Masar sun yi yunkurin jefa bam a kan gadar kowace rana, kuma jiragen helikwafta sun kaddamar da ayyukan kashe kai, suna kokarin jefa ganga napalm a kan gadar da kan gadar. An lalata gadojin sau da yawa, kuma dole ne a gyara su da daddare. Hare-haren sun yi sanadiyyar asarar rayuka masu yawa, kuma an nutsar da tankuna da yawa lokacin da aka kai hari kan kwale-kwalen su. Kwamandojin Masar da sojojin frog tare da tallafin sulke sun kai hari a ƙasa kan kan gadar, wanda aka mayar da martani tare da asarar tankuna 10. An kuma yi wa Masar duka biyun da suka biyo baya. Bayan gazawar hare-haren ramuwar gayya na ranar 17 ga Oktoba, Sojojin Masar sun fara fahimtar girman harin Isra'ila a hankali. A farkon ranar 18 ga Oktoba, Soviets sun nuna hotunan tauraron dan adam na sojojin Isra'ila da ke aiki a gabar yamma. Cikin fargaba, Sadat ya tura Shazly zuwa gaba don tantance lamarin da idon basira. Bai sake amincewa da kwamandojinsa na fagen daga don bayar da rahotanni masu inganci ba. Shazly ya tabbatar da cewa Isra'ilawa suna da akalla sashe ɗaya a gabar yamma kuma suna faɗaɗa hanyarsu ta zuwa gaba. Ya ba da shawarar cire mafi yawan sulken Masar daga gabar gabas don fuskantar barazanar Isra'ila da ke ƙaruwa a gabar yamma. Sadat ya ƙi wannan shawarar kai tsaye har ma ya yi barazanar Shazly da kotun soji. Ahmad Ismail Ali ya ba da shawarar da Sadat ya yi don a tsagaita wuta don hana Isra'ilawa amfani da nasarorin da suka samu. == Manazarta == 2oadtzzvx6slmiws92kg8ebcan7csbh 842847 842844 2026-05-29T22:20:46Z Engineer014 44591 842847 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Operation Abirey-Halev''' ko '''Operation Abirey-Lev''' (wanda aka fi sani da ''Knights of the Heart'' ) wanda kuma aka sani da '''Operation Stouthearted Men''' da '''Operation Valiant''', wanda aka sanya masa suna '''Operation Gazelle''' ( Hebrew , Arabic ), wani aiki ne na Isra'ila da aka yi a tsakiyar [[Suez canal|mashigar Suez]] a ranakun 15-23 ga Oktoba 1973 a lokacin Yaƙin Yom Kippur . == Nasarar Isra'ila - Ketare magudanar ruwa == Bayan nasarar da Masar ta samu a harin 14 ga Oktoba, Isra'ilawa sun biyo baya da harin ramuwar gayya na sassa daban-daban ta hanyar rata tsakanin Sojojin Masar na 2 da na 3. An bai wa Rundunar Sojojin Ariel Sharon ta 143, wacce yanzu aka ƙarfafa ta da Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta 247 da ke ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kanar Danny Matt, aikin kafa kan iyakoki a gefen gabas da yamma na magudanar ruwa. Rundunar Sojojin Sulke ta 162 da 252, karkashin jagorancin Janar Avraham Adan da [[Kalman Magen]] bi da bi, za su ratsa ta hanyar da ta shiga gabar yamma na magudanar ruwa su yi lilo zuwa kudu, suna kewaye da Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta 3. An sanya wa harin suna Operation Stouthearted Men ko kuma Operation Valiant. A daren 15 ga Oktoba, sojojin jiragen ruwa 750 na Kanar Matt sun ketare magudanar ruwa a cikin jiragen ruwa na roba. Ba da daɗewa ba aka haɗu da su da tankunan da aka yi jigilar su a kan jiragen ruwa masu injina da ƙarin sojojin ƙasa. Da farko rundunar ba ta fuskanci wata turjiya ba, kuma ta yi ta kai hare-hare a cikin ƙungiyoyin mahara, suna kai hari kan ayarin motocin samar da kayayyaki, wuraren SAM, cibiyoyin jigilar kayayyaki da duk wani abu mai mahimmanci na soja, tare da ba da fifiko ga SAMs. Hare-haren da aka kai a wuraren SAM sun haifar da rami a kan allon hana jiragen sama na Masar kuma sun ba wa rundunar sojin saman Isra'ila damar kai hari kan wuraren da Masar ke kai hari da ƙarfi. A daren ranar 15 ga Oktoba, tankunan yaƙi na Isra'ila 20 da kuma jiragen yaƙi na APC guda 7 ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kanar Haim Erez sun ratsa magudanar ruwa suka shiga cikin babban yankin Masar ta hanyar kilomita 12, lamarin da ya ba Masarawa mamaki. A cikin awanni 24 na farko, rundunar Erez ta kai hari kan wuraren SAM da ginshiƙan sojoji ba tare da wani hukunci ba. A safiyar ranar 17 ga Oktoba, rundunar sojojin Masar ta 23 ta kai musu hari, amma ta sami nasarar dakile harin. A wannan lokacin, Siriyawa ba su sake yin barazana mai inganci ba kuma Isra'ilawa sun sami damar mayar da ƙarfin iskarsu zuwa kudu don tallafawa harin. Haɗakar laima ta SAM ta Masar da ta raunana da kuma yawan jiragen yaƙi na Isra'ila da ke kai hare-hare ya sa IAF ta sami damar ƙara yawan jiragen yaƙi a kan wuraren da sojojin Masar ke kai hari, ciki har da ayarin motoci, sulke da filayen jiragen sama. Gadar Masar da ke kan magudanar ruwa ta lalace sakamakon hare-haren sama da na manyan bindigogi na Isra'ila. Jiragen saman Isra'ila sun fara kai hari kan wuraren SAM na Masar da radar, wanda hakan ya sa Janar Ismail ya janye yawancin kayan aikin tsaron sama na Masar. Wannan kuma ya bai wa IAF 'yancin yin aiki a sararin samaniyar Masar. Jiragen saman Isra'ila sun kuma kai hari da lalata kebul na sadarwa na karkashin kasa a Banha a cikin Nile Delta, wanda hakan ya tilasta wa Masarawa aika saƙonnin zaɓe ta hanyar rediyo, waɗanda za a iya katse su. Baya ga kebul na Banha, Isra'ila ta guji kai hari kan kayayyakin more rayuwa na tattalin arziki da dabaru bayan barazanar Masar na ramawa kan biranen Isra'ila da makamai masu linzami na Scud. Jiragen saman Isra'ila sun kai hari kan batirin Scud na Masar a Port Said sau da yawa. Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Masar ta yi ƙoƙarin hana jiragen saman IAF kai hari da kuma kai hari kan sojojin ƙasa na Isra'ila, amma ta sha wahala a faɗan kare da kuma daga tsaron sararin samaniyar Isra'ila, yayin da ta yi wa Isra'ilawa asarar jiragen sama marasa nauyi. Yaƙe-yaƙe mafiya zafi na sama sun faru ne a arewacin Delta na Nilu, inda Isra'ilawa suka yi ƙoƙarin lalata sansanonin jiragen saman Masar akai-akai. == Kare kan gadoji == Duk da nasarar da Isra'ilawa ke samu a gabar yamma, Janar Bar-Lev da Elazar sun umurci Sharon da ya mayar da hankali kan tabbatar da kan gadar a bakin gabas. An umarce shi da ya share hanyoyin da ke kaiwa ga magudanar ruwa da kuma wani wuri da aka sani da Gonar China, a arewacin Deversoir, wurin da Isra'ila ke ketarewa. Sharon ya yi adawa da kuma neman izinin fadada kan gadar a bakin yamma, yana mai jayayya cewa irin wannan dabarar za ta haifar da rugujewar sojojin Masar a bakin gabas. Amma babban kwamandan Isra'ila ya dage, yana mai imanin cewa har sai an sami tsaro a gabar gabas, za a iya katse sojojin da ke gabar yamma. Manyan sojojin Sharon sun mamaye Sharon kuma suka yi shiru. A ranar 16 ga Oktoba, ya aika da Brigade na Amnon Reshef don kai hari ga Gonar China. Sauran sojojin IDF sun kai hari kan sojojin Masar da ke kan hanyoyin da ke zuwa magudanar ruwa. Bayan kwanaki uku na fada mai zafi da kusanci, Isra'ilawa sun yi nasarar korar sojojin Masar da suka fi karfin adadi. Isra'ilawa sun rasa kimanin mutane 300 da suka mutu, 1,000 sun jikkata, da kuma tankuna 56. Masarawa sun sha wahala mafi yawa, ciki har da tankunan yaƙi 118 da aka lalata sannan aka kama 15. == Martanin Masar ga matsugunin Isra'ila == A halin yanzu, Masarawan sun kasa fahimtar girman da girman ketarewar Isra'ila, kuma ba su fahimci manufarta da manufarta ba. Wannan ya faru ne saboda wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin kwamandojin filin Masar na ɓoye rahotanni game da ketarewar Isra'ila, wani ɓangare kuma saboda zato na ƙarya cewa ketarewar magudanar ruwa kawai karkatar da hankali ne ga wani babban hari na IDF da ke kan gefen dama na Rundunar Soja ta Biyu. Saboda haka, a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, Janar Shazly ya umarci Rundunar Soja ta 21 da ta kai hari kudu, yayin da Rundunar Soja ta 25 mai zaman kanta da ke ɗauke da makamai ta T-62 ta kai hari arewa a wani mataki na musamman don kawar da barazanar da ake gani ga Rundunar Soja ta Biyu. Masarawa sun kasa leƙa yankin kuma ba su san cewa a yanzu, Rundunar Sulke ta 162 ta Adan tana nan kusa ba. Bugu da ƙari, runduna ta 21 da ta 25 sun kasa daidaita hare-harensu, wanda hakan ya ba Rundunar Janar Adan damar haɗuwa da kowace runduna daban-daban. Da farko Adan ya mayar da hankali kan Rundunar Sulke ta 21, inda ya lalata tankunan Masar 50-60 sannan ya tilasta wa sauran su ja da baya. Daga nan sai ya juya zuwa kudu ya yi wa Rundunar Sulke ta 25 kwanton bauna, inda ya lalata tankunanta 86 daga cikin tankunanta 96 da dukkan rundunoninta yayin da ya rasa tankunanta uku. Manyan bindigogin Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a kan gadar Isra'ila a safiyar ranar 17 ga Oktoba, inda suka yi ta harbi da dama. Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Masar ta kai hare-hare akai-akai, wasu da jiragen sama har ashirin, don kwace gadar da kuma kwale-kwalen, lamarin da ya lalata gadar. Dole ne Masarawa su rufe wuraren SAM a lokacin wadannan hare-haren, wanda ya bai wa mayakan Isra'ila damar katse Masarawa. Masarawa sun rasa jiragen sama 16 da jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu 7, yayin da Isra'ilawa suka rasa jiragen sama 6. Gadar ta lalace, kuma hedikwatar Paratroop ta Isra'ila, wacce ke kusa da gadar, ita ma ta samu rauni, inda ta raunata kwamandan da mataimakinsa. A cikin dare, an gyara gadar, amma sai kawai wata ƙaramar runduna ta Isra'ila ta ketare. A cewar Chaim Herzog, Masarawa sun ci gaba da kai hari kan gadar har zuwa lokacin da aka tsagaita wuta, suna amfani da manyan bindigogi da rokoki don harba dubban harsashi a yankin da aka ketare. Jiragen saman Masar sun yi yunkurin jefa bam a kan gadar kowace rana, kuma jiragen helikwafta sun kaddamar da ayyukan kashe kai, suna kokarin jefa ganga napalm a kan gadar da kan gadar. An lalata gadojin sau da yawa, kuma dole ne a gyara su da daddare. Hare-haren sun yi sanadiyyar asarar rayuka masu yawa, kuma an nutsar da tankuna da yawa lokacin da aka kai hari kan kwale-kwalen su. Kwamandojin Masar da sojojin frog tare da tallafin sulke sun kai hari a ƙasa kan kan gadar, wanda aka mayar da martani tare da asarar tankuna 10. An kuma yi wa Masar duka biyun da suka biyo baya. Bayan gazawar hare-haren ramuwar gayya na ranar 17 ga Oktoba, Sojojin Masar sun fara fahimtar girman harin Isra'ila a hankali. A farkon ranar 18 ga Oktoba, Soviets sun nuna hotunan tauraron dan adam na sojojin Isra'ila da ke aiki a gabar yamma. Cikin fargaba, Sadat ya tura Shazly zuwa gaba don tantance lamarin da idon basira. Bai sake amincewa da kwamandojinsa na fagen daga don bayar da rahotanni masu inganci ba. Shazly ya tabbatar da cewa Isra'ilawa suna da akalla sashe ɗaya a gabar yamma kuma suna faɗaɗa hanyarsu ta zuwa gaba. Ya ba da shawarar cire mafi yawan sulken Masar daga gabar gabas don fuskantar barazanar Isra'ila da ke ƙaruwa a gabar yamma. Sadat ya ƙi wannan shawarar kai tsaye har ma ya yi barazanar Shazly da kotun soji. Ahmad Ismail Ali ya ba da shawarar da Sadat ya yi don a tsagaita wuta don hana Isra'ilawa amfani da nasarorin da suka samu. == Manazarta == mpio6fonba9vvq4vwjhhkjyx5s173qi 0 153248 842845 2026-05-29T22:20:08Z AsmudEmpire 45212 Kirkira 842845 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Lesego Chombo | image = | caption = Lesego Chombo a shekarar 2024 | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1998|7|30}} | birth_place = Shorobe, Botswana | nationality = Ɗan ƙasar Botswana | occupation = Lauya, 'yar siyasa, mai rajin taimakon jama'a, tsohuwar sarauniyar kyau | office = Ministar Matasa da Harkokin Jinsi ta Botswana | term_start = 11 Nuwamba 2024 | president = Duma Boko | alma_mater = Jami'ar Botswana | known_for = Miss Botswana 2022, Miss World Africa 2024 }} '''Lesego Chombo''' (an haife ta a ranar 30 ga Yuli 1998) lauya ce, 'yar siyasa, kuma tsohuwar sarauniyar kyau daga ƙasar Botswana. Ta zama sananniya bayan lashe kambun '''Miss Botswana 2022''' sannan daga baya ta wakilci ƙasarta a gasar '''Miss World 2023''', inda ta samu matsayi a cikin manyan huɗu tare da lashe taken '''Miss World Africa 2024'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesego_Chombo |title=Lesego Chombo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba 2024, shugaban ƙasar Botswana, '''Duma Boko''', ya naɗa ta Ministar Matasa da Harkokin Jinsi, lamarin da ya sanya ta zama mafi ƙarancin shekaru da ta taɓa riƙe muƙamin minista a tarihin Botswana.<ref>{{Cite news |title='Proud to be young' - Beauty queen, lawyer and Botswana's youngest cabinet minister |url=https://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/articles/c1mev5ygk0yo |work=BBC News |date=2025-05-11 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da karatu == An haifi Lesego Chombo a garin '''Shorobe''' da ke yankin North-West District na Botswana. Tun tana ƙarama ta nuna ƙwazo wajen karatu da jagoranci. Ta yi karatun lauya a '''Jami'ar Botswana''', inda ta shiga harkokin taimakon al'umma da ƙungiyoyin ɗalibai.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesego_Chombo |title=Lesego Chombo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Aikin lauya == Bayan kammala karatunta, Chombo ta yi aiki a wasu kamfanonin shari'a a Botswana. Ta fi mayar da hankali wajen kare haƙƙin mata, matasa, da marasa galihu. Ta kuma bayyana burinta na kafa nata cibiyar shari'a domin taimaka wa marasa ƙarfi a cikin al'umma.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://welcomeafrica.org/en/lesego-chombo-from-miss-botswana-to-youngest-minister-in-the-country/ |title=Lesego Chombo from Miss Botswana to youngest minister in the country |website=Welcome Africa |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Gasar sarauniyar kyau == Chombo ta fara fitowa a harkar sarauniyar kyau tun tana matashiya. Ta samu karin suna bayan lashe '''Miss Botswana 2022'''. A gasar '''Miss World 2023''', ta shiga cikin manyan 'yan takara kuma aka ba ta taken '''Miss World Africa'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kutlwano.gov.bw/mobile/kut-article-detail.php?aid=979&cid=5&mid=80 |title=Lesego Chombo wins big |website=Kutlwano Magazine |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinta na sarauniyar kyau, ta kafa '''Lesego Chombo Foundation''' domin taimakon yara da matasa marasa galihu ta hanyar ilimi, horo, da tallafin rayuwa.<ref>{{Cite news |title='Proud to be young' - Beauty queen, lawyer and Botswana's youngest cabinet minister |url=https://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/articles/c1mev5ygk0yo |work=BBC News |date=2025-05-11 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Harkokin siyasa == A ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 2024, an naɗa Chombo a matsayin mamba ta musamman a Majalisar Dokokin Botswana. Bayan kwanaki kaɗan, shugaban ƙasa Duma Boko ya ayyana ta Ministar Matasa da Harkokin Jinsi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://scrolla.africa/beauty-queen-becomes-botswanas-youth-minister/ |title=Beauty queen becomes Botswana’s youth minister |website=Scrolla Africa |date=2024-11-12 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Ta bayyana cewa tana son amfani da matsayinta wajen bunƙasa rayuwar matasa, ƙarfafa mata, da samar da damammaki ga yara a Botswana.<ref>{{Cite news |title='Proud to be young' - Beauty queen, lawyer and Botswana's youngest cabinet minister |url=https://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/articles/c1mev5ygk0yo |work=BBC News |date=2025-05-11 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Manufofi da rajin al'umma == Lesego Chombo ta yi suna wajen: * Ƙarfafa matasa * Yaƙi da rashin daidaito tsakanin jinsi * Taimakon yara marasa galihu * Wayar da kai kan ilimi da shugabanci Ta jaddada muhimmancin matasa wajen ci gaban tattalin arziki da siyasar Botswana.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/articles/c1mev5ygk0yo |title='Proud to be young' - Beauty queen, lawyer and Botswana's youngest cabinet minister |website=BBC News |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Miss Botswana]] * [[Botswana]] * [[Duma Boko]] == Manazarta == <references/> [[Category:1998 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Botswana politicians]] [[Category:Botswana lawyers]] [[Category:Beauty pageant winners]] [[Category:Women politicians]] e3ptn5ft6qioahom8hs6eey5uwyt3on 842849 842845 2026-05-29T22:25:50Z AsmudEmpire 45212 Gy 842849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Lesego Chombo | image = Lesego Chombo, 2022.jpeg | image_upright | caption = Lesego Chombo a shekarar 2024 | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1998|7|30}} | birth_place = Shorobe, Botswana | nationality = Ɗan ƙasar Botswana | occupation = Lauya, 'yar siyasa, mai rajin taimakon jama'a, tsohuwar sarauniyar kyau | office = Ministar Matasa da Harkokin Jinsi ta Botswana | term_start = 11 Nuwamba 2024 | president = Duma Boko | alma_mater = Jami'ar Botswana | known_for = Miss Botswana 2022, Miss World Africa 2024 }} '''Lesego Chombo''' (an haife ta a ranar 30 ga Yuli 1998) lauya ce, 'yar siyasa, kuma tsohuwar sarauniyar kyau daga ƙasar Botswana. Ta zama sananniya bayan lashe kambun '''Miss Botswana 2022''' sannan daga baya ta wakilci ƙasarta a gasar '''Miss World 2023''', inda ta samu matsayi a cikin manyan huɗu tare da lashe taken '''Miss World Africa 2024'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesego_Chombo |title=Lesego Chombo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba 2024, shugaban ƙasar Botswana, '''Duma Boko''', ya naɗa ta Ministar Matasa da Harkokin Jinsi, lamarin da ya sanya ta zama mafi ƙarancin shekaru da ta taɓa riƙe muƙamin minista a tarihin Botswana.<ref>{{Cite news |title='Proud to be young' - Beauty queen, lawyer and Botswana's youngest cabinet minister |url=https://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/articles/c1mev5ygk0yo |work=BBC News |date=2025-05-11 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da karatu == An haifi Lesego Chombo a garin '''Shorobe''' da ke yankin North-West District na Botswana. Tun tana ƙarama ta nuna ƙwazo wajen karatu da jagoranci. Ta yi karatun lauya a '''Jami'ar Botswana''', inda ta shiga harkokin taimakon al'umma da ƙungiyoyin ɗalibai.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesego_Chombo |title=Lesego Chombo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Aikin lauya == Bayan kammala karatunta, Chombo ta yi aiki a wasu kamfanonin shari'a a Botswana. Ta fi mayar da hankali wajen kare haƙƙin mata, matasa, da marasa galihu. Ta kuma bayyana burinta na kafa nata cibiyar shari'a domin taimaka wa marasa ƙarfi a cikin al'umma.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://welcomeafrica.org/en/lesego-chombo-from-miss-botswana-to-youngest-minister-in-the-country/ |title=Lesego Chombo from Miss Botswana to youngest minister in the country |website=Welcome Africa |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Gasar sarauniyar kyau == Chombo ta fara fitowa a harkar sarauniyar kyau tun tana matashiya. Ta samu karin suna bayan lashe '''Miss Botswana 2022'''. A gasar '''Miss World 2023''', ta shiga cikin manyan 'yan takara kuma aka ba ta taken '''Miss World Africa'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kutlwano.gov.bw/mobile/kut-article-detail.php?aid=979&cid=5&mid=80 |title=Lesego Chombo wins big |website=Kutlwano Magazine |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinta na sarauniyar kyau, ta kafa '''Lesego Chombo Foundation''' domin taimakon yara da matasa marasa galihu ta hanyar ilimi, horo, da tallafin rayuwa.<ref>{{Cite news |title='Proud to be young' - Beauty queen, lawyer and Botswana's youngest cabinet minister |url=https://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/articles/c1mev5ygk0yo |work=BBC News |date=2025-05-11 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Harkokin siyasa == A ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 2024, an naɗa Chombo a matsayin mamba ta musamman a Majalisar Dokokin Botswana. Bayan kwanaki kaɗan, shugaban ƙasa Duma Boko ya ayyana ta Ministar Matasa da Harkokin Jinsi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://scrolla.africa/beauty-queen-becomes-botswanas-youth-minister/ |title=Beauty queen becomes Botswana’s youth minister |website=Scrolla Africa |date=2024-11-12 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Ta bayyana cewa tana son amfani da matsayinta wajen bunƙasa rayuwar matasa, ƙarfafa mata, da samar da damammaki ga yara a Botswana.<ref>{{Cite news |title='Proud to be young' - Beauty queen, lawyer and Botswana's youngest cabinet minister |url=https://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/articles/c1mev5ygk0yo |work=BBC News |date=2025-05-11 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Manufofi da rajin al'umma == Lesego Chombo ta yi suna wajen: * Ƙarfafa matasa * Yaƙi da rashin daidaito tsakanin jinsi * Taimakon yara marasa galihu * Wayar da kai kan ilimi da shugabanci Ta jaddada muhimmancin matasa wajen ci gaban tattalin arziki da siyasar Botswana.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://feeds.bbci.co.uk/news/articles/c1mev5ygk0yo |title='Proud to be young' - Beauty queen, lawyer and Botswana's youngest cabinet minister |website=BBC News |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Botswana]] == Manazarta == <references/> [[Category:1998 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Botswana politicians]] [[Category:Botswana lawyers]] [[Category:Beauty pageant winners]] [[Category:Women politicians]] a28liyjjwuqahd1q2y580ok8hyao7t7 0 153249 842851 2026-05-29T22:35:25Z AsmudEmpire 45212 Kirkira 842851 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Linah Mohohlo | image = | caption = Linah Mohohlo a shekarar 2011 | birth_name = Linah Kelebogile Mohohlo | birth_date = {{Birth date|1952|2|13}} | birth_place = Ramotswa, Bechuanaland Protectorate | death_date = {{Death date and age|2021|6|2|1952|2|13}} | death_place = Gaborone, Botswana | nationality = Ɗan ƙasar Botswana | occupation = Masaniyar tattalin arziki, bankiya, shugabar jami'a | known_for = Gwamnar Bankin Botswana ta farko mace | office = Gwamnar Bankin Botswana | term_start = 1999 | term_end = 2016 | predecessor = Festus Mogae | successor = Moses Pelaelo | alma_mater = Jami'ar Botswana, George Washington University, Jami'ar Exeter }} '''Linah Kelebogile Mohohlo''' (13 Fabrairu 1952 – 2 Yuni 2021) masaniyar tattalin arziki ce kuma fitacciyar bankiya daga ƙasar Botswana. Ta zama mace ta farko da ta riƙe muƙamin '''Gwamnar Bankin Botswana''' daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2016. Bayan haka, ta kuma zama mace ta farko da aka naɗa '''Shugabar Jami'ar Botswana''' daga 2017 har zuwa rasuwarta a 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> An san Mohohlo a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan mata masu tasiri a harkar kuɗi da tattalin arziki a Afirka saboda rawar da ta taka wajen tabbatar da daidaiton tattalin arzikin Botswana da bunƙasa tsarin bankinta.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.centralbanking.com/central-banks/governance/people/7844151/linah-mohohlo-1952-2021 |title=Linah Mohohlo: 1952–2021 |website=Central Banking |date=2021-06-15 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Linah Mohohlo a garin '''Ramotswa''' a lokacin da Botswana ke ƙarƙashin mulkin mallakar Birtaniya da sunan ''Bechuanaland Protectorate''. Ta yi karatun difloma a fannin kasuwanci da lissafi a '''Jami'ar Botswana'''. Daga baya ta samu digiri a fannin tattalin arziki daga '''George Washington University''' a Amurka sannan ta yi digiri na biyu a harkar kuɗi da saka jari a '''Jami'ar Exeter''' da ke Birtaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Ta kuma halarci wani babban shirin horas da shugabanci a '''Jami'ar Yale'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia Français |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Aikinta == === Bankin Botswana === Mohohlo ta fara aiki a '''Bankin Botswana''' a shekarar 1976 a matsayin sakatariya. Ta yi aiki a fannoni daban-daban na bankin har ta kai matsayin mataimakiyar gwamna kafin daga bisani aka naɗa ta gwamna a shekarar 1999.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bankofbotswana.bw/sites/default/files/press-release-files/Tribute%20-%20Linah%20Kelebogile%20Mohohlo%20-%20Bank%20of%20Botswana%20Former%20Governor.pdf |title=A Tribute to the Late Linah Kelebogile Mohohlo |website=Bank of Botswana |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinta: * Ta inganta tsarin kula da kuɗaɗen ƙasar Botswana * Ta bunƙasa tsarin bankuna da kula da su * Ta taimaka wajen tabbatar da ƙarancin hauhawar farashi * Ta jagoranci sauye-sauye a tsarin biyan kuɗi ta hanyar amfani da fasahar zamani<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bankofbotswana.bw/sites/default/files/press-release-files/microsoft-word--press-release-governor-retires-sept-2016.pdf |title=Governor retires after decades of service |website=Bank of Botswana |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> An yaba mata sosai saboda yadda ta jagoranci tattalin arzikin Botswana cikin kwanciyar hankali har ma lokacin rikicin kuɗi na duniya na shekarar 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia Português |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> === Ayyuka na duniya === Mohohlo ta yi aiki tare da: * '''Asusun Lamuni na Duniya (IMF)''' * '''Kwamitin Ci gaban Afirka''' * '''Africa Progress Panel''' * '''Majalisar Dinkin Duniya''' a wasu shirye-shiryen ci gaban Afirka da jin ƙai.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Ta kuma kasance mamba a wasu manyan kwamitoci na duniya da suka shafi kuɗi, tattalin arziki da ci gaban al'umma.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.centralbanking.com/central-banking/interview/1868069/interview-linah-mohohlo |title=Interview: Linah Mohohlo |website=Central Banking |date=2010-11-03 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> === Shugabar Jami'ar Botswana === A shekarar 2017, an naɗa ta shugabar '''Jami'ar Botswana''', inda ta zama mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙami tun kafuwar jami'ar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.botswanayouth.com/mohohlo-is-no-more/ |title=Mohohlo is no more |website=Botswana Youth Magazine |date=2021-06-02 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == Mohohlo ta samu lambobin yabo da dama saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga tattalin arziki da shugabanci, ciki har da: * '''Central Bank Governor of the Year for Africa''' daga mujallar ''The Banker'' a 2001 * Jerin '''Mata mafi tasiri a Afirka''' daga ''Forbes Africa''<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bankofbotswana.bw/news/forbes-africa-magazine-acknowledges-governor-mohohlo |title=Forbes Africa Magazine acknowledges Governor Mohohlo |website=Bank of Botswana |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Rasuwa == Linah Mohohlo ta rasu a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2021 a birnin '''Gaborone''' sakamakon matsalolin cutar '''COVID-19''' tana da shekaru 69.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Rasuwarta ta jawo alhini a Botswana da sauran sassan Afirka saboda irin gudummawar da ta bayar wajen haɓaka tattalin arziki da shugabancin mata.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.centralbanking.com/central-banks/governance/people/7844151/linah-mohohlo-1952-2021 |title=Linah Mohohlo: 1952–2021 |website=Central Banking |date=2021-06-15 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Bank of Botswana]] * [[Botswana]] * [[Moses Pelaelo]] == Manazarta == <references/> [[Category:1952 births]] [[Category:2021 deaths]] [[Category:Botswana economists]] [[Category:Botswana bankers]] [[Category:Women economists]] [[Category:University chancellors]] [[Category:Deaths from COVID-19]] dy2007xigjs32ftvj6rtmjo3prlp5e9 842856 842851 2026-05-29T22:44:36Z AsmudEmpire 45212 Karamin gyara 842856 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Linah Mohohlo | image = File:Linah_Mohohlo_-_Closing_Plenary-_Africa's_Next_Chapter_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2011_crop.jpg | caption = Linah Mohohlo a shekarar 2011 | birth_name = Linah Kelebogile Mohohlo | birth_date = {{Birth date|1952|2|13}} | birth_place = Ramotswa, Bechuanaland Protectorate | death_date = {{Death date and age|2021|6|2|1952|2|13}} | death_place = Gaborone, Botswana | nationality = Ɗan ƙasar Botswana | occupation = Masaniyar tattalin arziki, bankiya, shugabar jami'a | known_for = Gwamnar Bankin Botswana ta farko mace | office = Gwamnar Bankin Botswana | term_start = 1999 | term_end = 2016 | predecessor = Festus Mogae | successor = Moses Pelaelo | alma_mater = Jami'ar Botswana, George Washington University, Jami'ar Exeter }} '''Linah Kelebogile Mohohlo''' (13 Fabrairu 1952 – 2 Yuni 2021) masaniyar tattalin arziki ce kuma fitacciyar bankiya daga ƙasar Botswana. Ta zama mace ta farko da ta riƙe muƙamin '''Gwamnar Bankin Botswana''' daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2016. Bayan haka, ta kuma zama mace ta farko da aka naɗa '''Shugabar Jami'ar Botswana''' daga 2017 har zuwa rasuwarta a 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> An san Mohohlo a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan mata masu tasiri a harkar kuɗi da tattalin arziki a Afirka saboda rawar da ta taka wajen tabbatar da daidaiton tattalin arzikin Botswana da bunƙasa tsarin bankinta.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.centralbanking.com/central-banks/governance/people/7844151/linah-mohohlo-1952-2021 |title=Linah Mohohlo: 1952–2021 |website=Central Banking |date=2021-06-15 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Linah Mohohlo a garin '''Ramotswa''' a lokacin da Botswana ke ƙarƙashin mulkin mallakar Birtaniya da sunan ''Bechuanaland Protectorate''. Ta yi karatun difloma a fannin kasuwanci da lissafi a '''Jami'ar Botswana'''. Daga baya ta samu digiri a fannin tattalin arziki daga '''George Washington University''' a Amurka sannan ta yi digiri na biyu a harkar kuɗi da saka jari a '''Jami'ar Exeter''' da ke Birtaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Ta kuma halarci wani babban shirin horas da shugabanci a '''Jami'ar Yale'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia Français |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Aikinta == === Bankin Botswana === Mohohlo ta fara aiki a '''Bankin Botswana''' a shekarar 1976 a matsayin sakatariya. Ta yi aiki a fannoni daban-daban na bankin har ta kai matsayin mataimakiyar gwamna kafin daga bisani aka naɗa ta gwamna a shekarar 1999.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bankofbotswana.bw/sites/default/files/press-release-files/Tribute%20-%20Linah%20Kelebogile%20Mohohlo%20-%20Bank%20of%20Botswana%20Former%20Governor.pdf |title=A Tribute to the Late Linah Kelebogile Mohohlo |website=Bank of Botswana |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinta: * Ta inganta tsarin kula da kuɗaɗen ƙasar Botswana * Ta bunƙasa tsarin bankuna da kula da su * Ta taimaka wajen tabbatar da ƙarancin hauhawar farashi * Ta jagoranci sauye-sauye a tsarin biyan kuɗi ta hanyar amfani da fasahar zamani<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bankofbotswana.bw/sites/default/files/press-release-files/microsoft-word--press-release-governor-retires-sept-2016.pdf |title=Governor retires after decades of service |website=Bank of Botswana |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> An yaba mata sosai saboda yadda ta jagoranci tattalin arzikin Botswana cikin kwanciyar hankali har ma lokacin rikicin kuɗi na duniya na shekarar 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia Português |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> === Ayyuka na duniya === Mohohlo ta yi aiki tare da: * '''Asusun Lamuni na Duniya (IMF)''' * '''Kwamitin Ci gaban Afirka''' * '''Africa Progress Panel''' * '''Majalisar Dinkin Duniya''' a wasu shirye-shiryen ci gaban Afirka da jin ƙai.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Ta kuma kasance mamba a wasu manyan kwamitoci na duniya da suka shafi kuɗi, tattalin arziki da ci gaban al'umma.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.centralbanking.com/central-banking/interview/1868069/interview-linah-mohohlo |title=Interview: Linah Mohohlo |website=Central Banking |date=2010-11-03 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> === Shugabar Jami'ar Botswana === A shekarar 2017, an naɗa ta shugabar '''Jami'ar Botswana''', inda ta zama mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙami tun kafuwar jami'ar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.botswanayouth.com/mohohlo-is-no-more/ |title=Mohohlo is no more |website=Botswana Youth Magazine |date=2021-06-02 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == Mohohlo ta samu lambobin yabo da dama saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga tattalin arziki da shugabanci, ciki har da: * '''Central Bank Governor of the Year for Africa''' daga mujallar ''The Banker'' a 2001 * Jerin '''Mata mafi tasiri a Afirka''' daga ''Forbes Africa''<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bankofbotswana.bw/news/forbes-africa-magazine-acknowledges-governor-mohohlo |title=Forbes Africa Magazine acknowledges Governor Mohohlo |website=Bank of Botswana |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Rasuwa == Linah Mohohlo ta rasu a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2021 a birnin '''Gaborone''' sakamakon matsalolin cutar '''COVID-19''' tana da shekaru 69.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linah_Mohohlo |title=Linah Mohohlo |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> Rasuwarta ta jawo alhini a Botswana da sauran sassan Afirka saboda irin gudummawar da ta bayar wajen haɓaka tattalin arziki da shugabancin mata.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.centralbanking.com/central-banks/governance/people/7844151/linah-mohohlo-1952-2021 |title=Linah Mohohlo: 1952–2021 |website=Central Banking |date=2021-06-15 |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Botswana]] == Manazarta == <references/> [[Category:1952 births]] [[Category:2021 deaths]] [[Category:Botswana economists]] [[Category:Botswana bankers]] [[Category:Women economists]] [[Category:University chancellors]] [[Category:Deaths from COVID-19]] ff627grjdbyf5xmi00isofayi8809dz 0 153250 842852 2026-05-29T22:37:06Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338750356|Ismailia Stadium]]" 842852 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Filin wasa na Ismailia''' ( Arabic ) tana cikin Ismailia, Masar, kuma tana da jimillar damar shiga 18,525 bayan sake fasalin a shekarar 2009, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ismaïlia Stadium |url=https://int.soccerway.com/venues/egypt/ismailia-stadium/v1303/ |access-date=18 August 2017 |publisher=soccerway}}</ref> sannan aka haɓaka ta zuwa kujeru 30,000 bayan sake fasalin a shekarar 2019 don Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2019, [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] ce ke amfani da ita, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin filayen wasa shida da aka yi amfani da su a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2006 da Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2019, wanda aka gudanar a Masar. == Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2019 == Filin wasan yana ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da za a yi gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2019 . An buga wasannin da ke ƙasa a filin wasa yayin gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2019: {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left;" width="100%" !Kwanan wata ! Lokaci ( CEST ) ! Ƙungiya #1 ! Sakamako ! Ƙungiya #2 ! Zagaye ! Halartar |- | rowspan="2" | 25 Yuni 2019 | 19:00 |{{Flagicon|Cameroon}} [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Kamaru|Kamaru]] | style="text-align:center;" | 2–0 |{{Flagicon|Guinea-Bissau}} [[Guinea-Bissau national football team|Guinea-Bissau]] | rowspan="5" | Rukuni na F | style="text-align:center;" | 5,983 |- | 22:00 |{{Flagicon|Ghana}} [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] | style="text-align:center;" | 2–2 |{{Flagicon|Benin}} [[Benin national football team|Benin]] | style="text-align:center;" | 8,094 |- | rowspan="2" | 29 Yuni 2019 | 19:00 |{{Flagicon|Cameroon}} [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Kamaru|Kamaru]] | style="text-align:center;" | 0–0 |{{Flagicon|Ghana}} [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] | style="text-align:center;" | 16,724 |- | 22:00 |{{Flagicon|Benin}} [[Benin national football team|Benin]] | style="text-align:center;" | 0–0 |{{Flagicon|Guinea-Bissau}} [[Guinea-Bissau national football team|Guinea-Bissau]] | style="text-align:center;" | 9,212 |- | rowspan="2" | 2 Yuli 2019 | 18:00 |{{Flagicon|Benin}} [[Benin national football team|Benin]] | style="text-align:center;" | 0–0 |{{Flagicon|Cameroon}} [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Kamaru|Kamaru]] | style="text-align:center;" | 14,120 |- | 21:00 |{{Flagicon|Angola}} [[Angola national football team|Angola]] | style="text-align:center;" | 0–1 |{{Flagicon|Mali}} [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Mali|Mali]] | Rukuni na E | style="text-align:center;" | 8,135 |- | 8 ga Yuli, 2019 | 21:00 |{{Flagicon|Ghana}} [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] | style="text-align:center;" | 2–2 ( alkalami 4–5). |{{Flagicon|Tunisia}} [[Tunisia national football team|Tunisiya]] | Zagaye na 16 | style="text-align:center;" | 8,890 |} == Manazarta == ki57dbwkxpb2l99o3yty94vx1iyh90m 842853 842852 2026-05-29T22:37:34Z Engineer014 44591 842853 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Filin wasa na Ismailia''' ( Arabic ) tana cikin Ismailia, Masar, kuma tana da jimillar damar shiga 18,525 bayan sake fasalin a shekarar 2009, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ismaïlia Stadium |url=https://int.soccerway.com/venues/egypt/ismailia-stadium/v1303/ |access-date=18 August 2017 |publisher=soccerway}}</ref> sannan aka haɓaka ta zuwa kujeru 30,000 bayan sake fasalin a shekarar 2019 don Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2019, [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] ce ke amfani da ita, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin filayen wasa shida da aka yi amfani da su a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2006 da Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2019, wanda aka gudanar a Masar. == Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2019 == Filin wasan yana ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da za a yi gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2019 . An buga wasannin da ke ƙasa a filin wasa yayin gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2019: {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left;" width="100%" !Kwanan wata ! Lokaci ( CEST ) ! Ƙungiya #1 ! Sakamako ! Ƙungiya #2 ! Zagaye ! Halartar |- | rowspan="2" | 25 Yuni 2019 | 19:00 |{{Flagicon|Cameroon}} [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Kamaru|Kamaru]] | style="text-align:center;" | 2–0 |{{Flagicon|Guinea-Bissau}} [[Guinea-Bissau national football team|Guinea-Bissau]] | rowspan="5" | Rukuni na F | style="text-align:center;" | 5,983 |- | 22:00 |{{Flagicon|Ghana}} [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] | style="text-align:center;" | 2–2 |{{Flagicon|Benin}} [[Benin national football team|Benin]] | style="text-align:center;" | 8,094 |- | rowspan="2" | 29 Yuni 2019 | 19:00 |{{Flagicon|Cameroon}} [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Kamaru|Kamaru]] | style="text-align:center;" | 0–0 |{{Flagicon|Ghana}} [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] | style="text-align:center;" | 16,724 |- | 22:00 |{{Flagicon|Benin}} [[Benin national football team|Benin]] | style="text-align:center;" | 0–0 |{{Flagicon|Guinea-Bissau}} [[Guinea-Bissau national football team|Guinea-Bissau]] | style="text-align:center;" | 9,212 |- | rowspan="2" | 2 Yuli 2019 | 18:00 |{{Flagicon|Benin}} [[Benin national football team|Benin]] | style="text-align:center;" | 0–0 |{{Flagicon|Cameroon}} [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Kamaru|Kamaru]] | style="text-align:center;" | 14,120 |- | 21:00 |{{Flagicon|Angola}} [[Angola national football team|Angola]] | style="text-align:center;" | 0–1 |{{Flagicon|Mali}} [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Mali|Mali]] | Rukuni na E | style="text-align:center;" | 8,135 |- | 8 ga Yuli, 2019 | 21:00 |{{Flagicon|Ghana}} [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] | style="text-align:center;" | 2–2 ( alkalami 4–5). |{{Flagicon|Tunisia}} [[Tunisia national football team|Tunisiya]] | Zagaye na 16 | style="text-align:center;" | 8,890 |} == Manazarta == c4lq7ltzrkyzh374yy949giks98gdbo 0 153251 842854 2026-05-29T22:43:04Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354117336|John T. Davies (businessman)]]" 842854 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  '''Sir John T. Davies''' KCB CVO (1881–1938), wanda aka fi sani da '''J.&nbsp;T. Davies''' har zuwa 1923, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Sakataren Sirri na Lloyd George (PPS) daga 1912 zuwa 1922 sannan daga baya ya zama darektan Kamfanin Suez Canal da Kamfanin Ford Motor Limited . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi John Thomas Davies a Wales a ranar 9 ga Mayu 1881. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yan John Davies biyar, wani manomi daga Newcastle Emlyn, Carmarthenshire, kuma ɗan uwan ɗan majalisar Liberal ta Wales Towyn Jones ne. Tun yana yaro John Thomas ya rubuta waƙa a cikin harshen Welsh kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka a eisteddfodau . Ya yi tunanin zama mai wa'azi, amma ya yanke shawarar yin aiki a fannin koyarwa. Bayan ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Normal, Bangor ya koma Landan inda ya koyar na tsawon shekaru goma yayin da yake karatun digiri na farko a Kimiyya a Jami'ar London. A watan Yulin 1911 yana cikin kwamitin shirya bikin ba da kyautar Yariman Wales a Caernarvon, kuma a can ne ya haɗu da Lloyd George, Shugaban Ma'ajiyar Kuɗi na wancan lokacin, wanda ya ba shi aiki a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin sakatarorinsa, wanda aka karɓa. == Sabis tare da Lloyd George == Lokacin da aka naɗa Lloyd George a sabon mukamin Ministan Makamai 'JT', kamar yadda zai zama sananne a duniyar siyasa, ya ƙaura tare da shi daga Baitulmali zuwa sabuwar Ma'aikatar a watan Mayu na 1915. JT ta raka Lloyd George zuwa wata ziyara ga ma'aikatan harsasai masu yajin aiki a [[Glasgow]] a watan Disamba na 1915, inda ta lura cewa sun yi sa'a sun tsere da rayukansu saboda fushin masu kula da shaguna. A watan Yunin 1916 JT ta koma Ma'aikatar Yaƙi tare da Lloyd George lokacin da aka naɗa shi Sakataren Yaƙi na Jiha, kuma a watan Satumba na wannan shekarar ya raka Lloyd George yawon shakatawa a Yammacin Yamma, inda ya ziyarci Verdun, Somme, da Ypres . Lokacin da Lloyd George ya zama Firayim Minista kuma shugaban gwamnatin haɗin gwiwa a watan Disamba na 1916 JT ta tafi tare da shi zuwa Lamba 10 Downing Street kuma ta yi aiki a ƙarƙashinsa har zuwa lokacin da ya yi murabus a watan Oktoba na 1922. A lokacin da yake aiki a Lamba 10 JT ya yi tafiye-tafiye da dama zuwa ƙasashen waje tare da Lloyd George. A watan Nuwamba na 1917 ya halarci taron Rapallo wanda aka shirya don tattauna yadda Birtaniya da Faransa za su iya taimaka wa sojojin Italiya. A watan Mayu na 1918 ya shiga cikin hayaniyar da ta dabaibaye Maurice Affair inda aka zargi Lloyd George da yi wa Majalisar Wakilai ƙarya game da adadin sojojin da ke Yammacin Yamma. An wanke Lloyd George lokacin da ya sami damar tabbatar da cewa alkaluman da ya bayar Janar Maurice ne ya ba shi lokacin da na ƙarshe yake Daraktan Ayyukan Soja. A cewar Frances Stevenson, wacce ita ce uwargidan Lloyd George kuma ɗaya daga cikin sakatarorinsa, daga baya ita da JT suka ci karo da wani gyara ga alkaluman kuma JT ta kunna wutar gyaran, tana mai cewa babu wanda zai taɓa sani game da hakan sai shi da Frances. Lokacin da Lloyd George ba ya Landan ba tare da JT ba, suna ci gaba da tuntuɓar juna ta waya, sau da yawa suna magana da [[harshen Welsh]] don kada duk wanda ke sauraron mutane ya fahimta. Daga Janairu zuwa Yuni 1919 JT memba ne na tawagar Lloyd George a taron zaman lafiya na Paris, kuma ya halarci taron San Remo na gaba wanda ya gudana a Italiya a watan Afrilun 1920. A ƙarshen bazara na 1921 JT yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka raka Lloyd George zuwa Gairloch a Scotland don ganawa da wakilan Éamon de Valera game da Dokar Gida ta Irish . == Daraktocin Kamfanin == Sir John, kamar yadda aka san shi a lokacin, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Kamfanin Suez Canal har zuwa rasuwarsa a 1938. A watan Yunin 1925, an yi tambaya game da cancantarsa ta zama darektan kamfanin a Majalisar Wakilai, domin ba shi da wata gogewa ta kasuwanci. [[Winston Churchill]], a lokacin Shugaban Baitulmali, ya bayyana cewa daraktoci uku da Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta nada, wadanda Sir John daya ne daga cikinsu, an zabe su ne saboda iliminsu na majalisa da na hukuma, kuma cewa mambobin kwamitin da ba na hukuma ba ne ke kula da muradun kasuwanci na Birtaniya wadanda aka sani da Kwamitin London. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=16 June 1925 |title=Hansard, vol 185, cc 283-4 |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1925/jun/16/suez-canal-company |website=}}</ref> A shekarar 1937, an umurci Sir John da marubucin Harry Greenwall da su rubuta tarihin hukuma na Suez Canal, kodayake littafin bai kasance a buga shi ba a lokacin mutuwar Sir John saboda Ofishin Harkokin Waje bai so a bayyana wasu abubuwan da ya rubuta a bainar jama'a ba. A watan Disamba na shekarar 1928, Sir John ya zama ɗaya daga cikin Daraktocin Burtaniya guda huɗu na sabuwar Kamfanin Mota na Ford da aka kafa. Daga baya kuma ya shiga cikin gwaje-gwajen [[Henry Ford]] game da noman waken soya a Fordson Estate da ke Essex. Sir John da Lady Davies sun sayi gida a Gabashin Haddow, Essex don kasancewa kusa da aikin Sir John a Fordson Estate. == Ayyukan Siyasa == Bayan ya bar aikin gwamnati Sir John ya shiga jam'iyyar Liberal ta Lloyd George. Ya zama babban amintaccen Asusun Siyasa na Lloyd George, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jones |first=J Graham |date=Winter 2005–2006 |title=Honiton, Dumfriesshire and the Lloyd George Fund |url=https://liberalhistory.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/49-Winter-2005.pdf |journal=Journal of Liberal History |issue=49 |page=6}}</ref> wanda shi ma ya yi aiki a matsayin sakatare da kuma ma'aji a lokuta daban-daban. Lloyd George ne ya kafa Asusun ta amfani da kuɗin da masu ba da gudummawa na Liberal masu arziki suka bayar, sau da yawa a madadin girmamawa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jones |first=J Graham |date=Winter 2005–2006 |title=Honiton, Dumfriesshire and the Lloyd George Fund |url=https://liberalhistory.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/49-Winter-2005.pdf |journal=Journal of Liberal History |issue=49 |pages=5–6}}</ref> Bayan Babban Zaɓen 1923 Sir John ya wakilci Lloyd George a tattaunawar da ya yi da 'yan Liberal na Asquith game da biyan kuɗin zaɓe daga Asusun. A watan Nuwamba 1927 aka naɗa shi sakataren Asusun, kuma a matsayin ma'ajin Asusun a 1931 ya shiga cikin shirya masaukin lokacin da 'yan Liberal na Lloyd George suka ƙaura zuwa sabbin ofisoshi a Thames House . Sir John memba ne mai himma a reshen jam'iyyar Liberal na yankinsa, wato ƙungiyar Hendon & Finchley Liberal Association, kuma ya shirya liyafar lambun bazara a harabar gidansa. Ya kuma kasance memba na reshen ƙungiyar League of Nations Union, wanda aka kafa don haɓaka zaman lafiya na duniya da kuma tasiri ga manufofin harkokin waje na jam'iyyar Liberal. == Aikin Sadaka == == Mutuwa == Sir John ya mutu a gidansa The Meadow, Little Baddow, Essex a ranar 31 ga Maris 1938. Da jin labarin mutuwarsa, Lloyd George ya ce 'Sir John Davies ba kawai sakatarena ne na sirri ba a cikin mafi wahalar shekaru na rayuwata ta hukuma, amma koyaushe yana ɗaya daga cikin abokaina na kud da kud. Game da aikinsa a Downing Street a cikin duhun zamanin Yaƙin, ba zan iya fatan yin amfani da kalmomi masu dacewa ba. Ya kasance mai ƙwarewa, mai juriya, kuma mai aminci a cikin komai. Ban taɓa samun yana da rauni a kowane lokaci ba'. == Rayuwa ta sirri == A watan Maris na shekarar 1913, Sir John ya auri Bessie Edwards daga Handcross a Sussex . Suna da 'ya mace ɗaya, Mary Gwenda. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 07m2eb74b26px8eugs9bvd5cp5be7j2 842855 842854 2026-05-29T22:43:58Z Engineer014 44591 842855 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sir John T. Davies''' KCB CVO (1881–1938), wanda aka fi sani da '''J.&nbsp;T. Davies''' har zuwa 1923, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Sakataren Sirri na Lloyd George (PPS) daga 1912 zuwa 1922 sannan daga baya ya zama darektan Kamfanin Suez Canal da Kamfanin Ford Motor Limited . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi John Thomas Davies a Wales a ranar 9 ga Mayu 1881. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yan John Davies biyar, wani manomi daga Newcastle Emlyn, Carmarthenshire, kuma ɗan uwan ɗan majalisar Liberal ta Wales Towyn Jones ne. Tun yana yaro John Thomas ya rubuta waƙa a cikin harshen Welsh kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka a eisteddfodau . Ya yi tunanin zama mai wa'azi, amma ya yanke shawarar yin aiki a fannin koyarwa. Bayan ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Normal, Bangor ya koma Landan inda ya koyar na tsawon shekaru goma yayin da yake karatun digiri na farko a Kimiyya a Jami'ar London. A watan Yulin 1911 yana cikin kwamitin shirya bikin ba da kyautar Yariman Wales a Caernarvon, kuma a can ne ya haɗu da Lloyd George, Shugaban Ma'ajiyar Kuɗi na wancan lokacin, wanda ya ba shi aiki a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin sakatarorinsa, wanda aka karɓa. == Sabis tare da Lloyd George == Lokacin da aka naɗa Lloyd George a sabon mukamin Ministan Makamai 'JT', kamar yadda zai zama sananne a duniyar siyasa, ya ƙaura tare da shi daga Baitulmali zuwa sabuwar Ma'aikatar a watan Mayu na 1915. JT ta raka Lloyd George zuwa wata ziyara ga ma'aikatan harsasai masu yajin aiki a [[Glasgow]] a watan Disamba na 1915, inda ta lura cewa sun yi sa'a sun tsere da rayukansu saboda fushin masu kula da shaguna. A watan Yunin 1916 JT ta koma Ma'aikatar Yaƙi tare da Lloyd George lokacin da aka naɗa shi Sakataren Yaƙi na Jiha, kuma a watan Satumba na wannan shekarar ya raka Lloyd George yawon shakatawa a Yammacin Yamma, inda ya ziyarci Verdun, Somme, da Ypres . Lokacin da Lloyd George ya zama Firayim Minista kuma shugaban gwamnatin haɗin gwiwa a watan Disamba na 1916 JT ta tafi tare da shi zuwa Lamba 10 Downing Street kuma ta yi aiki a ƙarƙashinsa har zuwa lokacin da ya yi murabus a watan Oktoba na 1922. A lokacin da yake aiki a Lamba 10 JT ya yi tafiye-tafiye da dama zuwa ƙasashen waje tare da Lloyd George. A watan Nuwamba na 1917 ya halarci taron Rapallo wanda aka shirya don tattauna yadda Birtaniya da Faransa za su iya taimaka wa sojojin Italiya. A watan Mayu na 1918 ya shiga cikin hayaniyar da ta dabaibaye Maurice Affair inda aka zargi Lloyd George da yi wa Majalisar Wakilai ƙarya game da adadin sojojin da ke Yammacin Yamma. An wanke Lloyd George lokacin da ya sami damar tabbatar da cewa alkaluman da ya bayar Janar Maurice ne ya ba shi lokacin da na ƙarshe yake Daraktan Ayyukan Soja. A cewar Frances Stevenson, wacce ita ce uwargidan Lloyd George kuma ɗaya daga cikin sakatarorinsa, daga baya ita da JT suka ci karo da wani gyara ga alkaluman kuma JT ta kunna wutar gyaran, tana mai cewa babu wanda zai taɓa sani game da hakan sai shi da Frances. Lokacin da Lloyd George ba ya Landan ba tare da JT ba, suna ci gaba da tuntuɓar juna ta waya, sau da yawa suna magana da [[harshen Welsh]] don kada duk wanda ke sauraron mutane ya fahimta. Daga Janairu zuwa Yuni 1919 JT memba ne na tawagar Lloyd George a taron zaman lafiya na Paris, kuma ya halarci taron San Remo na gaba wanda ya gudana a Italiya a watan Afrilun 1920. A ƙarshen bazara na 1921 JT yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka raka Lloyd George zuwa Gairloch a Scotland don ganawa da wakilan Éamon de Valera game da Dokar Gida ta Irish . == Daraktocin Kamfanin == Sir John, kamar yadda aka san shi a lokacin, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Kamfanin Suez Canal har zuwa rasuwarsa a 1938. A watan Yunin 1925, an yi tambaya game da cancantarsa ta zama darektan kamfanin a Majalisar Wakilai, domin ba shi da wata gogewa ta kasuwanci. [[Winston Churchill]], a lokacin Shugaban Baitulmali, ya bayyana cewa daraktoci uku da Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta nada, wadanda Sir John daya ne daga cikinsu, an zabe su ne saboda iliminsu na majalisa da na hukuma, kuma cewa mambobin kwamitin da ba na hukuma ba ne ke kula da muradun kasuwanci na Birtaniya wadanda aka sani da Kwamitin London. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=16 June 1925 |title=Hansard, vol 185, cc 283-4 |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1925/jun/16/suez-canal-company |website=}}</ref> A shekarar 1937, an umurci Sir John da marubucin Harry Greenwall da su rubuta tarihin hukuma na Suez Canal, kodayake littafin bai kasance a buga shi ba a lokacin mutuwar Sir John saboda Ofishin Harkokin Waje bai so a bayyana wasu abubuwan da ya rubuta a bainar jama'a ba. A watan Disamba na shekarar 1928, Sir John ya zama ɗaya daga cikin Daraktocin Burtaniya guda huɗu na sabuwar Kamfanin Mota na Ford da aka kafa. Daga baya kuma ya shiga cikin gwaje-gwajen [[Henry Ford]] game da noman waken soya a Fordson Estate da ke Essex. Sir John da Lady Davies sun sayi gida a Gabashin Haddow, Essex don kasancewa kusa da aikin Sir John a Fordson Estate. == Ayyukan Siyasa == Bayan ya bar aikin gwamnati Sir John ya shiga jam'iyyar Liberal ta Lloyd George. Ya zama babban amintaccen Asusun Siyasa na Lloyd George, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jones |first=J Graham |date=Winter 2005–2006 |title=Honiton, Dumfriesshire and the Lloyd George Fund |url=https://liberalhistory.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/49-Winter-2005.pdf |journal=Journal of Liberal History |issue=49 |page=6}}</ref> wanda shi ma ya yi aiki a matsayin sakatare da kuma ma'aji a lokuta daban-daban. Lloyd George ne ya kafa Asusun ta amfani da kuɗin da masu ba da gudummawa na Liberal masu arziki suka bayar, sau da yawa a madadin girmamawa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jones |first=J Graham |date=Winter 2005–2006 |title=Honiton, Dumfriesshire and the Lloyd George Fund |url=https://liberalhistory.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/49-Winter-2005.pdf |journal=Journal of Liberal History |issue=49 |pages=5–6}}</ref> Bayan Babban Zaɓen 1923 Sir John ya wakilci Lloyd George a tattaunawar da ya yi da 'yan Liberal na Asquith game da biyan kuɗin zaɓe daga Asusun. A watan Nuwamba 1927 aka naɗa shi sakataren Asusun, kuma a matsayin ma'ajin Asusun a 1931 ya shiga cikin shirya masaukin lokacin da 'yan Liberal na Lloyd George suka ƙaura zuwa sabbin ofisoshi a Thames House . Sir John memba ne mai himma a reshen jam'iyyar Liberal na yankinsa, wato ƙungiyar Hendon & Finchley Liberal Association, kuma ya shirya liyafar lambun bazara a harabar gidansa. Ya kuma kasance memba na reshen ƙungiyar League of Nations Union, wanda aka kafa don haɓaka zaman lafiya na duniya da kuma tasiri ga manufofin harkokin waje na jam'iyyar Liberal. == Aikin Sadaka == == Mutuwa == Sir John ya mutu a gidansa The Meadow, Little Baddow, Essex a ranar 31 ga Maris 1938. Da jin labarin mutuwarsa, Lloyd George ya ce 'Sir John Davies ba kawai sakatarena ne na sirri ba a cikin mafi wahalar shekaru na rayuwata ta hukuma, amma koyaushe yana ɗaya daga cikin abokaina na kud da kud. Game da aikinsa a Downing Street a cikin duhun zamanin Yaƙin, ba zan iya fatan yin amfani da kalmomi masu dacewa ba. Ya kasance mai ƙwarewa, mai juriya, kuma mai aminci a cikin komai. Ban taɓa samun yana da rauni a kowane lokaci ba'. == Rayuwa ta sirri == A watan Maris na shekarar 1913, Sir John ya auri Bessie Edwards daga Handcross a Sussex . Suna da 'ya mace ɗaya, Mary Gwenda. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cpl54oetfos5pzpzip3gqh28632swir 0 153252 842857 2026-05-29T22:45:15Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343473526|Canal Channel]]" 842857 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar Canal''' ( [[Larabci]] : قناة القنال), wacce aka fi sani da '''Channel 4''' (القناة الثالثة), tana ɗaya daga cikin tashoshi shida na Hukumar Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai ta Ƙasa . Tashar ta samo asali ne daga Ismailia kuma tana mai da hankali kan ayyukanta a kan lardunan da ke yankin [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]], waɗanda suka shafi Alexandria, Al Buhayrah, Kudancin Sinai, da wasu sassan Matrouh . == Tarihi == Tashar ta fara watsa shirye-shirye a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 1988. Tun daga shekarar 2002, tashar tana watsa shirye-shirye na tsawon awanni 18 da mintuna 57 a kowace rana. Lokacin Ramadan na tashar a shekarar 2015 ya haɗa da maimaita shirye-shiryen Masar a lokacin azumi. A watan Oktoba na shekarar 2015, an ba da rahoton tashar ga watsa shirye-shiryen ''Nations of Morale'', wani shiri na Musulunci wanda Hesham Abdel Aziz ya gabatar. Babban shirin ya kasance ''Sabah Al-Mahrousa'', wanda aka ƙirƙira don tashoshin yankuna shida. Binciken bugu ɗaya a wannan watan ya nuna cewa kashi na farko shine duba jaridun Masar, yayin da kashi na biyu a wannan ranar ya keɓe ga yara masu fama da Autism da yadda za a magance shi. Hakanan ya watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na Masar da shirye-shiryen ilimi, kuma kasancewarsa ranar tunawa da yakin 1973, hutun kasuwanci ya cika da waƙoƙi da saƙonnin murna na nasarar Masar. Tashar tana da shirye-shirye guda biyu na yamma. ''Free Zone'' (منطقة حرة) wani shiri ne na tattaunawa da dare. Akwai kuma ''The Canal Today'' (القنال اليوم). Duk shirye-shiryen suna da sauƙin daidaitawa don bukukuwan ƙasa na ƙasa, suna nuna bugu na musamman a waɗannan lokutan. Bugun ƙarshen shekara na waɗannan da sauran shirye-shirye sune abubuwan da suka fi daukar hankali a duk shekara. == Takaddama == A watan Janairun 2018, Maha Hassan, mai gabatar da shirin ''I Miss You Songs'' (أغاني وحشاني), wani shiri da aka sadaukar domin tsoffin wakokin Masar, ta fuskanci suka a shafukan sada zumunta saboda tufafin da take sakawa masu bayyana jiki, da kuma rigarta mai dauke da kalmomi a Turanci, wadanda suka karya ka'idojin gabatarwar ERTU/NMA. Abokan aikinta sun yi Allah wadai da salon gyaran jikinta, Naila Farouk. == Manazarta == 343rdex5lae1ziy5oq0ydtiqrt3telv 842858 842857 2026-05-29T22:45:43Z Engineer014 44591 842858 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar Canal''' ( [[Larabci]] : قناة القنال), wacce aka fi sani da '''Channel 4''' (القناة الثالثة), tana ɗaya daga cikin tashoshi shida na Hukumar Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai ta Ƙasa . Tashar ta samo asali ne daga Ismailia kuma tana mai da hankali kan ayyukanta a kan lardunan da ke yankin [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]], waɗanda suka shafi Alexandria, Al Buhayrah, Kudancin Sinai, da wasu sassan Matrouh . == Tarihi == Tashar ta fara watsa shirye-shirye a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 1988. Tun daga shekarar 2002, tashar tana watsa shirye-shirye na tsawon awanni 18 da mintuna 57 a kowace rana. Lokacin Ramadan na tashar a shekarar 2015 ya haɗa da maimaita shirye-shiryen Masar a lokacin azumi. A watan Oktoba na shekarar 2015, an ba da rahoton tashar ga watsa shirye-shiryen ''Nations of Morale'', wani shiri na Musulunci wanda Hesham Abdel Aziz ya gabatar. Babban shirin ya kasance ''Sabah Al-Mahrousa'', wanda aka ƙirƙira don tashoshin yankuna shida. Binciken bugu ɗaya a wannan watan ya nuna cewa kashi na farko shine duba jaridun Masar, yayin da kashi na biyu a wannan ranar ya keɓe ga yara masu fama da Autism da yadda za a magance shi. Hakanan ya watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na Masar da shirye-shiryen ilimi, kuma kasancewarsa ranar tunawa da yakin 1973, hutun kasuwanci ya cika da waƙoƙi da saƙonnin murna na nasarar Masar. Tashar tana da shirye-shirye guda biyu na yamma. ''Free Zone'' (منطقة حرة) wani shiri ne na tattaunawa da dare. Akwai kuma ''The Canal Today'' (القنال اليوم). Duk shirye-shiryen suna da sauƙin daidaitawa don bukukuwan ƙasa na ƙasa, suna nuna bugu na musamman a waɗannan lokutan. Bugun ƙarshen shekara na waɗannan da sauran shirye-shirye sune abubuwan da suka fi daukar hankali a duk shekara. == Takaddama == A watan Janairun 2018, Maha Hassan, mai gabatar da shirin ''I Miss You Songs'' (أغاني وحشاني), wani shiri da aka sadaukar domin tsoffin wakokin Masar, ta fuskanci suka a shafukan sada zumunta saboda tufafin da take sakawa masu bayyana jiki, da kuma rigarta mai dauke da kalmomi a Turanci, wadanda suka karya ka'idojin gabatarwar ERTU/NMA. Abokan aikinta sun yi Allah wadai da salon gyaran jikinta, Naila Farouk. == Manazarta == pfcq132fcrrrjky11gpww6ptx34b2kt 0 153253 842859 2026-05-29T22:47:54Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352848136|Convention of Constantinople]]" 842859 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yarjejeniyar Constantinople''' yarjejeniya ce da ta shafi amfani da [[Suez canal|mashigar Suez]] a [[Daular Usmaniyya|Khedivate ta Masar]] daular Usmaniyya ke mulki . An sanya hannu a ranar 29 ga Oktoba, 1888 ta hannun [[Hadaddiyar Masarautar Burtaniya Mai Girma da Ireland|Burtaniya]], Daular Jamus, Austria-Hungary, [[Ispaniya|Spain]], Faransa, [[Italiya]], [[Holand|Netherlands]], Daular Rasha da [[Daular Usmaniyya|Daular Ottoman]] . Khedivate ta Masar, wacce ta ratsa yankinta, kuma dukkan hannun jarinta a Kamfanin Suez Canal za su koma bayan yarjejeniyar lokacin da yarjejeniyar shekaru 99 da kamfanin ya yi don kula da mashigar ta ƙare, ba a gayyaci ta don shiga tattaunawar ba kuma ba ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar ba. Wadanda suka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar sun kunshi dukkan manyan kasashen [[Turai]] na wannan lokacin, kuma an fassara yarjejeniyar a matsayin tabbacin haƙƙin wucewar dukkan [[Jirgin Ruwa|jiragen ruwa]] ta hanyar Suez Canal a lokacin [[yaƙi]] da zaman lafiya . A cikin shekaru 74 na kasancewar sojojin Burtaniya a Masar, daga 1882 zuwa 1956, gwamnatin Burtaniya ta kasance tana da iko sosai kan magudanar ruwa. A shekarar 1956, gwamnatin Masar ta bai wa Kamfanin Magudanar Ruwa na Suez mallakar ƙasa. Yaƙe-yaƙen da za su faru a nan gaba tsakanin Masar da [[Isra'ila]] za su sa magudanar ruwa ta toshe kuma ba za a iya amfani da ita ba na tsawon lokaci. == Tarihi == A shekarar 1875, rikicin kuɗi ya sa Khedive na Masar, Isma'il the Magnificent, ya sayar da hannun jarin Masar a Kamfanin Suez Canal ga [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] . A shekarar 1879, Burtaniya da sauran manyan ƙasashe suka tilasta wa ɗansa, Tewfik Pasha, korar Isma'il da kuma maye gurbinsa da Khedive. Rashin gamsuwa da mulkin Tewfik ya haifar da Tawayen Orabi na 1881 daga jami'an sojojin ƙasa. Da yake fassara tawayen a matsayin wata barazana ga amfani da Suez Canal, Birtaniya ta shiga tsakani a fannin soji don goyon bayan Khedive da ke cikin mawuyacin hali. Nasarar da Birtaniya ta samu a Yaƙin Anglo-Masar da ya biyo baya ya sa [[Tarihin Masar a ƙarƙashin Burtaniya|Birtaniya ta sami iko]] a kan Masar, gami da Suez Canal. [[Faransa]], wacce a da ta mamaye magudanar ruwa kuma masu zuba jarinta har yanzu suna da rinjayen hannun jari a Kamfanin Suez Canal, ta yi fatan raunana ikon Birtaniya kuma ta yi ƙoƙarin karkatar da ra'ayin Turai don mayar da magudanar ruwa ta duniya. Faransa ta amince da wannan yarjejeniya amma, bisa ga dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa a wancan lokacin, ta lura cewa ta sanya yarjejeniyar a matsayin "sanarwa ta ilimi" wadda ba ta aiki a fannin fasaha. Ba a cire wannan yarjejeniya ba har sai da Entente Cordiale tsakanin Burtaniya da Faransa, inda yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki a shekarar 1904. Entente Cordiale ta tanadi cewa aikin kwamitin sa ido na ƙasa da ƙasa da aka bayyana a cikin Mataki na 8 zai "ci gaba da kasancewa a rufe." Duk da haka, tsawon shekaru 40 masu zuwa, ayyukan Birtaniya za su kasance cikin ruhin wannan yarjejeniya da aka yi watsi da ita. Gwamnatin Birtaniya ta amince da yarjejeniyar ba tare da son rai ba kuma kawai ta yi taka tsantsan:<blockquote>Wakilan Burtaniya, wajen gabatar da wannan rubutu a matsayin ƙa'ida ta ƙarshe don tabbatar da amfani da Suez Mashigin Ruwa kyauta, sun yi imanin cewa aikinsu ne su sanar da cikakken bayani game da amfani da tanade-tanaden da ke cikinsa muddin ba su dace da yanayin wucin gadi da na musamman da ake samun Masar a ciki ba, kuma gwargwadon yadda za su iya ɗaure 'yancin gwamnati a lokacin mamayar Masar da sojojin Birtaniya suka yi. </blockquote>Faransa ta amince da wannan yarjejeniya amma, bisa ga dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa a wancan lokacin, ta lura cewa ta sanya yarjejeniyar a matsayin "sanarwa ta ilimi" wadda ba ta aiki a fannin fasaha. Ba a cire wannan yarjejeniya ba har sai da Entente Cordiale tsakanin Burtaniya da Faransa, inda yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki a shekarar 1904. Entente Cordiale ta tanadi cewa aikin kwamitin sa ido na ƙasa da ƙasa da aka bayyana a cikin Mataki na 8 zai "ci gaba da kasancewa a rufe." Duk da haka, tsawon shekaru 40 masu zuwa, ayyukan Birtaniya za su kasance cikin ruhin wannan yarjejeniya da aka yi watsi da ita. A ranar 5 ga Agusta 1914, a farkon [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]], Masar, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Khedive Abbas Hilmi na Biyu, ta ayyana cewa za a buɗe magudanar ruwa ga jiragen ruwa na dukkan ƙasashe. Duk da haka, daga baya Burtaniya ta kori Abbas; ta maye gurbinsa da kawunsa, Hussein Kamel ; ta kuma ayyana sake kafa Masarautar Masar a matsayin matsugunin Birtaniya. Bayan haka, Birtaniya ta hana shiga magudanar ruwa zuwa jiragen ruwa na Tsakiyar Ƙasashen Duniya har tsawon lokacin yaƙin. Da take ambaton tsaron magudanar ruwa, Birtaniya ta yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye ikonta a cikin sanarwar da ta bayar ta gefe ɗaya. A ranar 5 ga Yuni 1967, a lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, Masar ta rufe kuma ta toshe magudanar ruwa da Isra'ila. Magudanar ruwa ta ci gaba da toshewa kuma ta rufe har zuwa lokacin Yaƙin Fashewa na 1968 zuwa 1970 da kuma Yaƙin Oktoba na 1973. Daga ƙarshe aka sake buɗe hanyar ruwan a ranar 10 ga Yuni 1975. Rundunar Sojoji da Masu Kula da Ƙasashen Duniya (MFO) mai jihohi 14 a halin yanzu tana kula da sharuɗɗan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya kan magudanar ruwa, wacce Hukumar Kula da Magudanar Ruwa ta Suez ta [[Misra|Jamhuriyar Larabawa ta Masar]] ke da ita kuma take kula da ita. A cewar ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa da ke kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa ta Magudanar Ruwa ta Suez, Masar ba za ta iya hana wani jirgin ruwa wucewa ta Magudanar ruwa ba idan babu yaƙi tsakanin Masar da wannan ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Majid Khadduri |date=Winter 1968 |title=Closure of the Suez to Israeli Shipping |url=https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol33/iss1/10/ |journal=Law and Contemporary Problems |publisher=Duke Law School |volume=33 |page=156}}</ref> == Manazarta == gcfr340sxd9frtap4n2c9tdzefxd6bi 842861 842859 2026-05-29T22:48:33Z Engineer014 44591 842861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yarjejeniyar Constantinople''' yarjejeniya ce da ta shafi amfani da [[Suez canal|mashigar Suez]] a [[Daular Usmaniyya|Khedivate ta Masar]] daular Usmaniyya ke mulki . An sanya hannu a ranar 29 ga Oktoba, 1888 ta hannun [[Hadaddiyar Masarautar Burtaniya Mai Girma da Ireland|Burtaniya]], Daular Jamus, Austria-Hungary, [[Ispaniya|Spain]], Faransa, [[Italiya]], [[Holand|Netherlands]], Daular Rasha da [[Daular Usmaniyya|Daular Ottoman]] . Khedivate ta Masar, wacce ta ratsa yankinta, kuma dukkan hannun jarinta a Kamfanin Suez Canal za su koma bayan yarjejeniyar lokacin da yarjejeniyar shekaru 99 da kamfanin ya yi don kula da mashigar ta ƙare, ba a gayyaci ta don shiga tattaunawar ba kuma ba ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar ba. Wadanda suka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar sun kunshi dukkan manyan kasashen [[Turai]] na wannan lokacin, kuma an fassara yarjejeniyar a matsayin tabbacin haƙƙin wucewar dukkan [[Jirgin Ruwa|jiragen ruwa]] ta hanyar Suez Canal a lokacin [[yaƙi]] da zaman lafiya . A cikin shekaru 74 na kasancewar sojojin Burtaniya a Masar, daga 1882 zuwa 1956, gwamnatin Burtaniya ta kasance tana da iko sosai kan magudanar ruwa. A shekarar 1956, gwamnatin Masar ta bai wa Kamfanin Magudanar Ruwa na Suez mallakar ƙasa. Yaƙe-yaƙen da za su faru a nan gaba tsakanin Masar da [[Isra'ila]] za su sa magudanar ruwa ta toshe kuma ba za a iya amfani da ita ba na tsawon lokaci. == Tarihi == A shekarar 1875, rikicin kuɗi ya sa Khedive na Masar, Isma'il the Magnificent, ya sayar da hannun jarin Masar a Kamfanin Suez Canal ga [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] . A shekarar 1879, Burtaniya da sauran manyan ƙasashe suka tilasta wa ɗansa, Tewfik Pasha, korar Isma'il da kuma maye gurbinsa da Khedive. Rashin gamsuwa da mulkin Tewfik ya haifar da Tawayen Orabi na 1881 daga jami'an sojojin ƙasa. Da yake fassara tawayen a matsayin wata barazana ga amfani da Suez Canal, Birtaniya ta shiga tsakani a fannin soji don goyon bayan Khedive da ke cikin mawuyacin hali. Nasarar da Birtaniya ta samu a Yaƙin Anglo-Masar da ya biyo baya ya sa [[Tarihin Masar a ƙarƙashin Burtaniya|Birtaniya ta sami iko]] a kan Masar, gami da Suez Canal. [[Faransa]], wacce a da ta mamaye magudanar ruwa kuma masu zuba jarinta har yanzu suna da rinjayen hannun jari a Kamfanin Suez Canal, ta yi fatan raunana ikon Birtaniya kuma ta yi ƙoƙarin karkatar da ra'ayin Turai don mayar da magudanar ruwa ta duniya. Faransa ta amince da wannan yarjejeniya amma, bisa ga dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa a wancan lokacin, ta lura cewa ta sanya yarjejeniyar a matsayin "sanarwa ta ilimi" wadda ba ta aiki a fannin fasaha. Ba a cire wannan yarjejeniya ba har sai da Entente Cordiale tsakanin Burtaniya da Faransa, inda yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki a shekarar 1904. Entente Cordiale ta tanadi cewa aikin kwamitin sa ido na ƙasa da ƙasa da aka bayyana a cikin Mataki na 8 zai "ci gaba da kasancewa a rufe." Duk da haka, tsawon shekaru 40 masu zuwa, ayyukan Birtaniya za su kasance cikin ruhin wannan yarjejeniya da aka yi watsi da ita. Gwamnatin Birtaniya ta amince da yarjejeniyar ba tare da son rai ba kuma kawai ta yi taka tsantsan:<blockquote>Wakilan Burtaniya, wajen gabatar da wannan rubutu a matsayin ƙa'ida ta ƙarshe don tabbatar da amfani da Suez Mashigin Ruwa kyauta, sun yi imanin cewa aikinsu ne su sanar da cikakken bayani game da amfani da tanade-tanaden da ke cikinsa muddin ba su dace da yanayin wucin gadi da na musamman da ake samun Masar a ciki ba, kuma gwargwadon yadda za su iya ɗaure 'yancin gwamnati a lokacin mamayar Masar da sojojin Birtaniya suka yi. </blockquote>Faransa ta amince da wannan yarjejeniya amma, bisa ga dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa a wancan lokacin, ta lura cewa ta sanya yarjejeniyar a matsayin "sanarwa ta ilimi" wadda ba ta aiki a fannin fasaha. Ba a cire wannan yarjejeniya ba har sai da Entente Cordiale tsakanin Burtaniya da Faransa, inda yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki a shekarar 1904. Entente Cordiale ta tanadi cewa aikin kwamitin sa ido na ƙasa da ƙasa da aka bayyana a cikin Mataki na 8 zai "ci gaba da kasancewa a rufe." Duk da haka, tsawon shekaru 40 masu zuwa, ayyukan Birtaniya za su kasance cikin ruhin wannan yarjejeniya da aka yi watsi da ita. A ranar 5 ga Agusta 1914, a farkon [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]], Masar, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Khedive Abbas Hilmi na Biyu, ta ayyana cewa za a buɗe magudanar ruwa ga jiragen ruwa na dukkan ƙasashe. Duk da haka, daga baya Burtaniya ta kori Abbas; ta maye gurbinsa da kawunsa, Hussein Kamel ; ta kuma ayyana sake kafa Masarautar Masar a matsayin matsugunin Birtaniya. Bayan haka, Birtaniya ta hana shiga magudanar ruwa zuwa jiragen ruwa na Tsakiyar Ƙasashen Duniya har tsawon lokacin yaƙin. Da take ambaton tsaron magudanar ruwa, Birtaniya ta yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye ikonta a cikin sanarwar da ta bayar ta gefe ɗaya. A ranar 5 ga Yuni 1967, a lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida, Masar ta rufe kuma ta toshe magudanar ruwa da Isra'ila. Magudanar ruwa ta ci gaba da toshewa kuma ta rufe har zuwa lokacin Yaƙin Fashewa na 1968 zuwa 1970 da kuma Yaƙin Oktoba na 1973. Daga ƙarshe aka sake buɗe hanyar ruwan a ranar 10 ga Yuni 1975. Rundunar Sojoji da Masu Kula da Ƙasashen Duniya (MFO) mai jihohi 14 a halin yanzu tana kula da sharuɗɗan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya kan magudanar ruwa, wacce Hukumar Kula da Magudanar Ruwa ta Suez ta [[Misra|Jamhuriyar Larabawa ta Masar]] ke da ita kuma take kula da ita. A cewar ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa da ke kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa ta Magudanar Ruwa ta Suez, Masar ba za ta iya hana wani jirgin ruwa wucewa ta Magudanar ruwa ba idan babu yaƙi tsakanin Masar da wannan ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Majid Khadduri |date=Winter 1968 |title=Closure of the Suez to Israeli Shipping |url=https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol33/iss1/10/ |journal=Law and Contemporary Problems |publisher=Duke Law School |volume=33 |page=156}}</ref> == Manazarta == lw4pxzi4tx7fsuamjqwkq2lj2usd6r3 0 153254 842862 2026-05-29T22:50:22Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1244344604|Mdloti River]]" 842862 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Rivers_of_south_KwaZulu-Natal.png|right|thumb|Kogin kudu na KwaZulu-Natal]] '''Kogin Mdloti''' ko '''kogin uMdloti''' yana gudana a lardin KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Bakin kogin Mdloti yana cikin eMdloti (wani ɓangare na eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality). Sunan '''Mdloti''' shine kalmar [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]] ta nau'in taba na daji da ke tsirowa a nan. == Manazarta == g1a26t7l8zi1zlg95x1gz45r5ogitx2 842863 842862 2026-05-29T22:51:50Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842863 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Rivers_of_south_KwaZulu-Natal.png|right|thumb|Kogin kudu na KwaZulu-Natal]] '''Kogin Mdloti''' ko '''kogin uMdloti''' yana gudana a lardin KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> Bakin kogin Mdloti yana cikin eMdloti (wani ɓangare na eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality). Sunan '''Mdloti''' shine kalmar [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]] ta nau'in taba na daji da ke tsirowa a nan.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> == Manazarta == ecwfegzitvglrwkh41f21zyde8ozuq4 842864 842863 2026-05-29T22:52:15Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Rivers_of_south_KwaZulu-Natal.png|right|thumb|Kogin kudu na KwaZulu-Natal]] '''Kogin Mdloti''' ko '''kogin uMdloti''' yana gudana a lardin KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> Bakin kogin Mdloti yana cikin eMdloti (wani ɓangare na eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality). Sunan '''Mdloti''' shine kalmar [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]] ta nau'in taba na daji da ke tsirowa a nan.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> == Manazarta == 4x25oprhvvocdpedu3cevaffxxa5soj 0 153255 842865 2026-05-29T22:56:43Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1290704139|Klip River (KwaZulu-Natal)]]" 842865 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Klip''' babban magudanar ruwa ne na Kogin Tugela a KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Kogin ya samo asali ne daga yammacin KwaZulu-Natal, da farko yana kwarara zuwa gabas sannan ya nufi kudu. Yana kwarara zuwa cikin [[Dam ɗin Windsor|madatsar ruwa ta Windsor]], sannan ya shiga babban [[Dam ɗin Qedusizi|madatsar ruwa ta Qedusizi]] kafin ya sake kwarara zuwa gabas. Kogin yana ratsawa ta Ladysmith kafin ya shiga Kogin Tugela. Na ɗan lokaci a tsakiyar ƙarni na 19, mazauna Boer sun ayyana ''Jamhuriyar Kogin Klip'' a yankin, kafin Turawan [[Birtaniya]] su mamaye shi. == Manazarta == Klip River (KwaZulu-Natal)Klip River (KwaZulu-Natal)Klip River (KwaZulu-Natal) {{Reflist}} df9iqswq3uahubptfv57h720u0a95xl 842866 842865 2026-05-29T22:57:08Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842866 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Klip''' babban magudanar ruwa ne na Kogin Tugela a KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Kogin ya samo asali ne daga yammacin KwaZulu-Natal, da farko yana kwarara zuwa gabas sannan ya nufi kudu. Yana kwarara zuwa cikin [[Dam ɗin Windsor|madatsar ruwa ta Windsor]], sannan ya shiga babban [[Dam ɗin Qedusizi|madatsar ruwa ta Qedusizi]] kafin ya sake kwarara zuwa gabas. Kogin yana ratsawa ta Ladysmith kafin ya shiga Kogin Tugela. Na ɗan lokaci a tsakiyar ƙarni na 19, mazauna Boer sun ayyana ''Jamhuriyar Kogin Klip'' a yankin, kafin Turawan [[Birtaniya]] su mamaye shi. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} phat16zmod8bcg0lbbrulrhj9r0z66o 842868 842866 2026-05-29T22:58:24Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842868 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Klip''' babban magudanar ruwa ne na Kogin Tugela a KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Kogin ya samo asali ne daga yammacin KwaZulu-Natal, da farko yana kwarara zuwa gabas sannan ya nufi kudu. Yana kwarara zuwa cikin [[Dam ɗin Windsor|madatsar ruwa ta Windsor]], sannan ya shiga babban [[Dam ɗin Qedusizi|madatsar ruwa ta Qedusizi]] kafin ya sake kwarara zuwa gabas. Kogin yana ratsawa ta Ladysmith kafin ya shiga Kogin Tugela.<ref>South Africa Road Atlas. MapStudio. {{ISBN|978-1-77026-154-9}}</ref> Na ɗan lokaci a tsakiyar ƙarni na 19, mazauna Boer sun ayyana ''Jamhuriyar Kogin Klip'' a yankin, kafin Turawan [[Birtaniya]] su mamaye shi. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} npj6hjnifwy7frdsrda8w19yay9yaoa 842869 842868 2026-05-29T22:59:12Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Klip''' babban magudanar ruwa ne na Kogin Tugela a KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Kogin ya samo asali ne daga yammacin KwaZulu-Natal, da farko yana kwarara zuwa gabas sannan ya nufi kudu. Yana kwarara zuwa cikin [[Dam ɗin Windsor|madatsar ruwa ta Windsor]], sannan ya shiga babban [[Dam ɗin Qedusizi|madatsar ruwa ta Qedusizi]] kafin ya sake kwarara zuwa gabas. Kogin yana ratsawa ta Ladysmith kafin ya shiga Kogin Tugela.<ref>South Africa Road Atlas. MapStudio. {{ISBN|978-1-77026-154-9}}</ref> Na ɗan lokaci a tsakiyar ƙarni na 19, mazauna Boer sun ayyana ''Jamhuriyar Kogin Klip'' a yankin, kafin Turawan [[Birtaniya]] su mamaye shi. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} irw8x0nnjj9acnzb2d991kfugajnsmz 0 153256 842867 2026-05-29T22:57:36Z AsmudEmpire 45212 Kirkira 842867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Lematia Ruth Molly Ondoru | image = Lematia Ruth Molly Ondoru.jpg | caption = Lematia Ruth Molly Ondoru | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1980|5|12}} | birth_place = Kisumu, Kenya | nationality = Ɗan ƙasar Kenya | occupation = Malama, 'yar siyasa, mai rajin al'umma | known_for = Wakilin matasa a Majalisar Dokoki ta Kenya | office = Memba ta Majalisar Dokoki ta Kenya | term_start = 2022 | party = Jubilee Party | alma_mater = Jami'ar Nairobi }} '''Lematia Ruth Molly Ondoru''' (an haife ta 12 Mayu 1980) malama ce, 'yar siyasa, da mai rajin al'umma daga Kenya. Ta zama sananniya musamman a matsayin wakilin matasa a Majalisar Dokoki ta Kenya, inda ta ke mai ƙoƙarin inganta ilimi, lafiya, da damammaki ga matasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.parliament.go.ke/node/3804 |title=Lematia Ruth Molly Ondoru |website=Parliament of Kenya |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Lematia Ondoru a garin '''Kisumu'''. Ta yi karatun firamare da sakandare a garinsu, sannan ta ci gaba da karatu a '''Jami'ar Nairobi''' inda ta sami digiri a fannin ilimi da kuma gudanarwa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.educationkenya.org/lematia-ondoru |title=Lematia Ondoru Profile |website=Education Kenya |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Bayan kammala karatunta, Ondoru ta yi aiki a matsayin malamar makaranta da kuma shugabar makarantu da dama a Kisumu da kewaye. Ta mai da hankali wajen koyar da matasa, musamman kan ilimin kimiyya da fasaha, da kuma gina ɗabi'u masu kyau.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kenyachildren.org/lematia-ondoru |title=Education and Youth Programs by Ondoru |website=Kenya Children |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Harkokin siyasa == A shekarar 2022, Lematia Ondoru ta samu nasarar zama memba a Majalisar Dokoki ta Kenya karkashin jam'iyyar '''Jubilee Party'''. A majalisa, ta mai da hankali wajen: * Ƙarfafa ilimi da fasaha ga matasa * Samar da ayyukan yi * Kare hakkin mata da matasa * Inganta harkokin lafiya da tsaro a yankin Kisumu<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.parliament.go.ke/node/3804 |title=Lematia Ruth Molly Ondoru |website=Parliament of Kenya |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Rajin al'umma == Ondoru ta kafa kungiyoyin taimako domin: * Tallafawa yara marasa galihu wajen ilimi * Horar da matasa kan fasaha da sana'o'i * Wayar da kan al'umma kan muhimmancin shugabanci da ɗabi'u masu kyau<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kenyacommunity.org/ondoru |title=Community Outreach by Ondoru |website=Kenya Community |access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Kenya]] == Manazarta == <references/> [[Category:1980 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Kenyan politicians]] [[Category:Women politicians]] [[Category:Kenyan educators]] [[Category:People from Kisumu]] jncsqffi4p2m6dbyj0ox8bmtf1fpsbm 0 153257 842870 2026-05-29T23:04:33Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330710461|Umzimkulu River]]" 842870 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mzimkulu''' kogi ne a Afirka ta Kudu. A da, Mzimkulu ta kasance wani ɓangare na kan iyaka tsakanin lardunan Eastern Cape da KwaZulu-Natal. A halin yanzu wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]] A ƙarshen watan Fabrairu na kowace shekara, kogin yana karɓar bakuncin ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun tseren kwale-kwale a Afirka ta Kudu, Challenge na Drak. == Kwas ==   Tana hawa a tsaunukan Drakensberg da ke arewacin Rhino Peak, inda tushen yake kan iyakar [[Lesotho]]. Tana kwarara kudu maso gabas zuwa Tekun Indiya, wanda take shiga ta cikin wani magudanar ruwa a Port Shepstone. Babban magudanar ruwanta ita ce [[Bisi River|Kogin Bisi]] wanda ya haɗu da gefen damansa kusan rabin hanyarsa. Garuruwan da ke kan Umzimkulu sun haɗa da Underberg da Umzimkhulu. == Ilimin Halittu == Kifin rawaya mai launin toka ''(Labeobarbus natalensis)'' kifi ne da ake samu a Tsarin Kogin Umzimkulu da kuma a cikin Umgeni, Umkomazi, Thukela da Umfolozi. Nau'i ne da aka fi sani da shi a lardin KwaZulu-Natal kuma yana zaune a wurare daban-daban tsakanin tsaunukan Drakensberg da ƙananan yankunan bakin teku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == Umzimkulu RiverUmzimkulu RiverUmzimkulu RiverUmzimkulu RiverUmzimkulu RiverUmzimkulu RiverUmzimkulu RiverUmzimkulu RiverUmzimkulu River d543d2k7cchshoulf8x3m4i5bxmhtny 842872 842870 2026-05-29T23:05:25Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842872 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mzimkulu''' kogi ne a Afirka ta Kudu. A da, Mzimkulu ta kasance wani ɓangare na kan iyaka tsakanin lardunan Eastern Cape da KwaZulu-Natal. A halin yanzu wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]] A ƙarshen watan Fabrairu na kowace shekara, kogin yana karɓar bakuncin ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun tseren kwale-kwale a Afirka ta Kudu, Challenge na Drak. == Kwas ==   Tana hawa a tsaunukan Drakensberg da ke arewacin Rhino Peak, inda tushen yake kan iyakar [[Lesotho]]. Tana kwarara kudu maso gabas zuwa Tekun Indiya, wanda take shiga ta cikin wani magudanar ruwa a Port Shepstone. Babban magudanar ruwanta ita ce [[Bisi River|Kogin Bisi]] wanda ya haɗu da gefen damansa kusan rabin hanyarsa. Garuruwan da ke kan Umzimkulu sun haɗa da Underberg da Umzimkhulu. == Ilimin Halittu == Kifin rawaya mai launin toka ''(Labeobarbus natalensis)'' kifi ne da ake samu a Tsarin Kogin Umzimkulu da kuma a cikin Umgeni, Umkomazi, Thukela da Umfolozi. Nau'i ne da aka fi sani da shi a lardin KwaZulu-Natal kuma yana zaune a wurare daban-daban tsakanin tsaunukan Drakensberg da ƙananan yankunan bakin teku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == bgs9lfwlfhph00032rrbc0rpbqsl4no 842874 842872 2026-05-29T23:07:23Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842874 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mzimkulu''' kogi ne a Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{cite book|title=Remarkable Flyfishing Destinations of Southern Africa|first=Malcolm |last=Meintjes|publisher=Struik|year= 2005|isbn=1-86872-976-1}}</ref> A da, Mzimkulu ta kasance wani ɓangare na kan iyaka tsakanin lardunan Eastern Cape da KwaZulu-Natal.<ref>[http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1816-79502009000500018&script=sci_arttext Is there a role for traditional governance systems in South Africa's new water management regime?]</ref> A halin yanzu wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]] A ƙarshen watan Fabrairu na kowace shekara, kogin yana karɓar bakuncin ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun tseren kwale-kwale a Afirka ta Kudu, Challenge na Drak.<ref>[http://www.drak.co.za Drak Challenge]</ref> == Kwas ==   Tana hawa a tsaunukan Drakensberg da ke arewacin Rhino Peak, inda tushen yake kan iyakar [[Lesotho]].<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> Tana kwarara kudu maso gabas zuwa Tekun Indiya, wanda take shiga ta cikin wani magudanar ruwa a Port Shepstone. Babban magudanar ruwanta ita ce [[Bisi River|Kogin Bisi]] wanda ya haɗu da gefen damansa kusan rabin hanyarsa. Garuruwan da ke kan Umzimkulu sun haɗa da Underberg da Umzimkhulu. == Ilimin Halittu == Kifin rawaya mai launin toka ''(Labeobarbus natalensis)'' kifi ne da ake samu a Tsarin Kogin Umzimkulu da kuma a cikin Umgeni, Umkomazi, Thukela da Umfolozi. Nau'i ne da aka fi sani da shi a lardin KwaZulu-Natal kuma yana zaune a wurare daban-daban tsakanin tsaunukan Drakensberg da ƙananan yankunan bakin teku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == 8l6dpezn0kl48kcxhngx7aogmg8myjl 842875 842874 2026-05-29T23:08:31Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Kwas */ 842875 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mzimkulu''' kogi ne a Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{cite book|title=Remarkable Flyfishing Destinations of Southern Africa|first=Malcolm |last=Meintjes|publisher=Struik|year= 2005|isbn=1-86872-976-1}}</ref> A da, Mzimkulu ta kasance wani ɓangare na kan iyaka tsakanin lardunan Eastern Cape da KwaZulu-Natal.<ref>[http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1816-79502009000500018&script=sci_arttext Is there a role for traditional governance systems in South Africa's new water management regime?]</ref> A halin yanzu wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]] A ƙarshen watan Fabrairu na kowace shekara, kogin yana karɓar bakuncin ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun tseren kwale-kwale a Afirka ta Kudu, Challenge na Drak.<ref>[http://www.drak.co.za Drak Challenge]</ref> == Kwas ==   Tana hawa a tsaunukan Drakensberg da ke arewacin Rhino Peak, inda tushen yake kan iyakar [[Lesotho]].<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> Tana kwarara kudu maso gabas zuwa Tekun Indiya, wanda take shiga ta cikin wani magudanar ruwa a Port Shepstone.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA11MvotuUmzimkulu.jpg Mvoti to Umzimkulu WMA 11]</ref> Babban magudanar ruwanta ita ce [[Bisi River|Kogin Bisi]] wanda ya haɗu da gefen damansa kusan rabin hanyarsa. Garuruwan da ke kan Umzimkulu sun haɗa da Underberg da Umzimkhulu. == Ilimin Halittu == Kifin rawaya mai launin toka ''(Labeobarbus natalensis)'' kifi ne da ake samu a Tsarin Kogin Umzimkulu da kuma a cikin Umgeni, Umkomazi, Thukela da Umfolozi. Nau'i ne da aka fi sani da shi a lardin KwaZulu-Natal kuma yana zaune a wurare daban-daban tsakanin tsaunukan Drakensberg da ƙananan yankunan bakin teku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == m42kebx81zjprjlotjud5364lm2fydo 842877 842875 2026-05-29T23:10:32Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842877 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Mzimkulu''' kogi ne a Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{cite book|title=Remarkable Flyfishing Destinations of Southern Africa|first=Malcolm |last=Meintjes|publisher=Struik|year= 2005|isbn=1-86872-976-1}}</ref> A da, Mzimkulu ta kasance wani ɓangare na kan iyaka tsakanin lardunan Eastern Cape da KwaZulu-Natal.<ref>[http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1816-79502009000500018&script=sci_arttext Is there a role for traditional governance systems in South Africa's new water management regime?]</ref> A halin yanzu wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]] A ƙarshen watan Fabrairu na kowace shekara, kogin yana karɓar bakuncin ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun tseren kwale-kwale a Afirka ta Kudu, Challenge na Drak.<ref>[http://www.drak.co.za Drak Challenge]</ref> == Kwas ==   Tana hawa a tsaunukan Drakensberg da ke arewacin Rhino Peak, inda tushen yake kan iyakar [[Lesotho]].<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> Tana kwarara kudu maso gabas zuwa Tekun Indiya, wanda take shiga ta cikin wani magudanar ruwa a Port Shepstone.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA11MvotuUmzimkulu.jpg Mvoti to Umzimkulu WMA 11]</ref> Babban magudanar ruwanta ita ce [[Bisi River|Kogin Bisi]] wanda ya haɗu da gefen damansa kusan rabin hanyarsa. Garuruwan da ke kan Umzimkulu sun haɗa da Underberg da Umzimkhulu. == Ilimin Halittu == Kifin rawaya mai launin toka ''(Labeobarbus natalensis)'' kifi ne da ake samu a Tsarin Kogin Umzimkulu da kuma a cikin Umgeni, Umkomazi, Thukela da Umfolozi. Nau'i ne da aka fi sani da shi a lardin KwaZulu-Natal kuma yana zaune a wurare daban-daban tsakanin tsaunukan Drakensberg da ƙananan yankunan bakin teku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == 5bvb4d55rsp4wpkk9i2sqexiegqbza1 0 153258 842876 2026-05-29T23:10:01Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Joseph Abiodun Balogun | image = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1955|1|1}} | birth_place = Najeriya | nationality = Dan Najeriya | fields = Physiotherapy, ilimin lafiya, binciken HIV/AIDS | workplaces = [[Chicago State University]], [[Obafemi Awolowo University]], [[University of Medical Sciences, Ondo]] | alma_mater = [[University of Ibadan]] | known_for = Gudummawa a fannin physiotherapy da shugabancin makarantu | awards = Fellow of the Nige... 842876 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Joseph Abiodun Balogun | image = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1955|1|1}} | birth_place = Najeriya | nationality = Dan Najeriya | fields = Physiotherapy, ilimin lafiya, binciken HIV/AIDS | workplaces = [[Chicago State University]], [[Obafemi Awolowo University]], [[University of Medical Sciences, Ondo]] | alma_mater = [[University of Ibadan]] | known_for = Gudummawa a fannin physiotherapy da shugabancin makarantu | awards = Fellow of the Nigerian Academy of Science (FAS) }} '''Joseph Abiodun Balogun''' ɗan Najeriya ne masani a fannin ilimin lafiya, farfesa kuma ƙwararren masani a fannin ''physiotherapy''. Ya yi suna wajen bincike da koyarwa a fannin lafiyar jiki, ergonomics, da binciken cutar HIV/AIDS. Ya kuma riƙe manyan muƙamai a jami’o’i daban-daban a Najeriya da ƙasashen waje.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unimed.edu.ng/staff-profile/jbalogun |title=Joseph Abiodun Balogun Staff Profile |publisher=University of Medical Sciences, Ondo |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da karatu == An haifi Joseph Abiodun Balogun a ranar 1 ga watan Janairu shekara ta 1955 a Najeriya. Ya yi karatunsa na farko a Najeriya kafin ya samu digiri daga [[University of Ibadan]]. Daga baya ya tafi Amurka inda ya ci gaba da karatun digiri na biyu da digirin digirgir.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.legit.ng/1273663-joseph-balogun-nigerian-academic-versed-administrative-experiences.html |title=Joseph Balogun: Nigerian academic with versed administrative experiences |publisher=Legit.ng |date=11 November 2019 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Aiki == Balogun ya fara aikinsa a matsayin physiotherapist a asibitin Mubi General Hospital bayan kammala bautar ƙasa ta NYSC a shekarar 1978. A lokacin ne ya taimaka wajen kafa sashen physiotherapy na farko a tsohuwar jihar Gongola.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Abiodun_Balogun |title=Joseph Abiodun Balogun |website=Wikipedia |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Daga baya ya yi aiki a [[Obafemi Awolowo University]] da ke Ile-Ife inda ya zama mai ba da shawara a fannin physiotherapy sannan mataimakin shugaban sashen ilimin lafiya. Ya kuma koyar a jami’o’i daban-daban ciki har da [[Chicago State University]], [[Texas Woman's University]], da [[State University of New York Health Science Center Brooklyn]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Abiodun_Balogun |title=Joseph Abiodun Balogun |website=Wikipedia |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A tsakanin shekarun 1999 zuwa 2013 ya kasance shugaban kwalejin lafiya ta Chicago State University inda ya kafa cibiyar binciken HIV/AIDS domin magance matsalolin da suka shafi cutar.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.legit.ng/1273663-joseph-balogun-nigerian-academic-versed-administrative-experiences.html |title=Joseph Balogun: Nigerian academic with versed administrative experiences |publisher=Legit.ng |date=11 November 2019 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2017 jami’ar [[University of Medical Sciences, Ondo]] ta naɗa shi a matsayin ''Emeritus Professor'' saboda gudummawar da ya bayar wajen bunƙasa ilimin physiotherapy a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nigeriaphysio.net/en/About-Us/PhysioNews-and-Other-News/News-Details?newsid=71&printview=1 |title=Balogun Appointed Emeritus Professor at UNIMED |publisher=Nigeria Physiotherapy Network |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Bincike da wallafe-wallafe == Joseph Balogun ya wallafa littattafai, babi-babin littattafai da kuma muƙalu masu yawa a mujallu na kimiyya musamman a fannonin: * Physiotherapy * Ergonomics * HIV behavioral research * Ilimin lafiyar jama'a Bincikensa ya samu karɓuwa a duniya, kuma an yi amfani da ayyukansa wajen inganta koyarwar physiotherapy da tsarin ilimin lafiya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unimed.edu.ng/staff-profile/jbalogun |title=Joseph Abiodun Balogun Staff Profile |publisher=University of Medical Sciences, Ondo |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2024 ya wallafa littafin ''Reimagining Nigeria’s Educational System'' wanda ya tattauna hanyoyin gyara tsarin ilimi a Najeriya ta hanyar amfani da gwaje-gwaje na zamani da tsare-tsaren kimiyya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://resolve.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/joseph-abiodun-balogun-reimagining-nigerias-educational-system-improving-academic-performance-through-high-stakes-standardized-testing-abingdon-routledge-2024-328-pp-illustrations-4399-paper-isbn-9781032483160/704D26DF65CED79C66DB36CD26829D1B |title=Review of Reimagining Nigeria’s Educational System |publisher=Cambridge University Press |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo == Balogun ya samu lambobin yabo da dama saboda gudummawar da yake bayarwa a fannin kimiyya da ilimin lafiya. Ya zama: * Fellow of the Nigerian Academy of Science (FAS) * Fellow of the Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy * Fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine * Fellow of the Royal Society for Public Health<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Abiodun_Balogun |title=Joseph Abiodun Balogun |website=Wikipedia |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://www.unimed.edu.ng/staff-profile/jbalogun Staff Profile at UNIMED] * [https://www.legit.ng/1273663-joseph-balogun-nigerian-academic-versed-administrative-experiences.html Joseph Balogun profile on Legit.ng] {{DEFAULTSORT:Balogun, Joseph Abiodun}} [[Category:Masana kimiyyar Najeriya]] [[Category:Farfesoshi na Najeriya]] [[Category:Masu binciken lafiya]] [[Category:Physiotherapists]] [[Category:1955 births]] [[Category:Living people]] rzuzirvruh0yoykc6v3zolztsth5re3 0 153259 842878 2026-05-29T23:14:58Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355417823|White Umfolozi River]]" 842878 wikitext text/x-wiki Kogin White Umfolozi ya samo asali ne a yammacin Vryheid, KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma yana da haɗuwa da Kogin Black Umfolozi a 28°20′58′′S 31°58′46′′E / 28.34944°S 31.97944°E / -28.34944; 31.9794 don samar da Kogin Umfolozi, wanda ke gudana zuwa gabas da kuma zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]]. == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * [[Jerin madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanar ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu * [[Jerin Wuraren Gudanarwa na Ruwa|Yankunan Gudanar da Ruwa]] == Manazarta == White Umfolozi RiverWhite Umfolozi RiverWhite Umfolozi RiverWhite Umfolozi River re3wgxnrk5hz1zkzfveqt4lf7q51t4q 842879 842878 2026-05-29T23:15:18Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842879 wikitext text/x-wiki Kogin White Umfolozi ya samo asali ne a yammacin Vryheid, KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma yana da haɗuwa da Kogin Black Umfolozi a 28°20′58′′S 31°58′46′′E / 28.34944°S 31.97944°E / -28.34944; 31.9794 don samar da Kogin Umfolozi, wanda ke gudana zuwa gabas da kuma zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]]. == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * [[Jerin madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanar ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu * [[Jerin Wuraren Gudanarwa na Ruwa|Yankunan Gudanar da Ruwa]] == Manazarta == 82mr0y2bocau1eurq1w92q95q1ydl5a 842882 842879 2026-05-29T23:16:43Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842882 wikitext text/x-wiki Kogin White Umfolozi ya samo asali ne a yammacin Vryheid, KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma yana da haɗuwa da Kogin Black Umfolozi a 28°20′58′′S 31°58′46′′E / 28.34944°S 31.97944°E / -28.34944; 31.9794 don samar da Kogin Umfolozi, wanda ke gudana zuwa gabas da kuma zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Morris |first=Donald R |title=The Washing Of The Spears : The Rise and Fall of the Zulu Nation Under Shaka and Its Fall in the Zulu War of 1879 |publisher=Vintage Digital |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-4464-2608-1 |location=London |pages=553 |language=English}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * [[Jerin madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanar ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu * [[Jerin Wuraren Gudanarwa na Ruwa|Yankunan Gudanar da Ruwa]] == Manazarta == m58zkc5v23xkqp3uk29c1pl49iivhox 842884 842882 2026-05-29T23:18:21Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842884 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Kogin White Umfolozi ya samo asali ne a yammacin Vryheid, KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma yana da haɗuwa da Kogin Black Umfolozi a 28°20′58′′S 31°58′46′′E / 28.34944°S 31.97944°E / -28.34944; 31.9794 don samar da Kogin Umfolozi, wanda ke gudana zuwa gabas da kuma zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Morris |first=Donald R |title=The Washing Of The Spears : The Rise and Fall of the Zulu Nation Under Shaka and Its Fall in the Zulu War of 1879 |publisher=Vintage Digital |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-4464-2608-1 |location=London |pages=553 |language=English}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * [[Jerin madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanar ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu * [[Jerin Wuraren Gudanarwa na Ruwa|Yankunan Gudanar da Ruwa]] == Manazarta == 3kfq2b07pbjsxhjeaipjguzjsxumste 0 153260 842880 2026-05-29T23:16:06Z AsmudEmpire 45212 Kirkira 842880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Rena Wakama | honorific_suffix = OON | image = | caption = Rena Wakama a shekarar 2024 | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1992|4|11}} | birth_place = Raleigh, North Carolina, Amurka | nationality = Ɗan ƙasar Najeriya | occupation = Kociyar ƙwallon kwando, tsohuwar 'yar wasa | known_for = Kociya ta farko mace da ta lashe FIBA Women's AfroBasket tare da Najeriya | team = D'Tigress (Najeriya) | office = Babbar Kociyar D'Tigress | term_start = 2023 | alma_mater = Western Carolina University, Manhattan College }} '''Rena Wakama''' OON (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1992) tsohuwar 'yar wasan ƙwallon kwando ce kuma kociya daga Najeriya. Ita ce babbar kociyar ƙungiyar mata ta ƙasar Najeriya ta ƙwallon kwando, '''D'Tigress'''. Ta yi fice bayan ta zama mace ta farko da ta jagoranci Najeriya zuwa lashe gasar '''FIBA Women's AfroBasket''' a shekarar 2023. :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0} A gasar '''Olympics ta Paris 2024''', Wakama ta jagoranci D'Tigress zuwa zagayen kwata fainal, lamarin da ya sanya Najeriya zama ƙasa ta farko daga Afirka (mata ko maza) da ta kai wannan mataki a tarihin gasar ƙwallon kwando ta Olympics. Daga baya FIBA ta ba ta lambar yabo ta '''Best Coach of the Tournament'''. :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1} == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Wakama a birnin '''Raleigh''' na jihar North Carolina a Amurka. Iyayenta, Johnson Wakama da Rosana Oba, 'yan asalin garin Okrika ne a Jihar Rivers, Najeriya. Ta yi karatu a '''Western Carolina University''' inda ta samu digiri a fannin ''Therapeutic Recreation'', sannan ta sami digiri na biyu (MBA) daga '''Manhattan College'''. :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2} == Aikin wasa == Yayin da take jami'a, Wakama ta buga wa ƙungiyar '''Western Carolina Catamounts''' wasa na tsawon shekaru huɗu. Bayan kammala karatu, ta shiga ƙungiyar mata ta Najeriya, D'Tigress, inda ta wakilci ƙasar a gasar AfroBasket ta mata ta 2015. Ta kuma taka leda a matakin ƙwararru a Birtaniya. :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3} == Aikin horarwa == Wakama ta fara aikin horarwa a '''Manhattan College''' a Amurka, inda ta yi aiki a fannoni daban-daban kafin ta zama mataimakiyar kociya. Daga baya ta yi aiki a '''Stony Brook University''' da '''Tulane University''' a matsayin mataimakiyar kociya. :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4} A watan Yuni 2023, '''Nigeria Basketball Federation (NBBF)''' ta naɗa ta a matsayin babbar kociyar D'Tigress. A wannan shekarar, ta jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa lashe kofin AfroBasket, inda ta zama mace ta farko da ta lashe gasar a matsayin babbar kociya. :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5} == Nasarori == * Lashe '''FIBA Women's AfroBasket 2023''' tare da Najeriya. * Jagorantar Najeriya zuwa kwata fainal a '''Olympics ta Paris 2024'''. * Samun lambar yabo ta '''FIBA Best Coach''' a Olympics ta Paris 2024. * Jagorantar Najeriya zuwa ci gaba da zama zakarar Afirka a gasar AfroBasket ta mata. :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6} == Karramawa == Bayan nasarorin da ta samu tare da D'Tigress, gwamnatin Najeriya ta ba Wakama lambar girmamawa ta ƙasa ta '''Officer of the Order of the Niger (OON)'''. :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7} == Duba kuma == * [[D'Tigress]] * [[Nigeria women's national basketball team]] * [[FIBA Women's AfroBasket]] * [[2024 Summer Olympics]] == Manazarta == <references/> [[Category:1992 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian basketball coaches]] [[Category:Nigerian women's basketball players]] [[Category:Sportspeople from Rivers State]] [[Category:Women basketball coaches]] [[Category:Olympic basketball coaches]] h2y5l3vjmj44bvppkcodyrggjdojx4v 842891 842880 2026-05-29T23:33:28Z AsmudEmpire 45212 Gya 842891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Rena Wakama | image = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1992|4|11}} | birth_place = Raleigh, North Carolina, Amurka | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Kociyar ƙwallon kwando | known_for = Babbar kociyar D'Tigress }} '''Rena Wakama''' (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 1992) ƙwararriyar kociyar ƙwallon kwando ce kuma tsohuwar 'yar wasan ƙwallon kwando daga Najeriya. Ta shahara bayan an naɗa ta a matsayin babbar kociyar ƙungiyar mata ta ƙwallon kwando ta Najeriya, '''D'Tigress''', a shekarar 2023. Ta zama mace ta farko da ta jagoranci wata ƙasa zuwa lashe gasar '''FIBA Women's AfroBasket''' a matsayin babbar kociya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stonybrookathletics.com/news/2023/7/26/womens-basketball-assistant-coach-rene-wakama-named-head-coach-for-nigeria-national-womens-basketball-team|title=Women's Basketball Assistant Coach Rena Wakama Guides Nigeria Women’s National Team to Their Fourth FIBA AfroBasket Title|publisher=Stony Brook Athletics}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Wakama a Raleigh da ke jihar North Carolina ta ƙasar Amurka. Iyayenta 'yan asalin ƙaramar hukumar Okrika ce a Jihar Rivers, Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rena_Wakama|title=Rena Wakama|website=Wikipedia}}</ref> Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Western Carolina inda ta samu digiri a fannin ''Therapeutic Recreation''. Daga baya ta samu digiri na biyu (MBA) daga Manhattan College.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/basketball/story/dtigress-nbbf-appoint-rena-wakama-as-head-coach-ahead-of-2023-fiba-womens-afrobasket-2023063011290221925|title=D'Tigress: NBBF appoint Rena Wakama as Head Coach ahead of 2023 FIBA Women’s AfroBasket|publisher=Pulse Sports Nigeria}}</ref> == Aikin wasa == Wakama ta taka leda a lokacin da take karatu a Western Carolina University inda ta wakilci ƙungiyar makarantar tsawon shekaru huɗu. Bayan kammala karatu ta shiga ƙungiyar mata ta Najeriya, D'Tigress. Haka kuma ta taka leda a ƙungiyar First Bank ta Najeriya tare da wakiltar ƙasar a wasu gasa na nahiyar Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.naijanews.com/2023/08/07/who-is-dtigress-rena-wakama-first-female-coach-to-win-afrobasket/|title=Who Is D'Tigress' Rena Wakama, First Female Coach To Win AfroBasket?|publisher=Naija News}}</ref> == Aikin horaswa == Wakama ta fara aikin horaswa a Manhattan College inda ta yi aiki a matsayin daraktar ayyukan ƙungiyar mata kafin daga baya ta zama mataimakiyar kociya. Ta kuma yi aiki a Stony Brook University a matsayin mataimakiyar kociya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stonybrookathletics.com/news/2023/7/26/womens-basketball-assistant-coach-rene-wakama-named-head-coach-for-nigeria-national-womens-basketball-team|title=Women's Basketball Assistant Coach Rena Wakama Guides Nigeria Women’s National Team to Their Fourth FIBA AfroBasket Title|publisher=Stony Brook Athletics}}</ref> A watan Yunin shekarar 2023, Hukumar Ƙwallon Kwando ta Najeriya (NBBF) ta naɗa ta a matsayin babbar kociyar D'Tigress.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/basketball/story/dtigress-nbbf-appoint-rena-wakama-as-head-coach-ahead-of-2023-fiba-womens-afrobasket-2023063011290221925|title=D'Tigress: NBBF appoint Rena Wakama as Head Coach ahead of 2023 FIBA Women’s AfroBasket|publisher=Pulse Sports Nigeria}}</ref> == Nasarori == A gasar '''FIBA Women's AfroBasket ta 2023''' da aka gudanar a Kigali, Rwanda, Wakama ta jagoranci D'Tigress zuwa lashe kofin karo na huɗu a jere bayan doke Senegal da ci 84–74 a wasan ƙarshe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/basketball/story/dtigress-rena-wakama-leads-nigeria-to-beat-senegal-84-74-for-4th-straight-womens-afrobasket-title-2023080517430651952|title=D'Tigress: Rena Wakama leads Nigeria to beat Senegal 84-74 for 4th straight Women's Afrobasket title|publisher=Pulse Sports Nigeria}}</ref> Wannan nasara ta sa ta zama mace ta farko da ta lashe gasar a matsayin babbar kociya tun bayan fara gasar a shekarar 1966.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stonybrookathletics.com/news/2023/7/26/womens-basketball-assistant-coach-rene-wakama-named-head-coach-for-nigeria-national-womens-basketball-team|title=Wakama Becomes First Female Head Coach in History to Win FIBA AfroBasket Title|publisher=Stony Brook Athletics}}</ref> A gasar Olympics ta Paris 2024, ta jagoranci Najeriya zuwa tarihin kaiwa zagayen kwata fainal, abin da babu wata ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando daga Afirka — maza ko mata — da ta taɓa cimmawa a tarihin gasar Olympics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rena_Wakama|title=Rena Wakama|website=Wikipedia}}</ref> Bayan wannan nasara, ƙungiyar FIBA ta ba ta lambar yabo ta '''Mafi Kyawun Kociya''' a gasar Olympics ta Paris 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rena_Wakama|title=Rena Wakama|website=Wikipedia}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo == * Zakaran FIBA Women's AfroBasket 2023. * Mace ta farko da ta lashe AfroBasket a matsayin babbar kociya. * Mafi Kyawun Kociya a Gasar Olympics ta Paris 2024. * Jagorantar Najeriya zuwa zagayen kwata fainal na Olympics a karon farko a tarihin Afirka. == Duba kuma == * [[D'Tigress]] * [[FIBA Women's AfroBasket]] * [[Nigeria Basketball Federation]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1992 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian basketball coaches]] [[Category:Nigerian basketball players]] [[Category:People from Rivers State]] [[Category:Nigerian sportswomen]] t435szdsodsc0l4w54z0ky67axflnil 0 153261 842881 2026-05-29T23:16:26Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: '''John Omoniyi Abiri''' malami ne kuma masani ɗan Najeriya wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasa ɳ̩ilimi da harkokin koyarwa a Najeriya. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun malaman fannin ilimin koyarwa da ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a jami’o’in Najeriya, musamman a [[University of Ibadan]] da [[University of Ilorin]]. Haka kuma ya kasance shugaban gargajiya mai sarautar '''Obapero of Abiri'''.<ref>“Men You Should Know: John Omoniyi Abiri”, Connect Nigeria, 2... 842881 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Omoniyi Abiri''' malami ne kuma masani ɗan Najeriya wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasa ɳ̩ilimi da harkokin koyarwa a Najeriya. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun malaman fannin ilimin koyarwa da ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a jami’o’in Najeriya, musamman a [[University of Ibadan]] da [[University of Ilorin]]. Haka kuma ya kasance shugaban gargajiya mai sarautar '''Obapero of Abiri'''.<ref>“Men You Should Know: John Omoniyi Abiri”, Connect Nigeria, 26 Yuni 2022.</ref> == Haihuwa da karatu == An haifi John Omoniyi Abiri a ranar 9 ga Yuni, 1937 a garin Ile-Ife na jihar Osun, Najeriya.<ref>Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation (BLERF), “ABIRI, Prof. John Omoniyi Ola”.</ref> Ya yi karatun firamare a makarantar St. Phillips School da ke Ile-Ife sannan ya halarci Oduduwa College, Ile-Ife inda ya samu takardar shaidar West African School Certificate da sakamako mai kyau a shekarar 1955.<ref>Connect Nigeria, 2022.</ref> Bayan ɗan lokaci yana aiki a ma’aikatar gwamnatin tarayya da kuma koyarwa a Ife Grammar School, ya samu gurbin karatu a University College, Ibadan a shekarar 1957 kuma ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1961.<ref>BusinessDay NG, “A Tribute to the Legacy of Prof. John Omoniyi Abiri”, 20 Agusta 2024.</ref> Abiri ya samu digirin BA daga jami’ar University of London a shekarar 1961, sannan ya samu digirin M.Ed daga [[University of Birmingham]] a Birtaniya a shekarar 1965. Haka kuma ya samu PGCE da PhD daga [[University of Ibadan]].<ref>Connect Nigeria, 2022.</ref> == Aiki == Bayan kammala digirinsa na farko, Abiri ya fara aiki a matsayin malami a Ife Grammar School tsakanin 1961 zuwa 1962.<ref>BLERF.</ref> Daga baya ya shiga [[University of Ibadan]] a matsayin Research Fellow sannan ya zama Assistant Lecturer har ya kai matsayin Reader (Associate Professor).<ref>BusinessDay NG, 2024.</ref> A tsakanin shekarun 1973 zuwa 1974 ya kasance Visiting Senior Fellow a Institute of Education na University of London.<ref>Connect Nigeria, 2022.</ref> Bayan haka ya zama shugaban farko na sashen ilimi da kuma Dean na Faculty of Education a Jos Campus na University of Ibadan.<ref>BLERF.</ref> A shekarar 1976 ya koma [[University of Ilorin]] inda ya zama shugaban farko na Faculty of Education. Ya taimaka wajen kafa shirye-shiryen karatu da tsarin koyarwa a jami’ar.<ref>University of Ilorin, “Abiri family endows scholarship at UNILORIN to immortalise late educationist”, 2025.</ref> Haka kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Resident Electoral Commissioner a jihohi daban-daban na Najeriya tsakanin shekarun 1987 zuwa 1993.<ref>Connect Nigeria, 2022.</ref> == Rubuce-rubuce == John Omoniyi Abiri ya wallafa littattafai da dama a fannin ilimi da adabin Yarbanci. Daga cikin fitattun ayyukansa akwai: * ''Moremi: An Epic of Feminine Heroism'' * ''Moremi: Itan Akoni Obinrin'' * ''Perspectives on History of Education in Nigeria'' Ya kuma wallafa muƙalu masu yawa a mujallu na ilimi.<ref>BLERF.</ref> == Sarauta == A shekarar 1981, Ooni na Ife ya ba shi sarautar '''Baapitan of Ife''' wadda ke nufin babban masani tarihin Ife.<ref>Connect Nigeria, 2022.</ref> Daga baya kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin '''Obapero of Abiri''' a shekarar 2010.<ref>BusinessDay NG, 2024.</ref> == Girmamawa == An san Abiri a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun malaman Najeriya a fannin ilimi. Ya horas da ɗalibai da dama na digirin digirgir waɗanda daga baya suka zama farfesoshi.<ref>BusinessDay NG, 2024.</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Majiyoyi == * Connect Nigeria. “Men You Should Know: John Omoniyi Abiri.” 26 Yuni 2022. * BusinessDay NG. “A Tribute to the Legacy of Prof. John Omoniyi Abiri: An Elder Statesman Par Excellence.” 20 Agusta 2024. * University of Ilorin. “Abiri family endows scholarship at UNILORIN to immortalise late educationist.” 2025. * Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation (BLERF). “ABIRI, Prof. John Omoniyi Ola.”ɳ̩ 5g151wwvrwny8qsxes5b313qljq94jf 0 153262 842886 2026-05-29T23:23:22Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Joseph Adebowale Atanda | image = | birth_date = {{birth date|1932|1|2}} | death_date = {{death date and age|1996|12|6|1932|1|2}} | birth_place = Eruwa, Oyo State, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin tarihi | known_for = Nazarin tarihin Yarbawa da Daular Oyo | alma_mater = Jami'ar London, Jami'ar Ibadan }} '''Joseph Adebowale Atanda''' (2 Janairu 1932 – 6 Disamba 1996) fitaccen farfesan tarihi ne daga Najeriya wa... 842886 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Joseph Adebowale Atanda | image = | birth_date = {{birth date|1932|1|2}} | death_date = {{death date and age|1996|12|6|1932|1|2}} | birth_place = Eruwa, Oyo State, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin tarihi | known_for = Nazarin tarihin Yarbawa da Daular Oyo | alma_mater = Jami'ar London, Jami'ar Ibadan }} '''Joseph Adebowale Atanda''' (2 Janairu 1932 – 6 Disamba 1996) fitaccen farfesan tarihi ne daga Najeriya wanda ya shahara wajen bincike da rubuce-rubuce kan tarihin Yarbawa, Daular Oyo da kuma tarihin Afirka baki ɗaya. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana tarihin Najeriya na ƙarni na 20.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://africanstudies.uchicago.edu/2014/04/17/j-a-atanda-memorial-lecture-welcomes-toyin-falola/ |title=J.A. Atanda Memorial Lecture Welcomes Toyin Falola |publisher=University of Chicago Committee on African Studies |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Atanda a garin Eruwa da ke jihar Oyo a Najeriya. Ya yi karatun digiri na farko a fannin Tarihi a Jami'ar London inda ya kammala a shekarar 1964. Daga baya ya samu digirin digirgir (PhD) a Tarihi daga Jami'ar Ibadan a shekarar 1967.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/atanda-life-cannot-fully-told/ |title=Atanda: A life that cannot be fully told |website=The Nation Newspaper |date=2017-11-24 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Joseph Adebowale Atanda ya yi aiki a Jami'ar Ibadan daga shekarar 1967 har zuwa ritayarsa a 1991. A lokacin aikinsa ya koyar da Tarihin Afirka musamman tarihin Yarbawa da tsarin mulkin Daular Oyo. Haka kuma ya yi karatu da koyarwa a wasu jami'o'i da dama ciki har da Makerere University da ke Uganda da kuma University of Chicago a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://africanstudies.uchicago.edu/2014/04/17/j-a-atanda-memorial-lecture-welcomes-toyin-falola/ |title=J.A. Atanda Memorial Lecture Welcomes Toyin Falola |publisher=University of Chicago Committee on African Studies |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Ya kuma taba koyarwa a Ogun State University da University College of Belize.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Adebowale_Atanda |title=Joseph Adebowale Atanda |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Gudummawa ga tarihin Yarbawa == Atanda ya yi fice wajen bincike kan tarihin Yarbawa, musamman yadda mulkin mallaka ya sauya tsarin siyasa da zamantakewa a yankin Oyo. Littafinsa mai suna ''The New Oyo Empire: Indirect Rule and Change in Western Nigeria, 1894–1934'' ya zama ɗaya daga cikin muhimman littattafan da ake amfani da su wajen nazarin tarihin Yarbawa da Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/?p=1103109 |title=Body announces prize for best essay on Yoruba |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=2020-02-02 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Har ila yau, ya rubuta ''An Introduction to Yoruba History'', wanda ya taimaka wajen fahimtar asalin Yarbawa da ci gaban al'adunsu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/160749 |title=An introduction to Yoruba history / J.A. Atanda |publisher=National Library of Australia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Muƙaman gwamnati == Baya ga aikin ilimi, Atanda ya taba rike mukamai daban-daban a gwamnatin jihar Oyo da tsohuwar Western State. Daga cikin mukaman da ya rike akwai: * Kwamishinan Kananan Hukumomi da Harkokin Sarauta * Kwamishinan Lafiya * Kwamishinan Kudi da Tsare-tsaren Tattalin Arziki Ya kuma jagoranci wasu kwamitoci da hukumomi masu alaka da ilimi da tarihi a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Adebowale_Atanda |title=Joseph Adebowale Atanda |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Littattafai == Daga cikin sanannun littattafan Atanda akwai: * ''The New Oyo Empire: Indirect Rule and Change in Western Nigeria, 1894–1934'' (1973) * ''An Introduction to Yoruba History'' (1980) * ''Baptist Churches in Nigeria: Accounts of their Foundation and Growth'' (1988) <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1971430859856331837 |title=The new Oyo empire : indirect rule and change in Western Nigeria, 1894-1934 |publisher=CiNii Research |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Girmamawa == Bayan rasuwarsa, masana tarihi da cibiyoyin ilimi sun ci gaba da tunawa da gudummawar da ya bayar ga tarihin Afirka da Yarbawa. A shekarar 2017, Olabisi Onabanjo University tare da wasu cibiyoyi suka shirya babban taro domin girmama rayuwarsa da ayyukansa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thesun.ng/we-have-rich-heritage-in-yoruba-culture-language-fatunde/ |title=We have rich heritage in Yoruba culture, language – Fatunde |website=The Sun Nigeria |date=2018-01-18 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1932 births]] [[Category:1996 deaths]] [[Category:Nigerian historians]] [[Category:Yoruba historians]] [[Category:University of Ibadan alumni]] [[Category:Academic staff of the University of Ibadan]] [[Category:People from Oyo State]] ```0 6svpmrsotswxhomxb2o7m7c2mrh3e8p 0 153263 842887 2026-05-29T23:29:19Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348778884|Umgeni River]]" 842887 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Howick_falls3.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Kogin Umgeni da ke ƙasa da ruwan Howick a yankin KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, an ɗauki hotonsa a lokacin rani]] '''Kogin Umgeni''' ko '''Kogin Mgeni''' (Zulu: uMngeni) kogi ne a KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana tashi a cikin "Dargle" a cikin KZN Midlands, kuma bakinsa yana [[Durban]], wani ɗan nisa arewa da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Durban. An yarda cewa sunan yana nufin "kogin shiga" a [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]], kodayake an yi nuni da wasu ma'anoni. Kogin yana da tsawon kimanin {{Convert|232|km}} tsayi tare da yankin magudanar ruwa na {{Convert|4432|km2}}. Ruwan Howick wasu shahararrun magudanan ruwa ne a kan Mngeni. == Magudanar ruwa == Wani abin lura a cikin kogin Msunduzi shi ne kogin Msunduzi, wanda ke haɗuwa da shi tsakanin madatsun ruwa na Nagle da Inanda. A saman hanyarsa, Msunduzi (ko 'Dusi' a takaice) yana ratsawa ta Pietermaritzburg, babban birnin KwaZulu-Natal. Shahararren tseren kwale-kwale na Dusi Canoe yana gudana tsakanin babban birnin da Durban, yana jan hankalin dubban masu tukin kwale-kwale don taron kwanaki uku da ake gudanarwa kowace shekara a watan Janairu. Wani ƙaramin magudanar ruwa da ke da tasiri fiye da girmansa da tsawonsa shine Kogin Lions wanda ya haɗu da Umgeni kimanin kilomita 4 daga [[Dam ɗin Midmar|madatsar ruwan Midmar]] (kusa da Lidgetton). Muhimmancinsa ya ta'allaka ne da cewa wani ɓangare ne na tsarin canja wurin ruwa tsakanin Kogin Mooi (Madatsar Ruwan Spring Grove) da Umgeni. Ƙaramin magudanar ruwa kusa da bakinsa ita ce {{Convert|26|km|mi|-long}} Kogin Palmiet, wanda bai kamata a haɗa shi da Kogin Palmiet da ke Yammacin Cape ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palmiet Nature Reserve Flooding |url=http://www.palmiet.za.net/flooding.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724141321/http://www.palmiet.za.net/flooding.htm |archive-date=2011-07-24 |access-date=2012-03-12}}</ref> == Dams == A halin yanzu Umgeni wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]]. Akwai manyan madatsun ruwa guda huɗu a cikin kwarin ruwansa: * [[Dam din Albert Falls|Madatsar Ruwa ta Albert Falls]] * Dam ɗin Inanda * [[Dam ɗin Midmar|Midmar Dam]] * Madatsar Ruwa ta Nagle == Ilimin Halittu == Kifin Scaly Yellowfish ( ''Labeobarbus natalensis'') kifi ne da ake samu a Tsarin Kogin Umgeni da kuma a cikin [[Umzimkhulu River|Umzimkhulu]], Thukela, [[Umkhomazi River|Umkhomazi]] da Umfolozi. Nau'i ne da aka fi sani da shi a lardin KwaZulu-Natal kuma yana zaune a wurare daban-daban tsakanin tsaunukan Drakensberg da ƙananan yankunan bakin teku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Agunbiade |first=Foluso O. |last2=Moodley |first2=Brenda |date=2014-07-16 |title=Pharmaceuticals as emerging organic contaminants in Umgeni River water system, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-3926-z |journal=Environmental Monitoring and Assessment |volume=186 |issue=11 |pages=7273–7291 |bibcode=2014EMnAs.186.7273A |doi=10.1007/s10661-014-3926-z |issn=0167-6369 |pmid=25027777 |s2cid=25955776 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Tarihi == Ana kyautata zaton Vasco da Gama ya cika magudanar ruwan rundunarsa a bakin Umgeni a ranar Kirsimeti, 1497, don haka ya sanya wa yankin suna Natal, [[Harshen Portuguese|wato na Portugal]] don Kirsimeti. Daga nan kogin ya sami sunan "Kogin Natal". Bayan shekaru 130, Nathaniel Isaacs ya ketare Umgeni a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa [[Shaka zulu|Shaka]]. A wani lokaci kafin watan Oktoba 1825, mazauna da 'yan asalin ƙasar ƙarƙashin jagorancin Francis Farewell suka fara gina Fort Banquet tsakanin Kogin uMngeni da Port Natal. [[Fayil:Umgeni_river_mouth,_21-Aug-2011.jpg|right|thumb|Kogin Umgeni (Blue Lagoon) da kuma ƙasan kogin, tare da Umgeni Business Park, Umgeni Park, Morningside, Moses Mabhida Stadium, Umgeni River Tsuntsaye Park da Burman Bush.]] == Duba kuma == * Wurin Shakatawa na Tsuntsaye na Kogin Umgeni * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * [[Jerin madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin madatsun ruwa da madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == Umgeni RiverZulu: uMngeni) isUmgeni RiverZulu: uMngeni) isUmgeni RiverZulu: uMngeni) isUmgeni RiverZulu: uMngeni) isUmgeni RiverZulu: uMngeni) isZulu: uMngeni) isUmgeni RiverZulu: uMngeni) is {{Reflist}} ovhx7xovzsruk8qwxg4n37skwittz1d 842888 842887 2026-05-29T23:29:43Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842888 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Howick_falls3.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Kogin Umgeni da ke ƙasa da ruwan Howick a yankin KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, an ɗauki hotonsa a lokacin rani]] '''Kogin Umgeni''' ko '''Kogin Mgeni''' (Zulu: uMngeni) kogi ne a KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana tashi a cikin "Dargle" a cikin KZN Midlands, kuma bakinsa yana [[Durban]], wani ɗan nisa arewa da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Durban. An yarda cewa sunan yana nufin "kogin shiga" a [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]], kodayake an yi nuni da wasu ma'anoni. Kogin yana da tsawon kimanin {{Convert|232|km}} tsayi tare da yankin magudanar ruwa na {{Convert|4432|km2}}. Ruwan Howick wasu shahararrun magudanan ruwa ne a kan Mngeni. == Magudanar ruwa == Wani abin lura a cikin kogin Msunduzi shi ne kogin Msunduzi, wanda ke haɗuwa da shi tsakanin madatsun ruwa na Nagle da Inanda. A saman hanyarsa, Msunduzi (ko 'Dusi' a takaice) yana ratsawa ta Pietermaritzburg, babban birnin KwaZulu-Natal. Shahararren tseren kwale-kwale na Dusi Canoe yana gudana tsakanin babban birnin da Durban, yana jan hankalin dubban masu tukin kwale-kwale don taron kwanaki uku da ake gudanarwa kowace shekara a watan Janairu. Wani ƙaramin magudanar ruwa da ke da tasiri fiye da girmansa da tsawonsa shine Kogin Lions wanda ya haɗu da Umgeni kimanin kilomita 4 daga [[Dam ɗin Midmar|madatsar ruwan Midmar]] (kusa da Lidgetton). Muhimmancinsa ya ta'allaka ne da cewa wani ɓangare ne na tsarin canja wurin ruwa tsakanin Kogin Mooi (Madatsar Ruwan Spring Grove) da Umgeni. Ƙaramin magudanar ruwa kusa da bakinsa ita ce {{Convert|26|km|mi|-long}} Kogin Palmiet, wanda bai kamata a haɗa shi da Kogin Palmiet da ke Yammacin Cape ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palmiet Nature Reserve Flooding |url=http://www.palmiet.za.net/flooding.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724141321/http://www.palmiet.za.net/flooding.htm |archive-date=2011-07-24 |access-date=2012-03-12}}</ref> == Dams == A halin yanzu Umgeni wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]]. Akwai manyan madatsun ruwa guda huɗu a cikin kwarin ruwansa: * [[Dam din Albert Falls|Madatsar Ruwa ta Albert Falls]] * Dam ɗin Inanda * [[Dam ɗin Midmar|Midmar Dam]] * Madatsar Ruwa ta Nagle == Ilimin Halittu == Kifin Scaly Yellowfish ( ''Labeobarbus natalensis'') kifi ne da ake samu a Tsarin Kogin Umgeni da kuma a cikin [[Umzimkhulu River|Umzimkhulu]], Thukela, [[Umkhomazi River|Umkhomazi]] da Umfolozi. Nau'i ne da aka fi sani da shi a lardin KwaZulu-Natal kuma yana zaune a wurare daban-daban tsakanin tsaunukan Drakensberg da ƙananan yankunan bakin teku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Agunbiade |first=Foluso O. |last2=Moodley |first2=Brenda |date=2014-07-16 |title=Pharmaceuticals as emerging organic contaminants in Umgeni River water system, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-3926-z |journal=Environmental Monitoring and Assessment |volume=186 |issue=11 |pages=7273–7291 |bibcode=2014EMnAs.186.7273A |doi=10.1007/s10661-014-3926-z |issn=0167-6369 |pmid=25027777 |s2cid=25955776 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Tarihi == Ana kyautata zaton Vasco da Gama ya cika magudanar ruwan rundunarsa a bakin Umgeni a ranar Kirsimeti, 1497, don haka ya sanya wa yankin suna Natal, [[Harshen Portuguese|wato na Portugal]] don Kirsimeti. Daga nan kogin ya sami sunan "Kogin Natal". Bayan shekaru 130, Nathaniel Isaacs ya ketare Umgeni a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa [[Shaka zulu|Shaka]]. A wani lokaci kafin watan Oktoba 1825, mazauna da 'yan asalin ƙasar ƙarƙashin jagorancin Francis Farewell suka fara gina Fort Banquet tsakanin Kogin uMngeni da Port Natal. [[Fayil:Umgeni_river_mouth,_21-Aug-2011.jpg|right|thumb|Kogin Umgeni (Blue Lagoon) da kuma ƙasan kogin, tare da Umgeni Business Park, Umgeni Park, Morningside, Moses Mabhida Stadium, Umgeni River Tsuntsaye Park da Burman Bush.]] == Duba kuma == * Wurin Shakatawa na Tsuntsaye na Kogin Umgeni * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * [[Jerin madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin madatsun ruwa da madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 9k8tr31mil3ufj52arpy1isydqjjy87 842889 842888 2026-05-29T23:30:26Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Howick_falls3.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Kogin Umgeni da ke ƙasa da ruwan Howick a yankin KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, an ɗauki hotonsa a lokacin rani]] '''Kogin Umgeni''' ko '''Kogin Mgeni''' (Zulu: uMngeni) kogi ne a KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana tashi a cikin "Dargle" a cikin KZN Midlands, kuma bakinsa yana [[Durban]], wani ɗan nisa arewa da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Durban. An yarda cewa sunan yana nufin "kogin shiga" a [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]], kodayake an yi nuni da wasu ma'anoni. Kogin yana da tsawon kimanin {{Convert|232|km}} tsayi tare da yankin magudanar ruwa na {{Convert|4432|km2}}. Ruwan Howick wasu shahararrun magudanan ruwa ne a kan Mngeni. == Magudanar ruwa == Wani abin lura a cikin kogin Msunduzi shi ne kogin Msunduzi, wanda ke haɗuwa da shi tsakanin madatsun ruwa na Nagle da Inanda. A saman hanyarsa, Msunduzi (ko 'Dusi' a takaice) yana ratsawa ta Pietermaritzburg, babban birnin KwaZulu-Natal. Shahararren tseren kwale-kwale na Dusi Canoe yana gudana tsakanin babban birnin da Durban, yana jan hankalin dubban masu tukin kwale-kwale don taron kwanaki uku da ake gudanarwa kowace shekara a watan Janairu. Wani ƙaramin magudanar ruwa da ke da tasiri fiye da girmansa da tsawonsa shine Kogin Lions wanda ya haɗu da Umgeni kimanin kilomita 4 daga [[Dam ɗin Midmar|madatsar ruwan Midmar]] (kusa da Lidgetton). Muhimmancinsa ya ta'allaka ne da cewa wani ɓangare ne na tsarin canja wurin ruwa tsakanin Kogin Mooi (Madatsar Ruwan Spring Grove) da Umgeni. Ƙaramin magudanar ruwa kusa da bakinsa ita ce {{Convert|26|km|mi|-long}} Kogin Palmiet, wanda bai kamata a haɗa shi da Kogin Palmiet da ke Yammacin Cape ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palmiet Nature Reserve Flooding |url=http://www.palmiet.za.net/flooding.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724141321/http://www.palmiet.za.net/flooding.htm |archive-date=2011-07-24 |access-date=2012-03-12}}</ref> == Dams == A halin yanzu Umgeni wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]]. Akwai manyan madatsun ruwa guda huɗu a cikin kwarin ruwansa: * [[Dam din Albert Falls|Madatsar Ruwa ta Albert Falls]] * Dam ɗin Inanda * [[Dam ɗin Midmar|Midmar Dam]] * Madatsar Ruwa ta Nagle == Ilimin Halittu == Kifin Scaly Yellowfish ( ''Labeobarbus natalensis'') kifi ne da ake samu a Tsarin Kogin Umgeni da kuma a cikin [[Umzimkhulu River|Umzimkhulu]], Thukela, [[Umkhomazi River|Umkhomazi]] da Umfolozi. Nau'i ne da aka fi sani da shi a lardin KwaZulu-Natal kuma yana zaune a wurare daban-daban tsakanin tsaunukan Drakensberg da ƙananan yankunan bakin teku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Agunbiade |first=Foluso O. |last2=Moodley |first2=Brenda |date=2014-07-16 |title=Pharmaceuticals as emerging organic contaminants in Umgeni River water system, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-3926-z |journal=Environmental Monitoring and Assessment |volume=186 |issue=11 |pages=7273–7291 |bibcode=2014EMnAs.186.7273A |doi=10.1007/s10661-014-3926-z |issn=0167-6369 |pmid=25027777 |s2cid=25955776 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Tarihi == Ana kyautata zaton Vasco da Gama ya cika magudanar ruwan rundunarsa a bakin Umgeni a ranar Kirsimeti, 1497, don haka ya sanya wa yankin suna Natal, [[Harshen Portuguese|wato na Portugal]] don Kirsimeti. Daga nan kogin ya sami sunan "Kogin Natal". Bayan shekaru 130, Nathaniel Isaacs ya ketare Umgeni a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa [[Shaka zulu|Shaka]]. A wani lokaci kafin watan Oktoba 1825, mazauna da 'yan asalin ƙasar ƙarƙashin jagorancin Francis Farewell suka fara gina Fort Banquet tsakanin Kogin uMngeni da Port Natal. [[Fayil:Umgeni_river_mouth,_21-Aug-2011.jpg|right|thumb|Kogin Umgeni (Blue Lagoon) da kuma ƙasan kogin, tare da Umgeni Business Park, Umgeni Park, Morningside, Moses Mabhida Stadium, Umgeni River Tsuntsaye Park da Burman Bush.]] == Duba kuma == * Wurin Shakatawa na Tsuntsaye na Kogin Umgeni * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * [[Jerin madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin madatsun ruwa da madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} o3ot6i6ycuxfia1kxioiqn6i8g2u37s 0 153264 842892 2026-05-29T23:36:45Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1231976670|Umbilo River]]" 842892 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Construction_of_Umbilo_River_Bridge.jpg|thumb|Gina Gadar Kogin Umbilo ( {{Start date and age|1877|07}} )]] '''Kogin Umbilo''' kogi ne da ke KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Kogin yana tashi a Kloof a yammacin birnin Durban kuma bakin kogin yana tashar jiragen ruwa [[Durban|ta Durban]]. Kogin Umbilo yana cikin ayyukan da ake yi na kiyaye hanyoyin D'Moss na Durban Metro da kuma kiyaye su. == Matsalolin Muhalli == A shekarar 2015, mazauna yankin sun koka game da gurɓatar kogin a tsawon shekaru biyu da suka gabata, ciki har da mummunan wari da canjin launi zuwa "shuɗi mai launin shuɗi". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tsinde |first=Sanelisiwe |date=2015-11-08 |title=Umbilo River turns blue |url=https://highwaymail.co.za/205084/umbilo-river-turns-blue/ |access-date=2022-06-01 |publisher=Highway Mail}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na 2020, an gano yawan ƙwayoyin cuta na E. coli a cikin kogin, saboda matsala a tashar famfon [[Cire abubuwan gina jiki|najasa]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Majola |first=Nokulunga |date=2020-10-12 |title=Environmentalists raise concern over polluted Durban river |url=https://www.groundup.org.za/article/environmentalists-raise-concerns-over-polluted-durban-river/ |access-date=2022-06-01}}</ref> Mako guda bayan haka, lita 100,000 na [[Danyen mai|ɗanyen mai]] ya zuɓe a cikin Kogin Umbilo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rall |first=Se-Anne |date=2020-10-20 |title=LOOK: Thousands of litres of crude oil spills into Umbilo River |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/kwazulu-natal/look-thousands-of-litres-of-crude-oil-spills-into-umbilo-river-d870bb74-2d16-4b5d-8d0c-1f80e6257010 |access-date=2022-06-01}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Majola |first=Nokulunga |date=2020-10-21 |title=Massive oil spill in Umbilo River |url=https://www.groundup.org.za/article/massive-oil-spill-umbilo-river/ |access-date=2022-06-01}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2020, [[Greenpeace]] Africa da ƙungiyar al'umma ta uMbilo River Watch sun fara wata ƙara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pillay |first=Delwyn |date=2020-07-08 |title=STOP the ECOCIDE of the uMbilo River |url=https://www.vuma.earth/petitions/stop-the-ecocide-of-the-umbilo-river |access-date=2022-06-01 |website=vuma.earth}}</ref> don dakatar da gurɓataccen iska. <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=2020-07-17 |title=Greenpeace volunteers demand end to ecocide of uMbilo River |url=https://bereamail.co.za/241728/greenpeace-volunteers-demand-end-to-ecocide-of-umbilo-river/ |access-date=2022-06-01 |website=Berea Mail}}</ref> == Manazarta == Umbilo RiverUmbilo RiverZulu: uMngeni) isZulu: uMngeni) isUmbilo RiverZulu: uMngeni) isUmbilo RiverZulu: uMngeni) is {{Reflist}} 6i7r0vhylyelse5eo9j6ysbz28lq69a 842893 842892 2026-05-29T23:38:05Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842893 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Construction_of_Umbilo_River_Bridge.jpg|thumb|Gina Gadar Kogin Umbilo ( {{Start date and age|1877|07}} )]] '''Kogin Umbilo''' kogi ne da ke KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Kogin yana tashi a Kloof a yammacin birnin Durban kuma bakin kogin yana tashar jiragen ruwa [[Durban|ta Durban]]. Kogin Umbilo yana cikin ayyukan da ake yi na kiyaye hanyoyin D'Moss na Durban Metro da kuma kiyaye su. == Matsalolin Muhalli == A shekarar 2015, mazauna yankin sun koka game da gurɓatar kogin a tsawon shekaru biyu da suka gabata, ciki har da mummunan wari da canjin launi zuwa "shuɗi mai launin shuɗi". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tsinde |first=Sanelisiwe |date=2015-11-08 |title=Umbilo River turns blue |url=https://highwaymail.co.za/205084/umbilo-river-turns-blue/ |access-date=2022-06-01 |publisher=Highway Mail}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na 2020, an gano yawan ƙwayoyin cuta na E. coli a cikin kogin, saboda matsala a tashar famfon [[Cire abubuwan gina jiki|najasa]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Majola |first=Nokulunga |date=2020-10-12 |title=Environmentalists raise concern over polluted Durban river |url=https://www.groundup.org.za/article/environmentalists-raise-concerns-over-polluted-durban-river/ |access-date=2022-06-01}}</ref> Mako guda bayan haka, lita 100,000 na [[Danyen mai|ɗanyen mai]] ya zuɓe a cikin Kogin Umbilo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rall |first=Se-Anne |date=2020-10-20 |title=LOOK: Thousands of litres of crude oil spills into Umbilo River |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/kwazulu-natal/look-thousands-of-litres-of-crude-oil-spills-into-umbilo-river-d870bb74-2d16-4b5d-8d0c-1f80e6257010 |access-date=2022-06-01}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Majola |first=Nokulunga |date=2020-10-21 |title=Massive oil spill in Umbilo River |url=https://www.groundup.org.za/article/massive-oil-spill-umbilo-river/ |access-date=2022-06-01}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2020, [[Greenpeace]] Africa da ƙungiyar al'umma ta uMbilo River Watch sun fara wata ƙara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pillay |first=Delwyn |date=2020-07-08 |title=STOP the ECOCIDE of the uMbilo River |url=https://www.vuma.earth/petitions/stop-the-ecocide-of-the-umbilo-river |access-date=2022-06-01 |website=vuma.earth}}</ref> don dakatar da gurɓataccen iska. <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=2020-07-17 |title=Greenpeace volunteers demand end to ecocide of uMbilo River |url=https://bereamail.co.za/241728/greenpeace-volunteers-demand-end-to-ecocide-of-umbilo-river/ |access-date=2022-06-01 |website=Berea Mail}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 0e3586y88ggsrkhqwm0zpblepfm5rwf 842894 842893 2026-05-29T23:39:20Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842894 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Construction_of_Umbilo_River_Bridge.jpg|thumb|Gina Gadar Kogin Umbilo ( {{Start date and age|1877|07}} )]] '''Kogin Umbilo''' kogi ne da ke KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Kogin yana tashi a Kloof a yammacin birnin Durban kuma bakin kogin yana tashar jiragen ruwa [[Durban|ta Durban]]. Kogin Umbilo yana cikin ayyukan da ake yi na kiyaye hanyoyin D'Moss na Durban Metro da kuma kiyaye su. == Matsalolin Muhalli == A shekarar 2015, mazauna yankin sun koka game da gurɓatar kogin a tsawon shekaru biyu da suka gabata, ciki har da mummunan wari da canjin launi zuwa "shuɗi mai launin shuɗi". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tsinde |first=Sanelisiwe |date=2015-11-08 |title=Umbilo River turns blue |url=https://highwaymail.co.za/205084/umbilo-river-turns-blue/ |access-date=2022-06-01 |publisher=Highway Mail}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na 2020, an gano yawan ƙwayoyin cuta na E. coli a cikin kogin, saboda matsala a tashar famfon [[Cire abubuwan gina jiki|najasa]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Majola |first=Nokulunga |date=2020-10-12 |title=Environmentalists raise concern over polluted Durban river |url=https://www.groundup.org.za/article/environmentalists-raise-concerns-over-polluted-durban-river/ |access-date=2022-06-01}}</ref> Mako guda bayan haka, lita 100,000 na [[Danyen mai|ɗanyen mai]] ya zuɓe a cikin Kogin Umbilo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rall |first=Se-Anne |date=2020-10-20 |title=LOOK: Thousands of litres of crude oil spills into Umbilo River |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/kwazulu-natal/look-thousands-of-litres-of-crude-oil-spills-into-umbilo-river-d870bb74-2d16-4b5d-8d0c-1f80e6257010 |access-date=2022-06-01}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Majola |first=Nokulunga |date=2020-10-21 |title=Massive oil spill in Umbilo River |url=https://www.groundup.org.za/article/massive-oil-spill-umbilo-river/ |access-date=2022-06-01}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2020, [[Greenpeace]] Africa da ƙungiyar al'umma ta uMbilo River Watch sun fara wata ƙara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pillay |first=Delwyn |date=2020-07-08 |title=STOP the ECOCIDE of the uMbilo River |url=https://www.vuma.earth/petitions/stop-the-ecocide-of-the-umbilo-river |access-date=2022-06-01 |website=vuma.earth}}</ref> don dakatar da gurɓataccen iska. <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=2020-07-17 |title=Greenpeace volunteers demand end to ecocide of uMbilo River |url=https://bereamail.co.za/241728/greenpeace-volunteers-demand-end-to-ecocide-of-umbilo-river/ |access-date=2022-06-01 |website=Berea Mail}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 7psfjpc8ymd9d0z2frfllnhdxqp8905 0 153265 842896 2026-05-29T23:46:50Z AsmudEmpire 45212 Kirkira 842896 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Florence Banku Obi | image = Florence Banku Obi.jpg | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = Najeriya | nationality = Namanijeriya | occupation = Malamar jami’a, shugabar jami’a | known_for = Mata ta farko da ta zama Vice-Chancellor na Jami’ar Calabar (UNICAL) }} '''Florence Banku Obi''' fitacciyar malamar jami’a ce daga Najeriya wadda ta shahara a fannin ilimi da shugabancin jami’a. An fi saninta da zama mace ta farko da ta rike mukamin ''Vice-Chancellor'' a Jami’ar Calabar (UNICAL), wacce take a jihar Cross River, Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko == Babu cikakkun bayanai da aka fi sani sosai game da yarinta da farkon rayuwarta a fili, amma an san ta ta fito daga Najeriya kuma ta yi karatun ta na gaba da sakandare har zuwa matakin digiri a fannin ilimi. == Karatu == Florence Obi ta yi karatu a fannin ilimi (Education) inda ta kware musamman a bangaren koyarwa da bincike a jami’a. Ta samu digiri na farko, na biyu da kuma na uku (PhD) a fannoni da suka shafi ilimi. == Ayyukan aiki == Ta fara aikinta ne a matsayin malama a jami’a, inda ta yi bincike da koyarwa tsawon shekaru masu yawa. Daga baya ta hau mukamai daban-daban na shugabanci a cikin jami’a. A shekarar 2020, an nada ta matsayin Vice-Chancellor na Jami’ar Calabar (UNICAL), abin da ya sa ta zama mace ta farko da ta taba rike wannan mukami a tarihin jami’ar. == Gudummawa == Florence Obi ta bayar da gudummawa sosai a fannin: * Inganta tsarin ilimi a Najeriya * Bincike kan koyarwa da ci gaban dalibai * Shugabanci a jami’o’i * Ƙarfafa mata a fannin ilimi == Nasarori == * Mace ta farko Vice-Chancellor na UNICAL * Jagora a fannin ilimin jami’a a Najeriya * Gudummawa ga manufofin ilimi a matakin kasa == Manazarta == <references> <ref>{{cite web|last1=Dornago|first1=Doris|date=|title=Why should countries in conflict prioritize education for 250 million children?|url=https://www.englishforums.com/news/prioritize-education-countries-conflict/|archive-url=|archive-date=|website=Englishforums.Com|publisher=|accessdate=September 18, 2020}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jami’ar Calabar * Ilimi a Najeriya * Shugabancin jami’o’i a Najeriya 81txmj6vy54o1z57v8nycdfy9twnywg 0 153266 842898 2026-05-29T23:56:33Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353784697|Tugela River]]" 842898 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Tugela''' shine kogi mafi girma a KwaZulu, Afirka ta Kudu. Tsawonsa ya kai jimillar {{Cvt|560|km}}, da kuma digo na 1 Mita 370 a ƙasan 480&nbsp;km, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Key rivers of South Africa - MyFundi |url=http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710162812/http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |archive-date=2012-07-10 |access-date=2024-05-15}}</ref> yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan koguna na ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Key rivers of South Africa |url=http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710162812/http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |archive-date=2012-07-10 |publisher=MyFundi}}</ref> Kogin ya samo asali ne daga Mont-aux-Sources wasu manyan koguna guda biyu na Afirka ta Kudu, [[Kogin Orange|Orange]] da [[Kogin Caledon|Caledon River]]. Daga jerin Drakensberg, Tugela yana bin {{Cvt|560|km|mi}} hanyar da ta ratsa tsakiyar yankin KwaZulu-Natal kafin ta kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]]. <ref name="DWAF-ThukelaWMA-A">{{Cite web |date=July 2004 |title=Proposal to establishment a Catchment Management Agency for the Thukela Water Management Area - Appendix A |url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Documents/Other/CMA/Thukela/ThukelaAppendixA2.pdf |access-date=2008-10-21 |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Forestry}}</ref> Jimillar yankin da za a iya kama ruwa ya kai kimanin {{Cvt|29100|km2|mi2}}. <ref name="DWAF-ThukelaWMA-A" /> Amfani da ƙasa a yankin magudanar ruwa galibi noma ne na rayuwa a karkara da kuma gandun daji na kasuwanci. == Magudanar ruwa == [[Fayil:Crossing_the_Tugela_River_-_1898-9.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Birtaniya sun ketare kogin a lokacin Yaƙin Boer na Biyu]] Tugela yana samun ruwan kogin da ke fitowa daga Drakensberg, mafi girma shine [[Kogin Buffalo (KwaZulu-Natal)|Kogin Mzinyathi ("Buffalo")]] (yana tashi kusa da Tudun Majuba). Sauran sun haɗa da [[Little Tugela River|Kogin Little Tugela]], [[Kogin Klip (KwaZulu-Natal)|Kogin Klip]] (yana tashi kusa da [[Van Reenen Pass]] ), [[Kogin Mooi (Tugela)|Kogin Mooi]], [[Kogin Jini|Kogin Blood]], [[Sundays River (KwaZulu-Natal)|Kogin Sundays]] (yana tashi a Biggarsberg) [[Ingagani River|Kogin Ingagani]] da [[Kogin Bushman]]. <ref name="DWAF-ThukelaWMA-A">{{Cite web |date=July 2004 |title=Proposal to establishment a Catchment Management Agency for the Thukela Water Management Area - Appendix A |url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Documents/Other/CMA/Thukela/ThukelaAppendixA2.pdf |access-date=2008-10-21 |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Forestry}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Documents/Other/CMA/Thukela/ThukelaAppendixA2.pdf "Proposal to establishment a Catchment Management Agency for the Thukela Water Management Area - Appendix A"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. July 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> Kogin Buffalo ya haɗu da Tugela kimanin {{Cvt|19|km|mi|0}} gabas da Jirgin Ruwa na Tugela a An sanya wa [[Yakin kogin jini|Kogin Blood]] suna ne ta hannun 'yan Boers, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Andries Pretorius, bayan sun kayar da sarkin Zulu Dingane a ranar 16 ga watan Disamba, 1838. An ce kogin ya yi ja da jinin mayaƙan Zulu. A ƙarƙashin Kogin Blood akwai Rorke's Drift, wurin tsallakawa da kuma wurin yaƙi, a Yaƙin Anglo-Zulu. == Ilimin Halittu == Ana samun kifin rawaya mai launin scaly ''(Labeobarbus natalensis)'' a cikin Tsarin Kogin Tugela. Kifi ne da aka fi sani da shi a lardin KwaZulu-Natal kuma ana samunsa a wurare daban-daban tsakanin tsaunukan Drakensberg da ƙananan wurare na bakin teku, gami da koguna kamar Umkomazi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> == Rubutu == An yi amfani da rubutun ''Tugela'' a mafi yawan ƙarni na ashirin; sigar Anglicised ce ta sunan Zulu ''Thukela''. Marubutan ƙarni na sha tara sun yi amfani da nau'ikan haruffa daban-daban, ciki har da: * Isaacs (1836) ya yi amfani da wasu kalmomi daban-daban a cikin littafinsa, ''Travels and Adventures in Eastern Africa,'' ciki har da ''Ootergale'' da ''Ootoogale''. * CR Maclean (John Ross), yana rubutu a cikin ''Mujallar Nautical'' a 1853, ya yi amfani da rubutun ''Zootagoola'' * George French Angas, wani mai zane na ƙarni na sha tara, ya yi amfani da sunan ''Tugala'' a kan taken zane-zanensa. Wasu daga cikin bambance-bambancen za a iya lissafa su ta hanyar marubutan Turai na farko ba tare da sanin cewa nahawun Zulu yana amfani da prefixes ba, sau da yawa " ''i-'' " ko " ''u-'' ", don nuna ajin suna na suna. [[Fayil:Tugela_river_mouth.jpg|right|thumb|Bakin kogin Tugela]] == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna a Afirka ta Kudu]] ; Madatsun ruwa a Tugela * [[Driel Barrage Dam|Dam ɗin Driel Barrage]] * Madatsar ruwan Spioenkop * Madatsar Ruwa ta Woodstock == Manazarta == Tugela RiverTugela RiverUmbilo RiverUmbilo RiverUmbilo RiverUmbilo RiverTugela RiverTugela RiverUmbilo RiverTugela River ba4vznjc6sf7foxtva91yp635d26wxd 842899 842898 2026-05-29T23:57:03Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 842899 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Tugela''' shine kogi mafi girma a KwaZulu, Afirka ta Kudu. Tsawonsa ya kai jimillar {{Cvt|560|km}}, da kuma digo na 1 Mita 370 a ƙasan 480&nbsp;km, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Key rivers of South Africa - MyFundi |url=http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710162812/http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |archive-date=2012-07-10 |access-date=2024-05-15}}</ref> yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan koguna na ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Key rivers of South Africa |url=http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710162812/http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |archive-date=2012-07-10 |publisher=MyFundi}}</ref> Kogin ya samo asali ne daga Mont-aux-Sources wasu manyan koguna guda biyu na Afirka ta Kudu, [[Kogin Orange|Orange]] da [[Kogin Caledon|Caledon River]]. Daga jerin Drakensberg, Tugela yana bin {{Cvt|560|km|mi}} hanyar da ta ratsa tsakiyar yankin KwaZulu-Natal kafin ta kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]]. <ref name="DWAF-ThukelaWMA-A">{{Cite web |date=July 2004 |title=Proposal to establishment a Catchment Management Agency for the Thukela Water Management Area - Appendix A |url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Documents/Other/CMA/Thukela/ThukelaAppendixA2.pdf |access-date=2008-10-21 |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Forestry}}</ref> Jimillar yankin da za a iya kama ruwa ya kai kimanin {{Cvt|29100|km2|mi2}}. <ref name="DWAF-ThukelaWMA-A" /> Amfani da ƙasa a yankin magudanar ruwa galibi noma ne na rayuwa a karkara da kuma gandun daji na kasuwanci. == Magudanar ruwa == [[Fayil:Crossing_the_Tugela_River_-_1898-9.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Birtaniya sun ketare kogin a lokacin Yaƙin Boer na Biyu]] Tugela yana samun ruwan kogin da ke fitowa daga Drakensberg, mafi girma shine [[Kogin Buffalo (KwaZulu-Natal)|Kogin Mzinyathi ("Buffalo")]] (yana tashi kusa da Tudun Majuba). Sauran sun haɗa da [[Little Tugela River|Kogin Little Tugela]], [[Kogin Klip (KwaZulu-Natal)|Kogin Klip]] (yana tashi kusa da [[Van Reenen Pass]] ), [[Kogin Mooi (Tugela)|Kogin Mooi]], [[Kogin Jini|Kogin Blood]], [[Sundays River (KwaZulu-Natal)|Kogin Sundays]] (yana tashi a Biggarsberg) [[Ingagani River|Kogin Ingagani]] da [[Kogin Bushman]]. <ref name="DWAF-ThukelaWMA-A">{{Cite web |date=July 2004 |title=Proposal to establishment a Catchment Management Agency for the Thukela Water Management Area - Appendix A |url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Documents/Other/CMA/Thukela/ThukelaAppendixA2.pdf |access-date=2008-10-21 |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Forestry}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Documents/Other/CMA/Thukela/ThukelaAppendixA2.pdf "Proposal to establishment a Catchment Management Agency for the Thukela Water Management Area - Appendix A"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. July 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> Kogin Buffalo ya haɗu da Tugela kimanin {{Cvt|19|km|mi|0}} gabas da Jirgin Ruwa na Tugela a An sanya wa [[Yakin kogin jini|Kogin Blood]] suna ne ta hannun 'yan Boers, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Andries Pretorius, bayan sun kayar da sarkin Zulu Dingane a ranar 16 ga watan Disamba, 1838. An ce kogin ya yi ja da jinin mayaƙan Zulu. A ƙarƙashin Kogin Blood akwai Rorke's Drift, wurin tsallakawa da kuma wurin yaƙi, a Yaƙin Anglo-Zulu. == Ilimin Halittu == Ana samun kifin rawaya mai launin scaly ''(Labeobarbus natalensis)'' a cikin Tsarin Kogin Tugela. Kifi ne da aka fi sani da shi a lardin KwaZulu-Natal kuma ana samunsa a wurare daban-daban tsakanin tsaunukan Drakensberg da ƙananan wurare na bakin teku, gami da koguna kamar Umkomazi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> == Rubutu == An yi amfani da rubutun ''Tugela'' a mafi yawan ƙarni na ashirin; sigar Anglicised ce ta sunan Zulu ''Thukela''. Marubutan ƙarni na sha tara sun yi amfani da nau'ikan haruffa daban-daban, ciki har da: * Isaacs (1836) ya yi amfani da wasu kalmomi daban-daban a cikin littafinsa, ''Travels and Adventures in Eastern Africa,'' ciki har da ''Ootergale'' da ''Ootoogale''. * CR Maclean (John Ross), yana rubutu a cikin ''Mujallar Nautical'' a 1853, ya yi amfani da rubutun ''Zootagoola'' * George French Angas, wani mai zane na ƙarni na sha tara, ya yi amfani da sunan ''Tugala'' a kan taken zane-zanensa. Wasu daga cikin bambance-bambancen za a iya lissafa su ta hanyar marubutan Turai na farko ba tare da sanin cewa nahawun Zulu yana amfani da prefixes ba, sau da yawa " ''i-'' " ko " ''u-'' ", don nuna ajin suna na suna. [[Fayil:Tugela_river_mouth.jpg|right|thumb|Bakin kogin Tugela]] == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna a Afirka ta Kudu]] ; Madatsun ruwa a Tugela * [[Driel Barrage Dam|Dam ɗin Driel Barrage]] * Madatsar ruwan Spioenkop * Madatsar Ruwa ta Woodstock == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} rl02oy5uev51rstotffaf8goxupcufa 842901 842899 2026-05-29T23:59:28Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 842901 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Tugela''' shine kogi mafi girma a KwaZulu, Afirka ta Kudu. Tsawonsa ya kai jimillar {{Cvt|560|km}}, da kuma digo na 1 Mita 370 a ƙasan 480&nbsp;km, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Key rivers of South Africa - MyFundi |url=http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710162812/http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |archive-date=2012-07-10 |access-date=2024-05-15}}</ref> yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan koguna na ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Key rivers of South Africa |url=http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710162812/http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa |archive-date=2012-07-10 |publisher=MyFundi}}</ref> Kogin ya samo asali ne daga Mont-aux-Sources wasu manyan koguna guda biyu na Afirka ta Kudu, [[Kogin Orange|Orange]] da [[Kogin Caledon|Caledon River]]. Daga jerin Drakensberg, Tugela yana bin {{Cvt|560|km|mi}} hanyar da ta ratsa tsakiyar yankin KwaZulu-Natal kafin ta kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]]. <ref name="DWAF-ThukelaWMA-A">{{Cite web |date=July 2004 |title=Proposal to establishment a Catchment Management Agency for the Thukela Water Management Area - Appendix A |url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Documents/Other/CMA/Thukela/ThukelaAppendixA2.pdf |access-date=2008-10-21 |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Forestry}}</ref> Jimillar yankin da za a iya kama ruwa ya kai kimanin {{Cvt|29100|km2|mi2}}. <ref name="DWAF-ThukelaWMA-A" /> Amfani da ƙasa a yankin magudanar ruwa galibi noma ne na rayuwa a karkara da kuma gandun daji na kasuwanci. == Magudanar ruwa == [[Fayil:Crossing_the_Tugela_River_-_1898-9.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Birtaniya sun ketare kogin a lokacin Yaƙin Boer na Biyu]] Tugela yana samun ruwan kogin da ke fitowa daga Drakensberg, mafi girma shine [[Kogin Buffalo (KwaZulu-Natal)|Kogin Mzinyathi ("Buffalo")]] (yana tashi kusa da Tudun Majuba). Sauran sun haɗa da [[Little Tugela River|Kogin Little Tugela]], [[Kogin Klip (KwaZulu-Natal)|Kogin Klip]] (yana tashi kusa da [[Van Reenen Pass]] ), [[Kogin Mooi (Tugela)|Kogin Mooi]], [[Kogin Jini|Kogin Blood]], [[Sundays River (KwaZulu-Natal)|Kogin Sundays]] (yana tashi a Biggarsberg) [[Ingagani River|Kogin Ingagani]] da [[Kogin Bushman]]. <ref name="DWAF-ThukelaWMA-A">{{Cite web |date=July 2004 |title=Proposal to establishment a Catchment Management Agency for the Thukela Water Management Area - Appendix A |url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Documents/Other/CMA/Thukela/ThukelaAppendixA2.pdf |access-date=2008-10-21 |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Forestry}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Documents/Other/CMA/Thukela/ThukelaAppendixA2.pdf "Proposal to establishment a Catchment Management Agency for the Thukela Water Management Area - Appendix A"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. July 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> Kogin Buffalo ya haɗu da Tugela kimanin {{Cvt|19|km|mi|0}} gabas da Jirgin Ruwa na Tugela a An sanya wa [[Yakin kogin jini|Kogin Blood]] suna ne ta hannun 'yan Boers, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Andries Pretorius, bayan sun kayar da sarkin Zulu Dingane a ranar 16 ga watan Disamba, 1838. An ce kogin ya yi ja da jinin mayaƙan Zulu. A ƙarƙashin Kogin Blood akwai Rorke's Drift, wurin tsallakawa da kuma wurin yaƙi, a Yaƙin Anglo-Zulu. == Ilimin Halittu == Ana samun kifin rawaya mai launin scaly ''(Labeobarbus natalensis)'' a cikin Tsarin Kogin Tugela. Kifi ne da aka fi sani da shi a lardin KwaZulu-Natal kuma ana samunsa a wurare daban-daban tsakanin tsaunukan Drakensberg da ƙananan wurare na bakin teku, gami da koguna kamar Umkomazi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> == Rubutu == An yi amfani da rubutun ''Tugela'' a mafi yawan ƙarni na ashirin; sigar Anglicised ce ta sunan Zulu ''Thukela''. Marubutan ƙarni na sha tara sun yi amfani da nau'ikan haruffa daban-daban, ciki har da: * Isaacs (1836) ya yi amfani da wasu kalmomi daban-daban a cikin littafinsa, ''Travels and Adventures in Eastern Africa,'' ciki har da ''Ootergale'' da ''Ootoogale''. * CR Maclean (John Ross), yana rubutu a cikin ''Mujallar Nautical'' a 1853, ya yi amfani da rubutun ''Zootagoola'' * George French Angas, wani mai zane na ƙarni na sha tara, ya yi amfani da sunan ''Tugala'' a kan taken zane-zanensa. Wasu daga cikin bambance-bambancen za a iya lissafa su ta hanyar marubutan Turai na farko ba tare da sanin cewa nahawun Zulu yana amfani da prefixes ba, sau da yawa " ''i-'' " ko " ''u-'' ", don nuna ajin suna na suna. [[Fayil:Tugela_river_mouth.jpg|right|thumb|Bakin kogin Tugela]] == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna a Afirka ta Kudu]] ; Madatsun ruwa a Tugela * [[Driel Barrage Dam|Dam ɗin Driel Barrage]] * Madatsar ruwan Spioenkop * Madatsar Ruwa ta Woodstock == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 6dkvg710sl96vr57unizvw2lfa151x6 0 153267 842936 2026-05-30T05:03:00Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1292630312|Nairobi Dam]]" 842936 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dam din [[Nairobi]]''' wani madatsar ruwa ne a kan Kogin Nairobi a Nairobi, Kenya . <ref name="Unep">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Dam |url=http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf |access-date=16 September 2011}}</ref> == Bayani == Madatsar ruwan da aka gina a shekarar 1953 tana riƙe da ma'ajiyar ruwa mai ƙarfin ajiya na {{Convert|98000|m3|acre.ft}} da faɗin farfajiyar {{Convert|350000|m2|acre}} . Tafki ne mai zurfi wanda matsakaicin zurfinsa ya kai {{Convert|2.76|m|ft}} kawai <ref name="Unep">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Dam |url=http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf |access-date=16 September 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf "Nairobi Dam"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> Ruwa yana shigowa ne daga Kogin Motoine, daga ruwan sama, da kuma ruwan shara daga matsugunin Kibera da ba a zubar da shi ba. <ref name="Unep">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Dam |url=http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf |access-date=16 September 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf "Nairobi Dam"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> Ruwa yana fitowa ne ta hanyar tururi da kuma ta hanyar kwararar ruwa zuwa Kogin Ngong. <ref name="Unep" /> Madatsar ruwan tana da tazara sosai kuma an sake maido da yankunan don noma ta hanyar zubar da shara. Shukar hyacinth ta ruwa ta zama ruwan dare gama gari kuma ta toshe ruwan da ke hana yin tafiya a kan ruwa da kamun kifi. <ref name="Unep">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Dam |url=http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf |access-date=16 September 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf "Nairobi Dam"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> == Ilimin ƙasa == Laka da ke ƙarƙashin madatsar ruwa ta ƙunshi Tuffs na Tsakiya da na Sama na Kwarin Kerichwa . <ref name="Unep">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Dam |url=http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf |access-date=16 September 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf "Nairobi Dam"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyukan Sabuntawa == Firayim Minista [[Raila A Odinga|Raila Odinga]] ya sanar da shirin sake farfaɗo da Madatsar Ruwa da kuma lokacin da ya gana da Shirin Amincewa da Dam na Nairobi a ranar 14 ga Satumba, 2011. Ya nemi a sanya shi cikin Aikin Kogin Nairobi wanda Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ke daukar nauyinsa tare da ayyukan kawar da hyacinth na ruwa da sharar gida don dawo da yanayin halittu na ruwa. Haka kuma, ayyukan da suka shafi hakan za su buƙaci a rusa matsugunan (Kibera ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a cikin unguwannin talakawa a Afirka, tare da mazauna 700,000) tare da kimanin kuɗin da aka kiyasta ya kai [[Shilling na Kenya|KSh.]] 700.&nbsp;miliyan/= (Dalar Amurka miliyan 7.3) <ref name="regen" /> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> bz0o7duhwcl4chy486e8dsg0grg6ezm 842937 842936 2026-05-30T05:03:22Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842937 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din [[Nairobi]]''' wani madatsar ruwa ne a kan Kogin Nairobi a Nairobi, Kenya . <ref name="Unep">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Dam |url=http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf |access-date=16 September 2011}}</ref> == Bayani == Madatsar ruwan da aka gina a shekarar 1953 tana riƙe da ma'ajiyar ruwa mai ƙarfin ajiya na {{Convert|98000|m3|acre.ft}} da faɗin farfajiyar {{Convert|350000|m2|acre}} . Tafki ne mai zurfi wanda matsakaicin zurfinsa ya kai {{Convert|2.76|m|ft}} kawai <ref name="Unep">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Dam |url=http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf |access-date=16 September 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf "Nairobi Dam"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> Ruwa yana shigowa ne daga Kogin Motoine, daga ruwan sama, da kuma ruwan shara daga matsugunin Kibera da ba a zubar da shi ba. <ref name="Unep">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Dam |url=http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf |access-date=16 September 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf "Nairobi Dam"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> Ruwa yana fitowa ne ta hanyar tururi da kuma ta hanyar kwararar ruwa zuwa Kogin Ngong. <ref name="Unep" /> Madatsar ruwan tana da tazara sosai kuma an sake maido da yankunan don noma ta hanyar zubar da shara. Shukar hyacinth ta ruwa ta zama ruwan dare gama gari kuma ta toshe ruwan da ke hana yin tafiya a kan ruwa da kamun kifi. <ref name="Unep">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Dam |url=http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf |access-date=16 September 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf "Nairobi Dam"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> == Ilimin ƙasa == Laka da ke ƙarƙashin madatsar ruwa ta ƙunshi Tuffs na Tsakiya da na Sama na Kwarin Kerichwa . <ref name="Unep">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Dam |url=http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf |access-date=16 September 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.unep.org/roa/Nairobi_River_Basin/Downloads/Assessments/PollutionChapters/PollutionMonitoringNETWAS_Chap5.pdf "Nairobi Dam"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyukan Sabuntawa == Firayim Minista [[Raila A Odinga|Raila Odinga]] ya sanar da shirin sake farfaɗo da Madatsar Ruwa da kuma lokacin da ya gana da Shirin Amincewa da Dam na Nairobi a ranar 14 ga Satumba, 2011. Ya nemi a sanya shi cikin Aikin Kogin Nairobi wanda Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ke daukar nauyinsa tare da ayyukan kawar da hyacinth na ruwa da sharar gida don dawo da yanayin halittu na ruwa. Haka kuma, ayyukan da suka shafi hakan za su buƙaci a rusa matsugunan (Kibera ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a cikin unguwannin talakawa a Afirka, tare da mazauna 700,000) tare da kimanin kuɗin da aka kiyasta ya kai [[Shilling na Kenya|KSh.]] 700.&nbsp;miliyan/= (Dalar Amurka miliyan 7.3) <ref name="regen" /> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> oat0fjnnaoqxo00un3by3k7xh33pi2a 0 153268 842938 2026-05-30T05:04:05Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354323510|Rukenya Dam]]" 842938 wikitext text/x-wiki Dam din Ru[[Kenya]], wanda aka fi sani da '''Dam din Thiba''', [[madatsar ruwa]] ce a Rukenya, Kirinyaga County, Kenya . Ya zuwa watan Janairun 2020, har yanzu ana ginawa. Dam din zai kasance mita 40 (130 tsawo da 1 km fadi, kuma tafkinsa zai mamaye akalla kadada 542 na ƙasa, tare da damar ajiyar ruwa na mita cubic miliyan 15.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Star |first=Mt Kenya |title=Kirinyaga loses as Thiba dam stall |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001355474/kirinyaga-loses-as-thiba-dam-stall |access-date=2020-04-10 |website=The Standard |language=en}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Babban manufar madatsar ruwan ita ce ƙara yawan ƙasar da ake amfani da ita wajen ban ruwa a cikin Shirin Ban Ruwa na Mwea . Gwamnatin Kenya za ta ɗauki nauyin aikin tare da haɗin gwiwar Hukumar Haɗin Kan Ƙasashen Duniya ta Japan . Majalisar ministocin ta gabatar da shawarar gina madatsar ruwan a matsayin aikin hangen nesa na 2030 . An fara ginin ne a watan Satumba na 2016, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamau |first=Munene |date=February 5, 2013 |title=Schools face demolition in Sh12b dam project |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000076632&story_title=Schools-face-demolition-in-Sh12b-dam-project |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=Standard Digital}}</ref> amma an dakatar da shi a watan Oktoba na 2019 saboda rashin kuɗi. Ayyuka sun ci gaba a watan Janairu na 2020 saboda sabon dala $6.&nbsp;sakin miliyoyin daloli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-30 |title=KENYA: Government re-launches work on Thiba Dam with $6 million |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/kenya-government-re-launches-work-on-thiba-dam-with-6-million/ |access-date=2020-04-10 |website=Afrik 21 |language=en-US}}</ref> An kammala gina madatsar ruwan a watan Maris na 2022, bayan gagarumin ci gaba a magance jinkirin samar da kudade da kuma takaddamar filaye da suka dakatar da aikin na ɗan lokaci. 8mebyi1xi378n55q4agrmjqrat1jabx 842939 842938 2026-05-30T05:04:24Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Dam din Ru[[Kenya]], wanda aka fi sani da '''Dam din Thiba''', [[madatsar ruwa]] ce a Rukenya, Kirinyaga County, Kenya . Ya zuwa watan Janairun 2020, har yanzu ana ginawa. Dam din zai kasance mita 40 (130 tsawo da 1 km fadi, kuma tafkinsa zai mamaye akalla kadada 542 na ƙasa, tare da damar ajiyar ruwa na mita cubic miliyan 15.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Star |first=Mt Kenya |title=Kirinyaga loses as Thiba dam stall |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001355474/kirinyaga-loses-as-thiba-dam-stall |access-date=2020-04-10 |website=The Standard |language=en}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Babban manufar madatsar ruwan ita ce ƙara yawan ƙasar da ake amfani da ita wajen ban ruwa a cikin Shirin Ban Ruwa na Mwea . Gwamnatin Kenya za ta ɗauki nauyin aikin tare da haɗin gwiwar Hukumar Haɗin Kan Ƙasashen Duniya ta Japan . Majalisar ministocin ta gabatar da shawarar gina madatsar ruwan a matsayin aikin hangen nesa na 2030 . An fara ginin ne a watan Satumba na 2016, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamau |first=Munene |date=February 5, 2013 |title=Schools face demolition in Sh12b dam project |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000076632&story_title=Schools-face-demolition-in-Sh12b-dam-project |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=Standard Digital}}</ref> amma an dakatar da shi a watan Oktoba na 2019 saboda rashin kuɗi. Ayyuka sun ci gaba a watan Janairu na 2020 saboda sabon dala $6.&nbsp;sakin miliyoyin daloli. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-30 |title=KENYA: Government re-launches work on Thiba Dam with $6 million |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/kenya-government-re-launches-work-on-thiba-dam-with-6-million/ |access-date=2020-04-10 |website=Afrik 21 |language=en-US}}</ref> An kammala gina madatsar ruwan a watan Maris na 2022, bayan gagarumin ci gaba a magance jinkirin samar da kudade da kuma takaddamar filaye da suka dakatar da aikin na ɗan lokaci. ==manazarta== 8obha5yq5fdzhmftcwwf0cbwczcg21x 0 153269 842940 2026-05-30T05:05:11Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1152918033|Sang'oro Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842940 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sang'oro''' tashar wutar lantarki ce ta {{Convert|20.2|MW}} MW (27,100 a kan Kogin Sondu a Kenya . <ref>{{Cite web |last=JICA |date=23 January 2007 |title=Sondu-Miriu Hydropower Project Sang'oro Power Plant: Ex-Ante Evaluation |url=http://www.jica.go.jp/english/our_work/evaluation/oda_loan/economic_cooperation/c8h0vm000001rdjt-att/kenya.pdf |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=[[Japan International Cooperation Agency]] (JICA)}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarki tana da nisan {{Convert|5|km|0}}, ta hanya, yamma da gidan wutar lantarki na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sondu Miriu, a wurin da hanyar fitar da wutar lantarki ta Sondu Miriu ta shiga Kogin Sondu. Wannan yana kusa da ''ƙauyen Kusa'', kimanin {{Convert|55|km|0}}, ta hanya, kudu maso gabashin [[Kisumu]], wurin da hedikwatar gundumar take. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GFC |date=5 April 2016 |title=Distance between Kusa, Kisumu, Kenya and Kisumu, Kenya |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Kenya_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kusa%2C%20Kisumu%2C%20Kenya&toplace=Kisumu%2C%20Kenya%2C&dt1=ChIJNfbeIxbCKhgRsVIYQ9JR4wU&dt2=ChIJHchKrTekKhgR0o0k1jmkEiA |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=Globefeed.com (GFC)}}</ref> Daidaito na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sang'oro sune: 0°21'13.0"S, 34°48'48.0"E (Latitude:-0.353623; Longitude:34.813341). == Bayani == Bayan an gina Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sondu Miriu, domin rage ɓarnar ruwa, an yanke shawarar amfani da ruwan da ke fitar da ruwa daga Sondu Miriu don samar da wutar lantarki ga wata tashar wutar lantarki. An gina sabuwar tashar, '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sang'oro''', tsakanin 2008 da 2013, a daidai lokacin da hanyar fitar da ruwa daga Sondu Miriu da Kogin Sondu ta haɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cherono |first=Stella |date=27 July 2011 |title=Sondu Miriu power plant boost for jobs and schools |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/Counties/Sondu+Miriu+power+plant+boost+for+jobs+and+schools+/-/1107872/1208672/-/468ihn/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sunday |first=Frankline |date=11 August 2011 |title=Sondu Miriu power project to ease energy crisis in western Kenya |url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Sondu-Miriu-power-project-to-ease-energy-crisis-in-western-Kenya/-/539546/1216804/-/12wc4gdz/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> Hukumar Haɗin Kan Ƙasashen Duniya ta Japan ta ba da rancen kuɗi kuma Kamfanin Samar da Wutar Lantarki na Kenya ya ba da gudummawar hannun jari ga kuɗin gini na dala miliyan 78 (Sh6.5 biliyan). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Karambu |first=Immaculate |date=23 April 2012 |title=Ambitious plan to guarantee stable power supply |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/smartcompany/Fuelling-Sh3-trillion-plan-to-power-the-nation-/-/1226/1392060/-/k44xjw/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=DCIL |date=5 April 2016 |title=Durant & Company International Limited: Sang'oro Hydro Power Plant, Nyanza Province, Kenya |url=http://durrantinternational.com/ProjectPage_africa6.htm |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=Durant & Company International Limited (DCIL)}}</ref> == Mallaka == Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Kenya Electricity Generating Company ne ke mallakar tashar wutar lantarki ta Sang'oro 100%, wani kamfani na gwamnatin Kenya . gva9zn3l3c4aqonkxn0rc4fptnhiggn 842941 842940 2026-05-30T05:05:53Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1152918033|Sang'oro Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842941 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta Sang'oro Hydroelectric''' ce mai karfin {{Convert|20.2|MW}} tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa a Kogin Sondu da ke Kenya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=JICA |date=23 January 2007 |title=Sondu-Miriu Hydropower Project Sang'oro Power Plant: Ex-Ante Evaluation |url=http://www.jica.go.jp/english/our_work/evaluation/oda_loan/economic_cooperation/c8h0vm000001rdjt-att/kenya.pdf |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=[[Japan International Cooperation Agency]] (JICA)}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarki tana da nisan {{Convert|5|km|0}}, ta hanya, yamma da gidan wutar lantarki na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sondu Miriu, a wurin da hanyar fitar da wutar lantarki ta Sondu Miriu ta shiga Kogin Sondu. Wannan yana kusa da ''ƙauyen Kusa'', kimanin {{Convert|55|km|0}}, ta hanya, kudu maso gabashin [[Kisumu]], wurin da hedikwatar gundumar take. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GFC |date=5 April 2016 |title=Distance between Kusa, Kisumu, Kenya and Kisumu, Kenya |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Kenya_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kusa%2C%20Kisumu%2C%20Kenya&toplace=Kisumu%2C%20Kenya%2C&dt1=ChIJNfbeIxbCKhgRsVIYQ9JR4wU&dt2=ChIJHchKrTekKhgR0o0k1jmkEiA |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=Globefeed.com (GFC)}}</ref> Daidaito na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sang'oro sune: 0°21'13.0"S, 34°48'48.0"E (Latitude:-0.353623; Longitude:34.813341). == Bayani == Bayan an gina Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sondu Miriu, domin rage ɓarnar ruwa, an yanke shawarar amfani da ruwan da ke fitar da ruwa daga Sondu Miriu don samar da wutar lantarki ga wata tashar wutar lantarki. An gina sabuwar tashar, '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sang'oro''', tsakanin 2008 da 2013, a daidai lokacin da hanyar fitar da ruwa daga Sondu Miriu da Kogin Sondu ta haɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cherono |first=Stella |date=27 July 2011 |title=Sondu Miriu power plant boost for jobs and schools |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/Counties/Sondu+Miriu+power+plant+boost+for+jobs+and+schools+/-/1107872/1208672/-/468ihn/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sunday |first=Frankline |date=11 August 2011 |title=Sondu Miriu power project to ease energy crisis in western Kenya |url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Sondu-Miriu-power-project-to-ease-energy-crisis-in-western-Kenya/-/539546/1216804/-/12wc4gdz/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> Hukumar Haɗin Kan Ƙasashen Duniya ta Japan ta ba da rancen kuɗi kuma Kamfanin Samar da Wutar Lantarki na Kenya ya ba da gudummawar hannun jari ga kuɗin gini na dala miliyan 78 (Sh6.5 biliyan). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Karambu |first=Immaculate |date=23 April 2012 |title=Ambitious plan to guarantee stable power supply |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/smartcompany/Fuelling-Sh3-trillion-plan-to-power-the-nation-/-/1226/1392060/-/k44xjw/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=DCIL |date=5 April 2016 |title=Durant & Company International Limited: Sang'oro Hydro Power Plant, Nyanza Province, Kenya |url=http://durrantinternational.com/ProjectPage_africa6.htm |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=Durant & Company International Limited (DCIL)}}</ref> == Mallaka == Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Kenya Electricity Generating Company ne ke mallakar tashar wutar lantarki ta Sang'oro 100%, wani kamfani na gwamnatin Kenya . mas80xj4un6grm7dw2ocfg0z4u1xq29 842942 842941 2026-05-30T05:06:19Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta Sang'oro Hydroelectric''' ce mai karfin {{Convert|20.2|MW}} tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa a Kogin Sondu da ke Kenya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=JICA |date=23 January 2007 |title=Sondu-Miriu Hydropower Project Sang'oro Power Plant: Ex-Ante Evaluation |url=http://www.jica.go.jp/english/our_work/evaluation/oda_loan/economic_cooperation/c8h0vm000001rdjt-att/kenya.pdf |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=[[Japan International Cooperation Agency]] (JICA)}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarki tana da nisan {{Convert|5|km|0}}, ta hanya, yamma da gidan wutar lantarki na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sondu Miriu, a wurin da hanyar fitar da wutar lantarki ta Sondu Miriu ta shiga Kogin Sondu. Wannan yana kusa da ''ƙauyen Kusa'', kimanin {{Convert|55|km|0}}, ta hanya, kudu maso gabashin [[Kisumu]], wurin da hedikwatar gundumar take. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GFC |date=5 April 2016 |title=Distance between Kusa, Kisumu, Kenya and Kisumu, Kenya |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Kenya_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kusa%2C%20Kisumu%2C%20Kenya&toplace=Kisumu%2C%20Kenya%2C&dt1=ChIJNfbeIxbCKhgRsVIYQ9JR4wU&dt2=ChIJHchKrTekKhgR0o0k1jmkEiA |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=Globefeed.com (GFC)}}</ref> Daidaito na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sang'oro sune: 0°21'13.0"S, 34°48'48.0"E (Latitude:-0.353623; Longitude:34.813341). == Bayani == Bayan an gina Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sondu Miriu, domin rage ɓarnar ruwa, an yanke shawarar amfani da ruwan da ke fitar da ruwa daga Sondu Miriu don samar da wutar lantarki ga wata tashar wutar lantarki. An gina sabuwar tashar, '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sang'oro''', tsakanin 2008 da 2013, a daidai lokacin da hanyar fitar da ruwa daga Sondu Miriu da Kogin Sondu ta haɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cherono |first=Stella |date=27 July 2011 |title=Sondu Miriu power plant boost for jobs and schools |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/Counties/Sondu+Miriu+power+plant+boost+for+jobs+and+schools+/-/1107872/1208672/-/468ihn/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sunday |first=Frankline |date=11 August 2011 |title=Sondu Miriu power project to ease energy crisis in western Kenya |url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Sondu-Miriu-power-project-to-ease-energy-crisis-in-western-Kenya/-/539546/1216804/-/12wc4gdz/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> Hukumar Haɗin Kan Ƙasashen Duniya ta Japan ta ba da rancen kuɗi kuma Kamfanin Samar da Wutar Lantarki na Kenya ya ba da gudummawar hannun jari ga kuɗin gini na dala miliyan 78 (Sh6.5 biliyan). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Karambu |first=Immaculate |date=23 April 2012 |title=Ambitious plan to guarantee stable power supply |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/smartcompany/Fuelling-Sh3-trillion-plan-to-power-the-nation-/-/1226/1392060/-/k44xjw/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=DCIL |date=5 April 2016 |title=Durant & Company International Limited: Sang'oro Hydro Power Plant, Nyanza Province, Kenya |url=http://durrantinternational.com/ProjectPage_africa6.htm |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=Durant & Company International Limited (DCIL)}}</ref> == Mallaka == Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Kenya Electricity Generating Company ne ke mallakar tashar wutar lantarki ta Sang'oro 100%, wani kamfani na gwamnatin Kenya . ==manazarta= 4pus31m0gr4yoz58gjv644102xkp3zb 842943 842942 2026-05-30T05:06:32Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta Sang'oro Hydroelectric''' ce mai karfin {{Convert|20.2|MW}} tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa a Kogin Sondu da ke Kenya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=JICA |date=23 January 2007 |title=Sondu-Miriu Hydropower Project Sang'oro Power Plant: Ex-Ante Evaluation |url=http://www.jica.go.jp/english/our_work/evaluation/oda_loan/economic_cooperation/c8h0vm000001rdjt-att/kenya.pdf |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=[[Japan International Cooperation Agency]] (JICA)}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarki tana da nisan {{Convert|5|km|0}}, ta hanya, yamma da gidan wutar lantarki na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sondu Miriu, a wurin da hanyar fitar da wutar lantarki ta Sondu Miriu ta shiga Kogin Sondu. Wannan yana kusa da ''ƙauyen Kusa'', kimanin {{Convert|55|km|0}}, ta hanya, kudu maso gabashin [[Kisumu]], wurin da hedikwatar gundumar take. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GFC |date=5 April 2016 |title=Distance between Kusa, Kisumu, Kenya and Kisumu, Kenya |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Kenya_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kusa%2C%20Kisumu%2C%20Kenya&toplace=Kisumu%2C%20Kenya%2C&dt1=ChIJNfbeIxbCKhgRsVIYQ9JR4wU&dt2=ChIJHchKrTekKhgR0o0k1jmkEiA |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=Globefeed.com (GFC)}}</ref> Daidaito na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sang'oro sune: 0°21'13.0"S, 34°48'48.0"E (Latitude:-0.353623; Longitude:34.813341). == Bayani == Bayan an gina Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sondu Miriu, domin rage ɓarnar ruwa, an yanke shawarar amfani da ruwan da ke fitar da ruwa daga Sondu Miriu don samar da wutar lantarki ga wata tashar wutar lantarki. An gina sabuwar tashar, '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Sang'oro''', tsakanin 2008 da 2013, a daidai lokacin da hanyar fitar da ruwa daga Sondu Miriu da Kogin Sondu ta haɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cherono |first=Stella |date=27 July 2011 |title=Sondu Miriu power plant boost for jobs and schools |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/Counties/Sondu+Miriu+power+plant+boost+for+jobs+and+schools+/-/1107872/1208672/-/468ihn/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sunday |first=Frankline |date=11 August 2011 |title=Sondu Miriu power project to ease energy crisis in western Kenya |url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Sondu-Miriu-power-project-to-ease-energy-crisis-in-western-Kenya/-/539546/1216804/-/12wc4gdz/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> Hukumar Haɗin Kan Ƙasashen Duniya ta Japan ta ba da rancen kuɗi kuma Kamfanin Samar da Wutar Lantarki na Kenya ya ba da gudummawar hannun jari ga kuɗin gini na dala miliyan 78 (Sh6.5 biliyan). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Karambu |first=Immaculate |date=23 April 2012 |title=Ambitious plan to guarantee stable power supply |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/smartcompany/Fuelling-Sh3-trillion-plan-to-power-the-nation-/-/1226/1392060/-/k44xjw/-/index.html |access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=DCIL |date=5 April 2016 |title=Durant & Company International Limited: Sang'oro Hydro Power Plant, Nyanza Province, Kenya |url=http://durrantinternational.com/ProjectPage_africa6.htm |access-date=5 April 2016 |publisher=Durant & Company International Limited (DCIL)}}</ref> == Mallaka == Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Kenya Electricity Generating Company ne ke mallakar tashar wutar lantarki ta Sang'oro 100%, wani kamfani na gwamnatin Kenya . ==manazarta== 9cn47parf9bav3q08vz9xmvcdoxjg2o 0 153270 842945 2026-05-30T05:07:19Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1033523122|Tana Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842945 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Tana''' tashar wutar lantarki ce ta {{Convert|20|MW}} MW (27,000 a kan [[Kenya]])" id="mwGA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tana River (Kenya)">Kogin Tana a kudancin Kenya . <ref name="New">{{Cite web |last=KENGEN |date=6 April 2016 |title=Kenya Electricity Generating Company: Hydro Power Station - Tana Hydroelectric Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=11 |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]] (KENGEN)}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarki ta Tana Hydroelectric tana cikin gundumar Muranga, daga titin [[Nairobi]] zuwa Embu, tsakanin Makuyu da Makutano, kimanin {{Convert|84|km|0}} ta hanya, arewa maso gabashin Nairobi, babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a Kenya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GFC |date=6 April 2016 |title=Distance between Nairobi, Kenya and Tana Power Station, Murang'a, Kenya |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Kenya_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Nairobi%2C%20Kenya&toplace=Tana%20Power%20Station%2C%20Murang%27a%2C%20Kenya%2C&dt1=ChIJp0lN2HIRLxgRTJKXslQCz_c&dt2=ChIJdQrcEDKnKBgRtdUxmz6T8oY |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=Globefeed.com (GFC)}}</ref> Daidaito na tashar wutar lantarki sune:0°47'08.0"S, 37°15'55.0"E (Latitude:-0.785550; Longitude:37.265284). == Bayani == An gina tashar wutar lantarki ta farko a wurin, wacce ke ɗebo ruwa daga Kogin Mathioya a shekarar 1931. An faɗaɗa ta a shekarar 1955, tana ɗebo ruwa daga Kogin Tana, mai ƙarfin 14.4MW, amma tana samar da 10.4MW kawai a lokacin da aka dakatar da aikin a shekarar 2007. Tun daga shekarar 2007, an gina sabuwar tashar wutar lantarki {{Convert|30|m|0}} nesa da tsohon. Sabuwar gidan wutar lantarki yana da ƙarfin {{Convert|19.6|MW}} kuma yana amfani da hanyoyin shiga da fitarwa iri ɗaya kamar tsohon tashar. <ref name="New" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=DNV |date=6 April 2016 |title=Redevelopment of Tana Power Station Project: Project Design Document Form |url=http://www.dnv.com/focus/climate_change/upload/cdm_pdd_redevelopment%20of%20tana%20hydro%20power%20station%20project_dec292007.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416135120/http://www.dnv.com/focus/climate_change/upload/cdm_pdd_redevelopment%20of%20tana%20hydro%20power%20station%20project_dec292007.pdf |archive-date=16 April 2016 |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=Dnv.com (DNV) |format=PDF}}</ref> 2fmxgny26ux5eh4gmeu8megwmxjj9s7 842946 842945 2026-05-30T05:07:41Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Tana''' tashar wutar lantarki ce ta {{Convert|20|MW}} MW (27,000 a kan [[Kenya]])" id="mwGA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tana River (Kenya)">Kogin Tana a kudancin Kenya . <ref name="New">{{Cite web |last=KENGEN |date=6 April 2016 |title=Kenya Electricity Generating Company: Hydro Power Station - Tana Hydroelectric Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=11 |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]] (KENGEN)}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarki ta Tana Hydroelectric tana cikin gundumar Muranga, daga titin [[Nairobi]] zuwa Embu, tsakanin Makuyu da Makutano, kimanin {{Convert|84|km|0}} ta hanya, arewa maso gabashin Nairobi, babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a Kenya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GFC |date=6 April 2016 |title=Distance between Nairobi, Kenya and Tana Power Station, Murang'a, Kenya |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Kenya_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Nairobi%2C%20Kenya&toplace=Tana%20Power%20Station%2C%20Murang%27a%2C%20Kenya%2C&dt1=ChIJp0lN2HIRLxgRTJKXslQCz_c&dt2=ChIJdQrcEDKnKBgRtdUxmz6T8oY |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=Globefeed.com (GFC)}}</ref> Daidaito na tashar wutar lantarki sune:0°47'08.0"S, 37°15'55.0"E (Latitude:-0.785550; Longitude:37.265284). == Bayani == An gina tashar wutar lantarki ta farko a wurin, wacce ke ɗebo ruwa daga Kogin Mathioya a shekarar 1931. An faɗaɗa ta a shekarar 1955, tana ɗebo ruwa daga Kogin Tana, mai ƙarfin 14.4MW, amma tana samar da 10.4MW kawai a lokacin da aka dakatar da aikin a shekarar 2007. Tun daga shekarar 2007, an gina sabuwar tashar wutar lantarki {{Convert|30|m|0}} nesa da tsohon. Sabuwar gidan wutar lantarki yana da ƙarfin {{Convert|19.6|MW}} kuma yana amfani da hanyoyin shiga da fitarwa iri ɗaya kamar tsohon tashar. <ref name="New" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=DNV |date=6 April 2016 |title=Redevelopment of Tana Power Station Project: Project Design Document Form |url=http://www.dnv.com/focus/climate_change/upload/cdm_pdd_redevelopment%20of%20tana%20hydro%20power%20station%20project_dec292007.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416135120/http://www.dnv.com/focus/climate_change/upload/cdm_pdd_redevelopment%20of%20tana%20hydro%20power%20station%20project_dec292007.pdf |archive-date=16 April 2016 |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=Dnv.com (DNV) |format=PDF}}</ref> ==manazarta== saiqh96ezpr4v7jjx9md96avujvpb7a 0 153271 842947 2026-05-30T05:08:32Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348223983|Thika Dam]]" 842947 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dam din Dakarini''' wani madatsar ruwa ne mai tsawo 63 m, mai tsawo 458 m a kan Kogin Thika kusa da karamin garin Dakaini, kilomita 50 a arewacin [[Nairobi]], Kenya. Wannan tafkin yana da damar adanawa na cubic mita miliyan 70 kuma yana aiki don samar da ruwan sha. Ana kula da ruwa a wurin aikin magani na Ngethu. Dam din ya kara amincin samar da ruwa ga Nairobi, wanda ya sha wahala daga karancin ruwa a lokacin fari kafin a kammala ginin madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1994. Bankin Raya Afirka, Bankin Duniya, Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai da gwamnatin Kenya ne suka ba da kuɗin madatsar ruwan. An jinkirta gina shi saboda matsaloli a sayen ƙasa, wanda ya haifar da wuce gona da iri.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Olima |first=W.H.A. |last2=O.A. K'akumu |date=December 1999 |title=The problems of project implementation:: a post-mortem study of Thika Dam project, Kenya |journal=Habitat International |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=467–479 |doi=10.1016/S0197-3975(99)00021-1}}</ref> A lokacin gini an canza tsarin madatsar ruwan don ba shi damar tsayayya da ambaliyar ruwa ta shekara 1:10,000 da kuma inganta lafiyar madatsar ruwa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; == Mqnqzarta == 8fc8oa3uol8y6arbfrs8odr30da05kt 842949 842947 2026-05-30T05:08:53Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din Dakarini''' wani madatsar ruwa ne mai tsawo 63 m, mai tsawo 458 m a kan Kogin Thika kusa da karamin garin Dakaini, kilomita 50 a arewacin [[Nairobi]], Kenya. Wannan tafkin yana da damar adanawa na cubic mita miliyan 70 kuma yana aiki don samar da ruwan sha. Ana kula da ruwa a wurin aikin magani na Ngethu. Dam din ya kara amincin samar da ruwa ga Nairobi, wanda ya sha wahala daga karancin ruwa a lokacin fari kafin a kammala ginin madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1994. Bankin Raya Afirka, Bankin Duniya, Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai da gwamnatin Kenya ne suka ba da kuɗin madatsar ruwan. An jinkirta gina shi saboda matsaloli a sayen ƙasa, wanda ya haifar da wuce gona da iri.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Olima |first=W.H.A. |last2=O.A. K'akumu |date=December 1999 |title=The problems of project implementation:: a post-mortem study of Thika Dam project, Kenya |journal=Habitat International |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=467–479 |doi=10.1016/S0197-3975(99)00021-1}}</ref> A lokacin gini an canza tsarin madatsar ruwan don ba shi damar tsayayya da ambaliyar ruwa ta shekara 1:10,000 da kuma inganta lafiyar madatsar ruwa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; == Mqnqzarta == mgcy8ku0bb2b6yu1o980e2wq927q4di 0 153272 842950 2026-05-30T05:09:45Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1177289809|Thwake Dam]]" 842950 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dam din Thwake''' ko Shirin Ci gaban Ruwa na Ma'ana da yawa shine madatsar ruwa da ake gina a kan Kogin Athi a Kenya . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Otieno |first=Jullias |title=Uhuru: Thwake Dam construction will be complete by June next year |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2021-07-09-uhuru-thwake-dam-construction-will-be-complete-by-june-next-year/ |access-date=2021-07-27 |website=The Star |language=en-KE}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2021-07-13 |title=Thwake Multi-purpose Dam project timeline and all you need to know |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/biggest-projects/thwake-multi-purpose-dam-project-timeline-and-all-you-need-to-know/ |access-date=2021-07-27 |website=Construction Review Online |language=en-us}}</ref> Ana nufin madatsar ruwan ta zama madatsar ruwa mai amfani da yawa wanda ke samar da ruwan sha, ruwan ban ruwa na noma, wutar lantarki, da sauran kayan aikin samar da ruwa.<ref name=":0" /> Adana ruwa yana da cubic mita miliyan 688, kuma ana nufin shi ne don gidajen karkara, Konza da sauran yankuna na gida.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Dam din ya kashe [[Shilling na Kenya|KSh.]] 37 biliyan kuma Kamfanin China Gezhouba Group Company ne ke gina shi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Koech |first=Gilbert |date=25 October 2020 |title=Nema shifts focus to Athi after Nairobi River cleaned up |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/counties/nairobi/2020-10-25-nema-shifts-focus-to-athi-after-nairobi-river-cleaned-up/ |access-date=2021-07-27 |website=The Star |language=en-KE}}</ref> [[Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka|Asusun Ci Gaban Afirka]] ne ya ba da tallafin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenya - Thwake Multi-purpose Water Development Programme – Phase I |url=https://projectsportal.afdb.org/dataportal/VProject/show/P-KE-E00-008 |access-date=2021-07-27 |website=projectsportal.afdb.org}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; == Damuwar gurɓatar ruwa == Bukatar ruwan sha daga madatsar ruwan ya haifar da ayyukan kiyayewa da dama a sama, suna ƙoƙarin samar da ingantaccen ruwa mai tsafta, kamar a yankin da ke da ruwa a Ondiri . <ref name=":2" /> Bugu da ƙari, masana'antu da yawa suna kwarara kai tsaye zuwa cikin kogin. <ref name=":2" /> A watan Yulin 2021, mai binciken ruwa [[Nancy Gathungu]] ta soki madatsar ruwan saboda rashin tsaftataccen ruwa mai aminci da za a riƙe saboda gurɓataccen wuri kamar Kogin Athi . <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-30 |title=Sh81b Thwake Dam project water 'unfit for human use' |url=https://www.pd.co.ke/news/sh81b-thwake-dam-project-water-unfit-for-human-use-83833/ |access-date=2021-07-27 |website=People Daily |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == bgvohoczgd0xyxhz5wg2ld7szsgiqz7 842951 842950 2026-05-30T05:09:59Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842951 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din Thwake''' ko Shirin Ci gaban Ruwa na Ma'ana da yawa shine madatsar ruwa da ake gina a kan Kogin Athi a Kenya . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Otieno |first=Jullias |title=Uhuru: Thwake Dam construction will be complete by June next year |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2021-07-09-uhuru-thwake-dam-construction-will-be-complete-by-june-next-year/ |access-date=2021-07-27 |website=The Star |language=en-KE}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2021-07-13 |title=Thwake Multi-purpose Dam project timeline and all you need to know |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/biggest-projects/thwake-multi-purpose-dam-project-timeline-and-all-you-need-to-know/ |access-date=2021-07-27 |website=Construction Review Online |language=en-us}}</ref> Ana nufin madatsar ruwan ta zama madatsar ruwa mai amfani da yawa wanda ke samar da ruwan sha, ruwan ban ruwa na noma, wutar lantarki, da sauran kayan aikin samar da ruwa.<ref name=":0" /> Adana ruwa yana da cubic mita miliyan 688, kuma ana nufin shi ne don gidajen karkara, Konza da sauran yankuna na gida.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Dam din ya kashe [[Shilling na Kenya|KSh.]] 37 biliyan kuma Kamfanin China Gezhouba Group Company ne ke gina shi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Koech |first=Gilbert |date=25 October 2020 |title=Nema shifts focus to Athi after Nairobi River cleaned up |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/counties/nairobi/2020-10-25-nema-shifts-focus-to-athi-after-nairobi-river-cleaned-up/ |access-date=2021-07-27 |website=The Star |language=en-KE}}</ref> [[Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka|Asusun Ci Gaban Afirka]] ne ya ba da tallafin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenya - Thwake Multi-purpose Water Development Programme – Phase I |url=https://projectsportal.afdb.org/dataportal/VProject/show/P-KE-E00-008 |access-date=2021-07-27 |website=projectsportal.afdb.org}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; == Damuwar gurɓatar ruwa == Bukatar ruwan sha daga madatsar ruwan ya haifar da ayyukan kiyayewa da dama a sama, suna ƙoƙarin samar da ingantaccen ruwa mai tsafta, kamar a yankin da ke da ruwa a Ondiri . <ref name=":2" /> Bugu da ƙari, masana'antu da yawa suna kwarara kai tsaye zuwa cikin kogin. <ref name=":2" /> A watan Yulin 2021, mai binciken ruwa [[Nancy Gathungu]] ta soki madatsar ruwan saboda rashin tsaftataccen ruwa mai aminci da za a riƙe saboda gurɓataccen wuri kamar Kogin Athi . <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-30 |title=Sh81b Thwake Dam project water 'unfit for human use' |url=https://www.pd.co.ke/news/sh81b-thwake-dam-project-water-unfit-for-human-use-83833/ |access-date=2021-07-27 |website=People Daily |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == 0flfl6of9v0opfs7td1kn1cc7t48732 0 153273 842952 2026-05-30T05:10:42Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327102456|Turkwel Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842952 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar wutar lantarki ta Turkwel''', kuma Turkwel Dam, madatsar ruwa ce a kan [[Kogin Turkwel]] kimanin kilomita {{Convert|76|km|mi}} (47 arewacin [[Lorokon]] a West Pokot County, [[Kenya]] . Dam din yana da dalilai da yawa, gami da samar da wutar lantarki, ban ruwa, yawon shakatawa da kamun kifi. An gina shi tsakanin 1986 da 1991. Yana tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki ta uku mafi girma a kasar, tare da shigar da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na 112 MW.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Turkwel History |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=12 |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=Kengen}}</ref>&nbsp; Madatsar ruwa, wacce ita ce mafi tsayi a Kenya, tana da tsayin {{Convert|153|m}}, tsawon tsayin kafa na 150&nbsp;m, girman madatsar ruwa mai girman {{Convert|170,000|m3}} kuma yana riƙe da adadin ruwa na {{Convert|1641|e6m3|acre.ft}} . Tashar wutar lantarki tana ƙarƙashin ƙasa, ƙasa, kuma tana ɗauke da janareto biyu na Francis mai ƙarfin MW 56. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 October 2013 |title=Scenic Turkwel pulls in tourists |url=http://www.ipsos.co.ke/NEWBASE_EXPORTS/KPLC/131031_Daily%20Nation-Celebrating%20Kenya's%20Golden%20Jubilee_17_61157.pdf |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=Ipsos}}</ref> Bambancin tsayi tsakanin wurin ajiyar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki yana ba da damar samun kan ruwa mai ƙarfi na {{Convert|356|m|ft}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tender for Rehabilitation of Turbine Governor & Control Equipment, Excitation System, Generator & Transformer Protections Systems and MV/LV Supply Distribution System for Turkwel Hydro Power Station-Kenya |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/documents/Tender/KGN%20TURK%2016%202011%20Floated%20Tender-Governor%20%20Control%20Equipment%20for%20Turkwel%20Power%20station%20(5)%20Final%20DOC%20(2).pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190033/http://www.kengen.co.ke/documents/Tender/KGN%20TURK%2016%202011%20Floated%20Tender-Governor%20%20Control%20Equipment%20for%20Turkwel%20Power%20station%20(5)%20Final%20DOC%20(2).pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=Kenya Electricity Generating Company Limited |page=44}}</ref> 7kjzm1mbfngq56ian0v3sd5euma979s 842953 842952 2026-05-30T05:11:03Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842953 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar wutar lantarki ta Turkwel''', kuma Turkwel Dam, madatsar ruwa ce a kan [[Kogin Turkwel]] kimanin kilomita {{Convert|76|km|mi}} (47 arewacin [[Lorokon]] a West Pokot County, [[Kenya]] . Dam din yana da dalilai da yawa, gami da samar da wutar lantarki, ban ruwa, yawon shakatawa da kamun kifi. An gina shi tsakanin 1986 da 1991. Yana tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki ta uku mafi girma a kasar, tare da shigar da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na 112 MW.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Turkwel History |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=12 |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=Kengen}}</ref>&nbsp; Madatsar ruwa, wacce ita ce mafi tsayi a Kenya, tana da tsayin {{Convert|153|m}}, tsawon tsayin kafa na 150&nbsp;m, girman madatsar ruwa mai girman {{Convert|170,000|m3}} kuma yana riƙe da adadin ruwa na {{Convert|1641|e6m3|acre.ft}} . Tashar wutar lantarki tana ƙarƙashin ƙasa, ƙasa, kuma tana ɗauke da janareto biyu na Francis mai ƙarfin MW 56. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 October 2013 |title=Scenic Turkwel pulls in tourists |url=http://www.ipsos.co.ke/NEWBASE_EXPORTS/KPLC/131031_Daily%20Nation-Celebrating%20Kenya's%20Golden%20Jubilee_17_61157.pdf |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=Ipsos}}</ref> Bambancin tsayi tsakanin wurin ajiyar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki yana ba da damar samun kan ruwa mai ƙarfi na {{Convert|356|m|ft}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tender for Rehabilitation of Turbine Governor & Control Equipment, Excitation System, Generator & Transformer Protections Systems and MV/LV Supply Distribution System for Turkwel Hydro Power Station-Kenya |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/documents/Tender/KGN%20TURK%2016%202011%20Floated%20Tender-Governor%20%20Control%20Equipment%20for%20Turkwel%20Power%20station%20(5)%20Final%20DOC%20(2).pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190033/http://www.kengen.co.ke/documents/Tender/KGN%20TURK%2016%202011%20Floated%20Tender-Governor%20%20Control%20Equipment%20for%20Turkwel%20Power%20station%20(5)%20Final%20DOC%20(2).pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=22 February 2015 |publisher=Kenya Electricity Generating Company Limited |page=44}}</ref> ==manazarta== kwg75kka7cy2sj47cb3xiiciifbnr0k 0 153274 842954 2026-05-30T05:11:58Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1205671737|Wanjii Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842954 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Wanjii''' tashar wutar lantarki ce ta {{Convert|7.4|MW}} a Kenya.<ref name="About">{{Cite web |last=KENGEN |date=5 April 2016 |title=Kenya Electricity Generating Company: Wanjii Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=13&num=1 |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]] (KENGEN)}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarkin tana kusa da ƙauyen ''Kambirwa'', a gundumar Muranga, kimanin {{Convert|82|km|0}}, ta hanya, arewa maso gabashin [[Nairobi]], babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a Kenya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GFC |date=6 April 2016 |title=Distance between Nairobi, Kenya and Wanjii Power Station, Murang'a, Kenya |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Kenya_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Nairobi%2C%20Kenya&toplace=Wanjii%20Power%20Station%2C%20Murang%27a%2C%20Kenya%2C&dt1=ChIJp0lN2HIRLxgRTJKXslQCz_c&dt2=ChIJp5sYklOiKBgRk7f8Kfszpig |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=Globefeed.com (GFC)}}</ref> Daidaito na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Wanjii sune: 0°44'58.0"S, 37°10'29.0"E (Latitude:-0.749437; Longitude:37.174731). == Bayani == Tashar wutar lantarki tana jawo ruwanta daga Kogin Mathioya da Kogin Maragwa da aka adana a cikin ''madatsar ruwa ta Wanjii'' a ''Kogin Maragwa'' . == Mallaka == 6Kamfanin Samar da Wutar Lantarki na Kenya Electricity, wani kamfani na gwamnatin Kenya ne mallakar tashar wutar lantarki ta Wanjii Hydroelectric Power Company. <ref name="About">{{Cite web |last=KENGEN |date=5 April 2016 |title=Kenya Electricity Generating Company: Wanjii Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=13&num=1 |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]] (KENGEN)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKENGEN2016">KENGEN (5 April 2016). [http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=13&num=1 "Kenya Electricity Generating Company: Wanjii Power Station"]. Nairobi: [[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]] (KENGEN)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> r56wt1stvkwp1cw907qt5q94qheijuk 842955 842954 2026-05-30T05:12:22Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Wanjii''' tashar wutar lantarki ce ta {{Convert|7.4|MW}} a Kenya.<ref name="About">{{Cite web |last=KENGEN |date=5 April 2016 |title=Kenya Electricity Generating Company: Wanjii Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=13&num=1 |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]] (KENGEN)}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarkin tana kusa da ƙauyen ''Kambirwa'', a gundumar Muranga, kimanin {{Convert|82|km|0}}, ta hanya, arewa maso gabashin [[Nairobi]], babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a Kenya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GFC |date=6 April 2016 |title=Distance between Nairobi, Kenya and Wanjii Power Station, Murang'a, Kenya |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Kenya_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Nairobi%2C%20Kenya&toplace=Wanjii%20Power%20Station%2C%20Murang%27a%2C%20Kenya%2C&dt1=ChIJp0lN2HIRLxgRTJKXslQCz_c&dt2=ChIJp5sYklOiKBgRk7f8Kfszpig |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=Globefeed.com (GFC)}}</ref> Daidaito na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Wanjii sune: 0°44'58.0"S, 37°10'29.0"E (Latitude:-0.749437; Longitude:37.174731). == Bayani == Tashar wutar lantarki tana jawo ruwanta daga Kogin Mathioya da Kogin Maragwa da aka adana a cikin ''madatsar ruwa ta Wanjii'' a ''Kogin Maragwa'' . == Mallaka == 6Kamfanin Samar da Wutar Lantarki na Kenya Electricity, wani kamfani na gwamnatin Kenya ne mallakar tashar wutar lantarki ta Wanjii Hydroelectric Power Company. <ref name="About">{{Cite web |last=KENGEN |date=5 April 2016 |title=Kenya Electricity Generating Company: Wanjii Power Station |url=http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=13&num=1 |access-date=6 April 2016 |publisher=[[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]] (KENGEN)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKENGEN2016">KENGEN (5 April 2016). [http://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php?page=business&subpage=hydro&id=13&num=1 "Kenya Electricity Generating Company: Wanjii Power Station"]. Nairobi: [[Kenya Electricity Generating Company]] (KENGEN)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> ==mqnqzarta== 8julirjoptwiufrmwulywbnjjjhsdx2 0 153275 842957 2026-05-30T05:13:14Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1224529186|Taabo Dam]]" 842957 wikitext text/x-wiki Dam din Taabo tashar wutar lantarki ce ta [[Kogin Bandama]] a Côte d'Ivoire tare da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na {{Convert|210|MW}} , wanda ya isa ya ba da wutar lantarki sama da gidaje 141,000.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-07-25 |title=Electrical Power in Côte d'Ivoire |url=http://www.mbendi.com/indy/powr/af/ci/p0005.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108151854/http://www.mbendi.com/indy/powr/af/ci/p0005.htm |archive-date=2009-01-08 |access-date=2009-08-01 |publisher=www.mbendi.com |language=}}</ref> An kafa shi a shekara ta 1975.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Sustainable hydroelectric dam management in the context of climate change : case of the Taabo dam in Cote d'Ivoire, West Africa |url=https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/PAR00020048 |access-date=2024-05-18 |publisher=Sustainability, 11 (18) |page=3 |language=English}}</ref> Wannan madatsar ruwan tana ƙasa daga madatsar ruwa ta Kossou . Wannan "damsar ƙasa da dutse ce tare da yumbu mai tsawon 8100 m da 43 m tsawo. " Yana da "buɗewa biyar da ke ba da matsakaicin damar fitarwa na 3,900 m3/sec ta hanyar ƙofofin radial 11 x 11 m" tare da shimfidar kankare a gefen hagu wanda ke da matakin 113 m sama da matakin teku. == Manazarta == i74fj855wmgsgy7ir4h8yfjfoial9vk 842959 842957 2026-05-30T05:13:43Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842959 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Dam din Taabo tashar wutar lantarki ce ta [[Kogin Bandama]] a Côte d'Ivoire tare da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na {{Convert|210|MW}} , wanda ya isa ya ba da wutar lantarki sama da gidaje 141,000.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-07-25 |title=Electrical Power in Côte d'Ivoire |url=http://www.mbendi.com/indy/powr/af/ci/p0005.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108151854/http://www.mbendi.com/indy/powr/af/ci/p0005.htm |archive-date=2009-01-08 |access-date=2009-08-01 |publisher=www.mbendi.com |language=}}</ref> An kafa shi a shekara ta 1975.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Sustainable hydroelectric dam management in the context of climate change : case of the Taabo dam in Cote d'Ivoire, West Africa |url=https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/PAR00020048 |access-date=2024-05-18 |publisher=Sustainability, 11 (18) |page=3 |language=English}}</ref> Wannan madatsar ruwan tana ƙasa daga madatsar ruwa ta Kossou . Wannan "damsar ƙasa da dutse ce tare da yumbu mai tsawon 8100 m da 43 m tsawo. " Yana da "buɗewa biyar da ke ba da matsakaicin damar fitarwa na 3,900 m3/sec ta hanyar ƙofofin radial 11 x 11 m" tare da shimfidar kankare a gefen hagu wanda ke da matakin 113 m sama da matakin teku. == Manazarta == f0ooha6zf9c1v3p3faovre3a9x374pa 0 153276 842960 2026-05-30T05:14:37Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1279504628|Banieya Dam]]" 842960 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dam din Banieya''' madatsar ruwa ce a kan [[Samou River|Kogin Samou]] a [[Kindia]]_Region" id="mwGw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kindia Region">Yankin Kindia na [[Gini|Guinea]] . Tana da nisan kilomita {{Convert|16|km|mi}} (9.9 a yammacin Kindia. An kammala madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1969 don manufar samar da ruwa. An ba da izinin tashar wutar lantarki ta {{Convert|5.2|MW}} a bakin madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1988. [[Kale Dam|Dam din Kale]], wanda kuma ke tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki, yana ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dams in Africa |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/dams/african_dams.xls |access-date=25 March 2014 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hydroelectric Power Plants in West Africa |url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-africa-w.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090719000622/http://www.industcards.com/hydro%2Dafrica%2Dw.htm |archive-date=2009-07-19 |access-date=25 March 2014 |publisher=IndustCards}}</ref> == Duba kuma == == Manazarta == 0cmfi4wl93li45bmirkf8mexdyobzcc 842961 842960 2026-05-30T05:14:50Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842961 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din Banieya''' madatsar ruwa ce a kan [[Samou River|Kogin Samou]] a [[Kindia]]_Region" id="mwGw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kindia Region">Yankin Kindia na [[Gini|Guinea]] . Tana da nisan kilomita {{Convert|16|km|mi}} (9.9 a yammacin Kindia. An kammala madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1969 don manufar samar da ruwa. An ba da izinin tashar wutar lantarki ta {{Convert|5.2|MW}} a bakin madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1988. [[Kale Dam|Dam din Kale]], wanda kuma ke tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki, yana ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dams in Africa |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/dams/african_dams.xls |access-date=25 March 2014 |publisher=UN FAO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hydroelectric Power Plants in West Africa |url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-africa-w.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090719000622/http://www.industcards.com/hydro%2Dafrica%2Dw.htm |archive-date=2009-07-19 |access-date=25 March 2014 |publisher=IndustCards}}</ref> == Duba kuma == == Manazarta == qividsf860zym88buw2vz95msarsedv 0 153277 842962 2026-05-30T05:15:37Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1260493379|Bongolo Dam (Gabon)]]" 842962 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dam din [[Bongolo, Gabon|Bongolo]]''' madatsar ruwa ce a kan [[Kogin Loutsié|Kogin Louetsi]] a kudu maso yammacin [[Gabon]], kusa da Bongolo . An gina madatsar ruwan a farkon shekarun 1990 tare da saka hannun jari na Kanada. A cikin 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa Société d'énergie et d'eau du Gabon za ta sake gyara madatsar ruwan, tare da maye gurbin turbines guda biyar da suka lalace da sabunta kayan tsaro da tsaro. == Manazarta == 5efylkqr92eggcgmyah4s8s1np8drvp 842963 842962 2026-05-30T05:15:54Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842963 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din [[Bongolo, Gabon|Bongolo]]''' madatsar ruwa ce a kan [[Kogin Loutsié|Kogin Louetsi]] a kudu maso yammacin [[Gabon]], kusa da Bongolo . An gina madatsar ruwan a farkon shekarun 1990 tare da saka hannun jari na Kanada. A cikin 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa Société d'énergie et d'eau du Gabon za ta sake gyara madatsar ruwan, tare da maye gurbin turbines guda biyar da suka lalace da sabunta kayan tsaro da tsaro. == Manazarta == p4isnip2igohizahwqfhiyzhan7qz4n 0 153278 842964 2026-05-30T05:16:28Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1320901919|Addis Mercato]]" 842964 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Merkato''' (Amharic; [[Italiyanci]]: "[[Kasuwa (wuri)|kasuwa]]") babbar kasuwa ce a cikin Addis Ketema, gundumar [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha, kuma sunan yana nufin unguwar da yake ciki. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Mercato ita ce babbar kasuwar bude ido a Afirka, wadda ta mamaye murabba'in mil da dama kuma tana daukar ma'aikata kimanin mutane 13,000 a cikin kamfanoni 7,100. [ana buƙatar hutu] Babban kayan da ake sayarwa a Merkato shine kayayyakin noma da ake nomawa a gida - musamman kofi. Kafin Mercato na yanzu, akwai kasuwa mai budewa a Addis Ababa kusa da St. George Church a shafin da City Hall ke tsaye yanzu, amma ya ƙare tare da aikin Italiya na shekarun 1930. Masu zama sun tura kasuwar zuwa yamma zuwa yankin da ke kusa da gidan Fitawrari Habte Giyorgis Dinagde, wanda suka kira '''Merkato Dinagde'''. Don haka, Addis Merkato na yanzu an kafa shi ne ta hanyar manufofin wariyar launin fata na gwamnatin sana'a ta Italiya. A halin yanzu, Italiyanci sun ƙuntata tarihin St. George Merkato ga Turawa, sun sake masa suna Piazza, wanda ke nuna shagunan salon Turai waɗanda ke nuna kayayyaki ta hanyar windows na gilashi. Yawancin 'yan kasuwa Larabawa waɗanda ke da shagunan a can daga ƙarshe sun koma rabin mil zuwa yamma. A tsawon lokaci, masu sayar da kayayyaki na cikin gida sun kori 'yan kasuwa Larabawa kuma, tun daga shekarun 1960, Addis Merkato yana da dandano na cikin gida. Mercato Dijino ba shi da wani shiri kuma a hankali ya girma a fadin da faɗin yana ɗaukar nau'ikan hannun jari daban-daban da ake kira "terras". === Merkato a matsayin wurin yawon bude ido === Ya zuwa 2024, yana daya daga cikin shahararrun gumakan yawon bude ido don yawon shakatawa na ranar Addis Ababa saboda girmansa. Babban ayyukan da ke Merkato don kwarewar gida ne. Kodayake ita ce babbar kasuwar budewa ta Afirka, ba wurin cin kasuwa ba ne ga masu yawon bude ido. Duk da yake wasu zaman kamar kofi, kayan yaji da wuraren cin abinci na gida na iya zama masu dacewa ga masu yawon bude ido, yawancin zaman Merkato na da yawa ne ga masu sayar da kayayyaki ciki har da zaman sake amfani da ƙarfe, zaman kayan ɗaki da zaman kayan lantarki na gida. <ref>{{Cite web |last=K |first=Regulus |date=2024-10-18 |title=Visit Or Not? Merkato Addis Ababa Ethiopia Ultimate Review |url=https://escapewithannualleave.com/merkato-addis-ababa-ethiopia-review/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Escape With Annual Leave |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == 1xx767rlfpr0hu699ih8atrgdr7jryb 842967 842964 2026-05-30T05:16:54Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 842967 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Merkato''' (Amharic; [[Italiyanci]]: "[[Kasuwa (wuri)|kasuwa]]") babbar kasuwa ce a cikin Addis Ketema, gundumar [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha, kuma sunan yana nufin unguwar da yake ciki. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Mercato ita ce babbar kasuwar bude ido a Afirka, wadda ta mamaye murabba'in mil da dama kuma tana daukar ma'aikata kimanin mutane 13,000 a cikin kamfanoni 7,100. [ana buƙatar hutu] Babban kayan da ake sayarwa a Merkato shine kayayyakin noma da ake nomawa a gida - musamman kofi. Kafin Mercato na yanzu, akwai kasuwa mai budewa a Addis Ababa kusa da St. George Church a shafin da City Hall ke tsaye yanzu, amma ya ƙare tare da aikin Italiya na shekarun 1930. Masu zama sun tura kasuwar zuwa yamma zuwa yankin da ke kusa da gidan Fitawrari Habte Giyorgis Dinagde, wanda suka kira '''Merkato Dinagde'''. Don haka, Addis Merkato na yanzu an kafa shi ne ta hanyar manufofin wariyar launin fata na gwamnatin sana'a ta Italiya. A halin yanzu, Italiyanci sun ƙuntata tarihin St. George Merkato ga Turawa, sun sake masa suna Piazza, wanda ke nuna shagunan salon Turai waɗanda ke nuna kayayyaki ta hanyar windows na gilashi. Yawancin 'yan kasuwa Larabawa waɗanda ke da shagunan a can daga ƙarshe sun koma rabin mil zuwa yamma. A tsawon lokaci, masu sayar da kayayyaki na cikin gida sun kori 'yan kasuwa Larabawa kuma, tun daga shekarun 1960, Addis Merkato yana da dandano na cikin gida. Mercato Dijino ba shi da wani shiri kuma a hankali ya girma a fadin da faɗin yana ɗaukar nau'ikan hannun jari daban-daban da ake kira "terras". === Merkato a matsayin wurin yawon bude ido === Ya zuwa 2024, yana daya daga cikin shahararrun gumakan yawon bude ido don yawon shakatawa na ranar Addis Ababa saboda girmansa. Babban ayyukan da ke Merkato don kwarewar gida ne. Kodayake ita ce babbar kasuwar budewa ta Afirka, ba wurin cin kasuwa ba ne ga masu yawon bude ido. Duk da yake wasu zaman kamar kofi, kayan yaji da wuraren cin abinci na gida na iya zama masu dacewa ga masu yawon bude ido, yawancin zaman Merkato na da yawa ne ga masu sayar da kayayyaki ciki har da zaman sake amfani da ƙarfe, zaman kayan ɗaki da zaman kayan lantarki na gida. <ref>{{Cite web |last=K |first=Regulus |date=2024-10-18 |title=Visit Or Not? Merkato Addis Ababa Ethiopia Ultimate Review |url=https://escapewithannualleave.com/merkato-addis-ababa-ethiopia-review/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Escape With Annual Leave |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == gb2vc4dnlnsnnp8sx0y71c3ztesfgdm 0 153279 842966 2026-05-30T05:16:47Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355989238|Gilgel Gibe III Dam]]" 842966 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dam din Gilgel Gaba II''' madatsar ruwa ce mai tsayi 250 m tare da tashar wutar lantarki mai alaƙa a kan [[Kogin Omo]] a [[Itofiya|Habasha]]. Tana kusa da kilomita {{Cvt|62|km}} (39 yammacin Sodi a cikin Yankin Yankin Kudancin Habasha. A lokacin da aka ba da cikakken aikin, madatsar ruwan ita ce ta uku mafi girma a Afirka tare da fitar da wutar lantarki kusan 1,870 Megawatt (MW), don haka fiye da ninki biyu na jimlar shigarwar Habasha daga matakin 2007 na 814 MW. Dam din Gibe III wani bangare ne na cascade na Gibe, jerin madatsun ruwa ciki har da madatsar ruwa ta Gibe I (184 MW) da tashar wutar lantarki ta Gibe II (420 MW) da kuma madatsar ruwan Gibe IV (1,472 MW) da Gibe V (560 MW). Dam din da ke akwai mallakar kuma ana sarrafa su ne ta kamfanin lantarki na Habasha, wanda kuma shine abokin ciniki na Dam din Gibe III.&nbsp; Aikin dalar Amurka biliyan 1.8 ya fara ne a shekarar 2006, kuma an fara samar da wutar lantarki a watan Oktoban 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2013 |title=Ethiopia: Gilgel Gibe III to Start Operation in September, 2014 |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201312231556.html |access-date=13 October 2014 |publisher=allAfrica.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 September 2014 |title=Ethiopia's Gibe III dam 87% complete |url=http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/news/newsethiopias-gibe-iii-dam-87-complete-4380259 |access-date=22 November 2014 |publisher=Water Power & Dam Construction}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 November 2015 |title=Ethiopia's massive Gilgel Gibe III Dam starts power generation |url=http://thisisafrica.me/ethiopias-gilgel-gibe-iii-dam-starts-power-generation/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202013218/http://thisisafrica.me/ethiopias-gilgel-gibe-iii-dam-starts-power-generation/ |archive-date=2 February 2016 |access-date=13 October 2015 |publisher=This is Africa}}</ref> Sauran janareton sun fara aiki a shekarar 2016. Aikin ya fuskanci jinkiri sosai; a watan Mayun 2012, an shirya kammala aikin a watan Yunin 2013. Firayim Minista [[Hailemariam Desalegn]] ne ya kaddamar da madatsar ruwan a ranar 17 ga Disamba, 2016. == Zane == Madatsar ruwa ta Gilgel Gibe III ita ce {{Cvt|610|m|ft|-long}} da kuma {{Cvt|243|m}} madatsar ruwa mai cike da siminti mai tsayi. Yana hana ƙarfin ma'ajiyar ruwa na {{Cvt|14.7|km3|mi3}} da kuma faɗin saman {{Cvt|210|km2|mi2}} , an tattara daga yankin magudanar ruwa na {{Cvt|34150|km2|mi2}} . Ma'ajiyar ma'ajiyar ruwa mai rai (mai aiki ko "mai amfani") ita ce {{Cvt|11.75|km3|mi3}} da kuma ma'ajiyar matattun {{Cvt|2.95|km3|mi3}} . Matsayin aiki na yau da kullun na ma'ajiyar ruwa shine {{Cvt|892|m|ft}} sama da matakin teku tare da matsakaicin {{Cvt|893|m}} kuma aƙalla {{Cvt|800|m|ft}} . [[Hanyar Zube|Magudanar ruwa]] ta madatsar ruwa tana da {{Cvt|108|m}} mai tsayi da [[Kofar ambaliya|ƙofar ambaliyar ruwa -]] wanda aka sarrafa shi tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin fitarwa na {{Cvt|18000|m3/s|ft3/s}} . Ruwa sama da {{Cvt|873|m}} sama da matakin teku za a iya fitar da shi ta ƙofofinsa. Ciyar da gidan wutar lantarki na madatsar ruwa akwai ramuka biyu waɗanda kowanne ya rarrafe zuwa ramuka biyar daban-daban ga kowane injin turbine. Gidan wutar lantarki yana ɗauke da tankuna 187 guda goma.&nbsp;Injinan samar da wutar lantarki na MW waɗanda injinan Francis ke tallafawa don jimlar ƙarfin wutar lantarki 1,870&nbsp;MW. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gibe III Hydroelectric Project Official Website - Brief |url=http://www.gibe3.com.et/brief.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502005105/http://www.gibe3.com.et/brief.html |archive-date=2 May 2016 |access-date=26 September 2010 |publisher=Gibe3 Hydroelectric Project}}</ref> Tsarin farko na madatsar ruwan ya yi nuni da madatsar ruwan da ke cike da duwatsu. Duk da haka, saboda matsaloli wajen samun isasshen inshora ga madatsar ruwan da ke cike da duwatsu, an canza tsarin zuwa siminti mai cike da na'urori. == fa'idodi == Babban fa'idar madatsar ruwan ita ce samar da wutar lantarki [[Makamashi mai sabuntawa|mai sabuntawa]] kuma ana iya tura ta . An yi hasashen cewa za ta samar da kusan rabin wutar lantarki ga Habasha sannan ta fitar da sauran rabin zuwa [[Kenya]] (500 MW), [[Sudan]] (200 MW) da [[Jibuti (ƙasa)|Djibouti]] (200 MW). Duk da haka, an daɗe ana jinkiri wajen cimma Yarjejeniyar Siyan Wutar Lantarki . Kenya ce kawai ta sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Fahimta don siyan wutar lantarki daga madatsar ruwan. Bankin Duniya ya amince da ba da kuɗaɗen layin wutar lantarki ga Kenya a watan Yulin 2012. Samun damar shiga tashar wutar lantarki a Habasha a halin yanzu yana da ƙasa sosai. Kasa da kashi 2% na al'ummar karkara ta Habasha, wanda ya kai kashi 85% na jimillar al'ummar, suna da damar shiga tashar. Tare da goyon bayan Bankin Duniya, gwamnati tana gudanar da wani babban aiki na faɗaɗa hanyar samun wutar lantarki a yankunan karkara. A shekara ta 2003, ƙarancin ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki tare da mummunan fari ya haifar da katsewar wutar lantarki na tsawon awanni 15 sau biyu a mako na tsawon watanni shida, wanda ya yi sanadiyyar asarar tattalin arziki da aka kiyasta dala miliyan 200. A shekara ta 2008 da 2009, Habasha ta sake fuskantar katsewar wutar lantarki da raguwar wutar lantarki . A cewar International Rivers Network, katsewar wutar lantarki ya faru ne sakamakon fari, saboda kusan dukkan samar da wutar lantarki a Habasha ana amfani da wutar lantarki ne. A cewar wannan majiya, duk da karuwar damar shiga tashar wutar lantarki, yawan amfani da wutar lantarki zai iya kasancewa ƙasa a nan gaba saboda matakin talauci da ake ciki. <ref name="IRN" /> Ko da ba tare da tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta Gibe III ba, a cewar wata majiya, Habasha tana da isasshen ƙarfin da aka sanya na megawatts 400. A karkashin shirye-shiryen ci gaban Habasha na yanzu, an ce kasar za ta dogara da wutar lantarki fiye da kashi 95% a kan ruwa. Habasha ta yi hasashen cewa fitar da wutar lantarki zai samar da kudaden shiga kusan dala miliyan 407 a kowace shekara, wanda ya zarce darajar fitar da kofi mafi daraja a kasar, wato kofi. <ref name="IRN" /> mibdfuojchjfu1th46lereyhra1j8q9 842968 842966 2026-05-30T05:17:09Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842968 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din Gilgel Gaba II''' madatsar ruwa ce mai tsayi 250 m tare da tashar wutar lantarki mai alaƙa a kan [[Kogin Omo]] a [[Itofiya|Habasha]]. Tana kusa da kilomita {{Cvt|62|km}} (39 yammacin Sodi a cikin Yankin Yankin Kudancin Habasha. A lokacin da aka ba da cikakken aikin, madatsar ruwan ita ce ta uku mafi girma a Afirka tare da fitar da wutar lantarki kusan 1,870 Megawatt (MW), don haka fiye da ninki biyu na jimlar shigarwar Habasha daga matakin 2007 na 814 MW. Dam din Gibe III wani bangare ne na cascade na Gibe, jerin madatsun ruwa ciki har da madatsar ruwa ta Gibe I (184 MW) da tashar wutar lantarki ta Gibe II (420 MW) da kuma madatsar ruwan Gibe IV (1,472 MW) da Gibe V (560 MW). Dam din da ke akwai mallakar kuma ana sarrafa su ne ta kamfanin lantarki na Habasha, wanda kuma shine abokin ciniki na Dam din Gibe III.&nbsp; Aikin dalar Amurka biliyan 1.8 ya fara ne a shekarar 2006, kuma an fara samar da wutar lantarki a watan Oktoban 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2013 |title=Ethiopia: Gilgel Gibe III to Start Operation in September, 2014 |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201312231556.html |access-date=13 October 2014 |publisher=allAfrica.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 September 2014 |title=Ethiopia's Gibe III dam 87% complete |url=http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/news/newsethiopias-gibe-iii-dam-87-complete-4380259 |access-date=22 November 2014 |publisher=Water Power & Dam Construction}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 November 2015 |title=Ethiopia's massive Gilgel Gibe III Dam starts power generation |url=http://thisisafrica.me/ethiopias-gilgel-gibe-iii-dam-starts-power-generation/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202013218/http://thisisafrica.me/ethiopias-gilgel-gibe-iii-dam-starts-power-generation/ |archive-date=2 February 2016 |access-date=13 October 2015 |publisher=This is Africa}}</ref> Sauran janareton sun fara aiki a shekarar 2016. Aikin ya fuskanci jinkiri sosai; a watan Mayun 2012, an shirya kammala aikin a watan Yunin 2013. Firayim Minista [[Hailemariam Desalegn]] ne ya kaddamar da madatsar ruwan a ranar 17 ga Disamba, 2016. == Zane == Madatsar ruwa ta Gilgel Gibe III ita ce {{Cvt|610|m|ft|-long}} da kuma {{Cvt|243|m}} madatsar ruwa mai cike da siminti mai tsayi. Yana hana ƙarfin ma'ajiyar ruwa na {{Cvt|14.7|km3|mi3}} da kuma faɗin saman {{Cvt|210|km2|mi2}} , an tattara daga yankin magudanar ruwa na {{Cvt|34150|km2|mi2}} . Ma'ajiyar ma'ajiyar ruwa mai rai (mai aiki ko "mai amfani") ita ce {{Cvt|11.75|km3|mi3}} da kuma ma'ajiyar matattun {{Cvt|2.95|km3|mi3}} . Matsayin aiki na yau da kullun na ma'ajiyar ruwa shine {{Cvt|892|m|ft}} sama da matakin teku tare da matsakaicin {{Cvt|893|m}} kuma aƙalla {{Cvt|800|m|ft}} . [[Hanyar Zube|Magudanar ruwa]] ta madatsar ruwa tana da {{Cvt|108|m}} mai tsayi da [[Kofar ambaliya|ƙofar ambaliyar ruwa -]] wanda aka sarrafa shi tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin fitarwa na {{Cvt|18000|m3/s|ft3/s}} . Ruwa sama da {{Cvt|873|m}} sama da matakin teku za a iya fitar da shi ta ƙofofinsa. Ciyar da gidan wutar lantarki na madatsar ruwa akwai ramuka biyu waɗanda kowanne ya rarrafe zuwa ramuka biyar daban-daban ga kowane injin turbine. Gidan wutar lantarki yana ɗauke da tankuna 187 guda goma.&nbsp;Injinan samar da wutar lantarki na MW waɗanda injinan Francis ke tallafawa don jimlar ƙarfin wutar lantarki 1,870&nbsp;MW. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gibe III Hydroelectric Project Official Website - Brief |url=http://www.gibe3.com.et/brief.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502005105/http://www.gibe3.com.et/brief.html |archive-date=2 May 2016 |access-date=26 September 2010 |publisher=Gibe3 Hydroelectric Project}}</ref> Tsarin farko na madatsar ruwan ya yi nuni da madatsar ruwan da ke cike da duwatsu. Duk da haka, saboda matsaloli wajen samun isasshen inshora ga madatsar ruwan da ke cike da duwatsu, an canza tsarin zuwa siminti mai cike da na'urori. == fa'idodi == Babban fa'idar madatsar ruwan ita ce samar da wutar lantarki [[Makamashi mai sabuntawa|mai sabuntawa]] kuma ana iya tura ta . An yi hasashen cewa za ta samar da kusan rabin wutar lantarki ga Habasha sannan ta fitar da sauran rabin zuwa [[Kenya]] (500 MW), [[Sudan]] (200 MW) da [[Jibuti (ƙasa)|Djibouti]] (200 MW). Duk da haka, an daɗe ana jinkiri wajen cimma Yarjejeniyar Siyan Wutar Lantarki . Kenya ce kawai ta sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Fahimta don siyan wutar lantarki daga madatsar ruwan. Bankin Duniya ya amince da ba da kuɗaɗen layin wutar lantarki ga Kenya a watan Yulin 2012. Samun damar shiga tashar wutar lantarki a Habasha a halin yanzu yana da ƙasa sosai. Kasa da kashi 2% na al'ummar karkara ta Habasha, wanda ya kai kashi 85% na jimillar al'ummar, suna da damar shiga tashar. Tare da goyon bayan Bankin Duniya, gwamnati tana gudanar da wani babban aiki na faɗaɗa hanyar samun wutar lantarki a yankunan karkara. A shekara ta 2003, ƙarancin ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki tare da mummunan fari ya haifar da katsewar wutar lantarki na tsawon awanni 15 sau biyu a mako na tsawon watanni shida, wanda ya yi sanadiyyar asarar tattalin arziki da aka kiyasta dala miliyan 200. A shekara ta 2008 da 2009, Habasha ta sake fuskantar katsewar wutar lantarki da raguwar wutar lantarki . A cewar International Rivers Network, katsewar wutar lantarki ya faru ne sakamakon fari, saboda kusan dukkan samar da wutar lantarki a Habasha ana amfani da wutar lantarki ne. A cewar wannan majiya, duk da karuwar damar shiga tashar wutar lantarki, yawan amfani da wutar lantarki zai iya kasancewa ƙasa a nan gaba saboda matakin talauci da ake ciki. <ref name="IRN" /> Ko da ba tare da tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta Gibe III ba, a cewar wata majiya, Habasha tana da isasshen ƙarfin da aka sanya na megawatts 400. A karkashin shirye-shiryen ci gaban Habasha na yanzu, an ce kasar za ta dogara da wutar lantarki fiye da kashi 95% a kan ruwa. Habasha ta yi hasashen cewa fitar da wutar lantarki zai samar da kudaden shiga kusan dala miliyan 407 a kowace shekara, wanda ya zarce darajar fitar da kofi mafi daraja a kasar, wato kofi. <ref name="IRN" /> ==manazarta== i81y45tv3yhw25mwxfa3vkpoigq7bt6 0 153280 842969 2026-05-30T05:17:10Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354912469|Gikomba market]]" 842969 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kasuwar Gikomba''' kasuwa ce mai budewa a [[Nairobi|Nairobi, Kenya]] . Kasuwar ta haɗa da masu siyar da kayayyaki iri-iri, gami da abinci da tufafi.<sup class="mw-ref reference" cx-link="" data-linkid="9" href="./Mitumba_(clothing)" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mitumba (clothing)">mitumba shopping<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;url<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;<nowiki>https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/kenyans-make-big-bucks-from-mitumba-shopping-4951642#story&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;access-date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;2025-03-16&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;website&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Nation&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;language&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;en&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}</nowiki>]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwbg\"><nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt4\" class=\"citation web cs1\" id=\"mwbw\" data-ve-ignore=\"\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/kenyans-make-big-bucks-from-mitumba-shopping-4951642#story\" id=\"mwcA\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Gikomba 'plugs': Young Kenyans make big bucks from mitumba shopping\"</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwcQ\">Nation</i></nowiki>. 5 March 2025<nowiki><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mwcg\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwcw\">16 March</span></nowiki> 2025<nowiki></span></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Gikomba_market#cite_note-1 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kinyanjui |first=Maureen |date=2024-06-28 |title=The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires |url=https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Eastleigh Voice News |language=en}}</ref> An san shi musamman don samun adadi mai yawa na masu sayar da tufafi na biyu (mitumba), wanda aka ruwaito shi ne mafi yawan kowane kasuwa a kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mutiti |first=James Kariuki |date=2002-07-02 |title=Gikomba Market Literature: Reflections on the Identity and Aspirations of a Common Entrepreneurial Folk |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/fabl.2002.015/htmlhttps://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/fabl.2002.015/htmlhttps://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/fabl.2002.015/html |journal=Fabula |language=en |volume=43 |issue=1–2 |pages=129–138 |doi=10.1515/fabl.2002.015 |issn= |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kajilwa |first=Graham |title=Tracing the origins of Gikomba market |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001285918/tracing-the-origins-of-gikomba-market |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Standard |language=en}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Gikomba a farkon shekarun 1950. An rushe kasuwar a karo na farko a cikin shekarun 1970. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kinyanjui |first=Maureen |date=2024-06-28 |title=The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires |url=https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Eastleigh Voice News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKinyanjui2024">Kinyanjui, Maureen (28 June 2024). [https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires "The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires"]. ''The Eastleigh Voice News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 1990 gwamnatin Kenya ta rushe kasuwar, saboda yaduwar siyarwa ba bisa ka'ida ba.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Robertson |first=Claire C. |date=2007 |title=Whose crime? Arson, class warfare and traders in Nairobi, 1940-2000 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42708681 |journal=Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=25–48 |doi=10.4000/chs.109 |issn=1422-0857 |jstor=42708681}}</ref> Kasuwar ta ga gobara da yawa, [1] musamman "Great Gikomba Fire" a ranar 6 ga Satumba 2000, wanda ya ƙone sa'o'i takwas a cikin sashin tufafin da aka yi amfani da shi na kasuwa. [2] A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2014, An kashe bama-bamai biyu a kasuwa.[3] A cikin 2014, gwamnatin Nairobi ta ba da rahoton cewa kusan mutane 65,000 sun yi aiki a wasu wurare a kasuwa, kuma akwai kimanin shaguna 10,000 daban-daban. Ya zuwa 2024, gwamnati ta ba da rahoton cewa mutane 100,000 sun yi aiki a kasuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kinyanjui |first=Maureen |date=2024-06-28 |title=The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires |url=https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Eastleigh Voice News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKinyanjui2024">Kinyanjui, Maureen (28 June 2024). [https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires "The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires"]. ''The Eastleigh Voice News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == 2026 Rugujewa ta bangare == A farkon safiyar ranar 31 ga watan Maris, hukumomin Gundumar Nairobi sun rushe wani bangare na sashin takalma na kasuwa bayan faduwar sanarwa ta kwana 30.<ref name="KTN News YouTube">{{Cite web |date=31 March 2026 |title=Gikomba traders count massive losses after overnight demolitions wipe out businesses |url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml9VgX_Lr-Q&feature=youtu.be |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=YouTube |publisher=KTN News Kenya |type=video}}</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan ambaliyar ruwa ta Kenya ta 2026 wacce ta hada da ambaliyar yankuna kusa da bankunan ruwa tare da jami'ai suna cewa matakin zai rage haɗarin da irin waɗannan bala'o'in nan gaba suka kawo.<ref name="The Star" /> An soki wannan matakin saboda rashin wasu tsare-tsaren ga 'yan kasuwa.<ref name="KTN News YouTube" /> == Sake ginawa == Rushewar za ta ci gaba a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban shirin don sake ginawa ta amfani da tsarin zamani.<ref name="Daily Nation" /> Sashe na farko na aikin an tsara shi zai kasance na watanni 4 zuwa 6 tare da duk aikin da ya fi Ksh tsada. Biliyan 5. == Manazarta == ka287rp7mci7nl3x9vth1ctck2thbfe 842970 842969 2026-05-30T05:17:44Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 842970 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kasuwar Gikomba''' kasuwa ce mai budewa a [[Nairobi|Nairobi, Kenya]] . Kasuwar ta haɗa da masu siyar da kayayyaki iri-iri, gami da abinci da tufafi.<sup class="mw-ref reference" cx-link="" data-linkid="9" href="./Mitumba_(clothing)" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mitumba (clothing)">mitumba shopping<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;url<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;<nowiki>https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/kenyans-make-big-bucks-from-mitumba-shopping-4951642#story&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;access-date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;2025-03-16&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;website&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Nation&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;language&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;en&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}</nowiki>]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwbg\"><nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt4\" class=\"citation web cs1\" id=\"mwbw\" data-ve-ignore=\"\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/kenyans-make-big-bucks-from-mitumba-shopping-4951642#story\" id=\"mwcA\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Gikomba 'plugs': Young Kenyans make big bucks from mitumba shopping\"</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwcQ\">Nation</i></nowiki>. 5 March 2025<nowiki><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mwcg\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwcw\">16 March</span></nowiki> 2025<nowiki></span></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Gikomba_market#cite_note-1 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kinyanjui |first=Maureen |date=2024-06-28 |title=The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires |url=https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Eastleigh Voice News |language=en}}</ref> An san shi musamman don samun adadi mai yawa na masu sayar da tufafi na biyu (mitumba), wanda aka ruwaito shi ne mafi yawan kowane kasuwa a kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mutiti |first=James Kariuki |date=2002-07-02 |title=Gikomba Market Literature: Reflections on the Identity and Aspirations of a Common Entrepreneurial Folk |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/fabl.2002.015/htmlhttps://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/fabl.2002.015/htmlhttps://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/fabl.2002.015/html |journal=Fabula |language=en |volume=43 |issue=1–2 |pages=129–138 |doi=10.1515/fabl.2002.015 |issn= |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kajilwa |first=Graham |title=Tracing the origins of Gikomba market |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001285918/tracing-the-origins-of-gikomba-market |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Standard |language=en}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Gikomba a farkon shekarun 1950. An rushe kasuwar a karo na farko a cikin shekarun 1970. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kinyanjui |first=Maureen |date=2024-06-28 |title=The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires |url=https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Eastleigh Voice News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKinyanjui2024">Kinyanjui, Maureen (28 June 2024). [https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires "The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires"]. ''The Eastleigh Voice News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 1990 gwamnatin Kenya ta rushe kasuwar, saboda yaduwar siyarwa ba bisa ka'ida ba.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Robertson |first=Claire C. |date=2007 |title=Whose crime? Arson, class warfare and traders in Nairobi, 1940-2000 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42708681 |journal=Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=25–48 |doi=10.4000/chs.109 |issn=1422-0857 |jstor=42708681}}</ref> Kasuwar ta ga gobara da yawa, [1] musamman "Great Gikomba Fire" a ranar 6 ga Satumba 2000, wanda ya ƙone sa'o'i takwas a cikin sashin tufafin da aka yi amfani da shi na kasuwa. [2] A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2014, An kashe bama-bamai biyu a kasuwa.[3] A cikin 2014, gwamnatin Nairobi ta ba da rahoton cewa kusan mutane 65,000 sun yi aiki a wasu wurare a kasuwa, kuma akwai kimanin shaguna 10,000 daban-daban. Ya zuwa 2024, gwamnati ta ba da rahoton cewa mutane 100,000 sun yi aiki a kasuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kinyanjui |first=Maureen |date=2024-06-28 |title=The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires |url=https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Eastleigh Voice News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKinyanjui2024">Kinyanjui, Maureen (28 June 2024). [https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires "The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires"]. ''The Eastleigh Voice News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == 2026 Rugujewa ta bangare == A farkon safiyar ranar 31 ga watan Maris, hukumomin Gundumar Nairobi sun rushe wani bangare na sashin takalma na kasuwa bayan faduwar sanarwa ta kwana 30.<ref name="KTN News YouTube">{{Cite web |date=31 March 2026 |title=Gikomba traders count massive losses after overnight demolitions wipe out businesses |url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml9VgX_Lr-Q&feature=youtu.be |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=YouTube |publisher=KTN News Kenya |type=video}}</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan ambaliyar ruwa ta Kenya ta 2026 wacce ta hada da ambaliyar yankuna kusa da bankunan ruwa tare da jami'ai suna cewa matakin zai rage haɗarin da irin waɗannan bala'o'in nan gaba suka kawo.<ref name="The Star" /> An soki wannan matakin saboda rashin wasu tsare-tsaren ga 'yan kasuwa.<ref name="KTN News YouTube" /> == Sake ginawa == Rushewar za ta ci gaba a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban shirin don sake ginawa ta amfani da tsarin zamani.<ref name="Daily Nation" /> Sashe na farko na aikin an tsara shi zai kasance na watanni 4 zuwa 6 tare da duk aikin da ya fi Ksh tsada. Biliyan 5. == Manazarta == a6wg91ruam0oq6jmx28vdrzwfztsi3y 842978 842970 2026-05-30T05:21:10Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 842978 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kasuwar Gikomba''' kasuwa ce mai budewa a [[Nairobi|Nairobi, Kenya]] . Kasuwar ta haɗa da masu siyar da kayayyaki iri-iri, gami da abinci da <sup class="mw-ref reference" cx-link="" data-linkid="9" href="./Mitumba_(clothing)" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mitumba (clothing)">from mitumba shopping\"</a>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwcQ\">Nation</i></nowiki>. 5 March 2025<nowiki><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mwcg\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwcw\">16 March</span></nowiki> 2025<nowiki></span></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Gikomba_market#cite_note-1 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kinyanjui |first=Maureen |date=2024-06-28 |title=The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires |url=https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Eastleigh Voice News |language=en}}</ref> An san shi musamman don samun adadi mai yawa na masu sayar da tufafi na biyu (mitumba), wanda aka ruwaito shi ne mafi yawan kowane kasuwa a kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mutiti |first=James Kariuki |date=2002-07-02 |title=Gikomba Market Literature: Reflections on the Identity and Aspirations of a Common Entrepreneurial Folk |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/fabl.2002.015/htmlhttps://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/fabl.2002.015/htmlhttps://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/fabl.2002.015/html |journal=Fabula |language=en |volume=43 |issue=1–2 |pages=129–138 |doi=10.1515/fabl.2002.015 |issn= |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kajilwa |first=Graham |title=Tracing the origins of Gikomba market |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001285918/tracing-the-origins-of-gikomba-market |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Standard |language=en}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Gikomba a farkon shekarun 1950. An rushe kasuwar a karo na farko a cikin shekarun 1970. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kinyanjui |first=Maureen |date=2024-06-28 |title=The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires |url=https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Eastleigh Voice News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKinyanjui2024">Kinyanjui, Maureen (28 June 2024). [https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires "The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires"]. ''The Eastleigh Voice News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 1990 gwamnatin Kenya ta rushe kasuwar, saboda yaduwar siyarwa ba bisa ka'ida ba.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Robertson |first=Claire C. |date=2007 |title=Whose crime? Arson, class warfare and traders in Nairobi, 1940-2000 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42708681 |journal=Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=25–48 |doi=10.4000/chs.109 |issn=1422-0857 |jstor=42708681}}</ref> Kasuwar ta ga gobara da yawa, [1] musamman "Great Gikomba Fire" a ranar 6 ga Satumba 2000, wanda ya ƙone sa'o'i takwas a cikin sashin tufafin da aka yi amfani da shi na kasuwa. [2] A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2014, An kashe bama-bamai biyu a kasuwa.[3] A cikin 2014, gwamnatin Nairobi ta ba da rahoton cewa kusan mutane 65,000 sun yi aiki a wasu wurare a kasuwa, kuma akwai kimanin shaguna 10,000 daban-daban. Ya zuwa 2024, gwamnati ta ba da rahoton cewa mutane 100,000 sun yi aiki a kasuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kinyanjui |first=Maureen |date=2024-06-28 |title=The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires |url=https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=The Eastleigh Voice News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKinyanjui2024">Kinyanjui, Maureen (28 June 2024). [https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/city-affairs/54316/the-history-of-nairobis-gikomba-market-and-its-perennial-mysterious-fires "The history of Nairobi's Gikomba market and its perennial mysterious fires"]. ''The Eastleigh Voice News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == 2026 Rugujewa ta bangare == A farkon safiyar ranar 31 ga watan Maris, hukumomin Gundumar Nairobi sun rushe wani bangare na sashin takalma na kasuwa bayan faduwar sanarwa ta kwana 30.<ref name="KTN News YouTube">{{Cite web |date=31 March 2026 |title=Gikomba traders count massive losses after overnight demolitions wipe out businesses |url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml9VgX_Lr-Q&feature=youtu.be |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=YouTube |publisher=KTN News Kenya |type=video}}</ref> Wannan ya faru ne bayan ambaliyar ruwa ta Kenya ta 2026 wacce ta hada da ambaliyar yankuna kusa da bankunan ruwa tare da jami'ai suna cewa matakin zai rage haɗarin da irin waɗannan bala'o'in nan gaba suka kawo.<ref name="The Star" /> An soki wannan matakin saboda rashin wasu tsare-tsaren ga 'yan kasuwa.<ref name="KTN News YouTube" /> == Sake ginawa == Rushewar za ta ci gaba a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban shirin don sake ginawa ta amfani da tsarin zamani.<ref name="Daily Nation" /> Sashe na farko na aikin an tsara shi zai kasance na watanni 4 zuwa 6 tare da duk aikin da ya fi Ksh tsada. Biliyan 5. == Manazarta == ertw4rmfc2lgkjsfht8bqolabxvsjy8 0 153281 842971 2026-05-30T05:18:02Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1319238648|Koysha Dam]]" 842971 wikitext text/x-wiki Koysha Dam madatsar ruwa ce mai amfani da wutar lantarki wacce ake ginawa tun 2016 a kan [[Kogin Omo]] a yankin Kudu maso Yammacin Habasha. mallakar wutar lantarki ta Habasha (EEP), madatsar ruwan za ta samar da har zuwa {{Val|6460}} na wutar lantarki a kowace shekara. A watan Mayu 2016, kamfanin Salini Impregilo na Italiya ya yi kwangila tare da EEP don gina madatsar ruwan, wanda zai kasance {{Val|180}} tsawo kuma an yi shi da siminti mai laushi (RCC). Girman tafkin zai zama 9×{{Val|9e9}}. Da zarar an kammala, madatsar ruwan za ta zama madatsar ruwa ta biyu mafi girma a Habasha bayan Babban Madatsar Rashin Gabas ta Habasha (GERD). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Koysha Hydroelectric Power Project |url=https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/projects/koysha-hydroelectric-power-project/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=NS Energy |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=SudanTribune |date=2016-05-26 |title=Italian firm signs contract for new Ethiopian dam |url=https://sudantribune.com/article57383/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=Sudan Tribune |language=en-US}}</ref> == Gine-gine == A cewar Mataimakin Manajan Aikin, Abayneh Getnet, madatsar ruwan ta kai kashi 60% na kammala aikin a watan Satumba na 2023 kuma ana sa ran za ta samar da wutar lantarki mai karfin 1,800MW ta amfani da injinan turbine guda shida. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-28 |title=Koysha hydropower project construction reaches 60%: GCS |url=https://www.fanabc.com/english/51570-2/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=Welcome to Fana Broadcasting Corporate S.C |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Construction of Koysha Hydro Electric Power Station Reaches 61 Percent |url=https://www.ena.et/web/eng/w/eng_3393663 |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=ENA English |language=en-US}}</ref> Getnet ya kara da cewa bayan kammala aikin, an samar da wani tafki mai girman {{Val|130}} na wucin gadi.{{Val|130}}tsawon {{Val|130}} 200, wanda ya ƙunshi faɗin kilomita {{Val|200}}za a ƙirƙiri {{Val|200}} ''Addis Fortune'' ta ruwaito a shekarar 2024 cewa an dage gina madatsar ruwa a lokuta da dama saboda matsalar canjin kuɗi a ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fortune |first=(Addis) |title=Koysha Hydro Power Project Faces Financial Delay |url=https://addisfortune.news/koysha-hydro-power-project-faces-financial-delay/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2025, jami'ai sun sanar da cewa aikin ya kai tsayin mita 128, kuma an kammala kashi 70% na ayyukan farar hula. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2025 |title=Koysha Dam Reaches 128 Meters, 70% Civil Work Completion |url=https://www.ebc.et/english/Home/NewsDetails?NewsId=2540 |publisher=Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref> == Manazarta == lifqtnhm3pvlvz0dnnxxus0jqburp4g 842972 842971 2026-05-30T05:18:16Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842972 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Koysha Dam madatsar ruwa ce mai amfani da wutar lantarki wacce ake ginawa tun 2016 a kan [[Kogin Omo]] a yankin Kudu maso Yammacin Habasha. mallakar wutar lantarki ta Habasha (EEP), madatsar ruwan za ta samar da har zuwa {{Val|6460}} na wutar lantarki a kowace shekara. A watan Mayu 2016, kamfanin Salini Impregilo na Italiya ya yi kwangila tare da EEP don gina madatsar ruwan, wanda zai kasance {{Val|180}} tsawo kuma an yi shi da siminti mai laushi (RCC). Girman tafkin zai zama 9×{{Val|9e9}}. Da zarar an kammala, madatsar ruwan za ta zama madatsar ruwa ta biyu mafi girma a Habasha bayan Babban Madatsar Rashin Gabas ta Habasha (GERD). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Koysha Hydroelectric Power Project |url=https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/projects/koysha-hydroelectric-power-project/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=NS Energy |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=SudanTribune |date=2016-05-26 |title=Italian firm signs contract for new Ethiopian dam |url=https://sudantribune.com/article57383/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=Sudan Tribune |language=en-US}}</ref> == Gine-gine == A cewar Mataimakin Manajan Aikin, Abayneh Getnet, madatsar ruwan ta kai kashi 60% na kammala aikin a watan Satumba na 2023 kuma ana sa ran za ta samar da wutar lantarki mai karfin 1,800MW ta amfani da injinan turbine guda shida. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-28 |title=Koysha hydropower project construction reaches 60%: GCS |url=https://www.fanabc.com/english/51570-2/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=Welcome to Fana Broadcasting Corporate S.C |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Construction of Koysha Hydro Electric Power Station Reaches 61 Percent |url=https://www.ena.et/web/eng/w/eng_3393663 |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=ENA English |language=en-US}}</ref> Getnet ya kara da cewa bayan kammala aikin, an samar da wani tafki mai girman {{Val|130}} na wucin gadi.{{Val|130}}tsawon {{Val|130}} 200, wanda ya ƙunshi faɗin kilomita {{Val|200}}za a ƙirƙiri {{Val|200}} ''Addis Fortune'' ta ruwaito a shekarar 2024 cewa an dage gina madatsar ruwa a lokuta da dama saboda matsalar canjin kuɗi a ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fortune |first=(Addis) |title=Koysha Hydro Power Project Faces Financial Delay |url=https://addisfortune.news/koysha-hydro-power-project-faces-financial-delay/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2025, jami'ai sun sanar da cewa aikin ya kai tsayin mita 128, kuma an kammala kashi 70% na ayyukan farar hula. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2025 |title=Koysha Dam Reaches 128 Meters, 70% Civil Work Completion |url=https://www.ebc.et/english/Home/NewsDetails?NewsId=2540 |publisher=Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref> == Manazarta == oxrd4k994axutt8qfiwmllhchl02epl 0 153282 842974 2026-05-30T05:19:08Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1192610387|Melka Wakena Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842974 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar wutar lantarki ta Melka Wakena''' tashar wutar lantarki ce ta Kogin Wabe Shebelle a [[Itofiya|Habasha]] . Da yake a Oromia, tashar tana da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na {{Convert|153|MW}} , isa ya ba da wutar lantarki sama da gidaje 100,300.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-07-25 |title=Melka Wakena - Hydro Power Station in Ethiopia |url=http://www.mbendi.com/facility/16/f103.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104023423/http://www.mbendi.com/facility/16/f103.htm |archive-date=2013-01-04 |access-date=2009-08-01 |publisher=www.bioone.org}}</ref> An gina tashar wutar lantarki ta Melka Wakena a cikin 1988 a kan wani shafin archaeological mai aiki. == Manazatta == q02t6fxl6mrczvwrdv79gsmnnvy6q6k 842975 842974 2026-05-30T05:19:38Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1192610387|Melka Wakena Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 842975 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar wutar lantarki ta Melka Wakena tashar''' wutar lantarki ce ta kogin Wabe Shebelle a kasar [[Itofiya|Habasha]] . Tana cikin Oromia, tashar tana da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na {{Convert|153|MW}}, wanda ya isa ya samar da wutar lantarki ga gidaje 100,300. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-07-25 |title=Melka Wakena - Hydro Power Station in Ethiopia |url=http://www.mbendi.com/facility/16/f103.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104023423/http://www.mbendi.com/facility/16/f103.htm |archive-date=2013-01-04 |access-date=2009-08-01 |publisher=www.bioone.org}}</ref> An gina Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Melka Wakena a shekarar 1988 a kan wani wurin tarihi mai aiki. gvoqhninzvt7394bljzu30cnox4r5as 842976 842975 2026-05-30T05:20:02Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842976 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar wutar lantarki ta Melka Wakena tashar''' wutar lantarki ce ta kogin Wabe Shebelle a kasar [[Itofiya|Habasha]] . Tana cikin Oromia, tashar tana da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na {{Convert|153|MW}}, wanda ya isa ya samar da wutar lantarki ga gidaje 100,300. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-07-25 |title=Melka Wakena - Hydro Power Station in Ethiopia |url=http://www.mbendi.com/facility/16/f103.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104023423/http://www.mbendi.com/facility/16/f103.htm |archive-date=2013-01-04 |access-date=2009-08-01 |publisher=www.bioone.org}}</ref> An gina Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Melka Wakena a shekarar 1988 a kan wani wurin tarihi mai aiki. ==manqzartq== k87pyzxjnv5od9h5krqflf3j2pyjem4 0 153283 842977 2026-05-30T05:20:56Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1305481488|Tekezé Dam]]" 842977 wikitext text/x-wiki Dam din Tekezé madatsar ruwa ce mai laushi biyu da ke tsakanin yankunan Amhara da Tigray na [[Itofiya|Habasha]]. Tana kan Kogin Tekezé, wani yanki na [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] wanda ke gudana ta daya daga cikin zurfin canyons a duniya. == Bayani == An yi kwangilar gina madatsar ruwa ta Tekezé. An kammala aikin samar da wutar lantarki a watan Fabrairun 2009. Kuɗin ƙarshe na aikin shine $360&nbsp;miliyan, wanda ya kai dala $136&nbsp;sama da kasafin kuɗi na miliyan ɗaya. Madatsar ruwa ita ce mafi girman aikin ayyukan jama'a a Habasha. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2009 |title=Tekeze project inaugurated in Ethiopia |url=http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/news/newstekeze-project-inaugurated-in-ethiopia/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304222635/http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/news/newstekeze-project-inaugurated-in-ethiopia |archive-date=4 March 2014 |access-date=26 May 2014 |website=International Water Power & Dam Construction}}</ref> Madatsar ruwa ta taimaka wajen rage ƙarancin wutar lantarki yayin da buƙatar wutar lantarki ta Habasha ke ƙaruwa. A lokacin kammala ginin, tsawonsa ya kai {{Convert|188|m}} Madatsar ruwa ta Tekezé ita ce madatsar ruwa mafi girma a Afirka mai lanƙwasa biyu. <ref name="hydro">{{Cite web |date=11 May 2009 |title=Hydro power in Ethiopia - the staged construction of Tekeze Arch Dam |url=http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/features/featurehydro-power-in-ethiopia-the-staged-construction-of-tekeze-arch-dam/ |access-date=26 May 2014 |website=International Water Power & Dam Construction}}</ref> Madatsar ruwa da ta samo asali ita ce 105&nbsp;kilomita <sup>2</sup> babba kuma tana da ƙarfin ruwa mai girman mita biliyan 9.3 da kuma ruwa <sup>3.</sup> == Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Tekeze == Gidan wutar lantarki yana ɗauke da guda huɗu guda {{Convert|75|MW}}injinan turbine , <ref name="hydro">{{Cite web |date=11 May 2009 |title=Hydro power in Ethiopia - the staged construction of Tekeze Arch Dam |url=http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/features/featurehydro-power-in-ethiopia-the-staged-construction-of-tekeze-arch-dam/ |access-date=26 May 2014 |website=International Water Power & Dam Construction}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/features/featurehydro-power-in-ethiopia-the-staged-construction-of-tekeze-arch-dam/ "Hydro power in Ethiopia - the staged construction of Tekeze Arch Dam"]. ''International Water Power & Dam Construction''. 11 May 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> suna samar da {{Convert|300|MW}} na wutar lantarki. {{Convert|105|km}} layin watsawa yana haɗa shi da layin wutar lantarki na ƙasa a Mekelle . <ref name="hydro" /> t6bd1dq9yxf02ubsir25yx7l62v0qq2 842979 842977 2026-05-30T05:21:20Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842979 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Dam din Tekezé madatsar ruwa ce mai laushi biyu da ke tsakanin yankunan Amhara da Tigray na [[Itofiya|Habasha]]. Tana kan Kogin Tekezé, wani yanki na [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] wanda ke gudana ta daya daga cikin zurfin canyons a duniya. == Bayani == An yi kwangilar gina madatsar ruwa ta Tekezé. An kammala aikin samar da wutar lantarki a watan Fabrairun 2009. Kuɗin ƙarshe na aikin shine $360&nbsp;miliyan, wanda ya kai dala $136&nbsp;sama da kasafin kuɗi na miliyan ɗaya. Madatsar ruwa ita ce mafi girman aikin ayyukan jama'a a Habasha. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2009 |title=Tekeze project inaugurated in Ethiopia |url=http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/news/newstekeze-project-inaugurated-in-ethiopia/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304222635/http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/news/newstekeze-project-inaugurated-in-ethiopia |archive-date=4 March 2014 |access-date=26 May 2014 |website=International Water Power & Dam Construction}}</ref> Madatsar ruwa ta taimaka wajen rage ƙarancin wutar lantarki yayin da buƙatar wutar lantarki ta Habasha ke ƙaruwa. A lokacin kammala ginin, tsawonsa ya kai {{Convert|188|m}} Madatsar ruwa ta Tekezé ita ce madatsar ruwa mafi girma a Afirka mai lanƙwasa biyu. <ref name="hydro">{{Cite web |date=11 May 2009 |title=Hydro power in Ethiopia - the staged construction of Tekeze Arch Dam |url=http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/features/featurehydro-power-in-ethiopia-the-staged-construction-of-tekeze-arch-dam/ |access-date=26 May 2014 |website=International Water Power & Dam Construction}}</ref> Madatsar ruwa da ta samo asali ita ce 105&nbsp;kilomita <sup>2</sup> babba kuma tana da ƙarfin ruwa mai girman mita biliyan 9.3 da kuma ruwa <sup>3.</sup> == Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Tekeze == Gidan wutar lantarki yana ɗauke da guda huɗu guda {{Convert|75|MW}}injinan turbine , <ref name="hydro">{{Cite web |date=11 May 2009 |title=Hydro power in Ethiopia - the staged construction of Tekeze Arch Dam |url=http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/features/featurehydro-power-in-ethiopia-the-staged-construction-of-tekeze-arch-dam/ |access-date=26 May 2014 |website=International Water Power & Dam Construction}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/features/featurehydro-power-in-ethiopia-the-staged-construction-of-tekeze-arch-dam/ "Hydro power in Ethiopia - the staged construction of Tekeze Arch Dam"]. ''International Water Power & Dam Construction''. 11 May 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> suna samar da {{Convert|300|MW}} na wutar lantarki. {{Convert|105|km}} layin watsawa yana haɗa shi da layin wutar lantarki na ƙasa a Mekelle . <ref name="hydro" /> ==manazarta== c8crqpwwr37jelre8bnl4gv9n3hqses 0 153284 842980 2026-05-30T05:21:45Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1302017113|Nakasero Market]]" 842980 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kasuwar Nakasero''' kasuwa ce a [[Kampala]], [[Uganda]], da ke ƙarƙashin tudun Nakasero . Yana sayar da sabon abinci, yadi, takalma da kayan lantarki masu arha. Kasuwar Nakasero tana da nisan mita 50 daga titin Entebbe. Yana daya daga cikin manyan kasuwanni a Gundumar Kasuwancin Kampala == Tarihi == Kasuwar Nakasero ta fara ne a 1895 inda aka fara kafa ta a Lubiri (Fadar). A cikin 1905, an ƙaura Kasuwar Nakasero zuwa Kagugube wanda da farko tsari ne na wucin gadi. A cikin 1927, an kafa kasuwar a tsakiyar Kampala, kuma ita ce mafi tsufa a babban birnin.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=A 'Market for the People'? Changing structures of governance and participation in a Ugandan marketplace |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291531381 |access-date=2020-05-30 |website=ResearchGate |language=en}}</ref> Kasuwar tana daukar ma'aikata sama da mutane 10,000 daga ko'ina cikin Uganda da kuma yankin Gabashin Afirka.<ref name=":0" /> Wadannan sun hada da al'ummomi daban-daban na masu siyarwa, 'yan kasuwa, masu ba da sabis da masu siyar da ke aiki a matsayin tushen samun kudin shiga ga yawan mutanen birane da ke ƙaruwa da sauri mafi yawansu ba su da damar samun aiki na yau da kullun.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gombay |first=Christie |date=April 1994 |title=Eating cities: urban management and markets in Kampala |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0264275194901120 |journal=Cities |language=en |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=86–94 |doi=10.1016/0264-2751(94)90112-0 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Tsarinsa == Kasuwar Nakasero ta kasu kashi biyu; Yankin budewa wanda aka rufe shi da kuma yankin rufewa wanda ke cikin tsohon gini. A cikin bude yankin, ana sayar da sabbin kayayyaki galibi kuma a cikin rufe yankin mutum zai sami kayan aiki, tufafi da abubuwan yawon bude ido akan sayarwa.[1] == Mallaka == Kasuwar Nakasero tana sarrafawa ta Nakasero Market Vendors and Traders Association, Ltd. == Kayayyakin da aka siyar a Kasuwar Nakasero == * [['ya'yan itace|'Ya'yan itace]] * [[Kayan Lambu|Abincin lambu]] * [[Nama]] * kaji * Kayan ado * Kayan lantarki * Matooke * Kwai * Kofi * Abincin ƙanshi == Manazarta == hyy4p3a3io7eq7hlmor8n2wmvqpkqbv 842982 842980 2026-05-30T05:22:14Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 842982 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kasuwar Nakasero''' kasuwa ce a [[Kampala]], [[Uganda]], da ke ƙarƙashin tudun Nakasero . Yana sayar da sabon abinci, yadi, takalma da kayan lantarki masu arha. Kasuwar Nakasero tana da nisan mita 50 daga titin Entebbe. Yana daya daga cikin manyan kasuwanni a Gundumar Kasuwancin Kampala == Tarihi == Kasuwar Nakasero ta fara ne a 1895 inda aka fara kafa ta a Lubiri (Fadar). A cikin 1905, an ƙaura Kasuwar Nakasero zuwa Kagugube wanda da farko tsari ne na wucin gadi. A cikin 1927, an kafa kasuwar a tsakiyar Kampala, kuma ita ce mafi tsufa a babban birnin.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=A 'Market for the People'? Changing structures of governance and participation in a Ugandan marketplace |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291531381 |access-date=2020-05-30 |website=ResearchGate |language=en}}</ref> Kasuwar tana daukar ma'aikata sama da mutane 10,000 daga ko'ina cikin Uganda da kuma yankin Gabashin Afirka.<ref name=":0" /> Wadannan sun hada da al'ummomi daban-daban na masu siyarwa, 'yan kasuwa, masu ba da sabis da masu siyar da ke aiki a matsayin tushen samun kudin shiga ga yawan mutanen birane da ke ƙaruwa da sauri mafi yawansu ba su da damar samun aiki na yau da kullun.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gombay |first=Christie |date=April 1994 |title=Eating cities: urban management and markets in Kampala |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0264275194901120 |journal=Cities |language=en |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=86–94 |doi=10.1016/0264-2751(94)90112-0 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Tsarinsa == Kasuwar Nakasero ta kasu kashi biyu; Yankin budewa wanda aka rufe shi da kuma yankin rufewa wanda ke cikin tsohon gini. A cikin bude yankin, ana sayar da sabbin kayayyaki galibi kuma a cikin rufe yankin mutum zai sami kayan aiki, tufafi da abubuwan yawon bude ido akan sayarwa.[1] == Mallaka == Kasuwar Nakasero tana sarrafawa ta Nakasero Market Vendors and Traders Association, Ltd. == Kayayyakin da aka siyar a Kasuwar Nakasero == * [['ya'yan itace|'Ya'yan itace]] * [[Kayan Lambu|Abincin lambu]] * [[Nama]] * kaji * Kayan ado * Kayan lantarki * Matooke * Kwai * Kofi * Abincin ƙanshi == Manazarta == 96p0te4hoiw4z8g5a79rtg37pb92sy6 0 153285 842983 2026-05-30T05:22:18Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1298752376|Maguga Dam]]" 842983 wikitext text/x-wiki [[madatsar ruwa]] Maguga madatsar ruwa ce a kan Kogin Komati a [[Eswatini]] . <ref name="UNEP">{{Cite web |title=Details of submission: Independent Monitoring of Maguga Dam Resettlement |url=http://www.unep.org/dams/documents/ell.asp?story_id=121 |publisher=[[United Nations Environment Programme]]}}</ref> Yana da mita 115 (377 tsawo kuma yana da nisan kilomita 12 (7.5 kudu da Piggs Peak . <ref name="eWISA">{{Cite web |title=Maguga Dam: Mpumalanga_Swaziland ''(sic)'' |url=http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/DamMPU_Swaziland_Maguga/MagugaDam.htm |publisher=eWISA, an arm of the Water Institute of Southern Africa}}</ref> An gina shi a matsayin aikin hadin gwiwa na gwamnatocin [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da Eswatini. <ref name="UNEP" /> <ref name="KOBWA">{{Cite web |title=Profile: The Komati Basin Water Authority (KOBWA) |url=http://www.kobwa.co.za/index.php/about-us/profile |publisher=Komati Basin Water Authority}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekara ta 2005, shine mafi girman aikin ayyukan jama'a da Eswatini ta taɓa yi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2005 |title=Swaziland: New dams to be built to boost irrigation |url=http://reliefweb.int/report/swaziland/swaziland-new-dams-be-built-boost-irrigation |publisher=[[ReliefWeb]]}}</ref> An kammala madatsar ruwan a tsakiyar shekara ta 2001. <ref name="KOBWA" /><ref name="FAO">{{Cite web |date=2005 |title=Swaziland: Water Report 29: 2005 |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/countries_regions/swz/index.stm |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]]}}</ref> [[Fayil:Maguga_dam.jpg|thumb]] == Tsara da manufa == A shekarar 1992, gwamnatocin eSwatini da Afirka ta Kudu sun sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya da ta shafi "tsara, gini, aiki da kuma kula da" madatsun ruwa na Driekoppies da Maguga. <ref name="KOBWA">{{Cite web |title=Profile: The Komati Basin Water Authority (KOBWA) |url=http://www.kobwa.co.za/index.php/about-us/profile |publisher=Komati Basin Water Authority}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.kobwa.co.za/index.php/about-us/profile "Profile: The Komati Basin Water Authority (KOBWA)"]. Komati Basin Water Authority.</cite></ref> Kamar yadda na farko ya amfanar Afirka ta Kudu kawai (kodayake madatsar ruwa da aka samu tana cikin Eswatini), Afirka ta Kudu ta ɗauki nauyin dukkan kuɗin wannan madatsar ruwa. <ref name="KOBWA" /> Game da na biyun, Eswatini ne ke da alhakin kusan kashi 40% na kuɗin. <ref name="KOBWA" /> Babban manufar madatsar ruwan ita ce ban ruwa (ga ƙananan manoman Eswatini masu ruwa-ruwa, gandun daji da "kimanin 1000 na ƙananan manoma na Eswatini" <ref name="CEEEBW">{{Cite web |date=November 2007 |title=Raising the Bar on Big Dams |url=http://bankwatch.org/documents/raising_the_bar.pdf |publisher=CEE Bankwatch}}</ref> ) amma za a kammala tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa mai ƙarfin MW 20 (wanda aka samar daga raka'a biyu, kowannensu yana da ƙarfin MW 9.9 <ref>{{Cite web |title=How We Generate Electricity |url=http://www.eec.co.sz/electricity/ |publisher=Eswatini Electricity Company}}</ref> ) a watan Oktoba na 2006. <ref name="UNEP">{{Cite web |title=Details of submission: Independent Monitoring of Maguga Dam Resettlement |url=http://www.unep.org/dams/documents/ell.asp?story_id=121 |publisher=[[United Nations Environment Programme]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.unep.org/dams/documents/ell.asp?story_id=121 "Details of submission: Independent Monitoring of Maguga Dam Resettlement"]. [[Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya|United Nations Environment Programme]].</cite></ref> == Bayani == Maguga wani " madatsar ruwa ne mai gina jiki a cikin duwatsu". <ref name="Aurecon" /> Madatsar ruwa ta ƙunshi kimanin {{Convert|800000|m3}} na yumbu, {{Convert|2800000|m3}} na dutsen granite da kuma {{Convert|43000|m3}} na kayan tacewa. <ref name="PressReader">{{Cite web |last=Bodwa Mbingo |title=Drying Up Maguga Dam a Nightmare to Residents |url=http://www.pressreader.com/swaziland/observer-on-saturday/20151107/281702613595032 |via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Yana da tsayin {{Convert|115|m}}, tsawon tsayin tsayin {{Convert|870|m}} da faɗin tushe na {{Convert|400|m}} . <ref name="PressReader" /> Tana da ƙarfin {{Convert|332000000|m3}} da kuma faɗin saman {{Convert|10420000|m3}} . <ref name="FAO">{{Cite web |date=2005 |title=Swaziland: Water Report 29: 2005 |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/countries_regions/swz/index.stm |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/countries_regions/swz/index.stm "Swaziland: Water Report 29: 2005"]. [[Food and Agriculture Organization]]. 2005.</cite></ref> An tsara shi don jure wa yiwuwar ambaliyar ruwa mafi girma na {{Convert|15000|m3/s}} . <ref name="Aurecon">{{Cite web |title=Maguga Dam on the Komati River, Swaziland |url=http://www.aurecongroup.com/en/projects/water/maguga-dam-on-the-komati-river.aspx |publisher=[[Aurecon]]}}</ref> Akwai {{Convert|181|m}} - doguwar [[Hanyar Zube|hanyar zubar]] ruwa. <ref name="Aurecon" /> == Matakan ruwa da ƙaura == Fari ya haifar da manyan matsaloli. A shekarar 2007, karfin madatsar ruwan ya ragu zuwa kashi 37% A shekarar 2015, matakan ruwa a madatsar ruwan sun yi kasa sosai, <ref name="PressReader" /> kuma a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu 2016, an auna matakin ajiyar ruwa a kashi 31%. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2016 |title=Swaziland Drought Assessment Report: Rapid Assessment 2015/15 Season |url=https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/system/files/documents/files/swaziland_rapid_assessment_summary_report_2016.pdf |publisher=Deputy Prime Minister's Office}}</ref> 9xzj1cz5vgtfyfymw8ymqgqlhwkf4nj 842984 842983 2026-05-30T05:22:51Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842984 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[madatsar ruwa]] Maguga madatsar ruwa ce a kan Kogin Komati a [[Eswatini]] . <ref name="UNEP">{{Cite web |title=Details of submission: Independent Monitoring of Maguga Dam Resettlement |url=http://www.unep.org/dams/documents/ell.asp?story_id=121 |publisher=[[United Nations Environment Programme]]}}</ref> Yana da mita 115 (377 tsawo kuma yana da nisan kilomita 12 (7.5 kudu da Piggs Peak . <ref name="eWISA">{{Cite web |title=Maguga Dam: Mpumalanga_Swaziland ''(sic)'' |url=http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/DamMPU_Swaziland_Maguga/MagugaDam.htm |publisher=eWISA, an arm of the Water Institute of Southern Africa}}</ref> An gina shi a matsayin aikin hadin gwiwa na gwamnatocin [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da Eswatini. <ref name="UNEP" /> <ref name="KOBWA">{{Cite web |title=Profile: The Komati Basin Water Authority (KOBWA) |url=http://www.kobwa.co.za/index.php/about-us/profile |publisher=Komati Basin Water Authority}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekara ta 2005, shine mafi girman aikin ayyukan jama'a da Eswatini ta taɓa yi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2005 |title=Swaziland: New dams to be built to boost irrigation |url=http://reliefweb.int/report/swaziland/swaziland-new-dams-be-built-boost-irrigation |publisher=[[ReliefWeb]]}}</ref> An kammala madatsar ruwan a tsakiyar shekara ta 2001. <ref name="KOBWA" /><ref name="FAO">{{Cite web |date=2005 |title=Swaziland: Water Report 29: 2005 |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/countries_regions/swz/index.stm |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]]}}</ref> [[Fayil:Maguga_dam.jpg|thumb]] == Tsara da manufa == A shekarar 1992, gwamnatocin eSwatini da Afirka ta Kudu sun sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya da ta shafi "tsara, gini, aiki da kuma kula da" madatsun ruwa na Driekoppies da Maguga. <ref name="KOBWA">{{Cite web |title=Profile: The Komati Basin Water Authority (KOBWA) |url=http://www.kobwa.co.za/index.php/about-us/profile |publisher=Komati Basin Water Authority}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.kobwa.co.za/index.php/about-us/profile "Profile: The Komati Basin Water Authority (KOBWA)"]. Komati Basin Water Authority.</cite></ref> Kamar yadda na farko ya amfanar Afirka ta Kudu kawai (kodayake madatsar ruwa da aka samu tana cikin Eswatini), Afirka ta Kudu ta ɗauki nauyin dukkan kuɗin wannan madatsar ruwa. <ref name="KOBWA" /> Game da na biyun, Eswatini ne ke da alhakin kusan kashi 40% na kuɗin. <ref name="KOBWA" /> Babban manufar madatsar ruwan ita ce ban ruwa (ga ƙananan manoman Eswatini masu ruwa-ruwa, gandun daji da "kimanin 1000 na ƙananan manoma na Eswatini" <ref name="CEEEBW">{{Cite web |date=November 2007 |title=Raising the Bar on Big Dams |url=http://bankwatch.org/documents/raising_the_bar.pdf |publisher=CEE Bankwatch}}</ref> ) amma za a kammala tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa mai ƙarfin MW 20 (wanda aka samar daga raka'a biyu, kowannensu yana da ƙarfin MW 9.9 <ref>{{Cite web |title=How We Generate Electricity |url=http://www.eec.co.sz/electricity/ |publisher=Eswatini Electricity Company}}</ref> ) a watan Oktoba na 2006. <ref name="UNEP">{{Cite web |title=Details of submission: Independent Monitoring of Maguga Dam Resettlement |url=http://www.unep.org/dams/documents/ell.asp?story_id=121 |publisher=[[United Nations Environment Programme]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.unep.org/dams/documents/ell.asp?story_id=121 "Details of submission: Independent Monitoring of Maguga Dam Resettlement"]. [[Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya|United Nations Environment Programme]].</cite></ref> == Bayani == Maguga wani " madatsar ruwa ne mai gina jiki a cikin duwatsu". <ref name="Aurecon" /> Madatsar ruwa ta ƙunshi kimanin {{Convert|800000|m3}} na yumbu, {{Convert|2800000|m3}} na dutsen granite da kuma {{Convert|43000|m3}} na kayan tacewa. <ref name="PressReader">{{Cite web |last=Bodwa Mbingo |title=Drying Up Maguga Dam a Nightmare to Residents |url=http://www.pressreader.com/swaziland/observer-on-saturday/20151107/281702613595032 |via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Yana da tsayin {{Convert|115|m}}, tsawon tsayin tsayin {{Convert|870|m}} da faɗin tushe na {{Convert|400|m}} . <ref name="PressReader" /> Tana da ƙarfin {{Convert|332000000|m3}} da kuma faɗin saman {{Convert|10420000|m3}} . <ref name="FAO">{{Cite web |date=2005 |title=Swaziland: Water Report 29: 2005 |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/countries_regions/swz/index.stm |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/countries_regions/swz/index.stm "Swaziland: Water Report 29: 2005"]. [[Food and Agriculture Organization]]. 2005.</cite></ref> An tsara shi don jure wa yiwuwar ambaliyar ruwa mafi girma na {{Convert|15000|m3/s}} . <ref name="Aurecon">{{Cite web |title=Maguga Dam on the Komati River, Swaziland |url=http://www.aurecongroup.com/en/projects/water/maguga-dam-on-the-komati-river.aspx |publisher=[[Aurecon]]}}</ref> Akwai {{Convert|181|m}} - doguwar [[Hanyar Zube|hanyar zubar]] ruwa. <ref name="Aurecon" /> == Matakan ruwa da ƙaura == Fari ya haifar da manyan matsaloli. A shekarar 2007, karfin madatsar ruwan ya ragu zuwa kashi 37% A shekarar 2015, matakan ruwa a madatsar ruwan sun yi kasa sosai, <ref name="PressReader" /> kuma a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu 2016, an auna matakin ajiyar ruwa a kashi 31%. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2016 |title=Swaziland Drought Assessment Report: Rapid Assessment 2015/15 Season |url=https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/system/files/documents/files/swaziland_rapid_assessment_summary_report_2016.pdf |publisher=Deputy Prime Minister's Office}}</ref> ==manazarta== syo56hhzf7o3h21lq8uzao7ha9krqvs 0 153286 842985 2026-05-30T05:23:12Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334421728|Toi Market]]" 842985 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kasuwa (wuri)|kasuwa]] Toi kasuwa ce ta sayar da kayayyaki da ke waje da ƙauyen Kibera a [[Nairobi]], [[Kenya]] . Kasuwar tana zaune a kan wani fili na acre uku a kan Suna Road, titin da ke kusa da Ngong Road wanda ke gudana kusan tsawon Nairobi, daga yankin Lang'ata zuwa tsakiyar birnin. Tun daga farkonta har zuwa lokacin da 'yan daba suka rushewa ta a lokacin tashin hankali bayan zabe a farkon shekara ta 2008, Toi na ɗaya daga cikin manyan kasuwanni na al'ada a Nairobi, tare da 'yan kasuwa sama da 5000. Yafi sayar da [[tufafi]] da [[Takalmi|takalma]], amma kuma kayan lambu da sauran kayan haɗi. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2018, gwamnatin Gundumar Nairobi ta ba da sanarwar cewa za ta rushe kasuwa kuma ta gina gidaje na zamani a ƙasar. Za a tura kasuwar zuwa wani wuri, kodayake sanarwar ba ta bayyana inda ba.[1] An rushe kasuwar wata daya bayan haka, tare da rushewa har zuwa Yuli 2018. [2] Koyaya, tun daga Nuwamba 2023, kasuwar har yanzu tana gudana ba bisa ka'ida ba, tare da [[katako]] da ƙarfe da aka warwatsa a fadin mãkirci. == Manazarta == fh740i608pfi33t2yfrfm0sfdg5hgwy 842986 842985 2026-05-30T05:23:58Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 842986 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Kasuwa (wuri)|kasuwa]] Toi kasuwa ce ta sayar da kayayyaki da ke waje da ƙauyen Kibera a [[Nairobi]], [[Kenya]] . Kasuwar tana zaune a kan wani fili na acre uku a kan Suna Road, titin da ke kusa da Ngong Road wanda ke gudana kusan tsawon Nairobi, daga yankin Lang'ata zuwa tsakiyar birnin. Tun daga farkonta har zuwa lokacin da 'yan daba suka rushewa ta a lokacin tashin hankali bayan zabe a farkon shekara ta 2008, Toi na ɗaya daga cikin manyan kasuwanni na al'ada a Nairobi, tare da 'yan kasuwa sama da 5000. Yafi sayar da [[tufafi]] da [[Takalmi|takalma]], amma kuma kayan lambu da sauran kayan haɗi. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2018, gwamnatin Gundumar Nairobi ta ba da sanarwar cewa za ta rushe kasuwa kuma ta gina gidaje na zamani a ƙasar. Za a tura kasuwar zuwa wani wuri, kodayake sanarwar ba ta bayyana inda ba.[1] An rushe kasuwar wata daya bayan haka, tare da rushewa har zuwa Yuli 2018. [2] Koyaya, tun daga Nuwamba 2023, kasuwar har yanzu tana gudana ba bisa ka'ida ba, tare da [[katako]] da ƙarfe da aka warwatsa a fadin mãkirci. == Manazarta == jq4tokexirdocl2w9j8owlqom7mrqk9 0 153287 842987 2026-05-30T05:23:58Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1233092480|Toker Dam]]" 842987 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Toker_Dam_ZM_Eritrea.jpg|right|thumb|350x350px|Ra'ayi na madatsar ruwan Toker da tafkinsa a waje da [[Asmara]], Eritrea]] '''Dam din Toker''' shine madatsar ruwa ta huɗu mafi girma a [[Eritrea]]. An fara ginin ne a shekarar 1997 kuma an kammala shi a shekara ta 2001, duk da cewa an dakatar da shi na 'yan watanni a shekarar 1998 lokacin da Habasha da Eritrea ke yaki. Babban mai tsara shi ne Injiniyoyin Ba da Shawara na Al'adama daga Colorado, Amurka. Bugu da ƙari, NRCE Inc., ita ce babban mai ba da shawara a kan aikin. Mai kwangila na ginin shine Keagnam na Koriya ta Kudu . An tsara aikin ne don samar da hidima ta zamani da inganci ga birnin [[Asmara]] da ƙauyukan da ke makwabtaka da shi. Yana kuma samar da ruwan sha mai tsafta ga al'ummar yankin. Madatsar ruwa madatsar ruwa ce da aka yi da siminti, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara a lokacin da aka gina ta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 January 2016 |title=Adi Nefas Water Treatment Plant and Treated Water Pipeline, Eritrea |url=http://nrce.com/?s=eritrea&submit.x=9&submit.y=13 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124222132/http://nrce.com/?s=eritrea&submit.x=9&submit.y=13 |archive-date=24 November 2016 |access-date=24 November 2016 |publisher=NRCE}}</ref> == Dam ɗin == Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon mita 73 kuma tana da girman {{Convert|210000|m3}} na siminti. Fuskar sama a tsaye take kuma fuskar ƙasa tana gangarowa, tare da hanyar magudanar ruwa ta tsakiya. Madatsar ruwan za ta iya ɗaukar {{Convert|17000000|m3}} na ruwa; akwai tashar famfo a gefensa, wanda ke kaiwa ga tashar tace ruwa. Wannan yana da ƙarfin {{Convert|20000|m3}} ruwa a kowace rana wanda ake isarwa zuwa tsarin rarrabawa na birnin Asmara. A lokacin ginin, an rufe akwatin ajiyar ruwa na tsawon kwanaki huɗu a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa mai yawa, lokacin da madatsar ruwan ta kai kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na tsayin ta na ƙarshe. Ambaliyar ta fi yadda ake tsammani a cikin shekaru ɗari. 'Yan kwangilar ba su da wani gargaɗi amma sun sami nasarar kwashe mafi yawan kayan aikinsu daga yankin mai mahimmanci kafin lamarin ya faru. Simintin siminti na gargajiya da na roba da ke cikin babban madatsar ruwan ba su lalace ba kuma an sake fara aikin gini cikin makonni biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dams and Extreme Events: Reducing Risk of Aging Infrastructure under Extreme Loading Conditions |url= |website=34th Annual USSD Conference San Francisco, California, April 7–11, 2014 |publisher=USSD}}</ref> == Manazarta == ezypdxv4hmtaa6jy3kesvbcb5ucq85s 842988 842987 2026-05-30T05:24:15Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Toker_Dam_ZM_Eritrea.jpg|right|thumb|350x350px|Ra'ayi na madatsar ruwan Toker da tafkinsa a waje da [[Asmara]], Eritrea]] '''Dam din Toker''' shine madatsar ruwa ta huɗu mafi girma a [[Eritrea]]. An fara ginin ne a shekarar 1997 kuma an kammala shi a shekara ta 2001, duk da cewa an dakatar da shi na 'yan watanni a shekarar 1998 lokacin da Habasha da Eritrea ke yaki. Babban mai tsara shi ne Injiniyoyin Ba da Shawara na Al'adama daga Colorado, Amurka. Bugu da ƙari, NRCE Inc., ita ce babban mai ba da shawara a kan aikin. Mai kwangila na ginin shine Keagnam na Koriya ta Kudu . An tsara aikin ne don samar da hidima ta zamani da inganci ga birnin [[Asmara]] da ƙauyukan da ke makwabtaka da shi. Yana kuma samar da ruwan sha mai tsafta ga al'ummar yankin. Madatsar ruwa madatsar ruwa ce da aka yi da siminti, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara a lokacin da aka gina ta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 January 2016 |title=Adi Nefas Water Treatment Plant and Treated Water Pipeline, Eritrea |url=http://nrce.com/?s=eritrea&submit.x=9&submit.y=13 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124222132/http://nrce.com/?s=eritrea&submit.x=9&submit.y=13 |archive-date=24 November 2016 |access-date=24 November 2016 |publisher=NRCE}}</ref> == Dam ɗin == Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon mita 73 kuma tana da girman {{Convert|210000|m3}} na siminti. Fuskar sama a tsaye take kuma fuskar ƙasa tana gangarowa, tare da hanyar magudanar ruwa ta tsakiya. Madatsar ruwan za ta iya ɗaukar {{Convert|17000000|m3}} na ruwa; akwai tashar famfo a gefensa, wanda ke kaiwa ga tashar tace ruwa. Wannan yana da ƙarfin {{Convert|20000|m3}} ruwa a kowace rana wanda ake isarwa zuwa tsarin rarrabawa na birnin Asmara. A lokacin ginin, an rufe akwatin ajiyar ruwa na tsawon kwanaki huɗu a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa mai yawa, lokacin da madatsar ruwan ta kai kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na tsayin ta na ƙarshe. Ambaliyar ta fi yadda ake tsammani a cikin shekaru ɗari. 'Yan kwangilar ba su da wani gargaɗi amma sun sami nasarar kwashe mafi yawan kayan aikinsu daga yankin mai mahimmanci kafin lamarin ya faru. Simintin siminti na gargajiya da na roba da ke cikin babban madatsar ruwan ba su lalace ba kuma an sake fara aikin gini cikin makonni biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dams and Extreme Events: Reducing Risk of Aging Infrastructure under Extreme Loading Conditions |url= |website=34th Annual USSD Conference San Francisco, California, April 7–11, 2014 |publisher=USSD}}</ref> == Manazarta == tk21c0lxesvevtr3eli9exh3dz9v92t 0 153288 842989 2026-05-30T05:25:03Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354716998|Mai Nefhi]]" 842989 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mai Nefhi''' ([[Harshen Tigrinya|Tigrigna]] don "Ruwa-Distend?") wuri ne kusa da [[Asmara]], [[Eritrea]] da madatsar ruwan da aka sanya masa suna. An kammala madatsar ruwan Mai Nefhi a shekarar 1970, a lokacin mulkin Haile Selassie, kuma ya kasance babban tushen ruwa ga [[Asmara]].<ref name="Rastaites">{{Cite web |last=[[Haile Selassie I]] |date=2 November 1970 |title=The Throne Speeches: 1970 |url=http://rastaites.com/speeches/coronationspeeches2.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522041856/http://rastaites.com/speeches/coronationspeeches2.htm |archive-date=22 May 2015 |access-date=15 June 2015 |website=Rastaites |quote=''The Mai Nefhi Dam costing Ethiopian $10 million will be completed within the next few months to meet the water needs of the city of Asmara.''}}</ref> Abardae, wani gari mai tarihi mai yawan jama'a 3,000 yana kusa. Cibiyar Fasaha ta Eritrea, kwalejin fasaha guda ɗaya tilo a ƙasar tana da nisan mita 500 daga Abardae-Mai Nefhi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ertrea - Ministry of Information |date=2016-07-10 |title=Eritrea Institute of Technology Graduates 1207 Students |url=http://www.shabait.com/news/local-news/22160-eritrea-institute-of-technology-graduates-1207-students |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814182153/http://www.shabait.com/news/local-news/22160-eritrea-institute-of-technology-graduates-1207-students |archive-date=2016-08-14 |access-date=2017-05-16 |publisher=Shabait.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == rt444g9t68sfx1sud3p9elu43th4vzy 842990 842989 2026-05-30T05:25:24Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842990 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mai Nefhi''' ([[Harshen Tigrinya|Tigrigna]] don "Ruwa-Distend?") wuri ne kusa da [[Asmara]], [[Eritrea]] da madatsar ruwan da aka sanya masa suna. An kammala madatsar ruwan Mai Nefhi a shekarar 1970, a lokacin mulkin Haile Selassie, kuma ya kasance babban tushen ruwa ga [[Asmara]].<ref name="Rastaites">{{Cite web |last=[[Haile Selassie I]] |date=2 November 1970 |title=The Throne Speeches: 1970 |url=http://rastaites.com/speeches/coronationspeeches2.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522041856/http://rastaites.com/speeches/coronationspeeches2.htm |archive-date=22 May 2015 |access-date=15 June 2015 |website=Rastaites |quote=''The Mai Nefhi Dam costing Ethiopian $10 million will be completed within the next few months to meet the water needs of the city of Asmara.''}}</ref> Abardae, wani gari mai tarihi mai yawan jama'a 3,000 yana kusa. Cibiyar Fasaha ta Eritrea, kwalejin fasaha guda ɗaya tilo a ƙasar tana da nisan mita 500 daga Abardae-Mai Nefhi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ertrea - Ministry of Information |date=2016-07-10 |title=Eritrea Institute of Technology Graduates 1207 Students |url=http://www.shabait.com/news/local-news/22160-eritrea-institute-of-technology-graduates-1207-students |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814182153/http://www.shabait.com/news/local-news/22160-eritrea-institute-of-technology-graduates-1207-students |archive-date=2016-08-14 |access-date=2017-05-16 |publisher=Shabait.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == 99i7md7fl2vize674mgctv0whljdl8j 0 153289 842992 2026-05-30T05:26:22Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334527424|Sadd el-Kafara]]" 842992 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sadd el-Kafara''' ("Dam of the Infidels") wani madatsar ruwa ne a kan Wadi al-Garawi mai nisan kilomita 10 kudu maso gabashin Helwan a [[Kairo|Alkahira]], [[Misra|Misira]] . An gina madatsar ruwan ne a farkon rabin karni na uku BC ta tsoffin Masarawa don kula da ambaliyar ruwa kuma ita ce babbar madatsar ruwa mafi tsufa a duniya.<ref name="eardam">{{Cite web |last=Fahlbusch |first=Henning |title=Early Dams |url=http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329045857/http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf |archive-date=29 March 2020 |access-date=20 July 2010 |publisher=History Association}}</ref><ref name="hisgd">{{Cite web |title=Key Developments in the History of Embankment Dams |url=https://www.lassp.cornell.edu/sethna/SimScience/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831131906/http://www.simscience.org/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html |archive-date=August 31, 2011 |access-date=20 September 2018 |publisher=SimScience}}</ref> Ba a kammala shi ba, ana gina madatsar ruwan na tsawon shekaru 10-12 kafin ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata shi. Georg Schweinfurth ne ya sake gano shi a cikin 1885. <ref name="ancegy">{{Cite book|last3=Kathryn A. Bard}}</ref>&nbsp; == Bayani dalla-dalla == Ba a kammala [[Madatsar ruwa|madatsar ruwan]] ba amma tsawonta ya kai kimanin mita 111 da tsayinta mita 14 tare da faɗin tushe na mita 98 da faɗin gefensa mita 56. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sadd-el-Kafara Dam |url=http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?ID=s0010843 |access-date=21 July 2010 |publisher=Structurae}}</ref> Faɗin madatsar ruwan ya kai mita 32 kuma ya ƙunshi tan 60,000 na ƙasa da duwatsu. A kewaye da tsakiyar akwai tarkace guda biyu da aka cika da duwatsu. Bangon da ke ƙasa ya kai kusan mita 37, bangon da ke sama ya kai kusan mita 29, kuma ya ƙunshi {{Convert|2900|m3|ft3}} na kayan aiki. An gina madatsar ruwan daga sama zuwa ƙasa da kuma ganuwar ƙasa da aka yi da ashlar dutse mai daraja . An gina ashlar amma ba a yi turmi a layukan da aka tsara ba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jansen |first=Robert B. |title=DAMS FROM THE BEGINNING |url=http://ussdams.com/ussdeducation/Media/damsfrombegin.doc. |access-date=21 July 2010 |publisher=USSDams.com}}</ref> Kowanne ashlar yana da kimanin {{Convert|30|cm|in}} babba, {{Convert|45|cm|in}}faɗin {{Convert|80|cm|in}} tsayi kuma kusan {{Convert|50|lbs|kg}} . <ref name="eardam">{{Cite web |last=Fahlbusch |first=Henning |title=Early Dams |url=http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329045857/http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf |archive-date=29 March 2020 |access-date=20 July 2010 |publisher=History Association}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFahlbusch">Fahlbusch, Henning. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200329045857/http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf "Early Dams"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. History Association. Archived from [http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf the original] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 29 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> == Lalacewa == Saboda zaizayar ƙasa a gefen ƙasa na madatsar ruwa da ba ta cika ba da kuma rashin [[Hanyar Zube|magudanar ruwa]], ana kyautata zaton ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata ta. Bugu da ƙari, babu wata shaida ta rami ko rami da zai karkatar da ruwa a cikin kwarin da ke kewaye da wurin ginin. Ginawa a gefen sama na madatsar ruwa galibi an kammala shi amma ɓangaren ƙasa ba a ci gaba da shi sosai ba. Ƙofar madatsar ruwa ta gangara zuwa tsakiya wanda injiniyoyin suka yi niyyar amfani da shi a matsayin hanyar magudanar ruwa. Duk da haka, tunda ba a yanke kan saman madatsar ruwa ba, ba a kare shi daga ruwan ambaliyar ruwa da zai wuce saman kogon ba. Kusantar madatsar ruwa da [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] mai albarka da nisan da ke tsakanin jama'a yana nuna cewa an gina ta ne don kariya daga irin waɗannan abubuwan, kamar waɗanda har yanzu ke faruwa a yau. <ref name="ancegy">{{Cite book|last3=Kathryn A. Bard}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBardSteven_Blake_Shubert1999">[[Kathryn A. Bard|Bard, Kathryn A.]]; Steven Blake Shubert (1999). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required">[[iarchive:encyclopediaarch00bard|''Encyclopedia of the archaeology of ancient Egypt'']]</span>. Routledge – Taylor & Francis Group. pp.&nbsp;[[iarchive:encyclopediaarch00bard/page/n1109|1057]]–1062. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-203-98283-5|<bdi>0-203-98283-5</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Idan an kammala, madatsar ruwa za ta adana {{Convert|465000|m3|ft3}} – {{Convert|625000|m3|ft3}} na ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa da suka sa madatsar ruwan ta cika makil da ruwa a gefen rafin da ke kusa. Rashin nasarar madatsar ruwan ya sa injiniyoyin Masar suka ƙi gina wani wurin na tsawon kusan ƙarni takwas. <ref name="hisgd">{{Cite web |title=Key Developments in the History of Embankment Dams |url=https://www.lassp.cornell.edu/sethna/SimScience/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831131906/http://www.simscience.org/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html |archive-date=August 31, 2011 |access-date=20 September 2018 |publisher=SimScience}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.lassp.cornell.edu/sethna/SimScience/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html "Key Developments in the History of Embankment Dams"]. SimScience. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110831131906/http://www.simscience.org/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html Archived] from the original on August 31, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Wani abin da ke nuna cewa madatsar ruwan ta ragu saboda ambaliyar ruwa, ko kuma ambaliya, shi ne cewa madatsar ruwan da kanta ba ta ƙunshi yawan laka ba, wanda ke nuna cewa madatsar ruwan ba ta daɗe ba har kogin ya bar wani ƙaramin yatsa a kansa. 7tiis7kkrxdm525lpym5r5olc695fsl 842994 842992 2026-05-30T05:26:56Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842994 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sadd el-Kafara''' ("Dam of the Infidels") wani madatsar ruwa ne a kan Wadi al-Garawi mai nisan kilomita 10 kudu maso gabashin Helwan a [[Kairo|Alkahira]], [[Misra|Misira]] . An gina madatsar ruwan ne a farkon rabin karni na uku BC ta tsoffin Masarawa don kula da ambaliyar ruwa kuma ita ce babbar madatsar ruwa mafi tsufa a duniya.<ref name="eardam">{{Cite web |last=Fahlbusch |first=Henning |title=Early Dams |url=http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329045857/http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf |archive-date=29 March 2020 |access-date=20 July 2010 |publisher=History Association}}</ref><ref name="hisgd">{{Cite web |title=Key Developments in the History of Embankment Dams |url=https://www.lassp.cornell.edu/sethna/SimScience/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831131906/http://www.simscience.org/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html |archive-date=August 31, 2011 |access-date=20 September 2018 |publisher=SimScience}}</ref> Ba a kammala shi ba, ana gina madatsar ruwan na tsawon shekaru 10-12 kafin ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata shi. Georg Schweinfurth ne ya sake gano shi a cikin 1885. <ref name="ancegy">{{Cite book|last3=Kathryn A. Bard}}</ref>&nbsp; == Bayani dalla-dalla == Ba a kammala [[Madatsar ruwa|madatsar ruwan]] ba amma tsawonta ya kai kimanin mita 111 da tsayinta mita 14 tare da faɗin tushe na mita 98 da faɗin gefensa mita 56. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sadd-el-Kafara Dam |url=http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?ID=s0010843 |access-date=21 July 2010 |publisher=Structurae}}</ref> Faɗin madatsar ruwan ya kai mita 32 kuma ya ƙunshi tan 60,000 na ƙasa da duwatsu. A kewaye da tsakiyar akwai tarkace guda biyu da aka cika da duwatsu. Bangon da ke ƙasa ya kai kusan mita 37, bangon da ke sama ya kai kusan mita 29, kuma ya ƙunshi {{Convert|2900|m3|ft3}} na kayan aiki. An gina madatsar ruwan daga sama zuwa ƙasa da kuma ganuwar ƙasa da aka yi da ashlar dutse mai daraja . An gina ashlar amma ba a yi turmi a layukan da aka tsara ba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jansen |first=Robert B. |title=DAMS FROM THE BEGINNING |url=http://ussdams.com/ussdeducation/Media/damsfrombegin.doc. |access-date=21 July 2010 |publisher=USSDams.com}}</ref> Kowanne ashlar yana da kimanin {{Convert|30|cm|in}} babba, {{Convert|45|cm|in}}faɗin {{Convert|80|cm|in}} tsayi kuma kusan {{Convert|50|lbs|kg}} . <ref name="eardam">{{Cite web |last=Fahlbusch |first=Henning |title=Early Dams |url=http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329045857/http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf |archive-date=29 March 2020 |access-date=20 July 2010 |publisher=History Association}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFahlbusch">Fahlbusch, Henning. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200329045857/http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf "Early Dams"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. History Association. Archived from [http://www.thomastelford.com/journals/DocumentLibrary/ehah.2009.162.1.13.pdf the original] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 29 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> == Lalacewa == Saboda zaizayar ƙasa a gefen ƙasa na madatsar ruwa da ba ta cika ba da kuma rashin [[Hanyar Zube|magudanar ruwa]], ana kyautata zaton ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata ta. Bugu da ƙari, babu wata shaida ta rami ko rami da zai karkatar da ruwa a cikin kwarin da ke kewaye da wurin ginin. Ginawa a gefen sama na madatsar ruwa galibi an kammala shi amma ɓangaren ƙasa ba a ci gaba da shi sosai ba. Ƙofar madatsar ruwa ta gangara zuwa tsakiya wanda injiniyoyin suka yi niyyar amfani da shi a matsayin hanyar magudanar ruwa. Duk da haka, tunda ba a yanke kan saman madatsar ruwa ba, ba a kare shi daga ruwan ambaliyar ruwa da zai wuce saman kogon ba. Kusantar madatsar ruwa da [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] mai albarka da nisan da ke tsakanin jama'a yana nuna cewa an gina ta ne don kariya daga irin waɗannan abubuwan, kamar waɗanda har yanzu ke faruwa a yau. <ref name="ancegy">{{Cite book|last3=Kathryn A. Bard}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBardSteven_Blake_Shubert1999">[[Kathryn A. Bard|Bard, Kathryn A.]]; Steven Blake Shubert (1999). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required">[[iarchive:encyclopediaarch00bard|''Encyclopedia of the archaeology of ancient Egypt'']]</span>. Routledge – Taylor & Francis Group. pp.&nbsp;[[iarchive:encyclopediaarch00bard/page/n1109|1057]]–1062. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-203-98283-5|<bdi>0-203-98283-5</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Idan an kammala, madatsar ruwa za ta adana {{Convert|465000|m3|ft3}} – {{Convert|625000|m3|ft3}} na ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa da suka sa madatsar ruwan ta cika makil da ruwa a gefen rafin da ke kusa. Rashin nasarar madatsar ruwan ya sa injiniyoyin Masar suka ƙi gina wani wurin na tsawon kusan ƙarni takwas. <ref name="hisgd">{{Cite web |title=Key Developments in the History of Embankment Dams |url=https://www.lassp.cornell.edu/sethna/SimScience/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831131906/http://www.simscience.org/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html |archive-date=August 31, 2011 |access-date=20 September 2018 |publisher=SimScience}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.lassp.cornell.edu/sethna/SimScience/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html "Key Developments in the History of Embankment Dams"]. SimScience. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110831131906/http://www.simscience.org/cracks/advanced/ebnk_hist1.html Archived] from the original on August 31, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Wani abin da ke nuna cewa madatsar ruwan ta ragu saboda ambaliyar ruwa, ko kuma ambaliya, shi ne cewa madatsar ruwan da kanta ba ta ƙunshi yawan laka ba, wanda ke nuna cewa madatsar ruwan ba ta daɗe ba har kogin ya bar wani ƙaramin yatsa a kansa. ==Manazatta== gpe3zqp0vdj86f9r0l19gst7i6xm0ga 0 153290 842995 2026-05-30T05:28:04Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338151013|Aswan Low Dam]]" 842995 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Low Dam''' ko Tsohon Aswan Dam wani madatsar ruwa ne mai nauyi a kan [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] a Aswan, [[Misra|Misira]] . Birtaniya ne suka gina madatsar ruwan a tsohon tafkin Nilu na farko, kuma yana da nisan kilomita 1000 a kan kogi da kilomita 690 (nisan kai tsaye) kudu maso kudu maso gabashin [[Kairo|Alkahira]]. Lokacin da aka fara gina shi tsakanin 1899 da 1902, babu wani abu da aka taɓa gwadawa; a ƙarshen, ita ce madatsar ruwa mafi girma a duniya. An tsara madatsar ruwan ne don samar da ajiyar ruwan ambaliyar shekara-shekara da haɓaka lokacin bushewa don tallafawa ci gaban ban ruwa mafi girma da haɓaka yawan jama'a a cikin ƙananan Nilu. Dam din, wanda aka iyakance shi da tsawo saboda damuwa game da kiyayewa, ya yi aiki kamar yadda aka tsara, amma ya ba da isasshen damar ajiya don ci gaban da aka tsara kuma an ɗaga shi sau biyu: tsakanin 1907 da 1912 kuma tsakanin 1929 da 1933. Wadannan tsawo har yanzu ba su cika bukatun ban ruwa ba kuma a cikin 1946 an kusan wuce gona da iri a kokarin kara girman tafkin. Wannan ya haifar da bincike da kuma gina Aswan High Dam mai nisan kilomita 6.7 daga sama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The First Aswan Dam |url=http://www.umich.edu/~kelseydb/Exhibits/AncientNubia/PhotoIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19970615204902/http://www.umich.edu/~kelseydb/Exhibits/AncientNubia/PhotoIntro.html |archive-date=15 June 1997 |access-date=2 January 2011 |publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; == Bayani == Yunkurin farko da aka rubuta na gina madatsar ruwa kusa da Aswan ya kasance a ƙarni na 11, lokacin da [[Halifancin Fatimid|Khalifan Fatim]], Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, ya kira babban masanin ilmin [[Larabawa]] kuma injiniya [[Ibn al-Haytham]] (wanda aka sani da ''Alhazen'' a Yamma) zuwa Masar don daidaita [[Ambaliyar kogin nilu|ambaliyar ruwa ta Kogin Nilu]] . Bayan aikinsa a fagen ya shawo kansa game da rashin amfani da wannan makircin, kuma yana jin tsoron fushin Khalifa, ya yi kamar mahaukaci . An tsare shi a gidan yari tun daga shekarar 1011 har zuwa mutuwar al-Hakim a shekarar 1021, a lokacin ne ya rubuta ''littafinsa mai tasiri na Littattafan Haske'' . == Gine-gine == An san cewa gina madatsar ruwa a Aswan ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa a Philae. An umurci injiniyoyin Sashen Ayyukan Jama'a da su ci gaba da aikin ko da ba a sami wani wuri daban ba. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Andersen |first=Casper |date=2011-04-19 |title=The Philae Controversy—Muscular Modernization and Paternalistic Preservation in Aswan and London |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02757206.2011.558580 |journal=History and Anthropology |language=en |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=203–220 |doi=10.1080/02757206.2011.558580 |issn=0275-7206 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Bayan nasarar da suka samu a 1882 na Yaƙin Anglo-Masar wanda ya kai ga mamaye Masar, Turawan Birtaniya sun fara gina madatsar ruwa ta farko a fadin Kogin Nilu a 1898. Ginin ya ci gaba har zuwa 1902, kuma Yarima Arthur, Duke na Connaught da Strathearn suka buɗe shi a ranar 10 ga Disamba 1902. Sir William Willcocks ne ya tsara aikin kuma ya ƙunshi fitattun injiniyoyi da yawa a lokacin, ciki har da Sir Benjamin Baker da Sir John Aird, wanda kamfaninsa, John Aird &amp;amp; Co., shine babban mai kwangilar. Ernest Cassel ne ya samar da jari da kuɗaɗen. An tsara Tsohon Madatsar Ruwan Aswan a matsayin madatsar ruwa mai nauyi ; sassan madatsar ruwan suna ɗauke da [[Kofar ambaliya|ƙofofi]] da yawa, waɗanda ake buɗewa kowace shekara don wucewar ambaliyar ruwa da laka mai wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki, amma ba tare da adana wani ajiya na shekara-shekara ba. An gina madatsar ruwan da tarkace kuma an fuskanci dutse mai launin ja. Lokacin da aka gina shi, Madatsar Ruwan Aswan ita ce babbar madatsar ruwan gini a duniya. Tsarin ya kuma haɗa da makullin kewayawa irin wannan gini a gefen yamma, wanda ya ba da damar jigilar kaya ta wuce har zuwa gawarwakin ruwa na biyu, yayin da a da ake buƙatar ɗaukar kaya a saman ƙasa. A lokacin gina shi, ba a taɓa yin ƙoƙarin yin wani abu mai girma irin wannan ba. === Tsawaita === An sanya takunkumi na farko kan tsayin madatsar ruwan, saboda damuwa game da [[Haikali na Philae|Haikalin Philae]] . An gano cewa ginin farko bai isa ga buƙatun ci gaba ba, kuma an ɗaga tsayin madatsar ruwan a matakai biyu: {{Convert|5|m}} tsakanin 1907 da 1912 da {{Convert|9|m}} tsakanin 1929 da 1933. An ƙara samar da wutar lantarki. Sir Benjamin Baker ne ke kula da matakin farko, amma Murdoch MacDonald ne ya gudanar da mafi yawan aikin dalla-dalla. Da gina madatsar ruwa ta ƙarshe (wanda kamfanin MacDonald, Sir M MacDonald &amp;amp; Partners, ya tsara kuma ya kula da ita), madatsar ruwan tana da {{Convert|1950|m}}tsawon , tare da matakin lanƙwasa {{Convert|36|m}} sama da asalin tushen kogin; madatsar ruwa ta samar da babbar hanyar zirga-zirga tsakanin birnin da filin jirgin sama. Tare da gina Babban Madatsar Ruwa a sama, ikon Tsohon Madatsar Ruwa na wuce laka na ambaliyar ruwa ya ɓace, haka kuma ƙarfin aiki da makullan ke bayarwa. Matakan madatsar ruwa na Tsohon Madatsar Ruwa shi ma an rage shi kuma yanzu yana ba da ikon sarrafa ruwan baya na Babban Madatsar Ruwa. == Cibiyoyin samar da wutar lantarki == Madatsar ruwan ƙasa ta Aswan tana tallafawa tashoshin wutar lantarki guda biyu na ruwa, Aswan I (1960) da Aswan II (1985–1986). Aswan I tana ɗauke da {{Convert|40|MW}}janareto mai ƙarfin tare da injinan turbines na Kaplan don jimlar ƙarfin {{Convert|280|MW}} kuma yana yammacin madatsar ruwa. Aswan II yana ɗauke da {{Convert|67.5|MW}}injinan samar da wutar lantarki don ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka sanya na {{Convert|270|MW}} kuma yana nan a gefen madatsar ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aswan Dam (1,2) Electric Hydro Power Plant |url=http://www.moee.gov.eg/english/elshabaka/Aswan%20Dam%20%281,2%29.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720131508/http://www.moee.gov.eg/english/elshabaka/Aswan%20Dam%20%281%2C2%29.htm |archive-date=20 July 2011 |access-date=2 January 2011 |publisher=Egypt Ministry of Energy and Electricity}}</ref> llx8391cvfzmn8k5a1sbmq134zqpp65 842996 842995 2026-05-30T05:28:44Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842996 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Low Dam''' ko Tsohon Aswan Dam wani madatsar ruwa ne mai nauyi a kan [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] a Aswan, [[Misra|Misira]] . Birtaniya ne suka gina madatsar ruwan a tsohon tafkin Nilu na farko, kuma yana da nisan kilomita 1000 a kan kogi da kilomita 690 (nisan kai tsaye) kudu maso kudu maso gabashin [[Kairo|Alkahira]]. Lokacin da aka fara gina shi tsakanin 1899 da 1902, babu wani abu da aka taɓa gwadawa; a ƙarshen, ita ce madatsar ruwa mafi girma a duniya. An tsara madatsar ruwan ne don samar da ajiyar ruwan ambaliyar shekara-shekara da haɓaka lokacin bushewa don tallafawa ci gaban ban ruwa mafi girma da haɓaka yawan jama'a a cikin ƙananan Nilu. Dam din, wanda aka iyakance shi da tsawo saboda damuwa game da kiyayewa, ya yi aiki kamar yadda aka tsara, amma ya ba da isasshen damar ajiya don ci gaban da aka tsara kuma an ɗaga shi sau biyu: tsakanin 1907 da 1912 kuma tsakanin 1929 da 1933. Wadannan tsawo har yanzu ba su cika bukatun ban ruwa ba kuma a cikin 1946 an kusan wuce gona da iri a kokarin kara girman tafkin. Wannan ya haifar da bincike da kuma gina Aswan High Dam mai nisan kilomita 6.7 daga sama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The First Aswan Dam |url=http://www.umich.edu/~kelseydb/Exhibits/AncientNubia/PhotoIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19970615204902/http://www.umich.edu/~kelseydb/Exhibits/AncientNubia/PhotoIntro.html |archive-date=15 June 1997 |access-date=2 January 2011 |publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; == Bayani == Yunkurin farko da aka rubuta na gina madatsar ruwa kusa da Aswan ya kasance a ƙarni na 11, lokacin da [[Halifancin Fatimid|Khalifan Fatim]], Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, ya kira babban masanin ilmin [[Larabawa]] kuma injiniya [[Ibn al-Haytham]] (wanda aka sani da ''Alhazen'' a Yamma) zuwa Masar don daidaita [[Ambaliyar kogin nilu|ambaliyar ruwa ta Kogin Nilu]] . Bayan aikinsa a fagen ya shawo kansa game da rashin amfani da wannan makircin, kuma yana jin tsoron fushin Khalifa, ya yi kamar mahaukaci . An tsare shi a gidan yari tun daga shekarar 1011 har zuwa mutuwar al-Hakim a shekarar 1021, a lokacin ne ya rubuta ''littafinsa mai tasiri na Littattafan Haske'' . == Gine-gine == An san cewa gina madatsar ruwa a Aswan ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa a Philae. An umurci injiniyoyin Sashen Ayyukan Jama'a da su ci gaba da aikin ko da ba a sami wani wuri daban ba. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Andersen |first=Casper |date=2011-04-19 |title=The Philae Controversy—Muscular Modernization and Paternalistic Preservation in Aswan and London |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02757206.2011.558580 |journal=History and Anthropology |language=en |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=203–220 |doi=10.1080/02757206.2011.558580 |issn=0275-7206 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Bayan nasarar da suka samu a 1882 na Yaƙin Anglo-Masar wanda ya kai ga mamaye Masar, Turawan Birtaniya sun fara gina madatsar ruwa ta farko a fadin Kogin Nilu a 1898. Ginin ya ci gaba har zuwa 1902, kuma Yarima Arthur, Duke na Connaught da Strathearn suka buɗe shi a ranar 10 ga Disamba 1902. Sir William Willcocks ne ya tsara aikin kuma ya ƙunshi fitattun injiniyoyi da yawa a lokacin, ciki har da Sir Benjamin Baker da Sir John Aird, wanda kamfaninsa, John Aird &amp;amp; Co., shine babban mai kwangilar. Ernest Cassel ne ya samar da jari da kuɗaɗen. An tsara Tsohon Madatsar Ruwan Aswan a matsayin madatsar ruwa mai nauyi ; sassan madatsar ruwan suna ɗauke da [[Kofar ambaliya|ƙofofi]] da yawa, waɗanda ake buɗewa kowace shekara don wucewar ambaliyar ruwa da laka mai wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki, amma ba tare da adana wani ajiya na shekara-shekara ba. An gina madatsar ruwan da tarkace kuma an fuskanci dutse mai launin ja. Lokacin da aka gina shi, Madatsar Ruwan Aswan ita ce babbar madatsar ruwan gini a duniya. Tsarin ya kuma haɗa da makullin kewayawa irin wannan gini a gefen yamma, wanda ya ba da damar jigilar kaya ta wuce har zuwa gawarwakin ruwa na biyu, yayin da a da ake buƙatar ɗaukar kaya a saman ƙasa. A lokacin gina shi, ba a taɓa yin ƙoƙarin yin wani abu mai girma irin wannan ba. === Tsawaita === An sanya takunkumi na farko kan tsayin madatsar ruwan, saboda damuwa game da [[Haikali na Philae|Haikalin Philae]] . An gano cewa ginin farko bai isa ga buƙatun ci gaba ba, kuma an ɗaga tsayin madatsar ruwan a matakai biyu: {{Convert|5|m}} tsakanin 1907 da 1912 da {{Convert|9|m}} tsakanin 1929 da 1933. An ƙara samar da wutar lantarki. Sir Benjamin Baker ne ke kula da matakin farko, amma Murdoch MacDonald ne ya gudanar da mafi yawan aikin dalla-dalla. Da gina madatsar ruwa ta ƙarshe (wanda kamfanin MacDonald, Sir M MacDonald &amp;amp; Partners, ya tsara kuma ya kula da ita), madatsar ruwan tana da {{Convert|1950|m}}tsawon , tare da matakin lanƙwasa {{Convert|36|m}} sama da asalin tushen kogin; madatsar ruwa ta samar da babbar hanyar zirga-zirga tsakanin birnin da filin jirgin sama. Tare da gina Babban Madatsar Ruwa a sama, ikon Tsohon Madatsar Ruwa na wuce laka na ambaliyar ruwa ya ɓace, haka kuma ƙarfin aiki da makullan ke bayarwa. Matakan madatsar ruwa na Tsohon Madatsar Ruwa shi ma an rage shi kuma yanzu yana ba da ikon sarrafa ruwan baya na Babban Madatsar Ruwa. == Cibiyoyin samar da wutar lantarki == Madatsar ruwan ƙasa ta Aswan tana tallafawa tashoshin wutar lantarki guda biyu na ruwa, Aswan I (1960) da Aswan II (1985–1986). Aswan I tana ɗauke da {{Convert|40|MW}}janareto mai ƙarfin tare da injinan turbines na Kaplan don jimlar ƙarfin {{Convert|280|MW}} kuma yana yammacin madatsar ruwa. Aswan II yana ɗauke da {{Convert|67.5|MW}}injinan samar da wutar lantarki don ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka sanya na {{Convert|270|MW}} kuma yana nan a gefen madatsar ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aswan Dam (1,2) Electric Hydro Power Plant |url=http://www.moee.gov.eg/english/elshabaka/Aswan%20Dam%20%281,2%29.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720131508/http://www.moee.gov.eg/english/elshabaka/Aswan%20Dam%20%281%2C2%29.htm |archive-date=20 July 2011 |access-date=2 January 2011 |publisher=Egypt Ministry of Energy and Electricity}}</ref> ==manazarta== 7p9r6y4s3d9bvpvif5zjtmcdrl00wpw 0 153291 842998 2026-05-30T05:30:48Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355840073|Aswan High Dam]]" 842998 wikitext text/x-wiki Babban madatsar ruwa [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]], wanda galibi ake kira kawai madatsar ruwa ta Aswan, tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan madatsar jiragen ruwa a duniya, wanda aka gina tsakanin 1960 da 1970 a fadin [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] a Aswan, Misira. Gwamnatin Masar ce ta haɓaka aikin tare da taimakon [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] don inganta kula da ambaliyar ruwa, samar da ƙarin ajiyar ruwa don ban ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki. An ga madatsar ruwan a matsayin muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga shirye-shiryen Masana'antu na kasar. Kamar aiwatarwa da ta gabata, Babban Dam din ya yi tasiri sosai ga tattalin arziki da al'adun Masar. Lokacin da aka kammala shi, shi ne madatsar ruwa mafi tsayi a duniya, wadda ta zarce madatsar ruwa ta Chatuge a Amurka. An gina madatsar ruwa, wadda ta ƙirƙiri madatsar ruwa ta [[tafkin Nasser]], {{Cvt|7|km}} sama da madatsar ruwan Aswan Low, wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1902 kuma an riga an yi amfani da shi sosai. Da yake an gina tsohon madatsar ruwa, [[Ambaliyar kogin nilu|ambaliyar ruwa ta shekara-shekara ta kogin Nilu]] a ƙarshen bazara ta ci gaba da wucewa ba tare da wani cikas ba a kwarin daga magudanar ruwa [[Gabashin Afirka|ta Gabashin Afirka]] . Waɗannan ambaliyar ruwa suna kawo ruwa mai yawa tare da abubuwan gina jiki na halitta da ma'adanai waɗanda ke wadatar da [[Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa)|ƙasa]] mai kyau a gefen [[Filin Ambaliyar|ambaliyar ruwa]] da kuma yankin delta ; wannan hasashen ya sa kwarin Nilu ya zama wuri mai kyau don noma tun [[Tsohuwar Masar|zamanin da]] . Duk da haka, wannan ambaliyar ruwa ta halitta ta bambanta, domin shekarun ruwan sama masu yawa na iya lalata dukkan amfanin gona, yayin da shekarun ƙarancin ruwa na iya haifar da [[fari]] mai yawa da kuma yunwa . Duk waɗannan abubuwan biyu sun ci gaba da faruwa lokaci-lokaci. == Tarihin gini == Yunkurin farko da aka rubuta na gina madatsar ruwa kusa da Aswan ya faru ne a ƙarni na 11, lokacin da [[Halifancin Fatimid|Khalifan Fatim]] Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah ya kira babban masanin ilmin taurari na Larabawa kuma injiniya [[Ibn al-Haytham]] (wanda aka sani da ''Alhazen'' a Yamma) zuwa Masar don daidaita [[Ambaliyar kogin nilu|ambaliyar ruwa ta Kogin Nilu]], aikin da ke buƙatar yunƙurin gaggawa a madatsar ruwa ta Aswan. Bayan aikinsa a fagen ya shawo kansa game da rashin amfani da wannan makircin, kuma yana jin tsoron fushin Khalifa, ya yi kamar mahaukaci ne . An tsare shi a gidan yari tun daga 1011 har zuwa mutuwar al-Hakim a 1021, a lokacin ne ya rubuta ''littafinsa mai tasiri na Littattafan Haske'' . === Madatsar Ruwa ta Aswan, 1898–1902 === Turawan Birtaniya sun fara gina madatsar ruwa ta farko a fadin kogin Nilu a shekarar 1898. Ginin ya ci gaba har zuwa shekarar 1902 kuma an bude madatsar ruwa a ranar 10 ga Disamba, 1902. Sir William Willcocks ne ya tsara aikin kuma ya kunshi fitattun injiniyoyi da dama, ciki har da Sir Benjamin Baker da Sir John Aird, wanda kamfaninsa, John Aird &amp;amp; Co., shine babban dan kwangilar. Duk da cewa Dulles ya yi imanin cewa Nasser yana yin zamba ne kawai kuma Tarayyar Soviet ba za ta taimaki Nasser ba, ya yi kuskure: Tarayyar Soviet ta yi wa Nasser alƙawarin samun makamai da yawa don a biya shi da wuri na hatsi da audugar Masar. A ranar 27 ga Satumba, 1955, Nasser ya sanar da yarjejeniyar makamai, inda Czechoslovakia ta yi aiki a matsayin mai shiga tsakani don goyon bayan Tarayyar Soviet. Maimakon kai hari ga Nasser saboda komawa ga Tarayyar Soviet, Dulles ya nemi inganta dangantaka da shi. A watan Disamba na 1955, Amurka da Burtaniya sun yi alkawarin dala 56 da dala 14&nbsp;miliyan, bi da bi, don gina Babban Madatsar Ruwa ta Aswan. [[Fayil:Nasser_observing_Aswan_Dam_construction.jpg|left|thumb|[[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] yana lura da aikin gina madatsar ruwa, 1963]] Duk da cewa yarjejeniyar makamai ta Czech ta haifar da kwarin gwiwa ga Amurka ta zuba jari a Aswan, Birtaniya ta ambaci yarjejeniyar a matsayin dalilin soke alkawarinta na asusun madatsun ruwa. Dulles ya fusata sosai da amincewar da Nasser ya yi wa [[Sin|China]] a fannin diflomasiyya, wanda ya saba wa manufar Dulles ta takaita kwaminisanci. Wasu dalilai da dama sun taimaka wa Amurka ta yanke shawarar janye tayinta na samar da kudaden gina madatsar ruwa. Dulles ya yi imanin cewa Tarayyar Soviet ba za ta cika alkawarinta na tallafawa sojoji ba. Ya kuma fusata da rashin daidaiton Nasser da kuma yunkurin yin amfani da bangarorin biyu na [[Cold War|Yaƙin Cacar Baki]] . A lokacin, sauran kawayen Yammacin Turai a Gabas ta Tsakiya, ciki har da Turkiyya da Iraki, sun nuna rashin jin daɗin cewa ana ba wa Masar, ƙasa mai ci gaba da tsaka-tsaki, taimako mai yawa. A watan Yunin 1956, Tarayyar Soviet ta ba Nasser dala $1.12&nbsp;biliyan a kashi 2% na ribar ginin madatsar ruwan. A ranar 19 ga Yuli, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta sanar da cewa tallafin kuɗi na Amurka ga Babban Madatsar ruwan "ba zai yiwu ba a halin yanzu." A ranar 26 ga Yulin 1956, tare da yabo daga Masar, Nasser ya sanar da mayar da magudanar ruwa ta Suez ta ƙasa, wadda ta haɗa da diyya mai kyau ga tsoffin masu ita. Nasser ya tsara kuɗaɗen shiga da magudanar ruwa ke samu don taimakawa wajen samar da kuɗin gina Babban Madatsar Ruwa. Lokacin da Yaƙin Suez ya ɓarke, Birtaniya, Faransa, da Isra'ila sun kwace magudanar ruwa da Sinai. Amma matsin lamba daga Amurka da [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] a [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] da wasu wurare ya tilasta musu janyewa. Duk da girmansa, aikin Aswan bai yi wa ma'aunin biyan bashin Masar illa ba. Kudaden Tarayyar Soviet guda uku sun rufe kusan dukkan buƙatun musayar kuɗi na ƙasashen waje na aikin, gami da kuɗin ayyukan fasaha, kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki da na'urorin watsawa da aka shigo da su da kuma wasu kayan aikin da aka shigo da su don sake mallakar filaye. Masar ba ta fuskanci wani nauyi mai tsanani ba game da biyan bashin, yawancinsu an tsawaita su na tsawon shekaru 12 tare da riba mai ƙarancin kashi 2-1/2%. Biyan kuɗi ga [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] ya ƙunshi ƙaramin magudanar ruwa ne kawai a rabin farko na shekarun 1960, kuma ƙaruwar kuɗin fitar da kaya da aka samu daga amfanin gona da aka noma a sabbin filayen da aka sake kwato sun fi daidaita matsakaicin biyan bashin da aka biya a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. A lokacin 1965-1970, waɗannan kuɗaɗen da aka samu daga fitarwa sun kai kimanin dala $126.&nbsp;miliyan, idan aka kwatanta da biyan bashin dala $113&nbsp;miliyan. <ref>{{Cite web |title=INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM ECONOMIC IMPRACT OF THE ASWAN HIGH DAM |url=https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP85T00875R001700020056-7.pdf |website=Cia Readingroom}}</ref> === Ginawa da cikawa, 1960–1976 === [[Fayil:High_Dam_Burg_Memorial_Wall,_Aswan,_Egypt,_Oct_2004.jpg|right|thumb|Babban rumfar tarihi ta tunawa da zumuncin Larabawa da Tarayyar Soviet. Wannan abin tunawa yana tunawa da kammala babban madatsar ruwa ta Aswan. Alamar Tarayyar Soviet tana hagu, kuma alamar Masar tana dama.]] Sojojin Soviet sun kuma samar da masu fasaha da manyan injuna. Nikolai Aleksandrovich Malyshev na Cibiyar Hydroproject da ke Moscow, <ref name="Malyshev">{{Cite web |last=MIL-OSI |date=January 16, 2024 |title=Legends of Russian science: Nikolai Aleksandrovich Malyshev |url=https://foreignaffairs.co.nz/2024/01/16/mil-osi-russia-legends-of-russian-science-nikolai-aleksandrovich-malyshev/ |website=foreignaffairs.co.nz}}</ref> tare da wasu injiniyoyin Masar ne suka tsara babban [[Madatsar ruwa|madatsar]] ruwan dutse da yumbu. Injiniyoyin Masar da ma'aikata 25,000 ne suka ba da gudummawa wajen gina madatsar ruwan. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] hh56vjkoad33d6aooaio5ul3rvaiwln 842999 842998 2026-05-30T05:31:14Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 842999 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Babban madatsar ruwa [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]], wanda galibi ake kira kawai madatsar ruwa ta Aswan, tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan madatsar jiragen ruwa a duniya, wanda aka gina tsakanin 1960 da 1970 a fadin [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] a Aswan, Misira. Gwamnatin Masar ce ta haɓaka aikin tare da taimakon [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] don inganta kula da ambaliyar ruwa, samar da ƙarin ajiyar ruwa don ban ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki. An ga madatsar ruwan a matsayin muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga shirye-shiryen Masana'antu na kasar. Kamar aiwatarwa da ta gabata, Babban Dam din ya yi tasiri sosai ga tattalin arziki da al'adun Masar. Lokacin da aka kammala shi, shi ne madatsar ruwa mafi tsayi a duniya, wadda ta zarce madatsar ruwa ta Chatuge a Amurka. An gina madatsar ruwa, wadda ta ƙirƙiri madatsar ruwa ta [[tafkin Nasser]], {{Cvt|7|km}} sama da madatsar ruwan Aswan Low, wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1902 kuma an riga an yi amfani da shi sosai. Da yake an gina tsohon madatsar ruwa, [[Ambaliyar kogin nilu|ambaliyar ruwa ta shekara-shekara ta kogin Nilu]] a ƙarshen bazara ta ci gaba da wucewa ba tare da wani cikas ba a kwarin daga magudanar ruwa [[Gabashin Afirka|ta Gabashin Afirka]] . Waɗannan ambaliyar ruwa suna kawo ruwa mai yawa tare da abubuwan gina jiki na halitta da ma'adanai waɗanda ke wadatar da [[Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa)|ƙasa]] mai kyau a gefen [[Filin Ambaliyar|ambaliyar ruwa]] da kuma yankin delta ; wannan hasashen ya sa kwarin Nilu ya zama wuri mai kyau don noma tun [[Tsohuwar Masar|zamanin da]] . Duk da haka, wannan ambaliyar ruwa ta halitta ta bambanta, domin shekarun ruwan sama masu yawa na iya lalata dukkan amfanin gona, yayin da shekarun ƙarancin ruwa na iya haifar da [[fari]] mai yawa da kuma yunwa . Duk waɗannan abubuwan biyu sun ci gaba da faruwa lokaci-lokaci. == Tarihin gini == Yunkurin farko da aka rubuta na gina madatsar ruwa kusa da Aswan ya faru ne a ƙarni na 11, lokacin da [[Halifancin Fatimid|Khalifan Fatim]] Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah ya kira babban masanin ilmin taurari na Larabawa kuma injiniya [[Ibn al-Haytham]] (wanda aka sani da ''Alhazen'' a Yamma) zuwa Masar don daidaita [[Ambaliyar kogin nilu|ambaliyar ruwa ta Kogin Nilu]], aikin da ke buƙatar yunƙurin gaggawa a madatsar ruwa ta Aswan. Bayan aikinsa a fagen ya shawo kansa game da rashin amfani da wannan makircin, kuma yana jin tsoron fushin Khalifa, ya yi kamar mahaukaci ne . An tsare shi a gidan yari tun daga 1011 har zuwa mutuwar al-Hakim a 1021, a lokacin ne ya rubuta ''littafinsa mai tasiri na Littattafan Haske'' . === Madatsar Ruwa ta Aswan, 1898–1902 === Turawan Birtaniya sun fara gina madatsar ruwa ta farko a fadin kogin Nilu a shekarar 1898. Ginin ya ci gaba har zuwa shekarar 1902 kuma an bude madatsar ruwa a ranar 10 ga Disamba, 1902. Sir William Willcocks ne ya tsara aikin kuma ya kunshi fitattun injiniyoyi da dama, ciki har da Sir Benjamin Baker da Sir John Aird, wanda kamfaninsa, John Aird &amp;amp; Co., shine babban dan kwangilar. Duk da cewa Dulles ya yi imanin cewa Nasser yana yin zamba ne kawai kuma Tarayyar Soviet ba za ta taimaki Nasser ba, ya yi kuskure: Tarayyar Soviet ta yi wa Nasser alƙawarin samun makamai da yawa don a biya shi da wuri na hatsi da audugar Masar. A ranar 27 ga Satumba, 1955, Nasser ya sanar da yarjejeniyar makamai, inda Czechoslovakia ta yi aiki a matsayin mai shiga tsakani don goyon bayan Tarayyar Soviet. Maimakon kai hari ga Nasser saboda komawa ga Tarayyar Soviet, Dulles ya nemi inganta dangantaka da shi. A watan Disamba na 1955, Amurka da Burtaniya sun yi alkawarin dala 56 da dala 14&nbsp;miliyan, bi da bi, don gina Babban Madatsar Ruwa ta Aswan. [[Fayil:Nasser_observing_Aswan_Dam_construction.jpg|left|thumb|[[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] yana lura da aikin gina madatsar ruwa, 1963]] Duk da cewa yarjejeniyar makamai ta Czech ta haifar da kwarin gwiwa ga Amurka ta zuba jari a Aswan, Birtaniya ta ambaci yarjejeniyar a matsayin dalilin soke alkawarinta na asusun madatsun ruwa. Dulles ya fusata sosai da amincewar da Nasser ya yi wa [[Sin|China]] a fannin diflomasiyya, wanda ya saba wa manufar Dulles ta takaita kwaminisanci. Wasu dalilai da dama sun taimaka wa Amurka ta yanke shawarar janye tayinta na samar da kudaden gina madatsar ruwa. Dulles ya yi imanin cewa Tarayyar Soviet ba za ta cika alkawarinta na tallafawa sojoji ba. Ya kuma fusata da rashin daidaiton Nasser da kuma yunkurin yin amfani da bangarorin biyu na [[Cold War|Yaƙin Cacar Baki]] . A lokacin, sauran kawayen Yammacin Turai a Gabas ta Tsakiya, ciki har da Turkiyya da Iraki, sun nuna rashin jin daɗin cewa ana ba wa Masar, ƙasa mai ci gaba da tsaka-tsaki, taimako mai yawa. A watan Yunin 1956, Tarayyar Soviet ta ba Nasser dala $1.12&nbsp;biliyan a kashi 2% na ribar ginin madatsar ruwan. A ranar 19 ga Yuli, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta sanar da cewa tallafin kuɗi na Amurka ga Babban Madatsar ruwan "ba zai yiwu ba a halin yanzu." A ranar 26 ga Yulin 1956, tare da yabo daga Masar, Nasser ya sanar da mayar da magudanar ruwa ta Suez ta ƙasa, wadda ta haɗa da diyya mai kyau ga tsoffin masu ita. Nasser ya tsara kuɗaɗen shiga da magudanar ruwa ke samu don taimakawa wajen samar da kuɗin gina Babban Madatsar Ruwa. Lokacin da Yaƙin Suez ya ɓarke, Birtaniya, Faransa, da Isra'ila sun kwace magudanar ruwa da Sinai. Amma matsin lamba daga Amurka da [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] a [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] da wasu wurare ya tilasta musu janyewa. Duk da girmansa, aikin Aswan bai yi wa ma'aunin biyan bashin Masar illa ba. Kudaden Tarayyar Soviet guda uku sun rufe kusan dukkan buƙatun musayar kuɗi na ƙasashen waje na aikin, gami da kuɗin ayyukan fasaha, kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki da na'urorin watsawa da aka shigo da su da kuma wasu kayan aikin da aka shigo da su don sake mallakar filaye. Masar ba ta fuskanci wani nauyi mai tsanani ba game da biyan bashin, yawancinsu an tsawaita su na tsawon shekaru 12 tare da riba mai ƙarancin kashi 2-1/2%. Biyan kuɗi ga [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]] ya ƙunshi ƙaramin magudanar ruwa ne kawai a rabin farko na shekarun 1960, kuma ƙaruwar kuɗin fitar da kaya da aka samu daga amfanin gona da aka noma a sabbin filayen da aka sake kwato sun fi daidaita matsakaicin biyan bashin da aka biya a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. A lokacin 1965-1970, waɗannan kuɗaɗen da aka samu daga fitarwa sun kai kimanin dala $126.&nbsp;miliyan, idan aka kwatanta da biyan bashin dala $113&nbsp;miliyan. <ref>{{Cite web |title=INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM ECONOMIC IMPRACT OF THE ASWAN HIGH DAM |url=https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP85T00875R001700020056-7.pdf |website=Cia Readingroom}}</ref> === Ginawa da cikawa, 1960–1976 === [[Fayil:High_Dam_Burg_Memorial_Wall,_Aswan,_Egypt,_Oct_2004.jpg|right|thumb|Babban rumfar tarihi ta tunawa da zumuncin Larabawa da Tarayyar Soviet. Wannan abin tunawa yana tunawa da kammala babban madatsar ruwa ta Aswan. Alamar Tarayyar Soviet tana hagu, kuma alamar Masar tana dama.]] Sojojin Soviet sun kuma samar da masu fasaha da manyan injuna. Nikolai Aleksandrovich Malyshev na Cibiyar Hydroproject da ke Moscow, <ref name="Malyshev">{{Cite web |last=MIL-OSI |date=January 16, 2024 |title=Legends of Russian science: Nikolai Aleksandrovich Malyshev |url=https://foreignaffairs.co.nz/2024/01/16/mil-osi-russia-legends-of-russian-science-nikolai-aleksandrovich-malyshev/ |website=foreignaffairs.co.nz}}</ref> tare da wasu injiniyoyin Masar ne suka tsara babban [[Madatsar ruwa|madatsar]] ruwan dutse da yumbu. Injiniyoyin Masar da ma'aikata 25,000 ne suka ba da gudummawa wajen gina madatsar ruwan. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ==manazattq== r1tuvizufpm9cye4gnw8nmsccs94aws 0 153292 843001 2026-05-30T05:32:10Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356407280|2020 East Africa floods]]" 843001 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ambaliyar ruwa ta Gabashin Afirka ta 2020''' ta faru ne a [[Ruwanda]], [[Kenya]], [[Somaliya]], [[Burundi]], [[Itofiya|Habasha]], [[Uganda]], [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo]], [[Jibuti (ƙasa)|Djibouti]] da [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]], lamarin da ya shafi akalla mutane 700,000. Ya fara ne lokacin da ruwan sama mai yawa ya fara sauka a watan Maris, wanda ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa da zaftarewar ƙasa. Sun yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane sama da 430, musamman a Kenya da Rwanda. A lokacin kaka, [[Ambaliyar Sahel ta Afirka ta 2020|wani ambaliyar ruwa]] ta sake afkuwa a yankin Sahel na Afirka. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kassegn |first=Andualem |last2=Endris |first2=Ebrahim |year=2021 |title=Review on socio-economic impacts of 'Triple Threats' of COVID-19, desert locusts, and floods in East Africa: Evidence from Ethiopia |journal=Cogent Social Sciences |volume=7 |doi=10.1080/23311886.2021.1885122 |s2cid=233923728 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wainwright |first=Caroline M. |last2=Finney |first2=Declan L. |last3=Kilavi |first3=Mary |last4=Black |first4=Emily |last5=Marsham |first5=John H. |year=2021 |title=Extreme rainfall in East Africa, October 2019–January 2020 and context under future climate change |url=https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/wea.3824 |journal=Weather |volume=76 |issue=1 |pages=26–31 |bibcode=2021Wthr...76...26W |doi=10.1002/wea.3824 |s2cid=225359280 |doi-access=free}}</ref> [[Ambaliya|Ambaliyar ruwa]] ita ce nau'in bala'o'in halitta da suka fi yawa kuma tana faruwa ne lokacin da ruwa ya mamaye ƙasa wanda yawanci yake bushewa. Ambaliyar ruwa galibi tana faruwa ne sakamakon ruwan sama mai ƙarfi, narkewar dusar ƙanƙara cikin sauri ko kuma guguwar guguwa sakamakon guguwar zafi ko tsunami a yankunan bakin teku. Ambaliyar ruwa mai muni ta haifar da asarar rayuka miliyoyin mutane a ƙarni na ashirin, asarar tattalin arziki ta dubban biliyoyin daloli a kowace shekara, da kuma babban cikas ga cinikin duniya. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Merz |first=Bruno |last2=Blöschl |first2=Günter |last3=Vorogushyn |first3=Sergiy |last4=Dottori |first4=Francesco |last5=Aerts |first5=Jeroen C. J. H. |last6=Bates |first6=Paul |last7=Bertola |first7=Miriam |last8=Kemter |first8=Matthias |last9=Kreibich |first9=Heidi |last10=Lall |first10=Upmanu |last11=MacDonald |first11=Elena |year=2021 |title=Causes, impacts and patterns of disastrous river floods |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-021-00195-3 |journal=Nature Reviews Earth & Environment |volume=2 |issue=9 |pages=592–609 |doi=10.1038/s43017-021-00195-3 |s2cid=236972361 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Tasirin ƙasa == === Rwanda === [[Fayil:A_bicycle_rider_carrying_a_passenger_with_crosses_hustles_his_way_through_a_flooded_road_in_Kigali_on_28_January_2020._Emmanuel_Kwizera.jpg|thumb|'''Wani mai keke dauke da fasinja dauke da giciye yana tafiya cikin titin da ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye a Kigali a ranar 28 ga Janairu, 2020. Emmanuel Kwizera''']] Ruwan sama mai ƙarfi, haske da kuma tsawa sun shafi ƙasar tsakanin 2 zuwa 4 ga Maris, inda suka yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane 5, tare da rahoton ambaliyar ruwa a lardunan Kigali da Kudanci. Mutane biyu sun mutu sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa a gundumar Ruhango, Lardin Kudu da kuma mutum ɗaya a Gundumar Gasabo, Birnin Kigali. Mutum ɗaya kuma ya mutu sakamakon walƙiya a gundumar Rulindo, Lardin Arewa da kuma wani a Gundumar Nyanza, Lardin Kudu. Jimillar mutane 13 sun ji rauni kuma gidaje 42 sun lalace. Hanyoyi da gadoji suma sun lalace ko sun lalace. A ranar 7 ga Maris, mutane 5 sun mutu bayan ruwan sama mai ƙarfi ya sa kogi ya cika ya kuma mamaye wani kogo a gundumar Nyamagabe a Lardin Kudu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda – Heavy Rain and Storms Cause Fatalities |url=http://floodlist.com/africa/rwanda-floods-march-2020 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Simonovic |first=Slobodan P. |last2=Kundzewicz |first2=Zbigniew W. |last3=Wright |first3=Nigel |year=2021 |title=Floods and the COVID-19 pandemic—A new double hazard problem |journal=WIREs Water |volume=8 |issue=2 |doi=10.1002/wat2.1509 |pmc=7995187 |pmid=33786171}}</ref> A watan Afrilu, mutane 6 sun mutu bayan ruwan sama mai ƙarfi ya haifar da zaftarewar ƙasa a gundumar Gicumbi da ke Lardin Arewa. Yankunan da abin ya fi shafa sune Sashen Nyankenke da Kageyo. Dukiyoyi, kayayyakin more rayuwa da dabbobi duk sun lalace ko sun lalace. Hukumomi sun yi kira ga mazauna yankunan da ke da haɗari da su ƙaura zuwa wurare masu aminci. Ruwan sama mai ƙarfi ya kuma shafi sassan lardin Gabashin a ranakun 19 da 20 ga Afrilu inda kafofin watsa labarai suka ce aƙalla mutane 3 sun mutu a ambaliyar ruwa daban-daban a gundumar Gatsibo. Ambaliyar ruwa ta kuma haifar da lalacewar amfanin gona a gundumar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda and Burundi – 9 Dead, Thousands Affected After Floods and Landslides |url=http://floodlist.com/africa/rwanda-burundi-floods-april-2020 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref> Ruwan sama mai ƙarfi a faɗin ƙasar daga ranar 1 zuwa 3 ga Mayu ya yi sanadiyyar asarar rayuka masu yawa da kuma asarar rayuka 8. Mutane 70 sun mutu sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa da zaftarewar ƙasa bayan ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Tashar yanayi ta Byimana da ke gundumar Ruhango ta sami rahoton mutane 140&nbsp;Ruwan sama mai yawa cikin awanni 24 a ranar 7 ga Mayu. Ruwan sama da ambaliyar ruwa sun lalata gidaje 91, gadoji 5, sannan suka share amfanin gona. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda – Torrential Rain and Floods Leave Over 60 Dead |url=http://floodlist.com/africa/rwanda-floods-07-may-2020 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref> === Kenya === [[Fayil:Waters_of_River_Nzoia.jpg|thumb|Kogin Nzoia, Yuli 2016]] Mutane 237 ne suka mutu sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa a Kenya a watan Afrilu da Mayu, yayin da sama da mutane 100,000 suka rasa matsugunansu. Ambaliyar ruwa ta shafi gundumomi 29 daga cikin 47 na ƙasar. Yankunan ƙasa da yawa suna ƙarƙashin ruwa a gundumomi Busia da Siaya, yammacin Kenya, bayan da kogin Nzoia ya cika. Sama da 'yan Kenya 800,000 a cikin gidaje 161,000 sun fuskanci mummunan illa sakamakon ruwan sama mai ƙarfi da ake ci gaba da yi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenya – Flood Death Toll Rises, 100,000 Displaced |url=http://floodlist.com/africa/kenya-flood-update-07-may-2020 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-05-13 |title=Kenya – Floods Hit North and Central Regions as Death Toll Rises to 237 |url=http://floodlist.com/africa/kenya-floods-north-central-regions-may-2020 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref> pn88az26p1zkoqyy0ycezgfmldgjnf4 843002 843001 2026-05-30T05:32:44Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843002 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ambaliyar ruwa ta Gabashin Afirka ta 2020''' ta faru ne a [[Ruwanda]], [[Kenya]], [[Somaliya]], [[Burundi]], [[Itofiya|Habasha]], [[Uganda]], [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo]], [[Jibuti (ƙasa)|Djibouti]] da [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]], lamarin da ya shafi akalla mutane 700,000. Ya fara ne lokacin da ruwan sama mai yawa ya fara sauka a watan Maris, wanda ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa da zaftarewar ƙasa. Sun yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane sama da 430, musamman a Kenya da Rwanda. A lokacin kaka, [[Ambaliyar Sahel ta Afirka ta 2020|wani ambaliyar ruwa]] ta sake afkuwa a yankin Sahel na Afirka. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kassegn |first=Andualem |last2=Endris |first2=Ebrahim |year=2021 |title=Review on socio-economic impacts of 'Triple Threats' of COVID-19, desert locusts, and floods in East Africa: Evidence from Ethiopia |journal=Cogent Social Sciences |volume=7 |doi=10.1080/23311886.2021.1885122 |s2cid=233923728 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wainwright |first=Caroline M. |last2=Finney |first2=Declan L. |last3=Kilavi |first3=Mary |last4=Black |first4=Emily |last5=Marsham |first5=John H. |year=2021 |title=Extreme rainfall in East Africa, October 2019–January 2020 and context under future climate change |url=https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/wea.3824 |journal=Weather |volume=76 |issue=1 |pages=26–31 |bibcode=2021Wthr...76...26W |doi=10.1002/wea.3824 |s2cid=225359280 |doi-access=free}}</ref> [[Ambaliya|Ambaliyar ruwa]] ita ce nau'in bala'o'in halitta da suka fi yawa kuma tana faruwa ne lokacin da ruwa ya mamaye ƙasa wanda yawanci yake bushewa. Ambaliyar ruwa galibi tana faruwa ne sakamakon ruwan sama mai ƙarfi, narkewar dusar ƙanƙara cikin sauri ko kuma guguwar guguwa sakamakon guguwar zafi ko tsunami a yankunan bakin teku. Ambaliyar ruwa mai muni ta haifar da asarar rayuka miliyoyin mutane a ƙarni na ashirin, asarar tattalin arziki ta dubban biliyoyin daloli a kowace shekara, da kuma babban cikas ga cinikin duniya. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Merz |first=Bruno |last2=Blöschl |first2=Günter |last3=Vorogushyn |first3=Sergiy |last4=Dottori |first4=Francesco |last5=Aerts |first5=Jeroen C. J. H. |last6=Bates |first6=Paul |last7=Bertola |first7=Miriam |last8=Kemter |first8=Matthias |last9=Kreibich |first9=Heidi |last10=Lall |first10=Upmanu |last11=MacDonald |first11=Elena |year=2021 |title=Causes, impacts and patterns of disastrous river floods |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-021-00195-3 |journal=Nature Reviews Earth & Environment |volume=2 |issue=9 |pages=592–609 |doi=10.1038/s43017-021-00195-3 |s2cid=236972361 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Tasirin ƙasa == === Rwanda === [[Fayil:A_bicycle_rider_carrying_a_passenger_with_crosses_hustles_his_way_through_a_flooded_road_in_Kigali_on_28_January_2020._Emmanuel_Kwizera.jpg|thumb|'''Wani mai keke dauke da fasinja dauke da giciye yana tafiya cikin titin da ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye a Kigali a ranar 28 ga Janairu, 2020. Emmanuel Kwizera''']] Ruwan sama mai ƙarfi, haske da kuma tsawa sun shafi ƙasar tsakanin 2 zuwa 4 ga Maris, inda suka yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane 5, tare da rahoton ambaliyar ruwa a lardunan Kigali da Kudanci. Mutane biyu sun mutu sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa a gundumar Ruhango, Lardin Kudu da kuma mutum ɗaya a Gundumar Gasabo, Birnin Kigali. Mutum ɗaya kuma ya mutu sakamakon walƙiya a gundumar Rulindo, Lardin Arewa da kuma wani a Gundumar Nyanza, Lardin Kudu. Jimillar mutane 13 sun ji rauni kuma gidaje 42 sun lalace. Hanyoyi da gadoji suma sun lalace ko sun lalace. A ranar 7 ga Maris, mutane 5 sun mutu bayan ruwan sama mai ƙarfi ya sa kogi ya cika ya kuma mamaye wani kogo a gundumar Nyamagabe a Lardin Kudu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda – Heavy Rain and Storms Cause Fatalities |url=http://floodlist.com/africa/rwanda-floods-march-2020 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Simonovic |first=Slobodan P. |last2=Kundzewicz |first2=Zbigniew W. |last3=Wright |first3=Nigel |year=2021 |title=Floods and the COVID-19 pandemic—A new double hazard problem |journal=WIREs Water |volume=8 |issue=2 |doi=10.1002/wat2.1509 |pmc=7995187 |pmid=33786171}}</ref> A watan Afrilu, mutane 6 sun mutu bayan ruwan sama mai ƙarfi ya haifar da zaftarewar ƙasa a gundumar Gicumbi da ke Lardin Arewa. Yankunan da abin ya fi shafa sune Sashen Nyankenke da Kageyo. Dukiyoyi, kayayyakin more rayuwa da dabbobi duk sun lalace ko sun lalace. Hukumomi sun yi kira ga mazauna yankunan da ke da haɗari da su ƙaura zuwa wurare masu aminci. Ruwan sama mai ƙarfi ya kuma shafi sassan lardin Gabashin a ranakun 19 da 20 ga Afrilu inda kafofin watsa labarai suka ce aƙalla mutane 3 sun mutu a ambaliyar ruwa daban-daban a gundumar Gatsibo. Ambaliyar ruwa ta kuma haifar da lalacewar amfanin gona a gundumar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda and Burundi – 9 Dead, Thousands Affected After Floods and Landslides |url=http://floodlist.com/africa/rwanda-burundi-floods-april-2020 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref> Ruwan sama mai ƙarfi a faɗin ƙasar daga ranar 1 zuwa 3 ga Mayu ya yi sanadiyyar asarar rayuka masu yawa da kuma asarar rayuka 8. Mutane 70 sun mutu sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa da zaftarewar ƙasa bayan ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Tashar yanayi ta Byimana da ke gundumar Ruhango ta sami rahoton mutane 140&nbsp;Ruwan sama mai yawa cikin awanni 24 a ranar 7 ga Mayu. Ruwan sama da ambaliyar ruwa sun lalata gidaje 91, gadoji 5, sannan suka share amfanin gona. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda – Torrential Rain and Floods Leave Over 60 Dead |url=http://floodlist.com/africa/rwanda-floods-07-may-2020 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref> === Kenya === [[Fayil:Waters_of_River_Nzoia.jpg|thumb|Kogin Nzoia, Yuli 2016]] Mutane 237 ne suka mutu sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa a Kenya a watan Afrilu da Mayu, yayin da sama da mutane 100,000 suka rasa matsugunansu. Ambaliyar ruwa ta shafi gundumomi 29 daga cikin 47 na ƙasar. Yankunan ƙasa da yawa suna ƙarƙashin ruwa a gundumomi Busia da Siaya, yammacin Kenya, bayan da kogin Nzoia ya cika. Sama da 'yan Kenya 800,000 a cikin gidaje 161,000 sun fuskanci mummunan illa sakamakon ruwan sama mai ƙarfi da ake ci gaba da yi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenya – Flood Death Toll Rises, 100,000 Displaced |url=http://floodlist.com/africa/kenya-flood-update-07-may-2020 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-05-13 |title=Kenya – Floods Hit North and Central Regions as Death Toll Rises to 237 |url=http://floodlist.com/africa/kenya-floods-north-central-regions-may-2020 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref> ==manqzarta== elu2vf31i8s6mm39ozhdgbxhtky6j36 0 153293 843004 2026-05-30T05:33:45Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1137381219|Rwanda at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships]]" 843004 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[Ruwanda|Rwanda]]''' ta fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta ruwa ta 2015 da za a yi a Kazan, [[Rasha]] daga 24 ga Yuli zuwa 9 ga Agusta 2015. == iyo == Masu ninkaya na Rwanda sun cimma ka'idojin cancanta a cikin waɗannan abubuwan (har zuwa matsakaicin masu ninkaya 2 a kowane gasa a lokacin shiga A-standard, da kuma 1 a B-standard): == Manazarta == origga19hjpyy5kyi1qq83awm5uub21 843005 843004 2026-05-30T05:34:01Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''[[Ruwanda|Rwanda]]''' ta fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta ruwa ta 2015 da za a yi a Kazan, [[Rasha]] daga 24 ga Yuli zuwa 9 ga Agusta 2015. == iyo == Masu ninkaya na Rwanda sun cimma ka'idojin cancanta a cikin waɗannan abubuwan (har zuwa matsakaicin masu ninkaya 2 a kowane gasa a lokacin shiga A-standard, da kuma 1 a B-standard): == Manazarta == rpvn642xpn8nlwd9q1b2heqzydh8vux 0 153294 843006 2026-05-30T05:34:46Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1275595095|Rwanda at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships]]" 843006 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[Ruwanda|Rwanda]]''' ta fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta ruwa ta 2013 a [[Barcelona]], [[Ispaniya|Spain]] tsakanin 19 ga Yuli zuwa 4 ga Agusta, 2013. == iyo == Masu ninkaya na Rwanda sun cimma matsayin cancanta a cikin waɗannan abubuwan (har zuwa matsakaicin masu ninkaya 2 a kowane gasa a lokacin shiga A-standard, da kuma 1 a B-standard): 0qgembvmemvtu049xo69o9jqocalt2o 843008 843006 2026-05-30T05:35:07Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843008 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''[[Ruwanda|Rwanda]]''' ta fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta ruwa ta 2013 a [[Barcelona]], [[Ispaniya|Spain]] tsakanin 19 ga Yuli zuwa 4 ga Agusta, 2013. == iyo == Masu ninkaya na Rwanda sun cimma matsayin cancanta a cikin waɗannan abubuwan (har zuwa matsakaicin masu ninkaya 2 a kowane gasa a lokacin shiga A-standard, da kuma 1 a B-standard): ==manqzarta== hk06hmosb6d5schx2a8pb2r5iscnoxe 0 153295 843009 2026-05-30T05:36:21Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1137381202|Rwanda at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships]]" 843009 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[Ruwanda|Rwanda]]''' ta fafata a gasar cin kofin ruwa ta duniya ta 2011 a [[Shanghai]], [[Sin|China]] tsakanin ranakun 16 da 31 ga Yuli, 2011. == Yin iyo a cikin ruwa a buɗe == {| class="wikitable" border="1" style="font-size:90%" ! rowspan="2" |Ɗan wasa ! rowspan="2" | Taron ! colspan="2" | Ƙarshe |- ! Lokaci ! Matsayi |- | rowspan="1" | Jackson Niyomugabo | Maza 5km | colspan="2" align="center" | OTL |- | rowspan="1" | [[Patrick Rukundo]] | Maza 5km | colspan="2" align="center" | OTL |} == iyo == Masu ninkaya 4 da suka cancanta a Rwanda. ; Maza {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! rowspan="2" |Ɗan wasa ! rowspan="2" | Taron ! colspan="2" | Zafi ! colspan="2" | Wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ! colspan="2" | Ƙarshe |- ! Lokaci ! Matsayi ! Lokaci ! Matsayi ! Lokaci ! Matsayi |- | rowspan="1" | Jackson Niyomugabo | 'Yan tseren mita 50 na maza Freestyle | align="center" | 27.73 | align="center" | 91 | colspan="4" align="center" | bai ci gaba ba |- | rowspan="1" | [[Patrick Rukundo]] | 'Yan tseren mita 50 na maza Freestyle | align="center" | 28.08 | align="center" | 93 | colspan="4" align="center" | bai ci gaba ba |} ; Mata {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! rowspan="2" |Ɗan wasa ! rowspan="2" | Taron ! colspan="2" | Zafi ! colspan="2" | Wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ! colspan="2" | Ƙarshe |- ! Lokaci ! Matsayi ! Lokaci ! Matsayi ! Lokaci ! Matsayi |- | rowspan="1" | Alphonsine Agahozo | Motar 'Freestyle' ta mata ta mita 50 | align="center" | 31.41 | align="center" | 68 | colspan="4" align="center" | bai ci gaba ba |- | rowspan="1" | Johanna Umurungi | Malam Bulaliya ta Mata ta mita 50 | align="center" | 32.68 | align="center" | 45 | colspan="4" align="center" | bai ci gaba ba |} == Manazarta == j1ww423fe96s7b7cokm3ej8tfab498m 843011 843009 2026-05-30T05:36:53Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843011 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''[[Ruwanda|Rwanda]]''' ta fafata a gasar cin kofin ruwa ta duniya ta 2011 a [[Shanghai]], [[Sin|China]] tsakanin ranakun 16 da 31 ga Yuli, 2011. == Yin iyo a cikin ruwa a buɗe == {| class="wikitable" border="1" style="font-size:90%" ! rowspan="2" |Ɗan wasa ! rowspan="2" | Taron ! colspan="2" | Ƙarshe |- ! Lokaci ! Matsayi |- | rowspan="1" | Jackson Niyomugabo | Maza 5km | colspan="2" align="center" | OTL |- | rowspan="1" | [[Patrick Rukundo]] | Maza 5km | colspan="2" align="center" | OTL |} == iyo == Masu ninkaya 4 da suka cancanta a Rwanda. ; Maza {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! rowspan="2" |Ɗan wasa ! rowspan="2" | Taron ! colspan="2" | Zafi ! colspan="2" | Wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ! colspan="2" | Ƙarshe |- ! Lokaci ! Matsayi ! Lokaci ! Matsayi ! Lokaci ! Matsayi |- | rowspan="1" | Jackson Niyomugabo | 'Yan tseren mita 50 na maza Freestyle | align="center" | 27.73 | align="center" | 91 | colspan="4" align="center" | bai ci gaba ba |- | rowspan="1" | [[Patrick Rukundo]] | 'Yan tseren mita 50 na maza Freestyle | align="center" | 28.08 | align="center" | 93 | colspan="4" align="center" | bai ci gaba ba |} ; Mata {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! rowspan="2" |Ɗan wasa ! rowspan="2" | Taron ! colspan="2" | Zafi ! colspan="2" | Wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ! colspan="2" | Ƙarshe |- ! Lokaci ! Matsayi ! Lokaci ! Matsayi ! Lokaci ! Matsayi |- | rowspan="1" | Alphonsine Agahozo | Motar 'Freestyle' ta mata ta mita 50 | align="center" | 31.41 | align="center" | 68 | colspan="4" align="center" | bai ci gaba ba |- | rowspan="1" | Johanna Umurungi | Malam Bulaliya ta Mata ta mita 50 | align="center" | 32.68 | align="center" | 45 | colspan="4" align="center" | bai ci gaba ba |} == Manazarta == h5lmpofunghhex3zavgcci1d0ozzvoy 0 153296 843013 2026-05-30T05:37:55Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339112452|César Rwagasana]]" 843013 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''César Rwagasana''' ɗan wasan ninkaya ne [[Ruwanda|na ƙasar Rwanda]] . Shi ne mutum na farko da ya wakilci Rwanda a gasar Paralympics lokacin da shi kaɗai ne wakilin ƙasar a gasar Paralympics ta bazara ta 2000 da aka yi a [[Sydney]] . Ya yi horo a [[Tafkin Tanganyika]] . Ya fafata a tseren mita 50 (nau'in S10), kuma ya yi iyo tsawon tafkin a cikin mintuna 42.39, inda ya kare a ƙarshe, daƙiƙa 13.7 a bayan ɗan wasan ninkaya na biyu mafi jinkirin gudu. Shi ne kawai shiga [[Wasannin Paralympic|gasar Paralympics]] . Duk da cewa Kyodo News International ta ba da rahoton cewa ya rasa ƙafarsa ta hagu a lokacin [[Kisan ƙare dangi na Rwandan|kisan kare dangi na Rwanda]], a zahiri yana rasa ƙafarsa ta dama, kuma Rwagasana ya shaida wa ''jaridar Daily Telegraph'' cewa an haife shi ba tare da ita ba. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 355sp0dd9pk0fj57rfm4txn8pyifycl 843014 843013 2026-05-30T05:38:12Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843014 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''César Rwagasana''' ɗan wasan ninkaya ne [[Ruwanda|na ƙasar Rwanda]] . Shi ne mutum na farko da ya wakilci Rwanda a gasar Paralympics lokacin da shi kaɗai ne wakilin ƙasar a gasar Paralympics ta bazara ta 2000 da aka yi a [[Sydney]] . Ya yi horo a [[Tafkin Tanganyika]] . Ya fafata a tseren mita 50 (nau'in S10), kuma ya yi iyo tsawon tafkin a cikin mintuna 42.39, inda ya kare a ƙarshe, daƙiƙa 13.7 a bayan ɗan wasan ninkaya na biyu mafi jinkirin gudu. Shi ne kawai shiga [[Wasannin Paralympic|gasar Paralympics]] . Duk da cewa Kyodo News International ta ba da rahoton cewa ya rasa ƙafarsa ta hagu a lokacin [[Kisan ƙare dangi na Rwandan|kisan kare dangi na Rwanda]], a zahiri yana rasa ƙafarsa ta dama, kuma Rwagasana ya shaida wa ''jaridar Daily Telegraph'' cewa an haife shi ba tare da ita ba. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] pudekqkic6g1lka3egh83z4eunp4nsx 0 153297 843015 2026-05-30T05:39:16Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1293367920|Leonce Sekama]]" 843015 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Leonce Sekama''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1980) tsohon ɗan wasan ninkaya ne na ƙasar Rwanda, wanda ya ƙware a wasannin tsere na freestyle. <ref>{{Cite sports-reference|title=Leonce Sekama}}</ref> Sekama ya cancanci shiga tseren mita 50 na maza a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2004 a [[Athens]], ta hanyar samun matsayi na Universality daga FINA a lokacin shiga na 30.57. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Swimming – Men's 50m Freestyle Startlist (Heat 2) |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010406003E000000FFFFFFFFFFFF00 |access-date=24 March 2013 |website=[[2004 Summer Olympics|Athens 2004]] |publisher=Omega Timing |format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> Ya ƙalubalanci wasu 'yan ninkaya bakwai a cikin yanayi na biyu, ciki har da Malique Williams mai shekaru 15 daga Antigua da Barbuda. Ya gyara shingen dakika 30 kuma ya sami mafi kyawun maki na tsawon rayuwa na 28.99 don samun matsayi na huɗu da tazara ta dakika 2.24 a bayan wanda ya yi nasara Anderson Bonabart na Micronesia. Sekama ya kasa shiga zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe, yayin da ya sanya na saba'in da takwas gaba ɗaya daga cikin 'yan ninkaya 86 a wasannin share fage. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 August 2004 |title=Men's 50m Freestyle Heat 2 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/olympics_2004/swimming/results/3535048.stm |access-date=31 January 2013 |website=[[2004 Summer Olympics|Athens 2004]] |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> == Manqzarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]] et1inoolpcrx1svs5uukqq0wovk0syj 843016 843015 2026-05-30T05:39:32Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Leonce Sekama''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1980) tsohon ɗan wasan ninkaya ne na ƙasar Rwanda, wanda ya ƙware a wasannin tsere na freestyle. <ref>{{Cite sports-reference|title=Leonce Sekama}}</ref> Sekama ya cancanci shiga tseren mita 50 na maza a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2004 a [[Athens]], ta hanyar samun matsayi na Universality daga FINA a lokacin shiga na 30.57. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Swimming – Men's 50m Freestyle Startlist (Heat 2) |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010406003E000000FFFFFFFFFFFF00 |access-date=24 March 2013 |website=[[2004 Summer Olympics|Athens 2004]] |publisher=Omega Timing |format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> Ya ƙalubalanci wasu 'yan ninkaya bakwai a cikin yanayi na biyu, ciki har da Malique Williams mai shekaru 15 daga Antigua da Barbuda. Ya gyara shingen dakika 30 kuma ya sami mafi kyawun maki na tsawon rayuwa na 28.99 don samun matsayi na huɗu da tazara ta dakika 2.24 a bayan wanda ya yi nasara Anderson Bonabart na Micronesia. Sekama ya kasa shiga zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe, yayin da ya sanya na saba'in da takwas gaba ɗaya daga cikin 'yan ninkaya 86 a wasannin share fage. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 August 2004 |title=Men's 50m Freestyle Heat 2 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/olympics_2004/swimming/results/3535048.stm |access-date=31 January 2013 |website=[[2004 Summer Olympics|Athens 2004]] |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> == Manqzarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]] a8rvbgxylorn3eb3i3yvw9ilq4ww29q 0 153298 843018 2026-05-30T05:40:31Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1337098474|Alphonsine Agahozo]]" 843018 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alphonsine Agahozo''' (an haife shi 18 ga Oktoba 1997 a Nyarugenge, [[Kigali]] ) ɗan wasan ninkaya ne ɗan [[Ruwanda|ƙasar Rwanda]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Swimming – AGAHOZO Alphonsine |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429073-agahozo-alphonsine.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726051011/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429073-agahozo-alphonsine.htm |archive-date=26 July 2021 |access-date=2021-08-15 |website=Tokyo 2020 Olympics |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |language=en-us}}</ref> Ta fafata a gasar tseren salo ta mata na mita 50 a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 a London. <ref name="sref">{{Cite web |title=Alphonsine Agahozo |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ag/alphonsine-agahozo-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418010648/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ag/alphonsine-agahozo-1.html |archive-date=18 April 2020 |access-date=4 August 2012 |publisher=Sports Reference LLC}}</ref> Agahozo ya kare a matsayi na 58 kuma bai tsallake zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe ba. Ta fafata a gasar tseren mita 50 ta mata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2020. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Swimming – AGAHOZO Alphonsine |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429073-agahozo-alphonsine.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726051011/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429073-agahozo-alphonsine.htm |archive-date=26 July 2021 |access-date=2021-08-15 |website=Tokyo 2020 Olympics |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |language=en-us}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] 2m7vn3midksyv6sqtf9jtjct4fecome 843019 843018 2026-05-30T05:40:50Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alphonsine Agahozo''' (an haife shi 18 ga Oktoba 1997 a Nyarugenge, [[Kigali]] ) ɗan wasan ninkaya ne ɗan [[Ruwanda|ƙasar Rwanda]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Swimming – AGAHOZO Alphonsine |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429073-agahozo-alphonsine.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726051011/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429073-agahozo-alphonsine.htm |archive-date=26 July 2021 |access-date=2021-08-15 |website=Tokyo 2020 Olympics |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |language=en-us}}</ref> Ta fafata a gasar tseren salo ta mata na mita 50 a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 a London. <ref name="sref">{{Cite web |title=Alphonsine Agahozo |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ag/alphonsine-agahozo-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418010648/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ag/alphonsine-agahozo-1.html |archive-date=18 April 2020 |access-date=4 August 2012 |publisher=Sports Reference LLC}}</ref> Agahozo ya kare a matsayi na 58 kuma bai tsallake zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe ba. Ta fafata a gasar tseren mita 50 ta mata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2020. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Swimming – AGAHOZO Alphonsine |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429073-agahozo-alphonsine.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726051011/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429073-agahozo-alphonsine.htm |archive-date=26 July 2021 |access-date=2021-08-15 |website=Tokyo 2020 Olympics |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |language=en-us}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] cj3c1rgqk0mct21rkqwta710f5m3s5d 0 153299 843020 2026-05-30T05:41:05Z Saad Nuhu 43323 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356789634|Michael Atata]]" 843020 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox football biography|name=Michael Atata|image=|fullname=Michael Atata|birth_date=|birth_place=Najeriya|height=|position=Mai tsaron gida|currentclub=Ikorodu City|clubnumber=|years1=2025–|clubs1=Ikorodu City|caps1=31|goals1=0|nationalyears1=2026–|nationalteam1=Najeriya|nationalcaps1=0|nationalgoals1=0|club-update=2026|nationalteam-update=2026}}'''Michael Atata''' ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Ikorodu City FC a gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya (NPFL) kuma ya sami kira na farko ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon kafa ta ƙasar Najeriya a 2026. == Ayyukan kulob din == Atata tana taka leda a Ikorodu City a gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya . A lokacin kakar 2025-26, ya rubuta takardu 16 masu tsabta, mafi girma a cikin NPFL wanda ya hada da shida a cikin wasanni goma na farko na Ikorodu FC. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2026, Atata ya karbi kiransa na farko zuwa kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya ta hanyar kocin [[Éric Chelle|Eric Chelle]] don gasar cin kofin Unity ta 2026 a [[Landan]]. Ya kasance daya daga cikin 'yan wasa tara na gida da aka zaba don gasar kuma ya shiga tawagar tare da masu tsaron gida Arthur Okonkwo da [[Francis Uzoho]] . == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] a9bh5v9yj5l4gx3aesk5rfkht9fqkqz 843067 843020 2026-05-30T06:18:31Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Blanked the page 843067 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 843112 843067 2026-05-30T06:33:34Z Saad Nuhu 43323 843112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Nigeria Professional Footballer}} {{Infobox football biography | name = Michael Atata | fullname = Michael Atata | position = Goalkeeper | currentclub = Ikorodu City | clubnumber = 34 <ref>{{cite web | title=Micheal Atata (Ikorodu City) stats | website=Flashscore.com.ng | url=https://www.flashscore.com.ng/player/atata-micheal/WSfbbZfC/ | access-date=2026-05-29}}</ref> | years1 = 2025– | clubs1 = Ikorodu City | caps1 = 32 | goals1 = 0 | nationalyears1 = 2026– | nationalteam1 = Nigeria | nationalcaps1 = 1 | nationalgoals1 = 0 | pcupdate = 29 May 2026 | ntupdate = 29 May 2026 }} '''Michael Atata''' ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida. Ya shahara ne bayan fitowarsa da bajintarsa a ƙungiyar [[Ikorodu City FC]] a gasar [[Nigeria Premier Football League]] (NPFL), inda ya zama ɗaya daga cikin matasan masu tsaron gida mafi fice a ƙasar. Ayyukansa na hana kwallaye shiga raga da kuma yawan ''clean sheets'' da ya samu sun jawo hankalin masu bibiyar ƙwallon ƙafa da masu horar da tawagar ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.sports247.ng/ikorodu-city-unearth-new-goalkeeping-discovery-michael-atata-as-npfl-contenders-rise/ |title=Ikorodu City Unearth New Goalkeeping Discovery Michael Atata As NPFL Contenders Rise |publisher=Sports247 Nigeria |date=8 November 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == Bayanan rayuwar farko ta Michael Atata ba su fito fili sosai ba a kafafen yaɗa labarai. Sai dai rahotanni sun nuna cewa ya taso ne a Najeriya kuma ya fara nuna ƙwarewa a matsayin mai tsaron gida tun yana matashi kafin ya samu damar shiga ƙungiyar Ikorodu City FC.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.sports247.ng/ikorodu-city-unearth-new-goalkeeping-discovery-michael-atata-as-npfl-contenders-rise/ |title=Ikorodu City Unearth New Goalkeeping Discovery Michael Atata As NPFL Contenders Rise |publisher=Sports247 Nigeria |date=8 November 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Aikin ƙungiya == Atata ya fara jan hankali sosai a kakar wasa ta 2025–26 tare da Ikorodu City FC a NPFL. Ya kasance muhimmin ginshiƙi a gaban ragar ƙungiyar, inda ya nuna kwazo wajen dakile hare-haren abokan wasa. A cikin wasanninsa na farko na kakar, ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar wajen samun sakamako masu kyau ta hanyar kiyaye raga ba tare da an zura mata ƙwallo ba a lokuta da dama.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.sports247.ng/ikorodu-city-unearth-new-goalkeeping-discovery-michael-atata-as-npfl-contenders-rise/ |title=Ikorodu City Unearth New Goalkeeping Discovery Michael Atata As NPFL Contenders Rise |publisher=Sports247 Nigeria |date=8 November 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A watan Nuwamban 2025, Atata ya kafa tarihin samun wasanni bakwai da jere ba tare da an zura masa ƙwallo ba, lamarin da ya sa aka fara yi masa laƙabi da '''"The Wall"''' (Katanga). Wannan bajinta ta taimaka wa Ikorodu City FC wajen fafatawa a saman teburin gasar NPFL.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.pulsesports.ug/story/unbreakable-wall-atata-stands-tall-again-as-clean-sheet-record-lifts-citys-oga-boys-past-khalifat-2025110219181805808 |title=Unbreakable Wall! Atata stands tall again as clean sheet record lifts City's Oga Boys past Khalifat |publisher=Pulse Sports |date=2 November 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2025–26, Atata ya ci gaba da nuna ƙwarewa inda ya samu ''clean sheets'' guda 16, mafi yawa a NPFL a lokacin. Wannan ya sanya masana da masu sharhi suka fara kallonsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin masu tsaron gida masu tasowa a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/story/unity-cup-chelle-keeps-snubbing-them-but-these-7-npfl-stars-are-impossible-to-ignore-2026041710421580280 |title=Unity Cup: Chelle keeps snubbing them, but these 7 NPFL stars are impossible to ignore |publisher=Pulse Sports Nigeria |date=17 April 2026 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Aikin tawagar ƙasa == Bajintar Atata a NPFL ta sa mai horar da tawagar ƙasar Najeriya, Eric Chelle, ya gayyace shi cikin tawagar '''Super Eagles''' domin shiga gasar sada zumunta ta Unity Cup a shekarar 2026. Wannan ne karo na farko da aka kira shi zuwa babbar tawagar ƙasa. An haɗa shi da sauran masu tsaron gida kamar Arthur Okonkwo da Francis Uzoho domin fafatawar da za a yi a Landan.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://owngoalnigeria.com/2026/05/17/chelle-draft-young-goalkeeper-into-super-eagles-squad-for-unity-cup/ |title=Chelle Draft Young Goalkeeper Into Super Eagles Squad For Unity Cup |publisher=OwnGoal Nigeria |date=17 May 2026 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Kafin fara gasar Unity Cup, gogaggen mai tsaron gida Francis Uzoho ya bayyana cewa yana taimaka wa Atata da Arthur Okonkwo wajen fahimtar matsin lambar da ke tattare da wakiltar Najeriya a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. Wannan ya nuna irin matsayin da Atata ya fara samu a cikin tsarin gina sabuwar tawagar Super Eagles.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://punchng.com/uzoho-advises-okonkwo-others-on-eagles-pressure/ |title=Uzoho advises Okonkwo, others on Eagles pressure |publisher=Punch Newspapers |date=26 May 2026 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Salon wasa == An san Michael Atata da saurin mayar da martani, iya tsayawa a kan layin raga, da kuma jagorantar masu tsaron baya. Haka kuma yana da ƙwarewa wajen kama ƙwallaye masu wahala da kuma tsara garkuwar baya yayin wasan. Wadannan siffofi ne suka taimaka masa wajen zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu tsaron gida a NPFL duk da ƙuruciyarsa.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.sports247.ng/ikorodu-city-unearth-new-goalkeeping-discovery-michael-atata-as-npfl-contenders-rise/ |title=Ikorodu City Unearth New Goalkeeping Discovery Michael Atata As NPFL Contenders Rise |publisher=Sports247 Nigeria |date=8 November 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya]] [[Category:Masu tsaron gida]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] knu6wsqvbec51o3m5ej7rcx5xfu22rh 0 153300 843021 2026-05-30T05:41:52Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1289609643|Pamela Girimbabazi]]" 843021 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pamela Girimbabazi Rugabira''', an haife shi 10 Janairu 1985, yar wasan ninkaya ce ta Olympics daga [[Ruwanda]] . Ta yi iyo zuwa [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] a gasar Olympics na 2000, 2004 da 2008 ; kuma ya kasance mai rike da tutar kasar a shekarar 2008. A lokacin, "ba ta taɓa samun darasin ninkaya na yau da kullun ko kocin da ya dace ba". An kore ta daga gasar a lokacin wasannin Sydney saboda dokokin fasaha da ba ta sani ba, kuma daga baya ta koya wa kanta dokoki ta hanyar duba Intanet. Daga baya, ta kuma koya wa kanta daga wani littafi game da ninkaya mallakar abokin wasan ninkaya na Rwanda Jackson Niyomugabo . Ta yi horo a wani wurin waha na otal mai tsawon mita 25. Gwaninta na musamman a tseren mita 50 kafin gasar Olympics [[Beijing|ta Beijing]] shine daƙiƙa 35. Ta kasa samun ci gaba a wannan lokacin a [[Beijing]], inda ta kare a matsayi na uku cikin huɗu a lokacin zafi, kuma ta zo ta 88 gaba ɗaya, da lokacin 39:78. An bayyana Girimbabazi a matsayin "ƙaramin shahararre" kuma "alama ce ta tsantsar ruhin wasanni, ɗan wasa wanda ke fafatawa don son wasan, ba don farin cikin nasara ko shahara da wadata da za su iya biyo baya ba". == Lokaci a Gasar Olympics == * Sydney 2000, bugun kirjin mita 100 - DSQ * Athens 2004, bugun ƙirji mita 100 - 1:50.39 (na 48) * Beijing 2008, tseren mita 50 - 39:78 (na 88) == Mnaazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] lfk0rgmi704d12t2i0uurc935y60fw6 843022 843021 2026-05-30T05:42:14Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pamela Girimbabazi Rugabira''', an haife shi 10 Janairu 1985, yar wasan ninkaya ce ta Olympics daga [[Ruwanda]] . Ta yi iyo zuwa [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] a gasar Olympics na 2000, 2004 da 2008 ; kuma ya kasance mai rike da tutar kasar a shekarar 2008. A lokacin, "ba ta taɓa samun darasin ninkaya na yau da kullun ko kocin da ya dace ba". An kore ta daga gasar a lokacin wasannin Sydney saboda dokokin fasaha da ba ta sani ba, kuma daga baya ta koya wa kanta dokoki ta hanyar duba Intanet. Daga baya, ta kuma koya wa kanta daga wani littafi game da ninkaya mallakar abokin wasan ninkaya na Rwanda Jackson Niyomugabo . Ta yi horo a wani wurin waha na otal mai tsawon mita 25. Gwaninta na musamman a tseren mita 50 kafin gasar Olympics [[Beijing|ta Beijing]] shine daƙiƙa 35. Ta kasa samun ci gaba a wannan lokacin a [[Beijing]], inda ta kare a matsayi na uku cikin huɗu a lokacin zafi, kuma ta zo ta 88 gaba ɗaya, da lokacin 39:78. An bayyana Girimbabazi a matsayin "ƙaramin shahararre" kuma "alama ce ta tsantsar ruhin wasanni, ɗan wasa wanda ke fafatawa don son wasan, ba don farin cikin nasara ko shahara da wadata da za su iya biyo baya ba". == Lokaci a Gasar Olympics == * Sydney 2000, bugun kirjin mita 100 - DSQ * Athens 2004, bugun ƙirji mita 100 - 1:50.39 (na 48) * Beijing 2008, tseren mita 50 - 39:78 (na 88) == Mnaazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] a194fqwmy6bfh1jsoc1wzslleq1v9tq 0 153301 843024 2026-05-30T05:43:19Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346350385|Lidwine Umuhoza Uwase]]" 843024 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lidwine Umuhoza Uwase''' (an haife ta a ranar 13 ga Yuni 1999) ƙwararriyar mai ninkaya ce [[Ruwanda|a ƙasar Rwanda]] . Ta wakilci Rwanda a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2024, inda ta samu maki na 70 da maki 32.03 a tseren mita 50 na mata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Olympic Games |url=https://swimcloud.com/results/2424 |access-date=2026-03-31 |website=Swimcloud |language=en}}</ref> Ta sami rikodin ƙasa guda biyu a tseren mita 100 na mata da kuma bugun breaststroke na mata na mita 50 a lokacin Gasar Iyo ta Afirka ta 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lidwine UMUHOZA UWASE {{!}} Results {{!}} World Aquatics Official |url=https://www.worldaquatics.com/athletes/1056967/www.worldaquatics.com/athletes/1056967/lidwine-umuhoza-uwase |access-date=2026-03-31 |website=World Aquatics |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] flxoyfq58d43rnl7ihil91pb7fcjiyr 843026 843024 2026-05-30T05:43:43Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lidwine Umuhoza Uwase''' (an haife ta a ranar 13 ga Yuni 1999) ƙwararriyar mai ninkaya ce [[Ruwanda|a ƙasar Rwanda]] . Ta wakilci Rwanda a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2024, inda ta samu maki na 70 da maki 32.03 a tseren mita 50 na mata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Olympic Games |url=https://swimcloud.com/results/2424 |access-date=2026-03-31 |website=Swimcloud |language=en}}</ref> Ta sami rikodin ƙasa guda biyu a tseren mita 100 na mata da kuma bugun breaststroke na mata na mita 50 a lokacin Gasar Iyo ta Afirka ta 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lidwine UMUHOZA UWASE {{!}} Results {{!}} World Aquatics Official |url=https://www.worldaquatics.com/athletes/1056967/www.worldaquatics.com/athletes/1056967/lidwine-umuhoza-uwase |access-date=2026-03-31 |website=World Aquatics |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] rxp537x8kftfz3vqhymjthpni68z6c4 0 153302 843027 2026-05-30T05:44:56Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1240934858|Eloi Maniraguha]]" 843027 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eloi Maniraguha''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eloi Maniraguha |url=https://fina-development.com/eloi_maniraguha |access-date=17 December 2022 |website=fina-development.com |publisher=Fina Development Centre Kazan}}</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Janairu 1995), <ref name="Tokyo 2020">{{Cite web |title=Swimming: MANIRAGUHA Eloi |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429091-maniraguha-eloi.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815033218/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429091-maniraguha-eloi.htm |archive-date=15 August 2021 |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=Tokyo 2020 Olympics |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]]}}</ref> <ref name="Birmingham 2022">{{Cite web |title=Birmingham 2022 Results - Athlete Detail: Eloi MANIRAGUHA |url=https://results.birmingham2022.com/#/athlete-details/50312 |access-date=17 December 2022 |website=Birmingham2022.com |publisher=2022 Birmingham Organising Committee for the 2022 Commonwealth Games Limited}}</ref> wanda a da aka fi sani da '''Eloi Imaniraguha''', <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eloi Imaniraguha |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/eloi-imaniraguha |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083635/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/eloi-imaniraguha |archive-date=6 August 2016 |access-date=8 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016 Olympics |publisher=[[Rio Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]]}}</ref> ɗan wasan ninkaya ne na Rwanda a gasar ninkaya ta Olympics . Ya wakilci ƙasarsa a matsayin Eloi Imaniraguha a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 a gasar maza ta mita 50 inda ya kai matsayi na #68 da daƙiƙa 26.43. Bai ci gaba zuwa zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe ba. Ya kuma fafata a matsayin Eloi Maniraguha a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2020 a gasar maza ta mita 50 <ref name="Tokyo 2020" /> da kuma a gasar Commonwealth ta 2022 a gasar maza ta mita 50 da kuma gasar maza ta mita 100. <ref name="Birmingham 2022" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] t8za25g40zewwekhvnxh1ngds8ekc91 843030 843027 2026-05-30T05:45:34Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eloi Maniraguha''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eloi Maniraguha |url=https://fina-development.com/eloi_maniraguha |access-date=17 December 2022 |website=fina-development.com |publisher=Fina Development Centre Kazan}}</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Janairu 1995), <ref name="Tokyo 2020">{{Cite web |title=Swimming: MANIRAGUHA Eloi |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429091-maniraguha-eloi.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815033218/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/swimming/athlete-profile-n1429091-maniraguha-eloi.htm |archive-date=15 August 2021 |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=Tokyo 2020 Olympics |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]]}}</ref> <ref name="Birmingham 2022">{{Cite web |title=Birmingham 2022 Results - Athlete Detail: Eloi MANIRAGUHA |url=https://results.birmingham2022.com/#/athlete-details/50312 |access-date=17 December 2022 |website=Birmingham2022.com |publisher=2022 Birmingham Organising Committee for the 2022 Commonwealth Games Limited}}</ref> wanda a da aka fi sani da '''Eloi Imaniraguha''', <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eloi Imaniraguha |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/eloi-imaniraguha |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083635/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/eloi-imaniraguha |archive-date=6 August 2016 |access-date=8 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016 Olympics |publisher=[[Rio Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]]}}</ref> ɗan wasan ninkaya ne na Rwanda a gasar ninkaya ta Olympics . Ya wakilci ƙasarsa a matsayin Eloi Imaniraguha a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 a gasar maza ta mita 50 inda ya kai matsayi na #68 da daƙiƙa 26.43. Bai ci gaba zuwa zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe ba. Ya kuma fafata a matsayin Eloi Maniraguha a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2020 a gasar maza ta mita 50 <ref name="Tokyo 2020" /> da kuma a gasar Commonwealth ta 2022 a gasar maza ta mita 50 da kuma gasar maza ta mita 100. <ref name="Birmingham 2022" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] 2o2na55minf30cy1av0bzrerl0ylikw 0 153303 843032 2026-05-30T05:47:28Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350662987|Samson Ndayishimiye]]" 843032 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samson Ndayishimiye''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1980) ɗan wasan ninkaya ne mai ritaya na ƙasar Rwanda wanda ya ƙware a wasannin tsere na 'yan wasa. <ref>{{Cite sports-reference|title=Samson Ndayishimiye|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/nd/samson-ndayishimiye-1.html|access-date=14 June 2013}}</ref> Ndayishimiye ya fafata wa [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] a gasar tseren mita 50 ta maza a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2000 a [[Sydney]] . Ya sami tikitin shiga gasar daga FINA, a ƙarƙashin shirin Universality, ba tare da ya haɗu da lokacin shiga ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Swimming – Men's 50m Freestyle Startlist (Heat 1) |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=000100060000000000FFFFFFFFFFFF00 |access-date=23 April 2013 |website=[[2000 Summer Olympics|Sydney 2000]] |publisher=Omega Timing |format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> Ya ƙalubalanci wasu 'yan wasan ninkaya shida a gasar zafi ta ɗaya, ciki har da 'yan shekara 16 Wael Ghassan na Qatar da Hassan Mubah na Maldives. Tare da ɗaya daga cikin masu ninkaya da ya fita daga gasar don rashin fara wasa da gangan, Ndayishimiye ya kammala gasar don ya kasance a matsayi na ƙarshe a cikin lokacin 38.76, mafi jinkirin kowane lokaci a gasar. Ndayishimiye ya kasa shiga zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe, yayin da ya sanya na saba'in da huɗu cikin jimillar masu ninkaya 80 a gasar prelims. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sydney 2000: Swimming – Men's 50m Freestyle Heat 1 |url=http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/2000/Masters/sw/SWresults.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110819181023/http://la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/2000/Masters/sw/SWresults.pdf |archive-date=19 August 2011 |access-date=28 April 2013 |website=[[2000 Summer Olympics|Sydney 2000]] |publisher=[[LA84 Foundation]] |page=103}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Results from the Summer Olympics – Swimming (Men's 50m Freestyle) |url=http://www.canoe.com/2000GamesResults/sep21.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010415090630/http://www.canoe.com/2000GamesResults/sep21.html |archive-date=April 15, 2001 |access-date=7 July 2013 |publisher=[[Canoe.ca]]}}</ref> 5A shekarar 2022 Ndayishimiye ya zama manaja na mace ta farko direban mota a kasar Rwanda [[Queen Kalimpinya]] kuma a shekarar 2023 ya fafata da kansa a cikin tsere biyu. A watan Nuwamba 2023 Ndayishimiye aka zaba shugaban kungiyar masu tseren keke ta Rwanda == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]] t1ptf4jrqyyglj41veaexcx47p1ds7h 843033 843032 2026-05-30T05:47:53Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843033 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Samson Ndayishimiye''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1980) ɗan wasan ninkaya ne mai ritaya na ƙasar Rwanda wanda ya ƙware a wasannin tsere na 'yan wasa. <ref>{{Cite sports-reference|title=Samson Ndayishimiye|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/nd/samson-ndayishimiye-1.html|access-date=14 June 2013}}</ref> Ndayishimiye ya fafata wa [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] a gasar tseren mita 50 ta maza a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2000 a [[Sydney]] . Ya sami tikitin shiga gasar daga FINA, a ƙarƙashin shirin Universality, ba tare da ya haɗu da lokacin shiga ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Swimming – Men's 50m Freestyle Startlist (Heat 1) |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=000100060000000000FFFFFFFFFFFF00 |access-date=23 April 2013 |website=[[2000 Summer Olympics|Sydney 2000]] |publisher=Omega Timing |format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> Ya ƙalubalanci wasu 'yan wasan ninkaya shida a gasar zafi ta ɗaya, ciki har da 'yan shekara 16 Wael Ghassan na Qatar da Hassan Mubah na Maldives. Tare da ɗaya daga cikin masu ninkaya da ya fita daga gasar don rashin fara wasa da gangan, Ndayishimiye ya kammala gasar don ya kasance a matsayi na ƙarshe a cikin lokacin 38.76, mafi jinkirin kowane lokaci a gasar. Ndayishimiye ya kasa shiga zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe, yayin da ya sanya na saba'in da huɗu cikin jimillar masu ninkaya 80 a gasar prelims. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sydney 2000: Swimming – Men's 50m Freestyle Heat 1 |url=http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/2000/Masters/sw/SWresults.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110819181023/http://la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/2000/Masters/sw/SWresults.pdf |archive-date=19 August 2011 |access-date=28 April 2013 |website=[[2000 Summer Olympics|Sydney 2000]] |publisher=[[LA84 Foundation]] |page=103}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Results from the Summer Olympics – Swimming (Men's 50m Freestyle) |url=http://www.canoe.com/2000GamesResults/sep21.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010415090630/http://www.canoe.com/2000GamesResults/sep21.html |archive-date=April 15, 2001 |access-date=7 July 2013 |publisher=[[Canoe.ca]]}}</ref> 5A shekarar 2022 Ndayishimiye ya zama manaja na mace ta farko direban mota a kasar Rwanda [[Queen Kalimpinya]] kuma a shekarar 2023 ya fafata da kansa a cikin tsere biyu. A watan Nuwamba 2023 Ndayishimiye aka zaba shugaban kungiyar masu tseren keke ta Rwanda == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]] 0lx1aas0uopykyso9wi8cwdezg18i4q 0 153304 843034 2026-05-30T05:49:15Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1320043076|Jackson Niyomugabo]]" 843034 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jackson Niyomugabo''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 1988) ɗan wasan ninkaya ne na Rwanda a gasar Olympics. Asalinsa ɗan asalin Kibuye ne a yankin yammacin [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] . Ya girma yana iyo a cikin ruwan [[Tafkin kivu|Tafkin Kivu]] a kan iyakar Rwanda da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo]] . Mahaifinsa ya mutu a farkon rayuwarsa, kuma Jackson ya sami ƙarfi daga mahaifiyarsa, wadda ta noma ƙaramin filin iyalin a tsaunukan da ke saman [[Tafkin kivu|Tafkin Kivu]] . Tarihin Niyomugabo mai tawali'u bai ba shi damar samun horo mai zurfi na ƙwararru ba. Ya koyi yin iyo ta hanyar karanta littafin da wani malamin makarantar sakandare ya ba shi. Ya gina juriya da juriya ta hanyar yin iyo tsakanin tsibiran da ke kan tsaunuka a cikin tafkin, kuma a wasu lokutan ana ba shi izinin yin iyo a wani otal na yawon buɗe ido a babban birnin [[Kigali]] . Niyomugabo ya fafata a gasar cin kofin ruwa ta duniya ta 2007 a Ostiraliya, duk da cewa bai lashe lambar yabo ba. Ya wakilci [[Ruwanda|Jamhuriyar Rwanda]] a ninkaya a lokacin gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2008 da kuma gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jackson Niyomugabo Bio, Stats, and Results |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ni/jackson-niyomugabo-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418063220/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ni/jackson-niyomugabo-1.html |archive-date=2020-04-18 |access-date=2017-06-19 |website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] 4zqwjjk2u1ccs7hm0e6712wz87ae53i 843035 843034 2026-05-30T05:49:25Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1320043076|Jackson Niyomugabo]]" 843035 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Jackson Niyomugabo''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 1988) ɗan wasan ninkaya ne na Rwanda a gasar Olympics. Asalinsa ɗan asalin Kibuye ne a yankin yammacin [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] . Ya girma yana iyo a cikin ruwan [[Tafkin kivu|Tafkin Kivu]] a kan iyakar Rwanda da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo]] . Mahaifinsa ya mutu a farkon rayuwarsa, kuma Jackson ya sami ƙarfi daga mahaifiyarsa, wadda ta noma ƙaramin filin iyalin a tsaunukan da ke saman [[Tafkin kivu|Tafkin Kivu]] . Tarihin Niyomugabo mai tawali'u bai ba shi damar samun horo mai zurfi na ƙwararru ba. Ya koyi yin iyo ta hanyar karanta littafin da wani malamin makarantar sakandare ya ba shi. Ya gina juriya da juriya ta hanyar yin iyo tsakanin tsibiran da ke kan tsaunuka a cikin tafkin, kuma a wasu lokutan ana ba shi izinin yin iyo a wani otal na yawon buɗe ido a babban birnin [[Kigali]] . Niyomugabo ya fafata a gasar cin kofin ruwa ta duniya ta 2007 a Ostiraliya, duk da cewa bai lashe lambar yabo ba. Ya wakilci [[Ruwanda|Jamhuriyar Rwanda]] a ninkaya a lokacin gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2008 da kuma gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jackson Niyomugabo Bio, Stats, and Results |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ni/jackson-niyomugabo-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418063220/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ni/jackson-niyomugabo-1.html |archive-date=2020-04-18 |access-date=2017-06-19 |website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] svwtufwe826u9tn4xzqlbgd42nx1bua 843036 843035 2026-05-30T05:49:53Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Jackson Niyomugabo''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 1988) ɗan wasan ninkaya ne na Rwanda a gasar Olympics. Asalinsa ɗan asalin Kibuye ne a yankin yammacin [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] . Ya girma yana iyo a cikin ruwan [[Tafkin kivu|Tafkin Kivu]] a kan iyakar Rwanda da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo]] . Mahaifinsa ya mutu a farkon rayuwarsa, kuma Jackson ya sami ƙarfi daga mahaifiyarsa, wadda ta noma ƙaramin filin iyalin a tsaunukan da ke saman [[Tafkin kivu|Tafkin Kivu]] . Tarihin Niyomugabo mai tawali'u bai ba shi damar samun horo mai zurfi na ƙwararru ba. Ya koyi yin iyo ta hanyar karanta littafin da wani malamin makarantar sakandare ya ba shi. Ya gina juriya da juriya ta hanyar yin iyo tsakanin tsibiran da ke kan tsaunuka a cikin tafkin, kuma a wasu lokutan ana ba shi izinin yin iyo a wani otal na yawon buɗe ido a babban birnin [[Kigali]] . Niyomugabo ya fafata a gasar cin kofin ruwa ta duniya ta 2007 a Ostiraliya, duk da cewa bai lashe lambar yabo ba. Ya wakilci [[Ruwanda|Jamhuriyar Rwanda]] a ninkaya a lokacin gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2008 da kuma gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jackson Niyomugabo Bio, Stats, and Results |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ni/jackson-niyomugabo-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418063220/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ni/jackson-niyomugabo-1.html |archive-date=2020-04-18 |access-date=2017-06-19 |website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] ==manazarta== 1euxgphketxepxxupifm8d603rcrman 0 153305 843037 2026-05-30T05:50:48Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1190455265|Johanna Umurungi]]" 843037 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johanna Umurungi''' (an haife ta a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 1996 a [[Torino|Turin]], Italiya) ƙwararriyar mai ninkaya ce [[Ruwanda|ta ƙasar Rwanda]] wadda ta ƙware a fannin malam buɗe ido na mita 50 da kuma malam buɗe ido na mita 100. <ref name="Rio Bio">{{Cite web |title=Johanna Umurungi |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |archive-date=6 August 2016 |access-date=7 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016}}</ref> Umurungi ita ce mace ɗaya tilo da ta wakilci Rwanda a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 da aka yi a [[Rio de Janeiro]], inda ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. Ta kuma fafata a gasar zakarun duniya guda uku da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta gajeren zango . == Gasar == Wasan farko da Umurungi ta fara yi a gasar ninkaya ta duniya shi ne a Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2011, inda ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 50. <ref name="2011 sl">{{Cite web |title=2011 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010B0D0048000000FFFFFFFFFFFF00 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=[[Omega SA]]}}</ref> Ta kare a matsayi na huɗu a lokacin da take cikin zafin jiki na daƙiƙa 32.68. <ref name="2011 r">{{Cite web |title=2011 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010B0D0048000000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Lokacinta shine na 45 mafi sauri cikin 'yan wasa 51. [ <ref name="2011 r" /> Ta fi ɗan wasa mafi jinkirin da ya ci gaba da zuwa zagaye na kusa da na ƙarshe daƙiƙa 5.85, don haka aka cire ta daga gasar. <ref name="2011 r" /> A Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2013, Umurungi ta fafata a tseren malam buɗe ido na mita 50 da mita 100. <ref name="2013 50 s">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2013 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> A gasar mita 50 ta yi iyo a lokacin daƙiƙa 32.35 a zagayen zafi wanda shine karo na 56 mafi sauri cikin masu iyo 60. <ref name="2013 50 r">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032000FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ba ta ci gaba zuwa zagaye na kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2013 50 r" /> A gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100, lokacinta na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 10.41 shine na 50 mafi sauri daga cikin 'yan ninkaya 53 kuma ba ta ci gaba zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2013 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Gasar Kofin Gajeren Kwas ta Duniya ta 2014 ita ce Gasar Kofin Gajeren Kwas ta Duniya ta farko ta Umurungi kuma ta fafata a gasar tseren mita 50 da mita 100. <ref name="2014 50 s">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2014 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ta kammala a matsayi na 75 a jimilla a tseren mita 50; da lokaci na daƙiƙa 32.54; da kuma na 61 a jimilla a tseren mita 100; da lokaci na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 9.20. <ref name="2014 50 r">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Result Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032000FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2014 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> A Gasar Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2015, Umurungi ta fafata ne kawai a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. <ref name="2015 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2015 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010F020001032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ta yi iyo na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 13.14 a zafinta kuma ba ta ci gaba zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2015 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2015 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010F020001032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> === Gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 === Umurungi ita ce kaɗai mace mai ninkaya da ta wakilci Rwanda a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016. <ref name="geof">{{Cite web |last=Asiimwe |first=Geoffrey |date=10 July 2016 |title=Swimming duo to compete at Rio de Janeiro Olympics |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-07-10/201555/ |access-date=20 October 2016 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]}}</ref> An zaɓi ita da namiji mai ninkaya [[Eloi Maniraguha|Eloi Imaniraguha]] don wakiltar Rwanda bayan da Kwamitin Olympics na Duniya ya gayyaci ƙasar don aika 'yan ninkaya biyu; in ba haka ba, 'yan wasan Rwanda a wannan rukunin ba sa cancanta ta hanyar tsarin cancantar da aka saba. <ref name="geof" /> Umurungi ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. <ref name="Rio Bio">{{Cite web |title=Johanna Umurungi |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |archive-date=6 August 2016 |access-date=7 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi "Johanna Umurungi"]. ''Rio 2016''. Archived from [https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi the original] on 6 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> An jawo ta a cikin zafi na ɗaya, zafi da ke ɗauke da wasu 'yan wasa huɗu tare da Umurungi. <ref name="sl 2016">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Start List – Heat 1 |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Kafin tseren ta shaida wa ''jaridar The New Times'', "Na yi atisaye tsawon shekara ɗaya tare da kocina, kodayake ya kasance da wahala saboda ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba a yi karatu da yin wasanni a lokaci guda, ina so in yi iya ƙoƙarina." A tseren da aka yi a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2016, Umurungi ta yi iyo na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 11.92. <ref name="rio resul">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Results – Heat 1 |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Lokacin Umurungi shine na biyu mafi jinkiri daga cikin 'yan wasa 44 da suka kammala gasar, inda Umurungi ta fi Qatar Nada Arkaji sauri, wacce ta yi ninkaya da sauri da kimanin daƙiƙa bakwai fiye da Umurungi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Results Summary |url=https://smsprio2016-a.akamaihd.net/_odf-documents/S/W/SWW021900_ResultsSummary_2016_08_06.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807200722/https://smsprio2016-a.akamaihd.net/_odf-documents/S/W/SWW021900_ResultsSummary_2016_08_06.pdf |archive-date=7 August 2016 |access-date=17 October 2016 |publisher=[[Omega SA]]}}</ref> <ref name="stand">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Standings – Heats |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Lokacin Umurungi ya fi jinkirin daƙiƙa 13.17 fiye da ɗan wasan da ya fi jinkirin da ya ci gaba zuwa zagaye na gaba, saboda haka, an kawar da ita. <ref name="stand" /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] fvkq070j7960bm0rzudybnndktgzae5 843038 843037 2026-05-30T05:51:46Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843038 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Johanna Umurungi''' (an haife ta a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 1996 a [[Torino|Turin]], Italiya) ƙwararriyar mai ninkaya ce [[Ruwanda|ta ƙasar Rwanda]] wadda ta ƙware a fannin malam buɗe ido na mita 50 da kuma malam buɗe ido na mita 100. <ref name="Rio Bio">{{Cite web |title=Johanna Umurungi |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |archive-date=6 August 2016 |access-date=7 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016}}</ref> Umurungi ita ce mace ɗaya tilo da ta wakilci Rwanda a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 da aka yi a [[Rio de Janeiro]], inda ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. Ta kuma fafata a gasar zakarun duniya guda uku da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta gajeren zango . == Gasar == Wasan farko da Umurungi ta fara yi a gasar ninkaya ta duniya shi ne a Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2011, inda ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 50. <ref name="2011 sl">{{Cite web |title=2011 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010B0D0048000000FFFFFFFFFFFF00 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=[[Omega SA]]}}</ref> Ta kare a matsayi na huɗu a lokacin da take cikin zafin jiki na daƙiƙa 32.68. <ref name="2011 r">{{Cite web |title=2011 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010B0D0048000000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Lokacinta shine na 45 mafi sauri cikin 'yan wasa 51. [ <ref name="2011 r" /> Ta fi ɗan wasa mafi jinkirin da ya ci gaba da zuwa zagaye na kusa da na ƙarshe daƙiƙa 5.85, don haka aka cire ta daga gasar. <ref name="2011 r" /> A Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2013, Umurungi ta fafata a tseren malam buɗe ido na mita 50 da mita 100. <ref name="2013 50 s">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2013 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> A gasar mita 50 ta yi iyo a lokacin daƙiƙa 32.35 a zagayen zafi wanda shine karo na 56 mafi sauri cikin masu iyo 60. <ref name="2013 50 r">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032000FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ba ta ci gaba zuwa zagaye na kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2013 50 r" /> A gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100, lokacinta na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 10.41 shine na 50 mafi sauri daga cikin 'yan ninkaya 53 kuma ba ta ci gaba zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2013 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Gasar Kofin Gajeren Kwas ta Duniya ta 2014 ita ce Gasar Kofin Gajeren Kwas ta Duniya ta farko ta Umurungi kuma ta fafata a gasar tseren mita 50 da mita 100. <ref name="2014 50 s">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2014 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ta kammala a matsayi na 75 a jimilla a tseren mita 50; da lokaci na daƙiƙa 32.54; da kuma na 61 a jimilla a tseren mita 100; da lokaci na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 9.20. <ref name="2014 50 r">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Result Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032000FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2014 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> A Gasar Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2015, Umurungi ta fafata ne kawai a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. <ref name="2015 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2015 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010F020001032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ta yi iyo na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 13.14 a zafinta kuma ba ta ci gaba zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2015 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2015 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010F020001032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> === Gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 === Umurungi ita ce kaɗai mace mai ninkaya da ta wakilci Rwanda a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016. <ref name="geof">{{Cite web |last=Asiimwe |first=Geoffrey |date=10 July 2016 |title=Swimming duo to compete at Rio de Janeiro Olympics |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-07-10/201555/ |access-date=20 October 2016 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]}}</ref> An zaɓi ita da namiji mai ninkaya [[Eloi Maniraguha|Eloi Imaniraguha]] don wakiltar Rwanda bayan da Kwamitin Olympics na Duniya ya gayyaci ƙasar don aika 'yan ninkaya biyu; in ba haka ba, 'yan wasan Rwanda a wannan rukunin ba sa cancanta ta hanyar tsarin cancantar da aka saba. <ref name="geof" /> Umurungi ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. <ref name="Rio Bio">{{Cite web |title=Johanna Umurungi |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |archive-date=6 August 2016 |access-date=7 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi "Johanna Umurungi"]. ''Rio 2016''. Archived from [https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi the original] on 6 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> An jawo ta a cikin zafi na ɗaya, zafi da ke ɗauke da wasu 'yan wasa huɗu tare da Umurungi. <ref name="sl 2016">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Start List – Heat 1 |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Kafin tseren ta shaida wa ''jaridar The New Times'', "Na yi atisaye tsawon shekara ɗaya tare da kocina, kodayake ya kasance da wahala saboda ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba a yi karatu da yin wasanni a lokaci guda, ina so in yi iya ƙoƙarina." A tseren da aka yi a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2016, Umurungi ta yi iyo na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 11.92. <ref name="rio resul">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Results – Heat 1 |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Lokacin Umurungi shine na biyu mafi jinkiri daga cikin 'yan wasa 44 da suka kammala gasar, inda Umurungi ta fi Qatar Nada Arkaji sauri, wacce ta yi ninkaya da sauri da kimanin daƙiƙa bakwai fiye da Umurungi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Results Summary |url=https://smsprio2016-a.akamaihd.net/_odf-documents/S/W/SWW021900_ResultsSummary_2016_08_06.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807200722/https://smsprio2016-a.akamaihd.net/_odf-documents/S/W/SWW021900_ResultsSummary_2016_08_06.pdf |archive-date=7 August 2016 |access-date=17 October 2016 |publisher=[[Omega SA]]}}</ref> <ref name="stand">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Standings – Heats |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Lokacin Umurungi ya fi jinkirin daƙiƙa 13.17 fiye da ɗan wasan da ya fi jinkirin da ya ci gaba zuwa zagaye na gaba, saboda haka, an kawar da ita. <ref name="stand" /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] ==mqnazarta co40eo6mho4l033c0i5p4reyyc5fplz 843039 843038 2026-05-30T05:52:03Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843039 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Johanna Umurungi''' (an haife ta a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 1996 a [[Torino|Turin]], Italiya) ƙwararriyar mai ninkaya ce [[Ruwanda|ta ƙasar Rwanda]] wadda ta ƙware a fannin malam buɗe ido na mita 50 da kuma malam buɗe ido na mita 100. <ref name="Rio Bio">{{Cite web |title=Johanna Umurungi |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |archive-date=6 August 2016 |access-date=7 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016}}</ref> Umurungi ita ce mace ɗaya tilo da ta wakilci Rwanda a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 da aka yi a [[Rio de Janeiro]], inda ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. Ta kuma fafata a gasar zakarun duniya guda uku da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta gajeren zango . == Gasar == Wasan farko da Umurungi ta fara yi a gasar ninkaya ta duniya shi ne a Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2011, inda ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 50. <ref name="2011 sl">{{Cite web |title=2011 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010B0D0048000000FFFFFFFFFFFF00 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=[[Omega SA]]}}</ref> Ta kare a matsayi na huɗu a lokacin da take cikin zafin jiki na daƙiƙa 32.68. <ref name="2011 r">{{Cite web |title=2011 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010B0D0048000000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Lokacinta shine na 45 mafi sauri cikin 'yan wasa 51. [ <ref name="2011 r" /> Ta fi ɗan wasa mafi jinkirin da ya ci gaba da zuwa zagaye na kusa da na ƙarshe daƙiƙa 5.85, don haka aka cire ta daga gasar. <ref name="2011 r" /> A Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2013, Umurungi ta fafata a tseren malam buɗe ido na mita 50 da mita 100. <ref name="2013 50 s">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2013 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> A gasar mita 50 ta yi iyo a lokacin daƙiƙa 32.35 a zagayen zafi wanda shine karo na 56 mafi sauri cikin masu iyo 60. <ref name="2013 50 r">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032000FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ba ta ci gaba zuwa zagaye na kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2013 50 r" /> A gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100, lokacinta na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 10.41 shine na 50 mafi sauri daga cikin 'yan ninkaya 53 kuma ba ta ci gaba zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2013 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Gasar Kofin Gajeren Kwas ta Duniya ta 2014 ita ce Gasar Kofin Gajeren Kwas ta Duniya ta farko ta Umurungi kuma ta fafata a gasar tseren mita 50 da mita 100. <ref name="2014 50 s">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2014 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ta kammala a matsayi na 75 a jimilla a tseren mita 50; da lokaci na daƙiƙa 32.54; da kuma na 61 a jimilla a tseren mita 100; da lokaci na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 9.20. <ref name="2014 50 r">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Result Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032000FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2014 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> A Gasar Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2015, Umurungi ta fafata ne kawai a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. <ref name="2015 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2015 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010F020001032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ta yi iyo na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 13.14 a zafinta kuma ba ta ci gaba zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2015 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2015 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010F020001032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> === Gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 === Umurungi ita ce kaɗai mace mai ninkaya da ta wakilci Rwanda a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016. <ref name="geof">{{Cite web |last=Asiimwe |first=Geoffrey |date=10 July 2016 |title=Swimming duo to compete at Rio de Janeiro Olympics |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-07-10/201555/ |access-date=20 October 2016 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]}}</ref> An zaɓi ita da namiji mai ninkaya [[Eloi Maniraguha|Eloi Imaniraguha]] don wakiltar Rwanda bayan da Kwamitin Olympics na Duniya ya gayyaci ƙasar don aika 'yan ninkaya biyu; in ba haka ba, 'yan wasan Rwanda a wannan rukunin ba sa cancanta ta hanyar tsarin cancantar da aka saba. <ref name="geof" /> Umurungi ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. <ref name="Rio Bio">{{Cite web |title=Johanna Umurungi |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |archive-date=6 August 2016 |access-date=7 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi "Johanna Umurungi"]. ''Rio 2016''. Archived from [https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi the original] on 6 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> An jawo ta a cikin zafi na ɗaya, zafi da ke ɗauke da wasu 'yan wasa huɗu tare da Umurungi. <ref name="sl 2016">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Start List – Heat 1 |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Kafin tseren ta shaida wa ''jaridar The New Times'', "Na yi atisaye tsawon shekara ɗaya tare da kocina, kodayake ya kasance da wahala saboda ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba a yi karatu da yin wasanni a lokaci guda, ina so in yi iya ƙoƙarina." A tseren da aka yi a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2016, Umurungi ta yi iyo na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 11.92. <ref name="rio resul">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Results – Heat 1 |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Lokacin Umurungi shine na biyu mafi jinkiri daga cikin 'yan wasa 44 da suka kammala gasar, inda Umurungi ta fi Qatar Nada Arkaji sauri, wacce ta yi ninkaya da sauri da kimanin daƙiƙa bakwai fiye da Umurungi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Results Summary |url=https://smsprio2016-a.akamaihd.net/_odf-documents/S/W/SWW021900_ResultsSummary_2016_08_06.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807200722/https://smsprio2016-a.akamaihd.net/_odf-documents/S/W/SWW021900_ResultsSummary_2016_08_06.pdf |archive-date=7 August 2016 |access-date=17 October 2016 |publisher=[[Omega SA]]}}</ref> <ref name="stand">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Standings – Heats |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Lokacin Umurungi ya fi jinkirin daƙiƙa 13.17 fiye da ɗan wasan da ya fi jinkirin da ya ci gaba zuwa zagaye na gaba, saboda haka, an kawar da ita. <ref name="stand" /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] ==mqnazarta==5 m193a1qy7x3jwt3aqcf76iwkrqv0j8k 843040 843039 2026-05-30T05:52:16Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843040 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Johanna Umurungi''' (an haife ta a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 1996 a [[Torino|Turin]], Italiya) ƙwararriyar mai ninkaya ce [[Ruwanda|ta ƙasar Rwanda]] wadda ta ƙware a fannin malam buɗe ido na mita 50 da kuma malam buɗe ido na mita 100. <ref name="Rio Bio">{{Cite web |title=Johanna Umurungi |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |archive-date=6 August 2016 |access-date=7 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016}}</ref> Umurungi ita ce mace ɗaya tilo da ta wakilci Rwanda a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 da aka yi a [[Rio de Janeiro]], inda ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. Ta kuma fafata a gasar zakarun duniya guda uku da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta gajeren zango . == Gasar == Wasan farko da Umurungi ta fara yi a gasar ninkaya ta duniya shi ne a Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2011, inda ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 50. <ref name="2011 sl">{{Cite web |title=2011 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010B0D0048000000FFFFFFFFFFFF00 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=[[Omega SA]]}}</ref> Ta kare a matsayi na huɗu a lokacin da take cikin zafin jiki na daƙiƙa 32.68. <ref name="2011 r">{{Cite web |title=2011 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010B0D0048000000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Lokacinta shine na 45 mafi sauri cikin 'yan wasa 51. [ <ref name="2011 r" /> Ta fi ɗan wasa mafi jinkirin da ya ci gaba da zuwa zagaye na kusa da na ƙarshe daƙiƙa 5.85, don haka aka cire ta daga gasar. <ref name="2011 r" /> A Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2013, Umurungi ta fafata a tseren malam buɗe ido na mita 50 da mita 100. <ref name="2013 50 s">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2013 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> A gasar mita 50 ta yi iyo a lokacin daƙiƙa 32.35 a zagayen zafi wanda shine karo na 56 mafi sauri cikin masu iyo 60. <ref name="2013 50 r">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032000FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ba ta ci gaba zuwa zagaye na kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2013 50 r" /> A gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100, lokacinta na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 10.41 shine na 50 mafi sauri daga cikin 'yan ninkaya 53 kuma ba ta ci gaba zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2013 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2013 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010D020101032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Gasar Kofin Gajeren Kwas ta Duniya ta 2014 ita ce Gasar Kofin Gajeren Kwas ta Duniya ta farko ta Umurungi kuma ta fafata a gasar tseren mita 50 da mita 100. <ref name="2014 50 s">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032000FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2014 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ta kammala a matsayi na 75 a jimilla a tseren mita 50; da lokaci na daƙiƙa 32.54; da kuma na 61 a jimilla a tseren mita 100; da lokaci na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 9.20. <ref name="2014 50 r">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 50m Butterfly – Result Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032000FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> <ref name="2014 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2014 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010E010D01032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> A Gasar Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya ta 2015, Umurungi ta fafata ne kawai a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. <ref name="2015 100 s">{{Cite web |title=2015 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Startlist |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010F020001032100FFFFFFFFFFFF01 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> Ta yi iyo na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 13.14 a zafinta kuma ba ta ci gaba zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ba. <ref name="2015 100 r">{{Cite web |title=2015 – Women's 100m Butterfly – Results Summary |url=http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download?id=00010F020001032100FFFFFFFFFFFF02 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Omega SA}}</ref> === Gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 === Umurungi ita ce kaɗai mace mai ninkaya da ta wakilci Rwanda a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016. <ref name="geof">{{Cite web |last=Asiimwe |first=Geoffrey |date=10 July 2016 |title=Swimming duo to compete at Rio de Janeiro Olympics |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-07-10/201555/ |access-date=20 October 2016 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]}}</ref> An zaɓi ita da namiji mai ninkaya [[Eloi Maniraguha|Eloi Imaniraguha]] don wakiltar Rwanda bayan da Kwamitin Olympics na Duniya ya gayyaci ƙasar don aika 'yan ninkaya biyu; in ba haka ba, 'yan wasan Rwanda a wannan rukunin ba sa cancanta ta hanyar tsarin cancantar da aka saba. <ref name="geof" /> Umurungi ta fafata a gasar malam buɗe ido ta mita 100. <ref name="Rio Bio">{{Cite web |title=Johanna Umurungi |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi |archive-date=6 August 2016 |access-date=7 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160806083643/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi "Johanna Umurungi"]. ''Rio 2016''. Archived from [https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/johanna-umurungi the original] on 6 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> An jawo ta a cikin zafi na ɗaya, zafi da ke ɗauke da wasu 'yan wasa huɗu tare da Umurungi. <ref name="sl 2016">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Start List – Heat 1 |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Kafin tseren ta shaida wa ''jaridar The New Times'', "Na yi atisaye tsawon shekara ɗaya tare da kocina, kodayake ya kasance da wahala saboda ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba a yi karatu da yin wasanni a lokaci guda, ina so in yi iya ƙoƙarina." A tseren da aka yi a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2016, Umurungi ta yi iyo na minti ɗaya da daƙiƙa 11.92. <ref name="rio resul">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Results – Heat 1 |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Lokacin Umurungi shine na biyu mafi jinkiri daga cikin 'yan wasa 44 da suka kammala gasar, inda Umurungi ta fi Qatar Nada Arkaji sauri, wacce ta yi ninkaya da sauri da kimanin daƙiƙa bakwai fiye da Umurungi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Results Summary |url=https://smsprio2016-a.akamaihd.net/_odf-documents/S/W/SWW021900_ResultsSummary_2016_08_06.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807200722/https://smsprio2016-a.akamaihd.net/_odf-documents/S/W/SWW021900_ResultsSummary_2016_08_06.pdf |archive-date=7 August 2016 |access-date=17 October 2016 |publisher=[[Omega SA]]}}</ref> <ref name="stand">{{Cite web |title=Women's 100m Butterfly – Standings – Heats |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922155940/https://www.rio2016.com/en/swimming-womens-100m-butterfly-heat-6 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |publisher=Rio 2016}}</ref> Lokacin Umurungi ya fi jinkirin daƙiƙa 13.17 fiye da ɗan wasan da ya fi jinkirin da ya ci gaba zuwa zagaye na gaba, saboda haka, an kawar da ita. <ref name="stand" /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1996]] ==mqnazarta== dzkjpmrm5055nj8xpfcwd9od08hcuv9 0 153306 843042 2026-05-30T05:54:44Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1043567102|Akanyaru Multipurpose Dam]]" 843042 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madatsar ruwan Akanyaru Multipurpose''', wani madatsar ruwa ne da aka tsara a fadin Kogin Akanyaru, a kan iyakar kasa da kasa tsakanin [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] da [[Burundi]] . Madatsar ruwan za ta samar da madatsar ruwa mai karfin ajiya na {{Convert|333000000|m3|0}} Ana ran ruwan zai samar da ruwan sha ga kimanin mutane 614,200 a ƙasashen biyu. Ana kuma sa ran madatsar ruwan za ta samar da ruwan ban ruwa ga kimanin {{Convert|12474|ha|acre}} na ƙasar noma a Burundi da Rwanda, wanda ya amfanar da kimanin manoma 24,948. Madatsar ruwan za ta kuma karɓi bakuncin '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Akanyaru''', wadda za ta samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin {{Convert|14.5|MW}} . <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=25 February 2021 |title=Rwanda/Burundi: the two countries will mobilize $190 million for the Akanyaru dam |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-burundi-the-two-countries-will-mobilize-190-million-for-the-akanyaru-dam/ |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=Afrik21.africa}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar za ta kasance a kan kogin Akanyaru, tare da kan iyakar Rwanda da Burundi, a gundumar Gisagara a lardin Kudancin kasar Rwanda da kuma a cikin gundumar Ntega a lardin Kirundo, na Burundi. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NELSAP |date=March 2020 |title=Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=[[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)}}</ref> Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon {{Convert|160|km|0}}, ta hanya, kudu maso yammacin [[Kigali]], babban birnin Rwanda. Wannan kimanin {{Convert|150|km|0}}, ta hanya, arewacin [[Gitega]], babban birnin Burundi. == Tarihi == A shekarar 2012, ƙasashen Gabashin Afirka guda biyu da kuma Shirin Ayyukan Taimako na Tafkunan Kogin Equatorial (NELSAP), sun gano ''Aikin Ci Gaban Albarkatun Ruwa Mai Amfani da Yawa na Akanyaru'' . A wannan shekarar, NELSAP ta gudanar da nazarin kafin yiwuwar amfani. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NELSAP |date=March 2020 |title=Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=[[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNELSAP2020">NELSAP (March 2020). [https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file "Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project"]. Kigali, Rwanda: [[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2015, Majalisar Ministocin Kogin Nile ta amince da Aikin Akanyaru. Wakilai daga Rwanda da Burundi sun kimanta wurin aikin a watan Mayun 2016. A watan Maris na 2018, NELSAP ta shirya cikakken shirin samar da kudade ga [[Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka|Bankin Raya Afirka]] (AfDB). A shekarar 2020, an gabatar da tayin neman cikakken nazarin [[Binciken tasirin muhalli|kimanta tasirin muhalli da zamantakewa]] (ESIA), Tsarin Ayyukan Matsugunni (RAP), cikakken nazarin yiwuwa, cikakken tsari da shirya takardun tayin aikin. Ana sa ran kammala nazarin aikin a watan Maris na 2022. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NELSAP |date=March 2020 |title=Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=[[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNELSAP2020">NELSAP (March 2020). [https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file "Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project"]. Kigali, Rwanda: [[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Tallafin Kuɗi == A watan Fabrairun 2021, an ƙididdige kuɗin aikin zuwa dala miliyan 190 na Amurka. An nemi rancen ga AfDB, a ƙarƙashin ''Cibiyar Shirye-shiryen Ayyukan Infrastructure na NEPAD'' (NEPAD-IPPF). <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=25 February 2021 |title=Rwanda/Burundi: the two countries will mobilize $190 million for the Akanyaru dam |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-burundi-the-two-countries-will-mobilize-190-million-for-the-akanyaru-dam/ |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=Afrik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJean_Marie_Takouleu2021">Jean Marie Takouleu (25 February 2021). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-burundi-the-two-countries-will-mobilize-190-million-for-the-akanyaru-dam/ "Rwanda/Burundi: the two countries will mobilize $190 million for the Akanyaru dam"]. Paris, France: Afrik21.africa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NELSAP |date=March 2020 |title=Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=[[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNELSAP2020">NELSAP (March 2020). [https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file "Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project"]. Kigali, Rwanda: [[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Wasu abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su == An gabatar da samar da {{Convert|14.5|MW}}Ana sa ran tashar samar da wutar lantarki Akanyaru, za ta samar da wutar lantarki ga gidaje 141,111 a kasashen biyu, wanda zai yi wa kimanin mutane 846,000 hidima. Aikin ya kuma kunshi gyara guraben ruwa da suka lalace a saman madatsar ruwan Akanyaru. <ref name="1R" /> <ref name="2R" /> 4tygqj3hmc9yubu8g34f4b0hyc0kep2 843043 843042 2026-05-30T05:55:23Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843043 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Madatsar ruwan Akanyaru Multipurpose''', wani madatsar ruwa ne da aka tsara a fadin Kogin Akanyaru, a kan iyakar kasa da kasa tsakanin [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] da [[Burundi]] . Madatsar ruwan za ta samar da madatsar ruwa mai karfin ajiya na {{Convert|333000000|m3|0}} Ana ran ruwan zai samar da ruwan sha ga kimanin mutane 614,200 a ƙasashen biyu. Ana kuma sa ran madatsar ruwan za ta samar da ruwan ban ruwa ga kimanin {{Convert|12474|ha|acre}} na ƙasar noma a Burundi da Rwanda, wanda ya amfanar da kimanin manoma 24,948. Madatsar ruwan za ta kuma karɓi bakuncin '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Akanyaru''', wadda za ta samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin {{Convert|14.5|MW}} . <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=25 February 2021 |title=Rwanda/Burundi: the two countries will mobilize $190 million for the Akanyaru dam |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-burundi-the-two-countries-will-mobilize-190-million-for-the-akanyaru-dam/ |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=Afrik21.africa}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar za ta kasance a kan kogin Akanyaru, tare da kan iyakar Rwanda da Burundi, a gundumar Gisagara a lardin Kudancin kasar Rwanda da kuma a cikin gundumar Ntega a lardin Kirundo, na Burundi. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NELSAP |date=March 2020 |title=Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=[[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)}}</ref> Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon {{Convert|160|km|0}}, ta hanya, kudu maso yammacin [[Kigali]], babban birnin Rwanda. Wannan kimanin {{Convert|150|km|0}}, ta hanya, arewacin [[Gitega]], babban birnin Burundi. == Tarihi == A shekarar 2012, ƙasashen Gabashin Afirka guda biyu da kuma Shirin Ayyukan Taimako na Tafkunan Kogin Equatorial (NELSAP), sun gano ''Aikin Ci Gaban Albarkatun Ruwa Mai Amfani da Yawa na Akanyaru'' . A wannan shekarar, NELSAP ta gudanar da nazarin kafin yiwuwar amfani. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NELSAP |date=March 2020 |title=Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=[[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNELSAP2020">NELSAP (March 2020). [https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file "Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project"]. Kigali, Rwanda: [[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2015, Majalisar Ministocin Kogin Nile ta amince da Aikin Akanyaru. Wakilai daga Rwanda da Burundi sun kimanta wurin aikin a watan Mayun 2016. A watan Maris na 2018, NELSAP ta shirya cikakken shirin samar da kudade ga [[Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka|Bankin Raya Afirka]] (AfDB). A shekarar 2020, an gabatar da tayin neman cikakken nazarin [[Binciken tasirin muhalli|kimanta tasirin muhalli da zamantakewa]] (ESIA), Tsarin Ayyukan Matsugunni (RAP), cikakken nazarin yiwuwa, cikakken tsari da shirya takardun tayin aikin. Ana sa ran kammala nazarin aikin a watan Maris na 2022. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NELSAP |date=March 2020 |title=Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=[[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNELSAP2020">NELSAP (March 2020). [https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file "Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project"]. Kigali, Rwanda: [[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Tallafin Kuɗi == A watan Fabrairun 2021, an ƙididdige kuɗin aikin zuwa dala miliyan 190 na Amurka. An nemi rancen ga AfDB, a ƙarƙashin ''Cibiyar Shirye-shiryen Ayyukan Infrastructure na NEPAD'' (NEPAD-IPPF). <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=25 February 2021 |title=Rwanda/Burundi: the two countries will mobilize $190 million for the Akanyaru dam |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-burundi-the-two-countries-will-mobilize-190-million-for-the-akanyaru-dam/ |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=Afrik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJean_Marie_Takouleu2021">Jean Marie Takouleu (25 February 2021). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-burundi-the-two-countries-will-mobilize-190-million-for-the-akanyaru-dam/ "Rwanda/Burundi: the two countries will mobilize $190 million for the Akanyaru dam"]. Paris, France: Afrik21.africa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NELSAP |date=March 2020 |title=Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project |url=https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file |access-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=[[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNELSAP2020">NELSAP (March 2020). [https://nelsap.nilebasin.org/index.php/en/media-items/factsheets/34-akanyaru-multipurpose-water-resources-project-brief-march-2020/file "Akanyaru Multipurpose Water Resources Development Project"]. Kigali, Rwanda: [[Nile Basin Initiative| Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program]] (NELSAP)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Wasu abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su == An gabatar da samar da {{Convert|14.5|MW}}Ana sa ran tashar samar da wutar lantarki Akanyaru, za ta samar da wutar lantarki ga gidaje 141,111 a kasashen biyu, wanda zai yi wa kimanin mutane 846,000 hidima. Aikin ya kuma kunshi gyara guraben ruwa da suka lalace a saman madatsar ruwan Akanyaru. <ref name="1R" /> <ref name="2R" /> ==manqzarta== ds5o8diufon0v7pb4le6ofacsj0pnfp 0 153307 843044 2026-05-30T05:57:01Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1308272652|Nyabarongo II Multipurpose Dam]]" 843044 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dam din Nyabarongo II Multipurpose Dam''', madatsar ruwa ce mai dumbin yawa da ake ginawa a fadin [[kogin Nyabarongo]] a [[Ruwanda|kasar Ruwanda]] . Dam din zai auna {{Convert|48|m|0}}tsayin da {{Convert|228|m|0}} tsayi, ƙirƙirar ma'ajiyar ruwa mai ƙarfin ajiya na {{Convert|846000000|m3|liter}} . Ana kuma sa ran madatsar ruwan za ta samar da ruwan ban ruwa ga kimanin {{Convert|20000|ha|acre}} na ƙasa, a gefen wurin da madatsar ruwan take. Bugu da ƙari, madatsar ruwan za ta karɓi bakuncin '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Nyabarongo II''', tare da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na megawatts 43.5. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Africa Energy |date=31 March 2021 |title=Rwanda: Nyabarongo II construction to begin next month |url=https://www.africa-energy.com/article/rwanda-nyabarongo-ii-construction-begin-next-month |access-date=29 Jun 2021 |website=Africa-Energy.com}}</ref> <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NS Energy |date=2019 |title=Nyabarongo II Hydropower Project |url=https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/projects/nyabarongo-ii-hydropower-project/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=NS Energy Business}}</ref> == Wuri == Dam din Nyabarongo II yana kusa da garin Shyorongi, a gundumar Rulindo, a lardin Arewacin Ruwanda. Wannan kusan {{Convert|21|km|0}} arewa maso yammacin [[Kigali]], babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a wannan ƙasar. A watan Yunin 2018, gwamnatin Rwanda, ta hanyar ''Energy Development Corporation Limited'' (EDCL), wani reshe na Rwanda Energy Group (REG), ta amince da Sinohydro don gina wannan madatsar ruwa mai amfani da yawa don (a) adana ruwan ban ruwa (b) don daidaita ambaliyar ruwa a gefen wannan madatsar ruwa da kuma (c) samar da megawatts 43.5 na makamashin lantarki don ƙarawa zuwa ga tashar wutar lantarki ta ƙasa. <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=6 April 2019 |title=Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=Arik21.africa}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2019, an fayyace yarjejeniyoyin da ke tsakanin ɓangarorin. An bai wa Sinohydro aikin gina madatsar ruwa da kuma sanya sassan su yi aiki, ba daga baya ba sai a shekarar 2025. An amince da tsarin ginin da za a yi amfani da shi ya zama "gina, mallaka, aiki da canja wurin" (BOOT). An ware kasafin kuɗin aikin zuwa dala miliyan 214. <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=6 April 2019 |title=Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=Arik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJean_Marie_Takouleu2019">Jean Marie Takouleu (6 April 2019). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ "Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction"]. ''Arik21.africa''. Paris, France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Ana nufin tashar wutar lantarki ta Nyabarongo II don haɓaka {{Convert|28|MW}} Nyabarongo I Hydroelectric Power Station, sama daga Nyabarongo II. <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=6 April 2019 |title=Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=Arik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJean_Marie_Takouleu2019">Jean Marie Takouleu (6 April 2019). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ "Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction"]. ''Arik21.africa''. Paris, France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Ci gaba, kuɗi da kuma lokaci == An bai wa Sinohydro, kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa, injiniya da gine-gine mallakar gwamnatin kasar Sin kwangilar injiniya, sayayya, da gini, kan farashin dala miliyan 214. <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=6 April 2019 |title=Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=Arik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJean_Marie_Takouleu2019">Jean Marie Takouleu (6 April 2019). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ "Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction"]. ''Arik21.africa''. Paris, France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Gwamnatin Rwanda ce ta ranci kudaden, daga Bankin Exim na China bisa sharuddan rangwame. <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=Hydropower & Dams |date=25 February 2020 |title=Rwanda signs financing agreement for Nyabarongo II project |url=https://www.hydropower-dams.com/news/rwanda-signs-financing-agreement-for-nyabarongo-ii-project/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=The International Journal On Hydropower & Dams}}</ref> An fara ginin ne a watan Afrilun 2021 kuma an tsara zai ɗauki tsawon lokaci har zuwa Disamba 2026. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Africa Energy |date=31 March 2021 |title=Rwanda: Nyabarongo II construction to begin next month |url=https://www.africa-energy.com/article/rwanda-nyabarongo-ii-construction-begin-next-month |access-date=29 Jun 2021 |website=Africa-Energy.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAfrica_Energy2021">Africa Energy (31 March 2021). [https://www.africa-energy.com/article/rwanda-nyabarongo-ii-construction-begin-next-month "Rwanda: Nyabarongo II construction to begin next month"]. ''Africa-Energy.com''. Hasstings, United Kingdom<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Kayayyakin more rayuwa masu alaƙa == Baya ga madatsar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki, Sinohydro tana ƙarƙashin kwangilar gina ababen more rayuwa masu zuwa, a matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan aikin: (a) gada a kan [[Kogin Nyabarongo]] (b) wurin canza kaya da kuma tashar samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin 110kV (c) layin watsawa mai ƙarfin 110kV wanda ya kai {{Convert|19|km|0}}, daga tashar wutar lantarki zuwa tashar samar da wutar lantarki a Rulindo, inda makamashi zai shiga tashar wutar lantarki ta ƙasa da kuma (d) hanya ta dindindin zuwa wurin da madatsar ruwa ke aiki. Duk wannan za a kammala shi cikin watanni 56. <ref name="5R" /> i1d9y1b548ezjpsa38jbc1vv1t4a4jn 843045 843044 2026-05-30T05:57:26Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843045 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din Nyabarongo II Multipurpose Dam''', madatsar ruwa ce mai dumbin yawa da ake ginawa a fadin [[kogin Nyabarongo]] a [[Ruwanda|kasar Ruwanda]] . Dam din zai auna {{Convert|48|m|0}}tsayin da {{Convert|228|m|0}} tsayi, ƙirƙirar ma'ajiyar ruwa mai ƙarfin ajiya na {{Convert|846000000|m3|liter}} . Ana kuma sa ran madatsar ruwan za ta samar da ruwan ban ruwa ga kimanin {{Convert|20000|ha|acre}} na ƙasa, a gefen wurin da madatsar ruwan take. Bugu da ƙari, madatsar ruwan za ta karɓi bakuncin '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Nyabarongo II''', tare da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na megawatts 43.5. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Africa Energy |date=31 March 2021 |title=Rwanda: Nyabarongo II construction to begin next month |url=https://www.africa-energy.com/article/rwanda-nyabarongo-ii-construction-begin-next-month |access-date=29 Jun 2021 |website=Africa-Energy.com}}</ref> <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NS Energy |date=2019 |title=Nyabarongo II Hydropower Project |url=https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/projects/nyabarongo-ii-hydropower-project/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=NS Energy Business}}</ref> == Wuri == Dam din Nyabarongo II yana kusa da garin Shyorongi, a gundumar Rulindo, a lardin Arewacin Ruwanda. Wannan kusan {{Convert|21|km|0}} arewa maso yammacin [[Kigali]], babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a wannan ƙasar. A watan Yunin 2018, gwamnatin Rwanda, ta hanyar ''Energy Development Corporation Limited'' (EDCL), wani reshe na Rwanda Energy Group (REG), ta amince da Sinohydro don gina wannan madatsar ruwa mai amfani da yawa don (a) adana ruwan ban ruwa (b) don daidaita ambaliyar ruwa a gefen wannan madatsar ruwa da kuma (c) samar da megawatts 43.5 na makamashin lantarki don ƙarawa zuwa ga tashar wutar lantarki ta ƙasa. <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=6 April 2019 |title=Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=Arik21.africa}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2019, an fayyace yarjejeniyoyin da ke tsakanin ɓangarorin. An bai wa Sinohydro aikin gina madatsar ruwa da kuma sanya sassan su yi aiki, ba daga baya ba sai a shekarar 2025. An amince da tsarin ginin da za a yi amfani da shi ya zama "gina, mallaka, aiki da canja wurin" (BOOT). An ware kasafin kuɗin aikin zuwa dala miliyan 214. <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=6 April 2019 |title=Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=Arik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJean_Marie_Takouleu2019">Jean Marie Takouleu (6 April 2019). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ "Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction"]. ''Arik21.africa''. Paris, France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Ana nufin tashar wutar lantarki ta Nyabarongo II don haɓaka {{Convert|28|MW}} Nyabarongo I Hydroelectric Power Station, sama daga Nyabarongo II. <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=6 April 2019 |title=Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=Arik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJean_Marie_Takouleu2019">Jean Marie Takouleu (6 April 2019). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ "Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction"]. ''Arik21.africa''. Paris, France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Ci gaba, kuɗi da kuma lokaci == An bai wa Sinohydro, kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa, injiniya da gine-gine mallakar gwamnatin kasar Sin kwangilar injiniya, sayayya, da gini, kan farashin dala miliyan 214. <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=6 April 2019 |title=Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=Arik21.africa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJean_Marie_Takouleu2019">Jean Marie Takouleu (6 April 2019). [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ "Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction"]. ''Arik21.africa''. Paris, France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Gwamnatin Rwanda ce ta ranci kudaden, daga Bankin Exim na China bisa sharuddan rangwame. <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=Hydropower & Dams |date=25 February 2020 |title=Rwanda signs financing agreement for Nyabarongo II project |url=https://www.hydropower-dams.com/news/rwanda-signs-financing-agreement-for-nyabarongo-ii-project/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=The International Journal On Hydropower & Dams}}</ref> An fara ginin ne a watan Afrilun 2021 kuma an tsara zai ɗauki tsawon lokaci har zuwa Disamba 2026. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Africa Energy |date=31 March 2021 |title=Rwanda: Nyabarongo II construction to begin next month |url=https://www.africa-energy.com/article/rwanda-nyabarongo-ii-construction-begin-next-month |access-date=29 Jun 2021 |website=Africa-Energy.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAfrica_Energy2021">Africa Energy (31 March 2021). [https://www.africa-energy.com/article/rwanda-nyabarongo-ii-construction-begin-next-month "Rwanda: Nyabarongo II construction to begin next month"]. ''Africa-Energy.com''. Hasstings, United Kingdom<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Kayayyakin more rayuwa masu alaƙa == Baya ga madatsar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki, Sinohydro tana ƙarƙashin kwangilar gina ababen more rayuwa masu zuwa, a matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan aikin: (a) gada a kan [[Kogin Nyabarongo]] (b) wurin canza kaya da kuma tashar samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin 110kV (c) layin watsawa mai ƙarfin 110kV wanda ya kai {{Convert|19|km|0}}, daga tashar wutar lantarki zuwa tashar samar da wutar lantarki a Rulindo, inda makamashi zai shiga tashar wutar lantarki ta ƙasa da kuma (d) hanya ta dindindin zuwa wurin da madatsar ruwa ke aiki. Duk wannan za a kammala shi cikin watanni 56. <ref name="5R" /> ==manqzartq== 3aeyonzwysogeg80wl6ygyby9rtm6cf 0 153308 843046 2026-05-30T05:58:30Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1181769955|Nyabarongo I Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 843046 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Nyabarongo I,''' {{Convert|28|MW}} tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa a [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarki tana a fadin [[Kogin Nyabarongo]], kusa da matsugunin ''Mushishiro'', gundumar Muhanga, a lardin Kudancin Rwanda. <ref>{{Cite web |last=The New Times |title=Nyabarongo Dam Located In Mushishiro Sector |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14364&a=32902 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140320215730/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14364&a=32902 |archive-date=20 March 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=}}</ref> Wannan wuri yana da nisan kimanin {{Convert|75|km|mi}}, ta hanya, kudu maso yammacin [[Kigali]], [[babban birni]] kuma birni mafi girma a Ruwanda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Road Distance Between Kigali And Mushishiro With Map |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Rwanda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kigali%20(Kigali)%20&toplace=Mushishiro%20(Gitarama)&fromlat=-1.9536111&tolat=-2.3&fromlng=30.0605556&tolng=29.65 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=}}</ref> Mushishiro yana kwance kusan {{Convert|35|km|mi}}, ta hanya, kudu da hedikwatar lardin a [[Muhanga|Gitarama]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Map Showing Gitarama And Mushishiro With Distance Marker |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Rwanda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Gitarama%20(Gitarama)%20&toplace=Mushishiro%20(Gitarama)&fromlat=-2.0744444&tolat=-2.3&fromlng=29.7566667&tolng=29.65 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=}}</ref> == Bayani == Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Nyabarongo I wata tashar samar da wutar lantarki ce ta ruwa a Rwanda, wadda aka kammala a watan Oktoban 2014, tare da ranar fara aiki a watan Nuwamban 2014. An kiyasta kudin shigar da wutar lantarkin ya kai dala miliyan 110, kuma an tsara aikin zai kai MW 28. Aikin ya kunshi madatsar ruwa, tare da tsarin kogi, a fadin Kogin Mwogo, daya daga cikin magudanan ruwa na [[Kogin Nyabarongo]] . Aikin, wanda Angelique International Limited da Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited na [[Indiya]] suka gudanar, shine mafi girman aikin samar da wutar lantarki a [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]], zuwa yanzu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter |date=22 October 2014 |title=Nyabarongo To Start Hydro Production In November |url=http://www.rwandaenergy.com/2014/10/nyabarongo-to-start-hydro-production-in-november/ |access-date=24 July 2015 |publisher=Rwanda Energy}}</ref> Naresh Kapoor Sr., Babban Manaja shine Babban Jami'in Ayyuka da Angelique International Limited na [[Indiya]] ya nada. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Frank Kanyesigye |date=26 July 2011 |title=Rwanda: Nyabarongo Hydro Project To Be Completed By 2014 |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201107261413.html |access-date=5 March 2015}}</ref> Wani ɓangare na aikin injiniyan an kuma ba shi kwangilar kamfanin Snowy Mountains Engineering Corporation (SMEC) na kasar Australia. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tiphomus Muyagu |date=24 March 2014 |title=Rwanda: Nyabarongo Hydro-Electric Plant to Significantly Boost Energy Supply |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201403260453.html |access-date=5 March 2015}}</ref> An haɗa dukkan na'urorin biyu zuwa layin wutar lantarki na Rwanda a ranakun 27 ga Oktoba 2014 da 30 ga Oktoba 2014. Gwamnatin Rwanda ta bai wa dan kwangilar wa'adin aiki a watan Oktoba 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ivan R. Mugisha |date=2 September 2014 |title=Nyabarongo Hydropower Contractor Given October Deadline |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2014-09-02/345/ |access-date=15 November 2014}}</ref> An kammala aikin tashar wutar lantarki kuma an mika ta ga abokin ciniki a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 2014. Shugaban Rwanda ne ya kaddamar da ita a hukumance a ranar 5 ga Maris 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Rwanda |date=6 March 2015 |title=Rwanda: President Kagame Inaugurates Nyabarongo I Hydro Plant to Power Economic Transformation |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201503201410.html |access-date=24 July 2015 |website=[[Government of Rwanda]]}}</ref> == Wasu abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su == Kayan aiki, da sauransu. na cikakken fakitin E&M na 2x14 MW Vertical Francis Hydro Generating Units a Nyaborongo HEP, Jamhuriyar Rwanda, Afirka. Kayan aikin FITWELL Power Projects wani kamfani na Indiya ne ke gudanar da shi a matsayin ƙaramin ɗan kwangila na BHEL. 5lw6tk56r0ooc69mcqrx5cfjd10zn81 843047 843046 2026-05-30T05:59:02Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Nyabarongo I,''' {{Convert|28|MW}} tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa a [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarki tana a fadin [[Kogin Nyabarongo]], kusa da matsugunin ''Mushishiro'', gundumar Muhanga, a lardin Kudancin Rwanda. <ref>{{Cite web |last=The New Times |title=Nyabarongo Dam Located In Mushishiro Sector |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14364&a=32902 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140320215730/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14364&a=32902 |archive-date=20 March 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=}}</ref> Wannan wuri yana da nisan kimanin {{Convert|75|km|mi}}, ta hanya, kudu maso yammacin [[Kigali]], [[babban birni]] kuma birni mafi girma a Ruwanda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Road Distance Between Kigali And Mushishiro With Map |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Rwanda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kigali%20(Kigali)%20&toplace=Mushishiro%20(Gitarama)&fromlat=-1.9536111&tolat=-2.3&fromlng=30.0605556&tolng=29.65 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=}}</ref> Mushishiro yana kwance kusan {{Convert|35|km|mi}}, ta hanya, kudu da hedikwatar lardin a [[Muhanga|Gitarama]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Map Showing Gitarama And Mushishiro With Distance Marker |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Rwanda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Gitarama%20(Gitarama)%20&toplace=Mushishiro%20(Gitarama)&fromlat=-2.0744444&tolat=-2.3&fromlng=29.7566667&tolng=29.65 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=}}</ref> == Bayani == Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Nyabarongo I wata tashar samar da wutar lantarki ce ta ruwa a Rwanda, wadda aka kammala a watan Oktoban 2014, tare da ranar fara aiki a watan Nuwamban 2014. An kiyasta kudin shigar da wutar lantarkin ya kai dala miliyan 110, kuma an tsara aikin zai kai MW 28. Aikin ya kunshi madatsar ruwa, tare da tsarin kogi, a fadin Kogin Mwogo, daya daga cikin magudanan ruwa na [[Kogin Nyabarongo]] . Aikin, wanda Angelique International Limited da Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited na [[Indiya]] suka gudanar, shine mafi girman aikin samar da wutar lantarki a [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]], zuwa yanzu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter |date=22 October 2014 |title=Nyabarongo To Start Hydro Production In November |url=http://www.rwandaenergy.com/2014/10/nyabarongo-to-start-hydro-production-in-november/ |access-date=24 July 2015 |publisher=Rwanda Energy}}</ref> Naresh Kapoor Sr., Babban Manaja shine Babban Jami'in Ayyuka da Angelique International Limited na [[Indiya]] ya nada. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Frank Kanyesigye |date=26 July 2011 |title=Rwanda: Nyabarongo Hydro Project To Be Completed By 2014 |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201107261413.html |access-date=5 March 2015}}</ref> Wani ɓangare na aikin injiniyan an kuma ba shi kwangilar kamfanin Snowy Mountains Engineering Corporation (SMEC) na kasar Australia. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tiphomus Muyagu |date=24 March 2014 |title=Rwanda: Nyabarongo Hydro-Electric Plant to Significantly Boost Energy Supply |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201403260453.html |access-date=5 March 2015}}</ref> An haɗa dukkan na'urorin biyu zuwa layin wutar lantarki na Rwanda a ranakun 27 ga Oktoba 2014 da 30 ga Oktoba 2014. Gwamnatin Rwanda ta bai wa dan kwangilar wa'adin aiki a watan Oktoba 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ivan R. Mugisha |date=2 September 2014 |title=Nyabarongo Hydropower Contractor Given October Deadline |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2014-09-02/345/ |access-date=15 November 2014}}</ref> An kammala aikin tashar wutar lantarki kuma an mika ta ga abokin ciniki a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 2014. Shugaban Rwanda ne ya kaddamar da ita a hukumance a ranar 5 ga Maris 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Rwanda |date=6 March 2015 |title=Rwanda: President Kagame Inaugurates Nyabarongo I Hydro Plant to Power Economic Transformation |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201503201410.html |access-date=24 July 2015 |website=[[Government of Rwanda]]}}</ref> == Wasu abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su == Kayan aiki, da sauransu. na cikakken fakitin E&M na 2x14 MW Vertical Francis Hydro Generating Units a Nyaborongo HEP, Jamhuriyar Rwanda, Afirka. Kayan aikin FITWELL Power Projects wani kamfani na Indiya ne ke gudanar da shi a matsayin ƙaramin ɗan kwangila na BHEL. ==manazartq== 9s0dyqc8gri79v0e2u3hj26h6gf7xet 0 153309 843048 2026-05-30T06:00:48Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1309312407|Rukarara Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 843048 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Rukarara Hydroelectric''' {{Convert|9.5|MW}} ce tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa a [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] . <ref name="Open">{{Cite web |last=David Malingha Doya |date=12 January 2011 |title=Rwanda Starts Operating Rukarara Hydropower Plant, Ministry Says |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2011-01-12/rwanda-starts-operating-rukarara-hydropower-plant-ministry-says |access-date=30 May 2016 |publisher=[[Bloomberg.com]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ntambara |first=Paul |date=22 September 2010 |title=Rwanda: Rukarara Hydropower Plant Nears Completion |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201009220162.html |access-date=30 May 2016}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarki tana kan kogin Rukarara, a gundumar Nyamagabe, a lardin Kudancin Rwanda, kimanin {{Convert|182|km|0}} kudu maso yammacin [[Kigali]], babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GFC |date=30 May 2016 |title=Distance between Nyamagabe, Southern Province, Rwanda and Kigali, Rwanda |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Rwanda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Nyamagabe%2C%20Southern%20Province%2C%20Rwanda&toplace=Kigali%2C%20Rwanda%2C&dt1=ChIJo3PUuzoawxkRUT6iM5nqPm4&dt2=ChIJl-fYjiWk3BkRyAsdQaU2K_M |access-date=30 May 2016 |publisher=Globefeed.com (GFC)}}</ref> == Bayani == An gina tashar wutar lantarki mai karfin MW 9.6 a matakai da dama. An kammala mataki na farko, mai karfin MW 6.9, a shekarar 2011. An kammala mataki na biyu, mai karfin MW 2.2 a shekarar 2014. Kudin gina dukkan tashar wutar lantarki ya kai dala miliyan 13.12, tare da tallafin gwamnatin Rwanda, [[Tarayyar Turai]] da [https://www.btcctb.org/en/ Hukumar Raya Kasa ta Belgium] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=HWC |date=27 June 2014 |title=Rwanda completes 2.2 MW Rukarara II small hydropower project |url=http://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2014/06/rwanda-complete-2-2-mw-rukarara-2-small-hydropower-project.html |access-date=30 May 2016 |publisher=Hydroworld.com (HWC)}}</ref> == Wasu abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su == Ana fitar da wutar lantarkin da ake samarwa ta hanyar sabon tashar jiragen ruwa a Rukarara da kuma ta hanyar sabon layin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin lantarki daga Rukarara zuwa Kirinda. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2012 |title=OPEC fund for Rwanda power project |url=http://www.africanreview.com/energy-a-power/transmission/opec-fund-for-rwanda-power-project |access-date=30 May 2016}}</ref> 0f0yxsnhcb3bpytsxyfj1mhmn7pt7cc 843049 843048 2026-05-30T06:01:12Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843049 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Rukarara Hydroelectric''' {{Convert|9.5|MW}} ce tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa a [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] . <ref name="Open">{{Cite web |last=David Malingha Doya |date=12 January 2011 |title=Rwanda Starts Operating Rukarara Hydropower Plant, Ministry Says |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2011-01-12/rwanda-starts-operating-rukarara-hydropower-plant-ministry-says |access-date=30 May 2016 |publisher=[[Bloomberg.com]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ntambara |first=Paul |date=22 September 2010 |title=Rwanda: Rukarara Hydropower Plant Nears Completion |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201009220162.html |access-date=30 May 2016}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarki tana kan kogin Rukarara, a gundumar Nyamagabe, a lardin Kudancin Rwanda, kimanin {{Convert|182|km|0}} kudu maso yammacin [[Kigali]], babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GFC |date=30 May 2016 |title=Distance between Nyamagabe, Southern Province, Rwanda and Kigali, Rwanda |url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Rwanda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Nyamagabe%2C%20Southern%20Province%2C%20Rwanda&toplace=Kigali%2C%20Rwanda%2C&dt1=ChIJo3PUuzoawxkRUT6iM5nqPm4&dt2=ChIJl-fYjiWk3BkRyAsdQaU2K_M |access-date=30 May 2016 |publisher=Globefeed.com (GFC)}}</ref> == Bayani == An gina tashar wutar lantarki mai karfin MW 9.6 a matakai da dama. An kammala mataki na farko, mai karfin MW 6.9, a shekarar 2011. An kammala mataki na biyu, mai karfin MW 2.2 a shekarar 2014. Kudin gina dukkan tashar wutar lantarki ya kai dala miliyan 13.12, tare da tallafin gwamnatin Rwanda, [[Tarayyar Turai]] da [https://www.btcctb.org/en/ Hukumar Raya Kasa ta Belgium] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=HWC |date=27 June 2014 |title=Rwanda completes 2.2 MW Rukarara II small hydropower project |url=http://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2014/06/rwanda-complete-2-2-mw-rukarara-2-small-hydropower-project.html |access-date=30 May 2016 |publisher=Hydroworld.com (HWC)}}</ref> == Wasu abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su == Ana fitar da wutar lantarkin da ake samarwa ta hanyar sabon tashar jiragen ruwa a Rukarara da kuma ta hanyar sabon layin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin lantarki daga Rukarara zuwa Kirinda. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2012 |title=OPEC fund for Rwanda power project |url=http://www.africanreview.com/energy-a-power/transmission/opec-fund-for-rwanda-power-project |access-date=30 May 2016}}</ref> ==manazarta== 5yvaos1evqfqwgfp2dhpc8ke3ef3zgp 0 153310 843051 2026-05-30T06:03:11Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1289351474|Rusumo Hydroelectric Power Station]]" 843051 wikitext text/x-wiki Rusumo '''Hydroelectric Power Station''' ( Kinyarwanda Rusumo, French ), wanda kuma aka sani da '''Rusumo Power Station''', wani kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki ne mai aiki a cikin ruwa, wanda ke da ƙarfin farko na {{Convert|80|MW}} . Aikin ya ƙunshi gina madatsar ruwa, tare da tsarin kogi . {{Convert|90|MW}}An yi la'akari da ƙirar ma'ajiyar ruwa kafin a yi watsi da ita don tallafawa aikin MW 80 tare da ƙaramin tasirin muhalli da kuma kimanin kuɗin da aka kiyasta ya kai dala miliyan 300 idan aka kwatanta da dala miliyan 400 na Amurka don babban aikin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Edwin Musoni |date=12 March 2012 |title=Rusumo Hydropower To Generate 80MW |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2012-03-12/50441/ |access-date=8 April 2016 |website=[[New Times (Rwanda)]]}}</ref> Bankin Duniya ya sanar a ranar 6 ga Agusta 2013 cewa ya amince da rancen da ya kai dala miliyan 340 ga dala miliyan 468.60 da ake bukata don aikin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 August 2013 |title=World Bank Approves Rusumo Falls Hydropower Plant |url=http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2013/08/06/world-bank-approves-rusumo-falls-hydropower-plant?cid=EXT_TWBN_D_EXT |access-date=18 February 2015 |website=[[World Bank]]}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba 2013, [[Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka|Bankin Raya Afirka]] ya amince da rancen dala miliyan 113 don kammala aikin. <ref name="African">{{Cite web |date=27 November 2013 |title=Rwanda's 80 Megawatt Rusumo Falls Hydropower Project Receives $113 Million |url=http://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2013/11/rusomo-falls-hydropower-project-receives-113-million.html |access-date=18 February 2015 |website=Hydroworld.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=AfDB |date=27 November 2013 |title=AfDB Board Commits US$113 Million to Regional Rusumo Falls Hydropower Project |url=http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/afdb-board-commits-us-113-million-to-regional-rusumo-falls-hydropower-project-12610/ |access-date=18 February 2015 |website=[[African Development Bank]] (AfDB)}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarkin tana kan [[kogin Kagera]], kusa da kan iyakar Rwanda da [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] kuma tana da nisan kimanin {{Convert|2|km|mi}} ƙasan wurin da ƙasashen biyu ke raba kan iyaka da [[Burundi]] . Aikin yana nan a [[Faɗuwar ruwan Rusumo|Rusumo Falls]], kusa da garin Rusumo, kimanin {{Convert|164.5|km}}, ta hanya, kudu maso gabashin [[Kigali]], babban birnin kuma mafi girma a Rwanda. Ruwan Rusumo yana da nisan kimanin {{Convert|61|km}}, ta hanya, kudu maso gabashin hedikwatar lardin a Kibungo, a gundumar Ngoma. Kimanin daidaitattun tashoshin wutar lantarki sune: 02°22'47.0"S, 30°47'09.0"E (Latitude:-2.379722; Longitude:30.785833). == Wasu abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su == An gudanar da bikin gina tashar wutar lantarki a Ngara, a yankin Tanzaniya a ranar 30 ga Maris, 2017, wanda jami'an gwamnati daga ƙasashe uku masu cin gajiyar wannan aiki suka halarta; dukkansu membobin [[Al'ummar Gabashin Afirka|ƙungiyar Gabashin Afirka ta Yamma ne]] . Kamfanin Rusumo Power Company Limited (RPCL), wani kamfanin kera motoci na musamman, mallakar ƙasashen uku. <ref name="11R">{{Cite web |date=30 March 2017 |title=Rwanda, Tanzania, Burundi start construction of Rusumo Dam |url=https://www.independent.co.ug/rwanda-tanzania-burundi-start-construction-rusumo-dam/ |access-date=21 May 2018 |website=[[The Independent (Uganda)]]}}</ref> An zaɓi 'yan kwangila biyu don wannan aiki. Haɗin gwiwa tsakanin CGCOC Group da Jiangxi Water & Hydropower Construction Company Limited ne ke da alhakin ayyukan farar hula, yayin da ANDRITZ Hydro daga Jamus da Indiya ke da alhakin ayyukan lantarki. <ref name="11R" /> == Ci gaba == A watan Nuwamba na 2016, an sanya hannu kan kwangiloli biyu da suka share fagen gina tashar wutar lantarki a Kigali, Rwanda. Kwangilar farko ta kasance tsakanin Rusumo Power Company Limited da wani kamfanin kwangila wanda ya hada da hadin gwiwa da ya kunshi CGCOC Group Limited da Jiangxi Water & Hydropower Construction Company Limited. Wannan kwangilar ta tanadar da ayyukan gwamnati, ciki har da samar da kayan aikin injina na ruwa da kuma sanya su. <ref name="Sign">{{Cite web |last=Diane Mushimiyimana |date=11 November 2016 |title=Rusumo power project construction a step closer |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-11-11/205253/ |access-date=15 November 2016 |website=[[New Times (Rwanda)]]}}</ref> An sanya hannu kan kwangila ta biyu tsakanin Rusumo Power Company Limited da wani kamfani, ciki har da Rusumo Falls Andritz Hydro GmbH na [[Jamus]] da Andritz Hydro PVT Limited na [[Indiya]], don gudanar da ayyukan lantarki da na injiniya don samar da wutar lantarki. <ref name="Sign">{{Cite web |last=Diane Mushimiyimana |date=11 November 2016 |title=Rusumo power project construction a step closer |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-11-11/205253/ |access-date=15 November 2016 |website=[[New Times (Rwanda)]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDiane_Mushimiyimana2016">Diane Mushimiyimana (11 November 2016). </cite></ref> Ya zuwa watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2016, an yi hasashen cewa za a kashe dala miliyan 340 wajen aikin, wanda Bankin Duniya zai dauki nauyinsa. An yi hasashen cewa layukan wutar lantarki guda uku masu karfin lantarki da za su kwashe wutar lantarki da ake samarwa za su kashe dala miliyan 121, wanda Bankin Raya Afirka ya dauki nauyinsa. An shirya fara aikin ginin a watan Janairun shekarar 2017. <ref name="Sign">{{Cite web |last=Diane Mushimiyimana |date=11 November 2016 |title=Rusumo power project construction a step closer |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-11-11/205253/ |access-date=15 November 2016 |website=[[New Times (Rwanda)]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDiane_Mushimiyimana2016">Diane Mushimiyimana (11 November 2016). </cite></ref> == Gine-gine == An gudanar da bikin gina tashar wutar lantarki a Ngara, a yankin Tanzaniya a ranar 30 ga Maris, 2017, wanda jami'an gwamnati daga ƙasashe uku masu cin gajiyar wannan aiki suka halarta; dukkansu membobin [[Al'ummar Gabashin Afirka|ƙungiyar Gabashin Afirka ta Yamma ne]] . Kamfanin Rusumo Power Company Limited (RPCL), wani kamfanin kera motoci na musamman, mallakar ƙasashen uku. <ref name="11R" /> An zaɓi 'yan kwangila biyu don wannan aiki. Haɗin gwiwa tsakanin CGCOC Group da Jiangxi Water & Hydropower Construction Company Limited ne ke da alhakin ayyukan farar hula, yayin da ANDRITZ Hydro daga Jamus da Indiya ke da alhakin ayyukan lantarki. <ref name="11R" /> 9d0rcf5ntj01xnmxgawvdp0zonez8ar 843052 843051 2026-05-30T06:03:34Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 843052 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Rusumo '''Hydroelectric Power Station''' ( Kinyarwanda Rusumo, French ), wanda kuma aka sani da '''Rusumo Power Station''', wani kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki ne mai aiki a cikin ruwa, wanda ke da ƙarfin farko na {{Convert|80|MW}} . Aikin ya ƙunshi gina madatsar ruwa, tare da tsarin kogi . {{Convert|90|MW}}An yi la'akari da ƙirar ma'ajiyar ruwa kafin a yi watsi da ita don tallafawa aikin MW 80 tare da ƙaramin tasirin muhalli da kuma kimanin kuɗin da aka kiyasta ya kai dala miliyan 300 idan aka kwatanta da dala miliyan 400 na Amurka don babban aikin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Edwin Musoni |date=12 March 2012 |title=Rusumo Hydropower To Generate 80MW |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2012-03-12/50441/ |access-date=8 April 2016 |website=[[New Times (Rwanda)]]}}</ref> Bankin Duniya ya sanar a ranar 6 ga Agusta 2013 cewa ya amince da rancen da ya kai dala miliyan 340 ga dala miliyan 468.60 da ake bukata don aikin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 August 2013 |title=World Bank Approves Rusumo Falls Hydropower Plant |url=http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2013/08/06/world-bank-approves-rusumo-falls-hydropower-plant?cid=EXT_TWBN_D_EXT |access-date=18 February 2015 |website=[[World Bank]]}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba 2013, [[Bankin Ci Gaban Afirka|Bankin Raya Afirka]] ya amince da rancen dala miliyan 113 don kammala aikin. <ref name="African">{{Cite web |date=27 November 2013 |title=Rwanda's 80 Megawatt Rusumo Falls Hydropower Project Receives $113 Million |url=http://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2013/11/rusomo-falls-hydropower-project-receives-113-million.html |access-date=18 February 2015 |website=Hydroworld.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=AfDB |date=27 November 2013 |title=AfDB Board Commits US$113 Million to Regional Rusumo Falls Hydropower Project |url=http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/afdb-board-commits-us-113-million-to-regional-rusumo-falls-hydropower-project-12610/ |access-date=18 February 2015 |website=[[African Development Bank]] (AfDB)}}</ref> == Wuri == Tashar wutar lantarkin tana kan [[kogin Kagera]], kusa da kan iyakar Rwanda da [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] kuma tana da nisan kimanin {{Convert|2|km|mi}} ƙasan wurin da ƙasashen biyu ke raba kan iyaka da [[Burundi]] . Aikin yana nan a [[Faɗuwar ruwan Rusumo|Rusumo Falls]], kusa da garin Rusumo, kimanin {{Convert|164.5|km}}, ta hanya, kudu maso gabashin [[Kigali]], babban birnin kuma mafi girma a Rwanda. Ruwan Rusumo yana da nisan kimanin {{Convert|61|km}}, ta hanya, kudu maso gabashin hedikwatar lardin a Kibungo, a gundumar Ngoma. Kimanin daidaitattun tashoshin wutar lantarki sune: 02°22'47.0"S, 30°47'09.0"E (Latitude:-2.379722; Longitude:30.785833). == Wasu abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su == An gudanar da bikin gina tashar wutar lantarki a Ngara, a yankin Tanzaniya a ranar 30 ga Maris, 2017, wanda jami'an gwamnati daga ƙasashe uku masu cin gajiyar wannan aiki suka halarta; dukkansu membobin [[Al'ummar Gabashin Afirka|ƙungiyar Gabashin Afirka ta Yamma ne]] . Kamfanin Rusumo Power Company Limited (RPCL), wani kamfanin kera motoci na musamman, mallakar ƙasashen uku. <ref name="11R">{{Cite web |date=30 March 2017 |title=Rwanda, Tanzania, Burundi start construction of Rusumo Dam |url=https://www.independent.co.ug/rwanda-tanzania-burundi-start-construction-rusumo-dam/ |access-date=21 May 2018 |website=[[The Independent (Uganda)]]}}</ref> An zaɓi 'yan kwangila biyu don wannan aiki. Haɗin gwiwa tsakanin CGCOC Group da Jiangxi Water & Hydropower Construction Company Limited ne ke da alhakin ayyukan farar hula, yayin da ANDRITZ Hydro daga Jamus da Indiya ke da alhakin ayyukan lantarki. <ref name="11R" /> == Ci gaba == A watan Nuwamba na 2016, an sanya hannu kan kwangiloli biyu da suka share fagen gina tashar wutar lantarki a Kigali, Rwanda. Kwangilar farko ta kasance tsakanin Rusumo Power Company Limited da wani kamfanin kwangila wanda ya hada da hadin gwiwa da ya kunshi CGCOC Group Limited da Jiangxi Water & Hydropower Construction Company Limited. Wannan kwangilar ta tanadar da ayyukan gwamnati, ciki har da samar da kayan aikin injina na ruwa da kuma sanya su. <ref name="Sign">{{Cite web |last=Diane Mushimiyimana |date=11 November 2016 |title=Rusumo power project construction a step closer |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-11-11/205253/ |access-date=15 November 2016 |website=[[New Times (Rwanda)]]}}</ref> An sanya hannu kan kwangila ta biyu tsakanin Rusumo Power Company Limited da wani kamfani, ciki har da Rusumo Falls Andritz Hydro GmbH na [[Jamus]] da Andritz Hydro PVT Limited na [[Indiya]], don gudanar da ayyukan lantarki da na injiniya don samar da wutar lantarki. <ref name="Sign">{{Cite web |last=Diane Mushimiyimana |date=11 November 2016 |title=Rusumo power project construction a step closer |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-11-11/205253/ |access-date=15 November 2016 |website=[[New Times (Rwanda)]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDiane_Mushimiyimana2016">Diane Mushimiyimana (11 November 2016). </cite></ref> Ya zuwa watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2016, an yi hasashen cewa za a kashe dala miliyan 340 wajen aikin, wanda Bankin Duniya zai dauki nauyinsa. An yi hasashen cewa layukan wutar lantarki guda uku masu karfin lantarki da za su kwashe wutar lantarki da ake samarwa za su kashe dala miliyan 121, wanda Bankin Raya Afirka ya dauki nauyinsa. An shirya fara aikin ginin a watan Janairun shekarar 2017. <ref name="Sign">{{Cite web |last=Diane Mushimiyimana |date=11 November 2016 |title=Rusumo power project construction a step closer |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-11-11/205253/ |access-date=15 November 2016 |website=[[New Times (Rwanda)]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDiane_Mushimiyimana2016">Diane Mushimiyimana (11 November 2016). </cite></ref> == Gine-gine == An gudanar da bikin gina tashar wutar lantarki a Ngara, a yankin Tanzaniya a ranar 30 ga Maris, 2017, wanda jami'an gwamnati daga ƙasashe uku masu cin gajiyar wannan aiki suka halarta; dukkansu membobin [[Al'ummar Gabashin Afirka|ƙungiyar Gabashin Afirka ta Yamma ne]] . Kamfanin Rusumo Power Company Limited (RPCL), wani kamfanin kera motoci na musamman, mallakar ƙasashen uku. <ref name="11R" /> An zaɓi 'yan kwangila biyu don wannan aiki. Haɗin gwiwa tsakanin CGCOC Group da Jiangxi Water & Hydropower Construction Company Limited ne ke da alhakin ayyukan farar hula, yayin da ANDRITZ Hydro daga Jamus da Indiya ke da alhakin ayyukan lantarki. <ref name="11R" /> ==manqzarta== 7f2y51rz8jr71stq0rke24u40cy29fv 0 153311 843060 2026-05-30T06:15:50Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348490172|Albertine Rift montane forests]]" 843060 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Garin [[Kyautar Albertine|Albertine Rift]]''' ([[Faransanci]]: Forêts montagnardes du Rift Albertin) yanki ne mai zafi mai laushi a gabashin tsakiyar Afirka. Yankin ya rufe tsaunuka na arewacin Albertine Rift, kuma gida ne ga gandun daji na Afromontane daban-daban tare da bambancin halittu.<ref name="ecomap">{{Cite web |title=Map of Ecoregions 2017 |url=https://ecoregions2017.appspot.com/ |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=Resolve |language=en}}</ref><ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Albertine Rift montane forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Albertine_Rift_montane_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> == Yanayin ƙasa == Babban gandun daji na tsaunuka sun rufe yankunan yammacin [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] da [[Burundi]], gefen gabashin [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], da kuma yankunan yammaci na [[Uganda]] da [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]]. Wannan yanki yana zaune a kan tsaunukan Albertine Rift da ke kewaye da reshen yammacin Rift na Gabashin Afirka. Duwatsun sun haɗa da Lendu Plateau na [[Uganda]] (kusan an share gandun daji gaba ɗaya daga nan), da Dutsen Virunga da Dutsen Rwenzori na [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]], Uganda, da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]]. A mafi girman tsaunuka na Rwenzori da Virunga (sama da mita 3000), gandun daji sun sauya zuwa Yankin AfroAlpine Rwenzuri-Virunga, gami da tsaunuka masu tsawo na Dutsen Stanley da Dutsen Karisimbi. Mafi girman tudu a Burundi, Dutsen Heha duk da haka yana cikin wannan yankin. === Yankunan birane da ƙauyuka === Yankunan da suka ci gaba da zama a yankin sun hada da: * Uganda - garin kasuwa na Fort Portal, tushe don kallon chimpanzees a Kibale National Park, da kuma cibiyar ziyartar tsaunukan Ruwenzori zuwa arewa. * Rwanda - [[Ruhengeri]] (kusa da Volcanoes National Park, da kuma Lake Kivu garuruwan Gisenyi, Kibuye (don jiragen ruwa zuwa [[Napoleon Island|Tsibirin Napoleon]] a cikin tafkin, da [[Cyangugu]], tushe don kallon primates a cikin Nyungwe Forest. * Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo - biranen Lake Kivu na [[Goma (birni)|Goma]], a gaban Gisenyi da tushe don ziyartar Virunga National Park) da [[Bukavu]], a gaban Cyangugu da kusa da Kahuzi-Biéga National Park, wanda shine gida ga gorillas na dutse amma yana cikin haɗari saboda rikici a yankin (duba Yaƙin Kongo na Biyu). * Burundi - garuruwan arewa maso yammacin Cibitoke da Bubanza da ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata, da kuma kudancin birnin Bururi inda Bururi Forest Nature Reserve ke adana wasu daga cikin gandun daji na Afromontane. == Tsire-tsire da dabbobi == Duwatsun ruwan sama na yankin suna da yanayi mai sanyi fiye da gandun daji na Kongo ko savanna na Uganda, Rwanda da Burundi, sabili da haka suna da wadataccen nau'ikan Afromontane da musamman fauna. An haɗa gandun daji na Albertine Rift a cikin jerin kiyayewa na Duniya 200. [[Fayil:Albertine_Rift,_East_African_Rift_(artificial_rendering).jpg|alt=Computer generated oblique view from space showing lakes and mountain ranges|thumb|Rashin taimako na Albertine Rift, kallon arewa daga [[Tafkin Tanganyika]]]] Gorilla na dutse mai ban sha'awa (''Gorilla beringei beringei'') ya tsira ne kawai a cikin wannan yankin kamar yadda biri na L'Hoest, da kuma nau'ikan biri na Hamlyn − da kuma nau-nau'ikan butterflies da tsuntsaye da suka hada da: Grauer's warblers, Chapin's flycatchers, da Rwenzori turaco. Tsuntsu mai ƙuƙwalwa na Lendu Plateau yana da alaƙa da wannan yanayin a cikin yankin ecoregion. == Karewa == Yawancin gandun daji an riga an share su don noma ko don katako, musamman a cikin Rwanda da Burundi masu yawan jama'a, amma manyan wuraren gandun daji har yanzu suna cikin gandun daji da kuma tsaunuka masu tsawo a cikin [[Tsaunukan Virunga|Virunga]], Itombwe, da Rwenzori Ranges. Gudanar da gandun daji yana ci gaba kuma babbar barazana ce ga yanayin muhalli na yankin, da kuma gandun daji a matsayin muhimmiyar ajiyar carbon.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cuni-Sanchez |first=Aida |last2=Sullivan |first2=Martin J. P. |last3=Platts |first3=Philip J. |last4=Lewis |first4=Simon L. |last5=Marchant |first5=Rob |last6=Imani |first6=Gérard |last7=Hubau |first7=Wannes |last8=Abiem |first8=Iveren |last9=Adhikari |first9=Hari |last10=Albrecht |first10=Tomas |last11=Altman |first11=Jan |date=2021-08-25 |title=High aboveground carbon stock of African tropical montane forests |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03728-4.epdf?sharing_token=bEqkRzgN33GRS15EArVbQ9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0NrP20v6tBYDXQx4YD3p4C_dUvqpqn22LnJwEyOGgD2loZqhnO_vOkXwECa6hZtic2kTEfvE4_nj7iQ64uteejvRwq0pqhS8_it9sTpvQkmKWDt2Bg7dc2LY7mxcLBuWIlOchgDKxKsdv5F7mynlaeIuV_9AWCL8gS_lLskAY_JW-qswzNp56qzXW3rzv1FI_w=&tracking_referrer=www.derstandard.de |url-status=bot: unknown |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=596 |issue=7873 |pages=536–542 |doi=10.1038/s41586-021-03728-4 |issn=0028-0836 |pmid=34433947 |s2cid=237307786 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907133303/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03728-4.epdf?sharing_token=bEqkRzgN33GRS15EArVbQ9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0NrP20v6tBYDXQx4YD3p4C_dUvqpqn22LnJwEyOGgD2loZqhnO_vOkXwECa6hZtic2kTEfvE4_nj7iQ64uteejvRwq0pqhS8_it9sTpvQkmKWDt2Bg7dc2LY7mxcLBuWIlOchgDKxKsdv5F7mynlaeIuV_9AWCL8gS_lLskAY_JW-qswzNp56qzXW3rzv1FI_w=&tracking_referrer=www.derstandard.de |archive-date=2021-09-07 |access-date=2021-09-07 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Rikicin siyasa da tarihin 'yan tawaye na yankin a cikin 'yan kwanakin nan ya kuma haifar da lalacewar ma'aunin muhalli, alal misali kusan kawar da yawan giwaye na Afirka daga Virunga National Park a cikin DRC. === Yankunan da aka kare === 11.93% na yankin yana cikin wuraren da aka kiyaye. Yankunan da aka kare sun hada da: * Gidan Tsaro na Bururi, Burundi * Gidan shakatawa na Bwindi Impenetrable, Uganda * Gishwati-Mukura National Park, Rwanda * Gidan shakatawa na Kahuzi-Biéga, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * [[Kazinga Wildlife Sanctuary|Gidan Tsaro na Kazinga]], Uganda * Gidan shakatawa na Kibale, Uganda * Gidan shakatawa na Kibira, Burundi * Kisimba Ikobo Primate Nature Reserve, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * Kyambura Wildlife Reserve, Uganda * Gidan shakatawa na Mahale Mountains, Tanzania * [[Filin shakatawa na Mgahinga Gorilla|Gidan shakatawa na Mgahinga Gorilla]], Uganda * [[Monge Forest Nature Reserve|Gidan Tsaro na Monge Forest]], Burundi * Gidan shakatawa na Nyungwe, Rwanda * [[Rusizi National Reserve|Gidan shakatawa na Rusizi]], Burundi * Gidan shakatawa na Rwenzori, Uganda * Gidan shakatawa na Sarauniya Elizabeth, Uganda * [[Semuliki National Park|Gidan shakatawa na Semuliki]], Uganda * [[Tayna Nature Reserve]], Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * Gidan kare namun daji na Toro-Semliki, Uganda * [[Filin shakatawa na Virunga|Gidan shakatawa na Virunga]], Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * Gidan shakatawa na Volcanoes, Rwanda == Wasanni == Ayyukan baƙi a cikin mazaunan yankin sun haɗa da: * yana kallo a cikin murabba'in kilomita 434 (168 mi2) Yankin Kula da Virunga (VCA) na Dutsen Virunga, wanda ya haɗa da: :* Gidan shakatawa na Bwindi Impenetrable a Uganda. :* [[Filin shakatawa na Virunga|Gidan shakatawa na Virunga]] a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo . :* Gidan shakatawa na Volcanoes a Rwanda - tsohon tushe na masanin ilimin dabbobi Dian Fossey . * Gidan shakatawa na Kibale a Uganda. * Gudun tafiya a cikin tsaunukan Rwenzori, da kuma cikin Ruwenzori Mountains National Park. == Manazarta == 60m1hogba0umt39ngn90jgevhayauna 843061 843060 2026-05-30T06:16:20Z Pharouqenr 25549 843061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Garin [[Kyautar Albertine|Albertine Rift]]''' ([[Faransanci]]: Forêts montagnardes du Rift Albertin) yanki ne mai zafi mai laushi a gabashin tsakiyar Afirka. Yankin ya rufe tsaunuka na arewacin Albertine Rift, kuma gida ne ga gandun daji na Afromontane daban-daban tare da bambancin halittu.<ref name="ecomap">{{Cite web |title=Map of Ecoregions 2017 |url=https://ecoregions2017.appspot.com/ |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=Resolve |language=en}}</ref><ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Albertine Rift montane forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Albertine_Rift_montane_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> == Yanayin ƙasa == Babban gandun daji na tsaunuka sun rufe yankunan yammacin [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] da [[Burundi]], gefen gabashin [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], da kuma yankunan yammaci na [[Uganda]] da [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]]. Wannan yanki yana zaune a kan tsaunukan Albertine Rift da ke kewaye da reshen yammacin Rift na Gabashin Afirka. Duwatsun sun haɗa da Lendu Plateau na [[Uganda]] (kusan an share gandun daji gaba ɗaya daga nan), da Dutsen Virunga da Dutsen Rwenzori na [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]], Uganda, da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]]. A mafi girman tsaunuka na Rwenzori da Virunga (sama da mita 3000), gandun daji sun sauya zuwa Yankin AfroAlpine Rwenzuri-Virunga, gami da tsaunuka masu tsawo na Dutsen Stanley da Dutsen Karisimbi. Mafi girman tudu a Burundi, Dutsen Heha duk da haka yana cikin wannan yankin. === Yankunan birane da ƙauyuka === Yankunan da suka ci gaba da zama a yankin sun hada da: * Uganda - garin kasuwa na Fort Portal, tushe don kallon chimpanzees a Kibale National Park, da kuma cibiyar ziyartar tsaunukan Ruwenzori zuwa arewa. * Rwanda - [[Ruhengeri]] (kusa da Volcanoes National Park, da kuma Lake Kivu garuruwan Gisenyi, Kibuye (don jiragen ruwa zuwa [[Napoleon Island|Tsibirin Napoleon]] a cikin tafkin, da [[Cyangugu]], tushe don kallon primates a cikin Nyungwe Forest. * Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo - biranen Lake Kivu na [[Goma (birni)|Goma]], a gaban Gisenyi da tushe don ziyartar Virunga National Park) da [[Bukavu]], a gaban Cyangugu da kusa da Kahuzi-Biéga National Park, wanda shine gida ga gorillas na dutse amma yana cikin haɗari saboda rikici a yankin (duba Yaƙin Kongo na Biyu). * Burundi - garuruwan arewa maso yammacin Cibitoke da Bubanza da ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata, da kuma kudancin birnin Bururi inda Bururi Forest Nature Reserve ke adana wasu daga cikin gandun daji na Afromontane. == Tsire-tsire da dabbobi == Duwatsun ruwan sama na yankin suna da yanayi mai sanyi fiye da gandun daji na Kongo ko savanna na Uganda, Rwanda da Burundi, sabili da haka suna da wadataccen nau'ikan Afromontane da musamman fauna. An haɗa gandun daji na Albertine Rift a cikin jerin kiyayewa na Duniya 200. [[Fayil:Albertine_Rift,_East_African_Rift_(artificial_rendering).jpg|alt=Computer generated oblique view from space showing lakes and mountain ranges|thumb|Rashin taimako na Albertine Rift, kallon arewa daga [[Tafkin Tanganyika]]]] Gorilla na dutse mai ban sha'awa (''Gorilla beringei beringei'') ya tsira ne kawai a cikin wannan yankin kamar yadda biri na L'Hoest, da kuma nau'ikan biri na Hamlyn − da kuma nau-nau'ikan butterflies da tsuntsaye da suka hada da: Grauer's warblers, Chapin's flycatchers, da Rwenzori turaco. Tsuntsu mai ƙuƙwalwa na Lendu Plateau yana da alaƙa da wannan yanayin a cikin yankin ecoregion. == Karewa == Yawancin gandun daji an riga an share su don noma ko don katako, musamman a cikin Rwanda da Burundi masu yawan jama'a, amma manyan wuraren gandun daji har yanzu suna cikin gandun daji da kuma tsaunuka masu tsawo a cikin [[Tsaunukan Virunga|Virunga]], Itombwe, da Rwenzori Ranges. Gudanar da gandun daji yana ci gaba kuma babbar barazana ce ga yanayin muhalli na yankin, da kuma gandun daji a matsayin muhimmiyar ajiyar carbon.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cuni-Sanchez |first=Aida |last2=Sullivan |first2=Martin J. P. |last3=Platts |first3=Philip J. |last4=Lewis |first4=Simon L. |last5=Marchant |first5=Rob |last6=Imani |first6=Gérard |last7=Hubau |first7=Wannes |last8=Abiem |first8=Iveren |last9=Adhikari |first9=Hari |last10=Albrecht |first10=Tomas |last11=Altman |first11=Jan |date=2021-08-25 |title=High aboveground carbon stock of African tropical montane forests |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03728-4.epdf?sharing_token=bEqkRzgN33GRS15EArVbQ9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0NrP20v6tBYDXQx4YD3p4C_dUvqpqn22LnJwEyOGgD2loZqhnO_vOkXwECa6hZtic2kTEfvE4_nj7iQ64uteejvRwq0pqhS8_it9sTpvQkmKWDt2Bg7dc2LY7mxcLBuWIlOchgDKxKsdv5F7mynlaeIuV_9AWCL8gS_lLskAY_JW-qswzNp56qzXW3rzv1FI_w=&tracking_referrer=www.derstandard.de |url-status=bot: unknown |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=596 |issue=7873 |pages=536–542 |doi=10.1038/s41586-021-03728-4 |issn=0028-0836 |pmid=34433947 |s2cid=237307786 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907133303/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03728-4.epdf?sharing_token=bEqkRzgN33GRS15EArVbQ9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0NrP20v6tBYDXQx4YD3p4C_dUvqpqn22LnJwEyOGgD2loZqhnO_vOkXwECa6hZtic2kTEfvE4_nj7iQ64uteejvRwq0pqhS8_it9sTpvQkmKWDt2Bg7dc2LY7mxcLBuWIlOchgDKxKsdv5F7mynlaeIuV_9AWCL8gS_lLskAY_JW-qswzNp56qzXW3rzv1FI_w=&tracking_referrer=www.derstandard.de |archive-date=2021-09-07 |access-date=2021-09-07 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Rikicin siyasa da tarihin 'yan tawaye na yankin a cikin 'yan kwanakin nan ya kuma haifar da lalacewar ma'aunin muhalli, alal misali kusan kawar da yawan giwaye na Afirka daga Virunga National Park a cikin DRC. === Yankunan da aka kare === 11.93% na yankin yana cikin wuraren da aka kiyaye. Yankunan da aka kare sun hada da: * Gidan Tsaro na Bururi, Burundi * Gidan shakatawa na Bwindi Impenetrable, Uganda * Gishwati-Mukura National Park, Rwanda * Gidan shakatawa na Kahuzi-Biéga, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * [[Kazinga Wildlife Sanctuary|Gidan Tsaro na Kazinga]], Uganda * Gidan shakatawa na Kibale, Uganda * Gidan shakatawa na Kibira, Burundi * Kisimba Ikobo Primate Nature Reserve, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * Kyambura Wildlife Reserve, Uganda * Gidan shakatawa na Mahale Mountains, Tanzania * [[Filin shakatawa na Mgahinga Gorilla|Gidan shakatawa na Mgahinga Gorilla]], Uganda * [[Monge Forest Nature Reserve|Gidan Tsaro na Monge Forest]], Burundi * Gidan shakatawa na Nyungwe, Rwanda * [[Rusizi National Reserve|Gidan shakatawa na Rusizi]], Burundi * Gidan shakatawa na Rwenzori, Uganda * Gidan shakatawa na Sarauniya Elizabeth, Uganda * [[Semuliki National Park|Gidan shakatawa na Semuliki]], Uganda * [[Tayna Nature Reserve]], Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * Gidan kare namun daji na Toro-Semliki, Uganda * [[Filin shakatawa na Virunga|Gidan shakatawa na Virunga]], Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo * Gidan shakatawa na Volcanoes, Rwanda == Wasanni == Ayyukan baƙi a cikin mazaunan yankin sun haɗa da: * yana kallo a cikin murabba'in kilomita 434 (168 mi2) Yankin Kula da Virunga (VCA) na Dutsen Virunga, wanda ya haɗa da: :* Gidan shakatawa na Bwindi Impenetrable a Uganda. :* [[Filin shakatawa na Virunga|Gidan shakatawa na Virunga]] a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo . :* Gidan shakatawa na Volcanoes a Rwanda - tsohon tushe na masanin ilimin dabbobi Dian Fossey . * Gidan shakatawa na Kibale a Uganda. * Gudun tafiya a cikin tsaunukan Rwenzori, da kuma cikin Ruwenzori Mountains National Park. == Manazarta == 6wisxy1gy6hcksq7ki7wrt3hvkg9m6a 0 153312 843062 2026-05-30T06:16:46Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1315885582|Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests]]" 843062 wikitext text/x-wiki dazuzzukan bakin teku na Atlantic Equatorial, wanda aka fi sani da gandun daji na bakin teku na Kongo (Faransa: Forêts côtières équatoriales atlantiques, [[Yaren Sifen|Mutanen Espanya]]: Bosques costeros atlánticos ecuatoriales, [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]]: Florestas costeiras atlânticas equatoriais), yanki ne mai zafi mai laushi na [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]], wanda ke rufe tuddai, filayen, da duwatsu na bakin tekun Atlantika na Kamaru, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Jamhuriyar Kongo, da Jamhuriwar Demokradiyyar Kongo.<ref name="ecomap">{{Cite web |title=Map of Ecoregions 2017 |url=https://ecoregions2017.appspot.com/ |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=Resolve |language=en}}</ref><ref name="dopa">{{Cite web |title=Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |url=https://dopa-explorer.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ecoregion/30102 |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=Digital Observatory for Protected Areas |language=en}}</ref><ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Atlantic_Equatorial_coastal_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> Wannan gida ne mai wadataccen gandun daji ga manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa kamar su gorillas na yamma, chimpanzees, giwaye na gandun daji da buffalo na Afirka, da kuma kananan dabbobi masu rarrafe, tsuntsaye, amphibians, dabbobi masu kama da dabbobi. Sauran dabbobi sun hada da birai da Mandrills. == Bayyanawa == Gidan gandun daji na Tekun Atlantika ya rufe yanki na kilomita 189,700 (73,200 sq , wanda ya shimfiɗa tare da tekun Atlantika daga ƙananan tuddai a arewa zuwa duwatsu a kudu da gabas. dazuzzuka sun rufe kusurwar kudu maso yammacin Kamaru, yankin Equatorial Guinea (Río Muni) da filayen Gabon. Wani karamin yanki ya kai kudu maso gabas ta Jamhuriyar Kongo da kuma gabashin yankin Cabinda na Angola zuwa arewacin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] a lardin Kongo ta Tsakiya na Jamhuriwar Demokradiyyar Kongo . <ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Atlantic_Equatorial_coastal_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> Gidan gandun daji na Tekun Atlantika ya zama mafi kudancin yankin gandun daji mai zurfi na Lower Guinea, yankin gandun dajin da ke bakin teku wanda ya kai arewa da yamma zuwa kudu maso yammacin Kamaru da kudancin Najeriya. Tekun Atlantika yana yamma, kuma ana iya samun aljihun [[Mangroves na Afirka ta Tsakiya]] a bakin kogin da ke bakin tekun. Yankin ya shimfiɗa kudu daga [[Kogin Sanaga]] a Kamaru zuwa arewacin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], tare da wasu manyan koguna da yawa da ke gudana. A gabas, gandun daji na bakin teku sun sauya zuwa gandun daji masu ƙasƙanci na Arewa maso yammacin Kongo, wani ɓangare na manyan gandun daji da ke rufe [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]]. Yankin Yammacin Kongo da ke da iyaka da gandun daji na Tekun Atlantika zuwa kudu maso gabas. Wannan yanki ne na wurare masu zafi wanda ke samun ruwan sama mai yawa a duk shekara. == Tsire-tsire da dabbobi == Tare da makwabta Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests ecoregion, yankin yana da kusan kashi 50% na rayuwar shuke-shuke na wurare masu zafi na Afirka ta Yamma. Yankunan da suka fi muhimmanci ga rayuwar shuke-shuke sun hada da Monts de Cristal a Gabon da yankin Mayombe a kan iyakokin Jamhuriyar Kongo, Angola, da Jamhuriwar Demokradiyyar Kongo.<ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Atlantic_Equatorial_coastal_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> Yankin ya ƙunshi dabbobi masu shayarwa da yawa na gandun daji ciki har da biri mai wutsiya, shrew mai dogon ƙafa, ƙaramin ɗan itace na Angola, da kuma ɗanɗano mai hayaki na Afirka da kuma giwayen daji da gorillas, chimpanzees da sauran dabbobi. dazuzzuka ma suna da wadataccen rayuwar tsuntsaye. Amphibians na musamman sun haɗa da kwayar dare ta Apouh (''Astylosternus schioetzi''), kwayar hanci ta Perret, kwayar hancin Gabon (''Hymenochirus feae''), kwayar kogin Ogowe (''Phrynobatrachus ogoensis''), da kwayar hanta ta Andre. == Karewa == [[Fayil:Huntley2019_fig2.9-8.png|right|thumb|250x250px|Dajin Maiombo a Cabinda, Angola - Huntley (2019) ]] Yawancin dabbobi a nan, gami da primates, suna cikin haɗari ta hanyar farautar nama ko a matsayin kyaututtuka, yayin da ake kama giwaye don nama da cinikin hauren giwa. Kashe katako yana ci gaba da barazana a Kamaru, Gabon, Jamhuriyar Kongo kuma musamman a Equatorial Guinea. Duk da haka yankuna masu yawa na gandun daji sun kasance kuma fauna har yanzu suna da wadata sosai a yankunan kudancin Equatorial Guinea da Gabon, wanda ya sanya manyan yankuna a matsayin filin shakatawa na kasa, gami da Loango National Park a cikin wannan yankin.<ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Atlantic_Equatorial_coastal_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> == Yankunan birane da ƙauyuka == Wannan yanki ne mai ƙarancin jama'a. Yankin Kudancin (Kamaru) yana da gandun daji sosai kuma yana dauke da wurin shakatawa na Kribi da filin shakatawa na Campo Ma'an . Dukkanin yankin Equatorial Guinea (Río Muni) yana cikin wannan yankin ciki har da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Bata . A Gabon, da kuma sansanonin katako, ƙananan kungiyoyin manoma da masu kamun kifi suna zaune a cikin gandun daji ciki har da mazaunan gandun daji na gargajiya kamar Bakola da [[Bagyeli]]. Garuruwan Gabonese a cikin gandun daji na bakin teku sun haɗa da Lambaréné, gidan Asibitin Albert Schweitzer, tushen katako na Ndjolé, tushe na Fugamou don ziyartar Waka National Park da Gamba, cibiyar mai amma kuma tushe don ziyartar Loango National Park. == Manazarta == 128nzzak8urp6i3jj8a40c6sj3flkqf 843064 843062 2026-05-30T06:17:06Z Pharouqenr 25549 843064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} dazuzzukan bakin teku na Atlantic Equatorial, wanda aka fi sani da gandun daji na bakin teku na Kongo (Faransa: Forêts côtières équatoriales atlantiques, [[Yaren Sifen|Mutanen Espanya]]: Bosques costeros atlánticos ecuatoriales, [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]]: Florestas costeiras atlânticas equatoriais), yanki ne mai zafi mai laushi na [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]], wanda ke rufe tuddai, filayen, da duwatsu na bakin tekun Atlantika na Kamaru, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Jamhuriyar Kongo, da Jamhuriwar Demokradiyyar Kongo.<ref name="ecomap">{{Cite web |title=Map of Ecoregions 2017 |url=https://ecoregions2017.appspot.com/ |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=Resolve |language=en}}</ref><ref name="dopa">{{Cite web |title=Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |url=https://dopa-explorer.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ecoregion/30102 |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=Digital Observatory for Protected Areas |language=en}}</ref><ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Atlantic_Equatorial_coastal_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> Wannan gida ne mai wadataccen gandun daji ga manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa kamar su gorillas na yamma, chimpanzees, giwaye na gandun daji da buffalo na Afirka, da kuma kananan dabbobi masu rarrafe, tsuntsaye, amphibians, dabbobi masu kama da dabbobi. Sauran dabbobi sun hada da birai da Mandrills. == Bayyanawa == Gidan gandun daji na Tekun Atlantika ya rufe yanki na kilomita 189,700 (73,200 sq , wanda ya shimfiɗa tare da tekun Atlantika daga ƙananan tuddai a arewa zuwa duwatsu a kudu da gabas. dazuzzuka sun rufe kusurwar kudu maso yammacin Kamaru, yankin Equatorial Guinea (Río Muni) da filayen Gabon. Wani karamin yanki ya kai kudu maso gabas ta Jamhuriyar Kongo da kuma gabashin yankin Cabinda na Angola zuwa arewacin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] a lardin Kongo ta Tsakiya na Jamhuriwar Demokradiyyar Kongo . <ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Atlantic_Equatorial_coastal_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> Gidan gandun daji na Tekun Atlantika ya zama mafi kudancin yankin gandun daji mai zurfi na Lower Guinea, yankin gandun dajin da ke bakin teku wanda ya kai arewa da yamma zuwa kudu maso yammacin Kamaru da kudancin Najeriya. Tekun Atlantika yana yamma, kuma ana iya samun aljihun [[Mangroves na Afirka ta Tsakiya]] a bakin kogin da ke bakin tekun. Yankin ya shimfiɗa kudu daga [[Kogin Sanaga]] a Kamaru zuwa arewacin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]], tare da wasu manyan koguna da yawa da ke gudana. A gabas, gandun daji na bakin teku sun sauya zuwa gandun daji masu ƙasƙanci na Arewa maso yammacin Kongo, wani ɓangare na manyan gandun daji da ke rufe [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]]. Yankin Yammacin Kongo da ke da iyaka da gandun daji na Tekun Atlantika zuwa kudu maso gabas. Wannan yanki ne na wurare masu zafi wanda ke samun ruwan sama mai yawa a duk shekara. == Tsire-tsire da dabbobi == Tare da makwabta Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests ecoregion, yankin yana da kusan kashi 50% na rayuwar shuke-shuke na wurare masu zafi na Afirka ta Yamma. Yankunan da suka fi muhimmanci ga rayuwar shuke-shuke sun hada da Monts de Cristal a Gabon da yankin Mayombe a kan iyakokin Jamhuriyar Kongo, Angola, da Jamhuriwar Demokradiyyar Kongo.<ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Atlantic_Equatorial_coastal_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> Yankin ya ƙunshi dabbobi masu shayarwa da yawa na gandun daji ciki har da biri mai wutsiya, shrew mai dogon ƙafa, ƙaramin ɗan itace na Angola, da kuma ɗanɗano mai hayaki na Afirka da kuma giwayen daji da gorillas, chimpanzees da sauran dabbobi. dazuzzuka ma suna da wadataccen rayuwar tsuntsaye. Amphibians na musamman sun haɗa da kwayar dare ta Apouh (''Astylosternus schioetzi''), kwayar hanci ta Perret, kwayar hancin Gabon (''Hymenochirus feae''), kwayar kogin Ogowe (''Phrynobatrachus ogoensis''), da kwayar hanta ta Andre. == Karewa == [[Fayil:Huntley2019_fig2.9-8.png|right|thumb|250x250px|Dajin Maiombo a Cabinda, Angola - Huntley (2019) ]] Yawancin dabbobi a nan, gami da primates, suna cikin haɗari ta hanyar farautar nama ko a matsayin kyaututtuka, yayin da ake kama giwaye don nama da cinikin hauren giwa. Kashe katako yana ci gaba da barazana a Kamaru, Gabon, Jamhuriyar Kongo kuma musamman a Equatorial Guinea. Duk da haka yankuna masu yawa na gandun daji sun kasance kuma fauna har yanzu suna da wadata sosai a yankunan kudancin Equatorial Guinea da Gabon, wanda ya sanya manyan yankuna a matsayin filin shakatawa na kasa, gami da Loango National Park a cikin wannan yankin.<ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Atlantic_Equatorial_coastal_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> == Yankunan birane da ƙauyuka == Wannan yanki ne mai ƙarancin jama'a. Yankin Kudancin (Kamaru) yana da gandun daji sosai kuma yana dauke da wurin shakatawa na Kribi da filin shakatawa na Campo Ma'an . Dukkanin yankin Equatorial Guinea (Río Muni) yana cikin wannan yankin ciki har da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Bata . A Gabon, da kuma sansanonin katako, ƙananan kungiyoyin manoma da masu kamun kifi suna zaune a cikin gandun daji ciki har da mazaunan gandun daji na gargajiya kamar Bakola da [[Bagyeli]]. Garuruwan Gabonese a cikin gandun daji na bakin teku sun haɗa da Lambaréné, gidan Asibitin Albert Schweitzer, tushen katako na Ndjolé, tushe na Fugamou don ziyartar Waka National Park da Gamba, cibiyar mai amma kuma tushe don ziyartar Loango National Park. == Manazarta == 4t1cu5ei0wfckp0kgcza2i2cjmxsd19 0 153313 843066 2026-05-30T06:18:13Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1315814851|Central Congolian lowland forests]]" 843066 wikitext text/x-wiki ''dazuzzuka na tsakiya na Kongo'' ([[Faransanci]]: Forêts de plaine du centre du Congo) yanki ne a cikin [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . Wannan yanki ne mai nisa, wanda ba a iya isa ba na gandun daji mai laushi mai laushi, mai laushi da maras kyau a yankin Cuvette Centrale na [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]] a kudancin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]].<ref name="ecomap">{{Cite web |title=Map of Ecoregions 2017 |url=https://ecoregions2017.appspot.com/ |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=Resolve |language=en}}</ref><ref name="dopa">{{Cite web |title=Central Congolian lowland forests |url=https://dopa-explorer.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ecoregion/30104 |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=Digital Observatory for Protected Areas |language=en}}</ref><ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Central Congolian lowland forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Central_Congolian_lowland_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> == Dabbobi == Masana ilimin dabbobi ba su yi bincike sosai a yankin ba amma an san su da zama gida ga antelopes, giwaye na gandun doki, da kuma dabbobi da yawa, gami da Bonobo mai ban sha'awa (Pan ''Paniscus''), biri na De Brazza, crested mangabey da lowland gorilla. Akwai dabba mai shayarwa guda daya da aka sani sosai, Dryas monkey (''Cercopithecus dryas''). Sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa da ke kusa da su sun hada da mangabey mai ciki na zinariya (''Cercocebus chrysogaster''), okapi (''Okapia Johnstoni''), birai na Allen (''Allenopithecus nigroviridis''), Kusiman na Angola (''Crossarchus ansorgei''), ja colobus na Thollon (''Procolobus tholloni'') da birai na Wolf (''Cercopithecus wolfi''). Akwai tsuntsaye guda biyu da ke kusa da yankin: tsuntsayen Congo (''Afropavo congensis'', VU) da Mai saƙa mai launin rawaya (''Malimbus flavipes''). == Barazanar da kiyayewa == Dajin ya kasance ba a lalata shi ba yayin da yawan mutane ya iyakance ga ƙananan al'ummomin da ke farauta da kifi a kan koguna da yawa da ke tsallaka wannan yanki mai nisa, mai santsi. Koyaya dabbobi da yawa suna da haɗari ga farauta, kuma hanyoyin ruwa sun ƙuntata motsin su. A halin yanzu, Gidan shakatawa na Salonga babban yanki ne mai kariya a cikin yankin, ɗaya daga cikin manyan wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa a duniya, kuma wurin shakatawa na biyu mafi girma a duniya. == Yankunan birane da ƙauyuka == Cuvette Centrale yana da nisa kuma ba shi da yawan jama'a, akwai wasu kasuwanni da ƙauyuka a gefen kogi kamar Ikela amma samun damar zuwa wannan yanki yana da wahala (ta hanyar jirgin ruwa) da / ko tsada (akwai tashar jirgin sama kusa da Salonga Park). == Manazarta == srca5f37q2pnlu6xe851ber7afohq67 843068 843066 2026-05-30T06:18:42Z Pharouqenr 25549 843068 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} ''dazuzzuka na tsakiya na Kongo'' ([[Faransanci]]: Forêts de plaine du centre du Congo) yanki ne a cikin [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] . Wannan yanki ne mai nisa, wanda ba a iya isa ba na gandun daji mai laushi mai laushi, mai laushi da maras kyau a yankin Cuvette Centrale na [[Kongo Basin|Kogin Kongo]] a kudancin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]].<ref name="ecomap">{{Cite web |title=Map of Ecoregions 2017 |url=https://ecoregions2017.appspot.com/ |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=Resolve |language=en}}</ref><ref name="dopa">{{Cite web |title=Central Congolian lowland forests |url=https://dopa-explorer.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ecoregion/30104 |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=Digital Observatory for Protected Areas |language=en}}</ref><ref name="eoe">{{Cite web |title=Central Congolian lowland forests |url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Central_Congolian_lowland_forests |access-date=August 20, 2021 |publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth |language=en}}</ref> == Dabbobi == Masana ilimin dabbobi ba su yi bincike sosai a yankin ba amma an san su da zama gida ga antelopes, giwaye na gandun doki, da kuma dabbobi da yawa, gami da Bonobo mai ban sha'awa (Pan ''Paniscus''), biri na De Brazza, crested mangabey da lowland gorilla. Akwai dabba mai shayarwa guda daya da aka sani sosai, Dryas monkey (''Cercopithecus dryas''). Sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa da ke kusa da su sun hada da mangabey mai ciki na zinariya (''Cercocebus chrysogaster''), okapi (''Okapia Johnstoni''), birai na Allen (''Allenopithecus nigroviridis''), Kusiman na Angola (''Crossarchus ansorgei''), ja colobus na Thollon (''Procolobus tholloni'') da birai na Wolf (''Cercopithecus wolfi''). Akwai tsuntsaye guda biyu da ke kusa da yankin: tsuntsayen Congo (''Afropavo congensis'', VU) da Mai saƙa mai launin rawaya (''Malimbus flavipes''). == Barazanar da kiyayewa == Dajin ya kasance ba a lalata shi ba yayin da yawan mutane ya iyakance ga ƙananan al'ummomin da ke farauta da kifi a kan koguna da yawa da ke tsallaka wannan yanki mai nisa, mai santsi. Koyaya dabbobi da yawa suna da haɗari ga farauta, kuma hanyoyin ruwa sun ƙuntata motsin su. A halin yanzu, Gidan shakatawa na Salonga babban yanki ne mai kariya a cikin yankin, ɗaya daga cikin manyan wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa a duniya, kuma wurin shakatawa na biyu mafi girma a duniya. == Yankunan birane da ƙauyuka == Cuvette Centrale yana da nisa kuma ba shi da yawan jama'a, akwai wasu kasuwanni da ƙauyuka a gefen kogi kamar Ikela amma samun damar zuwa wannan yanki yana da wahala (ta hanyar jirgin ruwa) da / ko tsada (akwai tashar jirgin sama kusa da Salonga Park). == Manazarta == 0h2f09jh3hrab0zf0ccgcn8tx134md0 0 153314 843069 2026-05-30T06:19:13Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322946177|Congo Basin Forest Partnership]]" 843069 wikitext text/x-wiki Kungiyar Kudancin Kudancin (CBFP) wani shiri ne mai zaman kansa don inganta kiyayewa da kuma kula da gandun daji na Kudancin.<ref name="ICCF CBFP page">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://iccfoundation.us/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=164:congo-basin-forest-partnership&catid=37:programs&Itemid=348 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308012319/http://iccfoundation.us/index.php?option=com_content |archive-date=8 March 2016 |access-date=30 November 2011 |publisher=ICCF}}</ref> Aikin yana da niyyar inganta dabarun da raba bayanai na kungiyoyin da ke da hannu.<ref name="Fact sheet">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=https://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001124901/http://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |archive-date=1 October 2009 |access-date=31 October 2011 |publisher=Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs}} </ref> Amurka ce ke jagoranta kuma sama da gwamnatocin kasa da kasa 40 da masu saka hannun jari ne ke tallafawa.<ref name="Fact sheet" /> == Tarihi == An ƙaddamar da CBFP a watan Satumbar 2002 <ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://webapps01.un.org/dsd/partnerships/public/partnerships/14.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=Partnerships for Sustainable Development}}</ref> a taron koli na duniya na [[Johannesburg]] kan ci gaba mai ɗorewa <ref name="Official website home">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership - Home |url=http://www.cbfp.org/home.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=The Congo Basin Forest Partnership}}</ref> ta Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Amurka Colin Powell da shugabannin gwamnatin Afirka. <ref name="WWF Flyer">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership A Unifying Force at Work in the Congo Basin |url=http://www.worldwildlife.org/what/wherewework/congo/WWFBinaryitem8854.pdf |access-date=30 November 2011 |publisher=WWF}}</ref> An gina shi a kan wannan tsarin kamar yadda Yaounde Declaration, wanda manufarsa ita ce "don kare gandun daji ta hanyar daidaita manufofin gandun daji, yankuna masu kariya, ka'idoji game da farauta, da kuma karɓar ayyuka don amfani da gandun daji mai ɗorewa".<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development" /> Taron farko na CBFP ya faru ne a Paris, Faransa, a watan Janairun shekara ta 2003, kuma ya amince da ka'idojin ƙungiya na asali, wanda aka kira mai ba da shawara, ya amince da Taron Ministocin dazuzzuka na Afirka ta Tsakiya a matsayin jagorar siyasa, fasaha, manufofi, da yanke shawara ta tsakiya, kuma ya amince le "Plan de Convergence" na taron a matsayin tsarin ayyukan CBFP na gaba.<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://webapps01.un.org/dsd/partnerships/public/partnerships/14.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=Partnerships for Sustainable Development}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2003, CBFP ta gudanar da wani taro wanda aka bude wa jama'a a [[Yaounde]], Kamaru, don tattauna manufofi da ayyukan Taron Ministocin dazuzzuka na Afirka ta Tsakiya, wanda ya sanya sunan mai ba da gudummawa ga CBFP a taron.<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://webapps01.un.org/dsd/partnerships/public/partnerships/14.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=Partnerships for Sustainable Development}}</ref> A ranar 11 da 12 ga Nuwamba, 2003, hadin gwiwar ta sake haduwa a Yaounde don hada Hukumar Kula da dazuzzuka ta Afirka ta Tsakiya (COMIFAC), abokan hulɗa na ci gaba, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da wakilan kamfanoni masu zaman kansu.<ref name="Shaping the World Of the futre">{{Cite web |title=The Congo Basin Forest Partnership: Together, Shaping the World of the Future |url=http://www.saiia.org.za/diplomatic-pouch/the-congo-basin-forest-partnership-together-shaping-the-world-of-the-future.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420021047/http://www.saiia.org.za/diplomatic-pouch/the-congo-basin-forest-partnership-together-shaping-the-world-of-the-future.html |archive-date=20 April 2012 |access-date=1 December 2011 |publisher=South African Institute of International Affairs}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 2004, Shugaban Amurka [[George W. Bush]] ya amince da Dokar Hadin gwiwar Kudancin Kudancin Kwango . <ref name="Acts Approved by the President">{{Cite web |title=Acts Approved by the President |url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/12504538 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202200548/http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=3&hid=122&sid=c04476f0-456e-468f-8688-b767f7b0ab29%40sessionmgr111&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=12504538 |archive-date=2 February 2016 |access-date=1 December 2011 |publisher=Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents}}</ref> CBFP ta hadu a [[Douala]], Jamhuriyar Kamaru a ranar 1 da 2 ga Maris, 2011. <ref name="March Meeting">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership (CBFP): Congo Basin Governance and Land use Day – Tenth CBFP Partners' Meeting (RDP), Douala, Republic of Cameroun |url=http://www.pfbc-cbfp.org/events_en/events/RDP_2011-E.html |access-date=1 December 2011 |publisher=Congo Basin Forest Partnership}}</ref> Wannan ya biyo bayan wani taro a ranar 13-16 ga Satumba, 2011, a Douala a kan taken "Yaya za a iya samun ikon kula da al'umma a kan gandun daji da kuma kiyaye shi?" A halin yanzu, a ranar 14 ga Satumba. 2011, hadin gwiwar ta hadu a Yaounde don tattauna matsayin aiwatar da taswirar hanya, don bincika manyan ƙalubale a cikin binciken kimiyya, da kuma sabunta shirin aiki na sauƙaƙewa. <ref name="Conference">{{Cite web |title="How can community control over woodlands be obtained and maintained?" This was the question the African Network on Community Rights met in Douala (Cameroon) to answer" |url=http://www.cbfp.org/news_en/items/Atelier_CED-douala-F.html |access-date=30 November 2011 |publisher=Congo Basin Forest Partnership}}</ref><ref name="3rd Meeting">{{Cite web |title=Visit of CBFP Facilitators to Yaoundé: Brief but Fruitful |url=http://www.cbfp.org/news_en/items/Visite_Gaston_Yaoundé-EE.html |access-date=30 November 2011 |publisher=Congo Basin Forest Partnership}}</ref> == Manufar == Manufar da aka bayyana na Kungiyar Kudancin Kudancin Kwango ita ce "don inganta ingantaccen gudanarwa na gandun daji da namun daji ta hanyar inganta sadarwa, hadin kai, da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin dukkan abokan hulɗa".<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://webapps01.un.org/dsd/partnerships/public/partnerships/14.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=Partnerships for Sustainable Development}}</ref> Manufofinta sun haɗa da adana yanayin muhalli da bambancin halittu na namun daji da gandun daji, da kuma yin amfani da su da kariya mai ɗorewa don amfanin dogon lokaci na yankin da mazaunanta.<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development" /> A cikin neman wannan manufa, Haɗin gwiwar yana inganta ci gaban tattalin arziki, rage talauci, ingantaccen shugabanci ta hanyar kiyayewa da ci gaba da gudanar da [[Kadarorin muhalli|albarkatun kasa]], gami da namun daji da gandun daji, da kuma raba bayanai tsakanin abokan tarayya da abokan tarayya.<ref name="Fact sheet">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=https://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001124901/http://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |archive-date=1 October 2009 |access-date=31 October 2011 |publisher=Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs}} </ref><ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development" /> CBFP tana aiki tare da Hukumar Kula da dazuzzuka ta Afirka ta Tsakiya, hukumar yankin da ke kula da gandun daji da [[Manufofin muhalli]], daidaitawa da jituwa, tare da manufar inganta kiyayewa da ci gaba da gudanar da tsarin halittu na Kongo.<ref name="Official website partnership">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership - Partnership |url=http://www.cbfp.org/partnership.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004104813/http://www.cbfp.org/partnership.html |archive-date=4 October 2011 |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=The Congo Basin Forest Partnership}}</ref> Babban abin da CBFP ke mayar da hankali shine kariya da gudanar da albarkatun kasa da ake buƙata don ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa, gandun daji, kawar da talauci, bambancin halittu, tsarin ma'aikata don ci gaba mai ɗorewa, da canza tsarin amfani da samarwa.<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://webapps01.un.org/dsd/partnerships/public/partnerships/14.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=Partnerships for Sustainable Development}}</ref> Abubuwan da ke mayar da hankali sune ci gaba mai ɗorewa ga Afirka, ilimi, ruwa, ci gaban karkara, yawon bude ido, noma, da canjin yanayi.<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development" /> == Yankunan da aka kare == * Monte Alen - Mont de Cristal Inselbergs Forest Landscape (Equatorial Guinea & Gabon) <ref name="Fact sheet">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=https://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001124901/http://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |archive-date=1 October 2009 |access-date=31 October 2011 |publisher=Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs}} </ref> * Gamba - Gidan daji na Conkouati (Gabon, Congo) & (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Lope - Chaillu - Louesse Forest Landscape (Gabon & Congo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Dja - Minkebe - Odzala Tri-national Forest Landscape (Cameroon, Congo & Gabon) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Yanayin gandun daji na Sangha Tri-national (Kamaru, Kongo, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Lac Tele - Lac Tumba Swamp Forest Landscape (Congo & Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Bateke Plateau Forest Savanna Landscape (Congo & Gabon) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Maringa/Lopori - Wamba Forest Landscape (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Salonga - Lukenie - Yanayin daji na Sankuru (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Maiko - Lulunguru Tanya - Kahuzi Biega Forest Landscape (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Ituri - Epulu - Aru Forest Landscape (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Yanayin gandun daji na Virunga (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo da Rwanda) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> == Manazarta == rdhxjk2ncq8uokx5w2kdhztize6beru 843070 843069 2026-05-30T06:19:38Z Pharouqenr 25549 843070 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kungiyar Kudancin Kudancin''' (CBFP) wani shiri ne mai zaman kansa don inganta kiyayewa da kuma kula da gandun daji na Kudancin.<ref name="ICCF CBFP page">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://iccfoundation.us/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=164:congo-basin-forest-partnership&catid=37:programs&Itemid=348 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308012319/http://iccfoundation.us/index.php?option=com_content |archive-date=8 March 2016 |access-date=30 November 2011 |publisher=ICCF}}</ref> Aikin yana da niyyar inganta dabarun da raba bayanai na kungiyoyin da ke da hannu.<ref name="Fact sheet">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=https://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001124901/http://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |archive-date=1 October 2009 |access-date=31 October 2011 |publisher=Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs}} </ref> Amurka ce ke jagoranta kuma sama da gwamnatocin kasa da kasa 40 da masu saka hannun jari ne ke tallafawa.<ref name="Fact sheet" /> == Tarihi == An ƙaddamar da CBFP a watan Satumbar 2002 <ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://webapps01.un.org/dsd/partnerships/public/partnerships/14.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=Partnerships for Sustainable Development}}</ref> a taron koli na duniya na [[Johannesburg]] kan ci gaba mai ɗorewa <ref name="Official website home">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership - Home |url=http://www.cbfp.org/home.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=The Congo Basin Forest Partnership}}</ref> ta Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Amurka Colin Powell da shugabannin gwamnatin Afirka. <ref name="WWF Flyer">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership A Unifying Force at Work in the Congo Basin |url=http://www.worldwildlife.org/what/wherewework/congo/WWFBinaryitem8854.pdf |access-date=30 November 2011 |publisher=WWF}}</ref> An gina shi a kan wannan tsarin kamar yadda Yaounde Declaration, wanda manufarsa ita ce "don kare gandun daji ta hanyar daidaita manufofin gandun daji, yankuna masu kariya, ka'idoji game da farauta, da kuma karɓar ayyuka don amfani da gandun daji mai ɗorewa".<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development" /> Taron farko na CBFP ya faru ne a Paris, Faransa, a watan Janairun shekara ta 2003, kuma ya amince da ka'idojin ƙungiya na asali, wanda aka kira mai ba da shawara, ya amince da Taron Ministocin dazuzzuka na Afirka ta Tsakiya a matsayin jagorar siyasa, fasaha, manufofi, da yanke shawara ta tsakiya, kuma ya amince le "Plan de Convergence" na taron a matsayin tsarin ayyukan CBFP na gaba.<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://webapps01.un.org/dsd/partnerships/public/partnerships/14.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=Partnerships for Sustainable Development}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2003, CBFP ta gudanar da wani taro wanda aka bude wa jama'a a [[Yaounde]], Kamaru, don tattauna manufofi da ayyukan Taron Ministocin dazuzzuka na Afirka ta Tsakiya, wanda ya sanya sunan mai ba da gudummawa ga CBFP a taron.<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://webapps01.un.org/dsd/partnerships/public/partnerships/14.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=Partnerships for Sustainable Development}}</ref> A ranar 11 da 12 ga Nuwamba, 2003, hadin gwiwar ta sake haduwa a Yaounde don hada Hukumar Kula da dazuzzuka ta Afirka ta Tsakiya (COMIFAC), abokan hulɗa na ci gaba, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da wakilan kamfanoni masu zaman kansu.<ref name="Shaping the World Of the futre">{{Cite web |title=The Congo Basin Forest Partnership: Together, Shaping the World of the Future |url=http://www.saiia.org.za/diplomatic-pouch/the-congo-basin-forest-partnership-together-shaping-the-world-of-the-future.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420021047/http://www.saiia.org.za/diplomatic-pouch/the-congo-basin-forest-partnership-together-shaping-the-world-of-the-future.html |archive-date=20 April 2012 |access-date=1 December 2011 |publisher=South African Institute of International Affairs}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 2004, Shugaban Amurka [[George W. Bush]] ya amince da Dokar Hadin gwiwar Kudancin Kudancin Kwango . <ref name="Acts Approved by the President">{{Cite web |title=Acts Approved by the President |url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/12504538 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202200548/http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=3&hid=122&sid=c04476f0-456e-468f-8688-b767f7b0ab29%40sessionmgr111&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=12504538 |archive-date=2 February 2016 |access-date=1 December 2011 |publisher=Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents}}</ref> CBFP ta hadu a [[Douala]], Jamhuriyar Kamaru a ranar 1 da 2 ga Maris, 2011. <ref name="March Meeting">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership (CBFP): Congo Basin Governance and Land use Day – Tenth CBFP Partners' Meeting (RDP), Douala, Republic of Cameroun |url=http://www.pfbc-cbfp.org/events_en/events/RDP_2011-E.html |access-date=1 December 2011 |publisher=Congo Basin Forest Partnership}}</ref> Wannan ya biyo bayan wani taro a ranar 13-16 ga Satumba, 2011, a Douala a kan taken "Yaya za a iya samun ikon kula da al'umma a kan gandun daji da kuma kiyaye shi?" A halin yanzu, a ranar 14 ga Satumba. 2011, hadin gwiwar ta hadu a Yaounde don tattauna matsayin aiwatar da taswirar hanya, don bincika manyan ƙalubale a cikin binciken kimiyya, da kuma sabunta shirin aiki na sauƙaƙewa. <ref name="Conference">{{Cite web |title="How can community control over woodlands be obtained and maintained?" This was the question the African Network on Community Rights met in Douala (Cameroon) to answer" |url=http://www.cbfp.org/news_en/items/Atelier_CED-douala-F.html |access-date=30 November 2011 |publisher=Congo Basin Forest Partnership}}</ref><ref name="3rd Meeting">{{Cite web |title=Visit of CBFP Facilitators to Yaoundé: Brief but Fruitful |url=http://www.cbfp.org/news_en/items/Visite_Gaston_Yaoundé-EE.html |access-date=30 November 2011 |publisher=Congo Basin Forest Partnership}}</ref> == Manufar == Manufar da aka bayyana na Kungiyar Kudancin Kudancin Kwango ita ce "don inganta ingantaccen gudanarwa na gandun daji da namun daji ta hanyar inganta sadarwa, hadin kai, da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin dukkan abokan hulɗa".<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://webapps01.un.org/dsd/partnerships/public/partnerships/14.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=Partnerships for Sustainable Development}}</ref> Manufofinta sun haɗa da adana yanayin muhalli da bambancin halittu na namun daji da gandun daji, da kuma yin amfani da su da kariya mai ɗorewa don amfanin dogon lokaci na yankin da mazaunanta.<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development" /> A cikin neman wannan manufa, Haɗin gwiwar yana inganta ci gaban tattalin arziki, rage talauci, ingantaccen shugabanci ta hanyar kiyayewa da ci gaba da gudanar da [[Kadarorin muhalli|albarkatun kasa]], gami da namun daji da gandun daji, da kuma raba bayanai tsakanin abokan tarayya da abokan tarayya.<ref name="Fact sheet">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=https://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001124901/http://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |archive-date=1 October 2009 |access-date=31 October 2011 |publisher=Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs}} </ref><ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development" /> CBFP tana aiki tare da Hukumar Kula da dazuzzuka ta Afirka ta Tsakiya, hukumar yankin da ke kula da gandun daji da [[Manufofin muhalli]], daidaitawa da jituwa, tare da manufar inganta kiyayewa da ci gaba da gudanar da tsarin halittu na Kongo.<ref name="Official website partnership">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership - Partnership |url=http://www.cbfp.org/partnership.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004104813/http://www.cbfp.org/partnership.html |archive-date=4 October 2011 |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=The Congo Basin Forest Partnership}}</ref> Babban abin da CBFP ke mayar da hankali shine kariya da gudanar da albarkatun kasa da ake buƙata don ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa, gandun daji, kawar da talauci, bambancin halittu, tsarin ma'aikata don ci gaba mai ɗorewa, da canza tsarin amfani da samarwa.<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://webapps01.un.org/dsd/partnerships/public/partnerships/14.html |access-date=25 October 2011 |publisher=Partnerships for Sustainable Development}}</ref> Abubuwan da ke mayar da hankali sune ci gaba mai ɗorewa ga Afirka, ilimi, ruwa, ci gaban karkara, yawon bude ido, noma, da canjin yanayi.<ref name="Partnerships for Sustainable Development" /> == Yankunan da aka kare == * Monte Alen - Mont de Cristal Inselbergs Forest Landscape (Equatorial Guinea & Gabon) <ref name="Fact sheet">{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=https://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001124901/http://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/fs/2009/129962.htm |archive-date=1 October 2009 |access-date=31 October 2011 |publisher=Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs}} </ref> * Gamba - Gidan daji na Conkouati (Gabon, Congo) & (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Lope - Chaillu - Louesse Forest Landscape (Gabon & Congo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Dja - Minkebe - Odzala Tri-national Forest Landscape (Cameroon, Congo & Gabon) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Yanayin gandun daji na Sangha Tri-national (Kamaru, Kongo, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Lac Tele - Lac Tumba Swamp Forest Landscape (Congo & Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Bateke Plateau Forest Savanna Landscape (Congo & Gabon) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Maringa/Lopori - Wamba Forest Landscape (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Salonga - Lukenie - Yanayin daji na Sankuru (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Maiko - Lulunguru Tanya - Kahuzi Biega Forest Landscape (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Ituri - Epulu - Aru Forest Landscape (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> * Yanayin gandun daji na Virunga (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo da Rwanda) <ref name="Fact sheet" /> == Manazarta == 3jzaszf67319qn0tvww4nenfugtue0p 0 153315 843071 2026-05-30T06:20:02Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347905109|Congolian rainforests]]" 843071 wikitext text/x-wiki dazuzzukan ruwan sama na Kongo ([[Faransanci]]: Forêts tropicales congolaises) babban bel ne na gandun daji masu laushi na wurare masu zafi waɗanda suka shimfiɗa a fadin kwandon [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] da masu goyon bayansa a [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]]. == Bayyanawa == [[Fayil:Sapele_Tree_Congo_Brazzaville.jpg|thumb|Itacen Sapele a Jamhuriyar Kongo]] Dajin Congo shine dajin da ke da girma a wurare masu zafi na biyu a duniya, bayan dajin Amazon . Ya mamaye sama da {{Convert|500000000|acres|km2}} a fadin kasashe shida kuma ya ƙunshi kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na sauran dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://www.usaid.gov/locations/sub-saharan_africa/initiatives/cbfp.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080508210051/http://www.usaid.gov/locations/sub-saharan_africa/initiatives/cbfp.html |archive-date=2008-05-08 |access-date=2008-05-06 |publisher=USAID}}</ref> <ref name="congobasin">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=Congo Basin |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/places/congo-basin |access-date=20 May 2022 |website=World Wildlife Fund |publisher=World Wildlife Fund - WWF |quote=}}</ref> Dazuzzukan sun mamaye kudu maso gabashin [[Kamaru]], [[Gabon]], [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Congo]], arewacin da tsakiyar [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], da kuma wasu sassan kudanci da tsakiyar Afirka. Dajin Congo gida ne ga ɗimbin shuke-shuke da fauna, ciki har da nau'ikan tsirrai sama da 10,000 da kuma nau'ikan dabbobi sama da 10,000. An kiyasta cewa cewa yankin ya ƙunshi fiye da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na nau'ikan shuke-shuke na duniya kuma gida ne ga ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan birai da suka fi fuskantar barazana a duniya, wato gorilla na yammacin ƙasa mai faɗi . Akwai kuma wasu nau'ikan birai da dama, ciki har da biri, biri mai launin baƙi, biri mai launin ja, da [[Gwaggon biri|biri mai launin zaitun]] . Tsakiyar Kogin Kongo tana da ɗayan manyan wuraren zafi na duniya, wanda ya shimfiɗa a bangarorin biyu na Kogin Kongo da masu ba da gudummawa. Gidan da ke cikin kwandon kwari a cikin kwarin Kongo yana adana kimanin tan biliyan 29 na carbon - daidai da kimanin shekaru uku na fitar da iskar gas a duniya.<ref name="unep">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2023 |title=Critical ecosystems: Congo Basin peatlands |url=https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/critical-ecosystems-congo-basin-peatlands |access-date=27 February 2026 |website=UN Environment Programme}}</ref> A arewa, kudu, da kudu maso yamma, gandun daji suna canzawa zuwa busassun gandun daji-savanna mosaic, mosaic na busassun daji, savannah, da ciyawa. A yamma, gandun daji na Kongo sun sauya zuwa gandun daji masu iyaka na Lower Guinea, wanda ya kai daga kudu maso yammacin Kamaru zuwa kudancin [[Najeriya]] da [[Benin]]; waɗannan yankunan gandun daji suna da kamanceceniya da yawa kuma wani lokacin ana kiransu gandun daji da Lower Guinea-Congolian. A gabas, gandun daji na Kongo sun sauya zuwa gandun daji mai tsawo na [[Kyautar Albertine|Albertine Rift]], wanda ke rufe duwatsun da ke gefen Albertine Riff, reshe na tsarin Rift na Gabashin Afirka. === Yankunan halittu === Asusun Duniya na Yanayi ya raba gandun daji na Kongo zuwa yankuna shida daban-daban: * Gidajen da ke bakin tekun Atlantika (Angola, Kamaru, Jamhuriyar Kongo, Jamhuryar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Equatorial Guinea, da Gabon) * Kudancin gandun daji na tsakiya na Kongo (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) * Gidan daji na gabashin Kongo (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) * Kudancin Arewa maso gabashin Kongo (Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) * Kudancin Arewa maso yammacin Kongo (Kamaru, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Gabon, da Jamhuriwar Kongo) * Yammacin Kungiya gandun daji (Jamhuriyar Kungiya da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kungiyar) == Tsire-tsire da dabbobi == [[Fayil:Grooming_de_Zoé.jpg|thumb|Bonobos suna zaune a kudancin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]]] Gidajen ruwan sama na Kongo suna da fiye da nau'ikan tsire-tsire 10,000 wanda kashi 30% na yankin ne.<ref name="congobasin">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=Congo Basin |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/places/congo-basin |access-date=20 May 2022 |website=World Wildlife Fund |publisher=World Wildlife Fund - WWF |quote=}}</ref> Gidajen ruwan sama na Kongo ba su da bambancin halittu fiye da Amazon da gandun daji na Kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Koyaya, rayuwar shuke-shuke da dabbobi har yanzu sun fi wadata kuma sun bambanta fiye da sauran wurare a Duniya. dazuzzukan Kongo yanki ne na duniya 200. Akwai fiye da nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa 400 a cikin gandun daji, gami da giwaye na gandun daji na Afirka, Giwaye na daji na Afirka. <ref name="congobasin">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=Congo Basin |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/places/congo-basin |access-date=20 May 2022 |website=World Wildlife Fund |publisher=World Wildlife Fund - WWF |quote=}}</ref> okapi yana da iyaka a cikin gandun daji na arewa maso gabashin Bongo. Garin yana da nau'ikan tsuntsaye na asali 1,000 kamar parrot mai launin toka, brown nightjar da bat hawk, da nau'in kifi 700 kamar Nilu tilapia, Nile perch da giraffe catfish.<ref name="congobasin">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=Congo Basin |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/places/congo-basin |access-date=20 May 2022 |website=World Wildlife Fund |publisher=World Wildlife Fund - WWF |quote=}}</ref> [[Fayil:Rainforest_-_Ituri_(20874628148).jpg|thumb|Dajin ruwan sama daga sama]] Barazanar da ake yi wa gandun daji sun hada da lalacewa da raguwar gandun daji ta hanyar katako na kasuwanci, gonakin dabino mai mai, da hakar ma'adinai. Cinikin nama da farauta suna lalata gandun daji na namun daji.<ref name="congobasin">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=Congo Basin |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/places/congo-basin |access-date=20 May 2022 |website=World Wildlife Fund |publisher=World Wildlife Fund - WWF |quote=}}</ref> Tare da asarar gandun daji na shekara-shekara na 0.3% a cikin 2000s, yankin yana da mafi ƙarancin lalacewar gandun daji a kowane babban yankin gandun daji. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mayaux |first=P. |last2=Pekel |first2=J. F. |last3=Desclée |first3=B. |last4=Donnay |first4=F. |last5=Lupi |first5=A. |last6=Achard |first6=F. |last7=Clerici |first7=M. |last8=Bodart |first8=C. |last9=Brink |first9=A. |last10=Nasi |first10=R. |last11=Belward |first11=A. |year=2013 |title=State and evolution of the African rainforests between 1990 and 2010 |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences |publisher=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B |volume=368 |issue=1625 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2012.0300 |pmc=3720022 |pmid=23878331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Deforestation in the Congo Rainforest |url=http://rainforests.mongabay.com/congo/deforestation.html |publisher=Mongabay}}</ref> Daga 2015 zuwa 2019, yawan [[Gandun daji|sare daji]] a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo ya ninka sau biyu. A cikin 2021, sare gandun daji na gandun daji ya karu da kashi 5%. A cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata, an yanke hekta miliyan 17.1 na gandun daji. == Manazarta == a33126h7e8hh0ava3yrdw01loc31f1f 843072 843071 2026-05-30T06:20:23Z Pharouqenr 25549 843072 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} dazuzzukan ruwan sama na Kongo ([[Faransanci]]: Forêts tropicales congolaises) babban bel ne na gandun daji masu laushi na wurare masu zafi waɗanda suka shimfiɗa a fadin kwandon [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]] da masu goyon bayansa a [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]]. == Bayyanawa == [[Fayil:Sapele_Tree_Congo_Brazzaville.jpg|thumb|Itacen Sapele a Jamhuriyar Kongo]] Dajin Congo shine dajin da ke da girma a wurare masu zafi na biyu a duniya, bayan dajin Amazon . Ya mamaye sama da {{Convert|500000000|acres|km2}} a fadin kasashe shida kuma ya ƙunshi kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na sauran dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Congo Basin Forest Partnership |url=http://www.usaid.gov/locations/sub-saharan_africa/initiatives/cbfp.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080508210051/http://www.usaid.gov/locations/sub-saharan_africa/initiatives/cbfp.html |archive-date=2008-05-08 |access-date=2008-05-06 |publisher=USAID}}</ref> <ref name="congobasin">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=Congo Basin |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/places/congo-basin |access-date=20 May 2022 |website=World Wildlife Fund |publisher=World Wildlife Fund - WWF |quote=}}</ref> Dazuzzukan sun mamaye kudu maso gabashin [[Kamaru]], [[Gabon]], [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Congo]], arewacin da tsakiyar [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], da kuma wasu sassan kudanci da tsakiyar Afirka. Dajin Congo gida ne ga ɗimbin shuke-shuke da fauna, ciki har da nau'ikan tsirrai sama da 10,000 da kuma nau'ikan dabbobi sama da 10,000. An kiyasta cewa cewa yankin ya ƙunshi fiye da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na nau'ikan shuke-shuke na duniya kuma gida ne ga ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan birai da suka fi fuskantar barazana a duniya, wato gorilla na yammacin ƙasa mai faɗi . Akwai kuma wasu nau'ikan birai da dama, ciki har da biri, biri mai launin baƙi, biri mai launin ja, da [[Gwaggon biri|biri mai launin zaitun]] . Tsakiyar Kogin Kongo tana da ɗayan manyan wuraren zafi na duniya, wanda ya shimfiɗa a bangarorin biyu na Kogin Kongo da masu ba da gudummawa. Gidan da ke cikin kwandon kwari a cikin kwarin Kongo yana adana kimanin tan biliyan 29 na carbon - daidai da kimanin shekaru uku na fitar da iskar gas a duniya.<ref name="unep">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2023 |title=Critical ecosystems: Congo Basin peatlands |url=https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/critical-ecosystems-congo-basin-peatlands |access-date=27 February 2026 |website=UN Environment Programme}}</ref> A arewa, kudu, da kudu maso yamma, gandun daji suna canzawa zuwa busassun gandun daji-savanna mosaic, mosaic na busassun daji, savannah, da ciyawa. A yamma, gandun daji na Kongo sun sauya zuwa gandun daji masu iyaka na Lower Guinea, wanda ya kai daga kudu maso yammacin Kamaru zuwa kudancin [[Najeriya]] da [[Benin]]; waɗannan yankunan gandun daji suna da kamanceceniya da yawa kuma wani lokacin ana kiransu gandun daji da Lower Guinea-Congolian. A gabas, gandun daji na Kongo sun sauya zuwa gandun daji mai tsawo na [[Kyautar Albertine|Albertine Rift]], wanda ke rufe duwatsun da ke gefen Albertine Riff, reshe na tsarin Rift na Gabashin Afirka. === Yankunan halittu === Asusun Duniya na Yanayi ya raba gandun daji na Kongo zuwa yankuna shida daban-daban: * Gidajen da ke bakin tekun Atlantika (Angola, Kamaru, Jamhuriyar Kongo, Jamhuryar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Equatorial Guinea, da Gabon) * Kudancin gandun daji na tsakiya na Kongo (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) * Gidan daji na gabashin Kongo (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) * Kudancin Arewa maso gabashin Kongo (Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo) * Kudancin Arewa maso yammacin Kongo (Kamaru, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Gabon, da Jamhuriwar Kongo) * Yammacin Kungiya gandun daji (Jamhuriyar Kungiya da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kungiyar) == Tsire-tsire da dabbobi == [[Fayil:Grooming_de_Zoé.jpg|thumb|Bonobos suna zaune a kudancin [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]]] Gidajen ruwan sama na Kongo suna da fiye da nau'ikan tsire-tsire 10,000 wanda kashi 30% na yankin ne.<ref name="congobasin">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=Congo Basin |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/places/congo-basin |access-date=20 May 2022 |website=World Wildlife Fund |publisher=World Wildlife Fund - WWF |quote=}}</ref> Gidajen ruwan sama na Kongo ba su da bambancin halittu fiye da Amazon da gandun daji na Kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Koyaya, rayuwar shuke-shuke da dabbobi har yanzu sun fi wadata kuma sun bambanta fiye da sauran wurare a Duniya. dazuzzukan Kongo yanki ne na duniya 200. Akwai fiye da nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa 400 a cikin gandun daji, gami da giwaye na gandun daji na Afirka, Giwaye na daji na Afirka. <ref name="congobasin">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=Congo Basin |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/places/congo-basin |access-date=20 May 2022 |website=World Wildlife Fund |publisher=World Wildlife Fund - WWF |quote=}}</ref> okapi yana da iyaka a cikin gandun daji na arewa maso gabashin Bongo. Garin yana da nau'ikan tsuntsaye na asali 1,000 kamar parrot mai launin toka, brown nightjar da bat hawk, da nau'in kifi 700 kamar Nilu tilapia, Nile perch da giraffe catfish.<ref name="congobasin">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=Congo Basin |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/places/congo-basin |access-date=20 May 2022 |website=World Wildlife Fund |publisher=World Wildlife Fund - WWF |quote=}}</ref> [[Fayil:Rainforest_-_Ituri_(20874628148).jpg|thumb|Dajin ruwan sama daga sama]] Barazanar da ake yi wa gandun daji sun hada da lalacewa da raguwar gandun daji ta hanyar katako na kasuwanci, gonakin dabino mai mai, da hakar ma'adinai. Cinikin nama da farauta suna lalata gandun daji na namun daji.<ref name="congobasin">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=Congo Basin |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/places/congo-basin |access-date=20 May 2022 |website=World Wildlife Fund |publisher=World Wildlife Fund - WWF |quote=}}</ref> Tare da asarar gandun daji na shekara-shekara na 0.3% a cikin 2000s, yankin yana da mafi ƙarancin lalacewar gandun daji a kowane babban yankin gandun daji. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mayaux |first=P. |last2=Pekel |first2=J. F. |last3=Desclée |first3=B. |last4=Donnay |first4=F. |last5=Lupi |first5=A. |last6=Achard |first6=F. |last7=Clerici |first7=M. |last8=Bodart |first8=C. |last9=Brink |first9=A. |last10=Nasi |first10=R. |last11=Belward |first11=A. |year=2013 |title=State and evolution of the African rainforests between 1990 and 2010 |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences |publisher=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B |volume=368 |issue=1625 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2012.0300 |pmc=3720022 |pmid=23878331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Deforestation in the Congo Rainforest |url=http://rainforests.mongabay.com/congo/deforestation.html |publisher=Mongabay}}</ref> Daga 2015 zuwa 2019, yawan [[Gandun daji|sare daji]] a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo ya ninka sau biyu. A cikin 2021, sare gandun daji na gandun daji ya karu da kashi 5%. A cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata, an yanke hekta miliyan 17.1 na gandun daji. == Manazarta == ldbs5c0t1k3mmngkevza0yghyt1bfy1 0 153316 843074 2026-05-30T06:21:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346494805|Alexander Bay, South Africa]]" 843074 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexander Bay''' ( Afrikaans ) gari ne da ke arewa maso yammacin [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Yana gefen kudu na bakin [[Kogin Orange|Orange River]] . An sanya masa suna ne saboda Sir James Alexander, wanda shi ne mutum na farko da ya zana taswirar yankin yayin da yake wani balaguron Royal Geographical Society zuwa [[Namibiya|Namibia]] a shekarar 1836. (Mutane da yawa suna tunanin cewa shi ne ya fara haƙar tagulla a yankin.) Da aka gano lu'u-lu'u a gabar [[West Coast, Northern Cape|tekun Yammacin Afirka]] a shekarar 1925, an kafa Alexander Bay don yi wa masana'antar haƙar ma'adinai hidima. Garin Oranjemund yana kan iyakar arewacin kogin, wanda ya zama iyakar kasa da kasa tare da [[Namibiya|Namibia]]. Garin biyu suna da alaƙa da [[Ernest Oppenheimer]] Bridge">Ernest Oppenheimer Bridge, mai suna Ernest Oppenhaimer a cikin 1951. Filin jirgin saman Alexander Bay ne ke ba da sabis ga garin. == Tarihi == === Diamonds === Bayan da aka gano lu'u-lu'u a wannan bakin tekun a cikin 1925 ta hanyar Dokta Hans Merensky, Alexander Bay ya zama sananne ga ayyukan hakar ma'adinai. Sakamakon saurin lu'u-lu'u ya haifar da tawaye na Diamond Coast na 1928. === Jan ƙarfe === An tura ma'adinin jan ƙarfe ta hanyar Richtersveld a cikin jirage zuwa Kogin Orange don fitarwa daga wannan bay. Garin yanki ne mai tsaron gaske kuma ana buƙatar izini lokacin da aka shiga. Ba yanki ne mai tsaron gaske ba kuma ba a buƙatar izini. Alexander Bay ita ce birni mafi nisa da ke arewacin gabar yammacin Afirka ta Kudu. Kogin Orange ya shiga Tekun Atlantika a Alexander Bay . Yankin ruwa na Kogin Orange ya zama iyaka tsakanin Afirka ta Kudu da Namibia. Yankin ruwa na Kogin Orange wani wuri ne na Ramsar. Filin kore da orange lichen suna girma a kan tudu kusa da garin Alexander Bay. Yana da kilomita 240 (150 arewa maso yammacin Springbok, cibiyar gudanarwa ta Namaqualand. Da yake yana kusa da ƙarshen kudancin hamadar Namib, a hukumance shi ne kuma birni mafi bushe a Afirka ta Kudu tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na kasa da millimeters 51 (2 in). Rashin sanyi na Benguela Current [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] yana da tasiri mai matsakaici a kan yanayin bakin teku tare da ƙananan bambance-bambance a yanayin rana da na yanayi. == Manazarta == hxkh6egf2j0o7fwszmorrd1ftuhtv47 843075 843074 2026-05-30T06:21:52Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346494805|Alexander Bay, South Africa]]" 843075 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:James_Edward_Alexander00.jpg|thumb|Lithograph na James Edward Alexander wanda aka sanya sunan garin.]] '''Alexander Bay''' ( Afrikaans ) gari ne da ke arewa maso yammacin [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Yana gefen kudu na bakin [[Kogin Orange|Orange River]] . An sanya masa suna ne saboda Sir James Alexander, wanda shi ne mutum na farko da ya zana taswirar yankin yayin da yake wani balaguron Royal Geographical Society zuwa [[Namibiya|Namibia]] a shekarar 1836. (Mutane da yawa suna tunanin cewa shi ne ya fara haƙar tagulla a yankin.) Da aka gano lu'u-lu'u a gabar [[West Coast, Northern Cape|tekun Yammacin Afirka]] a shekarar 1925, an kafa Alexander Bay don yi wa masana'antar haƙar ma'adinai hidima.<ref>Alexander Bay Climate Normals 1961−1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (FTP). Retrieved 29 November 2013. (To view documents see Help:FTP)</ref> Garin Oranjemund yana kan iyakar arewacin kogin, wanda ya zama iyakar kasa da kasa tare da [[Namibiya|Namibia]]. Garin biyu suna da alaƙa da [[Ernest Oppenheimer]] Bridge">Ernest Oppenheimer Bridge, mai suna Ernest Oppenhaimer a cikin 1951. Filin jirgin saman Alexander Bay ne ke ba da sabis ga garin. == Tarihi == === Diamonds === Bayan da aka gano lu'u-lu'u a wannan bakin tekun a cikin 1925 ta hanyar Dokta Hans Merensky, Alexander Bay ya zama sananne ga ayyukan hakar ma'adinai. Sakamakon saurin lu'u-lu'u ya haifar da tawaye na Diamond Coast na 1928. === Jan ƙarfe === An tura ma'adinin jan ƙarfe ta hanyar Richtersveld a cikin jirage zuwa Kogin Orange don fitarwa daga wannan bay. Garin yanki ne mai tsaron gaske kuma ana buƙatar izini lokacin da aka shiga. Ba yanki ne mai tsaron gaske ba kuma ba a buƙatar izini. Alexander Bay ita ce birni mafi nisa da ke arewacin gabar yammacin Afirka ta Kudu. Kogin Orange ya shiga Tekun Atlantika a Alexander Bay . Yankin ruwa na Kogin Orange ya zama iyaka tsakanin Afirka ta Kudu da Namibia. Yankin ruwa na Kogin Orange wani wuri ne na Ramsar. Filin kore da orange lichen suna girma a kan tudu kusa da garin Alexander Bay. Yana da kilomita 240 (150 arewa maso yammacin Springbok, cibiyar gudanarwa ta Namaqualand. Da yake yana kusa da ƙarshen kudancin hamadar Namib, a hukumance shi ne kuma birni mafi bushe a Afirka ta Kudu tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na kasa da millimeters 51 (2 in). Rashin sanyi na Benguela Current [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] yana da tasiri mai matsakaici a kan yanayin bakin teku tare da ƙananan bambance-bambance a yanayin rana da na yanayi. == Manazarta == h44j1ezociwy9qqdqyvynb8toe7byuz 843077 843075 2026-05-30T06:22:12Z Pharouqenr 25549 843077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:James_Edward_Alexander00.jpg|thumb|Lithograph na James Edward Alexander wanda aka sanya sunan garin.]] '''Alexander Bay''' ( Afrikaans ) gari ne da ke arewa maso yammacin [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Yana gefen kudu na bakin [[Kogin Orange|Orange River]] . An sanya masa suna ne saboda Sir James Alexander, wanda shi ne mutum na farko da ya zana taswirar yankin yayin da yake wani balaguron Royal Geographical Society zuwa [[Namibiya|Namibia]] a shekarar 1836. (Mutane da yawa suna tunanin cewa shi ne ya fara haƙar tagulla a yankin.) Da aka gano lu'u-lu'u a gabar [[West Coast, Northern Cape|tekun Yammacin Afirka]] a shekarar 1925, an kafa Alexander Bay don yi wa masana'antar haƙar ma'adinai hidima.<ref>Alexander Bay Climate Normals 1961−1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (FTP). Retrieved 29 November 2013. (To view documents see Help:FTP)</ref> Garin Oranjemund yana kan iyakar arewacin kogin, wanda ya zama iyakar kasa da kasa tare da [[Namibiya|Namibia]]. Garin biyu suna da alaƙa da [[Ernest Oppenheimer]] Bridge">Ernest Oppenheimer Bridge, mai suna Ernest Oppenhaimer a cikin 1951. Filin jirgin saman Alexander Bay ne ke ba da sabis ga garin. == Tarihi == === Diamonds === Bayan da aka gano lu'u-lu'u a wannan bakin tekun a cikin 1925 ta hanyar Dokta Hans Merensky, Alexander Bay ya zama sananne ga ayyukan hakar ma'adinai. Sakamakon saurin lu'u-lu'u ya haifar da tawaye na Diamond Coast na 1928. === Jan ƙarfe === An tura ma'adinin jan ƙarfe ta hanyar Richtersveld a cikin jirage zuwa Kogin Orange don fitarwa daga wannan bay. Garin yanki ne mai tsaron gaske kuma ana buƙatar izini lokacin da aka shiga. Ba yanki ne mai tsaron gaske ba kuma ba a buƙatar izini. Alexander Bay ita ce birni mafi nisa da ke arewacin gabar yammacin Afirka ta Kudu. Kogin Orange ya shiga Tekun Atlantika a Alexander Bay . Yankin ruwa na Kogin Orange ya zama iyaka tsakanin Afirka ta Kudu da Namibia. Yankin ruwa na Kogin Orange wani wuri ne na Ramsar. Filin kore da orange lichen suna girma a kan tudu kusa da garin Alexander Bay. Yana da kilomita 240 (150 arewa maso yammacin Springbok, cibiyar gudanarwa ta Namaqualand. Da yake yana kusa da ƙarshen kudancin hamadar Namib, a hukumance shi ne kuma birni mafi bushe a Afirka ta Kudu tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na kasa da millimeters 51 (2 in). Rashin sanyi na Benguela Current [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] yana da tasiri mai matsakaici a kan yanayin bakin teku tare da ƙananan bambance-bambance a yanayin rana da na yanayi. == Manazarta == myy1mk3ug0dpp8tqhl3apq3r32ayp1f 0 153317 843078 2026-05-30T06:22:35Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342788668|Augrabies Falls]]" 843078 wikitext text/x-wiki Ruwan Augrabies /ɔːˈxrɑːbiːz/ wani ruwa ne a kan [[Kogin Orange]], kogin da ya fi girma a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Tun daga shekara ta 1966 ruwan da aka kafa a cikin wani wuri mai tsayi da tsayi, an kewaye shi da filin shakatawa na '''Augrabies Falls'''. Ruwan yana kusa da mita 56 (184 a tsawo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Augrabies Falls {{!}} World Waterfall Database |url=http://www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com/waterfall/Augrabies-Falls-116/ |access-date=2017-02-21 |website=www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com}}</ref> Wasu kafofin sun ambaci kimanin tsawo na mita 146 (479 ; wannan shine ainihin tsawo daga gindin canyon zuwa saman ganuwar, ba na faduwar kansu ba.<ref name=":0" /> == Bincike == Mazaunan [[Khoekhoe|Khoikhoi]] na asali sun ba da sunan "Ankoerebis" - "wurin babban hayaniya" - daga inda Trek Boers, waɗanda suka zauna a nan daga baya, suka samo sunan, "Augrabies". Shugaba na karshe na mazaunan yankin shine Klaas Pofadder wanda ke zaune a tsibirin da ke saman faduwar, wanda yanzu ake kira Klaas Island. Mutumin Turai na farko da ya ga faduwar shi ne dan kasuwa na Sweden Hendrik Jakob Wikar . <ref name="wm">{{Cite web |date=9 February 2019 |title=Augrabies Falls |url=https://www.wondermondo.com/augrabies-falls/ |access-date=1 October 2019 |website=WonderMondo}}</ref> Ya isa faduwar a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1778, bayan shekaru masu yawa a cikin jeji. Lokacin da wani matafiyi, George Thompson, ya kai shi ga faduwar ta hanyar jagororin Koranna a 1826, ya sanya masa suna bayan Sarki George IV. A farkon shekarun 1920 soja, mai kasada da kuma dan siyasa Deneys Reitz sun yi iyo a cikin tafkin da ke bayan faduwar, suna da'awar cewa shi ne mutum na farko da ya yi hakan kuma ya rayu. == Girma == Ruwan Augrabies ya sami girman {{Convert|7800|m3}} na ruwa a kowace daƙiƙa a ambaliyar ruwa a shekarar 1988 (da kuma {{Convert|6800|m3}} a cikin ambaliyar ruwa ta 2006). Wannan ya ninka matsakaicin yawan kwararar ruwa a lokacin [[Niagara Falls]] sau uku na {{Convert|2400|m3}} a kowace daƙiƙa, fiye da sau huɗu matsakaicin Niagara na shekara-shekara, kuma ya fi rikodin Niagara na {{Convert|6800|m3}} a duk lokacin da aka samu a kowace daƙiƙa. Kwazazzaben da ke magudanar ruwa ta Augrabies yana da {{Convert|240|m|ft}} zurfi da {{Convert|18|km|mi}} tsayi, kuma misali ne mai ban sha'awa na zaizayar ƙasa ta dutse. == Hadari == Tun daga shekara ta 1966, fiye da mutane 20 sun mutu a cikin kwarin, kuma biyar sun mamaye faduwar. Wani yawon bude ido na Scandinavia duk da haka ya tsira daga faduwa cikin gorge a 1979, kamar yadda wani mutumin da aka shafe shi a kan faduwar a watan Oktoba 1981. An kama gawarwakin wasu a cikin tafkin da ke ƙasa kuma ba a taɓa samun su ba. Hakazalika, dabbobi ciki har da shanu da hippopotamuses an shafe su a kan faduwar.<ref name="wm">{{Cite web |date=9 February 2019 |title=Augrabies Falls |url=https://www.wondermondo.com/augrabies-falls/ |access-date=1 October 2019 |website=WonderMondo}}</ref> == Manazarta == 93dbxgl8l2nbvt0ha1psr8upg9unoxi 843079 843078 2026-05-30T06:22:59Z Pharouqenr 25549 843079 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ruwan Augrabies''' /ɔːˈxrɑːbiːz/ wani ruwa ne a kan [[Kogin Orange]], kogin da ya fi girma a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Tun daga shekara ta 1966 ruwan da aka kafa a cikin wani wuri mai tsayi da tsayi, an kewaye shi da filin shakatawa na '''Augrabies Falls'''. Ruwan yana kusa da mita 56 (184 a tsawo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Augrabies Falls {{!}} World Waterfall Database |url=http://www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com/waterfall/Augrabies-Falls-116/ |access-date=2017-02-21 |website=www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com}}</ref> Wasu kafofin sun ambaci kimanin tsawo na mita 146 (479 ; wannan shine ainihin tsawo daga gindin canyon zuwa saman ganuwar, ba na faduwar kansu ba.<ref name=":0" /> == Bincike == Mazaunan [[Khoekhoe|Khoikhoi]] na asali sun ba da sunan "Ankoerebis" - "wurin babban hayaniya" - daga inda Trek Boers, waɗanda suka zauna a nan daga baya, suka samo sunan, "Augrabies". Shugaba na karshe na mazaunan yankin shine Klaas Pofadder wanda ke zaune a tsibirin da ke saman faduwar, wanda yanzu ake kira Klaas Island. Mutumin Turai na farko da ya ga faduwar shi ne dan kasuwa na Sweden Hendrik Jakob Wikar . <ref name="wm">{{Cite web |date=9 February 2019 |title=Augrabies Falls |url=https://www.wondermondo.com/augrabies-falls/ |access-date=1 October 2019 |website=WonderMondo}}</ref> Ya isa faduwar a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1778, bayan shekaru masu yawa a cikin jeji. Lokacin da wani matafiyi, George Thompson, ya kai shi ga faduwar ta hanyar jagororin Koranna a 1826, ya sanya masa suna bayan Sarki George IV. A farkon shekarun 1920 soja, mai kasada da kuma dan siyasa Deneys Reitz sun yi iyo a cikin tafkin da ke bayan faduwar, suna da'awar cewa shi ne mutum na farko da ya yi hakan kuma ya rayu. == Girma == Ruwan Augrabies ya sami girman {{Convert|7800|m3}} na ruwa a kowace daƙiƙa a ambaliyar ruwa a shekarar 1988 (da kuma {{Convert|6800|m3}} a cikin ambaliyar ruwa ta 2006). Wannan ya ninka matsakaicin yawan kwararar ruwa a lokacin [[Niagara Falls]] sau uku na {{Convert|2400|m3}} a kowace daƙiƙa, fiye da sau huɗu matsakaicin Niagara na shekara-shekara, kuma ya fi rikodin Niagara na {{Convert|6800|m3}} a duk lokacin da aka samu a kowace daƙiƙa. Kwazazzaben da ke magudanar ruwa ta Augrabies yana da {{Convert|240|m|ft}} zurfi da {{Convert|18|km|mi}} tsayi, kuma misali ne mai ban sha'awa na zaizayar ƙasa ta dutse. == Hadari == Tun daga shekara ta 1966, fiye da mutane 20 sun mutu a cikin kwarin, kuma biyar sun mamaye faduwar. Wani yawon bude ido na Scandinavia duk da haka ya tsira daga faduwa cikin gorge a 1979, kamar yadda wani mutumin da aka shafe shi a kan faduwar a watan Oktoba 1981. An kama gawarwakin wasu a cikin tafkin da ke ƙasa kuma ba a taɓa samun su ba. Hakazalika, dabbobi ciki har da shanu da hippopotamuses an shafe su a kan faduwar.<ref name="wm">{{Cite web |date=9 February 2019 |title=Augrabies Falls |url=https://www.wondermondo.com/augrabies-falls/ |access-date=1 October 2019 |website=WonderMondo}}</ref> == Manazarta == p3p1gtlju6rknj4wpjglmc5hmuy51sg 0 153318 843080 2026-05-30T06:23:20Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339878076|Augrabies Falls National Park]]" 843080 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gidan shakatawa na Augrabies Falls''' wani wurin shakatawa ne na kasa wanda ke kusa da Augrabies Fall, kimanin kilomita {{Cvt|120|km}} (75 yammacin Upington a Lardin Arewacin Cape, [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Wurin shakatawa na ƙasa na Augrabies Falls ya ƙunshi faɗin fili mai fadin murabba'in {{Cvt|820|km2}} <ref>{{Cite web |title=Augrabies Falls National Park (South African media online) |url=http://sanparks.africamediaonline.com/mmc/gallery/detail/events/augrabies_falls_national_park |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304105200/http://sanparks.africamediaonline.com/mmc/gallery/detail/events/augrabies_falls_national_park |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=30 July 2015 |website=sanparks.africamediaonline.com/}}</ref> kuma ya miƙe tare da [[Kogin Orange]] . Yankin yana da bushewa sosai. Ruwan ruwan yana da kusan {{Cvt|60|metres}} tsayi <ref>{{Cite web |title=Augrabies Falls National Park |url=http://www.places.co.za/accommodation/augrabies-falls-national-park.html |access-date=30 July 2015 |website=SA Places}}</ref> kuma yana da ban mamaki lokacin da kogin ke cikin ambaliyar ruwa. Kwazazzabin da ke ƙarƙashin ruwan sama yana da matsakaicin kusan {{Cvt|240|m}} zurfi kuma yana gudana don {{Cvt|18|km}} . Kwazazzabon ya ba da misali mai ban sha'awa na zaizayar ƙasa zuwa cikin ginshiki mai duwatsu . An kafa wurin shakatawa a shekarar 1966. == Mazauna asali == Asalin mutanen [[Khoekhoe]] sun sanya wa ruwan suna Ankoerebis, ma'ana "wurin hayaniya mai girma". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Augrabies Falls National Park |url=http://www.sanparks.co.za/parks/augrabies/ |access-date=30 July 2015}}</ref> Al'ummomin [[Khoisan|Khoi]] da [[Mutanen San|San]] a cikin babban wurin shakatawa na ƙasa suna zaune a cikin bukkoki masu katanga da ake kira matjiehuise . Bukkokin sun dace da yanayin zafi da sanyi. A lokacin zafi mai zafi, tushen bishiyar da aka samar da tabarmi yana raguwa, wanda ke ba da damar bayyana gibi - yana ƙirƙirar tsarin sanyaya iska. Juyawar tana faruwa ne a lokacin sanyi, yayin da tushen ya faɗaɗa don hana sanyi fita. Trekboers waɗanda daga baya suka zauna a yankin sun samo sunan Augrabies. Wani lokaci ana rubuta sunan Aughrabies. Akwai tarin lu'u-lu'u masu yawa a gefen Kogin Orange kuma tatsuniya ta nuna cewa mafi girman tarin lu'u-lu'u a duniya yana cikin ramin juyawa da ya lalace cikin dutse a ƙasan ruwan da ke ƙarƙashin ruwan sama. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Encounter South Africa: Augrabies Falls |url=http://www.encounter.co.za/article/89.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126185720/http://www.encounter.co.za/article/89.html |archive-date=26 January 2018 |access-date=30 July 2015}}</ref> == Rayuwar dabbobi da shuke-shuke == [[Fayil:Sociable_Weavers_nest_in_Quiver_Tree_(Aloidendron_dichotomum)_(51008121987).jpg|left|thumb|Mai saƙa mai zaman kansa a cikin Itacen Quiver.]] Tsire-tsire mafi mahimmanci a cikin wurin shakatawa shine babban itace aloe (''Aloidendron dichotomum'') wanda aka sani a cikin gida kamar itacen quiver ko kokerboom . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Augrabies Falls, Northern Cape |url=http://www.southafrica.net/za/en/articles/entry/article-southafrica.net-augrabies-falls-northern-cape |access-date=30 July 2015}}</ref> Ya dace da wuraren da aka bushe a cikin hamada da aka samu a cikin Nama-Karoo, yana iya tsayayya da matsanancin yanayin zafi da ƙasa marar amfani. Wannan itacen, wanda ke girma har zuwa mita biyar, ya sami sunansa daga gaskiyar cewa Bushmen (San) sun yi amfani da rassan masu laushi don yin kibiya ga kibiyarsu. Halin da ke kama ido na itacen quiver ya dace da wannan ɓangaren yankin Arewacin Cape. Lokacin da bishiyoyi suka yi fure a cikin hunturu, ana jan hankalin tsuntsaye ga ruwan tsami mai yawa, kuma ana iya ganin baboons suna tsage furanni don samun barasa mai dadi. Itacen makiyayi, itace mai tsayi wanda ke girma a cikin busasshiyar, bude gandun daji da bushveld, ana iya samunsa a yankin. Al'ummomin Khoi da San da ke kewaye da waɗannan yankuna suna riƙe da wannan itacen cikin girmamawa mai zurfi; an haramta hallaka shi sosai. Wannan itacen kuma yana girma a wani ɓangare na lardin Free State. Akwai nau'ikan dabbobi da yawa a kan hekta 28 000 na Gidan shakatawa na Augrabies. Wasan kamar springbok, gemsbok da kuma tsakiya na tsakiya na kudancin tsakiya ana iya samun su a nan. Ana iya ganin dabbobi masu ban sha'awa kamar Cape clawless otter a yankin, tare da Jackal mai baki, Caracal, fox mai kunne da kuma kare na Afirka. [[Fayil:Echo_Corner_in_Augrabies_Falls_National_Park.jpg|left|thumb|Halin ra'ayi na Echo Corner ya ƙunshi yawan namun daji.]] Ana iya samun Mai kula da Nilu, mafi girman lizard na Afirka, tare da ruwa. Za'a iya samun Sandgrouse mai laushi biyu a nan, tare da Namaqua sandgrouse da aka fi gani. Ana samun waɗannan a cikin tsarin ruwa mai laushi, lagoons, da teku muddin akwai ruwan sha mai laushi. Wani shahararren alama a cikin wurin shakatawa shine Moon Rock, babban dome mai tsayi wanda ke auna kusan mita 700 (2,300 da mita 100 (330 da kuma mita 30 (98 tsawo.<ref name="koedoe40-2">{{Cite journal |last=African Protected Area Conservation and Science |year=1997 |title=Popups on Moon Rock, Augrabies Falls National Park |url=http://www.koedoe.co.za/index.php/koedoe/issue/view/22 |journal=Koedoe |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=75–84 |doi=10.4102/koedoe.v40i2.274 |issn=0075-6458 |access-date=12 July 2010 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Baya ga Augrabies Falls, manyan ayyukan da ke cikin wurin shakatawa sun haɗa da tafiye-tafiye na dare a lokacin mafi girma; hanyar Dassie da tafiyar tafiye-taren Klipspringer na kwana 3. Gidan shakatawa na Augrabies yana da kimanin awanni 8 daga Cape Town, da kuma awanni 10 daga [[Johannesburg]].<ref name="Northern Cape" /> == Manazarta == mdcba401ds5dp72pdu1nahtyh6jsfen 843081 843080 2026-05-30T06:23:40Z Pharouqenr 25549 843081 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gidan shakatawa na Augrabies Falls''' wani wurin shakatawa ne na kasa wanda ke kusa da Augrabies Fall, kimanin kilomita {{Cvt|120|km}} (75 yammacin Upington a Lardin Arewacin Cape, [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Wurin shakatawa na ƙasa na Augrabies Falls ya ƙunshi faɗin fili mai fadin murabba'in {{Cvt|820|km2}} <ref>{{Cite web |title=Augrabies Falls National Park (South African media online) |url=http://sanparks.africamediaonline.com/mmc/gallery/detail/events/augrabies_falls_national_park |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304105200/http://sanparks.africamediaonline.com/mmc/gallery/detail/events/augrabies_falls_national_park |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=30 July 2015 |website=sanparks.africamediaonline.com/}}</ref> kuma ya miƙe tare da [[Kogin Orange]] . Yankin yana da bushewa sosai. Ruwan ruwan yana da kusan {{Cvt|60|metres}} tsayi <ref>{{Cite web |title=Augrabies Falls National Park |url=http://www.places.co.za/accommodation/augrabies-falls-national-park.html |access-date=30 July 2015 |website=SA Places}}</ref> kuma yana da ban mamaki lokacin da kogin ke cikin ambaliyar ruwa. Kwazazzabin da ke ƙarƙashin ruwan sama yana da matsakaicin kusan {{Cvt|240|m}} zurfi kuma yana gudana don {{Cvt|18|km}} . Kwazazzabon ya ba da misali mai ban sha'awa na zaizayar ƙasa zuwa cikin ginshiki mai duwatsu . An kafa wurin shakatawa a shekarar 1966. == Mazauna asali == Asalin mutanen [[Khoekhoe]] sun sanya wa ruwan suna Ankoerebis, ma'ana "wurin hayaniya mai girma". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Augrabies Falls National Park |url=http://www.sanparks.co.za/parks/augrabies/ |access-date=30 July 2015}}</ref> Al'ummomin [[Khoisan|Khoi]] da [[Mutanen San|San]] a cikin babban wurin shakatawa na ƙasa suna zaune a cikin bukkoki masu katanga da ake kira matjiehuise . Bukkokin sun dace da yanayin zafi da sanyi. A lokacin zafi mai zafi, tushen bishiyar da aka samar da tabarmi yana raguwa, wanda ke ba da damar bayyana gibi - yana ƙirƙirar tsarin sanyaya iska. Juyawar tana faruwa ne a lokacin sanyi, yayin da tushen ya faɗaɗa don hana sanyi fita. Trekboers waɗanda daga baya suka zauna a yankin sun samo sunan Augrabies. Wani lokaci ana rubuta sunan Aughrabies. Akwai tarin lu'u-lu'u masu yawa a gefen Kogin Orange kuma tatsuniya ta nuna cewa mafi girman tarin lu'u-lu'u a duniya yana cikin ramin juyawa da ya lalace cikin dutse a ƙasan ruwan da ke ƙarƙashin ruwan sama. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Encounter South Africa: Augrabies Falls |url=http://www.encounter.co.za/article/89.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126185720/http://www.encounter.co.za/article/89.html |archive-date=26 January 2018 |access-date=30 July 2015}}</ref> == Rayuwar dabbobi da shuke-shuke == [[Fayil:Sociable_Weavers_nest_in_Quiver_Tree_(Aloidendron_dichotomum)_(51008121987).jpg|left|thumb|Mai saƙa mai zaman kansa a cikin Itacen Quiver.]] Tsire-tsire mafi mahimmanci a cikin wurin shakatawa shine babban itace aloe (''Aloidendron dichotomum'') wanda aka sani a cikin gida kamar itacen quiver ko kokerboom . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Augrabies Falls, Northern Cape |url=http://www.southafrica.net/za/en/articles/entry/article-southafrica.net-augrabies-falls-northern-cape |access-date=30 July 2015}}</ref> Ya dace da wuraren da aka bushe a cikin hamada da aka samu a cikin Nama-Karoo, yana iya tsayayya da matsanancin yanayin zafi da ƙasa marar amfani. Wannan itacen, wanda ke girma har zuwa mita biyar, ya sami sunansa daga gaskiyar cewa Bushmen (San) sun yi amfani da rassan masu laushi don yin kibiya ga kibiyarsu. Halin da ke kama ido na itacen quiver ya dace da wannan ɓangaren yankin Arewacin Cape. Lokacin da bishiyoyi suka yi fure a cikin hunturu, ana jan hankalin tsuntsaye ga ruwan tsami mai yawa, kuma ana iya ganin baboons suna tsage furanni don samun barasa mai dadi. Itacen makiyayi, itace mai tsayi wanda ke girma a cikin busasshiyar, bude gandun daji da bushveld, ana iya samunsa a yankin. Al'ummomin Khoi da San da ke kewaye da waɗannan yankuna suna riƙe da wannan itacen cikin girmamawa mai zurfi; an haramta hallaka shi sosai. Wannan itacen kuma yana girma a wani ɓangare na lardin Free State. Akwai nau'ikan dabbobi da yawa a kan hekta 28 000 na Gidan shakatawa na Augrabies. Wasan kamar springbok, gemsbok da kuma tsakiya na tsakiya na kudancin tsakiya ana iya samun su a nan. Ana iya ganin dabbobi masu ban sha'awa kamar Cape clawless otter a yankin, tare da Jackal mai baki, Caracal, fox mai kunne da kuma kare na Afirka. [[Fayil:Echo_Corner_in_Augrabies_Falls_National_Park.jpg|left|thumb|Halin ra'ayi na Echo Corner ya ƙunshi yawan namun daji.]] Ana iya samun Mai kula da Nilu, mafi girman lizard na Afirka, tare da ruwa. Za'a iya samun Sandgrouse mai laushi biyu a nan, tare da Namaqua sandgrouse da aka fi gani. Ana samun waɗannan a cikin tsarin ruwa mai laushi, lagoons, da teku muddin akwai ruwan sha mai laushi. Wani shahararren alama a cikin wurin shakatawa shine Moon Rock, babban dome mai tsayi wanda ke auna kusan mita 700 (2,300 da mita 100 (330 da kuma mita 30 (98 tsawo.<ref name="koedoe40-2">{{Cite journal |last=African Protected Area Conservation and Science |year=1997 |title=Popups on Moon Rock, Augrabies Falls National Park |url=http://www.koedoe.co.za/index.php/koedoe/issue/view/22 |journal=Koedoe |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=75–84 |doi=10.4102/koedoe.v40i2.274 |issn=0075-6458 |access-date=12 July 2010 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Baya ga Augrabies Falls, manyan ayyukan da ke cikin wurin shakatawa sun haɗa da tafiye-tafiye na dare a lokacin mafi girma; hanyar Dassie da tafiyar tafiye-taren Klipspringer na kwana 3. Gidan shakatawa na Augrabies yana da kimanin awanni 8 daga Cape Town, da kuma awanni 10 daga [[Johannesburg]].<ref name="Northern Cape" /> == Manazarta == a0gmdygk7ew0ymsp7ugwssfb08oof97 0 153319 843083 2026-05-30T06:24:01Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332509029|Chris Hani District Municipality]]" 843083 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gundumar Chris Hani''' (Xhosa: uMasipala weSithili sase Chris Hani) wata karamar hukuma ce da ke tsakiyar lardin Gabashin Cape na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma ta ƙunshi kananan hukumomi takwas. Yawancin al'ummomin suna cikin yankunan karkara. Yankin ya fito ne daga tsaunuka masu laushi da tuddai masu ciyawa zuwa busassun Karoo. A cikin 2016, yankin ya ba da rahoton yawan mutane 840,000, wanda ya kai kashi 1.5% na yawan jama'ar Afirka ta Kudu da kashi 12% na yawan jama-ar Gabashin Cape. Yawancin ayyukan karamar hukumar gundumar sun dogara ne akan ma'aikata marasa ƙwarewa. == Gundumar Gundumar == [[Fayil:Map_of_the_Eastern_Cape_with_municipalities_named_and_districts_shaded_(2016).svg|left|thumb|200x200px|Taswirar Gabashin Cape tare da kananan hukumomi da aka sanya sunaye da gundumomi da aka inuwa (2016) ]] A gabas akwai Emalahleni, Dr AB Xuma (a baya Engcobo), <ref>{{Cite web |last=Menzelwa |first=Zolile |title=Engcobo Local Municipality changes name to Dr AB Xuma Local Municipality |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/community-newspaper/mthathaexpress/watch-engcobo-local-municipality-changes-name-to-dr-ab-xuma-local-municipality-20220609 |access-date=2023-08-24 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> Intsika Yethu, Karamar Hukumar Sakhisizwe da kuma wani sashi na Karamar Hukumar Enoch Mgijima. Wadannan kananan hukumomi sun kasance wani ɓangare na Transkei ko Ciskei, waɗanda tsoffin gidaje ne a lokacin wariyar launin fata, waɗanda aka tsara don raba kabilun daban-daban. Wannan yanki har yanzu ana nuna shi ta ƙauyukan ƙauyuka da ayyukan noma na yau da kullun.<ref>Contact list: Executive Mayors". Government Communication & Information System. Archived from the original on 14 July 2010. Retrieved 22 February 2012.</ref> Garin Inxuba Yethemba da Garin Enoch Mgijima suna kwance a yamma. Wadannan yankuna sun kasance wani ɓangare na Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu a lokacin wariyar launin fata. An gano masana'antar noma ta gundumar a matsayin dualistic tun lokacin da aka raba shi zuwa tattalin arzikin farko na aikin gona na kasuwanci da tattalin arzikin na biyu na aikin gona. Duk da mahimman kayan aikin gona, kananan hukumomi masu shigo da abinci ne. == Bayar da Sabis == Bayar da ayyuka na asali yana da iyaka musamman a cikin kananan hukumomin gabas waɗanda galibi yankunan karkara ne. Backlogs sun haɗa da isar da ruwan famfo da isasshen [[Tsabtace Yanayi|tsabtace muhalli]], kayan aikin makaranta da hanyoyin tarred. === Babban Hanyoyi === Gundumar tana kan tsakiya na N6 daga Gabashin London zuwa Aliwal North ta hanyar Komani, R61 daga Komani zuwa Mthatha ta hanyar Cofimvaba ta hanyar Ngcobo da N10 daga Middelburg zuwa Aliwal Arewa ta hanyar Cradock . Shaidar hanyoyin tarred a sauran yankunan gundumar tana ƙasa da matsakaicin lardin Gabashin Cape - wanda ke haifar da iyakancewar sufuri na jama'a da samun damar zuwa wuraren kiwon lafiya a manyan garuruwa. === Ruwa === Gundumar gundumar tana kan ruwa na tsarin kogi huɗu. Wadannan sune [[Kogin Orange]], Babban Kogin Kifi, Kogin Mbashe da Babban Kogin Kei. Maɓuɓɓugar ruwa na sama suna ba da ruwa ga yawancin garuruwa a yankin yayin da kaɗan ne kawai suka dogara da samar da [[Ruwa na kasa|Ruwa na ƙasa]]. A yankunan karkara, al'ummomi suna amfani da ruwa daga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, rafi da ramuka marasa kariya. Ga gonakin kasuwanci a yamma, samar da ruwa yawanci ruwan kasa ne daga ramuka. == Manazarta == kp2eirbccqh74saq2xb1tbj69u9i3lh 843084 843083 2026-05-30T06:24:21Z Pharouqenr 25549 843084 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gundumar Chris Hani''' (Xhosa: uMasipala weSithili sase Chris Hani) wata karamar hukuma ce da ke tsakiyar lardin Gabashin Cape na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma ta ƙunshi kananan hukumomi takwas. Yawancin al'ummomin suna cikin yankunan karkara. Yankin ya fito ne daga tsaunuka masu laushi da tuddai masu ciyawa zuwa busassun Karoo. A cikin 2016, yankin ya ba da rahoton yawan mutane 840,000, wanda ya kai kashi 1.5% na yawan jama'ar Afirka ta Kudu da kashi 12% na yawan jama-ar Gabashin Cape. Yawancin ayyukan karamar hukumar gundumar sun dogara ne akan ma'aikata marasa ƙwarewa. == Gundumar Gundumar == [[Fayil:Map_of_the_Eastern_Cape_with_municipalities_named_and_districts_shaded_(2016).svg|left|thumb|200x200px|Taswirar Gabashin Cape tare da kananan hukumomi da aka sanya sunaye da gundumomi da aka inuwa (2016) ]] A gabas akwai Emalahleni, Dr AB Xuma (a baya Engcobo), <ref>{{Cite web |last=Menzelwa |first=Zolile |title=Engcobo Local Municipality changes name to Dr AB Xuma Local Municipality |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/community-newspaper/mthathaexpress/watch-engcobo-local-municipality-changes-name-to-dr-ab-xuma-local-municipality-20220609 |access-date=2023-08-24 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> Intsika Yethu, Karamar Hukumar Sakhisizwe da kuma wani sashi na Karamar Hukumar Enoch Mgijima. Wadannan kananan hukumomi sun kasance wani ɓangare na Transkei ko Ciskei, waɗanda tsoffin gidaje ne a lokacin wariyar launin fata, waɗanda aka tsara don raba kabilun daban-daban. Wannan yanki har yanzu ana nuna shi ta ƙauyukan ƙauyuka da ayyukan noma na yau da kullun.<ref>Contact list: Executive Mayors". Government Communication & Information System. Archived from the original on 14 July 2010. Retrieved 22 February 2012.</ref> Garin Inxuba Yethemba da Garin Enoch Mgijima suna kwance a yamma. Wadannan yankuna sun kasance wani ɓangare na Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu a lokacin wariyar launin fata. An gano masana'antar noma ta gundumar a matsayin dualistic tun lokacin da aka raba shi zuwa tattalin arzikin farko na aikin gona na kasuwanci da tattalin arzikin na biyu na aikin gona. Duk da mahimman kayan aikin gona, kananan hukumomi masu shigo da abinci ne. == Bayar da Sabis == Bayar da ayyuka na asali yana da iyaka musamman a cikin kananan hukumomin gabas waɗanda galibi yankunan karkara ne. Backlogs sun haɗa da isar da ruwan famfo da isasshen [[Tsabtace Yanayi|tsabtace muhalli]], kayan aikin makaranta da hanyoyin tarred. === Babban Hanyoyi === Gundumar tana kan tsakiya na N6 daga Gabashin London zuwa Aliwal North ta hanyar Komani, R61 daga Komani zuwa Mthatha ta hanyar Cofimvaba ta hanyar Ngcobo da N10 daga Middelburg zuwa Aliwal Arewa ta hanyar Cradock . Shaidar hanyoyin tarred a sauran yankunan gundumar tana ƙasa da matsakaicin lardin Gabashin Cape - wanda ke haifar da iyakancewar sufuri na jama'a da samun damar zuwa wuraren kiwon lafiya a manyan garuruwa. === Ruwa === Gundumar gundumar tana kan ruwa na tsarin kogi huɗu. Wadannan sune [[Kogin Orange]], Babban Kogin Kifi, Kogin Mbashe da Babban Kogin Kei. Maɓuɓɓugar ruwa na sama suna ba da ruwa ga yawancin garuruwa a yankin yayin da kaɗan ne kawai suka dogara da samar da [[Ruwa na kasa|Ruwa na ƙasa]]. A yankunan karkara, al'ummomi suna amfani da ruwa daga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, rafi da ramuka marasa kariya. Ga gonakin kasuwanci a yamma, samar da ruwa yawanci ruwan kasa ne daga ramuka. == Manazarta == 4xbobcye6yfbag5z3bgag81hr18rye7 0 153320 843085 2026-05-30T06:24:42Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1179354281|Gariep Nature Reserve]]" 843085 wikitext text/x-wiki Gariep Nature Reserve, wanda aka fi sani da Gariep Dam Nature Reserve, kuma wanda aka fi saninsa da ''Hendrik Verwoerd Dam Nature Reserve'' . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-30 |title=The BDI visits the Karoo Gariep Nature Reserve ... |url=http://thebdi.org/2019/05/30/the-bdi-visits-the-karoo-gariep-nature-reserve/ |access-date=2023-10-09 |website=BDI |language=en-ZA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=@NatGeoUK |date=2020-04-04 |title=Hitting the road in South Africa’s largest province: eight spectacular routes exploring the Northern Cape |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/travel/2020/04/hitting-the-road-in-south-africas-largest-province-eight-spectacular-routes-exploring-the-northern-cape |access-date=2023-10-09 |website=National Geographic |language=en-gb}}</ref> Ya rufe dukkan iyakar arewacin yankin Gariep Dam. Dam din da kansa yana cikin wani kwari a ƙofar Ruigte Valley, garin da ya fi kusa da ajiyar shi ne Norvalspont (kimanin kilomita 5) a bayan bangon madatsar ruwan. Tafkin ya mamaye yanki na hekta 36,487.&nbsp; == Manazarta == caocoeaop97c442ma4u7g67xqrdi623 843086 843085 2026-05-30T06:25:04Z Pharouqenr 25549 843086 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gariep Nature Reserve''', wanda aka fi sani da Gariep Dam Nature Reserve, kuma wanda aka fi saninsa da ''Hendrik Verwoerd Dam Nature Reserve'' . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-30 |title=The BDI visits the Karoo Gariep Nature Reserve ... |url=http://thebdi.org/2019/05/30/the-bdi-visits-the-karoo-gariep-nature-reserve/ |access-date=2023-10-09 |website=BDI |language=en-ZA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=@NatGeoUK |date=2020-04-04 |title=Hitting the road in South Africa’s largest province: eight spectacular routes exploring the Northern Cape |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/travel/2020/04/hitting-the-road-in-south-africas-largest-province-eight-spectacular-routes-exploring-the-northern-cape |access-date=2023-10-09 |website=National Geographic |language=en-gb}}</ref> Ya rufe dukkan iyakar arewacin yankin Gariep Dam. Dam din da kansa yana cikin wani kwari a ƙofar Ruigte Valley, garin da ya fi kusa da ajiyar shi ne Norvalspont (kimanin kilomita 5) a bayan bangon madatsar ruwan. Tafkin ya mamaye yanki na hekta 36,487.&nbsp; == Manazarta == cxiufpgcl661qi8kx6xnwodyi5o5jyh 0 153321 843088 2026-05-30T06:25:27Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354180557|Tana River (Kenya)]]" 843088 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Tana''' shine [[kogi]] mafi tsawo a [[Kenya]], ana kuma kiransa Kogin Sagana a yankin Dutsen Kenya kuma an ba shi suna ga [[Gundumar Kogin Tana]] . Kimanin 1000 ne&nbsp;Tsawon kilomita, magudanar ruwanta ta mamaye kusan 100,000&nbsp;<sup>km2</sup> kuma ana iya raba shi zuwa ga ruwa da kuma ƙasan Tana wanda ya ƙunshi ɓangaren da ke ƙasan Kora inda kogin ke gudana kimanin 700.&nbsp;kilomita ta cikin filayen da ba su da ruwa sosai. Madatsun ruwansa sun haɗa da wasu manyan koguna a Yankin Tsakiya kamar Thika, Kogin Ragati, Nyamindi, Thiba, Mathioya, Chania, Thuci da Mutonga. Kogin ya taso ne daga Dutsen Kenya a Nyeri . Da farko yana tafiya kudu maso yamma kafin ya juya kudu a kusa da dutsen [[Dutsen Kenya|Kenya]] kuma ya karkata har zuwa Tekun Indiya. A ƙasa da madatsar ruwa, kogin ya juya arewa kuma yana gudana tare da iyakar arewa maso kudu tsakanin Meru da North Kitui da Bisanadi, Kora da Rabole National Reserves. A cikin ajiyar kogin ya juya gabas, sannan kudu maso gabas. Yana wucewa ta garuruwan [[Garissa]], Hola da Garsen kafin ya shiga [[Tekun Indiya]] a yankin [[Ungwana Bay]]-Kipini, a ƙarshen kogin da ya kai kusan kilomita 30 daga bakin kogin kanta. Yana gudana ta cikin yankin da ba shi da ruwa kuma yana ban ruwa da ƙasar da ke kewaye da shi.&nbsp; Gudun shekara-shekara yana sama da mita cubic miliyan 5,000 (MCM) a matsakaici, amma ya bambanta sosai a cikin shekaru da kuma fadin shekaru, kuma ya haɗa da lokutan ambaliyar ruwa guda biyu a kowace shekara Tsakanin 1944 da 1978, matsakaicin jimlar gudana (a Garissa) ya kasance 6,105 MCM, ya bambanta daga 1,789 MCM kawai a 1949 zuwa 13,342 MCM a 1968. A lokacin 1982-1996, kwararar shekara-shekara ta kasance sama da 5,000 MCM. Ana samun ruwa daga kogin ta manyan ayyukan ban ruwa masu zuwa: Bura Irrigation and Settlement Project, Tana Irrigation Scheme da Tana Delta Irrigation Project. Akwai shaidu masu yawa cewa [[Canjin yanayi]] zai rushe Kogin Tana da wuraren da ke kewaye da shi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jenkins |first=Rhosanna L. M. |last2=Warren |first2=Rachel F. |last3=Price |first3=Jeff T. |date=2021-07-21 |title=Addressing risks to biodiversity arising from a changing climate: The need for ecosystem restoration in the Tana River Basin, Kenya |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=16 |issue=7 |bibcode=2021PLoSO..1654879J |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0254879 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=8294490 |pmid=34288974 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Muthuwatta |first=Lal |last2=Sood |first2=Aditya |last3=McCartney |first3=Matthew |last4=Silva |first4=Nishchitha Sandeepana |last5=Opere |first5=Alfred |date=2018-06-05 |title=Understanding the Impacts of Climate Change in the Tana River Basin, Kenya |url=https://piahs.copernicus.org/articles/379/37/2018/ |journal=Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences |language=English |publisher=Copernicus GmbH |volume=379 |pages=37–42 |bibcode=2018PIAHS.379...37M |doi=10.5194/piahs-379-37-2018 |s2cid=51999648 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nakaegawa |first=Tosiyuki |last2=Wachana |first2=Calistus |last3=Group |first3=KAKUSHIN Team-3 Modeling |date=2012 |title=First impact assessment of hydrological cycle in the Tana River Basin, Kenya, under a changing climate in the late 21st Century |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/hrl/6/0/6_0_29/_article |journal=Hydrological Research Letters |volume=6 |pages=29–34 |bibcode=2012HRL.....6...29N |doi=10.3178/hrl.6.29 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Dams == An gina jerin madatsun ruwa na lantarki (Sagaye na Forks Hydro na Bakwai ko Tsarin Forks Bakwai) a gefen kogi. Wadannan sun hada da (don tsari na cascading) madatsar ruwan Masinga (wanda aka ba da izini a 1981 tare da shigar da damar 40MW), madatsar ruwa ta Kamburu (1974, 94.20MW), Madatsar ruwa na Gitaru (1978, 225.25MW), da madatsar madatsar Kindar ruwa (1968, 72MW) da kuma madatsar mmiri ta Kiambere (1988, 168MW).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Adams |first=W.M. |last2=Hughes |first2=F.M.R. |year=1986 |title=The environmental effects of dam construction in tropical Africa: Impacts and planning procedures |journal=Geoforum |volume=17 |issue=3–4 |pages=403–410 |doi=10.1016/0016-7185(86)90007-2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Galadin, H., Bidault, N., Stephen, L., Watkins, B., Dilley, M., and Mutunga, N. |year=2006 |title=Reducing the Impacts of Floods through Early Warning and Preparedness: A Pilot Study for Kenya |url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTDISMGMT/Resources/0821363328.pdf |access-date=2012-06-23 |website=Arnold, Chen, Deichmann, Dilley, Lerner-Lam, Pullen, and Trohanis. Natural Disaster Hotspots Case Studies. |publisher=The World Bank}}</ref> a <ref>{{Cite web |title=KenGen |url=https://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=207:seven-forks-hydro-stations&catid=33:power-stations}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hydropower Stations in Kenya - energypedia |url=https://energypedia.info/wiki/Hydropower_Stations_in_Kenya}}</ref> Rashin Ruwa na Masinga da Rashin ruwa ya Kiambere, wanda madatsar ruwa ta Masinga da Kiambere suka kirkira bi da bi, suna aiki da manufa biyu: wutar lantarki (HEP) da kuma aikin gona. Sauran uku ana amfani da su ne kawai don ƙarni na HEP. Wani binciken da aka yi a shekara ta 2003 ya ba da rahoton cewa kashi biyu bisa uku na bukatun lantarki na Kenya sun fito ne daga jerin madatsun ruwa a Kogin Tana. Mutane da yawa sun yi imanin cewa wannan kogi yana da ruwan kasa a ƙarƙashinsa, amma ba haka ba ne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 2003 |title=Tana River, Kenya: integrating downstream values into hydropower planning |url=http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/casestudy06tana.pdf |access-date=2012-06-24 |website=Case Studies in Wetland Valuation #6 |publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature}}</ref> Ana ba da wutar lantarki ga tsarin grid na ƙasa kuma ana rarraba shi a duk faɗin ƙasar ta hanyar jerin tashoshin, masu canzawa da igiyoyi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KenGen increases hydropower output |url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/KenGen-increases-hydropower-output/1056-4521358-dtimtu/index.html |access-date=2020-02-21 |website=Daily Nation |language=en}}</ref> == Sunayen sunaye == Ana kiran nau'o'in dabbobi masu rarrafe guda biyu na Afirka bayan Kogin Tana: ''Mochlus tanae'' da ''Myriopholis tanae'' . <ref>Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. ("Tana", p. 260).</ref> == Dubi kuma == * [[Tana River Primate National Reserve|Tana River Primate Reserve]] * Shirin Ruwa da Gidauniyar Bura * Shirin Galana Kulalu == Manazarta == kedwkbh6sp08qa7c5nxmi3kdq1papyw 843089 843088 2026-05-30T06:25:48Z Pharouqenr 25549 843089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Tana''' shine [[kogi]] mafi tsawo a [[Kenya]], ana kuma kiransa Kogin Sagana a yankin Dutsen Kenya kuma an ba shi suna ga [[Gundumar Kogin Tana]] . Kimanin 1000 ne&nbsp;Tsawon kilomita, magudanar ruwanta ta mamaye kusan 100,000&nbsp;<sup>km2</sup> kuma ana iya raba shi zuwa ga ruwa da kuma ƙasan Tana wanda ya ƙunshi ɓangaren da ke ƙasan Kora inda kogin ke gudana kimanin 700.&nbsp;kilomita ta cikin filayen da ba su da ruwa sosai. Madatsun ruwansa sun haɗa da wasu manyan koguna a Yankin Tsakiya kamar Thika, Kogin Ragati, Nyamindi, Thiba, Mathioya, Chania, Thuci da Mutonga. Kogin ya taso ne daga Dutsen Kenya a Nyeri . Da farko yana tafiya kudu maso yamma kafin ya juya kudu a kusa da dutsen [[Dutsen Kenya|Kenya]] kuma ya karkata har zuwa Tekun Indiya. A ƙasa da madatsar ruwa, kogin ya juya arewa kuma yana gudana tare da iyakar arewa maso kudu tsakanin Meru da North Kitui da Bisanadi, Kora da Rabole National Reserves. A cikin ajiyar kogin ya juya gabas, sannan kudu maso gabas. Yana wucewa ta garuruwan [[Garissa]], Hola da Garsen kafin ya shiga [[Tekun Indiya]] a yankin [[Ungwana Bay]]-Kipini, a ƙarshen kogin da ya kai kusan kilomita 30 daga bakin kogin kanta. Yana gudana ta cikin yankin da ba shi da ruwa kuma yana ban ruwa da ƙasar da ke kewaye da shi.&nbsp; Gudun shekara-shekara yana sama da mita cubic miliyan 5,000 (MCM) a matsakaici, amma ya bambanta sosai a cikin shekaru da kuma fadin shekaru, kuma ya haɗa da lokutan ambaliyar ruwa guda biyu a kowace shekara Tsakanin 1944 da 1978, matsakaicin jimlar gudana (a Garissa) ya kasance 6,105 MCM, ya bambanta daga 1,789 MCM kawai a 1949 zuwa 13,342 MCM a 1968. A lokacin 1982-1996, kwararar shekara-shekara ta kasance sama da 5,000 MCM. Ana samun ruwa daga kogin ta manyan ayyukan ban ruwa masu zuwa: Bura Irrigation and Settlement Project, Tana Irrigation Scheme da Tana Delta Irrigation Project. Akwai shaidu masu yawa cewa [[Canjin yanayi]] zai rushe Kogin Tana da wuraren da ke kewaye da shi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jenkins |first=Rhosanna L. M. |last2=Warren |first2=Rachel F. |last3=Price |first3=Jeff T. |date=2021-07-21 |title=Addressing risks to biodiversity arising from a changing climate: The need for ecosystem restoration in the Tana River Basin, Kenya |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=16 |issue=7 |bibcode=2021PLoSO..1654879J |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0254879 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=8294490 |pmid=34288974 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Muthuwatta |first=Lal |last2=Sood |first2=Aditya |last3=McCartney |first3=Matthew |last4=Silva |first4=Nishchitha Sandeepana |last5=Opere |first5=Alfred |date=2018-06-05 |title=Understanding the Impacts of Climate Change in the Tana River Basin, Kenya |url=https://piahs.copernicus.org/articles/379/37/2018/ |journal=Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences |language=English |publisher=Copernicus GmbH |volume=379 |pages=37–42 |bibcode=2018PIAHS.379...37M |doi=10.5194/piahs-379-37-2018 |s2cid=51999648 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nakaegawa |first=Tosiyuki |last2=Wachana |first2=Calistus |last3=Group |first3=KAKUSHIN Team-3 Modeling |date=2012 |title=First impact assessment of hydrological cycle in the Tana River Basin, Kenya, under a changing climate in the late 21st Century |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/hrl/6/0/6_0_29/_article |journal=Hydrological Research Letters |volume=6 |pages=29–34 |bibcode=2012HRL.....6...29N |doi=10.3178/hrl.6.29 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Dams == An gina jerin madatsun ruwa na lantarki (Sagaye na Forks Hydro na Bakwai ko Tsarin Forks Bakwai) a gefen kogi. Wadannan sun hada da (don tsari na cascading) madatsar ruwan Masinga (wanda aka ba da izini a 1981 tare da shigar da damar 40MW), madatsar ruwa ta Kamburu (1974, 94.20MW), Madatsar ruwa na Gitaru (1978, 225.25MW), da madatsar madatsar Kindar ruwa (1968, 72MW) da kuma madatsar mmiri ta Kiambere (1988, 168MW).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Adams |first=W.M. |last2=Hughes |first2=F.M.R. |year=1986 |title=The environmental effects of dam construction in tropical Africa: Impacts and planning procedures |journal=Geoforum |volume=17 |issue=3–4 |pages=403–410 |doi=10.1016/0016-7185(86)90007-2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Galadin, H., Bidault, N., Stephen, L., Watkins, B., Dilley, M., and Mutunga, N. |year=2006 |title=Reducing the Impacts of Floods through Early Warning and Preparedness: A Pilot Study for Kenya |url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTDISMGMT/Resources/0821363328.pdf |access-date=2012-06-23 |website=Arnold, Chen, Deichmann, Dilley, Lerner-Lam, Pullen, and Trohanis. Natural Disaster Hotspots Case Studies. |publisher=The World Bank}}</ref> a <ref>{{Cite web |title=KenGen |url=https://www.kengen.co.ke/index.php/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=207:seven-forks-hydro-stations&catid=33:power-stations}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hydropower Stations in Kenya - energypedia |url=https://energypedia.info/wiki/Hydropower_Stations_in_Kenya}}</ref> Rashin Ruwa na Masinga da Rashin ruwa ya Kiambere, wanda madatsar ruwa ta Masinga da Kiambere suka kirkira bi da bi, suna aiki da manufa biyu: wutar lantarki (HEP) da kuma aikin gona. Sauran uku ana amfani da su ne kawai don ƙarni na HEP. Wani binciken da aka yi a shekara ta 2003 ya ba da rahoton cewa kashi biyu bisa uku na bukatun lantarki na Kenya sun fito ne daga jerin madatsun ruwa a Kogin Tana. Mutane da yawa sun yi imanin cewa wannan kogi yana da ruwan kasa a ƙarƙashinsa, amma ba haka ba ne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 2003 |title=Tana River, Kenya: integrating downstream values into hydropower planning |url=http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/casestudy06tana.pdf |access-date=2012-06-24 |website=Case Studies in Wetland Valuation #6 |publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature}}</ref> Ana ba da wutar lantarki ga tsarin grid na ƙasa kuma ana rarraba shi a duk faɗin ƙasar ta hanyar jerin tashoshin, masu canzawa da igiyoyi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KenGen increases hydropower output |url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/KenGen-increases-hydropower-output/1056-4521358-dtimtu/index.html |access-date=2020-02-21 |website=Daily Nation |language=en}}</ref> == Sunayen sunaye == Ana kiran nau'o'in dabbobi masu rarrafe guda biyu na Afirka bayan Kogin Tana: ''Mochlus tanae'' da ''Myriopholis tanae'' . <ref>Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. ("Tana", p. 260).</ref> == Dubi kuma == * [[Tana River Primate National Reserve|Tana River Primate Reserve]] * Shirin Ruwa da Gidauniyar Bura * Shirin Galana Kulalu == Manazarta == k3cqvp023m6ddqq6k1b4byzv9mqlnuh 0 153322 843090 2026-05-30T06:26:09Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1254224554|Nyumba ya Mungu Dam]]" 843090 wikitext text/x-wiki Dam din Nyumba ya Mungu wani madatsar ruwa ne na Tanzaniya, wanda ke cikin Gundumar Mwanga, Yankin [[Dutsen Kilimanjaro|Kilimanjaro]] . An gina shi a ƙarshen shekarun 1960 kuma shine mafi girman ruwa na wucin gadi na yankin Kilimanjaro. '''Ruwa na Numba da Mungu'''. An raba tafkin tare da Gundumar Moshi ta Yankin Kilimanjaro da Gunduma ta Simanjiro ta Yankin Manyara. Nyumba ya Mungu na nufin 'Gidan Allah'. Ikon shigar da shi shine {{Convert|8|MW}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pangani Hydro Systems |url=http://www.tanesco.co.tz/index.php/pangani-hydro-system |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184705/http://www.tanesco.co.tz/index.php/pangani-hydro-system |archive-date=5 February 2018 |access-date=27 July 2015 |website=Tanzania Electric Supply Company}}</ref> == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == === Ruwa === Numba ya Mungu mutum ne da aka yi tafki a Yankin Kilimanjaro . Wannan tafkin yana cikin [[Rafin pangani|Kwarin Kogin Pangani]] na Masai Steppe, kimanin kilomita 50 a kudancin Moshi. Ana ciyar da shi ta manyan hanyoyin ruwa guda biyu, kogin Kikuletwa da Ruvu waɗanda ke zubar da wasu kilomita 7,500 (2,900 sq na tafkin da ya kunshi gandun daji, gandun daji na gaskiya, da hamada ta alpine.&nbsp; An gina shi ne don dalilai na ban ruwa, wutar lantarki da kuma fara masana'antar kamun kifi ta gida. An kammala tafkin a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1965 duk da haka ba a riga an haɓaka tsarin ban ruwa ba. Shirin shi ne gina madatsar ruwa wanda zai yi aiki da manufar adana ambaliyar ruwa, wanda zai ba da damar ci gaba da kimanin kadada 30,000 na aikin gona da samar da wutar lantarki.<ref name="pdjon">{{Cite journal |last=Denny |first=Patrick |date=14 January 2008 |title=Nyumba ya Mungu reservoir, Tanzania: The general features |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=5–28 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8312.1978.tb00002.x}}</ref> A shekara ta 1970 tafkin yana da samar da kifi na Tilapia. Koyaya, wannan bai daɗe ba kuma rahotanni na gaba daga 1972 da 1973 sun nuna babban raguwa a cikin samfurin kifi.<ref name="pdjon">{{Cite journal |last=Denny |first=Patrick |date=14 January 2008 |title=Nyumba ya Mungu reservoir, Tanzania: The general features |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=5–28 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8312.1978.tb00002.x}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Tanzania * Jerin tashoshin wutar lantarki a Tanzania == Manazarta == inb28ewwi8pu739w6sw71hgm1vl7vt5 843091 843090 2026-05-30T06:26:39Z Pharouqenr 25549 843091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din Nyumba''' ya Mungu wani madatsar ruwa ne na Tanzaniya, wanda ke cikin Gundumar Mwanga, Yankin [[Dutsen Kilimanjaro|Kilimanjaro]] . An gina shi a ƙarshen shekarun 1960 kuma shine mafi girman ruwa na wucin gadi na yankin Kilimanjaro. '''Ruwa na Numba da Mungu'''. An raba tafkin tare da Gundumar Moshi ta Yankin Kilimanjaro da Gunduma ta Simanjiro ta Yankin Manyara. Nyumba ya Mungu na nufin 'Gidan Allah'. Ikon shigar da shi shine {{Convert|8|MW}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pangani Hydro Systems |url=http://www.tanesco.co.tz/index.php/pangani-hydro-system |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184705/http://www.tanesco.co.tz/index.php/pangani-hydro-system |archive-date=5 February 2018 |access-date=27 July 2015 |website=Tanzania Electric Supply Company}}</ref> == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == === Ruwa === Numba ya Mungu mutum ne da aka yi tafki a Yankin Kilimanjaro . Wannan tafkin yana cikin [[Rafin pangani|Kwarin Kogin Pangani]] na Masai Steppe, kimanin kilomita 50 a kudancin Moshi. Ana ciyar da shi ta manyan hanyoyin ruwa guda biyu, kogin Kikuletwa da Ruvu waɗanda ke zubar da wasu kilomita 7,500 (2,900 sq na tafkin da ya kunshi gandun daji, gandun daji na gaskiya, da hamada ta alpine.&nbsp; An gina shi ne don dalilai na ban ruwa, wutar lantarki da kuma fara masana'antar kamun kifi ta gida. An kammala tafkin a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1965 duk da haka ba a riga an haɓaka tsarin ban ruwa ba. Shirin shi ne gina madatsar ruwa wanda zai yi aiki da manufar adana ambaliyar ruwa, wanda zai ba da damar ci gaba da kimanin kadada 30,000 na aikin gona da samar da wutar lantarki.<ref name="pdjon">{{Cite journal |last=Denny |first=Patrick |date=14 January 2008 |title=Nyumba ya Mungu reservoir, Tanzania: The general features |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=5–28 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8312.1978.tb00002.x}}</ref> A shekara ta 1970 tafkin yana da samar da kifi na Tilapia. Koyaya, wannan bai daɗe ba kuma rahotanni na gaba daga 1972 da 1973 sun nuna babban raguwa a cikin samfurin kifi.<ref name="pdjon">{{Cite journal |last=Denny |first=Patrick |date=14 January 2008 |title=Nyumba ya Mungu reservoir, Tanzania: The general features |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=5–28 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8312.1978.tb00002.x}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Tanzania * Jerin tashoshin wutar lantarki a Tanzania == Manazarta == bsh4x23xow3r5dqv8dlxeaju7hh4m6z 0 153323 843093 2026-05-30T06:27:01Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1292686702|Tana River Delta Ramsar Site]]" 843093 wikitext text/x-wiki Gidan yanar gizon Tana River Delta Ramsar wuri ne mai laushi a kan [[Kenya]])" id="mwHg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tana River (Kenya)">Kogin Tana wanda aka kare a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Ramsar da ke cikin Lardin Coast na Kenya . An buga shi a matsayin Shafin Ramsar na 6 na Kenya. Kogin Tana Delta shine na biyu mafi mahimmancin estuarine da [[Delta|Kogin Delta]] (deltaic) a Gabashin Afirka, wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan Ruwa mai laushi, [[Filin Ambaliyar|ambaliyar ruwa]], estuarine na bakin teku da wuraren zama na bakin teku tare da tsarin mangrove mai yawa da bambancin, yankin ruwa mai lawuwa da ruwa mai lafuwa (yanki na intertidal), rairayin bakin teku da yankunan ruwa marasa zurfi, suna samar da tsarin halittu masu amfani da aiki. Wannan bambancin a cikin mazauna yana ba da izinin ayyuka daban-daban na ruwa da wadataccen bambancin halittu ciki har da prawns na bakin teku da na ruwa, shrimps, bivalves da kifi, nau'o'in turtles na ruwa guda biyar da aka yi barazana da giwa na Afirka (Loxodonta africana), [[Tana River mangabey]] (Cercocebus galeritus), Tana River red colobus (Procolobus rufomitratus rufomitlatus) da White-collared Monkey (Cercopithelared Monkycus mitis alorquatus). Fiye da nau'ikan shuke-shuke 600 an gano su, gami da Cynometra Lukei da [[Gonatopus marattioides]] da ke cikin haɗari. Kogin Tana yana daya daga cikin wuraren da ake ajiyewa a kan hanyar jirgin sama ta Asiya-Gabas ta Afirka, wuri ne mai mahimmanci da kuma hunturu ga tsuntsayen ruwa masu ƙaura da yawa kamar waders, gulls da terns. Babban ayyukan ɗan adam sun haɗa da kamun kifi, aikin gona na iyali, amfani da itace, kiwo, samar da ruwa, yawon shakatawa da bincike (ci gaba da bincike kan kariya da saka idanu kan kiwo da kiwon tururuwa da kiyaye dugongs). Kogin Tana kuma wani muhimmin yanki ne na tsuntsaye (IBA). A cikin 2012 akwai wani shiri na kafa gonar Jatropha curcas ta hekta 65,000 don biodiesel ta kamfanin Kanada Bedford, wanda ya haifar da rikici na cikin gida a cikin Kogin Tana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Arevalo |first=J. |last2=Ochieng |first2=R. |last3=Mola-Yudego |first3=B. |last4=Gritten |first4=D. |date=2014-11-01 |title=Understanding bioenergy conflicts: Case of a jatropha project in Kenya's Tana Delta |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0264837714000933 |journal=Land Use Policy |volume=41 |pages=138–148 |doi=10.1016/j.landusepol.2014.05.002 |issn=0264-8377 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Tana River (Kenya) topics * [[Hotspot na halittu masu yawa]] * Yankunan Tsire-tsire Masu Muhimmanci * Manyan Yankunan Biodiversity * Ramsar sites in Kenya == Manazarta == eymgdx11tc4xsgnqlfiq1thx58msxzh 843094 843093 2026-05-30T06:27:49Z Pharouqenr 25549 843094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gidan yanar gizon Tana''' River Delta Ramsar wuri ne mai laushi a kan Kogin Tana wanda aka kare a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Ramsar da ke cikin Lardin Coast na Kenya . An buga shi a matsayin Shafin Ramsar na 6 na Kenya. Kogin Tana Delta shine na biyu mafi mahimmancin estuarine da [[Delta|Kogin Delta]] (deltaic) a Gabashin Afirka, wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan Ruwa mai laushi, [[Filin Ambaliyar|ambaliyar ruwa]], estuarine na bakin teku da wuraren zama na bakin teku tare da tsarin mangrove mai yawa da bambancin, yankin ruwa mai lawuwa da ruwa mai lafuwa (yanki na intertidal), rairayin bakin teku da yankunan ruwa marasa zurfi, suna samar da tsarin halittu masu amfani da aiki. Wannan bambancin a cikin mazauna yana ba da izinin ayyuka daban-daban na ruwa da wadataccen bambancin halittu ciki har da prawns na bakin teku da na ruwa, shrimps, bivalves da kifi, nau'o'in turtles na ruwa guda biyar da aka yi barazana da giwa na Afirka (Loxodonta africana), [[Tana River mangabey]] (Cercocebus galeritus), Tana River red colobus (Procolobus rufomitratus rufomitlatus) da White-collared Monkey (Cercopithelared Monkycus mitis alorquatus). Fiye da nau'ikan shuke-shuke 600 an gano su, gami da Cynometra Lukei da [[Gonatopus marattioides]] da ke cikin haɗari. Kogin Tana yana daya daga cikin wuraren da ake ajiyewa a kan hanyar jirgin sama ta Asiya-Gabas ta Afirka, wuri ne mai mahimmanci da kuma hunturu ga tsuntsayen ruwa masu ƙaura da yawa kamar waders, gulls da terns. Babban ayyukan ɗan adam sun haɗa da kamun kifi, aikin gona na iyali, amfani da itace, kiwo, samar da ruwa, yawon shakatawa da bincike (ci gaba da bincike kan kariya da saka idanu kan kiwo da kiwon tururuwa da kiyaye dugongs). Kogin Tana kuma wani muhimmin yanki ne na tsuntsaye (IBA). A cikin 2012 akwai wani shiri na kafa gonar Jatropha curcas ta hekta 65,000 don biodiesel ta kamfanin Kanada Bedford, wanda ya haifar da rikici na cikin gida a cikin Kogin Tana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Arevalo |first=J. |last2=Ochieng |first2=R. |last3=Mola-Yudego |first3=B. |last4=Gritten |first4=D. |date=2014-11-01 |title=Understanding bioenergy conflicts: Case of a jatropha project in Kenya's Tana Delta |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0264837714000933 |journal=Land Use Policy |volume=41 |pages=138–148 |doi=10.1016/j.landusepol.2014.05.002 |issn=0264-8377 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Tana River (Kenya) topics * [[Hotspot na halittu masu yawa]] * Yankunan Tsire-tsire Masu Muhimmanci * Manyan Yankunan Biodiversity * Ramsar sites in Kenya == Manazarta == edz3egn87uuk0lj7umgkpvpov0p91k3 0 153324 843096 2026-05-30T06:28:20Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325230905|Hola, Kenya]]" 843096 wikitext text/x-wiki Hola, wanda aka fi sani da '''Galole''', wani karamin gari ne a [[Kenya]] a kan Kogin Tana tare da yawan mutane 6,932. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Urban poverty estimates |url=http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/html/Urban%20Poverty%20all%20Kenya%20Province%20through%20Location%20Final.xls |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060928153031/http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/html/Urban%20Poverty%20all%20Kenya%20Province%20through%20Location%20Final.xls |archive-date=2006-09-28 |access-date=2006-03-26}}</ref> Hola ita ce babban birnin yankin Tana River County . Garin kasuwa ne mai cike da aiki kuma tashar zuwa Garissa County da tsohuwar Lardin Arewa maso Gabas ta hanyar jirgin ruwa na gida a fadin Kogin Tana. Baya ga shirin ban ruwa na Hola, akwai Asibitin Gundumar da gidan yarin Kenya da ke cikin garin. Bayan zaben 2013, wanda ya kawo sauye-sauye, bisa ga kundin tsarin mulki na 2010, garin ya zama hedkwatar yankin Tana River. ofishin gwamnan yana cikin garin Hola. Gundumar tana da mazabu uku, Bura, Galole da Garsen . gundumar tana da wasu zaɓaɓɓun jami'ai wato Gwamna, Sanata, wakilin mata, mataimakin gwamna da mambobi uku na majalisa. Gundumar kuma tana da wakilan unguwa 15. == Tarihi == Hola ita ce wurin sansanin tsare-tsare, wurin kisan kiyashi na Hola a shekarar 1959. Masu kula da kurkuku da Birtaniya ke aiki sun kashe fursunoni goma sha ɗaya na [[Tawayen Mau Mau|Mau Mau]]. Wadanda abin ya shafa sun kasance 'yan tawaye na Mau Mau da aka tsare a sansanin a matsayin wani ɓangare na Operation Anvil . Bayan kisan kiyashi na Hola Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta canza sunan 'Hola' zuwa Galole don a manta da wannan labarin. A shekara ta 1971, a kokarin farfado da tarihin Afirka, Shugaba [[Jomo Kenyatta]] na lokacin ya ba da umarnin cewa Galole ya koma ga sunansa na asali. Kenyatta ya ba da wannan umarni bayan ya sadu da babban tawagar daga Kogin Tana. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an sake sanin Galole da suna Hola . == Manazarta == 53qyuoklndhpane5o27kkk3qwpvrck0 843098 843096 2026-05-30T06:28:42Z Pharouqenr 25549 843098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Hola, wanda aka fi sani da '''Galole''', wani karamin gari ne a [[Kenya]] a kan Kogin Tana tare da yawan mutane 6,932. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Urban poverty estimates |url=http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/html/Urban%20Poverty%20all%20Kenya%20Province%20through%20Location%20Final.xls |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060928153031/http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/html/Urban%20Poverty%20all%20Kenya%20Province%20through%20Location%20Final.xls |archive-date=2006-09-28 |access-date=2006-03-26}}</ref> Hola ita ce babban birnin yankin Tana River County . Garin kasuwa ne mai cike da aiki kuma tashar zuwa Garissa County da tsohuwar Lardin Arewa maso Gabas ta hanyar jirgin ruwa na gida a fadin Kogin Tana. Baya ga shirin ban ruwa na Hola, akwai Asibitin Gundumar da gidan yarin Kenya da ke cikin garin. Bayan zaben 2013, wanda ya kawo sauye-sauye, bisa ga kundin tsarin mulki na 2010, garin ya zama hedkwatar yankin Tana River. ofishin gwamnan yana cikin garin Hola. Gundumar tana da mazabu uku, Bura, Galole da Garsen . gundumar tana da wasu zaɓaɓɓun jami'ai wato Gwamna, Sanata, wakilin mata, mataimakin gwamna da mambobi uku na majalisa. Gundumar kuma tana da wakilan unguwa 15. == Tarihi == Hola ita ce wurin sansanin tsare-tsare, wurin kisan kiyashi na Hola a shekarar 1959. Masu kula da kurkuku da Birtaniya ke aiki sun kashe fursunoni goma sha ɗaya na [[Tawayen Mau Mau|Mau Mau]]. Wadanda abin ya shafa sun kasance 'yan tawaye na Mau Mau da aka tsare a sansanin a matsayin wani ɓangare na Operation Anvil . Bayan kisan kiyashi na Hola Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta canza sunan 'Hola' zuwa Galole don a manta da wannan labarin. A shekara ta 1971, a kokarin farfado da tarihin Afirka, Shugaba [[Jomo Kenyatta]] na lokacin ya ba da umarnin cewa Galole ya koma ga sunansa na asali. Kenyatta ya ba da wannan umarni bayan ya sadu da babban tawagar daga Kogin Tana. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an sake sanin Galole da suna Hola . == Manazarta == bmhimdyfsv7rx0y3z21tzn6hpf1ogd8 0 153325 843097 2026-05-30T06:28:24Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327176898|'Neile Alina 'Mantoa Fanana]]" 843097 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Authority control}}'Neile Alina 'Mantoa Fanana (an haife ta a shekara ta 1945) lauya ce ta [[Lesotho]] . An nada ta a matsayin mai ba da shawara na Lesotho a shekara ta 2010, kuma ita ce lauya ta farko a kasar. == Ayyuka == 'An haifi Neile Alina 'Mantoa Fanana a shekara ta 1945. <ref name="ioi">{{Cite web |title=New Ombudswoman takes office |url=http://www.theioi.org/ioi-news/current-news/new-ombudswoman-takes-office0 |access-date=10 November 2017 |publisher=International Ombudsman Institute |language=de}}</ref> Jami'ar Kasa ta Lesotho ta ba Fanana digiri na farko a fannin shari'a a shekarar 1980. Daga baya ta halarci Jami'ar Edinburgh a Burtaniya inda aka ba ta digiri na farko na Shari'a da Jagora na Falsafa. Fanana ta ci gaba da yin lacca a Jami'ar kasa kuma ta sami ƙarin horo a dokar kare hakkin dan adam, [[Dokar jin kai ta kasa da kasa]] warware rikice-rikice. <ref>{{Cite web |last=N.A.M. |first=Fanana |date=1989 |title=Inheritance Law and Women in Lesotho |url=http://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=W00074154 |access-date=11 November 2017 |website=Africa Bib |publisher=Paper presented at the Regional Seminar on Women's Law in Southern Africa, March, 1989, Harare, Zimbabwe}}</ref> A shekarar 1989 ta gabatar da takarda game da maganin mata a kan gadon shari'ar yankin. Bayan Maido da dimokuradiyya a Lesotho a 1993 Fanana ya yi aiki tare da Ma'aikatar Shari'a, 'Yancin Dan Adam da Ayyukan Gyara don inganta gudanarwa da rage cin hanci da rashawa. Ta kuma taimaka wajen kawo sabbin dokoki don inganta haƙƙin mata da yara da kuma hana karkatar da kuɗi da cin hanci da rashawa.<ref name="ioi">{{Cite web |title=New Ombudswoman takes office |url=http://www.theioi.org/ioi-news/current-news/new-ombudswoman-takes-office0 |access-date=10 November 2017 |publisher=International Ombudsman Institute |language=de}}</ref> An nada Fanana a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Sarki, matsayin da aka ba manyan lauyoyi, a cikin shekara ta 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ombudsman annual report 2012/13 |url=http://www.ombudsman.org.ls/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Report-2012-13.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112021323/http://www.ombudsman.org.ls/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Report-2012-13.pdf |archive-date=2017-11-12 |access-date=2017-11-11 |publisher=The Office of the Ombudsman |page=1}}</ref> A shekara ta 2010 Fanana ta zama Dean da mataimakin shugaban jami'ar kasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Roundtable Dialogue on Skills Reform for Innovation and Growth in Lesotho |url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTLESOTHO/Resources/Participants_Lesotho_August25.pdf |access-date=11 November 2017 |publisher=World Bank}}</ref> Ta rubuta wa ''[[Lesotho Law Journal|Jaridar Shari'a ta Lesotho]]'' kan haƙƙin 'yan ƙasa a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Afirka kan' Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a, haƙƙin mata, da Dualism na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=1997 |title=The Peoples' Rights Under the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights |journal=Lesotho Law Journal |volume=10 |issue=48}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=2001 |title=Legal Dualism and the Rights of Women: Thoughts for. Law Reform in Lesotho |journal=Lesotho Law Journal |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=133–140}}</ref> Sarki Letsie III na Lesotho ne ya nada Fanana a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Lesotho a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 2010, mutum na uku da ya rike mukamin.<ref name="ioi" /><ref name="times" /> Ta fara wa'adin shekaru hudu a cikin rawar a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, ta maye gurbin [[Sekara Mafisa]] wacce ta yi cikakken wa'adi biyu. Fanana ita ce mace ta farko da ta rike rawar.<ref name="times" /> Ayyukanta shine bincika korafe-korafen da 'yan ƙasa suka yi wa mambobin gwamnati ko hukumomin su. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1945]] ab2eu5u0vixgb9mlq7hgbpbz3eluar1 0 153326 843099 2026-05-30T06:29:04Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355584211|Kathita River]]" 843099 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Kathita''' wani kogi ne a gabashin Kenya shine kogi mafi tsawo a Meru . Kogin yana gudana a arewa maso gabas daga tushe a kan [[Dutsen Kenya]] a kusa da tsaunukan Ithangune da Rutundu daga inda yake gudana zuwa gabas ta hanyar gandun daji masu yawa zuwa garin Meru, kuma a kudu maso gabas zuwa Kogin Tana. Ita ce mafi arewacin Dutsen Kenya na Kogin Tana.<ref>Ndurumo Hydro Electricity Power Project – Kathita River, Imenti North", GEF Small Grants Programme</ref> == Yanayin ƙasa == Ba kamar sauran koguna da yawa da ke gano asalin su a ƙasar Kenya ba, Kogin Kathita na musamman ne saboda an kafa shi ne ta hanyar narkewar [[Gileshiya (Tsaunin kankara)|kankara]] a kan tsaunukan Dutsen Kenya. Saboda haka dalilin da ya sa ruwansa yake sanyi sosai a kowane yanayi, har ma da ruwan da aka yi amfani da shi daga wannan kogi shine bambanci a cikin wannan halayyar sanyi. Kathita ta bi hanyar da ke kewaye da ƙananan ƙauyuka na [[Kithaku]], [[Katheri]], [[Kaing'inyo]], [[Gitimbene]] kuma a ƙarshe ta yanke ta cikin zuciyar Meru Town Meru. Kogin Kathita ya sami halayyar musamman saboda ruwansa yana gudana ta cikin zurfin gorges, saboda wannan aikin injiniya don ayyukan ban ruwa a kan kogin Kathita yana da tsada sosai. Duk da haka, mazauna yankin, ta hanyar ayyukan Taimako na Jama'a, koyaushe suna samun hanyoyin da za a jawo ruwa don amfani da gida da ban ruwa Misalai sun haɗa da Shirin Ruwa na Nduruma a ƙauyen Kianthumbi wanda Mista Japhet MÍkiara ya fara kuma an kammala shi a cikin 1997 tare da gudummawar kuɗi da shiga cikin 'yan uwan Kianthumb. Wani aiki mai tsawo, aikin Gakumbo wanda ke ba da sabis ga yawancin jama'a, ya yiwu tare da tallafi daga gwamnatin Australiya. A zamanin d ̄ a Ameru yana da gadoji na musamman waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don haye kogin Kathita tare da zurfin hanyarsa. Yawancin waɗannan gadoji na katako har yanzu suna aiki. Wasu kungiyoyin al'umma, kamar wannan a kauyen Kianthumbi, duk da haka, sun sami nasarar inganta su zuwa ka'idojin zamani na siminti da tsarin ƙarfe don inganta aminci da samun dama a fadin zurfin gorge. == Muhimmancin al'adu == Ita ce kogi mafi girma a yankin Imenti na gundumar Meru da kuma shafin yanar gizon Mutanen Meru da al'adu, gami da farawar yara maza zuwa balaga. Tsakanin shekara ta 2008 zuwa 2010, al'umma ta shiga cikin ci gaban janareta na micro-hydro a wani ɓangare na kogi. == Manazarta == 49yazqu8qsbk8cia22unq19vi991v9l 843100 843099 2026-05-30T06:29:24Z Pharouqenr 25549 843100 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Kathita''' wani kogi ne a gabashin Kenya shine kogi mafi tsawo a Meru . Kogin yana gudana a arewa maso gabas daga tushe a kan [[Dutsen Kenya]] a kusa da tsaunukan Ithangune da Rutundu daga inda yake gudana zuwa gabas ta hanyar gandun daji masu yawa zuwa garin Meru, kuma a kudu maso gabas zuwa Kogin Tana. Ita ce mafi arewacin Dutsen Kenya na Kogin Tana.<ref>Ndurumo Hydro Electricity Power Project – Kathita River, Imenti North", GEF Small Grants Programme</ref> == Yanayin ƙasa == Ba kamar sauran koguna da yawa da ke gano asalin su a ƙasar Kenya ba, Kogin Kathita na musamman ne saboda an kafa shi ne ta hanyar narkewar [[Gileshiya (Tsaunin kankara)|kankara]] a kan tsaunukan Dutsen Kenya. Saboda haka dalilin da ya sa ruwansa yake sanyi sosai a kowane yanayi, har ma da ruwan da aka yi amfani da shi daga wannan kogi shine bambanci a cikin wannan halayyar sanyi. Kathita ta bi hanyar da ke kewaye da ƙananan ƙauyuka na [[Kithaku]], [[Katheri]], [[Kaing'inyo]], [[Gitimbene]] kuma a ƙarshe ta yanke ta cikin zuciyar Meru Town Meru. Kogin Kathita ya sami halayyar musamman saboda ruwansa yana gudana ta cikin zurfin gorges, saboda wannan aikin injiniya don ayyukan ban ruwa a kan kogin Kathita yana da tsada sosai. Duk da haka, mazauna yankin, ta hanyar ayyukan Taimako na Jama'a, koyaushe suna samun hanyoyin da za a jawo ruwa don amfani da gida da ban ruwa Misalai sun haɗa da Shirin Ruwa na Nduruma a ƙauyen Kianthumbi wanda Mista Japhet MÍkiara ya fara kuma an kammala shi a cikin 1997 tare da gudummawar kuɗi da shiga cikin 'yan uwan Kianthumb. Wani aiki mai tsawo, aikin Gakumbo wanda ke ba da sabis ga yawancin jama'a, ya yiwu tare da tallafi daga gwamnatin Australiya. A zamanin d ̄ a Ameru yana da gadoji na musamman waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don haye kogin Kathita tare da zurfin hanyarsa. Yawancin waɗannan gadoji na katako har yanzu suna aiki. Wasu kungiyoyin al'umma, kamar wannan a kauyen Kianthumbi, duk da haka, sun sami nasarar inganta su zuwa ka'idojin zamani na siminti da tsarin ƙarfe don inganta aminci da samun dama a fadin zurfin gorge. == Muhimmancin al'adu == Ita ce kogi mafi girma a yankin Imenti na gundumar Meru da kuma shafin yanar gizon Mutanen Meru da al'adu, gami da farawar yara maza zuwa balaga. Tsakanin shekara ta 2008 zuwa 2010, al'umma ta shiga cikin ci gaban janareta na micro-hydro a wani ɓangare na kogi. == Manazarta == 5z2ct4frafeghbxhl26g5l2fl60thiy 0 153327 843101 2026-05-30T06:29:45Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1305380292|Kora National Park]]" 843101 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kora National Park''' is located in [[Gundumar Kogin Tana|Tana River County]], [[Kenya]]. The park covers an area of {{Cvt|1,788|km2}}. It is located {{Cvt|125|km}} east of [[Dutsen Kenya|Mount Kenya]]. The park was initially gazetted as a nature reserve in 1973. It was gazetted as a national park in 1989, following the murder of George Adamson by poachers. [[Gidan shakatawa na Meru]] da Kogin Tana suna nuna {{Cvt|65|km}} (40 na iyakar arewacin wurin shakatawa. Abubuwan da ke cikin Kogin Tana sun haɗa da Adamson's Falls, Grand Falls da Kora rapids. Yankin gabashinsa yana da alamar [[Mwitamvisi River|Kogin Mwitamvisi]] . Gidan shakatawa yana da koguna da yawa na yanayi.<ref name="KWS">{{Cite web |last=Kenya Wildlife Service |first= |date= |title=Kora National Park |url=http://www.kws.go.ke/content/kora-national-park |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529102356/https://kws.go.ke/content/kora-national-park |archive-date=2024-05-29 |access-date=2019-12-21 |website= |publisher= |doi=}}</ref> Yanayin wurin shakatawa yana gangara a hankali daga tsawo na {{Cvt|490|m}} m (1,610 a kudu maso yamma zuwa tsawo na kimanin {{Cvt|270|m}} a arewa maso gabas. Yankin tsakiya na wurin shakatawa yana da tsayi mai tsayi. Ƙarƙashin ƙasan suna fitowa sama da farfajiyar [[Filayen|peneplain]] kamar yadda duwatsu masu duwatsu, tuddai masu tsawo ko duwatsu masu wuya waɗanda ke tashi sosai daga yankin da ke kewaye. Mafi girma daga cikin wadannan [[Inselberg|inselbergs]] sune Mansumbi ({{Cvt|488|m}} ), Kumbulanwa ({{Cvt|450|m}} ) da Kora Rock ({{Cvt|442|m}} ). Ragewa da raguwa a cikin inselbergs sun cika da ƙasa, kuma an kafa ganye iri-iri, shrubs da ƙananan bishiyoyi masu iska a cikinsu.<ref name="KWS">{{Cite web |last=Kenya Wildlife Service |first= |date= |title=Kora National Park |url=http://www.kws.go.ke/content/kora-national-park |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529102356/https://kws.go.ke/content/kora-national-park |archive-date=2024-05-29 |access-date=2019-12-21 |website= |publisher= |doi=}}</ref> Akwai nau'ikan dabbobi iri-iri a cikin wurin shakatawa, gami da Caracal, Tanzanian cheetah, [[Giwan daji na Afirka|Giwayen]] doki na Afirka, kwai, Hippopotamus, hyenas masu tabo da tsintsiya, leopard na Afirka, [[zaki]], Serval, wildcat da nau'ikan antelope da yawa. Shuke-shuke a cikin wurin shakatawa galibi bushland ne. Har ila yau akwai [[Gandun Daji|gandun daji]] na kogi na dabino da [[Kogi|kogin]] Tana. Gidan shakatawa yana da matsaloli masu tsanani tare da masu farauta a cikin shekarun 1980 da 1990. George Adamson da mataimakansa biyu sun kashe su ne daga masu farauta a wurin shakatawa a shekarar 1989. An binne Adamson a wurin shakatawa tare da zakuna uku da ya saki. Kokarin sake fara wurin shakatawa ya ƙare a shekarar 2012 lokacin da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Martin Clunes ya yi fim din wani ɗan zaki maraya mai watanni huɗu da aka gabatar a cikin fili; na farko a cikin shekaru 22. Yaron, mai suna Mugie, yana da kusan shekara guda lokacin da hyenas suka kai masa hari, ya haifar da raunin ciki wanda bai warke ba. == Manazarta == 0ourqotllsvqye2ms1omtsdf2ydcl9n 843103 843101 2026-05-30T06:30:02Z Pharouqenr 25549 843103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kora National Park''' is located in [[Gundumar Kogin Tana|Tana River County]], [[Kenya]]. The park covers an area of {{Cvt|1,788|km2}}. It is located {{Cvt|125|km}} east of [[Dutsen Kenya|Mount Kenya]]. The park was initially gazetted as a nature reserve in 1973. It was gazetted as a national park in 1989, following the murder of George Adamson by poachers. [[Gidan shakatawa na Meru]] da Kogin Tana suna nuna {{Cvt|65|km}} (40 na iyakar arewacin wurin shakatawa. Abubuwan da ke cikin Kogin Tana sun haɗa da Adamson's Falls, Grand Falls da Kora rapids. Yankin gabashinsa yana da alamar [[Mwitamvisi River|Kogin Mwitamvisi]] . Gidan shakatawa yana da koguna da yawa na yanayi.<ref name="KWS">{{Cite web |last=Kenya Wildlife Service |first= |date= |title=Kora National Park |url=http://www.kws.go.ke/content/kora-national-park |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529102356/https://kws.go.ke/content/kora-national-park |archive-date=2024-05-29 |access-date=2019-12-21 |website= |publisher= |doi=}}</ref> Yanayin wurin shakatawa yana gangara a hankali daga tsawo na {{Cvt|490|m}} m (1,610 a kudu maso yamma zuwa tsawo na kimanin {{Cvt|270|m}} a arewa maso gabas. Yankin tsakiya na wurin shakatawa yana da tsayi mai tsayi. Ƙarƙashin ƙasan suna fitowa sama da farfajiyar [[Filayen|peneplain]] kamar yadda duwatsu masu duwatsu, tuddai masu tsawo ko duwatsu masu wuya waɗanda ke tashi sosai daga yankin da ke kewaye. Mafi girma daga cikin wadannan [[Inselberg|inselbergs]] sune Mansumbi ({{Cvt|488|m}} ), Kumbulanwa ({{Cvt|450|m}} ) da Kora Rock ({{Cvt|442|m}} ). Ragewa da raguwa a cikin inselbergs sun cika da ƙasa, kuma an kafa ganye iri-iri, shrubs da ƙananan bishiyoyi masu iska a cikinsu.<ref name="KWS">{{Cite web |last=Kenya Wildlife Service |first= |date= |title=Kora National Park |url=http://www.kws.go.ke/content/kora-national-park |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529102356/https://kws.go.ke/content/kora-national-park |archive-date=2024-05-29 |access-date=2019-12-21 |website= |publisher= |doi=}}</ref> Akwai nau'ikan dabbobi iri-iri a cikin wurin shakatawa, gami da Caracal, Tanzanian cheetah, [[Giwan daji na Afirka|Giwayen]] doki na Afirka, kwai, Hippopotamus, hyenas masu tabo da tsintsiya, leopard na Afirka, [[zaki]], Serval, wildcat da nau'ikan antelope da yawa. Shuke-shuke a cikin wurin shakatawa galibi bushland ne. Har ila yau akwai [[Gandun Daji|gandun daji]] na kogi na dabino da [[Kogi|kogin]] Tana. Gidan shakatawa yana da matsaloli masu tsanani tare da masu farauta a cikin shekarun 1980 da 1990. George Adamson da mataimakansa biyu sun kashe su ne daga masu farauta a wurin shakatawa a shekarar 1989. An binne Adamson a wurin shakatawa tare da zakuna uku da ya saki. Kokarin sake fara wurin shakatawa ya ƙare a shekarar 2012 lokacin da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Martin Clunes ya yi fim din wani ɗan zaki maraya mai watanni huɗu da aka gabatar a cikin fili; na farko a cikin shekaru 22. Yaron, mai suna Mugie, yana da kusan shekara guda lokacin da hyenas suka kai masa hari, ya haifar da raunin ciki wanda bai warke ba. == Manazarta == 9ky0vr3atkwi5077ioubl1bxftzrcyb 0 153328 843102 2026-05-30T06:29:50Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350104299|Nthomeng Majara]]" 843102 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Nthomeng Justina Majara''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1963) lauya ce kuma 'yar siyasa a matsayin Mataimakin Firayim Minista na [[Lesotho]] tun daga shekarar 2022. Wani memba na Revolution for Prosperity, a baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Babban Alkalin Lesotho daga 2014 zuwa 2018, kasancewar ita ce mace ta farko da aka nada a kowane ofishin. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Nthomeng Justina Majara a ranar 8 ga Yuni 1963 a asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth II a Lesotho, kuma yaren mahaifiyarta Sesotho ne.<ref name="icc-cpi.int">{{Cite web |last=Ikeda, Yoshihiro |date=17 May 2017 |title=ICC Judicial Nomination – Model curriculum vitae |url=https://asp.icc-cpi.int/iccdocs/asp_docs/Elections/EJ2017/ICC-ASP-EJ2017-LES-CV-ENG.pdf |access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin shari'a daga Jami'ar Kasa ta Lesotho, ta kammala a shekarar 1992, da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin doka daga Kwalejin King ta London, ta kammala karatu a shekarar 1997. <ref name="icc-cpi.int" /> == Ayyuka == An nada Majara a matsayin babban alƙali na Lesotho a watan Satumbar 2014, lokacin da ta maye gurbin Mai Shari'a [[Tšeliso Monaphathi]], wanda ya kasance mukaddashin babban alƙalin tun watan Afrilun 2013. <ref name="lestimes.com">{{Cite web |last= |date=4 September 2014 |title=Majara appointed new chief justice |url=http://www.lestimes.com/majara-appointed-new-chief-justice/ |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=lestimes.com}}</ref> Lokacin da aka tambayi Babban Kotun da Kotun daukaka kara, [[Lesitsi Mokeke]], don ƙarin bayani, ya amsa, "Wannan labari ne a gare ni saboda na fito ne kawai daga ganawa da Mai Shari'a Monaphathi ... Ina tsammanin shi ma bai san wannan ci gaba ba. "<ref name="lestimes.com" /> A cikin 2017, Majara na ɗaya daga cikin 12 da aka zaba don zaɓen alƙalai shida zuwa [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya]] don wakiltar rukunin yankin jihohin Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=MAJARA, Nthomeng Justina |url=https://asp.icc-cpi.int/en_menus/asp/elections/judges/2017/Nominations/Pages/MAJARA.aspx |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=asp.icc-cpi.int}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2017, Majara tana zaune a cikin wani "gidan [[Maseru]] mai laushi" daga babban alkalin Kotun [[Teboho Moiloa]], duk da cewa masu binciken cikin gida na gwamnati sun yi Allah wadai da shirin watanni shida da suka gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=19 October 2017 |title=Lesotho: Chief Justice's continued sub-lease of judge's mansion in high-end Maseru suburb under scrutiny - Daily Maverick |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-10-20-lesotho-chief-justices-continued-sub-lease-of-judges-mansion-in-high-end-maseru-suburb-under-scrutiny/ |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=www.dailymaverick.co.za}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Mata lauyoyi na farko a duniya == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}https://www.thepost.co.ls/comment/insight-pst/big-steps-for-women/ [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] e52yz40kl349es78yiryl0v34owbl2i 0 153329 843104 2026-05-30T06:30:24Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342935793|Orma (clan)]]" 843104 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Orma_Village_Kenya.jpg|right|thumb|300x300px|Ƙauyen Orma a cikin Tana River County, [[Kenya]]]] '''Orma''' na ɗaya daga cikin manyan dangin Oromo a cikin Horn na Afirka, waɗanda galibi suna zaune a yankin Tana River a bakin tekun [[Kenya]] da kudancin [[Itofiya|Habasha]]. Suna da yare da al'adun gargajiya tare da sauran dangin Oromo. Akwai babban gari shine Hola, Garsen, Bura da Witu . Su makiyaya ne kuma kusan dukkansu Musulmai ne. A cikin 2019 Orma ya ƙidaya 158,993. == Kalmomin == Littattafan da ke kan Orma, Oromo, Warra Daya, Wardai, Waridei, da Wardeh) sun nuna cewa kalmomin suna da rikice-rikice sosai. Saboda haka, akwai wasu maganganu game da kalmomin. A cikin tsofaffin wallafe-wallafen, ana kiran mutanen da ke magana da Cushitic waɗanda a zamanin yau ake kira Orma da Oromo da ke magana a matsayin Warra Daya. Somaliya sun yi amfani da wannan sunan ga Oromo ko Kudancin Galla da ke zaune a Jubaland. A cikin wallafe-wallafen mulkin mallaka, ana kiran waɗannan mutane Galla. Oromo ba su taɓa kiran kansu Galla ba saboda sun ɗauki sunan mai banƙyama. A tsakiyar karni na ashirin, bin ka'idar cewa sunan da mutane ke amfani da shi don kansu za a dauki shi don amfani da hukuma da kimiyya, sunan Galla an maye gurbinsa da Oromo. Babu wata yarjejeniya da aka amince da ita ga wannan sunan kuma ana amfani da Orma da Oromo, kodayake an fi son rubutun Oromo tun daga rabi na biyu na karni na ashirin. Ga ƙungiyar mutanen da aka tattauna a nan ana amfani da sunan Orma saboda wannan shine sunan da suka zaɓa. Sunan Orma ya bambanta da sauran kabilun da ke yankin, amma idan muna so mu rarrabe su daga wasu Orma da Oromo kuma muna so mu hana rikicewa, ya kamata mu bayyana su a matsayin Tana Orma. Somaliya har yanzu suna kiran Tana Orma Wardey ko Warra-Daya. Koyaya, Tana Orma ta ƙuntata sunan Wardey ga baƙi na baya waɗanda suka rayu a matsayin bayi a ƙarƙashin Somaliya kuma waɗanda suka kasance zuriyar Orma da aka kama. == Tarihi == === Bayani na gaba ɗaya === An fara ambaton Warra Daya a cikin tushen Larabci a karni na 15. A cewar Trenton, sun mamaye kuma suka yi ƙaura zuwa yankin Juba a karni na 16, inda kafin mamayar su, Garre, Ajuuraan, Tunni, da sauran Somalis suka rayu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Turton |first=E. R. |date=1975 |title=Bantu, Galla and Somali Migrations in the Horn of Africa: A Reassessment of the Juba/Tana Area |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/180495 |journal=The Journal of African History |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=519–537 |issn=0021-8537}}</ref> A farkon karni na 19, sun kasance a saman ikonsu lokacin da suka zauna kusan dukkanin Westbank na Kogin Jubba zuwa gabas da ke kan iyakar Geledi Sultanate mai iko. Yammacin Jubaland (kimanin Arewa da Gabashin Kenya da Kudu maso Yammacin Somalia). A cikin karni na 19 Darod Somali, musamman Ogaden, sun ci gaba zuwa kudu a fadin [[Kogin Dawa]]. Kokarin farko a cikin 1842 ya gaza, amma a cikin 1844 sun sake gwadawa kuma an ba su damar shiga a matsayin abokan ciniki (shegats). Hanyar da aka saba amfani da ita ta Darod shiga cikin sabon yanki ita ce ta karɓi dangantakar abokin ciniki tare da mutanen da suka riga sun kasance a can. A aikace, wannan yana nufin cewa sun zama makiyaya waɗanda aka ba su izinin kula da wasu dabbobi na kansu. Sa'an nan kuma waɗannan abokan ciniki a hankali sun karfafa lambobin su har sai sun sami daidaito tare ko ma mafi girma a kan mazauna asali. A kusa da 1865, lokacin da yaduwar kyanda ta raunana Warra Daya, Darod ya kai musu hari daga Arewa kuma Kamba daga Yamma da Masai daga Kudu sun kai musu hari. Abokan ciniki na Darod sun shiga rikici kuma wannan ya bayyana tsananin rikici da mummunan rauni na Warra Daya. A shekara ta 1867 Somaliya sun gayyaci dattawan Warra Daya don babban hadayar zaman lafiya, wanda Warra Daya ta yarda da shi. Koyaya, bikin ya zama kwanton bauna kuma an kashe dubban Warra Daya. Babban hare-haren Somaliya ya biyo bayan hadayar. Yawancin sauran Warra Daya an tilasta su haye Kogin Tana kuma sun nemi mafaka a kudancin da gabashin Kogin Tana. An kashe maza da yawa na Orma kuma an kama kimanin mata da yara 8,000. Sau da yawa Somaliya suna cin zarafin mata da yara kuma suna sayar da su a matsayin bayi. Tun da yake akwai karancin mata a karkashin Somaliya, sun dauki matan Orma a matsayin ƙwaraƙwarai kuma wasu ma Somaliya sun auri su. Somalis sun sami nasarar tura Orma har zuwa kogin Tana, wannan shine ainihin Sake mamaye Jubaland. Don kare ragowar Warra Daya kyauta a gefen gabas na Tana daga Somaliya, a cikin 1909 'yan kaɗan da suka rage Warra Daya a gefen gabashin Tana Burtaniya sun tura su zuwa bankin yamma. Wadannan Warra Daya a bakin yamma sun zama sanannun Tana Orma . Kashewar Tana Orma ya kuma haifar da zama kabilanci mai zaman kansa wanda ba ya raba iyaka da sauran mutanen da ke magana da Oromo. Tun a cikin karni na 19, ana tattaunawa akai-akai ko ya kamata Birtaniya ta yi watsi da bautar a yankin Juba ko kuma ta dauki mataki a kansa. A ka'ida, Turawan Burtaniya sun yi adawa da kowane nau'in bautar, amma a aikace sun amince da shi, kuma saboda ba za su iya aiwatar da wata yarjejeniya tare da Somaliya ba idan kawar da bautar zai zama wajibi. Lokacin da Kenya ta zama mai karewa na Burtaniya, wannan tattaunawar ta sake fitowa saboda an gan ta abin kunya a samun bautar a daular Burtaniya. A cikin Gundumar Tana River da Lardin Arewa maso Gabas wannan tattaunawar ta mayar da hankali ne game da matsayin Orma da aka tabbatar a cikin al'ummar Somaliya. A bayyane yake cewa abokan ciniki na Orma ba su zama abokan ciniki ba saboda 'yancin zaɓe, a zahiri bayi ne kuma ba za su iya barin Somaliya ba. Tun lokacin da waɗannan abokan ciniki na Orma suka kasance, muddin sun bi biyan haraji da kuma 'alamu' biyayya, sau da yawa ana ba su damar zama a ƙauyukansu da kiwon dabbobi. Wani bangare na gabatarwar ' alama' shi ne cewa ya kamata 'yan matan Orma su kasance da jima'i na farko da Somaliya. Sau da yawa ana ɗaukar 'ya'yan waɗannan mata Somaliya kuma ya wadatar da Ogaden tare da yawan jama'a. Tare da matsin lamba daga Birtaniya Somaliya sun amince da yarjejeniyar Somaliya-oromo, wanda ya bayyana cewa Orma na iya komawa ga 'yan uwan su a gefen dama na Tana, idan sun bar rabin dabbobinsu tare da Somaliya. Wannan yarjejeniyar ta kuma nuna a sarari cewa ya kamata Somaliya ta kasance a gefen hagu na Tana. Yawancin Orma da aka bautar sun dawo, amma tunda Burtaniya tana da iyakantaccen ikon soja, ba su cikin damar tabbatar da dawowar duk Orma da ke son haye kogi ba. Da farko ana kiran waɗannan baƙi na baya Wardey, wanda aka rubuta a matsayin Waridei Wardeh da Wardei, da dai sauransu. A cikin 1939 Somaliya sun karyata yarjejeniyar Somaliya-oromo kuma babu wani Orma da ya haye Tana har sai bayan Independence. === 'Yancin kai === Bayan Independence of Kenya (1963), da yawa daga cikin sauran wadanda aka tabbatar da su sun dawo kuma wannan ya bayyana karuwar yawan jama'ar Orma. A shekara ta 1971 Shugaba Kenyatta ya yi maraba da Wardey a hukumance. A zamanin yau ana amfani da kalmar Wardey ga abokan ciniki waɗanda suka dawo bayan Independence. Yawancin su ba sa magana da Orma. Wadanda suka yi ƙaura a lokacin mulkin mallaka ana kiransu Orma. == Adadin jama'a == Adadin jama'a na farko na Tana Orma ba su da yawa. Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta kiyasta adadin a 1926 a 2,394. A cikin 1932 an kiyasta su a 5,000. Wannan karuwar ta kasance ne saboda dawowar Wardey. Cikakken ƙididdigar farko na Orma ya faru ne a shekarar 1962. An ƙidaya adadin su a matsayin 15,985 daga cikinsu 96% suna zaune a Gundumar Tana River, 2% a wasu gundumomin Coast da 1.5% a Garissa. Sauran 0.5% sun rayu a warwatse a Kenya. A shekara ta 1979 an kiyasta su da 32,000. Tsakanin 1969 da 1979 karuwarsu ta kasance 96%, yayin da wasu kabilun kamar Pokomo a cikin Tana River County suna da karuwar yawan jama'a kawai na 12%. Wannan karuwar ta sake faruwa ne saboda koma baya da kuma Somali da aka yi kama da Wardey. Wannan 'migration-back' ya ci gaba tun daga lokacin. A shekara ta 2009 an ƙidaya Orma a matsayin 74,146. A cikin 2019 adadin su ya kai 158,993. A karo na farko ana samun rukunin Wardey a ƙarƙashin babban rukunin Orma kuma 65,965 na Orma sun rarraba kansu a matsayin Wardey. == Manazarta == 9rq4e5l050ulja1gv18p1isgf1liar7 843105 843104 2026-05-30T06:30:42Z Pharouqenr 25549 843105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Orma_Village_Kenya.jpg|right|thumb|300x300px|Ƙauyen Orma a cikin Tana River County, [[Kenya]]]] '''Orma''' na ɗaya daga cikin manyan dangin Oromo a cikin Horn na Afirka, waɗanda galibi suna zaune a yankin Tana River a bakin tekun [[Kenya]] da kudancin [[Itofiya|Habasha]]. Suna da yare da al'adun gargajiya tare da sauran dangin Oromo. Akwai babban gari shine Hola, Garsen, Bura da Witu . Su makiyaya ne kuma kusan dukkansu Musulmai ne. A cikin 2019 Orma ya ƙidaya 158,993. == Kalmomin == Littattafan da ke kan Orma, Oromo, Warra Daya, Wardai, Waridei, da Wardeh) sun nuna cewa kalmomin suna da rikice-rikice sosai. Saboda haka, akwai wasu maganganu game da kalmomin. A cikin tsofaffin wallafe-wallafen, ana kiran mutanen da ke magana da Cushitic waɗanda a zamanin yau ake kira Orma da Oromo da ke magana a matsayin Warra Daya. Somaliya sun yi amfani da wannan sunan ga Oromo ko Kudancin Galla da ke zaune a Jubaland. A cikin wallafe-wallafen mulkin mallaka, ana kiran waɗannan mutane Galla. Oromo ba su taɓa kiran kansu Galla ba saboda sun ɗauki sunan mai banƙyama. A tsakiyar karni na ashirin, bin ka'idar cewa sunan da mutane ke amfani da shi don kansu za a dauki shi don amfani da hukuma da kimiyya, sunan Galla an maye gurbinsa da Oromo. Babu wata yarjejeniya da aka amince da ita ga wannan sunan kuma ana amfani da Orma da Oromo, kodayake an fi son rubutun Oromo tun daga rabi na biyu na karni na ashirin. Ga ƙungiyar mutanen da aka tattauna a nan ana amfani da sunan Orma saboda wannan shine sunan da suka zaɓa. Sunan Orma ya bambanta da sauran kabilun da ke yankin, amma idan muna so mu rarrabe su daga wasu Orma da Oromo kuma muna so mu hana rikicewa, ya kamata mu bayyana su a matsayin Tana Orma. Somaliya har yanzu suna kiran Tana Orma Wardey ko Warra-Daya. Koyaya, Tana Orma ta ƙuntata sunan Wardey ga baƙi na baya waɗanda suka rayu a matsayin bayi a ƙarƙashin Somaliya kuma waɗanda suka kasance zuriyar Orma da aka kama. == Tarihi == === Bayani na gaba ɗaya === An fara ambaton Warra Daya a cikin tushen Larabci a karni na 15. A cewar Trenton, sun mamaye kuma suka yi ƙaura zuwa yankin Juba a karni na 16, inda kafin mamayar su, Garre, Ajuuraan, Tunni, da sauran Somalis suka rayu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Turton |first=E. R. |date=1975 |title=Bantu, Galla and Somali Migrations in the Horn of Africa: A Reassessment of the Juba/Tana Area |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/180495 |journal=The Journal of African History |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=519–537 |issn=0021-8537}}</ref> A farkon karni na 19, sun kasance a saman ikonsu lokacin da suka zauna kusan dukkanin Westbank na Kogin Jubba zuwa gabas da ke kan iyakar Geledi Sultanate mai iko. Yammacin Jubaland (kimanin Arewa da Gabashin Kenya da Kudu maso Yammacin Somalia). A cikin karni na 19 Darod Somali, musamman Ogaden, sun ci gaba zuwa kudu a fadin [[Kogin Dawa]]. Kokarin farko a cikin 1842 ya gaza, amma a cikin 1844 sun sake gwadawa kuma an ba su damar shiga a matsayin abokan ciniki (shegats). Hanyar da aka saba amfani da ita ta Darod shiga cikin sabon yanki ita ce ta karɓi dangantakar abokin ciniki tare da mutanen da suka riga sun kasance a can. A aikace, wannan yana nufin cewa sun zama makiyaya waɗanda aka ba su izinin kula da wasu dabbobi na kansu. Sa'an nan kuma waɗannan abokan ciniki a hankali sun karfafa lambobin su har sai sun sami daidaito tare ko ma mafi girma a kan mazauna asali. A kusa da 1865, lokacin da yaduwar kyanda ta raunana Warra Daya, Darod ya kai musu hari daga Arewa kuma Kamba daga Yamma da Masai daga Kudu sun kai musu hari. Abokan ciniki na Darod sun shiga rikici kuma wannan ya bayyana tsananin rikici da mummunan rauni na Warra Daya. A shekara ta 1867 Somaliya sun gayyaci dattawan Warra Daya don babban hadayar zaman lafiya, wanda Warra Daya ta yarda da shi. Koyaya, bikin ya zama kwanton bauna kuma an kashe dubban Warra Daya. Babban hare-haren Somaliya ya biyo bayan hadayar. Yawancin sauran Warra Daya an tilasta su haye Kogin Tana kuma sun nemi mafaka a kudancin da gabashin Kogin Tana. An kashe maza da yawa na Orma kuma an kama kimanin mata da yara 8,000. Sau da yawa Somaliya suna cin zarafin mata da yara kuma suna sayar da su a matsayin bayi. Tun da yake akwai karancin mata a karkashin Somaliya, sun dauki matan Orma a matsayin ƙwaraƙwarai kuma wasu ma Somaliya sun auri su. Somalis sun sami nasarar tura Orma har zuwa kogin Tana, wannan shine ainihin Sake mamaye Jubaland. Don kare ragowar Warra Daya kyauta a gefen gabas na Tana daga Somaliya, a cikin 1909 'yan kaɗan da suka rage Warra Daya a gefen gabashin Tana Burtaniya sun tura su zuwa bankin yamma. Wadannan Warra Daya a bakin yamma sun zama sanannun Tana Orma . Kashewar Tana Orma ya kuma haifar da zama kabilanci mai zaman kansa wanda ba ya raba iyaka da sauran mutanen da ke magana da Oromo. Tun a cikin karni na 19, ana tattaunawa akai-akai ko ya kamata Birtaniya ta yi watsi da bautar a yankin Juba ko kuma ta dauki mataki a kansa. A ka'ida, Turawan Burtaniya sun yi adawa da kowane nau'in bautar, amma a aikace sun amince da shi, kuma saboda ba za su iya aiwatar da wata yarjejeniya tare da Somaliya ba idan kawar da bautar zai zama wajibi. Lokacin da Kenya ta zama mai karewa na Burtaniya, wannan tattaunawar ta sake fitowa saboda an gan ta abin kunya a samun bautar a daular Burtaniya. A cikin Gundumar Tana River da Lardin Arewa maso Gabas wannan tattaunawar ta mayar da hankali ne game da matsayin Orma da aka tabbatar a cikin al'ummar Somaliya. A bayyane yake cewa abokan ciniki na Orma ba su zama abokan ciniki ba saboda 'yancin zaɓe, a zahiri bayi ne kuma ba za su iya barin Somaliya ba. Tun lokacin da waɗannan abokan ciniki na Orma suka kasance, muddin sun bi biyan haraji da kuma 'alamu' biyayya, sau da yawa ana ba su damar zama a ƙauyukansu da kiwon dabbobi. Wani bangare na gabatarwar ' alama' shi ne cewa ya kamata 'yan matan Orma su kasance da jima'i na farko da Somaliya. Sau da yawa ana ɗaukar 'ya'yan waɗannan mata Somaliya kuma ya wadatar da Ogaden tare da yawan jama'a. Tare da matsin lamba daga Birtaniya Somaliya sun amince da yarjejeniyar Somaliya-oromo, wanda ya bayyana cewa Orma na iya komawa ga 'yan uwan su a gefen dama na Tana, idan sun bar rabin dabbobinsu tare da Somaliya. Wannan yarjejeniyar ta kuma nuna a sarari cewa ya kamata Somaliya ta kasance a gefen hagu na Tana. Yawancin Orma da aka bautar sun dawo, amma tunda Burtaniya tana da iyakantaccen ikon soja, ba su cikin damar tabbatar da dawowar duk Orma da ke son haye kogi ba. Da farko ana kiran waɗannan baƙi na baya Wardey, wanda aka rubuta a matsayin Waridei Wardeh da Wardei, da dai sauransu. A cikin 1939 Somaliya sun karyata yarjejeniyar Somaliya-oromo kuma babu wani Orma da ya haye Tana har sai bayan Independence. === 'Yancin kai === Bayan Independence of Kenya (1963), da yawa daga cikin sauran wadanda aka tabbatar da su sun dawo kuma wannan ya bayyana karuwar yawan jama'ar Orma. A shekara ta 1971 Shugaba Kenyatta ya yi maraba da Wardey a hukumance. A zamanin yau ana amfani da kalmar Wardey ga abokan ciniki waɗanda suka dawo bayan Independence. Yawancin su ba sa magana da Orma. Wadanda suka yi ƙaura a lokacin mulkin mallaka ana kiransu Orma. == Adadin jama'a == Adadin jama'a na farko na Tana Orma ba su da yawa. Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta kiyasta adadin a 1926 a 2,394. A cikin 1932 an kiyasta su a 5,000. Wannan karuwar ta kasance ne saboda dawowar Wardey. Cikakken ƙididdigar farko na Orma ya faru ne a shekarar 1962. An ƙidaya adadin su a matsayin 15,985 daga cikinsu 96% suna zaune a Gundumar Tana River, 2% a wasu gundumomin Coast da 1.5% a Garissa. Sauran 0.5% sun rayu a warwatse a Kenya. A shekara ta 1979 an kiyasta su da 32,000. Tsakanin 1969 da 1979 karuwarsu ta kasance 96%, yayin da wasu kabilun kamar Pokomo a cikin Tana River County suna da karuwar yawan jama'a kawai na 12%. Wannan karuwar ta sake faruwa ne saboda koma baya da kuma Somali da aka yi kama da Wardey. Wannan 'migration-back' ya ci gaba tun daga lokacin. A shekara ta 2009 an ƙidaya Orma a matsayin 74,146. A cikin 2019 adadin su ya kai 158,993. A karo na farko ana samun rukunin Wardey a ƙarƙashin babban rukunin Orma kuma 65,965 na Orma sun rarraba kansu a matsayin Wardey. == Manazarta == ge2vz4t8fsgr2qul33p16hkfijqjeuh 0 153330 843107 2026-05-30T06:31:06Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339843869|Pokomo people]]" 843107 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Tana_River_County_in_Kenya.svg|thumb|Wurin yankin tana a Kenya.]] '''Mutanen Pokomo''' ƙabilar [[Mutanen Bantu|Bantu]] ce ta kudu maso gabashin [[Kenya]] . Yawan jama'arsu a Kenya ya kai 112,075 a shekarar 2019. Su kabilanci ne daban-daban tare da nasu ƙananan kabilun / kabilun. Duk da kusanci da su, ba na Mutanen Mijikenda da ke kusa ba ne. Su galibi masu aikin gona ne kuma masu kamun kifi na ruwa da na teku da ke zaune a gefen Kogin Tana a cikin Kogin Tana. Suna magana da yaren Pokomo, wanda yayi kama da [[Harshen Swahili|Swahili]]. Yawan mutanen Pokomo ya kasu kashi biyu: Upper Pokomo, wanda ya kai kashi 75% na yawan jama'a, da Lower Pokomo. Upper Pokomo galibi Musulmai ne, kuma sun kasance haka tun daga ƙarshen karni na 19. [[Harshen Pokomo|Ƙananan Pokomo]], waɗanda ke zaune tare da ƙananan ɓangaren Tana har zuwa delta, galibi Krista ne, suna juyawa zuwa addini a farkon karni na 20.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=People of Kenya: Pokomo |url=http://www.natural-track.com/pokomo.html |access-date=2013-04-18}}</ref> Ethnologue ya nuna cewa kungiyar galibi Musulmi ce. == Ƙungiyoyin == A cikin "History of Linguistics: Case Study of Tana River", Dereke Nurse ya tabbatar da cewa Pokomo suna ɗaukar kansu da yarensu kamar yadda za a iya raba su zuwa Lower (LP) da Upper Pokomo (UP). {{Sfn|Nurse|1983}} Mutanen da yaren kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na arewacin Kogin Tana zuwa Garisa an san su da Malakote (wanda aka fi sani da Ilwana ko El-Wana). Malakote ya bambanta sosai daga UP da LP. Ko da rabuwa ta hanyoyi biyu UP: LP wani bangare ne na wucin gadi. Babban hutu yana faruwa a kusa da Abena, amma waɗannan kuma isoglosses ne na ciki wanda ke raba UP da LP. Wasu daga cikin wadannan haɗin da ke kusa da UP da LP. A cikin Pokomo, bambancin harshe mai yawa yana faruwa a kowane mataki: lexical, phonological da morphological. Duk da karamin girman al'ummar Pokomo, aƙalla bambancin ciki ya raba UP da LP kamar yadda sanduna biyu na Malakote Community mai tsawon kilomita 150. Van Otterloo yayi la'akari da matakin kamanceceniya tsakanin UP da LP kamar yadda yake tsakanin Giriama da Digo. UP da LP suna magana da juna a matsayin harsuna "makonni biyu"; wato, suna ɗaukar makonni biyu don koyo, amma Malakote, a cikin UP ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin "harshe na watanni biyu". Wannan ya nuna cewa Pokomo ba wani ɓangare ne na al'ummar Mijikenda ba, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan kabilun tara, Kauma, Chonyi, Jibana, Giriama, Kambe, Ribe, Rabai, Duruma da Digo. An raba Pokomo zuwa ƙabilu goma sha ɗaya (11): shida a cikin UP (Mila Julu) da biyar a cikin LP (Mila Nchini). Kalmar ''Mila'' tana nufin "al'ada"; ''julu'', ''nchini'' da ''kote'' suna nufin "sama", "ƙasa" da "duka biyu" bi da bi; saboda haka kalmar ''milajulu'' tana nufin al'adar Upper Pokomo da ''milanchini'' zuwa al'adar Lower Pokomo. Don haka, ''Milakote'' (wanda ya canza zuwa ''Malakote'' ) yana nufin al'ada daga ɓangarorin biyu (a nan yana nufin al'adar Pokomo da Orma/Somalis/Borana). === Upper Pokomo (Wantu wa Julu: "Milajulu") === Dukkanin dangin UP suna zaune a gefen kogi da kuma cikin yankin daga kogi a bangarorin biyu a ƙauyukan da ke kan ƙananan tuddai, mai yiwuwa don kauce wa ambaliyar kogi. Yankunan gona suna cikin kogi a bangarorin biyu na kogi wanda ke da matsakaicin mil 3 ko har sai gonakin sun taɓa ƙasa mai yashi. * Milalulu (suna kusa da kogi daga ƙauyen Rhoka a arewa zuwa ƙauyen Bohoni) * Zubaki (yawanci ana samun su daga ƙauyen Chewani zuwa ƙauyen Lenda); * Ndura (suna cikin ƙauyen Kelokelo zuwa ƙauyen Maweni da Mazuni) * Kinankomba (daga Boji da Bububu zuwa Kilindini) * Gwano (daga ƙauyen Wenje zuwa ƙauyen Baomo da Hara) * Ndera (daga ƙauyen Mnazini zuwa ƙauyen Sera) h === Manazarta === fysusxi1yiqn1x1ep0hgelw6ihsl5gv 843109 843107 2026-05-30T06:32:11Z Pharouqenr 25549 843109 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Tana_River_County_in_Kenya.svg|thumb|Wurin yankin tana a Kenya.]] '''Mutanen Pokomo''' ƙabilar [[Mutanen Bantu|Bantu]] ce ta kudu maso gabashin [[Kenya]] . Yawan jama'arsu a Kenya ya kai 112,075 a shekarar 2019. Su kabilanci ne daban-daban tare da nasu ƙananan kabilun / kabilun. Duk da kusanci da su, ba na Mutanen Mijikenda da ke kusa ba ne. Su galibi masu aikin gona ne kuma masu kamun kifi na ruwa da na teku da ke zaune a gefen Kogin Tana a cikin Kogin Tana. Suna magana da yaren Pokomo, wanda yayi kama da [[Harshen Swahili|Swahili]]. Yawan mutanen Pokomo ya kasu kashi biyu: Upper Pokomo, wanda ya kai kashi 75% na yawan jama'a, da Lower Pokomo. Upper Pokomo galibi Musulmai ne, kuma sun kasance haka tun daga ƙarshen karni na 19. [[Harshen Pokomo|Ƙananan Pokomo]], waɗanda ke zaune tare da ƙananan ɓangaren Tana har zuwa delta, galibi Krista ne, suna juyawa zuwa addini a farkon karni na 20.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=People of Kenya: Pokomo |url=http://www.natural-track.com/pokomo.html |access-date=2013-04-18}}</ref> Ethnologue ya nuna cewa kungiyar galibi Musulmi ce. == Ƙungiyoyin == A cikin "History of Linguistics: Case Study of Tana River", Dereke Nurse ya tabbatar da cewa Pokomo suna ɗaukar kansu da yarensu kamar yadda za a iya raba su zuwa Lower (LP) da Upper Pokomo (UP). {{Sfn|Nurse|1983}} Mutanen da yaren kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na arewacin Kogin Tana zuwa Garisa an san su da Malakote (wanda aka fi sani da Ilwana ko El-Wana). Malakote ya bambanta sosai daga UP da LP. Ko da rabuwa ta hanyoyi biyu UP: LP wani bangare ne na wucin gadi. Babban hutu yana faruwa a kusa da Abena, amma waɗannan kuma isoglosses ne na ciki wanda ke raba UP da LP. Wasu daga cikin wadannan haɗin da ke kusa da UP da LP. A cikin Pokomo, bambancin harshe mai yawa yana faruwa a kowane mataki: lexical, phonological da morphological. Duk da karamin girman al'ummar Pokomo, aƙalla bambancin ciki ya raba UP da LP kamar yadda sanduna biyu na Malakote Community mai tsawon kilomita 150. Van Otterloo yayi la'akari da matakin kamanceceniya tsakanin UP da LP kamar yadda yake tsakanin Giriama da Digo. UP da LP suna magana da juna a matsayin harsuna "makonni biyu"; wato, suna ɗaukar makonni biyu don koyo, amma Malakote, a cikin UP ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin "harshe na watanni biyu". Wannan ya nuna cewa Pokomo ba wani ɓangare ne na al'ummar Mijikenda ba, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan kabilun tara, Kauma, Chonyi, Jibana, Giriama, Kambe, Ribe, Rabai, Duruma da Digo. An raba Pokomo zuwa ƙabilu goma sha ɗaya (11): shida a cikin UP (Mila Julu) da biyar a cikin LP (Mila Nchini). Kalmar ''Mila'' tana nufin "al'ada"; ''julu'', ''nchini'' da ''kote'' suna nufin "sama", "ƙasa" da "duka biyu" bi da bi; saboda haka kalmar ''milajulu'' tana nufin al'adar Upper Pokomo da ''milanchini'' zuwa al'adar Lower Pokomo. Don haka, ''Milakote'' (wanda ya canza zuwa ''Malakote'' ) yana nufin al'ada daga ɓangarorin biyu (a nan yana nufin al'adar Pokomo da Orma/Somalis/Borana). === Upper Pokomo (Wantu wa Julu: "Milajulu") === Dukkanin dangin UP suna zaune a gefen kogi da kuma cikin yankin daga kogi a bangarorin biyu a ƙauyukan da ke kan ƙananan tuddai, mai yiwuwa don kauce wa ambaliyar kogi. Yankunan gona suna cikin kogi a bangarorin biyu na kogi wanda ke da matsakaicin mil 3 ko har sai gonakin sun taɓa ƙasa mai yashi. * Milalulu (suna kusa da kogi daga ƙauyen Rhoka a arewa zuwa ƙauyen Bohoni) * Zubaki (yawanci ana samun su daga ƙauyen Chewani zuwa ƙauyen Lenda); * Ndura (suna cikin ƙauyen Kelokelo zuwa ƙauyen Maweni da Mazuni) * Kinankomba (daga Boji da Bububu zuwa Kilindini) * Gwano (daga ƙauyen Wenje zuwa ƙauyen Baomo da Hara) * Ndera (daga ƙauyen Mnazini zuwa ƙauyen Sera) == Manazarta == 9994ojg3bx1ptrtstzn3pjf65wtu23f 0 153331 843117 2026-05-30T06:37:53Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342503030|2012–2013 Tana River District clashes]]" 843117 wikitext text/x-wiki Daga watan Agustan 2012 zuwa Janairun 2013, jerin rikice-rikicen kabilanci tsakanin mutanen Orma da Pokomo na Gundumar Tana River ta [[Kenya]] sun haifar da mutuwar akalla mutane hamsin da biyu. Rikicin ya kasance mafi muni a Kenya tun lokacin rikicin kasar na 2007-08, wanda ya bar mutane 118 sun mutu kuma sama da 13,500 suka rasa muhallinsu - sama da kashi 50% na 13,500 yara ne, mata da tsofaffi. == Tarihi == Manyan kabilun Gundumar Kogin Tana sune Pokomo, da yawa daga cikinsu manoma ne a gefen Kogin Tana, da Orma, wadanda galibi makiyaya ne. Gundumar gabaɗaya ta bushe kuma tana da saurin fari, tare da ruwan sama mara kyau a lokacin Maris-Mayu da Oktoba-Disamba ruwan sama. Yanayin ya haifar da rikice-rikice da yawa tsakanin manoma da mutanen da ke zaune a gida game da samun ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2004 |title=Tana River District: a showcase of conflict over natural resources |url=http://practicalaction.org/peace5_tana |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120729131807/http://practicalaction.org/peace5_tana |archive-date=29 July 2012 |access-date=22 August 2012 |website=Practical Action}}</ref> Kimanin kwanaki goma kafin rikicin kabilanci a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta 2012, mambobin al'ummar Orma sun kashe mutane uku na Pokomo. A matsayin fansa, mutanen Pokomo sun mamaye ƙauyukan Orma kuma sun ƙone gidaje sama da ɗari.<ref name="Yahoo">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Over 50 Kenyans hacked, burned to death: police |url=https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825030352/https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |archive-date=25 August 2012 |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Yahoo News |agency=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> == 2012 == === Lamarin 22 ga watan Agusta === A ranar 22 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, a cikin mafi munin tashin hankali a Kenya tun shekara ta 2007, akalla mutane 52 ne aka kashe a cikin tashin hankali na kabilanci a Gundumar Tana River tsakanin kungiyoyin Orma da Pokomo.<ref name="AJ">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Dozens killed in Kenya clashes |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/08/201282214141543505.html |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref name="Yahoo">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Over 50 Kenyans hacked, burned to death: police |url=https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825030352/https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |archive-date=25 August 2012 |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Yahoo News |agency=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> Rikicin ya faru ne a kudu maso gabashin Kenya, a yankin Reketa na Tarassa, kusa da bakin teku kuma kusan kilomita 300 (190 daga babban birnin, [[Nairobi]].<ref name="Yahoo">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Over 50 Kenyans hacked, burned to death: police |url=https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825030352/https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |archive-date=25 August 2012 |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Yahoo News |agency=Agence France-Presse}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120825030352/https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html "Over 50 Kenyans hacked, burned to death: police"]. </cite></ref> Rikicin kabilanci ya kasance sakamakon jayayya game da haƙƙin ƙasa ga kaji na kabilun. 'Yan sanda sun yi imanin cewa mutanen Pokomo ne suka kai harin, wadanda suka kai hari kan Orma, biyo bayan mamayewar Orma na gonakin Pokomo. Masu kai farmaki suna dauke da makamai, baka da kibiyoyi, mashi da bindigogi. An kashe mata talatin da daya, yara goma sha ɗaya, da maza shida a lokacin tashin hankali. Daga cikin wadannan, an kashe mutane talatin da hudu da wuka, yayin da aka ƙone mutane goma sha huɗu har suka mutu.<ref name="HuffPo" /> Sauran 'yan Kenya hudu daga baya sun mutu daga raunin da suka samu a lokacin harin.<ref name="AFP">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Over 50 Kenyans hacked, burned to death: police |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hzSpZM7qFm-m_-mrfmfBQMPQwPXQ?docId=CNG.ed92e7cadcec523087cb581bce526b2e.321 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125212231/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hzSpZM7qFm-m_-mrfmfBQMPQwPXQ?docId=CNG.ed92e7cadcec523087cb581bce526b2e.321 |archive-date=25 January 2013 |access-date=22 August 2012 |agency=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> Bugu da kari, Pokomo sun kama kimanin shanu ɗari biyu na Orma. === Abin da ya faru a watan Satumba === A ranar 7 ga Satumba, da misalin karfe 3 na safe, Orma ta kashe mutane 12. Babban Birnin FM ya bayyana cewa 'yan sanda da Kudancin Kudancin Kenya sun ce hare-haren sun faru ne a Tarasaa inda aka ƙone gidaje, a cikin abin da aka yi imanin cewa hare-harun ramuwar gayya ne da mutanen Orma suka kai wa Pokomos.{{Spaces}} Kenya Red Cross ta bayyana cewa an kai hari kan shanu 300 da awaki 400, kuma an ƙone gidaje.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.kenyaredcross.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=381&Itemid=124 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105011827/http://www.kenyaredcross.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=381&Itemid=124 |archive-date=5 January 2018 |access-date=11 September 2012}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga watan Satumba, Pokomo ta kashe mutane 38, ciki har da jami'an 'yan sanda 9. Wadanda suka mutu sun hada da maza 16, mata biyar, jami'an 'yan sanda tara da yara takwas. Jami'an sun hada da GSU biyar, 'yan sanda biyu na gudanarwa da' yan sanda biyu na yau da kullun. Rikicin ya faru ne a kauyen Kilelengwani . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cyrus Ombati |date=10 September 2012 |title=Police officers among 38 killed in Tana River |url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000065858&story_title=Police-officers-among-38--killed-in-Tana-River- |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Standard Digital News – Kenya}}</ref> Kashegari da safe, 11 ga Satumba, Orma ta kashe mutane uku a kauyukan Semikaro, Laini, Nduru da Shirikisho na Tana Delta . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Three killed in fresh Tana violence |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/Three+killed+in+fresh+Tana+violence/-/1056/1503584/-/mjxsh2z/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga watan Satumba, an tura jami'an 'yan sanda sama da 1300 don murkushe tashin hankali a Kogin Tana.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Standard Digital News |title=GSU officers off to clash torn Tana River |url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?slideshowID=88&slideshow_title=GSU%20officers%20off%20to%20clash%20torn%20Tana%20River |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Standard Digital News – Kenya}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga watan Satumba, da misalin karfe 5.45 na safe, an ƙone gidaje 67 a ƙauyen Ozi - babu wani rauni da aka ruwaito. Kashegari, MP Danson Mungatana ya yi iƙirarin cewa GSU ta ƙone gidajen, wanda aka aika zuwa can a baya daga Nairobi don murkushe tashin hankali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MP claims GSU officers razed village in Tana |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/politics/MP+claims+GSU+officers+razed+village+in+Tana/-/1064/1511160/-/xka8t5/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref>{{Spaces}} A wannan rana 'yan sanda sun sami wani kabari da ake zargi. An ba 'yan sanda umarnin kotu don tono kabarin da ake zargi, amma sun sami wani ɓangare na ƙafar mutum kawai. Wani memba na Red Cross ya ba da rahoton wari mai ƙarfi daga yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2012 |title=No bodies found in suspected mass grave in Kenya |url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/2012/09/no-bodies-found-in-suspected-mass-grave-in-kenya/ |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Capital News}}</ref> === Abin da ya faru a watan Disamba === A ranar Jumma'a, 21 ga Disamba 2012, an sake sabunta fada, tare da rahotanni na farko da suka nuna mutuwar sama da mutane 27. An kai hari mai tsanani a cikin ƙananan sa'o'i na safe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=39 killed in fresh Tana Delta clashes |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/-/1056/1648922/-/x8wukhz/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> Rahotanni na gaba sun tabbatar da cewa an kashe mutane talatin da tara. Daga cikin wadanda suka mutu akwai masu kai hari wadanda mazauna suka ƙone gawawwakinsu cikin fushi. 'Yan sanda sun kuma kama mutane sama da 65 da ake zargi bayan kisan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 December 2012 |title=Tana villagers burn up slain attackers' bodies |url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000073545&story_title=Kenya-Tana-villagers-burn-up-slain-attackers%E2%80%99-bodies |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Standard Digital News – Kenya}}</ref> == 2013 == === Janairu === A ranar 9 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2013, an kashe mutane 11 a cikin sabon fada lokacin da ake zargi da 'yan fashi na Pokomo suka kai hari kauyen [[Kidimu|Nduru]] inda suka kashe Ormas shida. Mazauna ƙauyen sun mayar da martani ga maharan, sun kashe maharan biyu a wurin, da kuma wasu biyu yayin da suke bin su. Wani mai kai hari ya mutu daga raunin da ya ji yayin da yake gudu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=11 killed in fresh fighting in Tana Delta as DO flees villagers' attack |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/Eleven-more-killed-in-Tana-Delta-clashes/-/1056/1661280/-/gxqe8j/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> Harin da aka kai a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 2013 ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane 11 a ƙauyen Pokomo na [[Kibusu]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nyassy |first=Daniel |date=10 January 2013 |title=11 killed in Tana revenge attack |url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/1056-1662196-1356pqxz/index.html |access-date=2019-08-21 |website=Daily Nation |language=en}}</ref> Wadanda suka mutu sun haɗa da mata uku, maza uku da yara biyar. <ref name=":0" /> Harin ya kuma haifar da ƙone gidaje 19 a ƙauyen, wanda ya kai kimanin gidaje 20&nbsp;kilomita daga ƙauyen Nduru wanda aka kai hari kwana ɗaya da ya gabata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Deadly reprisal raid in Kenya's Tana delta |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2013/01/201311082028453451.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> Kungiyar [[Kenya Red Cross|agaji ta Kenya Red Cross]] ta kuma nuna cewa sama da mutane 112,000 sun rasa matsugunansu tun lokacin da aka fara faɗan duk da cewa an tura jami'an tsaro 2,000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=UN condemns 'inhumane' Tana violence |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/UN-condemns-inhumane-Tana-violence-/-/1056/1662478/-/9gqc6r/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> == Halin da Jiha ya yi == An kama dan majalisa na Galole da Mataimakin Ministan dabbobi [[Dhadho Godhana]] kuma an tuhume su da tayar da hankali, amma an sake su tare da belin kuɗi na Kshs. 500,000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Minister Godhana arrested over Tana clashes |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/Minister+Godhana+arrested+over+Tana+clashes/-/1056/1505024/-/gonf5cz/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> A wannan rana majalisar dokokin Kenya ta zartar da wani yunkuri da ke kira ga zartarwa da ta aika da sojojin tsaro na Kenya zuwa Kogin Tana. Garsen MP Danson Mungatana ne ya gabatar da wannan motsi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=House passes motion to deploy KDF to Tana Delta |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/House+passes+motion+on+KDF+/-/1056/1504964/-/a3tr1c/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> == Binciken shari'a == A ranar 22 ga watan Satumba, gwamnati ta kafa Hukumar Bincike ta Shari'a game da rikice-rikicen Kogin Tana, wanda Alkalin Kotun Koli [[Grace Nzioka]] ke jagoranta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 September 2012 |title=Kibaki appoints commission to probe Tana clashes |url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/2012/09/kibaki-appoints-commission-to-probe-tana-clashes/ |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Capital News}}</ref> Cikakken membobin hukumar da Shugaba Mwai Kibaki ya nada sune: * Lady Justice Grace Nzioka - Shugaban * Babban Alkalin Shari'a Emily Ominde * Babban Alkalin Abdulqadir Lorot Ramadan Mataimakin lauyoyi sune: <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 October 2012 |title=Tana inquiry team commences task |url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000067427&story_title=tana-inquiry-team-commences-task |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Standard Digital News – Kenya}}</ref> * Mista [[Wamuti Ndegwa]] * Ms [[Ruth Luta]] Daga cikin shaidun da suka ba da shaida sune: <ref>{{Cite web |title=I had no role in Tana clashes, says minister |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/I-had-no-role-in-Tana-clashes-says-minister-/-/1056/1642940/-/82ynsf/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> * Ministan tsaro Yusuf Haji * Kwamishinan lardin Coast Samuel Kilele * Shugaban 'yan sanda na lardin Aggrey Adoli * Kwamishinan ƙasashe Zablon Mabea [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 804u3z034hp8b6flgasp5d8kpyf562y 843118 843117 2026-05-30T06:38:24Z Pharouqenr 25549 843118 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Daga watan Agustan 2012 zuwa Janairun 2013, jerin rikice-rikicen kabilanci tsakanin mutanen Orma da Pokomo na Gundumar Tana River ta [[Kenya]] sun haifar da mutuwar akalla mutane hamsin da biyu. Rikicin ya kasance mafi muni a Kenya tun lokacin rikicin kasar na 2007-08, wanda ya bar mutane 118 sun mutu kuma sama da 13,500 suka rasa muhallinsu - sama da kashi 50% na 13,500 yara ne, mata da tsofaffi. == Tarihi == Manyan kabilun Gundumar Kogin Tana sune Pokomo, da yawa daga cikinsu manoma ne a gefen Kogin Tana, da Orma, wadanda galibi makiyaya ne. Gundumar gabaɗaya ta bushe kuma tana da saurin fari, tare da ruwan sama mara kyau a lokacin Maris-Mayu da Oktoba-Disamba ruwan sama. Yanayin ya haifar da rikice-rikice da yawa tsakanin manoma da mutanen da ke zaune a gida game da samun ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2004 |title=Tana River District: a showcase of conflict over natural resources |url=http://practicalaction.org/peace5_tana |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120729131807/http://practicalaction.org/peace5_tana |archive-date=29 July 2012 |access-date=22 August 2012 |website=Practical Action}}</ref> Kimanin kwanaki goma kafin rikicin kabilanci a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta 2012, mambobin al'ummar Orma sun kashe mutane uku na Pokomo. A matsayin fansa, mutanen Pokomo sun mamaye ƙauyukan Orma kuma sun ƙone gidaje sama da ɗari.<ref name="Yahoo">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Over 50 Kenyans hacked, burned to death: police |url=https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825030352/https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |archive-date=25 August 2012 |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Yahoo News |agency=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> == 2012 == === Lamarin 22 ga watan Agusta === A ranar 22 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, a cikin mafi munin tashin hankali a Kenya tun shekara ta 2007, akalla mutane 52 ne aka kashe a cikin tashin hankali na kabilanci a Gundumar Tana River tsakanin kungiyoyin Orma da Pokomo.<ref name="AJ">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Dozens killed in Kenya clashes |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/08/201282214141543505.html |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref name="Yahoo">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Over 50 Kenyans hacked, burned to death: police |url=https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825030352/https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |archive-date=25 August 2012 |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Yahoo News |agency=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> Rikicin ya faru ne a kudu maso gabashin Kenya, a yankin Reketa na Tarassa, kusa da bakin teku kuma kusan kilomita 300 (190 daga babban birnin, [[Nairobi]].<ref name="Yahoo">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Over 50 Kenyans hacked, burned to death: police |url=https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825030352/https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html |archive-date=25 August 2012 |access-date=22 August 2012 |publisher=Yahoo News |agency=Agence France-Presse}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120825030352/https://news.yahoo.com/least-48-kenyans-hacked-death-ethnic-clash-111725460.html "Over 50 Kenyans hacked, burned to death: police"]. </cite></ref> Rikicin kabilanci ya kasance sakamakon jayayya game da haƙƙin ƙasa ga kaji na kabilun. 'Yan sanda sun yi imanin cewa mutanen Pokomo ne suka kai harin, wadanda suka kai hari kan Orma, biyo bayan mamayewar Orma na gonakin Pokomo. Masu kai farmaki suna dauke da makamai, baka da kibiyoyi, mashi da bindigogi. An kashe mata talatin da daya, yara goma sha ɗaya, da maza shida a lokacin tashin hankali. Daga cikin wadannan, an kashe mutane talatin da hudu da wuka, yayin da aka ƙone mutane goma sha huɗu har suka mutu.<ref name="HuffPo" /> Sauran 'yan Kenya hudu daga baya sun mutu daga raunin da suka samu a lokacin harin.<ref name="AFP">{{Cite web |date=22 August 2012 |title=Over 50 Kenyans hacked, burned to death: police |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hzSpZM7qFm-m_-mrfmfBQMPQwPXQ?docId=CNG.ed92e7cadcec523087cb581bce526b2e.321 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125212231/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hzSpZM7qFm-m_-mrfmfBQMPQwPXQ?docId=CNG.ed92e7cadcec523087cb581bce526b2e.321 |archive-date=25 January 2013 |access-date=22 August 2012 |agency=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> Bugu da kari, Pokomo sun kama kimanin shanu ɗari biyu na Orma. === Abin da ya faru a watan Satumba === A ranar 7 ga Satumba, da misalin karfe 3 na safe, Orma ta kashe mutane 12. Babban Birnin FM ya bayyana cewa 'yan sanda da Kudancin Kudancin Kenya sun ce hare-haren sun faru ne a Tarasaa inda aka ƙone gidaje, a cikin abin da aka yi imanin cewa hare-harun ramuwar gayya ne da mutanen Orma suka kai wa Pokomos.{{Spaces}} Kenya Red Cross ta bayyana cewa an kai hari kan shanu 300 da awaki 400, kuma an ƙone gidaje.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.kenyaredcross.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=381&Itemid=124 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105011827/http://www.kenyaredcross.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=381&Itemid=124 |archive-date=5 January 2018 |access-date=11 September 2012}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga watan Satumba, Pokomo ta kashe mutane 38, ciki har da jami'an 'yan sanda 9. Wadanda suka mutu sun hada da maza 16, mata biyar, jami'an 'yan sanda tara da yara takwas. Jami'an sun hada da GSU biyar, 'yan sanda biyu na gudanarwa da' yan sanda biyu na yau da kullun. Rikicin ya faru ne a kauyen Kilelengwani . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cyrus Ombati |date=10 September 2012 |title=Police officers among 38 killed in Tana River |url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000065858&story_title=Police-officers-among-38--killed-in-Tana-River- |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Standard Digital News – Kenya}}</ref> Kashegari da safe, 11 ga Satumba, Orma ta kashe mutane uku a kauyukan Semikaro, Laini, Nduru da Shirikisho na Tana Delta . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Three killed in fresh Tana violence |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/Three+killed+in+fresh+Tana+violence/-/1056/1503584/-/mjxsh2z/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga watan Satumba, an tura jami'an 'yan sanda sama da 1300 don murkushe tashin hankali a Kogin Tana.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Standard Digital News |title=GSU officers off to clash torn Tana River |url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?slideshowID=88&slideshow_title=GSU%20officers%20off%20to%20clash%20torn%20Tana%20River |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Standard Digital News – Kenya}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga watan Satumba, da misalin karfe 5.45 na safe, an ƙone gidaje 67 a ƙauyen Ozi - babu wani rauni da aka ruwaito. Kashegari, MP Danson Mungatana ya yi iƙirarin cewa GSU ta ƙone gidajen, wanda aka aika zuwa can a baya daga Nairobi don murkushe tashin hankali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MP claims GSU officers razed village in Tana |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/politics/MP+claims+GSU+officers+razed+village+in+Tana/-/1064/1511160/-/xka8t5/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref>{{Spaces}} A wannan rana 'yan sanda sun sami wani kabari da ake zargi. An ba 'yan sanda umarnin kotu don tono kabarin da ake zargi, amma sun sami wani ɓangare na ƙafar mutum kawai. Wani memba na Red Cross ya ba da rahoton wari mai ƙarfi daga yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2012 |title=No bodies found in suspected mass grave in Kenya |url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/2012/09/no-bodies-found-in-suspected-mass-grave-in-kenya/ |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Capital News}}</ref> === Abin da ya faru a watan Disamba === A ranar Jumma'a, 21 ga Disamba 2012, an sake sabunta fada, tare da rahotanni na farko da suka nuna mutuwar sama da mutane 27. An kai hari mai tsanani a cikin ƙananan sa'o'i na safe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=39 killed in fresh Tana Delta clashes |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/-/1056/1648922/-/x8wukhz/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> Rahotanni na gaba sun tabbatar da cewa an kashe mutane talatin da tara. Daga cikin wadanda suka mutu akwai masu kai hari wadanda mazauna suka ƙone gawawwakinsu cikin fushi. 'Yan sanda sun kuma kama mutane sama da 65 da ake zargi bayan kisan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 December 2012 |title=Tana villagers burn up slain attackers' bodies |url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000073545&story_title=Kenya-Tana-villagers-burn-up-slain-attackers%E2%80%99-bodies |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Standard Digital News – Kenya}}</ref> == 2013 == === Janairu === A ranar 9 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2013, an kashe mutane 11 a cikin sabon fada lokacin da ake zargi da 'yan fashi na Pokomo suka kai hari kauyen [[Kidimu|Nduru]] inda suka kashe Ormas shida. Mazauna ƙauyen sun mayar da martani ga maharan, sun kashe maharan biyu a wurin, da kuma wasu biyu yayin da suke bin su. Wani mai kai hari ya mutu daga raunin da ya ji yayin da yake gudu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=11 killed in fresh fighting in Tana Delta as DO flees villagers' attack |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/Eleven-more-killed-in-Tana-Delta-clashes/-/1056/1661280/-/gxqe8j/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> Harin da aka kai a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 2013 ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane 11 a ƙauyen Pokomo na [[Kibusu]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nyassy |first=Daniel |date=10 January 2013 |title=11 killed in Tana revenge attack |url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/1056-1662196-1356pqxz/index.html |access-date=2019-08-21 |website=Daily Nation |language=en}}</ref> Wadanda suka mutu sun haɗa da mata uku, maza uku da yara biyar. <ref name=":0" /> Harin ya kuma haifar da ƙone gidaje 19 a ƙauyen, wanda ya kai kimanin gidaje 20&nbsp;kilomita daga ƙauyen Nduru wanda aka kai hari kwana ɗaya da ya gabata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Deadly reprisal raid in Kenya's Tana delta |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2013/01/201311082028453451.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> Kungiyar [[Kenya Red Cross|agaji ta Kenya Red Cross]] ta kuma nuna cewa sama da mutane 112,000 sun rasa matsugunansu tun lokacin da aka fara faɗan duk da cewa an tura jami'an tsaro 2,000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=UN condemns 'inhumane' Tana violence |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/UN-condemns-inhumane-Tana-violence-/-/1056/1662478/-/9gqc6r/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> == Halin da Jiha ya yi == An kama dan majalisa na Galole da Mataimakin Ministan dabbobi [[Dhadho Godhana]] kuma an tuhume su da tayar da hankali, amma an sake su tare da belin kuɗi na Kshs. 500,000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Minister Godhana arrested over Tana clashes |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/Minister+Godhana+arrested+over+Tana+clashes/-/1056/1505024/-/gonf5cz/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> A wannan rana majalisar dokokin Kenya ta zartar da wani yunkuri da ke kira ga zartarwa da ta aika da sojojin tsaro na Kenya zuwa Kogin Tana. Garsen MP Danson Mungatana ne ya gabatar da wannan motsi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=House passes motion to deploy KDF to Tana Delta |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/House+passes+motion+on+KDF+/-/1056/1504964/-/a3tr1c/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> == Binciken shari'a == A ranar 22 ga watan Satumba, gwamnati ta kafa Hukumar Bincike ta Shari'a game da rikice-rikicen Kogin Tana, wanda Alkalin Kotun Koli [[Grace Nzioka]] ke jagoranta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 September 2012 |title=Kibaki appoints commission to probe Tana clashes |url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/2012/09/kibaki-appoints-commission-to-probe-tana-clashes/ |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Capital News}}</ref> Cikakken membobin hukumar da Shugaba Mwai Kibaki ya nada sune: * Lady Justice Grace Nzioka - Shugaban * Babban Alkalin Shari'a Emily Ominde * Babban Alkalin Abdulqadir Lorot Ramadan Mataimakin lauyoyi sune: <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 October 2012 |title=Tana inquiry team commences task |url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000067427&story_title=tana-inquiry-team-commences-task |access-date=13 December 2014 |website=Standard Digital News – Kenya}}</ref> * Mista [[Wamuti Ndegwa]] * Ms [[Ruth Luta]] Daga cikin shaidun da suka ba da shaida sune: <ref>{{Cite web |title=I had no role in Tana clashes, says minister |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/I-had-no-role-in-Tana-clashes-says-minister-/-/1056/1642940/-/82ynsf/-/index.html |access-date=13 December 2014}}</ref> * Ministan tsaro Yusuf Haji * Kwamishinan lardin Coast Samuel Kilele * Shugaban 'yan sanda na lardin Aggrey Adoli * Kwamishinan ƙasashe Zablon Mabea [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ow32e2cpltcrf7w83h0bht4bze7hcm4 0 153332 843121 2026-05-30T06:39:19Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1305980552|Operation Noah (Kariba)]]" 843121 wikitext text/x-wiki Aikin ceto namun daji '''na Operation Noah''' wani aiki ne na ceto namun daji a Kogin [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi]] wanda ya fara daga 1958 zuwa 1964. A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, Arewacin Rhodesia da Kudancin Rhodesia (a yanzu [[Zambiya|Zambia]] da [[Zimbabwe]] ) sun gina tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa ta Kariba Dam a fadin Kogin [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi]], a kwarin Kariba, kimanin kilomita 400.&nbsp;kilomita daga magudanar ruwa ta Victoria. Madatsar ruwa ta Kariba ta samar da wutar lantarki ga ƙasashen biyu, ta samar da [[tafkin Kariba]], babban tafki da ɗan adam ya yi a duniya, sannan ta mamaye kwarin Kariba - gida ga dubban dabbobin gida da kuma mutanen Tonga na yankin. A wani aikin ceto na namun daji da aka shafe shekaru 5 ana yi, an ceto dabbobi sama da 6000 aka kuma mayar da su babban yankin. [[Rupert Fothergill]] ne ya jagoranci aikin. An motsa namun daji daga ruwan da ke tashi kuma an sake komawa zuwa Matusadona National Park da kewayen Tafkin Kariba . Fiye da dabbobi 6,000 (guguwa, antelopes, rhinos, zakuna, leopards, zebras, warthogs, tsuntsaye da macizai) an ceto su.<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Safaris Guide |url=http://www.africansafarisguide.com/zimbabwe/lake-kariba-safari.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100115152319/http://www.africansafarisguide.com/zimbabwe/lake-kariba-safari.html |archive-date=2010-01-15 |access-date=2010-03-06}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Ruwan ruwa na Kariba == Manazarta == 0k7xyb0kiyjy0ckkx667mxjhj4gr01w 843122 843121 2026-05-30T06:39:46Z Pharouqenr 25549 843122 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Aikin ceto namun daji '''na Operation Noah''' wani aiki ne na ceto namun daji a Kogin [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi]] wanda ya fara daga 1958 zuwa 1964. A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, Arewacin Rhodesia da Kudancin Rhodesia (a yanzu [[Zambiya|Zambia]] da [[Zimbabwe]] ) sun gina tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa ta Kariba Dam a fadin Kogin [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi]], a kwarin Kariba, kimanin kilomita 400.&nbsp;kilomita daga magudanar ruwa ta Victoria. Madatsar ruwa ta Kariba ta samar da wutar lantarki ga ƙasashen biyu, ta samar da [[tafkin Kariba]], babban tafki da ɗan adam ya yi a duniya, sannan ta mamaye kwarin Kariba - gida ga dubban dabbobin gida da kuma mutanen Tonga na yankin. A wani aikin ceto na namun daji da aka shafe shekaru 5 ana yi, an ceto dabbobi sama da 6000 aka kuma mayar da su babban yankin. [[Rupert Fothergill]] ne ya jagoranci aikin. An motsa namun daji daga ruwan da ke tashi kuma an sake komawa zuwa Matusadona National Park da kewayen Tafkin Kariba . Fiye da dabbobi 6,000 (guguwa, antelopes, rhinos, zakuna, leopards, zebras, warthogs, tsuntsaye da macizai) an ceto su.<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Safaris Guide |url=http://www.africansafarisguide.com/zimbabwe/lake-kariba-safari.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100115152319/http://www.africansafarisguide.com/zimbabwe/lake-kariba-safari.html |archive-date=2010-01-15 |access-date=2010-03-06}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Ruwan ruwa na Kariba == Manazarta == 2wv4u5usi8xr676gkqnisygo32w1dbp 0 153333 843123 2026-05-30T06:40:07Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351461627|Zambezi Watercourse Commission]]" 843123 wikitext text/x-wiki Hukumar Kula da Ruwa ta [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi]] (ZAMCOM) kungiya ce ta kula da ruwa da jihohin membobin Kudancin Afirka (SADC) suka kafa wanda yankinsu ya ƙunshi kogin Zambezi.{{Sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} == Kogin Zambezi == [[Fayil:Zambezi_river_basin_cropped.jpg|thumb|242x242px|Kogin Zambezi]] Zambezi ya samo asali ne a arewa maso yammacin Zambia, kuma yana gudana a yamma sannan kudu maso yamma ta [[Angola]] kafin ya sake shiga Zambia. Yana gudana a kudu kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na iyakar tsakanin Zambia da [[Namibiya|Namibia]]. Bayan karɓar ruwan [[Kogin Cuando|Kogin Chobe]] a wurin da Zambia, Namibia, [[Botswana]] da Zimbabwe suka haɗu, kogin yana gudana zuwa gabas tare da iyakar tsakanin Zambia da Zimbabwe, yana ba da wutar lantarki ga tashar wutar lantarki ta Kariba Dam, kafin ya shiga [[Mozambik|Mozambique]] kuma ya gudana zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]].{{Sfn|Basin Map and Description}} Kogin Zambezi ya hada da sassan Malawi da Tanzania. Zambezi ita ce kogi na huɗu mafi girma a Afirka bayan Nilu, Kongo da Nijar.{{Sfn|Moran|2011}} == Shirye-shiryen == Jihohi takwas na Zambezi Basin da ke shiga cikin ZAMCOM sune [[Angola]], [[Botswana]], [[Malawi]], [[Mozambik|Mozambique]], [[Namibiya|Namibia]], [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]], [[Zambiya|Zambia]] da [[Zimbabwe]]. Ayyukan ZAMCOM suna cikin layi tare da sake fasalin Yarjejeniyar SADC akan Shared Watercourses . {{Sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} An karɓi Yarjejeniyar SADC a cikin 1995 kuma ta ƙasashen membobin SADC, gami da duk jihohin Zambezi, kuma sun fara aiki a cikin 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SADC Protocol on Shared Watercourses (original 1995) |url=http://www.icp-confluence-sadc.org/documents/sadc-protocol-shared-watercourses-original-1995 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051555/http://www.icp-confluence-sadc.org/documents/sadc-protocol-shared-watercourses-original-1995 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 July 2013 |publisher=SADC Water Sector ICP Collaboration Portal}}</ref> Bakwai daga cikin jihohin da ke cikin kogi sun sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar ZAMCOM a ranar 13 ga Yuli 2004 a Kasane a Botswana . {{Sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} Zambia ta yi alkawarin sanya hannu bayan ƙarin shawarwari na kasa kafin taron koli na SADC na watan Agusta 2004, amma ba ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar ba.{{Sfn|SADC TODAY|2004}} Yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki a watan Yunin 2011 ba tare da Zambia ta sanya hannu ba kuma ba tare da an kafa manyan cibiyoyin ba kamar Majalisar Ministoci da Sakatariyar Dindindin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stuurman |first=Siphosethu |date=7 June 2012 |title=Zambezi Commission Comes of Age |url=http://africa.ipsterraviva.net/2012/06/07/zambezi-commission-comes-of-age/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618025730/http://africa.ipsterraviva.net/2012/06/07/zambezi-commission-comes-of-age/ |archive-date=June 18, 2012 |access-date=16 July 2013 |publisher=IPS Africa Terra Viva}}</ref> An kafa Sakatariyar ZAMCOM ta wucin gadi (IZS) da ke [[Gaborone]], Botswana, a watan Mayu 2011. IZS, wanda Babban Sakatare ke jagoranta, Gwamnatin Norway ke tallafawa ta kudi, kuma tana da manufar yin Yarjejeniyar ZAMCOM ta aiki da kuma kafa Sakatariyarta ta Dindindin. Ministocin da ke da alhakin Ruwa a cikin kasashe membobin suna ba da jagora da kulawa.{{Sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} A watan Mayu 2013 a wani taron Ministocin Ruwa na SADC a Luanda, Angola, an kafa Majalisar Ministocin ZAMCOM kuma an tsara Zimbabwe don karbar bakuncin hedkwatar Hukumar, Sakatariyar dindindin. Majalisar Ministoci ta zabi Angola don zama shugaban shekara guda. Zambia ta sanar a taron cewa "ta shirya don shiga hukumar".<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2013 |title=ZAMCOM Press release |url=http://www.zambezicommission.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=42:press-release&catid=14&Itemid=118 |access-date=16 July 2013}}</ref> == Manufofin da ayyukan == Manufar ZAMCOM ita ce "don inganta daidaito da amfani mai ma'ana na albarkatun ruwa na Zambezi Watercourse da kuma ingantaccen gudanarwa da ci gaba mai ɗorewa".{{Sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} Rage talauci shine fifiko na farko na SADC, kuma ZAMCOM yana da babban burin rage talauci ta hanyar raba ruwa.{{Sfn|SADC TODAY|2004}} ZAMCOM dole ne ya magance damuwar masu amfani da ruwa game da hakar ruwa. Ta haka ne Mozambique ta damu da cewa masana'antar prawn a cikin Zambezi delta ba ta shafar raguwar ruwa ba, kuma cewa tashar hydroelectric ta [[Cahora Bassa]] tana karɓar isasshen ruwa.{{Sfn|Valy|2004}} Shirye-shiryen ruwa na sama sun haɗa da Matabeleland Zambezi Water Project a Zimbabwe wanda zai kawo ruwa daga Zambezi zuwa [[Bulawayo]] da yankunan da ke kewaye da shi, da kuma gabatar da fadadawar Mai ɗaukar Arewa-Kudanci da ke Botswana wanda zai haɗa mai ɗaukar zuwa Kogin Zambezi. Zambia da Namibia dukansu suna da shirye-shiryen fadada ban ruwa a cikin kogin kogi. Afirka ta Kudu, kodayake ba kogin Zambezi ba ne, tana da shirye-shiryen jawo ruwa mai yawa daga Kogin Zambeji da zarar an "cikakke" Lesotho Highlands Water Project.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mutembwa |first=Ammon |year=1998 |title=Water and the Potential for Resource Conflicts in Southern Africa |url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~gsfi/gsfiweb/htmls/papers/text3.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725114626/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~gsfi/gsfiweb/htmls/papers/text3.htm |archive-date=25 July 2008 |access-date=16 July 2013 |publisher=University of Cambridge, Global Security Fellows Initiative, Occasional Paper No. 3}}</ref> == Manazarta == fnhnkhfmg3cz6o966ib64pr1b4djkvg 843124 843123 2026-05-30T06:40:24Z Pharouqenr 25549 843124 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Hukumar Kula da Ruwa ta [[Kogin Zambezi|Zambezi]] (ZAMCOM) kungiya ce ta kula da ruwa da jihohin membobin Kudancin Afirka (SADC) suka kafa wanda yankinsu ya ƙunshi kogin Zambezi.{{Sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} == Kogin Zambezi == [[Fayil:Zambezi_river_basin_cropped.jpg|thumb|242x242px|Kogin Zambezi]] Zambezi ya samo asali ne a arewa maso yammacin Zambia, kuma yana gudana a yamma sannan kudu maso yamma ta [[Angola]] kafin ya sake shiga Zambia. Yana gudana a kudu kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na iyakar tsakanin Zambia da [[Namibiya|Namibia]]. Bayan karɓar ruwan [[Kogin Cuando|Kogin Chobe]] a wurin da Zambia, Namibia, [[Botswana]] da Zimbabwe suka haɗu, kogin yana gudana zuwa gabas tare da iyakar tsakanin Zambia da Zimbabwe, yana ba da wutar lantarki ga tashar wutar lantarki ta Kariba Dam, kafin ya shiga [[Mozambik|Mozambique]] kuma ya gudana zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]].{{Sfn|Basin Map and Description}} Kogin Zambezi ya hada da sassan Malawi da Tanzania. Zambezi ita ce kogi na huɗu mafi girma a Afirka bayan Nilu, Kongo da Nijar.{{Sfn|Moran|2011}} == Shirye-shiryen == Jihohi takwas na Zambezi Basin da ke shiga cikin ZAMCOM sune [[Angola]], [[Botswana]], [[Malawi]], [[Mozambik|Mozambique]], [[Namibiya|Namibia]], [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]], [[Zambiya|Zambia]] da [[Zimbabwe]]. Ayyukan ZAMCOM suna cikin layi tare da sake fasalin Yarjejeniyar SADC akan Shared Watercourses . {{Sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} An karɓi Yarjejeniyar SADC a cikin 1995 kuma ta ƙasashen membobin SADC, gami da duk jihohin Zambezi, kuma sun fara aiki a cikin 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SADC Protocol on Shared Watercourses (original 1995) |url=http://www.icp-confluence-sadc.org/documents/sadc-protocol-shared-watercourses-original-1995 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051555/http://www.icp-confluence-sadc.org/documents/sadc-protocol-shared-watercourses-original-1995 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 July 2013 |publisher=SADC Water Sector ICP Collaboration Portal}}</ref> Bakwai daga cikin jihohin da ke cikin kogi sun sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar ZAMCOM a ranar 13 ga Yuli 2004 a Kasane a Botswana . {{Sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} Zambia ta yi alkawarin sanya hannu bayan ƙarin shawarwari na kasa kafin taron koli na SADC na watan Agusta 2004, amma ba ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar ba.{{Sfn|SADC TODAY|2004}} Yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki a watan Yunin 2011 ba tare da Zambia ta sanya hannu ba kuma ba tare da an kafa manyan cibiyoyin ba kamar Majalisar Ministoci da Sakatariyar Dindindin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stuurman |first=Siphosethu |date=7 June 2012 |title=Zambezi Commission Comes of Age |url=http://africa.ipsterraviva.net/2012/06/07/zambezi-commission-comes-of-age/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618025730/http://africa.ipsterraviva.net/2012/06/07/zambezi-commission-comes-of-age/ |archive-date=June 18, 2012 |access-date=16 July 2013 |publisher=IPS Africa Terra Viva}}</ref> An kafa Sakatariyar ZAMCOM ta wucin gadi (IZS) da ke [[Gaborone]], Botswana, a watan Mayu 2011. IZS, wanda Babban Sakatare ke jagoranta, Gwamnatin Norway ke tallafawa ta kudi, kuma tana da manufar yin Yarjejeniyar ZAMCOM ta aiki da kuma kafa Sakatariyarta ta Dindindin. Ministocin da ke da alhakin Ruwa a cikin kasashe membobin suna ba da jagora da kulawa.{{Sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} A watan Mayu 2013 a wani taron Ministocin Ruwa na SADC a Luanda, Angola, an kafa Majalisar Ministocin ZAMCOM kuma an tsara Zimbabwe don karbar bakuncin hedkwatar Hukumar, Sakatariyar dindindin. Majalisar Ministoci ta zabi Angola don zama shugaban shekara guda. Zambia ta sanar a taron cewa "ta shirya don shiga hukumar".<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2013 |title=ZAMCOM Press release |url=http://www.zambezicommission.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=42:press-release&catid=14&Itemid=118 |access-date=16 July 2013}}</ref> == Manufofin da ayyukan == Manufar ZAMCOM ita ce "don inganta daidaito da amfani mai ma'ana na albarkatun ruwa na Zambezi Watercourse da kuma ingantaccen gudanarwa da ci gaba mai ɗorewa".{{Sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} Rage talauci shine fifiko na farko na SADC, kuma ZAMCOM yana da babban burin rage talauci ta hanyar raba ruwa.{{Sfn|SADC TODAY|2004}} ZAMCOM dole ne ya magance damuwar masu amfani da ruwa game da hakar ruwa. Ta haka ne Mozambique ta damu da cewa masana'antar prawn a cikin Zambezi delta ba ta shafar raguwar ruwa ba, kuma cewa tashar hydroelectric ta [[Cahora Bassa]] tana karɓar isasshen ruwa.{{Sfn|Valy|2004}} Shirye-shiryen ruwa na sama sun haɗa da Matabeleland Zambezi Water Project a Zimbabwe wanda zai kawo ruwa daga Zambezi zuwa [[Bulawayo]] da yankunan da ke kewaye da shi, da kuma gabatar da fadadawar Mai ɗaukar Arewa-Kudanci da ke Botswana wanda zai haɗa mai ɗaukar zuwa Kogin Zambezi. Zambia da Namibia dukansu suna da shirye-shiryen fadada ban ruwa a cikin kogin kogi. Afirka ta Kudu, kodayake ba kogin Zambezi ba ne, tana da shirye-shiryen jawo ruwa mai yawa daga Kogin Zambeji da zarar an "cikakke" Lesotho Highlands Water Project.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mutembwa |first=Ammon |year=1998 |title=Water and the Potential for Resource Conflicts in Southern Africa |url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~gsfi/gsfiweb/htmls/papers/text3.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725114626/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~gsfi/gsfiweb/htmls/papers/text3.htm |archive-date=25 July 2008 |access-date=16 July 2013 |publisher=University of Cambridge, Global Security Fellows Initiative, Occasional Paper No. 3}}</ref> == Manazarta == eo449r0g5afkjj6ivas41hiq9j5boao 0 153334 843125 2026-05-30T06:40:56Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355272160|Bahr al-Arab]]" 843125 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bahar al-Arab''' ( Arabic ) ko '''Kogin Kiir''' ( [[Harshen Dinka|Dinka]] ) [[kogi]] ne wanda ke gudana kimanin {{Convert|800|km|mi}} ta kudu maso yammacin [[Sudan]] kuma tana wakiltar wani ɓangare na iyakar ƙasashen duniya da [[Sudan ta Kudu]] . Yana cikin tsarin kogin [[Nil|Nilu]], kasancewar ma'ajiyar [[Bahr el Ghazal River|Bahr el Ghazal]], wacce ma'ajiyar Farin [[White Nile|Kogin Nilu]] ce. Kogin yana gudana ta yankunan Kurdufan da Darfur na Sudan kuma yana cikin iyakar tsakanin Darfur da yankin [[Bahr el Ghazal (Yankin Sudan ta Kudu)|Bahr el Ghazal]] a arewa maso yammacin Sudan ta Kudu. Shekaru da yawa Bahr al-Arab ya nuna iyaka tsakanin kabilun Dinka da [[Shuwa Arab|Baggara]]. Kogin ya zama iyaka da yanki na rikici tsakanin mutanen Baggara da Dinka tun lokacin da al'adunsu na baki suka fara. == Magana == Sunan "Bahr al-Arab" [[Larabci]] ne don "Teku na Larabawa" (watakila daga "Nahr al-Arabiya", Larabci don "River of the Arabs"). Mutanen Dinka suna kiranta "River Kiir". == Hanyar da ake ciki == Bahr al-Arab ya samo asali ne daga yankuna da yawa da ke zubar da tsaunukan Bongo Massif da Marrah a Darfur, kusa da iyakar Sudan da [[Cadi|Chadi]] da [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]]. Adda da Umbelasha suna gudana daga gabas daga Bongo Massif don shiga Ibrah (Wadi Ibra), wanda ke gudana kudu daga Dutsen Marrah. An kafa shi daga waɗannan yankuna, Bahr al-Arab yana gudana zuwa gabas tare da iyakar yankunan Darfur da [[Bahr el Ghazal (Yankin Sudan ta Kudu)|Bahr el Ghazal]], sannan ta hanyar kudancin yankin Kurdufan. A cewar wasu kafofin, haɗuwa Bahr al-Arab da Kogin Jur ya nuna tushen [[Bahr el Ghazal River|Kogin Bahr el Ghazal]]. Sauran kafofin sun ce Jur ya shiga Bahr el Ghazal kafin Bahr al-Arab ya yi. Bahr el Ghazal yana gudana daga gabas zuwa gabas don shiga White Nile a cikin [[Sudd]] wetlands. [[Lol River|Kogin Lol]] ya haɗu da Bahr al-Arab daga kudu, sama da haɗuwar Kogin Jur. Bahr al-Arab yana da mafi girman tafkin ruwa na kowane kogi a yankin [[Bahr el Ghazal (Yankin Sudan ta Kudu)|Bahr el Ghazal]]. Amma idan aka kwatanta da koguna a kudu, Bahr al-Arab yana da ruwa kaɗan kuma yana gudana a hankali. == Tarihi == A lokacin Yaƙin basasar Sudan na Biyu, wurin Bahr al-Arab a kan iyaka tsakanin Arewa da [[Sudan ta Kudu|Kudancin Sudan]] ya sanya shi gaba da soja da kuma yankin rikici. A farkon shekarun 1980 yammacin Sudan ya sha wahala da fari da yawa da gazawar amfanin gona. Yayin da mutane daban-daban suka koma kudu [[Shuwa Arab|Baggara]] suka koma kudu da Bahr al-Arab kuma suka shiga rikici da Dinka. Sojojin Sudan sun goyi bayan Baggara a cikin ƙoƙari na ci gaba da yaki da Sojojin 'Yancin Jama'ar Sudan (SPLA). Sojojin Baggara, waɗanda aka fi sani da murahileen, sun yi yaƙi da SPLA a cikin shekarun 1980. A ƙarshen shekaru goma ƙasar da ke kusa da Bahr al-Arab ta lalace kuma yawan jama'a sun ragu. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Sudan * Jerin koguna na Sudan ta Kudu * Biem, Sudan ta Kudu == Manazarta == 4sva9vfg87s2nj8nx6dqedd3l04pwmq 843128 843125 2026-05-30T06:41:49Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355272160|Bahr al-Arab]]" 843128 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bahar al-Arab''' ( Arabic ) ko '''Kogin Kiir''' ( [[Harshen Dinka|Dinka]] ) [[kogi]] ne wanda ke gudana kimanin {{Convert|800|km|mi}} ta kudu maso yammacin [[Sudan]] kuma tana wakiltar wani ɓangare na iyakar ƙasashen duniya da [[Sudan ta Kudu]] . Yana cikin tsarin kogin [[Nil|Nilu]], kasancewar ma'ajiyar [[Bahr el Ghazal River|Bahr el Ghazal]], wacce ma'ajiyar Farin [[White Nile|Kogin Nilu]] ce.<ref>Burr, Millard; Robert O. Collins (1995). Requiem for the Sudan: War, Drought, and Disaster Relief on the Nile. Westview Press. p. 18. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8133-2121-2</nowiki>.; online at Google Books</ref> Kogin yana gudana ta yankunan Kurdufan da Darfur na Sudan kuma yana cikin iyakar tsakanin Darfur da yankin [[Bahr el Ghazal (Yankin Sudan ta Kudu)|Bahr el Ghazal]] a arewa maso yammacin Sudan ta Kudu. Shekaru da yawa Bahr al-Arab ya nuna iyaka tsakanin kabilun Dinka da [[Shuwa Arab|Baggara]]. Kogin ya zama iyaka da yanki na rikici tsakanin mutanen Baggara da Dinka tun lokacin da al'adunsu na baki suka fara. == Magana == Sunan "Bahr al-Arab" [[Larabci]] ne don "Teku na Larabawa" (watakila daga "Nahr al-Arabiya", Larabci don "River of the Arabs"). Mutanen Dinka suna kiranta "River Kiir". == Hanyar da ake ciki == Bahr al-Arab ya samo asali ne daga yankuna da yawa da ke zubar da tsaunukan Bongo Massif da Marrah a Darfur, kusa da iyakar Sudan da [[Cadi|Chadi]] da [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]]. Adda da Umbelasha suna gudana daga gabas daga Bongo Massif don shiga Ibrah (Wadi Ibra), wanda ke gudana kudu daga Dutsen Marrah. An kafa shi daga waɗannan yankuna, Bahr al-Arab yana gudana zuwa gabas tare da iyakar yankunan Darfur da [[Bahr el Ghazal (Yankin Sudan ta Kudu)|Bahr el Ghazal]], sannan ta hanyar kudancin yankin Kurdufan. A cewar wasu kafofin, haɗuwa Bahr al-Arab da Kogin Jur ya nuna tushen [[Bahr el Ghazal River|Kogin Bahr el Ghazal]]. Sauran kafofin sun ce Jur ya shiga Bahr el Ghazal kafin Bahr al-Arab ya yi. Bahr el Ghazal yana gudana daga gabas zuwa gabas don shiga White Nile a cikin [[Sudd]] wetlands. [[Lol River|Kogin Lol]] ya haɗu da Bahr al-Arab daga kudu, sama da haɗuwar Kogin Jur. Bahr al-Arab yana da mafi girman tafkin ruwa na kowane kogi a yankin [[Bahr el Ghazal (Yankin Sudan ta Kudu)|Bahr el Ghazal]]. Amma idan aka kwatanta da koguna a kudu, Bahr al-Arab yana da ruwa kaɗan kuma yana gudana a hankali. == Tarihi == A lokacin Yaƙin basasar Sudan na Biyu, wurin Bahr al-Arab a kan iyaka tsakanin Arewa da [[Sudan ta Kudu|Kudancin Sudan]] ya sanya shi gaba da soja da kuma yankin rikici. A farkon shekarun 1980 yammacin Sudan ya sha wahala da fari da yawa da gazawar amfanin gona. Yayin da mutane daban-daban suka koma kudu [[Shuwa Arab|Baggara]] suka koma kudu da Bahr al-Arab kuma suka shiga rikici da Dinka. Sojojin Sudan sun goyi bayan Baggara a cikin ƙoƙari na ci gaba da yaki da Sojojin 'Yancin Jama'ar Sudan (SPLA). Sojojin Baggara, waɗanda aka fi sani da murahileen, sun yi yaƙi da SPLA a cikin shekarun 1980. A ƙarshen shekaru goma ƙasar da ke kusa da Bahr al-Arab ta lalace kuma yawan jama'a sun ragu. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Sudan * Jerin koguna na Sudan ta Kudu * Biem, Sudan ta Kudu == Manazarta == ouhdscf0dlttz288ua8rk736c3ac9lq 843129 843128 2026-05-30T06:42:08Z Pharouqenr 25549 843129 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bahar al-Arab''' ( Arabic ) ko '''Kogin Kiir''' ( [[Harshen Dinka|Dinka]] ) [[kogi]] ne wanda ke gudana kimanin {{Convert|800|km|mi}} ta kudu maso yammacin [[Sudan]] kuma tana wakiltar wani ɓangare na iyakar ƙasashen duniya da [[Sudan ta Kudu]] . Yana cikin tsarin kogin [[Nil|Nilu]], kasancewar ma'ajiyar [[Bahr el Ghazal River|Bahr el Ghazal]], wacce ma'ajiyar Farin [[White Nile|Kogin Nilu]] ce.<ref>Burr, Millard; Robert O. Collins (1995). Requiem for the Sudan: War, Drought, and Disaster Relief on the Nile. Westview Press. p. 18. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8133-2121-2</nowiki>.; online at Google Books</ref> Kogin yana gudana ta yankunan Kurdufan da Darfur na Sudan kuma yana cikin iyakar tsakanin Darfur da yankin [[Bahr el Ghazal (Yankin Sudan ta Kudu)|Bahr el Ghazal]] a arewa maso yammacin Sudan ta Kudu. Shekaru da yawa Bahr al-Arab ya nuna iyaka tsakanin kabilun Dinka da [[Shuwa Arab|Baggara]]. Kogin ya zama iyaka da yanki na rikici tsakanin mutanen Baggara da Dinka tun lokacin da al'adunsu na baki suka fara. == Magana == Sunan "Bahr al-Arab" [[Larabci]] ne don "Teku na Larabawa" (watakila daga "Nahr al-Arabiya", Larabci don "River of the Arabs"). Mutanen Dinka suna kiranta "River Kiir". == Hanyar da ake ciki == Bahr al-Arab ya samo asali ne daga yankuna da yawa da ke zubar da tsaunukan Bongo Massif da Marrah a Darfur, kusa da iyakar Sudan da [[Cadi|Chadi]] da [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]]. Adda da Umbelasha suna gudana daga gabas daga Bongo Massif don shiga Ibrah (Wadi Ibra), wanda ke gudana kudu daga Dutsen Marrah. An kafa shi daga waɗannan yankuna, Bahr al-Arab yana gudana zuwa gabas tare da iyakar yankunan Darfur da [[Bahr el Ghazal (Yankin Sudan ta Kudu)|Bahr el Ghazal]], sannan ta hanyar kudancin yankin Kurdufan. A cewar wasu kafofin, haɗuwa Bahr al-Arab da Kogin Jur ya nuna tushen [[Bahr el Ghazal River|Kogin Bahr el Ghazal]]. Sauran kafofin sun ce Jur ya shiga Bahr el Ghazal kafin Bahr al-Arab ya yi. Bahr el Ghazal yana gudana daga gabas zuwa gabas don shiga White Nile a cikin [[Sudd]] wetlands. [[Lol River|Kogin Lol]] ya haɗu da Bahr al-Arab daga kudu, sama da haɗuwar Kogin Jur. Bahr al-Arab yana da mafi girman tafkin ruwa na kowane kogi a yankin [[Bahr el Ghazal (Yankin Sudan ta Kudu)|Bahr el Ghazal]]. Amma idan aka kwatanta da koguna a kudu, Bahr al-Arab yana da ruwa kaɗan kuma yana gudana a hankali. == Tarihi == A lokacin Yaƙin basasar Sudan na Biyu, wurin Bahr al-Arab a kan iyaka tsakanin Arewa da [[Sudan ta Kudu|Kudancin Sudan]] ya sanya shi gaba da soja da kuma yankin rikici. A farkon shekarun 1980 yammacin Sudan ya sha wahala da fari da yawa da gazawar amfanin gona. Yayin da mutane daban-daban suka koma kudu [[Shuwa Arab|Baggara]] suka koma kudu da Bahr al-Arab kuma suka shiga rikici da Dinka. Sojojin Sudan sun goyi bayan Baggara a cikin ƙoƙari na ci gaba da yaki da Sojojin 'Yancin Jama'ar Sudan (SPLA). Sojojin Baggara, waɗanda aka fi sani da murahileen, sun yi yaƙi da SPLA a cikin shekarun 1980. A ƙarshen shekaru goma ƙasar da ke kusa da Bahr al-Arab ta lalace kuma yawan jama'a sun ragu. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Sudan * Jerin koguna na Sudan ta Kudu * Biem, Sudan ta Kudu == Manazarta == piccbhaqvs1z2xadaagi0ogjv9q9fxd 0 153335 843130 2026-05-30T06:42:29Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | suna = Aspire Academy Najeriya cikakken_suna = Aspire Football Dreams Nigeria | kafa = 2007 | wuri = Najeriya | nau'i = Kwalejin haɓaka matasan 'yan ƙwallon ƙafa | alaƙa = Aspire Academy, Doha, Qatar }} '''Aspire Academy Najeriya''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Aspire Football Dreams Nigeria''') shiri ne na gano da bunƙasa hazikan matasan 'yan ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya wanda ke aiki ƙarƙashin haɗin gwiwar '''Aspire Academy''' ta ƙasar Qatar. An ƙ... 843130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | suna = Aspire Academy Najeriya cikakken_suna = Aspire Football Dreams Nigeria | kafa = 2007 | wuri = Najeriya | nau'i = Kwalejin haɓaka matasan 'yan ƙwallon ƙafa | alaƙa = Aspire Academy, Doha, Qatar }} '''Aspire Academy Najeriya''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Aspire Football Dreams Nigeria''') shiri ne na gano da bunƙasa hazikan matasan 'yan ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya wanda ke aiki ƙarƙashin haɗin gwiwar '''Aspire Academy''' ta ƙasar Qatar. An ƙaddamar da shirin a Najeriya a shekara ta 2007 da manufar gano ƙwararrun yara masu baiwar ƙwallon ƙafa tare da ba su horo, ilimi da damar cigaba a matakin duniya. Shirin yana gudanar da zaɓe da gwaje-gwajen ƙwallon ƙafa a jihohin Najeriya domin gano matasan da za su samu damar horo a cibiyoyin Aspire da ke Qatar da Senegal.<ref>{{cite news |title=Aspire academy hails NFF, stages ninth finals |url=https://thenff.com/aspire-academy-hails-nff-stages-ninth-finals/ |work=Nigeria Football Federation |date=16 September 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Aspire Sports Academy commences registration in Nigeria |url=https://nigeriang.com/sports/aspire-sports-academy-commences-registration-in-nigeria/2367/ |work=Nigeria Content Online |date=8 June 2010 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == Aspire Football Dreams ya fara aiki a Najeriya a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin duniya na Aspire Academy na Qatar. Shirin ya mayar da hankali ne kan gano matasa masu shekaru ƙanana daga sassa daban-daban na ƙasar, tare da ba su damar shiga matakan tantancewa da horaswa. Daraktan shirin a Najeriya, Kanar Sam Ahmedu (mai ritaya), ya bayyana cewa manufar shirin ita ce koyar da yara ƙa'idojin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa tun daga ƙuruciya tare da samar musu da ingantaccen yanayin ci gaba a harkar wasanni da ilimi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Aspire Football Dreams project begins in Lagos |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/09/aspire-football-dreams-project-begins-in-lagos/ |work=Vanguard Nigeria |date=16 September 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Tun bayan fara gudanar da shirin a Najeriya, dubban yara daga jihohi 36 da Babban Birnin Tarayya Abuja sun shiga matakan zaɓe. A shekarar 2015 kadai, sama da yara 700 ne suka shiga zagayen farko, inda aka rage su zuwa mutum 50 domin shiga babban zagayen ƙarshe. Daga cikin waɗannan ne ake zaɓar wasu kaɗan da za su samu damar tafiya zuwa Aspire Academy domin ci gaba da horo da karatu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Aspire Football Dreams project begins in Lagos |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/09/aspire-football-dreams-project-begins-in-lagos/ |work=Vanguard Nigeria |date=16 September 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Haɗin gwiwa da Hukumar NFF == Aspire Football Dreams Nigeria na aiki tare da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya (NFF), wadda ta dade tana tallafa wa ayyukan shirin. Jami'an Aspire sun yaba wa NFF bisa irin gudummawar da take bayarwa wajen tabbatar da nasarar shirin a Najeriya. Haka kuma, wasu daga cikin ƙungiyoyin matasan Najeriya sun taɓa amfani da cibiyoyin Aspire Academy da ke Qatar wajen shirye-shiryen manyan gasa na duniya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Aspire academy hails NFF, stages ninth finals |url=https://thenff.com/aspire-academy-hails-nff-stages-ninth-finals/ |work=Nigeria Football Federation |date=16 September 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Fitattun 'yan wasan da suka amfana == Shirin Aspire Football Dreams ya taimaka wajen gano da haɓaka wasu fitattun 'yan wasan Najeriya. Daga cikin waɗanda suka amfana akwai '''Funsho Bamgboye''', wanda ya taka rawa a tawagar Najeriya ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17, da kuma '''Francis Uzoho''', wanda daga baya ya zama golan Super Eagles kuma ya fara buga gasar La Liga ta Spain bayan ya bi ta tsarin Aspire Football Dreams.<ref>{{cite news |title=Aspire academy hails NFF, stages ninth finals |url=https://thenff.com/aspire-academy-hails-nff-stages-ninth-finals/ |work=Nigeria Football Federation |date=16 September 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=ASPIRE FOOTBALL DREAMS PLAYER UZOHO, MAKES LA LIGA DEBUT |url=https://aspire.qa/Media/News/aspire-football-dreams-player-uzoho-makes-la-liga-debut |work=Aspire Academy |date=15 October 2017 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A cewar masu gudanar da shirin, fiye da matasa 30 daga Najeriya sun samu horo ko tallafi ta hanyar Aspire Football Dreams tun bayan fara aikinsa a ƙasar. Wasu daga cikinsu sun wakilci Najeriya a matakan Golden Eaglets da Flying Eagles, yayin da wasu suka samu damar taka leda a ƙasashen waje.<ref>{{cite news |title=Aspire academy hails NFF, stages ninth finals |url=https://thenff.com/aspire-academy-hails-nff-stages-ninth-finals/ |work=Nigeria Football Federation |date=16 September 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Aspire Football Dreams project begins in Lagos |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/09/aspire-football-dreams-project-begins-in-lagos/ |work=Vanguard Nigeria |date=16 September 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manufofi == Babbar manufar Aspire Football Dreams Nigeria ita ce gano hazikan matasa masu baiwar ƙwallon ƙafa tare da samar musu da ingantaccen horo da ilimi. Shirin yana kuma ƙoƙarin taimakawa yara daga al'ummomi daban-daban su samu damar shiga manyan cibiyoyin horas da 'yan wasa na duniya, tare da ƙarfafa ci gaban wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Aspire Sports Academy commences registration in Nigeria |url=https://nigeriang.com/sports/aspire-sports-academy-commences-registration-in-nigeria/2367/ |work=Nigeria Content Online |date=8 June 2010 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Aspire academy hails NFF, stages ninth finals |url=https://thenff.com/aspire-academy-hails-nff-stages-ninth-finals/ |work=Nigeria Football Federation |date=16 September 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://aspire.qa/ Aspire Academy Official Website] * [https://thenff.com/ Nigeria Football Federation] [[Category:Kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na Najeriya]] [[Category:Kwalejojin koyar da kwallon kafa]] [[Category:An kafa su a 2007 a Najeriya]] 2i3pmezia3wzoodeh7vsgug7sgvtizs 0 153336 843131 2026-05-30T06:42:51Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1271223241|Bahr el Zeraf]]" 843131 wikitext text/x-wiki The '''Bahr el Zeraf''' ( Arabic , wanda kuma aka sani da Kogin '''Giraffe''' ko '''Phow''' a cikin [[Turanci|harshen Ingilishi]], <ref name="Pease1909">{{Cite book|last3=Alfred Edward Pease}}</ref> wani yanki ne na [[White Nile|Farin Kogin Nilu]] a yankin [[Sudd]] na [[Sudan ta Kudu]] . Yana cikin jihar Jonglei ta Kudancin Sudan . Sunansa Larabci ne don "Kogin Giraffe ". == Hanyar da ake ciki == Bahr el Zeraf ya samo asali ne a kudancin Sudd wetlands a matsayin hannu na [[White Nile|Bahr al Jabal]] ("Mountain Nile") sashi na White Nile. An haƙa magudanan ruwa guda biyu da aka sani da Zeraf Cuts a cikin 1910 da 1913 don haɗa koguna biyu a 7°46′05′′N 30°34′01′′E / 7.768°N 30.567°E / 7.768; 30.567. Wadannan hanyoyin sun karkatar da wasu kwararar Jabal, fiye da ninka girman Zeraf, tare da niyyar hanzarta kwararar zuwa Misira don haka rage ruwan da ya "lalata" zuwa evaporation da transpiration a cikin maras kyau.<ref name="Newhouse" /> Daga Cuts Zeraf yana gudana zuwa arewa ta hanyar Ez Zeraf Game Reserve na kilomita 280 (170 . Kimanin kilomita 100 (62 na wannan nisan yana ta hanyar ci gaba da tafki tare da tsibirai, yana ci gaba da raguwa zuwa tashar da aka ƙayyade sosai tare da bankunan da aka ɗaga. Zeraf ya sake haɗuwa da White Nile kusa da New Fangak, kilomita 80 (50 a cikin kogi daga Lake No da kilomita 56 (35 a saman kogi daga Malakal. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Sudan ta Kudu == Manazarta == oewr1mand1abm2cs0epbr0ikw5mympq 843133 843131 2026-05-30T06:43:12Z Pharouqenr 25549 843133 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} The '''Bahr el Zeraf''' ( Arabic , wanda kuma aka sani da Kogin '''Giraffe''' ko '''Phow''' a cikin [[Turanci|harshen Ingilishi]], <ref name="Pease1909">{{Cite book|last3=Alfred Edward Pease}}</ref> wani yanki ne na [[White Nile|Farin Kogin Nilu]] a yankin [[Sudd]] na [[Sudan ta Kudu]] . Yana cikin jihar Jonglei ta Kudancin Sudan . Sunansa Larabci ne don "Kogin Giraffe ". == Hanyar da ake ciki == Bahr el Zeraf ya samo asali ne a kudancin Sudd wetlands a matsayin hannu na [[White Nile|Bahr al Jabal]] ("Mountain Nile") sashi na White Nile. An haƙa magudanan ruwa guda biyu da aka sani da Zeraf Cuts a cikin 1910 da 1913 don haɗa koguna biyu a 7°46′05′′N 30°34′01′′E / 7.768°N 30.567°E / 7.768; 30.567. Wadannan hanyoyin sun karkatar da wasu kwararar Jabal, fiye da ninka girman Zeraf, tare da niyyar hanzarta kwararar zuwa Misira don haka rage ruwan da ya "lalata" zuwa evaporation da transpiration a cikin maras kyau.<ref name="Newhouse" /> Daga Cuts Zeraf yana gudana zuwa arewa ta hanyar Ez Zeraf Game Reserve na kilomita 280 (170 . Kimanin kilomita 100 (62 na wannan nisan yana ta hanyar ci gaba da tafki tare da tsibirai, yana ci gaba da raguwa zuwa tashar da aka ƙayyade sosai tare da bankunan da aka ɗaga. Zeraf ya sake haɗuwa da White Nile kusa da New Fangak, kilomita 80 (50 a cikin kogi daga Lake No da kilomita 56 (35 a saman kogi daga Malakal. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Sudan ta Kudu == Manazarta == stj3e93ha00yg7ahiayd2awk60iyg52 0 153337 843135 2026-05-30T06:44:47Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1168457293|Blue Nile Basin]]" 843135 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Central_African_Rifts.svg|thumb|379x379px|Rashin hankali a Sudan da Kenya]] [[Blue Nile]] Basin babban tsari ne na ilimin ƙasa a arewa maso yammacin Habasha da aka kafa a zamanin Mesozoic a lokacin wani lokaci na tsawo da ke da alaƙa da rushewar Gondwana, kuma an cika shi da ajiyar sedimentary. Kogin Blue Nile na zamani ya yanke a fadin wani bangare na kwandon.<ref>N. DS. GANI; M. G. ABDELSALAM; S. GERA & M. R. GANI (2008). "Stratigraphic and structural evolution of the Blue Nile Basin, Northwestern Ethiopian Plateau" (PDF). Geological Journal. doi:10.1002/gj.1127. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-20. Retrieved 2011-01-28.</ref> == Yankin da ke cikin ƙasa == [[Kogi|kogin]] Blue Nile ya samo asali ne a wani yanki na duwatsun Neoproterozoic masu shekaru kusan 750 Ma wanda ya zama [[Filayen|peneplain]], mai yiwuwa a zamanin Paleozoic (540-250 Ma). An kafa kwandon ne saboda raguwa a lokacin zamanin Mesozoic (250-66 Ma). Tsakanin Triassic da farkon Jurassic, kimanin mita 300 na ruwa da koguna sun ajiye su. A lokacin Jurassic (200-145 Ma) an rufe kwandon sau biyu da hannu na [[Tekun Indiya]] na tsawon lokaci, yana haifar da ƙananan dutse mai kauri 450 m da kuma dutse mai kai 400 m. A ƙarshen Jurassic da farkon Cretaceous lokacin kwandon ya tashi, kuma an ajiye tsaunuka na 280 m na sama, duka alluvial ko fluvial. Gabaɗaya, an ajiye kusan kilomita 1.4 na turɓaya a kan duwatsun ginshiki a wannan lokacin.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Daga baya, gashin farkawa na Afar ya haifar da fashewar [[Dutsen Volcano|dutsen wuta]] a farkon da marigayi Oligocene (34-23 Ma), yana ajiye duwatsun dutsen wuta tsakanin 500 m da 2000 m kauri, tare da ƙarin fashewa a cikin Quaternary yana ajiye wani 300 m na dutse. Wadannan yadudduka an fallasa su inda kogin Blue Nile ya yanke ta cikin sassan, yana haifar da gorge na 1,600 m inda za'a iya nazarin duwatsu na lokuta daban-daban. Koyaya, ba a san gine-ginen kwandon sosai a wasu yankuna ba saboda kauri na saman dutsen dutse na baya-bayan nan. == Rashin jituwa == Yankin rift din da ke faruwa a NW ya samo asali ne lokacin da aka tsawaita duwatsun ginshiki tsakanin Triassic da farkon Cretaceous ta hanyar dakarun da suka shafi rifting na Gondwana. Kamar yadda aka kafa kwandon Blue Nile, an cika shi da ɗakunan ruwa da ruwa. A ƙarshen Miocene ƙarin rifting ya faru a cikin tsawo na NW-SE da ke da alaƙa da Babban rift na Habasha, wanda ya samar da kuskuren NE-trending. A cikin Quaternary (2.5 Ma - yanzu) yankin ya kasance yana ƙarƙashin ƙarin damuwa yayin da Babban rami na Habasha ya buɗe a ɓoye, yana haifar da N, ESE da NW trending extensions a cikin kwandon. Sauran raƙuman ruwa tare da wannan tsari sun kafa a yankin a lokaci guda. Blue Nile rift, Melut Basin da Muglad Basin duk sun ƙare a kan layin Yankin shear na Afirka ta Tsakiya, babban yanki mai laushi. Yanzu an san cewa Muglad da Melut sun haɗu a kudu maso gabas, sannan suka haɗu da rami na Anza a [[Kenya]]. Yana yiwuwa cewa tafkin Blue Nile na iya zama fadada kudu maso gabashin rift na Blue Nile a [[Sudan]], kuma yana iya fadada kudubas da Babban rift na [[Itofiya|Habasha]], yana haɗawa da Ogaden Basin a kudu maso gabobin Habasha. == Manazarta == dx51fy8ky3sxfzgm7grqs4naqkqqyd4 843136 843135 2026-05-30T06:45:06Z Pharouqenr 25549 843136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Central_African_Rifts.svg|thumb|379x379px|Rashin hankali a Sudan da Kenya]] [[Blue Nile]] Basin babban tsari ne na ilimin ƙasa a arewa maso yammacin Habasha da aka kafa a zamanin Mesozoic a lokacin wani lokaci na tsawo da ke da alaƙa da rushewar Gondwana, kuma an cika shi da ajiyar sedimentary. Kogin Blue Nile na zamani ya yanke a fadin wani bangare na kwandon.<ref>N. DS. GANI; M. G. ABDELSALAM; S. GERA & M. R. GANI (2008). "Stratigraphic and structural evolution of the Blue Nile Basin, Northwestern Ethiopian Plateau" (PDF). Geological Journal. doi:10.1002/gj.1127. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-20. Retrieved 2011-01-28.</ref> == Yankin da ke cikin ƙasa == [[Kogi|kogin]] Blue Nile ya samo asali ne a wani yanki na duwatsun Neoproterozoic masu shekaru kusan 750 Ma wanda ya zama [[Filayen|peneplain]], mai yiwuwa a zamanin Paleozoic (540-250 Ma). An kafa kwandon ne saboda raguwa a lokacin zamanin Mesozoic (250-66 Ma). Tsakanin Triassic da farkon Jurassic, kimanin mita 300 na ruwa da koguna sun ajiye su. A lokacin Jurassic (200-145 Ma) an rufe kwandon sau biyu da hannu na [[Tekun Indiya]] na tsawon lokaci, yana haifar da ƙananan dutse mai kauri 450 m da kuma dutse mai kai 400 m. A ƙarshen Jurassic da farkon Cretaceous lokacin kwandon ya tashi, kuma an ajiye tsaunuka na 280 m na sama, duka alluvial ko fluvial. Gabaɗaya, an ajiye kusan kilomita 1.4 na turɓaya a kan duwatsun ginshiki a wannan lokacin.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Daga baya, gashin farkawa na Afar ya haifar da fashewar [[Dutsen Volcano|dutsen wuta]] a farkon da marigayi Oligocene (34-23 Ma), yana ajiye duwatsun dutsen wuta tsakanin 500 m da 2000 m kauri, tare da ƙarin fashewa a cikin Quaternary yana ajiye wani 300 m na dutse. Wadannan yadudduka an fallasa su inda kogin Blue Nile ya yanke ta cikin sassan, yana haifar da gorge na 1,600 m inda za'a iya nazarin duwatsu na lokuta daban-daban. Koyaya, ba a san gine-ginen kwandon sosai a wasu yankuna ba saboda kauri na saman dutsen dutse na baya-bayan nan. == Rashin jituwa == Yankin rift din da ke faruwa a NW ya samo asali ne lokacin da aka tsawaita duwatsun ginshiki tsakanin Triassic da farkon Cretaceous ta hanyar dakarun da suka shafi rifting na Gondwana. Kamar yadda aka kafa kwandon Blue Nile, an cika shi da ɗakunan ruwa da ruwa. A ƙarshen Miocene ƙarin rifting ya faru a cikin tsawo na NW-SE da ke da alaƙa da Babban rift na Habasha, wanda ya samar da kuskuren NE-trending. A cikin Quaternary (2.5 Ma - yanzu) yankin ya kasance yana ƙarƙashin ƙarin damuwa yayin da Babban rami na Habasha ya buɗe a ɓoye, yana haifar da N, ESE da NW trending extensions a cikin kwandon. Sauran raƙuman ruwa tare da wannan tsari sun kafa a yankin a lokaci guda. Blue Nile rift, Melut Basin da Muglad Basin duk sun ƙare a kan layin Yankin shear na Afirka ta Tsakiya, babban yanki mai laushi. Yanzu an san cewa Muglad da Melut sun haɗu a kudu maso gabas, sannan suka haɗu da rami na Anza a [[Kenya]]. Yana yiwuwa cewa tafkin Blue Nile na iya zama fadada kudu maso gabashin rift na Blue Nile a [[Sudan]], kuma yana iya fadada kudubas da Babban rift na [[Itofiya|Habasha]], yana haɗawa da Ogaden Basin a kudu maso gabobin Habasha. == Manazarta == n2qhf1hnuew5dtppinqv7agr5el00gr 0 153338 843138 2026-05-30T06:45:43Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329158530|Egyptian Public Works]]" 843138 wikitext text/x-wiki An kafa '''Ma'aikatar Ayyukan jama'a ta Masar''' a farkon karni na 19, kuma tana mai da hankali kan Ayyukan jama'a da suka shafi ban ruwa da Injiniyan ruwa. Wadannan ayyukan ban ruwa sun kasance mafi yawan aikin da wannan kungiya ta yi a [[Misra|Misira]]. A cikin kusan tarihinta na shekaru 200, Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Jama'a ta Masar ta dauki ma'aikata da yawa kuma ta gina manyan ayyukan ayyukan jama'a a duk faɗin ƙasar. Ya zama mafi girman mashahuriyar injiniya kuma an dauke shi a matsayin 'mafi kyawun makaranta' ga injiniyoyin farar hula a Misira ta zamani. Za'a iya raba tarihinta zuwa lokuta uku:<ref>S. Rappoport, History Of Egypt From 330 B.C. To The Present Time, Volume 12 (of 12), Grollier Society c. 1910 Knowles, James, The Nineteenth Century, London, 1885</ref> == Lokacin Classic (1818-1882) == Ƙananan lokacin ya kasance da tasirin injiniyoyin Faransa da / ko injiniyoyin Masar masu ilimi na Faransa. An gina ayyukan ayyukan jama'a da yawa a cikin Upper da Lower Egypt a wannan lokacin, amma mafi shahara daga cikin waɗannan shine gina manyan hanyoyin ban ruwa guda uku (Mahmoudiyah, Ismailia, da Ibrahimiya) da Delta Barrages. === Farkon Farko a ƙarƙashin Muhammad Ali === Bayan ya hau mulki a 1805, [[Muhammad Ali of Egypt|Muhammad Ali]] of Egypt">[[Muhammad Ali Pasha|Muhammad Ali]] Pasha ya fara karfafa ikonsa da gina daular. Hanyar da ya cimma hakan ita ce inganta Masar da kuma gina rundunar soja mai karfi ta Turai da tsarin gwamnati na zamani. Sha'awarsa ta sabuntawa ta haifar da sabbin cibiyoyi da yawa kamar makarantar soja ta zamani ta farko, cibiyoyin ilimi, asibitoci, hanyoyi da canals, masana'antu don samar da kayan aiki da makamai, da kuma ginin jirgi a Alexandria. Ya kafa makarantar Injiniya (''Mohandes Khana'') a cikin 1820 don samar da injiniyoyi da masana kimiyya da zai buƙaci aiwatar da dukkan manyan ayyukan da ya shirya. Da yake sha'awar fannoni na kimiyya da al'adu na Faransanci (1798-1801), [[Muhammad Ali Pasha|Muhammad Ali]] ya dogara da masana kimiyya da masu sana'a na Faransa don taimaka masa ya sabunta Masar. Injiniyan Faransa Pascal Coste shine injiniyan farko da [[Muhammad Ali Pasha|Muhammad Ali]] ya hayar a 1817 don taimaka masa wajen gina ayyukansa masu ban sha'awa. Coste ya yi aiki a kan wasu ƙananan ayyukan da farko, sannan ya zo mafi girma lokacin da Muhammad Ali ya nada shi a matsayin Babban Injiniya na Ƙananan Masar. Wannan shi ne matsayi mafi girma na injiniya a [[Misra|Misira]] a lokacin tun lokacin da yawancin aikin Muhammad Ali don inganta ban ruwa ya mai da hankali ne a wannan yankin na Kogin Nilu. A karkashin sabon matsayinsa, Coste ya fara aiki a kan gina tashar Mahmoudiyah, na farko na dogon jerin manyan ayyukan ban ruwa da za a gina a wannan zamanin. [[Fayil:Pascal_Coste.jpg|thumb|Injiniyan Faransa Pascal Coste (1787-1879). Babban Injiniya na farko na Ƙananan Misira (1819-1829) ]] ==== Hanyar Mahmoudiyah ==== A kusa da 1818, [[Muhammad Ali Pasha|Muhammad Ali]] ya yi tunanin haƙa wani tashar da za ta ba da damar jiragen ruwa da ke kawo kaya daga Upper, Middle da Lower Egypt su isa Alexandria ba tare da wuce [[Rosetta]] da bakin kogin ba, wani batu inda jiragen ruwa da yawa suka nutse saboda tashin hankali na ruwa. Ya zaɓi injiniyan Turkiyya, [[Shakir Effendi]], don Na Sama mai kula da ƙira da aiwatar da aikin. Tashar za ta fara ne a ƙauyen Atfa, a ƙasa da [[Fuwwa]]; za ta kasance dan kadan fiye da kilomita 80 (50 tsawo. Shakir Effendi da alama ya yi kuskure ga aikinsa, kuma injiniyan Faransa Pascal Coste (1787-1879) ya maye gurbinsa wanda ya kammala tashar a cikin 'yan watanni a cikin 1820. Ƙananan tashar, wacce ta haɗa [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] da tashar jiragen ruwa ta yammacin birnin, ta ba [[Alexandria|Iskandariya]] damar shiga Tsakiya ƙasar Masar kuma ta sanya Masar fuska da teku. Har ila yau, ya samar da Alexandria da ruwan Nilu a karo na farko a tarihi. Ya kamata a ambaci shi a nan duk da haka cewa an gina dukkan tashar ta amfani da tsarin da aka ƙi, wanda [[Muhammad Ali Pasha|Muhammad Ali]] da magajinsa suka yi amfani da shi sosai kuma a ƙarshe an soke shi a ƙarƙashin Khedive Ismail yayin tono [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]]. An tsara ma'aikata sama da mutane 300,000 daga kowane bangare na Masar don haƙa tashar Mahmoudiya, wanda ba shi da mahimmanci ga noma, kuma wanda aka tsara musamman don amfanin birnin Alexandria. ==== Kogin Delta ==== Tare da babban fadada aikin auduga na kasuwanci da noman sukari, an fara tasowa da kogin kogin kuma an ƙarfafa su don kare amfanin gona na rani daga ruwan ambaliyar ruwa. A cikin Kogin Nilu an zurfafa tsoffin magudanan ruwa kuma an gina ƙananan ruwa a fadin su don haɓaka matakin ruwa. Amma wannan babban aiki ne, kuma tun da yake an shimfiɗa magudanan ruwa sosai kuma an tsara su sun cika da laka a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa kuma ana buƙatar sake tono su. An shawarci [[Muhammad Ali Pasha]] da ya ɗaga saman ruwa ta hanyar gina maDatsar ruwa (ko, kamar yadda Faransanci suka kira shi, barga) a fadin saman Kogin Nilu, mil goma sha biyu (19 arewacin [[Kairo|Alkahira]]. [[Fayil:Nile_Barrage_(1906)_-_TIMEA.jpg|thumb|Kogin Nilu a cikin 1906, tare da gine-ginen da ya bambanta]] A cikin 1843 an kafa harsashin manyan barga biyu a fadin rassan [[Rosetta]] da Damietta na Kogin Nilu a inda suka raba arewacin [[Kairo|Alkahira]]. Injiniyan aikin shine injiniyan Faransa Mougel Bey, wanda manufarsa ita ce tsara dukkan tsarin ruwa na Nilu Delta. Duk da yake da farko ba su yi nasara ba, barga biyu za su ba da izinin juyawa sama da kadada 754,000 (3,050 ) na Delta na Nilu daga ban ruwa na yanayi zuwa ban [[Perennial irrigation|Ruwa na yau da kullun]]; karuwar wadatar ruwa ta tsawaita lokacin tsiro na rani, kuma ta kara yawan aikin gona. Amma wannan babban aikin ya kasance mai tsada sosai kuma ya shafi yanayin fasaha na injiniya. Gine-gine ya ɗauki kusan shekaru 20 kuma ya cinye dukiya mai yawa. Sashe na [[Rosetta]] yana da tsawon mita 465 tare da arches 61 dauke da sluices, kowannensu na mita biyar a fadin. Sashe na Damietta yana da tsawon mita 535 tare da arches 71 dauke da irin wannan girman sluices. An ba da ƙofofin kewayawa a kan rassan biyu, kuma an haɗa bargayen biyu ta hanyar hanya mai faɗin mita 8.6, tare da gadaje a kan ƙofofin. Shirya ganuwar da ke da hasumiyoyi da turrets sun kammala tsarin da ya fi dacewa. === A karkashin Abbas Hilmi I === [[Muhammad Ali Pasha]] ya mutu a 1848 ba tare da ganin an kammala madatsar ruwan Delta ba. Jikansa Abbas Hilmi I ne ya gaje shi, (1848-1854) wanda sanannen raini ga kakansa ya sa ya dakatar ko ya bar mafi yawan manyan ayyukan [[Muhammad Ali Pasha]], gami da Delta Barrages. [[Abbas I na Masar|Abbas Pasha]] ba shi da bangaskiya ga aikin kuma yana so ya bar gina madatsar ruwa. Ya sallami Mougel Bey a watan Afrilu, 1853, kuma ya sanya [[Mazhar Bey]] a matsayin mai kula da aikin. Da yake jin rashin sha'awar maigidansa ga aikin, Mazhar Bey, injiniyan Turkiyya, bai yi yawa ba don kammala aikin da za a kammala daga baya a lokacin Wali na gaba na Masar daga Daular Muhammad Ali, Sa'id Pasha. == Manazarta == cc15nh5r6s14wcixxx10j49q7jg9em4 843139 843138 2026-05-30T06:46:01Z Pharouqenr 25549 843139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An kafa '''Ma'aikatar Ayyukan jama'a ta Masar''' a farkon karni na 19, kuma tana mai da hankali kan Ayyukan jama'a da suka shafi ban ruwa da Injiniyan ruwa. Wadannan ayyukan ban ruwa sun kasance mafi yawan aikin da wannan kungiya ta yi a [[Misra|Misira]]. A cikin kusan tarihinta na shekaru 200, Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Jama'a ta Masar ta dauki ma'aikata da yawa kuma ta gina manyan ayyukan ayyukan jama'a a duk faɗin ƙasar. Ya zama mafi girman mashahuriyar injiniya kuma an dauke shi a matsayin 'mafi kyawun makaranta' ga injiniyoyin farar hula a Misira ta zamani. Za'a iya raba tarihinta zuwa lokuta uku:<ref>S. Rappoport, History Of Egypt From 330 B.C. To The Present Time, Volume 12 (of 12), Grollier Society c. 1910 Knowles, James, The Nineteenth Century, London, 1885</ref> == Lokacin Classic (1818-1882) == Ƙananan lokacin ya kasance da tasirin injiniyoyin Faransa da / ko injiniyoyin Masar masu ilimi na Faransa. An gina ayyukan ayyukan jama'a da yawa a cikin Upper da Lower Egypt a wannan lokacin, amma mafi shahara daga cikin waɗannan shine gina manyan hanyoyin ban ruwa guda uku (Mahmoudiyah, Ismailia, da Ibrahimiya) da Delta Barrages. === Farkon Farko a ƙarƙashin Muhammad Ali === Bayan ya hau mulki a 1805, [[Muhammad Ali of Egypt|Muhammad Ali]] of Egypt">[[Muhammad Ali Pasha|Muhammad Ali]] Pasha ya fara karfafa ikonsa da gina daular. Hanyar da ya cimma hakan ita ce inganta Masar da kuma gina rundunar soja mai karfi ta Turai da tsarin gwamnati na zamani. Sha'awarsa ta sabuntawa ta haifar da sabbin cibiyoyi da yawa kamar makarantar soja ta zamani ta farko, cibiyoyin ilimi, asibitoci, hanyoyi da canals, masana'antu don samar da kayan aiki da makamai, da kuma ginin jirgi a Alexandria. Ya kafa makarantar Injiniya (''Mohandes Khana'') a cikin 1820 don samar da injiniyoyi da masana kimiyya da zai buƙaci aiwatar da dukkan manyan ayyukan da ya shirya. Da yake sha'awar fannoni na kimiyya da al'adu na Faransanci (1798-1801), [[Muhammad Ali Pasha|Muhammad Ali]] ya dogara da masana kimiyya da masu sana'a na Faransa don taimaka masa ya sabunta Masar. Injiniyan Faransa Pascal Coste shine injiniyan farko da [[Muhammad Ali Pasha|Muhammad Ali]] ya hayar a 1817 don taimaka masa wajen gina ayyukansa masu ban sha'awa. Coste ya yi aiki a kan wasu ƙananan ayyukan da farko, sannan ya zo mafi girma lokacin da Muhammad Ali ya nada shi a matsayin Babban Injiniya na Ƙananan Masar. Wannan shi ne matsayi mafi girma na injiniya a [[Misra|Misira]] a lokacin tun lokacin da yawancin aikin Muhammad Ali don inganta ban ruwa ya mai da hankali ne a wannan yankin na Kogin Nilu. A karkashin sabon matsayinsa, Coste ya fara aiki a kan gina tashar Mahmoudiyah, na farko na dogon jerin manyan ayyukan ban ruwa da za a gina a wannan zamanin. [[Fayil:Pascal_Coste.jpg|thumb|Injiniyan Faransa Pascal Coste (1787-1879). Babban Injiniya na farko na Ƙananan Misira (1819-1829) ]] ==== Hanyar Mahmoudiyah ==== A kusa da 1818, [[Muhammad Ali Pasha|Muhammad Ali]] ya yi tunanin haƙa wani tashar da za ta ba da damar jiragen ruwa da ke kawo kaya daga Upper, Middle da Lower Egypt su isa Alexandria ba tare da wuce [[Rosetta]] da bakin kogin ba, wani batu inda jiragen ruwa da yawa suka nutse saboda tashin hankali na ruwa. Ya zaɓi injiniyan Turkiyya, [[Shakir Effendi]], don Na Sama mai kula da ƙira da aiwatar da aikin. Tashar za ta fara ne a ƙauyen Atfa, a ƙasa da [[Fuwwa]]; za ta kasance dan kadan fiye da kilomita 80 (50 tsawo. Shakir Effendi da alama ya yi kuskure ga aikinsa, kuma injiniyan Faransa Pascal Coste (1787-1879) ya maye gurbinsa wanda ya kammala tashar a cikin 'yan watanni a cikin 1820. Ƙananan tashar, wacce ta haɗa [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] da tashar jiragen ruwa ta yammacin birnin, ta ba [[Alexandria|Iskandariya]] damar shiga Tsakiya ƙasar Masar kuma ta sanya Masar fuska da teku. Har ila yau, ya samar da Alexandria da ruwan Nilu a karo na farko a tarihi. Ya kamata a ambaci shi a nan duk da haka cewa an gina dukkan tashar ta amfani da tsarin da aka ƙi, wanda [[Muhammad Ali Pasha|Muhammad Ali]] da magajinsa suka yi amfani da shi sosai kuma a ƙarshe an soke shi a ƙarƙashin Khedive Ismail yayin tono [[Suez canal|Suez Canal]]. An tsara ma'aikata sama da mutane 300,000 daga kowane bangare na Masar don haƙa tashar Mahmoudiya, wanda ba shi da mahimmanci ga noma, kuma wanda aka tsara musamman don amfanin birnin Alexandria. ==== Kogin Delta ==== Tare da babban fadada aikin auduga na kasuwanci da noman sukari, an fara tasowa da kogin kogin kuma an ƙarfafa su don kare amfanin gona na rani daga ruwan ambaliyar ruwa. A cikin Kogin Nilu an zurfafa tsoffin magudanan ruwa kuma an gina ƙananan ruwa a fadin su don haɓaka matakin ruwa. Amma wannan babban aiki ne, kuma tun da yake an shimfiɗa magudanan ruwa sosai kuma an tsara su sun cika da laka a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa kuma ana buƙatar sake tono su. An shawarci [[Muhammad Ali Pasha]] da ya ɗaga saman ruwa ta hanyar gina maDatsar ruwa (ko, kamar yadda Faransanci suka kira shi, barga) a fadin saman Kogin Nilu, mil goma sha biyu (19 arewacin [[Kairo|Alkahira]]. [[Fayil:Nile_Barrage_(1906)_-_TIMEA.jpg|thumb|Kogin Nilu a cikin 1906, tare da gine-ginen da ya bambanta]] A cikin 1843 an kafa harsashin manyan barga biyu a fadin rassan [[Rosetta]] da Damietta na Kogin Nilu a inda suka raba arewacin [[Kairo|Alkahira]]. Injiniyan aikin shine injiniyan Faransa Mougel Bey, wanda manufarsa ita ce tsara dukkan tsarin ruwa na Nilu Delta. Duk da yake da farko ba su yi nasara ba, barga biyu za su ba da izinin juyawa sama da kadada 754,000 (3,050 ) na Delta na Nilu daga ban ruwa na yanayi zuwa ban [[Perennial irrigation|Ruwa na yau da kullun]]; karuwar wadatar ruwa ta tsawaita lokacin tsiro na rani, kuma ta kara yawan aikin gona. Amma wannan babban aikin ya kasance mai tsada sosai kuma ya shafi yanayin fasaha na injiniya. Gine-gine ya ɗauki kusan shekaru 20 kuma ya cinye dukiya mai yawa. Sashe na [[Rosetta]] yana da tsawon mita 465 tare da arches 61 dauke da sluices, kowannensu na mita biyar a fadin. Sashe na Damietta yana da tsawon mita 535 tare da arches 71 dauke da irin wannan girman sluices. An ba da ƙofofin kewayawa a kan rassan biyu, kuma an haɗa bargayen biyu ta hanyar hanya mai faɗin mita 8.6, tare da gadaje a kan ƙofofin. Shirya ganuwar da ke da hasumiyoyi da turrets sun kammala tsarin da ya fi dacewa. === A karkashin Abbas Hilmi I === [[Muhammad Ali Pasha]] ya mutu a 1848 ba tare da ganin an kammala madatsar ruwan Delta ba. Jikansa Abbas Hilmi I ne ya gaje shi, (1848-1854) wanda sanannen raini ga kakansa ya sa ya dakatar ko ya bar mafi yawan manyan ayyukan [[Muhammad Ali Pasha]], gami da Delta Barrages. [[Abbas I na Masar|Abbas Pasha]] ba shi da bangaskiya ga aikin kuma yana so ya bar gina madatsar ruwa. Ya sallami Mougel Bey a watan Afrilu, 1853, kuma ya sanya [[Mazhar Bey]] a matsayin mai kula da aikin. Da yake jin rashin sha'awar maigidansa ga aikin, Mazhar Bey, injiniyan Turkiyya, bai yi yawa ba don kammala aikin da za a kammala daga baya a lokacin Wali na gaba na Masar daga Daular Muhammad Ali, Sa'id Pasha. == Manazarta == me1posr3w1k31xpnvz38061lgsx5ox0 0 153339 843140 2026-05-30T06:46:22Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1258864709|Ferrey River]]" 843140 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ferrey''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin duwatsun Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa arewa don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a cikin [[Kogin Wari|Weri'i]] wanda hakan ke gudana cikin Kogin Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin dutse ne mai iyaka, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 141 a kowace kilomita. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka an rage shi saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin: an kafa ɓangarori; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, raguwar ambaliyar da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Aikin noma da ake ban ruwa == A gefen kwarin akwai maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da yawa waɗanda suka ba da damar kafa tsarin ban ruwa na da. Irin wannan noma na ban ruwa yana da mahimmanci wajen biyan buƙatun tsaron abinci da rage talauci. Ƙasashen ban ruwa suna ba da damar shuka ' ya'yan itatuwa na wurare masu zafi kamar su [[ayaba]], lemun tsami da <nowiki><i id="mwYw">trunghi</i></nowiki> na gida. == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka suka mamaye amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa ƙananan sassan kwarin kuma da dare a cikin ƙananan koguna. Ƙananan kwarin yana da kyau sosai a matsayin yankin da ake nufi da shi, saboda akwai ruwa da kuma ci gaba mai kyau na tsire-tsire na halitta.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone * Sandstone mai tsananin gaske == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl}}</ref> * Hanyar '''4''', a fadin kwarin tare da lambunan wurare masu zafi A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. == Manazarta == hlzkxgfi7s4vweuukxdy6wmvptxq2wh 843142 843140 2026-05-30T06:46:41Z Pharouqenr 25549 843142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ferrey''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin duwatsun Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa arewa don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a cikin [[Kogin Wari|Weri'i]] wanda hakan ke gudana cikin Kogin Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin dutse ne mai iyaka, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 141 a kowace kilomita. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka an rage shi saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin: an kafa ɓangarori; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, raguwar ambaliyar da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Aikin noma da ake ban ruwa == A gefen kwarin akwai maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da yawa waɗanda suka ba da damar kafa tsarin ban ruwa na da. Irin wannan noma na ban ruwa yana da mahimmanci wajen biyan buƙatun tsaron abinci da rage talauci. Ƙasashen ban ruwa suna ba da damar shuka ' ya'yan itatuwa na wurare masu zafi kamar su [[ayaba]], lemun tsami da <nowiki><i id="mwYw">trunghi</i></nowiki> na gida. == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka suka mamaye amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa ƙananan sassan kwarin kuma da dare a cikin ƙananan koguna. Ƙananan kwarin yana da kyau sosai a matsayin yankin da ake nufi da shi, saboda akwai ruwa da kuma ci gaba mai kyau na tsire-tsire na halitta.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone * Sandstone mai tsananin gaske == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl}}</ref> * Hanyar '''4''', a fadin kwarin tare da lambunan wurare masu zafi A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. == Manazarta == ireokdu7ddvcfq9pytb8f893wfup14n 0 153340 843143 2026-05-30T06:47:01Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327452295|Hurura]]" 843143 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hurura''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa kudu maso yamma zuwa komai a cikin Giba kuma a ƙarshe a cikin Kogin Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne mai ƙuntataccen lokaci, wanda ke ke [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin ƙanƙanin fili, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 33 a kowace kilomita. Tare da masu goyon bayanta, Hurura ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Ruwan sama galibi yana faruwa ne ta hanyar kwararar ruwa mai yawa wanda ke faruwa cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]] ). Waɗannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin ƙasa mai tsayi, galibi ƙarancin rufin ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Kololuwar irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa tana da yawan kwararar ruwa sau 50 zuwa 100 fiye da kwararar ruwa ta baya. Duk da haka, an rage girman ambaliyar ruwa a wannan kogin saboda tsoma baki a cikin magudanar ruwa. A Afedena, Sesemat, Tukhul da sauran tsaunuka masu tsayi, an kafa wuraren rufewa ; ciyayi mai yawa galibi yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka kutsewa, ƙarancin ambaliya da ingantaccen kwararar ruwa ta tushe . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na zahiri kamar tarin duwatsu <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da madatsun ruwa masu duba suma suna hana kwararar ruwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == [[Fayil:Hurura_River.jpg|thumb|Antalo Limestone yana fitowa a cikin kogin Hurura]] Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Mekelle Dolerite * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX. Trek '''14''' ya haye kogi kusa da ƙauyen Sesemat. A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == p162q3qyagaurtk9qfi00rn9j01sl2h 843144 843143 2026-05-30T06:47:25Z Pharouqenr 25549 843144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hurura''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa kudu maso yamma zuwa komai a cikin Giba kuma a ƙarshe a cikin Kogin Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne mai ƙuntataccen lokaci, wanda ke ke [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin ƙanƙanin fili, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 33 a kowace kilomita. Tare da masu goyon bayanta, Hurura ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Ruwan sama galibi yana faruwa ne ta hanyar kwararar ruwa mai yawa wanda ke faruwa cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]] ). Waɗannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin ƙasa mai tsayi, galibi ƙarancin rufin ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Kololuwar irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa tana da yawan kwararar ruwa sau 50 zuwa 100 fiye da kwararar ruwa ta baya. Duk da haka, an rage girman ambaliyar ruwa a wannan kogin saboda tsoma baki a cikin magudanar ruwa. A Afedena, Sesemat, Tukhul da sauran tsaunuka masu tsayi, an kafa wuraren rufewa ; ciyayi mai yawa galibi yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka kutsewa, ƙarancin ambaliya da ingantaccen kwararar ruwa ta tushe . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na zahiri kamar tarin duwatsu <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da madatsun ruwa masu duba suma suna hana kwararar ruwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == [[Fayil:Hurura_River.jpg|thumb|Antalo Limestone yana fitowa a cikin kogin Hurura]] Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Mekelle Dolerite * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX. Trek '''14''' ya haye kogi kusa da ƙauyen Sesemat. A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == j5uyexvvzsaxqblru3doyc0tffjksyg 0 153341 843146 2026-05-30T06:47:46Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | suna = TikiTaka Football Development | cikakken_suna = TikiTaka Football Development Group | kasa = Najeriya | nau'i = Cibiyar bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa | hedikwata = Najeriya da Sweden | fanni = Horar da 'yan wasa, masu horaswa da bunƙasa kulob }} '''TikiTaka Football Development''' wata ƙungiya ce mai mai da hankali kan bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa ta hanyar horar da matasa 'yan wasa, masu horaswa (coaches) da kuma kulob-kulob na ƙwallon ƙafa. Ƙungiyar... 843146 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | suna = TikiTaka Football Development | cikakken_suna = TikiTaka Football Development Group | kasa = Najeriya | nau'i = Cibiyar bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa | hedikwata = Najeriya da Sweden | fanni = Horar da 'yan wasa, masu horaswa da bunƙasa kulob }} '''TikiTaka Football Development''' wata ƙungiya ce mai mai da hankali kan bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa ta hanyar horar da matasa 'yan wasa, masu horaswa (coaches) da kuma kulob-kulob na ƙwallon ƙafa. Ƙungiyar tana aiki ne tare da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Najeriya da Sweden, inda take samar da hanyoyin bunƙasa fasaha, dabaru da tunanin wasa ga matasa domin samun damar taka leda a matakan ƙwararru a Turai da sauran sassan duniya.<ref>{{cite news |title=How Sweden-based TikiTaka helps develop Nigerian players and clubs towards a football career at the top |url=https://dailysportsng.com/news/10747-How-Sweden-based-TikiTaka-helps-develop-Nigerian-players-and-clubs-towards-a-football-career-at-the-top |work=Daily Sports Nigeria |date=30 May 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == TikiTaka Football Development ta fara samun karɓuwa a Najeriya ne ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa da kungiyoyin matasa da dama domin bunƙasa hazikan 'yan wasa. Ƙungiyar ta mayar da hankali wajen inganta ilimin fasaha (technical development), dabarun wasa (tactical development) da kuma shirya matasa domin rayuwar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru. A cewar rahotanni, ƙungiyar ta taimaka wa wasu matasa 'yan Najeriya wajen samun damar gwaji da kwangila a kulob-kulob na Sweden.<ref>{{cite news |title=How Sweden-based TikiTaka helps develop Nigerian players and clubs towards a football career at the top |url=https://dailysportsng.com/news/10747-How-Sweden-based-TikiTaka-helps-develop-Nigerian-players-and-clubs-towards-a-football-career-at-the-top |work=Daily Sports Nigeria |date=30 May 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Ayyuka da Manufofi == Babban manufar TikiTaka Football Development ita ce samar da tsarin bunƙasa matasa ta hanyar haɗa horon fasaha, dabarun wasa da ilimin shugabanci ga 'yan wasa da masu horaswa. Ƙungiyar tana kuma taimakawa kulob-kulob wajen inganta tsarin gudanarwa da hanyoyin gano hazaka a matakin tushe (grassroots football).<ref>{{cite news |title=How Sweden-based TikiTaka helps develop Nigerian players and clubs towards a football career at the top |url=https://dailysportsng.com/news/10747-How-Sweden-based-TikiTaka-helps-develop-Nigerian-players-and-clubs-towards-a-football-career-at-the-top |work=Daily Sports Nigeria |date=30 May 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == TikiTaka Academy Nigeria == A shekarar 2021, an sanar da kafa '''TikiTaka Academy Nigeria Ltd''', wani kamfani da aka yi wa rijista a hukumance a Najeriya domin gudanar da shirye-shiryen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa. Kamfanin ya bayyana cewa zai ƙaddamar da sabbin shirye-shirye na horar da 'yan wasa da masu horaswa tare da haɗin gwiwar reshensu na Sweden. Haka kuma kamfanin ya bayyana cewa ya taimaka wajen tallafa wa tawagar TikiTaka Nigeria da ta halarci gasar matasa ta Gothia Youth Cup a Sweden.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tiki Taka Academy Reels Out New Programs For 2021 |url=https://www.sports247.ng/tiki-taka-academy-reels-out-new-programs-for-2021/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=24 July 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Haɗin Gwiwa da Kulob-kulob == TikiTaka Football Development ta yi aiki tare da wasu kungiyoyin matasa a Najeriya domin bai wa 'yan wasa damar samun horo a ƙasashen Turai. Daga cikin waɗanda suka amfana akwai matasan da suka samu damar yin atisaye tare da kulob ɗin Sweden na BK Häcken. Hakan ya kasance wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin TikiTaka Football Development da cibiyoyin bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tripple 44’s Emmanuel Adeyemo and Abioye Michael train with BK Hacken |url=https://www.goal.com/en-om/news/tripple-44s-emmanuel-adeyemo-and-abioye-michael-train-with-bk-hacken/n1r12gpctrmp1r578n5d1p5eb |work=Goal.com |date=3 June 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tasiri == Ayyukan TikiTaka Football Development sun kasance wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa daga tushe a Najeriya. Ta hanyar haɗa ilimin zamani na horarwa daga Turai da kuma dimbin hazakar da ke Najeriya, ƙungiyar ta taimaka wajen buɗe ƙofofi ga matasa masu sha'awar zama ƙwararrun 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa.<ref>{{cite news |title=How Sweden-based TikiTaka helps develop Nigerian players and clubs towards a football career at the top |url=https://dailysportsng.com/news/10747-How-Sweden-based-TikiTaka-helps-develop-Nigerian-players-and-clubs-towards-a-football-career-at-the-top |work=Daily Sports Nigeria |date=30 May 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kungiyoyin bunkasa kwallon kafa a Najeriya]] [[Category:Kungiyoyin wasanni na Najeriya]] [[Category:Football academies in Nigeria]] 5kiu84phbx3qd5v85wstd8xpldvixn7 0 153342 843147 2026-05-30T06:47:49Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1271222918|Inda Anbesa]]" 843147 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Inda Anbesa''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa gabas don komai kai tsaye a cikin Giba kuma a cikin Kogin Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Inda Anbesa wani kogi ne na ɗan lokaci, wanda ke ke kewaye da shi a cikin ƙanƙanin raƙuman ruwa, tare da matsakaicin gangaren mita 52 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi, duk da haka, an rage shi saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A [[Exclosure|exclosures]])" id="mwOw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Togogwa (exclosure)">Togogwa da sauran gangaren da ke kan tsaunuka, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka suka mamaye amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa ga kwarin kuma da dare a cikin ƙananan koguna. Gorges suna da kyau sosai a matsayin yankin da ake nufi da su, saboda akwai ruwa da kuma ci gaba mai kyau na tsire-tsire na halitta.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX. Trek '''22''' ya bi gefen dama na kogi a kan cikakken tsawon. A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. A wasu lokuta yana iya zama ba zai yiwu a haye ƙananan ɓangaren kogi a lokacin ruwan sama ba. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == rjra76lro8la952jonsq5fvw31gy0uh 843148 843147 2026-05-30T06:48:22Z Pharouqenr 25549 843148 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Inda Anbesa''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa gabas don komai kai tsaye a cikin Giba kuma a cikin Kogin Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Inda Anbesa wani kogi ne na ɗan lokaci, wanda ke ke kewaye da shi a cikin ƙanƙanin raƙuman ruwa, tare da matsakaicin gangaren mita 52 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi, duk da haka, an rage shi saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A [[Exclosure|exclosures]])" id="mwOw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Togogwa (exclosure)">Togogwa da sauran gangaren da ke kan tsaunuka, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka suka mamaye amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa ga kwarin kuma da dare a cikin ƙananan koguna. Gorges suna da kyau sosai a matsayin yankin da ake nufi da su, saboda akwai ruwa da kuma ci gaba mai kyau na tsire-tsire na halitta.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX. Trek '''22''' ya bi gefen dama na kogi a kan cikakken tsawon. A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. A wasu lokuta yana iya zama ba zai yiwu a haye ƙananan ɓangaren kogi a lokacin ruwan sama ba. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == 761vpoty2vz02bks8tnyvrb9ne3wgnj 0 153343 843149 2026-05-30T06:48:47Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355272198|Jur River]]" 843149 wikitext text/x-wiki ''''''[[Kogi|kogin]]''' Jur''' (River Luo) wani kogi ne a yammacin [[Sudan ta Kudu]], yana gudana ta cikin yankunan [[Bahr el Ghazal (Yankin Sudan ta Kudu)|Bahr el Ghazal]] da Equatorial . Kimanin kilomita 485 (301 tsawo, yana gudana a arewa da arewa maso gabas, yana shiga [[Bahr el Ghazal River|Kogin Bahr el Ghazal]] a gefen yammacin wuraren [[Sudd]]. Kogin Jur (River Luo) wani bangare ne na kwarin Nilu, yayin da Bahr al-Ghazal ke gudana cikin [[White Nile]] . Kogin Luo rafi ne na yanayi. Ruwansa zai iya kaiwa {{Convert|14300|cuft/s}} a watan Satumba. Ana kuma kiran saman Kogin Luo da Sue . <ref name="EB1911">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Bahr-el-Ghazal}}</ref> == Hanyar da ake ciki == [[Fayil:Under_an_African_Sky_-_panoramio.jpg|left|thumb|Yankunan ruwa na Kogin Jur a Yammacin Bahr el Ghazal]] Kogin Jur yana gudana daga [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]-Nile, wanda ke raba [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] da Kogin Kongo, tare da iyakar Sudan ta Kudu da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] da [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]]. Babban kogin shine Kogin Sue (wanda ake kira Jur), Kogin Busseri, Kogin [[Wau, Sudan ta Kudu|Wau]], da Kogin Numatinna. Magana da ma'anar waɗannan sunayen koguna sun bambanta tsakanin tushe. Masu goyon baya sun taru a kusa da Wau, babban birnin jihar Bahr el Ghazal ta Yamma. A ƙasa da Wau Kogin Jur ya karkata zuwa gabas, yana shiga yankin Sudd mai santsi. Saboda yanayin wuraren da ke da ruwa ba koyaushe yake bayyane ko wani kogi yana gudana cikin wani ko kawai ya haɗu a cikin maras kyau na Sudd. Wasu kafofin sun ambaci [[Lol River|Kogin Lol]] a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa ga Jur yayin da wasu ba su yi ba. Wasu kafofin sun ce Jur ya shiga Bahr al-Arab kuma haɗuwa ta nuna farkon Bahr el Ghazal, amma wasu kafofin na baya-bayan nan sun ce Jur ta shiga Bahr el Gazal a Tafkin Ambadi kuma Bahr al'Arab ya shiga Bahra el Ghazal wani nesa daga Tekun Ambadi. A cewar marubucin Mamdouh Shahin, Lol, Jur, Tonj, Bahr al-Arab, da sauran koguna, duk suna da alaƙa da Bahr el Ghazal, amma tashoshin su sun ɓace a cikin filayen ruwa kafin su kai kowane hanyar fita. == Tarihi == Daga cikin kabilun da ke zaune a cikin kwandon Jur akwai Dinka, da Luo waɗanda ke kiran kansu [[Jurchol|Jo-luo]]. "Jur" kalma ce ta Dinka don "baƙo" ko "ba-Dinka ba". John Petherick ne ya binciki Kogin Jur tsakanin 1853 da 1865. A cikin 1897-98 an bincika Kogin Jur a hankali a duk lokacin da yake tafiya ta hanyar Lieutenant A.H. Dyé da sauran mambobin aikin Faransa a karkashin Jean-Baptiste Marchand a lokacin Scramble for Africa . == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Sudan ta Kudu == Manazarta == ad3vwa12kjbyetvc893rtfq4bz00y2o 843150 843149 2026-05-30T06:49:07Z Pharouqenr 25549 843150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} ''''''[[Kogi|kogin]]''' Jur''' (River Luo) wani kogi ne a yammacin [[Sudan ta Kudu]], yana gudana ta cikin yankunan [[Bahr el Ghazal (Yankin Sudan ta Kudu)|Bahr el Ghazal]] da Equatorial . Kimanin kilomita 485 (301 tsawo, yana gudana a arewa da arewa maso gabas, yana shiga [[Bahr el Ghazal River|Kogin Bahr el Ghazal]] a gefen yammacin wuraren [[Sudd]]. Kogin Jur (River Luo) wani bangare ne na kwarin Nilu, yayin da Bahr al-Ghazal ke gudana cikin [[White Nile]] . Kogin Luo rafi ne na yanayi. Ruwansa zai iya kaiwa {{Convert|14300|cuft/s}} a watan Satumba. Ana kuma kiran saman Kogin Luo da Sue . <ref name="EB1911">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Bahr-el-Ghazal}}</ref> == Hanyar da ake ciki == [[Fayil:Under_an_African_Sky_-_panoramio.jpg|left|thumb|Yankunan ruwa na Kogin Jur a Yammacin Bahr el Ghazal]] Kogin Jur yana gudana daga [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]-Nile, wanda ke raba [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] da Kogin Kongo, tare da iyakar Sudan ta Kudu da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] da [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]]. Babban kogin shine Kogin Sue (wanda ake kira Jur), Kogin Busseri, Kogin [[Wau, Sudan ta Kudu|Wau]], da Kogin Numatinna. Magana da ma'anar waɗannan sunayen koguna sun bambanta tsakanin tushe. Masu goyon baya sun taru a kusa da Wau, babban birnin jihar Bahr el Ghazal ta Yamma. A ƙasa da Wau Kogin Jur ya karkata zuwa gabas, yana shiga yankin Sudd mai santsi. Saboda yanayin wuraren da ke da ruwa ba koyaushe yake bayyane ko wani kogi yana gudana cikin wani ko kawai ya haɗu a cikin maras kyau na Sudd. Wasu kafofin sun ambaci [[Lol River|Kogin Lol]] a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa ga Jur yayin da wasu ba su yi ba. Wasu kafofin sun ce Jur ya shiga Bahr al-Arab kuma haɗuwa ta nuna farkon Bahr el Ghazal, amma wasu kafofin na baya-bayan nan sun ce Jur ta shiga Bahr el Gazal a Tafkin Ambadi kuma Bahr al'Arab ya shiga Bahra el Ghazal wani nesa daga Tekun Ambadi. A cewar marubucin Mamdouh Shahin, Lol, Jur, Tonj, Bahr al-Arab, da sauran koguna, duk suna da alaƙa da Bahr el Ghazal, amma tashoshin su sun ɓace a cikin filayen ruwa kafin su kai kowane hanyar fita. == Tarihi == Daga cikin kabilun da ke zaune a cikin kwandon Jur akwai Dinka, da Luo waɗanda ke kiran kansu [[Jurchol|Jo-luo]]. "Jur" kalma ce ta Dinka don "baƙo" ko "ba-Dinka ba". John Petherick ne ya binciki Kogin Jur tsakanin 1853 da 1865. A cikin 1897-98 an bincika Kogin Jur a hankali a duk lokacin da yake tafiya ta hanyar Lieutenant A.H. Dyé da sauran mambobin aikin Faransa a karkashin Jean-Baptiste Marchand a lokacin Scramble for Africa . == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Sudan ta Kudu == Manazarta == dqtra5ae3siuhk1m4fkdey7e9fnd4p3 0 153344 843151 2026-05-30T06:49:20Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Joseph Oyeyani Makoju | image = | birth_date = {{birth date|1948|7|13}} | birth_place = Okene, Jihar Kogi, Najeriya | death_date = {{death date and age|2022|4|11|1948|7|13}} | death_place = Abuja, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Injiniya, farfesa, mai gudanarwa | alma_mater = Jami'ar Nottingham | known_for = Gyaran harkokin wutar lantarki a Najeriya, shugabancin NEPA/PHCN da Dangote Cement | awards = OFR, OON }} '''Joseph Oyeyani... 843151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Joseph Oyeyani Makoju | image = | birth_date = {{birth date|1948|7|13}} | birth_place = Okene, Jihar Kogi, Najeriya | death_date = {{death date and age|2022|4|11|1948|7|13}} | death_place = Abuja, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Injiniya, farfesa, mai gudanarwa | alma_mater = Jami'ar Nottingham | known_for = Gyaran harkokin wutar lantarki a Najeriya, shugabancin NEPA/PHCN da Dangote Cement | awards = OFR, OON }} '''Joseph Oyeyani Makoju''' (13 Yuli 1948 – 11 Afrilu 2022) fitaccen injiniya ne kuma masani a fannin injiniyan na'ura daga Najeriya. Ya yi fice wajen gudanar da manyan cibiyoyin masana'antu da makamashi a ƙasar, musamman a matsayin Manajan Darakta kuma Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na tsohuwar Hukumar Wutar Lantarki ta Ƙasa (NEPA/PHCN), da kuma Kamfanin Dangote Cement Plc. Haka kuma ya kasance mai ba shugaban ƙasa shawara kan harkokin wutar lantarki a gwamnatocin Najeriya daban-daban.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ex-PHCN MD, Makoju dies at 73 |url=https://punchng.com/ex-phcn-md-makoju-dies-at-73/ |work=Punch Newspapers |date=12 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Joseph Makoju, former MD of Dangote Cement is dead |url=https://nairametrics.com/2022/04/11/just-in-makoju-former-md-dangote-cement-is-dead/ |work=Nairametrics |date=11 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Makoju a ranar 13 ga Yuli, 1948 a garin Okene da ke Jihar Kogi, Najeriya. Ya yi karatu a Government College Kaduna da kuma Federal Government College Warri, inda ya samu lambobin yabo a fannin rubuce-rubuce da karatu. Daga bisani ya tafi Birtaniya inda ya yi karatun Injiniyan Na'ura a Jami'ar Nottingham, ya kammala da digirin farko mai daraja ta farko (First Class Honours) a shekarar 1972. Ya kuma samu digirin M.Phil a fannin Injiniyan Na'ura daga wannan jami'a a shekarar 1974.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ex-PHCN MD, Makoju dies at 73 |url=https://punchng.com/ex-phcn-md-makoju-dies-at-73/ |work=Punch Newspapers |date=12 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Former MD Of Dangote Group Joseph Makoju Is Dead |url=https://gatekeepersnews.com/2022/04/11/former-md-of-dangote-group-joseph-makoju-is-dead/ |work=Gatekeepers News |date=11 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Daga baya ya halarci National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies (NIPSS), Kuru, Jos tsakanin shekarun 1989 da 1990. Har ila yau ya samu digirin girmamawa na Doctor of Science (Honoris Causa) daga Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Joseph Makoju, former MD of Dangote Cement is dead |url=https://nairametrics.com/2022/04/11/just-in-makoju-former-md-dangote-cement-is-dead/ |work=Nairametrics |date=11 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Aikin sana'a == Makoju ya fara aiki a wasu manyan kamfanonin masana'antu da suka haɗa da Shell-BP da Blue Circle Industries a Birtaniya. Daga baya ya koma Najeriya inda ya zama Manajan Darakta na West African Portland Cement Company (WAPCO), wanda a lokacin yake ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin siminti a ƙasar.<ref>{{Cite news |title=BREAKING: Former Presidential Adviser, Ex-MD Dangote Cement Joseph Makoju Is Dead |url=https://thewillnews.com/2022/04/11/breaking-former-presidential-adviser-ex-md-dangote-cement-joseph-makoju-is-dead/ |work=THEWILL |date=11 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> === NEPA da PHCN === A farkon shekarun 2000, gwamnatin Najeriya ta naɗa shi a matsayin Manajan Darakta kuma Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na National Electric Power Authority (NEPA), wadda daga baya ta zama Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN). A lokacin mulkinsa ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shirya gyare-gyaren da suka haifar da sake fasalin bangaren wutar lantarki a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Nigeria Loses Finest Energy Brain |url=https://energynewsafrica.com/nigeria-loses-finest-energy-brain/ |work=Energy News Africa |date=13 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Obaseki Mourns former Dangote Cement MD, Makoju |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2022/04/13/obaseki-mourns-former-dangote-cement-md-makoju/ |work=ThisDay |date=13 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> === Aiki a gwamnatin tarayya === Bayan ya bar PHCN, an naɗa shi mai ba shugaban ƙasa shawara kan harkokin wutar lantarki. Ya yi aiki tare da shugabannin Najeriya da suka haɗa da Olusegun Obasanjo da Goodluck Jonathan. An san shi da bayar da gudummawa wajen tsara manufofin makamashi da samar da wutar lantarki.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Former MD Of Dangote Cement, Joseph Makoju Dies At 73 |url=https://www.tori.ng/news/198830/former-md-of-dangote-cement-joseph-makoju-dies-at.html |work=Tori News |date=12 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Joseph Makoju, former MD of Dangote Cement is dead |url=https://nairametrics.com/2022/04/11/just-in-makoju-former-md-dangote-cement-is-dead/ |work=Nairametrics |date=11 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> === Dangote Cement === Makoju ya yi aiki a Kamfanin Dangote Group a matsayin mai ba shugaban kamfanin shawara kafin daga bisani ya zama Babban Manajan Darakta (Group Managing Director/CEO) na Dangote Cement Plc daga shekarar 2018 zuwa 2020. A lokacin shugabancinsa ya taimaka wajen faɗaɗa ayyukan kamfanin a Najeriya da sauran ƙasashen Afirka.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Former Dangote Cement’s GMD Makoju dies at 73 |url=https://moneycentral.com.ng/markets/article/former-dangote-cements-gmd-makoju-dies-at-73/ |work=MoneyCentral |date=12 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Former MD Of Dangote Group Joseph Makoju Is Dead |url=https://gatekeepersnews.com/2022/04/11/former-md-of-dangote-group-joseph-makoju-is-dead/ |work=Gatekeepers News |date=11 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyi da mukamai == Makoju ya kasance memba kuma ɗan'uwa (Fellow) na ƙungiyoyi da dama na ƙwararrun injiniyoyi da masu gudanarwa, ciki har da: * Nigerian Society of Engineers (FNSE) * Nigerian Institute of Management (FNIM) * Nigerian Academy of Engineering * British Institute of Mechanical Engineers Haka kuma ya kasance shugaban Cement Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (CMAN) da kuma shugaban farko na West African Power Pool Board.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ex-PHCN MD, Makoju dies at 73 |url=https://punchng.com/ex-phcn-md-makoju-dies-at-73/ |work=Punch Newspapers |date=12 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=BREAKING: Former Presidential Adviser, Ex-MD q3jl600o0g585g9fb2laxcvj23r18ug 0 153345 843152 2026-05-30T06:49:48Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | suna = Nathaniel Idowu Foundation | cikakken_suna = Nathaniel Idowu Foundation Football Development Programme | kafa = 2010 | ƙasa = {{flagicon|Nigeria}} Najeriya | hedikwata = Ajegunle, Lagos, Najeriya | fili = Maracana Stadium, Ajegunle | mai_kafa = Yemi Idowu | nau'i = Ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa na matasa da wasannin al'umma }} '''Nathaniel Idowu Foundation''' wata gidauniya ce ta Najeriya da ke tallafawa ci gaban matasa ta hanyar wasanni, ilimi da ay... 843152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | suna = Nathaniel Idowu Foundation | cikakken_suna = Nathaniel Idowu Foundation Football Development Programme | kafa = 2010 | ƙasa = {{flagicon|Nigeria}} Najeriya | hedikwata = Ajegunle, Lagos, Najeriya | fili = Maracana Stadium, Ajegunle | mai_kafa = Yemi Idowu | nau'i = Ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa na matasa da wasannin al'umma }} '''Nathaniel Idowu Foundation''' wata gidauniya ce ta Najeriya da ke tallafawa ci gaban matasa ta hanyar wasanni, ilimi da ayyukan jin ƙai. Gidauniyar, wadda ɗan kasuwa kuma mai taimakon jama'a '''Yemi Idowu''' ya kafa, ta yi fice wajen bunƙasa wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin tushe musamman a yankin Ajegunle na jihar Lagos. Ta hanyar gina filayen wasa, shirya gasar matasa da kuma horas da 'yan wasa masu tasowa, gidauniyar ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu tallafawa ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin al'umma a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Group lauds Nathaniel Idowu Foundation’s contribution to football, youth development |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/group-lauds-nathaniel-idowu-foundations-contribution-to-football-youth-development/ |work=The Nation |date=27 Satumba 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Group Lauds Nathaniel Idowu Foundation |url=https://newtelegraphng.com/group-lauds-nathaniel-idowu-foundation/ |work=New Telegraph |date=27 Satumba 2025}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Nathaniel Idowu Foundation domin tunawa da Nathaniel O. Idowu tare da manufar tallafawa matasa a fannoni daban-daban. Tun bayan ƙaddamar da ita, gidauniyar ta mayar da hankali sosai wajen amfani da wasanni, musamman ƙwallon ƙafa, a matsayin hanyar bai wa matasa damar haɓaka basira da samun kyakkyawar makoma. A cewar rahotanni, ayyukan gidauniyar sun shafi dubban matasa a yankin Ajegunle da kewaye.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Group Lauds Nathaniel Idowu Foundation |url=https://newtelegraphng.com/group-lauds-nathaniel-idowu-foundation/ |work=New Telegraph |date=27 Satumba 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Group lauds Nathaniel Idowu Foundation’s contribution to football, youth development |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/group-lauds-nathaniel-idowu-foundations-contribution-to-football-youth-development/ |work=The Nation |date=27 Satumba 2025}}</ref> == Ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa == Gidauniyar ta samu karɓuwa sosai saboda rawar da ta taka wajen samar da kayayyakin more rayuwa na wasanni a Ajegunle. Ta gina filayen ƙwallon ƙafa guda 19, waɗanda suka haɗa da filayen wasa na mutum biyar-biyar, mutum bakwai-bakwai da kuma babban fili mai cikakken ma'auni a harabar sanannen Maracana Stadium da ke yankin Tolu na Ajegunle. Wannan aiki ya taimaka wajen samar da wuraren da matasa za su riƙa atisaye da gudanar da gasa.<ref>{{Cite news |title=NFF hails Idowu as youngsters ignite Maracana Stadium |url=https://thesun.ng/nff-hails-idowu-as-youngsters-ignite-maracana-stadium/ |work=The Sun Nigeria |date=9 Mayu 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=NFF eulogises Idowu Foundation as South West kids open new Maracana Stadium |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/nff-eulogises-idowu-foundation-as-south-west-kids-open-new-maracana-stadium/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=9 Mayu 2022}}</ref> A shekarar 2022, gidauniyar ta kammala gyaran da kuma sabunta tsohon Maracana Stadium na Ajegunle zuwa cibiyar wasanni ta zamani. Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya (NFF) ta yaba wa wannan aiki, tana mai cewa zai taimaka wajen gano sabbin hazikan 'yan wasa daga yankin Lagos da ma Najeriya baki ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite news |title=NFF eulogises Idowu Foundation as South West kids open new Maracana Stadium |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/nff-eulogises-idowu-foundation-as-south-west-kids-open-new-maracana-stadium/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=9 Mayu 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=NFF Hails Idowu – As youngsters ignite Maracana Stadium |url=https://sportsdayonline.com/nff-hails-idowu-as-youngsters-ignite-maracana-stadium/ |work=SportsDay Newspaper |date=8 Mayu 2022}}</ref> == Gasar Ajegunle U-14 == A shekarar 2026, gidauniyar ta ƙaddamar da gasar '''Nathaniel Idowu-Ajegunle U-14 Football League''' domin ba wa matasa 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 14 damar nuna bajintarsu. Gasar ta haɗa makarantu da makarantu masu koyar da ƙwallon ƙafa daga yankin Ajegunle, tare da haɗin gwiwar Ajeromi-Ifelodun Sports Council. Manufar gasar ita ce gano sababbin hazikan 'yan wasa da kuma ƙarfafa ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin tushe.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Nathaniel Idowu Foundation Ajegunle Under 14 Football League begins |url=https://www.sportsunlimited.ng/post/nathaniel-idowu-foundation-ajegunle-under-14-football-league-begins |work=Sports Unlimited |date=24 Janairu 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=ANFASSC Endorses Nathaniel Idowu U14 Football League, Donates Jerseys |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2026/02/14/anfassc-endorses-nathaniel-idowu-u14-football-league-donates-jerseys/ |work=THISDAY |date=14 Fabrairu 2026}}</ref> A wasan ƙarshe na gasar farko da aka gudanar a watan Afrilu 2026, Fortune Football Academy ta lashe kofin bayan doke Strong Dove Academy a bugun fenariti. An yaba wa gidauniyar saboda samar da tsari mai kyau da ya bai wa matasa damar nuna ƙwarewarsu a gaban masu ruwa da tsaki a harkar ƙwallon ƙafa.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Fortune FA beat Strong Dove to emerge inaugural champions |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/fortune-fa-beat-strong-dove-to-emerge-inaugural-champions/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=20 Afrilu 2026}}</ref> == Shirin "Let Her Play" == Baya ga tallafawa ƙwallon ƙafa na maza, gidauniyar ta kuma ƙaddamar da shirin '''Let Her Play''' domin ƙarfafa 'yan mata shiga harkokin wasanni. Shirin ya haɗa da horaswa, koyar da dabarun ƙwallon ƙafa da kuma ba da damar ci gaba ga 'yan mata masu sha'awar wasan. An ƙaddamar da shirin ne a Maracana Stadium tare da haɗin gwiwar Ajeromi-Ifelodun Sports Council.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Idowu Foundation holds ‘Let her play’ championship in Ajegunle |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/idowu-foundation-holds-let-her-play-championship-in-ajegunle/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=9 Fabrairu 2026}}</ref> == Tasiri == Rahotanni daga ƙungiyoyin wasanni da kafafen yaɗa labarai sun nuna cewa ayyukan Nathaniel Idowu Foundation sun shafi sama da matasa 4,000 a yankin Ajegunle. Haka kuma gidauniyar na shirya tarukan ƙwallon ƙafa da ke haɗa fitattun 'yan wasan Najeriya kamar Victor Osimhen, Wilfred Ndidi da Frank Onyeka domin ƙarfafa gwiwar matasa da zaburar da su wajen neman nasara ta hanyar wasanni.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Group lauds Nathaniel Idowu Foundation’s contribution to football, youth development |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/group-lauds-nathaniel-idowu-foundations-contribution-to-football-youth-development/ |work=The Nation |date=27 Satumba 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Group Lauds Nathaniel Idowu Foundation |url=https://newtelegraphng.com/group-lauds-nathaniel-idowu-foundation/ |work=New Telegraph |date=27 Satumba 2025}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na Najeriya]] [[Category:Wasanni a Lagos]] [[Category:Kungiyoyin wasanni da aka kafa a 2010]] [[Category:Gidauniyoyi a Najeriya]] sj6628g6qcchle0jqhppgukkq8010zt 0 153346 843154 2026-05-30T06:49:52Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1258865961|Kidane Mihret River]]" 843154 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kidane Mihret''' wani kogi ne na k[[Kogin Wari|Wari]] Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa arewa don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a cikin Kogin Wari da Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin dutse ne mai iyaka, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 102 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a wani matakin ya sami cikas ta wurin kasancewar babban gandun daji na Awhi Dur a cikin tafkinsa. Har ila yau, an kafa ɓangarori; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa sosai ga ingantaccen shiga, ƙarancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka suka mamaye amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa kwarin da ke ƙasa da dare a cikin ƙananan koguna. Ƙashin kwarin yana da kyau sosai a matsayin yankin da ake nufi da shi, saboda akwai ruwa da kuma ci gaba mai kyau na tsire-tsire na halitta.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone * Sandstone mai tsananin gaske == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl |website=OpenStreetMap}}</ref> * Hanya '''3''', tare da Tsaliet, kusa da tashar Kidane Mihret * Hanyar '''4''', a fadin saman ruwa a ƙauyen Waseiya A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. A wasu lokuta yana iya zama ba zai yiwu a haye kogi a lokacin ruwan sama ba. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == 4tmeq16sa8qi0pyff6kc73bqwsybemv 843155 843154 2026-05-30T06:50:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 843155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kidane Mihret''' wani kogi ne na k[[Kogin Wari|Wari]] Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa arewa don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a cikin Kogin Wari da Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin dutse ne mai iyaka, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 102 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a wani matakin ya sami cikas ta wurin kasancewar babban gandun daji na Awhi Dur a cikin tafkinsa. Har ila yau, an kafa ɓangarori; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa sosai ga ingantaccen shiga, ƙarancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka suka mamaye amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa kwarin da ke ƙasa da dare a cikin ƙananan koguna. Ƙashin kwarin yana da kyau sosai a matsayin yankin da ake nufi da shi, saboda akwai ruwa da kuma ci gaba mai kyau na tsire-tsire na halitta.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone * Sandstone mai tsananin gaske == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl |website=OpenStreetMap}}</ref> * Hanya '''3''', tare da Tsaliet, kusa da tashar Kidane Mihret * Hanyar '''4''', a fadin saman ruwa a ƙauyen Waseiya A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. A wasu lokuta yana iya zama ba zai yiwu a haye kogi a lokacin ruwan sama ba. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == grjsn4r5t0tiy5t0t4ne0uz2kgel3v1 0 153347 843156 2026-05-30T06:50:36Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342472657|May Harena]]" 843156 wikitext text/x-wiki '''May Harena''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa gabas don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a cikin Kogin Giba da Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == May Harena wani kogi ne na ɗan lokaci tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 100 a kowace kilomita. == Ilimin ruwa == [[Fayil:Upper_May_Harena_in_hagere_selam.jpg|thumb|Bincika madatsar ruwa a saman Mayu Harena da nufin hana magudanar ruwa na birane - lura da shaidar sharar birane a kan gabion mesh]] Ruwan kogin a watan Mayu Harena yana da yanayi sosai, tare da kogin kawai yana ɗaukar ruwa a lokacin ruwan sama, bayan abubuwan ruwan sama. Matsalar ta kara tsanantawa da gaskiyar cewa mafi yawan magudanar birane daga Hagere Selam an tura su cikin sauri zuwa wannan kogi. Ayyukan kiyayewa (kamar waɗanda aikin [[Selam WatSani]] ke da niyyar hana waɗannan ambaliyar ruwa. Duk da haka akwai bambanci mai karfi tare da mafi kyawun tsarin da ke kusa da Kogin May Sho'ate. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A wasu gangaren da ke da tsaunuka, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |url-access=subscription |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> [[Fayil:May_harena_in_harena_2.jpg|thumb|Bincika madatsar ruwa a watan Mayu Harena]] == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone [[Fayil:May_Harena_catchment.jpg|thumb|May Harena catchment]] == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX. Trek '''12 V''' yana gudana daidai da kogi, a gefen arewa. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == q10jyefgfuzag7imyk81qkyyf7g6aje 843157 843156 2026-05-30T06:50:56Z Pharouqenr 25549 843157 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''May Harena''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa gabas don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a cikin Kogin Giba da Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == May Harena wani kogi ne na ɗan lokaci tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 100 a kowace kilomita. == Ilimin ruwa == [[Fayil:Upper_May_Harena_in_hagere_selam.jpg|thumb|Bincika madatsar ruwa a saman Mayu Harena da nufin hana magudanar ruwa na birane - lura da shaidar sharar birane a kan gabion mesh]] Ruwan kogin a watan Mayu Harena yana da yanayi sosai, tare da kogin kawai yana ɗaukar ruwa a lokacin ruwan sama, bayan abubuwan ruwan sama. Matsalar ta kara tsanantawa da gaskiyar cewa mafi yawan magudanar birane daga Hagere Selam an tura su cikin sauri zuwa wannan kogi. Ayyukan kiyayewa (kamar waɗanda aikin [[Selam WatSani]] ke da niyyar hana waɗannan ambaliyar ruwa. Duk da haka akwai bambanci mai karfi tare da mafi kyawun tsarin da ke kusa da Kogin May Sho'ate. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A wasu gangaren da ke da tsaunuka, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |url-access=subscription |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> [[Fayil:May_harena_in_harena_2.jpg|thumb|Bincika madatsar ruwa a watan Mayu Harena]] == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone [[Fayil:May_Harena_catchment.jpg|thumb|May Harena catchment]] == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX. Trek '''12 V''' yana gudana daidai da kogi, a gefen arewa. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == 3naxeq7bcej4gqzv9p1azoppq30bgfe 0 153348 843158 2026-05-30T06:51:52Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1292658033|May Qoqah]]" 843158 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mayu Qoqah''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a kan tsaunin Ts'ats'en na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa arewa don rasa a ƙarshe a cikin Giba da Tekezé River . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin dutse ne mai iyaka, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 90 a kowace kilomita. Kogin ya yanke wani kwari a cikin basalt da ke kewaye da shi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse bunds <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x |s2cid=98547102}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Da yake lura da cewa, a cikin koguna masu cike da gado, an lalata madatsar ruwa ta hanyar Abrasion, an shigar da madatsar katako mai fuska a fadin wannan kogi. An saka su a bakin kogin, 0.5-1 m sama da gado, kuma bangarorin su na sama sun fuskanci manyan duwatsu. Irin waɗannan madatsun ruwa suna haifar da tafkin ruwa na wucin gadi, yada yawan kwararar ruwa a duk faɗin tashar, da kuma zubar da turɓaya. Bayan gwaji a karkashin matsanancin yanayin kwarara (ciki har da guguwa biyu mai tsanani) ya bayyana cewa kashi 60% na madatsun ruwa sun tsayayya da ambaliyar ruwa mai ƙarfi, musamman a saman kogin. Manoma makwabta suna jin daɗin irin waɗannan tsarin don sarrafa koguna na farko tare da nauyin gado mai laushi saboda dabarar tana da arha kuma ana iya shigar da ita cikin sauƙi.<ref name="nyssen">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Boulder-Faced Log Dams as an Alternative for Gabion Check Dams in First-Order Ephemeral Streams with Coarse Bed Load in Ethiopia |url=https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/580811 |journal=Journal of Hydraulic Engineering |volume=143 |doi=10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001217 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> [[Fayil:Ketin_Kalay_River.jpg|thumb|Ketin Kalay, tafkuna na dindindin a cikin kogin Qoqah na Mayu]] == Aikin noma da ake ban ruwa a Hamute == Baya ga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da tafkuna, ban ruwa ya dogara sosai da kwararar kogin. Irin wannan aikin noma da ake ban ruwa yana da mahimmanci wajen biyan bukatun tsaro na abinci da rage talauci. An kafa ƙasashe masu ban ruwa a bakin kogin a Hamute. == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin wannan kogin da kuma gefensa. Ba a yi wa hanyoyin alama a ƙasa ba amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da fayilolin .GPX da aka sauke. Tafiya ta '''7''' tana bin kogin kuma tana ba da damar ziyartar madatsun katako. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == somwlasby98ibj8eijke963mk48lj5s 843159 843158 2026-05-30T06:52:33Z Pharouqenr 25549 843159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mayu Qoqah''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a kan tsaunin Ts'ats'en na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa arewa don rasa a ƙarshe a cikin Giba da Tekezé River . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin dutse ne mai iyaka, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 90 a kowace kilomita. Kogin ya yanke wani kwari a cikin basalt da ke kewaye da shi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse bunds <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x |s2cid=98547102}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Da yake lura da cewa, a cikin koguna masu cike da gado, an lalata madatsar ruwa ta hanyar Abrasion, an shigar da madatsar katako mai fuska a fadin wannan kogi. An saka su a bakin kogin, 0.5-1 m sama da gado, kuma bangarorin su na sama sun fuskanci manyan duwatsu. Irin waɗannan madatsun ruwa suna haifar da tafkin ruwa na wucin gadi, yada yawan kwararar ruwa a duk faɗin tashar, da kuma zubar da turɓaya. Bayan gwaji a karkashin matsanancin yanayin kwarara (ciki har da guguwa biyu mai tsanani) ya bayyana cewa kashi 60% na madatsun ruwa sun tsayayya da ambaliyar ruwa mai ƙarfi, musamman a saman kogin. Manoma makwabta suna jin daɗin irin waɗannan tsarin don sarrafa koguna na farko tare da nauyin gado mai laushi saboda dabarar tana da arha kuma ana iya shigar da ita cikin sauƙi.<ref name="nyssen">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Boulder-Faced Log Dams as an Alternative for Gabion Check Dams in First-Order Ephemeral Streams with Coarse Bed Load in Ethiopia |url=https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/580811 |journal=Journal of Hydraulic Engineering |volume=143 |doi=10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001217 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> [[Fayil:Ketin_Kalay_River.jpg|thumb|Ketin Kalay, tafkuna na dindindin a cikin kogin Qoqah na Mayu]] == Aikin noma da ake ban ruwa a Hamute == Baya ga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da tafkuna, ban ruwa ya dogara sosai da kwararar kogin. Irin wannan aikin noma da ake ban ruwa yana da mahimmanci wajen biyan bukatun tsaro na abinci da rage talauci. An kafa ƙasashe masu ban ruwa a bakin kogin a Hamute. == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin wannan kogin da kuma gefensa. Ba a yi wa hanyoyin alama a ƙasa ba amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da fayilolin .GPX da aka sauke. Tafiya ta '''7''' tana bin kogin kuma tana ba da damar ziyartar madatsun katako. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == s4hfunemc8zl03epbwt2lv73ylw45uv 0 153349 843160 2026-05-30T06:52:58Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1291636159|May Sho'ate]]" 843160 wikitext text/x-wiki May Sho'ate (wanda kuma ake kira Argak'a) kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa kudu don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a Giba da Kogin Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne mai ƙuntataccen lokaci tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 121 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Shirin Gudanar da Gudanar da Ruwan Ruwan Ruwa na May Zegzeg == A matsayin wani ɓangare na fadakarwa tare da bincike a Dogu'a Tembien, an kafa Shirin Gudanar da [[Ruwan ruwa|Gudanar da ruwa]] Ruwan Ruwar Ruwan Ruwa na Ruwan Ruwashin Ruwan Ruwakin Ruwan Ruwanda na Ruwan ruwakin Ruwar Ruwar Ruwakin ruwakin ruwar Ruwan ruwar Ruwar ruwakin Akwai wani takamaiman mayar da hankali kan May Sho'ate subcatchment. Aikin ya haɗa da aiwatar da dabarun kiyayewa don ƙara shigar ruwa da kiyaye ƙasa. Manufar ita ce inganta rayuwar al'ummomin Harena, Hech'i da Addi Qolqwal da kuma nunawa da inganta gudanar da ruwa a duniya a cikin gundumar. Sakamakon aiwatar da takamaiman dabarun kiyayewa da ke da niyyar kara yawan ruwa da kiyaye ƙasa an saka idanu musamman a cikin koguna a Mayu Sho'ate: busassun dutse, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900/file/738003.pdf |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> duba madatsun ruwa a cikin gullies, <ref name="The effectiveness of loose rock che">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x |s2cid=98547102}}</ref> da kuma saita-bikin wuraren da suka lalace wanda ya haifar da ɓoyewa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Sediment deposition and pedogenesis in exclosures in the Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia. |journal=Geoderma |volume=132 |issue=3–4 |pages=291–314 |bibcode=2006Geode.132..291D |doi=10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.04.027}}</ref> == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. [[Fayil:May_Shoate_catchment.jpg|thumb|May Sho'ate kamawa]] Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin aikin May Zegzeg, da sauran ayyukan al'umma. A kan gangaren da ke da tsawo, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse bunds <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900/file/738003.pdf |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> <ref name="The effectiveness of loose rock che">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x |s2cid=98547102}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Aikin noma da ake ban ruwa == [[Fayil:May_shoate_dam.jpg|thumb|Wataƙila madatsar ruwan Sho'ate]] Baya ga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da tafkuna, ban ruwa ya dogara sosai da kwararar kogin. Irin wannan aikin noma da ake ban ruwa yana da mahimmanci wajen biyan bukatun tsaro na abinci da rage talauci. Yankunan da aka yi ban ruwa kusa da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa waɗanda suka zama masu ƙarfi bayan ayyukan kiyayewa: * Zenaqo a saman tafkin * Mayu Addi Abagiè, kusa da mahaɗar May Sho'ate da May Harena [[Fayil:May_shoate_and_may_harena.jpg|thumb|Ruwa kusa da mahaɗar May Sho'ate da May Harena]] == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone == Binciken bincike == Idan aka ba da wakilcinsa ga tsaunuka masu tsaunuka na arewacin Habasha da kusanci da garin Hagere Selam, an gudanar da ayyukan bincike daban-daban tare da May Sho'ate da kuma cikin tafkinsa. Wadannan karatun suna da alaƙa da: * Contribution of tillage erosion to landscape formation (monitoring study)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Haile |first3=Mitiku |last4=Moeyersons |first4=Jan |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |year=2000 |title=Tillage erosion on slopes with soil conservation structures in the Ethiopian highlands |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167198700001380 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=115–127 |doi=10.1016/S0167-1987(00)00138-0 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Removal of rock fragments and its effect on soil loss and crop yield (study on experimental plots)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Haile |first2=Mitiku |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Deckers |first4=J. |last5=Moeyersons |first5=J. |year=2006 |title=Removal of rock fragments and its effect on soil loss and crop yield, Tigray, Ethiopia |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00025.x |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=179–187 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00025.x |s2cid=98532199 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Remobilisation of ancient mass movements (the May Ntebteb [[Zaftarewar ƙasa|landslide]])<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Moeyersons |first2=Jan |last3=Poesen |first3=Jean |last4=Deckers |first4=Jozef |last5=Mitiku Haile |year=2003 |title=The environmental significance of the remobilisation of ancient mass movements in the Atbara–Tekeze headwaters, Northern Ethiopia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169555X02001927 |journal=Geomorphology |volume=49 |issue=3–4 |pages=303–322 |bibcode=2003Geomo..49..303N |doi=10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00192-7 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Impact of [[Titi|road building]] on [[Zaizayar ruwa (Gully)|gully erosion]] risk<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Moeyersons |first3=Jan |last4=Luyten |first4=Edith |last5=Veyret-Picot |first5=Maude |last6=Deckers |first6=Jozef |last7=Haile |first7=Mitiku |last8=Govers |first8=Gerard |year=2002 |title=Impact of road building on gully erosion risk: A case study from the Northern Ethiopian Highlands |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/esp.404 |journal=Earth Surface Processes and Landforms |volume=27 |issue=12 |pages=1267–1283 |bibcode=2002ESPL...27.1267N |doi=10.1002/esp.404 |s2cid=140691299 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Causes of high [[stone cover]] in farm fields <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Moeyersons |first3=Jan |last4=Lavrysen |first4=Els |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=Jozef |year=2002 |title=Spatial distribution of rock fragments in cultivated soils in northern Ethiopia as affected by lateral and vertical displacement processes |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169555X01000964 |journal=Geomorphology |volume=43 |issue=1–2 |pages=1–16 |bibcode=2002Geomo..43....1N |doi=10.1016/S0169-555X(01)00096-4 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control (monitoring study) <ref name="The effectiveness of loose rock che">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x |s2cid=98547102}}</ref> * Effectiveness of stone bunds in controlling soil erosion (monitoring studies)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900/file/738003.pdf |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebrernichael |first=Desta |last2=Nyssen |first2=J. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Deckers |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Govers |first6=G. |last7=Moeyersons |first7=J. |year=2005 |title=Effectiveness of stone bunds in controlling soil erosion on cropland in the Tigray Highlands, northern Ethiopia 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|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169555X0600153X |journal=Geomorphology |volume=81 |issue=3–4 |pages=265–275 |bibcode=2006Geomo..81..265N |doi=10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.04.021 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Soil mapping<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Naudts |first2=J. |last3=De Geyndt |first3=K. |last4=Haile |first4=Mitiku |last5=Poesen |first5=J. |last6=Moeyersons |first6=J. |last7=Deckers |first7=J. |date=2008 |title=Soils and land use in the Tigray highlands (Northern Ethiopia). |journal=Land Degradation and Development |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=257–274 |doi=10.1002/ldr.840 |s2cid=128492271}}</ref> * River sediment budget before and after [[land conservation]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Moeyersons |first3=Jan |last4=Haile |first4=Mitiku |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |year=2008 |title=Dynamics of soil erosion rates and controlling factors in the Northern Ethiopian Highlands – towards a 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D. |last10=Haile |first10=Mitiku |last11=Deckers |first11=J. |year=2011 |title=Effects of conservation agriculture on runoff, soil loss and crop yield under rainfed conditions in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00347.x |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=404–414 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00347.x |s2cid=98508952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebreegziabher |first=Tewodros |last2=Nyssen |first2=Jan |last3=Govaerts |first3=Bram |last4=Getnet |first4=Fekadu |last5=Behailu |first5=Mintesinot |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |last7=Deckers |first7=Jozef |year=2009 |title=Contour furrows for in situ soil and water conservation, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167198708001268 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=103 |issue=2 |pages=257–264 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2008.05.021 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * [[Amfani da Ƙasa|Land use]] and soil erosion rates (study on experimental plots) * Water balance (monitoring study)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Clymans |first2=Wim |last3=Descheemaeker |first3=Katrien |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Vandecasteele |first5=Ine |last6=Vanmaercke |first6=Matthias |last7=Zenebe |first7=Amanuel |last8=Van Camp |first8=Marc |last9=Haile |first9=Mitiku |last10=Haregeweyn |first10=Nigussie |last11=Moeyersons |first11=Jan |last12=Martens |first12=Kristine |last13=Gebreyohannes |first13=Tesfamichael |last14=Deckers |first14=Jozef |last15=Walraevens |first15=Kristine |year=2010 |title=Impact of soil and water conservation measures on catchment hydrological response-a case in north Ethiopia |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/hyp.7628 |journal=Hydrological Processes |volume=24 |issue=13 |pages=1880–1895 |bibcode=2010HyPr...24.1880N |doi=10.1002/hyp.7628 |s2cid=53414457 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> * Rodents harbouring in loose rock conservation structures<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Meheretu |first=Yonas |last2=Sluydts |first2=Vincent |last3=Welegerima |first3=Kiros |last4=Bauer |first4=Hans |last5=Teferi |first5=Mekonen |last6=Yirga |first6=Gidey |last7=Mulungu |first7=Loth |last8=Haile |first8=Mitiku |last9=Nyssen |first9=Jan |last10=Deckers |first10=Jozef |last11=Makundi |first11=Rhodes |last12=Leirs |first12=Herwig |year=2014 |title=Rodent abundance, stone bund density and its effects on crop damage in the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026121941300255X |journal=Crop Protection |volume=55 |pages=61–67 |doi=10.1016/j.cropro.2013.10.016}}</ref> 0mn3ubkeqskoyxwlgvti3cy5ou0j28g 843161 843160 2026-05-30T06:53:29Z Pharouqenr 25549 843161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''May Sho'ate''' (wanda kuma ake kira Argak'a) kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa kudu don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a Giba da Kogin Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne mai ƙuntataccen lokaci tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 121 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Shirin Gudanar da Gudanar da Ruwan Ruwan Ruwa na May Zegzeg == A matsayin wani ɓangare na fadakarwa tare da bincike a Dogu'a Tembien, an kafa Shirin Gudanar da [[Ruwan ruwa|Gudanar da ruwa]] Ruwan Ruwar Ruwan Ruwa na Ruwan Ruwashin Ruwan Ruwakin Ruwan Ruwanda na Ruwan ruwakin Ruwar Ruwar Ruwakin ruwakin ruwar Ruwan ruwar Ruwar ruwakin Akwai wani takamaiman mayar da hankali kan May Sho'ate subcatchment. Aikin ya haɗa da aiwatar da dabarun kiyayewa don ƙara shigar ruwa da kiyaye ƙasa. Manufar ita ce inganta rayuwar al'ummomin Harena, Hech'i da Addi Qolqwal da kuma nunawa da inganta gudanar da ruwa a duniya a cikin gundumar. Sakamakon aiwatar da takamaiman dabarun kiyayewa da ke da niyyar kara yawan ruwa da kiyaye ƙasa an saka idanu musamman a cikin koguna a Mayu Sho'ate: busassun dutse, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900/file/738003.pdf |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> duba madatsun ruwa a cikin gullies, <ref name="The effectiveness of loose rock che">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x |s2cid=98547102}}</ref> da kuma saita-bikin wuraren da suka lalace wanda ya haifar da ɓoyewa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Sediment deposition and pedogenesis in exclosures in the Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia. |journal=Geoderma |volume=132 |issue=3–4 |pages=291–314 |bibcode=2006Geode.132..291D |doi=10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.04.027}}</ref> == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. [[Fayil:May_Shoate_catchment.jpg|thumb|May Sho'ate kamawa]] Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin aikin May Zegzeg, da sauran ayyukan al'umma. A kan gangaren da ke da tsawo, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse bunds <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900/file/738003.pdf |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> <ref name="The effectiveness of loose rock che">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x |s2cid=98547102}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Aikin noma da ake ban ruwa == [[Fayil:May_shoate_dam.jpg|thumb|Wataƙila madatsar ruwan Sho'ate]] Baya ga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da tafkuna, ban ruwa ya dogara sosai da kwararar kogin. Irin wannan aikin noma da ake ban ruwa yana da mahimmanci wajen biyan bukatun tsaro na abinci da rage talauci. Yankunan da aka yi ban ruwa kusa da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa waɗanda suka zama masu ƙarfi bayan ayyukan kiyayewa: * Zenaqo a saman tafkin * Mayu Addi Abagiè, kusa da mahaɗar May Sho'ate da May Harena [[Fayil:May_shoate_and_may_harena.jpg|thumb|Ruwa kusa da mahaɗar May Sho'ate da May Harena]] == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone == Binciken bincike == Idan aka ba da wakilcinsa ga tsaunuka masu tsaunuka na arewacin Habasha da kusanci da garin Hagere Selam, an gudanar da ayyukan bincike daban-daban tare da May Sho'ate da kuma cikin tafkinsa. Wadannan karatun suna da alaƙa da: * Contribution of tillage erosion to landscape formation (monitoring study)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Haile |first3=Mitiku |last4=Moeyersons |first4=Jan |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |year=2000 |title=Tillage erosion on slopes with soil conservation structures in the Ethiopian highlands |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167198700001380 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=115–127 |doi=10.1016/S0167-1987(00)00138-0 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Removal of rock fragments and its effect on soil loss and crop yield (study on experimental plots)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Haile |first2=Mitiku |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Deckers |first4=J. |last5=Moeyersons |first5=J. |year=2006 |title=Removal of rock fragments and its effect on soil loss and crop yield, Tigray, Ethiopia |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00025.x |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=179–187 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00025.x |s2cid=98532199 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Remobilisation of ancient mass movements (the May Ntebteb [[Zaftarewar ƙasa|landslide]])<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Moeyersons |first2=Jan |last3=Poesen |first3=Jean |last4=Deckers |first4=Jozef |last5=Mitiku Haile |year=2003 |title=The environmental significance of the remobilisation of ancient mass movements in the Atbara–Tekeze headwaters, Northern Ethiopia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169555X02001927 |journal=Geomorphology |volume=49 |issue=3–4 |pages=303–322 |bibcode=2003Geomo..49..303N |doi=10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00192-7 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Impact of [[Titi|road building]] on [[Zaizayar ruwa (Gully)|gully erosion]] risk<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Moeyersons |first3=Jan |last4=Luyten |first4=Edith |last5=Veyret-Picot |first5=Maude |last6=Deckers |first6=Jozef |last7=Haile |first7=Mitiku |last8=Govers |first8=Gerard |year=2002 |title=Impact of road building on gully erosion risk: A case study from the Northern Ethiopian Highlands |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/esp.404 |journal=Earth Surface Processes and Landforms |volume=27 |issue=12 |pages=1267–1283 |bibcode=2002ESPL...27.1267N |doi=10.1002/esp.404 |s2cid=140691299 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Causes of high [[stone cover]] in farm fields <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Moeyersons |first3=Jan |last4=Lavrysen |first4=Els |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=Jozef |year=2002 |title=Spatial distribution of rock fragments in cultivated soils in northern Ethiopia as affected by lateral and vertical displacement processes |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169555X01000964 |journal=Geomorphology |volume=43 |issue=1–2 |pages=1–16 |bibcode=2002Geomo..43....1N |doi=10.1016/S0169-555X(01)00096-4 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control (monitoring study) <ref name="The effectiveness of loose rock che">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x |s2cid=98547102}}</ref> * Effectiveness of stone bunds in controlling soil erosion (monitoring studies)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900/file/738003.pdf |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebrernichael |first=Desta |last2=Nyssen |first2=J. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Deckers |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Govers |first6=G. |last7=Moeyersons |first7=J. |year=2005 |title=Effectiveness of stone bunds in controlling soil erosion on cropland in the Tigray Highlands, northern Ethiopia |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00401.x |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=287–297 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2005.tb00401.x |s2cid=95931760 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Rainfall [[erosivity]] and variability (based on rain data collection) <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Vandenreyken |first2=H. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Deckers |first5=J. |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |last7=Salles |first7=C. |last8=Govers |first8=G. |year=2005 |title=Rainfall erosivity and variability in the Northern Ethiopian Highlands |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169405000193 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=311 |issue=1–4 |pages=172–187 |bibcode=2005JHyd..311..172N |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.12.016 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Impacts of [[Rigakafin ƙasa|soil conservation]] on soil fertility and crop yield (monitoring study)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vancampenhout |first=Karen |last2=Nyssen |first2=Jan |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Deckers |first4=Jozef |last5=Poesen |first5=Jean |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |last7=Moeyersons |first7=Jan |year=2006 |title=Stone bunds for soil conservation in the northern Ethiopian highlands: Impacts on soil fertility and crop yield |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167198705002199 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=90 |issue=1–2 |pages=1–15 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2005.08.004 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Rockfall from the cliffs in the catchment and rock fragment displacement on scree slopes (monitoring study) <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Poesen |first2=J. |last3=Moeyersons |first3=J. |last4=Deckers |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |year=2006 |title=Processes and rates of rock fragment displacement on cliffs and scree slopes in an amba landscape, Ethiopia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169555X0600153X |journal=Geomorphology |volume=81 |issue=3–4 |pages=265–275 |bibcode=2006Geomo..81..265N |doi=10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.04.021 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Soil mapping<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Naudts |first2=J. |last3=De Geyndt |first3=K. |last4=Haile |first4=Mitiku |last5=Poesen |first5=J. |last6=Moeyersons |first6=J. |last7=Deckers |first7=J. |date=2008 |title=Soils and land use in the Tigray highlands (Northern Ethiopia). |journal=Land Degradation and Development |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=257–274 |doi=10.1002/ldr.840 |s2cid=128492271}}</ref> * River sediment budget before and after [[land conservation]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Moeyersons |first3=Jan |last4=Haile |first4=Mitiku |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |year=2008 |title=Dynamics of soil erosion rates and controlling factors in the Northern Ethiopian Highlands – towards a sediment budget |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/esp.1569 |journal=Earth Surface Processes and Landforms |volume=33 |issue=5 |pages=695–711 |bibcode=2008ESPL...33..695N |doi=10.1002/esp.1569 |s2cid=53650704 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Clymans |first2=Wim |last3=Poesen |first3=Jean |last4=Vandecasteele |first4=Ine |last5=De Baets |first5=Sarah |last6=Haregeweyn |first6=Nigussie |last7=Naudts |first7=Jozef |last8=Hadera |first8=Amanuel |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Haile |first10=Mitiku |last11=Deckers |first11=Jozef |year=2009 |title=How soil conservation affects the catchment sediment budget - a comprehensive study in the north Ethiopian highlands |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/esp.1805 |journal=Earth Surface Processes and Landforms |volume=34 |issue=9 |pages=1216–1233 |bibcode=2009ESPL...34.1216N |doi=10.1002/esp.1805 |s2cid=129123841 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Groundwater recharge 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|last9=Deckers |first9=Jozef |last10=Van Camp |first10=Marc |year=2009 |title=Groundwater recharge and flow in a small mountain catchment in northern Ethiopia |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1623/hysj.54.4.739 |journal=Hydrological Sciences Journal |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=739–753 |doi=10.1623/hysj.54.4.739 |s2cid=129902936 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * Conservation agriculture (studies on experimental plots and in farmers fields) <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Govaerts |first2=Bram |last3=Araya |first3=Tesfay |last4=Cornelis |first4=Wim M. |last5=Bauer |first5=Hans |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |last7=Sayre |first7=Ken |last8=Deckers |first8=Jozef |year=2011 |title=The use of the marasha ard plough for conservation agriculture in Northern Ethiopia |url=https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1051/agro/2010014 |journal=Agronomy for Sustainable Development |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=287–297 |doi=10.1051/agro/2010014 |s2cid=9697107}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Araya |first=Tesfay |last2=Nyssen |first2=JAN |last3=Govaerts |first3=Bram |last4=Baudron |first4=Frédéric |last5=Carpentier |first5=Louise |last6=Bauer |first6=Hans |last7=Lanckriet |first7=SIL |last8=Deckers |first8=Jozef |last9=Cornelis |first9=WIM M. |year=2016 |title=Restoring Cropland Productivity and Profitability in Northern Ethiopian Drylands After Nine Years of Resource-Conserving Agriculture |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/experimental-agriculture/article/restoring-cropland-productivity-and-profitability-in-northern-ethiopian-drylands-after-nine-years-of-resourceconserving-agriculture/E5969BB2C55072CDD0F1BBE2EB64A5A6 |journal=Experimental Agriculture |volume=52 |issue=2 |pages=165–187 |doi=10.1017/S001447971400060X |s2cid=85663297 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lanckriet |first=Sil |last2=Araya |first2=Tesfay |last3=Derudder |first3=Ben |last4=Cornelis |first4=Wim |last5=Bauer |first5=Hans |last6=Govaerts |first6=Bram 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|journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=475 |pages=336–349 |bibcode=2012JHyd..475..336L |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.10.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Araya |first=Tesfay |last2=Cornelis |first2=W. M. |last3=Nyssen |first3=J. |last4=Govaerts |first4=B. |last5=Bauer |first5=H. |last6=Gebreegziabher |first6=Tewodros |last7=Oicha |first7=Tigist |last8=Raes |first8=D. |last9=Sayre |first9=K. D. |last10=Haile |first10=Mitiku |last11=Deckers |first11=J. |year=2011 |title=Effects of conservation agriculture on runoff, soil loss and crop yield under rainfed conditions in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00347.x |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=404–414 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00347.x |s2cid=98508952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebreegziabher |first=Tewodros |last2=Nyssen |first2=Jan |last3=Govaerts |first3=Bram |last4=Getnet |first4=Fekadu |last5=Behailu |first5=Mintesinot |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |last7=Deckers |first7=Jozef |year=2009 |title=Contour furrows for in situ soil and water conservation, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167198708001268 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=103 |issue=2 |pages=257–264 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2008.05.021 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * [[Amfani da Ƙasa|Land use]] and soil erosion rates (study on experimental plots) * Water balance (monitoring study)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Clymans |first2=Wim |last3=Descheemaeker |first3=Katrien |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Vandecasteele |first5=Ine |last6=Vanmaercke |first6=Matthias |last7=Zenebe |first7=Amanuel |last8=Van Camp |first8=Marc |last9=Haile |first9=Mitiku |last10=Haregeweyn |first10=Nigussie |last11=Moeyersons |first11=Jan |last12=Martens |first12=Kristine |last13=Gebreyohannes |first13=Tesfamichael |last14=Deckers |first14=Jozef |last15=Walraevens |first15=Kristine |year=2010 |title=Impact of soil and water conservation measures on catchment hydrological response-a case in north Ethiopia |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/hyp.7628 |journal=Hydrological Processes |volume=24 |issue=13 |pages=1880–1895 |bibcode=2010HyPr...24.1880N |doi=10.1002/hyp.7628 |s2cid=53414457 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> * Rodents harbouring in loose rock conservation structures<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Meheretu |first=Yonas |last2=Sluydts |first2=Vincent |last3=Welegerima |first3=Kiros |last4=Bauer |first4=Hans |last5=Teferi |first5=Mekonen |last6=Yirga |first6=Gidey |last7=Mulungu |first7=Loth |last8=Haile |first8=Mitiku |last9=Nyssen |first9=Jan |last10=Deckers |first10=Jozef |last11=Makundi |first11=Rhodes |last12=Leirs |first12=Herwig |year=2014 |title=Rodent abundance, stone bund density and its effects on crop damage in the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026121941300255X |journal=Crop Protection |volume=55 |pages=61–67 |doi=10.1016/j.cropro.2013.10.016}}</ref> 3c5mqj0rfu44cuq1dam0k4xlu0l1n56 0 153350 843162 2026-05-30T06:53:54Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331244575|May Zegzeg]]" 843162 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mayu Zegzeg''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa kudu don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a cikin Kogin Giba da Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin May Zegzeg (MZZ) a cikin hanyar sadarwa ta Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne mai iyaka, wanda ke kewaye da shi a cikin ƙanƙanin raƙuman ruwa, tare da matsakaicin gangaren mita 43 a kowace kilomita. Tare da masu goyon bayanta May Sho'ate da May Harena, kogin ya yanke wani kogi. Tare da Kogin May Be'ati da ke kusa, wannan kogin shine tushen Kogin Rubaksa. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A Habdi Luqmuts da sauran gangaren da ke kan tsaunuka, an kafa shuke-shuke masu yawa; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |url-access=subscription |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Dutsen da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin, gami da raka'a masu zuwa: * Ruwan wuta na Phonolite * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na fadakarwa tare da bincike a Dogu'a Tembien, an kafa Shirin Gudanar da [[Ruwan ruwa|Gudanar da ruwa]] Ruwan Ruwar Ruwan Ruwa na Ruwan Ruwashin Ruwan Ruwakin Ruwan Ruwanda na Ruwan ruwakin Ruwar Ruwar Ruwakin ruwakin ruwar Ruwan ruwar Ruwar ruwakin Aikin ya haɗa da aiwatar da dabarun kiyayewa don ƙara shigar ruwa da kiyaye ƙasa. Manufar ita ce inganta rayuwar al'ummomin Harena, Hech'i da Addi Qolqwal da kuma nunawa da inganta gudanar da ruwa a duniya a cikin gundumar. Sakamakon aiwatar da takamaiman dabarun kiyayewa da ke da niyyar kara yawan ruwa da kiyaye ƙasa an saka idanu musamman a cikin koguna a Mayu Sho'ate: busassun dutse, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |url-access=subscription |hdl-access=free}}</ref> duba madatsun ruwa a cikin gullies, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref> da kuma saita-bikin wuraren da suka lalace wanda ya haifar da ɓoyewa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Sediment deposition and pedogenesis in exclosures in the Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia. |journal=Geoderma |volume=132 |issue=3–4 |pages=291–314 |doi=10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.04.027}}</ref> == Yankin halitta == A kan cikakken hanyarsa, wannan kogi ya zama iyaka tsakanin Mika'el Abiy (a yamma) da kuma Ayninbirkekin municipalities (a gabas) == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl}}</ref> * Hanyar '''12''', tana gudana daidai da kogi a bakin gabas, daga Mayu Sho'ate zuwa Rubaksa A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == qfzgb6ap1cgw22sepizy695o46f23xv 843163 843162 2026-05-30T06:54:12Z Pharouqenr 25549 843163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mayu Zegzeg''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa kudu don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a cikin Kogin Giba da Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin May Zegzeg (MZZ) a cikin hanyar sadarwa ta Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne mai iyaka, wanda ke kewaye da shi a cikin ƙanƙanin raƙuman ruwa, tare da matsakaicin gangaren mita 43 a kowace kilomita. Tare da masu goyon bayanta May Sho'ate da May Harena, kogin ya yanke wani kogi. Tare da Kogin May Be'ati da ke kusa, wannan kogin shine tushen Kogin Rubaksa. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A Habdi Luqmuts da sauran gangaren da ke kan tsaunuka, an kafa shuke-shuke masu yawa; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |url-access=subscription |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Dutsen da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin, gami da raka'a masu zuwa: * Ruwan wuta na Phonolite * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na fadakarwa tare da bincike a Dogu'a Tembien, an kafa Shirin Gudanar da [[Ruwan ruwa|Gudanar da ruwa]] Ruwan Ruwar Ruwan Ruwa na Ruwan Ruwashin Ruwan Ruwakin Ruwan Ruwanda na Ruwan ruwakin Ruwar Ruwar Ruwakin ruwakin ruwar Ruwan ruwar Ruwar ruwakin Aikin ya haɗa da aiwatar da dabarun kiyayewa don ƙara shigar ruwa da kiyaye ƙasa. Manufar ita ce inganta rayuwar al'ummomin Harena, Hech'i da Addi Qolqwal da kuma nunawa da inganta gudanar da ruwa a duniya a cikin gundumar. Sakamakon aiwatar da takamaiman dabarun kiyayewa da ke da niyyar kara yawan ruwa da kiyaye ƙasa an saka idanu musamman a cikin koguna a Mayu Sho'ate: busassun dutse, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |url-access=subscription |hdl-access=free}}</ref> duba madatsun ruwa a cikin gullies, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref> da kuma saita-bikin wuraren da suka lalace wanda ya haifar da ɓoyewa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Sediment deposition and pedogenesis in exclosures in the Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia. |journal=Geoderma |volume=132 |issue=3–4 |pages=291–314 |doi=10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.04.027}}</ref> == Yankin halitta == A kan cikakken hanyarsa, wannan kogi ya zama iyaka tsakanin Mika'el Abiy (a yamma) da kuma Ayninbirkekin municipalities (a gabas) == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl}}</ref> * Hanyar '''12''', tana gudana daidai da kogi a bakin gabas, daga Mayu Sho'ate zuwa Rubaksa A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == a6b4q5gmh3qiznxic5bxa0wqet0vrxo 0 153351 843164 2026-05-30T06:54:36Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259025459|Qarano River]]" 843164 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Qarano''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa gabas zuwa komai a cikin Kogin Giba da Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Qarano wani kogi ne na ɗan lokaci, wanda ke ke [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin ƙanƙanin rafi, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 45 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == [[Fayil:Qarano_valley.jpg|left|thumb|Kwarin Qarano]] Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira ambaliyar ruwa). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A Addilal da sauran gangaren da ke kan tsaunuka, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse bunds <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa sun tsayar da runoff. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Dutsen da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin Qarano na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin, kuma an yi su ne da Antalo Limestone ko tufa na ruwa mai laushi <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> == Yankin halitta == A lokacin da yake gudana, wannan kogi ya ratsa kananan hukumomi uku kuma ya kafa iyakoki daban-daban. A sassa daban-daban: * Addilal a arewa * Emni Ankelalu a gabas * Addi Azmera a yamma da kudu maso yamma == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl}}</ref> * Hanyar '''23''', tare da saman kogi A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == smp2u83nx89xjovgh8easbcd3d53yhs 843166 843164 2026-05-30T06:55:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 843166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Qarano''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa gabas zuwa komai a cikin Kogin Giba da Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Qarano wani kogi ne na ɗan lokaci, wanda ke ke [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin ƙanƙanin rafi, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 45 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == [[Fayil:Qarano_valley.jpg|left|thumb|Kwarin Qarano]] Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira ambaliyar ruwa). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A Addilal da sauran gangaren da ke kan tsaunuka, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse bunds <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa sun tsayar da runoff. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Dutsen da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin Qarano na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin, kuma an yi su ne da Antalo Limestone ko tufa na ruwa mai laushi <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> == Yankin halitta == A lokacin da yake gudana, wannan kogi ya ratsa kananan hukumomi uku kuma ya kafa iyakoki daban-daban. A sassa daban-daban: * Addilal a arewa * Emni Ankelalu a gabas * Addi Azmera a yamma da kudu maso yamma == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl}}</ref> * Hanyar '''23''', tare da saman kogi A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == 2lhofepbi54xntzf2ff0vanaujt949s 0 153352 843165 2026-05-30T06:54:55Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Joseph Oyeyani Makoju | image = | birth_date = {{birth date|1948|7|13}} | birth_place = Okene, Jihar Kogi, Najeriya | death_date = {{death date and age|2022|4|11|1948|7|13}} | death_place = Abuja, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Injiniya, shugaban masana'antu, mai ba shugaban ƙasa shawara | education = Jami'ar Nottingham | awards = OFR, OON }} '''Joseph Oyeyani Makoju''' (13 Yuli 1948 – 11 Afrilu 2022) fitaccen injiniya ne kum... 843165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Joseph Oyeyani Makoju | image = | birth_date = {{birth date|1948|7|13}} | birth_place = Okene, Jihar Kogi, Najeriya | death_date = {{death date and age|2022|4|11|1948|7|13}} | death_place = Abuja, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Injiniya, shugaban masana'antu, mai ba shugaban ƙasa shawara | education = Jami'ar Nottingham | awards = OFR, OON }} '''Joseph Oyeyani Makoju''' (13 Yuli 1948 – 11 Afrilu 2022) fitaccen injiniya ne kuma jagoran masana'antun Najeriya wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a fannonin samar da siminti da lantarki a ƙasar. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Manajan Darakta kuma Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na kamfanoni da dama, ciki har da ''Dangote Cement Plc'' da tsohuwar ''National Electric Power Authority'' (NEPA). Haka kuma ya kasance mai ba shugabannin Najeriya shawara kan harkokin lantarki.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Former Presidential Adviser, Ex-MD Dangote Cement, Joseph Makoju, dies at 73 |url=https://www.theconclaveng.com/former-presidential-adviser-ex-md-dangote-cement-joseph-makoju-dies-at-73/ |work=The Conclave |date=11 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Makoju a ranar 13 ga Yuli, 1948 a garin Okene da ke Jihar Kogi, Najeriya. Ya yi karatunsa na sakandare a Government College Kaduna da kuma Federal Government College Warri, inda ya samu lambobin yabo na ilimi. Daga baya ya tafi Birtaniya inda ya yi karatun Injiniyan Na'urori (Mechanical Engineering) a Jami'ar Nottingham. Ya kammala digirin farko da darajar ''First Class Honours'' a shekarar 1972 sannan ya samu digirin M.Phil. a fannin Mechanical Engineering daga wannan jami'a a shekarar 1974.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Former MD Of Dangote Group Joseph Makoju Is Dead |url=https://gatekeepersnews.com/2022/04/11/former-md-of-dangote-group-joseph-makoju-is-dead/ |work=Gatekeepers News |date=11 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Aikin sana'a == Makoju ya fara aiki a kamfanoni na duniya kamar Shell-BP da Blue Circle Industries a Birtaniya. Daga baya ya koma Najeriya inda ya yi suna a masana'antar siminti. Ya jagoranci kamfanin '''West African Portland Cement Company (WAPCO)''', wanda daga baya ya zama wani ɓangare na Lafarge Najeriya. A lokacin jagorancinsa, kamfanin ya samu gagarumin ci gaba a samarwa da kasuwanci.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Dangote Cement: Makoju Retires after 45 Years in Industry |url=https://dangote-group.africa-newsroom.com/press/dangote-cement-makoju-retires-after-45-years-in-industry |work=Africa Newsroom |publisher=Dangote Group |date=27 December 2019 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Bayan haka, an naɗa shi Manajan Darakta kuma Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na '''National Electric Power Authority (NEPA)''', inda ya jagoranci gyare-gyare da shirye-shiryen inganta samar da lantarki a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Obaseki Mourns former Dangote Cement MD, Makoju |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2022/04/13/obaseki-mourns-former-dangote-cement-md-makoju/ |work=ThisDay |date=13 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Aiki a Dangote Group == A shekarar 2009, Makoju ya shiga '''Dangote Group''' a matsayin mai ba shugaban kamfanin, Aliko Dangote, shawara. Daga baya ya zama Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa (GMD/CEO) na '''Dangote Cement Plc'''. An fi saninsa da rawar da ya taka wajen faɗaɗa masana'antar siminti ta Dangote a Najeriya da sauran ƙasashen Afirka. Saboda gudummawar da ya bayar a masana'antar siminti, mutane da dama suna kiransa da lakabin ''"Mr. Cement"''.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Dangote Cement: Makoju Retires after 45 Years in Industry |url=https://dangote-group.africa-newsroom.com/press/dangote-cement-makoju-retires-after-45-years-in-industry |work=Africa Newsroom |date=27 December 2019 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Ya yi ritaya daga mukamin GMD/CEO na Dangote Cement a ranar 31 ga Janairu, 2020 bayan kusan shekaru 45 yana aiki a masana'antu daban-daban.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Makoju retires; Dangote Cement appoints new CEO |url=https://www.cemnet.com/News/story/168003/makoju-retires-dangote-cement-appoints-new-ceo.html |work=International Cement Review |date=27 December 2019 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Ayyukan gwamnati == Makoju ya kasance mai ba Shugaban Ƙasa shawara kan harkokin lantarki a zamanin shugabancin Olusegun Obasanjo da Goodluck Jonathan. Haka kuma ya kasance Shugaban Hukumar Gudanarwa ta farko ta '''West African Power Pool''', ƙungiyar da ke ƙoƙarin haɗa hanyoyin samar da lantarki a ƙasashen Yammacin Afirka.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Former Presidential Adviser, Ex-MD Dangote Cement, Joseph Makoju, dies at 73 |url=https://www.theconclaveng.com/former-presidential-adviser-ex-md-dangote-cement-joseph-makoju-dies-at-73/ |work=The Conclave |date=11 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da girmamawa == Makoju ya kasance mamba a ƙungiyoyi masu sana'a da dama, ciki har da: * Fellow, Nigerian Society of Engineers (FNSE) * Fellow, Nigerian Institute of Management (FNIM) * Fellow, Nigerian Academy of Engineering Gwamnatin Najeriya ta karrama shi da lambar yabo ta '''Officer of the Order of the Niger (OON)''' da kuma '''Officer of the Federal Republic (OFR)'''. Ya kuma samu lambar yabo ta musamman daga Jamhuriyar Nijar.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Former MD Of Dangote Group Joseph Makoju Is Dead |url=https://gatekeepersnews.com/2022/04/11/former-md-of-dangote-group-joseph-makoju-is-dead/ |work=Gatekeepers News |date=11 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Rasuwa == Joseph Makoju ya rasu a ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 2022 a Abuja yana da shekaru 73. Mutuwarsa ta jawo alhini daga shugabannin gwamnati, masana'antu da masana harkokin lantarki a Najeriya. Gwamnan Jihar Edo, Godwin Obaseki, ya bayyana shi a matsayin mutum mai muhimmiyar gudummawa ga ci gaban masana'antu da lantarki a ƙasar.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Obaseki Mourns former Dangote Cement MD, Makoju |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2022/04/13/obaseki-mourns-former-dangote-cement-md-makoju/ |work=ThisDay |date=13 April 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1948 births]] [[Category:2022 deaths]] [[Category:Nigerian engineers]] [[Category:Nigerian businesspeople]] [[Category:People from Kogi State]] [[Category:University of Nottingham alumni]] [[Category:Dangote Group people]] [[Category:Recipients of Nigerian national honours]] 9anuf78i34k0m2xs2qlfth5nn7vmbax 0 153353 843167 2026-05-30T06:55:06Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | suna = Dynamic Sporting Solutions Football Club | gajeren_suna = DSS FC | cikakken_suna = Dynamic Sporting Solutions Football Club | kafa = 2011 | ƙasa = Najeriya | birni = Kaduna, Jihar Kaduna | filin_wasa = Ahmadu Bello Stadium | gasa = Nigeria National League }} '''Dynamic Sporting Solutions Football Club''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''DSS FC''') ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Najeriya da ke da hedikwata a birnin Kaduna, Jihar Kaduna. An kafa ƙungiya... 843167 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | suna = Dynamic Sporting Solutions Football Club | gajeren_suna = DSS FC | cikakken_suna = Dynamic Sporting Solutions Football Club | kafa = 2011 | ƙasa = Najeriya | birni = Kaduna, Jihar Kaduna | filin_wasa = Ahmadu Bello Stadium | gasa = Nigeria National League }} '''Dynamic Sporting Solutions Football Club''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''DSS FC''') ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Najeriya da ke da hedikwata a birnin Kaduna, Jihar Kaduna. An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2011 da manufar ganowa, horarwa da bunƙasa matasan 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa domin samar musu da damar taka leda a matakin ƙwararru. Kulob ɗin ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da suka fi mayar da hankali kan haɓaka matasan 'yan wasa a arewacin Najeriya. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Dynamic-Sporting-Solutions-DSS-Football-Club/44297 |title=Dynamic Sporting Solutions (DSS) Football Club |website=Finelib Nigeria |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Dynamic Sporting Solutions Football Club a shekarar 2011 a Kaduna. Tun bayan kafuwarsa, kulob ɗin ya mai da hankali wajen gano hazikan matasa masu basirar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa tare da ba su horo na zamani da damar shiga gasa a cikin gida da wajen Najeriya. DSS FC ya fara samun karɓuwa a matakin ƙasa bayan nasarorin da matasan kulob ɗin suka samu a gasannin ci gaban matasa. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Dynamic-Sporting-Solutions-DSS-Football-Club/44297 |title=Dynamic Sporting Solutions (DSS) Football Club |website=Finelib Nigeria |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Ci gaban matasa == DSS FC ya yi suna wajen bunƙasa matasan 'yan wasa. Daya daga cikin manyan nasarorin kulob ɗin shi ne lokacin da tawagar 'yan kasa da shekara 19 (U-19) ta lashe gasar matasa ta '''Dana Cup''' a ƙasar Denmark, abin da ya taimaka wajen jawo hankalin masu bibiyar ci gaban matasan 'yan wasa daga sassa daban-daban na duniya. Wannan nasara ta ƙara tabbatar da matsayin kulob ɗin a matsayin cibiyar haɓaka matasa a Najeriya. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Dynamic-Sporting-Solutions-DSS-Football-Club/44297 |title=Dynamic Sporting Solutions (DSS) Football Club |website=Finelib Nigeria |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Filin wasa == Ƙungiyar na amfani da filayen da ke cikin harabar '''Ahmadu Bello Stadium''' da ke Kaduna wajen gudanar da atisaye da kuma wasu daga cikin wasanninta. Wurin ya kasance cibiyar gudanar da harkokin kulob ɗin tun bayan kafuwarsa. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Dynamic-Sporting-Solutions-DSS-Football-Club/44297 |title=Dynamic Sporting Solutions (DSS) Football Club |website=Finelib Nigeria |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Gasanni == DSS FC ya taba shiga gasar '''Nigeria National League (NNL)''', wadda ita ce mataki na biyu a tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya. Kulob ɗin yana amfani da gasannin cikin gida domin bai wa matasan 'yan wasansa damar samun gogewa kafin su tsallaka zuwa manyan kulob-kulob na cikin gida da na ƙasashen waje. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Dynamic-Sporting-Solutions-DSS-Football-Club/44297 |title=Dynamic Sporting Solutions (DSS) Football Club |website=Finelib Nigeria |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Manufofi == Babban manufar Dynamic Sporting Solutions FC ita ce samar da hanya ga matasan Najeriya masu baiwar ƙwallon ƙafa domin su samu ingantaccen horo, ilimi da kuma damar kaiwa matakin ƙwararru. Kulob ɗin yana aiki ne ta hanyar shirye-shiryen horo, gasa da kuma haɗin gwiwa da masu neman hazikan 'yan wasa daga sassa daban-daban na duniya. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Dynamic-Sporting-Solutions-DSS-Football-Club/44297 |title=Dynamic Sporting Solutions (DSS) Football Club |website=Finelib Nigeria |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [http://dynamicsportingsolutions.com/ Shafin yanar gizon DSS FC] [[Category:Kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na Najeriya]] [[Category:Kungiyoyin kwallon kafa da aka kafa a 2011]] [[Category:Wasanni a Jihar Kaduna]] 74ew7z92xh5uyi62r7wwy6oicfa5hbs 0 153354 843168 2026-05-30T06:55:43Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1258675889|Qortem Zer'a]]" 843168 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Qortem Zer'a''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa yamma don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a cikin Kogin [[Kogin Wari|Weri'i]] da Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne na ɗan lokaci, galibi yana [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin filayensa, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 34 a kowace kilomita. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi, duk da haka, an rage shi saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse bunds <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa sun tsayar da runoff. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> A kan gangaren da yawa, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Aikin noma da ake ban ruwa == Baya ga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da tafkuna, ban ruwa ya dogara sosai da kwararar kogin. Irin wannan aikin noma da ake ban ruwa yana da mahimmanci wajen biyan bukatun tsaro na abinci da rage talauci. An kafa ƙasashe masu ban ruwa a cikin filayen da ke kusa da kogi, musamman yammacin [[Getski Melesiley]]. == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka a cikin tsaunuka da ƙasƙanci ke cike da amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa gangaren kogin.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == [[Fayil:Addi_Welo_debris_cone.jpg|thumb|Rushewa tare da Qortem Zer'a]] Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin kwandon. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. == Daga sama zuwa ƙasa Tembien == A lokacin da yake tafiya, wannan kogi ya ratsa ta hanyoyi biyu. A sassa daban-daban: * Ruwan ruwa suna cikin Dogu'a Tembien * Yawancin ƙananan filayen suna cikin Kola Tembien[[Kola Tembien|Kola mai zurfi]] == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl}}</ref> * Hanyar '''5''', tare da ɓangaren sama na kogi * Trek '''S3''', tare da ƙananan ɓangaren, mai yiwuwa zuwa Kogin Tekezé A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. A cikin ƙananan ɓangaren, yana iya zama ba zai yiwu a haye kogi a lokacin ruwan sama ba. == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == == Manazarta == sd7uizqqnhs721blytsve3s2a22ulro 843169 843168 2026-05-30T06:56:20Z Pharouqenr 25549 843169 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Qortem Zer'a''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa yamma don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a cikin Kogin [[Kogin Wari|Weri'i]] da Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne na ɗan lokaci, galibi yana [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin filayensa, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 34 a kowace kilomita. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi, duk da haka, an rage shi saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse bunds <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa sun tsayar da runoff. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> A kan gangaren da yawa, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Aikin noma da ake ban ruwa == Baya ga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da tafkuna, ban ruwa ya dogara sosai da kwararar kogin. Irin wannan aikin noma da ake ban ruwa yana da mahimmanci wajen biyan bukatun tsaro na abinci da rage talauci. An kafa ƙasashe masu ban ruwa a cikin filayen da ke kusa da kogi, musamman yammacin [[Getski Melesiley]]. == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka a cikin tsaunuka da ƙasƙanci ke cike da amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa gangaren kogin.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == [[Fayil:Addi_Welo_debris_cone.jpg|thumb|Rushewa tare da Qortem Zer'a]] Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin kwandon. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. == Daga sama zuwa ƙasa Tembien == A lokacin da yake tafiya, wannan kogi ya ratsa ta hanyoyi biyu. A sassa daban-daban: * Ruwan ruwa suna cikin Dogu'a Tembien * Yawancin ƙananan filayen suna cikin Kola Tembien[[Kola Tembien|Kola mai zurfi]] == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl}}</ref> * Hanyar '''5''', tare da ɓangaren sama na kogi * Trek '''S3''', tare da ƙananan ɓangaren, mai yiwuwa zuwa Kogin Tekezé A lokacin ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa na iya faruwa kuma ana ba da shawarar kada a bi kogin. A cikin ƙananan ɓangaren, yana iya zama ba zai yiwu a haye kogi a lokacin ruwan sama ba. == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == == Manazarta == q8ddjxyojbynpypglukgl2ni1fewamt 0 153355 843170 2026-05-30T06:57:01Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1292572463|Ruba Bich'i River]]" 843170 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ruba Bich'i''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa kudu maso gabas don komai kai tsaye a cikin Giba kuma a cikin Kogin Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Ruba Bich'i wani kogi ne na ɗan lokaci, wanda ke ke [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin ƙanƙanin rafi, tare da matsakaicin gangaren mita 38 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A Lafa, Mi'am Atali da sauran gangaren da ke kan tsaunuka, an kafa ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, ƙarancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/7040429/file/7040464 |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == [[Fayil:East_of_Zerfenti.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi game da kwarin Ruba Bich'i daga Zerfenti]] Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka suka mamaye amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa ga kwarin kuma da dare a cikin ƙananan koguna. Gorges suna da kyau sosai a matsayin yankin da ake nufi da su, saboda akwai ruwa da kuma ci gaba mai kyau na tsire-tsire na halitta.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> == Tafiya a gefen kogi == [[Fayil:Footpath_in_Zerfenti_-_at_the_back_Rufa'el_church.jpg|thumb|Tare da tafiya 14 a saman Ruba Bich'i catchment]] An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX. Trek '''14''' da trek '''17''' sun ziyarci saman Ruba Bich'i. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == s7ds1prgo9haacov2jy0r91kz9lfbua 843171 843170 2026-05-30T06:57:23Z Pharouqenr 25549 843171 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ruba Bich'i''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa kudu maso gabas don komai kai tsaye a cikin Giba kuma a cikin Kogin Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Ruba Bich'i wani kogi ne na ɗan lokaci, wanda ke ke [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin ƙanƙanin rafi, tare da matsakaicin gangaren mita 38 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A Lafa, Mi'am Atali da sauran gangaren da ke kan tsaunuka, an kafa ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, ƙarancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/7040429/file/7040464 |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == [[Fayil:East_of_Zerfenti.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi game da kwarin Ruba Bich'i daga Zerfenti]] Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka suka mamaye amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa ga kwarin kuma da dare a cikin ƙananan koguna. Gorges suna da kyau sosai a matsayin yankin da ake nufi da su, saboda akwai ruwa da kuma ci gaba mai kyau na tsire-tsire na halitta.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> == Tafiya a gefen kogi == [[Fayil:Footpath_in_Zerfenti_-_at_the_back_Rufa'el_church.jpg|thumb|Tare da tafiya 14 a saman Ruba Bich'i catchment]] An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX. Trek '''14''' da trek '''17''' sun ziyarci saman Ruba Bich'i. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == jebhh1opr474sigo2haetkgcm64rglf 0 153356 843172 2026-05-30T06:58:08Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350672393|Semliki River]]" 843172 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:River_semliki.png|thumb|Bayyanar jirgin sama na Kogin Semliki]] '''Kogin Semliki''' ( [[Faransanci]] : ''Rivière Semliki'' ) babban kogi ne, {{Convert|140|km|mi}} tsayi, a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC) da [[Uganda]] a [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Tsakiya]] da [[Gabashin Afirka]] . Tana kwarara arewa daga [[Tafkin Edward]] a Yankin Beni, Nord-Kivu, DRC ta kauce wa Dutsen Rwenzori a Dama (Gabas), tana kwarara zuwa [[Tafkin Albert (Africa)|Tafkin Albert]] a cikin [[Kyautar Albertine|Rift na Albertine]], Yankin Irumu, Lardin Ituri, DRC tana kallon Dutsen Blue a hagu a yamma. Bakinta yana kusa da Katolingo a cikin ƙaramin gundumar Kanara, gundumar Ntoroko, [[Uganda]] . <ref name="Google Maps">{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=Google Maps |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=-0.140278,29.601111&spn=0.1,0.1&t=m&q=-0.140278,29.601111 |access-date=17 January 2013}}</ref> A gefen ƙasan ta, tana tafiya sosai tana samar da wani ɓangare na iyakar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin DRC da gundumomin yammacin Uganda na Bundibugyo da Ntoroko, kusa da [[Semuliki National Park|wurin shakatawa na Semuliki]] . <ref name="Google Maps" /> [[Fayil:View_of_Semliki_River_in_DRC_from_Uganda_-_1_Feb_2020.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi na Kogin Semiliki a cikin DRC]] Ƙarin dusar ƙanƙara daga Rwenzoris, wuce gona da iri, da sauran canje-canje ga ruwa sun haifar da rushewar banki da sauye-sauye akai-akai ga hanyar da ke ƙasa da [[Korama|kogin]].<ref name="GRID-Arendal" /> A wasu wurare, Uganda tana rasa har zuwa mita 10 (33 na ƙasa a kowace shekara a gefen kogin zuwa rushewa da yashi daga Semliki yana cikawa a hankali a kudancin Lake Albert . A wasu wurare, DRC ce ke rasa yankin yayin da canjin kogin ke canza wurin iyakar. == Hanyar da ake ciki == [[Fayil:River-semliki-uganda.jpg|thumb|Kogin semliki - Yankin zuwa [[Uganda]] da DRC- tsawon kilomita 140, a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC) da Uganda a [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Tsakiya]] da [[Gabashin Afirka]]. Ƙarin narkewar dusar ƙanƙara daga Rwenzoris, wuce gona da iri, da sauran canje-canje ga ruwa sun haifar da rushewar banki da sauye-sauye akai-akai ga hanyar da ke ƙasa da kogi]] Semliki ya fara ne a kusa da Ishango (DRC) a arewacin ƙarshen Tafkin Edward kuma nan da nan ya shiga Virunga National Park, ta hanyar da yake gudana a kan yawancin abubuwan da ke sama. Hanyar A-109 tsakanin Mpondwe (Uganda) da Beni (DRC) tana [[wiktionary:right bank|dama]], wani lokacin kusa kuma wani lokacin a nesa, yayin da kogin ke ratsa wurin shakatawa. Kadan kudu maso gabashin Beni, kogin ya wuce karkashin hanyar A-109 kuma ya ci gaba da arewa. A wannan lokacin, rafin yana yammacin Dutsen Baker (Kiyanja) a cikin Rwenzori Mountains National Park a Uganda . <ref name="Google Maps">{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=Google Maps |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=-0.140278,29.601111&spn=0.1,0.1&t=m&q=-0.140278,29.601111 |access-date=17 January 2013}}</ref> == Mutane == Manyan kabilun biyu a yankin sune Mutanen Amba (Baamba, Bwamba) da Bakonjo (Konjo). <ref name="Chege">{{Cite web |last=Chege |first=Florence |display-authors=etal |year=2002 |title=Kibale and Semuliki Conservation and Development Project |url=http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/kscdp_final.pdf |access-date=18 January 2013 |publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) |pages=21&ndash;22}}</ref> Mutanen da ke cikin kwarin Semliki sun haɗa da Batuku, masu kiwon shanu waɗanda garken su ke kiwo a wuraren ciyawa a gefen kogi.<ref name="WWF">{{Cite web |title=Semuliki River Catchment and Water Resources Management |url=http://wwf.panda.org/who_we_are/wwf_offices/kenya/solutions/index.cfm?uProjectID=9F0822 |access-date=18 January 2013 |publisher=WWF}}</ref> Ƙananan yawan Batwa (pygmies), waɗanda a al'adance sun kasance masu farauta da masu tara gandun daji, suma suna zaune a kwarin.<ref name="Chege" /> == Tsire-tsire da dabbobi == Gidan shakatawa na Semuliki, gandun daji yayi kama da na [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. ''Cynometra alexandri'', nau'in bishiyoyi na wurare masu zafi, ya mamaye amma an haɗa shi da wasu bishiyoyi da tsire-tsire masu laushi. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a cikin wannan gandun daji na wurare masu zafi yana da matsakaicin 1,500 millimeters (59 in). <ref name="Chege">{{Cite web |last=Chege |first=Florence |display-authors=etal |year=2002 |title=Kibale and Semuliki Conservation and Development Project |url=http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/kscdp_final.pdf |access-date=18 January 2013 |publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) |pages=21&ndash;22}}</ref> Fiye da nau'in tsuntsaye 400, gami da gandun daji, Sassi's olive greenbul, da nau'ikan hornbill tara suna yawan zuwa wurin shakatawa, kamar yadda fiye da nau'o'in malam buɗe ido 490 ke yi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Species Records and Additions &#124; Semuliki National Park &#124; semulikibutterflies |url=https://www.semulikibutterflies.com/species-records-additions |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117163740/https://www.semulikibutterflies.com/species-records-additions |archive-date=2023-01-17 |access-date=2023-01-17}}</ref> Daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa a cikin wurin shakatawa akwai giwaye, [[damisa]], cat na zinariya na Afirka, buffalo, Hippopotami, duikers, da pygmy-tailed flying squirrels.<ref name="Chege">{{Cite web |last=Chege |first=Florence |display-authors=etal |year=2002 |title=Kibale and Semuliki Conservation and Development Project |url=http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/kscdp_final.pdf |access-date=18 January 2013 |publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) |pages=21&ndash;22}}</ref> A kan hanyarsa, Semliki ya faɗi kusan {{Cvt|300|m|ft|-2}} m (1,000 ta hanyar jerin rapids, kuma wannan ya ware nau'in kifin Lake Edward, da yawa daga cikinsu ba a samu a wani wuri ba, daga waɗanda aka samu a cikin Lake Albert (kuma saboda haka Nilu). == Manazarta == jjt4j162zdni4z0i2hv9aqlxvqur1uw 843174 843172 2026-05-30T06:58:27Z Pharouqenr 25549 843174 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:River_semliki.png|thumb|Bayyanar jirgin sama na Kogin Semliki]] '''Kogin Semliki''' ( [[Faransanci]] : ''Rivière Semliki'' ) babban kogi ne, {{Convert|140|km|mi}} tsayi, a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC) da [[Uganda]] a [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Tsakiya]] da [[Gabashin Afirka]] . Tana kwarara arewa daga [[Tafkin Edward]] a Yankin Beni, Nord-Kivu, DRC ta kauce wa Dutsen Rwenzori a Dama (Gabas), tana kwarara zuwa [[Tafkin Albert (Africa)|Tafkin Albert]] a cikin [[Kyautar Albertine|Rift na Albertine]], Yankin Irumu, Lardin Ituri, DRC tana kallon Dutsen Blue a hagu a yamma. Bakinta yana kusa da Katolingo a cikin ƙaramin gundumar Kanara, gundumar Ntoroko, [[Uganda]] . <ref name="Google Maps">{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=Google Maps |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=-0.140278,29.601111&spn=0.1,0.1&t=m&q=-0.140278,29.601111 |access-date=17 January 2013}}</ref> A gefen ƙasan ta, tana tafiya sosai tana samar da wani ɓangare na iyakar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin DRC da gundumomin yammacin Uganda na Bundibugyo da Ntoroko, kusa da [[Semuliki National Park|wurin shakatawa na Semuliki]] . <ref name="Google Maps" /> [[Fayil:View_of_Semliki_River_in_DRC_from_Uganda_-_1_Feb_2020.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi na Kogin Semiliki a cikin DRC]] Ƙarin dusar ƙanƙara daga Rwenzoris, wuce gona da iri, da sauran canje-canje ga ruwa sun haifar da rushewar banki da sauye-sauye akai-akai ga hanyar da ke ƙasa da [[Korama|kogin]].<ref name="GRID-Arendal" /> A wasu wurare, Uganda tana rasa har zuwa mita 10 (33 na ƙasa a kowace shekara a gefen kogin zuwa rushewa da yashi daga Semliki yana cikawa a hankali a kudancin Lake Albert . A wasu wurare, DRC ce ke rasa yankin yayin da canjin kogin ke canza wurin iyakar. == Hanyar da ake ciki == [[Fayil:River-semliki-uganda.jpg|thumb|Kogin semliki - Yankin zuwa [[Uganda]] da DRC- tsawon kilomita 140, a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] (DRC) da Uganda a [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Tsakiya]] da [[Gabashin Afirka]]. Ƙarin narkewar dusar ƙanƙara daga Rwenzoris, wuce gona da iri, da sauran canje-canje ga ruwa sun haifar da rushewar banki da sauye-sauye akai-akai ga hanyar da ke ƙasa da kogi]] Semliki ya fara ne a kusa da Ishango (DRC) a arewacin ƙarshen Tafkin Edward kuma nan da nan ya shiga Virunga National Park, ta hanyar da yake gudana a kan yawancin abubuwan da ke sama. Hanyar A-109 tsakanin Mpondwe (Uganda) da Beni (DRC) tana [[wiktionary:right bank|dama]], wani lokacin kusa kuma wani lokacin a nesa, yayin da kogin ke ratsa wurin shakatawa. Kadan kudu maso gabashin Beni, kogin ya wuce karkashin hanyar A-109 kuma ya ci gaba da arewa. A wannan lokacin, rafin yana yammacin Dutsen Baker (Kiyanja) a cikin Rwenzori Mountains National Park a Uganda . <ref name="Google Maps">{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=Google Maps |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=-0.140278,29.601111&spn=0.1,0.1&t=m&q=-0.140278,29.601111 |access-date=17 January 2013}}</ref> == Mutane == Manyan kabilun biyu a yankin sune Mutanen Amba (Baamba, Bwamba) da Bakonjo (Konjo). <ref name="Chege">{{Cite web |last=Chege |first=Florence |display-authors=etal |year=2002 |title=Kibale and Semuliki Conservation and Development Project |url=http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/kscdp_final.pdf |access-date=18 January 2013 |publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) |pages=21&ndash;22}}</ref> Mutanen da ke cikin kwarin Semliki sun haɗa da Batuku, masu kiwon shanu waɗanda garken su ke kiwo a wuraren ciyawa a gefen kogi.<ref name="WWF">{{Cite web |title=Semuliki River Catchment and Water Resources Management |url=http://wwf.panda.org/who_we_are/wwf_offices/kenya/solutions/index.cfm?uProjectID=9F0822 |access-date=18 January 2013 |publisher=WWF}}</ref> Ƙananan yawan Batwa (pygmies), waɗanda a al'adance sun kasance masu farauta da masu tara gandun daji, suma suna zaune a kwarin.<ref name="Chege" /> == Tsire-tsire da dabbobi == Gidan shakatawa na Semuliki, gandun daji yayi kama da na [[Kogin Congo|Kogin Kongo]]. ''Cynometra alexandri'', nau'in bishiyoyi na wurare masu zafi, ya mamaye amma an haɗa shi da wasu bishiyoyi da tsire-tsire masu laushi. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a cikin wannan gandun daji na wurare masu zafi yana da matsakaicin 1,500 millimeters (59 in). <ref name="Chege">{{Cite web |last=Chege |first=Florence |display-authors=etal |year=2002 |title=Kibale and Semuliki Conservation and Development Project |url=http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/kscdp_final.pdf |access-date=18 January 2013 |publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) |pages=21&ndash;22}}</ref> Fiye da nau'in tsuntsaye 400, gami da gandun daji, Sassi's olive greenbul, da nau'ikan hornbill tara suna yawan zuwa wurin shakatawa, kamar yadda fiye da nau'o'in malam buɗe ido 490 ke yi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Species Records and Additions &#124; Semuliki National Park &#124; semulikibutterflies |url=https://www.semulikibutterflies.com/species-records-additions |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117163740/https://www.semulikibutterflies.com/species-records-additions |archive-date=2023-01-17 |access-date=2023-01-17}}</ref> Daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa a cikin wurin shakatawa akwai giwaye, [[damisa]], cat na zinariya na Afirka, buffalo, Hippopotami, duikers, da pygmy-tailed flying squirrels.<ref name="Chege">{{Cite web |last=Chege |first=Florence |display-authors=etal |year=2002 |title=Kibale and Semuliki Conservation and Development Project |url=http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/kscdp_final.pdf |access-date=18 January 2013 |publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) |pages=21&ndash;22}}</ref> A kan hanyarsa, Semliki ya faɗi kusan {{Cvt|300|m|ft|-2}} m (1,000 ta hanyar jerin rapids, kuma wannan ya ware nau'in kifin Lake Edward, da yawa daga cikinsu ba a samu a wani wuri ba, daga waɗanda aka samu a cikin Lake Albert (kuma saboda haka Nilu). == Manazarta == 5wpz6p7mdybak2m7mot9edq5hc8ci09 0 153357 843173 2026-05-30T06:58:17Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | suna = Nigeria School Sports Federation | gajarta = NSSF | iri = Hukumar wasannin makarantu | hedkwata = Abuja, Najeriya | yanki = Najeriya | shugaba = Olabisi Joseph | harshe = Turanci | yanar_gizo = https://www.nssfsports.org }} '''Nigeria School Sports Federation''' ('''NSSF''') kungiya ce ta kasa da ke da alhakin tsara, bunkasa da kuma gudanar da wasannin makarantu a Najeriya. Kungiyar tana aiki ne wajen gano hazikan 'yan wasa daga matakin firamare... 843173 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | suna = Nigeria School Sports Federation | gajarta = NSSF | iri = Hukumar wasannin makarantu | hedkwata = Abuja, Najeriya | yanki = Najeriya | shugaba = Olabisi Joseph | harshe = Turanci | yanar_gizo = https://www.nssfsports.org }} '''Nigeria School Sports Federation''' ('''NSSF''') kungiya ce ta kasa da ke da alhakin tsara, bunkasa da kuma gudanar da wasannin makarantu a Najeriya. Kungiyar tana aiki ne wajen gano hazikan 'yan wasa daga matakin firamare da sakandare tare da samar musu hanyoyin bunkasa kwarewarsu a fannoni daban-daban na wasanni. Haka kuma, NSSF tana amfani da wasanni a matsayin wata hanya ta karfafa tarbiyya, jagoranci, hadin kai da lafiyar jiki a tsakanin dalibai a fadin kasar Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nssfsports.org/about/ |title=About – Nigeria School Sport Federation |publisher=Nigeria School Sport Federation |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa kungiyar ne domin samar da tsari guda na gudanar da wasannin makarantu a Najeriya bayan shekaru da dama da jihohi da yankuna daban-daban ke gudanar da shirye-shiryen wasanninsu ba tare da wata hukuma ta kasa da ke hada kai ba. Rahotanni sun nuna cewa tun daga shekarun 1950 zuwa 1960, makarantu sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da fitattun 'yan wasa da suka wakilci jihohi da Najeriya a gasannin cikin gida da na kasa da kasa. NSSF ta gaji wannan al'ada tare da mayar da hankali kan gano da raya hazaka daga matakin makaranta.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://nigeriannewsdirect.com/nigeria-school-sports-federation-a-veritable-asset-for-nigeria-sports-development/ |title=Nigeria School Sports Federation: A veritable asset for Nigeria Sports Development |work=Nigerian NewsDirect |date=14 Mayu 2024 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Manufofi == Babban manufar NSSF ita ce bunkasa wasannin makarantu a matsayin hanya ta gano sabbin 'yan wasa da kuma samar da kyakkyawan yanayi ga ci gaban matasa. Kungiyar tana shirya gasa da horo tare da karfafa hadin gwiwa tsakanin makarantu, malamai da hukumomin wasanni domin tabbatar da cewa dalibai suna samun damar shiga harkokin wasanni cikin tsari da kwarewa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nssfsports.org/ |title=Nigeria School Sport Federation – Discovering The Champion In Every Child |publisher=NSSF |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Jagoranci == A shekarar 2024, an sake zaben '''Olabisi Joseph''' a matsayin shugabar kungiyar karo na biyu bayan amincewar wakilai daga jihohi 27 da Babban Birnin Tarayya Abuja. A karkashin jagorancinta, kungiyar ta kara fadada ayyukanta tare da mayar da Najeriya cikin harkokin wasannin makarantu na duniya ta hanyar halartar gasanni da shirye-shiryen da ƙungiyar International School Sport Federation (ISF) ke gudanarwa.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/nigeria-school-sports-federation-re-elects-president/ |title=Nigeria School Sports Federation re-elects president |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=31 Janairu 2024 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Ayyuka da shirye-shirye == NSSF tana gudanar da gasanni daban-daban na makarantu a matakin jihohi da kasa. Haka kuma tana aiki tare da hukumomin ilimi da wasanni wajen horar da malamai da masu koyarwa domin su iya gano da bunkasa hazikan dalibai. A shekarar 2026, kungiyar tare da hadin gwiwar Kwamitin Olympics na Najeriya (NOC) sun gudanar da shirye-shiryen horas da malamai a jihohi daban-daban domin inganta gano hazaka da koyar da dabarun wasanni na zamani a makarantu.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thecable.ng/nigeria-school-sports-federation-trains-teachers-on-identifying-developing-young-athletes/ |title=Nigeria School Sports Federation trains teachers on identifying, developing young athletes |work=TheCable |date=12 Mayu 2026 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> Kungiyar ta kuma shirya tarurrukan horaswa da karawa juna sani ga jami'an wasannin makarantu daga jihohin Najeriya domin karfafa shugabanci da gudanarwa a harkokin wasannin makarantu. Wadannan shirye-shiryen suna taimakawa wajen inganta hanyoyin gano hazaka da kuma tsara gasanni cikin kwarewa.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://punchng.com/nssf-boosts-school-sports-leadership/ |title=NSSF boosts school sports leadership |work=Punch Newspapers |date=21 Fabrairu 2026 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Haɗin gwiwa == NSSF tana hada kai da kungiyoyi da hukumomi daban-daban domin bunkasa wasannin makarantu. A shekarar 2025, Hukumar Wasanni ta Kasa (National Sports Commission) ta bayyana goyon bayanta ga shirye-shiryen kungiyar na gano da bunkasa hazaka daga matakin makaranta, tare da jaddada muhimmancin makarantu wajen gina tushen ci gaban wasanni a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nssfsports.org/nsc-pledges-support-to-nssf/ |title=NSC pledges support to NSSF |publisher=Nigeria School Sport Federation |date=15 Janairu 2025 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> Har ila yau, kungiyar ta yaba da rawar da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu ke takawa wajen gano sabbin 'yan wasa. A shekarar 2026, NSSF ta yaba wa shirin MTN Champs saboda taimakonsa wajen gano matasa masu hazaka daga makarantu daban-daban a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://punchng.com/sport-federation-lauds-mtn-for-breeding-young-athletes/ |title=Sport federation lauds MTN for breeding young athletes |work=Punch Newspapers |date=12 Maris 2026 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Muhimmanci == Masana harkokin wasanni suna kallon NSSF a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin samar da sabbin 'yan wasa a Najeriya. Ta hanyar shirya gasanni da ayyukan bunkasa matasa a makarantu, kungiyar tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da 'yan wasa masu tasowa da za su iya wakiltar Najeriya a manyan gasanni na kasa da kasa a nan gaba.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://nigeriannewsdirect.com/nigeria-school-sports-federation-a-veritable-asset-for-nigeria-sports-development/ |title=Nigeria School Sports Federation: A veritable asset for Nigeria Sports Development |work=Nigerian NewsDirect |date=14 Mayu 2024 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[National Sports Commission]] * [[Nigeria Olympic Committee]] * [[Wasanni a Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kungiyoyin wasanni na Najeriya]] [[Category:Wasanni a Najeriya]] [[Category:Ilimi a Najeriya]] [[Category:Kungiyoyin wasanni da aka kafa a Najeriya]] 52t8smzx06q0nf8nqevie9q4dfq55so 0 153358 843175 2026-05-30T06:58:57Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259023354|Shimbula]]" 843175 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shimbula''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa kudu maso yamma don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a Giba da Kogin Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne mai ƙuntataccen lokaci, wanda ke ke [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin ƙanƙanin rafi, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 38 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi, duk da haka, an rage shi saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A kan gangaren da ke da tsawo, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Mekelle Dolerite * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX. Trek '''23''' ya bi rabuwa da ruwa, daidai da kogi, kuma yana ba da ra'ayoyi masu kyau a kan kwarin Shimbula. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == 4tim2zyevhk4pqm542jbxksyhyasamb 843177 843175 2026-05-30T06:59:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 843177 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shimbula''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa kudu maso yamma don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a Giba da Kogin Tekezé. [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne mai ƙuntataccen lokaci, wanda ke ke [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin ƙanƙanin rafi, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 38 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi, duk da haka, an rage shi saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A kan gangaren da ke da tsawo, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Mekelle Dolerite * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX. Trek '''23''' ya bi rabuwa da ruwa, daidai da kogi, kuma yana ba da ra'ayoyi masu kyau a kan kwarin Shimbula. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == t487sl0at53u14aapmxwgdxw2bwe804 0 153359 843176 2026-05-30T06:58:59Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Joshua Uzoigwe | birth_date = {{birth date|1946|7|1}} | birth_place = Umuahia, Jihar Abia, Najeriya | death_date = {{death date and age|2005|10|15|1946|7|1}} | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Mawaki, masanin ilimin kiɗan al'adu (Ethnomusicologist), malamin jami'a | known_for = African Pianism, bincike kan kiɗan gargajiyar Igbo | alma_mater = University of Nigeria, Nsukka; Guildhall School of Music and Drama; Queen's University Belfast }}... 843176 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Joshua Uzoigwe | birth_date = {{birth date|1946|7|1}} | birth_place = Umuahia, Jihar Abia, Najeriya | death_date = {{death date and age|2005|10|15|1946|7|1}} | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Mawaki, masanin ilimin kiɗan al'adu (Ethnomusicologist), malamin jami'a | known_for = African Pianism, bincike kan kiɗan gargajiyar Igbo | alma_mater = University of Nigeria, Nsukka; Guildhall School of Music and Drama; Queen's University Belfast }} '''Joshua Uzoigwe''' (1 Yuli 1946 – 15 Oktoba 2005) fitaccen mawakin kiɗan gargajiya da na zamani ne na Najeriya, kuma ƙwararren masanin ilimin kiɗan al'adu (ethnomusicologist). Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu haɓaka tsarin ''African Pianism'', wata hanya ta haɗa salon kiɗan Afirka da na Turai cikin waƙoƙin piano da sauran kayan kiɗa. Yawancin ayyukansa sun samo asali ne daga kiɗan gargajiyar kabilar Igbo ta kudu maso gabashin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nartmusic.studio/2023/07/01/remembering-joshua-uzoigwe/ |title=Remembering Joshua Uzoigwe |website=Nigeria Arts and Music Project |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/03/encounter-prof-joshua-uzoigwe-exponent-african-pianism/ |title=Encounter with Prof Joshua Uzoigwe, exponent of African pianism |work=Vanguard News |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Joshua Uzoigwe a garin Umuahia da ke jihar Abia a ranar 1 Yuli 1946. Ya fara karatunsa a makarantar firamare ta Umuagu kafin ya shiga King's College da ke Lagos. Daga baya ya yi karatun gaba da sakandare a International School Ibadan, inda ya fara nuna ƙwarewa a fannin kiɗa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://africandiasporamusicproject.org/compser/joshua-uzoigwe |title=Joshua Uzoigwe |publisher=African Diaspora Music Project |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Daga shekarar 1970 zuwa 1973 ya yi karatun kiɗa a Jami'ar Najeriya da ke Nsukka. Bayan haka ya tafi Birtaniya inda ya kammala digirin farko a Guildhall School of Music and Drama da ke London tsakanin 1973 da 1977. Daga nan ya ci gaba da karatun digiri na biyu da digirin digirgir (PhD) a fannin Ethnomusicology a Queen's University Belfast, inda ya kammala a shekarar 1981.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://transculturalvisions.com/singing-cultures-home/the-journey/the-composers/ |title=The Composers: Joshua Uzoigwe |publisher=Transcultural Visions |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aseatatthepiano.com/composers/joshua-uzoigwe |title=Joshua Uzoigwe |publisher=A Seat at the Piano |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Bayan kammala karatunsa a Turai, Uzoigwe ya dawo Najeriya inda ya koyar da kiɗa a jami'o'i da dama. Ya yi aiki a: * Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo (Ile-Ife) * Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka * Jami'ar Uyo A Jami'ar Uyo ya kai matsayin Mataimakin Farfesa kuma ya jagoranci Sashen Kiɗa na jami'ar na tsawon shekaru da dama.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://transculturalvisions.com/singing-cultures-home/the-journey/the-composers/ |title=The Composers: Joshua Uzoigwe |publisher=Transcultural Visions |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ayyukan binc 0loyj9j4cwg3vof52wsc496e3q87lwn 0 153360 843178 2026-05-30T06:59:18Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353173523|Farouk Gaafar]]" 843178 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farouk Gaafar''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Oktoba 1952) manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Masar kuma tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] . Ana yi masa laƙabi da "Roo'a" kuma '''Sarkin Midfield''' ( Arabic ), ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] na Zamalek da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar . Ya kasance ɗan wasan tsakiya mai hazaka, koyaushe yana cikin jerin 'yan wasan farko na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa. Gaafar ya kammala a matsayi na bakwai a cikin gwarzon [[Gwarzon ɗan Wasan Ƙwallon Ƙafar Afirka na Shekara|ɗan wasan Afirka na shekara]], wanda ''France Football'' ta lashe a shekarar 1975 kuma ya zo na takwas a shekarar 1977. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pierrend, José Luis |date=14 February 2000 |title=African Player of the Year 1975 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/afrpoy75.html |access-date=7 August 2009 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> Bayan ritayarsa, Gaafar ya jagoranci Masar a shekarun 1996 da 1997 sannan daga baya ya jagoranci ƙungiyar [[Tala'a El Gaish SC|El Geish]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Said, Tarek |date=23 November 2006 |title=Egyptian National Team Coaches |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/egy-coach-triv.html |access-date=7 August 2009 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Strack-Zimmermann |first=Benjamin |title=Farouk Gaafar (Player) |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/33123/Farouk_Gaafar.html |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=www.national-football-teams.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Farouk Fouad Gaafar a Mounira, [[Kairo|Alkahira]] a ranar 29 ga Oktoba, 1952. Asalinsa daga [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] ne a Upper Egypt . Kakansa ya yi ƙaura zuwa Alkahira bayan gina [[Babban madatsar ruwa ta Aswan|Babban Madatsar Ruwa]] . Yana da 'yan'uwa maza da mata 10. A shekarar 1963, a titunan unguwar El-Munira, ɗan leƙen asiri na Zamalek, Ibrahim Abdel-Rahman, ya ga Gaafar yana wasa kuma ya sanya shi cikin ƙungiyar matasa ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 14 ta Zamalek ba tare da sanin iyalinsa ba bayan ya sami takardar shaidar shiri daga Makarantar Manial El-Rawda. Bayan haka, ya shiga Makarantar Sakandare ta Ƙasa a Manial. Gaafar yana da digiri na farko a fannin ilimin motsa jiki . == Aikin kulob == [[Fayil:Zamalek_SC_team_1975.jpg|alt=Zamalek SC team 1975|left|thumb|230x230px|Gaafar (layin gaba, da farko daga dama) tare da tawagar Zamalek, wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin Masar ta 1975]] [[Fayil:T_Basry,_F_Gaafar_&_H_Shehata.jpg|alt=T Basry, F Gaafar & H Shehata|left|thumb|230x230px|Gaafar (tsakiyar), [[Hassan Shehata]] da Taha Basry tare da Zamalek a 1978]] Farouk Gaafar ya buga wasa a ƙungiyar matasa ta Zamalek tun daga shekarar 1963, ya buga wasa na tsawon shekaru shida kafin a zaɓe shi a ƙungiyar farko, ya yi horo a ƙarƙashin manyan masu horarwa kamar Hilal Qadri, Hamada El-Sharkawy, da Samir Qotb . Ya buga wasa a ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Masar kafin ya buga wa ƙungiyar farko wasa, yayin da aka dakatar da gasar Masar, kuma ba a ci gaba da gasar ba sai a kakar wasa ta 1971-72. A shekarar 1969, lokacin yana ɗan shekara 17, Zamalek ya buga wasa da El Sekka, kuma Zamalek ya gaza da kwallaye biyu, kuma Gaafar ya buga wasa a rabi na biyu, kuma Zamalek ya zira kwallaye uku tare da Gaafar ya zira kwallaye biyu. Bayan haka, ya shiga ƙungiyar farko ya buga wasansa na farko da Factory 36, kuma Zamalek ya lashe kwallaye huɗu, kuma Farouk ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasansa na farko na hukuma. A gaban Ghazl El Mahalla, ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan baya na dama maimakon Yakan Hussein . Gaafar ya shahara a duk faɗin Masar bayan wasan Cairo na 1972 wanda Zamalek ta doke Al Ahly da ci 2-1, kuma alkalin wasa ya ba da bugun fenariti, wanda Gaafar ya zira kwallo, kuma mai tsaron gidan Al Ahly Marwan Kanafani ya nemi magoya bayan Al Ahly su shiga filin wasa. An soke sakamakon gasar 1971-72. Ya buga wa ƙungiyar wasa tsawon shekaru 16 daga 1971 zuwa 1987, an yi masa laƙabi da "Sarkin tsakiya", ya zura kwallaye sama da 53 a raga wa Zamalek a gasar Premier ta Masar. Gaafar ya lashe gasar cin kofin Premier ta Masar da Zamalek sau biyu ( 1977–78, 1983–84 ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=FilGoal |date=29 October 2021 |title=في عيد ميلاده.. ملك النص يحكي كواليس لا تعرفها في مسيرته |url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/421296 |access-date=28 April 2024 |website=FilGoal.com |language=ar}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=الديك |first=محمد |title=من ذكريات القمة فى ديسمبر: إلغاء الدوري بسبب ضربة جزاء للزمالك - سبورت 360 |url=https://arabic.sport360.com/article/arabfootball/%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9/459006/%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%85%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%89-%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%a5%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%a8-%d8%b6%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d8%b2%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83 |access-date=7 May 2024 |website=arabic.sport360.com |language=ar}}</ref> Gaafar ya lashe gasar cin kofin League ta Oktoba (wanda aka gudanar maimakon gasar Premier ta Masar da aka soke) sau ɗaya a 1974. Ya kuma lashe gasar cin kofin Masar sau uku ( 1974–75, 1976–77, 1978–79 ). Gaafar ya yi sa'a ya buga wasa tsakanin tsararrakin Zamalek fiye da ɗaya a rayuwarsa. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan Masar na zamaninsa. [[Fayil:H_Shehata_-_F_Gaafar_(1981).jpg|thumb|210x210px|Gaafar (a hagu) tare da [[Hassan Shehata]] tare da Zamalek a 1981]] A shekarar 1979, Gaafar ya yi ɗan lokaci a New York Cosmos . Bayan da Zamalek ya ƙi amincewa da sanya hannu kan Gaafar zuwa Al Ain FC da ke [[Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa|Emirates]], Gaafar ya yi tafiya zuwa Amurka ya buga wa Cosmos wasa, tunda dokoki sun ba shi damar bugawa a Amurka ba tare da izinin ƙungiyarsa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=العالم قبل كورونا.. فاروق جعفر يروي قصة "ثغرة" أمريكا للرحيل عن الزمالك دون موافقته |url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2620/news/384916/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85-%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%84-%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%86%d8%a7-%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%82-%d8%ac%d8%b9%d9%81%d8%b1-%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%8a-%d9%82%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d8%ab%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a3%d9%85%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83-%d8%af%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%81%d9%82%d8%aa%d9%87 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=www.yallakora.com |language=ar}}</ref> Duk da haka, bayan da dokoki suka canza a shekarar 1980, ya dawo gida ya nemi izini daga Zamalek, amma abin takaici, ƙungiyar ta ƙi, kuma ya bar New York Cosmos ba tare da ma sanya hannu kan kwangila ba ya koma Zamalek. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Farouk Gaafar |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe314907/farouk-gaafar/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=worldfootball.net |language=en}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A matakin nahiyar, Gaafar ya lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka ta 1984 da kuma gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka ta 1986. Gaafar ya zura kwallaye 64 ga Zamalek a dukkan gasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=فتحي الشافعي |date=29 March 2024 |title=شخصيات رياضية لها تاريخ .. فاروق جعفر "ملك النص" ..صاحب اللمسات الساحرة |url=https://m.youm7.com/story/2024/3/29/%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82-%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%81%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA/6522212}}</ref> Gaafar ya yi ritaya a matsayin dan wasa a 1987. An gudanar da wani biki na ritaya a filin wasa na Alkahira, tare da wasan sada zumunci tsakanin Masar da Kuwait a 1988. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Strack-Zimmermann |first=Benjamin |title=Farouk Gaafar (Player) |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/33123/Farouk_Gaafar.html |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=www.national-football-teams.com |language=en}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == [[Fayil:Egypt_National_Football_Team_(1974).jpg|left|thumb|230x230px|Gaafar (wanda ya fara tsayawa daga hagu) tare da Masar a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 1974]] Gaafar ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Masar wasa tsawon shekaru 11 daga 1970 zuwa 1981, ya buga wasanni 62 a ƙasashen waje kuma ya zura kwallaye 7. Ya kasance cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Falasɗinu ta 1972. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palestine Cup 1972-1975 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesp/palestine-cups.html |access-date=10 May 2024 |website=www.rsssf.org}}</ref> Gaafar shi ma yana cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe lambar tagulla a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1973 a Najeriya, kuma ya zira kwallaye a matakin rukuni da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Burkina Faso|Upper Volta]] da kuma wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] . Gaafar yana cikin ƙungiyar da ta zo ta uku a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1974 a Masar. Yana cikin ƙungiyar da ta zo ta huɗu a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1976 a Habasha, sannan kuma ta huɗu a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1980 a Najeriya. Ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1974, kuma an haɗa shi a ƙungiyar mafarki ta CAN ta 1974, sannan kuma ya lashe mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1976, kuma an haɗa shi a ƙungiyar mafarki ta CAN ta 1976. Ya kasance cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Palestine ta 1975. Gaafar ya zo na bakwai a matsayin ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Afirka na shekara ta France Football a 1975, kuma na takwas a matsayin ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Afirka na shekara ta France Football a 1977. == Aikin gudanarwa == Gaafar ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin Zamalek a farkon aikinsa na koyarwa. Aikinsa na farko a matsayin manaja shine a kakar 1990-91 a Gomhoriat Shebin. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin koci a Zamalek na tsawon shekaru biyu daga 1991 zuwa 1993, sannan kakar 1995-96, sannan kuma a matsayin mataimakin koci ga Zamalek. A shekarar 1996, [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Masar|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Masar]] ta nada shi a matsayin babban kocin tawagar kasar Masar tare da Mahmoud El-Khatib a matsayin Manajan Wasanni. Ya yi aiki a matsayin manaja a Baladiyat El Mahalla SC a 1998-99. Ya sake zama mataimakin Zamalek a 1998-99. An nada shi a matsayin mai rikon Zamalek a 1999. Ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu a matsayin manaja a Montakhab El Suez a 2000-2002. Ya kuma jagoranci Ghazl El Mahalla a 2002 kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin Masar . Ya jagoranci [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] a 2002. Sai kuma Al-Riyadh a 2003, da Baladiyat El Mahalla a 2003. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Farouk Gaafar: Information, teams and honours {{!}} BeSoccer |url=https://www.besoccer.com/coach/farouk-gaafar-2787 |access-date=23 November 2024 |website=www.besoccer.com |language=en}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta gaba a Tersana a 2003–2004, Al-Masry a 2005, Suez Cement a 2005–2005, Zamalek a 2006, Tersana a 2008–2013. Ya jagoranci Tala'ea El-Gaish a 2013–2014, Ghazl El Mahalla a 2015–2015. An nada shi a matsayin manaja na kungiyar Al-Ansar ta Lebanon a 2016–2016. Sai kuma El Dakhleya a kakar wasa ta bana. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 March 2024 |title=شخصيات رياضية لها تاريخ .. فاروق جعفر "ملك النص" ..صاحب اللمسات الساحرة |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2024/3/29/%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82-%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%81%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA/6522212 |access-date=23 November 2024 |website=اليوم السابع |language=ar}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 September 2023 |title=فاروق جعفر من النزوح إلى مغازلة كرسي القلعة «بروفايل» |url=https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/2988449}}</ref> == Daraja == === Ɗan wasa === '''Zamalek''' * Gasar Firimiya ta Masar : 1977–78, 1983–84 * Kofin Masar : 1974–75, 1976–77, 1978–79 * Kofin League na Oktoba : 1974 * Kofin Abokantaka na Masar : 1986 * Ƙungiyoyin Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka : 1984, 1986 '''Misira''' * Kofin Kasashen Falasdinu : 1972, 1975 '''Mutum ɗaya''' * Mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1974 * Mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1976 * Ta bakwai a cikin ' [[Gwarzon ɗan Wasan Ƙwallon Ƙafar Afirka na Shekara|yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Afirka na shekara]] daga France Football : 1975 * Takwas a cikin 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Afirka na 8 a shekara daga France Football: 1977 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1952]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] remk6pxjhi5bo35ict2npmohm8frr0q 843180 843178 2026-05-30T06:59:51Z Engineer014 44591 843180 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Farouk Gaafar''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Oktoba 1952) manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Masar kuma tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] . Ana yi masa laƙabi da "Roo'a" kuma '''Sarkin Midfield''' ( Arabic ), ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] na Zamalek da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar . Ya kasance ɗan wasan tsakiya mai hazaka, koyaushe yana cikin jerin 'yan wasan farko na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa. Gaafar ya kammala a matsayi na bakwai a cikin gwarzon [[Gwarzon ɗan Wasan Ƙwallon Ƙafar Afirka na Shekara|ɗan wasan Afirka na shekara]], wanda ''France Football'' ta lashe a shekarar 1975 kuma ya zo na takwas a shekarar 1977. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pierrend, José Luis |date=14 February 2000 |title=African Player of the Year 1975 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/afrpoy75.html |access-date=7 August 2009 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> Bayan ritayarsa, Gaafar ya jagoranci Masar a shekarun 1996 da 1997 sannan daga baya ya jagoranci ƙungiyar [[Tala'a El Gaish SC|El Geish]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Said, Tarek |date=23 November 2006 |title=Egyptian National Team Coaches |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/egy-coach-triv.html |access-date=7 August 2009 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Strack-Zimmermann |first=Benjamin |title=Farouk Gaafar (Player) |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/33123/Farouk_Gaafar.html |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=www.national-football-teams.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Farouk Fouad Gaafar a Mounira, [[Kairo|Alkahira]] a ranar 29 ga Oktoba, 1952. Asalinsa daga [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] ne a Upper Egypt . Kakansa ya yi ƙaura zuwa Alkahira bayan gina [[Babban madatsar ruwa ta Aswan|Babban Madatsar Ruwa]] . Yana da 'yan'uwa maza da mata 10. A shekarar 1963, a titunan unguwar El-Munira, ɗan leƙen asiri na Zamalek, Ibrahim Abdel-Rahman, ya ga Gaafar yana wasa kuma ya sanya shi cikin ƙungiyar matasa ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 14 ta Zamalek ba tare da sanin iyalinsa ba bayan ya sami takardar shaidar shiri daga Makarantar Manial El-Rawda. Bayan haka, ya shiga Makarantar Sakandare ta Ƙasa a Manial. Gaafar yana da digiri na farko a fannin ilimin motsa jiki . == Aikin kulob == [[Fayil:Zamalek_SC_team_1975.jpg|alt=Zamalek SC team 1975|left|thumb|230x230px|Gaafar (layin gaba, da farko daga dama) tare da tawagar Zamalek, wadanda suka lashe gasar cin kofin Masar ta 1975]] [[Fayil:T_Basry,_F_Gaafar_&_H_Shehata.jpg|alt=T Basry, F Gaafar & H Shehata|left|thumb|230x230px|Gaafar (tsakiyar), [[Hassan Shehata]] da Taha Basry tare da Zamalek a 1978]] Farouk Gaafar ya buga wasa a ƙungiyar matasa ta Zamalek tun daga shekarar 1963, ya buga wasa na tsawon shekaru shida kafin a zaɓe shi a ƙungiyar farko, ya yi horo a ƙarƙashin manyan masu horarwa kamar Hilal Qadri, Hamada El-Sharkawy, da Samir Qotb . Ya buga wasa a ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Masar kafin ya buga wa ƙungiyar farko wasa, yayin da aka dakatar da gasar Masar, kuma ba a ci gaba da gasar ba sai a kakar wasa ta 1971-72. A shekarar 1969, lokacin yana ɗan shekara 17, Zamalek ya buga wasa da El Sekka, kuma Zamalek ya gaza da kwallaye biyu, kuma Gaafar ya buga wasa a rabi na biyu, kuma Zamalek ya zira kwallaye uku tare da Gaafar ya zira kwallaye biyu. Bayan haka, ya shiga ƙungiyar farko ya buga wasansa na farko da Factory 36, kuma Zamalek ya lashe kwallaye huɗu, kuma Farouk ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasansa na farko na hukuma. A gaban Ghazl El Mahalla, ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan baya na dama maimakon Yakan Hussein . Gaafar ya shahara a duk faɗin Masar bayan wasan Cairo na 1972 wanda Zamalek ta doke Al Ahly da ci 2-1, kuma alkalin wasa ya ba da bugun fenariti, wanda Gaafar ya zira kwallo, kuma mai tsaron gidan Al Ahly Marwan Kanafani ya nemi magoya bayan Al Ahly su shiga filin wasa. An soke sakamakon gasar 1971-72. Ya buga wa ƙungiyar wasa tsawon shekaru 16 daga 1971 zuwa 1987, an yi masa laƙabi da "Sarkin tsakiya", ya zura kwallaye sama da 53 a raga wa Zamalek a gasar Premier ta Masar. Gaafar ya lashe gasar cin kofin Premier ta Masar da Zamalek sau biyu ( 1977–78, 1983–84 ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=FilGoal |date=29 October 2021 |title=في عيد ميلاده.. ملك النص يحكي كواليس لا تعرفها في مسيرته |url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/421296 |access-date=28 April 2024 |website=FilGoal.com |language=ar}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=الديك |first=محمد |title=من ذكريات القمة فى ديسمبر: إلغاء الدوري بسبب ضربة جزاء للزمالك - سبورت 360 |url=https://arabic.sport360.com/article/arabfootball/%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9/459006/%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%85%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%89-%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%a5%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%a8-%d8%b6%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d8%b2%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83 |access-date=7 May 2024 |website=arabic.sport360.com |language=ar}}</ref> Gaafar ya lashe gasar cin kofin League ta Oktoba (wanda aka gudanar maimakon gasar Premier ta Masar da aka soke) sau ɗaya a 1974. Ya kuma lashe gasar cin kofin Masar sau uku ( 1974–75, 1976–77, 1978–79 ). Gaafar ya yi sa'a ya buga wasa tsakanin tsararrakin Zamalek fiye da ɗaya a rayuwarsa. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan Masar na zamaninsa. [[Fayil:H_Shehata_-_F_Gaafar_(1981).jpg|thumb|210x210px|Gaafar (a hagu) tare da [[Hassan Shehata]] tare da Zamalek a 1981]] A shekarar 1979, Gaafar ya yi ɗan lokaci a New York Cosmos . Bayan da Zamalek ya ƙi amincewa da sanya hannu kan Gaafar zuwa Al Ain FC da ke [[Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa|Emirates]], Gaafar ya yi tafiya zuwa Amurka ya buga wa Cosmos wasa, tunda dokoki sun ba shi damar bugawa a Amurka ba tare da izinin ƙungiyarsa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=العالم قبل كورونا.. فاروق جعفر يروي قصة "ثغرة" أمريكا للرحيل عن الزمالك دون موافقته |url=https://www.yallakora.com/egyptian-league/2620/news/384916/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85-%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%84-%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%86%d8%a7-%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%82-%d8%ac%d8%b9%d9%81%d8%b1-%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%8a-%d9%82%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d8%ab%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a3%d9%85%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83-%d8%af%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%81%d9%82%d8%aa%d9%87 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=www.yallakora.com |language=ar}}</ref> Duk da haka, bayan da dokoki suka canza a shekarar 1980, ya dawo gida ya nemi izini daga Zamalek, amma abin takaici, ƙungiyar ta ƙi, kuma ya bar New York Cosmos ba tare da ma sanya hannu kan kwangila ba ya koma Zamalek. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Farouk Gaafar |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe314907/farouk-gaafar/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=worldfootball.net |language=en}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A matakin nahiyar, Gaafar ya lashe gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka ta 1984 da kuma gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka ta 1986. Gaafar ya zura kwallaye 64 ga Zamalek a dukkan gasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=فتحي الشافعي |date=29 March 2024 |title=شخصيات رياضية لها تاريخ .. فاروق جعفر "ملك النص" ..صاحب اللمسات الساحرة |url=https://m.youm7.com/story/2024/3/29/%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82-%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%81%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA/6522212}}</ref> Gaafar ya yi ritaya a matsayin dan wasa a 1987. An gudanar da wani biki na ritaya a filin wasa na Alkahira, tare da wasan sada zumunci tsakanin Masar da Kuwait a 1988. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Strack-Zimmermann |first=Benjamin |title=Farouk Gaafar (Player) |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/33123/Farouk_Gaafar.html |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=www.national-football-teams.com |language=en}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == [[Fayil:Egypt_National_Football_Team_(1974).jpg|left|thumb|230x230px|Gaafar (wanda ya fara tsayawa daga hagu) tare da Masar a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 1974]] Gaafar ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Masar wasa tsawon shekaru 11 daga 1970 zuwa 1981, ya buga wasanni 62 a ƙasashen waje kuma ya zura kwallaye 7. Ya kasance cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Falasɗinu ta 1972. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palestine Cup 1972-1975 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesp/palestine-cups.html |access-date=10 May 2024 |website=www.rsssf.org}}</ref> Gaafar shi ma yana cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe lambar tagulla a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1973 a Najeriya, kuma ya zira kwallaye a matakin rukuni da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Burkina Faso|Upper Volta]] da kuma wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Najeriya]] . Gaafar yana cikin ƙungiyar da ta zo ta uku a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1974 a Masar. Yana cikin ƙungiyar da ta zo ta huɗu a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1976 a Habasha, sannan kuma ta huɗu a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1980 a Najeriya. Ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1974, kuma an haɗa shi a ƙungiyar mafarki ta CAN ta 1974, sannan kuma ya lashe mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1976, kuma an haɗa shi a ƙungiyar mafarki ta CAN ta 1976. Ya kasance cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Palestine ta 1975. Gaafar ya zo na bakwai a matsayin ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Afirka na shekara ta France Football a 1975, kuma na takwas a matsayin ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Afirka na shekara ta France Football a 1977. == Aikin gudanarwa == Gaafar ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin Zamalek a farkon aikinsa na koyarwa. Aikinsa na farko a matsayin manaja shine a kakar 1990-91 a Gomhoriat Shebin. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin koci a Zamalek na tsawon shekaru biyu daga 1991 zuwa 1993, sannan kakar 1995-96, sannan kuma a matsayin mataimakin koci ga Zamalek. A shekarar 1996, [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Masar|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Masar]] ta nada shi a matsayin babban kocin tawagar kasar Masar tare da Mahmoud El-Khatib a matsayin Manajan Wasanni. Ya yi aiki a matsayin manaja a Baladiyat El Mahalla SC a 1998-99. Ya sake zama mataimakin Zamalek a 1998-99. An nada shi a matsayin mai rikon Zamalek a 1999. Ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu a matsayin manaja a Montakhab El Suez a 2000-2002. Ya kuma jagoranci Ghazl El Mahalla a 2002 kuma ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin Masar . Ya jagoranci [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] a 2002. Sai kuma Al-Riyadh a 2003, da Baladiyat El Mahalla a 2003. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Farouk Gaafar: Information, teams and honours {{!}} BeSoccer |url=https://www.besoccer.com/coach/farouk-gaafar-2787 |access-date=23 November 2024 |website=www.besoccer.com |language=en}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta gaba a Tersana a 2003–2004, Al-Masry a 2005, Suez Cement a 2005–2005, Zamalek a 2006, Tersana a 2008–2013. Ya jagoranci Tala'ea El-Gaish a 2013–2014, Ghazl El Mahalla a 2015–2015. An nada shi a matsayin manaja na kungiyar Al-Ansar ta Lebanon a 2016–2016. Sai kuma El Dakhleya a kakar wasa ta bana. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 March 2024 |title=شخصيات رياضية لها تاريخ .. فاروق جعفر "ملك النص" ..صاحب اللمسات الساحرة |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2024/3/29/%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82-%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%81%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA/6522212 |access-date=23 November 2024 |website=اليوم السابع |language=ar}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 September 2023 |title=فاروق جعفر من النزوح إلى مغازلة كرسي القلعة «بروفايل» |url=https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/2988449}}</ref> == Daraja == === Ɗan wasa === '''Zamalek''' * Gasar Firimiya ta Masar : 1977–78, 1983–84 * Kofin Masar : 1974–75, 1976–77, 1978–79 * Kofin League na Oktoba : 1974 * Kofin Abokantaka na Masar : 1986 * Ƙungiyoyin Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka : 1984, 1986 '''Misira''' * Kofin Kasashen Falasdinu : 1972, 1975 '''Mutum ɗaya''' * Mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1974 * Mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 1976 * Ta bakwai a cikin ' [[Gwarzon ɗan Wasan Ƙwallon Ƙafar Afirka na Shekara|yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Afirka na shekara]] daga France Football : 1975 * Takwas a cikin 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Afirka na 8 a shekara daga France Football: 1977 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1952]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] pg02btnhjn2myxwtuzdhlq5dh6zs3tm 0 153361 843179 2026-05-30T06:59:44Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1258871018|Tsech'i River]]" 843179 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tsech'i''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa yamma don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a Giba da Kogin Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne mai ƙuntataccen lokaci, wanda ke ke [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin ƙanƙanin fili, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 46 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A kan gangaren da ke da tsawo, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x |s2cid=98547102}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka suka mamaye amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa ga kwarin kuma da dare a cikin ƙananan koguna. Gorges suna da kyau sosai a matsayin yankin da ake nufi da su, saboda akwai ruwa da kuma ci gaba mai kyau na tsire-tsire na halitta.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> * Sandstone mai tsananin gaske == Yankin halitta == A lokacin da yake gudana, kogin Tsech'i ya ratsa kananan hukumomi uku (Seret, Menachek kuma a cikin ƙananan hanya shine iyaka tsakanin Menachek da Aregen). == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi.<sup class="mw-ref reference" mwjq="">19&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;publisher&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;SpringerNature&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;isbn&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;9'''7'''-3-030-04954-6<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;url<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;<nowiki>https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030049546&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}</nowiki>]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwASc\"><nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt44\" class=\"citation book cs1\" id=\"mwASg\" data-ve-ignore=\"\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030049546\" id=\"mwASk\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\"><i id=\"mwASo\">Description of trekking routes in Dogu'a Tembien. In: Geo-trekking in Ethiopia's Tropical Mountains - The Dogu'a Tembien District</i></nowiki><nowiki></a></nowiki>. SpringerNature. 2019. <nowiki><a class=\"mw-redirect cx-link\" data-linkid=\"244\" href=\"./ISBN_(identifier)\" id=\"mwASs\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\">ISBN</a></nowiki><nowiki><span id=\"mwASw\" typeof=\"mw:Entity\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><a class=\"cx-link\" data-linkid=\"245\" href=\"./Special:BookSources/978-3-030-04954-6\" id=\"mwAS0\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-3-030-04954-6\"><bdi id=\"mwAS4\">978-3-030-04954-6</bdi></nowiki><nowiki></a></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-jnroutes_11-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Tsech'i_River#cite_note-jnroutes-11 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-27 |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl |access-date=2022-05-05 |publisher=OpenStreetMap}}</ref> Hanyar 7 da 19 suna bin tudun a gefen kudancin tafkin tare da ci gaba da ra'ayoyi akan kwarin Tsech'i. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == kfksc5nlfwwmeryre7d4hjxdu5ag4r6 843181 843179 2026-05-30T07:00:30Z Pharouqenr 25549 843181 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tsech'i''' wani kogi ne na kwarin Nilu . Tana tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Dogu'a Tembien a arewacin [[Itofiya|Habasha]], tana gudana zuwa yamma don zama babu komai a ƙarshe a Giba da Kogin Tekezé . [[Fayil:DT_drainage.jpg|thumb|Kogin a cikin hanyar ruwa ta radial na Dogu'a Tembien]] == Halaye == Kogin ne mai ƙuntataccen lokaci, wanda ke ke [[Menander|yawo]] a cikin ƙanƙanin fili, tare da matsakaicin gangara na mita 46 a kowace kilomita. Tare da maɓuɓɓugarsa, kogin ya yanke wani zurfi mai zurfi. == Ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa == Runoff galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (wanda ake kira [[ambaliyar ruwa]]). Wadannan suna da alaƙa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, sau da yawa ƙananan ciyayi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi. Mafi girman irin wannan ambaliyar ruwa sau da yawa suna da sau 50 zuwa 100 mafi girma fiye da yadda ya gabata. Girman ambaliyar ruwa a cikin wannan kogi duk da haka ya ragu saboda tsoma baki a cikin tafkin. A kan gangaren da ke da tsawo, an kafa shinge; tsire-tsire masu yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen shiga, karancin ambaliyar ruwa da ingantaccen tushe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Descheemaeker |first=K. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation: A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=331 |issue=1–2 |pages=219–241 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Tsarin kiyayewa na jiki kamar su dutse<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Poesen |first2=Jean |last3=Gebremichael |first3=Desta |last4=Vancampenhout |first4=Karen |last5=d'Aes |first5=Margo |last6=Yihdego |first6=Gebremedhin |last7=Govers |first7=Gerard |last8=Leirs |first8=Herwig |last9=Moeyersons |first9=Jan |last10=Naudts |first10=Jozef |last11=Haregeweyn |first11=Nigussie |last12=Haile |first12=Mitiku |last13=Deckers |first13=Jozef |date=2007 |title=Interdisciplinary on-site evaluation of stone bunds to control soil erosion on cropland in Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/378900 |journal=Soil and Tillage Research |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1016/j.still.2006.07.011 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gebeyehu Taye and colleagues |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the effectiveness of stone bunds and trenches in reducing runoff and soil loss in the semi-arid Ethiopian highlands. |journal=Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=477–493 |bibcode=2015ZGm....59..477T |doi=10.1127/zfg/2015/0166}}</ref> da kuma duba madatsun ruwa suma suna tsayar da runoff.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=J. |last2=Veyret-Picot |first2=M. |last3=Poesen |first3=J. |last4=Moeyersons |first4=J. |last5=Haile |first5=Mitiku |last6=Deckers |first6=J. |last7=Govers |first7=G. |date=2004 |title=The effectiveness of loose rock check dams for gully control in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |journal=Soil Use and Management |volume=20 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00337.x |s2cid=98547102}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Etefa Guyassa and colleagues |date=2017 |title=Effects of check dams on runoff characteristics along gully reaches, the case of Northern Ethiopia. |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8518957 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |volume=545 |issue=1 |pages=299–309 |bibcode=2017JHyd..545..299G |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.019 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Gudanarwa zuwa ga gorge == Transhumance yana faruwa ne a lokacin ruwan sama na rani, lokacin da ƙasashen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka suka mamaye amfanin gona. Matasa makiyaya za su kai shanu na ƙauyen zuwa ga kwarin kuma da dare a cikin ƙananan koguna. Gorges suna da kyau sosai a matsayin yankin da ake nufi da su, saboda akwai ruwa da kuma ci gaba mai kyau na tsire-tsire na halitta.<ref name="trans">{{Cite journal |last=Nyssen |first=Jan |last2=Descheemaeker |first2=Katrien |last3=Zenebe |first3=Amanuel |last4=Poesen |first4=Jean |last5=Deckers |first5=Jozef |last6=Haile |first6=Mitiku |date=2009 |title=Transhumance in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) |journal=Mountain Research and Development |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=255–264 |doi=10.1659/mrd.00033 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Duwatsu da duwatsu a cikin kogin == Duwatsu da duwatsu da aka haɗu da su a cikin kogin na iya samo asali ne daga kowane wuri mafi girma a cikin tafkin. A cikin mafi girman tsawo na kogin, kawai raguwar dutse na saman lithological raka'a za su kasance a cikin kogin, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanta mutum na iya samun cikakkiyar cakuda duk lithologies da kogin ya haye. Daga sama zuwa ƙasa, waɗannan rukunin lithological masu zuwa suna faruwa a cikin tafkin. * Babban dutse * Abubuwan da aka adana a cikin tafkin * Ƙananan basalt * [[Tsarin Amba Aradam]] * Antalo Limestone * Quaternary ruwa mai laushi tufa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moeyersons |first=J. and colleagues |date=2006 |title=Age and backfill/overfill stratigraphy of two tufa dams, Tigray Highlands, Ethiopia: Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene wet conditions. |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=230 |issue=1–2 |pages=162–178 |bibcode=2006PPP...230..165M |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.013}}</ref> * Sandstone mai tsananin gaske == Yankin halitta == A lokacin da yake gudana, kogin Tsech'i ya ratsa kananan hukumomi uku (Seret, Menachek kuma a cikin ƙananan hanya shine iyaka tsakanin Menachek da Aregen). == Tafiya a gefen kogi == An kafa hanyoyin tafiya a fadin da kuma tare da wannan kogi. Ba a yi waƙoƙin alama a ƙasa amma ana iya bin su ta amfani da saukewa. Fayilolin GPX.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-27 |title=Public GPS Traces tagged with nyssen-jacob-frankl |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces/tag/nyssen-jacob-frankl |access-date=2022-05-05 |publisher=OpenStreetMap}}</ref> Hanyar 7 da 19 suna bin tudun a gefen kudancin tafkin tare da ci gaba da ra'ayoyi akan kwarin Tsech'i. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin koguna na Habasha == Manazarta == nubn0vnzbtl1knrkjri48mybt5r3xhs 0 153362 843183 2026-05-30T07:01:18Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Short description|Ƙungiyar bunƙasa wasannin matasa a Najeriya}} '''Youth Sports Federation of Nigeria''' ('''YSFON''') ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta a Najeriya wadda ke da manufar gano, horarwa da bunƙasa hazikan matasa ta hanyar wasanni, musamman ƙwallon ƙafa. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1965, ta hannun ɗan jarida kuma mai rajin ci gaban wasanni marigayi Tony Eke. YSFON na daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin bunƙasa wasanni na matasa a Najeriya kuma tana da... 843183 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Ƙungiyar bunƙasa wasannin matasa a Najeriya}} '''Youth Sports Federation of Nigeria''' ('''YSFON''') ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta a Najeriya wadda ke da manufar gano, horarwa da bunƙasa hazikan matasa ta hanyar wasanni, musamman ƙwallon ƙafa. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1965, ta hannun ɗan jarida kuma mai rajin ci gaban wasanni marigayi Tony Eke. YSFON na daga cikin tsofaffin ƙungiyoyin bunƙasa wasanni na matasa a Najeriya kuma tana da rassa a dukkan jihohin ƙasar 36 da Babban Birnin Tarayya (FCT).<ref>{{cite news |title=YSFON marks 60 years of youth empowerment through sports |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ysfon-marks-60-years-of-youth-empowerment-through-sports/ |work=The Nation |date=27 February 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=YSFON Celebrates 60 Years Of Inspiring Youths Through Sports |url=https://independent.ng/ysfon-celebrates-60-years-of-inspiring-youths-through-sports/ |work=Daily Independent |date=26 February 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa YSFON ne domin samar da tsari na musamman da zai bai wa yara da matasa damar shiga wasanni tun daga matakin ƙasa. Tun bayan kafuwarta, ƙungiyar ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shirya gasar matasa da kuma gano sabbin 'yan wasa a sassa daban-daban na Najeriya. Rahotanni sun nuna cewa YSFON ta fara gudanar da gasannin ƙananan shekaru tun kafin Hukumar FIFA ta fara shirya gasannin duniya na matasa a shekarar 1977.<ref>{{cite news |title=YSFON marks 60 years of youth empowerment through sports |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ysfon-marks-60-years-of-youth-empowerment-through-sports/ |work=The Nation |date=27 February 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=YSFON Celebrates 60 Years Of Inspiring Youths Through Sports |url=https://www.timeexpressnigeria.com/2025/02/ysfon-celebrates-60-years-of-inspiring-youths-through-sports/ |work=Time Express Nigeria |date=26 February 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manufofi == Babban manufar YSFON ita ce bunƙasa wasanni daga tushe (grassroots sports development), gano hazikan matasa da samar musu da damar ci gaba a harkokin wasanni. Ƙungiyar tana gudanar da shirye-shirye da dama da suka haɗa da gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta yara masu ƙananan shekaru, gasar ƙwallon kwando, gudun fanfalaki, wasan tebur da sauran wasanni domin gano sababbin hazikai a fadin ƙasar.<ref>{{cite news |title=YSFON Renew Partnership With Imo Sports Ministry On Grassroot Sports Development |url=https://www.sports247.ng/ysfon-renew-partnership-with-imo-sports-ministry-on-grassroot-sports-development/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=10 February 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Gudummawa ga ƙwallon ƙafa == YSFON ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin da aka bi wajen gano fitattun 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Najeriya. Shugabannin ƙungiyar sun bayyana cewa mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka taimaka wa Najeriya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya ta 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 16 ta FIFA a shekarar 1985 sun fito ne daga shirye-shiryen da YSFON ta gudanar. Haka kuma ƙungiyar ta yi fice wajen shirya gasannin matasa da dama waɗanda suka zama matattarar gano sabbin 'yan wasa ga ƙungiyoyin ƙasa.<ref>{{cite news |title=YSFON Celebrates 60 Years Of Inspiring Youths Through Sports |url=https://independent.ng/ysfon-celebrates-60-years-of-inspiring-youths-through-sports/ |work=Daily Independent |date=26 February 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=NSC Chairman Shehu Dikko Pledges Support For YSFON In Grassroots Sports Development |url=https://www.sports247.ng/nsc-chairman-shehu-dikko-pledges-support-for-ysfon-in-grassroots-sports-development/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=26 February 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Haɗin gwiwa da cibiyoyin horaswa == YSFON ta yi haɗin gwiwa da hukumomi da dama domin bunƙasa matasa ta hanyar wasanni. Daya daga cikin fitattun haɗin gwiwarta shi ne wanda ta yi da Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Najeriya (Nigerian Navy), wanda ya haifar da kafa makarantar horas da 'yan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Navy/YSFON Football Academy da ke Calabar. Haka kuma ƙungiyar tana shirya gasannin yara maza da mata a fannoni daban-daban tare da haɗin gwiwar hukumomin gwamnati da masu zaman kansu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nigerian Navy's partnership with Youth Sports Federation of Nigeria, bedrock for sports development |url=https://globalupfront.com/2021/11/28/nigerian-navys-partnership-with-youth-sports-federation-of-nigeria-bedrock-for-sports-development/ |work=Global Upfront Newspapers |date=28 November 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=YSFON Celebrates 60 Years of Inspiring Youths through Sports |url=https://www.timeexpressnigeria.com/2025/02/ysfon-celebrates-60-years-of-inspiring-youths-through-sports/ |work=Time Express Nigeria |date=26 February 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Gasa da shirye-shirye == Daga cikin manyan shirye-shiryen YSFON akwai gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 14, 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 17, da sauran gasannin matasa da ake gudanarwa a yankuna daban-daban na Najeriya. Waɗannan gasa suna ba matasa damar nuna bajintarsu tare da samun damar shiga manyan makarantu da ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa. A shekarun baya-bayan nan ƙungiyar ta ci gaba da shirya gasannin yankuna domin ƙarfafa ci gaban wasanni daga tushe.<ref>{{cite news |title=YSFON/Andishu Northwest U17 Football Tournament Kicks Off in Kaduna |url=https://www.newspanorama.com.ng/2025/08/ysfonandishu-northwest-u17-football.html |work=News Panorama |date=26 August 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=YSFON Renew Partnership With Imo Sports Ministry On Grassroot Sports Development |url=https://www.sports247.ng/ysfon-renew-partnership-with-imo-sports-ministry-on-grassroot-sports-development/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=10 February 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Shekaru 60 da kafuwa == A shekarar 2025, YSFON ta yi bikin cika shekaru 60 da kafuwa. Shugaban ƙungiyar na ƙasa, Nasiru Yusuf Gawuna, ya bayyana bikin a matsayin wata muhimmiyar alama ta shekaru shida na sadaukarwa wajen bunƙasa matasa ta hanyar wasanni. A lokacin bikin an jaddada rawar da ƙungiyar ta taka wajen gano hazikai da samar da damar ci gaba ga dubban matasa a Najeriya tun daga shekarar 1965.<ref>{{cite news |title=YSFON Celebrates 60 Years Of Inspiring Youths Through Sports |url=https://independent.ng/ysfon-celebrates-60-years-of-inspiring-youths-through-sports/ |work=Daily Independent |date=26 February 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=YSFON marks 60 years of youth empowerment through sports |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ysfon-marks-60-years-of-youth-empowerment-through-sports/ |work=The Nation |date=27 February 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] * [[Wasanni a Najeriya]] * [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 17]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kungiyoyin wasanni na Najeriya]] [[Category:Kwallon kafa a Najeriya]] [[Category:An kafa su a 1965]] [[Category:Kungiyoyin matasa a Najeriya]] 9spv9891honwlma6c2i42b2yg3x0kp6 0 153363 843185 2026-05-30T07:01:44Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339203946|Cataracts of the Nile]]" 843185 wikitext text/x-wiki Cataracts na [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] suna da zurfi (ko ruwan farin) na kogin Nilu, tsakanin [[Khartoum]] da [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]], inda ƙananan duwatsu da duwatsu da ke fitowa daga kogin suka karye saman ruwa, da kuma tsibirai masu yawa. A wasu wurare, waɗannan shimfidar suna da alamar farin ruwa, yayin da a wasu ruwan da ke gudana ya fi santsi amma har yanzu ba shi da zurfi. == Ruwan Ruwan Ruwa shida == An ƙidaya zuwa sama (daga arewa zuwa kudu): A [[Misra|Misira]]: * Cataract na farko yana kudu da [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] (24°02′07′′N 32°52′20′′E / 24.0354°N 32.8721°E / 24. 0354; 32.8721 (First Cataract)). An zaɓi tsohon wurinsa don gina [[Aswan Low Dam]], madatsar ruwa ta farko da aka gina a fadin Nilu, kuma tun daga 1902, an nutse shi a ƙarƙashin ruwan tafkin abin da daga baya ya zama [[Tafkin Nasser]]. A [[Sudan]]: * Cataract na biyu (ko Great Cataract) ya kasance a Nubia kuma yanzu an nutse a ƙarƙashin [[Tafkin Nasser]] . Tana da nisan kilomita 10 a kudancin tsohon shafin Wadi Halfa, a wurin da garin yake a yanzu (21°48′41′′N 31°12′57′′E / 21.8115°N 31.2159°E / 21. 8115; 31.2155 (Great Cataract)) * Ruwan ruwa na uku yana a Tombos / Hannek . (19°42′49′′N 30°22′22′′E / 19.7135°N 30.3729°E / 19. 7135; 30.3729 (Third Cataract)) * Cataract na huɗu yana cikin hamadar Manasir, kuma tun daga shekara ta 2008, an nutse a ƙarƙashin tafkin Merowe Dam. (18°55′N 32°22′E / 18.91°N 32.36°E / 18.91; 32.36 (Cataract na huɗu)) * Rashin ruwa na biyar yana tsakanin Abu Hamad da Atbara, Sudan . (18°23′08′′N 33°46′37′′E / 18.3856°N 33.7769°E / 18.6856; 33.7769 (Cataract na biyar)) * Ruwa na shida shine inda Kogin Nilu ya yanke ta [[Sabaluka]] pluton, kusa da Bagrawiyah . (16°17′N 32°40′E / 16.29°N 32.67°E / 16.27; 32.67 (Cataract na shida)) == Ilimin ƙasa == Masana ilimin ƙasa sun nuna cewa yankin arewacin Sudan yana aiki sosai kuma wannan aikin ya sa kogin ya ɗauki halaye "matasa".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Thurmond |first=Allison K. |last2=Stern |first2=Robert J. |last3=Abdelsalam |first3=Mohamed G. |last4=Nielsen |first4=Kent C. |last5=Abdeen |first5=Mamdouh M. |last6=Hinz |first6=Emily |year=2004 |title=The Nubian Swell |url=http://www.utdallas.edu/geosciences/remsens/papers/Nubian_Swell.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Journal of African Earth Sciences |volume=39 |issue=3–5 |pages=401–407 |bibcode=2004JAfES..39..401T |doi=10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2004.07.027 |issn=1464-343X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525091139/http://www.utdallas.edu/geosciences/remsens/papers/Nubian_Swell.pdf |archive-date=25 May 2011 |access-date=21 October 2006}}</ref> Ruwan Nubian ya karkatar da kogin zuwa yamma, yayin da yake riƙe da zurfin zurfinsa kuma yana haifar da samar da cataracts. Ko da yake kogin ya lalace ta hanyar [[Zaizayar Kasa|rushewa]], an ɗaga ƙasar, yana riƙe da ɓangarorin kogin a bayyane. Wadannan siffofi na musamman na kogin tsakanin Aswan da Khartoum sun haifar da shimfidar da ake kira Cataract Nile, yayin da a wasu lokuta ana kiran ɓangaren da ke ƙasa da "Masar" Nilu. Bambancin yanayin ƙasa tsakanin waɗannan ɓangarorin biyu na kogi yana da yawa. Arewacin Aswan, kogin ba dutse ba ne, amma a maimakon haka ya ƙunshi turɓaya, kuma ba shi da kogi mai zurfi. An yi imanin cewa dutsen da aka rushe a baya ya zama zurfin ƙafa dubu da yawa. Wannan ya haifar da babban kogi wanda yanzu ya cika da laka. Duk da waɗannan halaye, wasu daga cikin magudanan ruwa waɗanda ba za a iya wucewa ta jirgin ruwa ba saboda ruwa mai zurfi sun zama masu iya tafiya a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa. == Tarihi == Kalmar "cataract" ta fito ne daga kalmar Helenanci ''καταρρέω'' ("don gudana ƙasa"), kodayake asalin kalmar Helenanci ita ce jam'i-kawai উপat. Koyaya, sabanin wannan, babu wani daga cikin manyan cataracts guda shida na Nilu da za a iya bayyana daidai a matsayin magudanan ruwa, kuma an ba da ma'anar da ta fi girma, wannan daidai yake da yawancin ƙananan cataracts. A zamanin d ̄ a, Upper Egypt ya shimfiɗa daga kudancin Nilu Delta zuwa farkon cataract, yayin da yake ci gaba da tafiya, tsohuwar Masarautar Kush ce ke sarrafa ƙasar wanda daga baya zai mamaye Masar daga 760 zuwa 656 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cataracts of the Nile |url=http://fummo.com/info/Cataracts_of_the_Nile.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100217042412/http://fummo.com/info/Cataracts_of_the_Nile.html |archive-date=17 February 2010 |access-date=17 February 2014}}</ref> Baya ga mamayewar Kushite, ga mafi yawan tarihin Masar, ruwan Nilu, musamman na farko, ya zama iyaka ta halitta don hana yawancin ƙetare daga kudu, kamar yadda waɗanda ke cikin yankin za su dogara da tafiyar kogi don shiga arewa da kudu. Wannan ya ba da damar kare iyakar kudancin Masar daga mamayewa, kuma ban da taƙaitaccen mulkin Kushite, ya kasance iyaka ta halitta ga mafi yawan tarihin Masar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geography |url=http://adititaylor.weebly.com/geography.html |website=Ancient Egypt 101}}</ref> == Manazarta == 0n09trt0nvcxgn9z7xy7hm5w12mp6u2 843186 843185 2026-05-30T07:02:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 843186 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Cataracts na [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] suna da zurfi (ko ruwan farin) na kogin Nilu, tsakanin [[Khartoum]] da [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]], inda ƙananan duwatsu da duwatsu da ke fitowa daga kogin suka karye saman ruwa, da kuma tsibirai masu yawa. A wasu wurare, waɗannan shimfidar suna da alamar farin ruwa, yayin da a wasu ruwan da ke gudana ya fi santsi amma har yanzu ba shi da zurfi. == Ruwan Ruwan Ruwa shida == An ƙidaya zuwa sama (daga arewa zuwa kudu): A [[Misra|Misira]]: * Cataract na farko yana kudu da [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] (24°02′07′′N 32°52′20′′E / 24.0354°N 32.8721°E / 24. 0354; 32.8721 (First Cataract)). An zaɓi tsohon wurinsa don gina [[Aswan Low Dam]], madatsar ruwa ta farko da aka gina a fadin Nilu, kuma tun daga 1902, an nutse shi a ƙarƙashin ruwan tafkin abin da daga baya ya zama [[Tafkin Nasser]]. A [[Sudan]]: * Cataract na biyu (ko Great Cataract) ya kasance a Nubia kuma yanzu an nutse a ƙarƙashin [[Tafkin Nasser]] . Tana da nisan kilomita 10 a kudancin tsohon shafin Wadi Halfa, a wurin da garin yake a yanzu (21°48′41′′N 31°12′57′′E / 21.8115°N 31.2159°E / 21. 8115; 31.2155 (Great Cataract)) * Ruwan ruwa na uku yana a Tombos / Hannek . (19°42′49′′N 30°22′22′′E / 19.7135°N 30.3729°E / 19. 7135; 30.3729 (Third Cataract)) * Cataract na huɗu yana cikin hamadar Manasir, kuma tun daga shekara ta 2008, an nutse a ƙarƙashin tafkin Merowe Dam. (18°55′N 32°22′E / 18.91°N 32.36°E / 18.91; 32.36 (Cataract na huɗu)) * Rashin ruwa na biyar yana tsakanin Abu Hamad da Atbara, Sudan . (18°23′08′′N 33°46′37′′E / 18.3856°N 33.7769°E / 18.6856; 33.7769 (Cataract na biyar)) * Ruwa na shida shine inda Kogin Nilu ya yanke ta [[Sabaluka]] pluton, kusa da Bagrawiyah . (16°17′N 32°40′E / 16.29°N 32.67°E / 16.27; 32.67 (Cataract na shida)) == Ilimin ƙasa == Masana ilimin ƙasa sun nuna cewa yankin arewacin Sudan yana aiki sosai kuma wannan aikin ya sa kogin ya ɗauki halaye "matasa".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Thurmond |first=Allison K. |last2=Stern |first2=Robert J. |last3=Abdelsalam |first3=Mohamed G. |last4=Nielsen |first4=Kent C. |last5=Abdeen |first5=Mamdouh M. |last6=Hinz |first6=Emily |year=2004 |title=The Nubian Swell |url=http://www.utdallas.edu/geosciences/remsens/papers/Nubian_Swell.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Journal of African Earth Sciences |volume=39 |issue=3–5 |pages=401–407 |bibcode=2004JAfES..39..401T |doi=10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2004.07.027 |issn=1464-343X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525091139/http://www.utdallas.edu/geosciences/remsens/papers/Nubian_Swell.pdf |archive-date=25 May 2011 |access-date=21 October 2006}}</ref> Ruwan Nubian ya karkatar da kogin zuwa yamma, yayin da yake riƙe da zurfin zurfinsa kuma yana haifar da samar da cataracts. Ko da yake kogin ya lalace ta hanyar [[Zaizayar Kasa|rushewa]], an ɗaga ƙasar, yana riƙe da ɓangarorin kogin a bayyane. Wadannan siffofi na musamman na kogin tsakanin Aswan da Khartoum sun haifar da shimfidar da ake kira Cataract Nile, yayin da a wasu lokuta ana kiran ɓangaren da ke ƙasa da "Masar" Nilu. Bambancin yanayin ƙasa tsakanin waɗannan ɓangarorin biyu na kogi yana da yawa. Arewacin Aswan, kogin ba dutse ba ne, amma a maimakon haka ya ƙunshi turɓaya, kuma ba shi da kogi mai zurfi. An yi imanin cewa dutsen da aka rushe a baya ya zama zurfin ƙafa dubu da yawa. Wannan ya haifar da babban kogi wanda yanzu ya cika da laka. Duk da waɗannan halaye, wasu daga cikin magudanan ruwa waɗanda ba za a iya wucewa ta jirgin ruwa ba saboda ruwa mai zurfi sun zama masu iya tafiya a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa. == Tarihi == Kalmar "cataract" ta fito ne daga kalmar Helenanci ''καταρρέω'' ("don gudana ƙasa"), kodayake asalin kalmar Helenanci ita ce jam'i-kawai উপat. Koyaya, sabanin wannan, babu wani daga cikin manyan cataracts guda shida na Nilu da za a iya bayyana daidai a matsayin magudanan ruwa, kuma an ba da ma'anar da ta fi girma, wannan daidai yake da yawancin ƙananan cataracts. A zamanin d ̄ a, Upper Egypt ya shimfiɗa daga kudancin Nilu Delta zuwa farkon cataract, yayin da yake ci gaba da tafiya, tsohuwar Masarautar Kush ce ke sarrafa ƙasar wanda daga baya zai mamaye Masar daga 760 zuwa 656 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cataracts of the Nile |url=http://fummo.com/info/Cataracts_of_the_Nile.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100217042412/http://fummo.com/info/Cataracts_of_the_Nile.html |archive-date=17 February 2010 |access-date=17 February 2014}}</ref> Baya ga mamayewar Kushite, ga mafi yawan tarihin Masar, ruwan Nilu, musamman na farko, ya zama iyaka ta halitta don hana yawancin ƙetare daga kudu, kamar yadda waɗanda ke cikin yankin za su dogara da tafiyar kogi don shiga arewa da kudu. Wannan ya ba da damar kare iyakar kudancin Masar daga mamayewa, kuma ban da taƙaitaccen mulkin Kushite, ya kasance iyaka ta halitta ga mafi yawan tarihin Masar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geography |url=http://adititaylor.weebly.com/geography.html |website=Ancient Egypt 101}}</ref> == Manazarta == eomn3ij3zw5yblt3ee91xjevmb607f8 0 153364 843188 2026-05-30T07:02:40Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350974850|Dar al-Manasir]]" 843188 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Gebel_musa_near_wadi_kirbekan.jpg|thumb|Dar al-Manasir kamar yadda aka gani daga saman Gebel Musa]] '''Dar al-Manasir''' (Arabic) shi ne yankin na Fourth Cataract, mafi yawan hanyoyin da ba za a iya wucewa ba na [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]]. Ita ce ƙasar ƙabilar [[Larabawa]] ta Manasir kuma daga gare su ne ta sami sunanta. Har ila yau a yau ba za a iya haye ruwa mai sauri ta kowane babban jirgi wanda ke sa yankin ya kasance mai sauƙi ne kawai ta hanyar yashi da dutse na hamada. A tsawo na [[Muqrat|Tsibirin Muqrat]] (N 19 ° 30') an toshe [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] daga arewacinsa yana ɗaukar juyawa mai zurfi SSW na kilomita 280 kafin ya ci gaba da gudana zuwa arewa. A tsakiyar wannan S-shaped tsakanin Bayudah Desert zuwa kudu da Nubian Desert zuwa arewa, Nilu ya tilasta ta hanyar Yanayin ƙasa ya rabu zuwa cikin tarin raƙuman ruwa waɗanda suka samar da kogi mai kyau na ƙananan tsibirai masu duwatsu waɗanda matafiyi GRAY (1949:120) ya bayyana tare da waɗannan kalmomi: "Yayin da yawanci [aikin noma] a cikin kwarin Nilu an ƙuntata shi a cikin belin a kan kogin ya ajiye laka, a cikin wannan yankin, inda aka ba da tsibirai 10 da aka ba da yawa kamar kogin ya rufe su kamar kogin da yawa". == Yankin == Dar al-Manasir yana cikin ƙabilar Rubatab masu rai na sama ( {{Lang|ar|الرباطاب}} ) a unguwar ''Abu Hamed'' ( {{Lang|ar|أبو حمد}} ) (E 33.18°) da kabilar Shaiqiyyah ( {{Lang|ar|الشايقية}} ) bayan ƙauyen ''Birti'' (E 32.15°), (duba LAGNAH 2005:2). Dar al-Manasir yana rufe nisan kimanin 130&nbsp;kilomita tare da Kogin Nilu tare da yawancin ƙauyuka da aka yi layi a gefen hagu na kogin da ake kira "gefen Yamma" (…). Amma zuciyar Dar al-Manasir ta ƙunshi tsibirai 14, goma sha biyu daga cikinsu suna zaune har abada; ''al-Qanaweit'' ( {{Lang|ar|القناويت}} ), ''Shiri'' ( {{Lang|ar|شري}} ), ''Kadir'' ( {{Lang|ar|كدر}} ), ''Sherari'' ( {{Lang|ar|شرري}} ), ''Sur'' ( {{Lang|ar|سور}} ), ''Us'' ( {{Lang|ar|اوز}} ), ''Tibit'' (…), ''Dumag'' ( {{Lang|ar|دماج}} ), ''Buni'' ( {{Lang|ar|بوني}} ), ''Arag'' ( {{Lang|ar|ارج}} ), ''Dirbi'' ( {{Lang|ar|دربي}} ) da ''Birti'' ( {{Lang|ar|برتي}} ), (cf. SALIH 1999:8, LAGNAH 2005:2). == Yanayi == [[File:Marha_dar_almanasir.JPG|thumb|Ra'ayi game da Marha, Tsibirin Sur a Dar al-Manasir]] Yanayin yana da busasshiyar ruwa tare da ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na kimanin 50 mm a cikin shekaru masu kyau. Cikakken adadin da rarraba sararin samaniya na hazo a lokacin ruwan sama a cikin watanni na Agusta har zuwa Oktoba yana da bambanci sosai sabili da haka ba a iya hango shi ba. Lokacin ruwan sama ya yi daidai da lokacin ambaliyar Nilu (cf. SALIH 1999:9).&nbsp; == Tattalin Arziki == [[File:Gebel_us_downstream.JPG|thumb|Dar al-Manasir kamar yadda aka gani daga saman Gebel Us]] Manasir suna bin karamin aikin gona a kusa da Kogin Nilu. Ƙananan aljihun yashi da ƙasar da ke gefen kogi da aka yi amfani da ita ana ban ruwa sosai kuma ana noma su. Mafi mahimmancin amfanin gona na yankin sune kwanakin (cf. Ranar noma a Dar al-Manasir). A lokacin ruwan sama mai kyau, inda wuraren kiwo suke da yawa, maza da yawa Manasir sun haɗu da membobin kabilarsu a kusa da Bayudah Desert. == Gudanarwa == [[Fayil:Nile_sunset_dar_almanasir.JPG|thumb|Rana ta fadi a kan Dar al-Manasir]] A siyasance Dar al-Manasir na Jihar Kogin Nilu ne ({{Lang|ar|ولاية نهر النيل}} ''Wilāya nahr an-Nīl''). Cibiyar gudanarwa tare da ofishin 'yan sanda na gida, reshe na Bankin Aikin Gona da Makarantun Sakandare na maza da mata shine ''Shiri'' ({{Lang|ar|شري}}) a tsibirin Shiri. Dar al-Manasir tana daga cikin yankunan da aka fi watsi da su a Arewacin [[Sudan]]. Baya ga cibiyoyin ilimi na asali kusan babu kayan aikin jama'a kamar hanyoyi masu laushi, gadoji ko jiragen ruwa da asibitoci. Amma Manasir kuma suna sane da fa'idodin wannan halin kuma suna bayyana su dangane da aminci da gaskiya na musamman ({{Lang|ar|في أمان}}), kwanciyar hankali ({{Lang|ar|الجوّ هادئ و نظيف}}), kyakkyawa marar lahani na ƙasarsu ({{Lang|ar|البلد سمح}}) da tsabtace ruwan da suke sha kai tsaye daga Kogin Nilu. Yankin, wanda Innes (1931:184) ya bayyana a matsayin "mafi ƙanƙanta kuma mafi kyau" tare da Kogin Nilu, yana da dutse, kyakkyawa kuma mazauna suna magana da shi cikin farin ciki a matsayin ''"Dutse namu"'' ({{Lang|ar|حجرنا}}). Dar al-Manasir tare da dukkan ƙauyukanta da gonar noma za su [dole sabuntawa] a cikin watanni masu zuwa ta hanyar aikin [[Madatsar ruwan Merowe]]. Za a motsa mazaunanta, amma ainihin yankin da aka sake komawa ba a bayyana ba kuma batun tattaunawa ce mai gudana. == Manazarta == 3ap395dvdw8i8jwowwxht9xshgaklam 843190 843188 2026-05-30T07:03:25Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350974850|Dar al-Manasir]]" 843190 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Gebel_musa_near_wadi_kirbekan.jpg|thumb|Dar al-Manasir kamar yadda aka gani daga saman Gebel Musa]] '''Dar al-Manasir''' (Arabic) shi ne yankin na Fourth Cataract, mafi yawan hanyoyin da ba za a iya wucewa ba na [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]]. Ita ce ƙasar ƙabilar [[Larabawa]] ta Manasir kuma daga gare su ne ta sami sunanta. Har ila yau a yau ba za a iya haye ruwa mai sauri ta kowane babban jirgi wanda ke sa yankin ya kasance mai sauƙi ne kawai ta hanyar yashi da dutse na hamada. A tsawo na [[Muqrat|Tsibirin Muqrat]] (N 19 ° 30') an toshe [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] daga arewacinsa yana ɗaukar juyawa mai zurfi SSW na kilomita 280 kafin ya ci gaba da gudana zuwa arewa. A tsakiyar wannan S-shaped tsakanin Bayudah Desert zuwa kudu da Nubian Desert zuwa arewa, Nilu ya tilasta ta hanyar Yanayin ƙasa ya rabu zuwa cikin tarin raƙuman ruwa waɗanda suka samar da kogi mai kyau na ƙananan tsibirai masu duwatsu waɗanda matafiyi GRAY (1949:120) ya bayyana tare da waɗannan kalmomi: "Yayin da yawanci [aikin noma] a cikin kwarin Nilu an ƙuntata shi a cikin belin a kan kogin ya ajiye laka, a cikin wannan yankin, inda aka ba da tsibirai 10 da aka ba da yawa kamar kogin ya rufe su kamar kogin da yawa". == Yankin == Dar al-Manasir yana cikin ƙabilar Rubatab masu rai na sama ( {{Lang|ar|الرباطاب}} ) a unguwar ''Abu Hamed'' ( {{Lang|ar|أبو حمد}} ) (E 33.18°) da kabilar Shaiqiyyah ( {{Lang|ar|الشايقية}} ) bayan ƙauyen ''Birti'' (E 32.15°), (duba LAGNAH 2005:2). Dar al-Manasir yana rufe nisan kimanin 130&nbsp;kilomita tare da Kogin Nilu tare da yawancin ƙauyuka da aka yi layi a gefen hagu na kogin da ake kira "gefen Yamma" (…). Amma zuciyar Dar al-Manasir ta ƙunshi tsibirai 14, goma sha biyu daga cikinsu suna zaune har abada; ''al-Qanaweit'' ( {{Lang|ar|القناويت}} ), ''Shiri'' ( {{Lang|ar|شري}} ), ''Kadir'' ( {{Lang|ar|كدر}} ), ''Sherari'' ( {{Lang|ar|شرري}} ), ''Sur'' ( {{Lang|ar|سور}} ), ''Us'' ( {{Lang|ar|اوز}} ), ''Tibit'' (…), ''Dumag'' ( {{Lang|ar|دماج}} ), ''Buni'' ( {{Lang|ar|بوني}} ), ''Arag'' ( {{Lang|ar|ارج}} ), ''Dirbi'' ( {{Lang|ar|دربي}} ) da ''Birti'' ( {{Lang|ar|برتي}} ), (cf. SALIH 1999:8, LAGNAH 2005:2). == Yanayi == [[File:Marha_dar_almanasir.JPG|thumb|Ra'ayi game da Marha, Tsibirin Sur a Dar al-Manasir]] Yanayin yana da busasshiyar ruwa tare da ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na kimanin 50 mm a cikin shekaru masu kyau. Cikakken adadin da rarraba sararin samaniya na hazo a lokacin ruwan sama a cikin watanni na Agusta har zuwa Oktoba yana da bambanci sosai sabili da haka ba a iya hango shi ba. Lokacin ruwan sama ya yi daidai da lokacin ambaliyar Nilu (cf. SALIH 1999:9).&nbsp; == Tattalin Arziki == [[File:Gebel_us_downstream.JPG|thumb|Dar al-Manasir kamar yadda aka gani daga saman Gebel Us]] Manasir suna bin karamin aikin gona a kusa da Kogin Nilu. Ƙananan aljihun yashi da ƙasar da ke gefen kogi da aka yi amfani da ita ana ban ruwa sosai kuma ana noma su. Mafi mahimmancin amfanin gona na yankin sune kwanakin (cf. Ranar noma a Dar al-Manasir). A lokacin ruwan sama mai kyau, inda wuraren kiwo suke da yawa, maza da yawa Manasir sun haɗu da membobin kabilarsu a kusa da Bayudah Desert. == Gudanarwa == [[Fayil:Nile_sunset_dar_almanasir.JPG|thumb|Rana ta fadi a kan Dar al-Manasir]] A siyasance Dar al-Manasir na Jihar Kogin Nilu ne ({{Lang|ar|ولاية نهر النيل}} ''Wilāya nahr an-Nīl''). Cibiyar gudanarwa tare da ofishin 'yan sanda na gida, reshe na Bankin Aikin Gona da Makarantun Sakandare na maza da mata shine ''Shiri'' ({{Lang|ar|شري}}) a tsibirin Shiri. Dar al-Manasir tana daga cikin yankunan da aka fi watsi da su a Arewacin [[Sudan]]. Baya ga cibiyoyin ilimi na asali kusan babu kayan aikin jama'a kamar hanyoyi masu laushi, gadoji ko jiragen ruwa da asibitoci. Amma Manasir kuma suna sane da fa'idodin wannan halin kuma suna bayyana su dangane da aminci da gaskiya na musamman ({{Lang|ar|في أمان}}), kwanciyar hankali ({{Lang|ar|الجوّ هادئ و نظيف}}), kyakkyawa marar lahani na ƙasarsu ({{Lang|ar|البلد سمح}}) da tsabtace ruwan da suke sha kai tsaye daga Kogin Nilu. Yankin, wanda Innes (1931:184) ya bayyana a matsayin "mafi ƙanƙanta kuma mafi kyau" tare da Kogin Nilu, yana da dutse, kyakkyawa kuma mazauna suna magana da shi cikin farin ciki a matsayin ''"Dutse namu"'' ({{Lang|ar|حجرنا}}). Dar al-Manasir tare da dukkan ƙauyukanta da gonar noma za su [dole sabuntawa] a cikin watanni masu zuwa ta hanyar aikin [[Madatsar ruwan Merowe]]. Za a motsa mazaunanta, amma ainihin yankin da aka sake komawa ba a bayyana ba kuma batun tattaunawa ce mai gudana. == Manazarta == * Gray, T. (1949): "The Fourth Cataract". A cikin: Sudan Notes and Records, Vol.30, shafi na 120-121.&nbsp; * Innes, N. MCL. (1930): "Ƙasar Monasir". A cikin: Sudan Notes and Records, Vol.14, shafi na 185-191.&nbsp; * Lagnah al-Tanfidhiyah lil-Muta'thirin (2005): ''Khasan al-Hamdab wa Qissah Tahgir Ahali al-Manasir'' . 20 shafi na biyu. * Salih, AM (1999): ''Manasir na Arewacin Sudan: Ƙasa da Mutane. '' Ƙungiyar Riverain da Rashin Ruwa. 282 shafi na 282. otziuf7kfizsjcmyz6nzujxvkwclodx 843192 843190 2026-05-30T07:03:50Z Pharouqenr 25549 843192 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Gebel_musa_near_wadi_kirbekan.jpg|thumb|Dar al-Manasir kamar yadda aka gani daga saman Gebel Musa]] '''Dar al-Manasir''' (Arabic) shi ne yankin na Fourth Cataract, mafi yawan hanyoyin da ba za a iya wucewa ba na [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]]. Ita ce ƙasar ƙabilar [[Larabawa]] ta Manasir kuma daga gare su ne ta sami sunanta. Har ila yau a yau ba za a iya haye ruwa mai sauri ta kowane babban jirgi wanda ke sa yankin ya kasance mai sauƙi ne kawai ta hanyar yashi da dutse na hamada. A tsawo na [[Muqrat|Tsibirin Muqrat]] (N 19 ° 30') an toshe [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] daga arewacinsa yana ɗaukar juyawa mai zurfi SSW na kilomita 280 kafin ya ci gaba da gudana zuwa arewa. A tsakiyar wannan S-shaped tsakanin Bayudah Desert zuwa kudu da Nubian Desert zuwa arewa, Nilu ya tilasta ta hanyar Yanayin ƙasa ya rabu zuwa cikin tarin raƙuman ruwa waɗanda suka samar da kogi mai kyau na ƙananan tsibirai masu duwatsu waɗanda matafiyi GRAY (1949:120) ya bayyana tare da waɗannan kalmomi: "Yayin da yawanci [aikin noma] a cikin kwarin Nilu an ƙuntata shi a cikin belin a kan kogin ya ajiye laka, a cikin wannan yankin, inda aka ba da tsibirai 10 da aka ba da yawa kamar kogin ya rufe su kamar kogin da yawa". == Yankin == Dar al-Manasir yana cikin ƙabilar Rubatab masu rai na sama ( {{Lang|ar|الرباطاب}} ) a unguwar ''Abu Hamed'' ( {{Lang|ar|أبو حمد}} ) (E 33.18°) da kabilar Shaiqiyyah ( {{Lang|ar|الشايقية}} ) bayan ƙauyen ''Birti'' (E 32.15°), (duba LAGNAH 2005:2). Dar al-Manasir yana rufe nisan kimanin 130&nbsp;kilomita tare da Kogin Nilu tare da yawancin ƙauyuka da aka yi layi a gefen hagu na kogin da ake kira "gefen Yamma" (…). Amma zuciyar Dar al-Manasir ta ƙunshi tsibirai 14, goma sha biyu daga cikinsu suna zaune har abada; ''al-Qanaweit'' ( {{Lang|ar|القناويت}} ), ''Shiri'' ( {{Lang|ar|شري}} ), ''Kadir'' ( {{Lang|ar|كدر}} ), ''Sherari'' ( {{Lang|ar|شرري}} ), ''Sur'' ( {{Lang|ar|سور}} ), ''Us'' ( {{Lang|ar|اوز}} ), ''Tibit'' (…), ''Dumag'' ( {{Lang|ar|دماج}} ), ''Buni'' ( {{Lang|ar|بوني}} ), ''Arag'' ( {{Lang|ar|ارج}} ), ''Dirbi'' ( {{Lang|ar|دربي}} ) da ''Birti'' ( {{Lang|ar|برتي}} ), (cf. SALIH 1999:8, LAGNAH 2005:2). == Yanayi == [[File:Marha_dar_almanasir.JPG|thumb|Ra'ayi game da Marha, Tsibirin Sur a Dar al-Manasir]] Yanayin yana da busasshiyar ruwa tare da ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na kimanin 50 mm a cikin shekaru masu kyau. Cikakken adadin da rarraba sararin samaniya na hazo a lokacin ruwan sama a cikin watanni na Agusta har zuwa Oktoba yana da bambanci sosai sabili da haka ba a iya hango shi ba. Lokacin ruwan sama ya yi daidai da lokacin ambaliyar Nilu (cf. SALIH 1999:9).&nbsp; == Tattalin Arziki == [[File:Gebel_us_downstream.JPG|thumb|Dar al-Manasir kamar yadda aka gani daga saman Gebel Us]] Manasir suna bin karamin aikin gona a kusa da Kogin Nilu. Ƙananan aljihun yashi da ƙasar da ke gefen kogi da aka yi amfani da ita ana ban ruwa sosai kuma ana noma su. Mafi mahimmancin amfanin gona na yankin sune kwanakin (cf. Ranar noma a Dar al-Manasir). A lokacin ruwan sama mai kyau, inda wuraren kiwo suke da yawa, maza da yawa Manasir sun haɗu da membobin kabilarsu a kusa da Bayudah Desert. == Gudanarwa == [[Fayil:Nile_sunset_dar_almanasir.JPG|thumb|Rana ta fadi a kan Dar al-Manasir]] A siyasance Dar al-Manasir na Jihar Kogin Nilu ne ({{Lang|ar|ولاية نهر النيل}} ''Wilāya nahr an-Nīl''). Cibiyar gudanarwa tare da ofishin 'yan sanda na gida, reshe na Bankin Aikin Gona da Makarantun Sakandare na maza da mata shine ''Shiri'' ({{Lang|ar|شري}}) a tsibirin Shiri. Dar al-Manasir tana daga cikin yankunan da aka fi watsi da su a Arewacin [[Sudan]]. Baya ga cibiyoyin ilimi na asali kusan babu kayan aikin jama'a kamar hanyoyi masu laushi, gadoji ko jiragen ruwa da asibitoci. Amma Manasir kuma suna sane da fa'idodin wannan halin kuma suna bayyana su dangane da aminci da gaskiya na musamman ({{Lang|ar|في أمان}}), kwanciyar hankali ({{Lang|ar|الجوّ هادئ و نظيف}}), kyakkyawa marar lahani na ƙasarsu ({{Lang|ar|البلد سمح}}) da tsabtace ruwan da suke sha kai tsaye daga Kogin Nilu. Yankin, wanda Innes (1931:184) ya bayyana a matsayin "mafi ƙanƙanta kuma mafi kyau" tare da Kogin Nilu, yana da dutse, kyakkyawa kuma mazauna suna magana da shi cikin farin ciki a matsayin ''"Dutse namu"'' ({{Lang|ar|حجرنا}}). Dar al-Manasir tare da dukkan ƙauyukanta da gonar noma za su [dole sabuntawa] a cikin watanni masu zuwa ta hanyar aikin [[Madatsar ruwan Merowe]]. Za a motsa mazaunanta, amma ainihin yankin da aka sake komawa ba a bayyana ba kuma batun tattaunawa ce mai gudana. == Manazarta == * Gray, T. (1949): "The Fourth Cataract". A cikin: Sudan Notes and Records, Vol.30, shafi na 120-121.&nbsp; * Innes, N. MCL. (1930): "Ƙasar Monasir". A cikin: Sudan Notes and Records, Vol.14, shafi na 185-191.&nbsp; * Lagnah al-Tanfidhiyah lil-Muta'thirin (2005): ''Khasan al-Hamdab wa Qissah Tahgir Ahali al-Manasir'' . 20 shafi na biyu. * Salih, AM (1999): ''Manasir na Arewacin Sudan: Ƙasa da Mutane. '' Ƙungiyar Riverain da Rashin Ruwa. 282 shafi na 282. e3xxo2vqu17fde62kb0n989b6xvmsyz 1 153365 843189 2026-05-30T07:03:06Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Julius Omozuanvbo Ihonvbere | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1956|6|25}} | birth_place = Oyo, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin kimiyyar siyasa, ɗan siyasa | party = All Progressives Congress (APC) | office = Jagoran Masu Rinjaye na Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayyar Najeriya | term_start = 2023 | constituency = Owan East/Owan West Federal Constituency, Jihar Edo | alma_mater = Obafemi Awolowo University, C... 843189 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Julius Omozuanvbo Ihonvbere | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1956|6|25}} | birth_place = Oyo, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin kimiyyar siyasa, ɗan siyasa | party = All Progressives Congress (APC) | office = Jagoran Masu Rinjaye na Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayyar Najeriya | term_start = 2023 | constituency = Owan East/Owan West Federal Constituency, Jihar Edo | alma_mater = Obafemi Awolowo University, Carleton University, University of Toronto }} '''Julius Omozuanvbo Ihonvbere''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Yuni, 1956) farfesa ne a fannin Kimiyyar Siyasa, marubuci, mai fafutukar dimokuraɗiyya kuma ɗan siyasar Najeriya. Ya yi suna a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masana siyasa na Afirka da suka yi rubuce-rubuce masu yawa kan dimokuraɗiyya, mulki nagari, haƙƙin ɗan Adam da ci gaban ƙasashe masu tasowa. A halin yanzu yana wakiltar mazabar Owan East/Owan West ta Jihar Edo a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayyar Najeriya kuma yana matsayin Jagoran Masu Rinjaye (Majority Leader) a majalisar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/meet-the-new-principal-officers-of-house-of-representatives/ |title=Meet the new principal officers of House of Representatives |website=BusinessDay |date=2023-07-05 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.naijanews.com/2023/07/05/profiles-of-the-new-10th-house-of-reps-principal-officers/ |title=Profiles Of The New 10th House Of Reps Principal Officers |website=Naija News |date=2023-07-05 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Julius Ihonvbere a garin Oyo a tsohuwar Yankin Yammacin Najeriya. Ya yi karatun firamare da sakandare a makarantu daban-daban da suka haɗa da CMS Primary School da St. John's CAC School kafin ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare a Edo Boys High School da ke Benin City.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/meet-the-new-principal-officers-of-house-of-representatives/ |title=Meet the new principal officers of House of Representatives |website=BusinessDay |date=2023-07-05 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Daga nan ya samu digirin BA (Combined Honours) a Tarihi da Kimiyyar Siyasa daga Jami'ar Ife (wadda yanzu ake kira Obafemi Awolowo University). Bayan haka ya sami digirin MA a Harkokin Ƙasa da Ƙasa daga Carleton University a Ottawa, Kanada, sannan ya kammala digirin digirgir (PhD) a Kimiyyar Siyasa daga University of Toronto a shekarar 1984.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://juliusihonvbere.com/about/ |title=About Julius Ihonvbere |website=Julius Ihonvbere Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin ilimi == Ihonvbere ya fara aikinsa na koyarwa a Jami'ar Ife a matsayin mataimakin malami a fannin Hulɗar Ƙasashe da Ƙasa. Daga baya ya koyar a Jami'ar Port Harcourt da kuma wasu manyan jami'o'in Najeriya. Ya kuma kasance Farfesa Mai Ziyara (Visiting Professor) a University of Toronto da kuma University of Texas at Austin a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://juliusihonvbere.com/about/ |title=About Julius Ihonvbere |website=Julius Ihonvbere Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A lokacin mulkin soja a Najeriya, ya kasance cikin fitattun masu fafutukar dawo da dimokuraɗiyya. Saboda matsin lamba daga gwamnati, ya yi gudun hijira zuwa ƙasashen waje inda ya ci gaba da koyarwa da bincike kan siyasa, dimokuraɗiyya da haƙƙin ɗan Adam.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://juliusihonvbere.com/about/ |title=About Julius Ihonvbere |website=Julius Ihonvbere Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Bincike da rubuce-rubuce == Julius Ihonvbere ya yi fice wajen nazarin: * Dimokuraɗiyya a Afirka * Mulki nagari * Tsarin mulkin ƙasashe masu tasowa * Dangantakar gwamnati da ƙungiyoyin farar hula * Haƙƙin ɗan Adam * Tasirin dunkulewar duniya (globalization) Ya wallafa littattafai da maƙaloli masu yawa a mujallu na ilimi na duniya. Wasu daga cikin ayyukansa sun mayar da hankali kan kalubalen dimokuraɗiyya da ci gaban siyasa a Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://juliusihonvbere.com/about/ |title=About Julius Ihonvbere |website=Julius Ihonvbere Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ayyukan gwamnati == Bayan dawowarsa Najeriya, Ihonvbere ya shiga aikin gwamnati inda ya riƙe mukamai da dama. Ya kasance Mai Ba Shugaban Ƙasa Shawara kan Tsare-tsaren Ayyuka da Bibiyar Manufofi a lokacin gwamnatin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. Haka kuma ya taɓa zama Sakataren Gwamnatin Jihar Edo.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://juliusihonvbere.com/about/ |title=About Julius Ihonvbere |website=Julius Ihonvbere Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Siyasa == Ihonvbere ya shiga siyasar jam'iyya inda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin jagororin jam'iyyar APC. Ya wakilci mazabar Owan Federal Constituency a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya. A shekarar 2023 an naɗa shi Jagoran Masu Rinjaye na Majalisar Wakilai ta 10.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.naijanews.com/2023/07/05/profiles-of-the-new-10th-house-of-reps-principal-officers/ |title=Profiles Of The New 10th House Of Reps Principal Officers |website=Naija News |date=2023-07-05 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Kafin haka ya shugabanci Kwamitin Ilimin Farko (House Committee on Basic Education) a Majalisar Wakilai, inda ya yi kira ga inganta tsarin ilimi da aiwatar da manufofin da suka shafi ci gaban ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/12/apc-govs-fighting-oshiomhole-to-succeed-buhari-ihonvbere/ |title=APC govs fighting Oshiomhole to succeed Buhari — Ihonvbere |website=Vanguard Newspaper |date=2019-12-15 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da girmamawa == An karrama Ihonvbere da lambobin yabo da dama na ƙasa da ƙasa saboda gudummawar da ya bayar a fannin ilimi, bincike da siyasa. Ya kasance memba a cibiyoyi da ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na ilimi da ci gaban dimokuraɗiyya a Afirka da duniya baki ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://juliusihonvbere.com/about/ |title=About Julius Ihonvbere |website=Julius Ihonvbere Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Zaɓaɓɓun littattafai == * ''Political Liberalisation and Democratisation in Africa: Lessons from Country Experiences'' (tare da John Mukum Mbaku) * ''The Politics of Reform in Ghana'' * ''Economic Crisis, Civil Society and Democratization'' * ''Nigeria: n3pps5yjs8b0d3tiqzyf3ectkv0lt2z 0 153366 843191 2026-05-30T07:03:35Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | name = Nigeria Universities Games Association | abbreviation = NUGA | founded = 1965 | headquarters = Abuja, Najeriya | type = Ƙungiyar wasannin jami'o'i | region_served = Najeriya | membership = Jami'o'in gwamnati da masu zaman kansu | website = https://www.nuga.com.ng }} '''Nigeria Universities Games Association''' ('''NUGA''') ƙungiya ce da ke kula da shirya da gudanar da gasar wasannin jami'o'i a Najeriya. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a shekarar 1965 bay... 843191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = Nigeria Universities Games Association | abbreviation = NUGA | founded = 1965 | headquarters = Abuja, Najeriya | type = Ƙungiyar wasannin jami'o'i | region_served = Najeriya | membership = Jami'o'in gwamnati da masu zaman kansu | website = https://www.nuga.com.ng }} '''Nigeria Universities Games Association''' ('''NUGA''') ƙungiya ce da ke kula da shirya da gudanar da gasar wasannin jami'o'i a Najeriya. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a shekarar 1965 bayan kammala gasar farko ta '''West African University Games''' da aka gudanar a Jami'ar Ibadan. NUGA tana haɗa jami'o'i daga sassa daban-daban na ƙasar domin bunƙasa wasanni, gano hazaka, da ƙarfafa haɗin kai tsakanin ɗalibai. A halin yanzu ƙungiyar tana da mambobin jami'o'i sama da tamanin daga jami'o'in tarayya, na jihohi da masu zaman kansu.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nuga.com.ng/about.jsp |title=About NUGA |publisher=Nigerian University Games Association |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa NUGA ne a watan Yulin shekarar 1965, jim kaɗan bayan gasar farko ta West African University Games da aka gudanar a Jami'ar Ibadan. A shekarar 1966 ne aka shirya gasar NUGA ta farko, inda jami'o'i biyar da suke akwai a Najeriya a lokacin suka halarta, wato Jami'ar Ibadan, Jami'ar Najeriya Nsukka, Jami'ar Legas, Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da kuma Jami'ar Ife (yanzu Obafemi Awolowo University).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nuga.com.ng/about.jsp |title=About NUGA |publisher=Nigerian University Games Association |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta, NUGA ta zama babbar dandalin wasannin jami'o'i a Najeriya. Yawan jami'o'in da ke shiga gasar ya ƙaru sosai tare da bunƙasar harkokin wasanni a cibiyoyin ilimi. Rahotanni sun nuna cewa dubban 'yan wasa da jami'o'i da dama suna shiga gasar a kowane zangon gudanarwa.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nuga.com.ng/ |title=Welcome To NUGA |publisher=NUGA |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manufofi == Babban manufar NUGA ita ce haɗa ilimi da wasanni domin samar da cikakken ci gaban ɗalibai. Ƙungiyar tana ƙarfafa gasa cikin adalci, gano sabbin hazikan 'yan wasa, da kuma samar da damar da za su kai ga wakiltar Najeriya a manyan gasa na duniya kamar Gasar Commonwealth da Wasannin Olympics.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nuga.com.ng/index.jsp |title=NUGA Overview |publisher=NUGA |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma NUGA tana gudanar da taruka, horaswa da shirye-shiryen bunƙasa shugabanci ga masu kula da wasanni da ɗalibai domin ƙarfafa ci gaban wasanni a jami'o'in Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nuga.com.ng/ |title=Welcome To NUGA |publisher=NUGA |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Wasannin da ake gudanarwa == A farkon kafuwarta, wasanni kaɗan ne kawai ake gudanarwa a ƙarƙashin NUGA. Sai dai a tsawon lokaci adadin ya ƙaru zuwa wasanni daban-daban da suka haɗa da: * Athletics * Badminton * Basketball * Chess * Cricket * Football * Handball * Hockey * Judo * Karate * Scrabble * Squash * Swimming * Table Tennis * Taekwondo * Tennis * Volleyball * E-sports Waɗannan wasanni suna ba ɗalibai damar fafatawa a matakin ƙasa tare da nuna ƙwarewarsu.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nuga.com.ng/about.jsp |title=About NUGA |publisher=NUGA |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Gasar NUGA == Gasar NUGA tana gudana duk bayan shekaru biyu, kuma tana haɗa jami'o'i daga sassa daban-daban na Najeriya. Ana ɗaukar gasar a matsayin mafi girman taron wasannin jami'o'i a ƙasar, inda dubban ɗalibai ke fafatawa a fannoni daban-daban na wasanni.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nuga.com.ng/ |title=Nigerian University Games |publisher=NUGA |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A gasar NUGA ta 2025 da aka gudanar a Jami'ar Jos, an samu halartar 'yan wasa sama da 4,000 daga jami'o'i daban-daban tare da gudanar da wasanni guda 23. Masu shirya gasar sun bayyana taron a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan gasannin NUGA a tarihin ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/833914-27th-nuga-games-open-at-unijos.html |title=27th NUGA Games open at UNIJOS |publisher=Premium Times |date=8 November 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Rahotanni daga kafofin yaɗa labarai sun nuna cewa gasar NUGA ta 2025 ta kafa sabbin tarihi wajen yawan jami'o'in da suka halarta da kuma yawan mahalarta taron, abin da ke nuna ci gaba da bunƙasar wasannin jami'o'i a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thenigeriaeducationnews.com/2025/11/09/nuga-2025-record-91-universities-participate-as-university-of-jos-hosts-historic-games/ |title=NUGA 2025: Record 91 Universities Participate as University of Jos Hosts Historic Games |publisher=Nigeria Education News |date=9 November 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tasiri == NUGA ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gano da haɓaka hazikan 'yan wasa da suka wakilci Najeriya a matakan duniya. Wasu daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan Najeriya sun fara fitowa ne ta hanyar gasa da shirye-shiryen wasannin jami'o'i kafin su zama ƙwararrun 'yan wasa a matakin ƙasa da na duniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nuga.com.ng/about.jsp |title=About NUGA |publisher=NUGA |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Baya ga fannin wasanni, ƙungiyar tana taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa haɗin kai tsakanin ɗalibai daga kabilu da yankuna daban-daban na Najeriya, ta hanyar amfani da wasanni a matsayin hanyar gina zumunci da fahimtar juna.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/833914-27th-nuga-games-open-at-unijos.html |title=27th NUGA Games open at UNIJOS |publisher=Premium Times |date=8 November 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[West African University Games]] * [[Federation of Africa University Sports]] * [[International University Sports Federation]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Wasanni a Najeriya]] [[Category:Kungiyoyin wasanni na Najeriya]] [[Category:Jami'o'i a Najeriya]] [[Category:An kafa su a 1965]] ttt9a31l4zt044f9fbuk627jkjt4jxc 0 153367 843193 2026-05-30T07:03:51Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347550770|Taha Basry]]" 843193 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Taha Basry''' ( Arabic ; 2 Oktoba 1946 &#x2013; 2 Afrilu 2014) <ref>{{Cite web |title=اليوم السابع |url=http://www1.youm7.com/News.asp?NewsID=1590857 |access-date=2018-07-10 |website=اليوم السابع |language=ar-AR}}</ref> ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne kuma manaja [[Misirawa|a Masar]] . == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Taha Basry Bekheit Mokhtar a ranar 2 ga Oktoba, 1946 a ƙauyen El-Gabal El-Asfar, Qalyubiyya . Ya fito daga dangin matsakaicin matsayi, kuma asalinsa daga kudancin [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan ne]] . A fannin El-Gabal El-Asfar, Taha Basry ya fito a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-02 |title=اليوم.. ذكرى رحيل طه بصرى نجم الزمالك ومنتخب مصر الأسبق |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2023/4/2/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%89-%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%B7%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%89-%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%82/6135564 |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=اليوم السابع |language=ar}}</ref> == Sana'ar wasa == === Aikin kulob === Taha Basry ya shiga ƙungiyar matasa ta Zamalek a ƙarshen shekarun 1950. Ya buga dukkan shekarunsa na ƙuruciya a Zamalek. Ya nuna hazaka a gasar matasa kuma an sauya shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko ta Zamalek a kakar wasa ta 1965-66 . [[Fayil:Zamalek_SC_1969.jpg|thumb|235x235px|Basry (zama na biyu daga hagu) tare da Zamalek a shekarar 1969]] Basry ya fito cikin sauri a cikin tsararrakinsa a shekarun 1960. "Eusebio" na Masar (wanda aka laƙaba wa masu kallon wasan Masar) ya yi fice a wasan da Zamalek ta yi da [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a watan Nuwamba na 1966, wanda Zamalek ya ci da ci 5-1, kuma Basry ya zura kwallo ɗaya, yayin da Hamada Emam (kwallaye uku) da Abdel-Karim El-Gohary suka zura sauran kwallayen. Ya buga wasanni biyu daga 1966–67, inda ya zama babban ɗan wasa a ƙungiyar. Bayan da wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa suka tsaya bayan Yaƙin 1967. Ya shafe shekaru uku tare da Zamalek tsakanin horo, wasanni na sada zumunci, da tafiye-tafiyen ƙasashen waje, lokacin da [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] ya ɗauke shi aiki don ya shiga gasar zakarun Afirka . A kakar wasa ta 1970-71, ya sami korar Zamalek daga sharaɗin don ya buga wa Kuwait Al Arabi . Ya buga gasar cin kofin AFC tare da abokin wasansa na Masar kuma abokin wasansa na Zamalek [[Hassan Shehata]] . Ƙungiyarsa ta lashe kofin Emir sau ɗaya da kuma gasar haɗin gwiwa ta Kuwait sau biyu tare da Al Arabi, kuma ya ci gaba da bugawa a Kuwait har zuwa watan Yunin 1974. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1974 {{!}} طه بصري الزملكاوي العرباوي: وداعًا لملاعب الكويت وجمهُورها.. وقضيت مع "العربي" أجمل أيامي |url=https://www.alqabas.com/article/5787031 |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=جريدة القبس}}</ref> [[Fayil:Taha_Basry_2.jpg|thumb|210x210px|Basry tare da Zamalek a shekarar 1975]] [[Fayil:T_Basry,_F_Gaafar_&_H_Shehata.jpg|alt=T Basry, F Gaafar & H Shehata|left|thumb|210x210px|Basry (dama) tare da abokan wasan Zamalek; [[Hassan Shehata]] da Farouk Gaafar]] A wata hira da manema labarai, kafin ya tafi ya shiga Zamalek, <ref>{{Cite web |title=1974 {{!}} طه بصري الزملكاوي العرباوي: وداعًا لملاعب الكويت وجمهُورها.. وقضيت مع "العربي" أجمل أيامي |url=https://www.alqabas.com/article/5787031 |access-date=2024-05-05 |website=جريدة القبس}}</ref> Basry ya ce: {{Blockquote|"The most beautiful goal that I am proud of was with [[Ismaily SC|Ismaily]] on a trip to [[Tunisia]] in 1970 against the [[Espérance Sportive de Tunis]], where I scored a hat-trick and I am proud of the third goal for I executed it according to my thinking. There is a goal that I missed and I also regret it with Ismaily in the [[African Cup of Champions Clubs]] match against [[Asante Kotoko S.C.]], and it was a golden opportunity, and I am sorry because I remembered this goal from an easy ball that was missed. I could have changed the result and Ismaily would have won"}} Basry yana cikin tsararrakin [[Kwallon kafa a Masar|ƙwallon ƙafa na Masar]] marasa sa'a, tunda ayyukansu sun yi ƙasa a gasannin cikin gida na Masar. An dakatar da wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa saboda Yaƙin Rage Hankali, duk da haka, bayan Yaƙin Yom Kippur, an sake ci gaba da gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a [[Misra|Masar]], lokacin da [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] na Masar ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da Zamalek a watan Mayun 1974. Ya buga wasanni na tsawon shekaru huɗu, kuma ya zira kwallaye 19 a gasar Masar. Ya zira kwallaye kusan 30 a raga ga Zamalek a duk gasa. Ya yi nasara tare da Zamalek a gasar Premier ta Masar ( 1977–78 ), da kuma gasar cin kofin Masar sau biyu a ( 1974–75, 1976–77 ). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-02 |title=اليوم.. ذكرى رحيل طه بصرى نجم الزمالك ومنتخب مصر الأسبق |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2023/4/2/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%89-%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%B7%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%89-%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%82/6135564 |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=اليوم السابع |language=ar}}</ref> === Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa === Basry ya buga wa Masar wasa a karon farko a shekarar 1966. Ya wakilci ƙasarsa a jimillar wasanni 60, ɗaya daga cikin wasannin da ya fi tunawa shine wasan da ya buga da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|Morocco]] a gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 1972 a birnin Alkahira a shekarar 1971, kuma Masar ta yi nasara da ci 3-2. Ya buga wa ƙasarsa wasa a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 1970, kuma Masar ta kare a matsayi na uku. A gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 1974, wadda aka gudanar a Masar, masu masaukin baki sun kare a matsayi na uku. Shi ne kyaftin din Masar a gasar cin kofin kasashen Palestine ta 1975 a [[Tunisiya|Tunisia]], wanda Masar ta kare a matsayin zakara. A gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 1976, Basry ne kyaftin, kuma Masar ta kasance ta hudu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Boesenberg, Eric |last2=Stokkermans, Karel |last3=Mazet, François |name-list-style=amp |date=2007-02-21 |title=African Nations Cup 1976 - Final Tournament Details |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tables/76a.html |access-date=2009-08-10 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> Ya zura kwallaye 4 jimilla a [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka]] . Basry ya buga wa Masar wasanni 34 na kasa da kasa kuma ya zura kwallaye 9 na kasa da kasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palestine Cup 1972-1975 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesp/palestine-cups.html |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=www.rsssf.org}}</ref> == Aikin gudanarwa == Bayan ya yi ritaya, Basry ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan ƙwallon ƙafa a Zamalek, daga baya kuma ya horar da Zamalek da sauran ƙungiyoyin Masar, kamar Ghazl El Mahalla, Enppi, El Mokawloon, [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]], [[Al-Ittihad Alexandria Club|Al Ittihad Alexandria]], Haras El Hodood, [[Tala'a El Gaish SC|Talaea El Gaish]], da Petrojet . A matsayin mataimakin koci, Basry ya kasance wani ɓangare na ma'aikatan fasaha na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar wadda ta lashe Kofin Afirka na 1986. <ref>{{Cite web |title=وفاة طه بصري النجم السابق للزمالك ومصر |url=https://www.ajnet.me/sport/2014/4/2/%d9%88%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d9%87-%d8%a8%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83-%d9%88%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1 |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=الجزيرة نت |language=ar-EG}}</ref> A matakin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa, Basry ya jagoranci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 zuwa Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 16 a [[Kanada|Kanada a]] 1987. Ya kasance mataimakin koci na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta farko ta ƙasa da ta lashe Kofin Afirka na 1986 a Masar. Shi ne na farko da ya jagoranci Enppi bayan da ya haura zuwa gasar Premier ta Masar a kakar wasa ta 2003, kuma ya sami damar cimma manyan abubuwan mamaki na gasar a wannan kakar lokacin da ya jagoranci tawagarsa zuwa ga nasara a kan Al Ahly a zagaye na karshe na gasar da rashin zura kwallo a raga, wanda hakan ya cire Al Ahly daga saman teburin gasar kuma ya bai wa abokan hamayyarsa na gargajiya Zamalek lambar yabo. Mafi kyawun girmamawa a gare shi a wannan kakar ita ce ya sami lambar yabo ta mafi kyawun koci a Masar, saboda kyawawan sakamakon da ya samu tare da sabuwar ƙungiyar da aka haɓaka daga gasar rukuni na biyu, kuma aikinsa da ƙungiyar ya kai ga jagorancinsa don lashe Kofin Masar a kakar wasa ta 2004-05. An yaba masa a matsayin fitaccen ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa mai kyawawan ɗabi'u. == Mutuwa == An mayar da Basry zuwa sashin kulawa mai tsanani bayan an yi masa tiyatar tracheotomy a [[Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya (Masar)|Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya]] . Ya shiga suma sakamakon haka, kuma yanayin lafiyarsa ya tabarbare. Ya mutu yana da shekaru 68 a ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 2014. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2014]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1946]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3bkzk5qyk52jh77t4rsmv9wuo0g5f4x 843195 843193 2026-05-30T07:04:25Z Engineer014 44591 843195 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Taha Basry''' ( Arabic ; 2 Oktoba 1946 &#x2013; 2 Afrilu 2014) <ref>{{Cite web |title=اليوم السابع |url=http://www1.youm7.com/News.asp?NewsID=1590857 |access-date=2018-07-10 |website=اليوم السابع |language=ar-AR}}</ref> ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne kuma manaja [[Misirawa|a Masar]] . == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Taha Basry Bekheit Mokhtar a ranar 2 ga Oktoba, 1946 a ƙauyen El-Gabal El-Asfar, Qalyubiyya . Ya fito daga dangin matsakaicin matsayi, kuma asalinsa daga kudancin [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan ne]] . A fannin El-Gabal El-Asfar, Taha Basry ya fito a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-02 |title=اليوم.. ذكرى رحيل طه بصرى نجم الزمالك ومنتخب مصر الأسبق |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2023/4/2/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%89-%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%B7%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%89-%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%82/6135564 |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=اليوم السابع |language=ar}}</ref> == Sana'ar wasa == === Aikin kulob === Taha Basry ya shiga ƙungiyar matasa ta Zamalek a ƙarshen shekarun 1950. Ya buga dukkan shekarunsa na ƙuruciya a Zamalek. Ya nuna hazaka a gasar matasa kuma an sauya shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko ta Zamalek a kakar wasa ta 1965-66 . [[Fayil:Zamalek_SC_1969.jpg|thumb|235x235px|Basry (zama na biyu daga hagu) tare da Zamalek a shekarar 1969]] Basry ya fito cikin sauri a cikin tsararrakinsa a shekarun 1960. "Eusebio" na Masar (wanda aka laƙaba wa masu kallon wasan Masar) ya yi fice a wasan da Zamalek ta yi da [[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] a watan Nuwamba na 1966, wanda Zamalek ya ci da ci 5-1, kuma Basry ya zura kwallo ɗaya, yayin da Hamada Emam (kwallaye uku) da Abdel-Karim El-Gohary suka zura sauran kwallayen. Ya buga wasanni biyu daga 1966–67, inda ya zama babban ɗan wasa a ƙungiyar. Bayan da wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa suka tsaya bayan Yaƙin 1967. Ya shafe shekaru uku tare da Zamalek tsakanin horo, wasanni na sada zumunci, da tafiye-tafiyen ƙasashen waje, lokacin da [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] ya ɗauke shi aiki don ya shiga gasar zakarun Afirka . A kakar wasa ta 1970-71, ya sami korar Zamalek daga sharaɗin don ya buga wa Kuwait Al Arabi . Ya buga gasar cin kofin AFC tare da abokin wasansa na Masar kuma abokin wasansa na Zamalek [[Hassan Shehata]] . Ƙungiyarsa ta lashe kofin Emir sau ɗaya da kuma gasar haɗin gwiwa ta Kuwait sau biyu tare da Al Arabi, kuma ya ci gaba da bugawa a Kuwait har zuwa watan Yunin 1974. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1974 {{!}} طه بصري الزملكاوي العرباوي: وداعًا لملاعب الكويت وجمهُورها.. وقضيت مع "العربي" أجمل أيامي |url=https://www.alqabas.com/article/5787031 |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=جريدة القبس}}</ref> [[Fayil:Taha_Basry_2.jpg|thumb|210x210px|Basry tare da Zamalek a shekarar 1975]] [[Fayil:T_Basry,_F_Gaafar_&_H_Shehata.jpg|alt=T Basry, F Gaafar & H Shehata|left|thumb|210x210px|Basry (dama) tare da abokan wasan Zamalek; [[Hassan Shehata]] da Farouk Gaafar]] A wata hira da manema labarai, kafin ya tafi ya shiga Zamalek, <ref>{{Cite web |title=1974 {{!}} طه بصري الزملكاوي العرباوي: وداعًا لملاعب الكويت وجمهُورها.. وقضيت مع "العربي" أجمل أيامي |url=https://www.alqabas.com/article/5787031 |access-date=2024-05-05 |website=جريدة القبس}}</ref> Basry ya ce: {{Blockquote|"The most beautiful goal that I am proud of was with [[Ismaily SC|Ismaily]] on a trip to [[Tunisia]] in 1970 against the [[Espérance Sportive de Tunis]], where I scored a hat-trick and I am proud of the third goal for I executed it according to my thinking. There is a goal that I missed and I also regret it with Ismaily in the [[African Cup of Champions Clubs]] match against [[Asante Kotoko S.C.]], and it was a golden opportunity, and I am sorry because I remembered this goal from an easy ball that was missed. I could have changed the result and Ismaily would have won"}} Basry yana cikin tsararrakin [[Kwallon kafa a Masar|ƙwallon ƙafa na Masar]] marasa sa'a, tunda ayyukansu sun yi ƙasa a gasannin cikin gida na Masar. An dakatar da wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa saboda Yaƙin Rage Hankali, duk da haka, bayan Yaƙin Yom Kippur, an sake ci gaba da gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a [[Misra|Masar]], lokacin da [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] na Masar ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da Zamalek a watan Mayun 1974. Ya buga wasanni na tsawon shekaru huɗu, kuma ya zira kwallaye 19 a gasar Masar. Ya zira kwallaye kusan 30 a raga ga Zamalek a duk gasa. Ya yi nasara tare da Zamalek a gasar Premier ta Masar ( 1977–78 ), da kuma gasar cin kofin Masar sau biyu a ( 1974–75, 1976–77 ). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-02 |title=اليوم.. ذكرى رحيل طه بصرى نجم الزمالك ومنتخب مصر الأسبق |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2023/4/2/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%89-%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%B7%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%89-%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%82/6135564 |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=اليوم السابع |language=ar}}</ref> === Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa === Basry ya buga wa Masar wasa a karon farko a shekarar 1966. Ya wakilci ƙasarsa a jimillar wasanni 60, ɗaya daga cikin wasannin da ya fi tunawa shine wasan da ya buga da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|Morocco]] a gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 1972 a birnin Alkahira a shekarar 1971, kuma Masar ta yi nasara da ci 3-2. Ya buga wa ƙasarsa wasa a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 1970, kuma Masar ta kare a matsayi na uku. A gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 1974, wadda aka gudanar a Masar, masu masaukin baki sun kare a matsayi na uku. Shi ne kyaftin din Masar a gasar cin kofin kasashen Palestine ta 1975 a [[Tunisiya|Tunisia]], wanda Masar ta kare a matsayin zakara. A gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta 1976, Basry ne kyaftin, kuma Masar ta kasance ta hudu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Boesenberg, Eric |last2=Stokkermans, Karel |last3=Mazet, François |name-list-style=amp |date=2007-02-21 |title=African Nations Cup 1976 - Final Tournament Details |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tables/76a.html |access-date=2009-08-10 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> Ya zura kwallaye 4 jimilla a [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka]] . Basry ya buga wa Masar wasanni 34 na kasa da kasa kuma ya zura kwallaye 9 na kasa da kasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Palestine Cup 1972-1975 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesp/palestine-cups.html |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=www.rsssf.org}}</ref> == Aikin gudanarwa == Bayan ya yi ritaya, Basry ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan ƙwallon ƙafa a Zamalek, daga baya kuma ya horar da Zamalek da sauran ƙungiyoyin Masar, kamar Ghazl El Mahalla, Enppi, El Mokawloon, [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]], [[Al-Ittihad Alexandria Club|Al Ittihad Alexandria]], Haras El Hodood, [[Tala'a El Gaish SC|Talaea El Gaish]], da Petrojet . A matsayin mataimakin koci, Basry ya kasance wani ɓangare na ma'aikatan fasaha na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar wadda ta lashe Kofin Afirka na 1986. <ref>{{Cite web |title=وفاة طه بصري النجم السابق للزمالك ومصر |url=https://www.ajnet.me/sport/2014/4/2/%d9%88%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d9%87-%d8%a8%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83-%d9%88%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1 |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=الجزيرة نت |language=ar-EG}}</ref> A matakin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa, Basry ya jagoranci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 zuwa Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 16 a [[Kanada|Kanada a]] 1987. Ya kasance mataimakin koci na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta farko ta ƙasa da ta lashe Kofin Afirka na 1986 a Masar. Shi ne na farko da ya jagoranci Enppi bayan da ya haura zuwa gasar Premier ta Masar a kakar wasa ta 2003, kuma ya sami damar cimma manyan abubuwan mamaki na gasar a wannan kakar lokacin da ya jagoranci tawagarsa zuwa ga nasara a kan Al Ahly a zagaye na karshe na gasar da rashin zura kwallo a raga, wanda hakan ya cire Al Ahly daga saman teburin gasar kuma ya bai wa abokan hamayyarsa na gargajiya Zamalek lambar yabo. Mafi kyawun girmamawa a gare shi a wannan kakar ita ce ya sami lambar yabo ta mafi kyawun koci a Masar, saboda kyawawan sakamakon da ya samu tare da sabuwar ƙungiyar da aka haɓaka daga gasar rukuni na biyu, kuma aikinsa da ƙungiyar ya kai ga jagorancinsa don lashe Kofin Masar a kakar wasa ta 2004-05. An yaba masa a matsayin fitaccen ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa mai kyawawan ɗabi'u. == Mutuwa == An mayar da Basry zuwa sashin kulawa mai tsanani bayan an yi masa tiyatar tracheotomy a [[Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya (Masar)|Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya]] . Ya shiga suma sakamakon haka, kuma yanayin lafiyarsa ya tabarbare. Ya mutu yana da shekaru 68 a ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 2014. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2014]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1946]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ouxk9tdeota5sxa3vtinfjn84h04boj 0 153368 843194 2026-05-30T07:04:19Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1320151857|Dongola Reach]]" 843194 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:NileCataractReaches.jpg|thumb|{{Center|Physiographic zones corresponding to distinct Reaches in the Nile}}]] [[Dongola]] Reach yana da kusan kilomita 160 a tsawon da ke gudana daga kogin na huɗu zuwa Cataracts na uku na Nilu a [[Nubia]] Upper, [[Sudan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nubia |url=http://geography.name/nubia/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250427070210/https://geography.name/nubia/ |archive-date=Apr 27, 2025 |website=Geography}}</ref> An sanya masa suna ne bayan garin Sudan na Dongola wanda ya mamaye wannan ɓangaren kogin, isa shine zuciyar tsohuwar Nubia. == Kudancin da Arewacin Dongola == Yankin da [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] ke gudana daga Cataract na huɗu zuwa kudu maso yamma yana yin babban S-shaped bend biye da tsarin Yankin Shear na Afirka ta Tsakiya shine '''Kudancin Dongola''' Reach. Yankin da yake gudana zuwa arewa daga karkata kuma ta hanyar Cataract na Uku shine '''Arewacin Dongola''' Reach. == Yanayin ƙasa == A cikin Dongola Reach Kogin Nilu ba shi da wani muhimmin kayan aiki na yau [[Korama|na kullum]]. Yana wucewa a kan mafi yawan sandstone kuma yana kewaye da [[Filin Ambaliyar|Filayen ambaliyar ruwa]]. A cikin ''Kudancin Dongola'' Reach Kogin Nilu ya haɗu da tsarin kogin Wadi Abu Dom, Wadi Muqaddam, Wadi Howar da Wadi Al-Malik. Yankin ''Arewacin Dongola'' ya ƙunshi wuraren noma a gefen gabas na kwarin Nilu kamar Kerma Basin, babban filin ambaliyar ruwa mai kyau wanda jerin hanyoyin palaeochannels suka ratsa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Woodward |first=Jamie |last2=Macklin |first2=Mark |last3=Fielding |first3=Laura |last4=Millar |first4=Ian |last5=Spencer |first5=Neal |last6=Welsby |first6=Derek |last7=Williams |first7=Martin |display-authors=1 |year=2015 |title=Shifting sediment sources in the world's longest river: A strontium isotope record for the Holocene Nile |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=130 |issue= |pages=124–140 |bibcode=2015QSRv..130..124W |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.10.040}}</ref> == Tarihi == ''Dongola Reach'' ya ƙunshi kayan tarihi daga ƙungiyoyin al'adu da dama daga tarihin yankin Tsakiyar Nilu, ciki har da al'adun Kerma, Masarautar Kush, da masarautar Makuria ta zamanin da. Yankin ''Kudancin Dongola Reach'' ya kasance alaƙa tsakanin [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]] a gabas da Wadi Howar a yamma, yana haɗa kwarin Nilu da Afirka ta ciki. Wuraren tarihi masu yawa waɗanda suka ƙunshi wurare daban-daban na tarihi waɗanda aka yi wa ado a gefen tsoffin hanyoyin Nilu a ''Arewacin Dongola Reach'' . [[Affad Basin|Affad 23]] wani wuri ne na tarihi da ke yankin [[Affad Basin|Affad]] na kudancin Dongola Reach a arewacin [[Sudan]], <ref name="Osypiński">{{Cite journal |last=Osypiński |first=Piotr |last2=Osypińska |first2=Marta |last3=Gautier |first3=Achilles |date=2011 |title=Affad 23, a Late Middle Palaeolithic Site With Refitted Lithics and Animal Remains in the Southern Dongola Reach, Sudan |journal=Journal of African Archaeology |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=177–188 |doi=10.3213/2191-5784-10186 |issn=1612-1651 |jstor=43135549 |oclc=7787802958 |s2cid=161078189}}</ref> wanda ke ɗauke da "ragowar sansanonin tarihi da aka kiyaye sosai (kayan tarihi na tsohuwar [[Bukka/ruga|bukka]] [[Yanayi na halitta|a buɗe]] a duniya) da kuma wurare daban-daban [[Farauta|na farauta]] da tattarawa kimanin shekaru 50,000". <ref name="Osypiński II">{{Cite web |last=Osypiński |first=Piotr |date=2020 |title=Unearthing Pan-African crossroad? Significance of the middle Nile valley in prehistory |url=https://projekty.ncn.gov.pl/opisy/480275-en.pdf |publisher=National Science Centre}}</ref> == Manazarta == t2mcev7onhdeenjmhxfxe7h00pno5k6 843196 843194 2026-05-30T07:04:38Z Pharouqenr 25549 843196 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:NileCataractReaches.jpg|thumb|{{Center|Physiographic zones corresponding to distinct Reaches in the Nile}}]] [[Dongola]] Reach yana da kusan kilomita 160 a tsawon da ke gudana daga kogin na huɗu zuwa Cataracts na uku na Nilu a [[Nubia]] Upper, [[Sudan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nubia |url=http://geography.name/nubia/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250427070210/https://geography.name/nubia/ |archive-date=Apr 27, 2025 |website=Geography}}</ref> An sanya masa suna ne bayan garin Sudan na Dongola wanda ya mamaye wannan ɓangaren kogin, isa shine zuciyar tsohuwar Nubia. == Kudancin da Arewacin Dongola == Yankin da [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] ke gudana daga Cataract na huɗu zuwa kudu maso yamma yana yin babban S-shaped bend biye da tsarin Yankin Shear na Afirka ta Tsakiya shine '''Kudancin Dongola''' Reach. Yankin da yake gudana zuwa arewa daga karkata kuma ta hanyar Cataract na Uku shine '''Arewacin Dongola''' Reach. == Yanayin ƙasa == A cikin Dongola Reach Kogin Nilu ba shi da wani muhimmin kayan aiki na yau [[Korama|na kullum]]. Yana wucewa a kan mafi yawan sandstone kuma yana kewaye da [[Filin Ambaliyar|Filayen ambaliyar ruwa]]. A cikin ''Kudancin Dongola'' Reach Kogin Nilu ya haɗu da tsarin kogin Wadi Abu Dom, Wadi Muqaddam, Wadi Howar da Wadi Al-Malik. Yankin ''Arewacin Dongola'' ya ƙunshi wuraren noma a gefen gabas na kwarin Nilu kamar Kerma Basin, babban filin ambaliyar ruwa mai kyau wanda jerin hanyoyin palaeochannels suka ratsa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Woodward |first=Jamie |last2=Macklin |first2=Mark |last3=Fielding |first3=Laura |last4=Millar |first4=Ian |last5=Spencer |first5=Neal |last6=Welsby |first6=Derek |last7=Williams |first7=Martin |display-authors=1 |year=2015 |title=Shifting sediment sources in the world's longest river: A strontium isotope record for the Holocene Nile |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=130 |issue= |pages=124–140 |bibcode=2015QSRv..130..124W |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.10.040}}</ref> == Tarihi == ''Dongola Reach'' ya ƙunshi kayan tarihi daga ƙungiyoyin al'adu da dama daga tarihin yankin Tsakiyar Nilu, ciki har da al'adun Kerma, Masarautar Kush, da masarautar Makuria ta zamanin da. Yankin ''Kudancin Dongola Reach'' ya kasance alaƙa tsakanin [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]] a gabas da Wadi Howar a yamma, yana haɗa kwarin Nilu da Afirka ta ciki. Wuraren tarihi masu yawa waɗanda suka ƙunshi wurare daban-daban na tarihi waɗanda aka yi wa ado a gefen tsoffin hanyoyin Nilu a ''Arewacin Dongola Reach'' . [[Affad Basin|Affad 23]] wani wuri ne na tarihi da ke yankin [[Affad Basin|Affad]] na kudancin Dongola Reach a arewacin [[Sudan]], <ref name="Osypiński">{{Cite journal |last=Osypiński |first=Piotr |last2=Osypińska |first2=Marta |last3=Gautier |first3=Achilles |date=2011 |title=Affad 23, a Late Middle Palaeolithic Site With Refitted Lithics and Animal Remains in the Southern Dongola Reach, Sudan |journal=Journal of African Archaeology |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=177–188 |doi=10.3213/2191-5784-10186 |issn=1612-1651 |jstor=43135549 |oclc=7787802958 |s2cid=161078189}}</ref> wanda ke ɗauke da "ragowar sansanonin tarihi da aka kiyaye sosai (kayan tarihi na tsohuwar [[Bukka/ruga|bukka]] [[Yanayi na halitta|a buɗe]] a duniya) da kuma wurare daban-daban [[Farauta|na farauta]] da tattarawa kimanin shekaru 50,000". <ref name="Osypiński II">{{Cite web |last=Osypiński |first=Piotr |date=2020 |title=Unearthing Pan-African crossroad? Significance of the middle Nile valley in prehistory |url=https://projekty.ncn.gov.pl/opisy/480275-en.pdf |publisher=National Science Centre}}</ref> == Manazarta == qwfm1r4itv07k156cft9adsijp69211 0 153369 843197 2026-05-30T07:05:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356424574|El Jebelein]]" 843197 wikitext text/x-wiki '''El Jebelein''' (Arabic), wanda aka fi sani da '''Al Jabalayn''', wani gari ne a tsakiyar [[Sudan]] a gabashin [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] . == Tarihi == Garin ya kasance wani ɓangare na Masarautar Shilluk, wanda ya wanzu a kan [[White Nile]] kuma yana da alaƙa da 'yan asalin Shilluk na yankin. Mazauna da yawa sun yi aiki a aikin gona saboda kusanci da garin ga White Nile.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2003 |title=مذبحة الجبلين 28/ديسمبر/1989 |trans-title=The Jabalayn Massacre, December 28, 1989 |url=https://sudaneseonline.com/board/285/msg/%D9%85%D8%B0%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86-28-%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1-1989-1185693024.html |access-date=22 April 2026}}</ref> Daga 28 zuwa 29 ga Disamba 1989, Kisan kiyashi na El Jebelein ya faru ne a cikin ƙauyen, yana nufin ma'aikatan Shilluk.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nearly 200 reported killed in Sudan clash - UPI Archives |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1990/01/03/Nearly-200-reported-killed-in-Sudan-clash/2297631342800/ |access-date=20 April 2026 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Kimanin gwamnati ya sanya adadin wadanda suka mutu a 150 zuwa 250, yayin da kafofin yankin suka kiyasta cewa kimanin fararen hula 1,500 ne aka kashe. Daga 2 zuwa 3 ga Disamba 2024, kimanin gidaje 3,069 sun yi hijira daga ƙauyuka shida a ciki da kusa da El Jebelein saboda hare-haren da RSF ta kai a yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2024 |title=DTM Sudan Flash Alert: Conflict in Aj Jabalain (Altboon Village), White Nile (Update 001): 05 December 2024 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/sudan/dtm-sudan-flash-alert-conflict-aj-jabalain-altboon-village-white-nile-update-001-05-december-2024 |access-date=20 April 2026 |website=[[International Organization for Migration]] |publisher=[[ReliefWeb]]}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2026, a lokacin [[Rikicin Sudan, 2023|Yaƙin basasar Sudan]], hare-haren jirgi guda biyu da RSF ta kai asibitin El Jebelein, inda ta kashe mutane 7 zuwa 12, ciki har da likitoci bakwai. Mutane ashirin da biyu sun ji rauni a harin. Ya faru ne kwana daya bayan wani harin jirgin sama wanda ya kai ga wani wurin ajiyar magani a Jihar White Nile ya ji wa mutane uku rauni, ciki har da likitan magani. Ƙungiyar Musulmi ta Duniya ta yi Allah wadai da yajin aikin a asibitin, tana mai cewa "babban keta dukkan dabi'un addini ne, da dokoki da ka'idojin jin kai na kasa da kasa". Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Sudan ta kuma yi Allah wadain da yajin, ta bayyana shi a matsayin "laifuka masu ban tsoro" wanda ya saba wa dokokin jin kai da ka'idodi. == Infrastructure == Wani reshe na Sudan Railways ne ya yi aiki da shi daga 1943 zuwa 1950.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUDAN RAILWAYS - PASSENGER STATIONS & STOPS |url=https://www.branchline.uk/jfpdf/sudanrlys.pdf |access-date=20 April 2026 |pages=March 2002}}</ref> Tashar El Jebelain a cikin garin wani bangare ne na kayan aikin sufuri na mai wanda ke haɗa filayen mai a Jihar Nilu ta Kudu, tare da tashar fitar da mai a tashar Marsa Bashayer a kan [[Red Sea|Bahar Maliya]], kudu da Port Sudan . <ref>{{Cite web |title=MARSA BASHAYER |url=https://ports.marinelink.com/ports/port/marsa-bashayer |access-date=22 April 2026 |website=[[World Ports Directory]]}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2025, jirage marasa matuka da makamai masu linzami da sojojin RSF suka kaddamar suka kai hari kan tashar, wanda ya haifar da lalata kayan aiki a shafin. Hudu daga cikin hare-haren ba a kai su ga tashar famfo ta mai ta yankin, inda suka kashe injiniya daya da ke aiki a shafin kuma suka ji wa wasu mutane hudu rauni. Kamfanin Bashayer Pipeline ya ba da umarnin rufe shafin na gaggawa. Darakta, Mohamed Awad, ya aika da wasika ga manyan jami'ai a Ma'aikatar Man Fetur da Kamfanin Man Fetur na [[Sudan ta Kudu]] game da lamarin. == Dubi kuma == * Rabak * Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Sudan * Yaƙin basasar Sudan na Biyu == Manazarta == 8p1jv1niczd9xxszqo4u98c2thq65v2 843198 843197 2026-05-30T07:05:37Z Pharouqenr 25549 843198 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''El Jebelein''' (Arabic), wanda aka fi sani da '''Al Jabalayn''', wani gari ne a tsakiyar [[Sudan]] a gabashin [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] . == Tarihi == Garin ya kasance wani ɓangare na Masarautar Shilluk, wanda ya wanzu a kan [[White Nile]] kuma yana da alaƙa da 'yan asalin Shilluk na yankin. Mazauna da yawa sun yi aiki a aikin gona saboda kusanci da garin ga White Nile.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2003 |title=مذبحة الجبلين 28/ديسمبر/1989 |trans-title=The Jabalayn Massacre, December 28, 1989 |url=https://sudaneseonline.com/board/285/msg/%D9%85%D8%B0%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86-28-%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1-1989-1185693024.html |access-date=22 April 2026}}</ref> Daga 28 zuwa 29 ga Disamba 1989, Kisan kiyashi na El Jebelein ya faru ne a cikin ƙauyen, yana nufin ma'aikatan Shilluk.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nearly 200 reported killed in Sudan clash - UPI Archives |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1990/01/03/Nearly-200-reported-killed-in-Sudan-clash/2297631342800/ |access-date=20 April 2026 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Kimanin gwamnati ya sanya adadin wadanda suka mutu a 150 zuwa 250, yayin da kafofin yankin suka kiyasta cewa kimanin fararen hula 1,500 ne aka kashe. Daga 2 zuwa 3 ga Disamba 2024, kimanin gidaje 3,069 sun yi hijira daga ƙauyuka shida a ciki da kusa da El Jebelein saboda hare-haren da RSF ta kai a yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2024 |title=DTM Sudan Flash Alert: Conflict in Aj Jabalain (Altboon Village), White Nile (Update 001): 05 December 2024 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/sudan/dtm-sudan-flash-alert-conflict-aj-jabalain-altboon-village-white-nile-update-001-05-december-2024 |access-date=20 April 2026 |website=[[International Organization for Migration]] |publisher=[[ReliefWeb]]}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2026, a lokacin [[Rikicin Sudan, 2023|Yaƙin basasar Sudan]], hare-haren jirgi guda biyu da RSF ta kai asibitin El Jebelein, inda ta kashe mutane 7 zuwa 12, ciki har da likitoci bakwai. Mutane ashirin da biyu sun ji rauni a harin. Ya faru ne kwana daya bayan wani harin jirgin sama wanda ya kai ga wani wurin ajiyar magani a Jihar White Nile ya ji wa mutane uku rauni, ciki har da likitan magani. Ƙungiyar Musulmi ta Duniya ta yi Allah wadai da yajin aikin a asibitin, tana mai cewa "babban keta dukkan dabi'un addini ne, da dokoki da ka'idojin jin kai na kasa da kasa". Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Sudan ta kuma yi Allah wadain da yajin, ta bayyana shi a matsayin "laifuka masu ban tsoro" wanda ya saba wa dokokin jin kai da ka'idodi. == Infrastructure == Wani reshe na Sudan Railways ne ya yi aiki da shi daga 1943 zuwa 1950.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUDAN RAILWAYS - PASSENGER STATIONS & STOPS |url=https://www.branchline.uk/jfpdf/sudanrlys.pdf |access-date=20 April 2026 |pages=March 2002}}</ref> Tashar El Jebelain a cikin garin wani bangare ne na kayan aikin sufuri na mai wanda ke haɗa filayen mai a Jihar Nilu ta Kudu, tare da tashar fitar da mai a tashar Marsa Bashayer a kan [[Red Sea|Bahar Maliya]], kudu da Port Sudan . <ref>{{Cite web |title=MARSA BASHAYER |url=https://ports.marinelink.com/ports/port/marsa-bashayer |access-date=22 April 2026 |website=[[World Ports Directory]]}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2025, jirage marasa matuka da makamai masu linzami da sojojin RSF suka kaddamar suka kai hari kan tashar, wanda ya haifar da lalata kayan aiki a shafin. Hudu daga cikin hare-haren ba a kai su ga tashar famfo ta mai ta yankin, inda suka kashe injiniya daya da ke aiki a shafin kuma suka ji wa wasu mutane hudu rauni. Kamfanin Bashayer Pipeline ya ba da umarnin rufe shafin na gaggawa. Darakta, Mohamed Awad, ya aika da wasika ga manyan jami'ai a Ma'aikatar Man Fetur da Kamfanin Man Fetur na [[Sudan ta Kudu]] game da lamarin. == Dubi kuma == * Rabak * Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Sudan * Yaƙin basasar Sudan na Biyu == Manazarta == 7z17cp1u8wvd5y186l774nzcjr7h5bu 0 153370 843199 2026-05-30T07:05:55Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343659062|Hyphaene thebaica]]" 843199 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Hyphaene thebaica''''', tare da sunayen gama gari na dabino (Ar: دوم) da itacen gingerbread (kuma kuskuren dabino), wani nau'in itacen dabino ne tare da 'ya'yan itace mai kama da oval. Yana da asali a [[Yankin Larabawa]] da kuma arewacin rabin da yammacin [[Afirka]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url=https://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=101434 |access-date=2018-02-26 |website=apps.kew.org |language=en-GB}}</ref> inda aka rarraba shi sosai kuma yana girma a wuraren da ruwan kasa yake. == Bayyanawa == Itacen dabino na doum ita ce dabino mai tsayi kuma tana girma har zuwa {{Convert|17|m|0}} . Akwatin, wanda zai iya samun girth har zuwa {{Convert|90|cm|0}} in), rassan dichotomously kuma yana da tufts na manyan ganye a ƙarshen rassan. Yankin yana da santsi, launin toka mai duhu kuma yana ɗauke da alamun ganye da suka fadi. pecioles (tsuntsaye na ganye) suna da kimanin mita ɗaya, suna rufe reshe a tushe kuma suna dauke da yatsunsu masu lankwasawa sama. Shafuka suna da siffar fan kuma suna auna kimanin {{Convert|120|by|180|cm|0}} in). Ana samar da furanni na namiji da na mace a kan bishiyoyi daban-daban. inflorescences suna kama da bayyanar gabaɗaya, har zuwa kimanin {{Convert|1.2|m|0}} m (3 ft 11 in) tsawo, suna rassa ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma tare da spikes biyu ko uku da ke fitowa daga kowane reshe. Itacen mata suna samar da manyan 'ya'yan itace, kowannensu yana dauke da iri ɗaya, wanda ke kasancewa a kan itacen na dogon lokaci.<ref name="Agroforestry">{{Cite web |title=Factsheet: ''Hyphaene thebaica'' |url=http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Products/AFDbases/af/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=983 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302054303/http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Products/AFDbases/af/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=983 |archive-date=2014-03-02 |access-date=2014-02-25 |website=AgroForestryTree Database |publisher=World Agroforestry Centre}}</ref> == Rarraba da mazaunin == Itacen dabino na doum asalinsa ne a arewacin rabin Afirka. Yana da yawa a cikin [[Sahel]] kuma yana girma daga [[Muritaniya|Mauritania]] da [[Senegal]] a yamma, ta [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]], da gabas zuwa Masar, [[Kenya]], [[Somaliya]] da [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]]. Yana girma a yankunan da ke da ruwa a ƙasa kuma ana samunsa a gefen [[Kogi|kogin]] Nilu a [[Misra|Misira]] da [[Sudan]], a yankunan kogi na arewa maso yammacin [[Kenya]], da kuma Kogin Neja a Yammacin Afirka. Har ila yau, asalinsa ne a Levant da [[Yankin Larabawa]] (Palestine, Sinai, [[Yemen]] da [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]]) kuma an ruwaito shi a cikin Netherlands Antilles a cikin [[Karibiyan|Caribbean]]. Yana girma a oasis da oases, amma wani lokacin yana faruwa daga ruwa da kan tuddai masu duwatsu. Ba ya son ƙasa mai ruwa kuma yana da tsayayya sosai ga lalacewar gobarar daji.<ref name="Agroforestry">{{Cite web |title=Factsheet: ''Hyphaene thebaica'' |url=http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Products/AFDbases/af/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=983 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302054303/http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Products/AFDbases/af/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=983 |archive-date=2014-03-02 |access-date=2014-02-25 |website=AgroForestryTree Database |publisher=World Agroforestry Centre}}</ref> == Amfani da shi == [[Fayil:Hyphaene_thebaica_MS_6652.JPG|right|thumb|225x225px|Dandalin dabino a Benin]] === Abinci === Ana iya cin 'ya'yan itacen dabino na doum. A [[Eritrea]] sunanta shine ''Akat'', ko ''Akaat'' a cikin Harshen Tigre . Ana yin busassun launin ruwan kasa a cikin molasses, kek, da nama mai zaki. Ana iya cin ƙwayoyin da ba su manyanta ba. Ana kuma cin ganyen tsaba a matsayin kayan lambu. A [[Misra|ƙasar Masar]], masu sayar da kayan ciye-ciye a kan tituna da kuma shagunan ganye suna sayar da 'ya'yan itacen. Ya shahara a tsakanin yara, yana cin namansa mai daɗi amma mai tsami a ƙarƙashin ɓawon burodi mai sheƙi. A wasu lokutan, ana gasa ɓawon burodinsa da sukari a yi shi da ruwan sanyi na bazara, kamar yadda ake yin abin sha na Carob a ƙasar Masar. A yankin Diu, Una da Saurashtra na [[Gujarat]] (Indiya), ana kiran itacen da ''Bishiyar Hoka'' kuma 'ya'yan itacen ja da suka nuna ana ci ana kiransa da ''Hoka'' . A arewacin Najeriya, a tsakanin [[Hausawa|mutanen Hausawa]], ana kiransa da ''Goruba'' . A kudu maso gabashin Nijar, ana kiran ɓawon 'ya'yan itacen da ''bri'' kuma ana yin wani ɗanyen burodi na gargajiya da aka sani da ɗanyen burodi da wannan ɓawon burodi a matsayin kayan ƙanshi, wanda ake kira ''massan bri.'' == Manazarta == th548m20fzlqiusezoixprovxwxy5k6 843200 843199 2026-05-30T07:06:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 843200 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Hyphaene thebaica''''', tare da sunayen gama gari na dabino (Ar: دوم) da itacen gingerbread (kuma kuskuren dabino), wani nau'in itacen dabino ne tare da 'ya'yan itace mai kama da oval. Yana da asali a [[Yankin Larabawa]] da kuma arewacin rabin da yammacin [[Afirka]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url=https://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=101434 |access-date=2018-02-26 |website=apps.kew.org |language=en-GB}}</ref> inda aka rarraba shi sosai kuma yana girma a wuraren da ruwan kasa yake. == Bayyanawa == Itacen dabino na doum ita ce dabino mai tsayi kuma tana girma har zuwa {{Convert|17|m|0}} . Akwatin, wanda zai iya samun girth har zuwa {{Convert|90|cm|0}} in), rassan dichotomously kuma yana da tufts na manyan ganye a ƙarshen rassan. Yankin yana da santsi, launin toka mai duhu kuma yana ɗauke da alamun ganye da suka fadi. pecioles (tsuntsaye na ganye) suna da kimanin mita ɗaya, suna rufe reshe a tushe kuma suna dauke da yatsunsu masu lankwasawa sama. Shafuka suna da siffar fan kuma suna auna kimanin {{Convert|120|by|180|cm|0}} in). Ana samar da furanni na namiji da na mace a kan bishiyoyi daban-daban. inflorescences suna kama da bayyanar gabaɗaya, har zuwa kimanin {{Convert|1.2|m|0}} m (3 ft 11 in) tsawo, suna rassa ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma tare da spikes biyu ko uku da ke fitowa daga kowane reshe. Itacen mata suna samar da manyan 'ya'yan itace, kowannensu yana dauke da iri ɗaya, wanda ke kasancewa a kan itacen na dogon lokaci.<ref name="Agroforestry">{{Cite web |title=Factsheet: ''Hyphaene thebaica'' |url=http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Products/AFDbases/af/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=983 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302054303/http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Products/AFDbases/af/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=983 |archive-date=2014-03-02 |access-date=2014-02-25 |website=AgroForestryTree Database |publisher=World Agroforestry Centre}}</ref> == Rarraba da mazaunin == Itacen dabino na doum asalinsa ne a arewacin rabin Afirka. Yana da yawa a cikin [[Sahel]] kuma yana girma daga [[Muritaniya|Mauritania]] da [[Senegal]] a yamma, ta [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]], da gabas zuwa Masar, [[Kenya]], [[Somaliya]] da [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]]. Yana girma a yankunan da ke da ruwa a ƙasa kuma ana samunsa a gefen [[Kogi|kogin]] Nilu a [[Misra|Misira]] da [[Sudan]], a yankunan kogi na arewa maso yammacin [[Kenya]], da kuma Kogin Neja a Yammacin Afirka. Har ila yau, asalinsa ne a Levant da [[Yankin Larabawa]] (Palestine, Sinai, [[Yemen]] da [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]]) kuma an ruwaito shi a cikin Netherlands Antilles a cikin [[Karibiyan|Caribbean]]. Yana girma a oasis da oases, amma wani lokacin yana faruwa daga ruwa da kan tuddai masu duwatsu. Ba ya son ƙasa mai ruwa kuma yana da tsayayya sosai ga lalacewar gobarar daji.<ref name="Agroforestry">{{Cite web |title=Factsheet: ''Hyphaene thebaica'' |url=http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Products/AFDbases/af/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=983 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302054303/http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Products/AFDbases/af/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=983 |archive-date=2014-03-02 |access-date=2014-02-25 |website=AgroForestryTree Database |publisher=World Agroforestry Centre}}</ref> == Amfani da shi == [[Fayil:Hyphaene_thebaica_MS_6652.JPG|right|thumb|225x225px|Dandalin dabino a Benin]] === Abinci === Ana iya cin 'ya'yan itacen dabino na doum. A [[Eritrea]] sunanta shine ''Akat'', ko ''Akaat'' a cikin Harshen Tigre . Ana yin busassun launin ruwan kasa a cikin molasses, kek, da nama mai zaki. Ana iya cin ƙwayoyin da ba su manyanta ba. Ana kuma cin ganyen tsaba a matsayin kayan lambu. A [[Misra|ƙasar Masar]], masu sayar da kayan ciye-ciye a kan tituna da kuma shagunan ganye suna sayar da 'ya'yan itacen. Ya shahara a tsakanin yara, yana cin namansa mai daɗi amma mai tsami a ƙarƙashin ɓawon burodi mai sheƙi. A wasu lokutan, ana gasa ɓawon burodinsa da sukari a yi shi da ruwan sanyi na bazara, kamar yadda ake yin abin sha na Carob a ƙasar Masar. A yankin Diu, Una da Saurashtra na [[Gujarat]] (Indiya), ana kiran itacen da ''Bishiyar Hoka'' kuma 'ya'yan itacen ja da suka nuna ana ci ana kiransa da ''Hoka'' . A arewacin Najeriya, a tsakanin [[Hausawa|mutanen Hausawa]], ana kiransa da ''Goruba'' . A kudu maso gabashin Nijar, ana kiran ɓawon 'ya'yan itacen da ''bri'' kuma ana yin wani ɗanyen burodi na gargajiya da aka sani da ɗanyen burodi da wannan ɓawon burodi a matsayin kayan ƙanshi, wanda ake kira ''massan bri.'' == Manazarta == jfo4dbb2akvzswclwndxn4v6nrzvz4j 0 153371 843201 2026-05-30T07:06:31Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1178442884|Kerma Basin]]" 843201 wikitext text/x-wiki Kerma Basin yanki ne mai laushi mai laushi a ƙasa da Cataract na Uku na Nilu a Jihar Arewa, Sudan . Ya shimfiɗa a kan nisan kusan kilomita 60 yana da [[Filin Ambaliyar|ambaliyar ruwa]] a cikin Dongola Reach yana haifar da mafi girman ɓangaren ƙasar noma tsakanin [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] da na huɗu na Nilu. A matsakaicin matsakaicin kimanin kadada 70,000 (<sup>2</sup> km2) na iya ambaliyar Nilu ta shekara-shekara, amma shekara ta yau da kullun tana ganin kusan rabin hakan. Wannan ya haifar da yawan jama'a a tarihi wanda ya daɗe ya sanya Kerma Basin ɗaya daga cikin sassan tsakiya na Nubia. Tsohon birnin Kerma yana cikin kwandon. A wannan lokacin [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] ya gudana a cikin tashoshin da aka raba a fadin kwandon, yana ƙara yawan ƙasar noma da kuma inganta fitowar al'ummomin da suka ci gaba kamar Masarautar Kerma. <ref>The Oxford Handbook of African Archaeology; 2013; {{ISBN|9780199569885}}; p.754.</ref>&nbsp; == Manazarta == qba0wnosvjo4bwo8zs0ltz2fl8dhr8y 843202 843201 2026-05-30T07:06:54Z Pharouqenr 25549 843202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Kerma Basin yanki ne mai laushi mai laushi a ƙasa da Cataract na Uku na Nilu a Jihar Arewa, Sudan . Ya shimfiɗa a kan nisan kusan kilomita 60 yana da [[Filin Ambaliyar|ambaliyar ruwa]] a cikin Dongola Reach yana haifar da mafi girman ɓangaren ƙasar noma tsakanin [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] da na huɗu na Nilu. A matsakaicin matsakaicin kimanin kadada 70,000 (<sup>2</sup> km2) na iya ambaliyar Nilu ta shekara-shekara, amma shekara ta yau da kullun tana ganin kusan rabin hakan. Wannan ya haifar da yawan jama'a a tarihi wanda ya daɗe ya sanya Kerma Basin ɗaya daga cikin sassan tsakiya na Nubia. Tsohon birnin Kerma yana cikin kwandon. A wannan lokacin [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] ya gudana a cikin tashoshin da aka raba a fadin kwandon, yana ƙara yawan ƙasar noma da kuma inganta fitowar al'ummomin da suka ci gaba kamar Masarautar Kerma. <ref>The Oxford Handbook of African Archaeology; 2013; {{ISBN|9780199569885}}; p.754.</ref>&nbsp; == Manazarta == tuw9l5h9svf6ak188r7zzttnbynnxpo 0 153372 843203 2026-05-30T07:07:15Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334418293|List of crossings of the Nile River]]" 843203 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Khartoum,_Sudan_(32485465841)2.jpg|thumb|Babbar gada ta El Mek Nimr a Khartoum]] Wadannan gadoji sun ratsa daga Omdurman zuwa Khartoum North: * Babbar Mac Nimir<ref name="Dabanga Radio TV Online 2023 d272">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=The battle over Khartoum's bridges |url=https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/the-battle-for-khartoums-bridges |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810092505/https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/the-battle-for-khartoums-bridges |archive-date=10 August 2024 |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=Dabanga Radio TV Online}}</ref> * Hanyar Blue Nile da gadar jirgin kasa * [[Burri Bridge]] * Babbar gada ta Elmansheya<ref name="Salih 2023 a342">{{Cite web |last=Salih |first=Zeinab Mohammed |date=18 November 2023 |title=Sudan conflict: warring sides blame each other for strike on key bridge |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/18/sudan-conflict-strike-damages-dam-bridge-in-latest-key-infrastructure-damage |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810092505/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/18/sudan-conflict-strike-damages-dam-bridge-in-latest-key-infrastructure-damage |archive-date=10 August 2024 |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=the Guardian}}</ref> * Soba Bridge * [[White Nile Bridge]] * Victory Bridge, wanda aka fi sani da El Fitihab Bridge[[El Fitihab Bridge|Babbar gada ta El Fitihab]] Bridges masu zuwa sun haye zuwa Tuti daga biranen Khartoum guda uku: * [[Hafaya Bridge|Babbar Hafaya]] * Tuti Bridge <ref name="Dabanga Radio TV Online 2023 d272">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=The battle over Khartoum's bridges |url=https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/the-battle-for-khartoums-bridges |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810092505/https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/the-battle-for-khartoums-bridges |archive-date=10 August 2024 |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=Dabanga Radio TV Online}}</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da Khartoum North-Tuti bridge) <ref name="Fleming 2010 e185">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Lucy |date=18 May 2010 |title=Sudan's Nile Island joins the 21st Century |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/10121573 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930184149/https://www.bbc.com/news/10121573 |archive-date=30 September 2020 |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=BBC News}}</ref> * Shandi Bridge, Shendi{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2025}} * Atbarah Bridge, Atbarah * [[Madatsar ruwan Merowe|Merowe Dam]], Merowe * Merowe Bridge, Merowe * Aswan Bridge, [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] * Luxor Bridge, [[Luxor]] * Suhag Bridge, [[Suhag, Egypt|Suhag]] * Assiut Bridge, Assiut * Al Minya Bridge, Minya * Al Marazeek Bridge, Helwan * First Ring Road Bridge (Moneeb Crossing), [[Kairo|Cairo]] * Abbas Bridge, Cairo * University Bridge, Cairo * [[Ginin Qasr El Nil|Qasr al-Nil Bridge]], Cairo * 6th October Bridge, Cairo * Abu El Ela Bridge, Cairo (removed in 1998) * New Abu El Ela Bridge, Cairo * Imbaba Bridge, Cairo * Rod Elfarag Bridge, Cairo * Second Ring Road Bridge, Cairo * Banha Bridge, Banha * Samanoud Bridge, Samanoud * Mansoura 2 Bridges, Mansoura * Talkha Bridge, Talkha * Shirbine high Bridge * Shirbine Bridge * Kafr Sad – Farscor Bridge * International Coastal Road Bridge * Damietta high Bridge, Damietta * Damietta Bridge, Damietta * Kafr El Zayat Bridges, Kafr El Zayat * Zefta Bridge, Zefta == Hanyar wucewa daga Jinja, Uganda zuwa Khartoum == * Source of the Nile Bridge, Jinja, Uganda{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2025}} * River Nile Railway Bridge, Jinja, Uganda * Nalubaale Bridge, Jinja, Uganda (Formerly Owen Falls Bridge) * Karuma Bridge, Karuma, Uganda * Pakwach Bridge, Uganda == Manazarta == hi2b3kqlen313mjby0kabnli59en2v3 843205 843203 2026-05-30T07:07:42Z Pharouqenr 25549 843205 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Khartoum,_Sudan_(32485465841)2.jpg|thumb|Babbar gada ta El Mek Nimr a Khartoum]] Wadannan gadoji sun ratsa daga Omdurman zuwa Khartoum North: * Babbar Mac Nimir<ref name="Dabanga Radio TV Online 2023 d272">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=The battle over Khartoum's bridges |url=https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/the-battle-for-khartoums-bridges |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810092505/https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/the-battle-for-khartoums-bridges |archive-date=10 August 2024 |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=Dabanga Radio TV Online}}</ref> * Hanyar Blue Nile da gadar jirgin kasa * [[Burri Bridge]] * Babbar gada ta Elmansheya<ref name="Salih 2023 a342">{{Cite web |last=Salih |first=Zeinab Mohammed |date=18 November 2023 |title=Sudan conflict: warring sides blame each other for strike on key bridge |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/18/sudan-conflict-strike-damages-dam-bridge-in-latest-key-infrastructure-damage |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810092505/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/18/sudan-conflict-strike-damages-dam-bridge-in-latest-key-infrastructure-damage |archive-date=10 August 2024 |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=the Guardian}}</ref> * Soba Bridge * [[White Nile Bridge]] * Victory Bridge, wanda aka fi sani da El Fitihab Bridge[[El Fitihab Bridge|Babbar gada ta El Fitihab]] Bridges masu zuwa sun haye zuwa Tuti daga biranen Khartoum guda uku: * [[Hafaya Bridge|Babbar Hafaya]] * Tuti Bridge <ref name="Dabanga Radio TV Online 2023 d272">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=The battle over Khartoum's bridges |url=https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/the-battle-for-khartoums-bridges |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810092505/https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/the-battle-for-khartoums-bridges |archive-date=10 August 2024 |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=Dabanga Radio TV Online}}</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da Khartoum North-Tuti bridge) <ref name="Fleming 2010 e185">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Lucy |date=18 May 2010 |title=Sudan's Nile Island joins the 21st Century |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/10121573 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930184149/https://www.bbc.com/news/10121573 |archive-date=30 September 2020 |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=BBC News}}</ref> * Shandi Bridge, Shendi{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2025}} * Atbarah Bridge, Atbarah * [[Madatsar ruwan Merowe|Merowe Dam]], Merowe * Merowe Bridge, Merowe * Aswan Bridge, [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] * Luxor Bridge, [[Luxor]] * Suhag Bridge, [[Suhag, Egypt|Suhag]] * Assiut Bridge, Assiut * Al Minya Bridge, Minya * Al Marazeek Bridge, Helwan * First Ring Road Bridge (Moneeb Crossing), [[Kairo|Cairo]] * Abbas Bridge, Cairo * University Bridge, Cairo * [[Ginin Qasr El Nil|Qasr al-Nil Bridge]], Cairo * 6th October Bridge, Cairo * Abu El Ela Bridge, Cairo (removed in 1998) * New Abu El Ela Bridge, Cairo * Imbaba Bridge, Cairo * Rod Elfarag Bridge, Cairo * Second Ring Road Bridge, Cairo * Banha Bridge, Banha * Samanoud Bridge, Samanoud * Mansoura 2 Bridges, Mansoura * Talkha Bridge, Talkha * Shirbine high Bridge * Shirbine Bridge * Kafr Sad – Farscor Bridge * International Coastal Road Bridge * Damietta high Bridge, Damietta * Damietta Bridge, Damietta * Kafr El Zayat Bridges, Kafr El Zayat * Zefta Bridge, Zefta == Hanyar wucewa daga Jinja, Uganda zuwa Khartoum == * Source of the Nile Bridge, Jinja, Uganda{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2025}} * River Nile Railway Bridge, Jinja, Uganda * Nalubaale Bridge, Jinja, Uganda (Formerly Owen Falls Bridge) * Karuma Bridge, Karuma, Uganda * Pakwach Bridge, Uganda == Manazarta == 4bf4s5ed51i8i8a6ok4ysajrwqt4l2i 0 153373 843204 2026-05-30T07:07:28Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | clubname = GreenLock FC Foundation | fullname = GreenLock Football Club Foundation | nickname = GreenLock FC | founded = 2023 | ground = Bwari, Abuja, Najeriya | league = Nationwide League One (NLO) | chairman = Olubunmi Oladeinde Peters | owner = GreenLock FC Ltd }} '''GreenLock FC Foundation''' ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Najeriya da aka kafa a shekarar 2023 domin bunƙasa matasa masu baiwar ƙwallon ƙafa tare da samar musu da hanyoyin shiga ƙwa... 843204 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | clubname = GreenLock FC Foundation | fullname = GreenLock Football Club Foundation | nickname = GreenLock FC | founded = 2023 | ground = Bwari, Abuja, Najeriya | league = Nationwide League One (NLO) | chairman = Olubunmi Oladeinde Peters | owner = GreenLock FC Ltd }} '''GreenLock FC Foundation''' ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Najeriya da aka kafa a shekarar 2023 domin bunƙasa matasa masu baiwar ƙwallon ƙafa tare da samar musu da hanyoyin shiga ƙwararrun ƙungiyoyi a cikin Najeriya da ƙasashen waje. Ƙungiyar tana da hedikwata a Bwari, Abuja, kuma tana taka leda a gasar '''Nationwide League One (NLO)''', wadda ita ce mataki na uku a tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news |title=New NLO Club, Green Lock FC, Unveiled In Abuja |url=https://leadership.ng/new-nlo-club-green-lock-fc-unveiled-in-abuja/ |work=Leadership Newspaper |date=11 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Green Lock FC Will Transcend Nigeria, Says Olubunmi Peters |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2023/11/13/green-lock-fc-will-transcend-nigeria-says-olubunmi-peters/ |work=THISDAY |date=13 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == An ƙaddamar da GreenLock FC a hukumance a Abuja a watan Nuwamban 2023. Shugaban ƙungiyar, '''Olubunmi Oladeinde Peters''', ya bayyana cewa manufar kafa ƙungiyar ita ce samar da wata sabuwar hanya ta haɓaka ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya tare da ba wa matasa masu hazaka damar cimma burinsu na zama ƙwararrun 'yan wasa. A lokacin ƙaddamarwar, an kuma gabatar da tambarin ƙungiyar, kayan wasa da kuma shafin yanar gizon ta.<ref>{{cite news |title=Green Lock FC ordained for greater football revolutionary impact – Mgt |url=https://blueprint.ng/green-lock-fc-ordained-for-greater-football-revolutionary-impact-mgt/ |work=Blueprint Newspapers |date=12 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=New NLO Club, Green Lock FC, Unveiled In Abuja |url=https://leadership.ng/new-nlo-club-green-lock-fc-unveiled-in-abuja/ |work=Leadership Newspaper |date=11 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A cewar masu kafa ƙungiyar, GreenLock FC an gina ta ne domin zama cibiyar gano baiwa da horar da matasa ta hanyar amfani da ƙwararrun masu horarwa, fasahohin zamani da hanyoyin ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa da ake amfani da su a duniya. Ƙungiyar ta bayyana cewa tana son zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin haɓaka matasan 'yan wasa a Afirka.<ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://www.greenlockfc.org.ng/about-us/ |website=GreenLock FC |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=We Are In Football To Chart New Pathways For Young Aspiring Nigerian Players |url=https://www.greenlockfc.org.ng/we-are-in-football-to-chart-new-pathways-for-young-aspiring-nigerian-players/ |work=GreenLock FC |date=11 October 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manufa da hangen nesa == GreenLock FC Foundation tana da manufar taimaka wa matasa masu baiwar ƙwallon ƙafa wajen samun ilimi, horo da damar shiga manyan ƙungiyoyi na duniya. Hangen nesan ƙungiyar shi ne zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyin da ke samar da 'yan wasa ga ƙasashen duniya tare da inganta martabar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya da Afirka baki ɗaya.<ref>{{cite web |title=Green Lock FC |url=https://www.greenlockfc.org.ng/ |website=GreenLock FC |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Green Lock FC Will Transcend Nigeria, Says Olubunmi Peters |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2023/11/13/green-lock-fc-will-transcend-nigeria-says-olubunmi-peters/ |work=THISDAY |date=13 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == GreenLock Football Academy == A shekarar 2025 ƙungiyar ta ƙaddamar da '''GreenLock Football Academy''' a Lagos. Akademiyar tana haɗa horon ƙwallon ƙafa da ilimin boko domin tabbatar da cewa ɗalibai suna samun ilimi tare da ci gaba a harkar wasanni. Cibiyar tana da filayen horo na zamani, ɗakunan karatu na dijital, wuraren motsa jiki da masauki ga ɗalibai.<ref>{{cite news |title=VIDEO: Green Lock FC Academy Opens in Lagos, Blending Football And Education For Young Talents |url=https://www.sports247.ng/video-green-lock-fc-academy-opens-in-lagos-blending-football-and-education-for-young-talents/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=2 October 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=VIDEO: Green Lock FC Academy Opens in Lagos, Blending Football And Education For Young Talents |url=https://faca.com.ng/web/2025/10/02/video-green-lock-fc-academy-opens-in-lagos-blending-football-and-education-for-young-talents/ |work=FACA |date=2 October 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Shugabar ayyukan akademiyar, '''Omowunmi Blessing Awe''', ta bayyana cewa tsarin GreenLock Football Academy ya mayar da hankali ne kan haɓaka fasahar wasa, ƙwarewar dabaru, lafiyar jiki, lafiyar kwakwalwa da kuma ilimi. Haka kuma cibiyar tana ba 'yan wasa tallafin ilimi, koyon harsunan ƙasashen waje da shirye-shiryen da ke taimaka musu wajen samun damar taka leda a ƙasashen duniya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Awe: GreenLock Football Academy Built For Success, Career Growth |url=https://www.sports247.ng/awe-greenlock-football-academy-built-for-success-career-growth/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=18 July 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Inside New, GreenLock Football Academy Structure Designed For Success, Career Growth |url=https://sahelsportsnews.com/2025/07/inside-new-greenlock-football-academy-structure-designed-for-success-career-growth/ |work=Sahel Sports News |date=22 July 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Haɗin gwiwa da ci gaban 'yan wasa == GreenLock FC ta kafa alaƙa da wasu ƙungiyoyi da cibiyoyin horarwa na ƙasashen waje domin samar wa 'yan wasanta damar ci gaba. A shekarar 2024, 'yan wasa biyar daga GreenLock FC sun koma ƙungiyar '''Gulf United FC''' ta Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa (UAE), abin da ya nuna irin rawar da ƙungiyar ke takawa wajen fitar da matasan 'yan wasa zuwa kasuwannin ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Historic Transfer: Five GreenLock FC Prodigies Join UAE’s Gulf United FC |url=https://nbs.na.gov.ng/2024/10/10/historic-transfer-five-greenlock-fc-prodigies-join-uaes-gulf-united-fc/ |work=Nasarawa Broadcasting Service |date=10 October 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Five GreenLock FC Prodigies Sign For Gulf United |url=https://sportsgister.com/2024/10/10/five-greenlock-fc-prodigies-sign-for-gulf-united/ |work=Sportsgister |date=10 October 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma ƙungiyar ta shiga haɗin gwiwa da ƙungiyar '''Antalyaspor''' ta Turkiyya domin bunƙasa horo da ci gaban 'yan wasa. A shekarar 2024 tawagar GreenLock FC ta kai ziyarar horaswa zuwa Antalya inda ta buga wasannin sada zumunci tare da kulla yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ɓangarorin biyu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Excellent Green Lock FC Returns to Nigeria, Praises Club Chairman |url=https://www.greenlockfc.org.ng/excellent-green-lock-fc-returns-to-nigeria-praises-club-chairman/ |work=GreenLock FC |date=26 March 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Greenlock FC: Turkish Football Experts Arrive Nigeria For Talents, Coaches Development |url=https://futball.com.ng/2024/11/09/greenlock-fc-turkish-football-experts-arrive-nigeria-for-talents-coaches-development/ |work=Futball Naija |date=9 November 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Gasanni == GreenLock FC tana fafatawa a gasar '''Nationwide League One (NLO)'''. Ƙungiyar ta bayyana cewa shiga wannan gasa wani muhimmin mataki ne na gina ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da kuma neman matsayi mafi girma a tsarin ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news |title=New NLO Club, Green Lock FC, Unveiled In Abuja |url=https://leadership.ng/new-nlo-club-green-lock-fc-unveiled-in-abuja/ |work=Leadership Newspaper |date=11 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Greenlock Academy joins NLO |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/football/greenlock-academy-joins-nlo/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=7 September 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na Najeriya]] [[Category:Kungiyoyin kwallon kafa da aka kafa a 2023]] [[Category:Wasanni a Abuja]] qwgoyxbnoa3o5ui8eh1krn7t1c7v3e0 0 153374 843206 2026-05-30T07:07:47Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328459976|Jorvan Vieira]]" 843206 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jorvan Vieira''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Satumba, 1953) kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil-Portuguese kuma tsohon ɗan wasa wanda ya buga wa Botafogo, Vasco da Gama da Portugal wasa a gasar Serie A ta Brazil, kuma manaja na yanzu. == Sana'a == === Sana'ar wasa === An haifi Vieira a Duque de Caxias, jihar Rio de Janeiro, [[Brazil]] . Ya fara aikinsa na ƙwallon ƙafa bayan ya yi karatun kimiyyar wasanni na tsawon shekaru huɗu, yana bugawa manyan ƙungiyoyin Brazil kamar Vasco da Gama, Botafogo da Portugal a shekarun 1970. <ref name="theworldgame.com.au">{{Cite web |title=The World Game |url=http://www.theworldgame.com.au/home/index.php?pid=st&cid=92700 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011085148/http://www.theworldgame.com.au/home/index.php?pid=st&cid=92700 |archive-date=October 11, 2007 |access-date=July 31, 2007}}</ref> === Aikin koyarwa === An nada Vieira a matsayin mataimakin manaja a ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|ƙwallon ƙafa ta Morocco]] a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA da aka yi a Mexico a shekarar 1986. Tare da ɗan ƙasarsa José Faria, ya jagoranci Morocco zuwa zagaye na biyu na gasar a matsayin wanda ya lashe gasar a rukuni a gaban Ingila, Portugal da Poland, Daga nan ya jagoranci ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta Kuwait <ref name="soccerblog.com">{{Cite web |title=SoccerBlog.com: Jorvan Vieira: Iraq's coach and an ambassador of peace |url=http://www.soccerblog.com/2007/07/jorvan_vieira_iraqs_coach_and.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928015448/http://www.soccerblog.com/2007/07/jorvan_vieira_iraqs_coach_and.htm |archive-date=September 28, 2007 |access-date=August 2, 2007}} Soccerblog Profile</ref> kafin ya yi wani abin birgewa kuma ya jagoranci Al Qadisiya zuwa gasar Kuwait, wanda hakan ya biyo bayan nasarar da ya samu lokacin da yake jagorantar ƙungiyar [[Ismaila SC|Al-Ismaili]] ta Masar a shekara ta 2001. An sake naɗa Vieira a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta Oman a wannan shekarar. Bayan ya shafe shekara guda a wannan aiki, Vieira ya ci gaba da horar da ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta Malaysia kafin ya koma Oman, inda ya jagoranci Al-Nasr Salalah zuwa gasar Sultan Qaboos, kuma ya kasance manajan Al-Ta'ee a Saudiyya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The AFC Asian Cup 2007 Official Website |url=http://www.afcasiancup.com/en/tournament/teams.asp?cid%3D1373%26sqid%3D950%26tbl%3DY |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716161132/http://www.afcasiancup.com/en/tournament/teams.asp?cid=1373&sqid=950&tbl=Y |archive-date=July 16, 2007 |access-date=July 14, 2007}} AFC Asian Cup Official Website</ref> A ranar 26 ga Disamba 2007 aka sanar a hukumance cewa Vieira ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da Mes Kerman FC a gasar Iran Pro League kan kimanin dala $640,000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mes Officials Begin Negotiations, Former Iraqi NT Head Coach in Kerman with 600 Mil |url=http://www.persianleague.com/news/Morenews.cfm?News=3728 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231132819/http://www.persianleague.com/news/Morenews.cfm?News=3728 |archive-date=December 31, 2007 |access-date=December 26, 2007 |website=persianleague.com}}</ref> Duk da haka, bayan 'yan kwanaki a ranar 29 ga Disamba, yarjejeniyar ta wargaje saboda dalilan kuɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vieira parts company with Mes |url=http://www.theworldgame.com.au/asia/index.php?pid=st&cid=102914 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815123228/http://theworldgame.sbs.com.au/asia/index.php?pid=st&cid=102914 |archive-date=August 15, 2011 |access-date=December 29, 2007 |website=theworldgame.com.au}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 2008, Vieira ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin watanni 18 da ƙungiyar AFC Champions League ta 2007, Sepahan FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sepahan names Vieira as new coach |url=http://www.iranproleague.net/news/Morenews.cfm?News=3805 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720183815/http://www.iranproleague.net/news/Morenews.cfm?News=3805 |archive-date=July 20, 2011 |access-date=February 2, 2008 |website=persianleague.com}}</ref> An kori Vieira daga Sepahan FC a ranar 9 ga Yuni, 2008, watanni 12 kafin kwantiraginsa ya ƙare. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vieira released by Sepahan |url=http://www.the-afc.com/eng/articles/viewArticle.jsp_167149577.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613095119/http://www.the-afc.com/eng/articles/viewArticle.jsp_167149577.html |archive-date=June 13, 2008 |access-date=June 10, 2008 |website=the-afc.com}}</ref> Vieira ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da Iraki a ranar 2 ga Satumba, 2008 domin ya jagoranci ƙasar a karo na biyu, lokacin da ya jagorance su a gasar cin kofin Gulf. A ranar 10 ga Agusta 2013 aka naɗa Jorvan Vieira a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Kuwait. Ɗan ƙasar Brazil ya jagoranci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Iraq zuwa ga nasara a gasar cin kofin Asiya ta 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |title=kuwait appoint asian vieira |url=http://www.the-afc.com/en/tournaments/men/afc-challenge-cup/1063-tournaments/26446-kuwait-appoint-asian-vieira-100813.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130824215008/http://www.the-afc.com/en/tournaments/men/afc-challenge-cup/1063-tournaments/26446-kuwait-appoint-asian-vieira-100813.html |archive-date=August 24, 2013}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2018, an nada Jorvan Viera a matsayin kocin Ismaily daga Masar. Bayan rashin nasara a jere, yana cikin kasan teburin gasar kuma an fitar da shi daga gasar cin kofin zakarun Larabawa ta 2018-19 bayan da Raja Casablanca ta doke shi da ci 4-2 a bugun fenariti, ya yi murabus a ranar 13 ga Disamba 2018, bayan watanni biyu kacal a kulob din. == Nasarar Kofin Asiya == Kasa da watanni biyu kafin kammala gasar cin kofin Asiya ta AFC ta 2007, an nada Vieira a matsayin kocin Iraki da yaki ya daidaita. Ya jagorance su har zuwa wasan karshe na gasar WAFF ta 2007 amma ya kare a matsayi na biyu bayan ya sha kashi 1-2 a wasan karshe da Iran . Bayan wannan gasar, Iraki ta buga gasar cin kofin Asiya. Abin mamaki, ya jagoranci Iraki zuwa gasar cin kofin Asiya ta 2007 bayan ya doke Australia da ta sha kashi a hannun Koriya da ci 3-1 ya doke Koriya da bugun fenariti sannan daga karshe ya harzuka manyan 'yan wasan yankin Saudiyya da ci 1-0 a wasan karshe. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jorvan Vieira [[Musulmi]] ne. Ya musulunta yayin da yake horar da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|Morocco]], ya ce game da wannan: "Rahotannin sun nuna cewa na musulunta amma 'na musulunta' ba shine kalmar da ta dace ba - ban taɓa yin addini ba a da. Kuma ba gaskiya ba ne cewa na zama Musulma ne kawai saboda matata ' [[Larabawa|yar Larabawa]], kamar yadda aka yi iƙirarin". <ref name="soccerblog.com" /> Yana iya magana da harsuna 7, ciki har da [[Larabci]] . <ref name="soccerblog.com" /> Yana da digirin digirgir a fannin kimiyyar wasanni daga Faransa. <ref name="soccerblog.com" /> Shi ɗan uba ne ɗan Portugal, mahaifiya 'yar Brazil kuma yana auren Khadija Fahim, wata mace 'yar Morocco. Sakamakon haka, yana da ƙasashen Brazil da Portugal. <ref> {{Cite web |title=.: Jornal Record :. |url=http://www.record.pt/noticia.asp?id=753137&idCanal=44 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929121935/http://www.record.pt/noticia.asp?id=753137&idCanal=44 |archive-date=September 29, 2007 |access-date=August 7, 2007}} The Journal Record </ref> Jorvan yana ɗaukar kansa a matsayin ɗan Portugal, ya furta cewa koyaushe yana ɗauke da fasfo ɗinsa na Portugal, kuma katunan shaidarsa a wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa suna nuna shi a matsayin ɗan Portugal. A cikin wata hira da ya yi da jaridar Diário de Notícias ta Portugal, ya ma bayyana cewa a nan gaba, yana son ya rayu sauran rayuwarsa a Portugal, kuma yana shirin horar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Portugal. <ref> {{Cite web |title=DN Online: O treinador 'português' do Iraque que sonha treinar o Penafiel |url=https://dn.sapo.pt/2007/08/05/desporto/o_treinador_portugues_iraque_sonha_t.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017201528/http://dn.sapo.pt/2007/08/05/desporto/o_treinador_portugues_iraque_sonha_t.html |archive-date=October 17, 2007 |access-date=August 7, 2007}} Diário de Notícias Newspaper </ref> == Ƙididdigar gudanarwa == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Managerial record by team and tenure ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |From ! rowspan="2" |To ! colspan="5" |Record ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- !{{Abbr|P|Matches played}} !{{Abbr|W|Matches won}} !{{Abbr|D|Matches drawn}} !{{Abbr|L|Matches lost}} !{{Abbr|Win %|Win percentage}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|KUW}} [[Qadsia SC]] | align="left" |5 January 1999 | align="left" |22 June 1999 {{WDL|33|19|7|7|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] | align="left" |5 January 2001 | align="left" |30 June 2001 {{WDL|12|5|4|3|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|KSA}} [[Al-Tai FC|Al-Tai]] | align="left" |1 August 2006 | align="left" |30 December 2006 {{WDL|13|3|4|6|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Fb|IRQ}} | align="left" |20 May 2007 | align="left" |15 August 2007 {{WDL|14|5|6|3|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|IRN}} [[Sepahan S.C.|Sepahan]] | align="left" |26 December 2007 | align="left" |20 May 2008 {{WDL|26|12|8|6|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Fb|IRQ}} | align="left" |2 September 2008 | align="left" |6 February 2009 {{WDL|5|0|3|2|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|UAE}} [[Ittihad Kalba FC|Ittihad Kalba]] | align="left" |27 October 2010 | align="left" |5 June 2011 {{WDL|20|7|8|5|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|UAE}} [[Baniyas Club|Baniyas]] | align="left" |1 July 2011 | align="left" |30 November 2011 {{WDL|14|5|3|6|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|UAE}} [[Sharjah FC|Sharjah]] | align="left" |16 December 2011 | align="left" |2 February 2012 {{WDL|9|2|3|4|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Zamalek]] | align="left" |10 August 2012 | align="left" |5 July 2013 {{WDL|30|19|7|4|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Fb|KUW}} | align="left" |23 August 2013 | align="left" |7 December 2014 {{WDL|26|9|9|8|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Smouha SC|Smouha]] | align="left" |11 July 2016 | align="left" |1 November 2016 {{WDL|8|5|1|2|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|UAE}} [[Ittihad Kalba FC|Ittihad Kalba]] | align="left" |10 January 2018 | align="left" |2 September 2018 {{WDL|15|9|3|3|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] | align="left" |4 October 2018 | align="left" |12 December 2018 {{WDL|11|5|3|3|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[Étoile Sahel]] | align="left" |29 November 2020 | align="left" |11 January 2021 {{WDL|8|4|2|2|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[ENPPI SC|ENPPI]] | align="left" |5 June 2022 | align="left" |30 August 2022 {{WDL|13|3|4|6|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|OMA}} [[Seeb Club|Seeb]] | align="left" |3 July 2023 | align="left" |25 May 2024 {{WDL|36|27|6|3|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|IRQ}} [[Newroz SC|Newroz]] | align="left" |1 August 2024 | align="left" |11 December 2024 {{WDL|9|2|2|5|decimals=1}} |- ! colspan="3" |Total {{WDLtot|302|141|83|78|decimals=1}} !— |} '''Al-Seeb''' * Gasar Ƙwararru ta Oman : 2023–24 * Kofin Ƙwallon ... * Kofin Super na Oman : 2023 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1953]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 68m8gdawddzs64tubb5o3die7ta6k21 843208 843206 2026-05-30T07:08:18Z Engineer014 44591 843208 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jorvan Vieira''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Satumba, 1953) kocin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Brazil-Portuguese kuma tsohon ɗan wasa wanda ya buga wa Botafogo, Vasco da Gama da Portugal wasa a gasar Serie A ta Brazil, kuma manaja na yanzu. == Sana'a == === Sana'ar wasa === An haifi Vieira a Duque de Caxias, jihar Rio de Janeiro, [[Brazil]] . Ya fara aikinsa na ƙwallon ƙafa bayan ya yi karatun kimiyyar wasanni na tsawon shekaru huɗu, yana bugawa manyan ƙungiyoyin Brazil kamar Vasco da Gama, Botafogo da Portugal a shekarun 1970. <ref name="theworldgame.com.au">{{Cite web |title=The World Game |url=http://www.theworldgame.com.au/home/index.php?pid=st&cid=92700 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011085148/http://www.theworldgame.com.au/home/index.php?pid=st&cid=92700 |archive-date=October 11, 2007 |access-date=July 31, 2007}}</ref> === Aikin koyarwa === An nada Vieira a matsayin mataimakin manaja a ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|ƙwallon ƙafa ta Morocco]] a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA da aka yi a Mexico a shekarar 1986. Tare da ɗan ƙasarsa José Faria, ya jagoranci Morocco zuwa zagaye na biyu na gasar a matsayin wanda ya lashe gasar a rukuni a gaban Ingila, Portugal da Poland, Daga nan ya jagoranci ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta Kuwait <ref name="soccerblog.com">{{Cite web |title=SoccerBlog.com: Jorvan Vieira: Iraq's coach and an ambassador of peace |url=http://www.soccerblog.com/2007/07/jorvan_vieira_iraqs_coach_and.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928015448/http://www.soccerblog.com/2007/07/jorvan_vieira_iraqs_coach_and.htm |archive-date=September 28, 2007 |access-date=August 2, 2007}} Soccerblog Profile</ref> kafin ya yi wani abin birgewa kuma ya jagoranci Al Qadisiya zuwa gasar Kuwait, wanda hakan ya biyo bayan nasarar da ya samu lokacin da yake jagorantar ƙungiyar [[Ismaila SC|Al-Ismaili]] ta Masar a shekara ta 2001. An sake naɗa Vieira a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta Oman a wannan shekarar. Bayan ya shafe shekara guda a wannan aiki, Vieira ya ci gaba da horar da ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta Malaysia kafin ya koma Oman, inda ya jagoranci Al-Nasr Salalah zuwa gasar Sultan Qaboos, kuma ya kasance manajan Al-Ta'ee a Saudiyya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The AFC Asian Cup 2007 Official Website |url=http://www.afcasiancup.com/en/tournament/teams.asp?cid%3D1373%26sqid%3D950%26tbl%3DY |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716161132/http://www.afcasiancup.com/en/tournament/teams.asp?cid=1373&sqid=950&tbl=Y |archive-date=July 16, 2007 |access-date=July 14, 2007}} AFC Asian Cup Official Website</ref> A ranar 26 ga Disamba 2007 aka sanar a hukumance cewa Vieira ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da Mes Kerman FC a gasar Iran Pro League kan kimanin dala $640,000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mes Officials Begin Negotiations, Former Iraqi NT Head Coach in Kerman with 600 Mil |url=http://www.persianleague.com/news/Morenews.cfm?News=3728 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231132819/http://www.persianleague.com/news/Morenews.cfm?News=3728 |archive-date=December 31, 2007 |access-date=December 26, 2007 |website=persianleague.com}}</ref> Duk da haka, bayan 'yan kwanaki a ranar 29 ga Disamba, yarjejeniyar ta wargaje saboda dalilan kuɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vieira parts company with Mes |url=http://www.theworldgame.com.au/asia/index.php?pid=st&cid=102914 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815123228/http://theworldgame.sbs.com.au/asia/index.php?pid=st&cid=102914 |archive-date=August 15, 2011 |access-date=December 29, 2007 |website=theworldgame.com.au}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 2008, Vieira ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin watanni 18 da ƙungiyar AFC Champions League ta 2007, Sepahan FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sepahan names Vieira as new coach |url=http://www.iranproleague.net/news/Morenews.cfm?News=3805 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720183815/http://www.iranproleague.net/news/Morenews.cfm?News=3805 |archive-date=July 20, 2011 |access-date=February 2, 2008 |website=persianleague.com}}</ref> An kori Vieira daga Sepahan FC a ranar 9 ga Yuni, 2008, watanni 12 kafin kwantiraginsa ya ƙare. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vieira released by Sepahan |url=http://www.the-afc.com/eng/articles/viewArticle.jsp_167149577.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613095119/http://www.the-afc.com/eng/articles/viewArticle.jsp_167149577.html |archive-date=June 13, 2008 |access-date=June 10, 2008 |website=the-afc.com}}</ref> Vieira ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da Iraki a ranar 2 ga Satumba, 2008 domin ya jagoranci ƙasar a karo na biyu, lokacin da ya jagorance su a gasar cin kofin Gulf. A ranar 10 ga Agusta 2013 aka naɗa Jorvan Vieira a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Kuwait. Ɗan ƙasar Brazil ya jagoranci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Iraq zuwa ga nasara a gasar cin kofin Asiya ta 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |title=kuwait appoint asian vieira |url=http://www.the-afc.com/en/tournaments/men/afc-challenge-cup/1063-tournaments/26446-kuwait-appoint-asian-vieira-100813.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130824215008/http://www.the-afc.com/en/tournaments/men/afc-challenge-cup/1063-tournaments/26446-kuwait-appoint-asian-vieira-100813.html |archive-date=August 24, 2013}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2018, an nada Jorvan Viera a matsayin kocin Ismaily daga Masar. Bayan rashin nasara a jere, yana cikin kasan teburin gasar kuma an fitar da shi daga gasar cin kofin zakarun Larabawa ta 2018-19 bayan da Raja Casablanca ta doke shi da ci 4-2 a bugun fenariti, ya yi murabus a ranar 13 ga Disamba 2018, bayan watanni biyu kacal a kulob din. == Nasarar Kofin Asiya == Kasa da watanni biyu kafin kammala gasar cin kofin Asiya ta AFC ta 2007, an nada Vieira a matsayin kocin Iraki da yaki ya daidaita. Ya jagorance su har zuwa wasan karshe na gasar WAFF ta 2007 amma ya kare a matsayi na biyu bayan ya sha kashi 1-2 a wasan karshe da Iran . Bayan wannan gasar, Iraki ta buga gasar cin kofin Asiya. Abin mamaki, ya jagoranci Iraki zuwa gasar cin kofin Asiya ta 2007 bayan ya doke Australia da ta sha kashi a hannun Koriya da ci 3-1 ya doke Koriya da bugun fenariti sannan daga karshe ya harzuka manyan 'yan wasan yankin Saudiyya da ci 1-0 a wasan karshe. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jorvan Vieira [[Musulmi]] ne. Ya musulunta yayin da yake horar da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|Morocco]], ya ce game da wannan: "Rahotannin sun nuna cewa na musulunta amma 'na musulunta' ba shine kalmar da ta dace ba - ban taɓa yin addini ba a da. Kuma ba gaskiya ba ne cewa na zama Musulma ne kawai saboda matata ' [[Larabawa|yar Larabawa]], kamar yadda aka yi iƙirarin". <ref name="soccerblog.com" /> Yana iya magana da harsuna 7, ciki har da [[Larabci]] . <ref name="soccerblog.com" /> Yana da digirin digirgir a fannin kimiyyar wasanni daga Faransa. <ref name="soccerblog.com" /> Shi ɗan uba ne ɗan Portugal, mahaifiya 'yar Brazil kuma yana auren Khadija Fahim, wata mace 'yar Morocco. Sakamakon haka, yana da ƙasashen Brazil da Portugal. <ref> {{Cite web |title=.: Jornal Record :. |url=http://www.record.pt/noticia.asp?id=753137&idCanal=44 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929121935/http://www.record.pt/noticia.asp?id=753137&idCanal=44 |archive-date=September 29, 2007 |access-date=August 7, 2007}} The Journal Record </ref> Jorvan yana ɗaukar kansa a matsayin ɗan Portugal, ya furta cewa koyaushe yana ɗauke da fasfo ɗinsa na Portugal, kuma katunan shaidarsa a wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa suna nuna shi a matsayin ɗan Portugal. A cikin wata hira da ya yi da jaridar Diário de Notícias ta Portugal, ya ma bayyana cewa a nan gaba, yana son ya rayu sauran rayuwarsa a Portugal, kuma yana shirin horar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Portugal. <ref> {{Cite web |title=DN Online: O treinador 'português' do Iraque que sonha treinar o Penafiel |url=https://dn.sapo.pt/2007/08/05/desporto/o_treinador_portugues_iraque_sonha_t.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017201528/http://dn.sapo.pt/2007/08/05/desporto/o_treinador_portugues_iraque_sonha_t.html |archive-date=October 17, 2007 |access-date=August 7, 2007}} Diário de Notícias Newspaper </ref> == Ƙididdigar gudanarwa == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Managerial record by team and tenure ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |From ! rowspan="2" |To ! colspan="5" |Record ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- !{{Abbr|P|Matches played}} !{{Abbr|W|Matches won}} !{{Abbr|D|Matches drawn}} !{{Abbr|L|Matches lost}} !{{Abbr|Win %|Win percentage}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|KUW}} [[Qadsia SC]] | align="left" |5 January 1999 | align="left" |22 June 1999 {{WDL|33|19|7|7|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] | align="left" |5 January 2001 | align="left" |30 June 2001 {{WDL|12|5|4|3|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|KSA}} [[Al-Tai FC|Al-Tai]] | align="left" |1 August 2006 | align="left" |30 December 2006 {{WDL|13|3|4|6|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Fb|IRQ}} | align="left" |20 May 2007 | align="left" |15 August 2007 {{WDL|14|5|6|3|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|IRN}} [[Sepahan S.C.|Sepahan]] | align="left" |26 December 2007 | align="left" |20 May 2008 {{WDL|26|12|8|6|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Fb|IRQ}} | align="left" |2 September 2008 | align="left" |6 February 2009 {{WDL|5|0|3|2|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|UAE}} [[Ittihad Kalba FC|Ittihad Kalba]] | align="left" |27 October 2010 | align="left" |5 June 2011 {{WDL|20|7|8|5|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|UAE}} [[Baniyas Club|Baniyas]] | align="left" |1 July 2011 | align="left" |30 November 2011 {{WDL|14|5|3|6|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|UAE}} [[Sharjah FC|Sharjah]] | align="left" |16 December 2011 | align="left" |2 February 2012 {{WDL|9|2|3|4|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Zamalek]] | align="left" |10 August 2012 | align="left" |5 July 2013 {{WDL|30|19|7|4|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Fb|KUW}} | align="left" |23 August 2013 | align="left" |7 December 2014 {{WDL|26|9|9|8|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Smouha SC|Smouha]] | align="left" |11 July 2016 | align="left" |1 November 2016 {{WDL|8|5|1|2|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|UAE}} [[Ittihad Kalba FC|Ittihad Kalba]] | align="left" |10 January 2018 | align="left" |2 September 2018 {{WDL|15|9|3|3|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] | align="left" |4 October 2018 | align="left" |12 December 2018 {{WDL|11|5|3|3|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[Étoile Sahel]] | align="left" |29 November 2020 | align="left" |11 January 2021 {{WDL|8|4|2|2|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[ENPPI SC|ENPPI]] | align="left" |5 June 2022 | align="left" |30 August 2022 {{WDL|13|3|4|6|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|OMA}} [[Seeb Club|Seeb]] | align="left" |3 July 2023 | align="left" |25 May 2024 {{WDL|36|27|6|3|decimals=1}} |- | align="left" |{{Flagicon|IRQ}} [[Newroz SC|Newroz]] | align="left" |1 August 2024 | align="left" |11 December 2024 {{WDL|9|2|2|5|decimals=1}} |- ! colspan="3" |Total {{WDLtot|302|141|83|78|decimals=1}} !— |} '''Al-Seeb''' * Gasar Ƙwararru ta Oman : 2023–24 * Kofin Ƙwallon ... * Kofin Super na Oman : 2023 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1953]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2bvj7cooj0jatb78zsdgq31n2l6eu0r 0 153375 843207 2026-05-30T07:08:03Z Pharouqenr 25549 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353316104|Lower Nubia]]" 843207 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:List_of_monuments_at_risk_in_the_1960_UNESCO_Courier_-_UNESCO_documents_regarding_the_International_Campaign_to_Save_the_Monuments_of_Nubia.png|thumb|Lower Nubia da aka nuna a matsayin jerin abubuwan tunawa da ke cikin haɗari a cikin 1960 UNESCO CourierJakadancin UNESCO]] Lower Nubia (wanda kuma ake kira '''Wawat''') <ref>{{Cite web |last=Coates |first=Ta-Nehisi |date=2009-12-11 |title=The Gathering Of My Name |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2009/12/the-gathering-of-my-name/31698/ |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=The Atlantic |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ferreira |first=Eduardo |date=2019-01-05 |title=The Lower Nubian Egyptian Fortresses in the Middle Kingdom: A Strategic Point of View |url=https://www.athensjournals.gr/history/2019-5-1-2-Ferreira.pdf |journal=Athens Journal of History |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=32 |doi=10.30958/ajhis.5-1-2}}</ref> shine mafi arewacin Nubia, wanda ke kusa da [[Tafkin Nasser]] na zamani, wanda ya mamaye yankin tarihi a cikin shekarun 1960 tare da gina Babban Dam na Aswan . Yawancin tsoffin wuraren tunawa na Lower Nubian, da dukan jama'arta na zamani, an sake su a matsayin wani ɓangare na Yakin Duniya don Ceton abubuwan tunawa na Nubia; [[Qasr Ibrim]] shine kawai babban wurin binciken archaeological wanda ba a sake shi ba ko kuma a nutse. Ayyukan archaeological da aka gudanar kafin ambaliyar ruwa yana nufin cewa tarihin yankin ya fi sananne fiye da na Upper Nubia. A cewar David Wengrow, tsarin mulkin Nubian na A-Group na ƙarshen karni na 4 KZ ba a fahimta sosai ba tunda yawancin ragowar archaeological sun nutse a ƙarƙashin Tafkin Nasser. An kuma san tarihinta daga doguwar dangantakar da take da ita da Masar, musamman makwabciyar Upper Egypt. An bayyana yankin a tarihi a matsayin tsakanin Tarihin Farko da Na Biyu, waɗanda yanzu suna cikin Tafkin Nasser. Yankin an san shi da masu ilimin ƙasa na Girka da Romawa kamar Triakontaschoinos. Yana ƙasa a kan [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] daga [[Upper Nubia]]. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:NileCataractReaches.jpg|thumb|{{Center|Lower Nubia lies mainly between the first and second cataracts with some historical overlappings.}}]] A lokacin Masarautar Tsakiya, Masar ta mamaye Lower Nubia. lokacin da Masarawa suka janye a lokacin Tsakanin Tsakanin na biyu, Lower Nubia da alama ya zama wani ɓangare na Upper Nubian Kingdom of Kerma. Sabon Masarautar ta mamaye duk Nubia kuma Lower Nubia an haɗa shi sosai a cikin Misira, amma tare da Lokaci na Uku na Tsakanin ya zama cibiyar jihar Kush mai zaman kanta da ke Napata a wani lokaci. Wataƙila a kusa da 591 KZ an canja babban birnin Kush zuwa kudu zuwa Meroe kuma Lower Nubia ya mamaye tsibirin Meroe. Tare da faduwar Daular Meroitic a ƙarni na huɗu AD yankin ya zama gida ga X-Group, wanda aka fi sani da Al'adun Ballana waɗanda watakila Nobatae ne. Wannan ya samo asali ne a cikin jihar [[Kirista]] ta Nobatia a ƙarni na biyar. Nobatia ta haɗu da jihar Upper Nubian ta Makuria, amma Lower Nubia ta zama mafi yawan Arabiya da Islamicized kuma daga ƙarshe ta zama mai zaman kanta a matsayin jihar al-Maris. Yawancin Lower Nubia an haɗa su da Masar a hukumance a lokacin mamayar Ottoman na 1517, kuma ya kasance wani ɓangare na Masar tun daga wannan lokacin, tare da kudancin [[Sudan]] kawai. == Harshe == Shaidar harshe ta nuna cewa ana magana da yarukan Cushitic a Lower Nubia, wani tsohuwar yankin da ke kewaye da Kudancin Masar na yanzu da wani ɓangare na Arewacin Sudan, kuma ana magana da harsunan Nilo-Sahara a Upper Nubia zuwa kudu (ta mutanen Al'adun Kerma), tare da yarukan Arewa maso Gabashin Sudan daga Upper Nubie daga baya sun maye gurbin yarukan Cshitic na Lower Nubia.<ref name="Rilly2010">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Rilly C |date=2010 |title=Recent Research on Meroitic, the Ancient Language of Sudan |url=http://www.ityopis.org/Issues-1_files/ITYOPIS-I-Rilly.pdf}}</ref><ref name="Rilly200162">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Rilly C |date=January 2016 |title=The Wadi Howar Diaspora and its role in the spread of East Sudanic languages from the fourth to the first millennia BCE |url=https://brill.com/view/journals/fdl/47/1/article-p151.xml |journal=Faits de Langues |volume=47 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1163/19589514-047-01-900000010 |s2cid=134352296 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="Cooper">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Cooper J |date=2017 |title=Toponymic Strata in Ancient Nubian placenames in the Third and Second Millennium BCE: a view from Egyptian Records |url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7d8a387b-f850-4d56-8105-f84a30bf121a/download_file?file_format=pdf&safe_filename=Cooper%252C%2BToponymic%2BStrata%2Bin%2BAncient%2BNubian%2BPlacenames%252C%2BDotawo%2B4.pdf&type_of_work=Journal+article |url-status=dead |journal=Dotawo: A Journal of Nubian Studies |volume=4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523123606/https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7d8a387b-f850-4d56-8105-f84a30bf121a/download_file?file_format=pdf&safe_filename=Cooper%252C%2BToponymic%2BStrata%2Bin%2BAncient%2BNubian%2BPlacenames%252C%2BDotawo%2B4.pdf&type_of_work=Journal+article |archive-date=2020-05-23}}</ref> Julien Cooper (2017) ya bayyana cewa a zamanin d ̄ a, ana magana da yarukan Cushitic a Lower Nubia (ƙananan arewacin Sudan na zamani):<blockquote>A zamanin d ̄ a, harsunan Afroasiatic a Sudan sun kasance daga cikin phylum da aka sani da Cushitic, ana magana a gabashin tekun Afirka da kuma daga Sudan zuwa Kenya, gami da tsaunukan Habasha.</blockquote>Julien Cooper (2017) ya kuma bayyana cewa mutanen da ke magana da harshen Sudan na Gabas daga kudanci da yammacin Nubia a hankali sun maye gurbin mutanen da ke iya magana da harshen Cushitic na wannan yankin:<blockquote>A Lower Nubia akwai harshen Afroasiatic, mai yiwuwa reshe ne na Cushitic. A ƙarshen karni na farko AZ an mamaye wannan yankin kuma an maye gurbinsa da masu magana da harshen Sudan na Gabas da suka zo daga kudu da yamma, don a gano su da farko tare da Meroitic kuma daga baya ƙaura da ke tattare da masu magana na Nubian.</blockquote>A cikin Handbook of Ancient Nubia, Claude Rilly (2019) ya bayyana cewa harsunan Cushitic sun taɓa mamaye Lower Nubia tare da harshen Masar na Dā. Rilly (2019) ya ce: "Harsuna biyu na Afro-Asiatic sun kasance a zamanin d ̄ a a Nubia, wato Tsohon Masar da Cushitic. " Rilly (2019) ya ambaci tarihin tarihi na tseren Cushitic mai ƙarfi wanda ke sarrafa Lower Nubia da wasu biranen Upper Egypt. Rilly (2019) ya ce: "Blemmyes wata kabila ce mai magana da harshen Cushitic, ko kuma wataƙila wani yanki ne na mutanen Medjay / Beja, wanda aka tabbatar a cikin Napatan da matani na Masar daga karni na 6 BC zuwa gaba. " A shafi na 134: "Daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 4 har zuwa ƙarni na 6 AD, sun mallaki ɓangarorin Lower Nubia da wasu biranen Upper Egypt. " == Bayanan littattafai == * Roxana Flammini, "Ancient Core-Periphery Interactions: Lower Nubia A lokacin Masarautar Tsakiya ta Masar (ca. 2050-1640 BC) ", a cikin Journal of World Systems Research, Volume XIV, Number 1 (2008) [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237535596_Ancient_Core-Periphery_Interactions_Lower_Nubia_During_Middle_Kingdom_Egypt_ca_2050-1640_BC PDF] (yana tattauna ra'ayi na Masar game da Nubia a lokacin Tsakiyar da Sabon Masarauta). == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] a1rkyqk8gu66mlgtz6yh26ecwwwn7cs 843209 843207 2026-05-30T07:08:21Z Pharouqenr 25549 843209 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:List_of_monuments_at_risk_in_the_1960_UNESCO_Courier_-_UNESCO_documents_regarding_the_International_Campaign_to_Save_the_Monuments_of_Nubia.png|thumb|Lower Nubia da aka nuna a matsayin jerin abubuwan tunawa da ke cikin haɗari a cikin 1960 UNESCO CourierJakadancin UNESCO]] Lower Nubia (wanda kuma ake kira '''Wawat''') <ref>{{Cite web |last=Coates |first=Ta-Nehisi |date=2009-12-11 |title=The Gathering Of My Name |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2009/12/the-gathering-of-my-name/31698/ |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=The Atlantic |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ferreira |first=Eduardo |date=2019-01-05 |title=The Lower Nubian Egyptian Fortresses in the Middle Kingdom: A Strategic Point of View |url=https://www.athensjournals.gr/history/2019-5-1-2-Ferreira.pdf |journal=Athens Journal of History |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=32 |doi=10.30958/ajhis.5-1-2}}</ref> shine mafi arewacin Nubia, wanda ke kusa da [[Tafkin Nasser]] na zamani, wanda ya mamaye yankin tarihi a cikin shekarun 1960 tare da gina Babban Dam na Aswan . Yawancin tsoffin wuraren tunawa na Lower Nubian, da dukan jama'arta na zamani, an sake su a matsayin wani ɓangare na Yakin Duniya don Ceton abubuwan tunawa na Nubia; [[Qasr Ibrim]] shine kawai babban wurin binciken archaeological wanda ba a sake shi ba ko kuma a nutse. Ayyukan archaeological da aka gudanar kafin ambaliyar ruwa yana nufin cewa tarihin yankin ya fi sananne fiye da na Upper Nubia. A cewar David Wengrow, tsarin mulkin Nubian na A-Group na ƙarshen karni na 4 KZ ba a fahimta sosai ba tunda yawancin ragowar archaeological sun nutse a ƙarƙashin Tafkin Nasser. An kuma san tarihinta daga doguwar dangantakar da take da ita da Masar, musamman makwabciyar Upper Egypt. An bayyana yankin a tarihi a matsayin tsakanin Tarihin Farko da Na Biyu, waɗanda yanzu suna cikin Tafkin Nasser. Yankin an san shi da masu ilimin ƙasa na Girka da Romawa kamar Triakontaschoinos. Yana ƙasa a kan [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] daga [[Upper Nubia]]. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:NileCataractReaches.jpg|thumb|{{Center|Lower Nubia lies mainly between the first and second cataracts with some historical overlappings.}}]] A lokacin Masarautar Tsakiya, Masar ta mamaye Lower Nubia. lokacin da Masarawa suka janye a lokacin Tsakanin Tsakanin na biyu, Lower Nubia da alama ya zama wani ɓangare na Upper Nubian Kingdom of Kerma. Sabon Masarautar ta mamaye duk Nubia kuma Lower Nubia an haɗa shi sosai a cikin Misira, amma tare da Lokaci na Uku na Tsakanin ya zama cibiyar jihar Kush mai zaman kanta da ke Napata a wani lokaci. Wataƙila a kusa da 591 KZ an canja babban birnin Kush zuwa kudu zuwa Meroe kuma Lower Nubia ya mamaye tsibirin Meroe. Tare da faduwar Daular Meroitic a ƙarni na huɗu AD yankin ya zama gida ga X-Group, wanda aka fi sani da Al'adun Ballana waɗanda watakila Nobatae ne. Wannan ya samo asali ne a cikin jihar [[Kirista]] ta Nobatia a ƙarni na biyar. Nobatia ta haɗu da jihar Upper Nubian ta Makuria, amma Lower Nubia ta zama mafi yawan Arabiya da Islamicized kuma daga ƙarshe ta zama mai zaman kanta a matsayin jihar al-Maris. Yawancin Lower Nubia an haɗa su da Masar a hukumance a lokacin mamayar Ottoman na 1517, kuma ya kasance wani ɓangare na Masar tun daga wannan lokacin, tare da kudancin [[Sudan]] kawai. == Harshe == Shaidar harshe ta nuna cewa ana magana da yarukan Cushitic a Lower Nubia, wani tsohuwar yankin da ke kewaye da Kudancin Masar na yanzu da wani ɓangare na Arewacin Sudan, kuma ana magana da harsunan Nilo-Sahara a Upper Nubia zuwa kudu (ta mutanen Al'adun Kerma), tare da yarukan Arewa maso Gabashin Sudan daga Upper Nubie daga baya sun maye gurbin yarukan Cshitic na Lower Nubia.<ref name="Rilly2010">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Rilly C |date=2010 |title=Recent Research on Meroitic, the Ancient Language of Sudan |url=http://www.ityopis.org/Issues-1_files/ITYOPIS-I-Rilly.pdf}}</ref><ref name="Rilly200162">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Rilly C |date=January 2016 |title=The Wadi Howar Diaspora and its role in the spread of East Sudanic languages from the fourth to the first millennia BCE |url=https://brill.com/view/journals/fdl/47/1/article-p151.xml |journal=Faits de Langues |volume=47 |pages=151–163 |doi=10.1163/19589514-047-01-900000010 |s2cid=134352296 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="Cooper">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Cooper J |date=2017 |title=Toponymic Strata in Ancient Nubian placenames in the Third and Second Millennium BCE: a view from Egyptian Records |url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7d8a387b-f850-4d56-8105-f84a30bf121a/download_file?file_format=pdf&safe_filename=Cooper%252C%2BToponymic%2BStrata%2Bin%2BAncient%2BNubian%2BPlacenames%252C%2BDotawo%2B4.pdf&type_of_work=Journal+article |url-status=dead |journal=Dotawo: A Journal of Nubian Studies |volume=4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523123606/https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7d8a387b-f850-4d56-8105-f84a30bf121a/download_file?file_format=pdf&safe_filename=Cooper%252C%2BToponymic%2BStrata%2Bin%2BAncient%2BNubian%2BPlacenames%252C%2BDotawo%2B4.pdf&type_of_work=Journal+article |archive-date=2020-05-23}}</ref> Julien Cooper (2017) ya bayyana cewa a zamanin d ̄ a, ana magana da yarukan Cushitic a Lower Nubia (ƙananan arewacin Sudan na zamani):<blockquote>A zamanin d ̄ a, harsunan Afroasiatic a Sudan sun kasance daga cikin phylum da aka sani da Cushitic, ana magana a gabashin tekun Afirka da kuma daga Sudan zuwa Kenya, gami da tsaunukan Habasha.</blockquote>Julien Cooper (2017) ya kuma bayyana cewa mutanen da ke magana da harshen Sudan na Gabas daga kudanci da yammacin Nubia a hankali sun maye gurbin mutanen da ke iya magana da harshen Cushitic na wannan yankin:<blockquote>A Lower Nubia akwai harshen Afroasiatic, mai yiwuwa reshe ne na Cushitic. A ƙarshen karni na farko AZ an mamaye wannan yankin kuma an maye gurbinsa da masu magana da harshen Sudan na Gabas da suka zo daga kudu da yamma, don a gano su da farko tare da Meroitic kuma daga baya ƙaura da ke tattare da masu magana na Nubian.</blockquote>A cikin Handbook of Ancient Nubia, Claude Rilly (2019) ya bayyana cewa harsunan Cushitic sun taɓa mamaye Lower Nubia tare da harshen Masar na Dā. Rilly (2019) ya ce: "Harsuna biyu na Afro-Asiatic sun kasance a zamanin d ̄ a a Nubia, wato Tsohon Masar da Cushitic. " Rilly (2019) ya ambaci tarihin tarihi na tseren Cushitic mai ƙarfi wanda ke sarrafa Lower Nubia da wasu biranen Upper Egypt. Rilly (2019) ya ce: "Blemmyes wata kabila ce mai magana da harshen Cushitic, ko kuma wataƙila wani yanki ne na mutanen Medjay / Beja, wanda aka tabbatar a cikin Napatan da matani na Masar daga karni na 6 BC zuwa gaba. " A shafi na 134: "Daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 4 har zuwa ƙarni na 6 AD, sun mallaki ɓangarorin Lower Nubia da wasu biranen Upper Egypt. " == Bayanan littattafai == * Roxana Flammini, "Ancient Core-Periphery Interactions: Lower Nubia A lokacin Masarautar Tsakiya ta Masar (ca. 2050-1640 BC) ", a cikin Journal of World Systems Research, Volume XIV, Number 1 (2008) [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237535596_Ancient_Core-Periphery_Interactions_Lower_Nubia_During_Middle_Kingdom_Egypt_ca_2050-1640_BC PDF] (yana tattauna ra'ayi na Masar game da Nubia a lokacin Tsakiyar da Sabon Masarauta). == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lgw0obur0nhorr2qq2cm3fbkba88e4w 0 153376 843210 2026-05-30T07:10:08Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1305826629|Muhsin Ertuğral]]" 843210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhsin Ertuğral''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Satumba 1959) manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] na ƙasar Turkiyya ne mai lasisin UEFA Pro . == Sana'ar wasa == Ertuğral ya buga wa [[Antalyaspor]] wasa kafin ya bar ƙasarsa ta haihuwa ya kuma ci gaba da aikinsa a ƙungiyoyi a Belgium da Jamus inda ya kuma ƙware a fannin koyarwa. == Aikin koyarwa == Bayan ya horar da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta DR Congo|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta DR Congo]], Ertuğral ya karɓi ragamar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Afirka ta Kudu [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon kafa ta Kaizer Chiefs|Kaizer Chiefs]] a shekarar 1999, inda ya ci gaba da zama har zuwa 2003. Bayan wasu 'yan gajeren lokaci a wasu wurare, Ertuğral ya kai Ajax Cape Town ga nasarar lashe [[Kofin Nedbank|gasar ABSA Cup]] da nasara 2-0 a kan zakarun gasar Mamelodi Sundowns a ranar 26 ga Mayu 2007. Wannan ya zama kakar wasa mai nasara ga Ajax a ƙarƙashin Ertuğral yayin da suka kammala a matsayi na huɗu a gasar kuma su kaɗai ne ƙungiyar da ba a doke ta da Sundowns a wannan kakar ba. Ya sake komawa Chiefs a shekarar 2007, inda ya bar kulob din a ranar 8 ga Mayu 2009. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chiefs part ways with Muhsin Ertugral |url=http://www.kaizerchiefs.com/default.asp?des=article&aid=299164 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090514060935/http://www.kaizerchiefs.com/default.asp?des=article&aid=299164 |archive-date=2009-05-14 |access-date=2025-07-03 |website=Kaizer Chiefs}}</ref> Ya sake sanya hannu a Ajax a ranar 18 ga Mayu 2009. {{As of|2009|10|8}} upon [[Bülent Uygun]]'s resignation, he agreed to pen a deal with the [[Süper Lig|Turkish Super League]] underdogs [[Sivasspor]], the contract runs between 30 June 2011.<ref>[http://www.sivasspor.org.tr/guncel/41-HOCAMIZ-PAZAR-gUNU--IMZA-ATIYOR.html HOCAMIZ PAZAR GÜNÜ İMZA ATIYOR] {{Dead link|date=February 2018}}</ref> Yiğidos also announced that the assistant coach position would be occupied by former [[Beşiktaş]] favorite and [[Tawagar Kwallon kafar Afirka ta Kudu|South Africa national team]] player [[Fani Madida]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sivas'ın hocası artık Muhsin Ertuğral {{!}} Goal.com |url=http://www.goal.com/tr/news/232/turkcell-s%C3%BCper-lig/2009/10/08/1548638/sivas%C4%B1n-hocas%C4%B1-art%C4%B1k-muhsin-ertu%C4%9Fral}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Afrilun 2013, an sanar da cewa Ertuğral zai karɓi ragamar aiki a matsayin sabon Daraktan Fasaha na Ajax Cape Town . Wannan shawarar ta haifar da murabus kai tsaye daga kocin riƙo na wancan lokacin Jan Versleijen, wanda ba a sanar da sabon ɗaukarsa ba. Sakamakon haka, Ertuğral zai ci gaba da horar da ƙungiyar Cape har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2012-13 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wesley Petersen |title=Ajax coach quits |url=http://ewn.co.za/2013/04/25/Ajax-coach-quits |access-date=25 April 2013 |publisher=Eyewitness News}}</ref> An sanar da David Nyathi a matsayin mataimakin kocinsa, wanda a baya ya jagoranci ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19 ta Ajax zuwa Gasar Cin Kofin Premier ta Metropolitan ta 2013, inda ya lashe kyautar "Kocin Gasar". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ajax CT |title=Ertugral returns to Ajax |url=http://www.ajaxct.com/news.htm?article=2819 |access-date=25 April 2013 |publisher=Ajaxct.com}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2025, an naɗa shi Daraktan Fasaha na ƙungiyar Cape Town City ta Afirka ta Kudu, kuma babban kocin riƙo har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sithole |first=Sinethemba |date=2025-01-02 |title=CT City's new Technical Director Muhsin Ertuğral to serve as head coach |url=https://farpost.co.za/2025/01/02/ct-citys-new-technical-director-muhsin-ertugral-to-serve-as-head-coach/ |access-date=2025-01-03 |website=FARPost |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An sallame shi a watan Maris, bayan rashin sakamako mai kyau. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rabothe |first=Tshepo |date=2025-03-17 |title=Cape Town City FC and Muhsin Ertugral part ways |url=https://farpost.co.za/2025/03/17/cape-town-city-fc-and-muhsin-ertugral-part-ways/ |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=FARPost |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] 5yxuoeqnlyahxcnn80qwe900vhdctpu 843211 843210 2026-05-30T07:10:44Z Engineer014 44591 843211 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Muhsin Ertuğral''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Satumba 1959) manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] na ƙasar Turkiyya ne mai lasisin UEFA Pro . == Sana'ar wasa == Ertuğral ya buga wa [[Antalyaspor]] wasa kafin ya bar ƙasarsa ta haihuwa ya kuma ci gaba da aikinsa a ƙungiyoyi a Belgium da Jamus inda ya kuma ƙware a fannin koyarwa. == Aikin koyarwa == Bayan ya horar da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta DR Congo|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta DR Congo]], Ertuğral ya karɓi ragamar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Afirka ta Kudu [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon kafa ta Kaizer Chiefs|Kaizer Chiefs]] a shekarar 1999, inda ya ci gaba da zama har zuwa 2003. Bayan wasu 'yan gajeren lokaci a wasu wurare, Ertuğral ya kai Ajax Cape Town ga nasarar lashe [[Kofin Nedbank|gasar ABSA Cup]] da nasara 2-0 a kan zakarun gasar Mamelodi Sundowns a ranar 26 ga Mayu 2007. Wannan ya zama kakar wasa mai nasara ga Ajax a ƙarƙashin Ertuğral yayin da suka kammala a matsayi na huɗu a gasar kuma su kaɗai ne ƙungiyar da ba a doke ta da Sundowns a wannan kakar ba. Ya sake komawa Chiefs a shekarar 2007, inda ya bar kulob din a ranar 8 ga Mayu 2009. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chiefs part ways with Muhsin Ertugral |url=http://www.kaizerchiefs.com/default.asp?des=article&aid=299164 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090514060935/http://www.kaizerchiefs.com/default.asp?des=article&aid=299164 |archive-date=2009-05-14 |access-date=2025-07-03 |website=Kaizer Chiefs}}</ref> Ya sake sanya hannu a Ajax a ranar 18 ga Mayu 2009. {{As of|2009|10|8}} upon [[Bülent Uygun]]'s resignation, he agreed to pen a deal with the [[Süper Lig|Turkish Super League]] underdogs [[Sivasspor]], the contract runs between 30 June 2011.<ref>[http://www.sivasspor.org.tr/guncel/41-HOCAMIZ-PAZAR-gUNU--IMZA-ATIYOR.html HOCAMIZ PAZAR GÜNÜ İMZA ATIYOR] {{Dead link|date=February 2018}}</ref> Yiğidos also announced that the assistant coach position would be occupied by former [[Beşiktaş]] favorite and [[Tawagar Kwallon kafar Afirka ta Kudu|South Africa national team]] player [[Fani Madida]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sivas'ın hocası artık Muhsin Ertuğral {{!}} Goal.com |url=http://www.goal.com/tr/news/232/turkcell-s%C3%BCper-lig/2009/10/08/1548638/sivas%C4%B1n-hocas%C4%B1-art%C4%B1k-muhsin-ertu%C4%9Fral}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Afrilun 2013, an sanar da cewa Ertuğral zai karɓi ragamar aiki a matsayin sabon Daraktan Fasaha na Ajax Cape Town . Wannan shawarar ta haifar da murabus kai tsaye daga kocin riƙo na wancan lokacin Jan Versleijen, wanda ba a sanar da sabon ɗaukarsa ba. Sakamakon haka, Ertuğral zai ci gaba da horar da ƙungiyar Cape har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2012-13 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wesley Petersen |title=Ajax coach quits |url=http://ewn.co.za/2013/04/25/Ajax-coach-quits |access-date=25 April 2013 |publisher=Eyewitness News}}</ref> An sanar da David Nyathi a matsayin mataimakin kocinsa, wanda a baya ya jagoranci ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19 ta Ajax zuwa Gasar Cin Kofin Premier ta Metropolitan ta 2013, inda ya lashe kyautar "Kocin Gasar". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ajax CT |title=Ertugral returns to Ajax |url=http://www.ajaxct.com/news.htm?article=2819 |access-date=25 April 2013 |publisher=Ajaxct.com}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2025, an naɗa shi Daraktan Fasaha na ƙungiyar Cape Town City ta Afirka ta Kudu, kuma babban kocin riƙo har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sithole |first=Sinethemba |date=2025-01-02 |title=CT City's new Technical Director Muhsin Ertuğral to serve as head coach |url=https://farpost.co.za/2025/01/02/ct-citys-new-technical-director-muhsin-ertugral-to-serve-as-head-coach/ |access-date=2025-01-03 |website=FARPost |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An sallame shi a watan Maris, bayan rashin sakamako mai kyau. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rabothe |first=Tshepo |date=2025-03-17 |title=Cape Town City FC and Muhsin Ertugral part ways |url=https://farpost.co.za/2025/03/17/cape-town-city-fc-and-muhsin-ertugral-part-ways/ |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=FARPost |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] e1gyckfxct8o2hhx2gk26vyt91425lx 0 153377 843212 2026-05-30T07:12:27Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327366458|Talaat Youssef]]" 843212 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Talaat Youssef''' ( Egyptian Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Janairu 1955) manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Masar kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=El-Ramady |first=Ahmed |date=25 December 2022 |title=OFFICIAL: ENPPI appoint Talaat Youssef as head coach |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2022/12/25/official-enppi-appoint-talaat-youssef-as-head-coach/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=KingFut |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Sana'ar wasa == === El Ittihad El Sakandary === Ana ɗaukar Youssef a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan [[Al-Ittihad Alexandria Club|El Ittihad El Sakandary]] (wanda aka fi sani da Alexandria Union). Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyarsa ta lashe kofinsu na baya-bayan nan ta hanyar zura ƙwallon da ta yi nasara a kan Al Ahly Cairo a gasar cin kofin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Masar ta 1976. Takalmin Youssef da aka ɗaure da kyau ya shiga raga yayin da ya buga ƙwallon da ta ci, wanda hakan ya rikitar da mai tsaron ragar Al Ahly, Ekramy . <ref name="el-sayed" /> == Aikin gudanarwa == Ba wai kawai Youssef ya jagoranci [[Al-Ittihad Alexandria Club|Al-Ittihad Al-Sakndary]] (wanda aka fi sani da Alexandria Union) don gujewa faduwa a gasar Premier ta Masar ta 2004-05 ba, har ma da ƙungiyar ta kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Masar ta 2004-05 a ƙarƙashin jagorancinsa. Duk da cewa ƙungiyar ta sha kashi a hannun ENPPI da ci 0-1 bayan ƙarin lokaci, ta cancanci shiga gasar cin kofin CAF Confederation ta 2006 saboda ENPPI ta cancanci shiga gasar zakarun CAF ta 2006. Daga ƙarshe an kawar da Al-Ittihad Al-Sakndary a zagaye na biyu bayan ta sha kashi a hannun Esperance ta [[Tunisiya|Tunisia]] ta hanyar bugun fenariti . Duk ƙungiyoyin biyu sun yi musayar nasara 1-0 a filin wasansu na gida. A watan Yunin 2006, [[Tala'a El Gaish SC|El Geish]] ya naɗa Youssef a matsayin sabon manajanta bayan nasarar da ya samu a Alexandria. Ya maye gurbin tsohon koci Hassan Megahed, wanda ya mutu a farkon wannan shekarar. Youssef ya ji daɗin aiki mai kyau tare da El Geish. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa matsayi na huɗu a gasar Premier ta Masar ta 2007–08, da kuma zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe a gasar zakarun Larabawa ta 2007–08 . Daga nan Youssed ya koma Ittihad El-Shorta, sabon mai horarwa. Ya zama kocin gida mafi albashi mafi girma a gasar Premier ta Masar, inda ake biyansa albashin EGP 70,000 a kowane wata, a cewar wasu rahotanni. Ya tsawaita kwangilarsa na ƙarin kakar wasa a watan Mayu na 2010. <ref name="renew_contract" /> Ya karɓi horon Al Ittihad a ranar 22 ga Mayu 2019, don maye gurbin Helmy Toulan, ya fara da aikin riƙo, sannan ya sanya hannu kan kwangila mai tsawo. A ranar 12 ga Oktoba 2020, ya yi murabus daga horar da El Ittihad. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Talaat Youssef resigns from Ittihad job |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2020/10/12/talaat-youssef-resigns-ittihad/ |website=kingfut.com}}</ref> Daga baya ya jagoranci [[Al Ahli SC (Tripoli)|Al Ahli Tripoli]] a wa'adi na uku da [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] a 2021, sai kuma El Gouna da ENPPI SC har zuwa Fabrairu 2023. A watan Mayu 2024, ya zama babban kocin Modern Future FC . <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 May 2024 |title=OFFICIAL: Talaat Youssef takes charge of Modern Future |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2024/05/12/talaat-youssef-modern-future/ |publisher=KingFut}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] 2a69angffe9lkz27g1ni8qt96w1h62d 843213 843212 2026-05-30T07:12:54Z Engineer014 44591 843213 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Talaat Youssef''' ( Egyptian Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Janairu 1955) manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Masar kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=El-Ramady |first=Ahmed |date=25 December 2022 |title=OFFICIAL: ENPPI appoint Talaat Youssef as head coach |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2022/12/25/official-enppi-appoint-talaat-youssef-as-head-coach/ |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=KingFut |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Sana'ar wasa == === El Ittihad El Sakandary === Ana ɗaukar Youssef a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan [[Al-Ittihad Alexandria Club|El Ittihad El Sakandary]] (wanda aka fi sani da Alexandria Union). Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyarsa ta lashe kofinsu na baya-bayan nan ta hanyar zura ƙwallon da ta yi nasara a kan Al Ahly Cairo a gasar cin kofin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Masar ta 1976. Takalmin Youssef da aka ɗaure da kyau ya shiga raga yayin da ya buga ƙwallon da ta ci, wanda hakan ya rikitar da mai tsaron ragar Al Ahly, Ekramy . <ref name="el-sayed" /> == Aikin gudanarwa == Ba wai kawai Youssef ya jagoranci [[Al-Ittihad Alexandria Club|Al-Ittihad Al-Sakndary]] (wanda aka fi sani da Alexandria Union) don gujewa faduwa a gasar Premier ta Masar ta 2004-05 ba, har ma da ƙungiyar ta kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Masar ta 2004-05 a ƙarƙashin jagorancinsa. Duk da cewa ƙungiyar ta sha kashi a hannun ENPPI da ci 0-1 bayan ƙarin lokaci, ta cancanci shiga gasar cin kofin CAF Confederation ta 2006 saboda ENPPI ta cancanci shiga gasar zakarun CAF ta 2006. Daga ƙarshe an kawar da Al-Ittihad Al-Sakndary a zagaye na biyu bayan ta sha kashi a hannun Esperance ta [[Tunisiya|Tunisia]] ta hanyar bugun fenariti . Duk ƙungiyoyin biyu sun yi musayar nasara 1-0 a filin wasansu na gida. A watan Yunin 2006, [[Tala'a El Gaish SC|El Geish]] ya naɗa Youssef a matsayin sabon manajanta bayan nasarar da ya samu a Alexandria. Ya maye gurbin tsohon koci Hassan Megahed, wanda ya mutu a farkon wannan shekarar. Youssef ya ji daɗin aiki mai kyau tare da El Geish. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa matsayi na huɗu a gasar Premier ta Masar ta 2007–08, da kuma zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe a gasar zakarun Larabawa ta 2007–08 . Daga nan Youssed ya koma Ittihad El-Shorta, sabon mai horarwa. Ya zama kocin gida mafi albashi mafi girma a gasar Premier ta Masar, inda ake biyansa albashin EGP 70,000 a kowane wata, a cewar wasu rahotanni. Ya tsawaita kwangilarsa na ƙarin kakar wasa a watan Mayu na 2010. <ref name="renew_contract" /> Ya karɓi horon Al Ittihad a ranar 22 ga Mayu 2019, don maye gurbin Helmy Toulan, ya fara da aikin riƙo, sannan ya sanya hannu kan kwangila mai tsawo. A ranar 12 ga Oktoba 2020, ya yi murabus daga horar da El Ittihad. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Talaat Youssef resigns from Ittihad job |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2020/10/12/talaat-youssef-resigns-ittihad/ |website=kingfut.com}}</ref> Daga baya ya jagoranci [[Al Ahli SC (Tripoli)|Al Ahli Tripoli]] a wa'adi na uku da [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] a 2021, sai kuma El Gouna da ENPPI SC har zuwa Fabrairu 2023. A watan Mayu 2024, ya zama babban kocin Modern Future FC . <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 May 2024 |title=OFFICIAL: Talaat Youssef takes charge of Modern Future |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2024/05/12/talaat-youssef-modern-future/ |publisher=KingFut}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] r2hs5gadrr8opcbz4umcyzx5qce67r8 0 153378 843214 2026-05-30T07:13:20Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | name = Lagos State Football Association | abbreviation = LSFA | formed = | headquarters = Surulere, Lagos, Najeriya | region_served = Jihar Legas, Najeriya | parent_organization = Najeriya Football Federation (NFF) | website = https://www.lagosfa.com.ng }} '''Lagos State Football Association''' ('''LSFA''') ita ce hukuma mai kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Legas ta ƙasar Najeriya. Ƙungiyar tana da alhakin tsara gasanni, rajist... 843214 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = Lagos State Football Association | abbreviation = LSFA | formed = | headquarters = Surulere, Lagos, Najeriya | region_served = Jihar Legas, Najeriya | parent_organization = Najeriya Football Federation (NFF) | website = https://www.lagosfa.com.ng }} '''Lagos State Football Association''' ('''LSFA''') ita ce hukuma mai kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Legas ta ƙasar Najeriya. Ƙungiyar tana da alhakin tsara gasanni, rajistar ƙungiyoyin ƙwallo, kula da alƙalai da masu horarwa, da kuma bunƙasa harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa daga matakin matasa zuwa manyan ƙungiyoyi a faɗin jihar Legas. Har ila yau, LSFA tana aiki a ƙarƙashin jagorancin [[Nigeria Football Federation]] (NFF), wacce ita ce babbar hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lagosfa.com.ng/about.html |title=About Us - Lagos State Football Association |publisher=LSFA Official Website |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == Lagos State Football Association tana daga cikin tsofaffin hukumomin kula da ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya, kasancewar jihar Legas ta kasance cibiyar ci gaban wasanni da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa tun kafin samun 'yancin kai. A tsawon shekaru, LSFA ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da gasa da tsare-tsaren da suka taimaka wajen haɓaka ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da dama daga jihar Legas zuwa matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. <ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/05/lagos-state-football-association-chairmanship-i-have-unfinished-business-akinwunmi/ |title=Lagos State Football Association Chairmanship: I have unfinished business — Akinwunmi |work=Vanguard News |date=21 May 2019 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarun baya-bayan nan, LSFA ta ƙara mayar da hankali kan ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin ƙasa (grassroots football), tare da ƙaddamar da sabbin tsare-tsare da kwamitoci domin bunƙasa gasanni da horar da matasa. Hakan ya haɗa da kafa kwamitocin fasaha, alƙalanci, ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata, tallace-tallace da tsaro domin ƙarfafa gudanar da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar. <ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.sports247.ng/lagos-state-football-association-inaugurates-7-standing-committees-fa-boss-charges-members-to-remain-committed-to-development-of-the-game/ |title=Lagos State Football Association Inaugurates 7 Standing Committees |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=26 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Babban aikin LSFA shi ne kula da dukkan harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Legas. Wannan ya haɗa da rajistar kulob-kulob, shirya gasanni, kula da lasisin masu horarwa da alƙalai, da kuma tabbatar da bin dokokin ƙwallon ƙafa da NFF ta tanada. Hukumar tana kuma haɗa kai da masu zuba jari da masu ruwa da tsaki domin samar da damar ci gaban matasa masu baiwar ƙwallon ƙafa. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lagosfa.com.ng/about.html |title=About Us - Lagos State Football Association |publisher=LSFA Official Website |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A cewar LSFA, jihar Legas tana da dubban matasa masu taka ƙwallon ƙafa waɗanda ke fatan samun damar taka leda a manyan lig-lig na duniya. Saboda haka, ƙungiyar tana shirya horo, gasanni da shirye-shiryen gano hazaka domin taimakawa ci gaban waɗannan matasa. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lagosfa.com.ng/about.html |title=About Us - Lagos State Football Association |publisher=LSFA Official Website |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Gasanni == LSFA tana shirya da kuma kula da gasa daban-daban a jihar Legas. Daga cikin fitattun gasannin akwai '''Lagos FA Cup''', wanda yake zama hanyar cancantar shiga '''President Federation Cup''' ta ƙasa. Gasar tana haɗa ƙungiyoyi daga matakai daban-daban domin fafatawa a gasar da ake ɗauka a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan gasannin jihar. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lagosfa.com.ng |title=Home - LSFA Official Website |publisher=LSFA Official Website |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma LSFA tana gudanar da '''Lagos State Football League''', wacce ita ce babbar gasar jihar. Zakaran wannan gasa yana samun damar shiga wasannin neman gurbin shiga lig-lig na ƙasa, yayin da ƙungiyoyin da suka yi ƙasa a teburi suke fuskantar faɗuwa zuwa ƙananan matakai. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lagosfa.com.ng/lsfl.html |title=Lagos State Football League |publisher=LSFA Official Website |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Baya ga haka, ƙungiyar tana shirya gasannin matasa masu shekaru ƙasa da 15 da ƙasa da 17, domin samar da tushe mai ƙarfi ga ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar. <ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.sports247.ng/lagos-state-fa-appoints-new-ceos-to-overhaul-football-leagues/ |title=Lagos State FA Appoints New CEOs To Overhaul Football Leagues |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=18 August 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyin da ke ƙarƙashin LSFA == LSFA tana da ɗaruruwan ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da suka yi rajista a ƙarƙashinta. Daga cikin fitattun ƙungiyoyin akwai ''Ikorodu City FC'', ''Sporting Lagos'', ''Inter Lagos'', ''Smart City FC'', ''Madiba FC'', ''1472 FC'', ''Magic Stars FC'', ''Dannaz FC'' da sauran su. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyi suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar da ma Najeriya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lagosfa.com.ng/registeredclubs.html |title=Registered Clubs |publisher=LSFA Official Website |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Gudanarwa == LSFA tana gudanar da ayyukanta ne ta hannun shugaban ƙungiya da mambobin kwamitin zartarwa. A shekarun baya an samu shugabanni daban-daban kamar '''Seyi Akinwunmi''' da '''Waidi Akanni''' waɗanda suka taka rawa wajen ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Legas. <ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/05/lagos-state-football-association-chairmanship-i-have-unfinished-business-akinwunmi/ |title=Lagos State Football Association Chairmanship: I have unfinished business — Akinwunmi |work=Vanguard News |date=21 May 2019 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waidi_Akanni |title=Waidi Akanni |website=Wikipedia |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2024, LSFA ta ƙaddamar da sabbin kwamitoci bakwai domin ƙarfafa tsarin gudanarwa da kuma inganta cigaban ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar. <ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.sports247.ng/lagos-state-football-association-inaugurates-7-standing-committees-fa-boss-charges-members-to-remain-committed-to-development-of-the-game/ |title=Lagos State Football Association Inaugurates 7 Standing Committees |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=26 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Hedikwata == Babban ofishin Lagos State Football Association yana a titin Ogunlana Drive, Surulere, a jihar Legas, Najeriya. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lagosfa.com.ng |title=Home - LSFA Official Website |publisher=LSFA Official Website |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://www.lagosfa.com.ng Shafin yanar gizon LSFA] [[Category:Football in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sports organizations in Nigeria]] [[Category:Lagos State]] [[Category:Football governing bodies in Nigeria]] 28gsuvvm7r3pvjdbikkw4espbbv0igw 0 153379 843215 2026-05-30T07:14:55Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354529487|Čedomir Janevski]]" 843215 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Čedomir "Čede" Janevski''' ( Macedonian , an haife shi a ranar 3 ga Yuli 1961) ƙwararren manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Macedonia kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. Ya buga wa ƙungiyar Yugoslavia da Macedonia wasa a ƙasashen duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Players Appearing for Two or More Countries |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/double-caps.html |access-date=2 July 2014 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == A lokacin shekaru biyu na Janevski a Club Brugge, ƙungiyar da daga baya ya zama mai horar da matasa, mataimakin manaja, kuma daga ƙarshe manaja, ya lashe gasar League a 1990 da kuma gasar cin kofin Belgium a 1991. Bai taɓa samun wuri mai aminci a cikin 'yan wasan farko ba, inda ya buga wasanni 35 kuma ya zira kwallaye sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru biyu. <ref name="Janevski">{{Cite web |title=Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière |url=http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer |access-date=29 May 2015 |publisher=Club Brugge}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Janevski ya fara buga wa Yugoslavia wasa a wasan sada zumunci a watan Agustan 1987 da Tarayyar Soviet kuma ya samu jimillar wasanni biyu. Daga nan ya sake bugawa Macedonia wasa a wasan sada zumunci da Slovenia a watan Oktoban 1993 kuma ya sake samun wasanni biyar. Wasansa na ƙarshe na ƙwallon ƙafa a duniya shi ne wasan cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Turai da Belgium a Skopje a watan Yunin 1995. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Player Database |url=https://eu-football.info/_player.php?id=9312 |access-date=2020-04-12 |website=eu-football.info}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar gudanarwa == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Managerial record by team and tenure ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |Nat ! rowspan="2" |From ! rowspan="2" |To ! colspan="8" |Record |- !{{Tooltip|G|Games managed}} !{{Tooltip|W|Wins}} !{{Tooltip|D|Draws}} !{{Tooltip|L|Losses}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} !{{Tooltip|Win %|Winning percentage}} |- |Club Brugge |{{Flagicon|Belgium}} |19 January 2007 |30 June 2007 {{WDL|20|8|5|7|for=30|against=25|diff=yes}} |- |Al-Shaab |{{Flagicon|United Arab Emirates}} |26 July 2008 |10 September 2008 {{WDL|0|0|0|0|for=0|against=0|diff=yes}} |- |[[Red Star Belgrade]] |{{Flagicon|Serbia}} |10 September 2008 |5 May 2009 {{WDL|26|14|6|6|for=46|against=23|diff=yes}} |- |Enosis Neon Paralimni |{{Flagicon|Cyprus}} |1 June 2009 |10 January 2011 {{WDL|48|14|14|20|for=51|against=59|diff=yes}} |- |Ethnikos Achna |{{Flagicon|Cyprus}} |10 October 2011 |27 February 2012 {{WDL|17|5|5|7|for=12|against=15|diff=yes}} |- |North Macedonia |{{Flagicon|North Macedonia}} |21 August 2012 |27 September 2013 {{WDL|14|5|1|8|for=15|against=19|diff=yes}} |- |Mons |{{Flagicon|Belgium}} |28 September 2013 |30 June 2014 {{WDL|25|6|3|16|for=24|against=43|diff=yes}} |- |Mouscron-Péruwelz |{{Flagicon|Belgium}} |1 July 2015 |19 January 2016 {{WDL|25|7|6|12|for=32|against=39|diff=yes}} |- |Waasland-Beveren |{{Flagicon|Belgium}} |7 November 2016 |30 June 2017 {{WDL|27|9|5|13|for=32|against=40|diff=yes}} |- |FK Vardar |{{Flagicon|North Macedonia}} |16 August 2017 |16 April 2018 {{WDL|33|15|8|10|for=47|against=43|diff=yes}} |- |[[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] |{{Flagicon|Egypt}} |17 December 2018 |26 April 2019 {{WDL|22|6|8|8|for=21|against=26|diff=yes}} |- |Enosis Neon Paralimni |{{Flagicon|Cyprus}} |20 January 2020 |31 May 2020 {{WDL|8|3|4|1|for=10|against=8|diff=yes}} |- |Olympiakos Nicosia |{{Flagicon|Cyprus}} |28 January 2021 |31 May 2021 {{WDL|20|10|3|7|for=28|against=23|diff=yes}} |- |AEL Limassol |{{Flagicon|Cyprus}} |17 September 2022 |14 April 2023 {{WDL|31|14|7|10|for=32|against=29|diff=yes}} |- ! colspan="4" |Career total {{WDLtot|316|116|75|125|for=380|against=392|diff=yes}} |} == Daraja == === Ɗan wasa === '''Club Brugge''' <ref name="Janevski">{{Cite web |title=Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière |url=http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer |access-date=29 May 2015 |publisher=Club Brugge}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer "Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière"]. Club Brugge<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> * Rukunin Farko na Belgium : 1989–90 * Kofin Belgium : 1990–91 === Manaja === '''Olympiacos''' (a matsayin mataimakin manaja) * Gasar Super League ta Girka : 2005–06 <ref name="Janevski">{{Cite web |title=Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière |url=http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer |access-date=29 May 2015 |publisher=Club Brugge}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer "Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière"]. Club Brugge<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> * Kofin Girka : 2005–06 <ref name="Janevski" /> '''Club Brugge''' * Kofin Belgium : 2006–07 <ref name="Janevski">{{Cite web |title=Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière |url=http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer |access-date=29 May 2015 |publisher=Club Brugge}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer "Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière"]. Club Brugge<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1961]] 5gobvvpv5kalzt8z3d7oxxhmreivibl 843216 843215 2026-05-30T07:15:21Z Engineer014 44591 843216 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Čedomir "Čede" Janevski''' ( Macedonian , an haife shi a ranar 3 ga Yuli 1961) ƙwararren manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Macedonia kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. Ya buga wa ƙungiyar Yugoslavia da Macedonia wasa a ƙasashen duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Players Appearing for Two or More Countries |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/double-caps.html |access-date=2 July 2014 |website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == A lokacin shekaru biyu na Janevski a Club Brugge, ƙungiyar da daga baya ya zama mai horar da matasa, mataimakin manaja, kuma daga ƙarshe manaja, ya lashe gasar League a 1990 da kuma gasar cin kofin Belgium a 1991. Bai taɓa samun wuri mai aminci a cikin 'yan wasan farko ba, inda ya buga wasanni 35 kuma ya zira kwallaye sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru biyu. <ref name="Janevski">{{Cite web |title=Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière |url=http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer |access-date=29 May 2015 |publisher=Club Brugge}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Janevski ya fara buga wa Yugoslavia wasa a wasan sada zumunci a watan Agustan 1987 da Tarayyar Soviet kuma ya samu jimillar wasanni biyu. Daga nan ya sake bugawa Macedonia wasa a wasan sada zumunci da Slovenia a watan Oktoban 1993 kuma ya sake samun wasanni biyar. Wasansa na ƙarshe na ƙwallon ƙafa a duniya shi ne wasan cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Turai da Belgium a Skopje a watan Yunin 1995. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Player Database |url=https://eu-football.info/_player.php?id=9312 |access-date=2020-04-12 |website=eu-football.info}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar gudanarwa == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Managerial record by team and tenure ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |Nat ! rowspan="2" |From ! rowspan="2" |To ! colspan="8" |Record |- !{{Tooltip|G|Games managed}} !{{Tooltip|W|Wins}} !{{Tooltip|D|Draws}} !{{Tooltip|L|Losses}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} !{{Tooltip|Win %|Winning percentage}} |- |Club Brugge |{{Flagicon|Belgium}} |19 January 2007 |30 June 2007 {{WDL|20|8|5|7|for=30|against=25|diff=yes}} |- |Al-Shaab |{{Flagicon|United Arab Emirates}} |26 July 2008 |10 September 2008 {{WDL|0|0|0|0|for=0|against=0|diff=yes}} |- |[[Red Star Belgrade]] |{{Flagicon|Serbia}} |10 September 2008 |5 May 2009 {{WDL|26|14|6|6|for=46|against=23|diff=yes}} |- |Enosis Neon Paralimni |{{Flagicon|Cyprus}} |1 June 2009 |10 January 2011 {{WDL|48|14|14|20|for=51|against=59|diff=yes}} |- |Ethnikos Achna |{{Flagicon|Cyprus}} |10 October 2011 |27 February 2012 {{WDL|17|5|5|7|for=12|against=15|diff=yes}} |- |North Macedonia |{{Flagicon|North Macedonia}} |21 August 2012 |27 September 2013 {{WDL|14|5|1|8|for=15|against=19|diff=yes}} |- |Mons |{{Flagicon|Belgium}} |28 September 2013 |30 June 2014 {{WDL|25|6|3|16|for=24|against=43|diff=yes}} |- |Mouscron-Péruwelz |{{Flagicon|Belgium}} |1 July 2015 |19 January 2016 {{WDL|25|7|6|12|for=32|against=39|diff=yes}} |- |Waasland-Beveren |{{Flagicon|Belgium}} |7 November 2016 |30 June 2017 {{WDL|27|9|5|13|for=32|against=40|diff=yes}} |- |FK Vardar |{{Flagicon|North Macedonia}} |16 August 2017 |16 April 2018 {{WDL|33|15|8|10|for=47|against=43|diff=yes}} |- |[[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] |{{Flagicon|Egypt}} |17 December 2018 |26 April 2019 {{WDL|22|6|8|8|for=21|against=26|diff=yes}} |- |Enosis Neon Paralimni |{{Flagicon|Cyprus}} |20 January 2020 |31 May 2020 {{WDL|8|3|4|1|for=10|against=8|diff=yes}} |- |Olympiakos Nicosia |{{Flagicon|Cyprus}} |28 January 2021 |31 May 2021 {{WDL|20|10|3|7|for=28|against=23|diff=yes}} |- |AEL Limassol |{{Flagicon|Cyprus}} |17 September 2022 |14 April 2023 {{WDL|31|14|7|10|for=32|against=29|diff=yes}} |- ! colspan="4" |Career total {{WDLtot|316|116|75|125|for=380|against=392|diff=yes}} |} == Daraja == === Ɗan wasa === '''Club Brugge''' <ref name="Janevski">{{Cite web |title=Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière |url=http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer |access-date=29 May 2015 |publisher=Club Brugge}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer "Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière"]. Club Brugge<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> * Rukunin Farko na Belgium : 1989–90 * Kofin Belgium : 1990–91 === Manaja === '''Olympiacos''' (a matsayin mataimakin manaja) * Gasar Super League ta Girka : 2005–06 <ref name="Janevski">{{Cite web |title=Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière |url=http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer |access-date=29 May 2015 |publisher=Club Brugge}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer "Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière"]. Club Brugge<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> * Kofin Girka : 2005–06 <ref name="Janevski" /> '''Club Brugge''' * Kofin Belgium : 2006–07 <ref name="Janevski">{{Cite web |title=Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière |url=http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer |access-date=29 May 2015 |publisher=Club Brugge}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://clubbrugge.be/nl/de-club/geschiedenis/oud-trainers-index/cedomir-janevski-trainer "Cedomir Janevski Spelerscarrière"]. Club Brugge<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1961]] 94veu52d5u6uuxai1wqpfefbf1mnyzc 0 153380 843217 2026-05-30T07:16:16Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox football association | name = Kano State Football Association | abbreviation = KSFA | headquarters = Kano, Najeriya | region = [[Nigeria Football Federation]] | president = Sharif Rabiu Inuwa Ahlan | affiliation = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | sport = Ƙwallon ƙafa | country = Najeriya }} '''Kano State Football Association''' (KSFA) ƙungiya ce da ke kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a Jihar Kano, Najeriya. Ita ce reshen Nigeria Footbal... 843217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football association | name = Kano State Football Association | abbreviation = KSFA | headquarters = Kano, Najeriya | region = [[Nigeria Football Federation]] | president = Sharif Rabiu Inuwa Ahlan | affiliation = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | sport = Ƙwallon ƙafa | country = Najeriya }} '''Kano State Football Association''' (KSFA) ƙungiya ce da ke kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a Jihar Kano, Najeriya. Ita ce reshen [[Nigeria Football Federation]] (NFF) a jihar Kano, kuma tana da alhakin tsara gasanni, gudanar da ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na cikin gida, bunƙasa wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin matasa, da kuma sa ido kan ayyukan hukumomin ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙananan hukumomi 44 na jihar. Ƙungiyar tana daga cikin manyan hukumomin ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya saboda yawan ƙungiyoyin da ke ƙarƙashinta da kuma tasirin da take da shi wajen haɓaka ƙwallon ƙafa a arewacin ƙasar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kano FA restates commitment to grassroots football development |url=https://gazettengr.com/kano-fa-restates-commitment-to-grassroots-football-development/ |publisher=People's Gazette |date=27 Disamba 2021 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Jihar Kano ta samo asali ne daga tsarin gudanar da ƙwallon ƙafa na jihohi da aka kafa ƙarƙashin Najeriya Football Federation domin kula da harkokin wasan a matakin jiha. Kano ta daɗe tana daga cikin cibiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa mafi muhimmanci a Najeriya, inda ta samar da fitattun ƙungiyoyi irin su Kano Pillars da kuma ɗimbin 'yan wasa da jami'an wasa da suka wakilci ƙasa a matakai daban-daban. KSFA ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shirya gasannin cikin gida da gano hazikan matasa masu tasowa.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kano FA restates commitment to grassroots football development |url=https://gazettengr.com/kano-fa-restates-commitment-to-grassroots-football-development/ |publisher=People's Gazette |date=27 Disamba 2021 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Kano Govt to distribute football kits worth N98m to amateur clubs |url=https://www.nationalaccordnewspaper.com/kano-govt-to-distribute-football-kits-worth-n98m-to-amateur-clubs/ |publisher=National Accord |date=28 Disamba 2021 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Tsari da shugabanci == KSFA tana aiki ne a ƙarƙashin dokoki da ƙa'idojin NFF, tare da haɗin gwiwar hukumomin wasanni na jihar Kano. Tun daga shekarun 2010, Sharif Rabiu Inuwa Ahlan ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan shugabannin ƙungiyar. A shekarar 2019 an sake zaɓensa a matsayin shugaban KSFA bayan ya samu cikakken goyon bayan wakilan zaɓe a jihar. Ahlan ya kuma kasance mamba a kwamitocin ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasa tare da jagorantar shirye-shiryen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa a Kano.<ref>{{cite news |title=JUST IN: Ahlan Re-elected Kano State FA Chairman |url=https://solacebase.com/just-in-ahlan-re-elected-kano-state-fa-chairman/ |publisher=SolaceBase |date=26 Mayu 2019 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=FUD confers award to Kano FA Chairman |url=https://nigeriantracker.com/2021/04/28/fud-confers-award-to-kano-fa-chairman/ |publisher=Nigerian Tracker |date=28 Afirilu 2021 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa == KSFA ta mayar da hankali sosai wajen haɓaka ƙwallon ƙafa daga tushe. A cewar shugabannin ƙungiyar, Kano tana da fiye da ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa 3,000 da aka yi wa rajista a faɗin ƙananan hukumomi 44, abin da ya sanya jihar ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya. Ƙungiyar tana gudanar da gasannin matasa, horar da masu horarwa da alƙalan wasa, tare da samar da hanyoyin da matasa za su iya shiga manyan ƙungiyoyi da gasanni na ƙasa.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kano FA restates commitment to grassroots football development |url=https://gazettengr.com/kano-fa-restates-commitment-to-grassroots-football-development/ |publisher=People's Gazette |date=27 Disamba 2021 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2021 gwamnatin jihar Kano ta sanar da shirin raba kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na fiye da Naira miliyan 98 ga ƙungiyoyin amatoci a dukkan ƙananan hukumomi 44 na jihar. Wannan mataki ya samu goyon bayan KSFA domin ƙarfafa bunƙasar ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin ƙasa da jihar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kano Govt to distribute football kits worth N98m to amateur clubs |url=https://www.nationalaccordnewspaper.com/kano-govt-to-distribute-football-kits-worth-n98m-to-amateur-clubs/ |publisher=National Accord |date=28 Disamba 2021 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Gasanni == KSFA na gudanar da gasanni daban-daban a jihar, ciki har da Tofa Premier League da kuma wasannin share fagen shiga gasar President Federation Cup. A shekarar 2026, ƙungiyar ta shirya gudanar da wasannin share fagen Federation Cup a Kano domin zaɓar ƙungiyoyin da za su wakilci jihar a matakin ƙasa. Daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da suka shiga gasar akwai Kano Pillars FC, Barau FC, Bichi First FC, Azuhba FC, Chanji Boys FC da Pro Line FC.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kano Football Association to draws 2026 President Federation Cup |url=https://independentmirror.ng/kano-football-association-to-draws-2026-president-federation-cup/ |publisher=Independent Mirror |date=18 Maris 2026 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Kalubale da cece-kuce == Kamar sauran ƙungiyoyin wasanni, KSFA ta fuskanci wasu cece-kuce dangane da gudanar da gasanni da zaɓen shugabanci. A wasu lokuta an kai ƙarar ƙungiyar a kotu dangane da zargin hana wasu ƙungiyoyi damar shiga gasanni ko kuma rikice-rikicen gudanarwa. Duk da haka, shugabannin ƙungiyar sun ci gaba da jaddada aniyarsu ta tabbatar da adalci da bin ƙa'idoji wajen gudanar da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Club owner drags Kano state football association to court, over alleged violation of fundamental human rights |url=https://sahelsportsnews.com/2025/07/club-owner-drags-kano-state-football-association-to-court-over-alleged-violation-of-fundamental-human-rights/ |publisher=Sahel Sports News |date=11 Yuli 2025 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Kano club owner sues state football association over alleged rights violation |url=https://ovanews.com.ng/news/kano-club-owner-sues-state-football-association-over-alleged-rights-violation/ |publisher=Ova News NG |date=2025 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] * [[Kano Pillars F.C.]] * [[Sports a Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Football in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sports organizations in Nigeria]] [[Category:Kano State]] [[Category:Football governing bodies in Nigeria]] j4iy4bke3j6e6qnw0tlsnl7zety2azv 0 153381 843218 2026-05-30T07:18:27Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | name = Kaduna State Football Association | abbreviation = KSFA | type = Hukumar gudanar da ƙwallon ƙafa | headquarters = [[Kaduna]], [[Kaduna State]], Najeriya | region_served = Jihar Kaduna | parent_organization = [[Nigeria Football Federation]] (NFF) | chairman = Faisal Abdullahi Muhammad | website = }} '''Kaduna State Football Association''' (KSFA) ƙungiya ce mai kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a Ka... 843218 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = Kaduna State Football Association | abbreviation = KSFA | type = Hukumar gudanar da ƙwallon ƙafa | headquarters = [[Kaduna]], [[Kaduna State]], Najeriya | region_served = Jihar Kaduna | parent_organization = [[Nigeria Football Federation]] (NFF) | chairman = Faisal Abdullahi Muhammad | website = }} '''Kaduna State Football Association''' (KSFA) ƙungiya ce mai kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a [[Kaduna State|Jihar Kaduna]], Najeriya. Ita ce ke da alhakin tsarawa, gudanarwa da bunƙasa wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin jiha, tare da haɗin gwiwa da [[Nigeria Football Federation]] (NFF). Haka kuma ƙungiyar tana kula da gasannin cikin gida, shirye-shiryen matasa da kuma haɗa ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da hukumomin ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasa.<ref>{{cite web |title=2021: Kaduna FA Set to Commence Zonal Grassroots Soccer Competitions |url=https://diasporadigitalmedia.com/2021-kaduna-fa-set-to-commence-zonal-grassroots-soccer-competitions/ |website=Diaspora Digital Media |date=7 February 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == Kaduna na daga cikin jihohin Najeriya da suka taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa. Hukumar Kaduna State Football Association ta kasance cibiyar gudanar da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar, tana kula da ƙungiyoyi, gasanni da kuma ayyukan bunƙasa matasa masu sha'awar wasan. Har ila yau, tana aiki tare da ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na yankuna daban-daban na jihar domin faɗaɗa harkokin wasan daga matakin karkara zuwa na ƙasa.<ref>{{cite web |title=2021: Kaduna FA Set to Commence Zonal Grassroots Soccer Competitions |url=https://diasporadigitalmedia.com/2021-kaduna-fa-set-to-commence-zonal-grassroots-soccer-competitions/ |website=Diaspora Digital Media |date=7 February 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tsarin gudanarwa == Kaduna State Football Association tana gudanar da ayyukanta ne ta hanyar yankuna uku na gudanarwa da suka haɗa da ZAFA (Zaria Area Football Association), KAFA (Kaduna Area Football Association) da JAFA (Jema'a Area Football Association). Waɗannan yankuna suna taimakawa wajen shirya gasannin cikin gida da gano sabbin 'yan wasa daga matakin ƙananan hukumomi zuwa matakin jiha.<ref>{{cite web |title=2021: Kaduna FA Set to Commence Zonal Grassroots Soccer Competitions |url=https://diasporadigitalmedia.com/2021-kaduna-fa-set-to-commence-zonal-grassroots-soccer-competitions/ |website=Diaspora Digital Media |date=7 February 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Shugabanci == A shekarar 2017, shugaban ƙungiyar na lokacin, '''Abdulkadir Magaji''', ya rasu bayan gajeruwar rashin lafiya. Magaji ya kasance fitaccen jami'in gudanar da ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya, inda ya kuma riƙe muƙamin mataimakin shugaban Najeriya National League (NNL) mai zaman kansa. Mutuwarsa ta haifar da alhini a tsakanin masu ruwa da tsaki a harkokin ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chairman of Kaduna State FA dies after battle with cancer |url=https://www.pulse.ng/story/abdulkadir-magaji-chairman-of-kaduna-state-fa-dies-after-battle-with-cancer-2024080223013597059 |website=Pulse Nigeria |date=17 January 2017 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Magaji, Kaduna FA chairman, dies at 52 |url=https://www.thecable.ng/just-magaji-kaduna-fa-chairman-dies-52/ |website=TheCable |date=17 January 2017 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Bayan rasuwar Magaji, Sharif Abdullahi Qassim ya ci gaba da jagorantar ƙungiyar, inda aka sake zaɓensa a matsayin shugaban Kaduna State Football Association a shekarar 2019 bayan samun rinjaye a zaɓen da aka gudanar a Kafanchan. Ya yi alkawarin bunƙasa harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa da gudanar da shugabanci mai buɗaɗɗen ƙofa ga masu ruwa da tsaki.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sharif Qassim re-elected Kaduna State FA chairman |url=https://dailytrust.com/sharif-qassim-re-elected-kaduna-state-fa-chairman/ |website=Daily Trust |date=2019 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A watan Oktoban shekarar 2023, '''Faisal Abdullahi Muhammad''' ya zama sabon shugaban Kaduna State Football Association bayan nasara mai gagarumar rinjaye a zaɓen ƙungiyar. Bayan zaɓensa, ya bayyana cewa babban burinsa shi ne sake farfaɗo da ƙwallon ƙafar jihar Kaduna tare da ƙarfafa alaƙa tsakanin ƙungiyar da gwamnatin jihar.<ref>{{cite web |title=Faisal Muhammad Emerges Kaduna FA Chairman |url=https://www.newspanorama.com.ng/2023/10/faisal-muhammad-emerges-kaduna-fa.html |website=News Panorama |date=31 October 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Gasanni da bunƙasa matasa == Ƙungiyar tana shirya gasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na yankuna da na jiha domin bunƙasa hazaka a tsakanin matasa. A shekarar 2021, KSFA ta sanar da shirye-shiryen gudanar da gasannin yankuna uku domin gano sabbin 'yan wasa da ƙarfafa ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa daga matakin tushe. Wannan ya kasance wani ɓangare na manufofin ƙungiyar na samar da dama ga matasa a faɗin jihar Kaduna.<ref>{{cite web |title=2021: Kaduna FA Set to Commence Zonal Grassroots Soccer Competitions |url=https://diasporadigitalmedia.com/2021-kaduna-fa-set-to-commence-zonal-grassroots-soccer-competitions/ |website=Diaspora Digital Media |date=7 February 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Alaƙa da ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa == Kaduna State Football Association tana aiki tare da manyan ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na jihar kamar [[Kaduna United F.C.]] da kuma ƙungiyoyin mata irin su Kada Queens. Hakan yana taimakawa wajen haɓaka harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa ga maza da mata a jihar tare da samar da hanyoyin ci gaba ga 'yan wasa masu tasowa.<ref>{{cite web |title=KADA Queens Appoint Jaba LGC Administrator As Board Chairman |url=https://leadership.ng/kada-queens-appoint-jaba-lgc-administrator-as-board-chairman/ |website=Leadership Newspaper |date=2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Kaduna United F.C. |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaduna_United_F.C. |website=Wikipedia |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] * [[Kaduna United F.C.]] * [[Kada Queens F.C.]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Football in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sports organizations in Nigeria]] [[Category:Organizations based in Kaduna State]] [[Category:Football governing bodies in Nigeria]] 71mc214geo7q598a08jxdq1wcxoy76n 0 153382 843219 2026-05-30T07:20:16Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356815957|Miodrag Ješić]]" 843219 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Miodrag Ješić''' ( Serbian Cyrillic ; 30 Nuwamba 1958 - 8 Disamba 2022) ya kasance manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] kuma ɗan wasa na ƙasar Serbia. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2022 |title=Former footballer dies in car crash |url=https://report.az/en/football/former-footballer-dies-in-car-crash |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=report.az}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == Bayan ya fara wasa a Žarkovo, Vladica Kovačević ya ɗauki Ješić don ya koma Partizan a shekarar 1976. Manaja Ante Mladinić ya ɗaukaka shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko, amma ya fara buga wasa a gasar ƙarƙashin jagorancin Tomislav Kaloperović a kakar wasa ta 1980–81 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2013 |title=Intervju: Miodrag Ješić, 17.07.2013. |url=https://crnobelanostalgija.com/2013/07/intervju-miodrag-jesic-13072013.html |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=crnobelanostalgija.com |language=sr}}</ref> A lokacin aikinsa wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 1985, Ješić ya buga wasanni 144 kuma ya zura kwallaye 13 a ƙungiyar Partizan a gasar Yugoslav First League, wanda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar lashe gasar zakarun ƙasa a kakar wasa ta 1982–83 wanda Miloš Milutinović ya jagoranta. Ya kuma sami nasarar zura kwallaye a wasan da ba a taɓa mantawa da shi ba a kan ƙungiyar Queens Park Rangers ta Ingila da ci 4-0 a zagaye na biyu na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 1984–85 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Miodrag Ješić |url=https://www.partizanopedia.rs/miodragjesic.html |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=partizanopedia.rs |language=sr}}</ref> Daga baya, Ješić ya koma ƙasar waje zuwa Turkiyya kuma ya sanya hannu da Altay bisa gayyatar ɗan ƙasarsa Kemal Omeragić . Shi ne ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a kakar wasa uku ta farko da ya yi da ƙungiyar. Jimilla, Ješić ya buga wasanni 136 kuma ya zura kwallaye 40 ga Altay a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Turkiyya a cikin shekaru huɗu da ya yi daga 1985 zuwa 1989. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Miodrag Jesic |url=https://arsiv.mackolik.com/Player/Default.aspx?id=51742 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=mackolik.com |language=tr}}</ref> Bayan ya shafe kakar wasa da Trabzonspor, Ješić ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa ya koma Partizan a lokacin bazara na shekarar 1990 bisa shawarar tsohon kocinsa Miloš Milutinović. Ya samu ƙarancin lokacin wasa a wannan shekarar, kafin ya yanke shawarar ajiye takalmansa, yana da shekaru 32. A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1992, Ješić ya fito daga ritaya ya koma Altay . Tabbas ya yi ritaya daga wasa lokacin da wa'adinsa na biyu da ƙungiyar ya ƙare a watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1993. A lokacin da yake Turkiyya, an ba wa Ješić laƙabi "Mai Naman Shanu" saboda salon wasansa mai ƙarfi da rashin sassauci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2015 |title=Yesiç'ten Rıdvan Dilmen için şok iddia! |url=https://www.milliyet.com.tr/skorer/yesicten-ridvan-dilmen-icin-sok-iddia-2134319 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=milliyet.com.tr |language=tr}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A matakin ƙasa da ƙasa, Ješić ya buga wa Yugoslavia wasanni takwas tsakanin 1982 da 1984, inda ya zira kwallaye biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ješić Miodrag |url=https://www.reprezentacija.rs/jesic-miodrag/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=reprezentacija.rs |language=sr}}</ref> Ya buga cikakken mintuna 90 a wasan da suka doke Bulgaria da ci 3-2 a watan Disamba na 1983 wanda ya ba ƙasar damar shiga gasar UEFA Euro 1984, amma an cire shi daga cikin 'yan wasan ƙarshe na gasar. Wasansa na ƙarshe ya faru ne a ranar 12 ga Satumba, 1984 a wasan sada zumunci da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Scotland|Scotland]] suka sha kashi da ci 6-1 a Hampden Park . == Aikin gudanarwa == Bayan ya ajiye takalmansa, Ješić ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa ya fara aikinsa na kocin Obilić a shekarar 1994. Daga baya ya karɓi ragamar ƙungiyar Radnički Beograd wacce aka sake korarta daga gasar Second League . A watan Mayun 1997, tare da sauran wasanni biyar a kakar wasa, Ješić ya yi murabus daga muƙaminsa bayan da aka yi zargin shugaban ƙungiyar ya "ba shi shawarar" ya yi kunnen doki da Dinamo Pančevo . Daga nan ya karɓi ragamar ƙungiyar ta Second League Mladi Radnik, kafin ya fara buga wasa a gasar First League a matsayin manajan Radnički Niš a watan Afrilun 1998. Ya yi aiki a irin wannan matsayin a OFK Beograd a lokacin harin bam na NATO - wanda aka dakatar daga kakar wasa ta 1998-99 . A watan Yunin 1999, an bayyana Ješić a matsayin sabon manaja na Partizan, inda ya maye gurbin Ljubiša Tumbaković wanda ya bar kungiyar kwanan nan. Ya jagoranci kungiyar zuwa ga nasarori biyu masu gamsarwa kan zakarun Estonia Flora (10-1) da kuma zakarun Croatia Rijeka (6-1) a zagaye biyu na farko na cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai ta 1999-2000, kafin ta sha kashi a hannun Spartak Moscow mai karfin iko a Rasha da ci 5-1 a zagayen cancantar shiga gasar. Bayan da ta sha kashi a gasar cin kofin kasa da wuri kuma ta kare a matsayin ta biyu a gasar, an kori Ješić aka maye gurbinsa da wanda ya gada Ljubiša Tumbaković a watan Mayun 2000. A lokacin bazara na 2000, Ješić ya koma Tunisia kuma ya amince da yarjejeniyar da CS Sfaxien . Ya lashe Kofin Zakarun Kulob na Larabawa na 2000, amma ba da daɗewa ba ya bar matsayinsa saboda bala'in iyali kuma ya huta daga ƙwallon ƙafa. Bayan dawowarsa tare da Radnički Beograd a Gasar Cin Kofin Biyu, an naɗa Ješić a matsayin manajan tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa ta Altay a watan Yulin 2002, amma ya yi murabus a watan da ya biyo baya saboda rashin ƙarin 'yan wasa a sabuwar kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 August 2002 |title=Altay’da Yesiç istifa etti |url=http://arsiv.ntv.com.tr/news/168502.asp |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=ntv.com.tr |language=tr}}</ref> Daga baya ya karɓi ragamar ƙungiyar Slavia Sofia ta Bulgaria a watan Disamba na 2002, inda ya maye gurbin ɗan ƙasarsa Žarko Olarević . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 December 2002 |title=Ješic accepts Slavia challenge |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/018c-0f8445b6edb8-aa48862074a2-1000--jesic-accepts-slavia-challenge/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2003, Ješić ya rabu da su, <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 August 2003 |title=Coaches quit in Bulgaria |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/0194-0f8edd0aa5b8-4258b6606b84-1000--coaches-quit-in-bulgaria/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> bayan ya kare a matsayi na huɗu a gasar a kakar wasa da ta gabata . Daga nan ya tafi Iran ya yi ɗan lokaci tare da Pegah Gilan a lokacin 2004. A watan Fabrairun 2005, an naɗa Ješić a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar CSKA Sofia ta ƙasar Bulgaria, [[Premier League|inda]] ya lashe gasar lig a ƙarshen wannan kakar. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa nasara a waje da [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] a wasan share fage na zagaye na uku na gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA a kakar wasa ta 2005-06, amma ya sha kashi a wasan da ci 3-2. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2005 |title=Liverpool through despite defeat |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/01ac-0e6cf9216ea6-4cf72f2cdd06-1000--liverpool-through-despite-defeat/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2005 |title=Red-faced Liverpool given a scare |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/aug/24/match.sport |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=theguardian.com}}</ref> Daga baya, Ješić ya cancanci su shiga matakin rukuni na gasar UEFA Cup ta 2005-06 da nasara biyu da ci 1-0 a kan ƙungiyar Bundesliga ta Bayer Leverkusen a zagaye na farko . <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2005 |title=Ješić seeks second German scalp |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/01ae-0e6cf921693f-ecaab6ac12c7-1000--jesic-seeks-second-german-scalp/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> Saboda haka aka naɗa shi Kocin Shekara a Bulgaria a shekarar 2005. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2005 |title=Berbatov keeps top Bulgarian award |url=https://www.cnn.com/2005/SPORT/football/12/24/bulgaria.berbatov/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=cnn.com}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2006, Ješić ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa bayan rashin nasara 1-0 a gida a hannun abokan hamayyarsa Levski Sofia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2006 |title=Levski catch CSKA in title race |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/01b4-0f8487db1382-2dd1c897a8ad-1000--levski-catch-cska-in-title-race/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2006, Ješić ya sake komawa Partizan a matsayin manaja a kan kwantiragin shekaru uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2006 |title=Ješić kod kuće |url=https://www.blic.rs/vesti/drustvo/jesic-kod-kuce/swn771n |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=blic.rs |language=sr}}</ref> Ya jagoranci kungiyar zuwa ga nasarar da ta samu a kan kungiyar Slovenia ta Maribor da ci 3-2 a zagaye na biyu na neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin UEFA na 2006-07, sannan kuma ta samu nasara a kan kungiyar Groningen ta Holland da ci 4-3 a zagaye na farko don cancantar shiga matakin rukuni, amma ta kare a kasan teburin da maki daya kacal a wasanni hudu. Bayan rashin nasara a rabin farko na kakar wasa, Ješić ya bar kungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Janairun 2007 kuma aka maye gurbinsa da [[Miroslav Đukić]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 January 2007 |title=Partizan name Djukic as new coach |url=https://www.cnn.com/2007/SPORT/football/01/09/serbia.partizan/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=cnn.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 January 2007 |title=Ješić: Rastali smo se kao prijatelji |url=https://mondo.rs/Sport/Fudbal/a46529/Jesic-Rastali-smo-se-kao-prijatelji.html |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=mondo.rs |language=sr}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na 2007, bayan Shirin Faraz ya kore shi, Ješić ya bar Iran ya koma Bulgaria, inda ya amince da tayin horar da Litex Lovech . <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 November 2007 |title=Ješić back in Bulgaria with Litex |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/01c7-0f84bafe326e-990281beff41-1000--jesic-back-in-bulgaria-with-litex/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> Ya lashe gasar cin kofin Bulgaria ta 2007–08 tare da kulob din. A watan Yunin 2008, Ješić ya koma makwabciyar Romania, inda ya zama kocin sabbin 'yan wasa na Liga I, Otopeni, <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2008 |title=Jesic a fost prezentat la Otopeni |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/liga-1/jesic-a-fost-prezentat-la-otopeni-2738877 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=prosport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> wanda ya shafe kasa da watanni biyu yana jagorantar kungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 August 2008 |title=Jesici a fost dat afară de la Otopeni! |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/liga-1/jesici-a-fost-dat-afara-de-la-otopeni-2935416 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=prosport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> A watan Satumba na 2008, an bayyana Ješić a matsayin manajan zakarun Montenegro Budućnost Podgorica . <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 September 2008 |title=Miodrag Ješić trener Budućnosti! |url=https://mondo.rs/Sport/Fudbal/a110822/Miodrag-Jesic-trener-Buducnosti.html |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=mondo.rs |language=sr}}</ref> Ya jagorance su zuwa matsayi na biyu a kakar wasa ta 2008-09 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2009 |title=Ješić: Prvenstvo Crne Gore neregularno |url=https://mondo.rs/Sport/Fudbal/a137768/Jesic-Prvenstvo-Crne-Gore-neregularno.html |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=mondo.rs |language=sr}}</ref> A watan Yuni na 2009, Ješić ya amince da kwantiraginsa da kulob din Al-Ittihad Tripoli na Libya kan kwantiragin har zuwa watan Yuni na 2010. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2009 |title=Miodrag Ješić u Libiji |url=https://www.b92.net/o/sport/fudbal/vesti?nav_id=368049 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=b92.net |language=sr}}</ref> Ya lashe Kofin Super Cup na Libya na 2009, da kuma kofin Premier na Libya na 2009-10 . A watan Yuni na 2010, an nada Ješić a matsayin manajan kungiyar Changsha Ginde ta kasar Sin a kokarin ceton kungiyar daga faduwa daga gasar. Bayan ɗan gajeren lokacin da ya yi tare da Al-Tahaddy ya ƙare ba zato ba tsammani saboda yaƙin basasa a Libya, Ješić ya zama kocin ƙungiyar Persian Gulf Cup Shahrdari Tabriz a watan Yunin 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2011 |title=یسیچ سرمربی تیم فوتبال شهرداری تبریز شد |url=https://www.irna.ir/amp/7117148 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=irna.ir |language=fa}}</ref> An sauke shi daga aikinsa a watan Disamba na wannan shekarar saboda mummunan sakamako a rabin farko na kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 December 2011 |title=Ješić dobio otkaz u Iranu |url=https://www.vijesti.me/sport/fudbal/334689/jesic-dobio-otkaz-u-iranu |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=vijesti.me |language=cnr}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2012, an sanar da cewa Ješić zai jagoranci ƙungiyar Saudi Pro League ta Najran . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2012 |title=نجران يتعاقد مع المدرب الصربي ميودراج ياشيش |url=https://www.al-jazirah.com/2012/20120531/sp6.htm |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=al-jazirah.com |language=ar}}</ref> An kore shi aka maye gurbinsa da Khemais Labidi a watan Janairun 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 January 2013 |title=الراهب يفاضل بين عرضي الشباب والاتفاق |url=https://www.al-jazirah.com/2013/20130103/sp1.htm |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=al-jazirah.com |language=ar}}</ref> Kasa da mako guda bayan haka, an tabbatar da Ješić a matsayin kocin CSKA Sofia, inda ya dawo don wa'adinsa na biyu a ƙungiyar. An kore shi ba zato ba tsammani bayan watanni biyu kacal, bayan ya lashe ɗaya daga cikin wasanni biyu da ya yi yana jagorantar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2013 |title=CSKA sack boss after two games in charge |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2013/3/11/cska-sack-boss-after-two-games-in-charge |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=aljazeera.com}}</ref> [[Fayil:Miodrag_Ješić.JPG|left|thumb|280x280px|Ješić tare da Litex Lovech a cikin 2014]] A watan Maris na 2014, Ješić ya koma Litex Lovech ya kuma jagoranci su har zuwa karshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2014 |title=Balakov handed Litex Lovech reins |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/0253-0d7f2c626320-5e1367028f53-1000--balakov-handed-litex-lovech-reins/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> Daga baya ya zama kocin ƙungiyar Myanmar National League ta Yangon United a mafi yawan kakar wasa ta 2015. A watan Satumba na 2015, Ješić ya karɓi ragamar Sarajevo, zakaran Bosnia. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2015 |title=Miodrag Ješić novi trener FK Sarajevo |url=https://balkans.aljazeera.net/news/sports/2015/9/23/miodrag-jesic-novi-trener-fk-sarajevo |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=aljazeera.net |language=bs}}</ref> Ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Maris na 2016 bayan da Sloboda Tuzla ta fitar da ƙungiyar daga gasar cin kofin ƙasa a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 March 2016 |title=Ješić više nije trener FK Sarajevo |url=https://balkans.aljazeera.net/news/sports/2016/3/16/jesic-vise-nije-trener-fk-sarajevo |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=aljazeera.net |language=bs}}</ref> Tsakanin Nuwamba 2016 da Maris 2017, Ješić ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar Al-Arabi ta Kuwait. A watan Yunin 2017, an naɗa Ješić a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar Al-Ettifaq ta Saudi Pro League . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2017 |title=ميودراغ يقود الاتفاق |url=https://www.okaz.com.sa/sport/na/1553507 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=okaz.com.sa |language=ar}}</ref> An sallame shi daga muƙaminsa a watan Disamba kuma Saad Al-Shehri ya maye gurbinsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 December 2017 |title=الاتفاق يقيل ميودراغ.. ويعين الشهري |url=https://www.okaz.com.sa/sport/na/1596771 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=okaz.com.sa |language=ar}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2018, Ješić ya amince da yarjejeniyar da ƙungiyar Khor Fakkan ta ƙungiyar UAE First Division League . <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2018 |title=جيسيج مدرباً لخورفكان |url=https://www.emaratalyoum.com/sports/local/2018-06-04-1.1105497 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=emaratalyoum.com |language=ar}}</ref> An sallame shi daga aikinsa a watan Oktoba bayan rashin kyawun aikin ƙungiyar a zagayen farko na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasar UAE na 2018–19 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2018 |title=خورفكان يقيل المدرب الصربي ميودراغ |url=https://www.emaratalyoum.com/sports/local/2018-10-21-1.1146178 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=emaratalyoum.com |language=ar}}</ref> A watan Agustan 2019, an sanar da Ješić a matsayin sabon manajan ƙungiyar Premier League ta Masar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2019 |title=Egypt's struggling side Ismaily name Serbian Jesic as new coach |url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/51/344867/Sports/Egyptian-Football/Egypts-struggling-side-Ismaily-name-Serbian-Jesic-.aspx |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=ahram.org.eg}}</ref> Ya rabu da su a farkon Disamba bayan ya ci wasanni biyu kuma ya sha kashi uku daga cikin biyar da suka buga a farkon kakar wasa . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2019 |title=Egypt's Ismaily part ways with Serbian coach Jesic after league slump |url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/51/356992/Sports/Egyptian-Football/Egypts-Ismaily-part-ways-with-Serbian-coach-Jesic-.aspx |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=ahram.org.eg}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Ješić ya mutu a wani hatsarin mota kusa da garin Ruma a ranar 8 ga Disamba, 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2022 |title=Poginuo nekadašnji trener Budućnosti i Partizana Miodrag Ješić |url=https://www.vijesti.me/sport/fudbal/634012/poginuo-nekadasnji-trener-buducnosti-i-partizana-miodrag-jesic |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=vijesti.me |language=cnr}}</ref> An binne shi kusa da 'yarsa Jelena, wacce ta mutu sakamakon matsaloli bayan hatsarin mota a watan Disamba na 2000 yana da shekaru 18. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2022 |title=KOMEMORACIJA MIODRAGU JEŠIĆU: Partizan se oprostio od velikog trenera i igrača koji je proslavio Humsku |url=https://www.novosti.rs/sport/fudbal/1181690/komemoracija-miodragu-jesicu-partizan-oprostio-velikog-trenera-igraca-koji-proslavio-humsku |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=novosti.rs |language=sr}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2022]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0uaecm2x5t45eey4yeu26dbkco2sgoa 843220 843219 2026-05-30T07:20:52Z Engineer014 44591 843220 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Miodrag Ješić''' ( Serbian Cyrillic ; 30 Nuwamba 1958 - 8 Disamba 2022) ya kasance manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] kuma ɗan wasa na ƙasar Serbia. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2022 |title=Former footballer dies in car crash |url=https://report.az/en/football/former-footballer-dies-in-car-crash |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=report.az}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == Bayan ya fara wasa a Žarkovo, Vladica Kovačević ya ɗauki Ješić don ya koma Partizan a shekarar 1976. Manaja Ante Mladinić ya ɗaukaka shi zuwa ƙungiyar farko, amma ya fara buga wasa a gasar ƙarƙashin jagorancin Tomislav Kaloperović a kakar wasa ta 1980–81 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2013 |title=Intervju: Miodrag Ješić, 17.07.2013. |url=https://crnobelanostalgija.com/2013/07/intervju-miodrag-jesic-13072013.html |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=crnobelanostalgija.com |language=sr}}</ref> A lokacin aikinsa wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 1985, Ješić ya buga wasanni 144 kuma ya zura kwallaye 13 a ƙungiyar Partizan a gasar Yugoslav First League, wanda ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar lashe gasar zakarun ƙasa a kakar wasa ta 1982–83 wanda Miloš Milutinović ya jagoranta. Ya kuma sami nasarar zura kwallaye a wasan da ba a taɓa mantawa da shi ba a kan ƙungiyar Queens Park Rangers ta Ingila da ci 4-0 a zagaye na biyu na gasar cin kofin UEFA ta 1984–85 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Miodrag Ješić |url=https://www.partizanopedia.rs/miodragjesic.html |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=partizanopedia.rs |language=sr}}</ref> Daga baya, Ješić ya koma ƙasar waje zuwa Turkiyya kuma ya sanya hannu da Altay bisa gayyatar ɗan ƙasarsa Kemal Omeragić . Shi ne ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a kakar wasa uku ta farko da ya yi da ƙungiyar. Jimilla, Ješić ya buga wasanni 136 kuma ya zura kwallaye 40 ga Altay a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Turkiyya a cikin shekaru huɗu da ya yi daga 1985 zuwa 1989. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Miodrag Jesic |url=https://arsiv.mackolik.com/Player/Default.aspx?id=51742 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=mackolik.com |language=tr}}</ref> Bayan ya shafe kakar wasa da Trabzonspor, Ješić ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa ya koma Partizan a lokacin bazara na shekarar 1990 bisa shawarar tsohon kocinsa Miloš Milutinović. Ya samu ƙarancin lokacin wasa a wannan shekarar, kafin ya yanke shawarar ajiye takalmansa, yana da shekaru 32. A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1992, Ješić ya fito daga ritaya ya koma Altay . Tabbas ya yi ritaya daga wasa lokacin da wa'adinsa na biyu da ƙungiyar ya ƙare a watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1993. A lokacin da yake Turkiyya, an ba wa Ješić laƙabi "Mai Naman Shanu" saboda salon wasansa mai ƙarfi da rashin sassauci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2015 |title=Yesiç'ten Rıdvan Dilmen için şok iddia! |url=https://www.milliyet.com.tr/skorer/yesicten-ridvan-dilmen-icin-sok-iddia-2134319 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=milliyet.com.tr |language=tr}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A matakin ƙasa da ƙasa, Ješić ya buga wa Yugoslavia wasanni takwas tsakanin 1982 da 1984, inda ya zira kwallaye biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ješić Miodrag |url=https://www.reprezentacija.rs/jesic-miodrag/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=reprezentacija.rs |language=sr}}</ref> Ya buga cikakken mintuna 90 a wasan da suka doke Bulgaria da ci 3-2 a watan Disamba na 1983 wanda ya ba ƙasar damar shiga gasar UEFA Euro 1984, amma an cire shi daga cikin 'yan wasan ƙarshe na gasar. Wasansa na ƙarshe ya faru ne a ranar 12 ga Satumba, 1984 a wasan sada zumunci da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Scotland|Scotland]] suka sha kashi da ci 6-1 a Hampden Park . == Aikin gudanarwa == Bayan ya ajiye takalmansa, Ješić ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa ya fara aikinsa na kocin Obilić a shekarar 1994. Daga baya ya karɓi ragamar ƙungiyar Radnički Beograd wacce aka sake korarta daga gasar Second League . A watan Mayun 1997, tare da sauran wasanni biyar a kakar wasa, Ješić ya yi murabus daga muƙaminsa bayan da aka yi zargin shugaban ƙungiyar ya "ba shi shawarar" ya yi kunnen doki da Dinamo Pančevo . Daga nan ya karɓi ragamar ƙungiyar ta Second League Mladi Radnik, kafin ya fara buga wasa a gasar First League a matsayin manajan Radnički Niš a watan Afrilun 1998. Ya yi aiki a irin wannan matsayin a OFK Beograd a lokacin harin bam na NATO - wanda aka dakatar daga kakar wasa ta 1998-99 . A watan Yunin 1999, an bayyana Ješić a matsayin sabon manaja na Partizan, inda ya maye gurbin Ljubiša Tumbaković wanda ya bar kungiyar kwanan nan. Ya jagoranci kungiyar zuwa ga nasarori biyu masu gamsarwa kan zakarun Estonia Flora (10-1) da kuma zakarun Croatia Rijeka (6-1) a zagaye biyu na farko na cancantar shiga gasar zakarun Turai ta 1999-2000, kafin ta sha kashi a hannun Spartak Moscow mai karfin iko a Rasha da ci 5-1 a zagayen cancantar shiga gasar. Bayan da ta sha kashi a gasar cin kofin kasa da wuri kuma ta kare a matsayin ta biyu a gasar, an kori Ješić aka maye gurbinsa da wanda ya gada Ljubiša Tumbaković a watan Mayun 2000. A lokacin bazara na 2000, Ješić ya koma Tunisia kuma ya amince da yarjejeniyar da CS Sfaxien . Ya lashe Kofin Zakarun Kulob na Larabawa na 2000, amma ba da daɗewa ba ya bar matsayinsa saboda bala'in iyali kuma ya huta daga ƙwallon ƙafa. Bayan dawowarsa tare da Radnički Beograd a Gasar Cin Kofin Biyu, an naɗa Ješić a matsayin manajan tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa ta Altay a watan Yulin 2002, amma ya yi murabus a watan da ya biyo baya saboda rashin ƙarin 'yan wasa a sabuwar kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 August 2002 |title=Altay’da Yesiç istifa etti |url=http://arsiv.ntv.com.tr/news/168502.asp |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=ntv.com.tr |language=tr}}</ref> Daga baya ya karɓi ragamar ƙungiyar Slavia Sofia ta Bulgaria a watan Disamba na 2002, inda ya maye gurbin ɗan ƙasarsa Žarko Olarević . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 December 2002 |title=Ješic accepts Slavia challenge |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/018c-0f8445b6edb8-aa48862074a2-1000--jesic-accepts-slavia-challenge/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2003, Ješić ya rabu da su, <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 August 2003 |title=Coaches quit in Bulgaria |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/0194-0f8edd0aa5b8-4258b6606b84-1000--coaches-quit-in-bulgaria/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> bayan ya kare a matsayi na huɗu a gasar a kakar wasa da ta gabata . Daga nan ya tafi Iran ya yi ɗan lokaci tare da Pegah Gilan a lokacin 2004. A watan Fabrairun 2005, an naɗa Ješić a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar CSKA Sofia ta ƙasar Bulgaria, [[Premier League|inda]] ya lashe gasar lig a ƙarshen wannan kakar. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa nasara a waje da [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] a wasan share fage na zagaye na uku na gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA a kakar wasa ta 2005-06, amma ya sha kashi a wasan da ci 3-2. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2005 |title=Liverpool through despite defeat |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/01ac-0e6cf9216ea6-4cf72f2cdd06-1000--liverpool-through-despite-defeat/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2005 |title=Red-faced Liverpool given a scare |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/aug/24/match.sport |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=theguardian.com}}</ref> Daga baya, Ješić ya cancanci su shiga matakin rukuni na gasar UEFA Cup ta 2005-06 da nasara biyu da ci 1-0 a kan ƙungiyar Bundesliga ta Bayer Leverkusen a zagaye na farko . <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2005 |title=Ješić seeks second German scalp |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/01ae-0e6cf921693f-ecaab6ac12c7-1000--jesic-seeks-second-german-scalp/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> Saboda haka aka naɗa shi Kocin Shekara a Bulgaria a shekarar 2005. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2005 |title=Berbatov keeps top Bulgarian award |url=https://www.cnn.com/2005/SPORT/football/12/24/bulgaria.berbatov/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=cnn.com}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2006, Ješić ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa bayan rashin nasara 1-0 a gida a hannun abokan hamayyarsa Levski Sofia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2006 |title=Levski catch CSKA in title race |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/01b4-0f8487db1382-2dd1c897a8ad-1000--levski-catch-cska-in-title-race/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2006, Ješić ya sake komawa Partizan a matsayin manaja a kan kwantiragin shekaru uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2006 |title=Ješić kod kuće |url=https://www.blic.rs/vesti/drustvo/jesic-kod-kuce/swn771n |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=blic.rs |language=sr}}</ref> Ya jagoranci kungiyar zuwa ga nasarar da ta samu a kan kungiyar Slovenia ta Maribor da ci 3-2 a zagaye na biyu na neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin UEFA na 2006-07, sannan kuma ta samu nasara a kan kungiyar Groningen ta Holland da ci 4-3 a zagaye na farko don cancantar shiga matakin rukuni, amma ta kare a kasan teburin da maki daya kacal a wasanni hudu. Bayan rashin nasara a rabin farko na kakar wasa, Ješić ya bar kungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Janairun 2007 kuma aka maye gurbinsa da [[Miroslav Đukić]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 January 2007 |title=Partizan name Djukic as new coach |url=https://www.cnn.com/2007/SPORT/football/01/09/serbia.partizan/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=cnn.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 January 2007 |title=Ješić: Rastali smo se kao prijatelji |url=https://mondo.rs/Sport/Fudbal/a46529/Jesic-Rastali-smo-se-kao-prijatelji.html |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=mondo.rs |language=sr}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na 2007, bayan Shirin Faraz ya kore shi, Ješić ya bar Iran ya koma Bulgaria, inda ya amince da tayin horar da Litex Lovech . <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 November 2007 |title=Ješić back in Bulgaria with Litex |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/01c7-0f84bafe326e-990281beff41-1000--jesic-back-in-bulgaria-with-litex/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> Ya lashe gasar cin kofin Bulgaria ta 2007–08 tare da kulob din. A watan Yunin 2008, Ješić ya koma makwabciyar Romania, inda ya zama kocin sabbin 'yan wasa na Liga I, Otopeni, <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2008 |title=Jesic a fost prezentat la Otopeni |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/liga-1/jesic-a-fost-prezentat-la-otopeni-2738877 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=prosport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> wanda ya shafe kasa da watanni biyu yana jagorantar kungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 August 2008 |title=Jesici a fost dat afară de la Otopeni! |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/liga-1/jesici-a-fost-dat-afara-de-la-otopeni-2935416 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=prosport.ro |language=ro}}</ref> A watan Satumba na 2008, an bayyana Ješić a matsayin manajan zakarun Montenegro Budućnost Podgorica . <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 September 2008 |title=Miodrag Ješić trener Budućnosti! |url=https://mondo.rs/Sport/Fudbal/a110822/Miodrag-Jesic-trener-Buducnosti.html |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=mondo.rs |language=sr}}</ref> Ya jagorance su zuwa matsayi na biyu a kakar wasa ta 2008-09 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2009 |title=Ješić: Prvenstvo Crne Gore neregularno |url=https://mondo.rs/Sport/Fudbal/a137768/Jesic-Prvenstvo-Crne-Gore-neregularno.html |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=mondo.rs |language=sr}}</ref> A watan Yuni na 2009, Ješić ya amince da kwantiraginsa da kulob din Al-Ittihad Tripoli na Libya kan kwantiragin har zuwa watan Yuni na 2010. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2009 |title=Miodrag Ješić u Libiji |url=https://www.b92.net/o/sport/fudbal/vesti?nav_id=368049 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=b92.net |language=sr}}</ref> Ya lashe Kofin Super Cup na Libya na 2009, da kuma kofin Premier na Libya na 2009-10 . A watan Yuni na 2010, an nada Ješić a matsayin manajan kungiyar Changsha Ginde ta kasar Sin a kokarin ceton kungiyar daga faduwa daga gasar. Bayan ɗan gajeren lokacin da ya yi tare da Al-Tahaddy ya ƙare ba zato ba tsammani saboda yaƙin basasa a Libya, Ješić ya zama kocin ƙungiyar Persian Gulf Cup Shahrdari Tabriz a watan Yunin 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2011 |title=یسیچ سرمربی تیم فوتبال شهرداری تبریز شد |url=https://www.irna.ir/amp/7117148 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=irna.ir |language=fa}}</ref> An sauke shi daga aikinsa a watan Disamba na wannan shekarar saboda mummunan sakamako a rabin farko na kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 December 2011 |title=Ješić dobio otkaz u Iranu |url=https://www.vijesti.me/sport/fudbal/334689/jesic-dobio-otkaz-u-iranu |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=vijesti.me |language=cnr}}</ref> A watan Mayun 2012, an sanar da cewa Ješić zai jagoranci ƙungiyar Saudi Pro League ta Najran . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2012 |title=نجران يتعاقد مع المدرب الصربي ميودراج ياشيش |url=https://www.al-jazirah.com/2012/20120531/sp6.htm |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=al-jazirah.com |language=ar}}</ref> An kore shi aka maye gurbinsa da Khemais Labidi a watan Janairun 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 January 2013 |title=الراهب يفاضل بين عرضي الشباب والاتفاق |url=https://www.al-jazirah.com/2013/20130103/sp1.htm |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=al-jazirah.com |language=ar}}</ref> Kasa da mako guda bayan haka, an tabbatar da Ješić a matsayin kocin CSKA Sofia, inda ya dawo don wa'adinsa na biyu a ƙungiyar. An kore shi ba zato ba tsammani bayan watanni biyu kacal, bayan ya lashe ɗaya daga cikin wasanni biyu da ya yi yana jagorantar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2013 |title=CSKA sack boss after two games in charge |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2013/3/11/cska-sack-boss-after-two-games-in-charge |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=aljazeera.com}}</ref> [[Fayil:Miodrag_Ješić.JPG|left|thumb|280x280px|Ješić tare da Litex Lovech a cikin 2014]] A watan Maris na 2014, Ješić ya koma Litex Lovech ya kuma jagoranci su har zuwa karshen kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2014 |title=Balakov handed Litex Lovech reins |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/0253-0d7f2c626320-5e1367028f53-1000--balakov-handed-litex-lovech-reins/ |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=uefa.com}}</ref> Daga baya ya zama kocin ƙungiyar Myanmar National League ta Yangon United a mafi yawan kakar wasa ta 2015. A watan Satumba na 2015, Ješić ya karɓi ragamar Sarajevo, zakaran Bosnia. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2015 |title=Miodrag Ješić novi trener FK Sarajevo |url=https://balkans.aljazeera.net/news/sports/2015/9/23/miodrag-jesic-novi-trener-fk-sarajevo |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=aljazeera.net |language=bs}}</ref> Ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Maris na 2016 bayan da Sloboda Tuzla ta fitar da ƙungiyar daga gasar cin kofin ƙasa a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 March 2016 |title=Ješić više nije trener FK Sarajevo |url=https://balkans.aljazeera.net/news/sports/2016/3/16/jesic-vise-nije-trener-fk-sarajevo |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=aljazeera.net |language=bs}}</ref> Tsakanin Nuwamba 2016 da Maris 2017, Ješić ya yi aiki a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar Al-Arabi ta Kuwait. A watan Yunin 2017, an naɗa Ješić a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar Al-Ettifaq ta Saudi Pro League . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2017 |title=ميودراغ يقود الاتفاق |url=https://www.okaz.com.sa/sport/na/1553507 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=okaz.com.sa |language=ar}}</ref> An sallame shi daga muƙaminsa a watan Disamba kuma Saad Al-Shehri ya maye gurbinsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 December 2017 |title=الاتفاق يقيل ميودراغ.. ويعين الشهري |url=https://www.okaz.com.sa/sport/na/1596771 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=okaz.com.sa |language=ar}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2018, Ješić ya amince da yarjejeniyar da ƙungiyar Khor Fakkan ta ƙungiyar UAE First Division League . <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2018 |title=جيسيج مدرباً لخورفكان |url=https://www.emaratalyoum.com/sports/local/2018-06-04-1.1105497 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=emaratalyoum.com |language=ar}}</ref> An sallame shi daga aikinsa a watan Oktoba bayan rashin kyawun aikin ƙungiyar a zagayen farko na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasar UAE na 2018–19 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2018 |title=خورفكان يقيل المدرب الصربي ميودراغ |url=https://www.emaratalyoum.com/sports/local/2018-10-21-1.1146178 |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=emaratalyoum.com |language=ar}}</ref> A watan Agustan 2019, an sanar da Ješić a matsayin sabon manajan ƙungiyar Premier League ta Masar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2019 |title=Egypt's struggling side Ismaily name Serbian Jesic as new coach |url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/51/344867/Sports/Egyptian-Football/Egypts-struggling-side-Ismaily-name-Serbian-Jesic-.aspx |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=ahram.org.eg}}</ref> Ya rabu da su a farkon Disamba bayan ya ci wasanni biyu kuma ya sha kashi uku daga cikin biyar da suka buga a farkon kakar wasa . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2019 |title=Egypt's Ismaily part ways with Serbian coach Jesic after league slump |url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/51/356992/Sports/Egyptian-Football/Egypts-Ismaily-part-ways-with-Serbian-coach-Jesic-.aspx |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=ahram.org.eg}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Ješić ya mutu a wani hatsarin mota kusa da garin Ruma a ranar 8 ga Disamba, 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2022 |title=Poginuo nekadašnji trener Budućnosti i Partizana Miodrag Ješić |url=https://www.vijesti.me/sport/fudbal/634012/poginuo-nekadasnji-trener-buducnosti-i-partizana-miodrag-jesic |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=vijesti.me |language=cnr}}</ref> An binne shi kusa da 'yarsa Jelena, wacce ta mutu sakamakon matsaloli bayan hatsarin mota a watan Disamba na 2000 yana da shekaru 18. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2022 |title=KOMEMORACIJA MIODRAGU JEŠIĆU: Partizan se oprostio od velikog trenera i igrača koji je proslavio Humsku |url=https://www.novosti.rs/sport/fudbal/1181690/komemoracija-miodragu-jesicu-partizan-oprostio-velikog-trenera-igraca-koji-proslavio-humsku |access-date=4 May 2026 |publisher=novosti.rs |language=sr}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2022]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7g4la4oek6tn1g05hh9gh51cowkff5t 0 153383 843221 2026-05-30T07:20:58Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | name = Rivers State Football Association | abbreviation = Rivers FA | type = Hukumar kula da ƙwallon ƙafa | headquarters = Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Najeriya | region_served = Rivers State | membership = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | leader_title = Shugaba | leader_name = Christopher Green }} '''Rivers State Football Association''' (wanda ake kira '''Rivers FA''') ita ce hukuma mai kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a Jihar Rivers da ke kudanci... 843221 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = Rivers State Football Association | abbreviation = Rivers FA | type = Hukumar kula da ƙwallon ƙafa | headquarters = Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Najeriya | region_served = Rivers State | membership = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | leader_title = Shugaba | leader_name = Christopher Green }} '''Rivers State Football Association''' (wanda ake kira '''Rivers FA''') ita ce hukuma mai kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a Jihar Rivers da ke kudancin Najeriya. Ƙungiyar tana ƙarƙashin kulawar [[Nigeria Football Federation]] (NFF), kuma tana da alhakin shirya gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta jiha, bunƙasa matasa masu tasowa, kula da ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da kuma gudanar da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a faɗin jihar Rivers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Green re-elected Rivers FA Chairman |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/football/green-re-elected-rivers-fa-chairman/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=19 February 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == Rivers State Football Association tana daga cikin ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na jihohi da ke aiki a ƙarƙashin tsarin Nigeria Football Federation. A tsawon shekaru, ƙungiyar ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Rivers, wadda ta samar da manyan ƙungiyoyi kamar Rivers United, Sharks FC da Dolphins FC. Haka kuma tana shirya gasa daban-daban domin gano sabbin hazaka da kuma ba matasa damar shiga manyan matakan ƙwallon ƙafa.<ref>{{cite news |title=Green re-elected Rivers FA Chairman |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/football/green-re-elected-rivers-fa-chairman/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=19 February 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Jagoranci == Lauya '''Christopher Green''' ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun shugabannin Rivers FA. A shekarar 2015 an sake zaɓensa a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar bayan ya samu rinjayen ƙuri'u a zaɓen da aka gudanar a Port Harcourt. Bayan nasarar tasa, ya bayyana cewa zai ci gaba da bunƙasa harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa da kuma shirya gasannin gano hazaka a jihar Rivers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Green re-elected Rivers FA Chairman |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/football/green-re-elected-rivers-fa-chairman/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=19 February 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Green, others retain FA chairmanship seats |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/green-others-retain-fa-chairmanship-seats/ |work=The Eagle Online |date=19 February 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2023, Christopher Green ya sake lashe zaɓen shugabancin Rivers State Football Association ba tare da hamayya ba. Manyan ƙungiyoyin jihar ciki har da Rivers United da Rivers Angels sun taya shi murnar sake samun wa'adin shugabanci, tare da bayyana cewa hakan zai taimaka wajen ci gaba da ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rivers United Congratulates Chris Green Over Re-Election As Rivers FA Chairman |url=https://www.sports247.ng/rivers-united-congratulates-chris-green-over-re-election-as-rivers-fa-chairman/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=22 June 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Rivers Angels Felicitate Green, Akubo On State FA Re-Election |url=https://independent.ng/rivers-angels-felicitate-green-akubo-on-state-fa-re-election/ |work=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |date=24 June 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Rivers FA tana shirya gasa daban-daban na cikin gida, ciki har da gasar '''Governor's Cup''' da kuma wasu gasa na birnin Port Harcourt. Waɗannan gasanni suna taimakawa wajen gano matasa masu baiwa tare da ba su damar shiga ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru da na ƙasa.<ref>{{cite news |title=Green re-elected Rivers FA Chairman |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/football/green-re-elected-rivers-fa-chairman/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=19 February 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Har ila yau, ƙungiyar tana kula da shirya gasar '''Federation Cup''' ta matakin jiha kafin a fitar da wakilan Rivers State zuwa matakin ƙasa. A wasu lokuta, ƙalubalen kuɗi sun shafi gudanar da wasu daga cikin waɗannan gasanni, kamar yadda aka gani a shekarar 2013 lokacin da aka soke wasan ƙarshe na gasar FA Cup ta jihar saboda matsalolin kuɗi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rivers, cash strapped, cancels FA Cup final |url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2013/05/04/rivers-cash-strapped-cancels-fa-cup-final/ |work=PM News Nigeria |date=4 May 2013 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Muhimman mutane == Baya ga Christopher Green, wasu jami'an Rivers FA sun haɗa da marigayi '''Chief Omineokuma-Kile''', wanda ya kasance mataimakin shugaban ƙungiyar kafin rasuwarsa a shekarar 2020. Hukumar NFF ta bayyana shi a matsayin mutum mai mutunci wanda ya yi aiki da ƙwarewa wajen ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Rivers da Najeriya baki ɗaya.<ref>{{cite news |title=NFF mourns deaths of Rivers FA vice chairman, Remo Stars player |url=https://businessday.ng/sports/article/nff-mourns-deaths-of-rivers-fa-vice-chairman-remo-stars-player/ |work=BusinessDay Nigeria |date=23 February 2020 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Dangantaka da ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa == Rivers State Football Association tana aiki tare da manyan ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na jihar kamar Rivers United FC da Rivers Angels FC. Haka kuma tana taka rawa wajen kula da tsarin gasannin cikin gida da kuma ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa na maza da mata a jihar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rivers United Congratulates Chris Green Over Re-Election As Rivers FA Chairman |url=https://www.sports247.ng/rivers-united-congratulates-chris-green-over-re-election-as-rivers-fa-chairman/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=22 June 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Rivers Angels Felicitate Green, Akubo On State FA Re-Election |url=https://independent.ng/rivers-angels-felicitate-green-akubo-on-state-fa-re-election/ |work=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |date=24 June 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Football in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sports organizations of Nigeria]] [[Category:Rivers State]] [[Category:Association football governing bodies in Nigeria]] 6p9y5uu1ccxjhls4hl25nr70986fl4h 0 153384 843222 2026-05-30T07:22:52Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | name = Imo State Football Association | abbreviation = Imo FA | formation = | headquarters = Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria | region_served = Imo State | membership = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | leader_title = Chairman | leader_name = Barr. Ifeanyi Dike | website = }} '''Imo State Football Association''' ('''Imo FA''') ita ce hukuma mai kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a Jihar Imo da ke kudancin Najeriya. Ƙungiyar tana da alhakin sh... 843222 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = Imo State Football Association | abbreviation = Imo FA | formation = | headquarters = Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria | region_served = Imo State | membership = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | leader_title = Chairman | leader_name = Barr. Ifeanyi Dike | website = }} '''Imo State Football Association''' ('''Imo FA''') ita ce hukuma mai kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a Jihar Imo da ke kudancin Najeriya. Ƙungiyar tana da alhakin shirya gasa, bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa daga matakin matasa zuwa manya, da kuma gudanar da harkokin ƙungiyoyin ƙwallo da ke ƙarƙashin ikon ta a jihar. Haka kuma tana aiki tare da [[Nigeria Football Federation]] (NFF) wajen aiwatar da manufofin ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a Imo State.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Imo FA Records High Number Of Teams For 2024/25 Federation’s Cup Registration |url=https://newspathfinder.com/2024/12/08/imo-fa-records-high-number-of-teams-for-2024-25-federations-cup-registration/ |work=News Pathfinder |date=8 December 2024}}</ref> An san Imo State a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin cibiyoyin da suka taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya, musamman ta hanyar ƙungiyoyin da suka yi fice kamar Heartland FC da kuma tsohuwar Iwuanyanwu Nationale. Imo FA ta kasance tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kula da gasar Federation Cup ta jihar da kuma gano sabbin hazikan 'yan wasa daga matakin ƙananan hukumomi zuwa na ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite news |title=We are starved of funds — Uchegbulam |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/04/starved-funds-uchegbulam/ |work=Vanguard News |date=15 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Imo FA appoints Ifeanyi Ekwueme as Aboh Mbaise sports administrator |url=https://silvernews.com.ng/2021/10/24/imo-fa-appoints-ifeanyi-ekwueme-as-aboh-mbaise-sports-administrator-appoints-kennedy-onwunali-as-assistant/ |work=Silver News |date=24 October 2021}}</ref> == Tarihi == A tsawon shekaru da dama, Imo FA ta kasance ƙarƙashin jagorancin Mazi Amanze Uchegbulam, tsohon mataimakin shugaban farko na Nigeria Football Federation. A lokacin mulkinsa, ƙungiyar ta gudanar da shirye-shiryen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa tare da ƙarfafa gudanar da gasa a faɗin jihar. Uchegbulam ya jagoranci ƙungiyar na kusan shekaru 18 kafin ya sanar da yin ritaya daga harkokin shugabancin ƙwallon ƙafa.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Dike emerges new Imo FA chairman |url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/09/16/dike-emerges-new-imo-fa-chairman/ |work=Daily Post Nigeria |date=16 September 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Dike Elected Imo FA Chairman, Uchegbulam Announce Retirement |url=https://www.sports247.ng/dike-elected-imo-fa-chairman-uchegbulam-announce-retirement/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=17 September 2023}}</ref> A shekarar 2022, Imo FA ta kafa kwamitocin zaɓe da sauraron ƙorafe-ƙorafe domin gudanar da zaɓen shugabanci cikin gaskiya da adalci. An naɗa Farfesa Ken Anugweje a matsayin shugaban kwamitin zaɓen yayin da aka kafa wani kwamitin sauraron ƙorafe-ƙorafe domin tabbatar da sahihancin tsarin zaɓen.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Imo FA constitutes committees to conduct election |url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/05/23/imo-fa-constitutes-committees-to-conduct-election/ |work=Daily Post Nigeria |date=23 May 2022}}</ref> == Zaɓen 2023 == A ranar 16 ga Satumba 2023, Barrista Ifeanyi Dike ya zama shugaban na tara na Imo State Football Association bayan zaɓen da aka gudanar a Owerri. Zaɓen ya kuma samar da sabbin mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa ciki har da Sylvester Obasi a matsayin mataimakin shugaban ƙungiyar da sauran mambobi daga sassa daban-daban na jihar. Dike ya bayyana cewa manufarsa ita ce ci gaba da ayyukan ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa da magabatansa suka fara tare da ɗaga martabar ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar zuwa wani sabon matsayi.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Dike Elected As Chairman Of Imo Football Association |url=https://www.herald.ng/dike-elected-as-chairman-of-imo-football-association/ |work=The Herald Nigeria |date=17 September 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Dike Named As New Imo FA Chairman |url=https://theeasternupdates.com/2023/09/17/dike-named-as-new-imo-fa-chairman/ |work=The Eastern Updates |date=17 September 2023}}</ref> == Ayyuka da Gudanarwa == Imo FA tana kula da shirya gasar Federation Cup ta jihar da kuma rajistar ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa masu son shiga gasar ƙasa. A shekarar 2024/2025, ƙungiyar ta sanar da samun mafi yawan rajistar ƙungiyoyi a tarihin gasar jihar, inda ƙungiyoyi 22 suka yi rajista domin fafatawa a gasar Federation Cup. Hakan ya nuna yadda harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa ke ci gaba da bunƙasa a jihar ƙarƙashin sabon shugabanci.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Imo FA Records High Number Of Teams For 2024/25 Federation’s Cup Registration |url=https://newspathfinder.com/2024/12/08/imo-fa-records-high-number-of-teams-for-2024-25-federations-cup-registration/ |work=News Pathfinder |date=8 December 2024}}</ref> Ƙungiyar tana kuma naɗa jami'an gudanarwa a ƙananan hukumomi domin gano sabbin 'yan wasa da kuma haɓaka ƙwallon ƙafa daga tushe. Daya daga cikin irin waɗannan matakai shi ne naɗin tsohon ɗan wasan Najeriya, Ifeanyi Ekwueme, a matsayin mai kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙaramar hukumar Aboh Mbaise a shekarar 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Imo FA appoints Ifeanyi Ekwueme as Aboh Mbaise sports administrator |url=https://silvernews.com.ng/2021/10/24/imo-fa-appoints-ifeanyi-ekwueme-as-aboh-mbaise-sports-administrator-appoints-kennedy-onwunali-as-assistant/ |work=Silver News |date=24 October 2021}}</ref> == Gudummawa ga Ƙwallon Ƙafa == Imo State Football Association ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar, ciki har da Heartland FC da sauran ƙungiyoyi masu fafatawa a matakai daban-daban na gasar Najeriya. Haka kuma ƙungiyar tana haɗa kai da masu ruwa da tsaki domin ƙarfafa ci gaban wasanni da gano sababbin hazikan 'yan wasa da za su wakilci jihar da ƙasa baki ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Imo @ 50: SWAN hails golden era of sporting excellence, resilience and leadership |url=https://www.otowngist.com/2026/02/imo-50-swan-hails-golden-era-of-sporting-excellence-resilience-and-leadership/ |work=OtownGist Media |date=5 February 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Imo FA mourns demise of Chief Emmanuel Iwuanyanwu |url=https://www.imonews.ng/2024/08/imo-fa-mourns-demise-of-chief-emmanuel.html |work=Imo News |date=2024}}</ref> == Shugabanni == * Mazi Amanze Uchegbulam (kimanin 2005–2023) * Barr. Ifeanyi Dike (2023–zuwa yanzu)<ref>{{Cite news |title=Dike emerges new Imo FA chairman |url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/09/16/dike-emerges-new-imo-fa-chairman/ |work=Daily Post Nigeria |date=16 September 2023}}</ref> [[Category:Football governing bodies in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sport in Imo State]] [[Category:Football in Nigeria]] [[Category:Organizations based in Imo State]] pwis1mbwkb8ptzxj9l0sfs89ggu47st 0 153385 843223 2026-05-30T07:23:39Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1309807421|Mark Wotte]]" 843223 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mark Christian Wotte''' (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Disamba, 1960) manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. Wotte ya jagoranci ƙungiyoyi a Netherlands, Masar, Qatar, Ingila da Romania, kuma ya yi aiki a Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Scotland . == Sana'ar wasa == Wotte ya buga wa Sportclub Enschede da FC Twente Academy, Netherlands U.17's, da 1st Team Football for Feyenoord, FC Vlaardingen, FC Den Haag da SVV a ƙasarsa ta Netherlands. <ref name="sfc profile" /> Raunin ya ƙare aikinsa a 1986. == Aikin koyarwa da gudanarwa == A shekarar 1996, an nada Wotte a matsayin manajan ADO Den Haag, inda ya zauna na tsawon shekaru biyu, kafin ya sanya hannu a Utrecht (1997–2000). Daga baya ya yi aiki a Den Bosch, Willem II, Royal Dutch Football Association, Feyenoord (darektan fasaha), da [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] a Masar. Ya bar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] a ranar 16 ga Disamba 2006 saboda dalilan iyali, don komawa Netherlands don horar da RKC Waalwijk kafin ya koma [[Qatar]] don horar da Al Ahli . === Southampton === Tun da farko an danganta shi da Southampton a shekarar 2005, Wotte ya shiga ƙungiyar a matsayin wani ɓangare na sabuwar ƙungiyar gudanarwa a shekarar 2008, tare da alhakin musamman na haɓaka ƙungiyar matasa ta Southampton. An naɗa shi manaja a ranar 23 ga Janairu 2009, inda ya maye gurbin Jan Poortvliet . Southampton ta yi kunnen doki 2-2 da Norwich City a wasansa na farko da ya jagoranci. Rashin nasarar da suka samu a kan Sheffield United da Bristol City ya sa Saints cikin matsalar faduwa daga gasar. Nasarorin da suka samu a kan Preston North End, Cardiff City da Ipswich Town sun bai wa Southampton kwarin gwiwa, amma kungiyar ta shiga harkokin gudanarwa, saboda matsalolin kudi. Ba tare da sun iya jagorantar su zuwa ga aminci ba, Southampton ta koma League One, inda za ta fara da rage maki 10 a farkon kakar wasa mai zuwa. Wotte ya bar kungiyar bayan Markus Liebherr ya karbe ta a lokacin bazara na 2009. === Jami'ar Craiova === Wotte ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da rabi tare da ƙungiyar Ligue I ta Romania Universitatea Craiova a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2010. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar a cikin kyakkyawan lokaci, wanda ya ƙunshi nasarorin da suka samu a kan Rapid București, Vaslui, Poli Iași, Brașov da Astra Ploiești. Duk da haka, bayan shan kashi a wasanni biyu a gida, an dakatar da shi a ranar 10 ga Mayu 2010 na tsawon kwanaki 30, duk da cewa ya ceci ƙungiyar daga faɗuwa, inda ta fi ta sauran maki huɗu a saman yankin faɗuwa. Bayan dakatarwar, Wotte ya shiga rikici da mai Craiova kuma ya bar ƙungiyar. A shekarar 2015, CAS ta FIFA ta yanke shawarar cewa korar ta rashin adalci ne. === Ismaily === Wotte ya koma kulob din Ismaily na Masar a watan Yunin 2010. Ya horar da wasansa na farko a gasar a ranar 18 ga Yuli, a wasan da suka yi da kungiyar JS Kabylie ta Aljeriya a gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka ta CAF ta 2010. Bayan hayaniyar jama'a a Masar a farkon 2011, Wotte ya ci gaba da zama kocin kungiyar har zuwa watan Afrilu kafin ya koma Netherlands. === Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Scotland === An nada Wotte a matsayin Daraktan Aiki na farko kuma Daraktan Fasaha na Ƙungiyoyin Ƙasa na Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Scotland (SFA) a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2011. Wotte ya bar SFA a watan Oktoba 2014, bayan ya aiwatar da mafi yawan shawarwarin da aka bayar a wani bita da Henry McLeish ya gudanar. === Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Morocco === A ranar 1 ga Disamba, 2015, Wotte ya shiga Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Royal Moroccan . Ya yi aiki a matsayin Kocin Ƙungiyoyin Matasa na Ƙasa na Hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa. Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru huɗu har zuwa 2020. Ya kasance mai kula da 'yan wasan da aka haifa tsakanin 1997-1998 da 1999 tare da ƙungiyoyin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 da kuma Ƙungiyar Olympics 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Morocco snap up Dutchman Wotte |url=http://www.supersport.com/football/North-Africa/news/151126/Morocco_snap_up_Dutchman_Wotte |access-date=1 August 2017 |website=Supersport.com}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2017, ya lashe gasar kwallon kafa ta farko tun 2001 a gasar Faransa ta 2017 da aka yi a [[Abidjan]] ta hanyar doke kasarsa CIV a wasan karshe tare da kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Morocco. <ref name="francophone">{{Cite web |date=30 July 2017 |title=Cote d'Ivoire – Maroc |url=http://www.microplustiming.com/RPDS-JDF17/_Doc/FBM400101_73%201.0.pdf?rnd=597fbc7fbd475 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801044603/http://www.microplustiming.com/RPDS-JDF17/_Doc/FBM400101_73%201.0.pdf?rnd=597fbc7fbd475 |archive-date=1 August 2017 |access-date=31 July 2017 |publisher=Microplustiming.com}}</ref> A shekarar 2018 ya kuma lashe lambobin zinare tare da 'yan kasa da shekaru 15/16 na Morocco a Algeria da Tunisia. === Al Wahda === A watan Yulin 2020, Wotte ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da ƙungiyar Al Wahda ta [[Abu Dhabi (birni)|Abu Dhabi]], <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ex-SFA performance director Mark Wotte lands manager's job in UAE with Al Wahda |url=https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/sport/18594476.ex-sfa-performance-director-mark-wotte-lands-managers-job-uae-al-wahda/ |access-date=20 July 2020 |publisher=GlasgowTimes}}</ref> duk da haka saboda dage gasar Pro-League da UAEFA ta yi, kuma bayan wani wasa na horo, an kore shi a watan Satumba na wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Trainer Mark Wotte na één oefenduel al afgeserveerd |url=https://www.telegraaf.nl/sport/971409771/trainer-mark-wotte-na-een-oefenduel-al-afgeserveerd |access-date=10 September 2020 |website=De Telegraaf}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1960]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] pbu3btod7hudgmq3uusnzcjiqxcdxrc 843224 843223 2026-05-30T07:24:10Z Engineer014 44591 843224 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mark Christian Wotte''' (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga Disamba, 1960) manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Holland kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. Wotte ya jagoranci ƙungiyoyi a Netherlands, Masar, Qatar, Ingila da Romania, kuma ya yi aiki a Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Scotland . == Sana'ar wasa == Wotte ya buga wa Sportclub Enschede da FC Twente Academy, Netherlands U.17's, da 1st Team Football for Feyenoord, FC Vlaardingen, FC Den Haag da SVV a ƙasarsa ta Netherlands. <ref name="sfc profile" /> Raunin ya ƙare aikinsa a 1986. == Aikin koyarwa da gudanarwa == A shekarar 1996, an nada Wotte a matsayin manajan ADO Den Haag, inda ya zauna na tsawon shekaru biyu, kafin ya sanya hannu a Utrecht (1997–2000). Daga baya ya yi aiki a Den Bosch, Willem II, Royal Dutch Football Association, Feyenoord (darektan fasaha), da [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] a Masar. Ya bar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] a ranar 16 ga Disamba 2006 saboda dalilan iyali, don komawa Netherlands don horar da RKC Waalwijk kafin ya koma [[Qatar]] don horar da Al Ahli . === Southampton === Tun da farko an danganta shi da Southampton a shekarar 2005, Wotte ya shiga ƙungiyar a matsayin wani ɓangare na sabuwar ƙungiyar gudanarwa a shekarar 2008, tare da alhakin musamman na haɓaka ƙungiyar matasa ta Southampton. An naɗa shi manaja a ranar 23 ga Janairu 2009, inda ya maye gurbin Jan Poortvliet . Southampton ta yi kunnen doki 2-2 da Norwich City a wasansa na farko da ya jagoranci. Rashin nasarar da suka samu a kan Sheffield United da Bristol City ya sa Saints cikin matsalar faduwa daga gasar. Nasarorin da suka samu a kan Preston North End, Cardiff City da Ipswich Town sun bai wa Southampton kwarin gwiwa, amma kungiyar ta shiga harkokin gudanarwa, saboda matsalolin kudi. Ba tare da sun iya jagorantar su zuwa ga aminci ba, Southampton ta koma League One, inda za ta fara da rage maki 10 a farkon kakar wasa mai zuwa. Wotte ya bar kungiyar bayan Markus Liebherr ya karbe ta a lokacin bazara na 2009. === Jami'ar Craiova === Wotte ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da rabi tare da ƙungiyar Ligue I ta Romania Universitatea Craiova a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2010. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar a cikin kyakkyawan lokaci, wanda ya ƙunshi nasarorin da suka samu a kan Rapid București, Vaslui, Poli Iași, Brașov da Astra Ploiești. Duk da haka, bayan shan kashi a wasanni biyu a gida, an dakatar da shi a ranar 10 ga Mayu 2010 na tsawon kwanaki 30, duk da cewa ya ceci ƙungiyar daga faɗuwa, inda ta fi ta sauran maki huɗu a saman yankin faɗuwa. Bayan dakatarwar, Wotte ya shiga rikici da mai Craiova kuma ya bar ƙungiyar. A shekarar 2015, CAS ta FIFA ta yanke shawarar cewa korar ta rashin adalci ne. === Ismaily === Wotte ya koma kulob din Ismaily na Masar a watan Yunin 2010. Ya horar da wasansa na farko a gasar a ranar 18 ga Yuli, a wasan da suka yi da kungiyar JS Kabylie ta Aljeriya a gasar cin kofin zakarun Afirka ta CAF ta 2010. Bayan hayaniyar jama'a a Masar a farkon 2011, Wotte ya ci gaba da zama kocin kungiyar har zuwa watan Afrilu kafin ya koma Netherlands. === Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Scotland === An nada Wotte a matsayin Daraktan Aiki na farko kuma Daraktan Fasaha na Ƙungiyoyin Ƙasa na Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Scotland (SFA) a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2011. Wotte ya bar SFA a watan Oktoba 2014, bayan ya aiwatar da mafi yawan shawarwarin da aka bayar a wani bita da Henry McLeish ya gudanar. === Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Morocco === A ranar 1 ga Disamba, 2015, Wotte ya shiga Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Royal Moroccan . Ya yi aiki a matsayin Kocin Ƙungiyoyin Matasa na Ƙasa na Hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa. Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru huɗu har zuwa 2020. Ya kasance mai kula da 'yan wasan da aka haifa tsakanin 1997-1998 da 1999 tare da ƙungiyoyin 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 da kuma Ƙungiyar Olympics 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Morocco snap up Dutchman Wotte |url=http://www.supersport.com/football/North-Africa/news/151126/Morocco_snap_up_Dutchman_Wotte |access-date=1 August 2017 |website=Supersport.com}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2017, ya lashe gasar kwallon kafa ta farko tun 2001 a gasar Faransa ta 2017 da aka yi a [[Abidjan]] ta hanyar doke kasarsa CIV a wasan karshe tare da kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Morocco. <ref name="francophone">{{Cite web |date=30 July 2017 |title=Cote d'Ivoire – Maroc |url=http://www.microplustiming.com/RPDS-JDF17/_Doc/FBM400101_73%201.0.pdf?rnd=597fbc7fbd475 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801044603/http://www.microplustiming.com/RPDS-JDF17/_Doc/FBM400101_73%201.0.pdf?rnd=597fbc7fbd475 |archive-date=1 August 2017 |access-date=31 July 2017 |publisher=Microplustiming.com}}</ref> A shekarar 2018 ya kuma lashe lambobin zinare tare da 'yan kasa da shekaru 15/16 na Morocco a Algeria da Tunisia. === Al Wahda === A watan Yulin 2020, Wotte ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da ƙungiyar Al Wahda ta [[Abu Dhabi (birni)|Abu Dhabi]], <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ex-SFA performance director Mark Wotte lands manager's job in UAE with Al Wahda |url=https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/sport/18594476.ex-sfa-performance-director-mark-wotte-lands-managers-job-uae-al-wahda/ |access-date=20 July 2020 |publisher=GlasgowTimes}}</ref> duk da haka saboda dage gasar Pro-League da UAEFA ta yi, kuma bayan wani wasa na horo, an kore shi a watan Satumba na wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Trainer Mark Wotte na één oefenduel al afgeserveerd |url=https://www.telegraaf.nl/sport/971409771/trainer-mark-wotte-na-een-oefenduel-al-afgeserveerd |access-date=10 September 2020 |website=De Telegraaf}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1960]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kn9uqyxnh3xrl2b974thwrybcxmtwyi 0 153386 843225 2026-05-30T07:24:38Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox football organization | name = Ogun State Football Association | abbreviation = Ogun FA | founded = | headquarters = Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria | region = Ogun State | parent_organization = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | chairman = Ganiyu Majekodunmi | website = }} '''Ogun State Football Association''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Ogun FA''') ita ce hukumar da ke kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Ogun da ke kudancin Najeriya. Hukuma... 843225 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football organization | name = Ogun State Football Association | abbreviation = Ogun FA | founded = | headquarters = Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria | region = Ogun State | parent_organization = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | chairman = Ganiyu Majekodunmi | website = }} '''Ogun State Football Association''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Ogun FA''') ita ce hukumar da ke kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Ogun da ke kudancin Najeriya. Hukumar tana da alhakin tsara gasar ƙwallon ƙafa, bunƙasa matasan 'yan wasa, gudanar da harkokin ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na jihar, da kuma wakiltar jihar Ogun a ƙarƙashin tsarin '''Nigeria Football Federation (NFF)'''. Hukumar tana aiki tare da ƙananan hukumomi, makarantu da ƙungiyoyin wasanni domin haɓaka wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar. <ref>{{Cite news|title=OGUN FA TASKS NEWLY INAUGURATED FOOTBALL COUNCILS|url=https://www.sportsvillagesquare.com/2019/01/16/ogun-fa-tasks-newly-inaugurated-football-councils/|publisher=Sports Village Square|date=16 January 2019}}</ref> == Tarihi == An gudanar da muhimman zaɓuɓɓuka da sauye-sauye a cikin shugabancin Ogun State Football Association a shekarar 2011 lokacin da aka zaɓi Ganiyu Majekodunmi a matsayin shugaban hukumar. Zaɓen ya gudana a cibiyar wasanni ta Alake Sports Centre da ke Abeokuta, inda ya kayar da wasu masu neman kujerar shugaban ƙungiyar. Wannan ya zama wani sabon babi a tarihin gudanar da ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Ogun. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ogun Football Association inaugurates new leadership|url=https://nigeriang.com/sports/ogun-football-association-inaugurates-new-leadership/7172/|publisher=Nigeria Content Online|date=26 January 2011}}</ref> Tun bayan hawansa mulki, Majekodunmi ya ci gaba da jagorantar hukumar tare da gudanar da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban na shugabanci. A shekarar 2019, hukumar ta shirya sabon zaɓen shugabanni domin ci gaba da tafiyar da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar bisa umarnin NFF. <ref>{{Cite news|title=OGUN STATE FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION TO ELECT NEW EXECUTIVES ON FEBRUARY 6, 2019|url=https://www.sportsvillagesquare.com/2019/01/16/ogun-state-football-association-to-elect-new-executives-on-february-6-2019/|publisher=Sports Village Square|date=16 January 2019}}</ref> A watan Yunin shekarar 2023, an sake zaɓen Ganiyu Majekodunmi a matsayin shugaban Ogun FA karo na huɗu a jere bayan ya samu cikakken goyon bayan wakilan zaɓe da mambobin hukumar. An gudanar da zaɓen ne a Agroterra Golf Resort da ke Yewa North a jihar Ogun. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Just-In: Ganiyu Majekodunmi Returns As Ogun FA Chairman|url=https://www.sports247.ng/just-in-ganiyu-majekodunmi-returns-as-ogun-fa-chairman/|publisher=Sports247 Nigeria|date=1 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Majekodunmi returns as Ogun FA chairman|url=https://blueprint.ng/majekodunmi-returns-as-ogun-fa-chairman/|publisher=Blueprint Newspapers|date=2 June 2023}}</ref> == Ayyuka da manufofi == Ogun FA na da alhakin kula da gasannin ƙwallon ƙafa a faɗin jihar Ogun tare da haɗa kai da ƙananan hukumomi wajen bunƙasa harkokin wasan. Hukumar tana kafa da kula da majalisun ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙananan hukumomi domin tabbatar da cewa an samu ci gaba daga matakin tushe zuwa matakin ƙwararru. <ref>{{Cite news|title=OGUN FA TASKS NEWLY INAUGURATED FOOTBALL COUNCILS|url=https://www.sportsvillagesquare.com/2019/01/16/ogun-fa-tasks-newly-inaugurated-football-councils/|publisher=Sports Village Square|date=16 January 2019}}</ref> A shekarar 2024, hukumar ta ƙaddamar da kwamitin matasan ƙwallon ƙafa mai mambobi 17 domin ƙarfafa ci gaban matasan 'yan wasa da kuma tsara kalandar wasannin matasa a faɗin jihar. Wannan mataki ya kasance wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa daga tushe. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ogun State FA Inaugurates Youth Football Committee|url=https://www.oguncitynews.com.ng/2024/07/ogun-state-fa-inaugurates-youth.html|publisher=Ogun City News|date=20 July 2024}}</ref> == Gudummawa ga ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa == Hukumar ta taka rawa wajen tallafa wa ƙungiyoyi da makarantu masu haɓaka matasa a jihar. A shekarar 2024, shugaban hukumar ya yaba wa ƙungiyar Beyond Limits Football Academy bayan samun nasarar hawa gasar Nigeria Premier Football League (NPFL), yana mai bayyana cewa wannan nasara alama ce ta ci gaban wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Ogun. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Ogun FA Chairman Congratulates Beyond Limits FA on NPFL Promotion|url=https://www.oguncitynews.com.ng/2024/06/ogun-fa-chairman-congratulates-beyond.html|publisher=Ogun City News|date=12 June 2024}}</ref> == Tsofaffin jami'ai == Daya daga cikin fitattun tsofaffin jami'an hukumar shi ne Leo Oyenekan, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin sakataren Ogun State Football Association na tsawon shekaru sama da goma sha biyar kafin rasuwarsa a shekarar 2016. An bayyana shi a matsayin ma'aikaci mai ƙwazo kuma jajirtacce wajen hidimar ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Former Ogun State Football Association Secretary Dies at 57|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/06/former-ogun-state-football-association-secretary-dies-at-57/|publisher=BellaNaija|date=14 June 2016}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] * [[Ogun State]] * [[Football in Nigeria]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Football in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sports organizations in Nigeria]] [[Category:Ogun State]] [[Category:Football governing bodies in Nigeria]] b0os76qsr1jn1njrxjbpl5sq5wrnmwm 0 153387 843227 2026-05-30T07:26:42Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | name = Bayelsa State Football Association | abbreviation = Bayelsa FA | founded = | headquarters = Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Najeriya | affiliation = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | president = Poubeni Ogun | website = }} '''Bayelsa State Football Association''' ('''Bayelsa FA''') ita ce hukumar da ke kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Bayelsa da ke kudancin Najeriya. Hukumar tana aiki ƙarƙashin kulawar Nigeria Football Fe... 843227 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = Bayelsa State Football Association | abbreviation = Bayelsa FA | founded = | headquarters = Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Najeriya | affiliation = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | president = Poubeni Ogun | website = }} '''Bayelsa State Football Association''' ('''Bayelsa FA''') ita ce hukumar da ke kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Bayelsa da ke kudancin Najeriya. Hukumar tana aiki ƙarƙashin kulawar [[Nigeria Football Federation]] (NFF), kuma tana da alhakin tsara gasa, bunƙasa matasa masu baiwar ƙwallon ƙafa, horas da masu horaswa, da kuma kula da harkokin gudanarwar ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Bayelsa.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Grassroots Football Development: Bayelsa Becomes First State To Facilitate NFF D-License For Coaches |url=https://ait.live/grassroots-football-development-bayelsa-becomes-first-state-to-facilitate-nff-d-license-for-coaches/ |work=AIT Live |date=21 March 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=2026 Prosperity Cup: NFF Technical Director Eguavoen Confident of Bayelsa Grassroots Coaches |url=https://www.africasport.net/article/football/nff-technical-director-eguavoen-confident-of-bayelsa-grassroots-coaches |work=Africa Sport Network |date=13 March 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == Bayelsa State Football Association tana daga cikin hukumomin ƙwallon ƙafa na jihohin Najeriya da ke aiki tare da NFF wajen gudanar da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin jiha. A cikin shekarun baya-bayan nan, hukumar ta mayar da hankali sosai wajen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa daga tushe (grassroots football), tare da shirya gasanni daban-daban da kuma tallafawa shirye-shiryen horar da masu horaswa da matasa. Wannan ya taimaka wajen gano sabbin 'yan wasa da kuma ƙarfafa tsarin ƙwallon ƙafa a jihar Bayelsa.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Stakeholders Applaud Bayelsa's Prosperity Cup For Driving Grassroots Football Development |url=https://www.sports247.ng/stakeholders-applaud-bayelsas-prosperity-cup-for-driving-grassroots-football-development/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=23 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=BAYELSA GOVERNOR'S CUP: Akpe Gives Thumbs Up To Organizers, Quality Of Grassroots Football |url=https://nigerdeltaheraldngr.com/bayelsa-governors-cup-akpe-gives-thumbs-up-to-organizers-quality-of-grassroots-football/ |work=Niger Delta Herald |date=8 May 2026}}</ref> == Gudanarwa == Ana gudanar da Bayelsa FA ne ta hanyar zaɓaɓɓun shugabanni da mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa. A watan Yunin 2023, an sake zaɓen lauya '''Poubeni Ogun''' a matsayin shugaban hukumar karo na uku bayan ya samu rinjaye a zaɓen da aka gudanar ƙarƙashin dokokin NFF. Nasarar tasa ta tabbatar da ci gaba da shugabancinsa bayan ya shafe shekaru shida yana jagorantar hukumar.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Bar Ogun Re-Elected As Bayelsa FA Chairman |url=https://www.sports247.ng/bar-ogun-re-elected-as-bayelsa-fa-chairman/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=10 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Barr. Poubeni Re-Elected As Bayelsa FA Chairman |url=https://newswakanow.com.ng/barr-poubeni-re-elected-as-bayelsa-fa-chairman/ |work=NewsWakaNow |date=10 June 2023}}</ref> Bayan sake zaɓensa, Poubeni Ogun ya bayyana cewa hukumar za ta ƙaddamar da sababbin gasanni, ciki har da gasar 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18, domin ƙara samar da damar ci gaban matasa da kuma mayar da ƙwallon ƙafa wata hanya ta kasuwanci da samar da ayyukan yi ga matasan jihar Bayelsa.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Bar Ogun Re-Elected As Bayelsa FA Chairman |url=https://www.sports247.ng/bar-ogun-re-elected-as-bayelsa-fa-chairman/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=10 June 2023}}</ref> == Bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa daga tushe == Bayelsa FA ta yi suna wajen tallafawa shirye-shiryen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa daga matakin ƙasa. A shekarar 2025, hukumar ta ɗauki nauyin wasu masu horaswa huɗu zuwa National Institute of Sports (NIS) da ke Lagos domin samun ƙarin horo da takardun shaidar koyar da ƙwallon ƙafa. Hukumar ta bayyana cewa wannan mataki wani ɓangare ne na ƙoƙarinta na tabbatar da cewa masu horaswa a jihar suna samun ilimi da dabarun zamani da za su taimaka wajen haɓaka ƙungiyoyinsu.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Bayelsa State Football Association Sponsors Four Coaches to NIS |url=https://www.africasport.net/article/football/bayelsa-state-football-association-sponsors-four-coaches-to-nis |work=Africa Sport Network |date=22 January 2025}}</ref> A shekarar 2026 kuma, Bayelsa ta zama jiha ta farko a Najeriya da ta tallafa wa shirye-shiryen samun lasisin '''NFF D-License''' ga masu horaswa na matakin ƙasa. An gudanar da horon ne tare da haɗin gwiwar NFF da gwamnatin jihar Bayelsa, inda masu horaswa daga ƙananan hukumomin jihar suka amfana da shirin.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Grassroots Football Development: Bayelsa Becomes First State To Facilitate NFF D-License For Coaches |url=https://ait.live/grassroots-football-development-bayelsa-becomes-first-state-to-facilitate-nff-d-license-for-coaches/ |work=AIT Live |date=21 March 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=2026 Prosperity Cup: NFF Technical Director Eguavoen Confident of Bayelsa Grassroots Coaches |url=https://www.africasport.net/article/football/nff-technical-director-eguavoen-confident-of-bayelsa-grassroots-coaches |work=Africa Sport Network |date=13 March 2026}}</ref> == Gasanni == Bayelsa State Football Association tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shirya da kuma tallafawa '''Bayelsa Governor's Football Tournament''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Prosperity Cup'''. Gasar tana daga cikin manyan gasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na matakin ƙasa a Najeriya, kuma tana haɗa ƙungiyoyi daga sassa daban-daban na jihar. Gasar ta taimaka wajen gano matasa masu baiwa tare da samar musu da damar shiga manyan ƙungiyoyi da kuma ƙungiyoyin ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Stakeholders Applaud Bayelsa's Prosperity Cup For Driving Grassroots Football Development |url=https://www.sports247.ng/stakeholders-applaud-bayelsas-prosperity-cup-for-driving-grassroots-football-development/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=23 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=BAYELSA GOVERNOR'S CUP: Akpe Gives Thumbs Up To Organizers, Quality Of Grassroots Football |url=https://nigerdeltaheraldngr.com/bayelsa-governors-cup-akpe-gives-thumbs-up-to-organizers-quality-of-grassroots-football/ |work=Niger Delta Herald |date=8 May 2026}}</ref> == Alaƙa da Nigeria Football Federation == Bayelsa FA tana daga cikin hukumomin jihohi da ke da wakilci a cikin tsarin gudanarwar NFF. Jihar Bayelsa ta kasance mai muhimmanci a harkokin gudanar da ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya, inda a shekarar 2026 ta karɓi bakuncin Babban Taron Musamman na NFF (Extraordinary General Assembly), wanda ya haɗa manyan jami'an ƙwallon ƙafa daga sassan Najeriya domin tattauna muhimman batutuwan gudanarwa da zaɓe.<ref>{{Cite news |title=NFF Extraordinary General Assembly Holds In Bayelsa State |url=https://von.gov.ng/nff-extraordinary-general-assembly-holds-in-bayelsa-state/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=23 March 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=NFF Kicks Off 2026 Electoral Process In Yenagoa |url=https://punchng.com/nff-kicks-off-2026-electoral-process/ |work=Punch Newspapers |date=23 March 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] * [[Bayelsa United F.C.]] * [[Bayelsa Queens F.C.]] * [[Prosperity Cup]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Football governing bodies in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sport in Bayelsa State]] [[Category:Football in Nigeria]] 27cox3s0umou9qc6kx92lz2yj4dvbb0 0 153388 843228 2026-05-30T07:27:16Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356388719|Dragan Jović]]" 843228 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dragan Jović''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Yuli 1963) ƙwararren manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Bosnia. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manajan ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasar Bosnia mafi nasara. <ref>{{Cite web |last=E.K. |date=1 December 2017 |title=Ko su najtrofejniji treneri iz BiH? |url=https://sportske.ba/ko-su-najtrofejniji-trener-iz-bih/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212221038/https://sportske.ba/ko-su-najtrofejniji-trener-iz-bih/ |archive-date=12 December 2022 |access-date=1 December 2017 |website=sportske.ba |language=bs}}</ref> == Aikin gudanarwa == === Farkon aikina === A farkon aikinsa, Jović ya jagoranci Travnik da Posušje . Ya maye gurbin Blaž Slišković a matsayin manajan Zrinjski Mostar a ƙarshen 2007, kuma ya jagoranci ƙungiyar ta lashe Kofin Bosnia a 2008 da kuma Gasar Premier ta Bosnia a 2009. Bayan barin Zrinjski, Jović ya zama sabon manajan Zvijezda Gradačac . Daga baya, ya kuma gudanar da Sarajevo da Borac Banja Luka . === Firayim Ministan Agusta === Jović ya ci gaba da jagorantar kulob din Girabola na Angola, Primeiro de Agosto, daga shekarar 2014 har zuwa lokacin da ya bar kulob din saboda dalilan lafiya a watan Disamba na 2017. A lokacin da yake aiki a kulob din, Jović ya lashe kofuna biyu na gasar Angola da kuma Super Cup daya. === Komawa zuwa Primeiro de Agosto === A watan Nuwamba na 2018, Jović ya sake komawa matsayin manajan Primeiro de Agosto. Ya sake samun nasara a kungiyar, inda ya lashe Kofin Angola na 2018-19 bayan ya doke Huíla a wasan karshe a ranar 25 ga Mayu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |last=S. Mlaćo |date=25 May 2019 |title=Jović i Selimović nastavili dominaciju: Novi trofej za bh. trenerski dvojac |url=https://sportsport.ba/fudbal/jovic-i-selimovic-nastavili-dominaciju-novi-trofej-za-bh-trenerski-dvojac/320300 |access-date=26 May 2019 |publisher=sportsport.ba |language=bs}}</ref> Jović ya kuma lashe gasar a kakar wasa ta 2018-19 da kuma Kofin Super Cup na Angola na 2019 . === Ismaily === Jović ya jagoranci ƙungiyar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] ta Masar a ɗan lokaci daga Janairu zuwa Maris 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2021 |title=OFFICIAL: Dragan Jovic resigns as Ismaily head coach |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2021/03/18/ismaily-accept-jovic-resignation/ |website=kingfut.com}}</ref> === Birnin Tuzla === A ranar 13 ga Mayu 2022, Tuzla City ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku da Jović don fara kakar wasa ta 2022-23, wanda hakan ya nuna komawarsa gasar Premier ta Bosnia bayan shekaru takwas. <ref>{{Cite web |last=M. Šljivak |date=13 May 2022 |title=Dragan Jović novi trener FK Tuzla City |url=https://sportsport.ba/fudbal/dragan-jovic-fk-tuzla-city/425426 |access-date=13 May 2022 |publisher=sportsport.ba |language=bs}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Yuli 2022, ya jagoranci wasansa na farko da Tuzla City a wasan da suka yi da Tre Penne a waje da ci 2-0 a zagaye na farko na gasar UEFA Europa Conference League . <ref>{{Cite web |last=D.P. |date=7 July 2022 |title=Tuzla City golovima u nadoknadi spriječio senzaciju i uspješno debitovao u Evropi |url=https://www.klix.ba/sport/nogomet/tuzla-city-golovima-u-nadoknadi-sprijecio-senzaciju-i-uspjesno-debitovao-u-evropi/220707146 |access-date=7 July 2022 |publisher=Klix.ba |language=bs}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Yuli, Jović ya sha kashi a karon farko a matsayin kocin Tuzla City yayin da AZ Alkmaar ta yi nasara a zagaye na biyu na gasar UEFA Europa Conference League. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 2022 |title=Tuzla City pružio hrabar otpor AZ Alkmaaru i pretrpio minimalan poraz |url=https://sport1.oslobodjenje.ba/s1/fudbal/ino-fudbal/evropska-takmicanja/tuzla-city-pruzio-hrabar-otpor-az-alkmaaru-i-pretrpio-minimalan-poraz-777892 |access-date=21 July 2022 |publisher=Sport1.ba |language=bs}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Agusta 2022, ya jagoranci Tuzla City zuwa ga nasara 5-1 a waje kan Sarajevo, wanda shine babban rashin nasara na ƙarshe a gasar Firimiya ta Bosnia a tarihi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=H. Halvadžija |date=12 August 2022 |title=Sarajevo doživjelo najteži poraz u historiji Premijer lige i bolno prizemljenje |url=https://www.klix.ba/sport/nogomet/sarajevo-dozivjelo-najtezi-poraz-u-historiji-premijer-lige-i-bolno-prizemljenje/220811044 |access-date=12 August 2022 |publisher=Klix.ba |language=bs}}</ref> Jović ya soke kwangilarsa da Tuzla City bisa amincewar juna a watan Nuwamba na 2022, bayan wasu makonni da ya yi yana fama da matsalolin lafiya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=E. Škorić |date=28 November 2022 |title=Dragan Jović više nije trener FK Tuzla City |url=https://sportsport.ba/fudbal/dragan-jovic-fk-tuzla-city/439388 |access-date=28 November 2022 |publisher=sportsport.ba |language=bs}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar gudanarwa == {{Updated|19 November 2022}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sofascore.com/hr/trener/dragan-jovic/68028|title=Dragan Jović|access-date=19 November 2022|website=Sofascore}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+Managerial record by team and tenure ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |From ! rowspan="2" |To ! colspan="8" |Record |- !{{Tooltip|G|Games managed}} !{{Tooltip|W|Games won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Games drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Games lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} !{{Tooltip|Win %|Winning percentage}} |- | align="left" |Travnik | align="left" |1 July 2005 | align="left" |30 June 2006 {{WDL|31|10|4|17|for=33|against=45|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Posušje | align="left" |4 September 2006 | align="left" |7 October 2007 {{WDL|39|15|7|17|for=50|against=61|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Zrinjski Mostar | align="left" |11 October 2007 | align="left" |12 September 2010 {{WDL|69|38|10|21|for=119|against=83|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Zvijezda Gradačac | align="left" |24 November 2010 | align="left" |5 January 2012 {{WDL|30|11|9|10|for=43|against=40|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Sarajevo | align="left" |6 January 2012 | align="left" |17 March 2013 {{WDL|42|23|9|10|for=70|against=43|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Borac Banja Luka | align="left" |25 June 2013 | align="left" |18 March 2014 {{WDL|25|12|6|7|for=31|against=25|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Primeiro de Agosto | align="left" |19 March 2014 | align="left" |31 December 2017 {{WDL|119|73|27|19|for=204|against=87|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Primeiro de Agosto | align="left" |26 November 2018 | align="left" |8 June 2020 {{WDL|62|38|16|8|for=102|against=35|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |[[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] | align="left" |29 January 2021 | align="left" |18 March 2021 {{WDL|9|1|4|4|for=6|against=11|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Tuzla City | align="left" |1 June 2022 | align="left" |28 November 2022 {{WDL|20|9|2|9|for=39|against=29|diff=yes}} |- ! colspan="3" |Total {{WDLtot|446|230|94|122|for=697|against=459|diff=yes}} |} == Daraja == '''Zrinjski Mostar''' * Gasar Firimiya ta Bosnia : 2008–09 * Kofin Bosnia : 2007–08 '''Firayim Ministan Agusta''' * Girabola : 2016, 2017, 2018-19 * Taça de Angola : 2018–19 * Supertaça de Angola : 2017, 2019 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] 1fgzbl5mf8y8l4e9r03tnge6dqbke3z 843229 843228 2026-05-30T07:27:46Z Engineer014 44591 843229 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dragan Jović''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Yuli 1963) ƙwararren manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Bosnia. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manajan ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasar Bosnia mafi nasara. <ref>{{Cite web |last=E.K. |date=1 December 2017 |title=Ko su najtrofejniji treneri iz BiH? |url=https://sportske.ba/ko-su-najtrofejniji-trener-iz-bih/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212221038/https://sportske.ba/ko-su-najtrofejniji-trener-iz-bih/ |archive-date=12 December 2022 |access-date=1 December 2017 |website=sportske.ba |language=bs}}</ref> == Aikin gudanarwa == === Farkon aikina === A farkon aikinsa, Jović ya jagoranci Travnik da Posušje . Ya maye gurbin Blaž Slišković a matsayin manajan Zrinjski Mostar a ƙarshen 2007, kuma ya jagoranci ƙungiyar ta lashe Kofin Bosnia a 2008 da kuma Gasar Premier ta Bosnia a 2009. Bayan barin Zrinjski, Jović ya zama sabon manajan Zvijezda Gradačac . Daga baya, ya kuma gudanar da Sarajevo da Borac Banja Luka . === Firayim Ministan Agusta === Jović ya ci gaba da jagorantar kulob din Girabola na Angola, Primeiro de Agosto, daga shekarar 2014 har zuwa lokacin da ya bar kulob din saboda dalilan lafiya a watan Disamba na 2017. A lokacin da yake aiki a kulob din, Jović ya lashe kofuna biyu na gasar Angola da kuma Super Cup daya. === Komawa zuwa Primeiro de Agosto === A watan Nuwamba na 2018, Jović ya sake komawa matsayin manajan Primeiro de Agosto. Ya sake samun nasara a kungiyar, inda ya lashe Kofin Angola na 2018-19 bayan ya doke Huíla a wasan karshe a ranar 25 ga Mayu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |last=S. Mlaćo |date=25 May 2019 |title=Jović i Selimović nastavili dominaciju: Novi trofej za bh. trenerski dvojac |url=https://sportsport.ba/fudbal/jovic-i-selimovic-nastavili-dominaciju-novi-trofej-za-bh-trenerski-dvojac/320300 |access-date=26 May 2019 |publisher=sportsport.ba |language=bs}}</ref> Jović ya kuma lashe gasar a kakar wasa ta 2018-19 da kuma Kofin Super Cup na Angola na 2019 . === Ismaily === Jović ya jagoranci ƙungiyar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] ta Masar a ɗan lokaci daga Janairu zuwa Maris 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2021 |title=OFFICIAL: Dragan Jovic resigns as Ismaily head coach |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2021/03/18/ismaily-accept-jovic-resignation/ |website=kingfut.com}}</ref> === Birnin Tuzla === A ranar 13 ga Mayu 2022, Tuzla City ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku da Jović don fara kakar wasa ta 2022-23, wanda hakan ya nuna komawarsa gasar Premier ta Bosnia bayan shekaru takwas. <ref>{{Cite web |last=M. Šljivak |date=13 May 2022 |title=Dragan Jović novi trener FK Tuzla City |url=https://sportsport.ba/fudbal/dragan-jovic-fk-tuzla-city/425426 |access-date=13 May 2022 |publisher=sportsport.ba |language=bs}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Yuli 2022, ya jagoranci wasansa na farko da Tuzla City a wasan da suka yi da Tre Penne a waje da ci 2-0 a zagaye na farko na gasar UEFA Europa Conference League . <ref>{{Cite web |last=D.P. |date=7 July 2022 |title=Tuzla City golovima u nadoknadi spriječio senzaciju i uspješno debitovao u Evropi |url=https://www.klix.ba/sport/nogomet/tuzla-city-golovima-u-nadoknadi-sprijecio-senzaciju-i-uspjesno-debitovao-u-evropi/220707146 |access-date=7 July 2022 |publisher=Klix.ba |language=bs}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Yuli, Jović ya sha kashi a karon farko a matsayin kocin Tuzla City yayin da AZ Alkmaar ta yi nasara a zagaye na biyu na gasar UEFA Europa Conference League. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 2022 |title=Tuzla City pružio hrabar otpor AZ Alkmaaru i pretrpio minimalan poraz |url=https://sport1.oslobodjenje.ba/s1/fudbal/ino-fudbal/evropska-takmicanja/tuzla-city-pruzio-hrabar-otpor-az-alkmaaru-i-pretrpio-minimalan-poraz-777892 |access-date=21 July 2022 |publisher=Sport1.ba |language=bs}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Agusta 2022, ya jagoranci Tuzla City zuwa ga nasara 5-1 a waje kan Sarajevo, wanda shine babban rashin nasara na ƙarshe a gasar Firimiya ta Bosnia a tarihi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=H. Halvadžija |date=12 August 2022 |title=Sarajevo doživjelo najteži poraz u historiji Premijer lige i bolno prizemljenje |url=https://www.klix.ba/sport/nogomet/sarajevo-dozivjelo-najtezi-poraz-u-historiji-premijer-lige-i-bolno-prizemljenje/220811044 |access-date=12 August 2022 |publisher=Klix.ba |language=bs}}</ref> Jović ya soke kwangilarsa da Tuzla City bisa amincewar juna a watan Nuwamba na 2022, bayan wasu makonni da ya yi yana fama da matsalolin lafiya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=E. Škorić |date=28 November 2022 |title=Dragan Jović više nije trener FK Tuzla City |url=https://sportsport.ba/fudbal/dragan-jovic-fk-tuzla-city/439388 |access-date=28 November 2022 |publisher=sportsport.ba |language=bs}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar gudanarwa == {{Updated|19 November 2022}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sofascore.com/hr/trener/dragan-jovic/68028|title=Dragan Jović|access-date=19 November 2022|website=Sofascore}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+Managerial record by team and tenure ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |From ! rowspan="2" |To ! colspan="8" |Record |- !{{Tooltip|G|Games managed}} !{{Tooltip|W|Games won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Games drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Games lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} !{{Tooltip|Win %|Winning percentage}} |- | align="left" |Travnik | align="left" |1 July 2005 | align="left" |30 June 2006 {{WDL|31|10|4|17|for=33|against=45|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Posušje | align="left" |4 September 2006 | align="left" |7 October 2007 {{WDL|39|15|7|17|for=50|against=61|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Zrinjski Mostar | align="left" |11 October 2007 | align="left" |12 September 2010 {{WDL|69|38|10|21|for=119|against=83|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Zvijezda Gradačac | align="left" |24 November 2010 | align="left" |5 January 2012 {{WDL|30|11|9|10|for=43|against=40|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Sarajevo | align="left" |6 January 2012 | align="left" |17 March 2013 {{WDL|42|23|9|10|for=70|against=43|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Borac Banja Luka | align="left" |25 June 2013 | align="left" |18 March 2014 {{WDL|25|12|6|7|for=31|against=25|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Primeiro de Agosto | align="left" |19 March 2014 | align="left" |31 December 2017 {{WDL|119|73|27|19|for=204|against=87|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Primeiro de Agosto | align="left" |26 November 2018 | align="left" |8 June 2020 {{WDL|62|38|16|8|for=102|against=35|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |[[Ismaila SC|Ismaily]] | align="left" |29 January 2021 | align="left" |18 March 2021 {{WDL|9|1|4|4|for=6|against=11|diff=yes}} |- | align="left" |Tuzla City | align="left" |1 June 2022 | align="left" |28 November 2022 {{WDL|20|9|2|9|for=39|against=29|diff=yes}} |- ! colspan="3" |Total {{WDLtot|446|230|94|122|for=697|against=459|diff=yes}} |} == Daraja == '''Zrinjski Mostar''' * Gasar Firimiya ta Bosnia : 2008–09 * Kofin Bosnia : 2007–08 '''Firayim Ministan Agusta''' * Girabola : 2016, 2017, 2018-19 * Taça de Angola : 2018–19 * Supertaça de Angola : 2017, 2019 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] gb88wked8tmz3adce02rsv3g9m2l4qe 0 153389 843230 2026-05-30T07:28:43Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | name = FCT Football Association | abbreviation = FCT FA | headquarters = Abuja, Najeriya | region = Federal Capital Territory (FCT) | affiliation = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | sport = Ƙwallon ƙafa | president = Adam Mouktar Mohammed | website = }} '''FCT Football Association''' ('''FCT FA''') ita ce hukumar da ke kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin '''Federal Capital Territory (FCT)''' da ke birnin Abuja, Najeriya... 843230 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = FCT Football Association | abbreviation = FCT FA | headquarters = Abuja, Najeriya | region = Federal Capital Territory (FCT) | affiliation = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | sport = Ƙwallon ƙafa | president = Adam Mouktar Mohammed | website = }} '''FCT Football Association''' ('''FCT FA''') ita ce hukumar da ke kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin '''Federal Capital Territory (FCT)''' da ke birnin Abuja, Najeriya. Hukumar tana da alhakin tsara gasanni, rajistar ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa, kula da makarantu da cibiyoyin horas da matasa, da kuma inganta ci gaban wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a babban birnin tarayyar Najeriya. Haka kuma tana aiki ƙarƙashin tsarin '''Nigeria Football Federation (NFF)''', wadda ita ce babbar hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://independent.ng/we-are-running-inclusive-transparent-football-association-fct-fa-chairman/|title=We Are Running Inclusive, Transparent Football Association, FCT FA Chairman|publisher=Independent Newspaper Nigeria|date=20 December 2019|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria_Football_Federation|title=Nigeria Football Federation|publisher=Wikipedia|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa FCT Football Association domin tafiyar da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a yankin Abuja da sauran ƙananan hukumomin da ke ƙarƙashin Federal Capital Territory. Tun bayan kafuwarta, hukumar ta kasance tana shirya gasa daban-daban na maza, mata da matasa tare da kula da ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a matakin ƙasa da na unguwanni. Hukumar tana aiki tare da ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa, masu horaswa, alkalai da sauran masu ruwa da tsaki domin bunƙasa wasan a yankin FCT.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.localgymsandfitness.com/NG/Abuja/496341457233427/FCT-Football-Association%2C-Abuja|title=FCT Football Association, Abuja|publisher=Local Gyms and Fitness|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Gudanarwa == A shekarar 2019, shugaban hukumar Adam Mouktar Mohammed ya bayyana cewa an mayar da hankali wajen gudanar da hukuma cikin gaskiya, riƙon amana da haɗa kan masu ruwa da tsaki a harkar ƙwallon ƙafa. Ya bayyana cewa sabuwar tafiyar hukumar ta buɗe ƙofofi ga sabbin dabaru da kuma jawo masu zuba jari domin tallafa wa ci gaban wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Abuja.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://independent.ng/we-are-running-inclusive-transparent-footless-association-fct-fa-chairman/|title=We Are Running Inclusive, Transparent Football Association, FCT FA Chairman|publisher=Independent Newspaper Nigeria|date=20 December 2019|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2024, hukumar ta sake jaddada ƙudurinta na bunƙasa wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Abuja bayan gudanar da wasu sauye-sauye a tsarin shugabanci. Hukumar ta sanar da shirinta na sake tsara kwamitoci domin ƙara kuzari da inganta ayyukanta a faɗin FCT.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dailytrust.com/fct-fa-reaffirms-commitment-to-advancing-football-in-abuja/|title=FCT FA Reaffirms Commitment To Advancing Football In Abuja|publisher=Daily Trust|date=2024|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Kwamitoci == A watan Disambar 2024, FCT FA ta ƙaddamar da sabbin kwamitoci guda shida domin ƙarfafa ci gaban wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a babban birnin tarayya. Waɗannan kwamitoci sun haɗa da: * Kwamitin Fasaha da Ci Gaba (Technical and Development Committee) * Kwamitin Gasanni da Shirye-shirye (Competitions and Events Committee) * Kwamitin Kuɗi da Tallafi (Finance and Sponsorship Committee) * Kwamitin Ladabtarwa da Ɗa'a (Ethics and Disciplinary Committee) * Kwamitin Yaɗa Labarai da Hulɗa da Jama'a (Media and Public Relations Committee) * Kwamitin Ƙwallon Ƙafan Mata (Women's Committee) Shugabannin hukumar sun bayyana cewa an zaɓi mambobin kwamitocin ne bisa ƙwarewa da gogewa domin tabbatar da ci gaba mai ɗorewa ga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a FCT.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nannews.ng/2024/12/23/fct-fa-unveils-standing-committees-to-transform-football-development/|title=FCT FA Unveils Standing Committees To Transform Football Development|publisher=News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)|date=23 December 2024|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.africasport.net/article/football/fct-fa-unveils-standing-committees-to-transform-football-development|title=FCT FA Unveils Standing Committees To Transform Football Development|publisher=Africa Sport Network|date=24 December 2024|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa == FCT FA tana da muhimmiyar rawa wajen gano da haɓaka matasan 'yan wasa a Abuja. Hukumar tana shirya gasannin yara da matasa, tarurrukan horas da masu koyarwa, da kuma horar da alkalan wasa. Haka kuma tana tallafa wa ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantu da na al'umma domin samar da sabbin hazikan 'yan wasa ga Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.localgymsandfitness.com/NG/Abuja/496341457233427/FCT-Football-Association%2C-Abuja|title=FCT Football Association, Abuja|publisher=Local Gyms and Fitness|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2025, hukumar ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniya da ƙungiyar Slum2Stardom domin ƙaddamar da lambar yabo ta shekara-shekara ga fitattun masu ruwa da tsaki a ƙwallon ƙafar matasa. 2x7hvyjsles4m2s1zuboszjrttd6ovt 0 153390 843231 2026-05-30T07:29:16Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1317377901|Nasreddine Nabi]]" 843231 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nasreddine Nabi''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Agusta 1965) ƙwararren manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Tunisiya kuma tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasa]] wanda kwanan nan ya zama manajan ƙungiyar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon kafa ta Kaizer Chiefs|Kaizer Chiefs]] ta Afirka ta Kudu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abiola |first=Raphael |date=2025-09-17 |title=Nabi Reportedly Parts Ways With Kaizer Chiefs After Club’s Loss to Sekhukhune United - Briefly.co.za |url=https://briefly.co.za/sports/football/224609-nabi-reportedly-parts-ways-kaizer-chiefs-clubs-loss-sekhukhune-united/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=briefly.co.za |language=en}}</ref> == Aikin gudanarwa == A kakar wasa ta 2021-22, ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da ƙungiyar Young Africans ta ƙasar Tanzania, kuma ya jagorance su suka lashe gasar cin kofin ƙasa sau biyu da kuma gasar cin kofin Tanzania, sannan suka kai wasan ƙarshe na Afirka na farko a tarihinsu, a lokacin gasar cin kofin CAF Confederation Cup ta 2022-23, wadda suka sha kashi a hannun [[USM Alger]] . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A kakar wasa ta 2023-24, kungiyar AS FAR ta Morocco ta dauke shi aiki na tsawon kakar wasa biyu. A watan Yulin 2024, ya zama babban kocin kungiyar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon kafa ta Kaizer Chiefs|Kaizer Chiefs]] ta Afirka ta Kudu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mabasa |first=Clifton |date=11 July 2024 |title='I want to give you pleasure in football, this is my dream' - Nasreddine Nabi reveals his ambitions for Kaizer Chiefs as Soweto giants confirm his technical team |url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/lists/i-want-to-give-you-pleasure-in-football-this-is-my-dream-nasreddine-nabi-reveals-his-ambitions-for-kaizer-chiefs-as-soweto-giants-confirm-his-technical-team/bltcb65fc37ce25f2c3 |publisher=Goal.com}}</ref> Chiefs, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi kuma mafi nasara a Afirka ta Kudu a tarihi, ta sha wahala a ƙarƙashin Nabi, inda ta kare a matsayi na tara a gasar Premier ta 2024–25, amma Nabi ta jagoranci Chiefs zuwa ga kofinta na farko cikin shekaru goma lokacin da suka lashe Kofin Nedbank na 2024–25 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Msomi |first=Smiso |date= |title=Amakhosi for Life! Kaizer Chiefs end trophy drought to beat Orlando Pirates and win Nedbank Cup final |url=https://iol.co.za/sport/soccer/psl/2025-05-10-amakhosi-for-life-kaizer-chiefs-end-trophy-drought-to-beat-orlando-pirates-and-win-nedbank-cup-final/ |access-date=2025-10-10 |website=IOL |language=en}}</ref> Nabi bai fara kakar wasa ta biyu a Chiefs ba, inda ya koma Tunisia bayan matarsa ta samu mummunan rauni a wani hatsari. Duk da haka, kafin fara wasan kungiyoyin a gasar cin kofin CAF Confederation Cup ta 2025-26, kungiyar ta yi ikirarin cewa Nabi bai cancanci zama a benci ba saboda gazawarsa wajen yin kwasa-kwasan horarwa masu sabuntawa da ake bukata. Nabi ya musanta hakan, amma dangantakar ta wargaje. Nabi ya koma Tunisia yayin da aka samu takaddama, inda daga karshe kwangilar ta kare a watan Oktoban 2025. == Daraja == '''Matasan Afirka''' * [[Gasar Firimiya ta ƙasar Tanzania|Gasar Firimiya ta Tanzaniya]] : 2021–22, 2022–23 * Kofin FAT : 2021–22, 2022–23 * Gasar cin kofin CAF Confederation : 2022–23 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] 49ycfdjl8cw6uar8pqz7elm3xb164xd 843232 843231 2026-05-30T07:29:41Z Engineer014 44591 843232 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nasreddine Nabi''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Agusta 1965) ƙwararren manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Tunisiya kuma tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasa]] wanda kwanan nan ya zama manajan ƙungiyar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon kafa ta Kaizer Chiefs|Kaizer Chiefs]] ta Afirka ta Kudu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abiola |first=Raphael |date=2025-09-17 |title=Nabi Reportedly Parts Ways With Kaizer Chiefs After Club’s Loss to Sekhukhune United - Briefly.co.za |url=https://briefly.co.za/sports/football/224609-nabi-reportedly-parts-ways-kaizer-chiefs-clubs-loss-sekhukhune-united/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=briefly.co.za |language=en}}</ref> == Aikin gudanarwa == A kakar wasa ta 2021-22, ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da ƙungiyar Young Africans ta ƙasar Tanzania, kuma ya jagorance su suka lashe gasar cin kofin ƙasa sau biyu da kuma gasar cin kofin Tanzania, sannan suka kai wasan ƙarshe na Afirka na farko a tarihinsu, a lokacin gasar cin kofin CAF Confederation Cup ta 2022-23, wadda suka sha kashi a hannun [[USM Alger]] . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A kakar wasa ta 2023-24, kungiyar AS FAR ta Morocco ta dauke shi aiki na tsawon kakar wasa biyu. A watan Yulin 2024, ya zama babban kocin kungiyar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon kafa ta Kaizer Chiefs|Kaizer Chiefs]] ta Afirka ta Kudu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mabasa |first=Clifton |date=11 July 2024 |title='I want to give you pleasure in football, this is my dream' - Nasreddine Nabi reveals his ambitions for Kaizer Chiefs as Soweto giants confirm his technical team |url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/lists/i-want-to-give-you-pleasure-in-football-this-is-my-dream-nasreddine-nabi-reveals-his-ambitions-for-kaizer-chiefs-as-soweto-giants-confirm-his-technical-team/bltcb65fc37ce25f2c3 |publisher=Goal.com}}</ref> Chiefs, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi kuma mafi nasara a Afirka ta Kudu a tarihi, ta sha wahala a ƙarƙashin Nabi, inda ta kare a matsayi na tara a gasar Premier ta 2024–25, amma Nabi ta jagoranci Chiefs zuwa ga kofinta na farko cikin shekaru goma lokacin da suka lashe Kofin Nedbank na 2024–25 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Msomi |first=Smiso |date= |title=Amakhosi for Life! Kaizer Chiefs end trophy drought to beat Orlando Pirates and win Nedbank Cup final |url=https://iol.co.za/sport/soccer/psl/2025-05-10-amakhosi-for-life-kaizer-chiefs-end-trophy-drought-to-beat-orlando-pirates-and-win-nedbank-cup-final/ |access-date=2025-10-10 |website=IOL |language=en}}</ref> Nabi bai fara kakar wasa ta biyu a Chiefs ba, inda ya koma Tunisia bayan matarsa ta samu mummunan rauni a wani hatsari. Duk da haka, kafin fara wasan kungiyoyin a gasar cin kofin CAF Confederation Cup ta 2025-26, kungiyar ta yi ikirarin cewa Nabi bai cancanci zama a benci ba saboda gazawarsa wajen yin kwasa-kwasan horarwa masu sabuntawa da ake bukata. Nabi ya musanta hakan, amma dangantakar ta wargaje. Nabi ya koma Tunisia yayin da aka samu takaddama, inda daga karshe kwangilar ta kare a watan Oktoban 2025. == Daraja == '''Matasan Afirka''' * [[Gasar Firimiya ta ƙasar Tanzania|Gasar Firimiya ta Tanzaniya]] : 2021–22, 2022–23 * Kofin FAT : 2021–22, 2022–23 * Gasar cin kofin CAF Confederation : 2022–23 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] 4lzq1inb9lzyi859yhd45on80bfughi 0 153391 843233 2026-05-30T07:33:41Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338941840|Pongola River]]" 843233 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Pongola''' kogi ne a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana da magudanar ruwa ta [[Kogin Maputo]]. Yana tashi kusa da Utrecht a arewacin KwaZulu-Natal, yana kwarara gabas ta oPhongolo, an rufe shi a [[Dam ɗin Pongolapoort|Pongolapoort]], sannan ya ratsa tsaunukan Ubombo; sannan ya ratsa arewa zuwa [[Mozambik|Mozambique]], ya haɗu da Kogin Maputo. Manyan magudanan ruwanta sune [[Kogin Bivane]] da [[Mozana River|Kogin Mozana]] a Afirka ta Kudu, da kuma Ngwavuma a [[Eswatini]]. <ref name="dwaf">{{Cite web |title=Usuthu/Mhlatuze WMA 6 |url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA6UsuthuMhlatuze.jpg |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Fisheries}}</ref> Sunan Kogin uPhongolo ya samo asali ne daga kalmar [[Harshen Zulu|isiZulu]] ta ganga, magudanar ruwa, magudanar ruwa, ko akwati, yana nufin tafkuna masu zurfi da kuma wani lokacin dogayen da ake samu a cikin wannan kogin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Umphongolo/Imiphongolo |url=https://isizulu.net/?umphongolo |access-date=22 February 2025 |website=isiZulu.net Zulu-English Dictionary}}</ref> [[Fayil:Phongolo_River_Valley_(32047155390).jpg|none|thumb|Kogin Pongolo yana ratsa tsaunuka a ciki da wajen wurin namun daji na Ithala]] == Duba kuma == * 1305 Pongola * [[Dam ɗin Pongolapoort|Madatsar ruwan Pongolapoort]] * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == Pongola RiverPongola RiverPongola RiverPongola RiverMachine Translation SpamMachine Translation SpamMachine Translation Spam m5hyw3lpv27vr6tktwt86429mmajji0 843235 843233 2026-05-30T07:34:05Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 843235 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Pongola''' kogi ne a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana da magudanar ruwa ta [[Kogin Maputo]]. Yana tashi kusa da Utrecht a arewacin KwaZulu-Natal, yana kwarara gabas ta oPhongolo, an rufe shi a [[Dam ɗin Pongolapoort|Pongolapoort]], sannan ya ratsa tsaunukan Ubombo; sannan ya ratsa arewa zuwa [[Mozambik|Mozambique]], ya haɗu da Kogin Maputo. Manyan magudanan ruwanta sune [[Kogin Bivane]] da [[Mozana River|Kogin Mozana]] a Afirka ta Kudu, da kuma Ngwavuma a [[Eswatini]]. <ref name="dwaf">{{Cite web |title=Usuthu/Mhlatuze WMA 6 |url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA6UsuthuMhlatuze.jpg |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Fisheries}}</ref> Sunan Kogin uPhongolo ya samo asali ne daga kalmar [[Harshen Zulu|isiZulu]] ta ganga, magudanar ruwa, magudanar ruwa, ko akwati, yana nufin tafkuna masu zurfi da kuma wani lokacin dogayen da ake samu a cikin wannan kogin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Umphongolo/Imiphongolo |url=https://isizulu.net/?umphongolo |access-date=22 February 2025 |website=isiZulu.net Zulu-English Dictionary}}</ref> [[Fayil:Phongolo_River_Valley_(32047155390).jpg|none|thumb|Kogin Pongolo yana ratsa tsaunuka a ciki da wajen wurin namun daji na Ithala]] == Duba kuma == * 1305 Pongola * [[Dam ɗin Pongolapoort|Madatsar ruwan Pongolapoort]] * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == qyxgx1bnoav0qjb7m0qqfwbuzurpaou 843236 843235 2026-05-30T07:36:55Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843236 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Pongola''' kogi ne a [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name="Raper1989">{{cite book|last=Raper|first=P. E. |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names | url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n363/mode/2up|year=1989|publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers|isbn=978-0-947464-04-2|page=363|via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> Yana da magudanar ruwa ta [[Kogin Maputo]].<ref name="Raper1989">{{cite book|last=Raper|first=P. E. |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names | url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n363/mode/2up|year=1989|publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers|isbn=978-0-947464-04-2|page=363|via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> Yana tashi kusa da Utrecht a arewacin KwaZulu-Natal, yana kwarara gabas ta oPhongolo, an rufe shi a [[Dam ɗin Pongolapoort|Pongolapoort]], sannan ya ratsa tsaunukan Ubombo; sannan ya ratsa arewa zuwa [[Mozambik|Mozambique]], ya haɗu da Kogin Maputo.<ref>{{citation|first=Lani|last= van Vuuren |title=Darlington Dam: Development Steeped in Controversy |periodical=The Water Wheel |volume=8 |issue=3 |publisher=South African Water Research Commission |publication-place=Gezina |pages=23–27 |issn=0258-2244 |date= May 2009 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Water%20Wheel/Articles/2009/WW_09_may-jun_08_Pongola_p_23-27.pdf |access-date=2010-04-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719053557/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Water%20Wheel/Articles/2009/WW_09_may-jun_08_Pongola_p_23-27.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-19}}</ref> Manyan magudanan ruwanta sune [[Kogin Bivane]]<ref name="Raper1989">{{cite book|last=Raper|first=P. E. |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names | url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n363/mode/2up|year=1989|publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers|isbn=978-0-947464-04-2|page=363|via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> da [[Mozana River|Kogin Mozana]] a Afirka ta Kudu, da kuma Ngwavuma a [[Eswatini]]. <ref name="dwaf">{{Cite web |title=Usuthu/Mhlatuze WMA 6 |url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA6UsuthuMhlatuze.jpg |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Fisheries}}</ref> Sunan Kogin uPhongolo ya samo asali ne daga kalmar [[Harshen Zulu|isiZulu]] ta ganga, magudanar ruwa,<ref name="Raper1989">{{cite book|last=Raper|first=P. E. |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names | url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n363/mode/2up|year=1989|publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers|isbn=978-0-947464-04-2|page=363|via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> magudanar ruwa, ko akwati, yana nufin tafkuna masu zurfi da kuma wani lokacin dogayen da ake samu a cikin wannan kogin.<ref>{{Cite book |last=P E Raper - HSRC |url=https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/page/n363/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Umphongolo/Imiphongolo |url=https://isizulu.net/?umphongolo |access-date=22 February 2025 |website=isiZulu.net Zulu-English Dictionary}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Umphongolo/Imiphongolo |url=https://isizulu.net/?umphongolo |access-date=22 February 2025 |website=isiZulu.net Zulu-English Dictionary}}</ref> [[Fayil:Phongolo_River_Valley_(32047155390).jpg|none|thumb|Kogin Pongolo yana ratsa tsaunuka a ciki da wajen wurin namun daji na Ithala]] == Duba kuma == * 1305 Pongola * [[Dam ɗin Pongolapoort|Madatsar ruwan Pongolapoort]] * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == nj7c26t9j6n1uq1c4sn62w86w9szud9 843238 843236 2026-05-30T07:43:07Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843238 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Pongola''' kogi ne a [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name="Raper1989">{{cite book|last=Raper|first=P. E. |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names | url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n363/mode/2up|year=1989|publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers|isbn=978-0-947464-04-2|page=363|via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> Yana da magudanar ruwa ta [[Kogin Maputo]].<ref name="Raper1989">{{cite book|last=Raper|first=P. E. |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names | url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n363/mode/2up|year=1989|publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers|isbn=978-0-947464-04-2|page=363|via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> Yana tashi kusa da Utrecht a arewacin KwaZulu-Natal, yana kwarara gabas ta oPhongolo, an rufe shi a [[Dam ɗin Pongolapoort|Pongolapoort]], sannan ya ratsa tsaunukan Ubombo; sannan ya ratsa arewa zuwa [[Mozambik|Mozambique]], ya haɗu da Kogin Maputo.<ref>{{citation|first=Lani|last= van Vuuren |title=Darlington Dam: Development Steeped in Controversy |periodical=The Water Wheel |volume=8 |issue=3 |publisher=South African Water Research Commission |publication-place=Gezina |pages=23–27 |issn=0258-2244 |date= May 2009 |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Water%20Wheel/Articles/2009/WW_09_may-jun_08_Pongola_p_23-27.pdf |access-date=2010-04-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719053557/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Water%20Wheel/Articles/2009/WW_09_may-jun_08_Pongola_p_23-27.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-19}}</ref> Manyan magudanan ruwanta sune [[Kogin Bivane]]<ref name="Raper1989">{{cite book|last=Raper|first=P. E. |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names | url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n363/mode/2up|year=1989|publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers|isbn=978-0-947464-04-2|page=363|via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> da [[Mozana River|Kogin Mozana]] a Afirka ta Kudu, da kuma Ngwavuma a [[Eswatini]]. <ref name="dwaf">{{Cite web |title=Usuthu/Mhlatuze WMA 6 |url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA6UsuthuMhlatuze.jpg |publisher=Department of Water Affairs and Fisheries}}</ref> Sunan Kogin uPhongolo ya samo asali ne daga kalmar [[Harshen Zulu|isiZulu]] ta ganga, magudanar ruwa,<ref name="Raper1989">{{cite book|last=Raper|first=P. E. |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names | url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n363/mode/2up|year=1989|publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers|isbn=978-0-947464-04-2|page=363|via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> magudanar ruwa, ko akwati, yana nufin tafkuna masu zurfi da kuma wani lokacin dogayen da ake samu a cikin wannan kogin.<ref>{{Cite book |last=P E Raper - HSRC |url=https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/page/n363/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Umphongolo/Imiphongolo |url=https://isizulu.net/?umphongolo |access-date=22 February 2025 |website=isiZulu.net Zulu-English Dictionary}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Umphongolo/Imiphongolo |url=https://isizulu.net/?umphongolo |access-date=22 February 2025 |website=isiZulu.net Zulu-English Dictionary}}</ref> [[Fayil:Phongolo_River_Valley_(32047155390).jpg|none|thumb|Kogin Pongolo yana ratsa tsaunuka a ciki da wajen wurin namun daji na Ithala]] == Duba kuma == * 1305 Pongola * [[Dam ɗin Pongolapoort|Madatsar ruwan Pongolapoort]] * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == ddl8llbz4gp4wu42vrvjht128jubrol 0 153392 843239 2026-05-30T07:43:41Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | Kenneth Ikechukwu Ozoemena | image = | birth_place = Jihar Imo, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | fields = Kimiyyar sinadarai ta zahiri (Physical Chemistry), Kimiyyar kayan aiki (Materials Science), Electrochemistry | workplaces = Jami'ar Witwatersrand | alma_mater = Jami'ar Abia State<br>Jami'ar Legas<br>Jami'ar Rhodes | known_for = Bincike kan batura, fuel cells, supercapacitors da na'urorin gano cututtuka ta hanyar electrochemistry | awards = Fello... 843239 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | Kenneth Ikechukwu Ozoemena | image = | birth_place = Jihar Imo, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | fields = Kimiyyar sinadarai ta zahiri (Physical Chemistry), Kimiyyar kayan aiki (Materials Science), Electrochemistry | workplaces = Jami'ar Witwatersrand | alma_mater = Jami'ar Abia State<br>Jami'ar Legas<br>Jami'ar Rhodes | known_for = Bincike kan batura, fuel cells, supercapacitors da na'urorin gano cututtuka ta hanyar electrochemistry | awards = Fellow, Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC)<br>Fellow, African Academy of Sciences (FAAS)<br>NRF A-Rated Scientist }} '''Kenneth Ikechukwu Ozoemena''' masanin kimiyyar sinadarai ta zahiri (physical chemist), masanin kimiyyar kayan aiki (materials scientist) kuma farfesa ne ɗan Najeriya. Ya shahara a duniya saboda bincikensa a fannin ''electrochemistry'', musamman wajen ƙirƙira da inganta batura na zamani, na'urorin ajiyar makamashi, ''fuel cells'', da kuma na'urorin gano cututtuka ta hanyar hanyoyin lantarki da sinadarai. A halin yanzu shi ne Farfesan Bincike kuma shugaban kujerar bincike ta '''DSI-NRF SARChI Chair in Materials Electrochemistry and Energy Technologies (MEET)''' a Jami'ar Witwatersrand da ke Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nrf.ac.za/about-us/nrf-awards/2023-2/2023-a-rated-researchers-1st-rating/professor-kenneth-ozoemena/ |title=Professor Kenneth Ozoemena |publisher=National Research Foundation (South Africa) |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Kenneth Ikechukwu Ozoemena a garin Umuna da ke ƙaramar hukumar Onuimo a Jihar Imo, Najeriya. Ya samu digirin farko na ''Industrial Chemistry'' daga Jami'ar Abia State a shekarar 1992. Daga baya ya sami digirin MSc a Chemistry (1997) da MSc a Pharmaceutical Chemistry (1998) daga Jami'ar Legas. A shekarar 2003 ya kammala digirin digirgir (PhD) a Chemistry daga Jami'ar Rhodes ta Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7107-7003 |title=Kenneth Ozoemena - ORCID Biography |publisher=ORCID |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin kimiyya == Bayan samun PhD, Ozoemena ya fara aikin koyarwa a matsayin Andrew W. Mellon Lecturer a Jami'ar Rhodes tsakanin 2004 da 2006. Daga nan ya koma Jami'ar Pretoria inda ya yi aiki a matsayin babban malami (Senior Lecturer) a fannin Chemistry. Daga shekarar 2009 zuwa 2017 ya kasance babban masanin bincike kuma shugaban rukunin binciken Electrochemical Energy Technologies a '''Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)''' na Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ntnu.edu/ecat2020/speakers/ozoemena |title=Biography: Kenneth I. Ozoemena |publisher=Norwegian University of Science and Technology |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A shekarar 2017 an naɗa shi Farfesa a Makarantar Chemistry ta Jami'ar Witwatersrand. Daga baya ya zama shugaban kujerar bincike ta ƙasa (SARChI Chair) a fannin Materials Electrochemistry and Energy Technologies.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wits.ac.za/chemistry/research/materials-electrochemistry-and-energy-technologies/ |title=Materials Electrochemistry and Energy Technologies |publisher=University of the Witwatersrand |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Bincike == Binciken Ozoemena ya mayar da hankali ne kan amfani da electrochemistry wajen samar da hanyoyin magance matsalolin makamashi da lafiya. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da: * Batura masu caji irin su lithium-ion batteries. * Zinc-air batteries. * Supercapacitors. * Fuel cells. * Electrochemical sensors domin gano cututtuka kamar tarin fuka (TB) da kansar mahaifa (cervical cancer). * Electrocatalysis da makamashi mai tsafta. A cewar Jami'ar Witwatersrand, bincikensa ya taimaka wajen haɓaka fasahohin adana makamashi da kuma samar da na'urorin binciken lafiya masu inganci.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.wits.ac.za/news/latest-news/research-news/2024/2024-09/wits-chemists-win-prestigious-chemistry-awards.html |title=Wits chemists win prestigious chemistry awards |newspaper=Wits University News |date=2024-09-26 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Wallafe-wallafe == Ozoemena ya wallafa fiye da takardun bincike 240 a mujallu na kimiyya na duniya. Har ila yau ya rubuta babuka da dama kuma ya gyara wasu manyan littattafai a fannin kimiyyar kayan aiki da makamashi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nrf.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/2023-NRF-Awards-Book.pdf |title=NRF Awards Book 2023 |publisher=National Research Foundation |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Daga cikin fitattun littattafansa akwai: * ''Recent Advances in Analytical Electrochemistry'' (2007) * ''Nanomaterials in Advanced Batteries and Supercapacitors'' (2016) * ''Nanomaterials for Fuel Cell Catalysis'' (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Ikechukwu_Ozoemena |title=Kenneth Ikechukwu Ozoemena |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da karramawa == Ozoemena ya samu lambobin yabo da karramawa da dama a duniya, ciki har da: * Fellow na Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) a 2011. * Fellow na African Academy of Sciences (FAAS) a 2015. * Memba na Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf) a 2016. * NRF A-Rated Scientist a 2023. * Mataimakin Shugaban African Academy of Sciences (Southern Africa Region). * Gold Medal na South African Chemical Institute (SACI) a 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://saci.co.za/SACI2025/saci-award-speakers/ |title=SACI Award Speakers 2025 |publisher=South African Chemical Institute |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Matsayi a ƙungiyoyin kimiyya == Ozoemena ya kasance memba ko shugaba a ƙungiyoyin kimiyya da dama. Ya taba zama wakilin Afirka a International Society of Electrochemistry, sannan kuma yana cikin editocin mujallun kimiyya irin su ''Electrochemistry Communications'', ''Electrocatalysis'' da ''Scientific Reports''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ozoemenagroup.com/hello-world/ |title=Meet the new Co-Editors-in-Chief of Electrochemistry Communications |publisher=Ozoemena Group |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Tasiri == Ana ɗaukar Kenneth Ikechukwu Ozoemena a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana electrochemistry daga Afirka. Bincikensa ya taimaka wajen haɗa kimiyyar sinadarai da fasahar makamashi da lafiya, musamman wajen samar da hanyoyin da za su taimaka wa ƙasashe masu tasowa wajen magance matsalolin makamashi da cututtuka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nrf.ac.za/about-us/nrf-awards/2023-2/2023-a-rated-researchers-1st-rating/professor-kenneth-ozoemena/ |title=Professor Kenneth Ozoemena |publisher=National Research Foundation |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian chemists]] [[Category:Physical chemists]] [[Category:Nigerian scientists]] [[Category:People from Imo State]] [[Category:University of Lagos alumni]] [[Category:Rhodes University alumni]] [[Category:Members of the African Academy of Sciences]] [[Category:Materials scientists]] [[Category:Electrochemists]] ```0 inj4pkdcva1qc86dp66jq30fi9hhbw0 0 153393 843240 2026-05-30T07:48:10Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325014922|Ohlanga River]]" 843240 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Ohlanga''' kogi ne da ke KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]], wanda ke kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] a arewacin uMhlanga, da arewacin [[Durban]]. Kogin yana da manyan wuraren zama na ciyawa a bakin kogin, wanda yake da faɗin murabba'i 7 kacal.&nbsp;kilomita kudu maso yamma daga bakin [[Kogin Mdloti|kogin uMdloti]]. A halin yanzu, wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]]. == Tsarin kiyaye muhalli na Umhlanga == A bakin kogin, wani tafkin ruwa yana kewaye da [[Umhlanga Conservancy]]. Wannan yanki ya haɗa da wurin ajiyar yanayi na UMhlanga Lagoon Nature Reserve {{Convert|26|ha}}, da kuma aikin tsaftace sharar gida wanda jama'a za su iya shiga. Wannan yanki ya ƙunshi duiker bushbuck, shuɗi da launin toka, da tsuntsaye da yawa, gami da mafi yawan wuraren da ake samun guineafowl a kudancin ƙasar. <ref name="kznwildlife" /> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061105225747/http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm Shafin namun daji na KZN a kan wurin ajiyar yanayi na Umhlanga Lagoon] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061003140644/http://www.sabirding.co.za/birdspot/040109.asp Shafin Tsuntsaye na Afirka ta Kudu kan nau'in tsuntsaye a cikin Umhlanga Conservancy] * [http://www.satelliteviews.net/cgi-bin/w.cgi?sdb=Go&c=sf&UF=-1268711&UN=-1846089&AF=H_O&FC=H&exm=on Hoton kogin ta tauraron dan adam] {{Commons category-inline|Umhlanga Lagoon Nature Reserve}} 24owzeuk8utn8wa1k1k51cr5l5vf0b1 843241 843240 2026-05-30T07:53:33Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843241 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Ohlanga''' kogi ne da ke KwaZulu-Natal,<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> [[Afirka ta Kudu]], wanda ke kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] a arewacin uMhlanga, da arewacin [[Durban]].<ref name="kzntourism">Tourism KwaZulu-Natal, [http://www.durban.kzn.org.za/durban//about/40.html About Durban] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930190138/http://www.durban.kzn.org.za/durban//about/40.html |date=2007-09-30 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> Kogin yana da manyan wuraren zama na ciyawa a bakin kogin,<ref name="sabirding">South African Birding, [http://www.sabirding.co.za/birdspot/040109.asp Umhlanga Conservancy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061003140644/http://www.sabirding.co.za/birdspot/040109.asp |date=2006-10-03 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> wanda yake da faɗin murabba'i 7 kacal.&nbsp;kilomita kudu maso yamma daga bakin [[Kogin Mdloti|kogin uMdloti]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160307164431/https://business.highbeam.com/437820/article-1G1-152236549/comparative-study-zooplankton-dynamics-two-subtropical A comparative study of zooplankton dynamics in two subtropical temporarily open/closed estuaries, South Africa]</ref> A halin yanzu, wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA11MvotuUmzimkulu.jpg Mvoti to Umzimkulu WMA 11]</ref> == Tsarin kiyaye muhalli na Umhlanga == A bakin kogin, wani tafkin ruwa yana kewaye da [[Umhlanga Conservancy]]. Wannan yanki ya haɗa da wurin ajiyar yanayi na UMhlanga Lagoon Nature Reserve {{Convert|26|ha}}, da kuma aikin tsaftace sharar gida wanda jama'a za su iya shiga. Wannan yanki ya ƙunshi duiker bushbuck, shuɗi da launin toka, da tsuntsaye da yawa, gami da mafi yawan wuraren da ake samun guineafowl a kudancin ƙasar. <ref name="kznwildlife" /> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061105225747/http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm Shafin namun daji na KZN a kan wurin ajiyar yanayi na Umhlanga Lagoon] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061003140644/http://www.sabirding.co.za/birdspot/040109.asp Shafin Tsuntsaye na Afirka ta Kudu kan nau'in tsuntsaye a cikin Umhlanga Conservancy] * [http://www.satelliteviews.net/cgi-bin/w.cgi?sdb=Go&c=sf&UF=-1268711&UN=-1846089&AF=H_O&FC=H&exm=on Hoton kogin ta tauraron dan adam] {{Commons category-inline|Umhlanga Lagoon Nature Reserve}} gofh5p4xgig2vx4ioy4e3kj7m5lmcje 843242 843241 2026-05-30T07:55:05Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Tsarin kiyaye muhalli na Umhlanga */ 843242 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Ohlanga''' kogi ne da ke KwaZulu-Natal,<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> [[Afirka ta Kudu]], wanda ke kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] a arewacin uMhlanga, da arewacin [[Durban]].<ref name="kzntourism">Tourism KwaZulu-Natal, [http://www.durban.kzn.org.za/durban//about/40.html About Durban] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930190138/http://www.durban.kzn.org.za/durban//about/40.html |date=2007-09-30 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> Kogin yana da manyan wuraren zama na ciyawa a bakin kogin,<ref name="sabirding">South African Birding, [http://www.sabirding.co.za/birdspot/040109.asp Umhlanga Conservancy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061003140644/http://www.sabirding.co.za/birdspot/040109.asp |date=2006-10-03 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> wanda yake da faɗin murabba'i 7 kacal.&nbsp;kilomita kudu maso yamma daga bakin [[Kogin Mdloti|kogin uMdloti]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160307164431/https://business.highbeam.com/437820/article-1G1-152236549/comparative-study-zooplankton-dynamics-two-subtropical A comparative study of zooplankton dynamics in two subtropical temporarily open/closed estuaries, South Africa]</ref> A halin yanzu, wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA11MvotuUmzimkulu.jpg Mvoti to Umzimkulu WMA 11]</ref> == Tsarin kiyaye muhalli na Umhlanga == A bakin kogin, wani tafkin ruwa yana kewaye da [[Umhlanga Conservancy]].<ref name="kznwildlife">KZN Wildlife,[http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm Umhlanga Lagoon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061105225747/http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm |date=2006-11-05 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> Wannan yanki ya haɗa da wurin ajiyar yanayi na UMhlanga Lagoon Nature Reserve {{Convert|26|ha}}, da kuma aikin tsaftace sharar gida wanda jama'a za su iya shiga.<ref name="kzntourism">Tourism KwaZulu-Natal, [http://www.durban.kzn.org.za/durban//about/40.html About Durban] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930190138/http://www.durban.kzn.org.za/durban//about/40.html |date=2007-09-30 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> Wannan yanki ya ƙunshi duiker bushbuck, shuɗi da launin toka,<ref name="kznwildlife">KZN Wildlife,[http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm Umhlanga Lagoon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061105225747/http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm |date=2006-11-05 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> da tsuntsaye da yawa, gami da mafi yawan wuraren da ake samun guineafowl a kudancin ƙasar. <ref name="kznwildlife" /> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061105225747/http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm Shafin namun daji na KZN a kan wurin ajiyar yanayi na Umhlanga Lagoon] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061003140644/http://www.sabirding.co.za/birdspot/040109.asp Shafin Tsuntsaye na Afirka ta Kudu kan nau'in tsuntsaye a cikin Umhlanga Conservancy] * [http://www.satelliteviews.net/cgi-bin/w.cgi?sdb=Go&c=sf&UF=-1268711&UN=-1846089&AF=H_O&FC=H&exm=on Hoton kogin ta tauraron dan adam] {{Commons category-inline|Umhlanga Lagoon Nature Reserve}} 59rkokbu98j95g85in2b6m2x3deef36 843245 843242 2026-05-30T08:12:13Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843245 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Ohlanga''' kogi ne da ke KwaZulu-Natal,<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> [[Afirka ta Kudu]], wanda ke kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] a arewacin uMhlanga, da arewacin [[Durban]].<ref name="kzntourism">Tourism KwaZulu-Natal, [http://www.durban.kzn.org.za/durban//about/40.html About Durban] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930190138/http://www.durban.kzn.org.za/durban//about/40.html |date=2007-09-30 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> Kogin yana da manyan wuraren zama na ciyawa a bakin kogin,<ref name="sabirding">South African Birding, [http://www.sabirding.co.za/birdspot/040109.asp Umhlanga Conservancy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061003140644/http://www.sabirding.co.za/birdspot/040109.asp |date=2006-10-03 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> wanda yake da faɗin murabba'i 7 kacal.&nbsp;kilomita kudu maso yamma daga bakin [[Kogin Mdloti|kogin uMdloti]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160307164431/https://business.highbeam.com/437820/article-1G1-152236549/comparative-study-zooplankton-dynamics-two-subtropical A comparative study of zooplankton dynamics in two subtropical temporarily open/closed estuaries, South Africa]</ref> A halin yanzu, wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA11MvotuUmzimkulu.jpg Mvoti to Umzimkulu WMA 11]</ref> == Tsarin kiyaye muhalli na Umhlanga == A bakin kogin, wani tafkin ruwa yana kewaye da [[Umhlanga Conservancy]].<ref name="kznwildlife">KZN Wildlife,[http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm Umhlanga Lagoon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061105225747/http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm |date=2006-11-05 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> Wannan yanki ya haɗa da wurin ajiyar yanayi na UMhlanga Lagoon Nature Reserve {{Convert|26|ha}}, da kuma aikin tsaftace sharar gida wanda jama'a za su iya shiga.<ref name="kzntourism">Tourism KwaZulu-Natal, [http://www.durban.kzn.org.za/durban//about/40.html About Durban] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930190138/http://www.durban.kzn.org.za/durban//about/40.html |date=2007-09-30 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> Wannan yanki ya ƙunshi duiker bushbuck, shuɗi da launin toka,<ref name="kznwildlife">KZN Wildlife,[http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm Umhlanga Lagoon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061105225747/http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm |date=2006-11-05 }}, retrieved September 2006</ref> da tsuntsaye da yawa, gami da mafi yawan wuraren da ake samun guineafowl a kudancin ƙasar. <ref name="kznwildlife" /> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061105225747/http://www.kznwildlife.com/umhlanga_dest.htm Shafin namun daji na KZN a kan wurin ajiyar yanayi na Umhlanga Lagoon] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061003140644/http://www.sabirding.co.za/birdspot/040109.asp Shafin Tsuntsaye na Afirka ta Kudu kan nau'in tsuntsaye a cikin Umhlanga Conservancy] * [http://www.satelliteviews.net/cgi-bin/w.cgi?sdb=Go&c=sf&UF=-1268711&UN=-1846089&AF=H_O&FC=H&exm=on Hoton kogin ta tauraron dan adam] {{Commons category-inline|Umhlanga Lagoon Nature Reserve}} 3kdifusrjejxt9fhajrzqlfog0fd527 0 153394 843243 2026-05-30T08:09:45Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353988836|Mustafa Karim]]" 843243 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mustafa Karim Abdullah''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Yuli 1987) manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Iraki kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. Ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba, kuma an san shi da iya cin kwallaye da ƙafafu biyu. == Sana'a: Matasa, Gasar Olympics da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa == === Ƙungiyar Matasa === A shekarar 2005, Mustafa Karim ya shiga ƙungiyar matasan Iraki a gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar matasa ta AFC, inda ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba shi damar shiga gasar cin kofin matasa ta AFC, sannan ya tura Iraki zuwa gasar cin kofin matasa ta AFC ta 2006, amma bai samu damar shiga ƙungiyar ba saboda rauni. === Ƙungiyar Olympics === A shekara ta 2006, Mustafa Karim ya lashe lambar Azurfa a wasannin Asiya tare da tawagar 'yan wasan Olympics ta Iraki. Mustafa Karim ya zura kwallaye 4 a wasannin Asiya, kwallaye 2 a kan Indonesia da kuma kwallo daya a kan Singapore a zagaye na 1, yayin da kwallo ta hudu ya zura kwallo mafi daraja a kan Malaysia, Iraki ce ke kan gaba a wasan da ci 3-0 da Malaysia, kuma Iraki ta bukaci nasara da ci 4-0 don isa wasan kusa da na karshe a matsayin wanda ya fi kowa matsayi na biyu, Mustafa Karim ya maye gurbinsa kuma ya zura kwallo ta 4 tun daga farko da ya tura tawagar 'yan wasan Olympics ta Iraki zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe. A shekara ta 2007, ƙungiyar wasannin Olympics ta Iraq ta kasa samun cancantar shiga gasar Olympics ta 2008 kuma ta kare a bayan Australia da maki 1, Mustafa Karim ya buga mafi yawan wasannin cancantar shiga gasar Olympics a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa, kuma ya zira kwallaye 2 kacal. === Tawagar Ƙasa === A shekarar 2008, Mustafa Karim ya fara bugawa tawagar kasar Iraki wasa a wasan sada zumunta da Jordan a ranar 24 ga Janairun 2008. == Al Zawraa == Mustafa Karim Ya sanya hannu a matsayin zakaran Iraqi Al Zawraa daga Naft Al Wasat a lokacin musayar 'yan wasa na Janairu na 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a zagaye na biyu a wasan da suka yi da Al-Hedood kuma ya zura kwallon da ta ba shi nasara a lokacin da wasan ya kusa karewa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2017 |title=مصطفى كريم: سعيد بتسجيلي أول أهدافي مع النوارس - وكالة سبورت كَرام |url=http://www.sportgram.net/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%D9%89-%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A3%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216151706/http://www.sportgram.net/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%D9%89-%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A3%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7/ |archive-date=16 December 2017 |access-date=22 January 2017}}</ref> == Nasarorin Kulob == '''2004-2005''' * Mustafa Karim ya lashe kyautar gwarzon dan wasan gaba a gasar Iraqi League da kwallaye 16, kuma yana da shekaru 17 kacal. '''2005-2006''' * Mustafa Karim shi ne wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar Iraqi League da kwallaye 14, kuma yana da shekaru 18 kacal. '''2006-2007''' * Mustafa Karim ya lashe gasar League ta farko tare da Arbil FC . '''2007-2008''' * Mustafa Karim ya koma ƙungiyar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] ta ƙasar Masar * An zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasan waje mafi kyau a gasar Premier ta Masar ta 2007. '''2008-2009''' * Fitattun 'yan wasan da suka fi zura kwallaye a gasar Premier ta Masar sun zo na biyu da kwallaye 11, inda suka biyo bayan manyan 'yan wasan da suka fi zura kwallaye a gasar. * Wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar Premier ta Masar tare da [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]], dole ne ya buga wasan share fage da Al Ahly domin ya lashe gasar. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] 7jupdqvvvlbrxqymjrbgp7shic6gmt9 843244 843243 2026-05-30T08:10:23Z Engineer014 44591 843244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} ''''Mustafa Karim Abdullah''' ( Arabic ; an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Yuli 1987) manajan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Iraki kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. Ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba, kuma an san shi da iya cin kwallaye da ƙafafu biyu. == Sana'a: Matasa, Gasar Olympics da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa == === Ƙungiyar Matasa === A shekarar 2005, Mustafa Karim ya shiga ƙungiyar matasan Iraki a gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar matasa ta AFC, inda ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba shi damar shiga gasar cin kofin matasa ta AFC, sannan ya tura Iraki zuwa gasar cin kofin matasa ta AFC ta 2006, amma bai samu damar shiga ƙungiyar ba saboda rauni. === Ƙungiyar Olympics === A shekara ta 2006, Mustafa Karim ya lashe lambar Azurfa a wasannin Asiya tare da tawagar 'yan wasan Olympics ta Iraki. Mustafa Karim ya zura kwallaye 4 a wasannin Asiya, kwallaye 2 a kan Indonesia da kuma kwallo daya a kan Singapore a zagaye na 1, yayin da kwallo ta hudu ya zura kwallo mafi daraja a kan Malaysia, Iraki ce ke kan gaba a wasan da ci 3-0 da Malaysia, kuma Iraki ta bukaci nasara da ci 4-0 don isa wasan kusa da na karshe a matsayin wanda ya fi kowa matsayi na biyu, Mustafa Karim ya maye gurbinsa kuma ya zura kwallo ta 4 tun daga farko da ya tura tawagar 'yan wasan Olympics ta Iraki zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe. A shekara ta 2007, ƙungiyar wasannin Olympics ta Iraq ta kasa samun cancantar shiga gasar Olympics ta 2008 kuma ta kare a bayan Australia da maki 1, Mustafa Karim ya buga mafi yawan wasannin cancantar shiga gasar Olympics a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa, kuma ya zira kwallaye 2 kacal. === Tawagar Ƙasa === A shekarar 2008, Mustafa Karim ya fara bugawa tawagar kasar Iraki wasa a wasan sada zumunta da Jordan a ranar 24 ga Janairun 2008. == Al Zawraa == Mustafa Karim Ya sanya hannu a matsayin zakaran Iraqi Al Zawraa daga Naft Al Wasat a lokacin musayar 'yan wasa na Janairu na 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a zagaye na biyu a wasan da suka yi da Al-Hedood kuma ya zura kwallon da ta ba shi nasara a lokacin da wasan ya kusa karewa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2017 |title=مصطفى كريم: سعيد بتسجيلي أول أهدافي مع النوارس - وكالة سبورت كَرام |url=http://www.sportgram.net/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%D9%89-%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A3%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216151706/http://www.sportgram.net/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%D9%89-%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A3%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7/ |archive-date=16 December 2017 |access-date=22 January 2017}}</ref> == Nasarorin Kulob == '''2004-2005''' * Mustafa Karim ya lashe kyautar gwarzon dan wasan gaba a gasar Iraqi League da kwallaye 16, kuma yana da shekaru 17 kacal. '''2005-2006''' * Mustafa Karim shi ne wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar Iraqi League da kwallaye 14, kuma yana da shekaru 18 kacal. '''2006-2007''' * Mustafa Karim ya lashe gasar League ta farko tare da Arbil FC . '''2007-2008''' * Mustafa Karim ya koma ƙungiyar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] ta ƙasar Masar * An zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasan waje mafi kyau a gasar Premier ta Masar ta 2007. '''2008-2009''' * Fitattun 'yan wasan da suka fi zura kwallaye a gasar Premier ta Masar sun zo na biyu da kwallaye 11, inda suka biyo bayan manyan 'yan wasan da suka fi zura kwallaye a gasar. * Wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar Premier ta Masar tare da [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]], dole ne ya buga wasan share fage da Al Ahly domin ya lashe gasar. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] d5q0m61jw2op6akcxr4llki4uh071d3 0 153395 843246 2026-05-30T08:13:48Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330094896|Patrick Kaddu]]" 843246 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patrick Henry Kaddu''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Oktoba 1995) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Uganda wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar Kitara ta Uganda da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Uganda . <ref name="BerkaneJoin">{{Cite web |last=Kaweru |first=Franklin |date=21 August 2019 |title=Uganda Cranes striker completes move to Moroccan side RS Berkane |url=https://kawowo.com/2019/08/21/patrick-kaddu-uganda-cranes-striker-completes-move-to-moroccan-side-rs-berkane/ |access-date=20 October 2019 |publisher=[[Kawowo Sports]]}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Patrick Henry Kaddu a cikin iyali mai mutane shida ga Efusa Nsubuga da Hadija Nakitende. Kaddu shi ne ɗan shekara huɗu kuma ya girma a Bbiina a tsakiyar Luzira, wani yanki na birnin [[Kampala]] . Kamar dukkan 'yan uwansa, Kaddu yana da matsala a fannin ilimi, sau da yawa yana tsallake makarantar renon yara ta Mukama Kyakuwa da makarantar firamare ta St James saboda rashin biyan kuɗin makaranta. Amma bayan dagewa sosai, a shekarar 2005, Kaddu ya kammala [[Ilimi a Uganda|Jarrabawar Firamare]], kodayake bai sami sakamakonsa ba saboda bai biya kuɗin makarantar ba. Duk da haka, wannan ita ce mafi ƙarancin matsalar kamar yadda yake a wancan lokacin, mahaifinsa ya sayar da gidansu, ya ɓace, ya bar sauran iyalin gida. Mahaifiyarsa ta bar Luzira don neman ƙarin kuɗi, amma Kaddu ya ci gaba da zama a Luzira, kuma yana rayuwa shi kaɗai, yana bin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙauyensa Destiny Soccer Academy. == Aikin kulob == Kaddu ya fara shiga ƙungiyar Maroons a shekarar 2011, amma bai samu damar buga wasa nan take ba saboda manyan 'yan wasa kamar George Abege, Ibrahim Kongo da Pate Wanok. Ya bar su a shekarar 2014, bayan sun faɗi ƙasa, don su haɗu da Kiira Young a gasar zakarun Turai a kakar wasa ta 2014–15. Ya zira kwallaye 6 a gasar kafin a fitar da Kiira. Daga nan ya koma Maroons a kakar wasa ta 2015–16 kuma shi ne ya fi zura kwallaye a kulob din da kwallaye takwas, duk da cewa an fitar da kulob din daga gasar. A gasar FUFA Big League a kakar wasa ta 2016–2017, Kaddu ya zaburar da su komawa UPL. Shi ne wanda ya fi zura kwallaye a FBL da kwallaye 18 a wasanni 22. A shekarar 2017, Kaddu ya koma KCCA, amma bai samu damar yin wasa mai yawa ba tun farko daga koci Mike Mutebi . A watan Yunin 2018, ya jagoranci tawagar KCCA da Vipers a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin Uganda a Bukedea, kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a kwallon da kungiyarsa ta ci, sannan ya kammala gasar da wanda ya fi zura kwallaye da kwallaye 7. <ref name="CupTopScorer">{{Cite web |last=Among |first=Salume |date=10 June 2018 |title=KCCA Defends Uganda Cup |url=https://ugandaradionetwork.com/story/kcca-defending-champions-uganda-cup-2018 |access-date=23 June 2019 |agency=[[Uganda Radio Network]]}}</ref> A lokacin shekaru 2 da ya yi a KCCA, Kaddu ya zura kwallaye 32 a wasanni 64 da ya buga wa kungiyar da ke Lugogo. <ref name="MutebiKaddu">{{Cite web |last=Muyita |first=Joel |date=22 August 2019 |title=Kaddu departure doesn’t render KCCA FC weak |url=https://kawowo.com/2019/08/22/mutebi-kaddus-departure-doesnt-render-kcca-fc-weak/ |access-date=20 October 2019 |publisher=Kawowo Sports}}</ref> === RS Berkane === A watan Agusta na 2019, Kaddu ya koma RS Berkane kan yarjejeniyar shekaru 4. <ref name="BerkaneJoin">{{Cite web |last=Kaweru |first=Franklin |date=21 August 2019 |title=Uganda Cranes striker completes move to Moroccan side RS Berkane |url=https://kawowo.com/2019/08/21/patrick-kaddu-uganda-cranes-striker-completes-move-to-moroccan-side-rs-berkane/ |access-date=20 October 2019 |publisher=[[Kawowo Sports]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKaweru2019">Kaweru, Franklin (21 August 2019). [https://kawowo.com/2019/08/21/patrick-kaddu-uganda-cranes-striker-completes-move-to-moroccan-side-rs-berkane/ "Uganda Cranes striker completes move to Moroccan side RS Berkane"]. [[Kawowo Sports]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="MutebiKaddu">{{Cite web |last=Muyita |first=Joel |date=22 August 2019 |title=Kaddu departure doesn’t render KCCA FC weak |url=https://kawowo.com/2019/08/22/mutebi-kaddus-departure-doesnt-render-kcca-fc-weak/ |access-date=20 October 2019 |publisher=Kawowo Sports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMuyita2019">Muyita, Joel (22 August 2019). [https://kawowo.com/2019/08/22/mutebi-kaddus-departure-doesnt-render-kcca-fc-weak/ "Kaddu departure doesn't render KCCA FC weak"]. Kawowo Sports<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> ==== Aron kuɗi ga Ismaily SC ==== A watan Fabrairun 2020, Kaddu ya koma [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon watanni shida har zuwa ranar 30 ga Yuni, 2020 tare da zaɓin siyan sa akan kusan dala dubu 100. A ranar 9 ga Maris, 2020 ya zira kwallonsa ta farko ga [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] a wasan da suka yi da El Gouna FC wanda ya ci 1-1. Duk da haka, ƙungiyar Masar ta yanke shawarar kada ta fara siyan. === Youssoufia Berrechid === A ranar 5 ga Disamba 2020, Kaddu ya koma kulob din Botola Youssoufia Berrechid kan yarjejeniyar da za ta kare a kakar wasa mai zuwa. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 2018, Kaddu ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a duniya a wasan da suka doke Cape Verde da ci 1-0 a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2019, wanda hakan ya tabbatar da cancantar Uganda a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2019. A ranar 12 ga Yuni 2019, an sanya Kaddu a cikin tawagar 'yan wasa 23 na Uganda don gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2019 a [[Misra|Masar]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 June 2019 |title=Uganda Cranes coach Desabre named the final squad |url=https://www.cafonline.com/total-africa-cup-of-nations/news/uganda-cranes-coach-desabre-named-the-final-squad |access-date=23 June 2019 |publisher=[[Confederation of African Football|CAF]]}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Yuni 2019, ya zura kwallaye a wasan farko da suka doke [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta DR Congo|DR Congo]] da ci 2-0. <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|accessdate=23 June 2019}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] eyq664ae3kkwjmv96mk7s42ec8ezrus 843247 843246 2026-05-30T08:14:25Z Engineer014 44591 843247 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Patrick Henry Kaddu''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Oktoba 1995) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Uganda wanda ke buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar Kitara ta Uganda da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Uganda . <ref name="BerkaneJoin">{{Cite web |last=Kaweru |first=Franklin |date=21 August 2019 |title=Uganda Cranes striker completes move to Moroccan side RS Berkane |url=https://kawowo.com/2019/08/21/patrick-kaddu-uganda-cranes-striker-completes-move-to-moroccan-side-rs-berkane/ |access-date=20 October 2019 |publisher=[[Kawowo Sports]]}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Patrick Henry Kaddu a cikin iyali mai mutane shida ga Efusa Nsubuga da Hadija Nakitende. Kaddu shi ne ɗan shekara huɗu kuma ya girma a Bbiina a tsakiyar Luzira, wani yanki na birnin [[Kampala]] . Kamar dukkan 'yan uwansa, Kaddu yana da matsala a fannin ilimi, sau da yawa yana tsallake makarantar renon yara ta Mukama Kyakuwa da makarantar firamare ta St James saboda rashin biyan kuɗin makaranta. Amma bayan dagewa sosai, a shekarar 2005, Kaddu ya kammala [[Ilimi a Uganda|Jarrabawar Firamare]], kodayake bai sami sakamakonsa ba saboda bai biya kuɗin makarantar ba. Duk da haka, wannan ita ce mafi ƙarancin matsalar kamar yadda yake a wancan lokacin, mahaifinsa ya sayar da gidansu, ya ɓace, ya bar sauran iyalin gida. Mahaifiyarsa ta bar Luzira don neman ƙarin kuɗi, amma Kaddu ya ci gaba da zama a Luzira, kuma yana rayuwa shi kaɗai, yana bin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙauyensa Destiny Soccer Academy. == Aikin kulob == Kaddu ya fara shiga ƙungiyar Maroons a shekarar 2011, amma bai samu damar buga wasa nan take ba saboda manyan 'yan wasa kamar George Abege, Ibrahim Kongo da Pate Wanok. Ya bar su a shekarar 2014, bayan sun faɗi ƙasa, don su haɗu da Kiira Young a gasar zakarun Turai a kakar wasa ta 2014–15. Ya zira kwallaye 6 a gasar kafin a fitar da Kiira. Daga nan ya koma Maroons a kakar wasa ta 2015–16 kuma shi ne ya fi zura kwallaye a kulob din da kwallaye takwas, duk da cewa an fitar da kulob din daga gasar. A gasar FUFA Big League a kakar wasa ta 2016–2017, Kaddu ya zaburar da su komawa UPL. Shi ne wanda ya fi zura kwallaye a FBL da kwallaye 18 a wasanni 22. A shekarar 2017, Kaddu ya koma KCCA, amma bai samu damar yin wasa mai yawa ba tun farko daga koci Mike Mutebi . A watan Yunin 2018, ya jagoranci tawagar KCCA da Vipers a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin Uganda a Bukedea, kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a kwallon da kungiyarsa ta ci, sannan ya kammala gasar da wanda ya fi zura kwallaye da kwallaye 7. <ref name="CupTopScorer">{{Cite web |last=Among |first=Salume |date=10 June 2018 |title=KCCA Defends Uganda Cup |url=https://ugandaradionetwork.com/story/kcca-defending-champions-uganda-cup-2018 |access-date=23 June 2019 |agency=[[Uganda Radio Network]]}}</ref> A lokacin shekaru 2 da ya yi a KCCA, Kaddu ya zura kwallaye 32 a wasanni 64 da ya buga wa kungiyar da ke Lugogo. <ref name="MutebiKaddu">{{Cite web |last=Muyita |first=Joel |date=22 August 2019 |title=Kaddu departure doesn’t render KCCA FC weak |url=https://kawowo.com/2019/08/22/mutebi-kaddus-departure-doesnt-render-kcca-fc-weak/ |access-date=20 October 2019 |publisher=Kawowo Sports}}</ref> === RS Berkane === A watan Agusta na 2019, Kaddu ya koma RS Berkane kan yarjejeniyar shekaru 4. <ref name="BerkaneJoin">{{Cite web |last=Kaweru |first=Franklin |date=21 August 2019 |title=Uganda Cranes striker completes move to Moroccan side RS Berkane |url=https://kawowo.com/2019/08/21/patrick-kaddu-uganda-cranes-striker-completes-move-to-moroccan-side-rs-berkane/ |access-date=20 October 2019 |publisher=[[Kawowo Sports]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKaweru2019">Kaweru, Franklin (21 August 2019). [https://kawowo.com/2019/08/21/patrick-kaddu-uganda-cranes-striker-completes-move-to-moroccan-side-rs-berkane/ "Uganda Cranes striker completes move to Moroccan side RS Berkane"]. [[Kawowo Sports]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="MutebiKaddu">{{Cite web |last=Muyita |first=Joel |date=22 August 2019 |title=Kaddu departure doesn’t render KCCA FC weak |url=https://kawowo.com/2019/08/22/mutebi-kaddus-departure-doesnt-render-kcca-fc-weak/ |access-date=20 October 2019 |publisher=Kawowo Sports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMuyita2019">Muyita, Joel (22 August 2019). [https://kawowo.com/2019/08/22/mutebi-kaddus-departure-doesnt-render-kcca-fc-weak/ "Kaddu departure doesn't render KCCA FC weak"]. Kawowo Sports<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> ==== Aron kuɗi ga Ismaily SC ==== A watan Fabrairun 2020, Kaddu ya koma [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon watanni shida har zuwa ranar 30 ga Yuni, 2020 tare da zaɓin siyan sa akan kusan dala dubu 100. A ranar 9 ga Maris, 2020 ya zira kwallonsa ta farko ga [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] a wasan da suka yi da El Gouna FC wanda ya ci 1-1. Duk da haka, ƙungiyar Masar ta yanke shawarar kada ta fara siyan. === Youssoufia Berrechid === A ranar 5 ga Disamba 2020, Kaddu ya koma kulob din Botola Youssoufia Berrechid kan yarjejeniyar da za ta kare a kakar wasa mai zuwa. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 2018, Kaddu ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a duniya a wasan da suka doke Cape Verde da ci 1-0 a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2019, wanda hakan ya tabbatar da cancantar Uganda a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2019. A ranar 12 ga Yuni 2019, an sanya Kaddu a cikin tawagar 'yan wasa 23 na Uganda don gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2019 a [[Misra|Masar]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 June 2019 |title=Uganda Cranes coach Desabre named the final squad |url=https://www.cafonline.com/total-africa-cup-of-nations/news/uganda-cranes-coach-desabre-named-the-final-squad |access-date=23 June 2019 |publisher=[[Confederation of African Football|CAF]]}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Yuni 2019, ya zura kwallaye a wasan farko da suka doke [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta DR Congo|DR Congo]] da ci 2-0. <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|accessdate=23 June 2019}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8kzkhja7spnwkp2hgu12dobl8g30pgk 0 153396 843250 2026-05-30T08:19:37Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348636688|Humam Tariq]]" 843250 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Humam Tariq Faraj Naoush''' ( Arabic An haife shi a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 1994) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Iraki wanda ke buga wa ƙungiyar Al-Talaba SC da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Iraki wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan gefe]] . Ya kuma buga wa ƙungiyar Esteghlal FC wasa tsakanin 2018 da 2019. An daɗe ana ɗaukar Tariq a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasar Iraki. Ya wakilci ƙasar Iraki a gasar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 22, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 da kuma ta ƙasa da ƙasa, inda ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa wasa yana da shekara 16, wanda hakan ya sanya shi ɗan ƙasar Iraki mafi ƙarancin shekaru a tarihi da ya wakilci babbar ƙungiyar. Humam ya wakilci ƙasar Iraki a gasar Olympics ta Rio a shekarar 2016, inda ya buga dukkan wasanni 3 na ƙasar Iraki da Denmark, Brazil da Afirka ta Kudu. Tariq ya kuma buga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta 2013, inda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan Iraki yayin da 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 suka yi nasarar zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. A matakin manyan 'yan wasa, ya buga wasa a gasar cin kofin Asiya ta AFC ta 2015, inda suka doke abokan hamayyarsu suka kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Tariq ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa tun yana ƙarami kuma sau da yawa yana shiga wasannin gida kuma ana iya ganinsa yana wasa tun yana ƙarami a bainar jama'a. Daga ƙarshe wannan ya jawo hankalin manyan ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa [[Bagdaza|na Baghdad]] . Ya yanke shawarar cewa yana son yin aiki a ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma tun yana ƙarami yana wasa da manyan yara a filayen ƙwallon ƙafa na Shaabiya kusa da inda ya girma kafin ya shiga ƙungiyoyin matasa a makarantar Al-Zawraa ta ƙattai ta Iraki. Ya zauna tare da Al Zawraa na 'yan watanni amma daga baya ya yanke shawarar cewa yana son bugawa ƙungiyarsa ta Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, wadda ya shiga a shekarar 2007 yana da shekaru 11. <ref name="ACUP">{{Cite web |last=Mubarak |first=Hassanin |title=Profile of Iraq's 23-Man 2015 Asian Cup Squad |url=https://iraqsport.wordpress.com/2014/12/29/profiles-of-iraqs-23-man-2015-asian-cup-squad//}}</ref> <ref name="Humam Tariq full scout report - Outside of the Boot">{{Cite web |last=Mubarak |first=Hassanin |date=29 April 2015 |title=Scout Report – Humam Tariq: Al Dhafra SCC and Iraq's talented youngster |url=http://outsideoftheboot.com/2015/04/29/scout-report-humam-tariq-al-dhafra-scc-and-iraqs-talented-youngster/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160516101043/http://outsideoftheboot.com/2015/04/29/scout-report-humam-tariq-al-dhafra-scc-and-iraqs-talented-youngster/ |archive-date=16 May 2016 |access-date=29 June 2015 |website=Outside of the Boot}}</ref> === Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya === ==== 2009–10 ==== Tun yana ƙarami, Tariq ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, ta hanyar shiga makarantar Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, inda ya ci gaba da samun ci gaba har zuwa shekarar 2010, ya shiga ƙungiyar manyan 'yan wasa yana ɗan shekara 14 kacal <ref name="Humam Tariq talks to Al-Bayyina">{{Cite web |title=Humam Tariq, the Olympic team and Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya player to Al-Bayyina |url=http://www.al-bayyna.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=52083 |website=Al-Bayyina |language=ar}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar manyan 'yan wasa wasa, a gasar Firimiya ta Iraki ta 2009–10 . Ya fara buga wasa da ƙungiyar Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, a ranar 26 ga Mayu 2010, a wasan da suka yi da ƙungiyar Salahaddin FC, inda wasan ya ƙare da nasara 2-0 ga ƙungiyar Al-Jawiya . <ref name="Humam Tariq Jawiya debut - Goalzz">{{Cite web |title=All Soccer Matches on 26 May 2010 |url=http://www.goalzz.com/?region=-1&area=0&dd=26&mm=5&yy=2010 |website=Goalzz}}</ref> ==== 2010–11 ==== Ya buga wasa a kowane wasa biyu ko uku a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa. Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya ta kare a matsayi na 2 a matakin rukuni, inda ta cancanci zuwa wasan da ya zo na uku, inda suka sha kashi a hannun Al-Sinaa SC da ci 0-1. <ref name="Iraq 2010/11">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 2010/11 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/iraq2011.html |website=RSSSF}}</ref> ==== 2011–12 ==== Tariq ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a kakar wasa ta uku da Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, a ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2012, a wasan da suka yi da Zakho FC, mintuna uku bayan fara wasan, wanda ya ƙare da kunnen doki 1-1. <ref name="Soccerway (27 April 2012)">{{Cite web |title=Zakho vs. Al Quwa Al Jawiya – 27 April 2012 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/04/27/iraq/iraqi-league/zakho/al-quwa-al-jawiya/1221816/?ICID=PL_MS_25 |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya zura kwallonsa ta biyu a wasan da suka yi da Al-Sinaa, wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara 2-1 ga Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya . <ref name="Soccerway (12 July 2012)">{{Cite web |title=Al Sinaa vs. Al Quwa Al Jawiya – 12 July 2012 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/07/12/iraq/iraqi-league/al-sinaah/al-quwa-al-jawiya/1221835/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya zura kwallonsa ta uku a wasan da suka yi da Arbil FC, wanda ya ƙare da kunnen doki 1-1. <ref name="Soccerway (16 August 2012)">{{Cite web |title=Arbil vs. Al Quwa Al Jawiya |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/08/16/iraq/iraqi-league/arbil/al-quwa-al-jawiya/1221898/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya zura kwallaye uku kacal a wannan kakar. Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya ta kare a matsayi na 3 a teburin gasar, da maki 74, yayin da Arbil FC ta zama zakara, da maki 83. <ref name="Iraq 2011/12">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 2011/12 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/iraq2012.html |website=RSSSF}}</ref> ==== 2012–13 ==== A gasar Firimiya ta Iraki ta 2012-13, Tariq ya ci kwallo ɗaya tilo a ragar Kirkuk FC . <ref name="Soccerway (7 December 2012)">{{Cite web |title=Kirkuk vs. Al Quwa Al Jawiya – 7 December 2012 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/12/17/iraq/iraqi-league/kirkuk/al-quwa-al-jawiya/1421756/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya ta kare a matsayi na 3, da maki 69, yayin da Al Shorta SC ta zama zakara, da maki 72, yayin da Tariq bai kammala kakar wasa ta lig ba. <ref name="Iraq 2012/13">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 2012/13 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/iraq2013.html |website=RSSSF}}</ref> A gasar cin kofin UAFA Club Cup ta 2012-13, Tariq ya zura kwallo a raga, a zagayen farko na wasan, a kan Shabab Al-Dhahiriya SC daga [[Ƙasar Falasɗinu|Falasdinu]], wanda ya ƙare da nasara 3-0 ga Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya . <ref name="2012/13 UAFA Club Cup - Round 1">{{Cite web |title=2012/13 UAFA Club Cup – Round 1 |url=http://www.kooora.com/?c=6933&stage=2 |website=Kooora |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq bai ci gaba da zama tare da Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya ba har sai da aka kammala gasar. Daga ƙarshe, an fitar da Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, a zagayen kwata-kwata, ta hannun Raja Casablanca daga [[Moroko|Morocco]] . <ref name="2012/13 UAFA Club Cup - Quarterfinals">{{Cite web |title=2012/13 UAFA Club Cup – Quarterfinals |url=http://www.kooora.com/?c=6933&stage=3 |website=Kooora |language=ar}}</ref> A kwanakin ƙarshe na Tariq a ƙungiyar, a ranar 24 ga Mayu 2014, shugabannin ƙungiyar sun ci shi tarar dala $10,000 saboda Tariq bai halarci sansanin horar da ƙungiyarsa a Sulaymaniyah ba. === Al Ahli === A ranar 29 ga Janairu 2013, yana da shekaru 16, Tariq ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar dala $9,582 a kowane mako tare da Al-Ahli, wanda ya saye shi kan € 600,000, don ya buga musu wasa na tsawon shekaru 5, tare da ƙarin kuɗi da kuma ƙarin kuɗi. Al Ahli ya kuma samar wa Tariq gida a [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]], mota ta sirri da kuma jigilar kaya kyauta tsakanin [[Bagdaza|Baghdad]] da [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]] ga Tariq da iyalinsa. <ref name="Humam Tariq's contract">{{Cite web |title=Humam Tariq and Al-Ahli |url=http://forum.kooora.com/?t=32106250 |website=Kooora |language=ar}}</ref> Duk da cewa Tariq ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar a watan Janairun 2013, sai da ya jira na tsawon shekara guda kafin ya shiga ƙungiyar, saboda ba zai kai shekara 18 ba sai a ranar 10 ga Fabrairun 2014, a lokacin ne ba a ba shi izinin shiga sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ba. <ref name="Humam Tariq's contract" /> An ba shi aro ga Al Dhafra bayan ya buga wasanni biyu na abokantaka da Al Ahli. ==== An kasa cimma matsaya kan canja wurin zuwa Turkiyya ==== A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2015, Al-Ahli ta sami tayin hukuma daga wata ƙungiyar Turkiyya da ba a bayyana sunanta ba don siyan Tariq ko kuma aron sa. Bayan kwana biyar, wakilin Tariq, Najm Mohammed, ya bayyana cewa tattaunawar da aka yi tsakanin ƙungiyar Turkiyya da ba a ambaci sunanta ba da Al-Ahli ta wargaje bayan da Al-Ahli ta nemi dala 400,000 don Humam amma ƙungiyar ba ta son biyan fiye da dala 200,000 ba. Al-Ahli ta sami tayin daga wata ƙungiya a gasar [[Süper Lig]] kuma Bursaspor ce. Da farko Al-Ahli ta amince da tayin. Amma, kuma, a ranar 30 ga Yuni, wakilin Tariq ya sanar da cewa yarjejeniyar ta gaza, a cikin mintuna na ƙarshe, saboda Bursaspor ta bayar da ƙarancin kuɗi kuma Al-Ahli ta ƙi tayin. A watan Yulin 2015, ƙungiyoyi biyu daga gasar Premier ta Iraki sun nuna sha'awar siyan Tariq, ƙungiyarsa ta ƙarshe, Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, da Al Shorta . ==== Al Dhafra (rance) ==== A ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2014, an ba Tariq aro ga Al Dhafra, ba tare da buga wasa ɗaya ba a hukumance ga Al-Ahli . Kwantiragin aronsa ya bayyana cewa Tariq zai buga wa Al Dhafra wasa a kakar wasa ta 2014-15, wanda za a iya tsawaita shi. Tariq ya buga wasansa na farko, a kakar wasa ta 2014-15, a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, da Emirates Club . Ya buga na tsawon mintuna 77 kuma an cire shi daga wasa saboda Ali Al-Hammadi . <ref name="Al Dhafra vs. Emirates - 5 October 2014">{{Cite web |title=Al Dhafra vs. Emirates – 5 October 2014 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2014/10/05/united-arab-emirates/premier-league/al-dhafra/emirates-club-ras-al-khaimah/1714751/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya zura kwallonsa ta farko tare da Al Dhafra a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, a kan Al-Ittihad Kalba, a minti na 19, ya jefa kwallon daga wajen akwatin bugun fenariti zuwa kusurwar dama na kwallon, daga bugun daga hannun Makhete Diop . <ref name="Debut Goal - Dhafra - Youtube">{{Cite web |title=Goal of Humam Tariq against Ittihad Kalba in the UAE Pro League (29/11/2014) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-f4WWpN3a-s |website=Youtube |language=ar}}</ref> Kwallonsa ta biyu da Al Dhafra ta kasance daya daga cikin kwallaye mafi sauri a gasar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, a ranar 10 ga Mayu 2015, a minti na 4, a kan Al-Shabab . Tariq ya kammala kakar wasa ta lig tare da Al Dhafra a matsayi na 12 da maki 26, wuri daya kacal daga faduwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=2014–15 UAE Arabian Gulf League |url=https://int.soccerway.com/national/united-arab-emirates/premier-league/20142015/regular-season/r26021/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> A gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasar UAE, Tariq ya buga wasan Al Dhafra a zagaye na 16, a ranar 15 ga Mayu 2015. Ya samu taimako a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ga Bilal Najjarine daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, wanda Tariq ya yi masa har zuwa kan Bilal. Tariq ya ji rauni, a wannan wasan, sakamakon raunin tsoka. Al Dhafra ya yi nasara da ci 7-6 a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Al-Fujerah vs. Al-Dhafra – 15 May 2015 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/05/15/united-arab-emirates/presidents-cup/ahli-al-fujirah/al-dhafra/1699521/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> A wasan kusa da na karshe, Tariq ya fara wasan da Ajman, inda ya sake samun taimako a bugun farko, ta hanyar ketare kwallon zuwa kan Makhete Diop da kuma shiga raga, a minti na 62. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Al Dhafra 2–0 Ajman – UAE President's Cup 2014–2015 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkrjxXFjR0s |website=Youtube}}</ref> Wasan ya ƙare da nasara 2-0 ga Al Dhafra. A wasan kusa da na karshe, da Al-Ahli, ba a bar Tariq ya buga wasa ba saboda yarjejeniyar abokantaka tsakanin Al Dhafra da Al Ahli wadda ba ta ba shi damar buga wasa da Al Ahli ba. Al Dhafra ya sha kashi a wasan da ci 0-2. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mustafa |first=Sayyid |date=31 May 2015 |title=Al-Ahli defeats Al-Dhafra and qualifies to the final |url=http://www.emaratalyoum.com/sports/local/2015-05-31-1.789131 |website=Emirates Today |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya kammala kakar wasa da ƙungiyarsa da aka ba shi aro da jimillar wasanni 22, waɗanda suka haɗa da kwallaye 2 da kuma taimakawa 2. <ref name="Humam Tariq - Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=Humam Tariq |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/humam-tarek--/241430/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Bayan ƙarshen kakar wasa, Al Dhafra bai nuna sha'awar tsawaita kwantiragin Tariq ba. Saboda haka, ya koma Al-Ahli. === Ismaily SC === A ranar 2 ga Agusta 2019, Ismaily ya amince ya sayi ɗan wasan gefe na Iraqi '''Humam Tariq''' a matsayin ɗan wasa mai zaman kansa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 August 2019 |title=Ismaily signs the Iraqi winger Humam Tariq |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2019/08/02/ismaily-tariq-humam/ |publisher=Kingfut |language=en}}</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko da '''Ismaily''' a ranar 13 ga Satumba 2019 a wasan zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin zakarun Larabawa da Al-Ahly SC (Benghazi) bayan an maye gurbinsa a rabin na biyu na wasan. Wasan ya ƙare da nasara 4-2 ga '''Ismaily''' <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2019 |title=Ismaily down Ahli Benghazi 4–2 in Zayed Club Champions Cup |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2019/09/13/ismaily-benghazi/ |publisher=Kingfut |language=en}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A ranar 30 ga Disamba 2012, Tariq ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Iraqi, inda ya fafata da Tunisia, a wasan sada zumunci da ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 2-1 a hannun Iraki. <ref name="Iraq vs. Tunisia - 30 December 2012">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. Tunisia – 30 December 2012 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/12/30/world/friendlies/iraq/tunisia/1415985/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> A wannan ranar, Tariq, ya zama ɗan wasa mafi ƙarancin shekaru a tarihin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Iraki da ya sanya rigar ƙasar Iraki yana da shekaru 16. <ref name="ACUP">{{Cite web |last=Mubarak |first=Hassanin |title=Profile of Iraq's 23-Man 2015 Asian Cup Squad |url=https://iraqsport.wordpress.com/2014/12/29/profiles-of-iraqs-23-man-2015-asian-cup-squad//}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMubarak">Mubarak, Hassanin. [https://iraqsport.wordpress.com/2014/12/29/profiles-of-iraqs-23-man-2015-asian-cup-squad// "Profile of Iraq's 23-Man 2015 Asian Cup Squad"].</cite></ref> === Kofin Gulf na 2013 === Gasar cin kofin Gulf ta 2013 ita ce gasar da ta jagoranci Tariq ga nasara kuma ta sa shi ya haskaka. Ya fara wasan farko na Iraki, a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|dan wasan gefe na hagu]], da Saudiyya, wanda ya ƙare da nasara 2-0 ga Iraki. <ref name="Iraq 2-0 Saudi Arabia - 6 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 2–0 Saudi Arabia |url=http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=340&period=21 |website=Gulf Cup |language=ar}}</ref> <ref name="Iraq vs. Saudi Arabia - 6 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. Saudi Arabia – 6 January 2013 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/01/06/asia/gulf-cup/saudi-arabia/iraq/1404981/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya ci gaba da fara wasa na biyu na Iraki, da Kuwait, wanda ya ƙare da nasara 1-0 ga Iraki. <ref name="Kuwait 0-1 Iraq - 9 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Kuwait 0–1 Iraq |url=http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=343&period=21 |website=Gulf Cup |language=ar}}</ref> <ref name="Iraq vs. Kuwait - 9 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. Kuwait – 9 January 2013 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/01/09/asia/gulf-cup/iraq/kuwait/1404982/?ICID=PL_MS_05 |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> A wasa na uku na Iraki, da Yemen, Tariq ya ci gaba da zama a benci, an maye gurbinsa da Nabeel Sabah a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na hagu. Wasan ya ƙare da nasara 2-0 ga Iraki. <ref name="Yemen 0-2 Iraq - 12 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Yemen 0–2 Iraq |url=http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=348&period=21 |website=Gulf Cup |language=ar}}</ref> <ref name="Iraq vs. Yemen - 12 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. Yemen – 12 January 2013 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/01/12/asia/gulf-cup/iraq/yemen/1404985/?ICID=PL_MS_09 |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya fara wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da Bahrain . Wasan ya tafi ƙarin lokaci sannan kuma bugun fenariti, bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1. Iraki ta yi nasara 4-2 a bugun fenariti. <ref name="Bahrain 3-5 Iraq - 15 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Bahrain 3–5 Iraq |url=http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=350&period=21 |website=Gulf Cup |language=ar}}</ref> <ref name="Iraq vs. Bahrain - 15 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. Bahrain – 15 January 2013 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/01/15/asia/gulf-cup/iraq/bahrain/1418681/?ICID=PL_MS_02 |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> A wasan ƙarshe, Tariq ya fara a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na hagu]], da UAE, a wasan da ya ƙare da rashin nasara 2-1 ga Iraki. Saboda haka, Iraki ta zama ta biyu a bugun 2013. <ref name="Iraq 1-2 UAE - 18 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 1–2 UAE |url=http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=352&period=21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129112506/http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=352&period=21 |archive-date=29 November 2014 |access-date=14 May 2015 |website=Gulf Cup |language=ar}}</ref> <ref name="Iraq vs. UAE - 18 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. UAE – 18 January 2013 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/01/18/asia/gulf-cup/united-arab-emirates/iraq/1418682/?ICID=PL_MS_01 |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> === Gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Asiya ta AFC ta 2015 === Tariq ya bayar da gudummawa a wasanni 4 daga cikin jimillar wasanni 6 da ya buga wa Iraki a gasar cin kofin Asiya ta AFC ta 2015. Sakamakon wasannin ya kasance nasara 1-0 da Indonesia a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2013, <ref name="Iraq 1-0 Indonesia - 6 February 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 1–0 Indonesia – 6 February 2013 |url=http://www.the-afc.com/afcasfeeds?fixtureid=6942&stageid=273&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary |website=AFC ASIAN CUP AUSTRALIA 2015}}</ref> rashin nasara 0-1 da China a ranar 22 ga Maris, <ref name="China 1-0 Iraq - 22 March 2013">{{Cite web |title=China 1–0 Iraq – 22 March 2013 |url=http://www.the-afc.com/afcasfeeds?fixtureid=6945&stageid=273&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary |website=AFC ASIAN CUP AUSTRALIA 2015}}</ref> rashin nasara 1-2 da Saudi Arabia a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, <ref name="Saudi Arabia 2-1 Iraq - 15 November 2013">{{Cite web |title=Saudi Arabia 2–1 Iraq – 15 November 2013 |url=http://www.the-afc.com/afcasfeeds?fixtureid=6949&stageid=273&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary |website=AFC ASIAN CUP AUSTRALIA 2015}}</ref> da kuma nasara 2-0 da Indonesia a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba. <ref name="Indonesia 0-2 Iraq - 19 November 2013">{{Cite web |title=Indonesia 0–2 Iraq – 19 November 2013 |url=http://www.the-afc.com/afcasfeeds?fixtureid=6950&stageid=273&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary |website=AFC ASIAN CUP AUSTRALIA 2015}}</ref> Daga ƙarshe, Iraki ta cancanci shiga gasar cin kofin Asiya ta AFC ta 2015 ta hanyar cin nasara 3-1 da China, inda Tariq ba ta cikin tawagar. <ref name="Iraq 3-1 China - 5 March 2014">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 3–1 China – 5 March 2014 |url=http://www.the-afc.com/afcasfeeds?fixtureid=6952&stageid=273&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary |website=AFC ASIAN CUP AUSTRALIA 2015}}</ref> === Canjin cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2014 === Tariq ya buga wasanni biyu kacal a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2014 (AFC), a zagaye na hudu . Na farko, a kan Oman, a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2013, inda aka yi masa tiyata a minti na 55 bayan ya kasa cire kwallon. Wasan ya kare da nasara 1-0 ga Oman. <ref name="Oman 1-0 Iraq - 4 June 2013">{{Cite web |title=Oman 1–0 Iraq – 4 June 2013 |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=257777/match=300191860/report.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519013030/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=257777/match=300191860/report.html |archive-date=19 May 2014 |website=FIFA}}</ref> A daya wasan, da Australia, a ranar 18 ga Yuni, an sake yi wa Tariq tiyata a minti na 75. Iraki ma ta sha kashi a wasan kuma Australia ta yi nasara da ci 1-0. <ref name="Australia 1-0 Iraq - 18 June 2013">{{Cite web |title=Australia 1–0 Iraq – 18 June 2013 |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=257777/match=300191857/report.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519013023/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=257777/match=300191857/report.html |archive-date=19 May 2014 |website=FIFA}}</ref> Bayan wannan wasan, Iraki tana ƙasa a rukunin B, tana da maki 5 daga wasanni 8 da ta buga, wanda hakan ya sa ba ta cancanci shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ba. <ref name="2014 World Cup Qualification for Asia - Final Stages">{{Cite web |title=2014 World Cup Qualification for Asia – Final Stages |url=http://www.kooora.com/?c=5985&stage=4 |website=Kooora |language=ar}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 10gb4hhtvxnlq56omcqgc3rq04w4s52 843251 843250 2026-05-30T08:20:20Z Engineer014 44591 843251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Humam Tariq Faraj Naoush''' ( Arabic An haife shi a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 1994) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Iraki wanda ke buga wa ƙungiyar Al-Talaba SC da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Iraki wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan gefe]] . Ya kuma buga wa ƙungiyar Esteghlal FC wasa tsakanin 2018 da 2019. An daɗe ana ɗaukar Tariq a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasar Iraki. Ya wakilci ƙasar Iraki a gasar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 22, 'yan ƙasa da shekara 23 da kuma ta ƙasa da ƙasa, inda ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa wasa yana da shekara 16, wanda hakan ya sanya shi ɗan ƙasar Iraki mafi ƙarancin shekaru a tarihi da ya wakilci babbar ƙungiyar. Humam ya wakilci ƙasar Iraki a gasar Olympics ta Rio a shekarar 2016, inda ya buga dukkan wasanni 3 na ƙasar Iraki da Denmark, Brazil da Afirka ta Kudu. Tariq ya kuma buga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta 2013, inda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan Iraki yayin da 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 suka yi nasarar zuwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. A matakin manyan 'yan wasa, ya buga wasa a gasar cin kofin Asiya ta AFC ta 2015, inda suka doke abokan hamayyarsu suka kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Tariq ya fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa tun yana ƙarami kuma sau da yawa yana shiga wasannin gida kuma ana iya ganinsa yana wasa tun yana ƙarami a bainar jama'a. Daga ƙarshe wannan ya jawo hankalin manyan ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa [[Bagdaza|na Baghdad]] . Ya yanke shawarar cewa yana son yin aiki a ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma tun yana ƙarami yana wasa da manyan yara a filayen ƙwallon ƙafa na Shaabiya kusa da inda ya girma kafin ya shiga ƙungiyoyin matasa a makarantar Al-Zawraa ta ƙattai ta Iraki. Ya zauna tare da Al Zawraa na 'yan watanni amma daga baya ya yanke shawarar cewa yana son bugawa ƙungiyarsa ta Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, wadda ya shiga a shekarar 2007 yana da shekaru 11. <ref name="ACUP">{{Cite web |last=Mubarak |first=Hassanin |title=Profile of Iraq's 23-Man 2015 Asian Cup Squad |url=https://iraqsport.wordpress.com/2014/12/29/profiles-of-iraqs-23-man-2015-asian-cup-squad//}}</ref> <ref name="Humam Tariq full scout report - Outside of the Boot">{{Cite web |last=Mubarak |first=Hassanin |date=29 April 2015 |title=Scout Report – Humam Tariq: Al Dhafra SCC and Iraq's talented youngster |url=http://outsideoftheboot.com/2015/04/29/scout-report-humam-tariq-al-dhafra-scc-and-iraqs-talented-youngster/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160516101043/http://outsideoftheboot.com/2015/04/29/scout-report-humam-tariq-al-dhafra-scc-and-iraqs-talented-youngster/ |archive-date=16 May 2016 |access-date=29 June 2015 |website=Outside of the Boot}}</ref> === Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya === ==== 2009–10 ==== Tun yana ƙarami, Tariq ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, ta hanyar shiga makarantar Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, inda ya ci gaba da samun ci gaba har zuwa shekarar 2010, ya shiga ƙungiyar manyan 'yan wasa yana ɗan shekara 14 kacal <ref name="Humam Tariq talks to Al-Bayyina">{{Cite web |title=Humam Tariq, the Olympic team and Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya player to Al-Bayyina |url=http://www.al-bayyna.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=52083 |website=Al-Bayyina |language=ar}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar manyan 'yan wasa wasa, a gasar Firimiya ta Iraki ta 2009–10 . Ya fara buga wasa da ƙungiyar Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, a ranar 26 ga Mayu 2010, a wasan da suka yi da ƙungiyar Salahaddin FC, inda wasan ya ƙare da nasara 2-0 ga ƙungiyar Al-Jawiya . <ref name="Humam Tariq Jawiya debut - Goalzz">{{Cite web |title=All Soccer Matches on 26 May 2010 |url=http://www.goalzz.com/?region=-1&area=0&dd=26&mm=5&yy=2010 |website=Goalzz}}</ref> ==== 2010–11 ==== Ya buga wasa a kowane wasa biyu ko uku a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa. Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya ta kare a matsayi na 2 a matakin rukuni, inda ta cancanci zuwa wasan da ya zo na uku, inda suka sha kashi a hannun Al-Sinaa SC da ci 0-1. <ref name="Iraq 2010/11">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 2010/11 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/iraq2011.html |website=RSSSF}}</ref> ==== 2011–12 ==== Tariq ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a kakar wasa ta uku da Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, a ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2012, a wasan da suka yi da Zakho FC, mintuna uku bayan fara wasan, wanda ya ƙare da kunnen doki 1-1. <ref name="Soccerway (27 April 2012)">{{Cite web |title=Zakho vs. Al Quwa Al Jawiya – 27 April 2012 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/04/27/iraq/iraqi-league/zakho/al-quwa-al-jawiya/1221816/?ICID=PL_MS_25 |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya zura kwallonsa ta biyu a wasan da suka yi da Al-Sinaa, wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara 2-1 ga Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya . <ref name="Soccerway (12 July 2012)">{{Cite web |title=Al Sinaa vs. Al Quwa Al Jawiya – 12 July 2012 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/07/12/iraq/iraqi-league/al-sinaah/al-quwa-al-jawiya/1221835/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya zura kwallonsa ta uku a wasan da suka yi da Arbil FC, wanda ya ƙare da kunnen doki 1-1. <ref name="Soccerway (16 August 2012)">{{Cite web |title=Arbil vs. Al Quwa Al Jawiya |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/08/16/iraq/iraqi-league/arbil/al-quwa-al-jawiya/1221898/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya zura kwallaye uku kacal a wannan kakar. Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya ta kare a matsayi na 3 a teburin gasar, da maki 74, yayin da Arbil FC ta zama zakara, da maki 83. <ref name="Iraq 2011/12">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 2011/12 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/iraq2012.html |website=RSSSF}}</ref> ==== 2012–13 ==== A gasar Firimiya ta Iraki ta 2012-13, Tariq ya ci kwallo ɗaya tilo a ragar Kirkuk FC . <ref name="Soccerway (7 December 2012)">{{Cite web |title=Kirkuk vs. Al Quwa Al Jawiya – 7 December 2012 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/12/17/iraq/iraqi-league/kirkuk/al-quwa-al-jawiya/1421756/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya ta kare a matsayi na 3, da maki 69, yayin da Al Shorta SC ta zama zakara, da maki 72, yayin da Tariq bai kammala kakar wasa ta lig ba. <ref name="Iraq 2012/13">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 2012/13 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/iraq2013.html |website=RSSSF}}</ref> A gasar cin kofin UAFA Club Cup ta 2012-13, Tariq ya zura kwallo a raga, a zagayen farko na wasan, a kan Shabab Al-Dhahiriya SC daga [[Ƙasar Falasɗinu|Falasdinu]], wanda ya ƙare da nasara 3-0 ga Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya . <ref name="2012/13 UAFA Club Cup - Round 1">{{Cite web |title=2012/13 UAFA Club Cup – Round 1 |url=http://www.kooora.com/?c=6933&stage=2 |website=Kooora |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq bai ci gaba da zama tare da Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya ba har sai da aka kammala gasar. Daga ƙarshe, an fitar da Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, a zagayen kwata-kwata, ta hannun Raja Casablanca daga [[Moroko|Morocco]] . <ref name="2012/13 UAFA Club Cup - Quarterfinals">{{Cite web |title=2012/13 UAFA Club Cup – Quarterfinals |url=http://www.kooora.com/?c=6933&stage=3 |website=Kooora |language=ar}}</ref> A kwanakin ƙarshe na Tariq a ƙungiyar, a ranar 24 ga Mayu 2014, shugabannin ƙungiyar sun ci shi tarar dala $10,000 saboda Tariq bai halarci sansanin horar da ƙungiyarsa a Sulaymaniyah ba. === Al Ahli === A ranar 29 ga Janairu 2013, yana da shekaru 16, Tariq ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar dala $9,582 a kowane mako tare da Al-Ahli, wanda ya saye shi kan € 600,000, don ya buga musu wasa na tsawon shekaru 5, tare da ƙarin kuɗi da kuma ƙarin kuɗi. Al Ahli ya kuma samar wa Tariq gida a [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]], mota ta sirri da kuma jigilar kaya kyauta tsakanin [[Bagdaza|Baghdad]] da [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]] ga Tariq da iyalinsa. <ref name="Humam Tariq's contract">{{Cite web |title=Humam Tariq and Al-Ahli |url=http://forum.kooora.com/?t=32106250 |website=Kooora |language=ar}}</ref> Duk da cewa Tariq ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar a watan Janairun 2013, sai da ya jira na tsawon shekara guda kafin ya shiga ƙungiyar, saboda ba zai kai shekara 18 ba sai a ranar 10 ga Fabrairun 2014, a lokacin ne ba a ba shi izinin shiga sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ba. <ref name="Humam Tariq's contract" /> An ba shi aro ga Al Dhafra bayan ya buga wasanni biyu na abokantaka da Al Ahli. ==== An kasa cimma matsaya kan canja wurin zuwa Turkiyya ==== A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2015, Al-Ahli ta sami tayin hukuma daga wata ƙungiyar Turkiyya da ba a bayyana sunanta ba don siyan Tariq ko kuma aron sa. Bayan kwana biyar, wakilin Tariq, Najm Mohammed, ya bayyana cewa tattaunawar da aka yi tsakanin ƙungiyar Turkiyya da ba a ambaci sunanta ba da Al-Ahli ta wargaje bayan da Al-Ahli ta nemi dala 400,000 don Humam amma ƙungiyar ba ta son biyan fiye da dala 200,000 ba. Al-Ahli ta sami tayin daga wata ƙungiya a gasar [[Süper Lig]] kuma Bursaspor ce. Da farko Al-Ahli ta amince da tayin. Amma, kuma, a ranar 30 ga Yuni, wakilin Tariq ya sanar da cewa yarjejeniyar ta gaza, a cikin mintuna na ƙarshe, saboda Bursaspor ta bayar da ƙarancin kuɗi kuma Al-Ahli ta ƙi tayin. A watan Yulin 2015, ƙungiyoyi biyu daga gasar Premier ta Iraki sun nuna sha'awar siyan Tariq, ƙungiyarsa ta ƙarshe, Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, da Al Shorta . ==== Al Dhafra (rance) ==== A ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2014, an ba Tariq aro ga Al Dhafra, ba tare da buga wasa ɗaya ba a hukumance ga Al-Ahli . Kwantiragin aronsa ya bayyana cewa Tariq zai buga wa Al Dhafra wasa a kakar wasa ta 2014-15, wanda za a iya tsawaita shi. Tariq ya buga wasansa na farko, a kakar wasa ta 2014-15, a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, da Emirates Club . Ya buga na tsawon mintuna 77 kuma an cire shi daga wasa saboda Ali Al-Hammadi . <ref name="Al Dhafra vs. Emirates - 5 October 2014">{{Cite web |title=Al Dhafra vs. Emirates – 5 October 2014 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2014/10/05/united-arab-emirates/premier-league/al-dhafra/emirates-club-ras-al-khaimah/1714751/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya zura kwallonsa ta farko tare da Al Dhafra a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, a kan Al-Ittihad Kalba, a minti na 19, ya jefa kwallon daga wajen akwatin bugun fenariti zuwa kusurwar dama na kwallon, daga bugun daga hannun Makhete Diop . <ref name="Debut Goal - Dhafra - Youtube">{{Cite web |title=Goal of Humam Tariq against Ittihad Kalba in the UAE Pro League (29/11/2014) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-f4WWpN3a-s |website=Youtube |language=ar}}</ref> Kwallonsa ta biyu da Al Dhafra ta kasance daya daga cikin kwallaye mafi sauri a gasar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, a ranar 10 ga Mayu 2015, a minti na 4, a kan Al-Shabab . Tariq ya kammala kakar wasa ta lig tare da Al Dhafra a matsayi na 12 da maki 26, wuri daya kacal daga faduwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=2014–15 UAE Arabian Gulf League |url=https://int.soccerway.com/national/united-arab-emirates/premier-league/20142015/regular-season/r26021/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> A gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasar UAE, Tariq ya buga wasan Al Dhafra a zagaye na 16, a ranar 15 ga Mayu 2015. Ya samu taimako a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ga Bilal Najjarine daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, wanda Tariq ya yi masa har zuwa kan Bilal. Tariq ya ji rauni, a wannan wasan, sakamakon raunin tsoka. Al Dhafra ya yi nasara da ci 7-6 a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Al-Fujerah vs. Al-Dhafra – 15 May 2015 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/05/15/united-arab-emirates/presidents-cup/ahli-al-fujirah/al-dhafra/1699521/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> A wasan kusa da na karshe, Tariq ya fara wasan da Ajman, inda ya sake samun taimako a bugun farko, ta hanyar ketare kwallon zuwa kan Makhete Diop da kuma shiga raga, a minti na 62. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Al Dhafra 2–0 Ajman – UAE President's Cup 2014–2015 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkrjxXFjR0s |website=Youtube}}</ref> Wasan ya ƙare da nasara 2-0 ga Al Dhafra. A wasan kusa da na karshe, da Al-Ahli, ba a bar Tariq ya buga wasa ba saboda yarjejeniyar abokantaka tsakanin Al Dhafra da Al Ahli wadda ba ta ba shi damar buga wasa da Al Ahli ba. Al Dhafra ya sha kashi a wasan da ci 0-2. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mustafa |first=Sayyid |date=31 May 2015 |title=Al-Ahli defeats Al-Dhafra and qualifies to the final |url=http://www.emaratalyoum.com/sports/local/2015-05-31-1.789131 |website=Emirates Today |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya kammala kakar wasa da ƙungiyarsa da aka ba shi aro da jimillar wasanni 22, waɗanda suka haɗa da kwallaye 2 da kuma taimakawa 2. <ref name="Humam Tariq - Soccerway">{{Cite web |title=Humam Tariq |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/humam-tarek--/241430/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Bayan ƙarshen kakar wasa, Al Dhafra bai nuna sha'awar tsawaita kwantiragin Tariq ba. Saboda haka, ya koma Al-Ahli. === Ismaily SC === A ranar 2 ga Agusta 2019, Ismaily ya amince ya sayi ɗan wasan gefe na Iraqi '''Humam Tariq''' a matsayin ɗan wasa mai zaman kansa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 August 2019 |title=Ismaily signs the Iraqi winger Humam Tariq |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2019/08/02/ismaily-tariq-humam/ |publisher=Kingfut |language=en}}</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko da '''Ismaily''' a ranar 13 ga Satumba 2019 a wasan zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin zakarun Larabawa da Al-Ahly SC (Benghazi) bayan an maye gurbinsa a rabin na biyu na wasan. Wasan ya ƙare da nasara 4-2 ga '''Ismaily''' <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2019 |title=Ismaily down Ahli Benghazi 4–2 in Zayed Club Champions Cup |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2019/09/13/ismaily-benghazi/ |publisher=Kingfut |language=en}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A ranar 30 ga Disamba 2012, Tariq ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Iraqi, inda ya fafata da Tunisia, a wasan sada zumunci da ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 2-1 a hannun Iraki. <ref name="Iraq vs. Tunisia - 30 December 2012">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. Tunisia – 30 December 2012 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/12/30/world/friendlies/iraq/tunisia/1415985/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> A wannan ranar, Tariq, ya zama ɗan wasa mafi ƙarancin shekaru a tarihin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Iraki da ya sanya rigar ƙasar Iraki yana da shekaru 16. <ref name="ACUP">{{Cite web |last=Mubarak |first=Hassanin |title=Profile of Iraq's 23-Man 2015 Asian Cup Squad |url=https://iraqsport.wordpress.com/2014/12/29/profiles-of-iraqs-23-man-2015-asian-cup-squad//}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMubarak">Mubarak, Hassanin. [https://iraqsport.wordpress.com/2014/12/29/profiles-of-iraqs-23-man-2015-asian-cup-squad// "Profile of Iraq's 23-Man 2015 Asian Cup Squad"].</cite></ref> === Kofin Gulf na 2013 === Gasar cin kofin Gulf ta 2013 ita ce gasar da ta jagoranci Tariq ga nasara kuma ta sa shi ya haskaka. Ya fara wasan farko na Iraki, a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|dan wasan gefe na hagu]], da Saudiyya, wanda ya ƙare da nasara 2-0 ga Iraki. <ref name="Iraq 2-0 Saudi Arabia - 6 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 2–0 Saudi Arabia |url=http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=340&period=21 |website=Gulf Cup |language=ar}}</ref> <ref name="Iraq vs. Saudi Arabia - 6 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. Saudi Arabia – 6 January 2013 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/01/06/asia/gulf-cup/saudi-arabia/iraq/1404981/ |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya ci gaba da fara wasa na biyu na Iraki, da Kuwait, wanda ya ƙare da nasara 1-0 ga Iraki. <ref name="Kuwait 0-1 Iraq - 9 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Kuwait 0–1 Iraq |url=http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=343&period=21 |website=Gulf Cup |language=ar}}</ref> <ref name="Iraq vs. Kuwait - 9 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. Kuwait – 9 January 2013 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/01/09/asia/gulf-cup/iraq/kuwait/1404982/?ICID=PL_MS_05 |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> A wasa na uku na Iraki, da Yemen, Tariq ya ci gaba da zama a benci, an maye gurbinsa da Nabeel Sabah a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na hagu. Wasan ya ƙare da nasara 2-0 ga Iraki. <ref name="Yemen 0-2 Iraq - 12 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Yemen 0–2 Iraq |url=http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=348&period=21 |website=Gulf Cup |language=ar}}</ref> <ref name="Iraq vs. Yemen - 12 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. Yemen – 12 January 2013 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/01/12/asia/gulf-cup/iraq/yemen/1404985/?ICID=PL_MS_09 |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> Tariq ya fara wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da Bahrain . Wasan ya tafi ƙarin lokaci sannan kuma bugun fenariti, bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1. Iraki ta yi nasara 4-2 a bugun fenariti. <ref name="Bahrain 3-5 Iraq - 15 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Bahrain 3–5 Iraq |url=http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=350&period=21 |website=Gulf Cup |language=ar}}</ref> <ref name="Iraq vs. Bahrain - 15 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. Bahrain – 15 January 2013 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/01/15/asia/gulf-cup/iraq/bahrain/1418681/?ICID=PL_MS_02 |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> A wasan ƙarshe, Tariq ya fara a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na hagu]], da UAE, a wasan da ya ƙare da rashin nasara 2-1 ga Iraki. Saboda haka, Iraki ta zama ta biyu a bugun 2013. <ref name="Iraq 1-2 UAE - 18 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 1–2 UAE |url=http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=352&period=21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129112506/http://www.gulfcup.com/soccer/matches/matcha.php?match_id=352&period=21 |archive-date=29 November 2014 |access-date=14 May 2015 |website=Gulf Cup |language=ar}}</ref> <ref name="Iraq vs. UAE - 18 January 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq vs. UAE – 18 January 2013 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/01/18/asia/gulf-cup/united-arab-emirates/iraq/1418682/?ICID=PL_MS_01 |website=Soccerway |language=ar}}</ref> === Gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Asiya ta AFC ta 2015 === Tariq ya bayar da gudummawa a wasanni 4 daga cikin jimillar wasanni 6 da ya buga wa Iraki a gasar cin kofin Asiya ta AFC ta 2015. Sakamakon wasannin ya kasance nasara 1-0 da Indonesia a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2013, <ref name="Iraq 1-0 Indonesia - 6 February 2013">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 1–0 Indonesia – 6 February 2013 |url=http://www.the-afc.com/afcasfeeds?fixtureid=6942&stageid=273&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary |website=AFC ASIAN CUP AUSTRALIA 2015}}</ref> rashin nasara 0-1 da China a ranar 22 ga Maris, <ref name="China 1-0 Iraq - 22 March 2013">{{Cite web |title=China 1–0 Iraq – 22 March 2013 |url=http://www.the-afc.com/afcasfeeds?fixtureid=6945&stageid=273&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary |website=AFC ASIAN CUP AUSTRALIA 2015}}</ref> rashin nasara 1-2 da Saudi Arabia a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, <ref name="Saudi Arabia 2-1 Iraq - 15 November 2013">{{Cite web |title=Saudi Arabia 2–1 Iraq – 15 November 2013 |url=http://www.the-afc.com/afcasfeeds?fixtureid=6949&stageid=273&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary |website=AFC ASIAN CUP AUSTRALIA 2015}}</ref> da kuma nasara 2-0 da Indonesia a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba. <ref name="Indonesia 0-2 Iraq - 19 November 2013">{{Cite web |title=Indonesia 0–2 Iraq – 19 November 2013 |url=http://www.the-afc.com/afcasfeeds?fixtureid=6950&stageid=273&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary |website=AFC ASIAN CUP AUSTRALIA 2015}}</ref> Daga ƙarshe, Iraki ta cancanci shiga gasar cin kofin Asiya ta AFC ta 2015 ta hanyar cin nasara 3-1 da China, inda Tariq ba ta cikin tawagar. <ref name="Iraq 3-1 China - 5 March 2014">{{Cite web |title=Iraq 3–1 China – 5 March 2014 |url=http://www.the-afc.com/afcasfeeds?fixtureid=6952&stageid=273&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary |website=AFC ASIAN CUP AUSTRALIA 2015}}</ref> === Canjin cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2014 === Tariq ya buga wasanni biyu kacal a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2014 (AFC), a zagaye na hudu . Na farko, a kan Oman, a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2013, inda aka yi masa tiyata a minti na 55 bayan ya kasa cire kwallon. Wasan ya kare da nasara 1-0 ga Oman. <ref name="Oman 1-0 Iraq - 4 June 2013">{{Cite web |title=Oman 1–0 Iraq – 4 June 2013 |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=257777/match=300191860/report.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519013030/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=257777/match=300191860/report.html |archive-date=19 May 2014 |website=FIFA}}</ref> A daya wasan, da Australia, a ranar 18 ga Yuni, an sake yi wa Tariq tiyata a minti na 75. Iraki ma ta sha kashi a wasan kuma Australia ta yi nasara da ci 1-0. <ref name="Australia 1-0 Iraq - 18 June 2013">{{Cite web |title=Australia 1–0 Iraq – 18 June 2013 |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=257777/match=300191857/report.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519013023/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=257777/match=300191857/report.html |archive-date=19 May 2014 |website=FIFA}}</ref> Bayan wannan wasan, Iraki tana ƙasa a rukunin B, tana da maki 5 daga wasanni 8 da ta buga, wanda hakan ya sa ba ta cancanci shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ba. <ref name="2014 World Cup Qualification for Asia - Final Stages">{{Cite web |title=2014 World Cup Qualification for Asia – Final Stages |url=http://www.kooora.com/?c=5985&stage=4 |website=Kooora |language=ar}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9pu1g68nebam7plo3sfsevtqvvi5jpg 0 153397 843252 2026-05-30T08:23:36Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355381658|Ahmed Hegazi]]" 843252 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmed Elsayed Ali Elsayed Hegazy''' ( Arabic An haife shi a ranar 25 ga Janairu 1991), wanda aka fi sani da '''Ahmed Hegazi''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Masar wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Saudi Pro League ta Neom da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar . Hegazi ya buga wa babbar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Masar wasa tun daga shekarar 2011; a wannan lokacin, rashin halartarsa kawai ya faru ne saboda rauni. Ya wakilci Masar a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta 2009, gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta 2011, gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta 2011, gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012, gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2017 da kuma [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2018.]] A shekarar 2017, an saka shi a cikin ƙungiyar CAF ta gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2017 saboda rawar da ya taka. == Aikin kulob == === Ismaily === Aikin Hegazi na ƙwallon ƙafa ya fara ne a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 2009, lokacin da ya fara wasa da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Masar [[Ismaila SC|mai suna Ismaily]] a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya]] . === Fiorentina === A ranar 22 ga Disamba 2011, ƙungiyar Masar ta sanar da yin yarjejeniya da ƙungiyar Fiorentina ta Italiya kan Yuro miliyan 1.5. Kamfanin na Masar ya sami rangwame na kashi 15% akan kuɗin da aka biya. An bai wa Hegazi rigar lamba 3 a Fiorentina. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin wanda ba a hukumance ba a ƙungiyar, inda ya buga mintuna 30 a wasan sada zumunci da Viareggio . A ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2012, ya buga mintuna 15 a wasansa na farko a wasan da suka yi da Atalanta kuma ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a La Viola a karshen wannan watan a rabin na biyu na wasan Coppa Italia da Juve Stabia a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba. A ranar 12 ga Disamba, Fiorentina ta sanar da cewa Hegazi ya kammala tiyata bayan ya samu mummunan rauni a kafa a lokacin horo. Kungiyar ta kuma sanar da cewa an yi masa tiyatar gyaran jiki a kan jijiyarsa ta gaba. Lokacin da ake sa ran zai murmure kafin dan wasan ya koma motsa jiki shine watanni 5-6. A watan Satumba na 2013, ya sake samun wani rauni yayin da ya sake ji rauni a jijiyar a lokacin horo kuma ya fitar da shi na tsawon watanni shida <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fiorentina's Hegazy blow - Football Italia |url=http://www.football-italia.net/39216/fiorentinas-hegazy-blow |website=www.football-italia.net}}</ref> wanda hakan ya sa ya rasa mafi yawan kakar wasa. A ranar 8 ga Disamba 2014, Fiorentina ta sanar da cewa za a saki ɗan wasan a watan Janairun 2015, tare da Octávio, Mounir El Hamdaoui, Oleksandr Iakovenko da Joshua Brillante . <ref>{{Cite web |title=مصحح.. فيورنتينا يعرض حجازي للبيع |url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/220999/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%AD-%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B6-%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9 |website=FilGoal.com}}</ref> ==== Lamunin Perugia ==== A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu 2015, Hegazi ya koma ƙungiyar Serie B ta Perugia a matsayin aro har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2014–15 ta Serie B. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Egypt's Hegazy joins Serie B side Perugia on loan from Fiorentina - Talents Abroad - Sports - Ahram Online |url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/53/122020/Sports/Talents-Abroad/Egypts-Hegazy-joins-Serie-B-side-Perugia-on-loan-f.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814021207/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/53/122020/Sports/Talents-Abroad/Egypts-Hegazy-joins-Serie-B-side-Perugia-on-loan-f.aspx |archive-date=14 August 2017 |access-date=2 February 2015 |website=english.ahram.org. e.g.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar a wasan da suka sha kashi da ci 3-1 a hannun Vicenza, inda ya buga wasanni tsawon mintuna 90. Wannan shine wasansa na farko a Italiya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=حجازي يخسر مباراته الأولى بقميص بيروجيا |url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/225417/%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B5-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7 |website=FilGoal.com}}</ref> === Al Ahly SC === A ranar 1 ga Satumba, 2015, Hegazi ya koma ƙungiyar Al Ahly ta Masar a gasar Premier League bisa kwantiragin shekaru biyar. === West Bromwich Albion === [[Fayil:Ahmed_Hegazi_West_Brom.jpg|thumb|402x402px|Hegazi yana bugawa West Bromwich Albion wasa a shekarar 2017]] A ranar 17 ga Yulin 2017, Hegazi ya koma ƙungiyar [[Premier League|Premier]] ta West Bromwich Albion a matsayin aro daga Al Ahly har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2017-18, inda Albion ke da zaɓin fara canja wuri na dindindin. Hegazi ya fara buga gasar Premier a West Brom a ranar 12 ga Agusta, inda ya zura ƙwallo a raga a wasan da suka doke AFC Bournemouth da ci 1-0, sannan ya lashe kyautar gwarzon ɗan wasa. A wasan da ya biyo baya ya sami kyautar a karo na biyu a jere, yayin da West Brom ta doke Burnley mai masaukin baki kuma ta fara kakar wasa mafi kyau tun kakar wasa ta 1978-79 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sutcliffe |first=Steven |date=19 August 2017 |title=Burnley 0 West Brom 1: Substitute Hal Robson-Kanu goes from hero to zero after seeing red in Turf Moor cameo |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2017/08/19/burnley-0-west-brom-1-substitute-hal-robson-kanu-goes-hero-zero/ |website=telegraph.co.uk}}</ref> A ranar 18 ga Disamba 2017, West Brom ta yi amfani da zaɓin ɗaukar Hegazi har abada, duk da haka bai iya taimakawa wajen ceto ƙungiyar daga faɗuwa ba, wanda hakan ya kawo ƙarshen zamanta na shekaru takwas a gasar Premier. Hegazi ya buga wasanni 38 a gasar Premier a kakar wasa ta 2018/19 kuma ya zura kwallo daya tilo da ya ci a wasan da suka doke [[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea]] da ci 2-1. West Brom ta sha kashi a hannun [[Aston Villa FC|Aston Villa]] a wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar Championship. A watan Yulin 2019, bayan an yi masa tiyatar idon sawu, an sanar da cewa ba zai buga makonnin farko na kakar wasa ta 2019-20 ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 July 2019 |title=Ahmed Hegazi: West Brom defender to miss start of season |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/49116009 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Hegazi ya fara buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta Masar wasa a karon farko a gasar cin kofin duniya da suka fafata da Sierra Leone a shekarar 2011 lokacin yana da shekaru 20 da watanni 7 kacal. Tun lokacin da ya kasance mai taka leda a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa kuma bai buga wasanni ba ne kawai saboda rauni; a watan Disamba na 2016, Héctor Cúper, kocin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar ya haɗa shi cikin tawagar da za ta fafata a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hector Cuper announce Egypt's final squad FOR 2017 AFCON in GABON |url=https://nilesports.com/2017/01/04/hector-cuper-announce-egypts-final-squad-for-2017-afcon-in-gabon/ |website=nilesports.com}}</ref> Hegazi ya kasance mai taka leda a baya sau huɗu a lokacin gasar, yana wasa a kowane minti ɗaya kuma yana nuna kyakkyawan aiki yayin da Masarawa suka kai ga wasan ƙarshe. Kwarewarsa ta sa ya shiga cikin ƙungiyar CAF ta gasar . <ref>{{Cite web |last=www.realnet.co.uk |title=Cameroon striker Christian Bassogog named AFCON Player of the Tournament |url=http://www.kickoff.com/news/72806/cameroon-striker-christian-bassogog-named-afcon-player-of-the-tournament |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629021804/http://www.kickoff.com/news/72806/cameroon-striker-christian-bassogog-named-afcon-player-of-the-tournament |archive-date=29 June 2018 |access-date=6 February 2017}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 2020, a lokacin wasannin neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2021, Hegazi ya jagoranci tawagar 'yan wasan Masar a karon farko, inda ya buga mintuna 90 a wasan da suka yi da [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon kafa ta Togo|Togo]] da ci 1-3 a waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2020 |title=Egypt beats Togo to go top, Sierra Leone holds Nigeria again |url=https://www.cafonline.com/total-africa-cup-of-nations/2021/news/egypt-beats-togo-to-go-top-sierra-leone-holds-nigeria-again |access-date=18 November 2020 |publisher=CAFOnline}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6ky6qn5qnr5llixsniq7sfcsmr8ehgm 843253 843252 2026-05-30T08:24:11Z Engineer014 44591 843253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ahmed Elsayed Ali Elsayed Hegazy''' ( Arabic An haife shi a ranar 25 ga Janairu 1991), wanda aka fi sani da '''Ahmed Hegazi''', ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Masar wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Saudi Pro League ta Neom da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar . Hegazi ya buga wa babbar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Masar wasa tun daga shekarar 2011; a wannan lokacin, rashin halartarsa kawai ya faru ne saboda rauni. Ya wakilci Masar a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta 2009, gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta 2011, gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta 2011, gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012, gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2017 da kuma [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2018.]] A shekarar 2017, an saka shi a cikin ƙungiyar CAF ta gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2017 saboda rawar da ya taka. == Aikin kulob == === Ismaily === Aikin Hegazi na ƙwallon ƙafa ya fara ne a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 2009, lokacin da ya fara wasa da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Masar [[Ismaila SC|mai suna Ismaily]] a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|ɗan baya]] . === Fiorentina === A ranar 22 ga Disamba 2011, ƙungiyar Masar ta sanar da yin yarjejeniya da ƙungiyar Fiorentina ta Italiya kan Yuro miliyan 1.5. Kamfanin na Masar ya sami rangwame na kashi 15% akan kuɗin da aka biya. An bai wa Hegazi rigar lamba 3 a Fiorentina. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin wanda ba a hukumance ba a ƙungiyar, inda ya buga mintuna 30 a wasan sada zumunci da Viareggio . A ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2012, ya buga mintuna 15 a wasansa na farko a wasan da suka yi da Atalanta kuma ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a La Viola a karshen wannan watan a rabin na biyu na wasan Coppa Italia da Juve Stabia a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba. A ranar 12 ga Disamba, Fiorentina ta sanar da cewa Hegazi ya kammala tiyata bayan ya samu mummunan rauni a kafa a lokacin horo. Kungiyar ta kuma sanar da cewa an yi masa tiyatar gyaran jiki a kan jijiyarsa ta gaba. Lokacin da ake sa ran zai murmure kafin dan wasan ya koma motsa jiki shine watanni 5-6. A watan Satumba na 2013, ya sake samun wani rauni yayin da ya sake ji rauni a jijiyar a lokacin horo kuma ya fitar da shi na tsawon watanni shida <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fiorentina's Hegazy blow - Football Italia |url=http://www.football-italia.net/39216/fiorentinas-hegazy-blow |website=www.football-italia.net}}</ref> wanda hakan ya sa ya rasa mafi yawan kakar wasa. A ranar 8 ga Disamba 2014, Fiorentina ta sanar da cewa za a saki ɗan wasan a watan Janairun 2015, tare da Octávio, Mounir El Hamdaoui, Oleksandr Iakovenko da Joshua Brillante . <ref>{{Cite web |title=مصحح.. فيورنتينا يعرض حجازي للبيع |url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/220999/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%AD-%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B6-%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9 |website=FilGoal.com}}</ref> ==== Lamunin Perugia ==== A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu 2015, Hegazi ya koma ƙungiyar Serie B ta Perugia a matsayin aro har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2014–15 ta Serie B. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Egypt's Hegazy joins Serie B side Perugia on loan from Fiorentina - Talents Abroad - Sports - Ahram Online |url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/53/122020/Sports/Talents-Abroad/Egypts-Hegazy-joins-Serie-B-side-Perugia-on-loan-f.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814021207/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/53/122020/Sports/Talents-Abroad/Egypts-Hegazy-joins-Serie-B-side-Perugia-on-loan-f.aspx |archive-date=14 August 2017 |access-date=2 February 2015 |website=english.ahram.org. e.g.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar a wasan da suka sha kashi da ci 3-1 a hannun Vicenza, inda ya buga wasanni tsawon mintuna 90. Wannan shine wasansa na farko a Italiya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=حجازي يخسر مباراته الأولى بقميص بيروجيا |url=https://www.filgoal.com/articles/225417/%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B5-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7 |website=FilGoal.com}}</ref> === Al Ahly SC === A ranar 1 ga Satumba, 2015, Hegazi ya koma ƙungiyar Al Ahly ta Masar a gasar Premier League bisa kwantiragin shekaru biyar. === West Bromwich Albion === [[Fayil:Ahmed_Hegazi_West_Brom.jpg|thumb|402x402px|Hegazi yana bugawa West Bromwich Albion wasa a shekarar 2017]] A ranar 17 ga Yulin 2017, Hegazi ya koma ƙungiyar [[Premier League|Premier]] ta West Bromwich Albion a matsayin aro daga Al Ahly har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2017-18, inda Albion ke da zaɓin fara canja wuri na dindindin. Hegazi ya fara buga gasar Premier a West Brom a ranar 12 ga Agusta, inda ya zura ƙwallo a raga a wasan da suka doke AFC Bournemouth da ci 1-0, sannan ya lashe kyautar gwarzon ɗan wasa. A wasan da ya biyo baya ya sami kyautar a karo na biyu a jere, yayin da West Brom ta doke Burnley mai masaukin baki kuma ta fara kakar wasa mafi kyau tun kakar wasa ta 1978-79 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sutcliffe |first=Steven |date=19 August 2017 |title=Burnley 0 West Brom 1: Substitute Hal Robson-Kanu goes from hero to zero after seeing red in Turf Moor cameo |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2017/08/19/burnley-0-west-brom-1-substitute-hal-robson-kanu-goes-hero-zero/ |website=telegraph.co.uk}}</ref> A ranar 18 ga Disamba 2017, West Brom ta yi amfani da zaɓin ɗaukar Hegazi har abada, duk da haka bai iya taimakawa wajen ceto ƙungiyar daga faɗuwa ba, wanda hakan ya kawo ƙarshen zamanta na shekaru takwas a gasar Premier. Hegazi ya buga wasanni 38 a gasar Premier a kakar wasa ta 2018/19 kuma ya zura kwallo daya tilo da ya ci a wasan da suka doke [[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea]] da ci 2-1. West Brom ta sha kashi a hannun [[Aston Villa FC|Aston Villa]] a wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar Championship. A watan Yulin 2019, bayan an yi masa tiyatar idon sawu, an sanar da cewa ba zai buga makonnin farko na kakar wasa ta 2019-20 ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 July 2019 |title=Ahmed Hegazi: West Brom defender to miss start of season |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/49116009 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Hegazi ya fara buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta Masar wasa a karon farko a gasar cin kofin duniya da suka fafata da Sierra Leone a shekarar 2011 lokacin yana da shekaru 20 da watanni 7 kacal. Tun lokacin da ya kasance mai taka leda a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa kuma bai buga wasanni ba ne kawai saboda rauni; a watan Disamba na 2016, Héctor Cúper, kocin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar ya haɗa shi cikin tawagar da za ta fafata a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hector Cuper announce Egypt's final squad FOR 2017 AFCON in GABON |url=https://nilesports.com/2017/01/04/hector-cuper-announce-egypts-final-squad-for-2017-afcon-in-gabon/ |website=nilesports.com}}</ref> Hegazi ya kasance mai taka leda a baya sau huɗu a lokacin gasar, yana wasa a kowane minti ɗaya kuma yana nuna kyakkyawan aiki yayin da Masarawa suka kai ga wasan ƙarshe. Kwarewarsa ta sa ya shiga cikin ƙungiyar CAF ta gasar . <ref>{{Cite web |last=www.realnet.co.uk |title=Cameroon striker Christian Bassogog named AFCON Player of the Tournament |url=http://www.kickoff.com/news/72806/cameroon-striker-christian-bassogog-named-afcon-player-of-the-tournament |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629021804/http://www.kickoff.com/news/72806/cameroon-striker-christian-bassogog-named-afcon-player-of-the-tournament |archive-date=29 June 2018 |access-date=6 February 2017}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 2020, a lokacin wasannin neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 2021, Hegazi ya jagoranci tawagar 'yan wasan Masar a karon farko, inda ya buga mintuna 90 a wasan da suka yi da [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon kafa ta Togo|Togo]] da ci 1-3 a waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2020 |title=Egypt beats Togo to go top, Sierra Leone holds Nigeria again |url=https://www.cafonline.com/total-africa-cup-of-nations/2021/news/egypt-beats-togo-to-go-top-sierra-leone-holds-nigeria-again |access-date=18 November 2020 |publisher=CAFOnline}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4wa3dqrwhfcgms7ja95qht8nmb9vj0u 0 153398 843254 2026-05-30T08:25:57Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347715729|Saleh Gomaa]]" 843254 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Saleh Gomaa''' ( Arabic An haife shi a ranar 1 ga Agusta 1993) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Masar wanda a da ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar Al Ahly wasa kuma a halin yanzu yana bugawa ƙungiyar Ismailia, [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]], da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Masar . Ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Men's Football |url=http://www.london2012.com/football/event/men/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205005957/www.london2012.com/football/event/men/ |archive-date=5 December 2012 |access-date=30 July 2012 |publisher=London2012.com}}</ref> A matsayinsa na ɗan shekara 19, ya buga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta 2013 a Algeria kuma ya lashe kyautar "Ɗan wasan Gasar", lokacin da Masarawa suka lashe kofinsu. Shi ne babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Masar Abdallah Gomaa . == Sana'a == Gomaa ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar wasa kuma shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙaranci a ƙungiyar lokacin da ya wakilci Masar a gasar Olympics ta London ta 2012. A cikin shekara ɗaya kacal, Gomaa ya wakilci Masar a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da shekaru 20, 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 23, da kuma ƙungiyar farko. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=July 24, 2012 |title=Player Profile: Saleh Gomaa |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2012/07/24/olympic-profile-saleh-gomaa/}}</ref> === Tare da kulab === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |ƙungiyar ! rowspan="2" | kakar wasa ! colspan="2" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Kofi ! colspan="2" | Gasar nahiyar Afirka ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! APP ! Ƙwallaye ! APP ! Ƙwallaye ! APP ! Ƙwallaye ! APP ! Ƙwallaye |- | rowspan="5" | ENPPI SC | 2010–2011 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 0 | colspan="2" | — | '''14''' | '''0''' |- | 2011–2012 | 8 | 0 | | | 3 | 0 | '''11''' | '''0''' |- | 2012–2013 | 1 | 0 | | | 1 | 0 | '''2''' | '''0''' |- | 2013–2014 | 2 | 1 | | | colspan="2" | — | '''2''' | '''1''' |- ! Jimilla ! 21 ! 1 ! 4 ! 0 ! 4 ! 0 ! 29 ! 1 |- | rowspan="3" | Nacional Madeira (aron) | 2013–2014 | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | colspan="2" | — | '''14''' | '''1''' |- | 2014–2015 | 23 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | '''32''' | '''1''' |- ! Jimilla ! 36 ! 2 ! 8 ! 0 ! 2 ! 0 ! 46 ! 2 |- | rowspan="4" | Al Ahly | 2014–2015 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | '''2''' | '''0''' |- | 2015–2016 | 18 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | '''23''' | '''0''' |- | 2016–2017 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | '''7''' | '''0''' |- ! Jimilla ! 24 ! 2 ! 2 ! 0 ! 6 ! 0 ! 32 ! 2 |} == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Gomaa memba ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Masar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 da ta lashe gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 a [[Aljeriya|Algeria]] a shekarar 2013. Ya zira kwallaye biyu a gasar, ciki har da bugun fenariti a wasan ƙarshe da suka fafata da Ghana. An zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasan da ya fi kowa a gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 April 2013 |title=Zinedine Ferhat dans l'équipe type de la CAF |url=http://www.dzfoot.com/news-13410-can-u20-zinedine-ferhat-dans-l-equipe-type-de-la-caf.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403221353/http://www.dzfoot.com/news-13410-can-u20-zinedine-ferhat-dans-l-equipe-type-de-la-caf.php |archive-date=3 April 2013 |access-date=1 April 2013 |publisher=DZFoot |language=fr}}</ref> Gomaa ya kasance babban ɗan wasa a ƙungiyar Masar a gasar CAF U23 Championship da aka yi a Morocco. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=July 24, 2012 |title=Player Profile: Saleh Gomaa |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2012/07/24/olympic-profile-saleh-gomaa/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.kingfut.com/2012/07/24/olympic-profile-saleh-gomaa/ "Player Profile: Saleh Gomaa"]. </cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Rukuni:CS1 maint: archived copy as title]] edlx3osp2aiwqae2510lj6ax3gnkp29 843255 843254 2026-05-30T08:26:12Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347715729|Saleh Gomaa]]" 843255 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Saleh Gomaa''' ( Arabic An haife shi a ranar 1 ga Agusta 1993) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Masar wanda a da ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar Al Ahly wasa kuma a halin yanzu yana bugawa ƙungiyar Ismailia, [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]], da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Masar . Ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Men's Football |url=http://www.london2012.com/football/event/men/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205005957/www.london2012.com/football/event/men/ |archive-date=5 December 2012 |access-date=30 July 2012 |publisher=London2012.com}}</ref> A matsayinsa na ɗan shekara 19, ya buga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta 2013 a Algeria kuma ya lashe kyautar "Ɗan wasan Gasar", lokacin da Masarawa suka lashe kofinsu. Shi ne babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Masar Abdallah Gomaa . == Sana'a == Gomaa ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar wasa kuma shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙaranci a ƙungiyar lokacin da ya wakilci Masar a gasar Olympics ta London ta 2012. A cikin shekara ɗaya kacal, Gomaa ya wakilci Masar a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da shekaru 20, 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 23, da kuma ƙungiyar farko. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=July 24, 2012 |title=Player Profile: Saleh Gomaa |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2012/07/24/olympic-profile-saleh-gomaa/}}</ref> === Tare da kulab === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |ƙungiyar ! rowspan="2" | kakar wasa ! colspan="2" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Kofi ! colspan="2" | Gasar nahiyar Afirka ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! APP ! Ƙwallaye ! APP ! Ƙwallaye ! APP ! Ƙwallaye ! APP ! Ƙwallaye |- | rowspan="5" | ENPPI SC | 2010–2011 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 0 | colspan="2" | — | '''14''' | '''0''' |- | 2011–2012 | 8 | 0 | | | 3 | 0 | '''11''' | '''0''' |- | 2012–2013 | 1 | 0 | | | 1 | 0 | '''2''' | '''0''' |- | 2013–2014 | 2 | 1 | | | colspan="2" | — | '''2''' | '''1''' |- ! Jimilla ! 21 ! 1 ! 4 ! 0 ! 4 ! 0 ! 29 ! 1 |- | rowspan="3" | Nacional Madeira (aron) | 2013–2014 | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | colspan="2" | — | '''14''' | '''1''' |- | 2014–2015 | 23 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | '''32''' | '''1''' |- ! Jimilla ! 36 ! 2 ! 8 ! 0 ! 2 ! 0 ! 46 ! 2 |- | rowspan="4" | Al Ahly | 2014–2015 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | '''2''' | '''0''' |- | 2015–2016 | 18 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | '''23''' | '''0''' |- | 2016–2017 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | '''7''' | '''0''' |- ! Jimilla ! 24 ! 2 ! 2 ! 0 ! 6 ! 0 ! 32 ! 2 |} == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Gomaa memba ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Masar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 da ta lashe gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 a [[Aljeriya|Algeria]] a shekarar 2013. Ya zira kwallaye biyu a gasar, ciki har da bugun fenariti a wasan ƙarshe da suka fafata da Ghana. An zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasan da ya fi kowa a gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 April 2013 |title=Zinedine Ferhat dans l'équipe type de la CAF |url=http://www.dzfoot.com/news-13410-can-u20-zinedine-ferhat-dans-l-equipe-type-de-la-caf.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403221353/http://www.dzfoot.com/news-13410-can-u20-zinedine-ferhat-dans-l-equipe-type-de-la-caf.php |archive-date=3 April 2013 |access-date=1 April 2013 |publisher=DZFoot |language=fr}}</ref> Gomaa ya kasance babban ɗan wasa a ƙungiyar Masar a gasar CAF U23 Championship da aka yi a Morocco. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=July 24, 2012 |title=Player Profile: Saleh Gomaa |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2012/07/24/olympic-profile-saleh-gomaa/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.kingfut.com/2012/07/24/olympic-profile-saleh-gomaa/ "Player Profile: Saleh Gomaa"]. </cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Rukuni:CS1 maint: archived copy as title]] l6u34fo822ab1im6de82xtgodfbiz17 843256 843255 2026-05-30T08:26:38Z Engineer014 44591 843256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Saleh Gomaa''' ( Arabic An haife shi a ranar 1 ga Agusta 1993) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Masar wanda a da ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar Al Ahly wasa kuma a halin yanzu yana bugawa ƙungiyar Ismailia, [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]], da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Masar . Ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Men's Football |url=http://www.london2012.com/football/event/men/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205005957/www.london2012.com/football/event/men/ |archive-date=5 December 2012 |access-date=30 July 2012 |publisher=London2012.com}}</ref> A matsayinsa na ɗan shekara 19, ya buga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta 2013 a Algeria kuma ya lashe kyautar "Ɗan wasan Gasar", lokacin da Masarawa suka lashe kofinsu. Shi ne babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Masar Abdallah Gomaa . == Sana'a == Gomaa ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar wasa kuma shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙaranci a ƙungiyar lokacin da ya wakilci Masar a gasar Olympics ta London ta 2012. A cikin shekara ɗaya kacal, Gomaa ya wakilci Masar a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da shekaru 20, 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 23, da kuma ƙungiyar farko. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=July 24, 2012 |title=Player Profile: Saleh Gomaa |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2012/07/24/olympic-profile-saleh-gomaa/}}</ref> === Tare da kulab === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |ƙungiyar ! rowspan="2" | kakar wasa ! colspan="2" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Kofi ! colspan="2" | Gasar nahiyar Afirka ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! APP ! Ƙwallaye ! APP ! Ƙwallaye ! APP ! Ƙwallaye ! APP ! Ƙwallaye |- | rowspan="5" | ENPPI SC | 2010–2011 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 0 | colspan="2" | — | '''14''' | '''0''' |- | 2011–2012 | 8 | 0 | | | 3 | 0 | '''11''' | '''0''' |- | 2012–2013 | 1 | 0 | | | 1 | 0 | '''2''' | '''0''' |- | 2013–2014 | 2 | 1 | | | colspan="2" | — | '''2''' | '''1''' |- ! Jimilla ! 21 ! 1 ! 4 ! 0 ! 4 ! 0 ! 29 ! 1 |- | rowspan="3" | Nacional Madeira (aron) | 2013–2014 | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | colspan="2" | — | '''14''' | '''1''' |- | 2014–2015 | 23 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | '''32''' | '''1''' |- ! Jimilla ! 36 ! 2 ! 8 ! 0 ! 2 ! 0 ! 46 ! 2 |- | rowspan="4" | Al Ahly | 2014–2015 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | '''2''' | '''0''' |- | 2015–2016 | 18 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | '''23''' | '''0''' |- | 2016–2017 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | '''7''' | '''0''' |- ! Jimilla ! 24 ! 2 ! 2 ! 0 ! 6 ! 0 ! 32 ! 2 |} == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Gomaa memba ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Masar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 da ta lashe gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 a [[Aljeriya|Algeria]] a shekarar 2013. Ya zira kwallaye biyu a gasar, ciki har da bugun fenariti a wasan ƙarshe da suka fafata da Ghana. An zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasan da ya fi kowa a gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 April 2013 |title=Zinedine Ferhat dans l'équipe type de la CAF |url=http://www.dzfoot.com/news-13410-can-u20-zinedine-ferhat-dans-l-equipe-type-de-la-caf.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403221353/http://www.dzfoot.com/news-13410-can-u20-zinedine-ferhat-dans-l-equipe-type-de-la-caf.php |archive-date=3 April 2013 |access-date=1 April 2013 |publisher=DZFoot |language=fr}}</ref> Gomaa ya kasance babban ɗan wasa a ƙungiyar Masar a gasar CAF U23 Championship da aka yi a Morocco. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=July 24, 2012 |title=Player Profile: Saleh Gomaa |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2012/07/24/olympic-profile-saleh-gomaa/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.kingfut.com/2012/07/24/olympic-profile-saleh-gomaa/ "Player Profile: Saleh Gomaa"]. </cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Rukuni:CS1 maint: archived copy as title]] dkyk1zrwplznq07yj2cqtmvlnugsa4w 0 153399 843257 2026-05-30T08:30:57Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353875306|Diego Dorregaray]]" 843257 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diego Fernando Dorregaray''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Mayu 1992) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na ƙasar Argentina wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai ci gaba a ƙungiyar La Liga 2 ta Farense . == Sana'a == '''Saleh Gomaa''' ( Arabic An haife shi a ranar 1 ga Agusta 1993) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Masar wanda a da ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar Al Ahly wasa kuma a halin yanzu yana bugawa ƙungiyar Ismailia, [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]], da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Masar . Ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Men's Football |url=http://www.london2012.com/football/event/men/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205005957/www.london2012.com/football/event/men/ |archive-date=5 December 2012 |access-date=30 July 2012 |publisher=London2012.com}}</ref> A matsayinsa na ɗan shekara 19, ya buga gasar cin kofin Afirka A shekarar 2015, Dorregaray ya shiga ƙungiyar 'yan wasan Primera D Metropolitana Sportivo Barracas . Ya zira kwallaye goma sha biyu a cikin shekaru ashirin da bakwai, yayin da suka sami damar shiga matsayi na huɗu . <ref name="BDFA 1" /> A watan Yulin 2016, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zuwa Atlanta . Daga baya ya zira kwallaye goma a wasanni daban-daban a Primera B Metropolitana . <ref name="Soccerway" /> A ranar 8 ga Yuli, 2017, Dorregaray ya koma ƙungiyar Guayaquil City ta ƙasar Ecuador a gasar Serie A. Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 14 ga Yuli a wasan da suka yi da Deportivo Cuenca, wanda ya riga ya zura ƙwallo ta farko a raga a lokacin da suka tashi kunnen doki 1-1 da Emelec a Estadio Christian Benítez Betancourt . <ref name="Soccerway" /> An ci gaba da zura ƙwallo a ragar El Nacional, Clan Juvenil, Universidad Católica da LDU Quito yayin da Guayaquil City ta kare a matsayi na tara a mataki na biyu. <ref name="Soccerway" /> Dorregaray ya tashi a tsakiyar kakar wasa ta gaba, bayan ya ci musu kwallaye uku a 2018. <ref name="Soccerway" /> Ya koma Argentina tare da Defensores de Belgrano a watan Yulin 2018. A watan Janairun da ya biyo baya, ya koma Técnico Universitario a Ecuador. Dorregaray ya zura kwallaye bakwai, ciki har da daya a wasan farko da ya buga da Universidad Católica, a tsawon shekaru biyu. <ref name="Soccerway" /> A ranar 4 ga Yuli, 2020, ya sanya hannu da abokin wasansa na Ecuador Deportivo Cuenca a kan yarjejeniyar canja wuri kyauta, inda ya zira kwallaye 21 a cikin kakar wasa ɗaya da rabi kafin ya koma kulob din Premier League na Masar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] . Bayan ƙasa da zangon karatu ɗaya, Dorregaray ya soke kwangilarsa ya koma kulob din Nea Salamina na Cyprus, inda ya zira kwallaye 27 a cikin kakar wasa ɗaya da rabi. A watan Disamba na 2023, kulob din Universitario de Deportes na Peruvian Liga 1 ya sanya hannu kan Dorregaray. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 December 2023 |title=Universitario anunció el fichaje de Diego Dorregaray |trans-title=Universitario announced the signing of Diego Dorregaray |url=https://www.americatv.com.pe/deportes/futbol-peruano/universitario-anuncio-fichaje-diego-dorregaray-n441273 |access-date=7 January 2024 |website=[[América Televisión|América]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> A ranar 18 ga Agusta 2025, Dorregaray ya rattaba hannu tare da Farense a Portugal. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 August 2025 |title=Diego Dorregaray é o novo reforço para o ataque! |trans-title=Diego Dorregaray is the new addition to the attack! |url=https://www.scfarense.pt/noticia-detalhe.php?n=415 |access-date=19 November 2025 |publisher=S.C. Farense |language=pt}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ɗan’uwan Dorregaray, Marcelo, shi ma ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne; musamman yana nuna don Puerto Nuevo a cikin Primera D Metropolitana . == Ƙididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Club statistics ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" |Sportivo Barracas |[[2015 Primera D Metropolitana|2015]] | rowspan="1" |Primera D Metropolitana |27 |12 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |27 |12 |- |2016 | rowspan="1" |Primera C Metropolitana |15 |6 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |16 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !42 !18 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !0 !0 !43 !18 |- | rowspan="1" |Atlanta |2016–17 | rowspan="1" |Primera B Metropolitana |26 |10 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |28 |11 |- | rowspan="3" |Guayaquil City |2017 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |17 |5 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |17 |5 |- |2018 |19 |3 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |19 |3 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !36 !8 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !0 !0 !36 !8 |- | rowspan="1" |Defensores de Belgrano |2018–19 | rowspan="1" |Primera B Nacional |21 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |21 |1 |- | rowspan="3" |Técnico Universitario |2019 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |14 |6 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |14 |6 |- |2020 |5 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |5 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !19 !7 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !0 !0 !19 !7 |- | rowspan="3" |Deportivo Cuenca |2020 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |23 |7 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |23 |7 |- |2021 |2 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |2 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !25 !8 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !0 !0 !25 !8 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !169 !52 !2 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !1 !0 !172 !53 |} ; Jami'ar Deportes == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] 9s8xypvude6us3r0ci3mub4aou5dkz3 843258 843257 2026-05-30T08:31:37Z Engineer014 44591 843258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Diego Fernando Dorregaray''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Mayu 1992) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] na ƙasar Argentina wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai ci gaba a ƙungiyar La Liga 2 ta Farense . == Sana'a == '''Saleh Gomaa''' ( Arabic An haife shi a ranar 1 ga Agusta 1993) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Masar wanda a da ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar Al Ahly wasa kuma a halin yanzu yana bugawa ƙungiyar Ismailia, [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]], da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Masar . Ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar cin kofin Afirka ta 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Men's Football |url=http://www.london2012.com/football/event/men/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205005957/www.london2012.com/football/event/men/ |archive-date=5 December 2012 |access-date=30 July 2012 |publisher=London2012.com}}</ref> A matsayinsa na ɗan shekara 19, ya buga gasar cin kofin Afirka A shekarar 2015, Dorregaray ya shiga ƙungiyar 'yan wasan Primera D Metropolitana Sportivo Barracas . Ya zira kwallaye goma sha biyu a cikin shekaru ashirin da bakwai, yayin da suka sami damar shiga matsayi na huɗu . <ref name="BDFA 1" /> A watan Yulin 2016, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zuwa Atlanta . Daga baya ya zira kwallaye goma a wasanni daban-daban a Primera B Metropolitana . <ref name="Soccerway" /> A ranar 8 ga Yuli, 2017, Dorregaray ya koma ƙungiyar Guayaquil City ta ƙasar Ecuador a gasar Serie A. Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 14 ga Yuli a wasan da suka yi da Deportivo Cuenca, wanda ya riga ya zura ƙwallo ta farko a raga a lokacin da suka tashi kunnen doki 1-1 da Emelec a Estadio Christian Benítez Betancourt . <ref name="Soccerway" /> An ci gaba da zura ƙwallo a ragar El Nacional, Clan Juvenil, Universidad Católica da LDU Quito yayin da Guayaquil City ta kare a matsayi na tara a mataki na biyu. <ref name="Soccerway" /> Dorregaray ya tashi a tsakiyar kakar wasa ta gaba, bayan ya ci musu kwallaye uku a 2018. <ref name="Soccerway" /> Ya koma Argentina tare da Defensores de Belgrano a watan Yulin 2018. A watan Janairun da ya biyo baya, ya koma Técnico Universitario a Ecuador. Dorregaray ya zura kwallaye bakwai, ciki har da daya a wasan farko da ya buga da Universidad Católica, a tsawon shekaru biyu. <ref name="Soccerway" /> A ranar 4 ga Yuli, 2020, ya sanya hannu da abokin wasansa na Ecuador Deportivo Cuenca a kan yarjejeniyar canja wuri kyauta, inda ya zira kwallaye 21 a cikin kakar wasa ɗaya da rabi kafin ya koma kulob din Premier League na Masar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] . Bayan ƙasa da zangon karatu ɗaya, Dorregaray ya soke kwangilarsa ya koma kulob din Nea Salamina na Cyprus, inda ya zira kwallaye 27 a cikin kakar wasa ɗaya da rabi. A watan Disamba na 2023, kulob din Universitario de Deportes na Peruvian Liga 1 ya sanya hannu kan Dorregaray. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 December 2023 |title=Universitario anunció el fichaje de Diego Dorregaray |trans-title=Universitario announced the signing of Diego Dorregaray |url=https://www.americatv.com.pe/deportes/futbol-peruano/universitario-anuncio-fichaje-diego-dorregaray-n441273 |access-date=7 January 2024 |website=[[América Televisión|América]] |language=Spanish}}</ref> A ranar 18 ga Agusta 2025, Dorregaray ya rattaba hannu tare da Farense a Portugal. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 August 2025 |title=Diego Dorregaray é o novo reforço para o ataque! |trans-title=Diego Dorregaray is the new addition to the attack! |url=https://www.scfarense.pt/noticia-detalhe.php?n=415 |access-date=19 November 2025 |publisher=S.C. Farense |language=pt}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ɗan’uwan Dorregaray, Marcelo, shi ma ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne; musamman yana nuna don Puerto Nuevo a cikin Primera D Metropolitana . == Ƙididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Club statistics ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" |Sportivo Barracas |[[2015 Primera D Metropolitana|2015]] | rowspan="1" |Primera D Metropolitana |27 |12 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |27 |12 |- |2016 | rowspan="1" |Primera C Metropolitana |15 |6 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |16 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !42 !18 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !0 !0 !43 !18 |- | rowspan="1" |Atlanta |2016–17 | rowspan="1" |Primera B Metropolitana |26 |10 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |28 |11 |- | rowspan="3" |Guayaquil City |2017 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |17 |5 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |17 |5 |- |2018 |19 |3 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |19 |3 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !36 !8 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !0 !0 !36 !8 |- | rowspan="1" |Defensores de Belgrano |2018–19 | rowspan="1" |Primera B Nacional |21 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |21 |1 |- | rowspan="3" |Técnico Universitario |2019 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |14 |6 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |14 |6 |- |2020 |5 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |5 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !19 !7 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !0 !0 !19 !7 |- | rowspan="3" |Deportivo Cuenca |2020 | rowspan="2" |Serie A |23 |7 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |23 |7 |- |2021 |2 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |2 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !25 !8 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !0 !0 !25 !8 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !169 !52 !2 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !1 !0 !172 !53 |} ; Jami'ar Deportes == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] scabtz8aiusgwdzlh3xrglecy2mwbyb 0 153400 843260 2026-05-30T08:34:30Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353123282|Mohamed Barakat]]" 843260 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Barakat Ahmed Bastamy''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 1976) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Masar. Dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa mai ƙafar dama, yawanci yana buga [[Mai buga tsakiya|ƙwallon ƙafa ta dama]] ko kuma [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na gaba]] a ƙungiyar Al Ahly ta Masar da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar . Mutane da yawa suna ɗaukar Barakat a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa mafi hazaka a Afirka. Abubuwan da ya shahara da su sune yawan gudu daga tsakiyar fili wanda galibi ke kawo cikas ga tsaron baya, da kuma ɗabi'arsa ta aiki [[Mai buga tsakiya|daga akwati zuwa akwati]], wanda hakan ya sa ya zama mutum mai mahimmanci a [[Mai buga tsakiya|fannin tsaro]] da kai hari. Godiya ga nasarorin da ya samu da baiwar da ya samu, magoya bayansa sun ba shi laƙabi da '''The Mercurial''' ( Arabic ), Ya kai kololuwar sa a shekarun 2005 da 2006, inda ya taimaka wa kulob dinsa Al Ahly lashe gasar zakarun Turai ta CAF a 2005 da kuma gasar zakarun Turai ta CAF a 2006, sannan Masar ta lashe [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka]] ta biyar a Masar a 2006. Duk da haka, a shekarar 2006, aikinsa ya fuskanci rauni na tsawon lokaci. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Barakat ya fara aikinsa a Sekka amma ya samu damar buga wasa lokacin da ya koma [[Ismaila SC|Al-Ismaily]] - kulob daya tilo a Masar da ke da ikon tsayawa tsayin daka kan manyan 'yan wasan Al Ahly da Zamalek . === Kasashen Gulf === Ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Masar na shekarar 2002 ya koma Ahly Jeddah a Saudiyya. Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar Larabawa ta lashe gasar cin kofin Larabawa ta 2003. Barakat ya zira kwallaye biyu a wannan gasar; ciki har da ƙwallon da ta ci nasara a wasan ƙarshe. Sannan ya je Alarabi a Qatar. === Al Ahly === Barakat ya koma Masar a shekarar 2004 don ya koma Al Ahly . Wasu sun yi tsokaci cewa haɗin gwiwa da [[Mohammed Aboutrika|Mohamed Aboutrika]] da Emad Moteab ne suka zama ƙungiya mafi ƙarfi a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Afirka, kuma an ba su suna "The Bermuda Triangle". Mohamed Barakat ya lashe kyautar BBC Footballer of African Footballer of 2005 kafin [[Samuel Eto'o]] na Kamaru da [[Obafemi Martins]] na Najeriya. Sama da mutane 15,000 ne suka kaɗa masa ƙuri'a. Hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Afirka ta kuma naɗa shi ɗan wasa mafi kyau a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta nahiyar Afirka a wannan shekarar, yayin da ya zira kwallaye 7 a gasar zakarun Afirka ta CAF a 2005. Barakat ya fara kakar wasa ta 2013 da wasu munanan ayyuka, amma bayan wani lokaci ya dawo cikin kyakkyawan yanayinsa kuma ya zira kwallaye a gasar cin kofin CAF Super Cup ta 2013, ƙwallon da ta ba Al Ahly nasara, wadda ta kai ga lashe kofin. Bayan ya buga wasa da Benzarty a gasar zakarun Turai ta CAF 2013 kuma ya zira kwallo daga bugun fenariti, ya kuma taimaka wa Emad Meteb. Makonni biyu bayan haka, an yi ta rade-radin ritayarsa kuma Barakat ya yarda cewa yana tunanin yin ritaya saboda yana da shekaru 37. Bayan kwana biyu, Barakat ya zira kwallaye biyu a kan Enpii a gasar Masar daga bugun fenariti da bugun fenariti. Mutane duk sun yi tunani sun ce har yanzu Barakat tana da kakar wasa ɗaya ko biyu a gaba bayan wannan kyakkyawan aiki da kwallaye da ya zura, kuma ya yi kama da yana da shekaru goma sha takwas a lokacin da yake wasa duk da cewa yana da shekaru 37, amma abin takaici makonni uku bayan haka, Barakat ya sanar da cewa zai yi ritaya a ƙarshen wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya kawo ƙarshen aikin sa. === Ritaya === Bayan fafatawar da aka yi a filin wasa na Port Said, a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 2012, Barakat ya yanke shawarar yin ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru, tare da Emad Motaeb da [[Mohammed Aboutrika|Mohamed Aboutrika]] . Duk da haka, ya sauya shawararsa ya sake komawa Al Ahly. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Barakat ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar Pharaohs wasa a watan Yunin 2000 da Koriya ta Kudu. Ya buga wasanni 4 a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2002 da kuma dukkan wasannin Masar a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2006. Barakat ya ƙare aikinsa na ƙasa da ƙasa a ranar 18 ga Nuwamban 2009 bayan da burinsa na shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2010 ya gamu da cikas sakamakon nasarar da Algeria ta samu da ci 1-0, kamar yadda ya shaida wa manema labarai game da wannan tattaunawar a ranar 11 ga Agustan 2010. == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallayen da ƙungiyar ƙasa ta zura da kuma shekarar da ta gabata <ref>{{NFT player|2092|access-date=5 February 2025}}</ref> ! Tawagar ƙasa ! Shekara ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | rowspan="9" | Misira | 2000 | 5 | 0 |- | 2001 | 19 | 4 |- | 2002 | 13 | 3 |- | 2003 | 3 | 0 |- | 2004 | 5 | 1 |- | 2005 | 8 | 0 |- | 2006 | 9 | 0 |- | 2007 | 1 | 0 |- | 2009 | 6 | 1 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimilla ! 69 ! 9 |} : ''Sakamakon maki da sakamako sun fara nuna adadin kwallayen da Masar ta ci, ginshiƙin maki yana nuna maki bayan kowace ƙwallo da Barakat ta ci.'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamrud |first=Roberto |date=3 April 2014 |title=Mohamed Barakat – Goals in International Matches |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/barakat-intlg.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417122106/https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/barakat-intlg.html |archive-date=17 April 2023 |access-date=5 February 2025 |publisher=[[RSSSF|Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation]]}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] o1nxpb1nzpv3tgv7ywp5fg2zaziof63 843261 843260 2026-05-30T08:35:04Z Engineer014 44591 843261 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mohamed Barakat Ahmed Bastamy''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 1976) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Masar. Dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa mai ƙafar dama, yawanci yana buga [[Mai buga tsakiya|ƙwallon ƙafa ta dama]] ko kuma [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na gaba]] a ƙungiyar Al Ahly ta Masar da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar . Mutane da yawa suna ɗaukar Barakat a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa mafi hazaka a Afirka. Abubuwan da ya shahara da su sune yawan gudu daga tsakiyar fili wanda galibi ke kawo cikas ga tsaron baya, da kuma ɗabi'arsa ta aiki [[Mai buga tsakiya|daga akwati zuwa akwati]], wanda hakan ya sa ya zama mutum mai mahimmanci a [[Mai buga tsakiya|fannin tsaro]] da kai hari. Godiya ga nasarorin da ya samu da baiwar da ya samu, magoya bayansa sun ba shi laƙabi da '''The Mercurial''' ( Arabic ), Ya kai kololuwar sa a shekarun 2005 da 2006, inda ya taimaka wa kulob dinsa Al Ahly lashe gasar zakarun Turai ta CAF a 2005 da kuma gasar zakarun Turai ta CAF a 2006, sannan Masar ta lashe [[Gasar cin kofin Afrika|gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka]] ta biyar a Masar a 2006. Duk da haka, a shekarar 2006, aikinsa ya fuskanci rauni na tsawon lokaci. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Barakat ya fara aikinsa a Sekka amma ya samu damar buga wasa lokacin da ya koma [[Ismaila SC|Al-Ismaily]] - kulob daya tilo a Masar da ke da ikon tsayawa tsayin daka kan manyan 'yan wasan Al Ahly da Zamalek . === Kasashen Gulf === Ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Masar na shekarar 2002 ya koma Ahly Jeddah a Saudiyya. Ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar Larabawa ta lashe gasar cin kofin Larabawa ta 2003. Barakat ya zira kwallaye biyu a wannan gasar; ciki har da ƙwallon da ta ci nasara a wasan ƙarshe. Sannan ya je Alarabi a Qatar. === Al Ahly === Barakat ya koma Masar a shekarar 2004 don ya koma Al Ahly . Wasu sun yi tsokaci cewa haɗin gwiwa da [[Mohammed Aboutrika|Mohamed Aboutrika]] da Emad Moteab ne suka zama ƙungiya mafi ƙarfi a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Afirka, kuma an ba su suna "The Bermuda Triangle". Mohamed Barakat ya lashe kyautar BBC Footballer of African Footballer of 2005 kafin [[Samuel Eto'o]] na Kamaru da [[Obafemi Martins]] na Najeriya. Sama da mutane 15,000 ne suka kaɗa masa ƙuri'a. Hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Afirka ta kuma naɗa shi ɗan wasa mafi kyau a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta nahiyar Afirka a wannan shekarar, yayin da ya zira kwallaye 7 a gasar zakarun Afirka ta CAF a 2005. Barakat ya fara kakar wasa ta 2013 da wasu munanan ayyuka, amma bayan wani lokaci ya dawo cikin kyakkyawan yanayinsa kuma ya zira kwallaye a gasar cin kofin CAF Super Cup ta 2013, ƙwallon da ta ba Al Ahly nasara, wadda ta kai ga lashe kofin. Bayan ya buga wasa da Benzarty a gasar zakarun Turai ta CAF 2013 kuma ya zira kwallo daga bugun fenariti, ya kuma taimaka wa Emad Meteb. Makonni biyu bayan haka, an yi ta rade-radin ritayarsa kuma Barakat ya yarda cewa yana tunanin yin ritaya saboda yana da shekaru 37. Bayan kwana biyu, Barakat ya zira kwallaye biyu a kan Enpii a gasar Masar daga bugun fenariti da bugun fenariti. Mutane duk sun yi tunani sun ce har yanzu Barakat tana da kakar wasa ɗaya ko biyu a gaba bayan wannan kyakkyawan aiki da kwallaye da ya zura, kuma ya yi kama da yana da shekaru goma sha takwas a lokacin da yake wasa duk da cewa yana da shekaru 37, amma abin takaici makonni uku bayan haka, Barakat ya sanar da cewa zai yi ritaya a ƙarshen wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya kawo ƙarshen aikin sa. === Ritaya === Bayan fafatawar da aka yi a filin wasa na Port Said, a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 2012, Barakat ya yanke shawarar yin ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru, tare da Emad Motaeb da [[Mohammed Aboutrika|Mohamed Aboutrika]] . Duk da haka, ya sauya shawararsa ya sake komawa Al Ahly. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Barakat ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar Pharaohs wasa a watan Yunin 2000 da Koriya ta Kudu. Ya buga wasanni 4 a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2002 da kuma dukkan wasannin Masar a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2006. Barakat ya ƙare aikinsa na ƙasa da ƙasa a ranar 18 ga Nuwamban 2009 bayan da burinsa na shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2010 ya gamu da cikas sakamakon nasarar da Algeria ta samu da ci 1-0, kamar yadda ya shaida wa manema labarai game da wannan tattaunawar a ranar 11 ga Agustan 2010. == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallayen da ƙungiyar ƙasa ta zura da kuma shekarar da ta gabata <ref>{{NFT player|2092|access-date=5 February 2025}}</ref> ! Tawagar ƙasa ! Shekara ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | rowspan="9" | Misira | 2000 | 5 | 0 |- | 2001 | 19 | 4 |- | 2002 | 13 | 3 |- | 2003 | 3 | 0 |- | 2004 | 5 | 1 |- | 2005 | 8 | 0 |- | 2006 | 9 | 0 |- | 2007 | 1 | 0 |- | 2009 | 6 | 1 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimilla ! 69 ! 9 |} : ''Sakamakon maki da sakamako sun fara nuna adadin kwallayen da Masar ta ci, ginshiƙin maki yana nuna maki bayan kowace ƙwallo da Barakat ta ci.'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamrud |first=Roberto |date=3 April 2014 |title=Mohamed Barakat – Goals in International Matches |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/barakat-intlg.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417122106/https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/barakat-intlg.html |archive-date=17 April 2023 |access-date=5 February 2025 |publisher=[[RSSSF|Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation]]}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] hd1t9eqszu39bqkyl7d1u1trs5tgzpi 0 153401 843262 2026-05-30T08:38:28Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354528654|Abdessalam Benjelloun]]" 843262 wikitext text/x-wiki Benjelloun ya fara aikinsa a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa Morocco, kafin ya koma ƙungiyar Hibernian ta Scotland a shekara ta 2006. Benjelloun ya samu ɗan nasara a Hibs, inda ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin Scotland a shekara ta 2007, amma an ba shi aro sau biyu ga ƙungiyoyin [[Beljik|Belgium]] daga baya kafin a sake shi a ƙarshen kwangilarsa a shekara ta 2010. Daga nan Benjelloun ya rattaba hannu a ƙungiyar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] ta Masar, amma ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa Morocco a watan Janairun 2011. A matakin ƙasa da ƙasa, ya wakilci [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Morocco]] . == Aikin kulob == === Hibernian === An haifi Benjelloun a [[Fas|Fes]] . Ya yi atisaye tare da Hibernian na tsawon makonni da dama a farkon shekarar 2006, yayin da ''Hibs'' ya tantance ko zai saye shi daga kulob din garinsu [[Maghreb de Fès|na Maghreb Fez]] . Daga nan sai Hibs ya fara aiwatar da tsarin tattara takardun da ake bukata don sanya hannu a kansa. A wannan lokacin, jita-jita ta yadu a shafukan intanet na Hibs cewa Hibs ya gano wani babban haziki, don haka an yi tsammanin hakan sosai lokacin da aka sanar da sanya hannu na Benjelloun a hukumance a watan Maris na 2006. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2006 |title=Hibs Sign Abdessalam Benjelloun |url=http://www.hibernian-mad.co.uk/news/loadroll.asp?cid=ED11&id=272947 |publisher=Hibernian Mad}}</ref> Ya fara buga wa Hibernian wasa a wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar cin kofin Scotland ta 2006 a hannun abokan hamayyarsa na gida Hearts a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2006. An tilasta wa manaja Tony Mowbray ya buga wa Benjelloun wasa a wannan wasan saboda rauni ( Chris Killen ), dakatarwa ( Derek Riordan ), dokokin canja wurin kofi ( Paul Dalglish ) da kuma sayar da Garry O'Connor . Benjelloun ya nuna ƙarfinsa a wasan tsere na Edinburgh a ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2006, lokacin da ya fito daga benci don ya ci ƙwallon da ta yi nasara. 'Benji' ya zama gwarzo nan take tare da magoya bayan Hibernian, kodayake bikin zura ƙwallo da ya yi ya haifar da ce-ce-ku-ce. Ya yi gudu da ƙarfi zuwa ga magoya bayan Hearts, bayan ya zura ƙwallo a ɗayan ƙarshen filin. Abin farin ciki, mai tsaron gidan Hibs, Zibi Małkowski, ya sami nasarar hana Benji isa ga magoya bayan Hearts, ko kuma wani babban lamari ya faru. Hibs ya ɗauki wani ɗan wasan Morocco, Merouane Zemmama, a farkon kakar wasa ta 2006-07 . An yi tunanin cewa wannan zai taimaka wa Benji ya zauna a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Scotland, kuma ya ba Hibs kwallaye biyu a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin League ta Scotland da Kilmarnock a shekarar 2007. A lokacin ana sa ran Benjelloun zai buga wasa a fili a kakar wasa ta 2007-08, amma ya sha fama da rauni, inda ya zira kwallo ɗaya kacal a wasannin gasa. Ƙungiyoyin Belgian First Division A sun yi masa sha'awar. An ruwaito cewa Anderlecht na kallonsa kuma Westerlo ya yi watsi da tayin a watan Yulin 2008. Bayan da Benjelloun ya kammala wasannin aro sau biyu a kakar wasa ta 2008-09, sabon kocin Hibernian John Hughes ya yi ikirarin cewa Benjelloun har yanzu yana da makoma a kulob din. A ranar 20 ga Yuli 2009, kulob din gasar Premier ta Masar Al Ahly ya yi ikirarin cewa sun sayi Benjelloun a kan kwantiragin shekaru uku, amma an soke yarjejeniyar kwanaki bayan haka. Daga karshe Benjelloun ya koma horo tare da Hibs a farkon watan Agusta, kuma ya zura kwallon da ta yi nasara a wasansu na farko na kakar wasa ta 2009-10. Ya rike matsayi na yau da kullun a kungiyar yana taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba na biyu a cikin 'yan watanni masu zuwa, amma ya yi fama da rashin nasarar da kungiyar ta farko ta samu bayan haka kuma aka sake shi a karshen kakar wasa. A wasan karshe na kakar wasa, an nuna cewa Benji yana kuka, watakila yana tsammanin za a sake shi. === Charleroi === Hibs ya amince ya ba da Benji ga Charleroi a watan Agustan 2008 a kan aro na tsawon kakar wasa, inda ƙungiyar ta Belgium ke da zaɓin siyan ɗan wasan kai tsaye. An tabbatar da yarjejeniyar a wannan ranar a shafin yanar gizon Charleroi, inda aka ɗauki hoton Benjelloun a cikin sabon salon ƙungiyarsa. <ref name="Charleroi">{{Cite web |date=8 August 2008 |title=Deux renforts offensifs pour le RCSC ! |url=http://www.sporting-charleroi.be/code/fr/hp_news_plus.asp?pk_id_news=5663 |publisher=[[R. Charleroi S.C.|Charleroi]] |language=French}}</ref> Duk da zura kwallaye a wasansa na farko da Roeselare, Benji ya kasa riƙe matsayi na yau da kullun kuma ya buga wasanni takwas kacal a lokacin zaman aronsa. Jaridar ''Scotsman'' ta ruwaito a ranar 2 ga Janairun 2009 cewa Benjelloun ya "jure" wani mawuyacin hali a Belgium saboda raunuka. Charleroi ya yanke shawarar kada ya yi amfani da zaɓinsa na siyan Benjelloun, wanda ke nufin ya koma Hibs. Benjelloun daga baya ya yi tsokaci cewa ya fuskanci matsaloli na kashin kansa a lokacin da yake tare da Charleroi. === Roeselare === Kulob din Al Shaab da ke Sharjah ya cimma yarjejeniya bisa manufa don siyan Benjelloun, amma bai iya cimma yarjejeniya da Hibs ba. A ƙarshen lokacin canja wurin 'yan wasa, Benjelloun ya sanya hannu a matsayin aro ga wata ƙungiyar Belgium First Division A, Roeselare, har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa. Benjelloun ya zira kwallaye biyar a wasanni biyar na farko na Roselare shida da suka gabata yayin da suka riƙe matsayinsu na gasar a wasannin share fage na faduwa. Ya ji rauni a wasansu na ƙarshe kuma bai buga wasansu na ƙarshe ba. === Ismaily === Bayan da Hibs ya sake shi a watan Mayun 2010, Benjelloun ya amince da kwantiragin shekaru biyu da Greuther Fürth, na Jamus, na kulob din Bundesliga . Duk da haka, bai kammala cinikin ba, inda kungiyar ta yi ikirarin cewa ya nemi kudi da yawa. Ba da daɗewa ba, Benjelloun ya rattaba hannu a kulob din [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] na Masar . Ya buga wasanni bakwai kacal kafin ya bar kulob din a watan Janairun 2011. === Komawa zuwa Morocco === [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|Morocco]] ce ta fara zaɓen Benjelloun a kakar wasa ta 2007-08. Ya zura kwallaye a wasansa na farko a ƙasashen waje, a wasan da suka yi da Belgium da ci 4-1 a Brussels. Daga nan aka zaɓe shi don shiga gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2010 a ƙarshen kakar wasa. Benjelloun ya zura kwallaye a wasanni biyu na farko, da Habasha da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Mauritania|Mauritania]] . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] tb4n90qub6nv2gkf953v4y6pyevh2z9 843263 843262 2026-05-30T08:39:01Z Engineer014 44591 843263 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Benjelloun ya fara aikinsa a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa Morocco, kafin ya koma ƙungiyar Hibernian ta Scotland a shekara ta 2006. Benjelloun ya samu ɗan nasara a Hibs, inda ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin Scotland a shekara ta 2007, amma an ba shi aro sau biyu ga ƙungiyoyin [[Beljik|Belgium]] daga baya kafin a sake shi a ƙarshen kwangilarsa a shekara ta 2010. Daga nan Benjelloun ya rattaba hannu a ƙungiyar [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] ta Masar, amma ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa Morocco a watan Janairun 2011. A matakin ƙasa da ƙasa, ya wakilci [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Morocco]] . == Aikin kulob == === Hibernian === An haifi Benjelloun a [[Fas|Fes]] . Ya yi atisaye tare da Hibernian na tsawon makonni da dama a farkon shekarar 2006, yayin da ''Hibs'' ya tantance ko zai saye shi daga kulob din garinsu [[Maghreb de Fès|na Maghreb Fez]] . Daga nan sai Hibs ya fara aiwatar da tsarin tattara takardun da ake bukata don sanya hannu a kansa. A wannan lokacin, jita-jita ta yadu a shafukan intanet na Hibs cewa Hibs ya gano wani babban haziki, don haka an yi tsammanin hakan sosai lokacin da aka sanar da sanya hannu na Benjelloun a hukumance a watan Maris na 2006. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2006 |title=Hibs Sign Abdessalam Benjelloun |url=http://www.hibernian-mad.co.uk/news/loadroll.asp?cid=ED11&id=272947 |publisher=Hibernian Mad}}</ref> Ya fara buga wa Hibernian wasa a wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar cin kofin Scotland ta 2006 a hannun abokan hamayyarsa na gida Hearts a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 2006. An tilasta wa manaja Tony Mowbray ya buga wa Benjelloun wasa a wannan wasan saboda rauni ( Chris Killen ), dakatarwa ( Derek Riordan ), dokokin canja wurin kofi ( Paul Dalglish ) da kuma sayar da Garry O'Connor . Benjelloun ya nuna ƙarfinsa a wasan tsere na Edinburgh a ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2006, lokacin da ya fito daga benci don ya ci ƙwallon da ta yi nasara. 'Benji' ya zama gwarzo nan take tare da magoya bayan Hibernian, kodayake bikin zura ƙwallo da ya yi ya haifar da ce-ce-ku-ce. Ya yi gudu da ƙarfi zuwa ga magoya bayan Hearts, bayan ya zura ƙwallo a ɗayan ƙarshen filin. Abin farin ciki, mai tsaron gidan Hibs, Zibi Małkowski, ya sami nasarar hana Benji isa ga magoya bayan Hearts, ko kuma wani babban lamari ya faru. Hibs ya ɗauki wani ɗan wasan Morocco, Merouane Zemmama, a farkon kakar wasa ta 2006-07 . An yi tunanin cewa wannan zai taimaka wa Benji ya zauna a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Scotland, kuma ya ba Hibs kwallaye biyu a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin League ta Scotland da Kilmarnock a shekarar 2007. A lokacin ana sa ran Benjelloun zai buga wasa a fili a kakar wasa ta 2007-08, amma ya sha fama da rauni, inda ya zira kwallo ɗaya kacal a wasannin gasa. Ƙungiyoyin Belgian First Division A sun yi masa sha'awar. An ruwaito cewa Anderlecht na kallonsa kuma Westerlo ya yi watsi da tayin a watan Yulin 2008. Bayan da Benjelloun ya kammala wasannin aro sau biyu a kakar wasa ta 2008-09, sabon kocin Hibernian John Hughes ya yi ikirarin cewa Benjelloun har yanzu yana da makoma a kulob din. A ranar 20 ga Yuli 2009, kulob din gasar Premier ta Masar Al Ahly ya yi ikirarin cewa sun sayi Benjelloun a kan kwantiragin shekaru uku, amma an soke yarjejeniyar kwanaki bayan haka. Daga karshe Benjelloun ya koma horo tare da Hibs a farkon watan Agusta, kuma ya zura kwallon da ta yi nasara a wasansu na farko na kakar wasa ta 2009-10. Ya rike matsayi na yau da kullun a kungiyar yana taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba na biyu a cikin 'yan watanni masu zuwa, amma ya yi fama da rashin nasarar da kungiyar ta farko ta samu bayan haka kuma aka sake shi a karshen kakar wasa. A wasan karshe na kakar wasa, an nuna cewa Benji yana kuka, watakila yana tsammanin za a sake shi. === Charleroi === Hibs ya amince ya ba da Benji ga Charleroi a watan Agustan 2008 a kan aro na tsawon kakar wasa, inda ƙungiyar ta Belgium ke da zaɓin siyan ɗan wasan kai tsaye. An tabbatar da yarjejeniyar a wannan ranar a shafin yanar gizon Charleroi, inda aka ɗauki hoton Benjelloun a cikin sabon salon ƙungiyarsa. <ref name="Charleroi">{{Cite web |date=8 August 2008 |title=Deux renforts offensifs pour le RCSC ! |url=http://www.sporting-charleroi.be/code/fr/hp_news_plus.asp?pk_id_news=5663 |publisher=[[R. Charleroi S.C.|Charleroi]] |language=French}}</ref> Duk da zura kwallaye a wasansa na farko da Roeselare, Benji ya kasa riƙe matsayi na yau da kullun kuma ya buga wasanni takwas kacal a lokacin zaman aronsa. Jaridar ''Scotsman'' ta ruwaito a ranar 2 ga Janairun 2009 cewa Benjelloun ya "jure" wani mawuyacin hali a Belgium saboda raunuka. Charleroi ya yanke shawarar kada ya yi amfani da zaɓinsa na siyan Benjelloun, wanda ke nufin ya koma Hibs. Benjelloun daga baya ya yi tsokaci cewa ya fuskanci matsaloli na kashin kansa a lokacin da yake tare da Charleroi. === Roeselare === Kulob din Al Shaab da ke Sharjah ya cimma yarjejeniya bisa manufa don siyan Benjelloun, amma bai iya cimma yarjejeniya da Hibs ba. A ƙarshen lokacin canja wurin 'yan wasa, Benjelloun ya sanya hannu a matsayin aro ga wata ƙungiyar Belgium First Division A, Roeselare, har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa. Benjelloun ya zira kwallaye biyar a wasanni biyar na farko na Roselare shida da suka gabata yayin da suka riƙe matsayinsu na gasar a wasannin share fage na faduwa. Ya ji rauni a wasansu na ƙarshe kuma bai buga wasansu na ƙarshe ba. === Ismaily === Bayan da Hibs ya sake shi a watan Mayun 2010, Benjelloun ya amince da kwantiragin shekaru biyu da Greuther Fürth, na Jamus, na kulob din Bundesliga . Duk da haka, bai kammala cinikin ba, inda kungiyar ta yi ikirarin cewa ya nemi kudi da yawa. Ba da daɗewa ba, Benjelloun ya rattaba hannu a kulob din [[Ismaila SC|Ismaily SC]] na Masar . Ya buga wasanni bakwai kacal kafin ya bar kulob din a watan Janairun 2011. === Komawa zuwa Morocco === [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|Morocco]] ce ta fara zaɓen Benjelloun a kakar wasa ta 2007-08. Ya zura kwallaye a wasansa na farko a ƙasashen waje, a wasan da suka yi da Belgium da ci 4-1 a Brussels. Daga nan aka zaɓe shi don shiga gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2010 a ƙarshen kakar wasa. Benjelloun ya zura kwallaye a wasanni biyu na farko, da Habasha da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Mauritania|Mauritania]] . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] b1qln1q55k86cgn3omopxh59ihtfo84 0 153402 843264 2026-05-30T08:40:54Z AsmudEmpire 45212 Kirkira 843264 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafar Amurka ɗan asalin Najeriya (an haife shi a 2001)}} {{Infobox person | name = Ruke Orhorhoro | image = | birth_name = Oghenerukevwe Orhorhoro | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|2001|10|13}} | birth_place = Lagos, Najeriya | nationality = Najeriya da Amurka | occupation = Ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafar Amurka | known_for = NFL Defensive Tackle | years_active = 2024–zuwa yanzu }} '''Oghenerukevwe "Ruke" Orhorhoro''' (an haife shi ranar 13 ga Oktoba, 2001) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafar Amurka ne ɗan asalin Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ''defensive tackle'' a ƙungiyar [[Jacksonville Jaguars]] ta gasar [[National Football League]] (NFL). Ya buga wasan kwaleji a Jami'ar Clemson kafin a zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyu na NFL Draft na shekarar 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruke_Orhorhoro|title=Ruke Orhorhoro|website=Wikipedia}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da karatu == An haifi Ruke Orhorhoro a birnin Lagos na Najeriya ranar 13 ga Oktoba, 2001. Yana ɗan shekara tara ne ya tare tare da iyalinsa zuwa jihar Michigan a ƙasar Amurka. Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta River Rouge High School inda ya fara taka kwallon ƙafa da kwallon kwando. Bayan kammala sakandare ya samu gurbin karatu a Jami'ar Clemson inda ya ci gaba da bunƙasa a wasan ƙwallon ƙafar Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/nfl/ruke-orhorhoro-college|title=Where did Ruke Orhorhoro go to college?|website=Sportskeeda}}</ref> == Aikin kwaleji == Orhorhoro ya wakilci Clemson Tigers daga shekarar 2019 zuwa 2023. A tsawon lokacin da ya yi a Clemson ya buga wasanni sama da 40, inda ya samu nasarar yin tarin ''tackles'', ''sacks'' da sauran bajintoci a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na kariya. A shekarar 2023 an sanya shi cikin jerin '''Third-team All-ACC''' saboda ƙwarewarsa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jaguars.com/news/k000600-roster-moves-jaguars-trade-for-dl-ruke-orhorhoro|title=Roster Moves: Jaguars Trade for DL Ruke Orhorhoro|website=Jacksonville Jaguars}}</ref> == Aikin ƙwararru == === Atlanta Falcons === A shekarar 2024, ƙungiyar [[Atlanta Falcons]] ta zaɓi Orhorhoro a zagaye na biyu na NFL Draft a matsayin zaɓi na 35 gaba ɗaya. Wannan ya sanya shi cikin matasan 'yan wasan Najeriya da suka samu shiga gasar NFL.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/bio/_/id/4430271/ruke-orhorhoro|title=Ruke Orhorhoro Biography|website=ESPN}}</ref> === Jacksonville Jaguars === A watan Afrilu na shekarar 2026, Atlanta Falcons ta musanya shi zuwa ƙungiyar [[Jacksonville Jaguars]] a wani ciniki da ya haɗa da ɗan wasan kariya Maason Smith. Tun daga lokacin yake taka leda a Jaguars.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jaguars.com/news/k000600-roster-moves-jaguars-trade-for-dl-ruke-orhorhoro|title=Roster Moves: Jaguars Trade for DL Ruke Orhorhoro|website=Jacksonville Jaguars}}</ref> == Salon wasa == An san Orhorhoro da ƙarfinsa, saurin motsi da iya dakile masu kai hari. Duk da fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a makare bayan ya fi mayar da hankali kan kwallon kwando a makaranta, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan kariya masu tasowa a NFL.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.si.com/nfl/falcons/disruptive-force-falcons-dl-ruke-orhorhoro-01j29c7ypykk|title=New Disruptive Force on Falcons DL? Meet Ruke Orhorhoro|website=Sports Illustrated}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ruke Orhorhoro ɗan asalin kabilar Urhobo ne daga kudancin Najeriya. Sunansa na farko '''Oghenerukevwe''' na nufin ''"Allah ne ya ba ni wannan"'' a harshen Urhobo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oghenerukevwe|title=Oghenerukevwe|website=Wikipedia}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://www.jaguars.com/team/players-roster/ruke-orhorhoro/ Shafin Ruke Orhorhoro a Jacksonville Jaguars] * [https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/bio/_/id/4430271/ruke-orhorhoro Ruke Orhorhoro a ESPN] {{DEFAULTSORT:Orhorhoro, Ruke}} [[Category:2001 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Lagos]] [[Category:Nigerian players of American football]] [[Category:American football defensive tackles]] [[Category:Jacksonville Jaguars players]] [[Category:Atlanta Falcons players]] [[Category:Clemson Tigers football players]] [[Category:Nigerian emigrants to the United States]] 15vjyptr0uq0pq3x2ahsqv2ge5rckn0 843270 843264 2026-05-30T08:50:14Z AsmudEmpire 45212 843270 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafar Amurka ɗan asalin Najeriya (an haife shi a 2001)}} {{Infobox person | name = Ruke Orhorhoro | image = | birth_name = Oghenerukevwe Orhorhoro | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|2001|10|13}} | birth_place = Lagos, Najeriya | nationality = Najeriya da Amurka | occupation = Ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafar Amurka | known_for = NFL Defensive Tackle | years_active = 2024–zuwa yanzu }} '''Oghenerukevwe "Ruke" Orhorhoro''' (an haife shi ranar 13 ga Oktoba, 2001) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafar Amurka ne ɗan asalin Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ''defensive tackle'' a ƙungiyar Jacksonville Jaguars ta gasar National Football League (NFL). Ya buga wasan kwaleji a Jami'ar Clemson kafin a zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyu na NFL Draft na shekarar 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruke_Orhorhoro|title=Ruke Orhorhoro|website=Wikipedia}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da karatu == An haifi Ruke Orhorhoro a birnin Lagos na Najeriya ranar 13 ga Oktoba, 2001. Yana ɗan shekara tara ne ya tare tare da iyalinsa zuwa jihar Michigan a ƙasar Amurka. Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta River Rouge High School inda ya fara taka kwallon ƙafa da kwallon kwando. Bayan kammala sakandare ya samu gurbin karatu a Jami'ar Clemson inda ya ci gaba da bunƙasa a wasan ƙwallon ƙafar Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/nfl/ruke-orhorhoro-college|title=Where did Ruke Orhorhoro go to college?|website=Sportskeeda}}</ref> == Aikin kwaleji == Orhorhoro ya wakilci Clemson Tigers daga shekarar 2019 zuwa 2023. A tsawon lokacin da ya yi a Clemson ya buga wasanni sama da 40, inda ya samu nasarar yin tarin ''tackles'', ''sacks'' da sauran bajintoci a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na kariya. A shekarar 2023 an sanya shi cikin jerin '''Third-team All-ACC''' saboda ƙwarewarsa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jaguars.com/news/k000600-roster-moves-jaguars-trade-for-dl-ruke-orhorhoro|title=Roster Moves: Jaguars Trade for DL Ruke Orhorhoro|website=Jacksonville Jaguars}}</ref> == Aikin ƙwararru == === Atlanta Falcons === A shekarar 2024, ƙungiyar [[Atlanta Falcons]] ta zaɓi Orhorhoro a zagaye na biyu na NFL Draft a matsayin zaɓi na 35 gaba ɗaya. Wannan ya sanya shi cikin matasan 'yan wasan Najeriya da suka samu shiga gasar NFL.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/bio/_/id/4430271/ruke-orhorhoro|title=Ruke Orhorhoro Biography|website=ESPN}}</ref> === Jacksonville Jaguars === A watan Afrilu na shekarar 2026, Atlanta Falcons ta musanya shi zuwa ƙungiyar [[Jacksonville Jaguars]] a wani ciniki da ya haɗa da ɗan wasan kariya Maason Smith. Tun daga lokacin yake taka leda a Jaguars.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jaguars.com/news/k000600-roster-moves-jaguars-trade-for-dl-ruke-orhorhoro|title=Roster Moves: Jaguars Trade for DL Ruke Orhorhoro|website=Jacksonville Jaguars}}</ref> == Salon wasa == An san Orhorhoro da ƙarfinsa, saurin motsi da iya dakile masu kai hari. Duk da fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a makare bayan ya fi mayar da hankali kan kwallon kwando a makaranta, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan kariya masu tasowa a NFL.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.si.com/nfl/falcons/disruptive-force-falcons-dl-ruke-orhorhoro-01j29c7ypykk|title=New Disruptive Force on Falcons DL? Meet Ruke Orhorhoro|website=Sports Illustrated}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ruke Orhorhoro ɗan asalin kabilar Urhobo ne daga kudancin Najeriya. Sunansa na farko '''Oghenerukevwe''' na nufin ''"Allah ne ya ba ni wannan"'' a harshen Urhobo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oghenerukevwe|title=Oghenerukevwe|website=Wikipedia}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://www.jaguars.com/team/players-roster/ruke-orhorhoro/ Shafin Ruke Orhorhoro a Jacksonville Jaguars] * [https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/bio/_/id/4430271/ruke-orhorhoro Ruke Orhorhoro a ESPN] {{DEFAULTSORT:Orhorhoro, Ruke}} [[Category:2001 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Lagos]] [[Category:Nigerian players of American football]] [[Category:American football defensive tackles]] [[Category:Jacksonville Jaguars players]] [[Category:Atlanta Falcons players]] [[Category:Clemson Tigers football players]] [[Category:Nigerian emigrants to the United States]] mpalavf69r8po2tg2jinzbuivf5f483 0 153403 843265 2026-05-30T08:41:18Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1261401223|Mostafa Afroto]]" 843265 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mostafa Mahmoud Mohamed Selim''' (an haife shi 17 Maris 1989), wanda aka fi sani da '''Mostafa Afroto''' ( Arabic ), [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Masar wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] ko kuma ɗan wasan gaba na biyu . A halin yanzu yana bugawa ƙungiyar Ala'ab Damanhour SC . Ana yi wa Mostafa lakabi da "Afroto" (ko Little Genie) saboda gudunsa, saurinsa da kuma tafiye-tafiyensa da ba a iya tsammani a filin wasa. == Sana'a == Afroto ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu 2010, lokacin da ya maye gurbin Osama Hosny a minti na 63, lokacin da ƙungiyarsa ta sha kashi a hannun Ittihad El-Shorta da ci 0-1. Afroto ya zura ƙwallo mai kyau ga ƙungiyarsa ta hanyar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida mai ban mamaki. Ya ci gaba da ƙarfafa wa abokan wasansa gwiwa don cimma nasara 4-2 ta hanyar samun bugun fenariti da abokin wasansa [[Mohammed Samir (mai wasan ƙwallon ƙafa)|Mohamed Samir]] ya ci kuma ya zura ƙwallo ta biyu a minti na 90 a cikin wani yanayi mai ban sha'awa. Wannan ya sa magoya bayan Al-Ahly suka yi farin ciki da rera sunansa har zuwa ƙarshen wasan. A ranar 21 ga Agusta 2012, an sanar da cewa ya sanya hannu a hukumance ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Azerbaijan mai suna Qarabağ . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Official: Afroto joins Azerbaijani club |url=http://www.kingfut.com/2012/08/21/afroto-joins-azerbaijani-club/ |access-date=20 November 2013 |website=www.kingfut.com/}}</ref> Bayan wasanni huɗu kacal da ya yi a Qarabağ ya koma Misr El Makasa kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da rabi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hossam Hassan boosts Maqassa by landing exAhly Afroto |url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/51/66862/Sports/Egyptian-Football/Hossam-Hassan-boosts-Maqassa-by-landing-exAhly-Afr.aspx |access-date=20 November 2013 |website=english.ahram.org.eg/}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] 021lbfxiqgh0g79hqg889qjn7onehbx 843266 843265 2026-05-30T08:41:48Z Engineer014 44591 843266 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mostafa Mahmoud Mohamed Selim''' (an haife shi 17 Maris 1989), wanda aka fi sani da '''Mostafa Afroto''' ( Arabic ), [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Masar wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] ko kuma ɗan wasan gaba na biyu . A halin yanzu yana bugawa ƙungiyar Ala'ab Damanhour SC . Ana yi wa Mostafa lakabi da "Afroto" (ko Little Genie) saboda gudunsa, saurinsa da kuma tafiye-tafiyensa da ba a iya tsammani a filin wasa. == Sana'a == Afroto ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyarsa ta farko a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu 2010, lokacin da ya maye gurbin Osama Hosny a minti na 63, lokacin da ƙungiyarsa ta sha kashi a hannun Ittihad El-Shorta da ci 0-1. Afroto ya zura ƙwallo mai kyau ga ƙungiyarsa ta hanyar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida mai ban mamaki. Ya ci gaba da ƙarfafa wa abokan wasansa gwiwa don cimma nasara 4-2 ta hanyar samun bugun fenariti da abokin wasansa [[Mohammed Samir (mai wasan ƙwallon ƙafa)|Mohamed Samir]] ya ci kuma ya zura ƙwallo ta biyu a minti na 90 a cikin wani yanayi mai ban sha'awa. Wannan ya sa magoya bayan Al-Ahly suka yi farin ciki da rera sunansa har zuwa ƙarshen wasan. A ranar 21 ga Agusta 2012, an sanar da cewa ya sanya hannu a hukumance ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Azerbaijan mai suna Qarabağ . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Official: Afroto joins Azerbaijani club |url=http://www.kingfut.com/2012/08/21/afroto-joins-azerbaijani-club/ |access-date=20 November 2013 |website=www.kingfut.com/}}</ref> Bayan wasanni huɗu kacal da ya yi a Qarabağ ya koma Misr El Makasa kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da rabi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hossam Hassan boosts Maqassa by landing exAhly Afroto |url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/51/66862/Sports/Egyptian-Football/Hossam-Hassan-boosts-Maqassa-by-landing-exAhly-Afr.aspx |access-date=20 November 2013 |website=english.ahram.org.eg/}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] 29422d1ky5s39wowxxxm9j6geo0gcco 0 153404 843268 2026-05-30T08:45:16Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344237518|Torric Jebrin]]" 843268 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Torric Jebrin''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Janairu 1991) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na ƙasar Ghana wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na kai hari]] ; ya buga wasa na ƙarshe a ƙungiyar Chitwan ta Nepal Super League . == Aikin kulob == === Portsmouth === Ya fara aikinsa a Hearts of Oak . A ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 2008, an sanar da cewa Jebrin ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru uku da kulob din Portsmouth FC na Ingila, kungiyar hadin gwiwa ta Hearts of Oak . Jebrin ya shafe gwaje-gwaje da dama a kulob din, kuma a lokacin, [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]] ta yi masa kallon wasa. Haka kuma [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], [[Atlético Madrid]], Lyon da Inter Milan duk suna sha'awar ganin dan wasan ya fuskanci gwaji, amma shugabanninsa ba sa son su yi wa dan wasan ado a gwaje-gwajen kulob daban-daban. Hearts da Portsmouth FC sun amince kuma sun sanya hannu kan takardu kan batun canja wurin Jebrin zuwa Portsmouth FC ta hanyar wani kulob a Belgium daga ranar 1 ga Janairun 2009. An shigar da Jebrin cikin wani shirin ilimi a Belgium da kuma Ingila, Portsmouth ta biya shi cikakken kuɗinsa. Shirin shine a ba shi aro ga wani kulob na Belgium kuma daga baya aka ba shi aro ga SV Zulte Waregem . === Turkiyya === A watan Janairun 2011, Jebrin ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara biyu da rabi da ƙungiyar Bucaspor [[Turkiyya|ta ƙasar Turkiyya]] . Ya buga wa ƙungiyar wasa sau 26, inda ya zira kwallaye uku. A watan Disamba na 2011, Jebrin ya kammala komawa Trabzonspor mai cike da cece-kuce bayan ya soke kwantiraginsa da Bucaspor wata guda da ya gabata ba tare da wani dalili ba. Bucaspor ta fitar da wata sanarwa cewa Trabzonspor ta jawo hankalin dan kwallon ne bisa karya dokokin canja wuri kuma hukumar shari'a ta Bucaspor ta shigar da kara ga Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Turkiyya tana neman a dakatar da Trabzonspor daga canja wurin 'yan wasa saboda abin da ta aikata. <ref name="trabzonspor">{{Cite web |title=Torric Jebrin seals controversial Trabzonspor deal |url=http://www.ghanasoccernet.com/torric-jebrin-seals-controversial-trabzonspor-deal/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110115323/http://www.ghanasoccernet.com/torric-jebrin-seals-controversial-trabzonspor-deal |archive-date=2012-01-10 |access-date=2012-01-19}}</ref> === Ismaily SC === A ranar 31 ga watan Yuli, Ismaily SC a Masar ta sanar da sanya hannu kan kwantiragi da Jebrin na tsawon shekaru 3 a kan canja wuri kyauta. Jebrin ya ce yana matukar farin cikin sanya hannu kan kwantiragi da wata babbar kungiya a Afirka da yankin Larabawa da Masar. === TP Mazembe === A watan Yulin 2019, Jebrin ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Congo TP Mazembe kan kwantiragin shekaru 2. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wagih |first=Ahmed |title=Former Ismaily, Al Masry midfielder Torric Jebrin joins Mazembe |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2019/07/29/torric-jebrin-joins-mazembe/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730004918/https://www.kingfut.com/2019/07/29/torric-jebrin-joins-mazembe/ |archive-date=30 July 2019 |access-date=16 September 2020 |website=Kingfut}}</ref> Duk da nasarar da ya samu a wasan farko da OC Bukavu Dawa, inda ya zura ƙwallo sannan ya taimaka aka ci biyu, kwantiraginsa ya ƙare saboda rashin kyawun aiki kuma ya bar ƙungiyar a watan Agustan 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Torric JEBRIN et le TPM, c'est fini |url=https://www.tpmazembe.com/fr/actualite/11456/torric-jebrin-et-le-tpm-c-est-fini%26usg%3DALkJrhjdwQpPygY9-BbfkYxRr1frJjk4OA |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221153601/https://www.tpmazembe.com/fr/actualite/11456/torric-jebrin-et-le-tpm-c-est-fini%26usg%3DALkJrhjdwQpPygY9-BbfkYxRr1frJjk4OA |archive-date=2023-02-21 |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=TP Mazembe}}</ref> === Sabon Mai Radiant SC === A watan Yulin 2022, ƙungiyar New Radiant SC ta Maldives ta sanar da cewa Jebrin zai kasance cikin tawagarta yayin da ƙungiyar ta dawo a rukunin 2 na Maldivian League bayan da aka ɗage dakatarwar da [[FIFA]] ta yi mata na tsawon shekaru 4. A ranar 16 ga watan Yuli, ƙungiyar New Radiant SC ta bayyana Jebrin a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan kyaftin ɗinta. Jebrin ya zira ƙwallo a wasansa na farko a matsayin ɗan wasan New Radiant SC. Ya inganta aikinsa a wasan da ke tafe ta hanyar zira ƙwallo uku a rabin farko da ya buga da Lorenzo SC. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Jebrin ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta gida wasa, kuma ya fara buga wasa a lokacin yana ɗan shekara 15 kacal da [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]] a watan Afrilun 2008, yana ƙoƙarin shiga gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta farko, sabuwar gasa ga 'yan wasan Afirka da ke gida. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Black Stars beat Niger |url=http://www.modernghana.com/sports/162472/2/black-stars-beat-niger.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714110105/http://www.modernghana.com/sports/162472/2/black-stars-beat-niger.html |archive-date=2011-07-14 |access-date=2008-10-19}}</ref> Ya kuma buga wasa ɗaya a ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta Ghana . An kira shi zuwa babbar [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ghana]] don neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2021, kuma an yi amfani da shi ne wajen maye gurbinsa a lokacin da suka doke São Tomé da Príncipe da ci 1-0 a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sao Tome and Principe vs. Ghana 2019-11-18 |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/24471/Sao_Tome_And_Principe_Ghana.html |website=National Football Teams}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Mahaifinsa [[Razak Jebrin|Razak]] ya buga wa Cornerstone Kumasi wasa. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1uyre8jfcxjk884ym4biiingj3sn1x9 843269 843268 2026-05-30T08:46:02Z Engineer014 44591 843269 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Torric Jebrin''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Janairu 1991) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na ƙasar Ghana wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na kai hari]] ; ya buga wasa na ƙarshe a ƙungiyar Chitwan ta Nepal Super League . == Aikin kulob == === Portsmouth === Ya fara aikinsa a Hearts of Oak . A ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 2008, an sanar da cewa Jebrin ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru uku da kulob din Portsmouth FC na Ingila, kungiyar hadin gwiwa ta Hearts of Oak . Jebrin ya shafe gwaje-gwaje da dama a kulob din, kuma a lokacin, [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]] ta yi masa kallon wasa. Haka kuma [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], [[Atlético Madrid]], Lyon da Inter Milan duk suna sha'awar ganin dan wasan ya fuskanci gwaji, amma shugabanninsa ba sa son su yi wa dan wasan ado a gwaje-gwajen kulob daban-daban. Hearts da Portsmouth FC sun amince kuma sun sanya hannu kan takardu kan batun canja wurin Jebrin zuwa Portsmouth FC ta hanyar wani kulob a Belgium daga ranar 1 ga Janairun 2009. An shigar da Jebrin cikin wani shirin ilimi a Belgium da kuma Ingila, Portsmouth ta biya shi cikakken kuɗinsa. Shirin shine a ba shi aro ga wani kulob na Belgium kuma daga baya aka ba shi aro ga SV Zulte Waregem . === Turkiyya === A watan Janairun 2011, Jebrin ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara biyu da rabi da ƙungiyar Bucaspor [[Turkiyya|ta ƙasar Turkiyya]] . Ya buga wa ƙungiyar wasa sau 26, inda ya zira kwallaye uku. A watan Disamba na 2011, Jebrin ya kammala komawa Trabzonspor mai cike da cece-kuce bayan ya soke kwantiraginsa da Bucaspor wata guda da ya gabata ba tare da wani dalili ba. Bucaspor ta fitar da wata sanarwa cewa Trabzonspor ta jawo hankalin dan kwallon ne bisa karya dokokin canja wuri kuma hukumar shari'a ta Bucaspor ta shigar da kara ga Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Turkiyya tana neman a dakatar da Trabzonspor daga canja wurin 'yan wasa saboda abin da ta aikata. <ref name="trabzonspor">{{Cite web |title=Torric Jebrin seals controversial Trabzonspor deal |url=http://www.ghanasoccernet.com/torric-jebrin-seals-controversial-trabzonspor-deal/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110115323/http://www.ghanasoccernet.com/torric-jebrin-seals-controversial-trabzonspor-deal |archive-date=2012-01-10 |access-date=2012-01-19}}</ref> === Ismaily SC === A ranar 31 ga watan Yuli, Ismaily SC a Masar ta sanar da sanya hannu kan kwantiragi da Jebrin na tsawon shekaru 3 a kan canja wuri kyauta. Jebrin ya ce yana matukar farin cikin sanya hannu kan kwantiragi da wata babbar kungiya a Afirka da yankin Larabawa da Masar. === TP Mazembe === A watan Yulin 2019, Jebrin ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Congo TP Mazembe kan kwantiragin shekaru 2. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wagih |first=Ahmed |title=Former Ismaily, Al Masry midfielder Torric Jebrin joins Mazembe |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2019/07/29/torric-jebrin-joins-mazembe/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730004918/https://www.kingfut.com/2019/07/29/torric-jebrin-joins-mazembe/ |archive-date=30 July 2019 |access-date=16 September 2020 |website=Kingfut}}</ref> Duk da nasarar da ya samu a wasan farko da OC Bukavu Dawa, inda ya zura ƙwallo sannan ya taimaka aka ci biyu, kwantiraginsa ya ƙare saboda rashin kyawun aiki kuma ya bar ƙungiyar a watan Agustan 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Torric JEBRIN et le TPM, c'est fini |url=https://www.tpmazembe.com/fr/actualite/11456/torric-jebrin-et-le-tpm-c-est-fini%26usg%3DALkJrhjdwQpPygY9-BbfkYxRr1frJjk4OA |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221153601/https://www.tpmazembe.com/fr/actualite/11456/torric-jebrin-et-le-tpm-c-est-fini%26usg%3DALkJrhjdwQpPygY9-BbfkYxRr1frJjk4OA |archive-date=2023-02-21 |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=TP Mazembe}}</ref> === Sabon Mai Radiant SC === A watan Yulin 2022, ƙungiyar New Radiant SC ta Maldives ta sanar da cewa Jebrin zai kasance cikin tawagarta yayin da ƙungiyar ta dawo a rukunin 2 na Maldivian League bayan da aka ɗage dakatarwar da [[FIFA]] ta yi mata na tsawon shekaru 4. A ranar 16 ga watan Yuli, ƙungiyar New Radiant SC ta bayyana Jebrin a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan kyaftin ɗinta. Jebrin ya zira ƙwallo a wasansa na farko a matsayin ɗan wasan New Radiant SC. Ya inganta aikinsa a wasan da ke tafe ta hanyar zira ƙwallo uku a rabin farko da ya buga da Lorenzo SC. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Jebrin ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta gida wasa, kuma ya fara buga wasa a lokacin yana ɗan shekara 15 kacal da [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]] a watan Afrilun 2008, yana ƙoƙarin shiga gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta farko, sabuwar gasa ga 'yan wasan Afirka da ke gida. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Black Stars beat Niger |url=http://www.modernghana.com/sports/162472/2/black-stars-beat-niger.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714110105/http://www.modernghana.com/sports/162472/2/black-stars-beat-niger.html |archive-date=2011-07-14 |access-date=2008-10-19}}</ref> Ya kuma buga wasa ɗaya a ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta Ghana . An kira shi zuwa babbar [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ghana]] don neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Afirka ta 2021, kuma an yi amfani da shi ne wajen maye gurbinsa a lokacin da suka doke São Tomé da Príncipe da ci 1-0 a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sao Tome and Principe vs. Ghana 2019-11-18 |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/24471/Sao_Tome_And_Principe_Ghana.html |website=National Football Teams}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Mahaifinsa [[Razak Jebrin|Razak]] ya buga wa Cornerstone Kumasi wasa. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2k2d9rpirkislz89ghw01ru7drng1yb 0 153405 843272 2026-05-30T09:19:11Z AsmudEmpire 45212 Kirkira 843272 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacksonville Jaguars''' ƙwararriyar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Amurka ce da ke da hedikwata a birnin Jacksonville, jihar Florida, Amurka. Ƙungiyar tana fafatawa a gasar [[National Football League]] (NFL) a matsayin memba na rukunin AFC South na American Football Conference (AFC). Tana buga wasanninta na gida a filin [[EverBank Stadium]]. :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0} An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, 1993 bayan NFL ta bai wa Jacksonville damar mallakar sabuwar ƙungiya (expansion franchise). Jaguars ta fara buga wasanni a kakar 1995 tare da ƙungiyar Carolina Panthers. :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1} == Tarihi == === Kafuwa === A shekarar 1993 ne NFL ta zaɓi Jacksonville a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin sababbin biranen da za su samu ƙungiyar NFL. Wannan ya biyo bayan yunƙurin wata ƙungiya mai suna ''Touchdown Jacksonville!'' wadda ta jagoranci neman lasisin ƙungiyar tun daga shekarar 1989. :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2} === Farkon nasarori === Duk da kasancewarta sabuwar ƙungiya, Jacksonville Jaguars ta samu gagarumar nasara cikin ƙanƙanin lokaci. A kakarta ta biyu (1996), ta kai wasan AFC Championship, lamarin da ya sanya ta cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyin da suka samu irin wannan nasara cikin sauri bayan kafuwa. Ta kuma sake kaiwa AFC Championship a shekarar 1999. :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3} === Zamani na Trevor Lawrence === A shekarar 2021 Jaguars ta zaɓi ɗan wasan quarterback Trevor Lawrence a matsayin zaɓi na farko gaba ɗaya a NFL Draft. Tun daga lokacin ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan taurarin ƙungiyar. A shekarar 2025 Jaguars ta lashe kambun AFC South tare da samun damar shiga wasannin neman kambun Super Bowl. :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4} == Filin wasa == Jaguars tana amfani da filin '''EverBank Stadium''' da ke Jacksonville, Florida. An buɗe filin a shekarar 1995 kuma yana ɗaukar sama da mutane 67,000. :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5} == Mallaka da shugabanci == Tun daga shekarar 2012, attajirin ɗan kasuwa Shahid Khan ne mamallakin ƙungiyar bayan ya saye ta daga Wayne Weaver. :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6} == Manyan nasarori == * Zakaran AFC South sau 3 (2017, 2022, 2025) * Zakaran AFC Central sau 2 (1998, 1999) * Shiga wasan AFC Championship sau 2 (1996, 1999) * Shiga wasannin NFL Playoffs sau da dama tun daga kafuwarta :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7} == Fitattun 'yan wasa == * Trevor Lawrence * Fred Taylor * Jimmy Smith * Tony Brackens * Mark Brunell * Maurice Jones-Drew :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://www.jaguars.com/ Shafin hukuma na Jacksonville Jaguars] * [https://www.nfl.com/teams/jacksonville-jaguars/ Jacksonville Jaguars a NFL.com] {{DEFAULTSORT:Jacksonville Jaguars}} [[Category:National Football League teams]] [[Category:Sports clubs established in 1993]] [[Category:Jacksonville, Florida]] [[Category:American football teams in Florida]] [[Category:1993 establishments in the United States]] qbgsom6rjtg4h18bvk3l3cpea40exar 843273 843272 2026-05-30T09:19:31Z Quinlan83 13504 Fix 843273 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacksonville Jaguars''' ƙwararriyar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Amurka ce da ke da hedikwata a birnin Jacksonville, jihar Florida, Amurka. Ƙungiyar tana fafatawa a gasar [[National Football League]] (NFL) a matsayin memba na rukunin AFC South na American Football Conference (AFC). Tana buga wasanninta na gida a filin [[EverBank Stadium]]. :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0} An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, 1993 bayan NFL ta bai wa Jacksonville damar mallakar sabuwar ƙungiya (expansion franchise). Jaguars ta fara buga wasanni a kakar 1995 tare da ƙungiyar Carolina Panthers. :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1} == Tarihi == === Kafuwa === A shekarar 1993 ne NFL ta zaɓi Jacksonville a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin sababbin biranen da za su samu ƙungiyar NFL. Wannan ya biyo bayan yunƙurin wata ƙungiya mai suna ''Touchdown Jacksonville!'' wadda ta jagoranci neman lasisin ƙungiyar tun daga shekarar 1989. :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2} === Farkon nasarori === Duk da kasancewarta sabuwar ƙungiya, Jacksonville Jaguars ta samu gagarumar nasara cikin ƙanƙanin lokaci. A kakarta ta biyu (1996), ta kai wasan AFC Championship, lamarin da ya sanya ta cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyin da suka samu irin wannan nasara cikin sauri bayan kafuwa. Ta kuma sake kaiwa AFC Championship a shekarar 1999. :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3} === Zamani na Trevor Lawrence === A shekarar 2021 Jaguars ta zaɓi ɗan wasan quarterback Trevor Lawrence a matsayin zaɓi na farko gaba ɗaya a NFL Draft. Tun daga lokacin ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan taurarin ƙungiyar. A shekarar 2025 Jaguars ta lashe kambun AFC South tare da samun damar shiga wasannin neman kambun Super Bowl. :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4} == Filin wasa == Jaguars tana amfani da filin '''EverBank Stadium''' da ke Jacksonville, Florida. An buɗe filin a shekarar 1995 kuma yana ɗaukar sama da mutane 67,000. :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5} == Mallaka da shugabanci == Tun daga shekarar 2012, attajirin ɗan kasuwa Shahid Khan ne mamallakin ƙungiyar bayan ya saye ta daga Wayne Weaver. :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6} == Manyan nasarori == * Zakaran AFC South sau 3 (2017, 2022, 2025) * Zakaran AFC Central sau 2 (1998, 1999) * Shiga wasan AFC Championship sau 2 (1996, 1999) * Shiga wasannin NFL Playoffs sau da dama tun daga kafuwarta :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7} == Fitattun 'yan wasa == * Trevor Lawrence * Fred Taylor * Jimmy Smith * Tony Brackens * Mark Brunell * Maurice Jones-Drew :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://www.jaguars.com/ Shafin hukuma na Jacksonville Jaguars] * [https://www.nfl.com/teams/jacksonville-jaguars/ Jacksonville Jaguars a NFL.com] {{DEFAULTSORT:Jacksonville Jaguars}} [[Category:National Football League teams]] [[Category:Sports clubs established in 1993]] [[Category:Jacksonville, Florida]] [[Category:American football teams in Florida]] [[Category:1993 establishments in the United States]] 904vl3zup5a8loeigufftn355w0h6fd 0 153406 843274 2026-05-30T09:35:31Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353523673|'Mamohato Bereng Seeiso]]" 843274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox royalty|consort=yes|name='Mamohato|birth_date={{birth date|df=yes|1941|4|28}}|birth_place=Tebang, [[Mafeteng District|Mafeteng]], [[Basutoland]]|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|2003|9|6|1941|4|28}}|death_place=[[Mantsonyane]], [[Thaba-Tseka District|Thaba-Tseka]], [[Lesotho]]|burial_place=[[Maseru]], [[Lesotho]]|birth_name=Tabitha 'Masentle Lerotholi Mojela|spouse=[[Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho|Moshoshoe II]]|issue=[[Letsie III of Lesotho|King Letsie III]]<br>[[Prince Seeiso of Lesotho|Prince Seeiso]]<br>Princess Constance Christina Maseeisol Princess Constance|succession=[[Queen consort]] [[Lesotho|of Lesotho]]|reign=4 October 1966 – 12 November 1990 <br/> 25 January 1995 – 15 January 1996|succession1=[[Regent]] [[List of monarchs of Lesotho|of]] [[Lesotho]]|reign1=5 June 1970 – 5 December 1970 <br/> 10 March 1990 – 12 November 1990 <br/> 15 January 1996 – 7 February 1996|reign-type1=Regency|father=Lerotholi Mojela, Chief of Tsakholo|mother=}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%" |'Mamohato' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;" |[[Queen consort|Sarauniya]][[Lesotho|na Lesotho]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsayi | class="infobox-data" |4 ga Oktoba 1966 - 12 ga Nuwamba 1990 25 ga Janairu 1995 - 15 ga Janairu 1996<br /> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;" |[[Regent|Mai mulki]] [[Lesotho]]" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="List of monarchs of Lesotho">na Lesotho |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Regency | class="infobox-data" |5 Yuni 1970 - 5 Disamba 1970 10 Maris 1990 - 12 Nuwamba 1990 15 Janairu 1996 - 7 Fabrairu 1996<br /><br /> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;" |<div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An haife shi | class="infobox-data" |<span class="nickname">Tabitha 'Masentle Lerotholi Mojela</span> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1941-04-28</span>)</span> 28 Afrilu 1941<span class="birthplace">Tebang, [[Mafeteng District|Mafeteng]], [[Basutoland]]</span><br /><br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ya mutu | class="infobox-data" |6 Satumba 2003 <span style="display:none">(2003-09-06)</span> (shekaru 62) <span class="deathplace">[[Mantsonyane]], [[Thaba-Tseka District|Thaba-Tseka]], [[Lesotho]]</span>&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kabari | class="infobox-data" |<div class="label" style="display:inline">[[Maseru]], [[Lesotho]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matar aure | class="infobox-data" |[[Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho|Moshoshoe na II]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Issue (genealogy)|Sakamakon]] | class="infobox-data" |Sarki Letsie III [[Prince Seeiso of Lesotho|Yarima Seeiso]] Constance Christina Maseeisol Yarima Constance<br /><br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Uba | class="infobox-data" |Lerotholi Mojela, Shugaban Tsakholo |} Mamohato Bereng Seeiso (an haife shi Gimbiya Tabitha 'Masentle Lerotholi Mojela) (28 Afrilu 1941 - 6 Satumba 2003) [1] shine Regent na Lesotho a lokuta uku: 5 ga Yuni zuwa 5 Disamba 1970, 10 Maris zuwa 12 Nuwamba 1990 da 15 ga Janairu zuwa 7 ga Fabrairu. == Tarihin rayuwa == 'An haifi Mamohato a Tebang, wanda ke cikin Gundumar Mafeteng a cikin Basutoland a lokacin. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Orbituary of the Late Queen Mother Her Majesty, 'Mamohato Bereng Seeiso |url=http://www.gov.ls/articles/2003/Queen-Mothers-Death.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812223407/http://www.gov.ls/articles/2003/Queen-Mothers-Death.htm |archive-date=12 August 2014 |access-date=4 January 2016 |publisher=Government of Lesotho}}</ref> Ita ce ƙaramar yar Lerotholi Mojela (1895-1961), Cif na Tsakholo . An aika yarima don yin karatu a Kwalejin Horar da Tattalin Arziki na Gida a [[Birtaniya|Ƙasar Ingila]]. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Orbituary of the Late Queen Mother Her Majesty, 'Mamohato Bereng Seeiso |url=http://www.gov.ls/articles/2003/Queen-Mothers-Death.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812223407/http://www.gov.ls/articles/2003/Queen-Mothers-Death.htm |archive-date=12 August 2014 |access-date=4 January 2016 |publisher=Government of Lesotho}}</ref> Shekara guda bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, ta auri Sarki Moshoeshoe II.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Orbituary of the Late Queen Mother Her Majesty, 'Mamohato Bereng Seeiso |url=http://www.gov.ls/articles/2003/Queen-Mothers-Death.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812223407/http://www.gov.ls/articles/2003/Queen-Mothers-Death.htm |archive-date=12 August 2014 |access-date=4 January 2016 |publisher=Government of Lesotho}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinta, ta taimaka wajen inganta ilimin yara a Lesotho . <ref name=":0" /> Uwar Sarauniya ta mutu a ranar 6 ga Satumba, 2003, daga gazawar zuciya yayin da take cikin komawar [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] don Order of Saint Cecilia a Auray Mission <ref>{{Cite web |title=News24 |url=http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Lesothos-Queen-Mother-dies-20030907 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218145220/http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Lesothos-Queen-Mother-dies-20030907 |archive-date=2017-02-18 |access-date=2017-02-17}}</ref> a Mantsonyane . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2003 |title=Everyone Came to Hear What Led to her Death |url=http://www.gov.ls/articles/2003/Led%20to%20Her%20Death.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813064339/http://www.gov.ls/articles/2003/Led%20to%20Her%20Death.htm |archive-date=13 August 2014 |access-date=4 January 2016 |website=Government of Lesotho}}</ref> === Ayyukan sadaka da gado === Akwai asibiti mai suna, Asibitin Tunawa da Sarauniya 'Mamohato . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lesotho Lessons Learned: Mamohato Hospital |url=https://www.gpoba.org/node/688 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161101041428/https://www.gpoba.org/node/688 |archive-date=1 November 2016 |access-date=4 January 2016 |website=GPOBA}}</ref> Sarauniyar, wacce aka fi sani da "Uwar Al'umma", ta kirkiro Hlokomela Bana ("Ka Kula da Yara" a Sesotho) a cikin shekarun 1980 don samar da kulawa da tallafi ga wasu daga cikin yara masu rauni a Lesotho. Hlokomela Bana tana aiki tare da manyan shugabannin don gano wane tallafi za a iya bayarwa mafi kyau ga waɗanda suka rasa iyayensu ko ke rayuwa da nakasa. == Iyali == Ita ce matar Sarki Moshoeshoe II kuma mahaifiyar Sarki Letsie III, Yarima Seeiso da Gimbiya Constance Christina 'Maseeiso . == Takardun sarauta == * 1941-1962: Miss Tabitha 'Masentle Lerotholi Mojela . * 1962-1966: HRH Princess 'Mamohato Bereng Seeiso . * 1966-1996: HM Sarauniya. ** 5 Yuni - 5 Disamba 1970, 10 Maris - 12 Nuwamba 1990, 15 Janairu - 7 Fabrairu 1996: HM Sarauniya Regent . * 1996-2003: HM Sarauniya 'Mamohato Bereng Seeiso, Sarauniya Uwar. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Kings of Lesotho}} [[Rukuni:Matattun 2003]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1941]] 47v3f7vn9y3leyrrg74o90z6k1r2awf 0 153407 843275 2026-05-30T09:37:38Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340144892|Nthati Moorosi]]" 843275 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nthati Moorosi''' ƙwararren masani ne na sadarwa na Mosotho kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin Ministan Bayanai, Sadarwa, Kimiyya, Fasaha da Innovation (MICSTI) na [[Lesotho]] tun daga 4 ga Nuwamba 2022. Moorosi memba ne na Majalisar Lesotho wanda aka zaba daga Mazabar Thetsane 34 a Maseru a kan tikitin jam'iyyar Revolution for Prosperity (RFP). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Info |first=Lesotho |date=2025-02-05 |title=Minister Nthati Moorosi Highlights the Importance of Innovation and Research at SRIM II Symposium |url=https://lesotho.co.ls/2025/02/minister-nthati-moorosi-highlights-the-importance-of-innovation-and-research-at-srim-ii-symposium/ |access-date=2026-01-12 |website=Lesotho NewsDesk |language=en}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Moorosi tana da digiri na gaba a cikin Al'adu da Nazarin Media da Nazarin Jima'i. Tana da kwarewar sama da shekaru 15 a bangaren sadarwa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=IGF 2025 High-Level Track {{!}} Internet Governance Forum (IGF) |url=https://intgovforum.org/en/speaker2025/22894#:~:text=Nthati%20Moorosi,Media%20Studies%20and%20Gender%20Studies |access-date=2026-01-12 |website=intgovforum.org}}</ref> Ta yi aiki tare da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa da dama da suka haɗa da UNDP, Jami'ar ƙasa ta Lesotho, World Vision, da Asusun ƙalubalen Millennium a manyan mukamai na sadarwa. Ita ce ta kafa kamfanin sadarwa mai zaman kansa BANLIN Communications.[1] Moorosi mamba ne wanda ya kafa jam'iyyar RFP kuma yana aiki a matsayin babban sakataren jam'iyyar. Ita ce 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Thetsane 34 a Maseru. An nada ta Ministan Labarai, Sadarwa, Kimiyya, Fasaha da Innovation (MICSTI) na Lesotho a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2022.[2][3][4] == Manazarta == <references /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 8nmnaqepafudvs61vh9kstyeh6l1xn5 0 153408 843276 2026-05-30T09:38:39Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350919434|Mannete Ramaili]]" 843276 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Authority control}}'''Mannete Ramaili''' jami'in diflomasiyya ne na Masarautar Lesotho kuma ɗan siyasa. Ta yi aiki a matsayin jakadan Lesotho a Jamhuriyar Ireland kuma ta kasance Ministan Yawon Bude Ido, Al'adu da Muhalli na Lesotho . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Ramaili a Lesotho kuma ta kasance mai magana game da haƙƙin mata tun 1987. Tun da farko a cikin aikinta ta shiga cikin Ƙungiyar Shirye-shiryen Iyaye ta Duniya. == Ayyukan siyasa == A shekara ta 2005, an nada Ramaili a matsayin Jakadan Masarautar Lesotho a [[Ayilan (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Ireland]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=MONO – DIPLOMATS {{!}} RTÉ Presspack |url=https://presspack.rte.ie/2005/06/14/mono-diplomats/ |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=presspack.rte.ie}}</ref> Ramaili ya kasance jakadan Lesotho har zuwa shekara ta 2009. A lokacin da take Ireland ta taimaka wajen kafa kungiyar 'Action Lesotho' ta Irish wacce ke aiki a Maputsoe.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-05-23 |title=From one kingdom to another |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/features/humaninterest/from-one-kingdom-to-another-232011.html |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=www.irishexaminer.com |language=en}}</ref> A lokacin da ta ziyarci yankuna a duk faɗin Ireland tare da Mai Girma Paddy Fay don wayar da kan jama'a game da batutuwan da ke shafar mutanen Lesotho.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oireachtais |first=Tithe an |date=2010-06-17 |title=JOINT COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS (Sub-Committee on Overseas Development) díospóireacht - Déardaoin, 17 Meith 2010 |url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/ga/debates/debate/joint_committee_on_foreign_affairs/2010-06-17/2 |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=www.oireachtas.ie |language=Irish}}</ref> Batutuwan kamar HIV da yankan mata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Seminar: International Day Zero Tolerance to FGM – 4th February : Cairde – Challenging ethnic minority health inequalities |url=http://cairde.ie/a-seminar-to-mark-international-day-of-zero-tolerance-to-female-genital-mutilation/ |access-date=2020-02-14 |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekara ta 2010, an nada Ramaili a matsayin Ministan Yawon Bude Ido, Al'adu da Muhalli, biyo bayan korar [[Lebohang Ntsinyi]] daga gwamnatin Firayim Minista Pakalitha Mosisili . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-10-15 |title=Ministers fired |url=http://lestimes.com/ministers-fired/ |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=Lesotho Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2011, Ramaili na ɗaya daga cikin mata ministoci bakwai a cikin majalisar, tare da: [['Mamphono Khaketla|Mamphono Khaketla]], [[Maphoka Motoboli]], [[Mathabiso Lepono]], Mphu Keneileo Ramatlapeng, [[Mpeo Mahase-Moiloa]] da [[Pontso Sekatle|Pontso Suzan Matumelo Sekatle]] . Ta jagoranci matakan rage shan barasa a Lesotho . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-03-26 |title=Tough times ahead for beer drinkers |url=https://sundayexpress.co.ls/tough-times-ahead-for-beer-drinkers/ |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=Sunday Express |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Fayil:Mannete_Ramaili,_Minister_of_Tourism,_Environment_and_Culture_of_the_Kingdom_of_Lesotho_(6960295608).jpg|thumb|Mannete Ramaili, Ministan Yawon Bude Ido, Muhalli da Al'adu na Masarautar Lesotho (6960295608) ]] A cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da gwamnatin kasar Sin, Ramaili ta taimaka wajen kafa tsarin horar da yumbu a Lesotho a shekarar 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Remarks by H.E. Ambassador HU Dingxian at the Official Opening Ceremony of the Pottery Training Workshop |url=http://ls.china-embassy.org/eng/dsxx/dsjh/t895608.htm |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=}}</ref> A wannan shekarar ta yi magana a Lesotho don tallafawa mafi kyawun kuma mafi bayyane a cikin kafofin watsa labarai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Transforming Broadcasting |url=http://www.transformingbroadcasting.org.uk/blog/viewentry.php?id=9 |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=www.transformingbroadcasting.org.uk}}</ref> A shekara ta 2012 ta yi magana a wani taron - 'Women in Development' - wanda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta shirya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=UNCTAD XIII Must Be New Pillar of Change, Qatar Museums Authority Chairperson Says, Hailing Women as 'Cornerstone' in Quest for Equitable Development, Human Dignity {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2012/tad2054.doc.htm |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=www.un.org}}</ref> A nan, Ramaili ya yi magana game da bukatar manyan dokoki game da tashin hankali na cikin gida, amma kuma ya nuna cewa Lesotho ta kasance ta tara daga cikin kasashe 135 a kan Taron Tattalin Arziki na Duniya Gender Gap Index - gaba da Burtaniya, Amurka da Faransa.<ref name=":0" /> Ramaili tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan kasuwa mata na Lesotho kuma tana magana game da muhimmancin karfafa ikon tattalin arzikin mata ga Lesotho . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Recognizing Female Entrepreneurs in Lesotho {{!}} Standard Lesotho Bank |url=https://www.standardlesothobank.co.ls/lesotho/About-Us/news/Recognizing-Female-Entrepreneurs-in-Lesotho |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=www.standardlesothobank.co.ls}}</ref> Ita memba ce ta kwamitin Standard Lesotho Bank . <ref>{{Cite web |title=When the lionesses of Africa roar! {{!}} The Post |url=https://www.thepost.co.ls/business/when-the-lionesses-of-africa-roar/ |access-date=2020-02-14 |language=en}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == Kyautar Ranar Afirka (Ireland) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Metro Eireann |url=http://oldweb.metroeireann.com/print-article,3853 |access-date=2020-02-14 |website=oldweb.metroeireann.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1960]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] edsm5lkeedn7ws9ydhnzz5q17mqejcg 0 153409 843277 2026-05-30T09:39:56Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353905656|Mphu Ramatlapeng]]" 843277 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''Mphu Ramatlapeng''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1953) 'yar siyasar [[Lesotho]] ce, 'yar kasuwa kuma mai gudanarwa mai zaman kanta. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Mphu Ramatlapeng a shekara ta 1953 a Lesotho . <ref name="bloombergbio">{{Cite web |title=Anglo American Plc (AAL:London): Mphu Ramatlapeng M.D., MHSc |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=224322879&privcapId=409115 |access-date=October 13, 2017 |website=Bloomberg}}</ref><ref name="clintonfoundationbio">{{Cite web |title=Dr. Mphu Ramatlapeng |url=https://www.clintonfoundation.org/blog/authors/dr-mphu-ramatlapeng |access-date=October 13, 2017 |website=Clinton Foundation}}</ref> Ta sami digiri na likita daga Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kasa ta Kharkiv, sannan ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a daga Jami'an Johns Hopkins . <ref name="bloombergbio" /><ref name="clintonfoundationbio" /> == Ayyuka == Ramatlapeng ya kasance Ministan Lafiya da Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Lesotho daga 2007 zuwa 2012. <ref name="clintonfoundationbio">{{Cite web |title=Dr. Mphu Ramatlapeng |url=https://www.clintonfoundation.org/blog/authors/dr-mphu-ramatlapeng |access-date=October 13, 2017 |website=Clinton Foundation}}</ref> Ramatlapeng ta kasance mataimakin shugaban Asusun Duniya don Yaki da cutar kanjamau, Cutar Fuka da Malaria har zuwa 2013. <ref name="bloombergbio" /><ref name="clintonfoundationbio" /> Ita ce mataimakiyar shugaban zartarwa a Clinton Health Access Initiative na Gidauniyar Clinton . <ref name="clintonfoundationbio" /> Ramatlapeng yana aiki a matsayin wanda ba babban darektan Anglo American plc ba.<ref name="angloamericanboard">{{Cite web |title=Leadership Team |url=http://www.angloamerican.com/about-us/leadership-team/board#mphu-ramatlapeng |access-date=October 13, 2017 |website=Anglo American plc}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] e90cexzzpfvnj901287poxkkchf2hkf 0 153410 843280 2026-05-30T09:47:23Z AsmudEmpire 45212 Kirkira 843280 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Atlanta Falcons''' ƙwararriyar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Amurka ce da ke birnin Atlanta na jihar Georgia, Amurka. Ƙungiyar tana fafatawa a gasar [[National Football League]] (NFL) a matsayin memba na rukunin NFC South na National Football Conference (NFC). An kafa Atlanta Falcons a shekarar 1965 bayan NFL ta bai wa birnin Atlanta damar mallakar sabuwar ƙungiya. Ƙungiyar ta fara buga wasanninta a kakar shekarar 1966. == Tarihi == === Kafuwa === A ranar 30 ga Yuni, 1965, NFL ta sanar da bai wa Atlanta damar mallakar sabuwar ƙungiya. Rankin Smith Sr., wani ɗan kasuwa daga Georgia, shi ne ya zama mamallakin farko na ƙungiyar. Falcons ta fara fafatawa a kakar NFL ta 1966. === Shekarun farko === A farkon shekarunta, Falcons ta fuskanci ƙalubale wajen samun nasarori. Duk da haka, ta ci gaba da gina ƙungiya mai ƙarfi har ta samu shiga wasannin neman kambun NFL (playoffs) a shekarar 1978. === Zuwa Super Bowl === Atlanta Falcons ta kai wasan ƙarshe na Super Bowl sau biyu: * '''Super Bowl XXXIII''' (1998) – ta sha kashi a hannun Denver Broncos. * '''Super Bowl LI''' (2016) – ta sha kashi a hannun New England Patriots bayan ta yi gaba da maki 28–3 kafin Patriots su dawo suka yi nasara. Duk da kai wa wasan ƙarshe sau biyu, Falcons ba ta taɓa lashe Super Bowl ba. === Zamani na Matt Ryan === Daga shekarar 2008 zuwa 2021, Matt Ryan ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan Falcons. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa nasarori masu yawa kuma ya lashe kyautar NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP) a shekarar 2016. == Filin wasa == Tun daga shekarar 2017, Atlanta Falcons ke amfani da '''Mercedes-Benz Stadium''' a Atlanta. Filin yana daga cikin manyan filayen wasanni na zamani a Amurka kuma yana ɗaukar sama da mutane 70,000. Kafin wannan lokaci, ƙungiyar tana amfani da Georgia Dome daga 1992 zuwa 2016. == Mallaka da shugabanci == Tun daga shekarar 2002, Arthur Blank, wanda yana cikin waɗanda suka kafa kamfanin Home Depot, shi ne mamallakin ƙungiyar. == Manyan nasarori == * Zakaran NFC sau 2 (1998, 2016) * Zakaran NFC South sau da dama * Kai wa Super Bowl sau 2 * Shiga NFL Playoffs sau da yawa tun bayan kafuwarta == Fitattun 'yan wasa == * Matt Ryan * Julio Jones * Deion Sanders * Michael Vick * Roddy White * Claude Humphrey * Tommy Nobis * Jessie Tuggle == Alaƙa da Najeriya == Atlanta Falcons ta zaɓi ɗan wasan asalin Najeriya '''Ruke Orhorhoro''' a zagaye na biyu na NFL Draft na shekarar 2024. Ya taka leda tare da ƙungiyar kafin a musanya shi zuwa Jacksonville Jaguars a shekarar 2026. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://www.atlantafalcons.com/ Shafin hukuma na Atlanta Falcons] * [https://www.nfl.com/teams/atlanta-falcons/ Atlanta Falcons a NFL.com] {{DEFAULTSORT:Atlanta Falcons}} [[Category:National Football League teams]] [[Category:Sports clubs established in 1965]] [[Category:Atlanta]] [[Category:American football teams in Georgia (U.S. state)]] [[Category:1965 establishments in the United States]] [[Category:NFC South teams]] 0akxf6m9k6e5pqxvmn63b38abhag35n 0 153411 843281 2026-05-30T09:49:06Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Kingston Nyamapfene | image = | caption = Farfesa Kingston Nyamapfene | birth_place = Zimbabwe | nationality = Ɗan Zimbabwe, ɗan Amurka | occupation = Farfesa, masanin kimiyyar ƙasa, shugaban jami'a | known_for = Jagorancin manyan jami'o'i a Afirka da Amurka, bincike kan kimiyyar ƙasa da muhalli | alma_mater = Jami'ar London, Jami'ar Cornell, Jami'ar Aberdeen }} '''Kingston Nyamapfene''' fitaccen farfesa ne kuma shugaban jami'a wanda ya yi suna a... 843281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Kingston Nyamapfene | image = | caption = Farfesa Kingston Nyamapfene | birth_place = Zimbabwe | nationality = Ɗan Zimbabwe, ɗan Amurka | occupation = Farfesa, masanin kimiyyar ƙasa, shugaban jami'a | known_for = Jagorancin manyan jami'o'i a Afirka da Amurka, bincike kan kimiyyar ƙasa da muhalli | alma_mater = Jami'ar London, Jami'ar Cornell, Jami'ar Aberdeen }} '''Kingston Nyamapfene''' fitaccen farfesa ne kuma shugaban jami'a wanda ya yi suna a fannin kimiyyar ƙasa (Soil Science), noma, kula da muhalli da gudanar da manyan cibiyoyin ilimi a Afirka, Turai da Amurka. Ya riƙe manyan muƙamai a jami'o'i da dama ciki har da '''African University of Science and Technology (AUST)''' da ke Abuja da kuma '''University of Africa, Toru-Orua''' a Jihar Bayelsa, Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wtu-n.net/delegates/professor-kingston-nyamapfene/ |title=Professor Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=World Technology Universities Network |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Kingston Nyamapfene a ƙasar Zimbabwe. Ya samu digirin farko (BA) a fannin Turanci da Geography daga Jami'ar London. Daga baya ya sami digirin MSc a fannin Agronomy daga Jami'ar Cornell da ke Amurka sannan ya kammala digirin digirgir (PhD) a Kimiyyar Ƙasa daga Jami'ar Aberdeen da ke Scotland. Haka kuma ya samu horo a fannin Remote Sensing daga International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences da ke Netherlands.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wtu-n.net/delegates/professor-kingston-nyamapfene/ |title=Professor Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=World Technology Universities Network |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin kimiyya == Nyamapfene ya fara aikinsa a matsayin masanin bincike a Chemistry and Soil Research Institute a Zimbabwe. Daga baya ya shiga Jami'ar Zimbabwe inda ya shugabanci sashen kula da ƙasa da kuma taimakawa wajen kafa sashen farko na Soil Science a makarantar aikin gona ta jami'ar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://fulbrightscholars.org/grantee/kingston-nyamapfene |title=Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=Fulbright Scholar Program |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Ya yi fice wajen bincike kan: * Kimiyyar ƙasa * Noma da sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa * Gyaran muhalli da filayen da ayyukan hakar ma'adinai suka lalata * Tsarin ilimi da bunƙasa jami'o'i Ya wallafa fiye da takardu 70 na bincike a mujallu na kimiyya tare 0vsqpfwr49zso31bjohkeorif6w1feo 0 153412 843282 2026-05-30T09:54:20Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1231976415|Ngwavuma River]]" 843282 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ngwavuma''' kogi ne a lardin [[Eswatini]] da KwaZulu-Natal a kudancin Afirka. Ana kuma kiransa da '''Inguavuma''', '''Ingwavuma''', '''Ingwovuma''', da '''Nggwavuma''', kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan koguna biyar a Eswatini. Yana fitowa a kudu maso yammacin Eswatini kuma yana gudana zuwa gabas. Yana da magudanar ruwa ta [[Kogin Pongola]]. Manyan garuruwan Eswatini tare da Ngwavuma sune Nhlangano da Nsoko. == Manazarta == Ngwavuma RiverNgwavuma RiverNgwavuma RiverNgwavuma River{{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.satelliteviews.net/cgi-bin/w.cgi?c=wz&UF=-1331752&UN=-1922946&DG=STM Kogin Ngwavuma, Swaziland - Duba tauraron dan adam] a bakin kogin a KwaZulu-Natal daga satelliteviews.net dpymslh2v8qqfy0pxh8lz5fx4hgb727 843284 843282 2026-05-30T09:54:43Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 843284 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ngwavuma''' kogi ne a lardin [[Eswatini]] da KwaZulu-Natal a kudancin Afirka. Ana kuma kiransa da '''Inguavuma''', '''Ingwavuma''', '''Ingwovuma''', da '''Nggwavuma''', kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan koguna biyar a Eswatini. Yana fitowa a kudu maso yammacin Eswatini kuma yana gudana zuwa gabas. Yana da magudanar ruwa ta [[Kogin Pongola]]. Manyan garuruwan Eswatini tare da Ngwavuma sune Nhlangano da Nsoko. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.satelliteviews.net/cgi-bin/w.cgi?c=wz&UF=-1331752&UN=-1922946&DG=STM Kogin Ngwavuma, Swaziland - Duba tauraron dan adam] a bakin kogin a KwaZulu-Natal daga satelliteviews.net 2b160yi8poa2wjpai24u9l9rilut3ji 843286 843284 2026-05-30T09:56:55Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843286 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ngwavuma'''<ref>{{GEOnet2|32FA883194893774E0440003BA962ED3|Ngwavuma (Approved)}}, [[National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency|United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]]</ref> kogi ne a lardin [[Eswatini]] da KwaZulu-Natal a kudancin Afirka.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> Ana kuma kiransa da '''Inguavuma''', '''Ingwavuma''', '''Ingwovuma''', da '''Nggwavuma''', kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan koguna biyar a Eswatini.<ref name="Water-report3">{{Cite book|editor-last=Ünver |editor-first=Olcay |year=2009 |chapter=Swaziland |title=The United Nations World Water Development Report 3: Facing the Challenges |location=London |publisher=Earthscan for World Water Assessment Programme, UNESCO |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=SMLu48EuMA0C&pg=RA1-PA9 9] |isbn=978-1-84407-840-0}}</ref> Yana fitowa a kudu maso yammacin Eswatini kuma yana gudana zuwa gabas.<ref name="Water-report3">{{Cite book|editor-last=Ünver |editor-first=Olcay |year=2009 |chapter=Swaziland |title=The United Nations World Water Development Report 3: Facing the Challenges |location=London |publisher=Earthscan for World Water Assessment Programme, UNESCO |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=SMLu48EuMA0C&pg=RA1-PA9 9] |isbn=978-1-84407-840-0}}</ref> Yana da magudanar ruwa ta [[Kogin Pongola]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA6UsuthuMhlatuze.jpg Usuthu/Mhlatuze WMA 6]</ref> Manyan garuruwan Eswatini tare da Ngwavuma sune Nhlangano da Nsoko.<ref name="Water-report3">{{Cite book|editor-last=Ünver |editor-first=Olcay |year=2009 |chapter=Swaziland |title=The United Nations World Water Development Report 3: Facing the Challenges |location=London |publisher=Earthscan for World Water Assessment Programme, UNESCO |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=SMLu48EuMA0C&pg=RA1-PA9 9] |isbn=978-1-84407-840-0}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.satelliteviews.net/cgi-bin/w.cgi?c=wz&UF=-1331752&UN=-1922946&DG=STM Kogin Ngwavuma, Swaziland - Duba tauraron dan adam] a bakin kogin a KwaZulu-Natal daga satelliteviews.net fqymeavlzhrbfhtpzzt4sybmtohvlwx 843288 843286 2026-05-30T09:58:16Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843288 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ngwavuma'''<ref>{{GEOnet2|32FA883194893774E0440003BA962ED3|Ngwavuma (Approved)}}, [[National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency|United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]]</ref> kogi ne a lardin [[Eswatini]] da KwaZulu-Natal a kudancin Afirka.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> Ana kuma kiransa da '''Inguavuma''', '''Ingwavuma''', '''Ingwovuma''', da '''Nggwavuma''', kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan koguna biyar a Eswatini.<ref name="Water-report3">{{Cite book|editor-last=Ünver |editor-first=Olcay |year=2009 |chapter=Swaziland |title=The United Nations World Water Development Report 3: Facing the Challenges |location=London |publisher=Earthscan for World Water Assessment Programme, UNESCO |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=SMLu48EuMA0C&pg=RA1-PA9 9] |isbn=978-1-84407-840-0}}</ref> Yana fitowa a kudu maso yammacin Eswatini kuma yana gudana zuwa gabas.<ref name="Water-report3">{{Cite book|editor-last=Ünver |editor-first=Olcay |year=2009 |chapter=Swaziland |title=The United Nations World Water Development Report 3: Facing the Challenges |location=London |publisher=Earthscan for World Water Assessment Programme, UNESCO |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=SMLu48EuMA0C&pg=RA1-PA9 9] |isbn=978-1-84407-840-0}}</ref> Yana da magudanar ruwa ta [[Kogin Pongola]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA6UsuthuMhlatuze.jpg Usuthu/Mhlatuze WMA 6]</ref> Manyan garuruwan Eswatini tare da Ngwavuma sune Nhlangano da Nsoko.<ref name="Water-report3">{{Cite book|editor-last=Ünver |editor-first=Olcay |year=2009 |chapter=Swaziland |title=The United Nations World Water Development Report 3: Facing the Challenges |location=London |publisher=Earthscan for World Water Assessment Programme, UNESCO |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=SMLu48EuMA0C&pg=RA1-PA9 9] |isbn=978-1-84407-840-0}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.satelliteviews.net/cgi-bin/w.cgi?c=wz&UF=-1331752&UN=-1922946&DG=STM Kogin Ngwavuma, Swaziland - Duba tauraron dan adam] a bakin kogin a KwaZulu-Natal daga satelliteviews.net i8ffc6wa3fubstnnwsv09gd2b85cn4g 0 153413 843285 2026-05-30T09:55:30Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Kingston Nyamapfene | image = | caption = Farfesa Kingston Nyamapfene | birth_place = Zimbabwe | nationality = Ɗan Zimbabwe, ɗan Amurka | occupation = Farfesa, masanin kimiyyar ƙasa, shugaban jami'a | known_for = Jagorancin manyan jami'o'i a Afirka da Amurka, bincike kan kimiyyar ƙasa da muhalli | alma_mater = Jami'ar London, Jami'ar Cornell, Jami'ar Aberdeen }} '''Kingston Nyamapfene''' fitaccen farfesa ne kuma shugaban jami'a wanda ya yi suna a... 843285 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Kingston Nyamapfene | image = | caption = Farfesa Kingston Nyamapfene | birth_place = Zimbabwe | nationality = Ɗan Zimbabwe, ɗan Amurka | occupation = Farfesa, masanin kimiyyar ƙasa, shugaban jami'a | known_for = Jagorancin manyan jami'o'i a Afirka da Amurka, bincike kan kimiyyar ƙasa da muhalli | alma_mater = Jami'ar London, Jami'ar Cornell, Jami'ar Aberdeen }} '''Kingston Nyamapfene''' fitaccen farfesa ne kuma shugaban jami'a wanda ya yi suna a fannin kimiyyar ƙasa (Soil Science), noma, kula da muhalli da gudanar da manyan cibiyoyin ilimi a Afirka, Turai da Amurka. Ya riƙe manyan muƙamai a jami'o'i da dama ciki har da '''African University of Science and Technology (AUST)''' da ke Abuja da kuma '''University of Africa, Toru-Orua''' a Jihar Bayelsa, Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wtu-n.net/delegates/professor-kingston-nyamapfene/ |title=Professor Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=World Technology Universities Network |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Kingston Nyamapfene a ƙasar Zimbabwe. Ya samu digirin farko (BA) a fannin Turanci da Geography daga Jami'ar London. Daga baya ya sami digirin MSc a fannin Agronomy daga Jami'ar Cornell da ke Amurka sannan ya kammala digirin digirgir (PhD) a Kimiyyar Ƙasa daga Jami'ar Aberdeen da ke Scotland. Haka kuma ya samu horo a fannin Remote Sensing daga International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences da ke Netherlands.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wtu-n.net/delegates/professor-kingston-nyamapfene/ |title=Professor Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=World Technology Universities Network |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin kimiyya == Nyamapfene ya fara aikinsa a matsayin masanin bincike a Chemistry and Soil Research Institute a Zimbabwe. Daga baya ya shiga Jami'ar Zimbabwe inda ya shugabanci sashen kula da ƙasa da kuma taimakawa wajen kafa sashen farko na Soil Science a makarantar aikin gona ta jami'ar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://fulbrightscholars.org/grantee/kingston-nyamapfene |title=Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=Fulbright Scholar Program |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Ya yi fice wajen bincike kan: * Kimiyyar ƙasa * Noma da sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa * Gyaran muhalli da filayen da ayyukan hakar ma'adinai suka lalata * Tsarin ilimi da bunƙasa jami'o'i Ya wallafa fiye da takardu 70 na bincike a mujallu na kimiyya tare da rubuta ko haɗa littattafai sama da 15.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://uafricatoruorua.academia.edu/KingstonNyamapfene |title=Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=Academia.edu |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ayyuka a Afirka ta Kudu == A shekarun 1990, Nyamapfene ya yi aiki a Jami'ar Fort Hare inda ya zama shugaban sashen Agronomy sannan daga baya ya zama shugaban Faculty of Agriculture. Bayan haka ya zama Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a mai kula da harkokin ilimi da bincike a Vista University ta Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wtu-n.net/delegates/professor-kingston-nyamapfene/ |title=Professor Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=World Technology Universities Network |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Ya kuma kasance shugaban Water Research Commission na Afirka ta Kudu tare da jagorantar ayyukan da suka shafi bincike kan ruwa da muhalli.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://uafricatoruorua.academia.edu/KingstonNyamapfene |title=Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=Academia.edu |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ayyuka a Amurka == Nyamapfene ya riƙe manyan muƙamai a jami'o'i da dama a Amurka. Daga ciki akwai: * Assistant Provost for E-Learning da Dean of Continuing Education a Texas Southern University * Dean of International Programs a SUNY Empire State College * Distinguished Leadership Chair a Rocky Mountain College, Montana A waɗannan muƙamai ya taimaka wajen bunƙasa ilimin yanar gizo (online education) da haɗin gwiwar jami'o'in duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wtu-n.net/delegates/professor-kingston-nyamapfene/ |title=Professor Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=World Technology Universities Network |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ayyukansa a Najeriya == Nyamapfene ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban manyan jami'o'i a Najeriya. === African University of Science and Technology === Ya kasance shugaban jami'ar '''African University of Science and Technology (AUST)''' da ke Abuja. Jami'ar na daga cikin cibiyoyin Nelson Mandela African Institutes of Science and Technology da ke horar da ɗalibai daga ƙasashen Afirka da dama.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wtu-n.net/delegates/professor-kingston-nyamapfene/ |title=Professor Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=World Technology Universities Network |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> === University of Africa, Toru-Orua === A shekarar 2019 an naɗa shi Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a (Vice-Chancellor) na '''University of Africa, Toru-Orua''' da ke Jihar Bayelsa. Ya maye gurbin Farfesa Valentine Aletor bayan karewar wa'adinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://myschoolgist.com/ng/uat-gets-new-vc/ |title=University of Africa Gets New Vice Chancellor |website=MySchoolGist |date=2019-09-25 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinsa jami'ar ta samu ci gaba a fannoni daban-daban na bincike, haɗin gwiwar ƙasa da ƙasa da kuma bunƙasa tsarin gudanarwa. Wa'adinsa ya ƙare a shekarar 2023 inda Farfesa Barclays Ayakoroma ya karɓi ragamar shugabanci a matsayin mukaddashin shugaban jami'a.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thewillnews.com/2023/09/01/uat-prof-nyamapfene-bows-out-as-prof-ayakoroma-steps-in-as-acting-vice-chancellor/ |title=UAT: Prof Nyamapfene Bows Out As Prof Ayakoroma Steps In As Acting Vice-Chancellor |website=THEWILL |date=2023-09-01 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rubuce-rubuce == Daya daga cikin sanannun littattafan Nyamapfene shi ne: * ''The Soils of Zimbabwe'' Littafin ya zama muhimmin kundin bincike kan nau'o'in ƙasa da hanyoyin amfani da su a Zimbabwe.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://uafricatoruorua.academia.edu/KingstonNyamapfene |title=Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=Academia.edu |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Gudummawa == Masana ilimi suna kallon Nyamapfene a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun shugabannin jami'o'i na Afirka saboda gudummawar da ya bayar wajen: * Gina sabbin cibiyoyin ilimi * Haɓaka ilimin yanar gizo * Bunƙasa binciken noma da muhalli * Haɗa jami'o'in Afirka da na duniya cikin haɗin gwiwar ilimi <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wtu-n.net/delegates/professor-kingston-nyamapfene/ |title=Professor Kingston Nyamapfene |publisher=World Technology Universities Network |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Zimbabwean academics]] [[Category:American academics]] [[Category:University administrators]] [[Category:Soil scientists]] [[Category:University of London alumni]] [[Category:Cornell University alumni]] [[Category:University of Aberdeen alumni]] [[Category:African University of Science and Technology]] [[Category:People associated with universities in Nigeria]] [[Category:Environmental scientists]] ```0 lolkmtls9h7lyybyq6dik2tvp3qd0v4 0 153414 843289 2026-05-30T10:01:40Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1297613458|Mvoti River]]" 843289 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mvoti''' ko '''kogin uMvoti''' kogi ne a yankin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mvoti River, South Africa - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates |url=http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143338/https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa |archive-date=21 May 2024 |access-date=7 July 2017 |website=Geographic.org}}</ref> A kusa da KwaDukuza, Kogin Mvoti, yana fuskantar karancin ruwa, wanda ke samar da ruwa don ban ruwa, amfanin masana'antu, amfani da birane, da kuma amfani da shi a cikin gida a matsugunan da ba na yau da kullum ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-12-01 |title=Aspects of the ecological state of the Mvoti River in the Stanger area, KwaZulu-Natal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230896096 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143335/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230896096_Aspects_of_the_ecological_state_of_the_Mvoti_River_in_the_Stanger_area_KwaZulu-Natal |archive-date=21 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2020 |website=ResearchGate}}</ref> Kogin Mvoti (<sup>2</sup> 32°20′E / 29.400°S 32.333°E / -29.400; 32.333) yana arewacin birnin [[Durban]]. Kogin yana da kimanin kilomita 197 kuma yana da yanki na 2829 km2. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Department of Environmental Affairs - |url=http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/mvoti.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008000108/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/mvoti.html |archive-date=8 October 2006 |access-date=7 July 2017 |website=Environment.gov.za}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; An sanya wa kogin suna ne bayan Headman [[Mvoti Ncashange]], na dangin L'la (mutanen hutu), waɗanda suka zauna a gefen wannan kogin. == Manazarta == Ngwavuma RiverMvoti RiverNgwavuma RiverMvoti RiverMvoti RiverNgwavuma RiverMvoti River {{Reflist}} 7yup9w9sz13e737tce5aju0aso8vvll 843290 843289 2026-05-30T10:02:02Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 843290 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mvoti''' ko '''kogin uMvoti''' kogi ne a yankin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mvoti River, South Africa - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates |url=http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143338/https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa |archive-date=21 May 2024 |access-date=7 July 2017 |website=Geographic.org}}</ref> A kusa da KwaDukuza, Kogin Mvoti, yana fuskantar karancin ruwa, wanda ke samar da ruwa don ban ruwa, amfanin masana'antu, amfani da birane, da kuma amfani da shi a cikin gida a matsugunan da ba na yau da kullum ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-12-01 |title=Aspects of the ecological state of the Mvoti River in the Stanger area, KwaZulu-Natal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230896096 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143335/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230896096_Aspects_of_the_ecological_state_of_the_Mvoti_River_in_the_Stanger_area_KwaZulu-Natal |archive-date=21 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2020 |website=ResearchGate}}</ref> Kogin Mvoti (<sup>2</sup> 32°20′E / 29.400°S 32.333°E / -29.400; 32.333) yana arewacin birnin [[Durban]]. Kogin yana da kimanin kilomita 197 kuma yana da yanki na 2829 km2. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Department of Environmental Affairs - |url=http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/mvoti.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008000108/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/mvoti.html |archive-date=8 October 2006 |access-date=7 July 2017 |website=Environment.gov.za}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; An sanya wa kogin suna ne bayan Headman [[Mvoti Ncashange]], na dangin L'la (mutanen hutu), waɗanda suka zauna a gefen wannan kogin. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 5utemsgtyr9ck1102ccez9vdhsgg3om 843291 843290 2026-05-30T10:04:25Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843291 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mvoti''' ko '''kogin uMvoti''' kogi ne a yankin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mvoti River, South Africa - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates |url=http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143338/https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa |archive-date=21 May 2024 |access-date=7 July 2017 |website=Geographic.org}}</ref> A kusa da KwaDukuza, Kogin Mvoti, yana fuskantar karancin ruwa, wanda ke samar da ruwa don ban ruwa, amfanin masana'antu, amfani da birane,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa|title=Mvoti River, South Africa - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates|website=Geographic.org|accessdate=7 July 2017|archive-date=21 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143338/https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/RiverKZNMvoti/MVOTIRiver_Overview%20.htm] </ref> da kuma amfani da shi a cikin gida a matsugunan da ba na yau da kullum ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-12-01 |title=Aspects of the ecological state of the Mvoti River in the Stanger area, KwaZulu-Natal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230896096 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143335/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230896096_Aspects_of_the_ecological_state_of_the_Mvoti_River_in_the_Stanger_area_KwaZulu-Natal |archive-date=21 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2020 |website=ResearchGate}}</ref> Kogin Mvoti (<sup>2</sup> 32°20′E / 29.400°S 32.333°E / -29.400; 32.333) yana arewacin birnin [[Durban]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa|title=Mvoti River, South Africa - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates|website=Geographic.org|accessdate=7 July 2017|archive-date=21 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143338/https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/RiverKZNMvoti/MVOTIRiver_Overview%20.htm] </ref> Kogin yana da kimanin kilomita 197 kuma yana da yanki na 2829 km2. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Department of Environmental Affairs - |url=http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/mvoti.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008000108/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/mvoti.html |archive-date=8 October 2006 |access-date=7 July 2017 |website=Environment.gov.za}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; An sanya wa kogin suna ne bayan Headman [[Mvoti Ncashange]], na dangin L'la (mutanen hutu), waɗanda suka zauna a gefen wannan kogin.<ref>[http://www.ewater.co.za/misc/RiverKZNMvoti/defaultmain.htm] {{dead link|date=July 2017}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} a8sy8e1kz6v4n1ir477bhnb2aqsisl2 843294 843291 2026-05-30T10:08:14Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843294 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Mvoti''' ko '''kogin uMvoti''' kogi ne a yankin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mvoti River, South Africa - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates |url=http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143338/https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa |archive-date=21 May 2024 |access-date=7 July 2017 |website=Geographic.org}}</ref> A kusa da KwaDukuza, Kogin Mvoti, yana fuskantar karancin ruwa, wanda ke samar da ruwa don ban ruwa, amfanin masana'antu, amfani da birane,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa |title=Mvoti River, South Africa - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates |website=Geographic.org |accessdate=7 July 2017 |archive-date=21 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143338/https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/RiverKZNMvoti/MVOTIRiver_Overview%20.htm] </ref> da kuma amfani da shi a cikin gida a matsugunan da ba na yau da kullum ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-12-01 |title=Aspects of the ecological state of the Mvoti River in the Stanger area, KwaZulu-Natal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230896096 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143335/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230896096_Aspects_of_the_ecological_state_of_the_Mvoti_River_in_the_Stanger_area_KwaZulu-Natal |archive-date=21 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2020 |website=ResearchGate}}</ref> Kogin Mvoti (<sup>2</sup> 32°20′E / 29.400°S 32.333°E / -29.400; 32.333) yana arewacin birnin [[Durban]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa|title=Mvoti River, South Africa - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates|website=Geographic.org|accessdate=7 July 2017|archive-date=21 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143338/https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-1840638&fid=5682&c=south_africa|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/RiverKZNMvoti/MVOTIRiver_Overview%20.htm] </ref> Kogin yana da kimanin kilomita 197 kuma yana da yanki na 2829 km2. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Department of Environmental Affairs - |url=http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/mvoti.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008000108/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/mvoti.html |archive-date=8 October 2006 |access-date=7 July 2017 |website=Environment.gov.za}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; An sanya wa kogin suna ne bayan Headman [[Mvoti Ncashange]], na dangin L'la (mutanen hutu), waɗanda suka zauna a gefen wannan kogin.<ref>[http://www.ewater.co.za/misc/RiverKZNMvoti/defaultmain.htm] {{dead link|date=July 2017}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} b6lhppnmdwnjo1rszf6lwlyrlyf2xb9 0 153415 843292 2026-05-30T10:05:03Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Ladipo Adamolekun | birth_date = {{birth date|1942|7|20}} | birth_place = Iju, Jihar Ondo, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Malamin jami'a, masanin harkokin mulki da gudanarwar gwamnati | known_for = Nazarin Public Administration da Governance a Afirka | employer = Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo, World Bank }} '''Ladipo Adamolekun''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1942) fitaccen masanin gudanarwar gwamnati (''Public Administration'')... 843292 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Ladipo Adamolekun | birth_date = {{birth date|1942|7|20}} | birth_place = Iju, Jihar Ondo, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Malamin jami'a, masanin harkokin mulki da gudanarwar gwamnati | known_for = Nazarin Public Administration da Governance a Afirka | employer = Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo, World Bank }} '''Ladipo Adamolekun''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1942) fitaccen masanin gudanarwar gwamnati (''Public Administration'') ne daga Najeriya. Ana kallonsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana harkokin shugabanci, gyaran ma'aikatar gwamnati da gudanar da mulki a Afirka. Ya taba zama shugaban tsangayar gudanarwa (Dean of Faculty of Administration) a '''Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo''' sannan kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin babban ƙwararre kan harkokin gudanarwar gwamnati a '''World Bank'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://adamolekun.com/biography/ |title=Biography – Ladipo Adamolekun |publisher=Adamolekun & Associates |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://articles.connectnigeria.com/men-you-should-know-ladipo-adamolekun/ |title=Men You Should Know: Ladipo Adamolekun |website=Connect Nigeria |date=2022-06-26 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Adamolekun a garin '''Iju''' da ke yankin Akure North a Jihar Ondo ta Najeriya. Ya fito daga gidan Joshua Adamolekun da Juliana Bama Adamolekun. Ya yi karatun firamare da sakandare a '''Oyemekun Grammar School''' da kuma '''Christ's School Ado-Ekiti'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://articles.connectnigeria.com/men-you-should-know-ladipo-adamolekun/ |title=Men You Should Know: Ladipo Adamolekun |website=Connect Nigeria |date=2022-06-26 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ilimi == Adamolekun ya samu digirin farko na BA a harshen Faransanci (French) da darajar ''First Class Honours'' daga '''Jami'ar Ibadan'''. Daga baya ya samu digirin DPA da MPhil a fannin gudanarwar gwamnati daga '''Jami'ar Ife''' (wadda yanzu ake kira Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo). Ya kuma samu digirin DPhil a fannin Siyasa daga '''Jami'ar Oxford''' a Birtaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://adamolekun.com/biography/ |title=Biography – Ladipo Adamolekun |publisher=Adamolekun & Associates |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Adamolekun ya shiga aikin koyarwa a Jami'ar Ife a shekarar 1968. A cikin shekarun aikinsa ya zama Farfesa a fannin Public Administration sannan ya rike mukamin shugaban sashen gudanarwar gwamnati da kuma shugaban tsangayar gudanarwa daga shekarar 1979 zuwa 1982.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://articles.connectnigeria.com/men-you-should-know-ladipo-adamolekun/ |title=Men You Should Know: Ladipo Adamolekun |website=Connect Nigeria |date=2022-06-26 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Ya yi bincike sosai kan tsarin shugabanci, gyaran ma'aikatan gwamnati, rabon iko tsakanin matakan gwamnati da kuma yadda za a inganta gudanarwa a ƙasashen Afirka. Rubuce-rubucensa sun yi tasiri sosai a Najeriya da sauran ƙasashen Afirka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Adamolekun |first=Ladipo |title=Accountability and Control Measures in Public Bureaucracies: A Comparative Analysis of Anglophone and Francophone Africa |journal=International Review of Administrative Sciences |year=1974 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/002085237404000401 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aiki a World Bank == Daga shekarar 1987 zuwa 2004, Adamolekun ya yi aiki a '''World Bank''' da ke Washington DC a matsayin babban ƙwararre kan harkokin gudanarwar gwamnati da gyaran ma'aikatu. A wannan lokaci ya ba da gudummawa wajen tsara manufofi da shirye-shiryen gyaran gwamnati a ƙasashe daban-daban na Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://adamolekun.com/biography/ |title=Biography – Ladipo Adamolekun |publisher=Adamolekun & Associates |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Kafin wannan aiki, ya kuma yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (United Nations Secretariat) a New York tsakanin shekarar 1975 zuwa 1976.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://adamolekun.com/biography/ |title=Biography – Ladipo Adamolekun |publisher=Adamolekun & Associates |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Bincike da gudummawa == Adamolekun ya yi suna wajen nazarin: * Tsarin gudanarwar gwamnati a Afirka * Rabon iko tsakanin gwamnatin tarayya da ƙananan hukumomi * Gyaran ma'aikatan gwamnati * Inganta shugabanci da kyakkyawan mulki * Siyasa da gudanarwa a Najeriya A cikin bincikensa, ya yi jayayya cewa yawaitar ikon gwamnati a mataki na tsakiya (centralization) na daga cikin abubuwan da suka jawo matsalolin gudanarwa a ƙasashen Afirka. Ya ba da shawarar ƙarfafa ƙananan hukumomi da rabon iko domin inganta dimokuraɗiyya da ci gaba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladipo_Adamolekun |title=Ladipo Adamolekun |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Littattafai == Daga cikin fitattun littattafansa akwai: * ''Public Administration: A Nigerian and Comparative Perspective'' (1983) * ''Politics and Administration in Nigeria'' (1993) * ''Public Administration in Africa: Main Issues and Selected Country Studies'' (1999) * ''Sekou Toure's Guinea: An Experiment in Nation Building'' (1976) * ''The Fall of the Second Republic'' (1985) * ''Nigeria's Ombudsman System'' (1982) <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://openlibrary.org/works/OL3604235W/Public_administration |title=Public Administration: A Nigerian and Comparative Perspective |publisher=Open Library |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo == A shekarar 2005, gwamnatin Najeriya ta ba shi lambar yabo ta '''Nigerian National Order of Merit (NNOM)''', wacce ake ɗauka a matsayin mafi girman lambar yabo ta ilimi da bincike a ƙasar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://adamolekun.com/biography/ |title=Biography – Ladipo Adamolekun |publisher=Adamolekun & Associates |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A shekarar 2016 kuma, '''Lead City University''' ta ba shi digirin girmamawa na DSc a fannin Public Policy and Governance.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://adamolekun.com/biography/ |title=Biography – Ladipo Adamolekun |publisher=Adamolekun & Associates |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Girmamawa == Ana kallon Ladipo Adamolekun a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masana gudanarwar gwamnati da suka fi tasiri a Afirka. A shekarar 2026, '''DAWN Commission''' ta bayyana shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙwararrun masana shugabanci a Najeriya yayin wani zaman tattaunawa kan ci gaba da mulki a yankin Yammacin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://dawncommission.org/governance-scholar-prof-adamolekun-engages-dawn-commission-in-first-of-a-series-of-expert-sessions/ |title=Governance Scholar Prof. Adamolekun engages DAWN Commission |publisher=DAWN Commission |date=2026-03-11 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1942 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] [[Category:Nigerian political scientists]] [[Category:Public administration scholars]] [[Category:University of Ibadan alumni]] [[Category:University of Oxford alumni]] [[Category:Obafemi Awolowo University faculty]] [[Category:People from Ondo State]] [[Category:Yoruba academics]] [[Category:Nigerian National Order of Merit winners]] 2lbz118bb2azbc4gidlsx4sakiv7c7g 0 153416 843295 2026-05-30T10:13:09Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Law Mefor | image = | birth_date = | birth_place = Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan Adam, marubuci, ɗan jarida, mai sharhi kan harkokin siyasa | known_for = Ilimin halayyar ɗan Adam, aikin jarida, da hidimar gwamnati | office = Kwamishinan Yaɗa Labarai na Jihar Anambra | term_start = 2024 }} '''Law Mefor''' masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan Adam ne daga Najeriya, marubuci, malami, mai ba da shawara kan... 843295 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Law Mefor | image = | birth_date = | birth_place = Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan Adam, marubuci, ɗan jarida, mai sharhi kan harkokin siyasa | known_for = Ilimin halayyar ɗan Adam, aikin jarida, da hidimar gwamnati | office = Kwamishinan Yaɗa Labarai na Jihar Anambra | term_start = 2024 }} '''Law Mefor''' masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan Adam ne daga Najeriya, marubuci, malami, mai ba da shawara kan harkokin yaɗa labarai, kuma jami'in gwamnati. Ya shahara wajen rubuce-rubuce kan harkokin siyasa, zamantakewa da ci gaban Najeriya. A shekarar 2024, gwamnan jihar Anambra, [[Chukwuma Soludo]], ya naɗa shi a matsayin Kwamishinan Yaɗa Labarai na jihar Anambra.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thecable.ng/?p=1065135 |title=Soludo appoints Law Mefor as Anambra commissioner for information |website=TheCable |date=2024-09-17 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Law Mefor ya yi karatu a fannoni daban-daban da suka shafi ilimin halayyar ɗan Adam da gudanar da mulki. Ya samu digiri a fannin ''General and Applied Psychology'' daga Jami'ar Jos. Daga baya ya yi karatun ''Forensic Psychology'' a Jami'ar Jihar Nasarawa. Haka kuma ya samu digirin digirgir (PhD) a fannin ''Social Psychology'' daga Jami'ar Najeriya da ke Nsukka. Bugu da ƙari, ya kammala digirin digirgir na biyu (Master's Degree) a fannin Gudanar da Harkokin Jama'a (Public Administration) daga Jami'ar Calabar. Ya kuma samu takardar shaidar karatun aikin jarida (Postgraduate Diploma in Journalism) daga International Institute of Journalism da ke Abuja.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.anambradaily.com/2024/09/17/soludo-swears-in-law-mefor-as-new-anambra-information-commissioner/ |title=Soludo Swears in Law Mefor as New Anambra Information Commissioner |website=Anambra Daily |date=2024-09-17 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thecable.ng/?p=1065135 |title=Soludo appoints Law Mefor as Anambra commissioner for information |website=TheCable |date=2024-09-17 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aiki == Mefor ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a International Institute of Journalism, Abuja, inda ya koyar tsawon shekaru masu yawa. Ya kuma yi suna a matsayin mai sharhi da marubucin ra'ayoyi a jaridu da gidajen yanar gizo daban-daban na Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://citypost.com.ng/2024/09/18/harnessing-experience-and-technology-dr-law-mefor-takes-charge-as-anambras-information-commissioner/ |title=Harnessing Experience and Technology: Dr. Law Mefor Takes Charge as Anambra’s Information Commissioner |website=Citypost |date=2024-09-18 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A fagen aikin gwamnati, ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya a matsayin Babban Mataimakin Majalisa (Senior Legislative Aide) da kuma Mataimaki na Musamman ga sanatoci da shugabannin majalisar dattawa. Wannan aiki ya ba shi damar shiga harkokin tsara manufofi da gudanar da binciken siyasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.anambradaily.com/2024/09/17/soludo-swears-in-law-mefor-as-new-anambra-information-commissioner/ |title=Soludo Swears in Law Mefor as New Anambra Information Commissioner |website=Anambra Daily |date=2024-09-17 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Kwamishinan Yaɗa Labarai na Anambra == A watan Satumba na shekarar 2024, Gwamna Chukwuma Soludo ya naɗa Law Mefor a matsayin Kwamishinan Yaɗa Labarai na Jihar Anambra bayan sauyin da aka yi a majalisar zartarwar jihar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://anambrastate.gov.ng/anambra-assembly-confirms-mefor-as-commissioner-designate-for-information/ |title=Anambra Assembly Confirms Mefor as Commissioner-Designate for Information |publisher=Anambra State Government |date=2024-09-18 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Bayan rantsar da shi, Mefor ya bayyana cewa zai yi aiki tare da kafafen yaɗa labarai domin inganta ilimin tantance sahihancin bayanai (media literacy) tare da rage yaɗuwar bayanan ƙarya. Ya kuma bayyana aniyarsa ta amfani da fasaha wajen sabunta ma'aikatar yaɗa labarai ta jihar domin ta zama mai inganci da sauƙin isar da bayanai ga jama'a.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2024/09/20/mefor-assumes-duty-as-anambra-information-commissioner/ |title=Mefor Assumes Duty as Anambra Information Commissioner |website=THISDAY |date=2024-09-20 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thesun.ng/soludo-swears-in-law-mefor-as-new-anambra-information-commissioner/ |title=Soludo swears-in Law Mefor as new Anambra Information Commissioner |website=The Sun Nigeria |date=2024-09-17 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rubuce-rubuce == Law Mefor ya wallafa littattafai da dama a fannoni daban-daban na siyasa, adabi da zamantakewa. Daga cikin sanannun ayyukansa akwai: * ''The Audacity of Power'' * ''Senator Ken Nnamani: Portrait and the New Nigerian Senate'' * ''Dream Abuja'' * ''Corpers' Odyssey'' * ''Phantasmagoria'' An san shi da rubuce-rubucen sharhi kan siyasar Najeriya da harkokin al'umma, inda yake amfani da ilimin halayyar ɗan Adam wajen nazarin al'amuran siyasa da zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.anambradaily.com/2024/09/17/soludo-swears-in-law-mefor-as-new-anambra-information-commissioner/ |title=Soludo Swears in Law Mefor as New Anambra Information Commissioner |website=Anambra Daily |date=2024-09-17 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.legit.ng/1089723-opinion-what-nnamdi-kanu-told-by-law-mefor.html |title=What Nnamdi Kanu told me – By Law Mefor |website=Legit.ng |date=2017-02-21 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Girmamawa == Law Mefor ya samu matsayin ''Fellow'' na Chartered Institute of Educational Practitioners na Ƙasar Birtaniya (CIEPUK). Haka kuma an san shi a matsayin memba na Abuja School of Social and Political Thought saboda gudummawar da yake bayarwa a fannin tunanin siyasa da zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://leaderbox.africa/leaders/law-mefor |title=Law Mefor Profile |website=LeaderBox Africa |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://citypost.com.ng/2024/09/18/harnessing-experience-and-technology-dr-law-mefor-takes-charge-as-anambras-information-commissioner/ |title=Harnessing Experience and Technology: Dr. Law Mefor Takes Charge as Anambra’s Information Commissioner |website=Citypost |date=2024-09-18 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian psychologists]] [[Category:Nigerian writers]] [[Category:Nigerian journalists]] [[Category:University of Jos alumni]] [[Category:University of Nigeria alumni]] [[Category:University of Calabar alumni]] [[Category:People from Anambra State]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] [[Category:Nigerian politicians]] ```0 6rxtxhigfspzsxr2jyg4uvcvuqocdlu 0 153417 843297 2026-05-30T10:21:07Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Magnus L. Kpakol | birth_name = Magnus Lekara Kpakol | birth_place = B. Dere, Gokana, Jihar Rivers, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin tattalin arziki, mai ba da shawara kan tattalin arziki | known_for = Tsohon Babban Mai Ba Shugaban Ƙasa Shawara kan Tattalin Arziki da kuma tsohon Mai Kula da NAPEP | alma_mater = University of Wisconsin, University of North Texas, University of Texas at Dallas }} '''Magnus Lekara K... 843297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Magnus L. Kpakol | birth_name = Magnus Lekara Kpakol | birth_place = B. Dere, Gokana, Jihar Rivers, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin tattalin arziki, mai ba da shawara kan tattalin arziki | known_for = Tsohon Babban Mai Ba Shugaban Ƙasa Shawara kan Tattalin Arziki da kuma tsohon Mai Kula da NAPEP | alma_mater = University of Wisconsin, University of North Texas, University of Texas at Dallas }} '''Magnus Lekara Kpakol''' fitaccen masanin tattalin arziki ne, malami kuma mai ba da shawara kan harkokin ci gaban tattalin arziki daga Najeriya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Mai Ba Shugaban Ƙasa Shawara kan Tattalin Arziki a gwamnatin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo sannan kuma ya kasance Mai Kula da '''National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP)''', shirin gwamnatin tarayya da aka kafa domin rage talauci a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/10/poverty-is-always-the-result-of-the-inability-of-people-to-overcome-elements-of-the-environment-dr-magnus-kpakol/ |title=Poverty is always the result of the inability of people to overcome elements of the environment – Dr. Magnus Kpakol |website=Vanguard News |date=2009-10-17 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Har ila yau, ya yi suna a matsayin malami a jami'o'i daban-daban a Amurka da Najeriya, inda ya koyar da tattalin arziki, ci gaban ƙasashe da kasuwancin duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://egdcenter.org/our-team/ |title=Our Team – Prof. Magnus L. Kpakol |publisher=Economic Growth and Development Center |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Magnus Kpakol a garin B. Dere da ke ƙaramar hukumar Gokana a Jihar Rivers, Najeriya. Ya fara karatu a Saint Pius X College da ke Bodo City sannan ya halarci Baptist High School a Port Harcourt.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sagagist.com.ng/2019/06/meet-magnus-kpakol-entreprenuer.html |title=Meet Magnus Kpakol; Entrepreneur, Business Coach and CEO of Economic and Business Strategies |website=Saga Gist |date=2019-06-27 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A tsakiyar shekarun 1970 ya tafi Amurka domin ci gaba da karatunsa. Ya samu digirin farko na '''Bachelor of Science''' daga University of Wisconsin a shekarar 1978. Daga baya ya yi karatun digiri na biyu a fannin tattalin arzikin ma'aikata da hulɗar masana'antu a University of North Texas inda ya samu '''Master of Science''' a shekarar 1982. Haka kuma ya samu '''Master of Arts''' a Political Economy daga University of Texas at Dallas a shekarar 1983, kafin ya kammala digirin digirgir (PhD) a Political Economy a shekarar 1988.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnus_L._Kpakol |title=Magnus L. Kpakol |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Kafin komawarsa Najeriya domin shiga gwamnati, Kpakol ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a jami'o'i daban-daban a Amurka. Ya kasance Visiting Professor of Economics a University of Dallas, inda ya koyar da Economic Development, International Economics da Global Business. Haka kuma ya koyar a University of North Texas da North Lake College.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/10/poverty-is-always-the-result-of-the-inability-of-people-to-overcome-elements-of-the-environment-dr-magnus-kpakol/ |title=Poverty is always the result of the inability of people to overcome elements of the environment – Dr. Magnus Kpakol |website=Vanguard News |date=2009-10-17 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A matsayinsa na masani kan ci gaban tattalin arziki, ya gabatar da laccoci da tarurruka da dama a Najeriya da ƙasashen duniya kan hanyoyin rage talauci da bunƙasa tattalin arziki.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://leadership.ng/don-harps-on-human-capital-devt-for-nigerias-growth/ |title=Don Harps On Human Capital Devt For Nigeria’s Growth |website=Leadership Newspaper |date=2022-10-21 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin gwamnati == A shekarar 1999, Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo ya naɗa Kpakol a matsayin '''Babban Mai Ba Shugaban Ƙasa Shawara kan Tattalin Arziki''' tare da matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban National Planning Commission.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://egdcenter.org/our-team/ |title=Our Team – Prof. Magnus L. Kpakol |publisher=Economic Growth and Development Center |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Daga baya aka naɗa shi '''National Coordinator''' na National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP), inda ya jagoranci shirye-shiryen rage talauci da tallafa wa marasa galihu a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://dailytrust.com/2000-teenagers-saved-from-dropping-out-of-school/ |title=2,000 Teenagers Saved From Dropping Out Of School |website=Daily Trust |date=2010-01-12 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A lokacin da yake shugabantar NAPEP, an ƙaddamar da shirye-shirye da dama kamar: * '''Conditional Cash Transfer (COPE)''' * '''Village Economic Development Solutions''' * '''Promise Keeper Partnership''' Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun mayar da hankali ne wajen tallafa wa iyalai masu ƙaramin ƙarfi, matasa da ƙananan 'yan kasuwa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnus_L._Kpakol |title=Magnus L. Kpakol |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ra'ayoyi kan talauci da ci gaban tattalin arziki == Kpakol ya shahara wajen bayyana cewa Najeriya tana da isassun albarkatun ƙasa da na ɗan Adam da za su iya kawar da talauci idan aka gudanar da su yadda ya kamata.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://independent.ng/nigeria-has-no-reason-to-be-poor-kpakol/ |title=Nigeria Has No Reason To Be Poor – Kpakol |website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |date=2026-03-14 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A shekarar 2011 ya bayyana cewa sama da mutum miliyan 80 a Najeriya suna rayuwa cikin talauci, yana mai kira ga gwamnati da jihohi da su ƙarfafa ƙananan sana'o'i da zuba jari a ci gaban al'umma.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/05/80m-nigerians-are-poor-kpakol/ |title=80m Nigerians are poor – Kpakol |website=Vanguard News |date=2011-05-18 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Ya kuma yi kira ga Najeriya da ta mai da hankali kan bunƙasa ilimin jama'a da ƙwarewar ma'aikata domin samar da ci gaba mai ɗorewa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://leadership.ng/don-harps-on-human-capital-devt-for-nigerias-growth/ |title=Don Harps On Human Capital Devt For Nigeria’s Growth |website=Leadership Newspaper |date=2022-10-21 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasuwanci da cibiyoyi == Bayan aikinsa na gwamnati, Kpakol ya kafa kuma yake jagorantar '''Economic Growth and Development Center (EGDC)''' da kuma '''Economic and Business Strategies (EBS) Ltd''', cibiyoyin da ke ba da shawarwari kan tattalin arziki, kasuwanci da ci gaban ɗan Adam.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://egdcenter.org/our-team/ |title=Our Team – Prof. Magnus L. Kpakol |publisher=Economic Growth and Development Center |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) tare da wasu ƙungiyoyin duniya masu zaman kansu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnus_L._Kpakol |title=Magnus L. Kpakol |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Girmamawa == An san Kpakol a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masana tattalin arziki daga Jihar Rivers. Ya ci gaba da gabatar da laccoci a manyan cibiyoyin gwamnati da na tsaro, ciki har da National Defence College da ke Abuja.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ndc.gov.ng/hmod-reiterates-fg-commitment-to-national-security/ |title=HMOD Reiterates FG Commitment to National Security |publisher=National Defence College Nigeria |date=2022-10-25 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Nigerian economists]] [[Category:Nigerian educators]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Rivers State]] [[Category:University of Wisconsin alumni]] [[Category:University of North Texas alumni]] [[Category:University of Texas at Dallas alumni]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] [[Category:Nigerian businesspeople]] [[Category:Government officials of Nigeria]] ```0 0zbhswww2pewtktwtv0cmywzu5l0b2l 0 153418 843298 2026-05-30T10:22:30Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1315072088|Lovu River]]" 843298 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin iLovu''', wanda aka fassara shi da '''Kogin Illovo''', kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana tashi a yankin Illovo na sama a kusa da Richmond kusa da Drakensberg, sannan yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da Winklespruit, a gabar tekun Kudu. Sunan "Lovu" (wanda aka daidaita shi da "Illovo") sunan Zulu ne wanda aka ce yana nufin 'maraba', wanda aka samo daga sunan wani nau'in itace (Cordia caffra), kuma yana nufin 'wanda ba shi da rai, mai fushi'. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |url=https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302181359/https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-date=2022-03-02}}</ref> == Manazarta == Mvoti RiverLovu RiverMvoti RiverLovu RiverMvoti RiverLovu River<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> n5t2wqwlqby5vix9zqph8ugtlnh1tos 843299 843298 2026-05-30T10:23:19Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 843299 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin iLovu''', wanda aka fassara shi da '''Kogin Illovo''', kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana tashi a yankin Illovo na sama a kusa da Richmond kusa da Drakensberg, sannan yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da Winklespruit, a gabar tekun Kudu. Sunan "Lovu" (wanda aka daidaita shi da "Illovo") sunan Zulu ne wanda aka ce yana nufin 'maraba', wanda aka samo daga sunan wani nau'in itace (Cordia caffra), kuma yana nufin 'wanda ba shi da rai, mai fushi'. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |url=https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302181359/https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-date=2022-03-02}}</ref> == Manazarta == ks16ccvcetj7dua3zj5dpsi656dphol 843300 843299 2026-05-30T10:23:51Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843300 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin iLovu''', wanda aka fassara shi da '''Kogin Illovo''', kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name=":0" /> Yana tashi a yankin Illovo na sama a kusa da Richmond kusa da Drakensberg, sannan yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da Winklespruit, a gabar tekun Kudu. Sunan "Lovu" (wanda aka daidaita shi da "Illovo") sunan Zulu ne wanda aka ce yana nufin 'maraba', wanda aka samo daga sunan wani nau'in itace (Cordia caffra), kuma yana nufin 'wanda ba shi da rai, mai fushi'. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |url=https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302181359/https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-date=2022-03-02}}</ref> == Manazarta == op634l0krmmuqgnp9cpvvs651owt42l 843303 843300 2026-05-30T10:25:40Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843303 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin iLovu''', wanda aka fassara shi da '''Kogin Illovo''',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |url=https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302181359/https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-date=2022-03-02}}</ref> kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name=":0" /> Yana tashi a yankin Illovo na sama a kusa da Richmond kusa da Drakensberg, sannan yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da Winklespruit, a gabar tekun Kudu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |url=https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302181359/https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-date=2022-03-02}}</ref> Sunan "Lovu" (wanda aka daidaita shi da "Illovo") sunan Zulu ne wanda aka ce yana nufin 'maraba', wanda aka samo daga sunan wani nau'in itace (Cordia caffra), kuma yana nufin 'wanda ba shi da rai, mai fushi'. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |url=https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302181359/https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-date=2022-03-02}}</ref> == Manazarta == dxww8llk8ueof0prsxqo0hww8gwe1jr 843306 843303 2026-05-30T10:37:50Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843306 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin iLovu''', wanda aka fassara shi da '''Kogin Illovo''',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |url=https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302181359/https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-date=2022-03-02}}</ref> kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name=":0" /> Yana tashi a yankin Illovo na sama a kusa da Richmond kusa da Drakensberg, sannan yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] kusa da Winklespruit, a gabar tekun Kudu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |url=https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302181359/https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-date=2022-03-02}}</ref> Sunan "Lovu" (wanda aka daidaita shi da "Illovo") sunan Zulu ne wanda aka ce yana nufin 'maraba', wanda aka samo daga sunan wani nau'in itace (Cordia caffra), kuma yana nufin 'wanda ba shi da rai, mai fushi'. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |url=https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302181359/https://languagecentre.sun.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SaPlaceNamesDictionary1987.pdf |archive-date=2022-03-02}}</ref> == Manazarta == 1fj18kdlp3vp7rw5o0qohgcasseioqr 0 153419 843304 2026-05-30T10:27:40Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Malachy Ikechukwu Okwueze | birth_date = {{birth date|1962|5|30}} | birth_place = Nsukka, Jihar Enugu, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, lauya, malamin addini | known_for = Nazarin Addini da Ɗabi'a, shugabancin jami'a | alma_mater = Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka | employer = Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka }} '''Malachy Ikechukwu Okwueze''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Mayu, 1962) farfesa ne ɗan Najeriya a fannin Addini da Ɗabi'a (R... 843304 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Malachy Ikechukwu Okwueze | birth_date = {{birth date|1962|5|30}} | birth_place = Nsukka, Jihar Enugu, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, lauya, malamin addini | known_for = Nazarin Addini da Ɗabi'a, shugabancin jami'a | alma_mater = Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka | employer = Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka }} '''Malachy Ikechukwu Okwueze''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Mayu, 1962) farfesa ne ɗan Najeriya a fannin Addini da Ɗabi'a (Religion and Ethics). Ya yi aiki a Sashen Nazarin Addini da Al'adu na Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka (University of Nigeria, Nsukka – UNN), kuma ya kasance shugaban jami'ar farko (Pioneer Vice-Chancellor) na Coal City University daga shekarar 2016 zuwa 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malachy_Ikechukwu_Okwueze |title=Malachy Ikechukwu Okwueze |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Okwueze a garin Nsukka da ke Jihar Enugu, Najeriya. Ya yi karatun firamare da sakandare a Anglican Grammar School, wanda yanzu ake kira Nsukka High School. Bayan kammala karatun sakandare da sakamako mai kyau, ya shiga Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka inda ya samu digiri na farko a fannin Addini da sakamakon First Class Honors.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.everybodywiki.com/Okwueze_Malachy_Ikechukwu |title=Okwueze Malachy Ikechukwu |website=EverybodyWiki |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Daga baya ya samu digirin MA a shekarar 1989 da kuma PhD a fannin Addini a shekarar 1995 daga wannan jami'a. Haka kuma ya karanci shari'a a University of Nigeria Enugu Campus (UNEC), inda ya samu digirin LL.B kuma ya yi fice a fannin Commercial Law. A shekarar 1996 an kira shi zuwa Nigerian Bar bayan kammala karatu a Nigerian Law School da ke Lagos.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malachy_Ikechukwu_Okwueze |title=Malachy Ikechukwu Okwueze |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Okwueze ya yi aiki a matsayin malami kuma mai bincike a Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka. Ya koyar a fannonin Addini, Ɗabi'a, Al'adu da zamantakewar al'umma. Haka kuma ya rike mukamai da dama a jami'ar, ciki har da: * Shugaban Sashen Nazarin Addini da Al'adu * Dean of Student Affairs * Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a mai kula da Gudanarwa (Deputy Vice-Chancellor Administration) daga 2012 zuwa 2014 * Memba na kwamitocin ilimi da bincike daban-daban na jami'a Sashen da ya yi aiki a cikinsa yana daga cikin tsoffin sassan ilimi na UNN kuma yana mai da hankali kan nazarin Kiristanci, Addinin Gargajiya na Afirka da Musulunci a mahallin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.unn.edu.ng/academics/faculties/social-sciences/religion/ |title=Religion and Cultural Studies Department |publisher=University of Nigeria, Nsukka |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Shugabancin Coal City University == A shekarar 2016, Okwueze ya zama shugaban jami'a na farko (Pioneer Vice-Chancellor) na Coal City University da ke Enugu. A lokacin shugabancinsa ya taimaka wajen kafa tsarin gudanarwa, shirye-shiryen karatu da bunƙasa jami'ar a matakin farko na ci gabanta.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malachy_Ikechukwu_Okwueze |title=Malachy Ikechukwu Okwueze |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ayyukan gwamnati == Baya ga aikin ilimi, Okwueze ya shiga harkokin gudanarwa a gwamnatin Jihar Enugu. Ya taba zama Mataimakin Babban Ma'aikacin Gwamna (Deputy Chief of Staff) a gwamnatin Gwamna Ifeanyi Ugwuanyi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malachy_Ikechukwu_Okwueze |title=Malachy Ikechukwu Okwueze |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Ya kuma kasance cikin kwamitocin gyaran harkokin gwamnati da ci gaban ayyukan jama'a a jihar Enugu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malachy_Ikechukwu_Okwueze |title=Malachy Ikechukwu Okwueze |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ra'ayoyi da jawabai == A shekarar 2012, lokacin da aka nada shi Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar UNN mai kula da Gudanarwa, ya yi kira ga shugabanni da al'ummar Najeriya da su rungumi kyawawan dabi'u da gaskiya domin magance matsalolin da ke addabar ƙasar. Ya bayyana cewa addini na taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gina ɗabi'a da zaman lafiya a cikin al'umma.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/06/new-unn-deputy-vc-makes-case-for-true-moral-re-armament/amp/ |title=New UNN Deputy VC makes case for true moral re-armament |website=Vanguard News |date=2012-06-02 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A shekarar 2014 ya kuma yi kira ga matasa da kada su bari a yi amfani da su wajen tashin hankali ko rikice-rikicen siyasa, yana mai jaddada muhimmancin zaman lafiya da shugabanci nagari.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/story/election-fever-shun-violence-dont-be-political-pawns-don-2024080116530685372 |title=Shun Violence, Don't Be Political Pawns — Don |website=Pulse Nigeria |date=2014-08-07 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Wallafe-wallafe == Daga cikin fitattun ayyukansa akwai: * ''Ethics, Religion and Society: Biblical, Traditional and Contemporary Perspectives'' * ''Religion and Societal Development: Contemporary Nigerian Perspectives'' * ''Religion, Culture and Secularism: Beyond the Western Paradigm'' * ''The Church and Entrepreneurship: Hope for the Youth in Nigeria'' (tare da D.C. Ononogbu) <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malachy_Ikechukwu_Okwueze |title=Malachy Ikechukwu Okwueze |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Girmamawa == Okwueze ya samu yabo saboda haɗa ilimin addini da na shari'a a aikinsa. Haka kuma ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun malamai a Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka, inda ya horar da ɗalibai da masu bincike da dama a fannin Addini da Nazarin Al'adu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.unn.edu.ng/academics/faculties/social-sciences/religion/ |title=Religion and Cultural Studies Department |publisher=University of Nigeria, Nsukka |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1962 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] [[Category:Nigerian lawyers]] [[Category:Nigerian professors]] [[Category:University of Nigeria alumni]] [[Category:Academic staff of the University of Nigeria]] [[Category:People from Enugu State]] [[Category:Religion scholars]] 0a2j51tup6hh85s8060ih6pam2an0gy 0 153420 843305 2026-05-30T10:34:38Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Matthew N.O. Sadiku | birth_name = Matthew Nojimu Olanipekun Sadiku | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1955|5|17}} | birth_place = Shagamu, Jihar Ogun, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Marubuci, farfesa, injiniyan lantarki | known_for = Rubuce-rubuce kan injiniyan lantarki, ilimin sadarwa da fasahar kwamfuta | alma_mater = Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello, Tennessee Technological University }} '''Matthew Nojimu Olanipekun Sadiku''' (an haife... 843305 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Matthew N.O. Sadiku | birth_name = Matthew Nojimu Olanipekun Sadiku | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1955|5|17}} | birth_place = Shagamu, Jihar Ogun, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Marubuci, farfesa, injiniyan lantarki | known_for = Rubuce-rubuce kan injiniyan lantarki, ilimin sadarwa da fasahar kwamfuta | alma_mater = Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello, Tennessee Technological University }} '''Matthew Nojimu Olanipekun Sadiku''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Mayu, 1955) marubuci ne ɗan Najeriya, farfesan injiniyan lantarki, kuma masani a fannin ilimin sadarwa da lantarki. Ya yi suna a duniya ta hanyar rubuta littattafai da dama da ake amfani da su a jami'o'i wajen koyar da injiniyan lantarki, ilimin lantarki mai ƙarfi (electromagnetics), da tsarin sadarwa. Haka kuma ya rubuta littattafai na addini da tarihin rayuwarsa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://matthew-sadiku.com/about-the-author/ |title=About the Author |website=Matthew-Sadiku.com |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Matthew N.O. Sadiku a garin Shagamu da ke Jihar Ogun a Najeriya. Ya yi karatunsa na sakandare a Remo Secondary School da ke Shagamu sannan ya halarci Federal School of Science da ke Victoria Island a Lagos. Bayan haka ya samu digirin farko (B.Sc.) a fannin Injiniyan Lantarki daga Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zariya a shekarar 1978.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://matthew-sadiku.com/about-the-author/ |title=About the Author |website=Matthew-Sadiku.com |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Daga baya ya tafi Amurka inda ya samu digirin M.Sc. da PhD a Injiniyan Lantarki daga Tennessee Technological University a shekarun 1982 da 1984.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Emotional_Intelligence_and_Its_Applicati.html?id=8ygWEAAAQBAJ |title=Emotional Intelligence and Its Applications |publisher=Google Books |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Sadiku ya fara aikin koyarwa a Florida Atlantic University daga shekarar 1984 zuwa 1988 a matsayin mataimakin farfesa. Daga nan ya koma Temple University a Philadelphia inda ya kai matsayin cikakken farfesa. Tsakanin shekarun 2000 zuwa 2002 ya yi aiki a kamfanonin Lucent/Avaya da Boeing Satellite Systems a matsayin injiniya da babban masanin bincike.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://matthew-sadiku.com/about-the-author/ |title=About the Author |website=Matthew-Sadiku.com |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Daga baya ya zama Farfesa a Prairie View A&M University da ke Texas, Amurka, inda ya koyar da Injiniyan Lantarki da Kwamfuta. Ya kuma zama Farfesa Emeritus bayan ritaya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theportobellobookshop.com/contributed-by/matthew-n-o-sadiku |title=Matthew N O Sadiku Author |publisher=The Portobello Bookshop |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rubuce-rubuce == Matthew N.O. Sadiku ya rubuta fiye da littattafai 100 da kuma daruruwan mujallun bincike na kimiyya. Wasu daga cikin shahararrun littattafansa sun haɗa da: * ''Elements of Electromagnetics'' * ''Fundamentals of Electric Circuits'' (tare da Charles K. Alexander) * ''Computational Electromagnetics with MATLAB'' * ''Principles of Modern Communication Systems'' * ''Emerging Internet-Based Technologies'' Waɗannan littattafai sun zama muhimman kayan koyarwa a jami'o'i da dama a duniya, kuma an fassara wasu daga cikinsu zuwa harsuna daban-daban ciki har da Faransanci, Sinanci, Koriya da Sifaniyanci.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://matthew-sadiku.com/about-the-author/ |title=About the Author |website=Matthew-Sadiku.com |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Littattafan addini == Baya ga rubuce-rubucen ilimin injiniya, Sadiku ya wallafa littattafan addinin Kirista da dama. Ya kuma rubuta sharhi kan littattafan Sabon Alkawari na Littafi Mai Tsarki. Haka kuma ya wallafa littafin tarihin rayuwarsa mai suna ''My Life and Work: An Autobiography'', inda ya bayyana yadda ya taso daga Najeriya zuwa zama fitaccen masani a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://books.apple.com/us/book/my-life-and-work/id6751011497 |title=My Life and Work: An Autobiography |publisher=Apple Books |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da girmamawa == Sadiku ya samu kyaututtuka da dama saboda gudummawar da ya bayar a fannin Injiniyan Lantarki. A shekarar 2000 ya samu lambar yabo ta ''McGraw-Hill/Jacob Millman Award'' saboda gagarumar gudummawar da ya bayar a ilimin lantarki.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://matthew-sadiku.com/about-the-author/ |title=About the Author |website=Matthew-Sadiku.com |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A shekarar 2013 kuma an naɗa shi a matsayin '''Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)''' saboda gudummawar da ya bayar a fannin ''computational electromagnetics'' da koyar da injiniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_N.O._Sadiku |title=Matthew N.O. Sadiku |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Bincike da gudummawa == Binciken Sadiku ya fi mayar da hankali kan: * Computational Electromagnetics * Tsarin sadarwa * Computer Networks * Engineering Education Ayyukansa sun taimaka wajen bunƙasa koyar da Injiniyan Lantarki da sadarwa a jami'o'i da cibiyoyin bincike a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://matthew-sadiku.com/about-the-author/ |title=About the Author |website=Matthew-Sadiku.com |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1955 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian writers]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] [[Category:Nigerian engineers]] [[Category:People from Ogun State]] [[Category:Ahmadu Bello University alumni]] [[Category:Electrical engineers]] [[Category:IEEE Fellows]] [[Category:Prairie View A&M University faculty]] qop8t3a00xf61tz57atisyzbdxtid97 0 153421 843307 2026-05-30T10:39:12Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Maurice Iwu | image = | birth_name = Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1950|4|21}} | birth_place = Umukabia, Ehime Mbano, Jihar Imo, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin magungunan gargajiya, ɗan siyasa | known_for = Pharmacognosy, shugaban INEC na baya | office = Shugaban Hukumar Zaɓe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Ƙasa (INEC) | term_start = Yuni 2005 | term_end = Afrilu 2010 | predecessor = Abel Guo... 843307 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Maurice Iwu | image = | birth_name = Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1950|4|21}} | birth_place = Umukabia, Ehime Mbano, Jihar Imo, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin magungunan gargajiya, ɗan siyasa | known_for = Pharmacognosy, shugaban INEC na baya | office = Shugaban Hukumar Zaɓe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Ƙasa (INEC) | term_start = Yuni 2005 | term_end = Afrilu 2010 | predecessor = Abel Guobadia | successor = Attahiru Jega }} '''Maurice Mmaduakolam Iwu''' (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 1950) farfesan Najeriya ne a fannin '''Pharmacognosy''' (nazarin magungunan da ake samu daga tsirrai da sauran halittu). Ya yi suna a Najeriya da duniya saboda bincikensa kan magungunan gargajiya da tsirran magani. Haka kuma ya kasance shugaban '''Hukumar Zaɓe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Ƙasa (INEC)''' daga shekarar 2005 zuwa 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/features/why-gm-foreign-foods-are-not-good-for-us-by-iwu/ |title=Why GM, foreign foods are not good for us, by Iwu |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=2016-04-21 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/news/its-time-for-nigerians-to-develop-natural-medicines-says-iwu/ |title=It’s time for Nigerians to develop natural medicines, says Iwu |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=2024-03-01 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Maurice Iwu a garin Umukabia da ke ƙaramar hukumar Ehime Mbano a Jihar Imo, Najeriya. Ya yi karatun sakandare a Saint Pius X College da ke Bodo-Ogoni. Daga baya ya tafi ƙasar Birtaniya inda ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Bradford, ya samu digirin Master's a Pharmacy a shekarar 1976 sannan ya samu digirin digirgir (PhD) a shekarar 1978.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/neimeth-appoints-iwu-2-others-as-directors/ |title=Neimeth appoints Iwu, 2 others as Directors |website=Vanguard Nigeria |date=2012-10-16 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya samu guraben bincike da dama ciki har da kasancewa malamin baƙo na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) a Jami'ar Oxford da kuma Fulbright Senior Scholar a Ohio State University da ke Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/neimeth-appoints-iwu-2-others-as-directors/ |title=Neimeth appoints Iwu, 2 others as Directors |website=Vanguard Nigeria |date=2012-10-16 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin ilimi == Maurice Iwu ya kasance Farfesan Pharmacognosy a Jami'ar Najeriya da ke Nsukka (University of Nigeria, Nsukka) tsakanin shekarun 1984 zuwa 1993. Ya yi bincike sosai a kan tsirran magani na Afirka da hanyoyin amfani da su wajen samar da magunguna na zamani.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/features/why-gm-foreign-foods-are-not-good-for-us-by-iwu/ |title=Why GM, foreign foods are not good for us, by Iwu |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=2016-04-21 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Ya wallafa fiye da takardun bincike 100 tare da rubuta littattafai da dama kan ilimin magungunan gargajiya da kimiyyar tsirrai.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/we-discovered-cure-for-coronavirus-in-2015-says-iwu/ |title=We discovered cure for Coronavirus in 2015, says Iwu |website=The Nation |date=2020-03-02 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Bincike kan magungunan gargajiya == Iwu ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masana da suka yi kira a Najeriya da Afirka gaba ɗaya da a ƙara amfani da tsirran magani wajen samar da magunguna. Ya kafa kuma ya jagoranci cibiyoyi da dama masu bincike kan magungunan gargajiya ciki har da: * Bioresources Development and Conservation Programme (BDCP) * International Centre for Ethnomedicine and Drug Development (InterCEDD) * Bioresources Institute of Nigeria (BION) A cewarsa, Najeriya na da dimbin tsirran da za su iya taimakawa wajen samar da magungunan cututtuka kamar zazzabin cizon sauro, ciwon sukari da wasu nau'o'in kansa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/news/its-time-for-nigerians-to-develop-natural-medicines-says-iwu/ |title=It’s time for Nigerians to develop natural medicines, says Iwu |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=2024-03-01 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Shugabancin INEC == A watan Yunin shekarar 2005 ne shugaban ƙasa Olusegun Obasanjo ya naɗa Maurice Iwu a matsayin shugaban INEC bayan Abel Guobadia. A lokacin shugabancinsa ne aka gudanar da zaɓukan shekarar 2007, waɗanda suka fuskanci suka daga cikin gida da wajen Najeriya saboda zarge-zargen maguɗi da kura-kurai a tsarin zaɓe.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13197404 |title=Nigerians welcome sacking of election head Maurice Iwu |publisher=BBC News |date=2010-04-29 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Sai dai kuma a zamaninsa an fara amfani da tsarin rajistar masu zaɓe ta hanyar na'ura mai kwakwalwa (electronic voter registration) kuma an kafa '''Electoral Institute''' domin horaswa da bincike kan harkokin zaɓe.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/neimeth-appoints-iwu-2-others-as-directors/ |title=Neimeth appoints Iwu, 2 others as Directors |website=Vanguard Nigeria |date=2012-10-16 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Afrilu, 2010, gwamnatin shugaban ƙasa Goodluck Jonathan ta cire shi daga mukaminsa, sannan aka maye gurbinsa da Farfesa Attahiru Jega.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13197404 |title=Nigerians welcome sacking of election head Maurice Iwu |publisher=BBC News |date=2010-04-29 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Harkokin kasuwanci da masana'antu == Bayan barinsa INEC, Iwu ya ci gaba da aiki a fannin bincike da masana'antar magunguna. Ya zama darakta a kamfanin '''Neimeth International Pharmaceuticals''' tare da ba da gudummawa wajen bunƙasa binciken magunguna da ake samarwa a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/neimeth-appoints-iwu-2-others-as-directors/ |title=Neimeth appoints Iwu, 2 others as Directors |website=Vanguard Nigeria |date=2012-10-16 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == COVID-19 == A shekarar 2020, Maurice Iwu ya bayyana cewa tawagarsa ta gano wani sinadari da zai iya zama maganin cutar Coronavirus tun daga shekarar 2015. Wannan sanarwa ta jawo muhawara da tattaunawa a Najeriya da sauran ƙasashe saboda a lokacin annobar COVID-19 tana ci gaba da yaɗuwa a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/we-discovered-cure-for-coronavirus-in-2015-says-iwu/ |title=We discovered cure for Coronavirus in 2015, says Iwu |website=The Nation |date=2020-03-02 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://newswirengr.com/2020/03/02/nigerias-prof-maurice-iwu-says-he-has-found-cure-for-deadly-coronavirus/ |title=Nigeria’s Prof Maurice Iwu says he has found cure for deadly Coronavirus |website=NewsWireNGR |date=2020-03-02 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo == Daga cikin manyan lambobin yabon da ya samu akwai: * U.S. National Research International Prize for Ethnobiology (1999) * WHO Visiting Scholar Award * Fulbright Senior Scholar Award <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/neimeth-appoints-iwu-2-others-as-directors/ |title=Neimeth appoints Iwu, 2 others as Directors |website=Vanguard Nigeria |date=2012-10-16 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Littattafai == Daga cikin sanannun ayyukansa akwai: * ''Handbook of African Medicinal Plants'' * ''Ethnomedicine and Drug Discovery'' * ''African Ethnomedicine'' * ''Commercial Production of Indigenous Plants as Phytomedicines and Cosmetics'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1950 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] [[Category:Nigerian pharmacists]] [[Category:University of Nigeria people]] [[Category:People from Imo State]] [[Category:Independent National Electoral Commission chairpersons]] [[Category:Nigerian scientists]] [[Category:Pharmacognosists]] ```0 my5yrvjexadqegli3vb72uetadoixeo 0 153422 843308 2026-05-30T10:41:51Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1231975853|Hluhluwe River]]" 843308 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Hluhluwe''' ya samo asali ne daga wurin ajiyar dabbobi na Hluhluwe, KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana tashi a gundumar Nongoma kuma yana ratsa arewa maso gabas ta hanyar Hlabisa da kuma [[Hluhluwe Dam|madatsar ruwa ta Hluhluwe]], inda bayan haka ya haɗu da [[Nyalazi River|Kogin Nyalazi]] don ya zama [[St Lucia River|Kogin St Lucia]] a Tafkin [[Saint Lucia|St Lucia]]. Sunansa ya samo asali ne daga kogin Hluhluwe mai rarrafe, wanda aka sani da ''umHluhluwe'' a [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]], wanda ke faruwa a gefen kogin. <ref name="raper" /> == Manazarta == Hluhluwe RiverLovu RiverHluhluwe RiverLovu River {{Reflist}} it39dpf3tfs7tyzopu2r4r16lxa05wh 843310 843308 2026-05-30T10:43:07Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 843310 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Hluhluwe''' ya samo asali ne daga wurin ajiyar dabbobi na Hluhluwe, KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Yana tashi a gundumar Nongoma kuma yana ratsa arewa maso gabas ta hanyar Hlabisa da kuma [[Hluhluwe Dam|madatsar ruwa ta Hluhluwe]], inda bayan haka ya haɗu da [[Nyalazi River|Kogin Nyalazi]] don ya zama [[St Lucia River|Kogin St Lucia]] a Tafkin [[Saint Lucia|St Lucia]]. Sunansa ya samo asali ne daga kogin Hluhluwe mai rarrafe, wanda aka sani da ''umHluhluwe'' a [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]], wanda ke faruwa a gefen kogin. <ref name="raper" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 3pxoo456tj6ft7tznbvr0yzb51h7a3n 843312 843310 2026-05-30T10:46:31Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843312 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Hluhluwe''' ya samo asali ne daga wurin ajiyar dabbobi na Hluhluwe, KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name=raper>{{cite book |last=Raper |first=P. E. |title=Hluhluwe (N 2831/2832) |url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt |work=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |access-date=28 October 2013}}</ref> Yana tashi a gundumar Nongoma kuma yana ratsa arewa maso gabas ta hanyar Hlabisa da kuma [[Hluhluwe Dam|madatsar ruwa ta Hluhluwe]], inda bayan haka ya haɗu da [[Nyalazi River|Kogin Nyalazi]] don ya zama [[St Lucia River|Kogin St Lucia]] a Tafkin [[Saint Lucia|St Lucia]].<ref name=raper>{{cite book |last=Raper |first=P. E. |title=Hluhluwe (N 2831/2832) |url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt |work=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |access-date=28 October 2013}}</ref> Sunansa ya samo asali ne daga kogin Hluhluwe mai rarrafe, wanda aka sani da ''umHluhluwe'' a [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]], wanda ke faruwa a gefen kogin. <ref name="raper" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 8bqzrdieikeb1pzyli1eu55k2sl0xmo 843313 843312 2026-05-30T10:47:03Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843313 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Hluhluwe''' ya samo asali ne daga wurin ajiyar dabbobi na Hluhluwe, KwaZulu-Natal, [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name=raper>{{cite book |last=Raper |first=P. E. |title=Hluhluwe (N 2831/2832) |url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt |work=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |access-date=28 October 2013}}</ref> Yana tashi a gundumar Nongoma kuma yana ratsa arewa maso gabas ta hanyar Hlabisa da kuma [[Hluhluwe Dam|madatsar ruwa ta Hluhluwe]], inda bayan haka ya haɗu da [[Nyalazi River|Kogin Nyalazi]] don ya zama [[St Lucia River|Kogin St Lucia]] a Tafkin [[Saint Lucia|St Lucia]].<ref name=raper>{{cite book |last=Raper |first=P. E. |title=Hluhluwe (N 2831/2832) |url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt |work=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |access-date=28 October 2013}}</ref> Sunansa ya samo asali ne daga kogin Hluhluwe mai rarrafe, wanda aka sani da ''umHluhluwe'' a [[Harshen Zulu|Zulu]], wanda ke faruwa a gefen kogin. <ref name="raper" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} avre2e0yy947tkcqpmrcjptgk65zfms 0 153423 843309 2026-05-30T10:42:27Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Maurice Wiles | birth_name = Maurice Frank Wiles | birth_date = {{birth date|1923|10|17}} | birth_place = London, Ingila | death_date = {{death date and age|2005|6|3|1923|10|17}} | death_place = Oxford, Ingila | nationality = Baturen Ingila | occupation = Farfesa, malamin addinin Anglican, marubuci | known_for = Nazarin tauhidi (Theology), tarihin koyarwar Kiristanci da binciken ''doctrinal criticism'' | employer = University of Oxford | title = Regius... 843309 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Maurice Wiles | birth_name = Maurice Frank Wiles | birth_date = {{birth date|1923|10|17}} | birth_place = London, Ingila | death_date = {{death date and age|2005|6|3|1923|10|17}} | death_place = Oxford, Ingila | nationality = Baturen Ingila | occupation = Farfesa, malamin addinin Anglican, marubuci | known_for = Nazarin tauhidi (Theology), tarihin koyarwar Kiristanci da binciken ''doctrinal criticism'' | employer = University of Oxford | title = Regius Professor of Divinity }} '''Maurice Frank Wiles''' (17 Oktoba 1923 – 3 Yuni 2005) fitaccen malamin tauhidi ne na Cocin Anglican kuma farfesa a Ingila. Ya yi suna a duniya saboda bincikensa kan tarihin koyarwar Kiristanci, ilimin tauhidi da kuma ƙoƙarinsa na haɗa imani da tunanin zamani. Ya kasance '''Regius Professor of Divinity''' a Jami'ar Oxford daga shekarar 1970 zuwa 1991, ɗaya daga cikin manyan muƙaman ilimi a fannin tauhidi a Birtaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jun/10/guardianobituaries.obituaries |title=The Rev Maurice Wiles |website=The Guardian |date=2005-06-10 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Maurice Wiles a birnin London na ƙasar Ingila a ranar 17 Oktoba 1923. Ya yi karatu a Tonbridge School kafin ya samu gurbin karatu a Christ's College, Cambridge. Ya dakatar da karatunsa a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu inda ya yi aiki a cibiyar sirrin Bletchley Park wajen karya lambobin sirrin sojojin Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/publishing/memoirs/7/wiles-maurice-frank-1923-2005/ |title=Wiles, Maurice Frank, 1923–2005 |publisher=The British Academy |date=2017-01-31 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Bayan yaƙin ya koma Jami'ar Cambridge inda ya karanci Moral Sciences da Theology. Daga baya ya samu horo a Ridley Hall domin zama limamin Cocin Anglican.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/the-rev-professor-maurice-wiles-225332.html |title=The Rev Professor Maurice Wiles |website=The Independent |date=2005-06-11 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin addini da koyarwa == An naɗa Wiles a matsayin limami a Cocin Anglican a shekarar 1951. Ya fara aiki a matsayin mataimakin limami a St George's Church da ke Stockport kafin ya koma Ridley Hall a matsayin chaplain.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/the-rev-professor-maurice-wiles-225332.html |title=The Rev Professor Maurice Wiles |website=The Independent |date=2005-06-11 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Daga shekarar 1955 zuwa 1959 ya yi aiki a matsayin malamin Sabon Alkawari (New Testament Studies) a Jami'ar Ibadan da ke Najeriya. Wannan aiki ya sanya shi cikin malamai na farko da suka taimaka wajen bunƙasa ilimin tauhidi a Afirka ta Yamma.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jun/10/guardianobituaries.obituaries |title=The Rev Maurice Wiles |website=The Guardian |date=2005-06-10 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Bayan dawowarsa Ingila, ya zama Dean na Clare College a Cambridge sannan malami a fannin Early Christian Doctrine. A shekarar 1967 aka naɗa shi Farfesan Christian Doctrine a King's College London. Bayan shekaru uku ya zama Regius Professor of Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford, muƙamin da ya riƙe har zuwa ritayarsa a shekarar 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/the-rev-professor-maurice-wiles-225332.html |title=The Rev Professor Maurice Wiles |website=The Independent |date=2005-06-11 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Gudummawa ga ilimin tauhidi == Maurice Wiles ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu ra'ayin cewa koyarwar addini ya kamata ta dace da binciken kimiyya da fahimtar zamani. Ya yi suna wajen haɓaka abin da ya kira '''doctrinal criticism''', wato nazarin koyarwar Kiristanci ta hanyar amfani da bincike mai zurfi da tunani na ilimi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://academic.oup.com/british-academy-scholarship-online/book/13417/chapter/166881408 |title=Maurice Frank Wiles 1923–2005 |publisher=Oxford Academic |date=2008 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Ayyukansa sun mayar da hankali kan yadda koyarwar Kiristanci ta canza daga zamanin cocin farko zuwa yau. Ya yi imanin cewa wajibi ne a sake bayyana wasu koyarwar addini domin su dace da fahimtar mutane na zamani.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/the-rev-professor-maurice-wiles-225332.html |title=The Rev Professor Maurice Wiles |website=The Independent |date=2005-06-11 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Muhawara == Wiles ya shiga cikin muhawarar tauhidi da dama, musamman bayan fitowar littafin ''The Myth of God Incarnate'' a shekarar 1977 wanda ya ƙunshi rubuce-rubucen masana da suka yi nazari kan koyarwar cewa Yesu Allah ne cikin jiki. Duk da cewa shi ba editan littafin ba ne, gudummawar da ya bayar a ciki ta jawo muhawara a tsakanin malaman coci da masu bincike.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Myth_of_God_Incarnate |title=The Myth of God Incarnate |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Sai dai masu goyon bayansa sun bayyana cewa manufarsa ita ce bayyana imani ta hanyar da ta dace da ilimin zamani ba tare da watsi da asalin addini ba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jun/10/guardianobituaries.obituaries |title=The Rev Maurice Wiles |website=The Guardian |date=2005-06-10 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Littattafai == Daga cikin shahararrun littattafan da ya rubuta akwai: * ''The Christian Fathers'' (1966) * ''The Making of Christian Doctrine'' (1967) * ''The Remaking of Christian Doctrine'' (1974) * ''What Is Theology?'' (1976) * ''Faith and the Mystery of God'' (1982) * ''God's Action in the World'' (1986) * ''Christian Theology and Interreligious Dialogue'' (1992) * ''Reason to Believe'' (1999) * ''Scholarship and Faith'' (2003) <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jun/10/guardianobituaries.obituaries |title=The Rev Maurice Wiles |website=The Guardian |date=2005-06-10 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Girmamawa == A shekarar 1981 an zaɓe shi a matsayin Fellow of the British Academy saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga ilimi da bincike.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/the-rev-professor-maurice-wiles-225332.html |title=The Rev Professor Maurice Wiles |website=The Independent |date=2005-06-11 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Har ila yau ya jagoranci tarukan Oxford International Conference on Patristic Studies na tsawon shekaru masu yawa kuma ya kasance editan ''Journal of Theological Studies'' daga 1985 zuwa 1999.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://academic.oup.com/jts/article-abstract/56/2/337/1709347 |title=The Revd Professor Maurice F. Wiles |publisher=Oxford Academic |date=2005-10-01 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rasuwa == Maurice Wiles ya rasu a Oxford ranar 3 Yuni 2005 yana da shekaru 81. Masana tauhidi da jami'o'i da dama sun yaba da irin gudummawar da ya bayar wajen bunƙasa ilimin addini da ƙarfafa tattaunawa tsakanin imani da binciken ilimi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jun/10/guardianobituaries.obituaries |title=The Rev Maurice Wiles |website=The Guardian |date=2005-06-10 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1923 births]] [[Category:2005 deaths]] [[Category:English theologians]] [[Category:Anglican priests]] [[Category:University of Oxford academics]] [[Category:University of Ibadan academics]] [[Category:Fellows of the British Academy]] [[Category:People from London]] ```0 3xz50cn5b3ynbb01jhgna067b33ycrs 0 153424 843314 2026-05-30T10:47:41Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Mohammed Isa Kida | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1967|11|10}} | birth_place = Hawul, Jihar Borno, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin lissafin kuɗi, jami'i mai kula da harkokin jami'a | employer = Jami'ar Tarayya ta Lafia | known_for = Ilimin Accounting da shugabancin jami'a | office = Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a (Vice-Chancellor) na Jami'ar Tarayya ta Lafia | term_start = 11 Fabrairu 2026 | predecessor... 843314 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Mohammed Isa Kida | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1967|11|10}} | birth_place = Hawul, Jihar Borno, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin lissafin kuɗi, jami'i mai kula da harkokin jami'a | employer = Jami'ar Tarayya ta Lafia | known_for = Ilimin Accounting da shugabancin jami'a | office = Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a (Vice-Chancellor) na Jami'ar Tarayya ta Lafia | term_start = 11 Fabrairu 2026 | predecessor = Shehu Abdul Rahman }} '''Mohammed Isa Kida''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 Nuwamba 1967) farfesa ne ɗan Najeriya a fannin '''Accounting''' kuma masani a harkokin kuɗi, bincike da shugabancin jami'o'i. A shekarar 2025 an naɗa shi a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a (Vice-Chancellor) na Jami'ar Tarayya ta Lafia (Federal University of Lafia, FULafia), inda ya fara aiki a hukumance a ranar 11 Fabrairu 2026.<ref>{{Cite news |title=FULafia gets new Vice-Chancellor |url=https://dailypost.ng/2025/10/30/fulafia 4dt9ukv2tmbqxybo3nrjkhs6y38o1ae 843316 843314 2026-05-30T10:53:08Z Ummu Ilham 45024 843316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Mohammed Isa Kida | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1967|11|10}} | birth_place = Hawul, Jihar Borno, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin lissafin kuɗi, jami'i mai kula da harkokin jami'a | employer = Jami'ar Tarayya ta Lafia | known_for = Ilimin Accounting da shugabancin jami'a | office = Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a (Vice-Chancellor) na Jami'ar Tarayya ta Lafia | term_start = 11 Fabrairu 2026 | predecessor = Shehu Abdul Rahman }} '''Mohammed Isa Kida''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 Nuwamba 1967) farfesa ne ɗan Najeriya a fannin '''Accounting''' kuma masani a harkokin kuɗi, bincike da shugabancin jami'o'i. A shekarar 2025 an naɗa shi a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a (Vice-Chancellor) na Jami'ar Tarayya ta Lafia (Federal University of Lafia, FULafia), inda ya fara aiki a hukumance a ranar 11 Fabrairu 2026.<ref>{{Cite news |title=FULafia gets new Vice-Chancellor |url=https://dailypost.ng/2025/10/30/fulafia-gets-new-vice-chancellor/ |work=Daily Post Nigeria |date=30 Oktoba 2025 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Professor Mohammed Isa Kida Emerges as the New Vice-Chancellor of Federal University of Lafia |url=https://thenigeriaeducationnews.com/2025/10/31/professor-mohammed-isa-kida-emerges-as-the-new-vice-chancellor-of-federal-university-of-lafia/ |work=Nigeria Education News |date=31 Oktoba 2025 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Mohammed Isa Kida a yankin Hawul na Jihar Borno, Najeriya. Ya yi karatunsa na firamare a Bariki Primary School da ke Biu tsakanin shekarun 1975 zuwa 1981. Daga nan ya halarci Government Comprehensive Secondary School, Waka-Biu, inda ya kammala karatun sakandare a shekarar 1986.<ref>{{Cite news |title=A Eulogy To Professor Mohammed Isa Kida |url=https://nasarawaeye.com/2025/10/30/a-eulogy-to-professor-mohammed-isa-kida-the-visionary-scholar-torchbearer-of-acadamic-excellence/ |work=Nasarawa Eye |date=30 Oktoba 2025 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> Ya samu digirin farko na Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) a fannin Accounting daga Jami'ar Maiduguri a shekarar 1994. Daga baya ya samu digirin Master of Science (M.Sc.) a Accounting daga Jami'ar Legas a shekarar 1997. A shekarar 2008 ya kammala digirin digirgir (Ph.D.) a Accounting daga Jami'ar Maiduguri.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Professor Mohammed Isa Kida Emerges as the New Vice-Chancellor of Federal University of Lafia |url=https://thenigeriaeducationnews.com/2025/10/31/professor-mohammed-isa-kida-emerges-as-the-new-vice-chancellor-of-federal-university-of-lafia/ |work=Nigeria Education News |date=31 Oktoba 2025 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Kida ya yi aiki a jami'o'i daban-daban a Najeriya, inda ya koyar da darussa masu alaƙa da Accounting, Auditing da Public Finance. Daga cikin jami'o'in da ya yi aiki akwai: * Jami'ar Maiduguri * Yobe State University * Nasarawa State University, Keffi * Federal University Wukari * American University of Nigeria, Yola * Jami'ar Tarayya ta Lafia (FULafia) A FULafia ya rike mukamai daban-daban da suka haɗa da Shugaban Sashen Accounting, shugaban kwamitoci daban-daban, da kuma Dean na Faculty of Management Sciences kafin a naɗa shi Vice-Chancellor.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Prof. Mohammed Isa Kida Appointed as the New Vice-Chancellor of Federal University of Lafia |url=https://equitytv.ng/2025/10/30/prof-mohammed-isa-kida-appointed-as-the-new-vice-chancellor-of-federal-university-of-lafia/ |work=Equity TV 6zc2i7c1usju3ha2at0835gmbdzj8le 0 153425 843317 2026-05-30T10:56:58Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Mojeed Olaide Liasu | image = | birth_date = c. 1953 | death_date = 29 Nuwamba 2023 | birth_place = Ibadan, Jihar Oyo, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin ilimin tsirrai (Plant Physiology), mai gudanar da jami'a | known_for = Mukaddashin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar LAUTECH | employer = Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) }} '''Mojeed Olaide Liasu''' (kimanin 1953 – 29 Nuwamba 2023) fitaccen farfesan... 843317 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Mojeed Olaide Liasu | image = | birth_date = c. 1953 | death_date = 29 Nuwamba 2023 | birth_place = Ibadan, Jihar Oyo, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, masanin ilimin tsirrai (Plant Physiology), mai gudanar da jami'a | known_for = Mukaddashin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar LAUTECH | employer = Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) }} '''Mojeed Olaide Liasu''' (kimanin 1953 – 29 Nuwamba 2023) fitaccen farfesan Najeriya ne a fannin '''Plant Physiology''' (ilimin yadda tsirrai ke aiki) kuma tsohon Mukaddashin Shugaban Jami'ar '''Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH)''', Ogbomoso, Jihar Oyo. Ya yi fice wajen gudanar da harkokin ilimi da bincike a jami'ar, inda ya rike mukaman gudanarwa daban-daban kafin a naɗa shi a matsayin mukaddashin shugaban jami'ar a shekarar 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/lautech-gets-acting-vc/ |title=LAUTECH gets acting VC |work=The Nation |date=23 April 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.informationng.com/2021/04/breaking-lautech-gets-new-acting-vc.html |title=Breaking: LAUTECH Gets New Acting VC |work=Information Nigeria |date=22 April 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Mojeed Olaide Liasu a garin '''Ibadan''' na Jihar Oyo, Najeriya. Bayan kammala karatunsa na farko da na gaba da sakandare, ya shiga harkar ilimi inda ya kware a fannin ilimin tsirrai musamman bangaren Plant Physiology. Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan malaman jami'a a LAUTECH, inda ya yi shekaru da dama yana koyarwa da gudanar da bincike.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://pmparrotng.com/2023/11/29/ex-acting-vc-of-lautech-prof-mojeed-liasu-dies-at-70/ |title=Ex-Acting VC Of LAUTECH, Prof Mojeed Liasu Dies At 70 |work=PM Parrot |date=29 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Aikin ilimi == Liasu ya kasance Farfesa a Sashen '''Pure and Applied Biology''' na LAUTECH, inda ya ƙware a fannin Plant Physiology. A tsawon aikinsa ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen koyar da ɗalibai, gudanar da bincike da kuma kula da ayyukan ilimi a jami'ar.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/lautech-gets-acting-vc/ |title=LAUTECH gets acting VC |work=The Nation |date=23 April 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Kafin ya zama mukaddashin shugaban jami'a, ya rike mukamin '''Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a (Deputy Vice-Chancellor)'''. Hakan ya ba shi damar shiga cikin manyan ayyukan gudanarwa da tsara manufofin jami'ar.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.informationng.com/2021/04/breaking-lautech-gets-new-acting-vc.html |title=Breaking: LAUTECH Gets New Acting VC |work=Information Nigeria |date=22 April 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Mukaddashin Shugaban Jami'ar LAUTECH == A ranar 23 Afrilu 2021, Hukumar Gudanarwar LAUTECH ta naɗa Farfesa Mojeed Olaide Liasu a matsayin '''Mukaddashin Shugaban Jami'a (Acting Vice-Chancellor)''', bayan sauyin shugabanci da aka yi a jami'ar.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/lautech-gets-acting-vc/ |title=LAUTECH gets acting VC |work=The Nation |date=23 April 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A lokacin da yake jagorantar jami'ar, ya yi kokarin bunkasa harkokin ilimi da bincike tare da ƙarfafa zaman lafiyar makarantar. Ya yaba wa gwamnatin Jihar Oyo bisa tallafin da ta ba jami'ar, wanda ya taimaka wajen rage matsalolin kudi da kuma habaka shirye-shiryen ilimi.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/acting-vc-hails-makinde-for-lautechs-progress/ |title=Acting VC hails Makinde for LAUTECH's progress |work=The Nation |date=24 August 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2022, yayin bikin yaye dalibai na jami'ar, ya jaddada muhimmancin binciken kimiyya da fasahar nanotechnology wajen ci gaban Najeriya da Afirka baki daya.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://guardian.ng/news/lautech-recognises-contributions-of-nanotechnology-scholars-at-14th-combined-convocation/ |title=LAUTECH recognises contributions of nanotechnology scholars at 14th combined convocation |work=The Guardian (Nigeria) |date=8 May 2022 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Ritaya == Farfesa Liasu ya yi ritaya daga aikin gwamnati a ranar 12 Yuni 2023 bayan ya kai shekarun ritaya na ma'aikatan jami'a. Bayan ritayarsa ne aka maye gurbinsa da Farfesa Razaq Olatunde Rom Kalilu a matsayin mukaddashin shugaban jami'ar.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/ex-lautech-acting-vc-professor-liasu-dies-at-70/ |title=Ex-LAUTECH acting VC, Professor Liasu dies at 70 |work=Nigerian Tribune |date=30 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Rasuwa == Mojeed Olaide Liasu ya rasu a ranar 29 Nuwamba 2023 bayan gajeruwar rashin lafiya yana da shekaru 70 a duniya. Rasuwarsa ta jawo alhini a tsakanin al'ummar jami'a da masana ilimi a Najeriya. Hukumar gudanarwar LAUTECH ta bayyana rasuwarsa a matsayin babban rashi ga jami'ar da harkar ilimi baki ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/ex-lautech-acting-vc-professor-liasu-dies-at-70/ |title=Ex-LAUTECH acting VC, Professor Liasu dies at 70 |work=Nigerian Tribune |date=30 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://ogbomosoinsightonline.com.ng/2023/11/30/immediate-past-lautech-acting-vc-prof-liasu-dies-aged-70/ |title=Immediate past LAUTECH Acting VC, Prof Liasu, dies, aged 70 |work=Ogbomoso Insight |date=30 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Gudummawa == An san Farfesa Liasu da gudummawar da ya bayar wajen: * Bunkasa binciken kimiyya a LAUTECH. * Jagorantar jami'ar a lokacin sauyin gudanarwa. * Horar da ɗalibai da matasa masu bincike a fannin ilimin tsirrai. * Inganta martabar LAUTECH a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan jami'o'in fasaha a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://ind p9wv8pm3k7wy41i9q1nhyltvm0yx03a 0 153426 843319 2026-05-30T10:57:35Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355417539|Black Umfolozi River]]" 843319 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Black Umfolozi River''' yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan rafuka biyu da ke ratsa kogin Umfolozi a KwaZulu Natal, Afirka ta Kudu. Yana cikin Upper Umfolozi (Zulu: Enhla neMfolozi) - Lower Umfolozi shine yankin da ke ƙasa da haɗuwarsa da [[White Umfolozi River|White Umfolozi]]. Babban tushensa yana cikin yankin [[KwaMnyathi]] a Vryheid kuma yana ratsa yawancin yankuna a Zululand har sai da ya haɗu da [[White Umfolozi River|White Umfolozi]] kusa da Hlabisa. == Asalin Kalmar == [[Fayil:Black_Umfolozi_water.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Tattara ruwa daga yashi]] Ana kiran kogin da "baƙi" saboda duwatsu masu duhu (baƙi) da ake samu a gefen hanyarsa. Imfolozi yana nufin "zig-zag", wanda ke nuna tsarin da kogin ke bi a kan hanyarsa. == Hanya == Tana ratsawa ta cikin Swart-Mfolozi, Ceza, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-03-15 |title=Ceza Hospital |url=http://www.kznhealth.gov.za/cezahospital.htm |access-date=2017-05-01 |publisher=Kznhealth.gov.za}}</ref> Nongoma kuma daga ƙarshe tana da haɗin gwiwa da [[White Umfolozi River|White Umfolozi]] kusa da iyakar kudu maso gabashin Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Namun daji don samar da Kogin Umfolozi. Thangami Safari Spa kuma tana gefenta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-06-20 |title=History |url=http://thangami.co.za/history/ |access-date=2017-05-01 |publisher=Thangami}}</ref> Empangeni da Mtubatuba manyan yankuna biyu ne da suka shafi yankin Lower Umfolozi. == Tarihi == Zwide, sarkin ƙabilar Ndwandwe mai ƙarfi yana da ikon mallakarsa a arewa da gabas na Kogin Black Umfolozi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-06-20 |title=History |url=http://thangami.co.za/history/ |access-date=2017-05-01 |publisher=Thangami}}</ref> == Hotuna == <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" style="font-size:100%; line-height:130%"> Fayil:Umfolozi_river_with_a_dense_growth_of_Arundo_donax_on_the_banks,_AJTJ_DSCN0998.jpg|alt=Flowing, flanked by giant and common reed| Tana kwarara, tana kewaye da babban itace da kuma ciyawar da aka saba Fayil:Natal_province_-_descriptive_guide_and_official_hand-book_(1911)_(14574073508),_Umfolozi_River.jpg|alt=A map of the river and its tributaries (1911)| Taswirar kogin da magudanan ruwa (1911) </gallery> == Manazarta == Black Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi River 7n0kle52hse3taulbehrlipjpskeioc 843321 843319 2026-05-30T10:58:12Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 843321 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Black Umfolozi River''' yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan rafuka biyu da ke ratsa kogin Umfolozi a KwaZulu Natal, Afirka ta Kudu. Yana cikin Upper Umfolozi (Zulu: Enhla neMfolozi) - Lower Umfolozi shine yankin da ke ƙasa da haɗuwarsa da [[White Umfolozi River|White Umfolozi]]. Babban tushensa yana cikin yankin [[KwaMnyathi]] a Vryheid kuma yana ratsa yawancin yankuna a Zululand har sai da ya haɗu da [[White Umfolozi River|White Umfolozi]] kusa da Hlabisa. == Asalin Kalmar == [[Fayil:Black_Umfolozi_water.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Tattara ruwa daga yashi]] Ana kiran kogin da "baƙi" saboda duwatsu masu duhu (baƙi) da ake samu a gefen hanyarsa. Imfolozi yana nufin "zig-zag", wanda ke nuna tsarin da kogin ke bi a kan hanyarsa. == Hanya == Tana ratsawa ta cikin Swart-Mfolozi, Ceza, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-03-15 |title=Ceza Hospital |url=http://www.kznhealth.gov.za/cezahospital.htm |access-date=2017-05-01 |publisher=Kznhealth.gov.za}}</ref> Nongoma kuma daga ƙarshe tana da haɗin gwiwa da [[White Umfolozi River|White Umfolozi]] kusa da iyakar kudu maso gabashin Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Namun daji don samar da Kogin Umfolozi. Thangami Safari Spa kuma tana gefenta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-06-20 |title=History |url=http://thangami.co.za/history/ |access-date=2017-05-01 |publisher=Thangami}}</ref> Empangeni da Mtubatuba manyan yankuna biyu ne da suka shafi yankin Lower Umfolozi. == Tarihi == Zwide, sarkin ƙabilar Ndwandwe mai ƙarfi yana da ikon mallakarsa a arewa da gabas na Kogin Black Umfolozi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-06-20 |title=History |url=http://thangami.co.za/history/ |access-date=2017-05-01 |publisher=Thangami}}</ref> == Hotuna == <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" style="font-size:100%; line-height:130%"> Fayil:Umfolozi_river_with_a_dense_growth_of_Arundo_donax_on_the_banks,_AJTJ_DSCN0998.jpg|alt=Flowing, flanked by giant and common reed| Tana kwarara, tana kewaye da babban itace da kuma ciyawar da aka saba Fayil:Natal_province_-_descriptive_guide_and_official_hand-book_(1911)_(14574073508),_Umfolozi_River.jpg|alt=A map of the river and its tributaries (1911)| Taswirar kogin da magudanan ruwa (1911) </gallery> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 6vrv1q6w57fo964p10bfs57hes0fhqg 843323 843321 2026-05-30T11:00:19Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Black Umfolozi River''' yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan rafuka biyu da ke ratsa kogin Umfolozi a KwaZulu Natal, Afirka ta Kudu. Yana cikin Upper Umfolozi (Zulu: Enhla neMfolozi) - Lower Umfolozi shine yankin da ke ƙasa da haɗuwarsa da [[White Umfolozi River|White Umfolozi]]. Babban tushensa yana cikin yankin [[KwaMnyathi]] a Vryheid kuma yana ratsa yawancin yankuna a Zululand har sai da ya haɗu da [[White Umfolozi River|White Umfolozi]] kusa da Hlabisa. == Asalin Kalmar == [[Fayil:Black_Umfolozi_water.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Tattara ruwa daga yashi]] Ana kiran kogin da "baƙi" saboda duwatsu masu duhu (baƙi) da ake samu a gefen hanyarsa. Imfolozi yana nufin "zig-zag", wanda ke nuna tsarin da kogin ke bi a kan hanyarsa. == Hanya == Tana ratsawa ta cikin Swart-Mfolozi, Ceza, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-03-15 |title=Ceza Hospital |url=http://www.kznhealth.gov.za/cezahospital.htm |access-date=2017-05-01 |publisher=Kznhealth.gov.za}}</ref> Nongoma kuma daga ƙarshe tana da haɗin gwiwa da [[White Umfolozi River|White Umfolozi]] kusa da iyakar kudu maso gabashin Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Namun daji don samar da Kogin Umfolozi. Thangami Safari Spa kuma tana gefenta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-06-20 |title=History |url=http://thangami.co.za/history/ |access-date=2017-05-01 |publisher=Thangami}}</ref> Empangeni da Mtubatuba manyan yankuna biyu ne da suka shafi yankin Lower Umfolozi. == Tarihi == Zwide, sarkin ƙabilar Ndwandwe mai ƙarfi yana da ikon mallakarsa a arewa da gabas na Kogin Black Umfolozi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-06-20 |title=History |url=http://thangami.co.za/history/ |access-date=2017-05-01 |publisher=Thangami}}</ref> == Hotuna == <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" style="font-size:100%; line-height:130%"> Fayil:Umfolozi_river_with_a_dense_growth_of_Arundo_donax_on_the_banks,_AJTJ_DSCN0998.jpg|alt=Flowing, flanked by giant and common reed| Tana kwarara, tana kewaye da babban itace da kuma ciyawar da aka saba Fayil:Natal_province_-_descriptive_guide_and_official_hand-book_(1911)_(14574073508),_Umfolozi_River.jpg|alt=A map of the river and its tributaries (1911)| Taswirar kogin da magudanan ruwa (1911) </gallery> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 0faw6hwdd8nyq2z5rey3x0cf3wjdsi5 0 153427 843325 2026-05-30T11:01:47Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Mojeed Olayide Abass | honorific_suffix = OON, FAS, FBCS | birth_date = 1943 | birth_place = Ede, Osun State, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | fields = Kimiyyar Kwamfuta, Lissafi, Kididdiga | workplaces = Jami'ar Legas (University of Lagos) | alma_mater = Jami'ar Legas, Jami'ar Waterloo | known_for = Kimiyyar Kwamfuta, kwaikwayon tsarin kwamfuta (simulation), gudanarwar jami'a }} '''Mojeed Olayide Abass''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1943) far... 843325 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Mojeed Olayide Abass | honorific_suffix = OON, FAS, FBCS | birth_date = 1943 | birth_place = Ede, Osun State, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | fields = Kimiyyar Kwamfuta, Lissafi, Kididdiga | workplaces = Jami'ar Legas (University of Lagos) | alma_mater = Jami'ar Legas, Jami'ar Waterloo | known_for = Kimiyyar Kwamfuta, kwaikwayon tsarin kwamfuta (simulation), gudanarwar jami'a }} '''Mojeed Olayide Abass''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1943) farfesa ne ɗan Najeriya a fannin Kimiyyar Kwamfuta, masanin lissafi da kididdiga, kuma tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Legas (Deputy Vice-Chancellor). Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masana kimiyyar kwamfuta da suka taimaka wajen bunƙasa koyarwa da bincike a wannan fanni a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/celebrating-an-achiever/ |title=Celebrating an achiever |work=The Nation |date=3 Oktoba 2014 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Mojeed Olayide Abass a garin Ede da ke Jihar Osun, Najeriya. Ya yi karatun firamare a L.A. School Agbongbe da ke Ede sannan ya halarci Ondo Boys' High School tsakanin shekarun 1956 zuwa 1960. Daga baya ya yi karatun Higher School Certificate a Abeokuta Grammar School tsakanin 1962 da 1963.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://sahelstandard.com/news/01/gov-adeleke-felicitates-with-emeritus-professor-mojeed-olayide-akanbi-abass-on-80th-birthday/ |title=Gov. Adeleke Felicitates with Emeritus Professor Mojeed Olayide Akanbi Abass On 80th Birthday |work=Sahel Standard |date=26 Satumba 2025 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 1967 ya kammala digirin farko (B.Sc.) a fannin Lissafi daga Jami'ar Legas. Bayan haka ya samu gurbin karatun digiri na biyu a Aston University da ke Birmingham, Ingila inda ya sami digirin M.Sc. a shekarar 1969. Haka kuma ya samu wani digirin M.S. da digirin digirgir (PhD) daga Jami'ar Waterloo a Ontario, Kanada, a shekarun 1970 da 1973 bi da bi.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://sahelstandard.com/news/01/gov-adeleke-felicitates-with-emeritus-professor-mojeed-olayide-akanbi-abass-on-80th-birthday/ |title=Gov. Adeleke Felicitates with Emeritus Professor Mojeed Olayide Akanbi Abass On 80th Birthday |work=Sahel Standard |date=26 Satumba 2025 |access-date=30 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Abass ya fara aikinsa na ilimi a matsayin mataimakin malami (Graduate Assistant) a Jami'ar Waterloo a shekarar 1969. Bayan samun digirin digirgir, ya koma Najeriya inda ya shiga aikin koyarwa a Jami'ar Legas a shekarar 1973 a matsayin Lecturer II. Ya samu ci gaba a aikinsa zuwa: * Lecturer I (1975) * Senior Lecturer (1977) * Associate Professor (1979) * Full Professor (1983) * Distinguished Professor (2007) * Emeritus Professor (2016) Ya yi fice wajen koyarwa da gudanar da bincike a fannonin kimiyyar kwamfuta, kwaikwayon tsarin kwamfuta (simulation), inganta tsarin aiki (optimization) da kididdiga.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://sahelstandard.com/news/01/gov-adeleke-felicitates-with-emeritus-professor-mojeed-olayide-akanbi-abass-on-80th-birthday/ |title=Gov. Adeleke Felicitates with Emeritus Professor Mojeed Olayide Akanbi Abass On 80th Birthday |work=Sahel Standard |date=26 Satumba 2025 |access-date ndrn65q6k1zzh6j9rbw5us3kvceu2v7 0 153428 843329 2026-05-30T11:10:25Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Moyo Okediji | birth_name = Moyosore Okediji | birth_date = 1956 | birth_place = Lagos, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Masanin tarihin fasaha, marubuci, mai zane-zane, kurata | known_for = Nazarin fasahar Yarbawa, motsin Ona, tarihin fasahar Afirka | education = Jami'ar Ife, Jami'ar Benin, Jami'ar Wisconsin–Madison | employer = Jami'ar Texas a Austin }} '''Moyo Okediji''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1956) ɗan Najeriya ne, masa... 843329 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Moyo Okediji | birth_name = Moyosore Okediji | birth_date = 1956 | birth_place = Lagos, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Masanin tarihin fasaha, marubuci, mai zane-zane, kurata | known_for = Nazarin fasahar Yarbawa, motsin Ona, tarihin fasahar Afirka | education = Jami'ar Ife, Jami'ar Benin, Jami'ar Wisconsin–Madison | employer = Jami'ar Texas a Austin }} '''Moyo Okediji''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1956) ɗan Najeriya ne, masanin tarihin fasaha, marubuci, mai zane-zane da kuma kurata. Ya yi suna a duniya saboda bincikensa kan tarihin fasahar Yarbawa, al'adun Afirka da kuma dangantakar da ke tsakanin fasahar Afirka da al'ummomin Afirka da ke ƙasashen waje. Har ila yau, yana daga cikin fitattun mambobin ƙungiyar fasaha ta '''Ona Movement''' wadda ta yi ƙoƙarin haɗa al'adun Yarbawa da fasahar zamani.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://art.utexas.edu/people/moyosore-okediji |title=Dr. Moyosore Okediji |publisher=The University of Texas at Austin |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cas.osu.edu/news/artist-moyo-okediji-explores-%E2%80%9Csemioptics-yoruba-language%E2%80%9D-owomoyela-fund-lecture |title=Artist Moyo Okediji explores Semioptics of Yoruba Language |publisher=Ohio State University Center for African Studies |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Moyo Okediji a birnin Lagos a shekarar 1956, amma asalinsa daga garin Oyo ne a Jihar Oyo. Yana matashi iyayensa suka koma Ile-Ife, inda ya taso kuma ya sami kusanci da al'adun gargajiyar Yarbawa waɗanda daga baya suka zama ginshiƙin bincikensa da ayyukan fasaharsa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tealearn.org/_visual_art/artists_on_focus.php?id=23++&page=1+ |title=Dr Moyo Okediji |publisher=Technology Education Art (TEA) |access-date=2026-05- esl62dio6fd4fuqdhmy21joujqnlvmf 0 153429 843330 2026-05-30T11:14:33Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Murugesu Sivapalan | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1953|4|19}} | birth_place = Karaveddy, Sri Lanka | nationality = Sri Lankan, Australian, American | field = Injiniyan muhalli, ilimin ruwa (Hydrology) | workplaces = Jami'ar Illinois Urbana-Champaign | alma_mater = Jami'ar Ceylon, Asian Institute of Technology, Princeton University | known_for = Nazarin hydrology, Predictions in Ungauged Basins (PUB), Socio-hydrology | awards = Internati... 843330 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Murugesu Sivapalan | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1953|4|19}} | birth_place = Karaveddy, Sri Lanka | nationality = Sri Lankan, Australian, American | field = Injiniyan muhalli, ilimin ruwa (Hydrology) | workplaces = Jami'ar Illinois Urbana-Champaign | alma_mater = Jami'ar Ceylon, Asian Institute of Technology, Princeton University | known_for = Nazarin hydrology, Predictions in Ungauged Basins (PUB), Socio-hydrology | awards = International Hydrology Prize (2010), Robert E. Horton Medal (2011), Alfred Wegener Medal (2017), Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water (2018) }} '''Murugesu Sivapalan''' (an haife shi ranar 19 Afrilu 1953) fitaccen injiniya ne kuma masanin ilimin ruwa (hydrologist) ɗan asalin Sri Lanka wanda ya yi suna a duniya saboda bincikensa a fannin gudanar da albarkatun ruwa, nazarin koguna da rafuka, da kuma ci gaban sabon fannin kimiyya da ake kira ''Socio-hydrology''. Ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana hydrology na zamani saboda gudummawar da ya bayar wajen fahimtar yadda ruwa, muhalli da al'umma ke mu'amala da juna.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://grainger.illinois.edu/about/directory/faculty/sivapala |title=Murugesu Sivapalan |publisher=The Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://iahs.info/About-IAHS/Awards/International-Hydrology-Prize/International-Hydrology-Prize-Winners/MSivapalan/ |title=M. Sivapalan – International Hydrology Prize 2010 |publisher=International Association of Hydrological Sciences |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Sivapalan a garin Karaveddy da ke arewacin Sri Lanka a ranar 19 Afrilu 1953. Ya yi karatunsa na farko a Hartley College kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Ceylon (yanzu Jami'ar Peradeniya), inda ya samu digirin farko a Injiniyan Farar Hula (Civil Engineering) a shekarar 1975. Daga baya ya sami digirin M.Eng a Water Resources Engineering daga Asian Institute of Technology da ke Bangkok, Thailand a shekarar 1977. Bayan haka ya tafi Amurka inda ya sami digirin MA a 1983 da PhD a Injiniyan Farar Hula da Hydrology daga Princeton University a shekarar 1986.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://grainger.illinois.edu/about/directory/faculty/sivapala |title=Murugesu Sivapalan Biography |publisher=University of Illinois |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://uwaterloo.ca/water-institute/news/pioneering-socio-hydrologist-delivering-september-26 |title=Pioneering Socio-hydrologist Delivering September 26 WaterTalk |publisher=University of Waterloo |date=2019-09-17 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin sana'a == Bayan kammala karatunsa, Sivapalan ya yi aiki a matsayin injiniya mai ba da shawara a Najeriya tsakanin shekarun 1978 zuwa 1981. Daga baya ya koma Princeton University a matsayin mai bincike bayan digirin digirgir (Postdoctoral Research Associate).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://grainger.illinois.edu/about/directory/faculty/sivapala |title=Murugesu Sivapalan Biography |publisher=University of Illinois |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A shekarar 1988 ya koma Australia inda ya shiga University of Western Australia. A nan ne ya yi aiki na tsawon kusan shekaru 17, yana hawa matakai daga malami zuwa cikakken Farfesa. A shekarar 2005 ya shiga Jami'ar Illinois Urbana-Champaign ta Amurka inda ya zama Chester and Helen Siess Endowed Professor a fannin Civil and Environmental Engineering da Geography.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://grainger.illinois.edu/about/directory/faculty/sivapala |title=Murugesu Sivapalan |publisher=University of Illinois |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Gudummawa ga kimiyyar ruwa == Sivapalan ya yi fice wajen binciken matsalolin da suka shafi tsinkayar yadda ruwa ke gudana a yankuna daban-daban. Ya kasance daga cikin jagororin shirin duniya na ''Predictions in Ungauged Basins (PUB)'', wanda ya mayar da hankali kan hanyoyin hasashen yanayin ruwa a wuraren da babu cikakkun bayanan auna ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://iahs.info/About-IAHS/Awards/International-Hydrology-Prize/International-Hydrology-Prize-Winners/MSivapalan/ |title=M. Sivapalan – International Hydrology Prize 2010 |publisher=IAHS |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Har ila yau, ya taimaka wajen kafa sabon fannin bincike mai suna '''Socio-hydrology''', wanda ke nazarin hulɗar da ke tsakanin mutane da albarkatun ruwa. Wannan sabon fanni ya zama muhimmin bangare na binciken ruwa a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thewaternetwork.com/article-FfV/murugesu-sivapalan-recognized-for-establishing-a-new-scientific-field-socio-hydrology-5N43w9zLD_qoW_MqFYZ7mQ |title=Murugesu Sivapalan Recognized for Establishing a New Scientific Field – Socio-Hydrology |publisher=The Water Network |date=2018-08-10 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Bincikensa ya taimaka wajen fahimtar tasirin sauyin yanayi, canjin amfani da ƙasa, da ayyukan ɗan adam a kan albarkatun ruwa da tsarin muhalli.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cee.illinois.edu/news/sivapalan-wins-tau-beta-pi-daniel-c-drucker-eminent-faculty-award |title=Sivapalan wins Tau Beta Pi Daniel C. Drucker Eminent Faculty Award |publisher=University of Illinois |date=2022-03-03 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Lambobin yabo da girmamawa == A tsawon rayuwarsa ta ilimi, Sivapalan ya samu lambobin yabo masu yawa daga kungiyoyin kimiyya na duniya. Daga cikinsu akwai: * International Hydrology Prize (2010) * Hydrological Sciences Award na American Geophysical Union (2010) * Robert E. Horton Medal (2011) * Digirin girmamawa (Doctor Honoris Causa) daga Delft University of Technology (2012) * Alfred Wegener Medal na European Geosciences Union (2017) * Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water (2018) * Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2021) * Tau Beta Pi Daniel C. Drucker Eminent Faculty Award (2022)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cee.illinois.edu/news/sivapalan-student-honored-agu |title=Sivapalan, Student Honored by AGU |publisher=University of Illinois |date=2010-09-07 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ggis.illinois.edu/news/2016-12-06t162504/professor-sivapalan-receives-alfred-wegener-medal-european-geosciences-union |title=Professor Sivapalan Receives Alfred Wegener Medal |publisher=University of Illinois |date=2016-12-06 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cee.illinois.edu/news/sivapalan-wins-tau-beta-pi-daniel-c-drucker-eminent-faculty-award |title=Sivapalan wins Tau Beta Pi Daniel C. Drucker Eminent Faculty Award |publisher=University of Illinois |date=2022-03-03 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Tasiri == Masana hydrology da dama suna kallon Sivapalan a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da suka canja alkiblar binciken ruwa a ƙarni na 21. Ayyukansa sun taimaka wajen kafa sabbin ka'idoji da hanyoyin nazari waɗanda ake amfani da su a jami'o'i da cibiyoyin bincike a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://iahs.info/About-IAHS/Awards/International-Hydrology-Prize/International-Hydrology-Prize-Winners/MSivapalan/ |title=M. Sivapalan – International Hydrology Prize 2010 |publisher=IAHS |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://grainger.illinois.edu/news/stories/2010-07-22-sivapalan-receives-international-hydrology-prize |title=Sivapalan Receives International Hydrology Prize |publisher=The Grainger College of Engineering |date=2010-07-22 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1953 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Sri Lankan engineers]] [[Category:Hydrologists]] [[Category:University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign faculty]] [[Category:Princeton University alumni]] [[Category:Environmental engineers]] [[Category:Water scientists]] 6c9ues1w54t3bqrm8ajfmofz9nso2id 0 153430 843331 2026-05-30T11:15:23Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1310877622|Amanzimtoti River]]" 843331 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Amanzimtoti''', wanda kuma aka sani da '''Kogin Manzimtoti''' (wanda shine sunan hukuma), wani ƙaramin kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]], wanda ya samo asali daga arewa maso yammacin Adams Mission, kuma yana ratsa garin eManzimtoti, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu.]] N2 ta ratsa kogin kusa da bakinsa a [[Tekun Indiya]]. (yana daidaita bakin kogin duba [[Manzimtoti Lagoon]]). Kogin kuma yana ratsa ta cikin ruwan da ke cikin Adams Mission mai tsarki. == Asalin Kalmar == An ce sarkin Zulu [[Shaka zulu|Shaka]] ya sanya wa kogin suna bayan shan ruwan kuma ya yi ihu a cikin [[Harshen Zulu|harshen isiZulu]] "Kanti amanzi mtoti" ma'ana "Don haka, ruwan yana da daɗi". Masu jin Turanci sun san kogin da Amanzimtoti ("Ruwan Zaki"). Kalmar Zulu ta "mai daɗi" ita ce mnandi, amma mahaifiyar Shaka tana da suna Nandi, don haka ana cewa ya ƙirƙiro kalmar 'toti' don maye gurbin mnandi, don kada ya ɓata sunanta. Kwanan nan an gabatar da shawarar canza sunan zuwa '''aManzamtoti''' a hukumance don ya nuna yadda ake furtawa da kuma rubutun isiZulu daidai, kodayake yawancin mazauna Amanzimtoti har yanzu suna kiran kogin da Kogin Amanzimtoti, Kogin Manzimtoti ko kuma kawai Kogin Toti. Wani zaɓi na baya-bayan nan, kuma wanda ba a san shi ba, na asalin sunan kogin yana cikin kalmar isiZulu 'udoti' ma'ana ƙazanta, wanda ya fi dacewa da 'toti', kuma cewa sunan a zahiri yana nufin "Ruwa Mai Datti". == Tarihi == A da kogin yana kewaye da manyan wuraren dausayi da kuma wuraren da aka yi wa ciyawar ciyawa, amma an cika su don gina tsakiyar garin da kuma wurin zubar da shara. Daga baya an rufe wurin zubar da shara kuma aka mayar da shi filayen wasanni. A wani lokaci ana iya yin tafiya da jirgin ruwa daga tsakiyar gari zuwa Otal ɗin River Gardens, wanda ya kasance abin sha'awa a ranar Lahadi. Zafin ruwa ya sa hakan ba zai yiwu ba, har sai da aka haƙa kogin sau da yawa a shekarun 1990. Duk da haka, wasu masu kare muhalli sun ɗauki tsarin haƙa rami a matsayin abin ɓarna, wasu kuma suna ganin yana da tsada. Kogin ya sake yin zaftare sosai. Yanzu haka kogin yana kewaye da wani yanki na wani wurin adana namun daji mai suna Ilanda Wilds. Kogin da wurin adana namun daji suna gida ne ga nau'ikan halittu da ba a saba gani ba da ke fuskantar barazanar karewa, kuma akwai bambancin halittu masu yawa idan aka kwatanta da girman yankin. Kogin yana cikin ƙasar rake na Sawpits Area a Umbumbulu a arewa maso yammacin Adams Mission.<gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Amanzimtoti_Lagoon_2.JPG|alt=aManzimtoti Lagoon| Tafkin Manzimtoti Fayil:Amanzimtoti_River_Ilanda.JPG|alt=aManzimtoti River at Ilanda Wilds| Kogin Manzimtoti a Ilanda Wilds </gallery> == Duba kuma == * Jerin tafkuna na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == Black Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi River Black Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi River 0te231sbnylcupmep329fzykh23z5uk 843332 843331 2026-05-30T11:17:11Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Duba kuma */ 843332 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Amanzimtoti''', wanda kuma aka sani da '''Kogin Manzimtoti''' (wanda shine sunan hukuma), wani ƙaramin kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]], wanda ya samo asali daga arewa maso yammacin Adams Mission, kuma yana ratsa garin eManzimtoti, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu.]] N2 ta ratsa kogin kusa da bakinsa a [[Tekun Indiya]]. (yana daidaita bakin kogin duba [[Manzimtoti Lagoon]]). Kogin kuma yana ratsa ta cikin ruwan da ke cikin Adams Mission mai tsarki. == Asalin Kalmar == An ce sarkin Zulu [[Shaka zulu|Shaka]] ya sanya wa kogin suna bayan shan ruwan kuma ya yi ihu a cikin [[Harshen Zulu|harshen isiZulu]] "Kanti amanzi mtoti" ma'ana "Don haka, ruwan yana da daɗi". Masu jin Turanci sun san kogin da Amanzimtoti ("Ruwan Zaki"). Kalmar Zulu ta "mai daɗi" ita ce mnandi, amma mahaifiyar Shaka tana da suna Nandi, don haka ana cewa ya ƙirƙiro kalmar 'toti' don maye gurbin mnandi, don kada ya ɓata sunanta. Kwanan nan an gabatar da shawarar canza sunan zuwa '''aManzamtoti''' a hukumance don ya nuna yadda ake furtawa da kuma rubutun isiZulu daidai, kodayake yawancin mazauna Amanzimtoti har yanzu suna kiran kogin da Kogin Amanzimtoti, Kogin Manzimtoti ko kuma kawai Kogin Toti. Wani zaɓi na baya-bayan nan, kuma wanda ba a san shi ba, na asalin sunan kogin yana cikin kalmar isiZulu 'udoti' ma'ana ƙazanta, wanda ya fi dacewa da 'toti', kuma cewa sunan a zahiri yana nufin "Ruwa Mai Datti". == Tarihi == A da kogin yana kewaye da manyan wuraren dausayi da kuma wuraren da aka yi wa ciyawar ciyawa, amma an cika su don gina tsakiyar garin da kuma wurin zubar da shara. Daga baya an rufe wurin zubar da shara kuma aka mayar da shi filayen wasanni. A wani lokaci ana iya yin tafiya da jirgin ruwa daga tsakiyar gari zuwa Otal ɗin River Gardens, wanda ya kasance abin sha'awa a ranar Lahadi. Zafin ruwa ya sa hakan ba zai yiwu ba, har sai da aka haƙa kogin sau da yawa a shekarun 1990. Duk da haka, wasu masu kare muhalli sun ɗauki tsarin haƙa rami a matsayin abin ɓarna, wasu kuma suna ganin yana da tsada. Kogin ya sake yin zaftare sosai. Yanzu haka kogin yana kewaye da wani yanki na wani wurin adana namun daji mai suna Ilanda Wilds. Kogin da wurin adana namun daji suna gida ne ga nau'ikan halittu da ba a saba gani ba da ke fuskantar barazanar karewa, kuma akwai bambancin halittu masu yawa idan aka kwatanta da girman yankin. Kogin yana cikin ƙasar rake na Sawpits Area a Umbumbulu a arewa maso yammacin Adams Mission.<gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Amanzimtoti_Lagoon_2.JPG|alt=aManzimtoti Lagoon| Tafkin Manzimtoti Fayil:Amanzimtoti_River_Ilanda.JPG|alt=aManzimtoti River at Ilanda Wilds| Kogin Manzimtoti a Ilanda Wilds </gallery> == Duba kuma == * Jerin tafkuna na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == Black Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi River Black Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi RiverBlack Umfolozi River 6oxt9vm03m04udcecz3wa0qkfq51c7c 843333 843332 2026-05-30T11:17:31Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 843333 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Amanzimtoti''', wanda kuma aka sani da '''Kogin Manzimtoti''' (wanda shine sunan hukuma), wani ƙaramin kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]], wanda ya samo asali daga arewa maso yammacin Adams Mission, kuma yana ratsa garin eManzimtoti, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu.]] N2 ta ratsa kogin kusa da bakinsa a [[Tekun Indiya]]. (yana daidaita bakin kogin duba [[Manzimtoti Lagoon]]). Kogin kuma yana ratsa ta cikin ruwan da ke cikin Adams Mission mai tsarki. == Asalin Kalmar == An ce sarkin Zulu [[Shaka zulu|Shaka]] ya sanya wa kogin suna bayan shan ruwan kuma ya yi ihu a cikin [[Harshen Zulu|harshen isiZulu]] "Kanti amanzi mtoti" ma'ana "Don haka, ruwan yana da daɗi". Masu jin Turanci sun san kogin da Amanzimtoti ("Ruwan Zaki"). Kalmar Zulu ta "mai daɗi" ita ce mnandi, amma mahaifiyar Shaka tana da suna Nandi, don haka ana cewa ya ƙirƙiro kalmar 'toti' don maye gurbin mnandi, don kada ya ɓata sunanta. Kwanan nan an gabatar da shawarar canza sunan zuwa '''aManzamtoti''' a hukumance don ya nuna yadda ake furtawa da kuma rubutun isiZulu daidai, kodayake yawancin mazauna Amanzimtoti har yanzu suna kiran kogin da Kogin Amanzimtoti, Kogin Manzimtoti ko kuma kawai Kogin Toti. Wani zaɓi na baya-bayan nan, kuma wanda ba a san shi ba, na asalin sunan kogin yana cikin kalmar isiZulu 'udoti' ma'ana ƙazanta, wanda ya fi dacewa da 'toti', kuma cewa sunan a zahiri yana nufin "Ruwa Mai Datti". == Tarihi == A da kogin yana kewaye da manyan wuraren dausayi da kuma wuraren da aka yi wa ciyawar ciyawa, amma an cika su don gina tsakiyar garin da kuma wurin zubar da shara. Daga baya an rufe wurin zubar da shara kuma aka mayar da shi filayen wasanni. A wani lokaci ana iya yin tafiya da jirgin ruwa daga tsakiyar gari zuwa Otal ɗin River Gardens, wanda ya kasance abin sha'awa a ranar Lahadi. Zafin ruwa ya sa hakan ba zai yiwu ba, har sai da aka haƙa kogin sau da yawa a shekarun 1990. Duk da haka, wasu masu kare muhalli sun ɗauki tsarin haƙa rami a matsayin abin ɓarna, wasu kuma suna ganin yana da tsada. Kogin ya sake yin zaftare sosai. Yanzu haka kogin yana kewaye da wani yanki na wani wurin adana namun daji mai suna Ilanda Wilds. Kogin da wurin adana namun daji suna gida ne ga nau'ikan halittu da ba a saba gani ba da ke fuskantar barazanar karewa, kuma akwai bambancin halittu masu yawa idan aka kwatanta da girman yankin. Kogin yana cikin ƙasar rake na Sawpits Area a Umbumbulu a arewa maso yammacin Adams Mission.<gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Amanzimtoti_Lagoon_2.JPG|alt=aManzimtoti Lagoon| Tafkin Manzimtoti Fayil:Amanzimtoti_River_Ilanda.JPG|alt=aManzimtoti River at Ilanda Wilds| Kogin Manzimtoti a Ilanda Wilds </gallery> == Duba kuma == * Jerin tafkuna na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == dliqzrltc0zrvgv1nr49iv9fyl03bfi 843335 843333 2026-05-30T11:18:34Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Asalin Kalmar */ 843335 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Amanzimtoti''', wanda kuma aka sani da '''Kogin Manzimtoti''' (wanda shine sunan hukuma), wani ƙaramin kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]], wanda ya samo asali daga arewa maso yammacin Adams Mission, kuma yana ratsa garin eManzimtoti, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu.]] N2 ta ratsa kogin kusa da bakinsa a [[Tekun Indiya]]. (yana daidaita bakin kogin duba [[Manzimtoti Lagoon]]). Kogin kuma yana ratsa ta cikin ruwan da ke cikin Adams Mission mai tsarki. == Asalin Kalmar == An ce sarkin Zulu [[Shaka zulu|Shaka]] ya sanya wa kogin suna bayan shan ruwan kuma ya yi ihu a cikin [[Harshen Zulu|harshen isiZulu]] "Kanti amanzi mtoti" ma'ana "Don haka, ruwan yana da daɗi". Masu jin Turanci sun san kogin da Amanzimtoti ("Ruwan Zaki"). Kalmar Zulu ta "mai daɗi" ita ce mnandi, amma mahaifiyar Shaka tana da suna Nandi, don haka ana cewa ya ƙirƙiro kalmar 'toti' don maye gurbin mnandi, don kada ya ɓata sunanta. Kwanan nan an gabatar da shawarar canza sunan zuwa '''aManzamtoti''' a hukumance don ya nuna yadda ake furtawa da kuma rubutun isiZulu daidai, kodayake yawancin mazauna Amanzimtoti har yanzu suna kiran kogin da Kogin Amanzimtoti, Kogin Manzimtoti ko kuma kawai Kogin Toti. Wani zaɓi na baya-bayan nan, kuma wanda ba a san shi ba, na asalin sunan kogin yana cikin kalmar isiZulu 'udoti' ma'ana ƙazanta, wanda ya fi dacewa da 'toti', kuma cewa sunan a zahiri yana nufin "Ruwa Mai Datti".<ref>M.Purves, 2010</ref> == Tarihi == A da kogin yana kewaye da manyan wuraren dausayi da kuma wuraren da aka yi wa ciyawar ciyawa, amma an cika su don gina tsakiyar garin da kuma wurin zubar da shara. Daga baya an rufe wurin zubar da shara kuma aka mayar da shi filayen wasanni. A wani lokaci ana iya yin tafiya da jirgin ruwa daga tsakiyar gari zuwa Otal ɗin River Gardens, wanda ya kasance abin sha'awa a ranar Lahadi. Zafin ruwa ya sa hakan ba zai yiwu ba, har sai da aka haƙa kogin sau da yawa a shekarun 1990. Duk da haka, wasu masu kare muhalli sun ɗauki tsarin haƙa rami a matsayin abin ɓarna, wasu kuma suna ganin yana da tsada. Kogin ya sake yin zaftare sosai. Yanzu haka kogin yana kewaye da wani yanki na wani wurin adana namun daji mai suna Ilanda Wilds. Kogin da wurin adana namun daji suna gida ne ga nau'ikan halittu da ba a saba gani ba da ke fuskantar barazanar karewa, kuma akwai bambancin halittu masu yawa idan aka kwatanta da girman yankin. Kogin yana cikin ƙasar rake na Sawpits Area a Umbumbulu a arewa maso yammacin Adams Mission.<gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Amanzimtoti_Lagoon_2.JPG|alt=aManzimtoti Lagoon| Tafkin Manzimtoti Fayil:Amanzimtoti_River_Ilanda.JPG|alt=aManzimtoti River at Ilanda Wilds| Kogin Manzimtoti a Ilanda Wilds </gallery> == Duba kuma == * Jerin tafkuna na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == f3v7qoci8unl23a73y7wadswe4jvfa3 843337 843335 2026-05-30T11:25:16Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843337 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Amanzimtoti''', wanda kuma aka sani da '''Kogin Manzimtoti''' (wanda shine sunan hukuma), wani ƙaramin kogi ne a lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]], wanda ya samo asali daga arewa maso yammacin Adams Mission, kuma yana ratsa garin eManzimtoti, [[Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu.]] N2 ta ratsa kogin kusa da bakinsa a [[Tekun Indiya]]. (yana daidaita bakin kogin duba [[Manzimtoti Lagoon]]). Kogin kuma yana ratsa ta cikin ruwan da ke cikin Adams Mission mai tsarki. == Asalin Kalmar == An ce sarkin Zulu [[Shaka zulu|Shaka]] ya sanya wa kogin suna bayan shan ruwan kuma ya yi ihu a cikin [[Harshen Zulu|harshen isiZulu]] "Kanti amanzi mtoti" ma'ana "Don haka, ruwan yana da daɗi". Masu jin Turanci sun san kogin da Amanzimtoti ("Ruwan Zaki"). Kalmar Zulu ta "mai daɗi" ita ce mnandi, amma mahaifiyar Shaka tana da suna Nandi, don haka ana cewa ya ƙirƙiro kalmar 'toti' don maye gurbin mnandi, don kada ya ɓata sunanta. Kwanan nan an gabatar da shawarar canza sunan zuwa '''aManzamtoti''' a hukumance don ya nuna yadda ake furtawa da kuma rubutun isiZulu daidai, kodayake yawancin mazauna Amanzimtoti har yanzu suna kiran kogin da Kogin Amanzimtoti, Kogin Manzimtoti ko kuma kawai Kogin Toti. Wani zaɓi na baya-bayan nan, kuma wanda ba a san shi ba, na asalin sunan kogin yana cikin kalmar isiZulu 'udoti' ma'ana ƙazanta, wanda ya fi dacewa da 'toti', kuma cewa sunan a zahiri yana nufin "Ruwa Mai Datti".<ref>M.Purves, 2010</ref> == Tarihi == A da kogin yana kewaye da manyan wuraren dausayi da kuma wuraren da aka yi wa ciyawar ciyawa, amma an cika su don gina tsakiyar garin da kuma wurin zubar da shara. Daga baya an rufe wurin zubar da shara kuma aka mayar da shi filayen wasanni. A wani lokaci ana iya yin tafiya da jirgin ruwa daga tsakiyar gari zuwa Otal ɗin River Gardens, wanda ya kasance abin sha'awa a ranar Lahadi. Zafin ruwa ya sa hakan ba zai yiwu ba, har sai da aka haƙa kogin sau da yawa a shekarun 1990. Duk da haka, wasu masu kare muhalli sun ɗauki tsarin haƙa rami a matsayin abin ɓarna, wasu kuma suna ganin yana da tsada. Kogin ya sake yin zaftare sosai. Yanzu haka kogin yana kewaye da wani yanki na wani wurin adana namun daji mai suna Ilanda Wilds. Kogin da wurin adana namun daji suna gida ne ga nau'ikan halittu da ba a saba gani ba da ke fuskantar barazanar karewa, kuma akwai bambancin halittu masu yawa idan aka kwatanta da girman yankin. Kogin yana cikin ƙasar rake na Sawpits Area a Umbumbulu a arewa maso yammacin Adams Mission.<gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Amanzimtoti_Lagoon_2.JPG|alt=aManzimtoti Lagoon| Tafkin Manzimtoti Fayil:Amanzimtoti_River_Ilanda.JPG|alt=aManzimtoti River at Ilanda Wilds| Kogin Manzimtoti a Ilanda Wilds </gallery> == Duba kuma == * Jerin tafkuna na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == 4rdl60azc0t60eglk4nq24f34mcynqg 0 153431 843334 2026-05-30T11:18:12Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Muiz Adeyemi Banire | honorific_suffix = SAN | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1966|10|6}} | birth_place = Olowogbowo, Lagos Island, Jihar Legas, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Lauya, Farfesa, ɗan siyasa | alma_mater = Jami'ar Lagos | known_for = Dokar ƙasa, siyasa, da shugabancin AMCON }} '''Muiz Adeyemi Banire''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 Oktoba 1966) fitaccen lauya ne ɗan Najeriya, malamin jami'a, kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya... 843334 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Muiz Adeyemi Banire | honorific_suffix = SAN | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1966|10|6}} | birth_place = Olowogbowo, Lagos Island, Jihar Legas, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Lauya, Farfesa, ɗan siyasa | alma_mater = Jami'ar Lagos | known_for = Dokar ƙasa, siyasa, da shugabancin AMCON }} '''Muiz Adeyemi Banire''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 Oktoba 1966) fitaccen lauya ne ɗan Najeriya, malamin jami'a, kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya yi suna a fannin doka da harkokin gwamnati. Ya samu matsayin '''Senior Advocate of Nigeria (SAN)''' a shekarar 2015, kuma ya taba zama shugaban hukumar '''Asset Management Corporation of Nigeria (AMCON)'''. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishina a ma'aikatun gwamnatin Jihar Legas daban-daban tsakanin shekarar 1999 da 2011.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://nairametrics.com/2018/07/17/buhari-appoints-muiz-banire-as-amcon-chairman/ |title=President Buhari appoints Muiz Banire as AMCON Chairman |work=Nairametrics |date=17 July 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thecable.ng/senate-confirms-banire-as-amcon-chairman/ |title=Senate confirms Banire as AMCON chairman |work=TheCable |date=10 October 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Muiz Adeyemi Banire a unguwar Olowogbowo da ke Lagos Island, Jihar Legas. Ya yi karatun firamare da sakandare a Mushin, Legas kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Lagos inda ya samu digirin farko na LLB. Daga baya ya samu digirin Masters (LL.M) da kuma digirin digirgir (PhD) a fannin shari'a daga wannan jami'a. Bincikensa na digirgir ya mayar da hankali ne kan tsarin kula da filaye da dokokin ƙasa a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://nairametrics.com/2018/07/17/buhari-appoints-muiz-banire-as-amcon-chairman/ |title=President Buhari appoints Muiz Banire as AMCON Chairman |work=Nairametrics |date=17 July 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Aikin ilimi == Bayan kammala karatunsa, Banire ya shiga aikin koyarwa a Sashen Dokokin Kadarori da Dokokin Masu Zaman Kansu na Jami'ar Lagos. Ya yi aiki a matsayin babban malami daga shekarar 1991 zuwa 2010, inda ya koyar da darussa kamar Dokar Filaye, Equity and Trusts, da sauran fannoni masu alaƙa da dokokin kadarori.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://guardian.ng/features/banire-musings-of-politico-scholarship/ |title=Banire: Musings of politico-scholarship |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Aikin lauya == Banire ya yi aikin bautar ƙasa (NYSC) a Legal Aid Council of Nigeria sannan ya yi aiki a ofishin fitaccen lauya marigayi Gani Fawehinmi kafin a kira shi zuwa mashayar lauyoyi ta Najeriya a shekarar 1989. A shekarar 1995 ya kafa kamfanin lauyoyinsa mai suna ''M.A. Banire & Associates''.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://nairametrics.com/2018/07/17/buhari-appoints-muiz-banire-as-amcon-chairman/ |title=President Buhari appoints Muiz Banire as AMCON Chairman |work=Nairametrics |date=17 July 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2015 an ba shi lambar girma ta '''Senior Advocate of Nigeria (SAN)''', wadda ita ce mafi girman karramawa da ake bai wa lauyoyi a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/09/anti-corruption-war-the-legal-framework-nigeria-needs-from-sagay-muiz-banire-san/ |title=Anti-Corruption War: The legal framework Nigeria needs from Sagay — Muiz Banire, SAN |work=Vanguard |date=27 September 2015 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Ayyukan gwamnati == Banire ya shiga gwamnatin Jihar Legas a shekarar 1999 lokacin mulkin Bola Ahmed Tinubu. Ya fara aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Musamman (Commissioner for Special Duties). Daga baya aka mayar da shi Kwamishinan Sufuri inda ya yi aiki har zuwa shekarar 2007. Bayan haka ya zama Kwamishinan Muhalli a gwamnatin Babatunde Fashola daga 2007 zuwa 2011.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://encomium.ng/muiz-banire-elected-apc-legal-adviser/ |title=Muiz Banire elected APC legal adviser |work=Encomium Magazine |date=19 June 2014 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2018, Shugaban Najeriya Muhammadu Buhari ya naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa na '''Asset Management Corporation of Nigeria (AMCON)'''. Daga bisani Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da naɗin nasa.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://nairametrics.com/2018/07/17/buhari-appoints-muiz-banire-as-amcon-chairman/ |title=President Buhari appoints Muiz Banire as AMCON Chairman |work=Nairametrics |date=17 July 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thecable.ng/senate-confirms-banire-as-amcon-chairman/ |title=Senate confirms Banire as AMCON chairman |work=TheCable |date=10 October 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == Banire ya kasance cikin jagororin jam'iyyar '''All Progressives Congress (APC)'''. Ya riƙe mukamin Mashawarcin Shari'a na Ƙasa (National Legal Adviser) na jam'iyyar APC bayan kafuwarta a shekarar 2013 kuma aka zaɓe shi a hukumance a babban taron jam'iyyar na shekarar 2014.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://encomium.ng/muiz-banire-elected-apc-legal-adviser/ |title=Muiz Banire elected APC legal adviser |work=Encomium Magazine |date=19 June 2014 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A tsawon rayuwarsa ta siyasa ya yi fice wajen kare bin doka da oda, dimokuraɗiyya, da gyaran tsarin mulki a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://guardian.ng/features/banire-musings-of-politico-scholarship/ |title=Banire: Musings of politico-scholarship |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Littattafai == Banire ya wallafa littattafai da dama a fannin shari'a, ciki har da: * ''Land Management in Nigeria: Towards a New Legal Framework'' * ''The Nigerian Law of Trusts'' * ''The Blue Book: Practical Approach to the High Court of Lagos State (Civil Procedure) Rules'' <ref>{{Cite news |url=https://encyclopedia.litcaf.com/government/law-general/muiz-banire/ |title=Muiz Banire |work=LitCaf Encyclopedia |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar iyali == Muiz Banire ya auri Olufunmilayo Banire, kuma suna da 'ya'ya hudu.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://nairametrics.com/2018/07/17/buhari-appoints-muiz-banire-as-amcon-chairman/ |title=President Buhari appoints Muiz Banire as AMCON Chairman |work=Nairametrics |date=17 July 2018 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1966 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian lawyers]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] [[Category:Senior Advocates of Nigeria]] [[Category:University of Lagos alumni]] [[Category:Academic staff of the University of Lagos]] [[Category:People from Lagos State]] [[Category:All Progressives Congress politicians]] [[Category:Nigerian politicians]] 0vlm2g337ft6u4p2f9d1xpwo2l1z7zx 0 153432 843336 2026-05-30T11:22:00Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Nazmat Surajudeen-Bakinde | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1974|11|12}} | birth_place = Offa, Jihar Kwara, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa a fannin Electrical/Electronics Engineering | known_for = Gudummawa a fannin sadarwa, radio propagation da shugabanci a jami’a | alma_mater = Jami’ar Ilorin; Jami’ar Liverpool | title = Vice-Chancellor, University of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology (USET)... 843336 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Nazmat Surajudeen-Bakinde | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1974|11|12}} | birth_place = Offa, Jihar Kwara, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa a fannin Electrical/Electronics Engineering | known_for = Gudummawa a fannin sadarwa, radio propagation da shugabanci a jami’a | alma_mater = Jami’ar Ilorin; Jami’ar Liverpool | title = Vice-Chancellor, University of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology (USET), Gambia }} '''Nazmat Surajudeen-Bakinde''' (an haife ta 12 Nuwamba 1974) ƙwararriyar malamar jami’a ce kuma farfesa a fannin Electrical/Electronics Engineering daga Najeriya. A halin yanzu ita ce Mataimakiyar Shugabar Jami’a (Vice-Chancellor) ta University of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology (USET) a ƙasar Gambia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.voicegambia.com/2024/09/30/four-nigerians-bag-leadership-roles-at-uset/ |title=Four Nigerians Bag Leadership Roles At USET |publisher=Voice Gambia |date=2024-09-30 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Nazmat a Offa, Jihar Kwara, Najeriya. Ta yi karatu a Offa Grammar School kafin ta wuce Jami’ar Ilorin inda ta samu B.Eng da M.Eng a fannin Electrical Engineering. Daga baya ta samu digirin digirgir (PhD) a Jami’ar Liverpool, United Kingdom a shekarar 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.africa-press.net/gambia/all-news/prof-nazmat-surajudeen-bakinde-appointed-first-female-vice-chancellor-of-uset |title=Prof. Nazmat Surajudeen-Bakinde Appointed First Female Vice-Chancellor of USET |publisher=Africa Press |date=2024-10-16 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin ilimi == Farfesa Nazmat ta yi aiki a Jami’ar Ilorin, inda ta riƙe muƙamai daban-daban kamar: * Malamar koyarwa a Sashen Electrical and Electronics Engineering * Shugabar sashen a matsayin Acting Head of Department * Mai kula da shirye-shiryen bincike da koyarwa 2icnntyl2cgdzurgdhof2y535cuaqki 0 153433 843338 2026-05-30T11:27:15Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Ndubuisi Ekekwe | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1975|7}} | birth_place = Ovim, Isuikwuato, Abia State, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, injiniya, ɗan kasuwa, marubuci | known_for = Fasahar semiconductor, kirkire-kirkire, Tekedia, Fasmicro | alma_mater = Federal University of Technology Owerri; Johns Hopkins University; Tuskegee University; University of Calabar | website = https://www.tekedia.com }} '''Ndu... 843338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Ndubuisi Ekekwe | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1975|7}} | birth_place = Ovim, Isuikwuato, Abia State, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, injiniya, ɗan kasuwa, marubuci | known_for = Fasahar semiconductor, kirkire-kirkire, Tekedia, Fasmicro | alma_mater = Federal University of Technology Owerri; Johns Hopkins University; Tuskegee University; University of Calabar | website = https://www.tekedia.com }} '''Ndubuisi Ekekwe''' (an haife shi a watan Yuli 1975) ɗan Najeriya ne wanda ya shahara a matsayin farfesa, injiniya, mai kirkire-kirkire, marubuci, kuma ɗan kasuwa. Ya fi shahara a fannin fasahar kwamfuta (semiconductor), kirkirar na’urorin lantarki, da jagoranci a harkokin kasuwancin fasaha a Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndubuisi_Ekekwe |title=Ndubuisi Ekekwe |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Ekekwe a garin Ovim, Isuikwuato, jihar Abia da ke kudu maso gabashin Najeriya. Ya fito daga kabilar Igbo. Ya yi karatunsa na sakandare a Secondary Technical School inda ya yi fice sosai a jarabawar WASC.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/07/prof-ndubuisi-ekekwe-from-village-boy-to-silicon-valley-tech-genius/ |title=From village boy to Silicon Valley tech genius |website=Vanguard Nigeria |date=2019-07-03 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Ya samu digirin farko (B.Eng) a Electrical Engineering daga Federal University of Technology Owerri (FUTO), inda ya kammala a matsayin ɗalibi mafi ƙwazo. Daga baya ya ci gaba da karatu har ya samu: * M.Tech daga Federal University of Technology Akure * MBA daga University of Calabar * MSc daga Tuskegee University, Amurka * PhD daga Johns Hopkins University, Amurka (Electrical & Computer Engineering)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://engineering.jhu.edu/ece/news/johns-hopkins-education-set-ndubuisi-ekekwe-phd-09-on-entrepreneurial-journey-in-africa/ |title=Johns Hopkins education set Ndubuisi Ekekwe PhD ‘09 on entrepreneurial journey in Africa |publisher=Johns Hopkins University |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin fasaha da kasuwanci == Ekekwe ya shahara a fannin injiniyan semiconductor da kirkirar fasahar microelectronics. Ya kafa kamfanin '''First Atlantic Semiconductors & Microelectronics (Fasmicro)''', wanda ke aiki da fasahar na’urorin lantarki a Afirka. A lokacin aikinsa, an danganta shi da: * Taimakawa ƙirƙirar sensor da ake amfani da shi a wasu na’urorin zamani * Aiki a kamfanin Analog Devices wajen ƙera na’urorin inertial sensors * Yin aiki a fannin robotics da biomedical engineering<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.itnewsafrica.com/2011/10/ndubuisi-ekekwe-technology-is-not-it/ |title=Technology is not IT |website=IT News Africa |date=2011-10-28 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Gudummawa ga kasuwanci da kirkire-kirkire a Afirka == Ekekwe ya kafa kuma ya jagoranci cibiyoyi da dama da suka shafi bunkasa kasuwanci da ilimi a Afirka, ciki har da: * African Institution of Technology (AFRIT) * Tekedia Institute * Tekedia Capital Ya kuma kasance mai saka hannun jari a wasu kamfanonin fasaha a Najeriya, ciki har da BeepTool, wanda ke samar da hanyoyin sadarwa ga yankunan karkara.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://disruptafrica.com/2019/08/15/nigerian-connectivity-startup-beeptool-raises-funding-from-ndubuisi-ekekwe/ |title=Nigerian connectivity startup BeepTool raises funding |publisher=Disrupt Africa |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rubuce-rubuce da ra’ayoyi == Ekekwe yana rubuce-rubuce akai-akai a mujallar Harvard Business Review, inda yake nazari kan: * Tattalin arzikin Afirka * Fasahar AI da robotics * Tsarin kasuwanci na “stakeholder capitalism” a Afirka Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun ra’ayoyinsa shi ne cewa “robots da AI su ne manyan masu fafatawa da Afirka a nan gaba wajen masana’antu”.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://hbr.org/2021/05/a-nigerian-model-for-stakeholder-capitalism |title=A Nigerian Model for Stakeholder Capitalism |website=Harvard Business Review |date=2021-05-19 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Girmamawa da kyaututtuka == An karrama Ekekwe da lambobin yabo da dama, ciki har da: * World Economic Forum Young Global Leader * IBM Global Entrepreneur Award * TED Fellow * Lambar yabo daga The Guardian Nigeria a jerin “Nigerians Making Impact”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/ |title=The Guardian Nigeria recognition list |publisher=The Guardian |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Tasiri == Ndubuisi Ekekwe ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masana fasaha daga Najeriya da ke haɗa ilimin injiniya da kasuwanci, tare da taimakawa wajen bunƙasa sabbin kamfanoni da fasahohin Afirka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1975 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian engineers]] [[Category:Nigerian businesspeople]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] [[Category:People from Abia State]] [[Category:University of Ibadan alumni]] [[Category:Johns Hopkins University alumni]] ```0 lqeozh4ianodcank5efjr6f0mc2pcvd 0 153434 843339 2026-05-30T11:30:33Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Niyi Osundare | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1947|3|12}} | birth_place = Ikere-Ekiti, Jihar Ekiti, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Mawaƙi, marubuci, malamin jami'a, mai sharhin adabi | genre = Waƙoƙi, wasan kwaikwayo, rubuce-rubucen adabi | notable_works = ''Songs of the Marketplace'', ''The Eye of the Earth'', ''Waiting Laughters'', ''Green: Sighs of Our Ailing Planet'' | alma_mater = Jami'ar Ibadan, Jami'ar Le... 843339 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Niyi Osundare | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1947|3|12}} | birth_place = Ikere-Ekiti, Jihar Ekiti, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Mawaƙi, marubuci, malamin jami'a, mai sharhin adabi | genre = Waƙoƙi, wasan kwaikwayo, rubuce-rubucen adabi | notable_works = ''Songs of the Marketplace'', ''The Eye of the Earth'', ''Waiting Laughters'', ''Green: Sighs of Our Ailing Planet'' | alma_mater = Jami'ar Ibadan, Jami'ar Leeds, Jami'ar York (Toronto) | awards = Commonwealth Poetry Prize, NOMA Award, Tchicaya U Tam'si Prize, Nigerian National Order of Merit }} '''Oluwaniyi "Niyi" Osundare''' (an haife shi 12 Maris 1947) shahararren mawaƙi ne daga Najeriya, wanda aka san shi da waƙoƙinsa da ke magana kan adalci na zamantakewa, siyasa, muhalli da kuma rayuwar talakawa. Shi ɗaya ne daga cikin fitattun mawaƙan zamani a Afirka masu rubutu da Turanci, kuma aikinsa yana haɗa al’adun baka na Yarbawa da salon waƙoƙin zamani.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.uno.edu/academic-affairs/endowed-chairs/niyi-osundare |title=Niyi Osundare, Ph.D. |publisher=University of New Orleans |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Niyi Osundare a garin Ikere-Ekiti a jihar Ekiti, Najeriya. Ya girma cikin al’adar Yarbawa wadda ta yi tasiri sosai a rubutunsa, musamman amfani da karin magana da salon baka. Ya yi karatu a: * Jami'ar Ibadan (B.A. English) * Jami'ar Leeds (M.A.) * Jami'ar York, Toronto (Ph.D., 1979) Waɗannan makarantu sun taimaka masa wajen haɗa ilimin Afirka da na duniya a cikin rubuce-rubucensa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.uno.edu/academic-affairs/endowed-chairs/niyi-osundare |title=Niyi Osundare biography |publisher=University of New Orleans |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin rubutu da koyarwa == Osundare ya fara aikin koyarwa a Jami'ar Ibadan inda daga baya ya zama farfesa a fannin English da Literature. A shekarar 1997 ya koma Jami'ar New Orleans a Amurka inda ya ci gaba da koyarwa da bincike. Ya shahara wajen rubuta waƙoƙi da ke sukar cin hanci, rashin adalci da mulkin danniya a Najeriya da Afirka gaba ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.jrank.org/literature/pages/5322/Niyi-Osundare.html |title=Niyi Osundare Biography |publisher=JRank Literature |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Salon waƙoƙinsa == Salon Osundare yana haɗa: * Al’adun baka na Yarbawa * Harshe mai sauƙi amma mai ƙarfi * Sukar siyasa da zamantakewa * Kula da muhalli da dabi'a Waƙarsa ''The Eye of the Earth'' ta nuna muhimmancin muhalli da alaƙar ɗan Adam da ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Eye_of_the_Earth |title=The Eye of the Earth |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Muhimman ayyuka (littattafai) == Daga cikin fitattun ayyukansa akwai: * ''Songs of the Marketplace'' (1983) * ''Village Voices'' (1984) * ''The Eye of the Earth'' (1986) * ''Waiting Laughters'' (1990) * ''Midlife'' (1993) * ''The Word is an Egg'' (2002) * ''City Without People: The Katrina Poems'' (2011) * ''Green: Sighs of Our Ailing Planet'' (2022) == Kyaututtuka da girmamawa == Niyi Osundare ya samu manyan lambobin yabo ciki har da: * Commonwealth Poetry Prize * NOMA Award for Publishing in Africa * Tchicaya U Tam'si Prize for African Poetry * Nigerian National Order of Merit (NNOM) == Tasiri da muhimmanci == Osundare yana daga cikin mawaƙan da suka taimaka wajen canza fuskar waƙar zamani a Najeriya ta hanyar haɗa al’adar baka da rubutun zamani. Ayyukansa suna ci gaba da amfani a jami’o’i a matsayin kayan koyar da adabin Afirka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} * {{Cite web |url=https://www.uno.edu/academic-affairs/endowed-chairs/niyi-osundare |title=University of New Orleans profile on Niyi Osundare |access-date=2026-05-30}} * {{Cite web |url=https://www.jrank.org/literature/pages/5322/Niyi-Osundare.html |title=Niyi Osundare Biography |access-date=2026-05-30}} * {{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niyi_Osundare |title=Niyi Osundare |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}} [[Category:1947 births]] [[Category:Nigerian poets]] [[Category:Yoruba writers]] [[Category:University of Ibadan alumni]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] [[Category:Living people]] ```0 6xxd4eyr9mogeo4wxdqa9bvn26cdukh 0 153435 843340 2026-05-30T11:31:41Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355208190|Mtamvuna River]]" 843340 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mtamvuna''' kogi ne da ke kan iyaka tsakanin KwaZulu-Natal da Lardunan Gabashin Cape a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Kogin yana da faɗi sosai kuma yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] a kudu da Port Edward. Kogin Mtamvuna yana da kusan 162&nbsp;tsawon kilomita tare da yankin magudanar ruwa na 1,553&nbsp;km². Sunan yana nufin "mai girbin abinci mai yawa" saboda barnar da kogin ke yi wa amfanin gona a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa. {{Rp|329}} == Tarihi == A tarihi, Kogin Mtamvuna shine iyakar arewacin yankin Pondoland. A shekara ta 1552, wani jirgin ruwan [[Daular Portuguese|Portugal]] ya yi karo da ruwa a bakin kogin Mtamvuna kuma wasu gungun mutanen yankin sun kusanci matuƙan jirgin da ke son yin ciniki da su. <ref>[http://www.jonmayled.org.uk/SouthAfrica.pdf History of South Africa]{{Dead link|date=February 2018|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> == Ilimin Halittu == Wurin ajiyar yanayi na Umtamvuna [[Yankin kariya|yanki ne mai kariya]] wanda ke kusa da zurfin kwarin kogin Mtamvuna. A halin yanzu wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]]. == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna a Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == Mtamvuna RiverMtamvuna RiverMtamvuna RiverMtamvuna RiverMtamvuna RiverMtamvuna RiverMtamvuna RiverMtamvuna River b6qvvaym2xkultcfmuz4wvyp9rnjy4d 843341 843340 2026-05-30T11:32:13Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 843341 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mtamvuna''' kogi ne da ke kan iyaka tsakanin KwaZulu-Natal da Lardunan Gabashin Cape a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Kogin yana da faɗi sosai kuma yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] a kudu da Port Edward. Kogin Mtamvuna yana da kusan 162&nbsp;tsawon kilomita tare da yankin magudanar ruwa na 1,553&nbsp;km². Sunan yana nufin "mai girbin abinci mai yawa" saboda barnar da kogin ke yi wa amfanin gona a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa. {{Rp|329}} == Tarihi == A tarihi, Kogin Mtamvuna shine iyakar arewacin yankin Pondoland. A shekara ta 1552, wani jirgin ruwan [[Daular Portuguese|Portugal]] ya yi karo da ruwa a bakin kogin Mtamvuna kuma wasu gungun mutanen yankin sun kusanci matuƙan jirgin da ke son yin ciniki da su. <ref>[http://www.jonmayled.org.uk/SouthAfrica.pdf History of South Africa]{{Dead link|date=February 2018|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> == Ilimin Halittu == Wurin ajiyar yanayi na Umtamvuna [[Yankin kariya|yanki ne mai kariya]] wanda ke kusa da zurfin kwarin kogin Mtamvuna. A halin yanzu wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]]. == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna a Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == sra8ov6d465ywykjzzyzq70pj1dyk69 843343 843341 2026-05-30T11:35:39Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843343 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mtamvuna''' kogi ne da ke kan iyaka tsakanin KwaZulu-Natal da Lardunan Gabashin Cape a [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>[http://africanlanguages.com/south_africa/place_names_sagns.html Meanings of place names in South Africa]</ref> Kogin yana da faɗi sosai kuma yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] a kudu da Port Edward. Kogin Mtamvuna yana da kusan 162&nbsp;tsawon kilomita tare da yankin magudanar ruwa na 1,553&nbsp;km².<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/illustratedguide0000unse_d6x7 |title=Illustrated guide to Southern Africa |date=1980 |editor=Vic Mayhew |place=Cape Town |publisher=Reader's Digest Association South Africa in association with T.V. Bulpin |isbn=978-0-620-04650-3}}</ref> Sunan yana nufin "mai girbin abinci mai yawa" saboda barnar da kogin ke yi wa amfanin gona a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa. {{Rp|329}} == Tarihi == A tarihi, Kogin Mtamvuna shine iyakar arewacin yankin Pondoland. A shekara ta 1552, wani jirgin ruwan [[Daular Portuguese|Portugal]] ya yi karo da ruwa a bakin kogin Mtamvuna kuma wasu gungun mutanen yankin sun kusanci matuƙan jirgin da ke son yin ciniki da su. <ref>[http://www.jonmayled.org.uk/SouthAfrica.pdf History of South Africa]{{Dead link|date=February 2018|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> == Ilimin Halittu == Wurin ajiyar yanayi na Umtamvuna [[Yankin kariya|yanki ne mai kariya]] wanda ke kusa da zurfin kwarin kogin Mtamvuna. A halin yanzu wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]]. == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna a Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == hywv8y0ef6kv7py5q1b9ll3wyvuc176 843345 843343 2026-05-30T11:36:21Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Tarihi */ 843345 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mtamvuna''' kogi ne da ke kan iyaka tsakanin KwaZulu-Natal da Lardunan Gabashin Cape a [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>[http://africanlanguages.com/south_africa/place_names_sagns.html Meanings of place names in South Africa]</ref> Kogin yana da faɗi sosai kuma yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] a kudu da Port Edward. Kogin Mtamvuna yana da kusan 162&nbsp;tsawon kilomita tare da yankin magudanar ruwa na 1,553&nbsp;km².<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/illustratedguide0000unse_d6x7 |title=Illustrated guide to Southern Africa |date=1980 |editor=Vic Mayhew |place=Cape Town |publisher=Reader's Digest Association South Africa in association with T.V. Bulpin |isbn=978-0-620-04650-3}}</ref> Sunan yana nufin "mai girbin abinci mai yawa" saboda barnar da kogin ke yi wa amfanin gona a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa. {{Rp|329}} == Tarihi == A tarihi, Kogin Mtamvuna shine iyakar arewacin yankin Pondoland.<ref>[http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06082007-090102/unrestricted/01chapter1.pdf Contributions to the ecology of Maputaland, Southern Africa]</ref> A shekara ta 1552, wani jirgin ruwan [[Daular Portuguese|Portugal]] ya yi karo da ruwa a bakin kogin Mtamvuna kuma wasu gungun mutanen yankin sun kusanci matuƙan jirgin da ke son yin ciniki da su. <ref>[http://www.jonmayled.org.uk/SouthAfrica.pdf History of South Africa]{{Dead link|date=February 2018|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> == Ilimin Halittu == Wurin ajiyar yanayi na Umtamvuna [[Yankin kariya|yanki ne mai kariya]] wanda ke kusa da zurfin kwarin kogin Mtamvuna. A halin yanzu wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]]. == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna a Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == 3dsrjxik5fucqn4o42ol93176equjdg 843346 843345 2026-05-30T11:37:44Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Ilimin Halittu */ 843346 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Mtamvuna''' kogi ne da ke kan iyaka tsakanin KwaZulu-Natal da Lardunan Gabashin Cape a [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>[http://africanlanguages.com/south_africa/place_names_sagns.html Meanings of place names in South Africa]</ref> Kogin yana da faɗi sosai kuma yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] a kudu da Port Edward. Kogin Mtamvuna yana da kusan 162&nbsp;tsawon kilomita tare da yankin magudanar ruwa na 1,553&nbsp;km².<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/illustratedguide0000unse_d6x7 |title=Illustrated guide to Southern Africa |date=1980 |editor=Vic Mayhew |place=Cape Town |publisher=Reader's Digest Association South Africa in association with T.V. Bulpin |isbn=978-0-620-04650-3}}</ref> Sunan yana nufin "mai girbin abinci mai yawa" saboda barnar da kogin ke yi wa amfanin gona a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa. {{Rp|329}} == Tarihi == A tarihi, Kogin Mtamvuna shine iyakar arewacin yankin Pondoland.<ref>[http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06082007-090102/unrestricted/01chapter1.pdf Contributions to the ecology of Maputaland, Southern Africa]</ref> A shekara ta 1552, wani jirgin ruwan [[Daular Portuguese|Portugal]] ya yi karo da ruwa a bakin kogin Mtamvuna kuma wasu gungun mutanen yankin sun kusanci matuƙan jirgin da ke son yin ciniki da su. <ref>[http://www.jonmayled.org.uk/SouthAfrica.pdf History of South Africa]{{Dead link|date=February 2018|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> == Ilimin Halittu == Wurin ajiyar yanayi na Umtamvuna [[Yankin kariya|yanki ne mai kariya]] wanda ke kusa da zurfin kwarin kogin Mtamvuna.<ref>[http://www.sa-venues.com/game-reserves/kzn_umtamvuna.htm Umtamvuna Nature Reserve, KwaZulu Natal]</ref> A halin yanzu wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA11MvotuUmzimkulu.jpg Mvoti to Umzimkulu WMA 11]</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna a Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == tg3lp7m8e377umpk13ayk8jjc31a16g 843348 843346 2026-05-30T11:40:31Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 843348 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Mtamvuna''' kogi ne da ke kan iyaka tsakanin KwaZulu-Natal da Lardunan Gabashin Cape a [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>[http://africanlanguages.com/south_africa/place_names_sagns.html Meanings of place names in South Africa]</ref> Kogin yana da faɗi sosai kuma yana kwarara zuwa [[Tekun Indiya]] a kudu da Port Edward. Kogin Mtamvuna yana da kusan 162&nbsp;tsawon kilomita tare da yankin magudanar ruwa na 1,553&nbsp;km².<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/illustratedguide0000unse_d6x7 |title=Illustrated guide to Southern Africa |date=1980 |editor=Vic Mayhew |place=Cape Town |publisher=Reader's Digest Association South Africa in association with T.V. Bulpin |isbn=978-0-620-04650-3}}</ref> Sunan yana nufin "mai girbin abinci mai yawa" saboda barnar da kogin ke yi wa amfanin gona a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa. {{Rp|329}} == Tarihi == A tarihi, Kogin Mtamvuna shine iyakar arewacin yankin Pondoland.<ref>[http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06082007-090102/unrestricted/01chapter1.pdf Contributions to the ecology of Maputaland, Southern Africa]</ref> A shekara ta 1552, wani jirgin ruwan [[Daular Portuguese|Portugal]] ya yi karo da ruwa a bakin kogin Mtamvuna kuma wasu gungun mutanen yankin sun kusanci matuƙan jirgin da ke son yin ciniki da su. <ref>[http://www.jonmayled.org.uk/SouthAfrica.pdf History of South Africa]{{Dead link|date=February 2018|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> == Ilimin Halittu == Wurin ajiyar yanayi na Umtamvuna [[Yankin kariya|yanki ne mai kariya]] wanda ke kusa da zurfin kwarin kogin Mtamvuna.<ref>[http://www.sa-venues.com/game-reserves/kzn_umtamvuna.htm Umtamvuna Nature Reserve, KwaZulu Natal]</ref> A halin yanzu wannan kogin wani ɓangare ne na [[Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu Gudanar da Ruwa|Yankin Gudanar da Ruwa na Mvoti zuwa Umzimkulu]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA11MvotuUmzimkulu.jpg Mvoti to Umzimkulu WMA 11]</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin koguna a Afirka ta Kudu]] * Jerin magudanan ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == d40n7l53j3utdxc1ysrr45r9ocwl5hn 0 153436 843344 2026-05-30T11:36:03Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Obioma Grace Nnaemeka | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1948|10|28}} | birth_place = Agulu, Jihar Anambra, Najeriya | nationality = Nijeriya-Amurka | occupation = Farfesa, mai bincike, marubuciya | known_for = Nego-feminism, Nazarin jinsi (Gender Studies), Nazarin Afirka da Diaspora | workplaces = Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) | alma_mater = Jami'ar Najeriya Nsukka; Jami'ar Minnesota }} '''Obioma Grace Nnaeme... 843344 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Obioma Grace Nnaemeka | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1948|10|28}} | birth_place = Agulu, Jihar Anambra, Najeriya | nationality = Nijeriya-Amurka | occupation = Farfesa, mai bincike, marubuciya | known_for = Nego-feminism, Nazarin jinsi (Gender Studies), Nazarin Afirka da Diaspora | workplaces = Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) | alma_mater = Jami'ar Najeriya Nsukka; Jami'ar Minnesota }} '''Obioma Grace Nnaemeka''' (an haife ta 28 Oktoba 1948) fitacciyar masaniyar ilimi ce daga Najeriya wadda ta yi fice a fannin '''Gender Studies''', '''Afirka da Diaspora Studies''' da kuma '''French Literature'''. A yanzu tana aiki a matsayin farfesa a Indiana University Indianapolis a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obioma_Nnaemeka |title=Obioma Nnaemeka |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Obioma Nnaemeka a garin Agulu da ke Jihar Anambra, Najeriya. Ta yi karatun digiri na farko a Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka inda ta karanci African Studies, Faransanci da Jamusanci. Daga baya ta yi digirin digirgir (PhD) a fannin French da Francophone Studies a Jami'ar Minnesota a shekarar 1989.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://liberalarts.indianapolis.iu.edu/news-center/school-news/honorary-doctorate-of-social-science.html |title=Dr. Obioma Nnaemeka biography and achievements |publisher=Indiana University Indianapolis |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin ilimi == Nnaemeka ta yi koyarwa a Jami'ar Najeriya Nsukka kafin ta koma Amurka, inda ta zama farfesa a Indiana University Indianapolis. Ta kuma rike mukamin '''Director of Women’s Studies Program''' a jami'ar. Ta kasance mai karfafa bincike kan: * Nazarin mata da jinsi * Adabin Afirka * Hakkokin ɗan Adam * Al’adu da zamantakewar Afirka da Diaspora<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.casafrica.es/es/persona/obioma-nnaemeka |title=Obioma Nnaemeka profile |publisher=Casa África |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ra’ayin “Nego-feminism” == Daya daga cikin manyan gudummawar da ta bayar shi ne kirkirar ra’ayin '''Nego-feminism''', wato “feminism na tattaunawa da sulhu”. Wannan ra’ayi yana bayyana yadda mata a Afirka ke amfani da tattaunawa da daidaito wajen magance matsalolin zamantakewa maimakon rikici kai tsaye.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obioma_Nnaemeka |title=Obioma Nnaemeka – Nego-feminism concept |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> A cikin rubuce-rubucenta, ta yi nazari kan yadda al’adun Afirka ke da tasiri a kan fahimtar jinsi da ikon mata. == Gudummawa da jagoranci == Obioma Nnaemeka ta kafa kuma ita ce shugabar: * Association of African Women Scholars (AAWS) * Jessie Obidiegwu Education Fund Haka kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kungiyoyi kamar: * Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UN) * Bankin Duniya (World Bank)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.indianapolis.iu.edu/academics/faculty/obioma-nnaemeka.html |title=Faculty profile – Obioma Nnaemeka |publisher=Indiana University |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == Ta samu lambobin yabo da dama saboda gudummawar da ta bayar a fannin ilimi da bincike, ciki har da: * Distinguished Leadership Award for Internationals (University of Minnesota) * Honorary Doctorates daga jami’o’i daban-daban * Karramawa daga cibiyoyin ilimi na duniya<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://global.umn.edu/awards/dlai/obioma-nnaemeka |title=Distinguished Leadership Award – Obioma Nnaemeka |publisher=University of Minnesota |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Muhimmanci a ilimin Afirka == Ayyukanta sun taimaka wajen: * Fahimtar rawar mata a al’ummar Afirka * Haɓaka nazarin Gender Studies a Afirka da duniya * Gina gada tsakanin ilimin Afirka da na yammacin duniya == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1948 births]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] [[Category:Nigerian feminists]] [[Category:Women scholars]] [[Category:University of Nigeria alumni]] [[Category:University of Minnesota alumni]] [[Category:Indiana University faculty]] ```0 fl678p1ycda50dzxqabvzdhxojwrfvd 0 153437 843347 2026-05-30T11:38:46Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: '''Nigeria Nationwide Women Football Championship''' wata gasa ce ta ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata a Najeriya wadda ke cikin tsarin gasannin da ake gudanarwa ƙarƙashin kulawar '''Nigeria Women Football League (NWFL)'''. Gasar tana zama wata muhimmiyar hanya ta bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafar mata daga matakin ƙasa zuwa manyan rukunan lig na mata a Najeriya. Ana amfani da ita wajen bai wa ƙungiyoyi daga sassa daban-daban na ƙasar damar fafatawa domin samun gurbin hawa zuwa manyan matakan... 843347 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nigeria Nationwide Women Football Championship''' wata gasa ce ta ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata a Najeriya wadda ke cikin tsarin gasannin da ake gudanarwa ƙarƙashin kulawar '''Nigeria Women Football League (NWFL)'''. Gasar tana zama wata muhimmiyar hanya ta bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafar mata daga matakin ƙasa zuwa manyan rukunan lig na mata a Najeriya. Ana amfani da ita wajen bai wa ƙungiyoyi daga sassa daban-daban na ƙasar damar fafatawa domin samun gurbin hawa zuwa manyan matakan gasar mata ta ƙasa.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://thenwfl.com/about/ |title=About NWFL |publisher=Nigeria Women Football League |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/football/abia-to-host-2025-nigeria-women-football-league-championship/ |title=Abia to host 2025 Nigeria Women Football League championship |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=18 August 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa tsarin gudanar da gasannin mata a Najeriya ne a ƙarƙashin NWFL, wacce ke kula da manyan rukunan gasannin mata guda uku. A shekarar 2020, NWFL ta sake fasalin tsarin gasannin mata tare da sauya sunayen rukunan gasar. Bayan wannan gyara, an raba gasannin zuwa '''NWFL Premiership''' a matakin farko, '''NWFL Championship''' a matakin biyu, da kuma '''NWFL Nationwide''' a matakin uku. Wannan tsarin ya taimaka wajen samar da hanya mai ma'ana ga ƙananan ƙungiyoyi domin haɓaka da samun damar hawa zuwa manyan matakai.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://thenwfl.com/about/ |title=About NWFL |publisher=Nigeria Women Football League |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria_Women_Football_League |title=Nigeria Women Football League |website=Wikipedia |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tsarin Gasar == Gasar Nationwide Women Football Championship tana haɗa ƙungiyoyin mata daga jihohi da yankuna daban-daban na Najeriya. Ana rarraba ƙungiyoyin zuwa rukuni-rukuni domin gudanar da wasannin zagaye kafin a kai ga matakin fitar da zakarun rukuni. Ƙungiyoyin da suka yi fice a gasar suna samun damar hawa zuwa '''NWFL Championship''', wanda shi ne mataki na biyu a tsarin gasannin mata na Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theafricascorecard.com/2025/10/03/nwfl-announces-new-date-and-venue-for-2025-nationwide-womens-championship-in-abuja/ |title=NWFL Announces New Date and Venue for 2025 Nationwide Women’s Championship in Abuja |publisher=Africa Scorecard |date=3 October 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://thenwfl.com/about/ |title=About NWFL |publisher=Nigeria Women Football League |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Muhimmanci == Gasar na taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gano sabbin 'yan wasa mata da kuma bai wa ƙananan ƙungiyoyi damar shiga tsarin ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasa. Haka kuma tana taimakawa wajen faɗaɗa tushen ƙwallon ƙafar mata a Najeriya ta hanyar bai wa matasa damar nuna bajintarsu a matakin da zai iya kai su zuwa manyan ƙungiyoyi ko ma tawagar ƙasa ta '''Super Falcons'''. Masu gudanar da NWFL sun bayyana gasar a matsayin wata muhimmiyar hanya ta haɓaka ƙwallon ƙafar mata daga tushe zuwa matakin ƙwararru.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theafricascorecard.com/2025/10/03/nwfl-announces-new-date-and-venue-for-2025-nationwide-womens-championship-in-abuja/ |title=NWFL Announces New Date and Venue for 2025 Nationwide Women’s Championship in Abuja |publisher=Africa Scorecard |date=3 October 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/nigerian-teenage-girls-chase-soccer-dreams-muslim-north-2025-10-15/ |title=Nigerian teenage girls chase soccer dreams in Muslim north |work=Reuters |date=15 October 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Gasar 2025 == A shekarar 2025, NWFL ta sanar da shirye-shiryen gudanar da gasar tare da ƙungiyoyi da dama daga faɗin Najeriya. An bayyana cewa ƙungiyoyin za su fafata a rukuni daban-daban domin neman gurbin hawa zuwa mataki na gaba. Haka kuma masu shirya gasar sun jaddada aniyarsu ta tabbatar da adalci da daidaito ga dukkan ƙungiyoyin da suka halarta.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/football/abia-to-host-2025-nigeria-women-football-league-championship/ |title=Abia to host 2025 Nigeria Women Football League championship |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=18 August 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://bsnsports.com.ng/post/NWFL-Announces-Groupings-For-2025-Championship |title=NWFL Announces Groupings For 2025 Championship |publisher=BSN Sports |date=4 September 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[NWFL Premiership]] * [[Nigeria Women Football League]] * [[Super Falcons]] == Manazarta == {{reflist}} [[Category:Women's football competitions in Nigeria]] [[Category:Football competitions in Nigeria]] [[Category:Women's football in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sports leagues in Nigeria]] r8gzqn4xst1u43qu8zeo3fyvmhwe956 0 153438 843350 2026-05-30T11:41:30Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Ogwu James Onoja | honorific_suffix = SAN, FCArb | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1968|2|19}} | birth_place = Idah, Kogi State, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Lauya, Senior Advocate of Nigeria (SAN), Notary Public | known_for = Aikin shari’a, rubuce-rubucen dokoki da aikin shawarwarin shari’a }} '''Ogwu James Onoja''' (an haife shi 19 Fabrairu 1968) fitaccen lauya ne daga Najeriya, wanda aka yi masa laƙabi da... 843350 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Ogwu James Onoja | honorific_suffix = SAN, FCArb | image = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1968|2|19}} | birth_place = Idah, Kogi State, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Lauya, Senior Advocate of Nigeria (SAN), Notary Public | known_for = Aikin shari’a, rubuce-rubucen dokoki da aikin shawarwarin shari’a }} '''Ogwu James Onoja''' (an haife shi 19 Fabrairu 1968) fitaccen lauya ne daga Najeriya, wanda aka yi masa laƙabi da Senior Advocate of Nigeria (SAN). Shi ƙwararren masani ne a fannin shari’a, kuma ya yi fice wajen rubuce-rubuce kan ka’idojin kotuna, tsarin shari’a, da kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam a Najeriya.<ref name="guardian2025">{{Cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/news/san-seeks-better-living-conditions-for-judges-to-enhance-justice-delivery/ |title=SAN seeks better living conditions for judges |publisher=The Guardian Nigeria |date=20 February 2025 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Ogwu James Onoja a Idah, Jihar Kogi. Ya yi karatun firamare da sakandare a Najeriya, sannan ya wuce Jami’ar Jos inda ya samu digirin LLB (Hons) a fannin shari’a daga 1987 zuwa 1990. Bayan haka, ya halarci Nigerian Law School a Legas inda ya samu horon zama lauya (BL) kuma aka kira shi zuwa Bar a shekarar 1991.<ref name="wikipedia">{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogwu_James_Onoja |title=Ogwu James Onoja |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Daga baya ya ƙara ilimi a fannonin gudanarwa da kasuwanci, ciki har da PGDM da MBA daga University of Calabar, da kuma digirin LLM daga University of Lagos.<ref name="ojfirm">{{Cite web |url=https://ojonoja.com.ng/the-principal/ |title=Dr. Ogwu James Onoja, SAN |publisher=O.J. Onoja & Associates |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin lauya == Ogwu James Onoja ya fara aikinsa a fannin shari’a a farkon shekarun 1990, inda ya yi aiki a kamfanonin lauyoyi daban-daban kafin ya kafa nasa ofishin lauya, O.J. Onoja & Associates, a shekara ta 2000. A matsayinsa na SAN, ya wakilci mutane da kamfanoni a kotunan Najeriya daban-daban, ciki har da Kotun Koli da Kotun Ƙoli ta Ƙasa.<ref name="wikipedia" /> == Rubuce-rubuce == Ya wallafa littattafai da dama kan dokoki da tsarin kotu a Najeriya, ciki har da: * ''The Supreme Court Rules: Practice and Procedure'' (2010) * ''The Court of Appeal Rules: Practice and Procedure'' (2010) * ''Federal High Court Rules: Practice and Procedure'' (2012) * ''Fundamental Rights (Enforcement Procedure) Rules'' (2021)<ref name="ojfirm" /> Wadannan littattafai suna taimakawa wajen fahimtar yadda kotunan Najeriya ke aiki da yadda ake tafiyar da shari’o’i. == Gudummawa ga shari’a da zamantakewa == Ogwu Onoja ya yi ta bayyana ra’ayoyi kan inganta tsarin shari’a a Najeriya. A wani lokaci ya bayar da shawarar a kafa kotunan koli na yankuna domin rage cunkoso a Kotun Koli ta ƙasa da kuma saurin yanke shari’a.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/05/25/senior-lawyer-ogwu-onoja-advocates-regional-supreme-courts-for-speedy-justice-delivery/ |title=Senior Lawyer Ogwu Onoja advocates regional Supreme Courts |publisher=Daily Post Nigeria |date=25 May 2022 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Haka kuma ya yi kira da a inganta rayuwar alkalai a Najeriya domin su iya gudanar da aikinsu cikin inganci da adalci.<ref name="guardian2025" /> == Rayuwar sirri == Shi mutum ne mai sha’awar karatu, wasanni kamar tennis da golf, da kuma ayyukan ci gaban al’umma. Haka kuma yana taka rawa wajen ayyukan al’umma a jiharsa ta Kogi.<ref name="wikipedia" /> == Mukamai == * Senior Advocate of Nigeria (SAN) * Notary Public na Kotun Ƙoli ta Najeriya * Lauyan kamfani kuma mai ba da shawarar shari’a * Memba na ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru na shari’a da arbitration<ref name="ojfirm" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1968 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian lawyers]] [[Category:Senior Advocates of Nigeria]] [[Category:People from Kogi State]] ```0 b76p3xpnhp23bnhsa2geov5jdwvcxde 0 153439 843351 2026-05-30T11:44:22Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Oji Umozurike | image = | birth_date = | birth_place = Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, lauya, mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam | known_for = Tsohon Shugaban Hukumar African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) | workplace = Abia State University }} '''Oji Umozurike''' fitaccen farfesa ne na shari’a daga Najeriya kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam a Afirka. Ya yi suna musamma... 843351 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Oji Umozurike | image = | birth_date = | birth_place = Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Farfesa, lauya, mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam | known_for = Tsohon Shugaban Hukumar African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) | workplace = Abia State University }} '''Oji Umozurike''' fitaccen farfesa ne na shari’a daga Najeriya kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam a Afirka. Ya yi suna musamman saboda shugabancinsa a Hukumar ''African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR)'', wadda ke ƙarƙashin tsohuwar Organisation of African Unity (OAU), yanzu African Union (AU).<ref name="ACHPR">{{Cite web |url=https://achpr.au.int/en/commissioners/hon-u-oji-umozurike |title=Hon. U. Oji Umozurike |publisher=African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Babu cikakkun bayanan jama’a da suka yadu sosai kan ranar haihuwarsa, amma an san cewa ɗan Najeriya ne kuma ya yi karatun shari’a har ya kai matakin farfesa. Ya shiga fannin koyarwa a jami’o’i daban-daban a Najeriya, musamman Abia State University.<ref name="Wiki">{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oji_Umozurike |title=Oji Umozurike |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin ilimi == Umozurike ya kasance farfesa a fannin shari’a (Law) a Najeriya. Ya yi tasiri wajen koyar da dokokin ƙasa da kuma dokokin kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam a matakin Afirka. A matsayinsa na malami, ya horar da ɗalibai da savtxgb7bpzvbpa7u0pass3wc88rqpn 0 153440 843352 2026-05-30T11:45:51Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | name = Nigeria Pitch Awards | image = | caption = Tambarin lambar yabo ta Nigeria Pitch Awards | awarded_for = Karrama fitattun mutane da cibiyoyi da suka bayar da gudunmawa ga ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya | sponsor = Lenders Consult International (tsohon Matchmakers Consult International) | country = Najeriya | first_award = 2013 | website = nigeriapitchawards.com }} '''Nigeria Pitch Awards''' lambar yabo ce ta ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya wadda ak... 843352 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = Nigeria Pitch Awards | image = | caption = Tambarin lambar yabo ta Nigeria Pitch Awards | awarded_for = Karrama fitattun mutane da cibiyoyi da suka bayar da gudunmawa ga ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya | sponsor = Lenders Consult International (tsohon Matchmakers Consult International) | country = Najeriya | first_award = 2013 | website = nigeriapitchawards.com }} '''Nigeria Pitch Awards''' lambar yabo ce ta ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya wadda ake bayarwa domin girmama 'yan wasa, masu horaswa, alkalai, manajoji, 'yan jarida da sauran masu ruwa da tsaki da suka bayar da gudunmawa wajen bunƙasa wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙasar. An ƙaddamar da kyautar ne a shekarar 2013 ta hannun Matchmakers Consult International (wanda daga baya ya koma Lenders Consult International), tare da goyon bayan Hukumar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Najeriya (NFF). An gudanar da bikin bayar da kyautar karo na farko a Calabar, jihar Cross River a ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, 2013.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nigeria Pitch Awards: 10 years of service to Nigerian football |url=https://blueprint.ng/nigeria-pitch-awards-10-years-of-service-to-nigerian-football/ |work=Blueprint Newspapers |date=15 June 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Pitch Awards sets to celebrate one decade with glitz, aplomb |url=https://www.africasport.net/article/football/10th-edition-of-nigeria-pitch-awards-commences-preparations-to-recognize-football-excellence |work=Africa Sport Network |date=6 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Nigeria Pitch Awards ne domin samar da wata hanyar karramawa mai gaskiya da nagarta ga mutanen da suka yi fice a harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya. Tun daga fara gudanar da ita a shekarar 2013, kyautar ta zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun lambobin yabo a wasan ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya. Masu shirya kyautar sun bayyana cewa manufarta ita ce yabawa ƙwazo, kishin ƙasa da kuma jajircewar masu ruwa da tsaki a harkar ƙwallon ƙafa.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pitch Awards To Celebrate One Decade With Glitz, Aplomb |url=https://www.cknnigeria.com/2023/11/pitch-awards-to-celebrate-one-decade.html |work=CKN News |date=7 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nigeria Pitch Awards gets NFF, media gurus' commendation over 10th year anniversary |url=https://www.africasport.net/article/football/nigeria-pitch-awards-gets-nff-media-gurus-commendation-over-10th-year-anniversary |work=Africa Sport Network |date=16 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Shugaban kyautar, '''Shina Philips''', ya bayyana cewa an gina tsarin kyautar ne bisa ginshiƙai uku: gaskiya (Integrity), amintuwa (Credibility) da kuma bayyana gaskiya (Transparency). Masu zaɓen waɗanda za su lashe kyautar sun haɗa da editocin wasanni daga jihohi 36 na Najeriya da Babban Birnin Tarayya Abuja, yayin da kamfanin SIAO Partners ke gudanar da tattarawa da tantance ƙuri'un cikin 'yanci.<ref>{{cite news |title=A Decade of Integrity, Credibility and Transparency at the Nigeria Pitch Awards |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2024/07/25/a-decade-of-integrity-credibility-and-transparency-at-the-nigeria-pitch-awards/ |work=ThisDay |date=25 July 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Pitch Awards to unveil 11th edition’s nominees Feb 20 |url=https://punchng.com/pitch-awards-to-unveil-11th-editions-nominees-feb-20/ |work=Punch Newspapers |date=12 February 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tsarin Zaɓe == Ana zaɓar waɗanda suka lashe kyautar ne ta hanyar ƙuri'ar editocin wasanni daga sassa daban-daban na Najeriya. Bayan an kammala jefa ƙuri'u, kamfanin tantance kuɗi da bincike na SIAO Partners yana tattarawa tare da tabbatar da sahihancin sakamakon kafin a sanar da waɗanda suka yi nasara. Wannan tsari ya taimaka wajen ƙarfafa amincewar jama'a da sahihancin kyautar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pitch Awards to unveil 11th edition’s nominees Feb 20 |url=https://punchng.com/pitch-awards-to-unveil-11th-editions-nominees-feb-20/ |work=Punch Newspapers |date=12 February 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=A Decade of Integrity, Credibility and Transparency at the Nigeria Pitch Awards |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2024/07/25/a-decade-of-integrity-credibility-and-transparency-at-the-nigeria-pitch-awards/ |work=ThisDay |date=25 July 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Rukunan Kyauta == A farkon kafuwarta, Nigeria Pitch Awards tana da rukuni 16 na kyaututtuka. Daga baya an ƙara wasu rukunan domin faɗaɗa damar karrama mutane da cibiyoyi masu tasiri a harkar ƙwallon ƙafa. Daga cikin fitattun rukunan akwai: * Golan Shekara (Goalkeeper of the Year) * Mai Tsaron Baya na Shekara (Defender of the Year) * Dan Tsakiyar Fili na Shekara (Midfielder of the Year) * Dan Hari na Shekara (Striker of the Year) * Sarkin Fili (King of the Pitch) * Sarauniyar Fili (Queen of the Pitch) * Kocin Shekara (Coach of the Year) * Manajan Shekara (Manager of the Year) * Kulob na Shekara (Club of the Year) * Alƙalin Wasa na Shekara (Referee of the Year) * Dan Jaridar Ƙwallon Ƙafa na Shekara * Jihar da Ta Fi Bunƙasa Ƙwallon Ƙafa na Matasa * Gwamnan da Ya Fi Tallafa wa Ƙwallon Ƙafa * Kyautar Sam Okwaraji * Kyautar Rashidi Yekini * Kyautar Masu Tallafa wa Ƙwallon Ƙafa.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nigeria Pitch Awards: 10 years of service to Nigerian football |url=https://blueprint.ng/nigeria-pitch-awards-10-years-of-service-to-nigerian-football/ |work=Blueprint Newspapers |date=15 June 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=ASABA SET TO HOST NIGERIA PITCH AWARDS CEREMONY |url=https://sportsvillagesquare.com/2019/06/01/asaba-set-to-host-nigeria-pitch-awards-ceremony/ |work=Sports Village Square |date=1 June 2019 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Muhimman Wadanda Suka Lashe Kyauta == A tsawon shekaru, fitattun 'yan wasan Najeriya sun lashe kyaututtuka daban-daban a Nigeria Pitch Awards. Daga cikin su akwai Vincent Enyeama, Ahmed Musa, Asisat Oshoala, Wilfred Ndidi, Victor Osimhen, Kelechi Iheanacho da Ademola Lookman. Asisat Oshoala ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mata mafi yawan lashe kyautar '''Queen of the Pitch''', yayin da Ademola Lookman ya lashe '''King of the Pitch''' a bugu na 11 da aka gudanar a shekarar 2025.<ref>{{cite news |title=Iheanacho, Oshoala Clinch Nigeria Pitch Awards |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2017/06/12/iheanacho-oshoala-clinch-nigeria-pitch-awards/ |work=Channels Television |date=12 June 2017 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Lookman, Ajibade shine at Nigeria Pitch Awards |url=https://businessday.ng/sports/article/lookman-ajibade-shine-at-nigeria-pitch-awards/ |work=BusinessDay Nigeria |date=26 March 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tasiri == Nigeria Pitch Awards ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ƙarfafa gasa da ƙwazo tsakanin 'yan wasa da sauran masu ruwa da tsaki a harkar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya. Hukumar NFF da dama daga cikin masu ruwa da tsaki sun yabawa kyautar saboda yadda take gudanar da ayyukanta cikin gaskiya da adalci. Haka kuma kyautar ta taimaka wajen ƙara daraja da martabar waɗanda suka bayar da gudunmawa ga ci gaban wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pinnick re-affirms NFF’s support for Nigeria Pitch Awards |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/12/pinnick-re-affirms-nffs-support-nigeria-pitch-awards/ |work=Vanguard |date=29 December 2016 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nigeria Pitch Awards gets NFF, media gurus' commendation over 10th year anniversary |url=https://www.africasport.net/article/football/nigeria-pitch-awards-gets-nff-media-gurus-commendation-over-10th-year-anniversary |work=Africa Sport Network |date=16 November 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] * [[Super Eagles]] * [[Asisat Oshoala]] * [[Victor Osimhen]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin Waje == * [https://nigeriapitchawards.com Official Website] [[Category:Football awards in Nigeria]] [[Category:Awards established in 2013]] [[Category:Nigerian football]]An tsara wannan a salon Wikipedia Wiki Markup tare da manazarta daga kafafen yaɗa labarai masu inganci, ba tare da amfani da Britannica ba. 1sor5w9fzr1onbgphf6v6p6c9uayl0l 0 153441 843354 2026-05-30T11:47:41Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Okechukwu Amah | image = | birth_date = | birth_place = Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Masanin gudanarwa (Management scholar), tsohon injiniyan man fetur, ɗan kasuwa/mai gudanarwa | known_for = Aikin gudanarwa, HRM, leadership da binciken halayyar ma’aikata | employer = Lagos Business School, Pan-Atlantic University }} '''Okechukwu Amah''' fitaccen ɗan Najeriya ne wanda ya yi suna a fannin ilimin gudanar da harkokin kasuwa... 843354 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Okechukwu Amah | image = | birth_date = | birth_place = Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Masanin gudanarwa (Management scholar), tsohon injiniyan man fetur, ɗan kasuwa/mai gudanarwa | known_for = Aikin gudanarwa, HRM, leadership da binciken halayyar ma’aikata | employer = Lagos Business School, Pan-Atlantic University }} '''Okechukwu Amah''' fitaccen ɗan Najeriya ne wanda ya yi suna a fannin ilimin gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci (business administration), jagoranci (leadership), da nazarin halayyar ma’aikata (organizational behavior). Ya kuma yi aiki na dogon lokaci a kamfanin Chevron Nigeria Limited kafin ya koma aikin koyarwa a jami’a da makarantar kasuwanci ta Lagos Business School.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okechukwu_Amah |title=Okechukwu Amah |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Okechukwu Amah ya karanta Injiniyan Man Fetur (Petroleum Engineering) a Jami’ar Ibadan. Daga baya ya samu digiri na MBA da PhD a fannin Business Administration daga Jami’ar Benin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://futuresoftproject.com/lbs-main/team/okechukwu-amah/ |title=Dr Okechukwu Amah - Lagos Business School Profile |website=Lagos Business School |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin farko (Chevron da kamfanonin mai) == Amah ya fara aikinsa a kamfanin Texaco Overseas Nigeria Limited a matsayin injiniyan man fetur, inda ya rika gudanar da ayyuka kamar binciken rijiyoyin mai da sarrafa harkokin samarwa. Bayan haɗewar kamfanin zuwa Chevron Nigeria Limited, ya ci gaba da aiki a manyan mukamai har ya kai matsayin babban manaja.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://futuresoftproject.com/lbs-main/team/okechukwu-amah-2/ |title=Dr Okechukwu Amah Profile |website=Lagos Business School |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Bayan kusan shekaru sama da 30 a fannin man fetur da gudanarwa, ya bar aiki a kamfani ya koma aikin ilimi. == Aikin koyarwa == Bayan ya bar Chevron, Okechukwu Amah ya shiga Lagos Business School (LBS), inda yake koyar da darussa kamar: * Human Resources Management (HRM) * Leadership * Organizational Behaviour * Management Communication Haka kuma yana aiki a matsayin Research Director a Lagos Business School, Pan-Atlantic University.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.iwfionline.org/dr-okechukwu-amah/ |title=Dr Okechukwu Amah - IWFI Profile |website=Institute for Work and Family Integration |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Bincike da gudummawa == Bincikensa ya fi mayar da hankali kan: * Dangantakar aiki da iyali (work-family conflict) * Jagoranci a kamfanoni (leadership) * Halayyar ma’aikata (employee behaviour) * Inganta aikin ma’aikata (employee engagement) Ya wallafa takardu da littattafai da dama a mujallu na duniya kan harkokin gudanarwa da jagoranci.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okechukwu_Amah |title=Okechukwu Amah Publications |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Mukamai da ƙwarewa == Amah ya kasance memba na ƙungiyoyi da dama ciki har da: * Society of Petroleum Engineers * Nigerian Academy of Management * Society of Human Resources Management * American Academy of Management == Muhimmanci == Okechukwu Amah yana daga cikin masana Najeriya da suka haɗa ƙwarewar aikin injiniya da ilimin gudanarwa, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar bayar da gudummawa mai yawa ga harkar ilimi da horar da shugabanni a Najeriya da Afirka gaba ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://futuresoftproject.com/lbs-main/team/okechukwu-amah/ |title=LBS Faculty Profile |website=Lagos Business School |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Nigerian businesspeople]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] [[Category:University of Ibadan alumni]] [[Category:University of Benin alumni]] [[Category:Living people]] ```0 mxtbuh05cde078zxpu40kd7eprhs4hw 0 153442 843355 2026-05-30T11:47:58Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: '''Lambar Yabo ta Super Eagles Supporters Club''' wata girmamawa ce da ƙungiyar magoya bayan ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafan Najeriya ta '''Super Eagles Supporters Club (SESC)''' ke bayarwa ga mutane, kamfanoni da ƙungiyoyi da suka ba da gudummawa wajen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa da harkokin wasanni a Najeriya. An kafa wannan tsarin yabo domin karrama waɗanda suka taimaka wajen ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafan ƙasar da kuma tallafa wa ayyukan magoya baya a matakin ƙasa da na duniya.<ref>{{... 843355 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lambar Yabo ta Super Eagles Supporters Club''' wata girmamawa ce da ƙungiyar magoya bayan ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafan Najeriya ta '''Super Eagles Supporters Club (SESC)''' ke bayarwa ga mutane, kamfanoni da ƙungiyoyi da suka ba da gudummawa wajen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa da harkokin wasanni a Najeriya. An kafa wannan tsarin yabo domin karrama waɗanda suka taimaka wajen ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafan ƙasar da kuma tallafa wa ayyukan magoya baya a matakin ƙasa da na duniya.<ref>{{cite news|title=AITEO, Ethiopian Airlines for honours at Super Eagles Supporters Club fund raising, awards night|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/aiteo-ethiopian-airlines-for-honours-at-super-eagles-supporters-club-fund-raising-awards-night/|work=The Guardian Nigeria|date=18 May 2019|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == A shekarar 2019 ne Super Eagles Supporters Club ta shirya babban taron tara kuɗi da bayar da lambobin yabo a Lagos, inda aka karrama fitattun mutane da kamfanoni saboda gudummawar da suka bayar ga ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafan Najeriya. Daga cikin waɗanda aka ba yabo akwai kamfanin '''AITEO''', '''Ethiopian Airlines''', da wasu manyan masu ruwa da tsaki a harkar wasanni. Shugaban ƙungiyar na lokacin, Prince Vincent Okumagba, ya bayyana cewa manufar lambar yabon ita ce nuna godiya ga waɗanda suka taimaka wajen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafan Najeriya da ayyukan ƙungiyar magoya baya.<ref>{{cite news|title=AITEO, Ethiopian Airlines for honours at Super Eagles Supporters Club fund raising, awards night|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/aiteo-ethiopian-airlines-for-honours-at-super-eagles-supporters-club-fund-raising-awards-night/|work=The Guardian Nigeria|date=18 May 2019|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Bayan haka, an ci gaba da amfani da lambobin yabo a matsayin wata hanya ta ƙarfafa haɗin kai tsakanin ƙungiyoyin magoya baya da hukumomin ƙwallon ƙafa. A shekarar 2025, wasu daga cikin shugabannin ƙungiyoyin magoya bayan ƙwallon ƙafa ciki har da na Super Eagles Supporters Club sun samu lambar yabo ta musamman daga Newstap/SWAN Five Star Sports Award saboda jajircewarsu wajen tallafawa ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da kuma haɓaka sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news|title=Supporters Clubs to get special recognition at Newstap/SWAN Five Star Sports Award|url=https://sportsdayonline.com/supporters-clubs-to-get-special-recognition-at-newstap-swan-five-star-sports-award/|work=SportsDay Newspaper|date=15 March 2025|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manufofi == Babban manufar lambar yabon ita ce karrama mutanen da suka nuna sadaukarwa wajen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafan Najeriya. Haka kuma tana taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa alaƙa tsakanin magoya baya, 'yan wasa, masu gudanar da wasanni da masu zuba jari a harkar ƙwallon ƙafa. Ana amfani da tarukan bayar da lambobin yabo wajen tara kuɗaɗe domin tallafawa ayyukan ƙungiyar da kuma shirye-shiryen goyon bayan ƙungiyoyin ƙasa a gasar duniya.<ref>{{cite news|title=AITEO, Ethiopian Airlines for honours at Super Eagles Supporters Club fund raising, awards night|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/aiteo-ethiopian-airlines-for-honours-at-super-eagles-supporters-club-fund-raising-awards-night/|work=The Guardian Nigeria|date=18 May 2019|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Muhimmanci == Lambar yabon ta zama ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da ake amfani da su wajen nuna muhimmancin rawar da magoya baya ke takawa a ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya. Kungiyoyin magoya baya sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ƙarfafa gwiwar 'yan wasan Super Eagles a manyan gasa na duniya, abin da ya sa hukumomin wasanni da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu suka fara ba su kulawa da karramawa. Wasu daga cikin shugabannin ƙungiyoyin magoya bayan sun samu lambobin yabo daga kungiyoyi da cibiyoyi daban-daban saboda ayyukansu na bunkasa wasanni da haɗin kan ƙasa.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria Football Supporters Club Chairman, Ikpea, bags National Merit Award|url=https://persecondnews.com/2021/04/03/nigeria-football-supporters-club-chairman-ikpea-bags-national-merit-award/|work=Per Second News|date=3 April 2021|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Newstap/SWAN Award: Ambassador Ogunfuwa Lauds Organisers, Promises New Innovation in Supporters Club|url=https://independent.ng/newstap-swan-award-ambassador-ogunfuwa-lauds-organisers-promises-new-innovation-in-supporters-club/|work=Independent Newspaper Nigeria|date=13 March 2025|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Super Eagles]] * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] * [[Nigeria Football Supporters Club]] * [[Ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{reflist}} 80xhcqpg7wj35srz1rsnsfsbcune8w6 0 153443 843357 2026-05-30T11:50:07Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | name = Flying Eagles Alumni Association | native_name = Ƙungiyar Tsofaffin 'Yan Wasan Flying Eagles | type = Ƙungiyar tsofaffin 'yan wasa | founded = | headquarters = Najeriya | region_served = Najeriya | membership = Tsofaffin 'yan wasan Flying Eagles | leader_title = Jagora/Jagoran Ƙungiya | leader_name = Paul Okoku (ɗaya daga cikin manyan jagorori) | website = }} '''Flying Eagles Alumni Association''' (wato '''Ƙungiyar Tsofaffin 'Yan Wasan Fl... 843357 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = Flying Eagles Alumni Association | native_name = Ƙungiyar Tsofaffin 'Yan Wasan Flying Eagles | type = Ƙungiyar tsofaffin 'yan wasa | founded = | headquarters = Najeriya | region_served = Najeriya | membership = Tsofaffin 'yan wasan Flying Eagles | leader_title = Jagora/Jagoran Ƙungiya | leader_name = Paul Okoku (ɗaya daga cikin manyan jagorori) | website = }} '''Flying Eagles Alumni Association''' (wato '''Ƙungiyar Tsofaffin 'Yan Wasan Flying Eagles'') ƙungiya ce da ta haɗa tsofaffin 'yan wasan '''Flying Eagles''', wato ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20 ta Najeriya. An kafa ƙungiyar ne domin ƙarfafa zumunci tsakanin tsofaffin 'yan wasa, kare muradunsu, tallafa wa juna da kuma ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya. Ƙungiyar ta kasance tana shirya ayyukan jin ƙai da kuma tunawa da fitattun tsofaffin 'yan wasan da suka taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news |title=History-making 1983 Flying Eagles award scholarship to iconic late captain's son |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/history-making-1983-flying-eagles-award-scholarship-to-iconic-late-captains-son/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=12 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Flying Eagles 1983 set honours Ali Jeje’s legacy, awards son full scholarship |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/05/flying-eagles-1983-set-honours-ali-jejes-legacy-awards-son-full-scholarship/amp/ |work=Vanguard |date=11 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Tarihin ƙungiyar yana da alaƙa sosai da nasarorin da Flying Eagles suka samu tun shekarun 1980. Ɗaya daga cikin fitattun rukunan da suka fi bayyana a ayyukan ƙungiyar shi ne tawagar Flying Eagles ta shekarar 1983, wadda ta zama ƙungiyar farko daga Najeriya da ta wakilci ƙasar a wata gasa ta FIFA lokacin da ta halarci Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Matasa a Mexico. Tsofaffin 'yan wasan wannan tawaga sun ci gaba da haɗuwa a ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar domin kare martabar tarihin da suka kafa da kuma neman a cika wasu alkawuran gwamnati da aka yi musu bayan nasarar da suka samu.<ref>{{cite news |title=34 Years After, Reps Demand Compensation For Mexico 83 Flying Eagles |url=https://independent.ng/34-years-reps-demand-compensation-mexico-83-flying-eagles/ |work=Independent Nigeria |date=19 July 2017 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=38 Years On, Flying Eagles’ Class of ’83 Cry Out Over Government's Unfulfilled Promises |url=https://sportsvillagesquare.com/2021/01/27/https-www-sportsvillagesquare-com-2021-01-27-38-years-on-flying-eagles-class-of-83-cry-out-over-nigeria-governments-unfulfilled-promises/ |work=Sports Village Square |date=27 January 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan da ƙungiyar ta yi fice da su shi ne taimakon jin ƙai ga iyalai da tsofaffin 'yan wasan da suka shiga matsaloli. A shekarar 2024, mambobin tawagar Flying Eagles ta 1983 ƙarƙashin jagorancin tsohon mataimakin kyaftin Paul Okoku sun ba ɗan marigayi kyaftin Ali Jeje cikakken tallafin karatu. An bayyana cewa an ɗauki matakin ne domin girmama gudummawar da Ali Jeje ya bayar ga ƙungiyar da kuma tarihin ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya. Wannan mataki ya samu yabo daga kafafen yaɗa labarai da dama a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Flying Eagles 1983 set awards full scholarship to son of their skipper, Late Ali Jeje |url=https://www.sportsvillagesquare.com/2024/05/12/flying-eagles-1983-set-awards-full-scholarship-to-son-of-their-skipper-late-ali-jeje/ |work=Sports Village Square |date=12 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=History-making 1983 Flying Eagles award scholarship to iconic late captain's son |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/history-making-1983-flying-eagles-award-scholarship-to-iconic-late-captains-son/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=12 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Ƙungiyar tana kuma taka rawa wajen kare walwalar tsofaffin 'yan wasa da kuma tunatar da gwamnati muhimmancin kula da jaruman wasannin da suka yi wa ƙasa hidima. A lokuta daban-daban, shugabannin ƙungiyar sun yi kira ga gwamnatin tarayya da hukumomin wasanni da su aiwatar da alkawuran tallafi da guraben karatu da aka yi wa 'yan wasan Flying Eagles na shekarar 1983 bayan dawowarsu daga gasar duniya. Mambobin ƙungiyar sun bayyana cewa rashin cika waɗannan alkawura ya jawo wa wasu daga cikin tsofaffin 'yan wasan matsalolin rayuwa bayan sun yi ritaya daga wasa.<ref>{{cite news |title=38 Years On, Flying Eagles’ Class of ’83 Cry Out Over Government's Unfulfilled Promises |url=https://sportsvillagesquare.com/2021/01/27/https-www-sportsvillagesquare-com-2021-01-27-38-years-on-flying-eagles-class-of-83-cry-out-over-nigeria-governments-unfulfilled-promises/ |work=Sports Village Square |date=27 January 2021 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=34 Years After, Reps Demand Compensation For Mexico 83 Flying Eagles |url=https://independent.ng/34-years-reps-demand-compensation-mexico-83-flying-eagles/ |work=Independent Nigeria |date=19 July 2017 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Baya ga ayyukan jin ƙai, Flying Eagles Alumni Association na taimakawa wajen adana tarihin ƙwallon ƙafar matasa a Najeriya. Mambobinta sukan halarci tarurruka, bukukuwan tunawa da tarihi da kuma shirye-shiryen da suka shafi ci gaban matasa a harkar ƙwallon ƙafa. Hakan yana taimakawa wajen haɗa tsofaffin jarumai da sababbin 'yan wasa domin musayar ilimi da ƙwarewa tsakanin tsararraki daban-daban.<ref>{{cite news |title=How Brazil influenced the nickname ‘Flying Eagles’ |url=https://www.sportsvillagesquare.com/2023/05/27/how-brazil-influenced-the-nickname-flying-eagles/ |work=Sports Village Square |date=27 May 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The inglorious exit of Flying Eagles |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/the-inglorious-exit-of-flying-eagles/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=8 June 2019 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Flying Eagles * Hukumar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Najeriya (NFF) * FIFA U-20 World Cup == Manazarta == {{reflist}} [[Category:Football in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sports organizations in Nigeria]] [[Category:Alumni associations]] [[Category:Association football organizations]] [[Category:Flying Eagles]] 50zi2cjjejlx4xfdw4peicv9mmzluxb 0 153444 843359 2026-05-30T11:52:11Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: '''Golden Eaglets Support Initiative''' ƙungiya ce da aka kafa domin tallafawa da ƙarfafa gwiwar '''Golden Eaglets''', wato ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17. Manufar ƙungiyar ita ce haɗa magoya baya, masu ruwa da tsaki a harkar wasanni, da sauran 'yan Najeriya domin bayar da goyon baya ga ci gaban matasan 'yan wasa da kuma nasarar ƙungiyar a gasa na cikin gida da na ƙasa da ƙasa. <ref>{{cite news|title=NFF reaffirms support for Gol... 843359 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Golden Eaglets Support Initiative''' ƙungiya ce da aka kafa domin tallafawa da ƙarfafa gwiwar '''Golden Eaglets''', wato ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17. Manufar ƙungiyar ita ce haɗa magoya baya, masu ruwa da tsaki a harkar wasanni, da sauran 'yan Najeriya domin bayar da goyon baya ga ci gaban matasan 'yan wasa da kuma nasarar ƙungiyar a gasa na cikin gida da na ƙasa da ƙasa. <ref>{{cite news|title=NFF reaffirms support for Golden Eaglets|url=https://dailypost.ng/2015/01/23/nff-reaffirms-support-golden-eaglets/|work=Daily Post Nigeria|date=23 January 2015|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=NFF Assures Golden Eaglets of total Support|url=https://bsnsports.com.ng/post/nff-assures-golden-eaglets-of-total-support|work=BSN Sports|date=11 July 2018|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Ayyukan ƙungiyar sun haɗa da wayar da kan jama'a kan muhimmancin tallafawa matasan 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, shirya gangamin magoya baya yayin manyan gasa, da kuma haɗa kan al'ummomin Najeriya a gida da ƙasashen waje domin nuna goyon baya ga Golden Eaglets. Irin wannan tallafi ya kasance wani muhimmin ɓangare na ƙoƙarin da ake yi na tabbatar da cewa ƙungiyar ta samu kyakkyawan yanayi na shirye-shirye da kuma goyon bayan jama'a a lokacin manyan wasanni. <ref>{{cite news|title=Embassy mobilizes support for Golden Eaglets|url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/embassy-mobilizes-support-for-golden-eaglets/|work=The Eagle Online|date=8 October 2013|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Manu Garba Seeks More Support For Golden Eaglets At National Sports Festival|url=https://www.sports247.ng/manu-garba-seeks-more-support-for-golden-eaglets-at-national-sports-festival/|work=Sports247 Nigeria|date=25 May 2025|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Ƙungiyoyin magoya baya a Najeriya sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tallafawa ƙungiyoyin ƙasa daban-daban. A shekarar 2023, ƙungiyar '''Super Eagles Supporters Club''' ta sanar da shirin ɗaukar nauyin sama da mambobi 200 zuwa Aljeriya domin ƙarfafa gwiwar Golden Eaglets a gasar cin kofin Afrika ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17. Wannan ya nuna yadda ƙungiyoyin magoya baya ke taimakawa wajen samar da yanayin goyon baya ga matasan 'yan wasan Najeriya. <ref>{{cite news|title=SESC Set To Sponsor Over 200 Members To Storm Algeria For Golden Eaglets Support|url=https://www.sports247.ng/sesc-set-to-sponsor-over-200-members-to-storm-algeria-for-golden-eaglets-support/|work=Sports247 Nigeria|date=20 April 2023|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Over 200 Supporters Club members to storm Algeria for Golden Eaglets|url=https://dailytrust.com/over-200-supporters-club-members-to-storm-algeria-for-golden-eaglets/|work=Daily Trust|date=20 April 2023|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Golden Eaglets na daga cikin ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa mafi nasara a tarihin gasar FIFA U-17 World Cup, inda suka lashe kofin duniya sau da dama. Saboda wannan tarihi, ƙungiyoyin tallafi da magoya baya sun kasance masu muhimmanci wajen ƙarfafa gwiwar 'yan wasan tare da ƙarfafa sha'awar matasa ga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya. Hukumar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Najeriya (NFF) ma ta sha bayyana aniyarta na ci gaba da tallafawa ƙungiyar domin samun nasarori a nan gaba. <ref>{{cite news|title=Giwa-led NFF pledges support for Golden Eaglets, Flying Eagles|url=https://guardian.ng/?p=689806|work=The Guardian Nigeria|date=12 July 2018|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=NFF appoints Manu Garba as Golden Eaglets coach, Aduku for Falconets|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/football/nff-appoints-manu-garba-as-golden-eaglets-coach-aduku-for-falconets/|work=The Guardian Nigeria|date=25 July 2025|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Baya ga tallafin magoya baya, ƙungiyoyin da ke mara wa Golden Eaglets baya suna kuma ƙarfafa bin gaskiya da adalci wajen zaɓen 'yan wasa. Tsohon kocin ƙungiyar, Manu Garba, ya taɓa gargadin iyaye da masu kula da yara da kada su biya kuɗi ga masu yaudara da ke ikirarin za su saka 'ya'yansu cikin ƙungiyar. Wannan ya nuna muhimmancin ƙungiyoyin tallafi da masu ruwa da tsaki wajen kare mutuncin tsarin bunƙasa matasan 'yan wasa a Najeriya. <ref>{{cite news|title=Don't pay anyone for a place in Golden Eaglets team – Manu warns|url=https://dailypost.ng/2016/06/10/dont-pay-anyone-for-a-place-in-golden-eaglets-team-manu-warns/|work=Daily Post Nigeria|date=10 June 2016|access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Golden Eaglets * Nigeria Football Federation * Super Eagles Supporters Club == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kungiyoyin magoya bayan kwallon kafa a Najeriya]] [[Category:Golden Eaglets]] [[Category:Kwallon kafa a Najeriya]] 8kg68k3y8qcgto9hivzc7jvzvoc4xqt 0 153445 843360 2026-05-30T11:52:30Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Okey Ndibe | image = | birth_name = Okechukwu Ndibe | birth_date = 1960 | birth_place = Yola, Adamawa State, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Marubuci, ɗan jarida, mai sharhin siyasa, farfesa | genre = Adabin Afirka, almara, tarihin rayuwa | notable_works = ''Arrows of Rain'', ''Foreign Gods, Inc.'', ''Never Look an American in the Eye'' | alma_mater = University of Massachusetts Amherst }} '''Okechukwu "Okey" Ndibe''' (an haif... 843360 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Okey Ndibe | image = | birth_name = Okechukwu Ndibe | birth_date = 1960 | birth_place = Yola, Adamawa State, Najeriya | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Marubuci, ɗan jarida, mai sharhin siyasa, farfesa | genre = Adabin Afirka, almara, tarihin rayuwa | notable_works = ''Arrows of Rain'', ''Foreign Gods, Inc.'', ''Never Look an American in the Eye'' | alma_mater = University of Massachusetts Amherst }} '''Okechukwu "Okey" Ndibe''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1960) fitaccen marubucin Najeriya ne, mai sharhin siyasa, ɗan jarida da kuma farfesa. Ya yi suna a fagen adabin Afirka saboda litattafansa masu nazarin siyasa, mulkin kama-karya, hijira, asalin ɗan adam da kuma al'adun Afirka. Ayyukansa sun samu karɓuwa a Najeriya da ƙasashen waje, musamman littattafan ''Arrows of Rain'' (2000) da ''Foreign Gods, Inc.'' (2014).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://english.gmu.edu/articles/11535 |title=Visiting Writer: Okey Ndibe |publisher=George Mason University |date=2018-02-06 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://okeyndibe.com/about |title=About Okey Ndibe |publisher=Okey Ndibe Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Okey Ndibe a garin Yola, babban birnin jihar Adamawa a Najeriya. Yana daga cikin kabilar Igbo. Yaran ƙuruciyarsa sun zo daidai da lokacin Yaƙin Basasar Biyafara, wani lamari da ya yi tasiri sosai a rubuce-rubucensa daga baya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://biography.igbopeople.org/biography/okechukwu-ndibe/ |title=Okechukwu Ndibe Biography |publisher=Igbo Genealogy and Biographies |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ndibe ya yi karatu a Najeriya kafin daga bisani ya tafi Amurka. Ya samu digirin Master of Fine Arts (MFA) a rubuce-rubuce da kuma digirin digirgir (PhD) a fannin adabi daga Jami'ar Massachusetts Amherst.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://okeyndibe.com/about |title=About Okey Ndibe |publisher=Okey Ndibe Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin jarida == Kafin komawarsa Amurka, Ndibe ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida da editan mujallu a Najeriya. A shekarar 1988, fitaccen marubucin Najeriya Chinua Achebe ya gayyace shi zuwa Amurka domin ya zama editan kafa mujallar ''African Commentary'', wata mujalla da ta mayar da hankali kan harkokin Afirka da siyasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://okeyndibe.com/about |title=About Okey Ndibe |publisher=Okey Ndibe Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Daga baya ya rubuta maƙalu da sharhi a jaridu da mujallu daban-daban ciki har da ''The New York Times'', ''BBC Online'', ''Al Jazeera'', ''Financial Times'' da ''Daily Sun'' na Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.literaturevoices.com.ng/interviews/nigerian-writers-abroad-do-not-outwork-those-based-in-nigeria-okey-ndibe |title=Nigerian Writers abroad do not Outwork those Based in Nigeria – Okey Ndibe |publisher=Literature Voices |date=2021 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Aikin koyarwa == Okey Ndibe ya koyar a jami'o'i da dama a Amurka da Najeriya. Ya kasance malami a: * Brown University * Connecticut College * Trinity College * Bard College at Simon's Rock * University of Lagos (a matsayin Fulbright Scholar) Ayyukansa na koyarwa sun fi mayar da hankali kan adabin Afirka, rubuce-rubucen almara da nazarin al'adu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://okeyndibe.com/about |title=About Okey Ndibe |publisher=Okey Ndibe Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Ayyukan adabi == === Arrows of Rain === Littafinsa na farko, ''Arrows of Rain'', wanda aka wallafa a shekara ta 2000, ya yi nazari kan mulkin kama-karya, cin zarafin ɗan adam da tasirin siyasa ga rayuwar talakawa a wata ƙasa ta Afirka. Littafin ya taimaka wajen kafa sunansa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin marubutan Afirka masu tasiri.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pearson.com/content/dam/one-dot-com/one-dot-com/international-schools/pdfs/rights-and-licensing/African-Writers-Series-2020.pdf |title=The Longman African Writers Series |publisher=Pearson Education |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> === Foreign Gods, Inc. === A shekarar 2014 ya wallafa ''Foreign Gods, Inc.'', wani labari da ke nazarin hijira, addini, kasuwancin kayan gargajiya da kuma rikicin da ke tsakanin al'adun Afirka da na Yamma. Littafin ya samu yabo daga manyan gidajen jarida da mujallu, kuma an sanya shi cikin jerin mafi kyawun littattafan shekarar 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://okeyndibe.com/ |title=Okey Ndibe Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> === Never Look an American in the Eye === A shekarar 2016 ya wallafa tarihin rayuwarsa mai suna ''Never Look an American in the Eye: Flying Turtles, Colonial Ghosts, and the Making of a Nigerian American''. Littafin ya bayyana ƙwarewarsa a matsayin baƙon ɗan Najeriya a Amurka da kuma bambance-bambancen al'adu tsakanin ƙasashen biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://english.gmu.edu/articles/11535 |title=Visiting Writer: Okey Ndibe |publisher=George Mason University |date=2018-02-06 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da yabo == Ayyukan Ndibe sun samu yabo daga mashahuran marubuta da masu nazarin adabi. Har ila yau, maƙalarsa mai taken ''Eyes to the Ground: The Perils of the Black Student'' ta samu lambar yabo daga Association of Opinion Page Editors a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://okeyndibe.com/about |title=About Okey Ndibe |publisher=Okey Ndibe Official Website |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> Littafinsa ''Never Look an American in the Eye'' ya lashe Connecticut Book Award a fannin rubuce-rubucen tarihin rayuwa a shekarar 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.literaturevoices.com.ng/interviews/nigerian-writers-abroad-do-not-outwork-those-based-in-nigeria-okey-ndibe |title=Nigerian Writers abroad do not Outwork those Based in Nigeria – Okey Ndibe |publisher=Literature Voices |date=2021 |access-date=2026-05-30}}</ref> == Zaɓaɓɓun littattafai == * ''Arrows of Rain'' (2000) * ''Writers, Writing on Conflicts and Wars in Africa'' (2009, tare da Chenjerai Hove) * ''Foreign Gods, Inc.'' (2014) * ''Never Look an American in the Eye'' (2016) * ''The Man Lives: A Conversation with Wole Soyinka on Life, Literature and Politics'' (2017) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1960 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian novelists]] [[Category:Nigerian writers]] [[Category:Igbo writers]] [[Category:People from Adamawa State]] [[Category:University of Massachusetts Amherst alumni]] [[Category:Brown University faculty]] [[Category:Nigerian journalists]] [[Category:Nigerian columnists]] [[Category:Nigerian academics]] 63dh4aghmcrjutbc7ow48dgzc8qfrbh 0 153446 843361 2026-05-30T11:54:16Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Short description|Shirin horas da masu koyar da ƙwallon ƙafa ta CAF a Najeriya}} '''CAF Coaching Instructors Programme''' (wato '''Shirin Horas da Masu Koyar da Ƙwallon Ƙafa na CAF''') wani tsari ne na horaswa da [[Confederation of African Football]] (CAF) ke gudanarwa domin ƙara wa masu koyar da ƙwallon ƙafa ilimi da ƙwarewa a fannin koyarwa, dabarun wasa, da kuma tsarin ba da lasisin koyar da ƙwallon ƙafa a nahiyar Afirka. A Najeriya, Nigeria Football Federatio... 843361 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Shirin horas da masu koyar da ƙwallon ƙafa ta CAF a Najeriya}} '''CAF Coaching Instructors Programme''' (wato '''Shirin Horas da Masu Koyar da Ƙwallon Ƙafa na CAF''') wani tsari ne na horaswa da [[Confederation of African Football]] (CAF) ke gudanarwa domin ƙara wa masu koyar da ƙwallon ƙafa ilimi da ƙwarewa a fannin koyarwa, dabarun wasa, da kuma tsarin ba da lasisin koyar da ƙwallon ƙafa a nahiyar Afirka. A Najeriya, [[Nigeria Football Federation]] (NFF) ce ke haɗin gwiwa da CAF wajen shirya wannan shiri domin bunƙasa ilimin masu horarwa da kuma inganta ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙasar.<ref>{{cite news |title=NFF set to organize first-ever CAF Coaching Instructors’ Course |url=https://www.africasport.net/article/football/nff-set-to-organize-first-ever-caf-coaching-instructors-course |publisher=Africa Sport Network |date=5 July 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=CAF Coaching Instructors’ Course starts July 5 in Abuja |url=https://dailytrust.com/caf-coaching-instructors-course-starts-july-5-in-abuja/ |publisher=Daily Trust |date=4 July 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> An ƙaddamar da shirin farko na '''CAF Coaching Instructors’ Course''' a Najeriya ne a watan Yulin 2023 a cibiyar NFF/FIFA Goal Project da ke filin wasa na MKO Abiola National Stadium a Abuja. Shirin ya gudana na tsawon kwanaki goma daga ranar 5 zuwa 15 ga watan Yuli, inda aka zaɓi masu koyarwa goma sha biyar domin samun horo kai tsaye daga ƙwararren mai koyarwa na CAF kuma masani na FIFA, Abrham Mebratu daga Habasha. Shirin ya mayar da hankali ne kan sabbin dabarun koyarwa, fasahar gudanar da horo, da hanyoyin bunƙasa ilimin masu horar da ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news |title=NFF set to organize first-ever CAF Coaching Instructors’ Course |url=https://www.africasport.net/article/football/nff-set-to-organize-first-ever-caf-coaching-instructors-course |publisher=Africa Sport Network |date=5 July 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=CAF Coaching Instructors’ Course starts July 5 in Abuja |url=https://dailytrust.com/caf-coaching-instructors-course-starts-july-5-in-abuja/ |publisher=Daily Trust |date=4 July 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A cewar Daraktan Fasaha na NFF, Augustine Eguavoen, an kirkiro shirin ne domin taimaka wa masu koyarwa su fahimci sabbin sauye-sauyen dabaru, hanyoyin horaswa da fasahohin zamani da ake amfani da su a ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya. Ya bayyana cewa horon zai taimaka wajen samar da ƙwararrun masu koyarwa waɗanda za su iya koyar da sauran masu horarwa a faɗin Najeriya, wanda hakan zai taimaka wajen ɗaga matsayin ƙwallon ƙafar ƙasar a matakin duniya.<ref>{{cite news |title=CAF Coaching Instructors’ Course starts July 5 in Abuja |url=https://dailytrust.com/caf-coaching-instructors-course-starts-july-5-in-abuja/ |publisher=Daily Trust |date=4 July 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2025, NFF ta sake shirya wani babban shirin '''CAF Coach Educators’ Programme''' a Abuja domin ƙara yawan masu ba da horo da suka samu lasisin CAF a Najeriya. Mutane goma sha biyar ne aka zaɓa bayan sun cika sharuddan CAF, ciki har da mallakar aƙalla lasisin CAF B Licence, iya amfani da harshen Ingilishi da kuma kwarewar koyarwa. Daga cikin mahalarta akwai tsohon kocin Super Falcons Christopher Danjuma da kuma tsohuwar mataimakiyar kocin Super Falcons Adanna Nwaneri.<ref>{{cite news |title=CAF coach educators’ programme begins Thursday in Abuja |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/caf-coach-educators-programme-begins-thursday-in-abuja/ |publisher=The Guardian Nigeria |date=16 July 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=NFF finalises arrangements as Coach Educators’ programme kicks off |url=https://blueprint.ng/nff-finalises-arrangements-as-coach-educators-programme-kicks-off/ |publisher=Blueprint Newspapers |date=16 July 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Shirin ya zama wani muhimmin ɓangare na ƙoƙarin NFF na daidaita tsarin horas da masu koyarwa da ƙa'idojin CAF. Wannan ya taimaka wajen ƙaddamar da kwasa-kwasan lasisin CAF D, CAF C da CAF B a Najeriya, tare da samar da ƙwararrun masu horarwa da za su iya aiki a manyan kungiyoyi da gasanni na nahiyar Afirka.<ref>{{cite news |title=NFF launches first CAF B-Licence Coaching Course in Abuja |url=https://nujfct.ng/nff-launches-first-caf-b-licence-coaching-course-in-abuja/ |publisher=NUJ FCT |date=7 April 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=NFF Charges CAF B-License Coaches To Apply New Knowledge |url=https://von.gov.ng/nff-charges-caf-b-license-coaches-to-apply-new-knowledge/ |publisher=Voice of Nigeria |date=7 November 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2026, CAF ta sake amincewa da Najeriya ta koma cikin tsarin '''CAF A Coaching Convention''' bayan kusan shekaru tara ba tare da gudanar da kwasa-kwasan CAF A Licence ba. Wannan ci gaba ya biyo bayan nasarorin da aka samu daga shirye-shiryen horas da masu koyarwa da kuma masu koyar da masu koyarwa da aka gudanar a ƙasar. Hukumar NFF ta bayyana cewa wannan mataki zai taimaka wajen samar da ƙarin ƙwararrun masu horarwa da za su iya jagorantar ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa a manyan gasa irin su AFCON da CAF Champions League.<ref>{{cite news |title=CAF reinstates Nigeria into Grade A coaching licence programme after nine years |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/caf-reinstates-nigeria-into-grade-a-coaching-licence-programme-after-nine-years/ |publisher=The Guardian Nigeria |date=7 May 2026 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=NFF gets CAF nod for A coaching course after 9-year break |url=https://punchng.com/nff-gets-caf-nod-for-a-coaching-course/ |publisher=The Punch |date=8 May 2026 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manufofi == * Horar da masu koyar da ƙwallon ƙafa bisa ƙa'idojin CAF. * Samar da ƙwararrun masu koyar da masu koyarwa (Coach Educators). * Haɓaka ilimin dabarun zamani a ƙwallon ƙafa. * Tallafa wa tsarin lasisin CAF D, C, B da A Licence. * Inganta matakin koyar da ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya da Afirka baki ɗaya.<ref>{{cite news |title=NFF Finalises Plans For CAF License Coaching Courses |url=https://von.gov.ng/nff-finalises-plans-for-caf-license-coaching-courses/ |publisher=Voice of Nigeria |date=23 May 2026 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] * [[Confederation of African Football]] * [[Augustine Eguavoen]] * [[Africa Cup of Nations]] == Manazarta == pm8snd18pzj61azd1xmpn0zsly4kh2q 0 153447 843362 2026-05-30T11:56:24Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox organization | name = FIFA Talent Development Scheme Nigeria | image = FIFA logo.svg | abbreviation = TDS Nigeria | sport = Ƙwallon ƙafa | founded = 2023 | headquarters = Abuja, Najeriya | region = Najeriya | parent_organization = FIFA | affiliation = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | purpose = Gano da bunƙasa hazikan 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa | website = {{URL|https://inside.fifa.com}} }} '''FIFA Talent Development Scheme Nigeria''' (TDS Nigeria) wani shiri ne... 843362 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = FIFA Talent Development Scheme Nigeria | image = FIFA logo.svg | abbreviation = TDS Nigeria | sport = Ƙwallon ƙafa | founded = 2023 | headquarters = Abuja, Najeriya | region = Najeriya | parent_organization = FIFA | affiliation = Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) | purpose = Gano da bunƙasa hazikan 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa | website = {{URL|https://inside.fifa.com}} }} '''FIFA Talent Development Scheme Nigeria''' (TDS Nigeria) wani shiri ne na bunƙasa hazaka a fannin ƙwallon ƙafa da hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya, wato FIFA, ta ƙaddamar tare da haɗin gwiwar [[Nigeria Football Federation]] (NFF). An ƙirƙiri shirin ne domin gano matasa masu basira daga sassa daban-daban na Najeriya tare da samar musu da horo, koyarwa da hanyoyin da za su taimaka musu su kai matakin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa a nan gaba. Shirin yana cikin tsarin duniya na FIFA Talent Development Scheme wanda Arsène Wenger ke jagoranta a matsayin shugaban bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa na FIFA. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://inside.fifa.com/football-development/news/fifa-talent-development-scheme-moves-forward-to-phase-of-full-implementation |title=FIFA Talent Development Scheme moves forward to phase of full implementation |publisher=FIFA |date=17 March 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == A shekarar 2023 ne FIFA ta fara aiwatar da sabon tsarin Talent Development Scheme a ƙasashe mambobinta domin ƙarfafa gano matasa masu hazaka da kuma bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa daga tushe. Shirin ya bai wa kowace ƙasa damar samun tallafin kuɗi da na fasaha domin kafa cibiyoyin horaswa, shirye-shiryen gano hazaka da horar da masu koyarwa. Najeriya na daga cikin ƙasashen da suka rungumi wannan tsari tare da haɗin gwiwar NFF. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://inside.fifa.com/football-development/news/fifa-talent-development-scheme-moves-forward-to-phase-of-full-implementation |title=FIFA Talent Development Scheme moves forward to phase of full implementation |publisher=FIFA |date=17 March 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Bayan fara shirin, NFF ta gudanar da tarurruka da shirye-shiryen binciken hazaka a jihohi daban-daban na Najeriya domin gano matasa masu shekaru tsakanin 12 zuwa 15. Hakan ya haifar da kafa sansanonin horaswa da kuma zaɓen matasa masu ƙwarewa domin shiga cikin tsarin da ake kira ''Future Eagles''. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sports247.ng/fifa-talent-development-scheme-boosts-nigerias-youth-football-prospects-says-nasiru-jibril/ |title=FIFA Talent Development Scheme Boosts Nigeria’s Youth Football Prospects Says Nasiru Jibril |publisher=Sports247 Nigeria |date=5 March 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Manufofi == Babban manufar FIFA Talent Development Scheme ita ce tabbatar da cewa kowanne yaro ko yarinya mai hazakar ƙwallon ƙafa yana samun damar a gano shi tare da ba shi horon da ya dace. FIFA ta bayyana cewa shirin yana da nufin inganta matakin ƙungiyoyin ƙasa na maza da mata ta hanyar gina tsarin bunƙasa matasa mai ɗorewa. Haka kuma ana mai da hankali wajen kafa cibiyoyin horaswa, gano hazaka, horar da masu koyarwa da kuma shirya gasanni na matasa. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://inside.fifa.com/football-development/news/fifa-talent-development-scheme-moves-forward-to-phase-of-full-implementation |title=FIFA Talent Development Scheme moves forward to phase of full implementation |publisher=FIFA |date=17 March 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A Najeriya, shirin yana da nufin samar da sabbin 'yan wasa da za su wakilci ƙasar a matakan ƙasa daban-daban a nan gaba, tare da ƙarfafa tsarin gano matasa daga makarantu, ƙungiyoyin matasa da cibiyoyin horaswa na cikin gida. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sports247.ng/fifa-talent-development-scheme-boosts-nigerias-youth-football-prospects-says-nasiru-jibril/ |title=FIFA Talent Development Scheme Boosts Nigeria’s Youth Football Prospects Says Nasiru Jibril |publisher=Sports247 Nigeria |date=5 March 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Ayyuka a Najeriya == A watan Satumbar 2024, NFF ta kammala wani sansanin horo na makonni biyu ga 'yan wasan Najeriya masu shekaru ƙasa da 15, waɗanda ake kira ''Future Eagles''. Fiye da matasa 120 ne suka shiga wannan shiri a Abuja, inda aka ba su horo da koyarwa a ƙarƙashin tsarin TDS. Jami'an NFF sun bayyana cewa wannan mataki yana taimakawa wajen samar da tubalin da zai ciyar da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa gaba a shekaru masu zuwa. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sports247.ng/over-120-young-players-take-part-in-fifa-talent-development-scheme/ |title=Over 120 Young Players Take Part In FIFA Talent Development Scheme |publisher=Sports247 Nigeria |date=20 September 2024 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2025 kuma, an gudanar da zagaye na uku na shirin a Abuja inda 'yan wasa 39 suka shiga sansanin horaswa a farkon matakin taron. Kocin ''Future Eagles'', Patrick Bassey, ya yaba wa NFF kan goyon bayan da take bai wa aikin bunƙasa matasa tare da bayyana cewa an zaɓi mahalartan ne bisa cancanta da shekarunsu. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.africasport.net/article/football/tds-kicks-off-in-abuja-as-fifa-nff-talent-development-scheme-enters-third-year |title=TDS Kicks Off in Abuja as FIFA/NFF Talent Development Scheme Enters Third Year |publisher=Africa Sport Network |date=3 July 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Shirin 'yan mata == A watan Disambar 2025, NFF ta ƙaddamar da shirin FIFA Talent Development Scheme na musamman ga 'yan mata a Abuja. An ƙaddamar da shirin ne a makarantar Noble Hall Leadership Academy tare da halartar shugaban NFF Ibrahim Musa Gusau da wasu jami'an ƙwallon ƙafa. An bayyana cewa manufar shirin ita ce gano matasa mata masu hazaka tare da bunƙasa su domin su zama taurarin ƙwallon ƙafa na gaba a Najeriya. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://von.gov.ng/nff-inaugurates-fifa-talent-development-scheme-for-girls/ |title=NFF Inaugurates FIFA Talent Development Scheme For Girls |publisher=Voice of Nigeria |date=11 December 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Jami'an NFF sun bayyana cewa shirin ba kawai zai taimaka wajen samar da 'yan wasa ba, har ma zai buɗe hanyoyi ga matasa mata a fannoni kamar koyarwa, alƙalanci, kula da lafiyar 'yan wasa da sauran ayyukan da suka shafi ƙwallon ƙafa. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://newnationalstar.com/nff-launches-fifa-talent-development-scheme-for-girls/ |title=NFF launches FIFA talent development scheme for girls |publisher=New National Star |date=11 December 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Tasiri == Masu kula da shirin a Najeriya sun bayyana cewa TDS ya taimaka wajen faɗaɗa aikin gano hazaka a faɗin ƙasar. Nasiru Jibril, wanda yake jagorantar shirin a Najeriya, ya bayyana cewa tsarin ya zama wata muhimmiyar hanya ta gano sabbin 'yan wasa tun daga shekarar 2023, musamman bayan FIFA ta fara shirya gasar cin kofin duniya ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 17 a kowace shekara. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sports247.ng/fifa-talent-development-scheme-boosts-nigerias-youth-football-prospects-says-nasiru-jibril/ |title=FIFA Talent Development Scheme Boosts Nigeria’s Youth Football Prospects Says Nasiru Jibril |publisher=Sports247 Nigeria |date=5 March 2025 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Shirin ya kuma zama wani ɓangare na yunƙurin FIFA na tabbatar da cewa kowace ƙasa memba tana da tsarin bunƙasa matasa mai ƙarfi wanda zai taimaka wajen samar da sabbin 'yan wasa ga ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da kuma ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://inside.fifa.com/football-development/news/fifa-talent-development-scheme-moves-forward-to-phase-of-full-implementation |title=FIFA Talent Development Scheme moves forward to phase of full implementation |publisher=FIFA |date=17 March 2023 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] * [[FIFA]] * [[Super Eagles]] * [[Future Eagles]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Football in Nigeria]] [[Category:Sports organizations in Nigeria]] [[Category:FIFA]] [[Category:Youth football]] hufkp3oi4kxydswcamg4a5z0hbskt3p 0 153448 843363 2026-05-30T11:56:43Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Okwui Enwezor | birth_name = Okwuchukwu Emmanuel Enwezor | birth_date = {{birth date|1963|10|23}} | birth_place = Calabar, Najeriya | death_date = {{death date and age|2019|3|15|1963|10|23}} | death_place = Munich, Jamus | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Marubuci, mai sharhin fasaha, mai tsara nune-nunen fasaha (curator), mawaƙi | known_for = Jagorantar Documenta 11 da Venice Biennale 2015 }} '''Okwui Enwezor''' (23 Oktoba 1963 – 15 Mari... 843363 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Okwui Enwezor | birth_name = Okwuchukwu Emmanuel Enwezor | birth_date = {{birth date|1963|10|23}} | birth_place = Calabar, Najeriya | death_date = {{death date and age|2019|3|15|1963|10|23}} | death_place = Munich, Jamus | nationality = Ɗan Najeriya | occupation = Marubuci, mai sharhin fasaha, mai tsara nune-nunen fasaha (curator), mawaƙi | known_for = Jagorantar Documenta 11 da Venice Biennale 2015 }} '''Okwui Enwezor''' (23 Oktoba 1963 – 15 Maris 2019) ɗan Najeriya ne wanda ya yi fice a matsayin marubuci, mai sharhin fasaha, mawaƙi, kuma mai tsara manyan nune-nunen fasaha na duniya. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da suka fi tasiri wajen kawo fasahar Afirka da ta ƙasashen Kudancin Duniya cikin manyan tattaunawar fasaha ta duniya a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20 da farkon ƙarni na 21.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/mar/22/okwui-enwezor-nigerian-curator-confronted-european-art |title=Okwui Enwezor: the Nigerian who confronted the European art canon |work=The Guardian |date=22 March 2019 |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Ya zama mutum na farko daga Afirka da ya jagoranci babban baje kolin fasaha na '''Venice Biennale''' a shekarar 2015, sannan kuma mutum na farko da ba ɗan Turai ba da ya jagoranci '''Documenta 11''' a Jamus a shekarar 2002.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.labiennale.org/en/art/2015/curator |title=Okwui Enwezor – Curator of the Biennale Arte 2015 |publisher=La Biennale di Venezia |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://documenta.de/en/retrospective/documenta11 |title=Documenta 11 – Artistic Director Okwui Enwezor |publisher=documenta |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Okwui Enwezor a ranar 23 Oktoba 1963 a garin Calabar da ke jihar Cross River, Najeriya. Asalinsa daga garin Awkuzu ne a jihar Anambra. A lokacin Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya, iyalinsa sun yi ƙaura zuwa wurare daban-daban kafin daga bisani su zauna a Enugu, inda ya taso.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://iniva.org/library/digital-archive/people/e/enwezor-okwui/ |title=Okwui Enwezor |publisher=Institute of International Visual Arts (Iniva) |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> Ya fara karatu a Jami'ar Najeriya da ke Nsukka, amma a shekarar 1982 ya ƙaura zuwa Amurka. Daga baya ya kammala digiri a fannin Kimiyyar Siyasa a New Jersey City University.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://documenta.de/en/retrospective/documenta11 |title=Documenta 11 – Artistic Director Okwui Enwezor |publisher=documenta |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> == Farkon aikinsa == Bayan kammala karatunsa, Enwezor ya fara rubuta waƙoƙi da makaloli a birnin New York. A cikin shekarun 1990 ya shiga harkar nazari da sharhin fasaha, musamman kan fasahar Afirka da ta 'yan Afirka mazauna ƙasashen waje. Rubuce-rubucensa sun bayyana a mujallu da littattafai masu yawa na duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://iniva.org/library/digital-archive/people/e/enwezor-okwui/ |title=Okwui Enwezor |publisher=Iniva |access-date=30 May 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 1994 ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa mujallar '''Nka: Journal fudij2x80kcq3sqtwok4d3uh3geqcfy